GOLDWIN^S \\ITH
HARRIET°S>\ITH

0

Dictorfa Ibfstor^ of tbe
Counties of, Englanb

EDITED BY WILLIAM PAGE, F.S.A.

A HISTORY OF

VOLUME V

THE

VICTORIA HISTORY

OF THE COUNTIES
OF ENGLAND

LANCASHIRE

LONDON

CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED

This History is issued to Subscribers only

By Constable & Company Limited

and printed by Eyre & Spottiswoode Limited

H.M. Printers of London

INSCRIBED

TO THE MEMORY OF

HER LATE MAJESTY

QUEEN VICTORIA

WHO GRACIOUSLY GAVE
THE TITLE TO AND

ACCEPTED THE
- DEDICATION OF
THIS HISTORY

THE

ICTORIA HISTORY

OF THE COUNTY OF'

LANCASTER

EDITED BY
WILLIAM FARRER, D.Lrrr., AND J. BROWNBILL, M.A,

VOLUME FIVE

LONDON
C CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED

DA

670

CONTENTS OF VOLUME FIVE

PACK

Dedication . . . .•».... . . . . . . . . v

Contents ............... ix

List of Illustrations ...... ....... xi

Editorial Note ......... ..... xiii

Topography. General descriptions and manorial descents by W. FARRER, D Litt., and
J. BROWNBILL, M A. Architectural descriptions by C. R. PEERS, M.A., F.S.A.,
and F. H CHEETHAM. Heraldic drawings and blazon by the Rev E E. DORLING,
M.A., F.S.A

Salford Hundred (continued}

Deane ............... i

Flixton ............. .42

Radcliffe 56

Prestwich-with-Oldham . . . . . . . . . . .67

Bury 122

Middleton 151

Rochdale 187

Bolton-le-Moors . . . . . . . . . . • • 235

Index to Volumes III, IV, and V 305

Corrigenda ............... 409

C

ix

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

View of Winander Meer, near Ambleside ......... Frontispiece

Deane Church from the South-east ....... full-page plate, facing 4

Halliwell : Smithills Hall : Garden Front ...... „ „ „ 14

„ P^n . ......... 15

,, „ „ East Side of Quadrangle . . . . . . . .16

„ „ „ East Side ........... 17

.8

Kenyon Peel Hall, Plan . . . . . . . . . „ 32

„ „ „ c. 1 88 1, before restoration . . full-page plate „ 34

\
j

}

}• ...... full-page plate, facing 60

J

» » » »> »> ...... ,, ,,

„ „ „ „ „ Gatehouse

„ „ „ „ „ Oak Doors of Gatehouse
Flixton Church : South-east View . . . . . . . . . . -43

„ Shaw Hall .. ............ 49

Urmston Hall : East Side ............ 53

„ „ North Front ............ 54

RadclifFe Tower, from the North-west

, _ ,
„ „ „ the South-west

„ Plan . ..... . 61

„ Church, Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

„ „ Interior looking East . . . . . • . . . .63

„ „ from the West ........... 64

Prestwich Church, Plan ........... 69

RadclifFe Church, c. 1850

Prestwich „ in 1850

Alkrington Hall .............. 84

Tonge Hall ........... full-page plate, facing 86

„ „ Plan . .87

Oldham : Chamber Hall from the South-west

„ Back of Chamber Hall showing old Barn

„ Old Plan . ............. 100

„ Church in 1824 )

)

\ ........ full-page plate, facm? 70

J

)

} ' ' f^P^ P^, facing 96

»>»

„ Werneth Old Hal] ' , «°4

Prestwich : Deyne Hall, taken down 1837 1

TJ TT 11 •••••

Royton Hall J

Chadderton Hall .............. 1 1 8

Foxdenton Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Middleton Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . •I53

„ „ Plan . -154

„ „ Tower Arch . "I

?..... fu/i-page plate, facing i c 6
„ The Nave looking East J

„ „ The Grammar School . . . . . . - . . .160

„ Boar's Head Inn : The Front . . . . . . . . . .162

xi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PACK

Hopwood Hall, from the South-east .... . full-page plate, facing 170

„ „ Dining-room .... •„ „ „ 172

„ „ Drawing-room „ „ „ 174

Great Lever Hall ")

/"MJ /">l. II" " * * ' " * * " " "

„ „ „ Old Chapel J
Rochdale : Amen Corner . . . . . . . . . . . .192

„ Church 195

Castleton Hall 202

„ „ Main Staircase ............ 203

Butterworth : Belfield Hall, Plan 216

„ „ „ ... full-page plate, facing 216

„ Clegg Hall „ „ „ 220

Blatchinworth : Pike House, Littleborough . . . . . . . . .228

Bolton : Old Parish Church, taken down 1866)

_, . . , \ full-page plate, facing 238
„ Market Place in 1 8 1 6 . . j

Little Bolton Hall 253

Tonge : Hall i' th' Wood ........ full-page plate, facing 256

„ „ „ ,, . . . . . . . . . . . .257

„ „ „ „ Plans 258

Darcy Lever Hall .......... full-page plate, facing 264

Bradshaw Hall .......... „ „ „ 272

Turton Tower, c. 1844 ......... „ „ „ 274

» » ••••••••••»»»»» 270

» ,, Plans 277

„ „ from the South-east ....... full-page plate, facing 278

Rivington : Seal of School, 1566 ............ 290

Lostock Hall full-page plate, facing 298

LIST OF MAPS

Index Map to the Parish of Deane . . ,

„ „ „ Parishes of Radcliffe and Prestwich

„ „ ,i Parish of Bury . . .

„ „ „ „ Middleton . . .

„ „ „ „ Rochdale

„ „ „ Bolton

2

57

122
152

188
236

Zll

EDITORIAL NOTE

IN addition to those whose help has been acknowledged in previous
volumes, the Editors desire to record their obligations to the following : —
Mr. H. Ince Anderton, Mr. S. Andrew, the late Mr. J. Dean, Lieut.-
Col. Henry Fishwick, F.S.A., Mr. W. Hewitson, Rev. W. Nicholls,
Mr. S. Partington, Colonel John Pilkington, F.S.A., Mr. J. P. Rylands,
F.S.A., Mr. Giles Shaw, and the Town Clerks of Bolton, Heywood,
Middleton, and Rochdale.

For the use of plans and for information regarding the architec-
ture of the county, the Editors are indebted to Messrs. Austin and Paley,
Mr. W. D. Caroe, M.A., F.S.A., Mr. Jonathan Simpson, Mr. C. W.
Sutton, M.A., Mr. Henry Taylor, F.S.A., Mr. Isaac Taylor, and
Mr. Edgar Wood.

For the use of photographs and blocks for illustrations the Editors
desire to express their obligations to Sir Lees Knowles, Bart., Lieut.-Col.
Fishwick, F.S.A., Lieut.-Col. Pilkington, F.S.A., Mr. A. B. Sparke and
the Bolton Library Committee, and Mr. Giles Shaw.

xni

A HISTORY OF
LANCASHIRE

TOPOGRAPHY

THE HUNDRED OF SALFORD

(Continuation)

DEANE

RUMWORTH
HORWICH
HEATON
HALLIWELL

WESTHOUGHTON
HULTON, LITTLE
HULTON, MIDDLE

HULTON, OVER
FARNWORTH

KEARSLEY

This parish, originally the northern half of the
parish of Eccles, takes its name from the dean or narrow
wooded valley, on the edge of which the church stands.1
A little brook runs down the valley northward to the
Croal. The whole was held of the lord of Manchester,
in part directly and in part under the mesne fee of
Barton.1 The district measures about 8 miles from
north-west to south-east, and has a total area of
20,102 acres. The geological formation consists of the
carboniferous rocks, the Coal Measures in the southern
and central parts, the Gannister Beds and Millstone
Grit in the northern — that is, in Heaton, Horwich and
Halliwell. The church stands as near as may be to
the centre of its irregularly-shaped district.

Of recent formation the parish has but little record
beyond that of industrial progress, being largely in-
fluenced by Bolton, within which a large portion of
it is now included.

The following is the present apportionment of the
agricultural land : Arable land, 2,375 acres 5 Per~
manent grass, 10,798 ; woods and plantations, 354.
Details are given as follows : —

Arable

Acres

Deane

2,071

Deane

IO

Horwich

46

Smithills

7

Heaton

2

Farnworth

4

Kearsley

235

Grass
Acres

4»°93

1,811

1,104

1,199

613

284

Woods, &c.

Acres

190

5

144

15

For assessment purposes it was divided into four

quarters — Rumworth, Farnworth, and Kearsley ; Hea-

' ton, Horwich, and Halliwell ; Westhoughton ; the

three Hultons. Each quarter contributed £1 14*. i\d.

to the county lay of 1624, when the hundred had to
raise £ioo.3 To the fifteenth Rumworth, together
with Lostock in Bolton, paid 1 4*. ; Heaton with Halli-
well, 1 3/. ; the three Hultons, I o/. ; Westhoughton,
I5/. \d. ; Horwich was not reckoned, and Farn-
worth and Kearsley were included with Barton-on-
Irwell.4

The church of ST. MART is pictur-
CHURCH esquely situated on high ground above a
small stream that flows past it on the
west, and consists of a chancel 28 ft. long by 19 ft. 6 in.
wide, nave 71 ft. 6 in. by 20 ft. gin., north aisle
1 3 ft. wide, with organ chamber at the east and vestry
at the west end, south aisle 1 5 ft. wide, south porch
and west tower 9 ft. square ; these measurements being
all internal. With the exception of the tower the
building belongs to different periods of the I5th and
to the beginning of the i6th centuries, with modern
additions. The tower is of 14th-century date, and
probably belongs to an older church which the 15th-
century building replaced.

The church is built of rough wall-stones, and has
battlemented parapets to chancel, nave, and aisles, with
three crocketed pinnacles on the east end, and leaded
roofs. The details are poor, the windows all being
late in style, with rounded uncusped heads to the lights,
the clearstory consisting of an almost continuous line
of square-headed three-light windows.

The church appears to have been originally a small
14th-century building, the nave covering the area now
occupied by the two westernmost bays of the present
nave, probably without aisles and with a chancel and
western tower. Early in the 1 5th century the church
was extended eastward by the addition of two bays
forming a new chancel, probably built round the for-
merly existing one and taking up the space now occu-

1 Rochdale is another parish taking its
name from the position of the church ;
Wilmslow in Cheshire, is another. There
are no townships so named, but each of

them gives its name to the village around
the church.

2 Part at least of Hulton was held in
thegnage with Worsley, and the mesne

lordship of Barton — and therefore of Man-
chester— was usually ignored.

8 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 22;
also 15. 4Ibid. 1 8.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

pied by the third and fourth bays of the nave. The
next alteration to this 14th-century church, which
had a steep-pitched roof, the line of which was re-
vealed against the east wall of the tower in 1878
and is still preserved in the plastered face, seems to
have been the pulling down of the north side of the
new chancel in the 1 5th century and extending it
northward to the width of the present aisle. The
two arches on this side are the oldest in the church,
and are of different section from the others. Later
the chancel and its northward extension were further
extended by a bay, and the south side rebuilt with
three arches opposite those on the north side. The
original 14th-century nave appears to have been
standing till the beginning of the 1 6th century,4 when
it was pulled down and the present nave arcade con-
structed and the clearstory added, leaving a small
portion of the 14th-century walls on the west end
immediately to the east of the tower. The area of
the original building and these three extensions now
form the extent of the nave and aisles, a later exten-
sion of the chancel having apparently taken place
shortly afterwards, early in the i6th century. The
chancel was lengthened a further loft, in 1884.
The organ chamber north of the chancel was added
in 1887.

The chancel has a large seven-light pointed window
on the east with central transom and plain perpen-

dicular tracery in the head. The lights have rounded
heads and are uncusped. On the north side is a
modern arch to the organ chamber, and the south wall
has a five-light flat-pointed window with double tran-
som and rounded heads to the lights. The chancel
is open to the nave, and is only less in width by the
projection of the chancel walls in front of the nave
piers. Both chancel and nave are under one continuous
flat-pitched oak panelled roof of modern construction
(1884), but following the old lines.

The nave has an arcade of five pointed arches resting
on octagonal piers, with moulded capitals, the arches
of two plain chamfered orders, except to the earlier
third and fourth bays on the north side, where the
chamfers are hollowed. The second pier on the
north side shows the junction of this earlier work with
the later 15th-century work of the nave in the clumsy
thickening out of the pier and the awkward way in
which the western arch springs from it. The capitals
of the first pier from the west on the north side and
those of the later half of the thickened pier are carved
with rude stone heads. The nave is lighted by an
almost continuous row of square-headed clearstory
windows, each of three lights with rounded heads,
The aisles have lean-to roofs and wood and plaster
ceilings, lighted by a double row of square-headed
windows of three and four lights, the walls apparently
having been raised and the upper windows intro-

INDEX MAP
to the

PARISH

6 The date 1510 is inscribed on one of the roof timbers ; Raines, Lanes.

2

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

duced to light the galleries. The galleries were put
up in 1849 and removed in 1884. The aisles extend
the length of the nave, but the north aisle now ter-
minates at the east with an open arch to the new
organ chamber. There is an ancient piscina in the
south-east corner, and a good pointed doorway of 14th-
century date at the west end of the north wall opposite
the first bay. This doorway, however, seems to have
been originally on the west side of the tower and to
have been removed to its present position when the
new western tower entrance was constructed. The
south aisle has a five-light transomed window under a
flat-pointed arch at its east end. The south porch is
modern.

The tower, the ground floor of which is used as
a vestry, has walls 4 ft. thick and opens to the
nave by a pointed arch, above which, within the
line of the old roof, is a doorway 4 ft. 6 in. high and
2 ft. wide. The ringing chamber above is gained by
a ladder, there being no vice, and the upper part of
the arch is filled by a glazed screen. Externally the
tower is very plain, with diagonal buttresses and a new
west doorway and a window above. There is a clock
in the south side, and the upper stage on each face has
a square-headed two-light louvred belfry window, the
lights with trefoiled heads. The tower finishes with
an embattled parapet and angle pinnacles.

The fittings are mostly modern, but there is a good
1 6th-century black oak pulpit with back and canopy,
the renaissance detail of which is rather elaborate.6
The interior of the church is plastered and painted,
the walls of the chancel and nave having a series of
figures of great English churchmen, principally leaders
of the Protestant Reformation. In a glass case at the
end of the nave are preserved the works of Bishop
Jewell and other 16th-century Protestant books.

The churchyard is very extensive and lies on the
north, east, and south sides of the building, being
entered from the road on the south through a stone
lych-gate erected in 1903. It has been extended at
different times, the last extensions being in 1876 and
1893. The ancient yew tree on the south side is
now dead, but the trunk and branches remain with a
picturesque covering of ivy. On the same side is the
base of a stone cross which formerly stood in Junction
Road, before which it is stated that George Marsh
spent a night in prayer before he gave himself up at
Smithills. A new shaft has been erected on the old
base with an inscription recounting the tradition.63

There is also a pedestal sundial on an octagon shaft
with the name of the maker (W. Leigh, Newton) and
the latitude and longitude. In the churchyard there
were formerly effigies of a knight and a lady, but these
have disappeared.7

There is a ring of six bells, rehung in 1873.

The plate consists of a chalice of 1607 ; a chalice
of 1655, incribed 'The guift of Mr. John Aynsworth
unto the Parish Church of Deane in Lancasheire in
the yeare of our Lord, 1655 '; a cover paten of the
same year, inscribed ' The guift of Mrs. Judeth
Hulton unto the Parish Church of Deane in Lan-
casheire in the yeare of our Lord, 1655,' and with
the arms of Hulton of Hulton ; a credence paten of
1729, inscribed ' Ex donatione Annae Kenyon Viduae
Georgii Kenyon, nuper de Peel in Com. Lane.
Armigeri 1729,' with the arms of Kenyon impaling
Egerton in a lozenge, and the mark of William
Atkinson ; two patens of 1782, with the mark of
Daniel Smith and Robert Sharpe73; two small flagons
of 1 80 1, inscribed 'Presented ist January 1828 to
the Parish Church of Dean, by Jane Daughter of
Peter Brooke, Esqre. of Mere Hall, Cheshire, and
Relict of William Hulton, Esqre. of Hulton Park,
who Died 24th June 1800'; a credence paten of
1846, given by the parish in that year ; and a paten
of 1901, Birmingham make, inscribed 'The gift of
Mrs. Elizabeth Marsh unto the Parish Church of
Dean, in Lanes., on the Coronation of Ed. VII,
June 26, 1902.'

The registers begin in 1637, but there are earlier
transcripts at Chester.

Although St. Mary's, Deane, is
dDPOWSON mentioned in 13th-century deeds,
and its chaplain described as ' parson,'8
it was not until 1541 that an independent parish was
assigned to it. Until that year the chaplain had been
nominated by the vicar of Eccles, within whose parish
Deane was included, and had received from him £4
a year as stipend.9 Henry VIII, having after the
suppression of Whalley Abbey constituted Deane a
parish by letters patent, assumed the patronage, which
till recently remained in the Crown, the vicar being
appointed by the Lord Chancellor. The present
patrons are Simeon's Trustees, by purchase in 1877.'°

Inquiries made in 1546 and 1549 showed that
apart from the glebe the vicar had no fixed income
beyond the £4 paid by the vicar of Eccles.11

In 1650 the vicar of Deane received, besides an

6 The reredos and organ fronts were
designed by the present vicar (Rev. H. S.
Patterson), and the screen under the tower
arch was made in the vicarage by village
talent.

6a Marsh's known doctrinal standpoint
is adverse to the 'tradition.'

' Glynne, Lanes. Churches, 95-6.

"a These are not ecclesiastical plate,
being really salvers or waiters on three-
fhaped feet.

8 ' Thomas, persona de la Dene,' at-
tested a Great Lever deed, in favour of
Siward son of Robert the chaplain of
Deane ; Lever Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103),
no. i. Waldeve was another of the early
chaplains — ' capellano de valle Sancte
Marie ' ; Hulton Evidences, 3.

Thomas de Perpoint granted to the
monks of Stanlaw, holders of the church
of Eccles, all his land by the chapel of
St. Mary, Deane, the boundaries given
showing the land to be the glebe land of

the church ; viz. from the chapel ceme-
tery on the west side as far as the Kirk
Brook, then by the Muckle Brook to the
ditch, and by a hedge to the east side of
the cemetery. This grant was confirmed
by Robert Grelley, lord of Manchester, in
1276; Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.), i,
6o-2.

Farnworth in the parish of the Deane
is so described in a charter of 1292 ;
Lever Chartul. no. 52.

Piers Crompton and Thomas Street
were ' parish priests ' of Deane at dif-
ferent times between 1505 and 1522 ;
Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 104, 107.

9 The vicar of Deane in 1544 claimed
the pension of £4 a year, which the vicar
of Eccles refused to pay on the ground
that Deane having been made an inde-
pendent parish he had no responsibility
for it and received no dues from it. The
appointment of a separate chaplain for

Deane was referred back to an ordinance
by the Bishop of Lichfield in 1277. The
letters patent of Henry VIII ordered that
the vicar of the new parish ' should have
the cure of souls, say mass, and administer
the sacraments, and bear all the charges
belonging to the said vicarage, provided
always that the said vicar should not
receive of the king any higher stipend
than the late chaplain had' ; ibid, ii,
197-9.

10 The advowson was sold by the Lord
Chancellor under the Act 26 & 27 Viet,
cap. 1 20, known as the Lord Chancellor's
Augmentation Act ; information of Messrs.
Sandilands & Co., solicitors to Simeon's
Trustees.

11 Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 234. In
the inquiry of 1546 the value of the
glebe was stated as 1 31. \d., and it was
said that the £4 was paid by the farmer
of the tithes ; this was corrected in the
later inquiry.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

old stipend of j£lo,lla a share of the rectorial tithes,
sequestered from a * delinquent,' Mr. Anderton of
Lostock.12 Bishop Gastrell recorded the income as
£18 1 9/., of which £5 was from surplice fees and
£10 was paid by the impropriator of the tithes;

The following is a list of the vicars : —

20

Institution

Feb. 1541-2
oc. 1563 . .

15 Oct. 1575 .
31 Mar. 1593

- 1597 . . .
i Mar. 1636-7 .
Aug. 1643. . .
19 Nov. 1662

2 June 1663
22 Nov. 1673

4 Dec. 1673
13 Jan. 1712-3 .
29 May 1767
13 June 1776

16 April 1818 .

6 Feb. 1830 .

7 April 1855 .
May 1868 .

7 April 1877 .

Name

William Rothwell 16 .

Richard Ormishaw K .

David Dee, M.A. IS .

Lancelot Clegge 19 . .

James Pendlebury10 .
Richard Hardy, M.A."
John Tilsley, M.A. »

I John Angier, M.A. n .

[Richard Hatton14 . .

James Rothwell, B.A. K
Thomas Withnell, M.A.

but in 1714 money and lands to the value of £700
were given in augmentation.13 The value of the
benefice is now stated as £400 a year."

In 1724 there were eleven churchwardens, each
hamlet choosing one by house-row.15

Patron Cause of Vacancy

King d. last inc.

Queen d. last inc.

King

King

. . . Queen d. R. Hatton

. . . King d. J. Rothwell

Robert Lathom, M.A. " , ...:.. d. last inc.

Thomas Brocklebank l8 . . . . „ d. R. Lathom

Edward Girdlestone, M.A. w . . „ res. T. Brocklebank

Francis Henry Thicknesse, D.D. so . Queen res. E. Girdlestone

William Bashall, M.A. S1 . . . . „ res. F. H. Thicknesse

Henry Sheridan Patterson M . . . Simeon's Trustees . . . res. W. Bashall

lla It does not seem to be known when
this £10 was granted by the tithe owner.

12 Commoniv. Cb. Stint. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 37. The remainder
of the parochial tithes was divided among
the chapelries.

In 1723 Sir Lawrence Anderton sold to
Francis Loggin (Colston) the rectory (i.e.
the tithes, &c.) ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 289, m. 93. Francis Coulston sold
it to James Edge in 1734; Piccope MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), iii, 250 (from Roll 5, Geo. II
at Preston); and in 1735 Ralph Banks pur-
chased it from James Edge ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 313, m. 39. By 1782 a
moiety seems to have been acquired by the
Kenyons ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 635, m. 2.

18 Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 37, 38.
The augmentation consisted of £107 in
money and a house and lands worth £420,
held for that or other charitable use at the
discretion of the trustees ; £200 was added
by Queen Anne's Bounty.

Giles Marsh, by his will of 1615, left
£10 towards the procuring of a yearly
stipend for the curate at the Deane
Church, for a school; Harl. MS. 2176,
fol. 32.

14 Munch. Dioc. Dir.

15 Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 39.

16 Act Bks. at Chester. Paid first-
fruits 28 June 1542; Lanes, and Ches.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
408. William Rothwell was one of the
king's chaplains ; Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.),
28. He was still vicar in 1552 ; ibid.

*' Nothing is known of the clergy at
Deane between 1552 and 1563, when
Richard Ormishaw's name is recorded in
the visitation list. A Richard Ormishaw,
vicar of Acton in Cheshire, died 1559.

18 The Church P. at Chester Dioc.
Reg. begin here. The surname is other-
wise given as Dewhurst. He was ' no
preacher* in 1590; S.P. Dom. Eliz.
xxxi, 47. 19 Church Papers.

20 In 1 60 1 he was charged with drunken-
ness, fornication, and other offences ; he
was in addition ' suspected not to be of
sound religion ' ; Visit. P. at Chester.

About 1612 he was described as 'a lewd
(i.e. unlearned) minister, neither preacher
himself, nor will suffer any other to
preach ' ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App.
iv, 12. Nothing is said of any chapelries.

He contributed 131. 4</. to a subsidy in
1622, the lecturer (or curate), Mr. Hor-
rocks, paying £3 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 66.

81 The institutions from 1636 to 1776
are taken from the Inst. Bks. P.R.O. as
printed in Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Notes.

Richard Hardy signed the Protestation
early in 1642 but is said to have been
expelled as a Royalist.

22 Educated at Edinburgh, laureated
1637 ; a minister at Deane under Alex-
ander Horrocks of Westhoughton in 1641 5
married Margaret daughter of Ralph
Chetham and niece of Humphrey Chet-
ham ; showed himself a zealous and in-
tolerant Presbyterian on the outbreak of
the Civil War ; promoted to the vicarage
of Deane in August 1643 ; signed the
'Harmonious Consent,' 1648; described
as ' a painful, godly, preaching minister '
in 1650, about which time he, like many
other Presbyterians, refused to take the
engagement and suffered a temporary loss
of his benefice. He assisted in the forma-
tion of the Chetham Library, having been
nominated a trustee by the founder.
Ejected from the vicarage in 1662, he was
allowed to reside in the house, and with
the goodwill of the new vicar and the
tolerance of Bishop Wilkins afterwards
preached in Deane Church, as the
'lecturer,' until Bishop Pearson silenced
him in 1673. After this he retired to
Manchester, where he died in Dec.
1684. From a full account by J. E.
Bailey in Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Notes, i,
191, 205 ; ii, 102 ; see also Diet. Nat.
Biog.) ; will in ffills (Chet. Soc. new ser.),
i, 169.

28 Only son of the celebrated John
Angier of Denton (see Diet. Nat. Biog.] ;
born 1629 ; sent to Emmanuel College,
Cambridge, and being (as it is supposed)
expelled, went to New England, graduat-

ing M.A. at Harvard in 1655. Return-
ing to England he was ordained in 1657
and placed at Ringley. Conforming he
was made vicar of Deane in 1663, where
it is supposed he stayed till his death ;
Manch. Classis (Chet. Soc.), 408-10.

24 This vicar seems to have been a
Presbyterian at heart ; the second institu-
tion was necessary because he had not re-
nounced the Covenant. He connived at
the occupation of Horwich Chapel by
a Nonconformist ; Notitia Cestr. (Chet.
Soc.) ii, 42, 43 ; Ch. P. at Chester. He
was, of course, 'conformable' in 1689;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 229.
His will was proved at Chester, 1712.

25 Son of Ralph Rothwell of Bolton ;
educated at Brasenose College, Oxford ;
B.A. 1711 ; Foster, Alumni Oxon. He
purchased the advowson of Sefton, to
which his son and grandson succeeded.
He died 1 6 May 1766.

26 Educated at Brasenose College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1755; Foster, Alumni;
Manch. Sch. Reg. (Chet. Soc.), i, 31. His
presentation is dated 2 June 1766.

27 Son of Nicholas Lathom of Wigan ;
educated at Brasenose College, Oxford ;
M.A. 17763 Foster, Alumni.

28 He had been curate of Bradshaw.

89 Educated at Balliol College, Oxford ;
M.A. 1829. In 1854 he was appointed
residentiary canon of Bristol, and resigned
Deane. He was beneficed in the west of
England, and distinguished himself by
his interest in the condition of the agri-
cultural labourers. He died at Bristol in
1884; see Diet. Nat. Biog.; Baines,
Lanes, (ed. Croston), iii, 131.

80 Educated at Brasenose College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1854; hon. canon of Man-
chester 1863 ; vicar of Brackley 1868 ;
Bishop of Leicester (suffragan of Peter-
borough), 1888.

81 Educated at St. John's College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1855 ; left Deane to be curate
at St. Barnabas's, Kensington.

32 Educated at the Church Missionary
College, Islington, and served in India
1862-6 ; rector of Bartlow, 1872-7.

p
a

u

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

There does not seem to have been any regularly
founded chantry at Deane, but in 1522 Richard
Heaton stated that he had caused an aisle to be built
in the church, which he calls a * parish church,' and
paid most of the charge ; and had, in addition,
* edified a chapel of timber ' in the aisle, wherein was
an altar, with images of the Holy Trinity and
St. Anne.31 In 1552 Lambert Heaton claimed a
chalice and suit of mass vestments in Deane Church
as heirlooms.34

The Clergy List of 1541-2 shows that there were,
in addition to the vicar, two priests whose stipends
were paid by two of the squires ; 35 there were pro-
bably at least two more attached to the chapels at
Westhoughton and Horwich, for in 1548 the vicar
and six others were recorded in the bishop's visitation
list. There is no entry in 1554. The staff had
dwindled to three by I56336 — the vicar and the
curates of the two chapels ; and two years later one of
the curates had gone, the vicar, Richard Ormishaw,
and the curate of Horwich, Peter Makinson, being
those recorded.37 In 1592 it was reported that the
curate did not catechize, and that the annual per-
ambulations were neglected.38

In the I yth century some improvement was
effected, but the normal staff does not seem to have
risen above three, even under the Commonwealth.39
From the account of the vicars it will be seen that
clergy and people were of the Puritan school, one of
the chapels after the Restoration being held by Non-
conformists for many years. Here, as elsewhere in
South Lancashire, the growth of the population has
led in recent times to the erection of many new
churches and the subdivision of the parish.

Reports on the charities of Deane
CHARITIES have been made m 1828 and I9O2.40
For the whole parish there is a small
endowment supposed to be part of a greater sum ; the
interest has been added to the church poor's money.41
Farnworth shares in several charities.41 Kearsley also
shares some.43 A special benefaction for Little Hulton
has been lost.44 The poor of Horwich receive £84
from the legacy of Joseph Ridgway, and there are
some other charities.45 For Westhoughton there are
no endowments for the poor.46 Middle Hulton has a
share in two Worsley gifts.47 Rumworth receives £60
a. year from a farm given by Ralph and James Cromp-
ton.48

83 Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.) i, in. Certain evildoers had
entered the church by night and destroyed
the timber work of his chapel. John
Hulton of Farnworth in 1486 bequeathed
20 marks to the building of a north aisle,
and a missal for the use of the chapel
there to be ' bygget ' ; Wills (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 23.

M Ch. Gds. 27.

84 Clergy List (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 13.

86 John Heaton in 1559 was in danger
of losing house and goods for taking away
a mass book from the curate of Deane
* since the Queen's Majesty's proceedings ';
all the books were burned ; Ch. Gds. 30,
quoting S.P. Dom. Eliz. x, 286, &c.

87 From the Visit. Lists at Chester.
The list of ornaments in Cb. Gds. 26, 27,
shows that the church was well supplied,
there remaining in 1552 eight sets of
vestments ; others had disappeared. There
were also ' sixteen pieces of old linen used
about the sepulchre.'

88 Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Soc. xix, 60.
Sir Gilbert Gerard, farmer of the bene-
fice, did not provide quarterly sermons.

89 The ' lecturer ' at Deane was also
curate of Westhoughton.

40 For the later inquiry there are two
reports — one for the part of the ancient
parish now within the borough of Bolton,
and the other for the remainder.

41 Deane was entitled to a share of £500
bequeathed by John Guest, for Bury and
other places. This is supposed to have
been represented by ,£63, which in 1786
was in the hands of John and James Edge
of Moss, who paid £3 31. as interest.
About 1 8 1 8 payment ceased on the death
of the last of that branch of the family, but
the vicar of Deane afterwards succeeded
in recovering £100 from its representa-
tives for principal and interest. This was
invested in a plot of land and a house, the
rent of which was for a long time £9 a
year. Owing to disputes as to the exact
area of the site, and the dilapidation of
the building, the income has declined.

A sum of money formerly producing £4
a year had been lost before 1828.

48 George Seddon in 1664 left ,£100
for the poor of Farnworth and Kearsley,

to be spent on linen and woollen cloth.
The overseers of the townships now receive
£z los. a year, which is distributed in
doles of cloth.

Farnworth, Little Hulton, Middle Hul-
ton, and Westhoughton participate in the
£1,100 memorial fund raised to comme-
morate the Hon. Algernon Egerton ; the
interest is given towards scholarships.

43 See last note. Kearsley also shares
in the charities of William Baguley,
founded in 1728 ; the income is distri-
buted in doles of calico, &c. Jonathan
Greenhalgh gave £20 to build a culvert,
on condition that the township should
give £i a year to the poor in linen cloth.
This was still in operation in 1828, but
had ceased long before 1862. Anne Cross
in 1814 left £200, the interest of which
was to be divided yearly among ten aged
and infirm poor men and women. The
capital is now represented by £193 con-
sols. The interest is distributed accord-
ing to the testator's wishes.

44 About 1828 there was a rent-charge
of £i, which had been paid for forty
years at least for the poor from some un-
known source. The payment was after-
wards discontinued, apparently on the
death of a trustee. The trustees of the
charity of Adam Mort of Astley used to
give us. a year to the poor of Little
Hulton, but this was judged irregular and
discontinued.

45 Joseph Ridgway, by his will of 1841,
left about £15,000 for charitable uses in
Horwich and a large sum for a school in
Bolton. The sum apportioned to the poor
is distributed in articles of clothing or
bedding, the average value of the dole
being 71.

Richard Pilkington in 1786 left £50,
and — Morris left £15 for the poor of
Horwich. In 1828 it was found that
the trustees had built a cottage on Kit-
field with the money, and the rent, £5 101.,
was distributed in linen cloth. The gross
rent is now over £7 a year, and is distri-
buted every few years in doles of calico,
&c., preference being given to poor persons
attending the New Chapel. Robert
Greenhalgh in 1807 left two cottages
partly for the minister of this chapel and
partly for the poor ; the latter portion of

the income now amounts to £9 131. a
year, and is distributed periodically in
calico, &c. The benefactor desired a
preference to be given to those attending
the chapel.

From the estate of Richard Shaw, who
died 'm 1897, a net sum of £185 has
been received by the trustees of Lee
Congregational Chapel for the benefit of
the poor ; the interest is given in food and
clothing.

In 1802 Thomas Schofield conveyed a
piece of land for the benefit of the land-
owners of the township. He is ' believed
to have been a defaulting overseer, and to
have given this land in payment of a debt
of £79 due to the parish.' The Lee Mill
has been built upon the land, for which a
rent of £6 zs. %d. is paid. At one time
this money was distributed among the
poor ; then it was allowed to accumulate
for many years, and has been applied to
the provision of a free library.

4S In 1828 £3 was paid by the over-
seers out of the rates, and distributed to
the poor in doles of linen cloth, in respect
of a gift by Ann Rycroft and — France,
which was supposed to have been used for
the repair of the workhouse. The work-
house was sold, and the payment of the
£3 ceased, there being no proof of the
advance of charity money towards it.

47 The Algernon Egerton Memorial Fund
has been mentioned. The other is the
charity of Dame Dorothy Legh, who in
1656 gave money for the minister of
Ellenbrook Chapel and the poor of Wors-
ley and Middle Hulton. A place called
Common Head in Tyldesley was pur-
chased, and in 1828, according to old
custom, a quarter of the rent was reserved
for the poor, one-third of the sum (about
£5 IOJ.) being given to the overseer of
Middle Hulton, who distributed it at his
discretion. The share for this township
is still one-twelfth, but now amounts to
£30 a year. Doles of blankets, &c., to
the value of 51. or ioj. are distributed.

43 Ralph Crompton, M.D., by his will
of 1623, and James Crompton his brother
in 1636 left a sum which with interest
amounted to £442 by 1653, chiefly for
the school at Deane, but in part for the
poor. In 1828 the estate appropriated to

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

RUMWORTH

Rumh worth, 1242 ; Rumworth, 1278 ; Rum-
\vrth, 1292 ; Romeworthe, 1346.

Rumworth is the central township, and contains the
parish church. It measures about 2^ miles from east
to west, but the average breadth is a little over a mile ;
the area is 1,244 acres. The River Croal forms the
northern boundary, and from it the surface rises to
the south. In the western part of the township is the
reservoir called Rumworth Lodge.

The main road is that from Bolton to Wigan,
passing by Deane Church ; to the east is that from
Bolton to Tyldesley, on which is the hamlet or suburb
of Daubhill. The London and North Western
Company's line from Bolton to Kenyon crosses the
eastern end, with a station called Rumworth and
Daubhill.

In 1901 the population of Rumworth and Middle
Hulton was 14,053.

Agriculture is still an important industry ; there are
collieries ; and cotton manufactures and bleach works
are carried on.

The Bolton Industrial School is in Rumworth.

Part of the township was incorporated with Bolton
in 1872 ; the remainder was added in 1898.

RUMWORTH was in 1212 joined
M4NOR with Lostock in Bolton as the third part
of a knight's fee, held of the lords of
Manchester.1 In later times the Andertons of Lostock
claimed a manor in Rumworth,* but the Hultons of
Hulton and Farnworth were usually said to hold the
third part of a fee in Rumworth and Lostock, per-
forming suit of court and rendering for sake fee 4*. 6</.,
for ward of Lancaster Castle 3/. 6d., and puture of
the serjeant and foresters.3 The last-named service
was commuted into payments of zSs. and i6s. re-

spectively from the fourteen oxgangs of land in Rum-
worth, and the eight oxgangs of Lostock.4

With Farnworth the manor of Rumworth was pur-
chased by the Hultons of Over Hulton, and has
descended in this family.5 Sir Charles Tempest, the
heir of the Andertons, had a large estate in the town-
ship.

The local surname occurs,6 but nothing is known of
the family.

The Hospital of the Savoy had a rent-charge of
5 marks out of the manor of Rumworth.7

The contributors to the land tax in 1789 were
Henry Blundell, who paid nearly five-sixths, — Black-
burne, and William Hulton.8

The inclosure award is preserved at Preston.

The parish church of Deane has been described
above. St. George the Martyr's, Daubhill, was built
in 1880 ; the patronage is vested in trustees.9

The school at Deane was endowed in 1636 ; it
probably existed already.

HORWICH

Harewych, 1277 ; Horewyche, 1327.

The township of Horwich has an area of 3,254^-
acres,1 and measures about 3 miles from north to
south, by 2 miles across. The highest point, 1,475 ft.,
is in the extreme north ; from this the ground slopes
downward to the south, but most rapidly to the west,
where about 3 50 ft. is reached. Along the south-
western border the Coal Measures occur, on Wilders
and Horwich Moors the Millstone Grit, and in the
intermediate slopes the Gannister Beds or Lower Coal
Measures.

A little to the south of the Rivington Reservoirs
lies the town of Horwich, built at the junction of two

the latter service was a copyhold farm
(Bannister's) in Tottington Lower End,
let at £38 a year, which sum was distri-
buted in gifts of money from lot. to 2os.
each. The rent has increased to £60 a
year, and is now distributed in doles of
blankets, sheets, and flannel of the value
of js. each.

John Laithwaite in 1728 left £10 for
a bread charity. For some time IQJ. a
year, afterwards increased to 2OJ., was
given in bread out of the rents of the
Crompton Charity, it being understood
that the capital had been expended in
improvements of that estate. The special
payments for bread had ceased by 1828, it
being thought better to use the rent other-
wise.

1 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 5 5. The heirs of Thomas de
Pierpoint then held them, and Richard de
Pierpointin 1242 ; ibid. 154. Rumworth
and Lostock together had three plough-
lands.

a See for instance Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 156, m. 174, relating to a settle-
ment in 1654. The Andertons' title was
derived from the Athertons of Atherton,
who had lands in the township, held (with
Lostock, &c.) by a rent of nd^ but do
not appear to have claimed a manor ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 39 ; viii,
40.

Richard son of Thomas de Pierpoint
was defendant to a claim for a tenement
in Rumworth in 1276 ; Assize R. 1238,
m. 31. In 1 282 and 1302 William son of
William de Anderton and Almaria his

wife held Rumworth [and Lostock] for
the third part of a knight's fee ; Lanes. Inq.
and Extents, i, 248, 314. In 1292 William
de Anderton and Almarica his wife were
defendants jointly with John de Bradshaw
and Cecily his wife, in a claim put forward
by Robert de Sunderland respecting land
and a share of the waste in Rumworth ;
Almarica was the daughter and heir of
Thomas de Pierpoint, while Cecily had
dower ; Assize R. 408, m. 9.

The Athertons' holding in Lostock and
Rumworth was the subject of disputes in
1337 and 1347 ; ibid. 1424, m. 8 ; 1435,
m. 1 8.

8 The title of the Hultons appears to
have been derived from a purchase made
by Richard de Hulton in 1310, Almarica
or Ameria, widow of William de Anderton,
selling the manor ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 4.

The details in the text are from the
survey of 1320, Richard de Hulton being
tenant ; Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), 288,
341. In 1331 Richard de Hulton claimed
certain tenements in Rumworth from
John la Warre and Joan his wife, but did
not proceed ; Assize R. 1404, m. 27.

John de Hulton, of Manchester and of
Farnworth, received lands in Rumworth
from Richard de Hulton, who made a
division of his estates about 13 34; ibid.
1435, m- 4°- In 1346 the heirs of
John son of Henry de Hulton were re-
turned asholdingthe third part of a fee in
Rumworth and Lostock which the Pier-
points had formerly held ; Feod. of 20 Edw.
Ill in Harl. MS. 2042, fol. 181. In 1473

John Hulton held the lordship of Rum-
worth by the ancient services, rendering
for sake fee 31., and for castle ward
2J. 4</. — two-thirds of the earlier pay-
ments; Mamecestre, 480, 496. The manor
remained with the Farnworth branch of
the family till the middle of the I7th
century. Thus William Hulton of Farn-
worth was in 1556 found to have held it
of the lord of Manchester by the third
part of a knight's fee and the rent of
4*. 6d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, 32 ;
see also Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 470. The manors of
Farnworth and Rumworth were subjects
of fines in 1658 and 1659 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 163, m. 67 ; 164, m. 52.

4 Extent of 1322 in Mamecestre, 377,
401 ; the remaining two oxgangs in Rum-
worth must have been the glebe of Deane
Chapel.

5 The manor of Rumworth is expressly
included with Over Hulton in a settle-
ment of 1738 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 321, m. 3.

6 In 1292 Ellen, widow of Richard de
Lostock, alleged that Mabel, wife of
Henry de Rumworth, was keeping two
charters from her; Assize R. 408, m. 13.
Richard son of Henry de Rumworth had
lund in Middleton near Bury in 1317;
Final Cone, ii, 22.

"' Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 30.

8 Land tax returns at Preston.

9 For a legacy to it see End. Charities
Rep. (Bolton Borough) for 1904, p. 129.

1 3,257, including 39 of inland water ;
Census Rep. 1901.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

roads from Bolton, which are the principal ones tra-
versing the township. To the south-east of the town
are the great locomotive works of the Lancashire and
Yorkshire Railway Company, the main industry of
the place. The company has a short branch from
the Bolton and Preston line, with a terminus at
Horwich, opened in 1870. There is an electric
tramway to Bolton. The Thirlmere aqueduct passes
through the township.

To the hearth tax of 1666 the largest house con-
tributing was that of Thomas Anderton, with six
hearths ; the total number was seventy-six.*

The population in 1901 numbered 15,084.

Great bleach works and cotton mills have long been
carried on here, also calico printing. There are fire-
brick and tile works, important stone quarries, and
several collieries. The northern part of the township
is moorland ; the chief crop is grass.

A local board was formed in 1872 ;3 this in 1894
became an urban district council, the township being
divided into four wards, each returning three mem-
bers. The meetings are held in the Public Hall,
built in 1878. The Railway Mechanics' Institute
was built in 1887-8.

There is a weekly newspaper.

The moor was inclosed in i8i5-i8.4 The Hor-
wich race meetings lasted from 1837 to 1847.* Pace-
eggs used to be collected by the children on the
Sunday before Easter.6

The two pyramidal cairns called the Two Lads are
variously supposed to mark the resting-places of two
sons of early kings, or of two boys who lost their way
on the moor and died of exposure.7

HQRW1CH was the forest or chase of
MJNOR the barons of Manchester,8 by whom it
had been afforested perhaps as early as the
reign of Henry I. Hence it first appears in the re-
cords as the scene of poaching raids, headed some-
times, it would appear, by neighbouring gentry.9
Various surveys have been preserved,10 that of 1322
being very full. It states that in Horwich there were
sixteen plots of pasture, not measured because of their
extent in wood and open ground, and two of these
plots made a vaccary or booth. After describing the
eight vaccaries, the extent proceeds : ' The wood of
Horwich contains a circuit of sixteen leagues, and is
yearly worth in pannage, aeries of eagles, herons and
goshawks, in honey, millstones, and iron mines, in
charcoal-burning, and the like issues, 6os. ; of which
the vesture in oaks, elms, and wholly covered with
such, 1 60 marks. The said wood is so thoroughly
several that no one may enter there without licence,
and of every beast found there without licence the
owner shall give for that trespass 6</., by fixed cus-
tom.' "

In course of time the woods were cleared and Hor-
wich became an ordinary agricultural township ; but
the survey of 1473 gives only four tenants' holdings.18

3 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.
8 Land. Gaz. 20 Aug. 1872.

4 Hampson, Harwich, 191 ; by Act of
55 Geo. Ill, cap. 31 (private).

5 Hampson, op. cit. 229-35.

6 Ibid. 239.

7 Ibid. 36, 37. On pp. 67-70 is related
the story of a ghost-laying exploit of the
Rev. S. Johnson, curate of Horwich.

8 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xix, 1 7.

9 In 1 246 John de Blackburn gave a
mark for licence to concord with Thomas
Grelley in a plea ' as to why they chased
in his forest ' ; Richard de Ollerton and
Henry de Whalley also giving a mark for
a similar licence. The three acknow-
ledged that they had no right to chase in
the forest of Horwich, and that in future
neither they nor their heirs should chase
therein without the leave of Thomas
Grelley and his heirs ; Assize R. 404,
m. 8.

Eight years afterwards a number of men,
with dogs, bows, and cross-bows, entered
Thomas Grelley's parks in Manchester
and his forest of Horwich and took and
carried off the wild animals therein ; like-
wise seizing the forester and abducting
him ; Lanes. Inj. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 193.

Again in 1277 Robert Grelley pro-
secuted Martin de Rumworth and Robert
son of Robert de Leigh for carrying off
the deer of Horwich Wood ; De Banco
R. 21, m. 57 d.

A century later Sir John La Warre
impleaded Nicholas de Worthington and
others for cutting down trees and breaking
closes at Horwich ; ibid. 459, m. 38,
10 d. ; 463, m. 6.

10 A brief extent of 1282 is printed in
I<ancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 247 ; there were
then eight vaccaries, worth £19 yearly ;
pannage and the eyries of sparrow-hawks
were worth 40*. There wete three
foresters.

In 1322 it was stated that these three
foresters gave to the lord for their

bailiwick, one year with another, £4.
They answered to the lord for all agist-
ments and trespasses, pannage, honey, vert
and venison, &c. They were sustained
by the townships lying adjacent to the
forest ; this being charged on Lostock as
8 oxgangs of land ; Rumworth, 14 ; Hea-
ton, 4 ; Halliwell, 3 ; Sharpies, 4 ; Long-
worth, 2 ; and Anderton, 7 ; the total
being (inaccurately) given as 40 oxgangs.
At the hawks' nesting time the people of
these townships, being warned by the
foresters, gathered at Horwich Lee, and,
after being sworn, were sent through the
forest to see what nests had been made ;
from this time until St. Barnabas the
foresters themselves had to keep watch in
the forest day and night. When the
young hawks were hatched the villagers
were again sent through the forest to
collect the nestlings, which they had to
deliver to the foresters or bailiffs of the
lord ; see Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), 376,

377-

11 Ibid. 366, &c.

The eight vaccaries are thus described: —

1. Aquous Booth Lee (wood) and Little
Hordern (moor), together with 531.4^. a
year, furnished also ten carts of hay ;

2. Ridley (wood) and Sharpen Lee
(moor), 6oj. and twelve loads of hay ;

3. Calverley (wood) and Wild Boars
Clough or Great Hordern (moor), 53*. 4^.5

4. Wilderhurst (wood) and Brodned
(moor), 66s. %d. and twelve loads of hay ;

5. Lestold (meadow and pasture), 6oj.
and twenty loads ;

6. Hardersollins (moor) ;

7. Horwich Lee (wood) and Egberden
or Haghead (moor), 66s. 8J. and one load
of hay ;

8. Oaken Lee (wood) and Egberden or
Withinrod (moor), 66s. 8</. and twenty
loads.

In 1430 Lord La Warre granted to
feoffees lands called Oaken Lee Wood,
Wilderswood, Calverley Wood, &c., with
all oaks growing at Horwich Lee, at a

rent of 26^ marks ; Anderton of Lostock
Evidences (Mr. Stonor), no. 2.

A traditional story of the vengeance of
a band of foresters and outlaws, the wife
and three children of the lord being mur-
dered by them, is told in Hampson's
Harwich, 18-21.

12 Mamecestre, 484; viz. : — Ralph Rad-
cliffe, holding a pasture at the rent of
,£8 1 6s. So1.; Edward Greenhalgh, four
messuages in Horwich Lee at ^3 131.4^.5
Edward Hulme, six messuages in Oaken
Lee at £10 41. id. ; and William Heaton,
three messuages at Ridley Wood at zos.

In 1425 the feoffees restored to James
son of Geoffrey Greenhalgh a messuage
with the lands adjacent, called Horwich
Lee Wood, within bounds beginning near
the Roodgate, by the division between the
wood and the moor, as far as the head of
the Clough between the Strinds and
Ridley Head ; by the Clough to Olton
Brook to boundary stones between Los-
tock and Horwich Lee Wood ; by these
stones and others between Blackrod and
the same wood to the stones between the
wood and Oaken Lee Wood, and so to the
starting point ; Anderton Evidences, no. i.

In the reign of Henry VIII disputes
arose between Richard Heaton and Bryan
Heaton concerning Ridley Wood and
Park Wood, Bryan claiming by a grant
from his brother William son and heir of
Richard Heaton, deceased. The bounds
of Ridley Wood began at the head of the
Clough between the Strinds and Ridley
Head, went down the Clough to Holton
Brook to the bounds of Lostock, by these
to the water of Yaresworth, up this to
Greenwall Syke and so to a paling between
Ridley Head and Horwich Moor. The
evidences produced showed that the land
had been granted originally by the ances-
tors of Lord La Warre ; Duchy Plead.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 121 ; ii,
219.

For some other disputes see Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 130, 189, 183.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Among the tenants were the Heatons of Heaton and
other neighbouring families.13 In the Subsidy Lists
of 1541 " and 1622" no landowners are named in
Horwich.

At the Court Leet of Manchester in 1598 the
constables of Horwich presented a number of persons
for tithing men.16

The Andertons of Lostock, successors of the Heatons,
acquired the manor of Horwich and held it in the
1 7th century and onwards.17 Henry Blundell was
the chief landowner in lj8S.lB The minor family of
Anderton of Horwich sprang from Thomas Anderton,
a younger brother of Christopher Anderton of Los-
tock (1592), who settled in this township. His son
Lawrence, who became a Jesuit, was the author of
the famous hymn, ' Jerusalem, my happy home,' and,
under the alias of John Brereley, of various controver-
sial works, such as The Protestant's Apology for the Roman
Church, printed at the secret press at Lostock.19 Law-
rence's brother Christopher was prothonotary of the
common pleas at Lancaster by patent dated 1607.
Administration of the goods of Thomas Anderton of
Horwich, apparently son of Christopher, was granted
in 1 669 to his brother William. The horrible death
of this William (Dr. Anderton of Wigan) is described
by Oliver Heywood (Diaries, iii, 211). His will was
proved in 1675 ; his executors were to bring up his
son Thomas, aged eight, in the * knowledge of the
true Catholic church.' The guardianship was en-
trusted to Anne Anderton, widow (grandmother),
and Anne Tootell (aunt).

Thomas Willoughby, a descendant of the second
Lord Willoughby of Parham, married Eleanor daugh-
ter of Hugh Whittle of Horwich, and lived at Shaw
Place in Charnock. Being erroneously supposed to be
the heir male he was summoned to Parliament as
Lord Willoughby of Parham. He died in 1692, and
was buried at Horwich. His son, two grandsons, and
a great-grandson followed him in the title. They
were Presbyterians. The last of them, Hugh Wil-

loughby, enjoyed the title from 1715 to 1765; he
was president of the Society of Antiquaries in 1754.*°

In 1322-3 the herbage of the wood called Le
Twecheles, now Twitchills, could not be agisted,
through the deficiency of cattle in the district, owing
to the Scottish raid at midsummer, 1322."

Among those whose estates were sequestrated for
* delinquency ' by the Parliament in the time of the
Civil Wars was Philip Martindale of Horwich, chap-
man."

A chapel of ease existed at Horwich
CHURCH before the Reformation, for in 1552 it
was found provided with the ornaments
for saying mass. There were also three bells, * which
are the poor men's of the town, bought with their
own money, and the said bells not yet hanged up.' n
In 1565 the commissioners for removing superstitious
ornaments reported to the Bishop of Chester that they
had taken from this chapel * vestment, alb, altar-cloth,
corporas, and other idolatrous gear.' " There was
then a curate there," but the chapel seems afterwards
to have fallen into obscurity and is not mentioned
again16 till the survey of 1650, when Mr. Henry
Pendlebury usually preached there on Sunday without
any stipend beyond the people's offerings.17 The re-
commendation to make Horwich a separate parish
was not acted upon, and it is probable that down to
the Revolution nothing more than a Sunday service
was performed by the vicar or curate of Deane. In.
1669 numerous meetings of Nonconformists were re-
ported in this parish, and at Horwich Chapel there
was a * conventicle,' but the ringleaders had been
prosecuted.*8

After the Revolution, with the connivance of the
vicar, the chapel was used by Nonconformists, but in
1716 Bishop Gastrell recovered it for the Established
Church, and it has since been retained. There was
a chapel stock of ^190, in the hands of Nonconforming
trustees, who refused to pay the interest when the
chapel was taken from them. In 1723, however,

18 The inquisitions show the following
to have held lands in Horwich : — Barton
of Smithills, Hulton of Farnworth, Hul-
ton of Over Hulton, and Greenhalgh of
Brandlesholme.

Andrew Barton was in 1549 said to
have held a moiety of the manor of Hor-
wich, eight messuages, &c., of Lord La
Warre by a rent of £8 161. 8</.; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 27. He was the
heir of Ralph Radcliffe of 1473.

Thomas Greenhalgh was in 1577 found
to have held eight messuages, &c., in
Horwich (not called a manor), of the lord
of Manchester by a rent of ^3 131. ^d. 5
ibid, xii, no. 10.

14 Mite. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 139 ; the contributors for 'goods' were
Bryan Heaton and four others.

14 Ibid. 151; James Urmston and James
Stones were the contributors.

16 Mane A. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 140. The
constables of Horwich seem to have been
summoned to the court till 1733, but had
ceased to appear ; ibid, vii, 25.

17 In the inquisition of Christopher An-
derton in 1593 his tenement in Horwich
is mentioned incidentally only as an ap-
purtenance of Lostock and Heaton held
of the manor of Manchester ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 41. James Ander-
ton his son and heir purchased the manor
of Horwich from Nicholas Mosley and

Elizabeth his wife and Rowland Mosley
and Anne his wife in 1599 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 61, no. 351 ; Anderton
D. no. 76.

In 1620 part of Andertons' land in
Horwich was held of the king by knight's
service, and the remainder of the lord of
Manchester ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 164. The manor is
named in an Anderton settlement of 1654;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 156, m.
174. Later it descended in the same
manner as Anderton to the Blundells and
Stonors.

18 Land tax returns at Preston.

19 Foley, Recs. S. J. iv, 7 1 3 ; he had a
nephew Thomas, also a Jesuit. A list of
his works is given by Gillow, Bill. Diet.
of Engl. Cath. i, 34 ; v, 204 (pedigree
erroneous). See also Diet. Nat. Biog. In
1630 Thomas Anderton of Horwich com-
pounded by an annual fine of £8 for the
two-thirds of his estate liable to sequestra-
tion for recusancy ; Lucas, ' Warton '
MS. (from Thoresby). Dorothy Walton
compounded similarly by £2.

20 G.E.C. Complete Peerage, viii, 156-8,
referring to W. D. Pink in Gen. (old
ser.), iv, 34-9, and to the Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv (Kenyon MSS.) ;
see also Local Glean. Lanes, and Ches. ii,
14, 38. The co-heirs of the last of this
line were his sisters — Helena wife of

Baxter Roscoe of Anglezarke in Bolton,
and Elizabeth widow of John Shaw of
Heath Charnock.

21 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.), ii,
185 n.

22 Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.), iv, 121.

33 Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 27 ; see also
Raines, Chantries (Chet Soc.), 273, for
the sale of two bells.

84 Gastrell, Notitia (Chet. Soc.), ii,.
41.

25 Peter Mackinson ; he was one of
the Marian priests, having been ordained
by Bishop Scott in 1558, on the title of
Robert Barton of Smithills ; Ordination Bk.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 101.

26 There is no mention of Horwich in
the list of the Kenyon MSS. or the Clerical
Subs. (Rec. Soc.).

2? Commoniv.Ch. Surv, (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 37. An allowance of £20
was made to him out of the tithes, and
it was said that ,£100 had been sub-
scribed ' by the well affected ' of the chap-
elry, but no interest had been received for
five or six years from Richard Holt of
Ashworth, who held the principal.

James Walton, ejected from Shaw
Chapel in 1662, is said to have preached
at Horwich in 1648 ; Nightingale, Lanes.
Nonconf. iii, 99.

28 Visit. P. at Chester.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

£100 was given by the vicar of Deane and £100 by
Lady Moyer, and in the following year £200 for the
old chapel stock was recovered from the trustees by a
decree of the Commissioners for Charitable Uses.29

The old chapel was rebuilt in I779,30 and the new
one having fallen into decay was taken down when
the present church of the Holy Trinity was opened
in 1831 sl on an adjacent site. It is in the decorated
Gothic style, with western tower. A separate ecclesi-
astical district was assigned to it in 1853." The
patronage is vested in the vicar of Deane, and the in-
come is £370 a year.

The following is a list of curates and vicars 3S : —

00.1671. John Barton

1702. John Horobin, B.A. (Jesus College,
Cambridge)

1720. Nathan Pierpoint, B.A.

1724. Robert Harvey, B.A.34

1732. John Norcross, B.A." (St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge)

1765. John Norcross, B.A.16

1788. Samuel Johnson, M.A.37 (Brasenose
College, Oxford)

1826. David Hewitt, B.A. (Trinity College,
Cambridge)

1853. Henry Septimus Pigot, M.A.*8 (Brase-
nose College, Oxford)

1901. George Henry St. Patrick Garrett39

1908. Samuel Sheppard

A school church was erected in 1889, and enlarged
in 1 897 ; this was in 1 902 replaced by St. Catherine's,
a chapel of ease. St. Elizabeth's iron mission church
was built in 1902.

Methodism was introduced into Horwich by a
preacher from Bolton about the beginning of last
century. A room in a mill at Wilderswood was used
for a time ; but a chapel was opened in or about
i8io.40 The Independent Methodist chapel in Lee
Lane was built in 1867, the congregation having
originated some years earlier in a gathering of tee-
totallers.41 The Primitive Methodists once had a
chapel on Horwich Moor,42 and the Independent
Methodists also have a place of worship.

A Baptist church was built in 1890.

A large proportion of the population refused to

conform at the Restoration, but nothing is known as
to their ministers or organization,43 until, as stated
above, the chapel at Horwich came into their hands
about the Revolution.44 On being ejected in 1716
the Dissenters erected a meeting-house called the New
Chapel ; this was enlarged in 1805, and other altera-
tions have been made more recently. It is now in
the hands of the Congregationalists, though for a short
period in the 1 8th century the ministers are said to
have been Unitarian/5 A second Congregational
church, known as Horwich Lee Chapel, was erected
in 1856, replacing one built in I774-46

A Unitarian church was erected in 1 896.

The Roman Catholic church of Our Lady of the
Rosary was built in 1886.

HEATON

Heton, 1302 ; Heyton, xvi cent.

This township is usually known as Heaton-under-
Horwich to distinguish it from the other Heatons in
the neighbourhood. It has an area of 1,743^- acres.
The highest point, just over 1,000 ft., is in the
north-west corner. The River Croal forms the
southern boundary.

Two roads between Bolton and Horwich cross
Heaton from east to west. The Lancashire and York-
shire Company's railway from Bolton passes along the
southern boundary, and has a station called Lostock
Junction at the western end, where there is a junction
of the Preston and Wigan branches.

The most thickly populated part of the township is
the eastern end, it being a suburb of Bolton. In 1901
the population was returned with Halliwell.

Coal and slate-flags are found, but not in great
abundance.

A School Board was formed in I883.1

The township was incorporated with the borough
of Bolton in 1898.

Fifty-six hearths were liable to the tax in 1666 ;
the largest house was that of ^Thomas Lomax, with
five hearths.1

In the 1 2th century HE4TON,

M4NOR assessed as one plough-land, appears to have

been held in moieties by knight's service of

M Notitia Cestr. ii, 41-4. The letter of
the vicar of Deane states that he had put a
conformable clergyman into the chapel as
soon as the Nonconformists had left ; he
allowed him the surplice fees and £2
besides, which with offerings gave an in-
come of about ,£14. As to the chapel
stock, he had witnesses to prove that the
interest had been paid to ' episcopal con-
forming clergymen ' in the reigns of
Charles II and James II, and till some
time after the Revolution.

Gastrell states that a curate was licensed
to Horwich in 1702. There was one
warden for the chapel, chosen by house
row.

Lady Moyer was Rebecca daughter of
Alderman Sir William Joliffe and wife of
Sir Samuel Moyer of Pitsea Hall in Essex,
who died in 1716 ; Canon Raines in Gas-
trell, loc. cit.

80 See Hampson, Harwich, 55. A brief
for collections was issued in 1777.

81 The building was assisted by a Par-
liamentary grant. Joseph Ridgway of
Ridgmont, one of the principal land-

5

owners, contributed. An account of this
family is given in Hampson, op. cit. 181—
203.

82 Lond. Gaz. 10 Jan. 1854.

88 Church Papers at Chester.

84 Also curate of Westhoughton.

85 R. F. Scott, Admissions to St. John's
College, iii, 44, 311. John Norcross was
also master of Rivington School.

86 Son of the preceding ; ibid, iii, 121,
565. Succeeded his father as master of
Rivington School. An abstract of his
will is given by Hampson, op. cit.
62.

87 Foster, Alumni Oxon. For his father
Henry see James Hall, Nantwich, 349.

88 Son of a former incumbent of St.
Helens.

89 Formerly vicar of St. Paul's, Prince's
Park, Liverpool.

40 Hampson, Harwich, 98-102.

41 Ibid. 1 02. For a charity in connexion
with this chapel see Endowed Charitiet
Rep. (Deane) of 1903, p. 39.

42 Hampson, op. cit. 103.

48 A preaching-place at the house of

Thomas Welsby was licensed in 1672,
during the brief Indulgence ; Nightingale,
op. cit. iii, 99. Bishop Gastrell in 1717
recorded that half the small population
were Dissenters ; Notitia, ii, 41.

44 In 1689 Horwich Chapel was already
in the hands of the Nonconformists, and
was so certified and recorded ; Hist. A/55.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 231.

45 Nightingale, op. cit. iii, 98-1 10. The
first minister ejected from the old chapel
was John Walker, who is said to have
received £100 a year from the govern-
ment on account of his services at the
rising of 1715. An account of the en-
dowments and charities may be seen in
the Endowed Charities Rep. (Deane) of

I9°3» PP- 33-6-

46 Nightingale, op. cit. iii, 110-15.
The erection of this second meeting-place
is supposed te have been due to the
Unitarianism of the older chapels at Hor-
wich and Rivington. For endowment,
&c., see Endowed Charities Rep. 39.

1 Lond. Can. 26 Oct. 1883.

2 Subs. R. bdle. 250. no. 9, Lanes.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

the barons of Manchester. One moiety was included
in the Barton fee,5 the Hulton family being the
under-tenants ; 4 while the other half was held with
Worthington,5 but afterwards severed, and held as
the tenth part of a knight's fee by a family which
assumed the local name.

The earliest known is a Randle de Heaton,6
followed in hereditary succession by Ellis, John, and
John.7 The younger John made a settlement in
1332, from which it appears that he had sons John,
Adam, and others.8 He or his son John was living
in 1355.' The son is said to have married a daughter
and co-heir of Robert de Huyton of Billinge, and thus
acquired the Birchley estate.10 Richard de Heaton
was in 1385 appointed a keeper of the peace in Sal-
ford Hundred.11 Richard's son and heir William
married Joan daughter and heir of Gilbert de

Billinge,12 and thus increased the family estate in
Billinge. William and Joan were living in 1 422,"
but for the succeeding century little is known of the
family.13a William Heaton
was holding the manor in
1473 by the ancient ser-
vice.14

The next to occur is Richard
Heaton who recorded a pedi-
gree in 1533, from which it
appears that he had been twice
married.15 William, his eldest
son, left two daughters, Jane
and Alice ; and by his second
wife Elizabeth, daughter and
eventual co-heir of Sir Richard
Aughton of North Meols, he

HEATON of Heaton.
Argent on a bend en-
grailed sable three bulls'
heads erased of the feld.

9 Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 54. By 1241 the four oxgangs of
land in Heaton seem to have become
separated from Barton and held by Richard
son of Christiana de Alreton ; Final
Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 88.

4 From the later descent it is probable
that the above Richard son of Christiana
was the younger Richard de Hulton, who
was quickly succeeded by his brothers
William and David, the latter continuing
the line. Thus in 1256 David de Hulton
was holding half a plough-land in Heaton,
in which his brother's widow was claiming
dower; Final Cone, i, 122. In 1302
Richard de Hulton son of David was
holding the tenth part of a fee in Heaton
of Thomas Grelley ; Inq. and Extents,
i, 314.. In 1324 Richard de Hulton was
returned as holding half a plough-land in
' Davyd Heton ' by a thegnage rent of
6s. %d. ; Duchy of Lane. Rentals and
Surv. 379, m. 13. In the later division
of the Hulton lands this probably went to
the families of Farnworth and Halliwell ;
and some part was obtained at a later time
by the Hultons of Over Hulton. Thus
William Hulton of Farnworth was in
1613 in possession of lands in Heaton ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 266 ; and Randle Barton of
Smithills, who died in 1611, also had
lands in Heaton ; ibid, i, 208.

5 Inq. and Extents, i, 54. Thomas de
Worthington was holding half a knight's
fee of Robert Grelley in 1212. In 1282
the manor was called Worthington,
Coppull, and the appurtenances ; ibid.
250. Later Worthington is called 'half
a fee, except the tenth part," the tenth part
being Heaton. It is unlikely that there
was only one manor in Heaton and that
it was held in succession by the Hultons
and Heatons ; for Richard de Hulton
and John de Heaton are mentioned
together in 1320, when, however, only
the latter is stated to have held the tenth
part of a fee, the former holding by the
rent of a pair of spurs or zd., and puture
of the Serjeants and foresters ; Mamecestre
(Chet. Soc.), 288, 290.

6 The Heaton family were perhaps the
successors in title of Henry de Bolton,
who in 1 22 1 offered himself against
Robert Grelley in a plea concerning the
fixing of boundaries between Henry's

ands in Heaton and Robert's in Hor-
wich ; Cur. Reg. R. 79, m. 24. Li-
cence of deafforestation in Heaton was
in 1225 granted by the king to Robert
Grelley for Henry de Bolton ; Cal. Pat.
1216-25, P- 576. By fine in 1227
Robert Grelley acknowledged Henry's

right to land within the following boun-
daries : from Yaresworth Brook up by
Ridley Syke to the middle point between
two brooks falling into the syke towards
the west, and so up between the brooks to
the great road between Halliwell and
Rivington, and to the High Edge, then by
the Edge around Helmshead to the
boundary of Halliwell ; Yorks. Feet of F.
file 1 8, no. i.

Randle de Bolton was plaintiff in 1246
respecting lands in Heaton ; Assize R.
404, m. lod.

7 In 1278 Adam son of Richard de
Heaton was non-suited in a claim for com-
mon of pasture brought against Ellis son
of Randle de Heaton ; ibid. 1238, m.
31 d. Ellis de Heaton appears as plaintiff
in 1292, alleging that Randle his father
was disseised of two parts of 4 acres of
wood and 3 acres of pasture in Heaton
by one Roger de Pendlebury, who demised
them to William de Pendlebury, from
whom they appear to have been acquired
by Richard son of David de Hulton ; ibid.
408, m. 49. He made a similar claim
against Hugh de Halliwell (ibid.), but
failed in both cases.

In 1301 John son of Ellis de Heaton
was defendant in a claim made by John
del Shaw for reasonable estovers in Hea-
ton, without view of the foresters, for
housebote and heybote ; ibid. I32i,m. 9 d.

According to the surveys of 1320 and
1322 John de Heaton owed homage and
fealty for the tenth part of a fee in
Heaton under the Forest, and rendered
yearly for sake fee 8</. and for ward of
Lancaster Castle izd., and puture of the
Serjeants and foresters ; Mamecestre, 288,

379-

At that time four oxgangs in Heaton
contributed proportionally to the main-
tenance of the foresters of Horwich ; ibid.

376, 377-

8 Final Cone, ii, 89. The children of
John son of John de Heaton named in
the remainders are John, Adam, Roger,
Robert, Richard, Joan, and Agnes. The
estate was the 'manor' of Heaton-under-
Horwich ; no other estate there seems to
have been so described.

In 1362 Richard Langtree and Margaret
his wife brought a suit against Henry son
of Adam de Heaton for waste, &c., in
Heaton by Horwich ; De Banco R. 411,
m. 217 d.

9 Hugh de Worthington and John de
Heaton held of John La Warre half a
knight's fee in Worthington and Heaton-
under-Horwich, which William de Worth-
ington formerly held ; Feud. Aids, iii, 89.

10 There does not seem to be any direct

IO

proof of this marriage, but it agrees with
the descent of the estate.

Thomas son of Roger Banastre of
Wrightington in or before 1361 married
Aline daughter of John de Heaton ; John
was a witness to the grant of lands then
made ; Piccope's MSS. iii, 2 (communi-
cated by Mr. J. H. Partington).

11 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 523.
Richard de Heaton and Isolda his wife
held a fourth part of Billinge in 1374 ;
De Banco R. 454, m. 141.

12 Raines MSS. xxxvii B, 61. Dis-
pensation granted in 1398.

18 Final Cone, iii, 81.

18a A petition addressed to the Lord
Chancellor in 1440 seems to refer to this
family. In it Richard Barton of Middle-
ton alleged that he had purchased the
marriage of William son of Richard son
of William Heaton, intending to wed
him to his daughter Agnes. The younger
William, under fourteen years of age, had
been hidden away by Alexander Standish
and his sister Isolda Heaton, who desired
to procure a divorce between him and
Agnes ; Early Chan. Proc. bdle. 9, no. 204.

Richard is described as ' the heir of
Heaton' in a document of 1461 relating
to a corrody in the priory of Marrick on
Swale, granted by Richard to his cousins
William and Oliver Entwisle successively,
and then by William son of Richard
Heaton to his uncle Robert Heaton ; Ch.
Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 29 (from the Weld
Blundell D.).

14 Mamecestre, 480. It was held by
' the service of the tenth part of a knight's
fee and puture, and the rent of &d. a
year, with izd. for ward of the castle."

Katherine daughter of William Heaton
married Henry son of Nicholas Blundell
of Little Crosby in 1488-9 ; Kuerden,
iii, C, 34, no. 580.

15 Visit, of 1533 (Chet. Soc.), p. 194 ;
the arms seem to be those of Billinge and
Heaton quarterly.

In 1530 Richard Heaton of Heaton
gave to feoffees his manor of Billinge
with lands, &c., in Billinge, Birchley,
Rumworth, Lostock, and Ulverston. His
will mentions his son William and Joan
his wife and their children Alice and
Jane ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 151, m. 8.
He died after the Statute of Uses (1536),
and his will was held to be void ; Duchy
of Lane. Dep. xxxiv, G, la.

For pleadings regarding the woods in
Horwich, between two of the younger
sons, Richard and Bryan, see Duchy Plead.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 119 ; ii,
219 ; the former seems to be wrongly
dated.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

had no issue.16 He died in 1542, when family dis-
putes, which had already begun, were continued with
energy. Miles Gerard of Ince, who had married
William's daughter Jane, claimed the manors of
Heaton and Birchley, Alice, the other daughter,
having died without issue.17 The manors, however,
passed to the heir male, William Heaton son of Ralph,
half-brother of the William named above. A settle-
ment was made in I55z,18but the new owner appears
very soon to have fallen into difficulties and mort-
gaged his possessions.19

Christopher Anderton, said to be descended
from the lords of Anderton, obtained an interest in
the matter. In 1562 he purchased the adjoining
manor of Lostock, with lands in Rumworth and
Heaton,20 but it was not till 1572 that he actually
obtained the manor of Heaton, and many years more
elapsed before his estate was secure.11 It is stated
that the mortgage money was offered to him by the
Heatons just after the expiry of the term, and, to the
great scandal of the neighbours, he refused it and kept
the manors." Heaton descended in the same way as
Lostock to the Blundells of Ince. Henry Blundell,
who died in 1810, annoyed that his only son refused

to marry, bequeathed the Anderton properties to his
two daughters. A division took place, and the manor
of Heaton, with lands in Heaton and Rumworth, fell
to the share of Elizabeth wife of Stephen Tempest of
Broughton near Skipton. By a family arrangement
Henry Tempest, a younger son, received this moiety,
and his son Charles Robert, on being created a
baronet in 1 866, gave Heaton as his seat.23 Sir Charles
died in 1 894, leaving a daughter, Mary Ethel, as heir ;
she married Miles Stapleton, tenth Lord Beaumont,
who was accidentally killed in 1895, and has two
daughters.

In 1789 the lands of Henry Blundell paid five-
sixths of the land tax. Mr. Starkie had a small
estate.24

From the old Heaton family descended Martin
Heaton, Bishop of Ely from 1599 to i^og.25

In the Subsidy Rolls of 1541 and 1622 Heaton is
joined with Halliwell.

The estate called ROGERSTEJDcan be traced back
to the time of Edward III.*53 It was held early in the
1 5th century by Roger de 'Walmersley,' J5b and de-
scended by 1591 to Roger * Walmesley.56 In 1726
it was sold by Roger Walmsley of Bolton to Pierce

16 Duchy of Lane. Dep. liv, H, i ;
it was alleged that the feoffees of Richard
Heaton the father of William in 1532
conveyed the manor of Heaton, with mill
and messuages in Heaton and Horwich,
to the use of Richard for life, and then
to the use of William his son and heir for
life, and then of Ralph Heaton and heirs
male. (This feoffment is among the
Anderton D. no. 4.) On behalf of Eliza-
beth daughter of Sir Richard Aughton,
widow of William Heaton, and before
1 549 remarried to John Bold, it was stated
that William was seised in his demesne as
of fee, and therefore she claimed as jointure.

*7 Ibid, xxxiv, G, I. Miles Gerard son
and heir of Thomas Gerard of Ince
alleged that by his marriage settlement
it was arranged that if William Heaton
died without male issue one half of all
the manors, &c., in Billinge, Birchley,
Rumworth, Lostock, Horwich, and Ulver-
ston, was to go to the said Jane ; and if
Alice, the other daughter of William
Heaton, should die without issue, the
other half should also be Jane's. Heaton
was otherwise settled. The disputes
began before William's death, which took
place on 25 November 1542, for his
answer to some of the pleadings is pre-
served. His widow Elizabeth immediately
after his death complained that the
Gerards had expelled her from Birchley.

Humphrey Winstanley, who had
married Jane, in 1560 complained that
Christopher Anderton, William Heaton,
and Ralph Heaton had entered his wife's
inheritance. William Heaton claimed as
heir male, under a settlement made in
1 540 by William the father of Jane,
apparently on his marriage with Elizabeth
Aughton ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, xlvii,
W, 13.

18 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 14,
m. 142; and ibid. m. 103. The defor-
ciants in the latter were John Bold and
Elizabeth his wife, William Heaton,
and Lambert Heaton. The fine con-
cerned two messuages, &c., 60 acres of
land, with meadow, pasture, wood, moor,
and moss in Heaton. An annuity of 541.
for life was granted to Elizabeth Bold,
with ultimate reversion to William
Heaton ; the messuages, &c., being given

to Lambert Heaton and Katherine his
wife and their male issue ; in default to
Fernando Heaton and Richard, Geoffrey,
Bryan, and Vane Heaton.

19 Gibson, Lydiate Hall, 50.

In 1560 Roger Heaton as son and
devisee of Richard Heaton, one of the
younger sons of the Richard Heaton of
1533, claimed the manor of Heaton
against William Heaton and Mary his
wife by virtue of a lease ; and later Alice
the mother of Roger, who had married
Thomas Aughton, was joined in the suit ;
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Ixiii, H, ga ;
cxvii, H, 1 6. William Heaton was
plaintiff or defendant in other suits in
the early part of Elizabeth's reign ; Ducatus,
ii, 243, 311, 323, 363. Ralph the son
and heir of William Heaton of Birchley
occurs several times from 1568 to 1574;
ibid, ii, 363 ; iii, 13.

William Heaton, merchant tailor of
London, of the parish of St. Martin
Orgar, acquired an interest, by purchase
or mortgage, from the above William
Heaton, in the lands and manor of
Heaton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdles.
24, m. 158 ; 27, m. 145 ; Duchy of Lane.
Plead. Ixiii, H, 9 ; Anderton D. no. 20,

24, 35-

20 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 24,
m. 96 ; and further in the account of
Lostock. 21 Lydiate Hall, 55.

As early as 1572 an agreement was
made for the sale of the manors and lands
between Christopher Anderton, William
Heaton of London, and Ralph son and
heir of William Heaton 5 Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 232, m. 5. Two years afterwards
Christopher Anderton procured Heaton
from Humphrey Winstanley and Jane
his wife and William Gerard — probably
only their reversionary rights in it ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 38, m. 80. In
1583 he made a settlement of the manor ;
ibid. bdle. 45, m. 25 ; while in 1589 he
and his sons James and Thurstan seem
to have made a further agreement or new
purchase ; ibid. bdle. 51, no. 25.

Christopher Anderton died in 1592,
holding the manor of Heaton under Hor-
wich, &c., of the lord of Manchester ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 41.
The bargain, however, was not even then

II

secure, for three years later his son and
heir, James Anderton, procured the manor
(or reversionary rights in it), from Richard
the son and heir apparent of Fernando
Heaton, late of London ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 59, m. 17. Besides the
manor the estate embraced eighty mes-
suages, two water-mills, &c.

Katherine widow of Lambert Heaton
and Fernando their son surrendered land
in Heaton in 1581 ; in 1593 Richard
Heaton son of Fernando, described as ' of
Alone in Westmeath,' sold his claim on
the manors to James Anderton ; Anderton
D. no. 43, 67, 68.

22 Harland and Wilkinson, Lanes. Le-
gends, 44 ; some evidence in its favour
is printed in Lydiate Hall, 56.

28 Lydiate Hall, 134, 135. In Baines'
Dir. of 1825, 'Henry Tempest, coal
proprietor, of Broughton Hall, Yorkshire,'
occurs under Heaton.

24 Land Tax Ret. at Preston.

25 He was the son of George Heaton,
of London, whose kinship to the parent
stock has not been ascertained. His
mother Joan daughter of Sir Martin
Bowes, lord mayor in 1545, died in giving
him birth, having dedicated him ' to God
and the Reformed Church.' He was
educated at Westminster and Oxford,
held various preferments, and was in 1599
promoted to the see of Ely in order to
make certain alienations of its lands.
He was the 'proud prelate' whom Eliza-
beth threatened to ' unfrock,' according
to the story. He made the alienations ;
see Local Glean. Lanes, and Ches. ii, 171
(from Strype's Annals, iv, 490) ; Foster,
Alumni ,• White, Elizabethan Bishops, ^Ql;
Cooper, Athen. Cantab, i, 442.

253 In 1364 Hugh Thirlewinde and
Katherine his wife, daughter of Alice
daughter of Stephen de Cockerham, mort-
gaged a tenement in Heaton ; Starkie of
Huntroyde D.

25b He had it in 1419, when it was
called Rogersted ; ibid.

26 See Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 16, &c. Roger Walmes-
ley died 31 May 1624 holding two
messuages, &c., in Heaton of Christopher
Anderton ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13
(Chet. Lib.), p. 1287.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Starkie of Huntroyde.17 It has now become a
cemetery belonging to the Bolton Corporation.

For the worship of the Established Church Christ
Church was consecrated in 1896 ; the vicar of Deane
is the patron.

HALLIWELL

Haliwell, 1246; Harywal, 1273; Halewell,
Haliwelle, 1277-8.

Halliwell is divided into two portions by a brook
which runs east into the Tonge ; the southern por-
tion, Halliwell proper, adjoins Bolton, of which it is
becoming a suburb ; the north-western, Smithills, is
still rural. The whole has an area of 2,479^ acres.1
Halliwell proper has a breadth of about two miles ;
the surface rises a little from east to west. Smithills
stretches about three miles in a north-westerly direction,
rising steadily from under 5006. to over 1,475, on
the border of Horwich. To the north of Deane Brook,
almost to the limit of the township towards Bolton,
the geological formation consists of the Millstone
Grit. The town of Halliwell and Smithills Hall lie
upon the Lower Coal Measures.

The principal road is that from Bolton to Horwich
and Chorley, on both sides of which dwelling-houses
are spreading ; another road leads more northerly
through the Smithills portion.

The population in 1901 was 25,849, but this
includes Heaton also.

Halliwell has for a century been famous for its
bleach works ; there are also cotton mills.

A local board was formed in 1863.* In 1877
part of the township was taken into the borough of
Bolton. In 18943 separate civil parish was formed
for Smithills, but four years later this also was absorbed.

Tokens issued in 1652 and 1666 are extant.3
In the latter year seventy-five hearths were assessed
to the tax ; the manor-house at Smithills (Sir Row-
land Bellasyse) had nineteen hearths, but no other
dwelling had more than four.4

The manor of HALLIWELL was
MANORS originally a member of the lordship of
Barton,5 and seems at first to have been
part of the possessions of the Pendlebury family.6
William son of Roger de Pendlebury in 1289 granted
to Richard son and heir of David de Hulton the
whole vill of Halliwell with its appurtenances, with
the homages of Robert de Shoresworth and Hugh de
Halliwell for the lands they held ; an annual rent of
a silver penny was payable.7 In 1302 it was held by
Richard de Hulton of the lord of Manchester by the
tenth part of a knight's fee.8 Three oxgangs of land
here contributed to the sustenance of the foresters of
Horwich.9 In 1325—6 Richard de Hulton granted
to his brother John land in Hulton and Westhough-
ton,10 and this is supposed to be the John de Hulton
of Halliwell, whose son and heir Richard was in 1351
contracted to marry Margery daughter of Adam the
Ward of Sharpies.11 Nothing further is known of
this branch of the Hulton family, but in 1473 Robert
Hulton held the lordship of Halliwell by the ancient
service.11 Adhering to the Yorkist side his lands
were confiscated in 1487 and conferred by Henry VII
on the Earl of Derby.13 The manor descended regu-
larly for a century ; in 1601 it was held by Edward
Stanley.14 About that time it seems to have been
sold, part going to Robert Marsh of Halliwell,15 whose
son-in-law Samuel Shipton, clerk, was in possession in
1638 ;16 afterwards it descended to Samuel Aspinall,17
and then disappears from notice.18

SMITHILLS was held by the Hospitallers, and

*7 Huntroyde D. ; PaL of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 295, m. 89. It descended
with Huntroyde till 1879, when it was
sold to the Bolton Corporation.

1 The Census Report of 1901 gives the
area of Halliwell (with Heaton) as 4,229
acres, including 1 24 of inland water.

a Land. Gaz. 27 Nov. 1863.

8 Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Sac, v, 78 ;
William Boardman issued one.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

* Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54.

6 Roger de Pendlebury in 1246 re-
covered seisin of lands in Halliwell against
Randle de Bolton, Mabel widow of Henry
de Bolton, Adam de Heaton, Robert and
Matthew his brothers, and others ; Assize
R. 404, m. i.

Amabel widow of Elias son of Roger
the Clerk was in 1273 petitioner respect-
ing lands in Pendlebury and Halliwell
Roger de Pendlebury being defendant ;
De Banco R. 5, m. 102.

7 Towneley MS. GG, no. 1808. In
1 303 Alice widow of William de Pendle-
bury claimed dower in nineteen messuages,
180 acres of land, &c., against Margery
widow of Richard de Hulton, and against
Roger and William, sons of Richard ; De
Banco R. 164, m. 206.

8 Lana. Inq, and Extents, i, 3 14.

9 Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), 377.
11 Hulton Pedigree, 5.

11 Ibid. ; three parcels of land, called
Farnegoy, Rethfield, and Broxope in Halli-
well, were granted to Richard and Mar-
gery and their issue, with remainder to
Richard's brother Roger.

12 Mamecestre, 480 ; the service was
the tenth part of a knight's fee, puture,
a rent of %d., and 8</. for ward of the
castle.

18 Robert Hulton had taken part in the
Simnel rising, and was attainted after the
battle of Stoke ; Rolls of Parl. vi, 397.
Early in 1489 his manors of Halliwell
and Smithills and various lands were
granted to the Earl of Derby ; Pat 4 Hen.
VII, 25 Feb.

14 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 63, no.
281. William, Earl of Derby, and Edward
Stanley, esq., were the deforciants, the
property being described as the manor of
Halliwell, with twenty messuages, &c.,
300 acres of land, &c., and 21. rent in
Halliwell and Smithills.

15 The plaintiffs in the fine were the
feoffees of Robert Marsh. He died in
1 6 24 holding lands in Atherton of Thomas
Ireland and the reversion of a messuage,
40 acres of land, &c., in Halliwell after
the death of Alice, Countess of Derby,
widow of the fifth earl, held of the king
as the hundredth part of a knight's fee ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 14.

A rent of £13 91. 6d. continued to be
payable from the manor of Halliwell to
the Earl of Derby, and in 1653 it was
sold, together with the manor of Bolton,
as part of the confiscated estates of the
seventh earl, to Charles Worsley ; Royalist
Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 240. This rent was recovered, and in
1715 formed part of the estate of the
Derby family ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 276, m. 75.

16 Ibid. bdle. 129, no. 1 3 ; the manor of

12

Halliwell and land, &c., there and in
Atherton were held by Samuel Shipton,
clerk, and Abigail his wife, daughter and
heir of Robert Marsh. An inquiry re-
specting it was made in 1641, after the
death of Abigail, when her estate was
described as three-twentieths of the manor,
held of the Earl of Derby by a rent of
33*. $4. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxix,
no. 69.

Samuel Shipton, M.A., of Brasenose
College, Oxford, was rector of Alderley,
Cheshire, from 1630 to 1643, when he
was ejected as a Royalist ; he was rein-
stated in 1660 and held this benefice till
his death in 1670. He recorded a pedigree
in 1663. Abigail, his first wife, was born
in 1614 and died in 1640, and bore a son
and three daughters, who all died young.
Shortly afterwards the husband married
again ; Earwaker, East Ches. ii, 633, 634.

l? According to the Inq. p.m. of 1641
Abigail Shipton's heir was her aunt Mar-
garet's son, Samuel Aspinall, who received
the manor of Halliwell and lands there
and in Atherton in 1651 from Samuel
Shipton and Elizabeth his (second) wife,
and Sir Henry Delves, bart., and Roger
Wilbraham, junior, these being probably
trustees ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
147, m. 135.

18 A fine of 1747 concerning lands in
Halliwell, Wigan, &c., also included the
chief rents of the township ; the defor-
ciants were Edward Hurst, John Rothwell
and Margaret his wife, William Battersby
and Jane his wife ; while the plaintiffs
were Richard Rothwell and Thoma»
Marsh ; ibid. bdle. 339, m. 93.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

appears to have been held under them by the Hulton
family, passing with the manor of Blackburn to the
Radcliffes in 1335." The Radcliffes of Smithills
occur during the I5th century, having made the
place their chief manor.*0 Sir Ralph Radcliffe, the
third of the same name in succession, dying about
1460," the estates went to the heir male, Ralph son
of Sir Ralph's brother Edmund ; and he leaving a
daughter and heir Cecily, they passed to her husband
John Barton of Holme, near Newark,*3 and they and
their descendants retained possession until the i8th
century.

John Barton, having made a settlement of his
manors and lands in 1514, and seen his son Andrew
married to Anne or Agnes daughter of Sir William
Stanley of Hooton, renounced the world, and in July
1516 entered the monastery of the Observant Friars
at Richmond in Surrey, and was there professed."
Andrew Barton added a moiety of the manor of
Oswaldtwisle 24 to the family possessions, recorded a
pedigree at the visitation of I533,*4a and died in
1549, leavmg a son and heir Robert, then twenty-
four years of age.*6 Robert Barton, who succeeded,
was the justice to whom George Marsh surrendered

19 This seems the most probable account
of the matter, as Smithills and Blackburn
afterwards descended together, but there
are no charters concerning Smithills avail-
able, and it may, of course, have been held
by the Radcliffes under the Hospitallers.

20 Some family deeds, relating chiefly
to the manor of Oswaldtwisle, are pre-
served in Towneley MS. OO, no.
1645-76. See also Abram, Blackburn,
251-5.

21 The first Sir Ralph was knight of the
•shire in 1397 and 1404 ; Pink and Beaven,
Parl.Rcpre. of Lanes. 44, 46. The writ of
Diem daunt extr. af er his death was issued
12 May 1406 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii,
App. 5. Ralph his son had livery soon
afterwards; Abram, op. cit. 251. He
was knighted by the Duke of Bedford
at Leicester in 1426 ; Metcalfe, Bk. of
Knights, I.

Sir Ralph Radcliffe II was a knight of
the shire in 1413, 1423, and 1427 ; Pink
and Beaven, op. cit. 49, 52, 53. In 1424
Ralph son of Sir Ralph Radcliffe made
a feoffment of lands in Salford, &c., in
•which his brother George, rector of Hough-
ton, is named ; Towneley MS. OO,
no. 1656. This was in connexion with
the proposed marriage of his son Ralph
with Ellen daughter of John Massey of
Tatton, as appears by the above-cited in-
quisition, in which is also given a settle-
ment of 1431 in favour of Cecily, Sir
Ralph's second wife. There are named
her son Edmund Radcliffe, and daughters
Emma and Douce. Sir Ralph's brother
Nicholas is named among the remainders.
He died in Jan. 1432-3, but Smithills is
not named in the inquisition after his
•death, though Ralph, his son and heir,
then twenty-nine years of age, is described
as 'of Smithills' ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 34-6.

In the same year (1433) the feoffees
delivered to Ralph son of Sir Ralph Rad-
cliffe the manor of Smithills, and lands in
Much Hoole, Croston, Leyland, Ulnes
Walton, Edgeworth, Bradshaw, Turton,
Halliwell, Egburden, Sharpies, Harwood,
Bolton, Blackburn, Flixton, Lostock,
Tonge, &c. ; Towneley MS. OO, no.
1658. The escheator also was ordered to
deliver lands to Ralph Radcliffe of Smith-
ills, son and heir of Ralph son and heir of
Sir Ralph, and Ellen his wife, daughter of
John Massey of Tatton ; Dep. Keeper's
Rep. xxxiii, App. 34. Two years later
Cecily widow of Sir Ralph de Radcliffe
•was indicted for felony; ibid. 35. In
1436 Ralph Radcliffe granted to feoffees
various lands, with the reversion of the
lands in Heaton and Horwich, which
Cecily widow of Sir Ralph had held in
dower. This was for the benefit of his
wife Janet, and there were a remainder to
Edmund his brother and a dowry of
So marks for his sister {Catherine. Ed-

mund was still a minor ; Towneley MS.
OO, no. 1657.

The third Sir Ralph left a daughter and
heir Joan and a widow Katherine ; and
disputes quickly arose between them and
Elizabeth widow of Edmund Radcliffe
and Ralph son of Edmund, the heir male ;
OO, no. 1645, ^646. The date of the
former of these (29 Hen. VI) is uncertain ;
perhaps it should be 39, for it quotes deeds
of 37 Hen. VI. The writ of Diem clausit
txtr. was issued 4 Aug. 1460 ; Dep. Keeper's
Rep. xzxvii, App. 177.

The daughter Joan is said to have mar-
ried Ralph Barton of Holme.

82 Ralph Radcliffe died in Oct. 1485,
his daughter Cecily being then twelve
years of age ; she was immediately mar-
ried to John Barton. At the inquisition
taken in 1506 it was found that Ralph
Radcliffe had held the manor of Tingreave
and various lands, but of whom the lands
in Smithills, Heaton, and Halliwell were
held the jury did not know. In 1475, as
Ralph son and heir of Edmund Radcliffe,
he had granted the manor of Smithills and
all his lands in Lancashire to feoffees,
and by his will directed them to make an
estate to Agnes his wife of specified lands
in Flixton and Lostock ; to others he
granted the mill of Smithills, the park, and
a close called Croftliff, with lands else-
where. Provision was made for Ellen,
Ralph's sister ; also for Elizabeth daughter
of Sir Ralph Radcliffe ; and 7 marks a
year was to be paid ' to an honest priest
to celebrate divine service in the church
of Bolton.' Denis Haworth was the priest
chosen, and he prayed for twenty years in
Bolton Church for the said Ralph and his
ancestors.

As heir male of the Radcliffes Nicholas
Radcliffe of Worsley in 1498-9 sought to
regain the manors of Smithills and Tin-
greave against John Barton and Cecily his
wife. He was son and heir of Ralph son
and heir of the Nicholas Radcliffe named in
the inquisition of his brother Sir Ralph in
1433 ; and claimed under a settlement by
which Oliver and Nicholas, the brothers
of Sir Ralph, should have succeeded in
tail male ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Prot.
14 Hen. VII ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 34.

A change of feoffees was made in
1503, the manor of Smithills being then
held for the use of John Barton and
Cecily his wife ; Towneley MS. OO, no.
1647. In 1504 there was a recovery of
the manor, John Barton and Cecily being
tenants ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii,
no. 12, 97.

John Barton was son of the above-
named Ralph Barton and Joan ; see Visit.
of 1533 (Chet. Soc.), 198, where is an
account of the origin of the family, from
Thoroton, Nottt. (ed. Throsby), iii, 157.

23 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 82.

The manor of Smithills and lands there
and in the neighbourhood were stated
to be held of Thomas West, Lord La
Warre, but the services were unknown.
Andrew Barton, the heir, was aged eigh-
teen. The father's will is very lengthy ;
it provides that Smithills shall be given
to his son Andrew on attaining his ma-
jority, with remainders to his younger
sons Alexander, Leonard, and Francis ;
then to the heirs of Sir Ralph Radcliffe
his grandfather. His brother, Stephen
Barton, had an annuity of ^4 to enable
him to study at Cambridge or the Inns of
Court. James Bolton, priest, was to have
7 marks a year, 'provided that he say
divine service in the chapel of the manor
of Smithills and pray for me, for the soul
of Cecily sometime my wife and for the
souls of all our ancestors,' and execute
other duties assigned to him by the testa-
tor. By a later deed he gave £10 to
Nicholas Clerk, priest, to study art or
divinity at Cambridge or teach grammar
at Bolton-le-Moors ; money to the re-
pairs of the Friars Preachers' house at
Lancaster ; to Bolton and Deane churches
money for pixes, altar cloths, &c., 'so
that the most high and excellent sacra-
ment of the altar may be more reverently
ministered there ; ' money to his brothers
Stephen and Christopher, his sister Eliza-
beth Ardern, and his bastard brother John
Barton ; lastly he willed ' that a table of
alabaster be bought and given to the
chapel of Our Lady in the church of
Holme, and that the table now being
there be restored to the chapel of Smithills;
the said chapel in Holme to be repaired
and necessary ornaments to be given to
the same.'

24 In 1 547 a general pardon was granted
to Andrew Barton of Deane and of the
Inner Temple ; Various Coll. (Hist. MSS.
Com.), ii, 2.

2^ Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 197.

24 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 27 ;
he had held the manor of Smithills and
lands there of the king, as of the late
Prior of St. John of Jerusalem, in socage
by a rent of izd. He was a commissioner
for levying the subsidy of 1541 ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 141. His
will with an inventory is printed in Pic-
cope's Wills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 98-103.
He desired to be buried in Bolton Church;
left £5 a year for the free school at Win-
wick, 12 marks to his chaplain, John
Pincock, and £10 a year for some years
to Ralph Barton (a younger son) ' towards
his exhibition and learning.' Certain
plate was given to his son Robert as an
heirloom, and ' all the chapel gear except
one suit of vestments, the best but one.'

Various deeds of Andrew Barton's, 1538
to 1548, relating to Blackburn, are pre-
served in Towneley MS. OO, no. 1648,
1652, 1674-8.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

in 1554 ; the story went that Marsh, in his emphatic
denial that his teaching was heretical, stamped so
forcibly on the hall pavement at Smithills that the
mark of his foot remained in the stone.26 Robert
Barton dying childless in 1580," the manors went to
his brother Ralph, reader in Gray's Inn. Ralph,
who died in 1 592, 28 was succeeded by his son Randle29
and grandson Sir Thomas.30

Grace, the daughter and heir of Sir Thomas,
married Henry Belasyse son of Thomas, first Viscount

BARTON. Azure a
fesse between three harts'
heads caboshed or.

BELASYSE, Viscount
Fauconberg. Argent a
che-veron gules between
three fours de Us azure.

Fauconberg.31 Henry died during his father's life-
time, leaving among others two sons, Thomas, second

Viscount and first Earl Fauconberg, who died with-
out issue in 1 700 ; 3* and Sir Rowland Belasyse, who
seems to have resided at Smithills,33 and whose son
Thomas in 1700 succeeded his uncle as third viscount.34
Thomas, his son, the fourth viscount, sold Smithills
in 1722 to the Byroms of Manchester.35 About a
hundred years later it was purchased by Richard
Ainsworth, owner of extensive bleach works in the
neighbourhood,36 and has descended to his grandson,
Colonel Richard Henry Ainsworth, the present
owner.

Smithills Hall stands on high ground 2 miles
north-west of Bolton, on the slopes of the moors from
which the town takes its name which, less than
2 miles away, attain a height of over 1,200 ft. The
hall itself is situated just above the 500 ft. contour
line, well outside the town radius, protected by trees
on the north and set in picturesque grounds, but with
a view southwards from the house embracing the
smoke and chimneys of Bolton. The site is a
naturally defensive one, being close to the junction
of two streams, one the Astley Brook, a quarter of
a mile to the south, and the other the Raveden Brook,
more immediately to the east.37 The other sides
were protected by a moat which existed at no very
remote period, and the moors behind the house would
form a natural protection in that direction.

26 The story is given in Fuller's Worthies.

2? Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 24. ;
the estates were unchanged. Ralph Bar-
ton, brother and heir, was fifty-seven years
of age. A settlement was made in 1565 ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 27, m. 100.
A pedigree was recorded in 1567; Visit.
(Chet. Soc.), 21. Robert's will is printed
in Wills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 39-42;
Margery, his wife, was the executrix ; she
afterwards married Richard Shuttleworth
of Gray's Inn ; Towneley MS. OO, no.
1654-6; Ducatus (Rec. Com.), iii, 118,
139. Some deeds by Robert Barton and
Thurstan his brother are in Towneley
MS. OO, no. 1649-51, 1653, 1674-6.

For the muster of 1574 Robert Barton
was required to equip two light horses,
&c., being third on the list of gentry of
the hundred ; Gregson, Fragments, 30.

28 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, 50.

29 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 207-12. Randle Barton
died at Smithills 10 Dec. 1611. By an
indenture of 1607 there given, he settled
the capital messuage called Smithills, the
lands, meadows, &c., in Heaton, Halliwell,
and Sharpies, known as the demesne lands
of Smithills, the water-mill in Halliwell
called Smithills mill, and all pools, waters,
water-courses, multure, toll, and suit there-
to belonging ; certain messuages and
lands in Halliwell and Horwich, the coal-
mines found or to be found in the said
tenements, &c., to the use of himself and
Elizabeth his wife for life, for jointure of
Elizabeth, and then to the use of Thomas
Barton for life and heirs male. The
tenure is stated as above — of the king,
as of the late priory of St. John of Jeru-
salem, by i zd. rent ; the clear annual
value was ^10.

Thomas Barton the son and heir was
twenty-eight years of age.

For an Edward Barton who died in
1598 near Constantinople, see Pal. Note
Bk. ii, 82.

80 Sir Thomas was knighted in 1619 ;
Metcalfe, Knights, 176. He was one
of the commissioners for the subsidy of

1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 16 1. He made a settlement in
1627, probably on his daughter's marriage;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 1 1, no. 24.
A further settlement was made in 1652,
the deforciants being Sir Thomas Barton,
Grace Belasyse, widow, and Thomas Be-
lasyse ; ibid. bdle. 152, m. ^7. Sir
Thomas does not appear to have taken
any active part in the Civil War, being
probably disabled by age, and his estates
were not interfered with by the Parliament.
There is a pedigree of the family in
Whitaker's Whalley,i\, 319, 320.

81 Henry Belasyse and his family were
strong Royalists, and adherents of the
ancient faith or favourable to it. Henry
died in 1647; his epitaph is printed
in Collins' Peerage (ed. 1779), v, 359.
He had seven sons and seven daughters.
His lands having been seized by the Par-
liamentary authorities, his widow Grace
and her father in 1651 petitioned for the
restoration of the manor of Oulston, the
lease of which had been assigned to her
on her marriage ; Cal. of Com. for
Advances, i, 421.

A meeting of Roman Catholic gentry
at Smithills in 1666 led to a disturbance,
the Bolton women being convinced that
they were met to cut the Protestants'
throats ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xii, App.
vii, 41.

82 He was born in 1628. Though
married to a daughter of Oliver Crom-
well and a member of his House of Peers,
he favoured the Restoration. He was
put out of the lord lieutenancy of the
North Riding by James II, and afterwards
took part in the Revolution; in 1689
he was advanced to an earldom by Wil-
liam III; G.E.C. Complete Peerage, iii, 323.

A settlement of the manors of Smithills,
Quarlton, &c., was made in 1679 ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 202, m. 4.

88 Sir Rowland was made a Knight of
the Bath at the coronation of Charles II.
He died in 1699, and like his wife (heiress
of Davenport of Sutton) was buried at
Bolton ; Earwaker, East Cbes. ii, 442.

14

He professed the old religion ; Gillow,
Bib!. Diet, of Engl. Cath. i, 179.

84 In 1717 as a 'papist' Thomas Lord
Fauconberg registered an estate in the
manors of Sharpies, Quarlton, &c., sub-
ject to annuities to his brothers ; Engl.
Cath. Nonjurors, 113, 114, 149. He
died in 1718.

85 He was born in 1699 ; sold Smithills
and other estates after coming of age ;
conformed to the Established religion in
1737, and was advanced to an earldom in
1756. He died in 1774; G.E.C. utsup.;
Abram, Blackburn, 255.

Some further particular* are given in
the account of Pendleton, of which he
had a moiety in right of his wife. The
deed of sale is enrolled at Preston (Roll 8
of Geo. I), and recites that Thomas, Lord
Fauconberg, had for £11,057 6s. sold to
Thomas Eyre of Stockport and Thomas
Foxley of Manchester his manors of Halli-
well, with Smithills Hall and lands, Hor-
wich (with lands there), Sharpies and
Quarlton ; Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
iii, 220. Joseph Byrom of Salford pur-
chased Smithills in 1722 for £4,688;
Raines, Byrom Ped. (Chet. Soc.), 38.

Edward Byrom in 1779 paid 2s. 6d.
to the duchy for Smithills ; Duchy of
Lane. Rentals, 14/25 m.

86 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 46;
here it is stated that traditionally Smithills
was dependent on Sharpies, the service
being a pair of spurs and the use of the
cellars at Smithills by the lord of Sharpies
for a week in each year.

In 1749 the owner of Sharpies Hall
had a chief rent of 6s. <)d. issuing from
Smithills Hall, and the demesne and other '
lands in Halliwell, then the inheritance
of Edward Byrom of Manchester, mercer;
Bolton Hist. Glean, ii, 188 (from Pic-
cope MSS.). In Burke, Landed Gentry, is a
pedigree of the Ainsworth family.

8? The Astley Brook joins the Eagley
Brook (above which is situated Hall-i'-th'-
Wood) a little more than a mile east of
Smithills, the two streams together form-
ing the River Tonge.

<

o

a

CTJ

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

There is a tradition of a house on the present site
as far back as the year 680, and that date is rather
humorously carved on a stone over the door to the
great hall,38 but the oldest part of the present building
probably belongs to the early part of the I5th cen-
tury, and may be even later. The rest of the house
is of different dates continually altered and added to.
The western part has been so much altered that it is
difficult to reconstruct the original plan, but the north
and east wings of the older part of the house yet
constitute one of the most interesting examples of
timber construction in Lancashire, though much
changed in appearance by later additions in stone.

With its modern extensions at the west, the house,
which is of two stories, has a long frontage facing south
of over 270 ft., well broken up both as regards plan
and skyline, and forming a composition of great pic-
turesqueness. The walls are variously of stone and
timber, these materials being used in the modern
work, and all the roofs have stone slates. Almost the
whole of the walling to the old part of the house,
however, has been restored or otherwise renewed,
whether in stone or timber and plaster, but portions

of the ancient construction are preserved and show in
several places. The greatest part of the ancient work,
however, is best seen from the inside.

The oldest part of the house lies to the east and is
built on three sides of a quadrangle about 60 ft. wide
and 70 ft. from north to south, open on the south
side. The great hall occupies the north wing, with
the great chamber at its east end, and the kitchen and
offices on the west. The east wing, containing the
family apartments, terminates at the south with the
domestic chapel, approached by a corridor next the
courtyard. The staircase is in the north-east angle,
forming an external bay with a gable facing west.
Between the chapel and the great chamber is a large
room, possibly a withdrawing - room, with a large
bay window looking east. The north and east wings
being no longer inhabited retain the original charac-
teristics of the ancient plan, though much altered
from time to time ; but the old west wing has been so
much modernized that the original arrangement ot
rooms has been to a great extent lost, though the
kitchen and offices occupy pretty much their old
position. The house seems to have been extended

» *• so to TO to «p w

15

16™ «.

I61* - REBUlLl
1579. REBUILT
MODERN

88The stone bearing this date is said
to have been found about 1820 at Smith-

PLAN OF SMITHILLS HALL
(The modern west wing is not shown)

ills and 'placed over the portico to be
more conspicuous.' See Bolton Reflector,

15

16 Aug. 1823, quoted in Hist. Ghan. of
Bolton and District (First Series, 1881), 15.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

westward beyond this at different times, but chiefly
probably about the year I579,39 by the addition of
a stone gabled wing facing south, which now forms
the central portion of the main front. The whole
of the building west of this again, with frontages both
north and south, is modern work executed within the
last twenty-five years,40 but in harmony with the
older parts.

The original house seems to have been confined to
the three sides of the existing quadrangle, there being
no indications of buildings having existed on the
south side, except that a former gateway which stood
at the south end of the west wing would seem to
suggest that the courtyard might have been inclosed
all round, or was intended to be so. It existed,
however, in this position (where the south end of

and the front is now formed of the remaining three
sides.'

Very little of the black and white work facing the
quadrangle is original, and much of it — the quatrefoil
panel to the great hall and the gable in the north-
east corner facing south — is paint on plaster. On the
west of the quadrangle it is all modern, and only that
on the east wing between the chapel and the great
hall has any semblance of old work. The walls on
the north and east are of stone up to half their height,
above which is a wide band of quatrefoils with a
cove above under the eaves. The west wing was
originally built without any corridor, but in the
iyth century a passage was made on the first floor
supported on an arcade of oak columns, forming a
verandah to the lower rooms. This has been retained,

the modern drawing-room now is, immediately opposite
the west door of the chapel) till a comparatively
recent time, and is so shown in old illustrations of the
house.41

Against this, however, must be quoted Nathaniel
Hawthorne's description of the place in his note-
books, 25 Aug. 1855, in which he says : 'The house
formerly stood around all four sides of a quadrangle,
enclosing a court, and with an entrance through an
enclosure. One side of this quadrangle was removed
in the time of the present Mr. Ainsworth's father,

and in a reconstructed form is one of the most pic-
turesque features of the courtyard.

The great hall, which is 346. 6 in. long (including
the screens) by 25 ft. wide, has been a very fine
apartment, but is now much mutilated, though for-
tunately the screen and original open-timber roof still
remain, and the restoration of the room to its original
appearance would not be difficult. Towards the end
of the 1 8th century the hall was used as a brewhouse,.
and the outer walls are then supposed to have been
raised and a new roof of flatter pitch was added above

89 This date with the initial* R. B. is
on a stone in one of the gables.

40 From designs by George Devey,
architect.

41 A writer in 1824 says : 'The court-

gate which you observe on entrance
exhibits nothing remarkable. .... On
entering through this gate I came into a
square courtyard partly paved and partly
overgrown with moss and weeds. On

16

the left hand is the principal entrance to
the house, and this part of it is all that
has not been altered by the present pro-
prietors.' John Brown, Hist, of Great
and Little Bo/ton (1824), 289.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

the old one, the original ridge-line being retained.48
A floor was probably also inserted, but the hall is now
open to the roof for a little more than half its length
at the east end, the present floor being over the
screens and the first bay beyond — a distance of about
1 6 ft. From the evidence of the timber framing of
the roof and screens the hall would appear to have
been erected during the first half of the 1 5th cen-
tury,43 and therefore before the Bartons came to
Smithills, but the original timber-framed walls seem
to have been rebuilt in stone about a century later.
The walls have been again largely rebuilt in recent
times and are about 3 ft. thick to their original height,
above which they are set back on the inside. All the
windows are modern, replacing older square-headed
ones of plainer type. The screens are at the west

of the principal spring. The roof (which is about
2 7 ft. to the ridge) is divided into five bays of un-
equal size, the disposition of the principals giving a
short bay at each end (6 ft. over screens and 4 ft.
over dais), and in the centre, with larger bays of
8 ft. between. The two central coupled principals
probably indicate the presence of a louvre, as there is
no fireplace in the hall or sign of there having been
one. The timbers of the roof are very massive and
plain, the chief ornament consisting of shaped wind
braces forming quatrefoil panelling along the whole
length. At the east end of the room the original
timber construction of the wall behind the dais remains,
but the dais and canopy over have disappeared. The
roof over the short eastern bay is modern. The
whole of the wall west of the screens preserves its

SMITHILLS HALL, EAST SIDE

end and the dais at the east, but a brick wall and the
floor above at the west effectually hide from view the
old arrangement at that end. The screen or ' speeres,'
is however still in position, and the passage way
remains intact with its original oak outer doors at
each end and a stone porch on the north, and with the
three usual openings (two of which are built up)
opposite to the hall, leading to the kitchen passage,
buttery, and pantry. The ' speeres ' stand 4 ft. 6 in.
from the walls, on a low stone base, with octagonal
angle posts 1 2 in. in diameter having moulded caps,
from which the curved braces forming the underside

ancient timber construction and is enriched with
curved braces to its full height, those in the upper part
forming large quatrefoil panels. The roof of the
hall is carried on stone corbels about I oft. from the
floor, one of which is carved with an eight-leaved
rose. One of the middle principals, however, is
continued on the south side down to the floor, which
was most likely the case with the others before the
rebuilding of the walls in stone. The west end of
the hall between the * speeres ' was probably occupied
by a standing screen and without a minstrels'
gallery, but there are traces of one having been

n This may have been done before,
when the corridor was added on the west
side and the eaves of both roofs brought
into line.

48 The hall is very similar in construc-
tion and design to that of Baguley in
Cheshire, and is sometimes said to have

17

been copied from it. Smithills, however,
is much less in height, Baguley being
37 ft to the ridge.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

inserted later, the floor of which would probably be
about the height of the present modern floor over
the screens.44

The great chamber at the east end of the hall is
now cut up and hardly recognizable, but was formerly
a room 33 ft. long by 14 ft. 6 in. wide with windows
north and south and a large fireplace on the east side,
all of which features still remain though difficult to
distinguish. The ceiling is low and crossed by four
moulded beams and a single one its full length form-
ing ten square panels, and there is a room over. The
window at the south end under the gable facing the
quadrangle is an original square-headed one with
moulded wood mullions and diamond quarries.

Beyond the great chamber a small lobby marks the
junction of the north and east wings, with a door to
a small open court on the north. From this court
some external timber construction can be seen on the
north and west sides, together with the massive stone
chimney of the great chamber — one of the few parts
of the building that have not been much restored.
On the floor of the lobby itself is shown the footprint
of George Marsh, the Protestant martyr, carefully
preserved under a grating.

The large room at the north end of the east wing
may have been used as a dining-room after the aban-
donment of the great hall, or possibly as a withdraw-
ing-room. It is 33 ft. in length and 1 9 ft. wide, and
at its south-east corner is a large bay window 1 1 ft.
square separated from the room by an arched opening
with carved spandrels. The great distance of the
room from the kitchen is rather against its having
been used as a banqueting hall, though there appears
to have been a doorway to a cellar (at a lower level)
at the north-east end. The ceiling is divided into
four bays by three richly moulded oak beams with
moulded brackets supported on wood corbels and longi-
tudinally by three smaller beams, similarly moulded,
making twelve squares, each square being enriched by
moulded joists about a foot apart. The ceiling of the
bay is boarded, with thin moulded ribs nailed on
forming a star-shaped panelling. The bay itself
preserves its old timber construction, and goes up two
stories, finishing in a gable; but the windows are only
old on the north and south sides, where the original
diamond quarries and moulded mullions and transoms
remain.45 On the east the window frame is modern with
square chamfered detail and large square quarries. The
north and east walls of the room have been rebuilt in
brick, but the west and south walls show the old
timber and plaster construction, but are otherwise
plain. The fireplace on the east side and the win-
dows near it are modern. Originally the room was
richly panelled in oak,46 and must have presented a
very handsome appearance, but a good deal of the

oak panelling is now in the modern dining-room on
the other side of the house. The room over was
called the Green Chamber, and is that in which the
examination of George Marsh is said to have been
held.

The domestic chapel is 42 ft. long and 2 1 ft wide
at the west end, tapering to 1 8 ft. at the east. In
1856 a fire did much damage, entirely destroying the
roof and all the furniture, and the interior has there-
fore little archaeological interest, all the fittings being
modern. The entrance from the house corridor is at
the north-west corner, and there is a door at the
west end opening to the garden. There is a large
square-headed mullioned and transomed window at
each end, three smaller windows of three and four
lights in the south side, and one of four lights at
the east end of the north side. The coloured glass
is all new, except in the east window, where por-
tions of the original heraldic glass are preserved,
with the Stanley arms and badge conspicuous among
them.

On the north side, separated from it by a wall,
a room was formerly used as a vestry,47 1 8 ft. by
1 4 ft., above which, open to the chapel, was the
family pew approached by a door from the corri-
dor above. The vestry has now been thrown into
the chapel as a kind of transept, and the pew turned
into a gallery. The chapel is still used for public
worship.

The rooms in the ancient west wing have been
wholly modernized and have no particular interest.
They consist of an ante-room and a modern drawing-
room of irregular shape, with a narrow staircase on
the west side adjoining the fireplace, which, carried
up with an external timber gable next to the chimney,
makes a rather happy feature in the garden front.
In the ante-room is a good carved oak mantel with
the date 1694 and the initials A.B. West of these the
house is more or less modern, the lyth-century addi-
tions which immediately adjoin the old west wing
having been a good deal reconstructed and restored.
The dining-room and library, however, are interesting
rooms on account of their oak wainscot, that of the
dining-room being, as before stated, the original
panelling from the later hall on the other side of the
house. It consists chiefly of long linen pattern panels,
with square panels below and an elaborate cornice above.
On the west wall is a series of fourteen panels
carved in the top part with heads within circles, and
below with various designs, four having the Barton
oak leaf and acorn, three the buck's head, two a
molet, and the rest various patterns of interlaced work.
A central additional panel has the sacred monogram
" I.H.S." as an interlaced pattern under an ogee
head.48 The library adjoining (between the dining

44 ' At some subsequent period, but
still in Gothic times, a minstrels' gallery
was inserted, the mortices for which are
still conspicuous.' Henry Taylor, Old
Halls in Lanes, and Ches. (1883).

45 There is also a moulded sill on the
south side, but that on the north is
modern.

46 Dr. Aikin, writing in 1795, says:
'At Smithells is still remaining a wain-
scotted room, the panels of which are
adorned with upwards of fifty heads cut
in the wood which are supposed to repre-
sent different persons of the family '

(Descr. of the Country from thirty to fifty
miles round Manchester). By 1824. a great
part of the panelling had been taken
away, some of it being in the room
above, but the walls of the room
were still ' particularly curious for con-
taining carvings in wood ' ; John Brown,
Hist, of Great and Little Bolton.

*7 According to the description in
Brown's Hist, of Bolton (1824), this room
originally formed part of the hall or with-
drawing-room on the north side, which
apartment had been thus curtailed by the
then owner.

48 On either side of the bay window in
this room are painted the arms of the dif-
ferent families connected with Smithillg,
as follows :

1. Radcliffe impaling Norley, 1330

2. Barton impaling Radcliffe, 1505

3. Barton impaling Stanley, 1567

4. Belasyse impaling Barton, 1641

5. Byrom impaling Bradshaw, 1723

6. Ainsworth impaling Aspinall,

1801

7. Ainsworth impaling Noble, 1807

8. Ainsworth impaling Byrom,

1833.

HALLIWELL : SMITHILLS HALL, c. 1845

(From a Drawing by J. G. DoJJJ

r*-

'Sbrv-

LITTLE HULTON : WHARTON HALL

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

and drawing-rooms), is also elaborately fitted up with
black oak but mostly of later date than that of the
dining-room, the detail being of very pronounced
renaissance type, and consisting of scriptural and other
subjects with quaint inscriptions. The wall between
the library and the ante-room contains an old fireplace
now built up and completely hidden, and north of
the library is a room lit from the ceiling, now called
the dome-room, which is in the site of a former open
area. It has a good carved oak I yth-century mantel
and door,49 and contains a sideboard dated 1642.

The rooms on the first floor have no points of
interest.

Externally the north front of the house is almost
entirely modern, the only old portions being at the
east end, where some of the old stone windows and a
moulded string-course remain. The east elevation is
the least altered, showing as it does the old timber
and plaster bay and gable over in an almost unrestored
condition.

The gardens lie on the south and east of the house,
a terrace wall extending along the whole length of
the south and east fronts, the coping of which is on a
level with the grass of the lawn so as to keep the view
over the park uninterrupted from the ground-floor
windows. The terrace staircase enhances the general
effect of the external elevation by increasing its height,

and the long terrace walk, which is 1 5 ft. wide and
extends the full length of the south front, is below
the level of the lawn. At its west end is a raised
mound approached by three flights of steps.

Egburden, later Egbert Dene, seems to have
included the whole north-western part of Halliwell,
known as Smithills Dene and Smithills Moor.50 It
was part of the lands of the barons of Manchester,51
and was held of them by the Bartons of Smithills.52

In addition to the Hospitallers the Canons of
Cockersand had land in alms in Halliwell.53

The local surname occurs.54 Richard Lees was a
freeholder in i6oo.55 Adam Mort of Astley M and
others are recorded to have held lands here in the
times of Charles I."

William Swinburne, a Halliwell recusant, in 1653
petitioned to be allowed to contract for his sequestered
estate.58

The principal landowner in 1788 was Miss Byrom,
others being Roger Dewhurst, — Aspinall, and
Escrick.59

The most notable man springing from the town-
ship is the George Marsh, already mentioned, who
was condemned and burnt to death at Chester on
24 April 1555 for teaching Protestant doctrines, and
refusing to compromise.60

In recent times several places of worship have been

49 No doubt brought from the other side
of the house.

50 In 1322 it seems to have been divided
into two portions ; one was called Hag-
head and joined with Horwich Lee ; and
the other was called Withinrod, a parcel
of moorland ; they were vaccaries. See
Mamtcestre, ii, 366, 367.

61 Thomas La Warre, lord of Man-
chester, in 1404 made a feoffment of
1,000 acres of waste and pasture in the
town of Heaton called Egburden ; Chan.
Inq. p.m. 5 Hen. VI, no. 54. From
this and the preceding note it will be seen
that the district was in or bordering upon
Horwich and Heaton ; it also adjoined
Sharpies, as is seen from a charter by
Thurstan de Holland in 1429, quoted in
the account of that township. It is marked
in Halliwell, as Egbert Dene, in the
ordnance map of 1848. It may have
been attached to this township through
being owned by the Smithills family.

61 It is named in the Barton inquisi-
tions, but the tenure is not stated ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 82 ; xiv, 24 ; xvii,
50.

43 Eight charters are recorded in the
Cockersand Chart. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 698-
702. Nesta de Westhoughton granted
land next to the assart of the Hospital-
lers, the hedge of Crosscliff's End being a
boundary; in 1268 Roger son of Robert
held this land at a rent of 6d., half a
mark being payable at death. The same
Nesta gave another part of her land, held
in 1268 by Roger son of William, at a
rent of %d. and half a mark at death.
Thomas the Clerk of Eccles, Margery de
Pendlebury, Ellis de Pendlebury, William
Moscrop, and Robert his son, and Robert
de Sharpies were also benefactors. Among
the field and boundary names there occur
— Tahaureise, Swinbodeslache, Lanulache,
Brentspert, and Longlands End.

In 1294 Joan daughter of Austin de
Crosscliff granted to Richard de Hulton all
the land in Halliwell she had held of the
Abbot of Cockersand ; Hulton Fed. 5.

In 1461 a Cockersand rental shows

that Richard Hal ton held the abbey lands
freely at a rent of zs. He would prob-
ably be of the Halliwell branch of the
family.

54 In 1292 Richard de Houlton and
Hugh de Halliwell claimed a tenement
against Ellis de Heaton, but were non-
suited ; Assize R. 408, m. I4d.

66 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 250.

66 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, 33 ;
the property was held of the king.

6? John Harper, who died in 1628,
held three messuages and lands of the
king as the two-hundredth part of a
knight's fee ; his son John, a clerk, was
thirty-three years of age ; ibid, xxvii, 72.

Richard Johnson, who died in 1629,
leaving as heir his ten-year-old grandson
John (son of John) ; also held land in
Halliwell of the king ; ibid, xxviii, 33,
77-

Thomas Worthington, chapman, held
the Little House of the king ; Thomas
his son and heir was fifteen years of age ;
ibid, xxviii, 6.

Robert Sharpies alits Ward similarly
held land of the king ; dying in 1623 he
left a son and heir Robert, aged thirty-one;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet Lib.),
1089. Martin Taylor, also a tenant,
had a son Robert, aged twenty-eight,
in 1636 ; ibid. 1178.

58 Cal. of Com. for Compounding^ v,

3178.

59 Land tax returns at Preston. Roger
Dewhurst purchased an estate in Halli-
well in 1715, and died in 1728, aged
fifty-six. His son Roger was born at
Halliwell Hall in 1716, and died in 1806 ;
his diary (1784-6) has been printed ;
Bolton, 1 88 1.

60 The only account is in Foxe's Act*
and Man. (ed. Cattley, vii, 39-68) ; see
also Ches. Sheaf (3rd Ser.), iii, 37, &c.;
iv, 89. It is derived mainly from his own
record of his earlier examinations ; the
source of the later portion of the story is
not given. The Marsh family continued
to reside at Halliwell ; one of them, as

19

shown above, acquired part of the manor ;
another, James Marsh, who died in 1637,
held lands there of the king by the thir-
tieth part of a knight's fee ; his son and
heir Thomas was twenty-three years of
age ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13, p. 859.

George Marsh was born about 1520,
and worked his farm till after the death
of his wife, about the beginning of
the reign of Edward VI. Embracing the
Reformed doctrines he went up to Cam-
bridge, and graduated in 1551 or 1552
from Christ's College. He became curate
to Lawrence Sanders, who had benefices
in London and Leicestershire, and was
ordained deacon in London in May 1552,
and priest later by the Bishop of Lincoln.

On the accession of Mary, he returned
to Lancashire, and had thoughts of going
abroad; but in Jan. and Feb. 1553-4,
seeing the overthrow of the reforms, he
could not refrain from denouncing it, and
was reported to have spoken ' most hereti-
cally and blasphemously . . . against the
Pope's authority and Catholic church of
Rome, the blessed Mass, the sacrament of
the altar,' &c.

This outburst being coincident with
Wyatt's rebellion, attracted the attention
of the court, and the Earl of Derby re-
solved to seize the preacher. Marsh,
however, was a brave and resolute man ;
and after a mental struggle on the moors,
he decided to surrender himself. He was
sent to Lathom and examined by the earl
and his council, while Dr. Brassey ana
others argued with him, endeavouring
to induce him to recant. This was in vain,
and he was in April sent to Lancastet
to await trial. At the sessions Marsh
was brought up, but no civil offence being
proved against him he was at last handed
over to the bishop, and about the end of
the year taken to Chester. It is signifi-
cant of his doctrine that ' children-con-
firming,' 'mass-hearing,' &c., were all
classed by him as ' blasphemous idolatry '
and 'heathenish rites forbidden by God."

After four months at Chester the bishop
(George Coates) finding his arguments and

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

erected in the township. For the Established Church
St. Peter's was built in 1 84O,61 followed by St. Paul is
in 1848 ;61 in 1874 and 1875 respectively St. Luke s
and St. Thomas's M were added. The patronage is in
the hands of trustees, except in the case of St. Paul s,
to which Colonel R. H. Ainsworth presents.
is a chapel at Smithills,65 and a Wesleyan chapel at

Delph Hill. , . ,

The Roman Catholic church of St. Joseph, which
originated in 1881, was opened in 1900."

WESTHOUGHTON

Westhalghton, 1292, and usually ; Westhalton,
1302 ; the Wat is often omitted. Westhaughton
and Westhoughton, xvi cent.

This township, the largest in the parish, has an
area of 4,341 acres,1 having an average breadth of
over 2 miles from north-east to south-west, and an
extreme length of nearly 3$ miles from north-
west to south-east. The highest ground is that
along the north-eastern border, over 480 ft. being
reached in one place ; the surface slopes generally
downwards to the south-west, the lowest point, about
120 ft., being in the extreme southerly corner.
Borsdane Brook separates it from Aspull ; another brook
divides it from Hindley, and joins a stream rising on
the northern edge of Westhoughton and flowing south
through Leigh to Glazebrook.

The road from Manchester to Chorley goes through
the northern side of the township, passing the hamlets
of Chequerbent, Wingates, and Fourgates. West-
houghton village is near the centre of the township,
on the crooked road from Wigan, through Hindley
and Hart Common, to Bolton. From the village
roads go north to Wingates, east to Chequerbent, and
south to Daisy Hill and Leigh ; there are numerous
cross roads. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
has several lines ; the main line from Liverpool to
Manchester crosses the township north-easterly, with
a station, called Westhoughton, to the north of the
village ; a branch runs north to join the Bolton and
Preston line, and has stations called Dicconson Lane
and Hilton House ; a second branch runs east to
Pendleton, and has a station at Daisy Hill. The
London and North-Western Company's Kenyon and
Bolton line crosses the eastern corner of the town-
ship, with a station called Chequerbent.
The population in 1901 was 13,339.
Agriculture is still one of the principal industries

of the township ; the soil is clay, and oats and pota-
toes are the chief products. Cotton and other goods
are manufactured, and there are coal mines. Bobbin,
spindle, and shuttle making, and nail manufacturing
were engaged in in 1825. A once flourishing trade
is now extinct.

It appears to have been at Westhoughton that
Adam Banastre and others made their confederacy in
October 1315.*

A battle was fought on the common in 1642 be-
tween Lord Derby's forces and the Parliamentary
levies ; 3 and Prince Rupert is stated to have mustered
his troops there prior to the attack on Bolton in 1 644.
A token was issued at Daisy Hillock in 1652.*
The hearths liable to the tax in 1 666 numbered
98. The largest house was that of William Worth-
ington, having six hearths ; Ralph Brown and William
Leigh had five each.5

A local board was formed in 1872.' In 1894 an
urban district council was formed, having twelve
members elected by four wards. In 1898 part of
Over Hulton was added, Hulton ward returning
three members to the council. Mr. Carnegie has
given a library building.

Westhoughton gives its name to one of the Parlia-
mentary divisions of South-east Lancashire.

Peter Dodd's Well was regarded as an indicator of
the weather.7

It is difficult to trace the early descent
M4NOR of WESTHOUGHTON. The whole
township seems to have been held of the
lords of Manchester, chiefly by the Barton family,8
but partly by the Pendleburys. The latter also held
lands in the Barton portion. About the middle of
the 1 3th century Sir Gilbert de Barton granted to
Henry de Sefton, clerk, and his heirs or assigns the
whole lordship of Westhoughton, with escheats, ward-
ships, &c. ; the homages of Roger de Pendlebury and
others ; escheats and liberties of the tenement of
Thomas the Small ; with all liberties of the lordship
in pastures, woods, and plain, sor-hawks and deer,
waters and pools, ways and paths, mill pools, and
others. Further, he granted that Henry and his
successors should be quit of all suit of the court at
Barton as well for Westhoughton as for Aspull.9

Henry de Sefton quickly bestowed the lordship
upon the abbot and canons of Cockersand, who had
already come into possession of a considerable estate
in the township by a series of grants beginning about
1 200. Beside the lordship he granted them the
third part of the vill, which he must have held in

persuasions of no avail, proceeded to trial,
and there being no recantation, con-
demned him. There was a pathetic scene
in the Lady Chapel of the cathedral, the
old bishop pausing at times in reading
the sentence in hopes of signs of yielding,
and the people praying the accused to give
•way. Marsh, however, remained steadfast,
and was burned at Boughton accordingly.

81 For endowment see Land. Gaz.
% Aug. 1873.

M Ibid. 24 July 1874, and 1 1 Aug.

1876, for endowments.

M Ibid. 31 Oct. 1876, district ; 16 Nov.

1877, ii June 1880, and n Nov. 1881,
endowments. There is a mission chapel,
St. Margaret's.

M Ibid, i July 1879, district ; 25 Mar.
1 88 1, endowment.

65 The above-quoted will of John
Barton, 1514 shows that he had a chapel
there.

66 Kelly, Engl. Catb. Millions, 199.

1 4,344, including 14 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901.

8 Coram Rege R. 254, m. 52 ; the place
is called Haulton, near Blackrod.

8 Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 125;
the Parliament's men were beaten through
their magazine exploding.

4 Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Soc. v, 93 ;
the initials H. D. M. may indicate Henry
Molyneux.

* Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.
'Nether Hulton,' with 103 hearths, was
probably part of it, for Nathaniel Moly-
ncux's house was there, with six hearths.

6 Land. Gax. 24 Sept. 1872.

20

7 Local N. and Q. (Mane h. Guardian),
no. 791.

8 Lanct. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54.

9 Cockersand Chart. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
690 ; the consideration named for this
grant is « three marks of silver given me
in my great need,' but no doubt there had
been previous loans or assistance.

Thomas the Small, whose share is men-
tioned specially, afterwards killed a certain
Thomas de Byron ; he was outlawed, and
his lands were taken into the king's hands,
the abbot making fine and recovering the
lands. In 1292 his son John claimed them
from the abbot, who called Richard [de
Ince] son of Henry de Sefton to warrant
him, and John was non-suited ; Assize R.
408, m. 26 d.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

demesne, with all its appurtenances, including fish-
ponds, honey, and hawks. For this the canons gave
him 50 marks.10

SRINSOP, in the extreme north-western corner of
the township, also came into the possession of Cock-
•ersand. In 1235 it was granted by Gilbert de Barton
to Richard de Bracebridge, being reckoned as three
•oxgangs of land.11 Probably it reverted to the Bartons
and was included in the grant of Henry de Sefton.
The manor-house of the canons seems to have been at
this place.

In a suit of some seventy years later it was declared
that in 1261—2 Adam, Abbot of Cockersand, had
held half the oxgang at which the vill was assessed ;
and Roger son of Ellis de Westhoughton and John
de Rylands each held a moiety of the remainder. In
the year named the said Roger granted his fourth
part to the abbot, so that three parts of the lordship
were in the hands of the canons in 1 3 34.^ It is
probable that the Rylands' share was subsequently
acquired by the canons; but this family long after-
wards continued to hold land in the township.13

10 Cockersand Chart, ii, 688 ; for Henry
•de Sefton see further in the accounts of
Ince and Aspull in Wigan. The abbot
-was to render i%d. to the chief lord for
all services and customs.

The Cockersand estate had been derived
from variou* benefactions. Hugh son of
William son of Nest granted ' the whole
third part of the vill,' with the homages
and services appurtenant, for which he
received 31 marks ; ibid, ii, 678. It
is possible that this was the ' third part '
afterwards held and surrendered by Henry
de Sefton. William son of Nest had
granted to Thomas son of Ellis de Pendle-
bury land in Ballesley, bounded by the road
from Houghton to Aspull, Ridley brook,
•Green lache, and Aldersnape head, &c. ;
and Thomas, in turn, granted it to the
•canons ; ibid. 679.

Thomas de Houghton, clerk, made
aeveral grants of land ; between Well
brook and Town brook, and between the
latter and Ballsdean brook ; in Birchley
and by his grange at Conware ; and all
his land of Birchley and Sandeveshurst.
Cecily his wife confirmed these grants ;
«he appears to have received the lands
from Austin de Houghton, being confirmed
in them by Robert the rector of Winwick;
ibid. 680-3. This may be the land of
Thomas son of Swain for which Gilbert
<le Notion and Edith his wife also granted
a confirmation ; ibid. 687.

Roger son of Adam de Pendlebury gave
all his lands in Westhoughton, except
Snydale ; ibid. 677. There were also
donations from the Rylands family ; ibid.
685. Ellis de Pendlebury granted the
Priest's croft ; its bounds followed the
Town brook as far as the road to Aspull,
then by a syke by Recingpool moss to the
lache going into Bradley brook, across
from this brook beyond the carr, and as
far as the Town brook ford lying on the
north side of Hugh's house ; ibid. 688.
Robert the mercer of [West] Derbyshire
afterwards surrendered his claim to this
croft ; ibid. 687.

Several rentals of the abbey are known ;
ibid, iii, 1232, &c. In 1251 and 1260
the farms of Westhoughton amounted to
91. 8^f. ; Thomas de Whittleswick was
the chief tenant. The rentals of 1451
and 1461 give long lists of tenants ; John
Rigby held Ballsdean ; Thomas Laith-
•waite, Brinsop ; and James Holden, Wind-
yates.

11 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 61. A service of four barbed
arrows, or i</., was due from it. The
place is not named in the Cockersand
Chartulary, though it occurs in the rentals;
and the Cockersand manor seems always
to have been reckoned as one oxgang.

la Coram Rege R. 297, m. 121, printed
in Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Notes, i, 6. The
rating of the township at one oxgang of
hide land seems an instance of beneficial
assessment ; two plough-lands would have

been more reasonable. It appears, indeed,
that in 1296 Margaret widow of Ellis de
Turton claimed against the Abbot of
Cockersand dower in a messuage and
plough-land in Westhoughton ; De Banco
R. 1 14, m. 86.

The abbot's moiety must have been the
result of the grants recorded in the pre-
vious note ; nothing is said in the suit as
to his lordship of the whole vill granted by
Henry de Sefton. Roger son of Ellis de
Westhoughton granted to Cockersand all
his claim in the waste in return for 8 acres
lying near his land of Birchley and another
8 acres lying near his land of Rylands.
This is the only grant in the Chartul.
(691), and is no doubt that mentioned in
the text.

John son of Thomas de Houghton in
1331 did not prosecute a claim he made
against the abbot in Westhoughton ; As-
size R. 1404, m. 19.

18 An account of the family, with illus-
trative deeds, by Mr. J. Paul Rylands, was
printed in the Gen. (1880), iv, 170-8.
The fields now called 'Ryelands' lie to
the south-west of the Quakers' meeting-
house on the road from Westhoughton to
Hindley.

John son of Robert de Rylands granted
to the canons of Cockersand all his land
in Ballesley, and followed this by a sur-
render of his claim in the waste, founded
on a charter by Adam de Pendlebury, in
return for 14 acres by the Wallbrook and
Warcock Hill ; Chartul. ii, 685, 686.

In Fine R. 80, 10 E i, m. 10, he is
called John del Rylondes de Halughton.

He was a juror at Manchester in 1282
to inquire into the value of knights' fees,
&c. ; Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), i, 1 68.

The abbot and canons of Cockersand
about 1280 leased to John the Jew the
land which they had from Richard de Ry-
lands in Westhoughton ; John also held
the land granted by John de Rylands, and
another portion bought from William de
Rylands ; Cbartul. ii, 694.

Richard son of John de Rylands (Duchy
Misc. 3/9) was probably a clerk, as he is
styled Master Richard in 1282 ; Assize
R. 10 Edw. I (Rec. Soc. xlvii, 175). He
is named in 1302 ; Assize R. no. 418, m.
2. He was the first witness to a settle-
ment, dated at Hulton 3 Nov. 1338, of
Adam de Hulton's lands in Westhoughton;
Mr. Hulton's D. Richard de Rylands
was a juror re Bradshagh in 1317. He
had at least two sons, William de Rylands,
named in Duchy of Lane. Misc. 3/9 and
Misc. R. div. 25, bdle. 2, no. ii, and
John de Rylands, who married a kins-
woman of Adam de Hindley, and in 1306
was wounded in an affray at Wigan ; As-
size R. no. 421, m. i d.

William and Robert de Rylands of
Westhoughton contributed to the subsidy
in 1327 and 1332.

In the Coram Rege Roll of 1334 (R.
297, m. 83) it is recorded that the Abbot

21

of Cockersand successfully claimed 14
acres of wood against John son of John de
Hulton, Robert son of Robert de Pendle-
bury, Richard de Bradshagh and Roger and
Adam his sons, and William de Rylands.
The jurors stated that the abbot was sole
lord. In the same roll (m. 121), how-
ever, it is also recorded that William de
Rylands and Agnes his wife claimed com-
mon of pasture in 100 acres of wood, and
200 acres of moss and pasture against the
abbot, Robert de Rylands, and Roger
Walet.

In this action William claimed as son
of Thomas son of the above-named John
de Rylands, the abbot admitting that in
1262 John de Rylands had held one-fourth
part of the lordship, and that the same had
devolved by descent upon William. It
therefore appears that in the year 1334
the Rylands family still retained their
right to one-fourth part of the lordship,
and the finding of the jury was in accord-
ance with the abbot's evidence. But it
seems probable that they were in fact
mesne tenants of the Abbot of Cocker-
sand, though in all probability their tenure
of their lands in Westhoughton com-
menced at a period anterior to the acqui-
sition of the manor by the abbey.

In the De Banco Rolls of 1333 and
1334 (296, m. 387, and 300, m. 232)
there are records of a dispute between
Ellen and Margery, daughters of Maurice
de Rylands, and Adam son of Richard de
Bradshagh regarding a messuage and land
in Westhoughton, from which it appears
that Ellen and Margery were sisters and
heirs of Richard de Rylands.

In 1348 Agnes widow of William de
Rylands granted to her nephew (nepos]
Adam son of Richard del Grange her part
of a messuage, water-mill, and horse-mill,
&C., held of the Abbot of Cockersand ;
Thomas Hodgeson de Rylands is men-
tioned ; Chart, ii, 755 (Add. MS. 32107,
fol. 190^).

In 1371-2 Robert de Maunton, chap-
lain, and John le Mort, executors of the
will of William son of Robert de Rylands
appeared against the Abbot of Cockersand
claiming that 30 acres of land and 10
acres of wood demised by the abbot to
William were unjustly held against the
said executors ; De Banco R. 443, m.

122.

The Abbot of Cockersand in 1395-6
leased to William Rylands and Thurstan
and Thomas his sons a tenement 'upon
condition that if they die within the term
[19 years] the abbot may re-enter, and
that they shall not alien without licence,
and that they shall repair the houses dur-
ing the term, and after the death of every
one to pay 1 3*. 4</.' ; and in the next year
the abbot gave a reversion to Thomas,
Lawrence, and John Rylands ; Local
Glean. Lanes, and Cbes. ii, 225, from
Duchy of Lane. Misc. R. div. 25, Z./u.

Lawrence de Rvlands of Wexham

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The Byrons also had lands in the township.14 In
1320 the Abbot of Cockersand was said to hold the
fortieth part of a fee in Westhoughton, paying id.
for sake fee and 6<t. for ward of the castle ; " and the
same tenure continued in I473.16

As in the case of most monastic estates, possession
by the canons was marked by few disputes or inci-
dents of note. In 1272 they procured a delimita-
tion of the boundary between Westhoughton and
Lostock on the north.17 The abbot made complaints
in 1343 and 1359 concerning the cutting down of
his trees.18 An inquiry was made in 1385 concern-
ing the surrender of lands to find a lamp to burn for
ever in the choir of the abbey church.19 A few
years before the Dissolution disputes broke out be-
tween the abbot and his tenants as to the right of

renewing their nineteen-year leases.*0 The manor
was farmed to Sir Thomas Langton in I 538.*'

Some years after the suppression the manor of
Westhoughton was granted by the king to James
Browne, citizen and haberdasher of London, for
£1,035 I is. %d., to be held by the tenth part of a
knight's fee and a rent of £$ 14.*. 8^.M His
descendants continued to hold it for about a century.13
They resided at Brinsop.

The Brothertons of Hey seem to have succeeded
them.84 The ' manor ' was in 1836 said to be held
by Lord Skelmersdale ; but none is now claimed by
Major Lionel Wilbraham, to whom this estate has
descended.25

Brinsop Hall was in the first half of the 1 8th cen-
tury in the possession of John Widdowes, who mar-

Bucks., had protections on going into
France in the retinues of Sir William
Philip, Sir Thomas Beaumont, and
others, between 1429 and 1439 ; Def.
Keeper's Rep. xlviii, App. The will of
Alice Rylands of London, proved in 1442,
contains a bequest to Wexham Church ;
Commissary of Lond. fol. 96.

Nicholas Rylands in 1474, when
seventy-eight years of age, in Leigh parish
church, swore upon a book that he had
never made a feoffment to Thomas
Stanley and Piers Legh, or to Roger Hul-
ton of the Park, sen., of his lands, &c.,
within Westhoughton ; nor had he made
a feoffment to his son William of his
father Robert's lands in Westhoughton,
Lowton, and Pemberton ; Gen. iv, 1 74.
The MS. containing this is now in the
Grosvenor Museum, Chester. Nicholas
had, in 1430, married Margery daughter of
Sir Thomas Gerard ; ibid. 172.

Ralph Rylands in 1503-4 released to
Anne widow of Geoffrey Shakerley, and
Peter son and heir of Geoffrey, all claim
on lands, &c., in the parishes of Winwick,
Leigh, and Deane ; ibid. 175.

Members of the Rylands family appear
in the rentals of Cockersand as tenants of
the abbey. In 1451 and 1461 Peter and
Hugh Rylands each held a tenement, pay-
ing what was then a substantial rent. In
1501 Peter's tenement was apparently
held by the wife of Geoffrey Shakerley,
and Hugh's tenement by Humphrey Ry-
lands ; and the latter one was held by
another Peter Rylands in 1537. Another
Peter was living at Westhoughton in
1587 ; Co. PaL Plea R. 29 Eliz. no. 261,
m. 19.

Ralph Rylands of Westhoughton re-
moved to Culcheth at the beginning of
the 1 7th century, and his descendants sub-
sequently settled at Warrington, with
which town they are still identified. One
of them, Mr. Peter Rylands, of Warring-
ton, was the Parliamentary representative
of that town in the latter part of the last
century ; Ped. in the Coll. of Arms.

Other members of the family continued
to reside in Westhoughton and neighbour-
ing townships. Peter Rylands of Daisy
Hillock, Westhoughton, agent for seques-
trations under the Parliament, died in
1663, leaving a son Peter, M.A. Trin.
ColL Dublin, who became treasurer and
vicar-choral of Limerick Cathedral, and
died without issue in 1695, having mar-
ried Diana daughter of Sir Drury Wray,
bart. who was remarried to Archdeacon
Twigge of Limerick ; Gen. iv, 177-8.

14 Geoffrey son of Geoffrey de Byron
for 1 5 marks released to the canons of
Cockersand all the land he had held of

them at a rent of I2</.; and Richard son
of Robert de Worsley gave a quitclaim
also; Chart, ii, 690. In 1292 Richard
du Boulton, Richard son of Roger de
Worsley, William de Aintree, and others
claimed a tenement in Westhoughton
from the Abbot of Cockersand, but were
non-suited ; Assize R. 408, m. 46.

14 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii, 71.

18 Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), 480. It
appears, however, that the abbot paid a
rent of 1 3*. $d. to the lord of Manches-
ter ; Duchy of Lane. Rentals and Surv.
bdle. 5, no. 2.

V Chart, ii, 675-6. The bounds
followed Bishop's lache to Buckshaw
brook, up this brook to its head, then
along Mother lache, between the rushy
land and the deep moss, to Winyates carr
and then to the head of Redshaw, crossing
the moss from this point in a straight
line to the syke between Rumworth and
Suynul (? Snydale).

18 Assize R. 430, m. 6d.; Duchy of
Lane. Assize R. 7, m. i d.

19 Sir John de Ipre and John de Titter-
ington, vicar of Mitton, desired to give a
messuage and 40 acres in Westhoughton,
held of the Abbot of Cockersand, for the
purpose named. The premises paid a
rent of -id. a year to the abbot, who held
them of Sir John La Warre as of the
fee of the barony of Manchester in free
alms, and by the service of id. yearly ;
Chan. Inq. p.m. 8 Ric. II, no. 69.

20 Some of the tenants it appeared had
held their lands without taking the trouble
to renew their leases; but in 1530 it
was ruled that they must renew at the
expiration of the term, paying a penny to
the abbot as 'earnest penny,' or 'God's
penny,' and another penny to the steward
as 'entry penny,' according to the cus-
tom ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 192-4.

About 1520 Richard Urmston, who had
married Ellen daughter of Nicholas Hoi-
den, claimed on her behalf a tenement in
Westhoughton. The actual holder, Peter
Williamson, claimed in right of his wife,
who was a widow and married him with-
out the abbot's consent, whereby, it was
alleged, her right was forfeited ; ibid, ii,
1 50. The claim of Ellen Gorton, made
about the same time, has some interesting
details ; ibid, i, 99.

21 Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches. i,
181.

22 Pat. 37 Hen. VIII, pt. 4, m. 24.

The lands of the monastery of Cocker-
sand, including the manor of Westhough-
ton, were recovered in 1821, Richard
Dashwood being vouchee ; Pal. of Lane.
Assize R. Lent, 2 Geo. IV, rot. 12.

22

28 It was found in 1588 that James
Browne at his death in 1587 had held the
manor of Westhoughton and various lands
of the queen by the twentieth part of a
knight's fee ; its value was £10 a year.
In 1562 he had granted it to his son
Robert, who had married Anne daughter
of John Langtree, with remainder to
Robert's son James ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xiv, 37.

Anne daughter of William Banaster
married — Browne of Brinshope ; Dug-
dale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 25. Anne wife
of James Browne, and Mary wife of Jame*
Browne, both of Westhoughton, were re-
cusants in 1619 ; Manch. Sess. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 82.

In 1622 James and Robert Browne
made a settlement of the manor of West-
houghton and seventy messuages, &c.,
1,000 acres of land, 300 acres of meadow,
&c., in the township ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 101, no. 6.

James Browne held the manor by the
twentieth part of a knight's fee at his
death in 1633 ; Robert his son and heir
was forty years of age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 2. The will of James
Browne was proved at Chester in 1633.

In 1636 Robert Browne of Brinsop and
Richard Browne his son and heir conveyed
to Christopher Anderton certain messuages
on the north side of the king's highway
between Manchester and Chorley ; An-
derton D. no. 1 1 6. In 1 6 5 5 Westhoughton
was counted among the Anderton of Los-
tock manors, but does not appear later ;
ibid. no. 123.

In 1665 Ralph Browne obtained a ver-
dict against James Browne for depastur-
ing; Exch. of Pleas, Hil. 16 & 17 Chas. II,
m. 39. The will of Ralph Browne of
Brinsop was proved at Chester in 1689.

Kuerden about 1690 speaks of the
Browne of Ince near Wigan being brother
of the Browne of Brinsop ; Local Glean.
Lanes, and Cbes, i, 214.

The deforciants in 1650 were Sir
Thomas Smith, Dr. Edmund Mainwaring,
and Peter Leycester, all Cheshire men, and
probably trustees ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 149, m. 103.

M Recovery at the Lent Assizes, 1812 ;
William Brown Brotherton and wife, and
Thomas William Brown Brotherton,
vouchees.

Disputes concerning the inclosing of
the commons had occurred in the I7th
century between Atherton and Brotherton;
Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. ii, 247, 293.

25 Baines, Lanes, iii, 49, and informa-
tion of Mr. William Roper. The Wil-
braham estate consists of a number of
farms acquired in various ways.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

ried Margaret Roby. Their daughter Esther inherited
it, and by marriage in 1 749 conveyed it to her hus-
band James Milnes of Wakefield ; their son, also
James Milnes, bequeathed it in 1805 to his cousin
Benjamin Gaskell of Clifton in Eccles, whose grand-
son, Mr. Charles George Milnes Gaskell of Thornes
House, Wakefield, is the present owner.*6

The change of tenure from monastic to secular
lords was accompanied by a number of lawsuits
respecting the customs of the manor."

The Pendlebury family, already mentioned, held
SNFD4LE of the lord of Manchester as early as 1 2 1 2,zs

and appear to have retained it
down to the end of the i6th
century,39 when it passed to
the Worthingtons, who re-
mained in possession for a
century and a half.30 On
the bankruptcy of William
Worthington in 1744 it
was purchased by the Starkies
of Huntroyde, who still re-
tain it. No manorial rights
are exercised.31

STARKIE of Hunt-
royde. Argent a bend
sable between six storks

2S Information of Mr. Milnes Gas-
kell.

87 Numerous references to these suits
will be found in the Ducatus Lane.

In X553 James Browne complained
that William Reeve and others had forcibly
entered two messuages and 100 acres of
land, parcel of his manor of Westhoughton,
* by reason of a feigned custom they call
tenant right.' The defendants claimed
common of pasture and turbary for fuel to
be burnt in their tenement. William
Pendlebury deposed that his father Nicholas
had had a messuage and land for the
' town's term ' of nineteen years, paying
to the Abbot of Coekersand 14*. lod.
He had succeeded his father, and paid an
'earnest penny or God's penny,' and an
entry penny, and was one of those affected
by the settlement between the abbot and
his tenants already mentioned. Others
said that plaintiff was 'very covetous,
cumbersome, insatiable, and extreme' with
his tenants and farmers, and was trying
to evade or upset the settlement. Plain-
tiff, who lived at Brinsop, denied this, and
said that defendants, acting on bad advice,
were troubling him needlessly. One of
them had admitted that a scholar in his
house, since gone to Cambridge, had ad-
vised him to say that 8*. he had paid was
for a fine for his house, whereas it was
for arrears of rent. Ralph Browne, brother
of James, acted as his bailiff"; Duchy
Plead. Hi, 14.5-51.

James Browne was again plaintiff in
1556, Adam Hulton and others being
defendants. He claimed to have suc-
ceeded the Abbots of Coekersand as lords
of the manor, and of the waste. Many
approvements had been made, cottages and
mills built, mostly long before the Disso-
lution. The abbots had held courts, taken
perquisites and profits, and appointed con-
stables and other officers. The defence
attempted was that the lord of Manchester
was the true lord of the manor and of the
wastes, and that the Abbot of Coekersand
had paid a chief rent of i8i/. a year for
his lands in Westhoughton ; Duchy of
Lane. Dep. Ixxiv, B. 2.

Probably as a consequence of this the
jury at Manchester Court Leet in 1557
found that a rent of i8</. was due from
the township of Westhoughton, but had
been withheld ; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i,
35. Nothing further is heard of this
claim, James Browne having no doubt
justified his title. The constables of
Westhoughton were summoned to attend
the Manchester court down to the end of
the 1 7th century, but had ceased to ap-
pear ; ibid, vi, 254.

From a summary of depositions made in
1588 it appears that the manor-house had
been the grange of the Abbots of Cocker-
sand. The decrees previously made against
the alleged ' tenant right ' were recited,
and it was stated that the old name was

' town term.' Against the claim of custom
the following reasons were alleged : — Most
of the tenants had taken leases from James
Browne the grandfather of the James
Browne of 1588 ; a great part of the
tenants were not the heirs in blood of the
old tenants ; many of the tenements had
been inclosed from the waste ; some ten-
ants had assigned their tenements without
the leave of the lord ; most of them had
committed waste ; and many of the wives
of deceased tenants and their heirs had
not taken up their tenements within the
prescribed twelve months; Duchy of Lane.
Misc. bdle. 3, no. 9.

28 Snydale has taken many forms.
Albert Grelley, jun. gave Ellis de Pen-
dlebury ' Sliuehale ' by i zJ. or by a sor-
hawk a year, and Ellis held the land in
1 21 2 ; Inq, and Extents, i, 58. From its
position it appears to be the Suynul or
Suinhul (? Sniuhul) of the Coekersand
Char, (ii, 676-7), which Roger son of
Adam de Pendlebury excepted from his
grant to the abbey.

It should be noticed that the Pendle-
burys had lands also in Halliwell, of which
there is a part called Smithills.

In 1320 Robert de Pendlebury held
' Smythell ' for one sparrow-hawk or izd. ;
Mamecestrtj 290.

Isabel Hulton and {Catherine her
daughter in 1449 received £39 from the
lands called Snydale in Westhoughton for
the marriage of {Catherine, from Sir Geof-
frey Massey of Worsley and Margery his
wife ; Ellesmere D. no. 221.

Henry son of Robert de Pendlebury
and Joan his wife had in 1363 and
later years disputes with Hugh de Leigh,
John de Leigh, and John son of Rich-
ard de Leigh, concerning messuages,
&c., in Westhoughton ; De Banco R.
413, m. 100 ; 418, m. 315 d. ; 438, m.
209 d.

In 1532 Roger Pendlebury of West-
houghton was murdered in his house. An
inquest was held, but, as his brother and
heir William averred, by the favour and
contrivance of Ralph Bradshagh the cor-
oner, the jury found the crime had been
committed in self-defence ; Duchy Plead,
ii, 51.

29 Adam son of Roger Pendlebury in
1531 granted a lease of Snydale to Adam
Hulton of the Park ; Towneley MS.
RR, n. 58.

In 1574 a settlement was made of a
messuage, windmill, 40 acres of land,
&c., in Westhoughton, by Roger and
Ralph Pendlebury ; after these the re-
mainders were to William, Nicholas,
Adam, Richard, and Lawrence Pendle-
bury in succession ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 36, no. 83.

A sequel to this arrangement is given
in Duchy of Lane. Plead, clxv, P. 8.
William, a son of Robert Pendlebury of
'Snythyll,' in 1595, alleged that Roger

23

proper.

P e n d lebury,
the son and

heir of Robert, had been seised of the capital
messuage called ' Snythull,' with barns, or-
chards, fishings, &c., in the parish of Deane.
Having no sons, Roger settled the estate
on his brothers successively — Ralph, Wil-
liam (plaintiff), Nicholas, Adam, Richard,
and Lawrence. Ralph having died, Roger
sold to Christopher Anderton the mar-
riage of his daughter Anne, afterwards
wife of James Worthington, with the re-
version of the estate should Anne die
childless. In 1613 James Worthington of
Sneithell and Anne his wife had a son
Ralph, twelve years of age ; Visit, of 1 6 1 3
(Chet. Soc.), 126; also Visit, of 1567
(Chet. Soc.), 28.

There was a recovery of Snydale in
1585, Christopher Anderton being tenant
and Roger Pendlebury vouchee ; Ander-
ton D. no. 48. The marriage of Anne
Pendlebury the daughter had been granted
in 1580 as appears by an exemplification
at the request of James Worthington ;
ibid. no. 74.

80 The sale, or more probably mort-
gage, referred to in the last note, was
made in 1584, ten years after the settle-
ment, when Christopher Anderton ac-
quired from Roger Pendlebury and Anne
his wife the capital messuage called Sny-
thell, with lands in Westhoughton and
Golborne ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
46, m. 190.

James Worthington, of ' Snithell ' and
Barnard's Inn, a younger son of Lawrence
Worthington of Crawshaw, married Anne,
daughter and sole heir of Roger Pendle-
bury ; Visit, of 1613 (Chet. Soc.), 126.
He contributed to the subsidy as a land-
owner in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 1 60.

His son and heir Ralph was twelve
years of age in 1613. Ralph Worthing-
ton of ' Smithells ' was a member of the
Presbyterian classis in 1646 ; Baines,
Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 227.

In 1690 William Worthington and
Ralph, Peter, and John Worthington made
a settlement of the 'manor of West-
houghton ' and of messuages and lands
there and in Thornton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 225, m. 53.

From William Worthington the tithes
of ' Snydle or Snythill,' &c., were pur-
chased in 1726-7 by William Leigh ;
Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), iii, 234, from
Rolls I & 2 of Geo. II at Preston.

William son of William Worthington
of Bolton matriculated at Queen's Col-
lege, Oxford, in 1739, being fifteen years
of age ; he proceeded to the B.A. degree ;
Foster, Alumni Oxon.

William Worthington was vouchee in
a recovery of the manor in 1745 ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 560, m. 8 d.

81 Information of Mr. Daniel Howsin
of Padiham.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Other families holding land here were the Brad-
shaghs," Hultons," Leighs,14 Reeves,35 and Moly-
neuxes.16 Many other names may be gathered from
rentals and inquisitions.87

The only freeholders named in 1600 were James
Browne, Robert Leigh, William Molyneux, and
Thomas Richardson.*8 James Browne, James Worth-
ington, and William Leigh contributed to the subsidy
of 1622 as landowners.*9 In 1786 the principal

owners were the Duke of Bridgewater, — Milne,.
R. Wilbraham Bootle, William Hulton, — Starkie,
— Worthington, the Misses Molyneux, and Thomas
Green.40

There was a dispute as to inclosures in 1631— 2.u
The inclosure award, with two plans, may be seen at
Preston."

Westhoughton was the scene of Luddite riots in
1812; four men were executed for joining in them.4*"

•* Adam son of Richard de Bradshagh
in 1331 acquired a messuage and land ; the
remainders were to his brother Henry, and
to Richard son of John de Bradshagh ;
Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 80.

88 In 1311-12 Richard son of Richard
de Hulton released to the abbey of Cocker-
sand all his claim to wastes and pastures
within Westhoughton, reserving common
of pasture and reasonable estovers for
himself and his tenants ; Hulton Fed. 6.

Ellen daughter of John de Hulton
granted to Hugh de Hulton and Agnes
his wife her toft and croft called the Park
and her meadow with appurtenances in
Westhoughton ; Towneley MS. RR., no.
103.

John son of Adam de Heaton m 1337
claimed a messuage and lands against
Adam son of Richard de Hulton. The
defendant said he held jointly with Roger
his son, not named in the writ. The
claim was not pursued ; Assize R. 1424,
m. 9 ; 1425, m. 2.

In later times lands in Snydale in West-
houghton were held also by the Hultons
of Farnworth ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
iii, no. 26.

An agreement was made in 1521 be-
tween Adam Hulton of Hulton and
William Hulton of Farnworth respecting
lands in Westhoughton, Manchester, Bar-
ton, Lever, and Bolton ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 132, m. 6.

Adam Hulton, a tenant in 1556, men-
tioned in a previous note, was son of
William and grandson of Adam Hulton.
In 1597 Adam Hulton and Alice his wife
made a grant of their messuage, &c. ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 58, m. 275.

84 Kucrden has preserved short notes of
some deeds of this family, but they are
very unsatisfactory, dates being seldom
given and no details of the lands con-
cerned ; iii, H. 4. Among them are grants
from Hugh de Leigh to John his son and
Margery daughter of Henry de Ains-
worth, — Edw. Ill (no. i) ; from Henry
son of Laucoc son of Ranne (?) de West-
houghton to Richard son of John de Leigh,
I2(?) Edw. Ill (6) ; from Mabel de Leigh
to John de Leigh of Cheetham and his son
Richard de Leigh of Westhoughton (9) ;
from Robert de Pendlebury of West-
houghton to Richard de Leigh, 9 Hen. VI
(16) ; from the trustee to Richard de
Leigh, with remainders to his sons James,
William, Roger, Thomas, Thurstan, and
John, 23 Hen. VI (18) ; from the trustees
to James Leigh, with remainders to Agnes
daughter of Henry Hindley, for her life,
and to Robert son and heir of John Leigh,
?Hen. VII (21, 22) ; from John Leigh,
senior, to Robert his son and heir, 6 Hen.
VIII (27) ; from Robert son and heir of
John [Leigh] to trustees, with remainder
to John his son (29) ; Robert Leigh was
living in the reign of Philip & Mary (35).

From the Cockersand rentals it may be
seen that Richard Leigh was a free tenant
in 1451, his rent being zid. ; James

Leigh in 1461 ; and John Leigh in 1501
and 1536. John Leigh of Westhough-
ton, aged sixty and more, was witness in a
tenant-right dispute in 1521 ; Duchy
Plead, i, 1 08.

Robert Leigh son of John Leigh, and
John Leigh grandson of John Leigh, were
among the defendants in the dispute of
1556.

In 1571 ten messuages and land m
Westhoughton, Duxbury, Chorley, and
Hindley were the subject of a fine, the de-
forciants being John Leigh and Robert
his son and heir, the latter's wife being
named Anne ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 33, m. 49.

John Leigh of Westhoughton, who
died in 1 6 1 8, held lands of the lord of
Westhoughton in socage by izd. rent, the
estate being six messuages, a water-mill,
&c. ; he also had lands in Hindley, Dux-
bury, and Chorley. William Leigh, his
son and heir, was twenty-seven years of
age ; I. ana. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 133.

This son was afterwards rector of
Standish, and ancestor of the Leighs of
Singleton Grange; Dugdale, Visit. 183.
A later William Leigh occurs in 1686 ;
Excb. Dtp. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
67.

85 James Reeve of Westhoughton, aged
fifty-four, was a witness in 1521 ; Duchy
Plead, i, 101. William Reeve, as al-
ready stated, was a defendant in 1553 ;
ibid, iii, 145. Robert Reeve was fre-
quently a juror in the time of James I ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. i, 36, &c. He is prob-
ably the Robert Reeve who died in 1 640,
holding a messuage, &c., in Westhough-
ton of the lord of the manor, and another
at Penketh ; Richard his son and heir
was fifty-three years of age ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxx, 37,

86 From the Rentals it appears that in
1451 John Sale was one of the free ten-
ants, paying 6s. \od. ; the wife of John
Sale held the same in 1461 ; the wife of
John Molyneux in 1501 ; and Henry
Molyneux in 1536.

Robert Molyneux, who died in July
1545, held one messuage, &c., of James
Browne as of his manor of Westhough-
ton, by services unknown, and another of
the same by a rent of 6s. loo1. ; he had
married Anne daughter of Thomas Ma-
kand, and left a son and heir William,
about four years old. Robert's father,
William Molyneux of Mouldsworth, Che-
shire, had held the above tenement, and
another called Warcock Hill, which he
sold to Roger Urmston of Lostock ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 32. In a later
inquisition (1561) the service is called
'knight's service and the rent of 6s. io</.';
Anne, the widow, was then living at
Haigh, and William the son was nine-
teen years old and more ; ibid, xi, no.
50.

William Molyneux, perhaps his son,
was frequently a juror in the time of
James I ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. i, 28, &c.

24

Henry Molyneux of Westhoughton
was in 1646 a member of the Presby-
terian classis ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. iS68),.
i, 227. His will was proved at Chester
in 1662.

A number of allusions (about 1690) to-
Nathaniel Molyneux of Daisy Hill in
Westhoughton and some of his letters
will be found in Kenyon MSS. (Hist. AfSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv). He used ' to ex-
change broad money for narrow ' (p. 1 74),
according to an informer. His son Thomas-
matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, in
1683, and entered Gray's Inn ; Foste^
Alumni. He was afterwards knighted. He
married Margaret More, heiress of the
Mores of Loseley, and died in 1719 ; see-
G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, ii, 176.
His son, Sir More Molyneux, knighted
in 1724, entered Corpus Christi College,
Oxford, in 1709, aged nineteen; became
a commissioner of excise, and died in
1769. His son, Thomas More Molyneux,
of Wadham College, died in 1776 ; Foster,
Alumni Oxon. In 1750 John Probyn
purchased from Sir More Molyneux,
Richard Wyatt and Susannah his wife,
and Jane Molyneux, spinster, twelve mes-
suages, 50 acres of meadow, &c., in West-
houghton and Great Bispham, and the
manor and rectory of Westleigh ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 345, m. 85. For
the later descents of the More Molyneux
family see Burke, Landed Gentry.

87 There were nine free tenants in
1251. In 1451 there were only five —
John Sale, Richard Leigh, Richard Hodg-
kinson, Henry Isherwood, and Margery
Chaddock. This arrangement was un-
altered down to the Dissolution. Deeds
of Richard Hodgkinson, in 1457, are re~
corded in Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxvii, App.

175-

The inquisitions post mortem of Isabel
Harrington (1519), Alexander Osbaldes-
ton (1543), Roger Downes of Worsley
(1639), and Ralph Holden (1634) show
that they had had some lands in the town-
ship, but the tenures are not stated ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 2 ; xxvii,
no. 54 ; xxvii, no. 39. The heir of the
last-named was his nephew James Holden,
son of Richard ; but Ralph had a son
William. Francis Locker was in 1631
found to have held a messuage and land*
of the king by the two hundredth part of
a knight's fee ; Francis, his son and heir,
was just of age ; Janet, the widow, wa*
living at Chorley ; ibid, xxv, no. 40.

Some particulars of the Hart family's
holding are given in Duchy Plead, ii,
157-

88 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
246-9.

89 Ibid, i, 1 60.

40 Land-tax returns at Preston.

41 Pleas of Crown, Lane. bdle. 330.

43 The Inclosure Act is 1 1 Geo. I,
cap. 32.

48 See Lanes, and Ckes. Hist, and Gen.
Notes, iii, 80 ; Manch. Guardian N. and Q.
no. 638, 660.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

The canons of Cockersand probably
CHURCH maintained a chaplain on their manor.
A chapel existed in 1552." It was a
small thatched building, which in 1731 gave place to
a brick church ;44 this again was replaced in 1869-70
by the present church, known as St. Bartholomew's,
built at the expense of John Seddon.46 There was
* no service ' there in i6o5,47 but this may have been
a temporary cessation. The Commonwealth surveyors
recommended that it should be made a parish church,48
but nothing seems to have been done until 1860, when
a district chapelry was formed.49 The income is given
as £442. The vicar of Deane is patron. The fol-
lowing have been curates and incumbents : — M

oc. 1627 John Ridgeley"

oc. 1630 Alexander Horrocks"

1651 John Isherwood 5I

oc. 1671 John Edleston

1696 — Wood

1700 Joseph Leese, B.A. (Christ's College)

1720 William Orme, B.A.

1732 Robert Harvey, B.A.44

1755 John Chisnall, B.A."

1782 Thomas Whitehead, M.A. (Glasgow)66

1788 Thomas Heys, M.A. (Oxford) a

1 8 1 6 Chris. Bateson, B.A. (Pembroke Coll.)

1825 Thomas Fogg, B.A. (St. John's College,
Oxford) M

1842 James Richard Alsop, B.A. (Brasenose
College, Oxford) »

1868 William Henry Rankin, M.A. (Corpus

Christi College, Oxford) "

1869 Kinton Jacques, M.A. (Brasenose Col-

lege, Oxford) "

1890 Christopher Cronshaw 6t
1908 George Henry St. Patrick Garrett,

M.A., B.D. (T.C.D.)

Also in connexion with the Established Church,
St. John the Evangelist's, Wingates, was built in
1858, and had a separate district assigned to it in
1 860 ; the vicar of Deane is the patron.63 St. James's,
Daisy Hill, was opened in 1 88 1; the Bishop of Man-
chester presents to it.64

The Wesleyan Methodists have had a place of
worship since 1785. The Primitive Methodists also
have a chapel.

The Congregational Church at Westhoughton
originated from preaching begun in 1 8 1 1 ; a room
was built in 1817, and another in 1826 ; after which
a church was formed. In 1853 a chapel was built.64

The Society of Friends began meetings here in
1806 ;€6 the meeting-house was built in 1823. A
graveyard is attached.

In 1586 the vicar of Deane presented that 'divers
priests ' were harboured at the house of Ralph Holme
of Chequerbent,67 but apart from this there seems no
record of the survival of the old religion in the town-
ship. The church of the Sacred Heart was built in
1894, replacing one opened in I873.68

A school was founded about 1 740 ; another at
Wingates in 1818.

OVER HULTON, MIDDLE HULTON,
LITTLE HULTON

Helghetun and Hulton, 1235 (same document) ;
Hilton, 1288, 1292 ; Hulton, 1292 ; the form Hilton
continued in use till the xvii cent.

The ancient district of Hulton, having an area of
4,540 acres, in time became three townships. QVER
HULTON, the western portion, has an area of 1,316
acres,1 and measures about 2 miles from north to
south, by a mile and a half across. Hulton Park
occupies much of the southern part of the area. The
ground slopes from about 500 ft. in the north to
300 ft. in the south.

The road from Deane and Bolton to Atherton and
Warrington runs along the eastern boundary, and is
crossed about the centre by that from Manchester
and Walkden to Westhoughton and Blackrod.
The crossing is marked by the hamlet of Hulton
Lane Ends. To the north of the road are several
collieries. The London and North Western Com-
pany's line from Bolton to Kenyon Junction passes
along the north-western boundary. There is no

44 The Royal Commissioners in 1552
found at the chapel ' a chalice and other
ornaments for a priest to say mass in ' ;
Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 27. The build-
ing itself was redeemed from the king's
hands for 1 3*. ±d. or zos. ; Baines, Lanes.
Chantries (Chet. Soc.), ii, 277-8.

In Mary's reign tenants of Westhough-
ton complained that James Browne had
caused an interruption of the service in the
chapel ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 296.

45 Gastrell, Nofitia (Chet. Soc.), ii, 45.
Bishop Gastrell found the certified income
to be only 41*. 6d. ; about £50 stock be-
longed to it, and the contributions had
been as much as £20 a year. In
1719 it was augmented with land to the
value of £200, taken from the common
at inclosure ; and there was a good house
for the curate.

48 Bolton Journ. 7 May 1887.
4? Visit. P. at Chester.

48 Commonwealth Cb. Suri>. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 38 ; £40 a year had
been appropriated to it from the tithes of
Deane sequestered from Mr. Anderton.

49 Land. Gaz. 25 Jan. 1860 ; for endow-
ments, ibid. 3 Mayi844, and 14 Nov.i873.

40 The Church Papers at Chester Dioc.
Reg. only begin in 1 700. There was a curate
summoned to the Visitation of 1562, but
he had disappeared by 1565. There was
'a minister* there in 1635 ; his name is
not recorded, but he would be Alexander
Horrocks ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 112.

61 Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxii, 200 ;
he was ' unlicensed and illiterate, and
would not allow a Common Prayer book
to lie in the chapel.'

M Calling himself ' minister of the Gos-
pel at Deane' he subscribed the 'Har-
monious Consent' in 1648. Two years
later he was described as a ' godly, orthodox
divine'; Commonwealth Ch. Surv. ut sup.
He is often said to have been vicar of Deane,
but this seems to be a mistake ; he was
curate of Westhoughton (and Deane) and
lecturer at the parish church. He died at
Turton in 1650. See a notice of him,
with his will, in Pal. Note Bk. iii, 23.

ss Plund. Mint. Accts. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.), i, 104. After the Restoration
James Bradshaw, formerly rector of Wigan
and expelled from Macclesficld in 1662,
used to preach in Westhoughton Chapel

25

occasionally ; Bridgeman, Wigan Ch.
(Chet. Soc.), 470.

64 Will proved at Chester, 1755. He
left ,£100 for the benefit of the township ;
this was applied to the school. He was
curate of Horwich for part of the time.

i& He had been curate of Walmsley in
Turton and lecturer at Bolton ; Scholes
and Pimblett, Bolton, 330.

48 He also had been lecturer at Bolton ;
ibid.

47 Was curate also of Culcheth (q.v.),
but resided at Westhoughton.

68 Afterwards incumbent of Hornby.

49 Author of Faith and Practice, &c. ;
afterwards vicar of Bednall.

60 Rector of Meysey Hampton, 1869.

81 Afterwards rector of Brindle.

82 Previously vicar of St. Matthew's,
Bolton. M Land. Gam. 31 Mar. 1860.

84 Ibid. 10 Feb. 1882 for district.

84 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iv, 123.

86 Life of Jos. Buckley, 97.

87 Baines, Lanes, quoting Harl. MS. 360,
fol. 32.

68 Kelly, Engl. Cath. Missions, 425.
1 1, 2 1 6, including 12 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

village. The population in 1901 was 1,038.* Some
portion of the area was in 1898 incorporated in the
borough of Bolton, the remainder being added to
Westhoughton.

MIDDLE HULTON, over 2 miles from north to
south, and a mile and a quarter from east to west,
has an area of 1,517 acres. In the northern half of
the township a height of over 500 ft. is attained, but at
the southern boundary the land is below the 300 ft. line.

The principal road is that from Manchester and
Swinton to Westhoughton, which is joined by one
from Farnworth passing west through the hamlets of
Hollins and Edgefold. Several roads run from north
to south. There is no village, but on the northern
boundary dwellings are being built, which are an
extension of Bolton. In 1901 its population was
included with Rumworth.

This township was in 1898 added to the borough
of Bolton.

LITTLE HULTON is of irregular shape, part of
it cutting Walkden off from Farnworth. Its area is
1,707 acres.3 The surface slopes generally from
380 ft. in the north-west to less than 200 ft. above
sea level in the south-east.

The principal road, through the centre of the
township, is that from Manchester to Westhoughton
—on the line of an old Roman road ; from it others
spread off to Farnworth on the north and Tyldesley
on the south. Along it are dwelling-houses almost
the whole way. The district called Peel occupies
the centre of the southern half; Wharton lies in the
south-west corner. The London and North Western
Company's Bolton and Eccles line crosses the centre
of the township, and has a station on the main road,
called Little Hulton. There are a number of col-
lieries in the township, and these are served by special
railways. The population was 7,294 in igoi.4

A local board was formed in 1872,* and this was
in 1894 replaced by an urban district council, the
twelve members being elected by two wards.

There are extensive collieries in Little Hulton and
Middle Hulton.6

The hearth tax return of 1666 yields the following :
In Over Hulton 41 hearths, with only one large house,
that of William Hulton, 9 hearths ; Middle Hulton,
66 ; Little Hulton, 102, the largest houses being those
of Roger Kenyon, Margaret Mort, and Robert Mort,
with 15, 14, and 6 respectively.7

The early history of the manor ot
M4NOR HULTON is obscure. It was held by
the Barton family, for the most part in
conjunction with Worsley in thegnage.8 This was held
under them by the Worsley family, who, as to part
at least, came into possession about 1200.' Their
manor was described as three-fourths of Hulton ; 10 the
remainder, two oxgangs, being the lordship of the
Hulton family, in Over Hulton.

This last family is obviously of Welsh origin ; the
first Lancashire members of it — lorwerth and Madoc,
sons of Bleiddyn — are sup-
posed to have been among
the faithful vassals of Robert
Banastre, expelled from Wales
about 1 1 67." lorwerth de
Hulton held two oxgangs in
Hulton, and received from
King John, when Earl of
Mortain, Broughton and Ker-
sal Wood in Manchester.11
lorwerth was living in 1212,
when he held in chief the vill
of Pendleton, in exchange for
Broughton.13 He had a nu-
merous family,14 and dying in 1215" was succeeded
by his son Richard, who in 1219 had a lease of the
Worsley portion of Hulton,16 and about the same time
secured from Edith de Barton a confirmation of the
two oxgangs in Hulton which his father had held of
her ; a rent of zs. was payable.17 Richard also had
a grant of land in Little Hulton from Richard de

HULTON of Hulton.
Argent a lion rampant
gules.

s The Westhoughton portion only.
8 1,699, including 39 of inland water ;
Census Rep. 1901. 4 Pop. Ret, 1901.

* Land. Gaz. 25 June 1872.

8 Baines' 1825 Directory shows acotton-
spinner in Little Hulton, a muslin manu-
facturer in Middle Hulton, and dimity
and fustian manufacturers in Over Hulton.

7 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

• Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 65.

9 Hugh Putrell granted to Richard, son
of Elias de Worsley half a plough-land
in Worsley at the rent of 101., and half a
plough-land in Hulton at 61. So". ; ibid,
i, 65 (from the Ellesmere D.). Hugh
Putrell was the grantee of Edith de Barton
in 1195 (Lanes. Pipe R. 94); but by 1212
the manors seem to have reverted to Edith
and her husband Gilbert de Notion ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extrnts, loc. cit.

The Hulton 6s. Sd. was in the time of
Elizabeth supposed to be the rent of
Middle Hulton ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1870),
',447-

10 In 1323 the whole service of the
manor of Worsley due to the chief lord
was 201. ; and in 1385 it was stated that
the manor of Worsley was held in socage by
i 31. tfd. rent, and three-fourths of Hulton
by 6s. -jd. ; Ellesmere D. no. 162, 172 ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 23.

u A pedigree of the Hulton family, con-
taining illustrative documents, prepared by

the late William Adam Hulton of Pen-
wortham and printed privately about 1 840,
has been used in these notes.

lorwerth de Hulton and Madoc his
brother were witnesses to a grant by
Gilbert de Lymme ; Hulton Ped. 48.
Robert son of lorwerth, son of Bleiddyn
de Hulton, released lands to David de
Hulton ; ibid. 2. See Final Cone. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 216.

By a deed undated Llewelyn son ot
Madoc de Eueras granted to Griffith his
firstborn son land in Hulton ; Towneley
MS. DD. no. 1288. Six of the witnesses
have Welsh names, thus affording addi-
tional evidence of a foreign colony in the
place. la Chart. R. (Rec. Com.), 27*.

18 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 65.

14 Robert, one of his sons, has been
mentioned above. Robert de Hulton and
his son Robert attested a grant by Gilbert
de Barton ; Wballey Couch. (Chet. Soc.),
i, 50. Ellen daughter of Robert de Hul-
ton remitted all her right in 8 acres in
Barton ; Hulton Fed. 2. Jordan, a brother
of Robert de Hulton (probably the younger
Robert), was rector of Warrington ;
Wballey Couch, iii, 919.

Meuric and Meredith de Hulton are
said to have been sons of lorwerth. Roger
son of Elias de Halton granted to John
son of Meuric de Hulton land between
Willamhespittes and Bradebroch ; Hulton
Ped. z. William son of Meredith de

26

Hulton released certain lands to Richard
son of David de Hulton in 1297 ; ibid. 3.
Paulinus de Haughton granted to
Cecily, daughter of lorwerth de Hulton, a
third part of Haughton ; ff 'bailey Couch.

'. 59-

15 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 252, 256.
Richard, his son, owed 20 marks for relief
of his father's lands.

16 Final Cone, i, 41. The six oxgangs
had been pledged to lorwerth de Hulton
for a term which had expired in 1219.
On Richard de Hulton acknowledging the
title of Richard de Worsley, the latter
leased them to him for seventeen years, at
the end of which term the land was to re-
turn quietly to the Worsleys, ' unless in the
mean time Richard de Hulton or his heirs,
with good intent towards Richard de
Worsley or his heirs, should do something
whereby the land ought finally to remain
to them.' An earlier suit respecting the
matter, in which lorwerth was defendant,
is mentioned in Curia Regis R. 42 (i 206),
m. 1 8.

At a later time David son of Richard
de Hulton gave to Richard son of Geof-
frey de Worsley a formal release of any
claim he might have in the six oxgangs ;
Ellesmere D. no. 41, 47.

l" Hulton Ped. i. It should be noticed
that the service due from Over Hulton to
the lord of Manchester was in the i6th
century a rent of 4^.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

Worsley.18 He was Serjeant of Salfordshire in

I222.19

Richard de Hulton died before 1230, leaving as
heir his son Richard, then a minor.20 This son
appears to have died without issue, and was succeeded
in turn by his brothers William and David, who
married Beatrice and Agnes, daughters and co-heirs of
Adam de Blackburn." To David de Hulton William
de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, in 1251, granted his lands
in Flixton and the manor of Ordsall.22 David had
several children, and was still living in 1282." About
1285 he died," being succeeded by his son Richard,25
who in 1304 obtained from Edward I a grant of free
warren in all his lands of Hulton and Ordsall, also in
Flixton and Heaton, outside the bounds of the royal
forests.26 The ' Park ' long continued to be the
distinctive name of the estate. Before 1312 he was
followed by his son, another Richard." At this point

there is some uncertainty in the succession. Richard
son of the last-named Richard, being childless, effected
a partition of the estates.28 Farnworth and Rum-
worth went to one branch of the family, while Hulton,
with lands in Westhoughton and Rumworth, were
bestowed upon Richard de Hulton's uncle Adam,29
from whom the hereditary succession is continuous to
the present time ; Ordsall with Flixton and Halli-
well with Blackburn passed to different branches of
the Radcliffe family.

Adam de Hulton was in possession in 1335, about two
years after the grant by his nephew,30 and a settlement
was then made of his park in Hulton and Westhoughton,
and his lands in Rumworth, Denton, and Manchester,
with the manors, mills, and appurtenances. The
occasion was the marriage of Adam's son Roger with
Aline daughter of Adam de Lever.sl Roger had by
1355" been succeeded by his son Roger, a minor,13

M Hulton Ped.T,. The grant included all the
land between Holesyke and Wholewhics-
waghe Brook and between Farnworth and
Tyldesley, the service being a rent of iz</.;
it was made when Sir William de Vernon
was sheriff of Lancaster, apparently as
early as 1204 ; P.R.O. List, 72.

19 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 133.

M Final Cone, i, izi, quoting Curia
Regis R. 107, m. 29 d., from which it ap-
pears that Robert de Hulton, being sum-
moned to justify his assarts in the woods
near Pendleton, adduced a charter of
Richard de Hulton, and called Richard,
son of the said Richard, to warrant him.
Richard the son being a minor and in
ward to the Earl of Chester, the case was
adjourned.

This younger Richard is probably the
Richard son of Christiana de Alreton who
had four oxgangs of land in Heaton under
Horwich in 1241.

21 Final Cone. loc. cit. ; Abram, Black-
burn, 251. As Beatrice widow of Wil-
liam de Hulton in 1256 claimed dower
in the Hulton lands in Salfordshire, it
would seem that William was the elder
brother and that David had succeeded him.
In Hulton itself he held two oxgangs of
land, one in demesne and one tenanted
by David son of AugereL

David is said to have had two other
brothers — Roger and John ; the latter was
rector of Radcliffe ; Hulton Fed. 4.

22 Gregson, Fragments, 347.

23 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, \, 249. His
children are stated to have been Richard,
Adam, Cecily, and John ; Hulton Fed. 4.
Cecily Daykins daughter of Hulton was
a defendant in 1348 ; Assize R. 1444,
m. 4.

84 Agnes, David's widow, claimed dower
in 1285 ; De Banco R. 59, m. 75.

85 In 1297 Richard son and heir of
David de Hulton made an agreement
with Richard son and heir of Henry de
Worsley, concerning an exchange of a
mediety of Little Haughton for lands and
easements in Hulton. The former re-
ceived 5 acres in the Gulnecroft, lying
next to his own land, and release of a road
leading to his mansion ; Eilesmere D.
no. 53.

Richard de Hulton acted as a juror in
1299 ; Inq. and Extents, i, 305. In 1301
he withdrew a claim against Richard de
Worsley and others respecting common of
pasture in 100 acres of land, &c., in Hul-
ton ; Assize R. 1321, m. I2</. He granted
land in Farnworth to William de Priest-
croft ; Hulton Fed. 4.

His wife Margery is said to have been
a daughter of Robert de Radcliffe, and to
have married secondly Geoffrey de Chad-
derton ; ibid. 5.

88 Chart. R. 97 (32 Edw. I), m. 2, no.
40.

27 As early as 1294 Richard son of
Richard son of David de Hulton received
from Joan daughter of Austin Crosscliff
lands in Halliwell, which she held of the
Abbot of Cockersand ; Hulton Fed. 5.

Richard, John, and Roger, sons of
Richard de Hulton, attested a Sharpies
charter about 1307; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 145/181.

In 1 3 1 i-i 2, when Richard was evidently
in possession of the lands, he released to
the Abbot of Cockersand all his right in
the wastes and pastures of Westhoughton,
reserving, however, common of pasture
and reasonable estovers for himself and his
tenants ; Hulton Fed. 6. He gave his
brother John in 1325-6 certain lands in
Hulton with reversion of the dower of
his mother Margery in Westhoughton ;
ibid. 5.

In June 1311 agreements as to bounds
and an exchange of lands in Hulton were
made by Richard de Hulton (probably the
son of Richard) and Richard de Worsley ;
Cartelache is named as the ' true division
between Salfordshire and Derbyshire ' ;
Eilesmere D. no. 56-7.

28 In 1331 Richard son and heir of
Richard de Hulton, in making a grant to
Robert son of Adam de Hulton in Irlam,
mentions his grandfather Richard ; De
Traffbrd D. no. 267.

In 1334 Richard de Hulton of Ordsall,
convicted with others of having broken
into the king's park at Ightenhill, re-
ceived a pardon ; Coram Reg. R. 298,
Rex m. 2.

Richard de Hulton had a wife Maud,
from whom he was divorced ; Assize R.
438, m. 15 d.

Sir Nicholas de Langford in 1344 at-
tempted to unsettle the disposition of the
estates, alleging that Richard de Hulton
had in 1334 granted him a rent of 200
marks, in case that he made an aliena-
tion without Nicholas's consent ; Assize
R. 1435, m. 40. Among the defendants
were John de Hulton of Manchester and
Roger de Atherton, who had received lands
in Rumworth ; Adam de Hulton and
Avice his wife, who had twelve messuages,
200 acres of land, &c., in Hulton, two
messuages, 40 acres of land, &c., in West-
houghton, and a messuage and land in
Rumworth. The defence was that Richard

27

had made an enfeoffment of his lands with
the advice of Sir Nicholas.

29 In 1333 Richard de Hulton, lord of
Ordsall, granted to his uncle Adam de
Hulton and his heirs all the grantor's land
in Westhoughton,with his manor and tene-
ment in Hulton, and that part of his lands
in Rumworth formerly held for life by
Richard del Meadow; Hulton Fed. 6. The
armorial seal shows the lion rampant, with
the legend : si . RICARDI . DE . HILTVN.

Richard son of Richard de Hulton
(perhaps of the Farnworth family) and
Adam his brother attested a local charter
in 1293 ; Eilesmere D. no. 49.

80 Adam de Hulton was a plaintiff in
1333 ; Cal. Pat. 1330-4, p. 498.

In 1334 Richard son of Alexander de
Denton claimed a fourth part of the manor
of Denton against Adam son of Richard
de Hulton and Avice his wife; De Banco
R. 338, m. 126 d.

Adam and his sons Roger and Robert
occur in 1343 ; Cal. Close, 1343-5, p. 82.

81 Hulton Fed. 7. There were remainders
to Robert and Hugh, brothers of Roger.
The lands in Denton and Manchester
seem to have come to Adam de Hulton
with his wife Avice ; ibid. ; a deed of
1316-17 being quoted.

Although the marriage of Roger the
son was arranged in 1335, it does not
seem to have taken place until 1346, when
the parents of the parties agreed as to
dower and maintenance ; ibid. 8. Roger
de Hulton was in 1343 found guilty of
overthrowing John de Hulton's house at
Rumworth ; Assize R. 430, m. 1 8.

Adam de Hulton had two other sons
named in a grant of 1347, by which
Roger and Robert, already named, gave
the reversion of a rent from Tyldesley to
their brothers Adam and Lowe ; Hulton
Fed. 9.

82 Roger son of Roger de Hulton is
found claiming the manor as early as
1356; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 5, m.
14, 1 8. He was called to warrant in
1355, being then a minor ; ibid. R. 4,
m. 4.

88 Roger son of Roger de Hulton had
the king's protection from all actions in
1371, on his setting out for Calais, in the
retinue of Nicholas de Tamworth, captain
of the town ; De Banco R. 444, m. 34 d.

Roger de Hulton was living in 1389,
when Hugh de Ince and others released
all actions to him, his son Roger, William
son of Adam de Hulton, &c. ; Hulton
Fed. 9.

In 1396-7 the feoffees of Roger de

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and his grandson Adam,*4 and Adam's son and heir
Roger married Ellen daughter of John Hulton of Farn-
worth.1* Their son Roger x had a son and successor,
also Roger, who married Katherine, a daughter and
co-heir of Sir James Harrington of Wolfage," and had
a son Adam, who married Alice, the daughter and heir
of John Hulton of Farnworth.*8 From this time, and
perhaps partly in consequence of the marriages named,
the Hultons of the Park became more prominent, and
soon outstripped their namesakes of Farnworth.

Adam Hulton was in 1523 summoned to take part
in the Scottish expedition led by the Earl of Surrey.39
Ten years later a short pedigree was recorded at the
herald's visitation.40 He was succeeded by his son
William, who died in September 1555,*' leaving a son
and heir Adam, married in infancy to Clemency
daughter of Sir William Norris of Speke." Adam
Hulton died in September 1572," leaving a son and
heir William, then of full age, who died in 1624,"
having survived his son Adam 4i and grandson Wil-

Hulton restored to him his manor of
Hulton, and lands there and in West-
houghton, &c., with remainder to Adam
his son ; and in 1404 Richard son of
John de Hulton of Halliwell resigned to
Roger son of Roger de Hulton various
lands in Hulton, Westhoughton, and
Rumworth which had belonged to Roger's
father, Roger, and his grandfather Adam;
Hulton Fed. 10.

William de Hilton, who, as a witness
of the French wars, was called upon to
give evidence in the Scrope-Grosvenor
trial, was perhaps son of this Roger ;
ibid. ; Scrope-Grosvenor R. 309.

84 In Dec. 1417 the feoffees of Adam
de Hulton restored to him the manor of
Hulton, &c., with remainder to his son
Roger, and a further remainder to the
heirs male of Adam's father Roger ;
Hulton Fed. II.

Adam's daughter Alice married Thomas
de Culcheth in or about 1420 ; ibid.

84 Ellen daughter of John Hulton and
* lately wife ' of Roger Hulton of the Park,
had lands in Nether Darwen, Bolton, and
Rivington in 1459 (3 June 37 Hen. VI) ;
ibid. 12.

In 1432 a settlement of boundaries was
made between the lands of Sir Geoffrey
Massey and those of Roger Hulton in
Hulton and James Hulton in Rum-
•worth ; Def>. Keeper' t Rep, xxiii, App. 33.

In 1437 Roger Hulton of the Park
agreed with Thomas Tyldesley for the
marriage of his daughter Alice with James
son and heir apparent of Thomas ; and in
J459 ('7 AuS- 37 Hen. VI) Alice widow
of James Tyldesley granted certain lands
to Roger Hulton her father, Roger Hulton
her brother, and Thurstan Tyldesley ;
Hulton Fed. 11-12. The last deed is per-
haps dated 37 Hen. VI instead of 36 in
•error; in which case Roger Hulton, senior,
died between 17 Aug. 1458 and 3 June
1459.

86 From a deed quoted in the last note
it is clear that Roger Hulton had a son
Roger, perhaps the Roger Hulton who
in 1458-9 arranged for the marriage of
his daughter Agnes to Richard son of
William Heatou ; ibid. 14. Roger son
and heir apparent of Roger Hulton of the
Park was a trustee for Thomas Tyldes-
ley in 1465 ; Yates Evidences.

•7 Hulton Fed. 14. A dispensation for
the marriage of Roger Hulton and Kather-
ine Harrington, related in the fourth de-
gree, was granted by Paul II, and issued
by the Bishop of Lichfield in Aug. 1469 ;
Lich. Epis. Reg. xii, fol. 149 A.

In 1500 Katherine, widow of Roger
Hulton, had her dower in Denton.

In 1473 Roger Hulton held the manor
of Middlewood in Hulton of the lord of
Manchester by the twentieth part of a
Tcnight's fee and puture, a rent of qj. and
castleward jd. ; Mamccettre, 497.

88 Hulton Fed. 15. The contract of
marriage, made 20 Oct. 1485, shows that
Roger, Adam's grandfather, was still liv-

ing ; the father is described as Roger
Hulton the younger of Hulton Park, and
the mother Katherine is named. Adam
was to be ready to wed Alice within ten
years from the date of the contract; Roger
promised to make an estate of 10 marks
a year clear value in favour of Alice, and
John Hulton would pay 80 marks to the
parents of Adam.

The parties being related in the fourth
degree through the marriage of Roger and
Ellen Hulton above recorded, a dis-
pensation was obtained from John de
Giglis, papal commissary in England, in
1489, a competent donation being made
to the crusade ; ibid. 16.

89 Ibid. 1 6 ; Adam Hulton had engaged
to provide forty able men for the expedi-
tion.

40 Vmt. of 1533 (Chet. Soc.), 209;
three descents are recorded — Adam, his
son William, and his grandson Adam,
with a record of the marriages and the
younger children.

Adam Hulton, squire, contributed to
the subsidy of 1541 as for '£30 in
lands '; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.},
i, 141.

41 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, 40 ;
Hulton Fed. 19. William Hulton died
seised of the manor of Over Hulton, with
messuages, lands, &c., in Over Hulton,
Westhoughton, Manchester, and Denton:
he had also possessed certain lands of the
inheritance of William Hulton of Farn-
worth lying in Harpurhey, Denton, Open-
shaw, and Chorlton. The manor of Over
Hulton and the lands in Westhoughton
and Manchester were held of the lord of
Manchester by a rent of q.d. Adam the
son and heir was thirty-six years of age.

In 1556 after 'certain variances and
debates' between Elizabeth widow of
William Hulton and Adam Hulton the
son and heir, Lord Mounteagle and his
son were chosen to arbitrate concerning
the widow's dower ; among other things
they decided that ' sixteen quarters of coals
yearly [should] be laid upon the bank of
the same coalpit, at [Adam's] own proper
costs, to the use of the said Elizabeth for
her natural life ; and it [should] be law-
ful for the said Elizabeth to command her
said tenants to lead yearly four quarters of
coal to her house if she be resident within
ten miles of Hulton Park '; Hulton Fed. 1 8.

48 The agreement for this marriage was
made early in 1530, messuages, &c., in
Wigan, Westhoughton, Hulton, and Den-
ton to the value of £10 being given to
trustees ; ibid. 17 ; Norris D. (B.M.).

In 1561 Norroy King of Arms granted
a crest to Adam Hulton ; Hulton Fed. 21.

In 1565 Adam Hulton and Sir William
Norris assigned lands in Harpurhey and
Gotherswick for the use of Adam's
daughter Margaret, she ' being very tender
and young,' with reversion to Adam son
of William son of Adam Hulton the
grantor, and to William brother of the
younger Adam ; Norris D. (B.M.).

28

43 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiii, 4 ;
Hulton Fed. 21. There was no change in
the lands recorded.

44 Mane A. Ce. Leet Rec. iii, 122 ; the
date given in the Inq. p.m. of his grand-
son (7 Chas. I) is 2 Jan. 1628, which must
be erroneous. He is said to have been
eighty- four when he died, and had therefore
seen the important changes in religion and
dynasty which distinguished the times.
William Hulton of the Park and his wife
were in 1586 reported to be 'obstinate'
in their adherence to the ancient faith ;
Baines, Lanes, from Harl. MS. 360, fol.

33-.

Six years later one of the Government
informers stated that ' Mr. Hulton of the
Park hath this day a recusant to his school-
master whom he hath kept in house many
years ' ; Lydiate Hall, 259 (from S.P. Dom.
Eliz. ccxv). Margaret Hulton and Cuth-
bert her son, Mary Hulton and Elizabeth
her daughter were presented as recusants
in 1592 ; Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiii,
60. William Hulton of Hulton, esq.
(' infirm') and Cuthbert Hulton were recu-
sants in 1619 ; Manch. Sest. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 82.

In 1574 he was required to furnish a
light horse, a caliver, and a morion for the
county muster ; Gregson, Fragments, 30.

A settlement of the manor of Over Hul-
ton and the family lands was made by him
in 1582 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
44, m. 22.

William Hulton of Park was the only
freeholder in the township named in 1600
and 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 246, 1 60.

In his will, made in Aug. 1624, he con-
fessed ' to die a true Christian Catholic,'
and desired to be buried in his chapel in
Deane Church, near the burial-place of
Margaret his late wife. In fulfilment of
a covenant made i Apr. 1557 between
his father Adam and his mother-in-law
Elizabeth Kighley of Lightshaw, he di-
rected that certain of his goods should be
regarded as heirlooms ; they included two
standing beds in Pendlebury chamber,
valued at £5 ; Hulton Fed. 22.

The writ of Diem clausit extr. after the
death of William Hulton is dated 1 6 June
1625 ; ibid. 25.

45 Adam Hulton, of Brasenose College,
Oxford, matriculated in 1579, aged fifteen;
and his brother William two years later ;
Foster, Alumni Oxon. There is a reference
to him in Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,
504.

Adam died in Dec. 1 597, and was buried
in the collegiate church at Manchester ;
he had married Alice daughter of William
Baguley, of Manchester, clothier, and his
son and heir William, then ten years old,
came of age in or before 1612; Manch.
Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 275 ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xvii, 80. He had a messuage
in Deansgate, Manchester, in right of his
wife, whose mother Ellen Baguley was a
widow in 1587 ; Hulton Fed. i, 24.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

liam ;46 his successor was his great-grandson Adam,
born in 1607.

Adam Hulton had livery of his lands in November
1632," and died in 1652.** He does not appear to
have taken any part in the Civil War on one side or
the other.49 His son and heir William contested the
borough of Clitheroe in April 1660 ; he had a majority
of the free burgesses in opposition to William White,
elected by the freemen at large, and the latter being
unseated on petition, William Hulton represented the
borough from July to December i66o.M He re-
corded a pedigree at the visitation of i664.51 He
died thirty years later,5* being succeeded by his son
Henry,53 who died childless in 1737. The manor

then passed to William son of Jessop Hulton, Henry's
younger brother,44 who was in turn succeeded by his
son, grandson, and great-grandson, each named Wil-
liam.55 The last of these, sheriff of Lancashire in
1810, and constable of Lancaster Castle, died in
1864; his son and heir, William Ford Hulton,56
dying in 1879, was followed by his son Sir William
Wilbraham Blethin Hulton, also constable of Lancaster
Castle, created a baronet in 1905." He died in 1907,
and was succeeded by his son Sir William Rothwell
Hulton, the present lord of the manor.

A number of deeds and other records have been
preserved, showing how the Worsleys and their suc-
cessors dealt with their estate in Hulton.58 It has

46 William Hulton the younger, described
as 'of Manchester, gentleman," died 6 Sept.
1613 holding Harpurhey and other lands
near Manchester, as well as some in Hul-
ton, Farnworth, Heaton, and Wigan ; those
in Hulton and Farnworth were held of the
lord of Manchester by the hundredth part
of a knight's fee. In 1610 he engaged
that before Whitsuntide 1612 he would
provide for the jointure of his wife {Cather-
ine daughter of Robert Hyde of Norbury
in Cheshire, mention being made of
* mines of coal and cannel ' on his land.
Adam Hulton the son and heir was six
years of age on 5 July 1613 ; Land. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,

265.

Some time after the death of William
Hulton a further inquisition was taken
(1631), and it was found that the manor
of Over Hulton, with a capital messuage
called the Park, with messuages, orchards,
lands, dove-house, two water-mills, &c.,
was held of Rowland Mosley as of his
manor of Manchester ; there were other
lands in Westhoughton and Rumworth,
also held of the manor of Manchester. In
default of hein male of William Hulton
the grandson, the remainders were to
William, Robert, Henry, and Rowland
Hulton, younger sons of William Hulton
the grandfather ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xxv, 20. {Catherine widow of Wil-
liam Hulton the grandson was living at
Todmorden in 1631. She married Saville
Radcliffe, called ' father ' in Adam Hul-
ton's will.

47 Hulton Fed. 26. The endorsement of
the writ has ' Adamus Hulton, infra eta-
tem,' though if the inquisition of 1613
is correct he must in 1632 have been
twenty -five years of age.

48 Ibid, where his will is printed in full;
his son William was the principal legatee,
but his ' mother Radcliffe ' and other re-
lations are mentioned.

49 Either Adam or his brother Edward
(stated to have died in 1645) was a cap-
tain in the Parliamentary army, for in
Jan. 1643-4 a correspondent of George
Rigby of Peel mentions that ' Captain
Hilton, your brother-in-law," was then a
prisoner at Chester ; it was proposed to
exchange him 'for one Mr. Browne, a
minister, now prisoner at Manchester' ;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 61.
John Hulton of Darley also stated about
the same time that ' the last man living
upon my land that was able to bear arms
is with Captain Hulton's company'; ibid.
•63.

»° Pink and Beaven, Parl. Rep. of Lanes.

*53

51 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 159;
this records William Hulton's age as thirty-
•eight, and states that his son William

(not entered in the printed Pedigree) was
then five years of age.

sa He seems to be the « Mr. Hulton '
frequently mentioned in Henry Newcome's
Diary and Autobiography (Chet. Soc.). He
sympathized with the persecuted Noncon-
formists of the time ; Oliver Heywood,
Diaries, i, 197. By his will he devised
all his estates at Hulton and elsewhere
in Lancashire and at Bryanstown in West-
meath to his eldest son Henry and heirs
male ; then to his other sons Jessop,
Charles, Francis, and Edward successively
in tail male ; Hulton Fed. 28.

43 His name occurs in the list of
' Papists' ' estates returned in the time
of George I ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 195.

M « Upon the death of William the
testator his eldest son Henry entered on
the several estates devised to him as afore-
said and continued in possession thereof
till his death, which happened in the end
of the year 1737, when he died without
issue, having a short time before his
death married Eleanor Copley. Jessop,
the second son, died in the life of his
brother, and left issue one son, William.
Charles, Francis, and Edward also died
in the life of Henry, without issue. Upon
the death of Henry the said William
Hulton the son of Jessop entered into
possession of the several estates descended
to him, and his uncles Charles, Francis,
and Edward having all died without issue,
the remainder in fee expectant, as well
as the estate tail, vested in him ' ; Hulton
Fed. quoting an old abstract of title.

In 1740 he made a settlement of the
manors and lands of Over Hulton, Rum-
worth, Farnworth, Kearsley, Denton,
Longworth, and Clegg Hall in Butter-
worth ; ibid. 29 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 321, m. 3.

William Hulton died in April 1741,
aged twenty-five.

55 William Hulton, only son of the
last-named William, matriculated from
Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1757, being
seventeen years of age ; Foster, Alumni.
In 1763 he made an arrangement with
his mother and her second husband (Ed-
ward Clowes of Manchester) regarding
lands in Hulton and Westhoughton ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 369, m. 89.

In 1772 an Act was passed to enable
him to charge his settled estates in Lanca-
shire as a provision for his wife (Ann
Hall) and younger children. The tim-
ber growing upon the manors of West-
houghton, Harpurhey, and Denton was
valued at £4,200 ; Hulton Fed. 29. He
died in the following year.

One of his sons, Henry (born 1765,
died 1831), entered Christ Church, Ox-
ford, in 1784, and became Captain ist

29

Royals and afterwards lieutenant-colonel
commandant of Lower Blackburn local
militia, and treasurer of the county, had
a son William Adam Hulton (1802—87),
barrister and judge of the county court,
who compiled the Hulton Pedigree already
quoted, and edited the Wballey Coucher
for the Chetham Society ; a notice of
him will be found in the Diet. Nat. Biog.

William Hulton son of the above-
named William was sheriff of Lancashire
in 1789, and died in 1800. His son
and heir William matriculated from Brase-
nose College in 1804, aged seventeen,
and was created M.A. in 1807 ; Foster,
Alumni. For recoveries of the Hulton
manors in 1783 and 1809 see Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 638 ; Assize R. Lent 49
Geo. Ill (R. 9).

86 Of Christ Church, Oxford, 18305
Foster, Alumni.

57 See also Foster, Lanes. Pedigrees ;
Burke, Commoners, iv, 29 ; Burke, Landed
Gentry ,• and Baines, Lanes, (ed. Croston),
iii, 138.

58 In 1292 Joan daughter of Richard
de Worsley claimed the manor of Hulton
against Henry de Worsley and John de
Brunscales. Her right being acknow-
ledged it was agreed that ' Henry should j
find all necessaries, as in sustenance and
clothing, for the said Joan at his house
during the term ' of two years, for which
he had a lease of the manor, and then pay
her 80 marks, ' for which she granted that
the manor should wholly remain to him
and his heirs in perpetuity'; Assize R. 408,
m. 30 d.

In 1305 Margaret widow of Henry de
Worsley claimed dower in Hulton from
Henry son of Richard son of Henry de
Worsley ; she had married Robert son of
Richard de Radcliffe ; De Banco R. 153,
m. 124 ; R. 156, m. 92 ; R. 159, m. 98 ;
182 d.; R. 161, m. 92, 155.

In May 1341 Geoffrey son of Henry
de Worsley came to Hulton with force
and arms, entered his father's house, and
broke the beer barrels, consuming beer to
the value of 41.; he also broke the hedges
of Richard de Hulton of the Wich ; Assize
R. 430, m. 16.

In 1350 Alice widow of Henry de
Worsley sought dower in Hulton against
Amabel widow of Geoffrey de Worsley ;
Geoffrey, the kinsman and heir of Henry,
though a minor, warranted Amabel, and
it was ordered that Alice should have
equal lands as her dower ; De Banco R.
363, m. 107. See also Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 7, m. 7 (Lent 1359), at which
time Amabel was the wife of John le
Comyn of Newbold.

The Worsley family acquired lands
from the smaller holders. Thus Richard
de Worsley repurchased from Richard

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

come down, in the same manner as Worsley, to the
Earl of Ellesmere.59

In this part of the manor were several subordinate
estates or manors. WHARTOX or Warton gave its
name to the family owning it,60 and was afterwards
held by the Asshetons of Great Lever and the
Morts.61 It was sold to a colliery company," and is
now owned by the Earl of Ellesmere.63 Wharton Hall
is a two-story farm-house of brick and timber and
plaster construction, facing south. The plan follows
the usual type of a central block with gabled pro-
jecting wings east and west. The house is in a moder-
ate state of repair, and the half-timber work in the
lower part of the east wing, which is coved at the level
of the first floor, is original. The north wing is faced

in brick, the upper part of which is painted to repre-
sent half-timber work, and the gable and upper part
of the east wing is similarly treated. The west wing
has been extended westward and the pitch of the roof
altered, but the line of the old gable still remains at
each end. The house has been almost entirely re-
faced in brick, but the original timber construction
shows at both ends of the west wing. With its
yellow-washed walls, grey stone slate roofs and red
brick chimneys, the house has rather a picturesque if
tumble-down appearance, emphasized to some extent
on the back by the addition of low modern out-
buildings.

PEEL, or Wicheves, was in the I3th century
acquired by a branch of the Hulton family,64 who

son of John de Hulton land, called the
Meres, which his father Geoffrey had sold
to John de Hulton, and of which the
latter's son Robert was the tenant. The
purchase included all the vendor's rights
in Hulton except housebote and heybote
in the wood for 'his man* dwelling in
Baldman's Head ; Ellesmere D. no. 46.
This also was acquired by Henry son of
Richard de Worsley in 1293 ; ibid. no. 39.
The above-named Robert son of John
de Hulton left a widow Maud and daugh-
ters Margaret, Ellen, Maud, and Margery;
and a part of his land was given to Mar-
garet in 1293 on her marriage with
Richard ' called the Legate ' of Ince ; in
1334 Margaret daughter of Robert de
Hulton released to Henry de Worsley all
her right in Hulton ; ibid. no. 49, 58.

Geoffrey de Worsley granted to David
son of Henry the Knight lands within
bounds starting at David's house and go-
ing by the Out Lane (Hot Lane) to the
brook coming down from the hall ; then
by the brook and clough and ditch to the
starting-point ; also land called Cookman
Croft ; the rent for all to be 2J.; ibid. no.
48. David afterwards gave the land to his
eldest son Adam ; no. 42.

John son of Richard de Bradshaw gave
all his lands in Hulton to Geoffrey son of
Thomas son of Litkoc de Salford ; and in
1 307 Geoffrey sold it to Henry de Wors-
ley ; ibid. no. 44, 55.

Henry de Worsley in 1296 gave the
mill of Hulton to his son and heir
Richard and Margaret his wife; ibid. no. 51.
Alice widow of Henry de Worsley in
1 3 54 gave her life interest in the demesne
of Wood Hall in Hulton (viz. in Wood Hey
and Moor Hey) to Thomas Thirlwind and
Alice his wife at a rent of 231.; the grant
included pasturage, mast, profits of spar-
row-hawks, bees, &c., and wood for build-
ing and burning; ibid. no. 59. She had
a further rent of 121. from land tenanted
by William de Shakerley and Margaret his
wife ; ibid. no. 60.

Hulton Hey, a piece of inclosed
pasture, was the subject of grants in 1467
and 1484 by William Massey and Sir
Geoffrey Massey respectively; ibid. no. 70,

71-

The lessees in 1484 had leave to build
and marl on the ground 'at their own
oversight,' while Sir Geoffrey undertook
to maintain the hedges and ditches. The
rent was a peppercorn for four years, and
then 5 marks a year. See also Ducatus
1 Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 21.

In 1556-7 Richard Brereton and Joan
his wife and Adam Hulton, as holders of
Hulton Moor, were summoned to answer
lobert Grundy of Rumworth for a seizure
jjj cattle on what he alleged to be Rum-

worth Moor ; PaL of Lane. Plea R. 201,
m. n.

69 See the account of Worsley.
60 Some early deeds of the Wartons (or
Wauertons) are given in Towneley'»
MS. DD, no. 939-44. Gilbert de Warton
was witness to an early Worsley charter ;
no. 951. William son of John de War-
ton about 1310 gave lands to John son of
William de Warton. In 1335 William's
son and heir Thomas married Margaret,
daughter of John de Chisenhale.

In 1356 John de Warton claimed a
messuage and land in Wharton by Eccles
against Hugh de Rylands ; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 5, m. 4. Denis de Warton
attested deeds in 1407 ; De Traffbrd D.
no. 302, 303 ; and one of the same name,
if not the same person, a Hulton yeoman,
occurs in 1444 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
3, m. 1 6.

Denis Warton in 1446 granted to
feoffees, including his son John, all his
lands in Tyldesley and Hulton. He had
received them in 1440 from the trustee of
his brother John, the heir apparent being
Ralph son of Denis. Ralph Warton in
1469 granted to Katherine his wife,
daughter of John Bradshagh, deceased,
various lands in Hulton lying to the north
of the highway from Blacklow to Walk-
den Moor and between Hollow Syke and
Goodrich Brook ; together with the 2s.
service of William Warton for the Intake.
These notes are from the Yates Evi-
dences.

Robert Langton in 1587 purchased
from William Warton five messuages, a
windmill, dovecote, lands, &c. ; and four
years later Richard Ashton of Mawdsley
and Jane his wife were in possession ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 49, m. 44 ; bdle.
53, m. 87

William Warton's difficulties are said
to have arisen from his adhesion to the
old religion. He is described as ' attainted '
in leases of his possessions by the Crown
in 1593 and 1595 ; Pat. 35 Eliz. pt. iv ;
37 Eliz. pt. ix.

61 Ralph Assheton of Great Lever,
who died in 1616, held ' the manor, lord-
ship, or capital messuage called Warton
hall ' of Sir Peter Legh and Dorothy his
wife (heiress of Worsley), by fealty and
the rent of a pair of gloves, price ^d.
each of them ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 289.

Robert Mort, a strict Nonconformist,
owned it in the second half of the I7th
century. He was about to leave for
America in 1688, when the Revolution
occurred and promised a cessation of the
persecutions to which he had been sub-
jected for religion. Matthew Henry
called him ' one of the greatest examples

30

of humility, charity, and primitive
Christianity that our age has known.'
He was followed by his son Nathan, whose
son John, born in 1 702, removed to Chow-
bent, where he carried on a fustian cutting
business ; he was ' an active member of the
society of Unitarian Christians at Chow-
bent, and was noted for his piety and bene-
volence' ; Pal. Note Bk. iii, 251, where is
a notice of his funeral sermon.

Nathan Mort, who died about 1723,
was succeeded by his son Adam, who
died about 1730, leaving his daughter
Mary his heiress. She married Thomas
Earle of Liverpool and died in 1785,
leaving two daughters to inherit Wharton
Hall and the other Mort estates. The
elder daughter Maria married her cousin
Thomas Earle of Spekelands ; and the
younger married Richard Gwillym of
Bewsey ; Trans. Hist. Soc. (new ser.), vi»

76> 39. 44-

62 It was about 1870 sold by the Earles
and Gwillyms to John Gerard Potter and
others, who formed the Wharton Hall
Collieries Co., Ltd., and worked the
mines.

68 The Bridgewater Trustees purchased
it from the Colliery Company in 1881.
The information in this and the preceding
note is due to Mr. Strachan Holme,
Walkden.

64 Gilbert de Lymme, with the assent of
his wife Jocasta, granted to Maurice son
of Ithel land in the Wich, with bounds
beginning at Fairhurst Brook and going
up to the middle of Wichiard, thence by
the bounds of Farnworth to Alrenehead,
and down Wichshaw to the bounds of
Tyldesley ; Hultor. Fed. 48 (from the Yates
Evidences). Alice daughter of Gilbert re-
leased her right in the same to Richard
de Wicheves ; Yates Evidences.

Henry de Tyldesley granted to Richard
son of John de Hulton [of Farnworth]
certain lands in Tyldesley, the bounds of
which began at Herbertsclough, followed
Cartlache to Wich Brook, and by this to
Cartlache and Fairhurst Syke, and thence
back by the marked oaks to the starting
point; Hulton Fed. 33. This land in
Tyldesley adjoined Wicheves, the estate
which gave a surname to Richard.

Henry de Worsley in 1299 granted to
Richard son of Richard son of John de
Hulton all his land in the Wyt [Wich]
between Hulton and Worsley as described
in the charter from Gilbert de Lymme
and Jocasta his wife to Thomas their son ;
Ellesmere D. no. 54.

Thomas de Lymme granted land in
Wicheves to John son of Meuric, at a
rent of zs. ; Yates Evidences.

Henry son of Henry de Tyldesley
granted a rent of 1 8J. from the hey called

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

appear to have sold it to the Tyldesleys.66 From these
it passed to Edmund Fleetwood of Rossall,66 and after-
wards to the Morts. About
the middle of the 1 8th cen-
tury Joseph Yates of Man-
chester purchased it,67 and
about seventy years later his
descendants sold it to Ellis
Fletcher of Clifton, a colliery
proprietor.68 Peel Hall is a
modern house erected in 1840
by Matthew Fletcher, from
the designs of Sir Charles
Barry. It stands in the site
of an older hall which was a
stone building consisting of a

centre and two wings with three gables to the front.
All that is left of the old hall is part of the moat,
which has been made into an ornamental lake.68*
Another PEEL, known as Kenyon Peel Hall,69 was

RIGBY. Argent on a
cross fiory azure ji-ve
mullets or.

about 1600 in the possession of Alexander Rigby ; he
gave it to a younger son George,70 whose daughter and
heir, Alice,71 brought it to her husband Roger Kenyon
of Parkhead and his descend-
ants, the present owner being
Lord Kenyon of Gredington.72
Kenyon Peel Hall is situated
about a quarter of a mile south
of the ancient highway, run-
ning from Manchester in a
north-west direction towards
Bolton, and is on the southern
slope of the high ground lying
between the valley of the Ir-
well on the north and Chat
Moss on the south. Before
the locality was given over
to collieries and manufacture

KENYON, Lord Ken-
yon. Sable a che-veron
engrailed or between thret
crosses fiory argent.

the situation must have been a pleasant one, but to-,
day the house lies amidst surroundings which have

the Ral to Richard son of John son of
Meuric ; Hulton Fed, 48. Henry son of
Henry de Tyldesley was defendant in a
Hulton suit in 1313-14 ; Assize R. 424,
m. 4 d.

Hawise, as widow of Richard de Wich-
eves, demised to Henry son of John de
Hulton her right in the Hope Hey in
Wicheves in the vill of Worsley ; Hulton
Fed. 34. Hawise is said to have been
a daughter of Gilbert de Lymme.
Richard son of Richard son of John de
Hulton in 1295 released to the same
Henry de Hulton all his right in the
Hope Hey, held of Gilbert de Lymme
and his heirs by the rent of a rose ; ibid.
At the same time John son of Hugh de
Hulton released to Henry his uncle his
land in Wicheves in the Hope Hey, the
bounds touching those of Farnworth at
one point ; ibid. Joan widow of Adam
son of Richard de Hulton of the Wich-
eves in 1336 released to her father-in-
law all her dower lands in Worsley and
Tyldesley ; ibid. 35.

«5 The Peel of Hulton is named as
early as 1395 among the lands of Thomas
son of Henry de Tyldesley, whose son Peter
appears to have married Maud daughter of
Richard Mort ; Yates Evidences.

In 1465 Thomas son and heir of James
Tyldesley, who was son and heir of Thomas
Tyldesley, was a minor in ward to Sir
Geoffrey Massey of Worsley; ibid. James
Tyldesley had married Alice daughter of
Roger Hulton of the Park ; the contract
is dated 1437 ; Hulton Fed. 12.

Thomas Tyldesley of the Peel in 1501
leased the Fennyslack in Worsley to James
son of Thomas Mort; ibid. In 1523
the feoffees of Thomas Tyldesley made
provision for an annuity for Elizabeth his
wife ; ibid.

The wardship and marriage of Thomas
son and heir of James Tyldesley of Peel
was claimed by Sir John Brereton in 1530 ;
Ellesmere D. no. 76.

To Lora Browne, widow, formerly
wife of the above-named James Tyldesley,
dower was assigned in 1546 from the
lands of William Tyldesley of the Peel
of Hulton, or Wicheves Hall, with ten
messuages, a water-mill, &c.; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 12, m. 278.

84 In 1550 William Tyldesley seems to
have mortgaged or sold his estate, Robert
Fleetwood and John Stokes being plaintiffs
in a fine of that year ; ibid. bdle. 14, m.
153. Thirty years later Edmund Fleet-

wood, esq. was in possession ; ibid,
bdle. 42, m. 39. From the Yates deeds
it is evident that Edmund Fleetwood was
owner in 1574, Thomas Mort of Dam-
house being in possession. Edmund Fleet-
wood of Rossall died in 1622, holding a
capital messuage with 120 acres in Wors-
ley and Little Hulton of the lord of Wors-
ley ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 316.

67 For a notice of this family see Ab-
ram, Blackburn, 408, 409 ; also Baines,
Lanes, (ed. Croston), iii, 150. Joseph
Yates of Manchester married Ellen
daughter and co-heir of William Maghull
of Maghull; he died in 1773, and his
eldest son having left three daughters
the Peel estate passed to the heir of his
younger son, Sir Joseph Yates, justice of
the King's Bench, and afterwards of the
Common Pleas. Sir Joseph had settled
at Cheam in Surrey, and was buried there
in 1770; Foss, Judges ; Diet. Nat. Biog.
His son Joseph sold Peel to Ellis Fletcher.
Some deeds relating to the estate are given
in Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 147.

The Rev. William Allen, author of
Collectanea Latina, at one time resided in
the house. He was minister of Peel
Chapel, and had a boarding school.

68 From Ellis Fletcher it has descended
to his granddaughter, Mrs. Wynne Corrie.
She married the Hon. Robert Wellington
Stapleton Cotton, son of Lord Comber-
mere, but was divorced in 1 879. There
was no issue of this marriage. She
afterwards married Mr. Wynne Corrie ;
Burke, Family Rec. 181. See also the
account of Clifton in Eccles.

68a Trans. Antiq. Soc. xvii, 242.

69 For a view see N. G. Philips, Old
Halls of Lanes, and Ches. 57.

7° Leonard Asshaw of Shaw in Flixton
was in 1595 found to have held lands in
Hulton of the lord of Worsley ; Duchy of
Lanes. Inq. p.m. xvi, n. A daughter
married Alexander Rigby, who appears to
have had her portion in Hulton ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 332, 350.

Alexander Rigby of Goosnargh, who died
in 1621, held a messuage and lands in Hul-
ton and Tyldesley, which with land in
Turton he gave to his younger son, George
Rigby; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.) iii, 458.

71 Alice Rigby, spinster, made a settle-
ment of the manor of Peel, with lands in
Over Hulton, Little Hulton (otherwise
Lowest Hulton), Worsley, Goosnargh,
Turton, Wigan, Hopwood, Thornton near

31

Chadderton, Clayden, Manchester, Hun-
dersheld, Rochdale, and Rivington ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 160,01.63. A
further settlement was made in 1680 by
Roger Kenyon, Alice his wife, Leftwich
Oldfield, Alice his wife, and Jane Ha-
worth, widow ; ibid. bdle. 202, m. 101.

?a Dugdale, Vhit. 166 ; Abram, Black-
turn, 752. Roger Kenyon made Peel his
residence. He represented Clitheroe in
Parliament from 1690 to 1695 as a Tory ;
Pink and Beaven, op. cit. 257. He
was also clerk of the peace for Lancashire
and Governor of the Isle of Man ; a very
large amount of information about him is
contained in the Hist. MSS. Com. Rep.
xiv, App. iv, passim. His eldest son Roger,
named at the Visitation of 1664, died
before him, and George Kenyon, a younger
son, Tory representative of Wigan from
171010 1714 (Pink and Beaven, 232) suc-
ceeded to Peel. A third son, Thomas,
was grandfather of Lloyd Kenyon, suc-
cessively Attorney General, Master of the
Rolls, and Lord Chief Justice, created a
baronet in 1784, and raised to the peerage
as Baron Kenyon of Gredington in 1788 ;
see Kenyon MSS. ; Life, by the Hon.
George Kenyon ; Foss, Judges ; Diet.
Nat. Biog.

George Kenyon married his cousin Ann
daughter of Edward Kenyon, rector of
Prestwich, and dying in 1728, was suc-
ceeded by his son and grandson, both
named George. Roger and George Ken-
yon sons of George Kenyon, a lawyer,
entered St. John's College, Cambridge, in
1719, being aged seventeen and sixteen
respectively ; R. F. Scott, Admissions, iii,
17. The last George Kenyon, who died
in 1770, left several daughters, co-heirs,
of whom the eldest married Sir Thomas
Hanmer, bart. The first Lord Kenyon
married Mary daughter of the second
George Kenyon — cousin by both father
and mother ; and his son, the second lord,
also married a cousin, Margaret Emma,
daughter of Sir Thomas and Lady Han-
mer. Their grandson, the present Lord
Kenyon, is the owner of Peel Hall. Alice
Kenyon, sister of Mary, Lady Kenyon,
held' Peel Hall till her death in 1836,
when it passed to her nephew, the second
Lord Kenyon. For an account of the
family see G.E.C. Complete Peerage, iv,
3 5 8-60 ; also pedigree, Baines, Lanes, (ed.
Croston), iii, 148, and Piccope's MS. Pedi-
grees (Chet. Lib.), i, 218. See also Pal.
Note Bk. iv, 56, 143.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

robbed the country of any of the beauties it formerly
possessed.

The house appears to have been built about the
years 1631 to 1634. Both dates are on the build-
ing, and probably it was in course of construction for
some time prior to the latter year. The gatehouse
and other detached buildings were erected shortly
after. The house is a highly picturesque half-timbered
building on a low stone base, two stories in height,
facing the south, and occupies the north side of a
small courtyard, to the south of which is a larger
courtyard, on to which the stables and outbuildings
open. Behind the stables to the south is the stable
yard — the whole forming a symmetrical arrangement
of three quadrangles which gives to the hall and its
outbuildings an appearance of size and importance
which with less systematic planning it would not
have possessed. Though retaining a great many of
the characteristics of the older Lancashire houses, both
as regards plan and elevations, Kenyon Peel at the
same time exhibits the influence of new ideas, these
buildings showing evidences everywhere of a well
thought-out plan, and a desire for balance and sym-
metry. In its general arrangement and appearance
the hall is not very much altered from the time it was
built, though there was a good deal of work done in
the interior in the way of fittings and decorations in
the 1 8th century, and a brick wing was added at the
back on the west side of the house at the same period.
A later extension at the north-east was made as late
as 1870.

Owing to mining operations many settlements
have occurred and at one time the house was
allowed to fall into disrepair and had to be shored up.
It was restored, however, in the early eighties, but
the work then done has destroyed a good deal of the
original detail and has substituted a rather hard fresh-
ness in place of picturesque decay. The half-timber
front has been renewed in a manner which does not
strictly carry out the design of the old work. All the
barge-boards and hip-knobs are new, and the old grey-
stone roof coverings have been replaced by blue slates.
The building nevertheless retains a picturesqueness
which it owes to its arrangement and plan as well as
to its more strictly architectural features.

The house itself consists of a main block standing
east and west, with three projecting gabled bays, the
middle one of which contains the porch. At either
end of the main front is another projecting bay,
the whole forming a kind of irregular r'H shape.
The principal front thus has seven gables, five facing
south and one at each end facing inward to the court-
yard. These many gables, especially when seen at a
distance from the south-east in conjunction with the
gatehouse, give a broken and irregular skyline which
is very pleasing. The return ends of the two outer
wings are faced with stone, and the remainder of the
sides and the whole of the back elevation is in brick.
A portion of the timber framing, however, shows at
the back of the hall. A lead spout-head on the west
side of the house bears the date 1741 and the
initials G ^ P .

The plan of the house itself shows the influence of
the old ideas, the great hall occupying the central
position, with a passage answering to the screen at
the west end opposite the porch. The porch and bay
window of the hall are under the central projecting
gable, the unusual position of the bay being due to

considerations of symmetry in the external arrange-
ment. The great hall, which is in no way emphasized
in the exterior elevation, is a low room, 30 ft. in
length (including the passage) by about 20 ft. wide,
with a bay window 6 ft. wide and 8 ft. deep at the
south-west corner, and mullioned windows on the
north and south with a fireplace at the north-west.
The room was probably used much as a modern dining-
room, but is now the drawing-room. The ingle
nook in the north-west is now built up and a modern
fireplace inserted. There are windows on both sides
of the room. The hall is panelled all round, with
classic pilasters to the bay window and to the door-
cases at the east end. Most of the panelling is
the original oak wainscot, but it has been repaired
with pitch pine, and the whole is now painted white.
The ceiling, which is only 8 ft. 6 in. high, is crossed
by four beams and is quite plain. Beyond the hall on
the east end of the house is the present dining-room,
a small room 17 ft. square, looking on to the inner
courtyard. It is lined with 18th-century panelling
and has a semicircular recess on each side of the fire-
place. Beyond is the main staircase, with twisted
balusters and square newels, and half balusters against
the walls. Behind the dining-room is another smaller
room looking east, also lined with 18th-century
panelling and now called the housekeeper's room. At
the other side of the staircase, at the end of the east
wing, is the oak parlour, or smoke room, which, as its
name implies, is also panelled, and has a fine Jacobean
chimney-piece, the upper part being divided into three
panels by four allegorical female figures. The centre
panel has the arms of Kenyon quartering Rigby.

To the west of the great hall are rooms correspond-
ing to the dining-room and oak parlour, called respec-
tively the pomegranate room and the library. The
pomegranate room takes its name from the plaster
ornamentation of the ceiling, but is otherwise plain.
The library is lined all round with deep bookshelves
with wooden fronts of 18th-century date, and there
are cellars under these two rooms. Upstairs there are
portions of oak panelling in some of the bedrooms,
but nothing of special note except in Lord Kenyon's
bedroom, over the oak parlour. This room contains
some very good 17th-century oak panelling, with
richly carved upper panels and cornice. Over the
fireplace, forming part of an elaborately carved mantel-
piece, are two painted armorial panels with the date
1637. The ceiling, which is plain, is arched in
section, and the door is 18th-century work. The
bedroom over the drawing-room has also an arched
ceiling with plaster ornamentation near the springing.
The floors all over the house are very uneven owing
to the settlements. There is a second staircase on
the west side of the house with old oak treads but
modern varnished balusters. The whole plan indicates
the period of transition in manners which in other parts
was much earlier than 1630, but which was necessarily
delayed in the country districts. There are no corridors
in the house, most of the rooms being more or less ,
passage rooms.

In a document dated 1783, now at the house, the •
courtyards are called the ' green court ' and the * flag
court,' the former being apparently the outer. The
portion of the grounds between the house and the
road on the east side is called the ' wilderness,' and
mention is made of ' barns, stables, shippons, fold, &c.,'
on the south side. The wilderness was an irregularly-

3-

s-

ffi

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

shaped triangular piece of ground bounded on two
sides by the road, and on the west by a fence wall,
with gateways leading to the entrance-way from a
lane at the back of the house. In the outer angle of
the wilderness was a brick * arbour,' built presumably
in the i8th century, and a small pond. The gardens
proper lay along the full length of the west side of
the house and outbuildings, with a private walled-in
garden directly to the west of the hall.

The courtyard in front of the house is about 80 ft.
by 5 oft. It is partly inclosed on the east and west
by the projecting wings of the house, and beyond, by
a high stone wall. In the middle of the south side is
the gatehouse, a two-story building with a central
gateway, and one room on each side. The upper
floor consists of one apartment, said to have been a
court-house, but now used as a servants' dormitory.
The gatehouse is a solidly built structure of stone with
mullioned windows, a grey stone-slated roof finishing
with a stone gable at each end, and at each corner of
the building is a tall brick chimney, square at the
bottom and set diagonally above. On the ridge of the
roof is a bell-cote, now boarded up, and till lately
containing a bell reputed to be of silver. It was
made by Abraham Rudhall of Gloucester in 1731,
and was inscribed, ' Come away make no delay,' but
was stolen some years ago at the time when repairs to
the house were being made. The two bottom rooms
of the gatehouse are entered from the inner court only,
and not from the gateway passage. The oak doors
hung midway in the gateway passage are double
hung, and have a wicket. On their top rail is carved
*GRB Peace be within these walles 1637.' The
initials are those of George Rigby and Beatrix (Hulton)
his wife. On each side of the inner quadrangle
leading to the gardens beyond are stone doorways
with picturesquely stepped gables of good early
Renaissance type, with spiked finials. The gateway
on the east side of the court has the date 1631
with the arms of Rigby on the lintel, and the
initials c R on a panel in the gable above. The door-
way of the opposite side has the initials G R B on both
sides, and facing the courtyard the date 1634. These
little stone gateways flanking the inner courtyard,
taken in conjunction with the rather severe mass of
the gatehouse and the black-and-white work of the
house, are very effective, and seem to put a touch of
refinement into the building which it otherwise
would lack. The courtyard itself, crossed in each
direction by flagged paths between squares of grass,
has a formality quke in keeping with the Renaissance
spirit of the gateways.

The outer courtyard is 1 30 ft. long from west to

east and about 70 ft. wide, its area being thus more
than double that of the inner courtyard. It extends
up to the road on the east side, having a wide entrance
gateway with massive stone piers surmounted with
balls, and narrow side gates, facing to the road.
There is a mounting-block outside the side gate
nearest the house. On the west side is a wall with
a central stone alcove, surmounted by a figure of a
boy, and in front of this a sundial on a pedestal.
The court is partly turfed, and has a curved carriage
drive, which takes away somewhat from the formality
which the classic style of the alcove would suggest as
necessary. The range of stable buildings which
bounds the quadrangle on the south side is a massive
stone structure with a gable at each end facing north,
and good mullioned windows with hood-moulds.
There has been a good deal of alteration, and the old
flat-arched doorways are built up. But generally the
building retains its original appearance, and in the
part now called the Shippon is a central stone pillar.
On its eastern gable is the date 1668 with the arms of
Kenyon impaling Rigby. The roofs at this end of
the building, together with the great barn, are of grey
stone slates, while the rest of the buildings are
covered with blue slates. The south front of the
stables faces the lower or stable-yard, which has a fine
stone-built barn with massive buttresses on its east side.
The west side of the yard is bounded by a high brick
boundary wall separating it from the house gardens,
and the south-west corner is occupied by a picturesque
brick dove-house presumably of 18th-century date,
with stone dressings and grey stone-slated pyramidal
roof. The west end of the stable range facing the
garden was erected in 1722 by Lloyd Kenyon, and
rebuilt again in 1864, as an inscription sets forth.
On this side of the building also is an elaborate shield
of arms with helm, crest, and mantling, carved in
stone. The Rigby arms occur again on the head
of a gate in the fence wall to the north-east of
the house.

Among the former proprietors in the townships
were the Farnworth 73 and Valentine families.74

The land tax returns of 1789 show that in Middle
Hulton the chief contributors were the Rev. Mr.
Bagot and his tenants, who paid over one-fifth ; the
Duke of Bridgewater, Miss Killer, and others paid
smaller sums. In Little Hulton in 1788 Joseph
Yates and his tenants paid more than half, the re-
mainder being contributed by Mrs. Ann Kenyon, the
Duke of Bridgewater, the Rev. Walter Bagot, Peter
Shakerley, and others. In Over Hulton in 1802
the trustees of William Hulton seem to have been
the sole proprietors.75

7* Geoffrey de Worsley granted to Hugh
rector of Standish land called the Edge
and Hope Croft, at a rent of i id. ; Elles-
mere D. no. 45. Rector Hugh afterwards
gave all his land — that which Richard the
clerk of Irlam farmed and Hope Croft — to
Adam de Farnworth ; a pair of white
gloves was to be paid yearly to the grantor
and I2</. to the chief lord of the fee ; ibid,
no. 43. William son of Hugh de Standish
claimed a messuage and lands in Hulton
from Roger son of Adam de Farnworth in
1292, alleging that Hugh had demised
them to Adam. The claim failed ; Assize
R. 408, m. 48 d. Adam son of Roger de
Farnworth in 1301 sought estovers in 60
acres in Hulton against Richard son of

Henry de Worsley and others ; Assize R.
321, m. 8 d.

In 1370 Henry de Farnworth leased
lands in Hulton Edge (except Hopecroft),
which were part of his mother Maud's
dower ; Ellesmere D. no. 63. Another
lease was made by Richard son of Henry
de Farnworth in 1397; no. 65. Eight
years later the Hulton lands were granted
to Richard son of Richard de Farnworth
and Alice his wife, daughter of Thomas
the Roper ; no. 69. Nicholas Farn-
worth and Margery his wife in 1494
assigned to trustees an annual rent of
71. 3</. from the Edge in Hulton ;
no. 74. A few years later this and other
Farnworth lands were sold to Joan Dame

33

Stanley, the heiress of Worsley ; no.
110-14.

A family named Edge resided on this
estate. In 1551 there was a suit between
George Grundy and Ellen widow of John
Edge respecting Hobb Croft in Hulton,
held under the manor of Worsley ; Duchy
Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii,
119). In 1564 John Edge sought lands
in Middle Hulton from Dame Jane Brere-
ton and others; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 281 ; iii, 4158.

7< In 1487 Thomas Valentine and John
his son and heir apparent granted to
George Valentine son of Thomas for life
lands in Hulton called Woodcroft, Herber-
croft, Dowers, and Wood Hey ; Vaudrey D.

7* Land Tax Ret. at Preston.

In connexion with the Established Church Peel
Chapel, St. Paul's, was built in 1760 by Joseph
Yates ; several of the Yates family are buried there.76
It was rebuilt in 1828 and in 1876, a district
chapelry having been formed in 1874." The patron-
age is vested in Lord Kenyon. Services are held in
St. Andrew's School, Over Hulton.

The Presbyterian Church of England has the old
Wharton Chapel, the congregation originating with
the Nonconformists of 1662, under the protection of
the Mort family; the chapel was rebuilt in 1723.
The Moravians held services in it from 1755 till about
1800; afterwards the Congregationalists used it till
in 1 860 it was given to the Presbyterians. It had
been very poorly attended.78 A new church was
built in 1901.

The Wesleyan Methodists' Chapel dates from
1817, and that of the Primitive Methodists from
1823. Each denomination has since added another.

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Edmund, King
and Martyr, was opened in Little Hulton in i876,79
and rebuilt in 1899.

FARNWORTH

Farnworth, Farneworth, Farnewrth, 1278-9.

Farnworth, anciently a hamlet in Barton, after-
wards became a separate township, and in modern
times has grown into a small town, with numerous
industries.

It measures about 2 miles from east to west, with
a breadth of a little over a mile. The area is 1,502
acres.1 The surface slopes generally from west to
east, the lowest ground being in the north-east corner,
where the River Croal forms the boundary ; this
part is called Darley. Will Hill Brook, part of which
has been utilized to form reservoirs, forms the northern
boundary. The town has grown chiefly in the
eastern half of the area, on both sides of the great
road from Manchester to Bolton, and the main road,
which here joins the former, leading north from
Eccles. A third important road, known as Plodder
Lane, goes westward through the centre of the town-
ship, the hamlet called Dixon Green lying upon it.
Highfield lies in the south-west corner ; to the east
of it is Blindsill, and the hamlet of New Bury is near
the middle of the southern boundary. Presto Street,
near the eastern boundary, indicates the position of
Prestall, which stood on the boundary of Kearsley,
perhaps partly within it. Halshaw Moor is in the
same quarter. Birch House is situated on the north-
east side of the Manchester and Bolton road, there

called Market Street. Moses Gate is the district on
the northern boundary, through which the same road
passes, and Harper's Green lies to the south-west.
The population in 1901 numbered 25,925.*

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's line from
Manchester to Bolton s goes through the north-eastern
corner of the township, and has a station called Farn-
worth and Halshaw Moor and another called Moses
Gate on the southern and northern limits respectively.
The London and North Western Company's line
from Bolton through Eccles to Manchester crosses the
centre of the township from north to south, and has
a station called Plodder Lane, close to Dixon Green.

In 1666 there were ninety-one hearths liable to
the tax ; the largest houses were those of Urian Leigh
and Jonathan Doming, with six hearths each.4

There were large paper mills,5 iron foundries,6 and
cotton mills ; 7 brick and tile works, and extensive
collieries. A newspaper is published on Fridays.

A local board was formed in i863.8 The town-
ship is now divided into six wards, denoted by points
of the compass, each returning three members to the
urban district council, which replaced the local board
in 1894.

Gas is now supplied by a company formed in 1854.'
There are market, park, baths, and cemetery under
public control. Monday and Saturday are the mar-
ket days. There is a fair held on the third Monday
in September.10 The Bolton Workhouse is built in
the north-west corner of the township.

For a few years there were races on the moor.11

Doming Rasbotham, writing in 1787, recorded
that the Croal was * extremely subject to floods,' by
which * great quantities of paving stones and gravel '
were carried down. It then produced * trout,
shoulers, dace, gudgeons, and eels.' Farnworth Hall,
the property of the Duke of Bridgewater, was then
standing ; butter had been churned by a late tenant
by means of a water-mill. The farms were small,
and occupied by manufacturers, willing to pay some-
thing from the labour of their looms for the con-
venience of a few acres to support two or three
cows. Oats and potatoes were grown. Coal was
worked and conveyed to Worsley by subterranean
canals. In all the cloughs or dingles the alder grew
spontaneously ; charcoal was made of it ; oak and ash
also grew.11

Coins have been found.13

Originally merely a hamlet in Barton,

M4NOR FARWVQRTH does not seem to have

been recognized as a manor or lordship

till late in the I3th century. At that time, it was

divided, being held partly of the lords of Manchester

7* Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 42.

77 Land, Gaz. 20 Mar. 1874.

7s Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconformity, iv,
1 08. An account of its endowments may
be seen in the Endowed Charities Rep.
(Deane) of 1903, p. 32.

7» Kelly, Engl. Catb. Missions, 252.

1 1,504* including 42 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901.

3 Pop. Returns, 1901.

8 Opened 29 May 1838 ; Dixon Fold
Bridge, Stoneclough Bridge, Tunnel (now
Farnworth), and Moses Gate were the
stations in Kearsley and Farnworth.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9.

5 At Darley Mill in 1783 two vats
were employed, making six packs of coarse

paper weekly ; Doming Rasbotham in
B. T. Barton's Farnworth and Kersley
(Bolton, 1887), 9. This work gives a
good account of the history of the town-
ships during the i gth century. The story
of the Crompton family and their paper
and cotton factories is related ; p. 266, &c.
The old Pack Horse Road is described on
p. 30.

6 Ibid. 263 ; the first foundry started
in 1838.

7 For an account of James Rothwell
Barnes (who died 23 Mar. 1849), and the
foundation of the Farnworth cotton mills
see the above-quoted work, pp. 83-6, 272—
87.

8 Land. Gaz. \\ Sept. 1863.

34

9 Barton, op. cit. 60-6. From 1835 it
had been supplied by James Berry, a
brazier, who, without authority, ran pipet
from his own apparatus.

10 It is said that the ' wakes ' owe their
date to the opening of St. John's Church
in Sept. 1826; ibid. 74. A fair, how-
ever, had been held in July for some time
before 1783 ; ibid. 14.

" Ibid. 79.

12 Ibid. 9-15.

Farnworth Hall had been purchased
from Lord Semple, who had it with his
wife, Miss Gaskell, of Manchester. Raines
says that in 1849 it was occupied as
cottages.

u Ibid. 7, 15 ; mediaeval and later.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

directly and partly of those of Barton.14 Thus in
1282 'a certain plat' rendered $s. a year to Robert
Grelley.16 In 1278 Richard de Redford and Richard
the Chief of Farnworth were described as lords of the
place.16 Soon afterwards the heir of Richard the
Chief seems to have disposed of his share to the Hul-
ton and Lever families.17

At the Manchester Barony Survey of 1320 Adam
de Lever of Great Lever, Henry de Hulton, and
Richard de Redford held Farnworth by homage and
fealty, a rent of 6s. , and puture of the Serjeants.
Henry de Hulton further paid 3/. a year for the
Mossyhalgh ; and John son of Adam de Farnworth
held lands by a rent of 6d. and puture ; the total rent
was thus 9/. 6d.w In 1326 three parts of the manor
of Farnworth was settled on the heirs of Adam de
Lever.19 In 1473 it was found that the Lever por-
tion of the manor paid a rent to Manchester of 3*. 6</.,
the Hulton portion 4^. 6d., and the Redford portion
— divided between Adam Prestall and Richard Seddon
— is. ; a total of g/.10 The 6d. from Geoffrey de
Farnworth has been omitted.11

Of these different shares of the manor the principal
was that of the Hultons, and was usually described

absolutely as * the manor.' The Lever share has
descended with Great Lever to the Earl of Bradford ;
the descent of the Redford part, which seems to have
been diminished by many alienations, is given under
Kearsley.

The Hultons of Farnworth descended from John,
said to have been a younger son of David de Hulton."
Henry son of John de Hulton is frequently mentioned
about the end of the I3th century,23 and, as stated
above, held a share of the manor in 1320. John the
son and successor of Henry " had a grant of Harpur-
hey in Manchester from John La Warre in I327,25
and a few years later had Oakenley in Horwich.26
He was followed by William de Hulton, who, appar-
ently as a child, had a lease of Mulwardscroft in
Manchester in 1337," and made a settlement on his
heirs male of the manors of Rumworth and Farnworth,
and various messuages and lands in Farnworth, Rum-
worth, Lostock, Kearsley, Irlam, Barton, Breightmet,
Snydale, Westhoughton, Middleton, Great Lever,
Bolton, and Lower Hulton ; also in Worsley, Man-
chester, Harpurhey, Denton, Gorton, and Gothers-
wick.18

William lived on till late in the century,29 and was

14 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54. Sir Gilbert de
Barton afterwards released his right in the
' vill ' of Farnworth to Thomas Grelley ;
De Trafford D. no. 298.

15 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 245. A
Leinsig de Farnworth occurs in 1184-5 5
Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 5 5.

16 Assize R. 1238, m. 34. They were
defendants in a plea for common of pas-
ture brought by Roger de Farnworth ;
Adam son of John de Lever, Adam son
of Eve de Prestall, Henry de Blindsill
(Blyndeshull), and Matthew son ofSiward
de Farnworth, were the other defendants.
They asserted that Roger held of them,
but the jury found that he held most of
his land of Robert Grelley, only 6 acres
being held of John father of Richard (? the
Chief), still surviving ; thus a verdict was
given for the plaintiff.

J7 Adam the Chief of Farnworth was
living in 1 246 ; Assize R. 404, m. 6. The
same Adam granted to Adam son of
Robert land in Farnworth beginning at
Walkden Brook; Ellesmere D. no. 78.
To John son of Emma de Lever he quit-
claimed all right in the lands of Leising
de Lever except one oxgang in Farnworth;
Lever Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103), no. 15.

Richard the Chief, already mentioned,
is the next of the family to occur. He
seems to have died before 1295, leaving
sons Richard and William. Richard son
of Richard, ' called the Chief,' made seve-
ral grants to Adam son of John de Lever
at the beginning of 1295 ; in one of them
Farnworth is described as ' a hamlet in
the vill of Barton,' the land being held of
the chief lord of the honour of Manches-
ter; but in another a share of ' the liberties
and easements of the vill of Farnworth '
was included ; ibid. no. 54-6.

William son of Richard the Chief suc-
ceeded his brother very quickly. In Sept.
1295 he enfeoffed Richard de Redinall,
clerk, of Whitcroft, formerly held by his
uncle William, and Hawkley, held by
Henry de Hulton, as well as of his lands
in Kearsley ; they were held of the lord of
Manchester by a rent of 3^.; ibid.no. 61-3.
These were soon afterwards restored to him
by the feoffee ; no. 65. He sold his lands
to Adam de Lever and Avice his wife in
1277, with all buildings and gardens,

corn and hay, homages, rents, reliefs,
&c. ; ibid. no. 64. Avice was probably the
widow of Richard the brother of William
the Chief ; she had already granted lands
to Adam ; no. 66. William sold some of
his estate to Henry de Hulton ; no. 45.
He does not appear again except in releases
of actions in 1299 and 1304 ; in the for-
mer case to Adam de Lever and his sons,
Henry de Hulton and his son Henry,
Adam de Heaton, and others ; in the
latter case also to the parties named
(except the younger Henry de Hulton) ;
no. 70, 74. John the Chief made a similar
release of actions in Oct. 1303 ; no. 73 ;
There does not seem to be any later notice
of the family.

It seems very likely that this was the
family which held the 'plat' in Farn-
worth of the lord of Manchester by a rent
of 5*.

18 Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), 289, 290.
From the later rental it would seem that
Adam de Lever paid 3;. 6</. of this sum,
Henry de Hulton is. 6d.t and Richard de
Redford it. The two former amount to
51., the rent from the 'plat' in 1282, of
which 3;. 6</. is about three-quarters.

19 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 62. Adam son of John de Lever
had married Agnes daughter of Henry de
Hulton, and in 1322 had settled upon her
son John various lands in the hamlet of
Farnworth, the bounds beginning at Lam-
ford Brook ; Hulton Fed. 36.

20 Mamecestre, 478. At this time John
Hulton of Farnworth was life tenant of
the Lever portion in right of his wife
Joan, previously wife of Adam Lever ;
Henry Grundy and Richard Halliwell
were the actual occupiers.

21 The list of free foreign tenants
made about the same time includes —
Ralph Ashton, John Hulton, and Richard
Redeworth (? heirs of Richard Redford)
for Farnworth ; John Hulton for Moss-
hulme in Farnworth ; and Geoffrey de
Farnworth for tenements in Farnworth ;
ibid. 517.

22 Hulton Fed. 5. For Richard de
Wicheves, younger son of John de Hulton,
see the account of Little Hulton.

23 Henry son of John de Hulton granted
to Adam son of John de Lever the White-
croft with the sparth adjacent, and his part

35

of the hey between Whitecroft and Walk-
den ; Lever Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103),
no. 25. This had been purchased by
Henry de Hulton from William son of
Richard the Chief; no. 45. Henry de
Hulton was a witness in 1297 and 1302
(no. 64, 75), and made a grant in 1299
(no. 72).

24 In 1316 John son of Henry de Hul-
ton granted to his father all his lands in
Farnworth, Great Lever, and the Wich-
eves ; ibid. no. 80. John de Hulton made
a grant in 1341 ; no. 93.

25 Hulton Fed. 36. The grant was made
to Adam son of Robert de Radcliff and
Alice his daughter, wife of John son of
Henry de Hulton, and to the heirs of Alice.

26 Ibid. 20 Jan. 1333-4. In 1341
John de Hulton gave his son Adam and
his issue certain land in Manchester, lying
on Thourishul ; ibid. 37.

Margaret daughter of John de Hulton
in 1332 released to her brother William
all her claim to a burgage in Manchester
lying between burgages of Adam de Chorl-
ton and Roger de Radcliffe ; ibid.

2? Ibid. The lease was for nine years.
It is possible there is some error as to the
William de Hulton to whom this lease
was granted. William son of John de
Hulton in 1353 had a dispute with Wil-
liam son of Robert de Worsley, who had
married Ellen, next of kin to the plaintiff,
concerning Harpurhey and lands in Hul-
ton and elsewhere ; it appeared that Alice,
William de Hulton's mother, was a bas-
tard, and that William had been left a
minor; Assize R. 435, m. 9 d.

28 This was quoted in the 16th-century
suits narrated below. In 1369 William
de Hulton and John de Lever made an
agreement by which the former granted
to the latter the homage, relief, and rent
of 2s. due from John son of Adam Quin-
neson ; and John de Lever in exchange
released all claim for the spoiling and cut-
ting down of woods and timber in Wil-
liam's several tenements in Farnworth
and Great Lever ; Lever Chartul. no. 99.

29 William de Hulton died in Oct. 1392;
his son John was of full age and married
to Elizabeth daughter of Sir William de
Atherton ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
i, 48 (the editor points out that there is
some error in the dates).

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

followed by his son John so and his grandson James,
who came into possession at the beginning of the
reign of Henry VI.31 He had two sons, William and
John, whose descendants enjoyed the manor. Wil-
liam Hulton31 had a son John, whose only child
Alice married Adam Hulton of Over Hulton. The
manor and entailed lands on John's death in 1487 "
passed to his brothers and their heirs ; Richard, the
eldest, was an idiot ; M Christopher, who married
Margaret one of the daughters and co-heirs of Sir
James Harrington of Wolfage, was one of the feoffees
of his brother John ; 33 and James left a son William,
who succeeded to Farnworth.36 His son John died

before him, leaving an infant son William as heir to
his grandfather, who died in 1 556,^ and two daughters,
Christian and Katherine.38

The estates went to the descendants of John the
younger son of James Hulton, named above. John,
it is stated, had a son Alan, whose eldest son John
Hulton 39 was a clerk, and the right descended to a
grandson Alan son of John's brother Alexander.40
The younger Alan had several sons — Thomas, John,
George, and William ; George is stated to have
received the larger share of the inheritance.41 George
Hulton, who was the issue of a second marriage, left
sons and daughters ; a they sold the manors of Farn-

80 The writ of Diem clautit extr, after
the death of John de Hulton of Farn-
worth was issued on 12 Mar. 1422-3 ;
Dtp. Keeper'* Rep. xxxiii, App. 24. The
Inquisition, as printed by the Chetham
Society (ii, 5), states that he died 28 Dec.
I422,leaving a son and heir James, twenty-
six years of age. He had held ' certain
lands in Barton called Farnworth ' of the
lord of Manchester ; also in Rumworth
and elsewhere.

An arbitration in 1417 between John
de Hulton, John Valentine, and Richard
Valentine on the one part, and Adam de
Hulton and Richard his son on the other,
respecting lands in Tyldesley, resulted in
favour of the former ; Adam de Hulton
was to pay 10 marks to John and restore
to Richard Valentine a horse and three
cows which he had wrongfully seized ;
Hulton Fed. 38.

Ellen daughter of John de Hulton
married Roger de Hulton of the Park ;
ibid. 12.

81 A bond by James de Hulton of
Farnworth, dated 1427, is printed in
Hulton Ped. 39.

83 In 1445 Randle Hulton of Man-
chester and another were acquitted of the
charge of shooting Richard Whitehead
and giving him a mortal wound ; among
the accessories were John Hulton, Wil-
liam son of James Hulton, and Edward,
William's brother, all of Farnworth ; Pal.
of Lane. Plea R. 8, m. 23^ ; 9, m. 29.

88 Hulton Ped. 41, where is printed the
inquisition, not taken till 1496. This
states that he held the manor of Farn-
worth, and lands there and in Kearsley,
Westhoughton, Manchester, Harpurhey,
and Lostock of Thomas West, Lord La
Warre, and other lands in Breightmet and
Bolton. Alice, his daughter and heir, in
1489 married Adam de Hulton, she being
then fifteen years of age, and he fourteen.
Christopher Hulton, brother of John, had
taken the profits since his brother's death.

In 1500 Christopher Hulton made a
settlement of Farnworth Hall, &c., in
favour of Margaret his wife, with re-
mainders to the heirs male, &c. ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 89, m. 3 ; see also R. 95,
m. 6 d. A feoffment by him in 1503
concerning the dower lands of Joan, the
widow of John Hulton, is printed in the
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 543 ; she was
the -widow of Adam Lever; see Lever
Chartul. no. 194, 195.

Christopher Hulton seems to have died
in i $09, when Richard Radcliffe, as trus-
tee, claimed lands in Rumworth and West-
houghton for the benefit of Margaret his
wife ; other trustees had taken possession
of Farnworth Hall 5 Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. 1 08, m. 1 8.

In depositions taken in 1559 (Ander-
ton D. no. n) it was stated that Christo-

pher Anderton had confessed to making
untrue depositions in a Chancery suit
brought by Adam Hulton of the Park,
and so had retained possession of lands in
Snydale in Westhoughton, &c. ; repent-
ing on his death-bed, he desired his wife to
restore the deeds and the lands to the true
owner, but she also retained them till her
death, in spite of the counsel of ' divers
of her ghostly fathers.' She died at
Mobberley in 1516, and then desired her
sister, Eleanor Leycester, and others to
see that restitution was made.

84 Hulton Ped. 39 ; his wardship was
granted to his wife Elizabeth and to
Thomas Hulton his cousin, £40 a year
being payable to the Crown during his life.
See Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 26.

85 Hulton Ped. 40.

86 In 1521 William Hulton, in order
to end the disputes with Adam Hulton
of the Park respecting the inheritance of
Alice daughter and heir of John Hulton,
released his lands in Snythill (Snydale) in
Westhoughton, Harpurhey, Denton,Open-
shaw, and Gorton, with reversion to Wil-
liam in the event of the failure of male
heirs of Alice. Adam Hulton, on the
other hand, allowed that the lands in Bar-
ton, Lever, and Bolton should remain to
William and to the heirs male of James
Hulton his father, according to the will
of John Hulton, elder brother of James
and father of Alice ; Hulton Ped. 41-3.

After William Hulton's death Adam
Hulton claimed the fulfilment of the
agreement — Christian, the widow, and
Alan, the heir, being defendants ; Duchy
of Lane. Plead, xxxviii, H. 21.

W Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x. 32 ; he
held the manor of Farnworth and lands
there and elsewhere in the neighbourhood,
of the lord of Manchester, by a rent of
561. He also held the manor of Rum-
worth and other lands. His grandson and
heir was four years of age.

The agreement for the marriage of
John, son and heir of William Hulton of
Farnworth, and Alice, daughter of Sir
William Radcliffe of Ordsall, was made
in December 1 548 ; there was some dis-
puting concerning it ; Duchy of Lane.
Plead, xxxiii, H. n.

88 Numerous references to the litigation
which ensued will be found in the Duca-
tus Lane.

Christian Hulton, widow of William,
aged seventy, stated that he had entrusted
to her certain lands in Farnworth, &c.,
which he had received under the will of
John Hulton his uncle fifty years before,
to enable her to keep and educate William
Hulton the grandson, also Christian and
Katherine ; and to find two priests to say
mass daily for the souls of William her
husband and John his uncle ; Duchy of
Lane. Plead, xxxviii, H. 6. Francis

Tunstall and Alice his wife, the widow of
John Hulton the younger, also claimed
the custody of her three children against
the grandmother, as well as Farnworth
Hall and certain parts of the estate from
which they had been ejected ; ibid, xl,
T. 1 6, 21, 2in.

89 Vicar of Blackburn 1561 to 1580 ;
died 1582 ; Abram, Blackburn, 287.

40 These details are from the pedigree
recorded in 1567 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), n.
Alan is called 'son and heir* of Alex-
ander, and also ' base son ' ; probably he
had been born before marriage, the second
son, George, being legitimate.

A claim was put forward by James
Hulton of Chorley, as son of Edward, son
of John Hulton, the great-grandfather of
Alan, citing the feoffment by William de
Hulton in the time of Richard II. John
Hulton, clerk, and Alan Hulton were the
defendants ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, xxxviii,
H. 19 ; xlii, H. 10. John Hulton gave
his pedigree as son of Alan Hulton, son
of John Hulton, son of James Hulton,
in reply to James Hulton ; ibid.lix, H. 19.

Katherine and Christian Hulton, the
daughters, in 1564 laid claim to some or
all of the Farnworth manors and lands as
co-heirs ; but John Hulton, clerk, as heir
male, justified his title ; ibid, lix, H. iga ;
Ixxxii, H. 2. It was stated that Adam
Hulton of the Park had claimed the
manors of Farnworth and Rumworth as
heir general.

In 1560 there was a recovery of the
manors of Farnworth and Rumworth, fifty
messuages, a water-mill, &c., John Hul-
ton, clerk, and Alan Hulton being the
holders ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 207,
m.3.

Alan Hulton was living in 1581 \Duca-
tus Lane, iii, 79.

41 Hulton Ped. 43, 44 ; also contem-
porary pedigree in Lever Chartul. fol. 51.
No reason is given for the preference
shown to the younger son.

As early as 1574 Alan Hulton became
bound to Christopher Anderton and others
not to disinherit his son John, but power
was reserved to alter this, provided a ma-
jority of those to whom he became bound
consented ; and this power he exercised
in 1587 when he bestowed all his manors
and lands (with a small exception) on his
second son George Hulton ; Anderton
D. no. 29, 49.

43 George Hulton complained in 1598
that certain persons were intruding on his
lands in Farnworth and Kearsley, and
digging coal pits there ; Dueatus Lane.
iii, 376. He died 19 March 1609-10,3!
Farnworth, holding the manor of Farn-
worth, with the capital messuage and
various lands, &c., there, of Sir Nicholas
Mosley as of his manor of Manchester in
socage, by the rent of 41. 6d. 5 the manor

LITTLE HULTON : KENYON PEEL HALL

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

worth and Rumworth, and the rest of the inherit-
ance.43 The manors were acquired by the Hultons
of Over Hulton.44

John the elder brother of George Hulton was
seated at Darleys in Farnworth. He died at Black-
burn 2 1 July 1 606, holding also lands in the Fylde
and at Over Darwen. Darleys was held of Nicholas
Mosley as of the manor of Manchester, and was
entailed on John Hulton's male issue, with remainder
to George Hulton of Farnworth ; John Hulton the
son and heir was thirteen years of age.45

The small part of the manor held by a family
which adopted the local name, appears as early as

1 246, when Emma de Farnworth mother of Adam
claimed half an oxgang of land then in possession of
Adam the Chief.46 Nine years later Adam de Farn-
worth claimed that Gilbert de Barton, as mesne lord,
should acquit him of the service for his oxgang and a
half demanded by the superior lord, Thomas Grel-
ley.4r It was probably about this time that Gilbert
de Barton released his claim to half of the ^s. rent
due from Adam's land.48 Adam left two sons, Richard 49
and Roger.50 Of these the former left issue,51 but
the inheritance, or the chief part of it, appears to have
descended to the heirs of Roger.52 By the end of the
1 5th century the heir was Nicholas Mitchell alias

of Rumworth, of the same, by the third
part of a knight's fee and the rent of
41. 6d. ; and various lands in Kearsley,
Bolton, and Lever. Thomas, his son and
heir, was born in 1601. The inquisition
recites the agreement made in 1593 on
his marriage with Margaret, daughter of
Robert Hyde of Norbury ; gives the
names of the children as Thomas, George,
Richard, Elizabeth, Mary, and {Catherine ;
and adds his will ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 468.

The Hulton Pedigree gives an elder son
William, born in 1594, who left issue, but
this seems to be erroneous.

48 In 1649 Judith Hulton, widow (of
Thomas, the heir above-named), was
plaintiff, and William Hulton (younger
brother of George, father of Thomas) and
Elizabeth his wife were deforciants of the
manors of Farnworth and Rumworth, and
houses, mill, lands, and common rights
there and in Lever ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 146, m. 76. In 1658 Richard
Bradshaw was plaintiff and Judith Hulton
and George Hulton (probably the younger
brother of Thomas) deforciants of the
manors, &c. ; ibid. bdle. 163, m. 67. A
year later the same Richard Bradshaw
was plaintiff and William Hulton and
Elizabeth his wife deforciants of the
manors ; ibid. bdle. 164, m. 52.

William son of George Hulton of
Farnworth became minister of Ringley
Chapel ; Barton, Farnivortb, 156.

44 Farnworth and Rumworth appear
among the manors of William Hulton
of Over Hulton in 1738 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 321, m. 3.

In 1787 it was recorded that 'William
Hulton, esquire, of Hulton Park, claims
the lordship of the waste of this town-
ship ; hath frequently exercised the right
of driving the commoners and hath gotten
coal under Halshaw moor ; but he holds
no court, nor is there any tradition of a
court having ever been held ; and, except
the instances I have given, and a few ap-
plications to him for liberty of making
brick upon the waste, I can find no traces
of any manorial title ; ' Doming Ras-
botham in Barton's FarnwortA, 1 1.

43 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 68. During last century
Darley was a seat of Benjamin Rawson
of Nidd Hall, Yorkshire, and his daughter
Elizabeth.

46 Assize R. 404, m. 6 ; Adam the
Chief gave J mark for licence to agree.

4" Final Cone, i, 1 1 6 ; Thomas Grelley
had claimed 31. from Adam de Farnworth
for Gilbert's default. Gilbert promised
to acquit him. The case proves that the
Farnworths* land was held under Barton.

48 Lever Chartul. no. 34, 35 ; Adam's
mother Emma was a daughter of Leising
de Lever, and she had had the oxgang and
a half from her father on her marriage

with Siward de Middleton. From a char-
ter quoted below (Ellesmere D. no. 85) it
appears that Adam's father was named
Robert de Farnworth. Adam de Farn-
worth may therefore be identified with the
Adam son of Robert son of Wrgem, to
whom Adam the Chief and John de Lever
granted land in Farnworth at a rent of
id. ; Ellesmere D. no. 78, 79, the latter
deed being endorsed ' service of Richard
de Farnworth.'

49 Richard de Farnworth in 1277
brought an action to compel John son
of Gilbert de Barton to adhere to the
above-cited fine respecting acquittance
of the service demanded by Thomas Grel-
ley ; De Banco R. 21, m. 10 ; R. 27, m.
87 d. ; R. 29, m. 10. In 1295 Richard
son of Adam de Farnworth granted to
Adam de Lever land which he had re-
ceived from Roger son of Meredith de
Hulton ; Lever Chartul. no. 57. This
Roger son of Meredith de Hulton was
also called Roger son of Meredith or
Marmaduke de Hulton, and was engaged
in suits with the Levers in 1301 onwards
concerning lands in Farnworth ; Assize R.
1321, m. 4, 11, 13 ; 418, m. II d.

12.

50 In 1283 Adam de Lever granted to
Roger son of Adam de Farnworth the
moiety of three parts of 1 2 acres, approved
by Henry de Blindsill by the high road
through Walkden to Manchester, and re-
leased all claim to certain homages and
services from lands which Adam de Farn-
worth had purchased from John de Lever,
a rent of i %d. being due ; Lever Chartul.
no. 48. This Roger is no doubt the Roger
de Farnworth, clerk, who in 1278 was
suing Adam de Lever for common of pas-
ture in Farnworth; Assize R. 1238, m.
33d. Some grants by Roger are pre-
served : — To Adam de Lever he gave a
moiety of the wood inclosed adjoining
Kearsley ; and to Richard de Redford an
approvement of the waste ; Lever Chartul.
no. 28, 38.

61 In 1298 Roger son of Meredith de
Hulton gave to Richard (? Robert) son of
Richard de Farnworth land which had
been formerly held by Henry son of
Robert de Hulton ; ibid. no. 71.

52 In 1292 Adam son of Roger de
Farnworth gave a mark for licence to
agree with Roger de Farnworth respecting
the warranty of a charter ; Assize R.
408, m. 7. Nine or ten years later
Adam son of Roger de Farnworth and
John the son of Adam made claims, as
by inheritance, for lands held by Robert
son of Richard de Farnworth ; Assize R.
1321, m. 4 ; 418, m. 6a, 1 1 d.

A dispute of some interest occurred in
1313-14, when Robertson of Richard de
Farnworth claimed a messuage and lands
in Farnworth and Walkden against John
son of Adam de Farnworth and Hawise

37

his wife, who alleged an enfeoffment by
Roger de Farnworth. The places named
had been called 'towns' in the writ, but
the jury decided that Walkden was neither
town nor hamlet, but only a place within
Farnworth ; Assize R. 424, m. 3.

The family contentions appear to have
been settled in 1328 by Robert son of
Richard de Farnworth releasing to John
son of Adam the lands in Hulton and
Farnworth formerly held by Roger de
Farnworth, Robert's uncle ; Ellesmere D.
no. 80.

John de Farnworth, whose wife was
named Mabel (no. 62), had a son Henry,
living in 1373 when Adam son of John
de Lever granted an inspeximus of a
charter granted by his ancestor John de
Lever to Adam son of Robert de Farn-
worth, the lands having come into Henry's
possession ; ibid. no. 85, and see no. 79.
The witnesses' names prove that this
Adam de Farnworth must be the Adam
son of Emma already named. In 1366
Henry de Farnworth had granted lands
to Richard de Farnworth (probably his
son, though not so described), with re-
mainders to Richard son of Agnes
daughter of Henry Atkinson de Heaton,
and to Richard son of Mabel daughter
of Ellis de Ridley ; to this deed Henry
affixed his own seal and that of the said
Richard de Farnworth ; no. 84. In 1393
Henry de Farnworth of Worthington and
Joan his wife were re-enfeoffed of lands in
Hulton and Farnworth, with remainders
to Henry's children, Richard, Avice, and
Joan ; no. 87. Henry was dead in 1394 ;
no. 2.

A William Tasker had had a bond from
Henry de Farnworth in 1376, and received
one from Henry's son Richard in 1394,
while in 1397 he and his wife Emma had
a grant of Mabotsfield in Farnworth ;
ibid. no. 86, 88, 89, 25. In 1426 Richard
son and heir of William Tasker sold to
Sir Geoffrey Massey of Tatton all his
right in the lands of Richard de Farn-
worth ; no. 92.

Richard de Farnworth in 1405 gave to
trustees his lands in Farnworth and Hul-
ton ; his father's widow Joan was still
living ; ibid. no. 90. Richard left a son
Richard, who married Alice, daughter of
Thomas Roper (no. 69), and two daughters
Alice and Margery. Geoffrey son of
the younger Richard in 1454 granted to
feoffees his lands in Farnworth and Hul-
ton, gave to Sir Geoffrey Massey Tasker's
Place in Farnworth, formerly the property
of his grandfather Richard, and also
granted to Sir Geoffrey the marriage of
Hugh Farnworth, his son and heir ap-
parent ; ibid. no. 93-5. In 1459 and
1466 various arrangements respecting
Tasker's Place were made among the
Masseys ; no. 97-100. An arbitration in
1474 between Lawrence Farnworth and

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Farnworth,53 who, in conjunction with his mother,
sold it to Dame Joan Stanley, the heiress of Worsley,54
and it has since remained part of the Worsley estate,
now owned by the Earl of Ellesmere.

Some of the Lever estate in Farnworth was granted
to the Byroms on the marriage of John Byrom with
Margaret daughter of William Lever in 1437." Part
was sold to Adam Crompton in 15 84."

The Hospitallers had lands in Farnworth before
1292." It was held under them by the Worsleys of
Booths,58 who, however, did not long retain it. After
the suppression of the order their Farnworth estate
became the property of the Earls of Derby, under
whom the Rishton family held it, having, it is said,
purchased from the Worsleys in I573-59 The
mansion-house, known as Birch House, has passed
through many hands. In the latter half of the
1 8th century it was the property and residence of

Doming Rasbotham, a man of literary tastes, who-
made collections for the history of Lancashire ; he
died in 1791, and there is a mural tablet to com-
memarate him in Deane Church.60

George Hulton and Henry Schoolcroft were free-
holders in 1 6oo.61 Among earlier landowners appear
the names of Lynalx 62 and Dutton.63

The land-tax returns of 1789 show that the town-
ship was divided among a great number of proprietors.
Of these the Duke of Bridgewater contributed the
largest individual share of the tax — about a twelfth.64

The commons were inclosed in I798.65

There are four churches in the township in con-
nexion with the Established religion ; of these All
Saints', Moses Gate, opened in 1881, is a chapel
of ease to St. John's, Halshaw Moor.66 St. James's,.
New Bury, was built in 1862-5 5 the patronage is
vested in trustees.67 St. Peter's, consecrated in 1886,.

Alice daughter of Geoffrey Farnworth
and wife of Nicholas Ashton, resulted in
the latter's favour ; it appeared that Geof-
frey's lands had been tailed to the heirs
general ; Ellesmere D. no. 101. In 1485
Thomas Ashton, son and heir of Sir John
Ashton, as his father's executor, granted a
discharge of all claims on the Farnworth
estate, having received £20 from Alice,
widow of Robert Brown, Margery, widow
of Robert Mitchell, Peter Bradshaw, and
Ralph Brown ; no. 103.

Alice Ashton cannot long have survived,
for in 1478 another arbitration was ar-
ranged in order to determine the heirship
of the lands of Richard Farnworth, father
of Geoffrey, lying in Deane parish ; his
issue had all died out, and therefore his
heirs were his sisters, then still living —
Alice Farnworth and Margery Mitchell,
wife of Robert Mitchell, sometime of
Nantwich ; they were the lawful daughters
of Dicon de Farnworth by Janet daughter
of Dicon del Ford of Swinley in Wigan ;
ibid. no. 28.

58 Nicholas Mitchell was the son of
Margery above mentioned ; he seems to
have adopted his mother's maiden name on
succeeding to the Farnworth inheritance.

M There are a large number of deeds
among the Ellesmere collection relating
to the transfer of the Farnworth lands in
Farnworth and Hulton. In 1480 Robert
Mitchell and Margery his wife and Robert
Browne and Alice his wife released to
Nicholas the son and heir of Margery
the inheritance of the said Margery and
Alice ; Nicholas had married Margery
daughter of James Hulme of Blackrod ;
no. 1 02. In 1498 Margery Mitchell alias
Farnworth and her son Nicholas granted
to feoffees all their lands in Hulton,
Kearsley, Farnworth, and Barton, and the
feoffees transferred to Richard Baron of
Wigan, with remainder to his brother
Ralph ; ibid. no. 105, 1 06. In the fol-
lowing year Margery, widow of Robert
Mitchell, and daughter and heir of Richard
Farnworth, released to Joan Stanley,
widow, daughter and heir of Sir Geoffrey
Massey, the inheritance which had been
sold to her by Margery's son Nicholas in
1490 ; Nicholas Mitchell confirmed the
same; no. 111-13. Dame Joan after-
wards (1504), as widow of Sir Edward
Pickering, granted a lease of land in Over
Hulton to Margery and Nicholas ; no. 114.
x ** Lever Chartul. no. 124, 126-8,
13.1-3. The lands, to which an addition
was fnade in 1561, were in the possession
of HetfT »on and heir apparent of John

\

Byrom at the beginning of 1582 ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdles. 23, m. 18 ; 46,
m. 1 60.

56 Ibid. bdle. 46, m. 46 ; Henry Byrom
was the vendor. There is no mention of
lands in Farnworth in his Inq. p.m. of
1614. The Milnehouses or Milneheys
was part of the Byrom property ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 227, m. 3.

Adam Crompton at his death in 1590
held a messuage, &c. in Farnworth and
Middleton of John Lacy, lord of Man-
chester, in socage, by a rent of 4^. ; James,
his son and heir, was twenty years of age
in 1594 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi,
1 8. James Crompton died 30 Aug.
1631 holding a messuage and land in
Farnworth of the lord of Manchester ;
John, his son and heir, was thirty years of
age ; Towneley MS. C. 8, 1 3 (Chet. Lib.),
244.

*7 Plac. de Quo War. (Rec. Com.), 375.

58 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, 5, of
Robert Worsley, 1533 ; a rent of izd.
was paid. See also Kuerden, v, fol. 84.
In 1787 a rent of is. a year was still
paid to Bamber Gascoyne, lord of the
manor of Much Woolton, as successor in
title to the Hospitallers ; Barton, Farn-
•zvortb, 12.

59 John Rishton, who died 22 Dec. 1633,
held a messuage, garden, two orchards, 10
acres of land, &c. in Farnworth, of the
Earl of Derby, as of the suppressed Hos-
pital of St. John of Jerusalem in England.
William Rishton, his son and heir, was
thirty-five years of age ; Towneley MS.
C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 997.

60 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 44 ; his
collections were used by Baines. A por-
trait of Doming Rasbotham is given.
His father, Peter, married Hannah, one
of the daughters and co-heirs of John
Doming of Birch House, by whom he ac-
quired the estate. Doming was born in
1730 ; in 1754 he married Sarah daugh-
ter of James Bayley of Manchester, and
had five children — Anne, Dorothy, Peter,
Doming, and Frances. He wrote a tragedy
called CoJrus and various essays, and was
also an artist. He was high sheriff in
1769. He died 7 Nov. 1791.

After his death Birch House was sold
to John Bentley, whose son again sold it ;
James Carlton and William Barton Whit-
tarn (who died in 1888) were successively
owners; Bolton Journ. Aug. 1885.

61 Misc. {Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
246,251.

Henry Schoolcroft of Farnworth died
in 1614 holding of the lord of Manches-

38

ter a messuage and lands in Farnworth,
Kearsley, and Worsley by 6d. rent ; these
he devised to Anne his wife on condition
that she maintained Henry Towneley and
Ellen his wife and their issue in food and
clothing. Ellen was the daughter and
heir, and of full age ; Land. Inj. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 283.

Henry Tong of Farnworth died about
the same time seised of messuages and
lands held of the lord of Manchester j
John, his brother and heir, was twenty-
six years of age ; ibid.

Evan Grundy died 15 Mar. 1630-1,.
holding a messuage and lands in Farn-
worth of the lord of Manchester ; Robert,
his son and heir, was fifteen years of age -T
Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.),
463. Robert Grundy died two years later,
leaving a brother John, aged thirteen, as
heir ; ibid. 461.

62 In 1342 William de Lynalx received
lands in Farnworth and Barton from
Robert, son and heir of Robert de Walk-
den ; Ellesmere D. no. 81. These he re-
leased to John Maunton, chaplain (proba-
bly as trustee), in 1380 ; Manch. Corp. D.

68 Richard Dutton in 1569 sold lands in
Farnworth and Worsley to Christopher
Anderton ; five years later he sold others to
Alan Hulton ; the former parcel appears
to have been sold in 1592 to George Hul-
ton, who thus acquired the Dutton lands ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdles. 31, m. 136 j
36, m. 197 ; 54, m. 3 ; see also Ducatut
Lane, iii, 449, 490.

64 Land tax returns at Preston. Among-
the other contributors were : — Edward
Whitehead, — Leighs, Richard Entwisle,
John Green, Doming Rasbotham, Richard
Entwisle, jun., Abraham Lowton, and John
Barnes. i

65 Barton, Farn-wortb, 383. In the Act
William Hulton of the Park was de-
scribed as lord of the manor, and the
principal landowners were the Duke of
Bridgewater, the Earl of Derby, Lord
Bradford, Sir John Parker Mosley, Le
Gendre Pierce Starkie, Rev. Walter Bagot,
Peter Rasbotham, &c.

There is a copy of the award, with a
plan, at the County Council offices,
Preston.

66 Barton, Farnivortb, 244.

'" For the repair fund see End. Char.
Rep. (Deane), 1903, p. 25 ; for district
assigned, Land. Gats. II May 1866. The
schools were built in 1839, the colliers
of the neighbourhood making the start, and
services were held there until the church
was built ; Barton, op. cit. 221-7.

LITTLK HULTON : KENVON PEEL HALL : GATEHOUSE

LITTLE HULTON : KENVON PEEL HALL : OAK DOORS OF GATEHOUSE

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

is in the gift of the vicar of Farnworth.68 Of St.
Thomas's, Dixon Green, built in 1879, the Bishop
of Manchester is patron.69 The Church Army has a
mission hall.

The Wesleyan Methodists have five churches —
Wesley, in Church Street, Moses Gate, Long Cause-
way, Plodder Lane, and New Bury.70 The Primitive
Methodists and Independent Methodists also each
have one.71 The New Connexion formerly had a
preaching room at New Bury, but gave it up in
1846."

The Baptists opened a chapel in 1879 ;ra this was
succeeded by the present church in 1907.

The Congregationalists were the first to esta-
blish a place of worship in Farnworth, the old
chapel being built in 1808. Now they have three
churches.74

There is a Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Chapel.

The Catholic Apostolic church has an iron build-
ing.

There is also a barracks of the Salvation Army.

The Roman Catholic church of St. Gregory the
Great originated in 1852. After using an old ware-
house and other buildings a small chapel was built,
which in twenty years' time proving too small, the
present church in Presto Street was erected, and
opened in 1876.

Dixon Green School was founded in 1715.

KEARSLEY

Kersleie, 1268 ; Keyresley, 1443 ; Kyrsley, Kerse-
ley, xvi cent. Kersley continues in use as an alterna-
tive spelling.

Kearsley, formerly a part of Farnworth, has become
a separate township. Its north-eastern boundary is
formed by the Irwell, and the road from Manchester
to Bolton passes north-west through the centre, having
a length of a mile and a half within the boundaries.
The total area of the township is 997 acres.1 The
surface in general slopes from the higher land on the
south-west border to the steep banks of the Irwell.

Lower Kearsley, by the bridge over that river, is often
called Ringley, being considered part of Ringley in
Pilkington.

Kearsley proper clusters along the south-east end
of the main road mentioned ; but Farnworth is ex-
tending over the Kearsley borders in the north, and
Stoneclough is a hamlet near the Irwell on the road
to Radcliffe. Clammerclough is a district to the
north-west of the last - named, and lies between
Darley in Farnworth and the Irwell. Kearsley Moss
formerly occupied the south-west quarter of the town-
ship. The Manchester and Bolton line of the Lanca-
shire and Yorkshire Company passes through Kearsley
parallel to the high road, and has a station near Stone-
clough called Kearsley.

In 1901 the population recorded was 9,218.*

The township is a busy industrial place. There
are collieries, iron foundries, paper mills, power-
loom mills, spindle works, and chemical works ; *
bricks and tiles are made and cotton-spinning car-
ried on.

A local board was formed in 1865 ;* in 1894 this
was replaced by an urban district council of twelve
members elected by two wards, east and west.

William Hulme's house, with seven hearths, was
the only large one in the township in 1666, when
the total number of hearths liable to the tax amounted
to thirty-nine.5

Doming Rasbotham in 1787 wrote thus : — 'Oak
and alder trees have been found deeply embedded in
the turf upon Kearsley moor. The timber was as
black as ebony,' but not so well preserved as usual.6

There was anciently no manor of
M4NOR KEARSLET, which was merely a part
of Farnworth, itself a hamlet in Barton.
The earliest deed relating to it is a grant of the whole
by Edith de Barton to Cockersand Abbey.7 A num-
ber of the neighbouring families had lands and common
rights in Kearsley, and one of the lords of Farnworth
appears to have been specially associated with it, so
that it will be convenient to give the descent of his
family in this place.

Richard son of Adam de Redford, who was living
in 1276, is the earliest on record.8 He was succeeded

68 Barton, Farn-wortht 246-50.

89 Mancb. Dioc. Dir. For district see
Land. Gaz. 14 Sept. 1880. Barton, op.
cit. 241-4 ; schoolroom services had been
held from 1867.

7° Barton, op. cit. 227, 234. Assem-
blies for public worship began at Dixon
Green about 1810. A chapel was built
in Market Street in 1830, and a larger
one in Church Street in 1860-1. A
school chapel at Moses Gate was opened
in 1872, and a chapel built five years
later.

7* Ibid. 232. A mission was begun in
1835 and the first chapel in Queen Street
built in 1840, succeeded by a larger in
1860.

7J Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 143.

78 Barton, op. cit. 409 ; services had
begun in hired rooms and then in a
cottage in 1873.

74 Ibid. 162 ; the old chapel was en-
larged in 1837, and the present Market
Street Chapel opened in 1850, the old
building continuing in use for class-
rooms, &c. Schools were established at
Dixon Green and New Bury. Albert
Road Chapel, originating at the former

centre in 1856, was opened in 1862 ; the
first Francis Street Chapel in 1869, and
the second in 1884; ibid. 182-90;
Nightingale, op. cit. iii, 135-49, views of
the four churches are given. There is
also a mission-room.

1 1,005, including 25 of inland water,
according to the 1901 Census Report.

• Pop. Returns, 1901.

8 Clammerclough Cotton Mill was built
about 1828 ; Barton, Farnvuorth, 84. Ben-
jamin Rawson's Alkali Works were esta-
blished earlier.

4 Lond. Gaz. 17 Oct. 1865. In Barton's
Farnivorth, pp. 89-101, are printed extracts
from the township books from 1809 on-
wards. The constables and burley men
were officials.

5 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

6 Barton, Farn-wortht 1 6.

7 Cockersand Chartul. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
709. This charter gives a portion of her
land in Farnworth, ' the whole of Kearsley
with all its appurtenances' within bounds
as follows : — Up the deep lache from Irwell
towards Stockbridge, then going down Fle-
thithaleth to the Irwell again ; for the
health of the soul of Edith's son John.

39

Kearsley is not named in the Cockersand
Rentals, so that the grant may have been
revoked or exchanged.

8 Assize R. 1238, m. 34.

In 1294 Richard son of Adam de
Redford released to Adam son of John
de Lever all his claim to lands held by
the latter in Farnworth and Great Lever ;
Towneley's LeverChartul.(Add.MS.3 2103
no. 1-260), no. 53. The same Richard
gave to Adam de Lever, for the service
of an arrow, land which Henry de Blinds-
hill had approved beyond Walkden ; no. 27.
To his brother Henry he granted all the
land of Hassumbottom, the Hokensnape
and Ritherake being among the boun-
dary marks, no. 40. To Richard son of
John de Hulton he granted 6 acres on
the north side of Walkden Bank, at a
rent of a pair of white gloves, Richard
de Hulton at the same time allowing
certain approvements of the waste of
Farnworth ; no. 43. The elder Richard
was still living in 1297 when, as Richard
de Redford the elder, he released to Robert
son of Jordan (de Hulton), rector of War-
riugton, all his right in land in Barton
and Farnworth ; no. 69.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

regularly by his descendants, Richard,9 John,10 and
another Richard. The last-named, who married
Alice daughter of Robert de Worsley,11 left two
daughters as co-heirs — Ellen, who married Adam son
of Henry de Prestall,1* and Alice, who married a
Standish, and left a daughter and heir Joan, wife of
Richard Seddon."

The Prestalls' share descended to a son Richard u
and granddaughters Joan and Isabel. Joan Prestall
was three times married. Her first marriage, in
infancy, was not ratified ; her second husband was
John Leigh, by whom she had a son Thomas,15 whose
son Richard sold the inheritance to Ralph Assheton of
Great Lever ;16 her third husband was Edmund Bolton,.

» Richard de Redford the younger at-
tested a charter in 1295 ; Towneley'g
Lever ChartuL (Add. MS. 32102, no.
1-260), no. 60 ; and another in
1297 as Richard son of Richard de Red-
ford ; no. 69. In the year before he
had made an agreement with Adam de
Lever respecting the mediety of three
parts of approvements in Hope Hey and
opposite Blindeshill and Whitecroftjno.59.
From Henry de Worsley he procured a
confirmation of his common of pasture
within bounds beginning at Hope Lache,
at the Farnworth end of it, then by the
Hope Hey to Wicheshaw Lydiate in Wich-
eves in Worsley (Little Hulton), by the
highway to Longshaw, and straight to the
Edge in Lepar Lache, by Black Lache to
Walden Brook, and up the brook to the
Hope and the starting-point ; no. 67. He
made an exchange with Henry son of
John de Hulton in 1 299 ; no. 72. Richard
de Redford was one of the lords of Farn-
worth in 1 320; Mamcestre (Chet. Soc.),289.

10 John de Redford was a witness in
13165 Lever ChartuL no. 8 I. To John son
of Henry de Hulton he in 1321 released all
his right in the mill and land called Peck
in the hamlet of Farnworth and in all
land of the mill within the lanes by which
the king's highway went on to Manches-
ter, John de Hulton allowing him to grind
freely at the mill ; no. 86. From Adam
son of Henry de Blindishill, he in 1326
acquired the land called Ashinbottom (no
doubt the Hassumbottom of a previous
charter) ; no. 88. In 1341 he agreed to
an exchange of lands — in the Newfield,
the Marsh, and Black Bottom — with John
de Hulton ; no. 93.

11 Richard son of John de Redford in
1350 received from his feoffee all his lands
in Farnworth, with remainders to his heirs
by Alice ; ibid. no. 94. At the same time
a rent-charge of 1 31. 4^. out of the Farn-
worth lands was settled on Alice daughter
of Robert de Worsley ; no. 95.

18 The Prestall family occur in the
1 3th century ; Adam son of Eve de
1 Presthall ' being named in 1278 and
1392; Assize R. 1238, m. 34; 418,
m. 3 d. The same Adam was witness to
a Farnworth charter; LeverChartul. no. 24;
in 1299 he had a release of actions from
William son of Richard the Chief ; no. 70.
Probably he is the same as Adam son of
Henry de Prestall who received from the
first Richard de Redford a grant of a
mediety of three parts of Farnworth, the
boundaries following Rodenden to the
Irwell, by this stream to Greenlache, up
the lache to the highway, and so back to
the starting-point ; no. 21. This land he
gave to Adam de Lever ; the rent of ftd.
was due to the chief lords ; no, 22.

Early in 1330 Henry de Prestall, per-
haps the son or grandson of Adam, received
from Adam de Lever the mediety of three
parts of Prestall Banks, a rent of -j\d.
being payable ; ibid. no. 90. Richard de
Farnworth, as trustee, in 1350 restored to
Henry de Prestall all his lands in the
hamlet of Farnworth in the vill of Barton,
with remainder, after his death, to Agnes
daughter of Robert de Walkden, for her

life, and then to Agnes' children Adam,
Philippa, and Maud, and their heirs, in
succession, and in default to the right
heirs of Henry de Prestall ; Lord Elles-
mere's D. no. 82. In 1364 Henry de
Prestall gave to Adam son of Agnes,
daughter of Robert de Walkden, all his
lands in Farnworth, with similar remaind-
ers ; ibid. no. 83. From its terms this grant
was probably made on Adam's marriage.

An indenture of 1394 has been pre-
served, made between Ellen and Alice,
daughters and co-heirs of Richard de Red-
ford, concerning land called Herefield in
Kearsley; from this agreement for par-
tition it appears that Ellen was then the
widow of (Adam) de Prestall and Alice
the widow of Jordan de Tetlow ; Lever
Chartul. no. 260.

18 The pedigrees of the Redford heirs
were compiled in 1598 by Ralph Assheton
of Great Lever ; but as to the Seddon
portion he is careful to state : ' I had it
but by the report of Thomas Marcroft,
without the sight of his evidence,' though
for the other portion * I set it down by
the sight of my own evidence ' ; ibid. fol.
7<D/>. From the deed last quoted it is
plain that Alice married a second time.

In 1473 Adam Prestall held of the
lord of Manchester his capital messuage
with the appurtenances, value £10 a year,
by a rent of 6J. ; and Richard Seddon
held a message, &c., value 5 marks, also
by a rent of 6d. ; Mamecestre, 478.

14 The paternity of Richard is not stated
in the deeds preserved.

Among the De Trafford deeds are some
relating to Farnworth. The land to which
they refer had belonged to Robert son of
Robert de Walkden in 13805 he granted
it to Robert de Walkden, bastard son of
Cecily de Hough, who, with his brother
John, sold it to Richard de Prestall in the
beginning of the reign of Henry VI 5 no.
299-308. Adam de Prestall was a witness
in 1380 5 no. 300. Richard' smother was
named Ellen, his wife was Elizabeth, and
his son and heir Adam was in 1425 es-
poused to Margaret, daughter of Otes de
Holland 5 no. 308, 309.

In 1419 Richard Prestall leased to
Hugh son of Jack Hulton land then
occupied by Hugh in Farnworth, with re-
mainder to Hugh's brother Roger ; Ellcs-
mere D. no. 91. In 1426 William and
Roger Lever were bound to Richard
Prestall, and he to them, in £100 to
abide an arbitration as to certain disputes ;
Lever Chartul. no. 116. In 1445 Richard
Prestall complained that Giles Lever
of Barton and a number of others had
broken into his close and destroyed his corn
and grass ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 7, m. 5 b.
A little later John Lever made a similar
complaint, Richard Prestall, William
Prestall, and Richard, William's son,
being among the accused ; ibid. R. 8,
m. 3.

Another arbitration took place in 1478,
Alice widow of Richard Prestall and Sir
Geoffrey Massey being on one side, and
Sir Ralph Assheton, Ralph his son, and
others named on the other side ; the
latter had to pay to the former a certain

40

sum of money ' in the chapel of St. James-
the Apostle in the parish church of Man-
chester between the hour of ix of the clock
afore noon and the third hour after noon ' 5.
Ellesmere D. no. 226.

15 Lever Chartul. no. 239-59,^6 record
of a long series of disputes concerning this,
portion of the Prestall inheritance, arising
from the child marriage of Joan with
Adam Prestall. It may be observed that
the Leighs are described as « of Highfield '
in Farnworth, for the Redford properties
were not confined to Kearsley.

In 1 510 John Ashley of Ashley in
Cheshire agreed with Edward Bolton and
Joan his wife, late wife of John Leigh of
Highfield, one of the daughters and heirs
of Richard Prestall, concerning the mar-
riage of Thomas Leigh, son and heir of
John and Joan, with Elizabeth, daughter
of John Ashley 5 no. 229. Alice, the
mother of Joan, and Isabel her sister,
wife of Henry Southworth, are mentioned.

In 1527 Thomas Leigh of Prestall and
James son of Edmund Bolton of Highfield,
referred their disputes to arbitration, which
resulted in favour of the former 5 no. 240.
An exchange was made.

About 1555 the contention as to the
legitimacy of the Leighs was brought to a
trial. James Bolton alleged that Joan
Prestall married (i) Adam Prestall, who
died without issue, and (2) Edmund Bolton,
father of the petitioner (who was only
twelve years old at his mother's death
and under age at his father's) ; the Leigh
marriage was adulterous; no. 245. Thomas
Leigh, one of the six children of John and
Joan Leigh, made reply ; he had been in
possession for twenty-six years, viz. from
the death of Edmund Bolton ; no. 246.
About 1557 Cuthbert, Bishop of Chester,
certified that the disputed marriage was
lawful, no. 254 ; but on the accession of
Elizabeth a new petition was made, and
in 1 56 1 the queen ordered the new Bishop
of Chester to make inquiry as to the dis-
puted marriage 5 no. 247. This was favour-
able to its legality, and in 1562 an award
was made between James Bolton and
George, his son and heir apparent, on the
one side, and Thomas Leigh and Richard,
his son and heir apparent, on the other.
The latter were adjudged in the right, but
directed to make a lease of certain lands
at a rent of 6s. %d. to James Bolton ; no.
248-52.

In 1575 Thomas Leigh of Highfield
and Richard his son, with Richard's wife
Katharine, sold Prestall to James Bolton ;
no. 253. This seems to have been followed
by a fine in 1578, Thomas Leigh being
dead ; PaL of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 40,
m. 38.

16 The fact of sale is stated in the pedi-
gree compiled by Ralph Assheton, but the
deeds are not transcribed. In the in-
quisition the lands in Kearsley are grouped
with those in Farnworth ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 287. A
'manor* of Kearsley is mentioned in 1628;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 14, no. 8.

The Leigh family continued to hold
property in Farnworth down to the end of
the 1 8th century; Barton, Farnworth, 159.

SALFORD HUNDRED

DEANE

whose great-grandson, Robert Bolton, was living
in 1598, and had Prestall.17 Isabel, the other
Prestall co-heir, married Henry Southworth, but
had no children, and her share was sold to the
Traffords.18

The Seddons' share descended to Giles,19 Ralph,
and Thomas Seddon, son, grandson, and great-grand-
son respectively of Joan and Richard. Thomas Seddon,
who died during his father's lifetime, left two daughters
as co-heirs. Elizabeth, the elder, married Thomas
Marcroft,20 and had a son Robert ; Cecily, the younger,
married Peter Seddon, and left a son Ralph, described
as « of Pilkington.' J1

Of all these the Boltons and Marcrofts are specially
associated with Kearsley. There does not appear to
be any record of their history. Robert Marcroft sold
his lands to Richard Ashton, who in 1651 sold to the
Starkies of Huntroyde ; Kearsley Hall is still in the
possession of this family." In 1836 Ellis Fletcher of
Clifton owned the waste.23 The only ' manor * of
Kearsley claimed in recent times is that of the
Hultons of Over Hulton, apparently as part of the

Farnworth estate acquired from the Hultons of
Farn worth.84

Kearsley occurs as a surname.25

In 1790 the principal landowners wereLe Gendre
Starkie, Sir John Mosley, and Jonathan Doming.26

Kearsley Hall was in the I jih century the residence
of William Hulme, the founder of the Hulmeian
exhibitions at Brasenose College, Oxford."

In connexion with the Established Church, St.
John's, Halshaw Moor, on the boundary of Farn-
worth, was built in 1826, and had a district assigned
to it in i829.28 The incumbent, with the designa-
tion of vicar of Farnworth, is appointed by Hulme's
trustees. St. Stephen's, Kearsley Moor, was built in
1871 ; the vicar of Farnworth is patron.19

The Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists each have
chapels.10

The Congregational Church, built in 1901, replaces
a school-chapel. A Sunday school had been held as
early as 1845."

The Swedenborgians have a place of worship known
as New Jerusalem.31

*' See previous note. Robert Bolton of
Kearsley frequently served on juries in
the time of James I. He died 30 Aug.
1638, holding a house and lands in Kears-
ley, Farnworth, and Worsley of the lord
of Manchester ; Robert his son and heir
was twenty-eight years of age ; Towneley
MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 65.

18 This statement is taken from the
pedigree compiled by Ralph Assheton. Sir
Edmund Trafford and Edmund his son
and heir in 1582 joined in selling twenty
messuages, a water-mill, &c., in Prestall,
Kearsley, and Farnworth to Nicholas
Mosley ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
44, no. 39. These lands subsequently
appear in the Mosley inquisitions ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
66.

19 In 1494 Joan widow of John Hulton
of Farnworth granted to Giles Seddon of
Kearsley all the lands which Oliver Seddon
had held of her in Kearsley and Rudaden;
Lever Chartul. no. 197 ; and in 1 506 Ralph
Assheton the younger likewise demised to
Giles Seddon of Kearsley, Katherine his
wife, and John, Adam, and Arthur Seddon
their sons, lands tenanted by Oliver Sed-
don ; no. 198.

In 1553 Thomas Marcroft and Eliza-
beth his wife and Peter Seddon and Cecily
his wife sought lands in Kearsley and
Farnworth from Giles and William Seddon;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 279.

20 Richard Leigh of Highfield and
Thomas Marcroft of Kearsley were
among the proprietors of Farnworth in
1598 ; Lever Chartul. no. 204. Thomas

Marcroft of Kearsley was living in 1 600 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
249.

21 A division of a tenement in Kearsley
held in common by Henry, Earl of Derby,
Ralph Assheton of Great Lever, and Ralph
Seddon of Pilkington, was made in 1589.
The tenement had been Oliver Seddon's,
and the following rents were due from it :
To the Earl of Derby, ^^d. ; to Ralph
Assheton, lot. and four hens; and to Ralph
Seddon, 6;., two hens, and two days'
' shearing ' (reaping). The lands held by
Thomas Marcroft in right of his wife
Elizabeth are mentioned ; Lever Chartul.
no. 205.

A 'manor' of Kearsley is mentioned
among the Earl of Derby's possessions in
163 1 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 18,
no. i.

Peter Seddon of Prestolee in Prestwich,
and Ralph Smith of Unsworth, trustees of
Hugh Parr of Kearsley, and John Parr,
his only son and heir apparent, settled
lands in Kearsley and a house in Man-
chester in 1654 ; Hulme D. in.

For the Seddons of Outwood and Kears-
ley see Nathan WalivortKs Correspondence
(Chet. Soc.).

23 Information of Mr. Daniel Howsin
of Padiham.

28 Baines, Lana. iii, 42.

34 Kearsley was usually named among
the Hulton manors ; e.g. Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 321, m. 3.

25 Richard de Redford, Adam de Lever,
and Richard the Chief granted to John
son of Adam de Kearsley 3 acres of the

waste in Backbottom, with housebote, hey-
bote, and other liberties ; Lever Chartul.
no. 30. The compiler has added a note
that the land was (in 1607) supposed to
be the Little Keys, part held by Thomas
Marcroft and part by Oliver Seddon.

See Lanes, and Ches. Hist, and Gen.
Notes, i, 249.

28 Land tax returns at Preston.

a? Barton, Farnivortb, 143. See the
account of Reddish.

88 Loud. Gaz. 13 Jan. 1829. It
was built under the 'Million Act,' by
which several Lancashire districts bene-
fited. For an account of the origin and
progress of this church see Barton,
Porn-worth, 191-216. The foundation
stone was laid in 1824; the church was
opened in 1826, and greatly enlarged in
1871.

29 For district, Lond. Gas. 6 Feb. 1872.
The foundation stone was laid in 1870, and
the church was consecrated in July 1871 ;
Barton, op. cit. 236-40.

80 Ibid. 231, 365. The Wesleyans be-
gan to hold Sunday services in 1835 ; the
chapel was built in 1870. Meetings had
begun even earlier in Lower Kearsley ;
schools were built in 1836 and a chapel
in 1865.

81 B. Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
142.

82 Barton, op. cit. 372-5 ; services
were begun in 1827, and a chapel erected
in 1836; the present church was dedi-
cated in 1878. The Rev. Woodville
Woodman, pastor from 1837 to 1872,
was a man of some note.

!

4«

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE
FLIXTON

FLIXTON URMSTON

The parish of Flixton,1 a compact area of three
plough-lands ancient assessment lying in the tongue
between the Irwell and Mersey, appears to have been
cut off from Barton ; the boundary between them is
a straight line running east and west, while the
eastern boundary is merely a part of that between
Barton and Stretford, also a straight line running
south from the boundary of Whittleswick to the
Mersey. Similarly the division between the com-
ponent townships of Flixton is a straight line running
southwards. The area is 2,581 acres, and the popu-
lation in 1901 was 10,250. The geological forma-
tion consists of the Upper Mottled Sandstone (Bunter
series) of the New Red Sandstone.

From its position the parish has had a quiet and
uneventful history. It lies out of touch with the
old main roads from Manchester to Warrington and
to Chester, and only one of its local gentry has taken
any prominent part in the movements of the day,
namely Peter Egerton of Shaw, an active partisan
of the Parliament during the Civil War.

To the ancient 'fifteenth' Flixton paid 14*. 6d.
and Urmston 8/. 6</., the hundred in all paying
£41 I4_f. \d? For the county lay of 1624 Flixton
was assessed at £3 js. ^\d. when the hundred paid
j£ioo, the townships of Flixton and Urmston con-
tributing in the proportions of seven and four.8

The parishioners of Flixton making the Protes-
tation in 1641 numbered 171, being headed by the
two squires and the curate.4

To the hearth tax of 1666 eighty-nine hearths
were found liable in Flixton, where the only house
with more than four hearths was that of Leonard
Egerton, with eleven ; and sixty hearths in Urmston,
where the chief houses were those of Roger Rogers
and Richard Starkie, with nine and six hearths
respectively.4

There are at present 863 acres of arable land in
the parish, 8 1 3 devoted to permanent grass, and 3 to
woods and plantations.

The church of ST. MICHAEL stands
CHURCH at the east end of the village on high
ground about 250 yds. north of the
River Mersey with a very extensive view from the
churchyard southward over Carrington Moss. It
consists of chancel 2 7 ft. by 1 7 ft., with north vestry
and organ chamber, nave 36ft. 6 in. by 17 ft. 6 in.
with north and south aisles, and west tower 1 3 ft.
square. These measurements are all internal. The
south aisle extends the whole length of the nave and
chancel, and is 6 1 ft. 4 in. long by 1 2 ft. 3 in. wide.
The north aisle is the same width and 37ft. loin,
in length. Though the foundation is a very ancient
one, and a church is known to have existed here
since the 1 2th century, the present structure retains

so little ancient work that little or nothing can be
said of the development of the plan. Two fragments
of what appear to be 12th-century stones with
lozenge ornament are built into the east wall on the
outside, but apart from these the oldest work in the
building is contained in the chancel, which, in some-
thing of its present form, dates from the i 5th century.
It has been so much rebuilt, however, that little or
nothing of the original work remains except in the
reconstructed walling, the lower part of which appears
to be old or entirely rebuilt of ancient masonry.

The 15th-century church apparently occupied
pretty much the same area as at present, with the
exception of the north vestry, and stood in all prob-
ability till the 1 8th century. In 1731 the parish
rebuilt the tower6 in the style of the day, and in
1756 the nave and aisles. The chancel had to be
partly rebuilt in 1815, when one of the piers gave
way and the wall fell in.7 In 1851 the north-east
vestry was built ; and in 1863, the tower, of which
there had been a partial restoration in 1824, was
declared unsafe, and the ringing of the bells was
stopped. A general restoration took place in 1877,
when the galleries which had been erected in the
1 8th century were removed, the ceiling opened out,
new seats put in, and two doors, one at the west end
of the north aisle and the other at the east end of the
south aisle, were built up. In 1888 the tower was
entirely rebuilt and the ringing of the bells resumed.
The church is built of red sandstone, the roofs of the
chancel, nave, and aisles being covered with stone
slates, and that of the vestry with green slates.

The chancel of two bays is open to the nave without
structural division and has an east window of late
15th-century style, of three cinquefoiled lights under a
four-centred head in modern stonework. Its east
wall stands slightly in front of those of the vestry
and south aisle, and has diagonal buttresses at the
angles. On the north are the vestry and organ
chamber, and on the south an aisle. Before the
building of the vestry the north wall was solid, with
an external buttress,8 but has now an arcade of two
low arches of two chamfered orders springing from
an octagonal shaft and responds with moulded capitals.
The west respond is built against a 3 ft. length of
old walling which marks the extent of the north
aisle. The vestry and organ chamber are built in
15th-century style, and are separated from the aisle
by an arch constructed when the east wall of the
aisle was taken down. On the south side the chancel
has an arcade of two pointed arches of two chamfered
orders, the crowns of which come immediately under
the wall plate. They spring from octagonal shafts
21 in. in diameter with moulded capitals and cham-
fered bases, and are probably a modern copy of the

1 For map of this parish, see Eccles.

9 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland),
1 8.

8 Ibid. 15, 22.

4 Richard Lawson, Hist, of Flixton
(1898), 148, 149. This work, containing

a large amount of information regarding
the parish, has been freely drawn upon
in the present account. A similar work,
published in the same year by David
Herbert Langton, has also been used.
5 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9.

4?

6 Inscription on tower ' This steeple
was rebuilt at ye sole charge of ye Parish
Anno Domini 1731.'

7 Baines, Lanes. (1836), iii, 164.

8 See drawing of building in 1731, in
Lawson, Hist, of Flixton, 5.

SALFORD HUNDRED

original 15th-century arcade, erected after the accident
of 1815. The height of the pillars to the top of the
capitals is 7 ft. 9 in., but on the north side the pier to
the new arcade is only 5 ft. 3 in., and the arch above
of corresponding height, leaving a wide extent of wall
space above, which has lately been decorated with a
frieze of painted figures. This difference in height
is accounted for by the roof of the vestry being con-
siderably lower than the roofs of the chancel or aisle.
The nave arcade of the I 5 th-century church was a
continuation westward of that on the south side of
the chancel, but in the 1 8th century it was swept
away and the present classic nave and aisles erected
between the newly-built tower and the older chancel.
The nave has three semicircular arches on each side,
springing from circular stuccoed columns of the Tus-
can order standing on pedestals 3 ft. high. There
are three columns on the north side and two on the
south, with a half column against the upper part of
the octagonal stone pier at the east end. The junc-
tion of the 18th-century work with that of the
chancel is clumsily effected, and
indicates the evident intention
to carry the rebuilding east-
ward. The spacing of the bays
on the north and south is un-
equal, the columns not coming
opposite each other, and on the
north the beginning of a fourth
semicircular arch butts against
the wall at the west end of
the chancel. The north aisle
extends slightly further west-
ward than the south, and is
lighted by three high round-
headed windows on the north
side and one at the west, with
moulded sills, architraves, im-
posts, and keystones. The
south aisle is lighted along its
side by four similar windows
and one at each end. In the
south-west corner is a semi-
circular-headed doorway with
pilasters and pediment, and a
smaller round-headed window
over. The nave and aisles
have open timbered roofs of plain king-post type.

The tower, as previously stated, is a modern re-
building of the 18th-century one, and has a round
arch towards the nave. It is of three stages marked
i by string-courses, with a vice in its south-west corner
entered from the outside, and is a mixture of classic
and 18th-century Gothic detail of no particular archi-
tectural interest, but a fair example of its kind. The
angles, like those of the aisles, have drafted quoins,
and at the corners of the embattled parapet are urn
ornaments. The lower stage has a round-headed
west doorway with a three-light debased Gothic
window breaking the string-course above, and over it

FLIXTON

the inscription recording the rebuilding of the tower
in I731- The upper stage on each side has a round-
headed three-light window with stone louvres and
label over. The window head has a keystone round
which the cornice above breaks, and which is carried
up as an intermediate pilaster in the middle of the
parapet surmounted by an urn. In the second stage
on the north side is an inscription to the effect that
the tower was rebuilt in 1888 in commemoration of
Queen Victoria's Jubilee. There is a clock presented
in 1889 in the second stage on the north and east
sides.

There is a 17th-century oak chest in the vestry,
but generally speaking all the fittings of the church
are modern, mostly dating from 1877 or ^ater- The
font is under the tower, and an oak screen separating
the baptistery from the nave was erected in 1903.

At the west end of the south aisle was formerly a
brass to the memory of Richard Radcliffe of Newcroft
(died 1602), but during a recent decoration of the
church it has been removed to the vestry. It bears

FLIXTON CHURCH : SOUTH-EAST VIEW

the figures of Radcliffe in armour and his two wives,
kneeling at each side of a book desk, with the three
sons of the first wife, and the two sons, three daugh-
ters, and three infants (swaddled) of the second.
The first wife Bridget (Caryll) widow of W. Molyneux,
kneels with her three sons opposite to Radcliffe, while
the second wife and her children kneel behind him.
Over the desk is a shield with the arms of Radcliffe
of Ordsall with helm, crest, and mantling, and on
each side a shield with the arms of Radcliffe impaling
those of his wives.8a

There is no ancient stained glass.

Until 1 806 there were four bells, of which oner

83 The inscription is as follows : ' Here
lyeth ye bodie of Richard Radclyff Esquire
of Newcroft, yongest sonne to Sr William
Radclyff of Ordsall, whoe in his life was
Captaine over CC. foote at y* siege of
Leeghte, & at y* rebellion in y® north, hee
had first to wife Brigett y* daught : of
Thomas Carell of Warnam in ye County

of Sussex y8 widowe of W. Mollynex
sonne & heyre of Sr Richard Mollinex
and had issue by her 3 sonnes. He had
to his 2 wife Margret y6 daught : &
heyre of John Radclyffe of Foxdenton, &
had issue by her 2 sonnes & 6 daughters
whereof 5 daughters are deceased. He
being of the age of 67 years departed this

43

life the I3th of lanuaire in Ano. Dom,
1602.' The two last lines have been re-
newed in modern lettering on a separate
strip of brass. They formerly read ' where
of v daughters are deceased. He beinge
of the age of 67 years, deceased the I3th»
of lanuarie in Ano Dom 1602.'

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

known as the poor folks' bell, was subscribed for by the
villagers. Three of them bore the motto ' Jesus be our
speed,' and the fourth ' Leonard Asshawe, Peter Eger-
ton, Esq. 1624.' 9 These were recast in 1 806 by John
Rudhall of Gloucester, and four new ones added by
public subscription, the first peal being rung on
25 January 1808. On arrival at Flixton the tenor
bell was placed mouth upwards in a field and ten
guineas' worth of double strong ale put in for the popu-
lace to regale themselves with.10 Some of the bells
were recast by Taylor of Loughborough in 1887.

The curfew is rung between 29 September and
25 March, and a bell, locally called the 'Pudding
bell,' is rung every Sunday at one o'clock and again
at two, the origin of which is said to have been to let
the people of Carrington know that there would be
service at Flixton in the afternoon.

The plate consists of a flagon, 1776 (the gift of
William Allan, esq., Davyhulme), a chalice and two
patens, and a large almsdish, 1875.

The registers begin in 1570. There is a loose
leaf of the churchwardens' accounts for the year
1690-91, but the account books do not begin till
1707."

Additions to the churchyard were made in 1868
and 1887. The oldest gravestone is dated 1669, and
there is a pedestal sundial on the south side of the
church with the names of the churchwardens and
maker (James Sandiford, a Manchester clock-maker),
and the date 1772.

The advowson of the church be-

4DVOWSON longed to the Grelley moiety of

Flixton, and was granted with it to

Henry son of Siward. On the foundation of Bur-

scough the church was granted to the priory,1* and
appears to have remained in its possession till far on
into the I3th century." Then, by some unknown
means, the rectory was acquired by Bishop Roger
Meuland about 1290 and transferred to the cathedral
of Lichfield, becoming the portion of one of the pre-
bendaries, who took his title from it.14 William
Burnell died possessed of the prebend of Flixton in
I3O3,15 but nothing is stated as to any appropriation
in the Taxation of Pope Nicholas in 1291, when the
annual value was returned as £4 13*. 4^.18 The
prebendaries, who leased out the tithes, &c.,17 ap-
pointed a resident curate, this system continuing until
the patronage was about 1860 transferred to the
Bishop of Manchester, as representing the Bishop of
Lichfield, who had collated to the rectory-prebend.18
The incumbents are styled rectors, and have the tithe
rent-charge and glebe.19 The value of the ninth of
the wool, &c., in 1341 was £4.*° In 1534 the
prebend was valued at £j or j£io." The Common-
wealth surveyors in 1650 found that the farmer of
the tithes, Peter Egerton of Shaw, had assigned a
house to the curate, worth £20 a year, and also, by
order of the Committee of Plundered Ministers, paid
him the £16 rent due to the prebendary.82 Bishop
Gastrell, about 1717, recorded that the lessee paid
the curate £30 a year, and surplice fees and other
dues amounted to ^4 more.23 The present income
is .£300 with a house."

The following have been curates *5 and rectors :—
oc. 1541 Nicholas Smith K

oc. 1547
oc. 1552-4

Ralph Birch"
Edward Smith l8

9 In 1558 Leonard Asshawe left money
in his will for the purchase of bells for
the church. His intention seems to have
been carried out and the bells recast in
1624 at the expense of Peter Egerton of
Shaw.

10 Manch. Guard. Local N. and Q. no.
1095, 1108.

11 Lawson, Flixton, 24, 43 ; the accounts
for 1708 and 1724 are printed in full.
Copious extracts will be found also in
Langton, Flixton, 53-71. For briefs, p.
24; and for the constables' accounts, see
Lawson, op. cit. 64. The register for
1688-9 is printed in Pal. Note Bk. iii, 28.

12 Documents relating to it are printed
in the Dep. Keeper" t Rep. xxxv, App. 35 ;
and ibid, xxxvi, App. 200 ; also in Farrer,
Lanes. Pipe R. 350-5. From these it
appears that Robert son of Henry de
Lathom granted the church of Flixton
and its appurtenances to the priory about
1189. A little later Roger son of Henry
and Henry son of Bernard granted the
church in pure alms to Henry the Clerk,
*on of Richard, for his life. This presen-
tation appears to have been opposed by
the canons, but by a local inquiry it was
found that Henry son of Siward had last
presented in the time of peace, and that
Roger and Henry were his heirs. Henry
the Clerk, of the Tarbock family, about
1230 resigned all his claim to the prior
and canons, receiving a pension of 2 marks,
payable by Master Andrew the physician,
the rector.

13 Flixton Church was included in
•charters of confirmation received from
William, Bishop of Lichfield, in 1216 ;
and from his successor Alexander in 1232,
the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield and

the Prior and Convent of Coventry as-
senting ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxv, loc. cit.

Robert de Hulton released his claim to
the patronage, but in 1269 the Prior of
Burscough asserted his right to the patron-
age against Jordan de Hulton ; Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xxxvi, loc. cit. ; Curia Regis
R. 194, m. 36 ; 196, m. 10 ; 215, m. 5.

Few names of the earlier rectors are
known. Master Andrew is named in the
last note. In 1246 William, rector of
Flixton, claimed Gilbert de Nutchil and
Adam the Earl as his ' natives," but did not
appear in court ; Assize R. 404, m. 7.
Adam the Earl (comes] attested several
Barton Charters.

14 Le Neve, Fasti (ed. Hardy), i, 602.
The most notable name in the list of pre-
bendaries which is given is that of William
de Wykeham, afterwards Bishop of Win-
chester, who exchanged this stall for other
preferment in 1361.

In 1387 the king claimed the right of
presentation to the church of Flixton,
then vacant. This probably refers to the
• prebend; William Boule was the defendant
while William de Borel is given as preben-
dary by Le Neve ; Coram Rege R. Hil.
10 Ric. II, pt. ii, m. z d.

15 Le Neve, Fasti.

16 Pope Nick. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 249.
V See Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,

312, 513. Sometimes the right to nomi-
nate a curate was included in the lease.

18 'In 1756 the nomination of the in-
cumbent was claimed by the Warden and
Fellows of Manchester, but without suffi-
cient title ' ; Raines, in Notitia Cestr.
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 56.

19 In 1863 the benefice was endowed
with the tithe rent-charge formerly pertain-

44

ing to the prebend of Offley with Flixton in
Lichfield Cathedral ; and three years later
it was declared a rectory ; Land. Gae.
20 Nov. 1863 ; 3 April 1866.

20 Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39. Flixton
answered for 53*. 4</. and Urmston for
z6s. %J.

21 Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), iii, 132 ; v,
226.

32 Commonwealth Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 16. The commis-
sioners approved of the situation of the
church ' about the middle of the parish,
very convenient for the parishioners to
resort unto.' The tithes were worth about
£42 a year ; and those of Urmston about
£27. Peter Egerton had secured a lease for
three lives from the late Stockett Lutwich,
prebendary. See also Plund. Mins. Accts.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 37, 63, 87.

23 Notitia Cestr. ii, 5 5 ; the total value
of the prebend seems to have been £65 a
year. In 1673 the church had three
wardens and three assistants.

24 Manch. Dioc. Dir. In 1833 the en-
dowment was stated to be £600 private
benefaction, ,£200 royal bounty, and
£1,400 Parliamentary grant.

25 John del Wood of Flixton, chaplain,
occurs in 1367 ; P.R.O. Anct. D. C. 1 196.

26 Clergy List (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 13 ; he was paid by Mr.
Nicholas Darington, the prebendary.

2? Visit. List of 1 548 in the Chester
Dioc. Registry. Birch's name is erased,
and 'Edward Smith, curate,' inserted.
This may have been done in preparation
for the next visitation.

28 Ibid. 1554; also Ch. Gds. 1552
(Chet. Soc.), 10, and Piccope, Will*
(Chet. Soc.), iii, 57.

SALFORD HUNDRED

FLIXTON

00.1563 Robert Radcliffe I9

1565 Richard Smith so
oc. 1588 Nicholas Higson "
oc. 1604 William Hodgkinson"
c. 1 6 1 o — Jones 33
oc. 1613 George Byrom"
oc. 1622 Edward Woolmer,35 B.A. (Oriel
College, and All Souls, Ox-
ford)

1660 Thomas Ellison M
oc. 1663 — Barrett"
oc. 1664, 1691 John Isherwood, B.A.W
oc. 1709 Edward Sedgwick*9
1723 John Jones, M.A.40
1752 Samuel Bardsley, B.A.*1
1756 Humphrey Owen, B.A." (St.

John's College, Oxford)
1764 Timothy Lowten, M.A.48 (St.

John's College, Cambridge)
1771 Thomas Beeley "
1807 Samuel Stephenson, M.A.
(Trinity College, Cam-
bridge)
1816 Henry Burdett Worthington,46

M.A.

1823 William Asteley Cave Brown
Cave,46 M.A. (Brasenose Col-
lege, Oxford) 47

1842 Arthur Thomas Gregory,43 B.A.
(Lincoln College, Oxford)

RECTORS

1863 Charles Barton,49 B.A. (Dublin)
1873 Richard Marsden Reece,50 B.A.
(St. John's College, Cambridge)
1906 Arthur William Smith

The ecclesiastical history calls for little comment.
There were no chantries, and the curate appears to
have been the only resident ecclesiastic. At the
Reformation the prebendaries of Flixton were con-
formists," but the curates seem to have changed with
each visitation. The church was fairly well provided
with 'ornaments' as late as 1552."

In 1592 the only charges against the curate and
wardens were that no collectors for the poor were
appointed and that the \^d. fine for not attending
church was not levied.53 In 1641 the curate reported
that there were no * delinquents ' in the parish, the
people ' being all protestants and no papist ' among
them.64 The curate in 1680 was suspended for three
years for refusing to read the prayer for the queen,
the Duke of York, and the royal family."

Land for a schoolhouse was leased in 1643, but

the school seems to have been built in 1662 upon a

patch of land by the roadside." It was sold in 1 86 1 .M

Each of the townships in the parish

CHARITIES has some small charitable endowment,

the total income being £li ii/. 8</.,

of which £7 1 5/. zd. is for the poor. A few old

benefactions have been lost.69

89 Visit. List, 1 563. A Robert Radcliffe
was made subdeacon at Bishop Scott's last
ordination, 1558; Ordin. Bk. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 113.

80 Visit. List, 1565; T. Jerman, the
prebendary, is duly given as rector.

81 Buried at Flixton 9 July 1588 ; Reg.
sa Buried 12 Feb. 1603-4.

88 Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 12;
he was ' a preacher.' Possibly the John
Jones who about this time was made
vicar of Eccles.

84 From a list prepared by the late Mr.
Earwaker.

84 He was 'lecturer' at Flixton in
1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 66 ; curate in 1634-6 ; ibid. 95. He
took the Parliamentary and Presbyterian
side, and signed the ' Harmonious Con-
sent' of 1648. In 1647 he was accused
of celebrating ' clandestine marriages' —
i.e. possibly according to the Prayer Book
form ; Mane A. Classis (Chet. Soc.), i, 79.
About the same time the churchwardens
were ordered to remove the font; ibid, i, 46.
Woolmer was described as 'an able and
godly minister' in 1650; Commonwealth
Ch. Sur-v. 17. He remained in charge
till his death, just before the Restoration,
being buried 8 May 1660.

86 Manch. Classis, iii, 342-7 ; after-
wards rector of Ashton under Lyne.

W Named by Baines.

88 He signed the registers as minister
in 1664. He was 'conformable* in
1689 ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,
229. He appears in the Visitation List
1691. He was buried at Eccles as 'late
minister of Flixton,' 8 May 1715.

89 Buried at Flixton, Oct. 1722 ; see
also Noritia Cestr. ii, j6n. One of these
names was of Jesus College, Cambridge ;
B.A. 1685.

40 He died 8 Sept. 1751, having been
more than twenty-eight years the ' faith-
ful and diligent pastor ' of the place ;

M.I. The Church Papers at Chester
begin with him.

41 Probably the Samuel Bardsley of
University College, Oxford, B.A. 1 748 ;
Foster, Alumni.

42 Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxii, 102.
Also rector of St. Mary's, Manchester,
1756-89 ; died 1790.

48 Scott, Admissions St. John's C. iii, 1 50.
He graduated as second wrangler in 1761,
and afterwards settled in America; Baines,
Lanes, (ed. Croston), iii, 308. ' There
appears to have been some difference of
opinion between Mr. Lowten and some
of the parishioners, according to an un-
dated copy of a document I have seen, and
which appears to be a petition . . . that as
Mr. Lowten, to end the matter, was
willing to resign, Mr. Beeley might be his
successor. Mr. Lowten was evidently the
possessor of a large amount of land in
Davyhulme, as £ i ,070 was yielded from the
sale of it in 1769' ; R. Lawson, Flixton, 20.

44 Died 25 Feb. 1807, aged 69 ; M.I.
Probably the Thomas Beeley of Stock-
port, who matriculated at Oxford (Trinity
College) in 1760, aged 21, but did not
graduate ; Foster, Alumni. For notice
of John Sudlow, curate about 1794, see
R. Lawson, 20.

4i Became vicar of Grinton, Yorkshire,
in 1822.

48 Son of Sir William Cave, ninth
baronet ; born 1799.

4? Educated at Brasenose College, Ox-
ford; M.A. 1824; rector of Stretton en
le Field, Derbyshire, 1843 ; died 1862.

48 Exchanged Flixton for the rectory of
Trusham, Devon.

49 Previously incumbent of Brom-
borough, 1850 ; and rector of Trusham
1860. Exchanged for Cheselbourne, Dor-
set, in 1873.

60 Rector of Cheselbourne, 1872. In-
hibited 17 June 1884, the church being
served by curates in charge.

45

81 They were Nicholas Darington
1530-53 (?), and Thomas German 1553-
68 ; Le Neve.

sa Ch.Gdt. (Chet. Soc.), 9, 10. There
were two bells in 1552 ; the number was
afterwards doubled, two of the bells bear-
ing date 1624 and 1633 ; ibid. ii.

83 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiii, 63.
A piper and his host were censured for
playing in a house at evensong on a holi-
day and giving the sworn man ' bad
words.'

54 R. Lawson, op. cit. 149.

65 Ibid, quoting ' Raines MS.'

*7 Lawson, Flixton 48 ; Gastrell,
Noticia, ii, 57. James Birch was licensed
as the master in 1684 ; Stratford's Visit.
List.

68 Endowed Charities Rep. Flixton, 1900,
p. 5.

59 An official inquiry was made in Dec.
1899 ; the report, issued the following
year, includes a reprint of the report of
1826. The following is a summary : —

For Flixton Peter Warburton in 1769
left £60, half for the schoolmaster and
half for the poor. This was laid out on
the workhouse at Flixton, and in 1826
the overseers paid £3 as interest, £1 los.
going to the poor. On the sale of the
workhouse in 1861 the guardians paid
,£60 to the official trustees ; the interest,
now only 351. %d.t is paid to the national
school. The workhouse building still
exists in 'Moorside Road. Three other
benefactions of £10 each, made at the
end of the I7th century, were lost by
1807; and £30 for the school by John
Wood in 1779 was lost in 1815 in law
expenses.

Peter Gregory, before 1786, left £10
for bread for the Urmston poor; land, now
called Manchet Field, was purchased with
it, and in 1828 the rent of £2 a year was
distributed according to the benefactor's
wishes under the superintendence of the

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

FLIXTON

Flixton, c. 1200.

The township of Flixton measures about 2^ miles
from east to west, with an average breadth of nearly
i^ miles. Its area is 1,564^ acres.60 The general
slope of the surface is from the north and east towards
the opposite boundaries, the Mersey and Irwell, but
nowhere is a greater height than 65 ft. above sea-level
attained. The village and church lie near the centre
of the southern boundary, with Shaw in the south-
eastern corner. The population in 1 901 was

3,656.61

The principal road is that from Irlam — where
formerly there was a ferry over the Irwell, as now
over the ship canal — to Urmston and Stretford.
From that road another runs southward to the church
and then to the side of the Mersey ; there is a bridge
over the river at Carrington.6* From the church a
second road runs east to join the former one at Urms-
ton. The Cheshire Lines Committee's railway from
Manchester to Liverpool crosses the township diagon-
ally, and has a station at Flixton, opened in I873.6*
The Manchester Ship Canal passes along the western
border, between large embankments, and has recently
been adopted as the boundary of the township.64 It
should be observed that as the Mersey's course has
varied from time to time, its stream as at present is not
everywhere the exact boundary of the township and
county. The land by the river on the south is called
the Eea. In the south-west corner the land was
assigned partly to Irlam and partly to Flixton.

The annual wake was held on the Sunday next

after St. Michael's Day ; it was noted for eel
pies.65

The government of the place since 1894 has been
in the hands of a parish council.

A company of the 1st Volunteer Battalion Man-
chester Regiment, formed in 1872, practises at the
drill hall.

Thomas Wood, a Methodist minister and writer,
was born at Flixton in 1761 ,66

The well between Shaw Hall and Shawtown is.
never known to fail.67

Thralam, Cawdoe, and other field-names are re-
corded in a deed of i6^g.69

A stone celt was found in 1846 near Shaw Hall.69

The stocks in the village were taken down about
1823."

The land in the township was formerly to a great
extent in the hands of yeomen," who also were hand-
loom weavers.73

Throwing at cocks on Shrove Tuesday, pace-egging
at Easter, and other customs, were practised.74

The place first appears in the records
MANORS as contributing a mark to the aid on the
vills and men of the honour of Lancaster
in 1176-7."

From surveys of 1212 and 1226 it appears that t.t
that time, and probably for a century before, FLIX-
TON was held in moieties, one half belonging to the
demesne of the Crown, the other to the barony of
Manchester.76 The former or Salford moiety was
granted with Ordsall to David de Hulton,77 and passed
to two branches of the Radcliffe family — of Ordsall and
of Smithills,78 descending with these estates till the

minister of the parish and the churchwar-
den for Urmston. In 1870 a portion was
sold to the railway company in considera-
tion of a rent-charge of £1 151., and the
remainder produces £4 a year. A month-
ly distribution of bread is made at the
church ; attendance at the service is not
required, but the recipients are supposed
to be members of the Established Church.
The balance is distributed at Christmas.
A later bequest for the same purpose
had been lost before 1826. David Higgin-
son in 1854 left £250 in augmentation of
this charity ; only about £40 was realized,
which was paid in 1890 to the minister
and churchwardens of Urmston, but
nothing had been done with it up to 1899,
as it was thought that no further distribu-
tion of bread was required.

Richard Newton in 1800 left ^100 to-
wards the education of ten poor children
of Urmston ; the capital is now represented
by £107 consols, and the income,
£2 i8j. 8</., is paid to the Urmston
National School. Some other bequests
for education have been lost. A charge
of 201. for this purpose, recognized by the
owner of Newcroft in 1826, was repudi-
ated after the sale of the Shawtown
school in 1861.

Two other charges on the Newcroft
Estate — zs. 6d. for a sermon and zs. 6d.
for ringing the bells on 5 Nov. — have
also ceased to be recognized.

60 1,458, including 44 of inland water ;
Census Rep. 1901. The changes of boun-
dary made in 1896 resulted in a loss to
the township.

C1 Population Ret.

88 Old Carrington Bridge, pulled down
about 1 840, was a foot bridge, and carts
had to cross by the ford. Another ford —

the Stone ford — was opposite Flizton
Church, and others by Shaw Hall and
Hillam Farm ; Langton, Flixton, in.

63 The station is known as ' the best
laid out on the C.L.C. system ' ; R. Law-
son, Flixton, 135.

64 In 1896 by Local Govt. Bd. Order
34989.

60 Lawson, op. cit. 87-92.

66 Ibid. 114, quoting obituary notice in
Meth. Mag. 1826 ; Local Gleanings Lanes,
and Ches. i, 235. Robert Costerdine,
1726—1812, was another; Preston Guardian,
quoting Meth. Mag. 1814.

67 Lawson, op. cit. 58 ; Langton, Flix-
ton, 91.

68 Local Gleanings Lanes, and Cbes. ii, 3 ;
see also Langton, Flixton, 104-5, f°r a
full list.

69 Arch. Journ. vii, 389.

71 Langton, op. cit. 99 ; the scold's
bridle was also in use.

78 For list of landowners and tenants in
1818 see ibid. 142, &c.

78 Lawson, op. cit. 96.

74 Ibid. 83 ; Langton, op. cit. 95, &c.

75 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 34. This no
doubt refers to the Salford moiety. See
also 151, 202.

78 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 57, 138.

77 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland),
347. The old farm of this moiety of
Flixton had been raised by zs. 6d. about
1199, Lanes. Pipe R. 131, 148. In 1226
it produced los. ; the Hultons held it
with Ordsall as the sixth part of a knight's
fee ; Inq. and Extents, i, 138, 312. Agnes
widow of David de Hulton in 1292 had
dower in Flixton ; Assize R. 408, m. 92 d.
Some Hulton disputes are noted below in
the account of the Valentine family. In

1335 Richard de Hulton of Ordsall granted
a piece of waste in Flixton to Thomas
son of Adam de Hulme ; De Traffbrd D.
no. 295, endorsed 'Hulme demesne.'

The tenure is stated variously at dif-
ferent times. In 1346 John de Radcliffe
held a moiety of Flixton in socage, pay-
ing a rent of zos., and double rent as
relief; Add. MS. 32103, foL 1466.
Richard son of John de Radcliffe in 1369
claimed the moiety of the manor of Flix-
ton (except 20 acres and the moiety of
the mill) against Ralph son of William de
Radcliffe, under a grant of Richard de
Hulton of Ordsall to John son of Richard
de Radcliffe ; De Banco R. 435, m. 63.

78 Richard de Radcliffe, who died in
1380, held three parts of the moiety of
Flixton by knight's service and a rent of
IDS. ; it contained six messuages and 80
acres of arable land, worth u. an acre
yearly ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 8.

Sibyl widow of Richard, afterwards
wife of Sir Roger de Fulthorp, held as
dower ten messuages, 100 acres of land,
&c., in Flixton, by knight's service and
the rent of 171. 6d. ; Chan. Inq. p.m.
1 6 Ric. II, no. 15 ; also Dtp. Keeper's Rep..
xl, App. 528. (Sibyl's husband is called
Ralph de Radcliffe in Fine R. 192, m. 1 1.)

Sir John de Radcliffe died in 1422
holding a moiety of Flixton of the king
as duke by the service of ioj. ; Lanes. Inq.
(ut sup.), i, 148. A settlement of the
Ordsall moiety of Flixton was made in
1431 by Sir John de Radcliffe and Joan
his wife, upon his son Alexander and
Agnes his wife ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 96. John Rad-
cliffe in 1442 held the moiety of the
manor of Flixton of the king as duke in
socage, by a rent of 101. ; its clear value

SALFORD HUNDRED

FLIXTON

century, when the Radcliffe of Ordsall moiety
was sold to the Asshaws of Shaw 79 and the RadclifFe
of Smithills moiety, which had in the meantime
descended to the Bartons and their heirs, was sold to
a number of proprietors.80 In 1779 a total rent of
2O/. was paid to the duchy by — Greatrix (13*. 9</.)
and a number of others.81

The Manchester moiety, which included the church,
was granted as one plough-land by Albert Grelley
senior to Henry son of Siward, to be held by the
yearly service of io/.82 It did not, however, descend
like Lathom, having become parted among younger
branches of the family, so that about 1200 Roger son
of Henry and Henry son of Bernard were in possession
* by hereditary right.' ffl The descent is obscure, but
the whole seems to have been acquired by the Hulton
family,84 who held the other moiety. After the partition

of their estates about 1330 one half, called SHAW,
was held by the Hultons of Farnworth, and of them
by the Valentines,85 while the other half was divided
between the two RadclifFe families, like the Salford
moiety, and was in like manner disposed of in the
1 7th century.86

Thus about 1500 the manor of Flixton was held in
a number of fractions, viz., the Salford moiety by
RadclifFe of Ordsall and RadclifFe (or Barton) of
Smithills ; and the Manchester moiety as to two-
fourths by the same families, and as to the other half
by Valentine, of Hulton of Farnworth as mesne
tenant.87

The Valentine family appear early in the I 3th cen-
tury.88 In 1292 William Valentine secured from
Richard de Urmston and Siegrith his wife the third
part of two messuages and two oxgangs in Flixton ; 89

was IOCM. ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1480.
William Radcliffe held it in like manner
in 1498 ; Lanes. Inq. (ut sup.), ii, 124.
Sir Alexander Radcliffe in 1549 held it
by knight's service and a rent of ioi. ; his
son, Sir William, in 1568, held it by the
sixth part of a fee and IQJ. ; and this is
the statement in later inquisitions ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 26 ; xiii, 33 ; xv,
45 ; xvii, 35. From the above it would
seem that the Ordsall family's holding was
at some time divided, half being given to
the Smithills family, the rent payable
being reduced from 201. to lew.

William son of William de RadclifFe
was plaintiff in 1 368 respecting the moiety
of Flixton and lands in Blackburn ; De
Banco R. 431, m. 408 d. Sir Ralph de
Radcliffe claimed a moiety of Flixton in
1401 ; Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 530.
Ralph Radcliffe of Smithills, who died in
1485, held lands in Flixton of the king
by knight's service ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, 97. On the other hand the tene-
ment of his heir, John Barton, in Flixton
was in 1517 said to be held of the lord of
Manchester; ibid, iv, no. 82. The later
Barton inquisitions state that the moiety
of the manor of Flixton was held of the
Duchy by the sixth part of a knight's fee
and the rent of IQJ., the same as for the
Ordsall part ; ibid, ix, no. 27, &c. Among
the Duchy rents paid to Queen Elizabeth
occurs • Richard Barton for half of Flix-
ton, ID*.' ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. Croston),
i, 447. A similar finding was recorded in
1612 after the death of John Barton ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 211.

See also Lanes, and Cbes. Recs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 323, 325, 327.

'9 In 1 608 Leonard Asshaw purchased
from Sir John Radcliffe the manor of
Flixton, with messuages, dovecote, lands,
&c., in Flixton and Shaw, and free fishings
in the Mersey and Irwell ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 71, no. 26. From the in-
quisition quoted later it would seem that
this included only the Manchester manor,
but nothing further is known of the Ordsall
holding.

80 In an account of Flixton by Dr.
Leech (Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Soc. iv,
187) it is stated that the Bartons' estate
' seems to have been settled on Henry
Bellasys and his wife Grace [Barton],
but the greater part was sold off before the
death of Thomas Barton [her father],
One of the deeds in the possession of Mr.
Royle of Flixton . . . sets forth that in
consideration of ,£240 Thomas, Lord Fau-
conbridge, Sir Thomas Barton, Henry Bel-
lasys, and Grace his wife conveyed to John

Hyde of Urmston certain lands in Flixton
in the occupation of tenants named Platt,
Wright, and Harper. This sale took place
in 1628 ; and a second deed shows that in
the following year a portion of land was
conveyed by John Hyde to one John
Harper, a shoemaker.' A further sale
took place in 1631, the purchaser being
Thomas Walkden ; Loc. Gleanings Lanes,
and Cbes. ii, 45. The manor of Flixton
was included in Barton settlements of
1615 and 1627, but does not occur later;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdles. 88, no. 34 ;
in, no. 24.

81 Duchy of Lane. Rentals, bdle. 14, no.
25 m.

88 Inq. and Extents, i, 57. Albert Grelley
died about 1162. The 'heir' of Henry
son of Siward, who held in 1212, is not
named, but the manor seems to have been
given to the Parbold branch of the Lathom
family.

88 Lanes. Pipe R. 353, 355. These
deeds concern the church, but the manor
no doubt descended in the same way.

In 121 2 William de Flixton was de-
fendant against Henry son of Bernard in
a plea of land, but there was no trial as
Henry did not appear ; Curia Regis R.
56, m. 15.

84 It must have been this moiety which
wasini255 held by Jordan de Hulton, when
he assigned dower in seven oxgangs and i 5
acres of land in Flixton to Amiria, widow
of Robert de Hulton ; Final Cone. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 150. Richard
son of David de Hulton in 1292 success-
fully defended his title to the manor of
Flixton — probably the Manchester moiety
— against Henry Whythoud of Coppull,
Almarica his wife, William de Anderton,
Almarica his wife, and others ; Assize R.
408, m. 48 d.

A rent from Flixton is named in the
inquisition after the death of William
Hulton of Farnworth in 1557 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m., x, no. 32.

85 See the account of the Valentines
later ; the mesne lordship of the Hultons
of Farnworth was often ignored. In 1 320
Richard de Hulton and Richard Valentine
held a moiety of Flixton in serjeanty, ren-
dering iSd. for sake fee and puture of
the Serjeants ; and Richard de Hulton
[? alone] rendered IQS. and puture for a
moiety of Flixton ; Mamecestre (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 289. The word 'moiety' may
refer to the whole of the Manchester part
of Flixton, or to two parts of it held by
different services. The total rent was
us. 6d. The sake fee for the moiety of
Flixton occurs about 1300 j Inq. and Ex-
tents, i, 301.

47

86 In the above cited inquisition after
the death of Sir Richard de Radcliffe in
1380 he was found to have held a fourth
part of a moiety of Flixton of John La
Warre, lord of Manchester, by knight's
service and the rent of zod. a year ; in
this part, as in the other part he held,
there were six messuages and 80 acres of
arable land, each worth is. a year. It is
mentioned once again as ' a messuage in
Flixton,' in 1569, after the death of Sir
William Radcliffe ; it was held of Lord
La Warre in socage by a rent of zod. ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiii, no. 33.

Ralph Barton of Smithills was in 1593
recorded to have paid zod. to the lord of
Manchester for a 4 moiety ' of Flixton ;
Maneb. Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 69.

87 The Manchester moiety was thus de-
scribed in 1473 : Thomas Valentine, half,
by a rent of 8s. zd. and puture ; Ralph
Radcliffe, a quarter, by zod., and Alex-
ander Radcliffe of Ordsall, a quarter, by
zod. ; in all, in. 6d.t the same total as
that in 1320 above recorded ; Mamecestre,
iii, 479. The division as thus described
has been followed in the text, but as the
rent for one oxgang was ie,d. it would
appear that the Radcliffes had one ox-
gang each and Valentine six, i.e. perhaps
the original moiety together with two
oxgangs acquired in 1292. The sake fee
seems to have been divided thus : 5 d., £</.,
and 8d.

88 William le Valentine attested a Bar-
ton deed in 1222; De Trafford D. no.
250. In 1261 William Valentine of
Flixton, in a suit against Jordan de Hul-
ton in a plea of land, made William his
son his attorney ; Curia Regis R. 171, m.
84 d. Somewhat later William son of
Valentine de Flixton attested another
Barton deed ; De Trafford D. no. 206.

In 1278 Richard de Urmston convicted
Jordan de Hulton and William son of
William son of Valentine de Flixton of
levying a ditch in Urmston to the hurt
of his free tenement, the passage of his
cattle being impeded; Assize R. 1238,
m. 33. The defence was that it was in
Flixton. Six years later in another suit
in which the same plaintiffs and defen-
dants occur Richard the brother of Wil-
liam Valentine was among the latter ;
Assize R. 1265, m. 5 d.

89 Final Cone, i, 1 74. Richard and Sieg-
rith also in 1292 recovered two parts of
two messuages and two oxgangs against
Richard de Hulton and Thomas the Pro-
vost ; Assize R. 408, m. 30 d. In the
preceding year there had been suits between
William Valentine on the one side and
Richard de Urmston and Siegrith his wife,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and in 1 308 Richard Valentine obtained from William
Valentine an acknowledgement of his title to certain
messuages and lands in Flixton, which William was to
hold for life.90 Richard Valentine was a tenant in
I320,91 and Richard and Robert his son were among
the defendant landholders of Flixton in I338.92

Richard de Langley and Joan his wife at Pentecost
1352 claimed the wardship of John son and heir of
Robert Valentine, against Thomas del Booth and
John son of Robert de Worsley, on the ground that
Robert had held a messuage and 80 acres in Flixton
of Joan La Warre in socage, and Joan the plaintiff
was next of kin to the heir on his mother's side, * to
whom the inheritance could not descend.' The heir
had already been married to a Worsley, and the
plaintiffs' claim being upheld damages were awarded
to them.93 If this refers to the main line of the
family the heir must have died shortly afterwards, for
in 1355 William son of John de Hulton successfully
claimed the rent due from John son of Richard
Valentine and heir of his ' ancestor ' Robert Valentine,
for lands in Flixton held of the plaintiff, who in turn
held of the lord of Manchester in socage by a rent of
8s. a year. Plaintiff and defendant were both minors
and had been taken into ward by the Lady La Warre,
on the allegation that they held by knight's service,
and the wardship of John Valentine had been granted
by her to William son of Robert de Worsley.94

John Valentine died in 1395-6 holding land called
the Shaw in Flixton, and leaving as heir his grandson
John son of Richard Valentine, fourteen years of
age.95

Nearly eighty years later Thomas Valentine held a
moiety of the Manchester part of Flixton of Lord La
Warre in socage by a rent of 8/. 2</., giving puture
of one serjeant and doing suit
to the court of Manchester.96
In 1476 John son and heir
apparent of Thomas Valentine,
on his marriage with Joan,
apparently a daughter of Wil-
liam Holland of Clifton, made
a settlement of the estate in
Flixton granted him by his
father.97 Joan the daughter
and eventual heiress of John
Valentine is stated to have
married Lawrence Asshaw of
Shaw ; she had no children
by him, but made him a grant
of her lands, which he in turn bequeathed to his
nephew Leonard, a younger son of Roger Asshaw
or Ashall of Hall on the Hill in Charnock.98

The younger Leonard died on 31 December 1594
holding the manors of Astley and Shaw, and various
lands in Flixton, Tyldesley, Worsley, Hulton, Barton,

ASSHAW. Argent on
a che-veron between three
martlets vert at many
crosses formy Jitchy of the
field.

and Richard de Hulton and others ; Assize
R. 1294, m. 8.

In 1290 Richard de Urmston and Sieg-
rith his wife had claimed a third of two
oxgangs against William son of William
de Flixton — no doubt Valentine ; Coram
Rege R. 122, m. 9.

Richard son of David de Hulton in
1292 was non-suited in a claim respect-
ing a tenement in Flixton against William
Valentine, William Valentine, and Rich-
ard son of William Valentine ; Assize R.
408, m. 32 d., 21. On the other hand
William Valentine also was non-suited in
a claim against Richard de Hulton and
Thomas de Urmston for throwing down a
dyke in Flixton, &c. ; ibid. m. 32 d.

A fine in 1303 between Richard de
Hulton and William Pyke of Flixton and
Alice his wife may refer to the Valentine
holding ; Final Cone, i, 202.

90 Final Cone, ii, i. Richard Valen-
tine, clerk, attested an Irlam deed of about
1310; De Trafford D. no. 263. Later
(in 1351) there is mention of a Joan
wife of John son of Robert de Worsley,
who was sister and heir of a Richard Va-
lentine, who had had lands in Urmston ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. i.

91 Mamecestre, ii, 289. Richard le Valen-
tine contributed to the subsidy of 1332 ;
Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 38.

93 Hugh de Walkden claimed and re-
covered a rent of zos. and robe with hood
(worth 201.) granted him by Richard de
Hulton the elder out of his lands in Flix-
ton. The defendants included the said
Richard and Maud his wife, also Robert
de Legh, Richard de Hulton the younger
and Margaret his wife, John de Radcliffe
the elder (holding half the mill), and Rich-
ard de Radcliffe (holding the other half) ;
Assize R. 1425, m. 3, 3 d.

Six years later Adam de Hulton made
a similar claim against John son of Rich-
ard de Radcliffe, holding a moiety of the
manor, Richard the son of John, William

son of Robert de RadclifFe, Robert Valen-
tine and Agnes his wife, John son of Henry
de Hulton and Alice his wife, and many
others; Assize R. 1435, m. 34 d.; also
m. 39.

The above-named Maud wife of Richard
de Hulton afterwards married Robert de
Legh, and made a number of claims in
1351 and later against the Radcliffes re-
specting the moiety of the manor and the
mill of Flixton ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. I, m. 5 d. ; R. 2, m. i ; R. 4, m. 6 d.,
m. 29. John de Radcliffe, as holding the
estate of Robert son of Roger de Rad-
cliffe, defended by producing a quitclaim
by the Leghs to the said Robert ; ibid. R.
5, m. 25 d. ; see also Dep. Keeper' t Rep.
xxxii, App. 332, 336, 33 8.

The rent of a robe, or 20*., was claimed
again in 1360 by Thomas son of Henry
de Trafford ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 8,
m. 1 3. He had in 1 3 34 claimed 20 marks
rent from Richard de Hulton ; Coram
Rege R. 297, m. 1 1 5 d.

93 Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 2, m. 5 d.
Joan was daughter of Jordan [de Tetlow] ,
brother of Agnes wife of Robert Valen-
tine the father. A ' de ' is here and in
some other cases inserted before Valen-
tine ; usually ' le ' is inserted.

94 Ibid. R.4, m. 13. William de Wors-
ley stated that the service due was 241. a
year, but William de Hulton corrected
this. Damages of 6or. were granted and
a fine of io*. imposed.

95 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 69 ;
the tenure is not stated. John Valentine
attested an Urmston deed in 1445 ; Had.
MS. 21 12, foL 1 60.

96 Mamecestre, ut supra.

97 Vawdrey D. One field was named
the Broadhey.

Another Vawdrey deed is the decision
of the arbitrator in 1508 regarding close*
within the demesne of the Shaw, in con-
sequence of disputes between Joan widow
of Gilbert Langtree and Katherine widow
of John Valentine.

48

From deeds cited in the account of
Bentcliffe in Eccles it appears probable
that Joan Langtree was the widow of the
John Valentine of the text, and Katherine
the widow of his elder son John. The
other son Thomas left two illegitimate
children, one of whom was the ancestor of
the Valentines of Bentcliffe, so that on
Thomas's death about 1550 the Shaw
estate went to his sister or her heirs.

There is a legend of a ' Sir Ralph
Valentine ' who in setting out for Bos-
worth field vowed that he would return
alive or dead. He was slain, and his wife
on receiving his body at Flixton fell down
dead ; R. Lawson, op. cit. 52.

98 Piccope's Wills (Chet. Soc.), i, 81 n,
quoting Harl. MS. 1987, fol. 2, 5. The
will of Lawrence Asshaw ' of the Shaw,'
here printed, dated 4 July 1558, directed
that he should be buried at Flixton, and
that 20 marks should be spent on bells
for the church, and in making a parclose
within it, requiring the parish priest and
parishioners there to pray for the souls of
himself and others ; and that other sums
should be given to the poor of the neigh-
bourhood and expended on the paving of
the highway between the tithe barn and
the church. There are numerous be-
quests, but nothing is said as to the descent
of the manor. Settlements of his estates
had, however, been made in 1521 (when
Joan his wife was joined with him)
and in 1554; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. ii, m. 197 5 bdle. 15, m. 82.

Lawrence Asshaw had before his death
to defend his title to lands in Flixton ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 279.

The feoffees complained that Thomas
Asshaw, nephew of Lawrence, and others
came to the Shaw just before Lawrence's
death and took away a number of deeds,
and afterwards Thomas obtained possession
of the house and demesne lands. One of the
defendants alleged that he took the deeds
at the desire of Joan wife of Lawrence ;
Duchy of Lane. Pleadings, xxxvi, M. 4.

SALFORD HUNDRED

&c. In 1587 he had settled the manor of Shaw and
various lands upon his second son, Lawrence, who,
however, died without issue two years later, and then
a fresh settlement was made in 1591 in favour of the
third son, Leonard, and his heirs male." The eldest
son, Edward, was still living, thirty-four years of age,
in April 1595. Shaw and the lands in Flixton were
stated to be held of George Hulton by fealty and a
rent of 1 6/.100

Leonard, who thus inherited Shaw, died there
12 April 1633, holding the manors of Shaw and
Flixton, with views of frank-
pledge, the former of Tho-
mas Hulton of Farnworth
in socage, and the latter of
Edward Mosley, as of his
manor of Manchester, also
in socage by a rent of 1 8</.
Elizabeth, his daughter and
heir, thirty years of age, was
the wife of Peter, son of Sir
Ralph Egerton of Ridley in
Cheshire.101

Peter Egerton, who thus
became lord of Shaw and
Flixton in right of his wife,
was one of the most pro-
minent men in the county
during the Civil War period.
He was sheriff in l64l.1M
On the outbreak of the war
he embraced the side of the
Parliament, taking part in
the defence of Manchester
in 1642 10S and the sieges of

FLIXTON

Lathom House ; as General Egerton he received the
surrender of this place in December i645.104 He
died in 1656 by the accidental administration of
poison.105

He was succeeded by his son Leonard and grand-
son Peter.106 The family appear to have become im-
poverished, and their lands were gradually sold in the
latter part of the i yth century. Peter Egerton died
in 1712, and his son John sold the Shaw Hall estate
in 1722 to William Latus.107 On the new owner's
death in 1 764 it was advertised for sale.108 It passed

SHAW HALL

99 Leonard Asshaw matriculated at Ox-
ford (Brasenose College) in 1584, being
fifteen years of age ; B.A. 1588 ; Foster,
Alumni.

100 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no.
II j see also M.anch. Court Leet Rec. ii, 91,
121. In the settlement of 1587 Edward the
son and heir was associated with his father ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 49, m. 4.
He was buried at Flixton 4 May 1611.

The Asshaw estates also came to this
family on the death of Lawrence's elder
brother Thomas.

101 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no.
39. As stated above he had purchased
the RadclirFe manor of Flixton in 1608,
but the tenure stated in the inquisition it
that for the quarter of Flixton held of the
lord of Manchester, the rent being i8</.
instead of 2O</. as in 1473. The inquisi-
tion recites a fine, Lent, 8 Jas. I. Jane
the widow was living at Shaw. Peter
Egerton and Elizabeth Asshaw were mar-
ried at Flixton 28 April 1610.

A pedigree was recorded in 1613 ; Visit.
(Chet. Soc.), 6. Leonard Asshaw in 1631
paid £25 fine on refusing knighthood ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 21 5.
His funeral certificate is printed in the
Record Society's volume, p. 198.
^ 1M P.R.O. List, 73.

108 Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 45,
52, 333. Soon afterwards the Parliament
appointed him a magistrate ; ibid. 60. In
1 the following year he was placed on the
committee for sequestering 'delinquents'
estates' ; ibid. 90; and in 1645 on the
military committee; ibid. 210.

104 Ibid. 167, 212; also Lanes. War
(Chet Soc.), 62.

105 He was buried at Flixton 22 May
1656. Henry Newcome states that he
4 used to take flour of brimstone for some
distemper he had ; and he sent the maid
into the closet, and she mingled it with
milk and he drank it, and it proved mer-
cury ; and by this woeful mistake he was
poisoned and died within a few hours ' ;
Autobiog. (Chet. Soc.), i, 79.

108 A settlement was made in 1662 of
the manors of Shaw and Flixton, with
views of frankpledge, free fishery, &c., by
Leonard Egerton, Mary his wife, and
Peter son and heir apparent ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 168, m. 100. A deed of
sale to John Lowe in the same year is
printed in Local Glean. Lanes, and Ches.
1,276.

A pedigree was recorded in 1664 ; Dug-
dale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 102. Leonard's
age is given as forty-seven, Peter's as
twenty-two ; and that of Peter's daughter
Mary as one year.

Leonard Egerton was buried at Flixton
15 Jan. 1679-80; and Mary his widow
2 April 1681. Peter Egerton was buried
26 Mar. 1699. Soon afterwards, 3 Aug.
1699, an annuity of £25 a year was
charged on Shaw Hall in favour of Mary
Egerton, widow, by her son Peter Egerton
and Anne his wife ; Local Glean. Lanes,
and Ches. ii, 3.

107 These particulars are from Dr.
Leech's paper already quoted, 191 ; he
states that the last Peter Egerton was one
of the leading florists of the county.

Peter Egerton was sheriff in 1703 ;
P.R.O. List, 74.

In 1707 Peter Egerton and Anne his
wife made a settlement of the manor of

49

Shaw, and a messuage and lands in Shaw
and Flixton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 258, m. 37.

For the fine accompanying the sale to
William Latus the deforciants were John
Egerton, Anne Egerton, widow, Henry
Leigh, and Thomas Ashton ; and the es-
tate is described as the manor of Shaw,
seven messuages, dovecote, 40 acres of
land, &c., free warren in Shawtown, Flix-
ton, and Urmston, and free fishery in the
Mersey and Irwell ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 289, m. 105. There is a further
deed in Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), iii,
216 (from Roll 7, Geo. I at Preston), re-
citing a mortgage in 1707 and the sale in
1722.

In 1748 the manor of Shaw, with the
free fishery, was held by Peter Leigh and
Elizabeth his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R_
569, m. 9 ; and they conveyed a moiety
to John Girardot of Chaucour, esquire,,
together with a moiety of the prebend or
parsonage of Flixton and the tithes and
oblations belonging thereto ; Pal. of Lane,
Feet of F. bdle. 351, m. 138, 175.

Peter Leigh, of the West Hall, High
Legh family, married a daughter of Wil-
liam Latus of Manchester. He was chief
justice of South Carolina, and his son
Egerton Leigh was made a baronet ia
1773 ; Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby), i, 456.

Some of the Egertons continued to live
at Shaw, for in 1757 widow Egerton of
Shaw Hall married Humphrey Owen, the
curate of Flixton.

los The advertisement from the Man-
chester Mercury is printed in R. Lawson's
Flixton, 53 ; it mentions the capital mes-
suage of Shaw, with the demesne lands,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

through various hands, and was in December 1845
purchased by Colonel George John Miller Ridehalgh
of Fell Foot near Ulverston, and on the death of his
widow became the property of Mr. George Ride-
halgh.109

Shaw Hall lies to the east of the parish church about
a quarter of a mile north of the River Mersey, and
is said to have been built in the reign of James I.
The house, however, has been almost entirely mod-
ernized, and on the outside no ancient features
remain. It is a two-story gabled building the walls
of which are now covered with modern rough-cast
(except at the back, or west side, where they are of
brick), and the roofs with blue slates, and the
general appearance is uninteresting. The gables, of
which the building possesses no less than fifteen, are
rough-cast like the walls, and have either modern
barge boards or copings, and all the windows are late
insertions. A cupola, formerly containing a bell,
which was originally a feature of the building on the
outside, has disappeared.

The house is now divided into two separate dwell-
ings, and contains some of its original fittings, though
tthe plan has been a good deal altered. There is some
jgood oak panelling in two of the lower rooms of the
•south house, but it has been patched with pitchpine,
and painted and varnished. A lower room in the
north house is also panelled in oak, similarly patched,
but painted white. The hall is now divided, but
there is an interesting staircase in the south house
the balusters of which take the form of Tuscan, Ionic,
and Corinthian columns, repeating in threes, with a
thicker Corinthian column as newel. The handrail
is modern. The other house has a good Jacobean
staircase with twisted balusters, square newels, and
original wide handrail.

The chief interest now attaching to the interior of
Shaw Hall, however, lies in two pieces of tapestry in
one of the upper rooms representing scenes from the
life of Alexander, and a painting on the cove of the
hall ceiling representing the wife of Darius kneeling
before Alexander, together with a smaller allegorical
circular painting on the ceiling of what is now the
entrance porch to the north house. The paintings
and tapestry are part of the original furniture of the
house, and are said to be coeval with the building.

There was formerly a good deal of lyth-century
heraldic glass in the windows, but most of this was
taken out when the present sashes were inserted. It
is still preserved, however, in the house, and though
much broken and mutilated could easily be put to-
gether again and replaced.

Some fragments are still in position in the staircase
window in the south house, the two upper lights of

which contain two shields, one bearing the royal
arms of the Stuart sovereigns, encircled by a garter,
and the other being a quartered shield of the arms of
Trafford with the crest of a man and flail. In the
lower lights is a quarry with floral ornamentation and
the words * Asshawe de Shawe,' and another with a
shield of Asshawe with five quarterings. The house
is said formerly to have had a moat, but this had
partially disappeared in 1 847 nu and is now planted
over.

There is a stained-glass window in the church
commemorating Arthur William Whitnal, 'lord of
the manor of Flixton,' who died in 1890.

No courts have been held for a long period. As
in other townships within the barony the constable
of Flixton was in the 1 7th and 1 8th centuries sum-
moned to attend the Court Leet at Manchester, but
no attention was paid to the summons.111

The Booths of Barton also held land in Flixton.1"
The surname Flixton occurs, but was not used by a
local family.118

Flixton House was formerly the residence of Ralph
Wright, who died in 183 1.114 His estate, partly in-
herited and partly purchased, he endeavoured to make
more compact and secluded by the closing and divert-
ing of footpaths. This roused great opposition in the
neighbourhood, ?.nd after several years of expensive
litigation the attempt was defeated.114

The land tax return of 1787 shows that the land
was then much divided ; the largest contributor was
William Allen, who paid about a sixteenth.116

The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel at
Flixton.

URMSTON

Wermeston, 1 1 94 ; Urmeston, 1212; Urmestone,
1302.

This township, measuring about a mile from north
to south and a mile and a half across, has an area of
993 acres.1 The land slopes gently from north to
south, where the Mersey forms the boundary. The
village lies in the centre of the township. The popu-
lation in 1901 numbered 6,594.*

From the village a road leads east to Stretford and
Manchester ; to the west two roads diverge, one to
Irlam, the other to the village of Flixton. The
Cheshire Lines Railway from Manchester to Liverpool
crosses the township, with a station at Urmston,
opened in 1873.

* Tim Bobbin,' the Lancashire dialect writer, whose
true name was John Collier, is said to have been born
here, but is more closely associated with Milnrow in
Rochdale.1

.•also messuages, chief rents, tithes, &c., in
Flixton 5 the yearly value was ,£500, sub-
ject to a deduction of £48 21. out of the

. tithes.

In 1768 the manor of Shaw, with mes-

• suages, malthouse, dovecotes, lands, and
appurtenances was sold by Lucy Latus,

: spinster, to John Salmon ; Pal. of Lane.

. Feet of F. bdle. 380, m. 47.

lu9 Information of Messrs. Taylor,
Kirkman & Co., Manchester, solicitors

-of Mr. Ridehalgh. It was in 1836 the
property of Miss Warburton ; Baines,

.Lanes, (nt ed.). See also R. Lawson, loc.

•ck.

110 Raines, notes to Gastrell's Notitia.

111 Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. iv, 148, &c.
The latest instance is in 1733 (vii, 25).

iia The tenure is not stated ; see the
inquisitions of John Booth of Barton,
Katherine Booth, and John Molyneux ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, 8 ; xiv, 13;
xvii, 24. Margery Barton in 1581
claimed lands in Flixton against Ralph
Barton and others } Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), iii, 91, 107.

Jane widow of Richard Eltorhead
claimed dower in Shaw, Hulton, and Tyl-
desley in 1591 ; ibid, iii, 500.

118 Agnes widow of German de Flixton
was a plaintiff in 1246 ; Assize R. 404,
m. 7. The Valentines seem occasionally

50

to have been known as 'de Flixton,' but
this use did not continue.

114 The mural tablet in the church states
that his life was one of ' unwearied exer-
tion and usefulness and devoted attach-
ment to his church, his king, and his
country.' The Wright mausoleum is the
most conspicuous object in the churchyard.
See also Langton, Flixton, 20, for this
family.

115 A. Prentice, Recollections of Manch.
290-3; the cases lasted from 182410 1827.

116 Returns at Preston.

1 992, including 10 of inland water ;
Census Rep. 1901.

2 Pop. Ret. » Diet. Nat. Eiog.

SALFORD HUNDRED

FLIXTON

Urmston is governed by an Urban District Council
formed in 1894 ; there are twelve members.4

The cemetery was formed in 1892. The Man-
chester Jews have three separate cemeteries — for the
Spanish and Portuguese synagogue, the New syna-
gogue, and the Polish Jews.

The field- names* include Hillam, Barrowfield, Blake-
well Meadow, Twinose, Treeley, Rant, and Woefield.6
The manor of URMSTON was origi-
M4NORS nally part of the Marsey fee, and held of
the lord as one plough-land by a family using
the local surname. It was held by the eighth part of a
knight's fee, rents of 8/. and zt. being paid for castle
ward and sake fee.7 The earliest known holder of it
is Richard de Urmston, who in 1193-4 gave 40*. for
having the king's good will after the rebellion of John
Count of Mortain.8 Adam de Urmston held it in
I2I2.9 After this there is a period of uncertainty. The
superior lordship was acquired by the.Trafford family,10

who continued to hold it, at least nominally, down to
the 1 6th century, though their mesne tenancy is often
ignored.11 The Urmston family and the lordship also
appear to have been divided," one branch settling in
Westleigh.13 In 1305 Adam de Urmston conferred
all his lands in Urmston, together with the lordship
of the whole town, upon Gilbert de Ashton.14 The
latter had several daughters, and Urmston became the
portion of Hawise wife of Henry son of John de
TrafFord. Her heir was again a daughter, Aline, who-
married Ralph son of John de Hyde of Hyde in.
Cheshire.15 In this family and its descendants the
manor continued till the 1 8th century.

From a suit of 1 3 1 7, in which Isabel widow of
Adam de Urmston claimed dower, it appears that the
land was then divided thus : Gilbert de Ashton held
3 oxgangs ; Richard, son of Adam de Urmston, 3 ;
and William son of William the Serjeant, I ; leaving
an oxgang not accounted for.16 The manor, however,

4 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order.

6 A list is given in R. Lawson, Flixton,

122.

6 The following occur in a deed of
1300: Woodfalls, WhiterirFos, Welcome
Ridding, Merulache, Stilley, Omerland,
Simond Ridding, Hillum Carr, Merebutts.

7 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71.

8 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 77.

9 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, loc. cit.

10 Jordan de Worsley granted to Geof-
frey son of Henry de Trafford all the lands
which he had had by the gift of Adam de
Urmston, and the reversion of the dower
of Adam's widow, Isabel ; De TrafFord
D. no. 292. In 1305 Jordan had, as
creditor for £10, claimed the minor of
Urmston against Adam de Urmston, Isabel
his wife, Gilbert de Ashton, his children,
and others, except four messuages, 4
oxgangs and 60 acres of land, and the
moiety of a mill ; Assize R. 420, m. i, 7.

11 Sir Edmund TrafFord in 1445-6 held
3 oxgangs of land in Urmston and the
heir of GeofFrey de Urmston 5 oxgangs,
for the eighth part of a knight's fee, ren-
dering us. 6d. yearly. The said Edmund
stated that he was mesne between the
king, &c., and was in ward ; hence there
was no relief; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, 2/20.

Sir Edmund TrafFord, who died in
1563, held Urmston of the queen by the
eighth part of a knight's fee and 8*. 4</.;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m., zi, n.

Robert Worsley of the Booths in the
time of Henry VIII held lands in Urms-
ton of Edmund TrafFord, but the service
due was not known ; ibid, vii, 5.

Sir Robert Lovell in 1600 held lands
in Urmston, probably purchases from
members of the TrafFord family ; ibid,
xviii, 32 ; see also Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), iii, 421, 46$, and the accounts of
Chorlton and Didsbury.

Richard Scott in 1547 claimed a mes-
suage, &c., against Sir Edmund TrafFord
and James Hampson ; ibid, i, 229.

11 Richard de Urmston is named in
1265, 1278, 1284, and again in 1288 ;
perhaps there were two of the name ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 232, 273 ;
Assize R. 1238, m. 34 d.; 1265, m. 5 d.

Nigel son of Roger son of Adam de
Urmston in 1288 demanded the manor
against Adam son of Richard de Urms-
ton, claiming as heir ; De Banco R. 73,
m. 49, 87 d. Thus Richard must have
died in that year.

In 1284, however, there was another
Adam de Urmston, the son of William and
Constance ; in reply to a charge of novel
disseisin in 'Ormiston,' he said there
was no such vill, but the tenements
claimed were in 'Urmiston,' and he held
them as his father's heir. Thomas de
Urmston claimed under a grant from the
father ; Assize R. 1268, m. 19. In the
same year Richard de Urmston claimed
eight messuages in Urmston against Adam
and Alexander de Hulme, John son of
Wymark, and others. Robert Grelley
had held them, and his son and heir
Thomas being under age, the escheator
had taken possession ; ibid. 1265,
m. 22 d.

18 See the account of Westleigh ; a
Richard de Urmston and Siegrith his wife
held it and lands in Flixton in 1292 ;
Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.) ;
i, 169, 174; ii, 20, 127. Siegrith, lady
of Urmston, also occurs in 1311 ; Lich.
Epis. Reg. i, fol. 114/1.

Adam de Urmston, probably the Adam
son of Richard above mentioned, seems
to have been the chief man in the town-
ship in 1292, when he was involved in
several pleas. William son of William
de Flixton (probably a Valentine), was
nonsuited in a claim against Adam de
Urmston and William his brother ; Assize
R. 408, m. 44 d. The same plaintiff was
also nonsuited in a claim against William
son of Thomas de Urmston ; ibid. m.
48 d. Henry son and heir of Henry de
TrafFord was nonsuited in his demand
that Adam de Urmston' s mill-pool should
be destroyed, having been formed by
Adam's father, Richard, to the injury of
the TrafFords' estate ; ibid. m. 56 d. ; De
Banco R. 92, m. I2gd.

14 In 1301 Adam de Urmston made
claims, which he did not prosecute, against
Robert de Ashton and others, respecting
tenements in Urmston; Assize R. 418,
m. 12 d. These Ashtons were of the
adjacent township of Ashton on Mersey.
In the same year Richard son of Adam
de Urmston, and Cecily his wife, made
a similar claim against Adam and
others ; ibid. 419, m. 3 ; 420, m. 7.
Richard son of Adam son of Richard de
Urmston in 1333 and up to 1342 claimed
eighteen messuages, &c., in Urmston,
against Henry son of John de TrafFord of
Urmston ; De Banco R. 295, m. 28 ;
332, m. 100 d.

14 The story is told fully in a document
compiled about 1430, in Harl. MS. 2112,

51

fol. 158, printed in Coll. To fog. et Gen.
viii, 146.

Adam de Urmston granted all his lands
of Urmston, with the demesne, wards,
reliefs, &c., to Gilbert de Ashton, who in
return granted the moiety of Ashton on
Mersey, and lands in Sale and Altrincham.
These being more valuable than Urmston
Adam granted a rent of £3 a year from
them. After this Adam sold the Ashton
lands to John de Leigh and Ellen his
wife, who gave them to William Venables
and Katherine his wife. [This was in
1307-8 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxvii, App.
94]. William not paying the rent of ^3,
Gilbert de Ashton made a distraint and.
proved his right in open court.

Gilbert married Margaret daughter of
Roger de Cheadle, and their daughter
Hawise was married in childhood to'
Henry son of John de TrafFord of New-
croft, the father giving her the manor of
Urmston. Afterwards a divorce took,
place ; Henry married Joan de Worsley,.
and Hawise married John son and heir of
the above-mentioned William Venables, by
whom she had a daughter and heir Alice
(elsewhere Aline). After the death of
Hawise John married Joan, sister of the-
said Henry de TrafFord, and had a daughter
Cecily, wife of Robert de Ashton.

Meantime John de TrafFord had killed
Gilbert de Ashton at Urmston, hiding his
body in a * rindle ' and taking the deeds
of the manor. Henry de TrafFord also
arranged with Richard son of Adam de
Urmston that the latter should recover the
lands and then grant them to him. Thus-
Aline's inheritance was in great danger.
Her father also was against her ; he
wished her to marry Adam de TrafFord,,
his second wife's brother, and shut her up>
in the ' city of Brvnuegg,' till she escaped
one night and found refuge in Timperley,
on which her father, in his anger, burnt
the deed securing to her the rent of £3.
Next, Hamon Massey of Timperley mar-
ried her to Ralph de Hyde, who managed
to regain the manor of Urmston against
Henry de TrafFord and Richard de Urms-
ton ; after which the stolen deeds were
given up to him.

A copy of the grant by Adam de Urms-
ton to Gilbert de Ashton follows.

Some illustrative references will be
found in the following notes.

16 De Banco R. 217, m. 183 d. It is
possible that the oxgang not mentioned!
was Newcroft, the possession of Henry
de TrarFord. Gilbert de Ashton after-

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

appears always to have descended with the Ashton
share.

Henry de Trafford was in possession in 1324 in
right of his wife.17 She afterwards married John
Venables, of Ashton-on-Mersey, by whom she had the
daughter and heir Aline mentioned above. From
1343 onward Ralph de Hyde and Aline his wife were
•engaged in suits respecting her inheritance.18 Ralph
and Aline were living in 1360, when they and their
son William successfully defended their title to half the
mill.19 By 1 370 Thomas son of Ralph appears to have
succeeded his father,*0 and he is no doubt the same
Thomas de Hyde who died in 1433, leaving as heir his
son George's child Thomas, then fourteen years of age.21

The younger Thomas died in 1444, holding the
manor of Urmston of Sir Edmund Trafford by
knight's service ; the clear value was loo/. George
the son and heir was about three months old."
Margaret the widow had certain messuages and lands

assigned to her as dower in I445.*3 George died in
or before 1500, in which year his widow Isabel
claimed dower, Thomas Hyde being then in posses-
sion.*4 In 1517 John the son and heir of Thomas
was contracted to marry Elizabeth daughter of Sir
John Booth of Barton.*5 Thomas died early in 1 5 34,
holding the manor of Urmston of Edmund Trafford
by knight's service and a rent of 8s. He had made
provision for his wife and younger sons, and the heir
was his grandson William, son of the above-named
John, then about fourteen years of age.*8

William Hyde in 1548 arranged for the marriage
of his son and heir William with Margaret daughter of
John Arderne ; she was to have a jointure out of the
Urmston lands of £4 clear value.17 He died in 1 5 74,
holding the manor of Edmund Trafford by the eighth
part of a knight's fee and 8/. rent ; the clear annual
value was £5. The heir was his said son William,
then twenty-nine years of age.*8 A pedigree was

wards proffered a charter of Isabel's, but
she denied it to be hers ; De Banco R.
218, m. 30.

Adam de Urmston in 1300 granted to
his son Richard and Cecily his wife,
daughter of Thomas de Hulme, 3 oxgangs
of land in Urmston, &c.; De Trafford D.
no. 294. Richard and Cecily in 1305
accordingly claimed three messuages,
3 oxgangs, 12 acres of land, i acre of
heath, and the moiety of the mills in
Urmston, against Adam de Urmston,
Gilbert de Ashton, Robert, Thomas,
Richard, and William his sons, Hawise,
Margery, Lettice, and Margery his daugh-
ters, and Roger Plat. One writ was
abstracted, and William son of the rector
of Lee sent to gaol. Gilbert pleaded a
quitclaim of the same year, but Richard
was then a minor ; Assize R. 420, m. 7,
5 d. ; 423, m. 3 i

The Serjeant family occurs several
times in the pleadings, &c. William the
Serjeant in 1346 called John de Radcliffe,
rector of Bury, to warrant him in the
possession of his estate in Urmston ; De
Banco R. 345, m. 113 d. Joan daughter
of William, in 1352 released to Thomas
del Booth her right in her father's lands,
Ac. ; P.R.O. Anct. D., A, 8175. Later,
however, she seems to have recovered all
or part of them ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 3, m. 2.

V Duchy of Lane. Rentals and Surv.
379, m. 13 ; he paid for ward 8*. and
sake fee zt. In the copy in Dods. MSS.
cxx-xi, foL 37/', the sake fee is given as
zt. 6J., making ioj. 6</. in all.

In the same year Robert de Hulme
claimed land in Urmston against Henry
san of John de Trafford, Hawise his wife,
and John de Trafford the elder 5 Assize
R. 425>m- 5d-

John de Trafford contributed to the
subsidy of 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 41.

Thomas son of Adam de Hulme, in
virtue of a grant made to his grandfather
Thomas in 1302 by Adam de Urmston,
successfully claimed leave to get turves on
the moor of Urmston in 1334; Adam
de Hulme was brother and heir of Robert,
eldest son of Thomas the grandfather.
The defendants were Henry son of John
Trafford of Newcroft and Isabel

idow of Adam de Urmston, the latter
ght of her dower ; Coram Rege R.
297, m. 125.

18 The earliest statement (1343) recites
the possession of the manor of Urmston

by Gilbert de Ashton, with remainder to
his daughter Hawise and her issue ; and
by Henry son of John de Trafford of
Newcroft, in right of Hawise, after Gil-
bert's death, and by Henry after the
death of Hawise. It alleges that Henry
and others in 1340 conspired with
Richard son of Adam son of Richard de
Urmston, so that the latter might sue
Henry for the manor ; he did so, and in
1342 recovered it by Henry's wilful
default. Henry and Richard defended,
hut the jury found that Adam alienated
the manor in exchange for other tene-
ments, so that his son Richard had never
any right in it, and upheld Aline's claim.
They assessed the damages as £4 instead
of the £2,000 claimed ; Assize R. 430,
m. lod. In the following year Ralph
and Aline were nonsuited in a claim for
ten messuages, 40 acres of land, &c.,
against John de Trafford of Newcroft,
Joan his wife, and John, Richard, Robert,
and Adam his sons; ibid. 1435,
m. 42.

A further statement of the case was
made in 1347, in the king's writ to the
justices ; herein Geoffrey de Urmston and
Roger de Chisnall are named as the
partners of Henry de Trafford in the
conspiracy ; De Banco R. 351, m. 435 d.;
352, m. 227 d. ; 356, m. 412 d. In
July 1351 Ralph and Aline proceeded
against Richard de Urmston, Geoffrey and
Adam his brothers and others, but the
writ was adjudged bad, having quettus for
questi ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 2.
At the same time Amice daughter of
Henry son of John de Trafford did not
prosecute her claim against Ralph and
Aline ; a mistake was found in her writ,
more tenants being named in it than
were shown on the endorsement ; ibid,
m. 4 d, 5. This dispute, however, had
not been confined to the courts ; for in
Aug. 1350, Richard de Urmston, Adam
his brothers and others, had with bows,
arrows, swords, and shields, taken some
of Ralph de Hyde's cattle — a horse worth
40*., four oxen worth 501., and two cows
worth 131. 4</. — and committed other
enormities, treading down his corn to
the value of £6 31. $d. ; whereupon,
being convicted, Richard was sent to
gaol; Assize R. 431, m. id. In 1351
Richard son of Geoffrey de Urmston re-
leased to Ralph de Hyde all his right to
the lands in dispute; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 159. The suits went on for some
years after this, with varying success.

52

19 Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 8, m. 4.

20 De Banco R. 440, m. 244 ; he was
plaintiff in a continuation of the old suits,

21 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 40 ;
he is stated to have held no lands.

Thomas de Hyde of Urmston and
Margaret his wife granted to feoffees their
manor of Urmston with the appurten-
ances ; the date is uncertain ; Harl. MS.
21 1 2, fol. 1 60.

In 1419 Thomas de Hyde of Urmston
and Margaret his wife empowered John
de Bamford to give seisin of all their
lands, &c., in Stockport, Offerton, and
Marple to George their son and Alice
daughter of Robert de Stockport ; Bram-
hall D.

Arrangements were made in 1429 for
the marriage of Thomas son of George
de Hyde with Margaret daughter of
Thomas de Leigh of Baguley. The
marriage portion was 40 marks, the
jointure 6 marks, and lands in Urmston
to the clear value of 6 marks were set
out for the purpose; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 1 60.

22 Lanes. Inq. p.m. ii, 50.

23 Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 160 ; the lands
assigned were those in Urmston tenanted
by Henry Johnson, Agnes Milner, Richard
Gefferson, Robert Gefferson, and Richard
Sherlock.

24 Ibid. fol. 161 ; Sir John Booth wa«
the arbitrator.

George Hyde was at Chester outlawed
for debt in Sept. 1487, and his lands at
Offerton and Marple were seized ; Ches.
Inq. 3 Hen. VII, no. 2.

25 Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 161, 177 ; the
contract was made between Thomas Hyde
and Ellen, widow of Sir John Booth ;
Elizabeth's portion was 85 marks, and a
jointure of 4 marks was provided for.

26 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. viii, 37.
To Thomas his son he granted pastures
called Cobrysshes and Medylst Rayn-
shaghe for life ; to James, another son,
the Horsecroft, Newhey, and Formeste
Raynshaghe for life ; to Hamnet, another
son, lands in Cheshire. Margaret his
wife survived him.

27 Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 161 d. In the
following year William the father married
Douce, 'cousin' of John Warburton; ibid.

28 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, 31. By
his second wife he had a daughter Ellen,
who married Thomas Boydell of Pulford.
The latter, shortly after his father-in-law's
death, had disputes with the son; Ducatus,
»», 32» 33-

SALFORD HUNDRED

recorded in 1567, but some of the earlier steps are
•omitted or wrongly given.29

William Hyde died 26 August 1587, holding the
manor, with messuages, windmill, and
lands in Urmston of the queen, as of
her Duchy of Lancaster, by the eighth
part of a knight's fee and a rent of
8/. 2</.; he also held a burgage in
Stockport and lands in Cheshire. John
his son and heir was ten years of age.30
John Hyde was married in 1598-9,
his wife, Susan daughter of William
Ashton of Clegg, bringing him a por-
tion of j£40O.31 A pedigree was re-
corded in 1613, the eldest son George
being then six years of age.31 A set-
tlement of the manor had been made
the year before.33 A further settle-
ment was made in 1642, by John
Hyde, Susan his wife, George Hyde
and Margaret his wife.34 John Hyde
died in 1644, his wife having died
the year before ; and George died two
years after his father.35

In 1642 Susan the daughter and
heir of George Hyde married Richard
Hulme of Davyhulme,36 by whom she
had a son William, the heir of Urms-
ton. She afterwards married Richard
Starkie,37 and in 1670 a settlement was
made by Richard Starkie and Susan his
wife, William Hulme, Thomas Lucas,
and Hannah his wife.38 William
Hulme, high sheriff in 1701," died
in November 1708,*° and his mother
followed him in February.41 John, the
eldest surviving son of William Hulme,
succeeded,41 and left a daughter Anne,

FLIXTON

who as ' heiress of Davyhulme and of the lordship and
manor of Urmston,' was married at Flixton 3 Sep-
tember 1735 to Thomas eldest son of the celebrated

URMSTON HALL : EAST SIDE

M Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 14.

80 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, 49 ;
a third of the manor was devoted to the
use of the son John, another third to the
widow, Margaret, and the remaining third
to the daughters Bridget and Anne until
the son should come of age. His will is
printed in full in Piccope, Will* (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 189-91 ; he desired to be buried
in the chancel at Flixton. His harness,
with his bow and arrows, was to be kept
for the use of his son. Margaret, the
widow, was in 1593 concerned in a
suit respecting the Old Hall in Urmston
with a tenant of the RadclifFes ; Ducatus,
iii, 304.

In 1589 Richard Gerard, rector of
Stockport, surrendered to the widow the
wardship of her son; Had. MS. 2112,
foL 162.

81 Ibid. A settlement of the manor,
Ac., was made at the same time by the
widow, her son and his wife ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 61, no. 343.

81 Viiit. (Chet. Soc.), 53 ; two deeds
are quoted in it.

88 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 82,
no. 27. M Ibid. bdle. 141, no. i.

84 These dates, and later ones for which
no other authority is quoted, are taken
from the Flixton registers.

John Hyde in 1631 paid £10 on
refusing knighthood ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 215. In his will
of 12 Mar. 1643-4, he mentioned his
wife Margaret, his grandchild Sarah and
her husband Richard Hulme, also two

grandchildren, sons of George Griffith of
Prescot.

84 He was the son of William Hulme
of Davyhulme, buried at Eccles 20 Jan.
1640-1 ; he was himself baptized at
Eccles I Aug. 1624, and buried there
5 June 1 649 ; Hulme pedigree in Pic-
cope's MS. i, 327. The surname of
Margaret, George Hyde's wife, is un-
known. The Urmston halmote in 1642
was that of John Hyde, the next (in
1647) was that of Richard Hulme, the
next (in 1651) was that of Richard Star-
kie, the next (in 1673) was that of
William Hulme.

8? Richard Starkie of Urmston was
summoned by the heralds at the Visitation
in 1664 ; Dugdale, fisit. (Chet. Soc.), v.

In 1650 Richard Starkie's mother seems
to have been living at Warrington ; Crof-
ton, Stretford (Chet. Soc.), iii, 204.

88 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 84,
m. 81.

William Hulme, baptized at Flixton
5 April 1649, married Hannah daughter
of Samuel Blackleach at Macclesheld,
where her father was alderman, on 9 Dec.
1668 ; James, the eldest son, was born
30 Aug. 1669. Hannah Hulme the wife
was buried at Flixton 6 Oct. 1684.

In 1673 William Hulme in a petition
to the Chancellor of the Duchy set forth
his descent and claim to the lordship of
Urmston, and lands, &c., in Urmston,
Hulme, and Newcroft, reciting the settle-
ments and stating that his mother had
surrendered her estate therein, and he had

53

taken peaceable possession ; but Peter
Holford of London, Elizabeth his wife,
Charles Moore of London, and Alice his
wife had obtained certain deeds and sought
to oust, alleging in particular that George
Hyde, his grandfather, was ' a mad and
distracted person ' at the time of the settle-
ment in 1642 ; Lanes. Chan. Bills, P.R.O.,
vol. xxx.

There was a recovery of the manor in
1705, William Hulme being a vouchee j
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 482, m. 2 d.

He is several times mentioned in the
Kenyon MSS. (Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv,
App. iv), and some of his letters are
printed. In 1694 he wrote to Roger
Kenyon respecting ' an impudent conven-
ticle ' held just by him ; he desired to
suppress it ; ibid. 290.

39 P.R.O. List, 74.

40 His will, dated 26 Mar. 1707, men-
tions John his son and heir, and his daugh-
ters Mary (wife of Thomas Shaw of Man-
chester), Hannah, Elizabeth, Frances,
Jane, and Susannah.

41 She is described in the register as
' mother of the late Captain Hulme.'

48 John Hulme was baptized at Flixton
20 Feb. 1679-80, and was married there
on 1 9 April 1711 to Elizabeth Bate. She
was buried there on i June 1724. A
lease by John Hulme to John Dewhurst
in 1718 is recited in a deed in Manches-
ter Free Library, no. 113.

There was a recovery of the manor,
&c.,in 1736, John Hulme being a vouchee;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 542, m. 5.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

antiquary Browne Willis of Bletchley.43 Thomas
Willis, perhaps the son, was lord of the manor in
1765," but soon afterwards it was sold, together with
Davyhulme, and has since passed through several
hands." It was in March 1822 purchased from Wil-
liam Marsden's trustees by John Miller, who bequeathed
it for life to George Lewis Ridehalgh. The last-named
was succeeded by his son, Colonel George John Miller
Ridehalgh; after his death in 1892 his widow held
it, and on her death recently it passed to Mr. George
Ridehalgh, the present lord of the manor.46

A rental of 1779 shows that the Duchy of Lan-
caster then received lo/. 4</. from Urmston ; of this
sum 8/. 3</. was paid by William Allen and <)d. by the
owner of Newcroft.47

Manor courts were held up to about the time of
Colonel Ridehalgh's death, but had degenerated into
an annual dinner.48

Urmston Hall stands a little to the west of the
church and is a two-story timber and plaster building

URMSTON HALL : NORTH FRONT

on a stone base, now used as a farm-house. The
principal front, which faces north, is entirely of wood
and plaster under a single gable about 2 1 ft. wide, and
on the east side are two timber gables with a good
brick chimney between. The whole of the west and
south fronts, together with an addition at the south-
east, are built of brick. The house is probably of late
16th-century date, but has been a good deal altered
since, and is in only a moderate state of repair. Two-
windows, each of seven lights, in one of the side
gables are now made up, and all the windows have
lost their original glazing, or are otherwise modernized.
The gables are without barge-boards, but that on the
north front has a good hip knob on which is the date

1721 and the initials jHE- Probably a good deal of

repair and renovation was done at this time, and the
south-west sides rebuilt in brick. From the north-
east the house, which stands back from the road amid
trees, has a very picturesque appearance, the two fronts-
being well broken up with
gables and chimneys. The
quatrefoils along the front
elevation and other portions
of the black and white work,
however, are only painted on
the plaster, but the main
timber construction of the
building remains, and what
restoration there has been
follows the original lines.
The half-timber work con-
sists of a simple design with
horizontal pieces and straight
uprights and a central band
of ornament. The entrance
door on the north side is the
original one of thick oak,
nail-studded, and with good
ornamental hinges and ring
handle.

Of the other portions of
the manor no proper account
can be given. The Urmston
family continued to hold
theirs for some time.49 The
principal estate was NEW-

43 Pedigree m Burke, Commoners, ii,
372~5- Jonn Willis brother of Thomas
was rector of Bletchley, but was buried at
Flixton 24 July 1741.

Anne Willis daughter of Thomas was
born ii Aug. 1736 ; Thomas the son was
born ii Feb. 1737-8 ; and Hulme, an-
other son, was buried 4 Mar. 1738-9 ;
Flixton Reg.

44 Lawson, Flixton, 104, quoting an ad-
vertisement in the Manchester Mercury,
9 July 1765.

There was a recovery of the manor of
Urmston, &c., in 1759, Thomas Willis
and Arthur Trollope being vouchees ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 591, m. 3.

45 In 1773 Roger Sedgwick was plain-
tiff and William Allen and Ellen his wife
defendants in a fine respecting the manor
of Urmston, with messuages, dovehouse,
lands, common of pasture, and turbary,
&c., in Urmston, Davyhulme, Newcroft,
Shaw, Flixton, Lostock,^ Bent Lanes, Bar-
ton on Irwell, and Manchester ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 389, m. 48. Wil-

liam Allen, a Manchester banker, became
bankrupt in 1788, and his estates were
sold.

46 From information of Mr. Ridehalgh's
solicitors, Messrs. Taylor, Kirkman &
Co.

47 Duchy of Lane. Rentals, bdle. 14,
no. 25 m.

48 Lawson, op. cit. 105. A volume
containing the Urmston Halmote Re-
cords from 1613 to 1699 is in the care of
the solicitors above named.

49 They have been noticed already in
the account of the claims of Ralph de
Hyde and his wife Aline. A Geoffrey de
Urmston contributed to the subsidy of
1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 41.

Richard the son of Adam de Urmston
was succeeded about 1352 by his son Ro-
bert, who in July of that year was plaintiff
against Thomas de Trafford ; Duchy of
Lane. Assize R. 2, m. 4 ; R. 3, m. 3 d. 5.
Robert also continued the family suits
against the Hydes ; ibid. R. 2, m. 4 ;

54

R. 3, m. 3 d. 4 d. ; R. 8, m. 4. Richard
son of Geoffrey de Urmston was also con-
cerned in this litigation ; Assize R. 435,
m. 6 d. Robert de Urmston did not pro-
secute his writ in 1353 against Richard
and Geoffrey sons of Geoffrey de Urmston;
ibid. m. 22.

One of the disputes concerned a fishery
in the Mersey as far as the thread of the
water, taking salmon, bream, pike, &c.,
with nets or otherwise. Robert, quoting
the charter of 1 300, stated that Adam his
grandfather had given to Richard his son
and heir, on his marriage with Cecily
daughter of Thomas de Hulme, three ox-
gangs in Urmston, with the buildings upon
them, a moiety of the mills and fishery
within all his limits (defensis), except his
vivaries ; but Ralph de Hyde and Aline
his wife had disseised him. They denied
that the proffered charter was Adam's ;
ibid. m. 30 d. Afterwards they objected
that the wording of the writ was wrong,
as it read ' de libero tenemento suo ' instead
of ' de communa piscarie sue,' and this

SALFORD HUNDRED

FLIXTON

CROFT, regarded as a manor, held at one time
by the Traffords,50 then by the Warburtons,51 and in
the 1 6th and iyth centuries by the Radcliffes of
Ordsall.52 Sir Alexander Radcliffe of Ordsall, who
died in 1 549, held three-fourths of the manor of
Newcroft and 100 acres of land, &c., there of the
king (as duke) in socage by a rent of gd. for all
services.52* By the end of the i8th century it had
come into the possession of William Allen, then lord
of the manor of Urmston,53 and on his bankruptcy in
1788 was purchased by the Taylors of Hulme in
Reddish, and remained in their possession nearly a
century, being sold in 1888 by the trustee of Samuel

Taylor to Herbert Bannister. The estate was then
supposed to be subject to some charitable rent-charges
and also to a duchy rent of gd., but it was stated that
none of them had been demanded or paid for many
years.54 Newcroft is a plain brick building once sur-
rounded by a moat, of no architectural beauty what-
ever.55 Roger Rogers of Newcroft was summoned by
the heralds to attend the visitation of 1664 ; no
pedigree appears.553

Hillam,56 the Lodge,57 and Brook House M represent
old estates. A ghost story was told of Gamershaw, a
house at the east side of the township.49 The Newton,60
Gregory,61 and Hey 6S families were freeholders.

seems to have been fatal ; Assize R. 43 5,
m. 1 7. In another case, in which Robert
claimed 10 acres of land and pasture for six
cows, they tried a technical objection, but
•did not succeed ; ibid. m. 31 d.

In a document of about the same time
John de Trafford of Urmston is said to
hold two and a half oxgangs lately belong-
ing to Geoffrey de Urmston, and five and
a half oxgangs, by the eighth part of a
knight's fee ; Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks.
no. 130, fol. i6d. With this may be
compared the statement of the Traffords'
holding quoted in an earlier note.

60 The Traffords of Newcroft have been
frequently mentioned in the preceding
notes. There seem to have been three
generations — John, Henry, and Amice ;
but John and Thomas de Trafford are also
mentioned. The Hydes were in 1354
and later involved in disputes with Cecily
widow of John de Trafford of Newcroft
regarding lands of which Roger son of
Roger de Barlow was tenant. Cecily called
Amice daughter of Henry de Trafford to
warrant her ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R.
3, m. 3 (July), ^ (East.) ; 4, m. 29 ; 5,
m. 1 8 d. 20 d. &c.

41 William de Warburton in 1357 was
the husband of Amice the above-named
daughter of Henry de Trafford, and they
were called to warrant Cecily the widow
of John in the suit with Ralph de Hyde
and his wife ; ibid. R. 6, m. 4 d. Later,
at Michaelmas 1359, William and Amice
claimed a messuage and lands against
Richard de Hill, chaplain ; ibid. R. 7, m. i.

Disputes were still going on in 1370 ;
De Banco R. 440, m. 244 ; 446, m. 200 d.

Geoffrey de Warburton of Newcroft in
1389-90 acknowledged a debt of £20 due
to Adam de Lever ; PaL of Lane. Chan.
Misc. 1/3. He and Katharine his wife,
widow of Thomas de Knoll, sent up a
petition concerning lands in Chipping in
1425 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i,

73 i "» 9-

William de Warburton of Newcroft in
1429-30 made a grant of land in Urms-
ton to Richard his son on the occasion
of his marriage with Marion daughter of
Maud Ashton ; Newcroft and Foxdenton
D. (Chet. Lib.).

Thomas Warburton in 1531 disputed
the title to Newcroft against Sir Alexander
Radcliffe and others ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 149.

In 1566 Peter Warburton, who had
married Katherine daughter and heir of
John Cowper, and claimed under a grant
from William Hyde, proceeded against
the last-named and others for divers tres-
passes ; ibid, ii, 334.

53 Richard Smith and Randle Ryder of
Flixton in 1532 sold to Sir Alexander
Radcliffe of Ordsall their moiety of New-
croft, late the inheritance of Richard
Warburton, and later in the same year

Thomas Warburton of Tabley Hill,
Cheshire, sold his moiety to the same ;
Newcroft D. (Chet. Lib.).

52d Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 26.
Similar statements are made in the in-
quisitions after the death of Sir William
Radcliffe (i 568), Sir John Radcliffe (i 590),
and Sir Alexander Radcliffe (1599) ; ibid.
x'i'» 33 5 *v, 45 ; xvii, 35.

Richard Radcliffe, youngest son of Sir
William, lived at Newcroft, holding it on
lease from his brother Sir John Radcliffe
(Newcroft D.), and was buried at Flixton.
His memorial brass states that he was
' captain over 200 foot at the siege of
Leith and at the rebellion in the north.'
By his second wife he acquired the estate
of Foxdenton in Chadderton. He had also
an estate in Altcar.

In 1605 Sir John Radcliffe of Ordsall
made a settlement (or a sale) of the manor
of Newcroft, with messuages, gardens, lands,
and common of pasture ; PaL of Lane.
Feet, of F. bdle. 68, no. 16.

About 1632 there was a dispute as to
Newcroft between Greenhalgh and Rad-
cliffe ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 246.

48 From references already given it
would appear that Newcroft had been pur-
chased by the Hulmes, and from their
heirs by William Allen.

64 End. Char. Rep. for Flixton (1900),
pp. 3, 6. The price paid in 1888 was
£4,000 ; Lawson, Flixton, 105.

4i D. H. Langton, Hist, of Flixton, 30.

*5a Dugdale, Visit, v. Roger Rogers,
gent., in Nov. 1690 became steward of
the Urmston halmote, and appears among
the free tenants at the same court. He
ceased to hold the office between 27 Aug.
and 26 Sept. 1695, when William Rogers
succeeded him. In 1699 Peter Egerton
of Shaw Hall granted Shaw Manor House
to Richard Tonge and William Rogers of
Stretford ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. Croston),
iii, 307. In 1701 William Rogers became
steward of Stretford Court Baron.

46 The title to Hylland was in 1548
disputed by Giles and William Parting-
ton ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 88 ;
see also i, 228, ii, 94, for other references
to the family ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 34. In 1559 John
Partington of Manchester, mercer, sold
all his lands in Urmston to Edmund
Trafford ; he inherited from his uncle
James Partington, and another uncle,
Ralph, is named. The tenants were John
Gregory, Thomas Gregory, George Gre-
gory, William Holland, and Thomas
Gregory of Hillam ; De Trafford D. no.
115, 1 1 6. In 1546 William Partington
had purchased from John Gregory and
John his son six messuages, &c., in Urms-
ton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 12,
m. 256.

*7 Lawson, op. cit. 108 ; known as

55

' Pine apple hall ' from a carving over the
door.

48 Ibid. ; now known as the ' Grange."

49 Ibid. 109 ; the house called the
' Anchorage ' stands on the site. Gamer-
shaw is a corruption of Grimelshagh ; sec
D. of 1554 in Crofton, Stretford, ii, 42.

60 John Newton, who died in 1597,
held a messuage in Urmston of the queen;
John his son and heir was about sixteen ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 82.
Newton of Urmston occurs in the list of
freeholders in 1 600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 249. Robert New-
ton of Urmston had land in Barton on
lease in 1676-7 ; De Trafford D. no. 112.

Mr. Crofton adds the following further
information: — In 1673 John Newton
paid hearth tax in Stretford for one hearth;
Stretford, iii, 212. On 21 Nov. 1684
' John son of Mr. John Newton of Stret-
ford ' married Sarah daughter of Mr.
Francis Brown of Manchester ; Stretford
Reg. John Newton was steward of Stret-
ford Court Baron. He was also a high-
way overseer for Stretford in 1691, and
chapelwarden in 1700. He was buried
at Bowdon 3 June 1701, and the entry in
the Stretford registers calls him 'gentle-
man.' The will of 'John Newton of
Stretford, yeoman,' was proved at Chester
the same year. On 27 Sept. 1690 letters
of administration had been granted to
John Newton of Stretford, yeoman, as
kinsman of Winifred wife of Thomas
Barlow of Barlow, who was daughter of
Anthony Meinell of N. Kilvington,
co. York. She had been wife of — Kil-
lingbeck of Ellerton Grange, co. York,
and was buried at Manchester Collegiate
Church in 1690. Thomas Newton was
John Newton's executor. In Oct. 1620
the Urmston Halmote Recs. mention
Thomas Newton senr. and junr., John
Newton, gent., free tenant, and William
Newton, inhabitant.

61 Robert de Moston of Chester and
Cecily his wife in 1402 gave to William
son of Robert Gregory all their lands
in Urmston ; De Trafford D. no. 296.
Thomas de Hyde in 1418-19 contracted
to marry his daughter Maud to William
Gregory the younger of Leigh ; Harl.
MS. 2 1 12, fol. 1 60. John Gregory of
Newcroft was by Richard Radcliffe in 1593
called upon to pay a debt due to Sir
Edmund Trafford for fine and gressum ;
Ducatus Lane, iii, 289. Henry Gregory
contributed to the subsidy in 1622 for
lands ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 1 54. A pedigree recorded in 1 567 shows
that the Gregorys claimed by descent from
Adam Urmston of Urmston ; Visit. (Chet.
Soc.), 7.

62 Hugh Scott of Wigan and Alice his
wife had lands in Urmston in 1576; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 38, m. 119. Edmund
Hey in 1590 purchased a messuage, &c.,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The most considerable contributor to the land tax
of 1 796 was William Marsden ; after him came John
Gregory, Stevenson's trustees, and Patten ; these in
all paid about a third of the tax.63

Robert Barlow of Urmston joined Prince Rupert
when he invaded the county — in 1 644 — took part in
the battle at York, and continued in arms with that
force ; his property seems to have been confiscated.64

In connexion with the Established Church a school-
chapel was opened in 1858 ; this was followed within
ten years by St. Clement's Church, consecrated in
January 1868. The site of church and churchyard
was the gift of Colonel Ridehalgh. A separate dis-
trict was assigned to it, and the patronage is vested in
the Bishop of Manchester.65

The Wesleyan Methodists have had a meeting-
place here since about 1813, but services were dis-
continued for some years after 1850. They were
resumed about 1868, and in 1872 the present church
was opened. The Primitive Methodists had a chapel
in 1825, but the present one dates from 1873. The
Independent Methodists have had services since
1838."

A Congregationalist minister preached occasionally
in Urmston about 1 840, but the present church dates
only from 1880, services having begun in a school-
room the previous year.67 The Baptists have a church.

The Unitarians have held services since I894-68

The Roman Catholic church of the English Martyr*
was opened in

RADCLIFFE

Radeclive,Dom. Bk., 1193,1202, 1212,1311 ; Rad-
clive, 1227 ; Radeclif, 1309, 1360. The place is
said to take its name from a cliff of red sandstone on
the side of the Irwell.

The township and parish of Radcliffe lies in a bend
of the River Irwell, which bounds it on the east and
south, except in a few places where the difference of
boundary may be explained by changes in the course
of the river or other causes. The principal ancient
buildings, the church and the tower, are situated in
the south-east corner, at which point the Roch, flow-
ing from the east, joins the Irwell. The township
measures ^\ miles from erst to west, and has an area
of 2,533 acres.1 The hig'iest land, about 500 ft.
above sea level, is in the north-west, and from it the
surface gradually descends to the east and south, the
land by the river being of course the lowest. The
population in 1901 was 20,590.* The Coal Measures
underlie the entire parish. There is a large area in
the valley of the Irwell, both above and below the
confluence with the River Roch, covered by alluvial
deposit. The principal road is that passing north-
west through Pilkington and crossing the river by a
bridge about a mile west-south-west of the church.
Around this point a hamlet called Radcliffe Bridge
gradually formed, and has in modern times become
the centre of trade and population. The road, after
crossing the bridge, goes northerly to join the Bury
and Bolton road, passing through the hamlet called
Black Lane. To the north of the Bury and Bolton
road is the Radcliffe portion of Cockey Moor. From
the bridge roads go eastward to the church, and then
cross the Irwell to join the Manchester and Bury road.
Other roads go west through Little Lever to Bolton.

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's Liver-
pool and Bury line crosses the north of the township,,
going east and north-east, and has a station at Black
Lane. The company's East Lancashire section, with
a station at Radcliffe Bridge, runs through the town-
ship, and is joined by the line through Prestwich to
Manchester, which has a station called Radcliffe. The
Bury Canal crosses the township on the north-west
side of the town, and then goes west near the Irwell
till it joins the Manchester and Bolton Canal in Little
Lever.3

Dr. Aikin in 1795 found the 400 houses in the
township for the most part ' of an inferior sort,' and
the inhabitants chiefly weavers, crofters, or employed
in the coal works which abounded in the neighbour-
hood ; those who lived by farming being very few.*
The village has now grown into a town, and gives a
name to one of the Parliamentary divisions of the
county.5 Part of the area was incorporated in Bury
in 1876, and the remainder was governed by a local
board formed in i866.6 The town, together with a
portion of Whitefield in Pilkington, is under the Act
of 1894 governed by an Urban District Council of
twenty-four members, elected from four wards — Rad-
cliffe Hall, Radcliffe Bridge, Black Lane, and Stand
Lane ; the last is in Pilkington.7 The council-room
is at the public baths, built in 1899. The market
house and market rights were purchased from Lord
Wilton in 1897. Technical schools were opened in
1896, a public park in 1902, and a free library, the
gift of Mr. Carnegie, in 1907. A museum has been
given by the Literary and Scientific Society.

Gas is supplied by a company formed in 1846.
Electric lighting works have been established recently.

from Hugh Scott, Gilbert his son and heir,
and Margaret wife of Gilbert, Richard
brother of Hugh, and Roger brother of
Gilbert ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.bdle. 54,
m. 1 5 6. John Hey, who died in 1 596, held
messuages in Urmston and Culcheth, and
left as heir his son Edmund, six years of age;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 90.

Mr. Crofton adds : At Urmston hal-
mote 19 Oct. 1613 (when Edmund Hey
would be twenty-three) the free tenants
who are recorded were Alexander Rad-
cliffe, gent., John Newton, gent., and the
heirs of John Hey — each fined 6d. for not
appearing. This is the only record re-
lating to Hey. At next Court, 16 Apr.

1614, only Radcliffe and Newton are
named, as if Hey had sold to someone.

63 Returns at Preston.

64 Royalist Comf. Papers {Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 137.

65 Lawson, Flixton, 98-102; Land.
Gaz, 31 Mar. 1868 (district).

66 Lawson, op. cit. 130, 131.

'7 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v, 74,
77-9 ; Lawson, op. cit. 131.

68 Ibid. •» Ibid.

1 2,473, including I2O of inland water,
according to the census of 1901. Various
alterations in the boundaries were made
in 1894 and 1896. In the former year
part of Radcliffe on the east of the Irwell

56

was included in Bury, while a fragment of
Elton was placed in Radcliffe (Local
Govt Bd. Orders 31671 and 30905) j
and later Whitefield in Pilkington had a
portion of Radcliffe added to it ; ibid,

338SS.

2 Including Stand Lane, the population
was 25,368.

8 The canal has a large reservoir on the
border of Radcliffe and Elton.

4 Country round Mane b. 259.

5 Radcliffe-cum-Farnworth Division.
8 Land. Gaz. 2$ May 1866.

1 The bounds of each ward are given in
detail in the official year-book issued by
the council.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Tramways, constructed by the district council, are
leased to the Corporation of Bury.

A market-house was erected by the Earl of Wilton
in 1851 ; Friday is the market day.8 The wakes
begin on the third Saturday in August.

A convalescent hospital was presented to the town
in 1903 by Mr. Adam Crompton Bealey in memory
of his parents.

A weekly newspaper, 'The Radcliffe Times, founded
in 1 899, is printed at Bury.

A Roman road, commemorated by Blackburn Street,
passed northwards through RadclifFe Bridge.

There was a cross to the north-west of the church.9

There were 108 hearths liable to the tax in 1666.
The rectory had only five hearths, but there was one
larger house, that of James Holland, with six.10

The following is the apportionment of agricultural
land in the parish: Arable land, 561 acres; permanent
grass, 1,221; woods and plantations, 75.

There are several collieries, with cotton mills and
factories, the trades of the town including cotton-
spinning, the weaving of ginghams, scarves, handker-
chiefs, sarongs, &c., and the making of small-wares ;
bleaching, finishing, dyeing, paper-making, iron-found-
ing, and machine-making ; there are also chemical
manufactories.

At his death in 1 066 Edward the Con-
M4NOR fessor held R4DCLIFFE as one hide.11
The extent of the royal manor must have
been much greater than that of the present township,
which was in 1212 assessed as one plough-land only.
Allowing for a reduction of the assessment by a
third, it is clear that the later manor of RadclifFe can
have been but a fourth part of the original one. At
the later date mentioned it formed part of the
Marsey fee, and was held of Ranulf son of Roger
by William de RadclifFe." William was in possession
in 1193, when he proffered 5 marks for having the
king's favour after the rebellion of John, Count of
Mortain.13 In 1 199 he paid 10 marks for an inquiry
concerning land in Hartshead,14 and later he contri-
buted to tallage and scutage.15 In 1202 he secured

RADCLIFFE of Rad-
cliffe. Argent a bend-
let engrailed table.

an acknowledgement of his right to the advowson of
RadclifFe Church.16 He was one of the 'trusty
knights' who made the great Survey of 1212, at
which time he was found to hold, in addition to
RadclifFe, 1 2 oxgangs in Edge-
worth.17 He died before 1221,
when his widow Eugenia sued
Adam de RadclifFe for her
dower in a plough-land in
RadclifFe, a plough-land in
Edgeworth, and 4 oxgangs of
land in Little Lever.18

Adam de RadclifFe is men-
tioned in 1223," and in 1227
acknowledged the service due
to the lord of Manchester
for Little Lever.10 In 1246
as Adam son of William de
RadclifFe he was acquitted of having disseised Adam
son of Alexander de RadclifFe and Peter son of Adam
of 4 acres of common of pasture in RadclifFe, where
he had dug a mine ; but he was convicted of other
disseisin.11 Adam had also to answer Cecily de
Gorhull, who claimed an oxgang in RadclifFe, of
which she alleged William father of Adam had
disseised her, but he alleged that Hugh son of
Spraging, Cecily's father, had exchanged that oxgang
for other land in Gorhull.11 GeofFrey son of Hugh de
Gorhull in 1284 claimed a messuage and lands in
RadclifFe against Richard son of Robert de RadclifFe."

Richard de RadclifFe was in 1 302 holding the eighth
part of a fee in RadclifFe of the Earl of Lancaster.14
Two years later he had from the king a grant of free
warren in his demesne lands of RadclifFe and Quarl-
ton.16 William son of Richard de RadclifFe is next
found in possession. He married Margaret daughter
and heir of Adam de Hindley, and with her had
Peasfurlong, a fourth part of Culcheth.16 In 1324 he
held the manor of RadclifFe by homage and the yearly
service of 6s. for castle-ward and zs. 6d. for sake fee,
and by the service of the half and the tenth part of a
knight's fee.*7

8 There were unchartered fairs held at
the end of April and September ; Baines,
Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 533.

9 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxii, 139.

10 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

11 V.C.H. Lana. i, 287.

18 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71. The service
mentioned is 6;. ; in later inquisitions it
is described as the eighth part of a knight's
fee, held of the Earl or Duke of Lancaster
directly.

The parentage of William de Radcliffe
is not known. One Henry de Radcliffe
attested a charter in 1189 ; Farrer, Lanes.
Pipe R. 350. Alexander son of Uvieth
received 2 oxgangs in Little Lever from
Albert Grelley the younger (1162 to
1 1 So), and as Adam de Radcliffe was in
possession in 1227, it is possible that
Alexander was the father of William ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 57, 130. It
will be seen that an Adam son of Alex-
ander occurs in 1246.

William de Radcliffe and Hugh his son
attested a Withington charter about 1200 ;
Hulme D. no. i.

13 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 77.

14 Ibid. 117, 129, &c. He had given
Nicholas of the Oak the two plough-lands,
and seems to have desired to withdraw the

grant, alleging it to have been made under
compulsion of confinement while in prison.

15 Ibid. 151, 153, 176, &c.

16 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.),i, 10.

*7 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, \, 2, 67.

18 Ibid. 129 ; Curia Regis R. 78, m.
14 d.

19 Final Cone, i, 44 n.

30 Ibid, i, 47. This may be a different
Adam.

31 Assize R. 404, m. 6 d. Adam son of
Alexander at the same time claimed, as
heir of his grandfather Simon de Rad-
cliffe, certain land in Radcliffe held by
Henry de Oswaldtwistle ; ibid. m. 12 d.

aa Ibid. m. 1 1 d.

39 Assize R. 1268, m. 12 d. Robert
de Radcliffe was probably the Robert son
of Adam, who had land in Oswaldtwistle
in 1241 ; Final Cone, i, 85. Robert was
a juror in 1269, and Richard in 1282;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents, \, 235, 244.

John son of Adam son of William de
Radcliffe was nonsuited in a claim against
Roger de Middleton in 1292 ; Agnes
widow of Adam de Radcliffe was also non-
suited in a claim of dower ; Assize R.
408, m. 32 d. 30 d.

24 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, \, 314.

85 Chart. R. 97 (32 Edw. I), m. 2, no.

58

17; dated 23 July 1304. The 'park*
at Radcliffe used to be to the south of the
Tower.

In the same year and up to 1307
Richard de Radcliffe had to defend his
title to a messuage and land in Radcliffe
which were claimed by William de Mark-
Ian, rector of Prestwich, as the free alms
of his church ; De Banco R. 149, m.

2S5i R- i$5i m- 137 d-i R- 163. m-
162. Robert son of Richard de Rad-
cliffe, and William his brother were de-
fendants in 1306 and 1307 ; Coram Rege
R. 185, m. i d. ; R. 188, m. 38. Richard
de Radcliffe, Robert his son (dead in 1 309),
and Adam brother of Robert about the
same time seized the lands of Adam de
Lever in Little Lever, pretending a right
of wardship ; Assize R. 423, m. I d.

26 They were married in or before 1303;
De Banco R. 148, m. 71 ; Margery was
a widow in 1333 ; Had. MS. 2112, fol.
1 5 2/'/ 1 88 A. See further in the account
of Culcheth.

*7 Duchy of Lane. Rentals and Surv.
379, m. 13 ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii,
102.

In the elaborate pedigree in Whitaker,
Whalley, ii, 292, said to have been pre-
pared by William Radclyffe, Rouge Croix,
and verified by deeds in the Townelejr

SALFORD HUNDRED

RADCLIFFE

Richard son of William succeeded, and in 1346
held Radcliffe by the half and tenth part of a knight's
fee, the service of zs. 6d. a year, and puture.28 He
occurs in various ways down to I37i,*9and appears to
have been followed by his grandson 80 James, who in
1403 received the king's licence to rebuild the manor-
house at Radcliffe, erecting a hall and two towers of
stone, and fortifying them with crenellation and battle-
ments.81 He died in 1409, holding the manor of
Radcliffe, the fourth part of Culcheth, and other
lands ; Richard his son and heir was thirty years of
age.31 Livery was at once granted to the heir," who
was knight of the shire in 1425." He died in or
before 1442," and was succeeded by his son James,86
whose son John followed and died in 1485, holding
the manor of Radcliffe and the advowson of the church,
and various other manors and lands ; the heir, his
son Richard, was thirty-one years of age."

Richard Radcliffe died 8 June 1502, holding the
manors of Radcliffe, Oswaldtwistle, and Moston, the
moiety of Crumpsall, the fourth part of Culcheth,
and the advowson of Radcliffe Church, with houses,
mills, lands, and rents in those places, and in Low-
ton, Bolton, and Manchester. In 1500 he made a
feoffment of his estates, with reversion after his male
issue to his brothers John and Roger. The manor of
Radcliffe was held of the king as Duke of Lancaster
by the fourth part of a knight's fee and the yearly
rent of 8/. 6</., and its clear annual value was £10.
John his brother and next heir was forty years of age.89
John Radcliffe, who thus succeeded, died 4 April
I5l3,leaving two daughters, and the manor passed to
his nephew John son of Roger Radcliffe, fourteen
years of age.83 The wardship of the heir was early
in the next year given to Queen Katherine,40 but he
died in 1517, before attaining his majority." There-

MSS. it is stated that Ralph, the eldest
son of Robert, elder brother of William,
dying childless, left Radcliffe to his uncle
William. It appears, however, that in
1309 the family manors of Radcliffe, Os-
waldtwistle, and Quarlton were settled on
William son of Richard de Radcliffe by
Richard son of Robert de Radcliffe, with
remainder to Richard son of William ;
Final Cane, ii, 5.

In 1323 William son of Richard de
Radcliffe was defendant in a claim by John
son of Richard de Radcliffe regarding a
tenement in Radcliffe ; Assize R. 425,
m. i. He was returned by the sheriff
in 1324 as one of those having lands over
£15 annual value ; Palgrave, Part. Writs,
ii, 1319. As appears by a previous note,
he died before 1333.

"8 Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146.

In 1344 it appears that Richard de Rad-
cliffe was the husband of Isabel daughter
and co-heir of John son of Michael de
Harcla ; De Banco R. 340, m. 400.

In 1347 William son of Robert de
Radcliffe and Richard de Reddish com-
plained that Richard son of William de
Radcliffe and his feoffees had disseised
them of the manors of Radcliffe and
Prestwich, and various lands there and in
Edgeworth and Oswaldtwistle. It appeared
that the plaintiffs had been enfcoffed by
Richard in 1342, and that he had recently
made a new feoffment ; Assize R. 1435,
i8d. See farther under Prestwich.

29 About 1355 livery was granted to
Richard de Radcliffe of a messuage and
12 acres in Radcliffe seized into the
duke's hands, because Adam de Radcliffe,
who had held them of Richard, was
hanged for felony, the duke having had
his year and day and waste therein ; Dtp.
Keeper" i Rep. xxxii, App. 344. In 1365
licence was granted by the bishop for the
oratories of Richard de Radcliffe at Rad-
cliffe and elsewhere ; Lich. Epis. Reg. v,
fol. lib. In 1369 Richard son of William
de Radcliffe and Isabel his wife were
concerned in a settlement of Prestwich
manor ; Final Cone, ii, 176.

80 So in the pedigree referred to above.
Whitaker gives the descent as follows,
from a deed in the church chest at Black-
bum, written about 1514 : Richard de
Radcliffe the old — s. William — s.
Richard — s. William — s. James — s.
Richard — s. James — s. John — s.
Roger — s. John (then under age) ;
Wballey, ii, 290. A William de Rad-
cliffe, perhaps the father of James, was
sheriff in 1357-8; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 6, m. 3.

81 Cal. Pat. 1401-3, p. 255 ; it is
printed in full by Whitaker ; ffhalley, ii,
291. The hall is the alleged scene of
the events related in ' Lady Isabel's
Tragedy, or the Stepmother's Cruelty,' a
ballad in Percy's Reliquet ; the stepmother
is said to have made the cook kill her hus-
band's only daughter (Ellen or Isabel) and
serve her up in a pie, which was ready on
his return. A scullion boy, who had
offered himself as a substitute, revealed
the iniquity and was made heir ; Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. vii, 282.

83 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 94.
The service for Radcliffe was the half and
tenth part of a knight's fee, and 81. 8</. a
year. Lands in Harwood went to Henry
de Radcliffe. From a later inquisition it
appears that Henry was the son of James,
and ancestor of the Radcliffes of Frams-
den in Suffolk, who became extinct in
the male line in 1527. The heir male
was then Robert Radcliffe, Lord Fitz
Walter, who also inherited Radcliffe, his
pedigree being given as son of John Lord
Fitz Walter, son of Sir John Radcliffe,
son of John Radcliffe, son of James and
brother of Henry; ibid, ii, 152. In
another version of inquisition the grant
to Henry de Radcliffe is recited ; the re-
mainders, after Henry son of James, were
to Richard, John, Peter, William, and
Roger, brothers of Henry, and then to
Richard son of Thomas de Radcliffe of
Winmarleigh ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
vi, 45.

48 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 8.

84 Pink and Beaven, Part. Repre. of
Lanes. 52. This seems to have been about
the only service of the kind rendered
by this family.

85 The inquisition, taken in 1441-2,
shows him to have held the manors of
Radcliffe, Oswaldtwistle and Culcheth
(part), and the advowson of Radcliffe ;
Harl. MS. 2085, fol. 446 b.

86 In 1445-6 James son of Richard
de Radcliffe held the half and the twen-
tieth part of a knight's fee, viz. the manor
of Radcliffe ; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, 2/20.

87 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
1 20-2. The manor of Radcliffe was said
to be held of the king as duke by knight's
service and a rent of icu. Robert Rad-
cliffe and others held lands of Richard
Radcliffe by a rent of 1 3*., and Richard
held of the crown by knight's service and
id. rent. The other manors were Os-
waldtwistle and part of Culcheth.

Shortly afterwards Isabel widow of
John Radcliffe, and John Radcliffe her

59

son, and Henry Radcliffe, another son of
the deceased, as executors, complained
that George Ainsworth and others had cut
down and carried off 200 thraves of oats
at Oswaldtwistle ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
63, m. 4.

Richard Radcliffe was in 1498 called
upon to show by what warrant he claimed
waifs and strays, &c., and free warren on
his manors of Radcliffe and Oswaldtwistle ;
Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton. 1 3 Hen. VII.

A feoffment of the manors was made
by Richard Radcliffe in 1500; Final
Cone, iii, 149. For some reason a special
licence of entry on all his lands was given
him in 1501 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix,
App. 558.

88 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 98.
His will is given. Bequests were made
to his wife Alice and his brothers ; an
honest chaplain was to be provided to
celebrate divine service in the church of
Radcliffe for seven years next after his
death. The widow received as dower
lands in Culcheth, Crumpsall, Moston, and
Lowton of the yearly value of £40 3*.

89 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 7.
In 1505-6 he made a settlement of his
manors and lands, and in 1511 pro-
vided for the jointure of his wife Anne.
His will, dated 24 November 1512, is
given in full ; by it he set apart 6 J marks
a year for ' a sad, discreet and well-dis-
posed ' priest to pray in Radcliffe Church
for the souls of the testator, his parents
and brothers, &c., during the nonage of
the heir male. He provided for his bas-
tard son John, and his two daughters
Ellen and Agnes ; also for the four
daughters of his brother Roger — Ellen,
Isabel, Agnes, and Elizabeth. Should his
nephew John die without male issue, the
manors, &c., were to descend in succession
to the male heirs of Robert Radcliffe
(son of) « the late Lord Fitz Walter, which
deceased at Calais ' — having been attainted
for participating in the Perkin Warbeck
attempt, and beheaded in 1496 ; of
Thomas Radcliffe, lately lord of Frams-
den ; of Thomas Radcliffe, sometime
lord of Winmarleigh ; and of William
Radcliffe, sometime lord of OrdsalL The
clear annual value of Radcliffe Manor was
£40 ; the tenure is stated as in previous
inquisitions.

It appears from the inquisitions that
the Radcliffes of Ordsall held a few acres
in Radcliffe, but the tenure is not stated.

40 On I Feb. 1513-14 ; Dep. Keeper's
Rep. xxxix, App. 558.

41 Writ of Diem clausit extr. issued
3 Sept. 1517; Towneley MS. CC. no.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

nnn

upon the family manors, in accordance with the
settlement made by his uncle John, came into the
hands of Robert Radcliffe, Lord Fitz Walter, created
Viscount Fitz Walter in 1525 and Earl of Sussex in
1529." Radcliffe descended to his son Henry43 and
grandson Thomas, second and third earls, but the last-
named, who died without surviving issue in 1583,"
sold Radcliffe and the other Lancashire manors and
lands. Radcliffe was in 1561 purchased from him
by Richard Assheton, lord of the adjoining manor of
Middleton,48 and descended with the latter until
1 765, when the Assheton estates were divided between
the two daughters of Sir Ralph Assheton.46 One of
these, Eleanor, married Sir Thomas Egerton of
Heaton, afterwards Lord Grey de Wilton, and the
manor of Radcliffe appears to have been included
in her share.47 It has since descended with the
Wilton estates, the present
lord being Sir Frederick John-
stone, by demise of the Earl
of Wilton.48 A court-baron
used to be held on the first
Friday in April.49

The ruins of Radcliffe Tower
stand about 200 yds. south-
west of the church and in-
closed within a farmyard. The
house was of timber construc-
tion, and seems to have con-
sisted of a main block standing
east and west, with a west
wing, which may have been an
addition to the original build-
ing, and a stone tower at
the east. No authentic record of the plan of the
building, however, remains, the chief source of in-
formation concerning the structure being the descrip-
tion of it given by Whitaker in his History ofWkalley,
together with a view of the north or principal front
of the hall made in lySi.50 This latter shows a
two-storied house of timber and plaster with gabled
roofs of the usual type. The stone-built wing, or
tower, then in a state of ruin, is the only part of the
building now remaining. The rest of the house was

JOHNSTONE, Baronet.
Argent a saltire sable,
on a chief gules three
cushions or, in base a
man's heart ensigned "with
an imperial crown pro-
per.

allowed to fall into decay, and was taken down in the
early part of the igth century.

The position of Radcliffe Tower, like that of the
church, is one naturally of defence, being built in the
centre of a bend of the River Irwell. The ground
within the bend is flat and low-lying, but the river
itself, being on three sides of the house at a distance
of only about quarter of a mile, would afford sufficient
protection to account for the absence of a moat to the
house. The present stone-built tower probably be-
longs to 1403, being erected in accordance with the
licence recorded above, and had a contemporary
timber building adjoining it on the west side. It
is difficult to reconcile the provisions of the licence
of 1403 with the existing remains, as it seems clear
that there was no stone hall in connexion with this
tower. Of the second tower nothing can be said, and
if it was ever built, no trace or tradition of it remains.

The great hall, which was doubtless the building
which left its roof-line on the ruined tower, occupied
the east part of the main block, and according to
Whitaker was 42 ft. 2 in. in length, and in one part
26ft. and in another 28 ft. in width.51 It had an
open-timbered roof supported by two massive princi-
pals, which are described by Whitaker as the 'most
curious specimens of carved oak work I have ever
seen.' They appear to have been, however, of a not
unusual type. At the east end of the hall was a door,
which still remains, opening into the basement of the
tower, and higher up in the wall another door, also
still in existence, which led into the chamber above.
At the west end of the hall were the kitchen and
servants' apartments, and in Whitaker's time there
were still to be seen ' the remains of a doorway
opening into what was once a staircase, and leading
to a large chamber above the kitchen, the approach to
which beneath was by a door of massy oak pointed at
the top. The kitchen and apartment above stood at
right angles to the top of the hall, and are separated
from it by a wall of oak work. The chamber is 3 8 ft.
long by 1 8 ft. 5 in., and has two massy arches of oak
without mouldings, but an oaken cornice mould like
those in the hall, the floor of thick oaken planks.'
On the south side of the hall were the remains of a

802. He held the manors, &c., as before ;
the heirs general were his four sisters
named above, and the heir male was
Robert Radcliffe, Lord Fitz Walter;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 8.

Lord Fitz Walter on succeeding found
that many of the charters were in the
hands of Thurstan Tyldesley, as executor
of the John Radcliffe who died in 1513 ;
but Thurstan professed his willingness to
deliver them up, as soon as he was assured
as to the heir ; Duchy of Lane. Plead.
xiz, R. i.

43 The descent has been given in a
preceding note. For this branch see
G.E.C. Complete Peerage, iii, 371, 372 ;
vii, 334-6. There are accounts of John
Radcliffe, Lord Fitz Walter, and of the
Earls of Sussex in Diet. Nat. Biog.
Robert, Earl of Sussex, was Lord Lieu-
tenant of Lancashire in 1537 and high
steward of the Duchy in 1539 and 1540.
He died in 1542, holding the manors of
Radcliffe at Tower, Moston, and Crump-
sail, and leaving a son and heir Henry,
aged twenty-five and more ; Chan. Inq.
p.m. 66 (38), E. file 643 (18).
, *» He died 17 Feb. 1556-7 ; ibid.

•** Ibid. His second wife, Frances

Sidney, survived him and bequeathed funds
for the foundation of Sidney-Sussex Col-
lege, Cambridge.

48 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33,
m. 3. The estate is described as the
manor of Radcliffe, otherwise 'Radcliffe
Tower,' with the appurtenances, and of 100
messuages, 100 cottages, 40 tofts, 4 water-
mills, a fulling-mill, four dovecotes, 200
gardens, 2,000 acres of land, 1,000 acres
of meadow, 2,000 acres of pasture, 100
acres of wood, 200 acres of marsh, 1,000
acres of furze and heath, and ^10 rent in
Radcliffe, Bolton, and Manchester, and
the advowson of the church of Radcliffe.
The sum named in the fine is 2,000
marks.

In 1 5 64 Richard Assheton had to make
a further arrangement with Richard Blunt
and Margaret his wife regarding the manor
of Radcliffe, he paying them £1,000 ;
ibid. bdle. 26, m. 256. A deed between
Richard Blunt and Gilbert Gerard con-
cerning Radcliffe was enrolled in the
Common Pleas, Easter, 1564.

The manor of Radcliffe or Radcliffe
Tower was in 1582 included in a settle-
ment of the Middleton estates made by
Richard Assheton and Mary his wife ;

60

Pal. of Lane. Feet of F., bdle. 44, m. 73.
Similar settlements were made later, down
to 1721; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 512, m. 3.
See also Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 105-7.

46 See the account of Middleton.

*7 In 1766 there was a settlement
of a moiety of the manors of Middleton
and Radcliffe upon Harbord Harbord
and Mary his wife; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 375, m. 153. This was fol-
lowed in 1771 by a similar settlement
of the other moiety upon Sir Thomas
Egerton and Mary his wife ; ibid, bdle,
385, m. 246. Shortly afterwards a
division was arranged, Lord Grey de
Wilton alone presenting to the rectory
in 1784.

48 See the account of Heaton in Prest-
wich.

49 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 7.

60 Drawn by H. Wyatt, lithographed
by J. Ford, Manchester, 1823.

81 His view of the interior, however
(1801), exaggerates the length, but this
defect of the drawing was afterwards
remedied, and a view ' with the erroneous
perspective corrected ' published in the
Gent. Mag. for July 1 840.

RADCLIFFE TOWER FROM THE NORTH-WEST

RADCLIFFE TOWER FROM THE SOUTH-WEST

SALFORD HUNDRED

square-headed window - frame in oak with Gothic
tracery.

In 1833 the fabric, except the tower, was described
as of 'brick inclosed in squares of wood,'51 and the
large chamber above the kitchen had been converted
into two rooms. The building was then supported
by ' substantial buttresses ' ; but where such supports
were wanting the walls had fallen. The great hall
was then used as a hayloft and cowshed. The ancient
timber framework had apparently by that time been
filled in with brick, and the whole structure was in a
state of ruin and dilapidation. It had been taken
down before 1844, and the materials, described as
* chiefly beams and planks of solid black oak,' used for
building purposes.

The stone tower, the bottom part of which is
still standing, is 50 ft. in length and 28 ft. in width.
These measurements are external, the greater length

PLAN OF RADCLIFFE TOWER

being from north to south. The walls are 5 ft. thick
all round above the plinth, which has a projection of
1 2 in. The tower was probably of two stories, with
an embattled parapet ; but the upper part has now
almost entirely disappeared, only portions of the walls
above the level of the first floor being still in situ, the
rest having crumbled away in comparatively recent
years. The walls being quite exposed to the weather
at the top this process of gradual disintegration of the
structure is likely to continue. The lower room of
the tower was originally covered by a semicircular
barrel vault, the springing of which at each side may
still be seen. Some portion of this vault was standing
as late as 1 844, when Samuel Bamford, who visited
the tower in that year, described it as hanging by a
single stone, and ' unless it be protected from further
wanton outrage must soon share the fate of the hall.'53
The spring of the vault is about 5 ft. from the ground,
which would make the height of the apartment about
1 5 ft. It was lit at each end by a window high up
in the wall, and on the east side by two smaller win-
dows nearer the ground. The entrance on the west
side is through a pointed doorway, 4 ft. wide, the
jambs and head of which have a continuous double
chamfer. The chief feature of this lower room of
the tower, however, consists of three large arched
openings about 10 ft. in width, one at each end and
the other in the middle of the east wall opposite the
entrance. They have an inner and outer arch, 1 5 in.

RADCLIFFE

in thickness at the wall faces, with a space between of
2 ft. 6 in., from the centre of which a square flue is
carried up in the thickness of the wall. The outer
arch was built up on the outside, the plinth being
carried across the blocking wall at the line of the
springing, about 4 ft. 3 in. from the ground. From
the evidence of the masonry this is part of the original
work done at the time of building. The height to
the top of the arch, which is pointed and built of
voussoirs, is about 9 ft. It seems most reasonable to
regard these openings as fireplaces, and that at the
north end of the room is still in its original state.
The other two have been opened out, and are now
open archways, that in the south side forming the
principal entrance to the tower, which is used for
store purposes in connexion with the adjoining farm
and roofed with wood. The east archway now gives
access to a wooden shed built along that side of the
tower. The north and south fireplaces are not in the
middle of the end walls, but immediately against the
west side of the building. The presence of three
such fireplaces in so comparatively small an apartment
would at first sight suggest that the room had been
used as a kitchen, but this is unlikely if the tower
were used, as it appears to have been, as the part of
the house allotted to the family. The three square
flues are still well preserved in the walls, the stones
of that on the south side yet showing a calcined
surface.

The room above was approached by a stone stair-
case in the thickness of the wall at the south end of
the west wall, leading out of the great hall at a height
of about 7 ft. 6 in. above the floor. The doorway
to this staircase has a pointed head, and the wall is
thickened to 6 ft. at this point to allow of room for
the stairs. The steps are still in position, along with
the sill of a small two-light window which lit the
landing at their head. There is an ordinary fireplace
opening on the first floor 7 ft. wide in the centre of
the west wall.

The outer walls of the tower are constructed of
heavy blocks of coursed stone on the north, south,
and east sides, and for a distance of about 1 2 ft. on
the north end of the west side. At this point the
plinth stops, and the coursed masonry leaves off at the
height of the sill of the doorway of the upper room.
The point where the ashlar ceases marks the line of
the front of the timber-built hall, the line of the roof
of which may still be seen on the rough walling at
the west side of the tower. On this side the centre
portion of the wall yet stands nearly 30 ft. above the
ground, though the end walls of the building are
reduced to something like half that height. About
midway in the height of the west wall, 1 5 ft. 3 in.
from the ground, and formerly the end wall of the
great hall, is a projecting string-course, which stops at
either end at the line of the ancient roof.

In 1592 the Earl of Derby sent certain widows,
who were recusants, to prison in the tower, it being
'withinland and in the hundred where the people
are well affected.' M

Junior branches of the local family occur from time
to time. In 1357 Robert son of Adam de Radcliffe
made a claim against Adam son of William de
Radcliffe.55

58 Butterworth for Baines, Land.
58 A woodcut in The Pictorial Hittory
of Lane. 260 (1844), shows part of the

vault still standing. The stairs to the
chamber were cut from solid blocks of
oak ; Mane A. Guard. 1844 and 1888.

61

54 Cal. S.P. Dam. 1591-4, p. 288.
Mrs. Anne Hoghton was one of them.
85 Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 5, m. 10 d.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Robert Radcliffe had messuages and lands in Rad-
cliffe and Sharpies in 1 5 Sg,56 and a further estate in
the same places was the subject of agreement between
James Radcliffe and Robert Radcliffe the elder in
1595." The elder and younger Robert were free-
holders in i6oo.68 It was probably the younger
Robert who died in 1617, holding messuages in
Radcliffe of Sir Richard Assheton in socage by I zd.
rent, and having other property in Manchester and
Salford.59 Edward Radcliffe, the son and heir, was
twelve years of age, and was living in 1665, when a
pedigree was recorded — Radcliffe of Radcliffe Bridge.60

Alexander Radcliffe of Leigh, who recorded a pedi-
gree at the same visitation, in 1680 purchased Edward
Radcliffe's estate in Radcliffe, which his descendants
continue to hold.61 The land-tax return of 1788
shows that Mr. Radcliffe paid about a thirtieth of the
tax. Lord Grey de Wilton paid nearly half. The
rest of the land was in small holdings.6*

<O 30

S

1

-a*

NORTH

TRANSEPT

VESTRY

1 MORTH AISLE

r

PLAN OF RADCLIFFE CHURCH

A few other families occur from time to time —
Openshaw,63 Wroe,64 and Hardman.65 In 1688 the
principal inhabitants were Gervase Staynrod, Henry
Coulborne, John Allen, and Roger Walker.66

Land called Nickerhole in the south-west of the
township was in the i6th century the subject of
several disputes.67

An Inclosure Act for Radcliffe and Ainsworth was
passed in 1809, and an award made in I8I2.68

The church of ST. S4RTHOLO-
CHURCH MEW* stands at the east side of the
town in the centre of a bend of the
River Irwell, the ground between which and the
church on the south side still remains open as field
and pasture. The building consists of chancel 23 ft.
by 1 9 ft., with vestry on the north side and chapel
on the south, each 22 ft. 6 in. by 21 ft.; nave 36 ft.
by 20 ft., north and south transepts each 2 1 ft. 6 in.
by 1 8 ft., north aisle 1 2 ft. 6 in. wide, south aisle
2 1 ft. wide, and western tower

^ 1 2 ft. 6 in. by 1 2 ft. All these

measurements are internal.

A great deal of alteration
and rebuilding, done in the
1 9th century, has made the
whole of the outside of the
church, with the exception
of the tower, of modern date ;
but it still preserves to a large
extent its ancient appearance.
The history of this later work
may be thus summarized : In
1817 the chancel and vestry
were rebuilt ; in 1 846 the
north transept was recon-
structed, an organ chamber
built on the north side of the
chancel, the south porch re-
moved, and a west door opened
out in the tower ; in 1870-3
the building underwent a very
thorough restoration, when
the clearstory was taken down
and rebuilt and a new roof
constructed, the south aisle

68 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51,
m. 125. 67 Ibid. bdle. 57, m. 23.

68 Mite. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 247.

49 Lanes. Inq, p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 75. James Radcliffe of
Sharpies was one of the jurors.

60 Dugdale, Vhit. (Chet. Soc.), 239.

61 Richard Radcliffe of Leigh — s.
Thomas — ». Alexander, d. 1 646 — s.
Alexander, d. 1700 — s. John, d. 1700

— s. John, Recorder of Liverpool, d. 1 744

— ». Alexander, Recorder of Wigan, d.
1786 — s. John, d. 1799 — s. Thomas
Hayward, d. 1829 — t. John, d. 1845 —
dau. Frances, d. 1897. She married
James Darlington and had several sons
and daughters ; information of Mr. R. D.
Radcliffe.

68 Land Tax returns at Preston. This
Radcliffe family is named in Baines,
Lanes, (ed. 1836), in, 7.

68 James Openshaw appears to have
sold lands in Radcliffe in 1558, and pur-
chased others in 1565 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 20, m. 69 ; 27, m. 115 ;
Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 250.

John Openshaw, who died in 1638,
held two messuages and lands in Rad-
cliffe of Ralph Assheton of Middleton ;
John, his son and heir, was thirty-nine
years of age ; Towneley MS. C. 8, 13
(Chet. Lib.), 949.

64 Richard Wroe was a freeholder in
1 600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 249. Dr. Richard Wroe, warden of
Manchester, a benefactor of the poor of
Radcliffe, was probably a descendant of
this family, though said to have been born
in Unsworth ; his grandson will be found
among the rectors.

65 John and James Hardman had a
dispute with Richard Assheton, lord of the
manor, in 1 600 ; Dueatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), iii, 409. Roger Hardman of
Radcliffe was a member of the Bury
Class! s in 1646.

64 Hiit. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,
196. The Aliens and Walkers are later
found among the landowners.

•7 John Harrison leased ' Niberhole '
to Geoffrey Hulme, son of Roger, for
sixty years, but afterwards expelled him
and his family, whereupon Geoffrey in
1557 complained to the Chancellor of the

62

Duchy ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, xxxv, H.
4. A few years later James Harri-
son, as heir of his father John, claimed
land from Geoffrey and John Hulme,
who held by lease from the father ; Du-
catus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 243, 286.
In 1602 John Harrison of Breightmet was
the owner of ' Nytheroll,' and sold it to-
William Petto of Bury, as the latter
alleged ; but John Harrison, together
with Henry Aspinall, Alice Harrison
widow, and Elizabeth Hulme widow,
having obtained divers charters, &c., would
not allow him possession ; Duchy of
Lane. Plead, ccvii, P. 4.

Henry Aspinall of Radcliffe died in
1620 holding a messuage and lands called
' Nicolhole ' of Richard Assheton in socage,
by zi. rent 5 John, his son and heir, was
forty years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 208.

68 Act 49 Geo. Ill, cap. 8. Copies of
the award are preserved at the parish
church and the County Offices, Preston.

69 In 1459 the church was called 'St.
Mary of Radcliffe' ; Lich. Epis. Reg. xii,
fol. ib. 'St. Mary' has been readopted;
lately.

SALFORD HUNDRED

RADCLIFFE

was enlarged, and a new chapel was added on the
south of the chancel; in 1903 the north vestry was
enlarged, the plaster stripped from the walls, and the
interior refaced with Runcorn stone, the floor, which
had been raised 19 in. in 1846, reduced to its original
level, and the arches between the transepts and vestry
and chapel reconstructed. Since then the outside
wall of the south transept has been refaced in red
sandstone and the tracery renewed. The exterior of
the church is built of sandstone, with slated gabled
roofs to all parts except the nave, the roof of which is
of flat pitch and covered with lead. The clearstory,
south aisle, and chapel are finished with square para-
pets, the north aisle, transept, and vestry having over-
hanging eaves.

The oldest details of the building are the piers
supporting the chancel arch, which are of 13th-cen-
tury date, but it is possible that the four angles of the
nave may belong to an older church dating from the
1 2th century. The south wall of the south transept
belongs to the 1 4th century, while the tower arch and
west wall of the nave are probably a century later ;
the nave arcade is of 16th-century date, and the
tower was rebuilt in 1665.

The original church may
have been a rectangular 12th-
century building covering the
area of the present nave, with
a small square-ended chancel.
In the 1 3th century a new
chancel, of which the western
arch still remains, was built
round the former one, and in
the 1 4th century transepts were
added to the nave, their length
suggesting that the nave may
by this time have had aisles.
A tower may have been built
towards the end of the I4th or
beginning of the I5th century
against the end of the original
nave. In the early years of
the 1 6th century the present
nave arcades of two bays, with
the clearstory, were erected,

and the tower, as before state:!, having apparently
become insecure, was rebuilt in 1665, many of the
old stones being used.

The chancel has an east window of three lights
with modern 14th-century tracery, and an open arch
on the north and south sides to the organ chamber
and the south chapel respectively. The chancel arch
is of two plain chamfered orders with a label of 1 3th-
century masonry recently reset, and springs from
half-round piers with a fillet on the face, the capitals
of which have been renewed. The wall above the
chancel arch is probably of I 3th-century construction,
and shows the line of the older roof, which strikes the
side walls at the level of the crowns of the present
nave arches.

The nave arcades are of two bays with pointed
arches resting on responds, and central piers of 16th-
-century date consisting of engaged clustered shafts
with coarsely-moulded capitals and bases, the arch
mouldings being composed of two rounds and a
Jiollow. Over each arcade is a clearstory of square-
headed four-light windows, three on each side. The
nave roof is modern, of flat pitch, but preserving the

features of the older one. It consists of four princi-
pals, one against the tower wall, and one close to the
chancel arch, with moulded ridge and wall pieces and
intermediate ribs in the panels. The corbels carrying
the roof have figures of eight prophets, and the four
central bosses are carved with (i) a ship, (2) the
five wounds, (3) a dove, and (4) a hand.

The north transept, which is entirely rebuilt, has a
pointed window of three lights with curious tracery
of flowing type with an external label. It is appa-
rently original, or at any rate not of recent reproduc-
tion ; but the jambs and head of the window have
been restored. The transept has diagonal angle but-
tresses of two stages, with gabled heads. The north
aisle has a modern three-light square-headed window
on the north with net tracery, and a similar flat-
pointed window at the west end, also modern.

The south transept is now open to the church for
its full depth both on the east and west sides, but its
south wall is of 14th-century date, and has a three-
light pointed window with peculiar tracery into
which two human heads are introduced. The whole
of this wall has been refaced on the outside with red

RADCLIKFE CHURCH : INTERIOR LOOKING EAST

sandstone, and the window tracery renewed. On the
interior the wall retains its ancient facing, and there
is a 14th-century piscina in the south-east corner.

The new south aisle replaces one about I o ft. wide
which was pulled down in the rebuilding of 1872,
and had a south porch over its doorway. It is lighted
at the west end by two two-light windows, and on
the south side by three square-headed traceried win-
dows of two lights each. Similar windows light the
modern south chapel, and there is an external door-
way at its south-west angle.

The tower, which has a vice in the south-west
corner, was rebuilt in the 1 7th century, presumably
carrying out more or less the style of the earlier tower.
The internal arch is of 15th-century date, and consists
of two plain chamfered orders, and the two-light west
window appears to be old work retained in the re-
building. Externally the tower has a rather stumpy
appearance, and its three stages are unmarked by any
horizontal line or string-course. It has diagonal but-
tresses of seven stages, with plain weatherings, and is
finished with an embattled parapet with angle pin-
nacles, and a conical slated roof with a good 1 8th-

63

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

century vane. In the top stage on the north, west,
and south sides are three-light windows. Over the
west door is an ornamental panel with the date 1665,
and the arms of Beswick 70 inscribed RECTOR CAROLUS
BESWICKE. The north side has a two-light square-
headed window on the second stage, immediately
above which is a stone inscribed EDWARD RATCLIFFE
1665, and on the south side of the tower is a stone
bearing the name of Sir Ralph Assheton with the same
date. The clock-dials on the north and west sides
dated 1786 were replaced in 1908. The putlog
holes are a very conspicuous feature.

The fittings are all modern, but at the west end
are two oak seats incorporating portions of the 17th-
century pulpit and reading desk. That on the south
of the tower arch has five inlaid panels : (i) the
date 1606 with the Assheton molet below, (2) the
initials s. R. A. with the Assheton crest (a boar's head

L. s.
erased), (3) the Assheton molet with the letters p.

R. w.
(probably denoting Leonard Shaw and Robert Walk-

den, rectors during the 17th-century alterations), (4)
the initials 1. 1. with a molet between, and (5) the

letters ' ' probably the initials of churchwardens.
On the back of the seat on the north side are the

initials

R.
C. B.

RADCLIFFE CHURCH : FROM THE WEST

and the date 1665, denoting Charles

Beswick, rector, and the inscription, which probably
ran along the upper part of the desk (now in two
lines), ' All my words that I speak unto thee, receive
into thine heart with thine ears. Ezekiel III Chap.
10 verse . . .' The font, which is early modern
Gothic, has a canopy (dated 1858) raised by a chain
pulley and cannon-ball weight. There is no ancient
glass, but Baines, writing in 1833, notices in one of
the north windows the arms of Radcliffe and the head
of a queen. Another window on the north side had
the head of a king, and one of the east windows had
a boar's head in a shield, and in a window to the
west was a painting of St. John the Evangelist with a
chalice in his right hand and a palm in his left.71
All this glass has now disappeared.

Under the altar is an alabaster slab, now very
much defaced, said to be that of James Radcliffe the
builder of Radcliffe Tower, but probably that of the
founder's grandson, the first of the line of Radcliffe
of Langley.7* The figures of a knight and lady
with the heads of their children below can still
be traced, and two shields in the upper part, but
the inscription is illegible. The slab had been
lost when Baines wrote in 1833, but was recovered
in the restorations of 1870-3. One of the shields
has the arms of Radcliffe, and the other is defaced,
but is said to have had those of Langley.73

There are eight bells ; six of these are by Rud-
hall, but were recast in 1 86 1, and two more added.
There is a tradition that they came from Middleton.
The plate consists of a chalice and flagon of
1754, with the maker's mark T.W. ; and a Bir-
mingham paten of 1 898 and'cruet of 1 906. There
is also a chalice similar in design to the first made
by Oliver and Botsford of Manchester, and two
silver-plated patens the gift of Anne Bealey, 1868.
The registers begin in 1559." The tithe maps
are kept in the vestry.

The church existed in the 1 2th
ADVOWSON century, and is first mentioned in
1 202, when William de Radcliffe,
lord of the manor, secured from Roger de Middle-
ton an acknowledgement of his right to present.75
From this time the advowson appears to have
descended with the manor. The only dispute
recorded took place in 1514, when the feoffees of
John Radcliffe were hindered in their right, prob-
ably because the wardship of the heir had been
granted to Queen Katherine.76

The income being very small the benefice was
omitted in the taxation of 1291, but fifty years
later the value of the ninth of the sheaves, wool,
&c., was returned as 33*. 4^." In 1534 the gross
value was found to be £2 1 ^i. 4^., of which 2/. was

7* Gules three bezants, a fesse in chief
or.

71 A drawing of this is given in Baines,
op. cit. (1836), iii, 8 ; (ed. 1889) ii, 429.

73 See note in Baines, Lanes. (1889), ii,
429.

"8 There is an illustration of the slab in
Baines, Lanes. (1836), iii, 9; (1889) ii,

429. Dr. Whitaker gave what he could
decipher of the inscription as ' Orate pr.
aia. Jacobi de RadclifF ... qu ...
p'pietur Deus.'

74 For extracts see W. Nicholls, Hist.
and Trad, of Radcltff?, 92-106.

7s Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 10. An assize of 'last presen-

64

tation ' had been summoned, so that it
would appear at least one rector had been
appointed. On the other hand, as the
parish and manor boundaries coincide, it
is unlikely that the former is older than
the latter.

76 Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 117, m. 7.

77 Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39.

SALFORD HUNDRED

RADCLIFFE

paid to the archdeacon for synodals and procurations/8
The Commonwealth Commissioners in 1650 found the
income to be about £50 a year ; in addition Colonel
Assheton, lord of the manor and patron, had demesne

At the beginning of the next century the value had
risen to .£90, of which more than a third was the
rent of the glebe.80 It is now £950 a year ;81 Sir
Frederick Johnstone, by purchase from the Earl of

lands worth _£i 50 a year for which he paid no tithe.79 Wilton, is at present the patron.

The following is a list of the rectors : —

Institution Name

Robert89

John de Hulton M . .
Richard de Radcliffe M
Roger de Freckleton M
Thomas de Clipston M ,

c. 1240 . . .
oc. 1292 .
14 June 1310
14 Jan. 1318-19
1 8 May 1322
21 Jan. 1363-4 .

i Apr. 1367
1 8 Feb. 1367-8 .
oc. 1374 . . .

Patron

William de Radcliffe

13 Nov. 1389

9 Mar. 1407-8.
31 Jan. 1437-8 •
23 May 1459

6 Aug. 1481

23 Feb. 1483-4 .
1 8 July 1486. .

7 Dec. 1496

14 Nov. 1534

4 Apr. 1538 .

— 1559 . . .

4 Feb. 1583-4 ,

Robert de Newton 87 Richard de Radcliffe

Alexander de Pilkington M . . . "

Richard de Radcliffe 89 .... Richard de Radcliffe

Richard de Clipston *°

John Fitheler91

Roger de Lache B* James de Radcliffe .

Christopher Walker M „ „

Richard Forth M Richard Radcliffe .

Oliver Smethurst 9S James Radcliffe . .

John Bendelouse96 John Radcliffe . .

Thomas Blakelowe 97 ,, „ .

Hugh Radcliffe 98 Richard Radcliffe .

Roger Longworth 99 „ „ .

Richard Beswick 10°

Thomas Mawdsley 10! Earl of Sussex . .

Robert Ashton 10> „ „ . .

John Ashton m

Cause of Vacancy

d. J. de Hulton
exc. R. de Radcliffe
d. R. de Freckleton
d. T. de Clipston
d. R. de Newton
res. A. de Pilkington

exc. with J. Fitheler
d. R. de Lache

d. R. Forth
res. O. Smethnrst
d. J. Bendelouse
d. T. Blakelow
d. H. Radcliffe

d. R. Beswick
res. T. Mawdsley

Leonard Shaw 1M Richard Assheton

d. Joh. Ashton

78 Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226.
The total -was made up of the value of
the glebe-land, 401.; tithe of grain, £8 10*.;
tithe of lambs, &c., linseed and hemp,
and Easter roll, 52*. 40". ; oblations,

&•

'9 Commonwealth Ch. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 29. The glebe-lands
were -worth £20 a year ; rents, 30*. ;
tithes, ^28 ioj. There was no need of
another church, but part of Pilkington
might be joined to the parish, as a number
of the inhabitants used to attend Radcliffe
Church.

80 Gastrell, Notitia Ceitr, (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 158. The glebe, 24 acres, let for £33,
and ten cottages brought in 311. 8</.
There were three churchwardens and two
assistants ; the retiring churchwardens
used to nominate six for the following
year, of whom the rector chose one and
the parishioners two.

81 Mancb. Dioc. Cal.

82 Robert, rector of Radcliffe, attested a
Lacy charter printed by Whitaker,
Wballey, ii, 226, but it may not be the
Lancashire parish.

88 John de Hulton, rector of Radcliffe,
attested a family charter in 1292 ; Hulton
Fed. 2. In 1298 was cited a quitclaim
by John son of David de Hulton, rector
of Radcliffe, to his brother Richard ; De
Banco R. 125, m. nod.

84 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, 8, fol. 58 5 the
bishop granted him 'the custody of the
sequestration ' on 8 May. The previous
rector died on the eve of Palm Sunday.
The new rector was an acolyte ; he was
ordained subdeacon early in the following
year, and deacon in 1315 ; ibid, i, fol.
114, i»3«

85 He exchanged Bury for Radcliffe
with Richard de Radcliffe ; ibid, i, fol.
86.

88 Ibid, ii, fol. 99; the new rector was a
priest.

87 Ibid, iv, fol. 81* ; he is called ' chap-
lain.' He died on the Monday after
St. Gregory, 1366—7.

88 Ibid, iv, fol. 83 ; 'son of Thomas de
Pilkington ; having the first clerical
tonsure." In the following January the
Bishop of Lichfield granted letters dimis-
sory to Alexander de Pilkington, acolyte,
rector of Radcliffe, for his promotion to
all holy orders ; ibid, v, fol. i8£. Alex-
ander resigned a few days afterwards.

89 Ibid, iv, fol. 83 ; he was a priest

90 He may be the same as Richard de
Radcliffe. He was rector in 1374, and
one of the feoffees of Ralph de Langton ;
De Banco R. 456, m. 243 ; Dtp. Keeper" t
Rep. xxxiii, App. 6.

91 He became vicar of Rochdale, and
died in 1402.

98 Lich. Epis. Reg. vi, fol. 54; here called
Roger son of William de Manchester, but
elsewhere Roger de Lache. He had been
vicar of Rochdale since 1369. His will,
dated 28 February 1407-8, and proved a
year later, is printed in Various Coll. (Hist.
MSS. Com.), ii, 16 ; he desired to be
buried at Radcliffe, and in addition to
legacies to friends, he left bequests to the
churches of Radcliffe, Rochdale, Saddle-
worth, and Manchester, and to Upholland
Priory. His books included Stimulus
Conscience, Vite Patrum, Homilies, the
Breviaries, an Ordinale, and a Manuale.

98 Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 96* ; a
' chaplain.'

94 Ibid, ix, fol. 23* ; a priest.

95 Ibid, xii, fol. i b ; a chaplain.

98 Ibid. fol. 113*5 a chaplain. He
granted an annual pension to his prede-
cessor for life ; ibid. fol. 1 14.

W Ibid. fol. 1 1 6b.

98 Ibid. fol. 1 2o£.

65

99 Ibid, xiii, fol. 230; a priest. He
died in or before 1514, when the above-
recorded dispute as to the advowson
occurred ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 117, m. 7.

The succession of rectors is given in
the Coekey Moor Examinations (Chet. Soc.
Misc.), 10.

100 He may have succeeded Longworth
in 1514. His will is printed in Piccope,
Wills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 144; he made a
number of bequests to Middleton Church,
but none to Radcliffe ; his father, Roger
Beswick, is named as executor, together
with John Cowope his brother-in-law,
and Edward and Ralph his brothers.

101 Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii-xiv, fol. 34.
He was chantry priest at Middleton. His
predecessor left him, among other priests,
i6</. to say dirge and mass and pray for
his soul. His own will, dated 1554, is
printed in Raines' Chant, i, 1 24 ; he left
to Radcliffe Church a vestment of baudekin
and flowers. He may have been put into
Radcliffe until his successor was old
enough to be instituted.

103 Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii-xiv, fol. 36^ ; an
acolyte. He became rector of Middleton
in 1541, and is supposed to have resigned
in 1559.

108 Also rector of Middleton, compound-
ing for first-fruits for both on 29 Nov.
1559; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 409. He was
buried at Middleton 9 Oct. 1584.

104 Act Bks. at Chester. Shaw com-
pounded for first-fruits 12 Mar. 1584-5 ;
Lanes, and Ches. Rec. ii, 410. He contri-
buted to the clerical subsidies in 1620,
1622, and 1624; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 54, 66, 80. There is an
unsatisfactory notice of him in Chet. Misc.
( Chet. Soc.), v. He married Mary daugh-
ter of Peter Heywood ; O. Heywood,
Diaries, i, 1 1 6.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Institution
24 May 1624

4 Feb. 1637-8
c. 1644 . .
27 Oct. 1662.

8 June 1698
23 Jan. 1698-9

5 Oct. 1716.
1 8 Mar. 1719

14 July 1724.

6 Apr. 1757

15 Oct. 1757
i Oct. 1784
i Feb. 1839

— 1867 . .
26 June 1896

Name
Robert Walkden 10S . . . .

Peter Shaw,106 M.A

Thomas Pyke,lor B.A

Charles Beswick 108

Charles Pinkney,109 B.A. . . .

Roger Dale110

Edward King,111 M.A. . . .

Henry Lister,11* M.A

William Lawson,113 B.A. . . .
Richard Assheton,114 M.A. . .
Richard Wroe (Walton),1" M.A.
Thomas Foxley,116 M.A. . . .
Nathaniel Milne,117 M.A. . .
Henry Arthur Starkie,118 M.A. .
Stanley Swinburne,119 M.A. . .

Patron

Robert Holt, &c. .
Ralph Assheton

» >•>

Sir Ralph Assheton

Lord Grey de Wilton
Earl of Wilton .

Cause of Vacancy
d. Leon. Shaw
d. R. Walkden

exp. T. Pyke
d. C. Beswick
depr. C. Pinkney
d. Roger Dale
d. E. King
d. H. Lister
d. W. Lawson
res. R. Assheton
res. R. Wroe Walt
d. T. Foxley
res. N. Milne
res. H. A. Starkie

As the benefice was of small value and the people
few, it is probable that even before the Reformation
the clerical staff consisted of the rector and his curate
only.1*0 There was no endowed chantry. Little is
known of the rectors, but some of them may have
been pluralists. The church does not seem to have
been very well furnished in I552.1*1 About this time

the rectors of Radcliffe were also rectors of Middle-
ton,12* but there seems usually to have been a resident
curate. The later resident rectors seem to have
managed without a curate.1*3 As at Middleton a new
rector, a Protestant, appears in 1559, but the reason
is not ascertained.1*4 The later history has been un-
eventful, with the exception of the Commonwealth

105 Compounded for first-fruits 25 May
1624. The institutions from this time
are printed in Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Notes,
from the Inst. Bks. P.R.O. The patrons
in 1624 were Robert Holt, John Grccn-
halgh, and Robert Heywood, by grant
of Sir Richard Assheton ; the Earl of
Nottingham was impropriator. There
must be some error in the last state-
ment.

Robert Walkden was schoolmaster at
Middleton in 1599. He contributed ship-
money, &c., in 1634, and later; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 95,

112.

106 The Church P. at Chester begin
here. Compounded for first-fruits 9 Mar.
1637-8. He was of Trinity Hall and
Magdalene College, Cambridge ; Cooper,
A then. Cantab, ii, 493.

There is a very unfavourable account
of him, alike as to character and conduct,
by Canon Raines in Manch. Fellows (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 135-7. He was fellow from
1634 till 1645, when the chapter was
dissolved by Parliament. Nothing is
known of his subsequent career.

W Possibly of New Inn Hall, Oxford,
B.A., 1634 ; Foster, Alumni. In 1650 it
was recorded that ' about six years ago '
Ralph Assheton of Middleton, patron, had
bestowed the parsonage of Radcliffe, ' with
the benefices and appurtenances thereunto
belonging,' on Mr. Thomas Pyke, B.A.,
who was ' a godly preaching minister, well
qualified in life and conversation ' ; Com-
monwealth Ch. Suri>. 29. He was a mem-
ber of the Bury Classis from its forma-
tion in 1647. The first-fruits, however,
were not paid till 31 Jan. 165x5 Lanct.
and Ches. Rec. ii, 414. He signed the
'Harmonious Consent' of 1648.

After his expulsion from the rectory in
1662 he continued to minister to Non-
conformist congregations in the neigh-
bourhood until his death in 1672 ; Night-
ingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 216. See also
Manch. Classis (Chet. Soc.), iii, 444 ; Bury
Classis, ii, 251, and passim. 'Good Mr.
Pyke' is mentioned in O. Heywood's
Diaries.

108 He had been ordained deacon and
priest on 13 Dec. 1656 by the Bishop of

Ardfert and Aghadoe, and must therefore
have been an episcopalian on principle.
Before his presentation to Radcliffe he had
received the Archbishop of York's licence
to preach in the province ; Stratford's
Visit. List, 1691. He was, however,
found ' conformable ' in 1689 ; Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 230. See Raines,
Byrom Fed. (Chet. Soc.). He rebuilt the
tower and did other reparation in the
church.

In 1665 he made 'bitter complaints'
to the justices regarding 'conventicles,'
but they ' put him off" ; Oliver Heywood,
Diaries, i, 197. He was suspended by the
bishop in 1671, for, though' a scholar and
no mean poet,' he was ' a dissipated and
immoral man ' ; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), iv, 203. He was again in trouble
in 1685, sentence of deprivation being
pronounced ; Church P. at Chester.

Administration of his effects was granted
in 1703.

109 Of Christ's College, Cambridge, B.A.
1683.

110 In 1691 Roger Dale was curate of
Northenden ; he had been curate of Den-
ton ; Booker, Demon, 88. Administration
of his effects was granted in 1716 ; see
Earwaker, East Ches. i, 418.

111 As B.A. of Trinity College, Dublin,
he was admitted a pensioner of St. John's
College, Cambridge, in 1715; M.A. Cam-
bridge, same year ; Admissions St. John's C.
ii, 220. There is a monument to him in
the church.

112 Educated at University College, Ox-
ford, M.A. 1718 ; Foster, Alumni. He
was buried at Radcliffe 21 June 1724.

118 Educated at Brasenose College, Ox-
ford ; B.A. 1711. He bequeathed £10
to the poor. His will shows that he had
a brother Richard, vicar of Bosham, Sus-
sex ; Mr. W. F. Irvine's note.

114 Resigned this benefice for Middleton;
see the account of the rectors of that
parish.

115 Of Brasenose College, Oxford ; M.A.
1725 ; Foster, Alumni. Only son of
Thomas Wroe, fellow of Manchester, and
grandson of Richard Wroe, warden of
Manchester. He succeeded in 1784 to
Marsden Hall, Whalley, and resigned his

66

benefice ; see If ardent of Manch. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 155. In 1763 he wrote as
follows to George Kenyon : ' My friend
Smethurst plays his old game ; he has
sowed his grain in so many different fields
that he has in some of them only nine
riders — a rider is ten sheaves- — in others
nineteen, and *e on. Another litigious
fellow has bound up all his oats into nine
large riders. They will say corn has
usually been set up in riders in this coun-
ty ; but if I do not gather it of these
people in the sheaf I am precluded from
receiving tithe ' ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep.
xiv, App. iv, 499.

116 Son of Thomas Foxley, fellow of Man-
chester. Educated at Manchester Gram-
mar School and Brasenose College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1780. He also held the
curacy of Chowbent in Leigh and the
vicarage of Batley, Yorkshire ; Foster,
Alumni. He resided at Unsworth. In
1824 the parsonage at Radcliffe was
occupied by the Rev. Thomas Parkinson,
who had a school there.

U7 Educated at St. John's College, Cam-
bridge ; M.A. 1835. He restored the
church, adding the north transept. He
died at Leamington in 1892.

U8 Educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
M.A. 1869. Vicar of Padiham 1863 to
1865 ; and of Stainforth 1865 to 1867.

119 Educated at Worcester College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1883. Vicar of St. Mar-
garet's, Prestwich, 1885 to 1891 ; rector
of St. John's, Broughton, Manchester,
1891.

no The Clergy List of 1541-2 (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), and the Visit. Lists
1548 to 1565 mention only a curate in
addition to the rector.

121 Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 18. There
were three sets of vestments, three bells,
two hand-bells, &c

1W From 1547 to 1584.

183 E.g. there was no assistant minister
in 1650. There was one in 1620; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54.

124 The Visitation List names Laurence
Pilkington as curate in 1563, while in
1565 the rector was at Durham, so that
John Ashton appears to have been of the
extremer sort of Protestants

SALFORD HUNDRED

RADCLIFFE

period ; at the beginning of this the rector, Peter
Shaw, disappeared ; at the end of it his successor,
Thomas Pyke, was ejected.

There was a school of some kind in the I 7th cen-
tury, for the schoolmasters are mentioned.125

During the last century a number of places
of worship were erected to accommodate the in-
creasing population. For the Established worship
St. Thomas's, Radcliffe Bridge, was built in 1819
and rebuilt in l86^.,lK and St. Andrew's, Black
Lane, in iSyy;117 the patronage of the first is
now vested, like that of the parish church, in Sir
F. Johnstone, and that of the second in the rector
of Radcliffe.

The Wesleyans,1*8 Primitive Methodists, and Metho-

dist New Connexion have chapels. The Congrega-
tionalists have a chapel, built in iSjz.129 The Baptist
chapel dates from 1880.

The Society of Friends has a meeting-place, erected
in 1892."°

The Roman Catholic church of St. Mary and
St. Philip Neri was built in i894.131

The principal charity is that
CHARITIES founded by James Walsh Howarth
in 1886 ; he bequeathed £3,000,
partly for church purposes, but as to half for the
benefit of the poor.133 The poor also receive £7 from
the benefaction of John Guest,133 and the highways
have 1 5^. from a quarry allotment.134 Some older
gifts have been lost.134

PRESTWICH WITH OLDHAM1

I.

PRESTWICH
GREAT HEATON

LITTLE HEATON

ALKRINGTON

TONGE

PILKINGTON

II.
OLDHAM

CROMPTON

ROYTON

CHADDERTON

This large parish, stretching for 1 3 miles from east
to west, was probably in earlier times still larger, as
the receipt of tithes from part of Tottington in Bury
and the claim to church land in Radcliffe suggest that
Bury and Radcliffe, and therefore Middleton also,
were at one period under the care of the priest or
colony of priests who gave a name to Prestwich.
Not only did the three parishes just named become
independent, but Oldham also, though remaining
nominally a chapelry to the present day, early secured
a practical independence for the eastern part of
the parish.1 Oldham Church is 7 miles from the
parish church. The area of the whole is 22,022^
acres, including Prestwich 9,983 acres, and Oldham
12,039^. The geology of the entire parish is repre-
sented by the Coal Measures, and on the eastward
side of a line drawn from High Crompton to Green-

acres, of the Lower Coal Measures or Gannister
Beds.

The Roman road from Manchester to Ribchester
passed through Prestwich and Pilkington ; that from
Manchester to York passed through the southern part
of Oldham, where Roman coins have been found.5

The parish has no united history. In the western
portion the Pilkingtons ranked among the great
families of the county, until their adherence to
Richard III and the Yorkist side brought about their
overthrow. The other manorial families were either
non-resident or of only local importance.

Though the Elizabethan reformation found the
rector of Prestwich at first reluctantly compliant and
then an avowed opponent, there is little evidence of
opposition to the change of religion ; recusants were
few, and the district soon became strongly Puritan.

145 « Dr. Bon (?) ' in 1639 ; Mite. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 125. Abraham
Mather was licensed in 1662, and re-
mained till his death in 1699 ; Stratford's
Visit. List, 1691. There was no per-
manent endowment ; Gastrell, Notitia, ii,
1 60.

126 A district was assigned to it in 1839 ;
Lond.Gaz,$ July 1839. The old church
was ' on the model of an eastern pagoda ' ;
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 10.

137 A district was assigned in 1878;
Land. Cast. 24 May.

1!» The Wesleyan Chapel, Radcliffe
Close, erected about 1 800, benefited under
the will cf Richard Bealey, conditionally
on 'the usual morning prayers of the
Church of England ' being read ; End.
Char. Reft. 1901, p. 4. St. Paul's Wes-
leyan Chapel, Black Lane, commenced in
hired rooms in 1881 ; church built 1901.

129 Preaching had begun in 1838, but
the present church represents a secession
from Stand Chapel in 1 847 ; a school-
room was opened the following year and
a church formed in 1849 ; Nightingale,
Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 233-7

180 Information of Mr. Robert Mus-
champ, who states that the first meeting
of the Society of Friends at Radcliffe
began in 1676 ; the present one began

in 1886. In 1689 there was a meeting
at John Townson's house in Radcliffe ;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiy, App. iv, 230.

181 The first chapel wa§ opened in
1865, the mission being served from
Ramsbottom. A second chapel was
opened in 1878 ; Kelly, Engl. Cath.
Missions, 326.

us Tnc account of the charities is from
the Endowed Charities Report for Rad-
cliffe, 1901 ; in it is reprinted the re-
port of 1828. Mr. Howarth's other gifts
were £1,500 for the choir and £500 for
the Sunday school treat. The income
of the gift to the poor is called the Aged
Poor Fund, and is distributed by the
churchwardens.

188 An estate in Buersill and Castleton
was left in 1653 by John Guest for the
benefit of the poor of Radcliffe and Middle-
ton. A moiety of the net income, now
£6 141., is paid to the rector of Rad-
cliffe, who gives £z each to the vicars
of St. Thomas's and St Andrew's, and
pays the residue to the poor fund of the
parish church. Formerly the income was
disposed of, according to the testator's
wish, in a distribution of linen to the
poor, and this course is closely followed
by the vicar of St. Andrew's, who gives
flannel.

67

184 At the inclosure made in 1 8 1 2 an acre
of land was appropriated from the common
for a public stone quarry for the repair of
the roads. The suitable material has long
been exhausted, and the land is let at
£8 51. a year, the district council as the
highway authority claiming it.

185 Charities founded by Nicholas Gas-
kell and by William Brown at the
beginning of the iSth century are men-
tioned by Bishop Gastrell in 1718 ; Notitia,
ii, 1 60.

Dr. Wroe in 1718 gave £10 to the
poor, the income to be distributed on
Christmas Day, and William Lawson,
rector, in 1757 bequeathed a further
sum. In 1828 it was supposed that the
capital had been expended in improve-
ments of the Guest estate, £1 of the in-
come from this having for long been
treated separately, but the charities are
now regarded as lost. In 1798 William
Yates left £5 to augment the Christ-
mas charity ; it was lent to Mrs. Bealey
of Worth, who in 1828 paid 5*. a year,
but her representatives had discontinued
the payment before 1862.

1 For parish map see Radcliffe.

9 In the Charity Rep. of 1826 Oldham
is treated as a separate parish.

8 Watkin, Rom. Lanes,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Nevertheless, it is one of the few parishes in which
any resistan:e was made, with a show of popular
support, to the abolition of the Prayer Book and
Episcopacy ; but even this resistance seems to have
been due less to principle than to a strong antipathy
to the domination of the Manchester Classis. In
1662 the rector complied, but the curate of Oldham
was expelled. The chapels at Stand and Greenacres
bear testimony to the existence of convinced Non-
conformists, as does also the Quaker meeting-house at
Royton.4

The Young Pretender's march through the district
has left a trace in the story of the arrest of two of
his officers in Prestwich.5 Volunteers were raised in
1779 and 1803, and again in 1859.*

Under the Redistribution Act of 1885 Prestwich
gives a name to one of the Parliamentary divisions of
south-east Lancashire, returning one member.

The Prestwich part of the parish remained com-
paratively rural till recently ; but some sections have
now become manufacturing, and others have practi-
cally merged in Manchester. The Oldham part, on
the other hand, early felt the manufacturing impulse,
and has steadily gone on increasing its mines and
mills, till it has become the predominant partner.
The following is the present apportionment of agricul-
tural land in the whole parish : Arable land, 3,683
acres ; permanent grass, 11,395 ; woods and planta-
tions, 367. The details are thus given7 : —

Prestwich .
Alkrington .
Tonge
Outwood
Unsworth
Unsworth
Whitefield .
Oldham . .
Crompton .
Royton .
Royton .
Chadderton .

For the County Lay of 1624. Prestwich proper
was divided into two parts, each paying equally, so
that Prestwich and Pilkington each paid £2 12s. \\d.
when the hundred paid j£ioo. Oldham township
paid £l 1 8s. 8</., Royton 19*. 4^., Chadderton and
Crompton £i gs. each, or a fourth part of the con-
tribution from Oldham, which for this purpose was
considered a parish.8 To the more ancient fifteenth,
out of £4.1 I4_r. \d, for the hundred, Prestwich con-
tributed i8/., Pilkington 23*., Oldham ijs., Royton
I is. 4<£, Crompton 13^., and Chadderton 2 is. 8</.9

The church of Sr. MART™ is situated

CHURCH on the south-west side of the town on

an eminence overlooking the valley of

\

Arable

Grass

Woods, &c.

Acres.

Acres.

Acres.

506

1,697

125

113

556

IO

IO

139

—

580

886

213

679

708

16

1,207

294

2

431

622

I

3

1,562

3

2,002

5*

574

—

ii

748

88

1,607

—

the Irwell, set in very picturesque surroundings. It
consists of a chancel with organ chamber and quire
vestry on the north, and a chapel on the south side,
nave with north and south aisles, each with a chapel
at its east end, north and south porches, and west
tower. The main body of the church belongs to the
1 6th century, and the tower to the 1 5 th, while the
whole of the east end, including the chapels at the
end of the aisles, is modern.

The tower presumably belongs to a 15th-century
building whose east wall was about where the chancel
arch now is, and whose width was the same as at
present. This 1 5 th-century church had a chancel
about 34 ft. long occupying the space of the two
eastern bays of the present nave, and a nave of three
bays, the lines of the arcade of which are still re-
tained. The aisles were probably of the present
width, but whether the chapels at their east ends
belonged to this building in the first instance it is
impossible to say. The aisles probably overlapped
the chancel for about 1 5 ft., and may have been
extended and carried further eastward when the
chantries were founded. At some time in the first
half of the 1 6th century the chancel, both arcades of
the nave, and the north and south aisles were rebuilt,
destroying all traces of the former work. The 1 6th-
century church also had a south porch and a low
vestry east of the chancel. There is no record as to
when this rebuilding took place, and the work itself
is of a very plain description, and does not help much
in fixing a date. At first sight the clearstory seems
to be of later date than the arcade, but the evidence
of the building appears to indicate that they were
built at the same period. The rebuilding left the
church pretty much as it was till the restorations and
additions of the igth century, with chapels the full
length of the chancel on each side, and 6 ft. wider than
the north and south aisles. The chancel had a traceried
window of seven lights under a pointed head, possibly
belonging to the 15th-century church. The east
vestry was a low building whose roof was below the
sill of the chancel window and was entered from the
church, as at Sefton, by a door on the south side of
the altar. The south porch was rebuilt in 1756, and
at the same time, according to an inscription upon
the porch, the church ' was raised.' This probably
refers to the raising of the aisle walls in order to
obtain light for the galleries, though there is only
record of one gallery being erected at that time, and
that probably in the north chapel.11 The line of the
original aisle roofs may still be seen outside at the
west end. In 1782 there were some repairs done to
the tower, which was reported to be decaying fast.
In 1803 the east vestry was rebuilt, but it seems to
have been destroyed about 1860 in order to effect a
lengthening of the chancel on its site, having a vestry
on the north side. In the same year the body of the
church was repewed, and in 1872 a new chapel (the

* See also the account of Shaw Chapel.

* See p. 8 1 of the Hist, and Traditions
of Prestivscb (1905), by the Rev. W.
Nicholls, Congregational Minister, who
has also written accounts of Ravenstone-

. dale and Mallerstang Forest.
\ • Ibid. 59-66.
" N 7 Inf. from Bd. of Agric. (1905).

8 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 15,
**.. \ » Ibid. 1 8.

10 The supposed dedication to St. Bar-

tholomew was an error which arose in
the 1 8th century; Booker, Mem. of the
Ch. in Prestvticb, 54 ; Nicholls, op. cit.
67.

11 1756 ; faculty granted to Sir Thomas
Grey Egerton to erect a gallery 26 ft. by
14 ft. at his own expense. 1791 ; faculty
granted to twelve parishioners for erect-
ing a gallery on the north side of the
church 28 ft. front by 15 ft. at east and
12 ft. at west end, and to raise the roof

68

of the north aisle. 1 800 ; faculty granted
to Rev. J. Lyon and others who had
erected [the previous year] a south-west
gallery 1 6 ft. by 12 ft. to let and sell
same, Church-wardens' AccK. (Booker).
None of these measurements fits the
present galleries. The gallery in the
north (Wilton) chapel was taken down
when the chapel was rebuilt. The west
gallery, erected in 1760, was taken down
in 1882.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Birch chapel) was built south of the extended chancel
and at the east end of the south (Lever) chapel, which
•was rebuilt two years later. In 1882-3 the tower
was underpinned and repaired, the roof of the nave
restored, and new roofs put on the north and south
aisles, and in 1888-9 the Wilton (north) chapel was
rebuilt, and a chancel with organ chamber and vestry
on the north side erected, eastward of the line of the
original church.11

The building is constructed of red sandstone, which
has been considerably renewed from time to time, and
the roofs are covered with stone slates. Those of the
original structure, including the aisles, have over-
hanging eaves, but the north and south chapels had
straight parapets, and these have been retained in the
rebuilding, and are also used in the new chancel and
buildings north of it. The chancel has a clearstory,
and the roof is slightly higher than that of the nave.
The organ-chamber on the north is of the full height

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

orders, on octagonal piers with chamfered bases but
without capitals, the inner order dying into the pier
at a height of 1 5 ft. from the floor. The two eastern
bays of the nave occupy the position of the old
chancel, and the third pier from the west on the
north side is wider than the other two, marking the
position of an ancient pier containing the staircase to
the rood-loft. It has been entirely rebuilt, and has a
capital on the south side of which is carved a shield held
by two angels. The original staircase pier was 3 ft. 7 in.
square, and the present pier retains this dimension
from east to west, but is only 2 ft. deep, the width of
the other piers of the nave." In the 16th-century
rebuilding this pier seems to have been left standing
and the new arcade set out westward between it and
the tower. There being no corresponding wide pier
on the south side of the chancel it resulted that in the
setting out of the south arcade the spacing of the
arches was slightly different, and that the piers did

BIRCH

LEVER CHAPEL CHAPEL

PLAN OF PRESTWICH CHURCH

of the chancel, forming a kind of transept, and the
vestry in the angle thus formed north of the chancel
is a lower building of two stories.

The chancel, which measures 40 ft. by 22 ft. 6 in.,
together with the whole of the eastern part of the
building, has no archaeological interest. The east
window is one of seven lights under a segmental
head and with straight uncusped bar tracery above.
A modern pointed arch of two moulded orders
without capitals now divides the chancel from the
nave, and the west half of the chancel has an arch
on each side, that on the north opening to the
organ-chamber, and that on the south to the Birch
chapel.

The nave now consists of five bays with an arcade
of pointed arches on each side, of two chamfered

not come opposite to those on the north side. The
nave, which is about 80 ft. long and 20 ft. 6 in.
wide,14 has a continuous range of two-light square-
headed clearstory windows, and a flat panelled roof
much restored but retaining a good deal of its original
16th-century timber. The Wilton chapel occupies
the two eastern bays of the aisle on the north side,
and being entirely rebuilt in 1888 is of no particular
interest. Its walls are considerably higher than those
of the aisle, and its windows loftier, and it has a
separate open timbered gable roof. The chapel is lit
by three windows of three lights, with plain tracery,
and has a door at its north-west corner. The eastern-
most arch of the nave is new, and springs from
corbelled shafts on each side. The first pier from the
east seems to be the west portion of a former length

13 A plan of the church as it was in
1852 is in Booker, Mem. of the Cb. in
Presftvicb, 54.

18 In the middle of the igth century
the pulpit stood on the south side of this

69

pier, through which access was gained to
it by means of a staircase.

14 The original nave was 48 ft. 6 in.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

of straight wall to the original chancel, and measures
3 ft. loin, on the face, its east half being new. The
west half and the arch on that side are old, and the
pier has on its north face a recess with a pointed head
sunk in the stone above, which was perhaps a cupboard
in the original chapel at the end of the north aisle.
On the south side of the nave a similar pier also marks
the end of the outer wall of the old chancel. The
arch to the east of it is much lower than the other
arches of the nave, and springs from moulded half
capitals on each side, that on the east forming a respond,
and that on the west being set in the eastern part of
the pier. Both capitals are new, but appear to have
been suggested by a mutilated fragment at the back of
the first pier, which may be seen from the gallery in
the Lever chapel. The arch, though apparently of
16th-century date, must have been a later insertion
when the chapel was extended eastward, a blocked
window still visible in the wall above proving it to
have been at one time an outside wall.

The Lever chapel, the floor of which is a foot
above that of the nave, occupies a position on the
south side similar to that of the Wilton chapel on
the north, but has a lean-to roof, plastered between the
spars. It retains its gallery, which has a front of
poor early 19th-century gothic panelling, and is lit
by two four-light windows on the south side. There
is a door with a semi-octagonal porch and gallery stair-
case in the south-west corner, an addition to the plan
of the chapel in its rebuilding of 1874. The nave
aisles proper are 1 2 ft. wide, and have each two
pointed windows opposite the second and third bays
respectively of three cinquefoiled lights with hollow
chamfered mullions running up to the heads. The
north aisle has a doorway opposite the first bay from
the west, with a modern north porch, and at the
west end is lit by a two-light pointed window with
trefoiled lights and quatrefoil over in the style of
the 1 4th century, with external chamfered jambs and
head and without a label, said to be a copy of an old
window formerly in the same position. The south
aisle has a doorway with a four-centred arch, under an
open porch, opposite the first bay, and a three-light
window at the west end. The porch which, as
already stated, was rebuilt in 1756, has a semicircular
arch on imposts, and a stone gable with date and in-
scription. There is a stone bench on each side, and
the door is an old one studded with nails. There are
iron gates to the outer doorway. Each aisle has a
second set of three square-headed windows of three
lights each, placed high up in the wall to light the
galleries. The galleries themselves are good specimens
of 1 8th-century woodwork, with panelled fronts above
a classic cornice. The aisle roofs are modern with
exposed rafters and purlins and curved wind braces.
A stone half-arch is carried across each aisle at the
east end between the chapels and the aisle proper, and
opposite the piers from which the old chancel arch
would spring.

The tower, which is of three stages, is 19 ft.
square outside, and rises 42 ft. above the ridge of the

roof, its total height being 86 ft. It has buttresses of
seven stages with moulded set-offs set square at the
angles, the top and bottom stages having panelled
fronts, and the buttresses finish in gablets under an
embattled parapet. There is an external vice in the
north-east corner to the height of the ringers' story,
finished with an embattled top lighted by quatrefoil
openings. It is entered from the outside, but is a
modern addition, the original staircase having been in
the south-west angle. The tower arch is now opened
out to the nave and the west window exposed. The
arch has two chamfered orders of original masonry,
but the jambs, which have moulded bases and capitals,
are new.1* The west door is a restoration with con-
tinuous mouldings to jambs and head, and a string-
course over. Above there is a new window in the
style of the 1 5th century, of three lights with traceried
head. Above this again in the ringing chamber is a
modern square-headed window of two trefoiled lights,
replacing a smaller single-light window which formerly
lit the chamber already mentioned in the note. The
ringers' room also has a single-light window on the
south side, and above this, facing north, south, and
east, is a clock, placed here in 1 8 1 1 . The north and
south sides of the tower are plain and unrelieved up
to this height, but above the clock is a moulded string-
course on each face. The belfry stage above has a
three-light louvred window on each side with traceried
head and hood-mould, and the tower is crowned by
an embattled and panelled parapet, originally with
angle and intermediate pinnacles, above a moulded
string-course with gargoyles at the angles.16 The
tower has a pyramidal roof covered with grey stone
slates, and a good 18th-century weather vane."

The fittings, including the font and pulpit, are all
modern, but there is an oak chest of 16th-century
date in the vestry with three locks and strong iron
bands, and a good 18th-century brass chandelier in
the nave. The gallery fronts have already been men-
tioned. Booker mentions a penance form in I743.18
The chancel has a carved oak screen and canopied
stalls of good modern workmanship. The organ was
not introduced till i825.19

The church contains but few monuments, and these
for the most part of little interest. The Wilton
chapel was the burial place of the family of the Earl
of Wilton, but the vault was finally closed in 1885.
There was formerly a conspicuous monument to the
first Earl of Wilton (died 1814) and members of his
family in the chapel, but during the rebuilding and
restoration it was removed, and has not been re-
erected.10 The chapel contains memorials to other mem-
bers of the Egerton family, but all are of modern date.*1

In the vestry safe are kept fourteen old deeds re-
lating to the church, eleven on parchment and three,
in the nature of memoranda, on paper. They mostly
refer to relations between the churches of Prestwich
and Oldham, and one is a very interesting contract
for the building of the nave of Oldham Church.
These were recovered by the Rev. J. Booker when
writing his ' Memorials of Prestwich Church/ they

15 Formerly the ringers' chamber
occupied the upper part of the lower stage
of the tower, and there was a smaller
chamber above it from which access was
obtained to the roof of the church.

16 During some repairs in ij%z the
pinnacles were taken down, and have not
been replaced ; Booker, Prestwich.

17 On the battlement is cut : « Thit
roof was repaired in 1763 by the parish.'

18 Op. cit. 37.

19 Booker, op. cit 44. In 1761 Sir
John Prestwich had promised an organ,
but the parishioners were not unanimous
as to accepting it, and it was not given. A

70

bassoon, hautboy, and bass viol were in
use ; ibid. 39, 40.

80 The inscription is given by Booker,
op. cit. 63.

21 A list of all the monumental inscrip-
tions in the church is given in Booker,
pp. 60-70, and the more recent ones in
Geo. Middleton, Annals of Prettwich^ 1902.

RADCLIFFE CHURCH, c. 1850

(From a Drawing by Selim Roth-well)

PRESTWICII CHURCH IN 1850

SALFORD HUNDRED

having been parted with by a former rector and their
existence forgotten.

There is a ring of six bells. Originally there were
four, but in 1721 they were recast into five by
Abraham Rudhall and a sixth by the same founder
added. Of these, two still bear the date 1721, and
four have since been recast, three in the years 1742,
1761, and 1788 respectively, and one, the second bell,
again recast in 1884 by Taylor of Loughborough.

The plate, which is all modern and silver gilt,
consists of a chalice of 1883, another of 1887, and a
third of 1897 ; three patens of 1885, and a flagon of
1880.

The registers begin in 1603, and are complete to
the present time, with the exception of the registers
of marriages, the entries of which cease in October
1658 and are not resumed till January 1661. The
churchwardens' and overseers' accounts begin in
1647 and are continued to the present time."

The churchyard, which is almost encircled by a
number of fine beech trees, lies principally on the
south and west, and was extended in 1824 and again
in 1886. In it is buried Charles Swain, the poet
(died 1874) ; also Henry Wyatt, an artist, who died
in 1840. The oldest gravestone is 1641.

The tithe map is kept at the office of Messrs.
Marchant, Bury.

The old rectory house, called The Deyne, or
Deyne Hall, which stood a little to the north of the
present rectory, was a timber and plaster building,
said to have been originally quadrangular in plan, but
at the time of its demolition in 1837 it consisted of a
centre and two wings, on the H'tyP6 °f plan. In
1 644, when rector Allen was ejected, a portion of the
house was pulled down,*3 and it was never restored to
its original dimensions. The present rectory took its
place in 1840."*

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

The rectory is mentioned early
in the I3th century, and in 1291
its annual value was given as
£1$ I3/. 4</.M Fifty years later the ninth of the
sheaves, wool, &c., was only ten marks.24 At this
time the tithes of half of Tottington in the parish
of Bury were paid to the rector of Prestwich. This
may have been the result of some grant by the lord
of Tottington, or may indicate that originally the
parish also included Bury, Middleton, and Radcliffe.16
The income of the benefice in the time of Henry VIII
was estimated at £46 \s. ^.J.*7 This was probably
much below the real value, for in 1650 the glebe and
tithes of Prestwich were £120 a year, and the tithes
of the chapelry of Oldham, which had then been
made an independent parish, j£i4O.18 By 1720 the
income had risen to £400," by 1792 to £700,*°
and by 1834 to £l>23°*1 ^ ls now returned as
£2,000."

The patronage was vested in the lords of Prestwich
until the death of Sir Robert Langley in 1561, when
on the division of his estates it was given to one of
the co-heirs, Dorothy, wife of James Ashton of
Chadderton.33 In 1710 William Ashton, rector of
the parish and heir male, sold it to Thomas Watson
Wentworth of Wentworth Woodhouse," whose son
Thomas, Earl of Malton, in 1 744 sold it to Dr. John
Griffith, rector from 1752 to 1763. In 1755 it was
sold to James Collins of Knaresborough, and by him
in 1758 to Levett Harris, rector from 1763 to
1783. Two years before his death this rector sold
the advowson to Matthew Lyon of Warrington, whose
son James became rector in 1783. In 1815 the
Marquis of Westminster purchased it and gave it to
his son Thomas, Earl of Wilton.35 It was again sold,
by the present earl, Sir Frederick J. W. Johnstone,
bart., being the patron.36

The following is a list of the rectors : —
Institution Rector

c. 1 200 . . . Thomas jr ....
0.1230 . . . Robert38

Patron

Cause of Vacancy

M G. Middleton, op. cit. Numerous
extracts are given in Booker, Prcstwiicb.
See also an article in Manch. Guardian
Local N. and Q. no. 351.

38 • Ten or fourteen bay* of buildings ' ;
Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy.

2Sa Nicholls, Prestiuich, 139; for view
of the old house see Booker, op. cit. 88.

84 Pope Nicb. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 249.

K Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39. The
details are as follows : Prestwich, zos. ;
Pilkington, zzs. zd. ; half of Tottington,
311. zd. (the other half going to Bury) ;
Chadderton, i6s. 6d. ; Oldham, 23*. zd. ;
Royton, 71. ; Crompton, 1 3*. 4</. It will
be noticed that Heaton, Alkrington, and
Tonge are not named.

86 The upper end of Tottington, with
Musbury, Cowpe Lench, Newhall hey,
Duerdon, Clough, and Graine continue to
pay a moiety of the tithe (or rent charge)
to Prestwich.

Traditionally the gift of these tithes
is attributed to John of Gaunt, who on
one occasion desired the rector of Bury
to say mass for the success of his journey.
Being refused, he asked the same of the
rector of Prestwich, and in return for
his compliance gave the moiety of the
tithes ; W. Nicholls, Prestwicb, 29. John

of Gaunt was only two years old in
1341.

*> Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226.
The rents of the glebe lands were lozs. jd.\
tithes of grain, £24 5». qJ.; other tithes,
£6 os. 8</.; mortuaries, ioj.; Easter offer-
ings, &c., £11 is. The fee of the bailiff
and the synodals and procurations amount-
ed to 151. 4</.

88 Commonwealth Ch. Survey (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 15, 22.

29 Gaitrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 107. There was an established com-
position of ioj. in Ringley and 41. zd. in
Prestolee for corn tithes.

There were then six churchwardens ;
each on retiring nominated two, the rector
choosing one as successor.

80 Aikin, Country round Manch. 235 ;
1 the tithes are for the most part paid by
a moderate composition : zos. per Cheshire
acre for wheat ; 15*. for barley (of which
very little is grown) ; and los. for oats.'

81 Booker, Prestwich, 52.

82 Manch. Dioc. Dir. 1905.

83 See the presentations in 1569 and
later years ; also Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), ii, 318. About 1610, however, it
was stated that 'the patrons in several
courses are Mr. Holland, Mr. [James]

71

Ashton of Chadderton, and Mr. Reddish ' ;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, II.
The advowson of Prestwich was included
in a fine of 1562, James and Dorothy
Ashton being deforciants. Dorothy died
without issue ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xvi, 22. Her husband died in 1612. He
appears to have had an absolute gift of the
advowson, for in 1607, he stood 'lawfully
seised of an estate of inheritance in fee
simple or fee tail of and in the advowson,'
and had granted the next presentation in
1593 to trustees, who were to present
James Ashton of Moulton in Lincoln-
shire ; Raines, D. (Chet. Lib.).

84 Notitia Cestr. loc. cit. ; the price was
,£1,000 in hand and £100 a year for ten
years. A piece of ground called Salters
Croft was conveyed with the advowson.

85 Booker, Prestwich, 53.

86 Manch. Dioc. Dir.

87 He attested a grant of half Denton
by Matthew de Reddish ; Lord Wilton's
deeds.

88 Robert rector of the church of Prest-
wich granted to Richard son of Gilbert
de Scolecroft half the land which Sir
Gilbert de Barton granted to God and B.
Mary the Virgin of Prestwich in the vill
of Chadderton ; Hornby Chap. D.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Institution
oc. 1301 . .

4 May 1301 j
23 Oct. 1302 J

7 Aug. 1316
1 1 Dec. 1320.
15 Oct. 1332 .

26 July 1334.

15 April 1347
29 June 1357
1362-5
13 Sept. 1400

1 8 Mar. 1401-2
28 April 1417
12 Dec. 1417
1 6 Feb. 1435-6
20 Aug. 1445
I May 1493
4 Sept. 1498

Rector
Mr. Matthew de Sholver 39

Mr. William de Marklan 40

Patron

Adam de Prestwich

John called Travers 4I „ .

Richard de Parr u Sir Ric. de Holland .

Nicholas de Traffbrd" .... Thos. son of Adam

Prestwich

Richard de Warton M Thos. son of Adam

Prestwich

Robert de Donington " . . . . Ric. de Radcliffe . .

John de Radcliffe "

Richard de Pilkington " . . . . Ric. de Radcliffe, sen. .

Geoffrey del Fere 48 Rob. de Langley .

Thurstan de Atherton 4* . „ .

Nicholas de Tyldesley*0 .... The King . . . .
Philip Morgan, J.U.D." .... „ . . . .

Thurstan Langley M Robert Langley . .

Peter Langley w „ . .

Ralph Langley M „ . .

Ralph Langley, B.Decr." .... „

Thomas Langley ** „ . l .

de
de

Cause of Vacancy

d. W. de Marklan
res. John Travers
d. R. de Pan-
res. N. de Trafford

d. R. de Warton
d. R. de Donington;

d. R. de Pilkington

d. T. Langley
d. P. Langley
d. R. Langley
d. R. Langley

89 In Feb. 1300-1 the bishop granted
him leave to take part in the obsequies
(stand't in obsequiis) of Roger de Pilkington
until the following Pentecost ; Lich. Epis.
Reg. i, fol. 23. Long afterwards it was
alleged that he had without licence appro-
priated to the church of Prestwich a mes-
suage called Palden in Oldham, and in
1397 and 14.04 his successors were called
upon to account for 10.1. rent which should
have accrued to the Crown for the same ;
L.T.R. Mem. R. 163, xiiij.

40 On 4 May 1301 the bishop entrusted
the church of Prestwich to him for a fort-
night; and again on 23 Oct. 1302 the
administrators of the bishopric granted
him the custody of Prestwich, revocable at
their good pleasure; Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol.
23^, 24. The peculiar licence may have
been due to his illegitimate birth — see the
account of the rectors of Wigan — or to
his possession of another benefice ; for in
1311 Clement V, reciting that William
de Marklan had already been dispensed on
account of illegitimacy so as to be ordained
and hold a benefice, granted him a further
dispensation to hold the rectories of Castle
Donington and Prestwich and the deanery
of Chester in Durham ; Cal. Papal Letters,
ii, 82.

He appears as rector in a suit of 1 304 ;
De Banco R. 149, m. 255.

41 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 6^b. A John
Travers was about the same time rector of
Broughton Astley in the diocese of Ely,
resigning it in 1322 ; Cal. Pat. 1321-24,
pp. 84, 112; the same or another was
Canon of York in 1332; Cal. Papal
Letters, ii, 358. Another John Travers
was a prominent public official ; see Foss,
Judges.

42 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 87^; the bene-
fice had been vacant for a month. The
new rector was an acolyte. In 1324 he
had permission to let his church to farm
for two years ; ibid, ii, fol. jb. He was
plaintiff in 1325 ; De Banco R. 258, m.
418 d.

48 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. io8i ; he
was a clerk.

44 Ibid, ii, fol. 1 09 b ; he was a priest,
and had been vicar of Bolton. The
name is spelt Wauerton at institution and
Wareton at death. He was probably one
of the Wartons of Little Hulton, being a
trustee for William de Warton in 1335 ;

Towneley MS. DD, no. 943. Complaint
was made in 1346 that he had broken
into the close of Henry de Bold at Prest-
wich ; De Banco R. 345, m. 113. At
the same time he claimed an account from
his bailiff William de Parr, who made a
counterclaim, for moneys received in
Prestwich, Middleton, and Bolton-le-
Moors ; ibid. m. 232.

45 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. 120.

46 Ibid, ii, fol. 134; he was a clerk,
ordained sub-deacon in 1358, deacon in
1360, and priest in 1361; ibid, i, fol. 162;
v, fol. 82-3.

4" At Michaelmas 1362 Richard son
of William de Radcliffe claimed against
Richard de Langley the right to present a
fit parson to the church of Prestwich,
then vacant, but was nonsuited for failing
to appear; De Banco R. 411, m. 214 d.
On 7 Nov. 1362 the bishop gave leave to
Richard de Pilkington, rector of Prest-
wich, to be absent for four years attending
the studium generate, and dispensed him in
the form of the constitution ; Lich. Epis.
Reg. v, fol. 7 b. Then on ' 16 KaL Apr.
1365.' Richard de Pilkington, priest, was
admitted to the rectory, vacant by the re-
signation of John de Pilkington, priest ;
ibid, iv, fol. 83. The last name is probably
an error for John de Radcliffe ; but, if so,
the incoming rector had deferred his in-
stitution for three or four years.

He was defendant in a suit for debt at
the end of the reign of Edward III ; De
Banco R. 456, m. 10, 453 ; R. 457, m.
1 86 ; in one place he is called Randle.
He was a brother of Sir Roger de Pilking-
ton ; ibid. R. 460, m. 361 d. 323 d.

Richard de Pilkington died in Aug.
1400.

48 Lich. Reg. vii, fol. 87.

49 Ibid. ; on 24 Jan. 1400-1 the king
sent his mandate to the Bishop of Lich-
field that Thurstan de Atherton should
not be molested in his occupancy of the
church of Prestwich until the king's claim
to the patronage had been proved by pro-
cess of law. From the account of Pendle-
bury it will be seen that though Robert
de Langley came of age in June 1400 he
did not give formal proof of this till 1403,
so that though he was patron of the
rectory and of age, the presentation was
the legal right of the king.

In the record of a suit as to the right of

72

presentation Thurstan is said to have been
the nominee of Robert de Langley. The
pleading, though of some length, it im-
perfect. It gives, but inaccurately, the
rectors from 1302 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. i, m. 13, 14.

80 Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 87^ ,- he was
a clerk. For the presentation see Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 53.

In 1404 he had to defend a claim made
by the Crown to a rent of i oj. from Palden
in Oldham, said to have been acquired
without licence by Master Matthew, a
former rector. Inquiry had been made in
1371, and account had been demanded
from the executors of Robert de Doning-
ton, John de Radcliffe, and Richard de
Pilkington ; L.T.R. Mem. R. 163, xiiij
(21 Ric. II), and 169, xij (5 Hen. IV).

61 Again there was a dispute as to the
presentation. The king presented first ;
Dr. Morgan, one of the royal officials,
afterwards Bishop of Worcester (14 19-3 5),
being put in for the time ; Lich. Epis. Reg.
viii, foL 19.

53 Ibid ; he was a clerk.

63 Ibid, ix, fol. 123 ; a clerk. In or
about 1448 Katherine, widow of Robert
de Langley, and mother of Peter de Lang-
ley late rector of Prestwich, as executor
of the said Peter's will claimed debts from
certain persons ; Pal. of Lane. Writ* of
Assize.

64 Lich. Epis. Reg. ix, foL 127^ ; a clerk.
He was also Warden of Manchester from
1465 to 1481. He rebuilt the chapel at
Oldham. He was brother of the pre-
ceding rector ; see Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 147, and the account of Agecroft.
His will is in P.C.C. i Vox.

*.* Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii, fol. 157. In 1497
he was one of the visitors appointed to
inquire into disorders in the monastery of
Upholland ; ibid, xiii, fol. 236^. Ralph
Langley graduated at Cambridge in 1490
as Bachelor of Decrees (Canon Law) ; he
had had five years' study at Oxford and
Cambridge ; Grace Bk. B (Luard Mem.),
7, 15, 20.

86 Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii, fol. 23153 clerk.
He was ordained priest in 1500 : ibid,
fol. 286*.

It is noticeable that Thomas Langley is
called 'late parson of Prestwich,' and
William Langley 'now parson,' both being
alive, in 1523 ; Raines, Chantries, 43 note.

SALFORD HUNDRED

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

Institution Rector Patron Cause of Vacancy

5 April 1525 . William Langley, M.A.47 .... Rob. Langley . . . . d. T. Langley

28 May 1552 . William Langley58 W. Davenport . . . . d. W. Langley

19 July 1569 . . William Langley, M.A.69 .... James and Dorothy Ashton depr. W. Langley

I o May 1 6 1 1 . John Langley, M.A.60 James Ashton .... res. W. Langley

26 Sept. 1632 . Isaac Allen, M.A.61 Edm. Ashton .... d. J. Langley

30 Oct. 1660. . Edward Kenyon, B.D.M .... „ .... d. I. Allen

— 1668 . . . John Lake, D.D.63 d. E. Kenyon

19 Nov. 1685 . William Ashton, B.D.64 .... Edward Ashton . . . res. Bp. Lake

W Raines, Rectors of Prestwich (Chet.
Soc.), 29, quoting ' Reg. Blythe, Lichfield."
This William Langley was rector in 1534;
Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226. He was
the son of Robert Langley of Agecroft ;
Piccope, frills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 17.

58 Raines, 30, quoting 'Reg. Brid.
Chester," where it is recited that Robert
Langley of Agecroft had in 1542 granted
the next presentation to William Daven-
port of Bramhall, Thomas Holt of Gristle-
hurst, and Geoffrey Shakerley, of whom
the first nominated. First-fruits were
paid on 8 June 1552 ; Lanes, and Ches.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 408,
where will be found dates of payment by
following rectors. Though at first William
Langley conformed to the religious
changes made by Elizabeth, he grew bolder
at length, and was deprived as a recusant
in 1569; Chet. Misc. (Chet. Soc.), v,
17-19, and below.

He had a number of suits respecting
the property of his church, of which the
following short notes may be given here.
At Michaelmas 1555 he complained that
though the rectors had always been seised
of thirteen messuages, two barns, and
1 60 acres of land, meadow and pasture, in
Prestwich and Oldham, Sir Robert Lang-
ley had recently caused the tenants to pay
rents to him and had taken away the
tithe corn in Alkrington and Royton ;
Duchy of Lane. Plead, xxxix, L II ; and
again, xxxvi, L 6. A little later he com-
plained that Sir Robert had broken into
the tithe-barn at Cowleyshaw and seized
the corn therein ; ibid, xxxv, L 3. In
reply to a further complaint by the rector
the tenants in Oldham averred that the
lands claimed belong to Sir Robert, to
whom they had always paid their rents ;
ibid, xxxv, L4, and xxxix, L6. Sir Robert
Langley also appeared as plaintiff respect-
ing the two tithe-barns at Cowleyshaw in
Crompton ; the rector said the barn had
been erected on the waste about 1521, by
his uncle, William Langley, the preceding
rector, with the consent of the owners,
and had always been used for the tithe
corn ; ibid, xxxix, L 9, Liz; Depos.
Ixxv, L i . With respect to the lands in
Oldham the disputes went on after Sir
Robert's death, James Ashton and Dorothy
his wife being defendants ; Duchy of
Lane. Plead, xlix, L 5. Some of these
statements are printed in Duchy Plead,
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 222, 249.

59 Raines, loc. cit. quoting ' Reg. Down-
ham,' where it is stated that James
Ashton of Chadderton and Dorothy his
wife, daughter and co-heir of Sir Robert
Langley, presented. He was 'a preacher ;'
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App.iv, 1 1 . First-
fruits were paid 24 Aug. 1 569. Though or-
dained by Bishop Scott in 1558 (Ordin. Bk.
Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches. 109), he became
a zealous Protestant of the Genevan
school ; Chet. Misc. v, 19-27. He was
buried at Prestwich 14 Oct. 1613 ; and
his widow Anne, on 12 Jan. 1627-8.

The autobiography of the son of his
curate in 1596 (who was a cousin) is

printed in Chet. Misc. (Chet. Soc.), vi,
with introduction and notes by Canon
Raines.

60 Raines, loc. cit. quoting * Reg. Lloyd."
First-fruits were paid 25 Oct. 1611.

He contributed to the clergy subsidies
of 1620 and later; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54, 66. He was
buried at Prestwich 16 Aug. 1632.

61 Raines, loc. cit. quoting ' Reg. Bridge-
man.' First-fruits were paid 6 Oct. 1632.

He was educated at Oxford — Queen's
and Oriel Colleges — graduating as M.A.
in 1618 ; Foster, Alumni. In 1622 he
married Anne, daughter of Richard Ashton
of Chadderton, and thus was connected
with the patron. His wife was buried at
Prestwich 17 Oct. 1634. He contributed
to various subsidies levied from the clergy;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches,), i, 95,

112.

In politics he was Royalist, and objected
to the religious changes made by the
Parliament. His benefice was sequestered
in 1645. From the evidence given before
the committee it appears that he had dis-
suaded his parishioners from bearing arms
for the Parliament, had refused to allow
the bells of the church to be rung as a
signal for the people to assemble to resist
Lord Derby's attack on Manchester,
would not sign the Covenant, as being
against his oath of allegiance ; had objected
to the removal of the font, and defended
the ceremonies in the Book of Common
Prayer. It was fully admitted that his
life was unblamable and his doctrine
sound, that he faithfully discharged his
ministerial functions, and was ' indifferent '
as to the best mode of church govern-
ment ; and that the majority of the
parishioners would prefer him to any other.
In June 1645 he had endeavoured to
secure a vote by the people as to whether
he or Mr. Furness should be rector, but
the churchwardens opposed. In December
the sequestration took effect, but £40 a
year was allowed for his maintenance.
His books and goods were also allowed
him. The document* are given fully in
Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 18-34. He took refuge at
Ripponden in Yorkshire, preaching to a
congregation which ' loved him well ' ;
O. Heywood, Diaries, iv, 7. In 1648 he
made an attempt to regain his church, but
was defeated. About 1650 he petitioned
for the removal of the sequestration, urging
that he had shown 'his good affection to
the Parliament ' by subscribing to its
funds, and had taken the Solemn League
and Covenant ; Manch. Classis, iii, 402-5.
The sequestration seems to have been re-
moved about 1653 ; he returned to Prest-
wich in 1656, and died there just before
the Restoration, being buried 2 Feb.
1659-60. Elizabeth, his widow, was
buried there on 7 April 1661. Some
further notes are given in Local Gleanings
Lanes, and Ches. i, 119. For pedigree see
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 2.

The dates of institution from this time
have been compared with those in the

73

Institution Books, P.R.O. printed in
Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Notes.

62 Son of Roger Kenyon of Parkhead,
Whalley, educated at Manchester and St.
John's College, Cambridge ; fellow, 1653;
B.D. 1663 ; see Admissions St. John's C. i,
92.

He was appointed before the Restora-
tion ; writing to his mother from London
on 4 May 1660, he says : 'The commis-
sioners having heard counsel on both
sides, were fully satisfied with my patron's
right, and proceeded to make trial of my
fitness for the ministry, and thereupon did
approve of me and give me the instru-
ment ' ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App.
iv, 67. Another of his letters is printed,
ibid. 80.

His connexions and training would put
him on the Presbyterian side, but he seemt
to have conformed readily to the restora-
ation of episcopacy and the Prayer-book
services, and held the rectory till his
death. He was buried at Prestwich,
1 8 July 1668. Tablets commemorate
him and his wife Anne, daughter of
Richard Holland of Heaton ; she died
23 Sept. 1706.

88 Son of Thomas Lake, grocer, of
Halifax ; entered St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, in 1637, when thirteen years of
age ; D.D. (by royal mandate), 1661 ; Ad-
missions St. John's C. i, 38. Though a reso-
lute adherent of the king and episcopacy,
he accepted various charges during the
Commonwealth period, including those of
Prestwich and Oldham for a few years,
and the vicarage of Leeds in 1659. In
addition to Prestwich Dr. Lake had other
preferments, becoming Bishop of Sodor and
Man in 1682, and of Bristol in 1684,
when he resigned the rectory. Charles II
in 1682 granted letters patent allowing
the Bishop of Sodor and Man to hold in
commendam the rectory of Prestwich and
the prebend of Fridaythorp in York Min-
ster ; Lanes. Charters (Turner and Coxe),
7. The patron had expected him to resign
on appointment to Sodor and Man, but this
he refused to do for reasons given at length
in a letter to Roger Kenyon ; Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 147 5 see also 153.
He did resign Carlton-in-Lindrick, being
succeeded by William Ashton, who also
followed him at Prestwich.

Later as Bishop of Chichester he refused
to publish the Declaration of Indulgence by
James II, and was one of the famous seven
bishops sent to the Tower in 1688. On
the Revolution he refused the oaths to
William and Mary and was suspended,
but died in Aug. 1689, before the depriva-
tion he anticipated ; see Diet. Nat. Biog.
and a contemporary account in T. Baker's
Hist, of St. John's, Camb, (ed. Mayor), ii,
681-97.

64 He was presented also by the king ;
Act Bks. at Chester. He was son of the
patron ; educated at St. John's College,
Cambridge, of which he was elected
fellow; B.D. 1684. He was also rector
of Carlton-in-Lindrick. His name does
not occur in the list of 'conformable

10

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Institution Rector

6 April 1732 . Richard Goodwin, D.D.65. . .

28 Oct. 1752. . John Griffith, D.D.66 . . . .
9060.1763 . Levett Harris, M. A.67 . . . .

22 Mar. 1783 . James Lyon, M.A.68 . . . .

I Feb. 1837 . Thomas Blackburne, M.A.69 . .

— 1 847 . . John Rushton, D.D.70 ....

— 1852 . . . Henry Mildred Birch, M.A.71 .

— 1884 . . . William Thomas Jones, M.A.78 .

29 Jan. 1900 . . Frederic Wilson Cooper, M.A."

As in the case of most ' family livings,' the incum-
bents of Prestwich call for little notice. Before the
Reformation the most distinguished seems to have
been the Ralph Langley who was also Warden of
Manchester ; and of the later ones, Dr. Lake, one of
the Seven Bishops of 1688. Others, no doubt, like
Isaac Allen and James Lyon, were useful in their time
and place.

The Clergy List of 154.1-2 shows that, in addition
to the rector and one or two chantry priests, there
were five other priests in the parish of Prestwich with
Oldham, two paid by the rector and the others by
private persons.74 The Visitation List of 1548 shows
the rector, his curate, and four other priests at Prest-
wich, one of them — a chantry priest — dying about
that time ; and the curate and three priests at Old-
ham. There was, therefore, a full staff of ten. In
1554 the same nine priests were in the list, but all
do not seem to have attended the visitation. In 1563
the rector and his curate appeared at Prestwich, and
two other priests lived there, but were ' decrepit,' and
are not named again ; and there was a curate at
Oldham. The same three names recur in I565-75
Prestwich at that time is of interest because its rector,

Patron

Lord Malton
John Simpson .
Abraham Balme
James Lyon
Earl Grosvenor
Earl of Wilton .

Sir F. Johnstone

Cause of Vacancy

d. W. Ashton
d. R. Goodwin
d. J. Griffith
d. L. Harris
d. J. Lyon
d. T. Blackburne
res. J. Rushton
res. H. M. Birch
res. W. T. Jones

appointed in 1552, continued under the restora-
tion of the old religion in the following reign, and
then again conformed to the changes made by
Elizabeth.76 However, he did so ' against his con-
science very sore,' and ' grievously repenting ' was
summoned before the Bishop of Chester's commis-
sioners in 1569, and refusing to tamper further
with his convictions, was deprived.77 His successor
was a zealous Protestant. In 1591 he was con-
victed of uttering * unadvised, untrue, and undutiful
speeches ' regarding the queen's ecclesiastical authority,
but protested that he had not intended to suggest
that * the sincere professors of religion ' were per-
secuted by her.78 In the following year he was
under censure for not catechizing and for neglecting
the perambulations.79 He was, however, held in high
respect by the Puritans.80

During the Commonwealth period the parish was
prominent in its opposition to the newly-established
Presbyterian system. The rector was forbidden to
minister and his benefice was sequestrated, but the
ministers who were placed in charge were changed
rapidly ; and the schoolmaster was said to baptize
children according to the old form.81 Rector Allen

clergy* of 1689 (Hist. AfSS. Com. Rep.
xiv, App. iv, 230), nor in the Chester
Visitation List of 1691, the curate,
Archippus Kippax, answering for the
parish. Probably therefore he did not
reside. Ultimately he became the heir of
his family, and, as already stated, he sold
the advowson of Prestwich in 1710. For
his benefactions see Booker, Prestwich,
115. He died 25 Feb. 1731-2, and was
buried three days later in the family
chapel.

55 Son of Samuel Goodwin, farmer, of
Shirland, Derbyshire ; entered St. John's
College, Cambridge, in 1696 ; became
fellow; M.A. 1703; D.D. 1727; Ad-
missions, St. John's C. ii, 140. He gave
£zoo to Shaw Chapel in 1732 ; Booker,
op. cit. 1 1 6. He was a prebendary of
York from 1720 until his death ; Le Neve,
Fasti, iii, 175.

86 Probably of Christ's College, Cam-
bridge ; D.D. 1741 : was also rector of
Eckington in Derbyshire.

87 Of Trinity College, Cambridge ; M.A.
1753. Being in difficulties, and the bene-
fice deeply mortgaged (Baines), he sold the
advowson in 1781. He died at Bradford,
Yorkshire, 17 Dec. 1782.

68 Son of Matthew Lyon, who had
purchased the advowson ; educated at
Warrington and Brasenose College, Oxford;
M.A. 1783. In 1833, to mark the com-
pletion of the fiftieth year of his ministry,
his parishioners held a series of festivities
and made him a presentation of plate ;
his former curates also made a presenta-
tion, and a marble tablet was pkced in the
church, recording ' the affectionate regard
and attachment' he had aroused by 'a

character distinguished alike for simplicity
of manners and integrity of principle,'
and by the conscientious discharge of his
duties.

In 1792 an Act was passed enabling the
rector to grant leases of the glebe for
building purposes.

69 Of Brasenose College, Oxford ; M.A.
1815 ; son of John Blackburne, M.P., of
Hale and Orford. He was vicar of Eccles
from 1818 to 1836.

70 He had been incumbent of New-
church in Pendle from 1825 ; he was
made Archdeacon of Manchester in 1843
and honorary canon in 1849. He resigned
the archdeaconry in 1854 on becoming
vicar of Blackburn.

71 Of King's College, Cambridge; fellow;
M.A. 1847. He was also made a resi-
dentiary canon of Ripon in 1868. He had
been a tutor to the Prince of Wales, and
was chaplain in ordinary to Queen
Victoria. He died soon after resigning
the benefice.

78 Of Pembroke College, Oxford ; M.A.
1858 ; vicar of Tilford, Surrey, 1865-79;
rector of St. Nicholas, Guildford, 1879-84;
hon. canon of Manchester, 1891. He
enlarged the church in 1888-9. He died
in June 1903.

73 Of Keble College, Oxford; M.A.
1888 ; vicar of Longbridge Deverell,
1890 ; vicar of St. Paul's, King Cross,
Halifax, 1897.

74 Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches. 12.

75 From the Visitation Lists at Chester.
Even as late as 1552 the church seems

to have been well provided with bells,
vestments, and other church furniture ;
Church Goods (Chet. Soc.), 41.

74

76 He, however, refused to appear at
the Visitation in 1559 ; Gee, Elizabethan
Clergy. He subscribed to the queen's
supremacy in 1563 ; Ches. SAeaf(^rd Ser.),

', 34-

77 See Canon Raines in Chet. Misc.
above quoted. William Langley averred
' that he would neither minister nor re-
ceive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper,
because it is administered and given against
the order of the Catholic Church.'

78 Ibid. 21, 22. Thomas Cartwright
and other Puritan ministers were im-
prisoned in 1590.

79 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiii, 69.

80 Chet. Misc. v, 23 ; 'old Mr. Langley,
that holy man of God and faithful servant
of Christ in the House of God.' He was
presented at the Visitations of 1601 and
later for not wearing the surplice.

81 See the account of Isaac Allen above.
The following ministers were placed in
charge during his enforced absence : —

1646. Toby Furness, 'a godly and
orthodox divine ' ; Plund. Mins. Accts.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 36. The
popular opposition was manifested by a
number of charges as to his character and
conduct ; these were, at his request, in-
vestigated by the Classis and he was
acquitted ; Booker, Prestwicb, 94-101.
Nevertheless he soon afterwards removed
to Bury.

1649. John Lake, afterwards (1668)
rector ; he was an opponent of the Presby-
terian system, and therefore in constant
trouble with the Classis. About 1651 he
took charge of Oldham, but complaints were
soon made against him for 'malignancy,'
and he left about 1654 ; Mane A. Classis,

SALFORD HUNDRED

regained his place before 1660, and his successor
appears to have become a zealous adherent of the epis-
copal discipline then restored.82

For the next century there is little to record.
Many of the rectors appear to have been non-resident,
a curate having charge. A view of the condition of
the parish in 1778 states that the rector had for
twenty years constantly resided and had kept a curate,
also in constant residence. Seven chapels of ease were
regularly served, each having its minister. At the
parish church there was divine service twice each
Sunday, with sermon each time, and ' on stated
holidays.' Catechizing took place for eight Sundays
in the summer. ' The Sacrament of the Lord's
Supper was duly administered every first Sunday of
the month, besides the great festivals and Good
Friday.' There were chapels for the Presbyterians
and the Methodists, and a few Quakers were known ;
but these Nonconformists were mostly of the lower
ranks. ' Popery ' was represented by eight or ten per-
sons, ' all of lower rank ' ; there was no resident
priest, meeting-place, or school.88 Since then the
conditions have greatly changed, owing especially to
the growth of Oldham, Middleton, and Radcliffe ;
but it is of interest to have this statement of what an

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

18th-century rector thought was an orderly and well-
equipped parish.

Among the curates of Prestwich should be named
the Rev. John Booker, whose histories of this and
other churches are of great value.84

There were formerly two endowed chantries in the
church. At the altar of St. Margaret, on the south
side of the chancel, was the Langley chantry, founded
by Agnes daughter of John Langley of Agecroft,
and wife of Sir Thomas Holt and then of Thomas
Manne.85 The other chantry was founded by Ellis
Hulton.86 At the confiscation the priests were cele-
brating according to their several foundations.

Schools were founded at Oldham in 1606 ; at
Ringley in 1626 ; and at Stand in Pilkington in
1696 ; the last-named belonged to the Protestant
Nonconformists in 1 7 1 8.87

Various charitable endowments ex-
CH4RITIES isted at the date just named.88 For
the Prestwich half of the parish £10
for the poor represents a gift by Sir Thomas Egerton in
I756.89 For the township of Prestwich the principal
endowments are those of the Earl of Wilton in 1814
and Lewis Novelli in 1 844, producing nearly £60 ;
there are also a poor's stock and some special funds.90

iii, 375-95 ; also ii, 1 34, &c. Hisitipend
at Prestwich was £80 a year ; Commonw.
Ch. Sur-v. 15. From this record it ap-
pears that other ministers had been tried
at Prestwich — Langley, Porter, and
Brierley.

1652. Nehemiah Rathband ; Booker,
Prest-wich, 104. In 1656 he moved to
Keighley in Yorkshire ; Manch. Classis,
ii, 227 ; iii, 444.

After Rathband's departure Rector
Allen seems to have regained his church ;
in October 1656 a letter was sent to him
desiring his appearance at the class, but
he paid no attention ; ibid, ii, 252-3.
He thus replied to the summons of the
Classis in 1658: 'We are unsatisfied what
you mean by your church, whether you
mean your church at Manchester, where
your classis is, .or you mean the church
of England. If you mean the church of
Manchester of your association, it is estab-
lished not so much by an ordinance of the
Lords and Commons in Parliament as by
later acts granting the free exercise of reli-
gion in doctrine and worship to all churches
and congregations in their own way. . . But
if your meaning be of the Church of Eng-
land, you are certainly mistaken and dare
not maintain it that the Protector or his
Council own presbytery and none but that
government'; Booker, Presnvich, 92,
quoting his Excommunicatio Excommunicata,
294-5. An accommodation was attempted;
Manch. Classis, iii, 296-9.

Mr. Birch, the schoolmaster, who said
he was a deacon, continued to defy the
Classis down to 1649, baptizing children
and performing other ministerial acts ;
Manch. Classis, i, 47 ; ii, 101, 109, &c.

In August 1657 John Angier and
William Coulburne were ordained at
Prestwich church ; ' Mr. Meeke began
with prayer, Mr. Newcome preached,
Mr. Harrison prayed after, Mr. Newcome
(for Mr. Heyrick) propounded the ques-
tions and gave the exhortation ' ; Manch.
Classis, ii, 269. It does not appear that
Mr. Allen was present.

82 Edward Kenyon is mentioned a
number of times in Newcome's Diary
(Chet. Soc.), showing that he was friendly
with the Nonconformist divine ; but in

the case of Mr. Constantine of Oldham,
ejected in 1662, he gave no satisfaction.
'Some men have a strange measure of
stiffness ; alas, what a temptation is this
wretched world ! " remarks Newcome,

220.

The churchwardens' accounts show that
the king's arms were set up in 1660 ;
while a surplice and linen table-cloth were
purchased in 1662, when also a ttone
font was again set up ; Booker, Preitivich,
23, 24.

88 Booker, Prestwich, 82-8. The
curate's salary was £c,o a year. A list
of the curates is given in the same work,
118-31.

84 He was of Magdalene College, Cam-
bridge ; B.A. 1844, M.A. 1855. He was
ordained in the former year, and after
serving various curacies, including Prest-
wich from 1848 to 1858, was appointed
perpetual curate of Benhilton, Surrey, in
1863. He published Mem. of the Ch, in
Prestwicb in 1852 ; a Hist, of the Ancient
Chapel of Blackley, 1854; and through the
Chetham Society, Hist, of the Chapelt of
Denton, Didsbury, Chorlton, and Birch,
1855-8. He married the daughter of
Dr. Lee, first Bishop of Manchester. He
resigned his benefice in 1895, and died
two years later.

8i Raines, Chantries (Chet. Soc.), ii,
190-3. The endowment consisted of
burgages in Manchester, and tenements
in Halifax and Altrincham ; the net
revenue was j6s, %d. The priest, John
Hall, is named in the Visitation List of
1 548, but as moreuus is written against him,
he probably died about that time, being
succeeded by Lawrence Wallwork. The
chapel, as 'newly built,' is mentioned in
the wills of Robert Langley of Agecroft
and Eleanor his wife.

86 Ibid, ii, 193 ; no particulars of the
endowment are given, but Canon Raines
found that lands in Hundersfield had be-
longed to it. The income was £4 IQJ. zd.
and the incumbent was Thomas Dodson,
who was still living in the parish in 1554-

87 Gastrell, Notilia, ii, in, 116, 119.

88 Ibid, ii, in, 116. An acre of land
at Rainsough in Prestwich, bought by the
inhabitants, brought in £4 a year, distri-

75

bated in linen cloth. The land seems
afterwards to have been used as the site
of the workhouse, occupied till 1869,
and sold in 1875.

89 The following details are taken from
the report of the Endowed Charities in-
quiry, held in 1903 ; in it the report of
1826 is reprinted.

In 1826 the £200 bequeathed by Sir
T. Grey Egerton was invested in a mort-
gage on land in Chadderton, and produced
£10 a year, distributed by the church-
wardens at Christmas time. The capital
now consists of £333 railway stock, pro-
ducing £9 igs. gd. a year; the benefits
have long been restricted to the poor at-
tending the parish church of St. Mary.

90 The poor's money in 1826 amounted
to £101 5*., having been contributed by a
number of benefactors from 1698 onwards.
There is a list in Booker, Prestwich, 75.
The money was in 1819 expended in
building the workhouse mentioned above,
and the overseers paid £5 a year as in-
terest ; this was expended on linen cloth
given to the poor. In 1846 the auditor
disallowed this payment ; but when the
workhouse was sold in 1875 £107 of the
proceeds was set apart for the benefit of
the poor. The income, £2 i$s. 8*/., is
distributed with Sir Thomas Egerton's
charity.

Sir Holland Egerton in 1730 left £20
to the poor of Prestwich and Great and
Little Heaton ; in 1826 the interest was
distributed in loaves once a month at
Prestwich Church, but being paid out of
the rates was afterwards disallowed by
the auditor and lost.

Thomas, Earl of Wilton, in 1814 left
£500 to trustees for the benefit of the
poor of the three townships named above,
and another £$oo for the poor of the
Heatons ; the possessor of Heaton Hall
was to determine the manner of distribu-
tion. In 1826 a distribution of clothing
and blankets to the value of over ,£100
(of which about £40 was the interest of
Lord Wilton's legacies) was made at the
hall to the poor of the district. The
capital is now ^1,117 consols, giving an
income of £27 181. %d. ; this is distri-
buted at Polefield Hall by the rector of

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The stock for Great and Little Heaton has been
lost.91 Pilkington has a share in the benefaction
of William Baguley, 1728 ; its poor's fund has been
lost, but for the hamlet of Unsworth Miss Jane
Margaret Birkett, daughter of a former incumbent of
the church there, in 1872 left £500 for the sick
poor. The other endowments of this township are
for churches and schools.91

PRESTWICH

Prestwich, 1194; Prestwic, 1202; Prestewic,
1203.

The township of Prestwich extends about 2 miles
in a north-east direction from the Irwell, which forms
one boundary, to the border of Heaton near Poppy-
thorn. The area is 1,917^ acres.1 The old village
is situated on the north-west side of the township,
•with the parish church to the south, and the old hall
to the north. Two picturesque cloughs distinguish
the western half. One of these — the Mere clough —
begins near the old hall and goes south-west to the
Irwell, forming, as might be gathered from the name,
a boundary between Prestwich and Outwood in Pilk-
ington. The other begins to the south of the church
and winds along, first west and then south, to the
Irwell. Near Mere dough, and about half a mile
apart, are the two great buildings of one of the county
lunatic asylums.1 In the southern corner is Rainsough,
and to the east lie the residential districts of Hilton
Park and Sedgeley Park, suburbs of Manchester. Near
the boundary is Castle Hill, and Singleton's lies to the
north of it. Singleton Brook divides this township
from Broughton. On the eastern side, on the border
of Heaton Park, is the hamlet of Rooden Lane, and
to the north, on the highest land within the boun-

daries, is Polefield. The population numbered 1 2,839
in 1901.*

The principal roads are those from Manchester to
Bury, the Old Road to the east, near the border, the
New Road, formed in 1827, through the centre.
There are numerous cross roads ; one runs north-east
from Agecroft Bridge to Heaton. The Lancashire
and Yorkshire Railway has its Manchester and Bury
line through the township, with stations called Heaton
Park and Prestwich. A tramway, connected with the
Salford system, runs along the Bury New Road.

A botanist of note, Richard Broxton, was born at
Sedgeley Hall Farm in 1786. He died in 1865.*

In 1867 a local board of twelve members was
elected;4 replaced in 1894 by an urban district
council, of fifteen members, from five wards.

At Diggle Hill, near the centre of the township,
are reservoirs of the Manchester Water Works.

There are several bleach works in the township,
and two small-ware manufactories. Rooden Lane was
formerly a great centre of the hand-loom weaving,
which died out about 1882."

The wakes were formerly held in August.7

The stocks have disappeared, but were in use in
i8oo.8

The hearth tax return of 1666 records ninety-seven
hearths in the township, the largest houses being the
rector's with ten hearths, James Wilson's with seven,
and John Glover's with six.9

From the survey of 1212 it appears
M4NOR that PRESTfTICH was held of the king in
thegnage, and was assessed as four oxgangs
of land ; the service was a rent of io/.10 Robert de
Prestwich occurs in 1 193," and his son Adam agreed
to pay 5 marks as relief on succeeding in or before
I2o6.11 Adam de Prestwich was in possession in
1212, holding Prestwich, Great Heaton, and Fails-

Prestwich and Lord Wilton's agent, a gift
of the value of "jt. being made to each
chosen recipient.

Lewis Novelli in 1844 bequeathed
j£i,ooo for poor, aged, or sickly inhabi-
tants 'being regular attendants at some
Protestant Established Church' in the
parish, the rector and churchwardens
having the distribution. After some
difficulties the money was paid to the
official trustees in 1857, and is repre-
sented by £1,246 consols, producing
£3 l 3*- yearly- The benefits are now con-
fined to poor persons attending the parish
church and St. Margaret's, Holyrood.

The same Lewis Novelli left about
£1,500 for the choir and organ fund of
the parish church. A fund of £500
raised in 1890 to commemorate John St.
Lawrance Beaufort, postmaster of Man-
chester, is invested for exhibitions for
the scholars of Bury New Road National
Schools.

James Davenport in 1882 left money
for the parish church and St. Margaret's
and the schools. William Bradbury in
1882 left money for St. Margaret's
Church, a Liberal Club, &c.; but these
gifts are not yet available, his widow sur-
viving. The Wesleyan Methodist Chapel
has an endowment of £58.

91 In 1826 it was supposed that some
ancient benefactions were deposited in Sir
Holland Egerton's hands and formed part
of the £20 he left to the poor ; but, as
above stated, all this has now been lost.

M Various donations from 1698 to

1737 established a poor's fund of £112
for Pilkington. It is supposed the fund
was given to the overseers for the work-
house ; they in 1826 paid £5 as interest,
linen cloth being given to the poor. The
Pilkington Workhouse was demolished
about 1850, and the interest ceased to be
paid.

George Hardman in 1762 left £40 for
linen for the poor; by 1826 half the
capital had been lost, but the remainder
produced 1 81. a year, distributed according
to the benefactor's desire. Nothing, how-
ever, is now known of it.

A share of a gift by William Baguley
in 1728 was received by the poor of Out-
wood ; this amounted to 401. io</. in
1826, and was distributed in linen cloth.
This charity survives, and doles of calico
and winsey are made in January.

Miss Birkett' s bequest brings £i i 81. %d.
a year, which is distributed in money gifts
to poor persons of all religious denomina-
tions.

The schools at Stand, Ringley, and
Unsworth have endowments, as also the
chapel at Ringley, and the Sunday school
at Cinderhill. The Hollins Young Men's
Institute is also noticed in the report.

1 The census report of 1901 gives
3,167 acres, including 57 of inland water;
but in 1894 the boundaries of Prestwich
proper were extended to include the rural
portions of the adjacent townships of
Great and Little Heaton ; Local Govt.
Bd. Order 32103. A small part of the
township lies to the south of the Irwell.

76

a The asylum in Prestwich Wood was
opened in 1851, being built to accommo-
date 500 patients. It has been several
times enlarged, and the annexe, for 1,100
patients, was built in 1884. There is
now accommodation for 2,600. There is
a church attached ; see W. Nicholls,
Prestwicb, 1 1 6-20.

8 This is for the extended area, but the
addition made in 1894 had only 461
inhabitants.

4 Diet. Nat. Biog.

5 Land. Gax. 21 Dec. 1866.

6 W. Nicholls, Prestwicb, 55.

• Ibid. 67. A programme of the sports
in 1832 is reprinted.

8 Ibid. 78.

9 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

10 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 67. In later times the
tenure was by knight's service and a rent.

11 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 77. He paid
4 marks for having the king's good will, as
one of the men of the rebellious John, Count
of Mortain. He occurs again in 1201 and
1205 as a contributor to the tall age and
scutage ; ibid. 151, 205.

12 Ibid. 203. This entry is in the same
roll as the last-mentioned payment by
Robert de Prestwich, showing that the
father died in the year 1205-6. The
Robert de Prestwich recorded in the farm
of the county in 1226 is probably the same
man, the name being taken from an old
roll — like Augustine de Barton — but it
may be the successor of Adam ; Lanes.
Inq. and Extents, i, 137.

SALFORD HUNDRED

worth.18 For over sixty years there is scarcely any
mention of the manor, another Adam de Prestwich
appearing in 1278." He was probably the same
Adam who was plaintiff in 1292,'* and who in 1297
settled his manors of Prestwich, Alkrington, and Pen-
dlebury on John his son and heir and Emmota his
wife.16 This arrangement was not permanent, for he
appears to have married about the same time one
Alice de Wolveley, whose children became his heirs.17
In 1311 he gave the manor of Pendlebury to her son
Robert,18 and in 1313 settled the manors of Prestwich,
Alkrington, and Pendlebury, and the advowson of the
church of the manor of Prestwich upon Thomas his
son by Alice, with remainders to her other children.19
In virtue of this Alice his widow succeeded him,10
and was in turn followed by her son, Thomas de
Prestwich. He very quickly granted his manors to
Richard son of William de Pvadcliffe for life, and then
in fee.21 In 1346, therefore, Richard de Radcliffe
was returned as holding the manor of Prestwich with
the advowson of the church.11 Two years afterwards
he made a feoffment of the manor and advowson,
probably on his marriage with one Isabel.*3 What-
ever may have been the meaning of this transfer to
the Radcliffes, it appears that in 1362 new feoffments
were made," and the trustees regranted the manor of
Prestwich and the advowson of the church for the
lives of Richard and Isabel, and for a year and a day

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

after their decease, paying to Richard de Langley 50
marks a year, and also performing the services due to
the chief lords, the manor to revert to Richard de
Langley or his heirs.25 The right of the Langleys
under the settlement of 1 3 1 3 was thus fully acknow-
ledged.

What became of Thomas de Prestwich is unknown.26
He had two daughters and co-heirs — Margaret and
Agnes.27 The former took the
veil at Seaton in Cumberland
in 1360, but afterwards left
the convent and married Ro-
bert de Holland ; and Agnes,
*who had married John son of
William de Radcliffe, and who
was considered the heir after
her sister's veiling, died with-
out issue about I362.28 In
1367 a further agreement was
made between the Radcliffes
and Langleys for securing the
succession of Richard de Lang-
ley and Joan his wife and the
heirs of Joan.29 About the same time Robert de
Holland put forward his claims to the manor as the
right of Margaret, and in 1371 Richard de Radcliffe
the elder and Isabel his wife released to Robert and
Margaret all their claim to the manor and advowson,*0

LANGLEY. Argent a
cockatrice sable, crested,
beaked and numbered
gules.

18 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, 67. Heaton
and Fails-worth were held by under-tenant*.

14 Thomas, lord of Prestwich, made a
grant in Heaton about 1260 ; Harl. MS.
2112, fol. 148/1 84. A John de Prestwich,
rector of Whitwell, occurs about the same
time; ibid. fol. 145^/181*. Robert son
of Robert de Nettleham was non-suited
in a claim for a tenement in Prestwich
made against Adam de Prestwich in 1278;
Assize R. 1238, m. 33d.

15 Assize R. 408, m. 25 ; Adam de
Prestwich claimed arrears of customs and
services for a tenement in Prestwich held
by John Byron, but was non-suited. This
probably refers to Failsworth.

16 Agecroft D. 4.

17 A fuller account of Adam de Prest-
wich and his descendants is given under
Pendlebury, Agecroft in that township
having become the principal seat of his
heirs. Other descendants of his are named
in the account of Whittleswick in Barton.

18 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 12; the grant included 40 acres
in Prestwich also.

Alice, the sister of Robert, succeeded ;
she married Jordan de Tetlow, and her
heir was her daughter Joan, who married
Richard de Langley ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 53.

19 Final Cone, ii, 1 6 ; Agecroft D. II.
After the children of Alice the remainder
was to Roger de Prestwich. Claims were
put in by Alice, sister of John de Byron ;
John son of John de Prestwich, Adam de
Worley, and Emma his wife, and John and
Thomas sons of Emma — possibly the Em-
mota of 1297.

At the beginning of 1319 Adam de
Prestwich claimed a messuage, etc., in
Prestwich held by Roger de Prestwich and
Thomas his son ; De Banco R. 226, m.
24. Adam and Alexander de Prestwich
were also plaintiffs as executors of the will
of John, rector of Whitwell ; ibid. m. 65.
At Easter in the same year Adam com-
plained that certain persons had cut down
and carried off some of his trees at Oldham,

to the value of £i o ; ibid. R. 229, m. 70 d.
Soon afterwards he died, for in July 1319,
Thomas son of John de Prestwich released
to Alice, widow of Adam de Prestwich, all
his claim on the family manors ; Agecroft
D. 1 3 (dated at Pontefract).

20 She held Prestwich, Heaton, and
Alkrington in 1324. Her holding was
called one plough-land, and the service due
was 2os. ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii, 104,
135, 204. She appears to have died about
1330.

21 Thomas son of Adam de Prestwich
and Alice de Wolveley in 1331 granted his
manors of Prestwich, Alkrington, and Pen-
dlebury, and the land he had acquired
from John son of Alexander de Prestwich,
to Richard son of William de Radcliffe for
his life, at a yearly rent of £26 and 19 J.
in silver for the first three years, and 100
marks of silver for the rest of the term ;
Agecroft D. 14. The rents seem to show
that this was a grant in trust. A little
later he gave the same Richard all his right
in the manor of Prestwich and the demesne,
including the park, and a pasture called
the Denehead ; ibid. 1 5. The grantee was
the lord of Radcliffe.

In 1333 he granted to Richard and his
heirs his manor of Prestwich, with the
park and the Denehead, at a yearly rent of
a rose for the first twenty years and of
10 marks afterwards ; ibid. 17, 18. This
was soon followed by a release of all ac-
tions touching his fermes of Prestwich,
Pendlebury, and Alkrington ; ibid. 1 9. He
presented to the rectory in 1334, but soon
afterwards made over the advowson to
Richard de Radcliffe (ibid. 6, 20, 21), who
presented from 1347 to 1365.

Thomas gave a release to his brother
Robert in 1345 ; ibid. 22.

22 Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146; Dods.
MSS. Ixxxvii, fol. 59*.

23 Agecroft D. 23, 24. The trustees
regranted to Richard de Radcliffe and Isabel
his wife and their issue ; ibid. 25, 26.

24 Ibid. 28-30. In one grant a place
called the ' Fohcastel ' was reserved. In

77

1479 't was attested that * Foyecastell '
moor belonged to the lordship of Prest-
wich, and not to that of Crumpsall ; ibid.
83. Castle Hill lies in the south-east
corner of the township, in the borders of
Broughton and Crumpsall.

24 Ibid. 31, 32, dated 9 Dec. 1362. The
feoffees made a final release in 1364 ; ibid.

33-

86 He had an illegitimate son who re-
ceived land in Tonge and took the local
name, as will be seen in the account of
that township. Thomas was living in
1348, when he claimed certain lands in
Prestwich against his sister Alice and
against Robert and Thurstan sons of Jordan
de Tetlow ; De Banco R. 356, m 384 d.
Alice, widow of Thomas de Prestwich,
was a defendant in 1356, respecting lands
in the township ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 5, m. 4.

^ Margaret de Prestwich and Agnes her
sister were in 1357 plaintiffs respecting a
tenement in Prestwich, Richard, son of
John de Radcliffe being defendant ; Duchy
of Lane. Assize R. 6, m. 2 d.

28 The story is told in Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 50-3, and in a more com-
plete record in the Agecroft D. 66. See
also Pal. of Lane. Misc. bdle. i, no 8, m.
25, 26. The dates of Margaret's entrance
into religion and her sister's death seem
to be marked by the feoffments above
related.

29 Agecroft D. 44 ; in this the rent
payable by Richard de Radcliffe is stated as
5 (not 50) marks. It was confirmed by
a fine in 1369 ; Final Cone, ii, 176.

Sir John de Radcliffe, of Ordsall, in
1412 quitclaimed to Robert de Langley
all his right to the Prestwich manors ;
Agecroft D. 59.

80 Ibid. 34. Thurstan son of John de
Prestwich in 1375 released to Robert de
Holland all his claim on the manors of
Prestwich, Alkrington, and Pendlebury and
the advowson of Prestwich ; ibid. 37. In
1416 he gave a similar release to Robert
de Langley ; ibid. 72.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

while in 1374 Robert de Holland and Margaret his
wife made a feoffment of their manor of Prestwich,31
and two years later granted to Peter their son all
their lands and tenements in Prestwich, Alkrington,
and Pendlebury, together with the advowson of
Prestwich.31

Roger de Langley the son and heir was a minor in
1372, and in ward to the Duke of Lancaster,33 when
Robert de Holland assembled a troop of armed men,
and by force took possession of the manor, holding it
till 1389." The Langleys, however, had not been
neglectful of their claim. As early as 1371 a certifi-
cate had been procured stating that Margaret de
Prestwich had been duly professed,84 and Roger as son
and heir of Richard and Joan appears to have put
forward his claim in due form,36 but it was not till
1394, after his death, that a final decision was made.37
The heir, his son Robert, being a minor, the manor
of Prestwich, with a parcel of Alkrington and the
advowson of the church, were taken into the duke's
hands, livery being granted in i^o^.39

The manor then descended peaceably in the same
way as Pendlebury,39 the most notable feature of the

family's tenure being the succession of Langleys to
the rectory for 200 years.

On the death of Sir Robert Langley in 1561 and
the consequent partition, the manor of Prestwich be-
came the share of his daughter Margaret, who married
John Reddish of Reddish,40 and afterwards Richard
Holland, of Denton.41 Her son, Alexander Reddish,
left two daughters as co-heirs, Sarah and Grace.4* The
former, who married Clement, a younger son of Sir
Edward Coke, the famous lawyer and chief justice,
had the manor of Prestwich. It descended in the
Coke family, though Sarah's issue died out, until
1777, when Thomas William Coke, the famous
' Mr. Coke of Holkham,' in Norfolk, a leader in the
agricultural revolution which took place in the latter
part of the 1 8th century, wishing to increase his Nor-
folk estates, began to sell Prestwich in parcels.4*
T. W. Coke in 1779 Pa'^ 9s- 4^- to ^e duchy for
Prestwich.44 The manor was, in 1 794, acquired by
Peter Drinkwater, who resided at Irwell House in
Prestwich, and it descended to his son Thomas.
Thomas died in 1861, leaving two daughters ; and
Irwell House, with land called Drinkwater Park, has

81 Agccroft D. 36.

"Ibid. 38. In 1375 Robert de Hol-
land appeared as plaintiff, certain persons
having cut down his trees at Prestwich ;
De Banco R. 459, m. 10.

88 On 13 Nov. 1372 John Duke of
Lancaster directed the sheriff to take into
the duke's hands the manor of Prestwich,
because of the minority of Roger de Lang-
ley, the heir, the tenure being stated to be
by knight's service ; Duchy of Lane. Misc.
Bks. xiii, 163. In a plea of 1390 the date
of the sherirFs entry is given as I 5 May,
1374 ; possibly the father died in one year
and the mother in the other ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 52.

84 Ibid., and more fully in an exempli-
fication of the pleas of 1390 made in
1414 ; Agecroft D. 66. Robert de Hol-
land denied that Margaret was a nun or
professed. The suit quoted was in form
a claim by the duke for the profits which
should have accrued to him from the
wardship of Roger de Langley, but lost
through the forcible occupation by the
Hollands.

85 Agecroft D. 35. ' Dame Margaret de
Prestwich, one of the nuns of Seaton, of
the age of fifteen years and more, was
professed on the morrow of St. {Catherine
the Virgin and Martyr, A.D. 1360, in the
presence of Sir John Cragge, prior of the
Abbey of Furness, Sir John de Huddleston,
knight and lord of Millom, Richard de
Coupland of Furness, Richard de Huddles-
ton and others . . . and the said Margaret
on the said day confessed before the said
persons that she was not coerced or com-
pelled, but voluntarily entered the order of
St. Benedict in the said house and was
professed.' A similar certificate was pro-
cured in 1388 ; ibid. 39,40.

86 See the statements in the inquisition
and plea above cited.

8< Agecroft D. 66. When the Duke of
Lancaster called upon the Archbishop of
York to make inquiry as to Margaret's
profession, he gave no reply, Seaton being
outside the duke's regality ; so that appli-
cation had to be made to the king, in reply
to whom the archbishop in June 1394 du'.y
certified that ' Margaret, daughter of
Thomas, son of Alice de Wolveley . , .
•was a nun and professed in the house of
the nuns of Seaton.' On this judgement

was given for the duke in his claim against
Robert de Holland.

Dower was in the same year (1394)
granted to Margaret widow of Roger de
Langley, from the manor of Prestwich
together with the hamlet of Alkrington
appertaining to the manor ; it included
the Hallfield and Denehead, part of the
demesne, and the chapel chamber with the
chapel at Prestwich, a stable and haybarn ;
ibid. 56.

The Hollands did not immediately re-
sign their claims. In 1395 the feoffees of
Robert and Margaret granted to Edmund
their son the manor and advowson of
Prestwich for the life of Robert de Holland,
on whose death it was to go to Peter the
son of Robert and his issue, with succes-
sive remainders to Peter's brothers and
sisters, Nicholas, John, Edmund, Marion,
ICatherine, and Alice ; ibid. 42.

At the end of 1401 Robert de Holland
released to Robert de Langley all his claim
upon the manors of Prestwich, Alkrington,
and Pendlebury, and his sons were to do
the same when they should come of age ;
an annuity of 5 marks a year was granted
in return for this ; the parties were sworn
upon the sacrament of the altar to hold to
this agreement; ibid. 57*. In 1416 Peter
de Holland agreed to give up all his deeds
relating to the Prestwich manors, and for-
mally gave 'his manors' up to trustees (for
the Langleys) in 1418 ; ibid. 69, 73.

The settlement was not arrived at with-
out violence. In May 1402 the king
granted his pardon to Robert de Langley
for capturing and detaining Robert de
Holland. The latter had, it seems, at
various times invaded the manor of
Prestwich and carried away the cattle and
goods of Langley and his tenants into
Cheshire, not restoring them without
payment. He had also come by night
and carried some of Langley's cattle as far
as Glossop ; being pursued, he entered the
house of Master Wagstaffe and defied
Robert de Langley, wounding one of his
servants with an arrow. The brother of
the wounded man threw fire into the
house, so that it was burnt down and Hol-
land had to surrender, and was taken into
Lancashire. He had already been out-
lawed for treason ; ibid. 58.

88 Inq. p.m. above cited, and Towneley

78

MS. DD, no. 1466. In 1398 the Duke of
Lancaster released to his ward Robert de
Langley a rent of 1 1 marks due as the
farm of his lands in Prestwich and Alkring-
ton, and this because of Robert's 'good
and agreeable service,' rendered to the
duke, who had retained him in his service
for life ; Agecroft D. 57.

89 But little is known of the manor
during this period. In 1410 it appears
that Edmund de Prestwich and Margaret
his wife had received from Robert de Lang-
ley certain lands in Prestwich as Margaret's
portion ; ibid. 34. In 1468 there was a
dispute between the Langleys and the
Radcliffes of Ordsall ; ibid. 79 ; and in
1484 between them and the Radcliffes of
Radcliffe, as to the bounds of Crumpsall
and Prestwich ; ibid. 86, 87.

In 1472 it was found that Thomas
Langley, deceased, had held the manor of
Prestwich of the king as Duke of Lancas-
ter, by the sixteenth part of a knight's fee
and a rent of izs. a year ; its clear annual
value was £10 ; Agecroft D. 80. At the
death of Sir Robert Langley in 1561 the
tenure was called socage, by a rent of
131. \d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 16.

40 Land in Prestwich is named in a
settlement of the lands of John Reddish
and Margaret his wife in 1569 ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 164.

41 In a list of chief rents paid to Queen
Elizabeth occurs ' Richard Holland for
another fourth part [of Sir R. Langley's
lands], 95.4^.' ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1870),

i> 447-

4a Margaret Holland died in September
1625, and was buried at Prestwich; thus
surviving her son Alexander Reddish, who
died in 1613 when his daughter Grace was
aged twenty-five, and wife of Sir Robert
Darcy, while Sarah was only twelve ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 254.

Sarah Coke died in 1623-4 and Clem«nt
her husband in 1630, leaving a son and
heir Edward, aged twelve, on 17 Feb.
1630; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvi, 53.
See further in the account of Reddish.

48 W. Nicholls, Prestwich, 33-6. 'No
trace can be found of a [ manor J court
being held here' ; ibid. 37.

44 Duchy of Lane. Rentals, bdle. 14, no.
25 m.

SALFORD HUNDRED

been sold to the Corporation of Salford on a ground
rent, and a further part of the land to the Prestwich
District Council.45

The manor of Prestwich — i.e. a mesne lordship be-
tween the Earl of Lancaster and the local family —
seems to have been granted to Sir Robert de Holland
early in the I4th century, but the claim to it failed.46

The other daughters of Sir Robert Langley also had
lands in Prestwich, on a division of the estate. Thus
William Dauntesey of Agecroft held 1 6 acres as appur-
tenant to his manor-house.47 James Ashton, of Chad-
derton, in right of his wife Dorothy had a much larger
estate.48 Part of it was the Polefield estate, since
divided into three portions, one of which — Polefield
Hall and lands — is now owned by the Earl of Wilton.49

Poppythorn is an ancient part of the glebe land.50

Sedgeley was, in 1788, purchased from T. W. Coke
by Thomas Philips, a Manchester merchant. His son
George was created a baronet in 1826. The house,
called Sedgeley Hall, was from 1848 to 1854 the
residence of Dr. Prince Lee, the first bishop of Man-
chester. The estate has been utilized for building
purposes.51

Rooden was, in the I4th century, owned by the
Hollands." It has been included in the Heaton Park
estate, purchased by the Corporation of Manchester."

Henry de Traffbrd of Prestwich occurs in 1348

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

and later years.54 No landowners were assessed to the
subsidy in 1541, but in 1622 Edward Holland, Robert
Leigh, and Richard Tonge contributed.45 The land
tax returns of 1787 show the effect of the Coke sale ;
the largest contributor was James Chapman, who paid
about a ninth of the sum collected.66

Sir John Prestwich, some of whose antiquarian col-
lections are in the Chetham Library, claimed to repre-
sent the old Prestwich family ; he died in Dublin,
I 5 August 1 796." He had no territorial connexion
with the township.

The parish church has already been described.
St. Margaret's, Holyrood, was opened in 1851 and
consecrated the following year ; it has had several
additions. A separate district was assigned to it in
1 885." St. Hilda's, a chapel of ease at Rooden Lane,
was consecrated in 1904, but services had been con-
ducted there for some years previously.

Wesleyan Methodism was introduced as early as
1805, a cottage in Rooden Lane being used for Sunday
meetings. A small chapel was built in 1820, which
was replaced by the existing building in 1865.** In
Prestwich village services began in 1812, but the
Rooden Lane chapel accommodated this congregation
also for a time. In 1830 a new start was made; a
school -chapel was built in 1835, anc^ a chapel in the
main street followed in 1840. The present church

45 Nicholls, op. cit. 34, 39 ; and Burke,
Commoners, iii, 669.

46 Maud, widow of Sir Robert de Hol-
land, in 1 346 claimed dower in the manor
of Prestwich against Richard de Radcliffe;
the defence was that Robert was never in
seisin, and no more is heard of the claim ;
De Banco R. 347, m. 158 ; 350, m. 250.

*7 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 349. Among the Age-
croft deeds are leases of land in Prest-
wich to Hopwood and to Astley in the
1 8th century.

48 Ibid, i, 225. In 1587 James Ashton
and Dorothy his wife granted to William
Dauntesey an annuity of £10 from lands
in Prestwich called Over Fleams, Lower
Fleams, Showebrode, and the Rodes ; ibid.
229.

49 W. Nicholls, Prestwich, 37, 38 ; the
other portions are known as Polefield
House and Pippintree (or Polefield).
The pole from which it took its name was
used for signals, standing on the highest
ground in the parish ; ibid. 93.

40 In the early years of Elizabeth's
reign William Langley, then rector, being
seised of a messuage and lands called
* Popethorne,' demised to Robert Holt of
Prestwich a messuage lately built there
and called the New Chamber, together
•with 4 acres of land and meadow and
housing for his corn, hay, turves, and
cattle. The rector afterwards refused to
carry out the agreement, and Robert Holt
appealed to the Chancellor, Sir Ambrose
Carr ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, cxi, H. nj
see also Nicholls, Prestwich, 31.

It was the residence of a family named
Wilson, one of whom was summoned to
attend the Visitation of 1664 ; Dugdale,
Visit. (Chet. Soc.), v. A pedigree is
given in Booker, Prestwicb, 216.

51 Nicholls, Prestwich, 34, 94-7 ; it is
related that Sydney Smith frequently
visited Sir George Philips at Sedgeley,
preaching at the parish church. Lawrence
Fort, calico printer, of Blackburn, the
next owner, is said to have committed
suicide in one of the rooms of Sedgeley

Hall in 1837, and 'curious lights are
sometimes observed in the window of
that room.' The house was ruined by a
fire in 1902.

58 The following deeds of the year
1341 in Lord Wilton's possession show
something of the origin of the Holland
estate : —

Grant by John de Prestwich the
younger to Thurstan de Holland of a
piece of land called Broadclough (Brade-
clache) in Prestwich, as inclosed by hedges
and ditches in the time of its former
owner, the grantor's grandfather, John
son of Adam de Prestwich, a rent of 31. 4</.
to be paid.

Release by Richard de Radc iffc to
Thurstan son of Sir William de Holland
of land in Prestwich.

Release by John de Prestwich the
younger of all his right in his grand-
father's land called Rodoun, granted to
Thurstan by Richard de Radcliffe.

Grant of a rent-charge of 31. 4^. on
Rodoun by Thurstan de Holland to John
de Prestwich.

This John de Prestwich appears to be a
descendant of the ' son and heir ' of Adam
in 1297. Ralph, son of John son of
John de Prestwich, occurs in 1353 ;
Assize R. 43$, m. 18 d. ; he and his wife
Ellen claimed lands at Walton on the
Hill ; ibid. m. 33.

Thurstan de Holland acquired further
lands in Prestwich in 1 360, the vendors
being William de Blakelow and Margery
his wife ; William de Beswick and Cecily
his wife, and Alice widow of Henry the
Falconer; Final Cone, ii, 165.

By an arbitration made in 1520
between Robert Langley of Agecroft and
Richard Holland of Denton, it was de-
cided that the former should enjoy all the
messuages, lands, &c., which he or his
ancestors had built and inclosed on the
waste of Prestwich, and might also ap-
prove 4 acres of the moor adjoining the
Fohcastle, but no more. The Hollands
and their tenants of Heaton Hall, the
ground called Rooden, and tenements near

79

Heaton Gate lying on the north and south
side of Terrebrook, were to enjoy com-
mon of pasture on the wastes in Prest-
wich, and to drive their cattle to the high
moor of Prestwich to common there.
Robert Langley was to take down the
gate he had erected in Rooden Lane end ;
Agecroft D. 100.

53 Nicholls, Prestwich, 93.

54 Assize R. 1444, m. 4 ; he was son of
Alan. In 1356 Gilbert de Urmston com-
plained that Henry de Traffbrd of Prest-
wich, Richard and Nicholas his brothers,
and John de Traffbrd, bastard, had assaulted
him at Wigan, so that his life was despaired
of; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 5, m. 8.

85 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 143, 155. Thomas Leigh of Alkring-
ton and {Catherine his wife made a set-
tlement of their estate, including lands in
Prestwich, in 1571 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 33, m. 184. Christopher
Tonge made a settlement respecting his
twelve messuages and lands in Prestwich
in 1585 ; ibid. bdle. 47, m. 17.

In 1586 Geoffrey Hardman acquired
lands in Denton, Heaton, and Prestwich
from Robert Holt ; ibid. bdle. 48, m. 227.
Thomas Hardman contributed to the sub-
sidy in 1622 for 'goods' ; Misc. ut sup.
Hardman's Green and Hardman's Fold
exist in the northern part of the town-
ship. Adjacent is Kirkhams, commem-
orating Thomas Kirkham, who built the
house in 1733 ; he was buried in the
church in 1788 ; Booker, Prestwich, 38.

56 Returns at Preston.

*' Pal. Note Bk. ii, 249. For his as-
sumption of the Prestwich baronetcy see
G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, ii, 222.

58 Holyrood is a fancy name, derived
from Rooden Lane. For the church and
a strange story as to the laying of the
foundation stone see Nicholls, Prestwich^
142-4.

59 Nicholls, Prestwich, 121. The rec-
tor (Lyon) was asked to interfere to stop
the meetings, but said, ' Let them do
good amongst us if they can,' and sub-
scribed to the school.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

was built in i877.60 There is a small chapel at Rain-
sough. The Primitive Methodists began services in
a cottage at Kirkhams, and have since erected an iron
chapel ; the first minister was appointed in iSgj.61

The Congregational Church, Rooden Lane, origi-
nated in anight school begun in 1862. TheChetham
Hill church took the work up ; a school-chapel was
opened in 1865, and the present church in i88i.M

The Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of Grace
was opened in 1891. Mass had been said for two
years previously in the Co-operative Hall.63

There is a Jewish cemetery, opened in 1 84-O.64

GREAT AND LITTLE HEATON

Heton, 1212 — usual; Heiton, 1226; Hetun,
Heethon, c. 1250 ; Heetun, 1319 ; Hoi ton, Hoton,
1331-2 ; Hey ton, 1447 ; Heaton (xvi cent.).

Faefeld, c. 1280 ; Faghefeld, 1331 ; Faufeld, 1344;
Fawfeld, 1368 ; Falefelde, 1447 ; Faughfyld, 1586 ;
Fallowfield, modern. Pronounced Fawfield.

These townships, mostly on high ground, which
slopes away to the south-east to the River Irk, have
areas respectively of 875 and 532 acres. Great
Heaton has two detached portions lying on the
border of Middleton, and Little Heaton has a small
isolated part, occupying the extreme north-east corner
of the townships. Formerly the district was called
Faghfield, and the places were Heaton upon Fagh-
field, but in time the present Great Heaton became
known as Over Heaton or Heaton Reddish, from the
lords of the manor, while Little Heaton was called
Heaton Fallowfield. The population in 1901 was
not returned separately, but partly with Prestwich and
partly with Middleton.

The surface is undulating, varying from 200 ft.
to 350 ft. above sea level. The most prominent
feature is the large park around Heaton House, now
the property of Manchester. The chief road is that
from the north of Manchester to Middleton, along
the right bank of the Irk. From it roads branch off,
making a circuit of the park, and another great high-

way leads to Heywood. The Lancashire and York-
shire Company's railway from Manchester to Bury
passes through the southern corner of Great Heaton,
mostly by a tunnel under the park.

The townships have ceased to exist as such.
In 1894 the greater part of the area was added to
Prestwich for purposes of local government ; the
small urban district on the east, known as Rhodes,
together with the detached portion of Little Heaton
above mentioned, were taken into the borough of
Middleton.1 A further change was made in 1901,
Heaton Park being added to Manchester, on its
purchase by the Corporation.

Fifty years ago silk-weaving gave prosperity to the
villages of Simister and Bow Lee, but th« industry
has long been extinct.*

There is a well called the Danes' Well in Simister
in Little Hulton.8 A place called Clark's Cross is
on the highest ground, 350 ft., in Corday Lane in
Great Heaton. A curious inn sign, 'The Same Yet,'
was noticeable at Great Heaton.4

In 1666 there were fifty hearths in Heaton liable
to the tax ; William Holland's house had thirteen,
and Edmund Hey wood's six. In Heaton Fallowfield,
out of thirty-five hearths in all James Pilkington's
house had six.5

Heaton, held in thegnage of the king,
MANORS had before 1212 become divided into
two portions, held by different families
at different rents. One moiety, GREAT HEATON t
as 4 oxgangs of land, was then held by Adam de
Prestwich, and of him by Adam de Heaton, by a rent of
io/. The other moiety, LITTLE HEATON, also
4 oxgangs, was held by William de Radcliffe, and
of him by Gilbert de Notion, of Barton, by a rent of
6/. SJ.6

It is difficult to trace the descent of these separate
portions. Of the Prestwich moiety 7 one portion
seems to have been acquired by the Hultons,8 and thus
passed to the Reddish family, being held by a rent of
6s. 8</. ; 9 the other 3/. \d. may have been due from
Rooden Lane in Prestwich, which seems anciently

60 Nicholls, Preifwich, 122.

« Ibid. 124.

82 Ibid. 125 ; Nightingale, Lanes. Non-
tonf. v, 26-7.

«» Nicholls, op. cit. 128 ; Kelly, Engl.
Cath. Missions, 323.

M Nicholls, loc. cit.

1 Local Govt. Bd. Orders, 31625,
32103.

3 Nicholls, Prestwich, 55.
8 Ibid. 147.

4 Pal. Note Bk. iii, 260.

5 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

6 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 87.

^ Thomas, lord of Prestwich, granted
to Joan his daughter, about 1 260, half of
Heaton, formerly held by Thomas son of
Alexander ; Harl. MS. 21 12, fol. 148/1 84.
In 1 346 Richard Radcliffe, then in posses-
sion of the Prestwich manors, held ' Prest-
wich' by a rent of 20*., &c. The rent
shows that Prestwich included Heaton.

In 1325 it was found that Joan, wife of
William de Holland and later of William
de Multon, held the third part of a mes-
suage and lands, and ros. rent, in Heaton
near Fallowfield, of Alice widow of Adam
de Prestwich by the service of the third
part of 2s. ; Inq. p.m. 19 Edw. II, no. 96.
Hugh the chaplain, brother and heir of

Thomas de Heaton, granted to William
de Holland in 1309 all his manor of
Heaton, together with the service of John
son of Adam de Prestwich ; Harl. MS.
21 1 2, fol. 148/184.

Heaton is not mentioned in the later
Langley inquisitions.

8 In 1301 Richard son of David de
Hulton brought an action concerning dis-
seisin of 4 oxgangs of land in Over Hea-
ton against Richard de Hulton the elder
(brother of David), Richard and John his
sons, Adam de Radcliffe, and William and
Thomas sons of Thomas de Urmston ;
the plaintiff claimed under a charter of
his uncle Richard, who denied that it was
genuine; Assize R. 418, m. 5. At the
same time Agnes, David's widow, claimed
dower in certain messuages and lands in
Over Heaton, which were held by Richard
de Hulton, senr. ; ibid. m. I.

In 1331 Richard son of Richard de
Hulton of Reddish claimed the manor of
Heaton super Fallowfield against William
son of Richard de Hulton ; De Banco R.
287, m. 236 d. In a further pleading
the plaintiff, who recovered, stated that
Richard son of David de Hulton had
granted the manor to his brother David,
with remainder to Richard brother of
David ; and as David died without issue,

80

it should descend to Richard son of Richard;
De Banco R. 294, m. 242 d. Richard son
of Richard de Hulton [of Hulton] was
fined for opposing.

Richard de Reddish held five messuages,
100 acres of land, &c., in Heaton, for-
merly part of the estate of Richard de
Hulton of Ordsall ; Assize R. 1435, m-
40.

9 The township was called Heaton
Reddish in 1522 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 144.

Richard de Reddish died in 1404 seised
of the manor of Heaton on Fallowfield,
held of the king in chief by knight's ser-
vice and a rent of 6s. %d. ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 80. In 1522 the
tenure was called socage, the rent being
6s. 8./. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, 48.
This statement was repeated in 1559,
when the manor was called Over Heaton
on Fallowfield ; ibid, xi, 60.

In 1613, however, the rent due from
the Reddish estate (not called a manor) in
Heaton was id. only ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 253. By
this time probably the main part of their
inheritance had passed to the Hollands.
It appears from the inquisition after the
death of Sarah Coke in 1630 that lands in
Crumpsall and Heaton Fallowfield, known

SALFORD HUNDRED

to have been charged with that rent,10 or from lands
purchased by Adam de Prestwich and given to his son
John," whose descendants sold it to the Hollands of
Denton.1* This family also acquired a moiety of the
Radcliffe part of Heaton,13 the other half apparently
descending with Radcliffe ; M thus in 1346 Richard de
Radcliffe and Thurstan de Holland held Heaton Fal-
lowfield in socage by a rent of 6s. 8</., paying double as
a relief ; puture also was due.15 In later inquisitions
the tenure is called knight's service.16

The Heaton family appear throughout the I3th
century, but sold their lands to the Prestwiches and
others ; and part was obtained by the Hollands.17
This family became the principal one in the two
townships. Their original house, known as the Old

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

Hall, was in Little Heaton, but about 1750 the
present Heaton Hall in Great Heaton was built, and
remained the seat of the family until its purchase by
Manchester. A junior branch of the family was
seated at Rhodes in Pilkington.18

At the beginning of the I Jth century the Hollands
of Denton seem to have acquired the inheritance of
the Reddish family in Great Heaton,19 and from that
time chose Heaton for their principal residence.10 In
1684 Elizabeth, sister and heir of Edward Holland,
married at Prestwich Sir John Egerton of Wrinehill,11
and her son Holland, born two years afterwards," in-
herited the manors of Heaton and Denton.*3 He
was succeeded in turn by his sons, Sir Edward and Sir
Thomas Grey Egerton,24 and his grandson Sir Thomas

as the manor of Crumpsall, had recently
been purchased from William Sedley —
probably in 1608; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xxvi, 53 ; PaL of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 70, no. 82.

The ' manor of Heaton ' continued to
descend with Reddish, and is named in a
settlement by Sir Robert Coke in 1685 ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 217, m. 20.

10 See the account of Prestwich.

11 A grant by Robert son of Robert de
Nettleham to Adam de Prestwich in
1297 is given in Harl. MS. 2112, fol.
164/200. In the same year Adam de
Prestwich granted to John his son all the
lands in Heaton, a hamlet of the vill of
Prestwich, which he had acquired from
Adam son of the widow of Heaton, and
from Robert de Nettleham, with common
of pasture, &c., in Awekeshowe ; a rent
of $.od. was payable to the grantor ; Lord
Wilton's D. By earlier deeds Alexander
son of Adam de Heaton had granted part
of his land to Christiana daughter of Alan
de Harwood ; the bounds touched Sandy-
ford, Teribrook, the ancient mill-site,
Ithek, Mereshawbrook, and the great
road ; and Thomas the son of Alexander
de Heaton gave to Robert de Nettleham
the same piece of land, described as lying
in the vill of Heaton upon Fallowfield, a
member of Prestwich ; ibid.

13 John de Prestwich in 1321-2 granted
to John his son certain lands in Heaton
in Prestwich; and in 1329 the younger
John granted to his son, also John, all
his lands in Heaton, Salford, and Man-
chester ; Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 164/200.
A few years later (1338) John son of John
de Prestwich gave a rent of 401., charged
on his lands in Salford and Heaton, to
Margaret, who had been the wife of
Henry de Worsley ; ibid. fol. 146^/1 82^.
This was followed in 1 343 by a grant to
her of all his lands in Heaton ; ibid. fol.
148/184. In 1368 and later Thurstan
son of John de Prestwich made several
grants and releases to Thurstan de Hol-
land ; ibid. 148/184, i^^h/igoh, 164/200.

18 How they acquired it is not clear,
but in 1402 Richard de Holland of Den-
ton died seised of a moiety of the manor
of Heaton upon Fallowfield, holding it of
the king in chief by the service of 40^. a
year ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1461. The
difficulty of distinguishing between the
various parts of Heaton is increased by
this rent being the same as that for the
lands of John de Prestwich, as recorded
in a preceding note.

Sir Robert de Holland in 1319 granted
to Thurstan de Holland son of Margaret
de Shoresworth all his lands and tene-
ments in demesne and lordship in Heaton
on Fallowfield, and the services of all the

free tenants and others, rendering 5 marks
a year for ten years and then only i</.,
and rendering to the chief lords the ser-
vices due ; Lord Wilton's D.

About 1348 Margaret de Shoresworth
recovered seisin of her free tenement in
Heaton, Denton, &c., of which she alleged
that Thurstan son of Sir William de Hol-
land (and her son also) had disseised her ;
Assize R. 1444, m. 7 d.

14 It is not mentioned in the Radcliffe
inquisitions, but from that after the death
of Sarah Coke, quoted above, it appears to
have been included with the Radcliffe
manor of Crumpsall, and purchased by
Alexander Reddish.

In 1329 Roger de Reddish made com-
plaint against a number of persons who
had carried away his goods from Heaton ;
De Banco R. 279, m. 391 d.

"Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146 ; it is called
6 plough-lands instead of 4 oxgangs.
This seems to prove that Thurstan de
Holland held part of the Radcliffe manor ;
the charters above quoted refer to the Prest-
wich moiety.

16 Thus in the inquisition of Robert
Holland, taken in 11514, his seven mes-
suages, 60 acres of land, &c., in Heaton
were stated to be held of the king, as of
his duchy of Lancaster, by knight's ser-
vice ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 58.
So also a century later ; Lanes . Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 141.

V The charters previously quoted show
this.

To Cockersand Abbey Alexander son of
Edward de Prestwich, with the assent of
Adam his heir, about 1200 gave an acre
and toft of his land in Heaton, between
Terebrook and Mereshaw, next to his
mill ; Cockermnd Chartul. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
723. This heir was no doubt the Adam
de Heaton of 1212. One charter of Alex-
ander son of Adam de Heaton has been
noticed ; by another he gave to Peter son
of Adam de Radcliffe his part of Puchlin-
cheles in Heaton, the boundaries begin-
ning at the brook and going across to the
bounds of Middleton, thence to Hich and
down to Puchlissale brook, and up the
brook to the starting point ; the rent was
4<D</., and a third part of the forinsic ser-
vice for the vill was also due ; Wilton D.
Thomas de Prestwich was a witness to
this grant. To Alexander, Thomas his
son succeeded. In 1292 Thomas de
Heaton and Joan his wife secured two
messuages, a mill, and lands in Prestwich
and Heaton from William son of William
de Hopwood ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 171.

There is one other early fine relating
to this township ; ibid, i, 66.

18 A number of entries in the parish

81

registers referring to them are printed by
Booker, PrestwicA, 176, 177. There is a
reference to them in Vitit. of 1533 (Chet.
Soc.), 218.

19 In 1619 Richard Holland's estate in
Heaton was described as seven messuages,
60 acres of arable land, &c., in Heaton on
Fallowfield, held of the king by knight's
service ; and 12 acres of land, meadow,
and pasture in Over Heaton lately pur-
chased from Oswald Mosley, tenure un-
known ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 142, 146. A like state-
ment was made as to his brother Ed-
ward's estate in 1636 ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxvii, 42.

20 See the account of Denton for this
family ; also Booker, Denton (Chet. Soc.),
16.

The Prestwich registers began in 1603,
and the Hollands of Heaton seem to have
been buried in the church from 1616 on-
wards. Thomas Holland, of the Old Hall
in Heaton, had a son baptized in 1627,
and was buried in 1651 ; Booker, Prest-
<wicb, 176, 177. As 'Holland of Hea-
ton' they recorded a pedigree in 1664;
Dugdale, Vhit. (Chet. Soc.), 146.

21 Booker, op. cit. 178. Sir John Eger-
ton and Elizabeth his wife were the defor-
ciants in a fine concerning the manors of
Denton, Heaton, &c., in 1685 ; PaL of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 214, m. 41. For
Sir John Egerton and his family see G.E.C.
Complete Baronetage, i, 108. Lady Eliza-
beth died in 1701.

22 Baptized at Prestwich 6 Jan. 1686-7,
having been born 18 Dec. 1686 ; the
younger children of the marriage do not
appear in the Prestwich registers. On
entering Brasenose College, Oxford, in
1704, he was called fifteen years of age ;
Foster, Alumni. He succeeded his father
as fourth baronet in 1729.

23 In 1711 a settlement of the manors
of Heaton, Denton, &c., had been made,
Holland Egerton and his brother Edward
being deforciants in the fine ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 267, m. 34. Sir
Holland was a distinguished antiquary.
He appears to have resided usually at
Heaton Hall, as his children were baptized
at Prestwich. He died at Heaton, 25 Apr.
1730, and was buried at Madeley.

24 Sir Edward Egerton, the fourth son,
was baptized 2 June 1719 ; matriculated
at Oxford (Brasenose College), 1736 ;
Foster, Alumni. He died of smallpox, un-
married, on 1 6 Feb. 1743-4; his monu-
ment in Prestwich Church records the
virtues by which he adorned an ancient
and illustrious family.

His brother and successor, Sir Thomas
Grey Egerton, was baptized 7 Nov. 1721,
and entered Brasenose College in 1740.

II

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Egerton, created Earl of Wilton in iSoi.K His
daughter and sole heir Eleanor married Robert, Earl
Grosvenor, afterwards Marquis of Westminster, and
the Heaton estates went to her second son, Thomas,
born in 1799, who by a special remainder succeeded
his maternal grandfather in 1814 as second Earl of
Wilton. He assumed the name of Egerton, and
dying in 1882,*® was succeeded by his eldest surviving
son, Arthur Edward Holland Grey Egerton, who
died without issue in 1885. His heir was his brother,
Seymour John Grey Egerton, fourth earl. He died
in 1898, and his son, Arthur George Egerton, in
1901 sold Heaton Park and some adjacent lands
to the Corporation of Manchester, the price being
£230,000. All rights, such as minerals, &c., were
included in the purchase. The park was opened to
the public on 24 September, 1902."

Heaton House stands on an elevated situation in
Heaton Park, and was built in 1772 by Sir Thomas
Egerton (afterwards first Earl of Wilton), James
Wyatt being the architect. It is a lew classic struc-
ture facing south with a circular projection in the
centre surmounted by a dome, and east and west
wings connected with the main building by colon-
nades.*8 There is a circular temple to the south-east
of the house, and later extensions were made on the
east side by the addition of conservatories. The
building, in which the Ionic order is used, is a good
specimen of the early work of Wyatt, and is now
used by the Manchester Corporation for exhibition
and other purposes in connection with the park.

The land tax returns of 1787 show that Lord Grey
de Wilton paid about half the sums collected from
Great and from Little Heaton.*9

In 1852 the whole of the land in Great Heaton
belonged to the Earl of Wilton, except one cottage

with its garden plot ; ' this cottage, situated at Catty
green, is claimed by the township as the representative
of its former owner, who upwards of a century ago,
mysteriously disappeared, leaving no traces of his
destination, and, what is more remarkable, no heirs
to succeed to his property.'*0 This lies on the edge
of a detached portion of Great Heaton, as also do
parts of Bow Lee and Rhodes.31 Of Bow Lee, how-
ever, it is said that the cottages built there about 1800
stood on neutral ground, no decision being given as to
whether they were in Prestwich or in Middleton ;
hence they escaped local rates, and no relief was given
by either parish."

In Little Heaton the hamlet of Simisters Lane takes
its names from James Somister, who about 1730 pur-
chased a small farm there, and prospering, afterwards
added three others, his estate reaching 52 acres. He
died in i78o.M

From a feoffment of 1681 it appears that Robert
Lever of Alkrington owned the old hall of Heaton,
with its demesne lands.14

For the worship of the Established Church All
Saints' was built at Rhodes in 1864 ; the rector of
Middleton is the patron. There is attached the
school church of St. Thomas, Bow Lee.

ALKRINGTON

Alkinton, 1212 ; Alkeryngton, 1313 ; Alcrinton,
1324; Alkryngton, 1443.

This township is bounded on the south-west by a
brook running into the Irk, and by the Irk itself and
its affluent the Wince Brook for the most part on the
north. The surface is mostly above the 300 ft. level,
but slopes downwards to the bounding brooks.1 The
highest ground, 350 ft., is in the south-east and north-

He was one of the Tory members for
Newton, 1747 to 1754 ; Pink and Beaven,
Part. Repre. of Lanct. 289. He died at
Heaton 8 July 1756, and was buried at
Prestwich, his epitaph stating that he was
pressed to continue to represent Newton,
* but preferring the satisfaction of a private
station declined it and retired to his
country seat, where he made great im-
provements, and lived usefully, hospitably,
and charitably amongst his neighbours.'
Some of his benefactions are recorded in
the account of the charities. His widow
Katherine, a daughter of the Rev. John
Copley, fellow of Manchester, lived till
1791.

25 He was baptized 10 June 1749, at
Prestwich ; educated at Christ Church,
Oxford; M.A. 1769; Foster, Alumni}
knight of the shire for Lancashire, 1772
to 1784, being a Tory ; Pink and Beaven,
op. cit. 86-7 ; created Baron Grey de Wil-
ton in 1 784, and Viscount Grey de Wilton
and Earl of Wilton of Wilton Castle,
Herefordshire, in 1 80 1, this creation having
a special remainder, failing his issue male,
to the second and younger sons of his
daughter in tail male ; G.E.C. Complete
Peerage, viii, 161. In 1779 he paid a
rent of 6s. %d. for the manor of Heaton ;
Duchy of Lane. Rentals, 14, 25 m. In
the same year he raised a corps of in-
fantry— the Royal Lancashire Volunteers
— the expenses being borne by himself and
other private persons ; Drill Field, between
High Bank and Sedgeley Park, being used
for one of the companies for drill. He
was commander of the regiment as lieut.-
colonel. It was disbanded in 1783, but

another was afterwards raised, of which
Lord Wilton was colonel ; he accom-
panied it to Ireland, and was stationed at
Dublin Castle in 1801, at the proclama-
tion of the Union ; Nicholls, PrestwicA,
57-63. He died 23 Sept. 1814, and was
buried at Prestwich ; his countess, Eleanor,
a daughter and co-heir of Sir Ralph Asshe-
ton of Middleton, died 3 Feb. 1816.

38 G.E.C. Complete Peerage, loc. cit He
was a keen sportsman, being fond of hunt-
ing and yachting ; for a few years, 1827 to
1838, races were held at Heaton Park.
He was also devoted to music, encouraged
glee-singing, and was a good organist ;
Nicholls, PrestwicA, 42-8, with por-
trait. He composed the tune called ' Prest-
wich.' His countess, a daughter of the
twelfth Earl of Derby by his second wife,
Miss Farren, was the Lady Bountiful of
the district, 'idolized by the gentry and
tenantry, as well as by the poorest.'

Private Acts of Parliament concerning
the disposition of the estates were passed
in 5 Geo. IV, cap. 1 1, and I Viet. cap. 37.

^ Nicholls, op. cit. 111-15. The full
extent of the purchase is 693 acres. There
is a herd of deer in the park.

28 There is a brief description of the
hall, with a view (1795), in Aikin, Country
Round Manch. 236.

29 Returns at Preston. There was no
other considerable holder, but in 1784
Sir Assheton Lever had paid a quarter of
the tax for Little Heaton.

80 Booker, Prestwich, 78.

81 Richard son of Thomas the Choffer
of the Rhodes (Rodis) demised for life to
John the Keuer a house with inclosed

82

curtilage and a piece of land on which
Richard's chamber formerly stood ; this
was in 1336 ; Lord Wilton's D.

83 Booker, op. cit. 81. Bow Lee Com-
mon is in a detached part of Little Heaton;
Bow Lee Farm in Middleton.

In 1587 Richard Holland of Denton,
being by descent seised of a moiety of the
manor of Heaton and a third part of a
certain waste ground called the ' Balle
Lye,' parcel of the said manor, in the
parishes of Prestwich and Middleton,
complained that while certain of his
tenants dug turves in the Balle Lye, ac-
cording to custom, John Hopwood, Isabel
Hopwood, and others had entered Balle
Lye by night and cut those turves in
pieces, claiming the ground, or at least
common of turbary therein, by certain
deeds of which they had possessed them-
selves ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, cxlii, H. 4.
The Hopwoods of Rhodes Green are
noticed in Booker, op. cit. 230.

88 Ibid. 80.

84 Raines D. (Chet. Lib.). In a later
deed (1699) in the same collection Robert
Lever speaks of the dwelling house pur-
chased from Thomas Hilton, the lands
purchased from (i) James Lightbown,
(2) John Dauntesey, Otho Holland, and
Robert Ravald, and (3) Robert Johnson,
all in Heaton ; as well as others in Prest-
wich, purchased from Edmund Ashton.
As early as 1621, however, Robert Lever
of Darcy Lever had held lands in Heaton
Fallowfield of the king in socage ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 255-7.

1 Ordnance Survey.

SALFORD HUNDRED

east. The area is 797. V acres. The population in
1901 was returned with Middleton.*

The principal road is that leading north from Man-
chester to Middleton ; the hall is in the triangle to
the west of this road. Part of the White Moss occu-
pied the south-east corner. There is a colliery.3

For local government the township was in 1 894.
added to the borough of Middleton.*

In 1839 a house in the 'Spaw' at Alkrington
was said to be haunted.5 Some extracts from the
diary of a local farmer, 1774 to 1778, have been
printed.8

No house had as many as six hearths in 1666;
the total number of taxable hearths in the township
was twenty-seven.7

The survey of 1212 gives the earliest
MANOR account of the manor of ALKRINGTON.
At that time it was a member of the
Montbegon fee of eight knights, and was held by
Adam de Prestwich as 4 oxgangs of land ' of ancient
tenure ' by 4*. ; while placed among the manors held by
knight's service, it thus appears as a thegnage estate.8
The Montbegon fee was some twenty years later
alienated to the Lacys, and thus passed to the Crown ;
but the manor of Alkrington continued to descend
with Prestwich,9 the tenure being changed to the

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

twenty-fourth part of a knight's fee, with a rent of
lo</. The inquisitions, however, do not state the
tenure quite uniformly.10

On the death of Sir Robert Langley, in 1561, this
manor was given to his daughter Katherine, who
married Thomas Legh of
Lyme, but died in 1591 with-
out issue." The Leghs, how-
ever, appear to have retained
the manor, for it was sold in
1627 by Thomas Legh, Alice
his wife, and John Legh, to
Robert and John Lever."
The purchasers were probably
younger sons of Robert Lever
of Darcy Lever, who died in
1620." Robert Lever, his
son, was a clothier in Lon-
don, and died unmarried about
1642 ; John Lever, another son, was ' of Alkrington,'
and died in 1645, being buried at Middleton.14 His
eldest son Robert married Anne the daughter and
heir of Nicholas Mosley of Collyhurst, and died in
1710, a very aged man.14 His son John died in
1718, and was succeeded by his son Sir Darcy Lever,
who served as high sheriff in 1736, and was

LEVER. Argent tvto
bendlets sable, the under-
meit engrailed.

8 Pop. Rep. 1901.

3 For an accident in 1774 see Lanes.
and Chet. Antiq. Soc. vii, 68.

4 Local Govt. Bd. Order 31625; the
population was given as $65.

5 Mancb. Guardian Local N. and Q.
DO. 739.

6 Ibid. no. 1244.

7 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

8 Lanes. Inq. and Extentt (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 61.

9 It was included in the settlement of
the Prestwich estate in 1313; Final Cone.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 16.

In 1276 and later years Adam son of
Thomas de Prestwich had to defend his
right to certain land in Alkrington, to
which Robert Grelley laid claim ; De
Banco R. 15, m. 36 d. ; 18, m. 29 ; 24,
m. 20.

10 In the De Lacy Inq. of 1311 (Chet.
Soc.) Adam de Prestwich was returned
as holding of the Earl of Lincoln the
manor of Alkrington by the service of the
fourth part of a knight's fee, and suit to
the court; p. 19. From later notices it
appears that 'fourth' is an error for
4 twenty-fourth.'

Alice de Prestwich was in 1324 said to
hold half a plough-land in Alkrington by
the service of i zd. a year ; Duchy of
Lane. Rentals and Surv. 379, no. 13.
In 1346 the heirs of John de Radcliffe
and Alice de Prestwich were said to hold
it in socage by a rent of 1 2</. ; Dods. MSS.
Ixxxvii, fol. 6o/>. A similar return was
made a century later, Margaret wife of
Roger (Thomas) Langley then holding it
in socage, rendering i zd. a year ; she said
she held it by joint feoffment and showed
a charter ; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, 2/20. In explanation of this the
inquisition taken in 1447 after the death
of Robert Langley of Agecroft states that
he had held a moiety of the manor of Al-
krington of the king as Duke of Lancaster
in socage by a rent of zod.t and that he
had enfeoffed Thomas his son and Mar-
gery his wife of two parts of the said
moiety ; Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 34,
35. After the death of Thomas Langley,

twenty-five years later, he was said to
have held nine messuages and tenements,
' parcel of the manor of Alkrington,' by
the twentieth part of a knight's fee, the
manor being held by knight's service and
a rent of zod. ; Agecroft D. Thus both
the tenure and the rent are variously
stated at different times ; but the latest
— by knight's service and zod. — was re-
peated after the death of Sir Robert Lang-
ley in 1561 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xi, 1 6. The clear value at this time was

&•

11 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xv, 12.
This recites that Katherine married
Thomas Legh (who survived her) at
Alkrington on i Aug. 1564. She had
twenty-two messuages, &c., in Alkring-
ton and Prestwich, held of the queen as
of the Duchy of Lancaster by knight's
service, those in the former place also
rendering 61. and those in the latter s)s.
a year. The heirs were her sisters Anne
Dauntesey and Margaret Holland, aged
fifty-four and fifty-two years. A settle-
ment was made in 1571 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 3 3, m. 1 84.

In 1581 Thomas Legh and Katherine
his wife, setting forth that they were
seised in fee tail of the manor of Alkring-
ton, &c., complained that Robert Langley
of Prestwich was detaining some of the
deeds of the estate. Langley replied that
the deeds were in the keeping of Alexander
Reddish, son of Margery, then wife of
Richard Holland, and that Katherine had
agreed to this ; Duchy of Lane. Plead.
cxxii, L. 4 ; cxvii, L. 4.

12 Thomas Legh seems to have married
a second time, for in the pedigree recorded
in 1613 four sons are given him — Robert,
John, Roger, and Thomas ; Vitit. (Chet.
Soc.), 51. Robert Legh of Alkrington
appears among the freeholders of 1600 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
246. He was buried at Middleton
19 Aug. i6z3. The vendors in 1627
were, perhaps, his brothers ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. m,no. 38. Further
particulars of the family are given in the
will of Thomas Legh of Alkrington, dated

83

22 Oct. 15974 It recites an indenture of
25 March 1596-7 between himself and
Edmund Trafford of Trafford, that the
latter was to pay him £700. Of this sum
£300 was left to Thomas Legh, 'my
reputed son,' while John and Roger Legh,
two other reputed sons, had £400 between
them. He also names his daughters
Creature and Margaret Legh and Elizabeth
reputed daughter of his son Robert Legh.
Brother James Legh was to have a dapple
dunn nagge and son Robert Legh his gold
chain. The executrix was his wife
Katherine, who was guardian of the chil-
dren, with his loving brother-in-law, Sir
Ric. Shuttleworth. Probate was dated at
Chester 7 Feb. 1597-8; Huntroyde D.,
v, 20 (by Mr. H. Ince Anderton).

18 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 186 ; a
full pedigree of the Lever family is con-
tained in Piccope's MS. Pedigrees (Chet.
Lib.), i, 348, and has been followed here.
There is also an account of the family,
with extracts from the registers, in Booker,
Prestwicbj 204-8.

14 Ibid. 206. John Lever paid £iz los.
in 1631 on declining knighthood ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 215.

15 Booker, loc. cit. He was dispensed
from attendance at Prestwich Church and
allowed to go to Middleton ; Gastrell,
Notitia, ii, 109.

A feoffment made in 1681 shows that
Robert Lever held the manor of Alkring-
ton, with the hall, the Old Hall of Heaton
in Prestwich, Gorton Hall, Collyhurst
Hall, and lands in a number of the sur-
rounding townships. In 1699 he made a
settlement of his estates with remainders
to his children Robert, John, Catherine,
and Jane. The deeds are among the
Raines collection in the Chetham Library.

A Captain Lever of ' Olerington ' is
mentioned in 1689 ; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 222.

Robert and John sons of Robert Lever
of Alkrington entered Brasenose College,
Oxford, in 1691, aged eighteen and fif-
teen respectively ; they were afterwards of
Gray's Inn ; Foster, Alumni. Robert died
in his father's lifetime, unmarried.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

knighted.16 He married Dorothy, a daughter and co-
heir of the Rev. William Ashton, rector of Prest-
wich.17

Their eldest son, Sir Ashton Lever, was high sheriff
in 1 77 1,18 and made a knight in 1778, and died ten
years later without issue. He collected a large
museum of curiosities, wh ch was exhibited at his
residence at Alkrington. Wishing at length to dis-
pose of it, he obtained an Act of Parliament author-
izing him to do so by a lottery, and in 1785 the
drawing took place. The winner afterwards exhibited
the collection in London, and it was not dispersed
until l8o6.19 Sir Ashton was succeeded by his
brother the Rev. John Lever, who left several child-
ren.*0 The younger son, John, settled at Alkrington,
and died in 1834, aged sixty-two. The estate then

passed to his nephew Doming Rasbotham, who in
I 844 sold it to John Lees and his brothers of Clark's
Field near Oldham." Their representatives continue
to hold the manor and most of the land, but the hall
has been sold. It is a plain but well-designed brick
house erected in 1736 on the site of an older build-
ing by Sir Darcy Lever. The situation was formerly
one of much picturesqueness, being on elevated ground
in the midst of woods and overlooking Heaton Park,
and despite many changes in the surroundings it still
retains some of its former characteristics. The general
effect of the principal front is now somewhat spoiled
by the removal of the old window bars and the
substitution of plate glass, but it is still one of much
dignity. The hipped roof is partly concealed by a
high brick parapet.

ALKRINGTON HALL

18 Darcy Lever entered Brasenose Col-
lege in 1722, being seventeen years of
age; he was created D.C.L. in 1733;
Foster, Alumni. He made a settlement of
the manor of Alkrington in Mar. 1725,
previous to his marriage ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 293 ; ibid. Plea R. 520,
m. 5, 7. He was appointed sheriff 3 1 Dec.
1735, and his successor on 20 Jan. 1737 ;
P.R.O. List, 74.

The pedigree of the family is set out in
the case of Lever v. Hunt, which was
carried up to the House of Lords in 1736-7.
It appeared that John Hunt of Manchester
had in 1 6 1 2 leased premises in Market Street
Lane, Manchester, for 120 years to Robert
Lever of Darcy Lever, clothier, who left
it to his son John. In 1642 and 1644
John Lever obtained the reversion of the
premises, and died intestate in 1645 > n's
widow Catherine afterwards entered into
possession and left them to a younger son
John, who had them for life, and was fol-
lowed by his son, who died without issue.
Robert the eldest son was followed by his
only son John, who gave the premises to

a younger son John Revel ; on his death,
without issue, Sir Darcy Lever claimed as
brother and heir. John Andrews claimed
as the heir of the Robert Lever of 1612.

17 The marriage took place at Prest-
wich 3 May 1725 ; and Sir Darcy Lever
was buried thereon 15 Aug. 1742; Booker,
207.

18 P.R.O. List, 74.

Ashton Lever was vouchee in a recovery
of the manor in 1753 ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 579, m. 2.

19 There is an engraving of him in
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), ii, 565, a
verbal portrait in Booker, op. cit. 205,
and a biography in Diet. Nat. Biog.

He was educated at Corpus Christ!
College, Oxford, matriculating in 1748,
at nineteen years of age ; Foster, Alumni.
He died at Manchester, not without sus-
picion of having poisoned himself.

His collection began with live birds,
and went on to shells, fossils, &c., and to
the weapons, &c., of savage tribes. In
1773, 'being tired out with the insolence
of the common people,' he restricted admis-

84

sion to his acquaintance and those who
came provided with a ticket from some one
known to him ; Booker, op. cit. 204. On
29 Aug. 1774 the visitors to the museum
numbered 3,320; Manch. Guardian Local
N. and Q. no. 1 244. The collection was
removed to London in October and shown
at Leicester House; in 1782 the sum of
,£2,253 was received for entrance fees.
Sir Ashton wished it to be kept together,
and having failed to induce the Govern-
ment to purchase it for the British
Museum he fell back on the lottery ;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 516.
See also Pal. Note Bk. ii, 55, 85 ; Wai-
ford, Old and New Land, iii, 165. For
an account of the sale in 1 806 see Baines,
ut sup.

A poem on the collection, dated 1774,
is reprinted in Oldham Notes and Glean.
ii, 99.

20 The eldest son Darcy Lever, who
died at Edinburgh in 1839, wrote on
navigation ; see Diet. Nat. Biog.

21 Canon Raines in Gastrell, Noeitia
(Chet. Sic.), ii, no.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Bradshaw Hall lies in the north-east part of the
township, in a plot cut off from the main area by
Wince Brook. It was anciently part of the lands of
the Hospitallers, and was afterwards granted to the
Earls of Derby, of whom it was held in the early part
of the i yth century by a branch of the Chadderton
family.22

TONGE

Tonge, 1392, usual ; Tong, 1482.

This township occupies, as its name implies, a
tongue of land between the Irk on the north and its
affluent, the Wince Brook, on the south. The area
is 392 acres. The surface is mostly above the 300 ft.
level — 360 ft. is reached at Mills Hill l — sloping down
to the streams named. The population in 1901 was
included with Middleton.*

The principal roads are those branching out from
Middleton, to the east to Oldham and to the south-
east to Hollinwood and Failsworth. Dwelling-houses
have spread out along these roads, so that the town-
ship has long been a suburb of Middleton, to which
borough it was added for local government purposes
in 1 86 1 ,3 In 1 894. Tonge lost its status as a township
or civil parish, and became completely merged in
Middleton.Sa

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company's
line from Manchester to Rochdale passes through
the eastern side, with a branch to Middleton, opened
in 1857. From this the part of Tonge called Middle-
ton Junction takes its name, though the junction itself
is in Chadderton. Middleton station is in Tonge.
A light railway is laid along the road from Middleton
to Oldham. The Manchester and Rochdale canal
touches the eastern border.

In this township there were only fifteen hearths
liable to the tax in 1666 ; no house had more than
two.4

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

Originally TONGE seems to have been
M4NOR a part of Alkrington, and is not called
a manor. It was, therefore, part of the
Prestwich lands, and does not come into notice for
some time after these lands had descended to the
Langleys of Agecroft. In 1 390 a Henry de Alkrington
died, holding of the king by knight's service two mes-
suages and certain lands in Alkrington called Tonge.5
From the inquisition and subsequent pleadings it
appears that Henry was descended from Thomas the
son of Adam de Prestwich, whose daughters and
heirs left no legitimate offspring.6 It would appear
that Thomas had a natural son named Henry
for whom he made provision by granting this out-
lying part of his manor of Alkrington. Henry's son
Henry died, as stated, in 1390, leaving a son Henry,
only eighteen months old.7 He proved his age in
1412, and had livery of his lands;8 afterwards he
took Tonge as his surname, and his descendants con-
tinued in possession until the i8th century.

Henry de Tonge in 1437-8 laid claim to the
Prestwich inheritance, but illegitimacy was asserted
as a defence.9 He died before 1470, when his son
Richard had to claim his inheritance against Thomas
Langley of Agecroft, who had expelled him.10 The
suit was still proceeding in 1482, when John Langley
and Richard Tonge stated their claims.11 In 1498
Richard assigned a portion of his lands in Tonge to
feoffees in view of the marriage of his son Thomas
with Margaret daughter of Thomas Newton ; he died
two years afterwards, holding various lands of the
king as Duke of Lancaster, by knight's service. His
son and heir Thomas was then eighteen years of age.11

Thomas duly proved his age in I5O4.13 Three
years later it was awarded that Robert Langley and
his tenants in Alkrington should enjoy common of
pasture in Tonge Moor, but turbary was denied ex-
cept to certain tenants named.14 In 1527 Thomas
Tonge granted to Robert Langley a part of the moor,
with common of pasture, turbary and marl.15 The

w Children of Edmund Chadderton aliat
Bradshaw appear in the Middleton registers
from 1615.

Robert Chadderton, yeoman, died 8 Mar.
1638-9, holding a messuage and land
called Bradshaw in Alkrington, of William,
Earl of Derby, as of the dissolved priory of
St. John of Jerusalem ; he also held lands
in Audenshaw and in Manchester. By a
fine levied two years earlier the lands
were settled on Robert for his life, after
his decease a third part to Elizabeth his
wife, then to Edmund and Robert his
sons. Edmund the son and heir was
thirty-one years of age in 1639 ; Inq.
p.m. in Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), p. 248.

Robert Chadderton alias Bradshaw was
buried at Middlcton on 8 Mar. 1638-9 ;
an abstract of his will is given in Munch.
Ct. Lett Rec. iv, 114.

Thomas Chadderton of Alkrington paid
to the land tax in 1787.

The Hospitallers had lands in Acrington
{? Alkrington) in 1292 ; Plac.de Quo War.
(Rec. Com.), 375.

iQ.S.

* Pop. Ret. 1901.

8 By the Middleton and Tonge Im-
provement Act.

*a By Local Govt. Bd. Order 31625 of
1894.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

5 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 57,

58, where several illustrative documents
are printed.

In Feb. 1356-7, Henry son of Henry
son of Thomas demanded against John
de Radcliffe the elder and Joan his wife,
24 acres in Prestwich ; and against Alice,
widow of Thomas de Prestwich, 12 acres
in the same town ; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 5, m. 4.

* See the account of Prestwich.

~' Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 57.
Henry the son was baptized in Middleton
Church, 5 Oct. 1388.

8 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxvii, App. 1 74.

9 Lanes. Inq. p.m. i, 5 8.

10 PaL of Lane. Plea R. 37, m. 12 d ;
Henry Tonge, father of Richard, was
seised of two messuages, 50 acres of land,
6 acres of meadow, and 4 acres of wood
called Tonge, in the vill of Prestwich,
and of 100 acres of moor called Tonge
Moor. After the death of Henry,
Richard entered, until Thomas Langley,
John Langley, and others expelled him.
The Langleys, in reply, quoted the fine of
1313 respecting the descent of the Prest-
wich lands.

In 1450-1 Richard Tonge, 'yeoman,'
had been charged with felony by Thomas
Langley ; ibid. R. 17, m. 1 6. Later,
Richard had to complain that Edmund
Ashton and various others of Chadderton
had taken turf in his several turbary ;
ibid. R. 5 1, m. 7 d.

85

Abstracts of the Tonge title deeds are
contained in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
xiii, 172-81.

11 Agecroft D. 85; the fine of 1313
was again referred to, and Richard Tonge
asserted the legitimacy of his descent from
Thomas son of Alice de Wolveley. See
also Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton, file
22 Edw. IV, a.

19 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 81 ;
the estate is described as three messuages,
50 acres of land, &c., and 100 acres of
moss and moor called Tonge Moor alias
Tonge in Prestwich. The bounds of the
portion given to the daughter-in-law's
trustees mentioned the 'little oak
marked," the 'water of Irk,' and the
Fyne meadow in Middleton. Richard
died 19 Apr. 1500; his son reached
eighteen years of age on the following
Michaelmas, and was already married.

13 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 544.

14 Agecroft D. 95.

15 Ibid. 102. In 1556 Sir Robert
Langley granted an acre of Tonge Moor,
at a rent of I2</. to Mary, widow of
Ralph Standish, and Edward, brother of
Ralph ; ibid. 122.

The date of Thomas's death is given
as 1 6 Feb. 1542; the estate remained
unchanged ; the son and heir was John
Tonge, aged thirty ; H. Fishwick in
Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. x, 28, quoting
the Inq. p.m.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

next of the family known is John Tonge, the son of
Thomas, who died in 1551, holding various lands in
Tonge of the king by the hun-
dredth part of a knight's fee ;
Richard his son and heir was
only two years of age.16
Richard died at the end of
1568, being still in ward-
ship ; he left a son Christo-
pher, two years of age, about
whose legitimacy there was
some doubt, and apart from
whom the heirs were Ric-
hard's sisters Ellen, Jane, and
Dorothy, aged twenty - one,
nineteen, and nineteen years.17

Christopher's right must have been established, for
he held possession of the estates in Prestwich, Mid-
dleton, Tonge, and Alkrington.18 In 1590 he made
provision for the jointure of Jane daughter of William
Bamford, whom he married. He died 10 February
1600— i, and was buried at Middleton. Richard the
son and heir was not quite three years old.19 In
1631 he paid j£io after refusing knighthood.10 From
this time little can be said of the family, except the
details in the pedigree ; " its members do not appear
to have taken any conspicuous part in the Civil War

TONGE. Azure a bend
between two cotises argent
and tix martlets or.

or the Revolution. Richard Tonge, who died in
1713, bequeathed his newly-purchased lands in Hop-
wood to his elder son Jonathan, subject to an annuity
of £20 a year to his wife Alice, and a sum of £500
to his younger son Thomas, then a minor." In spite
of this bequest he appears to have died insolvent, and
the executors refusing to act, administration of his
estate was granted to creditors. By his second
wife he left two sons, Jonathan and Thomas, of
whom the latter had issue. The son Jonathan
in 1725 demised his estate to his brother Thomas,
with instructions to sell it.w In the following year it
was purchased by John Starky of Heywood,*4 whose
grandson James Starky in 1846 left it to his rela-
tives, Mrs. Hornby of St. Michael's, and Joseph
Langton of Liverpool.24 The trustees of the late
Charles Langton are stated to be the present lords
of the manor and chief landowners.

Tonge Hall passed through several hands. About
1890 it was purchased by Mr. Asheton Tonge of
Alderley, stated to be a descendant of the old family.26
The hall, a picturesque fragment of a black and
white timber and plaster house standing on a low
stone base, is now completely dismantled, and in a
sad state of decay and dilapidation. The house was
originally of much greater extent, and a drawing of
the building as it was about 1845 i7 shows that the

16 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 7 ;
the will of John Tonge is recited, as well
as the provision for his wife, Dorothy
daughter of Roger Downes. His wife,
son, and three daughters are mentioned
in the will ; his half-brother Richard was
to have sufficient turf from the moss in
Tonge to burn in his house, and thirty
loads of thorns.

In 1547 there had been a dispute be-
tween Edmund Chadderton and John
Tonge (and others), as to turbary on the
moor ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 223.

John Tonge died 31 July 1551, and
was buried at Middleton on 6 Aug. The
wardship and marriage of Richard, the heir,
were granted to Thurstan Rawstorne ;
Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 561.

17 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, 9.
No reason is given for the qualification
'if not admitted by law,' respecting
Christopher.

Richard died 10 Nov. 1568, and im-
mediately afterwards Margaret his widow,
the daughter of James Heywood, made
a claim under a marriage settlement against
Elizabeth Heywood, widow ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 371.

18 During his minority the wardship
was granted to Gilbert Sherington, and
by him transferred to Thomas Legh of
Alkrington. The latter gave Christopher
to understand that his uncle Peter Hey-
wood would do nothing for him, whereby
his lands would be lost, and prevailed on
the youth of fifteen to marry 'a notorious
harlot,' Katherine Jackson, by whom
Thomas Legh had had several children.
A divorce was granted in 1583 ; H. Fish-
wick as above (p. 29), quoting a deed in
Raines MSS. xiii, 174.

19 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xviii, 14,
in which the marriage settlements are set
forth. The estate is described as twelve
messuages, a cottage, twelve gardens, two
orchards, 80 acres of lands, &c., in Tonge,
&c. The remainders after Christopher's
issue were to Jane, his aunt, Gervase
Utterus son of Ellen, another aunt, and
Margaret sister of Gervase. Some field

names are given, as Bent Meadow, Cross
Field, and Rye Hill. Besides his sons
Richard and Ashton he had daughters
Mary, Jane, and Winifred.

Immediately after his death disputes
arose as to lands leased to the Hiltons ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 461.

Richard son of Christopher Tonge was
baptized at Middleton 7 May 1598.

20 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 215.

Richard Tonge was buried at Middle-
ton 3 Apr. 1678.

21 A pedigree wat recorded in 1664;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 303. It
begins with Christopher Tonge, and shows
the descent through Richard to his son
Jonathan, aged 28, who had a son Richard,
aged six.

Jonathan son of Mr. Richard Tonge
was baptized at Middleton, 12 Aug. 1636.
He was married to Sarah White-head, at
Prestwich, on 27 June 1655, and was
buried at Middleton 25 May 1680. His
son Richard is named in the text.

22 Booker, Presnvich, 209, 210. The
author remarks : 'Though a family of
note it does not appear that arms were
ever granted to them. . . . From an im-
pression of the seal of Richard Tonge in
the latter part of the I7th century he
appears to have borne a bend cotised
between six martlets." These arms were
recorded in 1664 according to the printed
Visitation, which is not quite trustworthy
from the letter S onward.

28 Col. Fishwick's article, as above

(P- 30-

24 The deed is enrolled at Preston,
R. 12 of Geo. I; see Piccope MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), iii, 230. The price named

«« ^4.350-

The pedigree is thus given : John
Starky, d. 1749 — s. John, d. 1780 — s.
James, high sheriff, 1791, d. 1846 ; Hey-
•wood N. and Q. (ed. Green), iii, 35.

James Starky in 1795 paid more than
half the land tax for Tonge ; there was
no other considerable holder ; Returns at
Preston.

86

88 Canon Raines in Gastrell, Notitia
Cestr., ii, no. From the pedigree of the
Langton family in Foster, Lanes. Pedigrees,
it appears that Joseph Starky, M.D., of
Redvales, Bury, younger son of John
Starky, the purchaser of Royton, had two
daughters — Mary, who married William
Langton, and was succeeded by her son
Joseph and grandson Charles ; and Anne,
who married the Rev. Hugh Hornby of
St. Michael's.

26 Fishwick, loc. cit.

For the pedigree see Booker, op. cit.
212, and Gen. Mag. iii, 349, 406,
where it is shown that the last Richard
Tonge was thrice married — (i) in 1681 to
Esther daughter of William Richardson of
Crompton ; (ii) in 1691 to Jane daughter
of Thomas Percival of Royton and widow
of John Gilliam ; (iii) in 1699 to Alice
daughter of Benjamin Wrigley of Chamber
Hall.

The Tonge family had several branches.
Henry Tonge of Farnworth died in 1614,
holding lands in Farnworth, Kearsley, and
Worsley, leaving his brother John as heir;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 283.

In 1722 administration of the goods of
Richard Tonge of Middleton was granted
to his brother Ashton Tonge. In the
following year administration of the goods
of Ashton Tonge of Tonge, weaver, were
granted to his widow Dorothy. In 1772
administration of the goods of Ashton
Tonge of Worsley, carpenter, were granted
to his widow Jane. The will of Richard
Tonge of Worsley, yeoman, was proved
in 1798 ; it mentions his shares in ships,
a blacklead pencil factory at Worsley, and
various lands, including a house in Deans-
gate, Manchester ; Mary his wife, and
Thomas Fletcher his brother-in-law, were
two of the executors. Jane Tonge of
Worsley, widow, by her will of 1808 left
her estate to her four daughters.

2' Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc, x. ; in
Booker, Presnvicb, is another view, dated
1852.

SALFORD HUNDRED

whole of the west end, including a projecting porch
and gable in front of the present brick-faced portion
of the principal elevation, has been destroyed.

The house is situated on high ground above the
valley of the Irk, facing north, and overlooking the
town of Middleton. It was probably erected in the
latter part of the i6th century, and is an interesting
specimen of the timber architecture of the county.
What remains consists of the central and eastern
wings, two stories in height, which preserve their
original timber and plaster construction on the north
and east sides. The south and west sides have been
rebuilt in brick. The exterior timber-work consists
of roughly-shaped beams and posts with a filling-in of
square quatrefoil panels. The continuous repetition
of the quatrefoils, broken only by the shallow plaster
coves which mark the lines of the first floor and
eaves, gives a somewhat rich and ornamental appear-
ance to the building, though the detail is poor. The
oak pegs are left projecting about an inch all round
the panels, and form a characteristic feature of the
building, which, however, has a very dilapidated
appearance, the gables being without barge boards,
the windows without glass, and portions of the front
of the house boarded up. In other parts the walls

OF TONGE HALL

are broken through, and open for anyone to enter.
The west end of the principal or north elevation has
been refaced in brick in front where the porch origin-
ally stood, and there is some brick patching in other
parts of the front of the house. The roofs are
covered with grey stone slates, and the chimney shafts
are of brick set diagonally on a square base.

The interior is in an even worse state than
the outside, and very little of interest remains.
The principal apartment, or great hall, which is paved
with stone flags, occupies the whole of the west (or
what was the centre) wing, but has been divided in
later times unequally across its length by a partition.
It measures about 27 ft. in length and 21 ft. in width,
and had a large bay window 9 ft. square at the north-east
end. The position of the screens seems to be indicated

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

by the present passage at the west end of the room,
which is now separated from it by a brick wall. The
usual arrangement of the great hall was, however,
probably not strictly adhered to. The fireplace is at
the west end, in the position of the screen, and block-
ing up any way to the passage, except on the north
side. The ceiling is crossed by four massive beams.
When the building was occupied as a farmhouse the
part of the hall on the south side of the partition
was used as a kitchen, and modern windows and a
door were inserted in the south wall. The bay
window with the portion of the great hall on the
north side of the partition is now a separate apart-
ment. The east wing contains a square staircase,
with solid oak steps, and seems to have had originally
two rooms, one on each side of a central chimney.
One of these rooms, however, has again been divided,
and a small apartment, measuring about 1 2 ft. by 1 1 ft.,
formed. This parlour, which has a window on the
east side, is panelled all round with 18th-century
wainscot, and has had a picture over the fireplace, half
of which still remains. In the room at the back
there is still a good 17th-century oak table. There
are five rooms on the first floor, but they offer no
points of interest, and there is a cellar under the front
portion of the east wing. There was appa-
rently a restoration or alteration of the house
in 1703, that date, with the initials R T A.
(Richard Tonge and Alice his wife) being on
three lead spout-heads in different parts of the
building. The initials R. T. were also on a
latch-plate in one of the barns, and in yellow
stain on one of the leaded quarries of the win-
dows. The house was tenanted by a farmer
for some years previous to 1 890 ; since then it
has been unoccupied, and allowed to decay.
During its occupancy as a farm modern win-
dows were inserted on the south and east sides,
and a new brick porch built at the south-east
corner. The owner recently offered it as a
gift to the town of Middleton for use as a
museum, but the offer was not accepted.18
The inquisitions show that the Radcliffes of Smi thills
held land in Tonge of the king, but no details are
given.19 About 1400 William del Dam and Margery
his wife had lands in Tonge.30 Richard Assheton of
Middleton died in 1618, holding land in Tonge of
the king by knight's service, as part of the manor of
Middleton.11

Several places of worship have during the last
century been erected in Tonge. In connexion
with the Established religion St. Michael's, in the
west, was built in 1839, anc^ rebuilt in 1902; the
rector of Prestwich is patron ; and St. Gabriel's,
Middleton Junction, was built in 1885, the Bishop
of Manchester collating. In connexion with the
former is the iron mission church of the Holy In-
nocents.

28 Manch. Guard. I Dec. 1 906.

29 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 12.

80 In 1392 William son of John del
Dam granted to Sir Ralph de Radcliffe all
his messuages and lands in Tonge in the
vill of Prestwich, at a rent of one pepper-
corn for eight years, and 401. afterwards ;
Agecroft D. 41.

The custody of two messuages called
Tonge in Alkrington was in 1401 granted

to William del Dam and Margery his
•wife ; Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 530.

In 1481 at Prestwich Church sworn
declarations were made before a notary,
concerning the lands of John Langley and
Robert his son. Robert Stork, aged So,
said that formerly at the Barkhouses in
Tonge dwelt William Dam, at another
place John Barlow — both houses levelled
with the ground — at Gunthorp Hugh Hob-
son, and later Ralph Hilton, and at another

8?

place Joan Bradshaw. The rent of Bar-
low's and Hobson's houses had been paid
to Richard Barton of Middleton and not
to Henry Tonge. Other witnesses cor-
roborated. Richard Withington had lived
at Gunthorp for thirty-seven years, and
never paid rent except to Richard Barton ;
Agecroft D. 84.

81 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc, Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 107.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

PILKINGTON

Pilkiton, Pilkinton, Pulkinton, 1200; Pilketon,
1 22 1 ; Pilkinton, Pynkelton, Pynkilnton, 1277 ; Pil-
kington, 1282. The forms with and without the g
are common from this time.

This township is bounded on two sides, the south-
west and north, by the River Irwell, which makes an
acute bend at the western corner, and its tributary the
Roch ; on the north-east the Whittle Brook, running
into the latter stream, cuts it off from Pilsworth and
Heap. The southern boundary is formed by the high
land towards Heaton, and the clough towards Prest-
wich. The highest ground is near the centre, a ridge
about a mile from east to west reaching the 400-6. level.
The township measures about 4 miles by 2, and has an
area of 5,469 acres.1 The population in 1901 was
15,578, including 324 in the area added to Unsworth.

For a long time there were three recognized divi-
sions, or hamlets, in the township — Unsworth * in the
east, Whitefield in the centre, and Outwood in the
west. Unsworth village lay in the centre of its divi-
sion on the higher ground between two brooks run-
ning north to Whittle Brook and to the Roch. The
hamlets of Rollins and Blackford Bridge are near the
Roch. Whitefield, also centrally placed, has grown
into a town, stretching along the high road from
Besses o' th' Barn3 on the south to the Irwell. To
the north-west is a suburb of Radcliffe, at the bridge
over the Irwell. To the south of these, on the highest
ground, is the hamlet of Stand, with Pilkington and
Stand Halls. Outwood still has the park on the
border of Prestwich and a number of wooded cloughs.
At the west end are Cinder Hill, part of Ringley — the
other part being across the river, in Kearsley — and
Prestolee.4

The principal road is that from Manchester to
Bury. Two branches of it unite at the southern
border, and go north through Thatchleach, Besses o'
th' Barn, Four Lane Ends, and Whitefield. Here
the road divides again ; one branch goes north to
Bury, crossing the Irk at Wackford Bridge, and another
goes north-west to Radcliffe Bridge. From Whitefield
also roads branch off north-east to Unsworth,south-west
to the Irwell, and west to Stand and Ringley, where
there are bridges over the Irwell. The Lancashire
and Yorkshire Company's Manchester, Radcliffe, and
Bury Railway passes north and north-west through
the centre, with a station at Whitefield, opened in
1 879.* The same company's branch from Clifton to
Radcliffe and Bury winds west and north through
Outwood, with stations called Molyneux Brow and

Ringley Road. The Manchester and Bolton Canal
also passes through Outwood, crossing the Irwell
from Clifton, keeping close to the river most of the
way, and crossing it again near Prestolee.

A dragon story is told of Unsworth.6

Pilkington has since 1894 ceased to exist as a town-
ship. Whitefield, the central portion, which ob-
tained a local board in l866,7 has been in part added
to Radcliffe ; a new township has been made on the
south-west called Outwood, while Unsworth has given
its name to a township on the other side, made up of
the old Unsworth and Pilsworth, with the detached
part of Heap which adjoined it.8 The new townships
are governed by parish councils.

In 1666 there were as many as 245 hearths liable
to be taxed. The three hamlets showed the follow-
ing : — Outwood, 70 hearths, no house having six
hearths; Whitefield 135, Margaret Sergeant's house
having eight ; and Unsworth 40, no house having six
hearth?.'

The view from Stand Hall was thus described in
1 806 : — ' The large town of Manchester spreads along
the valley in front of the house at some miles distance,
and the less one of Bury is seen distinctly to the left,
surrounded by villages, with simple cottages dispersed
along the plain. The hills of Lancashire, Derbyshire,
Cheshire, and Yorkshire rising in succession, spread in
a vast amphitheatre, till lost in the immensity of
space ; while the rugged tops of the Welsh moun-
tains, which I gazed upon as old friends, hide their
heads in the clouds, of which they seem to form a
part. . . . The neighbourhood abounds with families
of immense wealth, and reminds me of what Clapham
Common is to London. The villas of the gentry are
handsome, and their pleasure grounds are tastefully
laid out. The rich woods and green park of Heaton
House, the seat of the Earl of Wilton, appear from
the terrace of Stand Hall to much advantage ; but the
most prominent feature in this landscape is the pretty
church of Prestwich.' I0

Stand Hall, a large timber and plaster house, was
taken down in 1835, and a new house built.11 A large
wooden barn belonging to the old house has been the
subject of much attention because of an absurd theory
that it was built of the timbers of a wooden prede-
cessor of the present Cathedral church of Manchester.
The manor of PILKINGTON was
M4NOR held of the lords of Manchester by the
fourth part of a knight's fee,11 by a
family which took the local name, and its dependence
on Manchester continued, at least in name, till the
1 8th century.13 The first of the local family known

1 Including Outwood, 1,939 ; White-
field, 2,058$; and Unsworth, 1,471!.
The census report of 1901 gives : — Out-
wood, 1,938 acres, including 80 of inland
water ; Whitefield, 1,406, including 9 ;
the part taken into Radcliffe, 625, in-
cluding 23 ; Unsworth (enlarged), 3,067,
including 27.

2 Hundeswrth, 1292.

8 The name is said to have originated
from the innkeeper about 1750 5 Manch.
Guard. Local N. and Q. no. 448.

* Perhaps Prestall Lee, from Prestall
on the other side of the Irwell in Farn-
worth and Kearsley.

5 Electric tramways connect Whitefield
with Manchester and Bury.

6 Harland and Wilkinson, Traditions of
Lanes. 63.

7 Land. Gax, 19 Jan. 1866.

8 Local Govt. Bd. Order, 30905 ; a
slight alteration in Whitefield boundary
was made in 1896 ; ibid. 33855.

9 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

10 Pal. Note Bk. ii, 55, quoting E. I.
Spence's Summer Excursions, i, 123.

11 A description of the remaining part of
Stand Old Hall by E. W. Cox, with
several views, is given in Col. J. Pilking-
ton's Pilkington Family.

12 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 55. In addition to
the knight's service the lord of Pilkington
had to find ' one judge for the king, of
ancient tenure.' The manor had there-
fore probably been held by the same family
all through the I2th century.

In 1282 the vill of Pilkington was

held of Robert Grelley by the fourth part
of a fee, and was worth £10 a year clear;
ibid. 250. In 1322 the lord of Pilking-
ton was one of those who owed suit to
the three-weeks court at Manchester, of
ancient custom, being called a judge of
the court; Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), ii, 375.

An oxgang in « Pilkington ' was in
1311 stated to be held by a rent of i zd. of
the manor of Rochdale ; De Lacy Inq.
(Chet. Soc.), 20. Nothing further is
known of it, and the name given is prob-
ably an error of transcription.

18 As late as 1733 the jury of Man-
chester court leet amerced the constable
of Pilkington (among others) for not
appearing, though owing suit and ser-
vice to the court ; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec.
vii, 25.

SALFORD HUNDRED

is Alexander de Pilkington, who appears about 1200
as contributing to the tallage ; 14 he held the manor
in I2I2,14 and was living in I23I.16 He was followed
by Roger de Pilkington, presumably his son. Roger
was defendant in I22I,17 and held the manor in
I242.18 Alexander de Pilkington, who, it is reason-
ably conjectured, increased the family possessions by
his marriage with Alice, sister and co-heir of Sir
Geoffrey de Chetham, lord of Chectham and Cromp-
ton,19 occurs between 1260 and 129033 witness to
charters ; 20 he was the tenant of the manor in i 282."
His son Roger*2 succeeded, and obtained from the
king a grant of free warren in Pilkington and his other
manors in 1 291 ; M a year before he had had a grant of
£ i oo for his services in Gascony.24 In other ways

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

Roger took his part in the public affairs of the time,
serving as knight of the shire in 1 3 1 6.25 He sided
with the Earl of Lancaster,
and after the battle of Bo-
roughbridge was imprisoned
and fined, dying shortly af-
terwards.16

In 1312 he had made a set-
tlement of his manors of Pil-
kington and Cheetham in
favour of his son Roger, with
remainder to a younger son
William." Roger accordingly

, , , . °- , <m i PILKINGTON. Arpent

succeeded his father;28 but a cross fatonce vg^ej
little is known of him except gules.

14 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 151.

In 1 202 Alexander de Pilkington,
William his brother, and Alice his sister
were concerned in a settlement of lands
in Rivington and Worsthorne ; Final Cone.
i, 1 8, 22.

The Pilkington crest, a mower with
his scythe, with the motto, ' Now thus, now
thus,' similar to that of the Trafford
family, has a legend of unknown origin
related by Fuller, who had it from William
Ryley, Norroy, to the effect that the
ancestor of the family, being sought for
at the time of the Norman invasion,
disguised himself as a mower and so
escaped. The crest is found on a seal of
1424.

Accounts of the family have been
printed by John Harland, 1875, and by
Lieut-Colonel John Pilkington, F.S.A., in
Trans. Hist. Soc. 1891, and separately,
1894 ; this, with corrections and additions
supplied by the author, has been utilized in
this place. See also Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 35-8. A num-
ber of illustrative documents are printed
in Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
175-86.

16 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 55. He
also held Rivington ; ibid. 67.

16 Alexander de Pilkington attested a
number of early charters ; e.g. Lanes.
Pipe R. 329-30 ; Final Cone, i, 216. He
served on a jury in 1225-6 ; ibid, i, 145.
The latest occurrence of his name seems
to be as witness to a charter in 1231 ;
Lord Ellesmere's D. no. 215.

17 Roger de Pilkington, Geoffrey son of
Luke, and others were summoned by
Henry de Bolton ; Curia Regis R. 78,
m. 4 d. Roger attested an early 13th-
century charter to Stanlaw ; Whalley
Coucber (Chet. Soc.), i, 49.

18 Inq. and Extents, i, 1 54. In 1 246 he
was concerned in suits about Sholver ;
Assize R. 404, m. 2, 7, 9.

19 See the account of Cheetham, and
E. Axon, Chetham Gen. (Chet. Soc. New
Sen), 2.

20 Alexander was probably the son of
Roger. In 1277 it was found that Adam
de Prestwich, Richard son of David de
Hulton, Thomas de Heaton, Roger de
Prestwich, and others had thrown down
a ditch in Pilkington and Prestwich,
whereby the tenants of Alexander de
Pilkington had been damaged, through the
depasturing of their corn, &c. Alexander
said his father and ancestors had always
been wont to raise that ditch for the pro-
tection of their corn and meadow. In
the end Adam de Prestwich and the others
were ordered to pay for the repair of that
part of the ditch which lay in Pilkington ;
Assize R. 1235, m. ii d. For a charter

attested by him see Final Cone, i, 218 ;
there are others among the Ellesmere
Deeds, e.g. no. 135 (1267), 216 (1271),
and 137 (1276).

21 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 248. He is
also mentioned in 1284; Cal. Close,
1279-88, p. 251.

Alice, widow of Alexander de Pilking-
ton, is named in 1302; Assize R. 418,
m. 2, 12.

22 Alexander de Pilkington and Roger
his son were witnesses to Lever charters
about 1270; Add. MS. 32103, no. 16,
20. Richard, another son of Alexander,
received the manor of Rivington.

"Chart. R. 84 (19 Edw. I), m. 10,
no. 41 ; a grant to Roger de Pilkington of
free warren in his demesne lands of Pil-
kington, Whitefield, Unsworth, Cheetham,
Crompton, Sholver, and Wolstenholme.
In the following year he was called upon
to justify his claim of free warren, and
produced the charter ; Plat . de Quo War.
(Rec. Com.), 369.

» Cal. Pat. 1281-90, p. 352. He
had the king's protection in 1296 on
going beyond the seas in the retinue of
William de Louth, Bishop of Ely ; ibid.
1292-1301, p. 177.

In 1302 he contributed 101. to the aid,
as holding the fourth part of a knight's fee
in Pilkington ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents,
i, 313. In 1322 it was found that he owed
homage, fealty, and suit of court for the
fourth part of a fee in Pilkington, and paid
sake-fee 41. 8</., castle ward 2s. 8</., and
puture ; Mameeestre, ii, 289.

His seal, showing the cross patonce, is
attached to a Crompton deed of 1307;
Clowes D. no. 96.

K Parl. Writs (Rec. Com.), i, 1292 ; in
1313 he had a pardon for his part in the
rising which led to the death of Piers
Gaveston, and another in 1318. See also
Rot. Scotiae, and Pink and Beaven, Parl.
Repre. of Lanes. 18.

In 1298,31 Bolton, Henry son of Alex-
ander de Pilkington (otherwise del Wood)
came with a sword made of iron and steel,
worth 2i., and wounded Adam de Pilking-
ton in the neck 4 in. from the right ear,
with a wound 3 in. deep, 3 in. long, and
2 in. wide, of which the said Adam lan-
guished for seven days, and died at dawn
on the eighth day at Pilkington in the
house of his brother Roger ; Assize R.
417, m. 2 ; 422, m. i d. ; see further Cal.
Pat. 1292-1301, p. 550.

26 Parl. Writs, loc. cit. ; he was com-
mitted prisoner to Tickhill Castle, and
afterwards released on agreeing to pay a
fine of £200. His widow Margaret mar-
ried Adam de Swillington ; Cal. Pat.

"7 Final Cone, ii, 9 ; he made further

settlements in 1319 and 1320, when hit
wife's name is given as Margery ; ibid, ii,

33. 35-

A Roger de Pilkington in 1295 espoused
Alice daughter of Sir Ralph de Otteby, and
received with her the manor of Otteby in
Lincolnshire ; Roger joined in the insur-
rection of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and
the manor was taken into the king's
hands; but in 1324 Alexander, the son
and heir of Roger and Alice, both then
dead, petitioned for its restoration, and
appears to have succeeded. An Alexander
de Pilkington of Lincolnshire occurs a little
later. See Inq. a.q.d. 1 7 Edw. II, no. 97 ;
Anct. Pet. P.R.O. 133/6639; Pat. 18
Edw. II (6 Sept. 1324). As there can
scarcely have been two Rogers taking part
with the Earl of Lancaster and dying
before 1324, it follows that Roger must
have been married three times, the heir
to Pilkington being a son by the first
wife.

His widow, Margery, as stated, almost
immediately after his death married Sir
Adam de Swillington, who had also taken
part with Earl Thomas. On 13 Nov.
1322 she had livery of the lands settled
upon her in 1319; Cal. Close, 1318-23,
pp. 610, 648 ; and in 1327 Adam de Swil-
lington was acquitted of the fine of /"zoo
incurred by Roger; ibid. 1327-30,
p. 21.

Richard and William, sons of Roger de
Pilkington, are mentioned in 1333 ; Cal.
Pat. 1330-4, p. 498. William de Pil-
kington was in 1344 presented to the
rectory of Swillington by Margery, relict
of Sir Adam de Swillington ; Col. J. Pilk-
ington, quoting Torre MSS.

28 About 1324 Roger de Pilkington
appears as holding seven parts of the manor
of Rivington ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii,
103.

In 1324 it was stated that a Roger
de Pilkington had had to pay ,£100 to
Robert de Holland after the death of
Adam Banastre ; Coram Rege R. 254,
fol. 61.

Roger de Pilkington in 1325 was sum-
moned to serve in Guienne, such service
having been a condition of his pardon ;
Parl. Writs, i, 1292. He must therefore
have taken part with his father in the
rebellion. In 1341 he was one of the
jury to inquire into the assessment of the
ninths ; Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39. In
1343 Roger de Pilkington — perhaps the
son — was charged by the jurors of West
Derby with having ' brought a great crowd
to the terror of the people ' ; Assize R.
430, m. 29.

In the aid 1346-55 Roger held the
fourth part of a knight's fee in Pilking-
ton ; Feud. Aids, iii, 89.

12

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

his marriage with Alice, sister and heir of Henry de
Bury, by which the important manor of Bury was
acquired by the family.79 He died about I347,30
being followed by his son, the third Roger in succes-
sion. The new lord, who was made a knight before
1365, attended John of Gaunt on the expedition
to France in 1359;" he served as knight of the
shire in six Parliaments between 1363 and 1384.*'
He died in 1407, holding the manor of Pilkington of
the lord of Manchester by knight's service. His son
and heir, Sir John, was thirty-four years of age."

Sir John de Pilkington, whose age must have been
understated84 at the inquisition just quoted, is first
heard of as marrying Margaret, widow of Hugh de
Bradshagh, and heiress of Sir John de Verdon ; she
was a ward of the duke, and her husband procured a
pardon in 1383 for having married her without per-
mission.35 He was one of those who were appointed
to attend the king in the Scottish expedition of 14.00.**
In 1413 he obtained a confirmation of the grant of
free warren in Pilkington and other manors.87 He
was one of the Lancashire knights who fought at
Agincourt,38 and he continued to serve in the French
wars,39 dying early in 1421. His son and heir, Sir
John, was then twenty-eight years of age.40

The younger Sir John also fought in the French
wars.41 He was knight of the shire in 1416, and in
141 8, as a reward for his services, he was made escheator
in Ireland ; 4I this office was confirmed to him in 1 42 3 .4I
He died without issue in 1451, and his honours
descended to Thomas, son of Edmund Pilkington.44
The elder Sir John and Margaret his wife had a son
Edmund, on whom the manor of Stagenhoe in Hert-
fordshire was settled in 1399 for his life ;" Thomas
was no doubt the son of this Edmund, who was living in
I438.46 Thomas Pilkington enjoyed the favour of
Edward IV ; in 1469 he obtained licence to fortify
his manor-house at Bury,47 and was several times
sheriff of the county.48 He was made a knight of the
Bath in 1475, and a banneret at the capture of
Berwick in 148 1.49 As a zealous adherent of
Richard III he fought on his side at Bosworth ; 50
was attainted by the victorious Henry, and his confis-
cated manors in Lancashire were given to the newly-
created Earl of Derby.51 Sir Thomas Pilkington
does not seem to have become reconciled at once to the
new king, for in 1487 he fought at Stoke for Lambert
Simnel." His son and heir Roger contrived to obtain
or retain the manors of Brisingham and Clipston ; **
he left six daughters as co-heirs.M

33 See the account of Bury.

80 Alice, widow of Roger de Pilkington,
occur* in 1350; Assize R. 1444, m. 4.
There were various suits in later years in
which she and Roger son of Roger de
Pilkington were concerned ; e.g. Duchy
of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 7 ; Def. Keeper's
Rep. xxxii, App. 342.

The Bishop of Lichfield in 1 360 granted
Alice, lady of Pilkington, licence for an
oratory there for two years ; Lich. Epis.
Reg. v, foL 3.

In 1375 Henry de Pilkington, adminis-
trator o? the goods of Alice de Pilkington
deceased, called upon Roger son of Roger
de Pilkington for account ; it appears that
he had brothers Richard and Robert, and
that all were brothers of Sir Roger ; De
Banco R. 456, m. 598 ; 458, m. 80 d. ;
460, m. 323 d.

81 The grant of protection given him on
this occasion was shown in court in Sept.
1359 ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 7, m. 4 ;
*ee Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 334.

sa Pink and Beaven, op. cit. 34-40.
He is called 'chivaler* in the return of
Jan. 1364-5, p. 35.

When over sixty years of age, in 1386,
lie appeared at the Scrope-Grosvenor trial ;
Nicolas, Scrape R. 289.

88 Lana. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 86.
The manor of Bury had been given to his
••on, Sir John, before his death.

Isabel daughter of Roger de Pilkington
married (i) Thomas son of Sir Thomas
<le Lathom, and (2) Sir John de Dalton ;
ibid. 10, 20.

84 As he was married, apparently of his
own will, in 1 3 8 3, he would probably not be
far from twenty years of age. He was over
twenty years of age, and a knight, on ap-
pearing at the Scrope-Grosvenor trial in
1386 ; Scrape R. 290.

85 He paid a fine of 20 marks for him-
self and his wife for the pardon of the
Duke of Lancaster ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 86 ; Def. Keeper's Rep.
xl, App. 522 ; also ibid, xxxii, App.
356.

86 Cal. Pat. 1399-1401, p. 353. In
1402 he went to Germany in the retinue
•of the Lady Blanche ; Rymer, Feed. (Syl-

labus, ii, 544) ; see also Rolls 'of Par!.
iii, 634.

8? Cal. Rot. Pat. (Rec. Com.), 262.

88 Sir H. Nicolas, Agincourt, 360 ; he
had with him three esquires, ten lances,
and forty-five archers.

89 Norman rolls in Def. Keeper's Rep,
xli, App. 711, 71$, 788 ; ibid, xlii, App.

392» 393-

40 Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 25, 26 ; the
jury did not know by what service the
manor of Pilkington was held of the lord
of Manchester, but gave its clear annual
value as £60. He died 16 Feb. 1420-1.

His widow Margaret died in Nov.
1436 ; her next heir was her grand-
daughter Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William
Bradshagh and wife of Sir Richard Har-
rington ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
181-4.

41 He is perhaps the John de Pilking-
ton who had Cheshire archers in his
retinue ; Def. Keeper's Rep. xlii, App.
392. He occurs in 1427 as in debt to
his tailor ; Cal. Pat. 1422-9, p. 430.

He held the manor of Pilkington in

1431 ; Feud. Aids, iii, 96.
Immediately after his father's death

Sir John granted his mother the pasture
called Outwood and Ringleys, the tene-
ment of William Walwork in Pilkington,
and various rents and lands as dower ;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxviii, 3. In

1432 he granted to feoffees manors and
lands in Bury, Pilkington, and Cheetham ;
ibid. 7. Three years later he married, at
the door of Manchester church, Elizabeth
daughter of Sir Edmund Traffbrd, and
made a settlement in her favour ; ibid,
7, 9. In 1438 he again made a settle-
ment of his manors and lands in Lanca-
shire, and his brother Edmund confirmed
it ; ibid, n, 15. Sir John made his will
in Oct. 1446, in which he mentions
Elizabeth his wife, and desires a fit priest
to be procured to celebrate for him, and
two years later he confirmed the arrange-
ments made ; ibid. 15, 17.

42 Def. Keeper's Rep. xli, App. 727,
760 ; Rot. Norm. (Rec. Com.), 234.

48 Cal. Pat. 1422-9, p. 51.

44 The inquisition relating to the Lanca-

90

shire estate is not known to exist ; but
that relating to Bricklesworth in North-
amptonshire is printed in Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 184. It had been settled
on him by his mother in 1430, with re-
mainders to Edmund and Robert Pilking-
ton, and to her granddaughter Elizabeth
Bradshagh; ibid. 180. Sir John died
23 Feb. 1450-1 ; his heir was Thomas
son of Edmund Pilkington, then of full
age. Two later writs of Diem clausit
extremum were issued in 1456 and 1459 ;
Def. Keeper's Rep. xxxvii, App. 175, 177.

45 Lanes. Inq. p.m. ii, 176. By a fine of
1430 Stagenhoe was settled on Edmund
Pilkington and his heirs male, with rever-
sion to Elizabeth daughter of Sir William
Bradshagh ; ii, 181.

46 A difficulty is created by the state-
ment in a plea in the Rolls of Parl. (vi,
34, 35) that Thomas was the son of
Edmund son of Katherine, sister of John
Ashton (of Ashton-under-Lyne). The
solution may be that Edmund was son-in-
law of Katherine, i.e. that she was his
wife's mother.

47 Def. Keeper's Rep. xxxvii, App. 179.

48 From 1467 to 1473 and from 1480
to 1484; P.R.O. List, 72. In his first
term he was « esquire," and in the second
« knight.'

49 Metcalfe, Knights, 4, by the Prince in
1475, and p. 5, by the Duke of Glou-
cester, 1481.

40 Pilkington, Pilkington Family, 26,
quoting Harl. MS. 542, fol. 31.

51 Rolls of Parl. vi, 276.

M Harland, Pilkington, 2 (quoting Blom-
field's Norf. i, 33, x, 42), erroneously states
that he was killed at the battle of Stoke.
He was pardoned in 1508; Towneley MS.
GG, no. 2041.

53 Cal. Inq. Hen. VII, i, 220 ; Sir
Thomas Pilkington, attainted in 1485,
had in 1467 granted his manor of Clip-
ston to his son Roger, who had been in
possession from that time until 1487. In
1502 it was alleged that the grant to
Roger was made without the knowledge
of Sir Thomas ; PaL of Lane. Plea R.
95, m. 5.

64 Harland, ut sup.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Pilkington, as already stated, was granted in 1489
to Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby," and has descended
with the title in the same manner as Knowsley to the
present earl.56 No courts are held, but ' suit and ser-
vice ' at the manor court still exist in name.

In 1541 there were no freeholders in the township
contributing to the subsidy, but in 1622 Thomas
Lever and Richard Fogg contributed." Thomas
Heape, a leaseholder under the Earl of Derby, com-
pounded for his estate in Pilkington in 1649, his
* delinquency ' being that he had borne arms against
the Parliament.58

Though Unsworth gave a surname to a family
which occurs in various other places, it does not seem
to have had any prominent residents of that name.
The estate of Rhodes 59 was held by the families of
Foxe and Holland as heirs of Parr.60 The families of
Barlow,61 Crompton,61 Molyneux,63 Seddon,64 Ser-

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

geant,65 Walworth,66 and Wroe67 occur in the 1 6th
and I jth centuries.

The land tax returns of 1786 show the principal
proprietors to have been : — In Whitefield, the Earl of
Derby, the executor of Geoffrey Richardson, Benjamin
Blinkhorn, and Richard Walker ; in Outwood, — Smith,
Mrs. Watson, — Tomkinson, James Fields, Egerton
Cross ; and in Unsworth, Thomas Butterworth Bay-
ley, Thomas Chadwick, and Richard Meadowcroft.68

Philips Park, on the border of Prestwich, derives
its name from Robert Philips, who bought it about
i8oo.69

Digging for coals in Pilkington is mentioned in
I599.re

Nathan Walworth, a native of Ringley in Out-
wood, built the chapel of St. Saviour in 1625," in
conjunction with his Puritan friends in the neigh-
bourhood. It was consecrated in 1634," and rebuilt

ss Pat. 4 Hen. VII, 23 Feb.; the grant
included the manors of Pilkington, Bury,
Cheetham, and Cheetwood, and lands, &c.
in these places and in Tottington, Uns-
worth, Salford, Shuttleworth, Shuffle-
bottom, Middleton, and Hundersfield.

M The manor of Pilkington was in 1652
part of the life estate of Charlotte Countess
of Derby ; the old rents in 1640 were
£116, and the turbary was worth £4;
Royalist Camp, Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.), ii, 184, 185. Various lands in
the neighbourhood seem to have been
treated as appurtenances of the manor,
e.g. a messuage in Salford and messuages
in Cheetham ; ibid, ii, 240, 241 ; also Com.
Pleas Recov. Rolls, Trin. 1653, m. 21 ;
Mich. 1653, m. 39.

The manor has been included in the
Derby settlements ; e.g. PaL of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 199, m. 55 (1677) ; ibid.
Aug. Assizes, 1797 (recovery).

*7 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),

«» '43, 155-

58 Royalist Comp. Papert, Hi, 174; he
stated that 'he was threatened from his
dwelling house into service as a common
trooper' under the earl. He was the son
of Richard and Jane Heape. Thomas and
John Heape contributed to the subsidy in
1622.

59 A family of the local name was for-
merly settled there ; Booker quotes a deed
by which Richard de Rodes, clerk, in 1280
granted all the fruits in his land at the
Rhodes to Richard de Budellisholme and
Agnes his wife ; Prest-wicb, 214.

The legend as to the fraud by which
Sir John Pilkington acquired the estate is
given in Raines, Lanes, (ed. 1870), {,448.
Sir John is said to have caused some of
his own cattle to be locked up in a shelter
on the Rhodes property, and having ' found '
them there, charged the owner with steal-
ing them, and thus compelled him to sell
his estate.

60 ' From the old local family it passed
in marriage with an heiress into the family
of Parr, from whom it was conveyed by
two sisters and co-heiresses— one portion
to William son of William Holland of
Clifton in right of his wife Jane Parr, and
the remainder to — Foxe of Lathom, who
had espoused the other sister ' ; Booker,
loc. cit. no references being given.

In 1541 John Foxe contributed to the
subsidy. His son William died about 1595,
having, besides the Rhodes, an estate in
Toxteth. By his will he gave to his son
his title and interest in ground 'late parcel
of the waste and common in Pilkington

aforesaid, called Whitefield moor' ; and
10 metts of barley to be divided equally
among twenty of the poorest people of
Pilkington and the neighbourhood ; Pic-
cope, ffills (Chet. Soc.), iii, 113-15. The
inventories of his goods at Pilkington and
Toxteth amounted respectively to ^295
and £127. For the will of Jane widow
of John Foxe, 1581, see Will* (Chet. Soc.
new ser.), i, 210 ; also i, 236. There is
a picture of the family life at Rhodes in
H alley, Lanes. Puritanism, i, 193-4.

The name Foxe occurs in the Prestwich
registers down to 1746 ; Booker, loc.
supra cit. See also Waltuortb Corresp,
(Chet. Soc.), 8.

The statement quoted above, that
William Holland of Rhodes was son of
William Holland of Clifton, is incorrect;
see W. F. Irvine, Hollands of M obberley,
37-8. The will of William Holland of
Rhodes, 1613, is printed ibid. 123.
The Hollands of Rhodes occur in the
Prestwich registers down to 1672 ; Booker,
op. cit. 176-8.

61 Robert Barlow contributed to the
subsidy in 1541 and Thomas Barlow in
1622.

62 Thomas Crompton contributed to the
subsidy in 1541. Of another family was
Joshua Crompton of Old Hall in Stand,
baptized at Hoi ton in 1650 and buried
there in 1728 ; he was succeeded by co-
heiresses, whose representatives in 1847
were George Ormerod, the historian of
Cheshire ; Hornby Roughsedge of Fox-
ghyll ; George Tomline of Riby ; and
Harriet Maltby of Bath ; Booker, op. cit.
233-5 ; also 245.

63 This family gave its name to a por-
tion of the Park in Pilkington. Moly-
neux occurs in the Prestwich registers
from 1630 to 1745 ; Booker, op. cit.
236, 237.

64 For the Seddons of Prestolee, a yeo-
man family, see the Waliuorth Corresp.
where a tabular pedigree is given, extend-
ing from 1550 to 1870. The family were
in the main Puritans, and adhered to the
Parliamentary side in the Civil War,
though one or two took part with the
king ; op. cit. pp. x-xiv. Peter Seddon
was in 1646 a member of the Manchester
Classis ; his son Peter was a captain in
the Parliamentary army ; another son,
Robert, a minister, was ejected from
Langley in 1662 ; Manch. Classis (Chet.
Soc.), i, 7 ; iii, 445.

65 This family lived at Stand in the
1 7th century. Peter Sergeant of Pilking-
ton was another member of the Classis ;

91

ibid, i, 7, 16. Extracts from the Prest-
wich registers relating to them are given
by Booker, pp. 221-3.

66 For an account of the family see
J. S. Fletcher, Waltvortb Corresp. above
quoted, v-ix ; PaL Note Bk. i, i. Ellis
Walwork or Walworth was curate of
Prestwich in 1563 onwards; Visit. Lists
at Chester. Nathan Walworth founded
the chapel of Ringley in 1624.

•7 The will of Robert Wroe of Prest-
wich was proved in 1566 ; Wilh (Chet.
Soc. new ser.), i, 232. James Wroe of
Unsworth was an elder of Prestwich in
1647 ; Manch. Classis, 16.

68 Returns at Preston.

69 W. Nicholls, Presfwicb, 91, 92. It
was part of the ancient Park of Pilkington.
The Philips family have monuments in
the old Presbyterian chapel at Stand. The
house was built by Robert Philips in
1800; his eldest son Mark, a Liberal,
was one of the first members of Parlia-
ment for Manchester, 1832 to 1847 ; Pink
and Beaven, op. cit. 295-8. Another son,
the late Robert Needham Philips, wat
member for Bury from 1857 to 1885;
ibid. 329. 'Through the generosity
of the resident family much of the
most beautiful part of the estate has been
open for years and is still open to the
public every Saturday and Sunday.' For
a pedigree of the family see Burke, Landed
Gentry — Philips of Heath House.

'° Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 400,
401, 420.

Robert Massey, mercer, of Warrington,
in 1651 desired to purchase thirty-eight
score of timber trees and poles on the
Earl of Derby's land at Pilkington, some
being much decayed and of no use, ' be-
cause coals are gotten within a mile or
two ' ; Cal. of Com. for Compounding, i, 492.

71 Nathan Walworth mentions it in a
letter of 1623, and hopes the building will
go forward in the following spring ; Wal-
'worth Corresp. 2. The date of erection is
given in Commoniuealth Ch. Sur-u. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 15.

"a The delay in the consecration seems
to have been due to the want of an endow-
ment for the minister. A description of
the consecration is given in a letter of
Peter Seddon's ; he saw nothing in the
ceremony but what was 'godly, lawful,
and expedient, without any superstition ' ;
he was aware that ' some calumniators '
objected, but, as he thought, ' because they
like not bishops' ; IValwortb Corresp.

30-3*

Walworth afterwards endowed it with

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

in 1824. The patronage, by the founder's desire, is
vested in the rectors of Prestwich, Bury, and Middle-
ton, or the majority of them. The present church of
St. Saviour was built in 1851, and consecrated in
1854. Holy Trinity Church, Prestolee, was built
in 1863, and had a district assigned to it in
1 883 ; n the Lord Chancellor presents. St. George's,
Unsworth, was built in 1730, and rebuilt in 1843 ;
the rector of Prestwich is patron.74 All Saints', Stand,
was built in 1826 ; Sir Frederick Johnstone is patron
at present.75 St. John the Evangelist's, Stand Lane,
built in 1866, has also a small mission church ; the
patronage is vested in three trustees.

In addition to the chapel Nathan Walworth also
founded a school at Ringley in 1626.™

There are Wesleyan chapels at Radcliffe Bridge
and Unsworth — the former dating from 1815 — and
a Primitive Methodist one at Chapel Field.

The Congregational Church at Stand represents a
division in the old Presbyterian congregation caused
by opposition to the newly introduced Unitarian
doctrine. The first chapel was built in 1791. It
was demolished in 1885, and the present ornate
church built ; being on rising ground the spire can be
seen for some distance.77 There is another church at
Besses o' th' Barn.

At the same place is a Swedenborgian Church
called New Jerusalem.

The Unitarian chapel at Stand is said to owe its
origin to a congregation formed after 1662 by
Mr. Pyke of Radcliffe, and other ejected clergy.78
After the toleration of Nonconformity Robert Eaton,
who had been rector of Walton on the Hill till 1660,
was registered as preaching in William Walker's barn
at Pilkington ; 79 and a chapel was built for him in
I693.80 As in other cases the teaching became
Unitarian towards the end of the i8th century. The
building was restored in 1 8 1 8, and a bell tower was
added in 1867 ; the bell is dated ijog.81 There is a
school in connexion with it.

OLDHAM

Kaskenemore, 1212 ; Haskesmores, 1226.
Aldholm, 1226 ; Aldhulm, 1237 ; Oldhulme in
Oldham, 1622. .

Oldum, Oldom, Holdum, Olduum, Oldun, 1292 ;

Oldome, 1427 ; Oldam, Oldham, Ouldham,1 xvi
cent.

This township, with an extreme length from south-
west to north-east of over 4 miles, has an area of
4,665 acres.7 The River Beal, flowing northwards,
forms the boundary between Oldham on one side and
Royton and Crompton on the other. To the east of
it the surface rises, a height of 1,225 &• being attained
at Woodward Hill on the Yorkshire border. The
rest of the surface is hilly, the average height decreas-
ing towards the south-west. The ridge called Old-
ham Edge, 800 ft. high, comes southward from Roy-
ton into the middle of the town. The town of Old-
ham has spread over the whole of the centre of the
township and beyond its borders ; particularly along
the road to Manchester. The population in 1901
was 137,246.

The old open Market Place may be taken as centre.
From this High Street and Yorkshire Street — the latter
running parallel with the old Goldburne — went east-
wards through Mumps and Greenacres ; a little off
this road, on the northern side, is the church, to
which Church Lane leads up from High Street.
South-west from the Market Place the old Manchester
road went out, crossed some 200 yds. away by King
Street, going south to Ashton under Lyne, and west-
south-west goes out the present road to Manchester.
From King Street George Street goes north-east to the
Market Place, and Union Street east to Mumps.
West Street leads from the Market Place towards
Chadderton, and from it, as a continuation of King
Street, Royton Street goes north to Royton and Roch-
dale.

Yorkshire Street, proceeding eastward, branches out
into two great roads — to Holmfirth and to Hudders-
field ; the latter has also a branch leading north-east
to Halifax. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
Company has cross lines through the township. That
from Manchester, opened in 1 842, enters the town-
ship from the west, where it is joined by the line
from Middleton, at Werneth Station, and goes
through and under the town to the Central station ;
near here it is joined by the London and North
Western, the Oldham, Ashton, and Guide Bridge, and
the Great Central Companies' line, running north-
wards from Ashton-under-Lyne, the stations being
called Clegg Street and Glodwick Road. The com-
bined railways run north-east to another station,

lands at Benton in Yorkshire ; in 1650
the value was £16 a year, but had in-
creased to a nominal £24. by 1718, by
which time other benefactions had been
made, raising the income to about £30 ;
Gastrell, Notitia (Chet. Soc.), ii, 117-19.
The chapel was then used by the inhabi-
tants of Kearsley and Clifton, as well as
Outwood. About 1735 a gift from
Queen Anne's Bounty added another £20
a year to the income ; Booker, Prest-wich,
84. In 1671 the curate, William Dennis,
was presented for not wearing the surplice
and omitting the holidays, particularly
29 May ; he promised obedience ; Visit.
Rec. In 1778 the chapel was regularly
served every Lord's Day ; the Sacrament
of the Lord's Supper was administered
once a quarter ; Booker, loc. cit.

'* Lond. Gaz. 6 Mar. 1883.

"4 It was regularly served every Lord's
Day in 1778 ; the Sacrament of the Lord's
Supper was administered once every quar-
ter ; Booker, loc. cit.

78 It was endowed with the tithes of
Unsworth and made a rectory in 1848 ;
Lond. Gam. 10 Mar.

78 Notitia Cestr. ii, 119. The endow-
ment consisted of land at Flamborough.

T> Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 226-
• 33. In spite of the reason given for the
division, the first minister was 'strongly
Unitarian ' ; the cause declined in con-
sequence.

'8 Mane /i. Socinian Controversy, 156,
where it is claimed as 'originally ortho-
dox,' though 'part of the endowments
were not of orthodox origin.' For the
endowments of chapel and school see
Endowed Charities Rep. for Prestwich,
1904, pp. 4, 1 8.

79 Hist, MSS. Com. Rep. iv, App. iv,
232.

80 The Charities' Report shows that
Henry Siddall, a tailor, of Radcliffe Bridge,
in 1666 left land in Whitefield which his
trustees in 1688 applied to the use of a
school. The building raised was used

92

both as chapel and school ; Notitia Cestr,
ii, in.

81 For a full account see Nightingale,
op. cit. iii, 215-26. About 1720 there
were 338 persons in the congregation, of
whom thirty-one had county votes ; O,
Heywood, Diaries, iv, 316.

The chapel was wrecked by a ' Church
and King ' mob from Manchester in June
1715 ; Pal. Note Bk. ii, 243.

A school advertisement of 1769 is
printed in Loc. Gleanings Lanes, and
Ches. i, 253.

1 A number of local place-names are
collected in Mr. G. Shaw's Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, i, 101, &c.

2 4,7 3 6, including 32 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901 ; of this
Oldham Below Town has 1,946 acres,
and Oldham Above Town 2,790. The
increase is probably due to the inclusion
of the detached portion of Chadderton, to
the south of the town, which took place
in 1880.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Mumps, where a division takes place ; the Lancashire
and Yorkshire line goes northward to Shaw and Roch-
dale, with a station at Royton Junction, at which the
Royton line goes off to the north-west, and the
London and North Western's line runs eastward into
Yorkshire.3 A canal, joining with the Medlock,
starts from Hollinwood, where a reservoir was formed
in 1801.

The ancient divisions of the township were Shol-
ver,4 Glodwick,5 and Werneth,6 in the north-east,
south-east, and south-west respectively ; the modern
divisions are Below Town and Above Town. Shol-
ver lies near the middle of the Oldham part of the
Beal valley ; Broadbent Moss is to the south ; in this
division are Fulwood, Besom Hill, Moorside, Water-
sheddings, and Springhill. The town has spread
south-east to include Glodwick ; to the south are
Fenny Hill and Keverlow, and to the west Alexandra
Park, replacing the older name of Swine Clough.
Werneth Park marks the site of Werneth Hall.
About half a mile to the north of this stood Lees
Hall and Bent Hall, and about the same distance to
the south-east was Chamber Hall. Near this last are
Hathershaw and Copster Hill. Hollinwood lies in
the south-west corner of the township on the Man-
chester road.

There were 215 hearths liable to the hearth tax in
1666. The largest dwellings were those of Benjamin
Wrigley (Chamber Hall), with eight hearths ; Thomas
Kay (Lees Hall), the same ; Joshua Cudworth
(Werneth Hall), six ; and Bent Hall, six also.8

Defoe in 1727 thus records his impressions of the
Oldham district : — * This country seems to have been
designed by Providence for the very purposes to which
it is now allotted — for carrying on a manufacture —
which can nowhere be so easily supplied with the
conveniences necessary for it. Nor is the industry of
the people wanting to second these advantages.
Though we met few people without doors, yet within
we saw the houses full of lusty fellows, some at the
dye vat, some at the loom, others dressing the cloths ;
the women and children carding or spinning ; all em-
ployed, from the youngest to the oldest, scarce any-
thing above four years old but its hands were suffi-
cient for its own support. Not a beggar to be seen,
not an idle person, except here and there in an alms-
house, built for those that are ancient and past work-
ing. The people in general live long ; they enjoy a
good air, and under such circumstances hard labour is
naturally attended with the blessing of health, if not
riches. The sides of the hills were dotted with
houses, hardly a house standing out of a speaking
distance from another ; and the land being divided
j into small inclosures, every three or four pieces of
land had a house belonging to them. . . In the
course of our road among the houses we found at
every one of them a little rill or gutter of running

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

water ; . . . and at every considerable house was a
manufactory, which not being able to be carried on
without water, these little streams were so parted and
guided by gutters and pipes that not one of the houses
wanted its necessary appendage of a rivulet. Again,
as the dyeing houses, scouring shops, and places where
they use this water, emit it tinged with the drugs of
the dyeing vat, and with the oil, the soap, the tallow,
and other ingredients used by the clothiers in dress-
ing and scouring, &c., the lands through which it
passes, which otherwise would be exceeding barren,
are enriched by it to a degree beyond imagination.
Then, as every clothier necessarily keeps one horse at
least, to fetch home his wool and his provisions from
the market, to carry his yarn to the spinners, his
manufacture to the fulling mill, and when finished, to
the market to be sold, and the like, so every one
generally keeps a cow or two for his family. By this
means the small pieces of inclosed land about each
house are occupied ; and by being thus fed, are still
further improved by the dung of the cattle. As for
corn, they scarce grow enough to feed their poultry.'9

The assessment for the house duty in 1779 shows
only twelve dwellings of £10 rent and upwards.
Chamber Hall was rented at £j and the curate's house
at £6"

Dr. Aikin in 1793 found Oldham 'pleasantly
situated on a high eminence, commanding an exten-
sive and delightful prospect.' "

The modern history of the township is mainly
that of the progress of its mining and manufacturing
industries, beginning from the early part of the 1 7th
century. The great extension of them occurred at
the end of the i8th century, on the introduction of
machinery ; the growth of the place from a few
scattered hamlets to a large well-organized town has
since been rapid. The story is told in detail in Edwin
Butterworth's Historical Sketches of Oldham™ Hat-
making was formerly an important industry, but de-
cayed early last century, after the introduction of the
silk hat.13 Machine-making was introduced about
1794. Cotton-mills, however, are the most promi-
nent business establishments. The mills in the district
are said to consume over a million bales yearly, nearly
a third of the cotton used in the kingdom.

As in most of the unenfranchised towns, the people
of Oldham became Radical in politics in the early
part of last century, and some movements suspected
of sedition found patronage in the town." John Lees,
an operative cotton spinner, was one of the victims
of the ' Peterloo massacre ' of 1 8 1 9, and the 'Oldham
inquest ' which followed was anxiously watched ; the
Court of King's Bench, however, decided that the
proceedings were irregular, and the jury were dis-
charged without giving a verdict.15 Apart from
politics the district was frequently disturbed by bread
and labour riots, occasioned by periods of scarcity and

8 The original line was extended from
Werneth to Mumps in 1 847 ; the Oldham
and Guide Bridge line was opened in
1 86 1 ; the line to Royton and Rochdale
in 1863 ; and that to Newton Heath in
1880.

4 Solhher, 1202 ; Solwere, 1275 ; Shol-
ver, 1278 ; Sholuere, 1291.

5 Glothic, 1 21 2; Glotheyk, 1307, 1346;
Glodyght, 1474.

6 Vernet, 1226 (?) ; Wernyth, 1352.
8 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

' Quoted in E. Butterworth's Oldham
(ed. 1856), 99, 100, from the Tour
through Gt. Brit.

10 Oldham Notes and Gleanings, i, 1 90.

11 Country around Manch. 236. Hats
and strong fustians were then the staple
manufactures of the place.

12 Pp. 92 onwards ; a list of the early
mills is given, p. 117. An account of the
state of trade in 1 846 is printed in Oldham
Notes and Gleanings, iii, 74-83.

13 E. Butterworth, op. cit.izi, 188, 247.

93

14 Three Oldham men were sentenced
to transportation in 1801 ; ibid. 148.
The first public meeting in favour of
reform was held on Bent Green in Sept.
1816, ibid. 167. John Knight, a local
Radical, was several times imprisoned on
charges of sedition and treason ; ibid.

173-

15 Ibid. 170-2. A full report of the
proceedings at the inquest was published
by William Hone in 1820.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

the disturbance of employment following the intro-
duction of machinery.16

Periodical literature began with the Oldham Observer
in 1827. The first newspaper was the Chronicle,
published weekly from May 1854. At present there
are two newspapers — the Chronicle and the Standard —
issued daily and weekly.17

The Oldham Rushbearing or Wakes are on the last
Saturday in August ; at Glodwick on the first Satur-
day in October.

The people have long been distinguished for their
love of vocal music.18

The Oldham dialect has many peculiarities.10

Portions of the Roman road from Manchester into
Yorkshire are recognizable in the southern part of the
township. Some coins have been found.11

Lawrence Nuttall of Oldham issued a halfpenny
token in 1669."

Lawrence Chadderton, a Puritan divine, was a
native of the town,13 as was Samuel Ogden, one of
the clergy ejected in 1662 for Nonconformity.*4 In
more recent times Thomas Henshaw, the founder of
the Bluecoat Hospital, was an inhabitant and trades-
man here.15 The Butterworths, father and son, ren-
dered great services to students of local history.16 Sir
John Mellor, judge, was born at Hollinwood House
in 1809, and died in 1887." James Whitehead,
M.D., 1812-85, son of John Whitehead, a herbalist
of local fame, became a distinguished physician.28
Thomas Oldham Barlow, R.A., 1824-89, was a
famous engraver ; the Oldham Corporation in 1891
secured an almost complete collection of his works.*9
Sir John Tomlinson Hibbert was born at Oldham in
1824, and was member of Parliament for his native
town 1862 to 1874 and 1878 to 1895, holding

minor offices in different Liberal ministries. He was
made K.C.B. in 1893. On the formation of the
Lancashire County Council in 1888 he was chosen
to be its chairman, and retained this position till his
retirement in February, 1908. He was appointed
Constable of Lancaster Castle in 1907. He died at
his house at Grange-over-Sands on 7 November, 1908.
There should also be mentioned James Wolfenden of
Hollinwood, a mathematician, who died in 1841
aged 87 ; John Whitehead, a botanist, who died in
1896 ; and James Dronsfield, of Hollinwood,
1826-96. Some prodigies are on record.80

In the 1 2th century KASKENMOOR,
MANORS including Oldham and most of Cromp-
ton, was a thegnage estate held of the
royal manor of Salford as 2 5 or 26 oxgangs of land by a
rent of 2O/., and sending a judge to the hundred
court. Adam Fitz Swain was the tenant, and left
two daughters, between whom the inheritance was
divided. Maud married Adam de Montbegon, lord
of Tottington, and her son Roger was the tenant of a
moiety in 1212. Amabel, the other daughter,
married William de Nevill, but this moiety was in
1 2 1 2 in the king's hands, ' because the heirs had not
spoken with the king.'31 Each of the heiresses left
issue, but the later inquisitions omit any reference to
them, the descendants of their sub-tenants being
stated to hold directly of the Earl or Duke of
Lancaster as of his manor of Salford.

In 1 2 1 2 the sub-tenants were Gilbert de Notton,
for Crompton ; Reyner de Wombwell, for Werneth
and Oldham ; Adam de Glodwick, for Glodwick ;
Ralph Tagun, for Sholver ; and Henry de Scholefield,
for Birshaw. Gilbert, Reyner, and Adam held a
moiety under each lord ; Ralph and Henry held

16 Especially in 1795, I799» 1812,
1826, and 1834; £. Butterworth, op.
cit. 138, 144, 162, 190,213.

17 Oldham Notes and Gleanings, i, 1 94 ;
iii, 10.

18 Notes on the musicians in the neigh-
bourhood are given by Edwin Butter-
worth, op. cit. 251-5.

Elias Hall, born in Oldham, published
a Ptalm-singer't Compleat Companion in
1708. It was written at Oldham and
dedicated to the Rev. H. Pigot, rector of
Brindle and vicar of Rochdale.

20 Pal. Note Bk. i, 1 3, &c. ; Lanes, and
Ches. Antiq. Soc. vi, 182.

81 Ibid, viii, 155, 156 ; x, 251.

M Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 87.

33 See the account of Lees Hall.

a< See below, under Horsedge.

25 He was a native of Prestbury, but
apprenticed in Oldham, and became hat
manufacturer there. He drowned himself
in 1 8 10, having been for some years of
unsound mind, and his will was therefore
contested ; E. Butterworth, op. cit. 153-5,
*3<5» *37-

M James Butterworth, the father, was
born in Ashton in 1771. His account of
the Oldham district was published in
1817 ; it contains a plan of the town
and map of the chapelry, together with
pedigrees and a directory. A second
edition appeared in 1826. The author
died in 1837.

Edwin Butterworth, his son, born in
1^12 at Oldham, published a brief history
Of the town in 1832. He compiled the
local accounts for Baines' Hist, of Lanes.
1836. His Historical Sketches was begun
in 1847 ; the instalments were inter-

rupted by his death in April 1848, but
were reprinted with a supplement in
1856.

For notices of them see the account of
Edwin by Mr. Giles Shaw in Lanes, and
Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxii ; Manch Guardian
N. and Q. no. 584, 648 ; Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, i, 35, 205, 209.

Their works and the Oldham Annals
and Oldham Notes and Gleanings have
proved of great assistance to the editors.

«7 Diet. Nat. Biog. »» Ibid. a» Ibid.

80 Elizabeth Bradbury; Manch. Guardian
N. and Q. no. 520 ; Daniel Newton, ibid,
no. 1237.

81 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 63, 64 ; where it is
stated that Roger de Montbegon held
1 3 oxgangs in thegnage by gs. 2^d. and by
half a judge ; and that William de Nevill
had held, in right of his wife, 13 oxgangs
by lOi. 9j</. and by half a judge. Roger's
under-tenants held only 1 2 oxgangs ;
while his share of the thegnage rent is
apparently intended for i oxgang less than
half, being 9^. less than 101. William's
tenants held 1 3 oxgangs, and his thegnage
rent indicates that he held an oxgang more
than half. His holding was ten years after-
wards called 14 oxgangs ; it had escheated
to the king ; ibid. 132. Possibly an even
division had at first been made, account-
ing for the 13 oxgangs each of the 1212
survey, and then i oxgang transferred to
the Nevills, the thegnage rent being altered
accordingly.

Ailric held lands in Yorkshire in the
time of Edward the Confessor ; his son
Swain succeeded and died in 1131, being
followed by his son Adam, a benefactor of

94

Pontefract, who died in 1159. Maud,
one of his daughters, married Adam de
Montbegon, and by him had a son Roger,
the holder of Kaskenmoor in 1212, who
died in 1227 without issue ; she married,
secondly, John Malherbe, and their
daughters Mabel and Clemence respec-
tively married William de la Mare, a
feudatory of the honour of Richmond
(having an heiress, wife of Geoffrey de
Nevill) and Eudo de Longvilers ; thirdly,
she married Gerard de CanvilL Amabel,
the other daughter, by her first husband
had a daughter Sarah, who married Thomas
de Burgo and had issue ; and by her second
husband, Alexander de Crevequer, left a
daughter Cecily, who by her husband,
William de Nevill, was ancestor of the
Nevills of Mirfield. These particulars
are from the account of the family by the
late Richard Holmes in his edition of the
Chartul. of St. John of Pontefract (Yorks.
Arch. Soc.), i, 95 ; ii, 306, 307, with
some correction.

William de Nevill occurs in 1201 as
contributing 401. to the tallage ; Lanes.
Pipe R. 151. The sheriff in 1210 ren-
dered account of I2s. 6d. for the mediety
of William de Nevill' s pasture in Kasken-
moor ; ibid. 236.

For grants to William de Nevill and
Amabel his wife see also Cal. Pat. 131 7-2 1,
p. 245.

Oldham, Crompton, and Royton con-
tinued to be fees of the court leet of the
manor and hundred of Salford down to
1856; Edwin Butterworth, Oldham (ed.
1856), 13.

The name Kaskenmoor does not seem
to have come down to modern times.

SALFORD HUNDRED

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

under Nevill. The combined services due from
them amounted exactly to the service required by
the king.

There does not seem to have been any manor of
QLDHAM™ but in later times it was usually supposed
to be attached to WERNETH, the holder of this por-
tion bearing the local name ; thus in 1222-6 Alward
de Oldham held 2 oxgangs in Werneth by a rent of
ig^d.33 Though a number of Oldhams appear in
pleadings, &C.,34 nothing is known of the descent of
Werneth until the latter part of the I4th century,
Margery daughter of Richard de Oldham and
wife of John de Cudworth dying in October

1383 holding the manor of
Oldham of the Duke of Lan-
caster by knight's service and
by the rent of 6s. 6d.K Her
son and heir, John de Cud-
worth, was born early in
1379, and proved his age in
1 40 1.36 The descent of the
manor in the Cudworth fa-
mily is fairly clear from this
time37 until 1683, when it
was sold by Joshua Cudworth
to Sir Ralph Assheton of

CUDWORTJI. Azure a
fesse erminoit between
three demi-lions rampant

88 Nothing further is known of Reyner
de Wombwell, who held 6 oxgangs of land
under Montbegon and 2 oxgangs under
Nevill ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 63, 64.
The latter part, as appears by the next note,
was Werneth. His name occurs as witness
to deeds in the Pontefract Chartulary
above referred to.

83 Ibid. 133. The rent for 2 oxgangs
agrees more nearly with 25 than 26 for
the whole of Kaskenmoor. The other 6
oxgangs of Reyner may have been held by
Alward, but not of the king.

84 In the 1324 Feodary (Dods. MSS.
cxxxi, fol. 3 8 A) the Oldham family's hold-
ing is stated to have been formerly that
of Adam de Eccles. Among the Hop-
wood charters is a deed by Adam de
Eccles, granting land in Oldham to Henry
de 'Oldulm,' and another making a grant
to Jordan de Crompton.

In 1275 Adam de Oldham and Geoffrey
de Chadderton jointly took action against
John de Byron respecting tenements in
Oldham and Chadderton ; Assize R. 405,
m. 3<7. Probably the boundaries of Royton
were in dispute.

Adam de Oldham, William de Oldham,
and Adam son of Adam de Oldham ap-
pear in 1292 in suits about tenements in
Oldham of which no particulars are given;
Assize R. 408, m. 18, 58; Cal. Close,
1288-96, p. 40. At the same time
Christiana daughter of Peter de Oldham
claimed a messuage and land against
Robert son of Warine de Marcheden ; the
latter had received them from Christiana's
next of kin Cecily daughter of William
son of Peter, whose mental soundness was
the point in dispute. Finally Robert gave
a mark for licence to agree, and received
a quitclaim ; Assize R. 408, m. 15 ; see
also De Banco R. 108, m. 12; no, m.
7. Isabel daughter of Adam de Oldham
claimed 20 acres and half an oxgang of
land against her father in 1297; De
Banco R. 1 1 8, m. 1 24.

Among the Hopwood charters are
•grants from Adam son of Adam de Old-
ham to William his brother ; one is dated
1300.

Adam de Oldham occurs again in 1302;
Assize R. 418, m. 1 1. In 1310 he granted
to Sir John de Byron of Clayton part of
his waste in Oldham and Werneth ; Shaw,
Oldham, 7. Adam and his son Richard
in 1319 granted Sir Richard de Byron
land and wood in Menewood ; and next
year Richard son of Adam de Oldham
released to Sir Richard son of Sir John de
Byron all claim in the portion of waste
granted by the charter of 1310 ; ibid. 8 ;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxv, 36.

From a suit of 1315 it appears that the
Earl of Lancaster had granted the manor
to Sir Robert de Holland, for Geoffrey de
Chadderton then appeared against Adam
de Oldham on the plea that Adam as

mesne tenant should acquit him of the
service demanded by Sir Robert ; De
Banco R. 212, m. 51 d. No more is
known of the Holland lordship.

Richard son of Richard de Oldham in
1324 paid 61. 6d. for an oxgang (no doubt
for Werneth) ; Duchy of Lane. Rentals
and Surv. 379, m. 13. A William de
Oldham contributed to the subsidy in
1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and dies.), 31.

Richard de Oldham was lord of the
town in 1354; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 3, m. 6 d. The heirs of Richard de
Oldham in 1378 held part of Oldham by a
rent of 6s. 6d. ; Harl. MS. 2085, fol. 422.

A later Richard de Oldham is named in
1427 in two of the Raines deeds (Chet.
Lib.), bdle. 3, no. 36, 37 ; his daughters
Ellen and Margery quitclaimed the lands
called * Hasellenshagh,' which had be-
longed to their father, to William son of
Richard de Aspenhalgh ( Aspinall), who had
married Alice, another daughter. William
de Aspenhalgh and John his son were in
1438 bound in 251. to John de Colyn ;
ibid. no. 39.

85 Towneley MS. DD, no. 1455 ; the
clear value was £3 131. 6d. The date of
the inquisition is 1401, when John de
Cudworth had come of age.

86 Ibid. no. 1500. Richard de Tetlow
gave evidence that John the heir was born
March 1378-9, and baptized in Oldham
by John de Blackburne, chaplain, the god-
parents being John del Forth and Margery
del Helde.

The inquisition taken after the death
of his father in October 1384 is printed
in Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 13. It
differs in some details from the above.
The tenure is more fully stated — by
knight's service and by a rent of 6s. 8J. ;
and by doing suit to the county from six
weeks to six weeks, and to the wapentake
from three weeks to three weeks ; also by
finding a bailiff for the duke in the wapen-
take of Salford. The custody of the heir
was given to Richard de Tetlow.

See also Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 2.

87 Pedigrees were recorded in 1567
(Visit. Chet. Soc. 15), 1613 (ibid. 80),
and 1664 (ibid. 90). There is another
in Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1817), 69.

John Cudworth made a feoffment of
his lands in Oldham in 1405 ; Dods. MSS.
cxvii, fol. 165.

In 1445-6 John Cudworth held the
twentieth part of a knight's fee in Old-
ham, but did not pay 51. for relief, as
being in ward ; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, 2/20.

John Cudworth of Werneth contributed
to the subsidies of 1523 and 1541 ; Shaw,
Oldham, 15, 18.

John Cudworth, who according to the
pedigrees was great-grandson of the John
of 1401, died 22 June 1555, holding a

95

mansion-house called Werneth, eight mes-
suages, &c., in Oldham, 41. jd. free rent,
viz. zo^</. from lands late of John Hop-
wood in Nether Horsedge, 2i/. from land
called Hazelshaw belonging to John
Aspenhalgh, and zd. from Robert Butter-
worth's land next Cowhill (Coohill) ; all
held of the Duchy of Lancaster by knight's
service and a rent of 6s. 8</. He had
granted certain lands to Agnes daughter
of Alexander Lees (who married his son
Ralph), and the rest of his estate — as ' the
manor of Werneth,' &c. — to his son and
heir Ralph, who at the taking of the
inquest in 1556 was fifty years of age;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, 36.

Ralph Cudworth died 28 Nov. 1558,
holding much the same estate. The de-
tails of the 41. jd. rents are more fully
given : zi^J. from Edmund Ashton for
land in Greenacres ; yd. from John Taylor
in Over Horsedge and Redlees, ij</. from
John Hopwood in Nether Horsedge, 2 id.
from Haslinshaw, and id. from the land
next Cowhill. Ralph, the son and heir,
was twenty-six years of age ; ibid, xi, 62.

The descent of Redlees is given by
Edwin Butterworth ; it was owned in
1856 by John Bradshaw Greaves ; Oldham,

43-

Ralph Cudworth made a settlement of

the manor of Werneth, ten messuages,
&c., in Oldham in 1561 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 23, m. 117. He died
22 Aug. 1572 holding the manor or
capital messuage of Werneth, &c., as
before, and six burgages, &c., at Wake-
field. By his will he set apart a third of
the profits of his lands for thirteen years
for the education and marriage of his
daughters — Alice, Margery, and Anne.
The heir was his son John, then eight
years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xii, no. i. By his will he desired to be
buried in the chapel on the north side of
the parish church. His wife Jane, his
son and daughters, and William Ashton
his brother-in-law are mentioned. He
set apart £30 a year for life for his bastard
son Ralph, and gave 401. to this Ralph's
son Ralph ; Shaw, Oldham, 26. He also
made provision for a posthumous son of
his own, who was baptized as Ralph at
Oldham, 2 Sept. 1572. He was the Dr.
Ralph Cudworth, fellow of Emmanuel
College, Cambridge, who was father of the
celebrated author of the True Intellectual
System of the Universe ; note by Mr. J. C.
Whitebrook. See Diet. Nat. Biog.

John Cudworth occurs in various ways
in the early part of the I7th century. He
was one of the first governors of Oldham
Grammar School in 1606. His eldest son
John was twenty-eight years of age in
1613, and died in 1652, leaving as heir
his son Joshua, who in 1 664 was fifty-one,
and had a son, also Joshua, aged eighteen;
see Visitations. The curious inscription

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Middleton.88 The new owner gave it with his daughter
and co-heir Catherine to Thomas Lister of Gisburn
Park, Yorkshire ; the Listers sold it for £25,500 to
Parker & Sidebottom of London, by whom it was
sold in 1795 to John Lees, cotton manufacturer, for
j^OjOOO.39 It is now owned by Mrs. Charles Lees
of Werneth Park.

Werneth Hall is said to have been originally a
timber and plaster building, but this was destroyed
by fire in I456,40 and no trace of it now remains.
The present house, which is built of stone, stands on
sloping ground on the south-west side of the town
facing south at the corner of Werneth Hall Road and
Frederick Street, the original portions dating probably
from the beginning or middle of the I yth century. The
house, however, has been so much altered and rebuilt
both inside and out that its ancient appearance is
almost wholly lost, but it was probably a building
with a centre and end wings at the east and west.
A portion only of the line of the old frontage remains ;
the west gable is still intact, but the centre portion
has been replaced by a brick cottage, and the east
wing appears to have been extended, and mutilated at
the top, but whether it ever was a gabled building
like the west wing is uncertain. There is an original
entrance doorway in the east wing facing south, and

the old five-light mullioned and transomed windows
with labels still remain in both wings, except that
the mullions in the lower windows have been cut
away. The old west wing runs through to the back
of the house, where there are two five-light mullioned
and transomed windows with label mouldings, but a
modern stone extension has been made to the house
at the west, which effectually hides the old work on
that side. The existing portion of the old hall is
now used as a nurses' home.

CHAMBER HALL, to the south-east of Wer-
neth, was for some centuries
the residence of the Tetlows
of Werneth, said to be de-
scended from the Oldham fa-
mily.41 Lawrence Tetlow died
26 December 1582 seised of
three messuages, &c., in Ash-
ton under Lyne, held of the
queen in socage by a rent of

$d. ; and twelve messuages,
o • r\\ JL LIJ r T> i i_

&c., in Oldham, held of Ralph

Barton in socage, by a barbed

arrow at Christmas, and a pair

of gloves (or id.) at St. Oswald's. Richard, his son

and heir, was about thirty-seven years old.41a Early

TETLOW. Ar

w tngralled
tited gulet.

nt a

„.

on John Cudworth's monument (died 7
June 1652, aged sixty-eight) in Oldham
church, erected by his sons Richard and
Thomas, is printed in Butterworth's
Oldham (ed. 1817), 26. Thomas had
been ' vitae et necis civilis arbiter class! s,
non nimis felicis, quae petiit Jamaicam.'

The will of Joshua, the father, made in
1 66 1 and proved in 1667, is printed in
Shaw, Oldbam, 167.

88 It was the younger Joshua who in
1683 sold Werneth ; ibid. 191. A settle-
ment of the manors of Werneth and Old-
ham had been made in 1668 by Joshua
Cudworth and Anne Cudworth, widow ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 181, m. 146,

John Smith, clerk, who died at Cam-
bridge 22 Aug. 1638, held a messuage,
Ac., in Oldham of John Cudworth ;
Thomas Smith, the brother and heir, was
sixty years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xxx, no. 38.

89 Butterworth, op. cit. 69 ; 'It is only
about 100 acres, but contains an invalu-
able quantity of coal, and much common
right.'

In 1773 there was a recovery of the
manors of Oldham and Werneth, the
tenant being Thomas Lister ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 617, m. 9 d. He was father of
Thomas Lister, Lord Ribblesdale, who
sold Werneth in 1792. John Lees, son of
Daniel Lees of Barrowshaw, began busi-
ness about 1775 in Church Lane. He
aroused great indignation, as lord of the
reputed manor of Oldham, by claiming
tolls on the market stalls ; this claim he
withdrew. He died in 1823, was suc-
ceeded by his son Edward, who died in
1835, and was in turn succeeded by his
sons John Frederick Lees and George
Lees, the former of whom was member
for the borough (Conservative) from 1835
to 1837, and died in 1867 ; E. Butter-
worth, Oldham (ed. 1856), 24, 129, 159 ;
Pink and Beaven, Par/. Repre. of Lanes.
310.

Lord Ribblesdale' s deeds contain a
number relating to Oldham from 1552
onwards 5 they concern the Cudworth and
Crompton families.

40 Shaw, Oldbam) 13. For description
of remains in 1890, see Lanes, and Cbes.
Antiq. Sot. viii, 147.

41 In 1292 Adam son of Adam de
Oldham bound himself to repay 4 marks
borrowed from Adam de Prestwich, or
instead grant him land called the North-
hey ; Agecroft D. 3.

In 1332 Richard de Tetlow and others
did not prosecute their claim against
Richard de Byron respecting lands in Old-
ham and Chadderton ; Assize R. 1411,
m. 1 2 d.

Thomas son of Adam de Prestwich in
1335 granted to Richard son of Adam de
Tetlow all his part of Adamhey in the
Northwood in Oldham — perhaps the
Northhey of the above-cited bond j
Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 3, no. 28.

In 1337 the sheriff was ordered to
inquire whether Richard de Tetlow was
seised of 80 acres of land and 20 acres
of wood in Oldham and Crompton ; Alice
his widow claimed a third of it as dower
against Amabel widow of Adam de
Tetlow. She further claimed dower in
other lands in Oldham and Cheetham ;
De Banco R. 310, m. i6od. ; Cal. Close,

*337-9> P- "6-

Another Tetlow family is shown in
pleadings of 1480, in which the grant of
a messuage, &c., in Oldham by Eva
daughter of William de Oldham to
Richard son of Adam de Tetlow, with
remainder to Richard's brother Adam,
was claimed by the descendants of Adam's
three daughters — George Chadderton,
Ralph Belfield, Bernard Butterworth, and
Elizabeth his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Writs
of Assize, 20 Edw. IV.

Hugh son of Adam de Tetlow in 1340
gave lands in the Coppedhurst and Payre-
halghus to his mother, Anabil, for life,
with remainder to his brother Roger ;
Raines D. no. 29.

Adam son of Richard de Tetlow in
1347 successfully claimed eight messuages,
&c., in Oldham, held by Adam son of
Adam de Tetlow ; Assize R. 1435, m. 39.

In 1375 Roger son of Richard de
Langley gave to Richard son of Richard

96

de Tetlow all his lands in Manchester,
Crompton, and Oldham, with remainder*
to Richard bastard son of Adam de
Tetlow, and to John son of Richard de
Oldham ; Agecroft D. no. 48. In the fol-
lowing year Richard son of Richard de
Tetlow occurs as plaintiff; De Banco R.
462, m. 121 d. Richard de Tetlow in
1390 confirmed to Robert Walker, chap-
lain, a burgage and messuage in Oldham
and Manchester; Shaw, Oldham, n.

Cases of cow-stealing and trespass in
1441 and 1443 bring in other members
of the family — Robert and Alexander,
sons of Robert de Tetlow ; Robert son of
Richard de Tetlow and Isabel his wife ;
Robert Tetlow of Oldham and Richard
his son ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 3, m. 31;
5, m. 1 5 b.

Richard Tetlow of Werneth granted to
John Langley 5 acres in Oldham in 1474;
the bounds mention Hunwalgate, Glod-
wick Brook, the Clough Bottom, the old
kiln, the lime-pits, Hollinwood, and
Northwood ; John Langley resigned his
claim to the Spurfield land ; Raines D.
bdle. 3, no. 43.

Arthur Tetlow, of Chamber Hall, con-
tributed to the subsidy in 1523 ; Shaw,
Oldham, 1 5. John Tetlow contributed for
goods in 1541 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 145. Lawrence Tetlow in
1551 made a feoffment of messuages and
lands in Oldham and Ashton under Lyne ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 14, m. 178.
He was among those summoned in 1574
to provide equipment for the muster ;
Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 3 i.

41a Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, 56.
The inquisitions of the Bartons of Smithills
do not mention any lands in Oldham, but
the Butterworths of Butterworth also held
lands of them by ' an arrow with an iron
barb ' ; ibid, xiii, 2.

Richard Tetlow, in return for the
surrender of a lease granted by his father
Lawrence, gave a new lease of a messuage
in Oldham in 1596 ; the rent was to be
821. a year, with four hens at Christmas,
two capons at Easter, and four days' shear-
ing (reaping) in harvest. Richard further

OLDHAM : CHAMBER HALL FROM THE SOUTH-WEST

OLDHAM : BACK OF CHAMBER HALL SHOWING OLD BARN

SALFORD HUNDRED

GREGGE. Or three
trefoils between two che-
•verons table.

in the I 7th century the estate passed by sale to the
Woods," and from them in 1646 to the Wrigleys.43
Henry Wrigley served as high sheriff in 1651," and
in local matters was a zealous supporter of Robert
Constantine in the disputes
as to the church of Oldham.45
By marriage Chamber Hall
passed to the Gregges of Ches-
ter, who in 1773 succeeded to
Hopwood, and took this sur-
name.46 Edward Gregge Hop-
wood died in 1 798, and left
the Chamber Hall estate in
equal portions to his three
daughters. The eldest died
unmarried ; Elizabeth mar-
ried James Starkey of Hey-
wood ; and the other married
Maj. -General Peter Heron, Tory member for Newton
in Makerfield from 1806 to 1814; and the estate
was recently held by their heirs.47

Chamber Hall lies on the south side of Oldham at
the bottom of Chamber Lane, but on an eminence
formerly commanding a very extensive prospect of the
country to the south.48 The building belongs to two
periods. The older part at the back was apparently
erected in 1640, along with the barn to the south,
and is a stone-built house of two stories and an attic
with mullioned windows and gables, and the roofs
covered with grey stone slates. Some of the windows
are built up and others modernized, but many of the
original 17th-century windows with the labels over
remain. The walling is of long thin coursed stones with
squared quoins, many of great length, at the angles.

The front of the house was pulled down in 1752,
when the present block facing the street was erected.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

It is of three stories, built in stone in the plain classic
style of the period, with central door and two square-
headed windows on each side of it. There are five
large windows on the first floor with small attic win-
dows over. The ground floor windows have archi-
traves and keystones, but the upper ones architraves
only, and the sashes retain their original wood bars.
The front is faced with large squared coursed stones,
with chamfered quoins at the angles, the chimneys are
of brick, a"nd the roof is covered with blue slates. On
the south-west of the house is a large stone barn, with
stone slated roof and wide end gables. The entrance
doorways in each side of the barn have also smaller
stone gables, that facing the house bearing the initials
G. w., i. w., and the date 1640 on a stone over a
blocked three-light mullioned window. The initials
are probably those of George Wood and his wife Jane
(Tetlow), the builders of the house. The barn is a
fine specimen of the stone-built barns of the I7th
century. At the other side of the house, to the
south-east, is a range of stone buildings, two stories
high, now a cottage and stable, with outside stone
steps at the north end. It has low mullioned windows
and a stone-slated roof, and over the stable door is
the date 1648 and the initials H. w., being those
of Henry Wrigley, who bought the hall from the
Woods in 1 646. He is said to have ' employed
numerous artisans in the trade of fustian weaving, and
converted part of the outbuildings of his hall into a
warehouse.' 49 The door with his initials may be an
insertion in one of the original outbuildings, but it is
more probable that he erected this range of buildings
himself for workshops.

A portion of the Tetlow estate passed by marriage
to the Langleys of Agecroft, and long continued in
that family.50 Another Tetlow family was settled at

agreed that Robert his son and heir
apparent should confirm it on coming of
age; Shaw, Oldham, 40. In 1610, in
conjunction with Katherine his wife, he
made a settlement of his ' manors of Old-
ham and Werneth,' with thirty messuages,
mill, lands, &c. ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 78, no. 5. He died in 1611, and
his will and inventory are printed by Shaw,
op. cit. 51, 52; he mentions his wife
Katherine, son Robert, daughter Jane wife
of William Bradshaw, grandson Adam
Pilkington, and others, and desired to be
buried in the ' chapel church of Oldham.'
The only book was ' a great old Bible ' ;
the arms were a caliver, two great bills,
a yew bow and a quiver, and a broken
cross-bow ; ' a pair of playing tables ' was
valued at it.

Robert Tetlow contributed to the sub-
sidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 157. Nine years later he paid
£10 on refusing knighthood ; ibid. 216.
As a convicted recusant he paid double to
the subsidy of 1626-7 (Lay Subs. bdle.
131, no. 312), and in 1630 compounded
for his sequestered two-thirds by an annual
fine of £10.

42 By indenture dated 14 September
1635 Robert Tetlow of the Chamber Hall
in or near Oldham, and William Horton
of Barkisland, Yorks., conveyed to George
Wood of Groby and John Wood
of London, for £2,120, the capital
messuage in Werneth, with lands, &c.,
there and in Greenacres, the names and
rents of the occupiers being given ;
Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 5, no. 77.
This was accompanied by a fine, Robert

Tetlow and Mary his wife, William Horton
and Elizabeth his wife, being deforciants ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 128, no. 33.

George Wood, who is said to have
married Jane the daughter and heir of
Robert Tetlow, contributed to the subsidy
of 1641 for his lands ; Shaw, op. cit. 87.
In the following year George and John
Wood gave a lease of the messuage, &c.,
called Broad Heys in Oldham ; ibid. 93.

48 Ibid. 102.

44 P.R.O. Lilt, 73.

45 See the correspondence in Manch.
Classit (Chet. Soc.), App. Henry Wrigley
died in London, and was buried there 26
July 1658 ; Shaw, op. cit. 152.

Henry Wrigley the younger, son of
Henry Wrigley of the Chamber in Old-
ham, at Ashton under Lyne on 5 April
1654 married Susannah daughter of
Samuel Jenkinson of Woodhouses. A
son, Henry, was buried at Ashton 23
Mar. 1654-5.

Benjamin Wrigley, the next owner of
Chamber, was summoned to attend the
Herald's Visitation in 1664, but no pedi-
gree is recorded ; Dugdale, Visit, (Chet.
Soc.), p. v.

46 E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856),
from which this account of the descent is
mainly taken. By his will, 1671, Benja-
min Wrigley devised his property in Old-
ham, &c., to his eldest daughter Martha
and her issue ; and she married Joseph
Gregge.

In 1681 Joseph Gregge and Martha
his wife made a settlement of the manors
of Werneth and Oldham ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 207, m. 84. In 1682

97

Joseph Gregge granted a lease of a mes-
suage at a rent of ios., a heriot at every
death, two fat hens at Christmas, a fat
capon at Easter, a day's harrowing with
two harrows, and three days' reaping as re-
quired ; Shaw, op. cit. 187. Joseph
Gregge died in 1705 ; ibid. 241.

In a recovery of the manors of Werneth
and Oldham in 1712 the tenants were
Benjamin Gregge, Elizabeth his wife,
and Henry Ashton ; PaL of Lane. Plea
R. 496, m. 4. Benjamin Gregge was
high sheriff in 1722 ; P.R.O. List, 74.

A settlement was made of the manors
of Werneth and Oldham in 1773 by Ed-
ward Gregge Hopwood and Judith his
wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 389,
m. 28.

47 In 1856 these heirs were : — Edmund
John Gregge Hopwood, Catherine Heron,
Mary Felicia Barry, (Rev.) George Heron,
Henry Heron, (Rev.) Frank George Hop-
wood, and Hervey Hopwood ; Butter-
worth, op. cit. 28. On the same page is
an account of the haunting of Chamber
Hall.

In 1890 Chamber was stated to be the
property of the Gregge Hop woods ; see an
account of the place in Lanes, and Ches,
Antiq. Soc. viii, 150-4, where is printed
an ungallant couplet written on a window
pane of the hall.

48 J. Butterworth, op. cit. 1826.

49 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. viii.

*° In 1352 lands in Crompton, Oldham,
and Werneth were part of the Tetlow
estate settled upon Richard de Langley
and Joan his wife ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 132. Disputes had

'3

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

COLDHURST," which was formerly an estate of the
Hospitallers."

LEES HALL was long the residence of the Chad-
derton family of Oldham and Crompton.53 George
Chadderton, living in 15 15, held Rowdefields, Magot
Fields, and Lees in Oldham of John Cudworth by
knight's service and a rent of 4^. His widow
{Catherine died 10 April 1543, and their grandson

Thomas (son of Thomas son of George) was the
heir, and twenty-two years of age.53a In the latter
part of the iyth century it was acquired by the
Lyon family,54 and passed through various hands.
Lawrence Chadderton, a famous Puritan divine, first
master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, is said to
have been born here." The site is now occupied
by saw-mills. Bent Hall, in the same neighbour-

occurred already with other lords of Old-
ham, for in 1351 Adam de Chadderton and
Alice his wife claimed a messuage and
land against Richard de Langley and Joan
his wife, William son of Robert de Rad-
cliffe, Anabil de Tetlow, and Thomas de
Parr, and though the first writ was dis-
missed for the error of questus est instead
of questi tunt the suit continued ; Duchy
of Lane. Assize R. i (July), m. 4 d.; (Lent),
m. 2, 2 d. One Hugh de Tetlow had
been seised of the disputed tenement,
which on his death descended to Joan
de Langley as daughter of Jordan, elder
brother of Hugh ; but while Joan was a
minor in the duke's wardship, and living
at Pontefract, Adam de Tetlow, a younger
brother, took possession, and granted to
Adam and Alice, the plaintiffs. On the
other hand it was said that Adam de
Tetlow had been in seisin during Hugh's
lifetime, and had granted it to one Robert
de Oldham for life, and after his death to
the plaintiffs.

At Easter 1354. the Langleys claimed
common of pasture in 8 acres of moor and
pasture, as pertaining to Joan's inheritance
(a messuage and 20 acres) in Oldham,
against Richard son of Richard de Tet-
low, Adam son of Alice de Pussh", and
Richard de Oldham, lord of the town, who
had made an approvement of the waste.
Sufficient pasture had been left, but the
Langleys had previously had greater free-
dom of entry by a certain lane, in which
Richard de Oldham had made a lydiate
{lideata} and a ditch to shut out the beasts
•coming there. Though the lydiate could
ibe opened at will a certam amount of
injury had been caused, and the defendants
made fines of £ mark, £ mark, and 10*.
respectively. One security for Richard de
Tetlow was Richard de Cudworth ; Duchy
• of Lane. Assize R. 3, m. 6 d. A decree
respecting common of pasture in favour
of Robert Langley was made in 1440
.against Robert Tetlow ; Dep. Keeper's
Rep. xxxiii, App. 39.

This tenement continued to descend
-with Agecroft until 1561, when, on Sir
"Robert Langley's death, it became part of
vthe portion of his daughter Dorothy, who
married James Ashton of Chadderton ; the
deed of settlement speaks of 'manors,
messuages, lands, &c., in Oldham and
Crompton ' ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle.
4, no. 63 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
24, m. 3 ; 47, m. 93.

The Ashton family held already a con-
siderable estate in Oldham, and in 1612
James Ashton died seised of ten
messuages, 100 acres of land, fee,, in Old-
ham and Glodwick, by inheritance from
his father Edmund, and of twenty-four
messuages, &c, of his wife's inheritance ;
the former were held partly of John
Cudworth by knight's service and a rent
of 5</., and partly of the king (for the
Knights Hospitallers) in socage by a rent
of (>\d. ; the latter were held together
with lands, &c., in Alkrington, Tonge,
and Crompton, by the twentieth part of a
knight's fee and yd. rent ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 225, 230.

Richard Ashton purchased a messuage,
&c., in 1596 from George Towers,
William and John Aspinall ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle 59, m. 237. This land
was that called Hardshaw, as may be seen
by comparing its rent of zid. with that
in the Inq. p.m. of Richard Ashton; (Rec.
Soc.), i, 145.

51 Edmund Tetlow of Coldhurst con-
tributed to the subsidy of 1523 ; Shaw,
Oldham, 15. The will of John Tetlow
of Coldhurst, 1598-9, mentions Ellen his
wife, Edmund, George, John, and Anne
Tetlow his children, Abraham Taylor and
Ambrose Jackson his sons-in-law ; ibid.
41. Edmund Tetlow of Coldhurst was a
freeholder in 1600, and contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 248, 157. In 1639, on a
complaint being made of the destruction
of the timber, &c., on the moors of Old-
ham and Crompton, he stated that he and
his ancestors were seised of a capital
messuage called Coldhurst and about 60
acres of land ; also of two messuages in
Crompton and 40 acres, with rights of
common on Crompton Moor, Greenacres
Moor, Edge Moor, North Moor, and
Hollinwood, but not on Sholver Moor.
He was not aware that the king was the
owner of the soil or had ever granted
leases of the commons ; Shaw, 77-81. In
the following year Edmund Tetlow the
elder and Edmund Tetlow the younger
sold the Great Meadow near Fogg
Lane for a poor's field ; Char. Com. Rep.
(1826), xvi, 227.

Anne, the eldest of three daughters and
co-heirs of Edmund Tetlow, in 1709
married Edmund Radcliffe, and though
she died without issue her inheritance
appears to have descended to the Rad-
cliffe's heirs ; E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed.
1 8 5 6), 45 . Coldhurst itself, however, was
sold to Sir Ralph Assheton, and descended
like Werneth until 1804, when Lord
Ribblesdale sold it to Abraham Crompton
of High Crompton ; ibid. 34.

M Lanes, and Ches.Antiq. Soc.viii, 149-
50. A rent of $\d. was payable, which
ceased to be demanded about eighty years
ago.

53 Of the earlier generations of this
family some account will be found under
Crompton.

Robert son of Adam de Impetres, by
Margaret daughter of Richard del Lees,
claimed a messuage and lands in Oldham
in 1351 and 1352; and as Adam de
Chadderton warranted, and Thomas son
of Thomas de Chadderton was summoned,
it is probable the land was in or near
Lees Hall ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i,
m. 5 d.; 2, m. 8.

68a Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, 31.
In 1537 Thomas the heir had married
Joan daughter of John Tetlow (who
survived him), and lands, &c., in Lees
and Crompton were then settled upon
him by his grandparents. He died 16
Aug. 1572 holding Lees of Ralph Cud-
worth by the sixtieth part of a knight's
fee and a rent of $d. a year ; George his
son and heir was twenty-four years of

age. The estate had been increased by
messuages in Manchester ; ibid, xiii, 7.
His will is printed in Piccope's Wills
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 130 ; to his son Lawrence
he left 40*. a year from his inheritance at
Foulfyn in Staffordshire till the son should
have an income of 100 marks a year
from benefices. The Manchester burgages
seem to have been acquired in 1561 ;
Mancb. Ct. Lett Rec. i, 63, 149.

George Chadderton died in 1606 hold-
ing lands in Staffordshire as well as in
Crompton, Oldham, and Manchester. He
had in 1576 espoused Mary daughter of
John Kuerden, who survived him ; they
had several children, the heir being the
son Thomas, fourteen years of age on 25
Sept. 1606 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 62-4.

Thomas Chadderton contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 157. Two of his leases,
dated 1621 and 1662, are given in Shaw,
Oldham, 75, 76 ; a day's 'shearing' was
required of the tenants.

A pedigree of three generations —
Thomas, George, Thomas — was recorded
in 1613 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 5. Alice,
co-heiress of George Chadderton, married
John Greenhalgh of Brandlesholme, but
died without issue.

54 The northerly portion of the estate
passed to the family of Lingard ; a large
part of it is said to have been sold to the
ancestors of the Cleggs of Bent. In 1 747
a third of the estate was held by Thomas
Percival of Royton. The hall and land
around it became vested in the family of
Lyon, of whom were Henry Lyon (living
1681), John Lyon (1702), and Nicholas
John Lyon (1747). Thehall was in 1752
owned by James Bowden ; in 1765 by
John Winterbottom, who died in 1794 ; it
was then sold to John Lees of Werneth,
and in 1856 was held by the executors of
James Whitehead ; from E. Butterworth's
OIdAam(ed. 1856), 30. Canon Raines in
Notitia Cestr. ii, 116, gives a somewhat
different account of the descent. It appears,
however, that Thomas Chadderton sold
Lees Hall and his whole estate to John
Plumpton of Warrington. In 1681 there
was a suit respecting it, under the pur-
chaser's will, between Henry Lyon and
Sarah his wife (widow of John Plumpton),
William Denton and Mary his wife, and
William King v. John Davy, clerk, and
Susan his wife ; Exch. Dep. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 59.

William Denton resided at Lees Hall
in 1684; Shaw, op. cit. 193. In 1696
Henry Lyon of Lees Hall was an overseer,
and in that year ' old Mrs. Lyon of Lees '
was buried ; ibid. 217,218.

55 Lawrence Chadderton was the
younger son of Thomas Chadderton, who
died in 1572, and is mentioned in his
father's will, as already stated. He is
usually said to have been born in 1536,
but did not enter Christ's College, Cam-
bridge, until 1562. He would probably
be about fourteen at that time. He em-
braced Protestantism, to the great scandal
of his father, who is said to have sent

SALFORD HUNDRED

hood, was at one time occupied as a hat manufac-
tory.56

HORSEDGE, like Coldhurst, belonged to the
Knights of St. John of Jerusalem.67 The tenants

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

were families named Taylor M and Hopwood.49 The
inheritance of the former passed to the Nuttalls and
Radclyffes of Foxdenton. Whetstone Hill and Derker
lie to the north-east of Horsedge.60

him a shilling as his whole share of the
inheritance ; if so, the father must have
relented very quickly. He was appointed
master of Emmanuel in 1584, took part
in the Hampton Court Conference in
1604, and in the translation of the Bible
in 1611. He resigned the mastership in
1622, and died in 1640. He wrote a
treatise on Justification ; see Diet. Nat.
Biog.

56 It is named by Bishop Gastrell in
1717, and was taxed for nineteen windows
in 1728 ; Shaw, op. cit. 293.

Edwin Butterworth (Oldham, 32) states
that Bent Hall was in 1747 the property of
the Rev. Samuel Sidebottom, who married
Mary daughter of Alexander Radclyffe of
Foxdenton ; and that in 1758 it was
occupied by John Clegg, hat manufacturer.
The owner in 1856 was John Rowbottom.

An illustrated sheet pedigree of the
Cleggs of Bent House was issued in 1840 ;
Richard Clegg son of James, son of the
above-named John, being the head of the
family. The Cleggs acquired Westwood,
formerly the property of the Whitehead
family ; E. Butterworth, op. cit. 48, 49.

There was also a Lower Bent Hall,
owned by a family named Taylor ; Butter-
worth, ut sup.

67 This appears from the inquisition cited
below. The land lay on the north side
of High Street and Yorkshire Street, and
the name is preserved in Horsedge Street.
There were seven crosses around it, and it
was deposed in 1620 : 'I did very well
know seven crosses called Seven Holy
Crosses, and also called St. John's Crosses,
to be bounds and meres at Horsedge lands.
I did know them all, either broken or
whole, and do yet know the places where
every of them stood. As first, a stone
cross stood at the end of Greenacres Moor ;
the next, a wooden cross, stood at Hors-
edge stile ; the next, a stone cross, upon
the north-east side of the Edge, called the
Cross under the Edge ; the next, a wooden
cross in Grimby, Called Grimby Cross ; the
next, a stone cross, called Pighill Stile
Cross ; the next, a wooden cross, in the
Town end ; and the last and seventh, a
stone cross in the end of the Shoot, being,
as I judge, very mean of distance from the
first cross of Greenacres moor with the
rest of all the crosses, which be one from
another of equal distance ' ; from the will
of John Newton, collier, printed in Old-
ham Notes and Gleanings, ii, ui,from the
Raines MSS. xxiv, 88.

58 Horsedge Hall was to the north-east
of the church. The inquisition of John
Cudworth (1556) already cited shows
rents from John Taylor of Over Horsedge
and John Hopwood of Nether Horsedge.

John Taylor died in 1574 holding land
called Redleigh of Robert Tetlow and
John Cudworth by fealty and <)d. rent,
an acre at Okeden in Chadderton of the
three lords of the town ; also the capital
messuage called Horsedge in Oldham with
40 acres of land, &c., of Queen Elizabeth
by fealty and -j\d. rent. The inquisition
was not taken until 1619 — by which time
the Hospitallers' lands had been granted to
the Earl of Derby — and Edmund Taylor,
the son and heir, was sixty-seven years of
age ; his son Edmund was living ; Lanes,
nq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
'53-

Edmund Taylor in 1596 granted a
kase of a close called the Pighill (J acre)
in Horsedge to Roger Taylor, clothier, at
a rent of 5*. and a day's ' shearing ' in har-
vest ; 40 marks was paid ; Shaw, Oldham,
39. Edmund Taylor was returned as a
freeholder in 1600 ; Mite. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 247.

In 1622 Robert Tetlow of Werneth
and Edmund Taylor of Horsedge claimed
an estate in 'so much of the open land
called Oldhulme at Oldham as it is
divided within the crosses,' as also wastes,
&c., within Oldham, Werneth, and Green-
acres. They wished to inclose and im-
prove the lands, and had agreed with the
freeholders to allow them reasonable
shares, but the lords of the adjoining
manors of Chadderton and Royton ob-
jected ; Shaw, Oldham, 59.

In the time of Charles I it was stated
that Edmund Taylor, who had leased his
capital messuage and demesne lands of
Horsedge, John his son, John Heap
(brother-in-law of the latter), and John
Jackson had broken down a stable belong-
ing to Horsedge Hall, taken the tenant's
cows and horses kept there, and driving
them into Derbyshire, sold them at Ash-
bourne Fair. John Bretland, who had
married Katherine daughter of Richard
Nuttall — another daughter was Elizabeth,
perhaps the wife of John Taylor — became
surety for them, and they were acquitted,
but £35 had to be paid as compensation
to the tenant. The value of Horsedge
was given as £30 a year ; Duchy of
Lane. Plead, ccix, B, 26. See also Lanes,
and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 249.

Elizabeth, widow of John Taylor, in
1649 compounded for her husband's
delinquency ; he had assisted the king in
the ' first war ' ; Cal. of Com. for Com-
pounding, iii, 2043. She was concerned in
a dispute as to the tithes of Horsedge in
1659 ; Exch. Dep. 32.

In 1663 an agreement was made as to
the purchase of a third part of Horsedge
Hall, with its common of pasture, tur-
bary, mines of coal, slate, &c., by Eliza-
beth Taylor, widow, from her daughter
Katherine wife of Adam Bankes of Wigan,
mercer ; it appears that Katherine was
daughter and co-heir of John Taylor son of
Edmund; Shaw, op. cit. 161. A further
agreement in 1668 shows that the other
daughters, then unmarried, were named
Elizabeth and Eleanor ; ibid. 170. Eliza-
beth soon afterwards married William
Langley of Whittle ; ibid. 173, 175. By
1674 Eleanor had married Thomas Nuttall
of Tottington ; 181. William Langley of
Horsedge was buried at Oldham in 1689 ;
204. In 1697 Elizabeth Langley, widow,
mortgaged her moiety of Horsedge ; 219,
229,232. In 1705 William Langley of
Netherwood Hall, Darley, son and heir of
Elizabeth, sold his moiety of Horsedge to
Thomas Nuttall of Tottington, who thus
acquired the whole ; 240. By his will,
dated 14 Mar. 1726-7, he gave his estates
to his granddaughter Margaret daughter of
Adam Bagshaw by Margaret, only child
of the testator ; with remainder to his
kinsman Thomas son of William Langley
of Thornscow, Yorkshire. He also left
money for the poor of Oldham and the
school there ; ibid. 286-89. Margaret,

99

the heiress, married in 1731 Robert Rad-
clyffe of Foxdenton, and conveyed Hors-
edge to that family 5 Burke, Commoners, iv,
403.

Canon Raines states that the Langleys
continued to have a moiety of the estate,
which was in 1 849 the property of Joseph
Jones of Walshaw House ; Notitia Cestr.
ii, 116. Some Horsedge deeds from
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxiv and
xxxvii, are printed in Oldham Notes and
Gleanings, ii, 164, 165, 169 ; iii, 29.

69 In 1517 James son and heir of John
Hopwood of Horsedge sold to Edmund
Ashton of Chadderton a close of land
called the Pighill, near Horsedge Moor ;
and a little later sold other lands, includ-
ing Walshaw, Lower Raude, and the
Spring ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 4,
no. 49-57.

It has been stated above that James
Ashton in 1612 held lands, formerly the
Hospitallers', by a rent of 6 \d. The Rad-
cliffes of Foxdenton held another portion
by a rent of ^d.

Edmund Hopwood and Joan his wife
in 1570 and 1587 sold small pieces of
land to Ralph Walker ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 32, m. 13 ; 49, m. n.

There was in the i8th century a family
of Hopwood at Bent Brow ; E. Butter-
worth, Oldham (ed. 1856), 33. At Lower
Horsedge, Greenacres, and Swineclough
lived the Ogden family, of whom came
Samuel Ogden, a celebrated Nonconformist
minister, ejected from Mackworth in
1622 ; he died in 1697 ; ibid. 55 ; Diet.
Nat. Biog.

The New House in Greenacres was, with
other property, granted on lease by Isaac
Ogden in 1698 to Katherine Percival of
Royton ; Manch. Free Lib. D. 108.

Edmund Ogden in 1702 purchased from
Henry Lyon, John Lyon, Isaac Lyon, and
Sara his wife two messuages and lands
with appurtenances in Crompton and
Oldham; Hulme D. 116-17.

60 « Whetstone hill is one of the most
ancient homesteads in the township. The
Kershaw family have been seated here a
considerable period ' ; E. Butterworth, Old-
ham, 60. Dirtcar, now Derker, was
owned by John Buckley in 1758, and by
James Greaves in 1856 ; ibid. 42.

Broadbent's and Hopkin Fold were other
houses in the vicinity. Some Hobkin
deeds from the Raines MSS. xxiv, are
printed in Oldham Notes and Gleanings, ii,
171, 181 ; they relate the marriage of
Edmund son of Edward Hobkin, 1526-9.
Richard Hobkin of Oldham contributed
to a subsidy in 1523 for lands; Shaw,
Oldham, 15. A settlement of two
messuages, &c., in Oldham was made by
Edward Hopkin in 1537, Margaret and
Edmund Hopkin being tenants for life ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 1, m. 59.
For disputes as to their lands see Duchy
Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
83-7, 216-18. Edmund Hobkin occurs
in 1552; Shaw, Oldham, 19. He sold
four messuages, &c., to Thomas Radcliffe
in 1556 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
1 6, m. 36. Arthur Hopkin of Hopkin
Fold in 1649 leased or mortgaged the
Great Hardfield to Henry Wrigley of
Chamber; Shaw, op. cit. no. Hop-
kin Green was formerly near Oldham
Church.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Hollinwood,61 Hathershaw,6* and other lands in the
southern part of Werneth have left no trace in the
records. Hathershaw Hall is a long low two-story
stone building dating from the end of the 1 6th
century, but with its eastern end rebuilt a century
later, and what remains is probably but a fragment.
It is divided into five cottages, and stands back from
the road, facing south with an open space in front, in
the midst of mills and small house property. The
older portion is about 54 ft. in length with a slightly
projecting wing at the west end, and is described as

OLD PLAN OF OLDHAM

having quite gone to decay in l826.63 There have
been sufficient repairs since to keep the building
habitable, but nearly all trace of its original appearance
has gone. There is a built-up stone doorway with
a moulded head at one end, and a three-light stone
mullioned window on the first floor at the other, but
all the other windows are modern, and the building is
of little or no architectural interest. The east end
appears to have been rebuilt in 1 694,** and is loftier
than the older part, with quoins at the angles and
square-headed two-light windows with centre mullion
and transom. The win-
dows are of good design,
3 ft. 6 in. wide, and 5 ft.
9 in. high, with double
chamfered heads and
jambs, and placed with an
almost 18th-century re-
gularity. The floor-line
is marked by a string-
course, below which the
walling is of large square-
coursed blocks, and above
of rough narrow-coursed
stones. This portion of
the building, which is
about 38 ft. long, con-
sists of two cottages, in
one of which the mul-
lions and transoms of the
windows have been cut
away and modern case-
ments inserted. Two of
the upper windows are
built up, and a new door-

<\\ ~te Way ^as keen made to
CAx»fce< the second cottage. The
roofs of the two portions
of the building are of
different levels, and are
covered with old grey
stone slates, with stone
ridge tiles. The end ga-
bles yet preserve their
ball ornaments, though the
copings are gone. Some
of the old stone orna-
ments of the house now
lie in front of one of the
cottages in a small in-
closed garden.

Clarksfield, on the eas-
tern border, was held of
the Cudworths by the
Ash tons of Ashton-under-
Lyne ; it descended to
the Booths.65 It was in
1625 purchased by the

81 Hollinwood was formerly part of
Chadderton ; Shaw, Oldham, 253. Hol-
linwood Green, Oak, and Lyme House
are noticed by E. Butterworth, op. cit. 49,
50.

62 Hathershaw Hall was the residence
of the Sandfords in the 1 7th century, of
whom Edward Sandiford was a member
of the classis in 1646 ; in the next cen-
tury it had been acquired by the Side-
hottoms, and Alexander Radclyffe Side-

bottom was the owner in 1856 ; ibid.
35. The name is said to be a corruption
of Hazleshaw, mentioned above as belong-
ing to the Aspenhalghs and Ashtons.
Copster Hill, Pauletts, and Hollins are
also noticed ; ibid. 51, 52.
68 Jas. Butterworth, Oldham.

64 Lanes, and Chet. Antiq. Soc. viii.

65 Sir John de Ashton, who died in
1428, held a messuage and land called
Copthurst ; Lanct. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),

IOO

ii, 22. Coppedhurst has been mentioned
in a previous note regarding the Tetlow
family. In 1507 the same was said to be
held of John Cudworth, as cousin and
heir of William son of Adam de Oldham,
by the service of zs. 6d. and an iron
arrow; ibid, ii, 138. The service seems
to have been compounded for, and is not
mentioned in the inquest after the death
of George Booth in 1543 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, 7.

SALFORD HUNDRED

occupier, John Lees, and has
descended in the family to the
present time.65 The Cud-
worths also had the whole or
part of Greenacres.67

Roundthorn was part of the
estate of Sir Ralph Assheton
of Middleton, and on his
death in 1716 passed to Sir
Nathaniel Curzon of Kedle-
ston, in right of his wife Mary,
a co-heir of Sir Ralph's, and
descended to Earl Howe.68
Waterloo, formerly Sheep-
washes, was in the 1 7th and
1 8th centuries the residence of the Brierley family.6

LEES. Argent tivo
bars raguly bet-ween three
crosslets Jitchy in chief
and a falcon belled in
base all gules.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

GLODWICK, another of the ancient divisions of
Oldham,70 came by 1301 into the possession of Hugh
de Atherton,71 and descended to the Nevills of
Hornby.72 The later history is uncertain. In the
1 6th century the Radcliffes of Foxdenton paid the
chief rent of T,S. id. due to the duchy, but the Standish
and Ashton families also had shares." During the
1 7th century the estate appears to have been sold in
parcels.74 The duchy rent of 3/. \d. was in 1779
paid by the Rev. — Richardson.75

SHOLFER was in 1212 found to have been
held by Ralph Tagun as 4 oxgangs of land ; it
was part of the Nevill estate then in the king's
hand.76 By 1 246 it seems to have become divided ; 77
but in 1324. Robert (or Roger) de Ashton paid
the chief rent due for it, holding in right of his wife,

66 E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856),
38-40. The family were actively engaged
in the business of the district as bankers,
cotton spinners, and coal owners. John
Lees of Fairfield in 1824 built Salem
Moravian chapel and schools at Clarks-
field. There is a pedigree in Burke,
Landed Gentry — Lees of Thurland Castle,
near Kirkby Lonsdale.

6' Greenacres is mentioned as early as
1266, when Margery widow of Jordan de
la Leye claimed dower, a messuage, and
30 acres there against Richard de la Leye.
Margery had a son Adam ; Curia Regis
R. 176, m. 5 d.

In the inquisition of Ralph Cudworth,
above cited, Edmund Ashton is stated to
have paid a rent of 2 1 \d. for land in Green-
acres in 1558. Some was bought from
George Chadderton in 1537 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. n, m. 43. 'In 1702 a
Mr. Rainshaw possessed much property
here, which in 1725 was in the hands of
Mr. Rothwell, and in 1752 of the Rev.
James Rothwell, vicar of Deane ' ; E.
Butterworth, op. cit. 41, 58.

Dowry Mill and Wellyhole were in
Greenacres. The latter of these was
purchased from John Mayall by Edmund
Ogden in 1748 ; ibid. 62.

68 Ibid. 44. Curzon Street is on the
east of this Roundthorn ; there was
another place of the same name near
Glodwick ; information of Mr. S. Andrew.

69 Ibid. 56. The Brierleys or Brearleys
were also seated at Barrowshaw, which
became the property of the Radcliffes of
Royton ; ibid. 6 1 . The last-named family
also purchased Priest Hill ; ibid. 45.

70 In 1 21 2 Adam de Glodwick held two
oxgangs of land of Montbegon and two of
Nevill ; Inq. and Extents, i, 63, 64. The
latter portion escheated to the Crown, and
about ten years later Agnes de Glodwick
should have been in ward to the king in
respect of two oxgangs held by a rent of
i<)\d. and by finding the sixth part of a
judge; ibid. 128. Jordan de Glodwick
gave land in Oldham to his son Richard ;
id. rent was due to the king ; Hopwood
Chart.

>l Final Cone, i, 210; a fine (1307)
between Alexander Atherton, plaintiff, and
Hugh de Atherton and Joan his wife, de-
forciants, of a messuage, 100 acres of land,
&c., in Oldham and Glodwick.

In 1292 Joan relict of Adam de
Holdene was in possession of a messuage
and 100 acres of land in Oldham, inherited
from her mother Agnes, who had married
one Ralph de Astone (or Ashton). It is
just possible that this Agnes was identical
with Agnes the heiress in 1222-6. Being
left a widow she married Jordan de

Crompton, and Joan was their daughter.
Later a claim to the estate was made on
behalf of Jordan's son Adam, then a
minor, probably the son of a later marriage,
whom the father wished to benefit out of
his former wife's estate. The jury, how-
ever, held that Jordan had never been
seised as of fee, so that Joan's claim was
upheld ; Assize R. 408, m. 7, 1 2. This
Joan seems afterwards to have married
Hugh de Atherton, for the claim of Adam
de Crompton was prosecuted in 1301
against Hugh de Atherton and Joan his
wife, who was seised when he married
her; Assize R. 419, m. \^d.

Hugh de Atherton in i 324 paid 31. I id.
for two oxgangs in Glodwick ; Duchy of
Lane ; Rentals and Surv. 379, m. 13.
In other versions the rent is given as
3*. id. or 3*. 4.d. ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents,
ii, 105. Richard de Oldham, clerk, and
others, were in 1343 charged with having
broken into Hugh de Atherton's houses in
Glodwick ; Assize R. 430, m. 32 d. For
this Atherton family see further under
Hindley and Aintree.

72 In 1 346 Sir Robert de Nevill was
holding two oxgangs in Glodwick by the
service of 31. zd. rent, puture of the
Serjeants, and double rent at death ; Add.
MS. 32103, fol. 146.

In the following year the estate in
Oldham and Glodwick — 3 messuages, 140
acres of land, &c. — was settled by Sir
Robert de Nevill of Hornby and Joan his
wife (whose inheritance it was) upon his
son John and Isabel his wife, with remain-
ders to John's brothers ; Final Cone, ii,
12$. As a result of this a claim was
made in 1363 by John de Nevill and
Isabel his wife against Sir John (? Robert)
de Nevill of Hornby, and Joan his wife ;
De Banco R. 416, m. 396 d.

7" The Nevill estates passed to the
Harringtons, and Sir William de Harring-
ton is recorded to have paid the chief rent
in 1378 ; Harl. MS. 2085, fol. 442. In
1445-6 William de Strangeways held the
two oxgangs of land in Glodwick in socage,
rendering 31. zd. yearly, in right of his
wife, who held by conjoint feoffment ;
Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2,
no. 20.

In 1526 the Radcliffes of Foxdenton
paid 31. as the chief rent due for Chadder-
ton and Glodwick (Shaw, Oldbam, 16) ;
but about the end of the century Richard
Radcliffe was responsible for 31. zd. rent
for Glodwick; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868),
i, 447. The inquisitions are not clear.
Thomas Radcliffe, who died in 1567, held
fifty messuages, &c., in Oldham of the
queen, as of the late Priory of St. John of
Jerusalem, by a rent of ^.d. ; Duchy of

IOI

Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 25. In 1589 the
tenure was stated more in detail ; four
messuages, &c., in Oldham, were held of
the queen as of the dissolved priory by a
rent of 4</. ; another messuage, &c., was
held of John Cudworth by a rent of $d. ;
the rest of the lands, &c. in Oldham were
held of the queen as of her Duchy of
Lancaster, by a rent of 6d. ; but of whom
the lands in Glodwick were held the jury
did not know; ibid, iii, 13. William
Radcliffe, the disinherited, held two
messuages in Glodwick of the queen in
socage by a rent of 6d. ; ibid, xv, 23.
Lands in Glodwick were included in a
mortgage or sale by William Radcliffe in
1627 ; the tenants were — Pollit, Heap,
and others ; Shaw, op. cit. 73. John
Pollit in 1666 sold his interest in the
lease to Edward Taylor ; ibid. 166.

Edward Standish of Standish died in
1610 holding six messuages, 60 acre* of
land, &c., in Glodwick of the king in
socage, by 1 1 ^d. rent ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 190.

James Ashton of Chadderton, who died
in 1612, as above stated, held messuages
and lands in Glodwick; ibid, i, 230.

"4 Swineclough was leased in 1570 by
James Ashton and Dorothy his wife to
Adam Ogden ; it had lately been occupied
by his father Adam Ogden, and the new
lease was for the lives of Adam, Anne his
wife, and Adam his son ; Raines D.
(Chet. Lib.). It was sold in 1670 to
Adam Ogden by Edmund Ashton ; E.
Butterworth, op. cit. 37. The Dawsons
and other owners of land at Glodwick are
also named ; and others, including Andrew
of Lowside, at pp. 54, 56.

75 Duchy of Lane. Rentals, bdle. 14,
no. 25 m.

76 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 64 ; the
thegnage rent in later times is usually
given as 3.1. zd.

Ten years earlier, Maud widow of Ralph
Tagun made an agreement as to her
dower with various tenants in Sholver ;
Final Cone, i, 20. Alward Tagun was on
the jury for Salfordshire in 1 242-3 ; Inq.
and Extents, i, 153.

77 In 1246 Andrew de Sholver com-
plained that the Abbot of Roche and
others had disseised him of his free pasture
of Sholver; Assize R. 404, m. i. In
another plea respecting a mine Andrew
was joined by Alward Tagun and Roger
de Pilkington ; ibid. m. 2. The three
occur in other suits respecting lands in
Sholver ; ibid. m. 7, 9.

Margery widow of Geoffrey de Chatham
in 1275 claimed dower in a messuage and
plough-land in Sholver against Geoffrey de
Bracebridge ; De Banco R. 9, m. 32 d.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

it being of the inheritance of Gilbert de Hulme.78
In 1346 it was held in moieties by Richard de Pil-
kington and Cecily de Hulme.79 From the Hulmes
it descended to the Prestwich family,80 who held it
till the middle of the 1 7th century. It was sold to
various persons about 165 7."

Count Hill,8* Polden,83 Crowley,84 Watershed-
dings, Barrowshaw, Broadbent, Peacote, Fullwood,
and Hodgeclough, lie in this portion of the town-
ship.

The growth of the town at the beginning of last
century induced some of the inhabitants to procure
an Act of Parliament, 1802-3, for the inclosure
of the moors ; the commissioners appointed had by
1807 completed the division of the lands among
the landowners and occupiers.84

The government of the town ap-
BOROUGH pears to have been formerly in the
hands of the vestry or the county
magistrates.86 In 1826 a board of Improvement
Commissioners was constituted, who governed the
town for twenty-two years.87 During this time the
Reform Act was passed, and in 1832 Oldham was

made a parliamentary borough, the limits for this
purpose including the whole chapelry. Two members
were assigned to it. One of the first elected was
the celebrated William Cob-
bett, who represented the
place till his death in I835.88
The ratepayers becoming dis-
contented with the adminis-
tration of affairs by the com-
missioners,89 petitioned for
incorporation, and a charter
was granted on 13 June
1849, constituting the inhabi-
tants of the township a muni-
cipal borough ; 90 the town
was divided into eight wards,
each having an alderman and
three councillors.91 William
Jones, a representative of
Werneth Ward, was the first
mayor.91 A town hall had been built in 1 840 ; the
present town hall succeeded in 1879. One of the
first acts of the new council was to create a police

BOROUGH OF OLDRAM.
Sable a cheveron itrvccted
and plain cotised or be-
tween three oivls argent,
on a chief engrailed of
the second a rose between
two annulets gules.

Lands in Sholver were among the moiety
of the Trafford Estate given to Geoffrey
de Chadderton before 1278 ; Final Cone.
i, 153. In 1290, Ellen widow of Geoffrey
de Bracebridge claimed lands in Oldham
against Alexander de Pilkington and
Geoffrey de Chadderton ; De Banco R. 81,
m. 64. In 1291 his demesne lands in
Sholver were among the places named in
the grant of free warren to Roger de
Pilkington; Chart. R. 84, m. 10, 41.
From suits of the same time or a year
later it appears that Geoffrey de Brace-
bridge had held a messuage, 60 acres of
land, &c. in Sholver, which should have
descended to his sister Christiana, wife of
William son of Robert de Stanringes ;
but Geoffrey de Chadderton and Roger de
Pilkington (perhaps as heirs of Chetham)
had taken possession of the messuage and
lands, Adam de Impetres had refused the
i^d. rent, and Robert Attehill the rent of
four barbed arrows. Geoffrey and Roger
showed a charter from the plaintiffs
releasing all claim to the tenements in dis-
pute, and though it was repudiated, the
jury decided for the defendants, ordering
William to gaol because he had denied his
deed. Afterwards he made fine by two
marks ; Assize R, 407, m. 2 ; 408, m. 12.

Margery the niece of Geoffrey de
Bracebridge was in 1305 plaintiff and
defendant in several pleas regarding her
uncle's lands in Oldham ; in one case the
plaintiffs included Geoffrey de Chadderton
the elder, Roger de Pilkington, Adam de
Impetres, &c. ; Assize R. 420, m. 8 ;
also m. i, 8, 9.

In 1317-8 Geoffrey de Chadderton
granted to Gilbert son of Cecily daughter
of William le Bagher land in Sholver
which he had had of the gift of Adam de
Impetres and William son of Henry de
Oldham, with remainder to Thomas the
brother of Gilbert ; Hyde of Denton D.
Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 153, &c.

Robert son of Adam de Impetres was a
claimant of lands in Oldham in July
1351 ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m.
5 A

'8 Duchy of Lane. Rentals and Surv.
379, m. 13, where the tenant is called
Robert de Ashton and the rent given as
Us. &d, ; and Lanes. Inq. and Extents, ii,
105, where the rent is given as 3$. id.

In 1322 Robert de Ashton and Margery
his wife (in her right) appeared against
Gilbert son of Cecily daughter of William
the Baggere concerning a messuage and
land in Oldham by writ of Quare cessa-
iiit per blennlum ; De Banco R. 244,
m. 45.

"9 Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146 ; each
held one oxgang in socage, by a total rent
of zs. zd. (for 31. zd.), providing puture,
and paying a double rent at death. A
note in the manuscript adds : 'The heirs
of Richard de Pilkington, 31. zd.'

80 The Hulme family perhaps bought
the Pilkington share. In 1445-6 Ralph
Prestwich held one oxgang in Sholver in
socage, rendering 31. zd. yearly ; Duchy of
Lane. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no. 20. Thus
the full rent is paid, though only one
oxgang is ascribed to him out of the
original four.

A dispute as to Sholver occurred in
1529, Ralph Prestwich being plaintiff;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 138.

Edward Prestwich paid the chief rent
of 3*. zd. in the time of Elizabeth ;
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 447. In
1639 Edmund Tctlow of Coldhurst dis-
claimed any right of common on Sholver
Moor, conceiving that it belonged to
Thomas Prestwich, as parcel of his lord-
ship of Sholver ; Shaw, Oldham, 8 1.

81 E. Butterworth, op. cit. 42.

82 In 1657 Joseph Clegg purchased
land at Count Hill from Sir Thomas Prest-
wich ; this and other purchases descended
to Joseph Clegg, who died in 1835 ; ibid.

83 Palden in Oldham was at one time
owned by the rectors of Prestwich ;
L.T.R. Mem. R. 169 (5 Hen. IV), m.
xii. Later it was ' the abode of a most
eccentric rustic wit named John Brierley,
a carrier, who from his long connexion with
this place was called "Old Poden,' and
who was buried 17 Mar. 1688'; E.
Butterworth, op. cit. 62.

84 Once die residence of a family of
Byrom ; ibid.

85 E. Butterworth, 156; 'these pro-
ceedings were not popular amongst the
body of the people, for the rights of unre-
strained pasturage for cattle and fowl, and
the advantages of the moors as places of
recreation and exercise, had rendered them
spots deeply endeared to successive genera-

102

tions.' The Acts were 42 Geo. Ill, cap.
59 ; 43 Geo. Ill, cap. 44 ; a copy of the
award may be seen at the County Offices,
Preston. See also an award in 1804 in
King's Bench Plea R. Trin. 44 Geo. Ill,
m. 393. Another Act was passed in
7 Geo. IV, cap. 67. For the moors in
1640, with a plan, see Oldham Notes and
Gleanings, ii, 53 ; also 145, 204.

86 Some of the Constables' accts. (from
1697) are printed in Shaw's Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, i, 5, &c. From these it
appears that they used to attend Salford
Leet Court.

W E. Butterworth, Oldham, 227. The
qualification for assuming the office was
the possession of property worth £50 or
the occupation of premises rented at £30
a year. The commissioners numbered 360
in 1848.

The Act (7 Geo. IV, cap. 117) was
known as the Oldham Police Act. Its
powers were transferred to the corporation
in 1850.

88 Pink and Beaven, Par!. Refre. of
Lanes. 307. John Morgan Cobbett, son
of William, represented the borough from
1852 to 1859 as a Liberal, and from 1874
till his death in 1877 as a Conservative.
Sir John Tomlinson Hibbert was member
from 1862 to 1874, 1877 to 1886, and
1892 to 1895. John Platt, member from
1865 to 1872, has a statue near the
town hall.

89 In 1847 'a disagreement arose be-
tween the political parties in the borough
with regard to the conduct of the police,
which was then under the management of
the Commissioners, and the result was the
introduction, by the magistrates, of the
county force,' to the dissatisfaction of the
people ; E. Butterworth, op. cit. (ed.
1856), 227.

90 Confirmed by Act of Parliament 1 3
& 14 Viet. cap. 42 ; the boundaries were
extended in 1880 by 43 & 44 Viet. cap.
147. An Improvement Act was obtained
in 1865, 28 & 29 Viet. cap. 311.

91 The area of the borough remains un-
changed, but has been divided into twelve
wards — Clarksfield, Coldhurst, Hartford,
Hollinwood, Mumps, St. James's, St.
Mary's, St. Paul's, St. Peter's, Waterhead,
Werneth, and Westwood.

92 E. Butterworth, op. cit. 228-9.

SALFORD HUNDRED

force.93 In 1854 the gas and water works, established
by an Act passed in 1825,'* were purchased.95 The
paving and lighting of the town were attended to,
and public baths were opened.96

Markets and fairs had grown up,97 and in 1855 a
covered market was built by a private company.
This was in 1865 purchased by the corporation ; the
fish market, adjoining it, was built in i873.98 The
Lyceum, in the hands of trustees, was erected in 1856
as a library and reading room ; " attached to it is a
school of science and art, erected in 1864, and en-
larged in 1 8 8 0-8 1 .10° In the free library, art gallery,
and museum is a reference and lending library, and
an exhibition of pictures is held annually ; the build-
ing was opened from 1883 to 1887. A school
board was formed in 1871 ;101 its offices were built in
1893. Alexandra Park was opened in i865.1M
There are cemeteries at Greenacres,103 Hollinwood,
and Chadderton. The Corporation Electric Tram-
ways and others provide services in the borough, and
connect it with Middleton and Ashton.104

The infirmary was built in 1870, and has been
several times enlarged. There is a medical mission
hall.

The other public buildings include the county
court, post office, and theatres.105 The workhouse is
in Rochdale Road.

The 6th Volunteer Battalion of the Manchester
Regiment has its head quarters at Oldham ; 106 there
is also a squadron of yeomanry.

The church of ST. MART™ stands
CHURCH on high ground east of the market-place
on an ancient site, but is a modern build-
ing belonging to the early part of the igth cen-
tury. In 1476, Ralph Langley, parson of Prest-
wich, built * a body of a church ' there. This
seems to impiy the existence of a chancel at that date.
The indenture between Rector Langley and the
masons he employed is still preserved in Prestwich
Church, and sets forth that the building is to be of
four arches on each side, of hewn stone, 1 2 ft. wide
between the pillars and 1 8 ft. high, with a width in
the nave of 20 ft., and a cross arch at each end, that

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

at the west * according for a steeple with two but-
tresses.' The aisles were to be I o ft. wide, and the
outer walls 1 2 ft. high, with five windows to the south
aisle, one at each end and three upon the side, and a
door and porch. The north aisle was to have four
windows, one at each end and two in the north wall,
and a door, but apparently no porch. Four of the
windows were to be of three lights and the rest of
two lights, and there were to be three buttresses to
the south aisle and four to the north. This work,
with later restorations 108 and additions, apparently
lasted till the beginning of the last century.

Illustrations of the old church as it existed towards
the close of the i8th century109 show a building con-
sisting of chancel with north and south chapels, nave
with north and south aisles, south porch, and west
tower, and a vestry added at the east end under the
chancel window in 1777."°

James Butterworth, writing in 1817, says that the
north wall had been built at three distinct periods,
the portion eastward from the tower to the fourth
buttress being the most ancient and containing the
original windows, * each window on the north side
being composed of two pointed arches and on the
south side of three, each compartment of equal height
divided by mullions and with trefoiled heads.' This
would tolerably well agree with the description of the
15th-century work set out in Langley's indenture,
and presumably refers to his work. It suggests that
the four three-light windows of the contract were all
in the south aisle. Butterworth goes on to say, ' from
the fourth to the fifth and from the fifth to the
sixth buttress ... are successive enlargements . . .
other marks of enlargements are visible in the interior,
which is a plain, simple, unadorned specimen of the
early (sic) gothic style consisting of a body and two
side wings or aisles.' The two chapels north and
south of the chancel, and at the east end of the aisles,
were clearly added after the completion of Lang-
ley's nave, which had eastern windows to both of its
aisles, but whether the chancel was of later or earlier
date than 1476 is uncertain. The chapel north of
the chancel was known as the Cudworth chapel, being

93 E. Butterworth, op. cit. 231.

94 The first Act was 6 Geo. IV, cap.
171. The original reservoirs were at
Strinesdale on the Yorkshire border ; but
many others have since been formed in
the hills.

95 E. Butterworth, op. cit. 233.

96 Ibid. 231-5. The baths were en-
larged in 1880. In 1894 new baths were
built at Waterhead.

97 A 'sort of market' on Saturday
evenings, with standings in the main
streets, was held before 1790 ; but became
fully established about 1804. The fair
held on 2 May began probably in the
1 8th century ; that in Oct. a little later ;
while that on 8 July began in 1807 ; ibid.
1 60- 1. At present fairs are held on the
Thursdays after 2 Feb., 2 May, and
8 July, and the Wednesday after 1 1 Oc-
tober.

98 The Public Health Act 1848 and
Local Government Acts 1858 and 1861
were adopted in part in 1863 ; LonJ. Gas.
4 Sept.

99 It began in a very humble way in
1839, a few young men, chiefly of the
working classes, starting it to provide a
library, news room, and evening classes.
In 1845 the institution was removed from

Queen Street to Clegg Street, near the
Town Hall. Funds for the present build-
ing in Union Street were raised by an
exhibition in 1854. The Butterworth
Library was presented by James I'latt,
then president ; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868),
i, 462.

180 Ibid. Among smaller institutions of a
similar kind may be named the Glodwick
Mutual Improvement Society's building,
erected in 1857, Werneth Mechanics'
Institute, opened 1867, and the Hollin-
wood Working Men's Club and Institute,
built in 1868. The Horsedge Assembly
Rooms, formerly the Working Man's Hall,
date from 1844. A Botanical Society
was formed about 1775 ; Oldham Notes
and Gleanings^ ii, 46.

The followers of Robert Owen built a
Hall of Science, purchased by the Temper-
ance Society in 1852, and thenceforward
known as the Temperance Hall.

101 Land. Gae. 22 Dec. 1871.

102 For an account of the opening see
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 461. A
great boulder, found near Ashton Road,
is placed in it.

108 Opened in 1857.
104 A tramway from Hollinwood to
Waterhead was opened in 1880, and a

103

steam tramway from Oldham to Rochdale
in 1885.

104 The first theatre was opened in
1807 ; the new theatre in 1810.

lu6 Bodies of volunteers were formed in
1798, and again in 1803, on fears of
French invasions ; E. Butterworth, op. cit.
144, 150.

10? In J. Butterworth's Oldham (ed.
1817), 20-30, is quoted a local couplet :
' Old I am — Old is my name,
The oldest church in Christendom.'

The popular belief was that it should
be called St. Paul's ; E. Butterworth's
Oldham (ed. 1856), 70.

108 20 April 1558, injunction of the
Bishop of Chester to the residents and
inhabitants of Oldham to undertake
(amongst other things) the reparation of
the said chapel.

109 Shaw, Oldham Notes and Gleanings,
ii, 67, 131. A gallery was erected, chiefly
for the singers, in 1703—4 ; Shaw, Oldham^
235. For other notices of the singers at
that time see ibid. 225, 245.

110 In a return for the visitation of the
Bishop of Chester in 1778 the rector of
Prestwich mentions Oldham Chapel as a
* very old edifice.'

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

associated with the Cudworth family of Werneth Hall,
and contained a marble monument to John Cudworth
(d. 1652), with a long Latin inscription in the form
of question and answer.111 The south chapel was
associated with the Radcliffe, Ashton, and Horton
families, and was probably erected by Edmund Ash-
ton of Chadderton in the beginning of the reign of
Henry VIII.11'

The old church was pulled down in 1827, and the
present structure erected between that date and
i83olisin the Gothic style of the period. It con-
sists of a chancel 20 ft. wide by 14 ft. long, with
small north and south vestries, nave of six bays 90 ft.
by 26 ft., with north and south aisles each 17 ft.
wide, and west tower I oft. square inside with walls
5 ft. thick. There are galleries on three sides, ap-
proached by wide stone staircases at the west end of
the aisles north and south of the tower, and none of
the fittings of the old building has been preserved.
It has twice been restored, the last time being in
1897-9, when many improvements were effected in
the interior, including the removal of the old square
pews and the substitution of oak benches, and the
placing of stalls in the first bay of the nave. The
exterior is of stone, now gone black, and is of no
architectural merit.114

In the vestry is an old oak chest with three locks,
without date or inscription, but probably belong-
ing to the end of the 1 6th or beginning of the I7th
century.

An octagonal font, formerly belonging to the
church, is now in the Oldham Museum.115

The churchyard, which is on the north, east, and
south sides, sloping from west to east, is paved with
flat gravestones,116 but is in a neglected condition.117

There is a ring of twelve bells,118 cast by Mears in
1830. They were rehung in 1897. In 1486 Ralph
Langley gave three bells to Oldham Chapel,119 and in
1553 'four great bells' are recorded.1*0 In 1722
the four bells were recast, and two new ones added,"1

but on the erection of the new church it was pro-
vided with an entirely new ring.1"

The plate consists of a chalice of 1663, inscribed
with the initials c. H. and A. H., and with the maker's
mark H N over a bird ; another 1 7th-century chalice ;
a flagon of 1770, inscribed with date and church-
wardens' initials, and bearing the mark of Francis
Crump; a flagon of 1788, inscribed with the date
1790 and initials of churchwardens, maker's mark
TW ; a paten of 1789-90, inscribed with the names
of the minister (Rev. Thos. Fawcett) and church-
wardens, 1 790 ; two chalices of 1873, and two chalices
and two patens of 1877.

The registers begin in 1558, and are contained in
eighty-one volumes. The earlier ones have been trans-
cribed by Mr. Giles Shaw.1'3

The parochial chapel of St. Mary is
4DVOWSON of unknown antiquity."4 In 1406,
on the complaint of the parishioners
of Prestwich, the Archdeacon of Chester ordered the
inhabitants of the chapelry of Oldham to contribute
towards the blessed bread at Prestwich, as also bread,
wine, and altar lights, the chapel at Oldham being
' notoriously dependent ' upon the parish church."*
Thomas Wild, curate of Oldham, is mentioned in a
deed of 141 1,"6 but though he and other curates
probably retained their charge for life, their names
do not occur in the Lichfield books. In 1447 the
then Archdeacon of Chester addressed the chaplain
celebrating in Oldham Chapel, enforcing his prede-
cessor's decree as to the provision of blessed bread,
&c., on pain of suspension ; the chapelry then, as
now, comprised the townships of Oldham, Crompton,
Royton, and Chadderton."7 It was found necessary
to issue similar orders from time to time ; "8 but in
spite of the desire of the people of Oldham to make
their chapel a parish church, the parish has never been
divided, except for a few years under the Common-
wealth,"9 and though many ecclesiastical parishes have
been created from 1835 onwards, Prestwich still

111 Given by James Butterworth, op.
cit.

112 The Story of the ancient parochial
chapelry of St. Mary's, Oldham, by George
Perry-Gore (vicar), 1906, from which
much in the present account of Oldham
Church is taken.

A complaint as to the Chadderton Chapel
and the encroachment by a parclose in the
time of Henry VIII may be seen in Raines,
Chantries (Chet. Soc.), ii, 274.

118 A plan of the new church, published
by H. G. James, and signed by the archi-
tect, R. Lane, is dated 28 Oct. 1829.

114 (Sir) Charles Barry submitted a
design for a new church, some of the
drawings for which are now in the pos-
session of the vicar. Barry would have
retained the old chancel and end chapels,
which are shown in his drawings, but
acquaintance with his Gothic churches of
that period makes it doubtful whether his
design, with its lofty clearstory, would
now be considered any more successful
than the one adopted.

115 There is a description of the font,
and an account of its history subsequent
to the year 1829, in Trans. Lanes, and
Ches. Antiq. Soc. viii, 158-9.

116 The oldest stone is dated 1672.

117 An effort is being made by the
vicar to have it dedicated as an open space
under the control of the corporation.

118 Oldham is one of three churches in

Lancashire having 1 2 bells ; the others
being Ashton-under-Lyne and St. Nicho-
las', Liverpool.

119 The people seem to have subscribed
^24 for the bells ; they gave the money
to the rector, who undertook to buy the
bells and place them ready for ringing.
Should the cost be greater he was to de-
fray it, and if less, to return the sur-
plus.

lao The king seized three ; his collector
could not obtain possession, and for a time
at least they remained safely in the church
tower ; Ducatut Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii,
163.

Three bells were 'new cast' for the
steeple in 1617 for ^60 by William Old-
field of Nottingham ; Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. 319, m. 1 6 d.

121 One of them is now in use at
St. Peter's, and another at St. James',
Oldham.

122 Perry-Gore, op. cit.

128 The earlier volumes (to 1661), in
which are many gaps, have been printed
in Oldham Notes and Gleanings, where also
may be seen extracts from the church-
wardens' accounts, beginning 1734; the
church ley, 1682, the constables' accounts,
1697 ; and the surveyors' accounts,
1765.

124 Its existence seems implied in the
record of the baptism of John de Cudworth
in 1379.

IO4

125 The decree, preserved at Prestwich,
is printed by Booker, Prestwich, 252.

126 Chadderton deed in Raines, Langley
Autobiog. (Chet. Soc. Misc. vi), p. viii.

ia? Booker, op. cit. 254.

128 In 1488 and 1558 ; ibid. 257. By
the last decree Bishop Scott ordered the
inhabitants of Oldham to contribute their
share to the lights about the sacrament
and the sepulchre yearly, and the candles
on the Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday
in Holy Week used in ' the service, as it
is called, in tenebris ; ' also the wax can-
dles at the Purification ; they were also
to contribute to the nave and belfry of the
parish church, and the maintenance of the
cemetery there.

Edmund Ashton of Chadderton in 1517
gave to trustees a messuage and close at
Oldham — Pighill, near Horsedge Moor —
out of which 41. 4</. was to.be paid yearly to
the clerk of Prestwich in lieu of the ' holy
bread silver' due from the people of Old-
ham ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 4, no. 5 1 .

129 There does not appear to have been
any statute passed to effect the separation,
but in the documents of the time Oldham
is uniformly treated as a separate parish
and rectory ; Plund. Mins. Accts. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 39 ; ii, 239.

A petition to Parliament in 1664 for
the erection of Oldham into a parish,
complaining of the ' mendicant preachers '
supplied by the rectors of Prestwich in

OLDHAM CHURCH IN 1824.

(From a Draiuing on Stone by C. Cal-vert)

OLDHAM : WERNETH OLD HALL

SALFORD HUNDRED

includes Oldham, and the rector receives the commu-
tation for the tithes of the chapelry. Even in official
documents, however, Oldham has from time to time
been styled a parish.

There was no endowment, and the chapel is there-
fore not mentioned in the Valor Ecclesiasticus of
I534.130 The list of ornaments in 1552 shows that it
was well supplied at that time, there being at least three
altars.131 Under the Commonwealth, Edmund Ashton,
farmer of the tithes, as the price of his peace with
the Parliamentary authorities, agreed to give £140 to
the chapels of Oldham and Shaw, of which j£ioo
went to the former.132 On the lapse of this arrange-
ment at the Restoration, the curate again became
dependent on whatever stipend the rector of Prestwich
might assign him.133 In the i8th century grants were
made by the governors of Queen Anne's Bounty, the
lands therewith purchased yielding a rent of £22 in
I778.13* At this time, in addition to the ancient
Shaw chapel, three new churches had been built in
the neighbourhood, at Oldham, Hollinwood, and
Roy ton.

The chapel became the head of an ecclesiastical
district in i835.13i The rector of Prestwich presents
the incumbent, and the income is now £$ 30 a year.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

The following have been the parochial chaplains
and vicars : —

oc. 1379 John de Blackburne 136

oc. 1411 Thomas Wild

oc. 1517 N. Cowper137

oc. 1540 Thomas Sherock m

oc. 1563 Roger Wrigley 139

oc. 1585 Richard Bateson 14°

oc. 1589 Thomas Hunt m

1619 Isaac Allen, M.A.142 (Queen's and

Oriel Colleges, Oxford)
oc. 1619 — Hall143
oc. 1 64 1 William Langley 144

1 646 Humphrey Barnett 145

1647 John Worthington,146 B.A. (St. Catha-

rine's Hall, Cambridge)

1 647 Robert Constantine 147

1650 John Lake, B.A. (St. John's College,
Cambridge) 148

1654 Robert Constantine H9

1662 — Loben150
oc. 1664 John Walworth 151

1669 Isaac Harpur,152 B.A. (St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge)

return for the tithes, is printed in Shaw,
Oldham, 163.

In 1704 the rector, at the request of
the inhabitants, agreed to the separation
of Oldham, but the necessary Act of Par-
liament was not procured ; Raines papers
in Chet. Lib.

iso There were no endowed chantries.

In 1458 the 'tithes, oblations, and
emoluments belonging to the chapel of
Oldham ' were leased by the rector of
Prestwich to Lawrence Ashton, priest,
for 43 marks. The rector was to find a
parish priest for the chapel ; Raines D.
(Chet. Lib.) 3/41.

181 Ch. Gds. 1552 (Chet. Soc.), 43.

182 Plund. Mint. Accts. i, 3 9 ; Commontv.
Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 22.

133 Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, in, 112 ; 'the chapelry is very large,'
he notices, and 'the congregation very
numerous." There was an endowment of
2oj. per annum for the Haward Charity
sermon. There were four churchwardens,
one chosen by the rector, the others by
the parish.

184 Booker, Prestwich, 85. An account
of the income in 1808 was given by
Thomas Fawcett, then chaplain ; he had
£30 from the rector, about £40 from the
lands, and about £20 from surplice fees ;
Oldham Notet and Gleanings, iii, 93.

135 Land. Gaz. 5 May 1835.

186 Towneley MS. DD, no. 1500.

18' Langley Autobiog. p. viii. He occurs
again in 1529.

188 fje was a lessee of Edmund Ashton
of Chadderton in 1540; Raines D. (Chet.
Lib.), bdle. 4, no. 59.

As paid by the rector of Prestwich he
appears in the Clergy List of 1 541-2 (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 12. He is named
again in the Visitation Lists of 1548 and
I554-.

139 Probably the Roger Wrigley who
was curate of Prestwich in 1541-2. He
occurs at Oldham in the Visitation Lists
of 1563, 1565, and 1567. He was still
curate in 1575 ; H. Pennant's Acct. Bk.

140 Shaw, Oldham, 32. In the list of
curates, where no other reference is given,
this book should be consulted under the
date named.

141 A Lancashire Thomas Hunt gradu-
ated B.A. at Oxford (Brasenose College)
in 1586; Foster, Alumni; but the Old-
ham curate is stated to have been ap-
pointed in 1580. He preached before
the Earl of Derby in 1589. Next year
he was summoned before the Bishop of
Chester to give evidence of conformity,
and Edmund Hopwood wrote to the arch-
bishop desiring that there should be no
interference with him as a 'discreet,
peaceable, and honest man.' In 1604 he
was again summoned before the bishop, as
one of the ringleaders of nonconformity ;
in the next year is a note in the register
of baptisms that three children were
' christened with the cross by Mr. Masson,'
as if this were an exceptional ceremony.
Shortly afterwards Thomas Hunt became
master of the newly-founded grammar
school, so that he had the confidence of
the people. He retained his curacy, and
at a visitation in 1608 it was stated that
he did not wear the surplice, omitted the
cross in baptism, and at a burial did not
meet the corpse at the church stile. He
died in 1611. Perhaps Thomas Jackson,
master of the grammar school, also suc-
ceeded to the curacy ; Shaw ; see also
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 1 1, 1 6.

Thomas Hunt, preacher of the Word
of God at Oldham, in 1609 received
£12 IOJ. from James Ashton of Chadder-
ton as a half year's rent for ' all the white
tithes in the parish of Oldham ; ' Raines
Papers, Chet. Lib.

143 Afterwards rector of Prestwich. In
1622 he was called 'lecturer,' while a
Mr. Dickonson was ' curate at Chadder-
ton ; ' Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i,67.

148 Named in the Visitation List. He
did not wear the surplice, and was sus-
pected of incontinency.

144 Shaw, op. cit. 88, 90 ; he resided at
Chadderton. The Protestation was signed
by 553 people.

145 He was a member of the Manchester
Classis in 1646 ; Mane A. Classis (Chet.
Soc.), i, 6.

146 He was ordained and appointed in
1647 ; ibid, i, 35, 38 ; afterwards at
Tockholes.

105

147 He had officiated at Fairfield and
Buxton in Derbyshire ; was ' presented
by the people at Oldham for allowance to
be their minister' in Nov. 1647, and
approved by the classis ; ibid, i, 59, 64.
He signed the 'Harmonious Consent' in
1648, but refused the Engagement, and
was suspended ; in 1654 he was restored,
and continued at Oldham until 1662,
when he was ejected for nonconformity.
He then ministered privately during the
twenty years' proscription, and was the
founder of the Independent chapel at
Greenacres. He died at Manchester in
1699 ; ibid, iii, 424, 425.

148 Afterwards rector of Prestwich, and
Bishop of Chichester. During his tenure
of the curacy at Oldham he resisted the
Classis as much as possible ; ibid, iii,

375-95-

149 Reinstated by an order of the Com-
mittee of Plundered Ministers 15 Oct.
1654 ; Plund. Mint. Accts. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 54.

After the Restoration he was summoned
to answer the Bishop of Chester's official
on charges that he was ' not a lawful
ordained minister,' and had refused to read
the Book of Common Prayer, &c. ; the
churchwardens supported him, and had
refused to 'set up the old font in the
place where it anciently stood according
to the ancient custom of the Church,'
suffering it ' to lie indecently in the belfry
in scorn and derision.' Alexander Potter
of Foxdenton had endeavoured to procure
the resumption of the Prayer-book ser-
vices ; Chest. Consistory Ct, Rec. 1661.

iso Mentioned by Calamy as a confor-
mist at Oldham.

151 The name is also spelt Walwork.

152 Admissions to St. John's College, i,
145 ; his tutor was Mr. Kenyon, after-
wards rector of Prestwich. He was or-
dained in 1664 and 1665. The date of
his appointment to the curacy is from
Stratford's Visitation List, 1691 ; but
from Harpur's list of preachers at Oldham,
printed in Pal. Note Bk. iv, 54-6, it is
clear that he was in charge from early in
1665, for on 5 Apr. of that year he
states that ' Mr. John Walworke, my pre-
decessor,' preached.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

1696 Richard Sugden, M.A. (Clare College,

Cambridge)
1712 John Halliwell,153 M.A. (Brasenose

College, Oxford)
1730 James Sugden,15' B.A. (St. Catharine's

Hall, Cambridge)
1732 Samuel Towson ls5
1773 Thomas Fawcett 1S6
1818 John Fallowfi eld
1842 Thomas Lowe
1861 David Mitchell Alexander,157 M.A.

(Brasenose College, Oxford)
1864 William Walters,153 M.A. (Christ

Church, Oxford)
1873 William Francis Wilberforce,159 M.A.

(University College, Oxford)
1876 Alfred Julius James Cachemaille,160

M.A. (Gonville and Caius College,

Cambridge)
1892 George Perry-Gore 161

In 1548 four priests at Oldham were summoned to
the bishop's visitation ; one of them, Lawrence Hall,
was attached to the chapel at Shaw in Crompton.
In 1563 onwards only one appeared.1" The curate
at the end of the century (T. Hunt) was a strong
Puritan, who refused to wear the surplice and to
comply in other respects with the statutory require-
ments. His successor was in 1625 presented to the
Bishop of Chester for not wearing the surplice ; he
said he would do so as soon as the churchwardens
should provide one.163 During the Commonwealth 1M
the Presbyterian incumbent appears to have been
popular; he was ejected in 1662. From this time
there is little to record.165 In 1778 the church was
'regularly served every Sunday and two sermons
preached, and prayers read on Wednesdays and
Fridays throughout the year ; and the Sacrament of

the Lord's Supper administered the second Sunday in
every month . . . and the younger part of the con-
gregation catechised every Wednesday and Friday
between Easter and Whitsuntide.' 166 The provision
made in the two other Oldham churches was not so
liberal.167

The growth of the town in modern times has led
to a great increase in the number of places of wor-
ship. In connexion with the Established Church the
two buildings just named, St. Peter's in Chapel
Street168 and St. Margaret's, Hollinwood,169 were
erected in 1765—8 and 1766—9 respectively; the
rector of Prestwich is patron. The former, after
being enlarged, was rebuilt in 1901 and the latter in
1879. St. James's, Greenacres Moor, followed in
1829;"° Christ Church, Glodwick, in i844;171
St. John's, on the border of Chadderton, in the same
year ; 17f Holy Trinity, Waterhead, in 1 847 ; 17i
Holy Trinity, Coldhurst,174 was consecrated in the
next year ; St. Thomas's, Leesfield, consecrated also
in 1 848 ; 175 St. Thomas's, Werneth,176 which has a
mission-room called St. Michael's, was built in 1855 :
St. Thomas's, Moorside,177 in 1872 ; St. Stephen and
All Martyrs', Lower Moor, in 1873 ; 178 St. Andrew's,
Werneth, in the same year ; 179 St. Mark's, Glod-
wick,180 in 1876; St. Paul's, Ashton Road, in
1880 ;181 and All Saints', Northmoor, in 1891.
The patronage of these is in various hands ; the
Crown and the Bishop of Manchester present alter-
nately to Coldhurst, Leesfield^ Waterhead, Chadderton
St. John, Werneth St. Thomas, and Glodwick Christ
Church ; the bishop alone to St. Paul's ; the rector
of Prestwich to St. James's ; five trustees to Werneth
St. Andrew, St. Stephen's, St. Mark's, and North-
moor ; Thomas Mellodew and John Lees to Moor-
side St. Thomas. Another church — St. Matthew's,
Roundthorn — is a chapel-of-ease to St. Thomas's,
Lees.

158 Previously at Milnrow and Shaw.
He was of the Halliwells of Pike House ;
Fishwick, Rochdale, 441. His will is given
in Shaw, Oldham, 300. He was buried
21 July 1730 at Oldham.

lo4 The church papers at Chest. Dioc.
Reg. begin at this time.

144 ' He was one of those clergymen
who distinguished themselves in the last
[i8th] century by the diminished interest
they manifested in the political affairs of
their localities. Not deficient in intel-
lectual acquirements, he was tolerant in
his views and refined and pacific in his
conduct. He exerted himself, in conjunc-
tion with the wealthy of the parish, in
doing all the good he could to the deserv-
ing poor in an unobtrusive way. For
want of practising the art of speaking
"with the proper ornaments of voice and
gesture," many of his hearers were at-
tracted to dissenting congregations, " for
no other reason in the world but because
the sermons were spoken extempore ; " '
E. Butterworth'i Oldham (ed. 1856),
78.

158 He had been curate of St. Peter's,
Oldham.

"7 Incumbent of Hanover Chapel, 1864
to 1870.

us Vicar of Pershore, 1873 to 1894 ;
Archdeacon of Worcester, 1889 ; rector
of Alvechurch, 1894.

159 Previously vicar of Royston, Yorks.
1862 to 1873 5 afterwards vicar of St.
John, Micklegate, York, 1876 to 1882 ;

of Fulford, York, 1882 to 1889; and of
Brodsworth, 1889.

160 Rector of Cheriton, Hants, 1892 to
1894 ; vicar of All Saints', Forest Gate,
1894.

lei Previously vicar of St. Matthias',
Sneinton, 1890 to 1892.

163 Visitation Lists at Chester.
168 Ibid.

164 A ' monthly exercise ' was arranged
for Oldham in 1653, an arrangement
modified two years later ; Shaw, op. cit.
145, 148.

165 Presentments for ecclesiastical of-
fences made in 1684 are printed ibid. 191.
Two men were charged ' for sitting in the
church, with their hats on, in sermon
time.'

166 Booker, Prest-wich, 85.

16' At St. Peter's, where the curate's
salary was wholly derived from seat-rents,
there were two Sunday services with ser-
mon, and the Lord's Supper was adminis-
tered once a quarter. At St. Margaret's,
which had received a grant from Queen
Anne's Bounty, only the Sunday services
are mentioned ; ibid. 85, 86.

168 Consecrated 2 June 1768, see Old-
ham Notes and Gleanings, i, 85. It became
head of a district chapelry in 1835 ; Lond.
Gaz. 5 May.

It was erected by voluntary contribu-
tions, and enlarged in 1804. About 1817
the congregation subscribed for a Thursday
evening sermon in the summer months ;
Butterworth, Oldham, 38.

106

169 Consecrated 8 July 1769. It became
a district chapel at the same time as the last.

17° Consecrated 19 Sept. 1829. There is
a full account of the church in Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, ii, 97, &c. ; the Million
Fund of 1818 made grants towards the
building. It also became a district chapel
in 1835. A chancel has been added.

V1 Consecrated 20 Nov. 1 844 ; for the
district see Lond. Gaz. 22 Oct. 1844.

172 Consecrated 27 Nov. 1845. A dis-
trict was assigned to it at the same time
as to the last.

W Consecrated 5 July 1847. Services
had been begun in 1845 in two rooms in
the Grove, off Sidebottom Street ; see the
full history of the church in Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, 5, 195, 210, &c. A district
vras assigned in 1 844 ; Lond. Gaz. 3 Dec.

V* Consecrated 12 Feb. 1848. The
district was formed in 1 844 ; Lond. Gaz.

22 Oct.

175 For district, ibid. 14 July 1846.

l'6 Consecrated 21 Nov. 1855. The
district had been assigned at the same
time as Coldhurst.

*77 Consecrated 20 Apr. 1872. For
district see Lond. Gaz. 29 Nov. 1870.

V* Consecrated 9 May 1873. For dis-
trict see Lond. Gaz. 8 Aug. 1873.

179 Consecrated 14 May 1873. For dis-
trict see Lond. Gaz. 16 Dec. 1873.

180 Consecrated 14 June 1876. For
district see Lond. Gaz. 30 May 1876.

181 Consecrated 26 May 1880. For
district see Lond. Gaz. 3 Aug. 1880.

SALFORD HUNDRED

The Free Church of England has a place of worship
in Hollinwood.

The Wesleyan Methodists' first chapel was built in
1775 ; the church in Manchester Street was opened
by John Wesley in 1790, and enlarged in iSjo.182
There are also chapels at Greenacres Road (Wesley),
Glodwick, Watersheddings, Moorside, and Northmoor.
There are two circuits.

The Primitive Methodists have four circuits in the
Oldham district, with nine chapels in the township.
The Methodist New Connexion has six chapels ; the
Methodist Free Church four, and the Independent
Methodists five.153

The Baptists have four churches, and the Particular
Baptists four.184

Robert Constantine, on being ejected from the
curacy of Oldham in 1662, continued to minister in
the village and neighbourhood. Before 1695 he was
living in a house at Greenacres, which also did duty
as a place of worship ; he removed to Manchester,
and for a time nothing is known of his congregation,
but a barn converted into a chapel was used from 1 699
till 1784—5, when the Independents erected the chapel
which served till 1854, the date of the present building.184
Union Street represents an effort made in 1 807 ; the
first chapel was opened in 1823, and after a fluctuating
history the congregation built the present one in 1855.
Hope Chapel was built by Samuel Lees, of the Soho
Iron Works, in 1823 ; it was replaced by the present
one in 1866. Providence Chapel is the result of a
secession from Hope in 1829. Townfield Chapel
began as an undenominational meeting-place in 1850,
then it was Methodist, and from 1874 Congrega-

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

tional. A secession from it in 1883 led to the
erection of Derker School-chapel in 1886. The
history of Werneth Chapel begins in 1868, but the
school-chapel was not built till 1874. A cottage
meeting in 1878 led to the school-chapel in Ashton
Road in 1880. At Hollinwood, then 'a much
neglected village,' work began in 1850, but the chapel
was not built till 1866. At Water head services
commenced in cottages in 1837 ; other buildings
succeeded, and a chapel was built in 1870. The
chapel at Pastures was built in i856.186

The Presbyterian Church of England was founded
in 1883, the building being opened four years later.187
Salem Moravian Church, Clarksfield, was built in
1 824, becoming an independent congregation in 1836;
on the other side of the town Westwood Church was
opened in 1869, after some years' preparatory work.188
There are Catholic Apostolic (or Irvingite), Welsh
Calvinistic, Salvation Army, and Church of Christ
chapels, and some mission rooms. The Society of
Friends has long had a meeting-house here.189 The
Unitarians have a chapel.190 The Latter Day Saints
(Mormons) also have services.191

There are four Roman Catholic churches : St.
Mary's, built in 1 838 ; 19J Our Lady of Mount Carmel
and St. Patrick's, 1862—70; St. Anne's, Greenacres,
1880-1903 ; and Corpus Christi, Hollinwood, 1878.

The Grammar School was founded in 1606 ; the
building was erected in 1 6 1 1 .

The report of 1826 is the latest
CHARITIES official record.195 The principal en-
dowments at that time were educa-
tional,194 but some were for the poor of Oldham,195

182 Butterworth, Oldham (1817), 40;
an extract is given from the Life of John
Murlin, a preacher ; the Methodists came
to Oldham, 'a place famous through all
that country for daring and desperate
wickedness,' and experienced 'heavy per-
secution for a season.'

183 The Independent Methodists had a
chapel in 1817 at a place formerly called
Jackson's Pit ; Butterworth, op. cit. 45.
In 1824 the chapels were — Independent
Methodists in George Street, and Primi-
tive Methodists in Grosvenor Street.

184 The first Baptist Chapel, at the top
of Manchester Street, was purchased in
1 8 1 6 from the Methodist New Connexion,
who built it in 1805; the opening services
included the baptism of fourteen persons
in the reservoir at Hollinwood ; Butter-
worth, op. cit. 43.

The chapels in Chamber Road, at Glod-
wick and at Hollinwood (Beulah), date
from 1863, 1876, and 1891, respectively;
Baft. Tear Bk. In 1856 the Particular
Baptists had three chapels, two in Hollin-
wood, and one in Horsedge Street.

185 A History of the chapel, by its minis-
ter, the Rev. George Gaunt Waddington,
was published in 1854; it gives views of
the houses and chapels successively used,
and an account of the various ministers.
One or two of them had adopted the Uni-
tarian doctrine prevalent among the Non-
conformists in the latter part of the 1 8th
century, but stayed only a short time, and
Calvinism was the rule ; see the account
in Nightingale's Lanes. Nonconf. v, Z3O-45.

The chapel at Greenacres was one of
those wrecked by the ' Church and King '
mob from Manchester in 1715 ; see works
above quoted ; and for the names and
fines of some of the delinquents (1716),
Raines Papers in Chet. Lib.

186 Nightingale, op. cit. v, 245-64,
268-74.

lf»7 Official Handbook of the Presb. Ch.
of Engl.

188 The United Brethren began preach-
ing at Greenacres in 1772, and continued
at Lees. Salem Chapel was built at the
expense of John Lees of Fairfield, James
Lees of Clarksfield, and Joseph Lees of
Plymouth Grove, the owner of the estate
undertaking to discharge all taxes, &c. ;
from Short Sketches of Moravian Work
(1888), 26-31.

189 Heyside in Royton had been the
meeting-place since 1665. In 1784 a
meeting-house was opened in Oldham ; in
1802 the present site was acquired, and
the house was built in 1869.

190 ' A small but comparatively hand-
some structure ' in Lord Street, erected in
1816 ; Butterworth, op. cit. 44.

191 These existed in 1856. In that year
there was also a New Jerusalem or Swe-
denborgian Church in Lees Road.

192 It was attacked by an anti-Catholic
mob in 1861, when much damage was
done ; Kelly, Engl. Cat A. Miss. 304.

198 Char. Com. Rep. xvi, 1826, pp.
222-34. Oldham is called a parish, and
treated separately from Prestwich.

194 Oldham Grammar School, 1606 ;
Hollinwood School, 1786, to which also
John Walker's Charity of 1755 was ap-
plied ; and the Bluecoat School, founded
by Thomas Henshaw in 1807. Samuel
Scholes in 1747 gave rent-charges of £12
on lands in Glodwick, and ,£4 on mes-
suages in Oldham for the education of
poor children; and in 1826 there were
thirty-nine being taught out of the pro-
ceeds at different schools.

195 The Great Meadow, near Fogg Lane,
was in 1640 granted by Edmund Tetlow

I07

the elder, and Edmund Tetlow the younger,
charged with rents of 28*. %d. and 31. 4^.
for the poor of Oldham and Royton re-
spectively. Though these sums are named
it seems to have been the practice from
the first to give the whole rent of the
field to the poor, and this was established
by the later trusts. In 1804, on the divi-
sion of the common lands, a small allot-
ment was made in respect of the Poor's
Field. In 1826 the gross rents were
£20 21., distributed with the following.

John Tetlow in 1704 left land in
Honeywell Lane, near Broadway Lane in
Oldham, for the benefit of the poor ; one
boy was to be apprenticed each year. An
allotment on North Moor was added in
1804; and the gross rents in 1826
amounted to £33 a year. This and the
preceding charity money were distributed
in blankets, linen, and calico. No ap-
prenticeships had been made for many
years.

Samuel Haward in 1704 gave rent-
charges on his lands in Salford, Thorpe in
Royton, Hollinwood in Oldham, Fails-
worth, and Gorton for the poor of Salford
and Oldham, 'who should constantly on
the Lord's Day go to church or some
legal assembly for divine worship, and
there reverently behave themselves, morn-
ing and evening.' The three rent-charges
of ,£25 in all were duly paid in 1826, and
the money distributed according to the
founder's intent, in Bibles, Catechisms,
and clothing ; the minister had 201. for a
sermon on the first Wednesday after
Michaelmas Day.

Timothy Eyre of Hollinwood in 1728
left ,£100 for the poor. In 1826 the
capital was in the hands of the incumbent
of Oldham, who distributed ^"4 ICM. as
interest in linen cloth.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Crompton,1*8 and Royton.197 Chadderton had no
special fund.

CROMPTON

Cromton, 1278 ; Crompton, 1292.*

The township of Crompton has an extreme length
of about 3 miles from east to west, with a breadth of
a mile and a half. The River Beal runs northward
through a central valley ; to the east the ground,
broken by one or two cloughs, rises continually till
1,300 ft. is attained on Crompton Moor on the border
of Yorkshire ; while on the west the highest points
near High Crompton and Whitfield, which are
separated by a valley, rise to 700 and 825 ft ; from
them the surface slopes away in all directions, but
most rapidly to the north. The Irk rises on the
boundary between Crompton and Royton. The
area is 2,864^ acres ;* the population in 1901 was

Two roads from Oldham meet near the southern
boundary at Shaw Side and Cowlishaw, and go north
along the Beal Valley, passing through the small town
of Shaw and Woodend. From Shaw the road to
Rochdale goes west to High Crompton, thence de-
scending north-west by Burnedge to Rochdale ; to
the east a winding road goes through Clough into
Yorkshire. Crompton Fold lies above Woodend to
the east ; and Whitfield Hall above the same hamlet
to the north-west. The Lancashire and Yorkshire
Company's Oldham and Rochdale branch railway line
runs northward along the valley, crossing and re-
crossing the road, and has a station at Shaw, called
Shaw and Crompton. Electric tramways connect
the place with Oldham. To the south-east of Shaw
is Birshaw, anciently a separate manor.

The soil is clay, with veins of sand ; the land is
mostly in pasture. There are numerous cotton mills,
and some collieries,8 with quarries, and some minor
industries.

A local board was formed in 1863,* and was in
1 894. replaced by an urban district council of twelve
members, chosen by four wards — North, East, South
and West. The town hall, situated in Shaw High
Street, was built in 1894. There are public baths.
Gas and water are supplied to Shaw by the Corpora-
tion of Oldham. There is a cemetery between
Shaw and High Crompton, formed in 1891.

Wakes at Shaw were held on the first Saturday
after Old Lammas Day.

In 1666 no house had as many as six hearths liable
to the tax, the largest being James Buckley's, with five.
The total number of hearths was seventy-nine.5

Philip Gilbert Hamerton, painter, art critic, and
essayist,6 was born at Shaw in 1834 ; he died at
Boulogne-sur-Seine in 1894.

Like Oldham, from which probably it
MANORS was only gradually separated, CROMP-
TON formed part of the thegnage estate
of Kaskenmoor held of the king by Roger de Mont-
begon and William de Nevill in 1212, and under
them by a number of tenants. Gilbert de Notion, lord
of Barton, held 4 oxgangs of land of Roger and 4 of
William, the annual services being 3-f. and p. \d. re-
spectively ; while Henry de Scholefield held I ox-
gang by a rent of lad.7

No proper account can be given of the descent of
these manors or portions of manors. From the in-
quisitions of the 1 5th and 1 6th centuries it appears
that the Trafford family held WHITFIELD in Cromp-
ton of the king as Duke of Lancaster, as of his manor
of Salford, by fealty and the rent of 3/. 4</.8 Whitfield

196 James Wyld in 1672 left a rent-
charge of £5 on his house and land for
the poor of Crompton. In 1826 this was
distributed by the churchwarden and over-
seer in gifts of linen cloth.

197 Royton in 1826 received 371. 3</. a
year from the rents of the Poor's field in
Oldham. It was distributed every two
years by the overseer ; linen cloth, blankets,
and flannel being given.

1 On the place-names in Crompton see
Oldham Notes and Gleanings, i, 156.

2 2,865, including 12 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901.

8 In the Chetham rental of 1524
(Clowes D.) i6J. appears as paid by
Richard Wild ' for getting coals in Len-
nardine.'

4 Land. Gax. 23 Oct. 1863.

5 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

6 Diet. Nat. Biog.

7 Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 63,64. It appears that Gilbert de
Notion's share descended to his son Roger,
and after the latter's death in 1241 to
Gilbert de Barton, son of William son of
the former Gilbert 5 ibid. 61.

In 1246 Gilbert de Barton, Brun de
Crompton, and Jordan his brother, Simon
de Lee and Hugh his son, and Adam son
of Ellis complained that the Abbot of Roche
and others had disseised them of a certain
mine in Crompton. The jury found that
the defendants had dug in the mine and had
excluded the plaintiffs from their right to
enter it. It was probably a quarry on the
border of Yorkshire, to which county the
defendants belonged ; Assize R. 404, m. i.

Gilbert de Barton probably sold the

manor to Geoffrey de Chetham, which
would explain tke descent of one moiety
(Whitfield) in the Traffords of Stretford,
and of the other moiety in the Chadder-
tons. It is possible, however, that Whit-
field was a distinct grant to the Traffords,
made after 1212, and that the Chadderton
and Chetham moieties of High Crompton
and Beal Moor represent Gilbert de Net-
ton's estate. Geoffrey de Chadderton of
Chadderton in 1278 laid claim to a moiety
of the manor of Crompton, and had it
settled on him ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 154. This moiety
again was alienated, and the inheritance of
the Chaddertons of Lees and the Chethams
appears to represent it.

At one time the Pilkingtons, also heirs
of Geoffrey de Chetham, had a share in
the manor — called one-seventh in 1319
(Final Cone, ii, 35) — and the grant of free
warren made to Roger de Pilkington in
1291, included his estate in Crompton ;
Chart. R. 19 Edw. I, pt. i, m. 41. The
later Pilkington inquisitions do not men-
tion Crompton ; the estate was, in part at
least, alienated to the Chaddertons.

This descent is put forward only as a
conjecture. The rents subsequently paid
by the tenants of Crompton show an
increase on that paid by Gilbert de Notion,
unless Whitfield was an independent estate.

The renls payable to the Crown in
1324 in righl of ihe Earl of Lancas-
ler were thus staled : Henry de Traf-
ford for 2 oxgangs in Whitfield, 3$. $.d. ;
John de Chetham, i oxgang in Cromplon,
3*. id. ; Roger de Chadderton, the moiety
of Beal Moor, 3*. id. ; William son of

108

Peter, a certain assarl in Crompton, zs. (?) ;
Adam de Tetlow, i oxgang in Birshaw,
lod. ; Duchy of Lane. Rentals and Surv.
379, m. 13. Aboul 1565 ihey were — For
Whilfield farm, 3*. 4</. ; Low Crompton
farm, zs. id. ; Edmund Chadderton for
High Crompton, 3*. 4^. ; James Ashton
for Birshaw, \\d. ; Baines, Lanes, (ed.
1868), i, 447. The renl of 31. payable
by Chetham of Nuthurst is omitled.

8 From a suil in 1292 it appears that
Henry son of Henry de Trafford demised
to John de Halliwell a moiety of all his
tenements in Whitfield for sixteen years al
141. 6d. renl ; and ihe olher moiety to
Robert de Halliwell for ten years at the
same rent. Afterwards Henry granted the
whole to Richard his brother for life, which
led to the ejeclion of John and Robert.
It was ordered thai ihe granl lo Richard
should stand good, and lhal ihe plainliffs
should do feally to him ; Assize R. 408,
m. 39, 93.

In 1324 Henry de Trafford held 2
oxgangs in Whitfield by a service of 31. ^d.
for all ; see last nole. This slatement is
varied in 1346 by ihe subslitulion of 'four
plough-lands ' for ' Iwo oxgangs ' ; a
double renl was payable as relief; Add.
MS. 32103, fol. 146.

Margery, ihe widow of Sir Ralph Rad-
cliffe, died in 1417 holding four plough-
lands in Whitfield as her dower, by assign-
ment of Henry son of Henry Trafford,
who held of ihe king as Duke of Lan-
casler in socage by a service of 31. $.d. ;
ihe clear value was zos. ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 127.

In 1556-7 Sir Edmund Trafford granted

SALFORD HUNDRED

Hall was in 1787 in the possession of John Milne
and brothers.8* The Chaddertons of Lees in Oldham
held High Crompton of the king as duke by knight's
service and the rent of 3/. zd? The Chethams of
Nuthurst also had an estate in Crompton of similar

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

tenure, the rent being 3/.10 The Langleys of Agecroft
also had an estate, including Birchhaw or BIRSH4W,
in Crompton and Oldham,11 of which the tenure is
variously stated, though it is identified with the un-
named estate of Henry de Scholefield lla in 1212.

to John Chetham, of Nuthurst, all his part
of Deal water in Crompton, with lease to
make a dam, for I zd. rent ; John was
making a water-mill ; Clowes D. Ed-
mund Traffbrd, who died at the end of
1563, held messuages, &c., in Whitfield in
socage, as of the queen's manor of Salford,
by a rent of 31. 4*?. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xi, n. In the following year John
Chetham purchased four messuages, &c.,
in Whitfield from Edmund Traffbrd and
Elizabeth his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle, 26, m. 87. This seems to mark the
end of the Traffbrd tenure in Crompton.

Edward Milnes of Whitfield was a free-
holder in 1600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 250.

83 Land Tax Returns.

9 In 1301 and 1302 there was a dispute
between Richard de Traffbrd, rector of
Cheadle, and Geoffrey de Chadderton (and
others), respecting lands in Crompton ;
Assize R. 1321, m. 9 ; 418, m. 12 d.

Crompton seems to have been given to
younger branches of the Chadderton family,
and other lands were acquired by them. In
1307 Roger de Pilkington granted all his
lands in Crompton to Adam son of Geoffrey
de Chadderton, together with the homage
of Adam son of John de Birshaw and his
service of zs. a year, reserving the homage
of John de Furness and a piece of land
bounded partly by the Wrobrooks and the
Wallsyke. This grant was by way of ex-
change for lands in Cheetham held by Adam,
who is called also Adam de Crompton.
The mill is mentioned ; Clowes D. no.
96, 97. Alice, the widow of Alexander de
Pilkington, confirmed the grant made by
her son Roger, of lands in Crompton by
the Beal ; ibid. Cecily widow of Adam
de Chadderton, in 1324 released her lands
on the west side of the Beal, and Richard
de Oldham granted them to John her son ;
ibid. The moiety of Beal Moor was then
held by Roger de Chadderton at 31. zd.
rent ; see preceding note.

The receiver for the forfeited Holland
estates about the same time rendered ac-
count of 26:. 8i/. as the issues of two-thirds
of a messuage and plough-land, the lands of
Roger, son and heir of John de Chadderton,
who was in ward ; L.T.R. Enr. Accts.
Misc. no. 14, m. 76 d.

In 1346 John de Chetham held i ox-
gang and Agnes, Joan, Alice, and Cecily,
the daughters and heirs of Roger de Chad-
derton, held the twentieth part of a knight's
fee in Crompton and Beal Moor, paying
together a rent of 6s. 8d. ; Add. MS.
32103, fol. 146.

The descent is again uncertain, but the
two families do not appear to have re-
mained on friendly terms. One Thomas
de Chadderton granted lands in High
Crompton to his son Alexander, with re-
mainder to a younger son Thomas. The
elder son died without issue, and the
younger had to fly for felony, being con-
cerned in the death of Thomas de Chetham;
he died in July 1391, and his son and heir
Thomas was then about sixteen years of
age. The lands were held of the Duke of
Lancaster by knight's service and a rent of
3*. id. ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i,
54. The custody of the lands escheated
was granted by the duke to John de Rad-
cliffe of Foxdenton in 1392, and then to

Richard de Chadderton, in whose hands
they remained till 1414, at a total rent of
301. ; ibid. See also Dep. Keeper's Rep.
J\j App. 527, 532.

Probably the lands were restored to the
heir ; for Oliver, son of Thomas de Chad-
derton, was in possession in 1428 ; Clowes
D. no. 105. In 1445 Jorin Chetham and
Roger son of Oliver Chadderton were
holding the twentieth part of a knight's
fee in Crompton and Beal Moor, paying 51.
rent ; John was charged with zs. 6d., but
pleaded that he was in ward, and Roger,
charged with the other half, said that he
held as feoffee ; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, 2/20. The feoffees of Thomas son
of Roger Chadderton were in possession in
1463 ; Clowes D.

George Chadderton of Lees in Oldham
had in 1515 four messuages, &c., in Cromp-
ton, held of the king (as duke) by the
thirty-second part of a knight's fee and a
rent of 31. zd. yearly, which he settled on
hit wife Katherine. On her death in I 543
the tenement went to their grandson
Thomas, then of full age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. vii, 31. A similar return was
made after the death of this Thomas Chad-
derton in 1572 ; ibid, xiii, no. 7. George
the son and heir died in 1606, and the
tenement in Crompton was then found to
be held by the twentieth part of a knight's
fee and 31. Sd. rent ; the clear annual
value was £5 ; Land. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 64. The estate was
sold by Thomas Chadderton to John
Plumpton of Warrington ; Exch. Dep.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 59. In the
time of Charles I a decree between Chad-
derton and Walker had been made touch-
ing lands in Crompton, Whitfield, and Old-
ham ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 248.

10 From the last note it will be seen that
the Chethams at first held jointly with the
Chaddertons. The increase of rent may
have been due to the grant of Beal Moor.

In 1334 John de Chetham held half of
Beal Moor and an oxgang in Crompton,
which had belonged to William de Weston ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents^ ii, 104-5. J°hn
de Chetham in 1342 granted to his son
Adam, with remainders to other sons, all
his lands on the east side of the Beal,
together with the fourth part of the mill of
Crompton, &c., at the same time granting
to his son Robert, with like remainders,
all his lands on the west side of Beal, the
fourth part of the mill, lands in Royton and
Ashworth, and a burgage in Manchester ;
regrants followed ; Clowes D. no. 98-101.
As already stated John de Chetham was
tenant when the extent of 1346 was made.

Later Chetham deeds mention the lands
in Crompton in feoffrnents for different
purposes. Thomas de Chetham, who died
(or was killed) in September 1383, held a
messuage in High Crompton of the Duke
of Lancaster by knight's service and a rent
of 31. ; its clear value was 231. ; Towne-
ley MS. DD, no. 1463. In 1428 an ex-
change of lands in High Crompton was made
between John Chetham and Oliver Chad-
derton ; the bounds mention Crosshillgate,
Bolastree rand, the ' great within ' growing
in John's garden, Hallhillgate, Bealmoor-
hey, Kenyon croft, lands of Sir Edmund
Traffbrd, Robert Langley, Thomas Wild,

and Robert Taylor, the two Gosnorhills,
Hathershaw Moor, Crawlache, Small-
brook, Ringyard ; also in Mosshey ; Clowes
D. no. 105-7. Lands including Gosard
hills, Small brook meadow, and the Mill
croft, were in 1472 leased to Thomas
Chetham by Katherine the widow, and
Thomas, the son and heir of Roger Chad-
derton ; ibid.no. 127. In the same col-
lection arc rentals of the Chetham estates,
including Crompton, beginning in 1520.

The tenure by knight's service and a rent
of 31. is again recorded in the inquisitions
made after the death of Thomas Chetham
and John Chetham, in 1504 and 1515 ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 62 ; iv, no. 6.
In 1614 the estate consisted of twelve
messuages, half a water-mill, 1 20 acres of
land, &c., held by the fourth part of a
knight's fee and the ancient rent of 31. ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 16-18.

The will of Ralph Chetham of Cromp-
ton, dated 1537, is printed in Cbet. Gen.
(Chet. Soc.), 16.

11 In 1324 Adam de Tetlow held an ox-
gang in Birshaw which Richard de Bir-
shaw had formerly held ; the service was
lod. a year ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents,
ii, 104-5. In 1346 Robert de Tet-
low held Birshaw in socage at a rent of
lod. ; Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146.

From the Tetlows it descended to the
Langleys. Roger de Langley, who died in
1393, held by inheritance a parcel of land
4 in Oldham ' called Birshaw, the rent
being lod. as before ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 51. In 1445 Margaret
wife of Roger Langley held it at lod. rent ;
Duchy of Lane. Knights' fees, bdle. 2,
no. 20.

In the inquisition after the death of
Thomas Langley six messuages and tene-
ments in Crompton and Oldham were
stated to be held of the king (as duke) in
socage, by the rent of id. for all services ;
Agecroft D. 80. The 16th-century in-
quisitions join together messuages &c.,
in Crompton, Oldham, Middleton, and
Broughton — or Crompton and Oldham
alone — as held in socage by a rent of
zs. I id. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, 7 ;
xi, 1 6.

On the division of Sir Robert Langley's
estates, the Crompton and Oldham lands
fell to his daughter Dorothy, wife of
James Ashton, of Chadderton ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 24, m. 3 ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, 22 ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
225. Sir Watts Horton had a small estate
in Crompton in 1787.

A dispute about Towe carr and Birshaw
meadow in Crompton occurred in 1564 ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 284.

lla The surname long continued in the
township. Thus in 1426 the escheator
was ordered to give Hugh, next of kin and
heir of Henry Scholefield — i.e. son of
John brother of Henry — livery of four
messuages, 80 acres of land, &c., in Cromp-
ton, and two messuages, &c., in Oldham,
which had been taken into the king's
hands in consequence of the felony of
Thomas de Chadderton, who had formerly
owned them ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii,
App. 27 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
i, 56.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The Hospitallers 1J and the Abbeys of Whalley »
and Cockersand14 had small estates in the township, at
Whitfield, Gartside, and Crompton Park respectively.
The Byron estate in Crompton seems to have been

regarded as part of Royton.14 There was thus no
resident lord of the manor, and little is known of the
other holders of land, but the names of Buckley,16
Crompton,17 Prestwich,18 Scholefield,19 and Wild20

12 The Prior of the Hospitallers in 1243
called upon Gilbert de Barton to warrant to
him 80 acres of land in Crompton, and
the same in Barton, held by charter ;
Curia Regis R. 130, m. 2$d. Crompton
is named among the r laces in which the
order had lands in 1292 ; Plac. de Quo
War. (Rec. Com.), 375. Forty years later
the prior claimed due service from John
de Traffbrd for a messuage and 20 acres
in Crompton ; De Banco R. 292, m.
354d.

The Hospitallers' land, which was at
Whitfield, was in 1639 tenanted by James
Buckley, as may be seen in the inquisition
quoted later ; see also Lanes, and Chcs.
Antlq. Soc. viii, 156, 157.

18 Charles, Abbot of Stanlaw, granted
to Adam de Windhill in Blackburnshire
the land in Crompton called Gartside,
lying on the west of Aspiwallesyke, near
the Hospitallers' land, which they had
had from Gilbert de Barton at a rent of
iz</. Adam seems to have sold his right
to Geoffrey de Chetham, who regranted
it to him. Then Adam released his right
to the Abbot of Stanlaw for 14 marks of
silver, and Clarice his widow afterwards
released her claim ; Whalley Coucber
(Chet. Soc.), i, 163-5.

This land was probably among the
other Whalley lands granted to Holt of
Gristlehurst ; in 1580 Thomas Holt and
Constance his wife sold a messuage in
Crompton to Francis Entwisle, Alice his
wife, and John his son ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 42, m. 43.

14 Gilbert de Notion granted part of
his land in Crompton to the canons of
Cockersand, the bounds being the Bathe
(or Bache) brook, the Heal, Hullilache, and
the Black lache. Roger de Notion (his
son and successor) granted a land in
Gholmerscliff called Hesseneslac, to wit,
from Lovenath-denebrook to Heneces-
clough ; together with the Cliff on which
stood the buildings of Geoffrey de Man-
chester ; Cockersand Chartul. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 726-9. It appears from the margin
that Geoffrey son of Luke de Manchester
held both pieces of land in 1268, by in-
heritance, rendering for the former 2s. a
year and J mark at death, and for the
latter 6d.

In 1246 Simon son of Thomas de
Chaydock did not prosecute a claim for
warranty made against Geoffrey son of
Luke de Crompton ; Assize R. 404, m.
13 d. It appears that John son of Thomas
de Chaydock had a grant from William
son of Adam de Crompton of half his
lands in the township ; Clowes D. no.
94.

In 1259 Geoffrey son of Lukede Man-
chester leased for ten years to Sir Geoffrey
de Chetham all the land he held of the
Abbot of Cockersand in Crompton at a
rent of 2s. 6d. ; ibid. no. 95.

Part of this land afterwards came to the
Chethams. Thomas de Chetham in 1383
held lands called Crompton Park of the
abbot in socage by the rent off*/. ; worth
21*. clear ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1463.
Crompton Park is mentioned in 1461 ;
Clowes D. no. 123. It was leased in 1475
to Edmund Brereley for the life of James
\Chetham; ibid. no. 1285 but is not
named in the later inquisitions of the
fani^y.

\

15 It is not separately mentioned in the
inquisitions.

In 1551 the tenants of Crompton had
a dispute with Sir John Byron regarding
common of pasture ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 250. Sir John Byron in 1561
purchased lands in Castleton and Cromp-
ton from Robert and James Stott ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 23, m. 6.

16 The Buckleys occur from the be-
ginning of the 1 5th century, when James
Chetham married Eleanor daughter of
Ellis Buckley ; Clowes D. no. 102.

An estate in 1346 held by William the
Parson (alias Pereston) by a rent of izd.
and i^d. for castle ward, was a century
later held by James Buckley, by the same
services; Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146;
Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2,
no. 29.

In 1463 the feoffees of Thomas Chad-
derton granted lands in Crompton to
Bernard Buckley ; Clowes D. The wife of
Robert Buckley of Whitfield contributed
to the subsidy of 1526 for 'goods' ; Shaw,
Oldham, 1 6. Lawrence Buckley in 1564
purchased from Edmund Trafford and
Elizabeth his wife two messuages, two
dovecotes, &c., in Crompton and Butter-
worth ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 26,
m. 43. John Chetham in 1565-6 sold
land in Whitfield to William Buckley ;
Clowes D. In 1590 a settlement was
made of three messuages, &c., in Cromp-
ton and other places, by James Buckley
and Elizabeth his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 52, m. 83.

James Buckley died in 1608, holding
nine messuages and lands in Whitfield of
the king as of the dissolved priory of St.
John of Jerusalem in socage by 3^. rent ;
his son and heir George was over thirty
years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 145. James Buckley,
who died in 1627, had the same or a simi-
lar holding in Whitfield and land in But-
terworth held by a ginger root ; James,
his son and heir, was five years of age ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, 51.

Another James Buckley died in Sep-
tember 1638 holding a messuage and
lands in Whitfield as above, and a cot-
tage, &c., also of the king, by the 200. h
part of a knight's fee. James, the son and
heir, was seventeen years of age. A set-
tlement made in 1637 is recited in the in-
quisition ; ibid, xxviii, 72. James Buckley
was in ward to the king in 1641 ; Shaw,
Oldham, 92. James Buckley of Whitfield
occurs in 1673 and 1681, and was buried
at Oldham, 24 January 1699-1700 ; John
Buckley is named in 1708 ; ibid. In
1713 the estate was sold by James Buckley
to John Lever of Alkrington and was after-
wards (in 1849) in severalties ; Raines, in
Notitia Cestr. ii, 115. In the Clegg
Pedigree (1840) the succession is given as
— Lawrence Buckley, s. James, s. George,
s. James, s. James, s. James, who died in
1726, leaving his sisters as heirs.

*7 From some of the preceding notes it will
be seen that a family or families using the
local surname had existed in the I3th
century. Among the Agecroft deeds
(334) is a grant of homages and services
from Adam son of Hugh de Goledene and
Eve his wife to Adam son of Jordan de
Crompton, but the place is not men-
tioned.

IIO

Disputes as to bounds and right of way
between Thomas Chetham and William
Crompton were in 1481 and 1482 settled
by arbitration, bounds being 'preket be
iiij men' ; Clowes D. no. 131, 132.

From 1451 to 1537 one John Crompton
after another was a free tenant of the
Abbot of Cockersand, paying izd. rent ;
Chartul. iii, 1238-41.

Robert Crompton of Crompton Hall
contributed to the subsidy of 1523 for
his lands; Shaw, Oldham, 15.

William Crompton died in 1587, hold-
ing a capital messuage called Whetstone
Hill in Oldham of Edmund Prestwich of
Hulme, and messuages in Crompton of
James Browne of Westhoughton (the pur-
chaser of the Cockersand lands), by a rent
of 12 d. Thomas, his son and heir, was
thirteen years of age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xiv, 25. About the same time
died Edmund Crompton, whose will is
printed in Shaw, op. cit. 32.

Thomas Crompton's name is on the
list of freeholders, 1600; Misc. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 247. He died
in 1607, leaving three young daughter*
as heirs ; the lands in Crompton were
stated to be held of the king (as duke) by
the twentieth part of a knight's fee ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
92. His will is printed in Shaw, op.
cit. 45 ; it mentions brothers Abel and
Samuel.

Some deeds relating to the Cromptons
of Crompton and Oldham are contained
in the Hyde of Denton charters, Harl.
MS. 21 12, fol. 153, &c.; for Robert Hyde
in 1630 married Alice, one of the daugh-
ters and co-heirs of Thomas Crompton.
Deborah, another daughter, married Sa-
muel Hamer.

Crompton Hall, perhaps at first so
called from its tenants under the Abbey
of Cockersand, was in 1672 owned by
William Richardson, and in 1696 and
later by Hugh Yannes ; Shaw, op. cit
176, 218, 264.

Hugh Yannes of Crompton Hall died
in 1746 or 1747, having made a settle-
ment in 1732. His heirs were his daugh-
ter Alice wife of the Rev. Samuel Town-
son and the children of his other daughter
Esther, who had married John Buckley ;
note of his will by Mr. W. F. Irvine.

18 Edmund Prestwich of Hulme in 1577
held lands in Oldham and Crompton of
the heirs of Robert Chadderton ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 4.

19 This family has been mentioned
above. Cuthbert Scholefield of Shaw was
a freeholder in 1 600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 249.

80 The Wilds seem to have lived at
Low Crompton and Cowlishaw. Robert
Wild contributed to the subsidy of 1523
for lands; Shaw, Oldbam, 15. Ottiwell
Wild in 1571 made a settlement of his
messuage, burgage, lands, &c. ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33, m. 156. His
name, as ' of Cowlishaw,' appears among
the freeholders of 1 600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 249. Henry Wild
of Low Crompton, Henry Wild of Dog-
hill, and William Wild, senior, a recusant,
contributed to the subsidy of 1641 ; Shaw,
op. cit. 88. James Wild in 1672 left a
rent-charge of £5 for the poor ; Char. Rep.
1826, xvi, 233.

SALFORD HUNDRED

occur. A survey of the township was made in 1623."
The moors were surveyed in 1640."

In 1787 the principal individual owner was
Mr. Pickford of Royton, who contributed about a
seventh part of the land tax.23

SHAW seems to have given a name to a landowner
in 1370.** The people of the place are noted for
their love of vocal music ; a musical society was
formed in 1 740, and continued almost to the present
time.15

The 'free chapel' at Shaw, now
CHURCH known as Holy Trinity, is said to have
been called anciently St. Patrick's Chapel-
on-the-Moor.J6 Its origin is unknown, and the orna-
ments found there in 1552 show it to have been but
poorly furnished.*7 There was no endowment, but
after the Reformation it appears to have remained in
occasional use, a 'reading minister' being supplied, and
a lecturer being added, probably by the contributions
of the people.28 The Commonwealth authorities took
advantage of the 'delinquency ' of Edmund Ashton
of Chadderton, who had the tithes of Oldham, to
make him settle an endowment on the chapel.*9 This
of course lapsed at the Restoration.

The Nonconformist Oliver Heywood preached at
Shaw Chapel several times between 1663 and 1669 ;
but ten years later he was molested after the conclu-
sion of the services and brought before the magistrate.30
At the Bishop of Chester's visitation in 1669 it was
reported that considerable numbers of Nonconformists
assembled constantly at Shaw Chapel, forcing the
doors open when locked. On one Sunday, being
prevented, they adjourned to Royton Hall. In 1671
Joshua Wilde, ' pretended clerk,' was presented for
presuming to preach.

In 1719 it was recorded that ' no certain salary be-
longs to the curate, but the rector generally allows

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

£5 per annum, and the neighbouring inhabitants
about £13 ; augmented 1718 with £200 given by
Mr. Ashton, rector of Prestwich.' 31 Grants from
Queen Anne's Bounty were secured and laid out in
lands, which in 1778 were producing £46 a year ;
the chapel was then regularly served every Lord's
Day.3* The chapel was rebuilt in 1739 and enlarged
in I798,33 and again rebuilt in 1870. A district was
assigned to it in l835.31 The following have been
curates and vicars, the rector of Prestwich present-
ing : —

1693 Jas. Lawton

1699 James Makon35

1 701 John Halliwell, M.A.36 (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)

1712 John Kippax,37 M.A. (St. John's Coll. Camb.)

1727 Joshua Stopford, B.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)

1761 James Wild, B.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)

1766 James Mashiter38

1 795 Joseph Hordern, M.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)39

1819 Joseph Hordern, M.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.) 40

1823 James Hordern, B.A. (St. Mary's Hall, Oxf.)"

1841 Daniel Brammall, B.A."

1866 Samuel Edwin Bartleet, M.A.4S (Trin. Coll.

Camb.)

1875 James Hamer Rawdon, M.A.44

1877 Samuel Edwin Bartleet, M.A.

1878 George Allen, M.A. (St. John's Coll. Camb.) "
1902 James Wilkinson Pinniger, M.A. (Wadham

Coll. Oxf.)

1907 Walter Muirhead Hope, M.A. (Hertford
Coll. Oxf.)

The registers date from 1704.

St. James's, East Crompton,46 was built in 1 847 ;
the Crown and the Bishop of Manchester present
alternately ; there are auxiliary services at Crompton
Fold and St. George's Schools. St. Mary's, High

21 The principal proprietors were : —
Chatham, 259 acres ; — Chadderton,
225 ; Sir John Byron, 169 ; Edmund
Ashton, 161 ; — Lever, 1345 — Cromp-
ton, 114 ; the others, holding from 30 to
50 acres, were : — Wrigley, Prestwich,
Scholefield, Kershaw, Buckley, Wild, and
Tetlow. The total, 1,124 acres (large
measure), corresponds nearly with the
2,865 acres of the township. Details of
Sir John Byron's holding were: — Inland
no acres ; on Shaw and Hathershaw
Moor, 16 ; Beal Moor, 6 ; High Moor,
30, with turbary on 6 acres ; and I acre
•stone and coal ; Shaw, Oldkam, 63, 66.

M Oldham Notts and Gleanings, ii, 5 3-5 ;
they were : — Shaw Moors (4), High
Moor, Beal Moor, and Hathershaw.

23 Land-tax returns at Preston. The
proportion is about the same as the Byron
holding in 1623.

24 In 1370 Thomas de Shaw settled
lands in Crompton on his son Alexander,
•with remainders to Thomas and Henry,
brothers of Alexander ; Raines in Gastrell's
No tin a, ii, 119.

25 Oldham Notes and Gleanings, i, 125.

26 Canon Raines in Gastrell's Notitia,
ut supra. He states : 'The chapelry is
parochial, and a chapel rate is levied
[1849] and collected independent either
ot Prestwich or Oldham.'

W Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 43 ; Lawrence
Hall was the priest there. The chapel
was valued at 135. 4</. on its confiscation
by the king, and purchased by the in-
habitants ; Raines, Chantries (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 277.

28 Hugh Burdman, literate, was licensed
to be the reader at Shaw in July 1575 ;
Pennant's Note-book (Chest. Reg.), foL
4. John Yareley was there in 1587, and
William Plant in 1636 ; Mr. Earwaker's
notes. It was ' supplied by a curate '
about 1610; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv,
App. iv, n. A Mr. Worthington was
lecturer there in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 66. Lemuel Allen
was curate in 1625 ; Shaw, Oldham, 70.

29 Out of the impropriate rectory of
Oldham, part of his estate, £40, was in
1646 ordered to be paid for 'increase of
the maintenance of a minister in the
chapel of Shaw ' ; Plund. Alins. Accti.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 39. This
was afterwards agreed to by Edmund Ash-
ton and James his son and heir ; ibid, ii,
117.

In 1650 the Commissioners recom-
mended that it be made a parish church ;
Commoniv. Ch. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 22.

In 1649 Robert Symonds had been the
minister, but like his superior, the rector
of Prestwich, he did not pay much respect
to the Manchester Classis, and left in
1650; he was rector of Dalbury from
1652 to 1662, and then, conforming, be-
came rector of Middleton ; Manch. Classis
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 134, 137; iii, 446;
Raines, in Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 120. James
Walton was minister in 1655—6 ; Plund.
Mins. elects, ii, 118. He remained till
1662, when he was ejected ; Mane A.
Classis, iii, 449.

The following is mentioned as curate

III

in Shaw's Old/tarn : — 1674, Benjamin Gil-
body, B.A. No curate is named in Strat-
ford's Visitation List, 1691.

80 O. Heywood's Diaries, i, 184, 259,
264, 265 ; ii, 90.

81 Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. ii, 119.

82 Rector Harris in Booker, Prestwich,
85.

88 An account of Shaw Chapel, by John
Higson, is printed in Oldbam Nous and
Gleanings, i, 1 1 2, 122.

84 Land. Gas. J May 1835.

85 The church papers at Chest. Dioc.
Reg. begin at this time.

36 Afterwards curate of Oldham. Ox-
ford degrees are taken from Foster,
Alumni.

W Admissions to St. John's Coll. ii, 148.

88 There was a Richard Mashiter, of
Pembroke College, Oxford; B.A. 1742.
For his son see E. Butterworth, Oldham
[ed. 1856], 60.

89 Father of his two successors, and of
Rev. Peter Hordern, librarian of the
Chetham Hospital.

40 Afterwards vicar of Rostherne (1821)
and Burton Agnes (1855).

41 Senior magistrate of Oldham Ses-
sions ; had a school at Royton Hall and
then at Failsworth Lodge ; vicar of Dod-
dington, Kent, 1841.

42 Vicar of Chislet, Kent, 1833.

48 Perp. curate of Ringley 1875-7 > 'n
1878 exchanged Shaw for Brockworth,
Glos. ; of St. Mark's, Gloucester, 1885.

44 Vicar of Preston, 1877.

45 Vicar of Brockworth, Glos., 1871-8.
44 For district, Land. Gam. 14 Jan. 1845.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Crompton, built in 1872, consecrated in 1878, and
since enlarged, is in the Bishop of Manchester's
patronage.47

There are Wesleyan, Primitive, and Free Methodist
churches.

The Congregational church at Shaw originated in
services begun in 1847, but suspended for a time.
A small chapel, purchased from the Wesleyans, was
opened in 1856 to serve for Shaw and Roy ton. Shaw
became separate in 1 86 1, but afterwards the work
ceased. Afresh start was made in 1886, an iron
chapel being erected, followed by the present build-
ing.48

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Joseph, Shaw
Edge, built in 1874, was rebuilt in 1896.

In 1856 the Mormons had a meeting-place at
Shaw.

ROYTON

Ruhwinton, 1212 ; Ritton, 1226 ; Ryton, 1260 —
usual ; Ruyton, 1332.

The extreme measurements of Royton are about
2 miles from east to west, and ij from north to
south ; the area is 1,372 acres.1 The general slope
of its hilly surface is from east to west, the limits
being 825 ft. on Oldham Edge and 400 ft. at Street
Bridge. The old village of Royton, which has now
become a small town, is situated in a deep valley in
the north-west quarter of the township ; to the south-
west of it are the hamlets of Haggate, Royley, and
Holdenfold ; to the north-west lies Thorpe ; to the
north, Dogford ; to the east are Luzley Brook and
Heyside ; and to the south Longsight. The River
Irk rises on the northern border, and flows west along
it, Oldham has begun to spread over the southern
border. The population in 1901 was 14,881, in-
cluding part of that of Thornham.1

The principal road is that from Oldham to Roch-
dale, which passes through the town. A branch of it
goes north-east to Shaw, to which place another road
from Oldham passes through the township. Another
important road is that from Royton to Middleton.
The Oldham and Rochdale branch of the Lancashire
and Yorkshire Railway passes through one corner of
the township ; a branch line from the north of Old-
ham runs north-west to Royton, its terminus. The
Oldham electric tramway to Crompton passes through
the township.

The soil is sand, with subsoil of clay. Hay is the
chief crop. There are large cotton factories ; fustian
cutting is carried on, and there is a colliery.3

About 1780 Royton village 'contained only a few
straggling and mean-built cottages,' but with the
introduction of the weaving of fustians and other
branches of the cotton manufacture it increased
rapidly.4 A local board was formed in 1863,° and
the bounds were extended by the addition of part
of Thornham in 1879.* A town nall and market
were built in 1880. The local board gave place in
1894 to an urban district council of fifteen members,
chosen for five wards — Dogford, Dryclough, Hag-
gate, Heyside, and Thornham. There is a cemetery
in Rochdale Road, opened in 1879.

The ' wakes ' are held on the first Saturday in
August.

At Whitebanks, near Oldham Edge, there was *a
good chalybeate spring.' r

An account of Royton, its chapel, politics, and
celebrities, written by John Higson, is printed in
Oldham Notes and Gleanings.6 John Butterworth, a
noted mathematician, who died in 1845, is buried in
the churchyard. George Travis, born at Royton in
1741, became vicar of Eastham and Archdeacon of
Chester, dying in 1797. He distinguished himself by
his knowledge of the law of tithe, which he used to
advance the value of his benefice from £30 to £100
a year. He also had a bitter controversy with Gibbon
and Porson, defending the authenticity of I John v.
7.' Richard Dean, 1727—78, was another divine
and author.10

A local saying, of unknown origin, refers to * the
seven that came from Royton.' u

The residence of Richard and Thomas Percival in
1666 had twelve hearths liable to the tax ; the rest
of the township brought the total up to 54."

In 1 21 2 ROTTON was held of the
MdNOR king in thegnage as twelve oxgangs of land
by a rent of 24^., the tenant being Wil-
liam Fitz William.13 William died about the end of
1223, and was succeeded by his son Thomas,14 who
was still living in I254-15 Thomas had a daughter
Margery, who married Alexander Luttrell of Somer-
set, and in or before 1260 they sold nine oxgangs in
Royton and 60 acres in Thorpe and Healey to John
de Byron.16 It appears, however, that Alice de
Byron, mother of Roger, had ' the whole town ' in
1246, and had farmed it out to Roger Gernet.17

47 For district, Land. Gaa. 9 July, 1878.

48 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v, 264-6.
1 2,145, including n of inland water,

according to the Census Rep. 1901 ; this
includes the added portion of Thornham.

3 Pop. Ret. 1901.

8 In 1795 the farms were small; the
land was mostly pasture, but oats, potatoes,
and a few turnips were grown. There
were then ' a great number of cotton mills
and a fulling mill, chiefly for the Rochdale
baize.' The collieries had been worked
for a century. Freestone was obtained ;
Aikin, Country Round Manch. 238, 239.

4 Butterworth, Oldham, 97. The people
were formerly very Radical in their politics.
In 1794 they held a reform meeting, but
were put to flight by a mob from Oldham ;
the episode was called the ' Royton Races ' ;
ibid. 137.

4 Land. Gais. 16 Oct. 1863.

6 Local Govt. Bd. Order 31625; the

population of the included portion was
939. 7 Butterworth, op. cit. 107.

8 Vol. i, 181-5. A list of curates is
given. It is mentioned that a botanical
society was formed there in 1794.

9 Diet. Nat. Biog. ; Scott, Admissions to
St. 'John's Coll. Camb. iii, 159, 671.

10 Diet. Nat. Biog.

11 Lanes, and Ches. Antij. Soc. vi, 182.

12 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

18 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 69. For pedigree see
Collins, Peerage (1779), v, 160-1.

14 On 23 Feb. 1223-4 the sheriff was
ordered to take security for his relief, and
give seisin ; Thomas had already done
homage and fealty ; Fine R. 8 Hen. Ill,
m. 9. William's name, however, is re-
tained in the roll of 1226 ; Lanes. Inq. and
Extents, i, 138.

15 The sheriff was in 1254-5 ordered
to make a perambulation between the

112

lands of Thomas Fitz William in Royton
and Geoffrey de Chetham in Crompton ;
Close R. 70, m. 8 d.

In 1253 Alice de Sar" and her sisters
Cecily and Agnes charged Cecily widow
of Richard de Royton with being con-
cerned in the burning of their houses, &c.;
Curia Regis R. 150, m. 8 d.

William de Royton contributed to the
subsidy in 1332; Exc h. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 31.

16 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 133. See also the agreement
of 1270, from Close R. 91, m. 5 d., printed
in the same volume, 216. The grant by
the Luttrells is given in the Black Bk.
of Clayton, no. 62/47 5 a rent °^ *d. was
due to the grantors.

*' Assize R. 404, m. rod. ; the record
is corrupt, there being some confusion be-
tween Alice and a Margery — perhaps the
above-named wife of Alexander Luttrell.

SALFORD HUNDRED

From 1260 or 1270 to the beginning of the I7th
century the manor descended in the Byron family,18
and during the later part of
this period seems to have been
their chief residence.19 In
or about 1622 it was sold to
the Standishes of Standish,20
and was again sold in 1662
to Thomas Percival, probably
a trader of Manchester." It
continued in this family for
a century," when Catherine
daughter of a later Thomas
Percival of Royton, who died
in 1763, carried it in mar-
riage to Joseph Pickford23 of Althill. She died in
1765, leaving an only son William Percival Pick-
ford. He died in 1815 without issue, and gave
Royton to his father, who had married again, and
in 1795 took the name of Radcliffe on inheriting the
e«tates of his mother's brother, William Radcliffe of
Mills Bridge, Yorkshire. He was created a baronet
in 1813, having taken a prominent part in suppressing
the Luddite riots of the previous year.14 Royton has

BYRON. Argent three
bendlets enhanced gules.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

descended with the issue of this second marriage to
the present baronet, Sir Joseph Edward Radcliffe, of
Rudding Park, Knaresborough.

Royton Old Hall was de-
scribed in 1795 as 'a firm,
well-built stone edifice of an-
cient date . . . pleasantly
seated in a deep valley, sur-
rounded by high grounds. In
front of the house runs a small
stream dividing the gardens
from rich meadows.' K This
description was substantially
repeated thirty years later,16 the
meadows being still ' fertile '
and ' luxurious,' but the sur-
roundings have since so much
changed that the original
aspect of the building is somewhat difficult to recon-
stitute, though the stream, now much polluted, still
runs at the bottom of the garden. The park and
grounds have long disappeared, and the surroundings
are now purely industrial.

The hall was largely rebuilt in the i8th century,

RADCLIFFE of Royton,
baronet. Argent a bend
engrailed table charged
"with a crescent of tht
fold for difference.

18 The 241. paid by Richard de Byron
(in Royton) appears in the extent of the
lands of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, in
1297 ; Inq. and Extents, i, 301. Richard
de Byron in 1 3 24 held a plough-land and
a half by a rent of 241. ; Duchy of Lane.
Rentals and Surv. 379, m. 13. The mesne
lordship of the Luttrells was still remem-
bered in 1346, when it was recorded that
Andrew Luttrell held 1 2 oxgangs of land
in Royton in socage, and by his tenants,
Sir James Byron and John his brother,
rendered 241. rent, puture, &c. ; Add.
MS. 32103, fol. 146. In the inquisition
taken soon after the death of Sir Richard
Byron of Clayton in 1397 it was stated
that he had held four messuages and twelve
oxgangs in Royton of the Duke of Lancas-
ter by knight's service ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 65.

In an extent of 1445-6 Sir John Byron
was said to hold twelve oxgangs of land
in socage by a rent of 24.5. yearly ; he
stated that he held of Andrew Luttrell,
and also by feoffment ; Duchy of Lane.
Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no. 20. The tenure
was less correctly stated in 1498 after the
death of Sir John Byron, the four mes-
suages and twelve oxgangs being held of
the king as of his duchy of Lancaster in
socage, by the service of 24*., being worth
10 marks clear; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, 48. Royton occurs down to
1608 in Byron settlements, e.g. Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 15, m. 147 ; 61,
m. 347 ; 71, no. 2.

In 1310 John de Byron granted to
Adam de Chadderton 4 acres of the waste
in Royton ; Clowes D.

19 In 1432 a release to Sir John Byron
was made by the feoffee concerning lands
in Royton and Butterworth ; the deed is
dated at Royton ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, 70.

Sir John Byron in 1588 addressed a
letter to the Salford justices, dated at
Royton ; Lanes. Lieutenancy (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 215. Described as 'of Royton,' he
heads the list of freeholders in Salford
Hundred in 1600; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 246.

20 In a petition of 1622-3 Sir John
Byron the younger is described as ' lord
and owner of the manor and lordship of

Royton'; Shaw, Oldham, 60. In 1622,
however, Ralph Standish contributed to
the subsidy for lands in Royton ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 158.
Ten years later there is further evidence
that Ralph Standish was in possession ;
Shaw, op. cit. 75.

21 On 27 Mar. 1662 Thomas Percival
and Richard his brother purchased Royton
of Edward Standish and William his son
and heir apparent for £2,530. The pur-
chase included cottages, &c., and all their
interest in Royton and Chadderton ; the
rents amounted to £120 a year; Shaw,
op. cit. 157.

23 There is an erroneous pedigree in
Burke's Commoners, iv, 612, stating that
Thomas's son Richard was baptized in
Drogheda in 1675, and Thomas was him-
self made an alderman of that corporation
in 1690 by William III. It is further
stated that his will was made in 1702 and
proved in Dublin in 1703 ; but Thomas
Percival of Royton was buried at Man-
chester 10 Dec. 1694; Shaw, Oldham,
214. At Royton he apparently acted as
banker for the neighbourhood ; see the
list of his loans in Shaw, 196, 197.
Thomas's elder brother Richard Percival
purchased the manor of Allerton in Child-
wall. In 1664 Thomas Percival of Royton
was summoned to attend the Herald's
Visitation, but no pedigree is recorded ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), p. v. He was
a trustee of Oldham Grammar School in
1673 ; Shaw, op. cit. 1 80. By his will,
dated 1693, he gave £150 to the poor of
Manchester, to be laid out by his execu-
tors and his cousin Richard Percival ; in
1826 this was supposed to be represented
by an estate of 10 acres in Royton ;
Char. Rep. (1826), xvi, 148.

In 1682 John Gilliam of Manchester
married Jane daughter of Thomas Percival
of Royton ; he was buried 20 July 1688,
and an account of the funeral expenses,
&c., is printed by Shaw, Oldham, 187, 200.
Their daughter Jane married John Greaves
of Culcheth in Newton.

Richard Percival of Royton married
Katherine daughter of Thomas Norris of
Speke, and their sons Thomas, William,
and Richard were baptized in 1688, 1690,
and 1696, the two former at Manchester ;

"3

ibid. 199, 203, 205, 217. Richard was
buried 27 Apr. 1697 ; 220. His widow
Katherine appears as granting a lease in
the next year ; 221 ; see also 229.

Thomas Percival, ' of Royton, esquire,'
was buried 19 Mar. 1710-1 ; his father
and grandfather had been described as
' gent.' ; ibid. 248. His brother William
succeeded, and in 1713 took part in the
settlement of the boundaries of Hollin-
wood in Oldham, but did not sign the
agreement; 253. He married Dorothy
daughter of Thomas Kenyon of Salford
(Butterworth, op. cit.) ; his son Thomas
was born i Sept. 1719 ; Shaw, op. cit. 269.
William was buried 12 July 1721 ; 275.

Letters from Thomas Percival to one
of the Kenyon family, 1759-61, are
printed in Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App.
iv, 496-8. In one he speaks of himself
as ' enlisted among the men of speculative
learning' ; in another, though 'sincerely
for the good of the Church of England,'
he objected to the interference of the
clergy in state affairs, and affirmed, 'when-
ever you want a key to a priest's conduct,
that interest is his ruling motive.' James
Butterworth in his history of Oldham (ed.
1817) states: 'To Sir Joseph Radcliffe,
Bart., of Mills Bridge in the county of
York, I owe all my most material in-
formation, chiefly collected by his father-
in-law, T. Percival, Esq., of Royton Hall
(who appears to have been a great lover
of antiquity) ; his pedigrees of the Lanca-
shire families, collected by himself, with
the great additions made by the before-
mentioned worthy baronet, are an in-
valuable treasure, and with them I have
been kindly favoured by him ' ; p. xi. In
the same work (102) is a Percival-Radcliffe
pedigree.

There are monuments in St. Paul's
Church to Katherine Pickford, 1765, and
to Sir Joseph Radcliffe, 1819.

23 Joseph Pickford in 1779 paid 241. to
the Duchy for Royton ; Duchy of Lane.
Rentals, bdle. 14, no. 25m.

24 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiv, 1 6 1.

25 Aikin, A Description of the Country
from Thirty to Forty Miles round Man-
chester, 239.

26 Corry, Lanes. 1825, ii, 527 ; Butter-
worth, Oldham, 1826.

15

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

but part of the lyth-century structure remains at the
east end, consisting of a wing running north and south
with a gable at each end. The house is built of
stone, with stone slated roofs and brick chimneys, and
has a long frontage facing south, with a slightly
recessed middle portion two stories high and loftier
gabled wings. The site slopes from north to south,
so that in the south or principal front the ground
floor is raised well above the level of the garden,
allowing for a good basement. A double flight of
stone steps leads from an outer door on this side to
the garden.

The 1 8th-century rebuilding, together with subse-
quent additions and alterations on the north side, has
made it very difficult to determine the lines of the
original plan, but the whole of the later work on the
south front is built on an older basement apparently
of the same date as the east wing, which goes to show
that the extent of the original house on this side was
the same as that of the present one. The buildings
are grouped round a quadrangle of irregular shape,
longer from west to east, but those on the north and
part of the west side are of modern date, which makes
it impossible to say how far they carry out the original
arrangement. The east wing, as before stated, is part
of the lyth-century building with mullioned and
transomed windows and a square projection on the
west side to the courtyard containing a radiating oak
staircase.*7 The south and south-west parts of the
building are of plain 1 8th -century work with little or
no architectural detail. The older wing has a good
stone chimney on its east side with brick shafts set
diagonally, and at the north end has string-courses
marking the first and second floors, which are not
continued round the south end. The gable is with-
out coping, and the general appearance of the wing
at this end suggests that it had formerly been the
back of the house or that some of its features have
been removed in later times. It is probable that the

original house was built on three sides of the court-
yard only, the north, which would be the principal
front of the building, being left open.

The 18th-century rebuilding appears to have been
done at two different times, there being a straight
joint on the south front about the middle of the centre
wing, between the door and the window east of it.
The spacing of the windows also points in the same
direction. They are of the usual tall square-headed
type, with stone architraves, and originally had case-
ments and wooden millions, but these have been
replaced by sashes, which detract from the appearance
of the house. The walls of the older wing are of
rough masonry, but the later work is built in squared
coursed stones, with projecting quoins, and at its west
end is faced with brick. Against the brick wall at
the south-west corner is a spout-head with the initials
T p M and the date 1 768.

There is some good iSth-century panelling with
classic cornice, now painted over, in a room in the
middle wing, and a large room in the east wing,
which was altered in the i8th century and has two
windows of that date on its east side, preserves a
portion of its decoration, though the oak dado has
recently been taken away.

The house has been for a long time divided into
two. The western part is now a private residence,
and the east wing is used as a Church Institute.

There was recently a pedestal sundial in the garden
with many facets, but it has been taken away by the
owner. A wall sundial on the south side over the
door is still in position.

Other local families may be named. The Shaws of
Heyside recorded a pedigree in 1664, and occur in
various ways for a century longer.18 The Tetlows of
Royley19 seem to have been succeeded in the iyth
century by the Rhodes family.30 Holdens of Holden-
fold occur.*1 At Thorpe the Taylors had a resi-
dence." Dryclough was once held by the Mellors.**

*7 The local but foolish tradition is that
the stairs are built round the trunk of a
tree which grew on the spot, and now
forms the newel.

88 Dugdale, Visit. 260 ; they had only
recently settled in Royton. The epitaph
of Oliver Shaw, who died I Aug. 1706,
'after various conditions of life,' is given
by Butterworth, op. cit. 29. 'Old Mrs.
Shaw, from Heyside,' was buried at O_ld-
hatn, i Nov. 1710. She was probably
Alice daughter of Thomas Chetham, of
Heyside, and wife of Oliver.

For the Chetham family's connexion
with Royton see Ernest Axon's Chit.
Genealogies (Chet. Soc. new ser.), 6, 9,
12. A Ralph Chetham, who died in or
about 1538, left his 'take and farmSold '
in Royton to his sons Adam and Robert,
and part of the Moor Hey to his son
James; ibid. 17. In 1541 James Chetham
contributed to the subsidy ' for goods ' ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 145.

The Shaws had disappeared before 1817,
when Butterworth wrote.

Heyside was in 1842 'notorious for
wickedness of the vilest description ' ;
Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v, 267.

39 Sir John Byron (about 1270) granted
to Robert the Falconer lands in Royton,
within bounds beginning at Royton wall
and following the bounds of the oxgangs
of the vill of Royton as far as Eliclough
on the south, by the edge to Wallsyke
{where was Robert's house) and to the

Mill Brook ; up this to Royley Brook,
and so to the starting-point ; at a rent of
6s. 6d. ; Black Bk. of Clayton, 81/241.
Two Falconers, Adam and Robert, con-
tributed to the subsidy of 1332 ; Exch.
Lay Suit. 30, 31.

The charter cited is headed ' Copy of
the Charter of Adam de Tetlow, of Royley
in Royton.' Alexander son of Adam de
Tetlow complained that a number of men
had seized his goods at Royton in 1372,
taking his linen and woollen cloth, maser
bowls, and silver, brass, wood, and pewter
utensils, &c.; Coram Rege R. 463, m. 55.
John Tetlow of Royley is mentioned in
1541 ; Shaw, Oldham, 18. Mary Tetlow
widow seems to have been the principal
resident in 1641, having an income of
£20 a year ; ibid. 92.

80 In 1653 John Rhodes (Roades) of
Royley in Royton leased land in the Ryott
and the Gorsey Hill in Hartingstead Yate
to Edmund Taylor ; ibid. 145. A further
lease was made in 1655 ; 149. Edward
Shacklock of Moston in 1666 bequeathed
lands he had purchased of Henry Wrigley
and John Rhodes to John Rhodes, the
younger son of the last-named ; ibid. 1 66.

Royley is mentioned by Butterworth
(op. cit. 115) as noted for its coal. At
the adjacent hamlet of Streetbridge there
were in 1817 a paper mill and collieries; 107.

81 Holdenfold, it is supposed, took its
name from the proprietors. Ralph Holden
contributed to the subsidy in 1622 ;

114

Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 158.
Ralph Holden died 23 Aug. 1625, leaving
a son and heir Ralph, about nine years of
age. His lands in Royton were held of
the king. By his will he left them to his
son, then to his wife, and to his brothers
Edmund and Ralph in succession. If
Edmund or the other brother should suc-
ceed he was to pay a rent of £4 a year
to the poor of Oldham ; Towneley MS.
C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), p. 518.

83 Butterworth, op. cit. 1 08. James
Taylor died 19 Dec. 1624 holding lands
in Heaton Fallowfield, Castleton, and
Royton ; the last estate was two mes-
suages, &c., held of the king. All was left
to his son John, then over fifty ; then a
division was to take place among John's
daughters — Elizabeth Hayward, Susan
Butterworth, and Mary Ogden. The
Royton lands were to go to Elizabeth,
then wife of Thomas Heaward or Hay-
ward, and their son Robert ; Townele
MS. C. 8, 13, p. 1,187. For another
John Taylor of Thorpe (1654) see Oldham
Notes and Gleanings, iii, 53.

Ralph Taylor is said to have had a small
cotton mill at Thorpe Clough as early as
1764; E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856),
119.

88 Ibid. 113 ; they were in 1817 'regu-
lar carriers to different parts of the king-
dom.' Mr. Andrew had there a large malt
kiln. The only windmill in the parish
stood there, and there were collieries.

Cifi&&«

PRESTWICH : DEYNE HALL, TAKEN DOWN 1837

ROYTON HALL

SALFORD HUNDRED

There are incidental notices of other estates in the
township.34

Royton Moss has long been inclosed.35

For the Established Church St. Paul's was built in
1 7 54s6 and consecrated in 1757 ; it was restored and
enlarged a century later, and was rebuilt between
1883 and 1889. An ecclesiastical parish was assigned
to it in I835.37 There is a mission church, All
Saints', in connexion with it. The rector of Prest-
wich is the patron. St. Mark's, Heyside, was built in
1878 ;M the patronage is vested in five trustees ; it
has a mission room called St. Chad's.

The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel built in
1804. The Primitive and Independent Methodists
also have chapels

The Baptist Church dates from 1873.

From 1847 to 1861 Royton and Shaw were
worked together by the Congregationalists. In the
last-named year a separation was made, and a church
was built at Royton in 1864. At Heyside, where
services began in 1842, a school-room was built in
1851 and a chapel in l88o.19

The Society of Friends have had a meeting-place at
Turf Lane, Heyside, from about 1665 ; 40 the first
burial took place in that year. The house was rebuilt
in 1885, but is used only occasionally.41

The Roman Catholic school-chapel of SS. Aidan
and Oswald was built in 1880."

The Calvinistic Methodists and the Mormons had
meeting-places in 1856.

CHADDERTON

Chaderthon, Chaderton, c. 1250; Chaterton, 1291;
Chatherton, 1304; Chadderton, 1468.

This township measures about 3 miles from north
to south, and less than 2 miles across ; its area is
3,138 acres.1 The surface is hilly, but the general
slope is from east to west ; the highest points, 500 ft.,
are in the extreme north-east. The Irk and some
tributary brooks flow through the township. The
growth of Oldham has given an urban character to

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

the east and south-east borderland ; and on the west
a small town has grown up round Middleton Junc-
tion. The population in 1901 was 24,892.

The road from Manchester to Oldham passes near,
and sometimes within the south-eastern boundary.
Three roads from Middleton to Oldham go through
the township from east to west, with numerous cross-
roads.2 The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's
line from Manchester to Rochdale, opened in 1839,
traverses the western half of it, going northwards,
and has a station about the centre, called Middleton
Junction, from which lines branch off west and east to
Middleton and to Oldham. The same company's
Manchester and Oldham line runs along the eastern
boundary, and has a station at Hollinwood. The
Rochdale Canal also passes through the township.

Chadderton Heights, Chadderton Fold, and Brichin
Lee are hamlets in the northern part of the town-
ship ; Foxdenton lies to the east of Middleton
Junction ; Black Lane, Nimble Nook, Butler Green,
and Coldshaw 8 on the south-east border ; Hale Moss
and White Moss on the south.4 Here also was the dis-
trict called Theale Moor.5

The boundaries of Chadderton have varied from
time to time. Butterworth, writing in 1817, calls
attention to the then ancient bounds, shown on his
map, as contrasted with his verbal description ; Hollin-
wood had in 1713 been taken into Oldham.8 There
was also a small detached portion, lying under Copster
Hill on the southern border of Oldham, into which
it has now been absorbed.

There is a tumulus close to Chadderton Hall. Re-
mains of Roman roads are found.

The soil is sand, with subsoil of clay and gravel.
The land ii mostly pasture, the dairies being the
chief agricultural industry. There are numerous
cotton mills on the Oldham side ; also collieries, iron
works, chemical works, and brick works. The coal
pits are mentioned frequently in the 1 7th century.8
In 1833 hats were made.

A local board was formed in 1873 ;9 this has be-
come since 1 894 an urban district council of eighteen
members, chosen by three wards — North, Central, and

M In 1369 William son of John de
Chadwick and Agnes his wife had 2 mes-
suages, 24 acres of land, &c., in Royton ;
Final Cone, ii, 176.

Robert Wyld died in 1625 holding lands
of the king ; Robert his son and heir was
fourteen years of age ; Towneley MS. C. 8,
13, p. 1291.

Humphrey Booth in 1635 held a mes-
suage, &c. in Royton of the king ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, 44.

85 A moiety of the fields « lately en-
closed ' from Royton Moss was sold in
1626 ; Shaw, 72. In 1817 there was no
waste land, and only a few acres needed
draining. There were no woods ; Butter-
worth, 104, 105.

86 Butterworth, op. cit. 99, 100. The
ground was given by Thomas Percival
and the cost of the building defrayed by
subscription.

For its endowments and services in
1778 see Booker, Prestwich, 85 ; and in
1808, Oldham Notes and Gleanings, iii, 94,
95 ; see also iii, 205.

e? Land. Gaz. 5 May 1835.

88 For district, ibid. 25 Mar. 1879.

89 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v, 264-8.
The barn of Robert Wild of Heyside was
in 1672 licensed as a Presbyterian meet-

ing-place ; Shaw, Oldham t 176. Some of
the Wilds were Quakers.

40 Meetings of Quakers were reported
at the Bishop of Chester's Visitation,
1669.

41 Sylvester Sykes was buried at Hey-
side in 1665, and the place was used on
sufferance till 1 6 86, when a lease was
secured, and a house built. This was
pulled down in 1832.

John Lees, a Royton Quaker, made an
improvement in the carding machine in
1772 ; E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856),
116.

43 Kelly, Engl. Cat A. Missions, 337.

1 3,082 including 39 of inland water,
according to the census of 1901.

8 'This township is truly remarkable as
containing a great number of roads, on
the borders of which are erected numerous
cottages, which are all denominated lanes,
viz., Burnley Lane, Stock Lane, Block
Lane, Old Lane, Denton Lane, Thomp-
son Lane, Dowry Lane [Drury Lane],
Mought Lane, Turf Lane, Tonge Lane,
and Bawtry Lane ' ; Butterworth, Oldham
(ed. 1817), 163.

8 The right of way through Coleshaw
Lane, on payment of \d. a year, was re-
cognized in 1672 ; Shaw, Oldham, 178.

4 'This township extends to a white
stone, which formerly was fixed near the
middle of White Moss ' ; Butterworth,
op. cit. 163. A perambulation of the
bounds between Chadderton and Nuthurst
was ordered in 1520 ; Towneley MS. CC,
no. 834.

* See further in the account of Moston.
Leases of land in Theale Moor are given
in Shaw, Oldham, 50, 173, 174, 193.

6 Butterworth, 167 ; the boundary here
was : ' From Werneth old mill to Collier
stone, near Cash yate, from thence in a
direct line, cutting off about five yards of
the south-east corner of the chapel yard
[St. Margaret's], by Grace well, to the
corner house above Grocock's, and so on
by the Bowling green aforesaid." Collier
Hill indicates one of these boundaries ;
Grace Well has perhaps been absorbed in
the canal reservoir.

A survey of Hollinwood was made in
1614 ; Shaw, op. cit. 56. The bounds as
settled in 1713 are given in Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, ii, 220-2, from the Raines
MSS. in Chet. Lib. xxiv, 255.

8 See a letter from Mrs. Byrom and;
Mrs. Potter in 1683, printed in Shaw,
Oldham, 190.

9 Land. Gass, 21 June 1873.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

South. The public library, built by Mr. Carnegie,
was opened in 1904. The other public buildings
include town hall, baths, and isolation hospital.

One of the Oldham cemeteries is at Springbrook,
on the Middleton road.

There were 121 hearths liable to the tax in 1666.
The largest houses were those of Edmund Ashton,
thirteen hearths, and Alexander Potter, seven.10

From the earliest record of it, the
MANORS survey of 1 2 1 2, it appears that CHAD-
DERTON was a member of the Mont-
begon or Tottington fee,11 and so passed to the Lacys
and the Crown. At the date mentioned, having
been given to the * ancestors ' of Gilbert de Notton,
lord of Barton in right of his wife, it was held by
him as 12 oxgangs of land, by the service of the
fourth part of a knight's fee." It is supposed to have
been held under him or his immediate successor by
Geoffrey de Chetham, thus passing to the Traffords."
About 1255 Gilbert [de Barton] son of Sir William
de Notton, released to Sir Edmund de Lacy the
homage and service of Richard de Trafford for the
manor of Chadderton and its appurtenances.14 From

this time, therefore, the TrafFords held directly of the
lords of Tottington and Clitheroe.14

Richard de Trafford made a partition of his estates,
and thus Chadderton came into the possession of his
younger son Geoffrey, who
adopted the local surname.16
It is difficult to decide as to
the succession at this point ; a
Henry de Chadderton seems
to have been in possession in
1 292," yet Geoffrey de Chad-
derton, either the same or his
son, held the manor in I3O2.19
William de Chadderton, son
of Geoffrey, followed ; he was
living in I332.19 His son
Geoffrey left a daughter and
heir Margery, who in or before 1367 married John
de Radcliffe,10 illegitimate son of the rector of Bury.
The husband died in 1407, having survived his wife
and their son John, but continuing to hold Chadder-
ton by the courtesy of England until his death. The
tenure was described as of the king as Duke of Lan-

CHADDERTON. Ar-
gent a griffin ttgreant
gules.

10 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

11 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 61. In 1324 it was
returned that Thomas Earl of Lancaster
had held the fee in right of Alice his wife ;
the sake fee due from Chadderton was 31.;
ibid, ii, 102.

12 Inq. and Extents, loc. cit. It descended
to Gilbert's son Roger (who died in 124.1),
and was in 1234-5 granted by Roger to
Gilbert de Barton (his nephew) as the
manors of Chadderton and Denton in Lan-
cashire with mills and the land of Cfomp-
ton; Feet of F. Hen. Ill, Div. Cos. no.
66.

Gilbert de Notton granted to Stanlaw
Abbey land in Chadderton within bounds
beginning at the Constable's Oak, and
going by Netherlee Brook and the Moss,
' as the moss and the dry land divide,' to
Tache Lache and the bounds of ' Caule
Shaw" (Coldshaw), and by a lache on
the south back to the oak ; fPhalley
Coucher (Chet. Soc.), i, 48. In 1549 two
^arts of a messuage in Chadderton were
held by James Ashton of the king, by
.•reason of the attainder of the Abbot of
Whalley, the service being $.d. yearly ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 29. A
house called Thatch Leach lies about a
quarter of a mile to the south-east of
Foxdenton Hall.

la 1242 Gilbert de Barton held the
fourth part of a knight's fee in Chadderton,
of the Earl of Lincoln's fee of Tottington ;
it belonged to the dower of the countess ;
Land. Inq. and Extents, i, 153.

In 1324 the judge of Chadderton paid
41. to the steward of the court at Totting-
ton in respect of a fine for respite of suit ;
Lanes. Ct. R. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
9. In 1626 three constables were required
to attend the Tottington court ; Shaw,
Oldham, 70.

13 See the account of Cheetham.
"Duchy of Lane. Anct. D. L.I22I ;

the date is fixed by the name of the first
witness — 'Henry de Wingeham, Chan-
cellor of the King,' 1255-8.

Gilbert de Barton's succession had been
in 1224 disputed by Roger de Notton ;
Cal. Pat. 1216-25, p. 488.

ls The Traffbrd tenure is that recognized
in the feodaries, &c. In the De Lacy Inq.

of 1311 (Chet. Soc. p. 1 9) it was stated
that Henry de Trafford held of the earl
the manor of Chadderton by the service of
one knight's fee, and suit of court.

In 1346 Isabel Queen of England held
it of the heirs of Alice de Lacy as the
fifth of a knight's fee, paying 31. by the
hands of Henry de Trafford her tenant,
and 21. for castle ward ; Add. MS. 32103,
fol. 146.

In 1445-6 Sir Edmund Trafford held
Chadderton for the fifth part of a knight's
fee ; the relief due for it was 20*., but he
said that he was in ward, and no relief
was paid ; Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees,
bdle. 2, no. 20.

The reduction from the fourth part of
a knight to the fifth may have been due
to the separation of Foxdenton.

In 1856 Chadderton still owed suit and
service to the court baron of the honour
of Clitheroe ; E. Butterworth, Oldham
(ed. 1856), 13.

18 Margery, widow of Geoffrey de Chet-
ham, in 1275 claimed dower in 20 acres
in Moston and Chadderton against Geoffrey
de Chadderton ; De Banco R. 10, m. 35.
Chadderton is not noticed in the settle-
ment of Geoffrey de Chadderton's estate
in 1278, unless the 'Couentre' is a mis-
take for it ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 153. Geoffrey de Chadder-
ton was a juror in 1282 ; Inq. and Extents,
i, 244. In 1291 Thomas de Cowlishaw
complained that Geoffrey de Chadderton,
the chief lord, had deprived him of com-
mon of pasture in 100 acres of moor in
Chadderton, appertaining to Thomas's free
tenement in Foxdenton ; but he did not
succeed ; Assize R. 1294, m. 9. In the
same year Geoffrey de Chadderton made
a claim against William son of Robert de
Staynringes, and Christiana his wife, re-
specting his hereditary estate ; ibid. m.
1 1 d. The defendants may have been the
William de la Hacking and Christiana his
wife of the fine above referred to.

V Henry son of Henry son of Richard
de Trafford claimed the manor of Chad-
derton against Henry de Chadderton, on
the ground that his grandfather had de-
mised it to the defendant while of unsound
mind. As in relating he claimed against
Geoffrey de Chadderton, the defendant

116

Henry was acquitted ; Assize R. 408, m.
40 d.

18 Inq. and Extents, i, 313.

In 1301 Geoffrey de Chadderton was
one defendant to a plea of novel disseisin ;
and Geoffrey son of Geoffrey de Chadder-
ton, was a defendant in another case ;
Assize R. 1321, m. 3. In 1304 Geoffrey
de Chadderton the elder claimed certain
lands as his inheritance against Adam de
Rossendale and Margery his wife ; Assize
R. 419, m. 4. In the following year
Geoffrey de Chadderton called upon Henry
son of Henry de Trafford to warrant him
in the possession of certain lands in Chad-
derton claimed by the rector of Prestwich ;
De Banco R. 153, m. 292 d.

Between 1301 and 1305 Geoffrey de
Chadderton and Joan his wife acquired an
estate in An coats ; Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 250 ; Final Cone, ii, I. Geoffrey de
Chadderton and Geoffrey his son attested
a Royton charter in 1310. Geoffrey,
perhaps the younger, was living in 1318,
when Richard his son is mentioned ;
Mamecestre, loc. cit. He died before 1320,
in which year his son William held Fox-
denton ; ibid. 279.

19 The descent here followed is that re-
corded in the inquisition of 1408, recited
in 1511 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv,
96. Geoffrey de Chadderton had several
other sons, e.g., Alexander and Roger ;
Assize R. 1435, m. 37. They had lands
in Moston and Nuthurst in 1320 ; Mame-
cestre, 279. Alexander was living in 1329 ;
Assize R. 427, m. 3.

William de Chadderton, who, as shown
above, succeeded before 1320, was in 1332
among the plaintiffs regarding land in
Chadderton and Oldham ; Assize R. 1411,
m. I2d. In the same year Margery,
widow of William de Chadderton, contri-
buted to the subsidy ; Exch, Lay Sub.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 30.

^John de Radcliffe, 'the parson's son
of Bury,' and Margery his wife were
plaintiffs respecting waste in Chadderton
against John de Huxley and Beatrice his
wife in 1367, and against Sir Henry de
Trafford in 1369 ; De Banco R. 426, m,
35 5 435> m- I26- Margery seems to
have been living in 1386 ; Def. Keeper's
Rep. xl, App. 525, 526.

SALFORD HUNDRED

caster by the fourth part of a knight's fee, and by 3/.
yearly (for sake fee) and zs. for ward of Clitheroe
Castle.21

The heir, John, grandson of Margery, was only
fourteen years of age in 1407. He proved his age
in 141 5,22 was made a knight, and was living in 1431
when he made a settlement
of his manor of Chadderton,
his wife at that time being
Elizabeth.23 His heir, a son
Richard, died in 1436," leav-
ing a son a little over a year
old, "and three daughters, Joan,
Margery, and Elizabeth, who
succeeded their brother and
divided the inheritance among
them. Joan married Edmund
Ashton, of the Ashton-under-
Lyne family; their descendants,
the Ashtons of Chadderton
Hall, held the manor till the end of the 1 7th century.
Margery married Ralph Standish of Standish, and a
third of the manor long remained in the possession of
this family. Elizabeth married Robert Radcliffe of
the Ordsall family, and their descendants settled at
Foxdenton.

Joan Ashton died in August 1478 ; her husband
Edmund continued in possession of her third part of
the manor until his death in March 1489—90 ; their
grandson Edmund son of John was then eleven years
of age. The mesne lordship of the Traffords, ignored

ASHTON of Chadder-
ton. Argent a mullet
sable pierced of the field.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

in some preceding inquisitions, was now exercised,
Sir John Traffbrd taking the wardship of the heir.16
Edmund Ashton married Janet, one of the daughters
and co-heirs of Sir James Harrington," and died on
5 March 1542-3, leaving a son and heir James, then
forty-eight years of age. In addition to the third
part of Chadderton, he held the manor of Shuttle-
worth, and lands in Chadderton, Shuttleworth,
Oldham, and Rochdale.28 James Ashton died
25 August 1549 ; his son Edmund, married in his
grandfather's lifetime to Anne daughter of Ralph
Prestwich, was over twenty-eight years of age.29
This son Edmund left the family estate unaltered at
his death in August 1584, and was succeeded by his
son James, forty-nine years old.30 A pedigree was re-
corded in I567.31

James Ashton married Dorothy, one of the four
daughters and co-heirs of Sir Robert Langley of
Agecroft, and received with her the advowson of
Prestwich and various lands ; and although they died
without issue, the Ashton family appear to have re-
tained Dorothy's share of the Langley property.
James Ashton was sheriff in 1590-1." At his death
in 1612, he was succeeded by his brother Richard's
son Edmund, only eleven years of age.S3 He served
as sheriff in 1627-8." He fought on the king's
side in the Civil War, being one of those who sur-
rendered at Oxford in 1646, and afterwards com-
pounded for his estate." He died early in 1650,
leaving a son James,38 who had a family of nine chil-
dren. The eldest son, Edmund, was stated to be

31 Inquisition recited, as above stated,
in Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 96.
The clear value was 20 marks. The
other Chadderton estate named is a plough-
land in Witton.

John de Radcliffe seems to have mar-
ried a second time ; for the feoffees of
John son of Roger de Barlow in 1405
granted lands in Manchester and Spotland
to John de Radcliffe for life, with remain-
ders to Robert, Alice, Jemima, Joan,
Ellen, and Elizabeth, his children — prob-
ably by Margery de Barlow, after whose
death the trustees had them.

22 He was born 26 Jan. 1392-3, at
Medecroft, and baptized in Bury Church,
the sponsors being John de RadclifFe of
Chadderton and Margaret del Heap ; Dtp.
Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 543.

23 Final Cone, iii, 97. Elizabeth, the
widow of Sir John, died 1 5 Aug. 1442 ;
her daughter and heir was Margaret, wife
of Sir Geoffrey Radcliffe, then aged about
thirty years ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1489.

24 The writs of Diem clausit extr. after
the deaths of Sir John de Radcliffe of
Chadderton and of Richard his son were
respectively issued on 7 Oct. and 13 Nov.
1436 ; Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 37.

25 The inq. p.m. is in Towneley MS.
DD, no. 1487 ; in this the mesne lordship
of Sir Edmund Trafford is recognized ;
the clear value of the manor wa» £30.
Richard and Elizabeth his wife had jointly
held messuages and lands in Spotland.

26 Two records remain ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. iii, 74, 80. In the former, Edmund
Ashton is stated to have died 20 Mar.
1489-90 ; in the latter, on 29 Aug. 1488.
The third part of the manor and lordship
of Chadderton, with ten messuages, 200
acres of land, &c., were held of the king
as Duke of Lancaster by the third part of
the fourth part of a knight's fee, and were
worth £20 a year clear Sir John Traf-

ford sold the marriage of the heir to Ed-
ward Ashton, clerk, and other members
of the family, for £46 13*. ±d. The
inquisitions seem to have been taken, on
the heir's coming of age, in 1500 and
1501, and to have been connected with
the Traffords" mesne lordship and its
appurtenant right of wardship and mar-
riage. This mesne lordship having been
ignored in the inquisition the king, as
duke, put in a claim to the £4.6 131. $d. ;
to the ' utter undoing ' of the said Edward
Ashton and the others ; Duchy Plead. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 47. The mat-
ter again came up in the cases of Thomas
Radcliffe and Ralph Standish, in 1511 and
1512 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, 96 ;
iii, 2.

V The agreement for the marriage was
made in 1491 ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.),
bdle. 3, no. 47. On the division of the
Harrington of Wolfage estates' in 1517
James Ashton of Chadderton, son of Janet,
received lands in Brixworth valued at
£15 151. a year, as his portion ; Norris
D. (B.M.).

28 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. viii, 4 5
the rent of i zd. for sake fee is mentioned.
Edward Ashton, brother of Edmund, had
the manor of Shuttleworth for life.

James Ashton had special livery of his
lands in 1545 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix,
App. 550. A detailed account of his
possessions at the time is among the Raines
D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 4, no. 60.

29 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 29.
The provision for the son's wife is recorded
in the previous inquisition.

Edmund son of James Ashton had
special livery in 1550 ; Dep, Keeper's Rep.
xxxix, App. 550.

80 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, 66.
A settlement of the manor, &c., was im-
mediately made by James Ashton ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 56, m. 33.

The will of Edmund Ashton, dated
1583, is printed in Piccope, Wills (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 169, 170.

. 81 Visit, of 1567 (Chet. Soc.), p. 20;
this records the marriage of James Ashton.

82 P.R.O. List, 73.

88 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 224.

Annuities of £10 each were settled
on Richard Ashton in 1569, and on Ed-
mund Ashton in 1577, by their father
Edmund and elder brother James ; Raines
D. (Chet. Lib.), bdle. 4, no. 65, 66. The
will of James Ashton is printed in Shaw,
Oldham, 53. Richard Ashton died in May
1609, holding lands in Oldham ; his wife
Anne survived him, and his son Edmund
was eight years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 145.

In addition to their lands the Ashtons
had a lease of the tithes of Oldham cha-
pelry, and presented to the curacy ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 112.

84 P.R.O. List, 73. A settlement of
his third part of the manor was made in
1624; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 103,
no. 1 8. He paid ^25 in 1631 on declin-
ing knighthood ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 216. An early will (1623)
of his is printed in Shaw, Oldham, 63.

84 Roy. Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 91 ; he had taken the
National Covenant and the Negative
Oath.

86 James Ashton of Chadderton was
buried at Oldham I May 1651. John
Vicars in Dagon Demolished says about
Mr. Ashton that he was ' once a desperate
Malignant in the first war against the
Parliament, but afterwards, having made
his peace, taken the Engagement, and
turned a great stickler for the present
times, was made a justice of peace and
became one of Mr. Constantine's greatest
enemies,'sequestered his benefice(Oldham),

seventeen years of age in 1664, when a pedigree was

recorded.37 The ultimate heir of the Chadderton

estates was the youngest son,

William, born about 1649,

who was rector of Carlton in

Lindrick and of Prestwich till

his death in 1731. He sold

the family inheritance, but left

a considerable fortune, divided

between his daughters, Kathe-

rine, wife of John Blackburne

of Orford, and Dorothy, wife

of Sir Darcy Lever of Alk-

rington.*8

Chadderton Hall, with its
third part of the manor, was
purchased in 1684 by Joshua
Horton of Sowerby, Yorkshire,
who came to reside here.39

HORTON of Chadder-
ton, baronet. Gules a
lion rampant argent
charged on the breast
ivith a boar's head coup-
ed azure, a bordure en-
grailed of the second.

His son Thomas, sometime Governor of the Isle of

Man, was succeeded by his

son William, high sheriff in

1 7 64,*° when he was made a

baronet. He died ten years

later, his son Sir Watts Horton

succeeding.41 On his death

in 1811, Chadderton went

to his brother, the Rev. Sir

Thomas Horton,42 and on his

death without sons to Sir

Watts's only daughter, Harriet

Susanna Anne, who married

Major Charles Rees of Kil-

maenllwyd, Carmarthenshire,

and died in 1827, leaving a

son Horton and two daughters.

Major Rees or Rhys retained

Chadderton till his death in

1852. It was sold to the Lees

of Clarksfield family in 1865,

and the trustees of the late

Colonel Edward Brown Lees

are the present owners. No

manor is now claimed.43

Chadderton Hall44 is a brick-built 18th-century
house with stone dressings, the principal front facing
south with projecting end wings, connected on the
ground story by a well-designed classic screen of
coupled Tuscan columns carrying entablature and
balustrade. The design is one of some merit, and
together with the stables and other outbuildings which
are built at right angles on either side, forms a good
architectural whole. The roofs have flat hips and
are covered with green slates, and the window bars
and the sashes remain. The interior contains a good
staircase with rich renaissance detail. Of the appear-
ance of the former old hall nothing is known, but the
house was probably rebuilt in its present form about the
middle of the 1 8th century by Sir William Horton.44*
The grounds are now used as pleasure gardens.

Of the third part of the manor held by the
Standishes of Standish little can be said. The
family do not seem to have resided here, but the
share is duly mentioned in inquisitions44 and settle-

CHADDERTON HALL

banished him,and otherwise persecuted him.
His death, by ' such a languishing sickness
as made him daily pine away, so as no
means or physic could help him,' was
regarded as a divine punishment, and it
happened the day before or day after
Mr. Constantine was to have appeared
before him, as justice 5 Local Gleanings
Lanes, and Cbes. ii, 17.

«7 Dugdale, Vhit. (Chet. Soc.), 18.

Edmund Ashton is said to have been
killed in a duel 17 March 1664-5 > he
was gentleman of the bedchamber to the
Duke of York, and lieut.-colonel in the
Horse Guards ; Butterworth, Oldham, 157.
The story must be false, for Edmund
Ashton, having attained his majority,
appeared by proxy at Ightenhill manor
court on 15 April 1665, to be admitted
to lands at Padiham previously held by
his grandfather Edmund ; Raines D.
(Chet. Lib.), bdle. 8. The age, as re-
corded by Dugdale, may therefore be some
years too little.

Edmund Ashton was still living in 1684,
when he concurred with the other lords
of the manor in granting leave 'to dig,
delve, search for and get coals, to sink,
tunnel, and make pit shafts,' &c., on the

North Moor, on the west side of the Mere
Ditch; Shaw, Oldham, 188.

88 See the account of him among the
rectors of Prestwich. By his will (1728)
he made provision for the payment of
,£4,000, the marriage portion of his daugh-
ter Dorothy ; and by a codicil (1731) left
to her and her son Ashton Lever, and
the heirs male, his chapel in Prestwich
Church.

89 These particulars are from the Horton
pedigrees in Burke's Commoners, i, 284,
with later particulars from Landed Gentry,
under De Ferry of Kilmaenllwyd ; G.E.C.
Complete Baronetage, v, 128 ; Shaw, Old-
ham, 193, &c., and Canon Raines in
Notitia Cestr. (1849), "> rl4"

William, son of Joshua Horton of
Chadderton and Mary his wife, was bap-
tized at Oldham 12 October 1686. Other
children were also baptized there, showing
that the family resided.

40 P.R.O. List, 74.

41 He was high sheriff in 1775. There
was a recovery of the third part of the
manor in 1778, Sir Watts Horton being
tenant ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 628, m.
7<j. Sir Watts Horton's conciliatory con-
duct at a time of bread riots in Oldham is

118

described in E. Butterworth's Hist, of
Oldham (ed. 1856), 138.

43 Sir Thomas was the owner in 1817 ;
Butterworth, Oldham, 155. He died in
1821.

A large number of letters and papers of
the Ashton and Horton families came
into the possession of Canon Raines, and
are now in the Chetham Library, vols.
xxxii-xxxv of his MSS.

48 Information of Mr. Thomas Hey-
wood.

44 A view of the hall (1794), with a
short description, is given in Dr. Aikin's
Country Round Manch. 24 1 .

44a Raines" notes to Gastrell's Notitia
(Chet. Soc. xix).

45 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 126;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 76 ;
after the death of Margery, wife of Ralph
Standish and then of Thomas Radcliffe,
one of the daughters and heirs of Richard
Radcliffe of Chadderton, who died in May
1476 seised of the third part of the manor
and various lands and messuages held of
the king as of his duchy of Lancaster by
knight's service, Sir Alexander her son
was heir. Sir Alexander died in 1507
holding the same third by the same ser-

SALFORD HUNDRED

ments down to 1660.** Two years later it was sold,
with Royton, to Thomas Percival and his brother
Richard, and descended with
Royton for some time.47

In 1787 Thomas Butter-
worth Bayley of the Hope
in Pendleton was one of the
chief landowners.48

FOXDENTON,^ the fami-
ly seat, gives a name to the
third of the manor which be-
longed to Elizabeth Radclyffe
and descended to her son
William, who died in 1507,
leaving as heir his son Thomas,
then six months old. In this
case also the wardship was
claimed by the Traffords in right of their mesne

RADCLYFFK of Fox-
denton. Argent nvo
bends engrailed sable, a
label of three points gules.

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

manor.50 In 1567 Thomas Radcliffe made a settle-
ment of his manor, and dying in the same year was
succeeded by his son William, then forty years of
age." William, who forfeited the manor to his brother
John in ten years," died in 1 590 without issue. John,
dying in 1587, was succeeded by his daughter Mar-
garet,53 who at her death in I 590 was also the heir of
her uncle William ; she married Richard Radcliffe
of Newcroft, a younger son of Sir William Radcliffe of
Ordsall, and left as heir a son William, nine years of
age in I59I.54 He was living in 1642, when he
made a settlement of his estates.*5 He left three sons,
one of whom, Sir William, fought on the king's side
in the Civil War, and was knighted.56 He was with
Lord Hopton's force when it capitulated at Truro
in l646.57 He died soon afterwards, and was
succeeded by his brother Alexander,58 but the
ultimate heirs were two daughters — Mary, who

vice ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 25.
Ralph his son and heir in 1512 came
forward to correct the finding of the in-
quest, stating the descent of the manor
and establishing the Traffords' mesne
lordship ; ibid, iii, 2.

In 1540 the king granted the Earl of
Derby an annual rent of 20 marks issuing
from the third part of the manor of Chad-
derton, together with the wardship and
marriage of Ralph son and heir of Alex-
ander Standish, a minor ; Duchy of Lane.
Misc. Bks. xxii, 161 d. Edward Standish
in 1556 sought a division of 100 acres of
land, &c., which he held in Chadderton
jointly with Thomas Radcliffe of Fox-
denton ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 202, m.
13. About the same time Mary Standish,
widow, complained of the interruption of
a road between Chadderton and Alkring-
ton ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 305.
Edward Standish, who died in 1610, held
the third part of the manor ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 18$.
In this and other inquisitions the service
is erroneously stated as the third part of a
knight's fee, instead of the third part of a
fourth part.

44 E.g. Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 75,
no. 1 1 (1610); bdle. Si, no. 8 (1613); bdle.
121, no. 5 (1632); bdle. 165, no. 8 (1660).

*1 Shaw, Oldham, 157. The Standish
inheritance seems to have been sold piece-
meal. In 1668 Edward Standish sold land,
&c., to various tenants ; ibid. 169.

48 Land Tax returns at Preston. The
other principal contributors were Sir Watt*
Horton and Mr. Radclyffe's executors.

49 As above stated, Gilbert de Barton
sold his right in Chadderton to the superior
lord, Edmund de Lacy, about 125$. Fox-
denton, however — or Denton simply, as it
was anciently called — was not included in
this sale, but transferred to the Grelleys,
lords of Manchester, and held of them by
the Chadderton family — e.g. by Geoffrey
de Chadderton in 1282, and by William
de Chadderton in 1320, as i oxgang, by
the rent of id. ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents,
i, 247 ; Mamecestre, 279. From this time
Foxdenton seems to have merged again in,
Chadderton, its connexion with Man-
chester being forgotten.

Gilbert de Barton granted to the canons
of Coekersand land in Denton, with the
usual easements in the vills of Chadderton
and Denton, and acquittance of pannage
for their pigs in the wood of Lyme. The
bounds recited mention Ridley Syke,
Blacklache, the Church land, Hazelhead
Brook, and Ripley Brook ; Coekersand
Chartul. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 732.

50 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 139;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 36 ; iv, 96.
From this it appears that Elizabeth had
married again, and in 1497 §ave John
Duncalf for life a messuage and 40 acres
in Chadderton. William Radcliffe's feoff-
ment, made shortly before his death, is
recited, making provision for his various
children. Two of these, John and Roger,
were illegitimate, and their lands reverted
at their death in 1527 and 1528 to
Thomas Radcliffe ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. vi, 60.

The inquisition after William Radcliffe
is also recorded in Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
113, m. 19, in connexion with the Traf-
ford claim to the wardship of the heir.
At m. 1 8 is the Standish case.

Margery Kirke, widow of William
Radcliffe of Chadderton, died in 1521,
Thomas the son and heir being then
described as over sixteen years of age ;
she had held eight messuages, 40 acres of
land, &c., in the township ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. v, 38.

61 Ibid, xi, 25. The settlement re-
cited in it granted the manor, after the
death of Thomas, to the use of his eldest
son William for sixty years, then to the
use of any wife of William for her life,
then to any son of the said William and
his heirs male ; then to the second and
third sons of Thomas in the same way.
William was to 'leave and forbear the
company of Margery Hawkirk, with
whom he was suspected to lead an un-
godly life,' and within ten years marry
' such gentlewoman or other woman being
of honest name and fame,' approved by
the trustees ; see ibid, iii, 13.

The will of Thomas Radcliffe is
printed in Piccope's Wills (Chet. Soc. ),ii,
163-4 ; his sons William and John, and
daughters {Catherine, Ellen, Margaret,
Elizabeth, and Anne, are named, and three
bastard children. He desired to be buried
in Oldham Church, near his wife.

52 In accordance with the father's set-
tlement.

53 Inq. p.m. last cited, and xiv, 54.
John Radcliffe, who was ' of Gisburn,' in
1580, in consideration of the marriage
between his daughter Margaret and
Richard Radcliffe of Newcroft, gave his
manor and lands in Chadderton to trus-
tees for their benefit. John had various
disputes with his elder brother William
(see Ducatus Lane. [Rec. Com.], iii, 177,
512), who in 1589 laid claim to the
estate, but seems to have been defeated.
William made settlements of the third
part of the manor, with various mes-

suages, water-mills and dovecotes, lands,
&c., in Chadderton, Foxdenton, Oldham,
and Glodwick, in 1587 and 1588 ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 49, m. 54 ; 50, m.
118.

William Radcliffe died 30 June 1590,
holding two messuages, &c., in Glod-
wick, his heir being his niece Margaret ;
ibid, xv, m. 23. His nuncupative will is
printed in Wills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i,
108. He left his goods to his wife and
his son Walter.

54 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xv, 25.
She died 28 November 1590. There were
a younger son and six daughters, of whom
one grew up. Her husband died 13
January 1602-3, an(* was buried in Flix-
ton Church, where there is a brass.

45 He granted to Sir Alexander Rad-
cliffe of Ordsall and other trustees his
capital messuage of Denton and the manor
of Chadderton, with the demesne lands ;
the coal mines at Huntclough ; part of a
water corn - mill and two kilns, and
various tenements ; the capital messuage
called Newcroft in Urmston ; for the use
of his son and heir Robert, with remain-
der to younger sons William and Alexan-
der. The father reserved to himself
rooms at Foxdenton and an annuity of
£40, and made provision for his younger
sons and his daughters — Margaret, Eliza-
beth, Susan, and Mary ; Shaw, Oldham,

93-

56 He was made a knight in the field,
at the pursuit of Essex's army, i Septem-
ber, 1 644 ; Metcalfe, Knights, 202.

*7 He had a colonel's commission from
Prince Charles. After the surrender he
had leave to return to Foxdenton, Lord
Fairfax reporting that he was ' very civil
and fair in his demeanour,' the country
commending him 'for preserving them
often from the injuries which they were
subject unto by the unruly soldiers.' His
estates were, of course, sequestered by the
Parliament, but he compounded, stating
the annual value of the estates as £235,
and claiming a mitigation of the fine on
the ground that he was neither ' a papist
in arms,' nor a participant in the ' rebel-
lion of Ireland.' He made his will in
1647, desiring to be buried in Oldham
Church, and making provision for his
wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Rowland
Egerton of Farthinghoe ; Shaw, Oldham
96-8, 103-8. Dame Elizabeth's will,
dated 1650, is printed ibid. 116, 117.

58 In 1652 a settlement was made by
Alexander Radcliffe and Mary his wife ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 152, m. 6$.
The remainders, after his issue, were to

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

married John Byrom of Salford, and Susan, who
married Alexander Potter of Manchester.59 These
ladies bequeathed Foxdenton to their distant cousin
Alexander Radcliffe, great-great-great-grandson of the
Sir William Radcliffe of Ordsall from whom they
were descended.60

In this branch of the family — the spelling Radclyffe
being used — Foxdenton has descended to the present
time.61 Alexander was duly succeeded by his son,
grandson, and great-grandson, each named Robert.
The last of them, dying in 1854, had a son and heir
Charles James, who was in 1882 followed by his son
Mr. Charles James Radclyffe, born in 1839, of Fox-

denton and Hyde near Wareham.61 Foxdenton ceased
to be the family residence about a century ago.63

The hall is a plain classic building with projecting
end wings and steep hipped roofs, erected probably
about the beginning of the i8th century. The first
hall was described as a ' noble and lofty edifice of the
1 6th century fronting northerly, with two wings,
overlooking a beautiful lawn.' ^ Of this house, how-
ever, nothing remains, and a stone under the steps of
the present hall on the north side, which bears the
date 1620, together with the initials W.R. and the
Radcliffe coat of arms, seems to indicate a rebuilding
of some portion of the house at the date mentioned.631*

FOXDENTON HALL

Susan, then wife of Alexander Potter of
Foxdenton, to Mary Radcliffe, to Sir
Alexander Radcliffe of Ordsall, &c. ;
Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), 4/72. See also
Cal. Com. for Compounding, ii, 1445. He
died about eighteen months after this, for
his widow Mary joined in a mortgage of
Foxdenton in 1654; Shaw, Oldham, 146.
By this time his sister Mary was the wife
of John Byrom of Salford.

A fine respecting a third part of the
manors of Glodwick, Oldham, and Chad-
derton in 1662 may relate to the Radcliffe
inheritance ; the deforciants were John
Deane and Magdalen his wife ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 168, m. 118.

59 Major Byrom and Dr. Potter were in
possession in 1667, when the manor court
allowed John Hall, with their permission,
to build a cottage, which might stand 'so
long as those who live therein do not beg,
but labour for their living ' ; Shaw, op.
cit. 169.

60 The Potters resided at Foxdenton.
In 1681 Alexander Potter was assessed
there; ibid. 186. He and his wife made
a demise of their moiety of Foxdenton in

1684 ; ibid. 192. He died in 1691, aged
eighty-eight, and was buried in Oldham
Church ; ibid. 205. His widow was buried
there 25 January 1696-7 ; ibid. 218.

In 1692 there was a recovery of Mary
Byrom's moiety of the manor ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 228, m. 97.

On ii May 1693 Susan Potter of Fox-
denton and Mary Byrom of Salford, widows,
made their wills, devising Foxdenton and
other estates to trustees, for the benefit of
John, grandson of Sir Alexander Radcliffe
of Ordsall, and then of Alexander, elder
son of Captain Robert Radcliffe, late of
Withenshaw — he was killed in a duel in
1686 ; Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby), iii,
617 — and his sons in tail male ; then of
Edward, younger son of Robert, &c. ;
Shaw, Oldham, pp. 210-13. Alexander
was at this time about fifteen years of age.

Abstracts of a number of Radclyffe
leases from 1707 onwards are printed in
Shaw's Oldham, pp. 243, &c. On 6 Janu-
ary 1725-6 Alexander Radclyffe of Fox-
denton leased to Edmund Radclyffe the
messuage called Cowper's Tenement,
wood and timber and mines of coal

J2O

and stone being excepted, but with
reasonable hedgebote, &c. The rent was
to be 2 if., one day's ploughing (or
41. dd,\ the carriage of twenty baskets
of coal to Foxdenton Hall (or 21. fid.), one
day leading dung (or 21. 6</.), four days'
' shearing ' in harvest (or 21. 8^.), three
days' harrowing (or 35.), two fat hens (or
ii. 4</.), at death the best beast ; two young
oaks or ashes were to be planted each
year ; ibid. 284. A ' fifteenth ' levied in
1720 is printed on p. 272.

A settlement was made in 1730 by
Alexander Radclyffe, Elizabeth his wife,
and Robert Radclyffe ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 305, m. 97.

61 Robert Radclyffe paid a duchy rent of
21. in 1779 ; Duchy of Lane. Rentals,
14/25 m.

62 For pedigrees see Burke's Commoners,
iv, 399 ; Landed Gentry ,• Foster, Lanes.
Pedigrees.

63 Butterworth says ' some time since,'
writing in 1817 ; Oldham, 146.

63a Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Sac. xi, 1 62.
63b Ibid. The stone was probably a
doorhead.

SALFORD HUNDRED

The sash windows retain their wooden bars, and the
elevation has a certain dignity now much impaired by
neglect and change of surroundings. A gatehouse,
named in the year 1651, has now disappeared. eae

Manor courts were held in the iyth century by
the three lords jointly, as it would appear.64

The church at Prestwich had land in Chadderton
of the gift of Gilbert de Barton ; a moiety of it was
granted by Robert the rector to Richard son of Gil-
bert de Scolecroft.65 The Hospitallers also had land
in the township,65 and grants to Stanlaw and Cocker-
sand Abbey will be found recorded in the notes.67

Apart from the lords of the manor there were not
any freeholders of note before the I7th century.68
About that time the Scholes family came into notice ;
they held land in Okeden or Ogden of the lords of the
manor.69 The mills are mentioned in several ancient
deeds.70 Matthew Fold is mentioned in 1691."

PRESTWICH WITH
OLDHAM

John Ashton of Cowhill was one of the victims of
the ' Peterloo Massacre' in 1819."

There are several places of worship in Chadder-
ton.73 The earliest in connexion with the Established
Church — St. Margaret's, Hollinwood — is now in Old-
ham. It was followed by St. Matthew's, 1 848-5 7 ;
the Crown and the Bishop of Manchester present
alternately.74 Then came Christ Church in 1870,
the patronage being vested in five trustees ; it has a
chapel of ease called Emmanuel, and some mission
rooms.75 St. Luke's, to which the Bishop of Man-
chester collates, was built in 1888 : the district was
taken from St. Matthew's.

The Wesleyan Methodists have churches at Chad-
derton Fold and Middleton Junction, and a preach-
ing room at Cowhill.

The Baptists have a chapel at Mills Hill, on the
border of Tonge.

63C Raines* notes to Gastrell's Notitia
(Chet. Soc. xix). Raines notes in 1849
that numerous family portraits still hung
in the house.

64 Oldham Notes and Gleanings, ii, 223,
from Raines MSS. xxiv, 107.

65 Hornby Chapel D. The bounds de-
scribed began on the east side of the springs,
and mention the land of Robert de Hulton,
the lache under Lonesedge, Romesdene,
Hennerode; Ytheyc; andTinte Carr. The
rent payable was id.

By another grant the parson of Prest-
wich gave to Robert son of Gilbert de
Scolecroft and his heirs by Amaria daugh-
ter of Peter de Hopwood all the land in
Chadderton granted in pure alms by
Gilbert de Barton to God and B. Mary of
Prestwich at a rent of zs. ; Booker, Prest-
ivich, 250 ; Agecroft D. 5.

Richard de Scolecroft, son of Gilbert
son of Wllet, granted to his son Alan the
half of the land he had purchased from
Sir Gilbert de Barton, and to hold as
freely as the grantor had held it of the
rectors of Prestwich ; Booker, op. cit. 252.
The bounds of this land ate identical with
those of the first-mentioned deed, so that
Gilbert de Barton, after selling to the
Scolecrofts, had granted his lordship to
Prestwich Church. Then Alan son of
Richard de Scolecroft gave this land to his
brother Robert ; ibid. 251.

William de Scolecroft in 1415 demised
his lands in Chadderton to Robert de
Buckley for five years ; Raines D. (Chet.
Lib.), 3/35.

The family took their name from a
place in the north-west corner of the
township, now Scowcroft.

In 1304 Master William de Marklan,
the rector, claimed two messuages, 31
acres of land, and 7 acres of meadow in
Chadderton and Radcliffe as the free alms
pertaining to the church of Prestwich ;
the defendants, who held it as a lay fee,
were Richard de Radcliffe, Geoffrey de
Chadderton, Margery de Scolecroft, and
Adam her son ; De Banco R. 149, m. 255;
R. 158, m. 158 d, &c. Adam de Scole-
croft and Adam son of Amaria contributed
to the subsidy of 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 30.

66 It is mentioned in the list of their
lands in 1292 ; Plac. de Quo War. (Rec.
Com.), 375.

67 These monastic lands are probably
the lands in Chadderton held by Thomas
Holt of Gristehurst in 1560; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 46.

68 In 1537 the free tenants numbered
12, 13, and 19 in the Standish, Ashton,
and Radcliffe lordships; Shaw, Oldham, 13.

An assessment for the fifteenth in 1577
is printed in Oldham Notes and Gleanings,
iii, 61-3, from the Raines MSS. xxiv,
275. It gives the names of the contribu-
tors ranged under the three lordships.

69 ' For goods ' James Scholes contri-
buted to the subsidy of 1526 ; Shaw, Old-
ham, 1 6. William Scholes contributed to
that of 1541 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 145. Various members of
the family holding under the Standish
part of the manor paid to the fifteenth in
1577, John Scholes contributing as a
' mesne tenant ' ; Shaw, 29. John Scholes
died in 1589, holding a messuage and
23 acres called Okeden of the lords of the
manor in socage by a rent of 6J.t leaving
a son and heir John, aged over thirty-
eight in 1619 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 147. This
John Scholes died in 1630, holding the
same lands, and leaving as heir his son
William, over twenty-three years of age ;
Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.),
p. 1 08 1 -2. Robert Scholes contributed
to the subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (ut sup.),
i, 157. Richard and William Scholes
were two of the four presenting the names
of those liable to be assessed in Chadderton
in 1641 ; Shaw's Assessment, 14 ; see
also Shaw, Oldham, 153, 155, 171. 'The
late Mr. S. Scholes' s estate, near Earn-
shaw Lane,' which separates Moston and
Chadderton, is mentioned in Butterworth's
Oldham (1817), 165.

James Scholes, 1671, issued a half-penny
token ; Lane, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 75.

With regard to their holding it may be
noted that Richard de Okeden paid zs. zd.
to the subsidy of 1332; Exch. Lay Subs.
30.

The other 'mesne tenants' in 1577
were the Mill, James Whitehead, Henry

Brearley, and Francis Buckley. The
Whiteheads and Buckleys occur in other
lists. John son and heir of Richard
Chadderton in 1507 demised his tenement
called Colesha (Coldshaw) for twenty-one
years to Nicholas Whitehead and Margery
his wife ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), 4/48.

Stockfield (Hibbert) and Birchen Bower
(Robinson) are mentioned in 1817 as
recently seats of the owners ; Butter-
worth, op. cit. 162, 163.

7° In 1448 John Huntington, warden
of Manchester, was arbitrator in a dispute
between the rector of Prestwich and the
lords of Chadderton as to tithe of th« mill.
Elizabeth daughter of Richard de Rad-
cliffe, one of the co-heirs, was not then of
full age ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.), 3/40.

Twenty years later an agreement wag
made for the leasing of the ' old mill ' ;
Edmund Ashton, Thomas Radcliffe, and
Thomas Duncalf also agreed to make no
new mill during the term, but would re-
quire their tenants to grind at the old
one, as before ; ibid. 3/42.

The three lords in 1581 ordered their
tenants to grind at the Chadderton mill
and not elsewhere, under a fine of 6s. 8</.j
Shaw, Oldham, 31. Further orders were
made in 1 5 99 and 1617; Oldham Notes
and Gleanings, ii, 163 (from Raines MSS.
in Chet. Lib. xxiv, 58).

Edmund Ashton in 1 669 leased to James
Wilson of Poppythorn in Prestwich,
clothier, the fulling mill in Chadderton ;
Raines D.

7* James Taylor was the owner or
lessee ; Shaw, Oldham, 209.

72 E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856),
170.

73 The ' curate at Chadderton,' men-
tioned in 1622, was perhaps the curate of
Oldham ; later curates lived in Chadder-
ton ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 67. The name of the place may be
wrongly given.

74 Lond. Gam. 22 Oct. 1844. The
original building of 1848 — a temporary
one, of wood — was burnt down ; the pre-
sent church was consecrated 9 November
1857.

75 For district assigned, ibid. 28 Mar.
1871.

121

16

122

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

BURY

ELTON

HEAP

BURY

WALMERSLEY - WITH

SHUTTLEWORTH
TOTTINGTON HIGHER END

TOTTINGTON LOWER END
MUSBURY

COWPE, LENCH, NEWHALL
HEY, HALL CARR

The parish of Bury, of which two townships —
Cowpe-Lench and Musbury — lie in the hundred of
Blackburn, has an area of 24,915 acres. The Irwell
flows southward through the middle of it, and it is
bounded by hills on the east, west, and north, those
in Tottington attaining elevations of 1,200 to
1, 500 ft. The Carboniferous Rocks occur through-
out the parish. At Bury, Elton, and Red vales the
Coal Measures cover a considerable area ; elsewhere
the Lower Coal Measures occur, except between
Walmersley and Birtle, where the Millstone Grit is
thrown up by faults.

Anciently there were only two manors or town-
ships in the parish, but these were later subdivided,
the old ' hamlets ' becoming townships ; and in recent
years great changes have been made in the boundaries
to accord with the changes that have taken place in
the distribution of the population and the resulting
progress of local government. To the county lay of
1624 Bury and its hamlets paid £6 i6s. 6V., and
Tottington £3 8/. ^d., when the hundred contributed
j^ioo.1 To the fifteenth the payments respectively
were £z $*. ^d. and 15^. 8</. out of £41 \\s. \d?

There is evidence in the history of the town of
Bury of the disturbances raised by Adam Banastre in
the time of Edward II, Henry de Bury being killed by
his emissaries. Many people of the district no doubt
accompanied the Pilkingtons, whose fortified dwelling
stood in the town, to the foreign wars, as well as to
the fatal fields of Bosworth and Stoke. There were
also domestic wars nearer home ; for about 1447 a
number of the people of Butterworth and Spotland,
having gathered a company of sixty ' malefactors,' came
to Bury arrayed in manner of war, with a white
banner carried before them ; they then marched off
to Hundersfield in Rochdale, where the demonstra-
tion ended in the death of one Roger Smethley. It
seems to have been intended to intimidate the Holts.*

The Reformation appears to have passed by with-
out any resistance or opposition, the people here, as
in the neighbourhood, soon becoming favourable to
the Puritans. On a certain Sunday of July 1588
the town was disturbed by a number of Oldham men,
who, in time of divine service, made * foul disorders '
by galloping horses in the street, shouting and piping ;
*a lamentable spectacle in the place of preaching
ministry,' as the narrator remarks.4 About the same
time the mining industry comes into notice, by a
dispute concerning ' mines, delphs, and pits of coal.' '

The making of woollen yarn had been mentioned by
Leland fifty years earlier.

In the Civil War the lord of Bury took the lead on
the king's side, and the rector was also a Royalist,
while John Greenhalgh and Edward Nuttall dis-
tinguished themselves in the same cause. A conflict
is reported to have taken place close to the town of
Bury on 14 August i648.6 The restoration of
Charles II was cordially welcomed in Bury,7 but the
revolution appears to have been acquiesced in as
readily, and nothing is known of any Jacobite sym-
pathizers in the risings of the 1 8th century.

In 1798, during the French War, a volunteer
force was created under the name of the Loyal Bury
Volunteer Association.8 A rifle corps was formed in
1859, an^ l^e town is now ^e head quarters of the
5th Battalion Lancashire Fusiliers (Territorials).9

Bury has had its share in the great development of
Lancashire manufactures, and here, as elsewhere, dis-
tress in times of bad trade produced disturbances, of
which the most notable examples were the riots of
l826,10 and the ' plug drawing ' of 1842. The agri-
cultural land in the parish is now apportioned thus :
Arable land, 1,315 acres; permanent grass, 12,691 ;
woods and plantations, 61. The following are
details : —

Arable
acres

180

Grass Woods, &c.
acres acres

1,248 8

Elton

14-3

7 T

1,721 14-

Heywood ....
Tottington . . .
Ramsbottom . . .
Walmersley

T J

9°3
26

7
56

* / J

1,435 —
2,032 —

3,533 39
2,720 —

1 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 22.

2 Ibid. 1 8.

8 Pal. of Lane. Plea. R. n, m. 32.
4 Hist. AfSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,

572-

* Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 258.

6 B. T. Barton, Hist, of Bury, 35. The
•writer admits that the story is merely
traditional; the 'castle' is said to have
been finally destroyed at this time. It
was said that for many successive years
all the grain grown on the place of con-

flict in Bury Lane (now Bolton Street)
was ' streaked as if with gore,' due to the
blood shed there. Butcher Lane is said
to have been named from a butcher who,
being pursued in the fighting, made his
horse leap across both the hedges border-
ing the lane ; ibid. 44. The name, how-
ever, occurs earlier.

It may be added that the History quoted
was a compilation from earlier writers and
was issued in 1874. The author died in
1896.

123

The worthies of the parish include Henry Dunster,
1609-59, the first president of Harvard ; Captain
William Kay, who took part in the defence of Lathom
House in 1644, and died a prisoner for debt in
Lancaster Castle in 1670 ; Edward Rothwell, a Non-
conformist divine, who ministered in Bury, Holcombe,
and the district, and died in 1731 ; John Warburton,
1682-1759, book collector ; Josiah Nuttall, naturalist,
1771-1849; John Ainsworth, local historian, born
near Chamber Hall, 1777-1858 ; 10a James Bateman,
botanist, born at Redvales in 1811, and died at
Worthing in 1897 ; Sir James Phillips Kay-Shuttle-
worth, bart., a founder of the system of school inspec-
tion, 1804-77; his brother, Sir Edward Ebenezer
Kay, judge, 1822-97 ; Sir John Holker, politician

7 For an account of the festivities see
Manch. Guardian Local N. and Q. no.
577, quoting Parl. Intelligence, no. 27
(2 July 1660).

8 Barton, Bury, 71.

9 There is a full account of the local
force in T. H. Hayhurst, Bury and
Rossendale Volunteer Movement (Bury
1887).

lu Barton, op. cit. 163.

lOa Bury Library Quart. July 1906,

P-55-

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and judge, 1828-82 ; and Sir William Hardman,
1828-90, sometime Recorder of Kingston and editor
of the Morning Post. Lives of most of them will be
found in the Dictionary of National Biography. Others
are noticed in the different townships.

The church of ST*. MART stands in
CHURCH the centre of the town, to the north of
the market-place, on an ancient site, but
is itself a modern building erected entirely in the
I gth century. A church is said to have been built
here in the 1 3th century, and restored or rebuilt
about 1535; but it had fallen into a state of decay
by the middle of the i8th century, and in the year
1773 was taken down, with the exception of the tower,
and a new building erected between the years 1773
and 1780. Old prints show this church to have been
rectangular in plan, with a square projecting chancel,
built in pseudo-Gothic style, with two tiers of pointed
windows, straight parapets, and drafted angle quoins.
The tower, which is described in 1829 as an 'old
small semi-spire steeple ' detracting from the appear-
ance of the church," having been damaged in 1839,
was taken down four years later, and the present
tower and broach spire built in 1844—5. The i8th-
century church stood till 1870, when the chancel
was taken down and the present one begun ; but in
the course of reconstruction the whole of the old
building was declared to be unsafe, and was pulled
down in 1872. The present handsome church was
erected between 1870 and 1876, Mr. F. S. Crowther
being the architect, and consists of an apsidal chancel
56 ft. 6 in. long by 27 ft. 8 in. wide, with south chapel
and north vestry, nave 84ft. 6 in. long by 3 oft. wide,
with north and south aisles and south porch. The
tower of 1 845 was retained at the west end, and is
joined on to the new church by a wide narthex ex-
tending the whole width of the nave and aisles, to
which it is open by three arches. The building is of
stone, in the style of the I4th century, with lofty
clearstory and roof, quite overshadowing the tower
and spire, which, though too big for the church as it
was before 1870, is now too small. The interior is
partly lined with bricks, and is a fine example of
modern Gothic work. The height of the chancel is

Institution

oc. 1189 . .
bef. 1226 .

Name

Peter the Chaplain *°
Henry" ....

63 ft., and that of the nave 76ft. The fittings, like
the structure, are all modern, and there is nothing
about the building of antiquarian interest.

The churchyard was enlarged in 1843, and closed
for interments in 1855. It is paved with headstones
laid flat, and has an 18th-century pedestal sundial on
the north side.

There is a ring of eight bells, six by A. Rudhall of
Gloucester, 1722, recast by Mears & Stainbank, and
the two trebles by Taylor & Co., of Loughborough,
1892."*

The plate is all modern, and consists of two chalices
of 1 8 60- 1, two patens of the same date, and a silver
bread-box given by Archdeacon Blackburne. One of
the patens is inscribed ' The gift of Elizabeth Plant,
relict of Thomas Plant, to the church of Bury,' and
the other * The gift of Mary Hutchinson, relict of
William Hutchinson, to the church of Bury.' There
are also two large plated flagons given by the Rev.
James Bankes (rector 1710—43), and a plated paten.

The registers date from 1590 (baptisms 1590,
marriages and burials 1591), and have been printed, up
to 1698, by the Lancashire Parish Register Society."

There is a clock and chimes in the tower, given in
1903 by Mr. Henry Whitehead, High Sheriff of
Lancashire.

The church of Bury is known to
ADVQWSQN have existed at the end of the I2th
century. The patronage has always
descended with the lordship of the manor,13 the Earl
of Derby now having the right of presentation. In
1291 the income was taxed at 20 marks,14 but fifty
years later the ninth of sheaves, wool, &c., was only
worth half that sum, Bury proper contributing
IO2/. 2^., and the moiety of Tottington 3 1/. 2<^.15
The gross value of the rectory in 1534 was returned
as £30 6s. 8</.16 Nearly two centuries later it was
given as about £250.^ A large amount of the glebe
lying in the town of Bury, the rector was empowered
in 1764 to grant building leases for ninety-nine
years.18 This greatly enhanced the rector's income,
which in 1834 was nearly £2,000, and afterwards
increased. It is now given as £2,000. 19

The following is a list of the rectors : —

Patron

Cause of Vacancy

11 Jas. Butterworth, Bury, 1829.

The church of 1775 was thus described
in 1824 : 'The new building is spacious
and handsome, but the old small half-
spire steeple detracts from its appearance
and ought to have shared the fate of the
body of the church ; ' Baines, Lanes. Dir.
i, 577. Canon Raines on the other hand
says : 'In 1773 the nave of the church
was rebuilt in a debased style, and in
1843 the fine old tower and spire were
with difficulty razed and rebuilt ; ' Notitia
Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 28.

An organ was first placed in the church
in 1752 5 Barton, Bury, 298. This work
has a view of the church of 1775 as
frontispiece.

1]» These are recastings of two bells
added to the original ring of six in 1843.
The sixth and seventh bells are inscribed
with the initials of A. Rudhall, the
date 1722, and the names of the church-
wardens of that year.

12 Vols. i, x, and xxiv, transcribed
by Rev. W. J. LOwenberg and Henry

Brierley, the third vol. by Archibald
Sparke.

18 It was so in 1287 ; De Banco R.
67, m. 56. Sir Roger de Pilkington
claimed the presentation in 1367, Henry
son of Margery de Radclift'e being defen-
dant ; De Banco R. 429, m. 127 d.

14 Pope Nick. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 249.

15 Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39. The
other half of Tottington paid to Prestwich.

" Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226.
The glebe lands returned 481. \d. ; tithe
of grain and hay, £15 ; of lambs and
wool, £4 ; of calves, &c., 20*.; Easter
roll, offerings, &c., £7 us. 8<£; mor-
tuaries, 6s. %d. The Archdeacon of
Chester received 151. ^d. for synodals and
procurations.

V Bishop Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 27, 28. In 1673 there were
five wardens and five assistants ; about
1718 there were six churchwardens, viz.
one for Bury, chosen by the rector ; one
each for Heap, Walmersley, and Elton,
chosen by the rector out of three pre-

124

sented for each of these hamlets ; and
two named by Tottington. In 1552
there were four churchwardens for Bury,
and a warden for each of the three
chapels-of-ease ; in 1850 it was the cus-
tom for the rector to nominate a warden
and sidesman without any parish meeting,
the other townships sending in three
names, of which the rector chose two ;
Cb. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 45, 47.

18 Raines, op. cit. ii, 28 ; the Act is
printed in Barton, Bury, 149. In 1824
half the town was said to be glebe, the
other half being the Earl of Derby's
leasehold.

19 Mancb. Dioc. Dir. 1910.

20 He was one of the witnesses to the
foundation charter of Burscough Priory ;
as his name stands third, after the Arch-
deacon and the Prior of Norton, he could
not have been a mere stipendiary chap-
lain ; Farrer, Lanes. Pipe .8.350.

91 Henry, parson of Bury, attested a
grant by Roger de Montbegon before
1226 ; Hopwood D.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

Institution

oc. 1275 . .

Name

Patron

14 Jan. 1318-19.
23 Dec. 1323

12 Dec. 1331

13 Mar. 1334-5 .

17 May 1335
22 Oct. 1367
28 Aug. 1406
17 July 1442
9 May 1462
1 6 Feb. 1482-3 .

19 Oct. 1507

•4 Feb. 1554-5 •
21 Aug. 1568

Geoffrey"

Roger de Freckleton *3

Richard de Radcliffe S4 Margery, lady of Bury

Adam de Radcliffe »5 „ „

John de Radcliffe w Margaret de Radcliffe . .

Henry de Over " Henry s. of Sir Henry de

Bury

John de Radcliffe ts Henry de Bury . . .

John de Pilkington 59 Sir Roger de Pilkington .

Thomas de Hulton M Sir John de Pilkington .

Roger Bradeley31 „

George Pilkington S2 Thos. Pilkington

John Nabbs, B.Can.L.33 . . ,

Richard Smith, LL.B.34 . .

Richard Jones, M.A.3S . . . ,

Gowther Kenyon K

John Shireburne, B.D." . . .

Cause of Vacancy

Sir T. Pilkington
f John Ireland .
\Thos. Stanley .
Hugh Jones .
Earl of Derby .

res. R. de Freckleton
d. R. de Radcliffe
d. A. de Bury
res. John

res. H. de Over
d. J. de Radcliffe

d. R. Bradeley
d. G. Pilkington

res. J. Nabbs

d. last rector
d. R. Jones

82 There was in 1275 a dispute as to
2 acres of land between Geoffrey, rector
of Bury, and Richard son of Robert, the
former claiming them as the free alms of
his church, and the latter as his lay fee ;
De Banco R. 7, m. 33.

About the same time a Geoffrey de
Bury, not described as parson or clerk,
was witness to a grant to Stanlaw Abbey;
Wballey Coucber (Chet. Soc.), ii, 481.

23 He was ordained deacon in 1311 on
the presentation of Siegrith, lady of Urms-
ton ; Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 1 14,6.

24 Ibid, i, fol. 86 ; he was a priest,
and exchanged the rectory of Radcliffe
for that of Bury. He took part in the
rebellion of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster,
in 1322, being present with Robert de
Holland at Ravensdale after the king had
forbidden the assembly. He was fined
10 marks ; Coram Rege R. 254, m. 6 1
(where he is called Richard de Bury,
parson of the church of Bury).

25 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. ioo&; he
was a clerk. He is no doubt the Adam
de Bury of the next presentation. Adam,
rector of Bury, was ordained subdeacon
in Sept. 1325, and priest a year later;
ibid, i, 150, 152.

26 Ibid, ii, fol. 107^ ; a clerk. In
1334 John son of Robert de Radcliffe,
rector of Bury, was accused of mainten-
ance ; Coram Rege R. 8 Edw. Ill,
m. 3. He was among those charged
with complicity in the death of Sir Wil-
liam de Bradshagh ; Cal. Fat. 1330-4,
PP.498, 572.

2' Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. no ; a
priest. It is probable that John de Rad-
cliffe had failed to comply with the canons,
or had incurred censure through the pro-
ceedings mentioned in the last note, and
that he resigned, Henry de Over taking
his place for three months, so that he
might secure a fresh presentation.

It should be noted that an Adam, par-
son of Bury, and Roger his brother are
named in 1337; Cal. Pat. 1334-8, p. 452.

28 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. no; an
acolyte. John de Radcliffe, as a trustee,
is frequently mentioned. In 1343 he
was charged with trespasses against the
peace, including a part in the murder of
Adam de Lever at Liverpool ; Assize R.
430, m. i8d. ; Coram Rege R. 344,
m. 8 ; and two years later secured a
pardon by offering to go to Gascony, or
elsewhere, for a year at his own charges
on the king's service; Cal. Pat. 1343-5,
p. 531' He died on 22 Aug. 1367. His

son John became lord of Chadderton, but
was illegitimate, the next-of-kin and
heir of John the rector being Ralph ton
of William de Radcliffe ; De Banco R.
426, m. 35 ; R. 435, m. 139.

29 Lich. Epis. Reg. iv, fol. 83 ; a priest.
He was still rector in 1394, and perhaps
in 1402 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 38.

80 Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 95*; he
had only the first tonsure. A Thomas
de Hilton was prebendary of York in
1401 and 1404 ; Le Neve, Fasti, ill, 171,
224.

Thomas de Hulton in 1427 agreed to
allow Thurstan de Langley, rector of
Prestwich, to receive all the tithes, mor-
tuaries, oblations, &c., within the town
of Tottington and Tottington Frith, ac-
cording to the sentence given in the
Court Christian at Warrington, before
Richard de Stanley, Archdeacon of Ches-
ter, or his official ; Agecroft D. 75.

81 Lich. Epis. Reg. ix, fol. 126 ; a
priest.

82 Ibid, xii, fol. ioo£ ; a priest.
George Pilkington, chaplain, was a
younger son of Robert Pilkington, and
was about 1462 a defendant with his
brothers, Thomas, Edmund, &c., in a
charge of robbery made by Peter Legh ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 24, m. 27 d. In
1481 George Pilkington, rector of Bury,
Robert Pilkington, late of Little Lever,
and others, were summoned to answer for
aiding and abetting divers felonies ; Pal.
of Lane. Writs Proton, file 22 Edw. IV b.

83 Lich. Epis. Reg. xii, fol. 116 ; he is
called Master John Nebbe.

34 Ibid, xiii-xiv, fol. 55. Richard
Smith appears to have been presented a
second time, on 21 Oct. 1507, by Sir
Henry Halsall and Sir John Ireland ;
Act Bks. at Chester. He held the rec-
tory for fifty years, appearing at the
bishop's visitation in 1554. In 1523 it
was reported to the Chancellor of the
Duchy that he had been presented by the
Earl of Derby, and that the rectory was
worth 40 marks.

A few years later Richard Smith com-
plained that he had appointed a parish
clerk, but John Greenhalgh and others,
probably as claiming a voice in the nomi-
nation, had combined against the new
clerk and the rector. On the Sunday
before All Saints' Day 1526, they came
to church in the morning, 'making
semblance as though they had come to
hear there divine service,' but bearing

125

weapons concealed under their clothes.
The rector, having said his hours, went in
procession, the clerk preceding him with
the crucifix as usual, when the confede-
rates sprang up and attacked them,
snatching the crucifix from the clerk's
hands and casting it down, • using them-
selves more like Jews and Paynims than
otherwise.' There was 'no mass nor
other divine service ' in church that Sun-
day. On Hallowmass itself the rector,
' fearing to come abroad in the daylight,
came into the said church early in the
spring of the day, intending to have served
Almighty God as to him of duty did apper-
tain," but found John Greenhalgh and the
others lying in wait, and had to refrain
' from saying of mass and other service.'
This seems to have gone on until the
following January ; Duchy Plead. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 151-3.

In 1542 Smith was official of
Chester ; Duchy Plead, ii, 154. He built
a chapel on the north aisle of his church,
no doubt intending to found a chantry
there, but lived to see the spoliation of
these endowments and the restoration of
the old religion under Mary. Hugh
Watmough, rector in 1614, allowed
Roger Kay of Widdell to make a seat
in the north chapel, which chapel had
been erected by Richard Smith, formerly
rector, and repaired by his successors ;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi, fol. 265.

84 Act Bks. at Chester Dioc. Reg.
Hugh Jones presented by grant of the
Earl of Derby. The new rector paid
first-fruits I Oct. 1557 ; Lanes, and Ches.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
409. He was probably one of the Jones
family of Middleton. His will, made in
1568, is printed in Piccope, Wills (Cher,
Soc.), ii, 223. To the curate, Sir Roger
Hodgkinson, he bequeathed, among other
goods, his surplice and £5.

86 Church Papers at Chester Dioc. Reg.
Paid first-fruits 26 Nov. 1568 ; Lanes.
and Cbes. Rec. ii, 409.

87 In 1572 there was a disputed pre-
sentation to the rectory. One John Shire-
burne, brother of Roger Shireburne of
Chipping, claimed to be admitted, but had
to submit to a searching examination.
He professed himself ' obedient to the
Queen's Majesty's proceedings in religion.'
He had been in the company of Sir John
Southworth. Though he had not preached
at Blackburn denouncing the ' nakedness of
the Church of England for want of cere-
monies,' he had extolled good works in a

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Institution

— 1572 • •
6 July 1608 .

23 Aug. 1623
1 6 Mar. 1632-3

— 1654 . .

— 1654-6 .

2 Mar. 1660-1
26 Feb. 1674-5
19 May 1710
19 July 1743 .

6 Feb. 1778

Name

Patron

Peter Shaw, B.D.38 ....
Hugh Watmough, B.D.39 . .
George Murray, B.D.40 . .
Peter Travers, B.D.41 . . .
William Alt, M.A." . . .
John Lightfoot43 . . . .
John Greenhalgh, D.D.44 .
Thomas Gipps, B.D.45 . . .
James Bankes, M.A.46 . . .
Hon. John Stanley, D.D.47 .
Sir William Henry Clerke,
B.C.L.48

Cause of Vacancy

John Favour
Earl of Derby

bart.,

Oliver, Protector
Countess of Derby

Earl of Derby .
Thos. Bankes .
Earl of Derby .

d P. Shaw

d. H. Watmough

d. G. Murray

sermon. Robert Cottam, a priest, once
curate of Longridge, had paid him a visit
when he lay sick. As being resident in
Lord Derby's house he did not himself
teach the Catechism to the youth of the
parish. The Communion, he believed,
•was administered once a year only, unless
sick folk asked for it. He had never
been at burials or wakes ; Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xxii, fol. 531. From these
replies it would appear that he had actu-
ally been in charge for some time, though
not instituted. The admission asked for
was no doubt refused, but Shireburne be-
came rector of Brindle (q.v.).

88 Paid first-fruits 20 Nov. 1572 ; Lanes,
and Ches. Rec. ii, 410. Collated to the
sixth prebendal stall at Durham, 1572 ;
Le Neve, Fasti, iii, 313. He was plain-
tiffin a tithe case in 1598 ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), iii, 386. The ' wife of John
Shaw, old Mrs. Shaw, the parson's
mother,' was buried 4 May 1597, and the
parson himself on n July 1608 ; Bury
Reg. His son became rector of RadclifFe.

8» Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxii, fol.
72 ; the patron for this turn was vicar of
Halifax. The rector had been educated
at University College, Oxford ; M.A.
1586; B.D. 1594; rector of Thornton-
in-Craven, 1599-1623 ; Foster, Alumni ;
Whitaker, Craven. Paid first-fruits 17
Dec. 1608 ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. ii, 411.
He was buried 21 Aug. 1623 ; Bury Reg.
There is an allusion to him in N. Asshe-
ton's Journ. (Chet. Soc.), 6.

40 The dates of institution, &c., from
this time onward to 1800 are taken from
the Inst. Bks. P.R.O., as printed in
Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Notes. For
fuller accounts of the modern rectors see
Baines, Lanes, (ed. Croston), iii, 98—101.

George Murray was of Queens' College,
Cambridge, and had been tutor of Lord
Strange ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxii,
fol. 72. He paid first-fruits 17 Nov.
1623 ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. ii, 412
(where the name is given as Massye). He
was a prebendary of Lichfield from 1623
to 1633 ; Le Neve, Fasti, i, 590, 602.
Buried 12 Mar. 1632-3 ; Bury Reg. His
will was proved at Chester in 1633.

41 Paid first-fruits 31 May 1633 ; Lanes,
and Ches. Rec. ii, 413. The name is also
spelt Travis. Shortly afterwards he was
appointed rector of Halsall, retaining both
benefices till ejected by the Parliamen-
tarians, on account of his zealous adhesion
to the royal side in the war. On 24 April
1641; it was ordered that as Peter Travers
was ' disaffected to the Parliament and the
proceedings thereof,' and was actually at
Lathom House, a hostile garrison, his
rectory should be sequestered ; and that
William Alt and Andrew Lathom, 'godly
and orthodox divines,' should ' officiate the
cure ' and take for their pains the rectory
house, tithes, and other profits. Mr. La-
thom dying, Mr. Toby Furness, another

' godly and orthodox divine,' was ' settled
in the rectory' in his place. A tenth
part of the profits was paid to Mrs. Doro-
thy Travers, wife of the sequestered rector,
for the maintenance of herself and her
children ; Common-wealth Cb. Surv. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 38-40. It is
clear that the three ministers named were
rather curates in charge during the seques-
tration than rectors. Toby Furness had
had a similar charge at Prestwich ; he
signed the ' Harmonious Consent" in 1648,
and continued to minister at Bury till his
death about 1653 ; Bury Classis (Chet.
Soc.), i, 90, 135. For Andrew Lathom,
see ibid, ii, 242—4 ; his will is printed.

An incident of the time should be re-
corded: The Manchester Parliamentarians
took from the church of Bury 'the sur-
plice, and put it on the back of a soldier,
and caused him to ride in the cart the
arms were carried in, to be matter of sport
and laughter to the beholders ' ; Lanes.
War (Chet. Soc.), ix.

43 Rector Travers appears to have died
by 1654, for Halsall as well as Bury was
filled up in that year ; Plund. Mins. Accts.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 49, 60.
William Alt, as ' minister of Bury,' signed
the 'Harmonious Consent' of 1648. He
had been a curate of Bury for many years,
his name appearing in the registers from
1628. He died 5 April 1656, and was
buried at Bury. See the account of him
in Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), ii, 208.

43 Paid first-fruits 4 July 1656 ; Lanes,
and Cbes. Rec. ii, 414. He was presented
in July 1654 by the Countess of Derby
(Plund. Mins. Accts. ii, 46) ; but the Pro-
tector's presentation appears to have pre-
vailed, though Lightfoot succeeded after
William Alt's death. He is identified by
Dr. W. A. Shaw with John son of the
celebrated Dr. John Lightfoot ; Bury
Classis, ii, 246. He was Episcopalian in
his leanings, and was in 1655 denounced
by the congregation of Bury for ' certain
mistakes and miscarriages in point of
doctrine and practice' ; ibid. 142. From
the date it would appear that he took up
his residence at Bury in the lifetime of
Mr. Alt, and also ministered there. In
1659 ne was engaged in suits respecting
tithes ; Excb. Dep. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 32, 33. He became vicar of Bow-
don in 1660, and died in 1661. He had
been an advocate of the Restoration, and
is said to have been deprived of his bene-
fice for praying publicly for the king at
the time of Sir George Booth's rising ;
Mancb. Guardian Local N. and Q. no. 577.

44 He was a son of John Greenhalgh of
Brandlesholme, and educated at St. John's
College, Cambridge ; Admissions St. John's
Col. i, 9; Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 126.
He was elected fellow of his College in
1632, but expelled by the Earl of Man-
chester (for the Parliament) in 1644 ;
Baker, Hist, of St. John's Col. (ed. Mayor),

126

res. J. Lightfoot
d. J. Greenhalgh
d. T. Gipps
d. J. Bankes
res. J. Stanley

i, 294, 296. He was a Royalist, and
attended the Earl of Derby on his way to
Bolton in 1651, being afterwards chaplain
at Knowsley ; Stanley Papers (Chet. Soc.),
iii, pp. ccxxxix, cclxxvii. He took the
D.D. degree in 1672. He died 27 Oct.
1674; Bury Reg. Hi§ will was proved
at Chester.

45 He was a correspondent of John
Walker, author of The Sufferings of the
Clergy ; Bury Classis, ii. He was edu-
cated at Trinity College, Cambridge, of
which he became fellow ; M.A. 1662. In
1674 he received a faculty to preach
throughout England and Ireland from
James, Duke of Monmouth, then Chan-
cellor of the University ; Stratford, Visit.
List, Chester. Hi» sermon at the Preston
Gild of 1682 was published, and in 1697
he printed a sermon Against Corrupting
the Word of God, directed against the
Presbyterians, which roused some contro-
versy ; Fishwick, La««. Lib. 391-2. His
will was proved at Chester in 1710.

A terrier compiled by this rector in
1696 for the benefit of his successor is in
the possession of W. Farrer. There is a
copy in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxii,
fol. 368. It contains a full account of the
rector's dues and the tenants of the glebe,
with advice as to dealing with the people,
especially those of Tottington. The Easter
dues were as follows : House and offering,
$d. ; every communicant, \d. ; garden,
id. ; hen, id. ; cow, \d. ; calf, \d. (ex-
cept there be seven); plough, 4</.; foal, id. ;
sheep, each id. ; every lamb, id. (except
there be seven) ; every loom, id. ; every
swarm of bees, id. ; wintering only sheep,
each \d. ; or summering them only, \d.

46 Church P. at Chester. Thomas
Bankes had the right of presentation for
that turn only. The date in the text is
that of presentation. There was probably
some dispute as to title, for the new rector
was not instituted till 5 March 1712-13.

The rector was of the Winstanley
family, and founded a charity for the poor.
An anecdote of him is in Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.),xxxi, fol. 278.

James Bankes, of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, M.A. 1686, became rector of
Lilley 1 706 ; Foster, Alumni Oxon.

4< Also rector of Winwick, under which
church he is noticed. At Bury he founded
a charity school, and started a dispensary.
Some anecdotes of him will be found in
Raines MSS. xxxi, fol. 335, 355.

48 Educated at Oxford ; fellow of All
Souls ; B.C.L. 1778. Succeeded his
brother as eighth baronet in the same
year ; G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, iii, 8 1.
He is said to have been a charitable man,
but incapable of managing his affairs ; his
creditors came upon him, the benefice was
sequestrated, and he died in the Fleet
Prison ; Raines MSS. xxxi, fol. 344.

A further account of his speculations is
given in Barton, Bury, 106, 107.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Institution Name

23 Sept. 1818 . Geoffrey Hornby, LL.B." . . .

28 Mar. 1850 . Edward James Geoffrey Hornby,

M.A.40

10 Sept. 1888 . Frank Edward Hopwood, M.A." .

13 Feb. 1894 . Foster Grey Blackburne, M.A.51 . .

27 Apr. 1909 . John Charles Hill, M.A.i:i . . .

Patron

Earl of Derby .

Little is known of the condition of the pre-Refor-
mation clergy. There was no endowed chantry at
the parish church, but probably each of the chapels of
ease, at Holcombe, Edenfield, and Heywood, had a
curate of its own. Richard Smith, rector in 1 542,
paid a curate, and the stipend of another assistant
priest was contributed by Charles Nuttall and others.53
In 1548, however, only the rector and these two
assistants are named in the bishop's visitation list ; in
1554 there were four, a curate having been found for
Edenfield; the same names reappear in 1563, when
the rector was ' excused,' perhaps for absence, and two
years later there are five names in the list — showing
an increase in the number. This extraordinary state-
ment is somewhat modified by the fact that two of
those named did not appear, and that another's name
was marked out, the active clergy being reduced to
the rector and his curate, Roger Hodgkinson.44 It
was reported to the royal commissioners in 1559 that
the curate of Bury did not read the Gospel, Epistle,
Lord's Prayer, and Ten Commandments, according to
the proclamation.45 A similar indifference or hostility,
though perhaps from other causes, appears in 1592,
when the rector and curate were ordered to use the
Catechism, go the perambulations, and * observe her
majesty's injunctions in all things ' ; the church-
wardens were to provide Jewell's Reply and Apology:*
About 1 6 10 the incumbent was 'a preacher,' and the
three chapels were ' maintained by the inhabitants.' w

BURY

Cause of Vacancy

d. Sir W. H. Clerke
d. G. Hornby

d. E. J. G. Hornby
d. F. E. Hopwood
d. F. G. Blackburne

During the sequestration under the Commonwealth
the curates in charge preached constantly every Sabbath
day and once every Thursday, the market day, keeping
a constant lecture there, as had been accustomed ;
they lived in the parsonage house.48 The Restoration
appears to have been quietly accepted in Bury itself,
where the two landowners, the Earl of Derby and the
rector, were both Royalists. Nonconformists, however,
were numerous, and in 1669 the vicar reported to the
Bishop of Chester that he heard that several con-
venticles were 'constantly kept at private houses of
Independents, Presbyterians, Dippers and other such
like jointly, of the bset rank of the yeomanry and
other inferiors.' 49 The matter became evident after
the Revolution,60 and Bury has now, like other Lanca-
shire parishes, provision for a great variety of worship
and doctrine.

Apart from the grammar school at
CHARITIES Bury, founded in 1625 and refounded
in 1 726,®' and some other endowments
for ecclesiastical and educational purposes, the general
charitable funds have an income of about £190 a
year.61 Some ancient benefactions have been lost.
The whole parish participates in the sums given by
John Guest in 165 3," Thomas Rothwell in 1737,**
and Rector Bankes in I743.64 The old manor or
township of Bury, including Bury, Heap, Elton, and
Walmersley, benefits under the will of Samuel
Waring, I742.66 Bury proper had in 1828 two small

49 Son of Geoffrey Hornby, rector of
Winwick ; educated at Peterhouse, Cam-
bridge ; LL.B. 1809; rector of Felbrigg-
with-Moulton in Norfolk, 1813.

60 Son of the preceding rector ; edu-
cated at Merton College, Oxford ; M.A.
1843 ; incumbent of Christ Church, Wal-
mersley, 1841 ; vicar of Ormskirk, 1846;
Hon. Canon of Manchester, 1855.

81 Son of Canon Hopwood, rector of
Winwick ; educated at Christ Church,
Oxford; M.A. 1 868; incumbent of
St. James's, Congleton, 1869 ; rector of
Badsworth, 1879.

88 Son of Rev. Thomas Blackburne,
rector of Prestwich ; educated at Brase-
nose College, Oxford ; M.A. 1864 ; rector
of Nantwich, 1872 ; Hon. Canon of Man-
chester, 1898 ; Archdeacon of Manchester,
1905 ; died I Feb. 1909.

63a Educated at Trinity College, Cam-
bridge ; honorary canon of Worcester.

48 Clergy Litt (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 12.

84 From the visitation lists at Chester.

The church ornaments existing in 1552
included four sets of vestments for the
priest to say mass in, three great bells in
the steeple and a little sanctus bell, a veil
to hang before the altar in Lent, &c. ;
Cb. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 45, 46.

Roger HoHgkinson was one of the old
clergy, having been ordained priest in
1547 ; Ordin. Bk. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 80. He was still curate in 1575 ;
Pennant's Acct. Bk. Thomas Duerden
was curate in 1599.

54 Ck. Gds. 47, quoting S.P. Dom.
Eliz. x, 288. The depositions of John
Shireburne in 1572, already cited, have
some suggestive features.

88 W. F. Irvine in Lanes, and Chtt.
Antij. Soc. xiii, 57.

*7 Hitt. MSS. Com. Rep. »v, App. iv, 12.
Each chapel had its own curate in 163.4 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 95.

58 Commonw. Ch. Sur-v. 40. At this
time there were no ministers at Holcombe
and Edenfield, 'for want of mainten-
ance' ; 44.

i9 Visit. P. at Chester Dioc. Reg.

60 Quakers were presented at the
bishop's visitation of 1671 ; ibid.

81 The original founder, Henry Bury
(d. 1636), who was a native of the place,
also gave a number of books, three or four
of which are still preserved ; Old Lanes.
Libraries (Chet. Soc.), 139. A school
magazine called the CLi-vian is published.

62 The details given are from the End.
Char. Rep. for Bury, published in 1901 ;
the county borough of Bury was not in-
cluded. The report of 1828 is reprinted.

63 John Guest gave rent - charges of
£3 15*. each to the ministers of the
parish churches of Winwick, Leigh, Wi-
gan, Deane, RadclifFe, Bolton, Bury, and
Middleton, to be spent in linen cloth for
the poor. His estate being insufficient
for the fulfilment of the bequests, an Act
was passed in 1663 under which this
parish received £60, Bury having £40 and
Tottington the rest. The rectors appear
to have had charge of the capital, but

I27

owing to the insolvency of one of them
only £30 remained in 1828, for which
Rector Hornby allowed 30.1. interest, ex-
pended in linen cloth. It appears that
£3 131. 4t/. was then independently held
for the benefit of the township of Cowpe
Lench in the Hundred of Blackburn ; it
has since been lost.

64 As in the preceding charity, half of
the capital of £10 had been lost before
1828, and the 51. given as interest by the
rector was expended on fourpenny loaves
for poor persons attending church. The
testator had named ' sixpenny jannocks.'

The Guest and Rothwell Charities are
now represented by £64 consols, and by a
scheme approved in 1863 the income,
351. 4</., is spent on clothing or other
necessaries for the poor of the ancient
parish.

65 The capital of £60 is represented by
a rent-charge of £3 still paid by the owner
of the Winstanley estate. The income is
distributed in flannels, &c., by the incum-
bents of the different ecclesiastical parishes.

A benefaction of the Rev. John Lo-
max, 1694, had been lost by 1786.

65 He left £20, which was increased by
unknown benefactors to £84. In 1828
George Ormerod, the historian of Cheshire,
as heir of Thomas Johnson, who had held
the capital, granted a rent-charge of £4 41.
a year ; this is still paid, and a guinea each
is sent to the rector of Bury, and the
vicars of Elton All Saints, Walmersley, and
Heywood St. Luke, for distribution to the
poor. The original gift was for linen cloth.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

charities.67 In Heap, in addition to Heywood School,
1737, is the foundation of John Nuttall, ij6^^8 with
the more substantial recent gifts of William Clegg,
1887, and others.69 Walmersley had a school at
Baldingstone, founded in \j\6,™ and over £22 for
the general benefit of the poor, the gifts of Richard
Haworth,i76o,71 and John Hall, 1867." The most
considerable single charity is that founded in 1892-6
by Miss Nancy Ha worth for the poor of Walshaw,
partly in Tottington Lower End and partly in Elton.7*
Tottington has old school endowments and some gifts
for the poor, including ^35 a year from Miss Jane
Brennand's bequest in iSSz.74 The township of
Cowpe Lench participates in Mrs. Alice Martha
Crabtree's bequest.75

BURY

Biri, 1194; Buri, 1212 ; Bury, 1227, and usual;
Byry, 1292 ; Bery, 1323.

The township of Bury lies principally in the narrow
tongue of land between the Irwell and the Roch,
stretching north for over 4 miles from the conflu-
ence of these streams. The surface is generally level,
but rises on the north-east border to a height of 600 ft.
The area is 2,329^ acres.1 The population of the town-
ship in 1901 was 44,032 and of the borough 58,029.

The town of Bury occupies the centre of the town-
ship. The church is situated above what was the old
course of the Irwell, the ground falling rapidly to the
north of the Bolton and Rochdale road leading past
the church. Just at the south-west corner of the
church this road is joined by that from Manchester,

and the open space or Wylde 2 at that point is still
known as the Market-place. The statue of Sir Robert
Peel, erected in 1852, stands here ; and to the west
was formerly the fortified manor-house of the Pilking-
tons. The road leading west to Bolton descends to
cross the Irwell at Bury Bridge ; the district to the
south of it is called Tentersfield. Going east from the
church it passes through Freetown and Pits o' th'
Moor, to the north-east of the last-named being
Woodgate Hill. One branch of this road takes a more
southerly course, crossing the Roch at Heap Bridge
and leading to Heywood ; to the south of it lies Pirn-
hole. Another branch runs almost due north, passing
Chesham and its park on the right, and going through
Little Wood Cross and Limefield to Walmersley and
Haslingden. The Manchester road goes southerly
from the church, passing through Buckley Wells, Fish-
pool, and Redvales, to Blackford Bridge over the Roch.

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway
from Manchester to Accrington passes north through
the township, with a station (Bolton Street) near the
church. A line to Tottington branches off from this.
The same company's line from Bolton to Rochdale
crosses the other at right angles, with a station (Knows-
ley Street) to the south of the former.3 Electric tram-
cars run along the main thoroughfares in all directions.

Bury has .long been a seat of the woollen manu-
facture ; Bury blankets are known everywhere.
Leland, about 1535, speaks of 'yarn sometime made
about Bury, a market town on Irwell ' ; 4 a deputy
aulnager was appointed in 1564 to stamp woollen
cloth.* Defoe, writing about 1730, observed that at

6? Robert Shepherd in 1666 granted to
trustees a rent-charge of £9 arising from
his messuage called Hall-de-Hill in Elton;
they were to expend £7 IQJ. for the bene-
fit of poor householders in Bury, and in
apprenticing children. In 1828 the £9
was paid by the then owner of the pro-
perty, and was distributed in sums of from
5*. to 15*. among poor persons selected by
the trustees.

William Yttes in 1810 bequeathed
£400 for the benefit of the poor. This was
in 1828 invested in Government stock,
and the income £16 3*. lod. was distri-
buted in sums of I or. each.

Thomas Openshaw, who died in 1869,
left £4,000 for the poor; Barton,5ary,io6.

68 His £10 was lent to James Starky,
whose descendant, James Starky of Hey-
wood, in 1828 paid 81. a year interest ; it
was given on Good Friday to poor com-
municants. The capital was, in 1863,
given to the official trustees ; the in-
come, 5$. 8</., is distributed as formerly.

Samuel Haworth in 1767 left a charge
of £2 los. a year for linen or woollen
cloth for the poor ; but his property being
leasehold, the charge expired when the
lease ran out, before 1828.

Heywood School was discontinued in
1891.

Bequests by Ann Bamford in 1778 for
education were void under the Mortmain
Acts.

69 William Clegg gave £1,000 to com-
memorate Queen Victoria's Jubilee ; it is
now invested in consols, and the total in-
come is £27 ii. %d. a year. In 1890 the
sons of the Rev. Robert Minnitt gave £150
in fulfilment of their father's intention ;
this produces £4 6s. The two charities
are worked together ; tickets for 5*. each
are given to poor persons to be expended
on clothing or the like necessaries.

'°-The school was discontinued in 1883.
In this and similar cases the interest on
the capital is now applied to provide prizes,
&c., for school-children of the district.

71 The residue of the testator's estate
produced £481 ; this sum was in 1828 in
the hands of Thomas Kay, and the in-
terest, £19 4*. g^d., was distributed in
doles of money. In 1831 the capital was
expended in the purchase of a copyhold
farm in Musbury ; this was sold in 1887
for £720, now represented by £649 con-
sols. The income, £17 i6s. %d.t is still
given in money doles to about ninety re-
cipients.

?2 His bequest was not available till
1876, when it was invested in £48 1 51. 8</.
consols, of which a third was allotted to
Walmersley. The income, £4 145. 8</.,
is distributed in money doles and gifts of
flannel.

'8 Her will was proved in 1897. She
left £2,000, increased by a codicil to
£3,000, to the minister and churchwar-
dens of the Jesse Haworth Memorial
Church for the benefit of workpeople at
her brother's mills at Walshaw, and of
the poor of the district. The income,
£82 js. 4</., is distributed in money gifts.

Thomas Howard in 1808 left a rent-
charge of £5 5.$. for the poor of Elton ; it
was distributed in blankets, but the charity
expired with the lives of the persons named
in the lease.

?•* She left £1,000 to the vicar and
churchwardens of St. Paul's, Ramsbottom,
to keep her gravestone in good order, and
to distribute the remainder of the income
to the poor. An additional amount of
£41 8i. from other sources was invested
with it, and the total income is £35. All
but about 4*. for the care of the grave it
spent upon the poor in various ways, £5
being subscribed to the cottage hospital.

128

John Hall's benefaction has been de-
scribed above. A third of the amount was
allotted to Tottington Lower End, and
the income is distributed in payments to
the sick.

The Rev. Thos. Bridge, rector of Mai-
pas ( 1 625-80), left £200 to the ' township'
of Holcombe ; as there was no such town-
ship the executors refused to pay, but gave
£100 to Tottington. In 1828 the in-
come was applied, according to the testa-
tor's wish, in apprenticing children. The
capital has long been lost ; see Gastrell,
Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 32.

John Buckley in 1737 gave £10 for
the poor of Tottington Lower End, but
nothing was known of it in 1828.

Lawrence Rostron in 1812 directed that
his executors and their assigns should
distribute to the poor any interest they
might receive from the trustees of the
turnpike road from Rochdale to Edenfield.
Nothing is known of this charity since
1867.

7* She in 1877 bequeathed £500 for
the ' deserving poor ' of St. James's, Water-
foot ; the ecclesiastical district includes
part of Cowpe Lench. See the End. Char.
Rep. for Whalley (Newchurch in Rossen-
dale), 1901, p. 22.

1 3,828 acres, including 104 of inland
water. This is the area of the borough.

2 B. T. Barton, Bury, 40.

8 The Liverpool and Bury line was
opened in 1848.

4 Itin. vii, 49 ; he also remarks that
Bury had ' but a poor market.' Camden,
on the other hand, calls it a market town
' not less considerable than Rochdale ' ;
Brit. (ed. 1695), 745.

6 8 Eliz. cap. 12 ; Bury is one of the
five towns named. For a Bury ulnage
case in 1547-9 see Duchy Plead. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 6-10.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

Bury ' the manufacture of cotton . . . was ended,
and the woollen manufacture of coarse sorts, called
half-thicks and kerseys, begun ; which employs this
and all the villages about it.' 6 There are also extensive
cotton mills, iron and brass foundries, paper mills,
and bleach works. Bury is also noted for simnel
cakes, and the fourth Sunday in Lent is kept as a
festival ; 7 parkin, a corruption of Tharcake, was made
at the beginning of November.8

The old festivals were those of the Royal Oak,
Robin Hood, and ' Maying Night.' 9 Football games
were played at certain seasons.10 Otter-hunting was
one of the sports of the district.11

Fairs are held on 5 March, 3 May, and 1 8 Septem-
ber. The wakes begin on the Saturday after August
Bank Holiday.

The dungeon,13 pillory,13 and town cross14 have
disappeared. The ghosts or * boggarts ' have also
gone.15

The printing press was introduced in ijSg.16 The
first newspaper was the Bury Mercury, issued in
1 83 1.17 There are now four — the Times (begun in
1855) and the Guardian (1857), published twice a
week, and the Visitor and the Advertiser, each once.18

There is a theatre.19

A halfpenny token was issued in 1667.™
In Bury town there were 114 hearths liable to the
tax ; John Greenhalgh's rectory had ten hearths,
John Brook's house eight, Richard Tootell's seven,
those of John Eckersall and John Redferne six each.
In Bury Upper End were fifty-two hearths.21

Various changes in the boundaries have taken place
in recent years,22 and the present township or civil
parish of Bury contains not only the ancient hamlet
or township, but parts of Elton, Walmersley-with-
Shuttleworth, and Heap.23

The manor of BURT was held of the
MANORS lord of Tottington as one knight's fee.24
The tenant bore the local surname, and
in 1193-4 Adam de Bury offered 5 marks for having
the king's good will after the rebellion of John,
Count of Mortain.*5 Under Roger de Montbegon
Adam de Bury, son of Ailward de Bury by his wife
Alice de Montbegon,26 in 1212 held the fee of one
knight ' of ancient tenure ' ; 27 the formation of this
. holding may therefore date from the early part of the
1 2th century. In 1302 Henry de Bury held the fee
of the Earl of Lincoln.28 In 1313 he made a settle-
ment of the manor,29 and two years later was killed
in some of the disturbances raised by Adam Banastre.30

6 Tour through Great Britain (ed. 1738),
iii, 182.

7 Barton, Bury, 23.

8 Ibid, 109. 9 Ibid. 10-13.

10 Ibid. 41 ; Christmas, Shrovetide, and
Good Friday each had special matches,
the final games being played in Easter
week.

11 Ibid. 45.

12 Ibid. 42. The old court house stood
near the cross ; ibid. 44.

18 Ibid. 43 ; it was used for the last
time about 1800.

14 Ibid. 43, 300. It stood near the
centre of the market-place, and was taken
down in 1818.

16 Ibid. 13, 34; one of them was like
a white rabbit.

18 Ibid. 7 ; Local Gleanings, Lanes, and
Ches. i, 71, gives ' in or before 1798.'

V Manch. Guardian N. and Q. no. 490.

18 In 1867 they were the Times, Guar-
dian, and Broadsheet.

19 An early theatrical performance in a
barn in Moss Lane in 1787 ended in the
collapse of the building and death or injury
to many of the spectators ; Barton, Bury,
18-23 ; see also 32.

20 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 75 ;
it was issued by Samuel Waring, other-
wise notable as a prosperous Noncon-
formist ; ibid., and Ormerod, Parentalia.

21 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lane. ; for
1666.

22 By the Bury Improvement Acts, 1872
and 1885. The bounds are described in
the Bury Times Business Directory.

28 The county borough includes Bury
and parts of Elton, Tottington Lower
End, Walmersley - with - Shuttleworth,
Birtle-with-Bamford, Heap, Pilsworth,
Pilkington, and Radcliffe. It was made
a single civil parish or township in 1894
by Local Gov. Bd. Order 31671.

24 Lanes, Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 59, 60, 145. After
the Montbegons sold Tottington to the
Lacys, Bury was held of the Earl of
Lincoln, as in 1242, when it was part
of the dower of the countess (ibid. 153) ;
and afterwards of the Earls and Dukes of
Lancaster. Sake fee of 81. and castle-
ward lot. were payable for Bury ; Extent

of 17 Edw. II ; Sheriff's Compotus of
22 Edw. III.

25 Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 77. A little
later Henry de Bury is named ; ibid.

355-

It was probably another Henry de Bury
who about 1240 attested a surrender of
part of Rochdale rectory ; Whalley
Coucber (Chet. Soc.), i, 143.

26 In 1 244-5 Adam de Bury laid claim
to the Montbegon inheritance on the
strength of this descent ; the jury did
not allow it, so that Alice may have been
illegitimate ; Assize R. 482, m. 17.
Alice, wife of Eward (or Ailward) de
Bury, received from her father, Adam de
Montbegon, land in Tottington ; Lanes.
Inq. and Extents, i, 6 1.

*7 Ibid. 60. Robert de Bury and
Adam de Bury attested an Eccles
Charter about 1205 ; JPhalley Coucher
(Chet. Soc.), i, 57. It is impossible to
say how many Adams there were. Adam
de Bury secured an acknowledgement of
his right to a moiety of Shuttleworth in
1227 ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 49. He was one of the twelve
knights engaged in the perambulation of
the forest in 1228 ; Lanes. Pipe R. 420.
A little later he confirmed land in Mar-
land to Stanlaw Abbey ; W 'bailey Coucher,
ii, 593. He held the knight's fee in
1242 ; Inq. and Extents, i, 153. Four years
later he recovered a small strip of land,
probably on the boundary, against Geoffrey
de Radcliffe ; Assize R. 404, m. 3.

An Adam, son of Adam de Bury, ap-
pears in 1246 at Bradley, near Chipping,
but he may be of another family ; Final
Cone, i, 1 02.

The king in 1250 ordered the sheriff
not to place Adam de Bury on juries so
long as he continued to be coroner ;
Close R. 64, m. i. In 1251 Adam was one
of the knights attesting the grant of
Ordsall to David de Hulton ; Gregson,
Fragments (ed. Harland), 347.

The rights of Adam's mill were in 1256
acknowledged by two of the tenants, who
agreed to grind corn growing on the
lands they held of him to the twentieth
measure ; but should Adam allow his
mill to fall into decay then they were to

129

be at liberty to grind elsewhere, without
giving any multure to him ; Final Cone, i,
1 2O. Two years before this Adam had
claimed suit of mill against various
tenants ; Curia Regis R. 154, m. 16, 17.

An Alexander de Bury made a grant
of Gollinroyd about 1260 ; Ormerod,
Parentalia, 43.

Adam de Bury was plaintiff and de-
fendant in suits of 1277 and 1278 ; Assize
R. 1235, m. 13; R. 1238, m. 31, 32;
R. 1239, m. 37, 39. He was again plain-
tiff in 1281 ; Pat. 9 Edw. I, m. 14 d.
Sir Adam de Bury and Adam his son
attested a Barton charter before or about
that time ; De Traffbrd Deeds, no. 192.

In 1287 Anabel, widow of Adam de
Bury, claimed a third part of the manor
of Bury and advowson of the church,
against Henry de Lacy ; De Banco R.
67, m. 56.

28 Inq. and Extents, i, 313. Already in
1300 he had been charged by Alexander
son of Henry del Hurst with unjust dis-
traint on cattle and corn at the Rhodes in
Bury, but in reply urged that Alexander
was his villein ; De Banco R. 131, m. II.
He occurs as plaintiff in 1306 and 1309 ;
De Banco R. 161, m. 437 d. ; R. 179,
m. 206 d. In 1311 Sir Henry de Bury
held the manor of Bury by the service of
one knight and suit to the court of Tot-
tington from three weeks to three weeks;
De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc.), 19.

29 Final Cone, ii, i 3 ; Geoffrey son of
Robert de Bury acted as deforciant. The-
advowson of the church was included
with the manor ; after the death of Henry
de Bury they were to remain to Margery
daughter of Richard de Radcliffe for life j
after her decease to Henry son of Henry
de Bury and his issue, and in default suc-
cessively to Alice, Agnes, and Isabel,
daughters of the elder Henry ; finally to
Adam son of Matthew de Bury and his
heirs. This fine was frequently cited in
the subsequent disputes as to the manor.
Henry son of Adam de Bury was plaintiff
in 1313 ; De Banco R. 198, m. 36 d.

80 At an inquiry in 1323 it was stated
that Sir Adam Banastre and others made
their confederacy on the Wednesday before
St. Wilfrid's Day, 1315, and a few days

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

PILKINGTON. Argent
a cms patonce voided
gules.

STANLEY, Earl
Derby. Argent on a
bend azure three hart?
heads cabossed or.

His son Henry died without issue, on which his
daughter Alice, wife of Roger de Pilkington, and her
son Roger succeeded in establishing their right to the
manor, although her mother Margery, daughter of
Richard de Radcliffe, had endeavoured to secure
it or a portion of the estate for her younger son
Henry.31

The Pilkingtons remained in possession till I485,3U
when all the manors and lands of Sir Thomas
Pilkington were forfeited for his adherence to
Richard III, the new king granting them to the Earl
of Derby in 1489." The manor of Bury then de-

later sent Nicholas de Singleton and
others to capture Adam de Radcliffe and
his brothers. Adam was seized at the
parsonage house at Radcliffe, and his
captors then went to Sir Henry de Bury's
house to find the brothers, who, however,
were not there. Henry de Bury was
thereupon taken, and John de Croston,
Stephen Scallard, and others slew him,
and stole his horse and other goods and
chattels, for which death they were
hanged ; Sir William de Bradshagh and
many others of the confederates were out-
lawed ; Coram Rege R. 254, m. 52.
From these particulars it would seem that
the confederacy was made on 9 Oct. and
the murder was done on or about the
1 2th. On the following Wednesday (16
Oct.) the king ordered Robert de Lathom
and others to inquire into it (Cal. Pat.
1313-17, p. 419), and another record of
the trial states that John de Walton,
Stephen Shaw, and Adam son of Adam
de Freckleton were the guilty ones, while
a large number of others were with them,
and Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea, and
William de Bradshagh knowingly received
them after the felony was committed ;
Coram Rege R. 299, Rex m. 20. This re-
cord gives 1 6 Oct. as the date of the death,
and a number of particulars are given as
to the fate of the guilty persons.

81 By the fine above referred to Margery
de Radcliffe (as she was usually called)
had the manor for her life. In 1318 and
1319 certain lands were settled by fine,
the remainders being the same as in the
earlier one 5 Final Cone, ii, 29, 34. No
mention is made of younger sons of Sir
Henry. In the latter year Margery was
plaintiff in a suit respecting Bury mill ;
De Banco R. 299, m. 66 d. In a feodary of
a little later date it is stated that Mar-
gery de Radcliffe and Henry her son held
3 plough-lands and 6 oxgangs in Bury for
a knight's fee ; Duchy of Lane. Knights'
Fees, bdle. i, no. 1 1 . Margery daughter of
Richard de Radcliffe appeared against Wil-
liam de Rawstorn and Adam son of Robert
de Middleton to enforce them to do suit
at her mill ; De Banco R. 229, m. 66 d.
In 1322 she charged Robert de Walkden
with having come with other malefactors
and disturbers of the peace — probably in
connexion with the rising of Earl Thomas
— and taken from her manor of Bury
sixty cows, twenty-nine oxen, two horses,
ten heifers, &c. ; and Robert was com-
mitted to prison ; Coram Rege R. 254,
m. 69 d. Margery was living in 1334;
Coram Rege R. 298, Rex m. i d.; she was
also living in 1336 as appears by a later
case cited. She presented to the rectory
in 1319, 1323, and 1331 ; and Henry
son of Sir Henry de Bury in 1335, as
will be seen by the list of rectors. This
presentation is almost the only recorded
act of the younger Henry. In 1348 Alice,
then widow of Roger de Pilkington, ap-

pears to have been in undisputed posses-
sion ; De Banco R. 354, m. 3 d.

In Oct. 1351 Henry son of Margery de
Radcliffe made his claim to the manor of
Bury, except twenty-one messuages, 300
acres of land, 300 acres of meadow, 300
acres of wood, and 2s. rent. The defend-
ants were Alice and Roger, widow and
son of Roger de Pilkington, and a number
of others holding lands within the manor.
The fine of 1313 was adduced ; Henry de
Bury, Margery, and the younger Henry
were all dead ; but Margery had alienated
the manor to Henry, the plaintiff; Henry
had also secured a release from one Adam
de Bury, described as the true heir of
Henry the elder ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. i, m. 7. Henry son of Margery de
Radcliffe also claimed forty messuages,
600 acres of land, &c., in Bury, Totting-
ton, and Middleton ; ibid. m. 7 d. Similar
statements as to the succession were made
in reply to a claim to messuages and houses
in Bury put forward at the same time by
John de Radcliffe, the defendants being
Alice and Roger de Pilkington and John
son of William de Bury ; ibid. m. 2 d.
In this case the jury found that Henry
son of Sir Henry died before Margery ;
and that Adam, the true heir, was a
younger son of Sir Henry.

The name of the plaintiff Henry's
father is not given in these suits, but he
is called Henry de Bury, and may have
been, like Adam, a son of Sir Henry born
after the fine of 1313 ; see Dep. Keeper' t
Rep. xxxii, App. 348.

A further claim made by Henry son of
Margery in 1353 was defeated, the jury
again finding that Henry son of Henry de
Bury died before Margery, and that the
plaintiff was not ;"« rerum natura in 1313 ;
Assize R. 435, m. 21 d. In the following
year Henry son of Margery did not pro-
secute a claim he made against John de
Radcliffe the elder; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 3, m. i. John de Radcliffe was more
successful in 1355 against the Pilking-
tons, it being found that the lands he
claimed were his free tenement, and that
Alice de Pilkington had wrongly entered
into possession; ibid. R. 4, m. 27 d. About
the same time Henry son of Margery was
also successful in a claim to certain lands,
it being found that these were in Totting-
ton and not in Bury ; ibid. m. 28 d. It
is here stated that the quitclaim by Adam,
the son and true heir of Sir Henry de
Bury, was dated in 1336. The dispute
still continued in the following year ; ibid.
R. 5, m. 19 d., 20 d. See Lanes. Inq. p.m.
{ Chet. Soc.), ii, 175.

81a In spite of the claims put forward
Roger de Pilkington appears to have re-
tained possession, contributing to the aid
of 1 346-5 5 as lord of Bury ; Feud. Aids,
iii, 87. He probably made a settle-
ment of the manor in 1350, a fine of
,£100 being recorded in that year for an

130

« alienation ' ; Accts. (Exch. Q.R.), bdle.
108, m. 34. From a suit of July 1354,
it appears that lands in the Rhodes which
William the Baxter of Stockport had
granted to Margery de Radcliffe de-
scended to Roger de Pilkington, who
obtained a quitclaim from Almarica,
William's widow ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 3, m. 3d. In 1368 Sir Roger de Pil-
kington again made a formal statement of
his title ; De Banco R. 431, m. 351.

An account of the family is given under
Pilkington in Prestwich. In 1421 it was
found that Sir John de Pilkington had
held a moiety of the manor and the ad-
vowson of the church in conjunction with
Margery his wife, and also a fourth part
of the manor by grant of his father, while
he had given the other fourth part to his
ion Sir John de Pilkington and Margaret
his wife ; the whole manor was held of
the king as of his duchy of Lancaster ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc. ii, 179). A
number of the Pilkington charters of the
period 1420-50 are copied in Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xxxviii, fol. 1—17.

In 1431 Sir John Pilkington was in
possession ; Feud. Aids, iii, 96. So also
in 1445-6, the reliefbeing stated as 1001.5
Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no.
20. In 1443 Sir John Pilkington com-
plained that the bailiff of Salfordshire had
unjustly distrained his cattle at Redvales
(Redyuals). The bailiff asserted that
Bury was held of the king by knight's
service, to wit, by homage, fealty, and
scutage, and by the service of doing suit
at the king's wapentake of Salford every
three weeks, by the rent of 10*. called
castle ward, and by the rent of 8*. ; and
the castle ward rent being in arrear for
four years, he had taken four oxen. Sir
John denied that this rent was due from
him ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 5, m. i6b. In
1483 it was returned that Sir Thomas
Pilkington paid 8*. yearly for Bury and
los. for ward of Lancaster Castle ; Duchy
of Lane. Misc. 130.

88 Pat. 4 Hen. VII, 23 Feb. In the
inquisition after the death of Thomas, the
second earl, in 1521, it was found that he
had held the manor of Bury and tene-
ments there of the king, as of his duchy of
Lancaster by the service of one knight's
fee and by the rent of 8*. ; it was worth
£30 clear per annum. Sir Henry Halsall
was appointed steward of Bury and Pil-
kington in 1509, with an annuity of £10;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 68.

At that time (1519-20) there were four
constables of Bury, appearing at the court
of Tottington. The bailiff of the latter
manor complained that he had not been
allowed to distrain within the lordship of
Bury for several amercements, and that
stray sheep seized within Tottington had
been driven off by servants of the Earl of
Derby. The earl had liberty of waif and
stray within Bury, and after the sheep

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

scended regularly to the fifteenth earl,33 who in 1872
sold his rights, the advowson excepted, to the Improve-
ment Commissioners, who have been succeeded by
the present corporation. He remained the principal
landowner, as his successor, the present earl, still is.

The principal incidents of the tenure by the
Pilkingtons were the grant of a weekly market and
two fairs about 1440," and the licence in 1465 to
fortify the manor-house of Bury, afterwards known as
the Castle.35

At the beginning of last century three courts leet
were held annually for the manor of Bury — in April, at
Whitsuntide, and in October ; a court baron was held
every three weeks for the recovery of debts under 4O/.36

A family bearing the local surname long continued
to have lands within the parish ; 37 they may have
been descended from the former lords of the manor.
The bridge appears to have given a surname to a
resident family.38 CHESH4M, sometimes called a
manor, was once owned by the Holts of Stubley.39
A family named Allen formerly lived at Redvales.40
Haslum also occurs.41 The Hulmes of Davyhulme
had property in Bury."

A petition for the delimitation of the bounds of
Bury and Middleton was addressed to the Chancellor
of the Duchy about 1 520."

The custom of the county as to the distribution of
the goods of intestates led to disputes in the latter

had been recovered by his servants pro-
clamation was, as usual, made in the
market of Bury, and they were delivered
to their owners ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 84-8. The earl
was said to hold the manor of Bury,
'to be one of the four judgers' at
every court held within the lordship of
Tottington ; Duchy of Lane. Dep. xii,
Gia.

The manors of Bury and Pilkington
with the advowson of Bury were among
the dower lands of Charlotte, Countess of
Derby, in 1652, and she was allowed to
compound for them. The ' old rents ' of
Bury in 1640 amounted to ,£163 81. gd.,
and the tolls of fairs and markets to £10;
Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 182, 184.

M The manor of Pilkington, the ad-
vowson of Bury, &c., were included in a
settlement by William, Earl of Derby, in
1677; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 199, m.
55. The advowson of Bury and other pro-
perties were in the hands of John, Earl of
Anglesey, and Henrietta Maria his wife
in 1708 ; ibid. bdle. 260, m. 53. The
manors of Bury and Pilkington, with the
advowson of Bury, were included in a
general arrangement in 1715 ; ibid. bdle.
276, m. 71. The manors of Bury and
Pilkington and the ' perpetual advowson,
presentation, donation, and the free dis-
position of the church of Bury' were like-
wise included in a recovery of the estates
of Edward, Earl of Derby, the first of
the Bickerstaffe line, in 1 747 ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 567, m. 3. There were
similar recoveries in 1776 and 1797 ;
ibid. R. 623, m. ia ; Assize R. 10, Aug.
Assizes, 37 Geo. III.

84 Henry VI about 1440 granted to Sir
John Pilkington a weekly market on
Friday and two fairs of three days each at
the feasts of St. George and the Nativity
of Our Lady ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
xxxviii, fol. i.

Edward IV seems to have confirmed
or varied this grant to Thomas Pilkington;
Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 299. In the ijth and l8th
centuries Thursday was the market day.

Thomas Chetham of Nuthurst com-
plained that having been appointed
(Fin 1521) bailiff of the manors of Bury and
Pilkington for eighteen years during the
minority of the heir, he had exercised his
office till 22 April, ' on which day yearly
time out of mind hath been a fair within
the said manor of Bury' ; but John
Greenhalgh and about six score ' misruled
and riotous persons,' provided with bills,
gleaves, batts, staves, swords, and bucklers,
assaulted at the toll booth, commanded
him ' not to be so hardy nor further to
intermeddle in the said office of baili-
wick,' and made a solemn cry in the fair
that all should obey only the orders of

John Greenhalgh, as deputy bailiff of Sir
Richard Tempest ; Clowes D.

In 1826 the Thursday market had long
been obsolete, but custom had established
one on Saturday. Fairs were held on
5 March, 3 May, and 1 8 September ;
Baines, Lanes. Dir. i, 581.

85 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxvii, App. 179 ;
licence to Thomas Pilkington to build,
fortify, and caste-Hate a mansion within his
manor of Bury. It appears to have fallen
into decay very quickly, as Leland about
1535 speaks of it as a ruin ; I tin. vii, 49.

It ' stood in Castle croft, close to the
town, on the banks of the old course of
the Irwell' ; Baines, Dir. i, 576. The
* old course ' is represented by the boun-
dary of the township of Elton. There is
a plan in Aikin's Country Round Manches-
ter, 269 ; and a description of remains
found in 1864 in Trans. Hist. Soc. xx,
1 7-20 ; and see Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq.
Soc. xxii, 152. Some of the stones, show-
ing the masons' marks, have been built
into the walls of the volunteer drill hall.

86 Baines, Dir. i, 580.

•7 Alan son of William de Bury it
named in 1357 ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 6, m. i d.

James Bury, who died about 1515, had
various messuages and lands in Bury,
Middleton, and Tottington, held of the
king as of his duchy of Lancaster by the
sixth part of a knight's fee ; Ralph, the
son and heir, aged forty in 1521, had been
an idiot from his birth, and his uncle
Rawlin, brother of James, was the next
heir ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 34.
Ralph died in 1539, and was succeeded by
his cousin Gilbert, son of Rawlin ; ibid.
viii, no. 24.

There is nothing to show in what part
of the manor (or parish) of Bury their
lands were situated.

88 Henry de Bury in 1309 claimed 4
acres of land and half an acre of meadow
against Robert del Bridge ; De Banco R.
1 79, m. 206 d. ; and three years after-
wards the defendant called upon John son
and heir of John de Heaton to warrant
him; ibid. R. 195, m. 219 d. It was
found that John, the heir, was a minor,
and the case was adjourned till he should
be of age ; ibid. R. 198, m. 36 d.

Geoffrey del Bridge in 13 13-14 claimed
common of pasture in Bury against Henry
de Bury, Hugh son of Thomas de Long-
worth, and others ; but it was shown
that Geoffrey had no land except an ap-
provement from the waste, to which
common of pasture did not pertain ; Assize
R. 424, m. i.

89 Geoffrey son of John del Holt in
1345 purchased a messuage and lands
from Henry de Broxop (Broksoppe) and
Margery his wife ; Final Cone, ii, 121.

Robert del Holt of ' Chesum ' is named
in 1428-9 ; ibid, iii, 125.

In the inquisition (1555) after the
death of Robert Holt of Stubley, his lands
in Bury are stated to have been held of
the Crown by knight's service ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 48. Robert Holt,
his nephew and heir, who died two years
later, settled a part of his land in Ches-
ham and Bury on his wife Cecily for her
life ; ibid, x, no. 7. The succeeding
Robert Holt, who died 1561, held his
lands in Bury of the Earl of Derby in
socage by a rent of 41. $d. for all services;
ibid, xi, no. 15. John Holt of Stubley,
who died in 1622, held the 'manors' of
Naden and Chesham ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 336.

Chesham for over a century descended
with Naden (and Stubley) ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 63, no. 177 ; 198, m. 92.
In 1708 the manor of Chesham, with
lands, houses, water-mill, horse-mill,
dovecote, &c., in Chesham, Bury, Tot-
tington, Elton, Middleton, &c., were the
subject of a settlement by James Holt,
Dorothy [Grantham] his wife, Vincent
Grantham, and Edward Jodrell the elder ;
ibid. bdle. 261, m. 84.

40 Captain John Allen was summoned
by the heralds in 1664 ; Dugdale, Vith.
p. v. There is a pedigree in Raines' MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xxxi, fol. 84, 85, from which
it appears that John Allen had a soa
Richard, whose daughter Elizabeth married
William Dawson of Manchester, and was
the mother of James Dawson, executed
for participation in the rebellion of 1745.
Captain Allen's daughter Dorothy was
mother of John Byrom of Kersal.

41 Isabel wife of John de Wakefield in
1313-14 claimed Haslum against Henry
de Bury and Richard Spacald ; Assize R.
424, m. i.

Robert Nevill, son and heir of Sir
Thomas, by William Bradford his guardian,
complained in 1429 that Sir John Pil-
kington had disseised him of three mes-
suages, 200 acres of land, &c., in Bury
and Haslum, held of Sir John in socage,
by the service of id. a year, and grinding
his corn without multure at the mill of
Bury. Sir John replied that the tenure
was knight's service, and that Robert,
being a minor, was his ward. The jury,
however, found for the plaintiff ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 2, m. 21.

Adam de Haslum occurs in 1256 ;
Final Cone, i, 120. The surname con-
tinued to be common in the district.
Haslam Brow lies to the south of Bury ;
Haslem Hey is in Elton.

42 Final Cone, iii, 102 ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xviii, no. 9. The land was
called Quistondene, and was perhaps in
Walmersley ; there are deeds about it
(1276 and 1427) in Court of Wards,
Deeds and Evidences, box 153, no. i, 7.

48 Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 239.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

part of the same century.44 There were also disputes
as to the mills.45

The township was formerly governed
BOROUGH by the constables appointed at the
manor court at Whitsuntide.46 In
1846, however, the inhabitants obtained an Improve-
ment Act, under which the
^* /ff\ government was entrusted to
| ^/yiU twenty-seven commissioners
elected by the ratepayers ; 47
and after thirty years a royal
charter was granted incorpo-
rating a borough.48 The
council consists of a mayor, ten
aldermen, and thirty council-
lors. The area, more exten
sive than the old township,4"
is divided into five wards —
Church, Redvales, East, Moor-
side, and Elton, each electing
six councillors. Bury became
a parliamentary borough on
the passing of the Reform Act
of 1 8 3 2 ; it returns one mem-
ber.50 The municipal and
parliamentary boroughs are conterminous. Bury
became a county borough in 1888. A coat of arms
was granted in 1877.

Gas51 and water" were formerly supplied by
private companies, but are now under public control.
The corporation have established electric lighting
works and work the electric tramways. The market,
formerly held in the open square by the church, was
in 1841 transferred to an inclosure erected by the
Earl of Derby, who received the tolls ; it was roofed
with glass in i867,53 and, with the market rights,
became the property of the town in 1872. The
present market was built in 1901. The Town Hall
was erected by the Earl of Derby in 1850. The
Improvement Commissioners and Corporation have

BOROUGH OF BURY.
Quarterly argent and azure
a cross double parted, fret-
ted and counter changed be-
tween, in the fir it quarter
an anvil sable, in the second
a fleece or, in the third t-wo
shuttles crossed saltirewise
of the fourth, and in the
fourth quarter a papyrus
plant proper.

provided baths, recreation grounds, art gallery,54
library, and technical schools,55 fire brigade,
abattoirs, a cemetery, opened in i866-9,56 and an
infectious diseases hospital. The Bury Hospital and
Dispensary are due to private benevolence.57

The Athenaeum, began in 1836 as a mechanics' in-
stitution, was built in 1850 ; it has a library, reading
and other rooms, and a large hall for meetings.58

Bury County Court district was formed in 1 847-89

The parish church was adequate for the established
worship until 1770, when St. John's was built on
glebe land called Listerfield ; a district was assigned
to it in i86o.60 St. Paul's, built in 1841, had a
district assigned two years later.61 Holy Trinity,
opened in 1863, had also to wait two years for a
legal district.6* St. Thomas's was built by Thomas
Openshaw, a local benefactor, in i866,M St. Peter's,
Redvales, in 1872," and St. Mark's, Freetown, in
l883-65 The rector of Bury holds the patronage of
all these churches except St. Paul's, which is in the
gift of five trustees.

John Wesley visited Bury seven times, the first in
1 7 74, the last in 1778. The Wesleyan Methodists have
two churches, the Primitive Methodists one, and the
United Methodist Church six, of which Brunswick, the
principal, was opened in 1837 and rebuilt in I862.66

The Baptists have three churches.67

The Congregationalists began services about 1 790,
the first chapel, now known as New Road Chapel,
being opened in 1793 ; it was rebuilt in 1884—5. A
second, Bethel, was started by a secession from the
former in 1804, due probably to a desire for more
liberal doctrine ; the chapel was built in 1 807, and
enlarged in 1882. A second secession led to the
building of Castlecroft Church in 1837-40. The
chapel at Blackford Bridge originated with services in
1869 ; a school chapel was opened in 1875, and on
this being destroyed by fire, the present building was
erected in i888.63

There are also a Welsh Calvinistic Methodist

44 Lawrence Grime of Shropshire al-
leged that children of intestate parents in
Lancashire ought to have the clear estate
divided equally among them, except an
heir had been declared or some promo-
tion or advancement had been made to
some of the children during the parents'
lives. The custom was denied by Oliver
Grimes ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, civ, G,
8 ; cvii, G, 4.

4& Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 325 ;
Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. ii, 267. These dis-
putes appear to have been renewed in the
latter part of the I7th century; Raines
MSS. xxxi, fol. 342-4.

The will of James Greenhalgh (1524),
lessee of Bury Mill, is printed in Piccope,
Wills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 203.

46 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), ii, 673.

4? 9 & 10 Viet. cap. 293. The Local
Government Act of 1858 was adopted
Between 1864 and 1870; Land. Gaz.
*6 Aug. 1864; 20 Nov. 1866; 8 July
1870. Other Improvement Acts were
passed in 1872 (increasing the number of
commissioners to thirty, and giving further
powers) and 1882; 35 & 36 Viet. cap.
146 ; 45 & 46 Viet. cap. 170.

^8 Dated 9 Sept. 1876.

*9 See a former note.

50 The members have almost invariably
1>een Liberals ; Pink and Beaven, Par/.
Rep re. of Lanes. 327-30. In the early part
of last century there was a great variety

of political parties — Painites, Jacobins,
Rumpers, Republicans, Carlilites, and
Chartists ; Barton, Bury, 7. The story
of the earlier elections is told in the same
work, 165-91.

61 Gas was made as early as 1818 ;
Barton, Bury, 101. The gasworks, first
erected by a private company formed in
1828, were purchased by the Improve-
ment Commissioners in 1857. The
streets had been lighted with gas from
1836.

5a The Bury and Radcliffe Waterworks
Company, formed in 1838, supplied water,
but its works were acquired by the Im-
provement Commissioners, and passed to
the corporation. The Bury and District
Joint Water Board, formed in 1900, now
owns the works, which have numerous
reservoirs.

58 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 522. A
Market Act was passed in 1834.

54 It contains the Wrigley collection of
pictures, &c.

55 Opened in 1894.

56 The Commissioners became the
burial board in 1864 (Lond. Gaz. 14 June).

57 The first dispensary is said to have
been due to Rector John Stanley ; the
present institution was founded in 1829.
The hospital was built in 1882, and en-
larged in 1893.

58 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 522;
Barton, Bury, 127.

132

89 Lond. Gaz. 10 Mar. 1847.

60 Ibid. 25 Jan. 1860. The original
provisions as to the pews are given in
Barton, Bury, 150, 152.

61 For endowment see Lond. Gaz.
28 July 1863. The site was given by
Lord Derby; Barton, Bury, 153, 154.

MLond. Gaz. 6 Feb. 1866; endow-
ments, ibid, ii May 1866, and 30 July
1869. The schools were erected about
1 849, and service was held in them from
1 86 1 ; Barton, Bury, 154.

63 For district see Lond. Gaz. 21 May
1867 ; Barton, Bury, 155.

64 For district see Lond. Gaz. 1 1 Feb.
1873 ; Barton, Bury, 156.

65 The Sunday school began in a room
in Hudcar Mill in 1826 ; in 1850 a school
building was erected and service was held
in it; Barton, Bury, 156, 157.

66 The Wesleyan Methodist chapel in
Union Street was built in 1815-17; it has
a burial-ground. The New Connexion
had a chapel in Bury Lane in 1813 ; the
Primitive Methodists opened a preaching-
room in 1824 ; Baines, Lanes. Dir. i, 577.
The present Primitive Methodist chapel
was opened in 1866. For particulars as
to the United Methodist Free Church see
Barton, Bury, 159.

*7 That in Tenterden Street dates from
1845 ; that at Chesham from 1881.

68 Full details are given in Nightingale,
Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 185-210.

SALFORD HUNDRED

church and a Free Christian church ; this last
originated in a change of the views of the Rev.
Franklin Howorth, the Unitarian minister.69 The
Salvation Army has a barracks.

In Bury, as in many other places, the earliest
chapel opened by Protestant Nonconformists is now
held by Unitarians. Silver Street Chapel was erected
in lyig,70 and the teaching became Arian or
Unitarian about 1790, this no doubt leading to
the first Congregational meeting above recorded.
The old chapel was replaced by another in Silver
Street in 1837, and this again having been injured
by the construction of the railway, by the present
one in Bank Street in 1852." The Unitarians have
also a cemetery and mortuary chapel at Hole Bottom.

The followers of Joanna Southcote had a meeting-
room in Bury in 1829." The Swedenborgians
opened a New Jerusalem chapel in 1 860, but it has
been abandoned.

The Roman Catholic church of Our Blessed Lady
was built in 1842," and St. Joseph's in 1871.

ELTON

Elton, 1275.

This L-shaped township stretches westward from
Bury for about 3 miles, and northward for z\ miles,
and has an area of 2,553 ac1"68-1 The part near Bury
has long been urban, and indistinguishable from Bury
proper except by the Irwell's course. The surface in
the western limb rises gradually till 800 ft. is attained
in the north-west corner at Bowstone Hill ; in this
portion are Elton proper and Walshaw Lane. The
northern limb, bounded on the east by the Irwell,
also rises to the west, over 400 ft. being attained ;
this portion contains Brandlesholme in the centre,
with Woodhill to the south and Summerseat to the
north. The population of the registration district
was 13,997 in 1901.

BURY

From Bury Bridge the roads spread out to the north,
north-west, west, and south-west, to Haslingden,
Blackburn, and Bolton. The Lancashire and York-
shire Company's Bolton and Bury line crosses the
south-eastern corner. The Bury and Bolton Canal,
opened in 1796, starts in this township near Bury
Bridge, and proceeds along the western bank of the
Irwell ; there is a large reservoir for it on the border
of Elton and Radcliffe.

In 1666 there were seventy-five hearths to con-
tribute to the tax, including Thomas Greenhalgh's
house with twelve, Thomas Symonds's, six, and Roger
Kay's of Woodhill, six.'

The cotton manufacture is the chief industry, with
bleaching and dyeing ; there are iron-foundries and
paper-works.

The Wellington Barracks are the ddp6t of the
2Oth Regimental District Lancashire Fusiliers.

The recreation ground was the gift of Mr. Henry
Whitehead of Haslem Hey.

Elton has now disappeared as a township, the greater
part having been added to the borough of Bury, but
part to Ainsworth and other townships.*

There does not appear to have been
MANORS any manor of ELTON, although in the
1 3th century a family occurs bearing the
local surname.* Elton was considered a hamlet of
Bury, and its manorial history is involved in the
latter's.5

The estate of BRANDLESHOLME in Elton,
however, was called a manor. Its early possessors 6
gave way to the Greenhalghs, who retained it till
the beginning of the i8th century. But little is
known of this family, who are said to have sprung up
in Tottington,7 until the i6th century. Henry de
Greenhalgh and Alice his wife made settlements of
their estate in Bury and Tottington in 1397 and
1398." Thomas Greenhalgh died at Brandlesholme

89 Lanes. Noneon. iii, 182, 183 ; he
became a Trinitarian.

<° The expenses of the building are
given in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi,
fol. 436.

71 Nightingale, op. cit. iii, 178-84.

72 J. Butterworth, Bury (reprint, 1902),
II.

78 There was, however, a chapel about
1829; ibid. 'In 1821 there were not
more than five Catholic families in the
town, when mass was said once a month
in the upper room of a wool warehouse.
In 1834 the first resident priest was ap-
pointed ' ; Kelly, Engl. Cath, Mission, 1 1 1.

1 2,079, including 77 of inland water ;
Census Rep. 1901.

3 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

8 The final change was made in 1894 ;
Local Govt. Bd. Order 31671.

4 Alexander de Elton and Richard his
son were defendants to a claim made by
Adam de Bury in 1278 ; it was shown
that Adam was never in seisin of the
tenement in dispute; Assize R. 1238,
m. 32.

5 Elton Carr is named in a Pilkington
feoffment of 1435 ; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), xxxviii, fol. 9.

6 The name appears to be BrandulPs
holme. Gilbert son of Brandulf and
Matthew his brother were in 1253-4
among a number of Bury people who had
evaded the suits of mill claimed by Adam
de Bury; Curia Regis R. 154, m. i6d.,
17. John son of Richard de Brandles-
holme (?) had a grant of fruits at the

Rhodes in 1281; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 155/191-

Henry de Hull and Margaret his wife
claimed messuages and lands in * Brandol-
festone' in 1305 against Richard, son of
Juliana, daughter of Richard de Brandies-
holme ; De Banco R. 154, m. 146 d.

Richard son of Henry del Hill in 1343
gave all his land in Cecilyhalgh and
Woodridding in the hamlet of Brandies-
holme in the vill of Bury to Henry de
Bury ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 847.

7 They were the hereditary bailiffs ;
Whitaker, Whalley, i, 327.

Maud de Greenhalgh contributed to
the subsidy in Tottington in 1332 ; Excb.
Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),

37-

John de Greenhalgh, Serjeant of Tot-
tington, occurs in 1351 and later in the
disputes concerning the succession to Sir
Henry de Bury's manor and lands ; Duchy
of Lane. Assize R. I, m. 7 d. ; R. 4,
m. 28 d. John de Greenhalgh was
wounded at Bury in 1343 by John de
Buckden ; Assize R. 430, m. 16.

The surname has a great variety of
spellings — Grenehalgh, Greneholl, Gren-
oll, Greenall, Greenhaugh, Greenhough,
Greenough, &c. It is probably de-
rived from some place in Tottington,
as stated in the pedigree recorded in
1664. Another branch of the family
had lands in Tottington, as will appear
later.

8 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 50, 52. The estate consisted

»33

of three messuages, 48 acres of (arable)
land, &c., in Bury and Tottington ; the
remainders were to John and to Geoffrey,
sons of Henry and Alice ; to Alice and
Margery, daughters of Thomas son of
Thomas de Barlow (in moieties), and to
John son of William de Elton ; and to the
right heirs of Alice the wife of Henry.

Henry de Greenhalgh and Alice his
wife in 1401 unsuccessfully claimed the
guardianship of the heir of Robert del
Holt, Robert's wife having been Alice
daughter of Alice by a former husband,
Thomas de Barlow. John, the son of
Henry and Alice, is named ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. i, m. 24^. Henry was a juror in
1387 and 1394 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet.
Soc.), i, 27, 49. Robert de Greenhalgh
occurs similarly in 1406 ; ibid, i, 88.

Geoffrey de Greenhalgh, aged forty, was
a witness to the age of John de Radcliffe
of Chadderton in 1415 ; Lanes. Rec. Inq.
p.m. no. 19, 20. James son of Geoffrey
de Greenhalgh the elder was interested
in the succession to lands in Moston in
1427 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.) ii,
18 ; while in 1419 James the son
and heir of Geoffrey de Greenhalgh —
no doubt the same person — had claimed
lands in Bury, with appurtenances at
Blackburn (perhaps in Tottington), and
obtained an Inspeximus of the record in
1444-5 5 Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 538.

In 1425 the trustees of James sons of
Geoffrey Greenhalgh granted him lands
in Horwich with successive remainders
as follows : To John son of Henry

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

on 1 8 July 1576, holding the manor, with various
messuages and lands, of Henry, Earl of Derby, as lord
of Bury, in socage by a rent of ^s. a year. John his
son and heir was about twenty-six years of age.9 John
Greenhalgh was buried on
21 January 1614-15 ;10 but
his son Thomas had died in
1591," leaving an infant son
John to succeed his grand-
father. The family were in
the service of the Earls of
Derby," and John Greenhalgh
was in 1 640 appointed Gover-
nor of the Isle of Man ; ls and
holding this office at the time
of the Civil War, his estates in
Lancashire were seized by the
Parliamentary authorities. He
died in the island 16 September 1651," and was

GREENHALGH of Bran-
dlesholme. Argent on a
tend sable three hunting-
bornt stringed of the ftld.

succeeded by his grandson Thomas, son of Richard
Greenhalgh, born in i633.15

Thomas Greenhalgh recorded a pedigree in i664,18
and married Elizabeth elder child of Dr. Henry
Bridgeman, Dean of Chester and Bishop of Man, by
whom he had a large family.17 He was sheriff of the
county in 1 667-8. 18 In his will, dated 1692, John
his son is named as the heir,19 but appears to have died
without issue, as Henry, another son, is described as
of Brandlesholme in 1728. On his dying intestate,
administration was in that year granted to his daugh-
ters Fanny and Anne.10 The manor descended to
Elizabeth wife of Samuel Matthews, who in 1732,
and again in 1742, made settlements of it.*1 In
1770 Joseph Matthews and Elizabeth Matthews,
widow, were two of the vouchees in a recovery of
Brandlesholme and the other estates.1* About
that time it was sold to Richard Powell of Heaton
Norris, a merchant. In 1849 Brandlesholme

Greenhalgh ; Henry son of the said John ;
Rayner Greenhalgh and Thurstan his
brother ; Robert and Thomas, sons of
William Greenhalgh ; Geoffrey son of
John Greenhalgh ; Thomas and Ralph,
sons of Roger Greenhalgh ; and Robert
ton of Thomas Greenhalgh ; Anderton
Evidences (Mr. Stonor), no. i.

Edmund Greenhalgh attested a charter
in 1462 ; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 164^,
no. 1 8. He in 1479, being described as of
Brandlesholme, obtained a general pardon ;
Add. MS. 32108, no. 1443. He seems
to have been charged with a share in the
death of Thurstan Kay 5 Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 32, m. 7 d. In 1500 he was re-
lieved from attendance on juries ; Towne-
ley MS. CC, no. 690. In the same year
Thomas Greenhalgh, son and heir appa-
rent of Edmund, became bound in ,£200
to Robert Langley of Agecroft, probably
in connexion with the marriage between
his son John and Anne Langley recorded
in the pedigree ; Agecroft D. 93.

In 1519 John Greenhalgh, as bailiff
of Tottington, made a complaint of
various trespasses and offences against the
customs of the fee ; Duchy Plead, (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 84 ; see also
ii, 1 08. In 1525 he complained that
Thomas Buckley, who had a lease of
lands from him in Tottington, had made
waste therein ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 145,
m. 4 d. He was the leader in disturb-
ances in Bury Church in 1526; Duchy
Plead, i, 151. He died in 1555 or 1556,
leaving a son and heir Thomas of lawful
age ; Mancb. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 29. John's
widow Anne died at the beginning of
1567 ; her will contains a number of
family bequests, including some to her
son Thomas. To John Greenhalgh (prob-
ably her grandson) and his wife she left,
among other things, a chalice with a
paten and all things belonging unto the
chapel, which were to descend as heir-
looms with Brandlesholme ; Hugh Hard-
man (not named in the Visitation Lists)
seems to have been the resident priest ;
Piccope, frills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 136-8.

A settlement of the manor of Brandles-
holme, with lands in Bury, Moston, New-
ton, Collyhurst, Horwich, and Spotland,
was made by Thomas Greenhalgh in
1556 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 17,
m. 137.

9 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 10 ;
it is recited that the recovery of 1556 was
in consideration of a marriage between
John son and heir of the said Thomas

Greenhalgh, and Alice daughter of Robert
Holt of Stubley, the remainder being to
John and Alice and their heirs. See
Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. i, 180, where
there is a note of Thomas's will. John
Greenhalgh, the heir, did not attend the
Manchester court to do his service until
1585 ; ibid, i, 184, 235, 253,

A settlement of the Brandlesholme
estate, including three fulling mills, was
made in 1591 by John Greenhalgh, Alice
his wife, and Thomas the son and heir
apparent ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
53, m. 295.

10 Bury Reg.

11 He was buried 17 Sept. ; ibid. An
inquisition was made in 1599, when it
was found that John the father was seised
of the manor of Brandlesholme and other
estates, and had in 1585 made a settle-
ment on the marriage of his son Thomas
with Mary daughter of Robert Holt.
Thomas died 16 Sept. 1591, leaving a
son John, two years of age ; John the
father and Alice his wife were in 1599
living at Brandlesholme, and Mary the
widow of Thomas was living at Middle-
ton ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii,
no. 61.

13 The seventh earl, in his praise of
Captain John Greenhalgh, says : ' His
ancestors have formerly dwelt in my
house. . . . This certainly might breed
a desire in the man that the house where
his predecessors have served might still
flourish ' ; Stanley Papers (Chet. Soc.), iii
(B), 12.

18 Ibid, n, 12; the earl praises him
for his government of the island, stating
that he was 'a gentleman well born,'
having ' a good estate of his own,' which
he had managed well ; also that he had
done ' his king and country good service '
and been 'approved valiant." He con-
cludes : ' He is such that I thank God for
him.' See further accounts by Canon
Raines, ibid. pp. cxxxii-cxxxiv, and Assbe-
ton's Journ. (Chet. Soc.), 6. He paid
£25 in 1631 on refusing knighthood ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
216.

14 He is traditionally supposed to have
fought at Worcester, distinguishing him-
self by his bravery ; see Diet. Nat. Stag.

16 Royalist Corap. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 107-15 (John
Greenhalgh), 115-27 (Thomas Green-
halgh). Alice Greenhalgh, widow of
John, had been the wife of Richard Burgh
of Larbreck, and was sister of Thomas

Chaderton of Lees ; she petitioned for
her lands. Nothing is said about her
husband having fought at Worcester. The
agreement for the marriage of Richard
son of John Greenhalgh with Alice
daughter of Edward Rawstorne was
made in 1631, and is printed at length.
Richard died in Jan. 1635-6, being
buried at the parish church on the igth.
Thomas Greenhalgh, the son and heir,
petitioned for a declaration of his title to
the manor, his grandfather's name having
been included in the third of the Acts of
Sale, 1652 ; Peacock, Index of Royalistt
(Index Soc.), 41.

16 Dugdale, Vint. (Chet. Soc.), 124-6.

W Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby), i,
267. In 1682 Thomas Greenhalgh of
Brandlesholme and his sons John, Henry,
Orlando, and Richard, were made bur-
gesses at the Preston Gild ; Pres. Guild
Rolls (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
1 86.

Adam Martindale relates that having
about 1670 kept 'a day of preaching and
prayer' in 'a dark corner' of the parish,
Dean Bridgeman being at his son-in-law's
house, and hearing of it, caused an arrest
to be made. ' I was carried before the
reverend Dean, who, knowing me well, said
he wondered that I would expose myself
to the lash of the law for conventicling,
and that under his nose.' However,
' after some other discourse in a loving
and familiar way he dismissed me, pre-
tending kindness to me for my Lord
Delamere's sake.' On a trial the charge
was dismissed ; Adam Martindale (Chet.
Soc.), 104-5. '

Oliver Heywood also has allusions to
Thomas Greenhalgh's relations with the
Nonconformists ; Diaries, i, 253 ; ii, 223.

18 P.R.O. Litt, 73.

« Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xvi, fol.
389 ; in 1705 Henry and Orlando were
the sole surviving executors. Henry
Greenhalgh of Brandlesholme acquired
Dauntesey Warth in 1704 ; ibid, xxii,
453. Thomas Greenhalgh died 15 Jan.
1691-2 ; Bury Reg.

80 Raines MSS. xvi, 391.

21 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 307,

m. IS35 329»»»- "I-

M Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 612, m. 6;
Robert Nuttall, merchant, was the other
vouchee. The estate is described as the
manor or lordship of Brandlesholme and
lands, &c., in Elton, Tottington, Walmers-
ley, Kersal, Pendlebury, Preesall, Stal-
mine, Hackinsall, and Stainall.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

POWELL of Brandies-
holme. Gules a lion
rampant within a bar Jure
engrailed or.

belonged to his grandson, Captain Henry Folliott
Powell.23

BRANDLESHOLME HALL stands on high ground
a mile and a half north of Elton, to the west of the
road to Holcombe Brook, and
is now a house of little or no
interest, modern rebuilding and
repairs having deprived it of
all its architectural features. It
was formerly a good specimen
of the half-timber gabled houses
of the district, built on a low
stone base, and erected prob-
ably in the i6th century with
a later stone wing with mul-
lioned windows at the north
end. The greater part of the
external timber-work, however,
appears to have perished or

have been otherwise destroyed before the middle of the
last century, when the house seems to have been in a
more or less dilapidated state, the principal front, which
faces the east, being then patched with plaster and
modern sash windows introduced.'*1 In 1852 the
south end was taken down and rebuilt in brick and
stucco, no attempt being made to reproduce the former
style, and the rest of the building being very much
dilapidated was repaired in 1908 in a manner more
resembling in style the work of 1852 than that of the
original building. Externally, therefore, the house,
which has long been divided into two, preserves
nothing of its ancient appearance, a portion of stone
walling on the north, some brickwork at the back
(west), and a few stone slabs on the roofs, which
have been renewed with blue slates, being all the old
work now left. The interior, however, exhibits a
good deal of the timber construction, and the hall
preserves its wide open fireplace and original oak
ceiling beams. In another room is a portion of a
ceiling with well-moulded oak beams, and other
portions of old timber-work still remain. But the
general aspect of the house, inside as well as out, is
wholly modernized, and new rooms have been added.
On the north-east is a stone barn, and in a corner of
the grounds on the south-west side at the end of a
terrace approached by eight stone steps are the re-
mains of a small stone building, locally said to have

been a chapel, but more probably a summer-house,
with the initials H.G. (Henry Greenhalgh) and the
date 1709 on the door-head.

The Hospitallers owned Haslem Hey, which about
1540 was tenanted by Edward Earl of Derby, at a
rent of 1 zd.u The Holts of Stubley held it of the
earl.15

CHAMBER HALL, on the border of Bury, appears
to have been at one time the residence of a Green-
halgh family,16 and then of the Kays.27 The place
was leased to Robert Peel, who there established his
great cotton-printing works. His son, the celebrated
statesman, was born in the house or in an adjacent
cottage.18 It is a question debated locally whether
Sir Robert or his younger brother was born in this
cottage during some repairs or additions at the hall ;
these additions, which were probably the new brick
front, may not have been begun till after Sir Robert's
birth.19 The hall was used as a Baptist college from
1866 to I874.30

It was situated about 400 yds. directly north
of Bury market-place, on low ground at the
foot of the plateau on which the old town of Bury
was built, and not far from the left bank of the
Irwell. The railway, going north from Bury, passed
close to it on the east, and its surroundings, which
had been growing less attractive for the last
thirty years, were somewhat squalid. In 1825,
however, the house is described as standing * amid
fertile fields,' Sl and the position was no doubt origi-
nally a pleasant one. Of the lyth-century house only
a small portion remained, at the back or north side ;
the front part, which was built of brick and dated
from the latter part of the i8th century, forming the
larger and principal portion of the building. The
old house was of three stories, was built of thin rough
coursed stones with dressed angle quoins, and retained
its old mullioned and transomed windows with label
mouldings, one at the east end on the third floor
having eight lights. The roof was covered with stone
slates, and in the north wall was a stone with an
inscription very much worn, dated 1611. The later
addition was of the same height but of two stories,
breaking the west gable of the old building, and
had a very plain brick elevation, with a central door-
way and two sash windows on each side on the ground
floor, and five similar windows above.8* The house

28 There are rival accounts in the notes
in Assbeton's Journ. 5, 6 ; see also
Notitia Cestr. ii, 29. Francis Mathew,
created Earl of Llandaff in 1797, who is
stated to have sold Brandlesholme, was
the son of Thomas Mathew (who died in
1777) by a daughter of Richard Mathews
of Dublin; G.E.C.Complete Peerage, v, 1 26.

** Pictorial Hist, of Lanes. 1844, p.
247, where there is an illustration of the
building at that date. The writer says :
* The gables seem to have formerly been
adorned with tracery, some vestige of
which still remains. The chimneys are
both very ancient and very ample. Modern
repairs detract from the uniformity and
beauty of the edifice.'

24 Kuerden MSS., v, fol. 84.

25 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 336.

26 Thomas and James Greenhalgh of
Chamber occur in the early part of the
1 7th century ; Bury Reg. A Bury family
also lived there ; ibid.

*7 James Kay of Chamber Hall in
Elton in 1711 sold land in Castlecroft to
Robert Nuttall ; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), xxxi, fol. 350.

38 The history of the Peel family be-
longs to Blackburn. A description of the
works in 1795 is given in Aikin, Country
round Manchester, 268-9.

Robert Peel was selected by Messrs.
Haworth (his uncle) and Yates as their
junior partner and manager of the
works established at Bury about 1770.
He acquired a large fortune. He was
made a baronet in 1800, and died in
1830; Abram, Blackburn, 220 ; Bar-
ton, Bury, 49—96 ; Lanes, and Ches.
Hist, and Gen. Notes, i, 1 30 ; Local Glean-
ings Lanes, and Ches. i, 205 ; Diet. Nat.
Biog.

Sir Robert Peel, the statesman, was his
eldest son, and was born in 1788. His
public career, which was not directly con-
nected with Lancashire, began when he
was twenty-one, his father having bought

135

for him the representation of Cashel, for
which he sat as a Tory. In 1 8 1 7 he was
elected for the University of Oxford, and
afterwards represented other constituencies.
In 1810 he was under-secretary for war
and the colonies, and was in office almost
continuously for twenty years ; prime
minister, 1834-5 ; built up the Conserva-
tive party ; prime minister, 1841-6, when
he pursued the policy of repealing duties ;
continued in his great work of the repeal
of the corn laws, 1846. He refused the
Garter. He died 29 June 1850, having
been thrown from his horse ; Diet. Nat.
Biog.

29 See letter by Viscount Peel in a Bury
newspaper, June 1899, quoted by Manch.
Guardian, i Feb. 1908.

80 Barton, Bury, 95. The college is
now at Rusholme.

81 Corry, Hist, of Lanes, ii, 658.

82 There is an illustration of the old
part of Chamber Hall in The Pictorial
Hist, of Lanes. 1844, p. 250.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

was pulled down in February 1909, the inscribed
stone above referred to being placed in the Bury
Museum.

Somerset, now Summerseat, was held by the Raw-
stornes under the lord of Brandlesholme.88

Woodhill was long the residence of a family named
Kay.54 Roger Kay, the refounder of the grammar
school, was of this family.343

The principal landowners in 1789 were : Powell
for Brandlesholme, Peel for Chamber Hall, Richard
Bridge, Mrs. Nuttall for Woodhill, and Mrs. Johnson
for Seddon's."

In connexion with the Established Church, All Saints'
was built in 1843, and had a separate district assigned
to it in I844-36 St. Stephen's, built in 1881, had a
district assigned to it three years later.37 The patron-
age of these churches is vested in the rector of Bury
and the vicar of All Saints' respectively. Christ
Church, Walshaw Lane, was built in 1892 as a
memorial to Jesse Haworth of Walshaw Mill, who
died in 1897, by his sister Miss Nancy Haworth and
his nephew the Rev. John Gorell Haworth.

The Wesleyan Methodists have two churches in
Elton ; the United Methodist Church one ; and
the Primitive Methodists also one, built in I868.38

For Roman Catholics the school-chapel of Our
Lady of Good Counsel and the Guardian Angels was
built in 1886, and a church in 1892.

HEAP

Hepe, 1278 ; Hewood, 1292.

The greater part of the township of Heap lies on
the south bank of the Roch, and has a detached
portion, called Whittle, between Pilsworth, Uns-
worth, and Middleton ; but there is also a consider-
able area to the north of the stream, containing
Little Bridge, Bridge Hall, and Broad Oak on the

west, and part of Bamford with Jowkin and Meadow-
croft on the east. There are several detached portions,,
due probably to a division of the wastes between
Heap on the one side and Birtle on the other. The
area of the whole is 2,938^ acres.1 The population
of the borough of Hey wood in 1901 was 25,458.

The principal road is that eastward from Bury
across the Roch at Heap Bridge, through Charles-
town and Heady Hill,2 and the town of Heywood,.
where it divides, to Rochdale on the north-west and
Middleton on the south. Another road from Bury
to Rochdale keeps on the northern side of the Roch,
and is joined by a cross road from Heywood through
Hooley Bridge.3

At Heywood all branches of cotton spinning
and manufacture are carried on, and there are iron
and brass foundries, saw mills, boiler and wagon
works ; power looms are made. At Heap Bridge
there are great paper mills, and woollen and cotton
mills.

An urn containing a large number of Roman coins
was found at Plumpton House near Hooley Bridge in
I856.4

There were 126 hearths liable to the tax in 1666.
The largest dwellings were those of Robert Heywood
(with nine hearths), Roger Holt (seven), and William
Bamford (six).5

Heap has disappeared as a township ; the borough
of Heywood has taken the larger part within it, and
other parts have been added to the neighbouring
townships.6

The manorial history of Heap is in-
M4NORS volved with that of Bury, but there are
some estates in the hamlet or township
which appear to have been considered as manors.7

BRIDGE H4LL, on the north bank of the Roch,8
where the road from Bury to Heywood and Middle-
ton crossed the stream, was long held by a branch

88 Thurstan Rawstorne in 1583 had two
messuages and land in Elton, which he
sold or mortgaged to Thomas Warburton ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 45, m. 58.
He was a juror in 1 604 ; Lanes. Jnq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ch.es.), i, 28.

Children of William Rawstorne of Sum-
merseat occur in the Bury Registers,
1610 to 1616, and he was buried 8 Dec.
1618. He also occurs as a juror.

Lawrence Rawsthorne of Summerseat
died early in 1630.; administration of his
effects was granted to his widow Ellen ;
Will* (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 239.

Thurstan Rawstorne, gentleman, died
at Summerseat i Dec. 1634, holding
three messuages, &c., in Elton of John
Greenhalgh of Brandlesholme by the
twentieth part of a knight's fee and a
yearly rent of \d. Ellen his daughter and
heir wa» seven years of age. Ellen his
widow lived at Bolton ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 38.

A right of way over Summerseat was
claimed by Thomas Greenhalgh in 1576
against Thurstan Rawstorne and Lawrence
Bury ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,

43-

The Old Hall, Summerseat, was about
a century ago the residence of Christopher
Roberts, an inventor and mathematician ;
' in his disposition calm and philosophical
he kept aloof from the pursuit of wealth,
and died, as he had lived, blameless.' He
was a Swedenborgian ; Barton, Bury, 245.

84 The name occurs constantly in the
Bury Registers. The will of Roger Kay

of 'Wyddall,' dated 1563, mentions his
son Arthur ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
xvi, fol. 383. Susan daughter of Richard
Kay of ' Widdell ' in 1724 married Robert
Unsworth of Elton ; ibid, xxxi, 290.

843 Roger was the son of Roger Kay,
husbandman, of Bury, and entered St.
John's College, Cambridge, in 1684, as
sizar attending on John the son of Thomas
Greenhalgh, who was at the same time
admitted as a fellow-commoner ; Admis-
sions St. John's Col. ii, 97. He became
fellow of the college (1689-92), rector of
Fittleton and prebendary of Sarum, and
died in 1731 ; Baker, Hist. St. John's
Col. (ed. Mayor), i, 300, 301; Le Neve,
Fasti, iii, 666, 669. In 1726 he en-
dowed the grammar school of Bury with
Chadwick Hall and other estates in Spot-
land, a rent-charge on Ewood Hall in
Haslingden, &c. ; and by his will of 1729
left Ewood and other lands to his nephew
Roger Kay ; the Warth in RadclifFe to his
niece Rachel, wife of Richard Allen,
surgeon ; his other nieces were Dorothy
Sudell, widow, and Susan wife of Roger
Kay of Widdall; Char. Rep. of 1828,
xix, 217,221.

From the Bury Registers it appears that
Roger Kay of Widdall had sons Richard
and Roger, born in 1650 and 1663 re-
spectively ; the latter is the benefac-
tor. Richard Kay of Widdall had a son
Roger, born in 1692, who is the nephew
referred to.

88 Land tax returns at Preston.

86 Lond. Gam. 23 Feb. 1844; for en-

136

dowments, ibid. 3 May 1844 and 10 Aug.
1866. The site was known as Goose
Hill Bank.

8? The schools were erected in 1870.

88 Barton, Bury, 204.

1 The area of Heywood in 1901 was
3,660 acres, including 51 of inland water,
according to the Census Rep.

8 Here was the old district or hamlet
of Lumhalghs or Lomax.

8 For the mill at this place, stopped in
1 86 1 through disputes in the Fenton
family, see Heywood N. and Q. (ed.
J. A. Green), i, 37. This publication
gathers up a number of notes about per-
sons and places in the district.

4 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. ix, 166.

6 Subsidy R. bdle. 250, no. 9 Lanes.

8 Under the Divided Parishes Act, 1882,
Diggles was transferred from Heap to
Birtle-cum-Bamford. The final change
was made in 1894 by Local Govt. Bd.
Order 31671 ; Heap is now divided be-
tween Heywood, Bury, Birtle-with-Bam-
ford, and Unsworth.

7 Heap as a surname occurs, but the
connexion of the family with the place is
not known.

8 In 1278 William son of William del
Bridge successfully claimed a messuage
and an oxgang of land in Bury against
Adam de Bury, Henry son of Cecily de
Heap, and others. Roger de Bolton was
the plaintiffs predecessor in title ; Assize
R. 1238, m. 31. It is not clear whether
or not this was the Bridge family already
noticed in Bury proper.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

of the Holt family,9 who were succeeded by the
Nuttalls ; 10 after whom came the Grundys and the
Wrigleys, now owners.

B4MFORD, also on the north bank of the stream,11
gave its name to the family which owned it from the
1 3th to the I gth century. Adam de Bury granted
all his lands in Bamford to Alexander de Bamford at
a rent of 40^." There is but little record of the
family.13 Henry son of Thomas de Bamford was

outlawed for debt in 1389, and it was found that he
had one messuage at Bamford, held of Sir Roger de
Pilkington in socage by the rent of 3*. 6d.y and
another in Spotland, held of John de Wolstenholme
by a rent of i\d™ Samuel Bamford, who died on
10 June 1629, held the manor of Bamford, with
messuages in Bamford and Bury, of the Earl of Derby
by a rent of 3/. 4^., and also the manor of Wolsten-
holme. The heir was his nephew William Bamford

9 Some deeds of the family may be seen
in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi, fol.
280, &c.

In 1445-6 John Holt of the Bridge,
who also had Stake Hill m Thornham,
agreed with John Clegg of the Mill-house
concerning the marriage of his son Henry
with Margery daughter of John Clegg.
The deed mentions lands formerly held by
Henry Holt and Margery his wife in Bury
and Middleton ; ibid. 1 8 1.

Roger Holt of Bury, son of Henry Holt
of Bridge, occurs in 1490 ; Pal. of Lane.
Writs Proton, file 5 Hen. VII.

Roger Holt died 5 Sept. 1594, holding
the capital messuage called Bridge Hall, a
water-mill adjoining, and messuages, &c.,
in Heap, of the Earl of Derby in socage,
by a rent of 2s. a year. He also had lands at
Stake Hill in Middleton, Feilden in Hund-
dersfield, and Whittaker in Clegg. His
son Richard having died before him, the
heir was Richard's son Roger, eleven years
of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no.
6. The will of Richard Holt is given in
Raines, op. cit. 281 ; it appears that
his mother's name was Anne, and he had
brothers, Roger, Henry, Edward, and
Francis. Roger Holt of Bridge Hall was
buried 5 Feb. 1616-17 ; Bury Reg.

Peter Holt, the next to succeed, was,
according to the pedigree, a son of Roger.
He took sides with the Parliament and is
described as captain, being no doubt the
Captain Holt of Bury who helped to de-
fend Bolton against Lord Derby ; Civil
War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 81. In 1643
he married Elizabeth, widow of Henry
Kelly of Manchester, his mother Mary
and son and heir Roger being named.
From the Bury Registers it appears that
Elizabeth, 'an ancient professor,' was
buried 21 Nov. 1646. At this time Peter
was a member of the Bury Classis. He
married again in 1649, Jane Gregory
being his wife, and died 10 Aug. 1651 ;
Bury Reg. She afterwards married Robert
Gregge of Chester, and had a son Edward
Gregge of Hapsford ; Raines, op. cit. 282,
283, where Peter's will is given. A son,
Peter Holt, M.A., ' a youth of the best
hope,' died in 1 644 ; Bury Reg.

Roger, the heir, married Jane Green-
halgh of Chamber in 1644-5 5 'bid. He
recorded a pedigree in 1664-5, when
forty-four years of age ; Dugdale, Visit.
(Chet. Soc.), 149. He died 29 May
1682 ; Bury Reg. Bridge Hall appears
to have gone to his brother John, who in
1697 sold it to a cousin Nathaniel Gas-
kell of Manchester and Clifton ; Raines,
op. cit. 282-5. In 1736 Hugh Lord
Sempill and Sarah his wife and the other
heirs sold Bridge Hall to Robert Nuttall ;
ibid. 289.

A dispute concerning Bridge Hall and
the corn mill in 1595 is recorded in Du-
catus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 412. The
defendant, Thomas Shaw, was guardian of
Roger Holt, and appeared as plaintiff in
1601 respecting the mill; ibid, iii, 427.
On the other hand the lessee of the Earl
of Derby's mill at Bury complained that

various inhabitants of Heap and Whittle
were withdrawing suit ; ibid, iii, 373,
400.

10 Several deeds relating to Bridge Hall
after it came into the possession of the
Nuttalls are given in Raines MSS. xxxi,
290-313. Robert Nuttall had in 1718
sons Thomas and John ; Thomas married
Richmal daughter of Richard Kay of
Newhouse in 1727. Thomas Nuttall
appears in 1744, and a later Robert Nut-
tail's will was made in 1776, when his
son and heir John was a minor. John
came of age in 1790, and married Eliza-
beth Haworth. He mortgaged (or sold)
Bridge Hall in 1807, and made his will in
1813. Robert Nuttall of Bridge Hall in
1819 married Susan Anne daughter of
Randal Andrews, vicar of Ormskirk, and
Richmal his wife. He was afterwards of
Kempsey, Worcestershire, and on his
death in 1857 left a daughter and heir
Susan Eliza, who married Albert Hudson
Royds of Falinge, near Rochdale.

11 Bamford appears to have been di-
vided, one half being merged in Heap, and
the other forming part of the township
of Birtle-with-Bamford in the parish of
Middleton. There were, it is probable,
two Bamford families, but it is difficult to
separate them.

12 Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, fol.
1 14. The rent was payable on St. Os-
wald's Day. The seal shows a fesse en-
grailed.

In 1282 Richard son of Hugh de
Gooden (Gulden) obtained a messuage, an
oxgang of land, and the eighth part of a
mill in Bamford, against Adam son of
Hugh de Gooden and Eve his wife, the
estate to be held of the heirs of Eve ;
Final Cane. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 157. In this case also the rent of izd.
was payable at the feast of St. Oswald.

18 The following notes may be of use.

From early Ashworth deeds it appears
that Robert de Ashworth was a son of
Alexander de Bamford ; among the wit-
nesses to deeds are Henry de Bamford,
William de Bamford, Thomas de Bamford,
and Adam his brother (Raines MSS. [Chet.
Lib.], xi, fol. 253) ; also Thomas de Bam-
ford, Alexander, Henry, and Andrew his
sons (ibid. 258). Henry de Bamford was
a witness in 1287 ; ibid. 259.

In 1311 Richard son of Thomas de
Bamford was concerned in a Spotland
suit ; De Banco R. 1 89, m. 9 d. In 1 3 3 2
Richard de Bamford contributed to the
subsidy in Spotland ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33.

Thomas son of Adam de Bamford in
1321 slew Robert de Middleton and Alex-
ander de Wardle at Rochdale ; Coram
Rege R. 254, m. 48.

Hugh son of Hugh de Atherton in
1330 claimed a messuage and lands against
Ellis de Bamford ; De Banco R. 283, m.
181 d.

In 1339 Hugh de Atherton claimed
lands in Bamford against Adam son of
Adam de Bamford, against Nicholas son
of Ellis de Bamford, and against Henry

137

de Bamford ; in each case 1 5 acres was in
dispute ; De Banco R. 320, m. 498 d.

Avice daughter of Thomas daughter of
Richard de Bamford was nonsuited in
1353 in a claim for lands in Spotland ;
De Banco R. 435, m. 17, 28.

In 1371 Thomas son of Thomas de
Bamford was concerned in a Spotland suit;
ibid. R. 441, m. 57.

A little later Nicholas de Bamford and
his son Nicholas occur ; ibid. R. 452,
m. 185 d, &c.

Maud widow of Adam de Bamford
complained in 1360 that she had been
unlawfully detained in Tottington ; As-
size R. 451, m. 3.

14 Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 3. The
plaintiffs in the suit were Robert son of
Geoffrey del Holt and James del Holt,
executors of the will of John del Holt the
elder. Henry de Scholefield had occupied
the estate for two years preceding the
inquisition in 1393.

Thus the outlawed Henry may be iden-
tified with a Henry de Bamford who
with Ellen his wife claimed lands in
Mawdesley and Croston in 1398 against
Henry de Scholefield. The remainders
were to Richard son of Henry and Ellen,
and his heirs by Rose daughter of Thomas
de Ainsworth ; then to Thomas and John,
brothers of Richard ; to John son of
Henry de Scholefield ; to Henry son of
John de Scholefield ; to Thomas de Maw-
desley, and to Thomas his son ; lastly to
the heirs of Ellen wife of Henry de Bam-
ford. Margery then wife of Richard de
Warburton had part of the lands as dower;
Final Cone, iii, 54. Nicholas and Henry
de Bamford attested a Holt charter in
1398 ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, fol.
262. Hugh son of Nicholas de Bamford
was a defendant in 1402 ; Add. MS.
32108, no. 1629.

Thomas Bamford and Adam his son
were summoned for debt in 1524 ; Pal. of
Lane. Writs Prot. Lent, 1 5 Hen. VIII.

A pedigree was recorded in 1613 be-
ginning with an Adam Bamford, probably
the father of the Thomas last mentioned ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 34.

William Bamford and Joan his wife
made a settlement of the manor of Bam-
ford and various messuages and lands in
Bamford, Mawdesley, Wolstenholme, and
Bury in 1584 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 46, m. 1 23. William Bamford was
a freeholder in 1600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 247. One of the
name was buried 10 Nov. 1607, and his>
widow Janet I Feb. 1616-17 ; Bury Reg.
The will of William Bamford, dated 1 604,
is given in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), vi,
fol. 258 ; his wife Joan and son and heir
William are named ; he left 1 31. 4<£ to
the repair of Bury Church. William son
of William Bamford recorded a pedigree in
1613, as above quoted, his son William
being then seventeen years of age. Wil-
liam Bamford of Bamford was buried 26
July 1624 (Bury Reg.), but Samuel Bam-
ford contributed to the subsidy of 1622 ;
Misc. (ut sup.), i, 1 6 1.

18

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

.AAAA,

son of William, then about thirty years of age.16
According to the pedigree recorded in 1664. this
William died without issue,
and the manor passed to a
cousin of the same name, who
left sons William and Samuel.16
The former, by his will in
1673, made his brother Samuel
his principal heir.17 The es-
tate descended to William
Bamford, who died in 1761,"
leaving three daughters who
died without issue, the eldest,
Anne, devising it in 1779 to
a distant kinsman, William

BAMFORD of Bam-
ford. Argent a fesse
engrailed gules.

Bamford of Tarleton Bridge,
sheriff of Lancashire in I787.19 He died in 1806,
when Bamford and other estates became the property of
Robert Hesketh in right of his wife, — Nicholson ;20 he
changed his name to Bamford, but afterwards resumed
his proper one. His son Robert married the heiress
of Gwrych in Denbighshire. Bamford, however, was
sold in 1816 to Joseph Fenton, whose son James in
1841 took down the hall built in the time of Queen
Anne, and erected a new house. Bamford became

the property of a younger son, and on the failure of
Fenton's Bank was sold by the trustees. The hall,
park, and part of the land were purchased in 1888
by Mr. E. Stocks Massey, J.P."

Moscrop House in Bamford was part of the Age-
croft Estate.12 The Holts of Gristlehurst and of
Ashworth also held lands here.23

WHITTLE has no special history." Ferdinando
Stanley lived there in 1O56.25

LQMAX was given by Adam de Bury to Monk
Bretton Priory.86 It gave a surname to a widely-
spread family,27 and was often named as a hamlet.18

The Smethurst family appear to have had lands in
Heap.29 Lands called Bymonds in Heap were the
subject of dispute in 1575.*°

In 1788 the principal landowners in Heap were
William Bamford, James Starky, Mrs. Nuttall, the
executors of John Lancashire, the executors of Samuel
Howorth, and John Partington.31

HEYWOOD gave a surname to a widely-spread
family.32 Adam de Bury granted to Peter de Hey-
wood certain lands at a rent of ^s. ; should Adam's
pigs enter the wood of Heywood in mast time, Peter
was to be at liberty to drive them out.SJ The estate
descended regularly to Robert Heywood, who died on

15 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no.
35 ; in it is recited a settlement made by
Samuel Bamford a fortnight before his
death, the remainders being to William
son of Edward Bamford of Mawdesley, and
to Edward son of Samuel Bamford of
Bretherton.

William Bamford declined knighthood,
paying in 1631 a composition of £10 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 216.
«Mr. Bamford of Bamford' died 10 Aug.
1649 ; Bury Reg.

16 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 22.
William Bamford died 28 Mar. 1673 ;
Bury Reg.

W Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), vi, fol.
299. The remainder of this account of
Bamford is from Canon Raines's note in
Notitia Cestr. ii, 29, except where other
references are given.

18 A settlement was made in 1735, the
deforciants in the fine being William Bam-
ford and Margaret his wife, George Bam-
ford and Margaret his wife, and Anne and
Susan Bamford ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 315, m. 69. The estate is not de-
scribed as a manor, but as messuages and
lands in Bamford, Spotland, and Wolsten-
holme. « P.R.O. List, 74.

20 Burke, Commoners, iv, 524. For the
Fentons see Burke, Landed Gentry, Fen-
ton of Dutton Hall.

81 Information of Mr. Massey, who
died in Dec. 1909.

22 In consequence of disputes about it
between Richard Ashton of Middleton and
Robert Langley of Agecroft an arbitration
was arranged in 1524, and it was decided
that the former ought to pay the latter a
free rent of 6d. ; Agecroft D. 101.

28 For Gristlehurst see the account of
Birtle in Middleton.

24 Hawise de Whittle (Quitul), Adam
of the same, and his brothers John and
Roger, in 1292 sought to prove their free-
dom against Adam de Bury ; Assize R.
408, m. 33 d.

A family named Langley resided in the
1 7th century at Whittle ; William Lang-
ley was summoned by the heralds in 1664;
Dugdale, Visit, p. v.

25 Manchester Free Library D. no. 100;
the field names given include Warriner

Wood, Reyne Cloughs, and Pingle. The
Bury registers contain some entries refer-
ring to the family.

26 Monk Bretton Chartul. fol. 43, 44 ;
and Lansdowne MS. 405, fol. 49. The
•land' called 'Lummehalenges' within
the bounds of Heap touched Gooden
(Guledene) and the water of Roch (Ra-
ched). A claim made in 1445 by the
Prior of Monk Bretton against Sir John
de Pilkington may refer to this land ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 7, m. 3^.

*7 See the account of Pilsworth. The
Bury registers mention Lomax of Castle
Hill, Lomax of Redivales, Lomax of
Croichley, Lomax of Bent, &c.

28 Robert de Radcliffe held a tenement
called ' Lomhalle ' of Henry de Bury in
1351; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i,m. 2 d.
Richard son of John de Radcliffe seems to
have held the same estate in 1368 ; De
Banco R. 431, m. 351 ; and Sir Alexander
Radcliffe in 1546 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 12, m. 253.

29 Richard Smethurst died 5 June 1597
holding lands in Bury of the Earl of Derby
in socage, by a rent of 6J</., also a mes-
suage in Middleton of the queen as of her
manor of Stanton Lacy in Shropshire.
Richard his son and heir was twenty-six
years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xvii, no. 74. Richard Smethurst contri-
buted to the subsidy of 1622 ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 161.
These seem to have been the Smethursts
of Broad Oak, whose estate was afterwards
acquired by the Nuttalls ; Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xxxi, fol. 272, 273.

Arthur Smethurst the elder made a
settlement of three messuages and lands in
Bury, &c., in 1568 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 30, m. 1 17. Arthur Smethurst of
Heap married Margaret Kay on 24 Feb.
1611-12 ; Bury Reg. The same or an-
other Arthur was a member of the Bury
Classis in 1646.

80 Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 34.

81 Land tax returns at Preston.

82 There are pedigrees in the Iter Lane.
(Chet. Soc.), 22 ; and in Lanes, and Ches.
Antiq. Soc. ix, 144.

88 Iter Lane. 2350. Heywood, Diaries,
i, 124. The bounds began at Gooden

138

(Golden) in Hopwood, descended to the
Roch, ascended this to Heyden (Heedene),
and this to the boundary of the lands of
Adam de Bury and Roger de Middleton.
The date is about 1270.

In 1246 Peter son of Robert de Hey-
wood had recovered 2 acres of land in
Heywood against Gervase de Halliwell,
Hawise his wife, Hugh the son of Ger-
vase, and Wimark his wife ; Assize R.
404, m. 3. In 1292 William son of Hugh
de Gooden complained that he had been dis-
seised of his common of pasture in 2 acres
of moor within Bury, Peter de Heywood
and his sons Henry, Richard, Robert, and
Gilbert being the principal offenders ;
but he was nonsuited ; Assize R. 408,
m. 5.

William de Heywood in 1344 granted
all his land in Bury to his brother Richard
for life, at a rent of z6s. a year ; Dods.
MSS. cxvii, fol. 163. Richard de Heywood
appears in 1357; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii,
App. 336. Nicholas de Heywood in 1366
enfeoffed John de Radcliffe of Chadderton
of all his lands in Bury and Middleton ;
Dods. MSS. loc. cit. In 1375 Nicholas
complained of a trespass at Heywood ; De
Banco R. 460, m. 261.

A Hugh de Heywood went to Portugal
on the king's service in 1385 } Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 524.

Robert son of Nicholas de Heywood
made a feoffment of his lands in Heywood
in 1417 ; Dods. MSS. cxvii, fol. 163^.
Two years later the feoffees granted Ro-
bert's lands in the hamlet of Heap in the
vill of Bury and in Middleton to his brother
Geoffrey ; ibid. Geoffrey de Heywood in
1429-30 agreed not to alienate the lands
of his father Nicholas, in view of the
marriage of his son Peter with Margaret
daughter of Robert Tunnicliffe ; ibid.

Geoffrey de Heywood survived his son,
and in 1455-6 a settlement of his lands
was made, by which they were to descend
successively to Robert, Nicholas, Geoffrey,
and James, the sons of Peter, and heirs
male ; in default to Nicholas, another son
of Geoffrey the elder 5 ibid. fol. 165.
Geoffrey had another son James, to whom
a moiety of Hurtilcroft in Bury was granted
for life at the same time, with remainder

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

19 March 1543-4, holding Heywood of the Earl of
Derby in socage by the ancient rent of zs., payable at
St. Oswald's feast-day. James
his brother and heir was forty
years of age.34 The next
notable possessor of the estate
is Peter Heywood, who in the
Civil War was at first a cap-
tain for the Parliament, but
went over to the king's side,35
his lands being sequestrated.36
His son Robert recorded a
short pedigree in 1664," and
was succeeded by his son
Peter, and grandson Robert,
a clergyman. The last-named
Robert in 1717 sold Hey-
wood to John Starky of Rochdale,*9 whose grandson
James Starky died in 1 846 without issue.*9

Richard Milnes was a freeholder in Heywood in
l6oo.40

A declaration by adherents to the Commonwealth
in 1650-1 is extant.41

Towards the end of the i8th cen-

BOROUGH tury Heywood began to grow into a

town. Several cotton mills were

HEYWOOD of Hey-
wood. Argent three tor-
teaux bet-ween two bend-
lets gules.

established about 1780," and the manufacture has
continued to advance, while other trades have been
added.43 A branch of the Rochdale and Manchester
Canal was brought to the town in 1830. The station
at Bluepits on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Com-
pany's line from Manchester to Rochdale was opened
in 1839 f°r the convenience
of Heywood people, who were
conveyed to and from the
town by a packet-boat on the
canal. The railway was ex-
tended to Heywood itself in
1841. A gas-lighting Act was
obtained in 1826, but the
town was not lighted till
1851. A local board was
established in 1864," and in
1867 the district was extended
and renamed Heywood.45 In
1 88 1 the borough was in-
corporated ; 46 the area now

includes parts of Heap, Hopwood, Pilsworthr
Birtle-with-Bamford, and Castleton,47 and in 1894
this area was made a civil parish, the old township
limits being abolished.48 The town is governed by a
mayor and council of six aldermen and eighteen

BOROUGH OF HEY-
WOOD. Or Jive torteaux
between two bendlets
engrailed and at many
matcles sable.

to Robert son and heir of Peter de Hey-
wood ; ibid.

In 1501 an agreement was made be-
tween James Holt of Gristlehurst, Ralph
bis son and heir, and their partners, on one
side, and Robert Heywood of Heywood,
Peter his son and heir, and their partners,
on the other : ibid.

M Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no. 29.
This recites the settlement of 1455-6,
and traces the descent to Robert Heywood,
who was the son and heir of the Peter last
mentioned. Peter Heywood had given
Leonard's Croft and other lands to trustees
for the use of Elizabeth daughter of Charles
Radcliffe, on her marriage with Robert his
son. A settlement was made in 1539
(see Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 2, m.
7), whereby the lands in Heywood, Heap,
Bury, and Middleton, were, after the death
of Peter, to go to his son Robert, and in
default of male issue, to a younger son
James. The lands in Middleton were held
of Robert Langley in socage, by a rent of 6d.

James Heywood in 1559 made a settle-
ment of his estates in Heywood and else-
where, the remainders being to his sons
Peter, heir apparent, and Robert ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 21, m. 65. Peter
Heywood succeeded before 1569, when he
made a settlement ; ibid. bdle. 31, m. 17.
Peter Heywood was returned as a free-
holder in 1600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 247. He was buried 14 Feb.
1599-1600 ; Bury Reg. According to the
pedigrees the Peter Heywood who assisted
at the arrest of Guy Fawkes in 1605 was
a younger son. The heir was the elder
son Robert, who rebuilt Heywood Hall in
1611, and is described by Oliver Heywood
as ' a pious, reverend old gentleman and an
excellent poet ' ; Iter Lane. 1 7 ; O. Hey-
wood's Diaries, i, 17. His Observations has
been printed by the Chetham Society (vol.
76).

The pedigree of 1664-5 begins with
Robert Heywood, who paid £ i o on refusing
knighthood in 1631; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 216. He was buried
19 Jan. 1646-7 ; Bury Reg. By his will,
dated 8 Oct. 1646, he devised his estate
to the use of his son Peter, reserving

dower for Margaret his wife and portions
for his daughters and a younger son
John ; then to his grandson Robert and
heirs male ; in default to his said son
John, &c. ; 'provided that the trustees
should stand seised of two houses in Roch-
dale to the use of his son John, upon
his submission to Parliament, until he
came to some ecclesiastical preferment
in the Church of England of £50 a year.'
This son was made rector of Walton at
the Restoration. There was a further
provision that if his son Peter should
submit to the Parliament the trustees
were 'to stand seised of the premises unto
the said Peter Heywood, his heirs and
assigns, for ever ' ; Roy. Comp. Papers
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 222, 223.
It thus appears that while the father was
a Parliamentarian and a member of the
Bury Classis, his sons were Royalists.
John was living ' at Oxford as a scholar '
in 1652.

84 Civil War Tracts, 230. He not only
' held intelligence with the enemy ' while
a Parliamentary officer, but after he had
joined the king's army 'he offered,' says
Colonel Rosworm, ' in the behalf of Prince
Rupert, that I should have a very great
sum of money paid me in my hand before
my delivery of the town, that I should have
great preferment under Prince Rupert," &c.

86 Roy. Comp. Papers, ut sup. His fine
was ,£351. He also desired to compound
for the dower of his wife in lands in Roch-
dale and Stidd, the inheritance of her
former husband, Theophilus Holt. Peter
Heywood died 4 Jan. 1657-8 ; Bury Reg.

W Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 139.
Robert was then Clerk of the Green Wax
for the county palatine ; his son Peter was
two years of age. Robert Heywood and
Mary his wife, one of the sisters and co-
heirs of John Haslam of Rochdale, who
was son and heir of Ellis Haslam, sold
land in 1671; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
xxxi, fol. 67. Robert Heywood and Peter
his son were burgesses at the Preston
Gild of 1682 ; Guild Rolls (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 189.

88 Robert Heywood, son and heir of
Peter, son and heir of Robert, sold the

139

Heywood estates together with the
manor of Spotland in Rochdale for
£1,841 8*. 6d. The capital messuage of
Heywood Hall, with water corn - mill,
lands in Heap, Middleton, and Bamford,
and the site and advowson of the chapel
of Heywood, are mentioned, and many
field names (including Coal pit field) are
given ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xvi,
fol. in. See also Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 279, m. 86. From another deed
given by Canon Raines it appears that the
vendor died before 1742.

89 Extracts from the diary of John
Starky of Heywood are given in Raines
MSS. viii, fol. 343.

In 1 749 an agreement was made for the
marriage of John son and heir apparent of
John Starky with Esther Whalley of
Blackburn. James Starky in 1786 married
Elizabeth daughter of Edward Gregge-
Hopwood. See Raines MSS. xvi, fol. 1 1 1 ;
and Notitia Cestr. ii, 29. James Starky
also owned Tonge Hall near Middleton ;
he was sheriff in 1791-2 ; P.R.O. List, 74,

In a statement of the Starky title to the
advowson of Heywood in 1834, it is stated
that John Starky purchased from Hey-
wood, was succeeded by his only surviving
son John, and he by his son James, seventy-
two years old in 1834 ; Church P. at
Chester.

40 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.)r
i, 249. 41 Add. Chart. 7180 (B.M.).

43 In a lecture by Mr. J. A. Green in
1899, it is stated that James Kershaw of
Wrigley Brook Mill purchased cotton in
1777 ; three other mills were also in ex-
istence, and Makin Mill was built by Peel,
Yates & Co., about 1780.

48 An account of the progress of the
cotton manufacture is given in Barton,.
Bury, 276-7, from which volume are ex-
tracted several other particulars in the text,

44 Land. Ga%, 8 Mar. 1864, for Heap
Middle Division.

45 30 & 31 Viet. cap. 64 ; 38 & 39
Viet. cap. 76 ; and 42 & 43 Viet. cap. 76.

46 The date of the charter is 1 8 Feb. 1 8 8 1 .

47 The portion of Castleton was added
in 1900 ; Loc. Govt. Bd. Order P, 1640,

48 Ibid. Order 31671.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

councillors, elected by three wards — North, South,
and West.49 The gasworks are now owned by the
Corporation, and the water supply, formerly owned
by it, is now the property of the Heywood and
Middleton Joint Water Board, formed in 1898.
The corporation also own the free library, opened in
1873 ; the Queen's Park, 1879, the land a gift from
Queen Victoria ;M an infectious diseases hospital in
Birtle ; and a cemetery in Castleton. There is a
bench of magistrates for the borough. There are
a weekly market" on Friday, and fairs in April,
August, and October.52 A Mechanics' Institute,
formed in 1840, existed more than thirty years.
There are two newspapers — the Advertiser and the
News — issued on Friday.63

A chapel existed at Heywood before
CHURCH the Reformation, but it appears to have
had no ' ornaments ' except a bell in
1552." It is said to have been rebuilt by Robert
Heywood about 1 640," and his descendant, a century
later, in selling the estates proposed to sell also the
site and advowson of the chapel. It appears, how-
ever, that the rector of Bury has always presented the
curate. The chapel has probably been used regularly
for public worship from the beginning of the I7th
century, when it was * maintained by the inhabi-
tants.'56 The Commonwealth Commissioners in 1650
found that there was no endowment beyond ' the use
of £5,' left by William Holme.57 Later contributions
raised the endowment to £8 io/. by I7I8.58 The
registers begin in 1778. The church was rebuilt in
i86o,59and a separate district was assigned to it in

i864.60 The following have

61

been curates and

vicars

1692 Thomas Taylor 63
c. 1715 Thomas Ryder63
1717 C. Barret64
1719 Nathan Stock,66 M.A. (Brasenose Coll.

Oxf.)

1729 James Bankes
1742 James Barton, B.A. (St. John's Coll.

Camb.)

1745 William Barton66
1774 Richard Longford67
1803 Richard Hood, LL.D.68
— Thomas Hill69
1823 Joseph Bland Jameson, B.D.70
1835 Robert Minnitt, M.A." (Trin. Coll.,

Dublin)

1850 Julius Shadwell, B.A."(BalliolColl.,Oxf.)
1865 Thomas Ramsbotham, M.A.73 (Christ's

Coll., Camb.)

1872 Thomas Julius Henderson, M.A.74 (Wad-
ham Coll., Oxf.)
1878 John Spittall, M.A." (Trinity Hall,

Camb.)

1885 Richard William Perry Circuitt n
1900 Edward Basil Armstrong Hughes, M.A.77

(Wore. Coll., Oxf.)
1909 John Plumpton Wilson, M.A.77a

(Queen's Coll., Oxf.)

St. James's, built in 1836-8, and restored in 1875
and 1884, was the second church within the town-

49 A full description of the boundaries is
given in the Tear Bk. of the borough, lent
to the editors by the town clerk, Mr. George
G. Bouchier.

40 It was the old park of Heywood Hall,
and was purchased out of moneys which
devolved to Her Majesty in right of the
duchy from the estate of Charles Martin
Newhouse, deceased ; Tear Bk.

51 There were formerly two covered
markets, but both have long since been
converted to other uses ; Information of
Rev. B. Hughes, vicar.

53 The Tear Bk. quoted gives particulars
of other municipal undertakings, as the
baths, technical school and classes, electric
lighting station, sewage disposal works,
&c.

58 The first newspaper was the Observer,
in 1 844 ; Heywood N. and Q. i, 1 7.

M Cb. Goods (Chet. Soc.), 46. The
chapel was purchased by the inhabitants ;
Raines, Chant. (Chct. Soc.), ii, 277. It
it marked in Saxton's map, 1577; and
Agnes RadclifFe of Marland left is. to
Heywood Chapel ; Raines in Notitia
Cestr. ii, 34.

55 Gastrell, ibid.; it was 'never con-
secrated ; the designed endowment of
•the founder was lost, and the estate
«old.'

66 Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,
12. Mr. Buckley was 'lecturer' at Hey-
wood in i6z2, and Giles Clayton 'curate,'
1634-6 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 66, 95. Robert Towne,
curate in 1640, averred that he did not
hold the opinions of the Grindletonians,
as had been alleged ; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), xxii, fol. 306.

Jonathan Scholefield was curate from
1647 or earlier until 1659, when he
moved to Douglas chapel. He signed the
* Harmonious Consent* in 1648. In

1647 he had some dispute with his con-
gregation, but it seems to have been ad-
justed ; Shaw's Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.),
i, 22, 40, 123 ; ii, 253. In 1650 he
was reported to be ' orthodox for divinity,
well qualified for life and conversation ' ;
Commonwealth Ch. Sur<v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 42. George Thomason
is said to have been ejected from Heywood
in 1662 ; Calamy, Nonconf. Mem. (ed.
Palmer), ii, 94.

W Common-wealth Ch. Surv. 42.

58 Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. ii, 33-5.
Richard Whitehead of Pilsworth in 1671
gave money for the use of the minister
at Heywood ; and Richard Haworth of
Heap in 1704 made a bequest 'for the
sole use and benefit of such curate, minis-
ter, or preacher, as shall from time to
time be appointed to officiate and serve
at the chapel of Heywood, and as shall
be conformable to the liturgy and service
of the Church of England as by law now
established, and not otherwise. And if
any curate or minister shall be imposed
on the said chapel or shall officiate there
who shall not be conformable as aforesaid,
then my said trustees shall dispose of all
the said rents and profits as they shall
think fit ' ; ibid.

69 There was a dial on the east side of
the chapel, bearing the date 1686, and the
initials of Robert Heywood ; also A.B.
1807. The column of the dial was
recently found ; Information of the Rev.
B. Hughes. A sundial was placed in the
churchyard in 1845.

60 Land. Gam. 8 Jan. 1864. The
tithes of the township of Heap were in
1857 annexed to the chapelry, and the
incumbents have usually been styled
rectors, but it appears, by a ruling of the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners, that this is
incorrect.

140

61 The list is taken from the Church
P. at Chester, and Raines MSS. ix, fol.
8, 9. Few curates occur in the fifty
years following the Restoration ; but
Ichabod Furness was there in 1671; John
Battersby in 1677-9 5 Abraham Butter-
worth, B.A., in 1684 ; Church P. at
Chester, and Mr. Earwaker's notes.

69 The regular Church P. begin with
him.

68 Objection was made to him in
1717.

64 Also at Holcombe.

65 William Bamford and John Starky
gave £100 to the endowment in 1719 on
condition that Nathan Stock be appointed;
Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 35.

66 An excellent ornithologist ; Raines.
6? A grave and devout clergyman of the

old school ; Raines.

68 Afterwards Dean of Kilmacduagh ;
Raines.

89 Immoral, resigned ; Raines.

7° He was long suspended by the bishop,
and died in an obscure beer-house where
he had taken shelter from the weather.
He was very poor, and left a widow and
family ; Raines.

71 Afterwards vicar of Healey, Roch-
dale ; he died in 1884.

7* Afterwards rector of Washington,
Durham.

78 Resigned in 1872.

1* Vicar of South Banbury, 1878;
vicar of Farley, 1883.

7s Exchanged the vicarage of South
Banbury with his predecessor ; became
vicar of Havenstreet, Ryde, I.W., in
1885.

78 Previously vicar of Cholsey, Berks.

77 To Mr. Hughes are due several of
the particulars in this account of Hey-
wood.

77» Previously vicar of St. Paul, Peel.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

ship of Heap devoted to the Established religion.
The Bishop of Manchester is the patron.78 It had a
mission church, St. George's, at Heap Bridge, which
in 1907 had a separate parish assigned to it ; the
rector of Bury is patron. St. Anne's mission church
was built in 1908. St. Michael's, Bamford, was
built in 1885 ; the Bishop of Manchester is the patron.

The Wesleyan Methodists have a church in Market
Street, built in 1805 and enlarged in 1828, and a
mission-room. The United Methodist Church have
two chapels, one of them built in 1836, and the
Primitive Methodists one, opened in 1835. Tne
New Connexion also had one in 1844.

The Baptists have a chapel in Rochdale Road,
dating from 1831.

The Congregationalists began to hold services in
Hey wood as early as 1821, but a chapel was not built
until 1836. The cause prospered, and the present
church was erected in i868-9.79 The church at
Bamford originated earlier ; preaching began in 1800,
and a small chapel was opened in the following year.80

The Swedenborgians had established themselves
here early in the I9th century ; New Jerusalem, in
Church Street, was built in 1828, and enlarged ten
years later.

The Unitarians have a chapel, built in 1860, and
there is a Spiritualists' temple.

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Joseph was
opened in 1856."

A school at Heywood existed in 1696.**

WALMERSLEY-WITH-SHUTTLE-
WORTH

Walmersleye, 1289. The name was frequently
corrupted : Womersley and Wamessley (xvi cent.) ;
Walmsley (xix cent.).

Suttelesworth, 1227 ; Shyotlesworth, 1241 ; Shy-
tlesworth, Shitleswurth, 1246 ; Schutelesworth, 1292.

Of the component parts of this township Wal-
mersley lies to the south of Harden Brook, and
Shuttleworth to the north of it. Out of a total of
5,064^ acres,1 the former has an area of 2,949^
acres, the latter of 2,1 15. The surface is hilly, spurs
shooting out from the eastern side towards the valley
of the Irwell, which bounds the township, and is fed
by tributary streams running down the valleys between
the spurs. Deeply Vale is on the eastern border.

The north-eastern part of Shuttleworth is occupied
by Scout Moor, which at one point rises to 1,5 34 ft.
The brook forming the northern boundary is called
Scout Moor Brook and Dearden Brook. The popu-
lation in 1901 was 711.

The principal road is that running north from
Bury to Haslingden, about half a mile to the east of
the Irwell, crossing Pigslee Brook, the boundary, and
passing through Walmersley village, Bassfield, Gollin-
rod, Park, Shipperbottom, Bank Lane, and Shuttle-
worth. Roads branch off to the west to Summerseat
and Ramsbottom. Shuttleworth is also crossed by
the main road from Rochdale to Haslingden, which
passes the hamlet called Turn and joins the former road
at Eden field. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's
line from Bury to Accrington passes in part through
this township, and has a station called Summerseat.

Shuttleworth was in 1829 described as 'a small
village on the border of the dreary waste called
Rooley Moor.' *

The Grant Tower in Walmersley was built by that
family in 1829, and stands on the hill over against
Nuttall and Park.

On Whittle Pike in Shuttleworth were formerly
the remains of a beacon.3

A pot containing Roman coins of the 3rd century
was discovered at Throstlehill, Walmersley, in 1864.*
' Castlesteads ' is supposed to have been an entrench-
ment ; it is on a bluff overlooking the Irwell.4

The hearth-tax return of 1666 shows twenty
hearths liable in Shuttleworth, and sixty-seven in
Walmersley ; no house had more than four hearths.6

John Kay, the inventor of the fly-shuttle, was born
at Park in Walmersley 16 July 1704, and died in
France, as is supposed, after i j6o.**

The cotton manufacture, with its mills and bleach
and dye works, is the chief industry along the Irwell ;
inland the chief product is grass ; the soil is heavy,
with subsoil of rock.

The present township of Walmersley-with-Shuttle-
worth is much smaller than the former hamlet or
township, portions having been taken into Rams-
bottom and Bury, and some minor alterations effected.7
It has a parish council.

Under the lords of Bury WALMERS-

MANQR LET seems for some time to have been

held by a family assuming the local

surname.8 In later times, however, a number of

78 For endowments see Land, Gate.
8 Aug. 1865, and 10 Sept. 1844.

79 Full details, with names of the minis-
ters, are given in Nightingale, Lanes. Non-
conformity, iii, 263-8. Mrs. Fenton of
Bamford Hall guaranteed the expense of a
preaching-room in i8zi.

80 Ibid, iii, 255-62 ; the Fentons of
Bamford Hall, whose mills at Hooley
Bridge brought a great increase of popula-
tion, were members of the congregation
and liberal benefactors. Sir James Kay-
Shuttleworth, bart., a native of Bamford,
was also connected with it.

81 The mission was begun in 1854 ;
Kelly, Engl. Cat A. Missions, 213.

82 Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 35.

1 The present township has only 3,139
acres, including 41 of inland water ;
•Census Rep. 1901.

2 J. Butterworth, Bury (ed. 1902), 22.
8 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), ii, 677.

4 Barton, Bury, 46-8.

5 Watkins, Rom. Lanes. 243 ; Taylor,
Lanes. Crosses, 467.

8 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

63 He had much opposition, and was so
embarrassed by the lawsuits he had to
engage in against those who infringed his
patents, that at last he took refuge in
France. It is related that on one occa-
sion, when his house was gutted by the
mob, he escaped by being carried out of
Bury in a wool sheet. His son Robert
invented the drop-box in 1759. See a
statement of the case by Thomas Sutcliffe,
a descendant of John Kay, in his Expo-
sition of Facts, 1843, and Crusoniana ,• also
Diet. Nat. Blog. A monument to John
Kay was erected in Bury in 1908.

7 Under the Divided Parishes Act,
1882, the detached part called Cobhouse
Farm was transferred from Walmersley to
Birtle, within which it lay. In 1894 the
township was extended to include part of
Birtle-with-Bamford, by Local Govt. Bd.
Order 31671.

8 In 1289 Matthew de Walmersley
claimed against Roger son of Robert de

141

Walmersley the moiety of an oxgang in
Walmersley in Bury ; De Banco R. 80,
m. 201.

Robert de Walmersley was a juror in
1300 ; Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 305. Roger de Walmersley
contributed to the subsidy of 1332, as an
inhabitant of Bury ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33. In 1365
there was a dispute as to the guardianship
of the heir of Henry de Walmersley be-
tween Sir Roger de Pilkington and John
de RadclifFe, lord and rector respectively
of Bury ; De Banco R. 419, m. 33 d.

In 1587 Roger Walmersley unsuccess-
fully claimed four messuages, a fulling-
mill, 60 acres of land, &c., in Bury, as
descendant of Roger son of Roger de
Walmersley, who was seised, as he alleged,
in the time of Richard II. He proffered
the following pedigree : Roger — s. Simon
s.p. — bro. Henry — s. Roger — s. Roger — s.
John — s. Roger — ». Roger, the plaintiff;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 260, m. 6.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

families appear holding small estates in this part of
the township, for example, the Kays of Cobhouse,9
Rothwells,10 and Woods.11 Shipwalbottom, now Ship-
perbottom, also occurs as an estate and a surname.18
Gollinrod was the estate of a Nuttall family.13

The estate of Oliver Nabb in Walmersley was
sequestered by the Parliament.14

SHUTTLEWORTH appears to have been a part
of Tottington, acquired by an ancestor of Adam de
Bury, who in 1227 established his right to a moiety
of it.15 Henry de Bury in 1311 held half the manor
of Shuttleworth of the lord of Tottington by a rent
of I2</. a year.16 The Shuttleworth family is occa-
sionally mentioned.17 There is little further to record

8 Some charters preserved by Kuerden
(iii, B, 17) seem to refer to this est'ate ; by
one of them Adam de Bury granted to
Henry son of Gilbert de Redvales an acre
within 'Gobbetris,' by ' Pedeksdene '
Brook, with all easements in Walmersley
and ' Kobholris.'

William son of Roger Kay of ' Cob-
holleres ' was in 1 346 charged with having
cut down John del Holt's trees in Bury ;
De Banco R. 346, m. 113 ; R. 347, m.
231. In 1360 John del Holt the elder
was plaintiff respecting an assart at ' Pig-
kisdene* in Bury, now Pigsden in Wal-
mersley ; Assize R. 450, m. I. Ralph
Holt in 1441 claimed two messuages, 60
acres, &c., in Bury and Middleton against
Thomas son of William Kay and others ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 3, m. 14.

A settlement of the estate of Thomas
Kay in Walmersley was made in 1586 by
iiimtelf, his wife Anne, Richard Kay,
Charles Holt, and Mary his wife ; it con-
tained three messuages, a water-mill, 1 8
acres, &c. ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 48, m. 216. The estate of Robert
Kay, consisting of ten messuages, a mill,
60 acres of land, &c., seems to have
been purchased by Edward Rawstorne in
1582 ; ibid. bdle. 44, m. 160.

Some deeds of the Kays of Cobbas or
Cobhouse, as it is now spelt, are copied in
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi, 411, &c.,
with a pedigree reaching down to 1858.
Captain William Kay of Cobhouse took
part in the defence of Lathom at both
sieges (Civil War Tracts [Chet. Soc.],
169, 212) ; his sword and dagger are
in possession of descendants at present.
Stones in the house bore the inscriptions:

1C K

W • D and R • K.

1631 1662

In the same volume of Raines MSS.
will be found extracts from the journals
of Richard Kay of Baldingstone, near
Cobhouse, of the early i8th century ;
pp. 430-449.

10 Thomas Rothwell in 1578 purchased
a messuage, &c., in Walmersley from
Ralph Nuttall ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 40, m. 71. Giles Rothwell, who
died 17 March 1630-1, held a messuage
and lands in Walmersley of the Earl of
Derby, as of his manor of Bury; Thomas,
the son and heir, was twenty-two years
of age ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), fol. 1073.

11 Thomas Wood and Joan his wife in
1552 acquired a messuage, &c., from
Richard Lache, clerk ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 14, m. 66. Henry Wood
died 28 Feb. 1625-6, holding a messuage
in Bank Lane in Walmersley of the Earl
of Derby ; Thomas, the son and heir, was
only five years of age, but by his will the
estate was left to a son Henry for life,
after the death of the testator's brother,
John Wood, he paying 201. to the heirs ;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 1 3 (Chet. Lib.), fol.
1293.

13 Joan daughter of Roger Eleteson of
Shipwalbottom in 1351 claimed against
Thomas Johnson of the same a messuage,
20 acres of land, and 10 acres in Bury —

otherwise in the place called Shipwal-
bottom in the hamlet of Walmersley in
the town of Bury ; she being daughter
and heir of Roger son of Richard, brother
of Adam de Shipwalbottom (possessor in
the time of Edw. II), whose son Richard
had died without issue. The defendant
held by a grant from one Henry de Stock,
who received from Richard, the plaintiff's
grandfather ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R.
1, m. 3d.

Twelve years later Joan prosecuted the
same claim against Margaret widow of
William de Kirkhagh ; De Banco R. 415,
m. 205 d.

The estate appears soon afterwards to
have descended to the Wolstenholme
family ; see Fishwick, Rochdale, 526.
Early in 1507 it was sold by James son
and heir of John Wolstenholme, Joan his
wife, and Nicholas Wolstenholme, to
Thomas Hesketh (of Rufford) ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 103, m. 3. It occurs, as a
messuage and lands in Walmersley, in the
Hesketh inquisitions, without notice of
the tenure ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v,
no. 1 6 ; vii, no. 14; and was in 1555
sold by Sir Thomas Hesketh and Alice
his wife to Elizabeth Nuttall, widow ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 16, m. 131.

Thomas Jones andThurstan Rawstorne
in 1577 had a suit with Ralph Nuttall
respecting Shipwalbottom in Walmersley ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 56.

From the Bury registers it appears that
a family named Kay lived at Shipwal-
bottom in the first half of the I7th
century.

18 Alexander de Bury, in the latter part
of the reign of Henry III, granted to
Nicholas de Golynrode all his land in the
hamlet of Walmersley, the bounds on
three sides being a brook, the great water
of Irwell, and Cowtelaw syke, at a rent of
i8</. at the feast of St. Oswald ; Ormerod,
Parentalia, 43.

John son of Nicholas Gollin of Gollin-
rod in 1491 sold the estate to Henry son
of Richard Nuttall of Nuttall in Totting-
ton ; ibid. 41. In the work referred to
the descent of the estate is traced as
follows : Henry Nuttall — s. George — s.
Henry, s.f>. — bro. Christopher — s. George,
d. 1617 — s. George, d. 1637 — s. Richard,
d. 1675-6 — dau. and heir Susanna wife of
Joshua Crompton of the Old Hall in
Pilkington. As late as 1559 Ralph, the
heir of John Gollin, claimed a messuage,
&c., in Bury against George Nuttall and
Roger Holt ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 212.

George Nuttall, murdered in March
1636-7 by Thomas Rothwell, held his
tenement of the Earl of Derby as lord of
Bury by a rent of 1 8</. ; Richard, his son
and heir, was twenty-five years of age ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxx, no. 94,
and Bury Reg.

Susanna Crompton died in 1716, and
her daughter Hester, wife of Samuel
Wareing, succeeded to Gollinrod ; then
came the Nangreaves of Netherton in Ches-
ter, issue of Anne, eldest daughter and
co-heir of Hester. ' After their extinc-
tion by the death of Col. S. W. Nangreave

142

in 1815,' Gollinrod and Sedger hey
' passed to the illegitimate issue of his
eldest brother, and were sold in parcels,
except a small part, which passed under
the will of Col. Nangreave to his natural
daughter, whose descendants still (1851)
possess it. The remains of the mansion
have been destroyed ' ; Ormerod, op. cir.
44, referring to the Gollinrod charters,
then ' in possession of the trustees of the
late Mrs. Edward Mangin of Bath, natural
daughter of Col. Nangreave.'

14 Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 203-6. Abraham
Nabb of Walmersley had made a settle-
ment of his lands in 1638, just before hi»
death, and they were held by his trustees
for the benefit of his son Oliver and other
uses, but seized by the Parliamentary
authorities about 1643 and again in 1645,
on the ground that Oliver had joined the
Royal forces. This was denied ; and it
was said that he had fought for the Par-
liament ' at the last invasion into Scot-
land'(1652). He was a butcher. George
Battersby, a tenant, was also concerned in
the sequestration ; ibid, i, 153.

15 A deafforestation grant was made ir»
1225 to John de Mara for Adam de
Bury; Cal. Pat. 1216-25, P- 57^-

In 1227 Adam de Bury claimed
200 acres of land and a mill, with the
appurtenances, in Shuttleworth, against
John de la Mare, in right of descent ; and
John acknowledged the moiety of the
land, &c., claimed to be Adam's right, to
wit, a moiety of the whole demesne,
wheresoever it lay versus umbram, at the
rent of izd. Those who had been en-
feoffed by John must perform a moiety of
the due service to Adam and a moiety to
John ; Final Cone, i, 49.

In 1246 Adam de Bury and Roger de
Shuttleworth were convicted of having dis-
seised Robert de Byron of his common of
pasture in Shuttleworth, by approving
30 acres of pasture ; Assize R. 404, m. 2.

16 De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc.), 19.
Shuttleworth and Shipperbottom were

particularly named in the grant of the
Pilkington manors to the Earl of Derby
in 1489.

V Geoffrey de Denton [? Foxdenton]
in 1241 acknowledged Roger de Shuttle-
worth to be a freeman, for which he
received 20 marks ; Final Cone, i, 80.

John de Rawstorne (Routhesthorn) in
1292 claimed certain lands in Bury against
Richard de Shuttleworth and against Eva
widow of Roger de Shuttleworth, but was.
nonsuited; Assize R. 408, m. 33. The
same property apparently was in dispute
in 1343, when John son of Richard de
Rawstorne held a messuage and plough-
land in Bury which his father had had
from John de Rawstorne the elder, and
which he said was only 5 acres of land.
The claimant was Agnes de Shuttleworth,
who stated that she had been seised in the-
time of Edward I ; De Banco R. 336,
m. 418 d.

Margery daughter of Richard de Rad-
cliffe, Roger de Shuttleworth, and Roger
his son, in 1334 complained of a disseisin,
with force and arms by Robert de Horn-

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

of this part of the township.18 If the suppositions
here made are correct this composite township repre-
sents an originally diverse tenure, Walmersley being
an integral part of the manor of Bury, while Shuttle-
worth was part of the manor of Tottington, and
came to be joined with Bury through a grant to the
ancestor of Adam de Bury.

In 1796 the principal landowners were Richard
Nangreaves, John Lancashire, and the Rev. [Richard]
Formby.19

Complaint was made about the destruction of trees
in Fletcher Wood in Walmersley in I596.20 Ellis
Fletcher paid £10 on refusing knighthood in 1631."

Christ Church, Walmersley, was built in 1838 for
the Established worship, and rebuilt in 1883 ; the
patronage is in the hands of five trustees." At
Shuttleworth, St. John's in the Wilderness was built
in 1 848 ; the incumbents are presented alternately
by the Crown and the Bishop of Manchester.*3

The Wesleyan Methodists have a church at
Summerseat, opened in 1847, where the Primitive
Methodists have a chapel also.

The Baptists have a chapel in Shuttleworth.

The Congregationalists have one at Park. It
originated in a separation from Dundee Chapel,
Holcombe, in 1798."

TOTTINGTON LOWER END

Totinton, 1212 ; Totington, 1233.

Tottington originally comprised all the northern
part of the parish of Bury. Shuttleworth, as above,
became incorporated with Walmersley through being
given to the lord of Bury ; Musbury and Cowpe
Lench were placed in the hundred of Blackburn, and
in the I7th or i8th century what remained of Tot-
tington was divided into two parts — the Lower End
and the Higher End, south and north respectively.

The Lower End contains the village of Tottington,
with the hamlets of Woolfold, Bolholt, and Walshaw
in the south ; Affetside and Hawkshaw in the west ;
Green Mount, Holcombe Brook, Redisher, Hazel-
hurst, and Holcombe in the centre, and Brooks-
bottom, Nuttall, Nuttall Lane, and Ramsbottom (with

Tanners and Carr to its west) in the north-east,
along the Irwell, which there in general forms the
boundary. The north is occupied by the flat-topped
Harkles Hill ; which rises steeply on three sides, the
summit being 1,216 ft. high. To the north-west is
Scholes Height, 1, 3 50 ft. Magnificent views may be
obtained in clear weather over the surrounding
country ; Snowdon may sometimes be seen. On the
south side of Holcombe Brook the surface again rises
to the south-west, a height of 8 90 ft. being attained
at Affetside on the border. The township has an area
of 5,270^ acres.1 The population of the present
township of Tottington was 6,118 in 1901.

The principal road is that from Bury to Blackburn,
passing through the village of Tottington. Along the
south-west border runs another road, called Watling
Street,2 which meets the former within the township
of Bradshaw, at a point from which a third road runs
eastward through Hawkshaw to Holcombe Brook and
then north-east and north to Ramsbottom and Has-
lingden. At Holcombe Brook it is joined by roads
from the south. There are several bridges over the
Irwell for roads into Walmersley and Shuttleworth.
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway
from Bury to Accrington runs along the eastern side
of the township, crossing the Irwell several times, and
having a station at Ramsbottom. A branch from
Bury has stations at Woolfold, Tottington, Green
Mount, and Holcombe Brook, which is the terminus.

At Holcombe are the remains of a bloomery, prob-
ably of the Tudor period.3

There is a local tradition that men slain in battle
were buried at Holcombe, and weapons have been
found there.4

On the hill above Holcombe is a lofty tower,
erected in 1852 as a monument to Sir Robert Peel.

In 1666 there were as many as 178 hearths liable
to the tax ; the dwellings were small,5 Thomas Nut-
tail's, with five hearths, being the largest.

James Wood, master of St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, 1805 to 1839, an^ Dean of Ely, was born at
Birchhey, Tottington.6

In 1831 an annual fair was said to be held on
12 October.7

cliffe, Robert del Ewood, and others, and
the sheriff was ordered to take them.
Afterwards the parties made fine ; Coram
Rege R. 297, m. 6 ; R. 298, Rex, m. i d.

A partition of 10 acres of wood, &c.,
between Alice widow of Roger de Pilking-
ton and Roger de Shuttleworth and Roger
his son was made in 1348 ; De Banco R.
354, m. 3 d.

In 1408 Hugh son of Roger, son of
Roger de Shuttleworth of Bury, was an
outlaw, unjustly, as he alleged ; Towneley
MS. RR, no. 1545.

Agnes widow of John de Bradshagh
and John their son released in 1427 to
Ellen de Shuttleworth and Robert de
Radcliffe her son all their messuages, &c.,
in a place called Questondene in Bury ;
Ct. of Wards, Deeds and Evidences, box
153, no. 7.

In 1462 William Shuttleworth made
a settlement of his lands in Bury, and a
portion was granted to Peter his son and
Margaret the wife of Peter ; and in 1481
Margaret, as widow, released to Sir Thomas
Pilkington all her right in the lands which
had belonged to Peter Shuttleworth, grand-
father of her late husband ; Dods. MS.
cxlii, lol. 164, 165.

18 Isabel widow of John Leigh of Shut-
tleworth is named in 1425-6 ; Final Cone.
iii, 1 24. This may refer to the Shuttle-
worth in Hapton, but there were in the
1 6th century Leighs who had land in
Bury ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 52,
m. 126 ; 57, m. 50.

19 Land-tax returns at Preston.

20 Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 343.
81 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),

i, 216.

83 The old church was ' a neat stone
structure,' with chancel, nave, and low
square tower, in which was a clock ;
Barton, Bury, 244.

23 A district was formed in 1845 ; Land.
Gaz. 26 Aug.

34 A full account of its fortunes will be
found in Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
167-78. It was at Bast House, to the
south-east of Gollinrod, that Henry
Pendlebury exercised his ministry after
being expelled from Holcombe in 1662 ;
ibid, iii, 158.

1 According to the Census Rep. 1901,
the present townships of Tottington and
Ramsbottom contain respectively 2,543
and 6,424 acres, with 26 and, 76 acres of
inland water.

8 An 'agger' is visible.
8 Trans. Hist. Soc. xxiv, 60 ; the place
is called Cinder Hill.

4 Rev. H. Dowsett, Notes on Holcombe^

55-

8 Subsidy R. bdle. 250, no. 9,
Lanes.

8 He was bora in 1760, his father being
a weaver, who also had a small school.
James was educated by him and then at
Bury school ; afterwards he went up to
St. John's College, Cambridge, as a Kay
exhibitioner and sizar. He was the typi-
cal ' poor scholar,' came out senior wran-
gler, was elected fellow, and ultimately
master of the college. He became Dean
of Ely in 1820, and rector of Freshwater
in 1823, holding these preferments with
the mastership. He wrote a treatise on
Algebra and many other mathematical
works. He was a great benefactor to
the college, both in money and books,
and it may be mentioned that he aug-
mented the Kay exhibitions ; Baker,
Hist, of St. John's College (ed. Mayor),
ii, 1094-1104; Diet. Nat. Biog. There
is a memorial tablet in Holcombe
Church.

1 Lewis's Gazetteer.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Within the last century a manufacturing town
has grown up at RAMSBOTTOM,6 between the road
from Bury to Haslingden, there called Bolton Street,
and the River Irwell, with suburbs stretching south
to Hazelhurst and north to Stubbins. The principal
cross street is Bridge Street, leading from the bridge
across the Irwell past the railway station to Bolton
Street, and then to Carr and Tanners. The brothers
William and Daniel Grant, whose story is told by
Dr. Smiles in Self Help, were intimately associated
with the rise of the town.9 They were the originals
of the Cheeryble Brothers.93 There are here iron and
brass foundries, machine-making works, and great
cotton manufacturing and printing works. A local
board of twelve members was established in 1864 ;10
the area was enlarged in 1883, and now includes
parts of Tottington Higher and Lower, Elton,
Shuttleworth, and Walmersley.11 The old township
boundaries were finally obliterated in 1 894, when the
local board became an urban district council. The
area is divided into four wards — Central, North,
East, and West — each returning three members to
the council. Water is supplied from the Bury Water-
works, and gas by a company. The Aitken Cottage
Hospital, presented by Mrs. Aitken of Holcombe,
was opened in 1900. The cemetery at Hazelhurst
is under the management of a burial board. The
Ramsbottom Observer is published every Friday. The
population numbered 15,920 in 1901.

Parts of Tottington Lower End having been taken
into Ramsbottom and Bury, the remainder has been
constituted a township or civil parish, called Totting-
ton simply."

The fair at Tottington is held on the third Friday
in August ; those at Ramsbottom on 27 April and
the Monday after 27 August. The wakes at the
latter place begin on the second Saturday in August.

TOTTINGTON HIGHER END

The northern part of the old township stretches
along the border of the hundred for over 4 miles. It
is divided by the Irwell. On the west side of the
river the ground rises quickly to Bull Hill on the
west, 1,372 ft., from which fine views may be ob-
tained ; the valley on the northern slope of this hill
was called Alden. Alden Brook is the boundary of
the township and hundred. The hamlets of Stubbins

and Lumb lie near the Irwell, with Red Lees and
Buckden to the west. On the east side the ground
also rises, though not so rapidly, the northern border
of the township and hundred being formed by the
crest of a hill, which on the boundary of Rochdale
attains a height of 1,550 ft., being there known as
Hailstorm Hill. The high lands are occupied by
Dearden and Tottington Moors. On the western
slope of this eminence is the village of Edenfield, with
Newhall to the east, Chatterton to the west, Hard-
sough and Crow Woods to the north-west, and
Balladen and HornclifFe to the north. The area of
this part of the township is 3,545 acres.

The principal roads are those leading from Bury
to Haslingden, on the west of the Irwell, and to
Rawtenstall on the east side. The latter is joined at
Edenfield by roads from Ramsbottom and from Roch-
dale. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's
railway from Bury to Accrington runs north through
the township, and has a station at Stubbins ; here the
Bacup branch separates, and it has a station called
Ewood Bridge and Edenfield, at Ashen Bottom, on the
northern boundary.

On Holcombe Moor, beside a footpath running
south along the hillside, stood the base of Whowell
Cross, or the Pilgrim's Cross, until 1901, when it was
wilfully destroyed. A memorial stone has been placed
on the spot.1 * Robin Hood's Well ' is a mile to the
north.1 On Bull Hill are remains of an early
neolithic floor.*

The hearths liable to the tax in 1666 numbered
seventy-four ; the only large
house was Robert Holt's, New
Hall, with ten hearths.4

Tottington Higher End has
now ceased to exist as a town-
ship, having been divided be-
tween Ramsbottom, Rawten-
stall, and Haslingden.6

The manor or

MANOR fee of TOT-
TINGTON was
held by the Montbegon and
Lacy families, and passed to
the Crown in the manner
described in the account of
the Clitheroe barony.6 The
Duke of Buccleuch is the present lord of the manor.
The service due from the whole fee seems to have

MONTAGU-DOUGLAS-

SCOTT, Duke of Buc-
cleuch. Or on a bend
aaure a mullet of six
points bet-ween tviO cres-
cents of the field.

8 Rommesbothum, 1292. The story of
the town is told in Barton, Bury, 208-21.
The writer states that the Radical and
Chartist movement took strong hold of
Ramsbottom. In 1826, a time of bad
trade, an attempt was made to destroy
the power looms at Chatterton ; and
' plug drawing ' took place at a later
time.

9 The Grants, father and mother,
with four sons and two daughters —
William, John, Daniel, Charles, Eliza-
beth, and Isabella — settled in Bury, where
they worked in the mills, travelled as
chapmen, opened a shop, &c. They pros-
pered, and according to the Dir. of 1825
William Grant & Brothers then had
factories at Nuttall and Ramsbottom, and
John Grant was living at Nuttall Hall.
William Grant, the chief partner, born in
1769, died at Springside, near Bury, in
1842. Daniel and John Grant died in
1855. William Grant, the last of the

male line, nephew of the preceding
William, died 30 May 1873 at Grange.
The estates have come to Sir John
Grant Lawson, a grandson, by his mo-
ther Isabella, of John Grant of Nuttall ;
Burke, Landed Gentry, Lawson of Aid-
borough.

93 See W. Hume Elliot, Country and
Church of the Cheeryble Brothers, and Story
of the Cheeryble Grants.

10 Land. Gaz. 18 Mar. 1864.

11 46 & 47 Viet. cap. 225.

13 This change took place in 1 894, when
the township was also extended to include
a part of Elton ; Local Govt. Bd. Orders
31671 and 32291.

1 For a full account, with illustration,
see Rev. H. Dowsett, Notes on Holcombe,
21-35,119-32, 139-42; and the same
writer's Holcombe Long Ago, 109, &c. See
ibid. 68, for an account of the pile of stones
known as ' Ellen Strange.' See also Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxii, 151.

144

a Dowsett, op. cit. 75.
8 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. iv, 304 ;
also Notes on Holcombe, 1 7.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

5 The final change took place in 1894
by Local Govt. Bd. Orders 31671 and
32291.

6 V.CM. Lanes. \, 312, 319. Dower in
Tottington was claimed in 1233 by Olive,
widow of Roger de Montbegon ; Final
Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 145.
In 1235 the lordship was sold to John de
Lacy by Henry de Monewdon ; Duchy of
Lane. Great Coucher, i, 63.

Tottington occurs in the extent of the
lands of John de Lacy in 1241—2 ; it was
worth £7 u. 5</. ; Inq. and Extents (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 157. The manor
had been granted to William de la Mare,
who in 1274 exchanged it with Henry de
Lacy for Longton in Leyland ; Final Cone.
i, 152.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

been performed by the dependent manors of Bury,

Middleton, and Chadderton, so that Tottington

proper, including perhaps Shuttleworth, was free.

In 1324, however, it was

stated that the lords had been

accustomed to pay 1 8</. to a

service called Grayngall,7 and

in 1348 a payment of i6</.

was made.8 The service due

from Tottington was about

the same time called the fifth

part of a knight's fee.9

It appears to have been re-
garded as a free chase.10 A
grant of gallows was obtained
by Henry de Lacy from
Henry III." Four oxgangs
were granted by Adam de
Montbegon to Ailward de Bury
in free marriage with Alice daughter of the grantor.1*
A moiety of Shuttleworth was given to the Bury family,

MONK B R BTTON
PRIORY. Sable in chief
two covered cups, in
base a cross for my ar-
gent.

and some other grants were made ; Cowpe, Lench,
and Musbury were placed within the forest of Rossen-
dale, and Holcombe was given to the monks of Monk
Bretton, near Pontefract.13 In the time of Richard III
Holcombe had been annexed to the duchy of Lan-
caster, but the monks' claim seems to have been ad-
mitted, and they received the advowson of Darton as
compensation.14 The monks' lands were granted out
at a rent of 1 3/. ^.d. a year,15 and after the Dissolution
were in 1546 granted to John Braddyll of Whalley.16
The Compoti of 1296 and 1305 17 and the inqui-
sition of 1 3 1 1 18 give particulars of the receipts. There
was a capital messuage ; I oo acres of land were
demised to tenants at will, as also were the eight ox-
gangs ; the courts, water-mill, pasture, and Musbury
Park also produced an income.19 The free tenants
seem to have been Henry de Bury for half the manor
of Shuttleworth,10 Richard de Radcliffe,21 Robert de
Bradshaw,*1 and Roger de Chadderton for Shilling-
bottom.13 The court rolls of 1323 and 1324
contain many interesting particulars.*4

^ Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 37.

8 Sheriff's Compotus, zz Edw. III.

9 Feud. Aids, iii, 87. A similar state-
ment was made in 1431 ; ibid, iii, 96.

" Whitaker, Wballey (ed. Nicholls), i,
323. In 1313 it was described as one of
the free chases of Thomas, Earl of Lan-
caster ; Cal.Pat. 1313-17^.65. In 1327
Tottington was granted to Queen Isabel,
and a number of trespasses on the chase
were reported ; ibid. 1327—30, pp. 69,
284; I343-S. P- 4i7» &«•

11 Whitaker, Wballey, i, 326, quoting
•Towneley MSS.'

12 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 6 1 . William
de Peniston held the land in 1212 with
Cecily daughter of Alice. In 1278 Helewise
widow of Adam de Peniston was non-
suited in her claim against Henry de
Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and Gilbert de
Clifton respecting a tenement in Totting-
ton ; Assize R. 1268, m. 13. Afterwards,
in 1292, William Helewise, son of Adam
de Peniston, sought to recover the 4
oxgangs which Henry de Lacy had taken
into his hands, but failed, the jury saying
that he was born out of wedlock ; ibid.
408, m. 56.

A grant by Henry de Montbegon to
Robert son of Uriel de Tottington is in
Towneley MS. DD, no. 852.

18 Roger de Montbegon, who died in
1226, granted to Monk Bretton all his
forest called Holcombe. The bounds
mention Longshaw Head, Alden Head,
Harcles How, Pilgrim's Cross Shaw,
Tittleshaw (Titeles How), the Robbers'
Path, Salter Bridge, and the road by
Oskeley. He reserved hunting and falcons.
Pasture was allowed within bounds from
Caldwell Head and Syke to the Irwell, by
this river to Tittleshaw Brook, and up
this brook to the road. Three acres of
meadow under Harcles How were also
granted. The whole was given in free
alms for the souls of the donor and his
wife, parents, brother John Malherbe, and
others ; Whitaker, Whalley, i, 324. This
charter is perhaps an extension or correc-
tion of two others (ibid, i, 325), which
profess to give the whole of Holcombe
and pasture rights ; but the boundaries do
not agree. See also Dugdale, Man. v, 138.

The monks appear to have lost their
land soon afterwards, but in 1 304-5 occurs
a loss of rent of 55. <)\d. from land which
had been restored to them ; De Lacy Com-
poti (Chet. Soc.), 114.

In 1346 the Prior of Monk Bretton
claimed against Queen Isabel 1,500 acres
of pasture and 1,500 acres of wood in
Tottington, of which Henry de Lacy had
disseised his predecessor, William de
Rihale, prior in the time of Edward I ;
De Banco R. 348, m. 218.

14 Whitaker, Whalley, i, 325 ; the date
is 8 Feb. 1483-4. Also Cal.Pat. 1476-85,
p. 388.

15 Dugdale, Mon.v, 141.
"Pat. 3 8 Hen. VIII, pt. ix.
17 Cbet. Soc. Publ. cxii.

w Ibid. Ixxiv.

In 1295-6 the rent of Tottington was
£13 I2i. 6$d. ; the rents of free tenants
came to 4*. ii^</. ; fines of lands, court
fees, &c., brought in £4 141. ; the mill,
26s. ; and stallage, herbage, pannage, &c.,
£7 19*. i</. The total given — £27 17*. 8</.
— is a little in excess of the details ;
Compoti, 5.

In 1304-5, excluding the £4. ica.
scutage for the army of Scotland, the
profits amounted to ^38 is. 6\d. ; most
of the items showed an increase, allowance
being made for the park newly formed at
Musbury. A new approvement of 6of
acres of land yielded zos. $d, for the first
year ; ibid. 100-1.

19 De Lacy Inq. 19; Whitaker, Wballey, i,
326, 327. The total estimated net value
was only £6 6s. 3j</., against gross re-
ceipts of £38 in 1304-5.

In 1399-1400 the bailiwick of Totting-
ton produced 471. yd. and the manor
£33 191. yd. ; Farrer, Clitberoe Ct. R. 489.

In 1505 the mills were leased to Sir
John Booth for twenty-one years ; Duchy
of Lane. Misc. Books, xxi, A/5gd.

20 See the account of Shuttleworth.

M The Radcliffesof Radcliffe continued
to hold this land till the beginning of the
1 6th century. Richard son of Robert de
Radcliffe in 1292 claimed 80 acres of
pasture in Tottington against Henry de
Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, but withdrew ;
Assize R. 408, m. 57. In 1295 Richard
de Radcliffe held 20 acres by the earl's
charter at a rent of 3*., and he paid iod.
for 2^ acres, inclosed with the preceding
land, but held at will ; Compoti, 5. The
court roll of September 1513 shows that
John Radcliffe had recently died, holding
Holehouse and lands in Tottington ; his
nephew John was his heir. The roll of
September 1517 states that John Rad-
cliffe had held Holehouse, and 25 acres,

145

with common rights in Alden ; he left a
widow Mary, and his heirs were his four
sisters.

22 In 1311 Robert de Bradshagh held
a pasture freely by the service of izd. a
year ; De Lacy Inq. 19. The court rolls
for 1508, 1543, and 1551 show that this
estate was an acre at Affetside.

28 Geoffrey de Chadderton for Shilling-
bottom in 1295-6 gave ij</. in lieu of a
pound of cummin, and the same in
1304-5 ; Compoti, 5, 177. In 1311 Roger
de Chadderton held 12 acres on the same
terms ; De Lacy Inq. 19. Roger de Chad-
derton in 1325 had licence to enfeoff
Roger son of Roger de Chadderton of a
messuage, &c., in Tottington ; Cal. Pat.
1324-7, p. 182. From the court roll of
1528 it appears that William Chadderton
had held the Peel in Tottington ; Edmund
was his son and heir. In 1550 Edmund
was dead, and George his son and heir
succeeded to the Peel and lands in Tot-
tington and Edenfield ; while in June
1551 George Chadderton of Nuthurst
sold Shillingbottom to Thurstan Hamer.
Thurstan Hamer had land in Buckden
in 1547.

The estate was in 1849 the property
of Robert Nuttall of Kempsey ; Raines
MSS. xxxi, fol. 333, &c.

24 Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Cbes. xli, 6—15.
Fines were paid, for instance, for licence
to brew, for selling bad ale, for multure
carried away, for a sparrow-hawk taken
in the forest, and for ' Haymald ' of a colt.

There are numerous later court rolls
from 1507 onwards, some preserved at
Clitheroe Castle and some at the Public
Record Office. The courts were held at
Holcombe twice or thrice a year, usually
in June and October, both for the manor
and fee of Tottington. The judges, who
were the lords of the manors, were re-
quired to attend from Bury, Middleton,
Alkrington, and Chadderton ; also two
constables from each of these townships.
The officers of the manor or 'greaveship '
of Tottington were the greave, appraisers,
supervisors of bread and ale, byrlaw men,
affeerers of the court, and sometimes
fence-lookers, and moor and moss-lookers,
appointed annually. The usual business
of such courts was done. The common
pastures of Duerden, Affetside, Wykeside,
and Hawkshaw were regulated, highways
kept in order, and complaints heard about
mills, folds, &c.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The principal local families were the Nuttalls,26 Raws tor nes,26 Ramsbottoms," and Booths 2S ; but of

NUTTALL. Argent a
ihack-bolt sable.

RAWSTORNE. Per
pale azure and gules a
castle trifle-towered or.

In 151611 was stated that the court had
not been held from three weeks to three
weeks because there was no court-house.
There was then no pinfold. The tenants
had been summoned to the wapentake court
at Salford, to which they did not owe suit.
The miller of Cold wall mill in 1560 had
not kept the 'mill fleam' ij ft. deep and
3 ft. wide. Stocks for the punishment of
malefactors were asked for in 1525. One
woman and her daughter were reported in
1530 for absenting themselves from
divine service on feast days and other days
all the year round. Forbidden games re-
ceived notice ; Edmund Lomax of Cross-
dough and another were in 1522 common
players at cards, &c., in time of divine
service, at mass on feast days ; and in
1545 bowling alleys were suppressed at
Holcombe and Edenfield. Common re-
grators and forestallers were punished.
Edmund Greenhalgh was in 1520 fined
for levying a toll on people going through
to the markets in a place called Shuttle-
worth in Tottington. Several were fined
for obtaining turf, stone, and slate stones
without licence, or for obtaining them and
gelling to persons outside the manor.

Ministers' accounts for Clitheroe in
1341-2 give particulars of Tottington,
with its two mills and chase, and mention
the keeper of Musbury ; Mins. Accts.
bdle. 1091, no. 6.

85 The family took its name from Nut-
tall, originally Nuthough or Nuthaw, on
the bank of the Irwell. Roger de Noteho
was a defendant in a Bury mill case in
1256; Final Cone, i, izo; and Richard
son of Thomas de Notehoh had a grant of
land ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 864.
Richard de Notehogh in 1332 contributed
to the subsidy in Bury ; Exch. Lay Subs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33. James
Bury in 1479 complained that some of his
cattle at Gooden and Woodroad had been
taken by Henry and Geoffrey Nuttall of
Bury, Charles Nuttall of Tottington, and
others ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton, file
19 Edw. IV,*.

There were two branches of the family
established in Tottington — Nuttall of
Nuttall, and Nuttall of Tottington Hall.
Of the former family was Richard de
Nuttall, who in 1408 leased to his son
William all that land called Nuttall (Not-
hogh) in Tottington, with the buildings
thereon, lately leased to Henry de Nuttall;
Ormerod, Parentalia, 40. Henry son of
a later Richard Nuttall of Nuttall in 1491
acquired Gollinrod in Walmersley ; ibid.
41.

From the court rolls it appears that
Richard Nuttall died in 1510 holding
four messuages, 120 acres of land, &c.,
Charles being his son and heir. In
October 1537 Charles Nuttall made a
settlement of his lands in Little Hol-

combe ; and in
1549 he made a
further settlement,
Richard his son
and heir, being a
party. In 1561
Richard Nuttall,
whose heir was his
son Charles, made
a lease of certain
land. Charles Nut.
tall, gentleman,
was buried 8 Mar.
1604-5 i Charles
Nuttall of Hoi-
combe, i Aug.

1613 ; and Richard Nuttall of Nuttall, 20
Jan. 1616-17 5 Bury Reg. Charles Nut-
tall of Nuttall was a freeholder in 1600,
and another Charles contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 248, 162. He was living
in 1624, and Blome names the family in
his list of Lancashire gentry in 1673 ;
Ormerod, op. cit. 41. * The estate passed
from this family, probably by marriage, to
Miles Lonsdale, of Field House, Esq.,
about the year 1698, and was conveyed by
his descendant and representative, Ann,
only child of Henry Lonsdale, Esq., about
1790, in marriage to the Rev. Richard
Formby of Formby, LL.B., by whom it was
sold to Mr. Grant' ; Raines, in Notitia
Cestr. ii, 30, 32.

Of the Tottington Hall family was
Ralph Nuttall, who according to the
court rolls died in 1530 holding two mes-
suages, 6 oxgangs of land, and a third part
of 64 acres called Roodland in Tottington,
with common of pasture in Alden ; also a
messuage, &c., in Deardenfield. Thomas
Nuttall, his son and heir, was admitted on
a fine of 20*. Emmot, widow of Giles
Nuttall, perhaps of another family, occurs
in the roll of 1541.

Thomas Nuttall of Tottington was a
freeholder in 1600, while Ralph Nuttall
contributed to the subsidy of 1622 ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 248, 162.
From the Bury Registers it appears that
Thomas Nuttall, gentleman, was buried
19 June 1609 ; and Thomas Nuttall of
Tottington 12 Oct. 1614. These are
probably the father and son who head the
Nuttall pedigree recorded in 1664-5 5
Dugdale, V'uit. (Chet. Soc.), 222.

A further account of this family will be
found under Oldham ; they are now re-
presented by the Radclyffes of Foxdenton.
Some documents concerning them are in
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxiv, fol. 245-
57. Thomas Nuttall, who died about
1727, built a schoolhouse at Tottington
and left £3 a year towards the endow-
ment ; End. Char. Rep. Bury, 1901, p. 6.
Mr. Grimshaw was owner of Tottington
Hall in 1828; ibid. 8.

26 The name was originally Routhesthorn,
and has taken a great variety of forms;
including Rostron. Adam de Rawsthorne
was defendant to a plea by Roger son of
Geoffrey son of Joan de Bury in 1304 ;
Coram Rege R. 176, m. 48. Adam the
elder and Adam the younger contributed
to the subsidy of 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 36, 37.

Lumb Hall in Edenfield is said to have
been the seat of Adam Rawsthorne in
1482 ; Raines, in Notitia Cestr. ii, 30.
From the court rolls it appears that
Adam Rawsthorne died in 1508 holding
five messuages and 153 acres of roodland ,
he left a widow Ellen, and a son and heir

Henry. In 1528 Henry Rawsthorne died,
his son and heir Adam succeeding.
Adam Rawsthorne of the Lumb and
Richard his son were concerned in a cove-
nant of marriage with Richard Ormerod of
Wolfenden in 1551. Adam died in 1562,
and Richard, as son and heir, succeeded.

The will of Richard Rawsthorne (1580)
is printed in Piccope, Wilh (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 1 68 ; it mentions his wife Agnes, his
sons Richard, the heir, Adam, parson of
Bircham Newton (Norfolk), and Law-
rence, 'scholar,' and his daughter Ellen,
wife of Thomas Fish. The will of his
widow Agnes (1594) is also printed ; ibid.
iii, 146. Richard, the son and heir, was
buried in 1593 ; Bury Reg. His will
(1593) is printed; Piccope, op. cit. iii,
38 ; his son Edward was the heir, but
legacies were given to younger children
and others. Certain furniture, including
seven silver spoons, were to remain as
heirlooms at the capital house of the Lumb.
The will of his widow Eleanor (1599) is
in Wills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 226.

Edward Rawsthorne of Lumb was a
freeholder in 1600, and contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 247, 162. He died 20 Dec.
1634, holding lands in Ditton of the king
as of his manor of West Derby ; the Tot-
tington estate is not mentioned. The
heir was his grandson Edward (son of
Edward), two years of age ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 23. Edward
Rawsthorne of the Lumb, no doubt the
father of the heir, was buried 16 Mar.
1631-2; and Edward son of Edward
Rawsthorne of the Lumb was baptized
23 May 1632 ; Bury Reg. It is said to
have been the second Edward's daughter
and heir Elizabeth who conveyed the
estate in marriage about 1660 to Thomas
Bradshaw of Bradshaw; Raines, in Notitia
Cestr. ii, 30. Oliver Hey wood tells the
following story, which illustrates a popular
superstition : ' Mr. Rawsthorne of Lumb
and Mr. Thomas Bradshaw walked out
and after they had drunk a cup of ale re-
turned home. Going in the night by a
pit side Mr. Rawsthorne (being troubled
with the falling sickness) fell in ; Mr.
Bradshaw leapt after him to take him out,
because he could swim, but they were
both drowned. Mr. R. swam at top, but
Mr. B. could not be found. A woman
bade them cast a white loaf in, and they
doing so it would not be removed from over
the place where he was ; so they took him
up, and they were buried together. A sad
family it was, my brother being eye-wit-
ness thereof ; Diaries, iii, 89. The date
seems to be Dec. 1664. There is a pedi-
gree in Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), i, 162,
in which it is stated that Elizabeth's son
Thomas had a son and heir Rawsthorne
Bradshaw, born in 1689, who, finding the
estate much encumbered with debts, sold
it in 1725 to Miles Lonsdale.

New Hall in Edenfield is stated to have
been purchased in 1538 by Lawrence
Rawstorne of Windsor ; Raines, loc. cit.
In 1556-7 Lawrence Rawstorne of New
Hall made a settlement of his lands ; he
mentions William and Edward his sons
and Jane his daughter ; the trustees were
William son and heir of John Orrell of
Turton ; Thomas son and heir of Ralph
Nuttall of Bury ; and Peter son and heir
of James Heywood of Bury ; Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xiv, fol. 89. He is men-
tioned in the court rolls in 1538 and
1541.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

these and others w only meagre accounts can be given. bailiffs of the
The Greenhalghs of Brandlesholme were hereditary settled here.81

manor,30 and one branch of them

Edward Rawstorne of New Hall was a
freeholder in 1600, and one of the same
name contributed to the subsidy in 1622 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 246,
162. Edward Rawstorne was sheriff in
1628-9 ; P.R.O. List, 73. During the
Civil War Captain Edward Rawstorne,
probably a son of the last-named, took an
active part on the king's side, being en-
gaged in the defence of Lathom House,
and being appointed colonel and governor
of it by Prince Rupert ; he was com-
pelled to surrender it by famine and mutiny ;
Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 169-84,
201, 212. His estates were sequestered
by the Parliament ; he died without male
issue in or before 1650, when his brother
and heir Lawrence, ' having faithfully
served Parliament,' claimed the restora-
tion of the estate under a settlement made
about 1620 by his grandfather, with re-
mainders to Edward, claimant's father, to
Edward his eldest son, the ' delinquent,'
and heirs male; Cal. of Com. for Comf.
iv, 2653. The estates were restored to
Lawrence.

A pedigree was recorded in 1 664 ; Dug-
dale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 248. Of this
family Lawrence Rawstorne was sheriff
of the county in 1680-1, William his son
in 1712, Lawrence, grandson of the latter,
in 1776; P.R.O. List, 73, 74. Lawrence
eon of Lawrence purchased Penwortham,
and is represented by Mr. Lawrence Raws-
torne of Penwortham, recently the owner
of New Hall ; see Burke, Landed Gentry.
There is a pedigree in Piccope MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), i, fol. 159. The Bury Water
Board has obtained an Act for the pur-
chase of the estate.

V From the Tottington Court Rolls it
appears that Geoffrey Ramsbottom died
in or before 1532, holding Ramsbottom,
Digfield, and Carr House ; he left a widow
Alice, and his next of kin was one Richard
Ramsbottom. In 1540 Richard son and
heir of Edmund Ramsbottom and Joan
his wife sold or mortgaged Ramsbottom
and the other lands to Thomas Warburton
of Little Clegg.

In 1562 Richard Ramsbottom of Rams-
bottom was found to be kinsman and heir
of Elizabeth, widow of Lawrence Raws-
torne.

Francis Gartside in 1573 had the water
corn-mill of Caldwell under Geoffrey
Ramsbottom ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com. ),
iii, 6, 43.

Richard Ramsbottom contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 162.

28 In the court rolls it is stated that
Richard son and heir of John Booth asked
admission to messuages and land, with
common of pasture, &c., in Alden. He
appeared again in 1509 ; the property was
a messuage and 42 acres in the Booth, a
messuage and oxgang in the Old Earth,
and a messuage, &c., in the Hollins in
Edenfield. Richard Booth, perhaps the
lame, died in 1564, holding various land
and the fourth part of an oxgang ; two
sons are mentioned — Christopher, the heir,
and Richard ; Richard the son of Chris-
topher had a wife, Alice.

Richard Booth in 1573 claimed a
capital messuage in Tottington against
Thomas Holden ; Ducatus Lane, iii, 3.
Another of this name contributed to the
subsidy in 1622 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.

and Ches.), i, 162. A pedigree was re-
corded in 1665 showing that John Booth,
who died about 1615, had a son Richard
living in 1665, With a son George, aged
thirty-four, and a grandson William, aged
five; Dugdale, Vint. 44. In 1682 Wil-
liam son and heir of George Booth and
grandson of Richard Booth by Margaret
his wife was admitted at Tottington Court
to a messuage in Booth Lane ; but ten
years earlier James Lomax of Unsworth
appears to have purchased Booth Hall.
His daughter and heir Elizabeth married
John Halliwell of Pike House, and their
son John died intestate in 1771 ; Raines
MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi, fol. 345-6. It
descended to John Beswicke, and after his
death was in 1796 sold to Robert Nuttall
of Bury, whose grandson, Robert Nuttall
of Kempsey, was the owner in 1849 ;
Raines, in Notitia Cestr. ii, 31.

29 Henry de Lacy in 1302 granted that
Geoffrey de Elton should in future hold
freely that tenement he had held at will,
paying 131. \d. a year ; Add. MS. 32104,
no. 966. In 1511 Robert Elton was
admitted to a messuage and 20 acres in
Edenfield. He died in 1548 or 1549,
and his son Roger succeeded him ; Ct. R.

Lands were held in Horncliffe about
1355 by Hugh son of Robert de Horn-
cliffe ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App.

344-

The Warburton family occur early.
Thomas de Warburton paid to the sub-
sidy in Bury in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33. Two
years earlier he had acquired a messuage
in Tottington, in the possession of John
del Heywood and Margery his wife, the
widow of Roger de Red Lees ; Final Cone.
"> 7S> 76- In 1539 Thomas Warburton
seems to have been the owner and George
Warburton the tenant of Red Lees ;
Ct. R. A Thomas Warburton contri-
buted to the subsidy in 1622 ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 162. Of
this family perhaps was John Warburton,
F.R.S., F.S.A., Somerset Herald, son of
Benjamin Warburton of Bury by his
wife Mary, daughter and heir of Michael
Buxton of Buxton. He was born in
1681 and died in 1759. A full account
of him is given in Baines, Lanes, (ed.
1836), ii, 678 ; also Diet. Nat. Biog.

John Nabbs of Tottington was a free-
holder in 1600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 247. The surname occurs
in the court rolls.

Edward Rothwell died in 1530, leaving
Peter his son as heir. Margaret widow
of Edmund is named in 1547. Adam
Rothwell died in 1561, leaving John his
idiot brother as heir ; another Adam
died about the same time, the heir being
his son Thomas ; Ct. R.

There appear to have been several Holt
families in Tottington. Robert del Holt
of Tottington in 1429 complained that
Richard son of Richard de Radcliffe of
Radcliffe and others had broken into his
close at Tottington and taken his cows ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 2, m. 13 b. Chris-
topher Holt in 1512 or 1513 made a
settlement of his estate. He died in
1517, holding Hollingrave, Birch Hey,
and Wood Hey; Geoffrey was his son and
heir. Geoffrey died in 1541, leaving the
estate to his son Christopher. George
Holt died in 1523, his heir being his son

H7

William; Ct. R. John Holt in 1622
contributed to the subsidy for his lands ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
162.

Roger Holt married Jane cousin and
heir of Oliver Law, and they had disputes,
about 1 540, with Edmund Law concerning
lands in Alden ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 163, 208 ; ii, 73. From the
Court Rolls of 1 544 it appears that Jane
was the daughter and heir of John son
and heir of Oliver Law. There was a
dispute as to the measure of the land,
whether it was by 8 or 7 cloth yards to the
rod. Oliver son of Edmund Law held
the Law in Tottington in 1551.

Robert Holt left several daughters as
heirs to lands in Alden, Holcombe, and
Blacklow ; Alice, one of the daughters,
was in 1595 the wife of John Green-
halgh, and Margaret, another, the wife of
John Belfield ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),

i»» 336» 353-

Croichley seems to have been in the
possession of the Ley and Leyland fami-
lies. Robert Leyland in 1539 made a
feoffment of ' Crichlow ' ; the rent to the
king as chief lord was 31. 8<£; Ct. R.

Other families named in the Court Rolls
are Ashworth, Bamford, Barton, Brook,
Bury, Chadwick, Elcock, Haslam (Wal-
shaw), Holden, Lomax, Robert, Schole-
field (of Carr), and Wood.

Tottington occurs as a surname in
1292, when Henry son of Hugh de Tot-
tington and Mabel his wife claimed a
tenement held by Alexander son of Adam
de Tottington, but were non-suited ;
Assize R. 408, m. 32 d.

A full list of the tenants and freeholders
in 1443 '8 giyen m W. Farrer's Clitberoe
Ct. R. i, 501, 507.

Giles Morris and Agnes his wife laid
claim to a messuage and lands in Totting-
ton about 1553 ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 300; ii, 157. In 1560 Agnes
Morris, widow, made a settlement of her
la ids, with remainders to her sons Richard
and William ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 22, m. 16. Soon afterwards Agnes
married George Birch, and disputes began
with John Ainsworth, who claimed under
the will of a grandfather ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), ii, 259, 273, 384 ; iii, 24.
A settlement appears to have been made
in 1582 by John Ainsworth and Jane his
wife, and Richard Morris and Dorothy
his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdl&
44, m. 153.

Richard Towneley, who died in 1636,
had lands in Edenfield and Tottington ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 165.

80Whitaker, Whalley, i, 327; Duchy
Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,

lot.

81 Geoffrey Greenhalgh died in 1552,
holding a messuage and land in Totting-
ton ; Thomas was his son and heir ;
Ct. R.

John Greenhalgh had a capital mes-
suage called Fearnes and land which he
in 1592 settled upon his son Thomas and
his issue by Christabel his wife. Thomas
succeeded his father, and died in 1608
without issue, Richard Greenhalgh, his
brother and heir, being over forty years of
age. The lands were held of John Holt
in socage, by a rent of t>d.; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
129.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Numerous disputes are on record concerning the
wastes and commons." In 1618 the tenants agreed
to pay a composition of £1,420, and arrearages of
£264 for a confirmation of their title as copyholders,
but this was not fully carried out until i66g.33

The land tax returns show that the principal pro-
prietors in Tottington Higher End in 1796 were the
Rev. Mr. Formby and Lawrence Rawstorne ; and in
Lower End in 1797 William Lomax and Thomas
Barcroft.*4

Ancient chapels exist at Holcombe **
CHURCHES and Edenfield. At HOLCOMBE there
remained in 1552 two sets ofvestments,
some bells, and other * ornaments.' 36 After this time
Holcombe Chapel probably continued to be ' main-
tained by the inhabitants,' 37 there being no endow-
ment, and in 1634 it had a curate of its own.88 The
steward of the king's courts for Tottington held the
courts in this chapel in 1633 ; on finding the build-
ing locked against him he fined the wardens £40.
The commissioners of 1650 found it vacant 'for
want of maintenance,' and recommended that it be

made a parish church.39 From the Restoration to
the beginning of last century this chapel and Eden-
field appear to have been served by the same curate.40
It was enlarged in 1714 and again in 1774, and re-
built in 1853 ; it is now called Emmanuel Church.41
A separate district was assigned to it in 1863." The
rector of Bury is patron.

The following have been curates and rectors : — 4S

oc. 1609 Thomas Scholefield44

oc. 1615 William Rathbone

oc. 1620, 1624 John Blagge (or Bragge) tf

oc. 1634-41 Edmond Brooks46

oc. 1645 John Pollitt47

oc. 1645 Nicholas Cudworth 48

oc. 1647-48 Robert Gilbody 49

1652 Henry Pendlebury, M.A.50 (Christ's

Coll. Camb.)

oc. 1667-91 John Warburton, M.A.51

oc. 1696 William Richardson

oc. 1705 James Murray

oc. 1712 Richard Slater

81 In 1 540 Robert Holt and other
tenants of Tottington made complaint
against John Bradshaw and others re-
specting the common in Affetside ; Du-
catus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 62, 72. In
1554 the tenants complained that Roger
Gartside had trespassed on the waste ;
ibid, i, 282.

83 The documents are printed in Mr.
Dowsett's Holcombe Long Ago, 25-36 ;
see also Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Lanes, and
Ches. Rec. Soc.), ii, 276, 277. The
tenants alleged 'with regard to their
ancient copyhold lands and the commons,
&c. (which they owned were the king's
and had never been demised by copy of
Court Roll), that they had usually and
respectively every one in his own copy-
hold land been accustomed, time im-
memorial, at their free will and pleasure
upon any occasion to dig, take, and get
coals, slate stones and other stones, marl,
clay, sods, turves, and peat,' and had
common of pasture and turbary on the
commons, moors, and waste grounds, and
liberty to get coal, slate stones, &c., for
use upon their lands in Tottington. They
had resisted ' the arbitrary, excessive, and
unaccustomed fines which had of late
been taxed and claimed,' but made a
composition as stated in the text. An
Act of Parliament was to have been
passed for confirming the title, but
nothing was done till 1641. This Bill
did not receive the royal assent, and an
Act in 1650 being judged insecure, an-
other Act was passed in 1662 ; 23 & 24
Chas. II, cap. 21 (private).

A grant of two mills in Tottington
was made in 1609 ; Pat. 7 Jas. I, pt. vii.

84 Land tax returns at Preston.

85 This chapel is probably of remote
origin. It is mentioned incidentally in the
Tottington Court Roll of 1509, Richard
Kay of Sheep Hey having made an as-
sault on Hugh Hartside in the chapel of
Holcombe.

The spelling Holecumbe occurs in 1265
in a plea in Curia Regis R. 179, m. 5 d.

88 Ch. Goods (Chet. Soc.), 46. The
goods of the chapel were sold for
£3 6s. 8</.; Raines, Chantries (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 271, 273. Warden Wroe
reported that it was consecrated in the
time of Elizabeth ; Notitia Cestr. ii, 33.
Perhaps the old building had become

ruinous, for in 1717 it was the tradition
that the existing chapel had been built
for a prison. It was 49 ft. long by 23 ft.
9 in. wide, and 10 ft. 9 in. high. The
pulpit, screen, and some of the oak
benches were set up in 1696. In 1714
it was repewed, a reading desk and war-
den's pew being erected out of old
benches ; ibid, ii, 36 n.

87 So about 1610; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 12.

88 This seems to have been a tem-
porary arrangement, enforced by Bishop
Bridgeman, who ' compelled each chapelry
[i.e. Holcombe and Edenfield] to allow
£10 per annum apiece to the minister
whom they should choose, or he should
send, to officiate once a month in each
chapel; but now [1706] there are only
contributions of about £8 per annum to
both ; ' Notitia, loc. cit. The number of
services required should be noticed ; it
was no doubt an improvement on what
had been. The monthly service con-
tinued down to 1733, when the curate
began a fortnightly service, going to
Edenfield the alternate Sundays ; Hol-
combe Long A go, 85.

89 Common-wealth Ch. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 44. Holcombe was
made a separate parish in 1659, but tn'3
decree was treated as null on the Restora-
tion ; Plund. Mlm. Accts. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 274. The Lower
End of Tottington was assigned to it ; a
list of the tenants is given.

40 So Bishop Gastrell, loc. sup. cit.; 'no-
thing certain ' then belonged to the chapel.

41 Holcombe became a perpetual curacy
in 1725. In addition to the fortnightly
Sunday service, with two sermons, the
sacrament was administered four times a
year. On Easter Day, Whit Sunday, and
Christmas Day, the incumbent attended
at the mother church of Bury ; Hol-
combe Long Ago, 85.

The old chapel was taken down in
1851 ; an account of it and the building
of the present church is given in the
work cited, 87-98. There is a view in
Notes on Holcombe, 69.

48 Land. Gaa. 20 Nov. 1863. It was
declared a rectory in 1866 ; ibid. 3 Apr.

48 This list is mainly taken from Mr.
Dowsett's Notes on Holcombe, 82-5, and
Holcombe Long Ago, 138.

148

44 Visit. List at Chest. Dioc. Reg.

45 Note by Mr. Earwaker from Chest.
Registry.

46 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 95. His name occurs at the end of
the Protestation of 1641.

47 Afterwards at Milnrow.

48 Afterwards at Manchester, Sec. Noah
son of Nicholas Cudworth, minister at
Holcombe, was baptized at Bury, 22 Mar.
1645-6.

** Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), 28, &c.
He was very soon in trouble, being ac-
cused of frequenting the ale-house on
Sabbath days and fast-days, playing at
bowls, breaking forth ' into much rage
and unseemly expressions," &c.; ibid. 77,
82-5, 87. He signed the ' Harmonious
Consent ' as minister of Holcombe in
1648, but seems to have left soon after,
and became minister of Haslingden ;
ibid. 227, 228.

40 Ibid. 128. He became one of the
foremost Nonconformists of the time.
He was born at Jowkin in Bamford
(Bury) in 1626, educated at Christ's
College, Cambridge ; became a minister
in 1650 at Horwich, removing to Hol-
combe in 1652 ; was ejected in 1662,
but continued to minister in the neigh-
bourhood until his death in 1695. He
was interred in Bury churchyard on
20 June 1695, a multitude of people
attending and making 'great lamentation
over him ' ; Nightingale, Lanes. Noncon-
formity, iii, 154 ; Manch. Guardian N. and
Q. no. 570, 602, 728 ; W. Hewitson in
Heywood N. and Q. notes 318, 320, con-
taining much new matter. He wrote
a number of sermons and tracts, the
principal of which is a Plain Representation
of Transubstantiation, 1687.

61 He was there from about 1667 till
1691 (or later), as appears from Stratford's
Visitation List. In 1671 he wrote that
he had been promised 301. a year by
Edward Kenyon, rector of Prestwich
(died 1668), as stipend for his service at
the chapels of Edenfield and Holcombe ;
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 87.
He is perhaps the John Warburton son
of Francis Warburton of Stubbins who
entered St. John's College, Cambridge,
in 1639, and took the M.A. degree in
1664 ; Admissions to St. John's Col, i,
44-

SALFORD HUNDRED

BURY

oc. 1717 C. Barrett58

1722 Thomas Ryder 5S

1725 John Boardman

1738 John Lowe, B.A.

1757 William Harrison

1760 Richard Thickstone

1764 John Smith55

1 8 10 William Holt,56 M.A. (Brasenose

Coll. Oxf.)
1849 George Nightingale,57 M.A. (St.

Cath. Coll. Camb.)
1875 Henry Dowsett 58
1905 George Lawson Merchant, M.A.

(Worcester Coll. Oxf.)

There was a chapel at EDENF1ELD 59 as early as
1541 ^ this was perhaps the building described
in 1546 as built by the tenants upon a piece of the
king's waste, in which their chaplain celebrated daily
for the souls of all the faithful departed.61 An inquiry
was made about it in I552,61 and it appears to have
been sold to William Kenyon, who next year was in
possession.63 Possibly it was recovered or a new one
was built, for the tradition in Bishop Gastrell's time
was that the then-existing chapel had been consecrated
in the time of Elizabeth.64 In the next century it,
like Holcombe, was kept up by the inhabitants, with-
out endowment.65 In 1634 it had a separate curate,66
but was vacant in i65o,67 and was usually served by
the curate of Holcombe m down to the beginning of
last century ; down to 1733 service was held there
once a month only, but afterwards on alternate
Sundays.69 It was rebuilt in 1778. No dedication
is known. A separate district was assigned to it in
i865.70 The rector of Bury is patron.

The curates and vicars since Edenfield became
separate from Holcombe have been : —

1842 Matthew Wilson 71

1870 James Pearse Yeo "

1902 Alfred Dinley Studdy Studdy, B.A. (Lond.)

In recent times the following have been erected for
the worship of the Established Church : — St. Anne's,
Tottington, in 1 799 — patron, the rector of Bury ; n
St. Paul's, Ramsbottom, 1850, rebuilt 1 864 74 — patron,
the Crown and the Bishop of Manchester, alternately ;
and St. Andrew's, in the same town, 1875 — patron,
Sir John Grant Lawson ; " St. Mary's, Hawkshaw
Lane, 1892 — patron, the Bishop of Manchester.

St. John's Free Church of England, Tottington,
was built in 1867-8.

The Wesleyans have a church at Tottington built
in 1820 and rebuilt in 1904; others at Walshaw,
at Hawkshaw Lane, at Ramsbottom, built in 1873,
and at Edenfield, built in 1832 and rebuilt in 1879.
The Primitive Methodists have churches at Rams-
bottom and Edenfield, built in 1889 and 1 88 1
respectively. The United Methodist Church is re-
presented at Ramsbottom, Holcombe Brook, and
Hawkshaw Lane.

The Baptists have a church at Ramsbottom, built
in 1851 ; the Particular Baptists also have one
there.

Protestant Nonconformity since 1662 is represented
by the chapel at Dundee. Henry Pendlebury, on
being expelled from Holcombe, continued to minister
in the district, principally at Bast House, on the other
side of the Irwell. His successor, Edward Rothwell
of Tunley, moved to Holcombe, and in 1712 there
built a chapel within a stone's throw of the old
chapel. Another chapel, still in use, was built nearer
Ramsbottom. The English Presbyterians and Inde-
pendents continued to occupy it until 1813, when it
was acquired by the Scottish Presbyterians, who still
retain it.76 In 1832 a new church, St. Andrew's, now
belonging to the English Establishment, was built for
the congregation, but closed to them in 1869 ; they
returned to the old chapel for a time, but in 1873
the new church of St. Andrew was built for them ;
it is connected with the Presbyterian Church of
England.77

53 Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 36.
68 The Church Papers at Chester begin
here.

55 There is a memorial tablet in the
church. A number of his memoranda
are printed in Holcombe Long Ago. A
list of his goods, including his gown, cas-
sock, and bands, and 71 books, is given
on p. 14. He valued his sermons at £20.
One of these, on the Arians, appears to
have been printed.

56 There is a memorial brass in the
church.

57 There is a memorial brass to him.

58 Mr. Dowsett resigned in 1905 ; he
is the author of Notes on Holcombe (1901)
and Holcombe Long Ago (1902), which
have been freely quoted in this account
of the chapel and township.

89 The older spellings were Ay tonfield
or Etonficld.

60 In the Tottington Court Roll of 1542
it is recorded that Elizabeth Crabtree
made an assault on Margaret Henryson
and John Hey within Edenfield Chapel
on 8 Sept. 1541. Again in 1543 John
Shipplebottom was fined for having at
the time of vespers at Edenfield Chapel
beaten Thurstan Booth, to the distur-
bance of divine service in the chapel, and
to the danger of Thurstan's life had not
the people present given him assistance.

41 Ct. R. of 22 May, 38 Hen. VIII ;
the land measured a rood and a half.

62 Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 119.
There was only one set of vestments
remaining at that time ; Ch. Gds. 46.
The 'stock* wai sold for 401.; Raines,
Chant, ii, 273. Hugh Birtwisle was curate
of Edenfield in 1554 and 1563; he did
not appear in 1565 ; Visitation lists.

63 Ct. R. of Thursday before Pentecost,
7 Edw. VI ; the land is called half an
acre.

64 Notitia, ut sup. ' Consecrated ' may
mean no more than 'licensed for service.'

65 Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,
12. William Kay of Edenfield was pre-
sented (about 1590) for having an ale
and minstrels who played upon the Sab-
bath day ; ibid. 582.

66 See the note on Holcombe above.

67 Commonwealth Ch. Surv. 44. Robert
Hill had been minister in 1647, but was
removed for misbehaviour ; then one
William Langley followed for a time
(1648), but though a Puritan he set the
Classis at defiance, and had to leave ; see
the notice of them in Shaw's Bury Classit,
233, 239-41. A Mr. Bridge was reproved
for ministering without ordination in
1649-50 ; ibid. 216.

Edenfield was a separate parish for a
brief period (1659-60) ; Plund. Mins.
Accts. ii, 279. The Upper End of Tot-
tington, with Shuttle-worth, Cowpe, Lench,
and Musbury were assigned to it.

68 Notitia, ii, 33.

I49

89 Holtombe Long Ago, 85 j two ser-
mons were about 1767 preached on Sun-
days, and the Sacrament was administered
four times a year, Good Friday being one.
In the same volume (p. 38) is a record
of an ancient bequest of books to the
chapel.

70 Lond. Gaz. 8 Aug. 1865.

71 Died 13 Feb. 1870.
1* Died 29 Oct. 1901.

78 A district was assigned to it in 1844;
Lond. Gax. 23 Feb.

74 The district was formed in 1844 ;
LonJ. Gats. 3 June.

75 The church was built in 1832 by
William Grant as a Presbyterian church,
and after being used for Anglican services
for some time, was formally transferred
to the Established Church in 1875. For
the district assigned to it, see Lond. Gaz. 15
Feb. 1876.

76 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
154-67. Bank Street Chapel, Bury, now
Unitarian, and Park Chapel, Walmersley,
are old offshoots of Holcombe.

77 The story is also told in Barton, Bury,
213-20. It appears that Peter Ramsay,
the minister in 1813, offended the Grant
family by his personalities and was forcibly
ejected. After various changes Dr. An-
drew MacLean came as pastor in 1829,
and was so popular that St. Andrew's was
built for him by the Grants, who also
maintained it. In 1869, Dr. MacLean

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The Congregationalists, who thus lost Dundee
Chapel, have a new church there and one at Stubbins,
built in 1866-7 > a^so one at Green Mount, with a
lofty tower and spire, built in 1866. The last-
named has a mission chapel at Affetside.78

The Swedenborgians erected a church at Rams-
bottom in 1831 ; this was replaced by another in
1876.

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Joseph, Rams-
bottom, was built in 1879, replacing one opened in
1862 ; the chapel of the Home for Orphans at
Tottington is also available for the public.

MUSBURY

Musbury, 1329.

This township, which lies in the hundred of
Blackburn, has three portions called Musbury Park,
904^ acres, Musden Head, 398^ acres, and the
Trippet of Ogden, 4 1 o^ acres ; the total area is
nearly 1,713 acres. The northern boundary is
formed by Ogden Brook, flowing east and south-east
to join the Irwell. From the west and south two
spurs of the hills project into the township, called
Musbury Heights, 1, 268 ft., and Burnt Hill and Tor
Hill. The valley on the northernmost slope is called
Ogden, that between the spurs Musbury, the head of
it being called Musden Head, and that on the south
Alden. Musbury Park is on the southern spur.

The principal road is that from Bury to Accring-
ton, from which another to Blackburn branches off.
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway
from Bury to Accrington crosses the eastern corner.

There are several mills beside the Ogden and
Alden, and some quarries on the hills. The Ogden
Valley contains two reservoirs of the Bury Water-
works.

Musbury has ceased to be a township since 1 894,
when the borough of Haslingden was made a civil
parish.1

A licence for free warren in Tottingtoa
PARK was granted to the Earl of Lincoln in izg^,2
and the park at Musbury appears to have
been formed shortly afterwards.3 There is little to
be noted of this district,4 nor does there seem to be
any record of the manner in which it became attached
to the hundred of Blackburn. Possibly as being a
park it was included in the Forest of Rossendale.5

The only places of worship in the township are
Sion Chapel and another Methodist chapel.

COWPE, LENCH, NEWHALL HEY,
HALL CARR

Couhope, 1325.

Lenches (xvii cent.).

This crescent- shaped township occupies the northern
slope of the ridge which divides the hundreds of
Blackburn and Salford, being included in the former,
though the manor and parish to which it belongs are
in the latter. The northern boundary is formed by
the Irwell and a tributary stream. Cowpe forms the
eastern corner with the hamlet of Boarsgreave ; Lench
lies on the north-eastern slope of the hill, opposite
Newchurch in Rossendale ; Newhall Hey 6 and Hall
Carr occupy the western slope, in which lie the
hamlets of Townsend Fold, Wood Top, and Long-
holme. The area of the township is 1,499 acres»
composed as follows: — Cowpe 569^, Lench 396,
Newhall Hey and Hall Carr 533!-

The principal and practically the only road is that
from Bury to Rawtenstall and Bacup, which runs
near the Irwell on the north-western side of the
township. Near it runs the Bury and Bacup branch
of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway.

There are numerous quarries on the hills, while
cotton-mills line the banks of the Irwell.

Horse-races formerly took place near Cowpe.7

being infirm and incapable, the represen-
tative of the family, a member of the
Established Church, gave him notice to
go and offered a retiring pension, being
assured that the building was legally his
own property.

78 The church at Stubbins was an off-
shoot from Park in 1861 ; that at Dun-
dee is the result of a dispute among the
teachers and scholars at the old Dundee
School ; it was built in 1885 ; Nigh ting-
gale, op. cit. iii, 238. The church at Green
Mount owes its beginnings to the arbi-
trary dismissal of the Sunday-school
superintendent at St. Anne's Church,
Tottington. A school-chapel was built
in 1848, and a church formed about nine
years later ; ibid, iii, 211-15, 239»

1 Local Govt. Bd. Order 32291.

a Chart. R. 87 (22 Edw. I), m. u,
no. 23.

8 By a comparison of the De Lacy
Comfoti (Chet. Soc.) of 1295-6 and
1304-5, the 'newly made park" is seen
to have been formed about that time ;
pp. 5, 100— i. The accounts for the park
palings are given ; ibid. 98, 115. 'The
whole land of Musbury ' had been granted
to John de Lacy (before 1241) by Lewis
de Bernavill ; Whitaker, Whalley (ed.
Nicholls), i, 316. Henry de Lacy in 1307
granted to Adam son of Adam de Holden
part of the waste in Tottington adjoining
Musbury Park, at a rent of 5*. j ibid. 191,

quoting Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xiv, 54.
The park, with its herbage and agist-
ments, was said to be worth 131. \d. in
1311 ; De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc.), 19.

Trespasses in Queen Isabel's park of
Musbury are recorded in 1329 and 1330 ;
Cal.Pat. 1327-30, pp.435, 566- IQ '334
Adam son of William de Radcliffe and
many others, including the rector of Bury,
broke and entered the park and took and
carried away venison; Coram Rege. R. 302,
Rex, m. 6 d. William de Tonge was
parker in 1346 ; Cal. Close, 1346-9, p.
SO.

4 In 1485 the king leased the herbage
and pannage of his park of Musbury to
Lawrence Maderer ; Duchy of Lane. Misc.
Bks. 21, fol. 9, A/54- Notes of other
leases and the following list of parkers
are given in Whitaker, ffhalley, loc. sup.
cit. : — Nicholas Brownlow, 1413 ; John
Barlow ; John Kay, 1463 ; Lawrence
Maderer.

The Tippet (Trippet) of Ogden or Ug-
den was the subject of several disputes in
the time of Elizabeth. It was stated to
be within the manor of Accrington ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 385 ; iii,
56, 78.

6 From the Comfoti above referred to it
is clear that Musbury was within the
manor of Tottington in 1305. The re-
ferences in Queen Isabel's time are vague,
but suggest that it had become indepen-

ISO

dent, though perhaps not included in
Rossendale.

There are references to Musbury among
the inquests of the Forest of Rossendale
in the court rolls of the manor of Accring-
ton preserved at Clitheroe Castle and the
Public Record Office.

For instance, in 1518 the greave of
Rossendale surrendered a corn-mill in
Oakenhead Wood, with its water-course
and the soke of all the tenants and in-
habitants in Rossendale, Musbury, and
New hall Hey ; see also the roll of
1514.

In 1538 Richard Duckworth of Mus-
bury was found to have died holding a
house and land ; John Duckworth was
his son and heir (see also Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), ii, 317).

A messuage and lands in Musbury
Park in the Forest of Rossendale were in
1 546 surrendered to the use of Lawrence
son of Lawrence Taylor ; the fine, 32*. 6</.,
was the same as the annual rent, and this
seems to have been the rule in such
transfers.

Alexander Entwisle of Edgeworth held
two messuages in Musbury in 1603 ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xviii, no.

*3-

6 The place so called lies on the north

bank of the Irwell, outside the township
and parish.

7 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), ii, 674.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

A catastrophe known as Cowpe Flood occurred in
1838, due, it is said, to a 'cloudburst' on the hill
at the head of Cowpe Valley.8

The township has now ceased to exist, being part
of the borough of Rawtenstall, which was made a
civil parish in 1894.'

There is practically nothing to record of this town-
ship. It may have become attached to the hundred

of Blackburn through its proximity to the Forest of
Rossendale, in which it was long included.10

In connexion with the Established Church,
St. James's, Waterfoot, was opened by licence in
1863 and consecrated in 1865.

A small building, said to have been a pre-Refor-
mation chapel, formerly stood at Rough Lee in
Lench.11

MIDDLETON

MIDDLETON

PILSWORTH

HOPWOOD

THORNHAM

BIRTLE-WITH-BAMFORD

ASHWORTH

AINSWORTH
GREAT LEVER

This parish, originally a single manor, comprises
1 2,1 o I acres, and in addition to the central portion —
Middleton proper, with Pilsworth, Hopwood, and
Thornham — has a number of outlying portions, some
distant several miles from the parish church. Great
Lever, one of these detached parts, though like the
others a ' hamlet ' of Middleton, appears to have had
an independent history, and was perhaps early added
to Middleton to compensate for the loss of RadclifFe.
The history of the parish is that of the lords of the
manor until recent times, when coal-mining and
manufactures have caused great changes. Formerly a
large part of the area was moorland, and considerable
portions are still used as pasture lands.

The ' hamlets ' appear to have become ' townships'
in the i8th century.1

In 1624 the parish was assessed to the county lay
as a single township, paying £5 i6s. when Salford
Hundred contributed £100.* In consequence of
disputes, the proportions to be borne by the several
hamlets had been agreed upon in 1590.* To the
fifteenth Middleton contributed £2 out of
£4.1 14;. \d. paid by the hundred.4

Several distinguished men have sprung from the
parish — Cardinal Langley, William Holt the Jesuit,
Thomas Jones, Archbishop of Dublin, Ralph Assheton
the Parliamentary leader in the county ; William

Assheton and Charles Burton,5 divines ; and Samuel
Bamford. Sir Ralph Assheton, who acquired the
manor with his wife, may also be mentioned, as
also his descendant, Sir Richard, who fought at
Flodden. In religious and political matters the
people seem to have gone with the times, embracing
Protestantism without reluctance and siding with the
Parliament in the Civil War, though the lord of Ash-
worth and one of his tenants suffered for taking the
other side. In more recent times the people became
strongly Radical, as in other places where there was a
large manufacturing population. Luddite riots
occurred in 1812. Middleton gives a name to one
of the parliamentary divisions of the county.

The following is the apportionment of agricultural
land in the parish : Arable land, 1,394 acres ; per-
manent grass, 5,060 ; woods and plantations, 142.
The details are given thus : —

Middleton .
Middleton . . .
Middleton . . .
Birtle-with-Bamford
Ashworth
Great Lever.
Ainsworth ,

Arable

Grass

Woods, &c.

acres

acres

acres

99

54

—

604

111

—

506

909

50

28

1,164

62

17

815

28

—

321

—

140

1,020

2

8 Newbigging, Forest of Rossendale, 317.

9 Local Govt. Bd. Order 32291.

10 The following are among the refer-
ences to the township in the inquests of
the Forest of Rossendale included in the
court rolls of the manor of Accrington,
preserved in the Public Record Office and
at Clitheroe Castle.

John Nuttall of Newhall Hey in 1539
claimed 10*. damages against Nicholas
Ramsbottom for encroachment and wrong-
ful inclosure of a parcel of land at Newhall
Hey ; and the jury set out merestones
according to which the defendant was in
future to occupy. The parties made an
agreement jn the following year regarding
fences between Hall Carr and Newhall
Hey.

The greave of Rossendale surrendered in
1539 a messuage and appurtenances in
Cowpe Close, given him by James Pecopp,
to the use of John and Peter Pecopp.
In 1564 Charles son of Richard Nuttall,
Richard son of Richard Rawstorne of
Lumb, John son of John Bridge, and
George Nuttall of Goliinrod, at the re-

quest of Charles Nuttall of Aveley in
Essex, son and heir of Charles Nuttall,
late of Crow Lumb, deceased, surrendered
a messuage, &c., in Cowpe, rented at
zis. 3</., in the occupation of Robert
Nuttall and Ralph his son, to the use of
Christopher Nuttall of Newhall Hey and
other feoffees for the following purposes : —
To the use of the above Robert Nuttall of
Cowpe for thirty-three years, paying
9*. id. to Elizabeth Rawstorne, and
after her death to Richard son of Giles
Nuttall and his heirs ; at the end of the
term a moiety or 'half dole' was to be
held for the above Ralph Nuttall and
the other moiety for Richard son of Giles,
but Ralph was to pay Richard ^21 in
three instalments in Edenfield Chapel.
The fine upon admittance was us. T,d. —
the same as the rent.

In 1532 the jury, in deciding on a com-
plaint as to the obstruction of a road
from the Lench to Deadwin Clough,
awarded the plaintiff a sufficient road from
' Le Lenche Yait ' to his house, and also
ordered that a ' middyng sted ' upon the

said king's highway should be removed.
John Nuttall in 1539 complained that
his brother Ralph had trespassed by
making a path on his land at the Lench
and Marled Earth, and defendant was
directed to use instead a road from the
Lench to the Carr meadow head. There
was another dispute between the brothers
in 1-541. A messuage in the Lench was
in 1545 surrendered to the use of Vane
or Evan son of John Schotield ; the fine,
211. 8i/., was the same as the rent of the
tenement, and this appears to have been
the rule.

11 Newbigging, Rossendale, in. The
statement that 'a large stone pulpit was
demolished when the building was con-
verted to its present use ' — two cottages
— throws doubt upon the story.

1 Bishop Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 99, has
' hamlets ' in the text and ' towns ' in the
margin.

2 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 22.
8 Hist. AfSS. Com. Rcf>. xiv, App. iv, 574.
4 Gregson, op. cit. 18.

8 Diet. Nat. Biog.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

The Lower Coal Measures or Gannister Beds
underlie the greater part of the parish, but a broad
belt of the Coal Measures occurs from Heywood to
Middleton, overlying the greater part of the town-
ships of Middleton and Hopwood, whilst other areas
are found at Bamford and over the eastern half of the
township of Thornham.

The church of ST. LEONARD6 stands
CHURCH in a commanding position on the north
side of the town, on high ground over-
looking the valley of the Irk. It consists of chancel,
with north and south chapels and south vestry, nave
with north and south aisles, south porch and west
tower. There is no structural division between the
nave and chancel, the nave taking up the first five
bays from the west, and the quire seats occupying the
sixth. The sixth bay is inclosed by screens on the
north and south, and a line of screens runs across the
church on its west side. The east part of the chancel
projects 1 6 ft. 6 in. in front of the line of the chapels
and is lighted by a modern
window of five lights, and by
north and south windows of
three and two lights respec-
tively.

The greater part of the
church was rebuilt in the 1 6th
century, but there are remains
of much older work, and the
tower dates from the beginning
of the 1 5th century. The
earliest part is the tower arch,
which is built up of 12th-
century masonry belonging to
a former building. Other
fragments of 1 2th - century
masonry have also been used
up in the later rebuilding. Of
the extent of the 1 2th-century
church no evidence remains,
but its nave was most likely
about 40 ft. long by 18 ft.
wide, covering approximately
the space occupied by the
three western bays of the nave
before its extension northward.
This church appears to have stood till the beginning
of the 1 5th century, when Thomas Langley, Bishop
of Durham, pulled it down and built an entirely new
structure * of well hewn stone, with a roof of won-
drous beauty.' 7

The new building was consecrated 22 August
1412, but the only part of it which can with any
certainty be said to remain is the tower. The extent
of Langley's church can only be surmised, but he
seems to have retained the width of the 12th-century
nave, lengthening it eastward and adding, or perhaps
only rebuilding, the north and south aisles. Its plan
is, however, only a matter of conjecture ; it may be

suggested that the nave was of about the length of the
four existing western bays, and that the chancel was
continued some 30 ft. eastward. The door now
called Langley's door at the south-east end of the
south aisle appears to be of older date than the rest
of that part of the building, but it is very doubtful
whether it is in its original position.

Langley's work seems to have stood little more than
a hundred years, for the greater part of the present
building dates from 1524, when Richard Assheton
reconstructed it, setting up the present nave arcades
and clearstories, and the north and south aisles. The
line of Langley's south arcade was retained, and the
south aisle widened to its present extent ; but the north
arcade was pushed 5 ft. to the north, giving a nave
24 ft. 6 in. in width, and throwing the tower out of
the centre.8 The chancel now assumed its present
shape, though its north wall was probably solid, being
pierced with an arch at a later date, when the so-
called rector's chapel (now the organ chamber) was

MIDDLETON CHURCH

built. The Assheton Chapel on the south side was-
founded at this time, though the fact that its east wall
does not bond with that of the chancel suggests its
having been an addition, or that this wall was rebuilt
at a later time. The north chapel, by the evidence of
its windows, as well as of the straight joint in the pier
north of the chapel, which was evidently originally 3
respond, appears to be of later date than the north
aisle, probably of the first half of the 1 7th century.
To a later date than 1524, too, must be assigned the
south-east vestry, which is below the level of the floor
of the church, probably to avoid blocking the windows
of the chancel and south chapel. The vestry walls,

6 About 1240 Robert son of Roger de
Middleton released to his aunt Helewise
a 'land' called Henginde Chader (Hang-
ing Chadder in Thornham) given her by
her brother, his father, in free marriage,
to hold in free alms of the parsons serv-
ing God in the church of St. Leonard of
Middleton, rendering 4 /. yearly on the
altar of St. Leonard. The bounds in-
cluded Blacklache (between Thornham

and Hanging Chadder), Lostebooth
Clough, Creswall Syke, Fahhanesgreave,
Lamilache, the great highway by Bolster-
Stan (Balderston) towards Ciompton, the
head of Great Hathershaw and Hather-
shaw Brook, Saltergate (between Berdes-
hul and Bolsterstancroft), and Little
Hathershaw Brook. The land had been
•bounded to God and the church of B.
Leonard,' free and quit of Robert and his

'53

heirs, for his own welfare and that of his
wife and children, in free alms, nothing
being required except prayers and psalms;
Hopwood D.

7 ' Quae tam in opere lapideo, quam in.
tectura arte mirifica et perpolite vestris
sumptibus de novo totaliter constructa est ' ;,
Licence of bishop for Langley's church.

8 Compare for this process Eccles-
Church, Manchester Cathedral, &c.

20

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

for which the ground had apparently to be lowered,
are not bonded with those of the main building, and
though their exterior detail is similar to that of the
north aisle, they seem to be later work.

West and side galleries were erected at the end of
the 1 8th century,9 that on the south side being carried
over the Assheton Chapel, but these were taken down
in the restoration of 1868, when the church was
reseated and a doorway, which formerly existed in the
north wall of the tower, was built up.10

There were extensive alterations and restorations
in 1846-7 and 1868-9.

The walls of the building are constructed of rather
rough masonry, except those of the tower, which still
retain the more finely wrought work of Langley's
time. The walls of both aisles and clearstories are
embattled, and the roofs are covered with lead. The
aisles have lean-to roofs, those of the north being of

present five-light window substituted for a late
window of seven lights with transoms, but no tracery.
The window on the north has three trefoiled lights
under a three-centred arch, and is the original 16th-
century one ; that on the south side, which contains
the * Flodden ' glass, is of two lights, and belongs to
1847. A doorway on the south side to the vestry
was blocked up in 1872, and the entrance removed to
the east end of the Assheton Chapel. The west half
of the chancel has an arch north and south to the two
chapels, that on the north, as already mentioned,
being apparently a later extension eastward when the
chapel was built or reconstructed. The north chapel
is now used as an organ chamber, but was formerly
known as the Rector's or Langley's Chapel, pre-
sumably from the fact that the altar of the Virgin and
St. Cuthbert, endowed by Langley, was on this side
of the nave. There is nothing to show, however,

I**1 Ccrrtury
Circa 1410.

of Feef.

PLAN OF MIDDLETON CHURCH

flatter pitch than the south, and the external detail of
the north side of the building is generally plainer
and poorer than that of the south, which has an
elaborately panelled and moulded embattled parapet
to the aisle. On the middle of the parapet of the
south aisle is the inscription : RIC. ASSHETON et ANNA
uxo. ei. anno D'NI M°V°XXIII,' and at its east end are
two stones with inscriptions, the upper one of which

is uncertain, and the lower has the initials

STD.

The chancel, 24 ft. 6 in. by 30 ft., preserves none
of its ancient ritual arrangements. The east wall
above the window sill was rebuilt in 1 847, and the

that a separate chapel existed on the present site
before the existing one was erected. The east window
is of five and the north window of four uncusped
lights under three-centred heads. The windows to
the Assheton Chapel have a similar number of un-
cusped lights, that on the south being under a seg-
mental head, while the two-light window at the east
end of the south aisle, together with the window over
the * Langley door,' are of similar plain detail. All
the other windows to the north and south aisles have
four-centred arched heads and cusped lights. There
is a descent of seven steps from the Assheton Chapel
to the south-east vestry, and the oak door is probably

* North and south galleries, 1792.
18 Glynne mentions ' a frightful taw-
dry pew belonging to Lord Suffield ' in

the south gallery ; Lanes. Churches (Chet. over the rest of the south aisle eastward. A
Soc.), 97. This was in the fourth bay from brief description of the building about 1795

If S i t

the west,but Lord Suffield's gallery extended
154

is in Aikin's Country round Munch. 243.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

the original one brought from its old position on the
south side of the chancel. There is what appears to
be the remains of a piscina at the east end of the
south wall of the Assheton Chapel under the window,
about 3 ft. 3 in. from the floor. The vestry is lighted
by a two-light window on its east and south sides,
and a recess in the north wall shows the position of
.the original doorway.

The nave is 24 ft. 6 in. by 70 ft. in length, and
has an arcade of five bays with octagonal piers and
pointed arches of two plain chamfered orders. The
capitals and bases are coarsely moulded, and the eastern
arch on the north side has a line of 12th-century
billet ornament in its outer order, a piece of detail
from the former church. There is nothing to show
why this particular arch should have been thus dis-
tinguished. The arcade is continued one bay
eastward into the chancel, and the eastern pier on
each side, between the chancel and the nave, has a
cable-moulded necking which slightly distinguishes it
from the others. The clearstory runs the whole
length of nave and chancel, and has twelve uncusped
three-light square-headed windows on each side. The
roof to nave and chancel is of flat pitch with brackets
carried down the wall resting on corbels between the
clearstory windows, and is a modern restoration of the
original oak roof of the 16th-century church. The
weathering of a former roof remains in the east wall
of the west tower, showing the centre line of Langley's
nave. Above, on the south side, is a door which
formerly led from the upper stage of the tower to the
roof. The tower arch is pointed, but is constructed,
as before stated, of 12th-century masonry, probably
dating from about 1140. It is now of two orders,
sitting rather awkwardly on the three shafts below,
the inner order being plain, but the outer one made
up of stones carved with cheverons with an outer ring
of variously ornamented stones. The arch rests
on three 12th-century shafts at either side with
moulded capitals and bases, raised some height above
the floor in the rebuilding. Of the six capitals five
are of the scalloped type with cable-moulding under ;
the sixth is an ornamented variety of the cushion
capital. The abaci are of different patterns, but the
square billet ornament is much used.

The north aisle is 146. wide, and has a narrow
pointed door with moulded jambs and head and ex-
ternal label opposite the second bay from the west,
with a three-light window to each of the other bays,
and one at the west end which is entirely new, with
three cinquefoiled lights under a pointed head. At
the east end of the north wall, between the third and
fourth windows from the west, is a recess in the wall
2 ft. 2 in. deep and 6 ft. 6 in. wide under a four-
centred arched head 4 ft. high, and raised above the
floor 1 3 in., containing a coffin slab with a foliated
incised cross. Above the recess is the indent of a
small brass of a hooded female with inscription under.
There is nothing to indicate whom the brass comme-
morated or whether it has any connexion with the
recess underneath, but the latter is popularly styled
the ' founder's tomb,' and there is a tradition that the
original north aisle was built by Maud Middleton
early in the I4th century, and that she was buried
under the north wall. It is possible that the incised slab
marked her burial-place, and that in the rebuilding of
1524 the recess was made to contain it, and a brass

placed above to commemorate the lady whose remains
it formerly covered.11 There is also a plain corbel
above the recess about 7 ft. from the floor.

The south aisle is 2 1 ft. 6 in. wide, but narrows to
1 5 ft. 6 in., the width of the Assheton Chapel, near its
east end. It has three three-light windows in the
south wall, in two of which the mullions have been
renewed, and one at the west end. The east end of
the wider part is occupied by the Hopwood Chapel or
pew, which has a two-light window in the east wall,
and is inclosed by a Jacobean oak screen with twisted
balusters along the top. The pew is I o ft. 6 in. by
12 ft. 6 in. and has four linen pattern panels inserted
at its north-east corner. The walls on the east and
south are likewise panelled, hiding a piscina at the
south-east. There is a moulded bracket on the east
wall 8 ft. from the floor. At the east end of the south
aisle is the ' Langley door,' which has a square-
shouldered lintel and a two-light window over. The
door itself is ancient and nail-studded, and the
masonry, as before stated, is older than that on either
side of it, though the evidence of the head and jambs
suggests that it has been moved. The east wall of
the south aisle, however, does not bond with that con-
taining the doorway, and it is just possible that the
latter is part of the 15th-century church in its original
position . It is to be noted that the south wall of the
Assheton Chapel sets back 3 in. on the inside at a
height of 6 ft. above the floor.

The south porch projects 1 1 ft. 6 in. in front of
the aisle wall opposite the second bay from the west,
and has a low pointed outer arch with ogee crocketed
label over, flanked by canopied niches. Like the rest of
the building it has an embattled parapet, and the whole
of its south face has been elaborately panelled, though
the detail is now much worn away and its beauty

lost. Over the entrance are the initials A seeming

R Ay

to imply that it is the work of Richard and Ann
Assheton. There are also two shields, one of which
shows the Assheton molet, but the other is defaced.
The porch is an open one with seats on each side, and
the inner doorway has a four-centred moulded arch
and retains its old nail-studded door with wicket and
wooden draw-bar.

The tower is loft. 6 in. square inside, and is of
three stages with diagonal buttresses and a vice in the
south-west corner. The west window of the ground
story is of two cinquefoiled lights with tracery over,
and above this is a window of two trefoiled lights
with a quatrefoil in the head. The jambs of both
are old, but the mullions and tracery have been
renewed. The upper stage of the tower contains a
clock with faces on the north, south, and west sides,
above which is a string-course crowned with an em-
battled parapet. The north and south sides of the
tower are plain, but there are slits to light the vice
in the south-west corner on both faces. In 1709 a
further story was added in the shape of a wooden
belfry stage with a roof gabled on all four sides, giving
a curious and not very attractive finish to the tower.
The original outside oak boarding, having decayed,
has been replaced by pitch pine.

The rood screen, though damaged in the i8th
century and probably also by repairs in the early part
of the I gth century (c. 1835-44), '1S a g°°d example
of 15th-century work. The whole was repaired in

11 Lana. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xv, 173.
155

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

1 898, when the rood was set up over it. It has a wide
central opening with double doors, and four openings on
each side, with traceried heads, and above are modern
canopies with richly carved cornice and cresting.
The lower part is filled with panels with carved
shields on which are displayed in bad heraldry the
arms of the Asshetons and their alliances." The
screen formerly extended across the full width of the
church, but the parts in front of the two chapels
appear to have been demolished when the galleries
were erected. These have now been replaced by
modern screens in character with the older work.
The screen between the chancel and the north chapel
(organ chamber) is ancient, and has nine openings
with traceried heads and a four-centred arched door-
way at the west end with carved spandrels. The
cornice is carved with the vine trail, but the cresting
is broken and mutilated. The screen opposite,
between the chancel and Assheton Chapel, is modern
and very plain, but retains a little old work in a leaf-
pattern cornice on the chancel side.

There are four old stalls at each side of the chancel
door, the misericordes being very simply carved with
leaves, and in the quire are six old bench-ends — three
on each side, now used as ends to the quire stalls.
Otherwise all the fittings, including the font, pulpit,
and seating, are modern. The font is at the west end
of the south aisle, and was plain till 1 846, when it
was carved as at present. There is an old oak alms-
box at the east end of the north aisle.

There are several brasses to the Asshetons within
the altar rails, the most interesting being that of Sir
Ralph Assheton and his wife Margery (Barton) with
seven sons and six daughters, and a shield of Assheton
quartering Barton. There is no inscription, but the
details point to a date at the end of the I5th century.
Other brasses are those of Edmund Assheton, rector,
1522, Richard Assheton, 1618, and Ralph Assheton,
1650, the Parliamentary General (his monument
was removed from the Assheton Chapel in 1889),
his sister Alice and her three husbands.1*1

The east window of the Assheton Chapel contains
some fragments of 16th-century glass in the outer
lights, including a shield in the west light (i and 4
now blank, probably Assheton ; 2 and 3 Middleton
quartering Barton) ; and in the south light a fragment
with the heads of a bishop and a priest. The three
middle lights have each three shields of modern glass
with the arms of various families connected with
Middleton Church."5 There is a fragment of ancient
glass in the middle window of the south aisle, but the
most interesting glass in the church is that known as
the Flodden window on the south side of the chancel.
Up to 1 846—7 this glass was in a three-light window
in the north aisle, but was at that time removed to its
present position, suffering a good deal in the process.
* It contains the figures of some of the principal
persons of Middleton and neighbourhood who

accompanied Sir Richard Assheton to Flodden, and
represents first himself and his lady in scarlet, in long
garments, with an attendant squire in blue, his
chaplain also in blue kneeling before an altar, and
seventeen bowmen . . . also in blue with long hair,
and the name of each man originally placed over each
figure.' 13 In many parts the window is little better
than a patchwork of mutilated fragments. The figures
of the archers are fairly recognizable, but Sir Richard
and Lady Ann are so broken up and mixed with other
parts that it is difficult to trace them.14 Most of the
names can still be read,but some have become obliterated.
The following can be read : Henricus Taylyer,
Richard Kylw — , Hughe Chetham, James Gerrarde,
John Pylkyngton, Philipe Werburton, William

[Ste] le, John Scolefede, Wylliam , James Taylier,

Roger Blomeley, Crystofer Smythe, Henry Whitaker,
Robart Prestwyche, Richard Bexwicke. The archers
stretch across the upper portion of the two lights, and
Sir Richard and other figures are below. These no
doubt were originally in a third light, but of the
exact disposition of the parts there is unfortunately no
record.15 In 1786 Philip de la Motte visited the
church and made an engraving of part of the window,16
which has preserved the names of the archers and the
dedicatory inscription as it was in the latter half of
the 1 8th century. The inscription, which has since
been transposed, is given thus : ' Orate pro bono statu
Richard! Assheton et eorum qui hanc fenestra[m]
fieri fecerunt quoru[m] no[m]ina et imagines ut supra
ostenduntur anno dmi mcccccv.' "

There is an interesting description of this window
in a poem called Iter Lancastrense written by the Rev.
Richard James, of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, in
1636:—

Now go we to ye church of Middleton

To find out there summe glorye of our owne.

At chardge of those good men, whoe went out far

In suite of our brave Ashton to the warre.

There stands a painted windowe, where I weene

The showe of their departure may be scene :

The Lord and Ladye first in skarlett ; then

One neere attending of ye chiefest men ;

Their garments long, his short and bliew, behinde

The chaplaine of ye warfare you may finde

In robe of ye same colour, for to say

Before an altar praiers of ye daye

On bended knees ; him follow neighbours bould

Whoe doe bent bowes on their left shoulders hould,

Their girdle sheaft with arrowes ; as the squire

So are they all, court mantells in attire

Of blewe ; like Greeks in Trojan warre, their haire

In curies long dangling makes ye semblance faire

And sterne ; each hath his name, and people tell

That on ye same lands now their children dwell

As yet so called.18

In 1869, during the restoration, a stone coffin con-
taining human remains was found in the north side
of the nave in the third bay from the west.19 Part
of a stone altar slab was formerly preserved in the
church, but has now disappeared.10

12 The original panels may have become
defaced and been renewed at a later date
by someone ignorant of heraldry. See a
letter by Rev. E. F. Letts, quoted in
Dean's Historic al Middleton, 139, in which
the matter is discussed at length.

lij The brasses are drawn in J. L.
Thornely's Brasses of Lanes, and Ches.

lab These are all given in Dean's
Historical Middleton, 134-5.

18 Corser, note in Iter Lancastrense
(Chet. Soc. vii), 38.

14 Dean, Hist. Middleton, 99.

15 Full - size drawings of the principal
figures were made by James Shaw in
1844-5, at tne instance of John Pegge,
before the removal of the window from
the north aisle, and these are now in the
Assheton Chapel.

16 Motte's original copper-plate, after it
had been lost more than a century, was
recovered in 1903.

V The date is wrong if the window

I56

really represents the Flodden archers, but
it has been suggested that an x or xx has
been left out, and that the window was
glazed in 1515, or more likely in 1525,
during the rebuilding of the church.

18 The poem was first published in
1845 by the Chetham Society, vol. vii.
It is illustrated by coloured illustrations of
the window from Shaw's drawings.

19 Hist. Middleton, 131.
80 Ibid. 132.

BE

h

X

CJ

o

E-

s
U

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

In the Assheton Chapel are preserved a crested
helmet, sword, banner, and three spurs, popularly
associated with Sir Richard Assheton, the soldier of
Flodden. The crest (boar's head) and banner were
probably carried at the funeral of Sir Ralph Assheton
in 1765, and afterwards deposited here. The banner
was cleaned in 1895, and the arms of Assheton im-
paling Copley, together with the Ulster red hand,
were disclosed, proving it to be not earlier than 1739.
It is now inclosed between two sheets of glass."

There is a ring of eight bells. Six were cast by
Abraham Rudhall of Gloucester in 1714, and two
were added in 1891, by Mears & Stainbank."

The plate is all modern, and consists of two
chalices, a paten, and an almsdish of 1843, and a
paten of 1842. There is also a silver-plated flagon.
The ancient plate (seven pieces) was stolen from the
vestry in 1784.

The registers begin in I54I,*3 and the church-
wardens' accounts in 1647."

At the east end of the south aisle wall is a wooden
sundial with the date 1788 and motto 'Lose no time.'

The churchyard is principally on the north and
south sides of the building, with gates at the north-
west and south-west. It is paved with gravestones
laid flat. The modern graveyard or cemetery lies to
the south of the church, separated from it by a road.

The following is a list of the rectors : —

Instituted.
C. 1 1 80 . .
OC. I2O2 .

c. 1230 . .

— 1297 . .

21 July 1328
23 Dec. 1339

8 Oct. 1340
15 Oct. 1343

3 Dec. 1348
19 Feb. 1350-1

Name

PAdam83

? Thomas84 .

Peter35

John de Middleton 36 .
Thomas de Newbold sr
Richard de Downton K
Robert de Radcliffe 39 .
Richard de Beckingham
Richard de Blythe 4I .
Richard de Cudworth "

The patronage has always been an
4DVOWSON appurtenance of the manor of Mid-
dleton. The church is mentioned
early in the I3th century.25 In 1291 the value of the
rectory was given as £13 6t. 8^.,26 but fifty years
later the ninth of sheaves, wool, &c., was worth only
£4 8/. I od., for which Middleton answered." About
1534 the income was estimated at £37 cxr. 8</., to
which the tithes of grain contributed £20™ The
parsonage house and glebe were estimated as worth
^40 a year in 1650, when the tithes and prescrip-
tion rents amounted to £188 I2/. 4^.; besides this
Ralph Assheton, the squire and patron, had 300 acres
of demesne lands on which he had never paid tithes.19
Bishop Gastrell records that it was certified as worth
about £250 a year, early in the i8th century.30 The
value is now j£95o.31

The former rectory was in 1840 described as * a
large and ancient structure, supported in part by
buttresses ; at a comparatively recent period it was
surrounded by a moat with a drawbridge and a
wooden bridge-house ; part of the moat is per-
ceptible, and in some walls loopholes for the dis-
charge of arrows are visible. There was formerly
much stained glass in the room called the Hall, and
there is a very curious specimen of a carved oak
screen.' M

Patron

Cause of Vacancy

Roger de Middleton
Agnes de Barton .
Agnes de Middleton

Bishop of Lichfield

d. J. de Middleton
d. T. de Newbold
d. R. de Downton
res. R. de. Radcliffe
exc. R. de Beckingham

81 There was formerly a pair of spurs,
but after the repairs of 1868-9 onty one
was left. The churchwardens thereupon
acquired a new pair in place of the one
lost, which accounts for the three at pre-
sent shown ; Hist. Middleton, 141.

22 The first bell has the inscription —
' Peace and good neighbourhood, A.R.
1714' ; the eighth — ' There shall be upon
the bells Holiness to the Lord, 1891.'

23 Two volumes, including the entries
from 1541 to 1729, have been printed by
the Lancashire Parish Register Society.
Many years are missing.

24 The churchwardens' accounts have
been transcribed by Mr. Giles Shaw.

25 See the deeds quoted above. In 1246
it was reported that Peter Carite, having
killed Robert de Heap, fled to the church of
Middleton, and the sheriff's bailiffs took
205. from him 'that he might attain to
the king's peace ' ; Assize R. 404, m. 17 d.

26 Pope Nich. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 249.
V Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39.

28 Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226.
The glebe land brought in £5 14*. 8d. ;
tithes of lambs, &c., £5 ; and Easter
offerings, £6 6s. To the Archdeacon of
Chester i6s. %d. was paid for synodals and
procurations.

29 Commoniv. Ch. Surv. 23 ; other rents
amounted to ^4 51., of which 91. came
from Oldham parish.

A terrier of 1663 describes the rectory
house as having ten little bays, with barns,
&c., and 60 acres of land ; in the hall, as
heirlooms, were two tables, a livery cup-
board, two forms, and a ceiled bench.
The glebe land let to tenants amounted to
133^ acres, customary measure ; the boon
labours consisted of leading turves, shear-
ing in harvest, a hen, and a heriot at the
death of a tenant or tenant's widow ;
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 471 n.

80 Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 96.
There were five churchwardens, chosen by
the rector and patron and serving for
Middleton, Hopwood, Thornham, Pils-
worth, and Birtle. The other hamlets or
townships had chapels.

81 Manch. Dioc. Dir. Particulars of the
revenue from an advertisement of 1861
are given in Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i,
481.

82 E. Butterworth, Middleton, 29. The
stained glass was removed to the church.

83 Adam the clerk of Middleton attested
the charter concerning Ashworth printed
in Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 449. It is possible that he
was the rector.

84 'Thomas the Parson,' possibly of
Middleton, occurs in a fine of 1202 :
Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.)
i, 20. He may have been of I'restwich.

85 He attested grants by Roger de

Middleton and Alan his son to the monks
of Stanlaw ; also the above-cited release
by Robert son of Roger ; see Whalley
Coucber (Chet. Soc.), ii, 620-21.

86 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 8 ; the new
rector, a clerk, was son of the patron. He
died 2 June 1328.

In 1 302 John, rector of Middleton, at-
tested a Hopwood charter.

In 1306 he was charged with killing
Henry son of Alexander Collop, and
pleaded that as a clerk he could not plead
without his ordinary. The jury found that
he was 'in no wise guilty,' and he was
freed ; Assize R. 422, m. 3.

8? Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, foL 104 ; he was
a chaplain. The patron is called widow of
Sir John de Barton.

88 Ibid, ii, fol. 113^ ; a clerk.

89 Ibid, ii, fol. 114*5 he was son
of Robert de Radcliffe, and a clerk. He
is named in Cal. Close, 1346-9, p. 50.
The patron is described as widow of Roger
de Middleton.

40 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. n6A.

41 Ibid, ii, 1226; the new rector had
been vicar of Blyth in the diocese of
York. The priory of Blyth, which had
the patronage of the vicarage, was then in
the king's hands by reason of the war with
France.

42 Ibid, ii, fol. 128; the Bishop col-
lated, by lapse.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Instituted

3 June 1351

29 Aug. 1386
16 June I 390

3 APr- *395
14 Apr. 1402

— 1462 .

c. 1492 . .
? 1522 . . .

23 Feb. 1540-1
—1559 . .
13 Jan. 1584-5
10 Oct. 1614.

24 July 1618
10 Jan. 1633-4

— 1659 . .

Name

William de Langley 43 .
William de Preston 44 .
William de Ferriby45 .
Robert Collan 46 . .
Robert de Hopwood a
John Barton 4S . . .
Mr. Edmund Ashton 49
Mr. John Claydon 50. .
Robert Assheton 51 . .
John Assheton b* . .

Patron

Duke of Lancaster

Ralph de Barton .

Ralph de Barton .

Ralph de Barton .

The King . . .
Richard Barton

Edmund Hopwood

Cause of Vacancy
res. R. de Cudworth
d. W. de Langley
res. W. de Preston
d. William
d. R. Collan

[ Edward Assheton 53 . .

Abdie Assheton, B.D. 54 .
William Assheton " . .
? Thomas Johnson, M.A.56.

d. J. Barton

d. J. Claydon
res. R. Assheton

Will. Assheton . . . . d. J. Assheton

Robt. Holt, &c.
Ralph Assheton

d. E. Assheton
d. A. Assheton
d. W. Assheton

48 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. 128* ; a clerk.
Henry Duke of Lancaster presented for this
turn by reason of the forfeiture of John de
Ainsworth, possessor of the manor of
Middleton. In 1366 and again in 1371
William de Langley had leave of absence
for a year ; ibid, v, fol. 136, 24*. He is
supposed to have been a member of the
family of Langley (or Longley, as it was
usually spelt) in Middleton, and nearly re-
lated to the Langleys who acquired Age-
croft and Prestwich by marriage, acting as
trustee for a settlement in 1352; Final
Cone, ii, 132. He died 1 1 July 1386.

44 Lich. Epis. Reg. vi, fol. 5253 chaplain.
In June 1389 William de Preston, rector
of Middleton, was empowered to nominate
general attorneys during his absence be-
yond the limits of the Duchy of Lancas-
ter ; Towneley MS. CC, no. 342.

44 Lich. Epis. Reg. (note by Mr. Ear-
waker). He is no doubt the ' Sir William,
last rector,' who died at York 23 Mar.
1394-5,33 appears by the institution of
his successor.

To William de Ferriby, B. Can. L.,
Boniface IX granted in 1389 provision of
a canonry of Lincoln, &c., notwithstand-
ing that he held the parish church of
Whiston in the diocese of York ; Cal.
Papal Letters, iv, 345. Four years later
William Ferriby, priest, of the diocese of
York, obtained a dispensation to hold two
benefices with cure of souls ; ibid, iv, 465.

46 Lich. Epis. Reg. vi, fol. 59^ ; a priest.
He died at Easter, 1402.

Robert Collayn, chaplain, was a feoffee
of the manor of Middleton in 1370;
Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 1 30.

V Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 88 ; a clerk.
The king presented on account of the
minority of Richard son and heir of Ralph
Barton. Hopwood was still rector in
1443 and 1448; ibid, ix, fol. 126; Kuerden
fol. MS. 79 (C). According to Mr. Harland
he was a son of Geoffrey de Hopwood,
and occurs as rector down to 1457 :
Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 479.

48 Lich. Epis. Reg. xii, fol. 100 ; the
bishop on 20 Mar. 1461-2 directed the
Archdeacon of Chester to inquire as to
the patronage of Middleton, 'a certain
Richard Barton having presented Sir John
Barton, priest.' For the reason of the
inquiry see the account of the descent of
the manor.

John Barton, rector of Middleton, was
a feoffee of Thomas son and heir of
James Chetham of Nuthurst, about 1480 ;
Clowes D. He was rector in 1487 ; ibid,
no. 139.

49 In the Examinations touching Cockey
Moor (Chet. Soc. Misc. i), about 1514,
Oliver Isherwood, parish priest (or curate)

of Middleton for 37 years — fifteen under
John Barton, and twenty-two under Ed-
mund Ashton — describes how he and other
' good priests ' sat at Radcliffe Church to
hear the confessions of the people of Ains-
worth during Lent, and minister to them
the sacrament of the altar, the rector's
deputy at the same time receiving the
dues ; p. 10.

Edmund Ashton was probably a son of
Sir Ralph Ashton. He studied at Cam-
bridge ; Grace Bk. A (Luard Mem.), 119.
His brass in the chancel, formerly in the
rector's chapel, states that he died 20 Aug.
1522 ; Thornely's Brasses, 147 ; see also
Trans. Hist. Soc. (new ser.), vi, 259.

*° Rector in 1534; Valor Eccl. The
contemporary John Clayden, who was
fellow of Manchester, appears to have been
a different person ; Raines, Fellows of
Mancb. (Chet. Soc.), i, 39-41.

John Claydon or Clayden was also
master of Attleborough College in 1524
and 1534 ; L. and P. Hen. VIII, iv, 57 j
Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), iii, 318. Also
incumbent of ' Ratingdon,' diocese Lond.,
which was, in 1541, vacant by his death ;
L. and P. Hen. VIII, xvi, 331. His will
is in P.C.C., F. 23 Alenger.

81 Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii-xiv, fol. 38 ; a
chaplain. Sir John Byron and other feoffees
of Sir Richard Assheton of Middleton had
made a grant of the next presentation to
Edmund Hopwood and Gervase Strick-
land ; the latter having died, the former
alone presented. Robert Assheton was also
rector of Radcliffe from 1537. He is
said to have died in 1563 ; Baines, Lanes.
(ed. Croston), iii, 430.

62 Also rector of Radcliffe ; paid first-
fruits 29 Nov. 1559; Lanes, and Ches.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 11,409,
where art printed the payments of first-
fruits down to 1659. He was buried at
Middleton 9 Oct 1584.

"Church P. at Chester Dioc. Reg.
Edward Assheton paid first fruits 10 Nov.
1584. He was brother of the patron fui
that turn (William Assheton of Clegg in
Rochdale), but owing to some informality
was instituted a second time in 1614. In
1 60 1 the rector and curate did not wear
the surplice, and in 1605 the rector did
not always do so ; Visit. P. at Chester.
He was buried at Middleton 8 July 1618.
See the account of him by Canon Raines
in Cbet. Misc. (Chet. Soc.), v (i), 42-5 ; an
abstract of his will is given. An Edward
Ashton, B.A., of St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, was incorporated at Oxford in
1572 ; Foster's Alumni.

64 From this time the institutions have
been taken from the Institution Books,
P.R.O., as printed in Lanes, and Ches.

158

Antiq. Notes. The patrons for this turn
were Robert Holt, John Greenhalgh, and
Robert Hey wood.

Abdie Assheton (son of John, a preced-
ing rector) was baptized at Middleton
I Nov. 1563 and buried there 13 Nov.
1633. He was elected fellow of St.
John's College, Cambridge in 1589, and a
life of Dr. Whitaker, master of the col-
lege, has been attributed to him ; Baker,
Hist, of St. John's Coll. (ed. Mayor), i,
291, 1 86. There is a long account of
him by Canon Raines in the Langley
Autobiog. (Chet. Misc. vi), 14-16 ; see
also N. and Q. (5th ser.), xii, 436.

55 Paid firstfruits on the same day. He
was a brother of the patron.

In 1650 it was reported that he sup-
plied the cure 'very weakly,' giving 'no
satisfaction to his congregation ' ; he did
not expound chapter or psalm or catechize
the youth of the parish ; Commoniv. Cb.
Suri>. 23. He refused to take part in the
Bury Classis. According to Adam Martin-
dale (Autobiog. Chet. Soc. 59) he was 'an
honest, humble man, considering his high
birth, but accounted an exceeding mean
preacher.' He was buried at Middleton
24 Sept. 1659. His epitaph describes him
as ' eminent in learning, orthodox in judg-
ment, singular in piety, and admirable for
his patience, meekness, and all other
Christian virtues.' See the biography in
Shaw's Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), ii, 209-
1 1, where his will is printed in full.

His son William, baptized at Middle-
ton 17 June 1642, entered Brasenose Col-
lege in 1658, and became fellow in 1663 ;
M.A. 1665; D.D. 1674. He held various
ecclesiastical benefices, becoming rector of
Beckenham in 1677 ; he was also a pre-
bendary of York. He proposed an assurance
scheme for the maintenance of clergymen's
widows and others, and induced the Mer-
cers' Company to take it up, but it failed.
He was also the author of numerous pub-
lications, including Toleration Disapproved
and Condemned and Possibility of Appari-
tions, a result of De Foe's story of Mrs.
Veale's ghost. He died in 1711, and his
Life was written by the Rev. T. Watts.
See the account in Baines, Lanes, (ed.
1836), ii, 606-10 ; Diet. Nat. Biog.

56 Previously rector of Halsall. The
name is given from Baines, Lanes, (ed.
Croston), iii, 403 ; in the account of
the following rector it is stated that Robert
Simmonds was * elected by the people,' but
refused by the Classis on account of many
previous acts of insubordination ; and that
a Mr. Folgate was appointed, who before
the Classis posed as a rigid Presbyterian,
but in his parish as willing to adopt some
of the forbidden ceremonies.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

Name

Robert Simmonds57 ....
Richard Warburton, M.A. M . .
Henry Newcome, M.A. 59 . .
Samuel Sidebottom, M.A. m . .

Francis Pigot, M.A

Richard Assheton, D.D. 61 . .

Robert Walker

John Haughton, M.A. . . .

James Archer62

Charles John Way, M.A. 6J . .
Richard Durnford, M.A. 64 . .
Waldegrave Brewster, M.A. ** .
Thomas Ebenezer Cleworth, M.A.
Robert Catterall

Institution

8 Nov. 1662

15 June 1682

1 6 Sept. 1701
26 Mar. 1714

17 July 1752
26 July 1757

20 Jan. 1801

1 6 Mar. 1 8 1 8
30 Jan. 1829

21 July 1832

1 July 1835

9 Aug. 1870
16 Oct. 1888

2 July 1909

Before the Reformation the scattered parish was
served by the rector, chantry priests, and some six or
seven others.67 The church appears to have been
fairly well furnished, possessing an organ and ' regal.' M
The visitation list of 1548, however, contains only
five names beside the rector's, one of them being
that of Thomas Mawdesley, who apparently re-
mained there as schoolmaster, though decrepit,
till his death. Two of the others reappear in 1554,
with two more names; in 1562 there are still
six names, but Mawdesley's is the only one of
the old clergy ; three years later the rector, newly
appointed in 1559, was at Durham, his curate was
in charge, and Mawdesley's and one other name
appear.69 After this time it is probable that the
rector and one curate constituted the clerical staff,
service being maintained at Cockey or Ainsworth
Chapel, and perhaps at Ashworth also.70 Bishop

Patron

Sir Ra. Assheton
Sir Ra. Assheton
Sir Ra. Assheton
The Queen
Sir Ra. Assheton
Sir Ra. Assheton
Lord Suffield

The Crown
A. Butterworth

Cause of Vacancy

d. R. Simmonds
d. R. Warburton
d. H. Newcome
d. S. Sidebottom
d. F. Pigot
d. R. Assheton
d. R. Walker
d. J. Haughton
d. J. Archer
res. C. J. Way
prom. Bp. Durnford
d. W. Brewster
d. T. E. Cleworth

Bridgeman about 1630 built a domestic chapel at
Great Lever, which appears to have been used by the
neighbouring people for a time.71 The Common-
wealth surveyors of 1650 recommended a division of
the parish and the building of new churches at
Thornham and Pilsworth ; 7I but nothing seems to
have been done, and it was not till recent times that
any new districts were formed.

There was an endowed chantry in the church —
that of St. Mary and St. Cuthbert, founded in the north
or ' Rector's Chapel ' by Thomas Langley, Cardinal-
Bishop of Durham, for a priest to celebrate for the
souls of the kings of England, the bishop and his
family, and to keep a grammar school free for poor
children. At the confiscation the incumbent was
celebrating and teaching according to his foundation,
the endowment amounting to £6 clear.73 Another
chantry chapel — that of St. Chad and St. Margaret, on

67 'A most excellent and extraordinary
martyr ' for the system established before
the Civil War. He was buried at Middle-
ton 27 Mar. 1682.

58 Act Bks. at Chester. He was edu-
cated at Brasenose College, Oxford ; M.A.
1669. Was elected fellow of Manchester
Collegiate Church 2 May 1684 ; see
Raines, Fellows of Manch. (Chet. Soc.), i,
p. 193-5. I* 's stated that guardianship of
his children was granted in 1698, and yet
the fellowship and rectory were not filled
up after his death till 1701. He and his
curate were 'conformable' in 1689 ; Hist.
MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 229.

59 Eldest son of the respected Henry
Newcome, founder of the Nonconformist
congregation at Manchester. He was
educated at Manchester Grammar School
and St. Edmund Hall, Oxford ; M.A.
1673 ; rector of Tattenhall in Cheshire
1675 to 1701 ; published The Complete
Mother, 1695, and Transubstantiation Dis-
tussed, 1705 ; see Pal. Note Bk. iii, 91, 229.
He was buried at Middleton 22 May 1713.
His will is printed ibid, iv, 96.

60 The queen presented by reason of the
•vacancy of the see of Chester. Educated
at Brasenose College, Oxford ; B.A. 1713 ;
Foster, Alumni. Migrated to Cambridge,
St. John's Coll. ; M.A. 1718 ; Scott, Ad-
missions, St. John's C. iii, 15. He died
22 May 1752. The Sidebottoms had an
•estate in Oldham.

61 Educated at Brasenose College, Ox-
ford, of which he became fellow ; M.A.
1751 ; D.D. 1782. He was presented to
the rectory of RadclifFe in April 1757, but
resigned it on being appointed to Middle-
ton. In 1782 he was made warden of
Manchester, and Middleton was left to the
•care of a curate. He was 'censured by

the inhabitants of Middleton for permit-
ting the large old rectory-house and the
living generally to fall into a dilapidated
state, the gardens and grounds being
neglected, on the idle (and probably false)
supposition that he was the last of the
Asshetons who was likely ever to hold the
ancient family advowson, and that its
preservation was therefore unimportant ' ;
Raines, Wardens of Manch. (Chet. Soc.),
171-76. He died 6 June 1800, and was
buried at Downham.

62 He had been curate of the church
for fifty years.

63 Educated at Trinity College, Cam-
bridge ; M.A. 1822 ; afterwards vicar of
Boreham, near Chelmsford.

64 Educated at Eton and Magdalen Col-
lege, Oxford, of which he was successively
Demy and Fellow; M.A. 1829; D.D.
1870. He was appointed honorary canon
of Manchester, 1854; archdeacon, 1867;
residentiary canon, 1868 ; Bishop of Chi-
chester, 1870. There is a biography of
him (1899) by W. R. W. Stephens.

65 Educated at Trinity College, Oxford ;
M.A. 1842. Rector of Llandysilio near
Oswestry, previously to his appointment
to Middleton. He had been curate of
Hawarden for seventeen years, and is de-
scribed as ' a High Churchman of the
Wilberforce and Hook school ' ; see Old-
ham Notes and Gleanings, iii, 57-9.

68 Educated at St. John's College, Cam-
bridge ; M.A. 1886. Vicar of St. Tho-
mas's, Nottingham, 1884 to 1888. Hon.
Canon of Manchester. He died 5 April
1909; see biographical notice in Eagle,
xxx, 350.

87 Clergy List of 1541-2 (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 12. One of the assis-
tant clergy was the rector's curate, two

159

others were paid by Sir Richard Assheton,
and another by the widow of John Hoi-
croft ; three others are named, but their
means of support are not recorded.

68 Ch. Goods, 1552 (Chet Soc.), 12.

69 From the visitation lists at Chester.

70 Only the Chapel at Cockey is named
in a clergy list of about 1610 ; Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 12. In 1620 the
rector of Middleton and the curate of
Cockey paid to the clergy loan, and two
years later the rector, lecturer at Middle-
ton, and curate of Cockey again con-
tributed ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 54, 66 ; also p. 95.

71 Note in Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 99.

72 Commoniv. Ch. Sur-v. 24-25. I
78 Raines, Lanes. Chantries (Chet. Soc.),

i, 119-25. Thomas Langley is thought by •
Canon Raines to have belonged to the
Langleys of Middleton. He owed his
early promotion to John of Gaunt, Duke
of Lancaster. In the Church after minor
benefices he became Dean of York in 1402,
Bishop of Durham in 1406, and Cardinal
in 1411 ; in the State he rose to be Lord
Chancellor, 1405-7 and 1417-24. The
chantry at Middleton was founded in 1412,
in which year the cardinal visited the place
to consecrate the parish church, which had
been rebuilt at his expense. He died
20 Nov. 1437, and was buried at Durham.
An abstract of his will is given by Raines.
The licence to endow a chantry at the
altar of St. Thomes in honour of St. Mary
and St. Cuthbert for a chaplain to celebrate
daily for the soul of Thomas late Bishop
of Durham was granted in May 1440 ;
Cal. Pat. 1436-41, p. 399. In the
same year Nicholas Hulme and other
trustees granted to Thurstan Percival,
chaplain of this chantry, an annual rent

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

the south side of the chancel — had no endowment,
but is supposed to have been built by the lords of
the manor, who subsequently used it as their own.74

The grammar school appears to have been coeval
with the Langley chantry, 1412 ; it was continued
after the Reformation, and re-endowed by an old
pupil, Alexander Nowell, Dean of St. Paul's, in I 572."
The schoolhouse built after the re-endowment still
stands, and is of the usual type, with a schoolroom in
the middle in one story, lighted by large five-light
mullioned and transomed windows, and living-rooms
in two stories at either end. The roof is of low

pitch, and covered with stone slates without parapets
or copings, but on each gable-end is a small finial.
The walling is of stone rubble, with wrought stone
quoins and window dressings, and the windows are all
square-headed with chamfered mullions, and labels
formed by the weathered string-courses which run
round the building.

In addition to the school the
CHARITIES parish possesses several charities r6 ap-
plicable generally for the relief of
the poor and for apprenticing children." The town-
ship of Middleton has some benefactions for the

MIDDLETON : THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL

of 8 marks out of the manor of Cuerdley;
Raines D. (Chet. Lib.).

On 10 Mar. 1442-3 Henry Pendlebury,
priest, was admitted to the newly-founded
chantry of St. Mary and St. Cuthbert,
on the resignation of Thomas Pevall
(FThurstan Percival), last chaplain, and
took oath to observe the statutes ; Lich.
Epis. Reg. ix, fol. 126. A Thurstan
Percival was vicar of Leigh in 1474.

In 1496 Lawrence Smith was the chap-
lain of the chantry of Middleton; Towne-
ley MS. CC, no. 637. He gave evidence
about 1514, in the Cockey Moor Examina-
tions, being then seventy-four years of age
and having been chantry priest for thirty-
six years ; p. 12.

In 1535 and again in 1548 Thomas
Mawdesley was the cantarist. He con-
tinued to act as schoolmaster after the
suppression of the chantry, on a stipend
granted by the duchy, and appeared at
the visitations of 1563 and 1565, being,
however, decrepit. His will, made in
1554, is printed by Canon Raines; it
shows that the old man — he was then
sixty — had a great love for the church and
his own part in it, for he left his property,
among other things, ' to mend and uphold
the free school,' and willed specially that
the priest who should sing mass for his
soul, and the souls of his parents and
others, should ' uphold the free school at

Middleton according to the foundation' 5
he left money for the high altar and the
maintenance of the rood light.

The revenue, which in 1535 was re-
turned as £4 131. 4^. (Valor Eccl. [Rec.
Com.], v, 226), was derived from a rent
issuing from the Jervaulx Abbey lands at
Cuerdley, and another rent from Sedbergh.

?4 Raines, op. cit. 122.

"5 See the section on ' Schools ' ; End.
Charities Rep. for Middleton, 1901, pp. 8-
20 ; and Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xiii,
184-92, where there is a drawing of it.

78 An inquiry into the charities of Mid-
dleton was held on 3 and 4 April 1900,
and the report here summarized was
printed the following year, and includes
that of 1828. It referred only to the por-
tions of the parish not included within
the county boroughs of Bolton and Bury.
The portion within Bolton is Great Lever,
which does not appear to have had any
special endowment, but shares in the
Guest and Hopwood Charities, which apply
to the whole parish. The other townships
not dealt with — Pilsworth, Birtle-with-
Bamford, and Ashworth — likewise appear
to have no special charities, at least none
are recorded in the report of 1828.

7> John Guest in 1653 left a rent-
charge of ^3 151. a year each to a num-
ber of parishes, including Middleton, but
the estate proving insufficient an Act of

1 6O

Parliament was obtained providing for the
investment of ,£500. The capital sum
appears instead to have been divided
among the parishes concerned, and the
share allotted to Middleton and Radcliffe
together, augmented by other contribu-
tions, was invested in lands in Buerdsill
and Castleton, and the income divided
equally between the parishes. The Mid-
dleton moiety, which in 1828 was ^9,
was distributed in linen cloth, the several
townships sharing in proportion to their
contributions to the church rate. The
land, consisting of 1 1 acres in Castleton,
is now let at £14 a year, and the share of
Middleton is £6 141. net, distributed in
the old proportions. The part for the
township of Middleton (191. 6d.) is com-
bined with the receipts from other bene-
factions, and the total sum, £32 13*. 8^.,
distributed in clothing, flannel, &c. A
similar course is followed in other town-
ships.

John Stock in 1692 gave various rent-
charges of land, &c., in Northampton-
shire for a weekly distribution of bread at
Middleton Church, and for the appren-
ticing of poor boys or girls of his own kin,
or born within the hamlets of Middleton,
Pilsworth, Hopwood, and Thornham.
The net income in 1828 was £22 u.,
of which £15 I2s. was set apart for the
bread charity and the remainder paid in

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

poor,78 and in conjunction with Thornham shares in
the widows' gown charity.79 Thornham has an
educational fund,80 and Ainsworth a small sum for
the poor.81 Some benefactions have been lost.8*

MIDDLETON

Midelton, 1212 ; Middelton, 1292.

This township stretches for about 2 miles along
the north bank of the rich valley of the Irk, and has an
area of 1,930 acres.1 The highest point, nearly
5 oo ft., is on the northern border; from this the
higher ground stretches south-east towards the centre,
with a valley to the north, through which Langley
Brook flows west to the Roch, and another valley to
the east, through which Whit Brook and another
flow south from Hopwood to the Irk. The portion
of the township to the north-east of the latter brook
is called Boarshaw. Hebers and Langley occupy the
northern part of the township ; Bowler and Rhodes
the western ; Woodside is in the centre ; and Middle-
ton with its church, and formerly its hall, grew up in
the angle between the Irk and Whit Brook. On
the other side of the Irk is Tonge, now incorporated
with Middleton. The population in 1901 was
25,178.'

The principal road is the ' new road ' from Man-
chester to Rochdale, which crosses the Irk by a bridge,
and passes northward through the town to the west
of the church, and is there called Long Street. Out-
side the town a branch of it runs north-west and

north to Hey wood. Another road to Heywood runs
near the west and north-west border. The other
principal road is the Manchester road from the west
through Rhodes, keeping near the Irk, and joining
the Rochdale road to the south-west of the church.
It continues eastward, through the Market Place, and
then divides, going south and east into Tonge, and
north-east to Thornham. The Lancashire and York-
shire Company's railway from Manchester to Roch-
dale, and the canal between the same places, pass
through the extreme north-east part of the township.
There are light railways along the roads from Rhodes
to Tonge and Oldham, and from Middleton to Roch-
dale. The town is also connected with Manchester
and other places by electric tramways.

In 1840 the town was described as * situated in a
fertile vale, skirted by rising grounds, well cultivated
and rendered pleasant by groves of trees ; a narrow
steep ridge of sandy soil extends along the eastern
side of the place, and a large number of the buildings
have been erected on the summit and slope of this
hill ; a considerable number of cottages which may
be considered a part of the town are on the sides and
at the foot of the western and eastern banks of the
eminence." There was foimerly a medicinal well,
commemorated by the name Spaw.

The curfew bell is still rung at ten o'clock.4
The Boar's Head Inn, on the west side of the
Rochdale road, is a picturesque black and white timber
building on a stone base, with three gables to the
street filled with quatrefoil ornament. The timber
framing is plain, consisting of uprights and horizontal

apprentices' premiums, usually £z each.
The charity continues to be worked in the
same way ; one of the rent-charges has
been redeemed, and the net income is now
£23 121. id.

Catherine Hopwood in 1758 bequeathed
,£400 for the benefit of the poor, those of
Hopwood to have a moiety, and £100 for
the education of children in Hopwood.
To this capital was added £100 accumu-
lated from the gifts of various benefactors
between 1633 and 1726. The sum was
paid to Robert Gregge Hopwood, and in
1828 £30 interest was received ; of this
,£10 each was given to the churchwardens
of Hopwood and Middleton and distri-
buted in linen cloth, £5 was paid to the
schoolmaster at Hopwood, and £$ distri-
buted in linen cloth to persons in Middle-
ton, Thornham, Hopwood, Pilsworth, and
Birtle-with-Bamford. The capital has been
invested in consols, and now the income,
£17 os. 8</., is distributed among all the
townships of the ancient parish, but Hop-
wood receives £8 191. and Middleton
£6 gt. zd. The school at Hopwood
having been closed, the share of interest
intended for it is distributed with the
general fund for the poor in flannel and
blankets.

~8 William Moss in 1772 left ,£50 for
a distribution of linen cloth to the poor ;
and Elizabeth Buckley in 1807 left £50,
the interest of which was in 1828 distri-
buted among a number of poor persons.
Payment of the Moss Charity out of the
rates was disallowed in 1848, but on the
sale of an old workhouse the township dis-
charged its debt by a payment of £4$ it. 6d.
to the official trustees ; the income, about
£1 8*., is distributed by the overseers in
gifts of calico. The capital of the Buckley
charity has also been paid to the official
trustees, and the interest is added to the

other sums for the poor. The rector of
Middleton has always administered this
charity.

A gift by Dame Eleanor Assheton in
1791 is understood to have passed into the
hands of the Earl of Wilton, who, among
other gifts, used to send £10 a year to the
rector of Middleton. This system has
been continued; in 1898 £5 41. was
spent on Sunday dinners for poor persons,
and ,£4 161. on clothing.

<9 The origin of this charity is not cer-
tainly known, but about a century ago the
fund amounted to ,£400. From 1855
the dividends accumulated till in 1 86 8
the official trustees secured the capital
and accumulations, now represented by
£?33 '7J- &</. consols, the income being
£20 31. Sd. This is distributed in gowns
for necessitous and deserving widows, and
other articles of clothing, &c., the benefits
being extended to single women if there is
a surplus.

80 Robert Stott of Thornham in 1869
left ,£120 for the school attached to
Thornham Church ; the income is £3 5*.
Jane Bridge of Castleton in 1894 left
,£500 for the stipend of the minister offi-
ciating at Thornham, the services then
being held in the old school.

81 Samuel Baron in 1773 bequeathed
£200, half for the benefit of the Noncon-
formist chapel at Cockey, and half for
the poor, a distribution of woollen or linen
cloth being directed at the chapel after
service on Christmas Day. At present
,£4 51., half the income, derived from a
ground rent in Ancoats, is distributed at
Christmas among poor members of the
congregation.

83 Three benefactions, amounting to
£50, for the benefit of the poor of Hop-
wood, existed in 1828. The capital was
in the hands of Robert Gregge Hopwood,

161

and the interest was paid to the poor rate.
No payment has been made since Mr.
Hopwood's death in 1854.

Robert Hopwood, M.D., in 1762 be-
queathed a rent-charge of £2 1 arising out
of Hanging Chadder for the clothing of
seven poor men and seven poor women
belonging to Hopwood. This charity was
in active operation in 1828, but has since
been lost. Captain Gregge Hopwood, on
being applied to in 1 861, replied that the
gift was illegal under the Mortmain Acts ;
and this contention appears to be well
founded.

1 The acreage in the Census Report of
1901 — 4,775 acres, including 64 of in-
land water — is that of the enlarged area
of the borough-township.

Tonge was included with Middleton in
the first Improvement Act, 1861. Alk-
rington and parts of Hopwood and Thorn-
ham were added in 1879. The borough
of Middleton was incorporated in i886t
and now includes, in addition to the
above, parts of Great and Little Heaton.
In 1894 the whole borough was made
into a single civil parish, the separate
townships thus disappearing ; Loc. Govt.
Bd. Order 31625.

8 This also refers to the enlarged area.

8 E. Butterworth, Middleton, 6. To
this work also are due the notes on the
rise of the manufactures. Other details
have been derived from Mr. S. Parting-
ton's illustrated Handbook for the 1900
Jubilee of the Middleton and Tonge In-
dustrial Society, an offshoot of the Co-
operative movement. This volume con-
tains extracts from the overseers' accounts
of 1766 and later years (148, &c.) ;
also a valuation of 1789 (157).

4 Information of the late Mr. John
Dean, of Middleton, who kindly supplied
other details.

21

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

cross pieces, and the gables are without barge-boards ;
but the whole presents a very charming appearance,
the roofs retaining the old stone slates and the restora-
tion of the building having been effected in a manner
so as to preserve all the characteristic features of the
old work. At the north end is a later addition * in
brick with a good 1 8th-century window and door-
way. A stone in the cellar of the inn bears the date
1632. The building is the property of the Corpora-
tion.

The annual rush-bearing or wakes are held on the
last Saturday but one in August. A mock mayor was
formerly chosen on Easter Tuesday.'

The hearth tax return of 1666 shows that there
were here 113 hearths liable. The largest dwellings
were those of Lady Anne Assheton with eighteen
hearths ; Mr. Simmonds, fourteen ; Richard Hilton
the younger, ten ; Susan Wrigley, nine ; and Isaac
Walkden, six.7

In the latter part of the 1 7th century the cotton
manufacture began to take root in Middleton. For
a long time it was a cottage industry, and even in
1770 there were only about twenty habitations in the
village. The widow of the last Sir Ralph Assheton
is stated to have been resolutely opposed to the in-
troduction of the mill system, perhaps because of its
destructive effect on the amenities of the place. The
Suffields not residing, this objection ceased, but the
land tenure was unfavourable. Silk-weaving was in-
troduced about 1778, and has continued to be one

of the chief trades. By 1795 the 'more profitable
branches of muslin and nanken ' employed the
weavers. The first cotton mill was built about 1800.
In 1812 the Luddites attacked the mills.8 By 1833
all the branches of the cotton manufacture had been
established. In that year the great calico-printing
works were established at Rhodes. All these trades
continue to flourish ; there are also iron foundries,
machinery is made, and the manufacture of chemicals
and soap is carried on.

A botanical society was formed in 1842 and an
agricultural society in 1859. The Mechanics' In-
stitute was opened in 1 848.

The Middleton Albion, a weekly paper, was started
in 1857, and lasted till 1895. The present news-
paper, the Guardian, published on Fridays, was estab-
lished in 1873.

The people were formerly very Radical in their
politics, Chartism finding a ready welcome. Samuel
Bamford, born at Middleton in 1788, poet and
politician, was several times imprisoned on charges of
treason. He died in 1872 and has a monument in
the cemetery.9 Amos Ogden, who died in 1850,
was another prominent Radical.10

MIDDLETON, like Bury, in the I2th
MANOR century formed part of the Montbegon fee
of Tottington, held later by the Lacys
and the Earls and Dukes of Lancaster. With its de-
pendencies or hamlets — making up the whole parish
of Middleton — it was held of the lord of Tottington

THE BOAR'S HEAD INN : THE FRONT

5 Formerly the old Sessions House ;
now used as an assembly room ; Mancb.
Guard. 29 Oct. 1904.

6 Handbook, 131. See also N. and Q.
(4th ser.), vii, 119.

7 Subsidy R. bdle. 250, no. 9 Lanes.

l62

8 There were also riots ini82O andi843.

9 There is an account of him in Diet.
Nat. Biog. 10 Handbook, 143.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

by one knight's fee, with payments of ioj. a year for
castle-ward and 13*. \d. for sake fee.11

The tenants adopted the local surname. The
earliest on record is Roger de Middleton, son of
Alexander, who about 1 1 80 made a grant of Ash-
worth.11 In 1193, having shared in the rebellion of
John, Count of Mortain, he made peace with the
king by a fine of 5 marks.13 It was found in 1212
that he held the fee of one knight (in Middleton)
' of ancient tenure,' of Roger de Montbegon, and
also held a plough-land in Cheetham of the king.14
He died before 1226, when Avice his widow was of
the king's gift.15 His son Robert16 succeeded, but
was dead in 1242, when his heir held the knight's
fee in Middleton, part of the dower of the Countess
of Lincoln.17

This heir was his son Roger, who in 1243 had a
suit with Geoffrey de Middleton respecting the third

part of four plough-lands in Middleton.18 It was
perhaps a later Roger de Middleton who appears in
various ways as lord of the
manor in the last quarter of
the century,19 and whose son
Roger succeeded him.20

In 1313 Roger de Middle-
ton and Agnes his wife made
a settlement of the manor, the
remainders after the death of
Agnes being, in default of male
issue, to their daughters in suc-
cession— Maud, Ellen, Alice,
Margaret, Margery, and Joan.*1
Four years later a similar ar-
rangement was made with re-
spect to the third part of the manor and the advowson
of the church.21 Roger died in August 1322 ;" his

BARTON of Middle-
ton. Ermine on a Jesse
gules three annulets or.

11 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 59, 60.

Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, in right of
his wife Alice, held the manor of Middle-
ton before his forfeiture ; ibid, ii, 102.

In the sheriff's compotus of 1 348 ac-
count was rendered of 131. $d. of the rent
of Isabel the queen for the manor of
Middleton, of the inheritance of Alice,
Countess of Lincoln ; also of IQJ. for
ward of Lancaster Castle.

In 1 840 it was stated : ' Middleton is
held of the Castle of Clitheroe alone, and
the lord owes suit and service to the
principal court of the honour only ; but
in modern times courts have been estab-
lished in various parts of the honour for
the convenience of the holders in fee ; and
the court at which Middleton renders ser-
vice is held at Holcombe in Tottington ' ;
E. Butterworth, Middleton, 9.

12 The charter is printed in Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 448.

18 Farrer, Lanes. Fife R. 77. In
1201-2 he paid J mark to the tallage, and
2OJ. to the scutage in 1205-6 ; ibid. 151,
205. In 1202 he released to William de
Radcliffe his claim on the advowson of
Radcliffe ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 10. On the Middleton
family see Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc.
xvii, 32-47.

14 Inq. and Extents, i, 60, 66. Roger de
Middleton released to the monks of Stan-
law all his claim to Threpfield by Mar-
land, his son Alan concurring ; ffhalley
Coucher (Chet. Soc.), ii, 619, 620.

15 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 129. She
held nothing of the king.

16 Whalley Coucher, ii, 621. Roger de
Middleton and Robert his son also attested
a Byron charter ; Byron Chartul. (Towne-
ley MSS.), s.d. 22. Robert son of Roger de
Middleton made a grant to his aunt
Helewise ; his brothers William and Alan
were witnesses, and his seal — bearing a
fleur de lis ? — is appended ; see notes on
Middleton Church.

J7 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 153.
Robert was living in 1236 ; Final. Cone.

•> 74-

18 By fine at Lancaster (in or before
1241) Geoffrey de Middleton had obtained
the third part of four plough-lands with
their appurtenances in Middleton, of which
Robert de Middleton was then tenant.
At Easter 1243 Roger son and heir of
Robert made complaint respecting the
third part of four plough-lands in Middle-
ton — Pilsworth, Thornham, Ainsworth,
and Birtle ; for Geoffrey should have only

6 oxgangs in Pilsworth, i oxgang in
Ainsworth, and the moiety of the assart
in Pilsworth which used to belong to
Robert father of Roger, whereas he had
occupied about 10 oxgangs ; and further,
Geoffrey had thrown down the houses
which Roger had erected on his part of
those 10 oxgangs, and carried off all the
corn sown there. The 6 oxgangs in Pils-
worth were held by Avice widow of Roger
de Middleton (4), Aylward Brand (i),
and Robert son of Blethyn (i), and that
in Ainsworth by Adam Blundus. Geof-
frey on his part denied having occupied
more than 7 oxgangs or done the
damage alleged. The parties afterwards
came to an agreement ; Curia Regis R.
128, m. 4 ; 130, m. 12 ; also Assize R.4O4,
m. 3 d.

A Butterworth charter, but perhaps of
much later date, was attested by Roger de
Middleton and Geoffrey his brother ; By-
ron Chartul. Edw. I, 64.

19 There is nothing to show whether
three or only two Rogers held Middleton
in succession. If there were three the
connexion between the first and second is
unknown.

By an undated charter (about 1260) Sir
Geoffrey de Chetham granted to Roger
son of Robert de Middleton his claim to
the homage and service of Robert del
Holt ; Thomas de Prestwich and David
de Hulton were witnesses ; Dods. MSS.
cxlii, fol. 1296.

Roger de Middleton occurs in 1275
when Robert de Stakel claimed a tene-
ment in Middleton against him ; Dep,
Keeper's Rep. xliv, App. 185. He was
witness to a Lacy grant in 1277 ; Whal-
ley Coucher ii, 595; see also Final Cone, i,
218. Roger was defendant in claims made
in 1292 by the Radcliffes, who were non-
suited ; Assize R. 408, m. 30 d. 32 d. In
1297 he presented his son John to the
rectory of Middleton; Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol.
8. In the same year he attested a Farn-
worth charter ; Lever Chartul. (Add. MS.
32103), no. 69.

Roger de Middleton and Roger his sou
attested a Rochdale charter in 1296; Byron
Chartul. Edw. I, 15.

About this time a Robert son of Roger
de Middleton appears. He made a grant
to Sir Roger de Pilkington and Margery
his wife ; Lever Chartul. no. 32. In 1306
he gave all his lands in Middleton to
Roger de Middleton, 'his lord'; Dods.
MSS. cxlii, fol. I2()b. To a Hopwood
charter of 1302 among the witnesses were
John, rector of Middleton, Roger de

163

Middleton, and Robert de Middleton the
younger.

20 Roger de Middleton, the 'lord' of
Robert (see last note), was probably this
son), and the surrender made by Robert
may indicate approximately the time of
succession.

In 1302 Roger (or perhaps his father),
as holding a knight's fee in Middleton of
the Earl of Lincoln, contributed to the aid
for marrying the king's daughter ; Inq.
and Extents, i, 313. In 1311 it was
found that he held of the earl the manor
of Middleton by a knight's fee and suit
to the court of Clitheroe ; De Lacy Inq.
(Chet. Soc.), 19. In another extent of
about the same period he was stated to
hold four plough-lands and 2 oxgangs in
Middleton; Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees,
bdle. i, no. 1 1, fol. 27 d.

In 1306 as Roger son of Roger de
Middleton he appeared as defendant ;
Coram Rege R. 184, m. 24 d. He ob-
tained from Ellis de Ainsworth in 1310 a
messuage and land in Middleton ; Final
Cone, ii, 6. In 1317 he secured three
messuages and various lands from Richard
de Rumworth and Maud his wife ; ibid, ii,
22.

21 Ibid, ii, 17. This fine concerns two-
thirds of the manor ; the other third may
have been held as dower by his father's
widow, together with the advowson of the
church.

22 Ibid, ii, 24. The widow had prob-
ably died. The remainders are the same
as before. Roger and his wife in 13 19 had
an estate in Middleton settled upon them
by Henry de Orrell and Cecily his wife ;
the remainders were as before, except that
Joan was omitted ; ibid, ii, 30.

23 Inq. p.m. 1 6 Edw. II, no. 49. The
writ was issued on 1 8 Aug. He held of
the king in chief, inasmuch as the lord-
ship of Tottington, like all other of Earl
Thomas's lands, had been taken into the
king's hands. There was a capital mes-
suage ; 80 acres in demesne worth
531. 4^.; 10 acres of meadow, worth IOJ.,
but 'nothing this year because mowed
before Roger's death ' ; 10 acres of several
pasture worth zod. ; the moiety of 100
acres of wood, held in common with the
lady of Bury, 'whose herbage lies in the
common pasture for the tenants of Bury
and Middleton ' ; pannage of the same
moiety ; a water-mill worth 1 31. $d. a
year ; rents of free tenants 461. lod. ; rents
of other tenants 141. The clear value of
the manor was ^7 zs. 6d. The manor
was held by Roger jointly with his wife

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

widow Agnes was living in 1353, but probably died
shortly afterwards.84 The manor and advowson then
went to the representative of the second daughter,
Maud, who was first in the remainder. She mar-
ried Thomas de Barton of Fryton in Rydale, by
whom she had several sons ; 2i and secondly John de
Ainsworth,26 who continued after her death to hold
the manor by the courtesy of England, but was out-
lawed.*7 Maud's right passed to her son John de
Barton,13 after whom Thomas de Barton, perhaps as

trustee, was in possession,29 followed by William,
the son of John. William de Barton occurs between
1363 and I384.30 He married Isabel, daughter of
William de Radcliffe, and had a son Ralph, who died
in 1398 seised of the manor of Middleton with
its hamlets of Ashworth, Birtle, Ainsworth, Mea-
dowcroft, and Lynalx. The heir was his son Richard,
born at Middleton in 1386. The wardship was
granted to James de Radcliffe.31 Richard de Barton
had sons John " and Richard, and was living in

by the service of one knight's fee ; by
suit to the county court of Lancaster from
six weeks to six weeks, to the wapentakc
court of Salford from three weeks to three
weeks, and to the court of Tottington from
three weeks to three weeks ; also by a
payment of IQS. a year for castle-ward and
131. 4</. forsake fee. Roger's heirs were
his daughters — Ellen (aged twenty), Maud
(eighteen), Alice (sixteen), Margaret
(twelve), and Margery (nine).

There is nothing to show why Maud,
the second daughter, took precedence of
her sister Ellen in the succession. The
younger daughters, Margaret and Margery,
appear to have died without issue, as in
1350 Maud, Ellen, and Alice were de-
scribed as the co-heirs, and the last-named
seems to have resigned her right to her
sister Maud ; Assize R. 1444, m. 3 d.

34 She presented to the rectory in 1328
(as Agnes de Barton), 1339, 1340, and
1 343, as will be seen by the list of rectors.
She married (2) John de Barton, and (3)
John de Malton. From a Rivington dis-
pensation it appears that Agnes was a sister
of Adam de Hulton ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 2055.

John de Barton and Agnes his wife
were plaintiffs in 1324 in respect of a
messuage and land in Middleton ; De
Banco R. 252, m. 43d. In 1328 John
de Malton and Agnes his wife demised to
trustees the dower lands of Agnes, after
the death of John de Barton ; Dods. MSS.
cliii, fol. 82. In the following year
Richard de Whitlegh and Alice his wife,
Henry the Mouner of Thornton and Ellen
his wife, and Robert son of Robert de
Thornton did not prosecute their claim
for land in Middleton against John de
Malton and Agnes his wife, Thomas de
Barton, Maud his wife, and John, Roger,
Thomas, Adam, and William, their sons ;
Assize R. 427, m. 3 d. A settlement was
made in 1335 ; Final Cone, ii, 97.

Agnes, as widow of Roger de Middle-
ton, in 1336 released to her daughter
Maud her right to lands in Meadowcroft,
Lynalx, Birtle, Ainsworth, and Ashworth
in the vill of Middleton ; Dods. MSS.
cxlii, fol. 129. Her seal showed a lion
rampant. Agnes, the widow, complained
in 1 340 that Thomas de Newbold, rector
of Middleton, Geoffrey son of Ellen de
Middleton, and others had broken her
close at Middleton ; De Banco R. 321, m.
244; 326, m. 79. In 1347 she made
a claim against Roger de Harwood and
Ellen his wife, who was the eldest daugh-
ter of Roger ; and in the same year
Geoffrey Pusshe claimed half an oxgang of
land against Agnes ; Assize R. 1435, m.
51 d; De Banco R. 351, m. 223 d. Agnes
•was a defendant in 1353 ; Assize R. 435,
m. 22 d.

25 See the plea quoted in the last note.

Thomas de Barton and Maud his wife
were in 1331 defendants in a plea respect-
ing a messuage and lands in Middleton ;
De Banco R, 287, m. 480 d.

The Bartons are usually described as
'of Rydale,' and probably did not reside
at Middleton till the end of the I4th
century.

26 Maud wife of John de Ainsworth in
1342 complained that her trees at Middle-
ton had been cut down and carried off;
De Banco R. 332, m. 30 d. Roger de
Harwood and Ellen his wife in 1344 and
later claimed a messuage, 80 acres of land,
&c., in Middleton, against John de Ains-
worth and Maud his wife. It was alleged
that Joan, daughter of Roger son of Roger
de Middleton, had died without issue, and
that the estate claimed should then have
passed to Ellen ; De Banco R. 340, m.
430 ; 345, m. 33od. ; 349, m. 279 d.

a? He was outlawed for the death of
Adam son of Ellis de Knowles, and the
manor taken into the duke's hands, as
appears by an inquiry held in 1366. After
a year and a day it should be given to
William son of John de Barton of Rydale,
and others ; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 130* ;
L.T.R. Memo. R. 131, 132 ; Chan. Inq.
p.m. 43 Edw. Ill, pt. i, no. 72. Though
the date of the inquiry was 1366 it will be
seen from the list of rectors that the Duke
of Lancaster presented to the rectory in
1351, by reason of the forfeiture of John
de Ainsworth. John was still living, and
the duke in possession, in 1382, but must
have died soon after this, as Ralph de
Barton presented to the rectory in 1386 ;
Cal. Pat. 1381-5, p. 132; and list of
rectors. John de Ainsworth's son John
was outlawed for debt in 1373 ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 27, 37.

23 John de Barton of Rydale in 1350
claimed thirty messuages, 200 acres of
land, &c., in Middleton, held by John de
Ainsworth, Maud his wife, and John their
son. It appeared that the elder John
received two-thirds of the estate claimed
with Maud his wife, and the other third
by grant of her sister Alice, with life re-
mainder to Robert son of Thomas de
Barton ; Assize R. 1444, m. 3 d.

Grants by Alice daughter of Roger de
Middleton to John son of Robert de Ains-
worth and Maud his wife in 1347-8 are
preserved in Towneley MS. GG. no. 1710,
1927.

In 1351 John de Barton charged Adam
de Meadowcroft and others with driving
his cattle away ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. i, m. 5, 6. He made a similar com-
plaint in 1352 ; ibid. R. 2, m. lod. He
was defendant for a debt as late as 1356,
but 'did not appear ;' ibid. R. 5, m. 7, 25.

He is called 'John de Rydale' in the
aid 1 346-5 5, when he held the knight's fee
in Middleton formerly held by the heirs of
Robert de Middleton ; Feud. Aids, iii, 87.

29 Thomas was no doubt the younger
brother of John, mentioned above in 1329.
He appears as defendant in a plea respect-
ing lands in Middleton from Dec. 1355,
the claimant being John son of Adam de
Wardley ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 4,
m. 25 d. ; 5, m. 10 ; 6, m. 4 ; 7, m. 5.

164

80 As in the above-cited inquisition on
the outlawry of John de Ainsworth, Wil-
liam son of John de Barton was defendant
in 1363 and plaintiff in 1367, in suits
respecting tenements in Middleton ; De
Banco R. 415, m. 142 d. ; 426, m.
285 d. In 1370 Thomas de Barton of
Rydale released to William de Barton and
Isabel daughter of William de Radcliffe
all his right in the manor of Middleton ;
the armorial seal shows ermine, on a fess
three annulets; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 1 30^.
About the same time the feoffees settled
on William and Isabel the manor of
Middleton with the advowson of the
church, and lands in Ainsworth, Meadow-
croft, Thornham, Hanging Chadder, Birtle
and Ashworth, after the death of John
de Ainsworth ; ibid. fol. 130.

In 1379 William de Barton of Fryton
was to cross the seas in the forces of John
of Gaunt; Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i,
115. In 1381-2 he granted to Richard
Browne of Nasserton land in Middleton
and the advowson of the church there ;
Close, 5 Ric. II, m. 28 d. By fine in
Aug. 1382 he granted the manor to Wil-
liam de Atherton for life, with reversion
to himself and his heirs ; Final Cone, iii,
14.

The writ of Diem cL extr. after his
death was issued 12 Dec. 1384; Def.
Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 357.

Isabel survived her husband, for in 1391
Ralph son of William de Barton of Ry-
dale granted a rent of £10 to his mother
Isabel daughter of William de Radcliffe,
to be taken annually out of his manor of
Middleton ; Raines D. (Chet. Lib.).

81 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 86,
93. Nothing is said as to the tenure of
the manor, but its ' hamlets ' are named
as Ashworth, Birtle, Ainsworth, Meadow-
croft, and Lynalx. See also Dep. Keeper's
Rep. xl, App. 528.

A settlement of the manor of Middle-
ton was made in 1390, the remainder
being to Richard the son of Ralph ; Dods.
MSS. cxlii, fol. 131. The feoffees granted
Ralph leave to present to the rectory ;
ibid.; and in fact he presented in 1386,
1390, and 1395, as appears by the list of
rectors. Ralph probably married a daugh-
ter of William Fairfax ; Dods. MSS. cliii,
fol. 94. In 1389-90 he enfeoffed John
Fairfax, rector of Prescot, Thomas Gerard,
and Thomas Fairfax, of the manor of
Middleton, for his life; Close R. 13 Ric. II,
pt. i, m. 20 d.

82 Richard de Barton proved his age in
1408 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 8.
He in 1418 enfeoffed John del Booth and
others of the tenements occupied by Wil-
liam del Holt, William del Lumhalgh.es
(Lomax), and Christopher Kay, to hold
for his mother Isabel for her life and then
to that one of his sons who should marry
a daughter of Sir John Byron ; Dods. MSS.
Iviii, fol. 1 66. The seal showed the
Barton arms as before. It appears that
John his son and heir was to marry

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

1457." The elder son died before his father, leaving
a daughter and heir Margery, who was in 1439 con-
tracted to marry Ralph Ashton, a younger son of Sir
John Ashton of Ashton-under-Lyne.34

The descent of the manor is somewhat uncertain.15
By a number of agreements made in 1457 a great
part of the estate was settled upon heirs of ' Richard
Barton, of Middleton, the elder, esquire,'36 the
grandfather of Margery. Richard's widow Alice had
lands granted to her as dower early in 1466." By
1480 the greater part of the Middleton estate was
held by Sir Ralph Ashton and Margery his wife ; but
Alice Barton widow of Richard, Margery Barton
widow of John, and Richard and Ralph Barton, held
various messuages and lands 'of the inheritance of
Margery.' 38 Three years later it was recorded that
Sir Ralph Ashton held the manor of Middleton in
right of his wife, by one knight's fee, rendering yearly
1 3-r. \d. and for ward of Lancaster Castle IO/.M

Sir Ralph Ashton, brought up at court and made
a knight before 1464 and a banneret by Richard

Duke of Gloucester at Hutton
field in Scotland, 1 48 2,40 held
various public offices 41 and was
by Richard III appointed Vice-
Constable of England.42 In
his native place he acquired an
evil reputation, the custom of
* riding the Black Lad' at Ash-
ton commemorating (according
to the general opinion) the
popular detestation of his con-
duct.43 Early in 1484 he made
a lease to Richard his son for

twenty years of the manor of Middleton,44 and prob-
ably died shortly afterwards.44 In 1487 Richard
Ashton, his son and heir, obtained a general pardon
from Henry VII.46 He was made a knight in 1497,"
and held the manor of Middleton by the service of
a knight's fee, until his death, 28 April 1507 ; the
clear value at that time was estimated at £109 6s. 8</.48
Richard Ashton, his son and heir, then about

ASHTON of Middleton.
Urgent on a molet sable
an annulet or.

Margaret daughter of Sir John Byron, or,
should she die, then Ellen, another daugh-
ter; Dods. MSS.lviii,fol. i66i; Harl.MS.
2112, fol. 113^/150^. In 1421 John del
Booth, the elder, and other feoffees demised
to John son of Richard de Barton of Mid-
dleton and Margaret his wife certain tene-
ments in Ainsworth ; Dods. MSS. Iviii, fol.
1646.

83 In 1425 Robert de Pilkington and
William his brother released to Richard
<le Barton of Middleton all their right in
his lands; ibid, cxlii, fol. 131. Richard
had sworn on the gospels that he
•would give to Richard son of Robert de
Pilkington seisin for life of lands called
the Rhodes in Middleton ; ibid. fol. 131^.
There are several deeds relating to this
grant in Towneley MS. GG, no. 1692,
1778-9, 1837-8, 1844-5.

In 1431 he was found to hold a knight's
fee in Middleton ; Feud. Aids, iii, 96.
He was in 1444 exempted from serving on
juries, &c. ; Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 538.

84 Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 132, 133 ; the
agreement was made between Richard
Barton and Sir Thomas Ashton, brother
of Ralph. Richard was to settle £100 a
year out of his lands on Margery in fee.
She is described as 'cousin and heir ap-
parent ' of Richard, and was under four-
teen years of age. Alice the wife of
Richard is mentioned ; ibid. fol. 133.

85 See an essay by Mr. John Dean in
Lanes, and Chet. Antiq. Soc. xvi, 102-33.
There may have been two Richards in
*uccession, which would explain the un-
certainty as to the patronage of the church
in 1462, when a Richard Barton pre-
sented. This uncertainty, however, may
have been due to a claim put forward for
the Crown. In an extent of 1445-6 it
is recorded that ' Richard Barton holds
the manor of Middleton by the service of
one knight's fee ; the relief therefor being
iooj. He was in ward' ; Duchy of Lane.
Knights' Fees, bdle. 2, no. 20. The tenant
at this time at first sight appears to have
been Richard the son of Richard, and a
minor, but the final clause no doubt refers
to the minority of the elder Richard.
There is on record, moreover, a descrip-
tion of the monument of Richard de Bar-
ton and Alice his wife. The inscription
has been incorrectly read, stating that
Richard died in 1451 ; Trans. Hist. Soc.
{new ser.), vi, 258. His widow Alice
was still alive in 1480.

86 These agreements, between Ralph
Ashton and Margery his wife on the one
side and Richard Barton the elder on the
other, make provision for Richard Barton
the younger, Thomas, William, and Ralph,
four sons of Richard Barton the elder, giv-
ing each a life interest in certain messuages
and lands in Middleton, with remainder to
* the right heirs of the said Richard Barton
the elder'; Final Cone, iii, 119-20.
' Richard Barton the elder ' must be the
grandfather of Margery, the fines securing
the reversion of the lands to her as the
'right heir," and the fine of 1480, quoted
later, helps to show that this is the true
meaning.

*' Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 133 ; an in-
denture reciting that Sir Ralph Ashton
and Margery his wife had assigned to
Alice widow of Richard Barton certain
rents in Lancashire for her dower in
Fryton and other rents for her dower in
Middleton.

About the same time Sir Ralph and
Margery, as heir of Richard Barton, were
claiming the custody of the manor of
Great Lever ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Pro-
ton. 6 Edw. IV.

88 Final Cone, iii, 138. Sir Ralph Ash-
ton and Margery held twenty-seven mes-
suages, 1,000 acres of lands, &c. in
Middleton ; while Alice Barton held eight
messuages, 300 acres of land, &c. ; Mar-
garet Barton eleven messuages, 200 acres
of land, &c. ; Richard Barton two mes-
suages, 100 acres of land, &c.; and Ralph
Barton six messuages, 40 acres of land,
&c. all of the inheritance of Margery and
reverting to her.

89 Feodary of 1483 ; Duchy of Lane.
Misc. Vols. 1 30.

40 Metcalfe, Bk. of Knights, 6.

41 See the account in Diet. Nat. Biog.
and the numerous references to him in
the Calendars of the Patent Rolls of
Edward IV and Richard III. Reserva-
tions of grants to him were made in
several acts of resumption ; Rolls of Parl.
v, 528, 608 ; vi, 97, 234. He seems to
have been concerned with Yorkshire
principally. His celebrity makes it the
more remarkable that the date and cir-
cumstances of his death are unknown.

A Ralph Ashton of Middleton, perhaps
a son, was pardoned in 1479 ; Towneley
MS. RR, no. 1442.

42 The patent is printed in Whitaker,
Wballey, ii, 151. It gave, in particular,

l65

authority to examine and proceed against
persons suspected of high treason.

About the same time Richard III is
said to have made a grant to Sir Ralph of
the manor of Middleton ; Aikin, Mancb.
242.

In 1480 Sir Ralph Ashton of Fryton
and Margery his wife granted land in
Birtle and Middleton, &c. to his son
Richard and Isabel his wife, daughter of
JohnTalbotof Salebury ; Kuerden fol. MS.
39, no. 648 ; also 38, no. 635 ; Towne-
ley, MS. HH, no. 2061.

48 See the account of Ashton-under-
Lyne.

44 Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 132*5 it in-
cluded the reversion of all the lands in
Middleton after the death of Dame Mar-
garet Harcourt, widow, Richard Barton,
and Ralph Barton, which sometime were
the lands of Richard Barton, father of the
said Richard. Dame Margaret Harcourt
was the widow of John Barton, who
married Sir William Atherton (Kuerden
III, A 13, n. 32), and then Sir Robert
Harcourt, K.G.; their monument remains
in Stanton Harcourt Church ; Collins,
Peerage (ed. 1779), v, 267.

45 In a plea of 1509 is cited an inquisi-
tion of 20 Hen. VII made after the death
of Sir Ralph Ashton of Middleton, in
which he is stated to have died on to April,
Richard hit son and heir being twenty-
four years of age ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
no, m. 8. The year of his death is not
mentioned, but from the age of his son as
given it must have been about 1485, as
the son was a father in 1482. Sir Ralph
was living in 1485, as appears by the
Calendar of Patent Rolls of that year.

46 Dtp. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 541.

47 In Scotland, by Lord Strange ; Met-
calfe, Knights, 31.

48 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, 24 ;
there is recited a feoffment of two mes-
suages, 200 acres of land, &c. parcel of
the manor, to his son Richard and Anne
his wife.

His brass, showing the figures of him-
self, his wife Isabel, and their family of
seven sons and six daughters, is given in
Mr. Dean's paper above mentioned, and
in Thornely's Lanes. Brasses, 73. It may
be identified by the description in Trans.
Hist. Soc. vi, 258-9. There is another
brass commemorating his daughter Alice
and her three husbands ; Thornely, op. cit.
203.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

twenty-five years of age, succeeded. At the battle of
Flodden he captured Sir John Forman, serjeant-
porter to James IV, and Alexander Barrett, high
sheriff of Aberdeen, with two others, whom he de-
livered to the English commander, the Earl of Surrey,
afterwards created Duke of Norfolk.49 From the king
in 1523 he received a perpetual grant of a leet or view
of frankpledge in the vill of Middleton, with courts,
fines, and amercements belonging ; also the park and
free warren in his demesne lands in the manor, with
all liberties.50 He was also made a knight.51 Sir
Richard died 1 1 January 1548-9, and was buried at
Middleton.51 His son and heir Richard was thirty-
eight years of age, but did not long enjoy possession,
dying on 4 August 1 5 50." His son, another Richard,
who was fourteen years of age/4 had also but a brief
tenure, as he died on 17 July 1563, holding the
manor of Middleton by the ancient service of a

knight's fee and 23^. \d. rent, and also the manor of
Radcliffe, a recent acquisition. Richard his son and
heir was only five years old.55

Richard Assheton twice served as sheriff of Lan-
cashire,56 and was knighted at the coronation of
James I.57 He died in 1 6 1 y,58 and his son and heir
Richard followed him within twelve months, leaving
as heir his son Ralph, then twelve years of age.59 He
paid £2$ in 1632 on refusing knighthood.60 In
1640 he was returned as one of the knights of the
shire.61 In the Civil War he took a leading part on
the Parliamentary side.62 He was appointed a deputy
lieutenant of the county in 1642, in opposition to-
the Crown nominees, and sequestrator in 1643. As
colonel of the levies he was constantly in active ser-
vice ; commanded at the siege of Bolton in 1643,
relieved the town of Lancaster and defeated Lord
Derby at Whalley, but was himself defeated at Mid-

« Visit. 0/1533 (Chet. Soc.), 59; he
wished to know how his achievement
could be commemorated in his arms. His
wife was Anne daughter of Sir Thomas
Strickland, and she had borne him seven
sons and a daughter.

In June 1521 an agreement was made
by Sir Thomas Gerard and Richard Ashton
by which Richard son and heir of the
latter was to marry Anne daughter of
Sir Thomas ; Anne wife of Richard Ash-
ton the father, and Thomas and Edmund
his brothers, are named ; Dods. MSS.
Iviii, fol. 166, no. 34.

Sir Richard Ashton partly rebuilt the
church ; see Iter Lancastrentc (Chet. Soc.),

3. 34-

50 Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks. 22, p. 63.

51 He was not described as a knight at
the visitation in 1533, but in 1541 as
Sir Richard he contributed to the subsidy ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 143.

53 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, 28 ; he
held the manor of Middleton, twenty
messuages, &c. there, and the advowson of
the church, by the service of a knight's
fee and a rent of 231. $d, a year. The
inquisition gives details of provision for
Lady Anne Bellingham, widow of Sir
Robert Bellingham, whom he married as
his second wife (19 Oct. 1541) and who
was living at Middleton in 1549; also
(1541) for Katherine wife of his son and
heir Richard, also living at Middleton ;
also for Ralph, Leonard, John, and
Thomas, younger sons, living respectively
at Atherton, Chelsea, Cambridge, and
Newstead, Notts. Robert, another son, was
rector of Middleton, John succeeding him.

Sir Richard was buried at Middleton on
14 Jan. 1548-9. In the older printed
pedigrees there seems to be some confusion
at this point.

Special licence of entry was given to
the heir in 1 549 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xxx ix, App. 550.

48 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 23.
The provision made for the younger sons
is set forth as in the last inquisition ;
John Ashton was still at Cambridge.
Mary the daughter of Sir Richard had
married Sir John Southworth. By Richard
Ashton and Katherine his wife various
messuages in Middleton, including the
manor or site of the manor, were granted
to trustees as a marriage settlement on
Richard the son and heir, and Elizabeth
daughter of Sir William Davenport.

For the marriage see Earwaker, East
Ches. i, 437, 451. The marriage was
arranged in 1551, and Elizabeth accord-

ingly became seised of Middleton Hall,
the Little Park (2 acres), and lands in
Middleton called Brereleighs, the Bottoms,
and the Hills. After Richard Ashton's
death she appears to have married one
Bradburn, and being convicted of felony
and murder, her lands came into the
queen's possession. Elizabeth died at
Middleton 17 Feb. 1606-7, the convic-
tion having never been rescinded ; Lanes,
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),

', 75-

54 Special licence of entry was granted
to the heir on 24 June 1558 ; Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 550.

64 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 3 ; in
addition to Middleton and Radcliffe he
held land in Bamford of the Earl of Derby.
The inquisition states that Katherine
widow of his father Richard, who after-
wards married Sir William Radcliffe, was
then living at Ordsall. A few days before
his death Richard Ashton granted to trus-
tees the manor and church of Radcliffe
and Middleton Park for the use of John,
a younger son.

In April 1564 the queen granted Gil-
bert Gerard custody of the body and
marriage of the heir, with an annual rent
of £13 6s. 8</. out of the manor of Mid-
dleton ; Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks. xxiii,
262 d. ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App.
550. Warrant for livery of his lands
was granted to the heir in Nov. 1579;
ibid. The minority probably accounts for
the unsatisfactory character of the pedigree
recorded in 1567 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 64.

46 In 1597-8 and 1606-7 i P.R.O.Lw/',
73. About this time the spelling of the
surname became fixed in its present form.

A settlement of the estates was made
in 1582 by Richard Assheton and Mary his
wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 44,
m. 73.

4' Metcalle, Knights, 145. About the
same time a settlement of the manors of
Middleton and Radcliffe, &c., was made
by Sir Richard Assheton and Mary his
wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 65,
no. 42. A brief pedigree was recorded in
1613 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 7.

58 'Dec. 27, St. John's Day [1617] I
with my Coz. Assheton to Middleton. Sir
Ric. had left his speech, and did not know
a man. . . . He departed very calmly
about eight at night. No extraordinary
sorrow, because his death was so apparent
in his sickness. Presently upon his death
there was inquiring after his will, which
was showed by Mr. John Greenhalgh of
Brandlesome and Sir Richard's second son

1 66

Ralph Assheton, who with my lady were
executors, and Coz. Assheton of Whalley
supervisor. My now Coz. Assheton of
Middleton, Richard, began to demand the
keys of the gates and of the study for the
evidence, and to call for the plate, upon
cause his brother John had some part
in them. There were some likeness of
present falling out of him and the execu-
tors, which certainly had been, had not
my Coz. Assheton of Whalley so [managed]
as was little or no discord. The reason
was former unkindness between Sir Ric.
and his son, to which Sir Ric. was moved
by my lady and those that were of her
faction ' ; N. Astheton's Diary (Chet. Soc.),
70-2. Sir Richard was buried at Middleton
on 28 Dec. 'My lady' was Sir Richard's
second wife, Mary, daughter of Robert
Holt, of Ashworth.

49 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 104-7. The inquisition states
that his father, Sir Richard Assheton,
had in 1599 assigned an annual rent of
£20 as provision for his son John, who in
1619 was still living at Middleton ; he
made a settle nent on Mary his wife in
1604, who also was living in 1619 ; in
1614 he provided for his youngest son
Ralph. On Sir Richard's death, 27 Dec.
1617, his son and heir Richard succeeded.
He made various grants of annuities, in-
cluding one of £13 6s. %d. to his younger
brother John, who gave him £100. The
manor of Middleton and various messuages
and lands in Middleton, Pilsworth, Thorn-
ham, Ainsworth, Birtle, Siddal, and Tonge
were held of the king as of his Duchy of
Lancaster by knight's service and 231. 4^.
rent, and were worth 100 marks clear per
annum. Mary his wife survived him, and
was the executrix.

There is in the church a brass of
Richard Assheton, his wife, and their six
sons and two daughters, with an inscrip-
tion stating that he died 7 Nov. 1618 in
the forty-first year of his age. He was
buried on 19 Nov. His widow, a 'right
worthy and truly religious matron,' was
also buried at Midaleton, 27 Feb. 1644-5.

60 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 223.

In 1628 and 1636 he made settlements
of the manor of Middleton ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 114, no. 5 ; 129, no. 18.

61 Pink and Beaven, Part. Repre. of Lanes.
71 ; he was 'excluded or disabled by or-
dinance of the House in 1648.'

62 In 1642 it was understood he was
to bring £250 to the aid of the Parlia-
ment ; N. and Q. (Ser. i), xii, 360.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

cUewich in Cheshire. Soon afterwards he took part
in the siege of Lathom, and fought at Preston and
Appleby with greater success.63 He died 17 February
1650-1, and was buried at Middleton, where there
is a memorial brass commemorating him and his wife
Elizabeth, daughter of John Kay.64

The eldest son, Richard, having died in infancy,
by witchcraft as it was supposed,65 the new lord of
Middleton was Ralph Assheton, the second son. Like
others of his father's party he welcomed the restora-
tion of the monarchy and was created a baronet in
I66O.66 He died five years later,67 and was succeeded
by his son Ralph, the second baronet, who enjoyed
the estates for fifty years, dying in 1 7 1 6.M He had
succeeded to the Whalley Abbey estate in 1697, in
right of his mother. He represented Liverpool in
Parliament in 1676, and was knight of the shire, as a
Whig, from 1694 to idgS.69 Having no son he was
succeeded in the baronetcy and at Middleton by his
nephew Ralph, son of his brother Richard. This Sir
Ralph70 died in 1765, leaving two daughters as co-
heirs, and the baronetcy became extinct.71 Mary, the
elder daughter, married Harbord Harbord, afterwards
Lord Suffield, and had Middleton Manor with her
moiety of the estate ; Eleanor, the younger daughter,
married Sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards Lord Grey
de Wilton, and received the manor of Radcliffe."

The manor and estates re-
mained in the Harbord family
for the greater part of a cen-
tury.73 They were about 1 848
sold by Lord Suffield to Peto
and Betts, great railway con-
tractors,74 and on their bank-
ruptcy in 1861 were disposed
of to various persons.75 William
Wagstaffe acquired the lord-
ship of the manor and the
advowson, with a considerable
share of the land, and about
1880 Mr. Alfred Butterworth
of Werneth purchased them.76

Middleton Hall was situated a little to the south
of the church, and was pulled down in 1845, a cotton
factory being built on the site. An account of the
house written immediately before its demolition
describes it as an ancient structure erected at different
periods, the oldest part being of timber and plaster,
with later additions in stone. A south front, which
was of brick, was added at the beginning of the I gth
century by the first Lord Suffield. The house con-
tained some good panelling and plaster ceilings, and
a large stone chimneypiece with the date 1587."
The original timber house is said to have been built

HARBORD, Lord Suf-
field. Quarterly azure
and gules a king's crown
or bet-ween four lions ram-
pant argent.

68 The following references are from
Ormerod's Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.) :
p. 2 — Deputy-Lieutenant, 1642 ; p. 16 —
prevented the King's Commissioners from
seizing the powder in Manchester, June
1642; pp. 51, 333 — sent 150 of his
Middleton tenants in complete arms to de-
fend Manchester, where they behaved very
steadily, Sept. 1642 ; p. 62 — was allowed
a ' small brass piece ' for the defence of
his house, Nov. 1642 ; p. 81 — Colonel in
command of the 500 troops who guarded
Eolton against the attacks of Lord Derby's
troops, Feb. 1642—3 ; p. 87 — relieved Lan-
caster, Mar. 1643 ; p. 90 — appointed on
the committee for 'sequestering notorious
delinquents' estates,' I Apr. 1643 ; pp.
95-8 — defeated Lord Derby at Whalley,
Apr. 1643 ; p. 98 — the ' brave and victori-
ous Colonel Assheton' drove the Royalists
out of Wigan, 22 Apr. 1643 ; pp. 104-6
— captured Liverpool, Hornby, and Thur-
land, May and June 1643 ; p. 153 —
surprised and overpowered by Lord Byron
near Middlewich, Dec. 1643; p. 154 —
took part a few days later in the relief of
Nantwich, being particularly praised by
Fairfax; pp. 162-85 — took part in the
first siege of Lathom, Feb. to May 1644 ;
p. 252 — commanded the Lancashire forces
against the Duke of Hamilton, June 1648 ;
p. 261 — he and his men highly praised by
Cromwell for their gallantry in the fight
at Preston, Aug. 1648 ; p. 274 — relieved
Cockermouth and took Appleby, Oct.
1648 ; p. 277 — his disbanded troops mu-
tinied at Clitheroe, Mar. 1649. Colonel
Assheton is frequently mentioned in the
Lanes. War (Chet. Soc.) ; in particular are
described his activity and success in clear-
ing the county of Lord Derby and his
men in the spring of 1643 (pp. 37-40).
Some of his letters, dated 1645, are
printed in Whitaker's Wballey, ii, 153,
154; one sentence is not complimentary
to the other leading Parliamentarians of
the county: — 'If Stanley, Booth, Hoi-
croft, Egerton, and such like must be
applauded and chiefly observed, I will not
only stay here but send for my son to come
to me, for I scorn that he shall receive

orders from them.' The same conscious-
ness of his own importance is manifest
on the spirited brass in the church.

64 Thornely, Brasses, 291.

65 Whitaker, W 'bailey, ii, 152; one
Utley was for it executed at Lancaster
Assizes. Richard son of Ralph Assheton,
esq., was buried at Middleton 27 Mar.
1630. John another son is said to have
retired to France after the execution of
Charles I, and to have died there.

66 G.E.C. Complete Baronetage, iii, 113.
He married Anne daughter of Sir Ralph
Assheton of Whalley, and recorded a pedi-
gree in 1664 ; Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.),
14.

A settlement of the family manors was
made in 1650 by Ralph Assheton and
Elizabeth Assheton, widow ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 148, m. 119.

67 He was buried at Middleton 2 May
1665. His funeral is described in Lanes,
and Ches. Hist, and Gen. Notes, iii, 67.

68 He died 4 May and was buried
10 May 1716 at Middleton, where there
is a monument. Two daughters and co-
heirs were married at Middleton within
twelve months — Katherine on 27 Nov.
to Thomas Lister of Arnold Biggin,
Yorkshire ; and Mary on 19 Feb.
to Nathaniel Curzon of Kedleston. A
grandson of the former daughter, Thomas
Lister, was created Lord Ribblesdale in
1797 ; the elder son of the latter daughter,
Nathaniel, was created Lord Scarsdale in
1761, and the younger, Assheton, was
created Viscount Curzon in 1802. The
other daughter and co-heir Anne married
Humphrey Trafford ; from her are de-
scended the Vavasours of Spaldington.

69 Pink and Beaven, op. cit, 191, 80.

70 Settlements of the manor were made
by Sir Ralph Assheton in 1721 and again
in 1739; PaL of Lane. Plea R. 512,
m. 3 ; 548, m. 4.

71 There is a monument to him in the
church, erected by his daughters ; also to
his widow Eleanor, 'who closed a most
exemplary life of piety and charity ' on
25 Mar. 1793.

72 By fine in Mar. 1776 a settlement

I67

was made by Harbord Harbord and Mary
his wife of a moiety of the manors of
Middleton and Radcliffe (or Radcliffe
Tower), and a moiety of 220 messuages,
three water-mills, a fulling-mill, gardens,
lands, rents, and views of frankpledge in
Middleton, Pilsworth, Thornham, Ains-
worth, Great Lever, Little Lever, Birtle
with Hopwood, Prestwich, &c., also of the
advowsons of Middleton and Radcliffe ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 375,
m. 153. In 1779 the duchy received a
rent of £i us. \od. for Middleton from
Harbord Harbord ; Duchy of Lane.
Rentals, bdle. 14, no. 25 m.

The other moiety of the estate was in
1771 settled by Sir Thomas Egerton and
Eleanor his wife ; ibid. bdle. 385, m. 246.

78 The land tax returns of 1787 show
that Lord Suffield owned practically all
the land, except Langley ; returns at
Preston. For the pedigree see G.E.C.
Complete Peerage, vii, 299. Sir Harbord
Harbord (formerly Morden), 2nd baronet
of Gunton, Norfolk, was created Lord
Suffield in 1786 and died in 1810. His
son William Assheton Harbord succeeded,
but died in 1821 without issue, when a
younger brother, Edward Harbord,followed.
' His lordship frequently visited Middle-
ton, and occasionally manifested a kind
regard to the indigent of the place ' ;
E. Butterworth, Middleton, 18. He died
in 1835 from injuries sustained by falling
from his horse on Constitution Hill. His
son Edward Vernon Harbord succeeded,
and being without issue sold the Lanca-
shire manors and estates.

There was a recovery of the manor ia
1814, Lord Suffield and Edward Harbord
being vouchees ; Pal. of Lane. Assize R.
7, Lent 54 Geo. Ill, rot. 12.

74 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 469.
Some half-dozen Middleton deeds in the
possession of Sir S. Morton Peto, bart.,
were transcribed by Canon Raines in
1855 ; see hisMSS. (Chet Lib.), xxxi, 57.

75 Baines, ut sup.

76 Ibid. (ed. Croston), ii, 410.

77 Rev. T. Corser's notes to James's
Iter Lancastrense (Chet. Soc. vii), 31.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

round two spacious courts, and was approached by
bridges over a moat. The great entrance was de-
scribed about the year 1770 as ' resembling a ship
turned upside down,' from which it appears that
it had rested on crucks.78

In 1840 and later the manor courts continued to
be held annually for the appointment of constables
for the several townships in the manor and parish.79

L4NGLE7~, on the north-west of Middleton, gave
its name to a family which occurs from time to time
till the 1 5th century.80 Cardinal Langley and the
Langleys of Agecroft, lords of Prestwich and Pendle-
bury, are supposed to have belonged to it. At Lang-

ley the local family was succeeded by a branch of the
Radcliffes ; 81 by sale and descent it passed to the
Wrigleys 6I and Ferrabees. In 1 846 it was purchased
by James Collinge of Oldham.83 The hall was pulled
down in i886.84

It appears from the inquisitions that many of the
neighbouring families held land in Middleton, but
the position of the holdings is not given.85 ' Hebers,'
an estate of 26 acres, &c., then lately inclosed from,
the waste, was in 1611 held of the king by knight's
service by Edmund Hopwood of Hopwood.85*
Boarshaw was the home of a yeoman family named
Jones ; one of them, Thomas Jones, was Protestant

78 Rev. F. R. Raines's notes to Nicholas
Assbeton's Journal (Chet. Soc. xiv), 70. A
sculptured chimney-piece from the hall is
now in possession of the Middleton Cor-
poration, and some of the panelling is at
Turton Tower.

79 E. Butterworth, loc. cit.

80 William de Langley (' Longeley ')
attested a Hopwood charter in 1302.
William son of William de Langley was
in 1313 called upon by Roger de Middle-
ton to defend his title to certain lands ;
De Banco R. 199, m. 124. The same
name occurs in the Subsidy Roll of 1332,
and as witness to another Hopwood charter
in 1347. In 1388-9 Thomas son of
William de Langley sold lands in Hop-
wood to Geoffrey de Hopwood ; Hopwood
D. In 1466 Thomas Langley of Essex
sold the estate to James RadclifFe of Lang-
ley ; Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 99.

The homage and service of Robert son
of Ellis del Holt and heirs for tenements
held of Sir Geoffrey de Chetham in land
called Langley was transferred to Roger
de Middleton about 1270 ; Dods. MSS.
cxlii, fol. i29/\

81 James RadclifFe of Langley in 1492
granted to feoffees his ' manor of Langley,'
and all his lands in Middleton and Man-
chester, for the use of Owen (Ewan) Rad-
clifFe, his bastard son, and heirs male ; in
default, for Margaret RadclifFe, his bastard
daughter, for life, and then for Richard
RadclifFe of RadclifFe and his heirs. In
1496 accordingly the feoffees gave the
estate to Owen Radcliffe, with remainder
to Margaret then wife of William Urms-
ton ; Towneley MS. CC. no. 637.

About 1524 Isabel, Agnes, and Eliza-
beth Radcliffe, daughters of Roger Rad-
cliffe, the brother of Richard above named,
claimed ' Langley's Thing in Middleton '
in virtue of the above feoffment, Owen
and Margaret being dead ; Duchy Plead.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 250.
Their contention was that Owen had only
a life interest, but the above-cited deed
shows that that was erroneous. He seems
to have left male issue. A settlement of
an estate in Middleton, Manchester, &c.,
was made in 1535 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. u, m. 71. This seems to have
been transferred by Owen to Richard
Radcliffe in 1547 ; ibid. bdle. 13, m. 227.
Vane (Evan or Owen) Radcliffe was buried
at Middleton, 15 Mar. 1547-8. Richard
Radcliffe of Langley married Elizabeth
daughter of James Gerard of Ince ; Visit.
of 1567 (Chet. Soc.), 8 1. He died 2 May
X577» holding a capital messuage in
Middleton called the hall of Langley, and
messuages, &c., in Middleton and Siddal
of the lord of Middleton in socage, by a
rent of 2od. for all services. He also held
messuages and lands in Bolton and Spot-
land. In 1564 the estate in Marland,
Castleton, and Spotland had been settled

upon him and his son and heir Owen,
who at his father's death was about thirty-
six years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xii, no. 19. Another settlement was
made in 1575 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 37, m. 10.

Owen Radcliffe made a settlement of
his estates in Middleton and elsewhere in
1591 ; they comprised fifty messuages,
three dovecotes, three water-mills, 2,000
acres of land, &c. ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 53, m. 38. He died 30 Sept.
1599, leaving a daughter as heir, Mary,
the wife of Gabriel Tedder (Tudor),
eighteen years of age ; but his brother
Edmund succeeded to the Langley estate ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, 14. Owen
and Edmund Radcliffe were engaged in
various suits between 1586 and 1600;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 176, 245,
247, 425. Further details of the family
and its property are given in the inquisi-
tion after the death of Edmund Radcliffe
in 1604, when Henry, his son and heir,
over twenty-two years of age, succeeded ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 20-2.

Henry Radcliffe died 15 Dec. 1630,
holding the manor of Marland in Rochdale
and Langley and other lands in Middleton ;
the latter were held of Ralph Assheton,
lord of Middleton, in socage by a rent of
2s. yearly. Richard, the son and heir, was
twenty-seven years of age, and Henry's
wife Elizabeth survived him ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, 25. The widow
and son joined in the sale of Marland in
1630; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxiv,
312.

It appears from the Middleton registers
that Elizabeth Radcliffe, the widow, was
buried 9 Feb. 1632-3, and that Richard
Radcliffe had a number of children ; but
the Langley estate was sold in 1631 by
Gabriel Tudor and Mary his wife to Henry
Wrigley of Manchester ; Raines, loc. cit.
The date given may be erroneous, for in
Mr. Earwaker's notice of Henry Wrigley
in the Mancb. Ct. Leet Rec. iv, 1 86, it is
stated that he purchased Chamber Hall in
Oldham in 1646 and Langley Hall subse-
quently.

The Radcliffes of Royton are said to
be descendants of the Radcliffes of Lang-
ley ; there is an unsatisfactory pedigree in
the Raines MSS. xiii, 230.

82 Several Henry Wrigleys in succession
appear to have lived at Langley at the end
of the I7th and beginning of the i8th
centuries. Henry son of Henry Wrigley
of Langley entered Brasenose College,
Oxford, in 1675, aged nineteen, and was
afterwards of Gray's Inn ; Foster, Alumni.
Henry Wrigley of Langley was buried at
Middleton, 21 Mar. 1709-10.

Henry Wrigley son of Henry Wrigley,
deceased, entered St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, in 1715 ; M.A. 1722 ; B.D. 1729.

168

He was fellow (and tutor) 1722-45, being
presented by the college to the rectory of
Cockfield in Suffolk in 1743. He died in
1766 ; Scott, Admission! St. John's C. ii,.
2 1 8, Ixxxviii.

88 On the Rev. Henry Wrigley's death
Langley became the estate of his sister
Mary, by whose will (dated 1779) it
passed to her nephew Henry Ferrabee, son
of her sister Elizabeth and Michael Ferra-
bee, rector of Rolleston. They had been
married in 1740 ; she was living in 1751,
but died before her brother. Henry
Ferrabee had several sons ; one of them,
Michael, was in possession in 1804, but
died before 1807, leaving an infant son
•who died unmarried in 1823. The estate
then became divisible among a number of
co-heirs. For the deeds see Raines MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), xxiii, 505-9. It was sold in
1846 for £30,000 to James Collinge, of
Oldham ; Raines in Notitia, ut supra.
The owner in 1886 was Robert Ascroft,
sometime M.P. for Oldham ; he died in
1899.

84 Oldham Notes and Gleanings, iii, 214.
A plaster shield with the arms of a branch
of the Radcliffe family was preserved
and presented to the Technical School,
Middleton ; Dean, Historical Middleton^

37-

85 Thomas de Chetham, who died in
1 3 83, held land in Middleton 'of the heir*
of Geoffrey de Chadderton ' in socage by a
rent of \d. yearly ; Towneley MS. DD,
no. 1463. In 1615 the land was held of
Richard Assheton of Middleton in socage ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 17.

Robert Langley of Agecroft held land in
Middleton, as part of his Oldham estate, of
the king (Henry VIII) ; and Robert Hey-
wood of Bury held of Langley, by a rent
of 6d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, 7 ;
vii, 29. In Elizabeth's reign, Adam
Crompton of Farnworth held of the lord
of Manchester, and Richard Smethurst
held of the lord of Bury, while Christopher
Tonge of Tonge held of Richard Assheton
of Middleton ; ibid, xvi, 1 8 ; xvii, 74 ;
xviii, 14.

Francis Pulteney, by his will of 1546,
left his Lancashire lands — in Royton,
Butterworth, and Middleton — to Michael
Pulteney, his son and heir ; Ct. of Wards
and Liveries, Box 146 H, no. i.

Richard Bury died at Middleton in
1614, holding lands there of Sir Richard
Assheton, deceased, in socage, by i$\d.
rent. His heir was his grandson Richard
Bury, son of Thomas, and then twenty-
five years of age ; ibid, ii, 249. See also
the account of Birtle.

For a dispute as to a fulling-mill in
Middleton in 1601 see Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), iii, 437.

85a Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 206.

SALFORD HUNDRED

Archbishop of Dublin from 1605 to 1619, and
ancestor of the Viscounts Ranelagh.86

Early in the reign of Henry VIII disputes broke
out respecting the boundaries of the manors of Middle-
ton and Bury, which were much intermingled, and a
commission was issued to determine them.87

Formerly the government of the
BOROUGH place was in the hands of the con-
stables chosen at the manor court held
in May. An Improvement Act for Middleton and
Tonge was passed in 1 86 1 ;88 these townships had
long been treated as forming one town, though in
different parishes. In 1886 a charter of incorporation
was granted,89 and the town is governed by a council
composed of a mayor, six aldermen, and eighteen
councillors, six for each of the wards — North, South,
and West — into which the borough has been divided.
The corporation own the gasworks, which were es-
tablished in 1847 and transferred to the town in
1 86 1.90 Water is supplied by the Heywood and
Middleton Water Board.91 The town has a com-
mission of the peace ; the police station, with court
room, was built in 1873. The corporation have
established a free library,93 built in 1888, a small
park, public baths, and a fire brigade. A cemetery was
formed in 1861.

Lord Suffield in 1791 procured a charter for hold-
ing a weekly market on Friday and three annual
fairs ; he also erected a market-house and shambles,
taken down in 1851. The charter was for a long
time practically useless ; in 1 840 there was no market
held on Friday, and the business done on Saturday
was trivial. At that time also the fairs were scarcely
observed ; the times fixed were the first Thursdays
after 10 March and 15 April, and the second Thurs-
day after 29 September.93 A monthly fair was es-
tablished in 1862.

To minister to the largely increased population many
places of worship have in recent times been erected.
In connexion with the Church of England Holy
Trinity, Parkfield, was consecrated in 1862 ; the
rector of Middleton is the patron.94

The Wesleyans ' originally met for devotion in a
chapel at Back of the Brow, where they continued till
about 1788, when they removed to a chapel at the
bottom of Barrowfields.'95 This was followed in 1 805
by a chapel in Wood Street, represented by the pre-
sent one in Long Street, built in 1901. There is
another chapel at Rhodes. The Primitive Methodists
appeared in 1821 at Middleton, and at Rhodes in
1835; they have also a chapel at Bowlee. The New
Connexion held meetings in 1 804, and though they
erected a chapel at Barrowfields, became extinct in a

MIDDLETON

few years. The Wesleyan Association held meetings
in 1837, but failed ; subsequently work was resumed,
and as the United Free Church the body has chapels
in the town and at Hebers.

The Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion used
the abandoned New Connexion chapel in 1815, but
in 1824 built St. Stephen's in High Street.

The Congregationalists held meetings as early as
1818, and used the New Connexion chapel for some
years, with varying success, and at last in 1836 built
Providence Chapel ; this was replaced by the present
building in 1860. A division in the congregation
occurred in 1866, and Salem Chapel, built in 1855
by secessionists from the Countess of Huntingdon's
Connexion, was acquired and continues in use.96

The Baptists have a chapel, dating from 1862.

The Swedenborgians first met in a cottage in 1801,
and in 1832 opened the New Jerusalem Temple in
Wood Street ; they have another at Rhodes, begun in
1861.

The Unitarians in 1825 unsuccessfully tried to
form a congregation. Their present church originated
in services in the Temperance Hall in 1860.

St. Peter's Roman Catholic school-chapel was built
in 1867. There is a house of the Sisters of the Holy
Cross and Passion.97

PILSWORTH

Pylesworth, 1243 ; Pilliswrthe, c. 1270.

The township of Pilsworth has an extreme length
of more than 3 miles ; the area is 1,482} acres.
The surface is undulating, being highest in the centre
and on the eastern side, over 400 ft. above sea-level,
and lowest along the Roch and the Hollins Brook,
which form the boundary on the west and south.
There is no village or considerable hamlet in the
greater part of the township, but in the north-east
is Broadfield, which is becoming a suburb of Heywood.
The population in 1901 was not returned separately.

The principal roads meet at Three Lane Ends near
the centre. From this point one road goes north-
east to Broadfield and Heywood ; another, north-west
to Heap Bridge and Bury, with a branch turning west
and south to Hollins in Unsworth ; the third, south-
east to Birch and Middleton. The Lancashire and
Yorkshire Railway Company's line from Bury to
Rochdale crosses the north-east corner and has a station
called Broadfield, opened in 1869.

The soil is sandy, with subsoil of clay ; wheat and
potatoes are grown, and there is pasture. There are
bleach works and a cotton-mill.

86 Piccope, Wilh (Chet. Soc.), ii, 225 ;
Thomas Jones was 'kept to learning in
Cambridge ' at the charge of Richard
Jones, rector of Bury. He was conse-
crated Bishop of Meath in 1584, translated
to Dublin in 1605, being made Lord
Chancellor of Ireland, and died in 1619.
His son, Sir Roger, was created Viscount
Ranelagh in 1628.

87 Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 239.

88 24 & 25 Viet. cap. 10 ; amended
by 41 & 42 Viet. cap. 162, 42 & 43
Viet. cap. 86, &c. ; by these Middleton
and Tonge were amalgamated and (in
1879) Alkrington and parts of Hopwood
and Thornham were added. Particulars

of the Acts are given in the Corporation's
Year Bk. which the town clerk, Mr. F.
Entwisle, has supplied to the editors.

89 Dated 21 July 1886. Parts of the
townships of Great and Little Heaton
were added in 1891.

90 Under the Act of 1847 a joint-stock
company owned the gasworks ; a new
company was formed under an Act in 1851;
9 & 10 Viet. cap. 8 ; 17 & 18 Viet. cap. i.

91 The water-supply was formerly in the
hands of a private company, owning the
Heywood waterworks, then of the Hey-
wood Corporation, and since 1898 by the
Heywood and Middleton Water Board,
consisting of six members from each
borough ; 6 1 & 62 Viet. cap. 240.

169

92 An account of the opening, with a
view, is contained in Oldham Notes -and
Gleanings, iii, 192. There are also reading-
rooms at the Co-operative Hall in Long
Street, Bowlee, and Rhodes.

98 These details are from E. Butter-
worth's Middleton (ed. 1840), and the
Middleton and Tonge Industrial Society's
Jubilee Handbook (1900).

94 A district was assigned to it in 1863 ;
Land. Gas;. 24 Mar.

95 This and other information as to the
Nonconformists' chapels is taken from
E. Butterworth, op. cit. 31.

96 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v,

275-9-

*• Kelly, Engl. Cath. Missions, 277.

22

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

There were thirty-eight hearths liable to the hearth
tax in 1 666 ; the largest dwelling was that of Dorothy
Lomax with five.98

By a re-arrangement of boundaries made in 1894,
Pilsworth has ceased to exist as a separate township,
being divided among Heywood, Bury, and Unsworth.69

In 1770 a festival called a 'guild' was held at
Pilsworth ; a procession and a musical performance
were the chief features of the programme.100

There does not appear ever to have
M4NOR been a manor of Pilsworth.101 The chief
residences were those called Meadowcroft
Fold,101 long the habitation of a Wolstenholme family,
and Lomax's, so-called from the family dwelling
there,103 ancestors of the Grimshaw Lomaxes of Great
Harwood. There are but few references to it among
the ancient deeds available.104

The Commonwealth surveyors in 1650 recom-
mended that a church should be built at the End of
Streethough in Pilsworth, but nothing was done.105

HOPWOOD

Hoppewode, 1292; Eppewode, Oppewode, 1302 ;
Hopwode, 1332.

The township of Hopwood, about 2 miles square,
has an area of 2,126 acres. The surface is compara-
tively level ; the highest point, about 460 ft., is near
Siddal Moor, on the western border, from which the
ground falls away to the south. Near the eastern
border, a brook runs south to join the Irk at Middle-
ton, passing through a little wooded valley, in which
Hopwood Hall and its park are situated. Birch lies

in the south-east corner. On the north the town of
Heywood has spread into Hopwood, a considerable
suburb having grown up. Gooden is situated here.
The population in 1901 was not given separately.

The principal roads are those from Middleton and
from Rhodes through Birch to Heywood, meeting in
the suburb mentioned. The Middleton and Roch-
dale road passes near and along the eastern border,
and has a light railway. Close to it proceed the
canal from Manchester to Rochdale and the Lanca-
shire and Yorkshire Company's railway between the
same points. Both canal and railway have branches
to Heywood crossing the northern end of the town-
ship ; there is a station at Heywood.

A stone axe-head was found here.

The soil is sand, with subsoil of clay ; wheat, oats,
and potatoes are grown, and much land is in pasture.
There was formerly moss land. There are numerous
cotton-mills. A colliery was worked formerly. A
large railway-wagon works, an iron foundry, and a
brewery are carried on.

There were seventy-three hearths liable to the tax in
1 666. The only large houses were those of the squire,
viz., the Hall, with fourteen hearths, and Stanicliffe,
with six.1

A local board was formed in 1863 ;3 but part of
the township was included in Heywood four years
later.* The remainder was in 1894 divided between
Middleton and Rochdale, so that there is no longer a
township of Hopwood.4

As in the case of other hamlets in the

M4NOR parish, HOPtfOOD was held of the lord

of Middleton by a family adopting the local

surname. Little is known of it,4 though pedigrees

98 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

99 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 31671. Uns-
•worth has the greater part ; Broadfield has
been added to Heywood.

100 E. Butterworth, Middleton, 52.

101 It is usually named among the hamlets
or appurtenances of the manor of Middle-
ton in inquisitions and settlements of the
Assheton family ; e.g. Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 105. By
the partition of the Assheton estates it has
descended to the Earl of Wilton. The
land tax return of 1789 states that Lord
Grey de Wilton was the 'landlord of all
Pilsworth.'

103 For some notice of the Meadowcroft
family see the account of Smethurst in
Birtle.

108 One James Lomax, born about 1556
and educated at Cambridge, was reconciled
to the Roman Church and went over seas
to Douay. Returning as a missionary
priest in 1583 he was arrested on landing,
and died in prison a year later ; Gillow,
Bibl. Diet, of Engl. Cat A. iv, 321.

James Lomax in 1573 purchased land in
Middleton from Lawrence Bury, Agnes his
•wife, Richard the son and heir, and Agnes
his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 35,
m. 115. A James Lomax of Pilsworth
died in 1623, leaving his son Richard as
-his heir ; but the lands named in the
inquisition were in Todmorden ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii,
441. Richard Lomax of Pilsworth (1759),
by his marriage with Rebecca, heiress of
John Heywood, acquired the Grimshaws*
estate of Clayton Hall in Whalley ;
Abram's Blackburn, 540.

104 Robert de Hulton about 1260 gave
his land in Pilsworth to William de Rad-

cliffe, son of Peter de Pilsworth, for a
yearly rent of two pairs of white gloves ;
and William granted the same to Ellis
Moscrop to hold by the same service, due
at St. Leonard's feast; Add. MS. 32106,
no. 1339, 1271. In the second deed
Pilsworth is called a vill, and its liberties,
easements, &c. are mentioned ; Dods MSS.
cxlii, fol. 74.

Ellis Moscrop and Cecily his wife were,
in 1292, defendants in a Middleton case
respecting land, wood, and mill ; Assize R.
408, m. 21 d.

105 Common-wealth Ch. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 25.

1 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

3 Land. Gam. 1 6 Oct. 1863.
8 30 & 31 Viet. cap. 64.

4 Loc. Govt. Bd. Orders 31671, 31625,
32287. Stanicliffe, Hopwood Hall, and
Birch are now in Middleton ; Gooden and
Siddal in Heywood.

5 The earliest known member of it is
William de Hopwood, who in 1277
attested a grant by Henry de Lacy, Earl
of Lincoln ; IVballey Coucher (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 595. He attested other local charters
of about the same time, e.g. Final Cone.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 218.
There was also a William son of William
de Hopwood (ibid, i, 171), who attested a
grant by Thomas de Hopwood in 1302
(Hopwood D.), and may be the William
de Hopwood, witness to a Byrom deed of
1305 ; Byron Chartul. no. 29/18.

Thomas de Hopwood appears as witness
to charters and otherwise from about 1296
to 1330 ; e.g. Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 305 ; Mamecestre
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 279. In 1302 Thomas
son of William de Hopwood was defen-

I70

dant in a Middleton suit; Assize R. 418,
m. 4.

Adam the son and heir of Thomas de
Hopwood, by a charter of 1325, granted to
John son of Henry de Hulton, and Alice
his wife, a rent of 91. out of his manor of
Hopwood, and tenements in Thornton by
Chadderton, Clayden, and Manchester ;
John and Alice recovered the arrears in
1332 ; De Banco R. 290, m. 86. Adam
de Hopwood contributed to the subsidy in
1332, was a juror in 1341, and attested a
Byron deed in the following year ; Exch.
Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
36 ; Inq. Won. (Rec. Com.), 39 ; Byron
Chartul. no. 13/177. He seems also to
have been living in 1359 ; Mamecestre, iii,
454-

Geoffrey son of Thomas de Hopwood
appears in 1347 and again in 1388 ; Hop-
wood D. Thomas seems to have granted
him certain lands in Middleton and
Gristlehurst ; but Geoffrey was outlawed
for felony in 1370 or earlier, and died
before 1397, when the executors of his
will were called to render account for the
lands forfeited ; L.T.R. Memo. R. 162, m.
14 d. Four years later another Geoffrey
de Hopwood claimed as heir, being son of
Thomas son of Adam son of Thomas the
grantor; ibid. R. 166, m. 118. A John
de Hopwood appears from 1374 to 1381 ;
De Banco R. 456, m. 10, &c.

In 1433 an exchange was arranged
between Margaret widow of Thomas
Hopwood and John the son and heir of
Thomas, her dower in the demesnes of
Hopwood being replaced by other tene-
ments ; Booker, Prestivich Ch. 253. A
writ of Diem cl. extr. after the death of
Isabel, widow of John Hopwood, was

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Colonel Edward Robert Gregge-Hopwood, born in
i846.16

Hopwood Hall is situated in a hollow on the high
ground between Middleton and Rochdale about a

GREGGE. Or three
trefoils dipped between
two cheveroneh sable.

HOPWOOD. Paly of
six argent and "vert.

mile directly north of the former town. It is a
picturesque two-story brick building on a stone base,
set round a small quadrangle, with the entrance on
the north side and the principal front facing south.
Though usually stated to belong to the Tudor period
there is nothing in the house as it stands at present to
suggest a date earlier than the first part of the
I yth century ; but it is possible that some of the
brickwork in the south front may be before this time.
The original arrangement seems to have been that
the house was built round four sides of a courtyard
about 60 ft. long from west to east and 30 ft. from
north to south, with the great hall in the south range
opposite to the entrance. In later rebuildings this first
arrangement has been followed to some extent, but the
Jiall has disappeared, and corridors have encroached on
the quadrangle on two sides, reducing its size to about
50 ft. by 24ft., and the plan is now that of a suite of
living rooms on all four sides of the central space, with
a large western servants' wing added in later times.
The older parts are constructed with small 2 in. bricks,
in contrast to much of the later work, but both the
older and later buildings are of more than one date.

Architecturally the house has little distinction, the
picturesque effect of the exterior from the south-
cast being produced by the gables and bay win-
dows and by the pleasant colour • of the red bricks
and grey stone roofs, in a setting of foliage and
relieved with ivy. The many well-designed brick
chimneys, mostly with circular shafts, are also a good
feature in the view of the house from this side. The
north front is uninteresting, a general sense of flatness
prevailing, though the elevation is an evenly balanced
one with a wide six-light mullioned and transomed win-
dow at each side of the central archway, and three win-
dows of six lights above. The entrance to the quad-
rangle is under a segmental arch with moulded jambs
and label over terminating in an upturned volute, a
.detail repeated on the window-heads on this side, and
towards the court. The original north wing is 60 ft.
in length, the west wing having apparently been
originally set back ; but at a later time this has been
rebuilt and brought into line with the north front,
making a total unbroken line of frontage of over Soft,
under one roof. The quadrangle itself now serves
only to light the rooms and corridors, the entrances
to the house being by doorways on either side of the
main gateway, which is I o ft. wide, and accessible
only from the servants' wing either through the dining-

room and smoke-room, or by going round the corridor
on the south and east sides. To the east of the gateway
is the entrance hall, and the range of apartments known
as the saloon, library, drawing-room, oak room, and
boudoir occupies the east and south wings, the dining-
room being in the west wing. The north wing and the
main part of the south wing are apparently of ijth-
century date, but in nearly all cases the stonework
of the windows has been cemented and painted over
and all detail lost, the mullions and jambs to the bay
window of the oak room in the south front alone having
been left untouched. They are, however, in a very
crumbling and decayed state. On the east wing is
a very good angle lead head with the date 1690
and the initials of John and Elizabeth Hopwood,
but it is not in its original position, and to what
part of the house the date refers is not clear. The
south-east corner of the building (now the library)
appears to have been erected in the i8th century,
apparently in 1755, which date is on a spout head,
and similar spout heads without the date but
with a hart tripping, are in other parts of the
building. A copy of an old drawing of the house
now at the Hall shows this angle as first built with
chamfered quoins, flat sash windows and hipped roof,
and a low wing between it and the bay window on
the east end of the north range. This low wing gave
place some time in the last century to the lofty build-
ing with stone battlements and large mullioned and
transomed windows of nine lights which is now the
distinguishing feature of the east side of the house.
In recent times also new stone mullioned bay windows
have been substituted for the original sashes in the
1 8th-century portion, and a great stone bay window
with three transoms has been added to the drawing-
room in the south front, going up the full height of
the room, which is equal to the two stories of the rest
of the house ; it replaces a former wooden bay of
less height. Nearly all the distinguishing features
of the south and east elevations are modern. The
interior also is largely modernized, but contains two
good oak staircases, one in the east corridor and the
other at the west end of the south wing, both having
square newels terminating in the Hopwood crest
(an eagle's head, out of a coronet, holding in its
beak a trefoil). The walls of the principal rooms
are panelled with 18th-century oak panelling, and
the house contains a great deal of oak furniture, the
greater part of which, however, has been collected in
modern times. The corridors go round the south
and east sides of the quadrangle on the first floor as
below, and the bedroom over the oak room on
the south side retains its original oak panelling.
At the end of the south corridor on the ground floor
is an ingle nook nearly 6 ft. deep, with a good stone
fireplace in which are carved the arms of Hopwood
impaling a coat of eight quarters with the Hopwood
crest and another, a hart tripping, the motto * By
degrees,' and the initials and date F G, 1658. The
same date and initials occur on a stone fireplace in the
boudoir, a small room in the south wing, but their
claim to belong to Hopwood Hall in the 1 7th century
is not clear, they having possibly been brought here
by the Gregges from another place at a later date.

STANICLIFFE was an estate of the Knights
Ho pitallers,17 held in 1612 by Edmund Hop-

16 Foster, Lanes. Pedigrees.

17 Lands in Middleton were among the

Hospitallers' possessions in 1292; Plac.
de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 375.

By a charter of the earlier part of the
1 3th century, Syherit eldest daughter of

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

wood.18 Siddal19 and Gooden are other parts of
Hopwood ; the latter gave a surname to the posses-
sors.20

In or near Hopwood was a wood called Hawk-
shaw ; 21 the name appears to be lost.

At Stanicliffe there was an ancient chapel.*1 In
connexion with the Church of England, St. Mary's,
Birch, was erected in 1828 ; the rector of Middleton
is the patron.23 The mission church of St. John lies
within the borough of He/wood.

There are also chapels for the Wesleyan, Primitive,
and United Free Methodists.

THORNHAM

Thorenham, 1243 ; Tornetun, c. 1230, 1335.

Thornham appears to have been called Thornton
also. It measures about ii| miles from north to
south, by about 2 miles across. The area is 1,936
acres. Tandle Hill, the highest point of the hilly
surface, nearly 700 ft., is central ; there are good views
from the summit ; the surface descends from it all
round, but more particularly towards the south-west,
where the level is under 400 ft. The population in
1901 was not returned separately.

The road from Middleton to Rochdale, along which

runs a light railway, passes along the western border,
having the hamlets of Slattocks and Trub Smithy, for-
merly Smithy Ford, upon it. Near the eastern bor-
der the road from Oldham to Rochdale passes through,
having the hamlets of Thornham Hill, Gravel Hole,
and Buersill Head upon or near it. There are three
cross roads connecting the former roads. Thornham
Fold is a hamlet near the centre of the township,
and Stake Hill lies to the south-east of Slattocks. The
railway and canal from Manchester to Rochdale both
cross the extreme south-west corner.

The soil is sandy with a subsoil of clay ; the chief
crops are wheat and pasture. There is abundance of
good coal, and a colliery at Hanging Chadder. Fustian
cutting is carried on. At Stake Hill there are bleach
works.

In 1666 there were fifty-four hearths assessed to
the hearth tax ; James Hilton's house had six.1

Thornham has ceased to exist as a township since
1 894, when it was divided between Middleton, Roy-
ton, and Rochdale.*

As in the case of Pilsworth, there does
MANOR not seem to have been a manor of
THORNHAM, the hamlet being held
as part of the manor of Middleton.3 Joseph Milne,
in 1862, purchased from Peto and Betts the estate
formerly belonging to Lord Suffield, as heir of the
Assheton family, comprising nearly the whole of the
land.4

Sir Richard de Stanicliffe (Staniclive), in
her widowhood gave to Alan de Middle-
ton all her land in Stanicliffe and any that
might revert to her there, for a rent of
two white gloves ; Sir Robert de Middle-
ton was a witness ; Hopwood D. To the
same Alan grants in the vill of Thornton
made by his father Roger and brother
Robert were confirmed by the superior
lord, Roger de Montbegon ; ibid. Adam
son of Walter, and Godith daughter of
Richard de Stanicliffe, granted to Richard
de Hulton the third part of Stanicliffe ' to
hold in frankalmoign of God and the
house of St. John's Hospital of Jerusalem,
rendering yearly to the said Hospital i6J.
•of silver at the Nativity of St. Mary ; '
Brother Alexander of the hospital was a
witness ; ibid. Roger de Stanicliffe and
Syherit de Stanicliffe sold to Roger the
Carpenter the chief messuage, two parts
of a croft belonging to it, and the twelfth
part of all Stanicliffe, to hold as above,
rendering $.d. a year to the hospital ;
Roger de Middleton and W. the Clerk his
•son were witnesses ; ibid.

18 In the inquisition already cited it it
•stated that he he!' messuages and lands in
Stanicliffe 'of the King as of the late
priory of St. John of Jerusalem in Eng-
land ' in socage, by 41. yearly rent — this
.agreeing with the rents of i6d. for a third
and 4<f. for a twelfth part of the charter
given in the preceding note.

Sarah Hopwood, one of the daughters
•of Edmund Hopwood, lived at Stanicliffe ;
her will, made in 1642 and proved in 1664,
abounds in family names. She was buried
at Middleton 18 Jan. 1644.

19 Lands in Sydal or Siddal and Middleton
were included in the Kersal cell estate pur-
chased in 1548 by Ralph Kenyon ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 13, m. 152. The
place is also named among the lands of
Richard Assheton of Middleton in 1619 ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
•Ches.), ii, 105, 107.

80 In 1292, and again in 1302, Thomas
de Hopwood released to his brother Alan
all claim on lands in Gooden (Guldene) ;
Hopwood D.

In the latter year William son of Hugh
de Gooden (Guledene) made a claim for
common of pasture in Middleton, but did
not proceed ; the defendants were Peter
de Hey wood and his sons, and in the
second case Thomas son of William de
Hopwood ; Assize R. 408, m. 5 ; 418,
m. 4. Eight years later, Alice widow of
William de Gooden claimed dower in a
messuage, 12 acres of land, 6 acres of
meadow, and 12 acres of wood in Middle-
ton ; Thomas de Hopwood, the defendant,
replied that her husband was not seised of
the tenement as of fee on the day he
married her or afterwards ; De Banco R.
183, m. 132.

Adam de Hopwood in 1333 granted to
Agnes daughter of Alan de Hopwood and
her heirs all her father's lands in Gooden
in the town of Middleton, with com-
mon rights in Thornham, Pilsworth, and
Hawkshaw, for the rent of a rose yearly ;
Hopwood D. Agnes, as widow of Wil-
liam son of Henry de Heywood, in 1 347
granted all her lands in Gooden to Geof-
frey son of Thomas de Hopwood ; ibid.

Ten years later John de Stackhill and
Agnes his wife granted to Geoffrey son of
John del Holt all their lands in Gooden
in Middleton for his life ; Agecroft D.
338.

At the end of the 1 7th century Gooden
(Goulden) was owned by James Holt of
Stubley ; Manch. Free Library D. no.
106, no, 112, 116. His predecessor,
Robert Holt of Stubley, died in 1561,
holding messuages, &c., in Middleton of
Richard Assheton of Middleton in socage ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 15. Earlier
still, in 1388, Robert son of Geoffrey del
Holt held lands in Middleton; Final Cone.
iii, 31.

Two messuages ' called Golden ' were

173

in 1538 held by Ralph Bury of Sir Richard
Ashton of Middleton ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. viii, no. 24. Richard Bury of
Gooden was a freeholder in 1600 ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 248.
Richard Bury died in 1614 ; in his will
are named his children Joseph, Deborah,
and Richard. The will of John Bury,
made about the same time, speaks of
Richard Bury ' heir of Gooden.'

The Goulden or Gooden family occur
in other townships ; they had land in Barn-
ford in 1282 ; Final Cone, i, 157.

21 It is mentioned in a Hopwood Charter
cited above. In 1292 David de Hulton
was nonsuited in his claim against Roger
de Middleton and Thomas de Heaton for
partition of a wood in ' Haukeshogh ; '
Assize R. 408, m. 36 d.

22 E. Butterworth in 1839 wrote: —
' According to tradition there was once a
chapel here, but this is unlikely ; yet it
might be a small oratory for the tenantry
of Hopwood ; ' Middleton, 5 1. Canon
Raines a little later says : — ' Stanicliffe is
a timber and plaster house, having a pri-
vate chapel ;' Notitia Cestr. ii, 101.

28 E. Butterworth, ut supra. The chap-
elry was constituted in 1 842 ; Land. Cast,
27 Sept.

1 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

8 Loc. Govt. Bd. Orders 31625, 32287.
Trub Smithy and Buersill Head are now
in Castleton ; Slattocks, Thornham Fold,
and Stake Hill, in Middleton ; Gravel
Hole, Hanging Chadder, and Thorncliffe,
in Royton.

8 It is so named, e.g. in 1619 in the
inquisition after the death of Richard
Assheton of Middleton ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 105.

Sir H. Harbord paid four-fifths of the
land tax in 1787 ; Returns at Preston.

* Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 481 ; the
area was 1,794^ acres. Mr. Milne died
in 1898, and his trustees are the present
lords.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Hanging Chadder * and Stakehill 6 gave names to
their possessors in the 1 4th century.

The Parliamentary Commissioners, in 1650, recom-
mended that a church should be erected at the tithe
barn in Thornham,7 but no further steps were taken.
In connexion with the Established Church the school
chapel of St. James, Gravel Hole, and the old school
are used for service.8

Near the same place is a chapel of the Wesleyan
Methodists.

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Gabriel and
the Angels, Trub Smithy, on the border of Castleton,
was built in 1884.'

BIRTLE-WITH-BAMFORD

Brithull, 1243; Birkil, 1246; Birkhill, 1334,
1573 ; Birtle has become the usual spelling, but Bircle
appears in the Manchester Diocesan Directory.

Baunford, Baumford, 1330.

The main portion of this scattered township lies
about 5 miles north north-west of Middleton Church.
It is separated from the central portion of the parish
by the township of Heap in Bury, with which it is
much intermixed, having no fewer than five detached
portions to the south, east, and north. Birtle hamlet,
near which is Sillinghilrst, is in the western half of the
main part of the township ; much of Bamford lies in
Heap. The area is 1,429 acres,1 of which Birtle has
1,200. The surface is hilly ; the highest portion of
the main part of the township, over 800 ft. above sea-
level, lies on the northern side. The population in
1901 was 1,447.

Two roads cross it from south to north, leading
from the road between Bury and Rochdale, which
passes through the south-east corner of the main part.

The soil is loam, with stone below ; the land is
chiefly in pasture. Bleaching, dyeing, and paper-
making are carried on. In Bamford are large woollen
and cotton factories. There are several stone quarries,
and coal-mining was formerly carried on.

In 1882 Cobhouse Farm in Walmersley and Diggles
in Heap were added to Birtle-with-Bamford.J A
number of changes were made in 1 894 ; the township
was greatly extended by the inclusion of a part of Heap
and the whole of Ashworth ; parts of it were cut off
and included in Heywood, Bury, and Walmersley.3

In 1666 there were fifty-six hearths liable to the
tax. The only large house was that of Holt of Gristle-
hurst, with thirteen hearths.4

Castle Hill and Gallows Hill adjoin each other in
Birtle proper.*3

The township is governed by a parish council.

There does not seem to have been at
MANORS any time a manor of BIRTLE, the land
being held in parcels of the lord of
Middleton.6* The local surname was at one time in
use, for in 1246 Roger de Birtle, whose tenement
was said to be in Bury, complained that Geoffrey de
Middleton had raised a mill-pool to his injury and to
the injury of Adam de Bury. Adam's claim was
rejected by the jury, but they admitted Roger's, for
the course of the water had been altered so that the
water laid waste his land. They at first ordered that
the old state of things should be restored, but the
parties having agreed, they ordered that Geoffrey
should pay half a mark yearly to Roger, and leave
the mill-pool as it was.6b

The Bury family in the 1 6th century held part of
Birtle.73

The most prominent residents were the Holts of
GRISTLE HURST,8* who were in possession in the

& Land in this place belonged to the
church of Middleton, as may be seen in
the charter quoted in the account of the
parish church.

Adam de Hindley and Joan his wife, in
1313, claimed the latter' s dower in Mid-
dleton against Robert son of Roger de
Middleton, and John de Hanging Chadder ;
De Banco R. 201, m. 2. Richard de Hang-
ing Chadder contributed to the subsidy,
1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 36.

Messuages and land there, held of the
lord of Middleton, belonged in 1612 to the
Hopwoods of Hopwood ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 204, 207.

A family named Jones was long resident
at Hanging Chadder. There is an account
of the family in Notitia Cestr. ii, iozn.
Henry Jones, by will in 1678, was a bene-
factor to the poor. Edmund Jones in 1696
names his son Richard in his will ; and
Richard Jones, whose will was proved in
1722, names his son Edmund. There
were also Fittons there and at Snipe Lache
in Thornton.

6 In 1330 John de Stakull and Agnes
his wife released to Geoffrey son of John
de Holt all right in lands in Stakehill in
the vill of Middleton for the term of John's
life; Agecroft D. 336. See the account
of Gooden in Hopwood.

Henry de Stakehill contributed to the
subsidy in 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. 36.

Roger Holt of Bridge Hall in Heap held
in 1594 two messuages in Middleton
called « Starkhull" ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xvi, 6.

John son of Henry de Stakehill in 1338

granted Whitaker in the hamlet of Thorn-
ham to his brother Adam, and Adam four
years afterwards granted all his lands in
Thornham to Sir John de Byron ; Harl.
MS. 21 12.

' Commonw. Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 24.

8 See Endowed Char. Rep. for Middleton,
1901, p. 31.

9 The mission was founded in 1879 ;
Kelly, Engl. Cath. Missions, 119.

1 The census of 1901 gives 2,410 acres,
including 17 of inland water; this is the
area after the changes made in 1882 and
1894.

2 Divided Parishes Act. Cobhouse is
a detached part of \Valmersley lying with-
in the northerly detached part of Birtle.
Diggles lies to the east of Dixon Fold, in
the detached part of Bamford.

8 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 31671. The
effect of these changes has been to abolish
the old fragmentary condition of the town-
ship.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

53 The story that the manor court for
Tottington fee was formerly held here
appears in Aikin, Country round Manch.
269.

6a The fact that Birtle-with-Bamford and
Heap have a number of detached portions
is probably due to that 'common of pasture,"
shared by the tenants of Bury and Middle-
ton, which is named in the Inq. p.m. of
Roger de Middleton in 1324 ; Inq. p.m.
1 6 Edw. II, 49.

Birtle was an original constituent of the
manor of Middleton, but the portion of
Bamford held by Richard Assheton in 1612

174

was found to belong to the lordship of the
Earl of Derby ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 105, 107. Some ac-
count of Bamford will be found under
Heap in Bury.

In a fine of 1592 respecting a messuage
and lands in Cobballs, Elbight (now Elbutt),
and Birtle, Richard Holland and Ralph
Assheton were plaintiffs and the Earl of
Derby and Richard Assheton (lords respec-
tively of Bury and Middleton) were defor-
ciants ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 54,
m. 25.

6b Assize R 404, m. 7 d.

Thomas son of Adam de Birkhill did not
prosecute a claim made in 1334 against
Agnes de Middleton, Maud, her daughter,
and others ; Assize R. 1417, m. 7 d.

'a James Bury held lands in Bury, Mid-
dleton, and Tottington ; Ralph, his son
and heir, was an idiot. On Ralph's death
in 1538 it was found that he held a mes-
suage called Birtle (Byrkehill) and two
called ' Golden ' of Sir Richard Ashton by
fealty and a rent of i±\d. yearly ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, 34 ; viii, 24.

A messuage and lands in Birtle and
Middleton were in 1573 purchased by
James Lomas from Lawrence Bury, Agnes
his wife, and Richard his son and heir ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 35, m. 115.

81 Gristlehurst was partly in Middleton
and partly in Bury. Thus the mediety of
Gristlehurst was granted by Adam de Bury
to Thomas de Bamford for a rent of lod. ;
the bounds included Stockley Clough, Pete-
kesdene, Navedene, Kochet, and Taclei-
brook ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, 113.
In 1336 Helewise de Hull granted to

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

first part of the i5th century, succeeding a family
named Wood,8b and in the i6th century acquired
large portions of the monastic estates, and flourished80
for a brief period. In 1562 the capital messuage
called Gristlehurst was found to be held of Richard
Ashton of Middleton in socage, and by the rent of
ijd. ; part of the land, called Fernhurst, was held
of the queen in socage by a rent of 4^., and the rest
of the demesne lands, being in Bury, was held of

William Bamford also in socage, by the rent of
The estate was acquired about 1660 by another branch
of the family,10 and after some descents in this line
was conveyed in marriage by Elizabeth daughter and
heiress of William Holt to Richard Beaumont of
Whitley Beaumont, by whom it was, in 1758, sold to
Mr. Milne of Flockton Manor House. It was in
1849 ^e property of James Fenton of Bamford
Hall.11

Robert son of Adam de Bamford all her
right in land at Gristlehurst (Gristelyhyrst)
in the vill of Bury ; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), xi, 26. William son of John de
Barton in 1367 complained that William
aon of John del Wood, of Gristlehurst,
had caused waste of houses, &c. ; De
Banco R. 426, m. 285 d. In 1370
William del Wood of Gristlehurst attested
an Ashworth charter ; ibid. 265, 261.

Land in Gristlehurst had belonged to
Geoffrey de Hopwood, outlawed for felony
in or before 1 370 ; L. T. R. Memo. R. 166,
m. 1 1 8.

8b Gristlehurst ' was obtained before the
year 1449 by Ralph Ho'.t, who (according
to a curious parchment roll, in my pos-
session, of the time of Henry VII) married
Ellen, widow of James Bellairs, who died
in France, and daughter and co-heiress of
John Sumpter of Colchester, by his wife
Margery, daughter and co-heiress of Sir
Geoffrey Brockholes, kt. It appears
that Geoffrey had married Eleanor, the
heiress of Sir John Roos, lit., who in-
herited large estates in Essex from her
mother, Alice, the sole heiress of Sir
Robert Asheldam. The property of Sir
Geoffrey, which descended to him from
his mother Alice, one of the heiresses of
Sir Guy de Mancetter, lord of Mancetter,
in the county of Warwick, also came to
the Holts, which gave them a position
and rank not enjoyed by the elder
branches of the house ' ; Canon Raines in
Notitia Cestr. ii, 100. Nothing is posi-
tively known as to the ancestry of Ralph
Holt In 1441 Ralph Holt summoned
Thomas and John Kay of Bury, Ralph,
John, and Peter Lomax of Heap, and
•others to answer why they had disseised
him of his free tenement in Bury and
Middleton — no doubt Gristlehurst. They
replied that William Wood, who formerly
he.d it, had enfeoffed Thomas Kay and
Richard Lomax ; but Ralph claimed by a
charter of William's made before that
feoffment ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 3, m.
19. The roll above referred to was
given to the Chetham Library by Canon
Raines.

James Holt, the son of Ralph, married
before 1481 Isabel, one of the daughters
and co-heirs of Gilbert Abram of Abram
and Grappenhall, and had certain lands
with her ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 139; Duchy Plead, (same
Soc.), i, 39-41 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.
jcxxvii, App. 683.

Constance, daughter of James son of
Ralph Holt, was in 1477 contracted to
marry Oliver Holt of Ashworth ; Raines
MSS. xi, 273.

With James the pedigree recorded in
1567 begins; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 22. A
•son of his named Gilbert occurs in 1502 ;
Raines, op. cit. 113.

80 James Holt, in the recorded pedi-
gree* is stated to have had a son Ralph,
father of Sir Thomas Holt of Gristle-
hurst, who obtained from Henry VIII
large grants of the estates of Whalley and

Cockersand Abbeys. In 1 542 he obtained
the manor of Spotland in Rochdale, with
its appurtenances, which had belonged to
the former abbey, together with rents
from Coleshaw in Chadderton and other
lands which had probably belonged to the
Hospitallers, for £641 i6j. 8d. ; Pat. 33
Hen. VIII, pt. 6. During the following
year he obtained Stidd, which had also be-
longed to the Hospitallers ; Alt Grange
in Ince Blundell, Cronton, and Staining,
the property of Whalley ; Cunscough in
Melling, Forton, Ellel, and other lands
which had belonged to Cockersand, the
price being £1,727 15*. ; Pat. 35 Hen.
VIII, pt. i.

Thomas Holt is noticed in the Visit, of
1533 (Chet. Soc. 53). He was made a
knight by the Earl of Hertford during the
expedition into Scotland in 1544 ; Met-
calfe, Book of Knights, 76.

9 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, 46. Sir
Thomas died 8 March 1561-2, leaving as
heir Francis his son, then aged thirty-
eight. The inquisition gives a full list of
his lands, and also recites his will dated
1554. By this he left his 'head house or
capital messuage called Gristlehurst, with
a mease and two mills in the tenure of
Thomas Shay ; also three cottages on the
moor side called Tarkelee [Tack lee]
. . . and all such lands and tenements
in Bury and Middleton which were
taken to be of the demesne lands of
the said capital messuage, of the yearly
value of £10,' to his wife Dorothy
for her life, with remainder to Francis
Holt his son and heir and heirs male, and
in default to Ralph Holt, his younger son,
and heirs male, &c. An annuity was
granted to Robert Holt his brother. An-
other will, made just before his death, is
printed in Piccope's Wills (Chet. Soc.), i,
131 ; it concerns chiefly his household
stock, &c. ; it mentions Thomas the son
of F~~ ncis his heir, the fourth best gelding
being "* to him.

Of Francis Holt little is known. His
will, dated 1599 (Raines MSS. vi, 252)
was proved in 1604. He made a settle-
ment of his manors of Spotland, &c., in
1578 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 40,
m. 137. His son and heir Thomas died
in December 1609, leaving as his heir his
son Francis, then aged twenty-four. Some
of the estates had by this time been sold,
but he held the ' manors ' of Gristlehurst,
Spotland, Forton, and Stidd, and various
lands. His father had in 1588 settled the
manor of Gristlehurst and messuages,
water-mill, fulling - mills, and lands in
Gristlehurst, Bury, Middleton, Bamford,
Spotland, and Rochdale to the use of
himself (Francis) and Ellen his wife, then
for Thomas Holt and Francis his son and
heir and heirs male ; in default, to
Thomas and to Edward, younger sons of
Francis, &c. Constance, the widow, and
Francis, Ralph, John, and Edmund, the
sons of Thomas, were living at Gristle-
hurst in 1610 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 157-63. The

175

manor, &c., of Gristlehurst was held of
Sir Richard Assheton of Middleton, in
socage ; no rent is named.

Francis Holt died 28 September 1617,
leaving as heir his son James, then nearly
seventeen. By a settlement of 1603 the
manor of Gristlehurst had been given to
the use of Thomas Holt (the father) dur-
ing the life of Francis Holt (the grand-
father), and then to the use of Katherine
Holt, wife of the younger Francis, for life,
with remainder to heirs male. Another
settlement of 1609 mentions James,
William, and Theophilus as sons of the
younger Francis. The tenure of Gristle-
hurst was stated as before ; ibid, ii, 81-6.
For the settlement see also Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 75, no. 37. A pedigree
was recorded in 1613 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.),
39-

James Holt died without issue in 1623,
and his brother William having died be-
fore him, the heir was the younger brother
Theophilus, about fourteen years of age ;
Lanes. Inq. (ut sup.), iii, 371-8. No fresh
dispositions of the estates appear to have
been made by James Holt.

Theophilus Holt, who thus succeeded
his brother, died 21 July 1628. His
mother Katherine was still living and in
possession of Gristlehurst with various
messuages and lands, which were to revert
to Theophilus and his heirs male, held of
Ralph Assheton and others. Alice, the
widow, gave birth to a son three weeks
after the father's death ; he was called
Thomas Posthumus ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxvi, 25.

The heir married and had two sons, but
they died young, and the father squan-
dered his whole estate, dying in great
poverty at Tattenhall in Cheshire in 1679.
There is a pedigree of the family in the
Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), i, 346. There
was published ' A Plant of Paradise ;
being a sermon preached at St. Martin i.i
the Fields at the funeral of John Good-
hand Holt, the young son, only child, and
hopeful heir of Thomas Holt of Grisle-
hurst, co. Lane., Esqr., March 19, 1659,
by R. Mossom, minister of St. Peter,
Paul's Wharf, London,' with an epistle
dedicatory to Thomas and Anne Holt, the
mournful parents, &c. ; Pal. Note Bk. i,
203.

Thomas P. Holt recorded a pedigree at
the herald's visitation in 1664-5 5 Dug-
dale's Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 150.

10 Alexander Holt, a London goldsmith,
was called ' cousin ' of Thomas P. Holt,
being, it was said, descended from the
Gristlehurst family; Land. Visit. 1633
(Harl. Soc.), i, 393 ; Whitaker, PThalley,
ii, 23-4 ; Piccope, ut sup.

11 Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 100 ;
Burke, Commoners, ii, 323. About 1750
the estate comprised 1273. ir. 24p. of
pasture land, and 423. ir. 2 op. of old
timber. The purchase was made by
Joseph Fenton, the father of James. For
the family see Burke's Landed Gentry —
Fenton of Dutton Manor.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Daniel Leach died in 1638 holding a messuage and
lands in Birtle of Ralph Assheton of Middleton.1*

SMETHURST gave a surname to its owners ; 13
they were succeeded by the Meadowcrofts, who con-
tinued to hold it throughout the i6th and ijih
centuries.14

At Castle Hill resided for some time a family named
Lomax.15

The greater part of BAMFORD lies within the
township of Heap in Bury, but part lies in the detached
eastern part of Birtle-with- Bamford.16 * Nacfield ' in
Middleton, perhaps near Nat Bank (now Gnat Bank)
in Bamford, with the rent and service of the Earl of
Derby, was included in the share of Ralph Standish
on a division of the Chaderton estates in I534.16a
Francis Chadwick died in 1622 holding a messuage and
land in Bamford of Richard Assheton of Middleton ;
Edmund his son and heir was about fifteen years of age.17
Edmund and several other Chadwicks were living in
this part of Bamford in i65o.18 Kenyon Fold com-
memorates a branch of the Kenyon family which had
an estate in Bamford and Crimbles.19

The land tax return of 1788 shows that the land
was much subdivided. The most important contri-
butor was William Bamford, who paid about a tenth
part.20

For the worship of the Established Church, St. John
the Baptist's, Birtle, was built in 1845, and consecrated
the following year ; the rector of Middleton has the
patronage.81

There are Wesleyan and United Free Methodist
chapels in Birtle, also a Wesleyan Methodist chapel at
Kenyon Fold in Bamford, opened in 1836.

ASHWORTH

Assewrthe, 1236 ; Hesseworthe, c. 1260 ; Assche-
wrth, c. 1270.

Ashworth is a narrow stretch of land lying between
Cheesden Brook on the south, Naden Brook on
the east, and its tributary, the Oldhouse Brook,
on the north. The area is i,ozij acres. The
surface is hilly, rising to 1,000 ft. at one point

12 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxx, 90,
His heirs were his daughters, Elizabeth,
wife of Peter Lomax, and Jane, wife of
James Carr.

18 Henry son of Robert, son of Alice
de Smethurst, in 1357 and later made a
claim against Roger son of Roger de Pil-
kington concerning two messuages, 20
acres of land, &c., in Middleton and Bury;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 6, m. 3, I d.
The defence was that the tenement was
entirely in Bury, and that Alice had a son
Gilbert, elder brother of Robert, who had
granted to Henry de Bury, his lord, all his
right in Smethurst, * Falsedchirist," and
Coppedhurst. It was replied that Gilbert
had been imprisoned at Smethurst by
Henry de Bury, and had only made the
grant adduced under that duress ; further,
that the lands claimed by Henry were in
Middleton. Henry de Smethurst gained
his case ; Assize R. 438, m. 5. Arthur
Smethurst the elder made a settlement of
an estate in Middleton, Bury, and Man-
chester in 1568 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 30, m. 117.

14 The Meadowcroft family early appear
in Middleton. Thomas de Meadowcroft
in 1347 complained that various persons
had been digging in his quarry at Middle-
ton and otherwise trespassing ; De Banco
R. 351, m. 27 ; 352, m. 368. Adam del
Meadowcroft was a defendant in 1351;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. v. Geof-
frey son of Nicholas de Meadowcroft was
charged with waste in Middleton in 1368 ;
De Banco R. 431, m. 168. Robert son
of Roger de Meadowcroft was in 1387
found to have enjoyed for a time the pro-
fits of lands belonging to John son of Roger
de Meadowcroft in Kearsley,jnd to John
son of John de Ainsworth in Middleton ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 27. Roger
de Meadowcroft of Middleton, gentleman,
was defendant in a plea of trespass by
Rose widow of Richard de Bamford in
1441 and 1442 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
3, m. 16 ; 4, m. 6b. Ralph Meadow-
croft in 1559 made a settlement of his
estate of five messuages, &c., in Bury and
Middleton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
21, m. 71. Richard Meadowcroft was
plaintiff in 1574 in a plea concerning
Birtle and other lands ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), iii, 23.

Francis Meadowcroft of Smethurst was

a freeholder in 1600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 247. In 1622 he
contributed in Bury to the subsidy for his
'goods,' while Richard Meadowcroft con-
tributed for ' lands ' in Middleton ; ibid.
161, 158. On a summons of the heralds
a pedigree was recorded in 1664, showing
three generations : Richard Meadowcroft
of Smethurst, d. 1 660 ; 8. — Richard,
aged 62 ; s. — Richard, aged 30 5 Dug-
dale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 196. 'Francis
Meadowcroft, gent., was living in the year
1 702, and having married Alice daughter
and co-heiress of James Lomax of Booth
Hall, gent., had issue Richard and James,
and two daughters. — Pleadings in the
Rolls Court, 1 702 ' ; Raines in Notitia
Cestr. ii, too. It appears that in 1677
Francis Meadowcroft sold or mortgaged
to Adam Gaskell 'a demesne called
Smethurst, with all the housing and all
the conveniences belonging, and the three
tenements at Roughhill Street, which in
all contains about 55 acres more or less,'
situate in Middleton ; a place called Brats-
hey Hill, containing about 12 acres, also
in Middleton ; and a tenement called
Elbutt, under the Earl of Derby, contain-
ing about 60 acres ; Exch. of Pleas, 29
Chas. II, Mich. m. 5, v, m. 17.

15 The will of Peter Lomax of Castle
Hill, proved in 1712, shows that he had a
daughter Jane, wife of Thomas Tipping.

16 Henry de Bamford in 1292 claimed
land and wood and the eighth part of a
mill in Middleton against Ellis Moscrop
and Cecily his wife ; Assize R. 408, m.
21 d. Roger de Bamford in 1363 claimed
a messuage in Middleton against John
son of John de Ainsworth ; De Banco R.
413, m. 100.

Thomas Langley of Agecroft, who died
in 1472, had rents of 6d. each from Roger
Bamford and Robert de Heywood for lands
in Middleton ; the latter had the Crim-
bles ; Agecroft D. 80- 1.

A number of the deeds of this Bamford
family are given briefly among the Birch
charters in Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 178^, &c.;
some will be found printed in full in Booker,
Didsbury (Chet. Soc.), 115, &c. Among
these are : — A release of actions from
Nicholas de Bamford to William de Birches
in 1382—3 ; power of attorney from John
Bamford to Richard son of Thomas Bam-
ford to receive lands in Middleton and

176-

Spotland in 1450-1 ; Bartin Bamford
in 1478 agreed that his son John should
marry Margery sister of Sir Richard
Longford (and for Bartin see also Mame-
cestre, iii, 482) ; George Bamford of Holt
(in Rusholme) agreed in 1518 that his
son John should marry Margaret daughter
of Richard Scholefield ; John son and heir
of George Bamford is named in 1532.

John Bamford of Rusholme, grandson
of George, held in 1558 among other
properties a messuage, &c., in Middleton
called Bamford, of Richard Ashton in
socage ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi,
no. 6 1, 38. His infant daughter and heir,
Anne, married (i) George Birch of Birch
and (2) Francis Duckinfield of Stockport j
Earwaker, East Ches. ii, 19.

There were claims to the estate made
in 1562 and 1565 ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Soc.), ii, 207, 302. In 1580 Thomas
Bamford of Leicester claimed as the heir
male of Adam Bamford, seised in 1413.
The pedigree he adduced stated that Adam
had a son Thomas, and he a son John,
who was succeeded in turn by his sons
Bartholomew, Nicholas, and George ; the
last-named had a son John, whose son
John was the father of Anne, in posses-
sion ; Duchy of Lane. Plead. Ixii, B 7.

Settlements of the lands were made by
George Birch and Anne his wife in 1574
and 1575 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
36, m. 54 ; 37, m. 90. For disputes as
to the inheritance in Bamford, see Ducatus
Lane, iii, 3 ; and Lanes, and Ches. Rec.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 257.

Anne Duckinfield died in 1619 holding
' 20 acres of pasture in Middleton called
Bamfold ' ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 178.

16a Raines D. (Chet. Lib.). In 1522
the collector for the Earl of Derby ac-
counted for 1 6*. 8</. rent from 'Nakfeld'
in the parish of Middleton, which had
been purchased from John Bamford ; Roll
in possession of the Earl of Lathom.

V Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.),
242.

18 Commoniv. Ch. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 43.

19 An abstract of the title will be found
in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxi, 49, &c.

20 Returns at Preston.

21 A district was assigned in 1848 ;
Land. Gay,. 28 April.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

near the western end. There is an extensive view
from the hill on which the church stands. The
population in 1901 was included with that of Birtle.

The principal road is that from Heywood to Eden-
field, passing diagonally through the township.

The soil is of loam and clay, with subsoil of clay ;
the land is mostly in pasture. Stone quarries are
worked.

There were only thirty- two hearths — Richard
Holt's dwelling having twelve of them — liable to the
hearth tax in I666.1

The whole of Ashworth was in 1894 added to
Birtle-cum-Bamford.2

Like the other hamlets or vills of the
M4NOR parish, 4SH WORTH was held of the lord
of Middleton,3 but part of it was the free
alms of Middleton Church.4 The earliest deed concern-
ing it is a grant made about 1 180-90 by Roger son of
Alexander de Middleton to Geoffrey son of Robert
the Dean of Whalley of the whole of Ashworth, for
the service of 40^. yearly for sake fee. Jordan de
Ashworth, a witness, was probably the immediate
tenant.5 In 1236 Robert de Middleton gave the
homage of Henry de Whalley for Ashworth to Geof-
frey de Chetham.6 About the same time Orm son of
William de Wardle released to Robert son of Bernard
de Ashworth his claim to 4 oxgangs in Ashworth,
which he had demanded in the king's court.7 Richard
son of Adam de Birtle, who held an acre in Birkrod

of Stephen de Ashworth, granted it to Robert son of
Robert de Ashworth ; a rent of \d. was payable to
the chief lord, Henry son of Randle de Ashworth.8
From these and other deeds it is clear that the land
was much divided, and that the local surname was
used by any or all of the tenants.

Stephen de Ashworth, just mentioned, gave an
acre of his church land to John Spode.9 He was
succeeded by daughters — Maud, Margery, and Edusa.
Two of them are named in a grant of all his lands
by Ralph de Ashworth to Robert de Ashworth son of
Alexander de Bamford.10 A Robert son of Robert
de Ashworth married Tiffany daughter of Margery,
and to him her sisters appear to have made over all
their rights about the year 1290."

It does not seem possible to make a clear account
of the descent of the manor
out of these materials. In
1294, however, Richard de
Ashworth, whose father's name
is not given, is called the
chief lord.11 Richard had a
son Robert, whose daughter
and heir Maud in or about
1 349 married Hugh son of
John del Holt, member of
a Rochdale family.13 The
Holts retained the manor for
350 years.14 Robert Holt,

HOLT. Argent on a
bend engrailed sable three
feurs de Us of the f eld.

1 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

2 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 31671.

8 It is usually named among the ap-
purtenances of the lordship ; see also the
inquisitions, &c., cited in later notes.

4 This appears from charters cited below.

8 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 448, from an imperfect copy.
The phrase 'et Francis et Anglicis'
occurs in the introductory clause. An old
copy, transcribed by Canon Raines, intro-
duces the words in the grant : 'salvo jure
Ricardi de Blonda.'

8 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 74. Henry de Whalley was
present when the concord was made, and
did homage to Geoffrey.

" Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, 252.
Robert de Middleton and Alan his brother
were witnesses. This charter and others
were copied by Canon Raines in 1845
from the originals, then in the possession
of James Dearden, lord of the manor of
Rochdale ; other Ashworth charters he
copied from old copies in the same collec-
tion.

8 Ibid. 253. Robert de Middleton was
a witness.

9 Ibid. 252. The seal bore an eight-
petalled flower with the legend + s'
STEPHAN DE ASEWRT. William de Middle-
ton was a witness.

10 Ibid. 253. The grant included the
homage of Alexander son of Robert de
Ash worth (Jd.), and John son of Alexan-
der (i \d.} \ also Molle and Margery (2^.).
The same Ralph, perhaps at an earlier
time, granted land to Robert son of Robert
de Ashworth ; the bounds in one place
followed the plough of the church, and
they touched Penkesdene. Robert de Ash-
worth was a witness ; ibid.

Margery daughter of Richard de Ash-
worth son of Walter, in her virginity
granted to the same Robert son of Alex-
ander de Bamford her right in half an ox-
gang of land in Ashworth ; and Robert her
brother made a similar grant ; ibid. 258.

11 In 1287 Eduys daughter of Stephen
de Ashworth in her widowhood granted
land to Robert son of Robert de Ash-
worth and Tiffany daughter of Margery
her sister (the bounds included Bentley
Ford) ; and Maud, another daughter of
Stephen, did the same ; ibid. 259. Mar-
gery daughter of Stephen also granted, but
perhaps at an earlier time, certain lands
to Robert son of Robert ; the bounds be-
gan at the dwelling of Sweyn, followed
the metes between the church land and
the lay fee to Ashworth, and by the syke
to Pedkesdene ; Kulnecloh is also named.
Robert de Ashworth was a witness ; ibid.

It is difficult to decide on the identity
of this Robert son of Robert, but perhaps
his father was the son of Alexander de
Bamford. There was, however, an earlier
Robert, for Geoffrey son of John de
Buckley granted to Robert son of Jordan
de Ashworth all his lands in Ashworth ;
the bounds included Blachlache, Penkes-
den, Stanelciste, Warmedene, Wudul-
schae, and Russilache. One witness was
Roger de Middleton, and if this be the
earlier Roger (of 1212) the grantee would
no doubt be son of the Jordan de Ash-
worth who attested the charter of the
time of Henry II, already quoted ; ibid.
258. Robert de Ashworth, son of Alex-
ander de Bamford, granted 'as to his
partner ' to Robert son of Robert de Ash-
worth all the waste pertaining to the third
part of an oxgang of land in Ashworth ;
ibid.

12 Margery daughter of Stephen de
Ashworth in that year released to Richard
de Ashworth, her chief lord, all her lands ;
ibid. 254. Maud de Ashworth released
to Richard de Ashworth, probably about
the same time, land and house and all her
part of the barn, held of the church of
Middleton ; ibid.

The grant to Geoffrey son of Robert
the dean seems to have descended to
Henry de Whalley in 1236. Afterward*,
as noted above, Henry son of Handle is

177

called chief lord ; and then in 1294 Richard
de Ashworth is so entitled. The grant to
the Chethams was perhaps redeemed, for
the 3*. 4</. was afterwards payable to the
lords of Middleton directly. In 1298
Geoffrey de Chadderton confirmed to his
son Adam all his land in Ashworth ;
Clowes D. See also the case referred to
below.

As to the parentage of Richard de Ash-
worth, a Robert son of Richard son of
Walter has occurred above, but appears to
be too early for the Robert son of Richard
whose daughter was living in 1405.

18 Holt near Milnrow is thought to be
the place from which this wide-spreading
family took a surname.

In Nov. 1349 Henry son of Henry de
Greenhalgh gave to Hugh son of John del
Holt and Maud daughter of Robert de
Ashworth all Maud's lands ; Raines, op.
cit. 257. In Lent 1357 John de Chet-
ham claimed the 31. \d. rent from Hugh
del Holt and Maud de Ashworth, &c.
Hugh thereupon twice challenged the
array of the assize ; first, because Ellen
wife of Richard de Cudworth, the bailiff,
was of kin to the plaintiff, and second be-
cause William de Radcliffe, the sheriff, was
also akin ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 6,
m. 3. In the following year John de
Chetham did not prosecute his claim ;
Assize R. 438, m. 9. Hugh del Holt was
living in 1370, when he granted all his
lands in Bury and Middleton to his son
Robert, with remainders to younger sons,
Hugh and John ; Raines, op. cit. 265.
It may have been the younger Hugh who
was outlawed in 1393, when the escheator
sold his forfeited goods ; ibid. 257. Hugh
de Holt in 1375 claimed the moiety of
a messuage and lands in Middleton against
Richard de Urmston and Margaret his
wife ; De Banco R. 456, m. 10.

14 Robert de Holt the son of Hugh, al-
ready mentioned, in 1395 granted to John
de Holt, chaplain, as trustee, the lands
which had belonged to Richard ' the Abbot '

23

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

who died in 1560, held the capital messuage with
eighteen others, a water-mill, four fulling-mills,
300 acres arable land, &c., in Ashworth, of Richard
Assheton of Middleton, by a rent of 3/. \d. His
eldest son and heir, Robert, was sixteen years of age.14
His second son, William, is the most famous member
of the family. He was born about 1545, and sent
up to Oxford, where he graduated, afterwards becom-
ing Master of Arts of Cambridge also.16 Dissatisfied
with the Church of England he went to Douay
in 1574, where he studied theology, and was or-
dained.17 Being sent to Rome he entered the Society
of Jesus in 1578, and three years later was sent on
the English mission. He was then employed by the
imprisoned Queen of Scots on an embassy to her son,

King James. He was arrested at Leith in 1583 and
put to the torture, Queen Elizabeth urging this in
the hope of obtaining knowledge of suspected plots
in England ; nothing, however, was obtained from
him. He was liberated in the following year and sent
abroad. He died at Barcelona in 1599."

Robert Holt lived on until i6z4.1Sa He procured
the ancient rent of 3/. ^d. to be commuted to a pair
of gloves. He had a son Robert, who died before
his father, leaving a son and heir Richard,19 who
came of age in 1618, when a settlement of part of
the Ashworth estate was made by Robert and Richard
Holt ; the latter had married Mary, a sister of
Theophilus Ashton, and afterwards the wife of John
Greenhalgh, and died in 1620, leaving an infant son

in the hamlet of Ashworth ; and they
were regranted to Robert with remainders
to Hugh and William his brothers ; Raines,
op. cit. 261. Robert in 1398 granted to
Maud his mother certain lands in Middle-
ton and Bury ; ibid. Richard the Abbot
attested a charter in 1343 ; ibid. 257.
His lands were the subject of another
feoffment in 1398, perhaps after the death
of Robert de Holt ; ibid. 262.

In 1401 Maud the widow was sum-
moned to answer Henry de Greenhalgh
and Alice his wife concerning the ward-
ship of Hugh son and heir of Robert
son of Hugh de Holt. It was asserted
that Robert had held two messuages and
lands in Middleton of Richard de Barton
in socage by the service of 31. $d. yearly ;
and Alice claimed as next of kin, being
Hugh's grandmother, her daughter (Alice)
by a former husband, Thomas de Barlow,
having been Robert's wife. Maud suc-
cessfully upheld her title by the above-
cited grant of her son in 1398 ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. i, m. 24^.

In 1405 the feoffees granted to Hugh
son of Hugh de Holt and William his
brother an annual rent after the death
of Maud widow of Hugh de Holt and
of John de Holt, chaplain, from the lands
which had belonged to Robert son of
Richard de Ashworth. Hugh son of
Robert de Holt was the heir ; Raines,
op. cit. 263, 264.

Hugh the heir was at that time prob-
ably very young. In 1419 Margaret dc
Shaw, wife of Richard de Urmston, re-
leased all actions against him ; ibid. 266.
In 1435 he made a feoffment of all his
lands, of which he was refeoffed in 1467 ;
ibid. 266. Hugh Holt of Ashworth was
fined in 1448 ; his sons Thurstan and
William are mentioned about the same
time ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. n, m. 42 ;
12,29/1. Hugh seems to have been out-
lawed, and in 1449 the escheator sold his
goods to Richard Barton ; Raines, op. cit.
268. He contracted his daughter Isabel
in 1455 to marry Oliver Parker; and
twelve years later his son and heir apparent,
Richard, was married to Margaret daughter
of James Chetham of Nuthurst ; ibid. 267,

272. About the same time the old dis-
pute as to the 31. \.d. rent was referred to
arbitration, and no doubt settled ; Clowes
D. Just ten years later still Oliver son
of Richard son of Hugh Holt was con-
tracted in marriage with Constance daugh-
ter of James son of Ralph Holt of Gristle-
hurst ; Richard was probably dead ; Raines,

273. In 1478 Hugh was refeoffed of all
his lands, with remainders to Oliver son of
Richard Holt, to William and Jordan
brothers of Richard, and to Adam Holt ;
ibid. 268.

Oliver Holt occurs again in 1517 and
1520; ibid. 269. In 1518 he made a
feoffment of all his manors, messuages,
&c., called ' le Ashworth ' ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 123, m. 3d. In 1522 he with
other feoffees gave land in Ashworth for
Grace the daughter of Ralph Rishton, who
was to marry Robert the son and heir
apparent of Oliver, with remainder to
Richard the brother of Robert ; Raines,
269, 270. Robert Holt in 1533 married
Joan sister of Robert Langley of Agecroft ;
Agecroft D. 106, 107. In the depositions
in a dispute as to the bounds of the waste
between Robert Holt and tenants of the
Earl of Derby in Bury are many particu-
lars as to the place-names. Penkesden
Brook, part of the boundary, was in dis-
pute, it being asserted by the witnesses for
Holt that Cheesden Brook ceased to be so
called at the Lumn (Lumn Bridge, at the
north end of Ashworth), and was then
called Penkesden Brook until it fell into
Naden Brook ; while on the other side it
was said that Penkesden was a small
brook flowing into the Cheesden ; Duchy
Pleadings (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii,
52-60. The present arbitrary boundary
line, running north and south on the east
side of Cheesden Brook, probably repre-
sents a compromise made on the occa-
sion.

15 He died on 22 Jan. 1559-60. Joan
his wife survived him ; sons Robert and
William are named, and daughters Cecily,
Dorothy, and Elizabeth ; also the brother
Richard. Feoffments made in 1559 are
recited in the inquisition in Raines, op.
cit. 275. His will is printed in Piccope,
Wills (Chet. Soc.), i, 52-4.

Richard Ashton of Middleton in 1566
stated that Robert Holt of Ashworth,
holding of him by knight's service, had
died leaving a son and heir, Robert Holt,
whose wardship belonged to him ; but one
Roger Gartside, having obtained the deeds
and evidences, had forcibly carried the
heir away and made him marry one of his
daughters ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, xlviii,
A. 4.

16 He was of Brasenose College, Oxford,
B.A. 1566 ; fellow of Oriel 1568 ; M.A.
1572; Foster, Alumni; also Cooper, Athenae
Cantab, ii, 283, 551. Raines quotes his
own statement (from the Bowes Corre-
spondence, Surtees Soc.), that he was born
at Ashworth.

V Douay Diaries, 6, 25.

18 See Diet. Nat. Biog. ; Gillow, Bibl.
Diet, of Engl. Catholics, iii, 361-5 ; Foley,
Records S. J. vii, 368, 1231-46. For a
time after his expulsion from Scotland he
was rector of the English College at Rome ;
then for ten years he resided in Belgium,
distributing the King of Spain's alms to

I78

the English exiles for religion. In the
bitter dissensions which at that time arose
among the adherents of the old religion
he was a strong partisan of the ' Spanish '
faction, and roused so much bitterness
that he was sent to Spain, where he died.
He appears to have been an upright and
able man, but austere even to harshness
in his dealings with others. Many re-
ferences to him will be found in the
Calendars of State Papers of the time.
His account of ' how the Catholic religion
had been continued in England during
thirty-eight years of persecution, and how
it might still be preserved," is printed in
the Dcuay Diaries and in Foley.

I8a In 1574 there was a fine of Ash-
worth, &c., Robert Holt being deforciant ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 36, m. 42.
Some of the deeds are in Raines MSS. xi,
278, 279.

Robert Holt some time before 1565
married Agnes daughter of Roger Gart-
side ; she had an estate in Saddleworth,
which was to descend to her heirs ; Lanes.
Inq. iii, 440 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
27, no. 1 66 ; Torks. Fines (Yorks. Arch, and
Top. Assoc.), ii, 26. The « wife of Mr.
Robert Holt ' was buried at Middleton 2
Nov. 1594 ; and he seems to have married
a second wife named Clemence, buried at
the same place 9 June, 1609 ; Regs.

19 Robert Holt, son of Robert, married
Mary daughter of Sir Richard Assheton
at Middleton in 1594 ; their son Richard
was baptized at the same church on 28
March 1597; and the wife was buried
there 25 Aug. 1600. Robert married as
his second wife Dorothy, by whom he had
a son William, born in 1606. Robert was
buried on 2 Jan. 1608-9 ; Middleton
registers. Immediately afterwards the
wardship of Richard the heir was granted
to his grandfather Robert ; Raines, xi, 282.

The will of Robert Holt the son,
dated 1608, is given in Raines MSS. vi,
266. Richard was his son and heir. He
died ' holding the pure religion now estab-
lished in the Church of England,' as he
had held it 'from the time of his discre-
tion.' The apostle spoons of his grand-
father Gartside were to be heirlooms.
Coal mines at Nat Bank are mentioned.

In 1614 Richard was contracted in mar-
riage to Mary daughter of Robert Ducken-
field ; Raines MSS. xi, 294 ; Earwaker,
East Cheshire, ii, 20. The 'wife of Mr.
Richard Holt of Ashworth ' was buried
at Middleton 19 May 1618 ; and the
marriage with Mary sister of Theophilus
Ashton of Clegg, mentioned in the in-
quisition of 1624, took place on 29 Oct.
1618 ; Fishwick, Roc hdale Registers, ii, 156.
By the former marriage there was a son
Robert, who lived a few months only.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

Richard, born in 1619, who became the heir of his
great-grandfather in 1624. William Holt, a surviving
son of Robert, entered into possession of the estates,
probably as guardian of the heir.20

Richard Holt came of age just before the outbreak
of the Civil War, and, perhaps under the influence
of the Greenhalghs, attached himself to the king's
side. He returned home dangerously ill in Decem-
ber 1645, having taken part in the second defence of
Lathom. His estates were sequestered, and having
taken the National Covenant and Negative Oath, he
compounded for a fine of .£551, and took no further
part in the struggle.21 He recorded a pedigree at the
visitation in 1 66 5, " but died in 1668, leaving Ash-
worth by his will to his eldest son Robert.*1 Robert
appears to have died without issue, for in 1700 his
younger brother Richard, then in possession of Ash-
worth, joined with the other brothers, William and
Thomas, in the sale of the estate to Samuel Hallows
of Gray's Inn, for .£3,960 and an annuity of .£25."
The new owner, who appears to have been a Non-
conformist, had no children, and left his estates in
Ashworth, Newbold in Castleton, and elsewhere, to
John Hatfield, son of his nephew John Hatfield of
Hatfield, and to another nephew Samuel Hallows
Hamer, son of Samuel Hamer of Newbold, expressing
the wish that as Ashworth had always been an un-
divided property it might so continue on a division.25
Accordingly it was taken by John Hatfield, who in
1751 sold it to Thomas Ferrand of Rochdale.16 By
him it was in 1 767 sold to Samuel Egerton of Tat-
ton,27 and has descended to Earl Egerton of Tatton,
the present owner.*8

Richard Kenyon, a leaseholder in Ashworth, ad-
hered to the royal side in the Civil War, and had his
property sequestrated.29

The chapel of St. James is of ancient
CHURCH origin.50 It had probably been erected
by a lord of Ashworth for his family
and tenants, and was but poorly furnished.31 It
was a donative, and without endowment. The
services were probably maintained but irregularly.32
In 1650 the Commonwealth commissioners recom-
mended that it should be made into a parish church,
but this was not carried out.33 Bishop Gastrell in
1724 found that the Holts of Ashworth had always
allowed £4 to the ministers, but Samuel Hallows,
who had recently purchased it, alleged it to be a
domestic chapel.34 It seems to have been at that
time used by the Nonconformists.3* The owner
afterwards gave £200 to meet an equal grant by
Queen Anne's Bounty in 1737, and the chapel ceased
to be a donative.36 The patronage remains in the
owner of Ashworth, now Lord Egerton of Tatton.
The registers begin in 1741. In 1751 the income
was stated to be £50, viz., .£30 from land and £20
from pew rents.37 The following have been the
curates : — S8

1695 George Jackson, B.A.

1735 Jonathan Heaton, B.A. (Trinity Coll.,

Camb.)

1737 Peter Blakey, M.A.

1771 John Sutcliffe (Queen's Coll., Oxf.)

1806 William Horton, M.A.

1817 Thomas Hodgson

30 These statements are from the in-
quisitions made in 1624 after the death of
Robert and Richard Holt ; Lanes. In j. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches,), iii, 437-41 ;
442-51. The tenures appear to be more
accurately given in the second document
(p. 45 1).

31 Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 255-7. Debts
amounting to £626 were due by him to
Mr. Cudworth of Werneth, Mrs. Chetham
of Manchester, and others. The Ash-
worth estate was worth ^150 a year ; he
also had land in Saddleworth.

33 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 148 ; it
is meagre and inaccurate. Richard Holt
was married twice — to Jane daughter of
John Greenhalgh (at Bury in 1635) and
to Jane daughter of Radcliffe Ashton of
Cuerdale ; ibid. 126, 10.

33 Raines MSS. xi, 295. His wife Jane ;
sons Robert, Richard, William, and
Thomas ; and daughters Elizabeth and
Mary, are named in the will. He was
buried at Middleton 28 Sept. 1668. Of
the daughters, Mary married Thomas
Butler of Rawcliffe, and was living in
1704 ; ibid. 290.

24 Ibid. 283, 284 ; also Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 245, m. 61. Mortgages
amounting to over £3,000 had to be paid
off, Sir Ralph Assheton of Middleton
being the creditor.

Richard Holt does not seem to have
married, though he had a ' particular kind-
ness ' for one of the Hulton family ; Hist.
MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 141. Wil-
liam Holt was in 1696 described as 'of
York ' ; his wife in 1 700 was Hannabella.

In a lease granted by Richard Holt in
1688 the following services were required,
in addition to the rent of 23*. $.d. and four
hens at Christmas : Four days' shearing or

reaping corn ; two days' harrowing with
an able horse and a harrow ; loading four
cartloads of turf ; keeping a man for the
wars, with musket and bandoliers ; rinding
a man to sod the stone wall betwixt the
common and demesne ; finding three able
men to marl while the marling time
lasted, or pay 91. a week. Tenants had
also to grind their corn at Ashworth Mill ;
Raines MSS. xi, 282.

35 Ibid. 286 ; the will of Samuel
Hallows, dated 1736. For his character
see Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 104.

36 Ibid. 288-90 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 348, m. 53. John Hatfield, a
minor at his great-uncle's death, acquired
possession in 1750 ; he had a brother, the
Rev. George Hatfield. The advowson of
the chapel was expressly included in the
sale in 1751. At this time the clear
rental was £338 is. gd. There was a
coal mine at work. The area was nearly
630 customary acres.

37 William Egerton was sole contributor
to the land tax of 1787.

28 Col. Fishwick in Lanes, and Ches.
Antiq. Soc. xx, 30, quoting the title
deeds. It appears, however, that there
was an intermediate owner or mortgagee,
one Samuel Hill, acquiring Ashworth from
Thomas Ferrand in 1757; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 359,m. 68.

The manor of Ashworth was included
in a recovery of Wilbraham Egerton's
estates in 1806; Aug. Assizes, 46 Geo. Ill,
R. 8.

29 Royalist Comp. Papers, iv, 41.

80 Gastrell, in Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 1 02, says it was 'very ancient* and
founded in the time of Henry VIII.
Robert Holt in 15 59 left ' toward the then
sustentation of Ashworth chapel 6s. 8<f.,' to
be paid 'when the church reeves should

179

reasonably require the same ; ' Piccope,
Wills, i, 53. The chapel had a warden
in Gast roll's time.

81 Ch. Gds. 1552 (Chet. Soc.), 12.

83 There was no surplice in 1592;
Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiii, 57.

88 Commonw. Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 26. Just at that time
there was no minister there, ' for want of
maintenance.'

84 Notitia, loc. cit. ; ' it was certified
that nothing certain belonged to it.' In
1671, however, Richard Whitehead of
Pilsworth had given a rent-charge of £3
'to the use of such minister as should
perform the service and cure at the chapel
of Ashworth ' ; ibid, ii, 34.

85 Ibid, ii, 105. Radcliffe Scholefield
was officiating without licence in 1703;
he was the Presbyterian minister of Whit-
worth in 1718, and afterwards held a
charge in Cheshire ; H. Fishwick, Roch-
dale, 264. In 1668, though 'with some
difficulty,' Oliver Heywood was able to
preach at Ashworth ' for one part of the
day' ; Diaries, i, 259.

86 Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 104.

8? Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, 290.

88 Church P. at Chester Dioc. Reg. For
a biographical account of the curates from
1614 onward see Col. Fishwick's account
in Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xx, 33-40.
The following names are chiefly taken
from it : John Ashworth, 1614 to 1622 ;
Richard Walker, 1622 to 1625 ; Hugh
Brooks, styled ' Vicar of Ashworth,' occurs
in 1626 ; — Ramsbottom occurs 1648 ;
Henry Pendlebury, M.A. occurs 1649 ;
— Leigh occurs 1652 ; Abraham Ash-
worth, B.A., 1665 to 1674 and later.
Benjamin Hollinworth, of St. John's
College, Cambridge, was there in 1686;
Visit. P. at Chester.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

1821 Joseph Selkirk

1832 David Rathbone

1871 John Fish, M.A. (T.C.D.)

1883 Francis Edwin Waldie

1904 Thomas Earl Floyd

The church was nearly rebuilt in 1789, and was
enlarged in 1837. It had a separate district assigned
to it in i867.39

AINSWORTH

Euenesworth, 1243 ; Aynesworth, 1332.

Ainsworth lies about 6 miles west-north-west of
Middleton Church ; it is quite separated from Great
Lever by the townships of Little Lever and Darcy
Lever in Bolton, and from the rest of the parish by
Radcliffe, and portions of Bury. It measures about
2 miles from north to south, and over a mile
across. The area is 1,308^ acres.1 It is an upland
slope ; the highest ground, over 500 ft., is in the
northern half of the township, near the centre of
which are situate the village and church. The eastern
side is known as Cockey Moor, part of the moor being
in Radcliffe. Blackshaw Brook forms the boundary
on the west. The population in 1901 numbered
1,718.

The principal road is that from Bolton to Bury,
passing through the southern end of the township.
A more northerly road between the same places passes
through the village, and runs across Cockey. The
Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's Bolton and
Bury line crosses the southern corner of the town-
ship, where it has a station called Bradley Fold.

A bronze celt and Roman coins have been found
on Cockey Moor.

This moor was a mustering place for the Royalist
troops in 1642.*

The soil is light, overlying gravel ; wheat, oats, and
potatoes are grown, and some land also is devoted to
pasture. Cotton weaving is pursued, also bleaching
and dyeing. ' Mr. John Wilson of Ainsworth, origin-
ally a fustian manufacturer, produced several ingenious
inventions by which he brought cotton velvets to the
utmost perfection ; he also procured from the Greek
dyers of Smyrna the secret of dyeing Turkey red.' 3
Stone quarries are worked.

In 1666 there were fifty-one hearths liable to the
tax, but no house had as many as six hearths.4

The township was in 1894 extended to include
the rural part of Elton.5 It is governed by a parish
council. A small recreation ground and gymnasium
was presented to the township in 1902.

JINSWORTH was a member of Mid-
M4NORS dleton Manor, and the earliest notice of
it is in the grant of land there to Cock-
ersand Abbey, made by Roger de Middleton about
1 2OO.6 It is usually mentioned with other portions of
the manor in settlements and inquisitions/ and has de-
scended to the Earl of Wilton.8

Ainsworth gave a surname
to a local family, one of whom,
by marriage with Maud de
Middleton, held the principal
manor for many years.9 The
Ainsworth family, settled at
Pleasington, continued to hold
land in Ainsworth till the be-
ginning of the 1 7th century.10
An estate in Ainsworth,Breight-
met, and Harwood was in
1588 sold or mortgaged by

AINSWORTH of Pleas-
ington. Azure three
spades -within a bordure

*» Land. Gaz. 21 May 1867. The en-
dowment was in 1833 said to be derived
from £800 private gift, £1,000 royal
bounty, and £300 Parliamentary grant.

1 The census report of 1901 gives
1,460 acres, including 18 of inland water.
The increase is accounted for by the
extension in 1894.

s Stanley Papers (Chet. Soc.), iii, p.
Ixxi.

8 E. Butterworth, Middleton, 57.

4 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

5 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 31671 ; the
extreme western end of Elton was the part
added.

6 Cockersand Chartul. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
733. The bounds were — Murbrook from
the deep moss, Mucklebrook, and the syke
from Balshaw.

7 e.g., Lanes. Inq, p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 105.

8 On the partition of the Middleton
and Radcliffe estates about 1780. The
land tax returns of 1787 (at Preston)
show that then Lord Grey de Wilton
owned the greater part of the township.

9 See the account of the manor of
Middleton.

William son of Robert de Ainsworth,
about the end of the reign of Henry III,
granted an pxgang of land here to Roger
de Barlow ; and added another oxgang, as
well as a toft, with houses and meadows
belonging thereto ; Harl. MS. 2112, fol.
172/208. Maud, the sister of William
de Ainsworth, released her claim in the 2
oxgangs to the same Roger de Barlow ;
ibid.

Robert de Ainsworth in 1324 gave land
in Ainsworth to Robert his son and heir
on his marriage with Isabel daughter of
Richard de Woolston ; Towneley MS.
GG, no. 1690. Robert son of Robert de
Ainsworth occurs in 1353 ; Towneley
MS. DD, no. 2219. John son of Robeit
de Ainsworth and Maud his wife received
land at Stakehill in 1342 ; GG, no. 1755.
It is perhaps a different John son of Robert
who, with Agnes his wife, is mentioned in
1398-9 ; DD, no. 2207-12.

John son of John de Ainsworth and
Robert de Pilkington (who had married
the younger John's daughter Katherine)
in 1383 became bound to James de Rad-
cliffe ; a warning had been published from
the pulpit of Walton Church ; GG, no.
1840. The younger John, who lived at
the Peak, by his wife Ellen (no. 1843,
2055) had a son Alexander; and Alex-
ander in 1419 made a settlement of lands
at Mellor in Derbyshire on his son (by
Margaret ' Walklate ') Hector, who mar-
ried Margaret daughter of William de
Clayton; no. 2007, 1784, 2064. Hec-
tor, probably illegitimate, afterwards sold
his lands to Richard son of Robert de
Pilkington ; no. 2033.

Another Robert de Ainsworth attested
a Droylsden charter about 1250 ; Byron
Chartul. no. 25/5. John de Ainsworth
was among the witnesses of a Farnworth
grant in 1295; Lever Chartul. no. 54.
Ellis son of John de Ainsworth was de-
fendant in a claim by John de Barton and
Agnes his wife in 1324; De Banco R.
252, m. 43 d. Ellis de Ainsworth con-

ISO

tributed to the subsidy of 1332; Exch.
Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 36.

Ellis Ainsworth is named in 1411 ;
DD, no. 2216. James Ainsworth of Mid-
dleton occurs in 1443 ; PaL of Lane. Plea
R. 5, m. 6b. Lawrence Ainsworth in
1460 complained that Nicholas Longford
and others, including Hugh, Geoffrey and
Robert Ainsworth, had disseised him of
his free tenement in Ainsworth ; Pal. of
Lane. Writs of Assize.

Robert Ainsworth in 1543 complained
that the lands called the Wood and
Marled Earth, through which ran 'a
brook and other little pirls ' of water,
had been damaged by certain persons —
Lawrence Bradshaw of Breightmet, Joan
widow of Thomas Ainsworth of Breight-
met, &c. — having diverted the water
courses ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 176. Robert Ainsworth
appears as plaintiff or defendant in other
suits about the same time ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), ii, 82, 77 ; i, 232, 262.
Giles and Thomas Ainsworth occur in
1580 ; ibid, iii, 87. Giles and Robert
Ainsworth were freeholders in 1600 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 248.

10 Thomas Ainsworth of Pleasington,
who died 1613, held three messuages, 60
acres of land, &c., in Ainsworth of Sir
Richard Assheton in socage and by yd.
rent ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.), i, 247.

A Richard Ainsworth died in 1629,
holding lands in Pleasington and Ains-
worth ; Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), 7.

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

Thomas Ainsworth to Ralph Booth,11 whose estate
descended to his nephew Geoffrey Lomax in 1622."

Other resident families were named Aspinall,13
Harper,14 and Openshaw.14 Robert Horrox of Ains-
worth having declined knighthood compounded in
1 63 1.16

About 1514 there was a dispute between the lords
of Middleton and Radcliffe as to the right of turbary
on Cockey Moor.17

The land tax returns show that Sir Thomas Eger-
ton owned most of the land in 1783. Mrs. Ann
Baron was the other owner.18

An inclosure award for Radcliffe and Ainsworth
was made in i8i2.19

A chapel existed at Cockey Moor in
CHURCH 1515,*° and probably continued in use
after the Reformation.81 In 1620 it had
a special curate or lecturer." Just before 1650 it was
endowed with a small piece of land improved from
the common, and had a regular minister, supported

by the offerings of the people." Though the minister
is stated to have been 'turned out' in 1662," the
building appears to have remained in possession of
Nonconformists for nearly fifty years after this.25
In 1718 Bishop Gastrell found that the rector of
Middleton preached there once a month ; other Sun-
days it was vacant.*6 Some endowments were secured.*7
The registers begin in 1727. The chapel, now
called Christ Church, was rebuilt in 1832, and had
a separate ecclesiastical parish assigned to it in 1867 ;19
the rector of Middleton is patron. The following
have been curates and vicars : —

1725. James Wylde, B.A. (Magdalen Hall,

Oxford) »

1759 ]ohn Barlow, B.A.

1768 Robert Deane, B.A.

1799 James Archer 30

1828 John Haughton, B.A.

1836 Richard Heslop31

11 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 50,
m. 29 ; the transaction included twenty-
seven messuages, a water-mill, 200 acres
of land, &c. Thomas Ainsworth died at
Ainsworth 26 May 1594, holding mes-
suages and land there of Richard Assheton
of Middleton in socage by a rent of \%d.
His heir was his nephew Robert son of
his brother Peter Ainsworth, aged twenty-
seven ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, 8.
The fine is recited in the inquisition.

The purchaser or mortgagee was the
son of Ralph Booth, who died in 1567,
holding three messuages, &c., in Ains-
worth, partly of the queen by knight's
service, and partly of Richard Assheton by
a rent of 2s. yearly. Alice widow of
Ralph, father of Ralph Booth, died in
1580 ; while Anne widow of Ralph died
in 1574; Ralph, the son and heir, was
twenty-two years of age, probably in
1584, when the inquisition was taken;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, 75.

Thomas Ainsworth, vendor or mort-
gagor, died at Ainsworth on 26 May 1594,
holding seven messuages, &c., in Ains-
worth, anH fourteen messuages, water-
mill, &c., in Breightmet and Harwood ;
the former of Richard Assheton in socage,
by a rent of i8</. yearly, and the latter of
the queen. His heir was his nephew
Robert son of Peter Ainsworth ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, 8. See an
entry in Pat. 7 Jas. I, pt. 26, for lands in
Ainsworth, Breightmet, and Harwood.

12 Roger Booth died at Ainsworth in
1622, holding three messuages, &c., of
Ralph Assheton of Middleton, by a rent of
zs. and a pair of gloves ; and 1 1 acres of
the king by the 3Ooth part of a knight's
fee. The heir was his nephew Geoffrey
Lomax, son and heir of Alice Holt, the
sister of Ralph, then aged thirty-six ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 306.

18 John Aspinall of Ainsworth was a
freeholder in 1 600 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 250.

14 John Harper was a defendant in
1549 touching common of pasture on
Cockey Moor; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
i, 232. A later John Harper died in
1638, holding a messuage, &c., in Ains-
worth of Ralph Assheton of Middleton in
socage ; John his son and heir was thirty
years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xxx, 74.

13 About 1480 Richard Openshaw, 'heir

of the Shaw,' took an encroachment on
Cockey Moor, which twenty years later de-
scended to his son John. After John's death
his brother James occupied the same, for
John's son, another John, was ' out of the
country at the wars,' and did not for some
years appear to claim it ; Cockey Moor
Exam. 1 8. The house of John Open-
shaw in 1515 was beside the meeting of
the boundary of three parishes — Middle-
ton, Bury, and Bolton ; ibid. 9. Lam-
well Openshaw of Ainsworth was a free-
holder in 1600 ; Miic. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 250.
18 Ibid, i, 215.

17 The depositions are printed in full in
Raines' Examination! touching Cockey Moor
(Chet. Soc. Misc. ii). It was shown that
the people of Ainsworth were considered
to be parishioners of Middleton, and paid
tithes and other dues to it. John Has-
nall, seventy-five years of age, had often
been at ' the driving of the moor,' and the
Radcliffe men had never claimed any
right upon it. On the other hand it was
shown that there had been disputes in
former times between the lords of Radcliffe
and Middleton concerning the moor.

18 Returns at Preston.

19 In accordance with the Act 49 Geo.
Ill, cap. 8.

20 Cockey Moor Exam. 1 2. The chapel
is mentioned in 1544; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), ii, 77, 82.

91 It was but scantily furnished in 1552;
Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 12. In 1580
there was a dispute as to a water corn
mill, ' late of the chantry of Cockey chapel ' ;
Ducatus, iii, 63. Camden speaks of it as
' a chapel built of timber, beset round
about with trees'; Britannia (ed. 1695),
745. It is named as 'a chapel of ease'
about 1610; Hist. MSS. Com, Rep. xiv,
App. iv, 12.

22 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 54, 66 ; Mr. William Rathbone. He
was silenced by the Bishop of Chester for
nonconformity ; Oliver Heywood was one
of his pupils ; Heywood, Diaries, i, 29,
157. An earlier minister was a Mr. Hib-
bert ; ibid, i, 20. The chapel was ' vacated
by the ejection of an Episcopal clergyman
about the year 1640, on the ground of his
being "scandalous and ignorant," but really
on his refusal to take the Covenant ' ;
Raines in Gastrell's Notitia Cestr. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 105. This seems to be an error
of Canon Raines. Richard Goodwin,

181

M.A., was minister, seemingly in succes-
sion to Rathbone, from 1641 to 1647 ;
Peter Bradshaw, ' an orthodox, able minis-
ter,' from 1647 to 1653 ; Nightingale,
Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 119; Commiv. Ch. Sur-v.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 27.

28 Ibid. The commissioners recom-
mended that it should be made a parish
church ; but nothing seems to have been
done till 1659, when further inquiry was
recommended ; Plund. Mint. Acctt. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 305. The
ministers were — Taylor, 1654-7 ; Peter
Bradshaw, 1657 to 1660; and John
Lever, 1660 (?) ; Nightingale, op. cit.

24 See the extract from the Bishop of
Chester's Act book in Notitia Cestr. ii, 105.

28 Various Nonconformist ministers
preached in it as opportunity offered — e.g.
Oliver Heywood, Henry Newcome, and
others; O. Heywood, Diaries, ii, 51, 87,
103 ; H. Newcome, Autobiography (Chet.
Soc.), 160. The Prayer-book service was
' occasionally performed on stated Sundays
in the afternoon, by the rector of Middle-
ton ' ; Notitia, ut sup. John Loxam was
the curate, 1677-86; Visit. Lists at
Chester. In 1683 Justice Greenhalgh
had 'grown unreasonable, fining people
for going to Cockey chapel, though bell
was rung, prayers read, &c. ' ; O. Hey-
wood, Diaries, ii, 223. John Compton
was the certified ' Presbyterian parson ' of
'Cockey chapel' in 1689 ; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 232. Warden Wroe
in 1706 reported to the bishop that 'the
chapel was in the hands of the Dissenters ';
Notitia, ut sup. There was, however, a
warden.

26 Notitia, ut sup.

27 Bishop Gastrell records £2 15*. aris-
ing from the 6 acres of inclosed land ; this
land was then and still is in possession of
the Nonconformists. Also the interest
of £20 for preaching two sermons ; in
1724 £100 was given by the rector, and
£100 by the Dean of St. Paul's ; Notitia.

28 Land. Gaz. 21 May 1867.

89 The Church P. at Ches. Dioc. Reg.
begin with this curate.

80 Afterwards rector of Middleton.

81 Perpetual curate of Slaley, Northum-
berland, 1831-48 ; of Otterford, Somer-
set, 1851-5 ; vicar of St. John's Park,
Sheffield, 1855 ; also simultaneous cura-
cies ; published sermons, &c. He was
suspended for drunkenness, &c., in 1842 ;
Church P. at Chester.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

1851 G. R. Carr

1857 Robert Macdonnell Evanson, M. A. (T.C.D.)

1888 John Alexander Lauria, M.A. (Emmanuel

Coll., Camb.)
1905 Alfred Wood

There is a chapel of the Methodist New Con-
nexion, built in 1 847.

The people of the district in the 1 7th century
appear to have been resolute Puritans. As stated
above the chapel at Cockey was retained by the Non-
conformists until the beginning of the following cen-
tury ; in 1715 they built a meeting house so near
the old chapel ' that the congregations might hear
one another sing psalms.' The doctrine for nearly a
century has been Unitarian.31

GREAT LEVER

Leoure, 1278 ; Leuir, 1282 ; Leuere, 1292 ;
Leuer, 1301 ; Leyver, 1560.

The isolated township of Great Lever, some
9 miles west of Middleton Church, measures over
2 miles from east to west, and has an area of 866^ acres.
It lies chiefly between two small brooks running
eastward to the Tonge, which forms the eastern
boundary. Lever proper lies in the south-eastern
portion, with Burhden to the north, and Priestcroft
to the south-west, Lever Edge stretching away to the
west. The surface is generally level, falling a little
from Lever Edge towards the north, east, and south.
The population in 1901, including that of Darcy
Lever, was 10,701.

The principal road is that from Manchester to
Bolton, passing north-west through the eastern side
of the township. Another road goes west along the
Edge. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's
railway from Manchester to Bolton runs on the west
side of the former road. The London and North-
Western Company's Worsley and Bolton branch
crosses the centre of the township, going north ; and
the same company's Bolton and Kenyon Junction
line touches the north-western boundary.

Besides collieries the industries include cotton mills

and chemical and bleach works. There are many
good residences.

The township was included in Bolton by the
Extension Act of 1898.

The hearth tax of 1666 found fifty-eight hearths
liable, of which twenty-one were in the house of ' my
lord Bridgeman ' ; no other dwelling had as many
as six.1

Though technically a hamlet of Mid-
M4NORS dleton, and held of its lord, GREAT
LEVER had always a certain indepen-
dence, and is not usually recited among the hamlets
or appurtenances of Middleton as are the rest.* Its
early history is obscure ; for a time it was held in
moieties, and a portion was granted to the priory of
Birkenhead. The tenure also is not quite clear. In
an early deed, as will be seen, a moiety of Great
Lever is said to be held of the lord of Middleton by
the fortieth part of a knight's fee, so that the whole
would be the twentieth part ; with this agrees the
rent of \\d. payable in the i6th century to the lord
of Middleton, that sum being a twentieth part of the
23*. 4<£ due from Middleton to the duchy for sake
fee and castle ward. Yet at the same time, in the
1 6th century, the tenure is stated as the eightieth
part of a fee. In a petition of the time of Edward IV
Great Lever was said to be held of the lord of Mid-
dleton by knight's service, rendering io/. to a scutage
of 4O/. — i.e. it was considered to be the fourth part
of a knight's fee.

Not far from the year 1200 Leising de Lever,
apparently the lord of Little Lever, granted to Leising
de Farnworth a moiety of the vill of Great Lever,
with common of pasture in Little Lever ; the moiety
to be held of Roger de Middleton by the service of
the fortieth part of a knight's fee.3 Descendants of
the grantor — Henry, William, and Henry — who ap-
pear to be described sometimes as * of Little Lever,'
but usually as ' of Great Lever,' continued to claim
the lordship during the I3th century,4 after which no
more is heard of them in this connexion. Leising
de Farnworth probably adopted the local surname,
and seems to have been the father of Emma de Lever,5
with whose son John the more detailed history of the
manor begins in the third quarter of the century.6

82 There is a full account of it in Night-
ingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 115-27, with
notices of the ministers, and a view of
the building. A 'new built house on
Cockey Moor* was licensed in 1672 ;
ibid. 121. The chapel has endowments
of over £250 a year ; details are given in
the Endowed Charities Report for Middle-
ton, 1901, pp. 32-6.

1 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

2 See examples in the notes to the ac-
count of Middleton ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 60-1.

8 Lever Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103, a
Towneley MS.), no. 10. Leising de Farn-
worth occurs in 1 1 84 ; Farrer, Lanes. Pipe
fcff.

4 An early 13th-century deed mentions
Alward, brother of Henry, son of Leising
de Lever ; Lever Chartul. no. 207.
William son of Henry, lord of Lever,
occurs later ; ibid. no. n, 13. Henry son
of William, once called 'of Little Lever,'
occurs as lord of Lever from about 1276
to 1292 ; De Banco R. 13, m. n — in
which plea ' Little Lever ' may be an error
of the clerk's 5 Lever Chartul. no. 6. In
1276 Henry son of William de Lever

complained of the prostrating of a ditch in
Lever by William and Adam sons of John
de Lever; Assize R. 1238, m. 34 d. A
William de Lever took part in an inquisi-
tion in 1288 ;Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 268.
It is possible that Leising de Lever was lord
of the whole of Great Lever, and that
after granting half to Leising de Farn-
worth he retained the other half, which
descended to Henry, William, and Henry,
and then came to the hands of Robert de
Middleton. A William de Lever occurs
in the I4th century, but his parentage is
not known.

6 That Emma de Lever was the daugh-
ter of the Farnworth and not the Lever
Leising seems probable from the fact that
her descendants had lands in that town-
ship, as may be seen in the account of it.

6 William the Tailor and Eve his wife
complained in 1246 that John son of
Emma and Thomas the Miller had, by
erecting a mill in Lever, ousted them from
a portion of their land. The jury agreed
that a fourth part of the mill should be
destroyed, allowing William and Eve to
regain their right ; Assize R. 404, m. I.
The same plaintiffs also called upon John

182

son of Emma to warrant to them an ox-
gang and a half of land in Lever ; ibid.
m. 2.

About the same time an agreement was
made between Adam son of Matthew de
(Little) Lever on one side and William
son of Henry de (Great) Lever, John son
of Emma of the same, and William the
Tailor on the other side, respecting the
mill of Great Lever with the fishery
there ; Lever Chartul. no. 13, 14. Later,
John de Lever granted to his son Adam
the Clerk all his land and right in Great
Lever, with wards, reliefs, and all appur-
tenances ; ibid. no. 17.

In 1256 the sheriff was ordered to
make a perambulation between the land
of Adam de (Little) Lever in Little Lever
and that of William son of Henry, John
son of Emma, and William son of Thomas
in Great Lever ; Close, 40 Hen. Ill,
m. 12 d.

In Oct. 1278 John de Lever appeared
to answer a claim to 41. rent ' in Middle-
ton ' made by Henry de Lever ; De Banco
R. 27, m. 36 d. He must have died
shortly afterwards, for a year later Alice
widow of John de Lever claimed dower

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

Adam, the son of John de Lever, succeeded. He
made considerable additions to the paternal lands,
more especially in Farnworth.7
He had several lawsuits, parti-
cularly with Henry de Lever,
but was usually successful.8
He was followed about 1310
by his son John,9 who, dying
about the same time, left as
heir a son Adam, under age.
Roger de Middleton, as su-
perior lord, in 1313 granted to
William de Charnock the edu-

_ . . . . . LIVER of Lever. Ar-

cation of the heir, promising gent twg hendht^ the up.

him 2OS. a year towards Adam's per one engrailed, table.

keep, and engaging to supply clothing.10 This was
probably the Adam de Lever who was killed, with
twenty-six others, in the disturbances at Liverpool on
the day after Ash Wednesday 1345, during the visit
of the king's justices.103 Adam had a son John, living
about 1356 to 1370 of whom nothing of note is re-
corded.11 John's son, Adam the younger, obtained
the Pilkington lands in Great Lever, thus becoming
sole lord of the manor ; 12 and by his marriage with
Margaret Cundcliffe added lands in Anderton to his
patrimony.13

Adam had two sons, William " and Henry. The
former, who died about the end of 1447, left a son
Adam as heir ; a minor, but married to Joan daughter
of William Garnet.15 Adam died early, leaving a

against Roger the Clerk of Farnworth,
holding messuages and land in Great
Lever ; against Roger son of Meredith,
John son of Adam de Kearsley, and
Richard Pierpoint, also tenants of Great
Lever; De Banco R. 31, m. 55. Roger
the Clerk was probably a son of John de
Lever ; Lever Chartul. no. 46. Richard
son of Margaret de Lever granted an ox-
gang of land in Lever to John son of Roger
de Lever ; ibid. no. 36(2). John appears to
have been killed accidentally about 1279
by William son of Jordan de Burnden ;
Cal. Close, 1272-9, p. 522.

7 See the account of Farnworth in
Deane.

William son of Adam de (Great) Lever
released to Adam son of John de (Great)
Lever all his land and right in the vill of
Great Lever, with homages, services in
waters and mills, reliefs, &c. ; Lever
Chartul. no. 18. Ellis de (Little) Lever
granted to Adam son of John de (Great)
Lever all his part of the mill and fishery
about which dispute had again arisen, for
the rent of a rose ; ibid. no. 26. In 1292
Roger son of William the Tailor granted
to Adam de (Great) Lever and Amice (or
Avice) his wife all his land in Great
Lever ; ibid, no 51. Adam was still liv-
ing in 1310 ; ibid. no. 78.

Adam son of John de Lever was one of
the jurors in the Grelley inquisition of
1282 ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 244.

8 In 1284 Adam de Lever unsuccess-
fully claimed certain land against Henry
de Lever and Henry and John de Burn-
den ; Assize R. 1268, m. 19.

Eight years later Henry de Burnden
was plaintiff, asserting that Adam son of
John de Lever and Henry de Lever had
disseised him of his common of pasture in
30 acres of arable land after the corn had
been carried away, and his reasonable
estovers in 5 acres of wood (as in house-
bote and heybote, to build, burn, and
fence) and in 3 acres of turbary in Mid-
dleton. The defendants alleged that the
land was in Lever, not in Middleton ; the
jury said it was in Middleton, but gave a
verdict for the plaintiff only in respect of
the turbary ; Assize R. 408, m. 9 d. At
the same time Adam de Lever was able
to refute the claim made by Henry de
Lever for certain customs and services in
respect of the free tenement held of Henry
in Middleton ; ibid. m. 44. Henry de
Lever also claimed certain small parcels
of land and the moiety of a water-mill in
Middleton against Adam de Lever. He
failed as regards the land, which had been
required for an enlargement of the mill,
but succeeded in the other claim, the jury
deciding that Henry and Adam were par-
ceners of the vill of Middleton, Adam

claiming to be ' chief lord of the moiety
of the vill ' ; ibid. m. 29 d. In these cases
it is noticeable that ' Middleton ' is used
for ' Lever in Middleton.' The other Lever
was in Bolton. Henry de Lever also failed
in his claim for 14^. rent from Adam de
Lever, John and Roger his sons, and
others ; ibid. m. 68d. A rent of 14^. was
later paid by the lord of Great Lever to
Middleton. Henry was nonsuited in
another claim against Adam ; ibid. m. 76.
Adam was successful in another suit ;
ibid. m. 93 d. Adam son of John de
Lever and Avice his wife were defendants
in 1 295 ; Assize R. 1 306, m. 20.

Adam de Lever, John his son and
Agnes his wife, and Roger and Adam
other sons, were plaintiffs in 1301, and
the three former in 1305 ; Assize R. 1321,
m. 3 ; 420, m. 8. No details are given
of these cases.

9 John son of Adam is mentioned in
the preceding note. He also occurs in
the Lever Chartulary. About the same
time there was another John de Lever
(son of John) in Farnworth.

10 Lever Chartul. no. 79. In 1318
John son of John de Lever released all
his claim to lands in the hamlets of Great
Lever and Farnworth to Adam son of
John son of Adam de Lever ; ibid. no. 83.

Adam therefore had probably attained
his majority. He married Agnes daughter
of Henry de Hulton of Farnworth, and in
1326 a moiety of the manor of Great
Lever and three-fourths of the manor of
Farnworth were settled upon him, with
remainders to their children — John, Roger,
and Aline ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 62, 63.

In 1329 William de Lever leased to
Adam for life the mill of Great Lever, but
William was to have his corn ground free
of multure and to be hopper free ; Lever
Chartul. no. 89. Agnes widow of John
son of William de Lever recovered dower
in a mill in Middleton in July 1352
against John [de Lever] son of Agnes de
Hulton ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 2, m. 2.

10a Cal. Pat. 1343-5, pp. 495, 499;
Coram Rege R. 344, m. 8 ; 348, m. 22.

11 John son of Adam de Lever occurs
in Farnworth deeds of 1356 and 1368;
his brother Henry occurs also at the
former date ; Lever Chartul. no. 96-100.

13 Ibid. no. 101 ; see further below.

18 Ibid. no. 109, 112. As Adam de
Lever the elder he occurs in 1417 and
1423 ; ibid. no. 113, 115.

14 In 1420 Adam de Lever, Margaret
his wife, and William the son of Adam
made an exchange of lands in Anderton with
the Anderton family ; ibid. no. 1 14. In
1423 Adam de Lever enfeoffed Richard de
Pilkington of Blackrod and John his

brother of all his lands in Lancashire ;
and in 1432 the feoffees released to William
de Lever all their right in Adam de
Lever's lands, &c. in Great Lever in the
vill of Middleton, in the hamlet of Farn-
worth in the vill of Barton, and in the
vill of Anderton in Leylandshire ; ibid,
no. 115, 119. A further release was
given in 1442 ; ibid. no. 134-6.

William de Lever appears to have had
two illegitimate sons — Ralph and Law-
rence— to whom he made various grants,
and a daughter Margaret, contracted in
marriage in 1437 to John Byrom of
Byrom ; ibid. no. 120, 129, 155; 124,
126-8. From the deeds cited it does not
appear that William had then any legiti-
mate issue except Margaret, but the son
Adam must have been born shortly after-
wards, as he was married in 1445.

At Michaelmas 1437 William granted
to Lawrence, for life, the manor of Great
Lever, with the demesnes and lands called
Brandearth, Burnden Head, and Lever
Moor, &c. at a rent of 20 marks ;
ibid. no. 129. In the following April he
made a general feoffment of his lands,
rents, services, &c. in Lancashire to Sir
Robert de Harrington and Edmund de
Pilkington ; ibid. no. 131. He may have
married a second time.

In 1442 William de Lever, Alice his
wife, and Lawrence de Lever granted
leases of lands in Great Lever and Lever
Edge ; ibid. no. 137, 138. Three years
later he granted to feoffees, who included
William Garnet the younger, the site of
his manor of Lever, with its gardens, &c.
and Starkcliff adjoining, meadow and pas-
ture called Near and Further Lever Eeas
(Eghes) and Warths, with the water-mill
and fulling mill ; Lawrence Lever joined
in another grant to the feoffees, and re-
ceived certain lands from them ; ibid,
no. 146-50.

15 The feoffees immediately (5 Nov.
1445) granted certain of the lands of
William Lever to Joan daughter of
William Garnet, with remainder to Adam
son of William Lever, who had married
Joan ; and then to Roger brother of
Adam; ibid. no. 151-4. William Garnet
paid no marks for the marriage; ibid.
no. 159, 169. There are many other
deeds relating to this marriage. In the
following April William, Ralph, and Law-
rence Lever granted to the feoffees the
water-mill of Lever with the rydell and
watercourse ; but Ralph was to receive an
annuity from it until Adam the son of
William should attain the age of fourteen ;
ibid. no. 158.

William Lever and Alice his wife were
living in Aug. 1447; ibid. no. 169, 175.
William died before 28 Jan. 1447-8 on

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

daughter and heir Margaret, only two years of age.
Sir Ralph Ashton of Middleton, the superior lord,
married her to his younger son Ralph, who thus
became lord of Great Lever. This transfer to the
Ashtons did not take place without persistent opposi-
tion on the part of the Lever family. Sir Ralph
Ashton, however, in 1467 proved his right to the
wardship against Roger Lever son of William and
uncle of the heiress. Not long afterwards Roger
Lever and a party of his kinsfolk and friends assembled
at Lancaster and took the record of the recovery from
its place of keeping in the castle ; whereupon in 1472
Sir Ralph petitioned Parliament that his right might
be safeguarded in spite of the loss of the record. In
the suit referred to it was stated that Adam Lever
had held the manor of Great Lever of Richard Barton
of Middleton by knight's service ; that his daughter
and heir Margaret being under age the custody of
the manor belonged to Richard, and after his death
to his executors ; then to Sir Ralph Ashton of Middle-
ton. In 1479-80 Roger Lever, called 'of Bolton,'
received a pardon for any offences he might have
committed ; it appears that he was outlawed for
murder. The violence was not all on one side, for
in 1469 an agreement was made between Sir Ralph

Ashton and Thomas Pilkington ; the latter was to
capture Roger Lever, and if Roger were slain Sir
Ralph would bear half the damage or would petition
the king to interfere should the death be adjudged a
murder. After Roger's death a claim was made to
the Anderton estate on behalf of the heir male, a
descendant of the above-named Henry son of Adam
Lever ; but the Ashtons of Lever established their
title.16

Ralph Ashton, who, as
stated, acquired the manor
with his wife, was followed in
regular descent by five Ralphs
in succession.17 The last of
them, who was also seated at
Whalley, was created a baro-
net in i6zo.18 He sold Great
Lever and the adjoining es-
tates to Bishop Bridgeman in
i629,19 and the manor has
descended to the present Earl
of Bradford. Bishop Bridge-
man, of whom an account will be found among the
rectors of Wigan, resided at Great Lever after his
purchase, rebuilding the hall and domestic chapel.?0

BRIDGEMAN, Earl of
Bradford. Sable ten plates
in file, on a chief argent
a lion passant of the fold.

which day William Garnet the elder agreed
to submit all disputes between himself and
Henry Lever the elder, and Giles and
Henry his sons, who claimed a rent of
25*. from Great Lever as belonging to the
manor of Little Lever. From the deeds
it appears that William Lever was dead ;
his widow Alice is mentioned ; and his
son Adam, a minor, had married Joan
Garnet; ibid. no. 176-8. Alice the
widow shortly afterwards married John
Hulme ; ibid, no 181.

A charter by William Lever of Great
Lever to Adam his son and male issue,
with remainder to Roger, another son,
grants all his lands in Great Lever, Lady-
halgh in Anderton, and Farnworth ; it is,
however, dated in 1452 ; ibid. no. 182.
Towneley may have copied the date
wrongly, but it is the same in Dodsworth,
cxlii, fol. 143.

16 There are in the Chartulary numerous
deeds relating to these disputes ; some are
printed in Roll: of Part, vi, 34, 1 8 1 . There is
a record of the suit of 1466 in Co. Placita,
Lanes, no. 32 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 30,
m. 9.

In June 1466 the executors of Richard
Barton (of Middleton) released to Sir Ralph
Ashton their claim to the wardship and
marriage of Margaret daughter and heir of
Adam Lever ; Chartul. no. 183. In
May 1467 Sir Ralph deputed Eleanor
Lady Stanley to receive from the sheriff
the manor of Great Lever, which he had
recovered against Roger Lever, for the
minority of Margaret daughter and heir of
Adam Lever ; ibid. no. 1 84. In the follow-
ing December Roger son of William Lever
released to Joan widow of Adam Lever
all personal actions ; ibid. no. 186.

In 1472, and again in 1477, Sir Ralph
Ashton addressed to Parliament the peti-
tions (printed in Rolls of Par/.) described
in the text ; ibid. 187, 1 8 8. In the latter
of these is the statement, derived from
the record of the recovery of 1466, that
Great Lever paid 101. to a scutage of 40^.
and 4</. (? 14^.) to the lord of Middleton.
The pardon to Roger Lever is no. 193 in
the chartulary ; and the agreement as to
his capture no. 224.

In 1478, by arbitration, Great Lever

was awarded to Ralph Ashton (son of
Sir Ralph), but Roger Lever (son of Alison)
was to have Ladyhalgh for life ; ibid,
no. 227. The later suits by the heir male,
Giles Lever, set out the claim fully ;
no. 219, 220, 221.

Part of Roger's defence in 1466 was
that he held jointly with Thomas Pilking-
ton and Alice wife of Sir Robert Tempest.
Sir Richard Tempest was a plaintiff in
1483 respecting lands at Great Lever ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 57, m. 2 d.

17 Margaret, the heiress, married Ralph
Ashton, and lived with him at Fryton in
Yorkshire ; but she died young, about
1483, leaving a son Ralph I, of tender
years; ibid, no 219 (ii). Ralph Ashton
the younger, of Lever, agreed to an arbi-
tration with Giles son of Adam Lever in
1509 ; ibid. no. 210.

Ralph Ashton II, called Richard by the
herald, said to be the son of the last-
named Ralph, recorded a pedigree in
1533 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 206. He had
married Margaret daughter of William
Orrell of Turton, and had children, Ralph,
Richard, and Ellen. His brother Richard
acquired the site and some of the lands of
Whalley Abbey. It was probably this
Ralph Ashton who was engaged in various
local inquiries in the reigns of Hen. VIII,
Edw. VI, and Mary ; see also Ducatut
Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 161, 274, 275. He
was probably also the Ralph who repre-
sented Liverpool in the last Parliament of
Edw. VI, 1553 ; Pink and Beaven, Parl.
Repre. of Lanes. 1 80.

Ralph Ashton III, called John in the
printed yisit. (Chet. Soc.), 28, succeeded.
He was born about 1523 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 86. He married
Alice Hulton of Farnworth, who survived
him, and after his uncle Richard's death
succeeded to Whalley. He died in Aug.
1587, holding the manor of Great Lever,
with messuages, water-mill, &c. and the
tithes, of Richard Assheton of Middleton
by the eightieth part of a knight's fee and
a rent of \\d. ; also lands in Farnworth,
Worsley, and Bolton. Ralph, his son and
heir, was thirty-five years of age ; ibid,
xiv, 90. He served as sheriff of the
county in 1578-9 ;P.R.O. List, 73.

184

Ralph Assheton IV died in May
1616, holding the manor of Great Lever,
with messuages, water-mill, lands, and
tithes in the place ; other lands in Farn-
worth and neighbouring townships ; the
manor of Ladyhalgh in Anderton ; the
manor of Whalley, and lands there and in
Yorkshire. The tenure of Great Lever
is stated as in the previous inquisition. In
1604 a settlement of Ladyhalgh had been
made in favour of Ralph Assheton son of
Ralph and Dorothy his wife daughter of
James Bellingham of Levens ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 286-
290. He married Joan daughter and co-
heir of Edward Radcliffe of Todmorden
and granddaughter and co-heir of Thomas
Radcliffe of Winmarleigh ; Add. MS.
32105 (Towneley), fol. 237, 245.

He had acquired further lands in Great
Lever and the neighbourhood ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdles. 50, m. 83 ; 57,
m. 86 ; 59, m. 152. He served as sheriff
in 1593-4; P.R.O. List, 73. A pedigree
was recorded in 1613 ; Fiat, (Chet. Soc.),

45-

ld He was thirty-five years of age in
1621, when the above inquisition was
taken, and had been created a baronet in
1620. After the sale of Great Lever he
lived at Whalley and Downham. The
baronetcy became extinct in 1696, when
the estates were divided between the
Asshetons of Middleton and of Downham ;
G. E. C. Complete Baronetage, i, 149, 150.
He was sheriff of the county in 1623-4 ;
P.R.O. List, 73.

19 In August 1628 a fine was made
concerning the manors of Great Lever,
Farnworth, Kearsley, Wharton in Hul-
ton, and Whalley, Sir Ralph Assheton being
deforciant ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
1 14, no. 8. At the end of the following
year John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester,
acquired the manors of Great Lever and
Farnworth from Sir Ralph Assheton,
Eleanor his wife, and Ralph the son and
heir; ibid. bdle. 115, no. 39.

20 See Bridgeman, Wigan Ch. (Chet.
Soc.), pt. iii, for a full account of the
bishop ; also Diet. Nat. Biog.

After the rebuilding of the hall, and
partly in consequence of instructions from

SALFORD HUNDRED

MIDDLETON

His descendants, however, made little use of it,21 and
about 1760 a large part of the hall was demolished
to save the expense of repairs.22 Sir Henry Bridge-
man in 1793 obtained an Act of Parliament to enable
him to let lands in Great Lever and elsewhere in
Lancashire on building leases for 999 years.23

Great Lever Hall stands in a high situation on the
north side of the road from Bolton to Manchester,
close to the former town. The River Croal flows
on its north side along the bottom of the brow on
which the house stands, and the site is naturally a de-
fensive one, being directly accessible only from the
west.

Of the first house of the Levers and Asshetons prob-
ably little or nothing remains, the oldest part of the
present building being the work of Bishop Bridgeman,
who rebuilt the house about 1630. The building
has suffered very much from neglect and alterations.
The plan is now one of great irregularity, and the
greater part of the building is of modern construction,
with elevations of brick or stucco. The house is
divided into three portions, the oldest of which is
• used as the rectory for the parish of Great Lever.
The eastern wing is entirely modernized and used
as a Conservative Club, while a north-west wing, at
right angles to the older part of the house, has been
converted into cottages. There is nothing of interest
in the east and north-west wings, but the centre
(south-west) portion of the house, or rectory, retains
a portion of the 17th-century timber front as built by
Bishop Bridgeman, bearing his initials I.B with the
date 1631 in two ornamental panels. The rest of
the rectory portion of the house has been a good deal
altered, and is faced with brick or stucco. Opposite
the principal front across the courtyard is a detached
building containing the domestic chapel — built by
Bishop Bridgeman in 1634 and consecrated two years
later — with a house attached. The position of the
chapel would almost suggest its having been originally
situated at the east end of a former south wing of a
house built on three sides of a courtyard, but there
seems to be no record of the original hall having been
thus planned. The chapel is now entirely detached
and the court open at both ends. There has been
so much destruction and rebuilding, however, that it

is difficult to say what the plan of the house was in
Bishop Bridgeman's day. The timber front of the
rectory facing the court is about 28 ft. wide and stands
on a stone base 4 ft. high. The wall is coved at the
first floor, and there is also a cove under the gable.
There are no barge-boards to the gable, and the black
and white filling is only paint on plaster. All the
timber below, however, is genuine, including the tie-
beams of the gable. The composition escapes the
uniformity and monotony of a good deal of half-
timber work by the use of straight uprights on the
ground floor and reversed curved braces above, but
more especially by the treatment of the long windows
of thirteen lights, the sills of the three outside lights
at each end of which are higher than the rest. The
lead of the diamond quarries is very broad and painted
white, with a white fillet painted on the glass on each
side. The roofs of the old portion of the house, as well
as of the chapel, are of grey stone slates, and the chim-
neys are of red brick, one of them, the principal stack
on the south front, being of some architectural merit. '
The timber construction of the rectory house also
shows on the north side. Most of the windows have
been renewed and have moulded wood mullions, but
some, with plain chamfers, are old. The interior
arrangements are so much altered that the original
plan of the house has been quite lost. There are no
very remarkable features on the ground floor. The
rooms are low, with old oak beams running across the
ceilings, those in the kitchen being very massive and
of great length ; one of them is supported by a modern
post, presumably replacing an ancient one. The
floors both upstairs and down are very uneven owing
to sinkings occasioned by mining operations. The
dining-room has some oak panelling under the window,
and high up on the wall over the fireplace are two
small shields, one on each side, with the arms of
Bridgeman. The staircase is cramped, and is obviously
not the original one. Over the dining-room is the
library, a handsome room running across the house at
this point, and lit by a long window at each end.
This room, which is under the timber gable facing
the courtyard, is richly wainscoted on the west side
and at the two ends, the detail consisting of pilasters
and square and oblong panels, the latter along the

the king respecting the administration ot
church affairs, the bishop resided partly at
Chester and partly at Lever ; Wigan Ch.
i», 332» 334. 335- At p. 397isgiventhe
contract by which certain Wigan colliers
agreed to work the pits in the bishop's
estate at Farnworth ; he was to pay them
8</. for each quarter of coal or cannel
raised.

During the Civil War the bishop suf-
fered much for his loyal adherence to the
king. He retired to Morton Hall, near
Oswestry, and died there in 1652 ; ibid.
439-40.

21 Of Sir Orlando Bridgeman there is
an account in Wigan Ch. iii, 455-50 ;
also in Diet. Nat. Biog. He was born at
Exeter in 1608, educated at Cambridge,
called to the Bar in 1632, represented
Wigan in Parliament 1640, and adhered
firmly to the king's side in the Civil War ;
at the Restoration was created a baronet
and made Chief Baron of the Exchequer,
presided at the trial of the regicides, made
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and
became in 1667 Lord Chancellor. He
seems to have resided very little at Lever,

his legal work requiring him to live in
London or near it. He resigned the Great
Seal in 1672, and died at Teddington in
1674. See also Pink and Beaven, Part.
Repre. of Lanet. 22$ ; and G.E.C. Complete
Baronetage, iii, 26. A settlement of the
manors of Great Lever, Farnworth, and
fourth part of Bolton was made in 1658
by Orlando Bridgeman and John his son
and heir apparent ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 163, m. 124. Sir Orlando was
summoned by the heralds in 1664, but no
pedigree is recorded in Lancashire ; Dug-
dale, Vitit. (Chet. Soc.), v. His son Or-
lando, the eldest by his second marriage,
was also created a baronet in 1673.

The eldest son by the first marriage,
Sir John Bridgeman, was born at Great
Lever in 1631 ; Wigan Ch. iii, 337. He
and his descendants appear to have made
Castle Bromwich,or Weston-under-Lizard,
their chief residence ; he died in 1710.
The manor of Lever has descended as fol-
lows : — s. Sir John Bridgeman, d. 1747 ;
— s. Sir Orlando, d. 1764 ; — s. Sir Henry,
created Baron Bradford of Bradford in
Shropshire in 1794, d. 1800; — s. Sir

I85

Orlando, represented Wigan as a Tory
from 1780 to 1800, created Viscount
Newport and Earl of Bradford in 1815,
d. 1 844 ; — s. Sir George Augustus Frede-
rick Henry, 2nd earl, d. 1865 ; — s. Sir
Orlando George Charles, 3rd earl, d. 1898;
— s. Sir George Cecil Orlando, b. 1845,
the present Earl of Bradford and lord of
Great Lever. This account is from G.E.C.
Complete Baronetage, iii, 26-8 ; and his
Complete Peerage, ii, 4-5. Orlando Bridge-
man, youngest son of Sir John Bridgeman,
represented Wigan as a Tory from 1698
to 1705 ; Pink and Beaven, op. cit. 231,
232 ; see p. 237 ; also Kenyon MSS. in
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 425,
429, 442,453,455.

There was a recovery of the manors of
Great Lever and Farnworth, &c., in 1755,
Sir Orlando Bridgeman and Henry Bridge-
man being vouchees ; Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. 583, m. 4. There was another re-
covery in 1780, Henry Simpson Bridge-
man being tenant ; ibid. R. 632, m. 7 d.

22 Notitia Ces'r. ii, 99, quoting Doming?
Raebotham (1788).

38 Ibid, note by Canon Raines.

24

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

top under a classic cornice, and elaborately carved.
The fireplace has Ionic pilasters, and the whole is a
good specimen of Renaissance woodwork. The ceil-
ing is of plaster divided by beams into four bays, the
two end ones having ornamental plaster-work, and
the middle ones being plain. In the bay at the west
end of the ceiling are the arms of the see of Chester
on a large shield surrounded by strap-work with
four smaller shields, one at each corner, bearing the
arms of Bridgeman. The east wall has apparently
been rebuilt after the demolition of the part of the
house on that side, and is quite plain. Another room
on the first floor is also panelled in oak, but is less rich
in detail."

Samuel Pepys, writing under date 10 November
1662, refers to some heraldic glass in the windows
at Great Lever, but this, if it were ever placed there,
has now disappeared. There is now no painted or
heraldic glass in any of the windows of the house.*6

The chapel, which is dedicated in honour of the Holy
Trinity, is built of brick on a stone base. It stands
about 40 ft. to the south of the house, from which it
is separated by a courtyard paved with cobbles. A
stone wall at one time inclosed the court on the east
side, but this has now given way to a lattice screen.
The chapel occupies the east portion of a detached
building, the total length of which is about 5 7 ft.,
and the western half of which is a dwelling-house,
now a cottage, with a timber front to the courtyard.
The brickwork of the outer walls of the chapel is
yellow-washed, and the roof is covered with grey
stone slates. Inside the chapel is now quite bare, and
a movable wood floor has been inserted above the
original tiled one, which raises the floor level about
10 in. The interior, which measures 27 ft. in length
and 1 6 ft. 6 in. in width, is lighted at the east end
by a window of eight lights with stone mullions and
double transoms, under a four- centred arch with
external hood-moulding. The lights of the two lower
tiers have rounded heads, those in the head of the
window under the arch being plain. There is a
square-headed six-light window on each side of the
chapel, north and south, with stone mullions and
transoms, the heads of the top lights only being
rounded. The entrance is at the west end of the
north side, the doorway having a four-centred arch,
and the door being the original one of oak, nail-
studded. The glass is all plain and in square quarries.
The walls and ceiling, which partly follows the line
of the roof, are plastered. A description of the cha-
pel written87 in 1787 speaks of it as being no longer
in use, but of marriages having been solemnized there
before 1764-7. 'At the end, opposite to the altar,

to which there is an ascent of two steps,' says the
writer, ' is a gallery formerly for the use of the family,
and a bench runs round the chapel below.' The
gallery no longer remains, but its position is marked
by the coupled roof-trusses about 5 ft. apart at the
west end. The ridge of the roof does not coincide
with the centre line of the chapel, but is slightly
to the south of it, making an irregular gable at the
ends. The ends of the two roof-trusses rest on
the wall in the usual way on the south side, but on
the north they project in front of the wall and carry
the roof in the form of a penthouse further forward
over the entrance doorway. This may have served
originally as shelter to a doorway higher up in the wall,
giving access to the gallery from the outside, the
bricked-up opening of which may still be seen.
There is a door out of the chapel opposite the
entrance into the adjoining house, which may have
been originally the house of the chaplain. A bell
belonging to the chapel is still kept at the hall,
though it has not been in use for a very long time.
It may have hung from the projecting ends of the
chapel roof principals over the doorway. It bears the
inscription RAF ASH TOM cs K.

To the west of the hall is a stone boundary wall
and gateway, on the head of which are the initials of
Bishop Bridgeman (i. B.) and the date 1631, as on
the timber front of the house. Farther to the west
again was until recently one of the finest barns in
the district, with timbers of enormous size. Part of
this, however, has been demolished to make way for
a new schoolhouse, and the portion which remains
has been refaced at the end and between the timbers
in brick, but enough is left to show the strength and
massiveness of the original timber construction.

Robert son of Roger de Middleton, who may have
acquired the right of Henry de Lever,28 about 1300
granted to Sir Roger de Pilkington and Margery his
wife all his lands in Great Lever, with a moiety of
the waste.*9 In 1332 Roger de Pilkington, son of
Sir Roger, granted the same to his brother Richard.30
A later Sir Roger de Pilkington in 1378 exchanged
his lands in Great Lever with Adam de Lever the
younger, receiving from the latter certain lands in
Kearsley ; the exchange was to be for life only, but
the Pilkingtons do not seem to have had any further
interest in the township.31

BURN DEN was an estate of the priory of Birken-
head. Robert the prior granted to Siward son of
Robert the chaplain of Deane an acre in Great Lever
by the hill of Burnden, above the road from Bolton
to Lever, and land by Bolton Brook, at a rent of 6d,
on St James's Day." The Burnden family are

25 In Bishop Bridgeman's correspond-
ence, under date Aug. 1631, there is men-
tion of the birth of a grandchild in ' the
chamber next to the Lord's chamber under
the study galleiy,' in Great Lever. The
family must therefore have been living in
one part of the house (probably now de-
molished) while the nevr buildings were
in progress.

26 The passage in Pepys' Diary is as
follows : — ' By-and-by come in Mr. Swin-
fen, the Parliament-man, who, among
the discourse of the rise and fall of fami-
lies, told us of Bishop Bridgeman (father
of Sir Orlando), who lately hath bought a
seat anciently of the Levers, and then the
Ashtons ; and so he hath in his great hall
window (having repaired and beautified the

house) caused four great places to be left
for coats of arms. In one he hath put
the Levers, with this motto " Olim." In
another the Ashtons with this, " Heri." In
the next his own, with this, " Hodie." In
the fourth nothing, but this motto, " Cras
nescio cujus." ' Quoted in Bridgeman,
Wtgan Ch. iii, 331.

27 By Doming Rasbotham.

28 In 1302 Alice widow of Henry de
Lever claimed dower against Matthew son
of Henry de Lever, and against Robert
son of Roger de Middleton, respecting lands
in Middleton ; De Banco R. 141, m. 176.

29 Lever Chartul. no. 32; William de
Lever was a witness. Lands in Great
Lever were among the Pilkington estates
in 1322; Cal. Close, 1318-23, pp. 610,648.

186

so Lever Chartul. no. 91, 92 ; the former
of these grants includes half the waste, but
the latter only the fourth part.

81 Ibid. no. 101.

82 Lever Chartul. no. I ; Lever is de-
scribed as a « vill.' By another charter R.
Prior of Birkenhead gave to Gervase son
of Robert the Chaplain of Deane the house
of Alward brother of Henry son of
Leising de Lever, land between the house
of Ellis and the hill, and a moiety of
Goldrunsnape ; this last was bounded as
follows — the road between Lever and Bol-
ton, the ascent by Burnden (Bruvel Dene)
to the great oak, thence across to the syke
and to the head of Brun Hill, thence by
the valley to the waste by the thorn, and
so to the start ; ibid. no. 207.

GREAT LEVER HALL

GREAT LEVER HALL : OLD CHAPEL

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

mentioned later, but about 1300 their estate was
sold to Adam de Lever.33 Lands in Burnden were
afterwards held by a branch of the Lever family .S3a
Priestcroft also gave a surname to the family who
held it of the local lords.34

The Hultons of Farnworth had a small estate in
Great Lever,35 which in 1 6 1 1 was stated to be held
of Sir Richard Assheton of Middleton, by the hun-
dredth part of a knight's fee.36 Richard Chisnall held
land here in 1587 ;37 and Andrew Lever was a free-
holder in i6oo.38

In 1787 the Duke of Bridgewater paid half the

land tax ; Ellis Crompton and Thomas Boardman
were the other contributors.39

As already stated, Bishop Bridgeman provided a
domestic chapel at the hall, which for a time appears
to have been used by the residents, who were almost
all his tenants.40 Apart from this there seems to have
been no church or chapel in the township till recent
times. For the Church of England St. Michael's was
consecrated in 1851 ; the Earl of Bradford is the
patron of the rectory.41 St. Simon and St. Jude's,
built in igoc, is in the gift of trustees.

There is a Primitive Methodist chapel.

ROCHDALE

CASTLETON

SPOTLAND

BUTTERWORTH

HUNDERSFIELD :—
WUERDLE AND WARDLE
WARDLEWORTH

BLATCHINWORTH AND CAL-

DERBROOK
TODMORDEN AND WALSDEN

Recedham, Dom. Bk. ; Rachedale, 1242.

Excluding the large chapelry of Saddleworth, which
lies entirely in Yorkshire, the parish of Rochdale
has an area of 41,828^ acres, lying in a compact
area, measuring io£ miles from north to south, and
9 miles from east to west.1 The high moorlands
in the north and east are cloven by many streams,
descending mainly to the south and west, among

them being the Roch,8 from which the parish
takes its name. This stream rises near the Yorkshire
border, and flows south-west to join the Irwell at
Radcliffe. It is joined near the town of Rochdale by
the Beal from the east and the Spodden Brook from
the north.

The ancient divisions or townships of the parish
were Castleton (in which also stood the parish

88 William the Taylor of Lever granted
land to Jordan de Burnden, with common
of pasture, &c., of the vill of Lever ; the
land of Gervase is mentioned ; ibid. no. 2.
Flode and Agnes, daughters of Siward de
Burnden, granted to Jordan their uncle all
their land and right in Great Lever ; ibid,
no. 3. To this deed John and William of
Great Lever were witnesses.

John son of Jordan de Burnden in 1291
gold to Adam son of John de Lever that
part of his land which was held of the
Prior of Birkenhead ; ibid. no. 49.

Margery widow of John de Burnden
released (? to Adam de Lever) her right in
lands formerly held by her husband of
Adam de Lever and the Prior of Birken-
head ; ibid. no. 4. Thomas son of John
de Burnden sold all his land in the vill of
Lever to Adam de Lever; and in 1310
Robert son of John de Burnden released
his right to the lands sold by his brother
Thomas ; ibid. no. 5, 78.

883 In 1411-12 Hugh Lethor gave to
feoffees his lands in Great Lever and the
reversion of the dower of Avice widow of
John Burnden ; and the feoffees transferred
the same to Roger son of Adam Lever —
possibly the lord of the manor at the time.
Roger Lever also acquired lands in Halgh
and Tonge, Bolton, &c., between 1415
and 1432. In 1435-6 Christopher South-
worth released his right to the third part
of the lands given by Roger Lever the
elder to John Coventry, vicar of Bolton,
and Roger Ward, for the fulfilment of his
will ; which will ordained ' that the said
lands should be to the said Roger the
elder and Margaret his wife for life, and
after to Roger son of the said Margaret
and his heirs male ' 5 and in default suc-
cessively to Hector, Janet, Margaret,
Elizabeth, and Margery, brother and sisters
of Roger the younger. There is a note

in the margin : — ' This Roger the younger
was a bastard.' Later, Margaret daughter
of Roger Lever the elder gave to Adam
son of Roger Lever the younger all the
lands she had from her father in Great
Lever and Bolton. The same Adam son
of Roger in 1485-6 received further lands
in Bolton. (The above deeds were in the
possession of Adam Lever of Great Lever
in 1603 ; ibid. fol. 52.)

Giles son and heir of Adam Lever occurs
in 1506 and 1509 ; ibid. no. 208-10.
Adam the son and heir of Giles had a
dispute with Ralph Ashton respecting a
rent of 91. due for his lands in Great Lever
and the bounds ; he was a minor in 1524,
and had a brother William ; ibid. no.
211-15. The boundaries of the estate in
Burnden, consisting of two portions of
land, are given in no. 213 ; they began at
a within tree beside the Kirklands. Ralph
Ashton and his heirs were to have the
portion lying to the north of the meres
and bounds fixed by the arbitrators, while
Adam Lever and his heirs took that to the
south.

In 1593 Andrew Lever and Adam his
son sold all his lands in Great Lever and
Bolton to Ralph Assheton, but in 1599
the latter sold them lands in Bolton ; ibid,
no. 216, 218 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 55, m. 183. Andrew Lever had sold
lands in 1583 ; ibid. bdle. 45, m. 68.

84 William son of Henry de Lever
granted to William son of Robert the
land called Priestcroft, the bounds in-
cluding the road to Manchester, the Mill-
shaw Brook, and Osbornesclough, at a
rent of izd. ; Lever Chartul. no. 7. Henry
de Lever, lord of Lever, the son of Wil-
liam, made two fresh grants to William son
of Robert, or William de Priestcroft ; ibid,
no. 6, 8. William de Priestcroft granted
his land there to Alan his son ; ibid. no. 9.

John son of Adam de Lever in 1302
warranted to Alan son of William de
Priestcroft all the liberties in Great Lever
enjoyed by his predecessors ; ibid. no. 75.
Adam de Lever, apparently the father of
John, in 1302 and 1305 made further
grants to Alan de Priestcroft and Ellen
his wife ; ibid. no. 76, 77.

85 It is named in the inquisition (1508)
after the death of John Hulton in 1487,
and stated to be held of Peter Shakerley by
services unknown ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, no. 26.

86 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 468, 470.

87 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 39 ;
it is stated to have been held of the lord
of Manchester.

88 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 250. He was no doubt the Andrew
Lever mentioned in the note on Burnden.

89 Returns at Preston.

40 Wigan Ch. iii, 394, 395. In 1636
the chapel of the Holy Trinity was con-
secrated. It had 'a square table at the
upper end," and was provided with Bible,
Communion books, psalters, &c. At one
time it was used as a warehouse. About
1850 it was restored, and used as a school
from 1852 to 1862. It was also used for
a time for public worship in 1880.

41 It was declared a rectory in 1867;
Land. Ga%. 25 Jan.

1 A description of the parish boundary
made in 1609 is printed in Baines, Lanes.
(ed. 1868), i, 489. See also the survey
of the manor, 1610, as below, now in the
Free Library.

An elaborate Hist, of the Parish of
Rochdale, by Lieut.-Colonel Henry Fish-
wick, F.S.A., appeared in 1889; much
use has been made of it in the present
account.

2 The old spelling was Rach or Rached.

I87

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

church), Spotland, Butterworth, and Hundersfield.3
Their boundaries were, speaking roughly, lines drawn
to the four points of the compass from a point to
the north of the church. Afterwards Hundersfield
was parted into four townships ; while in recent years
the ancient divisions have been almost entirely
obliterated, for the township of Rochdale has been
formed in the south, Todmorden has, for administra-
tive purposes, been taken into Yorkshire, and part of
Brandwood into Bacup ; the remainder of the parish
is divided into the modern townships of Milnrow,
Littleborough, Wardle, Whitworth, and Norden.4

The population of the part of Rochdale within
the administrative county in 1901, comprising

32,532 acres, numbered 120,433; the districts
separately were as follows : — Castleton, 40,699 ;
Spotland, 19,137; Wardleworth, 20,272; Whit-
worth and Wardle, 20,918 ; Littleborough, 11,166 ;
Milnrow, 8,017.

Various prehistoric remains have been found,
chiefly in the hills ; a Roman road over Blackstone
Edge is still visible, and part of a silver statue of
Victory, coins, &c., have been found.5 The whole
parish appears to have been a single lordship in
1066 ; the date at which Saddleworth6 was separated
from Lancashire does not appear ; the Lacys added it
to their forest. There seems to have been only one
manor properly so called, but the Holts of Stubley

PARISH.

ROCHDALE

TODMORDEN

tf U N D £

BL ATCH I NWO

WITH

C A L D E R BROOK

» T Littleborougfi
f'"'

Warden £///nro<f 5***«*a»*.'WARDLEWORTHy' \t

f •• '• C

BUTTERWORTH

ioir/iot/se

8 These townships are found in the
subsidy roll of 1332, printed by the Record
Society of Lanes, and Ches.

4 The arrangement was sanctioned in
1894; it followed the lines of the exist-
ing local board districts ; see Local Govt.
Bd. Orders 31646 and 32287. Milnrow
includes the greater part of Butterworth,

with parts of Castleton and Spotland ;
Littleborough includes the whole of
Blatchinworth and Calderbrook, with
parts of Butterworth and Wuerdle and
Wardle ; Wardle is composed of part
of the old Wuerdle and Wardle, and
a small part of Butterworth ; Whit-
worth and Norden are formed out of Spot-

188

land, being its northern and central
portions.

s Fishwick, Rochdale, 3-13 j Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xvi, 171 ; xvii, 233.

6 No account of Saddleworth is given
in the present work, but considerable
materials will be found among the Raines
MSS. in the Chetham Library

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

once held a share of the inferior manor, and were the
principal resident family. A considerable part of the
land was held by the abbey of Whalley and other
ecclesiastical bodies. Thus numerous minor families
sprang up, generally ranking as yeomen, each hamlet
or farm almost affording a surname,7 and the history
of the district during the mediaeval period was com-
paratively uneventful.

The 1 6th century introduced a great change.
Rochdale was one of the towns in which the aulnager
was to have a resident deputy, according to the Act
of 1565. Camden in 1582 described it as * a market
town well frequented.' 7a Manufacturing and min-
ing industries became important ; 8 the confiscation
of the Whalley lands and the general suppression of
religious houses produced a new race of landlords,
whose number was increased by the sale of Byron
estates in the early part of the 1 7th century.9
About that time also many wastes appear to have
been inclosed. For the old tax called the fifteenth,
the townships paid thus : — Castleton, 15*. 8</. ;
Spotland, £l IJs. ; Butterworth, £i is. ; and Hun-
dersfield £i \^s. \d.t or £$ 6s. for the parish
— when the hundred of Salford had to contribute
j£4i 14*. 4^. in all.10 The county lay, fixed in
1624, provided that Castleton should pay £i ys.,
Spotland and Butterworth each £2 i8/., and
Hundersfield £4. js. — £11 izs. in all — when the
hundred paid j£ioo.u

The Protestation of 1641—2 was signed by nearly
2,100 inhabitants, ' none refusing.' lf

In addition to those who recorded pedigrees in
1664—5 it appears that Joshua and Thomas Buckley
and Edward Leigh were summoned.18

During the Civil War the people of Rochdale were
generally on the side of the Parliament,14 as might be
expected in a Puritan district. A number of the
gentry and others joined the king, but they seem to
have made peace with the Parliament early.14 The
passage from Yorkshire was guarded, by the care of
Colonel Rosworm, by a small force which could call
upon a garrison at Rochdale ; 16 but there was no
fighting within the parish. Since that time its
history is a history of the growth of its trade ; 17 the in-
vasion of 1 745 did not touch it. A volunteer force was
raised in 1 794 on account of the war with France.18

Some notion of the importance of the parish may
be gleaned from the hearth-tax returns of 1666. In
Rochdale and Wardleworth there were 228 hearths

liable ; the largest houses were those of James
Brearley (perhaps an inn), with ten hearths ; James
Scofield, nine ; Gabriel Gartside and Sarah Leach,
seven each ; Edward Lee, Robert Stringer, John
Hamer, Joshua Stansfeld, Judy Roades, Edmund
Holme, and Joseph Dearden, six each. In Spotland,
nearer side, were 156 hearths ; James Chadwick with
seven, Ellis Haslam and Thomas Baskerville with six
each, had the largest houses. In Spotland, further side,
were 150 hearths taxable, but no house had as many
as six. In Wuerdle, Wardle, and Blatchinworth were
1 99 hearths ; the largest houses being those of Robert
Holt, with eleven hearths ; Alexander Kershaw, Mary
Scholfield, and Samuel Hamer, eight each ; and
James Halliwell, six. In Todmorden and Walsden
were 94 hearths in houses with less than six hearths.
In Butterworth freehold side, 120 hearths were taxed ;
Alexander Butterworth's house had fourteen and
Samuel Newbold's nine, but no other had more than
five ; in the lordship side were 101 hearths, no house
having as many as six. In Castleton were 219 hearths ;
Robert Holt had fifteen, Henry Pigot (the vicar), and
Grace Harper seven each, and Matthew Hollas six.19
The total for the parish was 1,267 hearths.

Celia Fiennes, writing about 1 700, after describing
the crossing of Blackstone Edge, from which she sur-
veyed the country below, * as a fruitful valley, full of
enclosures and cut hedges and trees,' proceeds : ' From
the foot of this Blackstone I went to Rochdale, four
miles ; a pretty neat town, built all of stone. Here I
went to an acquaintance's house (Mr. Taylor) and
was civilly entertained. Here is a good large meeting-
place well filled ; these parts religion does better
flourish than in places where they have better advan-
tages.'*° Defoe about 1724 described Rochdale as 'a
good market town, and of late much improved in the
woollen manufacture, as are also the villages in its
neighbourhood.' n

The first stage coach to Manchester began to run
in 1790. The canal to Sowerby Bridge was opened
in 1788, and the continuation to Manchester in
1804." The Manchester and Leeds Railway was
opened in 1838.

Rochdale led the way in co-operative trading, the
Equitable Pioneers' Society having been founded in
1844"

The woollen trade has long been the staple in-
dustry ; coatings, baize, flannel, friezes, and carpets
being manufactured. Calicoes also are made, as well

"i See for instance the names of donors
and witnesses in the numerous Rochdale
charters in the Whalley Coucher (Chet.
Soc.). The court rolls, which go back to
1 3 24,and the subsidy rolls also give evidence.
Two of the latter (1381 and 1523) are
printed in Fishwick, Rochdale, 34, 36.

7» Brit. (ed. 1695), 745. Details of some
merchants' complaints of the time of Eliza-
beth are printed in Fishwick, op.cit. 40-4,
where it is shown that the hat trade was
probably established about that time.

8 An iron mine in Whitworth was
worked as early as 1338 ; and coal
mines are rmntioned in 1576 and 1585 ;
Fishwick, Rochdale, 84, 43, 24. The sur-
vey of the manor made in 1610 says
that there was ne lead mine but one coal
mine; that of 1626 records two coal
mines in Butterworth, ' very beneficial to
the occupiers ' ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
i, 109 ; xxi, 58.

' A long list of freeholders in 1600 is
printed in Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 246-51. About forty are in
Rochdale.

10 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland), 1 8.

11 Ibid. 22. At a somewhat later date
the divisions of Hundersfield were as
follows : — (i) Wardleworth, (2) Middle
Hundersfield, (3) Walsden and Todmor-
den ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), i, 8.

13 The lists are printed in full in Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 541-52.

13 Dugdale, Vint. (Chet. Soc.), T.

14 Thus Colonel Ralph Assheton of
Middleton had no difficulty in obtaining
supplies in 1643 from the Rochdale people ;
' the country people furnished him with all
speed'; War in Lanes. (Chet. Soc.), 31.

15 Richard Holt of Stubley and Castle-
ton, Alexander Butterworth of Belfield, and
Gabriel Gartside of Butterworth com-
pounded.

ifio

16 War in Lanes. 43 ; Civil War Tracts
(Chet. Soc.), 146.

Col. Assheton wrote to Colonel Moore
on 1 8 March 1643-4 that 'about 5,000
Scots are come this night to Rochdale and
marching towards Sir William Brereton ' ;
Hitt. MSS. Com. Rep. x, App. iv, 71.

V A Rochdale man named Valentine
Holt is said to have joined the Young Pre-
tender at Manchester, and to have been
shot at Carlisle ; Fishwick, op, cit. 57.

18 Ibid. 60.

19 Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9, Lanes.

20 Through England on a Side-Saddle,
1 86, 187.

21 Quoted in Fishwick, Rochdale, 57 ;
some later travellers' accounts are added.
See also Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches.
ii, 17.

22 Fishwick, op. cit. 59.

28 See Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), [,498,
499-

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

as silk plush and velvet. There are foundries and
machine works. This applies chiefly to the town of
Rochdale, and in a smaller degree to Littleborough
and Todmorden ; but cotton and woollen factories
are spread all over the parish, the numerous water-
courses having been utilized by manufacturers. Stone
is obtained at Blackstone Edge, and Spotland contains
extensive quarries of flags and freestone ; there are
collieries in Spotland, Butterworth, and near Little-
borough, and chemical works at Walsden.

The following is the present apportionment of the
agricultural land : — Arable land, 484 acres ; per-
manent grass, 14,896; woods and plantations, 135.
Details are as follows : —

Castleton
Milnrow
Littleborough
Wardle . .
Norden .
Whitworth .
Rochdale

The Lower Coal Measures extend over the southern
and central portions of the parish, with some patches
of the Middle Coal Measures around the town of
Rochdale. In the eastern and western portions large
areas of the Millstone Grit Series protrude through the
Lower Coal Measures.

Some of the Byrons, lords of the manor, attained
distinction, and among the later vicars there have
been noteworthy men, but the most conspicuous of
the natives of the parish is John Bright, the famous
Radical orator. He was born, in 1 8 1 1 , at Green-
bank near Rochdale, where his father had a mill ;
entered Parliament in 1843, was a leader of the Anti-
Corn Law League, became President of the Board of
Trade in 1868, and held other offices. He died at
his residence, One Ash, near Rochdale, on 27 March
iSSg.24 His younger brother, Jacob Bright, also took
part in public affairs ; he died in 1899."

Arable

Grass

Woods, &c.

acres

acres

acres

35*

1,527

8

12

2,966

i

6

2,929

80

22

1,883

—

28

2,122

9

4

1,767

8

60

1,702

29

Roger Brerely or Brierley, founder of the lyth-
century sect of Grindletonians, is believed to have
been a Rochdale man. He died at Burnley in I637.26
The Lancashire poet, Edwin Waugh, who wrote poems
in the local dialect remarkable both for humour and
pathos, 1 8 1 7-90, is another celebrity. William Nuttall,.
d. 1840, wrote Rochdale, a Fragment?1

* Tim Bobbin ' lived at Milnrow, and the ' Whit-
worth doctors ' were famous a century ago. Canon
Raines of Milnrow was a distinguished antiquary.

The date of the rush-bearing was the third Sunday
in August at Rochdale.25 A custom of going to-
Knoll Hill or Blackstone Edge on the first Sunday in
May used to prevail.29

A club, supposed to have been Jacobite, met at
Rochdale from 1712 onwards, and called itself the
' Honourable Corporation of Rochdale.' so

Several tradesmen's tokens were issued at Rochdale
and Milnrow in the I7th century.31

The first printer known was Mark Nield, 1 796.**
The first theatre was a little earlier."

Two newspapers are now printed at Rochdale :
Observer, 1856, and Times, appearing twice weekly.3*
A weekly paper, the News, is published at Little-
borough, and three appear at Todmorden — Advertiser^
News, and Herald.

Knoll Hill, Brown Wardle, Blackstone Edge, and
other hill-tops formerly had beacons.35

The stocks at Rochdale used to be just outside the
churchyard ; on the post are cut the letters W. W.
and i666.36

In 1066 ROCHDALE was held by
MANOR Gamel, one of the twenty-one thegns of
Salford Hundred, who was free of all
customs except six ; his holding was assessed as z
hides or 1 2 plough-lands .s? A reduction was after-
wards made in this to 8 plough-lands. Before 1212
the whole manor had been given to the lord of
Clitheroe and was held by Roger de Lacy.38 It de-
scended like Clitheroe,39 and thus came to the Earls
and Dukes of Lancaster and finally to the Crown.4*
Charles I, in 1625, sold the manor to trustees for the

24 Diet. Nat. Biog.

25 Ibid.

36 Fishwick, Rochdale, 535 ; Diet. Nat.
Biog.

W Diet. Nat. Biog.

28 A. Burton, Rushbearing, 71; Har-
land and Wilkinson, Legends and Traditions,
112-20 (where the date is given as 19
August).

39 Fishwick, op. cit. 534.

80 See J. P. Earwaker in Trans. Hist.
Soc. (new ser.), iv, 93-120 ; the record
roll is printed.

81 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 90, 86.

82 Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches. i,
43, 50 ; ii, 85 ; Fishwick, op. cit. 530 ;
and in Pal. Note Bk. iv, 12.

83 Fishwick, op. cit. 530.

84 Earlier newspapers were the Recorder,
1827, and the Sentinel, 1853; they did
not continue very long ; Baines, Lanes.

i> 503, 504-

85 Fishwick, op. cit. 537.

86 Ibid. For the crosses of Rochdale
tee Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxii,
126-31.

8' See V.C.H. Lanes, i, 287. The six ex-
cepted customs were theft, heinfare,forestel,
breach of the peace, not keeping the term
set by the reeve, and continuing a fight
after oath given ; the fine for such was

40*. Gamel is supposed to be the same
man as the Gamel who in 1086 held 2
plough-lands in the hundred as one of the
knights of Roger of Poitou.

88 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 38-40. Rochdale
does not seem to have been part of the
five knights' fees of Clitheroe, and no in-
dication is given as to the time or manner
of its acquisition by the Lacys.

It may be noticed that in the early
1 3th century Rochdale is described as a
wapentake; Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.),
iii, 684. See also Lanes, and Ches. Rec.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 12 ; ii,
240, 291.

89 See the account of the honour of
Clitheroe. In 1241-2 the lands of John
de Lacy included Rochdale with the ap-
purtenances, held for 375. lod. ; Hugh de
Eland also paid ^8 ; Lanes. Inq. and Ex-
tents,!, 157.

The accounts of the lands of Henry de
Lacy in 1296 and 1305 show that the
profits of the manor amounted to about
,£24 a year ; De Lacy Comfoti (Chet. Soc.),
7, 96, 1 01-2. Part was within the
forest; ibid. 16. In 1311 the receipts
from Castleton (Rochdale) were returned
as £9 51. 6d. ; De Lacy Inq. (Chet. Soc.),
20.

IQO

40 John, Duke of Lancaster, in 1383
leased to Robert de Needham his demesne
lands in Castleton and the mill there ;,
Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks. xiv, fol. io8<f.

Henry de Lacy, in December 1281,
granted to Adam de Balshaw in fee the
serjeanty of his free court "of Rochdale in
exchange for land in Rossendale and
' Holkenheved,' at a rent of 2 marks a
year ; Byron Chartul. (Towneley MS.),
1/248. In 1298, accordingly, the 'heir of
Adam de Balshaw' paid z6s. $d. for the
bedelry ; Comfotus, 7; and in 1311 the
holder was John de Balshaw ; De Lacy
Inq. 20.

John de Balshaw, probably the same
man, in 1341 sold the bailiwick of the
serjeanty to John de Radcliffe ; Byron
Chartul. 9/249. It accordingly appears
in the Radcliffe of Ordsall inquisitions of
1380 and 1422, as held by knight's service
and a rent of 26.1. 8<f. ; at the latter date
it was stated that the outgoings exceeded
the profits ; Lanes, Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
i, 9, 148.

At Pentecost 1352 John de Radcliffe
the elder complained that the Abbot of
Whalley, one of his monks, and 'the
Parson's man ' had disseised him of the
putures pertaining to his bailiwick ; he
claimed suitable meat and drink at the

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

Earl of Holderness,41 who immediately afterwards sold
it to Sir Robert Heath, Attorney-General ; 41 and Sir
Robert first mortgaged and
then sold it to Sir John Byron
in 1638." In this family it
remained44 until in 1823 Lord
Byron the poet sold it to James
Dearden,44 whose grandson,
Mr. James Griffith-Dearden,
is the present lord of the ma-
nor.46 Manor courts are still
held at Whitsuntide.47

There appears to have been
no manor-house in Rochdale,
the house so called, a red-brick
building of no architectural distinction, on the north
side of the river opposite the town hall, being rightly
styled the Orchard.48 This house was described as a
new building in 1702, and was the residence of the
Deardens before they purchased the manor.

Of more interest was the structure known as the
Great House, or Amen Corner,49 a stone building 50

BYRON. Argent three
bendlett enhanced gulet.

which stood a little to the east of the Orchard, but was
pulled down in 1 9 1 o for street improvements. At the
time of its demolition it was probably the oldest house
in Rochdale, though in a very dilapidated state, and
quite surrounded by modern buildings. It was of two
stories and had a frontage facing west of about 45 ft.,
with a large projecting central bay window going up
both stories with six mullioned and transomed lights
in front and two lights on the returns on each floor.
In the I yth century the Great House stood in a large
garden which sloped down to the river. An account
of the house is extant as it stood in 1692, at which
time it was already let in several portions, one con-
sisting of 'the porch, the body of the house, the
kitchen, the brewhouse, the buttery, the little parlour,
the great parlour, the staircase, the great chamber
over the house, and the chamber over the little
parlour,' together with 'a place to lay coals in ' and
* a garden of eight falls.' A second portion contained
' three chambers in the Great House ' ; two other
chambers formed a third, and the rest of the rooms
a fourth.51 It is clear, therefore, that the house was

abbot's table every Friday at noon and at
supper and at breakfast the following
(Saturday) morning for two of his under-
bailifts, and other putures on two other
days in the year ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 2, m. 4. In 1360 an agreement was
made ; John de Radcliffe renounced his
right to puture in Castleton and Whit-
worth, the abbot in return paying izi. a
year ; Byron Chartul. 44/259.

John son of Sir John de Radcliffe of
Ordsall in 1427 granted the bailiwick to
Sir John de Byron for life, and in 1430
sold it outright; Byron Chartul. 4/253,
16/251. The Byrons had long held
considerable lands in the manor, as will
be seen from the township accounts ;
and from this time till the beginning of
the i /th century were usually lessees of
the manor from the Crown ; the heredi-
tary bailiwick was perhaps surrendered for
the lease. See Fishwick, Rochdale, 21-6,
where details are given of various dis-
putes with the tenant. The last lease
expired in 1619; Raines MSS. (Chet.
Lib.), ii, 68.

In 1481 the king ordered Sir John
Byron to allow Sir John Savile the younger
to occupy the manor of Rochdale, assigned
to him for ten years ; Duchy of Lane.
Misc. Bks. xix, fol. 90. In 1499 a lease
for forty years*was granted to Nicholas
Byron ; ibid, xxi, fol. 3/56 d.

41 Pat. I Chas. I, pt. 3 ; the grant in-
cluded various mines and lands in Roch-
dale, Hundcrsfield, Spotland, Castleton,
and Todmorden. The whole was to be
held in socage of the manors of Greenwich
and Enfield. See Raines MSS. ii, 68.

The sale was made originally by James I
in August 1624, as appears by a grant of
arrears of fines for copyhold lands made in
1626 to Anne daughter of Sir Thomas
Lyon ; Duchy of Lane. Misc. Bks. xxv,
fol. 86.

43 Fishwick, op. cit. 26. An inquisi-
tion on behalf of the Crown was made in
1610; the record was presented by Cap-
tain Clowes to the Rochdale Free Library,
and a brief summary by CoL H. Fishwick
appears in the Rochdale Literary and Scien-
tific Society's Transactions, 1903. Castle-
hill was held of the king by Gabriel
Taylor at a rent of 6s. 8</. Details of
the Hospitallers' rents are given. There
is an account of the common lands, and

of the approvements recently made. The
market was held ' usually every Monday ';
the fairs on 3 May, Whit Tuesday, and
28 October. There was no lead mine,
but coal mines existed on Featherteam
Common near Crook, at Trough in Spot-
land, Brown Wardle, Butterworth Com-
mon, and Micherden Clough in Walsden ;
and stone quarries in Brown Wardle,
Middle Hill, and Farrett Moss. The
court leet was held twice a year, and
another court was held several times in
the year, but there was no manor-house ;
and the king had no mill. The account
of the copyhold lands is added. ,

A detailed survey of the manor was in
1626 made for Sir Robert Heath, a copy
of which may be seen in Raines MSS. xxi.
For a recovery of the manor in 1636 see
Com. Pleas Recov. R. East. 12 Chas. I,
m. 15.

43 Fishwick, op. cit. 27. Inquiries as to
the boundaries made from 1637 to 1639
may be seen in Raines MSS. i, 145 ;
ii, 74; Duchy of Lane. Spec. Com. no. 1178.

The earlier history of the Byron family
will be found in the account of Clayton in
Droylsden. After the sale of Clayton
they retained Royton for a time, but this
was sold about 1622 and afterwards the
family had no residence in Lancashire.

Sir John Byron, the purchaser of Roch-
dale, was an active partisan of the king
in the Civil War, and in 1643 was created
Baron Byron of Rochdale. An account
of him will be found in Collins, Peerage
(ed. 1779), vii, 129-36. He died in
1652 in France, and was succeeded by his
brother Richard, in virtue of the limita-
tions in the patent. See also Diet. Nat.
Biog.

The manor of Rochdale shared in the
sequestration of the Byron lands by the
Commonwealth authorities; Fishwick, op.
cit. 27.

44 For the descent see Collins, loc. cit. ;
and G.E.C. Complete Peerage, ii, 98-100.

The following fines and recoveries of
the manor may be given for reference :
In 1703 William (4th Lord Byron) Baron
of Rochdale, and Elizabeth dowager
baroness, were deforciants in a fine re-
specting the manor of Rochdale, with its
courts leet, courts baron, &c. ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 250, m. 120. In
1744, in a recovery of the manor, Wil-

191

liam (5th) Lord Byron was vouchee ; Pal.
of Lane. Plea R. 561, m. 3. In a re-
covery in 1773 William Byron, esq., was
tenant; ibid. 6 1 8, m. 8 ; Com. Pleas,
Recov. R. Trin. 13 Geo. Ill, m. 136.

45 The particulars are given in Fish-
wick, op. cit. 29, 30. The sale was
hastened by a long suit between the Byrons
and Deardens as to the right of getting
coal.

46 For pedigree see Raines MSS. iii,
17, 1 8 ; James Dearden, who died in
1791, was father of James the purchaser
of the manor ; the latter, by his will of
1828, left the manor to his son James,
and died in the same year. The son, a
barrister, died in 1862, leaving by his
wife Jane Griffith a son and heir James,
who in 1865 assumed the name of Griffith
before Dearden.

The more extended pedigree recorded
at the College of Arms is printed in Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 450.

47 The rolls from 1323-5 are printed
in Lanes. Ct. R. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 16-23, 141-50. Those for 1335
and 1336 are printed by Col. Fishwick,
op. cit. 286-92 ; and in the same work
will be found copious abstracts of the later
rolls, 1566-7, and 1586-1624. Canon
Raines also made very full notes of the
rolls from 1591 to 1826 ; Raines MSS.
vii; ii, 31-7; xiv, 293-332. See also
Duchy of Lane. Ct. R. bdle. 78, no. 1006;
bdle. 78, no. 1025-7.

48 The street now of that name is so
called from the house.

49 The name of Amen Corner is said to
have arisen from the fact that in 1745
part of the building was occupied by the
parish clerk, but another explanation is
that the name arose from the proximity
of a Presbyterian meeting-house. Prob-
ably the title Amen Corner was first
bestowed on the immediate vicinity and
then transferred to the house itself.

50 In a deed of 1565 there is mention
of a house in this position ' where Robert
Garside dwelleth,' which seems to have
been the Great House (see Fishwick,
Rochdale, 523-4). The portion which was
standing till 1910, however, was of
17th-century date, and may have been a
rebuilding by Adam Gartside about 1692.

51 Fishwick, op. cit. 523, where the title
deeds are quoted.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

originally of some size, and that the building
remaining in 1910 was but a fragment.

From the survey of 1 2 1 2 it appears that the
manor was held by a number of under-tenants.
Hugh de Eland held 3 plough-lands and 2 ox-
gangs of land of Roger de Lacy, by a rent of
48*., and Roger had given the monks of Stanlaw
6 oxgangs in alms ; thus one moiety of the
manor is accounted for, and it appears from the
later survey that Hugh de Eland paid a rent of
6os. in all. Of the other moiety one-third was
granted by Roger to Robert de Flainsburch or
Flamborough in marriage with the daughter of
Robert de Liversedge, to be held by 2os. yearly;
another third was granted by Roger at the same
rent to Gilbert de Lacy with Agnes daughter of
John de Himerum or Hipperholm ; while the
remaining third was held by Roger de Thornton
and Thomas de Horbury by the same rent of 2Oj.,
making a total rent of 6o/. from this moiety.52

Each of these estates might be called a manor.
The moiety of Hugh de Eland53 descended to
the Savile family,54 and was in 1587 sold to
Sir John Byron ; " it has presumably become
merged in the superior manor purchased in 1638.
The sixth part of Robert de Flamborough was
about 1292 surrendered to his lord, Henry de
Lacy ; M the sixth part held by Thornton and
Horbury probably reverted to the lord also, as
nothing further is known of it ; 57 while the re-
maining sixth descended for some time in the
family of Lacy of Cromwellbottom,57a being sold
about 1353 to Geoffrey son of John de Holt,58
ancestor of the Holts of Stubley, and has probably
been dissipated in the sale of the estates of this
family.59

Inclosures were made in the time of Queen Eliza-
beth.60

ROCHDALE : AMEN CORNER

The Hospitallers had rents of zs. and 6d.
Rochdale mill-house.61

from

52 Inq. and Extents, i, 38-40. Each sepa-
rate township, and perhaps each then exist-
ing hamlet, was divided into moieties and
distributed among the parceners. The
following is believed to represent the
shares : — § "2 e

s

£ ti

9

^3

g-0

u

5. i

a

sl

Oxg.

Oxg.

Oxg.

Oxg.

Hugh de Eland

.

8

8

8

8

R. de Flam-

borough .

,

4

4

-

2§

R. de Thornton

|

T. de Horbury

i

_

4

4

2§

Gilbert de Lacy

4

-

4

2§

There is nothing to show how the
various partitions were effected.

58 The pedigree of the family is given in
the Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.), ii, 641 n.

Hugh de Eland was in 1296 responsible
for £7 191. 9^<£, farm of various lands
held in Rochdale ; Comfotus, 6. In 1311
John de Eland held i plough-land in Hun-
dersfield by homage and a service of 6os.
yearly. The remainder of the Eland
holding in 1212 had therefore been
granted out, but John was responsible for
the full ancient rent.

64 From inquisitions made in 1520 and
1521 it appears that one Thomas Savile
in 1421 held the manor of Foulridge with
lands and rents there, and in Rochdale,
Inchfield, Todmorden, &c., of the king as
of his duchy of Lancaster by the eighth
part of a knight's fee and a rent of
,£8 is. $d. ; his great-grandson Sir John
Savile (son of John, son of John), who

died in 1505, was succeeded by Henry
Savile his son, a minor, who was of age
in 1520; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ii,
no. ii ; v, no. 5, 32.

65 In 1551 Sir Henry Savile and Robert
Savile — believed to have been Sir Henry's
illegitimate son — made a settlement of
the manors of Foulridge, Inchfield, and
Rochdale, with houses, lands, mills, dove-
cote, &c. ; the remainders were to Robert
Savile for a week, to Anne his wife for
her life, to the same Robert and his male
issue, in default to Sir Henry Savile and
his male issue, in default to the male
issue of Thomas Savile of Lupset, de-
ceased, and in default to the right heirs
of Sir Henry ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 14, no. 223. In 1574 Robert Savile
and Anne his wife granted a messuage,
&c., in Rochdale to Peter Heywood for
thirty-two years ; ibid. bdle. 36, no. 91.
Then in 1587 Sir John Byron and John
Byron (his son) purchased from John
Savile his manor of Rochdale with lands,
&c., in Hundersfield, Butterworth, Spot-
land, and Castleton ; ibid. bdle. 49, m. 14.

46 Alice widow of Robert de Flam-
borough was plaintiff in 1246 ; Assize R.
1045, m. 53.

Robert de Liversedge seems to have
been the actual holder of the sixth part of
the manor ; he had a son Roger, whose
son and heir, Robert, resigned to Lacy ;
Whalley Coucher, ii, 706, 720.

*7 It may have been the basis of the
holdings of the Chadderton and Prestwich
families in Spotland, Ogden, &c.

192

s'a Henry de Lacy of Cromwellbottom
in 1311 paid the old rent of 20*., but his
tenement is described as no more than
' half a plough-land in Spotland ' ; De Lacy
Inq. 20. A settlement of lands in Spot-
land, Hundersfield, Butterwerth, and
Castleton in Rochdale was made in 1326
in favour of Henry son of John de Lacy
of Cromwellbottom, and Beatrice his wife f
Add. MS. 32104, no. 467.

68 In that year Geoffrey son of John de
Holt had licence to agree jarith Henry son
of John de Lacy, concerning the manor
of Rochdale ; and the latter granted him
the services of his tenants, viz. the Abbot
of Whalley, John de Byron, John de Rad-
cliffe, Roger son of Maud Stikewind, and
John de Savile and Isabel his wife ; Assize
R. 435, m. i8d., 8.

Geoffrey de Holt was soon after his
purchase engaged in disputes respecting
lands in Hundersfield ; De Banco R. 408,
m. 79 > 425» m. 301 d. ; 432, m. 246.

A settlement of the Holt estates was
made by Robert son of Geoffrey de Holt
in 1388 ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.
and Ches.), iii, 31.

59 See further in the account of Stublejr*

60 A commission for dividing the wastes
was granted in 1588 ; it was this which
compelled Sir John Byron to purchase the
Saviles' interest; Fishwick,/Jof,W<z/<?, 23-5,
See also Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. ii, 273, 286.
294.

61 From Robert Holt, zs. ; from Law~
rence Buckley, 6d. ; Rental, c. 1540, in.
Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

The town of ROCHD4LE lies in three of the
ancient divisions of the parish, having grown up near
the church, on both banks of the Roch. The road
from Oldham going north, joined south of the church
by the old road from Manchester, reaches the river
to the north-east of the church, where the ancient
bridge is built ; from the further side of the bridge
roads spread out in all directions. One going north,
called Toad Lane, was the boundary between Wardle-
worth and Spotland ; the market-place is situated in
it, near the bridge.

In 1251 Edmund de Lacy procured
BOROUGH a charter for a weekly market at Roch-
dale on Wednesday, and an annual fair
on the feast of St. Simon and St. Jude (28 October).64
Probably about the same time
a borough was created, but
there were only twelve bur-
gesses, and it quickly fell into
decay.63 The town continued
to be governed through the
manor court until 182 5, when
a Police Act was obtained.64
As there was never any town-
ship of Rochdale, the area as-
signed to the new commis-
sioners was a circle, with the
old market-place as centre and
a radius of three-quarters of a
mile. In 18323 parliamentary
borough was created, one mem-
ber being returned ; " and in 18563 municipal charter
was granted, the powers and property of the old
commissioners being conferred on the corporation in
1858. The town was divided into three wards —
Castleton, with four aldermen and twelve councillors;
Wardleworth, the same ; and Spotland, two aldermen
and six councillors.66 In 1868 the parliamentary

BOROUGH OP ROCH-
DALE. Sable on an es-
cutcheon "within an orle
of eight martlett argent
a woolsack "within a
•wreath of laurel proper.

boundary was extended to include Wardleworth,
Spotland, Wuerdle, Belfield, Newbold, Buersill, and
Marland ;67 and four years later the municipal
boundary was extended so as to be almost conterminous
with the parliamentary one, and the area was divided
into ten wards, each with an alderman and three
councillors.68 The wards took their names from the
townships, viz. Castleton (4), Spotland (2), Wardle-
worth (3), and Wuerdle. In 1894 the borough was
constituted a township, the whole of Wardleworth
being absorbed, with parts of Castleton, Spotland, and
Wuerdle and Wardle.68* In 1900 most of Castle-
ton outside the borough was added, a new ward called
Castleton Moor being thus formed ; 69 so that the
council now consists of a mayor, eleven aldermen, and
thirty-three councillors. Under the Act of 1888
Rochdale became a county borough. It has a com-
mission of the peace and a police force.

The town hall, by the Roch, to the north of the
church, was built in 1870-1, and is a fine building,
ranking high among modern examples of Gothic
style ; 70 a bronze statue of John Bright was
erected in front of it in 1891. The free library
was built in 1884." An art gallery was opened
in 1903. There is a public park near the town
hall ; Falinge Park was presented to the town
in 1903 by Alderman Samuel Turner. The baths
were built in 1868. The cemetery in Bury Road
was opened in 1855. Waterworks were first estab-
lished in 1 809 ; n they were acquired by the corpora-
tion in 1866; the gas-works, begun in 1824, are
also owned by the corporation,73 as are the electric
light works. An electric tramway system has been
inaugurated. The market rights were purchased from
Lord Byron in 1823;" the market hall, built in
1 844, is still in the hands of a private company. The
cattle market is in Manchester Road. A school board
was formed in 1870.

62 Cal. Chart.R. 1226-57, p. 3^2. Mar-
garet Countess of Lincoln then held the
manor in dower. A fair was till recently
held on 7 Nov., the eve of Old St. Simon's
day.

Other fairs were also held; in 1588
there were two — on Whit Sunday and
23 (? 28) Oct.; Wm. Smith, Descr. of Engl.

The toll and stallage of the markets
and fairs produced 53*. 8</. in 1296, and
53». 4<f. in 1305, but were valued at only
3OJ. in 1311 ; Lacy Compoti, 6, 102 ; Inq.
20. The other manorial profits show
similar variations. Thus the eighth part
of the mill paid 51. in 1296, but the fourth
part only 41. in 1311 ; the perquisites of
the courts were £4 4$. 4^. and the fines
for lands 431. zd. in the former year, but
the value of the three-weeks court was
given as only 26*. Bd. in 1311.

In 1292 Henry de Lacy was required
to show by what warrant he held the
market and fair ; Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec.
Com.), 382.

The market day was changed from
Wednesday to Monday during the i8th
century, and Monday continues to be the
manufacturers' market day ; there is a
provision market on Saturday. The mar-
ket hall is open daily.

*8 John de Lacy (1211-40) gave a char-
ter to his men of Rochdale and their heirs,
acquitting them of the judges both in the
county and the wapentake ; pleas were to
be held from month to month instead of
from fortnight to fortnight, and in the
pleas attorneys of knights and free men

might be received ; Byron Chartul. 1/256.
The charter of the borough does not
seem to have been preserved ; the state-
ment that there had been twelve burgesses
is derived from an inquisition of uncertain
date quoted from Dods. MSS. clxi, by
Baines, op. cit. (ed. 1868), i, 483. In
1 296 there was received of the farm of
the burgesses of Rochdale 6s. ; this is not
named in 1305 or in 1311 ; Compoti, 6.
The burgesses are named in 1341-2;
Mins. Accts. bdle. 1091, no. 6.

64 6 Geo. IV, cap. 1 28. The commis-
sioners, with a qualification of ^3 5 yearly
value as owners or occupiers, had powers
to watch, light, and cleanse the town.
The chairman was entitled the chief con-
stable. By an Act of 1 844 the commis-
sioners were made elective, the parlia-
mentary voters, or £10 householders,
having the right to elect. A further
Improvement Act was obtained in
1853. See Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i,
491-2.

What remained of the utility of the
manor courts was destroyed by the for-
mation of a Court of Request in 1839,
and the County Court in 1847; Fishwick,
op. cit. 30.

65 The area was a little larger than that
of the commissioners' authority, the three-
quarters of a mile distance being measured
from the edge of the market-place instead
of from its centre. For the members,
including Richard Cobden (1859-65), see
Pink and Beaven, Lanes. Parl. Repre,
331-5-

193

66 Baines, op. cit.

'7 Pink and Beaven, op. cit. ; by the
Act 31 & 32 Viet. cap. 46.

68 Fishwick, Rochdale, 63 ; by the Act
35 & 36 Viet. cap. 49.

68a Information of the Town Clerk.
The old townships were abolished ; Local
Govt. Bd. Order 31646.

69 Local Govt. Bd. Order P. 1639.

70 Baines, i, 495 ; the corner-stone was
laid in 1866. It stands on the site of an
old house called the Wood ; Fishwick, op.
cit 333~6-

7* A circulating library was established
as early as 1770 ; Baines, Lanes, (ed.
1868), i, 501 ; N. and Q. (5th Sen), ii,
113.

7J In 1760 there was a small reservoir
in Leyland Brow near the church steps.
It was in private hands and purchased by
the company formed in 1809 ; Fishwick,
op. cit. 62. See also Baines, op. cit. i,
494.

'* A dispute as to the price charged for
lighting the public lamps led to the Act of
1844, mentioned above, by which the gas-
works were acquired by the commis-
sioners.

7< Fishwick, op. cit. 63; 'The old
stalls in the streets were then done away
with . . . The lord of the manor re-
served the right to hold fairs, &c., and as
late as 1872 the horse fair was held in
Chectham Street. The right was then
purchased by the Corporation, who have
provided ground for fairs and cattle
markets.'

25

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The infirmary and dispensary, originally established
in 1832, is now housed at the north side of the town,
a new building having been given in 1883 and en-
larged in 1896 and again in 1907.'* Other public
buildings in the town include union offices, county
court offices, county police court, Temperance hall,
Central hall, used for entertainments, and theatre.
The 2nd V.B. Lancashire Fusiliers has its head quarters
at Rochdale ; there is a troop of yeomanry.

The church of ST. CHAD consists of
CHURCH chancel with north and south aisles, nave
with north and south aisles, south porch
and west tower, with a vestry at the west end of each
aisle north and south of the tower. It is finely placed
on high ground about 80 ft. above the river, on the
south side of the town, and is gained on the north
side by a flight of 1 24 steps. These steps, recon-
structed in 1 8 1 o, were probably in existence in some
form in the iyth century.76

The site is an ancient one," but the oldest part of
the present church belongs to the 1 3th century, though
fragments of Norman masonry are said to have been
discovered in the renovation of 1815." Whatever
the earliest church may have been, the structure
seems to have been entirely rebuilt on a large scale
during the I3th century, the present nave pillars
being of that date and probably in their original
position. Of the 13th-century chancel no traces
now remain, but it was apparently the same width as
the nave, and of three bays or more in length.79
The church of this date would apparently be not
very much less in area than the building as it existed
previous to the modern additions at the east end, and
consisted of a chancel 1 9 ft. 6 in. wide and about
35 ft. long, nave of equal width and 60 ft. long, with
north and south aisles, and probably a western tower.80
The first change seems to have been the rebuilding
of the tower in the I4th century, but whether any
other work was done at this time, or whether the
13th-century church stood down to the middle part
of the 1 6th century, it is impossible to say. Trinity
Chapel on the south side of the chancel existed
in 1487, and the chapel of St. Katherine on the
north side was founded probably about the same
time or a little earlier (it is mentioned in 1514),
and it is likely that many other changes had
been effected in the structure before the middle of
the 1 6th century when (c. 1558) the greater part
was rebuilt, the piers to the nave and chancel and the
west tower alone being retained. This building
stood substantially without change till the beginning
of the 1 9th century.81

In 1815 the building was in a ruinous condition,
but a proposal to take it down and rebuild it was

abandoned in favour of restoration.81 The work then
done was supplemented in 1835 by a further re-
storation of the interior,83 and again in 1854—5 when
the north aisle was taken down and rebuilt, the
galleries removed (a new west gallery, however, was
erected), and the organ, which had been in the west
gallery, transferred to the east end of the north aisle,
which was extended so as to be flush with the east
end of the chancel. The vestry, which then occu-
pied the site of St. Katherine's Chapel north of the
quire, was transferred to the west end of the north
aisle, and the north aisle of the chancel was opened
out. The chief work of rebuilding, however, was
not begun till 1873, when the south aisle as far as
the chancel, together with the south porch, was pulled
down and rebuilt, and the tower raised by the
addition of a lofty belfry and otherwise altered. In
1885 the chancel was entirely reconstructed84 and
extended, along with both north and south aisles,
2 5 ft. eastward, all traces of the old work being lost.
The whole of the east end of the church and nearly
all the work on the exterior of the building are there-
fore modern, and apart from the nave arcade and the
lower part of the tower the building has little anti-
quarian interest.

The church is built of wrought stone, but on the
north side is faced with parpoints, and the walls in
the interior are plastered. The east gable has a plain
coping with cross and angle pinnacles, and the walls
to chancel, nave, and aisles have embattled parapets.
The chancel roof is slightly higher than that of the
nave, and both are covered with green slates, while
those of the aisles are lean-to roofs covered with
lead.

The chancel consists of six bays with an arcade of
pointed arches, on clustered shafts open to the north
and south aisles. It has a lofty clearstory of six
square-headed three-light windows on each side, and
a rich double hammer-beam roof with angel termina-
tions. The quire stalls occupy the first four bays
from the west, those to the first and second bays being
old. The sixth bay contains the sanctuary, the fifth
being open at each side to the aisles. The whole of
the east end of the church being new possesses no
antiquarian interest except in certain fittings afterwards
mentioned, but it is a very good example of modern
Gothic. The extent of the former north and south
aisles is marked on the outside by diagonal buttresses,
and on the inside by a slight break in the wall. At
the west end of the north aisle an organ-chamber was
built in 1886, projecting northwards in front of the
old St. Katherine's Chapel, which is now lost, but
originally the wall ran straight through. Trinity
Chapel, on the south side of the chancel, now occupies

75 For the older charitable societies, see
Baines, Lanes, i, 501.

76 The churchwardens' accounts for
1660 contain an item of 241. for eight
loads of 'great stones from Blackstone
edge for the steps.' Fishwick, Rochdale
at the beginning of the I -jtb century (Hist.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches. xxxviii).

77 There is a local version of the well-
known story of the stones having been
carried up the hill-side from a proposed
site on lower ground by supernatural
agency. The legend is used by Roby in
his Goblin Builders.

78 Fishwick, Hist, of Rochdale, 12.

79 So much alteration was done in later

years that the length of the original 13th-
century chancel cannot be accurately
stated. There were three arches and
columns similar to those of the nave in
1863 (John Owen MSS. in Manch. Ref.
Lib.), but these did not extend the full
length eastward. There was a good deal
of alteration in the north arcade of the
chancel in 1854.

80 Glynne (no date) states that when
he visited the church there was a range
of ' lancet arches upon imposts, which
seem Early English,' in the east wall of
the tower facing the nave.

81 Changes in the I7th century were :
1635, chancel repaired ; 1646, south porch

194

repaired; 1693, west gallery erected; 1699,
south gallery erected ; 1700, south porch
rebuilt ; Fishwick, Rochdale at beginning of
i jtb century (Hist. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.,
xxxviii).

82 24 July 1816, Sir Jeffrey Wyatt,
architect, reported to the Bishop of Ches-
ter that he had made a survey of the
church and found the repairs done in a
workmanlike manner.

88 These repairs included the rebuilding
of the wall of the Trinity Chapel, repairs
to the roof, and the removal of the gallery
then existing at the east end in front of the
rood screen. The screen remained till 1854.

84 J. S. Crowther, architect.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

the four easternmost bays of the south aisle, its
eastern end being therefore entirely modern. It is
divided from the rest of the aisle at the west end by
a screen. The outer wall of the old south aisle up to
the diagonal buttress has been refaced since the re-
building of 1815, though the windows are apparently
of that date. In the second bay is a small door be-
tween two closely-spaced buttresses, which probably
served the Trinity Chapel, and was called in the I jih
century the ' little door.' The aisles of the chancel
are separated from those of the nave by stone arches,
and on the north side there is a screen. The Trinity
Chapel passed to the Dearden family in i823,85 and
was very much altered in 1847 by Mr. Dearden, who
placed there numerous memorials to his imaginary

eastern bays are less in width than the others. The
details of the capitals and bases are unusually good for
Lancashire work, the bases having the water-moulding
and the capitals a moulded abacus and fillet. Four of
the capitals, two on each side, in addition, have carving
in the bell. The third pier from the west on the
south side has good but rather flat stiff leaf foliage, and
the first pier on the north side foliage of an appar-
ently later date running round the bell. Two other
capitals, one on each side, are carved with small human
heads. One of these capitals is now very much muti-
lated. The floor of the nave was lowered 1 3 in. to
the original level in 1885, and the pillars lengthened
by about 10 in. of stone.89

The nave clearstory consists of five square-headed

ROCHDALE CHURCH

ancestors,86 including the effigies of a cross-legged
knight and a bishop, incised slabs, and brasses.

The chancel arch 87 is modern and very lofty, the
line of its springing being above the crowns of the
arches of the chancel and nave arcades. There is no
screen between the chancel and nave, the only divi-
sion being a low stone wall.

The nave piers,88 as before stated, are of 13th-
century date, alternately octagonal and round, 1 8 in.
in diameter, with moulded capitals and bases. The re-
sponds at each end are semi-octagonal, and the two

windows upon each side spaced without reference to
the arcade beneath, and the roof is a good modern
one put up a few years after 1855, with rich orna-
mental tie-beam and curved pieces under, carried
down the walls between the windows and resting on
brackets, but intersecting both the tower and chancel
arches rather awkwardly.693

The west tower is 1 3 ft. square inside, with walls
5 ft. thick, and has a vice in the south-west corner.
The tower arch is lofty and open to the nave, but an
oak screen has recently been erected inclosing the

85 There is an interesting description of nett, Lyon King of Arms (Edinburgh,

its fittings at that date in Fishwick, Hist,
of Rochdale, 149.

86 These memorials are described in a
book called Popular Genealogists, or the
Art of Pedigree Making, by George Bur-

1865), 95-6. Only a few of the brasses
remain. The rest of the memorials have
since been buried under the floor.

87 It replaces one which seems to have
been built in 1815.

'95

80 The pillars and arches were re-
chiselled in the middle of the last century;
Owen MSS. Manch. Ref. Lib. 1863.

89 Fishwick, op. cit.

89a The latter, however, is later than
the nave roof.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

baptistery. Though the original tower was retained
in 1873 not very much ancient detail has been left,
the west door and window above being new, and the
old diagonal buttresses having been replaced by square
ones of four stages, finishing with detached pinnacles
at the new belfry stage. The clock, which was a
conspicuous feature of the old tower, was removed, but
the old two-light pointed belfry windows still remain
on each face of the tower, those on the south and
west sides being slightly out of the centre, occasioned
no doubt by the space occupied by the vice in the
south-west angle. On the south side, to the west of
the 14th-century window, is an old sculptured stone
built into the wall. The old tower finished above
these windows with an embattled parapet and angle
pinnacles, but was raised by a new belfry stage with
two lofty stone louvred windows of three lights on
each face. Above this it finishes with a new em-
battled parapet and angle pinnacles, and has a good
1 8th-century weather vane.

The screen at the east end of the north aisle and
that at the north end of the Trinity Chapel are old,
and perhaps belong to the restoration of 1558, with
a series of coats of arms on the bottom panels. There
are new oak screens at the west end of each aisle in-
closing the vestries.

Some old fronts and bench-ends are worked into
the chancel seats, and bear a number of heraldic
shields in their panels. The arms are : a cross mo-
line ; a bend wavy ; France and England quartered ;
on a chief three roundels ; eight martlets impaling a
griffin, a cross moline, or a shackbolt ; a fleur de lis
with a chief ermine ; the quartered coat of Byron and
Colwycke ; four fusils in a border engrailed, and in
chief two bars, impaling a cross moline.

The screen at the east end of the north aisle bears
the cross moline and shackbolt, and an inscription :
* In te Domine speravi . Deus Deus meus . In Domino
confido.'

The screen at the east end of the south aisle has
carved panels on its east side as well as the west, with
an inscription : ' Miserere mei Deus . Domine exaudi
. inclina Domine . parce nobis Domine . Libera nos
Domine.'

In the north aisle of the chancel (St. Katherine's
Chapel) is a plate of copper to the memory of Susanna
Gartside (d. 1668), with a skeleton at each side of the
words, ' As you are, so were we ; as wee are, so you
must be.'

The font now in use, which stands under the
tower, was found buried in the vicarage garden in
1892, and consists of an octagonal sandstone bowl
2 ft. 8 in. in diameter at top and I ft. 10 in. in height,
on a new base. It is entirely without ornament and
of rough workmanship, and dates apparently from the
latter part of the I5th century. It is very much worn,
but the top still shows the holes for fastenings. There
is a modern cover.90

The churchyard is on the south and east sides of
the church, and being paved with flat headstones, has a
rather desolate appearance. On the north the ground

90 See Proceedings of the Soc. of Anti-
quaries, xiv, 3zo (1893).

903 The date mark is two years later
than the date on the inscription.

91 Fishwick, Rochdale, 142-3.

91a Edited by Colonel H. Fishwick,
1888-9.

91b Whalley Coucher, i, 146.

drops suddenly, the church being built almost on the
edge of the declivity. The churchyard contains some
fragments from the old 16th-century church— pin-
nacles, gargoyles, &c. — and a new stone lych-gate has
been erected on the south side opposite the porch.
Amongst the graves is that of Tim Bobbin (John
Collier, d. 1786) with a rhyming inscription. The
oldest gravestone is dated 1656.

There is a ring of eight bells, two cast by John
Rudhall in 1787, and four in 1752 by Abel Rudhall.
The tenor, which bears the motto, ' Success to the
town and trade of Rochdale,' was cast in 1719, recast
in 1756, and again in 1812.

The plate consists of a paten of 1698-9, inscribed
' Ex dono Tho. Holden Filii Ric. Holden in usum
Ecclesiae Rochdaliens. 1696,' Ml with the maker's mark
S.H. under a crown ; a chalice presumably of 17th-
century date, without marks and inscription, but with
an engraved band under the rim ; a paten of 1702,
inscribed ' Ex Dono Sarae Holden Filiae Richd. Hol-
den in usum Ecclesiae Rochdaliensis 1702 ' ; an alms-
dish of 1722, 'The gift of Mrs. Sarah Chadwicke of
Chadwicke to the parish church of Rochdale who dyed
Aug. 21, 1722 ' ; two flagons of 1724, inscribed ' Ex
dono Alexandri Butterworth Armigeri,' and with the
arms and crest of Butterworth, and bearing the mark
of Jonah Clifton ; a tall flagon of 1772-3, inscribed
* The gift of Thos. Wray, D.D., vicar of this parish,
1773,' with the maker's mark I.C., probably that of
John Carter ; two chalices of 1807 with the mark of
William Abdy ; and a chalice of 1892, a replica of
the 17th-century one.

The plate was twice stolen and recovered in the
1 8th century, in the years 1773 and 1779. In 1783
it consisted of the three present flagons, the two Hol-
den patens, and the Chadwicke dish, together with
five cups and chalices, one of which was marked on

bottom and another In 1829 two of the

H.B. M.H.

old chalices were exchanged for two new ones.'1

The registers begin in 1582. The earlier portions,
1582-1641, have been published.913

There are no tithe maps at the church.

A new archdeaconry of Rochdale was formed in
1910, the vicar being appointed.

The relics preserved in the church about 1200 are
mentioned in a deed printed in the Whalley Coucher.™
The compact nature of the parish
ADVQWSQN favours the supposition that its
church is very ancient, but there is
no record of it until near the end of the I zth cen-
tury. Then Robert de Whalley, rector of the church
of Rochdale, gave to Alexander de Spotland certain
lands which Adam de Spotland had just given to
St. Chad and the church of Rochdale.9* As it ap-
pears that Geoffrey, Dean of Whalley, held the church
in H95,93 the grant cited may be of a somewhat
later date. The advowson, like the manor, was
held by the lord of Clitheroe, and Roger de Lacy,
who died in 1211, granted the church and the right
of presentation to the abbey of Stanlaw. This grant

92 Ibid, iii, 727, 729. The rectors of
Whalley are traditionally stated to have
held Rochdale Church by hereditary right ;
ibid, i, 187.

Though the phrase 'church of Roch-
dale (or Rachedham) ' was in general
and early use, the correct expression
seems to have been 'church of Castle-

ton in Rochdale'; ibid, i, 145, 151;
iii, 729.

93 Ibid, i, 137. Whitaker's explana-
tion must be taken into account : Robert,
a clerk, was son of Geoffrey, and held
the rectory for a time by his father's grant,
resigning or dying in his father's lifetime.
Geoffrey's father wae also a Robert.

196

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

•was confirmed by his successor and by others inter-
ested. The Bishops of Lichfield also concurred, it
being decreed that after the death of the rector in
possession a vicarage should be instituted, to which a
stipend and the 4 oxgangs of church land should be
annexed, and the consent of three of the popes was
obtained.94 A later bishop in 1277 made a fresh
decree regarding the vicarage ; in addition to the 4
oxgangs, the vicar, who was to reside in his church,
was to have a fit house and a stipend of 1 8 marks.95
This arrangement was sanctioned by the capitular
bodies 96 and the Archbishop of Canterbury.97

The value of the church was returned as £23 6s. %d.
in 1 29 1,98 but the ninth of sheaves, wool, &c., in
1341 amounted to no more than £io." In 1535
the value of the rectory was estimated as £49 1 3*. 4^.,100

and that of the vicarage as £l I 4/. 8</.101 These sums
were probably much below the actual value, for in
1650 the yearly value of the glebe lands, rents, and
profits of the vicarage was stated as £1 60 a year,10* and
seventy years later was 'about J^3OO.'103 The glebe
land having been utilized for building,104 the income
has greatly increased ; but the land is now in the
hands of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, who pay
£1,500 a year o the vicar.105

After the confiscation of the possessions of Whalley
Abbey, the advowoon of Rochdale came to the Crown,
and Henry VIII gave it to Archbishop Cranmer in
exchange for a much more valuable estate.106 The
tithes were sold in i8i3,107 and the right of presenta-
tion was in 1848 transferred to the new Bishop of
Manchester, whose successor holds it.

The following is a list of the vicars : — *'

Institution
C. 1 2 10 . .

c. 1230 . .
c. 1260 . .
oc. 1304
oc. 1307 . .

9 Dec. 1312
25 Oct. 1317 .
22 May 1350

I Jan. 1361-2

Name

Geoffrey the Dean 109 . .
William de Dumplington 11(>
John de Blackburn m . .

Richard11*

Roger m

Richard de Parbold "« . .
Thomas de Bolton 115 . .
Ralph de Dewsbury m. .
Ralph de Trumpington 117.

Patron

Cause of Vacancy

Whalley Abbey . . . res. Geoffrey

Whalley Abbey . .

d. R. de Parbold
d. T. de Bolton

M The documents are given ibid, i,
135-153, &c. ; Roger de Lacy's grants
are on pp. 135, 137 ; his son John's con-
firmation, p. 138 ; John de Eland's re-
lease of any claim, p. 141 ; and John de
Lacy's of Cromwellbottom, p. 145; Assize
R. 408, m. 74 ; Final Cone, (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 179. In addition,
Geoffrey son of Geoffrey the Dean of
Whalley resigned his title to the church to
his lord John de Lacy ; Whalley Coucher,
i, 141. Richard son of the same Geof-
frey the Dean released all land belonging
to the church for an annuity of 201. (p.
153); and Geoffrey de Buckley resigned
his right to a third part of the tithes,
•which he had received from his patron
Geoffrey the Dean (p. 142).

The assent of William, Bishop of Lich-
field, who died in 1223, with his ordina-
tion of a vicarage, to come into force after
the death of the then rector, is given,
ibid, i, 139; the Prior and convent of
Coventry gave their consent in 1222
(p. 140), and Alexander, ihe succeeding
bishop, also ratified it (p. 140).

Geoffrey the Dean resigned his 'vicar-
age ' to the same bishop, who united it to
the rectory (p. 143), and afterwards, on
the presentation of the abbot and convent,
admitted William de Dumplington to the
new vicarage (p. 145). As Alexander de
Stavenby died in 1238 the who'e trans-
action must have been completed by this
year.

The popes who confirmed the arrange-
ments were Honorius III, in 1218 (to
take effect 'after the death of Geoffrey,
Dean of Whalley '), Innocent IV, about
1250, and Alexander IV, in 1255 and
1259 ; ibid, i, 168, 170, 169, 174.

95 The bishop was Roger de Meulan in
1277 ; ibid, i, 69, 85. The vicar was to
provide that the chapels dependent on his
church should be served by fit priests and
clerks.

96 Ibid, i, 86, 87.

»7 John de Peckham, 1280 ; ibid, i, 88.

98 Pope Nick. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 249.

99 Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39 ; Castle-
ton was answerable for 261. %d., Spotland
for 50*., Butterworth for 501., and Hun-
dersfield for 731. ^d.

10« Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 229.
The glebe lands produced 201., the tithes
£34 6s. 8</., oblations, Easter roll, &c.,
£14 6s. %d.

101 Ibid, v, 227. The lands produced
£4, and a pension of '£8 was received
from the Abbot of Whalley ; but 151. $d.
was due to the Archdeacon of Chester.

*M Commonwealth Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 19.

108 Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 121 ; 'the vicar has a large glebe, and
all the houses of two of the best streets in
the town belong to him — 130 houses';
ibid, ii, 123.

104 A plan of the glebe in 1754-7 is
given in Fishwick, Rochdale, 56. In
1764 the vicar was authorized by Act
of Parliament to grant building leases of
ninety-nine years ; it is printed in Raines,
Vicart of Rochdale (Chet. Soc.), 202. A
terrier of 1783 is printed in full; ibid.

235.

10a This was in accordance with an Act
passed in 1866 (29 & 30 Viet. cap. 86,
and 3 1 & 32 Viet. cap. 114), by which
the glebe was given to the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners, who were to pay the then
vicar £4,000 a year and his successors
£1,500, the remainder to be used for
church purposes ; see Raines, Vicart,
361, &c.

In the Manor Survey of 1626 the glebe
is estimated as 208 acres.

106 Ibid. 32-6.

W The sum realized was £63,426.
The purchasers were in general the owners
of the titheable estates. The sale was in
virtue of an Act passed in 1807, and some
particulars may be seen in Raines, Vicart
of Rochdale, 282, 283.

197

108 Detailed accounts of the vicars,
which have been used in these notes, will
be found in Canon Raines, Vicart of Roch-
dale, with additions by the editor, Sir H. H.
Howorth ; also in Fishwick, Rochdale,
223-49.

109 He is spoken of as ' vicar,' and in
his resignation mentions the charter he
had from the abbot and convent and the
confirmation of the bishop ; Whalley
Coucher, i, 146, 141. He was son of that
Geoffrey the Dean who was ' rector ' in
1195. It is doubtful whether he was in
orders. He succeeded his father at Whalley
and at Rochdale, and may have had a
share of the revenues of the latter assigned
to him (as a ' vicarage ') when the church
was given to Stanlaw. In 1218 as Geoffrey
the Dean he was certainly in possession,
as appears by the confirmation of Pope
Honorius ; see note 94 above.

110 Ibid, i, 145 ; as ' W. vicar of Roch-
dale ' his name appears as witness to
several charters in the same volume, one
of which appears to be as late as 1260 ;
ibid, ii, 614.

111 Ibid, i, 144 ; he promised to claim
from the monks of Stanlaw nothing but
the land which his predecessor William
had held, the pension of 5 marks, and the
tithes of corn and beasts upon his own
land. This vicar also frequently occurs
as attesting charters.

113 Ibid, ii, 632, as witness to a char-
ter.

118 He was amerced for a breach of the
forest laws; Wakefield Ct. R. (Yorks.
Arch. Soc.), ii, 77.

114 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 32*; he is
described as a chaplain.

116 Ibid, i, fol. 85 ; a chaplain. In his
time, in 1330, the bishop held an ordina-
tion at Rochdale ; ibid, i, fol. 162.

118 Ibid, ii, fol. 127 ; a chaplain.

u" Ibid, iv, fol. 80 ; a priest. In 1365
he was made penitentiary for the deanery
of Manchester ; ibid, v, fol. lib.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Institution

ii Feb. 1369-70

13 Nov. 1389
17 Apr. 1402

3 May 1403

31 July 1426. .

4 March 1455-6

23 Feb. 1471-2 .

24 March 1473-4

20 Sept. 1483

c. 1522 . . .
2 March I 5 5 3-4

16 Nov. 1557

17 March 1560-1

— 1561 . . .

21 Dec. 1595 . .
9 March 1606-7

— Oct. 1615 . .

17 March 1635-6

1 8 Oct. 1662.

Name Patron

Roger son of William de Manchester118 Whalley Abbey

John Fitheler 119

John Salley ™

Richard Twistfield m Whalley Abbey

Henry Marland m „

Richard Salley m „

Thomas Brotherton 1M

John Walton1" Whalley Abbey

William Ashton ™ . . . . . .

Gilbert Haydock l» Whalley Abbey

Richard Gorstilow w The Queen . .

John Hampson, M.A.129 .... Cardinal Pole .

— Huntington 1SO Abp. Parker . ,

Richard Midgeley m „

Joseph Midgeley lsl Abp. Whitgift .

Richard Kenyon, M.A.133 .... Abp. Bancroft ,

Henry Tilson, D.D.184 Abp. Abbot .

Robert Bath, M.A.m Abp. Laud . ,

Henry Pigot, B.D.m Abp. Juxon . ,

Cause of Vacancy
res. R. de Trumping-

ton

exch. R. de Manchester
d. J. Fitheler
res. J. Salley
res. R. Twistfield
d. H. Marland
d. R. Salley
res. T. Brotherton
d. J. Walton

d. last vicar

depr. R. Gorstilow

depr. J. Hampson

res. R. Midgeley
depr. J. Midgeley
d. R. Kenyon
res. H. Tilson
depr. R. Bath

118 Ibid, iv, foL 85 ; a priest. A bur-
gage in Manchester belonging to Roger
son of William, vicar of Rochdale, is
named in a deed of 1383 ; Hulme D.
no. 7. He was otherwise known as
Roger de Lache. See further in the
account of the rectors of Radcliffe.

119 Ibid, vi, fol. 54. ; by exchange for
the rectory of Radcliffe. Ellen the sister
and executrix of John le Fitheler accepted
2OJ. from the Abbot and Convent of
Whalley in satisfaction of all arrears ;
Add MS. 32104, no. 949.

120 Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 88 ; a monk
of Whalley. He became vicar of Whalley
in 141 1.

121 Ibid, vii, fol. 8953 chaplain.

"» Ibid.ix,fol.n8i. His seal

is engraved in Corry, Lanes, ii, pi. vi.

128 Lich. Epis. Reg. xi, fol. 13*5 a
chaplain. His original name was Smith ;
Raines, Vicars, 25. A dispute with his
executors, Lawrence Helme and Grace
his wife, occurred in 1476 ; Add. MS.
32104, no. 960.

"« Lich. Epis. Reg. xii, fol. 106 ; a
monk of Whalley.

125 Ibid, xii, fol. 108.

126 Ibid, xii, fol. 116. The Abbot of
Whalley, on 1 8 Nov. 1506, granted the
next presentation to the vicarage to
Nicholas Towneley and Richard his son 5
ibid, xiii-xiv, fol. 926. It is not known
whether any presentation was made under
this grant. The next vicar known is said
to have be.'n nominated by the Abbot of
Whalley.

127 In a return made in 1523 the parish
church was stated to be worth £200 ;
Gilbert Haydock had been vicar for a year,
and his vicarage was worth 20 marks ;
Raines, I'ican, 29, quoting Duchy Plead.
Hen. VIII, x, R. 7. He was a priest of
evil life, having several bastard children, as
he names them and a grandchild in his will
dated 15 Feb. 1553-4 ; Raines, op. cit. 38.

128 Act Bks. at Chester Dioc. Reg. He
paid his first-fruits 3 Mar. 1553-4 ; Lanes.
and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 408. (The later records of these pay-
ments are from the same volume.) Gorsti-
low was deprived because he had neither
resided nor provided a priest to minister
in the church ; Raines, Wears, 39.

Peter Prescott is said to have paid first-
fruits for Rochdale on 21 Mar. 1553-4.
Nothing further is known of his connexion
with this church ; see the account of
North Meols.

The queen claimed the right to present,
the archbishopric of Canterbury being
vacant, against Sir Henry Stanley and
others ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton,
file I Mary.

129 Reg. Pole, Add. MS. 6086, fol. 50* ;
quoted in Raines, Vicars, 40. He did not
appear at the Elizabethan visitation in
1559, and was deprived in Mar. 1561.
The name is also spelt Hanson, and this
vicar may safely be identified with the John
Hanson, Archdeacon of Richmond, who
was deprived in 1559, and is said to have
gone into exile before 1562 ; Gee, Eliza-
bethan Clergy, 88, 89, 184.

180 Add. MS. 6088, fol. 55, quoted in
Raines, Vicars, 41. It is supposed that
he was never actually inducted.

181 There is a long biography of him
in Raines, Vicars, 42-68. From this it
appears that he was a zealous Protestant,
who seldom wore the prescribed surplice.
He gave a part of the glebe for the new
school. See also Due at us Lane. (Rec.
Com.), ii, 255.

That his resignation was brought about
by his nonconformity to the queen's
regulations seems clear from a memoran-
dum concerning clergymen who refused to
wear the surplice. Among them was
' Richard Midgeley, vicar of Rochdale, a
country scholar, yet discreet, sober, and
very peaceable, the only first planter of
sound religion in this corner of our coun-
try in her majesty's time,' who since his
first entrance had not used the surplice,
yet had ' used his ministry very peaceably,
and had at his monthly communions above
800 communicants that zealously cried,
" Thy kingdom come." ' The writer
thought that the vicar would conform,
' or else peaceably give over his ministry.'
The date appears to be about I 590 ; Hist.
AfSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 602.

182 The church papers at Chester begin
at this point. First-fruits paid 5 Nov. 1595.
He was educated at Emmanuel College,
Cambridge, and became a more uncom-
promising Puritan than his father. The
church had no surplice in 1598, and the
regular Prayer Book service was cut down
to allow of longer sermons ; and in 1605
it was found that the communicants sat

198

instead of kneeling, the surplice was not
worn, the sign of the cross was omitted in
baptism, and flesh was eaten during Lent.
He was soon afterwards deprived. See
the notice in Raines, op. cit. 72-7.

188 First-fruits paid 7 Mar. 1606-7. He
was also a fellow of Manchester, 1602-15,
and probably did not reside much at Roch-
dale. He was rector of Stockport, 1614-15.
See Raines, op. cit. 77-81 ; Earwaker,
East Ches. i, 383. He was returned as
'a preacher' about 1610; Hist. AfSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 12.

134 First-fruits paid 13 Mar. 1615-16.
He was of Balliol College, Oxford, M.A.
1 60 1, at which time he was fellow of
University College ; Foster, Alumni. He
was promoted to the deanery of Christ
Church, Dublin, in 1634, and to the
bishopric of Elphin in 1639, but driven
from Ireland by the rebellion of 1641 and
later troubles. He died near Dewsbury in
1656. He was a friend of StrafFord, Laud,
and Bridgeman, and no doubt agreed with
their policy in Church and State ; see
Raines, Vicars, 81-92. A survey of the
vicarage estate, made in 1626, is printed,
ibid. 83.

Henry Tilson, a portrait painter, was a
grandson of the bishop ; see Diet. Nat.Biog.

185 First-fruits paid 23 May 1636. The
institutions from this time have been com-
pared with those in the Inst. Bks. P.R.O.,
as printed in Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Notes.
He was educated at Oxford, but the
college is uncertain ; see the notice in
W. A. Shaw's Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.),
212. He joined the Presbyterian party,
and in 1648 signed the 'Harmonious
Consent.' Rochdale at this time formed
part of the Bury Classis. In 1650 he was
described as 'a godly minister and well
qualified ' ; Common-wealth Cb. Surv. 1 9.
He was expelled for nonconformity in
1662, and afterwards ministered to the
Dissenters. See Raines, Vicars of Roch-
dale, 92-109.

186 jje was of Lincoln College, Oxford,
B.D. 1660 ; Foster, Alumni. Though he
was appointed rector of Brindle (1651-
172.2) in the Commonwealth period, he
was an Episcopalian in principle, as is
proved by his seeking ordination in 1654
from Bishop Tilson. He reintroduced the
surplice at Rochdale, and was ' remem-
bered as a whimsical textuary, who in-
tended to divert rather than to instruct his
hearers.' He conformed to the Revolu-

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

Institution Name

27 Sept. 1722 . Samuel Dunster, D.D.137 ....

3 Aug. 1754 . Nathaniel Forster, D.D.138 . . .

12 Nov. 1757 . James Tunstall, D.D.13* . . . .

10 April 1 762 . Thomas Wray, D.D.140 . . . .

6 July 1 778. . Richard Hind, D.D.141 . . . .

2 8 July 1 790. . Thomas Drake, D.D.1" . . . .

14 Jan. 1820 . . William Robert Hay, M.A.143 . .

2 8 Dec. 1839. . John Edward Nassau Molesworth,

D.D.144

1877 . . Edward Craig Maclure, M.A.145. .

1890 . . James Maurice Wilson, D.D.146 . .

31 Oct. 1905 . . Arthur Frederic Clarke, M.A.147. .

During the mediaeval period there is little to record
of the history of the church.148 The vicars were men
of no more than local note ; for two short periods
monks of Whalley held the benefice.149 Though
there were chapels of the Holy Trinity lso and
St. Katherine 1M at the south and north sides of the
chancel, there does not seem to have been any regu-
larly endowed chantry.151 In 1541 there were, in
addition to the vicar and his curate, seven priests in
the parish, some no doubt serving the chapels of ease
at Littleborough, Milnrow, and Whitworth.153 The
church seems to have been well furnished.164 Eight
names appear in the Visitation List of 1548, but the
vicar and two others died before 1554, when four of

Patron

Abp. Wake . . .

Abp. Herring . .

Abp. Hutton . .
Abp. Seeker
Abp. Cornwallis .

Abp. Moore . .
Abp. Sutton

Abp. Howley .

Bp. of Manchester

Cause of Vacancy

d. H. Pigot
d. S. Dunster
d. N. Forster
d. J. Tunstall
d. T. Wray
d. R. Hind
d. T. Drake
d. W. R. Hay

d. J. E. N. Molesworth
prom. E. C. Maclure
res. J. M. Wilson

the old clergy and two new ones were recorded. In
1563 the vicar, an assistant who did not stay long,
and the three chaplains, two of them 'decrepit,'
appeared, while two years later the staff had been
increased by one name.1*5

Gilbert Haydock, vicar from about 1522 to 1554,
was one of the scandal-giving clergy of the time,
having acknowledged, though illegitimate, offspring ;
his successor had to be deprived for not attending to
his duties, and Hampson, vicar at Elizabeth's acces-
sion, though a conscientious man, was non-resident.
Hence the people more readily attended to the active
minister who was appointed just after his deprivation,
and who for nearly thirty-five years laboured among

tion. He founded two scholarships at
Wadham College, Oxford, and endowed
Brindle School. See the full account in
Raines, op. cit. 109-44 ; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 230 ; also O. He/wood,
Diaries, ii, 276, 290. The dispensations
to hold Rochdale with Brindle were granted
by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the
king on i Oct. and 10 Oct. 1662.

"7 He was of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge ; M.A. 1700, D.D. 1713, and be-
came Prebendary of Salisbury in 1717.
He translated Horace, and was satirized
in the Dunciad. At Rochdale he built ' a
very good new house ' as vicarage. Of a
volume of sermons supposed to be his,
Canon Raines remarks : 'They contain
no controversial matter, and there is more
absence of Christian doctrine in them
than might have been expected.' See
Raines, op. cit. 144-67 ; Diet. Nat. Bicg.

138 Educated at Pembroke and Corpus
Christi Colleges, Oxford, of which latter
he became fellow; M.A. 1739, D.D.
1750. He was chaplain to Bishop Butler,
and became a canon of Bristol in 175$.
He was a scholar and preacher, also F.R.S.
He resided very little in Rochdale, where
he was regarded as a miserly pluralist.
See Raines, op. cit. 167-82 ; Diet. Nat.
Biog. — a list of his works is added.

139 Educated at St. John's College,
Cambridge; M.A. 1731, D.D. 1744.
See Raines, op. cit. 182-97, where a list
of his works will be found ; also Diet. Nat.
Biog.

140 Educated at Christ's College, Cam-
bridge, of which he became fellow ; M.A.
1747, D.D. 1762. Soon after coming to
Rochdale he obtained the Act allowing
the vicars to grant building leases. He
was a charitable and good man, a peace-
maker, active in catechizing the young,
'a consistent Churchman, and a Tory of
the Pitt school ' ; see Raines, op. cit.
197-225.

141 Educated at Christ Church, Oxford ;
M.A. 1736, D.D. 1750. He was also
vicar of Skipton in Yorkshire, and a

prebendary of St. Paul's. See Raines, op.
cit. 225-47.

148 Educated at St. John's College,
Cambridge, of which he was elected fel-
low ; M.A. 1771 ; D.D. 1784. He ac-
quired the esteem of his parishioners, who
erected a memorial over his grave. See
Raines, op. cit. 247-83 ; R. F. Scott,
Admissions to St. John's Coll. iii, 167, 696.

148 Educated at Christ Church, Oxford;
M.A. 1783. He entered the Inner Tem-
ple, and was called to the Bar in 1788.
Ten years later he was ordained, but
always remained the magistrate rather
than the clergyman. He was chairman
of the bench responsible for the ' Peterloo
Massacre ' of 1819, and this naturally
made him unpopular in Rochdale. He
was frequently absent, being also rector of
Ackworth and Prebendary of York. See
Raines, op. cit. 284-325.

144 Educated at Trinity College, Oxford ;
M.A. 1817, D.D. 1838. His efforts
caused ' the resurrection of the Church in
Rochdale.' He was engaged in constant
warfare, the church-rate disputes troubling
his early years as vicar ; disputes with
the Bishop of Manchester and some mo-
derate ritual changes, including robing
the choir in surplices, the later ones. The
Vicarage Act was passed in his time. See
Raines, op. cit. 325-76, where a list of
his publications is given ; also Diet. Nat.
Biog.

His son, William Nassau Molesworth,
incumbent of St. Clement's, Spotland, and
Hon. Canon of Manchester, who died in
1890, was author of a History of England
from 1830 ; Diet. Nat. Biog.

145 Of Brasenose College, Oxford ; M.A.
1858 ; Dean of Manchester from 1890
till his death in 1906.

148 Of St. John's College, Cambridge, of
which he was fellow ; M.A. 1862. Arch-
deacon of Manchester, 1890 ; Resi-
dentiary Canon of Worcester, 1905, when
he resigned the vicarage and archdea-
conry.

"7 Of Trinity College, Oxford ; M.A.

I99

1874 ; Hon. Canon of Manchester, 1905;
formerly vicar of Cockerham, 1881-1905,
and Archdeacon of Lancaster, 1895-1905.

148 A dispute as to a kneeling-place in
the church in 1475 was settled by John
Byron as arbitrator ; Raines, Vicart, 26.

149 In 1402-3 and 1472-83.

160 A deed of 148^,7 regulating the
appointment and duties of the 'Trinity
priest,' chaplain of the brotherhood of the
Holy Trinity, is printed in Raines, Vicars,
1 20- 1. The chapel was afterwards the
property of the Butterworths of BelnelJ,
and was sold to James Dearden in 1823 ;
ibid. The goods taken by the Crown from
a chapel at Rochdale may have belonged
to this brotherhood ; Raines, Chantries, ii,
270.

181 The altar of St. Katherine is men-
tioned in a deed of 1514 ; Raines, Vicars,
28.

153 About 1370 there was a chaplain of
Our Lady in Rochdale Church, but the
lands appropriated to his use, having been
taken without the royal licence, appear to
have been seized by the Crown. A cer-
tain Cecily de Bromley bequeathed a mes-
suage and 2 acres to the service of a
chantry chaplain in the time of Edward III;
L.T.R. Memo. R. 163, m. 13. Thomas
son of Henry Huetson in 1371 gave land
called the Bankhouse, valued at 31. a year,
to God and B. Mary, for a chaplain cele-
brating divine service in Rochdale Church ;
ibid. R. 1 66, m. 113. An inquiry into
the matter made in 1370 will be found
in Chan. Inq. p.m. 45 Edw. Ill, no. 64.

St. Mary Croft is named in a Holt of
Stubley deed in 1621 ; Raines MSS. vi,
217. It was situated in Spotland ; ibid.

«', 153-

158 Clergy List (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 13.

«« Church Gds. 1552 (Chet. Soc.), 48.
The three altars were fully provided for j
the church had a ' pair of organs,' and
there were five great bells.

16S These details are from the visitation
lists preserved at Chester.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

them.146 For a century, except for a brief interval,157
the church was in the hands of Puritan clergy, and
their successors, after the Restoration, do not appear
to have been men able to counteract this teaching.158
Hence the power of Nonconformity in the district is
readily accounted for.159

The growth of the population as Rochdale became
a manufacturing centre led to the enlargement of the
parish church and the building of new ones. St.
Mary's, Wardleworth, was consecrated in 1 744 ; 16°
St. James's, Wardleworth, in 1821 ; 161 St. Clement's,
Spotland, in 1835 ;161 anc^ Christ Church, Healey,
in i85O.I6S In the last half-century the following
have been added : St. Alban's, 1856 ; 16i All Saints',
Hamer, i866;16s St. Peter's, Newbold, 1871 ;166
St. Mary's, Balderstone, 1872;"* St. Edmund's,
Falinge, 1873 ; 168 St. Luke's, Deeplish, 1892 ; :69 and
the district of the Good Shepherd has been formed,
though a permanent building is wanting. The
Bishop of Manchester collates to St. Luke's, All Saints',
St. Clement's, St. Edmund's, St. Peter's, and the
Good Shepherd, and has the presentation of Christ
Church alternately with the Crown ; the vicar of
Rochdale presents to St. Mary's, St. James's, and
St. Alban's ; and trustees to St. Mary's, Balderstone.

The grammar school, now extinct, was founded by
Archbishop Parker.170 The income, £62 a year, is
used to provide exhibitions at the universities.

Methodism was introduced into the town about
1 746, and Wesley, on visiting the place in 1 749, was
received with ' shouting, cursing, blaspheming, and
gnashing of teeth.' A chapel was built in Toad Lane
in 1770, and after being sold in 1793 was used as a
theatre. A new chapel was opened in this year in
Union Street, and rebuilt in i825.171 TheWesleyans
have now six other churches in the town ; the New
Connexion has one, built in 1867, but the story of
this section of Methodists goes back to 1819; the
United Free Methodists have ten churches, the

largest, in Baillie Street, originated in 1837 in a seces-
sion from Union Street ; the Primitive Methodists-
have four, but their earliest chapel, built in 1829, was
afterwards a music hall. St. Stephen's Church was
opened in 1812 for the Countess of Huntingdon's
Connexion, which still retains it.172

The Baptists began services in 1772, and in the
following year nine persons were publicly baptized in
the Roch ; a small chapel was built in 1775, replaced
in 1833 by that in West Street. The original Ogden
and Hope chapels date from 1785 and 1810 respec-
tively, and there are now six churches of this denomi-
nation in Rochdale.173

The Congregationalists have four churches. Pro-
vidence Chapel was acquired in 1814, having been
built for a congregation gathered by Joseph Cooker
who had been expelled by the Wesleyans. Milton
Church originated in a dispute in 1852. There are
two more recent churches.174

The Salvation Army has a barracks, and there are
several other places of worship belonging to less de-
fined bodies. The Welsh Calvinistic Methodists-
have a church.

The Society of Friends has had members in Roch-
dale almost from its foundation, but the meeting-
house in George Street was not built until 1 807-8.
John Bright is interred in its burial-ground.175

The Unitarian Church in Blackwater Street repre-
sents the congregation formed by Robert Bath, the
vicar ejected in 1662. A meeting-house was licensed
during the temporary Indulgence of 1672, and Oliver
Heywood preached there to ' a mighty auditory,' but
no chapel seems to have been built until 1716. It
was rebuilt in 1856. The congregation became Uni-
tarian during the 1 8th century.176 There was formerly
another Unitarian chapel in Clover Street.177

The population rapidly became Protestant after the
Reformation,178 and it was not till 1815 that mass
was said again in the town, in a hired room. St. John

156 Hollinworth, speaking of the in-
fluence of Vaux at Manchester, says :
'This was one reason why many there-
abouts were lother to be reclaimed from
Popery than about Rochdale ' ; Mancu-
nientis, 8 1.

The presentments at the Bishop of
Chester's visitations (in Chest. Dice. Reg.)
prove that the Puritan irregularities went
on without check. In 1589 there was
' no surplice ' at Rochdale. In the fol-
lowing year the vicar was a ' painful '
preacher ; S.P. Dom. Eliz. xxxi, 47. The
details printed in Lanes, and Ches. Antiq.
Soc. xiii, 68, appear to belong to this parish.
In 1598 there was again 'no surplice,' and
the service was shorter than the Book of
Common Prayer by reason of sermons.
In 1601 the vicar did not wear the sur-
plice, and similar reports were made in
1604 and 1605. In the latter year the
Communion was celebrated sitting ; the
sign of the cross was not used in baptism.
Again in 1609 the four curates in the
parish did not wear the surplice.

15? Say from 1607 to 1636, while Ken-
yon and Tilson were vicars. In 1635 the
chancel was paved and the seats made
uniform (choirwise) by order of the Bishop
of Chester; Cal. S.P. Dom. 1635-6,
p. 157.

168 See the Introd. (pp. x-xii) to Raines's
Vicars.

159 Bishop Gastrell found in 1717 that
at Rochdale avowed Presbyterians were

numerous ; there were also a few in
Littleborough, Milnrow, and Saddleworth,
while Todmorden was largely Noncon-
formist ; Notitia, ii, 1 2 1, &c.

160 Fishwick, Rochdale, 216. A district
chapelry was formed for it in 1 844 ; Land.
Gaz. 30 Nov.

It was formerly known as ' Baum
chapel.' The neighbourhood was once
haunted by a white rabbit ghost, known
as the Baum Rabbit ; Fishwick, op. cit.

537-

161 Fishwick, op. cit. 220 ; built under
an Act of Parliament obtained in 1815.
For district see Land. Gaz. 30 Nov. 1844.

163 Fishwick, loc. cit. ; built out of the
Parliamentary grant. For district see
Land. Gaz. 30 Nov. 1844.

163 Fishwick, op. cit. 221 ; chancel added
in 1864. The district was formed in
1846 ; Land. Gaz. 18 Sept.

164 For district see Land. Gam. 9 May
1856.

165 For district assigned see Land. Gaz. I
Mar. and 9 Apr. 1867.

166 For district see Land. Gaz. 5 Nov.
1867.

16' For district see Land. Gam. 10 Jan.
1865.

168 For district see Land. Gaz. 5 Nov.
1867.

169 The chancel was built in 1889, and
the nave eight years later. A parish was
assigned to it in 1895.

1'° Fishwick, Rochdale, 270-4.

W1 Ibid. 257-8.

Vs Ibid. 268.

178 Ibid. 261-4. The original congre-
gation was of Particular or Calvinistic
Baptists ; A. J. Parry, dough/old Church,
199; Rippon's Baft. Reg. iii, 21. The
Central hall, now used for entertainments,
was until 1890 a Baptist chapel.

W* Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
244-9.

V* Fishwick, Rochdale, 266-8. Barnes's
Dir. of 1825 names the Quaker meeting-
house as in Garden Lane, Wardleworth,
built in 1817. This was the only one.

176 Ibid. 251-6 ; Nightingale, op. cit.
iii, 240—4. Oliver Heywood frequently
passed through Rochdale, and records
having preached there between 1672 and
1679 ; Diaries, ii, 104, no ; iii, in, &c.
He gives the place a bad character at that
time ; ibid, ii, 261, 285 ; iii, 211.

Thomas Threlkeld, minister from 1778
to 1806, was famous for his power of
memory ; see Mancb. Guard. N. and Q.
no. 190.

*77 It was built in 1818 ; Fishwick, op.
cit. 256.

178 Not a single ' Papist ' was reported to
Bishop Gastrell about 1717 (see Notitia),,
but in that year Sarah Chadwick of Lam-
bourn, Berks., widow of Thomas Chad-
wick, registered her annuity from lands in
Rochdale. She was, however, a Somerset
woman ; Estcourt and Payne, Engl. Catb*
Nonjurors, 150, &c.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

the Baptist's Church was opened in 1830, and
St. Patrick's in 1861.

Apart from a number of educa-
CHJRITIES tional endowments,179 the principal
charities of Rochdale are those founded
by John Kenion in 1789 for the apprenticing of
children,180 and by Josiah Gartside in 1712 for cloth-
ing the poor, now utilized for providing nursing and
other medical assistance.181 In Spotland the gifts of
Mary Shepherd182 and Mary Hill183 produce £27 a,
year, distributed to the poor in kind. There are
a few others, chiefly for particular churches or dis-
tricts.184

CASTLETON

Castelton, 1292. Berdeshull, 1261.

This township, which takes its name from a castle
formerly situated on the south bank of the Roch, a
little distance west of the church,1 has an area of
3,812 acres, lying on the south side of the river just
named. The town of Rochdale now occupies a
large portion of the area. The ancient hamlets were :
Castleton Glebe, 237^ acres ; Marland (including two
detached portions), 1,837^ ; Buersill (with a detached
portion), 1,141 ; Lower Lane, 285 ; Newbold, 310.

The surface is comparatively level, sloping somewhat
towards the north.

The principal roads are those from Rochdale south-
west and west through Marland to Bury, with a
branch south through Castleton village, formerly
called Blue Pits, to Middleton and Manchester -r
south through Buersill and Balderstone to Oldham ;.
and east to Milnrow. The Lancashire and Yorkshire
Railway from Manchester to Halifax passes through
the township, having stations at Castleton and Roch-
dale ; near the former is a junction with the line
from Bury, and to the east of the latter branches go-
off south-east to Oldham and north-west to Bacup.
An electric tramway extends to Middleton. The
Rochdale and Manchester Canal, formed about
1802-4, starts at Rochdale and goes through Castle-
ton village ; on the south side of Rochdale it is joined
by the rather earlier Todmorden Canal, which pro-
vides conveyance into Yorkshire.

Heywood Cemetery lies in the north-west corner
of the township. At Marland is the hospital for
infectious diseases, formerly the workhouse ; it was
purchased by the Corporation of Rochdale in 1886.

On the north side of Marland, by the Roch, is a
wooded clough known as Tyrone's Bed, a story in-
vented by Roby and William Nuttall (d. 1840)
gaining currency that the Earl of Tyrone, outlawed by

W A report on the charities, issued by
the Commissioners in 1828, is reprinted
(except for Todmorden) in the End. Char.
Ref. for Rochdale, excluding the borough,
issued in 1904. The Saddleworth Chari-
ties were included in 1828, but not in
1904.

The educational endowments are those
for a grammar school, £5 5 6s. 8d. ; for
the Free English School, founded by the
Hardmans about 1770, ,£164 i8j. 8</. ;
for clothing and teaching six poor girls,
founded by Dorothea Holt, 1717,
£6 141. 4</.; for Milnrow School, £23 151.5
for Ogden School, £92 41. 2</., partly ap-
plicable to clothing poor children ; for
Hollinworth School, £28 171. 8J</., also
partly applicable for clothing ; for Little-
borough School, £17 5*. 4</. ; for Small-
bridge National School, £2 2t. ; for
Whitworth Free School, £14. lot. ; for
John Taylor's Charity, formerly Toad
Lane School, Spotland, £89 141., now

I applied to the Technical School.

1 The report of 1828 also records an en-
dowment of £150, producing £6 i$i. a
year, for the school at Todmorden.

A benefaction by Thomas Guest, 1731,
was intended for a school at Blackwater,
but this had failed before 1828.

For the Hardman family above men-
tioned, see the account of Allerton in
Childwall.

iso Tije endowment in 1826 consisted of

i £6,365 consols, which has been increased

' by the addition of unused income, so that
the stock is now £8,872, producing an
income of £221 1 6s. This is expended
in apprenticing boys and girls from the

, whole parish of Rochdale, about sixteen
grants being made yearly.

181 The original endowment consisted of
four cottages in Spotland. In 1828 these
were occupied as two public-houses, and
the gross income was £116 a year. After
repairs, &c., had been paid, also £ I to the
incumbent of Todmorden for a sermon,
about £50 was expended in clothing for
the poor, according to the benefactor's
desire. In 1893 the estate was sold, and the

purchase money invested in £5,383 lOs.
consols in the name of the official trus-
tees. A new scheme was made in 1896,
by which, after the payment of £i to the
vicar of Todmorden for the charity ser-
mon, £10 yearly is specially appropriated
to the old township of Castleton, and the
remainder to the whole parish (including
Castleton). The money is to be expended
on subscriptions or donations to a conva-
lescent home, and to assisting patients to
travel to such home ; also in providing
nurses for the sick and infirm. The annual
income now amounts to £134 in. 8</.

182 Mary Shepherd in 1702 left £120
to buy land or a rent-charge for the benefit
of six poor women in Whitworth. Land
in Butterworth was purchased, but has
since been sold, and the proceeds invested
in £680 consols. The income, £1701. 4</.,
is distributed by the vicar of Whitworth
in doles to the poor.

188 Miss Mary Holt of Broadhalgh, in
Spotland, by her will of 1869 left £500
for the poor. This is now represented by
£403 consols held by the Official Trus-
tees, and producing £10 is. $d. yearly.
The vicar of St. Clement's, Spotland, and
others administer the fund under a scheme
made in 1899, orders for clothing, flannel,
or blankets to the value of icw. each being
distributed once a year.

184 Mrs. Grantham, mother of Dorothea
Holt, about 1700 left £30 for the poor,
the interest of which had been distributed
in baize mantles to six poor widows of
Castleton and Rochdale. The daughter
continued the charity, and by accumula-
tions the capital had reached £80 in 1828.
It was found difficult to distribute the in-
come as the testatrix directed, and further
accumulations have increased the capital to
£107 consols, now held by the official
trustees. The vicar of Rochdale now
devotes the interest, £2 131. 8d.t to the
stipend of a nurse working in Castleton.

Alexander Butterworth in 17 14 charged
Croft Head Farm with £5 payable at
Christmas to the poor of Milnrow chapelry.
The charge is still paid, the vicar and

2OI

churchwardens of Milnrow distributing it
to the poor in doles of zs. or zs. 6d.

John Wolfenden in 1688 left £100 for
the poor of Hundersfield ; this was lost
about 1 800, because the attorney who held
the capital could not recover money owing
by the township, and therefore discon-
tinued paying interest.

John Brearley in 1692 left £50 for the
poor of Spotland. The money was spent
on land in Whitworth and Wardle, and the-
rent in 1828 spent on linen distributed by
the overseers. The land was afterwards-
sold, and the capital is now represented
by a rent-charge of £11 vested in the
official trustee. The money is expended,
under a scheme of 1897, in subscriptions1
to the Rochdale Infirmary and the Rossen-
dale Blind Society for the benefit of the
poor of Spotland.

The Rev. Francis Allen Minnitt in
1889 gave to the official trustees £200 for
the poor of Christ Church, Healey, the
vicar and churchwardens having the distri-
bution. The income, £6 71. 3</., is given
chiefly to the sick and destitute, but money
has also been given to cricket clubs, &c.,.
entertainment and instruction being among
the objects contemplated by the founder.

The ecclesiastical endowments include
the Milnrow Bellringers" Charity, Little-
borough Church Repair Fund, Wesleyans
Chapel at Bagslate ; St. Saviour's Church,
Bacup ; and Providence Baptist Chapel,.
Bacup.

In the 1828 report it is stated that
Richard Clegg, vicar of Kirkham (d. 1720),.
gave £16 to Todmorden and Walsden to
be lent, without interest, in sums of £4.
each, to poor men or widows. This charity
still existed when the report was drawn*
up.

1 The phrase ' Villa Castelli de Rache-
ham ' occurs in an early 13th-century
charter ; Whallty Coucher (Chet. Soc.), ii,
599. The castle ditch is named in another
deed ; ibid, ii, 608. A plan of the castle
hill in 1823 will be found in H. Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 6;. Nothing is known of
the history of the castle.

26

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Elizabeth, took refuge there.* ' Kill Danes,' by the
Castle Hill, has, of course, the explanation that Danish
invaders were slain there at some remote time.1

Part of Castleton was taken into the borough of
Rochdale on its formation in 1856. A local board
for the remainder was created in 1875,* but the
boundaries were afterwards altered.4 The district
became a township in 1 894,® but was taken into the
borough of Rochdale in igoo.7 The former town-

ship of Castleton is now chiefly within Rochdale
borough ; but small parts lie within the borough of
Hey wood and the new township of Milnrow.

A ' mine ' in Castleton, perhaps a stone quarry, is
mentioned in 136 5."

The manor of MARLAND and 9 ox-

MANORS gangs of land in CASTLETON were

given to Stanlaw Abbey by Roger and

Henry de Lacy and others.9 The abbots probably

CASTLETON HALL

8 Harland and Wilkinson, Traditions,
60.

8 The real meaning of the name is
supposed to be « Well Valley.'

4 Land. Gaz. 2 July 1875.

* Parts of Hopwood and Thornham
were included in 1879 ; 42 & 43 Viet,
cap. 86.

6 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order, 32287.

7 Loc. Govt. Bd. Order P 1639 ; at
the same time a small part was included
in Hey wood ; ibid. P 1640.

8 De Banco R 419, m. 102 ; Abbot of
Whalley -v. Roger Brown.

9 A large number of charters relating
to the Rochdale estates of the abbey will
be found in the Wballey Coucbcr (Chet.
Soc.). In 1 21 2 the abbey held 6 ox-
gangs in alms by grant of Roger de Lacy,
and in 1358 it was stated that Roger had
granted 4 oxgangs in Castleton, as well as
the manor of Marland, and that Henry
de Lacy had afterwards added 5 oxgangs in
Castleton, all which grants had been duly
confirmed ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 40 ; Assize R.
438, m. 4.

The grant of Marland seems to have
been due to Alan de Marland, who about
1 200 gave his estate there — which, it
appears, was a moiety — to Roger de Lacy,
who soon afterwards transferred it to the
monks of Stanlaw with Alan's concur-
rence. A rent of 40^. was due to Hugh
de Eland ; Whalley Coucher, ii, 590-3,

This land probably counted as 2 of the
6 oxgangs recorded in 1212. The other
moiety was given to the monks by Adam
de Bury, who had procured its surrender
by his tenant Thomas de Bamford ; a
rent of 32(/. was due from this portion ;
ibid, ii, 593-5. The rent due to the
chief lords amounted to 6s. In 1304 Wil-
liam de Lightollers, perhaps heir of the
chief lord of the second moiety of Mar-
land, released to the monks all his right
in the grange of Marland and lands in
Castleton ; ibid, ii, 631.

Roger de Lacy also granted 4 oxgangs
in Castleton ; ibid, i, 153. As the char-
ter is placed among those relating to the
church, it is probable that these were the
4 oxgangs afterwards appropriated to the
vicarage ; and in turn may be identical
with those granted by Henry de Eland to
Alexander son of Andrew the priest, at a
rent of ^zd,, which Andrew the son of
Alexander de Castleton granted to Stan-
law, together with his title in the mill of
Sudden ; ibid, ii, 607, 606. John de
Lacy also gave 4 oxgangs, perhaps the
same, which had belonged to Humphrey
de Lascales and Award Brown, at a rent
of 31., and released his claim to the mill ;
ibid, ii, 601-2. Some other grants
appear to be surrenders by the actual
occupiers of the lands ; thus Ellis son of
Award Brown gave to the monks an
oxgang, which he held by the service of
serjeanty ; ibid, ii, 610, 612. John son

202

of Reynold the Gynour also gave an
oxgang, called the Great Bromyrod (now
Brimrod) ; ibid, ii, 609. This account is
not quite satisfactory, as the total rent
due to the chief lord should have been
1 21., whereas only 81. 8</. or 91. is recorded
above.

In 1277 Henry de Lacy gave to Stan-
law 5 oxgangs in Castleton, previously
held at will by the monks ; ibid, ii, 595.
The monks appear to have purchased
from the occupiers ; thus Adam son of
Dolphin de Healy gave 2 oxgangs, lying
beside the Roch, to his brother Henry, at
a rent of i6</., and Henry gave them to
Stanlaw for 161. 8</., surrendering also his
claim to Sudden mill ; ibid, ii, 596-8.
He sold a further oxgang, held of Robert
de Flamborough, at a rent of 8</.; and
Robert not only confirmed the grant, but
added two more oxgangs, purchased from
the above-named Adam, to be held at a
rent of i6</., the monks giving him 20*.;
ibid, ii, 598-600.

Many place and field names occur in
the charters ; a ' dead water ' called Two-
foldhee lay near the Roch, some way to
the west of the castle ; ibid, ii, 608, 603.

The Abbot of Stanlaw had £3 assized
rent in Rochdale in 1291 ; Pope Nicb. Tax.
(Rec. Com.), 259.

The tenure of the lands of the monks
appears to have been as uneventful as
usual. In 1 306 Isabel widow of Robert
de Liversedge claimed dower in Castleton

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

regarded all their lands in Rochdale as forming one
manor ; but afterwards each of the purchasers appears
to have regarded his share as a separate ' manor.' At
the confiscation James Gartside was the monks' bailiff,
and it was recorded that once a year a court had been
kept at ' Overland,' all their tenants attending.10

The Castleton estate was in 1542 sold by Henry
VIII to Robert Holt of Stubley,11 and the family
afterwards made Castleton their chief residence.113
Like Stubley it descended to the Chethams and Win-
stanleys.12 The hall was by Clement Winstanley in
1772 sold or mortgaged to persons13 who eleven years
later sold it to James Walmsley of Goose Lane ; and
he sold it to Thomas Smith of Sparth. Ellen, one
of his daughters and co-heirs, carried it in marriage
to the Entwisles of Foxholes.

CASTLETON HALL is an irregularly-shaped two-
storied stone-built house, its principal front facing east 1Sa
towards the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, which
passes close by it. The building is said to have been
built in the reign of Elizabeth, and is
described in 1626 as 'a fair mansion
house, being built with freestone,' to
which were attached ' stables, oxhouse,
and dovehouse, also gardens, orchards,
and courts.' " Part of this late 1 6th or
early 17th-century house yet stands,
retaining most of its ancient features,
including the hall with its bay window
and kitchen wing at the north end, and
the mullioned windows and stone gables.
The south wing seems to have been
pulled down in 1719, when the rect-
angular pile of building, which now
forms the larger part of the house, was
built by Samuel Chetham. It is in a
simple classic style with high sash win-
dows, overhanging cornice, and hipped
roof, has a frontage of 62 ft. 9 in., and
stands 26 ft. in front of the older por-
tion of the house at its south end. At
this point is a good lead rain-water head
dated 1719. The back of the build-
ing has an irregular outline made up by
additions and rebuildings of later dates, of no parti-
cular interest.

The great hall now forms the principal entrance to
the house, the door being at its north-east corner. It
is 30 ft. in length and 21 ft. in width, with a paved
stone floor, and has a bay window I oft. wide and
5 ft. 6 in. deep at the south-east. In addition to the
bay window it is lit on the east side by a seven-light

mullioned and transomed window. The walls are
panelled in oak to the height of the top of the door-
ways, leaving a plain plaster frieze above, and the
ceiling is of plaster, probably of the i8th century,
with moulded ribs. In the upper lights of one of
the windows is a series of shields representing the
arms of the Holts and their alliancess : 1S Radcliffe of
Todmorden, Radcliffe of Ordsall, Talbot of Salesbury,
Stanley, Towneley of Towneley, Legh of Adlington,
and Byron of Clayton.

In the lower part of the window are the arms of
Hopwood of Hopwood and of Chetham.

In the upper part of another window are the arms
of Seyvell of Tankersley,16 Holt of Gristlehurst,
Atherton of Atherton, Robert Holt of Castleton,
Assheton of Middlcton, and Trafford of Trafford.
In the lower lights are Entwisle of Foxholes, and
Smith of Castleton.

There are also fragments of heraldic and German
glass inserted, dated 1616 and 1630, but they have

CASTLETON HALL : THE MAIN STAIRCASE

no connexion with the house. The kitchen is on
the north side of the hall, and is 26 ft. long and
1 7 ft. 3 in. in width, with a fireplace opening 1 2 ft.
wide and 3 ft. 6 in. deep on its north side, now filled
with a modern range. It is lit by a six-light mul-
lioned and transomed window at the east end, and
the ceiling is crossed by three beams.

A small oak staircase with twisted balusters gives

against the abbot ; the third of a rent of
7*. \d. was included ; De Banco R. 160,
m. 113 d. ; 161, m. 343. This would
be the chief rent of the 5 oxgangs last
acquired. In 1353 the Abbot of Whalley
successfully resisted a claim for a rent of
6*. as due from his manor of Marland to
the Duke of Lancaster; Assize R. 435,
m. n d. In the time of Richard II and
Henry IV the abbot had to make good
his title to a number of parcels alleged to
have been alienated without the royal
licence; Q.R. Memo. R. 159; L.T.R.
Memo. R. 163, m. xiii ; 166, m. 113.

Licences of alienation to Whalley Abbey
may be seen in Cal. Pat. 1330-4, p. 384 ;
1340-3, p. 23; 1343-5. P- Si-

Castleton Moor was recovered from the
abbot ; Lanes, Inq.f.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 89.

10 W 'bailey Coucber, iv, 1 224-32. Over-
land is perhaps an error of transcription
for Merland.

11 Pat. 33 Hen. VIII, pt. 6, m. 14;
there were included various messuages and
lands, a mill, and a fulling-mill ; also a
close called Lycott in Hundersfield. 'A
close called Lyrol ' had been occupied by
Richard Schofield, at a rent of 6s. S</.;
Wballey Coucber, iv, 1231.

lla The Holts had land in Castleton long
before they acquired the lordship ; Final
Cone, iii, 31 ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 17. Robert Holt, who died in 1554,
was found to have held the manor of
Castleton in chief, by the tenth part of a
knight's fee, and a rent of 221. 4§</.;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 7.

12 See the account of Stubley. Ac-

203

cording to the Survey of 1626 Robert
Holt held Castleton House, Gorehill, and
Deeplish, with 464 acres of land, and
nearly 400 acres in Castleton Moor ;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxi, 4, 9.
The manors of Castleton, Naden, and
Marland were held by James Holt and
Dorothy his wife in 1704 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 269, m. 12.

M Com. Pleas Recov. R. Trin. 13
Geo. Ill, m. 124.

isa More correctly south-east.

14 Fish wick, Rochdale in the beginning
of the \jth Century (Hist. Soc. of Lanes,
and Ches. xxxviii 1886).

15 Fishwick, Hist, of the Parish of Roch-
dale, 310-11.

"Ibid. 311.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

access from the back of the hall to the upper rooms
of the older part of the house.

At the south-east corner of the hall, near to the
bay window, a door opens into the main corridor of
the 1 8th-centuiy wing, which contains two lofty
rooms on the ground floor with elaborate plaster
ceilings. Both rooms are panelled and have good
fireplaces, and are excellent examples of the style of
the period. The staircase, which leads from the
corridor close to the door from the older part of the
building, is a fine example of early 18th-century
Renaissance detail, with large open twisted balusters
and massive square carved newels.

Marland was in 1540 sold by the Crown to Thur-
stan Tyldesley, together with the Whalley lands in
Swinton.17 In the time of Elizabeth it was pur-

chased by the Radcliffes of Langley,18 and by them
sold* in 1630 to the Holts of Stubley.19 A local
family took its surname from the place.10

BUERSILL*1 was an estate anciently held by
the Hospitallers.21 About 154.0 the tenant was John
Stafford, who paid a quit-rent of 1 3^." It was after-
wards sold to the Byrons,24 who sold it to a large
number of occupying holders.85 In 1626 the quit-
rent was payable to the Earl of Derby. At the same
time James Halliwell of Pike House had land there.26
BALDERSTONE gave its name to a local family,"
who were succeeded by the Holts,28 Gartsides,29 and
Heywoods ; M but there had been much subdivision,
and Robert Heywood in 1626 had but a few acres.
The chief holders were Robert Holt,31 and Charles
son of John Holt,*1 the latter having the hall. The

W Pat. 3 2 Hen. VIII, pt. 4. For the

Tyldesleys see the account of Wardley in
Eccles.

18 Richard Radcliffe and Owen his son
and heir apparent in 1565 purchased from
Thurstan Tyldesley, Margaret his wife,
and other members of the family, ten
messuages, 1,000 acres of land, 2,000
acres of moor, &c., in Marland, Castle-
ton, and Spotland ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 27, m. 202. Owen Radcliffe
and Edmund Radcliffe secured the same
estate, or an additional portion of it, from
William Sherington, Elizabeth his wife,
and Gilbert Sherington in 1578; ibid,
bdle. 40, m. 8. Owen Radcliffe in 1589
made a settlement of his estate in Castle-
ton and Spotland ; ibid. bdle. 51, m. 42.

An account of Langley and its owners
•will be found under Middleton. In 1604
Edmund Radcliffe died in possession often
messuages, lands, &c., in Marland, not
described as a manor, held of the king by
the hundredth part of a knight's fee ; he
held other messuages, &c., in Castleton by
services unknown, and others in Spotland
of Sir John Byron ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 21-2. In 1626
Henry Radcliffe, the only freeholder
mentioned, held 720 acres in Marland,
•which he had received from his great-uncle
Richard Radcliffe ; Raines MSS. xxi,
10. Henry died in 1630 holding the
4 manor of Marland ' of the king by
knight's service ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xxvii, no. 25.

19 Robert Holt purchased the manor of
Marland with messuages, lands, &c., in
Marland and Castleton, from Richard
Radcliffe and Elizabeth Radcliffe, widow.
The vendors gave warranties against the
heirs and assigns of Henry Radcliffe
(father of Richard), Edmund Radcliffe,
Owen Radcliffe, and Richard the father of
Owen ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 117,
no. 1 1 ; Clowes D. no. 20.

20 For the earlier bearers of the name
see Whalley Coucher. Henry Marland
was vicar of Rochdale from 1426 to
1455. For later members of it see Fish-
wick, op. cit. 312.

21 It gave a name to residents ; see
Whalley Coucher , ii ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 34.

M See Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.),

375-

23 Rental in Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84 ;
the rent should no doubt be i^\d.t as in
the manor survey of 1626.

24 Twelve messuages, lands, &c., in
Nether Buersill and Castleton were in
1 554 sold to Sir John Byron by William
Stafford and Lawrence son of John Staf-
ford ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 15,

m. 6. The manor of Buersill is named
among the ByVon estates in 1582 ; ibid,
bdle. 44, m. 223.

25 Survey of 1626 ; Raines MSS. xxi,
21. The acreage is given as 680.

26 Ibid. 23.

27 Adam de Balderstone attested a
charter in the time of Henry III ; Whal-
ley Coucher •, iii, 645 ; John son of Hugh
de Balderstone in 1290 released to the
monks of Stanlaw his right in the service
of Richard son of Andrew de Haworth ;
ibid, iii, 723. Henry de Balderstone
about 1300 made a grant of all his part of
the waste of Buersill Moor to Sir Richard
de Byron ; Byron Chartul. no. 68/176.
More extended grants were made by
Henry de Balderstone to Sir Richard and
Sir James de Byron in 1347 and 1348 re-
spectively ; ibid. no. 19/188, no. 21/189.
This was perhaps a trust, for Sir James
at once granted them back to Henry for a
term of sixteen years ; ibid. no. 22/200.

28 Thomas Urmston in 1414 released
to trustees, including James Holt, all his
right in lands in Castleton formerly be-
longing to Henry de Balderstone ; Dods.
MSS. cxvii, fol. 164. Shortly afterwards
the estate is found in possession of James
del Holt and Eleanor his wife ; a settle-
ment made in 1419 gives remainders, in
default of male issue, to Henry del Holt,
bastard, Elizabeth wife of Ellis de Buck-
ley, and Agnes wife of Bernard de Butter-
worth. James was a son of Geoffrey del
Holt; ibid.

From a plea of 1424 it is evident
that James de Chetham (of Nut-
hurst) and Eleanor his wife (a daughter
of EUis de Buckley) had a share of the
estate ; ibid. It was afterwards settled
on the above-named Elizabeth Buckley.
James Holt dying without heir Henry
Holt succeeded, and was followed by his
son Henry, who died in 1520 without male
issue. He was known as Henry Holt of
Balderstone, and held nine messuages,
300 acres of land, &c., in Castleton, of
the king as of his duchy by services un-
known ; the heir was Ellis Buckley son
of Richard, grandson of the above Ellis
and Elizabeth Buckley, aged forty years ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, no. 31.

29 In 1557-8 Roger Gartside claimed
against Gabriel, bastard son of James
Gartside, four messuages, 200 acres
of land, &c., in Castleton, which
Henry Marland and others had [about
1450] given to Agnes Gartside, Eliza-
beth Townley, and Alice Belfield,
daughters of a certain Henry Holt ; the
lands were afterwards divided, and James
Gartside, as son and heir of the said
Agnes, had granted her share to Roger as

2O4

his brother and heir ; Dods. MSS. cxvii,
fol. 166 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 203, m.
7 ; 204, m. 14.

Henry's daughters did not obtain their
right without a lawsuit ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), i, 200 ; ii, 40 ; Fishwick,
Rochdale, 318.

By a settlement in 1565 Roger Gart-
side and Isabel his wife provided that their
estate of six messuages, lands, &c., in
Castleton should descend to their daugh-
ters Margery and Agnes, the latter being
then wife of Robert Holt ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 27, m. 166. A partition
or sale of lands in Castleton was in 1579
made by Charles Holt, Peter Heywood
and Margery his wife, John Holt, and
Thomas Holt and Robert his son and heir,
acting together ; ibid. bdle. 41, m. 14.
Peter Heywood and Margery his wife
held six messuages, &c., in Castleton in
1580 ; ibid. bdle. 42, m. 50. Peter Hey-
wood held of Robert Savile or of John
Bradyll ; Ducatus, iii, 22, 35,43.

80 In 1590 part of the land (26 acres)
was granted to Peter Heywood and Mary
[Margery] his wife, daughter and co-heir
of Roger Gartside, who in 1626 were re-
presented by their son Robert Heywood ;
Surv. of 1626 (p. 8). Margery Hey-
wood, widow of Peter, had died in 1602,
holding six messuages, &c., in Castleton
of John Holt of Stubley, and leaving a
son and heir Robert, then aged twenty-
nine ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xviii,
no. 47.

31 He is described as 'grandson of
Charles Holt of Stubley,' and held 72
acres ; Surv. 7. Thus he was not the
Robert son of Thomas of the fine of 1579
quoted above.

Charles Holt appears as purchaser from
James Chadwick in 1564; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 26, m. 196, 239. He
had a messuage and lands in Castleton
in 1574, which in the following year
he granted for life to Ottiwell Holt,
Isabel his wife, and Alexander his son ;
ibid. bdle. 36, m. 134 ; 37, m. 93. Otti-
well Holt was of Brimrod ; the pedigree
is given (Holt of Mosside, Marland) in
Fishwick, Rochdale, 330-3.

82 Surv. 7 ; he held 64 acres.

John Holt had in 1577 — perhaps by
purchase from the heirs of Henry Holt —
an estate of eight messuages, lands, &c.,
in Balderstone, Castleton, and Hunders-
field ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 39,
m. 139. Charles Holt in the following
year purchased land from John Talbot and
Robert his bastard son ; ibid. bdle. 40, m.
68. John Talbot and Mary his wife had in
1566 sold a messuage and lands in Balder-
stone and Kirkholt to George Cowper, and

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

Chethams of Nuthurst long held the Slack in Balder-
stone,33 and as heirs of the Buckleys had a rent-charge
in Balderstone.34 The moor of Buersill appears to
have been long in dispute "between the owners of
Balderstone and Butterworth.35 LOWER PLACE
was in 1626 held by Robert Holt, in virtue of a gift
by his great-grandfather Thomas Holt.36

NEWBOLD anciently gave a surname to the
owners,57 and in 1626 James Newbold held 74 acres
there by knight's service, and John Newbold held
10 acres.38 The other tenants were Richard Scho-
field, who held 72 acres which had formerly belonged
to the Buckley family;39 and Edward Butterworth,
who held 32 acres for which a rent of 6d. was due
to Richard Schofield.

Newbold Hall is a small two-storied stone building
occupying three sides of a quadrangle. It stands on
high ground facing north-east, about a quarter of a
mile south-west of Belfield Hall, and separated from
it by the valley of the Stanney Brook. The situa-
tion must originally have been a fine one, but the
house now fronts on to a narrow street, and is in the
midst of mean surroundings. The building appears
to date from the i6th century, with later work in
parts, and the north wing, which was until recently
used as a public-house, has been almost entirely
modernized and rebuilt. The central and south
wings of the original building remain, but are in a
sadly dilapidated condition. The house has been
divided into tenements, but only two portions are at
present (1908) occupied, and the rest of the building
is rapidly going to decay. The walls are constructed
of rough stones in narrow courses, and the quoins,
which are of a hard gritstone, are of great size, some
being 4 ft. long. The roofs are covered with grey

stone slates, and the windows have all been originally
long mullioned openings without transoms. Some
of the old windows remain, but others are built up
or modernized. The south wing of the house is
almost detached from the centre portion, and may
possibly have been added subsequently to the original
building. What is now the central wing has a pro-
jection at its south end, both back and front, of about
6 ft., forming on the front a kind of bay in the angle
of the courtyard ; but the plan of the original house
is not quite clear. The courtyard was about 40 ft.
across, but nearly one-half of it has been built upon
in recent times, and a modern cottage now occupies
its north side, abutting on to the north wing, and
effectually destroying the original appearance of the
house on this side. The wings project each about
30 ft., but the east gable of the south wing is some
distance in front of that of the north owing to the
broken line of the central portion of the house. The
east side of the courtyard to the street is inclosed by
a high stone wall with entrance gateway and well-
designed 17th-century gate piers, the caps of which
are placed diagonally and have ball finials. The gate-
way was formerly in the centre of the court, between
the two wings, but when the north end of the court-
yard was built upon was removed to its present posi-
tion in the centre of the east wall of the now reduced
quadrangle. The principal entrance to the house
was under a four-centred arched doorway in the north-
west corner of the courtyard, but this is now hidden
by the new building. The house is a good example
of the smaller stone-built halls of this part of the
county, which form a striking contrast to the preva-
lent wood and timber construction of the less hilly
districts.

purchased others from William Charnley,
Thomas Lussell and Jane his wife ; ibid,
bdle. 28, m. 212, 242 ; see also Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 238, 317.

Charles Holt died in 1628 holding the
capital messuage called Balderstone Hall,
with water-mill, messuages, and lands
in Balderstone below Castleton ; also
messuages, &c., in Walsden in Hunders-
field. The Balderstone estate was held of
Robert Holt of Stubley. His heir was
his grandson John, son of Samuel Holt,
aged nearly sixteen years ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 1 1.

John Holt's son Richard sold Balder-
stone Hall in 1713 to Timothy White-
head of Lidyate in Saddleworth, and it has
changed hands several times since then.
Herbert Radcliffe owned it at his death
in 1904. See Fishwick, Rochdale, 320.

88 Thomas de Chetham, who died in
1383, held land called the Slack of the
heirs of Henry de Balderstone in
socage ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1463.
This appears to be the messuage and land
in Castleton recorded in later inquisitions,
the tenure being unknown ; e.g. Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 62. In 1521
Thomas Chetham of Nuthurst and John
Cudworth of Werneth became bound to
Alice Holt of Balderstone to abide an ar-
bitration as to the Slack ; Clowes D.
no. I. Alice, who was the widow of
Henry Holt, appears to have surrendered
the place, which in 1524 Thomas Chet-
ham granted to his brother Ellis for life 5
ibid. no. 6. From a rental of 1521 it
appears that Henry Holt had paid a rent
of 6s, %d. for the Slack ; ibid.

84 The estate of James de Chetham and

Eleanor de Buckley his wife hat been men-
tioned in a preceding note. In later dis-
putes it was agreed that the Chethams
should have a rent of 1 31. ^d. from Balder-
stone. By subdivision it was increased to
13*. 6d.t thus in 1677 — From James
Worrall, Alexander Wolstenholme, James
Whitworth (two), each it. i\d. — 41. 6d, ;
from Mrs. Holt of Balderstone, 41. 6d. ;
and from Mrs. Gaskell's, for that which
was John Worsley's, 41. 6d. ; Clowes D.

85 William de Slack in 1342 granted his
lands in the moor to Sir Richard de Byron,
who, as stated above, had already pro-
cured a grant from Henry de Balderstone;
and in 1539 James Gartside granted Dyke-
gate, &c., to John Byron ; D. in the
Surv. of 1626 (Raines MSS. xxi, 28).

For a settlement of boundaries in 1552
see Fishwick, op. cit. 72 (quoting Duchy
Rec. iv, C.I. 5 Edw. VI). For disputes
as to the rights of pasture on the moor be-
tween Sir John Byron on one side and
William Stafford and others on the other,
see Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 222, 250,
274 ; ii, 92.

86 Surv. of 1626, p. 5 ; he held 23 3 acres.
He was the son of Adam Holt, who died
in 1621, holding lands in Castleton of
John Holt of Stubley in socage by a rent
of zd.f and other lands in Wardle (includ-
ing Crolesse Farm) of Sir John Byron by a
rent of 13^. ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 226-8 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 53. The
estate descended in the family for about a
century ; see Fishwick, op. cit. 324-6, for
pedigree.

In the same work (p. 327) will be found
the pedigree of Heape of Lower Place.

205

A rent of id. had formerly been paid to
Whalley Abbey by Richard Scholefield for
Malymehey ; Whalley CoucAer, iv, 1231.

87 Several of the name occur in the
Whalley Coucher. Geoffrey son of Robert
de Newbold in the latter half of the 1 3th
century gave the monks of Stanlaw a
small piece of land for a tithe-barn site ;
it stood on the north side of the road to
Butterworth; ibid, i, 161.

William son of Henry son of the Nun
of Newbold gave to his lord, Geoffrey de
Buckley, land in Newbold ; Add. MS.
32107, no. 426.

Edward Newbold died in 1620 holding
lands in Castleton and Butterworth of Sir
John Byron the younger in socage by a
rent of 4</., also in Hundersfield of the
same by a rent of ^d. James Newbold,
his son and heir, was over forty years old;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 193.

88 Surv. 1 6, 17 ; the total acreage of
the hamlet is given as 29$.

For later particulars of the Newbold
family see Fishwick, op. cit. 314-16.

89 Surv. iS.

Henry Schofield of Humber had five
messuages and lands in Castleton and
Hundersfield in 1569, and settled them
on his son Edward in 1583 ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 13 ; 45,
m. 41.

Richard Schofield of 1626 was a son
of Henry Schofield ; he held Newbold
Hall, but the estate was afterwards sold
several times. About a century ago it
was purchased by Joseph Newbold of
Rochdale, whose son Joseph owned it in
1889 ; Fishwick, op. cit. 316.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Roger Chadwick of Warmhole in Spotland held
43 acres in Castleton in 1626.*°

Among the estates may be named Goose Lane,
Hartley, and Crossfield.41 In 1626 there was some
copyhold land in Castleton hamlet.

In addition to the places of worship named in the
account of Rochdale, the following have in recent
times been erected in Castleton : — For the Church
of England, St. Martin's, Castleton Moor, 1 862," and
All Souls, 1899, the Bishop of Manchester collating
to each ; for the Wesleyans, United Free Methodists,
and Congregationalists,43 one each.

SPOTLAND

Spotland, 1276 ; Spotlond, 1292 ; variants are
Spotlaunde, Stoplond, 1292.

Wolstonesholm, 1276.

Whiteworth, 1330.

This township occupies the north-west part of the
parish, and has a total area of 14,174 acres. Its
name is allied to Spodden, a valley running from
north to south of it, down which flows a tributary,
the Spodden Brook, to join the Roch on the western
side of Rochdale. To the east and north-west of
this valley the surface rises to 1,500 ft.; the northern
end of the township, called Brandwood, occupies the
slope down to the Irwell, which forms the principal
boundary in that direction. The hamlets of this
township were : Catley Lane, 2,701^ acres ; Wood-
house Lane, 262 ; Chadwick, 717 ; Clay Lane, 90^ ;
Wolstenholme and Cheesden, 2,262^ ; Falinge, 278 ;
Healey, 853 ; Whitworth, Higher End, 1,247 ; and
Lower End, 2,894^- ; Brandwood, Higher End,
1,574 » and Lower End, 1,294.

Two principal roads spread out from Rochdale.
One goes northward up the Spodden, through Broad-
ley, Healey, Whitworth, Facit, and Shawforth, to
Bacup ; it is lined with houses and factories almost
all the way. The other goes west through Norden,
Wolstenholme, and Cheesden to Edenfield, where it
joins the road from Bury to Burnley. Between these
another road crosses Rooley Moor and Brandwood

Moor to reach Newchurch in Rossendale. The
Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway runs
north from Rochdale to Bacup, with stations named
Facit, Shawforth, and Britannia.

The 'Whitworth doctors,' famous in the latter
part of the 1 8th century and much of the igth, began
with the two brothers John and George Taylor ; the
last of the line died in I876.1

A curious 1 8th-century charm was found at Healey
in 1876.*

Part of Spotland was taken into the borough of
Rochdale on its formation, and additional portions
have been incorporated since. Brandwood has been
added to Bacup. The remainder of the ancient town-
ship is included in the modern districts of Norden
and Whitworth. The local board of Norden, a place
whose old name was Blackpits, was formed in 1878 ; it
became a township in 1 894. There are twelve members
in the urban district council, each of the four wards
— Catley Lane, Chadwick, Wolstenholme, and Wood-
house Lane — returning three. For Whitworth a local
board was formed in 1874 ;s this area also became a
township in 1894, and the urban district council has
twelve members, returned by four wards — Facit,
Healey, Shawforth, and Whitworth.

The stocks at Whitworth were formerly within the
chapel yard.

The ' Manstone,' on Monston Edge between
Healey and Wardle, has the popular explanation that
it was thrown by Robin Hood
from Blackstone Edge.

The principal

M4NOR landowners in
Spotland were the
Abbot and convent of Whalley,
their lands having been acquired
through a large number of dif-
ferent gifts ; * and after the con-
fiscation the Holts of Gristle-
hurst purchased the manor of WHALLKYABBIY.
SPOTL4NDS The Holts of G.u!ei {fhree ™hales \au~

_ , , . . . , riant from the mouth of

Stubleyalso claimed a manor each the head of
there ; it was called the manor issuant or.

40 Manor Surv. 6.

Elizabeth widow of Robert Chadwick
died in 1561 holding a messuage, &c., in
Castleton belonging to her husband, held
of the queen in chief by knight's service.
James Chadwick, brother of Robert, was
heir, and sixty years of age ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 9.

James Chadwick in 1564 purchased a
messuage in Castleton from Charles Holt;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 26, m. 239.
William Chadwick, as lessee of Katherine
Colling, widow, had in 1568 a dispute
with Otwell Colling (son of Katherine)
and Joan his wife, respecting the Green
Marled Earth in Castleton ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 361. Robert
Colling about 1540 was the tenant of
Bartles in Castleton ; several Chadwicks
were also tenants ; Wballey Coucber, iv,
1230.

41 See Fishwick, Rochdale, 321 —
Walmsley of Goose Lane ; 326 — Heape
of Hartley ; and 329 — Vavasour of Cross-
field.

48 The district was formed in 1863 ;
Land. Gaz. 1 3 Jan. Dr. Molesworth, vicar
of Rochdale, is buried here.

48 The Congregational Church at Castle-
ton, formerly Blue Pits, originated in

1866 ; a school chapel was built in 1870 ;
Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 253.

1 Fishwick, Rochdale, 85 5 Pal. Note-
bk. ii, 59 ; Oldham Notes and Gleanings,
i, 1 60.

8 Fishwick, op. cit. 534, with facsimile.

8 Land. Gam. 14 Aug. 1874.

4 See Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.), iii,
637-800; i, 153, &c. Adam son of
William de Eccles gave to Geoffrey son
of Geoffrey the Dean 4 oxgangs in Spot-
land held of Hugh de Eland by a rent of
4*. ; ibid, iii, 744, 746. Henry son of
Geoffrey de Whalley afterwards released
to Stanlaw Abbey all his right in the
4 oxgangs, being a fourth part of the vill
of Spotland ; the under-tenants were
Henry de Spotland, 2; Hugh de Thel-
wall, I ; and Michael son of Robert the
Reeve, I ; ibid, iii, 747. Robert son of
Essolt (or Astulf) de Asterleys, who had
previously surrendered his claim to Geof-
frey and Henry de Whalley, then released
it to the monks ; ibid, iii, 745, 748.
Hugh son of William de Thelwall after-
wards gave his oxgang and land in Fernylea
to the monks at a rent of 1 9 J</., and sub-
sequently released this rent ; ibid, iii, 750,
751. Michael son of Robert also resigned
his oxgang ; ibid, iii, 742.

2O6

5 The grant by Henry VIII to Thomas
Holt, made in 1542, included the manor
of Spotland with its appurtenances, Whit-
worth, Tong End, Rockliffe, and Brand-
wood ; a rent of £3 us. 4</. was to be
paid ; Pat. 33 Hen. VIII, pt. 6. Sir
Thomas Holt died in 1562, holding the
manor of Spotland, with lands and rents
in Spotland, Hundersfield, Whitworth,
Tong End, Rockliffe, Greave Clough,
Tong, Brandwood, Facit, Long Acres,
Horsecroft, Hallstead, Swineshead, Wol-
stenholme, Naden, Hallowes, and Falinge ;
the greater part was held of the queen in
chief by the fourth part of a knight's fee,
but small portions were held of Charles
Holt of Stubley, a minor, John Wolsten-
holme, and Robert Savile ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 46. ' See also
Lanes, Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 8 1-6, iii, 371-8, where some
family settlements are recited ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvi, no. 25 (Theophilus
Holt, 1628) ; and the account of Gristle-
hurst in Middleton parish. The estates
were dispersed soon after the Restoration,
but a ' manor of Spotland ' is named as
late as 1718, when Robert Heywood and
John Starky were in possession ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 279, m. 86. From

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

of N4DEN* The local name was used by one or
more families, including that of the reeve.7 In 1292
John de Lacy of Cromwellbottom claimed various
lands improved from the waste ; it was declared that
the Abbot of Whalley, Robert de Whitworth, Robert
son of Henry, and Richard son of Ivo, held the waste
in common.8

The old 'town of Spotland' afterwards became
divided into the hamlets of Catley Lane and Wood-
house Lane.9 The former included lands and es-
tates of which only a brief mention can be given :
Ellenrod,10 Brotherod,11 Coptrod,11 Caldershaw,
Broadley, Greave,15 Redfern,14 and some others ; 1S
the latter — Woodhouse " and Sidholme.17 The

pleadings quoted in Fishwick, Rocbdalct
78, it appears that courts were actu-
ally held in 1573, though there seems
never to have been a manor properly so
called. According to the Survey of 1626
Theophilus Holt had only 197 acres;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxi, 170.

6 In 1311 Henry de Lacy of Cromwell-
bottom held half a plough-land in Spotland
by the annual service of 201. ; De Lacy
Inq. (Chet. Soc.), 20. The service for
the sixth part of die manor of Rochdale
was thus charged on a small part of it.
The Stubley family would no doubt claim
in respect of the rights of these Lacys ;
see Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 31. In 1500 the messuage
and lands in Spotland held by Thomas
Holt, who died in 1494, were stated to
have been occupied by Richard Belheld ;
they were held of the king by knight's
service ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii,
no. 46. In 1555 and later the ' manor of
Spotland ' is named as part of the estate ;
ibid, x, no. 48 &c. Naden was in 1562
held by Thomas Holt (of Gristlehurst) of
Charles Holt of Stubley, who held of the
queen ; but a rent of 21. was payable and
6d. also to the Earl of Derby ; ibid, xi,
no. 46. Robert Holt in 1626 held
121 acres in the hamlet of Spotland and
claimed one messuage as his manor house ;
Surv. in Raines MSS. xxi, 171.

At Naden (Naueden or Naveden) a
minor Holt family were in occupation
about 1600; Fishwick, op. cit. 510. In
earlier times it had been given by Hugh
de Eland in free marriage with Margery
his daughter, wife of Gilbert de Notton ;
Whalley Coucbcr, iii, 640.

It gave a name to the immediate holders.
Maud widow of Thomas de Naden
claimed dower in a messuage and land in
Wolstenholme in 1277 against Roger son
of Robert de Naden ; De Banco R. 21,
m. 5 d, 58. Adam de Naden occurs in
1323-5, and John his son in 1325 ; Lanes.
Ct. R. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 17,
143, 150. Somewhat later Henry de
Naden is named as witness to a charter ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 4.
William de Naden was plaintiff in 1364
respecting lands in Spotland ; De Banco R.
418, m. 376. Isabel widow of Thomas
Naden claimed dower in Spotland in 1516
against James Holt ; Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. 119, m. 8. Part of Naden was held
by the Chadderton family.

The district known as Naden lies partly
in Wolstenholme.

7 Adam de Spotland, living about 1190,
gave to Rochdale Church 6 acres in Spot-
land in Watland Wood, Doning Booth,
and Chadwick by Ireford ; these were
granted to Alexander his son, a clerk, who
passed them on to his brother John ;
W 'bailey Coucber, iii, 727-31. Henry son
of John de Spotland granted Hugh son of
Martin meadow in the Mosiley, and after-
wards made a grant to Stanlaw ; ibid, iii,
732» 753« Hugh and Henry sons of
Martin de Spotland were also benefactors ;
ibid, iii, 736, 752. Martin is also called
«de Witley'; iii, 733.

Henry son of Geoffrey de Whalley gave

to Michael son of Robert the Reeve
(already mentioned) an oxgang in Spotland
at ii,\d. rent ; and Michael son of Robert
de Spotland gave half an oxgang to his
brother Alexander, lying on the Chadwick
side of Redbrook, within these bounds —
Redbrook, Catshaw, Selfull Lache, Grims-
ley Carr, Blacklache under Selfull, the
lache towards Naden, by Naden to Bag-
slate, Helesclough, Roch, Spotbrook, and
Redbrook ; but Redfern and Twofoldhee
were excepted ; ibid, iii, 739. Alexander
de Spotland afterwards gave this half ox-
gang of land to the monks of Stanlaw ;
ibid, iii, 741.

Randle de Spotland in 1292 claimed
common of pasture against the Abbot of
Stanlaw, but was nonsuited ; Assize R.
408, m. 30.

8 Assize R. 408, m. 68 d. ; some other
pleas at the same assize show a like
ownership ; m. 27 d, 73 d. Earlier than
this, in 1278, John de Lacy had com-
plained that the Abbot of Stanlaw, Robert
de Whitworth, and German his brother
had cut down his trees, &c. at Spotland ;
De Banco R. 23, m. 40.

Richard son of Ivo is probably the same
who occurs in Clegg in Butterworth.

9 These hamlets are not recognized in
the Survey of 1626. Catley is no doubt
connected with the Catshaw named in a
former note.

10 Alexander de ' Ailwarderod ' released
to the monks of Stanlaw the rent of id.
due to him from land purchased from his
brother Michael in Spotland, belonging to
an oxgang in Broadhalgh ; Wholly Coucber,
iii, 754. From another charter it appears
that this Alexander was also known as
Cotterel (iii, 759) ; he seems also to be the
Alexander son of Robert the Reeve already
mentioned.

In more recent times Ellenrod was
owned by a Chadwick family ; Fishwick,
op. cit. 496.

11 It was part of the Whalley lands.
Alan de Marland gave to Andrew his son,
at a rent of 2</., the land called Broderod
in Spotland with the appurtenances of
half an oxgang ; Whalley Coucher, iii, 762.
Andrew son of Alan de Marland by his
will left all his land in Spotland, held of
Adam his brother, to the monks of Stan-
law, together with his body ; the rent of
id. was to be paid to Adam and his heirs ;
ibid, iii, 790. The rent appears to be that
of Henry son of Martin for land in Witley
which was released by Adam ; ibid, ii,
600. Henry son of Henry de Witley
granted to the monks all his right in
Broderode ; ibid, iii, 678* About 1540
the wife of James Green was the tenant ;
ibid, iv, 1,225.

It formed part of the estate of the Holts
of Gristlehurst, and was in the 1 8 th cen-
tury purchased by James Royds of Deep-
lish, in whose family it has since de-
scended ; Fishwick, op. cit. 497.

13 A number of deeds about Copthurst
and Coptrod will be found in the Whalley
Coucber, iii, 733-6, 764 ; ii, 600. About
1540 James Gartside held 2 oxgates of
land and a ' peacle ' of pasture in Coptrod
at a rent of 161. %d. ; ibid, iv, 1226.

2O7

See also the account of the Linneys be-
low.

18 See Whalley Coucher, iii, 776, and
note ; also Fishwick, op. cit. 503. Edward
Rawsthorne in 1563 obtained two mes-
suages, &c. in Spotland from his father
Lawrence ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 25, m. 231.

14 Alexander son of Robert de Spotland
gave to the monks of Stanlaw the rent of
7\d. due from Henry de Redfern for
Fernilea and Redfern ; Whalley Coucher,

'»» 753-

Thomas Redfern, who died in 1601,
held a messuage in Redfern in Spot-
land and another in Wolstenholme ;
James, his son and heir, was fifty years
of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xviii, no. 28. See also Fishwick, op. cit.
506.

15 Among others whose holdings are
recorded in the Surv. of 1626 (ut sup.
173-7) are Henry son and heir of John
Hopwood, 75 acres, paying a rent of lod.
to (the assigns of) Savile ; Jordan Chad-
wick (see Healey), 47 acres, paying gd.
to Robert Holt; John Whittakers, 53
acres, paying 3;. to Robert Holt and 6d.
to Theophilus Holt ; the widow of Alex-
ander Butterworth (see Belfield), 89 acres ;
and the heir of Robert Holt of Ashworth
(see Wolstenholme) claimed 85.

Thomas Hopwood and Alice his wife
in 1575 made a settlement of their lands,
mill, &c.; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 37,
m. 78. Thomas died at Spotland on
2 January 1627-8, holding four messu-
ages, a water corn-mill, &c. in Spotland
and Hunderstield ; the heir was his grand-
son Henry (son of John, son of Thomas),
thirteen years of age. Priscilla, the
widow of John, afterwards married Robert
Chadwick. By a settlement made in
1609 the estates had been settled on
John and his heirs male, with remainder
to his daughter Alice. The lands were
held of Sir John Byron, except an acre in
Spotland, held of the king ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 70. The residence
was known as Spotland Gate. It was
at one time the property of W. Harri-
son Ainsworth, the novelist ; Fishwick,
op. cit. 515-18, where there is a pedi-
gree.

Samuel Hopwood, who died in 1640,
held a messuage, &c., in Spotland of
Robert Holt of Castleton and Thomas
Holt of Gristlehurst ; he left a son and
heir John, twenty-six years of age ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxix, no. 89. He
lived in Woodhouse Lane ; Fishwick, op.
cit. 518.

16 It was for several centuries the resi-
dence of a family named Bentley ; see
Fishwick, op. cit. 518.

Samuel Greave of Woodhouse in 1626
held various lands in Spotland, for which
he paid quit-rents as follows : To the
king, i 31. 4</. ; to the suppressed priory of
St. John, <)\d. ; and to Holt of Stubley,
izd. ; Surv. in Raines MSS. xxi, 179.

*7 This was formerly part of the estate
of the Radcliffes of Langley, and then of
the Bamfords ; see Fishwick, op. cit.
519.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

common lands in Spotland in 1626 measured 1,000
acres, including 67 z in Shore Moor, Hunger Hill,
&c.18

CHADWICK™ gave a surname to its principal
landowners, who can be traced from early times till
their extinction in the 1 8th
century.20 Oliver Chadwick
died in July 1542 holding a
capital messuage in Spotland
and various other messuages
and land there of Robert Holt
of Stubley in socage by a rent
of \id. ; Roger his son and
heir was twenty years of age.11
Roger died about the end of
1610," and his son Oliver in
1621 ; the latter held the
capital messuage, as before, of
John Holt of Stubley by a rent
of I zd., also other lands of James Holt and of Sir John
Byron by rents of 6d. and zd. respectively ; his son
and heir John was thirty years old.*s

John dying without issue about 1631 the estate
went to a cousin, also John Chadwick — son of Robert,
a younger son of the above-named Roger ; his son
Jonathan recorded a pedigree in 1664." Though
Jonathan had four sons and three daughters, all died
without issue, the last of the family being Sarah
Chadwick, who died in 1722, unmarried." She left
her estates to a relative, the Rev. Roger Kay,*6 and he

CHADWICK of Chad-
wick. Gules an escut-
cheon 'within an orle of
martlets argent.

gave Chadwick Hall to Bury Grammar School, on
refounding it in 1726."

CHADW1CK HALL is situated about \\ miles to
the west of Rochdale on the Bury Road, and is now a
farm-house. The date 1 620 is on a stone on the north
side, but the present house is only a fragment of the
building erected by Oliver Chadwick in that year. A
view of the hall as it existed in 1 799 l8 shows a long
two-story stone building, the principal front facing
south, with three gables and a projecting wing at the
east end. The north front had two gables only at its
east end, the western half being under one long roof
and having an upper bay window of eleven lights and
a porch leading into a through passage forming the
screens. At the north-east was a large detached barn
standing at right angles to the main building. This
barn, along with the whole of the west end of the
house, including the through passage-way, has now
disappeared, and all that remains is the original east
wing and adjoining hall, having a total frontage north
and south of 45 ft. The building shows two gables
on each front, with low mullioned windows with hood-
moulds, and has stone-slated roofs. There is some
oak panelling in one of the lower rooms, but other-
wise the interior of the house is without interest, and
the south side of the east wing has been modernized
and sash-windows inserted. A new barn was erected
about 1 840 to the east of the present house, on part
of the site of the destroyed wing.

In the same hamlet were the estates of Oakenrod w

18 Manor Surv. ut sup. 190.

19 Robert son of Adam de Spotland
gave to Henry son of Peter de Haworth
as much land within the bounds of Chad-
wick as pertained to 2 oxgangs of land, one
inherited and the other purchased from
John de Lacy, the said bounds being :
From the Roch to Redbrook, up this to
Catshaw, thence to Scholefull lache, to
Grimsley, up to Black lache, as far as
Naden, descending by Naden up to the
boundary between Chadwick and Bam-
ford, along this boundary as far as the
Roch, and so back to the starting-point ;
Whalley Coucher, iii, 796.

80 The Chadwicks were probably a
branch or continuation of one of the
Spotland families, for, as already stated,
about 1190 Adam de Spotland gave an
acre in Chadwick to Rochdale Church ;
ibid, iii, 727. Robert son of Adam de
Chadwick gave to Stanlaw Abbey some
land in Chadwick ; ibid, iii, 776. Henry
son of Martin de Spotland gave to Stan-
law the land his father had bought from
Robert de Chadwick within the bounds of
Sedewalhelin nabbe ; ibid, iii, 752. An-
drew son of Henry de Chadwick made
various grants to the monks, including a
release of \d. rent, dated 1308 ; ibid, iii,
785-7. Some of these grants mention
Ireford in Chadwick, and Robert son of
Andrew de Chadwick about 1250 gave the
monks two assarts in Ireford heys ; ibid,
iii, 789. Andrew son of Henry de Chad-
wick may be the same as Andrew son of
Henry de Spotland, who appears between
1277 and 1308 as releasing various small
rents due from the monks ; ibid, iii, 788,
797 5 and see ii, 605. Chadwick ford is
also named.

In 1369 William son of John de Chad-
wick and Agnes his wife purchased
various messuages and lands in Spotland
from Geoffrey de Lightollers and Cecily
his wife, Adam de Clegg and Agnes

his wife, and Adam del Brook and Mar-
garet his wife ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 175. William and
Henry de Chadwick were living in 1381 ;
Fishwick, Rochdale, 34.

Robert son of Nicholas de Chadwick in
1445 granted his lands to Henry son of
his brother John ; Fishwick, op. cit. 489
(quoting Sydhall title deeds). An estate in
Spotland and Hundcrsfield was in 1509
settled by Hugh Chadwick the elder, John
his son, and Hugh son of John ; but these
do not seem to have been of the Chadwick
Hall family ; Final Cone, iii, 167.

31 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 16.
About 1540 he held lands of the late
abbey of Whalley by a rent of u.; Whalley
Coucher, iv, 1225.

22 An abstract of his will is printed in
frills (Chet. Soc.) (new ser.), i, 206.

28 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 275. John Chadwick of
Chadwick Hall held 106 acres in 1626 ;
Surv. ut sup. 1 6 1.

« Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 73.

25 See Fishwick, op. cit. 487-90, where
there is a pedigree.

26 Corry, Lanes, ii, 552.

*7 Char. Rep. of 1828, xix, 2 1 6. The
gift included Coptrod, Bagslate, Bentwood,
and other lands in Spotland.

28 Illustrations of the north and south
fronts in 1799 *re given in Corry, Lanes.
i, 268.

29 Alexander de Ellenrod granted a
moiety of Oakenrod to the monks of
Stanlaw, and Alexander de Oakenrod, son
of Robert de Spotland, gave them all his
land in Twofoldhee ; Whalley Couchert iii,

755-6-

In 1273 Robert son of Alexander de
Oakenrod gave to Adam, son of Richard
son of John de Hulton (see the account
of Buckley), the rents due from Adam de
Bamford and another for pieces of land
in Chadwick ; Agecroft D. no. 333.

208

William de Turnagh acquired land in
Spotland in 1299 ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 188. He gave Adam
de Bradley lands in Oakenrod and the
Greave, to be held of the chief lords, John
de Eland and Henry de Lacy, by the ac-
customed services, viz. a rent of id. to
each ; Fishwick, op. cit. 491, quoting the
Survey of 1626.

In the reign of Elizabeth the Radcliffeg
of Ordsall held a messuage, fulling-mill,
&c., in Spotland and Oakenrod, of the
queen in socage ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xiii, no. 33 ; xv, no. 45.

Afterwards it passed into the possession
of the Gartsides, who held it for about a
century ; it is now owned by the Royds
family ; Fishwick, op. cit. 493-6, where
there is a pedigree.

James Gartside died 25 February
1625-6 holding a messuage and lands in
Spotland of Robert Holt, and leaving a
widow Isabel and three young daughters —
Susanna, Alice, and Anne — as heirs. He
left his lands to his brother Henry, who
was to give the daughters marriage por-
tions ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), 465. Henry Gartside held 75
acres in 1626 ; Surv. ut sup. 160. He
died 29 January 1636-7, holding Oaken-
rod below Rochdale of Robert Holt, and
leaving a son James, a year old. James
was the younger son, Gabriel the elder
having, it appears, died soon after hi*
father, who names him in his will. There
were also three daughters. Samuel,,
brother of Henry, was next heir male ;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 13, p. 466. See Dug-
dale, Vitit. (Chet. Soc.), 115.

Gabriel Gartside, who resided in Butter-
worth, was guardian to the heir of his
cousin Henry Gartside of Oakenrod, and
at the beginning of the Civil War was on
that account required to send a soldier to
the muster held by Lord Strange ; but,
according to his own story, he had tried to>

and Broadhalgh.30 O 4 KEN ROD HALL stands in a
commanding position on high ground above the River
Roch, and is a two-story stone-built house, with
stone-slated roofs, now in a state of semi-dilapidation
and let in several tenements. It overlooks the river
and has a long irregularly broken elevation of about
80 ft. to the east, which appears to have been added
to at various times ; but the principal front faces west
with a regular frontage of about 45 ft., with a north
wing, apparently a later addition, projecting some
2 5 ft., and a large stone chimney in its south gable.
There is no date on the building, but it appears to
have been erected about the middle of the 1 7th cen-
tury, probably replacing an older house on the same
site, but it was much altered about the beginning of
the 1 8th century during the residence of Edmund
Butterworth. The principal or west front has little
architectural distinction, the roof being straight with
overhanging eaves, and has five large mullioned and
transomed windows on each floor, with a central
entrance which preserves its original oak door and iron
hinges. The rectangular space in front is inclosed as
a garden by a fence wall with moulded coping, and
the old gate piers with square moulded caps still
remain opposite the entrance. There was formerly
another gateway to the garden at the south-west angle,
but this is built up and the piers gone. Both sets of

ROCHDALE

piers had formerly ornamental tops, but these have
disappeared. The east front must have been originally
the more picturesque, but it is now spoiled by addi-
tions and is in a bad state of repair. The walling is
of rough stone, and some of the windows retain their
old diamond quarries with wide leading painted white.
In the cottage at the south-east corner are the remains
of a fine oak staircase with twisted balusters and a
large tapering twisted newel-post going up to the
ceiling and supporting a beam above. The stairs are
apparently not in their original position, half balusters
coming awkwardly in front of a window.31

The hamlet of Clay Lane, in the western corner,
seems to have been taken out of Chadwick. Bagslate
Common in 1626 contained
1 1 4 acres.32

WOLSTENHOLME ap-
pears to have been held by the
Chethams.33 It likewise gave a
surname to the principal owner
or resident.34 The old hall was
a two-story stone-built house
with gables and mullioned win-
dows, but all trace of it has
now disappeared." In 1626 WOLSTKNHOI.MK of

• ' . * * , r Wolstenholme. Azure

the largest estate was that of a lion fassant guardant

Samuel Bamford of Bamford.36 bet-ween three pheons or.

withdraw the man from the king's side,
and had supplied men and money for the
Parliament. Unfortunately he was after-
wards 'encompassed by the enemy, sur-
prised, and brought into Lathom,' but
escaping made his way to the Parliamentary
quarters. His property was sequestered,
and though he took the National Coven-
ant he had to pay a fine of £28 ; Royalist
Composition Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 2-4. A pedigree was re-
corded in 1664—5.

80 John son of Robert de Spotland
granted to William the Serjeant, at \d.
rent, land in Broadhalgh, as much as
pertained to i oxgang ; the bounds are
thus described : from Elysclough, where
it met the Roch, up as far as the hedge,
thence by ditches to Dogwall, by Dogwall-
clough to the Roch, and so to the starting-
point ; Whalley CoucAer, iii, 757. The
id. rent was afterwards released 5 ibid,
iii, 754.

For the more recent history see Fish-
wick, op. cit. 503.

In 1626 Robert Holt held 113 acres in
Chadwick ; Surv. ut sup. 160.

81 There is an illustration of Oakenrod
Hall in 1830 in Fishwick, Rochdale, 492,
from a sketch by George Shaw in Raines
MSS. i, 56.

82 Surv. ut sup. 1 6 8.

83 Lands in Wolstenholme and Butter-
worth, apparently the Chetham inherit-
ance, were settled in 1278 ; Final Cone, i,
1 54. Geoffrey de Chadderton in 1311 held
an oxgang of land in Wolstenholme by the
service of izd. a year, and Roger de Pil-
kington also held an oxgang in ' Pilking-
ton ' by the same service ; De Lacy Inq.
(Chet. Soc.), 20. John de Radcliffe of
Chadderton was plaintiff in 1367 respect-
ing Spotland, and defendant in 1370 ; De
Banco R. 426, m. 35, 86 d. ; 440, m.
244. In the next year Thomas son of
Thomas de Bamford claimed a messuage
and land in Spotland against John de Rad-
cliffe ; ibid. R. 441, m. 57. Later the
Standishes and Ashtons of Chadderton
held land in Rochdale of the king ; Duchy

of Lane. Inq. p.m. viii, no. 4, 21, 23.
In a deed of partition in 1534 part of the
land is called Nadenland in Spotland,
Thomas Holt and Ralph Naden being
tenants ; Robert Holt paid 6d. for the
attachment of a mill in Wolstenholme,
and there were other messuages and lands
in Spotland and Hundersficld ; Raines D.
in the Chetham Library.

Sir John de Pilkington (perhaps by
inheritance from Chetham) held Green-
booths in Spotland in 1424, and granted
it to Geoffrey son of John de Holt ;
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), i, 197.

84 Among the witnesses to Adam de
Spotland's charter, c. 1190, already cited,
were Martin de Wolstenholme, Robert
his brother, Andrew de Wolstenholme,
and Henry his brother ; Whalley CoucAer,
iii, 728. John de Wolstenholme occurs
in 1309; ibid, iii, 784. John also ap-
pears in 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33.

Thomas son of Thomas de Wolsten-
holme did not prosecute a claim for land
in Spotland against John de Buersill and
others in 1329 ; Assize R. 427, m. 3 d.

At Pentecost 1352 Robert son of
Robert de ' Hayward ' claimed a messuage
and lands in Spotland against Robert son
of John de Wolstenholme ; Duchy of
Lane. Assize R. 2, m. 8 d.

In 1626 an 'ancient grant' by Sir
Henry Savile to Thomas son of Thurstan
Wolstenholme was produced, of land
called Wolstenholme; a rent of zs. was
due ; Surv. ut sup. 193. •

John Wolstenholme who died in
1555-6 held a messuage called Wolsten-
holme, with lands, water-mill, &c., of
Sir Henry Savile in socage, by a rent of
zs. ; he also held lands called Bradshaw
of the king and queen by a rent of 2d.
John his son and heir was nineteen years
of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 3 9.
Bradshaw is mentioned in a Whitworth
charter in the Whalley Coucher, iii, 675.

John Wolstenholme and Jane his wife
in 1582 sold ten messuages, &c., in Wol-
stenholme to Thomas and Lawrence

2O9

Hardman 5 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
44, m. 146. Thomas Hardman in 1626
held only 47 acres ; Surv. 194. Some fur-
ther notes about the Wolstenholme family
are given in Fishwick, op. cit. 526-8.

85 Ibid. 528, where a sketch of the house
in 1830, by George Shaw, is given.

86 The Bamford family were very early
holders of land in the neighbourhood.
Robert de Spotland released to the monks
of Stanlaw his right in Stonlegh, with the
homage and service (19^.) of Thomas de
Bamford ; Whalley CoucAer, iii, 776.
Thomas and Adam his brother occur
from 1277 to 1310 ; ibid, iii, 788-95.
Robert son of Thomas de Bamford was
defendant to a Spotland claim in 1311 ;
De Banco R. 189, m. 9 d.

Adam de Bamford in 1324-31 gave all
his lands in Chadwick to Sir Richard de
Byron; Byron Chartul. no. 16/203,
2/204.

Richard de Bamford was in 1323 de-
fendant in a Spotland plea ; De Banco R.
247, m. 3 d. He was again in 1330 de-
fendant to a claim for a messuage in Spot-
land made by Adam the Clerk of Bury and
Agnes his wife ; ibid. R. 281, m. 221 d.

Avice daughter of Thomas de Bamford
in Lent 1352 claimed two messuages, 30
acres of land, &c., against Roger (a minor)
son of Beatrice, daughter of John Stike-
wind, and others ; the plaintiff was one of
the heirs of Thomas son of Richard de
Bamford, but it was alleged that Thomas
had alienated the tenement in dispute ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 4.

James Scholefield in 1 544 purchased a
messuage and land in Spotland from
Arthur Bamford; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 12, m. 250. In 1557 Adam Bam-
ford had lands, &c., in Wolstenholme and
Spotland ; ibid. bdle. 17, m. 177.

John Bamford, of Bamford and With-
ington, died in 1559, holding a messu-
age, &c., in Spotland of Robert Holt and
Robert Savile in socage by a rent ot
2s. $d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi,
no. 61. A little later the tenure is de-
scribed as the hundredth part of a knight's

27

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The Holts of Gristlehurst37 and
Ashworth 38 were also holders
of land there. In 1626 there
were common lands measuring
823 acres.39

FILINGS, a dependency
of Whitworth, was held by a
local family, who were among
the benefactors of Stanlaw
Abbey.40 John Royds pur-
chased part of the hamlet in
1756, and his descendants are
now the chief landowners
there.41 The Hospitallers had
some land in the hamlet, in

which was St. Mary's Croft, held in 1626 by Robert
Holt.41

ROYDS of Falinge. Er-
mine on a crost engrailed
bet-ween four liont ram-
pant gules a if ear in pale
proper between four be-
aanft.

Two oxgangs in HEALEY, which was also a de-
pendency of Whitworth, had belonged to Hugh de
Eland, who gave them in free marriage with his
daughter Wymark, wife of Jordan de Mitton. They
were acquired by Gilbert de
Notton and given to Stanlaw
Abbey.43

The Healeys of Healey, who
were benefactors of Stanlaw,44
appear to have been succeeded
by a branch of the Chadwicks.44
John Chadwick died in No-
vember 1496 holding two
messuages and lands in Hun-

dersfield, Spotland, and But-

/ . . . _. . HKALEV of Healey.

terworth of the king as Duke Azure three boars, htads
of Lancaster ; Thomas, his son couped in pale argent.

fee; ibid, xi, no. 38. In 1619 the
tenure of the messuage, &c., in Spotland
was described as of Sir John Byron the
younger and John Holt in socage by
21. 8J. rent ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 179.

Samuel son of William Bamford in
i6z6 held 322 acres, which had been the
Wolstenholme family's estates, as he pro-
duced their charter ; Surv. ut sup. 192.

In a plea of 1326 a charter was ad-
duced by which Adam de Bury gave land
in Wolstenholme to Thomas de Strange-
ways and Agnes his wife ; Abbre-v. Plac.
(Rec. Com.), 355. As late as 1581 a
Thomas Strangeways had land, &c., in
Spotland and Rochdale ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 43, m. 152.

8? Surv. ut sup. 196 ; Theophilus Holt
had 149 acres.

88 Ibid. 196 ; Richard son and heir of
Robert Holt of Ashworth held 142 acres.
The lands of Robert Holt in Wolsten-
holme, Spotland, Marcroft Gate, and
Cheesden, had been held of the Ashtons
of Middleton as part of the Bamford
estate ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 441.

Other Ashtons held lands in Spotland.
Thus James Ashton and Anne his wife in
1545 made a settlement of six messuages,
&c., in Wolstenholme, Spotland, and
Hundtrsfield ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 12, m. 184. Arthur Ashton (seethe
account of Clegg) in 1547 purchased ten
messuages, &c., in Hundersneld and Spot-
land from James Gartside, and the same
(or another ten) from Roger Gartside in
1558 ; ibid. bdle. 13, m. 233 ; 19, m. 92.
In 1566 he purchased land from Richard
Linney and Katherine his wife ; ibid,
bdle. 28, m. 269. (Richard Linney had in
1564 purchased lands, &c., in Spotland
and Hundersneld from Lawrence Buckley
and Margaret his wife ; ibid. bdle. 26, m.
74.) Richard Ashton and Elizabeth his
wife sold some land in Spotland in 1562 ;
ibid. bdle. 24, m. 51.

John Chadwick of Yelandrod had two
messuages and lands in Wolstenholme in
1588 ; ibid. bdle. 50, no. 26. For Yea-
land see Fishwick, op. cit. 81.

89 Surv. ut sup. 206.

40 A moiety of Falinge was included in
the grant of Whitworth made to Stanlaw
by John de Eland ; Whalley Coucher, iii,
637.

Orm de Falinge gave J oxgang in Hal-
werdewerd to his son Robert ; a rent of
i^d. was to be paid to Stanlaw ; ibid, i,

155-

Andrew and Randle sons of Orm de
Falinge granted to the monks of Stanlaw

the rents they had received from certain
lands ; and Adam son of Geoffrey de
Falinge gave the homage and service of
William son of William the Serjeant and
Adam son of Henry del Field ; ibid, iii,
769-71.

Adam son of Henry del Field (called
'de Spotland ' in the title) surrendered to
the monks the house and land he had held
of them ; and Robert son of Adam son of
Henry confirmed it ; ibid, iii, 774-5.
The latter may be the Robert son of Adam
de Falinge who released to the abbey all
claim to his hereditary lands in the ham-
let ; ibid, iii, 794. In 1330 Randle son
of Gilbert de Falinge gave to the monks
of Whalley all his lands, &c., in the
' Falenges ' in the vill of Spotland ; ibid,
iii, 798-9.

It came into the hands of the Holts of
Gristlehurst with the rest of Spotland, as is
shown by the inquisition of 1562 already
cited. Theophilus Holt in 1626 held
154 acres ; Surv. ut sup. 152.

41 Fishwick, Rochdale, 509-12, where a
pedigree of the Royds family may be seen.

43 Surv. 153. There is quoted in the
same place the grant of land in Falinge
made by Lawrence Buckley of Whitfield
in 1564 (see fine already cited) to Richard
Linney, great - grandfather of Edmund
Linney, living in 1626.

48 Whalley Coucber, iii, 680 ; ii, 623 ;
see also iii, 637.

44 Anketil son of Andrew the Chaplain
of Rochdale gave to his brother Clement
an oxgang of land in Healey with an assart
there, at a rent of I zd. and four horse irons;
ibid, iii, 781. It was probably the same
oxgang which about 1200-20 Robert the
son of Anketil de Healey gave to Stanlaw
Abbey at a rent of 1 6d. ; ibid. Clement
son of Andrew the Priest held another ox-
gang of Hugh son of Jordan de Mitton at
a rent of 6d. ; ibid, iii, 782. Clement
sold both oxgangs to the abbey ; ibid, iii,

777-

Dolfin de Healey had two sons, Adam
and Henry, who had lands in Castleton ;
ibid, ii, 596-7. In a note Canon Raines,
quoting the Healey deeds, says that Henry
had a son John who died about 1272 hold-
ing house and land at Healey ; Andrew
the son of John was in possession in 1310,
and by his wife Avice daughter of Henry
de Marland had a son Thomas, whose only
child Avice, wife of Adam son of Nicholas
de Ogden, in 1338 released to her son
Alexander all her lands in the vill of Spot-
land ; Alice de Ogden, a descendant and
co-heir of Alexander, married John Chad-
wick of Healey before 1445.

Peter de Healey granted the monks the

210

land called Healeyhalgh.es, the bounds
going from Shore to Heaves in Balshaw,
to the brook, to Falinge Syke, Spot Brook
(Spodden), Arnolds Rode, Elis Rode, and
Light Hazels ; ibid, iii, 777. William the
son of Peter and others made supplemen-
tary grants ; ibid, iii, 668, 778-80.

John son of Elote de Healey in 1292 had
to defend his title to a messuage and a half
oxgang in Spotland against Adam of the
Bergh, grandson and heir of Robert the
Clerk of Anglezarke ; Assize R. 408, m. 3.
Robert de Anglezarke, clerk, held ij ox-
gangs in Healey by grant of Adam son of
William de Healey, who held of the Abbot
of Stanlaw ; and Richard son of Robert
afterwards surrendered it to the abbot ;
Whalley Coucher, ii, 615-17. Adam of
the Bergh appears as plaintiff in 1300 ;
De Banco R. 134, m. I35d.

John son of Richard de Tonwallcliff in
1355 secured damages in a claim against
the Abbot of Whalley and Alexander
de Healey ; it appeared that Richard
held a messuage and land of the abbot
in socage, but Alexander de Healey,
pretending that the tenure was knight's
service, took possession, John being
a minor ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R.
4, m. 8. John de Tonwallcliff was
again plaintiff in 1374, William son of
Geoffrey de Healey being defendant ; De
Banco R. 456, m. 10. Tonwallcliff is
several times named in the Whalley
Coucher, e.g. iii, 658, 660.

Ellen widow of Adam de Hopwood
claimed dower in Spotland in 1 3 70 against
William son of Geoffrey de Healey ; Dt
Banco R. 440, m. 1 1 8 d.

About 1 540 the abbey tenants included
William and James Healey and Richard
Lord ; Whalley Coucher, iv, 1232, 1225.

In 1594 John Healey and Susan his
wife held a messuage and lands in Spotland;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 56, m. 62.
In 1626 John son of Thomas Healey held
113 acres in Healey, paying a quit rent of
zs. to Theophilus Holt ; while Thomas
Healey of Lower Healey (son of Thomas)
held 30 acres; Surv. ut sup., 209, 210.
Theophilus Holt (as representing Whalley
Abbey) had 106 acres in his own hands ;
ibid. 208.

45 See preceding note. In 1626 Jordan
Chadwick, holding 86 acres, produced a
charter from Richard de Healey to John
his brother, granting land in Healey at a
rent of i zd. ; a half oxgang held by Henry
son of William was excepted ; ibid. 208.
See also Fishwick, Rochdale, 482-5. Ab-
stracts of a number of the Chadwick of
Healey evidences are printed in Corry,
Lanes, ii, 645, &c.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

and heir, was only ten years of age, and his wardship
was granted to James Stanley, clerk.46 His descen-
dant, Jordan Chadwick, died in 1634, holding a
messuage in Healey, together with other messuages
and lands in Spotland and Hundersfield ; John, his
son and heir, was seventeen years of age.47 The
common land of Healey in 1626 was 240 acres in
extent.48

HEALEY HALL stands on elevated ground com-
manding a wide prospect, about 2 miles north-west of
Rochdale, and is a plain rectangular stone classic build-
ing with pediment and cornice, erected in 1774 in
place of an older house which dated from 1 6 1 8, and
was in its turn a rebuilding of a still older structure.
The 17th-century building was of two stories with
four gables to the front, and with mullioned and
transomed windows on the ground floor and low
mullioned windows above.49 This house being much
decayed, in 1773 was taken down and the present
mansion, which is said to be * exactly of the same
extent in front as the old house and on the same
site,' *° built. In the early part of the igth century
the house was divided into two tenements, but has
since been restored to its original state. Over the
back door is an inscribed stone taken from the old
house with a number of initials of the Chadwick
family and the date 1618."

WHITWORTH vi^, about 1200, held in moieties
by the Elands and Liversedges.61 John de Eland
granted his moiety to Stanlaw Abbey ; it included

the services of the moieties of Healey and Falinge ;
the monks were to pay the ancient rarm of \s. for
Whitworth, and ^s, for the other hamlets.53 Robert
de Liversedge gave his moiety to Sawley Abbey, at a
rent of 4^., and Robert de Flamborough confirmed
the grant.64 The Abbot of Sawley transferred it, at
the same rent, to the nuns of Hampole,45 and the
prioress and convent in 1259 granted their land in
Whitworth to Robert son of Randle the White, at a
rent of 1 6/.56 Of this portion the Abbot of Stanlaw
held 2 oxgangs, or a moiety, and Andrew son of
Robert de Whitworth granted his rights in the re-
mainder sometime after the abbey had been trans-
lated to Whalley.67 In 1322 an inquiry was held as
to the loss the king might sustain by this alienation,
and licence of mortmain was subsequently granted.48
Whitworth, like Spotland, was acquired by the Holts
of Gristlehurst, and in 1626 Theophilus Holt was
the principal owner, having nearly two-thirds of the
land in his possession.59 Facit M and Tong 61 were
parts of the Whalley lands. The Common in 1626
measured 515 acres in three parcels.61

HRJNDWOOD was granted to Stanlaw by Roger
de Lacy about I zoo,63 and passed to the Holts ; Theo-
philus Holt, in 1626, held nearly the whole of it.64
It is called Rossendale in the Survey.

As in the other townships of the parish, there were
from old time a large number of freeholders, whose
names may be collected from various documents, in-
cluding especially the Survey of l626.M There was

46 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 42;
the services due were not known.

47 Ibid, xxvii, no. 36. The tenures are
not stated. A curious pedigree appears in
the printed Vint, of 1613 (Chet. Soc.),
no. Another pedigree was recorded in
1664 ; see Dugdale, Vitit. (Chet. Soc.), 74.

The family, retaining Healey Hall,
afterwards settled at Ridware in Stafford-
shire. Charles Chadwick, who died in
1829, was an antiquary.

48 Surv. ut sup. 215.

49 There is an elevation of Old Healey
Hall in Corry's Lanes, ii, 553.

50 Corry, Lanes, ii, 637, where a de-
scription of the new building is given.

51 Fishwick, Rochdale, 485. On the
house is a long Latin inscription adapted
from Horace, and a stone cut in 1800
bears on it 'John de Heley, 1250,' and
'i.e. 1483.'

53 The history of the Liversedge moiety
is told in the Inq. a.q.d. of 1322 ; Whalley
Coucher, iii, 706-8.

53 Ibid. iii. 637. The grantor reserved
his right to hunt. By a second charter
he granted the waste, and then gave Hall-
steads and Swineshead ; ibid. 639-43.

A large number of charters concerning
Whitworth are given in the Coucher, iii,
637-726. For the tenants about 1540
see ibid, iv, 1226-8, Whitworth, Tong
End, and Rockliffe. The commons were
Bagden, Prickshaw, and Trough.

54 Ibid, iii, 719, 720, 726.
65 Ibid, iii, 720.

56 Ibid, iii, 695.

47 Ibid, iii, 703, 711, 712.

58 Ibid, iii, 704, 721.

At the inquisition it was shown that
the Abbot of Stanlaw had held 2 oxgangs
of land of Robert de Whitworth by a rent of
81. id., Germain, Robert's brother, i ox-
gang, by 31. 6d. ; Geoffrey de Whitworth,
\ oxgang, by is. id. ; and Michael de
Shaw, 2 acres, by id. rent ; ibid, iii, 707.

Thus f oxgang was left to Robert de
Whitworth himself. The rents payable
to Andrew son of Robert in 1321 were —
Abbot of Whalley, 8*. id. ; Robert son of
Henry son of Gemme, 31. 6d. ; Thomas
son of Robert del Stock, is. id. ; and John
son of Michael de Shaw, id. ; ibid, iii, 703.
In 1331 Robert son of Henry de Whit-
worth had a rent of lod. from Geoffrey
(son) of Adam de Buckley, Sd. from John
son of Richard son of Swain, and a pepper-
corn from Henry del Stock ; ibid, iii, 723.
John de Buckley in 1339 released to
Whalley all his right in the thirtieth part
of Whitworth ; ibid, iii, 725.

59 Surv. ut sup. 217. Other holders
were Richard Milne, 61 acres ; Jordan
Chadwick (Healey), 74 acres ; and Robert
Holt, copyhold land called Ugshott, 187
acres. Ugshott land is named in a grant
by Swain de Whitworth to the monks of
Stanlaw ; Whalley CoucAer, iii, 654.

80 Ibid, iii, 686, 664 ; it is called
Faghside. James Marland claimed Facit
in 1566; Richard Milne and Francis
Holt were the other holders ; see Frsh-
wick, Rochdale, 85.

81 Hugh de Whitworth gave to Swain
his son $ oxgang in Tong, which was the
fourth part of his lands there ; Wballey
Coucber, iii, 653. For the Scholfields of
Tong End, see Fishwick, Rochdale, 522-3.
In 1575 Francis Holt purchased from
Alexander Scholfield and Emma his wife,
eight messuages, lands, &c., in Whitworth
and Spotland ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 37, m. 121.

68 Surv. ut sup. 233.

68 Wballey Coucber, \, 153. The bounds
of this pasture in the forest began at Gor-
siches lache, went to Cowpe Head and by
Cowpe to the Irwell, up the river to Fule-
bachope (Bacup) to Sa'tergate, Hamstals-
clough, Denesgreve, and across the moss
to Cumbe hope at Gorsiche Lache. The
monks could place one hundred cows there

211

with their produce up to two years old.
For the tenants in 1540, see ibid, iv, 1228.

64 Surv. ut sup. 235.

65 Alice and Aldusa in 1246 successfully
claimed land in Chadwick as heirs of their
father William de Raidwath ; Assize R.
404, m. 8 d. Liulph de Reddewoth was a
benefactor of Stanlaw ; Wballey Coucber,
iii, 785.

Alice widow of Robert son of Thomas
de la Lee in Lent 1352 claimed a messuage
and land in Spotland against John son of
Maud, daughter of Cecily the Marshal's
daughter ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i,
m. 4 d. The dispute was long-continued.
The defendant called on William Emson
de Ainsworth, Almarica his wife, Robert
de Bromley, Margery his wife, John son of
Roger de Clegg, and Alice his wife, to
warrant him, the wives named being sisters
and heirs of Robert de la Lee ; ibid. R. 6,
m. 3. See also Assize R. 441, m. 4, 4d.

James de Greenhalgh in 1422 acquired
an estate in Spotland ; Final Cone, iii, 8 1.
In 1576 Thomas Greenhalgh died holding
a messuage and lands there of Francis
Holt by a peppercorn rent ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 10. From a pre-
ceding note it will be seen that such a rent
was, in 1331, paid by Henry del Stock for
land in Whitworth.

Robert Holt of Carburton, Notts., was
in 1529, in possession of messuages, mill,
&c., in Spotland and Hundersfield ; Geof-
frey, his son and heir, sold all or most of
the estate to Thomas Holt in 1539 ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. n, m. 129, 27.
Francis Holt in 1575 had to make good
his title to lands in Dean Bank, and Green-
booths in Spotland, against the daughters
and co-heirs of Geoffrey ; Fishwick, op.
cit. 377, quoting Duchy Plead. Eliz. Ixii,
T. 7.

Henry Holt of Fieldhouse, in 1523, con-
tributed to the subsidy for his lands ; Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 37. He died in 1526.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

tnen copyhold land in each of the hamlets — over
2,400 acres in all.

The land-tax returns of 1788-96 show that the
ownership was greatly subdivided.

Whitworth Chapel was built about
CHURCH 1529 by the inhabitants of the hamlet,
and was intended to serve Wardle and
Healey also.66 In 1552 it was found to be scantily
furnished,67 and a century later the Parliamentary
Commissioners recommended that it should be made a
parish church.68 The church was rebuilt in 1775 68a
and again in 1850; it is called ST. BARTHOLO-
MEWS.69 The appointment of the curate was vested
in four trustees, but there was no endowment. Bishop
Gastrell, in 1717, found that the settled income was
£6 6s. %d. ;70 but in 1720 John Starky of Rochdale
gave £200 on condition that the patronage should be
vested in him,71 and some other gifts were secured,
including £400 from Queen Anne's Bounty." The
patronage is now vested in Keble College, Oxford.
The following have been curates and vicars since the
Restoration : — ™

c. 1662 Thomas Dewhurst
1 — Robert Smethurst

1677 Abraham Butterworth, B.A. (Emmanuel
Coll. Camb.)

1680 Joseph Whitworth

c. 1699 James Whitehead, M. A.74 (St. Mary Hall,

Oxf.)
oc. 1717 Jonathan Hanson ™

1723 Edmund Holme, M.A. (Brasenose Coll.

Oxf.)
1778 William Currer, M.A.78 (St. John's Coll.

Camb.)
1 804 Hugh Hornby,M.A.77(Christ'sColl.Camb.)

1829 George Heron, B.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)

1830 Richard Parkinson, B.D.78 (St. John's Coll.

Camb.)

1841 Isaac Gaitskell, M.A. (Trin. Coll. Camb.)
1877 Edwin Brierley
1901 James Ralph Scholfield, M.A. (St. John's

Coll. Camb.)

An endowment for a * Protestant schoolmaster ' was
given in 17 24.™

In more recent times a number of places of worship
have been erected in the township. For the Church
of England there are St. Paul's, Norden, 1861 ; *
St. Saviour's, Bacup, 1865 ;81- and St. John the
Evangelist's, Facit, 187 1.82 The patronage of St.
Saviour's is vested in the Church Association ; of the
others in the Bishop of Manchester.

There are Primitive Methodist, Free Methodist,
and Congregational churches at Whitworth,83 and a
Salvation Army barracks.

holding five messuages, &c., in Spotland and
Hundersfield, of Robert Holt by knight's
service and a rent of 3*. %d. Grace, his
daughter and heir, was two years of age ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, no. 10.

Sir Edmund Trafford in the time of
Henry VIII held two messuages, &c., in
Rochdale of Robert Holt of Stubley ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, no. 20.
They were in Spotland and were sold to
Francis Holt in 1564 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 26, m. 136.

William Strangeways and Eleanor his
wife in 1564 sold four messuages, &c., in
Spotland and Rochdale, to Robert Holt ;
ibid. bdle. 26, m. 242.

Richard Chadwick died in 1621 holding
messuages and lands in Spotland and Hun-
dersfield, also a messuage in Manchester,
and leaving a son and heir Robert, twenty
years of age. The lands were chiefly held
of Sir John Byron, but a small part in
Spotland was held of John Holt of Stubley;
Lanes. Inq. />.w.(Rec.Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 273. This family was of Spotland Gate;
see Manch. Ct. Lett Rec. ii, 195 n.

Ottiwell Greave in 1569 purchased a
messuage in Spotland from John son and
heir of Thomas Belfield ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 177. Edmund
Greave in 1608 died seised of messuages
and lands in Spotland held of Theophilus
Ashton of Clegg by a rent of ^.d. Ottiwell
his son was forty-one years of age ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches), i,
126. This estate is called Fernhill ; Fish-
wick, op. cit. 504.

One of the Linney family is believed to
have lived at the ' Great House ' in Roch-
dale, close to which ran the brook called
Lothburn ; Fishwick, op. cit. 523-5.
Richard Linney died in 1619 holding lands
in Hundersfield and Spotland of the king,
as of the dissolved Hospital of St. John,
by two rents of 6d. each ; also cottages
in Rochdale and an acre in Coptrod, this
last being held of the king by knight's
service ; Edmund, his son and heir, was
nine years old ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.),

ii, 113; 111,368. Edmund Linney died
25 Oct. 1636, holding much the same
lands, and leaving a widow Ellen, and a
son and heir Richard, only three years old;
Towneley MS. C, 8,13 (Chet. Lib.), p. 748.

The Smallshaw is named in the Wballey
Coucher, iii, 761. It was owned by the
Crossleys in the 1 7th century ; Fishwick,
op. cit. 508. James Crossleydied in 1623
holding two messuages and lands in Spot-
land of Robert Holt of Stubley by the 2ooth
part of a knight's fee ; James, his son and
heir, was four years old ; Towneley MS.
C, 8, 13, p. 241-2.

66 The foundation deed (1532) is printed
in Fishwick, Rochdale, 164-7. ^ states
that Robert Holt of Stubley and the free-
holders gave 50 ' fall ' of land, and that a
number of the people built it ; the priest's
wages were to be collected by the chapel
reeves, who, like the priest, were to be ap-
pointed by four trustees. The king (prob-
ably as lord of Rochdale) might prohibit
service there if he judged it advisable, on
account of the poverty of the place. It
was confiscated with other chapels in 1 548
and bought back from the Crown by the
people ; Raines, Chant. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
277. In 1626 the chapel and chapel yard
occupied 25 perches ; Surv. ut sup. 232.

W Cb. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 49. John
Yate was the priest ; he was still there in
1563 and 1565 (Visitation Lists), being,
however, ' decrepit.' His will was proved
in 1574 ; ibid. 52. During the latter part
of Elizabeth's reign the chapel seems to
have been served by a licensed 'reader,'
the vicar of Rochdale or his curate perhaps
officiating from time to time ; see Fish-
wick, op. cit. 171. About i6ioit is men-
tioned as a chapel of ease supported by the
inhabitants; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App.
iv, 12. The curates had probably other
charges ; see the list in Fishwick, op. cit.
171, 172.

68 Commoww. Cb, Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 20. James Stevenson
was minister in 1641 and till his death in
1649 5 he was succeeded by George Stott,

212

who did not approve of the Presbyterian
government, and left ; see W. A. Shaw,
Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), 256, 257. John
Bullock, a husbandman of Bolton, appears
in 1657-8 ; ibid. 221.

«8a A brief ordering collections for the
rebuilding was granted in 1772.

69 Fishwick, op. cit. 167.

7° Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 154. Of
this income £5 was the interest on ,£100
given by James Wolfenden of Hades in
Wardle on condition that the curate should
be M.A. or B .A.

71 Ibid, ii, 157. For the Starky family
see the account of Tonge in Prestwich.
On the death of James Starky in 1 846 the
patronage became vested in his kinsmen,
Joseph Langton and the Rev. William
Hornby. In 1889 the patron was L.
Brierley.

7a Fishwick, op. cit. 169.

7» This list is derived mainly from the
work just quoted pp. 172-6, where full
accounts of the curates, &c., will be found.
The benefice has ranked as a vicarage since
1866, when the Rochdale Vicarage Act
was passed.

74 This curate was appointed by the
vicar of Rochdale, but the 'four men*
vindicated their right ; see the case stated
in Notitia Cestr. ii, 154-6 n. He was
afterwards rector of North Meols.

7* The church papers at Chester Dioc.
Reg. begin with this curate.

76 Also vicar of Clapham, Yorkshire.

77 Also vicar of St. Michael's on Wyre.

78 Afterwards fellow of Manchester.

7» Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 157 ; End. Char.
Rep. (1904), 1 6.

80 Land. Gaz. 10 June 1862.

81 Ibid. 6 Feb. 1866.

8a For district, see Land. Gaz. 5 Nov.
1867.

88 Nonconformity existed in the I7th
century ; the chapel at Hallfold, erected in
1720, was replaced by the present building
in 1850. The fluctuating history of the
congregation is told in Nightingale, Lanes.
Nonconf. iii, 269-79.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

There are also Wesleyan churches at Bagslate and
Oheesden, and a Free Methodist one at the former
place.

At Whitworth is the Roman Catholic church of
•Our Immaculate Mother and St. Anselm, i869;84
and at Norden are the church of St. Mary, 1904,
with a house of Redemptorist fathers, and a poor law
school for boys, conducted by the Brothers of Charity.

BUTTERWORTH

Butterworth, Buttersworth, 1278 ; Boterwrth,
1292.

Cleg, 1284.

Okeden, 1276; Akeden, 1292.

This township, which contains the chapelry of
Milnrow, occupies the south-east part of the parish,
.and has an area of 7,765^ acres. The surface is com-
paratively level in the west and south, but on the
•eastern border rises steeply, a height of nearly
1,500 feet being reached. The following are the
former hamlets or subdivisions : — Butterworth Hall,
738^ acres; Belfield, 458; Clegg, 1,677; Low
House, 1,278; Wildhouse, 264; Haugh, 599;
Bleakedgate with Roughbank, 2,751.

The township has long been divided into two sec-
dons, the Freehold side and the Lordship side.1
These ' sides ' refer to the ancient terms of tenure,
some freehold, some of the lord of the manor by
various rents and services. The tenements of each
class are scattered all over the township, and the exist-
ing classification became fixed before 1 600, the various
holdings being judged to belong to freehold or lord-
ship side in accordance therewith, though all the
holdings have long ago been enfranchised. The
classification is still maintained by tradition, because
•each ' side ' has been accustomed to have a constable
in the Rochdale manor court.1*

The principal road is that going south-east and east
from Rochdale through Milnrow to Huddersfield.
From Milnrow a road goes north to join the Roch-
dale-Todmorden road. The Lancashire and York-
shire Company's railway from Rochdale to Todmorden

passes through Belfield, and the canal between the
same places goes along by the line ; the same com-
pany's line from Rochdale to Oldham has stations at
Milnrow and New Hey.

A ' disorderly custom ' called the Rushbearing used
to take place on the Saturday before St. James's
Day.2 The rushcarts finally disappeared about ten
years ago, but the annual fair or holiday is still called
the Rushbearing, and is kept at various dates in the
autumn at Milnrow and other places in the Rochdale
district.

Formerly Chapel Croft used to be mowed after the
other fields, the superstition being that if it were
mown without rain falling, none of the hay from the
meadows would be got in dry.8

Hollinworth Lake is a large artificial reservoir
formed to supply the Rochdale Canal ; it is a favourite
resort of pleasure parties.

The soil is light gravel and clay, with subsoil of
rough gravel. The land is chiefly in pasture.

A local board was constituted at Milnrow in 1870 ;4
it became an urban district council in 1894, and the
district was formed into an independent township ;
there are three wards — Belfield, Milnrow, and Haugh,
each with six members.

Butterworth, or the part of it held by
M4NOR Hugh de Eland about 1 1 90, was given
by him to Gilbert de Notion, son and
heir of Gilbert de Notton, in marriage with his
daughter Margery ; 5 they had issue a son Roger, a
benefactor of Monk Bretton. Margery afterwards
married Sir Baldwin Tyas, or Teutonicus, by whom
she had a daughter Joan, married first to Sir Robert
de Hoyland of High Hoyland, in Yorkshire, and
afterwards to Sir John de Byron.6 The estate of the
Elands and their heirs, the Saviles, with numerous
additions/ was known as the manor of BUTTER-
WORTH, and descended like Clayton in Droylsden
till the beginning of the 1 7th century, when the
whole was sold to a large number of purchasers,
mostly the occupying tenants.8 Sir John Byron, who
died in 1489, was found to have held twelve mes-
suages, 200 acres of land, 10 acres of wood, &c., in
Butterworth, of Sir John Savile, by services un-

84 Mass was said on Sundays for some
years before 1860, and a wooden chapel
•was built in 1862; Kelly, Engl, Cath.
Missions, 432.

1 Gastrell, Notitia (Chet. Soc.), ii, 141.

la Information of Lt.-CoL H. Fishwick.

3 Gastrell, op. cit. ii, 142. The ancient
•custom was not originally 'disorderly.'

8 Fishwick, Rochdale, 534.

4 Land. Gaz. 4 Feb. 1870. The dis-
trict was extended in 1879 by 42 & 43
Viet. cap. 86.

6 For the Eland-Tyas-Byron descent, see
Yorks.Arch.Journ. vii, 131, 132.

6 A large number of Butterworth deeds
.are contained in the Byron Chartulary
(' Black Book of Clayton '). From these
it appears that Sir Baldwin gave to Robert
-de Hoyland, who had married Joan his
daughter, all his land in Butterworth,
Clegg, Gartside, Ogden, the two Hollin-
worths, &c., with the mill and demesne,
also the homages and services, except that
of John de Lacy; no. 71/152. There
.are some other grants by Sir Baldwin, e.g.
to Henry the Smith, 6 acres bounded
partly by the Beal and Ogden Brook ; ibid,
no. 29/73 5 anc* 2 acre» of meadow in
the south side of Buckley Carr to Robert

de Butterworth, at a rent of SJ. ; ibid,
no. 69/150.

Robert de Hoyland granted to Thomas
son of Adam de Birghou an oxgang which
John de Haworth had held of Sir Baldwin
le Tyas and Margery his wife at a rent of
2s. ; ibid. no. 70/151. Joan de Hoyland in
her widowhood gave to William de Rush-
worth parcels called Moterode, Crooked-
rode, and Horsefalinge, at a rent of -$J. ;
ibid. no. 72/153.

John de Byron and Joan his wife were
plaintiffs in 1278, claiming lands against
Philip, Abbot of Roche ; Assize R. 1238,
m. 51; R. 1259, m. 39. This was prob-
ably a dispute as to the boundary between
Butterworth and Saddleworth.

Hugh de Eland in 1292 released to Sir

John de Byron and Joan his wife and the
eirs of Sir John, all his right in lands &c.,
in the vill of Butterworth, excepting the
lordship of the vill, 221. yearly rent, and the
homage and service of Richard son of
Gilbert de Butterworth for 2 oxgangs of
land ; Byron Chartul. no. 8/154.

John de Eland (as son of Hugh son of
John son of Hugh) claimed the manor of
Butterworth in 1335 against Richard de
Byron ; De Banco R. 301, m. 152 d.

213

In 1321 Agnes, widow of John de By-
ron and then wife of John de Strickland,
clai med dower in a messuage, oxgang of land,
water-mill, &c.; De Banco R. 240, m. 192.

A mill then existed on the Beal. Henry
son of Richard de Butterworth and Richard
his brother, released to Sir Baldwin le Tyas
all their right in the mill opposite the house
of Andrew Brun ; for which Sir Baldwin
gave them a hawk; Byron Chartul. no.
82/219. The same Henry afterwards
released to Joan de Hoyland and her
heirs all his right in the mill and pool ;
ibid. no. 83/220.

The De Lacy Compofus of 1296 (Chet.
Soc. 6) shows that John de Byron had
formerly held lands rendering 421. 9^</.,
and that he still held some directly of the
Earl of Lincoln by a rent of zs. In the In-
quest of 1311 (Chet. Soc. 20) the latter tene-
ment is described as 6 acres in Butterworth.

7 The Byron Chartulary shows a number
of acquisitions from the smaller holders ;
some of them are recorded in these notes.
Butterworth was included in a Byron
settlement in 1432-41 ; Final Cone. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Che:.), iii, 98, 104, 106.

8 A number of the deeds will be found in
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), vi, fol. 1-93.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

known ; also parcels in Ogden.9 It appears that the
Byrons held land also of the Hospitallers, who owned
a great part of the township,10 for in the rental it is
stated that a later Sir John Byron, about 1540, paid
l%d. for Butterworth.11 The hall, which existed in
1 420," was built upon the Hospitallers' land."

A number of families used the local surname.14 In
the central hamlet, known as Butterworth Hall, are
situated Milnrow with the chapel, and the resi-
dences called Lady House,14 Holt,16 and Gartside,17"
all of which tenements possess some historical in-
terest.

9 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 48 ;
the clear annual value was 40 marks. A
century earlier the Byrons' estate in But-
terworth was stated to be held of the Duke
of Lancaster by knight'* service ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 65.

The heir of Francis Pulteney in 1545-7
claimed lands in Royton, Ogden, Haugh,
and Butterworth, against Sir John Byron ;
Ducatui Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 105. Sir
John Byron in 1558 recovered the manor
from Michael Pulteney ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 20, m. 7.

10 See Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.),
375 ; De Banco R. 279, m. i8od.

« Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.

13 Licence for oratories at Clayton and
Butterworth was granted to Sir John By-
ron on 4 Feb. 1420-1 ; Lich. Epis. Reg.
ix, fol. 3 A.

18 « Butterworth Hall ' has long been
the name of one of the hamlets, and the
actual site of the ancient hall appears to be
unknown, but Col. Fishwick judges that
the house owned by the Mayall family and
their successors had the best title to the
name ; Rochdale, 339. Robert Mayall, who
died in 1622, held lands in Butterworth
and Buersill of William, Earl of Derby,
as of his manor of Woolton, as parcel of
the late Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem,
in socage by z\d. rent. James Mayall,
the son and heir, was over eleven years of
age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 370. For the later history
see Fishwick, loc. cit.

14 The Byron Chartulary contains many
names of Butterworths ; some have been
given in preceding notes, and in addition the
following may be cited : John son of
Andrew de Brune granted Richard son of
Robert de Butterworth half an oxgang of
land in Butterworth, purchased from Henry
his brother, at 6d. rent ; ibid. no. 14/77.
Ellis son of Andrew de Brune gave Sir
John de Byron and Joan his wife half an
oxgang; ibid, no 54/224. Maud, daughter
of Robert son of Alexander de Butterworth,
granted an oxgang and a half of her father's
land to Robert son of Thomas the Clerk,
at a rent of i8</. ; ibid. no. 34/80. Geof-
frey son of Award de Butterworth granted
to his lord, Sir John de Byron, and Joan
his wife, an oxgang held of Sir John, to-
gether with all the lands and rents held of
him in the vill ; ibid. no. 41/85. Richard
son of Roger de Butterworth gave the ser-
vice of Henry son of Robert de Butter-
worth for an oxgang of land in Butterworth
to Sir John de Byron ; ibid. no. 70/181.

Geoffrey, son of Thomas son of Henry
de Butterworth, about 1 260-70, granted to
Sir John de Byron and Joan his wife and
their heirs all his inheritance in Butter-
worth, as well as the lands he had held of
Sir John, with homages, escheats, wards and
reliefs, liberties, &c., at a rent of a ginger-
root yearly ; ibid. no. 55/225. This
charter was alleged by the tenants of But-
terworth at the survey of 1626 ; Raines
MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxi, 54.

From Hugh de Eland's charter quoted
above, it appears that Richard son of Gil-
bert de Butterworth held of him 2 oxgangs.
This Richard granted to Sir John de By-
ron all his land between Bradley Brook
and the ditch of Geoffrey de Turnagh,

and the Hulls and the field of Ralph del
Rode, with a house on the Hulls and all
the bylandings on that side ; Byron Char-
tul. no. 40/82.

In 3 Edw. (? II) Richard son of Gil-
bert de Butterworth granted all his lands
to his son William, with remainders tc
younger sons, Thomas and Adam ; Towne-
ley MS. GG. no. 68 1. The tenants'
names and services are given ; one of them
was Richard's son Henry, who held Bel-
grene by a rent of 6d. ; see also Final Cone.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 5.

The name Belgrene occurs later in the
account of Milnrow Chapel. By an early
deed John son of Hugh de Eland gave to
Reynold son of Henry Brown an oxgang
called Belgrene, at the ancient rent of 21.5
and afterwards gave him 2 oxgangs which
his uncle William had held ; Towneley
MS. GG, no. 639, 662.

15 It was formerly the residence of the
Milne family j see Fishwick, op. cit. 379.

James Milne died in 1623 holding a
messuage and lands in Butterworth of the
heir of Geoffrey son of Thomas de Butter-
worth, rendering a root of ginger yearly ;
he also held land in Buersill of the Earl
of Derby as of his manor of Woolton.
James, his son and heir, was thirty-six
years of age ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13
(Chet. Lib.), p. 858.

16 It lie» on the east of Milnrow, and is
supposed to have given a surname to the
Holt family, long the principal residents in
the parish. The above-cited deeds about
Belgrene may refer to it.

Richard Butterworth of the Holt (dead
in 1521) was a son of Edward, the bene-
factor of Milnrow Chapel ; Towneley MS.
GG, no 645. Robert Butterworth (son
of Richard) of the Holt in 1530, agreed
that his son Thomas should marry Jane
daughter of James Shepard, of Chesham ;
ibid. no. 717.

A Robert Butterworth in 1545 held a
close called Gyll Cross in Butterworth in
right of his wife Elizabeth ; Pal. of Lane.
Writs of Assize, bdle. 22 (Aug. 37 Hen.
VIII).

Thomas Butterworth of the Holt in
1550 gave to Lawrence Hopwood land
called Inghram, in exchange ; Towneley
MS. GG, no. 719. Thomas died in 1559,
having made a settlement of the Holt ;
ibid. no. 696, 718.

The inquisition shows that Thomas son
of Robert Butterworth, held ten messuages,
&c., in Butterworth, Milnrow, Moorhouse,
Wardle, and Spotland ; his heir being his
sister Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Simon,
and forty years of age. The premises in
Butterworth and Milnrow were held of
the heirs of Hugh de Eland by a rentof 2J.j
those in Moorhouse of the heir of Henry
de Clayton by a rent of 17 d,; the rest, of
the heir of Thomas Buckley, a rent of IQ.J.
being paid for Wardle ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xi, no. 56.

Thomas Simon, of Highton in Essex,
and Elizabeth his wife became bound to
Ewan Butterworth of Chesham in 1559 ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 582 ; and Adam
(? Ewan) Butterworth of Chesham became
bound to Cuthbert Scholefield to secure
the latter's title to Holt ; ibid. no.
591. Ewan and Cuthbert were dividing

214

the estate ; ibid. no. 724. Jane But-
terworth, the widow of Thomas, after-
wards married Nicholas Grimshaw, and
retained possession of the Holt until 1 594,
though many disputes had arisen with
Cuthbert Scholefield ; ibid. no. 733, and
Fishwick, op. cit. 377, &c.

V Gartside appears to have been origin-
ally in Crompton and to have become at-
tached to Rochdale by its grant to Stanlaw
Abbey by Gilbert de Barton. It lay on
the west of Aspiwall syke, and its bounds
had been agreed upon by Baldwin le Tya»
and the said Gilbert ; free approach was
allowed between the ditch of Crompton
and land held of the Hospitallers by
William, then vicar of Rochdale. Adam
de Windhill was tenant for a time ; Whal-
ley Coucber (Chet. Soc.), i, 163-5.

The place gave a surname to one or
more families, who no doubt sprang from
the occupying tenants ; thus about 1 540
James Gartside was the monks' bailiff for
their Rochdale estate; ibid, iv, 1232.
There are various scattered notices of the
Gartsides ; thus William de Milnhouses
released to William son of Edusa de Gart-
side the rent of id. and four barbed arrows
due to him at Martinmas ; ibid, ii, 618.
John de Byron granted to Richard son of
Robert de Gartside land in Butterworth ;
Byron Chartul. no. 77/180.

The Hospitallers had an estate in Gart-
side. Alexander son of Robert de Spot-
land gave to Andrew son of William del
Okencliff all his lands, &c., in Gartside on
the north of the Outlane, held of the Hos-
pital of Jerusalem ; a rent of izd. was
payable and at death ^ mark in lieu of
the third part of the tenant's goods ; ibid,
no. 80/210. Eugenia daughter of Robert
de Belfield, and Lugeria widow of Geoffrey
de Gartside, gave land and dower right in
Gartside to William de Cliff, and in 1284
Thomas le Wyld released to William son
of Richard del Cliff — probably the same
William — 6d. rent due from lands in Gart-
side, formerly Andrew de Gartside's ; ibid.
no. 81/211, 86/236, 3/78. To the last-
quoted charter Richard and Henry de Gart-
side were witnesses. Eugenia seems also
to be described as widow of Richard son of
Edusa de Gartside ; ibid. no. 75/212.

Adam son of William de Gartside in
1351 released to Robert son of William de
Crompton his right to lands inherited from
his father, together with an eighth part of
the estate of Buersill Moor acquired from
John de Balderstone. John Faghell, who
occupied a messuage, &c., gave up his
tenement ; ibid. no. 26/101, 25/100.

The Whalley portion was sold by
Henry VIII to John Braddyll of Whalley
(Pat. 37 Hen. VIII, pt. 4), who conveyed
Gartside Hey, alleged to be parcel of the
same, to Roger Gartside, on which some
hot disputes arose ; see Fishwick, Rochdale,
381, quoting Duchy of Lane. Plerd. 38
Hen. VIII, xiv, G, 9 ; i Edw. VI, i, G,
I. James son of Hugh Gartside in 1545
sold Gartside Hall to Sir John Byron ;
ibid. ; Pal. of Lane. Feet, of F. bdle. 1 2,
m. 208, 344. This was probably the
Hospitallers' portion; it is not named separ-
ately in the rental preserved by Kuerden.
This estate of 101 acres was in 1626 held
by eight freeholders ; Survey in Raines

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

BUTTERWORTH of Bel-
field. Argent a lion
couchant azure between
four coronets gules.

BELFIELD, held in part of the Hospitallers,18 gave
its name to the family owning it ; but little is known
of them,19 a branch of the Butterworths having pos-
session from the i6th century
onwards. Robert Butterworth
died in December 1557 hold-
ing Belfield Hall with various
messuages and lands in Butter-
worth, partly of the Belfields
and partly of others ; also mes-
suages and lands in Castleton,
Hundersfield, and Oldham.*0
Edward, his next of kin and
heir, being a nephew, succeeded,
and died in 1 5 yo,when Alexan-
der, his son and heir, was about
six years of age." Alexander
died in 1623, leaving a son
Edward," who in 1626 held Belfield Hall and 240
acres of land, as well as lands elsewhere.*3 Edward
Butterworth was a Presbyterian, and became a mem-
ber of the Bury classison its formation in 1646 ;14 a
younger brother, Alexander, joined the king's forces,
and compounded for his estate in 1650." Another
brother, Jonathan, left a son Alexander/6 who in 1665
succeeded his uncles Edward and Alexander in the
estate, and died in 1728, having parted with it
to his steward, Richard Townley, a Rochdale
mercer.27 The new owner, who was high sheriff in
I752,*8 was followed by his son and grandson ; but
Belfield was in 1851 sold to Robert Nuttall of Kemp-
say, whose grandson, Captain Clement R. N. Beswicke-
Royds, of Pike House, Littleborough, still owns it.

BELFIELD HALL is a quadrangular building stand-
ing on an elevated site. The principal front, which
was rebuilt in brick in 1752, faces south. On the
west side the ground falls abruptly towards a small
stream called the Stannybrook, and the position of
the hall, as seen from the south-west, is very striking.
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway passes close to

it on the north. The hall is now nearly wholly dis-
mantled, and is fast falling into decay. Two por-
tions of the building — at the north-east corner, and
on the west side of the quadrangle — are occupied as
cottages, and these are the only parts of the old house
at present in a state of repair, the outer walls having
been largely rebuilt, and modern windows inserted.
The rest of the house, including the 18th-century
south wing, is little better than a ruin. The doors
are open for anyone to enter, the windows are
smashed, the floors broken, and the roofs do not keep
out the rain. The whole presents a picture of deso-
lation, all the more to be regretted because a little
timely repair would have preserved the building for
many years to come. Less than twenty years ago the
house presented an ordered appearance, which is now
difficult to recall.

The building is of stone and of two stories. The
walls are constructed with thin rough coursed stones
with long quoins on the angles, and the roofs are
' covered ' with grey stone slates. The entrance to
the quadrangle is through a gateway 8 ft. wide on
the east side. From this, under the archway, doors
open to rooms on either side ; that on the south is
said to have been the Justices' Room, or Court
House, and over the door were formerly the arms
of Butterworth. To the north was a large room
with a fireplace on the west side, opening to the
principal room of the north wing. This was lit
on the south side by a long stone-mullioned bay
window of no less than sixteen lights. The kitchens
were probably on the west side. The 18th-century
south wing seems to have taken the place of an older
wing. A sundial plate formerly at Belfield I8a bears the
date 1619, and it is possible that the Hall as now
existing is of much the same period. The west side
has been much altered in more recent times, and
may even have been entirely rebuilt before the
coming of the Townleys in 1728. The quadrangle
measures about 46 ft. across from east to west, and

MSS. xxi, 51. The hall afterwards
became the property of William Greaves,
who rebuilt it in 1697 ; later of the Town-
leys of Belfield, and then of Mr. E. A. N.
Royds ; see Fishwick, op. cit. 382.

" Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84. 'Robert
Butterworth, for Belfield, 6d.' This is not
named in the Inq. p.m.

"Alexander de Belfield in 1288 sold
land in Ogden to Sir John de Byron and
Joan his wife ; Byron Chartul. no. 7/48.
Adam de Belfield was a witness in 1344 ;
ibid.no. 15/187. Henry de Belfield occurs
frequently in the Scholefield D. about
1300, together with his brothers Nicholas
and Adam. Some other scattered notices
will be found in Fishwick, op. cit. 339-
42.

In 1310 Henry de Butterworth obtained
from Alexander de Belfield two messuages
and lands in Butterworth ; Final Cone, ii, 3.
Ralph de Belfield in 1415 alleged that
Sir John de Ashton and others had dis-
seised him of messuages, lands, and rents
in Butterworth ; Coram Rege R. East.
3 Hen. V, m. 73. This may, however,
refer to the Belfields of Clegg.

80 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 14.
The tenures were various. Part of the
estate of Butterworth was held of Sir John
Byron in socage by a rent of zs. 3 \d. ; an-
other part of Cuthbert Scholefield, by a rent
of \$d. ; another of the heirs of Ralph Bel-

field, by a rent of i id. ; another of Thomas
Belfield, by a rent of zs. ; others of Sir
Henry Savile and Robert Holt of Stubley,
by a rent of jd. ; another of the said
Robert Holt, by a rent of \\d. A mes-
suage, &c., in Castleton was held of Arthur
Ashton and Berlin Scholefield by a rent of
3<f. Six messuages, a water-mill, &c., in
Hundersfield were held of Sir Henry Savile
by a rent of zid., and of Robert Holt by a
rent of 6d. A messuage in Oldham was
held jointly of Sir John Byron,Thomas Bel-
field, and Cuthbert Scholefield. Deceased
had made a settlement in 1 547, providing
for his wife Joan. The heir was Edward
Butterworth, forty-four years of age.

21 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiii, no. 2,
14. Edward's will is recited as well as a
recovery of 1568 ; to Jane his wife and
daughter of Richard Holt he left Belfield
Hall, but a third part only if she married
again. Several changes appear in the
tenures : The Little Quicks in Butter-
worth was held of the queen as of her
manor of Rochdale in socage by zd. rent ;
other land in Butterworth of Elizabeth
Belfield, William Ashton, and Anne his
wife, in right of Elizabeth and Anne, daugh-
ters and heirs of Ralph Belfield, by a rent
of I zd. ; the rent payable to Thomas Bel-
field is given as dd. only ; Robert Savile
and Charles Holt of Stubley have taken the
place of the lords in 1557 ; Charles Holt

215

instead of Sir John Byron had the rent of
zs. 3 \d. for the Kaleyards (Callyardes) 5
Henry Scholefield is named instead of Ber-
lin ; and Robert Barton held the messuage,
&c., in Oldham. The lands in Hunders-
field were those known as the Starring and
the Hades.

28 Lanes. Ing. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 378. There are several fresh
variations in the tenures. A pedigree was
recorded in 1613 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 12.

28 Survey in Raines, xxi, 34 ; he held
1 by grant of his great-uncle Robert But-
terworth.'

34 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 227.

84 He took part in the defence of La-
thom House at its second siege in 1645.
His only property was a nag, besides wear-
ing apparel worth £20 ; Royalist Com-
position Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 264-6.

26 See the pedigree recorded in 1665 ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 65, when
Alexander, the heir, was twenty-four years
of age. He was sherifF in 1675 ; P.R.O.
List, 73.

a? The later part of the story is taken
from Fishwick's Rochdale, 344-7, where a
pedigree of the Butterworths will be
found.

"8 P.R.O. List, 74.

283 Now in possession of Lt.-Col. Fish-
wick, The Heights, Rochdale.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

42 ft. from north to south. It is now overgrown
with grass, though the cobble pavement was in good
condition till a quite recent date (i.e. in 1889).
The principal room on the north side of the quad-
rangle is about 38 ft. in length, and 24ft. in breadth,
and has a flat ceiling. There is a large ingle-nook
IO ft. wide at the west end, now built up. Until
recently the room was occupied as cottages, and the
wall dividing it into two still remains. The whole
of the courtyard side of the room is taken up by
the sixteen-light window before mentioned, with a
smaller window on each side, one single light in each
return. The bay is 23 ft. in length inside, and is
carried up with a projection of 2 ft. 6 in. to the first
floor, where a similar window lights the room above.

17*- CENTURY

17- CE.NTUFU (LATt)

THIS PART REBUILT "752 6* RICHARD Tn\dNi.E.Y

PLAN OF BELFIELD HALL

On the other side are two smaller bays facing north,
one of them awkwardly contrived behind the pro-
jection of the ingle-nook. These seem to be later
additions or afterthoughts to the original design, and
built with more regard to outside than inside appear-
ance. The staircase is said to have been in the
north-east angle of the house, though there are now
no traces of it. In the west wing, supposed to have
contained the kitchen, is a fireplace opening 1 7 ft.
wide, since built up, and two modern grates in-
serted, the room having previously been divided into
two.

The exterior elevations of Belfield Hall are chiefly
distinguished by the long low stone windows without
transoms, which give the building a rather squat and
monotonous appearance. The entrance front to the
east has a thirteen-light window of this description to

the left of the gateway and two similar windows each
of five lights to the right. Above, on the first
floor, are five windows of five lights each and one
with two. All the windows in the old part of the
house, with the exception of those to the great
bay on the south side and four in the west wing,,
have transoms are of the same type, and the lack of
variety in detail makes the building just miss that
note of distinction which otherwise it might have-
possessed. There is a continuous moulded string-
course at the height of the ground-floor window-
heads which is continued round the entrance arch-
way on the east side, and the upper windows on the
outer elevation have hood-moulds. The two great six-
teen-light transomed windows to the courtyard, one
over the other, separated
by a plain wall-space, to-
gether with the gable on
the west side, make the
inner elevations far more
picturesque than those on
the outside of the house
— a picturesqueness, how-
ever, the full effect of
which is lost by the other-
wise straight and un-
broken lines of the eaves-
and roofs.

The northern elevation
now facing the railway is-
broken up by the two-
small projecting bays,,
which go up both stories
and finish with stone
gables. This front seems to-
have been much patched
and altered. The end
gable and wall below to-
the east, as has before been
stated, has been entirely
refaced in modern times,
and the two doorways
which now give entrance
to the chief apartments
are modern insertions.
On the other hand it ap-
pears that a projecting
bay 1 1 ft. in width for-
merly existed in the centre
of the wall on this side, as
shown by the break in the

plinth. The south side of the quadrangle is occupied
by the back of the 18th-century building erected by
Col. Townley which rises a full story above the lines
of the eaves of the old roofs, and consequently over-
shadows the courtyard on the side where the light
could be least spared. No attempt has been made
to harmonize the new work with the old except that
the wall has on this side been faced with stone — prob-
ably the old materials used up — and the south side
of the quadrangle is properly a back elevation. In
later times an enormous buttress has been introduced
to strengthen the wall, further destroying the pic-
turesqueness of the courtyard.

The new south front erected by Col. Townley
in 1752 is a classic composition of two stories in
brick and stone possessing a certain dignity and state-
liness, but rather coarse in detail. It is about looft.

216

BUTTERWORTH : BELF1ELD HALL

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

in length. The centre portion has Doric pilasters,
a heavy cornice and panelled attic of stone, and
is flanked by slightly recessed wings with four win-
dows on each floor, the end windows on each side
being much too near the angles of the building. The
whole of this portion of the house is practically
gutted, and is in a dangerous condition.

WILD HOUSE was about 1540 held of the Hos-
pitallers by Nicholas Butterworth, who paid a quit-
rent of 6d.K It passed by marriage to the Hamers,
and after several sales became the property of the
Fentons.30 Birchinley is another old estate, which
has also come into the Fentons' possession."

LOW HOUSE was also held of the Hospitallers
by a rent of I %d. ; the tenant about 1 540 was Robert
Butterworth.32 In 1626 it was held by John Butter-
worth, together with the adjoining Crow Nest estate,
paying various rents to the chief lords.33 It after-
wards descended to the Chadwicks of Roughbank.34

FL4SH HOUSE, also part of the Hospitallers'
estate, was long held by the Chethams of Nuthurst.35

Turnagh, corrupted into Turner, occurs in deeds of
the 1 3th century.36 The family appear to have
settled at Scholefield, and in 1626 Edward White-
head held part of it by grant of Gerard Scholefield,
paying a rent of jd. to Sir John Byron ; John Butter-
worth held another part.37

SCHOLEFIELD or Schofield gave its name to a
family who held it for many centuries.38 A number
of the charters have been preserved,39 from which it
appears that John son of Alan de Hollinworth gave
Adam de Turnagh, his lord, an oxgang of land in the
Scholefield in Hollinworth, which his father had pur-
chased from Roger de Winterworth ; 40 and that
Roger de Butterworth released all his right in the
same oxgang.41 William son of Adam de Turnagh
had a grant of land in Longden Brook," and perhaps
John de Scholefield, the first known to have assumed
the name, was another son of Adam, or else a son of
William.43 John appears to have had several sons —
John, William, Adam, and Richard ; 44 and in the
time of Richard II John the son, then known as John

29 Kuerden MSS. v, foL 84. The place
may have taken its name from the Wyld
family, one or two of whom have been
named in preceding notes.

Thomas le Wild of Butterworth gave
all his title in the vill to Thomas his son ;
this included an oxgang granted by John
de Byron, and land held of Henry de Lacy
by a rent of 2s. 6d. ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 603.

By an inquisition made in 1496 it was
found that Henry Butterworth had died
seised of four messuages, 60 acres of land,
&c., in Butterworth and Hundersfield, held
of the king as of his duchy by a rent of
i$d., and of the clear value of 2.6s. 8</.
Ralph, his son and heir, was five years
old ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 9, 10.

From a deed of 1308-9 quoted in the
survey of 1626, when Ralph Butterworth
was tenant, it appears that a rent of i <;</.
was then paid to Henry de Lacy. In the
survey the i^d. was stated to be paid to
the king, while another rent of 1 5</. was
paid to the Saviles for the Hospitallers,
though in a deed of 1609 relating to the
mansion-house and lands a rent of i %d. is
said to be due to St. John's Hospital ;
Raines MSS. xxi, 41.

80 Fishwick, op. cit. 372.

81 Ibid., 368-70. Robert Butterworth
of Birchinley died in 1609 holding mes-
suages and lands in Hundersfield, Butter-
worth, and Oldham ; those in Hunders-
field being held of the king as of the dis-
solved priory of St. John of Jerusalem by
a rent of 12 d. ; and those in Butterworth
of Sir John Byron by the 2OOth part of a
knight's fee and zod. rent. The heirs were
his sisters and their sons ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 142-4.

82 Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.

88 Survey in Raines MSS. xxi, 43.
For Low House, with 55 acres, the St.
John's rent was 1 8<f., as in the rental ;
for Crow Nest, with 92 acres, 6d. was
due to the Saviles, izd. to Robert Holt,
and izd. to St. John's. John Butterworth
died 13 March 1626-7, holding Low
House, &c., as of the suppressed Hospital ;
the heir was his grandson John (son of
Ralph son of John), aged twenty-seven
and more ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), 56.

84 For the later history see Fishwick,
Rochdale, 374-5.

85 Thomas de Chetham, who died in
1383, held it; Towneley MS. DD, no.
1463. In 1470 James Chetham leased it
to Elinor Wardle for twenty years, at the
rent of 27*., with boons of four days'
'shearing' in harvest and four hens at
Yule ; Clowes D. no. 5. James Chetham
about 1540 paid a rent of iSJ. for the
estate ; Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84. This
service is not usually stated in the Chetham
inquisitions, though Flash House is men-
tioned. The 1626 survey describes the
estate as 99 acres ; Raines MSS. xxi, 43.

In 1659 the trustees of Thomas Chet-
ham of Nuthurst sold it to Edward Chet-
ham to raise money for the portions of
Thomas's daughters ; Clowes D. no. 12.
It seems afterwards to have come into the
hands of the Holts of Lower Place in
Castleton ; Fishwick, op. cit. 324. The
family also held lands in Castleton ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
16-18.

86 The Byron Chartulary has several
deeds relating to the family ; see also the
account of Scholefield. Thus Geoffrey
de Turnagh granted the whole of Turnagh,
which his father Richard had held, to
Richard de Turnagh at a rent of 3*. zd. ;
Byron Chartul. no. 78/205. Henry de
Turnagh granted Over Turnagh to Henry
son of Ellen, with common of pasture in
Spotland, at ^d. rent ; ibid. no. 79/206.
Nicholas son of Richard de Turnagh
afterwards granted all Turnagh, which he
had inherited from his father, to Sir John
de Byron and Joan his wife ; ibid,
no. 49/207. See also Raines MSS. xi,
247, &c. William son of Geoffrey de
Turnagh received a moiety of the Leys in
Hollinworth from William de Rudhurst
in 1298 ; Towneley MS. GG, no. 700.

John son of Alan de Hollinworth in
1278-80 claimed an oxgang of land in
Butterworth against William son of Adam
de Turnagh ; De Banco R. 24, m. 65 ;
36, m. 125 d.

John de Hindley in 1296 claimed an
oxgang in Butterworth against John son
of Adam de 'Turney ' and Alice his wife;
De Banco R. 113, m. 20 d. ; 125, m. 157.

87 Survey, ut sup. 41, 43. John was the
son of Charles Butterworth, who died in
1622 holding the capital messuage called
Turnagh in Butterworth and the Crook
in Hundersfield of Sir John Byron, the
former by a rent of 4*. 3</., and the latter

2I7

by one of 3</. ; also lands in Bedford and
Pennington ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc,
Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 338. See Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 355-7.

88 Scholefield Hall is now regarded as
in the hamlet of Low House ; but from
the charters quoted below it appears to-
have been originally within Hollinworth
in Clegg.

89 InTowneley MS. GG, no. 558-739.

40 GG, no. 604-5.

41 GG, no. 602.

42 GG, no. 607 ; the grantors were
William de Sale and Cecily his wife, who-
occur again in Hollinworth. Cecily
widow of William de Sale in 1294 granted
all her lands in 'Witach* to John and
Adam sons of Adam de Turnagh ; GG,
no. 674.

48 William son of Geoffrey de Turnagh
in 1301 gave John de le Scholefield part
of his land in Butterworth called the
Leys, to be held of the nearer chief lord
of the fee ; ibid. GG, no. 663. Two
years later John obtained land called the
* Brerylees ' in Hollinworth from the son
of Andrew de Rudhurst ; GG, no. 664.

In 1306 Matthew de Clegg granted to
John de Scholefield the homage of Alex-
ander de Belfield, viz. a rent of 12^.; and
that of Richard de Hundersfield, viz. id.-r
GG, no. 629.

44 John son of John de Scholefield was
a witness in 1321 ; Whalley Coucher, ii,
634. In i Edw. (? Ill) William son of
Henry de Ogden gave to John son of
John de Scholefield land in Hollinworth
of which the bounds touched or included
Whitacre Syke, Birchinbrook, and Brier-
leys ; Towneley MS. GG, no. 612.

William son of John de Scholefield re-
ceived land in Hollinworth called Simon-
rode from Richard son of Andrew de
Hollinworth in 1313 ; ibid. no. 621 ; see
also no. 647 (1321).

William de Lightollers in 1325 released
to Adam son of John de Scholefield all
his claim to land in Hundersfield then
occupied by Adam ; GG, no. 630. Adam
de Scholefield in 1340 released to his
brother John all his land in Clegg for
life ; ibid. no. 727.

William de Lighbfllers, apparently in
1320-1 (14 Edw. — ), gave to Richard,
son of John de Scholefield a rent of 6d.
payable by Richard de Ogden from a
tenement in Blatchinworth ; ibid. no.

28

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

de Scholefield the elder, made
a grant of lands to his son
John.45 At the same time
a Henry de Scholefield ap-
pears,46 and in the next cen-
tury a Hugh de Scholefield,
probably son of the younger
John, was in possession.47 He
left a son James,48 from whom
the descent is readily traced.49
Cuthbert Scholefield, great-
grandson of James, living in
the time of Elizabeth, was
party to numerous suits.40 His
nephew Gerard" succeeded, and died at Holt in

SCHOLEFIELD. Gules
a. fesse between three
bulls' heads caboised ar-
gent.

Butterworth on I October 1638, holding Schole,
field Hall, Windy Hills, and the Holt ; Windy Hills
which had been purchased of Sir John Byron, was
held of the king by knight's service, but the tenure
of the rest was unknown." The son and heir James
was eighteen years of age ; he was living in 1665,
when he recorded a pedigree at the Visitation,53
and was succeeded by his son Radcliffe, whose son,
grandson, and great-grandson were Nonconformist
ministers. Scholefield Hall was sold in 1673 to Seth
Clayton, and in 1770 to Robert Entwisle of Fox-
holes.

CLEGG 54 gave a surname to its earlier owners,55
who were succeeded by a branch of the Belfields,56
from whom it descended in the i6th century to the

625 ; John de Scholefield, clerk, was a
witness. Ellen de Belfield in 1334
claimed lands in Butterworth against
Richard son of John de Scholefield ; De
Banco R. 298, m. 53 ; while in the same
year Nicholas son of Ellen de Belfield
released all his title to lands in Clegg to
Richard son of John de Scholefield ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 589. Richard
son of Roger de Butterworth in 7 Edw.
(? 1314) granted to Richard de Scholefield,
clerk, the service of 12 J. due to him from
lands in Scholefield ; ibid. no. 627.

45 Ibid. no. 559, 686; the date is
1387-8, and the grant was of the Upper
and Nether 'Efield.' In 1368 John de
Scholefield the elder had given the Upper
•* Heyfield ' to his brother Richard for life,
with remainder to John's son Adam ;
ibid. no. 713, 613. From this it seems
probable that it is the same John de
Scholefield who appears in a number of
•deeds in the time of Edward III. e.g.
ibid. no. 684 (1332), 626 (1347), 586
<I363), 628 (1383-4).

46 In 1382 Henry de Scholefield released
to John de Scholefield and his heirs all
his claim to lands, &c., in Butterworth,
Whitacres, Brierleys, and Middlehurst ;
ibid. no. 634. Henry de Scholefield
in 1405 received lands in Spotland and
Hundersfield which had belonged to
Nicholas Coke of Milnhouse and Alice
his wife ; John son of Henry was a wit-
ness ; ibid. no. 643. A charter by Henry
is dated at Whitacres, 1421, while a
feoffment of lands in Butterworth and
Hundersfield was made by his son John
in 1424 ; ibid. no. 633, 632.

4? In 1436 there was a change of the
feoffees of the lands of Hugh de Schole-
field ; ibid. no. 714.

An undated petition shows that Hugh
de Scholefield was son of John, brother of
Henry de Scholefield, who, in or before
1393, was a trustee of Thomas de Chad-
derton ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i,
56. It would appear therefore that the
John son of Henry had died without
issue, or that there were two Henrys.

Hugh son of Hugh Scholefield came
to a violent end in 1451 ; ibid, ii, 58. He
may have been the elder brother of James,
•who succeeded.

48 James son of Hugh de Scholefield,
and Margaret his wife, appear from about
1450 onwards. In 1453 James received
from the feoffees lands in Hundersfield and
Spotland which had formerly belonged to
William son of John son of Richard de
Scholefield ; Towneley MS. GG, no. 564 ;
see also Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 29, m. 2 d.
(John son of Richard was living in 1410 ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 618.) Nicholas
and Denis, sons of the said William, re-

leased their claim a month later ; ibid,
no. 578, 579.

In 1455-6 Thomas Pilkington and
Alexander Radcliffe as arbitrators gave
their decision in disputes which had been
stirred between the brothers Hugh,
Nicholas, Ralph, Henry, and John Schole-
field, and James son of Hugh, on the one
side ; and Alexander, son of Alexander
Butterworth of Belfield, and his brothers
on the other side ; Alexander Butter-
worth was ordered to pay £20 to Hugh
Scholefield; ibid. no. 584.

James son of Hugh, and Margaret his
wife, in 1456-7 received from the trustee
(Richard del Forth, rector of Radcliffe)
lands called Turnagh Efields and Ley
Boughtanrode,with remainders to Nicholas,
Ralph, Henry, and John Scholefield, and
the right heirs of Hugh ; ibid. no. 599.

From a claim to lands at Lincoln in
1588 it appears that John Scholefield just
named had a son John, whose son William
left the land claimed ; the heir was Cuth-
bert Scholefield, son of James son of
Hugh son of the above-named James
Scholefield ; ibid. no. 782.

49 An outline of the pedigree is given
in the preceding note. Hugh son and
heir of James Scholefield and his feoffees
in 1511 granted to Gilbert and Henry
sons of Richard Whitley a messuage and
lands known as Overhey and Marterlaw
in Scholefield, rendering 85. io</. to the
chief lords; ibid. no. 562. In 1514,
after an arbitration, Hugh Scholefield was
ordered to pay a rent of zs. yd. to Robert
Holt, in respect of lands in Spotland ; ibid,
no. 688. James Scholefield, son of Hugh,
was plaintiff in 1537 respecting Whitacre ;
Fishwick, Rochdale, 359.

50 Ibid. 359 ; he sought a divorce from
his wife, and afterwards lived with one
Jane Langley, by whom he had issue.
Cuthbert, son and heir of James Schole-
field, procured a crest to be added to his
ancient coat of arms, which was con-
firmed, by William Flower, Norroy, in
1583 ; Towneley MS. GG, no. 558. He
purchased the Holt; ibid. no. 591, 724,
733. At one time he was required to
make a public apology to Arthur Ashton
and Roger Chadwick ; ibid. no. 707.

In 1565 he settled his estates, with re-
mainders successively to his brothers,
Alexander, James, and Richard ; to Alex-
ander, bastard son of Arthur Scholefield,
and Arthur his son ; deed recited in Inq.
p.m. of Gerard Scholefield ; see also Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 30 (1568), m.
50.

The will of Arthur Scholefield, 1557,
is printed in Piccope's Wills (Chet. Soc.),

»» 39-

51 In the Survey of 1626 he is called

2l8

grand-nephew of Cuthbert. The estate
then included 367 acres ; a chief rent of
31. 4</., due to the Saviles, had not been
paid for many years ; Raines MSS. xxi, 35.

52 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii,
no. 26.

83 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 256.
For the later descents and tabular pedigree
see Fishwick, op. cit. 361—4.

54 In 1261 Alice widow of Geoffrey de
Buerdsill sought dower in Clegg against
various tenants, whose names and hold-
ings were as follows : Richard son of Ivo,
Alexander de Blackstub, Richard de
Turnagh, and John de Newbold, each i ox-
gang ; William son of Warine, Richard le
Reus, Andrew son of Ellen, Richard Byron,
and Agnes the widow, each £ oxgang ;
Curia Regis R. 171, m. 46 d.

M Hugh de Clegg, early in the I3th cen-
tury, gave to Ivo his brother (see the last
note) part of Whitacres, within bounds
beginning at ' Sallomo ' Bridge on the
east, at the cold waters, descending to the
brook between Middlehurst and Rudhurst,
and to the Brook of Hollinworth, and the
balk (liranticuluni) between Blatchinworth
and Whitacres, and up to ' Solamio" syke;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 702. Henry son
of Ralph or Randle de Clegg gave to
his son John land in Butterworth in
1310-11; the bounds began at Butter-
worth ford over the Roch ; ibid. no. 598.
Henry granted all his messuages and lands
in Clegg to his brother Thomas in 1316-
17 ; ibid. no. 566. To another of Henry's
charters Roger and Adam de Clegg were
witnesses; no. 635. Geoffrey de Clegg
attested a deed in 1334 ; ibid. no. 589.

Eugenia widow of Richard Byron in
1284 claimed 7 acres in Butterworth
against Ralph and Matthew de Clegg ; it
was shown that Matthew held of Ralph,
who had had a grant from Alice sister of
Eugenia ; Assize R. 1268, m. 12 d,

68 Matthew de Clegg in 1310-11
granted all his lands to Adam de
Belfield, and Thomas the son of Adam
in 1348 granted land to his brother Adam
de Belfield ; Fishwick, Rochdale, 350-1,
quoting High Legh deeds. Adam son of
Geoffrey de Clegg and Alice his wife in
1373 claimed dower in three messuages,
&c., in Butterworth against Adam de Bel-
field ; De Banco R. 452, m. 373 d. ;
454, m. 337 d.; 456, m. 234d. Short
abstracts of the Belfield deeds are printed
in Lanes, and Ches.Antiq. Notes, i, 41, 50.

A claim by Alexander Belfiel^ against
Elizabeth and Anne Belfield in 1561 ex-
hibited the following pedigree : — Chris-
topher Belfield — s. Ralph — s. Ralph — s.
Adam — sons Arthur (heir), Charles, and
Alexander (apparently the claimant) ;
Arthur had sons Ralph (heir) and Charles;

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

Ashtons.57 It afterwards passed through various
hands, becoming at last the property of the Fentons.
It was sold by Mr. R. K. Fenton in 1906.

CLEGG HALL stands on the site of an older
house on high ground about z\ miles north-east of
Rochdale. It is a strong-looking stone building of
three stories and an attic, rectangular in plan, mea-
suring about 68 ft. in length by 50 ft. from front to
back, with three gables on each face and a projecting
porch on the principal or north front. It was appar-
ently built at the end of the 1 6th or beginning of
the I yth century (the Ashton mullet carved in the
spandrels of the entrance doorway fixing the date
somewhere between 1571 and 1622), and is a good
example of the stone-built house of the period, with
mullioned and transomed windows. The lower
story forms a basement with a high plinth at the
level of the sill of the windows of the principal floor,
the ground being raised in front opposite to the
entrance, which no doubt was approached by steps.
In front the building is therefore apparently of less
height than at the sides and back, where the ground
retains its natural level.

The plan is interesting, and of quite a different
type from the traditional one from which the majority
of house plans in the district are derived. It has
indeed on the ground floor a large room taking up
the north-east angle, which represents the hall, and
has at the west doorways opening north and south to
the porch and main staircase, recalling in some degree
the passage through the screens at the lower end of
a hall. But otherwise the disposition of the rooms is
entirely dictated by the simple rectangular plan, with
the staircase set centrally in the back or south half,
and four approximately equal rooms on each floor.
The kitchen is in the base, at the south-west angle,

and the fireplaces of the various rooms are arranged
back to back in a wall running east and west through
the middle of the building.

The building as a whole is very plain in detail,,
the whole of the ornamentation being concentrated
in the porch, which is of two stories under the middle
gable, with a round-arched doorway under a square
head on the ground floor, and a five-light mullioned
and transomed window above, with two lights on
each return. The doorway is flanked by pairs of
classic columns, with entablatures over, and the win-
dow above also has a column on each side with a
smaller entablature and cornice of less projection.
The detail of this Renaissance work is coarse and
poor, and the capitals of the columns of a rather non-
descript character. The elevations are very symme-
trical ; on each side of the porch are two windows-
on each floor, of four or five lights, and the gables
have copings and ornamental finials. The principal
first-floor room, or hall, is distinguished by having
five-light windows. The north and west sides are
faced with large coursed stones, but on the east and
south the walling is of rubble. All the windows have
labels, those of the first floor being continued round
the building as a string-course, and nearly all the
windows retain their original mullions and transoms.
The roofs are covered with stone slates. The original
appearance of the interior has been entirely lost by
the house having been divided for a long time into
separate tenements, a use to which it is still put.57a

CLEGGSWOOD * became the seat of the Belfields of
Belfield about I joo,59 and by the marriage of Anne Bel-
field to Richard Ingham was about 1 640 carried to the
latter family, who owned it for the greater part of a
century.60 Little Clegg was owned by a family
named Clegg.61 Whitacre or Whittaker was at one

Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 210, m. 16. Ralph
son of Christopher was living in 1445 ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 7, m. 15 ; 12,
m. 82 ; Ralph senior and Ralph his son
in 1482 ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton.
22 Edw. IV. The Inq. p.m. of Adam
Belfield has been preserved ; it shows
that he died in 1543 holding messuages,
&c., in Butterworth of Sir John Byron
by a rent of 6*. 8</., and in Spotland of
Robert Holt by a rent of 6*. ; Arthur, his
son and heir, was over thirty-six years of
age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no. 34.

5? Ralph Belfield of Clegg died in August
1557, leaving two daughters, Elizabeth
and Anne, to share the inheritance ; his
will is printed in Piccope's Wills (Chet.
Soc.), iii, 83-6.

The two sisters, after child marriages
and divorces, married brothers — Edward
and William, sons of Arthur Ashton.

Richard Legh and Anne his wife,
Alexander Barlow and Elizabeth his wife
in 1563 obtained the manor of Clegg, &c.,
from Alexander Belfield ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 25, m. 35. In 1572
Alexander, son and heir of Alexander
Barlow and Elizabeth his wife, had a
moiety of the manors of Clegg and Dut-
ton ; ibid. bdle. 34, m. 98. Arthur Ash-
ton in 1552 purchased a messuage and
land in Butterworth from Richard Butter-
worth and Joan his wife ; ibid. bdle. 26,
m. 245. His will is in Pal. Note Bk.
iv, 1 1 8.

Edward and Elizabeth Ashton had no
issue, so that the whole came to Anne
and William Ashton, whose son Theo-
philus succeeded. A settlement by William

Ashton, Anne his wife, and Elizabeth Bel-
field her sister, was made in 1576; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 38, m. 40.
Theophilus sold it in 1618 to his sister
Elizabeth and her husband Edmund
Howarth, and by descent and purchase
it came to the Fentons ; see Fishwick,
op. cit. 352, 353. Susan, another sister,
married John Hyde, and they had a third
of the manor in 1599; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 61, m. 143. In 1626
Elizabeth Howarth and Robert her son
held Clegg Hall with 179 acres of land,
by grant of the trustees of Theophilus
Ashton of Clegg ; while Grace, widow of
Alexander Butterworth, as co-heir of Anne,
late wife of William Ashton of Clegg,
held 8 1 acres. In all a rent of 6s. id.
was paid to the Saviles (or their repre-
sentatives) ; Surv. in Raines MSS. xxi, 60.
"• There is a local proverb, * As ill as
Clegg Hall boggart,' referring to a tra-
dition that the man in possession at one
time destroyed the rightful heirs by
drowning them in the moat, the house
being afterwards haunted ; Fishwick.

48 Thomas the Barber of Coventry
and Joan his wife, daughter of Edmund
son of Jordan, and heir of Alice daughter
of William Pearson of Cleggswood, his
mother, in 1401 granted lands in Falinge
to William the Cook of Rochdale ; Towne-
ley MS. GG, no. 569.

49 See Fishwick, op. cit. 348-50.
Thomas Belfield died in 1 532, holding mes-
suages, manors, and lands in Butterworth,
Hundersfield, Spotland, and Castleton of
Robert Holt by knight's service and a
rent of 51. -jd. ; the annual value was 20

219

marks. Thomas, the son and heir, was
fourteen years of age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. vi, no. 26. From the account
of Belfield it will be seen that that estate
was in 1557 held partly of Thomas Bel-
field by a rent of zs. Thomas was suc-
ceeded by his son John, who in 1601
made a settlement of his lands in Butter-
worth, Hundersfield, and Spotland, in
conjunction with his wife Margaret ; the
capital messuage or manor of Cleggswood
was assigned for life to Deborah, wife of
Abraham Belfield, son and heir of John ;
the lands in Butterworth, &c., were held
of John Holt by a rent of 5*. j\d.t but
some in Hundersfield were held of the
king ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 22-4. Abraham died in
1614, and wag succeeded by his son John,
fourteen years of age, who died in 1632,
leaving, by Elizabeth his wife, a son and
heir Thomas, seven years old. The three
widows — Margaret, Deborah, and Eliza-
beth— were living when the inquisition
was made. The estate was held of John
Holt ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii,
no. 3. Thomas succeeded, but his sister
Anne ultimately inherited.

60 Fishwick, loc. cit.

61 Ibid. 389. Oliver son of John
Holt of Hundersfield, was charged with
having maltreated Alice wife of John

' Clegg in 1445. He replied that he had
submitted to an arbitration as to the mat-
ter, and should not be troubled further ;
John Clegg had been ordered to pay him
40*. The said John, however, averred
that he had consented to an arbitration
only on condition that Henry Marl and,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

time owned by the Scholefields" HOLLINfTORTH,
or at least the portion which belonged to the Hos-
pitallers, was long tenanted by a family named Hill.63
About 1270 2 oxgangs in Hollinworth were held
by William de Sale and Cecily his wife, in the latter's
right, it would appear ; and in 1278 a messuage and
half an oxgang were granted to John de Houghton
and Cecily his wife at a rent of 1 3</.M Afterwards

the estate was sold to Sir John de Byron and Joan
his wife."

Of HAVGH or Halgh there is little to be said ;M
it was acquired by the Byrons.

In Bleakedgate was OGDEN, originally Akeden,
formerly held by Monk Bretton Priory.67 It also be-
came part of the Byron estate.68 ROUGHB4NK
was in 1626 owned by James Chadwick ; the estate

vicar of Rochdale, and certain others were
among the arbitrators, and that had not
been the case ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 10,
m. 23.

One James Clegg — not, it would seem,
•of this family — died in 1621 holding
lands (formerly the Hospitallers') of the
Earl of Derby by a rent of z\d. James
his son and heir was twenty-eight years
old 5 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.), iii,
370.

62 Some Whitacre, or Whitacres, deeds
have been noticed in the account of Schole-
field. John de Scholefield in 3 Edw.
(? II) gave to John his son all his land
at Whitacre, with remainder to Adam,
another son ; Towneley MS. RR, no.
' 382. One of the grants by Henry de
Scholefield in 1421 was dated at Whit-
acres; Towneley MS. GG, no. 633.

The estate was in dispute in 1537, when
James Scholefield of Scholefield claimed
by entail against Hugh son of John Schole-
field, who was in possession ; Fishwick,
•op. cit. 359, quoting Duchy Plead.
Hen. VIII, viii, S, 8 ; x, S, 9, 9*. Richard
Lightollers of Windybank, and Henry
.Scholefield of Whitacre, had in 1557-8
the guardianship of Robert son and heir
of Lawrence Newall, whose mother Agnes
afterwards married Robert Butterworth ;
and Henry afterwards (1564) became
sole guardian ; Towneley MS. GG, no.

703-

Arthur Scholefield in 1569 purchased 60
acres of moor from Sir John Byron ; Pal.
•of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 104. In
1575 Henry Scholefield the younger and
Jane his wife seem to have released to
Arthur Lord and Margaret his wife a
messuage and lands in Butterworth ; ibid,
'bdle. 37, m. 86. A settlement of six
messuages and various lands was made in
1584 by Henry Scholefield, Isabel his
wife, and Arthur his son ; ibid. bdle. 46,
m. 174. A further arrangement was
made in 1596, Arthur's wife Margaret
being concerned ; ibid. 59, m. 367. Henry
Scholefield died in 1607 holding land in
Hollinworth of John Holt by knight's
.service and \o\d. rent, and in Butter-
•worth of Sir John Byron by knight's ser-
vice and 41. rent. The heir was his
grandson Abraham (son of Arthur), thirty
years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
l,ancs. and Ches.), i, 133.

In 1626 Jacob Scholefield held Whit-
acres, with 138 acres, by grant of Abra-
ham Scholefield, in 1615 ; Surv. in Raines
MSS. xxi, fol. 67. For the later descent,
after the estate had been much divided,
-see Fishwick, op. cit. 366, 367.

Brierley, mentioned in preceding notes,
was part of Whitacre.

68 The name is often spelt Holling-
worth. In the Hospitallers' rental, c.
1540, it is said that Thomas Hill paid 6J.
for Hollinworth ; Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.
Thomas, son of Ellis Hill in 1477, was
bound to settle the lands he had by his
•wife Alison upon his son Ellis; Towneley
MS. GG, no. 689. In 1514 Thomas
son of Ellis Hill received certain lands in
.Swinestiker and Saltley in Butterworth

from the feoffees ; GG, no. 610. Thomas
Hill (a minor) was in 1577-9 engaged in
various suits regarding lands in Hollin-
worth and Sladen ; Ducatus Lane, ii, 56,
61, 87.

In 1626 Thomas Hill, grandson of
Thomas Hill and Dorothy his wife, and
great-grandson of ArthurWhitehead(i 5 88)
held Upper Hollinworth ; Surv., ut
sup. 67. Part is now the endowment
of Hill's Charity for schools at Ogden and
Hollinworth.

64 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 155. The rent was payable
to William and Cecily and the heirs
of Cecily. From the following note
it will be seen that John de (West-)
houghton was also called John de Rylands.

In the Byron Chartulary is a grant
by Thomas de Bamford to Matthew de
Hollinworth of a fourth part of Whit-
acres and Middlehurst, with common of
pasture in the vill of Hollinworth at 6d.
rent ; no. 60/130. It is possible that this
Matthew is the Matthew de Bromhale
who, in conjunction with Helen his wife,
acquired 2 oxgangs in Butterworth in
1235 from Reyner son of Henry; Final
Cone, i, 68. Cecily daughter of Matthew
de Hollinworth gave a moiety of Whit-
acres to Adam de Turnagh in exchange
for 13 J acres in Hollinworth ; Byron
Chartul. no. 26/59. This Cecily was
the wife of William de Sale ; as is shown
by pleas of 1293-6, when Cecily widow
of William de Sale claimed 6 acres of
pasture against John de Thornham, and
the same (also described as daughter of
Matthew de Hollinworth) claimed a
messuage and J oxgang against Henry de
Ogden; De Banco R. 101, m. 47 d.;
102, m. 6 ; 108, m. 4.

65 William de Sale and Cecily his wife
granted all their land in Hollinworth to
Sir John de Byron and Joan his wife ; and
about the same time John son of John
de Rylands and Cecily his wife made a
grant of the land they had had from
William and Cecily ; Byron Chartul.
no. 35/58, 36/69. In 1298 Cecily widow
of William de Sale, calling herself Cecily
de Hollinworth, released to the Byrons the
2 oxgangs in Hollinworth formerly sold to
them ; no. 21/67.

John de Sale in 1363 released to John
de Scholefield all his title to lands in
Butterworth ; GG, no. 586. Some Sale
family deeds will be found in Raines
MSS. iv, 2-30.

66 Andrew son of Henry son of Wen
and Christiana his wife granted to Sir John
de Byron all that land in Butterworth
called the 'Haly' (? Halgh) which they
held of him ; Byron Chartul. no.
73/208. In 1262 John de Byron estab-
lished his title to 60 acres in Butterworth
against Andrew de Butterworth and Christi-
ana his wife; Final Cone, i, 135. Christiana
daughter of Andrew Cheverell released to
Sir John all her land in Butterworth,
viz. the ' Halet ' ; Byron Chartul. no. 74,
209. Henry son of Thomas de Butter-
worth granted to Sir John de Byron his
lord the land called Little Halgh, formerly

220

held by Andrew del Halgh; Byron Chartul.
no. 76/213.

67 From the Monk Bretton Chartulary
(Lansdowne MS. 405) it appears that
Roger de Notion gave to Monk Bretton
all his lands in Ogden, viz. half the vill,
and that John son of Hugh de Holland
confirmed this ; fol. 44^. Gilbert de
Notion also gave the monks his land in
Ogden, viz., half the vill — probably the
same half ; he also gave William son of
Osbert de Marsden land there which had
formerly been held by Adam son of Award
Birun, at a renl of 41.; fol. 5 3 b. Richard
son of Hugh de Bullerworlh and Alice
his wife afterwards released lo R. (? Regi-
nald) ihe moiely of ihe vill of Ogden,
which Gilbert de Notion had given to
William Gald, father of Alice ; fol. 44^.
Reginald de Ogden released his righls to
the monks, to whom also Baldwin Tyas,
for the health of Margaret his wife, re-
leased his right and the rent of \zd.
formerly paid by Reginald ; fol. 45.

68 Adam le Rus, Prior of Bretlon, granted
to Adam le Sladen (Slaveden) at a rent of
31. the oxgang in Ogden which Gilbert de
Nollon had given to the priory ; ibid. fol.
15^5 Byron Chartul. no. 10/56.

In 1276 Adam de Sladen claimed a
messuage and an oxgang of land in Ogden
against Maud daughter of William Gaddon,
and William son of Richard de Cliff ; De
Banco R. 15, m. 89. Adam gave the
oxgang, &c., to his son Swain ; Byron
Chartul. no. 27/62. Swain granted to
Sir John de Byron a rent of izd. a year
from the oxgang in Ogden in Butterworth
he had had from his father ; and Wagner
son of Adam de Sladen released his right
to the oxgang in Ogden received from his
father, and to half of Quickley ; ibid. no.
71/183,63/49. William, Prior of Monk
Bretlon, in 1292 withdrew his claim
againsl John (de) Byron concerning a
messuage, oxgang of land, and izd. rent
in Ogden, bul John held joinlly wilh his
wife, who was not named in the writ ;
Assize R. 408, m. 60, 71. Adam de
Sladen is called ' Knyttepurs.'

The olher moiely of Ogden seems to
have been obtained by the Byrons from
Germain de Ogden, who in 1296 granled
Sir John de Byron and Joan his wife two-
thirds of an oxgang there, wilh ihe
homage of Adam de Preslwich and ihe
service of zd. due from him ; ibid. no.
'5/53' In ihe same charlulary are some
olher Ogden deeds. By one Geoffrey de
Chetham granted to Adam son of Bibby
(William) and Cecily his wife land in
Ogden purchased by him ; and Adam de
Ogden, with the consent of Cecily his
wife, gave half the land to Richard his son,
and another half to Adam his son ; no.
28/63, 12/64, 11/61. Among the place-
names there occur — Thornyhead, Cold-
greave, Cutfordack brook, Marerede yotl,
Lese clough, and Rosele clough.

In 1626 Abraham Turnough had in his
possession the above-cited deed by Adam
de Slaveden to Swain his son ; Surv. ut
sup. 55. The Turnoughs were succeeded
by Taylors ; Fishwick, op. cit. 384.

U

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

descended regularly from father to son, and in 1889
•was the residence of Dr. John Chadwick.69'70

The names of some other of the more ancient
owners can be obtained from inquisitions71 and
from the Survey of i6z6Ja In this year the com-
mon measured 590 acres stinted and 915 acres
unstinted, and contained two coal mines, very bene-
ficial to the occupiers.73 There was no copyhold
land.

The most considerable landowners in 1787 were
John Entwisle and the Misses Halliwell, but together
they paid less than a fifth of the land tax."

The chapel of ST. JAMES at M UN-
CHURCH ROW was built, it is supposed, about
1497." It was in 1548 seized by the
Crown as a chantry chapel, but purchased by the
inhabitants for 36*. 8</.76 The list of curates is
almost complete from 1590, but there was no
endowment.77 In 1715 the stipend paid was
.£13, partly out of tithes and partly out of
pew rents ; 78 but afterwards some additional endow-
ment was obtained.79 The old chapel, having be-
come ruinous, was abandoned in 1798, and a new
one built, which had to be rebuilt in 1815. It was
taken down when the present church was built in
i86g.so The old chapel bell is now at Hollinworth
school ;81 the sundial, dated 1664, is in the vicarage

garden.82 Entries in the registers begin in 1715.
The district was formed in 1858. The vicar of
Rochdale presents the incumbents, who are styled
vicars. The following is a list of those since
1693:— 8S

1695 James Lawton
oc. 1 696-9 John Halliwell

1699 Thomas Milne, M.A. (Brasenose Coll.

Oxf.)

c. 1702 Peter Ashton, B.A. (Peterhouse, Camb.)
1718 Robert Pearson, B.A. (St. John's Coll.

Camb.)
1739 Joshua Tillotson, M.A. (Emmanuel Coll.

Camb.)
1745 Joseph Sutcliffe, B.A. (St. John's Coll.

Camb.)
1759 Joseph Haigh, B.A. (Magdalene Coll.

Camb.)
1795 John Hutchinson, B.A. (Corpus Christi

Coll. Camb.)
1800 William Hodgson

1832 Francis Robert Raines, M.A. (Lamb.) 84
1878 Howard Augustus Crosbie, M.A. (Trinity

Coll. Camb.) 85
1883 Frank Parkin Wright, M.A. (St. John's

Coll. Camb.)

«9_70 Fishwick, op. cit. 384-5 ; see also
Raines MSS. iii, 93.

71 Roger Holt of Bridge Hall near Bury
in 1 594 held 2 acres in Whit acre in Clegg ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 6.

James Buckley, of Whitfield in Cromp-
ton, by his will of 1627, left his farm at
Ogden to George his younger son ; ibid,
xxvii, no. 51.

Thomas Warburton the elder, Ellen his
wife, and Thomas his son, made settle-
ments of an estate in Butterworth in
1558 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 16,
m. 3 5 ; 1 9, m. 2 3 . Thomas Warburton, who
•died in 1 634 at Stubbins, held messuages in
Little Clegg, Hollinworth, and Butter-
-worth ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxx,
no. 93.

Ottiwell Greave died in April 1627,
holding messuages and lands in Butter-
worth of the heir of Geoffrey de Butter-
worth by the rent of a ginger-root ; James
his son and heir, was thirty-six years of
age ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 1 3, p. 460.

Ralph Taylor, who died in 1631, held
a messuage and land of the Earl of Derby
as of his manor of Much Woolton, lately
belonging to the dissolved Hospital of St.
John ; Robert his son and heir was over
forty in 1635 ; ibid. 1182 ; see also Fish-
wick, op. cit. 338.

A number of fines are extant relating
to the holding of the Collinge family ;
•e.g. Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 2, m. 78 ;
53, m. 29 ; 56, m. 92. In the I7th cen-
tury a family of this name held a moiety
.of Birchinley; Fishwick, Rochdale, 369—70.

7a Robert Holt had 109 acres in Clegg
by grant of Gerard Scholefield to his
father, John Holt of Stubley. Jordan
•Chadwick produced a charter of 1294 by
.Richard son of Hugh de Belfield to
Henry his brother, as his title to 45 acres.
William Butterworth, ' the rich butcher,'
held 34 acres formerly the Hospitallers'
land ; and Robert Taylor had 33 acres,
also the Hospitallers'.

78 Surv. ut sup. 58.

7-1 Land-tax returns at Preston.

?5 There is a good account in Fish-

wick's Rochdale, 202—15, from which the
details in the text are in the main taken.

In 1497 Edward Butterworth the elder
conveyed to his son Robert and others a
plot of land called Gooseholme, in Bel-
grene, close to which plot, or upon it, the
chapel was built ; Fishwick, quoting the
original deed in the church chest. In
1514 a house 'near the chapel of St.
James the Apostle ' was given to John
Clegg, the chaplain, for life that he might
say mass for the donor, Edward Butter-
worth, and his parents ; ibid.

In 1521 Robert Butterworth of Clegg,
son and heir of Richard Butterworth of
the Holt and grandson of the said Edward,
gave Gooseholme and Halgh Green to
feoffees to fulfil his grandfather's will ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 645.

In some later proceedings it was alleged
that the chapel had been built on the
waste by the inhabitants generally ; Fish-
wick, op. cit. 204, quoting Duchy Plead.
Eliz. xxii, B, 12, iza.

7* Buckley D. in Add. MS. 32107,
no. 408 ; but 1 31. 4</. is the price in Raines,
Chantries (Chet. Soc.), ii, 277 ; a chalice
was taken away by the commissioners ;
ibid, ii, 269. In 1552 Henry Ferror was
the priest ; there were only a chalice and
vestment in the chapel ; Ch. Gds.
(Chet. Soc.), 49. Henry Ferror occurs in
the lists of clergy from 1541 to 1565 ;
in the latter year he was ' decrepit.'

77 The minister in Elizabeth's time was
paid chiefly by the contributions of the
people, but the Archbishop of Canterbury
as rector allowed him 401. out of the
tithes ; Fishwick, op. cit. 203-4.

About 1610 Milnrow Chapel was sup-
ported by the inhabitants; Hist. MSS.Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 12. In 1650 the Parlia-
mentary Commissioners reported that Sir
John Byron, as farmer of the tithes, had
been accustomed to pay £4 los. a year to
the minister ; out of the sequestrated
tithes an additional £50 had been allowed ;
Commoniv. Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 2 1 ; Plund. Mint. Accts. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 38, 90 ; ii, 290.

221

It was recommended that a parish be
formed for it.

78 Gastrell, Notitia (Chet. Soc.), ii, 139;
from the tidies £3 6s. 8<£, from seats
^8 1 8i. 6d., and from the loft or gallery,
£i 8*. 4</. There were no surplice fees,
and the contributions were small. There
were two chapel wardens and an assistant,
chosen by the curate and vestry.

79 Samuel Chetham (of Castleton) in
1717 gave ,£200 ; ibid, ii, 142.

80 Fishwick, op. cit. 205-6 ; a view of
the building in 1772 is given ; ibid. 202.

81 Ibid. 206 ; the date is 1654.

82 Ibid. 207.

83 The church papers at Chester Dioc.
Reg. begin in 1693. The list is taken in
great part from Fishwick, op. cit., where
some earlier curates' names will be found;
they do not appear to have stayed more
than a year or two in most cases. John
Pollett, who was there from 1647 to 1657,
was in 1650 described as 'godly, orthodox,
and well qualified,' but appears to have
been a Royalist in sympathies; see W. A.
Shaw, Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), 250 ;
Commoniv. Ch. Surv. 21. James Hulme
was curate in 1671 ; Visitation list.

84 He was born at Whitby in 1805 and
apprenticed to a surgeon, but afterwards
went to St. Bees College and was ordained
in 1828. He died at Scarborough 17 Oct.
1878. He was one of the founders of
the Chetham Society, and contributed to
it some of its most important publica-
tions, as the editions of Gastrell's Notitia,
the Lanes. Chantries and Stanley Papers ;
he was elected F.S.A. in 1843, and received
the degree of M.A. from the Archbishop
of Canterbury in 1845, Hon. Canon of
Manchester in 1849. He was also zealous
as a parochial clergyman. He bequeathed
his manuscript collections, forty-four
volumes and miscellaneous deeds, to the
Chetham Library. There is a monument
to him at Milnrow; see Diet. Nat. Biog.\
Fishwick, Rochdale, 214 ; and Sir H. H.
Howorth's Introd. to Vicars of Rochdale.
(Chet. Soc.).

85 Vicarof Trumpington, 1885.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

A school was founded in 1726.** From 1739 till
his death in 1786 the master was the celebrated John
Collier, known as ' Tim Bobbin,' author of A View
of the Lancashire Dialect?1

There are several modern churches in the township.
In connexion with the Church of England, St. Thomas's,
Newhey, was built in 1876 ;w the Bishop of Man-
chester is patron. There are Wesleyan, Primitive and
Free Methodist chapels at Belfield, Milnrow, and
Newhey, and a Baptist chapel at Ogden. There is
also a Congregational chapel at Milnrow.89

HUNDERSFIELD

Hunnordesfeld, 1202; Hunewrthefeld, 1235;
Humfridesfeld, Hunneswurthefeld, Hunwurthfeld,
1246; Hunresfeld, Hunderesfeld, 1301 ; Hunrettes-
feld, Hunrisfeld, I 306 ; Honersfeld, 1338; Honores-
feld, 1361.

Wirdehill, Wordehill, 1324.

Todmerdene, 1304.

This ancient township, divided from Spotland by
the summit of the high land to the west, occupies the
upper part of the Roch valley and also takes in the
southerly side of the Calder valley above Todmorden ;
it has a total area of 16,077 acres. On the east it is
bounded by Blackstone Edge and other hills dividing
Lancashire from Yorkshire.

It was later divided into four townships ;

WARDLEWORTH, a triangular township to the
north of Rochdale, having an area of 766 acres. The
surface slopes gradually from about 700 ft. on the
northern border to less than 400 ft. on the southern.

WUERDLE and WARDLE, to the north of
Wardleworth, situate in a broad valley between the
higher lands on north, west, and east. It has an area of
3,523 acres, Wuerdle having 987, and Wardle 2,536.

BLATCHINWORTH and CALDERBROOK, to
the east of the last-named township, has an area of
4,781 acres, of which Blatchinworth has 2,221. It
occupies the Roch Valley, the hills rising to 1,200 ft.
on the west, and 1,550 ft. on the east. It contains
the ancient chapelry of Littleborough, a growing town
situated in a rich valley.

TODMORDEN and WALSDEN occupies the

northern slope of the hills, as the surface descends to
the Calder. The scenery is fine.1 It has an area of
7,007 acres, the respective hamlets having 2,954^ and
4,05 2 J. Todmorden has long been a chapelry.

The principal road is that from Rochdale north-
east and north through Littleborough and Todmorden,
and thence north-west to Burnley. Over Blackstone
Edge is an ancient road into Yorkshire.1 By the side
of the Todmorden road almost all the way are the
Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway, and the
Rochdale canal. The railway has a tunnel known as
Summit tunnel, over a mile and a half long, under
the highest part of the hills ; there are stations at
Smithy Bridge, Littleborough, Walsden, and Todmor-
den ; also one at Portsmouth on the Burnley branch.
The same company's line from Rochdale to Bacup
crosses Wardleworth, and has a station so named. A
large reservoir in Ramsden valley, Walsden, belongs to
the Corporation of Rochdale.

At Wardle an agricultural show was established
as early as 1839.*

There are remains of ancient iron works in Walsden.
Mines and forges are known to have existed in 1235.*

Among the celebrities of the district are David
Crossley, a Baptist minister, born near Todmorden in
1670 (d. 1744) ; and James Leach, a musical com-
poser, who was born at Wardle in 1762, and died at
Salford in 1798.*

The local board district of Wuerdle and Wardle
was formed in 1874 ;6 the board had five members.
In 1 894 the new township of Wardle was constituted ;
the urban council has nine members. At Little-
borough, likewise, a local board of nine members, con-
stituted in i87O,7 has been, since 1894, an urban
council of twelve members elected by four wards, the
district being formed into an independent township.
At Littleborough is a Carnegie free library.

WUERDLE AND WARDLE

In Wardle the principal manor-house

MANORS was STUBLET, the seat of the Holt

family,8 who, as already shown, acquired

a sixth portion of the manor of Rochdale about 1 3 5 3-9

The early history of the family is obscure,10 but Thomas

86 End. Char. Rep. 1 904, p. i o.

8? He was son of John Collier, curate
of Eccles, and was baptized at Flixton ;
he was in youth apprenticed to a weaver,
but afterwards became usher at Milnrow,
succeeding to the mastership. He died at
Milnrow on 14 July 1786, and was buried
at Rochdale ; see Diet. Nat. Biog. ; Fish-
wick, Lanes. Lib. 248, &c., and Rochdale,
280.

88 Land. Gaz. 4 Apr. and 5 May 1876,
for district and endowment.

89 A chapel, erected for the Countess
of Huntingdon's Connexion, was purchased
in 1867 ; Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,

253-

1 The valley has been named the
' Happy Valley ' ; Munch. Guard. N. and Q.
no. 463. At Inchfield a height of nearly
1, 500 ft. is attained.

2 In 1291 a toll was allowed to Hugh
de Eland and Richard de Radcliffe, who
undertook to repair the causeway ; Cal.
Pat. 1281-92, p. 440. An Act for improv-
ing the road over Blackstone Edge was
passed in 1735 ; 8 Geo. II, cap. 7.

8 Fishwick, Rochdale, 103.

4 See Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 69 ; Fishwick, op. cit. 112.

5 Notices of them are in Diet. Nat. Biog.

6 Land. Gaz. 10 July 1874. The dis-
trict was extended to include part of Rut-
terworth in 1879 by 42 & 43 Viet. cap.
86. Part of the township was added to
Rochdale in 1872 ; 35 & 36 Viet. cap. 49.

7 Land. Gaz. 17 May 1870. As in the
case of Wuerdle and Wardle, the district
was extended in 1879.

8 Before the Holts acquired it a Stubley
family is supposed to have held it ; see
Raines in Notitia Cettr, ii, 136 ; Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 423.

* See above, and Assize R. 435, m.
18 d. 8.

10 A John de Holt of Colne, and an-
other of Read contributed to the subsidy
of 1 3 32 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 85, 86. John son of Hugh del
Holt, and Geoffrey del Holt are named
in 1333 ; Cal. Pat. 1330-4, p. 498.

Geoffrey son of John del Holt in 1345
purchased lands in Bury which seem after-
wards to have been called the ' manor ' of
Chesham ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes.

222

and Ches.), ii, 121. John del Holt of
Salfordshire and his sons Geoffrey
and Roger were among the defen-
dants in the Pilkingtons' claim for the
manor of Bury at Michaelmas 1351 ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 7. John
and his son Roger appear in the claim to
lands in Tottington in December 1355 ;
ibid. R. 4, m. 28 d. John del Holt the elder
was a defendant in a Hundersfield and Spot-
land suit in July 1357 ; ibid. R. 6, m. 8.

Geoffrey son of John del Holt acquired
land in Stakehill and Gooden in 1330
and 1357; Agecroft D. no. 336, 338.
In 1353, as already stated, he pur-
chased the Lacy of Cromwellbottom share
of Rochdale. He was killed at Spotland
in 1372, John son of John de Ainsworth
and others shooting him with arrows ;
Coram Rege R. 449, Rex m.i. His brother,
Hugh del Holt, about the same time ac-
quired Ashworth.

Robert son of Geoffrey del Holt in 1 388
made a settlement of his messuages and
lands in Hundersfield, Castleton, Spotland,
Middleton, Bury, and Heaton Norris ;
Final Cone, iii, 3 1, and Duchy of Lane. Inq.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

HOLT of Stubley.
Argent on a bend en-
grailed table three Jleurs
de lit ofthtfitld.

Holt, who died in 1494, held five messuages, 60 acres
of land, &c., called Little Wardle, of the king as Duke
of Lancaster, by knight's ser-
vice and the rent of \\d.\
and fifteen messuages, 60 acres
of land, &c., in Hundersfield
of the king by knight's ser-
vice ; also lands, &c., in Spot-
land and Butterworth, by
knight's service and a rent of
5/. 6</. He left a son and
heir Robert, thirteen years
of age, whose wardship was
gra.nted to James Stanley,
clerk." Robert Holt added
to the estates by the purchase
of Castleton, part of the con-
fiscated Whalley lands, and died in December 1554
h/olding the manors of Hundersfield, Spotland, and
Castleton, with eighty messuages, three water-mills,
four fulling-mills, and land, &c., in Hundersfield, Spot-
land, Bury, Castleton, Butterworth, Middleton, and
/Tottington ; the manors of Hundersfield and Spotland,
j and other lands there being held of the king and queen
by the fortieth part of a knight's fee and the rent of z6s.
In 1 5 44 he had made settlements in favour of his nephew
Robert Holt the younger and Cecily his wife.13 The
younger Robert succeeded, but died in November
1556, his heir being another Robert, son of William
Holt of Whitwell, aged fifty years.13 This third Robert
died in 1561 holding the same manors, and leaving a
son Charles as heir.14

Charles Holt married Mary, one of the sisters and
co-heirs of the Robert Holt who died in 1556," and
died in 1592, leaving a son and heir John, fifteen

years of age, already married to Winifred daughter of
Richard Assheton of Middleton.16 The estates and
tenures appear to have remained without alteration.
John Holt17 died in 1622, leaving, by a second
marriage, a son and heir Robert, twenty years of
age,18 who was in possession when the Survey of 1626
was made.19 About this time Stubley was abandoned
for Castleton, which became the chief seat of the
family.80

STUBLET OLD HALL stands on the south side of
the road between Rochdale and Littleborough about
three-quarters of a mile from the latter place, and is an
interesting two-story house consisting of three wings
built roflnd three sides of a court which is open on the
east. The principal front of the house faces west, but
whether the present disposition of the building is the
original one is uncertain, as a good deal of reconstruc-
tion and alteration has taken place of which no record
seems to have been kept. Stubley Hall is usually said
to have been rebuilt by Robert Holt, c. 1529, but
what kind of house stood here before that date is quite
conjectural, and the assumption that in the year named
Holt rebuilt a timber-framed house in stone and brick
seems to be based on no sufficient authority.11 The
present building is partly timber-framed filled in with
brick, and faced on the west side with stone, but the
stone and brickwork appears to be much later than
1529, and probably what Holt did was to build a
house of timber at that date which assumed its present
appearance in the course of the next century.

The plan of the building follows in some respects
the H type, but with the wings projecting very
slightly in front and very considerably at the back,
giving it more the appearance of a quadrangular build-
ing with the fourth side missing. There seems to be

p.m. xi, no. 15. The remainders were to
-John de Holt, younger brother of Robert,
to James de Holt, and others, including
iithe Holts of Ashworth.
I John del Holt of Chesham died in 1 386,
'leaving a grandson and heir Robert (son of
'.Geoffrey), then sixteen years of age, who
nharried Margaret daughter of Richard de
(Holland, and was still in possession in
1^434-5, when inquiry was ordered ; Dep.
IjCeeper' s Rep. xxxiii, App. 34, 35, 36. The
Uands were in Kershaw, Little Wardle,
/Hundersfield, Spotland, and Butterworth ;
i Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 330. The Robert grand-
son of John may well be the Robert son of
Geoffrey of the preceding fine ; but as a
Geoffrey son of John appears as early as
1330 there were probably two of the name.
During the I5th century the descent
is obscure. James Holt, one of the
justices of the peace, complained in 1429
that a number of persons had broken his
close at Castleton ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
2, m. i, 4, 6i>.

Christopher and Geoffrey del Holt were
tenants of Tottington in 1443 ; W.
Farrer, Clitberoe Ct. R. 507. James son
of Ralph Holt of Bury had a dispute with
Richard son of Christopher Holt of Hun-
dersfield in 1465 ; Pal. of Lane. Writs
Proton, file 6 Edw IV, b.

According to the pedigree of 1664 the
succession was : John — i. Geoffrey — s.
Robert — s. Christopher — s. Thomas ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 151.

11 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 46.

12 Ibid, x, no. 48 ; there was a remain-
der to Alan Holt, younger brother of
Robert Holt the elder.

Robert Holt's will is printed in Pic-
cope's Wills (Chet. Soc.), ii, 14-16.

In 1533 the herald recorded the arms
of the family, but ' Robert Holt of Stubley
married an old woman by whom he had
no issue, and therefore he would not have
her name entered* ; Visit, of 1533 (Chet.
Soc.), 47.

The rent of 261. would include the zos.
due for the sixth part of the manor of
Rochdale.

18 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m, x, no. 7.
Alan Holt must have died without male
issue, as William Holt of Whitwell was
next in remainder. Robert Holt made a
feoffment of the third part of all his mes-
suages, &c., in Stubley, Hundersfield,
Naden, Spotland, Chesham, Bury, Middle-
ton, Butterworth, and Castleton, for the
benefit of his wife Cecily, and to provide
for the portions of his daughters Alice
(wife of John son of Thomas Greenhalgh),
Agnes, Mary, Elizabeth, and Dorothy.

The will of Robert Holt (1556) is
printed in Piccope's Wills, ii, 87-90.

Whitwell, or Whitwall, is in Walmers-
ley, near Bury.

14 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 15. In
the pedigree above quoted William, the fa-
ther of Robert, is called son of John, younger
brother of Christopher. The fine of 1388
is referred to in this inquisition. For Robert
Holt's will see Piccope's Wills, ii, 171-4.

15 See the erroneous pedigree recorded
in 1567; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 13.

16 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 5 5 ;
Charles Holt had just before his death
settled his estates on his son John, with
remainder to his own brother Francis and
his uncle Charles.

223

John Holt, in conjunction with Henry
Tonge and Mary his wife, made a settle-
ment of the manors of Naden, Chesham,
&c., in 1 60 1 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 63, m. 177.

J7 A pedigree was recorded in 1613
(Visit. Chet. Soc. 91), when John's wife
was Dorothy Bannstre.

18 Lanct. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 334-8.

19 Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxi, 89 ;
the area is given as 117 acres. Robert
Holt also had ' True Love Hustead '
under a charter to Geoffrey Holt, dated
1470; a rent of nd, was payable ; ibid.
83. Also further lands in Little
Wardle ; ibid. 95, 98. A moiety of
Little Wardle had belonged to Whalley
Abbey, having been granted by Henry
son of Peter, son of Orm de Wardle ; a
rent of izd, was due to the chief lord of
Liversedge ; Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.),
i, 156, 157 ; see also iii, 783. A feoffment
of messuages, &c., in Little Wardle was
made by Charles Holt in 1571 ; PaL of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33, m. 10.

20 Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 126.
Robert Holt acquired the manor of Mar-
land from the Radcliffes of Langley.

21 'This house appears to have been
built in the reign of Henry VIII by Robert
Holt Esq. and ... is the first specimen
within the compass of our work of a stone
or brick house with a centre and two wings
only.' Whitaker, Hist, of Whalley (3rd
ed. 1818), 453. Later he says : 'The first
instance of an entire hall-house of brick
and stone is Stubley near Rochdale, un-
questionably of that period ' (i.e. Henry
VIII).

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

no evidence that the quadrangular plan ever obtained,
although the house is said to have formerly been larger
than at present. The west or central wing contained
the hall, and the kitchen and offices appear to have
been to the north; but, the house being now divided
into several dwellings and parts used for other purposes,
the original distinctions and arrangements are lost.
The timber construction of the west and north wings
is, however, still visible on the outside at the back, the
oak posts showing in the walls, and in the interior the
old roof of the hall can be seen in the upper rooms of
the west wing. The hall would be about 36 ft. long
by 23ft. wide, but is now divided into two rooms,
one of which, belonging to a cottage, retains its tall
I yth-century stone-mullioned six-light window ; but
the other, being the dining-room of a residence which
occupies the whole of the south portion of the house,
has been modernized. In 1626 Stubley Hall was
described as 'an ancient mansion with stables, barns,
dovecotes, and water-mill,' " but whether the present
stone and brick fronts were then in existence does not
appear. The whole of the west front, including the
gable ends of the north and south wings, is faced in
stone, and all the roofs have stone slates. The north
wing being wider than the south has a loftier and
wider gable, which retains, along with the north end
of the hall, its original six-light mullioned windows,
some of which still keep their thick leaded diamond
quarries. The whole of the south end of the front
has been modernized, new windows having been in-
serted, and the place of the former great double tran-
somed window to the hall, which went up to the eaves,
is taken by two smaller windows necessitated by the
introduction of a floor in the hall. The gables are
plain without coping. The rest of the exterior is
faced with hand-made 2 J in. bricks which have gone
a good colour, the walling at the back being a filling
in between the oak posts of the old principals. The
north wing has two fine stone chimneys set in the
inner angles of two further projecting short wings
on that side, one of the chimneys being no doubt that
to the kitchen, but in the present altered condition of
the building the original arrangement cannot easily be
traced. At the back (east side) the north wing pro-
jects 37 ft., and the south wing only 30 ft., besides
being lower and narrower, but a later addition has
been recently built against it on the north side,
increasing its width. The south side of the south
wing is built of brick on a stone base, but the evidence
of the walling suggests that the whole of this end of
the building has been reconstructed and may formerly
have been much larger. There was originally a domes-
tic chapel in Stubley Hall, and this is likely to have
been situated at the east end of the south wing, though
its position is now lost. Writing at the end of the
1 8th century the Rev. T. D. Whitaker stated that the

house then contained ' much carving in wood, par-
ticularly a rich and beautiful screen betwixt the hali
and parlour, with a number of crests, cyphers, and
cognizances belonging to the Holts and other neigh-
bouring families.' These, however, have now all dis-
appeared, and the interior of the building has little
architectural interest. In the will of Robert Holt,
who died in 1561, is an inventory of goods at Sf.ubley
Hall in which the following rooms and places are
mentioned : —

The great chamber.

My lord's chamber.

The Chappel chamber.

The inner chamber.

The new parlour.

The closet.

The hall.

The inner parlour.

The old parlour.

Sr Myghell's chamber.

The chamber without.

* Syling timber ' is also twice referred to.

Robert Holt, at the outbreak of the Civil War,
under the influence of the Earl of Derby, joined the
king's forces, and appears to have served in North
Wales ; in 1 64.5 he surrendered, took the National
Covenant and Negative Oath, and compounded, his-
fine being £1,150." A pedigree was recorded in
1664." Robert died in 1673, leaving a younger son
James to succeed him,*6 and James died in 17 12,
when his four daughters became co-heirs. They were :
Frances wife of James Winstanley ; Elizabeth wife of
William Cavendish ; Isabella wife of Delaval Button
and afterwards of Sir William Parsons ; and Mary
wife of Samuel Chetham of Turton. The last-named
purchased the portions of the other three sisters, as
well as the widow's jointure, and thus acquired the/
whole estate. He improved Castleton Hall, which'
became the most important house in the parish, and
died in 1744 without issue, having made his brother
Humphrey his heir. j

By the dispositions of Humphrey Chetham, wh«
died also without issue in 1749, ^e Castleton estate)
were to go to cousins — Edward Chetham of Nut\
hurst, and James Chetham of Smedley, both of whom ;
died unmarried — with remainder to James Winstan- 1
ley, eldest son of the above-mentioned James and '
Frances. They thus came into the possession of the
Winstanleys, but have been sold. About 1850
Castleton Hall was purchased by James Schofield of
Heybrook.*8

Part of HA WORTH, now spelt Howarth, was
given to Stanlaw Abbey.*7 The place gave a sur-
name to its possessors ; *8 the last of the family was Dr.
Radcliffe Howarth, who died in 1768. The estate

22 Survey of 1626, quoted in Fishwick' s
Rochdale.

38 Roy. Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), iii, 257. A will of Robert
Holt's, made In 1654, is among the Clowes
D. 25.

24 Dugdale, Visit. 151.

25 James Holt in 1 677 made a settlement
of his manors of Naden and Chesham and
lands in Hundersfield, &c. ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 198, m. 92.

26 The later descents have been taken
from Fishwick, Rochdale, where a full
account maybe seen (pp. 427-9, 308-10).

For the Chethams of Turton and Castle-
ton see E. Axon's Chetham Gen. (Chet.
Soc. new ser.), 53-4, 63. Among the
Clowes D. is a copy of Humphrey
Chetham' s will.

27 Two oxgangs in Haworth were part
of the grant by Henry de Wardle re-
corded in a previous note ; see Whalley
Coucher, i, 157-8. The abbey also
received land called Cho in Wardle from
Award son of Swain de Wardle, and
Swain son of Ailsi de Salesbury confirmed
this grant by his freeman Award ; ibid.
i, 159-60.

224.

28 See Fishwick, op. 011.413-22, where
there is a pedigree. Abstracts of the
Haworth or Howorth D. are transcribed
in Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xi, 2-112.
A share in the two oxgangs in Haworth
was granted to the monks of Stanlaw, a
rent of 2s. being payable to the chief
lord; ff 'bailey Coucber, i, 156. Many
members of the family are named in the
charters in the same work. The foul life
of Thomas Haworth, who died about
1460, led to the censures of the Church
and to doubts about the succession, but a
son Edmund acquired the estate. Thomas

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

was then sold to the Entwisles of Foxholes, who also
acquired the estate called Little Howarth.29 HAMER

HOWARTH of Ho-
warth. Azure a bend
between two harts' heads
couptd or.

HAMER of Hamer.
Sable a bend or between
two lions rampant ar-
gent.

likewise gave a surname to a wide-spreading family.*0
Hamer Hall, a large red brick 18th-century build-
ing, was pulled down in 1908. Dearnley," Hades,"

Marled Earth,53 Crook,34 and Shaw ss are other estates

in Wardle of some interest.

Rodes in Wardle belonged to the Hospitallers.86
In 1626 the common lands in Wardle were

reckoned at 880 acres.37 There were also 358 acres

of copyhold.

The principal landowners in 1788 were Messrs.

Entwisle and Sedgwick, who together contributed a

fourth part of the land tax.88

WARDLEWORTH

In Wardleworth the principal estate appears to
have been BUCKLET. It was owned by a family or
families surnamed after it.39 A Geoffrey de Buck-
ley, living about 1 300, made various grants 40 of
Buckley and other lands in Hundersfield, and in
1309 surrendered to Adam son of Richard son of
John de Hulton and Christiana his wife, the daughter

son of William Haworth, and Hugh and
Edmund his sons, are mentioned in the
Plea Rolls of 1444-8 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea
R. 8, m. 9 ; 12, m. 236, 3, 296.

Edmund Haworth died in 1554-5 hold-
ing ten messuages, &c., in Hundersfield
of Sir Henry Savile in socage, by a rent of
51. I od. ; also an acre of the king and
queen in socage. His heir was his grand-
son Robert (son of Robert), aged twenty-
three years ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
x, no. 6. Soon afterwards James and
Arthur Haworth acquired a message in
Hundersfield from Robert Haworth ;
Margaret Haworth, widow, is mentioned
in the fine ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
16, m. 89. Robert Haworth occurs
among the freeholders in 1580; ibid,
bdle. 42, m. 72. His son Edmund re-
corded a pedigree in 1613 ; Visit. (Chet.
Soc.), 3.

In 1626 Robert Haworth son of Ed-
mund held 299 acres, paying a rent of
51. lod. to the Savile representatives, and
6d. to the king ; Surv. in Raines MSS.
xxi, 90. His father Edmund had died
the year before, holding Haworth Hall,
&c., the acre called Birchamhead in Hun-
dersfield, lands called Gooseholme, Arthur-
gapp, and Holcroft in Rochdale, and
messuages in Boochey ; also Clegg Hall,
&c., in Butterworth. Robert died in 1639
at Haworth, leaving a son and heir of the
same name, three years old ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 66. The
estate, however, passed to Robert's bro-
ther, Theophilus Haworth, M.D., who
recorded a short pedigree in 1664, he
being then fifty and his son Henry
eleven years of age ; Dugdale, fish. 156.
Henry's sons Henry and RadclifTe died
unmarried in 1764 and 1768 respectively;
Fish wick, op. cit. 421.

29 See Fishwick, op. cit 419. William
Butterworth held 48 acres in 1626, pay-
ing a rent of I4</. to Holt ; Surv. ut sup.
91.

80 See Fishwick, op. cit. 395-407, with
pedigrees.

The will of Henry Hamer of Hamer,
1573, is printed in Piccope's Wills, ii,
204-5 ; he mentions his sons Giles and
Ellis, and bequeathed money for the
repair of Hamer Mill Bridge and Hey-
brook Bridge. Ellis Hamer had sons
Edmund and Samuel ; Fishwick, loc. cit.

Edmund Hamer of Hamer Hall died in
1598 holding messuages, water-mill, &c.;
his son and heir Samuel was only three

years of age. A fourth part of the estate
was held of John Holt (a minor in the
queen's custody) by the fortieth part of a
knight's fee and a rent of J\d. ; the re-
mainder of Sir John Byron by the twen-
tieth part of a knight's fee and a rent of
22</. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no.
17. Samuel Hamer was in possession in
1626; Surv. ut sup. 83. In 1631 he
paid ^lofor declining knighthood ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 216. The
estate remained in the Hamer family till
1810, when it was sold to the Entwisles ;
Fishwick, op. cit. 400.

In 1626 Ralph Hamer, grandson of
Ralph, held 30 acres in Wardle, paying a
rent of ifyd. to Savile ; Surv. ut sup. 91.

81 The surname occurs in the I4th
century ; thus Roger de Dearnley contri-
buted to the subsidy of 1332 ; Exch. Lay
Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 34.
At Michaelmas 1351 Richard son of
William de Bury did not prosecute his
suit against John del Dearnley and others
respecting a tenement in Hundersfield ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. i, m. 5 d. In
1360 Adam de Dearnley was a plaintiff,
John de Dearnley being one of his
pledges; ibid. R. 8, m. 4d. ; see also £><•/>.
Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 342.

In 1400 it was stated that Henry de
Dearnley had been outlawed in 1372 at
the suit of Henry de Haworth for trespass,
and that his land in Hundersfield had
passed into the hands of the Ashton family;
Pal. of Lane. Misc. 1/9, m. 87-8 ; Dtp.
Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 536.

Sir John de Ashton held land in Wardle
in 1429 of James de Buckley, by a rent of
I*. 2</.; Lane. Inj. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 22.
A later Sir John, 1507, held of Thomas
Buckley by the same rent ; ibid, ii, 138.
Sir Thomas Ashton of Ashton died in
1514 holding lands in Hundersfield of the
heirs of James de Buckley in socage ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 80.

In 1444 Roger Whitehead and Mar-
garet his wife, together with Ellen
Dearnley, recovered a moiety of two mes-
suages, 40 acres of land, &c., in Hunders-
field and Spotland, which Roger Dearnley
had given to John Dearnley and his issue,
and which after the death of John's son
Geoffrey should descend to Margaret and
Ellen, daughters of Geoffrey ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 6, m. 12. The same plain-
tiffs claimed the other moiety against Alex-
ander son of Roger Butterworth ; he replied
that there was another daughter of Geof-

225

frey, viz. Mary, still living at Newcastle
on Tyne, but they said she had died at
Chadderton in 1442 ; ibid. m. izb. The
estate was claimed as late as 1580 by a
Roger Dearnley against Arthur White-
head ; see Fishwick, op. cit. 422 (quoting
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Eliz. Ixxxi, D. 7).
There are a number of fines respecting
Arthur Whitehead's estate. He was in
1589 joined with Edmund his son and
heir apparent respecting eight messuages,
&c., in Hundersfield ; PaL of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 51, m. 178. Edmund White-
head held 45 acres in Wardle in 1626 ;
Surv. ut sup. 95. This was no doubt the
son of Edmund Whitehead who died in
1621 holding a messuage in ' Hastinges*
in Hundersfield of the king as of his
manor of Rochdale by a rent of id. ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 254.

82 James Fielden of the Hades occurs
in 1626 ; Surv. ut sup. 96. See Fish-
wick, op. cit. 431.

83 Ibid. 429-31.

84 John Butterworth of Turnagh held
the Crook in 1626; Surv. ut sup. 98.
The Butterworths of Belfield, however,
seem to have had most of the land ; see
Fishwick, op. cit. 433-35. Edward
Butterworth of Belfield in 1626 held 120
acres called Starring, paying 2 id. to Savile
and 6d. to Holt ; also 225 acres called
the Steed ; Surv. 89, 95.

85 In early times it appears to have given
a surname to its owners; cf. Michael de la
Shaw in the Buckley charters below. Alex-
ander Scholefield held it in 1626; Surv. 91.
See the account of Tong End in Spot-
land.

86 Two messuages &c. there were about
1 540 held by the heir of Richard Butter-
worth, by a rent of i id. ; Kuerden MSS.
v, fol. 84.

8? Manor Surv. 102.

88 Land Tax Ret. at Preston.

89 Geoffrey de Buckley made a grant to
Stanlaw Abbey early in the 1 3th century ;
he speaks of Geoffrey, Dean of Whalley,
as his patron ; Whalley Couch, i, 142.
Robert the brother of Geoffrey also
occurs ; ibid, ii, 608. A Geoffrey de
Buckley is styled 'dominus' about 1260 ;
ibid, ii, 609. About 1270 Geoffrey son of
Geoffrey de Buckley was one of the men
of Nicholas son of Michael de Wardle ;
ibid, i, 157.

40 Abstracts of the charters are con-
tained in Add. MS. 32107, no. 396, &c.

29

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

of Geoffrey, his manor of
Hundersfield.41 Adam appears
to have taken the surname
of Buckley, and his son John,
living in 1 392," was succeeded
by Robert his son,43 and the
descent of the estate is fairly
clear 44 down to Edward Buck-
ley, who in 1786 sold it to
Robert Entwisle of Foxholes,

f /tfLrryjK \

41 Add. MS. 32107 no. 432 ;
Geoffrey de Buckley to Randle
son of Henry de Stott, part of
Middled iff at a rent of \fyd, ; Robert de
Buckley was a witness, so that this deed
may be one of the earlier Geoffrey's. In
1281 Geoffrey gave to Adam de Hulton
for life all his lands in Buckley, together
with an eighth part of the mill, at a rent
of i mark ; no. 464. In 1296 he gave a
third part of three-fourths of Buckley mill
to Michael de la Shaw ; no. 443, 422.
The grants to Adam de Hulton (no. 436,
461, 434) included the services of Henry
de Haworth, John de Holden, Michael de
la Shaw, and Alexander de Henesnape, for
lands in Hundersfield and Castleton.

Adam de Hulton received other grants,
as of Woldurth or Worldesworth, the mill,
&c. 5 see ibid. no. 448, 446, 447, 459,
445, 427, 425-

43 John son of Adam de Buckley, at
early as 1335, released to his brother
Robert all claim on the latter's tenement
in the hamlet of Wardle in the vill of
Hundersfield; ibid. no. 421. A tripartite
agreement was made in 1369 between (i)
Geoffrey de Buckley, (2) John de Buckley
and others, and (3) John the son of
Geoffrey, who was a minor, concerning
the release of the last-named from all
claims arising out of the death of Thomas
son of William de Butterworth ; no. 440.
Robert son of Adam de Buckley in 1373
made a grant of lands in Butterworth ;
John de Buckley was a witness ; Towne-
Jey MS. GG, no. 565. In 1392 John son
of Adam de Buckley gave lands to his son
Thomas; Add. MS. 32107, no. 460.
Thomas son of John gave a quittance to
.Robert his brother (no. 439) ; Robert de
Buckley the elder was a witness. From
another charter it appears that Robert was
ihe elder brother ; no. 473.

48 In 1393 the same Thomas de Buckley
enfeoffed Roger de Clegg, chaplain, of all
his lands in Hundersfield, and four years
later the feoffee gave them to Robert son
of John de Buckley ; no. 449, 396. About
the same time Robert made a settlement
of Buckley and its appurtenances, w'th
remainder to John his son and his issue
by Alice daughter of Roger de Wolfenden,
and a further remainder to Robert de
Buckley ; no. 444. Geoffrey de Buckley
was a witness. See also no. 430-1
(1401-3).

Thomas de Buckley had a son Robert ;
no. 452, 423.

After the death of Robert de Buckley
his widow Alice married Henry de Dearn-
ley, an outlaw, whereupon the escheator
took the estate into the king's hands, or,
at least, the widow's third part. Alice
died in Sept. 1423, and John de Buckley,
son of Robert, in Oct. 1429, leaving a son
and heir James ; ibid. no. 496 ; Towneley
MS. DD, no. 1483 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xl, App. 536. The lands were held of
Sir Thomas Savile in socage.

In 1421 licence was granted to Randle
de Buckley and Katherine his wife for

BUCKLEY of Buckley.
Sable a che-veron be-
tween three built' headt
tabossed argent.

whose descendants have retained it.4i Fieldhouse,
part of the Buckley lands,4Sa was the scene of a
great demonstration in 1447, hostile, it would seem,
to Ralph Holt. Some sixty persons, led by Richard
and Geoffrey Belfield and Gilbert Butterworth,
marched to the place and fixed their white ban-
ner there 'with much noise and blowing of
horns.'44"

FOXHOLES itself appears to have been originally
part of the Buckley estate,46 but early in the i6th

an oratory ; Add.
MS. 32107, no.
442.

44 In 1460 James son and heir of John
Buckley made a feoffment of all his lands
in Hundersfield and Spotland, and in 1476
granted messuages called Stockrode in
Hundersfield to his son Robert ; ibid,
no. 454, 492.

It is at this point that the descent is
obscure. The next in possession was
Thomas Buckley, probably the son of
Alice widow of James Buckley, named in an
undated acknowledgement for 32 marks;
ibid. no. 481. Thomas appears in several
deeds of the time of Henry VII (no. 474,
468, 476), and in 1511 made a grant to
James his son and heir apparent ; no. 478.
It was probably another James Buckley
who in 1492 gave his son John, for life,
a close of land at the east end of the vill
of Rochdale, which he had received from
Maud Buckley ; no. 453. James Buckley
of Buckley arranged for the marriage of
his daughter Katherine in 1512, and
appears to have been in possession of the
family lands ; see no. 406, 489, 433. He
was living in 1539, when he delivered up
a box containing thirty-two pieces of evi-
dence ; no. 403.

The next to appear is Thomas Buckley,
probably the Thomas who in 1521 pro-
cured a divorce from Agnes Shepherd ;
no. 472. A little later, in 1528, a Henry
Buckley was divorced from Isabel Ha-
worth, to whom he had been contracted
in childhood ; no. 488. It appears that
Thomas Buckley was in possession in
1541 (no. 490, 475) ; in conjunction with
Robert his son and heir apparent he made
a lease of the Stockrode in 1557 to his
brother Hugh and Katherine his wife, and
in 1559 he assigned to Ellen widow of
Edmund Cowper a dower rent of 40*.
out of lands called Hastley in Buckley ;
no. 452, 466. Thomas Buckley in 1569
made a settlement of his manor of Buck-
ley and lands in Hundersfield, Spotland,
and Butterworth, with remainder to his
sons Robert, Arthur, James, Anthony,
and Francis ; their surname is given as
Buckley alias Haworth, so that they were
probably illegitimate ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 31, m. 194.

Robert Buckley died in 1576, holding
the manor of Buckley, and messuages, &c.,
in Hundersfield of Robert Savile in socage
by a rent of zs. \id. ; also holding a close
called Dicon Meadow in Hundersfield of
the queen as of her manor of Rochdale in
socage by a rent of is. Thomas the son
and heir was twenty-three years of age ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 13.
Thomas Buckley died in 1588 holding the
same manor and lands, together with
Fisher Field and Green Intake in Spotland,
held of Charles Holt by rents of 31. id.
and 6d. ; Robert his son and heir was
ten years of age ; ibid, xv, no. 54 ; xvi,
no. 47.

Robert Buckley died in 1598, leaving a
brother and heir named Abel, aged twenty;

226

ibid, xvii, no. 58. In addition to the
lands previously named he held a capital
messuage, &c., called Fieldhouse in Hun-
dersfield, formerly the inheritance of Henry
Holt, held of John Byron in socage by a
rent of 3*.

Abel Buckley made a settlement of the
manor of Buckley and various lands in
1601 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 63,
m. 332. He held the manor and 291 acres
of land in 1626, paying a rent of 31. lod.
to Savile and zs. to the king for Ditton
(or Diccon) Mead ; Surv. ut sup. 78. He
died in Oct. 1637 holding the family
estates, together with a messuage in
Butterworth formerly belonging to the
Hospitallers, another in Saddleworth, and
others in Todmorden. John his son and
heir was twenty-three years of age ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 67. John
Buckley recorded a pedigree in 1665, his
son Abel being then twenty-five years old ;
Dugdale, Visit. 60.

45 Abel Buckley had a son Thomas,
who died in 1697, his daughter Anne's
son, Thomas Foster, being his heir ; but
a brother, William Buckley, who died
about 1730, succeeded. Thomas Foster
then inherited Buckley, and took the
local surname. His son Edward was the
vendor ; see Fishwick, Rochdale, 393, 397
(where there is a pedigree), and the account
of Skerton.

45a Many Fieldhouse deeds are con-
tained in the Buckley charters in Add.
MS. 32107. The earliest is dated
1369, being a grant of it by Robert del
Shore, chaplain, to William son of Thomas
del Stock (or Slack), with remainder to
the grantor's mother, Margaret ; no. 450.
Alice Holt of Fieldhouse, widow of John
Holt, granted it to her son Alan Holt
in 1 506 ; no. 477. Henry Holt, brother
of Alan, was in possession in 1 507 (no. 415)
and,dying in or before 1526, left a daughter
Grace, about whose inheritance there was
some disputing ; nos. 398, 407, 412, 402,
414,417, 418, 456. Grace married Thomas
Buckley, who died in 1588, and the above-
named Robert was her son, as appears by
the inq. p.m. of Thomas. Robert Holt
of Fieldhouse occurs in 1581 ; no. 494.

^ Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 1 1, m. 32. In a
dispute in 1448 between William and Alice
Stock concerning a box of charters, the
following pedigree was alleged : Thomas
— s. William — s. Henry (died 1446) — s.
John — dau. Alice ; ibid. m. i6b.

46 To Robert son of John de Buckley
the trustee in 1397 granted the parcels
of land called Foxholes and ' Woodfulrode '
in Hundersfield and Tong Moss in Spot-
land ; Add. MS. 32107, no. 483. A
year later Thomas son of John de Buckley
released to Robert his son ( ? brother) all
his claim to messuages, &c., in c Wolfal-
rode,' Foxholes, and Stockrode ; no. 452.
In 1400 John son of Robert de Buckley
granted the Foxholes and ' Wolfenhole ' to
Thomas Dkkson and his heirs at the rent
of a grain of pepper for twenty-four years
and 40*. afterwards ; no. 451.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

century was held by the Entwisle family/7 At the
Survey in 1626 it was stated that the 78 acres then
held by Richard son of Richard
Entwisle had formerly been
the lands of Shipwalbottom,
and later of Henry de Brad-
shaw, whose daughter married
the ancestor of Entwisle ; an-
other moiety descended to
John Holden, and was in 1626
the inheritance of Charles Nut-
tall, who had the deeds, and
held 52 acres in Wardle-
worth.48 The most prominent
member of the family was
John Entwisle, Recorder of
Liverpool in 1662, and an active county magistrate ;49
his granddaughter Ellen married John Markland of
Wigan, and her grandson, who eventually succeeded
to the estates, assumed the name and arms of En-
twisle in 1787 ; from him Foxholes, augmented by
many purchases, has descended to the present owner,
Mr. John Bertin Norreys Entwisle.50 The house
was built in 1792 on the site of the old hall.

The abbey of Whalley had 2 oxgangs of land in
Wardleworth.61

In 1626 the copyhold land was 65 acres.

ENTWISLE of Fox-
holes. Argent on a bend
engrailed sable three mo-
lets of the f eld.

The land tax returns of 1788 show that Wardle-
worth was very much subdivided ; John Entwisle
was the principal owner, contributing about a sixth
part of the sum collected.52

BLATCHINWORTH AND CALDERBROOK

In this part of Hundersfield there were a number
of ancient estates, some of which, as Sladen 53 and
Lightollers,54 gave surnames to the proprietors ; but
the most prominent is a comparatively recent one,
that of PIKE HOUSE, near Littleborough, the pos-
session of the Halliwells and their successors from the
latter part of the 1 6th century.55 The present owner
is Captain Clement Robert
Nuttall Beswicke-Royds. Pike
House stands on high ground
on the lower slope of Black-
stone Edge, about half a mile
north-east of Littleborough,
facing south-west. It is a
stone-built house of two stories,
with attics, erected about

1608-9 in the place °f an

older building, but greatly al- HALLIWELL of Pike

, , °, . , : House. Argent on a bend

tered and modernized a hun- gules thre* antekpei Of
dred years later, when the the fold attired or.

4? In an indenture of — Hen. VII
William Entwisle and Janet his wife
agreed with Thomas Buckley and James
his son as to the division of lands called
Foxholes ; Janet was to have a close called
Summerhey, while the Buckleys were to
have some other closes ; ibid. no. 474.
Janet, therefore, was probably the heir of
the Thomas Dickson of 1400.

Edmund Entwisle contributed to the
subsidy in 1523 ; Fishwick, op. cit. 37.
Robert Entwisle died in Aug. 1574, leaving
as heir his eldest son Richard ; to Jane
his wife and Richard he bequeathed a
little Bible, ' they to see the same occu-
pied every Sabbath day when there is no
sermons or sacraments in ministering, and
in the week day my will and mind is that
my poorest kinsfolks which are not able
to buy a Bible shall have the same lent
unto them* ; Piccope, Wills, ii. 221-3.
Richard Entwisle died in 1621 holding in
Wardleworth, Spotland, and Hundersfield
of Sir John Byron in socage, by a rent of
41., also lands in Worsley. Richard his
son and heir was thirty-four years old ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 241.

48 Surv. ut sup. 80. In 1631 Richard
Entwisle paid ,£10 on refusing knight-
hood ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 215. He died in 1645.

49 He recorded a pedigree in 1665 ;
Dugdale, Visit. 104. For some notices of
his doings with letters see Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 101, 135, &c. ; O. Hey-
wood, Diaries, ii, 90.

50 See the pedigree and account of the
family in Fishwick, Rochdale, 409-13.

81 They were given by Gilbert de
Notion to Stanlaw Abbey, together with
two oxgangs in Healey ; Whalley Couch.
ii, 623, 626, 627 ; iii, 680.

52 Land Tax Ret. at Preston.

58 See the account of Ogden in Butter-
•worth.

Quenilda de Sladen in 1246 recovered
half an oxgang in Hundersfield against Ma-
thew son of Adam, Henry son of Ivo, and
Agnes his mother ; Assize R. 404, m. 4 d.

54 Whalley Coucher, ii, 631 ; Fishwick,
Richdale, 437—9. Maud widow of Richard
son of Henry son of Ivo in 1291 and
later claimed dower in Hundersfield
against Roger de Lightollers for i oxgang,
Richard son of Roger de Lightollers for
2 oxgangs, and other tenants of 5 J oxgangs
in all; De Banco R. no, m. 48 d. ; 167,
m. 22 d. Roger de Lightollers claimed a
messuage, oxgang, &c., against Andrew
son of Patrick de Hundersfield in 1296 ;
ibid. R. 114, m. 85.

Roger de Lightollers was plaintiff in
1301 respecting lands in Hundersfield;
against Thomas and Adam sons of Adam
Dudeman and Richard son of Geoffrey de
Turnagh he failed, but recovered against
Andrew son of Patrick de Hundersfield
and Henry son of Roger de Butterworth ;
Assize R. 1321, m. 8. In 1324 Agnes wi-
dow of Henry son of Richard de Hunders-
field made a claim for land against William
de Lightollers, and Richard son of Roger
de Lightollers ; De Banco R. 250, m. 7.

Roger Lightollers and Joan his wife
were defendants in 1444 ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 6, m. 3.

Lightollers became the property of the
Kirshaws of Town House, and was divided
between Newall and Chadwick. One
half was acquired by the Halliwells of Pike
House. In 1626 Jordan Chadwick (of
Healey) held 32 acres in Lightollers and
lands in Denehurst and Anningden ; those
i n the first-named place were held by virtue
of a grant of William de Lightollers to
Roger his son, and a rent of 3*. &d. was
payable to Savile, while those in Dene-
hurst were held by a grant of Hugh de
Eland's in 1292, a rent of %d. being due ;
Surv. ut sup. 107.

55 The evidences of this family were
transcribed by Canon Raines, who was
connected with them by marriage ; Raines
MSS. (Chet. Lib.), iv.

In 1522 Thomas Halliwell released to
James his father and John his brother all
his actions relating to the Ealees, then
held by James ; Add. MS. 32107, no. 470.
Pike House was acquired in 1561 from

227

the Earl of Derby by John and James
Halliwell, the latter being of Ealees, which
is at the east end of Littleborough ; see
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 25, m. 29,
25, from which it appears that the earl
sold his Hundersfield lands at that time.
In 1564 James Halliwell acquired a mes-
suage and lands from James son of Roger
Chadwick ; ibid. bdle. 26, m. 193 ; this
was perhaps the moiety of Lightollers, but
in 1578 John Halliwell and James (son of
James) Halliwell of Ealees purchased a
messuage, &c., from Richard Lightollers
and Margaret his wife ; ibid. bdle. 40,
m. 60. James Halliwell acquired a mes-
suage in Hundersfield from Arthur White-
head in 1585 ; ibid. bdle. 47, m. 77.
John Halliwell acquired another in 1593
from John Sale ; ibid. bdle. 55, m. 4.

John son of James Halliwell died in
1619 holding lands, &c., in Pike House
and Lightollers of Sir John Byron in
socage by icJJ. rent, in Hundersfield of
Sir John Byron and John Holt, in Butter-
worth also of Sir John Byron, in Buersill
of the Earl of Derby as of his manor of
Woolton, in Ditton near Widnes, and
elsewhere. James his son and heir was
thirty years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 165-6.

In 1626 James Halliwell held Ealees
and 104 acres of land. John Butterworth
of Littleborough held 26 acres in Ealees ;
Surv. ut sup. 104, 108.

James Halliwell was summoned to
attend the Visitation of 1664, but it
appears that he died in 1661 ; Dugdale
Visit, q.v.

The estate descended to John Halliwell,
who died in 1771, when he was succeeded
by Robert Beswicke, whose grandmother
was Mary Halliwell, sister of the last John
Halliwell ; Robert's grandson, John Halli-
well Beswicke, died in 1842, and hi:
daughter and heiress, Mary Alice Gibson,
married Capt. Clement Robert Nuttall
Royds, who has assumed the name Bes-
wicke before Royds ; see Fishwick, Roch-
dale, 440-1, and Raines MSS. iii, 62,
for an account of the Beswicke family.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

present ashlar front with large sash windows was
added, and many alterations made in the interior.
The original 17th-century house had three gables on
each front facing north and south, the roofs running
through from front to back, and these still show on
the north side, where the elevation is not much
changed. The old roofs, which are covered with
stone slates, still remain behind the high 1 8th-century
parapet on the principal front. The north side pre-
serves also many of the original I jth-century mullioned
and transomed windows and a large projecting chim-
ney, though the east gable has been replaced and
other changes have taken place. Over one of the later
windows is the date 1704, probably the year when
the alterations were carried out and the new front
added. The refacing of the front elevation, which is
65 ft. in length, appears to have been done at two
different times, the centre portion and east end being
recased first and the west gable at a later date, the

wall above the roof, is very ugly. The windows
retain their original wood bars. Internally the house
preserves traces of its 17th-century plan, though
most of the arrangements and fittings belong to the
18th-century remodelling. The light oak panelling
of the dining-room is exceedingly good, and of simple
and dignified detail. The staircase, which has carved
oak balusters and square newels, and the breakfast-room
fireplace are also good examples of 1 8th-century work.
In the kitchen is a wide open fireplace under a low
arch, and another fireplace, the great chimney of
which is such a noticeable feature of the north eleva-
tion, seems to have originally belonged to the entrance
hall, which occupies the middle portion of the ground
floor. The windows on each side of the front door
contain modern heraldic glass, and the large staircase
window is also filled with heraldic and pictorial glass
illustrating the history of the families connected with
the house. The principal rooms on the first floor

PIKE HOUSE, LITTLEEOROUGH

stonework being plainer and the windows less in
height. The three upper middle windows have thin
pilaster strips on either side, breaking round the string-
course above, and the door is flanked by columns and
has a panel with a blank shield and cornice above, but
apart from this the elevation is quite plain and with-
out architectural distinction. The height of the
parapet, determined by the gables behind, is excessive,
and viewed from the ends, where it shows as a screen

open from a corridor running the whole length of
the building, and there is a low single-story addition
at the west end. Originally the road ran much
nearer the east end of the building, and two stone
piers in front of the house mark the entrance to a
former flower garden. ,

SHORE was anciently in part a possession of the
Hospitallers ; it gave a name to some of the tenants.56
The house now called Handle Hall was the home of the

*6 Thomas de Wardle and Alexander
del Dene were tenants of the Hospitallers
in Hundersfield in 1329 ; De Banco
R. 279, m. i8od. About 1540 James
Bamford held the Hospitallers' part of
Shore, paying 6d. rent ; Kuerden MSS. v,
fol. 84.

Henry Bamford made a settlement of
liis lands in 1581 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 43, m. 50. He died in 1597,
holding messuages, &c., in Shore and
Deanrod of Sir John Byron by rents of

ijd. and 21. 2</. respectively ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 77.

In 1626 Thomas son of Thomas White-
head held the Hospitallers' land ; it was
stated that the successive owners had been
Ely, Stannering, Shore, and Henry Bam-
ford ; Surv. ut sup. no.

Andrew son of Patrick de Hundersfiela
claimed a rent of 6d. against Alexander
son of Nicholas de la Shore in 1295 ;
Assize R. 1306, m. 15 d. Ellis de Stan-
riggs in 1306 claimed land in Hundersfield

228

against Roger del Shore ; De Banco R. 161,
m. 420 d. Ralph Shore died in Oct.
1 560, holding the capital messuage called
Shore, other messuages in Hundersfield
called Littleborough, High Lee,Lenchcarr,
and Middlewood, and some other lands,
leaving a son and heir Thomas, thirteen
years of age, and married to Margery
daughter of Thomas Hill. A fourth part
of Shore was held of Robert Savile by a
rent of 2J. ; all the rest of the estate was
held of the queen, a rent of \$d. being

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

Dearden family, now lords of the manor of Rochdale.57
Windy Bank M and Town House 59 are other old estates.

The house known as Windy Bank stands in a fine
position above the road near to the ancient packhorse
track leading over Blackstone Edge. It is a picturesque

two-story stone-built house i shaped in plan, the

long front facing south and the short arm running
north at the east end. The principal elevation has
three flush gables with long low mullioned windows
with hood-moulds over. At the east end is a large
projecting chimney, and at the south-east angle a large
roughly-carved gargoyle in the form of a man holding
open his mouth with both hands. Over the door are
the initials I'B' (John Butterworth) and the date
1635, and there was formerly a sundial in the middle
gable, traces of which still remain. The house is now
let in tenements, and the interior has been remodelled
and is without interest.60

Lower Town House was rebuilt in 1604, and an
illustration of it in the 1 8th century shows a pictur-
esquely grouped two-story gabled structure with farm
buildings adjoining. This building was pulled down
in 1798 when the present house — a plain 18th-cen-
tury stone building with sash windows — took its place.
Over a door in the servants' hall is a carved stone from
the old house with the initials * R.N. W.N. 1604,' and
in more modern characters 'W.N.B. rebuilt 1798.'
In the wall of one of the outbuildings is a stone bear-
ing the Newall arms and the initials and date, ' L.N.S.
1752.'"

Robert Holt of Stubley and John Belfield of Little-
borough were among the landowners in i626.6J At
that time there were 1,134 acres of copyhold land.
The chief landowners in 1797 were Mr. Dearden,
Mr. Newall, Colonel Chadwick, and Mr. Beswicke.68

On the west side of the high road at Steanor Bot-
tom, near Calderbrook, is a three-story stone house with
mullioned windows, along the front of which is a long
ornamental panel 64 with carved border and quaint
inscriptions :

NO MAN ON

EARTH CAN TE

LL THE TORMENT

THATS IN EL

A S E I7OO

BY MANY

STROKES THE

WORK IS DONE

THAT COVLD

NOT BE PER

FORMD BY ONE

The initials refer to one of the Eastwood family.
Apart from the inscriptions the house is architecturally
without interest.

TODMORDEN AND WALSDEN

1NCHFIELD in Walsden was formerly reckoned a
manor, having probably been the site of the manor-
house of the Savile family, who, as above stated, once
held a moiety of the manor of Rochdale as heirs of
the Hugh de Eland of 1212." In 1626 it was held
by George son of George Travis of the king by a rent

payable ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi,
no. 48. Thomas Shore in 1561 pur-
chased a messuage, &c., from Henry Bam-
ford ; Pal. of Lane. Feet, of F. bdle. 23,
tn. 48.

Thomas Shore and Margery his wife
made a settlement of lands, &c., in 1585;
ibid. bdle. 47, m. 68. Thomas Shore
•was in possession in 1626 ; Surv. ut sup.
1 06. Some deeds of the family are in
Raines MSS. xvi, 217-23 ; see also
Fishwick, op. cit. 433.

*7 Ibid. 449.

58 In 1334 Henry son of Henry del
Windybank, a minor, recovered possession
of a messuage and lands in Hundersfield
and Butterworth against William del
Windybank ; the occupier was Henry
Tyrry ; Coram Rege R. 297, m. 115 d.

Joan widow of Henry de Windybank
in July 1352 recovered dower in lands in
Hundersfield and Butterworth against
Margery and Agnes, daughters of Richard
•de Wardle. The defence was a release
granted by Joan in 1 344 ; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 2, m. 3 d.

In 1568 Joan, one of the daughters and
heirs of Richard Lightollers of Windy
Bank, gave her .right to Alexander College;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 673.

Windy Bank was in 1626 held by Rich-
ard Lightollers by a rent of 45. Sd. due to
Savile ; Surv. 109.

An abstract of the title deeds may be
found in Raines MSS. ii, 297 ; it be-
gins in 1718, when Robert (son of John
son of Robert) Butterworth was owner.

59 In 1626 there were two estates bear-
ing this name. The Upper Town House,
with 112 acres, was held by Alexander
Kirshaw by rents of zs. to the king and
id, to Savile ; and the Lower Town
House, with 88 acres, was held by Robert
Newall ; Surv. 109.

The Town House evidences are given
in Raines MSS. v, 264 on. They be-
gin with a grant by Thomas son of

Michael de Wardle to Matthew de Kir-
shaw (Kyrkeschagh) of J oxgang in Hun-
dersfield in 1317. Christopher Kirshaw
living in 1453 had two daughters, Eleanor
and Isabel, of whom the latter married
William Newall, and the former is said
to have married Chadwick of Healey.
There is a full pedigree of the Newall
family in Fish wick's work, 445 ; for the
family deeds see Raines MSS. iii, 146 ; v,
264, &c.

An indenture concerning the marriage
of William son of Ralph Kirshaw of
Littleborough with Agnes daughter of
John Buckley and Emma his wife occurs
in 1567; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 222,
m. 9.

A settlement of ten messuages, &c., in
Hundersfield was in 1572 made by Ed-
mund Kirshaw, Geoffrey his son and heir
apparent, and the latter's wife Katharine ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 34, m. 102.
This probably refers to the Upper Town
House, which was eventually purchased by
the Newalls ; Fishwick, op. cit. 444.

Michael son of William del 'Ton'
gave land in Hundersfield to Stanlaw
Abbey between the Tonbrook and the
land of the sons of Patrick ; Whalley
Coucher, i, 159.

60 There is an illustration of Windy
Bank in 1840 in Fishwick, Roc/iJalc, 436,
from a sketch by George Shaw in Raines
MSS. ii, 295.

61 Fishwick, Rochdale, 443, 444.

62 Surv. ut sup. 104, 108.

68 Land tax returns at Preston.

64 There is an illustration of the panel
or frieze, which is built up in many stones,
in Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), ii, 646, but
the blank panels are reduced in width, and
the length of the whole consequently cur-
tailed.

65 Lanci. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 40. Hugh de Eland
had in 1 202 granted 2 oxgangs in Hunders-
field to Thomas son of Jordan at a rent of

22Q

2s. 8d. ; Uhtred and Michael were the
previous holders ; Final Concords, i, 17.

John de Eland in 1311 held of Henry
de Lacy one plough-land in Hundersfield,
by the annual service of 601. ; De Lacy Inq.
(Chet. Soc.), 20. John de Balshagh, per-
haps as bailiff of Rochdale, in 1324,5
claimed tenements in Hundersfield against
John de Eland and others, but did not
proceed ; Assize R. 426, m. 9.

Little is known of the lordship of the
other moiety of Hundersfield. Robert de
Flamborough (Flayneburgh) and Alice his
wife in 1235 granted half an oxgang in
Hundersfield to three brothers named An-
drew, Peter, and Alexander, at a rent of
%d. ; the land was Alice's ; Final Con-
cords, i, 69. In 1246 Alice widow of
Robert de Flamborough (Flaynburg) had
a suit with Patrick son of Michael de
Hundersfield; Assize R. 1045, m. 53. In
the same year Alice daughter and heir of
Robert de Liversedge successfully claimed
common of pasture in Hundersfield against
Richard son of Andrew son of Matthew
de Hundersfield ; also against Patrick son
of Michael, Richard son of Andrew, Wil-
liam son of Beatrice, Henry son of Ivo,
Roger son of Adam, and Michael de
Lightollers ; Assize R. 404, m. 7d, 8. The
plaintiff in these cases may have been the
same Alice. Thomas de Langfieldin 1306
made a claim for meadow in Todmorden and
Hundersfield against Henry son of Richard
de Hipperholm and John de Lacy; the last-
named said he had nothing except in com-
mon with his wife Margaret, who was not
named in the writ ; Assize R. 419, m. 6.

In 1296 the land of Henry son of
Patrick (perhaps the above-named Patrick)
was in the lord's hands, in consequence of
the felony of Randle brother and heir of
Henry ; De Lacy Compoti (Chet. Soc.), 6.
The issues were zs.

The descent of the Eland and Savile
manor has been recited under Rochdale ;
Inchfield is styled a manor in 1551.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

of 40.;. 5 d. ; the acreage was only 387 arable,with pasture
lands of nearly 800 acres, and there were alsoof common
land 300 acres.66 The Walsden people had 788
acres of common in Inchfield.67

TODMORDEN was held by divers tenants, some
of whose lands passed in 136410 William de Radcliffe
of Langfield in Yorkshire, the ancestor, or at least the
predecessor in title, of the Radcliffes of Todmorden
and Great Mearley.68 Richard Radcliffe of Todmor-
den, who died in 1502, held six messuages, 60 acres
of land, &c., in Swineshead and Genredewood of the
king as of his manor of Rochdale ; a messuage called
Henshaw in Hundersfield of John Hamerton ; also
the manor or capital messuage of Todmorden of Sir
John Savile, all in socage. Charles RadclifFe, his son
and heir, was thirty-five years of age.69 Charles
RadclifFe died on 15 August 1536, holding certain
messuages and lands in Todmorden of Sir Henry

Savile in socage by a rent of 33*. \d., and others in
Walsden of the king by knight's service and a rent of
8/. io^</.70 Edward his son and heir was forty-six
years of age, and died at Mearley in 1557, leaving
the estates to his son Charles, forty-five years old.71
Charles, at his death in 1590, held Todmorden of
Sir John Byron and Walsden of the queen ; the ser-
vice for the latter was 8/. rent.7* Henry the son and
heir, then fifty-seven years old, died ten years later,
his heir being his grandson Saville RadclifFe, aged six-
teen.73 Saville's grandson Joshua died in 1676, leaving
as heir his daughter Elizabeth ; she married Roger
Mainwaring of Kermincham in Cheshire, and in
1717 the estate was sold. The purchaser was John
Fielden, a Quaker. In 1796 it was sold to
Anthony Crossley, from whom it descended to James
Taylor of Calverlands, Berkshire.74

Todmorden Hall is a two-story stone-built house

66 Surv. ut sup. 123. Sir John Byron
had sold it to George Travis the father.
It descended in the Travis family until
1739, when Sarah daughter and co-heir of
John Travis of Oldham married Lawrence
Nuttall of Lower Town House ; see Fish-
wick, Rochdale, 460 ; Raines MSS. v,
314-16.

67 Surv. ut sup. The common of Wals-
den occupied 2,015 acres. An ancient
grant by John de Eland excepted the pas-
ture between Todmorden and Ramsden
from the easements of the vill of Hunders-
field, and the people of Inchfield claimed
it as their right.

Other estates in this part of the district
were Henshaw, held in 1626 by Saville
Radcliffe (see below), and Lightbank and
Hollinworth, formerly the lands of John
Bradshaw, who in 1489-90 demised them
to Richard Radcliffe of Todmorden ; in
1626 they were held by John (grandson of
Richard) Butterworth.

For the estates of Warland and Stone-
house see Fishwick, op. cit. 454, 455-

68 For the charters of this family see
Add. MS. 32104, no. 604, &c. The fol-
lowing show the composite character of
the Radcliffes' estate : In 1299 Henry
son of Richard de Hipperholm granted a
fourth part of the vill of Todmorden to
John de Lacy and Margaret his wife, to be
held of the nearest chief lord ; three years
later he gave certain rents in Wardle ;
no. 548, 725, 728. Margaret de Lacy
gave her lands to her son Thomas ; no.
730. John de Eland gave Todmorden
Hey, by the Little Blackcarr, to Richard
Harder of Todmorden, at a rent of 2s. ;
no. 625.

Matthew son of Robert de le Wood in
1306 gave all his land in Awardbottom to
Henry son of Thomas de Burdell ; no.
1 202. Roger de Todmorden gave to
Robert son of Henry in 1317 land be-
tween Hennynshok and Penhilshawsyke,
and between lands of Ellis de Greenhurst
and Thomas del Dene ; no. 726. Thomas
son of Richard del Dene in 1322 gave
all his lands, &c., in Todmorden to his
son Thomas and Cecily daughter of Henry
de Wardle ; no. 644. William son of
Thomas del Dene in 1324 gave all his
lands, &c., in Todmorden to Agnes
daughter of John de Stodelay, whom he
was marrying ; no. 784, 754. Agnes, as
widow of William, in 1342 gave most of
her lands in Todmorden, with two houses
built upon them, to John son of Thomas
Harder, a rent of zs. being payable to the
•hief lords ; no. 772. The rent is the

same as that for Todmorden Hey above.
Robert son of Henry de Swineshead in
1350 gave to William de Harwood all his
lands, &c., in Hundersfield ; no. 735.

The Dene family occur in 1314 in a
suit by Agnes widow of Michael de le
Dene to recover dower in a messuage, &c.,
in Hundersfield against John de le Dene
and Geoffrey son of Richard de le Dene ;
De Banco R. 206, m. 25d.

In 1364 William son of Henry the Ward
of Stones, gave lands within the hedge of the
Ringge of Todmorden to William son of
William de Radcliffe ; Add. MS. 32104,
no. 753. Three years later Adam Rogger
gave the Little Rode to the same William
de Radcliffe ; no. 781 In 1373 the lands
in the former grant were given by William
de Radcliffe to John de Notehogh(Nuttall);
no. 624. John son of William de Rad-
cliffe had in the same year obtained the
reversion of lands at Swineshead from
John son of Robert del Law, which the
said Robert had from Robert son of Wil-
liam de Swineshead ; no. 634, 770.

Richard II, at the request of Sir Robert
de Urswick, in 1392 pardoned William
de Radcliffe for the death of Robert de
Lydesay ; no. 750. In 1388 William
son of William de Radcliffe had made a
feoffment of his lands, services, &c., in
Hundersfield and elsewhere in Lancashire;
and these were in 1402 transferred to
new feoffees, of whom John de Radcliffe
was one ; no. 746, 747. Henry IV in
1400 granted William de Radcliffe of
Todmorden an annuity of £10 out of the
profits of the manor of Rochdale ; Duchy
of Lane. Misc. Bks. xv, fol. 20 d. Richard
son of William de Radcliffe married Mar-
garet daughter and heir of Henry de
Dyneley of Downham, and in 1401 her
share of the inheritance was delivered to
her; Add. MS. 32104, no. 667; see
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 41, 42 ;
Pal. of Lane. Chan. Misc. 1/8, m. 23/4.

In 1418 William de Radcliffe of Tod-
morden became bound to Thomas Savile
of Thornhill to submit to an arbitration ;
Geoffrey the son of William is named ;
Add. MS. 32104, no. 670.

In 1419 Henry de Dearden proceeded
against William son of William de Rad-
cliffe the younger and others for breach of
the peace at Spotland ; Add. MS. 32108,
no. 1672.

The trustees of William son of Wil-
liam Radcliffe in 1423-4 gave Stubbs
in Todmorden and other lands to Chris-
tiana daughter of Robert Pilkington,
to hold for her life, with remainder to

230

Richard son of William son of William
Radcliffe, &c. ; Kuerden, fol. MS. 261,
no. 66 1.

Henry Marland, vicar of Rochdale, and
other trustees in 1443 gave to William
son of William Radcliffe all lands, &c., in
Hundersfield and Langfield ; Add. MS.
32104, no. 780. William de Radcliffe
made another feoffment in 1451 ; no. 722.

Richard Radcliffe occurs in 1490, when
he acquired Hollinworth in Hundersfield
from John son and heir of Thomas Brad-
shaw (no. 786) and also purchased the
estate of Robert son and heir of Richard
Henshaw in Walsden ; no. 748. This
last in the following year he granted to
Peter Henshaw (no. 630), and in 1492 he
assigned the same for life to his bastard
son William Radcliffe and Elizabeth
daughter of Thomas Towneley ; no. 621.

For a charge of harbouring felons against
Richard Radcliffe see Fishwick, Rochdale,
468 (quoting Duchy of Lane. Plead.
Hen. VII, ii, G 4).

69 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 94.

'° Ibid, viii, no. 35. In 1512 Charles
Radcliffe and Edward his son made a lease
of lands called Pighills and Dryelhurst in
Hundersfield ; Add. MS. 32104, no. 755.

71 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 24.
Edward Radcliffe in 1537 demised for a
term to Richard Shepherd lands, &c.,
called Dobroyd, Stone Meadow, Norse
Hoyle, and Carrin Todmorden ; Add. MS.
32104, no. 646. In 1541 he agreed with
Charles Stansfield as to the possession of a
piece of land on the south side of the
Calder and the east side of the water of
Walsden ; no. 662.

7a Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xv, no. 24.
The following relate to purchases and
settlements by Charles Radcliffe, Henry
his son being joined in the later ones ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 12, m. 205;
26, m. 104 ; 27, m. 249 ; 34, m. 7 ; 40,
m. 30.

78 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no.
45. For the descent see Dugdale, Visit.
1664, p. 240. A settlement of the
manor of Todmorden was made by Henry
Radcliffe in 1595 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 57, m. 43.

74 For the later descent see Fishwick,
Rochdale, 469-72.

In 1626, when Saville Radcliffe held
the manor of Todmorden, with 398 acres
of land, and 175 acres in Gauxholme, a
number of the above-cited deeds were pro-
duced, as also a grant of 1537 by Edward
Radcliffe to Charles his son and heir ap-
parent, who had married Margaret, the

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

RADCLIFFE of Tod-
morden. Argent a bend
engrailed table in the
iiniiter chief a Jleur de
Us gules.

with gables and mullioned windows, originally in a
pleasant situation on the north-west bank of the Calder,
to which its gardens sloped ; but it is now, however,
almost completely shut in by other buildings, and its
surroundings entirely altered. It takes the place of
an older building on the same
site of which it is probably a
rebuilding or an enlargement.
There is, however, nothing
in the existing structure which
appears to be older than the
year 1603, at which date the
rebuilding was carried out by
Saville Radcliffe, though it is
possible that a portion of the
west wing may belong to the
older building. The type and
plan is that of a centre block
with projecting end wings, the
principal front, facing south,
having stone gables and straight parapets with ball
ornaments and large mullioned and transomed win-
dows with hood-moulds. The centre and eastern
wings are much loftier than the western, and sug-
gest that the 1603 rebuilding may have comprised
this portion of the house alone, the lower wing con-
taining the kitchen being a part of the older house.
The porch is an addition to the original west wing, as
shown by a stiaight joint, but its detail suggests its
having been erected at the same time as the rest of
the house. The centre wing has two large four-light
windows on each floor, those on the ground floor
having double transoms, but the original windows of
the east wing were cut away in the i8th century and
larger square sash windows inserted on both floors,
entirely spoiling the picturesque appearance of the
house and altering the proportions of the front. These
windows remained till 1908, when they were removed
in their turn, and new mullioned windows put in their
place. In 1626 Todmorden Hall is described in the
Manor Survey 7i as ' a capital messuage fairly built of
stone,' and in the will of John Fielden, who died there
in 1734, the house is mentioned 'with its gatehouses
and cottages.' From that date the hall seems to have
been divided into two houses, when Abraham Fielden
inherited it, except ' the new parlour, the dyning room,
the mealhouse, the new chamber with part of the
cellar,' which were reserved for the use of his mother.76
This probably refers to the west wing, to which an
addition was built including a new kitchen, the original
kitchen being turned into the dining-room. The Hall
still consists of two houses, but the plan was apparently

so much modified in the l8th century that the
original arrangements are not clear. This work
appears to have been done by the Fieldens somewhere
about the year 1743 (that date being on a stone in the
cellar), and includes the present large stone staircase
in the eastern part.77

The roofs are now covered with modern blue
slates, and the main roof is carried down at the back
between the gables, finishing with overhanging eaves,
the north front of the house being straight and un-
broken, and producing something of the nature of an
H plan in the upper story. The north elevation has
end gables of unequal height similar to those in the
principal front, but the pitch of the western gable
has been altered on one side by the later kitchen
addition. The exterior of the house bears no date,
but a stone bearing a shield with the arms of Rad-
cliffe quartering Greenacres, found in one of the
attics during the restoration of 1908, was placed
over the porch in the same year. The spout
heads, however, have a bull's head, the Radcliffe
crest, within a circle. The interior has been con-
siderably modernized, but the principal front room at
the east end is panelled in oak to a height of 10 ft.,
and has a finely-carved oak mantelpiece, on which, in
the centre, are the arms of Radcliffe quartering
Greenacres, impaling Hyde of Norbury, with the
crests of Radcliffe and Hyde, and the mottoes,
' Natale Solo Duce.' ' Ama Virtutem.' On the cor-
nice is the date 1603, and above three black shields,
the centre (larger) one being inclosed within a garter
and surmounted with an earl's coronet.78 Below are
four shields : (i) a lion rampant, (2) Radcliffe,
(3) Hyde, and (4) a cross flory and the Radcliffe
crest in a circle, between which are the initials
S. R. K. R. (Saville Radcliffe and Katherine Hyde his
wife). In one of the upper rooms is a portion of a
good plaster ornamental frieze, now on two sides of
the room only, but formerly continued all round.
There is a space 5 ft. high between the ceiling of the
corridor of the eastern house and the floor of the
landing above, entered by a trap-door, and giving
rise to the usual story of a priest's hole. The
upper part of the porch in the western house has an
open arch and wooden balustrade, forming a kind
of small gallery to the hall, and is approached from
the bedroom, an arrangement which gives rise to the
story of a minstrels' gallery.79 The hall is said to
have had coloured glass in several of its windows
until recent years,80 but all of this has now disap-
peared.

The Fieldens of Bottomley 81 and the Crossleys of

manor of Todmorden, Hermithome, and
other lands being included ; Surv. ut sup.
134-6. Saville Radcliffe, in 1631, paid
^25 on refusing knighthood ; Mite. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 216.

A settlement of the manor of Todmor-
den was made in 1695 by Roger Main-
waring and Elizabeth his wife, Saville
Radcliffe and Mary his wife, and Radcliffe
Scholefield and Mary his wife ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 234, m. 92.

Roger Mainwaring the younger and
Elizabeth his wife were in possession in
1701 ; ibid. bdle. 246, m. 107. The
same and James Mainwaring held it in
1717 ; ibid. bdle. 277, m. 107. This fine
was probably levied in connexion with the
sale.

75 Quoted by Fishwick, Rochdale, 471.

7* Fishwick, op. cit. 472.

77 The oak balusters of a former 17th-
century staircase are still preserved in a
lumber room in the house.

?8 It is said to have had the arms of
Radcliffe Earl of Sussex.

79 It is possible that the entrance hall
of the present west house may mark the
' screens * of a former building, the great
hall of which would be the central por-
tion of the east house now occupied by
the two front rooms and the passage be-
hind. The plan of the building suggests
its having been rebuilt on an older foun-
dation. But the porch is certainly of
later date than the original hall, the min-
strels' gallery of which, if there ever was

231

one, would probably have been over the
screens.

80 Fishwick, op. cit. 472.

81 For an account of this family see
Fishwick, op. cit. 457-64, with pedigree.
The surname appears to have been Fieldend
originally.

William Fielden in 1581 made a
feoffment of messuages, &c., in Hunders-
field ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 43,
m. 164. About the same time Nicholas
(bastard son of Bartholomew) Fielden and
Christabel his wife purchased a messuage
in Hundersfiel.I from John Stansfield and
Agnes his wife ; ibid. m. 167. In the fol-
lowing year he acquired another messuage
from Edward Milne, Agnes his wife, and
Charles his son ; ibid. bdle. 44, m. 87.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Scaitcliffe M have long held their estates. Allescholes M
and Bernshaw Tower in Todmorden84 may also be
mentioned.

The Chetham family probably held a part of Hun-
dersfield at the beginning of the I3th century, for
Thomas Earl of Derby, who died in 1521, held lands
there as successor of the Pilkingtons,84 and the Chad-
derton family also had some. The Survey of 1626
gives a full account of the owners and tenants at that
time ; some of them have been noticed in other parts
of Rochdale, as John Butterworth of Turnagh.

The surnames of Howarth,87 Lord,88 and others M
also occur in deeds and inquisitions.

There were 748 acres of copyhold land in 1626.

In 1788 the chief landowners were John Crossley
and Hannah Greenwood.90

The town of TODMORDEN, which
BOROUGH spread into Yorkshire, obtained a local
board in i86i,91 and this, after some
changes, became an urban district council in 1894.
A borough charter was granted in 1 896 ; the area
includes the former township of Todmorden with
Walsden. In 1888 the whole was transferred to the
West Riding of Yorkshire. A town hall, given by the
Messrs. Fielden, was built in 1875. The gasworks
belong to the corporation, but water is supplied by
Rochdale Corporation from works recently purchased
from a private company. Todmorden is forming a
new reservoir of its own. The market days are
Wednesday and Saturday ; and there are two fairs,
on the Thursday before Easter and the last Thursday
in September. There is a free library.

The old parochial chapel of
CHURCHES ST. MART stands on a small emi-
nence in the centre of Todmorden,but
is architecturally uninteresting, having been entirely
rebuilt in 1770, with the exception of the lower part

of the tower, which belongs to the 17th-century struc-
ture.91 It consists of a chancel, nave, west tower,,
and south porch, but the chancel and porch are
modern additions erected in 1897. The i8th-cen-
tury building, which forms the present nave, is a
plain oblong structure faced with wrought stone and
with a stone-slated roof. On the south side are two
square-headed doorways, one now built up and the
other hidden by the later porch, between which
are two tall semicircular headed windows with impost
mouldings and keystones. Over the doors are two-
smaller semicircular headed windows, and at either
end of the building two windows each of three lights,.
one above the other, the centre lights of which have
a semicircular head springing from the level of the:
cornice of the side lights.

The tower is 1 5 ft. square on the outside, and has-
a pointed window on the west on the ground-floor
stage. The upper part was rebuilt and raised in.
1860, and terminates in an embattled parapet; it
retains, however, its 18th-century cock weather-vane.
The interior is quite plain, and the fittings, with the
exception of the west gallery, the front of which has
some good 18th-century detail, are all modern, the
building having been completely restored in 1860-8,.
and again in 1 897. The new chancel is Gothic, and
has a good east window. There were formerly gal-
leries all round, and that on the north side was
standing in 1868, when Glynne visited the church,
which he describes as 'scarcely worth notice.'

There is a clock in the tower and one bell, on
which is the inscription : ' In dulcedine vocis cantabo
tuo (sic) D'ne. In jucunditate soni sonabo tibi D'ne.
w ,Q o . LAM . SRE . 1603 ' ; and below, ' Recast,
tower raised new clock 1860 Mears, Lond. fecit.'

The churchyard is on the south and west sides,
raised high above the roadway, and contains a few

82 See Fishwick, op. cit. 475-9.

Richard son and heir of Richard Cross-
ley of Scaitcliffe occurs in 1586; Add.
MS. 32104, no. 664. Anthony Crossley
made a feoffment of messuages, &c., in
Todmorden in 1591 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 53, m. 140.

In 1626 John son of Anthony Crossley
held 1 20 acres in Scaitcliffe and Shaw-
head ; and Jeremy son of Richard Cross-
ley held 60 acres in Scaitcliffe ; Surv. ut.
sup. 137.

88 Fishwick, op. cit. 456.

84 Ibid. 479 ; relating that until about
1870 'at one end of the farmhouse was a
small turreted building, and the tradition
was that under it lay buried a " chest " of
gold, and in digging for this hidden trea-
sure the building was undermined and
fell down.'

James Lomax of Pilsworth died in
1623 holding lands in Todmorden of the
king in socage, and leaving a son and heir
Richard, twelve years of age 5 Land. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 44 1 ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 31.
Richard Lomax, the heir, in 1626 held
' Besingshaw ' with 65 acres, paying rents
of 6s. to Savile and 3*. 4^. to Radcliffe ;
Surv. ut sup. 139.

For a Lomax suit of 1690 see Exch.
Def>. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 77.

84 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 68.
The Derby rental of 1523 (in the posses-
sion of Lord Lathom) records only a rent of
6os.zd.ia. Rochdale,purchased fromGilbert
Leigh; see p. 129 and V.C.H. Lanes. iv,259.
87 John Savile of Eland in 1367 granted

to Thomas de Haworth all the lands in
Todmorden formerly belonging to John
son of Richard de Greenhurst, except those
called Nollerode and Hingandsagh ; Add.
MS. 32104, no. 782 ; Henry de Haworth
was a witness. The same John Savile
made a release of all actions against
Thomas in 1385 ; ibid. no. 638. Gilbert
Holden in 1584 acquired two messuages,
&C., in Todmorden and Hundersfield from
Henry Haworth and Janet his wife ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 46, m. 210.
Henry Haworth of Burnley Wood in 1586
gave to his son and heir John, on marri-
age with Janet daughter of William Bol-
ton of Ightenhill, lands, &c., in Todmor-
den and Hundersfield ; Add. MS. 32104,
no. 664.

88 Edmund Lord the younger purchased
a barn and land in Migehalghden in
Hundersfield (see Lanes, and Ches. Rec.
[Rec. Soc.], ii, 255) from Charles Holt
and Mary his wife in 1577 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 39, m. 109. Edward
Lord died at Butterworth in 1605 holding
various messuages and lands in the hamlet
of Todmorden in Hundersfield of Saville
Radcliffe, by a rent of zd. ; he also held
lands in Butterworth of John Holt, and
in Castleton of James Scholefield. Charles,
his son and heir, was fifty-one years of
age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 114. In 1626 Charles son
of Henry Lord (who died in 1623), and
grandson of Charles, held the estate called
Godplay, with 151 acres, by a rent of
6s. 8J. to the king and zd. to Saville Rad-
cliffe ; Survey, ut sup. 140.

232

89 It will have been seen from preced-
ing notes that Hundersfield and many of
its hamlets gave surnames to families —
as Wardle, Todmorden, and others, but
there is nothing to show the exact charac-
ter of their tenure, nor the descent of
their estates.

John de Buersill in 1361 acquired a
messuage and lands in Hundersfield from
Adam del Clough and Maud his wife ;
Final Cone, ii, 1 68. Robert del Lawe
and Joan his wife in 1374 made a settle-
ment of a small estate ; ibid, ii, 188.
William le Genour in 1379 acquired a
messuage and lands from Henry de Burton
and Alice his wife ; ibid, iii, 7.

William de Hulton and Alice his wife
in 1286 claimed the latter's dower in
Todmorden against Richard de Hardehesel
and Alexander son of Henry de Whit-
worth ; De Banco R. 64, m. 9 d.

Robert de Bradefield and Joan his wife
in 1315 claimed the latter's dower in a
messuage, lands, and rent in Wardle-
worth, Henry del Stocks being defendant;
De Banco R. 212, m. 50 d.

Robert Stott and Joan his wife had a
messuage and land in 1582 ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 44, m. 157.

90 Land tax returns at Preston.

91 Lond. Gay,. 3 May 1861 ; reconsti-
tuted in 1875 by 38 & 39 Viet. cap. zn.
A school board formed in 1874 ; Lond.
Ga%. 31 July.

92 Fishwick, op. cit. 179. A brief to
aid the rebuilding was issued in 1767.
For a description of the chapel, &c., in
1769 see Local Glean. Land, and Cbes. ii, 8.

SALFORD HUNDRED

ROCHDALE

stones with good 17th-century lettering. It was
closed for burials in 1858.

CHRIST CHURCH (the parish church) stands on
high ground on the west side of the town in a posi-
tion commanding a fine view down the valley west-
ward towards Burnley.63 It was built between 1830
and 1832, and consists of chancel, nave, with north
and south aisles, and west tower. The chancel, how-
ever, is new, having been added in 1886, the original
building, which is in the Gothic style, having been
designed, according to the custom of the day, with a
small square east end. The interior is very lofty
and has galleries over both aisles and at the west end.
Considering the time when the church was erected,
its architecture, though poor, is rather better than the
usual Gothic of the period.

There are twelve bells, one by Thomas Mears,
1836, and the rest by Taylor of Loughborough, 1897
(eight ringing bells and three chimes). The old bell
is fixed stationary.

The church plate, which is common to Christ
Church and St. Mary's, consists of two chalices, a
paten and flagon of 1832, two chalices and three
patens of later date with the Birmingham marks.

The registers begin in 1666, but the first entries
are fragmentary on loose sheets pasted in. There are
some quaint entries by the Rev. Henry Crabtree
(1662-85), w^° frequently added astrological com-
ments.94 The registers are in a very dilapidated con-
dition. The first volume begins with burials and
baptisms for 1678, and the years 1666 and 1667
follow, the volume containing entries up to 1758.
The second volume comprises the years 1675 to 1709,
and the third 1729 to 1812. Many of the entries
are on loose sheets, now very much decayed and
mildewed. The registers require a thorough over-
hauling.

The churchwardens' accounts begin 1720.

A chapel probably existed at
4DPOWSON Todmorden by I5OO;95 though it
was but scantily furnished in 1552,
that may have been due to its confiscation by the
Crown as a chantry.96 It was repurchased by the
inhabitants for 6j. 8^.97 Soon afterwards the chapel-
yard was used for burial.93 As there was no endow-
ment it was probably difficult to find a curate,99 and
only fragmentary notices occur before i64O.100 The
Commonwealth Commissioners in 1650 recommended

that the chapel should be made a parish church.101
After the Restoration the people seem to have been
largely Nonconformists, the Quakers being very
numerous. About 1706 the curate had an in-
come of £16, of which £14 was from the people's
contributions ; the clerk begged wool through the
chapelry for his maintenance.102 Canon Raines states
that John Welsh, curate from 1713 to 1726, was
* very successful in reclaiming Dissenters.' los The
benefice became a vicarage under the Rochdale Vicar-
age Act of 1866 ; the Bishop of Manchester presents
the incumbents, of whom the following is a list since
the Restoration : — 104

1662 Henry Crabtree
? Thomas Ingham

Thomas Grimshaw
00.1695 Daniel Pighells (Pickles)

1699 Robert Whitehead, B.A. (Brasenose Coll.,

Oxf.) m

1 704 Robert Butterworth (Jesus Coll., Camb.)
1713 John Welsh
1726 Joseph Sutcliff
1731 William Grimshaw 107
1742 Robert Hargraves, B.A.
1770 John Crosse, B.A. (St. Edmund Hall,

Oxf.)

1775 Joseph Atkinson
1819 Robert Seatle
1821 Joseph Co well

1846 John Edwards, M.A. (Lincoln Coll., Oxf.)
1864 Anthony John Plow
1868 Rennell Francis Wynn Molesworth,108 M.A.

(Brasenose Coll., Oxf.)
1875 William Augustus Conway 109
1883 Edward James Russell,110 M.A. (St. Mary

Hall, Oxf.)
1910 Charles Paul Keeling, M.A. (St. John's

Coll. Camb.)

More recently, in connexion with the Church of
England, St. Peter's, Walsden, has been erected ; it was
consecrated in 1848 ; the Crown and the Bishop of
Manchester present alternately.111

A school was founded at Walsden in 171 3. m
There are several Methodist churches at Tod-
morden and Walsden, the Wesleyans, Primitive
Methodists, and United Free Methodists all being
represented.

93 It was illegally used as the parish
church for twenty years, and an Act of
Parliament had to be obtained to legalize
the marriages celebrated therein ; Fish-
wick, loc. cit.

94 As for instance : ' 1685, November
ist, James son of James Taylor of Tod-
morden. He was born 2nd October, near
sun setting, and also near a full moon,
which is sure sign of a short life ' ; see
Lanes, and Cbes. Antiq. Soc. v, 350.

95 Fishwick, op. cit. 177.

96 Ch. Goods. (Chet. Soc.), 49 ; Robert
Turnagh was the priest there. He ap-
peared at the Visitations of 1548 and
1554, but not in 1562 or later.

9' Raines, Chant. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 277.

98 Fishwick, loc. sup. cit.

99 The curate in 1590 was a preacher,
but ' insufficient ' ; S.P. Dom. Eliz. xxxi,
47. Todmorden is named in 1 6 10 among
the Rochdale chapels of ease maintained
by the inhabitants ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep.
xiv, App. iv, 12.

100 Gilbert Ashley occurs in 15 90; Fish-
wick, op. cit. 1 8 1.

101 Common-wealth Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 19; the fixed stipend
was 6s. 8</. only. The ministers of this
period were : —

Robert Towne, described as ' anti-
noniian,' banished by the Classis in 1 648 ;
W. A. Shaw, Bury Classii (Chet. Soc.), 53.

John Hill, 1647, to whom, as 'a godly
and orthodox divine,' a payment of ,£40
a year was ordered out of the sequestered
tithes of Lord Byron; Plund. Mint. Accts.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 60.

Francis Core, 1650; 'scandalous in
life and conversation ; ' Cb. Surv.

William Norcott, 1654 ; Fishwick,
loc. cit.

Thomas Somerton, 1658; 'he had
been a blacksmith or farrier and preached
strange doctrines ' ; Raines in Not. Cestr.
(Chet. Soc.), ii. 148, 149.

102 Ibid, ii, 147-51 ; of a hundred
families in the chapelry there were fifty

233

Quakers, twenty Presbyterians, and thirty
Anabaptists. These figures may refer to
persons only.

108 Ibid, ii, 150, 151, where an account
is given of the attempt to recover a levy
for the curate's stipend in 1719.

104 This list is taken mainly from
Fishwick, op. cit. 182-8, where full
accounts of the incumbents will be found.

los The church papers at Chester begin
at this point.

lu' He was of Christ's College, Cam-
bridge, and became incumbent of Ha-
worth in Yorkshire. He was one of the
leading preachers of the Methodist revival
of the time. He died in 1763. There
is a notice of him in Diet. Nat. Biog.

108 Afterwards rector of Washington,
Durham.

109 Previously incumbent of Heap, Bury,
no Previously a vicar of St. James,

Heap ; Hon. Canon of Manchester.

111 For district see Lond. Gass. 4 July
1845. ua Notitia Cestr. ii, 153.

30

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The Congregationalists have a church at Todmor-
den.m

The Baptists have long held an influential position
in the Todmorden district ; they have several
churches. A meeting house was erected at Shore in
1777 for the General or Arminian Baptists.114

The Society of Friends also has long been estab-
lished here, the history going back to the 1 7th
century.

There is a Unitarian Church, built by Samuel,
John, and Joshua Fielden.

The small Roman Catholic church of St. Joseph
was opened in 1868.

In 1471 the Abbot of Whalley allowed the inhabi-
tants of Butterworth and Hundersfield the use of the
chapel which they had lately built at LITTLE-
BOROUGH, provided no injury was done to the
mother church of Rochdale.114 The inventory of
1552 shows that the chapel was but poorly fur-
nished.116 It was repurchased by the inhabitants for
4 or.117 A plan of the seating in 1556 has been pre-
served.118 In this place also there was no maintenance
for the curate beyond the contributions of the people,
but the list of curates is fairly continuous from I 58o.119
The Commonwealth Commissioners in 1650 recom-
mended that it should be made a parish church.110 In
1717 the inhabitants contributed £10 a. year for the
curate's stipend;1*1 and in 1747 a subscription was
made to meet a grant from Queen Anne's Bounty
which enabled a tenement in Shaw to be purchased.1"
The old building, having long been dangerous, was at
last pulled down, the present church of the Holy
Trinity being erected in 1820 on an adjacent site.123
It has since been enlarged by the addition of a chancel
in 1889. The vicar of Rochdale presents the in-
cumbents, who have been styled vicars since the
Vicarage Act of 1866. The following is an imper-
fect list of them since 1582 : — m

oc. 1582-93 William Greaves

oc. 1602 Richard Knowles

oc. 1 604 Joseph Marcroft115

oc. 1622 — Poston"6

oc. 1627 William Walker

oc. 1641 Robert Dunster

oc. 1647 Isaac Allen lfr

oc. 1649 Thomas Bradshaw, M.A. (Caius Coll.,

Camb.) lw

oc. 1669 Thomas Parry
oc. 1671 Thomas Guy
oc. 1694-6 Edmund Thornley, B.A. (Jesus Coll.,

Camb.)

1727 John Kippax
oc. 1730 Joseph Sutcliff
1745 John Keighley m
1769 Barton Shuttleworth, B.A.
1794 John Rutter
1816 Thomas Steele, B.A. (St. John's Coll.,

Camb.) 13°

1 845 Thomas Sturgess Mills
1864 Thomas Carter, M.A. (Queen's Coll.,

Oxf.)

1872 Alfred Salts, LL.D. (St. John's Coll,
Camb.)

The following additional churches have been
erected during the last century : St. John's, Small-
bridge, i834;m St. James' the Apostle, Wardle,
1858;"' St. James's, Calderbrook, 1870; St. An-
drew's, Dearnley, 1895 ; St. Barnabas', Shore,
1901. The vicar of Smallbridge presents to Wardle,
but the patronage of the others is vested in the
Bishop of Manchester, except that the present vicar
of Littleborough presents to Calderbrook during his
incumbency.

A school was built in 1700 near Pike House.133

The Wesleyans, Primitive Methodists, New Con-
nexion, and Free Methodists have churches at Little-
borough ; and the last-named have a church also at
Smithy Bridge.

The Congregationalists have churches at Little-
borough, Smallbridge, and Calderbrook.134

The Baptists have a church at Littleborough.

At the same place is the Roman Catholic church
of St. Mary of the Annunciation, founded in
l879.13S

118 The history begins in 1835 ; Patmos
Chapel, built for the Methodist New
Connexion in 1816, was purchased in
1 841. See B. Nightingale, Lanes. Noncon-
formity, iii, 279-81.

114 A. Taylor, Engl. Gen. Baptists, 179,
272, 389.

115 Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 132,
133 ; see the Pike House evidences in
Raines MSS. iv, 61, where a view of the
chapel in 1815 is given. An earlier
sketch (1770) may be seen in Fish wick,
Rochdale, 189.

116 Cb. Goods, 49 ; Robert Turnagh
served this chapel as well as Todmorden.
Bernard Hamer was priest there in 1547
and 1550, but was dead in 1554; ibid.
52. Roger Lynney is said to have been
the curate in 1517 ; Fishwick, op. cit.
195.

W The price named in Raines* Chan-
tries (277) is 131. 4</. The deed of sale
is in the Raines MSS. i, 203.

118 Printed by Fishwick, op. cit. 190,
191. An encroachment by James Halli-
well of Pike House, who brought in a
new seat, was defeated in 1628 ; Notitia
Cestr. ii, 133, 134.

119 John Chetham was curate in 1563,

but the name is erased in the 1565 list ;
Visitation Lists at Chester. Edmund
Hopwood, literate, was licensed as ' reader'
in 1576, so that there was probably no
ordained curate at that time ; Pennant's
Account-book. In 1610 the chapel was
among those ' maintained by the inhabi-
tants;' Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv,
12.

120 Common-w. Cb. Sur<v. p. 20. An
increase of ,£40 was given to the minister
in 1650 out of Lord Byron's sequestered
tithes ; Plund. Mint.Accts. \, 85.

m Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 1 3 5 ; it is stated
to have been fixed when the seats were
arranged in 1556, and to have been still
paid in 1849. In 1717 the chapel was
used for baptism, but the names were
entered in the parish church books, and
all surplice fees went to the vicar. The
registers of Littleborough begin in 1758.

122 See the subscribers' names, ibid.
135 note.

123 Fishwick, op. cit. 193, 194.

124 The list is taken mostly from Fish-
wick, op. cit., 196-201, where biographi-
cal notices may be seen.

135 Cited in 1611 for not wearing a
surplice, and in 1620 for not observing a

fast day ; Fishwick, op. cit. The will of
James Stott of Littleborough, was proved
before him in 1617; J. P. Earwaker's
note.

126 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 67.

127 Shaw, Bury Classis, 32, 209 ; he
was a preacher then, but ' unsettled."

128 Ibid. 215.

189 The church papers at Chester Dioc.
Reg. begin with him.

180 He compiled a hymn book in 1816,
which was extensively used in the dis-
trict.

181 Land. Gaa. 30 Nov. 1844, for
district.

132 Land. Gaz. n March 1859.

133 Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 137.

134 The history of that at Calderbrook
begins in 1823 ; a chapel, known as
Summit, was built in 1833. A church
was formed at Smallbridge in 1828; the
present building was opened in 1866.
At Littleborough a room was hired in
1869, and a chapel was built in 1876 ;
Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconformity, iii,
249.

135 Kelly, Engl. Cat A. Miss. 252.

234

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

GREAT BOLTON
LITTLE BOLTON
TONGE-WITH-

HAULGH
SHARPLES

LITTLE LEVER
DARCY LEVER
BREIGHTMET
HARWOOD
BRADSHAW

The ancient parish of Bolton has an area of 33,406
acres. A very large portion of it was formerly moor-
land, and much still remains in this condition in the
high lands in the northern half of the district. Of the
formation of the parish nothing is known. The lands
within it were in the I2th century held by three
distinct tenures, and as Lostock was intimately asso-
ciated with Rumworth, though the latter township
lies in another parish, it would appear that the
delimitation of the area, and the adhesion to Bolton
of the isolated portion — Blackrod and Lostock — goes
back to a remote period. On the other hand there
are indications that the township of Great Lever has
been separated from this parish to become part of the
manor-parish of Middleton.

For the old county lay, fixed in 1624, Bolton, to-
gether with the township of Aspull in Wigan, was
divided into six portions contributing equally, viz. : —
Bolton with its hamlets, Turton with Longworth,
Edgeworth with its hamlets, Harwood with its ham-
lets, Blackrod with Aspull, and Rivington, Angle-
zarke, and Lostock; each £i i^s. \\d. when the
hundred paid j^ioo.1 To the more ancient fifteenth
Bolton contributed 2 is. 8d. ; Turton, 1 5*. ; Edge-
worth, I2s. 6J. ; Harwood, izs. yd. ; Rivington, los. ;
Blackrod, \s. ; and Lostock was joined with Rum-
worth in I4/., out of £41 I4/. 4</. paid by the
hundred.1

Apart from the history of the town of Bolton, and
the manufacturing villages which have grown up
around it, there is nothing of historical interest to
narrate. With the exception of the Pilkingtons of
Rivington, the Bradshaws of Bradshaw, and the
Orrells of Turton, the local landowners of the medi-
aeval period were either non-resident or obscure.
' Lusty lads, liver and light,' from Bolton-le-Moors
are in an old ballad said to have fought at Flodden
under Sir Edward Stanley. After the Reformation s
the district became strongly Puritan, there being very
few openly avowed recusants,4 and it sided with the
Parliament in the Civil War. There was a visitation
of the plague in 1 62 3." Defoe, who visited the
district early in the 1 8th century, 'saw nothing re-
markable ' in the town of Bolton, but noticed that
the cotton manufacture had reached it ; the place did
not seem so flourishing and increasing as Manchester.6
The later history of the parish has been that of the
growth of its trade and the inventions — particularly

TURTON

EDGEWORTH

ENTWISLE

QUARLTON

LONGWORTH

RIVINGTON

ANGLEZARKE

BLACKROD

LOSTOCK

the local one of Crompton's mule — by which its
manufactures were able to develop to their present
magnitude.

The townships have (between 1894 and 1898) been
greatly altered by consolidations, and the old parish
now includes the following : Bolton, Little Lever,
Belmont, Turton, Edgeworth, Rivington, Anglezarke,
and Blackrod. The new township or civil parish of
Bolton includes not only the old Great and Little
Bolton, Tonge-with-Haulgh, Darcy Lever, Lostock, and
the southern end of Sharpies, but also a considerable
part of the adjacent parish of Deane.

The geological formation consists throughout the
parish of the Carboniferous Series. For some distance
around the town of Bolton the Coal Measures are in
evidence ; in the townships of Harwood, Bradshaw,
and the southern portions of Turton and Sharpies the
Lower Coal Measures, and in the remaining portions of
the parish the same series intermixed with the under-
lying Millstone Grit.

The agricultural land in the parish is at present
occupied as follows : Arable land, 1,369 acres ; per-
manent grass, 17,003 ; woods and plantations, 218.
Details are given thus : —

Bolton . . .
Bolton . . .
Astley Bridge .
Belmont
Bradshaw .
Edgeworth .
Entwisle
Harwood .
Longworth
Tonge .
Haulgh . . .
Turton .
Darcy Lever .
Little Lever .
Breightmet . .
Quarlton . .

Arable

.'59

6
i

30
1 1

18

i

2

'3
29

66

33

Grass

acres
78
4,124

963

I,H7
879

1,742

949
987

841

402

24

2,798
294

378
709
688

Woods,
&c.

94

3

29

7
'9

Many of the natives of the parish have achieved
distinction in one way or another. Of these some
are noticed in the accounts of the townships with
which they were connected. In addition the following

1 Gregson, Fragments (ed. Harland),

22.

2 Ibid. 1 8. Exactly the same town-
ships will be found in the r/ubsidy roll of
1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), 29, &c. It would seem that
Bolton included Great and Little Bolton,
Haulgh, Tonge, Breightmet, and Sharpies;
Turton included Longworth also ; Edge-
worth, Entwisle and Quarlton ; Har-

wood, Bradshaw ; and Rivington, Angle-
zarke. There seems nothing to show how
the Levers were assessed — probably with
Bolton.

8 The letters of George Marsh show
that there were a number of Protestants
in the Bolton district in 1554 ; Foxe's
Acts and Monts. (ed. Cattley), vii, 63, 66,
67.

4 The following in 1630-2 compounded

235

for the two-thirds of their estates which
should have been sequestered for recu-
sancy : Turton — Alice Orrell, £20 a year;
Blackrod — William Norris, ^2, and Mar-
garet Rogerley £4..

* Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 552 ; the
burials at Bolton in that year were nearly
500, or four to five times the average.

6 Tour Through Great Britain (ed.
1738), iii, 180.

236

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

have found places in the Dictionary of National Bio-
graphy : John Lodge, archivist, author of a Peerage of
Ireland; died 1774. Lawrence Holden, 17 10-78, was
a Nonconformist divine. Moses Holden, an astrono-
mer, was born at Bolton in 1777 ; he lived chiefly at
Preston, and died there in 1 864. John Henry Robin-
son, 1796-1871, was a line engraver. Sir Thomas
Bazley, born at Gilnow in 1797, was a cotton spin-
ner at Halliwell, making his factories models of good
order ; he was an earnest free trader, and represented
Manchester as a Liberal in Parliament from 1858 to
1880. He was made a baronet in 1869, and died in
1885. William Lassell, 1799-1880, astronomer.
John Clowes Grundy, 1806-67, print-seller and art
patron. Abraham Walter Paulton, 1812-76, was
educated at Stonyhurst for the priesthood, but became
a journalist and politician ; he died at Boughton
Hall, Surrey, in 1876. Marshall Claxton, 1813-81,
historical painter. Thomas S. Mort, 1816-78, was
one of the pioneers of commerce in New South Wales.
James Christopher Scholes, 1852—90, became an anti-
quary and genealogist ; his book on Bolton Church
has been used in the following account of its history.
The church of ST. PETER 7 stands
CHURCH on a steep eminence rising above the
River Croal at the end of Churchgate,
about 200 yards east of the old market-place,
and is a handsome building in the style of the I4th
century erected in 1867-71, at the charge of Peter
Ormrod.8 The former church, which stood on the
same site, then at the extreme end of the town, was a
low 15th-century building, consisting of chancel,
nave with north and south aisles, south porch, and
west tower.9 The windows of the clearstory were
square-headed, but most of the others had been
altered, except that at the east end of the chancel,
which had seven lights under a depressed arch. The
tower had an embattled parapet, but there were no
battlements to the nave. The south porch had been
rebuilt in 1 694, and the aisle walls bore evidence of
work of apparently the same date. The east end of
each aisle was inclosed by a screen, forming the Chet-
ham Chapel on the north and the Bradford Chapel
on the south side of the chancel, which contained
several good stalls with heraldic carving. The erection
of galleries in the i8th century, and their extension
over the chapels, had necessitated the raising of the
walls and roof of the chancel as high as the nave, their
distinction being thus lost on the outside. The aisle
walls had also been raised, and a second tier of square-

headed windows inserted to light the galleries. The
appearance of the church immediately before its
demolition was not such as to make its disappearance
a matter of much regret.10

The old church was taken down in 1866. During
the demolition several pre-Norman stones were found
under the tower, including a cross in three pieces."
There were also fragments of two other crosses, part
of another cross shaft, and two stones with rude
carvings, probably belonging to the 1 1 th century,
together with fragments of I2th and 13th-century
work,11 a sepulchral slab, a stone coffin, and the remains
of a recumbent female figure, apparently of the I4th
century, showing that at least two stone churches of
earlier date had existed on the same site.13

The present building,14 which was consecrated in
June 1871, consists of chancel of three bays 41 ft.
by 3 1 ft., with north and south aisles, north and south
transepts 2 5 ft. by 22 ft., nave of six bays 1 1 4 ft. by
33 ft. 3 in., with north and south aisles and lofty
clearstory,16 south porch, and tower on the north side
forming a porch below. It is a very good example
of modern Gothic work, and is built of Longridge
stone,16 the roofs being covered with green slates.
The tower, which is 1 80 ft. high to the top of the
vanes, has a square parapet and angle pinnacles, and
forms a fine feature at the end of the main street of
the town. The windows have all good tracery, that
at the east of the chancel being of seven lights, and
that at the west end of the nave of six.

In the chapel on the south side of the chancel are
preserved three of the stalls of the old church with
misericordes, one with the crest of the Bartons (acorn
between two oak leaves), another with that of the
Stanleys (eagle and child), and the third with an
angel holding a plain shield. The end of the third
stall has a poppy head, and is carved with two angels
holding a book.

An organ was first erected in 1795 ; it was greatly
enlarged in 1852 and replaced by another, which
included some of the old pipes, in 1 8 82."

One of the tablets in the church was placed there
by the townspeople to commemorate the bravery of
Robert Knowles, a Bolton man who distinguished
himself in the Peninsular War, and fell at the pass of
Roncesvalles, 25 July 1813.

The churchyard lies chiefly on the south side of
the church,18 and since 1903 has been a public
garden under the care of the corporation, who raised
the ground and put the flat gravestones out of sight.

7 An award by Lord Stanley in 1478
ordered certain money to be paid ' in the
church of St. Margaret of Bolton at St.
Margaret's altar ' ; Lever Chart. (Add.
MS. 32103), no. 190. Two of the old
bells bore invocations of St. Peter ; Ch.
Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 25.

8 This benefactor was a cotton manu-
facturer and banker of the town and lived
at Halliwell Hall. He died in 1875.

9 The tower was not central with the
nave, and was evidently part of an older
church, the nave of which had been pulled
down and widened about 1480. The tower
at the same time had been encased with
*tone. When the building was pulled
down in 1866 it was found that the outer
2 ft. of the tower walls was a later ad-
dition which easily came away, but the
inner part, 4ft. thick, was immensely
.strong, and of older date.

In 1693 the vicar wrote : 'Our chancel
is at present out of order, the floor upon
one level, the communion table standing
in the midst and no rails, and thus it has
been ever since the late wars ' ; Scholes
and Pimblett, Hist. ofSolton, 158. A de-
scription of the church as it was in 1764,
with an account of the custom as to the
repairing of the building, is printed in the
same work, p. 1 60.

10 Sir Stephen Glynne's description of
the church in 1843 ; Chet. Soc. Publ.
(new ser.), xxvii, 103. There is a fuller
description of the building, with illustra-
tions, in J. C. Scholes's Hist, of Bolton
(1892), 123-213.

11 The pieces have been reunited and
the cross erected inside the present
church, close to the door in the north
aisle. See V.C.H. Lanes, i, 264 ; Lanes,
and Cbes. Antiq. Soc. xxii, 144.

237

12 Four stones with lozenge pattern,
one with round billet, one with cheveron
(now lost), and part of a double Early
English cap (respond) with dog-tooth
moulding.

18 All these stones are now preserved
in a room in the tower, and are engraved
in Scholes's Hist, of Bolton, 125-9.

14 Designed by Mr. E. G. Paley.

16 Height of nave to apex of roof, 73 ft.
9 in.

18 The plain portions of the tower and
the lower part of the walls up to base-
course all round the church are of stone
from Bradshaw Quarry.

V Scholes, Bolton Ch. Organs (1882).

18 In 1714 the church was 'surrounded
on its south side by a vista of trees ;' Book
by ' A Traveller to the North ' (no title
stated), quoted by Whittle, Hist, of Bolton,
75, and by Scholes, op. cit. 141.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

It contains a monument to Samuel Crompton (died
1827), the inventor of the spinning-mule, who is
buried there. The oldest stone in sight previous to
the recent alterations was dated 1597."

There is a ring of eight bells, five by Henry
Bagley of Ecton, Northampton, 1699, and three by
John Rudhall of Gloucester, 1806. The tenor bell
has the motto, " I to the Church the living call, and
to the grave doe summon all," and all have the
name of the founder and date.

The plate consists of two patens of 1710, made by
Richard Richardson of Chester, inscribed, ' This with
another salver (A.D. 1 7 1 2) of a chalice given to Bolton
church by Mr. John Seede, of London, A.D. 1655 ';
two chalices of 171 1, also of Chester make, inscribed,
'This and another chalice new made 1712 of a
chalice given by Mr. Nath. Hulton, of London, to
the parish of Boulton, Anno Dom. 1 677 ' ;10 a credence
paten of 1713, with the mark of John Edwards,
London; two flagons of 1716, inscribed, 'Hoc est
Alterum Dono donavit Thomas Marsden, Armiger,
1716,' with the mark of John Fawdery ; an alms-
dish of 1870, Birmingham make, given by Eliza wife
of Peter Ormrod, in 1 87 1 ; two silver-gilt chalices and
patens of 1883, Birmingham make, the chalices in-
scribed ' Dedicated to the glory of God for the service
of the parish church of Bolton by Henry Powell,
vicar, St. Peter's Day 1884'; and a small visiting
chalice of 1890.

There is also a beadle's staff with silver envelope
and mountings, inscribed with the names of the
borough-reeve and constable, 1812, and the arms of
the family of Bolton and Bolton.

The registers begin in 1587. There are tran-
scripts at Chester of the years 1573-4. They were in
part printed in a local newspaper about 1883.

The tithe maps are kept in the vestry."03

The churchwardens' accounts date from 1656.

Humphrey Chetham left money for a church library,
and some of the books are now at the grammar school.21
The church of Bolton appears to
ADVQWSQN have been given by the lord of the
manor at an early date to the Gil-
bertine priory of Mattersey or Marsey, in Notting-
hamshire, which was founded by Roger de Marsey
before 1192.*'* The prior's right to the advowson
was formally acknowledged in 1236," but a few years
later the church was surrendered to the Bishop of
Lichfield, the prior and convent reserving the right
to present the vicars and receiving an annual payment
of £10 down to the Dissolution." The bishop
founded a Bolton prebend in the cathedral of Lich-
field, and annexed it to the archdeaconry of Chester ;
a small payment was also made to the vicars choral.14
This arrangement continued until the see of Chester
was formed by Henry VIII in 1541 ; the revenues
of the archdeaconry, including the rectory of Bolton,
were appropriated to the endowment of the bishopric,*5
to which the right of presenting the vicar was also
given.16 On the establishment of the bishopric of
Manchester in 1847 the rectory was transferred to
the new see.17

On the foundation of the prebend at Lichfield a
rent of £10 was reserved to the vicar of the church,
who was also to have a suitable dwelling-house.*3 In
addition there were surplice fees, but in 1718 the

19 Scholes, Hist, of Bolton, 192.

90 The inscription on both the patens
and chalices is misleading, in indicating
that they were made in 1712, whereas the
date-letters are those of Chester for 1710
and 1711. The pieces may have been in
stock and given in exchange for the older
vessels.

K* Information of Mr. W. A. Bridson,
parish clerk.

91 Old Lanes. Libraries (Chet. Soc.), 50.
Sla Dugdale, Man. vii, 965.

99 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 75 ; the rector had probably
died recently, and William, Earl Ferrers,
and Agnes his wife claimed the presenta-
tion, as representing Randle, Earl of Ches-
ter, -who had purchased all the Marsey
estate in Lancashire.

The name of an early rector has been
preserved, ' Henry, parson of Bolton,'
being witness to a grant by the Prior of
Birkenhead probably near the beginning
of the 1 3th century, ' David, priest of
Eccles,' being another witness ; Towne-
ley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), L, 525
Bracton's Note Bk. 130 (1222).

A writ to the sheriff De tii la'ica amo-
•venda was issued in 1247-8 ; Close, 62,
m. 13 d.

38 The grant by the Master of the Gil-
bertines and the Prior and convent of
Marsey, made in 1252, has been printed,
with other documents from the Lichfield
Registers, by Scholes and Pimblctt, op.
cit. 93, &c. For the rent of £10 see
Dugdale, Man. vii, 966.

94 The foundation of the prebend, with
the simultaneous ordination of a vicarage
at Bolton, is dated 31 March 1253. The
archdeacon was to pay to the priory the
above-mentioned rent of £10 ; to the
church of Lichfield 1001. a year, in 'aug-

mentation of the daily distribution of the
vicar ministering in the same church ' ;
and to the vicar of Bolton £10. The
new arrangement was to come into effect
on the death or resignation of the then
rector ; Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 94.
Confirmation was obtained from the chap-
ters of Lichneld and Coventry, and from
the pope ; ibid. 95, 96. An apparently
earlier record of this prebend of Bolton
may be otherwise explained ; see Dugdale,
Man. viii, 1257, 1258.

Accordingly, in 1291, the prebend of
Bolton in Lichfield Cathedral was taxed
at £13 6s. 8</., as held by the Archdea-
con of Chester, and Bolton was omitted
from the churches of the deanery of Man-
chester ; Pope Nich. Tax. (Rec. Com.), 244.

In 1 305 the tithes seem to have been
farmed out for £36 191.; this included
71. for ' the fourth part of Lever,' per.
haps Great Lever, in which township the
church had a grant of land ; Scholes and
Pimblett, op. cit. 97, 98.

The church was in 1341 stated to be
untaxed because it was annexed to the
archdeaconry of Chester, but the value of
the ninth of sheaves, &c., was returned as
£8 1 6s. 8</., viz. : From Bolton, 5 3*. 4.0". ;
Harwood with Bradshaw, 30*. ; Edge-
worth with Entwisle, 8*. ; Turton, 241. ;
Little Lever, 101. 8</. ; Lostock, 51. ;
Blackrod, 261. 8</. ; Anglezarke, 2s. S./. ;
Longworth, 31.4^.; and Rivington, 131.;
Inq. Non. (Rec. Com.), 39.

The value of the prebend was estimated
at £13 6s. $d. in 1535, and the £5 paid
to the vicars choral appears ; Valor Eccl.
(Rec. Com.), v, 226 ; iii, 132, 136. In
1529 the archdeacon, William Knight,
agreed to lease the rectory for sixty years
to Alexander Lever for ,£40, the accus-
ome d rent to be paid, but the bargain fell

238

through ; Duchy of Lane. Plead, xxix,
L 2 (printed by Scholes and Pimblett, op.
cit. 101-3). I'1 I539 the rectory was
leased to Thurstan Tyldesley for sixty
years at a rent of £26, the lessee also pay.
ing the pensions to the vicar of Bolton and
the vicars choral of Lichfield ; ibid. 104.

25 Ibid. 1 06. In 1609 the bishop leased
the rectory to James Anderton of Lostock,
the old rent of £26 being payable. In
1670 Sir Orlando Bridgeman secured a
lease, the full clear profits to go to the
vicar of Bolton, and Sir John Bridgeman
had a similar lease in 1698 ; the same
family continued to hold the rectory
similarly until recently. The Ecclesiastical
Commissioners in 1840 came into posses-
sion of this and other episcopal estates,
and from the expiry of the last lease have
had the whole benefit of the rectory. Full
details are given by Scholes and Pimblett,
op. cit. 108-22. See also Common-wealth
Cb. Surv. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.)
30-4, giving the value in 1650.

98 The bishop was patron in 1 543 ;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 242.

9< That is, the rectory is held by the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners for the bene-
fit of the bishopric ; and the bishop pre.
sents to the vicarage.

98 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 94. The
vicar was to be ' a fit priest ' ; he was
obliged to reside, having entire charge of
the parish, and was to have a chaplain and
other necessary ministers. The stipend
of £10 and 31. as the value of the house
and garden are the only income recorded
m !S35 5 Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v,
226. In 1650 the vicar received about
£9 from the sequestrators of the rectory,
and £3 from the glebe land and six little
cottages thereon, besides having the use of
the house ; Common-wealth Cb. Sur-v. 30.

BOLTON : OLD PARISH CHURCH, TAKEN DOWN 1866

(From a Photograph in the possession of the Bolton Corporation)

BOLTON: MARKET PLACE IN 1816

(From a Water-colour Draivtng in the fossession of the Bol/m Corporation)

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

certified income was only £36.™ By a lease of the
rectory granted in 1 740 the pension of the vicar was
raised from £10 to £36, and a sub-lease of the whole

estate was made to the vicar.*0 More recently the Earl
of Bradford endowed the vicarage with £100 a year/1
and the annual value is now stated to be £770"

The following is a list of the vicars : —

Institution

oc. 1292 .
oc. 1302, 1310

30 Sept. 1320
1 6 Oct. 1334.

12 Oct. 1351.
25 Nov. 1373
oc. 1436 . .

— Nov. 1469
oc. 1474 . .

19 Jan. 1503-4
c. 1514 . .

20 Oct. 1556

c. 1560 . .

7 Aug. 1582

10 June 1594

— 1595 . .
29 Sept. 1598

Name

Patron

Alexander M
Randle » .
Ralph S6

Richard de Warton 37 Prior of Marsey

Thomas Azari S8 „

Thomas de Prestwold w

Randle de Bolton 40 Prior of Marsey ,

Henry de Smetheley 4l . . . . „

John de Coventry"

William Parsyvall a Prior of Marsey ,

Giles Lever 44

James Smetheley4* Prior of Marsey

James Bolton 46 „ ' ,

Thomas Pendlebury 47 H. Ditchfield, &c.

Edward Cockerell 4S

Alexander Smith 49 Bernard Anderton

John Albright, M.A. M . . . . Bishop of Chester .

Zacharias Saunders, M.A.51 . . .

Ellis Saunderson, M.A.M .... Bishop of Chester ,

Cause of Vacancy

d. Ralph

res. R. de Warton

d. T. de Prestwold
d. Randle

res. J. de Coventry
d. G. Lever

d. J. Bolton

d. Ed. Cockerell
d. A. Smith
res. J. Albright
res. Z. Saunders

89 Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 6 ; the amount
was thus made up : — House and glebe,
£10 ; pension, £10 ; chief rents, 1 51. $d.\
and surplice fees, £i 5 6s. 8</. The clear
profits of the rectory, which by the lease
of 1670 were to go to the vicar, are not
accounted for ; but a statement drawn up
about the same time shows that they
were worth over £40 clear ; Scholes and
Pimblett, op. cit. 114. Some twenty
years later, however, the value is given
as £167 IQS. ; ibid. 116.

A terrier compiled in 1696 is printed in
the same work, 118.

80 Ibid. 117. "Ibid. izi.

83 Mane ft. Dioc. Dir. 1910.

83 There is an excellent account of the
vicars in Scholes and Pimblett's work.

84 Robert de Gidlow was in 1292 non-
suited in a claim against Alexander, vicar
of Bolton, concerning certain of his
chattels which had been seized ; Assize R.
408, m. 54.

84 He occurs in deeds in the Lever
Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103), no. 76, 79.

86 He may be the same as Randle.

•7 Lich. Epis. Reg. i, fol. 88. He was a
priest. In 1334 he became rector of
Prestwich.

88 Ibid, ii, fol. 1 10 ; a priest.

89 He may be identical with Thomas
Azari.

40 Lich. Epis. Reg. ii, fol. 129. He is
called a chaplain.

41 Ibid, iv, fol. 86i ; a priest. His
predecessor had died on the Saturday before
All Saints' Day. A Robert de Lostock is
mentioned as vicar of Bolton in 1360, but
probably it was of some other place of
that name ; Kuerden MSS. iii, W i, no.
66.

Henry de Smetheley was still vicar in
1411 ; Add. MS. 32104, no. 1209; also
in 1419 ; Pal. of Lane. Chan. Misc.
bdle. i, file 14.

43 Lever Chartul. in an unnumbered
deed (14 Hen. VI), between no. 207 and
no. 208. In 1445 he was in mercy for
various defaults ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
8, m. ii.

There appears to have been a dispute
over his appointment, for a deed of 1461
among the Weld-Blundell muniments
states that the Heaton family had received
a corrody or livery from Marsey Priory on
renouncing their claim to the patronage
of Bolton Church, and that on the death
of one Robert Heaton the prior had made
terms with the heir by which the corrody
was resigned and John Coventry was
allowed to have the vicarage; CA. Gdi.
1552 (Chet Soc.), 29.

49 Lich. Epis. Reg. xii, fol. 104^ ; a
chaplain.

44 He occurs as vicar in a Rivington
deed of the year 1474 (?) ; Towneley
MS. GG, no. 1717 ; also in a Weld-
Blundell deed of 1486 ; Church Gds. 29;
and in the same year he was a witness to
the will of John Hulton of Farnworth ;
Wills (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 27.

43 Lich. Epis. Reg. xiii-xiv, fol. 53 ; a
chaplain. He was still vicar in April
1513, when he was one of the feoffees of
John Barton of Smithills ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 82. James Bolton
appears to have succeeded by 1516, when
the will was made ; ibid.

46 In 1523 it was stated that James
Bolton, priest, had been vicar for ten
years, having been nominated by the
Prior of Marsey ; Scholes and Pimblett,
op. cit. 240. His name occurs also in the
Valor of 1535 (v, 220), as well as in the
lists of 1541-2, 1548, and 1554. Parti-
culars of his suits of the last date respect-
ing tithes are printed in Scholes and Pim-
blett, loc. cit. A James Bolton was at
Cambridge in 1503-4 ; Grace Bk. B.
(Luard Mem.), 192.

*' Church P. at Chest. Dioc. Reg. The
bishop in 1543 granted the next presenta-
tion to George Wilmesley and Richard
Smith, two of his officials, who next year
transferred it to Hamnet Ditchfield of
Chester, John Whitby, a vicar choral of
St. John's Chester, and Richard Falkner,
priest-chanter of the same church ; see
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 242-5.

Thomas Pendlebury was ordained

239

priest in 1 544 ; W. F. Irvine, Or Jin. Bk.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 56.

48 He was vicar in 1563, but at the
time of the visitation was absent, ' with
the Bishop of Durham ' ; Visit. List ; see
also Ches. Sheaf (ser. 3),!, 34. Ten years
later it was reported that he had a pension
of j£5 6s. %d. out of the late monastery of
Gisburn (Guisborough), and another of
£6 out of the late college of Bishop
Auckland, and dwelt at Bolton ; Ch.
Gdi. 25. It thus appears that he had
been an Austin Canon ; Ord, Cleveland,
192. Robert Lever, by his will of Aug.
1551, bequeathed 'unto the vicar of Bol-
ton, Edward Cockerell, 31. 4</., to pray for
me' ; frills (Chet. Soc. new sen), i, 221 ;
but the date seems erroneous.

49 Act Bks. at Chester. Smith paid
first-fruits on 14 Feb. 1583-4 ; Lanct.and
Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
410. He was 'a preacher,' but not 'pain-
ful ' ; S.P. Dom. Eliz. xxxi, 47. He was
buried in the church 28 Dec. 1593 ; his
wife followed on 10 May 1600.

*° Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 248.
He was of Christ's College, Cambridge,
and then of Magdalene ; M.A. 1588. He
became a vicar choral of Christ Church,
Dublin, in 1595, and Dean of Raphoe in
1603 ; Cooper, Athenae Cantab, ii, 527.

" He was of St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, and appointed master of Rivington
School in 1589 ; Baker, Hist. St. John's
Coll. (ed. Mayor), 1,431. He paid first-
fruits 10 July 1595 ; Lanes, and Ches.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
411.

M He paid first-fruits 17 Feb. 1598-9 ;
ibid. He graduated at Oxford (Brasenose
College), M.A., 1592 ; Foster, Alumni.
He was a native of Breightmet, and in
religion a resolute Puritan. A full account
of his career is given in Scholes and Pim-
blett, op. cit. 252-6, where a summary of
his will is also given.

On 9 Aug. 1607 a licence was granted
for the marriage of Ellis Saunderson, vicar
of Bolton, and Margery Battersby of
Bolton parish.

Institution

1 6 Dec. 1625
27 Nov. 1630

— 1644 . .
25 Nov. 1657

— 1662 . .
10 Aug. 1671
16 June 1673

I Dec. 1691
14 Sept. 1721
23 Nov. 1737

4 May 1789
27 Nov. 1793

9 Mar. 1 8 1 1
23 Sept. 1817

7 Feb. 1857

— 1887 . .

— 1896 . .
21 Jan. 1902.

— 1909 . .

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Name Patron

Robert Parke i3 Bishop ot Chester . .

William Gregge M „ ...

John Harpur55 Parishioners

Richard Goodwin, M.A." . . . Trustees

Robert Harpur57 Bishop of Chester . .

Michael Stanford, M.A.58 .... „ ...

John Lever59 „ ...

Peter Haddon, M.A.60 „ ...

Thomas Morrall, M.A.61 .... „ ...

Edward Whitehead, M.A.6S ... „ ...

Jeremiah Gilpin, M.A.63 .... „ ...

Thomas Bancroft, M.A.64 .... „ ...

John Brocklebank, B.D.65 .... „ ...

James Slade, M.A.66 „ ...

Henry Powell 67 Bishop of Manchester .

James Augustus Atkinson, M.A.68 . „

Edwyn Hoskyns, M.A.69 ... „

Henry Henn, M.A.70 ...... „

Thomas Alfred Chapman, B.D. . „ .

Cause of Vacancy
d. E. Saunderson
res. R. Parke
d. W. Gregge
d. J. Harpur
ejec. R. Goodwin
res. R. Harpur
res. M. Stanford
d. J. Lever
d. P. Haddon
d. T. Morrall
d. E. Whitehead
d. J. Gilpin
d. T. Bancroft
res. J. Brocklebank
res. J. Slade
res. H. Powell
res. J. A. Atkinson
prom. E. Hoskyns
prom. H. Henn

58 A native of Bolton, and educated at
Emmanuel College, Cambridge, he became
a Nonconformist, and took refuge in Hol-
land in 1630 ; he returned to Bolton in
1 644 and was appointed lecturer, but ex-
pelled in 1662, after which he continued
to minister to the Nonconformists of the
district ; Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit.
257-61. There is also a notice of him in
Diet. Nat. Biog.

The institutions from this time have
been compared with the list in Lanes, and
Cbet. Antiq. Notes from the Institution
Bks. P.R.O.

64 He was probably the William Gregge
of Brasenose College, Oxford, who gradu-
ated as B.A. in 1622 ; Foster, Alumni.
This vicar seems to have been appointed
to restore some sort of discipline in the
parish, a large number of excommunica-
tions taking place in the early years of
his ministry. He died at the beginning
of 1 644. The church was then desecrated,
being used as a military store-house ; see
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 261-4. For
pedigree, Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby),ii,34.

55 He had been lecturer for some years.
He was a Puritan, and appointed vicar
by the election and consent of the people ;
he was ' a man of able parts and a godly
preaching minister," constantly preaching
on Sundays, &c., but had not observed
the fast appointed by Parliament in
1650 ; Commonwealth Ck. Surv. 30 ;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 265-9. He
signed the 'Harmonious Consent* in
1648 as 'pastor of Bolton.'

56 He was admitted on a presentation
from the Trustees for the Maintenance of
Ministers ; Plund. Mins. Accts. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 173, 208. He was
of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, and al-
though ordained deacon ' after the Epis-
copal manner,' became a zealous adherent
of the Presbyterian discipline. He refused
to conform to the Prayer Book on the
Restoration, and as the parishioners re-
fused to pay Easter dues when the Lord's
Supper was not celebrated, the farmer of
the rectory complained to the bishop. He
was expelled from the vicarage in Aug.
1662, and continued his labours undei
difficulties among the persecuted Noncon-
formists ; Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit.
269-75. He signed the ' Harmonious
Consent' in 1648 as 'minister of the
Gospel at Bolton,' and was described by
the 1650 Commissioners in the same
terms as John Harpur.

*' He was also lecturer, and seems to
have had a troubled course ; Scholes and
Pimblett, op. cit. 275, 320.

48 Ibid. 276. He was a fellow of
Christ's College, Cambridge ; M.A. 1661.
He left Bolton for Aldingham in Fur-
ness.

89 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 276-8;
he built the vicarage house. At the Re-
volution he was ' conformable ' ; Hist.
MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 228.

60 He graduated at Oxford (Wadham
College and Hart Hall), M.A. 1687, and
became vicar of Wolston, Warwick, his
native place, in 1680 ; Foster, Alumni.
*,A worthy, pious, and learned man,' ac-
cording to the entry in the register. He
was a cousin of Bishop Cartwright and
had acted as his chaplain. In his time
two galleries were erected, and other
alterations and repairs made in the church;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 278, 142.

61 He was of St. John's College, Ox-
ford, and then of All Souls ; M.A. 1699 ;
Foster, Alumni.

The work of restoring the church
fabric was continued by him, and a
chapel of ease was built in Little Bolton ;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 279. Ju-
dith, his daughter and heir, married
Richard Rothwell, rector of Sefton, and
died in 1756, aged twenty-five; Manch.
School Reg. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 49.

62 A Memoir of this vicar by James C.
Scholes was printed at Bolton in 1889.
He was educated at Balliol College, Ox-
ford ; M.A. 1736. He had a dispute with
the parishioners in 1764 as to the liability
to repair the chancel. He was made a
justice of the peace in 1766, and a king's
preacher in 1780 ; Scholes and Pimblett,
op. cit. 280, 157 ; a portrait is given.

68 He was educated at St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge; M.A. 1777. He was
also curate of Broughton-in-Furness.

64 He was one of the most distinguished
vicars of Bolton, and has a memoir in
Diet. Nat. Biog. He was educated at
Manchester School and Brasenose College,
Oxford, but failed to obtain a fellowship ;
M.A. 1784. He was appointed head
master of the King's School, Chester.
The story of his romantic marriage, and
of his works as author and vicar, is given
in Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 283-96,
where there is also a portrait. Mr. Ban-
croft was one of the high churchmen of
the time, and controverted the Calvinism
of the Evangelical party.

24.O

65 He was of Pembroke College, Cam-
bridge ; B.D. 1814. He left Bolton to
become rector of Teversham, near Cam-
bridge, remaining there from 1817 till
his death in 1843, holding also the bene-
fices of Melbourne and Willingham in
succession.

66 Educated at Emmanuel College,
Cambridge, of which he became fellow ;
M.A. 1807. He was appointed canon of
Chester in 1816 by his father-in-law, the
Bishop of Chester, and next year ex-
changed the rectory of Teversham for
Bolton with Mr. Brocklebank, and soon
after was made one of the king's preachers.
He held other benefices, being rector of
West Kirby in Cheshire from 1829 till
his death in 1860. He was a moderate
Evangelical, and an active and liberal
man, who earned the esteem of the in-
habitants generally ; Scholes and Pimblett,
op. cit. 288-307. He published sermons,
&c. There is a notice of him in Diet.
Nat. Biog.

67 He was educated at the Church Mis-
sionary College, London, and was from
1837 to 1844 a missionary in Ceylon.
He was vicar of Bispham from 1851 to
1857. The rebuilding of Bolton Church
took place while he was vicar. He was
appointed to an honorary canonry at
Manchester in 1868; see Scholes and
Pimblett, op. cit. 307-10. He be-
came rector of Eaglescliffe, Durham, in
1886.

68 He is a son of James Atkinson,
translator of the Shah Ndmeh of Firdausi,
and was educated at Eton and at Exeter
College, Oxford ; M.A. 1856. He was
incumbent of Hollinwood, Oldham, from
1858 to 1861, when he was appointed
rector of St. John's, Longsight. In 1884
he was made an honorary canon of Man-
chester. He became vicar of Gedney in
1896 and of St. Michael's, Coventry, in
1900. He has written a biography of his
predecessor, Canon Slade.

69 Educated at Jesus College, Cam-
bridge ; M.A. 1880 ; was rector of Step-
ney 1886 to 1896 ; hon. canon of Man-
chester 1899 ; consecrated Bishop of
Burnley 1901 ; translated to Southwell
1904.

'° The date is that of induction. Canon
Henn was educated at Trinity Hall, Cam-
bridge, of which he was a fellow ; M.A.
1884. Honorary canon of Manchester
1903. Bishop suffragan of Burnley from
1909.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

The stipend assigned to the vicarage was a liberal
one when it was fixed, but as time went on the
income from fees and offerings probably became more
important. It was contemplated from the first that
the vicar should have at least one assistant, and the
later foundations of a chantry at Blackrod and of
chapels in other parts of the parish assisted in the
increase of the staff of resident clergy. In 1541-2, in
addition to the vicar, his curate, and the chantry
priest, three names appear on the list.71 Possibly there
were others, for in 1548 eight were summoned to the
bishop's visitation, and the same number in 15 54.™
The subsequent religious changes were accompanied
by a marked reduction in the staff; in 1563 the
vicar was absent, as also was the curate of Rivington,
the curate of Turton was decrepit, and the only other
name recorded is that of the curate of Walmsley.
Two years later the vicar was^assisted by a * reader' ;
the curates of Turton and Walmsley are the others
named, the former being ill and the latter apparently
on the point of leaving.73

The extremer forms of Protestantism prevailed very
quickly in the parish.74 In 1592 there was no sur-
plice even, but, in obedience to the bishop, one was
purchased and worn by the vicar.75 Ellis Saunderson,
vicar from 1598 to 1625, was one of the Puritan
ringleaders in the district.76 He was a preacher him-
self, and had the assistance of a lecturer paid by the
parishioners, and the chapels at Rivington and Turton

were both ' well supplied with ministry ' in his time.77
A further improvement in the number of the staff was
shown in 1650, when there were not only the vicar
and endowed lecturer at the parish church, but
ministers at each of the chapels at Turton, Bradshaw,
Blackrod, and Rivington, though Walmsley Chapel
was vacant.78

There was probably a relapse after the ejection of
Richard Goodwin in 1662, sequestered ' delinquents' '
estates having ceased to furnish incomes for a large
staff of preaching ministers.79 Nonconformity at the
same time made its appearance.80 In 1 69 1 the vicar,
his curate, and the curate of Turton were the only
clergy appearing at the visitation ; Rivington about
that time seems to have been vacant frequently.81
During the 1 8th century the growth of the population
and the augmentation of the benefice appear to have
been accompanied by a better and larger staff of
clergy,8* and in the last century great additions were
made to the number of churches and their ministers.

The ' chapel of our Blessed Lady ' is named in a
will dated I539,83 and the 'chapel of Jesus' in
1581 ; M but there was no endowed chantry at the
parish church.

In 1622 a lectureship was partially endowed by
the Rev. James Gosnell, who had himself acted as
curate or preacher at Bolton for forty years.85 He
was a decided Puritan, and his benefaction was
towards the yearly stipend of £30 of ' a preacher,

7* Clergy List (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 13 ; the three were probably
chaplains at Bradshaw, Rivington, and
Turton.

7s The list of ornaments of the church
remaining in 1552, which included five
suits of mass vestments, is printed in
Cb. Gets. 23. The inscriptions on the
old bells are given ; ibid. 25.

7s These details are from the Visitation
Lists in the Diocesan Registry, Chester.

74 Bolton was one of the places in
which John Bradford preached in the time
of Edward VI.

75 W. Fergusson Irvine in Lanes, and
Cbet. Antiq. Soc. xiii, 59 ; the only chapel
of ease mentioned is Blackrod.

7' Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 253,
254 ; he was in 1605 presented for 'not
residing in the parish, for not wearing a
cloak or cassock, for not going the peram-
bulation, and for marrying in private
houses.' Four people of the town were
at the Visitation of 1623-4 presented for
killing flesh and exposing -the same for
sale in Lent ; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
xxii, 196.

77 Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 1 1.

?8 Commonwealth Ch. Surv, 30-6.

7* The people of the district remained
attached to Presbyterianism. In reply to
the Bishop of Chester's inquiries in 1665
it was stated that the church was in
• indifferent good repair,' but the chancel
was not evenly flagged, and the commu-
nion table was not railed about. There
was a chalice with covering (the gift of a
Londoner), a flagon, and two pewter
plates, but more communion plate was
required. There was a stone font. The
only vestment was 'a surplice, as is
required.' The vicarage and churchyard
•were not in good condition. Interesting
are the replies as to the vicar's conduct :
'He doth usually every Lord's Day call
upon parents to prepare their children and
servants and send them to be catechised.
He catechised all that will come and would

prepare them for confirmation if their
parents would give way. He laboureth
to bring sectaries to the true religion.
He is orthodox in doctrine and of a blame-
less conversation.' A list of excommuni-
cated persons is given,and one of those not
attending church. No terrier existed. An
account of the charities is given ; Con-
sist. Ct. Rec. Chester.

80 In 1665 it was reported to the Bishop
of Chester that Humphrey Jones, clerk, a
Nonconformist, prayed at the house of
Richard Heywood in Little Lever ; and
that Oliver and Nathaniel Heywood,
Nonconformist ubiquitaries, preached
there ; Visit. P. at Chester.

In 1666 the Common Prayer Book was
stolen from the parish church, torn in
pieces, and thrown into the street channel;
and a Royalist magistrate like Sir Roger
Bradshagh felt it necessary to keep a
' strict eye ' on Bolton, as holding ' the
same principles they had in the Rebellion';
Pal. Note Bk.

81 Stratford's Visitation List. In 1671
it was presented at the Visitation that
the church windows were defective and
the great chancel walls decayed ; there
was only one chalice, so that another had
to be borrowed every sacrament ; there
were wanting a pulpit cloth, a book of
canons, and a book for recording the
names of ' strange preachers.'

In 1724 each of the six townships gave
a churchwarden to the parish, the consent
of the vicar being required in each elec-
tion ; Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 1 1.

82 Among the Chester Consistory Court
Records is a return concerning Bolton,
made in 1730. The church, churchyard,
and vicarage were in good condition ; a
true terrier was safely kept. The vicar
was resident, but had a living in another
diocese. The curate was licensed, and
had £30 a year. There was ' no place
in our parish where papists resorted to
hear mass. Dissenters were very numer-
ous, but qualified with a teacher' accord-

241

ing to the Toleration Act. There were
five consecrated chapels, all supplied by
curates : — Rivington (patrons, the people),
Blackrod (vicar), Walmsley (vicar), Tur-
ton (Samuel Chetham), and Bradshaw
(Henry Bradshaw). The churchwardens
were elected by the joint consent of vicar
and parishioners, and made ' due provision
for each communion on the first Sunday
in every month.'

88 frills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 221.
In 1541 Robert Bolton of Little Bolton
and others assembled and broke the chapel
of Ralph Ashton in Bolton Church, called
Our Lady's Chapel ; Pal. of Lane. Writs
of Assize, Lent, 33 Hen. VIII. It was
that on the south aisle of the chancel,
later known as the Bridgeman or Bradford
Chapel.

** Will* (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i, 85 ;
the north chapel, belonging to the owners
of Turton — Orrell and Chetham.

84 This account of the lectureship and
its founders is taken from Scholes and
Pimblett's work, pp. 312-40, where a
list of the lecturers is given. Mr. Gos-
nell, it appears, though ' persuaded the
religion now [1622] established in this
kingdom to be, concerning the substance
of the articles of the doctrine of faith and
sacraments, the only true religion of God
by which men shall be saved,' was quite
unyielding in 'the matter of formality,'
and had consequently been several times
censured by the bishop. In a letter
written soon after he settled at Bolton he
says: 'Here [in Lancashire] are great
store of Jesuits, seminaries, masses, and
plenty of whoredom. The first sort our
sheriff [probably SirE. Traffbrd, 1583-4]
courseth pretty well. Other good news
is that the Bishop of Canterbury has not
yet, God be thanked, stung us with his
articles, which in the south parts have so
great power that, by report, they have
quenched the Lord's lights nearly to the
number of 200'; op. cit. 323, 324;
Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 10.

3*

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

distinct from the vicar of Bolton, to preach in the
parish church upon every Lord's Day and Monday.'
Notwithstanding the proviso quoted, the vicar of
Bolton has several times been lecturer also. An in-
crease of stipend was secured by a bequest of 8 acres
of land by William Hulme, ' the benefactor,' in 1 69 1 .
The lecturers, who appear to have been usually nomi-
nated by the vicar, often acted as curates of Walmsley
Chapel. In the last century the value of the 8 acres
of the Hulme bequest very greatly increased, and in
1858 the Master of the Rolls sanctioned a scheme
by which the salary of the lecturer was limited to
£150 a year, the remainder being used for other
ecclesiastical purposes. The lecturer is appointed by
the vicar and the trustees of the Lectureship Estate. Ka
The endowed charities of Bolton
CHARITIES are numerous and important.86 For
churches and chapels over £2,100 a
year is distributed, the principal charity being the
lectureship already mentioned. For schools £7,400
is available, including the grammar schools at Bolton

and Rivington and Farn worth High Style School,
Dr. and Mrs. Chadwick's Infant Orphan Asylum,
founded 1868, with an income of £2,266,** and
Eden's Orphanage, founded 1872, with £ 1,75s-88
Medical relief and nursing charities have £1,450 a
year, the greater part of which b the endowment of
the Blair Hospital in Turton.69 In addition about
£550 a year is given to the poor in money or in kind.
In nearly every case 90 the endowments are applicable
to particular townships or parts of the parish. For
Great and Little Bolton the principal charities are
those of Thomas Greenhalgh,91 Stephen Blair,9* and
John Popplewell.93 Mrs Lum's almshouses are for
widows and spinsters.94 For Great Bolton there are
endowments for cloth for the poor and for money
doles,95 and the same is the case in Little Bolton,96
while for Breightmet there is a coal charity.97 For
the poor of Tonge, Haulgh, and Darcy Lever is the
charity of Lawrence Brownlow, founded to secure a
supply of corn during scarcity, but distributed in
blankets and cloth.98 For Rivington's poor Alice Lowe

8sa The new scheme for utilizing the
lecturer's endowment is printed in Scholes
and Pimblett's work, and the End. Char.
Ref. for Bolton County Borough, 1904,
pp. 65-70. About £1,000 a year is dis-
tributed from the fund ; the gross income
is much more.

86 For the older charities see Gastrell,
Notitia, ii, 15, 17, 22, 25. The summary
and notes here given are from the End.
Char. Rep. for Bolton County Borough,
1904, and for the rest of the parish, also
1904 ; in these reports is reprinted the
report made by the Charity Commis-
sioners in 1828.

87 The buildings are situated in Haulgh.
The orphanage is primarily for girls, fifty
being maintained at once ; the religious
instruction usually was to be ' upon Pro-
testant principles in conformity with the
Church of England '; each girl on leaving
receives an outfit costing about £10.

88 Founded by James Eden of Lytham,
who died in 1874. The building is in
Little Bolton, and provides for fifty boys
and about thirty girls ; the religious in-
struction was to be upon Protestant prin-
ciples.

89 This hospital was founded by Stephen
Blair in 1870, but the building was not
erected till 1882 ; it accommodates thirty
patients.

Bolton Infirmary hassome endowments;
and £12 a year to it is paid from the
Marsden and Popplewell Educational
Charity on account of the old dispensary,
now merged in the infirmary. From
Greenhalgh' s Charity £2 2s. is paid yearly
to Manchester Infirmary.

Out of the Shaw Charities for Rivington
£25 is paid for medical assistance, and, in
addition, subscriptions are given to various
hospitals.

90 For the parish in general are the
benefactions of James Lomax, including
£i among forty poor housekeepers at-
tending the Whit Sunday sermon, but
now distributed among the poor of
Breightmet and Harwood ; and of Na-
thaniel Hulton, 1691, for the benefit of
Protestant Dissenters, and for teaching
children the Assembly's catechism, or the
like ; the greater part of the income of
£524 is now given to the grammar school
and girls' scholarships. The Charity of
John Guest seems to have failed, so far as
Bolton is concerned. James Gosnell, in
.endowing the lectureship in 1622, directed

that one-sixth of the gross income was to
be given to the poor, half to Bolton and
the other half to Little Lever 5 the poor's
share is now £11 131. lod. The Poor
Protection and Benevolent Society has
£10 a year, left by Thomas Glaister in
1896.

Jane Astley in 1734 left £60 for
clothing for the poor attending some
Protestant place of worship ; £3 is now
given in doles of flannel, &c., to persons
attending the Unitarian Chapel, Bank
Street.

Mrs, Mary Ann Briggs in 1883 left
part of her estate to the same chapel, and
from it £2 121. 2d. is given to the poor.

91 This benefactor by his will of 1894
left endowments for All Souls' Church
and Sunday Schools, and £1,350 for the
poor of the district, irrespective of re-
ligious denomination, to be distributed in
wearing apparel by the vicar and church-
wardens.

He made similar provision for the
poor of the ecclesiastical district of the
Saviour.

92 Founded in 1868 for the benefit of
St. John's Church, Little Bolton ; part of
the endowment is to provide winter cloth-
ing for poor persons attending the church.

98 John Popplewell in 1820 gave £4,200
stock to provide for the care of his grave,
an annual service and sermon in the parish
church, and clothing and bread for the
poor. The recipients are selected by the
Church of England clergy of Great and
Little Bolton, and number about ninety
men and 205 women ; they receive bread
to the value of £15, and clothing worth
about £140.

94 Mrs. Elizabeth Lum built six cottages
in Anchor Street, Little Bolton, and en-
dowed them with a small estate ; they
were opened in 1839, and were transferred
to the present site at Astley Bridge in
1886. The trustees are the ministers and
certain members of three Nonconformist
chapels in Bolton, and the beneficiaries
are to be sixty years of age, preference
being given to those who are ' decidedly
pious and regularly (if able) attend places
of worship where the gospel is preached."
The gross income is £48, and there are
twelve occupants, two in each house,
receiving is. a week, and coal, gas, and
water free.

95 Some of the greater benefactions have
been mentioned already. Hannah Cromp-

242

ton in 1784 left money for linen for the
poor of Great Bolton; the annual dividends
now amount to £4 8*. q.d. Thomas
Cocker in 1774 made a similar gift ; the
income is now £4 i6s. a year. Richara
Aspindell in 1800 left £100 for a like
purpose ; the trustees of the Wesleyan
chapel in Ridgway Gate receive a rent-
charge of £5 15*. ^d. representing this
charity, and it is spent in doles of drabbet.
The benefactions of Adam Mort, 1630,
and Thomas Mort, 1732, of Astley, now
produce about £7 51. a year for the poor
of Bolton township ; it is distributed in
money doles.

Sums of £5 and £2 were annually re-
ceived in 1828 in respect of gifts by Ann
Parker and an unknown donor ; but both
ceased on the death of John Albinson,
who then paid them.

96 Mary Stones in 1764 left money for
an annual sermon, a dole of linen cloth,
and a gift of 6d. each to poor widows and
others. Down to 1898 at least £3 was
paid to the vicar of Bolton from the Har-
wood Lodge estate, and added to the poor
fund for food and clothing. James Green-
halgh in 1780 left money for linen cloth
for the poor ; the income, now £2 41. 4</.,
is distributed in doles of cloth by the in-
cumbents of St. Augustine's, Tonge, and
St. George's, Little Bolton. Some smaller
gifts for the poor and for doles of linen
cloth had been lost before 1828.

•' Thomas Seddon in 1 894 left money
for coal to be distributed by the vicar
and churchwardens of St. James's among
twelve poor families ; the interest amounts
to £4 81. \d.

A linen charity, founded by Mrs. Ann
Parker, was discontinued about 1808.

98 Lawrence Brownlow in 1630 gave a
granary to trustees, together with £40,
to buy corn, which they were to store up
and sell to the poor at a cheap rate in
times of scarcity. This does not seem to
have been practicable, and in 1828 a dis-
tribution of linen cloth had long been
customary, one-eighth being appropriated
to Darcy Lever. The premises belonging
to the trust were the inn then called the
Starkey's Arms, and formerly known as
the Almshouse. The income, which in
1828 was £32, has now reached £134,
and is distributed to about 280 persons in
doles of blankets, drabbet, and flannel.

Little Lever has a share of James Gos-
n ell's Charity, now £3 18*. a year.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

and John and George Shaw have made benefactions."
For Blackrod is the gift of John Popplewell, and
there are bread and calico doles.100 For Turton are
the charities of Abigail and Humphrey Chetham, John
Popplewell, and Nathaniel Wilson ; 101 while there
are smaller sums for Entwisle101 and Harwood.103
A number of ancient endowments have been lost.

GREAT BOLTON

Bothelton, I2I2 ; Botelton, 1257 ; Boulton, 1288,
and common ; Bolton, 1307, and common.

This township,1 which contains the parish church
and about half the town of Bolton-le-Moors, has an
area of 82 5 J acres,1 and is bounded on the north
and east by the River Croal, flowing east and south-
east to join the Irwell. The surface is comparatively
level, though rising towards the south-west, except for
the clough or steep-banked valley through which
the Croal flows. The population, including that of
Haulgh, in 1901 was 53,506.

Formerly the south-western part of the township
was occupied by the moor, and the first habitations
sprang up along the course of the stream, the church
standing above it at the point where its course changed
from east to south. There were two noted wells, the
memory of which is preserved in Silverwell Street and
Spa Road.* From the church the road from Little
Bolton leads westward by Church Bank, Church Gate,
and Deansgate, from which the roads to Chorley and
Deane branched off. This main street is crossed,
about 200 yards from the church, by the road from

Manchester leading north by Bradshaw Gate and
Bank Street into Little Bolton. At their crossing was
the old market-place,4 with its cross. From Deans-
gate Bridge Street leads northward across the Croal,
and in 1874-7 another high level road across was
formed, further west, and called Marsden Street. The
new market-place, 1824, more recently called Town
Hall Square and Victoria Square, is to the south of
Deansgate.4 Here stands the new Town Hall, and
close at hand are the markets and other municipal build-
ings. From the west end of Deansgate, Moor Lane
leads south, and branches out west and south-west as
Deane Road and Derby Street. To the west of Moor
Lane are the districts called Bullfield, Gilnow, and
Pocket. From the junction of Moor Lane and Derby
Street, Weston Street and Great Moor Street lead
north-east to Bradshaw Gate, and Crook Street and
Trinity Street 6 eastward across the railway station to
the bridge over the Croal, leading into Haulgh. To
the south of Crook Street were the Lecturer's Closes,
now chiefly occupied by a goods station. Rosehill
lies to the south-east of the town, by the river.

Trinity Street Station of the Lancashire and York-
shire Railway Company has been mentioned ; it was
opened in 1871. From it runs south the line to
Manchester, with a branch to Bury through Rose-
hill ; to the north and west the lines to Preston and
Liverpool, with a branch turning north-west by the
church to Blackburn. The London and North West-
ern Company has a terminus in Great Moor Street ;
from this its lines run south to Worsley and Man-
chester, with a westward branch to Kenyon.7

99 The Shaw Charities are shared by
four townships — Rivington, Anglezarke,
Heath Charnock, and Anderton ; the
available income is about £185. Rachael
Charnley's gift of 6s. %d. a year, formerly
distributed with Shaw's Charity, has been
lost since 1867, recent owners repudiating
any liability.

Miss Alice Lowe of Blackpool left a
fund for the poor, now producing nearly
£16 a year ; this is distributed in money,
coals, and clothing by the trustees.

100 The Popplewell Charities for the
poor are now represented by,£i,ioo for a
bread charity, and ,£400 for a blanket
charity ; the recipients must be regular
attendants at church.

A number of benefactions, chiefly of
the 1 7th and i8th centuries, made up a
sum of ,£190 by 1803, which, with £20
given for cloth by Robert Aston in 1728,
and £uo for bread and cloth by John
Ainscough in 1812, was in 1815 invested
in Government Stock, producing about
£1 5 a year for the poor. An estate called
the Bent was also charged with 41. a year
by Edward Pilkington in 1644. Part of
the money was in 1828 distributed in six-
penny loaves, but most of it in doles of
flannel or linen given on St. Stephen's
Day. A new scheme was made in 1857,
and of the income 20*. dd. is distributed
in sixpenny loaves on St. Stephen's Day,
and the same amount on St. John's Day,
while over £7 is on the former festival
given in doles of calico.

A benefaction of ,£100 by Edward
Holt in 1741, and two smaller ones, were
said to be lost in 1828, but at present ,£5
a year has long been paid to the vicar of
Blackrod by the agent of the Leigh estate,
Hindley, and is customarily distributed in
bread on fifty Sundays in the year. It is
supposed this may be the Holt Charity ;

the earliest recorded payment was in
1788.

101 Abigail Chetham in 1690 left money
for the clothing of four poor boys ; it was
invested in the purchase of Haslam Hey
in Elton, and the rent, amounting in
1 828 to ,£28, was then used in the clothing
and education of six boys ; the rent has
now fallen to ,£8, and four boy» are
clothed. Canon Raines (Noeitia, ii, 25)
says that Gervase Chetham, the nephew
of Abigail, was the real donor.

Humphrey Chetham in 1748 gave cer-
tain lands in Turton called Goose Coat
Hill, &c., for the benefit of poor persons
not relieved from the rates. The income
was in 1828 distributed in doles of linen.
The estate was sold in 1864 for ,£1,700,
and the capital given to the official trustees;
the income, now £49 izs. %d., is dis-
tributed in doles of calico, flannel, blankets,
and sheets.

John Popplewell in 1820 gave money
for a bread charity ; shilling loaves were
to be distributed to the poor who regularly
attended church. The income is now
j£io 161. 8</., and is spent on bread, but
attendance at church is not regarded.

Nathaniel Wilson in 1877 left £200
for keeping the family grave at Walmsley
Church in good order, and then for the
poor of the chapelry. The vicar receives
the interest and distributes it in money
doles at his discretion.

102 James Brandwood of Charnock
Richard in 1762 left ,£100 for the poor
stock of Entwisle ; in 1828 the interest,
,£4 ioj., after being improperly used to
relieve the poor rate, was to be applied to
the purchase of linen for the poor. The
income is now only £2 13^.4^. a year,
and is expended each alternate year in
doles of flannel and calico.

An unknown donor or donors left £9 to

243

the poor, which in 1828 was used like the
last charity. The capital remained intact
until 1888, when the trustee absconded.

108 The Rev. Richard Goodwin in 1684
left ,£5 a year to the poor, afterwards
altered to a sum of £50 for Bolton an!
,£50 for Harwood ; and the Rev. Sarruel
Brooks in 1698 left ,£100. No trace of
the charities could be discovered later than
1732. From the foundation of Joshua
Lomax £i is given to the poor of Harwood.

1 Most of the details given in the fol-
lowing account of the modern town are
taken from Scholes and Pimblett, Hist, of
Bolton, 1892 ; and Clegg, Chronological
Hist, of Bolton, 1879. The township ceased
to exist in 1895, when the new township
of Bolton was created ; Loc. Govt. Bd.
order 33407.

a The area, as increased by changes of
boundaries, was 1,096 acres in 1901, in-
cluding 30 of inland water.

8 For the Spa in 1814 see Bolton Hist.
Gleanings, ii, 331.

4 The market was held there till 1826,
when it was removed to the new market
square. The fish market was held there till
1855, when the market hall was opened.

6 Old Hall Street runs from Deansgate
to Victoria Square.

8 About this point was Sweet Green,
said to have been named from the preva-
lence of wild camomile. ' Parson Folds,'
the eccentric lecturer of the parish church,
lived there ; Pilling Well was in the same
district.

7 A railway from Bolton to Leigh was
opened in 1828 ; those from Bolton to
Kenyon in 1831, to Manchester 1838,
to Preston 1843, to Blackburn 1848, to
Worsley and Manchester 1875. For the
earliest of these lines see Bolton Hist,
Gleanings, i, 51, 359 ; for the 1838 line,
ibid, ii, I.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Apart from the municipal buildings and churches
the most noticeable are the Spinners Hall, theatre,
Conservative Club, and infirmary. Near the southern
boundary is a recreation ground ; close by is the Pike.
Bolton Park, opened in 1866, though on the north
bank of the Croal, is mostly within Great Bolton ;
there is a recreation ground on the opposite or south
bank. The infirmary adjoins the park.8

Digging sea coal at Bolton is named in i^j^..83
The woollen manufacture and other handicrafts
seem there to have found a home early. Leland,
about 1536, says: — ' Bolton-upon-Moor market
standeth most by cottons and coarse yarn. Divers
villages in the moors about Bolton do make cottons
[woollens]. Neither the site nor ground about Bolton
is so good as it is about Bury. They burn at Bolton
some cannel, but more sea coal, of which the pits be
not far off. They burn turf also." A deputy
aulnager was ordered to be appointed at Bolton in
I566,10 and the town appears to have prospered.

In religion, though some few of the neighbouring
gentry remained attached to the ancient faith, the
people of Bolton soon became Protestant and inclined
to the extreme party, so that in the I yth century the
town was regarded as the Geneva of Lancashire.11
During the Civil War, therefore, it naturally took
sides against the king, giving assistance to Sir John
Seaton, and suffered three different assaults from the
Royalists. The first took place on 16 February
1642—3, when Colonel Assheton and his force, to the
number of 500, were attacked by Lord Derby's forces
from Wigan, by way of Bradshaw Gate. The out-
works were taken, but the protection of a mud wall
and chain sufficed for the defenders ; though gallantly
attacked again and again for four hours, they succeeded
in driving off the Royalists, who returned to Wigan.11
A year later a second attack was made. On the
evening of 28 March 1644, Lord Derby, after sum-
moning the town to surrender, made two assaults, but
his men were each time compelled to retire. Two
months later, 27 May, Prince Rupert and Lord
Derby, with an army of 10,000 men or more,
attacked the town, defended by Colonel Rigby, who
had withdrawn his troops from Lathom. The first
assault was repulsed with loss ; but Lord Derby, eager
to avenge the long siege of Lathom, led a second attack
at the head of a body of picked men, while Prince
Rupert attacked the town from another side. The
defenders were outmatched and the town was taken,
Colonel Rigby flying into Yorkshire. The Royalists
were said to have used their advantage with great
cruelty, refusing quarter 13 and desolating the town.

It was on this account that the Earl of Derby's execu-
tion in 1651 was ordered to t; ke place at Bolton.
He was accordingly beheaded there on a scaffold
erected by the market cross. The people of the town
appear to have sympathized with him, and a tumult
had to be forcibly quelled by the soldiery.14

The Man and Scythe Inn, the house where the
earl is said to have rested a little before his execu-
tion, still stands on the south side of Church Gate,
near the old market-place : a low two-story building
with modern blue-slated roof, substantially the same
as when rebuilt in 1638, though in some degree
modernized and repaired. The date of rebuilding,
together with the initials A.W., occurs on a stone over
the old kitchen fireplace. Two relics of the earl are
preserved in the house — a triangular-seated chair on
which, according to a brass plate on the back, the
earl sat ' immediately prior to his execution,' and a
two-handled tankard out of which he is said to have
drunk, which also bears an inscription.

The cotton manufacture is said to have been intro-
duced about 1650. Bolton soon revived,14 and in
1673 was thus described: — 'Seated on the River
Irwell, a fair, well-built town, with broad streets,
hath a market on Mondays, which is very good for
clothing and provisions ; and it is a place of great
trade for fustians.' 16 Some Protestant artisans, driven
from France by Louis XIV, are said to have settled
in Bolton in 1685, to the advantage of its manufac-
tures.17 It was not directly affected by the Jacobite
risings of 1715 and 1745. The people were rude
and violent,18 and the ' barbarous customs ' of the
place were noticed at the beginning of last century.19
The improvement that had then taken place was
attributed to the rise of the Sunday school, for in a
place where even young children worked all the week
round, Sunday was the only day for teaching. These
schools began about 1770, that of the Wesleyans
being famous. There were numerous charitable in-
stitutions, the dispensary being established in 1814.
The Mechanics' Institution was founded in 1825.
By that time the outward aspect of the town had also
improved, the inclosure of the moor in 1792 enabling
a great advance to be made. Horse-racing *° and cock-
fighting were among the amusements. In 1793 and
1 794 companies of Marines and Infantry Volunteers
were raised in view of the national dangers.21 The
later volunteer movement readily found a response in
the town, a company being formed in 1859 — largely
multiplied since then.2*

The trade of the town continued to make advances in
spite of occasional years of adversity. Dr. Aikin in

8 The infirmary is a development of
the old dispensary.

83 De Banco R. 455, m. 395 d.

9 Itin. vii, 57.

10 Stat. 8 Eliz. cap. 12.

11 ' Poor and pious Bolton ' ; Civil
War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 128.

u The accounts of these events are
printed in Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit.
399-418 ; also Civil War Tracts, 77,81,
128 (first attack), 133 (second), 188-98
(third) ; War in Lanes. (Chet. Soc.), 22
(first), 50-2 (third). On the alleged
murder of Captain Bootle by the Earl of
Derby see ibid. 1 34-42.

18 The account in Seacome's House of
Stanley states that quarter was at first
refused because Prince Rupert learned
that the defenders had killed some of his

soldiers taken prisoners in the first
attack.

14 Civil War Tracts, 321 ; War in
Lanes. 82-5 ; see also Stanley Papers ( Chet.
Soc.), pt. 3, and Seacome, op. cit. For a
curious incident see Lanes, and Cbes. Hist,
and Gen. Notes, iii, 9.

15 For several tokens issued 1651-67
see Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 74.

16 Blome, Britannia, quoted by Baines.
1'r Baines, Lanes.

18 Oliver Heywood has a story of ' a
monstrous, prodigious, barbarous murder '
in 1665, arising out of the rejoicings over
the repulse of the Dutch ; it was ' auda-
ciously huddled up by the justices and
others ' ; Diaries, iii, 94.

John Wesley, after a rough reception at
Rochdale in 1749, went to Bolton, and

244

found 'the lions at Rochdale lambs in
comparison with those at Bolton. Such
rage and bitterness I scarce ever saw before
in any creatures that bore the form of
men' ; Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 357
(quoting Wesley's Journal").

19 Baines, Lanes. Dtr. \, 537.

80 Races took place in 1752.

31 Scoles and Pimblett, op. cit. 447-53 ;
Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches. i, 255.
Light Horse Volunteers were raised in
1798, and disbanded in 1816. A Yeomanry
troop was formed in 1819.

22 At present the gth Lanes. Royal Gar-
rison Artillery (Volunteers), with three
batteries, have head quarters in Silverwell
Street ; the 2nd V.B. Loyal North Lanes.
Regiment, twelve companies, have head
quarters at their barracks in Fletcher Street.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

1795 wrote : 'This original seat of the cotton trade
is still the centre of the manufacture of ornamental or
fancy goods. It is only by emigrants from this place
that any branches of this trade have been transplanted
elsewhere ; but the most ingenious part of the work-
manship still remains rooted as it were to the soil,
and flourishes even amidst present discouragements so
far that the poor suffer less here than in any of the
surrounding districts. The muslin trade is that which
seems to answer best at present. Since the opposition
of the populace to the use of machines for shortening
labour has been quelled by convincing them of their
utility, spinning factories have been erected through-
out all the surrounding country, especially where water
is plentiful. The streams near Bolton are too near
sources to furnish the water that large works require ;
there are few, therefore, in the neighbourhood of the
larger kind, though several of the smaller. Much
water is also occupied by the bleachers, who have
extensive crofts here. . . . The want of water in
this district is made up by the ingenious invention of
the machines called mules, or Hall-in-the-Wood
wheels,' by Samuel Crompton. Sir Richard Ark-
wright, another great inventor, was for a time a
barber in Church Gate, and there devised his
improvements.23

In 1807 Bolton was described as 'noted for its
medicinal waters, and more so for its manufactures of
fustians and counterpanes, dimities and muslins. . . .
It stands amid dreary moors. . . . Market on Mon-
day.' M

Cotton-spinning and the various branches of the
manufacture, together with bleaching works, have
continued to prosper. Bolton Exchange was opened
in 1829. The Bolton and Manchester Canal, for
which an Act was obtained in 1791, helped in the
development, as did the railways, already projected in
1825, and opened in 1828 and later years. At pre-
sent, in addition to the many great cotton factories
there are in Great Bolton important iron and steel
works and machine factories, where boilers, steam
engines, &c., are made ; also breweries, saw-mills,
leather works, and other industries.

The market is now open daily, but Monday re-
mains one of the chief days for business. A number
of fairs are held ; the old fair in July is kept up on
the last Wednesday in that month and the following
day ; another is held on the second Wednesday and
Thursday in October ; the dates of these were in
1824 31 July and 14. October, a cattle fair being
held on the preceding days.

Beyond the fragments of crosses in the church,

there are no remains of any great antiquity in the
town. The market cross was removed in 1786. The
pillory was last used in i8i8.25

A printing press is said to have existed as early as
1 76 1.26 The first newspaper, the Bolton Herald, was
established in 1813. v At present there are two daily
evening papers, the Chronicle and Evening News ; the
former, founded in 1870, has a larger Saturday issue,
and the latter (i 887) also has one called the Journal and
Guardian. The Cricket and Football field is printed at
Bolton, and there is a monthly paper, the British

Prince Albert visited some local mills in 1851, and
King Edward VII, when Prince of Wales, opened the
new town hall in 1873.

A statue of Samuel Crompton stands in Nelson
Square, and one of Dr. Chadwick in Victoria
Square.

Among the minor events in the town's history may
be mentioned the activities of the Resurrection men
about 1829 ;w appearances of the plague in 1623,
cholera in 1832 and 1848-9, and typhus in 1847 ;
the Murphy No-Popery riots of 1868 ; the anti-
Republican riot of 1871 ; and the municipal scandal
of 1875.

' Jannock,' a word of approval, is said to have been
the name of the oat bread which was at one time the
universal diet of the Bolton artisans.

Owing to the paucity of records it is
MANOR impossible to give a full account of the
descent of the manor of BOL TON. This
formed part of the fee of the Marsey family,*9 as is
shown by the descent of the
advowson of the church, and
so passed to Ranulf, Earl of
Chester, and his heirs the
Ferrers, Earls of Derby.50 On
the forfeiture of the latter in
1266 Bolton escaped, having
been granted by Robert de
Ferrers to his brother Wil-
liam,31 after whose death in
1287 it was found to be held
of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster,
by doing suit to Salford Wapen-
take court from three weeks
to three weeks and to the county court from six
weeks to six weeks.82 In the time of Henry VIII
Bolton did suit to Penwortham.33

Shortly after 1287, but by what title is unknown,
the manor was held by Margaret, sister of Sir Robert
de Holland, and on her death divided among her four

IAA/

UT7U

\TU\f,

FERRERS, Earl of
Derby. Vairy or and
gules.

28 Aikin, Country round Mancb. 262-4.
At one time, it is said, the manufactures
were sold at Bolton, but this part of the
trade was gradually drawn to Manchester ;
Baines, Lanes. Dir. i, 534. Cotton velvets
are stated to have been made at Bolton in
1756, and muslins and cotton quiltings
in 1763 ; ibid.

24 Lanes, and Ches. Hist, and Gen. Notes,
in, 115, from the Universal Gazetteer.

23 For the pillory see ibid, iii, 100.

28 Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches, i,
21, 30.

37 For an account of the local news-
papers see Bolton Hist. Gleanings, i, 68.

28 One Hannah was convicted in
1830; he had stolen seven bodies from
Bolton.

29 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.

Lanes, and Ches.) i, 71 ; the services
due from this part of the fee appear to
have been divided among the dependent
manors. Several of the later inquisitions
state the manor to be held of the lords
of Manchester, but this seems to be an
error. It was Penwortham rather.

80 See V.C.H. Lanes, i, 296. With the
' manor of Bolton ' went lands in Little
Bolton, Tonge, Haulgh, Breightmet,
Sharpies, &c. ; Ormerod, Cheshire (ed.
Helsby), i, 37. The later manor of Little
Bolton had as dependencies Haulgh and
part of Tonge, together with certain ' de-
tached portions ' north of Astley Brook,
which were probably the Sharpies lands of
the charter quoted.

81 William de Ferrers' estates were con-
fiscated, but afterwards restored to him by

245

the king. There is an account of the
family in Collins, Peerage (ed. 1779),
vi, 331-7 ; also in G.E.C. Complete
Peerage.

82 Inq. and Extents, i, 268. There were
in Bolton 69 burgages, each rendering i zd.
a year ; John de Halliwell held 43 acres
and a burgage, worth zos. ; 36 acres of
land were worth 5</. a year each. The
tolls of fair and market were valued at
431. ; the water-mill at zos. ; but the
pleas and perquisites of the court were
worthless, on account of the poverty of
the tenants. The whole value of the manor
was therefore £8 71. a year. Nicholas de
Segrave had the custody of lands during
the minority of the heir ; Cat. Pat. 1281-
92, p. 295.

83 Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 213.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

daughters and heirs.*4 The
eldest, Alice, married Sir Ro-
bert de Shireburne, and the
fourth part assigned to her de-
scended with the Shireburne
estates" till 1632, when it
was sold by Richard son of
Richard Shireburne and Eliza-
beth his wife, to Roger Lever,36
descending in this family till
the end of the i8th cen-
tury.17

The second daughter, Agnes, was twice married,
but appears to have had no children ; and in 1336

SHIREBURNE. Argent
a lion rampant -vert.

as a widow, she settled her
share of the manor upon the
children of her sister Kathe-
rine.38

The third daughter, Joan,
married Sir Thomas de Ar-
derne, and had issue ; but the
fourth part, which should have
descended to the heirs of this

family, seems to have been re- F E R R K R s of Groby.
covered about 1360 by the GW« seven masclei con-
heir of the above-named Wil- joined or.
Ham de Ferrers,39 and de-
scended in the line of Ferrers of Groby till the

M Whalley Coucher (Chet. Soc.), iv,
1085 ; Whitaker, Whalley, ii, 30. The
proof that Margaret de Holland held Bol-
ton in her own right is to be found in the
descent of it. Some further particulars
are given in the account of Chorley ; the
title in each case may have been the same.

85 Robert son of Robert de Shireburne
' put in his claim ' in a settlement of part
of the manor in 1331; Final Cone. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 81. This
fourth part of the manor occurs regularly
in the Shireburne inquisitions. In that
after the death of Richard Shireburne in
1441 it is stated to have been held of the
king as duke in socage, and worth 1001. a
year clear ; Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 30,
31; see also Lanes. Inj. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 52. In 1506 and 1514 the estate in
Chorley and Bolton was said to be held of
Thomas Hesketh (and Roger Dalton) in
socage by a rent of 51. ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. iii, no. 92 ; iv, no. 46. In
1528 and 1537 the tenure is described
as ' of the king as of the honour of West
Derby in socage by the rent of one red
sparrow-hawk" ; ibid. vi, no. 65; viii, no.
33. Later, in 1594 and 1629, the tenure
of Bolton is described simply as in socage
of the Crown ; ibid, xvi, no. 3 ; xxvi,
no. 4. For the descent see the account
of Stonyhurst in Aighton.

86 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 121,
m. 44. The estate is described as the
manor of Bolton-in-the-Moors, with ten
messuages, &c., lands, 191. j\d. rent, and
views of frankpledge. Richard Shireburne
and Elizabeth his wife were the vendors,
and gave a warranty against the heirs of
Richard Shireburne, deceased, father of the
former.

*7 Alexander Lever, who was perhaps
the son of Robert Lever (trills, Chet. Soc.
[new ser.] i, 221, and see p. 220), as a
minor made a claim against Roger Wal-
mersley in 1 569; Ducatus Lanc.(Rec. Com.),
ii, 378. He died on I Jan. 1613-14, hold-
ing sixteen messuages, twenty-six cottages,
1 6 acres of land, &c., in Bolton of Richard
Shireburne, Ralph Assheton, and Jane
Ainsworth, widow ; Roger his son and
heir was twenty-six years of age ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
282. Alexander Lever had in 1582 pur-
chased three messuages, &c., in Bolton from
Roger Walmersley (or Walmesley) and
Roger his son and heir apparent ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 44, m. 178. He
was returned as a freeholder in 1600,
being described as ' of Chamber ' ; Misc.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 248.
Chamber was in Great Bolton.

Roger Lever of Chamber paid ^10 in
1631 on refusing knighthood ; ibid, i, 216.

Thomas Lever of Chamber and Alex-
ander his son were enrolled at the Preston

Gild of 1662 ; Preston Guild R. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 148, 191. Other
sons were Thomas and John ; the latter
was vicar of Bolton from 1673 till his
death in 1691, and had several children ;
Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 276, 277 ;
Foster, Alumni Oxon. The will of Tho-
mas Lever was proved in 1685. A later
Thomas's will was proved in 1705.

Afterwards a third of the Lever portion
came to the Blackburnes of Hale, as will
be shown later, and the other two-thirds
seems to have descended with the heir
male, being held in 1746 by Samuel
Lever, clerk, who was a son of John
Lever, sometime vicar of Bolton, and died
in 1754. He had a son Thomas. See
Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 325-7 ;
Foster, Alumni Oxon. Mr. W. Fergusson
Irvine gives the Lever succession as fol-
lows : Alexander, d. 1613 — s. Roger, d.
1645 — bro.Thomas, d.i679 — s. Thomas,
d. 1704 (leaving a daughter and heir, Anne)
— nephew Thomas (s. of Rev. John Lever),
d. c. 1707 — bro. Rev. Samuel, d. 1754 — 8.
Thomas. Some later particulars are con-
tained on the Lever tombstones in the
churchyard ; James Lever of Hindley, the
latest, having been interred there on
I Sept. 1811, aged forty-two.

88 In 1331 Robert de Horncliffe and
Agnes his wife seem to have settled the
fourth part of the Bolton and other
manors on the heirs of the husband ;
Final Cone, ii, 80. In 1336, however,
Agnes, as widow of Robert, granted the
succession of her part of Great Bolton to
Robert son of John son of John de Har-
rington, with remainder to Adam brother
of Robert, and then to the right heirs of
Agnes ; ibid, ii, 101.

89 Henry de Ferrers, grandson of Wil-
liam, in 1329, claimed the manors of
Bolton and Chorley, with exceptions,
against Robert son of Robert de Heppe-
hale, and Margaret, late wife of Adam
Banastre (i.e. Margaret de Holland) ; De
Banco R. 279, m. 6 1 d. In the follow-
ing year he made his claim against John
de Harrington the younger and [Catherine
his wife, Robert de Shireburne and Alice
his wife, Robert de HornclirF and Agnes
his wife, and Thomas de Arderne ; ibid.
R. 282, m. 112. The latter claim he
prosecuted the following year, setting out
his descent as son of William son of Wil-
liam de Ferrers, to whom the manors had
been given in the time of Henry III by
Robert de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, brother
of William ; ibid. R. 285, m. 144.

The claim seems to have been revived
again in July 1354 by Henry's son Sir
William de Ferrers, who set forth his
claim to the manors of Bolton and Chor-
ley against Alice, widow of Sir Robert de
Shireburne, Sir John de Harrington of

246

Farleton and {Catherine his wife, Robert
son of John de Harrington of Farleton,
and Sir Thomas de Arderne, each holding
a fourth part of the manor of Bolton ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 3, m. %a. At
Michaelmas he claimed the Arderne part
against certain persons, including Mar-
garet Banastre, who were probably trus-
tees ; ibid. m. 6. Alice de Shireburne,
sister and one of the heirs of Agnes de
Lea, and Sir Thomas de Arderne, the
other heir, were called to warrant ; Alice
de Shireburne, for her own share of the
manor, called Sir William de Plumpton
to warrant her ; ibid. R. 4, m. 4 d. 28.
Agnes de Lea was so called from her first
husband, Sir Henry de Lea. Robert de
Harrington and Sir Thomas de Arderne
had the king's protection, and the trial of
their cases had therefore to be deferred ;
ibid. m. 1 5 d. The claims were renewed
in subsequent years (R. 5, m. 18 ; R. 6,
m. 5, 6), and in 1358 Robert and Thomas
sons of Sir John de Harrington, each
holding a fourth part, were summoned ;
Assize R. 438, m. 3. In 1359 Sir
Thomas de Arderne claimed the fourth
part of the manor against the same trus-
tees ; Duchy of Lane. Assize R. 7, m. 5 ;
and Sir William de Ferrers continued his
suits.

Some settlement with Arderne was
afterwards arrived at, for in 1362 Sir Wil- '•
liam's claim was against Nicholas son of
John de Harrington for a moiety of Bol-'
ton, and against Sir Richard de Shireburn1
for a fourth part ; De Banco R. 408, m.
79 d. Five years later there was a claim
against John de Swinford and Elizabeth
his wife, holding a third of two-thirds ol
the fourth part of the manor ; ibid. R.
428, m. 226; while in 1370 a furthei
attempt was made to recover the moiety
held by Nicholas de Harrington ; ibid. R!
439, m. 92. Sir William died on 8 Jan.;
1370-1, holding a third of the fourth!
part and a third of the remaining two(
thirds of that part of the manor ol
Bolton, worth zos. zd. a year, all being*
held of the Duke of Lancaster by knight'!
service as of the manor of West Derby^
and by suit at the county and wapentaka
courts, and also at the Penwortham court;,
the remaining portion of this part oj;
Bolton was held for life by John de
Arderne and Joan his wife, by the grant,
of Sir William ; Inq. p.m. 45 Edw. III.
(2nd nos.), no. 22. Soon afterwards Mar1',
garet, the widow, claimed dower in the|.
holding of John de Arderne in Chorley-
and Bolton ; De Banco R. 460, m. 129 .
There are allusions to the Ferrers holding-
in the Close R. of I Ric. II, m. 24 d.:.
19 Ric. II, m. 26. ('

In the inquisitions (1388) after the';
death of Sir William's son and heir, Sir

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

attainder of Thomas, Marquess of Dorset, in I483.40
It was in 1484 given to the Stanleys, afterwards Earls
of Derby, and has since descended with the earldom.41
The fourth daughter, Katherine, married Sir John
de Harrington of Farleton in Lonsdale, and had three
sons — Thomas, Robert, and Nicholas ; 4J the inherit-
ance, doubled by the gift of Agnes, descended with
the issue of Nicholas to Sir Thomas Harrington and
his son Sir John, both killed at the battle of Wake-
field in 1 46o.43 The moiety of the manor of Bolton
was secured for himself by Sir Edward Stanley, created
Lord Mounteagle, who married Anne, one of Sir John
Harrington's daughters ; 44 and it descended through
his son by a second marriage to William, Lord Mount-

eagle, who in 1 5 74 sold it to William Slinehead and
Ellis Ainsworth.45

The estate was then divided. Ralph Assheton of
Great Lever in 1588 died seised of a fourth part of
the manor,46 and his descendant, Sir Ralph Assheton,
sold it in 1630 to John Bridgeman, Bishop of Ches-
ter,47 with whose descendant, the Earl of Bradford, this
part of the manor still remains.

From Ellis Ainsworth the remaining fourth part
seems to have passed by the marriage of Jane Ains-
worth to Ellis Hey of Monks Hall in Eccles,*8 and
their descendant, another Ellis Hey, in 1658 sold it
to Henry Houghton,49 after which it cannot be clearly
traced.40

Henry de Ferrers of Groby, certain tene-
ments in Bolton, held for life by John de
Aldelem, Katherine his wife, and John
their son, are stated to be held of John
La Warre, lord of Manchester, by knight's
service ; Inq. p.m. 1 1 Ric. II, no. 26 ;
1 6 Ric. II, pt. i, no. n. John de
Arderne died in 1392, holding for life
three parts of a fourth part of Bolton, by
grant of Sir William de Ferrers, grand-
father of the William de Ferrers of
Groby of whom he held at the time of
his death 5 the value was 601. a year ;
Inq. p.m. 1 6 Ric. II, pt. i, no. 35 ;
18 Ric. II, no. i.

40 See the preceding note and Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 51, where again
the tenure is stated to be of Lord La
Warre.

41 It was among the manors and lands
granted by Richard III on 17 Sept. 1484
to Sir Thomas Stanley and his son Sir
George, as a reward for their assistance
against various rebels ; Cal. Pat. 1476-85,
p. 476.

In the inquisition after the death of
Thomas Earl of Derby, in 1521, it is
stated that the moiety of the manor of
Chorley and the fourth part of the manor
of Bolton — this was the description of the
Arderne estate in 1354 — had been held
by Joan Lady Strange ' in her demesne
as of fee,' and had descended to the earl
on her death. In his case the manors
were said to be held of the king as of his
Duchy, but in Lady Strange's to be held
of Thomas Ashton and Roger Dalton as
of their manor of Croston ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. v, no. 68 ; iv, no. 18.

The accounts of the Derby estates
during the minority of the third earl
show that the free tenants of Bolton paid
251. gd. at the Feast of St. Margaret,
and izd. was derived from a toll called
Weketoll ; Derby Rental (1522) in posses-
sion of Earl of Lathom.

During the Commonwealth Charles
Worsley contracted to purchase the con-
fiscated manor of Bolton ; Royalist Comp.
Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
240.

The manor occurs regularly in fines
and recoveries of the Earl of Derby's
estates.

42 Sir John de Harrington of Farleton
died holding in right of Katherine his
wife, deceased, certain tenements in Bol-
ton of Henry Duke of Lancaster ; viz.,
10 acres in the hands of tenants at will
rendering 51. a year ; rents of free bur-
gesses, 2U.; the fourth part of a fair,
held at St. Margaret's Feast, ioj. Robert,
the son and heir, succeeded, and died
abroad in 1361, on which the Duke of

i Lancaster took possession, but died soon
afterwards. Nicholas, another son of
John and Katherine, was the heir both of

his parents and his brother ; Inq. p.m.
36 Edw. Ill, pt. i, no. 90. The jury
ignored the other fourth part of Bolton
held by Robert in right of his aunt's gift.

43 The estates descended to Sir James
Harrington, brother of Sir John, who
forfeited them in 1486 as a Yorkist ;
Whitaker, Whalley, ii, 509.

44 The manor of Bolton-le-Moors,
worth 401. a year, is stated in the in-
quisition after Lord Mounteagle's death
in 1523 to have been held together with
Hornby, Farleton, &c., by virtue of a
grant from Henry VII in 1489, of the
king in chief by the service of one
knight's fee ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
v, no. 64. Thomas his son and heir died
in 1560, holding all by the same service ;
ibid, xi, no. i. William the son and
heir of Thomas was the vendor.

In the time of Henry VII Sir Edward
Stanley had some difficulty in securing
the tolls of the July fair, a number of
the neighbouring gentry, with their men,
coming armed and creating a great riot,
so that had not the curate of Bolton
interfered, standing between the com-
batants with the Blessed Sacrament upon
him, Sir Edward's servants would have
been taken and murdered ' out of hand ' ;
Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 44. These tolls were granted to Sir
Edward on 12 July 1507; Duchy of
Lane. Misc. Bks. xxi, fol. 3/59 d.

45 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 36,
m. 142 ; the sale included the manor of
Bolton, and lands there and at Ashton in
Makerfield. For other Ainsworth acqui-
sitions see ibid, bdles. 30, m. 70 ; 58,

m. 352> 59>m-9-

46 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no.
90. There is nothing to show how he
became possessed of it. The fourth part
of the manor, with four burgages, &c., is
said to be held of the queen in free
burgage and socage ; see also Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
289.

4< Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 115,
no. 39 ; see the account of Great Lever.

48 This is an inference from the pedi-
gree in Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 133,
and the statements in several inquisitions
that lands, &c., in Bolton were held of
Ralph Assheton and either Jane Ainsworth,
widow, or Ellis Hey ; e.g. Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 116 ; ii,
274.

49 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 162,
m. 102.

50 The following were lords of the
manor in the years given : —

1442 — Lord de Ferrers,Thomas de Har-
rington, and Robert Shireburne; Towneley
MS. DD,no. 1478.

1508 — Thomas Earl of Derby, Sir
Edward Stanley, and Sir Richard Shire-

247

burne ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no.
26.

1578 — Henry Earl of Derby, William
Lord Mounteagle, and Richard Shireburne;
ibid. xii,no. 19.

1604 — William Earl of Derby, Richard
Shireburne, Ralph Assheton, and Ellis
Hey ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc, Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 22.

1635 — William Earl of Derby, John
Bishop of Chester, Roger Lever, and
Ellis Hey ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xxvii, no. 42.

1691 — William George Earl of Derby,
Sir John Bridgeman, Thomas Lever, and
Roger Thropp ; End. Char. Rep. for Bolton,
1904, p. 66. The heirs of Roger Thropp
are named (ibid. 16), but his share of the
manor did not descend to them. ' Thropp's
house' in Bradshaw Gate was in 1773
owned by John Moss, woollen draper ;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 149. The
Lever share descended in part (one third,
as it appears) to the Blackburnes of Or-
ford, by the marriage of Jonathan Black-
burne with Anne daughter and heir of
Thomas Lever of Chamber, who had pre-
viously been the wife of Christopher
Lockwood of Leeds ; she died in 1732,
aged seventy-seven ; Beamont, Hale and
Orford, 183-6 ; Thoresby, Ducatus Lead.
48. For a demise in 1742 of Chamber
Hall and the Blackburne estate see Bolton
Hist. Gleanings, ii, 59.

1746 — Edward Earl of Derby, Sir John
Bridgeman, John Blackburne, Samuel
Crooke, Rev. Samuel Lever ; ibid, i, 35.

1764 — The same, except that the Rev.
Thomas Lever had succeeded Samuel ;
ibid.

1792 — Edward Lord Derby, Sir Henry
Bridgeman, John Blackburne, James
Lever, and Samuel Crooke ; Scholes and
Pimblett, op. cit. 465. In 1803 David
Claughton purchased ' the manor or lord-
ship of Great Bolton,' and lands there,
from John Blackburne and his wife, Adam
Mason and his wife, and William Maire ;
Pal. of Lane. Assize R. Lent Assizes
43 Geo. III. In the following year
Samuel Crooke was vouchee in a recovery
of the manor of Whittle-le-Woods, and
the fourth part of the manor of Bolton j
ibid. Lent Assizes, 44 Geo. III.

1824 — The Earl of Derby, Earl of
Bradford, Rev. — Freeman, each one-
fourth part ; and — Claughton one-
twelfth ; and the representatives of the
Lever family one-sixth ; Baines, Lanes.
Dir. ii, 530. The statement was repeated
in 1836; Baines, Lanes, iii, 55. Thomas
Claughton and his wife appear to have
made a settlement of the manors of Great
Bolton and Houghton [in Winwick] in
1812; Pal. of Lane. Assize R. Aug.
52 Geo. Ill, fine 5 ; see also the account
of Houghton. Two years later a similar

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

At the present time the Earl of Derby and the
Earl of Bradford are said to hold each a fourth part of

STANLEY, Earl of
Derby. Argent on a
bend azure three hart?
heads caboshed or.

BRIDGEMAN, Earl
of Bradford. Sable ten
flates, on a chief argent
a lion fastant ermines.

the manor ; the holders of the remainder are not
known.

Many of the surrounding landowners have held bur-
gages and lands in Great Bolton from an early period,51
and the names of other owners occur in various plead-
ings and charters." Among the more noteworthy of
these were a branch of the Norris family of Tonge.63
The returns of ' Papists' estates ' in the time of
George I include the name of Cope Brooks of Bolton.5*

There was a case of treasure trove in I56o.55

The distinction between the trades of tanners and
leather-dressers was insisted upon in I445.56

Richard Rothwell, a Puritan exorcist of the begin-
ning of the I yth century, is said to have been a native
of Bolton.

settlement was made by Robert Row-
bottom and his wife, Henry Varley and hi»
wife, and other* ; ibid. Hil. 54 Geo. Ill,
fine 27 ; while in 1826 Robert Rowbot-
tom and his wife were in possession of
the third part of a fourth part of the
manor ; ibid. Hil. 7 Geo. IV, fine 34.

A moiety of the manor of Bolton-on-
the-Moors was in 1664 granted to Charles
Lord Gerard ; Pat. 1 6 Chas. II, pt vi, no.
10. It is stated to have been the portion
of Sir James Harrington attainted.

81 Anian de Entwisle held lands in
1442 of the three lords of the manor, by
unknown services ; Towneley MS. DD,
no. 1478. George Entwisle sold mes-
suages, &c., in i 546 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 12, m. 217, 271 ; see alsobdle.
I5,m.79.

Thomas de Longworth in 1448 held a
burgage in Bolton ; Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m.
no. 36, 37<i. Margaret and Ralph Long-
worth purchased six messuages, &c., in
1549 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 13,
m. 4. Christopher Longworth in 1608
held two messuages and certain land in
socage by izd. rent of Ralph Assheton and
Jane Ainsworth ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 116.

John Hulton of Farn worth in 1487
held lands in Bolton of the three lords,
worth 3*. 4</. a year; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, no. 26. His successor, William
Hulton, nearly seventy years later also
held burgages and lands in Bolton of the
three lords in socage ; ibid, x, no. 32.
The estate appears in 1422 ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 6. For another
Hulton estate see Final Cone, iii, 1 18.

Richard Radcliffe of Smithills in 1502
held lands, &c., in Bolton of the lords by
the rent of izd. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, no. 98. His successor, John Bar-
ton, was said to hold of Thurstan Holland
of Dalton [? Denton] in socage ; ibid, iv,
no. 82. In 1580 Robert Barton's ten
burgages, &c., were found to be held of the
Earl of Derby by a rent of zs. ; ibid, xiv,
no. 24. See also Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc.), i, 211.

John Radcliffe of Radcliffe in 1513
held a burgage of the lords of Bolton by
the rent of izd. j Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iv, no. 7.

Richard Radcliffe of Langley in 1578
held ten messuages, &c., in Bolton of the
three lords by a rent of 51. Sd. ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xii, no. 19. His son Ed-
mund in 1604 held them of the four lords
by fealty only ; Lanes. Inq, p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 22.

The Hollands of Denton also had an
estate here. Richard Holland in 1481
held five messuages, 100 acres of land,
&c., which descended to his grandson

Thurstan ; they were said in 1510 to be
held of Lord La Warre in socage ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 36, 58. The
tenure is more correctly stated in 1571
and 163; as of the lords of Bolton in
socage by a rent of 6</. ; ibid, xiii, no. 20 ;
xxvii, no. 42 ; see also Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 146.

Adam Mort of Astley in 1631 held a
messuage in Bolton of the Earl of Derby ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 33.

Adam Byrom of Salford at his death in
1558 held five cottages, &c., of Lord
Mounteagle by a rent of izd. ; ibid, xi,
no. 65 ; also xvii, no. 39. Ralph Byrom
in 1581 had the reversion of an estate in
Bolton belonging to James Bradshaw ; it
included a burgage, fulling mill, &c. ; Pal.
of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 43, m. 102 ;
see also bdle. 30, m. 63 ; 40, m. 206.

Robert Lever of Darcy Lever in 1620
held a messuage and gardens at Bolton of
Richard Shireburne by f,\d. rent ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Chet.), ii,

257-

Ellis Crompton held messuages, &c.,
and an approvement of the wastes of the
king as of his duchy ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 69.

Roger Walmesley of Rogerstead in
Heaton held 27 messuages, 8J burgages,
&c., in Bolton of the Earl of Derby in
1622; Towneley MS. C.8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), fol. 1287.

sa Emma daughter of Roger Steel of
Bolton claimed dower in a toft and acre
of land against John son of Hugh the
Chaplain in 1292 ; Assize R. 408, m. 61.
Alice widow of William de Pendlebury in
1307 claimed dower in Bolton among
other places ; De Banco R. 164, m. 206.

Some charters of a family surnamed
Bolton are contained in Add. MS. 32104.
By one of these, dated 1316, Richard the
Cook of Harwood gave a burgage to
Richard the Carpenter of Hutton ; no.

1235. In 1322 Adam son of Walter the
Fuller of Bolton released his claim in a
certain curtilage to Ellis Bulling son of
William de Oakenbottom ; no. 1220.
Maud daughter of Ellis the Skinner re-
leased her right to a toft and buildings
sold by her mother Emota to Robert
de Pontefract ; no. 1231. John son of
Geoffrey de Bolton appears in 1353 and
later ; he had a burgage in Bayard Street,
and land in Bromycroft and elsewhere ;
no. 1185, 1182, 1204. Alice his widow
had a grant in 1369; no. 1225. Adam
de Bolton made a feoffment of his lands
in 1403, and he and his wife Isabel
received them back in 1407 ; a new feoff-
ment was made in 1411 ; no. 1215,

1236, 1209. About thirty years later
the property appears to have come to

Robert de Habergham of Burnley; no.
1229, 1218, 1230. The above-named
John son of Geoffrey de Bolton was at
Easter 1354 a defendant in a suit re-
specting a messuage, &c., at Bolton,
claimed by Henry son of Richard son of
Roger de Bolton ; Duchy of Lane. Assize
R. 3, m. 4.

John Parke of Bolton died in 1621
seised of messuages and lands which were
held of Richard Shireburne by a rent of
ityd. ; the heir was his grandson Robert
son of John Parke ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 253.

Abraham Holme died in 1614 holding
a messuage, &c., of Ralph Assheton and
Jane Ainsworth ; his son William was
seventeen years of age ; Add. MS.
32108, fol. 90. William died in 1621
holding similarly, his brother George be-
ing heir ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 274.

58 Robert Norris of Bolton, clothier,
son of Alexander Norris of Tonge, died
in 1620 holding six messuages, &c., of
Richard Shireburne, by the rent of i8|</.
George Norris, the son and heir, was
twenty-three years of age ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 211.

William, a younger son, received part of
the estate, and died 15 July 1628, leaving
as heir his son Robert, then four years of
age. His will mentions George and
William, younger sons, and Robert Norris,
son of his brother John ; Towneley MS.
C.8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), fol. 9 1 5.

Isabel Norris, said to be the widow of
Robert the father of William, died in
1637, leaving a messuage and land held of
the Earl of Derby to her daughter and
heir Margaret, wife of Thomas Black-
burne of Newton ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xxx, no. 77.

An Alexander Norris of Bolton in 1646
compounded for his estate by a fine of
£15. He had absented himself from
home and spent some time in the king's
quarters, but had since taken the National
covenant ; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iv, 218.

54 Lanes, and Ches. Recs. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 195.

ss Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 228.

56 Sir Ralph de Radcliffe complained
that Roger Jenkinson of Bolton-on-the-
Moors, and two others, all using 'the
mystery of leather-dressing,' had exercised
also ' the mystery of tanning ' contrary to
the statute ordaining that should any
leather-dresser use the office of tanner
during the time that leather-dressing is
used he must forfeit 6s. %d. to the king
for each skin tanned by him, as well as
6s. %d. for each defective skin ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 7, m. ib.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

At the beginning of 1253 William
BOROUGH de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, then lord of
Bolton, by his charter made the town
a free borough, and granted the burgesses certain
liberties. Each burgess was to have an acre of land,
measured by the long perch of 24 ft., and to pay I zd.
a year. A reeve was to be chosen each year by the
burgesses from among themselves, and pleas were to
be heard in the local halmote or portmanmote. The
burgesses had rights of turbary, and might take timber
from the grove between the great lane and the land
of the church ; they were to grind at the lord's mill
to the twentieth measure, but if they were kept wait-
ing more than two days might take their corn else-
where. All pleas belonging to the borough were to
be decided before the lord's bailiffs by view of the
burgesses.58 The earl had in December 1251 pro-
cured the king's charter for a market at Bolton every
Monday, and a yearly fair on the eve, day, and
morrow of St. Margaret, 19-21 July, as well as for
free warren.69

The borough60 did not develop into an indepen-
dent community, but, like Manchester, was governed
by officers appointed at the manor courts.61 The
growth of the town during the 1 8th century made a
change desirable. In 1792 an Act was passed for the
inclosure and allotment of Bolton Moor, for regu-
lating the streets, securing a water supply, removing
nuisances, and licensing conveyances.6* The Com-
missioners under the Act had thus considerable powers
of government ; and a voluntary association for watch-
ing the town existed for some years.63 In 1838 a
charter of incorporation was granted under the general
Act of 1 83 5, the townships of Great and Little Bolton,
with some alteration of boundaries, becoming the
borough of Bolton." A considerable party in the
district, preferring the older order, protested that the
charter was invalid, until the Boroughs Incorporation
Act of 1842 confirmed it.65 The borough was at
first divided into six wards — Exchange, Bradford,
Derby, Church, East, and West — each with two
aldermen and six councillors. In 1839 magistrates
were appointed for the borough, and a court of
quarter sessions was granted. A number of improve-
ment Acts have been passed ; by that of 1847 the
waterworks, formed by a private company in i8i8,66
were purchased, and have since been greatly enlarged;
the gasworks, also owned by a private company

formed in 1818-20, were acquired in l872.67 Electric
lighting works were opened in 1 894. Under an Act
of 1850 the powers of the Great Bolton and Little
Bolton Trusts 68 were transferred to the corporation,
and the erection of a market was authorized ; this was
opened in 1855, and enlarged in 1894 ; a fish market
was added in 1865, and a wholesale market in \%ji**
A free library was inaugurated in i853,70 and this has
constantly grown ; a natural history museum build-
ing, the gift of Dr. S. T. Chadwick, was opened in
1884 ; the Mere Hall art museum was presented by
Mr. J. P. Thomasson in 1 890, and Hall i' th' Wood by
Mr. W. H. Lever in 1 899. The baths were opened
in 1846, and have been enlarged since. Parks and
recreation grounds have been added, and a large part
of Rivington has recently been presented to the town
by Mr. W. H. Lever.

For a long time the council used the Little Bolton
Town Hall, built in 1826, for its meetings ; but in
1873 the new Town Hall was opneed.71 At the
same time the council was enlarged ; in the preceding
year Daubhill had been taken into the borough as
Rumworth Ward, and in 1873 the wards were in-
creased to eight, by constituting a portion of West
Ward into an independent one, called North Ward ;.
and the boundaries were rearranged. The two new
wards had an alderman and three councillors each.78
In 1877 the boundaries were again enlarged, part of
Halliwell being included as a ninth ward, with two
aldermen and six councillors.73 Twelve years later
the town became a county borough under the Local
Government Act, and in 1898 a further extension of
boundaries took place, so that the municipal borough
now includes the old townships of Great and Little
Bolton, and Tonge with Haulgh, and those of Halli-
well, Heaton, Lostock, Rumworth, part of Over
Hulton, Middle Hulton, Great Lever, Darcy Leverr
Breightmet, and Sharpies. The town is governed by
a mayor, twenty-four aldermen, and seventy-two*
councillors ; there are seventeen wards, of which
seven — Exchange, Bradford, Derby, Church, East,
West, and Halliwell — have each two aldermen and
six councillors ; and the rest — North, Rumworth,
Astley Bridge, Tonge, Darcy-Lever-cum-Breightmet,
Great Lever, Hulton, Deane-cum-Lostock, Heaton,
and Smithills — have each an alderman and three
councillors. A grant of arms was obtained in iSgo.7*
A school board was formed in 1870. Electric tram-

88 The charter has been printed in full
by Miss Bateson in Engl. Hist. Rev. xvii,
291-3. She describes it as 'another
version of the Salford and Stockport
charters of Ranulf de Blundeville's model '
(p. 285). As in the Salford charter,
freedom from toll within the grantor's
lands was allowed, and no one might
exercise his trade as shoe-maker, skinner,
fuller, or the like, within the wapentake
of Salford unless he were in the borough.

The burgages, with their rent of izd.
each, have frequently occurred in inquisi-
tions referred to above. Thus in 1288
there were sixty-nine (or seventy) bur-
gages, each rendering izd. The number
may have been greater, for the revenue
of the Harrington quarter in 1362 was
taid to include 211. from the burgages,
implying a total of eighty-eight.

89 Cal. Chart. R. 1226-57, p. 374. The
charter was exemplified in 1331 at the re-
quest of Henry Earl of Lancaster ; Cal.
Pat. 1 3 30-4, p. 192.

In a writ of Quo Warranto in 1498 the
market day is called Friday ; Pal. of Lane.
Writs Proton. 1 3 Hen. VII.

In 1602 a citizen of London put for-
ward his claim to be exempt from tolls in
the markets and fair of Bolton ; Ducatus
Lane, iii, 483.

60 Account was rendered in 1257 of
451., the farm of the borough of Bolton for
two terms 5 Lanes. Inj. and Extents, i, 205.

61 It was in 1825 governed by a borough
reeve, two constables, and inferior officers
elected annually at the courts leet in Oct. ;
see Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 480.
'The privilege of holding a court-baron
for the recovery of small debts under
40*. is vested in the lords of the manor of
Great Bolton, and formerly a court-baron
was held here, but in the 6th of George III
it was discontinued, owing to the clerk
having absconded and conveyed away part
of the records ' ; Baines, Lanes. Dir. i, 538.

62 The account in the text is mainly
drawn from Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton,

249

464-5 1 2, where full details are given. The
Act for inclosing the moor differed from
most others in allowing one-fifteenth to
the lords of the manor, and directing the
remainder to be sold on chief rent or let
on long leases in aid of the poor rate ;
Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Sac. vi, 123.

68 The 'Watch and Ward ' committee,
from 1812 to 1820; Scholes and Pim-
blett, op. cit. 470. 64 Ibid. 483.

65 Ibid. 486. The new police super-
seded those of the borough reeve and con-
stables in 1839.

66 Ibid. 472, 494. 67 Ibid. 472, 506^
68 Created by the first Improvement

Acts.

*9 Scholes & Pimblett, op. cit. 496,497..

7° Ibid. 497. 71 Ibid. 502-6.

7* Ibid. 506 ; 35 & 36 Viet. cap. 78.

7' Ibid. 510 ; 40 & 4.1 Viet. cap. 188,
and 42 & 43 Viet. cap. 103.

7* Scholes & Pimblett, op. cit. 511.
The old arms were Gules two bendlets en--
hanced or ; crest, an elephant.

32

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

ways are worked by the corporation.75 The ceme-
teries at Tonge and Heaton, opened in 1857 and
1879 respectively, are regulated by a burial board.

The Parliamentary borough was created by the
Reform Act of 1832 ; the electoral area included
Great Bolton, most of Little Bolton, and Haulgh, and
was extended in 1868 to include Astley Bridge and
Little Bolton Higher End/6 It has always been
represented by two members.

The parish church has been described above.
There is a mission hall in connexion with it. The
other churches in this district are : — Holy Trinity,
Sweet Green, was erected in 1826 as a chapel of
ease, and made the head of a separate parish in
1841 ; the Bishop of Manchester is patron." Em-
manuel was built in 1838, and made parochial in
1841 ; the vicar of Bolton presents the incumbent.78
Christ Church was built in 1818 by the Methodists,
and called Ebenezer; it was transferred in 1841 to
the Church of England ; the Crown and the Bishop
of Manchester present alternately." St. Paul's, which
has a mission church, was built in 1865, and had a
district assigned to it the following year ; it is in the
gift of five trustees.80 St. Mark's was built in 1866,
and was consecrated in 1871 ; the Bolton Lecture-
ship Trustees and another body of four trustees pre-
sent alternately.81 St. Bartholomew's, built in 1879,
had a district assigned to it in 1880 ; five trustees
have the patronage.8* The Saviour's was built in
1882 ; in this case also the patronage is vested in five
trustees.63 To St. Philip's, 1898, the Bishop of Man-
chester and the Bolton Lectureship Trustees present
alternately.84 Three of these churches have benefited
by the Lectureship fund.

A small Methodist congregation was formed about
1742, but John Wesley, on his first visits in 1748 and
1749, met with a brutal reception.85 Soon after this
there broke out the dispute between Wesley and
Whitefield as to Calvinism ; the congregation divided,
and the few Wesleyans proper kept up a meeting, and
Wesley himself several times visited the town. The

chapel in Ridgeway Gates, Deansgate, opened in
1777, represents this first congregation. There are
now seven other Wesleyan churches in Great Bolton,*6
and the Victoria Hall, Knowsley Street, built in 1900,
is the head quarters of the Bolton mission. The
Methodist New Connexion formed a congregation as
early as 1797 ; their first chapel, Ebenezer, built in
1818, has been mentioned above as Christ Church.87
They have now no building in Great Bolton. The
Primitive Methodists had a meeting-place in Newport
Street in 1822, used till 1865 ; they have continued
to increase, and have two chapels in the township.88
The United Free Methodists have two chapels,
Hanover Street dating from i834.89 The Indepen-
dent Methodists also have two chapels. The Bible
Christians are represented.

Congregationalism in Bolton " traces its origin to
the above-mentioned dispute between Wesley and
Whitefield. The latter great preacher visited the
town in 1750, and the Calvinistic section of the
Methodists soon afterwards began separate meetings, a
chapel being built in Duke's Alley in 1754 > ll was
in use till recently.91 Mawdsley Street, opened in
1808, originated in a secession from the other con-
gregations ; it was rebuilt in 1870. There are two
other churches of this denomination,92 and a mission
hall.

Baptist preaching began in 1777 ; a little chapel in
King Street, on the bank of the Croal, was opened in
1793 and used for some years. A new start was
made in 1 8 1 8, as a result of which Moor Lane Chapel
was opened in 1822 ; this was sold to the Primitive
Methodists in 1866, and the denomination has now
no place of worship in Great Bolton.93

The Moravians had preaching stations at Bolton
and Haulgh in the latter part of the 1 8th century.9'

The Society of Friends assembled for a century —
from 1721 to 1820 — in a meeting-house in Acres-
field.95

The Presbyterian Church of England has St.
Andrew's, opened in 1 8^.6.x

7s The first tramways were laid in
1880 ; ibid. 509. 76 ibid. 509-11.

77 Land. Gaz. 12 Nov. 1841 ; endow-
ments of ;£8io in all have been notified
in the Gazette, It was built out of Par-
liamentary funds. There is a peal of
eight bells.

<8 The name of the church was sug-
gested by the vicar, who was of Emmanuel
College, Cambridge ; Land. Gaz. \ 2 Nov.
1841 for district; 22 Oct. 1841 and 2
Aug. 1864 for endowments.

79 Ibid. 3 June 1844.

80 It stands on the site of a chapel built
in 1803 for Scottish Presbyterians. See
ibid. 13 Apr. 1866 for district.

81 Ibid. 29 June 1866.

82 Ibid. 28 May 1880 ; for endowments
ibid. 20 May 1881 and 10 June 1881.

88 Ibid. 3 Mar. 1882. The building
funds were provided by Nathaniel and
Thomas Greenhalgh, two brothers. There
is a peal of eight bells.

84 A temporary iron church is used.

85 This account is from Scholes and
Pimblett, Bolton, 355-8. The first Wes-
leyan meeting-place was in Hotel Street ;
the authors refer to J. Musgrave's Origin
of Methodism in Bolton (1865). Wesley
visited Bolton again in 1752, 1753, and
many later years ; the last visit was in
1790, when he ' preached in the lovely
house at Bolton, to one of the loveliest

congregations in England, who by patient
continuance in well doing had turned scorn
and hatred into general esteem and good
will.'

86 Fletcher Street Chapel was opened
in 1819, Bradshaw Gate in 1849-51,
Fern Street 1871, and Victoria 1872.

87 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 366.
Owing to internal disputes and financial
difficulties, Ebenezer Chapel was disposed
of in 1 841; the minister conformed to the
Established Church and was ordained as
perpetual curate, and most of the congre-
gation followed him, and continued to
worship in the old building, which was
consecrated in 1844. From 1841 to
1852 there was a New Connexion chapel
in Lever Street.

88 Ibid. 366. In 1865 the Primitive
Methodists acquired a Baptist chapel in
Moor Lane, rebuilt in 1877.

89 Ibid. 367. This denomination began
in Bolton about 1820 as Independent
Methodists. Hanover Street Chapel was
due to a secession from the Wesleyan
schools in Ridgeway Gates.

90 Ibid. 369-74 ; B. Nightingale, Lanes.
Nonconf. iii, 16-43.

91 There seem to have been two suc-
cessive chapels on the same ground, which
was the place where Whitefield preached.
The chapel was in use in 1892 ; Night-
ingale, op. cit. 26-7. A history of it,

25O

under the title Centenary Memorials, was
published by the Rev. William Hope
Davison, the minister in 1854.

92 Rose Hill was the meeting-place of
a vegetarian society, nicknamed Dump-
lingites and regarded as Socialists. It was
then used by Wesleyans, and in 1841 was
acquired by the Mawdsley Street congre-
gation for a Sunday school; in 1864 a
school chapel was erected, and in 1870 a
separate church was constituted ; Nightin-
gale, op. cit. 41.

93 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 375-7.
King Street Chapel, said to have passed
from the Baptists in 1806, appears as a
Baptist chapel in a map of 1824.

94 Moravian Ch. in Lanes. (1888), 16, 17.

95 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 353.
There were Quakers in Bolton as early as
1675.

96 A number of Scotchmen attending
Duke's Alley Chapel formed a separate
congregation in 1 803, building a chapel at
the junction of Moor Lane and Deansgate,
now occupied by St. Paul's Church. After
a few years the Presbyterian Chapel had
to be closed, and was used by several
denominations in succession. A new start
was made in 1837, and this led to St.
Andrew's being built ; Scholes and Pim-
blelt, op. cit. 374-5. The old chapel was
occupied by Baptists in 1819, and after-
wards by Unitarians ; ibid. 376.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

In Bolton, as elsewhere, the original Nonconformist
chapel is now in the hands of Unitarians. Richard
Goodwin, the vicar ejected in 1662, licensed a house
in Deansgate in 1672, during the temporary ' indul-
gence,' and ministered there till his death in i685.97
He was succeeded by John Lever and Robert Seddon,
also ejected ministers ; the latter acquired a house in

1 Windy Bank, now Bank Street, and the new chapel
was opened in 1696, just after its founder's death.
Unitarian doctrine began to prevail about 1750; a
number of the members seceded, joining the Duke's
Alley congregation.98 A second Unitarian chapel, for
secessionists, existed from 1821 to about 1840 ; and
in 1868 Commission Street Chapel was opened,99 re-
placed later by one in Deane Road.

» There are some unsectarian religious agencies, as
the Queen Street Mission and Gospel Union Mission.
The Salvation Army has a citadel. There is also a
Spiritual Church.

As might have been expected in so Puritan a town
Roman Catholicism disappeared, and 'a hundred years
ago a man dared scarcely proclaim himself a Roman
Catholic in Bolton, so bitter was the popular senti-
ment against the principles of his church.' 10° Mass
was once again said in the town about 1 800 in an
obscure room in the Old Acres, near the site of
St. Patrick's, and after some years the church of
St. Peter and St. Paul was built on Bolton Moor, and
opened in 1803 ; it was rebuilt in 1897. Two
other churches were opened in 1861 — St. Edmund's
and St. Patrick's.191

The original school, near the parish church, was
founded in I524.101 It was united about 1656 with
the foundation of Robert Lever in 1 64 1 , the present
grammar school being the representative of both.103
Dr. Lempriere, author of the Classical Dictionary, was
one of the masters.104

LITTLE BOLTON

The principal part of this township, containing the
northern half of Bolton-le-Moors, is bounded on the
south by the Croal, on the east by Tonge Brook, and
on the north by Astley Brook. The township pro-
jects north of the last-named brook, including part of
Astley Bridge. It has also three detached portions
intermingled with Sharpies ; one of them adjoins
Smithills Park and contains the Thorns, another
stretching across from Halliwell on the west to Tur-
ton on the east includes the hamlets of Eagley and
Horrocks Fold ; the third, to the north of this, has a
small hamlet called Hampsons. The area of the whole
is 1,779 acres. By various modern changes of boun-
daries this has been reduced to 728 acres,1 of which the
population in 1901 was 45,333.

The town is of comparatively recent growth, the oldest
portion being that opposite the parish church on the
north bank of the Croal, and to the east of Bank Street
and its continuation, formerly called Manor Street, and
now Kay Street. This street turns west to join the
road to Blackburn, a northward continuation of Bridge
Street in Great Bolton, now one of the principal
thoroughfares of Little Bolton. From Bank Street,
another street — Barn Street and Folds Road — goes
north-east to Turner Bridge, where it crosses the Tonge.
From this point Waterloo Street proceeds north-west to
cross Blackburn Road, and is continued as Halliwell
Road. From Bridge Street, St. George's Road leads
west to Chorley Old Road, from which Chorley New
Road branches off. Marsden Street leads south from
St. George's Road into Great Bolton. These are the
main thoroughfares on which the northern half of the
town has been formed.

Gilnow lies on the south-west border.2 Some dis-
tricts are called from the rising ground on which they
are built, as Mill Hill in the east and School Hill
near the centre.

In this township are a small part of Bolton or Queen's
Park, Thomasson Park, with its museum, and a recrea-
tion ground beside the Tonge. The corporation has
gas-works near Folds Road.

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's line from
Bolton to Blackburn passes through the south-east
corner, and has a branch to Astley Bridge, with goods
stations. The electric tramways serve for passengers.

Although in 1666 there were seventy-one hearths
liable to the tax, only one house had as many as four
hearths.3

What has been said regarding the industries of Great
Bolton applies generally to this township. There are
large cotton mills, bleach works, engineering and
machine works, where all kinds of cotton-spinning
machinery are made.

Like Great Bolton this township was governed by
the officers appointed annually at the court leet ; the
principal was called the borough reeve, in imitation of
the other township, for Little Bolton was never a
borough. On the incorporation of Bolton in 1838
the greater part of Little Bolton was included, and
the remainder has now come within the borough.
Under the first Improvement Act of 1792 a town hall
was built in Little Bolton in 1826 ; it is now used as
a branch of the free library. Another Improvement
Act was obtained in 1830. For Astley Bridge, includ-
ing parts of Little Bolton and Sharpies, a local board
was formed in 1864.*

Like Great Bolton LITTLE BOLTON

M4NOR was part of the Marsey fee, being in 1212

held of Randle de Marsey by Roger de

Bolton as one plough-land, by the service of the

twelfth part of a knight's fee.4 The Bolton family

97 Afterwards the Woolpack Inn ; see
Lanes, and Ches. Hist, and Gen. Notes, ii,
159.

S3 Nightingale, op. cit. iii, 3-15 ; Scholes
and Pimblett, op. cit. 345-53. Reference
is made to Baker's Rise and Progress of
Nonconformity in Bolton.

99 Ibid. 353. 100 Ibid. 378.

I01 Ibid. 379. 102 Ibid< 393>

103 End. Char. Rep. for Bolton County
Borough, 1904 ; Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 13.
For the school library see Christie's Old
Lanes, Libraries (Chet. Soc.), III.

io-» Pal. N«te Bk. ii, 58.

1 Including 22 acres of inland water;
Census Rep. of 1901. As an independent
township it ceased to exist in 1895, being
merged in the new township of Bolton ;
Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 33407.

2 In 1773 tne tenement called 'Gil-
nough ' in Little Bolton was assigned by
James Livesey of Great Bolton, innkeeper,
to James Marsland at £25 rent ; it had
been lately occupied in succession by
Richard Livesey and John his son. It had
been leased to the Liveseys in 1 7 1 7 by John
Moss of Manchester ; Free Lib. D. Man-
chester, no. 117.

251

8 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

4 Land. Gaz. 28 Jan. 1864.

8 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71. Roger de Bolton,
perhaps a son, occurs in 1254 ; ibid. 193;
while in 1302 the heirs of Robert of
Little Bolton held the twelfth part of a
fee; ibid. 314. The Plea Rolls give
little assistance. In 1253 Roger of Little
Bolton was one of several defendants in a
claim for money owing ; Curia Regis R.
148, m. 42 d. ; 154, m. 9 d. ; while in
1292 John and Alexander, sons of Roger,
were non-suited in a claim to prove their

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

continued to hold this manor —
which included Haulgh, part
of Tonge, and parts of Shar-
pies— down to the iyth cen-
tury. But little is known of
them. Roger de Bolton died
in 1421 holding the manor of
Little Bolton by the services
mentioned ; Roger his son and
heir was twenty- four years of
age.8 Another Roger Bolton
died in 1473 holding the ma-

Bo L T O N.

falcon argent.

Sable

— r / •/ *-*

nor, leaving as heir his son Robert, twenty-two years
of age.7 William Bolton, the son and heir of Robert,
died 14 October 1554 in possession of the manor and

lands in Little Bolton, Great Bolton, and Tonge,
rendering the services above stated, and leaving his
son Robert, then twenty-three years of age, as his
heir.8 Robert died six years later, leaving as heir his
son Robert, only eleven years old.9 The younger
Robert died in 1579, and the heir, his son Richard,
was again a minor eight years of age.10 Richard
Bolton in 1599 sold or mortgaged the manor and
all or most of his lands to Robert Bolton " of Acton
Grange near Frodsham, who died in 1604," but he
recovered possession of at least a portion of the estate,
and in 1 6 1 o transferred the manor to Thomas Ireland
and Thomas Heaton.13

The former of these, Sir Thomas Ireland of Bewsey,
died possessed of the manor in 1625," and a few years

freedom against Roger de Bolton ; Assize
R. 408, m. 29 ; and Ellis son of Henry
de Tonge unsuccessfully claimed a tene-
ment in Great Bolton against the same
Roger ; ibid. m. 8, 44. Roger de Bolton
held a third part of Duxbury in 1288 ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 270. Robert son
of William de Bolton was defendant to a
claim for lands m Tonge and Great Bolton
in 1278 ; Assize R. 1268, m. n d., I2d.
In 1292 Roger and William de Bolton
attested a Farnworth charter ; Lever
Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103), no. 52. In
1299 Robert de Bolton and Roger the
Clerk of Little Bolton are witnesses ; ibid.
no. 72. Roger de Bolton occurs in 1321 ;
ibid. no. 86.

Roger de Middleton (tie for Little Bol-
ton) in 1324 held ' a hamlet called Bolton '
by homage and the service of the twelfth
part of a knight's fee ; also paying lod. a
year for ward of Lancaster Castle, and
zs. 6d. for sake fee ; Dods. MSS. cxxxi,
fol. 37^. About the same time Roger de
Bolton was plaintiff and defendant in suits
concerning Little Bolton and Tonge, his
opponent being John de Tonge ; Assize
R. 425, m. 2 ; R. 426, m. 7 d.

Again in 1346 Roger de Bolton held
the twelfth part of a knight's fee in Little
Bolton and paid zs. 6d. ; Add. MS. 32103,
fol. 146.

In suits of 1351 and later, Robert son
of Roger de Bolton and Margaret his wife
were parties ; see the account of Moston.

Roger de Bolton settled his manor of
Little Bolton on his son Robert and his
issue by Margaret his wife, as stated in a
deed of 1385 respecting the marriage of
Robert's son Roger ; Rivington D. in
possession of Mr. W. H. Lever. The
last-named Roger had a son Robert living
in 1445 ; see the account of Riving-
ton.

Robert de Bolton was witness to a
Great Lever deed in 1378, and Richard de
Bolton to an Anderton one in 1399 ;
Lever Chartul. no. 101, 105.

8 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 144 ;
in a note it is added ' Roger son of Robert
Bolton had a pardon 3 Hen. V. — Patent
Roll.' John son of Ellis de Bradshagh in
1410 acknowledged a debt of £100 to
Roger son of Robert de Bolton ; Towne-
ley MS. RR, no. 1628. Another version
of the inquisition is dated 5 Hen. V,
and Roger the son is stated to be twenty
years of age ; Harl. MS. 2085, fol. 444^.
For the livery of the manor see Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 20.

Roger de Bolton held the sixth part of
a knight's fee in 1431 ; Feudal Aids, iii,
96.

In 1445-6 it was recorded that Roger de

Bolton held the tenth part of a knight's
fee in Bolton and Tonge ; Duchy of
Lane. Knights' Fees, 2/20. At the same
time Roger de Bolton and his sons Roger
and John are mentioned ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 8, m. 2.

7 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 101 ;
the clear value of the manor is given as
52*. 4</. There was, however, another
inquisition made many years later, in
1504, when it was found that Roger
Bolton died 3 Apr. 1482, and that Robert
his son and next heir was then twenty-
four years of age. The estate is called
the manor of Little Bolton, ten messuages,
100 acres of land, 30 acres of meadow,
10 acres of wood, 60 acres of moor, and
200 acres of pasture, held of the king as
of his duchy by knight's service, and
worth £10 clear a year. Robert the son
was living in 1504; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. ii, no. 13.

Roger Bolton in 1472 complained of an
assault upon him at Little Bolton by
Roger Hulton of Hulton and others of the
family ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton, file
12 Edw. IV.

Robert Bolton in 15 28 granted to Roger
Brownlow certain lands in Little Bolton
and an attachment of the stream at Long-
eyes in exchange ; Harl. MS. 2112, fol.
132^/168^. William the son and heir of
Robert Bolton had livery of the manor
and estates in 1551 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xxxix, App. 550.

In 1549 there was a suit between Wil-
liam Bolton and Ellen Bolton, widow,
alias Rawson ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 99.

8 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 8.
The inquisition recites a grant by Robert
the father of William to Agnes widow of
Richard Worthington, including Howcroft,
with lands in Little Bolton, for her life ;
she was still living. William Bolton was
also seised of the services of George
Haulgh, Archdeacon William Knight, and
Roger Lever, for certain lands in Bolton,
&c. For the livery to Robert son and
heir of William, see Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xxxix, App. 551.

9 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 54.
William Bolton the father of Robert had
held Bolton Hall, twenty messuages, a
water-mill, &c., and had in 1 545 granted
to a younger son, Edmund Bolton, a tene-
ment in Little Bolton for life. Robert
Bolton had granted annuities to George
Bolton of Clement's Inn, and Edmund
and Peter Bolton ; the two last were his
brothers. Before his death he made some
provision for his daughters Jane, Barbara,
and Margaret.

A settlement by Robert Bolton the

252

elder was made in 1558; Pal of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 20, m. 19.

Edmund Bolton was defendant in 1586;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 189.

The wardship and marriage of the heir
were granted to Christopher Anderton ;
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 551.

10 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 15.
Particulars of former grants are given ;
Edmund the son of William Bolton the
grandfather was still living ; Elizabeth
the widow of William was in possession
of her dower lands and living at Chester ;
Eleanor widow of Robert son of William
was living at Pennington. Robert the
son of Robert had a wife Lettice and
daughters Alice, Margaret, Harebottell,
and Jane ; he had bequeathed to Robert
Bolton, son of the above-named Edmund,
the house, &c., held by Edmund for life.
An entail on the heirs male had been
made in 1579, the day before Robert's
death.

11 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 61,
no. 173. The purchaser was probably the
Robert son of Edmund of the preceding
note. The grant included the manor,
with messuages, water-mill, and lands in
Great and Little Bolton, Sharpies, Tonge,
and Haulgh.

12 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, ii : the 'manor' is not named,
but there were twenty messuages, a fulling-
mill, 100 acres of land, &c., which Robert
Bolton by his will gave to his brother
Peter, together with all moneys due for
the redemption of the same. Eleanor
widow of Robert the grandfather of Richard
Bolton was still living at Pennington as
widow of James Starkie ; and Lettice
widow of Robert the father was living at
Little Bolton as widow of Thomas Mort.
The next-of-kin of the deceased Robert
Bolton was his nephew Robert son of
William Bolton.

Peter Bolton, to whom the estate had
been bequeathed, died in 1605, but the
inquisition was not taken till 1612.
Eleanor Starkie died in 1609, but Lettice
Mort was still living ; the heir, as before,
was Robert son of William Bolton ; ibid,
i, 196.

18 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 78,
no. 43 ; the manor of Little Bolton and
lands, &c., in that township only were
included. See also Lanes, and Cbes. Recs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 242, 244.
There was a recovery of the manor in
1622; Com. Pleas Recov. R. Hil. 1 9 Jas. I,
m. 9.

14 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvi,
no. 58 ; the tenure was knight's service.
Sir Thomas also held the tithes of the
township.

SALFORD HUNDRED

EOLTON-LE-MOORS

later it was by his son Thomas
included in a settlement.15 It
descended to Gilbert Ireland
of Hale,16 and by him was sold
in 1670 to Thomas Mars-
den.17 A later Thomas Mars-
den 18 by his will directed a
sale, and John Moss of Man-
chester, woollen draper, pur-
chased it in 1 7 1 6 ; 19 he was
succeeded by his son John
Moss,10 and his grandson James
Moss," who died without issue.
The manor then went to the

TIPPING. Argent a
bull's head erased sable,
armed or, on a chief of
the second three f Aeons
of the field.

heir-at-law, John Gartside of Manchester, a cousin,
who died in 1817, having bequeathed this manor and
other estates to his nephew Thomas Tipping." The

new lord was in 1 846 succeeded by his son Gartside,
and in 1890 by the latter's son Mr. Henry Thomas
Gartside-Tipping of Quarr Wood, Isle of Wight.

Little Bolton Hall is a small rectangular building,
its external measurement being about 46ft. 6 in. in
length by 30 ft. in width, with a slightly projecting
portion on the north side and a south-west wing
nearly 20 ft. square. Its situation is very striking.
In 1833 it was described as standing in an isolated
part on a woody bank above the River Tonge ; JJ but
the house is no longer isolated, and the high bank
on which it stands above the curve of the river on
the east side is totally bare of foliage. But though
its surroundings are mean and ugly, and it is
overshadowed on the west by a high railway viaduct,
it is not hard even now to imagine the former beauty
of its position, and the defensive strength of its site.

LITTLE BOLTON HALL

u Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 119, no.
2Z. Thomas Ireland died in 1639, leav-
ing a daughter and heir Margaret ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 9.

16 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 150,
m. 70 ; the deforciants were Sir Gilbert
Ireland and his wife Margaret, who was
the heir of Thomas Ireland.

*7 Ibid. bdle. 185, m. 124 ; the purchase
included the manor with messuages, water
grain-mill, and lands in Great and Little
Bolton and Tonge, together with tithes.

18 The remainder of this account of the
descent of the manor of Little Bolton is
taken chiefly from Scholes and Pimblett,
Hist, of Bolton, 56. They state that in
1700 the manor was settled by Thomas
Marsden on his wife Sarah daughter of
William Croxton. This Thomas may be

the Thomas Marsden son of Thomas who
matriculated from Christ Church, Oxford,
in 1665, being then seventeen years of
age; he took the M.A. degree in 1671 ;
Foster, Alumni Oxon. Thomas Marsden
was a benefactor to the church and parish
(Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 180, 182),
founding a charity school, which is still at
work, the endowment having been in-
creased by John Popplewell in 1820 ;
End. Char. Rep. for Bolton, 1 904, pp. 1 6,

71-

19 In 1729 the new owner bequeathed
the manor to his son John, but the tithes
to the support of All Saints' Church ;
Scholes and Pimblett, loc. cit. Thomas
Moss, one of the sons of John Moss, was
a fellow of Manchester Collegiate Church.

20 He settled it in 1733 on his wife

251

Mary daughter of Jeremiah Bower of
Manchester ; ibid.

81 He settled it in 1764 on his wife
Appylina daughter of James Bayley of
Manchester ; ibid.

82 See the pedigree of Gartside-Tipping
in Burke's Landed Gentry ; it is said that
Thomas was the son of John Tipping by
his wife Anne daughter and heir of Robert
Gartside. John Tipping was a cousin of
Martha wife of Samuel Clowes of Brough-
ton. In 1770 a fine respecting half the
manor of Little Bolton, &c., was made
between John and Robert Gartside, plain-
tiffs, and Samuel Clowes and Mary his
wife, deforciants ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 383, m. 76.

23 Butterworth, Statistical Sketch of Co.
Pal. of Lane.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The house is stated to have been originally of brick
and wood-and-plaster," but was entirely rebuilt in
1862, when nearly all traces of the ancient building
were lost. The roof timbers and principals of the
great hall were, however, preserved, and the south
side of the house in which the hall is situated was
rebuilt in brick between the old timber framing and
faced externally with timber and plaster on a low
stone base. This timber facing, which is continued
round the end of the hall facing east, consists of uprights
and straight and diagonal fillings, with a single centre
crosspiece, the absence of horizontal lines adding to
the apparent height of the elevation. The design,
however, does not apparently follow that of the old
building, which was of a much plainer description,
the constructive timbers only showing with wide
plaster spaces between. The rest of the house has
been rebuilt in stone in the domestic Gothic style of
the middle of the last century, with square-headed
windows and tile-covered roofs.

If the former great hall occupied the full length of
the south side of the house, it must have been about
42 ft. long by 17 ft. wide, and the spacing of the roof
principals, if following out the original arrange-
ment, seems to imply that it did so. The principals
are two in number, dividing the roof into three bays
of unequal length, the western of which is now divided
from the rest by walls, and forms a separate room
on each floor ; a floor is also inserted in the eastern bay
of the hall, so that only the middle bay is now open
to the roof. The principals come down to the floor,
resting on stone bases, the timbers being quite plain
and roughly wrought, the height from floor to ridge
being about 25 ft. The purlins are strengthened by
wind braces, and the trusses have arched braces rising
to the underside of the collars, and king-posts above
the collars. The fire-places and windows date from
1862, but the tall window which occupies the full
height of the south side of the room probably replaces
an old one of similar type. The staircase is on the
north side, and preserves its Jacobean twisted balusters
and newels. A modern gallery across the east side of

the open bay of the hall gives access to the bedroom
above. The cutting up of the hall and the intro-
duction of floors, together with the entire rebuilding,
has made the original disposition of the plan impos-
sible to follow. The house was opened in May 1908
as a church house in connexion with the parish of
St. John.

Some other owners of land in the township occur ;
as Humphrey Booth of Salford K and William Horro-
bine,26 in the ijth century. In 1782 the lands of
John Gartside paid half the land tax ; the other estates
were small.17

John Norris of Little Bolton, for some slight com-
pliance with the Royalists, had to compound for his
estate with the Commonwealth authorities in i646.*8

For the Church of England All Saints', formerly
known as the Chapel in the Fields, was built in 1726,
and rebuilt in 1871 ;* St. George's, I796;30 St.
John's, 1849 ;" St. James's, 1871;" St. Matthew's,
I876;33 St. Barnabas's ; M and at Astley Bridge, St.
Paul's, 1848, rebuilt 1869 ;3S All Souls', iSSi.36
The patronage is in various hands. Some of the
churches have benefited by the diversion of the Bolton
Lectureship endowment.

The Wesleyan Methodists have churches in Bridge
Street, built in 1803, Park Street, 1863, and three
other places in the township, as well as one at Astley
Bridge, opened in 1868. The Primitive Methodists
have two ; the New Connexion also have two : in
St. George's Road,37 and at Brownlow Fold ; the
United Free Church one, in Albert Place ; M the
Independent Methodists two, and a mission hall.39

The Congregationalists have three churches ; one of
them, in St. George's Road, claims to be the repre-
sentative of the original chapel in Duke's Alley, Great
Bolton ; it was opened in 1863.*°

The Baptists have two churches, named Claremon
and Zion, and a third is at Astley Bridge.41

The Society of Friends, removing from Great Bol-
ton, have had their place of meeting in Tipping Street
since 1820.

Among the other places of worship are a Catholic

34 Canon Raines, Notes to Gastrell's
Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc. xix), 1 2. There
is a rough drawing of the building as it
was about 1 860 now hung in one of the
upper rooms.

25 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii,
no. 44 ; no details are given.

Roger the Louerd of Little Bolton was
defendant to a suit by Adam the Purser of
Lancaster from 1327 to 1332, respecting
goods found on the moors at Bolton in
1 322 ; De Banco R. 269, m. 184 ; R. 283,
m. 233, &c.

26 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii,
no. 70 ; he died in April 1633, holding a
messuage, &c. ; his son John was eighteen
years of age. A Thomas Horobin was
defendant in 1586 in a suit respecting
lands in Tonge ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), iii, 175.

27 Land Tax Returns at Preston.

28 His landlord, Sir Orlando Bridgeman,
had, at the outbreak of the Civil War,
asked John Norris to tell the tenants that
each man should provide himself with
arms and meet the king at Nottingham.
He read the letter, but had never taken
active part for the king, and had taken
the Negative Oath and National Covenant;
he had also found two men for the Parlia-
ment, who were slain when Prince Ru-

pert took Bolton. He paid ,£15 as
composition ; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iv, 223.

39 There is a view of the original chapel
in Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 229. A dis-
trict was formed for it in 1 841 ; Land. Gam.
12 Nov. The patronage is in the hands
of five trustees of the Tipping family.

80 A district was assigned to it in 1841 ;
Land. Gam. 12 Nov. It was afterwards
endowed with £128 a year ; ibid. 28 July
1863. The vicar of Bolton is patron.
There is a peal of eight bells.

81 A district had been assigned in 1 846 ;
Land. Gaz. i o Apr. ; for endowment,
ibid. 10 Aug. 1866. The Crown and the
Bishop of Manchester present alternately.

82 The church was opened in 1869. A
district was assigned in 1872 ; Lond.Gaa.
23 Apr. ; for endowments, ibid, n July
1873 and 10 June 1881. It is in the
gift of three trustees.

88 A district was assigned in 1875 ;
Land. Gaz. 29 Oct. ; for endowment, ibid.
15 June 1877. Five trustees hold the
patronage.

84 The district was formed in 1896, but
a permanent church has not been built ;
the patronage is in the hands of the
Bishop of Manchester and the Bolton
Lectureship Trustees alternately.

254

85 A district was assigned in 1844;
Land. Gam. 3 June. The Crown and the
Bishop of Manchester present alternately.
There is a peal of five bells.

86 The patronage is vested in five
trustees.

8? Opened in 1852.

88 This chapel was originally known as
•Nimmo's,' from the Rev. David Nimmo,
an agent of the Town Mission. The
Methodists acquired it in 1857, and it
was rebuilt in 1881 ; Scholes and Pim-
blett, op. cit. 368. The New Connexion
and Free Church have recently united.

89 Their history, reaching back about a
century, has been published in S. Rothwell's
Mem. of Folds Road Chapel, 1887.

40 B. Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
30. Blackburn Road Congregational
Church was an offshoot from this ; started
in 1872, an iron church was built in
1877, and the present church was built
by Mr. W. H. Lever in memory of his
father.

41 At Astley Bridge there was a meeting
of Baptists about 1818, revived again
about 1840. Claremont Church, opened
in 1869, is a migration from Moor Lane
Chapel, Great Bolton, which had become
too small ; Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit.
376-8.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Apostolic (Irvingite) church," a New Jerusalem of the
Swedenborgians,43 a Christian meeting - house, and
several mission halls. The Welsh Calvinistic Metho-
dists have a church in Clarence Street.44

For Roman Catholic worship there is the church
of St. Mary, opened in 1 847.

TONGE-WITH-HAULGH

Tange, 1212; Tonge, 1226 and usual; Tong,
1284.

Halgh, 1338.

Tonge, as its name implies, is a tongue of land,
lying between Bradshaw and Tonge Brooks on the
east and west sides respectively ; it has an extreme
length from north to south of about 2 miles, and an
area of 830 acres. The population of Tonge and
Breightmet was 10,247 in I9OI.1

Haulgh is a similar but much smaller tongue of land
between the Croal and Tonge Brook. It has an area
of 269 acres. Physically it forms part of Little Bolton,
though joined with Tonge to make a township. The
population was in 1901 enumerated with that of
Great Bolton.*

A road from Bolton Church to Bury passes east
through Haulgh and Tonge, lined with houses all the
way, and crossing into Breightmet by Tootill Bridge.
From Little Bolton a road goes northward through
Tonge to Turton and Haslingden ; it passes through
the village of Tonge, almost in the centre of the
township, and from this point other roads go off east
towards Bury, and south to join the former road to
Bury. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's
line from Bolton to Blackburn runs north through
Tonge ; and the same company's railway from Bolton
to Bury crosses the southern end of Haulgh, and has
a station there called Darcy Lever. The Bolton and
Manchester Canal, begun in 1791, starts in Haulgh

at the border of Little Bolton, and goes through the
township close to the Croal.

The northern end of Haulgh has long been a
suburb of Bolton ; the southern end is practically part
of Darcy Lever. It contains cotton mills, bleach
works, and a paper mill. The Bradford Park recrea-
tion ground lies beside the Tonge River. The
Chadwick Orphanage is in Haulgh.

Tonge contains one of the Bolton cemeteries at its
southern end,3 with the village of Tonge Fold on the
Bury road. In the centre is Tonge Moor, with
Thicketford to the west. To the north of these lie
respectively Lower Wood and Fir Wood. There are
several cotton mills, bleach works, dye works, and a
paper mill. A colliery is worked ; bricks formerly
were made.

A popular festival called Tonge Fold or 'Turn
Fowt ' wakes was celebrated on 29 May.4

A barrow in Haulgh was opened in 1821. |

Alexander Norris's house had six hearths liable to
the tax in 1666 ; there were sixty others in the
smaller houses.5

Haulgh was incorporated with Bolton on the forma-
tion of the borough in 1838, and was merged in the
new township of Bolton in 1895.** In 1898 Tonge
also was included within the township and borough.515
In 1 2 1 2 it was found that Gilbert de
MANORS Tonge held an oxgang of land in TONGE
by 4/. rent.6 The estate continued in the
local family for some time,7 for in 1346 William de
Tonge was holding 60 acres in Tonge in Bolton in
socage by the ancient rent of 4/.8 Later it was
divided ; one half being held by the Haugh or Haulgh
family by a tenure variously described, and the
remainder by the Hiltons of Brindle.9

In the latter moiety was the house known as the
Hall i' th' Wood,10 held in the 1 6th century by a
family named Brownlow,11 and later by a branch of

49 It was opened in 1877.

48 This denomination, known in Bolton
in 1781, had a meeting-place in Bury Street
early last century. This was abandoned to
the Latter Day Saints in 1 844. and the pre-
sent church erected. Samuel Crompton, the
inventor, was connected with this society ;
Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 378, quoting
James Dakeyn's Hist, of the Bolton Neiu
Ch. Soc.

44 This was opened in 1872.

1 Census Returns. a Ibid.

8 It was opened in 1857.

4 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 87.

s Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

6a Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 334.07.

sb By the Bolton, &c. Extension Act,
1898. It had been made a township in
1894 ; Loc. Govt. Bd. Order 31690.

6 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71 ; see also pp. 137,
301.

In 1278 Gilbert de la Greenhurst
claimed two messuages and various lands
in Tonge against Robert son of William
de Bolton and Alexander de Wood, as his
inheritance ; Assize R. 1268, m. I2d.

A part of Tonge, probably afterwards
included in the holding of the Haugh
family, was parcel of the Marsey fee of Bol-
ton ; Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Hebby), i, 37.

7 Elias de Tonge occurs in 1254 and
1288 ; Inq. and Extents, i, 193, 270; in
'he latter year he held a third part of Dux-
bury. John de Tonge also occurs in
i 288 ; ibid. 268. Ellis son of Henry de

Tonge occurs in 1292; Assize R. 408,
m. 8, 44.

In 1310 John son of Ellis de Tonge
was pardoned for the death of William de
Sharpies ; Cal. Pat. 1307-13, p. 298. He
in 1324 held the oxgang by 4*. for sake
fee ; Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 37^. John
and William de Tonge contributed to the
subsidy in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 37.

8 Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146.

9 In 1445-6 John Haugh and Hugh
de Hilton of Brindle, heirs of William
Tonge, held 40 acres in socage as an
escheat, each rendering zs. yearly ; Duchy
of Lane. Knights' Fees, 2/20. An ac-
count of the Halgh or Haugh family is
given below. Oliver Hilton was in 1525
the owner, and Roger Hilton the occu-
pier, of a messuage, 10 acres of land, &c.,
in Tonge ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
n, m. 174.

10 See a full account of the house by
Mr. W. Fergusson Irvine, in Trans. Hist.
Soc. (new ser.), xix— xx, 1-41 ; there are
views and a plan. This has been used in
the following notes.

11 Lawrence Brownlow in 1483 demised
to Roger his son and heir and Margaret
his wife certain land in Little Bolton ;
Huntroyde D. B 19 (by Mr. Anderton).

Roger, son and heir of Lawrence
Brownlow, in 1499 granted to Robert
Bolton of Little Bolton certain land in
' Heghes in Warthes ' in the hamlet of
Tonge in Bolton, at a rent of 61. So1. ;

255

for this an exchange seems to have been
made in 1528 ; Harl. MS. 2112, fol.
132^/168^. Roger's son Lawrence was
in 1499 to marry Margery daughter of
Robert Bolton ; Huntroyde D. B 20.

Lawrence Brownlow by his will dated
1550 left all his lands in Tonge held of
Oliver Hilton to his son Roger, with the
provision that none of the sapling trees
were to be sold. His widow, while un-
married, was to have Lower Wood in
Tonge, with liberty to 'get coals' (or
turf). A burgage in Bolton and land in
Longholme, ' parcel of his demesne of
Wood,' were left to Roger ; the younger
sons were to be ' kept to learning at good
schools ' until they could read and write ;
Irvine, op. cit. 24-7. By 1 560 the widow
had married again, and the younger chil-
dren tried to obtain the house, &c., given
to the widow ; ibid. 30 (quoting Duchy
of Lane. Plead. Eliz. xliv, no. 19).

The inventory of the goods of Roger
Brownlow of Tonge was exhibited by his
son Lawrence on 28 Feb. 1577-8 ; Roger
seems to have died in the previous
August ; ibid. 27-9. It begins with a
'Bible of the largest volume," worth lot.

A settlement of the capital messuage,
water-mill, two fulling-mills, with other
houses, lands, &c., in Tonge, Bolton, and
Turton, was made in 1581 by Lawrence
Brownlow and Roger son and heir of
Charles Brownlow ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 43, m. 187. Roger was the
cousin of Lawrence ; there had been a

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

the Morris family." Christopher Norris, who died
in 1639, held fifteen messuages, a corn-mill, two
fulling mills, and lands in Tonge of the heirs of
Edward Hilton, late of Brindle, in socage, by a rent
of l 2</.13 Alexander Norris, his son, took the Parlia-
ment's side in the Civil War, and was treasurer of the
Sequestration Committee in Lancashire.14 His elder
daughter Alice married John Starkie of the Huntroyde
family,15 and Hall i' th' Wood descended in this
family until iSgg.16

Hall i' th' Wood, as it is usually called, stands in
what must formerly have been a romantic situation
near the edge of Tonge Moor, crowning a steep cliff
overlooking the Eagley Brook. Of the woodland
which gave the house its name little or nothing
remains, though the view up the valley northwards
yet retains some elements of picturesqueness. The
approach to the house was formerly only from the
moor, the road down the hillside on the north being
of comparatively modern date.

NORRIS. Quarterly ar-
gent and gules, in the se-
cond and third quarters
a fret or, over all a feat
azure.

STARKIE of Hunt-
royde. Argent a bend
sable between six storks
proper.

The original house was a timber and plaster build-
ing on a low stone base, dating probably from the
end of the I5th or beginning of the i6th century,
A stone-built north-west wing was added in 1591.
and in the middle of the 1 7th century a south-west
wing and a south porch, also of stone. The 17th-
century work harmonizes very well with the earlier
timbered building, producing a very picturesque if
unpremeditated effect as the house is approached from
the south-east.

The bui'di -g, which is of two stories with attics,
roofed with stone slates, is very irregular in plan, and
follows no recognized type. The older part of the
house, however, preserves the usual arrangement of
the great hall, standing north and south, with screens
and passage at the lower end, though the screens have
now disappeared. Beyond the passage to the north
are two rooms, presumably the former kitchen and

pantries, but this part of the building has been so
much altered in later times, and in the recent restora-
tion, that the exact arrangement has been lost.

The history of the house would seem to be as
follows : — The original building of timber and plaster
which now forms the whole of the east and part of
the south side was probably in form and extent much
as at present, with the main roof of the hall running
north and south, and with a cross roof at the north
end. The plan may have been T-shaped, with a
very short cross-piece, but was most probably a paral-
lelogram about 55ft. long and 23ft. wide, with a
slightly projecting wing at the north-east. The whole
of this building was presumably of timber and plaster
on a stone base. Later the north and north-west
sides were rebuilt in stone, and at the same time the
west wall of the north front appears to have been
advanced about 6 ft., giving more space to the kitchen
and room over. From the middle to the end of the
1 6th century Hall i' th' Wood preserved its original
plan with the exception of this extension on the north-
west, but its aspect must have been much changed by
the stone facing on its north and west sides. The
thickness of the wall between the kitchen and the later
extension westward, and the signs of weather on its
west face, would seem to show that it was originally
built as an outer wall, and the arrangement of the
roof and ceiling beams of the north part of the build-
ing suggests that it is later than the first timber build-
ing.

The date of the north-west wing (1591) is over
the fireplace in the bedroom on the first floor, toge-
ther with the initials L ^ B> which stand for Lawrence
and Bridget (?) Brownlow. The staircase may have
been built at the same time,17 but a joint in the
masonry near the angle between it and the north-
west wing would seem to suggest that it was rebuilt
or refaced at a later date. The north-west wing
along with all the exterior stone walling on the north
side of the house is of rough coursed rubble with
dressed quoins.

A further addition to the house was the south-west!
wing added by Alexander Norris in 1648, the south'
porch and south-west staircase being built at the same
time. This later portion of the house is faced with
ashlar, and has a stone gable to the west with a semi-
hexagonal bay window on each floor.

The junction of the 17th-century building with
the older timber and plaster work is rather clumsily
effected at the top, the stone parapet of Norris's ex-
tension butting awkwardly against the side of the
timber gable, but otherwise the old and the new work

dispute, ending in Lawrence's making a
lease of part of the estate to the use of
Charles Brownlow and his heirs male,
and in 1594 Lawrence the younger son
of Charles claimed possession, his elder
brother Roger having died without a son ;
Irvine, op. cit. 30—2 (quoting Duchy of
Lane. Plead. Eliz. clxii, B, 12; clxviii,
B, 17). It seems to be the will (1622)
of this Lawrence son of Charles which is
printed ibid. 29.

Lawrence Brownlow of the Hall built
a north-west wing in 1591, as the initials
in one of the rooms prove. He died in
1634, and his heir then sold the estate
to Christopher Norris ; ibid. 9, 10, 12.
He was among the freeholders in 1600,
and contributed to the subsidy in 1622 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,

248, 159. He founded a corn charity.
He had a son and heir Lawrence ; Hunt-
royde D. B 80-2.

A fine of 1587 regarding the fourth
part of an estate in Tonge and Salford,
belonging to Alice Balshaye, may have
reference to this township ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 49, m. 244.

19 For an account of this family see
Ormerod, Parentalia, 48-54. The first
known member of this branch was Alex-
ander Norris, a prosperous tradesman of
Bolton, who died in 1603 ; his will is
printed by Mr. Irvine, op. cit. 32. Chris-
topher Norris was one of his sons, and
was a clothier in Bolton.

13 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m., xxx, no.
26; Irvine, op. cit. 36 (will at p. 35).
He also held houses and lands in Bolton

256

and Turton. The rent paid for Tonge
shows that there is another portion not
accounted for. Alexander the son and-
heir was thirty-five years of age.

14 Ibid. 17. He built the south-west
wing, the stone-fronted part of the house..
He retained his connexion with the Bol-
ton business. His will with inventory is
printed ibid. 37-40.

15 The manor of Tonge is named in a
deed of 1713 between Piers Starkie of
the one part and John Starkie of the
other, enrolled in the Common Pleas ;
R. 40, Hil. 17 Geo. III.

16 Irvine, op. cit. 19-23, 40.

*7 The position of the original staircase
can only be conjectured. It may have
been in any of three places, at the north-
west, at the south-west, or at the north.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

harmonize well enough, and the idea of the long low
windows of the timber portion is to some extent
carried out in stone in the later work.

The timber framing of the older part of the house
is of the usual type in this part of Lancashire, with
massive upright and cross pieces, the spaces being
filled in with variously ornamented panels. The
upper floor stands forward on a slightly projecting
cove, and there is a second cove at the level of the
eaves, and carried across the gables. Both gables are
without barge-boards, and each has a five-light attic
window. The north-east bay is treated a little more
carefully than the rest, having roughly-carved brackets
set at intervals in the plaster cove, while the sill-
piece above them is also carved with a square-leafed
pattern.

The south porch is of two stories, and projects 8 ft.
from the face of the building. The entrance is under
a semicircular arch with moulded impost and label.

extension and the ashlar facing of sixty years later.
The north elevation has been a good deal rebuilt,
especially the west end, through the removal (c. 1890)
of some later buildings, which were damaged by a
landslip consequent on encroachments by the Eagley
Brook.

The hall, which is flagged with stone, measures
about 30 ft. long from north to south and 22 ft. in
width, and though a good deal repaired it now pre-
sents something like its original appearance. The
north, east, and south sides show the timber construc-
tion, and the west side is occupied by a large stone
fireplace rebuilt in the recent restoration and by two
doors leading respectively to the two staircases. The
two doors formerly on the north side of the passage
through the screens are now open to the hall, and
had till recently on the north side a lobby, now
partly thrown into the kitchen. The hall has a
plastered ceiling 1 2 ft. 6 in. high, crossed by massive

TONGE : HALL i' TH' WOOD

Over this is a stone bearing the initials ANA, being
those of Alexander Norris and Anne his wife. Above
is a five-light mullioned and transomed window, with
three lights on each return, lighting a small chamber
on the first floor. A moulded string-course runs below
and above the window, and the parapet is plain with
a modern sundial (replacing an older one) on the prin-
cipal face, and terminates in a string-course and
straight-moulded coping ornamented with spiked
finials. These finials are continued along the parapet
and gable of Norris's building, and are, with the south
doorway, the only evidence of distinctly Renaissance
feeling on the outside of the house.18 There are four
lead rain-water heads bearing the date 1648, and one
of them on the west side has the initials ANA- The
west elevation is very irregular, and shows well the
contrast between the rubble walling of Brownlow's

beams, and is lighted on the south end by a low
transomed window of twelve lights, and on the east
by another of six lights. There is also a range of
windows placed high up at the north end of the east
wall, the three north lights of which formerly lit the
passage through the screen.

The north-west staircase is of oak with steps radi-
ating from a central newel and built up between walls
in a space measuring about I o ft. by 9 ft. The rooms
to the north of the hall have no particular interest.
Both have plaster ceilings crossed by beams, that
known as the kitchen being lighted on the north by a
six-light stone mullioned window, and the other — now
used by the caretaker — by a low ten- light mullioned
window on the east. The ground-floor room of the
north-west wing, which is styled the dining-room,
and sometimes the larder, has two low three-light

18 A formal garden with gates, balustrades, and obelisks has been lately laid out on the south and west, and rather adds emphasis
to the late detail.

257

33

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

mullioned windows on the west side and a two-light
window facing south. There is no internal plaster
on its stone walls.

On the east side is a wood-and-plaster partition on
a low stone base, with a door at each end leading to
the passage, the upper part left open and filled in
with battens I in. square set diagonally. The pas-
sage leads to an outer doorway on the north side of

GROUND FLOOR

GROUND AND FIRST FLOOR PLANS OF HALL
i' TH' WOOD

the building, evidently a later insertion, as part of the
projecting wall of the north-west wing is cut away to
allow for it. At the other end the passage opens into
the staircase bay, from which there is an outer door
on the west. The screen arrangement between this
room and the kitchen, and the convenient proximity
of the room to the great hall staircase, suggests that
it has been used as a dining-room.

The new parlour or drawing-room, built by
Alexander Norris, measures 2 2 ft. by 1 8 ft. exclusive
of the bay, which has a projection of 6 ft. In addi-
tion to the bay window it is lighted by a ten-light
mullioned and transomed window on the south side.
The oak panelling and fireplace were placed here in
1904, and were no part of the fittings of the house,
having been brought from Buntingford, Hertfordshire.
The ceiling is a modern copy of one formerly in an
old house in Deansgate, Bolton. The 17th-century
oak staircase, which opens to this room, has a small
open well, and is a charming bit of work. It has some
good Jacobean ornament, especially in the spandrel
facing the entrance porch.

There are four distinct levels on the first floor,
accounted for by the difference of height between the
great hall and the older rooms on the north side of
it, and the two subsequent additions to the house.
To this is due the space or cavity I o ft. by 5 ft. high,
with no window, at the north end of the hall under
the upper corridor, to which access is gained by a hole
near the ceiling on the east side of the kitchen.

There are three rooms over the great hall, the most
important being that at the south end known as
Crompton's room, which has windows on two sides,
and over the fireplace a plaster panel on which are
the arms of Starkie. Of the two smaller rooms one
is lit only by a small two-light stone window in the
narrow space between the staircase bay and Norris's
wing. The preservation of some light on this side
of the house in the upper floor probably determined
the width of the 17th-century addition. The roof
spaces, which are open and lit by windows in each
principal gable, have floors of beaten clay.

In an inventory of goods attached to the will of
Alexander Norris (24 April 1672) the following rooms
and places are named at Hall i' th' Wood. All the
rooms cannot now be identified, but the new parlour
may be taken to mean the ground-floor room of the
south-west wing, and the new parlour chamber the
room above it.

The Greene Parlour

The [name undecipher-
able] Chamber

Room [name undecipher-
able]

The Kitchen

The Larder

The Hall

The New Parlour

The New Parlor Cham-
ber.

The Closet

Granny's Chamber

The Red Chamber

The Seller

The Miller's Roome

The Chamber over the

Miller's

The Workehouse
The Barn
The Mill

The five last were probably outside the limit of
the present house.

Hall i' th' Wood, built originally presumably by a
Brownlow, continued to be the residence of that
family till about 1637, when it was purchased by
Christopher Norris. Alexander Norris probably took
up his residence here when his father died in 1639,
and settled the hall on his daughter Alice, on her
marriage with John Starkie, c. 1656. Alice Starkie,
who became a widow in 1665, seems to have lived
at the hall for some years before her father's death in
1672, and continued to reside there till the time of
her own decease in 1683. The house appears
to have remained unoccupied till 1689, when her
second son Nicholas Starkie came to live there, but he

258

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

left before 1697. The Starkies have left their arms
in plaster over the fireplace in a room over the hall.
With the 1 8th century Hall i' th' Wood entered on
evil days. It rapidly fell from its high estate and was
divided into tenements and let to farm labourers and
weavers. One of these was the father of Samuel
Crompton, the inventor of the spinning mule, who
came to live there soon after I/53-19 Here Cromp-
ton spent his childhood and youth, and it was in
Hall i' th' Wood that he invented and perfected his
machine, which at first was called after the name of
the house. The Cromptons lived on the south side
of the house, probably in the rooms over the drawing-
room and the south end of the great hall. The latter
room is still called ' Crompton's Room.' He brought
his spinning mule to perfection after five years' arduous
labour, and he is said to have hidden his invention in
the loft above in fear of the machine-wreckers who
were then ravaging the district. Two small subscrip-
tions were made for him,20 and in 1812 the Govern-
ment granted him £ 5,000. This he invested
unfortunately, and died in Bolton in 1827 in
poverty.21 The Cromptons left Hall i' th' Wood in
1785, and from that date down to 1895 the house
was occupied by one family of tenant farmers. In
order to evade the window tax the first-floor windows
in the east gable were for a long time boarded up.
The bottom part of the old newel staircase was cut
away and the space made into a pantry. Two other
staircases had been introduced, one behind the screen
and another between the dining-room and the kitchen,
and the building had generally suffered very much from
dilapidation and alteration. In 1899 it was purchased
by Mr. W. H. Lever, who handed it over to the
corporation of Bolton together with a sum of money

for its restoration. The restoration was very care-
fully carried out, the windows which had formerly
been blocked up opened out, the old staircase restored
in the lower story, and the more modern staircases
removed. The building was opened to the public
as a museum in July 1902. The exhibits are chiefly
meant to illustrate the cotton-spinning industry, and
the life and work of Crompton, but there are in addition
a large number of pieces of ancient furniture, &c.,
principally belonging to the i6th and I7th centuries.

Little further is on record regarding this part of
the township.22

The manor of HAULGH appears to have been
taken from Bolton.23 It is mentioned as early as
1338, when there was a suit regarding it.24 It was
held for many generations by a family using the local
surname, who, as above stated, also held a moiety of
Tonge.*5 Roger Haugh died on 25 November 1513,
holding ten messuages, 200 acres of land, &c., in ' the
Haghe, a hamlet of Bolton,' of Robert Bolton, by the
service of a rose annually ; Richard, his son and heir,
was fifteen years of age.'"6 John Haugh died there
2 February 1596—7 holding the family estates, leav-
ing a son and heir John, aged twelve.27 The younger
John died in 1619, holding Haulgh by the same ser-
vice of Sir Thomas Ireland as lord of Little Bolton,
and was succeeded by his brother George, about
twenty-seven years of age.28 About this time the
manor was sold to the Bridgemans, and has descended
regularly to the Earl of Bradford.29

The land tax in 1796 was entirely paid by the
holdings of — Starkie and Sir Henry Bridgeman.80

TongeMoor was inclosed in i8i8.sl

In connexion with the Church of England St.
Augustine's, Tonge Moor, was erected in 1884-6;

19 The Crompton family occur in the
township from the i6th century; thus
Lawrence Brownlow's walk-mill was in
1550 occupied by a William Crompton ;
Irvine, op. cit 25. The will of Betty
Crompton of Hall i' th' Wood, widow, was
proved in 1799 ; she left her little property
to her three children — Samuel Crompton,
Rebecca Horrocks, and Mary Hamer ;
ibid. 41. Samuel was born at Firwood
Fold in the north-west corner of Tonge
in 1753, produced his invention in 1779,
and made it public the following year,
without protecting himself by a patent.

20 He received £67 gratuity from the
manufacturers in 1780, and £500 by
subscription about 1800. After he had
been reduced to poverty an annuity of
£63 was procured by another subscrip-
tion. The success of the muslin and
cambric trades was attributed entirely to
his invention. The Bolton workmen
subscribed in 1861 to place a monument
over his grave in the churchyard, and his
statue was erected in Nelson Square,
Bolton, in 1862.

81 There is a biography by Gilbert J.
French, published in 1862. See also
Diet, Nat. Biog.

M An Ellis Bradshaw of Tonge paid
icw. to the subsidy of 1541 ; Misc. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 142. Lawrence
Bradshaw of Tonge was a freeholder in
1600; ibid. 251. He appears down to
about 1607, soon after which another
Ellis Bradshaw takes his place ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71,
129. There was a Bradshaw Hall near
Tonge in Alkrington.

Adam Mort died in 1631 holding mes-

suages, &c., in Tonge of the king ; the
service is not stated ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxv, no. 33.

23 Haulgh is named among the lands
of the Marsey family ; Ormerod, Cheshire
(ed. Helsby), i, 37.

84 Roger de Bolton, chaplain, claimed
the manor of Haulgh in Great Bolton
against Roger de Little Bolton and others.
In defence it was alleged that John de
Tonge had died holding it of Roger de
Little Bolton by knight's service, and his
son John being a minor Roger had taken
possession ; Assize R. 1425, m. 5 d.

25 In 1421 it was stated that John de
Haugh held of Roger de Bolton six mes-
suages and 200 acres of land in Haulgh
and Tonge in Bolton-on-the-Moors by
knight's service and zod. for the thirtieth
part of a knight's fee ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 144. The service does
not seem to have been stated correctly,
but the portion of Tonge here intended is
no doubt that which had belonged to the
Marsey fee. The moiety of the thegnage
part of Tonge was, as stated above, held
by the Haugh family of the duchy by it.
rent.

26 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 14 ;
the clear value was £4 131. Roger
Haugh also held three messuages, two
mills, 40 acres of land, &c., in Tonge, of
the king in socage by the yearly rent of
is. It is recited that John Haugh and
George Haugh, the latter the father of
Roger, had settled the Tonge property on
John Haugh for life ; then to Isabel
daughter of Ralph Barton for life, and then
to Roger Haugh and his heirs.

George Haugh is the next found in

259

possession ; he held the manor in 1 546 ;
Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 220. William Bolton was in
1554 seised of the service of George
Haugh, holding a messuage and 20 acres
in Tonge and Haulgh by a rent of zod.
a year ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. x,
no. 8. In 1547 he made a settlement of
ten messuages, &c., in Tonge and Bolton ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 13, m. 308.
He appears to have sold a messuage, full-
ing-mill, &c., in Haulgh to Alexander
Sharpies in 1556 ; ibid. bdle. 16, m. 3 ;
and to have made another sale in 1570 ;
ibid. bdle. 32,jn. 85. A further settle-
ment was made in 1579 by George
Haugh, Jane his wife, and John his son
and heir ; ibid. bdle. 41, m. no. George
Haugh was a plaintiff in 1578 ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 67. Further set-
tlements were made in 1589 and 1596
by John Haugh and Gertrude his wife ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m. 191,
226 ; 59, m. 4.

Robert Haugh occurs in 1583 ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 149.

27 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvii, no.
42 ; his wife Gertrude is mentioned.

28 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 195. The Haulgh estate
included two water-mills and two fulling-
mills. The Tonge estate was held of the
heirs of Gilbert de Tonge by a rent of 21.

29 Lands, &c., in Haulgh and Tonge
were included in a settlement of the
estates of Sir Orlando Bridgeman in 1658;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 163, m. 124.

80 Land tax returns at Preston.

81 There is a copy of the award at the
County Council Offices, Preston.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and St. Stephen and All Martyrs', at Lever Bridge in
Haulgh, was built in 1844. This church has an
open-work spire.31

The Wesleyan Methodists have churches at Tonge
Moor and Tonge Fold, and another in Haulgh. The
Primitive Methodists have one at Castle Hill, in the
north end of Tonge.

The Congregationalists have a church at Tonge
Moor.33 The Strict Baptists have one at Haulgh.

There is a Spiritual Hall in Haulgh for the
Spiritualists.

SHARPLES

Charples, 1212 ; Sharpies and Scharples, 1292.

This large township, stretching from Bolton in a
north-west direction for over 6 miles, has an area of
3,999^ acres, and is divided into an upper and
lower portion. The former occupies the eastern
slope of the range of hills, including Winter Hill and
Whimberry Hill, which goes west and north through
Smithills, Rivington, and Anglezarke ; it contains the
district called Hordern, the village of Belmont, and
the hamlet of Bromiley, to the east being a large
reservoir, part of the Bolton Waterworks, on the
boundary between Sharpies and Longworth. The
lower division is cut in two by a detached portion of
Little Bolton ; its northern part is called the Folds,
and its southern part contains a portion of the town
of Bolton, called Astley Bridge.1 The population of
the Belmont portion was 837 in 1901, and that of
the southern portion, together with parts of Little
Bolton, was 7,674.*

The principal road is that from Bolton to Preston,
which passes through the whole length of the
township, from Astley Bridge to the boundary of
Withnell.

'Sharpies in Harwood' contained forty-three hearths
liable to the tax in 1666 ; no house had as many
as six hearths.5

The township contains some cotton-mills, the large
dye works and print works at Belmont, and a paper

works at Spring Side in Folds. The Eden Orphanage
is situated at Astley Bridge.

The southern half was formerly joined with the
detached parts of Little Bolton to form the Astley
Bridge Local Board district,4 and has now been in-
cluded in the borough and township of Bolton.5
The northern part was in 1894 constituted a civil
parish with the name of Belmont,6 and was in 1898
included in Turton Urban District.7

The manor of SHARPLES was a mem-
M4NOR ber of Manchester fee. It appears to have
been assessed as four oxgangs of land,8 but
one oxgang was in 1212 held of Robert Grelley by
Roger de Samlesbury and Alexander de Harwood
by a rent of 3/. This may have been an additional
oxgang.9 Whether it was so or not it appears to have
been the most important part of the district, and its
lords being also lords of Harwood and Bradshaw the
three were held together,10 and as late as the 1 7th
century the ' hamlet of Sharpies ' is described as lying
'in the town of Harwood.'11 Another part of
Sharpies was within the Marsey fee ; what were
known as the detached portions of Little Bolton were
probably its constituents."

The upper and larger part of the township was re-
tained by the lords of Manchester in their own
hands, but the Folds, described as 4,000 acres, had
in 1427 been occupied by Richard son of Thurstan
de Holland, and in 1473 was held by the heir of
Henry de Radcliffe. Hordern Solyns, 1,000 acres,
was in Thomas La Warre's possession in 1427."

Sharpies proper, the one oxgang, appears to have
been divided among several immediate holders ; the
rent also seems to have been increased to 3^. zd. Thus
in 1320 Henry de Trafford paid yearly 3/. 2</. for
Sharpies, and gave puture of the serjeant and for-
esters,14 while Adam de Sharpies for the twenty-fourth
part of a fee in the same rendered castle ward and
puture.15

The local families adopted the surname of Sharpies,
and continued to reside for some centuries ; 16 one of

82 A district was assigned to it in 1844 ;
Land. Gaz. 3 June ; for endowments, ibid.
I Jan. 1867 and 10 June 1881. The
church is noteworthy as the first built of
terra cotta ; this came from neighbouring
works ; N.and Q. (ist Ser.), iii, 27.

83 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 39.

1 An Astley family had lands in Sharpies
in 1577 ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,

Si-

2 Census Returns.

8 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

* Land. Gas. 26 Jan. 1864. The dis-
trict was made a civil parish or township
in 1894.

6 By the Bolton, Turton, &c., Extension
Act, 1898.

6 Local Govt. Bd. Order 31690.

7 By the Act of 1898.

8 Harland, Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), ii,
377 ; there is, however, a various reading
— Holnton. The four oxgangs contributed
zs. each to the maintenance of the forest-
ers of Horwich.

9 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 58.

10 The descent of the lordship of this
part of Sharpies probably went with Har-
wood, but cannot be traced clearly. The
Earl of Derby, however, appears as a
mesne tenant in 1575.

11 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 112.

18 Ormerod, Cbes. (ed. Helsby), i, 37.
It will be seen in subsequent notes that
Sharpies was sometimes said to be in
Bolton.

18 Chan. Inq. p.m. 5 Hen. VI, no. 54.
The Folds, ' waste and pasture,' held by
Thomas La Warre of the king as of the
duchy, was in 1404 granted by him to
his feoffees at a rent of £4 6s. 8d. ; the
Hordern Solyns, also waste and pasture,
was granted to the same feoffees at a rent
of 1 31. 4</. The rents represented the
annual value.

For the tenant in 1473 8ee Mamecestrt)
iii, 481 ; Folds is called a 'manor,' and
the rent of id. was due from it to the
lord of Manchester.

In 1409 the Folds and Hordern Solins
in ' Harwood * were held by James de
Radcliffe of Radcliffe for life, with re-
mainder to Henry de Radcliffe and his
heirs ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i,
95. They descended to Thomas Rad-
cliffe, who died childless in 1527, he being
son of Thomas son of Geoffrey son of
Henry younger son of the above James
de Radcliffe; ibid, ii, 151; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. vi, no. 45. Afterwards
they seem to have been acquired by the
Bartons of Smithills.

14 Mamecestre, ii, 290. Henry de
Trafford seems to have acquired the right
of Roger de Samlesbury and his partner

260

in 1 21 2. The Trafford family are not
named later as lords of Sharpies.

16 Ibid, ii, 289. Knight's service is
not again named in connexion with
Sharpies ; and Adam de Sharpies was
probably a sub-tenant of Henry de Traf-
ford.

16 In 1246 Randle de Sharpies acknow-
ledged that he had granted 'Folescalis' in
Sharpies to his brother Henry ; Assize R.
404, m. 8 d. Randle de Sharpies attested a
Great Lever charter ; he is called dominus ;
Lever Chartul. (Add. MS. 32103), no. 3.

Robert de Sharpies, Roger his son,
Adam son of Richard de Sharpies, Wil-
liam de Coulsaye, and Mabel his wife in
1282 made an agreement with Richard
son of Gervase regarding lands in Sharpies;
Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 158^/194*.

Roger de Sharpies son of Adam son of
Quenilda de Sharpies claimed a messuage
and lands in 1292 against Adam de Pil-
kington ; Assize R. 408, m. 64. The
defendant said that he held by the law of
England, having married Maud daughter
of Amabel, to whom the tenement was
given in free marriage ; Thomas son of
Roger demised the same to Roger de Pil-
kington, to whom the reversion belonged,
It may be added that the charter of Thomas
son of Roger de Manchester and nephew
of Geoffrey de Manchester, chaplain, the
original donor to Amabel, granting the

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

them, known as Ward alias
Sharpies, appears down to the
1 7th century.17 In the ab-
sence of documents no proper
account can be given of these
families. Sharpies Hall has for
some time been the seat of
the Rothwell family ; Mr.
Richard Rainshaw Rothwell
was recently one of the prin-
cipal landowners.18

One Roger de Sharpies
in 1315-16 granted to Sir

SHARPLKS of Sharpies.
Sable three crescents ar-
gent, between the points
each a mullet of the
'ait.

f

¥

las

William de Holland, ancestor of the Denton family,
his manor of Sharpies and all his land there, together
with his goods, movable and immovable, in the manor
and his share of the waste.19 Sir William at once
granted it to Thurstan son of Margaret de Shores-
worth for life.20 Thurstan in 1332 made a feoff-
ment of his lands in the hamlet of Sharpies in the
vill of Great Bolton and in Harwood ; " and in 1335
granted the manor of Sharpies to his mother, together
with the homages and services of Jordan son of Adam
de Sharpies and others." The Holland family ac-
quired other lands in the hamlet or township,23 and
in 1429 Thurstan de Holland made an agreement

reversion of the land to Roger de Pilking-
ton the brother of Adam, is among Lord
Wilton's deeds ; see also Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 156/192.

At the same time William son of Maud
de Sharpies claimed a messuage and lands
under a grant by Quenilda de Sharpies to
Henry de Entwisle and Maud his wife
and their issue ; the defendant, Henry son
of Alexander de Wood, denied that William
was of the blood of Henry and Maud — i.e.
apparently was the son of Maud, but not
of Henry; Assize R. 408, m. 15. A
charter for Hayhurst in Sharpies by Alex-
ander de Wood to his son Henry is printed
in Various Coll. (Hist. MSS. Com.), ii, 13.

John son of Elias de Tonge was in 1310
pardoned for the death of William de
Sharpies ; Col. Pat. 1307-13, p. 298.

John de Sharpies occurs in 1332;
Excb. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 37.

Some further occurrences of the name
will be found in the text and notes.

V A brief pedigree is printed in the
Visit, of 1567 (Chet. Soc.). p. 10 ; it
covers the i6th century. That printed in
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 269, may be
a more correct version of the same.

In 1351 John de Hulton of Halliwell
made provision for the marriage of his son
Richard to Margery daughter of Adam
the Ward of Sharpies ; Hulton Fed. 5.
Adam the Ward of Sharpies occurs again
in reference to lands at Gorton and at
Turton in 1369 and 1371 ; Coram Rege
R. 434, m. 7 ; De Banco R. 444, m.
173 d. His descendants were probably
the Richard Ward of Sharpies, a defendant
in 1443 (Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 5, m.
9^) and the Richard Sharpies who paid a
rent of is. 6d. to the lord of Manchester
in 1473 ; Mamecestre, iii, 494.

Alexander Sharpies alias Ward died in
1588 and was succeeded by his son Richard;
Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 29. A settlement
of ten messuages and lands in Sharpies
and Bolton was made by Alexander in
1571 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33,
m. 178. From a pleading of 1597 it
appears that he, being seised of the manor
of Sharpies, granted half the estate to his
grandson Alexander (son of Richard) on
his marriage with Anne [Aughton] ; after
his death Richard, his heir, entered upon
one moiety and Alexander and Anne upon
the other. They agreed to exchange, and
Alexander in 1593, shortly before his
death, mortgaged or sold his part to Ralph
Heaton the younger ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 55, m. 108. The widow after-
wards married Hugh Wood, and com-
plained that a certain Thomas Heaton
had conspired with his father-in-law
Thomas Anderton and his brother-in-law
Christopher Anderton to deprive her of her
jointure and secure the wardship of Roger

the son and heir of Alexander, who was
born about 1589. The conspirators had
shut her up in Thomas Anderton's house
at Chorley for four days, and by many
threats had induced her to sign an agree-
ment according to their desires ; Duchy
of Lane. Plea. Eliz . cxcv, W. 2.

Richard Ward alias Sharpies seems to
have lived on till 1613, and Roger the
grandson acted as a juror in 1619 ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
234; ii, 113,153. Roger Sharpies alias
Ward contributed to the subsidy in 1622 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 159.

The family continued more than a cen-
tury after this. Alexander the son of the
last-named Roger died in 1677 ; he was
probably the Alexander Sharpies of Bol-
ton presented to the Bishop of Chester as
a 'papist' in 1671. He was followed, it
would appear, by another Roger, and then
by a John Sharpies, who died in 1736,
aged fifty-six. He left two daughters,
Anne wife of Roger Brandwood of Wayoh,
and Mary wife of the Rev. Samuel Law-
son. In 1749 a partition was effected,
by which Sharpies Hall came to the latter
family. John Lawson the son and heir
succeeded, and by his will in 1793 gave
Sharpies to his son John Sharpies Law-
son. The heir mortgaged it to Richard
Rothwell, rector of Sefton, in 1797, and
in 1815 sold it to James Rothwell of
Much Hoole for £6,250 ; Bolton Hist.
Gleanings ii, 128, 187-9 (fr°n* Piccope
MSS. xiv, 43-4).

18 There is a pedigree in H. T. Crof-
ton's Newton (Chet. Soc.), ii, 224. See
further in the account of Much Hoole.

19 Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 145/181; there
are three charters, and Adam de Sharpies
attested one of them. John son of Roger
de Sharpies at the same time released all
his right ; ibid. fol. 156/192.

The Pendlebury family had had an
estate in Sharpies, which was acquired by
Sir William de Holland and his son Thur-
stan. William son of Roger de Pendle-
bury granted to John de Prestwich, rector
of Whitwell, all the lands in Sharpies
coming to him on the death of Maud
daughter of his brother Ellis de Pendle-
bury ; ibid. fol. 145^/181^. Lettice,
another daughter of Ellis, released to the
same John de Prestwich in 1301 all her
interest in the lands in Sharpies and
Great Bolton granted by her uncle Wil-
liam son of Roger de Pendlebury ; ibid.
i6ob/i()6b. Beatrice, a third daughter,
in 1331 released all her right in Sharpies
in the vills of Great Bolton and Harwood
to Thurstan son of Margaret de Shores-
worth ; ibid. fol. 145^/181^. In the
meantime, apparently in 1307, John de
Prestwich had granted to Sir William de
Holland all his lands in Sharpies, with
rents, homages, wards, reliefs, &c. ; ibid.

26l

fol. 145/181. Roger de Bindloss of Sharpies
at the same time released to Sir William
all his claim to the lands, rents, &c., in-
cluding the homage and service of Alex-
ander de Turton ; ibid. fol. 145^/181^,
158/194.

Another ancient estate also seems to
have come into the Hollands' possession
— perhaps that of the Alexander de Turton
named above. Ellis son of Gamel the
White (Albi) of Turton granted all his
land in Sharpies and the Boothstead to
his son Alexander ; and in 1307 Margery
the widow of Ellis son of Gamel released
to the same Alexander her right in Sharpies
in the vill of Bolton ; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 158/194, 159/195.

20 Ibid. fol. 145/181.

31 Ibid, (i) A grant by Thurstan son
of Sir William de Holland to William de
Halliwell ; (2) Re-grant by William son
of Richard de Halliwell to Thurstan.

Thurstan [de Holland] son of Margaret
de Shoresworth, holding two-thirds of a
tenement in Harwood, Joan widow of
John de Belowe of Sharpies, holding one-
third, and others were defendants to a
claim made by William de Halliwell in
1325 ; Assize R. 426, m. 6. The claim
was renewed in 1331, when Thurstan's
mother was called Margaret del Booth ;
Assize R. 1404, m. 19. The claim was for
common of pasture in 300 acres of moor
and pasture in Harwood and Great Bol-
ton.

w Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 145/181. The
original charter is among Lord Wilton's
deeds ; the under-tenants, in addition to
Jordan de Sharpies, were William de Hal-
liwell, Alexander de Turton, and Henry
del Wood.

28 Some of these have been mentioned
in a previous note. Thurstan de Hol-
land, the son of Sir William, in 1328
procured from John son of Robert de
Sharpies all his title in the heritage of
Jordan de Sharpies ; ibid. fol. 1456/1 8 1£.
At the same time he obtained Hughurst
in Sharpies in the vill of Harwood from
Robert son of John de Sharpies ; ibid,
fol. 1576/1936 ; while from Roger son of
Henry del Wood he regained 8 acres in
Sharpies granted by Sir William de Hol-
land to the said Henry ; ibid. fol. 146/182.
Thomas son of Alexander de Turton in
1 341 granted to Thurstan all his lands in
Sharpies in the vill of Bolton-on-the-
Moors ; ibid. fol. 1456/1816. In the
following year Thurstan acquired lands
in Bolton formerly belonging to Mabel
daughter of Adam de Sharpies ; ibid. fol.
149/185 ; also from Maud widow of
Adam son of Adam de Sharpies, a half-
burgage in Bolton; ibid. fol. 1576/1936.
This half-burgage was in 1350 confirmed
to Thurstan by Richard son of Adam and
Maud de Sharpies; ibid. fol. 152/188.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

with Sir Ralph de Radcliffe touching part of a field
called Rodenhey, adjoining the road leading from
Smithills.*4

From the rental of 1473 it appears that the rent
of 3/. ^d. was contributed by three occupiers —
Richard Sharpies, l8</. ; Robert Sharpies, lod. ; and
Richard Holland of Denton, \od.K The Holland
manor therefore was rather more than a fourth part.
It continued to descend with the Denton estates,26
and the Earl of Wilton is now reputed to be lord of
the manor.

Lord Fauconberg in 1723 sold, among other lord-
ships, the manor of Sharpies, which probably repre-
sented the estate descending to him from the Bartons
of Smithills, who had held the FOLDS.27

The Bradshaws of Bradshaw also had a holding in
Sharpies,28 and some other owners' names are met
with.*9 One Lawrence Longworth, of Sharpies, was
in 1443 bound to array a man-at-arms and three able
archers for the king's service.30

The land tax returns of 1796 show that — Wright,
Lord Grey de Wilton, and — Lawson were the chief
landowners.31 The Wright estate has recently been
purchased by the Bolton Corporation for waterworks
purposes at a cost of ^ioo,ooo.31a

In connexion with the Church of England St.

Peter's, Belmont, was built in 1850, and had a separate
district assigned to it in 1 86 1.32 It has a tower and
spire, with peal of six bells.

The Congregationalists began services in or before
1821 ; the present church at Belmont was opened in
1898."

The Roman Catholic church of the Holy Infant
and St. Anthony, at Astley Bridge, was opened in
1877."

LITTLE LEVER

Lefre, 1212 ; Lethre, 1221 ; Leuere, 1278 ;
Leuir, 1282 ; Leuer, 1291 ; Leyver, 1550.

This township is bounded on three of its five sides
by the Irwell, the Croal, and Blackshaw Brook, but
a small portion projects north of the last-named brook.
The village occupies the centre of the area and spreads
itself along the roads leading east to Radcliffe, west to
Farn worth, and north-west to Bolton. On the
southern border is the hamlet of Nob End, and on
the eastern that of Stopes. The area is 807 acres.1
The Bolton and Manchester Canal passes along by
the south-west boundary and after descending by six
locks crosses the Irwell by an aqueduct ; near this
the branch canal parts off towards Bury. The popu-
lation in 1901 was 5,119.

For a settlement in 1368 referring to
lands in Harwood see Final Cone, ii,
174.

In 1330 Thurstan de Holland com-
plained that certain persons had cut down
his trees and done other damage on his
lands in Harwood and Little Bolton ; De
Banco R. 283, m. 181 d.

« Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 145^/181^,
146/182. One of the series of deeds
is among Lord Wilton's muniments. It
is a grant by Thurstan de Holland to Sir
Ralph de Radcliffe of the fourth part of a
field called Rapeden Hey ; the bounds
began at the bridge leading to Smithills,
went to the Foulescoles, across the town-
field of Paradise, and by hedges and ditches
to the water of Rapeden, descending this
to the water of Egburden, then ascending
the water of Rapeden as far as the said
bridge in Bolton.

In 1560 there was a suit as to Raphe-
den Hey in Bolton between Hamlet Rad-
cliffe on the one part and Robert Barton
and Alexander Ward on the other ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 231.

Raveden Clough divides Smithills from
Sharpies.

2S Mamecestre, iii, 479.

The estate of Robert Sharpies seems
afterwards to have been divided into three
equal parts. Edmund Haworth died at
Rochdale in 1598 holding two messuages,
&c., in the hamlet of Sharpies in Har-
wood of Nicholas Mosley in socage by a
rent of 3 J</. ; Randle his son and heir was
fourteen years of age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 53. Randle Haworth
died at Sharpies in 1621 seised of a similar
estate, leaving James his son and heir, an
infant two years old ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 296. Another
third part was held by James Birch, who
also died in 1621, by the same rent of
3j</. ; his son and heir Richard was
thirteen years of age ; ibid, iii, 295. The
remaining third was held by Lamuel Open-
shaw, who died in 1606 holding two mes-
suages, lands, &c., in Sharpies in Harwood
by the same rent ; James Openshaw, the
son and heir, was forty-five years old ; ibid.

i, iiz. Lamuel had succeeded in 1597 ;
Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 121.

In 1 564 Randle Haworth of Whitworth
stated that one John Heyward of Roch-
dale held a messuage and lands in Sharpies,
and left a daughter and heir, the mother
of Randle ; but certain deeds having come
into the hands of Margery Sharpies of
Bolton and Thomas her son, they had
expelled him from his possession ; Duchy
of Lane. Plea. Eliz. lix, H. 23.

In 1 594 Lamuel Openshaw claimed the
further Ashlands in Sharpies and Har-
wood against Richard Birch and others ;
Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 341.

26 Edward Holland of Denton in 1570
held an estate in Sharpies and Harwood
of Lord La Warre in socage by a rent of
6d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiii, no. 20.
The tenement is again mentioned in 1631;
ibid, xxvii, no. 42. See also Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 146.

87 The Barton tenement in Sharpies is
mentioned in their inquisitions as held of
the lords of Manchester. Afterwards they
acquired the Folds, perhaps by purchase
from the heirs of Radcliffe of Radcliffe
(see a former note), for in 1580 Robert
Barton of Smithills was found to have
held some messuages, lands, &c., in Folds
of Sir William West in socage, by the
rent of id. yearly ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xiv, no. 24. See also Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 211.

Lord Fauconberg's manor of Sharpies
was registered as a ' papist's ' estate in
1717 ; Engl. Cath. Nonjurors, 113. It
was sold six years later ; Piccope MSS.
(Chet. Lib.), iii, fol. 220, from Roll 8 of
George I at Preston.

28 Simon de Bradshagh occurs in 1292,
when Richard de Urmston and Syreda his
wife claimed a messuage, &c., of which
Adam de Westleigh, the grandfather of
Syreda, had died seised. The defendant
Simon said the tenement was given to him
in free marriage with Amarica or Ameria
his wife ; Assize R. 408, m. 32, 77 d.

In the inquisitions of the Bradshaws of
Bradshaw in the time of Edward VI and
Elizabeth the lands in Sharpies were stated

262

to be held of the Earl of Derby in socage
by a rent of 2d. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. ix, no. 31 ; xiii, no. 39.

29 Another Radcliffe family had an
estate in Sharpies in the i6th and I7th
centuries. Robert Radcliffe in 1589 made
a settlement of two messuages and lands ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m. 125.
From him a James Radcliffe appears to
have acquired eight messuages, &c., in
Radcliffe and Sharpies in 1595 ; ibid,
bdle. 57, m. 23. James died 20 July
1633, holding a messuage, &c., of Edward
Mosley as of his manor of Manchester ;
Robert his son and heir, was over fifty
years of age; Towneley MS. C. 8, 13,
(Chet. Lib.), fol. 999.

Alexander Stones in 1571 acquired a
toft, &c., from Richard Birch the younger;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33, m. 7.

Ralph Assheton of Great Lever, who
died in 1616, held a messuage and land in
Sharpies in socage ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 288,
290.

Lawrence Haslum at his death on
6 Aug. 1630, also held a messuage and
lands there of Edward Mosley ; Law-
rence, his son and heir, was three years
of age ; Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), fol. 533.

80 Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. x, App. ir,
227.

81 Returns at Preston ; Wright's lands-
paid two-fifths of the whole.

81a Information of Mr. S. Partington.

82 Land. Gaz. 6 Aug. 1861.

88 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 90. A
Methodist chapel also is stated to have
been built in Sharpies in 1821. For a
full account of Congregationalism in Bel-
mont, see Nightingale, Lanes. Noncon-
formity, iii, 78-81. A second chapel,
called Bethel, was erected in 1840, mainly
by the efforts of the workmen of the
village.

84 It was served from St. Mary's,
Bolton, till 1882; Kelly, Engl. Catholic
Missions, 59.

1 The 1901 Census Report gives 8c&
acres, including 37 of inland water.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

There are numerous coal mines ; also cotton mills
and bleach works, iron foundry, chemical works, and
paper mill. A pottery and a terra cotta factory are
worked and bricks are made. The soil is clay ; the
agricultural land is mostly in pasture.

In 1 666 there were sixty hearths liable to the tax ;
the only large house was that of John Andrews, with
nine hearths.1

The township was governed by a local board from
1872 3 to 1894, when an urban district council was
formed ; there are twelve members elected by four
wards — Church, Ladyshore, Slopes, and West.

John Seddon, born at Lomax Fold in 1719, became
minister of Cross Street Chapel, Manchester, and died
there in 1769.*

DARCY LEVER

This township is bounded on the west, south, and
east by the Croal and its affluents. The general slope
of the surface is from north to south. The area is
499 acres. The population in 1901 was enumerated
with Great Lever.

The road from Bolton to Little Lever and Radcliffe
passes east through the centre, the village of Darcy
Lever, practically a suburb of Bolton, lying along the
western end of it ; and there are other roads leading
north and south. The Lancashire and Yorkshire
Company's Bolton and Bury railway crosses the
Tonge by a long and lofty viaduct and then passes
east through the township ; and the Bolton and
Manchester Canal passes through it, near the Croal,
crossing the Tonge by an aqueduct.

The township abounded with coal, but it has prac-
tically been worked out. Several mines were worked
till recently ; one is still in operation. There is
a cotton mill at the village. On the southern

boundary, by the Croal, are sewage works of the
Bolton Corporation.

Darcy Lever was incorporated with the borough
and township of Bolton by the Extension Act of 1 898.

There were several large houses in the township in
1666 ; Robert Lever's had eight hearths liable to
the tax, James Bradshaw's and John Crompton's
seven each, and Lawrence Fogg's six. There were
only twelve hearths in the rest of the township.5

The manor of LITTLE LEVER formed
MANOR part of the barony of Manchester, and was
assessed as four oxgangs of land. From
an early time it was held in moieties. Albert Grelley
the younger in the time of Henry II gave one moiety
to Alexander son of Uvieth at a rent of £ mark and
a hawk or izd* The name of the tenant in 1212 is
not given ; but in 1227 Adam de Radcliffe was called
upon by Robert Grelley to perform suit at his court
of Manchester fortnightly instead of monthly.7 A
little earlier Eugenia, widow of William de Radcliffe,
demanded against the same Adam her dower in four
oxgangs in Little Lever among other lands.8 From
this it would appear that the Radcliffes had had a
grant of the whole of Little Lever, perhaps between
12 12 and 1 22 1. There are later tokens of their
connexion with it.9

The next lord of the whole or part of Lever is one
Leising de Lever, who had part at least of Great
Lever also.10 Possibly descended from him was the
Adam de Lever, living in 1246," ancestor of the
family of Lever of Little Lever,11 which apparently
held a share of the manor till the beginning of the
1 7th century. In the absence of satisfactory evidence
of the descent it can only be stated that in 1320
William de Radcliffe and William de Lever held
Little Lever by homage, service, and suit to the court
of Manchester, rendering yearly \d. sake fee, 6s. 8</.
rent, also I2<£ and providing puture for the serjeant

9 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

8 Land. Gaz. 9 July i87Z.

4 Diet, Nat. Biog.

6 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

6 Land. Inq. and Extents (Rec . Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 57 ; it is stated that
'his heirs hold that land.'

" Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 47, 48.

8 Inq. and Extents, i, 129, 130, quoting
Curia Regis R. 78, m. 14 d.

9 William son of Ellis de Lever and
Ellis son of Adam de Lever were in 1309
summoned to show by what services they
held their tenements in Little Lever of
Richard son of Robert de Radcliffe ; De
Banco R. 179, m. 206. See also the fol-
lowing notes. Nothing is said of it in
any of the RadclifFe inquisition*.

10 See the account of Great Lever in
Middleton.

11 There were cross-suits concerning
the wood and waste in 1246 between
Adam de Lever and Adam de Radcliffe ;
Assize R. 404, m. 5 d.

In 1276 Henry son of William de
Lever (Parva) claimed the manor of
Little Lever against Adam of the same,
and messuages in Great Lever against
Ellis de Lever ; De Banco R. 13, m. n.

19 In the Lever of Great Lever Chartu-
lary (Add. MS. 32103) are some charters
referring to the Little Lever family.
Adam de Lever and Ellis his son attested
a grant ; no. 45. Ellis son of Adam de
Lever granted to William his son and his

heirs a portion of his land in Little Lever.
The bounds began at ' the Langcestre '
(alias Hanycestre) where Denebrook fell
into the great water called Lever (alias
Letoce) ; ascended the brook to a ditch
dividing Little Lever and Breightmet as
far as the Menesshaw ; went down to the
Tonge water, and down this to the first
division. These boundaries are, roughly
speaking, those of the present township
of Darcy Lever. The grant included the
homage of Richard del Snape, who paid
\"$d. rent, and other services ; and the
land was to be held of the chief lords of
the fee by a rent of 41., paid at the four
terms, and by such other services as Ellis
had rendered for the whole manor of
Little Lever; ibid. m. 219. This grant
was confirmed by a fine in 1292, when the
estate is called a moiety of the manor of
Little Lever; Final Cone, i, 167. In
1310 a settlement of this moiety of the
manor was made by William de Lever
and Lettice his wife ; ibid, ii, 4.

In the same year William de Lever
called upon Richard son of Robert de
Radcliffe to acquit him of the services de-
manded by Thomas Grelley. William
held the moiety of Little Lever by a
rent of 41., and Richard should perform
the suit at the court of Manchester ; De
Banco R. 183, m. 214.

Ellis de Lever acted as a juror in 1282;
Inq, and Extents, i, 244, 250 ; and William
was acting in 1288 ; ibid. 268. In 1291
Richard de Radcliffe claimed a tenement

263

in Little Lever and Pilkington against
Ellis de Lever and Henry the reeve of
Gorton ; Assize R. 1294, m. 9.

William de Lever was not the heir of
his father, but another son, Adam, men-
tioned in 1 297, when Ellis was still living;
Lever Chartul. no. 69. In 1309 it was
found that Ellis, son of Adam de Lever was
the heir and, being a minor, was in the
guardianship of Richard de Radcliffe. The
estate in Little Lever was described as
eight messuages, 60 acres of land, &c.,
held of the said Richard by fealty and the
service of 8i. and not by knight's service.
The claim to wardship was therefore re-
jected by the jury. Adam de Lever's
widow appears to have been living, for
only five messuages, 40 acres of land, &c.,
were restored to his heir ; Assize R. 423,
m. i d.

In 1331 a settlement of this moiety
of the manor was made by Ellis de Lever
in favour of his son Adam and his issue
by Agnes his wife ; Final Cone, ii, 78. It
will be seen that the Radcliffes considered
this branch of the family responsible for
the whole rent of 8*. due from Little
Lever, though the Darcy Lever half had
been granted away. Adam son of Ellis
de Lever was witness to a Farnworth
charter in 1356; Lever Chartul. no. 97.
He occurs in a Pilkington plea in 1358 ;
Assize R. 438, m. 6 d. Some of the
family seem to have settled in the town-
ship named ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 6, m.
27 ; R. 7, m. i£, 56 ; R. 8, m. \zb.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and foresters — 8/. in all !S ;
that in 1473 John Lever held
half the manor by the twentieth
part of a knight's fee, a rent
of 3/. \d. and 2</. sake fee,
rendering puture and other
services, while Sir Richard
Tempest held the other moiety
similarly 14 — these moieties be-
ing respectively Little Lever
and (the later) Darcy Lever;143
and that in the i6th and
1 7th centuries the manor is

LEVER of Lever. Ar-
gent two bendleti sable,
(At lower one engrailed.

found to be divided between two Lever families — the
Chisnalls — Bradshaws, and others.15 It is not possible
to trace the subdivisions further.

The estate of the Levers of Little Lever passed to
the family of Andrews of Rivington. This branch of
the Levers recorded pedigrees in 1567 16 and 1613 ";
while Andrews of Little Lever did likewise in i66>5.18
Of this stock came Thomas Lever, one of the most
upright and advanced of the Protestant Reformers of
the 1 6th century ; he was master of St. John's Col-
lege in 1551, went into exile in Switzerland in the
reign of Mary, and returning in 1558 was made
master of Sherburn Hospital in Durham.19 Darcy

18 Mamecettre (Chet. Soc.), ii, 289, 290.
William de Radcliffe paid $d. sake fee for
the lands held by Ellis de Lever. It
would appear, therefore, that this family
secured the guardianship of the heir in
spite of the adverse verdict above recorded.
The 4</. is probably included in the ji.
rent due at the four terms. The I2</.
•was in lieu of the hawk.

14 Ibid, iii, 478. As to Little Lever
proper there appears in 1477 a claim for
dower by Elizabeth widow of James Lever
against Robert Pilkington, guardian of the
land and heir of Robert Lever ; she re-
covered seisin ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 46,
m. 2 d.

14a Nothing appears to be on record
as to the latter manor, or moiety of the
manor, from 1310 to 1448, when Henry
Lever the elder, Giles, and Henry the
younger, a son of Giles, held it on a lease
for lives of Alice, widow of Sir Robert
Tempest. It appears that Henry the elder
was a younger brother of William Lever
of Great Lever, and that Giles was his
son ; and that a rent of 25*. a year was
due from Great Lever to the manor of
Little Lever — probably for some ease-
ment, Darcy Lever being opposite to
Great Lever, the Croal dividing them ;
Lever Chartul. no. 176, 177. Henry Lever
the younger had a son Giles, serving at
Berwick in 1 505 (ibid. no. 220) ; and Giles
had a son and heir Adam and another son
William, living in 1524; ibid. no. 214,
215. To the same family apparently be-
longed Andrew Lever and Adam his son,
living in 1593 and 1599 ; ibid.no. 216,218.
There is nothing to show how the
Tempests became possessed of this manor,
which, as shown in the text, was held by
Sir Richard Tempest in 1473 ; it was
probably Dame Alice Tempest's inherit-
ance. She was the daughter of John
Lacy of Gateforth, and married Sir Robert
Tempest in 1407. Sir Richard Tempest
of Staniforth in Ribblesdale was their
son ; he is described as a knight in 1432,
and died in or before May 1488. This
information is due to Mrs. Tempest of
Broughton Hall. Dowsabel, the daughter
and heir of Sir Richard Tempest, married
Sir Thomas D'Arcy, created Baron D' Arcy
in 1509. Lord D'Arcy opposed the
destruction of the religious houses by
Henry VIII, and taking part in the Pil-
grimage of Grace was attainted and be-
headed in 1538; Whitaker, Craven (ed.
Morant), 71. It is about his time that
the name Darcy Lever first appears, to
distinguish this part of Little Lever. In
1530 it appears that Lever had descended
to Sir George D'Arcy, eldest son of
Lord D'Arcy, as part of his mother's
lands, and that he had given it to his
younger brother, Sir Arthur, in exchange
fS»r Gateforth ; L. and P. Hen. VIII, xii
(zVyo, 71.

15 The following are among the in-
quisitions, &c., of the period referred
to : —

Richard Lever died 19 March 1587-8,
seised of the manor of Little Lever, and
eighteen messuages in the township, held
of John Lacy as of his manor of Man-
chester in socage by a rent of 41. yearly.
He also held two burgages in Bolton.
Richard, his son and heir, was forty-six
years of age 5 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m.
xv, no. 41.

There is a memorial brass at Forcett of
Anne Underbill, daughter of Richard
Lever ; Torks. Arch. Journ. xvii, 276.

Thurstan Tyldesley was in 1557 in
possession of the manor of (Darcy) Lever,
together with other manors and lands ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 17, m. 18.
Five years later the Darcy Lever estate
was entrusted or mortgaged to Richard
Chisnall and Thurstan Barton ; ibid,
bdle. 24, m. 14. A similar grant or sale
was made by Thurstan Tyldesley and
others in 1566 to Oliver Chisnall and
Thomas Lassell. The manors of Darcy
Lever, Lever, and Great Lever are named ;
also messuages, dovecote, two fulling-
mills, gardens, and rent in the Levers,
Bolton, and Rivington ; ibid. bdle. 28,
m. 246.

Richard Chisnall, who died 3 May
1587, held half the manor of Little Lever
and various messuages and lands in Little
and Great Lever, as well as lands in Bol-
ton, Hindley, Rivington, Lostock, Lan-
caster, Heath Charnock, Preston, and
Furness ; also Chisnall's buildings in
Holborn, near Gray's Inn. Little Lever,
by which Darcy Lever seems meant,
was held of the lord of Manchester in
socage by a rent of i8</. yearly. The
heir was John Chisnall, son of Thomas
the brother of Richard ; he was thirty-
six years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xiv, no. 39.

Edward Chisnall or Chisenhale died in
1635, having a rent of £5 151. from half
the manor of Little Lever alias Darcy
Lever ; ibid, xxviii, no. 8. For the family
see the account of Coppull.

The Bradshaws of Darcy Lever re-
corded a pedigree in 1665, from which
it appears that John Bradshaw, who
died in 1662, married a daughter of
Robert Lever, also of Darcy Lever ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 51. It
has not been ascertained how this
family acquired their estate in the town-
ship, in which they continue to be large
proprietors, the modern Darcy Lever Hall
being their property. Some documents
relating to them will be found in Pal.
Note Bk. iv, 17; Local Gleanings Lanes,
and Ches. i, 1 1 1 .

" Vhlt. of 1567 (Chet. Soc.), 9.

V Visit, of 1613 (Chet. Soc.), 33. The
succession is given thus : Robert — s. John

— 8. Richard — s. Richard — s. Thomas
(living) — s. John, aged 18, and five other
sons and nine daughters.

In 1613 was a settlement of the manor
of Little Lever and lands in Little Lever
and Darcy Lever ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 83, no. 52. In 1624 Thomas and
Nicholas Andrews purchased the manor
from Thomas Lever, Thomasine his wife,
and John, Richard, Robert, Ralph, and
James, the sons of Thomas ; ibid. bdle.
103, m. 5. For disputes as to the sale see
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Hil. i Chas. I,
bdle. 305.

is Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 8.
Nicholas Andrews married Heath, a
daughter of Thomas Lever. He died
26 Aug. 1626, holding a third part of the
manor of Little Lever, and various lands
there, of the lord of Manchester, at the
third part of 41. rent. John, the son and
heir, was ten years old — he is called forty-
five in 1665 — and the trustees held two-
fifths of the estate for the use of Thomas,
brother of Nicholas ; Towneley MS. C 8,
13 (Chet. Lib.), fol. 9/10. John Andrews
was ' accounted well of for religion ' ; O.
Heywood, Diaries, ii, 141. There is nothing
to show what became of the other two-
thirds of the manor, but John Lever, the
heir of Thomas, is stated to have sold
Little Lever o his nephew John Andrews
in 1640; Piccope MS. Pedigrees (Chet.
Lib.), ii, 148.

In 1701 a later John Lever claimed
the manor, suing all purchasers of tene-
ments in Little Lever except Mr. Andrews,
who had agreed with him ; O. Heywood,
Diaries, iv, 176.

19 See Diet. Nat. Biog. : Cooper, Athen.
Cantab, ii, 366, 565 ; Baker, Hist. St.
John's College (ed. Mayor), i, 130. Thomas
son of John Lever became fellow of the
college in 1543; ibid, i, 284; M.A.
1545. He was ordained or re-ordained
by Ridley in 1550-1 ; he had been a col-
lege preacher in 1548. Though he re-
tained the Hospital of Sherburn till his
death in 1577, he was deprived of his pre-
bend in Durham in 1567, refusing even
the small amount of conformity in the
matter of vestments required by Queen
Elizabeth. Among his good actions the
preservation of Sedbergh Grammar School
from the rapacity of the courtiers of
Edward VI deserves a record.

His brother Ralph was made fellow of
St. John's College in 1549 by the royal
visitors of the university ; D.D. 1578.
He also was an exile in Mary's reign, and
an extreme Calvinist, but conformed suffi-
ciently to retain his ecclesiastical prefer-
ments in the time of Elizabeth. He was
archdeacon of Northumberland, Canon of
Durham, in 1575 rector of Stanhope, and
in 1577 succeeded his brother as master
of Sherburn. See Diet. Nat, Biog. ;
Cooper, Atben. Cantab, ii, 506.

264

ffi

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Lever Hall was the seat of another family of the
local surname ; w one member of it was the founder
or refounder of Bolton Grammar School.21

DARCY LEVER OLD HALL stands 2 miles south-
east of Bolton on high ground sloping down to theBlack-
shaw Brook, which flows past the house on the south
side, not far from its junction with the River Tonge.

The principal front of the house, which is of timber
and plaster on a red sandstone base, faces north, and
has three timber gables, and a wing projecting north-
wards 23 ft., with a former timber gable rebuilt in
brick.

On a beam over the porch is inscribed RLE 1641
for Robert and Elizabeth Lever, and on the stone head
of the inner door the date is repeated. The plan
of the house seems to be a late development of the H-
plan, and may very well belong to this date. The
screen passage is still represented, but the hall has be-
come quite insignificant, and its porch, as at Kenyon
Peel, has been amalgamated with the west wing. The
principal room on the ground floor is the parlour,
entered through a lobby on the west of the screens.

The building, which is in a rather dilapidated
condition, is now used as a farmhouse, and has been
very much altered and modernized inside, though the
exterior retains much of its original picturesqueness.
It is of two stories with attics in the gables, and the
roofs are covered with grey stone slates. The north
front has been little altered except by the addition of
lean-to buildings in the recessed portions, but the
gables have lost their bargeboards, the attic windows
are built up, and the timber-work generally is in a
more or less decayed state.

The timber construction, which remains intact on
the north side, is continued round the east side, but
the south front has been entirely rebuilt in brick and
is without interest, the roof, which is hipped at the
east end, being in one unbroken length with over-
hanging eaves. The total length of the building is
about 78 ft., but at the west end a new brick built
house has been erected with which one of the lower
rooms of Darcy Lever Old Hall on the south side has
been incorporated, the two houses thus overlapping.

The half-timber work of the north front is of
simple construction, the gables being filled in with
diagonal pieces, with a plaster cove running round at
the level of the wall plates. The timber work is quite
plain except in the middle gable, which has quatrefoil

fillings and a cove at the level of the first floor.
Some of the windows retain their diamond quarries.

The entrance is through an open porch under the
middle gable, opening into a through passage with a
doorway at the end on the south side. Both doors
are the original ones of oak, nail studded, and with
good iron hinges and fittings. To the right of the
passage is a lobby leading to the parlour, a large room
23 ft. long by 1 6 ft. wide, with an ingle-nook on its
east side 14 ft. 9 in. wide and 4 ft. 6 in. deep., and
to the left is a room at the back, now used as a
larder. A smaller room at the front is now only
reached from the east wing, the two lower rooms of
which are used as workshops or lumber rooms, with
separate outer doorways.

The staircase is to the west of the porch, built
between walls and radiating from a central post. The
treads are of oak, but there is no ornamental detail.
There is an opening under the stairs giving direct
access to the kitchen from the open air, but this is a
later insertion. The interior, which shows the
timber construction throughout, has little archi-
tectural interest, there being no panelling, and all
the original furniture and fittings, with the exception
of a long 17th-century table in the parlour, have
disappeared. In one of the bedrooms is a good stone
fireplace, now whitewashed, with moulded jambs and
a shaped head, and the ceilings of the parlour and the
bedroom over are crossed by moulded beams.

The north wing, the roof of which is a little lower
than that of the main building, consists of kitchen and
washhouse, and breaks up the elevation on the north
side in rather a pleasing fashion, apparently reducing
the length of the building by forming a kind of
courtyard. This wing appears to be of about the
same date as the rest of the house, though it has
been largely rebuilt in stone and brick. On a line
with its east face is a portion of the 17th-century
stone fence wall running northward with weathered
coping and remains of a ball ornament.

HACKING, or Hacken, was another estate in the
township. It was held by the Byroms of Salford.28
Under this family it was occupied on lease by
Richard Crompton and his descendants, who seem to
have acquired the freehold,2*3 It descended to James
Crompton of Hacking, who died in 1727, and was
sold by his heirs in 1735 to the Peploes, and was
again sold at the beginning of last century by

20 The descent of this family is un-
known. In 1 60 1 it was found that Law-
rence Fogg and Robert Lever had purchased
lands in Darcy Lever of Mr. Chisnall, for
which they were summoned to do their
suit and service at the next leet court at
Manchester ; Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 174.

Robert Lever died in 1620, holding
among other properties a messuage and
lands in Little Lever alias Darcy Lever
of Edward Mosley as of his manor of
Manchester in socage by 18 d. rent.
James, his son and next heir, was over
fifty years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 255-7. The
rent is the same as that formerly paid by
the Chisnalls.

James Lever died 24 Mar. 1634-5,
holding messuages and lands in Darcy
Lever and Bolton ; the tenure is not
stated. Robert, his son and heir, was
twenty-six years of age ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xxvii, no. 61. Robert Lever
was one of the ' esquires ' in the Bury Pres-

byterian Classis at its formation in 1646.
By his first wife he had a daughter Jane,
who married John Andrews, the son of
Nicholas Andrews of Little Lever. The
Andrews family thus secured portions of
both Little Lever and Darcy Lever.

21 Robert Lever, the founder, was a
younger son of the Robert who died in
1620. He had the manor of Rivington
from his father.

22 Adam Byromof Salford died in 1559
holding eight messuages, a moiety of two
fulling-mills, &c., in Little Lever ; of the
executors of the will of Lord La Warre,
in socage, by a rent of i8</.; his grandson
Ralph, aged three years, was his heir ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 65.

Ralph Byrom, son of the last-named
Ralph, died in 1599 without issue, his
brother Adam, fourteen years of age,
being his heir. He held twelve messu-
ages, half a water-mill and fulling-mill in
Little Lever or Darcy Lever of the lord
of Manchester ; ibid, xvii, no. 39.

22a From a pleading of 1602 it appears
that Ralph Byrom, lord of Hacking, had
demised it to Richard Crompton, and then
to Richard's younger son James ; on
James's death his son Richard took pos-
session, but his right was denied by his
uncle John, elder brother of James, a
clothworker of London, on the ground
that by the custom of the manor the
eldest son had a preference ; Duchy of
Lane. Plead. Eliz. ccii, €17.

Ellis Crompton, who died 23 May
1632, held messuages in Little Lever alias
Darcy Lever of Edward Mosley, as of his
manor of Manchester in socage by a rent
of 6d. ; also messuages, &c., in Bolton.
The heir was his grandson John Crompton,
son of John son of Ellis, then fifteen years
of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii,
no. 68, 69.

In 1581 there was a fine respecting
messuages and lands in Darcy Lever and
Bolton, Lawrence Fogg and Thomas
Heyton being plaintiffs, and Ralph Byrom

34

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

^

BY ROM of Salford.
Argent a che-ueron be-
tween three hedgehogs
table, a crescent on the
cheveronfor dijference.

CROMPTON of Hack-
ing. Gules a fesse "wavy
bet-ween three Horn ram-
pant or.

Mrs. Peploe Birch to the Earl of Bradford, and has
descended with Great Lever.13

Richard Heywood had a small estate in Little
Lever in the early part of the I jth century ; l4 two
of his sons — Oliver and Nathaniel — distinguished
themselves as preachers and as leaders of the Non-
conformists after 1662."

The land-tax return of 1786 shows that James Brad-
shaw and John Peploe Birch were the chief proprietors
of Darcy Lever, paying between them nearly half the
tax. In 1797 Robert Andrews paid more than a third
of the tax for Little Lever, John Fletcher and Benja-
min Rawson being among the smaller contributors.*6

In connexion with the Church of England, St. Mat-
thew's, Little Lever, was built in 1791 and rebuilt in
1865." There are a mission church of St. Mary at
Nob End, and a mission room.

The Wesleyan Methodists have chapels at Little
Lever and Darcy Lever, and the Congregationalists
have one at the former place.*8

BREIGHTMET

Brihtmede, 1257 ; Brightemete, 1277 ; Bregh-
mete, Breghtmed, 1292 ; Brithmete, 1302 ; Bright-
mede, 1510 ; Breightmet, 1574.

The township of Breightmet lies between Bradshaw
and Blackshaw Brooks, and has an area of 872^ acres.
The highest point, Breightmet Hill, a little over
525 ft., is near the centre of the northern boundary,
and from it the surface slopes away in all directions,
chiefly to the south. The township ceased to have
an independent existence in 1898, being included in
the borough and township of Bolton by the Exten-
sion Act of that year. The population was in 1901
reckoned wi|h that of Tonge.

Numerous roads cross the area, but the chief road
is that from Bolton eastward to Bury ; and next is
the more northerly road called Red Lane, between
the same places, having Thicketford Bridge at the
west and Red Bridge at the east. Running from the
one to the other is that called Church Street and
Withins Lane.

In the southern part of the township are Oaken-
bottom and Compton Fold ; in the centre are Stone-
low Cottages.

There are a number of mills and bleach works, also
a heald and reed factory. There is a colliery.

A number of miscellaneous notes relating to this
township are printed in Bolton Historical Glean-
ings.1

A native of Breightmet, John Crompton, 1611-69,
was one of the Nonconformist divines ejected through
the Act of Uniformity in 1 662.*

The hearth tax of 1666 found forty-nine hearths
liable ; Peter Longworth had the largest dwelling,
with six hearths.3

The manor of BREIGHTMET formed
M4NOR a moiety of the Marsey fee in the parish
of Bolton,4 and was in the 1 2th century
held as one plough-land by Augustin de Breightmet.5
By his wife Edith de Barton he had as his heir a
daughter, Cecily, who married William de Notton,6
the tenant in I2I2.7 Some forty years later it was
held by Avina de Samlesbury, and divided among her
three daughters ; 8 but as Margery the eldest had no

and James Bradshaw deforciants ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 43, m. 102.

Lawrence Fogg died about the begin-
ning of 1605 ; his son Richard, as heir,
was summoned to Manchester to do suit
and service for his lands in Darcy Lever ;
Court Leet Rec. ii, 208. Richard Fogg in
1612 purchased lands in Darcy Lever of
Adam Byrom ; ibid, ii, 269. He died
n Sept. 1630, holding twenty messuages,
a water-mill, the moiety of two fulling
mills, with lands, &c., in Little Lever alias
Darcy Lever, of the lord of Manchester ;
also burgages, &c., in Bolton. Lawrence,
his son and heir, was twenty-four years
of age ; Towneley MS. C. 8, 13 (Chet.
Lib.), fol. 428. The description corre-
sponds with that of the Byrom estate above
recorded. The Fogg family produced
some prominent ecclesiastics in the i/th
century, including the curate of Liverpool
ejected in 1662, and a dean of Chester.

28 See the preceding note and the ac-
count of the Crompton family in Ormerod,
Parentalia, 30-6. The following is from
the Chester Consistory Court Records,
under Bolton, 1665 : 'There was an unlaw-
ful [Nonconformist] meeting at the house
of Ralph Lever of Little Lever, 1 3 Sept.
1665, where were present Cicelly the wife
of John Crompton of the Hacking in
Darcy Lever, John and James his sons,' &c.

84 He issued a token in 1652 ; Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. v, 80.

25 Nathaniel Heywood was vicar ot
Ormskirk, and ejected in 1662. Oliver
Heywood, B.A., of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, was ejected from Coley Chapel in
Halifax, but continued his ministrations
as far as possible in Yorkshire and Lan-
cashire in spite of excommunication, fine,
and imprisonment. In 1688 he built North
Owram chapel and laboured there till his
death in 1702. He published numerous
works, and his Diaries, four volumes,
edited by J. Horsfall Turner, were printed
in 1882-5. Me several times visited Bol-
ton and the neighbourhood and preached
at Little Lever in 1666, &c. He pur-
chased land there in 1671 ; Diaries, i, 278.

28 Land tax returns at Preston. Ben-
jamin Rawson, who had chemical works,
appears to have succeeded the Rev. Mr.
Whitehead, whose name occurs in the
return of 1788.

27 A district was assigned to it in 1866;
Land. Gaz. 1 1 May.

28 The services began in 1 848, and the
present chapel was built in 1850 ; it has
been enlarged since. There was a tem-
porary secession of part of the congrega-
tion from 1882 to 1885; Nightingale,
Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 149—53.

1 Edited by B. T. Barton, 1 8 8 1 and 1 8 8 2.
The census for Breightmet in 1801 is
printed at ii, 118-21 ; Extracts from the
township minute book at i, 58-60.

2 Diet. Nat. Biog.

266

8 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

4 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71.

5 Augustin de Breightmet about 1 1 80
gave to his brother Patrick de Mobberley
a moiety of Mobberley with reversion of
the rest after his own death ; Lord Ed-
mund Talbot's MSS. (Hist. MSS. Com.
Various Coll. ii, 290).

6 See the account of Barton-on-Irwell ;
also Ormerod, Cbet. (ed. Helsby), i, 422.

7 Inq. and Extents, loc. cit. ; he paid a
rent of %s. Later, Breightmet was de-
scribed as the eighth part of a knight's fee.

8 In 1257 Avina de Samlesbury acknow-
ledged the right of Robert de Hampton
and Margery his wife to a mill and eight
oxgangs of land (less 1 2 acres) in Breight-
met, for which they were to pay her J mark
a year for life ; after her death Robert and
Margery were to have one-third, and Cecily
and Elizabeth, the younger sisters of Mar-
gery, were to have the other two-thirds ;
Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 131, and note on p. 130.

In a charter without date John de
Altaripa granted to Cecily daughter of
William de Samlesbury and her heirs six
oxgangs of land in the territory of Bolton
and a culture called ' Hallerode wra."
One of the oxgangs was held in demesne,
and the rest by Edmund Brun (2), Mabel
(2), and Hervey (i) ; Kuerden MSS. v,
fol. 117 (2).

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

issue, the other two ultimately had each a moiety of
the manor.9

Of these Cecily married Sir John D'Ewias, and her
moiety descended to the Southworths of Samlesbury,
who retained it till the beginning of the i6th century.10
In 1510 it was in the possession of the Gerards of
Aughton,11 then of the Ainsworths,12 from whom, in
the I /th century, it passed to a branch of the Banastre
family.13 In 1725 Breightmet Hall and estate were
purchased from the Baguley family by John Parker,14

high sheriff of the county in I73Z,1S in whose family
it remained for over a century.16 No manor seems
now to be claimed in respect of this part.

The other daughter, Elizabeth, married Sir Robert
de Holland,17 and her moiety of the manor de-
scended in the male line of this family18 until 1461,
when it became forfeit together with the other pos-
sessions of Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter.19 In
1484 it was granted by Richard III to Thomas,
Lord Stanley, and his son Lord Strange,20 and this

9 In 1292 John D'Ewias and Cecily his
wife complained that Robert de Holland
and Elizabeth his wife would not agree to
make a division of two parts of the manor
of Breightmet, the inheritance of Avina
de Samlesbury, mother of Cecily and
Elizabeth ; 401. damages was awarded ;
Assize R. 408, m. 3d.; De Banco R. 92,
m. ii.

Robert de Holland and John D'Ewias
in 1302 jointly contributed to the aid, in
respect of the eighth part of a knight's
fee held by them in Breightmet of the
Earl of Lancaster ; Lanes. Inq. and Ex-
tents, i, 314.

Nicholas D'Ewias held the moiety of
the hamlet of Breightmet in 1324 by the
service of the sixteenth part of a knight's
fee, 4.5. for castle ward, and if. ^d. for sake
fee ; and Robert de Holland held the other
moiety by the like service ; Dods. MSS.
cxxxi, fol. 37/>. It is noticeable that
Breightmet is called a ' moiety of the vill
of Bolton,' showing that the former Marsey
holding in Bolton parish was regarded as
a unit.

Again in 1346 Maud de Holland and
Gilbert de Southworth held a plough-land
by the eighth part of a knight's fee,
rendering 8». and puture, as well as
is. 6d. sake-fee; Add. MS. 32103, fol.
146.

John de Holland and Richard de South-
worth held the manor in 1445-6 for the
eighth part of a fee ; the relief due was
1 21. 6d., payable by each equally ; Duchy
of Lane. Knights' Fees, 2/20.

In a later Feodary (1483) it is stated
that Christopher Southworth held one
moiety of the manor, and that the Duke
of Exeter lately held the other ; Duchy of
Lane. Misc. Bks. cxxx.

10 See the preceding note. Richard
Southworth, who died in 1472, and his
son Christopher, who died in 1487, held
messuages and land in Breightmet of the
king as of his Duchy of Lancaster by the
eighth part of a knight's fee, a rent of 81.
and 21. for sake-fee ; the clear annual
value was iooj.; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, no. 103, 41. John Southworth,
the son and heir of Christopher, a few
years after coming of age, sold or mort-
gaged the manors of Breightmet and
Harwood in 1506 to Sir John Cutt,
Miles Gerard, James Molyneux, Peter
Gerard, and William Standish ; Final
Cone, iii, 161 ; see also a writ of
1511 ; Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton, file
Z Hen. VIII. They are not found later
among the Southworth manors.

11 Miles Gerard, Elizabeth his wife,
and Peter Gerard, clerk, were deforciants
in a fine of the manors of Breightmet
and Harwood ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. n, m. 247. The manors were
probably sold, as they do not appear later
among the Gerard estates. From the
Hulton inquisition quoted below it seems
that in ISS7 Sir Edmund Trafford and

Giles Ainsworth were lords of the manor,
or of this portion of it.

12 Joan widow of Thomas Ainsworth
of Breightmet is named in 1 542 ; Duchy
Plead, (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
177. Thomas Ainsworth of Ainsworth
held fourteen messuages, a water-mill,
&c., in Breightmet and Harwood of the
queen as of her manor of East Green-
wich in socage ; he died in 1594 leaving
his brother Peter's son Robert his heir ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 8.
The estate is not called a manor.

Giles Ainsworth is found in 1576
claiming lands in Breightmet and Har-
wood against Thomas Ainsworth and
others ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,
38. By a fine of 1588 Ralph Booth
appears to have acquired the estate of
Thomas Ainsworth ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 50, m. 29. In 1597 the Earl
of Derby sold to Ralph Booth of Ains-
worth and William Bromeley the elder of
Breightmet, in consideration of £20 paid
by Giles Ainsworth of Ainsworth, a
tenement in Breightmet formerly occu-
pied by Abraham and Margaret Crompton
and then by the said Margaret Crompton
and Giles Ainsworth ; Hulme D. no.
107.

The Ainsworth estate was in 1609
'put into the Crown to prevent a remain-
der, and granted out again to Thomas
Twisden and others' ; Pat. 7 Jas. I, pt.
xxvi.

A decree was made in 1563 in a suit
between Ainsworth and Isherwood respect-
ing lands in Breightmet and Harwood ;
Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 252.

From the later history it may be
inferred that Giles Ainsworth left two
daughters as co-heirs — Katherine, who
married Richard Banastre, and Jane, who
married Richard Meadowcroft.

18 In 1623 there was a fine of the
manors of Breightmet and Harwood, the
deforciants being Richard Banastre and
Katherine his wife, Richard Meadowcroft
and Joan his wife ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 100, no. 10. From the
Visitation of 1664-5 '* appears that
Richard Banastre of Bolton was a younger
son of William Banastre of Bank, Chris-
topher being another son ; the name of
Richard's wife is not given, but he had
three sons — Henry, William, and Alexan-
der ; Dugdale's Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 23.
Richard Meadowcroft, who died about
1660, married Jane, a daughter and co-
heir of Giles Ainsworth; ibid. 196.
From this the parentage of Richard
Banastre's wife may be inferred. In
1632 the whole estate appears to have
come into the possession of Richard and
Katherine Banastre ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 119, no. 37. By a further
fine three years later Christopher Banastre
acquired, perhaps as trustee, a moiety of
the manors of Breightmet and Harwood

267

from Richard and Henry Banastre ; ibid,
bdle. 125, no. 24.

William Hulme, father of the bene-
factor, married Christine daughter of
Richard Banastre of Oakenbottom ; Ear-
waker in Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. iii, 265.

14 Bolton Hist. Gleanings, ii, 325. In his
will, William Hulme the son mentioned
Richard Baguley his brother, Christopher
and Alexander Baguley his uncles, and '
William Baguley his cousin ; Notitia Cestr.
(Chet. Soc.), ii, 72.

Alexander Baguley and Katherine his
wife are mentioned in 1655 ; she may
have been the widow of Richard Banastre;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 157,
m. 50. William Baguley of Kearsley
in 1698 leased an acre in Breightmet to
William Hilton of the latter township ;
Hulme D. no. 115.

William Baguley by his will dated
1725 left £200 towards founding and
endowing a charity school in Breightmet,
which was afterwards built on the site of
an ancient messuage at Roscow Fold,
granted by William Hulton ; End. Char.
Rep. for Bolton Boro. 1904, p. 23.

15 P.R.O. List, 74. There are pedigrees
of the Parker of Astle family in Orme-
rod, Cbes. (ed. Helsby), iii, 714, and
Earwaker, East Ches. ii, 363. From
these it appears that John Parker married
Alice daughter of Thomas Smith of
Breightmet, and died in 1778 ; his son,
the Rev. John Parker, died in 1795,
leaving a son and heir Thomas, who died
in 1840 without issue, his heirs being his
five sisters or their representatives. See
also Bolton Hist. Gleanings, i, 176, 274;
Local Gleanings Lanes, and Ches. i, 251.

16 John Parker in 1779 paid a duchy
rent of zs. -jd.\ Duchy of Lane. Rentals,
14/25 m. The land of the Rev. John
Parker contributed nearly a third of the
land tax of 1789 (returns at Preston), the
rest of the township being apparently
much divided.

V See preceding notes.

18 A moiety of the manor of Breight-
met was included in 1322 in a settlement
of various manors of Robert de Holland
and Maud his wife entailed on the heirs
male ; Final Cone, ii, 193. It was also
among the possessions of Maud widow of
Sir Robert de Holland in 1349, and of
her son Sir Robert de Holland, Lord
Holland, who died in 1373, being at the
latter date held of the Duke of Lancaster
by a rent of 21. only ; Inq. p.m. 23 Edw.
Ill (ist nos.), no. 58 ; 47 Edw. Ill (ist
nos.), no. 19. A similar return was
made in 1451 after the death of Sir John
Holland, except that the service was
stated as 51.; Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no.
45, 46.

19 See Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 3.

80 Cal. Pat. 1476-85, p. 476. See
also Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 330.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

moiety of the manor has descended to the present
Earl of Derby."

The building known as the Old Manor House
stands at the junction of Meadow Lane with Breight-
met Fold Lane, a short distance north of the main
road from Bolton to Bury, with its principal front
facing south. The building is now divided into
several tenements, and has been rebuilt at the east
end in brick ; but the older part, now in a rather
dilapidated condition, is of stone, with long, low
mullioned windows and stone-slated roofs. Part of
the building is of three stories, with an abutting
lower wing on the west side having a gabled bay-
window in the principal front. At the back some
original timber-framing remains, but the building has
suffered so much from decay and has been so much
patched with brickwork that it has lost most of its
interest. The interior is said to have retained a
shield with the date 1516 and some initials until
1908, but this has disappeared."3 The building,
however, has the appearance of belonging to the I yth
century, though the earlier date may be that of a
timber house to which a stone front was afterwards
added. Some rebuilding was done in the i8th cen-
tury, a stone on the north side high up in the wall
bearing the inscription, ' James Crompton, Ann
Crompton, the gth of May, 1713.' Below is a door
with a good wooden semi-domed hood.

Few other families appear in the records as holding
lands in the township," but the Hultons of Farn-
worth 23 are named.

The Manchester chantries had lands in Breight-
met.*4

In connexion with the Church of England, St.
James's was built in 1855 ; the patronage is exercised
alternately by the Crown and the Bishop of Man-
chester.15

The other places of worship are a Wesleyan chapel,
built in 1848, and a Free Church. Oliver Heywood

preached in Breightmet in 1666, and later at the
house of his relatives, the Cromptons, but no perma-
nent congregation seems to have resulted.86

Harewode, 1212, 1302.

The surface in this township has a general slope to
the south-west, from over 800 ft. at the north-east
corner to less than 300 ft. at the border of Breight-
met and Tonge. Bowstone Hill, 825 ft., is at the
junction of this township and Bradshaw in Bolton
parish, and Elton and Tottington in Bury. The
area is 1,239^ acres. The township as such ceased
to exist in 1898, being incorporated with Turton,1
and thus the population was in 1901 numbered with
that of Turton.

The principal road is that south-east through the
centre from Bradshaw to Ainsworth, passing through
Harwood Lee ; another road goes north-east to
Tottington ; the village or hamlet of Harwood lies
on the southern boundary.

The land is chiefly in pasture. There are stone
quarries and bleach works.

A library, reading-room, &c., were erected in 1872
from a gift by David Walsh, a miller of Harwood.

There were forty-two hearths liable to the tax in
1666, but only one house had as many as three
hearths.13

The manor of HARWOOD, originally
MANORS including Bradshaw also, was a member
of the fee of Manchester, held as one
plough-land by knight's service. In 1212 it had
become divided, being held of Robert Grelley by
Roger de Samlesbury and Alexander de Harwood.*
The Samlesbury portion seems to have descended in
the same way as the neighbouring manor of Breight-
met,3 and the Harwood moiety to the Traffords of

21 Lands in Breightmet were held by
Thomas, Earl of Derby, at his death in
1521, but no particular record of them
is given in the inquisition ; Duchy of
Lanes. Inq. p.m. v, no. 68. The account
of Alexander Lever, the bailiff for Breight-
met, Harwood, and Darwen in 1523-4,
shows that John Hulton of Farnworth, a
free tenant, paid is. rent for his holding
in Breightmet ; the tenants at will paid
,£4 i os. t^d. in all. No courts were held
in the year ; roll in possession of Lord
Lathom.

The manor is mentioned again in
1597 as in the possession of the Earl of
Derby ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
58, m. 291. For a subsequent dispute
•on the matter see Duchy of Lane. Plead.
Eliz. ccii, D. 10.

It formed part of the dower of Char-
lotte, Countess of Derby, for which she
compounded with the Parliamentary Com-
missioners in 1653 ; the 'old rents' were
j£6 75. Bd.; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 185.

2ia Bolton Journ. and Guard. Oct. 2,
1908. The house is said to have been
raided ' during the last few months,' when
apparently the dated panel was destroyed
.or stolen.

22 Roger son of Adam de Sharpies in
1292 claimed a messuage and lands in
Breightmet against Adam de Pilkington,
but the jury decided that the tenements
vrere in Bolton ; Assize R. 408, m. i.

This was probably merely a technical
defence.

28 John Hulton in 1487 held a mes-
suage, 60 acres of land, 4 acres of meadow,
20 acres of wood, and I oo acres of pasture
and turbary in Breightmet of Thomas
Stanley and John Southworth, by the
yearly rent of 2*.; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iii, no. 26. In 1557 it was stated
that William Hulton had held of Sir
Edmund Traffbrd and Giles Ainsworth ;
ibid, x, no. 32. Two fines are on record
— in 1574 and 1591 ; from the latter it
seems' that the Hultons' estate was then
sold to Katharine and Jane Ainsworth ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 36, m. 1 15;
53, m. 217.

24 There was in 1549 a dispute con-
cerning them between Alice Roscoe and
Ralph Roscoe and his wife Ellen ; Ducatut
Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 244. They arc not
mentioned in Raines, Lanes. Chant.

25 The district is officially known as
Tonge-cum-Breightmet.

26 O. Heywood, Diaries, i, 224, 241,
&c. There are many references to people
of the township in these diaries.

1 By the Bolton, Turton, &c. Extension
Act, 1898.

la Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

2 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54. It was part of a
composite fee which Richard de Lathom
held — 5^ plough-lands in Childwall, &c.,
Harwood being the other plough-land.

268

Hence each of the parceners should have
been liable for the thirteenth part of a
knight's fee, but in 1302 Harwood was
held as the eighth part of a fee.

8 That is, it became divided ; one half
descended through D'Ewias to Southworth
and was sold in the i6th century, after-
wards passing through several families ;
the other half descended to the Hollands,
and was forfeited in 1461, afterwards being
granted to the Stanleys apparently. These
portions of Harwood seem to have been
considered by their possessors as merely
appendages to Breightmet, though the
tenure was quite distinct ; thus the South-
worths certainly held part of Harwood,
but it is not separately named in the inqui-
sitions ; part of Breightmet also was
granted to Lord Stanley in 1484, without
distinct mention of Harwood, though this
must have been included.

As to the Southworths' portion, it will
be seen in the account of Breightmet that
their successors, the Ainsworths and others,
spoke of their manors of Breightmet
and Harwood. In 1655 Alexander Bagu-
ley and Katherine his wife sold the manor
of Harwood to William Hulme, founder
of the Hulme charities ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 157, m. 50.

As to the other portion, it is on record
that Robert de Holland and Elizabeth his
wife in 1292 secured the third part of a
moiety of the manor of Harwood from
William son of Turcok de Blackrod, and

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Trafford.4 The matter, however, is not quite clear,
the separation of the manor of Bradshaw causing some
confusion.5 The Trafford moiety was sold in 1589
to Nicholas Mosley,6 and he in turn sold it to five
partners, who appear to have been acting for a
number of others, for in 1615 the manor had been
divided into thirty-five portions, of which Giles
Ainsworth held one.7 Large portions came into the
possession of William Hulme, and form part of his
endowment fund.8

A grant of free warren in Harwood was obtained
in 1266-7*

The Radcliffes and Bartons of Smithills 10 and the
Hollands of Denton held lands in ' Harwood ' for
many generations.11 Adam Mort of Astley in 1630
held a messuage and fulling mill of Edward Mosley,
lord of Manchester."

Manchester Church had lands in Harwood in
I528.13

Goodwin Fold was once the property and residence
of Richard Goodwin, the ejected vicar of Bolton.14

In 1797 it appears from the land tax returns that
the land was held by a number of small proprietors.15

The commons were inclosed in i8oi.16

Maud his wife ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 169. It does not
appear how the latter pair had obtained
this portion. John D'Ewias and Cecily
his wife put in their claim.

Robert de Holland and Maud his wife
held the sixth part of the manor of Har-
wood, i.e. the third part of a moiety, in
1322 ; ibid, ii, 193. The sixth part of
the manor of Harwood was held of the
Baron of Manchester by a rent of 6d. by
Sir Robert, Lord Holland, who died in
1373 ; Inq. p.m. 47 Edw. Ill (ist nos.),
no. 19. In 1451 the estate of Sir John
Holland is described as 2 oxgangs in the
vill of Harwood, held of Sir Reginald West,
and worth 33*. Ofd, ; Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m.
no. 45-6. The manor of Harwood is
named among the possessions of Thomas,
Earl of Derby, in 1521, but the tenure is
not stated ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v,
no. 68. It appears from the rental that
tenants at will paid 29*. fya". a year, and
that 4</. of new rent was due from one
Peter Greenhalgh, for a house built on the
waste, &c., in addition to 12 J. paid to
Edmund Trafford for the same encroach-
ment ; Rental of 1523-4 in possession of
Lord Lathom. This looks as if the Earl
of Derby then claimed a fourth part of the
manor and Edmund Trafford three-fourths.

4 In 1227 Alexander de Harwood ac-
knowledged the suit of court claimed by
the lord of Manchester ; Final Cone, i,
47-8. From a fine of 1241 it appears
that John de Harwood held the half
plough-land of William de Samlesbury, for
he called upon his mesne lord to acquit
him of the suit at the court of Manchester
required by Thomas Grelley ; ibid, i, 90.
If John de Harwood were the heir of
Alexander, he would then hold the entire
manor, half immediately of the Grelleys,
and half of the Samlesburys.

In 1278 Alan de Harwood complained
that Richard D'Ewias, Margery his wife,
Robert de Holland, and others, had dis-
seised him of half the manor of Harwood.
The defence was that Richard had gone to
the war in Wales, and that Margery had
wrongly made a grant to the plaintiff ; he
showed, however, that the grant was made
by her in her widowhood, after the death
of Robert de Hampton her former hus-
band. The service was 30*. a year until
15 marks had been paid, then id. a
year; Assize R. 1217, m. 32^.

This Alan de Harwood may have been
the Alan de Bradshagh who held lands in
Harwood (or Bradshaw) in the time of
Edward I ; De Banco R. 345, m. 64 d.

Maud widow of John son of Thomas
•de Harwood in 1283 claimed dower in
Harwood and Longworth against Thomas
de Harwood ; De Banco R. 50, m. 4.

Cecily daughter of John de Harwood
was a plaintiff respecting a tenement in
Harwood in 1292, the defendants being
John D'Ewias and Robert de Holland,

but was non-suited ; Assize R. 408, m.
34 d. This may be an indication that the
Harwood family had ended in several
daughters and co-heirs. The mode in
which the Traffords succeeded is not
known. In the same year John son of
Adam son of William de Radcliffe claimed
a messuage and lands in Harwood against
Henry son of Henry de Trafford ; but it
was found that the defendant derived his
title to it from Thomas de Longworth, and
not from Adam de Radcliffe ; ibid. m. 70,
1 5 d. Henry de Trafford was defendant
in another suit ; ibid. m. 57.

The Traffords held part of the other
moiety of the manor, for in 1306 Nicholas
son of Sir John D'Ewias made a grant of
his land in Harwood to his brothers Roger
and William, the service of Henry de
Trafford being included ; Dods. MSS. liii,
fol. 19, no. 37.

In the Trafford inquisitions, their tene-
ment is not called a manor, and was stated
in 1564 to be held of Lord La Warre, by
a rent of i zd. for all services ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xi, no. n.

5 In 1302 Robert de Holland, John
D'Ewias, and Henry de Trafford held of
Thomas Grelley the eighth part of a
knight's fee in Harwood ; Lanes. Inq. and
Extents, i, 313.

In 1320 the same names are given as
those of tenants of the eighth part of a fee
in Bradshaw and Harwood, from which
two suits were due to the court of Man-
chester, also \%d. for sake fee, \%d. for
castle ward, and puture of the Serjeants ;
M amecestre (Chet. Soc.), ii, 288, 400. A
few years later Robert de Holland and
Thomas de Southworth were said to hold
the plough-land in Harwood ; ibid. 260.

In 1473 Christopher Southworth and
Sir John Trafford each held a moiety
of the manor — the Holland holding being
ignored — by the sixteenth part of a fee and
suit of court, also ^d. for sake fee and
4^</. for suit of court. It will be noticed
that the whole of the knight's service due
and half the sake fee and castle ward are
accounted for ; the remainder of these pay-
ments was due from Bradshaw ; ibid, iii,
479-80.

6 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m.
11$. Sir Nicholas Mosley in 1601, stat-
ing that he had for fourteen years held the
manor of Harwood, with waste ground and
moor called Harwood Common and Har-
wood Lee, complained that John Brad-
shaw and others had entered therein and
filled up a coalpit sunk there at plaintiff's
great cost, and further that John Brad-
shaw had sunk a shaft on his own land but
also took coals under the plaintiff's land,
caused water to flow into plaintiff's pit,
and took slate, stone, and turf in Harwood;
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Eliz. cciv, M. 4.

7 Hulme D. no. 108. The deed recites
the sale of the manor or lordship of Har-
wood and all messuages and lands in Bol-

269

ton by Sir Edmund Trafford and his son
Edmund ; and the sale of the same in
1612 for £1,100 by Sir Nicholas Mosley
and Sir Edward Mosley to Ralph Higson,
Henry Haworth, Edward Greenhalgh,
Lawrence Horrocks, and Matthew Harri-
son ; and the purchasers in 1615 for £38
sold to Giles Ainsworth certain messuages
and lands in the hands of occupiers named,
and a thirty-fifth part of the moors, com-
mons, &c., belonging to the manor. An-
other part was soon afterwards sold to John
son and heir of William Brooke ; ibid. no.
109. This perhaps afterwards came into
the possession of William Hulme, for in
1664 he leased to William Brooke the
tenement in Harwood then occupied by
the said William Brooke and Margaret
his mother, and previously by John Brooke,
the father of William ; the rent was 1 31. %d.
All corn and grain grown there were to
be brought to Oakenbottom mill to be
ground, or io*. rent was to be paid to
Charles, Earl of Derby ; ibid. no.. 112.

Edmund Brooke died 2 May 1628
holding a messuage and lands in Harwood
of Edward Mosley ; George, his son and
heir, was of full age ; Towneley MS.
C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), fol. 70. The Rev.
Samuel Brooke of Dorking, 1698, was a
benefactor to the poor of Harwood ; End.
Char. Rep. for Bolton Parish, 1 904, p. i o.
Edward Greenhalgh died 14 Nov. 1624,
holding a similar tenement ; John, his son
and heir, was about thirty years of age ;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 13, fol. 459.

8 In the preceding notes it has been
shown that he purchased various parts of
the manor : he included his estate in Har-
wood in those destined for the benefit of
' four of the poor sort of Bachelors of Arts '
at Brasenose College, Oxford ; Notitia
Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 72.

9 A charter to Robert de Hampton of
free warren in Allonby in Cumberland,
Formby, Harwood, &c., in Lancashire ;
Dods. MSS. cxlix, fol. 55 ; Cal. Rot. Cart.
(Rec. Com.), 94.

lu The land was perhaps partly or wholly
in Bradshaw ; q.v.

11 This was probably in Sharpies ; q.v.

12 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, 33.
18 Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 201.

14 It had been held by John and James
Crompton, and was purchased by Richard
Goodwin in 1645, together with lands of
Joshua Lomax of St. Albans, and John
Lomax of Harwood ; afterwards it came
to James Okey, and in 1790 was the pro-
perty of James John Hey wood, having been
bought from Richard Jones and Sophia his
wife ; Sol ton Journ. 21 Aug. 1875.

15 Land Tax Returns at Preston ; the
estate of Brasenose College (or Hulme's
trustees) paid an eighth part of the total.

16 The inclosure was brought into con-
sideration in 1781 ; the Act was obtained
in 1797 (37 Geo. Ill), and the award made
in 1801 ; Bolton Hist. Glean, i, 357-8.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Christ Church was erected in 1840 and the
patronage is vested in three trustees.17 It contains old
carved oak fittings which have been brought from
various places.

There are Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist
chapels.

BRADSHAW

Bradeshagh, 1312, and generally ; Bradshaw, 1580.

This township occupies the western slope of a hill
which rises from below 400 ft. at Bradshaw Brook on
the west to 888 ft. on the eastern boundary, not
much more than a mile away. Bradshaw village
occupies the southern corner ; Horrobin mills, Birches,1
and Turton Bottoms, are in the north. The area is
1,156 acres. The population was in 1901 enume-
rated with that of Turton, in which township Brad-
shaw was included by the Bolton Extension Act of
1898.

Watling Street, an old Roman road, runs along the
north-east boundary. It is joined by the road from
Bolton, which passes through the village and then
north and north-east through the township.

John Bradshaw's house, the Hall, had thirteen
hearths liable to the tax in 1666 ; the other houses
were all small, the whole township containing only
thirty-eight hearths.2

The land is chiefly in pasture. There are large
bleaching, dyeing, and calico-printing works.

There is a cross on Watling Street,3 and the pedestal
of another near the western border.

Originally BR ADSHAW was included
MANOR in Harwood, of which it formed the
northern moiety ; * but a local family
established itself there, and in time the manor was con-
sidered to be held directly of the lords of Manchester
by the fourth part of a knight's fee, and payments of
f)J. each for sake fee and castle ward.5

No proper account of the family can be given,
though it retained its estate from the middle of the
1 3th century to the end of the I7th.6 William and
Roger de Bradshaw occur in Turton pleas in I 246.' In
1253 Roger de Brockholes came to an agreement with
Ughtred de Bradshaw concerning 4 acres in Bradshaw
which Roger had received in free marriage with
Mabel the sister of Ughtred, together with right of
pasture in Bradeheme.8 At a later date William son
of Roger de Brockholes released to Robert son of
Henry son of Ughtred de Bradshaw all his claim to
the said lands.9 In 1324 Robertson of Henry de
Bradshaw made a settlement of the manor of Brad-
shaw.10 There are only fragmentary notices of the
family during the two centuries following this.11
An Alexander Bradshaw was head of the family in
1514, when he was succeeded by his son John,1* and

*" For endowments see Land. Gaz.
9 July 1867; 16 Nov. 1877; 29 July
1 88 1. It was constituted an independent
parish church in 1857. Its erection was
due chiefly to the efforts of Robert Lomax,
of Lomax Fold, the representative of a
family long resident in the township.
Joshua Lomax of St. Albans, by his will
of 1685, charged his messuage, mill, and
lands in iarwood with certain charitable
payments.

1 The Birches was the subject of a suit
in 1535 between Alexander Bradshaw and
Edmund Bradshaw, and others ; Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), i, 149.

3 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

8 Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xxii, 148,
149.

4 See the account of Harwood.

s Harland, Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), iii,
480. In the 1 6th century the tenure was
socage.

6 This family, in spite of its obscurity,
is supposed to have been the parent stock
of the more famous ones of Bradshagh of
Haigh near Wigan and Bradshagh of
Westleigh, as well as of others.

7 Assize R. 404, m. 2.

8 Kuerden, fol. vol. ; Harl. MS. 2112,
fol. 107. Ughtred is here spelt Huard.
Ughtred de Bradshaw had a grant of com-
mon of pasture in Harwood from Alex-
ander de Cuerdale ; ibid. fol. 149^.
Brockholes was a part of the composite
fee in which was Bradshaw.

9 Kuerden fol. MS. It appears from this
that Mabel was the daughter of Henry,
who must therefore have been the father
of Ughtred (Huthred).

Henry de Bradshaw had a charter from
Henry Maudgeston [Monewdon], lord of
Tottington till 1 23 5,allowing him common
of pasture for all cattle fed in Bradshaw ;
Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 149^. This prob-
ably relates to the acre in Affetside, which
long descended with Bradshaw.

Several other members of the Bradshaw
family occur in deeds, &c., of the latter
part of the I3th century. In 1285 Beat-

rice widow of Ughtred de Bradshaw in a
claim for dower appeared against Henry
son of Robert de Bradshaw respecting a
messuage and lands in Bradshaw by Bury;
against Alan son of William de Bradshaw
respecting a messuage and 2 oxgangs of
land there ; against Mary widow of Wil-
liam de Bradshaw respecting a messuage
and i oxgang of land ; against Henry son
of Matthew de Conway respecting a mes-
suage and land ; against William son of
Henry del Thorne respecting two mes-
suages, 6 oxgangs of land, &c. ; and
against Mary de Bradshaw respecting a
messuage, oxgang, &c. ; De Banco R. 58,
m. 7 d. The 10 oxgangs here in evidence
cannot be oxgangs of assessment, as the
whole of Harwood contained only i
plough-land.

Alan de Bradshaw is named again ; De
Banco R. 345, m. 64 d. ; he was pro-
bably the Alan de Harwood mentioned in
the account of that township. Amery
widow of Alan de Bradshaw in 1296
claimed dower in Harwood against Roger
de Radcliffe ; ibid. 113, m. 120. Simon
de Bradshaw was a plaintiff in 1292 ;
Assize R. 408, m. 5. In the same year a
Richard de Bradshaw is mentioned ; Plac.
de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 229, 230, 605.
In 1 274 the sheriff was ordered to arrest
certain persons on a charge of complicity
in the death of John de Bradshaw ; Coram
Rege R. 12, m. 69. John son of Simon
de Bradshaw was witness to a charter in
1335 ; Harl. MS. 2112, fol. 145/181.

10 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 59 ; it is not clear who the
Henry de Bradshaw was by whose agency
the settlement was made.

Robert de Bradshaw appears as early as
1292 as plaintiff against Henry de Traf-
ford respecting a tenement in Harwood ;
Assize R. 408, m. 57. In 1306 Robert
de Bradshaw was one of the two free ten-
ants of Harwood [i.e. for Bradshaw], and
Nicholas D'Ewias granted his homage and
service to his brothers Roger and William
D'Ewias ; Dods. MSS. liii, fol. 19, no. 37.

27O

In 1311 he held of the Earl of Lincoln a
pasture in Tottington by homage and the
service of izd. a year ; Mamecestre, ii, 255.

11 Henry de Bradshaw attested a charter
in 1341 and John Bradshaw in 1350;
Harl. MS. 21 12, fol. i45*/i8i£, 152/188,

A few notes from charters are
printed in the Pisit.of 1613 (Chet. Soc.),,
58. From one of these it appears that
Robert de Bradshaw had a son Henry,,
occurring in 1343, and another son
Richard, mentioned in 1393-4; a Thomaa
son of John de Bradshaw was living in
1378-9. Further, Henry de Bradshaw
had a son Ellis, also living in 1378-9.
The succession therefore was probably, in
spite of the long descents, Robert — s.
Henry — s. Ellis.

Ellis de Bradshaw appears several:
times between 1385 and 1395 ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 13, 6 1. He is prob-
ably the Ellis de Bradshaw who, with
Margaret his wife, recovered seisin of
lands in Coppull, &c., in 1403 ; Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xxxiii, App. 3. John son of
Ellis de Bradshaw was in 1395 already-
married to Eleanor, one of the daughters
and heirs of John de Arderne, then seven
years of age, to whom his father was one
of the guardians ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. i, 60 ;.
ii, 7-9. John de Bradshaw is from time
to time mentioned down to 1433 5 'bid.
ii, 37 ; Pal. of Lane. Chan. Misc. 1/9, m-
72. The land in Lower Darwen, after-
wards in possession of the family, prob-
ably came from his marriage. After forty
years another Ellis appears as lord of
Bradshaw ; Mamecestre, iii, 480.

la In 1501 Alexander (son and heir-
apparent of John) Bradshaw of Bradshaw
agreed with Richard Holland of Denton
concerning the marriage of Alexander's
son and heir John with Ellen daughter of
Richard Holland; Harl. MS. 2112, fol.
154/190.

The Tottington court rolls (preserved at
Clitheroe Castle and the Record Office)
afford another clue, by means of the acre
in Affetside. In 1508 Andrew Bradshaw

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

he by several generations of the same name.13 In the
i yth century the family was remarkable for its Puritan-
ism in a Puritan district.14 About this time their
fortunes began to decline, and in 1 694 the manor was
purchased by Henry Bradshaw of Marple in Cheshire,
a nephew of the regicide John Bradshaw.15 It has
since descended regularly, by Henry's daughter and
heir Mary, who married Nathaniel Isherwood of

AAA

BRADSHAW. Argent
nao bendlets between as
many martlets sable.

ISHIRWOOD. Argent
afesse dancetty assure, OH
a chief of the second a
lion passant or.

Bolton, to Mr. John Henry Bradshawe Isherwood, the
present lord of the manor and principal landowner.18

Bradshaw Hall stands a little over a quarter of a
mile north of the village on the left bank of the Brad-
shaw Brook, hidden from the road by tall trees. The
house is a fragment of a fine I yth-century building,
with a new south front dating from the early years of
the last century and a large modern north-west wing.
The original building had a frontage facing east of over
60 ft., and was of three stories with centre porch and
flanking bay windows going up the full height, and
with an almost continuous range of mullioned and
transomed windows on each floor. The walls were
faced with sandstone and finished with a plain parapet
ornamented with spiked finials, and the roofs were
covered with stone slates. On the north side the
house extended westward about 60 ft., the plan thus
forming an irregular L-shape, eaci wing being 25 ft.
in width. The north wing still stands pretty much
as when built, being still three stories in height and
preserving its rows of mullioned and transomed
windows, together with the stone parapet, but the east

had died, leaving a brother and heir John,
who received possession of the land. The
next in succession was Alexander Brad-
shaw, who died in 1514, and his son John
succeeded him. At this point the inquisi-
tion* and visitations begin.

18 John Bradshaw had a letter from
Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland and
Warden of the Marches, desiring his
assistance against the Scots ; VIM, of 1613,
p. 58. He died 19 Jan. 1542-3, holding
the manor of Bradshaw in Harwood, with
sixteen messuages, a fulling mill, a water-
mill, &c., together with messuages and
lands in Sharpies, Bolton, Harwood, and
Rivington, the manor and lands in Brad-
shaw being held of Lord La Warre in
socage, by a rent of <)d. yearly and two
suits at his court of Manchester ; the land
in Harwood was held of Edmund Traf-
ford in socage by the rent of a barbed
arrow ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no.
33. The inquisition recites a feofFment
for the benefit of his wife Ellen, who sur-
vived him ; also grants to his surviving
brothers Hugh and Robert, made in 1523
and 1532 respectively. John Bradshaw,
the son and heir, was over forty years of
age. He had special licence of entry ;
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 551. See
also Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 64.

John Bradshaw the younger died on 10
July 1548, leaving a son and heir only
fourteen years of age. His wife was Mary
daughter of Ralph Orrell ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 31. By his will
he gave all his lands, &c., in Bradshaw
and Rivington to Mary his wife for a term
of twelve years ; they included the hall
with its appurtenances, various closes
named Mort's Hill, Beysingley, Chapel
Fields, Holmes after the Water (formerly
Holme Hurststead), Oldham, &c. Pro-
vision was made for his younger sons and
daughters — Ralph, Robert, Alexander,
Richard, Agnes, Ellen, Margaret, Anne,
and Elizabeth. To his son and heir John
he left ' all such heirlooms as are specified
in my father's last will,' his best gelding,
a great ark standing in the barn, and all
his harness. He desired to be buried with-
in Bolton Church, near the accustomed
burial-place of his ancestors ; With (Chet.
Soc. new ser.), i, 6-10. See also Ducatus
Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 15, 32.

The heir, the third John Bradshaw in
succession, had special licence of entry in

1556 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxix, App. 551.
He died on 14 May 1574, leaving as heir
his son John, then twenty-two years of
age. The manors and lands were un-
changed ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiii,
no. 39. The day before his death he
made provision for his younger son
Nicholas and his daughters Anne, Eliza-
beth, Alice, and Mary ; ibid. See also
Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. (ed. Earwaker), i, 1 68.
In 1587 disputes arose over the provision
made for the daughter Anne, who married
Thomas Holt of Hagley, Bucks.; Duchy
of Lane. Plead, cxlii, H, 2 ; cxxv, H, 20.

John Bradshaw, who succeeded, made a
settlement of the manor and lands in
1580 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 42,
m. 140. He was living in 1613, when a
pedigree was recorded, which begins
wrongly. He died 31 Dec. 1626 holding
the manor of Bradshaw, with sixteen
messuages, a fulling mill, 300 acres of
land, 200 acres of meadow, 500 acres of
pasture, 50 acres of wood, 500 acres of
moor, &c., in Bradshaw, ij acres in Har-
wood, and a messuage in Bolton ; John
his son and heir was over forty years of
age ; Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.),
fol. 78 ; Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. iii, 128.

John Bradshaw the heir was still living
in 1664, when a pedigree was recorded,
showing a son John and a grandson also
John, the last-named being eighteen years
of age ; Dugdale, Ft sit. (Chet. Soc.), 50.
This pedigree was signed by Hugh Brad-
shaw, a younger son of John the grand-
father. John Bradshaw, a ' very ancient '
man, was buried 3 Feb. 1665-6 ; an inci-
dent at his funeral is narrated by Oliver
Heywood in his Diaries, iii, 94.

A settlement of the manor of Brad-
shaw, &c., was made by fine in 1642, the
deforciants being John Bradshaw and Anne
his wife, John Hartley and Alice his wife ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 141, no. 5.

A ' Shakespeare Bible ' noticed in N.
and Q. (6th ser. xi, 57) contains some
particulars of the Bradshaw family,
William, younger son of John Bradshaw,
having been an owner of it.

14 A zealous Protestant, writing in
1595 to some one in authority urging
the more rigorous prosecution of recusants,
suggested John Bradshaw of Bradshaw as
a proper person to be nominated a commis-
sioner for the purpose ; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 585. He was a justice

271

of the peace ; ibid. 583. In 1620 he and
a number of others were presented ' for
not communicating at Easter last or not
receiving the same kneeling ' ; he appears
to have conformed by deputy ; Scholes and
Pimblett, Bolton, 315. He was a member
of the Presbyterian classis in 1 646. After
the Restoration Bradshaw Chapel, by the
conniva.ice of the Bradshaw family, re-
mained in the hands of the Nonconfor-
mists for some time.

15 ' John Bradshaw of Bradshaw, Esq.,
in his will dated 15 March 1693-4, re-
cites his indentures of 15-16 May 1692,
whereby he empowered his trustees,
Henry Wrigley of Langley, Thomas Brad-
shaw of Haslingden, and John Jenkinson
of Failsworth, gents., by lease, mortgage,
or sale to raise legacies for his younger
children from his manor of Bradshaw,
Bradshaw Hall, and all his lands in Brad-
shaw, Harwood, and Tottington ; and
these trusts fulfilled he devised the same
lands to his son John Bradshaw and his
heirs. This son shortly afterwards, hav-
ing no issue by his wife, a daughter of
— Gregge of Chester, sold the estate
to Henry Bradshaw of Marple Hall ' ;
Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 17.

John Bradshaw, the testator, was buried
30 March 1694; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep.
xiv, App. iv, 291. The sale of his estates
must have been determined upon already,
for by fine of 28 March 1694 Henry
Bradshaw secured from John Bradshaw,
Thomas Bradshaw, Henry Wrigley, and
John Jenkinson the manor of Bradshaw,
together with messuages, water grain
mill, lands and pasture rights in Brad-
shaw, Harwood, and Tottington ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 232, m. 70.

'After the sale of Bradshaw the family
was represented by the descendants of
Thomas Bradshaw, Esq. (great-uncle of
the vendor), and his wife Elizabeth,
daughter and heiress of Edward Raws-
torne of Lum Hall, Esq., and whose
grandson, — Rawstorne, gent., by his wife
Dorothy, daughter of the Rev. Henry
Walmsley of New Malton in the county
of York, had a son Dr. Henry Bradshaw,
living in Salford in 1765, and who con-
sidered himself entitled to this estate of
his male ancestors'; Raines, op. cit. ii, 18.

18 For an account of this family see
Earwaker, East Cheshire, ii, 61-76;
Ormerod, Cheshire (ed. Helsby), iii, 843.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

front at some time before the beginning of the 1 8th
century has been mutilated by the removal of the
upper story and the destruction of the south end. All
that remains standing therefore is now the lower part
of the northern end of the principal elevation, includ-
ing the porch and chamber over, and the bay window
adjoining it on the north. Above the porch the wall
is carried up to the level of the sills of the now-
destroyed upper windows, but along the remainder of
the front the later roof constructed after the removal
of the upper story is visible, and the wall ends just
above the first-floor windows. This front, therefore,
though picturesque as a fragment, is divested of all its
original architectural proportions, and suffers greatly in
its sky line by the somewhat haphazard way in which
the later repairs were effected. The porch entrance
is under a semicircular doorway flanked by rather
rude fluted Tuscan columns on pedestals, and carry-
ing an entablature ornamented with large spiked
finials. Above the door is a stone with the arms of
Bradshaw, and the arms occur again with supporters
on a stone over the five-light mullioned window to the
porch chamber. In 1813 a restoration of the house
took place, when the present plain south front was
erected, much of the old stone being removed. The
porch between the flanking sash bay windows on this
side is a later addition, and a large north-west wing
has been added to the house in recent times. In
1890 the foundations of the destroyed part of the east
front were laid bare, the ground, which had risen on
this side of the house 2 or 3 ft., was reduced to its
original level, and the steps to the porch restored.
The interior is almost entirely modernized, bat in the
window of the breakfast-room are two old quarries
bearing the arms and crest of Bradshaw. The date
of the erection of the house is not known, but it was
probably the early years of the I yth century.

The Radcliffes of Smithills and their successors the

Bartons long had an estate in Harwood, apparently in
the Bradshaw part of that township.17 There are
but few other references to the place.18

The landowners in 1802 were Henry Bradshaw
Isherwood and John Parker, the latter contributing
about a fifth of the land tax.19

A chapel is supposed to have existed
CHURCH at Bradshaw before the Reformation,
but nothing is known of its history ; *° a
mediaeval bell, hanging in the present chapel, is said
to have been brought from Yorkshire.21 It was rebuilt
about 1 640 by the Bradshaw family ," and after decay-
ing somewhat was in good repair in 1724. There
was no endowment." In 1 843 it was ' a mean and
dilapidated structure,' but was rebuilt in 1872 in the
Early English style, and is known as St. Maxentius'."
The ivy-grown tower of the old building of i6th or
1 7th century date still stands in the churchyard to
the west of the present church. Formerly it was little
more than a domestic chapel for the Bradshaws and
their tenants," and after the Restoration was used by
the Nonconformists from time to time ; n but the
incumbents are now nominated by the vicars of
Bolton. The net value is given as £385 a year. A
parish was assigned to it in i853.tr The following
have been curates and vicars : — *8

1726 John Norris, M.A. (Glasgow)
1737-8 James Wyld, M.A.
1769 Robert Dean, B.A."
1 799 John Atkinson, M.A.
1802 John Lutener, B.A.
1812 Thomas Brocklebank I0
1822 Birkett Dawson, B.D. (Emmanuel Coll.

Camb.)

1844 Philemon Alfred Galindo," B.A. (T.C.D.)
1877 Robert Kershaw Judson, M.A. (St. John's

Coll. Camb.)

17 In 1312 Roger de Radcliffe received
from Adam del Birches a messuage, 30
acres of land, &c., in Harwood and Brad-
shaw, the remainders being to Robert
son of Roger and his heirs, and then to
Adam de Hulton and his heirs ; Final
Cone, ii, 1 3. From later suits it appears
that this estate had in the time of Ed-
ward I been granted by Alan de Brad-
shaw to Roger de Radcliffc and his issue ;
in default to remain to Richard brother
of Roger and his issue ; by virtue of
which, as Roger died without issue, it
should have descended to Robert son and
heir of Richard de Radcliffe, and then to
Richard son of Robert, who claimed it in
1 346 ; De Banco R. 345, m. 64 d. It
appears that in virtue of the fine of 1312
Adam de Hulton (and Roger his son) and
John de Radcliffe, rector of Bury, had
taken possession ; Robert the son of
Roger, named in the fine, died without
issue; ibid. R. 344, m. 21 d. ; R. 348,
m. 404 d.

This appears to be the estate in ' Har-
wood ' held by Sir Ralph de Radcliffe of
Smithills in 1406 of John son of Ellis
de Bradshaw in socage by a rent of 31. ;
its value was 40*. a year clear ; Tcwneley
MS. DD, no. 1504. In 1517 John Bar-
ton's estate in Harwood and Bradshaw
was held of the lord of Manchester by
unknown services ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. iv, no. 82. It is also mentioned in
later inquisitions, e.g. Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ch.es.), i, 207-11.

18 In 1302 Adam de Hindley did not

prosecute a claim against Hugh de Hindley
and others respecting a tenement in Brad-
shaw ; Assize R. 418, m. 13.

Joan widow of Richard de Faldwor-
things in 1351 claimed a messuage and
two plough-lands in Bradshaw against
Thurstan de Holland ; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. i, Mich. m. 5 d., Lent m. 7.

19 Land tax returns at Preston.

20 The ' Chapel fields ' are mentioned in
the will of John Bradshaw, 1548, already
quoted.

21 See Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xii,
115, 116; the inscription is AVE MARIA

GRACIA PLENA.

22 The chapel existed in 1650, when it
was served by Mr. Felgate, 'a man of
civil carriage,' who had been elected by
the congregation ; there was no income
beyond the voluntary offerings of the
people ; Common-wealth Ch. Surv. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 33. Nothing is
«aid as to the chapel having been recently
built, as is done in some other cases ; but
it was recommended that it be made a
parish church. In 1646 it had been
ordered that ,£13 i6s. lod. a year, out of
Mr. Anderton's sequestered tithes, be
allowed to the minister ; Plund. Mint.
Accts. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 1 7.
There are references to Mr. Felgate's ap-
pointment and conduct in Bury Classis
(Chet. Soc.), 97, 99, 106, 107, 121, 122.
Mr. Bankes was the preacher in 1653 ;
ibid. 133. For Samuel Felgate's subse-
quent career see Dr. Shaw's account of
him, op. cit. 225, 226 ; and for James

272

Bankes, a Royalist, Manchester Classis
(Chet. Soc.), 411-12.

28 Gastrell, Notitiay ii, 17, 1 8 ; the
voluntary contributions amounted to
about £12 a year. There were thirty-
five 'papists 'in the chapelry, a Dissen-
ters' meeting-place (which had disappeared
by 1724), and a solitary Quaker.

24 Mr. Galindo for some reason ima-
gined this to have been the old dedication.

25 John Bradshaw in 1541 paid a chap-
lain, who may, however, have ministered
in the parish church ; Clergy List (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 13.

26 Oliver Heywood preached funeral
sermons there in 1669 ; Diaries, i, 98,
263. See also Bridgeman, Wigan Church
(Chet. Soc.), iii, 470, and W. F. Irvine,
Ri-uington, 94.

From Mr. Earwaker's notes and the
Visitation Lists it appears that John (or
Thomas) Isherwood was at the chapel in
1 663, Charles Isherwood in 1 67 1, and Rich-
ard Critchley in 1676. In 1687 Bishop
Cartwright ordained Thomas Whitehead,
B.A., of Jesus College, Cambridge, to the
curacy ; Raines in Notitia Cestr. ii, 18. He
was at Rochdale in 1691.

2? Lond. Gaz. 4 March 1853.

28 From the Church P. at Chester Dioc.
Reg.

29 Also curate of Cockey in 1778 ; he
died in 1799 ; Parson Folds, 49.

80 Vicar of Deane, 1 81 8 to 1830.

81 By his will and codicil, 1878-80, he
left £1,560 to the endowment of the
church ; End. Char. Rep.

<

ffi

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

TURTON

Turton, 1212, and commonly; Thurton, 1277;
Terton alias Torton, 1282.

This township, with an area of 4,614 acres,
extends in a north and north-west direction for
nearly 5 miles. A large part of the centre is occupied by
lofty moorlands, known as Turton Heights and Tur-
ton Moor, rising to 1,100 and 1,280 ft. respec-
tively. Along the northern and eastern boundaries
flows the Cadshaw or Bradshaw Brook, on the upper
part of which have been formed two large reservoirs
for the Bolton Waterworks. The village of Turton,
called Chapeltown, lies near this brook about the
centre of the valley, close to the junction of the
boundaries of Turton, Edgeworth, Quarlton, and
Bradshaw. Billy Brook bounds Chapeltown on the
west and south ; to the south of it the ground rises
again, forming a spur of the greater hills mentioned,
and here stands Turton Tower at a height of 600 ft.
above the sea. Still farther to the south, on the
slope of the main elevation, is the hamlet of Bromley
Cross.1 Farther south again, on the tongue of land
between Bradshaw and Eagley Brooks, lie the hamlets
of Birtenshaw and Oaks. Eagley Brook forms the
south-west boundary of the township. Proceeding
north-west from Birtenshaw are in succession the
villages and hamlets of Toppings, Dunscar, Coxgreen,
Egerton or Walmsley, and Dimple.

In 1 90 1 the census was taken in two portions ;
the population of the eastern half, together with
Harwood and Bradshaw, was 1,611 ; and that of the
western part, including Longworth, was 7,389.

The principal road, that from Bolton to Darwen,
divides at the southern end of the township so as to
pass round each side of the central hill ; the eastern
branch goes through Turton village to Edgeworth,
and the western through Egerton, over Charters Moss,
916 ft. high, to Blackburn. The Lancashire and
Yorkshire Company's Bolton and Blackburn railway
passes through the eastern side of the township, and
has three stations— the Oaks, Bromley Cross, and
Turton and Edgeworth.

To the north of Toppings stands the Blair Hos-
pital, built in 1886 from a bequest of Stephen Blair,
formerly M.P. for Bolton.1

On the summit of the hill to the north-east of
Walmsley is or was a Druidical circle.8 The Hang-

ing stone is near the extreme north-west boundary.
The copper head of an old British standard has been
found. Some notes of Turton Tower, Egerton
Hall, and skulls found, are given in Harland and
Wilkinson's Legends.

The ' old Turton acre ' had 6^ yards to the
perch.4

A token was issued at Walmsley Chapel in 1652.*

There were 138 hearths liable to the tax in 1666.
The largest houses were those of James Chetham,
with fourteen hearths, and Mrs. Walmsley six.6

The cross and stocks were formerly near the school
at Turton.

A local board was formed in 1873 ; 7 this was re-
placed by an urban district council in 1 894. Four
years later the district was extended so as to include
the adjacent townships of Harwood, Bradshaw,
Quarlton, Edgeworth, Entwisle, Longworth, and the
northern part of Sharpies.8 The council has twenty-
one members, elected by seven wards — Chapeltown,
Bromley Cross, Eagley, Egerton, Bradshaw, Edge-
worth, and Belmont. By the same Act the township
or civil parish of Turton was extended to include
Harwood and Bradshaw.

There are numerous cotton mills, print works,
bleach works, dye works, and quarries. The land
is chiefly in pasture. The Egerton spinning mills
were formerly worked by a powerful water wheel.
There is a disused paper mill at Chapeltown.

The cattle fair, formerly held on 4 and 5 Sep-
tember, now takes place on the first Monday in
September. A poetical lament over the immorality
which used to characterize the occasion was printed
by William Sheldrake in I789.9

The manor of TURTON, assessed as
M4NOR one plough-land, was from the earliest

record of it a mem-
ber of the barony of Manches-
ter. In 1 212 it formed part
— later called a fourth or an
eighth part— of the composite
knight's fee held chiefly by
Richard de Lathom,10 and ap-
pears to have been granted to
one of the junior members of
the Lathom family, who also

. f rmt LATHOM. Or on a

received the manor of Tar- Mef indented azure three

bock in Huyton.11 There was, plates.

1 Arthur Bromley of Turton occurs in
1617 and later ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 45.

8 End. Char. Rep. for Bolton Parish,
1904, p. 77.

8 It was almost entirely destroyed by
a farmer in order to prevent trespassing.
Another circle has been found ; Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xi, 155 ; xii, 42-51.

4 Scholes, Turton Toiuer, 14.

* Lanes, and Ches. Antiq. Soe. v, 91 ;
it bears the initials W. A. W.

6 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

7 Land. Gaz. 8 April 1873.

8 By the Bolton, Turton, and West-
houghton Extension Act, 1898.

9 The writer gives a not too flattering
account of the ' little paltry-looking vil-
lage,' with its thirteen houses, chapel, and
school. The villagers combined agricul-
ture and weaving.

10 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54. In 1282
Robert de Lathom held Turton for the

fourth part of a knight's fee, while twenty
years later Ellen de Torbock held directly
of Thomas Grelley the eighth part of a fee
in Turton; ibid. 248, 314. In 1320
Ellen de Torbock for the eighth part of a
fee in Turton owed homage to the lord of
Manchester, paid yearly i8</. sake fee and
i S</. for castle ward, and rendered puture ;
Mamecestre (Chct. Soc.), ii, 286.

Sir Thomas de Lathom was returned as
holding Turton in 1346-55 ; Feud. Aids,
iii, 89.

11 See the account of Tarbock, V.C.H.
Lanes, iii. There is no record of the manner
in which they became possessed of Tur-
ton, but as early as 1246 Henry de Tor-
bock was a defendant to a claim for the
third part of a mill in Turton put forward
by William de Bradshaw ; Assize R. 404,
m. 2. A grant of free warren was obtained
in 1256-7. Henry de Lathom of Tarbock
and Ellen his wife were lords of the vill
in 1280 and in 1284, when, with others,
they were charged with having disseised

273

Ellis son of Gamel of his common of
pasture in 200 acres of moor in Turton ;
De Banco R. 36, m. 93 ; Assize R. 1268,
m. ii d. ; R. 1271, m. 12. It may be
added that there was in 1292 a dispute
between William and Alexander, sons of
Ellis Gamelson, respecting a rent of \\d.
arising out of a tenement in Turton ;
Assize R. 408, m. 61. Also between
Alexander and his father ; ibid. m. 6 d.

Ellen widow of Henry de Lathom in
1301 recovered two messuages and 10 acres,
in Turton against Ralph de Radcliffe ; De
Banco R. 135, m. 131 d.

Adam son of Adam de Olleden claimed!
two messuages, 40 acres of land, &c., in,
Turton, against Richard de Torbock in.
1324-5$ and against Ellen widow of Henry
de Lathom and Richard her son in 1331 £
Ellen, however, produced a quitclaim by
Adam ; Assize R. 426, m. 9 ; R. 1404,
m. i8d.

A more important plea occurs in De-
cember 1355, when Sir William Carles

35

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

however, a family using Turton as a surname." The
manor descended with Tarbock until the beginning
of the I 5th century.11 John de Torbock, who died
in 1420, left a daughter and heir Elizabeth, who
married William Orrell of Orrell, near Wigan, and a
partition of the estates was made, Tarbock being
secured by the heir male, while Turton became the
seat of the Orrells.14 Each line from time to time laid
claim to the whole of the estates, but without success.15
Apart from these lawsuits but little record of the
family has survived.16 Ralph Orrell died at Turton
on 24 July 1533, holding the manor of Turton of
Sir Thomas West, Lord La Warre, as of his manor of
Manchester, the mesne lordship of Lathom having

probably long been forgotten ;
the service was unknown to
the jury, but a rent of i8</.
was payable. Ralph Orrell
also held lands in Dalton and
Wigan, and left as heir his son
John, then twenty-five years
of age." John Orrell died
in 1 58 1,18 and his son Wil-
liam made a feoffment of the
manor of Turton in that year.19
William, who built Turton
Tower in 1 596,*° was followed
by his son and heir John,31 and the latter by his bro-

ORRELL. Argent
three torteaux in bend
bet-ween two bendlett
gules, a chief sable.

and Emma his wife, then lords of Tarbock,
claimed from Sir Thomas de Lathom the
elder an acquittal of the service demanded
by Sir Roger La Warre ; Duchy of Lane.
Assize R. 4, m. 25. This shows that the
mesne lordship of the Lathoms was still
recognized.

la William de Turton is named in 1204
as a man of some position ; Farrer, Lanes.
Pipe R. 218, quoting Curia Regis R. 34.
He may have been lord of the place under
the Lathoms, his manor passing to
the Torbocks by a daughter's marriage.
Nicholas de Turton and Eva his wife
complained in 1278 that Thomas son of
Henry and Amiria his wife had obstructed a
roadway in Turton; Assize R. 1238, m. 31.
Alexander de Turton was a defendant in
1306 ; De Banco R. 159, m. 7.

Richard son of Robert de Turton in
1278 successfully claimed a tenement in
Heaton against Robert son of Henry de
Turton and Alice his wife ; Assize R.
1238, m. 31 d.

Ellen widow of Henry de Lathom [of
Tarbock] in 1303 purchased a messuage,
20 acres of land, &c., in Turton from
Richard son of Henry de Turton ; Final
Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 201.

Margery widow of Thomas de Turton
in 1371 defended her title to a messuage
and lands in Turton against Adam le Ward
of Sharpies ; De Banco R. 444 ; m. 1 73d.

18 Sir Richard de Torbock in 1387 held
Turton, with its appurtenances, of the lord
of Lathom, by services which were not
known ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 3 5.

In a grant by the feoffees of Sir Henry
de Torbock in 1410, the following lands
in the manor of Turton are named : an
oxgang in the Ridding, Windbarrow ox-
gang, Verclough oxgang, an oxgang held
by Thomas del Wood, and Morewall ox-
gang ; Torhawe, Hinch Place, Timber
Bottom, Birchinshaw Hey, Longhurst ;
Towneley MS. C. 8, 20 (Chet. Lib.) no. 8.

14 In 1513, however, Sir Edmund Traf-
ford was stated to hold three messuages
and land in Turton of Sir William Tor-
bock by an unknown service ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 51. An earlier
trace of this estate occurs in 1376, when
Henry de Torbock and Ralph son of Wil-
liam de Radcliffe disputed concerning the
custody of lands in Turton, Henry son of
Sir Henry de Traffbrd being under age ;
De Banco R. 462, m. 89.

15 Particulars of the descent and the
lawsuits are given in the account of Tar-
bock. See also Piccope MSS. iii, fol. 444.

Claims were made by the Torbock
family for Turton and Walton Lees also ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 48, m. 6 ; R. 60,
m. 7. These show that Ralph the son of
William Orrell and Elizabeth Torbock his
wife was living in 1478.

M Land in Turton was in 1442 held of

William Orrell the younger by Anian de
Entwisle ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 1478.
William Orrell in 1473 held Turton
by the eighth part of a knight's fee, ren-
dering puture, a rent of i8</., and i<S</.
castle ward ; Mamecestre, iii, 479. A
little later Ralph Orrell was tenant ; ibid.

5I5-

A number of Orrell deeds are copied in
Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), vi, fol. 171
and foil. They begin with a charge of
forgery against the Torbocks. In 1477
Hugh Mort of Wigan granted Watsha in
Turton to Ralph Orrell (173). In 1491
and 1497 are bonds to Ralph Orrell and
William his son and heir apparent, re-
garding the marriage of Joan daughter of
Ralph with Richard Gillibrand (174-5).

The following are from the late Mr. T.
Helsby-Acton's notes of Turton deeds :
1483 — grant from Ralph Orrell to Thurs-
tan his son (confirmed by William the
son and heir of Ralph in 1515), and power
of attorney by Thurstan to his uncle
Robert Orrell ; 1486 — William son and
heir apparent of Ralph Orrell to marry
Katharine daughter of Gilbert Urmston ;
James Orrell, uncle of Ralph, is men-
tioned, also Isabel widow of William
father of Ralph ; 1 506 — grant by William
son and heir of Ralph Orrell to Margery
widow of Ralph ; 1509 — grant of all his
lands by the same to Ralph his son and
heir apparent and other trustees, for the
performance of his will ; 1533 — John son
and heir apparent of John Bradshaw had
married Mary daughter of Ralph Orrell,
deceased ; 1537 — award between John
Orrell and Agnes his father's widow ;
1575 — settlement for William son and
heir apparent of John Orrell, who had
married Ellen sister of William Clifton of
Balam and widow of William Singleton
of Bank Hall, with remainders to Francis
and Richard, other sons of John Orrell ;
1583 — William Orrell to Ralph Green of
Turton ; 1587 — agreement between Wil-
liam Orrell and Richard his brother ;
Elizabeth their father's widow is men-
tioned.

In 1509 a marriage was arranged be-
tween Ralph son and heir of Ralph Asshe-
ton of Great Lever, and Margaret daugh-
ter of William Orrell ; Raines MSS. vi,
199.

*7 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no. i ;
in this is recited a grant in 1506 by Ralph
Orrell, grandfather of the Ralph of 1533,
to his sons Peter, Robert, and George, of
whom Robert was living in 1533. There
is also recited a feoffment by William
Orrell, son and heir of Ralph the elder,
made in 1513, mentioning Valentine and
Alexander his sons. Ralph the younger,
deceased, was the son and heir of William
Orrell.

A pedigree was recorded in 1533 (Visit.

274

Chet. Soc. 201), showing that John was
the eldest son of Ralph Orrell by his first
wife Anne, the daughter of William
Lathom.

In 1529 Ralph Orrell had purchased the
messuage called * Nichall deyne ' from
James son and heir of Edward Hunt of
Turton ; Raines, op. cit. 176. Nicho-
dine Mills were in 1866 demolished to
prepare for the Wayoh Reservoir.

There was a dispute in 1541 between
John Orrell and Lord La Warre as to the
services due to the lord of Manchester ;
Ducafu; Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 74.

18 Earwaker, Mancb. Ct. Lett Ree. i,
223 ; William Orrell, the son and heir,
was of full age, but the jury of the court
had much difficulty in inducing him to
appear and do his suit and service ; he
held out till 1585 ; ibid, i, 247.

By his will, made in May and proved
in July 1581, John Orrell desired to be
buried ' in the Chapel of Jesus, betwixt
his father and the church wall, within the
parish church of Bolton,' and gave the
curate of Bolton IQS. 'to pray for his
ancestors' souls, his soul, and all Christian
souls' ; ibid, i, 223, n. The family con-
tinued to adhere to the Roman religion ;
see Raines and Sutton, Humph. Chetham
(Chet. Soc.), i, 32.

The will and inventory of Elizabeth
widow of John Orrell, dated 1607, are
printed in Piccope, Wills (Chet. Soc.), ii,
142.

The chapel above referred to continued
to descend with Turton until about a
century ago, when it was sold by James
Greene to Robert Knowles, colliery pro-
prietor ; J. C. Scholes, Turton Tower, 30.
This Robert Knowles was great-great-
grandfather of Sir Lees Knowles.

19 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 43,
m. 19. In two other fines of the same
time William is called ' son and heir
apparent of John Orrell' ; ibid. m. 62,76.

30 Raines MSS. vi, fol. 184 ; see below.

81 William Orrell died at Southwark,
29 May 1612, holding the manor of Tur-
ton and lands there of Sir Nicholas
Mosley as of his manor of Manchester in
socage, by a rent of i8</. ; John his son
and heir was twenty-four years of age ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 223.

John Orrell, however, seems to have
been in possession of the family manors
and lands in 1607, when he made a
settlement of them ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 72, no. 7. This may have
been an arrangement due to his coming
of age. He and William Orrell made
another settlement in 1618, and John
alone in 1625 ; ibid. bdle. 90, no. 33 ;
107, no. 41.

A pedigree of three generations was
recorded in 1613 ; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 50.

TURTON ToWKR, C. I 844
(From a Drawing by T. T. Dodd)

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

ther and heir William Orrell," who in 1628 sold the
manor to Humphrey Chetham, the founder of Chet-
ham's Hospital and Library.*3

On Humphrey's death in 1653 he was succeeded
at Turton by his nephew George, son of James
Chetham.*4 George Chetham
was alderman and sheriff of
London in 1656," and high
sheriff of Lancashire in 1659-
60 ; K he died at Turton in
1664, and was succeeded by
his son James, who held the
manor till his death in 1697.
His eldest son Samuel fol-
lowed, and then in 1745 the
third son Humphrey, who died
unmarried in 1749.*' Turton
then by his will went to a
cousin, Edward Chetham of
Nuthurst, after whose death in

1769 a partition of the estates was made. Alice,
his elder sister, who had married Adam Bland, re-
ceived Turton.*8 She left an only daughter Mary,
wife of Mordecai Greene, a Spanish merchant,19 and
their son James was in 1782 placed in possession of
the manor of Turton, with Turton Tower, the water
corn-mill, and other properties.30

James Greene died in 1814, leaving five daughters
as co-heirs,31 and the estates were divided among them
in 1833, Turton Tower and the reputed manor being
assigned to the eldest, Mary Anne wife of Edward
Frere of Clydach ; they sold it in 1835 to James
Kay.31 The new lord was born at Edgefold in En-
twisle, and was a successful cotton spinner at Preston

CHETHAM. Argent a
griffon tegreant gulet
ivithin a bordure table
bexanty.

and Pendleton. He resided at the Tower till his
death in 1857. Robert, the eldest surviving son, was
incapable of managing the estate, and his younger
brother James was the acting owner. He died in
1876, and his son James suc-
ceeded, becoming lord of Tur-
ton on his uncle Robert's death
in 1878. The trustees of
James Kay, under his will of
1882, sold to Mrs. Appleton,
from whose representatives the
Tower and the lordship of the
manor were in 1903 acquired
by Sir Lees Knowles, bart., who
resides at Westwood in Pendle-
bury,33 and belongs to a family
connected with the Turton dis-
trict for several centuries.333

TURTON TOWER stands
on high ground in a situa-
tion described by Camden as 'amongst precipices
and wastes,' about 4 miles north of Bolton. It is an
exceedingly interesting building, the oldest part of
which consists of a stone tower built square with the
compass, measuring externally 45 ft. in length from
north to south, and 28 ft. in width, with walls 4ft.
thick. There is no architectural feature remaining
to determine the precise date of the original walls,
which are of a somewhat rough order with large
quoin stones ; whether any part of the building is
earlier than the first part of the ijth century is very
doubtful. The tower was altered and raised in the
1 6th century, when additions in stone and timber
were made on its eastern and northern sides, and a

KNOWLES, baronet.
Gulet on a che-veron
cotised between two cres-
centt in chief and a cross-
let in base argent three
roset of the field.

M John Orrell was buried at Manches-
ter Church 21 January 1626-7 ; his
brother William was found to be his heir ;
Mancb. Ct. Lett Rec. iii, 128. An abstract
of the will of his widow Alice, 1647, is
given in Wills (Chet. Soc. new ser.), i,

239-

38 The deed of sale is among the few
Turton deeds in the Clowes muniment* ;
see also Raines and Sutton, Humph. Chet-
ham, i, 31 ; James C. Scholes, Turton
Tower, 16 ; and Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 114, m. 34. The sale included the
manor or lordship, the Tower, messuages,
dove-houses, water-courses and mills, court
leet, mines, lands, &c.

94 The story from this point is mainly
taken from James C. Scholes, Turton
Tower (Bolton, 1880), and Supplement
(1881), in which a large number of docu-
ments are printed. For Humphrey Chet-
ham see Raines and Sutton, Life, quoted
above ; he was described as ' of Turton '
in 1632, when he paid £25 on refusing
knighthood ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 223.

The settlement of Turton on George
Chetham is recited in the Life, ii, 238,
239 ; and an inventory of the goods at the
Tower at pp. 274-6.

a* For George Chetham, citizen and
grocer of London, see E. Axon's Chetham
Genealogies (Chet. Soc.), 49-52. He lived
at Turton from 1648 to 1653 as tenant
of his uncle Humphrey. His eldest son
Humphrey died there in 1659 ; an abstract
of the funeral sermon, Vvxilffrifita, is given
by J. C. Scholes, 19-24 ; he was a pious
youth of the Puritan type.

A pedigree was recorded in 1664 ;
Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 77.

86 P.R.O. List, 73.
*7 Axon, op. cit. 52-6.
98 Ibid. 62-3 ; Adam Bland died
in 1723, but his widow lived on till

1774.

In 1 769 there was a fine respecting the
manor of Turton, &c., Joseph and William
Clowes being plaintiffs, and Samuel
Clowes and Mary his wife deforciants ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 381, m. 205.
In 1772 there was a further settlement,
Alice Bland and Samuel and Mary Clowes
being deforciants ; ibid. bdle. 387, m.
90.

29 A settlement of the manor of Turton,
&c., was made by Mordecai Greene and
Mary his wife in 1775 ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 393, m. 283. Mordecai
Greene died in 1787, and his wife in 1796;
Scholes, Turton Tower, 29. The Greenes
and their descendants have not resided at
Turton.

80 Ibid. 30, where the deed is printed.

81 Ibid. 32. The daughters were (i)
Mary Anne wife of Edward Frere — one
of their sons being Sir Bartle Frere ; see
Burke, Landed Gentry, Frere of Roydon
Hall ; (2) Arabella Penelope Eliza wife
of Peter Richard Hoare son of Sir Richard
Hoare, bart. ; (3) Charlotte Alice wife of
Richard Wilkins and then of Edward
William Seymour ; (4) Angelina Frances
wife of George Matthew Hoare of Mor-
den, Surrey ; (5) Anna Sophia, living
1835, unmarried. The descendants of the
second and fourth daughters are still
among the chief landowners in the town-
ship.

In the Common Pleas Rolls are the
following recoveries and deeds enrolled
relative to the manor of Turton : East.

275

55 Geo. Ill, m. 2 — Edward Frere, Peter
Richard Hoare, George Matthew Hoare,
their wives and others, four-fifths of the
manor of Turton and of lands in Bolton,
Turton, Clayton, Droylsden, Failsworth,
Newton, Spotland, and Rochdale ; Mich.
59 Geo. Ill, m. 2 — Anna Sophia Greene,
John Fitchett, and John Richards, the
fifth part of the manor of Turton and
lands in Bolton, &c.; Hil. 3 & 4 Geo. IV,
m. 148 — Edward Frere and others and
Charles Barrett and George Frere, the
manor of Turton, mills, farms, free school,
chapel, mines, &c. ; Hil. 3 Will. IV, m.
62 — Edward Frere, Peter Richard Hoare,
George Matthew Hoare, Anna Sophia
Greene and others, the manor of Turton,
and lands in Turton, &c., this being the
record of partition.

82 The details concerning this family
are taken from Mr. Scholes's works already
cited ; there is a pedigree of the Kay
family in the Supplement, and another in
his Turton Documentary Notes (Bolton,
1882).

88 Information of Sir Lees Knowles.
For the pedigree of this family see Baines,
Lana. (ed. Croston), iii, 222-4 > James
C. Scholes, Genealogy of the Knowles
Family of Edge-worth, &c. (1886).

883 There are memorials of them in
Bolton and Turton churches. The
Hawkshaw estate, the family inheritance,
now belongs to Mr. Robert Knowles, of

Ednaston Lodge, Derby. Plaster-work
i£

with the initials R ,' A from Quarl-
1670

ton Old Hall, referring to Robert and
Ann Knowles, is in the possession of
Sir Lees Knowles, who has given thi»
information.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

range of buildings erected at right angles to it on the
north-east. The plan thus formed, which is still that
of the house, follows the lines of two sides of a court
inclosed by buildings on the north and west. These
later buildings were much altered in the first half of
the igth century, when they assumed their present
appearance. The house therefore belongs to three
main periods : the tower proper to the Middle Ages,
the original north wing and additions to the reign of
Queen Elizabeth, the alteration and refacing of the
latter to the early years of Queen Victoria. The
whole forms a very picturesque group of buildings, the
stonework of the older part offering a strong but
agreeable contrast to the irregular wood and plaster
work set against it.

There is no trace of the building ever having been
of larger extent than at present, and the original
structure no doubt consisted simply of a single peel
tower with wooden buildings adjoining. The masonry
of the tower is in a very good state of preservation,
and at the north-east corner are the remains of a pro-
jecting vice perfect still at the top, but cut away in
recent times in the lower story. In the north-west
corner is still the shaft of a garderobe projecting from
the main structure, and there is a garderobe cut in the
thickness of the wall, probably at a later date. The
original tower would be about 35 ft. high, and con-
sisted of three low stories, evidences of which still
remain in the old blocked window-openings which
can be seen from the outside — two on the ground
floor, one on the upper floor, and five on the original
top floor. These windows were of two lights on the
two lower stories, and of one light above. There are also
the remains of a window almost entirely destroyed on
the north side, near what is now the pantry door,
and further remains of another window above it, now
internal, proving that at this time there were no
buildings adjoining the tower proper on the north
side.

These buildings were added in the i6th century,
but whether they predated the rebuilding which
Camden states took place in 1596 is not certain.
Some of the older parts are stated to have been at
that date of lath and plaster, showing that some
additions must have been made to the stone tower
probably at the beginning of the i6th century, and it
is possible that the whole north wing may have been
erected at that time. What the lath and plaster
portions of the building prior to 1596 were like is
not known, but they probably indicate some kind of
addition to the original structure before the more
extensive additions which more than doubled the area
of the plan. The north or kitchen wing is set at an
irregular angle with the tower, being swung slightly
to the south ; it consisted originally of a two-storied
stone building with heavily timbered pitched roof,
with three detached chimneys in the centre and two
corbelled from the north wall, and so continued till
the alteration in the beginning of the last century.

The room immediately north of the tower proper,
which forms the junction between the original struc-
ture and the later wing, was no doubt built at the
same time, though it may have been of larger extent,
the north wall having been rebuilt in later times.
Whether there were any buildings in the position of
the present entrance and staircase on the east side of
the tower before I 596, or, if so, what was the nature
of them, cannot be stated, though it is probable
that some kind of more convenient entrance would
by this time have been found necessary. The
present entrance and entrance-hall would seem to
belong, however, to the rebuilding of 1596, though
externally altered since. In that year vast changes
were made in the building with a view of bringing its
comfort up to the more luxurious standard of the
times, and the tower proper then assumed practically
its present appearance. The old floors were taken
out, the stories raised so that two occupied nearly the
whole space of the former three, and a new story was
added, raising the height to 45 ft. to the top of the
battlements. The old narrow windows were done
away with or blocked up, and the present large three,
four, and five-light mullioned and transomed windows
with labels took their place, entirely altering the ap-
pearance of the old part of the building. The later
story is of ashlar masonry, and is separated from the
old rubble walling below by a moulded string-course,
and the battlements have a continuous moulding
round merlons and embrasures, with ornamental
finials at the angles.

The building, as it was left by the Orrells in 1628,
was substantially that which remained till the great
changes which took place under James Kay after 1835,
though it is probable that some alterations would be
made by Humphrey Chetham when he purchased the
property at the former date.34 The present oak
staircase, with flat pierced balusters, and square newels
with balls, is most likely his work or that of his suc-
cessor, replacing or modifying one erected not very
long before, but there is no record of the Chethams
having undertaken any building or alteration.

Some restoration, however, appears to have been
done in the interior in the i8th century, but not such
as materially affected the structure, and the arrange-
ment of the top floor of the tower may belong
to this period, together with the roof, which does not
appear to be the original 16th-century one, the stone
corbels which carried the beams being now in most
instances unoccupied. From about 1809 to 1835
the building was occupied as a farm-house, as well as
being used as a corn-mill for a considerable time,35
and during this period it suffered a good deal (the
lower part of the stone staircase no doubt being
then cut away). It was in this condition when
James Kay purchased the property and determined to
restore it.

Illustrations of Turton Tower in the early years of
the I gth century,36 before the alterations took place,

84 An inventory taken in November
1642 enumerates the principal rooms :
' the further highmost chamber, the nearer
highmost chamber, the green chamber,
seven smaller bedrooms including an
" oven chamber," the dining-room, the
hall, the closet, the buttery, the deyhouse,
the pantry and a room over it, the kitchen,
the larder, the brewhouse, the workhouse,
the garner-house, the cart-house, the kiln,

the stable chamber ' ; see Land, and Ches.
Antiq. Sac. iii, 198. In another inventory
taken the last day of October 1653, the
following places are mentioned : ' the hall,
the buttery, the dineinge chamber, the
greene chamber, the chamber over the
porch, the parlour, the lower kitchine, the
brewhouse, the brewhouse chamber, the
kitchine, the chamber over the deyry-
house, the servants' chamber over the

276

kitchine, the deyry-house, the millne ' ;
Life of Humphrey Chetham (Chet. Soc. new
ser.), 274.

85 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit.

86 W. G. Philips's View, c. 1822-4;
James's Views, 1825 ; Fisher's Views.
These views all show the north wing
built in stone and of two stories with
detached chimney - shafts as described
above.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

show three half-timbered gables on
the east side of the tower, the mid-
dle one over the entrance and
those on the south side of it being
pretty much as now, but the stair-
case gable is very much narrower
and of three stories, and there is
an open space between it and the
north wing, the low roof of the
morning-room thus showing from
the forecourt. Between 1835 and
1 844 the staircase took its present
form, being widened northward
and recased in deal, and elabo-
rate carving was introduced into
the barge-boards rather out of
keeping with the original more
solid and monumental work. The
whole of the north wing was at the
same time reconstructed, and the
west portion of it over the kit-
chen and offices raised a third
story, assuming its present aspect,
with a half-timbered gable at right
angles to the staircase gable, into
which it cuts rather awkwardly
in the north-west corner of the
forecourt.37 The east end of the
wing containing the servants' hall
was refronted in stone, and two
large carved Jacobean gables intro-
duced on the south and east sides,
with three large mullioned and
transomed windows in the prin-
cipal front. In all this modern
work little regard was paid to the
preservation of the original appear-
ance of the building, the old chim-
neys of the north wing were lost,
and the aspect of the house to the
forecourt entirely changed. With
the exception of a small portion
of timber in the gable over the
entrance, all the black and white
work is therefore modern. All
the barge-boards, which are elabo-
rately carved and have finials and
pendants, are new, and the work,
if picturesque when seen at some
little distance, is rather poor in
quality, and presents few of
the characteristics of the original
structure. In this restoration also
the sills of the two large mul-
lioned windows of the dining and
drawing rooms on the ground and
first floor of the tower were lowered,
and the ancient proportions of the
windows destroyed. In more re-
cent years a
low one-story
building, now
a laundry, has
been erected on
the west side
of the tower. — ^

Most of this later timber -work is in

deal.

ME.DIA.VAL-

(Of DOUBTFUL DATE.)

I5T~ CENTURY
I6T5 CELNTURV (EARLY)
16™ CELNTURV
53 MODELRN

>p s o

so

«0

TEE.T

TURTON TOWER : PLANS OF THREE FLOORS

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The plan, as will be gathered from the foregoing
description, follows no precedent ; the original peel
tower, having been retained and altered to suit later
requirements, now contains the principal rooms of the
house, the dining-room occupying the ground floor,
and the drawing-room the floor above. The floor of
the dining-room is about 2 ft. below the present level
of the ground outside, and the room is entered from
a lobby on the south side of the hall by a descent of
three steps. It is 25 ft. long by 1 9 ft. in width, and
1 1 ft. 6 in. in height, and is lighted by a large five-
light window at the south end containing some good
Swiss 1 6 th-century painted glass in its upper lights. The
walls are panelled their full height with 1 8 th-century
panelling brought here from Middleton Hall, near
Manchester, on its demolition in 1845. The mantel-
piece and ceiling are modern. Behind the panelling at
the south end of the room are two small original two-
light windows facing east and west, probably blocked
up when the panelling was inserted, but retaining
their glass and showing from the outside.38 There is
a blocked-up opening on the west wall. The dining-
room does not extend the whole length of the tower,
a flagged passage 8 ft. wide being taken across the
north end at the level of the entrance hall, and
separated from the room by a thin modern wall.
From this passage steps go down to the cellar, and two
doors on the north side open respectively into what
was originally the bottom of the garderobe at the
north-west corner, and through the thickness of the
wall into a small room now called a pantry in the
space between the outside of the tower north wall
and the later morning-room, occasioned by the pro-
jection of the vice. The drawing-room occupies the
whole of the first floor, being 36ft. in length, and in
addition to a five-light window on the south side has
three windows of two, three, and four lights respec-
tively on the west side, all of 16th-century date.
The walls are panelled in oak to within 4 ft. of the
ceiling, which is an elaborate restored Elizabethan
one of plaster with panels and pendants. The oak
wainscot is old, but adapted to the room, and some
respect has been had for the old 15th-century win-
dow on the east side, which with its ancient shutters
can be examined by withdrawing one of the panels.
The fireplace and small vestibule in the north-east
corner are modern. The second floor of the tower is
divided into two rooms, one of which is used as a
billiard-room, and a passage ; but the original arrange-
ment is not clear, the division walls being modern,
and a fireplace in the present passage showing that
alterations have taken place. The upper part of the
single-light window of the original third story can
still be seen at the floor level behind modern shutters.
Access is now gained to the roof by means of a ladder
and trap-door in the upper part of the garderobe turret.
The roof is hipped from the angles, and covered, like
all the roofs to the house, with stone slates. The top
part of the vice is covered by a trap-door in the floor
of the upper story, ten steps being quite perfect.
The upper walls, which probably formed a turret, were
destroyed in the raising of the tower and not rebuilt,
the later battlements stopping short on each side, and
the roof of the tower being continued over.

On the ground floor a passage runs north from the

entrance-hall to the morning-room and kitchen wing.
On the right is the staircase loft, square, built within
walls with an open well, and a door opposite opening
into the bottom of the vice. Beyond the stairs is a
modern pantry filling up the irregular space between.
the old narrow staircase gable and the north wing.
The morning-room is panelled all round with wains-
cot, for the most part old, but made up with grained
and varnished deal, and adapted to the walls. The
mantelpiece is entirely so made up, and the shields
have no antiquity. The room is lit on the north side
by a new three-light window, and there is a small
original window on the west side to the north of the
fireplace. On the other side, in the thickness of the
chimney, is a deep recess. Great changes seem to
have taken place in this room, the north wall appa-
rently being later than the rest, and perhaps not in
its original position, while on the floor above it is
entirely modern. The room over, known as the
Tapestry Room, or sometimes Humphrey Chetham's
room, is of the same dimensions, the walls being
covered with original tapestry. This portion of the
house being only of two stories, with the higher three-
story buildings on two sides of it, is very much dwarfed
in elevation, and this has necessitated the carrying
up of the chimney-shaft to a great height (30 ft.)
above the eaves of the gabled roof. The north wing
contains the kitchen in the centre, with scullery and
larder opening from it to the west, and the servants'
hall at the east end, approached by a corridor along
the south side, and from the outside by a one-story
stone porch, apparently of 16th-century date, at the
end. Old drawings, however, show the porch to have
been two-storied at the beginning of the ipth century,
and it is probable that in the rebuilding of 1835-44
it was pulled down and the present one erected from
the old materials. The lower portion of the north
elevation of the kitchen wing is little altered, preserv-
ing its original low mullioned windows, though the
grotesque label terminations are modern. The new
upper story, however, is of half-timber work like that
in the front, and the gables facing west are slate
hung. On the first floor of this wing great changes
have taken place, the relative level of the rooms and
passages has been falsified, and blind windows intro-
duced, glazed on the outside. The house still contains
some of the original lyth-century furniture, but the
greater part was sold in 1890, and a bed belonging to
Humphrey Chetham is now in the South Kensington
Museum. A bell which used to hang on the exterior
of the north-west corner of the tower was taken
down in 1879, and is now at Westwood, Pendlebury.
It bears the arms of Orrell with the initials w ° N, R O,
and the date 1587. The initials are clearly those of
members of the Orrell family : William Orrell and
his wife, and perhaps Richard Orrell.

At a short distance from the house to the east, on a
prominence called Dove Hill, is a 17th-century watch
tower or summer house of good design, 1 3 ft. by
1 3 ft. 8 in. square outside, with four stone gables with
ornamental ball finials and central weather-vane, and
to the south-east is a fine 17th-century barn with
stone-slated roof.

Birtenshaw at one time gave a name to the fa-
mily which occupied it,39 but Walmsley and Eger-

88 The mullions of these two windows
are square chamfered, those to the later
windows having hollow chamfers.

89 The old spelling is Birkenshaw.
Adam de Birkenshaw in 1277 success-
fully claimed a messuage and half an ox-

278

gang of land against Alan de Birkenshaw ;
Assize R. 1235, m. 12 d. In the follow-
ing year Richard son of Alan de Birken-

C

H

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

ton 40 probably received theirs from their former
owners. The Wood family was long resident in the
township ; pedigrees were recorded in 1613 and
1 665." Another family, named Green, also appear
among the freeholders in the 1 6th century." Several
of the landowners of the district had small estates in
Turton.4* Birchwood gave a name to its ancient
owners.44 The names of John Horrocks " and John
Yate46 occur in the inquisitions.47

The freeholders in 1600 were William Orrell,
Ralph Green, Richard Wood, and — Walmsley.48

The returns of 1 788 show that the lands of Mordecai
Greene paid more than half the tax ; the other estates
were small, those of John Orrell and the Rev. Thomas
Rothwell being the most considerable.49

The court leet records begin in 1737 ; the last
court is said to have been held in I85O.40

There are two ancient chapels in the
CHURCH township, one at Turton itself, close to
the eastern boundary, and the other at
Walmsley, on the western border, to the north of
the modern hamlet of Egerton. The free chapel of
Turton was in 1523-4 in the gift of Ralph Orrell,
and James Anderton was then incumbent.41 The
ornaments remaining in 1552 were claimed by John
Orrell as heirlooms.42 Arthur Pilkington was the
priest in charge in 1542, 1548, and 1554; he was
also there in 1563 and 1565, but was then * decrepit '
or ' sick,' 43 so that it is uncertain to what extent the
chapel remained in use for a time ; about 1 6 1 o, how-
ever, it was ' well supplied with the ministry.' S1
Humphrey Chetham, on acquiring the manor, rebuilt
the chapel in 1630, and bequeathed money for a
small library ; the books, chained to the shelves, are

•ghaw claimed a similar tenement against
Alan and his son Henry, and received
seisin ; Assize R. 1238, m. 34 d.

Sireda wife of Richard de Edgeworth
failed in her claim for dower in a mes-
suage and half oxgang in Turton, made in
1292 against John de Birkenshaw ; Assize
R. 408, m. 3. At the same time Henry
son of Richard de Birkenshaw claimed
common of pasture against Henry de
Torbock and Ellen his wife ; ibid. m. 62.

40 The will of Ralph Egerton of Turton,
1702, mentions his grandsons Charles and
Ralph Mainwaring 5 his son-in-law John
Cross (of Over Darwen) was to have £15
a year during his imprisonment at Lan-
caster, and several children of John Cross
are named ; his granddaughter Elizabeth
Bradshaw was 'well provided for.' A
tuition bond for John Cross's children is
dated 1706. See Abram, Blackburn, 504.

41 To the pedigree of 1613 (Visit. Chet.
Soc. 49) are brief notes of some family
charters. By one of these Henry de
Huton granted to William son of Alex-
ander de Subosco, with Agnes his daughter,
land in the Wood, as in the charter of
Godfrey de Bullinges. In 1345 Alexander
del Wood was refeoffed of land in Turton,
•with remainder to his son Henry and his
issue by Margery his wife, daughter of
Henry de Bradshaw. Roger son and heir
of Alexander del Wood granted lands in
Turton to Margery de Coldcotes.

Alexander del Wood was a defendant
to a Turton pasture claim in 1285 ;
Assize R. 1271, m. 12. He gave land in
Sharpies to Henry his son ; far. Coll.
(Hist. MSS. Com.), ii, 13.

A pleading of 1560 gives the names of
the following persons as having rights of
common on Turton Moor : Christopher
Horrocks, Thomas Asshaw, Roger Brown-
low, Anthony Green, John Isherwood,
Richard Wood, and Peter Worthington ;
Ducatut Lane. (Rec. Com.), ii, 244, 246,
printed in Scholes' Supplement, 18, 19.

John Wood died in 1619 holding two
messuages and 60 acres of John Orrell,
by 31. rent. Richard, his son and heir,
was over forty years of age ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 159.

See also Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.),

335-

These Woods were probably ancestors
of Anthony A Wood, the Oxford historian,
for his family had been friends of the
Worthingtons of Blainscough, who had
land in Turton.

Catherine Chetham was described as
« of the Wood' in Oct. 1671 ; Clowes D.
She was the widow of George Chetham.

48 In 1 505 a settlement was made of
the estate of Ralph Green and Margaret
his wife in Turton and Pleasington ; the
remainders were to their children James
and Lettice, and to the right heirs of Mar-
garet ; Final Cone, iii, 157. Anthony
Green had closes called Marled Earth and
Over Meadow in 1532; Duchy Plead.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 8, 9. In
1563 Anthony Green held lands in Turton
of John Orrell, by 6J. rent and doing suit
at the court of the manor ; Scholes' Sup-
plement, 20 (Ducatus, ii, 293). In 1569
he made a settlement of his lands in Tur-
ton, Westleigh, and Golborne ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 31, m. 91. His
dispute with John Orrell was continued
in 1572 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 232, m.
14.

Ralph Green died in 1610, holding a
messuage and lands in Turton of William
Orrell by 6d. rent ; also lands in West-
leigh and Golborne. Anthony, his son
and heir, was over forty years of age ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 193.

Among other names may be mentioned
that of Howell, which occurs in 1332 ;
Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 40. James Howell was pardoned
an outlawry at the suit of Christopher
Worthington in 1444 ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.

*1» APP- 538.

William del More of Kirkdale held
land in Turton in 1409 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 93.

A settlement by John Tailor and
Cecily his wife was made in 1415, with
remainder to a bastard branch of the
Bradshaghs of Haigh ; Final Cone, iii, 73.
There was a dispute in 1688 between
Richard Taylor and John Parkinson re-
specting lands in Turton ; Excb, Dep.
(Rec. Soc.), 73.

43 The Byrons of Clayton had land
there in 1441 ; Final Cone, iii, 106. The
Bartons of Smit hills also ; ibid, iii, 158.
Lands in Turton continued to be
reckoned among their possessions, but the
tenure is not stated distinctly ; e.g. Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 211. The Entwisles had land held of
the Orrells in socage by a rent of i8</. ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no. 30.
The Worthingtons of Blainscough also
held lands of the Orrells in socage ; ibid,
vi, no. 52, &c. ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 173. Leonard
Asshaw had lands in Turton held of
William Orrell by 4^. rent ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. ii.

Sir James Harrington of Westleigh died

279

in 1497 *eised of land in Turton held
by services unknown ; ibid, iii, no. 40.
It became the property of the Treshams
— John Tresham having married Isabel,
one of the co-heirs — and a sale or feoff-
ment of it was made in 1571 by Thomas
Tresham and Meriella his wife ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 33, m. 105. Alex-
ander Rigby (1621) and Christopher
Norris (1639) in the next century each
had a small estate in Turton ; the former
held of John Orrell by a rent of \d. —
probably the old Asshaw estate ; and the
latter, of Humphrey Chetham by a rent of
6</. ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, no.
31 ; xxx, no. 36.

44 Roger de Birchwood gave all his land
in Turton to Robert son of Thomas de
Longworth in 1297 ; Towneley MS.
DD, no. 699. Roger's brother Henry is
named.

The bounds of Birchwood began at
Redclough Head. In 1381 Henry son of
Henry de Birchwood made a feoffment of
his estate ; ibid. no. 720. These deeds
were among the evidences of Livesey of
Livesey.

45 John Horrocks died 13 May 1592,
holding two messuages, &c., of William
Orrell in socage by a rent of zs. ^d. ;
Christopher, his son and heir, was thirty-
one years of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xvi, no. 32.

46 John Yate died at Yatebank 14 May
1632, holding of Edward Mosley j acre
called the Hollins, lately improved from
the waste, by the three-hundredth part of
a knight's fee. Anne Yate, his daughter
and heir, was four months old, and Isabel
his widow afterwards married — Osbal-
deston ; ibid, xxvii, no. 15. Sir Edward
Osbaldeston in 1637 held an acre in
Turton ; ibid, xxvii, no. 1 5.

47 Accounts of Whittle Tenement and
the Batteridge will be found in Scholes,
Turton Documents, 88, 105.

48 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 246, 249-51.

49 Land tax returns at Preston.

50 Scholes, Turron Tower, 25, 40. Two
volumes of the records are in the possession
of Sir Lees Knowles, who has recently
published them.

51 Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 25, quot-
ing Duchy of Lane. Dep. Hen. VIII, x,
R7.

62 Ibid. 24.

68 Visitation Lists at Chester. There
was a dispute as to the road to the chapel
about 1600 ; Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 288.

M Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 1 1.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

still there.*5 There was no endowment in 1650
beyond the interest on 2Os.&e Bishop Gastrell found
an endowment of £4. 141. in existence, and a grant
from Queen Anne's Bounty was secured in 1717.
Mr. Chetham and his tenants gave about £30 a year.
There was a chapel warden. The townships of Turton,
Longworth, Edgeworth, Entwisle, and Quarlton were
included in the chapelry.57 Humphrey Chetham in
1746 left £1,000 for the chapel and school.58 In
consideration of their various benefactions the Chet-
ham family obtained the patronage, and it has
descended to Mr. Henry Seymour Hoare, as heir of
Angelina Frances, one of the daughters and co-heirs
of James Greene.59 The net annual value of the
benefice is £260. The church was rebuilt in 1779,
and again in 1 84 1.60 The ecclesiastical parish was
formed in 1837.

The following have been curates or vicars : — 61

oc. 1596 Gilbert Astley 61

1628 Richard Denton, B.A.

oc. 1647 James Rigby64

1648 Michael Briscoe65

1650 James Livesey66

1652 [Timothy] Smith 67

00.1671 Richard Atherton M

oc. 1677 William Richardson69

— James Chetham

1705 John Boardman (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.) 70

oc. 1716 Henry Lawson, B.A.71 (St. John's Coll.
Camb.)

1732 Samuel Stead, B.A. (Brasenose Coll. Oxf.)

1734 Robert Hargreaves, B.A.

1742 William Sunderland 72

1761 Amos Ogden,73 LL.B. (Catherine Hall,

Camb.)

1815 James Spencer 74
1859 James Ogden King Spencer75
1879 John William Spencer,76 M.A. (St. John's

Coll. Camb.)

1900 James Odell Coleman "
1904 James Platt, M.A. (Dur.)

Walmsley Chapel existed in 1 5 3 2 ; 78 it had a bell
and a few 'ornaments' in 1 5 52." Its fate for a
century after the Reformation is unknown,80 but in
the time of the Commonwealth it was in use, being
apparently worked with Turton, but having some
separate endowments.81 In 1717 there were no ser-
vices held beyond prayers and two sermons on one
Sunday each month.83 The church was rebuilt nearly
a mile to the south of the old site in 1839; it is
called Christ Church. The ecclesiastical parish was
formed in i844.83 The vicar of Bolton presents the
incumbent. The benefice is worth £350 a year.

The following have been curates or vicars : —

1738 Thomas Whitehead, M.A.84

1 748 John Chisnall, M.A.85 (St. John's Coll. Camb.)

1756 James Folds 86

1820 Lowther Grisdale87

1848 John Richardson

1 860 Ralph Calvert Williams Croft,88 B.A. (T.C.D.)

1877 John Stott

1894 Walter Chetwynd Atkinson, M.A. (Keble
Coll. Oxf.)

55 Raines and Sutton, Humphrey Chet-
ham (Chet. Soc.), i, 34, 202 ; Old Lanes.
Libraries (Chet. Soc.), 57.

56 Commoniv. Ch, Surv. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 32. The commis-
sioners recommended that it should be
made a parish church. The chapels of
Turton and Walmsley seem to have been
•worked as one at that time.

In 1665 it was reported that the chapel
was in good repair, and had a Book of
Common Prayer and a fair surplice.
There was no settled minister, and no
residence for one. There was no power
to bury, marry, or christen at the chapel.
None sent their children to be catechized
or confirmed. There was a ' new school '
and a master. Walmsley Chapel is not
named in this report, which is among the
Chester Consistory Court Records.

In a letter to Samuel Chetham in 1711
it is stated that the altar rails, &c., had
been removed in the time of the Civil
Wars, and had never been restored ;
Clowes D.

87 Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), 22-5.

58 Ibid, ii, 24 note.

59 Scholes, Turton Tower, 34.

60 Canon Raines in 1848 calls the
church St. Bartholomew's ; now it is St.
Anne's. The Directory calls the old
chapel St. Matthew's, and so does a prayer
book in the warden's pew.

61 This list is largely taken from Mr.
Earwaker's notes made in Chester Dio-
cesan Registry, and from notes of Mr.
Scholes.

62 He was curate in 1620 and 1622 ;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 54,
66.

64 He exercised his ministry without
the authority of the Classis, but desired
to be ordained ; Shaw. Bury Classis (Chet.

Soc.), 32,40. He removed to Liverpool.
Mr. Ingham was another candidate for
the chapelry ; ibid. 47.

65 A 'godly and painful minister' put
in by the Plundered Ministers' Commit-
tee, and ' outed by some of the chapelry
that did not affect him' ; Commoniv. Ch.
Surv. 32. See Bury Classis.

66 'A painful, godly, orthodox minis-
ter,' who had been elected ' by the unani-
mous consent of the congregation' ; ibid.
Bury Classis, 109. He was afterwards
(1652) at Atherton, and then rector of
Budworth, in Cheshire.

67 Ibid. 132, 255 ; afterwards at Long-
ridge.

68 Visit. List at Chester.

69 He appears in the Visitation Lists
of 1677 and 1691. He was 'conform-
able ' in 1689; Hist. MSS. Com. Ref.
xiv, App. iv, 230.

70 The Church P. at Chester begin
here.

71 Notitia Cestr. ii, 23 note. He was
also there in 1724.

72 Clowes D.

78 Succeeded on the death of William
Sunderland.

74 Presented by G. M. Hoare on the
death of A. Ogden. He was son-in-law
of his predecessor.

75 Presented by the same on the resig-
nation of J. Spencer, who died in 1866.

76 Presented by H. S. Hoare on the
death of J. O. K. Spencer ; he was a
younger brother, and died in 1904.

77 Previously vicar of St. Barnabas',
and now of St. James's, Bolton.

78 Duchy Plead, ii, 9.

79 Ch. Gds. 24.

80 Roger Harrocks is named as ' curate
of Walmersley ' in the Visitation List of
1563, but the entry is erased in 1565.

280

81 Commonwealth Ch. Surv. 32-3 5 the
stock amounted to £60. An allowance
of £40 was made by the Parliamentary
Committee ; Plund. Mini. Accts. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 76. Though
ousted from Turton Mr. Briscoe continued
to minister at Walmsley down to the
Restoration ; ibid, ii, 290 ; Pal. Note Bk.
1,96. He was ejected in 1662, and then
settled in Liverpool ; Bury Classis, ii, 218.

Oliver Heywood preached at Walmsley
Chapel in 1670 ; Heywood's Diaries, i,.
269.

In 1 71 7 the endowment amounted to
^5 131. a year 5 some of the old stock had
been lost. It was then served by the
curate of Turton ; Notitia Cestr. ii, 25-7.

82 Ibid, ii, 26 n.

83 Land. Gaz. 1 7 Dec. 1 844.

84 Church P. at Chester Dioc. Reg.

85 Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 330.
He was also lecturer of Bolton Church,,
and moved to Westhoughton in 1755.
He entered St. John's College, Cam-
bridge in 1744, aged twenty, being de-
scribed as son of John Chisnall of Welch
Whittle ; R. F. Scott, Admissions St*
John's College, iii, 112.

86 Scholes and Pimblett, op. cit. 331-6.
He was lecturer of Bolton ; also vicar of
West Hythe in Kent (a sinecure). The
long period of his incumbency and his
eccentricities made ' Parson Folds ' one of
the most notable personages in the district.
A collection of his Sayings and Doings was-
published by Joseph Dodson Greenhalgh
in 1879 ; a portrait is prefixed. It is re-
ported that the congregation at Walmsley
being usually small, Parson Folds made it
a rule not to preach unless there were
seven persons present.

87 First resident curate.

88 Afterwards of Blackrod.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

There is a mission church at Toppings, opened in
1897, and services are also held in the school at
Eagley Bridge.

Schools at Turton and Walmsley existed in ijiS.89

The Wesleyan Methodists have chapels at Turton,
Egerton, and Toppings or Birtenshaw.90 There are
Congregational chapels also at Turton and Egerton.91

At the latter village the old Nonconformist chapel,
dating from 1713, is in the possession of the Uni-
tarians.9*

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Aldhelm at
Turton was opened in 1903.

EDGEWORTH

Eggewrthe, 1212; Egewurth, 1221; Egeword and
Eggeword, 1292; Eggeworth, 1292, and usually;
Eggeswrth, 1277, 1292.

Edgeworth village lies in the extreme southern
corner of its township between Bradshaw Brook, here
expanded artificially to form a reservoir, and Quarl-
ton Brook. The ground from this point rises con-
tinuously from 690 ft. or less till over 1,250 ft. is
reached on the border of Musbury, the watershed
being the boundary between the parishes of Bolton
and Bury. In the northern part of the township is
Broadhead, and here the surface again rises from
Bradshaw Brook until a height of l,looft. is attained

at the boundary. The area is 2,924^ acres. The
population of Edgeworth, Entwisle, and Quarlton
was 2,518 in 1901.

The principal road is that from Bury to Blackburn,
passing north-west through the western part of the
township.

The land is chiefly in pasture. There is a cotton
mill, and a stone quarry is worked.

The Children's Home, established in 1872, is
situated high up on the hill-side, more than a mile ta
the north of Edgeworth village.

In 1898 the township or civil parish of Edge-
worth was extended to include Entwisle and Quarl-
ton also, and at the same time, for local government
purposes, Edgeworth was added to the Turton L rban
District.1

There were thirty-eight hearths liable to be taxed
in 1666, but no house had as many as six hearths.1*

The manor of EDGEWORTH was
M4NOR in 1212 held of the king in thegnage
by William de Radcliffe of Radcliffe ; it
then included Entwisle and Quarlton, and was
assessed as one plough-land, the annual service being
a rent of ios.3 Within a century it had been granted
to the Traffords of Trafford,3 and was held by them
as the twelfth part of a knight's fee. In 1589
it was sold to Nicholas Mosley,4 who in 1598 sold
it to Richard Orrell and Alexander Bradshaw ; *

89 Gastrell, Notitia, i, 25, 27.

90 Birtenshaw Chapel was opened in
»87S.

91 The first Congregational chapel at
Egerton (or Walmsley) was opened in
1812 ; there had been meetings in rooms
for some time before, and to some extent
the congregation represented the Noncon-
formists of 1662. The present church
•was built in 1873-4 ; Nightingale, Lanes.
Nonconformity, iii, 64-9.

93 After the ejection of Mr. Briscoe the
congregation at Walmsley seems to have
had no regular nonconforming minister
for many years. There is a tradition
that at one time they had to endure some
persecution, and met for worship secretly
in Yarnsdale, on the northern boundary of
the township. In 1706 they are said to
have obtained a licence to hold meetings
in Evan Dewhurst's kitchen, now the
Globe Inn, but at the same time there is
evidence that they used Walmsley Chapel.
They built a chapel for themselves close
at hand at Dimple in 1713. The congre-
gation became Unitarian about forty years
later ; ibid, iii, 54-64.

1 By the Bolton, Turton, and West-
houghton Extension Act, 1898.

la Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

2 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes. andChes.), i, 67. In 1221 Eugenia,
the widow of William de Radcliffe, de-
manded dower in a plough-land in Edge-
worth, and shortly afterwards she rendered
4<W. to the king from her land in Salford
Hundred, showing that the service due
from Edgeworth was 10*.; ibid. 129 ;
Curia Regis R. 78, m. 14 d. In 1246
Eugenia de Radcliffe recovered 8 acres in
Edgeworth against Jordan de Quickenlow,
who could not be found ; Assize R. 404,
m. 3.

On partition Edgeworth seems to have
been reckoned as half a plough-land, and
Entwisle and Quarlton each 2 oxgangs of
land.

8 The time and manner of the grant
are unknown, but the Radcliffes did not

entirely yield up their interest in the
manor, the Quarlton part being retained
by them.

The sheriff was in 1295 ordered to
inquire whether Henry de Trafford held
8 oxgangs, &c., in Edgeworth of Richard
de Radcliffe by the service of \d. and the
eighth part of a knight's fee, as Richard
asserted, or by the J</. only as Henry
said ; De Banco R. 109, m. 22.

In 1276 and later Henry de Trafford
had disputes with Henry de Lacy, Earl
of Lincoln, arising probably out of the
undefined boundary between Edgeworth
and Tottington ; Assize R. 405, m. 2 ;
R. 1235, m. i id.; R. 1265, m. 4 d.
A ditch having been made was thrown
down by the earl's bailiffs, the moor lying
between the two townships all animals
could enter by the breaches in the ditch ;
Assize R. 1271, m. 12. In 1292 Richard
de Radcliffe was the plaintiff in a claim
against the earl respecting 50 acres of
moor and moss, but withdrew ; Assize R.
408, m. 6 id. In the same year Edge-
worth was included in a Trafford settle-
ment ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 170.

William de Radcliffe was in 1312
summoned to answer Henry de Trafford
respecting the seizure of a cow at Edge-
worth, and in defence said that Henry
formerly held the manor of one Richard
son of Robert de Radcliffe by the service
of \d. a year, and the cow was taken
because this rent was in arrears ; De
Banco R. 195, m. 268.

In 1324 Henry de Trafford held [part
of] a plough-land in Edgeworth by a rent of
•js. 7</., William de Radcliffe holding the
remainder by 2s. 6d. ; Lanes. Inq. and
Extents^ ii, 104-5. The versions differ.

In 1346 it was returned that Henry
de Trafford, Richard de Radcliffe and
John de Entwisle held 2$ plough-lands in
Edgeworth and Quarlton by the fourth
part of a knight's fee, paying 2s. 6d. as
castle ward ; also that Henry de Trafford
paid js. 6d. for the manor of Edgeworth

28l

at the four terms; Add. MS. 32103,
fol. 146.

Henry de Trafford died in 1395 holding
two parts of a third of the manor of
Edgeworth of the Duke of Lancaster by
knight's service ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet.
Soc.), i, 63. His estate is called two
parts of ttvo parts of the manor in the
inquisition after the death of his widow
in 1421, when her third was stated to be
worth Ss. 6d. a year clear ; Towneley
MS. DD, no. 1505. In another inquisi-
tion (1414) in Dods. MSS. cxxxi, it is
called two parts of two parts of half the
vill of Edgeworth, the service being
knight's service, and the rent of zd.

Sir John Trafford, who died in 1489,.
held two parts of the third part of the
manor of Edgeworth by the sixteenth
part of a knight's fee ; the clear value
was iOi.; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii,
no. 85.

Sir Edmund Trafford, who died in 1533,
held a third part of the manor by the
third part of the fourth part of a knight's-
fee ; ibid, vi, no. 20.

In the above the 'third part of the
manor ' probably means Edgeworth proper,
aa distinct from Entwisle and Quarlton.

Edmund Trafford, who died in 1563,
held the manor of Edgeworth of the
queen as of her Duchy of Lancaster by
the third part of the fourth part of a
knight's fee, and a rent of Bs. yearly j
ibid, xi, no. 1 1.

4 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m.
115 ; the Trafford estate in Harwood and
Bolton was included.

5 The purchasers in the same year,
reciting the sale by Nicholas Mosley of
London, complained that Giles Entwisle
and others had wrongfully entered several
tenements in the manor. James Shippo-
bottom alias Nevill replied that about
1566 Edmund Trafford, then in possession
of the manor, had for services done to his-
father consented to the marriage of the
said James with Elizabeth, daughter of
William Holden, ancient tenant of the-

36

shortly afterwards Edgeworth as a manor disappears
from the records.6

Among the landowners named from time to time
in pleadings, &c., are the Edgeworths,7 Bartons of
Smithills,8 Asshawes,9 Entwisles,10 and others.11 The
land was divided into a number of small tene-
ments.1*

At Whowell's Farm, near the northern boundary,
dwelt the executioner of Lord Derby in 1651."

The moor was inclosed in 1797."

Church of England services are held in the school-
room. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel, built
in 1863. The Congregationalists' first chapel was
erected in 1822, and replaced by the present one in
1867."

ENTWISLE

Hennetwisel, 1212; Ennetwysel, 1278; Entwy-
sel, Entwysil, 1292.

The greatest height in this township, about 1,080 ft.,
is reached at Soot Hill, near the centre of the northern
boundary. To the east there is a valley, and then
the ground rises again, reaching a similar height on the
north-east boundary. From these points the ground
slopes southward. The area is 1,668 acres. The popu-
lation in 1901 was numbered with that of Edgeworth,

in which township Entwisle was merged by the
Bolton, Turton, and Westhoughton Extension Act,
1898.

The Bury and Blackburn road crosses the eastern
part of the township, passing through the hamlet called
Wayoh Fold. A minor road goes west through the
hamlets of Entwisle, Edgefold, and Cadshaw. Cran-
berry Moss lies in the north-west corner, and Aushaw
in the north-east. Bradshaw Brook, which forms the
southern boundary, has been transformed into a reser-
voir of the Bolton Water Works. The Lancashire
and Yorkshire Company's Bolton and Blackburn line
passes north through the centre of the township, and
has a station called Entwisle ; there is a long tunnel
at the northern boundary, passing under Whittlestone
Head.

The soil is mostly in pasture. There are calico
print works, and bricks are made. There are also
stone quarries.

There were thirty-six hearths to contribute to the
hearth tax in 1666 ; Francis Norbury's house had the
largest number, seven.1

Two oxgangs in Edgeworth, or a fourth
M4NOR part of the manor, were by the father of
the William de Radcliffe living in 1212
given to Robert de Entwisle in marriage with his
daughter.* This was no doubt the township of EN-
TWISLE, but the ' manor ' of Entwisle appears to have

messuage and lands in dispute, appertain-
ing to which were rights of turbary and
pasture on the waste and moors of Edge-
worth ; the tenement was to go to James
and Elizabeth for life. Peter Horrocks,
another defendant, also claimed under a
grant by Sir Edmund Trafford. The
purchasers replied that the manor had
been conveyed free of all incumbrance ;
Duchy of Lane. Plead. Eliz. clxxxiv, O, 5 ;
clxxxix, O, 4.

A fine relating to the sale of the manor
by Nicholas Mosley and his wife Elizabeth
was made in 1 600 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 64, no. 194.

The purchasers appear to have sold
large portions of it in parcels.

Richard Orrell at his death in 1624
held a messuage and lands in Edgeworth
of the king by the two-hundredth part of
A knight's fee. James Orrell, his son and
heir, was seventeen years of age ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
iii, 419.

6 The ' manor of Edgeworth ' is named
in a recovery in 1786 ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 643, m. 1 1 d.

7 Ellis son of Hugh de Edgeworth
occurs in 1278 ; Assize R. 1265, m. 4d.;
and Richard de Edgeworth about the same
time; Assize R. 1271, m. 12. William
de Edgeworth was in 1292 nonsuited in a
claim against Hugh son of Ellis de Edge-
worth, concerning a tenement there ;
Assize R. 408, m. 58 d. Roger de Edge-
worth contributed to the subsidy of 1332 ;
Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 40.

Another ancient family was that of
Quickenlow, already mentioned. They
were perhaps of Quarlton, in which is
Wickenlow. Edusa daughter of Geoffrey
<le Quickenlow in 1284 claimed 18
acres held by Henry de Trafford ; she
was the wife of Richard Tyder of
Pemberton. It was proved that her
father had enfeoffed one Henry son of
Wenne of the land, so that it did not
descend to Edusa ; Assize R. 1265,

m. 21. In 1347 Robert son of Ellis de
Quarlton, Richard de Greenollers, and
Richard del Quickenlow were accused of
breaking a close at Edgeworth and depas-
turing the grass there ; De Banco R.
351, m. 109 d.

8 See the account of Quarlton, in which
township all or the greater part of their
estate seems to have been situated.

9 Leonard Asshawe of Flixton was in
159; found to have held lands in Edge-
worth of Edmund Trafford in socage ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. n.

10 Ellis Bradshaw in 1544 purchased
three messuages, &c., in Edgeworth from
George Entwisle ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 12, m. 235. In 1573 Richard
Entwisle purchased two messuages and
lands in the same place from Lawrence
Bradshaw and Margaret his wife, and
Ralph Entwisle purchased another; ibid,
bdle. 35, m. 68, 77.

In 1594 a settlement was made of an
estate in seven messuages, various lands,
a mine of stone, &c., by Alexander
Entwisle and Alice his wife, Richard
Entwisle and Margaret his wife, Giles
Entwisle, Thomas Lowe alias Entwisle
(bastard son of Edmund Entwisle) and
Elizabeth his wife, Thomas Entwisle and
Cecily his wife ; ibid. bdle. 56, m. 71.
Alexander Entwisle died 26 December
1602, holding two messuages, &c., in
Edgeworth and two messuages, &c., in
Musbury ; Richard, his elder brother,
had granted a messuage in the Broadhead
to the use of the said Alexander and his
heirs male, with reversion to Richard.
Alexander's heir was a daughter Elizabeth,
only two years old ; Duchy of Lane. Inq.
p.m. xviii, no. 13.

Giles Entwisle died in 1620 holding a
messuage and lands in Edgeworth of the
king by knight's service ; his son and
heir Richard was forty years of age ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 195. Thomas Entwisle had a
small tenement in Edgeworth, held of the
king as the three-hundredth part of a

282

knight's fee, and by his will left it for life
to William and Ralph Entwisle. He
died in 1621 ; his widow Cecily survived
him, and his heir was one Richard En-
twisle, forty-four years of age ; ibid, i,
225.

Ralph Entwisle died in 1615, leaving
a son William as heir ; he held land of
the king by the two-hundredth part of a
knight's fee ; ibid, ii, 42.

11 John Horrocks died 19 May 1637,
holding lands of the king by the two-
hundredth part of a knight's fee ; Law-
rence his son and heir was over twenty-
two years of age ; Towneley MS. C, 8,
13 (Chet. Lib.), fol. 501.

Adam Isherwood, who died 5 Septem-
ber 1634, also held lands of the king}
his son Robert, the heir, was over forty
years old ; ibid. fol. 6990.

Deeds relating to several properties in
Edgeworth — Higher Barn, Horrocks Fold,
and Wheatshaw Croft — are printed in
Jas. C. Scholes' Turton Documents, no.
44-51.

12 The land tax return of 1797 shows
that Thomas Fogg was the principal con-
tributor ; his lands paid about an eighth
of the total.

18 Local Glean. Lanes, and Cbes. i, 1 10;
Lanes, and Cbes. Hist, and Gen. Notes, ii,
119, 134.

14 Lanes, and Cbes. Rec. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 56. The award
is kept at the County Council Offices,
Preston.

18 A cottage for services was taken in
1807 at Crown Point, Edgeworth Moor,
then ' a very benighted and populous
part,' and a church was formed in 1814.
See Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. iii,
69-78 ; a view is given.

1 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

a Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes, ana
Ches.), i, 67. The father's name is not
known, but he may have been Henry de
Radcliffe, witness to the Burscough char-
ter in 1189; Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R.
350.

SALFORD HUNDRED

THE HOSPITALLERS.
Gules a cross argent.

been more properly the portion
held by the local family of the
Hospitallers, who had land
here from an early period.3

The Entwisle family can
thus be traced back to the
latter years of the I2th cen-
tury, but in this case, as in
others, no proper account can
be given of it, owing to the
lack of evidence.4 Anian En-
twisle died in May 1442,
having a fourth part of the fourth part of the manor of
Edgeworth, held by the sixteenth part of a knight's
fee and the service of is. ^d. a year ; its clear value
was 2O/. He also held the manor of Entwisle of
St.John of Jerusalem by the service of 1 2</. a year ; its
value was iocu. ; also lands in Turton and Bolton.
Ellis, his son and heir, was twenty-three years of age.5
Of the same family is supposed to have been the Sir
Bertin Entwisle who fell fighting on the Lancastrian
side at St. Albans, 1455."

Edmund Entwisle died 8 July 1544, holding the
manor of Entwisle of the king in socage by a rent of
\2d. yearly (i.e. the Hospitallers' rent); messuages and
lands in Entwisle and Edgeworth, of the king by the
third part of the fourth part of a knight's fee and
rent of i$d. ; also lands in Turton, Bolton, RadclifFe,

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

and the Manchester district. George his son and heir
was twenty-two years of age.7

George Entwisle in 1546 and 1551 made settle-
ments of his estate in thirty or thirty-six messuages and
various lands, largely moor and pasture, in Entwisle,
Wayoh ('Wao'), Bolton, Chorlton, Rusholme, Ard-
wick, Withington, and Manchester.8 In the second
case the estate, after one week, was to pass to Thurstan
Tyldesley, his younger son, and his heirs.9

ENTWISLE. Argent
on a bend engrailed sable
three mullets ofthefeld.

TYLDESLEY. Argent
three mole-hills proper.

The manor thus passed into the hands of the Tyldes-
leys of Morleys.10 The hall and lands in the township
were sold by Edmund Tyldesley between 1657 and
1670 to a large number of persons,11 and the history
of the manor cannot be traced further.

8 The Hospitallers' lands in ' Edge-
worth' are named in 1292 in the Plac. de
Quo Warr. (Rcc. Com.), 375. The term
would include both Entwisle and Quarlton ;
in Edgeworth proper nothing seems to have
been held by them.

The rental of c. 1540 states that the
Hospitallers' ' manor of Entwisle ' was held
by the heirs of Ellis Entwisle by a rent
of 120". ; Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.

4 Ellis son of Richard de Entwisle was
in 1 276 called upon to defend his title to
20 acres of wood in Edgeworth. He stated
that his ancestors had held the pasture in
severally, and that his father had inclosed
part of the common ; Assize R. 405, m.

3d-

Ellis de Entwisle in 1292 claimed that
the Prior of the Hospital of St. John
should acquit him of the service required
by the Earl of Lancaster out of the free
tenement in Entwisle and Edgeworth, of
which the prior was mesne lord. The
prior appeared, and Ellis was then unwill-
ing to plead against him, and so the prior
was acquitted ; Assize R. 408, m. 56. Ellis
again occurs in 1297 ; Inq. and Extents,
i, 297.

In 1329 the Prior of the Hospitallers
claimed from John de Entwisle the ser-
vices due for a messuage and 40 acres in
'Turton' ; De Banco R. 279, m. i8od.
John de Entwisle contributed to the sub-
sidy in 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 40. He was tenant of
the third part of the manor in 1346 ;
Add. MS. 32103, fol. 46.

Ellis de Entwisle is mentioned in
1394, 1398, and 1407 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 57, 61, 65, 68 ; Towneley
MS. RR, no. 1549 ; and an Ellis son of
Ellis de Entwisle in 1410 ; Final Cone.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 69. Ed-
mund de Entwisle occurs in 1412 ; Towne-
ley MS. RR, no. 1556.

In 1420 John de Entwisle and Margaret
his wife had settled upon them lands in
Withington, Manchester, and Chorlton,
the wife's inheritance ; Final Cone. (Rec.

Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 77. The
trustees were Ellis de Entwisle and John
de Lever. A brief note has been preserved
of the inquisition after the death of John
Entwisle, dated 1436 ; he held the manor
of Entwistle of the Hospitallers by a rent
of lid. ; Towneley MS. Lanes. Tenures,
fol. 1 1 . The writ of Diem clausit extre-
mum was issued 23 Mar. 1435-6 ; Dep.
Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 36.

6 Towneley MS. DD, no. 1478 ; 'the
fourth part of the fourth part,' may be an
error of copying.

In 1444 and 1445 Margaret the widow
of John Entwisle claimed dower in certain
messuages, &c., in Entwisle, Turton, and
Bolton, against Elizabeth, the widow of
Anian Entwisle ; the defence was that
John had not been in seisin either at the
time of his marriage or later ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 6, m. izb ; R. 8, m. n*.

Ellis Entwisle occurs in 1473 ; Mame-
cestre (Chet. Soc.), iii, 482.

6 Fasten Letters (ed. Gairdner), i, 333.
There is a biography of him in Baines,
Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 93-4. In 1446 Sir
Bertin Entwisle was one of the trustees
of Robert Callow of Oswaldtwistle ; Add.
MS. 32104, no. 1156.

7 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. vii, no. 30.

8 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 1 2, m.
305.

9 Ibid. bdle. 14, m. 247. See also
Lanes, and Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches), ii, 255.

10 Edward Tyldesley and Anne his wife
in 1570 sold messuages and lands in En-
twisle and Over Darwen to John Osbaldes-
ton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 32, m.
48. He asserted in 15 77 that Alexander
and Richard Entwisle had wrongfully taken
possession of parts of the manor of En-
twisle and its lands which he had acquired
from George Entwisle ; but it was shown
that Alexander's lands were at Broadhead
[in Edgeworth J, not parcel of the manor of
Entwisle ; Duchy of Lane. Plead. Eliz.
cv, T. 5.

Edward Tyldesley, being seised of the

283

hall of Entwisle and twenty-six messuages
and lands in the township in 1586, granted
them to feoffees for the use of the said
Edward for life, then of Elizabeth, widow
of Thomas Tyldesley for life, then of Ed-
ward, infant son and heir of Thomas. The
rent payable for Entwisle was given as
io,/.; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv,
no. io.

Like Morleys, the manor descended to
the famous Sir Thomas Tyldesley, slain at
Wigan in 1651, and was claimed by the
guardians of his son Edward, the whole
estate having been sequestered by the Par-
liament ; Cal. Com. for Compounding, iv,
2568.

11 Sixty deeds relating to the sales and
later course of the history, with notes, will
be found in James C. Scholes' Documentary
Notes relating to the district of Turton (Bol-
ton, 1882). The hall was divided, and in
1657 the eastern part was sold to Roger
Brandwood, and the western (including the
room called the hall) to John Kay ; no.
5, 54. By Kay's will of 1671 his daughter
Jane, wife of Robert Norbury and after-
wards of Nathan Walker, inherited his
part of the hall ; she in 1723 appears to
have transferred it to a nephew, John
Wood; no. 17, 1 8, 38. It afterwards came
into the possession of the Kays of Turton.
who, according to a pedigree inserted in
the same work (p. 78), descended from
Alexander, a brother of John Kay.

According to Canon Raines, Edward
Tyldesley sold Entwisle property to
Entwisle and Norbury in 1657, and they
dispersed it among the tenants ; Notitia
Cestr. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 24. A similar sale
to a large number of the tenants in 1670
seems to have ended the Tyldesleys* con-
nexion with the district ; Scholes, op. cit.
no. 41.

Details of the descent of several other
properties in Entwisle will be found in the
work stated : Overhouse, Edge, Edge Foot,
Lowerhouse or Crow trees, &c. Many
field names are given : Paggas, Arma-
graves, Aspden field, Farnecar, &c.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

In 1808, however, John Brandwood paid £1 to
Bamber Gascoyne, as lord of Much Woolton, for
twenty years' rent known as St. John of Jerusalem's
rent.11 Of this family probably was derived James
Brandwood, born in 1739, son of John Brandwood of
New House, Entwisle, who joined the Society of
Friends and achieved some distinction among them.
He died in 1826."

Entwisle Hall, a two-story stone-built house stand-
ing on a high situation about i| miles north of Turton
Tower, was described by Camden " as a ' proper fair
house,' but this probably refers to an older building
than the present one, which seems to have been erected
in the first half of the I yth century. It has a long front
facing south and is of the type of plan having a central
hall and projecting end wings ; but has a further east
wing with large stone chimney and end gable. The
roof of the main portion of the building has been
covered in modern times with blue slates, but the
eastern end retains its ancient grey stone slates and
stone coping and balls to the end gable ; the two gables
facing south are quite plain. The windows at this
end too are the original ones, with stone mullions and
hood-moulds, but those of the rest of the house have
been mutilated and done away with altogether, and
smaller modern windows inserted, though the hood-
mould of a former long low window still remains in
the centre part of the house.

The building is divided into three tenements and
seems to have been so since the middle of the iyth
century. A deed for the transfer of the middle
part of Entwisle Hall to John Kay in 1657 speaks of
* all that capital Messuage or Manor House commonly
known by the name of Entwisle Hall, and the demesne
lands thereunto belonging, That is to witt, the Room
called the Hall, containing three bays of buildings or
thereabouts, standing and being betwixt the parlour
and the kitchen, with all the chambers and rooms over
the same room called the Hall.' Mention is also
made of the ' out Ileinge adjoining to the Hall on the
north side,' and of the ' court or yard lying on the
south side of the Hall.' Another deed of the same
year referring to the sale of the east end of the house
to Roger Brandwood refers to it as * the kitchen con-
taining four bays in length with the chambers and
rooms over,' and gives Brandwood the liberty ' to pass
and repass through the fold or yard on the south side
of the hall and parlour unto and from the kitchen.'

The building still fairly well corresponds with these
descriptions. The middle part, or hall, seems always

to have been of two stories, and probably the house as
described in 1657 had been lately rebuilt. The court
on the south side appears to have been a yard only as
at present. The barn now on the south side of the
house was erected in 1720, which date it bears, to-
gether with the initials I R B M, probably those of
James and Roger Brandwood and Mary, the wife of
James.15 The Brandwoods also appear to have re-
stored their end of the house in the 1 8th century, and
later unimportant additions have been made to the
building on the north and west sides.

In 1826, during the days of industrial distress and
starvation, the old kitchen and other apartments on the
ground floor at the east end, were used as a * dow-
house,' and about the same time the rooms over the
hall, most of which retain their oak floors, were con-
verted into weaving places to find employment for
those out of work.16

A Houghton family had some estate in the town-
ship.17

The Wesleyan Methodists have a Sunday service at
Entwisle.

QUARLTON

Quernedon, 1301 ; Querndone, 1302 ; Quordone,
1309. Quarndon or Quarnton was the usual spelling
till modern times.

This boundary township on the hill-side has an
area of 798 acres. The hamlet of Quarlton lies near
the western border at a height of about 650 ft. above
the sea ; the ground rises rapidly to the north-east,
over 1,250 ft. being attained at the boundary. The
population was in 1901 included in Edgeworth.

Wickenlow is in the northern part of the township,
and Waives in the south-eastern.

The road from Bury to Blackburn crosses the
western corner of the township.

There are old-established calico-printing works on
the border of Turton. The land is chiefly in pasture.

As a township Quarlton was joined to Edgeworth
in 1898, and so ceased to exist.1

In 1666 the houses in Quarlton were few and
small ; none had more than two hearths liable to the
tax, and the whole number for the township was only
twenty-one.11

The manor of QU4RLTON appears

M4NOR to have been the two oxgangs of land in

Edgeworth which the Radcliffes reserved

on granting the main portion to the TrafFords.1 It

13 The receipt is in the possession of
Sir Lees Knowles, bart., who, according
to the pedigree in Baines, Lanes, (ed.
Croston), iii, 223, is a descendant of
Andrew Knowles of Quarlton and Eliza-
beth his wife, daughter of a John Brand-
wood of Entwisle ; she died in 1757, aged
twenty-six.

The descent of the Brandwood moiety
of the hall and its demesne lands is traced
by Mr. Scholes, op. cit. no. 54, 56-7.
Roger Brandwood, the purchaser, was suc-
ceeded in 1678 by his second son Roger,
and he in 1707 by his son James, who died
in 1711. His first and second sons, James
(died 1715) and Roger (died 1761), fol-
lowed ; and the latter's daughter Anne
carried it by marriage to Christopher Baron.
Their son Roger Baron became bankrupt
in 1785, and Roger Hamer purchased it
in 1786. He held it till 1841, when it

passed to his son Richard (died 1849), and
to the latter's daughter Elizabeth, wife of
Henry Field Fisher. It was sold in 1853 to
William Barlow, again in 1854 to James
Winder, and in 1857 to John Barlow,
nephew of William ; he died in 1870 and
his executors held it in 1882. A pedigree
of the Barlow family is given; op. cit. 118.

A settlement of thirty messuages, water-
mill, lands, &c., in Entwisle, Edgeworth,
Sharpies, and Bolton, was made in 1762
by Christopher Baron and Anne his wife ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 367, m. 39.

John Brandwood in 1779 Pa'^ a duchy
rent of is. ^d. for Entwisle Hall ; Duchy
of Lane. Rentals, 14/25.

James Brandwood of Charnock Richard,
and formerly of Entwisle Hall, in 1762 left
£100 to the poor stock ; End. Char. Rep.
for Bolton Parish, 1904, p. 67.

18 A biography of him was compiled by

284

James C. Scholes, and published in 1882.
He is in Diet. Nat. Biog.

14 Britannia (ed. 1697), 746.

15 J. C. Scholes, Documentary Notes relat-
ing to the district of Turton, 1882.

" Ibid.

V Final Cone, iii, 146 ; Excb. Deps.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 34.

1 By the Bolton, Turton, &c. Extension
Act, 1898.

la Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

3 See the account of Edgeworth.

In an extent of 1324 it is stated that
William de Radcliffe held Edgeworth by
the service of zs. 6d. ; Lanes. Inq. and
Extents (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
105. The service is that due for a fourth
part of the whole, i.e. for two oxgangs.

Roger de Radcliffe made a claim against
Richard de Radcliffe in 1301 and 1302
respecting lands in Quarlton, but did not

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

afterwards came into the hands of the Radcliffes of
Smithills, and their successors, the Bartons,3 and was
sold in 1723 by Lord Fauconberg.4

The Hospitallers had land in Quarlton from an
early date ; and this was occupied by the Smithills
family.5

Mrs. Julia Wright of Mottram Hall near Maccles-
field is now said to hold the manor. She inherited it
from her father the Rev. Henry Wright, on his death
resuming her maiden name. She married the late
Capt. J. F. D'A. Street.6

Ellis de Quarlton contributed to the subsidy in
I332.7 A Warburton family appears in the i6th and
1 7th centuries.8

LONGWORTH

Longeworthe, 1254 ; Lunggewrthe, 1278 ; Longe-
worth, 1 290.

Longworth occupies the south-western slope of
Turton Moor and the tongue of lower land to the
south-east, between the Longworth and Delph Brooks.
In the latter part of the township the hall is situated,
but there is no village nor any considerable hamlet

within the boundary. The area is 1,654 acres- The
population was in 1901 numbered with that of
Western Turton.

A road from Egerton in Turton passes along near
the south-western border. The ancient road from
Blackburn to Bolton through Tockholes crossed the
township.

The land is chiefly pasture. There is a quarry on
the hill, but a cotton mill near the southern corner
has lately been demolished by the Bolton Corporation
in connexion with their water supply.

For local government the township was in 1898
joined to Turton, ceasing to have a separate existence.1

No house in the township had more than two
hearths in 1666, except Thomas Lacy's, which had
seven. The total was 2i.la

LONGWORTH was held of the lords
MANOR of Manchester as 2 oxgangs * of land by a
family or families which assumed the local
surname, and continued there down to the middle of
the 1 7th century. Apart from grants made by Mat-
thew son of Siward de Longworth to the abbey of
Cockersand about the beginning of the I 3th century3
there is little to be recorded of the family,4 though

prosecute it ,• Assize R. 1321, m. 9 ; R.
418, m. 12 d.

In 1304 Richard de Radcliffe of Rad-
cliffe had a grant of free warren in Quarl-
ton ; Charter R. 97 (32 Edw. I), m. 2,
no. 17.

The manor of Quarlton is named in
1 309 among the Radcliffe estates ; Final
Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 5.

In 1340 Richard de Radcliffe claimed a
messuage, &c., in ' Edgeworth next Tur-
ton ' against William son of William de
Radcliffe, and recovered by default ; De
Banco R. 321, m. 305 ; R. 323, m. 198.

A pleading of 1358 gives some particu-
lars, from which it appears that the Traf-
fords had an interest in Quarlton, which
it probably the ' third part of the manor
of Edgeworth' in dispute. William son
and heir of Robert de Radcliffe demanded
that third part against Richard son of
William de Radcliffe, it having been
given by Sir Richard de Trafford to
Robert de Radcliffe in free marriage with
Anabil his daughter in the time of Edward
I ; from them it descended to Richard as
son and heir, then to Robert as son and
heir, and then to the plaintiff. The jury
decided in favour of the plaintiff ; Assize
R. 438, m. 7 d. The plaintiff seems to
be the head of the Smithills family, and
the defendant the head of the parent Rad-
cliffe stock.

8 The preceding note gives the clue to
the descent.

Lands in Quarlton (or in Edgeworth)
are regularly mentioned in the Radcliffe
and Barton inquisitions, but are usually
said to be held of the Hospitallers. In
that after the death (1417) of Margery
widow of Sir Ralph de Radcliffe, however,
her dower in ' three parts of the manor of
Edgeworth,' was stated to be held of the
king as of his Duchy of Lancaster by
knight's service and a rent of 2s. 6d. ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 127. Also
in that of John Barton in 1517, the Edge-
worth lands are stated to be held of the
king ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v,
no. 82.

^Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), i", fol.
220, from Roll 8 of Geo. I at Preston.

5 Ralph de Radcliffe in 1406 was found
to have held three messuages in Edge-

worth of the Hospitallers by a rent of
i6i/. ; the clear annual value was 1001. ;
Towneley MS. DD, no. 1504.

The Hospitallers' rental of c. 1540
shows that Andrew Barton paid \ fid. for
the lordship of Quarlton ; Kuerden MSS.
v, fol. 84. In his inquisition, however,
the rent is given as zs. zd. ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. ix, no. 27. This is re-
peated later, e.g. Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 211.

6 See pedigree in Earwaker"s East Ches.
ii, 353. In 1797 the lands of H. O. Wright
contributed over a third of the land tax.

There is in Mrs. Wright's possession
an interesting estate plan, endorsed ' The
Plan of Quarnton belonging to the right
worshipful Sir Thomas Barton of Smith-
ills, knight. Taken by William Senior,
Professor of the Mathematics. Anno
Domini, 1620 ;' information of Sir Lees
Knowles, who has given a copy to the
British Museum.

7 Excb. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 41.

8 Thomas Warburton the elder and
Ellen his wife in 1558 made a settlement
of four messuages and lands in Edgeworth,
Quarlton, and Butterworth ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 19, m. 23.

Thomas Warburton, who died 31 May
1634, at Stubbins, held two messuages,
&c., in Quarlton in Edgeworth of Sir
Thomas Barton, and other lands ; Fran-
cis, his son and heir, was fifty-seven years
of age ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxx,
no. 93. Hannah, a daughter of Thomas
Warburton, is said to have married Robert
Knowles of Quarlton ; Baines, Lanes, (ed.
Croston), iii, 222.

Richard Knowles of Quarlton occurs in
1583 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 252, m. 12.

1 By the Bolton, Turton, &c., Extension
Act, 1898.

la Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

2 It was in 1322 in the upper bailiwick
of the barony, and contributed to the
maintenance of the foresters of Horwich ;
Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), ii, 374, 377.

8 The land was in Award Hill ridding,
the bounds beginning at an oak marked
with a cross which grew by the street in
the Rakes, going down to the great water,
then up as far as the clough, and up the

285

clough to the hill, and so back to the oak.
Quitclaims from Richard son of Roger de
Orsdeshaw (to William de Ashworth), and
from William son of Adam de Ashworth
accompanied the charter. For the latter
quitclaim the canons paid 2 marks ;
W. Farrer, Cockersand Chartul. (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 704. Hereward, Abbot of Cocker-
sand, afterwards granted this to Roger son
of Ughtred and his heirs at a rent of izd.
a year, and ^ mark as relief ; ibid, ii, 706.

The same benefactor also gave an acre
formerly occupied by Geoffrey de Man-
chester, with various easements including
leave to cut hay outside Acargarth ; ibid,
ii, 705.

The Cockersand rentals of 1451, 1461,
1501, and 1 537 show that Thomas Long-
worth was tenant of two parcels (each i zd.
rent) in those years ; ibid, iv, 1238, 1241.
In 1501 the heir of Sir James Harrington
held a tenement called Kirkland at 6d.
rent ; ibid. Isabel Dame Harrington was
in 1519 found to have held a messuage
and land in Longworth of the Abbot of
Cockersand in socage ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. v, no. 2. Some or all of the
abbey lands were by Queen Mary granted
to Manchester Collegiate Church or the
SavoyHospital ; Pat. 3 & 4 Phil, and Mary,
pt. xi ; 4 & 5 Phil, and Mary, pt. xv.

4 Hugh de Longworth granted land in
the township to William de Worthington;
Kuerden MSS. iii, W, 27.

In 1276 John son of Hugh de Long-
worth, Ellen his wife, &c., were accused of
depriving Robert de Wytefield and Lettice
his wife of 3 acres of moor, and the plain-
tiffs' claim was admitted ; Assize R. 405,
m. 4 d.

John de Longworth in 1288 success-
fully asserted his right to 100 acres of
moor in Longworth which had been occu-
pied by Alexander de Cuerdale, Richard
de Orymeshaw and others, who asserted
that the land was in Darwen ; Assize R.
1277, m. 32<zd.

Thomas de Longworth died 8 August
1444, holding six messuages, 24 acres of
land, 40 acres of meadow, &c., in Long-
worth, of Sir Nicholas Longford as of his
manor of Withington by knight's service
and a rent of cfad. ; he also held lands in
Thornton and Bolton-le-Moors. The

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

LONGWORTH of Long-
worth. Argent three
dragons' heads couped
sable.

pedigrees were entered at the heralds' visitations in
1567* and i6i3.6 Christopher Longworth died in
1608, holding various messuages and lands in Long-
worth, including a water-mill, of Rowland Mosley as
of his manor of Withington
by knight's service and 9^</.
rent. He also held lands in
Bolton. Thomas his son and
heir was twenty- three years
of age.7 Thomas Longworth
and Dorothy his wife made
a settlement of the manor of
Longworth and lands there
and in Bolton in 1632.* Soon
afterwards, however, the manor
appears to have been sold —
probably to Lacy, who recorded
a pedigree in 1664* — and in
1738 it is named in a settle-
ment of the estates of William Hulton of Over
Hulton.10 It afterwards descended regularly in this
family,11 but in 1907 was purchased by the Corpora-
tion of Bolton in connexion with the town's water
supply. The Delph reservoir is now being formed
in Longworth.

The Radcliffes of Radcliffe in 1 309 drew a rent
from Longworth." The freeholders in 1600 were
Christopher Longworth r.nd James Worthington.13

RIVINGTON

Rowinton, Rawinton, Revington, 1202 ; Ruh-
winton, 1212 ; Riuiton, 1226 ; Rowynton, Rouyn-
ton, 1278 and common; Roynton, 1332; Rouyngton,
1400 ; Revyngton, Ryvington, xvi cent.

The township occupies the western and northern
slopes of Winter Hill, which rises to the height of
1, 49 8 ft. near the meeting-place of the boundaries of
Rivington, Horwich, Halliwell, and Sharpies. A spur
of this hill shoots out westward and then southward,
terminating at the Pike or Peak, 1,15 8 ft. high ; from
this the ground slopes rapidly to the west and south,
and more gently to the south-east. On the Pike is a

tower built in 1733, and said to mark the position
of an older beacon.1 Fine views are obtained from
this point. The western boundary is about 3 miles
from north to south, and is formed by the reservoirs
of the Liverpool Waterworks, begun in 1 847, and
completed ten years later.1 The area of the township
is 2,768 acres.3 The population in 1901 numbered
421.

The little village of Rivington, with its church and
chapel, lies near the embankment separating the upper
and lower reservoirs ; the hall is further to the east.
A large part of the hill-side, from the village to the
southern boundary, has been formed into a park, which
was in 1904 presented to the corporation of Bolton by
Mr. W. H. Lever, the present lord of the manor.4

The principal road is that along the foot of the hill
from Horwich to the village, where it is crossed by a
road from Anderton over the embankment and eastward
to Belmont and Bolton. There are some other old
roads, and new ones have been formed in connexion
with the great park.

The River Douglas rises on Winter Hill and flows
south-west, forming part of the southern boundary ;
while the Yarrow, rising on the same hill, forms the
northern boundary.

There were calico-printing works at Knoll.61 Veins
of lead and calamine were formerly worked.6* The soil
is clayey, with subsoil of gravel, and grass is the chief
crop.

On Noon Hill is an ancient mound.

The township is governed by a parish council.

There were 62 hearths in this township liable to
the tax in 1666, but no house had as many as six
hearths in it.7a

The manor of RITINGTON in 1212
MANOR was held of the king in thegnage by the
Pilkingtons of Pilkington ; it was assessed
as 6 oxgangs of land, and a rent of los. was paid.83
About the end of the I3th century an eighth part was
acquired by the Hulton family, so that in 1324 Roger
de Pilkington held seven-eighths of the manor at a rent
of 8/. 9</., and Richard de Hulton held the other
eighth by it. 3</.9a This partition appears again in

heir was his grandson Thomas (son of
Nicholas) Longworth, who was of full age
when the inquisition was taken in 1448 ;
Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 36, 37*?.

Lettice widow of Thomas Longworth
in 1446 claimed dower in six messuages
and various lands in Longworth, Bolton,
and Thornton-in-Sefton against Thomas
Longworth of Longworth ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 9, m. i8i.

An arbitration was agreed on in 14.62
respecting lands in Longworth within the
vill of Withington between Robert and
Peter Longhals on one side and on the
other Richard Southworth, John Brad-
shaw and Elizabeth his wife, Thomas
Longworth and others ; the lands had
lately belonged to one Thomas Long,
worth; Kuerden fol. MS., P 316, no.
676.

There was a dispute in 1530 between
Orrell of Turton and others and
Thofna"S!l(LonSworth (or his heir) concern-
ing the corr}Wl°n pasture called Longworth
Moor, and a greSftf waste or pasture called
Turton Moss 5 PaT^^f Lane. Sessional
Papers, Lent, 21 Hen.^iqiL A little
later Anthony Green claimettka right of
way in Longworth and Turton against

Thomas Longworth ; Duchy Plead. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 8.

5 Chet. Soc. p. 23. It begins with
Thomas Longworth, and proceeds : — 8.
George — s. Thomas, — s. George, living
1567 — sons Thomas, Alexander, Christo-
pher, Richard and five daughters.

6 Chet. Soc. p. 40. It begins with the
George living in 1567, whose will was
proved in 1596 : — s. Christopher, — s.
Thomas, living 1613, whose wife was
Dorothy Hudleston.

7 Lane. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 115. The dependence of Long-
worth on Withington immediately has
received evidence from a deed of 1462
quoted above.

8 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 119, no.

35-

9 Dugdale, Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 171 ;
Thomas Lacy, the first of Longworth, had
married a daughter of Adam Hulton of
Hulton, who may then have been the
owner.

10 Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 321, m. 3.

11 See the account of Over Hulton.
William Hulton appears to have been sole
proprietor in 1794 and 1799 ; Land tax
returns at Preston.

286

13 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 5. Henry de Traffbrd seems to
have been their tenant ; De Banco R. 179,
m. 206.

18 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 247.

1 The ' beacon upon Rivington Hill ' is
mentioned in 1591 ; Hist. MSS. Com.
Rep. xiv, App. iv, 603.

2 W. F. Irvine, Ri-vington, 149-53. The
portion of the reservoirs and filter beds
within the township occupies about 275
acres.

8 The 1901 Census Rep. gives 2,771,
including 218 of inland water.

4 Mr. Lever's gift also includes the
beacon tower on the Pike and land around
it

s^_Baines, Lanes. Dir. 1825, ii, 670.

6a Lewis, Topog. Diet., ed. 1831.

7a Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

83 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 67. In this account
of the township great help has been
derived from Mr. W. Fergusson Irvine's
Hist, of Ri-vington (1904), and Lieut.-Col.
J. Pilkington's Hist, of the Pilkington Family
(1894), and the authors' further aid.

te Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. 37^.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

1346 10 and 1445." From this time the descent of
the manor cannot be traced satisfactorily. After the
forfeiture by the Pilkingtons of Pilkington in 1485
the thegnage rents appear to have been collected
directly from the tenants in possession,1* and at the
beginning of the I yth century five-eighths was held
by the Pilkingtons of Rivington,1* a fourth part by the
Lathoms of Irlam,14 and the other eighth by the
Shaws of Heath Charnock.15 Even in the I4th cen-
tury a fourth part was held by the Westleigh and
Birkenhead families,16 and descended to the Birken-
heads " and Chisnalls I8 in the 1 6th century, and to the
Hamerton's 19 or Lathoms.193

The principal local family was that just named —
the Pilkingtons of Rivington.*0 In 1202 Alexander
de Pilkington, William his brother, and Alice his sister,
secured from Thomas de Rivington a release of his
right in 2^ oxgang? in Rivington and Worsthorne, all
the parties claiming by descent ; Thomas, however,
received the oxgang in Worsthorne, the Pilkingtons
retaining the land in Rivington, which was a fourth

part of the manor.11 At the same time Henry de
Pilkington released to Alexander his claim to 3 oxgangs
of land in the townships
named.** In 1212 Alexander
de Pilkington, the head of the
family, held the manor of the
king, and the sons of his uncle
or stepfather held the land of
him.*3 It is clear, therefore,
that the land was much di-
vided. Nothing is known of
it for the greater part of a
century,24 but then another
Alexander de Pilkington is
found purchasing lands*5 in

Rivington, apparently as an estate for his younger
son Richard,*6 who settled there as the immediate
lord of the place, or at least of the seven-eighths
held by the Pilkingtons. Richard married Ellen,
daughter of William de Anderton, who had a share of
Rivington from her father ; *7 she was living in 1 3Oi,s8

PILKINGTON. Urgent
a cross fary voided gules.

10 Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146*5 in
addition to the IQJ. rent, puture and a
double rent for relief were paid. Roger
de Pilkington and John de Hulton were
the tenants.

11 Duchy of Lane. Knights' Fees, 2/20;
Sir John Pilkington and James Hulton
•were the holders.

The Hulton share descended in the
Farnworth branch of the family, but
is not mentioned in any of their inquisi-
tions, though rents in Rivington, of which
no particulars are given, are named among
the possessions of William Hulton of
Farnworth as late as 1556; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. x, no. 32.

12 There is no indication that this part
•of the Pilkington lordships was granted to
the Earl of Derby.

18 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 153.

" Towneley MS. C 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.),
fol. 755 ; the inquisition after the death
of Edmund Lathom, 1640, in which it is
stated that George his grandfather had,
among other properties, held a fourth
part of Rivington of the Crown, and
made a settlement in 1570.

George Lathom and Elizabeth Lathom,
•widow, were engaged in suits with
Richard Pilkington and others in 1549
and 1550, respecting Moldesfield and
land in Rivington ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 240, 242, 243, 286.

In Towneley MS. GG these are de-
scribed as George Lathom of Huyton
and Elizabeth his wife ; no. 1721, 1836.
Earlier (1486) Edmund Lathom of Riding
Chapel occurs ; no. 1965, 1966. Hye-
furth House at Dene Head was part of
the Lathom estate ; ibid. no. 1988.
The disputes went on until 1614, when
Thomas Lathom son of George received
an allotment of 50 acres in satisfaction
of his claims on the waste ; Irvine,
Ri-vington, 30—4.

15 Lana. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 28. John Shaw was
defendant in Rivington cases in 1507,
1528, and again in 1545 ; Ducatus Lane.
(Rec. Com.), ii, I ; i, 201, 178. It
seems natural to assume that this was the
eighth part previously held by the Hul-
tons. Robert Shaw, son and heir of the
Thomas Shaw whose inquisition has
just been referred to, made a settlement of
the eighth part of the manor of Rivington
and other lands in 1606 ; Pal. of Lane.

Feet of F. bdle. 70, no. 68. In 1765
Holt Leigh acquired lands in Rivington,
Anglezarke, &c., from Baxter Roscow
and Helen his wife, and Elizabeth Shaw,
widow -, ibid. bdle. 373, m. 122.

16 In 1347 Roger de Westleigh of Irlam,
Emma his wife, and Adam de Birkhead
or Birkenhead of Wigan claimed the
fourth part of two messuages, &c., in
Rivington against Robert de Rivington,
Richard his son, and others ; Assize R.
1435, m. 1 8. Three years earlier Roger
son of Roger de Westleigh and Emma
his wife had made a settlement of the
fifth part of the manor of Rivington and
the fourth part of an oxgang in Barton-
on-Irwell in favour of their son Richard,
whose wife's name was Ellen ; Final Cone.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 121. A
settlement in 1448 probably refers to the
same estate ; ibid, iii, 1 14.

V Henry Birkhead of Wigan held a
messuage and lands in Rivington of Richard
Pilkington fcy a rent of id.\ his heir in
1513 was Joan, sis:er of Richard son of
Hugh so i of Richard son of the said
Henry, and she was four years of age ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 26. By
another inquisition it was found that her
father Hugh, who died in 1514 (sic\ held
the same estate in Rivington of the king as
of his Duchy of Lancaster by the rent of
7$J-, and William Birkhead, uncle of
Hugh, was the occupier ; ibid, iv, no. 87.
Yet another inquisition was held in which
the tenure of the king by a rent of jlfd.
was confirmed, and some furthur particu-
lars were recorded ; Hugh is now stated
to have died 16 Jan. 1510-11 ; ibid, v,
no. 23. See further in the account of
Wigan.

18 Richard Chisnall died in 1587
holding six messuages, &c., in Rivington
of the queen as of her manor of Salford,
in socage by a rent of -j\d. ; ibid, xiv, no.
39. Richard Chisnall had been plaintiff
in several Rivington suits in preceding
years ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii,
109, 125, 142, 157. John Chisnall,
his nephew and heir, was defendant in
1588; ibid, iii, 226. The estate in
Rivington was in 1635 stated to be held
of the Crown by a rent of i6\d. ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxviii, no. 8.

19 The Chisnall estates descended to
the Hamertons ; James Hamerton was a
vouchee in a recovery in 1772 ; Pal. of
Lane. Plea R. 615, m. ii. A little

287

later the Rivington lands were sold to the
Andrews family.

193 The Lathom estates in Rivington
and elsewhere seem to have been inherited
from the Westleigh family, though the
share of Rivington is called a fourth part.
The fractions are uncertain.

20 See Pilkington, Pilkington Family,
34, &c.

21 Final Cone, i, 1 8.

22 Ibid, i, 22.

23 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 67.

24 A collection of Rivington charters is
preserved in Towneley MS. GG (Add.
MS. 32107), no. 1657-2078.

25 Richard son of Richard de Gamelsley
granted to his lord, Alexander de Pilking-
ton, his claim in the holding of Roger de
Broadhurst ; Towneley MS. GG, no.
1703, 1873. William son of Roger de
Broadhurst also granted to Alexander his
lord all his rights in lands and services in
Rivington ; ibid. no. 1925. William son
of Richard de Rivington gave to the same
Alexander the land he had received from
Ellis son of Simon ; and Ellen and Maud,
daughters of John son of Richard son of
William de Rivington, gave a release of
their claim on the lands of their uncle
William ; and in 1279 Roger son of
Richard de Rivington also granted a
release ; ibid. no. 2066, 2069, 2070.

26 Ibid. no. 1658. The seal bore the
Pilkington cross.

2? Ibid. no. 1657, 1962; the 're-
mainder ' was to John, another son of
Alexander de Pilkington, in free marriage
with Margery, another daughter of
William de Anderton. Alice widow of
Adam son of William de Anderton re-
leased her claim to dower in Rivington to
R'chard de Pilkington ; no. 1661. Roger \
de Broadhurst in 1297 entered into a I
bond to discharge Richard de Pilking- '
ton and Ellen his wife from all his
claims against them on any account ;
no. 1831.

28 In that year John de Hindley
successfully asserted his right to common
of pasture in 200 acres of moor, &c., in
Rivington against Richard de Pilkington,
the chief lord, Ellen his wife, Alice widow
of Alexander de Pilkington, Adam de
Heywood, Roger de Broadhurst, and
others; Assize R. 419, m. 12. Richard
de Pilkington and Ellen his wife were
among the defendants in a plea of the
following year ; ibid. 418, m. 2.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

and Richard was living in I3io.w He was suc-
ceeded by his son Robert,30 who had a son Richard
married to Joan, daughter of John de Heaton,31 and
other children. Though a considerable number of
the family deeds have been preserved the history of
the manor is unknown for about thirty years,32 from
1350 to 1380, and then another Robert de Pilkington
is found in possession. His parentage is not stated.33
His first wife was Alice, daughter of Adam de Hulton ;
and then he married Alice de Astley ; but in 1379

this union was dissolved, on the allegation of kinship
with his first wife ; M and Robert soon afterwards
married Katherine, daughter of John de Ainsworth,
then settled near the Peak.35

Their son Alexander succeeded to the manor about
14-O3,36 and in 1420 was found to hold seven parts of
Rivington of Sir John de Pilkington in socage by the
service of 5/. yearly.37 He married Katherine,
daughter of Richard de Crook, and was succeeded
by his son Ralph.38 From his first wife, Margery

29 Richard de Pilkington acquired land
between Tunstead Brook and Baxton-
dene water from Roger son of Simon del
Knoll ; and he made a grant to Godith,
Simon's widow ; Towneley MS. GG, no.
1662, 1918 ; also no. 2051, 2052. In
1310 Richard del Knoll demised to Richard
de Pilkington, for ten years, all his land
in Rivington ; ibid. no. 2000.

80 Robert was a minor at his father's
death, and in 1318 took action against
Robert son of John de Ditton and Ellen
his wife for an account of his lands which
they had held whilst he was under age 5
De Banco R. 222, no. 232. In the pre-
vious year he had acquired from Richard
son of John del Knoll all his land at the
Knoll in Rivington ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 1914. In 1322 Robert and his
brother Adam agreed to waive their
actions against John de Ditchfield and
his brothers Richard and William ; ibid,
no. 1866. Robert occurs again in 1330,
1333, and 1335 ; no. 1958, 1955, 1714.
He contributed to the subsidy in 1332;
Exch. Lay Subs. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 31.

He enfeoffed Alexander son of Cecily of
his manor of Rivington in 1336, and it
was regranted to him ten days later with
remainders to his son Richard, and in
default of issue to John and William,
brothers of Richard ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 1730, 1675. Robert was still living in
1347 ; Assize R. 1435, m. 18.

81 The settlement referred to in the
last note was made just after Richard's
marriage, and Robert de Pilkington on
the same occasion granted Richard and
Joan certain lands in Rivington. The
bounds began at 'the oak in the lane,'
went along the lane to Tunstead Brook,
beyond the brook to the hedge dividing
Goose Hey and Fernylea, along the hedge
to Baxtondene Water, down this to the
boundary between Anderlon and Riving-
ton, and then by the boundary of Broad-
hurst to the starting-point. The re-
mainders are the same as before, except
that Margaret, a daughter, is inserted ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1678.

In 1330 Alice, widow of Roger son of
Simon del Knoll, released to Richard son
of Robert de Pilkington all her right in
Rivington ; ibid. no. 2075. Richard
occurs again in 1346 and 1347; no.
1903 ; Assize R. 1435, m. 18.

82 John de Pilkington of Rivington was
•witness to a local charter in 1367;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1870. He was
no doubt the younger brother of Richard
mentioned in the remainders in 1336, and
may have been a trustee in possession.

An incident of this period may be
recorded. Ralph de Pennington, clerk,
prosecuted two men called ' Baxton men '
in 1375 for digging in his quarry at
Rivington ; De Banco R. 457, m. 381 d.

83 Col. Pilkington (op. cit. 36) con-
siders that he was a younger son of Sir
Roger de Pilkington of Pilkington, and
that the silence is explained by Robert's

constant service abroad. As there is no
evidence of any grant from the older
Robert to the younger, it is more prob-
able that the descent of the manor was
regular, and that the second Robert was
grandson and heir of the former one.
Robert Pilkington of Rivington was a
•witness in the Scrope-Grosvenor trial,
1385-9. He was then aged forty or
more, and had seen Sir Robert Grosvenor
use the disputed coat at the taking of the
tower of Brosses and at La Roche sur Yon
about 1369, and all through that expedi-
tion ; Sir H. Nicolas' Scrape Roll, 302
(quoted by Col. Pilkington, op. cit. 66).
In 1386 one Robert de Pilkington went to
Ireland, having the king's protection ;
Cal. Pat. 1385-9, p. 156.

" Towneley MS. GG, no. 1785 ;
decree of divorce between Robert and
Alice. The first marriage — if it was a
marriage, about which there is some doubt
—took place about 1360. The reason is
given in proceedings concerning the third
marriage ; no. 2055. There was issue of
the first (or second) marriage, for in
1445 Robert de Bolton claimed the manor
of Rivington as son and heir of Imania,
daughter and heir of Alice and Robert ;
Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 8, m. i6b. In
1385 Robert de Pilkington agreed that
his daughter Imania should marry Roger
son of Robert de Bolton, lord of Little
Bolton ; Mr. W. H. Lever's D. (note by
Col. Pilkington). Roger son of Robert de
Bolton in 1408 gave a receipt for part of
a debt of 25 marks due by Alexander de
Pilkington ; GG, no. 1660.

85 Some account of the Ainsworth
family is given under Middleton. The
marriage agreement was made in Aug.
1382, in which it was recited that as
Katherine was nearly related to Alice de
Hulton, John her father should seek a
dispensation from the Court of Rome ;
GG, no. 1843. He appears to have
neglected to do so, and it was not until
they had been married many years that
the dispensation was sought ; it was
granted by Boniface IX in 1401. On
receipt of his decree the Bishop (of Lich-
field) made the usual inquiry by the
Abbot of Whalley and the Prior of Bur-
scough, and the latter absolved the parties
and confirmed the marriage on 10 June
1403; Lich. Epis. Reg. vii, fol. 210;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 2055. It was
recorded that Robert and Katherine were
married at Castleton Church in Nov.
1382, between the third hour and the
ninth (or, between terce and none), in the
presence of a number of relatives and
friends, and after due publication of banns
at Bolton and Castleton.

About the middle of 1402 a settlement
was made by Robert de Pilkington and
Katherine daughter of John de Ains-
worth, who is not called Robert's wife,
no doubt on account of the proceedings
mentioned above. The remainders after
their deaths were to Robert's sons :
Alexander, Richard, William, Robert,

288

Roger, John, and Ewan ; then t»
Richard son of Henry de Pilkington, and
then to Sir Roger de Pilkington ; ibid,
no. 1716. A later one was made in Nov*
1402 ; ibid. no. 1668.

Robert seems to have died shortly after
this, for the executors of his will were
discharged, after the performance of their
duty, in October 1403 ; no. 1920.

86 In June 1402 Robert de Pilkington
gave to Alexander his son and Katherine
his wife, daughter of Richard del Crook
of Whittle, certain lands in Rivington
which he had acquired from Roger de-
Barton and Alice his wife, and from
Robert del Knoll, &c. ; ibid. no. 2076,
2077, 1682, 1683, 1705. The manor of
Rivington and all its appurtenances had
been granted by Robert to his son in
1398, no. 1677, 1731 ; but see also no,
1683, 1707, 1733, 1734.

Inquiry was in 1407 ordered into a
complaint by Robert Union that Alexan-
der de Pilkington, Katherine his wife,
and Ralph his son had disseised him of
his free tenement in Rivington ; no.
1666. The date (8 Hen. IV) may be
erroneous ; in 1428 (7 Hen. VI) Alex-
ander agreed to Robert Union's claim to
the Knoll; no. 1741. In 1441 a similar
agreement was made by Alexander's son
Ralph; no. 1758. The dispute wa*
amicably settled before 1436 ; no. 1688,
In 1447 Robert Union released all actions
against Alexander de Pilkington ; no»
1972.

87 Lanes. Rec. Inq. p.m. no. 25, 26*
The rent, which is thai for half, not
seven-eighths, of the manor does not agree
with ihe other records quoted above.

Alexander de Pilkington occurs fre-
quently until 1473, an<^ he seems to have
died in the following year. In 1429 he
made a settlemenl of his lands in Riving-
ton and Mellor ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 1698, 1723. Again, in 1460, he
made a feoffment of the manor of
Rivington ; no. 1699. In 1473 Peter
Shutlleworth and others became bound to
him in £20 ; no. 1810. In the following
year Giles Lever, vicar of Bolton, and
others made formal teslimony 'lhat
Alexander Pilkinglon of Rivington, lying
on his deathbed, being in good mind, was
examined by the said vicar his ghostly
father if ever he had made any bargain,
annuity, or gift of any of his lands and
tenements in Lancashire or in Mellor '
except for a term of years ; and in reply
he swore before all of them thai he hadi
nol done so, but thai his lands would
descend to the right heirs of his body j
no. 1717 (dated 14 Hen. IV for Edw.
IV).

Alexander had a daughter Clemence,
who married Sir Lawrence Fitton, dead
in 1460 ; no. 1942.

88 See a preceding note. Ralph son of
Alexander Pilkington occurs in 1459-60,
and in 1468 made a lease of lands in.
Rivinglon to Edmund Crosse ; ibid. no_
1679, 2006, 1681.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

daughter of William de Lever, Ralph was divorced
in I43Z,39 and he then married Margaret, sister
of William Ambrose,40 by whom he had a son
and heir Robert. Ralph Pilkington died in 1476,
holding messuages and lands in Rivington of the
king as of his duchy.41 Robert the son and heir was
born about 1450. Another inquisition was taken
in 1507."

One of Robert's first acts was to build a hall and
cross-chamber at Rivington.43 He lost the Derby-
shire estates, the Ainsworths establishing their right
after some violent proceedings.44 Robert married
Joan daughter of Thomas Tyldesley,45 and died in
September 1508, holding lands of the king ; the ser-
vice is not stated in the inquisition.46 Richard, his

son and heir, then twenty-four years of age, is said to
have built or rebuilt the chapel at Rivington, and was
the father of several sons, who distinguished them-
selves as zealous Protestants in the second half of the
century ; one of them, James, was Bishop of Durham
from 1560 to 1575, and founded the grammar school
at Rivington in I566.47

An inclosure of the waste made in 1536 gives an
indication of the holdings of the three lords of the
manor; for, out of 20 acres, Richard Pilkington had I 3,
James Shaw 3, and George Lathom 4/8 Richard
Pilkington married Alice daughter of Lawrence
Asshaw,49 and at his death in 1551 was found to
hold a messuage and chapel at Rivington by a rent of
izd. and suit of court ;M George, his son and heir,

89 Towneley MS. GG, no. 1709 ; no
reason is mentioned, but in the preceding
year the king ordered the arrest of Geoffrey
de Livesey and a number of his family
and neighbours on the charge of abducting
Margery wife of Ralph de Pilkington ;
Riv. D. no. 23 (Irvine, Rivington, 1 8).

William de Lever was in 1437 party to
an agreement with Alexander Pilkington
and Ralph his son respecting the claims of
Robert Unton ; GG, no. 1689.

40 In 1447 Alexander Pilkington settled
certain lands for her life upon Margaret,
sister of William Ambrose and wife of
Ralph Pilkington; ibid. no. 1738. The
remainders were to Robert and Richard,
sons of Ralph.

41 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 104 ;
the socage rent of 6j. 3^. is named. He
also held the chapel croft and parcel of a
tenement called Catholes of the Knights
Hospitallers by izd. a year. A deed of
1478 names Ralph as living in 1475 ;
he had sons Robert (the heir) and Wil-
liam ; Towneley MS. DD, no. 2157.

Dame Margaret's dower was agreed
upon in 1476; GG, no. 1862, 1906.
The widow was living in 1479 ; no.
1924.

42 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no.
33 ; this estate is described as twenty
messuages, 60 acres of land, 5 acres of
meadow, 2 acres of wood, and 10 acres of
moss, of the clear annual value of 20
marks.

*» Towneley MS. GG, no. 1701, 1737.

In 1478 his grandfather Alexander's
feoffee released to Robert son of Ralph
Pilkington all his right in Rivington and
Mellor ; no. 1670. A short time after-
wards Robert himself made a feoffment
of all his lands in Rivington; no. 1757.
An award also was made in a dispute
between him and William son of Wil-
liam Anderton ; no. 1801, 1744, 1906.
Oliver Hilton and his son Roland released
lands in Rivington and a rent of 9*. to
him in 1480; no. 1861. In 1483 he
was summoned by the Archdeacon of
Chester to answer certain complaints ; no.
2043. Edmund Lathom of Ridding Chapel
was in 1486 bound to an arbitration as
to his dispute with Robert Pilkington ;
no. 1965. Two years later a similar
arbitration was agreed to respecting land
in Kilchurch in Rivington claimed by
John Shaw; no. 1951. William Orrell
in 1508 delivered to Robert two boxes of
evidences ; no. 2042.
' 44 His narrative of the long struggle —
from 1478 to 1501 — is printed in the
Hist. MSS. Commission's Various Collec-
tions, ii, 28-56. In the earlier year
named ' Sir John Savage came into Lan-
cashire and took Robert Pilkington pri-

soner in the night, and carried him to
Macclesfield in Cheshire, where he was
grievously fettered and was threatened to
be put to death unless he would yield his
right to Mellor.' In spite of this open-
ing the narrative is chiefly one of the
law's delays.

45 Towneley MS. GG, no. 1864 ; the
marriage was to take place by August,
1476.

46 Ibid. no. 1 68 1, 1986; also Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 10. Only a
messuage and 60 acres of land were re-
corded. A certificate of good character
was given to Elizabeth daughter of Robert
Pilkington in 1 507-8 by the vicar of
Bolton ; Towneley MS. GG, no. 203 1^

*1 James Pilkington was born about
1520 ; educated at Cambridge ; B.A., and
fellow of St. John's College, 1539; B.D.
1550. With other Protestants he fled to
the continent on the accession of Mary,
and lived at Zurich, Basle, Geneva, and
Frankfort until her death. He then
returned to England and was quickly
appointed on the committee for revising
the Common Prayer Book and on
the Commission of Visitors of the
University of Cambridge. The master of
St. John's College being deprived for his
adherence to the Roman religion Pilking-
ton was made master and Regius Pro-
fessor of Divinity (1559). At the end of
1 560 he was made Bishop of Durham;
he obtained the restitution of the lands
belonging to the see, but had to pay over
£1,000 a year to the Crown as compen-
sation. At the Northern rising in 1569
he was in London, and the queen did not
allow him to profit by the forfeitures
which followed on its suppression, his
claim, in right of his Palatinate, being set
aside 'for that time.' Nevertheless he
was not only able to found Rivington
School, but to provide handsomely for his
daughters ; he was indeed regarded as
very penurious, and left the buildings of
the see in ruins. He promoted his four
younger brothers. He died at Auckland
23 Jan. 1575-6, and was buried there
without ceremony, and then in Durham
Cathedral on 24 May following. His
published works have been reprinted by
the Parker Society (1842), with a bio-
graphy and list of works ; there are letters
also in the same society's Zurich Letters,
i, 222, 286 and Parker Carres. 221 ;
these show him to have been of the ex-
tremer and more ardent class of Pro-
testants. In his statutes for Rivington
School he ordained that the master should
be ' a hater of popery and superstition,'
and that the scholars should be taught in
Calvin's Catechism and Institutes. There
are biographies in Diet. Nat. Biog. ,• Baker,

289

Hist. ofSti John's College (ed. Mayor), i,
146-51 (with the epitaph), 248 ; Cooper,
Athen. Cantab, i, 344, 563 ; Low, Dur-
ham (Dioc. Hist.), 227-31 ; White,
Elizabethan Bishops, 163-7.

Leonard Pilkington, D.D., his brother,
adopted the same ecclesiastical principles ;
he was fellow of St. John's, Cambridge,
in 1545 ; ejected for religion in 1554, and
became an exile ; returned to be reinstated
in his fellowship and was appointed master
on his brother's resignation in 1561. His
patronage of the extreme party among the
Protestants led to great disorders, and he
resigned in 1564. His brother promoted
him to benefices and a prebend in his
diocese. He died in 1599, and left some
books to his college. See notices in Diet.
Nat. Biog. ; Baker, op. cit. i, 152-6 ;
Athen. Cantab, ii, 268, 550.

John Pilkington, another brother, was
Prebendary and Archdeacon of Durham j
Athen. Cantab, ii, 358, 553.

Lawrence Pilkington, another brother,
was also beneficed in the diocese of
Durham.

Francis Pilkington, another brother,
had in 1560 a lease of the manor of
Millingtcn in Yorkshire granted by St.
John's College for twenty years ; Baker,
op. cit. i, 385. He was steward for the
bishop.

48 Towneley MS. GG, no. 1989-93 ;
it is stated 'that Richard Pilkington of
Rivington and his ancestors have been
lords of the waste and commons of Riv-
ington, and also have herbage or else a
yearly rent therefor of all the inhabitants-
of the said town, and also have had all
manner of mines upon the same.' For
later divisions of the waste see Lanes, and
Ches. Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
ii, 274-5.

49 Towneley MS. GG, no. 1686, 1952;,
the marriage was to take place before
30 Nov. 1504.

80 Ibid. no. 1672. The rent shows this
to refer to the Hospitallers' lands. The
date of death is taken from the Rivington
family picture. One of the Towneley
deeds, however (GG, no. 1977), is a grant
of dower in 1547 by George Pilkington
to his mother Alice ; the date is probably
erroneous. Richard appears to have added
to the family possessions by purchases in
Heath Charnock, &c. ; but as in previous
cases only a small part of his estate
appears in the inquisition. In 1521 he
enfeoffed Thurstan Tyldesley and others
of his manor of Rivington and lands in
Heath Charnock, Walton-le-Dale, and
Croston ; GG, no. 1948. About the same
time he allowed one Piers Bradley to
make a waingate through a parcel of land
called Little Rivington in the occupation!

37

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

was of full age.81 The fortunes of the family were
declining, and after the death of George's son and
heir Robert in 1605," the estates were sold.

SEAL OF RIVINGTON SCHOOL, 1566

The arms are those of Bishop James Pilkington,
who bore Urgent a cross patonce voided gules, on a
chief vert three suns or, impaled ivith the cross and
lions of the bishopric of Durham,

The Pilkington manor was purchased in 1611 by
Robert Lever of Darcy Lever and Thomas Breres of
Preston.53 The former, who died in 1620, left his

moiety of the manor and Old Hall, with appurtenances,
to his younger son Robert, a great benefactor of Bolton
School.54 Dying unmarried Robert's estate went to a
son of his elder brother James, a third Robert Lever.55
The new possessor lived on till 1688, when by his
will his lands, &c., in Rivington, Heath Charnock, and
Walton-le-Dale went to his daughter Jane, who had
married John Andrews of Little Lever in I648.56
Their heir was their son John, whose son and heir,
also John Andrews, purchased the other moiety of the
manor in 1729."

This second moiety descended from Thomas Breres,
who died in i6i7,53 to his son Thomas. On his
death in 1673 Thomas Breres was followed by his
brother John, a clergyman, sometime incumbent of
Chorley.59 The Breres family lived at Rivington,
and several stones bear the initials of William Breres,
the son and heir of John, and his wife Martha, show-
ing their alterations in the hall buildings. William
died in 1723, and his son John sold his moiety of the
manor in 1729, as stated above.60

After their purchase the Andrews family seem to
have removed from Little Lever to Rivington.61 John
Andrews, the purchaser, died in I743,63 and was suc-
ceeded by his daughter Abigail, wife of Joseph Wilson
of Bolton. In 1765, in default of issue, the estate
reverted to the male line, the heir being Robert
Andrews, grandson of Abigail's uncle Robert. The
new owner pulled down the old hall and built the
present house. On his death in 1793 the manor
descended to his eldest son Robert, who died un-
married in 1858, then to the younger son John, who

of Piers' brother Henry Bradley ; Towne-
ley MS. GG, no. 1713.

For the family picture above mentioned,
showing Richard Pilkington, his wife and
children, see the account of the church,
infra. There are prints of it in the works
cited.

81 The New Hall in Rivington and its
appurtenances, except the church and
churchyard and the water-mill, and mill
hill were in 1 544 granted by Richard
Pilkington to George, his son and heir,
and Anne his wife at a peppercorn rent ;
ibid. no. 1724. A settlement of the
manor of Rivington and lands in Riving-
ton, Heath Charnock, and Walton-le-
Dale was made in 1579 by George Pilk-
ington and Anne his wife ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 41, m. 203. George
appears to have purchased four messuages
and lands in Rivington and Heath Char-
nock in 1569 from Christopher Anderton
and Dorothy his wife ; ibid. bdle. 31, m.
53. In 1590 George Pilkington appears
as a plaintiff ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
iii, 225. A little later, in 1596, he gave
lands, &c., in Walton-le-Dale to his son
and heir Robert ; Towneley MS. GG,no.
1722. He died soon afterwards.

52 Robert in 1601 mortgaged the manor
and other estates to William Bispham, of
London, who took possession the follow-
ing year and held it till Robert's death on
'17 Nov. 1605. The manor of Rivington
was found, as already stated, to be held of
the kirtg in socage by 6s. T,d. rent. The
heir was Robert's brother James, and
sisters {Catherine and Alice were living ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 151-3.

53 In July, 1611, by fine Robert Lever
and Thomas Breres secured from the
executors of Robert Pilkington's will and
James his heir, the manor of Rivington,

and messuages, lands, water-mill, dove-
cote, &c., in Rivington, Walton-le-Dale,
and Heath Charnock ; Pal. of Lane. Feet
of F. bdle. 79, no. 7.

A survey of the Old Hall estate, made
in 1610, is printed in Irvine, Rivington,
158-60. The New Hall was then in the
possession of Katherine Pilkington, sister
of Robert and James ; a water corn mill
and kiln was let at a rent of £1, six days'
' shearing ' and five boon hens ; ' a fair
inn, with a fair new barn, stables, and
other necessary buildings,' brought in a
rent of 1 5$., and four days' shearing was
due. Chief rents were received as follows :
The heirs of Adam Bradshaw, 8<f. ; of
Robert Birkenhead, -id. ; of William Riv-
ington, a barbed arrow ; of Roger Broad-
hurst, 3<£ ; of Robert Shaw, id. ; of
Richard Knoll, ^d. ; and of Roger Riv-
ingt«a, nil. The extent of the demesne
was 80 J acres, to which 10 acres inclosed
from the common had been added ; the
other tenements comprised 155 acres.

A survey made in 1627 is printed
ibid, i 6 i.

84 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 255-6. His will is printed
in Irvine, Rivington, 161-3 > he De"
queathed 40*. a year to ' the wages of a
preacher to be hired at Rivington.'

To the subsidy of 1622 there con-
tributed 'for lands' Robert Lever and
Ellen Breres ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 152.

85 Robert Lever's will is printed ibid.
1 66-8 ; it does not provide for the descent
of Rivington. For the Lever pedigree see
Dugdale's Vint. (Chet. Soc.), 186.

66 Irvine, Rivington, 39-41, 177, where
an abstract of his will is given ; also of
that of his wife Frances, dated 1694. John
Andrews was a captain in the Parliament's
army during the Civil War, and one of

290

the elders of the Bury Presbyterian
Classis; ibid. 50, and Shaw, Bury Classis
(Chet. Soc.).

8? Irvine, Rivington, 50, 51.

88 Ibid. 41. An abstract of his will ii
given ; he also left 401. a year towards a
preacher for the church of Rivington.

59 For the will of John Breres see ibid.
178.

«» Ibid. 41-3, 48-50.

In 1657 a fine was made between John
Breres, clerk, and Thomas Breres touch-
ing a moiety of the manor of Rivington ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 160, m. 20.
From the will of John Breres, clerk, the "
younger, made and proved in 1667, it
appears that he was the purchaser, and
had demised it for fifty years after the '
death of his uncle Thomas, subject to
provisions for redeeming it ; Irvine, op.
cit. 173. In 1657 a John Breres was
appointed to be minister of the chapel of
Heapey ; Plund. Mins. Accts. (Rec. Soc,
Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 201. The younger
John was son of the elder, and was ad-
mitted to St. John's College, Cambridge,
as a sizar in 1655, being then over eigh-
teen years of age ; he had been at school
at Burnley ; Admissions St. Jubn's Coll. i,
121. In the hearth tax of 1663 he paid
for three hearths while Thomas paid for
one only ; Irvine, op. cit. 47.

Thomas Breres' will is printed, ibid.
1 74 ; he left the hall of Rivington, &c.,
to trustees, and mentions his brother John
Breres. An abstract of John's will is
given ibid. 48.

For the Andrews and Crompton tenure
see Irvine, op. cit. 51, 52, and the pedigree
in Baines, Lanes, (ed. Croston), iii, 230 ;
also Local Gleanings Lanes, and Cbes. ii,
240.

62 His will is given by Mr. Irvine, op.
cit. 185.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

died in 1865, and afterwards to John William
Crompton, grandson of their sister Hannah Maria,
wife of Robert Fletcher of Liverpool, whose daughter
Lucy in 1834 married Woodhouse Crompton.

In 1900 Mr. Crompton sold his interest in the
manor and his estate in the township, including 2,100
acres of land, to Mr. William Hesketh Lever, of
Thornton Hough in Wirral. Mr. Lever laid out
about 360 acres as a park for his native town of
Bolton. In 1902 the Corporation of Liverpool
sought to buy all the land to preserve the purity of
the Rivington water supply, and ultimately succeeded ;
they own the soil of the park, but have to main-
tain it.

RlflNGTON HALL is said to have been originally a
wood and plaster building in the form of a quadrangle,
inclosing in its centre a square court and approached
by an open gateway.63 No part of this timber struc-
ture, however, remains, though the quadrangular plan
is still retained with an open side on the east. The
house seems to have been partly rebuilt in stone at the
end of the 1 7th, or beginning of the i8th century,
though it is possible that the timber building did not
extend to more than one portion of the whole. The
north wing of the present building is of stone and
bears on the lower parts of the wall to the courtyard,
which has several built up low mullioned windows, a
stone with the date 1 700 and initials WBM [Wil-
liam Breres and his wife Martha (Gill)], while over a
doorway on the west side of the court are the initials

W B (William Breres) and the date 1694. The
upper parts of both these wings have been rebuilt in
stone in later times. The greater part of the house
was pulled down in 1774 by Robert Andrews, who
built the present west front, a substantial two-story
structure, in red brick with a pediment. The date of
erection and the initials of Robert Andrews are on
the spout heads. The south wing is a later igth-cen-
tury addition also in brick. On the stable buildings
to the east of the house are two door heads, one dated
1713 with the initials WBMI (William and Martha
Breres and their son John), and the other 1732 with
the initials IAA (John Andrews and Abigail Crookes
his wife).

On the north-east of the hall is a very fine old barn
105 ft. 8 in. in length, divided into seven bays by six
pairs of massive crucks standing on stone bases, vary-
ing in size from 10 in. to 15 in. by 18 in. to 20 in.
The width of the main span is 25 ft. 6 in., but
* aisles ' have been added in a recent restoration mak-
ing the total width of the building at present
57 ft. 6 in. The timbers are now wholly exposed, new
exterior stone walls having been erected during the
restoration, porches added in the north and south
sides, and the whole re-roofed with stone slates. The
barn is now used as a place of refreshment in connex-
ion with Lever Park.

The Hospitallers had lands in Rivington.64
Among the families occurring in the early deeds and
pleadings are those of Rivington,65 Broadhurst,66 Knoll,67

68 Introduction to ' Statutes of Riving-
ton School,' by Rev. Joseph Whitaker,
1837, quoted by Irvine, Rivington, 124.

64 Lanes. Inj. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 105 ;
held by Ralph Pilkington in 1476. Cat-
holes, part of the land, lies to the north
of the church, between Dean Brook and
the reservoir. Richard Pilkington held
it by the same rent of izd. in 1540 ;
Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84.

The expression ' church land ' in a
charter of Cecily de Worsley (Towneley
MS. GG, no. 1673) may refer to the
Hospitallers' estate.

65 Some deeds of this family have been
quoted in previous notes. From the
survey of 1610 it appears that William
Rivington held by the rent of a barbed
arrow. His estate is thus identified with
part of that called the Street in Char-
nock, held by Alexander Waddington at
his death in 1622 ;. Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii, 339-341.
The place gave a name to the Street
family about whose possessions there were
some violent proceedings in 1533 ; Duchy
Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii,
60-69.

One of the earliest Rivington charters
is a grant by Simon de Rivington to
William de Burnhill of a part of Winter-
hold (Winter Hill), in the northern part
of the township ; the bounds mention
Tunstead End, the Hoarstones, Winter-
hold Pike, Armshead, and the Deane ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1818. Again, a
Roger de Rivington gave to Hugh son of
William de Worthington all his part of
Winterhold, the bounds again naming
Winterhold Pike ; ibid. no. 1974.

Nel son of Geoffrey de Brun and Isabel
his wife released to Cecily widow of Roger
de Worsley land in Rivington called
Winterhold ; ibid. no. 1659 ; Irvine,
op. cit. 155. Cecily was the daughter of
William de Rivington, and she granted a
fourth part of Knolleshalgh (Knowlshaw)

to Adam son of Robert son of Dorant ;
the bounds mention Caldwell by Wil-
liam's house, Whernstonescliff, Frith
Brook, Rivington Pike, Standing Stone,
Cringlebrook, and the foot of the cliff;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1673 ; Irvine,
op. cit. 156. She was probably the
mother of the Alexander son of Cecily
already mentioned, living in 1327 and

I336-

66 The Broadhurst estate is probably
the eighth part of the manor subse-
quently held by the Shaw family ; Irvine,
Ri-vington, 5, 22. Robert de Broadhurst
in 1277 claimed common of pasture in
Rivington against Robert del Knoll ; As-
size R. 1238, m. 34 d. Roger de Broad-
hurst in 1279 complained that Richard
de Heywood and others had broken into
his house at Rivington ; De Banco R. 30,
m. 84 d. Roger son of Roger de Broad-
hurst took action in 1301 against Roger
de Broadhurst and others, concerning
messuages, &c., in Rivington ; but the
case was deferred through an error in the
writ due to a blunder by the scribe ;
Assize R. 419, m. 9. In the following
year Roger de Broadhurst unsuccessfully
claimed 80 acres of moor and pasture in
Rivington and 131. $d. rent against
Richard de Pilkington, Adam de Hey-
wood, and others ; Assize R. 418, m. 2.
Roger was again a plaintiff in 1313, re-
specting land he had demised to Richard
de Hulton for a term ; De Banco R.
20 1, m. 64 d.

William de Broadhurst contributed to
the subsidy in 1332 ; Exch. Lay Subs.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), 31 ; he
was a defendant in 1347 ; Assize R.
1435, m. 1 8. It appears that William
was a son of Roger de Broadhurst ; in
1327 a settlement of his estates was
made on William and his wife Ellen,
with remainder to Richard de Hulton ;
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1663. From a
document cited in the text it appears

291

that Richard de Hulton was already in
possession of an eighth part of the manor.
This deed may therefore refer to a part of
his estate lying in the Hulton lordship.
The surrender of lands to Alexander de
Pilkington, already quoted (GG, no.
1704), may have preceded the grant by
Pilkington to Hulton. The heir of
Roger Broadhurst, however, paid a chief
rent of ^d. to the Pilkingtons in 1610.

From a suit in 1506 it appears that a
William Broadhurst in 1390 settled his
lands on his daughter Ellen and her issue
by Robert son of Thomas Bradshaw,
their descendants being the plaintiffs
Robert Banastre and Hugh Eccleston.
Ellen, however, had another husband,
Richard Bulhagh, and another settlement
was made by her father, in virtue of which
John Shaw held the estate in 1 506. There
had been an arbitration about the succes-
sion in 1440 ; Duchy Plead. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 33-6.

6? Simon, son of Henry de Knoll, mar-
ried a Godith, and they had a son Roger;
thus Thomas de Coppull granted the
Hanging Load in Rivington to Simon
son of Henry de Knoll and his wife
Godith ; the bounds began at Tunstead
Brook, and passed the land of Roger son
of John de Broadhurst ; Towneley MS.
GG, no. 1933 ; Simon de Knoll and
Godith his wife made a grant to Roger
their son ; no. 1799 ; and Roger son of
Simon de Knoll granted to his mother,
Godith de Broadhurst, a fourth part of
his land of Anderton Carr between Tun-
stead Brook and Baxstondene water ;
no. 1910. Roger and Godith appear to
have surrendered their lands to Richard
de Pilkington (no. 1662, 2052), who
granted Broadhurst to Godith again ; no.
1918. Alicethe widow of Roger claimed
dower in 1324 (De Banco R. 257, m.
I36d.), and held it in 1341 ; Towneley
MS. GG, no. 1896. Other members of
the family are mentioned in the deeds t

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Gamelsley,68 :ind Unton.69 The only freeholder
named in 1600 was Robert Pilkington, who was a
justice of the peace,70 but other names occur in the
inquisitions,71 and several are described as yeomen
in the Protestation List of 1641-2." From the
returns of the hearth tax of 1663 it appears that the
hall, the largest house, had only four hearths ; there
were three houses with three hearths, and seven with
two.73

In 1 796 the executors of Mr. Andrews paid nearly
a third of the land tax.74 At the appropriation of the
tithe rent-charge in 184.5 the estate of Robert
Andrews was 1,777 acres> of which only 70 were
cultivated as arable ; moor and waste lands occupied
a little more than half the whole, while the demesne
was 200 acres.

Great House Farm is a two-story stone-built house
with mullioned windows and stone-slated roof, erected
probably in the middle of the I7th century. The
principal front faces east, and has a small gable, and
there are two dormer gables on the west side. The
building was extended northward about the end of
the same century or beginning of the 1 8th, and a
further extension in the same direction but on a
different axis (swung round to north-east) is probably
* the house newly erected on the Great House Farm,'
leased to the master of the Grammar School in ij6j.™
North of the house are the remains of a fine old
barn recently restored and used as a tea-house for
excursionists, but reduced to three bays in length,
carried on two sets of crucks measuring 9 in. by 20 in.
on stone bases, with a span of 22 ft. The barn, which is
now only 42 ft. in length, was apparently at one time
of much greater size ; like the Old Hall barn it is a
very fine specimen of ancient timber construction and
has been similarly restored, with a west porch and side
aisles, which have increased its width to 48 ft. 9 in.
The outer walls have been rebuilt, and the roof newly

covered with stone slates. A short wing with a gable
facing south was added on a date subsequent to the
original building,76 but this appears to have been
removed during the restoration. In the west gable

A

is preserved an old stone with the initials

TAR

(Thomas, Alice, and Robert Anderton) and date 1 702,
probably the year of an extension or rebuilding of
the outside wall.

' The south end of New Hall Farm, containing a
fine large chimney-stack and a spiral stone staircase,
is possibly as old as the beginning of the 1 6th century,
while the interior oak and plaster partitions look even
older. On the east side of the house, over a loft now
used for hens, on a portion of the building which is
clearly later than the south end, is the date 1642.' 77
The church of HOLT TRINITY is
CHURCH situated on abrupt rising ground com-
manding a fine view westward over the
reservoirs and the country beyond. It is a plain
stone building of little or no architectural in-
terest consisting of a chancel 1 3 ft. 6 in. long by
1 5 ft. 6 in. wide, nave 55 ft. 6 in. by 27 ft. 6 in.,
and south porch. The latter is a modern addi-
tion built in front of the old south-west door of
the nave, and a small vestry has also been added out-
side a corresponding door on the north side. The
walls are of sandstone in uneven courses, with large
quoins, many of which measure 3 ft. 6 in. in length,
and some at the west end over 5 ft. The roofs are
covered with modern green slates, and finished with
overhanging eaves, and the coping of the stone gables
has been renewed in recent times. At the west end
is an octagonal stone bell-turret on a square base, with
conical roof and good 18th-century cock vane, carried
out partly in front of the wall on corbels.

The present structure appears to be a rebuilding,
about 1666, of the 16th-century chapel of Richard

Robert son of Hugh, Towneley MS. GG,
no. 1817; Richard son of John (1316), no.
1914, &c. Adam de Knoll in 1 347 held half
a messuage by charter of his father Roger,
on Adam's marriage with Alice daughter
of Roger de Tonge ; Assize R. 1435, m.
1 8. Thomas Knoll and Robert his son
and heir in 1564 surrendered a rent of 6s.
in Rivington to James son and heir of
Christopher Anderton ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 26, m. 36. Christopher
Anderton of Lostock died in 1592 hold-
ing lands in Rivington of George Pilk-
ington ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi,
no. 41. The heirs of Richard Knoll in
1610 paid T,d. chief rent to the Pilking-
tons' successors.

68 Gamelsley appears to have been in
the south-western corner of the town-
ship, and is now covered by the reservoir
and filter beds. Richard son of Richard
de Gamelsley has been mentioned above.
Roger de Gamelsley granted to William
his eldest son, on his marriage with Mabel
daughter of Thomas de Ridleys, all his
lands in Rivington ; Towneley MS. GG,
no. 1740. Two persons named William
de Gamelsley contributed to the subsidy
in 1332; Exch. Lay Subs. 32. Thomas
.de Gamelsley of Rivington in 1367 made
a feoffment of his lands ; Towneley MS.
GG, no. 1870. By 1442 the lands of the
.above-named William de Gamelsley had
descended to Robert Unton ; they in-
cluded a messuage called the Knoll and
other lands ; no. 1739, 1740.

w Alice widow of John Unton of

Adlington made a settlement of her
lands in Rivington in 1405 ; no. 1782.
She was probably the heir of the Thomas
de Gamelsley of 1367. A Robert Unton,
who was the son of John and Alice,
made a grant of his hereditary lands to
Thomas and Hugh his sons in 1455 ; no.
1889. In 1458 Thomas son of Robert
Honkinson de Unton released to Robert
Unton all right to lands which the latter
had had from his father ; no. 1947 ;
while ten years later Isabel widow of
Robert Honkinson made a similar release
to the same Robert Unton ; no. 1959.

The custody of two messuages in
Rivington was granted to John de Unton
of Adlington in 1400, they being in the
king's hands by the outlawry of Anio ap
Ithel Moil ; a year later Robert the son
of John had them ; Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xl,App. 527, 529.

7° Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 246.

71 Leonard Asshaw of Shaw in Flixton,
who died in 1594, had land in Rivington;
the tenure is not stated ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xvi, no. n.

Between 1544 and 1549 Peter Ander-
ton claimed the Knoll in Rivington against
Thomas Asshaw ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), i, 168, 232; ii, 95. Leonard
Asshaw was plaintiff" concerning Moldes-
field in 1579 ; ibid, iii, 73. The estate
was sold to Robert Lever and Thomas
Breres in 1612 ; Rivington D.

The Bradshaws of Bradshaw held four
messuages and lands of the Pilkingtons

292

by a rent of 3^. yearly ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. vii, no. 33 ; ix, no. 31 ; xiii,
no. 39 ; also in a fine of 1578 (Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 40, m. 206), and
Survey of 1610 quoted above.

John Ruttor in 1540 made a settle-
ment of lands in Standish, Rivington, and
Heath Charnock ; they were purchased
by Geoffrey Walkden in 1562; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 12, m. 34; 24,
m. 132 ; 38, m. 122.

Ralph de Pilkington granted land in
Rivington to Edmund Crosse in 1468 ;
Rivington D. In 1580 John Crosse
and Alice his wife sold to Geoffrey Yate ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 42, m. 160.

7a The list is printed in full ir Irvine's
Ri-vington, 44-6.

73 Ibid. 47. The same work contains
accounts of the following houses in the
township ; The Old Hall, which has a
water-mill formerly used for churning,
123 ; New Hall, 128 ; Great House,
formerly owned by the Bulloughs, then
by the Shaws, who sold it in 1699 to
Thomas Anderton of Rivington, and now
the property of Mr. W. H. Lever, 126 ;
Brown Hill, 130 ; School Brow, formerly
the Andertons', 130 ; Moses Cocker's,
132; Ainsworth's Farm, 134; Ward's
Farm, 135 ; Higher and Lower Knoll?,
136 ; and Higher, Middle, and Lower
Derbishires, 138.

74 Land tax returns at Preston.
7s Irvine, Ri-vington, 127,

76 Ibid. 227.

77 Ibid. 129.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Pilkington. Many repairs have been carried out,
however, in recent times, and the building underwent
a thorough restoration about twenty-five years ago.78
The building externally has little architectural interest,
the work being of the plainest description, with no
plinth to the walls, and all the windows have cham-
fered jambs and mullions and plain heads without
hood-moulds. The chancel has a window of five
pointed lights with a transom at the east end under a
segmental head, and a three-light square-headed win-
dow on the north and south with round-headed
lights. The chancel arch is of two chamfered orders
dying out at the springing.

The nave has three square-headed windows of
three-lights on each side, the lights on the south being
round-headed, while those on the north are square.
Between the second and third windows from the east
on each side is a doorway, and there is a door at the
west end ; there is no west window. The roof is
divided into five bays by four original oak beams
which have recently been exposed by the removal of
a plaster ceiling. The roof of the chancel being lower
than that of the nave there is a small window over
the chancel arch.

An oak screen divides the chancel from the nave,
but only a small portion is original. It appears to be
of 15th-century date, and may have belonged to the
former chapel. The screen has four openings with
traceried heads on each side of the centre space,
buttressed posts and embattled top. The pulpit,
which is of oak and semi-octagonal and plain, stands
on a stem against the north-east wall of the nave. It
is probably of 16th-century date, and is a very good
specimen of the \vork of the period, each side having
two linen-pattern panels, and with an embattled and
carved cornice. There is a good 18th-century
chandelier. The rest of the fittings are modern, the
old square oak pews having been taken out some years
ago and modern benches substituted. The organ is
at the west end above the entrance. Over the north
door is a copy of a curious genealogical painting relating
to the Pilkington family,79 and there are brasses to

John and George Shawe of Anglezarke (died 1627
and 1650).

To the west of the church stands a small stone
building measuring 13 ft. 8 in. by 12 ft. 6 in. outside,
called the bell-house. It is supposed to have been
built originally to receive the great bell purchased in
1542 from the church at Wigan, which is said to have
weighed ' 1080 poundes.' ^ The structure has been
re-roofed and is now used for storage purposes. The
Wigan bell has disappeared, and there is now one
modern bell in the west gable turret. The oldest
gravestone is dated 1616, and there are some with
very good raised lettering.

The plate consists of a silver chalice of 1799, a
large plated paten with inscription : ' The Rev. John
Fisher, minister, William Latham, chapel warden
1788,' and a plated flagon, probably of the same date.

The original registers begin in 1730, but there are
copies (made in 1834 'from a register book much
decayed ' ) of all the entries of baptisms and burials
from 1702 down to 1730. The marriage registers
begin in 1745.

The stone ends of the stocks are still in position in
the parsonage garden, the ground having been taken
in from the village green.

A chapel of ease was built at
4DVOWSON Rivington some time before the
Reformation,81 and was rebuilt or
restored by Richard Pilkington about i^o;83 this
was probably claimed or purchased by him, and, as
above stated, was considered his property in 1 5 5 i .8S
In 1566, however, it was made parochial.84 The
Pilkingtons early became Protestant, and service
appears to have been maintained in the chapel.85 By
1650 some small endowment had been secured,86 and
in 1718 the income was £28.^ The net annual
value now is £340. The incumbents are elected by
the inhabitants. The following is a list : —

oc. 1620 Robert Worthington M
oc. 1635 Edmund Shaw89
oc. 1 64 1 Robert Dewhurst M

78 Croston, Historic Sites of Lanes, and
Ches. (1883), 146.

'9 The original picture, which measures
53 in. by 35 in., was considerably damaged
by fire in 1834. A careful copy had been
made, however, in 1821, and from it the
copy now in Rivington Church was made
in 1835. The remains of the original
painting are now in the possession of Col.
John Pilkington of Wavertree. See Ap-
pendix to Fergusson Irvine's Rivington,
where a full account of the picture, sup-
plied by Col. Pilkington, is given. It
was originally placed in the Grammar
School, but subsequently removed to the
church.

80 Irvine, op. cit. 64. Mention is made
of the building in the Inq. p.m. of Robert
Lever, 1621, where it is called 'domus
campanarii.'

81 The ' chapel croft ' is named in a
deed by Margaret Pilkington and her son
Robert in 1476 ; Towneley MS. GG, no.
1726. This croft is also named in 1478,
and was apparently part of the Hospital-
lers' land ; Lanes, Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 105. In a petition of 1628 it was
asserted that the people of Rivington,
Anglezarke, Hempshaw, and Folds built
a chapel ' upon a little toft and quillet of
land ' where divine service was celebrated

'for many years of antiquity;' Raines,
Chant. (Chet. Soc.), ii, 261. On the
division of the waste in 1536 an allot-
ment was made to 'the use of a priest
at Rivington chapel for evermore;'
Towneley MS. GG, no. 1993.

83 His building of it is asserted on the
family picture. In the petition referred
to in the last note it is stated that Richard
Pilkington induced Bishop Bird to con-
secrate the chapel on ii Oct, 1541, the
fee being £5. Queen Elizabeth, in sanc-
tioning the foundation of the grammar
school, also ordained that the chapel
should continue in use, and that baptisms,
marriages, and burials should be per-
formed there, the election of a ' discreet,
learned and fit chaplain or minister'
being left to the inhabitants.

The priest in charge in 1541-2 was
William Bradley ; Clergy List (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 13.

The chapel seems to have been well
provided with ' ornaments," judging from
the list of those remaining in 1552 ; -the
books were ' a mass book, an English
Bible, and a manual.' It seems to
have been considered parochial, and is
called a church ; Ch. Gds. (Chet. Soc.),

37,38.

For a description of the church m

293

1869 see Glynne, Lanes. Churches (Chet.
Soc.), 96.

83 See his inquisition cited above.

84 See a preceding note.

85 Henry Croston's name as curate
appears in the Visitation List of 1563,
but it is crossed through, so that he left
about that time. There is no name
entered in the list of 1565. The un-
named curate in 1590 was 'no preacher*
(S.P. Dom. Eliz. xxxi, 47), but about
1610 Rivington was reported to be 'well
supplied with ministry ' ; Hist. MSS.
Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 1 1.

86 Robert Lever and Thomas Breres
had each endowed it with £2 a year, and
' several well-disposed persons ' subscribed
^36 towards the endowment ; Common-
wealth Ch. Surv. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), 34-6.

8? Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 19 ; at that time the chapelry com-
prised Rivington and Anglezarke.

88 Tebay, Stat. of Rivington School,
77 ; quoted in Irvine, Rivington, 65.
In the latter work there is a full ac-
count of the church and curates, &c.,
pp. 53-89.

89 Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 112.

90 Irvine, Rivington, 46.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Thomas Blackburne 91

John Walker "

Ralph Nuttall9'

[Thomas] Abbott94

Samuel Newton 9i

Thomas Blackburne (restored) M

Samuel Newton 97

? John Walker98

John Battersby, M.A.99

Joshua Dixon, B.A.100

Andrew Gray I01

John Waddington, B.A.10* (Trinity Coll.

Camb.)
William Walsh, M.A.103 (Brasenose Coll.

Oxf.)

John Fisher, B.A.104 (Peterhouse, Camb.)
William Heaton, B.A.105 (Queen's Coll.

Oxf.)

James Jackson 106
Thomas Sutcliffe lor
William Ritson, M.A.108 (Pembroke Coll.

Camb.)

Nonconformity dates from the Restoration. The
principal inhabitants adhered to the Presbyterian
system, and though the minister was ejected from the
church he is said to have returned to it after a short
interval, and it seems to have remained practically in
the hands of the Nonconformists for many years.
Some separate meeting-place appears to have been
used also, and in 1693 Thomas Anderton of Great
House gave £100 or a rent-charge of £$ los. a. year
for the endowment of the minister. Ten years later
the present chapel was built ; it contains a monument
to the Willoughbys of Parham, who were concerned
in its erection. Unitarian doctrine gradually pre-
vailed in the latter part of the i8th century, and the
building is now a recognized Unitarian Chapel.109

The grammar school was founded in I566.110

oc. 1647
1648
1649
? 1654
1657
1662

oc. 1674

1686

oc. 1701
oc. 1725
oc. 1728

1755

1763
1813

1823
1856
1879

ANGLEZARKE

Andelevesarewe, 1202 ; Milafosharh 1212 (an error
of transcription) ; Anlauesargh, 1225 ; Anlewesearche,
Anlawesaregh, 1246; Alaseharghe, 1288; Aneles-
argh, Anelesaregh, Anlesarath, Anlesaragth, 1292 ;
Anlaghesarghe, 1302 ; Anlasargh, 1351 ; Anlazarghe,

1559-

The greater part of this township is a high moor-
land area, a spur of the eastern hills 1,000 ft. high
projecting into the centre, from which point the sur-
face descends to the north, west, and south. The area
is 2,793 acres,1 and the measurement about 2^ miles
from east to west, by something less than 2 miles
across. The greater part of the western border is
occupied by one of the reservoirs of the Liverpool
Waterworks, formed in 1847-57 ; the Yarrow reser-
voir, to the east, was formed in 1868-77. The
population in 1901 numbered 93.

Almost the only road is that along the western
border from Rivington to Heapey. There is no
village of Anglezarke, but a hamlet called White Cop-
pice lies in the north-west corner, and another called
Hempshaws in the south-east.

There are numerous quarries, worked and disused ;
the stone is largely used for road-making. Lead mines
were formerly worked here.2 There is a cotton-mill
at White Coppice.

The moors abound with grouse.

In 1 666 only twenty-five hearths were liable to the
tax. Robert Shaw's house, with five, was the largest.*
The earliest record of ANGLEZARKE
MANOR shows that it was a dependency of the fee
or barony of Manchester, and that Albert
Grelley the younger 4 gave 2 oxgangs of land — appa-
rently the whole of it — to Robert son of Henry de
Lathom to hold by annual rent of 3/.5 The Lathom
family and their successors, the Stanleys, Earls of

91 Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), i, 8-10,
&c.j ii, 213 ; there were various charges
against him of want of ordination, neg-
lect of his charge, kneeling down on
coming into the desk and pulpit, keeping
' profane company,' &c.

99 Ibid, i, 42, &c.; ii, 265 ; afterwards
of Newton Heath.

93 Ibid, i, 99, &c. : ' a godly, orthodox,
and painful minister," according to the
Commonwealth Ch. Surf, of 1650 (p. 35).
He removed to Stretford.

94 Bury Classis, ii, 148, 149, 205.

95 Irvine, Ri-vington, 73. He was
ejected in 1662.

96 Bury Classis, ii, 214.

9< It is possible that he continued to
minister as a Nonconformist, with the
connivance of the bishop and others in
authority ; see Irvine, op. cit. 74. For
his will, ibid. 175.

98 Newton died in 1682, and his suc-
cessor, according to Calamy, was the
foregoing John Walker, a Presbyterian,
ejected from Newton Heath in 1662 ;
ibid. 76. He is said to have died in 1684,
and to have had a son John, also a minister
in Rivington ; see his will, ibid. 181.

99 Ibid. 77 ; he does not occur in the
visitation lists of 1691 and 1696, so that
his stay was very brief.

100 Ibid. 77 ; he had been curate of
R:nelev.

101 Ibid. 78 ; previously vicar of Mot-
tram, Cheshire.

102 Ibid. 79.

"8 Ibid. The Church P. at Chester
begin with him.

104 Ibid. In 1778 he reported that
there were in his parish, out of sixty-eight
families in all, twenty-seven families of
Presbyterians (one a gentleman, viz.
Andrews), one Quaker, four families of
Methodists, and none of other denomina-
tions. There was an unlicensed meeting-
house.

los Irvine, Ri-vington, 81.

106 Ibid.

107 Ibid. 82 ; there was a contested
election, accompanied by much unseemly
conduct, and it was thought better to ask
the bishop's nomination at the next
vacancy.

108 Ibid. 82.

109 A full account, with a view and a
list of the ministers and description of
the monuments, is given in Mr. Irvine's
work, 90-111; see also Nightingale,
Lanes. Nonconf. iii, 81—98. There is a
library, begun in 1821. Some efforts
of the Methodists are narrated in the
latter work, 97.

110 End. Char. Rep. for Bolton, 1904,
ii, 31 ; a summary of the statutes made
by Bishop Pilkington, the founder, is
given. These statutes were also printed
by Mr. Septimus Tebay, then head
master, in 1864. Since 1875 the school
has been the Rivington and Blackrod
Grammar School. See also Irvine,

294

Ri-vington, 112-22. A list of the first
scholars is printed in Tebay's Statutes, and
in Col. Pilkington's Pilkington Family ;
see also Local Glean. Lanes, and Cbes.
ii, 107. The school library is described
in Old Lanes. Libraries (Chet. Soc.), 189,
106.

1 The Census Rep. of 1901 gives 2,792,
including 167 of inland water.

2 A description of the lead mines in
1789 is in Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc.
Manch. iii, 598.

For a dispute as to the lead mine in
1694-5 see Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv,
App. iv, 356, 380.

8 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

4 Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 58 ; the date of
the grant is between 1162 and 1180. In
the Manchester Extent of 1322 the
tenants of Anglezarke were among others
in the upper bailiwick charged with pro-
viding food and lodging for the master
Serjeant ; Mamecestre (Chet. Soc.), ii,

374-

s Inq. and Extents, loc. sup. cit. In
1202 an oxgang of land in Anglezarke
was assigned as dower to Amabel, daugh-
ter of Simon, by Richard de Lathom; and
in 1224 the 2 oxgangs in Anglezarke
were included in a grant of Richard de
Lathom to Simon de Grubbehead ; Final
Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,
11,45.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Derby, down to about 1600 continued to hold it6 by
the same tenure, and it was described as a manor.

The priory of Burscough held land in the township
by grant of Robert son of Richard de Lathom.7 The
Hospitallers also had lands there.8

The Standishes of Duxbury held lands of the Earls
of Derby,9 and in the ijth century and later their
estate is called the manor of Anglezarke, they having
purchased the Stanley rights.10

With other parts of the Standish of Duxbury estates
it was in 1898 purchased by Mr. Percival Sumner
Mayhew, but has recently been acquired by the Cor-
poration of Liverpool in order to protect the Rivington
water supply.11

Other families that occur are the Anglezarkes,12
Bulloughs,13 Shaws,14 Broadhursts,15 and Willises.16

George Shaw of High Bui lough was a benefactor of
the poor of the district.17

LOSTOCK

Lostoc, 1212; Lastok, 1279; Lostok, 1292, and
generally; Lostoke, 1301 ; Lostock, Lostocke, xvi cent.

Lo.tock township stretches over 2 miles from east
to west, and has an area of 1,520 acres.1 It lies be-
tween higher lands to the north and south, and through
the slight depression flows the Croal eastward. The
boundaries appear arbitrary, except for the Red Moss
which separates it from Blackrod, and a brook tribu-
tary to the Croal which divides it from Heaton. The
principal hamlet is Chew Moor,* in the south-east
corner ; another is Lostock Hall Fold, near the centre
of the northern border, where a suburb of Bolton is
growing up. The population was 85 2 in 1901.

The township was included in the borough and
township of Bolton, by the Extension Act of 1898,
and thus ceased to exist.

6 In 1246 Robert de Lathom was
among the defendants in a claim for land
which the plaintiffs alleged to be in Riv-
ington ; the jury decided it was in Angle-
zarke ; Assize R. 404, m. 9. In 1302
Adam son of William de Sidale claimed a
messuage and lands in Sidale in Angle-
zarke against Robert de Lathom and
others, mostly Lathom people; but Robert
adduced a quitclaim by the plaintiff ; As-
size R. 418, m. 9 d.

Robert de Lathom in 1320 held Angle-
zarke of the lord of Manchester by 3*.
rent and puture ; Mamecestre, ii, 290.

la 1334 Sir Thomas de Lathom,
Thomai de Thornton, Robert del Bul-
halgh, and William de Anderton were
convicted of having disseised Richard son
of Adam de Rivington of common of
pasture in Anglezarke ; Coram Rege R.
297, m. 94. For grant of free warren see
Cal, Pat. 1338-40, p. 396. Thomas de
Lathom had in or before 1343 leased
* Bronuleshol ' and other lands in Angle-
zarke to Hugh de Swinley and Roger his
son at a rent of 301. ; John de Swinley
was the previous tenant ; Add. MS.
32106, no. 1179. Messuages and lands
in Anglezarke were included in a settle-
ment of the estate of the younger Sir
Thomas de Lathom in 1376 ; Final Cone.
ii, 190.

In 1473 Thomas Lord Stanley held
the lordship of Anglezarke with its
appurtenances of the lord of Manchester
by rendering puture, suit of court, and a
rent of 3*.; Mamecestrf, iii, 478. Thomas,
Earl of Derby, in 1521 also held the
manors of Childwall, Rainford, and
Anglezarke of the Lord La Warre by
fealty and the rent of 3$. ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. v, no. 68. A similar statement
is made in the inquisition after the death
of Ferdinando, Earl of Derby, in 1595 ;
Add. MS. 32104, fol. 425*. Anglezarke
does not appear again among the Derby
manors, so that it was probably sold about
that time.

An account of the receipts during the
minority of Edward, third earl, in 1523-4,
shows that the free tenants — James Bul-
halgh, Lawrence Ash, and Thomas Broad-
hurst — paid 15*. id. ; the tenants at will,
including John Lascelles for the capital
messuage called Sidale, paid £8 2s. %d. ;
the mine of lead and the delph of mill-
stones had not produced any profit, but a
new rent of 2O<?. had arisen from a water-
mill on the Blake Brook, erected by the
tenant at his own expense, and that tim-
ber had been supplied from the lord's
wood. No courts had been held. The

y. rent had been paid to Lord La
Warre. Broadcarr, Lee, Lowfield, Elms-
haws, and Getelinghurst were field
names ; Derby Rent Roll in possession of
the Earl of Lathom.

7 Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxvi, App. 204;
also Burscough Reg. fol. 50. The grant
was made between 1232 and 1240. The
land was called Swinleyhurst, on the
northern border. Prior Benedict and the
canons afterwards granted Swinleyhurst to
Randle de Heapy and his heirs at a rent of
31. ; Randle had held under the Lathoms.
The bounds went along the Shaw of Lede-
warden, the cliff, the deepest part of the
carr, Swinley Syke to the west part in
Whithenley Brook, Ledewarden Brook as
it divides Anglezarke and Wheelton, and
so to the starting point. The easements
included mast in the wood of Anglezarke,
fuel, and timber for building ; ibid. fol. 27.

In 1278 Peter de Heapy was nonsuited
in his claim for common of pasture in
Anglezarke against Robert de Lathom ;
Assize R. 1268, m. 12 d.

8 Plac.de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 375.
Sir Thomas de Lathom, who died in

1370, held tenements in Anglezarke of
the Hospital of Jerusalem, paying i2d. a
year ; they were worth £6 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. ii, no. 7, and another ver-
sion in Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 17.
The land in Anglezarke was perhaps
held about 1540 by Lord Mounteagle,
who held the Hospitallers' land in Black-
rod. Roger Asshaw, who died in the
year named, held two messuages, &c., in
Anglezarke of Sir Thomas Stanley, Lord
Mounteagle, by a rent of ioJ. ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. viii, no. ii.

9 Inq. p.m. Thomas Standish, who
died in 1599; the lands were held in
socage by fealty only ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. xvii, no. 54. This estate was
probably that of Burscough Priory, derived
from the Heapy family. Some disputes
between the Standishes and Tootells are
referred to in Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.),
ii, 248; iii, 150,385.

10 Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iii, 397, 400 ; Alexander Standish
held the reversion of the manor after the
death of Alice, Countess of Derby. She
was widow of Ferdinando, the fifth earl,
and died in 1636. The manor of Angle-
zarke is regularly named in the Standish
of Duxbury settlements ; e.g. Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 104, no. 10 ; 155,
m. 165, &c. In 1706 the manorwasthe
subject of an agreement between Sir
Thomas Standish and Sir Thomas Stan-
ley and his wife Margaret, mother of the

295

former Sir Thomas ; ibid. bdle. 257, m.
6 1 ; in addition to the manor there were
twelve messuages, two water grain mills,
and lands including 1,400 acres of furze
and heath, Sec.

11 Information of Mr. Mayhew.

12 John de Anglezarke and Roger son
of John de Anglezarke were engaged in
various suits respecting their tenements
in 1292 ; Assize R. 408, m. 57, 10 d.

A pedigree in Kuerden MSS. I. fol. 74^
connects the Bulhalgh family with the
Anglezarkes.

18 Robert son of Roger de Bulhalgh wa»
a plaintiff in 1351-2 against Sir Thoma*
de Lathom and Roger de Chisenhale (Chis-
nall) respecting lands in Anglezarke ;
Duchy of Lane. Assize R. r, m. 2.

Richard Bulhalgh and Thomas Shaw
were in 1538 tenants of the Countess of
Derby ; Due hy Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 94-5.

The name is spelt Bolehalgh in 1334.

14 John Shaw of Anglezarke was a re-
cusant in 1619 ; Mancb. Quar. Sess. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 82. Robert
Shaw, 'gent.,' headed the protestors in
Anglezarke in 1641-2; W.F.Irvine,
Ri-vington, 46, where the full list is
printed. There was also George Shaw,
'yeoman,' the benefactor. John rnd
George Shaw were sons of Lawrence
Shaw of High Bulhalgh, as appears by
their monuments in Rivington Church ;
ibid. 84, 85. A pedigree was recorded in
1664 ; Dugdale, Vint. (Chet. Soc.), p. 262.

15 Henry de Broadhurst had land in the
township in 1447 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R.
7, m. 6 b. The Earl of Derby in 1559
purchased three messuages, &c., from
Oliver Broadhurst : Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 21, m. 18.

16 Thomas Willis in 1694 appears to
have acquired lands in Anglezarke, &c.,
formerly belonging to Thomas Ain-
scough, clerk ; Exc h. Dep. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 84. Land in the
same place was included in a settlement
by Daniel Willis and Anne his wife in
1732 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 310,
m. 85.

V End. Char. Rep. for Bolton, 1904, pp.

25, 4Z-49-

1 1522, including 7 of inland water,
according to the Census Rep. 1901.

a Elizabeth Leigh complained that she,
being a tenant of William Hulton, had
put her oxen to graze on Lostock Moss,
alias ' Chow More,' and that the bailiff of
Andrew Barton had driven them away ;
Pal. of Lane. Sessional Papers, bdle. I,
temp. Hen. VIII.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

The principal road is that crossing the township
near the centre to join the roads from Bolton to Hor-
wich and from Bolton to Chorley, on the north and
south respectively. The Lancashire and Yorkshire
Company's line from Bolton to Preston runs west
through the centre, and the same company's line from
Bolton to Wigan crosses the south-east corner.

In 1666 William Yate had to pay the tax for
twenty hearths in Lostock Hall ; there were only
thirty other hearths in the township liable, and no
house had more than three hearths.3

During the 1 2th century LOSTOCK
M4NOR was with the adjoining Rumworth a mem-
ber of the Manchester barony, and the
two were by the younger Albert Grelley given to
Thomas de Pierpoint as the third part of a knight's
fee. Together they were assessed as three plough-
lands, Lostock by itself being one.4 Richard de Pier-

point, the heir of Thomas, held both in 1205,* and
probably in 1212 ; he was a benefactor of Cockersand
Abbey.6 Afterwards they descended to Thomas de
Pierpoint,7 who was twice married ; by his first wife
Margery he left a daughter Alice, and by his second,
Margaret, a son and heir Richard and a daughter
Ameria. Richard succeeded his father, but died
without issue; whereupon Ameria, wife of William de
Anderton, claimed as sole heir of her brother, the
elder sister, being only of the half blood, not having a
share.8 The Hultons succeeded.9 Their inheritance
was afterwards divided ; 10 Lostock became a manor of
the Athertons of Atherton,11 and was sold by Sir John
Atherton in 1562 to Christopher Anderton.12

The new owner, son of Lawrence Anderton, was a
lawyer.18 In religion he went with the times, at least
externally, being engaged in making a great fortune ;
but his wife adhered to the Romish faith.14 He died

8 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

* Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 55 ; the date lies
between 1162 and 1180. Lostock like
Rumworth continues to appear among the
Manchester manors until the beginning of
the i 7th century.

6 Richard de Pierpoint occurs in tlie
Pipe Roll of 1177-8; probably he was
the heir of Thomas ; Farrer, Lanes. Pipe
R. 38. The same or a later Richard, as
tenant, in 1205 surrendered to Robert
Grelley 40 acres of wood in Lostock and
Rumworth, for which he received a gold
ring ; Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 24 ; Curia Regis R. 33. The
name of the tenant in 1212 is not re-
corded, but Richard de Pierpoint was one
of the jury ; Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 2.
He also had a portion of Ince near Wigan;
ibid. 74.

6 His grant included 'all the buildings
of Robert the Clerk of Lostock,' and the
bounds were marked by crosses and other
signs ; the Blacklache and the Gnat Brook
are named ; Cockersand Cbartul. (Chef.
Soc.), ii, 716.

7 Richard de Pierpoint held it in 1242 ;
Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 154. Thomas
de Pierpoint occurs in 1254 ; ibid. 193.

8 This statement of the descent is
given in a plea of 1283 and 1285 by the
elder daughter Alice ; and again in one of
1314, by which Richard Smult and Alice
his wife claimed a moiety of the manors
of Lostock and Rumworth, Alice being a
daughter and heir of Thomas de Pier-
point who was seised in the time of
Edward I. The defendant was Ameria,
the other daughter and heir, wife of Wil-
liam son of William de Anderton, and
later of Robert del Birks ; De Banco R.
50, m. 4d ; 60, m. 70 ; 206, m. 232.

Richard son of Thomas de Pierpoint
•was defendant in 1276 ; Assize R. 1238,
m. 31. As early as 1282 William son of
William de Anderton and his wife Ameria
were in possession of the manors ; Lanes.
Inq. and Extents, i, 248. In 1288 a
settlement was made of the manor of
Lostock by William and Ameria ; it was
to descend to the latter's heirs ; Final
Cone. \, 164.

At a somewhat earlier date, 1279,
William de Anderton claimed a messuage,
two mills, two plough-lands, and two ox-
gangs in Lostock and Rumworth against
Robert Grelley and Alexander de Pilking-
ton, both parties claiming under a demise
by Thomas de Pierpoint ; De Banco R.
28, m. 38 d ; 30, m. 34. The other four

oxgangs were probably held in dower, for
in 1292 Cecily wife of John de Bradshaw
had dower in Rumworth ; Assize R. 408,
m. 9 ; while in 1313 Margery wife of
Stephen de Hamerton and widow of
Robert de Cunliffe, the feoffee of 1288,
claimed dower in both manors ; De Banco
R. 204, m. 98. William de Anderton
was still tenant in 1302 ; Lanes. Inq. and
Extents, i, 314.

9 By fine in 1310 Ameria, widow of
William de Anderton acknowledged the
manors to be the right of Richard de
Hulton, for which he granted them to
Ameria and her issue ; in default to re-
vert to Richard and his heirs ; Final Cone.
ii, 4. The meaning seems to be that
Ameria, having no children, sold the
manors of Lostock and Rumworth to
Richard ; possibly Richard was her nearest
kinsman.

Ten years later Richard de Hulton was
found to hold the third part of a knight's
fee in Rumworth and Lostock by homage,
fealty, and suit of court, worth 35. \.d. a
year ; paying 41. 6d. sake fee and 3*. 6J.
castle ward, and giving puture of the ser-
jeants and foresters ; Mamecestre (Chet.
Soc.), ii, 288. Lostock, as one plough-
land, contributed a third of the services,
and the puture was commuted into an
annual payment of 161. ; ibid, ii, 377.

10 Rumworth became part of the estate
of the Hultons of Farn worth, as may be
seen in the account of that township.
They continued to hold lands in Lostock
also. John Hulton died in 1487 holding
a messuage, 40 acres of land, &c., in Los-
tock of the lord of Manchester by services
not known to the jurors ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. iii, no. 26. In the case of
William Hulton, who died in 1556, the
lands in Lostock were regarded as appur-
tenant to the manor of Rumworth, the
old service of the third part of a knight's
fee and 4*. 6d. rent being recorded ; ibid.
x, no. 32. The Hultons in 1 588 and later
years appear to have sold all or most of
their lands in Lostock and Rumworth by
degrees to Christopher Anderton and his
son James ; see Anderton of Lostock Evi-
dences (Stonor deeds), no. 49-54, 65 ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 51, m. 17.

11 The origin of the Athertons' estate
is not clear. In 1353 Sir William de
Atherton and Henry del Halgh were
shown to have disseised Thomas son of
Margery de Bury of the manor of Lostock
in Rumworth. It was found that Wil-
liam son of Alan de Atherton had held
the manor, and had granted it to Alex-

296

ander dc Atherton for life, then to Roger
de Atherton and his issue male, in default
successively to Hugh, John, and Thomas,
sons of Roger ; the inheritance at last
coming to Thomas son of Roger, other-
wise son of Margery de Bury, who re-
covered his seisin ; Assize R. 435, m. 29.

The ' manor of Lostock ' held by the
Athertons in 1414 was the estate of
Cockersand Abbey, in which they seem to
have succeeded the Lostock family, hold-
ing it by the old rent of izJ. ; Sir Wil-
liam Atherton held two-thirds in the year
mentioned, and Margaret the widow of
Robert Atherton held the other third, the
total value being £12 ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Chet. Soc.), i, 107 ; Cockersand Chartul.
loc. sup. cit. Though this estate may have
given the title of manor, the Athertons
also held about two-thirds of that part of
Lostock which was held of the barons of
Manchester, for in 1473 out of the sake
fee of 180". John Atherton of Atherton
contributed nd. and also did suit to the
court of Manchester, &c.; Mamecestre, 480.
In the inquisition after the death of John
Atherton, who died in 1488, the Cocker-
sand estate is not mentioned, and he is
stated to have held the manor of Lostock
and lands in Rumworth and Heaton of
Sir Thomas West, Lord La Warre, as of
his manor of Manchester, by fealty and
the rent of lid. ; the clear yearly value
was £10 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii,
no. 39. Similar statements are made in
the later inquisitions ; ibid, v, no. 12 ; viii,
no. 40.

12 Anderton Evidences, no. 16-19, 21 5
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 24, m. 96.
The sale included the manor of Lostock
alias Lostock Hall, and messuages and
lands in Lostock, Rumworth, and Hea-
ton, with water-mill, dovecote, &c. The
manor was included in a settlement made
in 1583 ; ibid. bdle. 45, m. 25.

18 The parentage of Lawrence Anderton
is not known, but in the marriage settle-
ment of 1583 the remainders, after Chris-
topher's issue and the heirs of his father
Lawrence, were to William Anderton of
Anderton and Peter his brother, and then
to Anderton of Clayton ; Pal. of Lane.
Plea R. 255, m. 7-9; Anderton Evi-
dences, no. 46. Similar remainders were
ordained in 1592 ; ibid. no. 64.

For an account of the family, see T. E.
Gibson, Lydiate Hall, 49-83, 165-6.

14 Lydiate Hall, 57-8, where is quoted
the statement of one George Dingley, a
priest who turned informer : ' Mrs. An-
derton of Lostock, is lately [1592] a

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

at Lostock 5 May 1592, holding the manors of
Lostock, Heaton-under-Horwich, and Tyldesley, and
messuages, mills, and lands in
these townships and many
others in South Lancashire.
James Anderton, the son and
heir, was thirty-five years of
age.15 He was * backward in
religion,' and 'his wife a re-
cusant.'16 He obtained the
rectories of Eccles and Deane."
He had no children, and his
estates on his death in 1613
passed to a younger brother
Christopher,18 who died in
i6i9.19 In 1615 the two-
thirds of Christopher's manors
and lands sequestered for his recusancy were granted
by the king on lease to Patrick Malde and Henry
Gibb.*° In the inquisitions cited the manors and
lands in Lostock, Heaton, and Horwich are not
distinguished, the whole being held of the lord of
Manchester in socage by a rent of 22s. id. ; the
knight's service had been placed upon Rumworth
alone.11

Early in the I yth century a secret printing-press
at Lostock Hall issued a number of Roman Catholic
books, devotional and controversial. It was after-
wards removed to Birchley, near Wigan.11

ANDERTON of Lostock.
Sable three shacklebolti
argent, a mullet or for
difference.

Christopher Anderton left a son and heir of the
same name, who was nearly twelve years of age at his
father's death, but had already been married to Agnes
daughter of John Preston, of the same age as himself."
Three years later the heir went to Douay, but stayed
less than eighteen months, being 'not inclined to
study.' " On the outbreak of the Civil War he, like
others of the old religion, espoused the royal cause,25
but appears to have grown tired of it, and was im-
prisoned for refusing to act for the king ; he then fled
into Wales and escaped to France. His estates were,
however, sequestered by the Parliament ' for popery
and delinquency,' and he had not regained possession
at his death on 7 July 1650. His widow Alethea
and the son and heir Francis also petitioned the Com-
monwealth authorities.*6 Francis, having for the
time renounced his religion, had the estates granted to
him." He acquired the manor of Anderton in i668,28
and was created a baronet in 1677, and dying in
Paris the following year29 was buried there in the
chapel of the English Benedictines, St. Edmund's.30

Charles, the eldest son, in 1675 married Margaret
daughter and heir of Lawrence Ireland of Lydiate.31
After his father's death he resided at Lostock,31 and
his widow and then his son Francis continued there
till about 1715, when owing to the forfeiture the hall
ceased to be the family residence, and was partly taken
down a century later.33 The manor continued in the
hands of the Andertons and Blundells of Ince till

widow of great wealth. She heard my
mass and sermon at Lostock, and sent me
money to her son James ' ; from S.P. Dom.
Eliz. cclxiii, 70.

14 Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xvi, no. 41.

16 Lydiate Hall, 250, quoting S.P. Dom.
Eliz. ccxxxv, 4. Being one of the Duchy
officials, and a farmer of outlaws' goods,
James Anderton must have conformed to
the statutory worship. He is stated to
have been reconciled to the Roman Church
by Fr. Holland, but the story is doubtful ;
Foley, Rec. S. J. v, 371 ; see Gillow,
Bill. Diet, of Engl. Catb. i, 32. The
informer above quoted stated : 'James
Anderton did at the same time [as his
mother] hear my mass and relieved me ;
he is of great living and I know not
whether he be put amongst the rest ; '
Lydiate Hall, 259, from S.P. Dom. Eliz.
cclxiii, 70.

V Anderton Evidences, no. 82-3, 90-2.
The family also farmed the rectory of
Bolton, of the Bishop of Chester ; Scholes
and Pimblett, Bolton, 109.

18 Lana. Inj. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), ii, 25. In this are recited the
jettlement of 1583, and a later one of
1611. James Anderton had in the former
year married Margaret daughter of Edward
Tyldesley of Morleys ; he had brothers
Thurstan, Christopher (his successor), and
Roger (of Birchley) ; Anderton Evidences,
no. 46, 64 ; Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 255,
m. 7. James Anderton had continued to
consolidate his estates in Lostock and
Horwich ; Anderton Evidences, no. 53-4,
6S> 67-8, 70, 76.

19 Lana. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), ii, 161. Estates acquired by
Christopher Anderton in Althorne in
Essex and Clitheroe and its neighbour-
hood are included.

Christopher was over fifty years of age
at his brother's death in 1613 ; ibid. 27.
He seems to have paid a flying visit to
Douay in 1586; \)ouay Diaries, 210—11.
In 1600 he married Anne daughter of

Edward Scarisbrook ; Anderton Evidences,
no. 80.

80 Pat. 1 3 Jas. I, pt. jucii.

81 Compare the account in Mamecestre,
480, where the knight's service appears to
have been considered due from Lostock
and Rumworth jointly (1473), and the
above-cited inquisition after the death of
William Hulton (1556).

88 J. Gillow, in Philips'* Old Halls of
L<»»«.63-8 ; Bill. Diet. ofEngl.Cath. i, 3 5-8.

88 Inq. p.m. of 1619 above referred to.
By this marriage he had a daughter Mar-
garet, who died unmarried. His second
wife wa§ Alethea daughter of Sir Francis
Smith of Wootton Wawen, and sister of
Sir Charles Smith, a zealous Royalist,
created Baron and Viscount Carrington in
1643 ; G.E.C. Complete Peerage ; Dugdale,
Vhit. (Chet. Soc.), 7.

84 Douay Diaries quoted in Lydiate Hall,
6 1. At the time he was in ward to the
king ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 1 60. In 1632 he paid £30 on refusing
knighthood ; ibid, i, 223. It appears that
in 1638 two-thirds of his estates were in
the king's hands for his recusancy ; Pat.
14 Chas. I, pt. xxxviii.

K Captain Anderton of Lostock, under
the orders of Lord Derby, led the unsuc-
cessful attack on Bolton in Feb. 1643 ;
.Civil War Tracts (Chet. Soc.), 83. He
with other recusants had in 1642 peti-
tioned the king to be allowed to take up
arms in his cause ; ibid. 38-9.

86 Roy. Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 36-54. The witnesses de-
posed that at the time of the battle on
Westhoughton Common in 1642 there
were armed men in Mr. Anderton' s house
at Lostock ; that he was at the battle of
Middlewich, assisting the Royalists, but
not, apparently, armed ; and that he had
acted as a royal commissioner at Liver-
pool, after the capture of the town in 1644.
Other witnesses deposed to the statements
in the text. The statement that he was
killed in the defence of Greenhalgh Castle

297

in 1645 is erroneous, as in Gillow, Bill.
Diet, i, 30.

*7 Cal. of Com. for Compounding, iii,2 1 26-
His mother was a consistent recusant, and
refusing the oath of abjuration was allowed
only a third of her estates ; she applied to-
contract for the remainder ; ibid. ; Roy.
Comp. Papers, i, 53. For the persecutions
they suffered from the Parliamentary
authorities, see Foley, Rec. S. J. iii,,
780-1.

28 Anderton Evidences, no. 131. He
also purchased Ladyhalgh in Anderton ;
ibid. no. 126, 139.

29 Lydiate Hall, 62 ; G.E.C. Complete
Baronetage, iv, 92. In 1654 Francis-
married Elizabeth daughter and co-heir of
Sir Charles Somerset of Troye, Monmouth^
when a settlement of Lostock and other
manors was made ; Anderton Evidences,.
no. 123 ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle.
156, m. 174. In 1664 he recorded the
pedigree quoted above at Dugdale's visita-
tion ; his own age is given as thirty-six,
and his son Charles's as seven. Francis,
one of his sons, became a Jesuit, and died
in 1723 ; Foley, Rec. S. J. vii, 10.

so Note of Mr. H. Ince Anderton, cit-
ing Weldon, Chronol. Notes, 216 ; N. an&
Q. (3rd sen), vii, 130.

81 Anderton D. no. 141. A settlement
of Lostock, Anderton, Heaton, Horwich,
Rumworth, and Horrocksford was made
in 1685 ; ibid. no. 143.

88 Lydiate Hall, 63. The will of Sir
Charles, made in 1691, mentions Dame
Margaret his wife, his son Charles, daugh-
ters Mary, Elizabeth, Ann ; brothers
Christopher, Francis, John; uncles Stephen^
Thurstan, and Bruno ; Anderton D. no.
146. A son James, also mentioned in the
will, was a Jesuit, and died at St. Omer's
in 1710 ; Foley, Rec. S. J. vii, 10.

Sir Charles was buried under the com-
munion table in Bolton Church, but no
monument was allowed by the authorities,
Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 157-8.

88 Lydiate Hall, 64.

38

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

1 8 10, when by the will of Henry Blundell the
Lostock estates were bequeathed to his daughters,
Katherine wife of Thomas Stonor of Stonor, and
Elizabeth wife of Stephen Tempest of Broughton.34
The estates were divided, and Lostock was joined
with Anderton as part of the Stonor share and
descended with it, but has recently been sold by
Mr. Charles Joseph Stonor.35 No manor is claimed.

The partition of the Lostock estates was made in
1819 under a private Act,35a but possession was delayed
by lawsuits until 1830. In 1821 John Anderton, a
publican of Colne, made claim to them, alleging that
he was heir under a settlement by Sir Charles Anderton
in 1685, by which there was a remainder to a brother
John. Plaintiff was brother of Francis Anderton (d.
1804) and son of a John Anderton, who was son of
the Rev. John Anderton (d. 1742), supposed by the
plaintiff to have been the brother of Sir Charles, and
to have been disinherited because he became a Protes-
tant. It was proved, however, that he was a son of
Stephen Anderton of Hardhill in Clitheroe, and
therefore a cousin, not brother, of Sir Charles.35b

Of Lostock Hall only the gatehouse remains. The
hall is described by Britton in 1807 as ' formed of
wooden beams and plaster. Over the entrance door
are the initials of the persons who lived here, with the
date when it was built, c A D 1563. Most of the
rooms are wainscoted with many panels.' The draw-
ing in Philips's Views of Old Halls of Lancashire and
Cheshire shows a half-timbered house with four
overhanging timber gables in the principal front, the
lower portion built in either stone or brick. Another
of Philips's drawings in the same book shows three
gables only, the large southern one having presumably
been destroyed. These sketches can, however, only
be relied on as giving a fair general idea of the
appearance of the house, as his drawing of the gate-
house is wrong in many particulars. The hall, which
had long been used as a farm-house, was partly pulled
down about 1816, and finally disappeared some eight
years later.

The gatehouse, which stood at some little distance
east of the hall, is still in existence. It is a stone
building of three stories with a staircase tower at its
north-west angle. Its main front, which is of ashlar,
faces east, and is about 45ft. in length and 33ft.
high, the depth from front to back being about
22 ft. 6 in. In the ground stage is a centre archway,
and above it in the two upper stages mullioned and
transomed windows of eight lights each, the archway
and windows being flanked on each stage by pairs of
widely-spaced columns. Those in the ground stage
are of the Tuscan order, and the others of the Ionic
and Corinthian orders respectively. Between each

stage are wide strings taking the form of cornice,
frieze, and architrave, and breaking out over the
columns, the cornices only continued as strings all
round the building. The detail of the whole com-
position is poor, but it shows a far more pronounced
Renaissance spirit than is usually found in this part of
Lancashire. The gateway is now built up and a
modern doorway inserted. There were originally no
windows on the ground floor, but two modern sash
windows have been introduced between the columns,
one on each side. Over the large window on the
first floor is a square panel with the arms of Anderton
surmounted by helm, crest, and mantling, and over
the second floor window is a similar panel with a
shield bearing the royal arms of Queen Elizabeth,
with the date 1591 and the royal initials E.R.
The upper cornice is crowned with a scalloped
parapet with traces of finials on the alternate crenals.
The frieze of the second order is ornamented
with hollow flutes, and the others are plain. The
other three sides of the building are faced with
thin coursed rubble. The west arch of the gateway
is also built up, but otherwise this face of the build-
ing preserves a good deal of its original appear-
ance, having six mullioned windows, the lower ones
with hood- moulds. On the south side the original
windows remain on the first and second floors, but
sash windows have been inserted on the ground story.
On the north side the original window on the ground
floor is built up, but those to the first and second
floors remain. The staircase wing at the north-west
corner is built of rough thin-coursed stones and has
its original windows ; but the top of the tower, which
formerly seems to have terminated in an octagonal
turret with conical roof, has disappeared, and it is now
finished with a plain pent roof from the level of the
upper cornice. The original chimney-stacks, too,
have disappeared, and have been replaced by plain
modern shafts. The roof is covered with lead. There
is a range of buildings beyond the staircase tower on
the north-west corner of the house extending west-
ward, but this was erected as late as 1810. The
gatehouse is now used as a farm-house, and the interior
has nothing of interest ; the original gateway, which
is 7 ft. wide, is thrown into the house, partly forming
an entrance lobby. On the frieze immediately over
the gateway was, till recently, a lead panel with the
initials s. F. A. and the date 1712, now nailed against
a wooden outbuilding on the south side of the house.
It measures i6in. by 1 2 in., and looks like the front
of a spout-head.

A portion of Lostock descended, with other Hulton
estates, to the Radcliffes and Bartons of Smithills in
Halliwell.34

34 Details of the descent will be found
in the accounts of Lydiate and Ince Blun-
dell. During the life of Sir Francis An-
derton, who died in 1760, the Lostock
estates remained in the hands of the Crown,
he having participated in the rebellion of
1715 ; Lydiate Hall, 80 ; Lanes, and Cbes.
Rec. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 173.

85 A large number of documents illus-
trating the descent of the manor will be
found in the Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.),
iii, fol. 418, &c.

35a 57 Geo. Ill, cap. 29.

85b Information of Mr. H. Ince Ander-
ton, citing Chancery proceedings 1800-42,
Sewell 271 — Anderton -v. Wilbraham.

The Rev. John Anderton had four chil-
dren : Francis (1730-1802), unmarried ;
John (173 3-76), named in the text ; Anne,
and Catherine (married — Duckworth).

86 Ralph de Radcliffe died in 1406 hold-
ing messuages, &c., in Lostock and Halli-
well, of Lord La Warre ; Towneley MS.
DD, no. 1504. In 1473 Ralph Radcliffe
held a parcel of Lostock of the lord of
Manchester, paying jd. as his share of the
sake fee, and joining with John Atherton
to pay the 14^. due for castle ward; Mame-
cestre ; iii, 480. Ralph Radcliffe died in
1485 holding lands in Rumworth, Los-
tock, &c., of Thomas Lord La Warre
by the rent of 12s. T,d. in all ; Duchy of

298

Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 12. The separate
service of jd. due from Lostock is stated
in the inquisition of his successors Andrew
and Robert Barton, who died in 1549 and
1580 respectively ; ibid, ix, no. 27 ; xiv,
no. 24. In 1612 the estate was described
as the capital messuage called the Moss
Hall, with demesne lands occupied with it,
&c., held of Sir Nicholas Mosley in socage
by a rent of 7^., and worth clear £5 5$. $d.
a year ; Lanes. Inj. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes,
and Ches.), i, 209, 211.

John Barton, the successor of Ralph
Radcliffe, granted, by his will in 1513, a
certain tenement in Lostock to one of his
feoffees, Richard Urmston, for life, 'in

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

In the early pleadings a family surnamed Lostock
occurs.37 In later times there does not seem to have
been any important freeholder except the Andertons
and their successors.38

Chew Moor was inclosed under an Act passed in

The Wesleyans have a chapel at Chew Moor. The
Moravians at one time had a station there.

A domestic chapel served by Jesuits was maintained
at Lostock most of the time the Andertons resided
there, and was used by the adherents of the Roman
faith in the district.40

BLACKROD

Blakerode, 1200, and commonly ; Blacrode, 1220.

The township of Blackrod extends for 3 miles from
north-west to south-east. The area is 2,388^ acres.1
The highest ground, about 520 ft., is near the centre,
where the church and village are situated. The
ground slopes away to the north-east and north-west,
the lowest ground being in the western corner. The
River Douglas and an affluent form the bounda-
ries on three sides ; the line of separation from West-
houghton appears to be arbitrary ; the Red Moss
occupies the eastern corner and divides Lostock
from Blackrod. Huyton or Highton lies on the
northern boundary, while Arley — famous for its coal1
— is the western part of the township. The popula-
tion in 1901 was 3,875.

The principal road is that through the centre of the
township, leading from Bolton to Chorley and Preston.
On its way north-west it passes the hamlet of Scot
Lane End, the village of Blackrod, and the hamlet of
Chauntry Brow. There are cross-roads leading to
Horwich and Anderton on one side, and to Aspull,
Haigh, and Standish on the other. The London and

North-Western and Lancashire and Yorkshire Com-
panies' joint line from Wigan to Adlington passes
along the north-west boundary, by which is also the
Lancaster and Wigan Canal. The Lancashire and
Yorkshire Company's line from Preston to Bolton
passes along the north-eastern boundary and has a
station at Blackrod, from which a line to Horwich
branches off; to the south another branch leads to
the Wigan and Manchester line, and has a station on
the boundary called Hilton House.

A fair is held on the Thursday after 1 2 July. In
1 804 there were horse races and a cock-fight at the
celebration.3

The soil is clayey, overlying clay ; wheat and
potatoes are grown. Co.d-mines have long been
worked and form the principal industry. There
were formerly bleach - works, and calico - printing
works. Bricks are made.

A vaporous sulphur spring existed at Arley.4

A local board was created in 1872,* and it provided
for the water supply and drainage of the township.6
In 1894 it was transformed into an urban district
council of nine members. Gas is supplied by a
private company. The cemetery, opened in 1886,
is controlled by the district council.

A castle is traditionally said to have stood in the
village.9 Some ancient dishes and candlesticks were
found at Arley in i8o3.10

In 1666 there were in all ninety-nine hearths
liable to the tax ; the two largest houses had five
hearths each.11

The manor of BLACKROD, rated at
MANOR I plough-land, was in the first half of the
1 2th century in the hands of William
Peverel, but escheated to the king in H53-11 About
1 190 it was granted by John, then Count of Mortain,
to Hugh le Norreys at a thegnage rent of 2O/. a

.recompense for his true, diligent, and
faithful service ' ; and land in Horwich to
the value of 401. for a time to enable James,
the son of Richard, to pursue his studies at
Cambridge, where he obtained a fellowship
at St. John's College in 1523 ; Duchy of
Lane. Inq. p.m. iv, no. 8z ; Baker, Hist.
St. John's Coll. (ed. Mayor), i, 282.

Roger Urmston of Lostock, who had a
son Richard, was living in 1556 ; Ander-
ton Evidences, no. 7.

In 1574 Robert Barton of Smithills
granted a lease of the same tenement to
Roger son of Richard Urmston for 301
years; ibid.no. 32. Richard, the father
of Roger, was still living, and had had a
mother, Janet ; Roger was unmarried and
had a brother James, and sisters Margery,
Anne, and Margaret.

Roger, son and heir apparent of Richard
Urmston, and Christian his wife, in 1594
arranged for the succession of his sons
Richard and James, with remainders to
the heirs of his sisters Anne, wife of John
Leigh, and Margaret, wife of William
Brotherton ; ibid. no. 70. These Urms-
tons were related to the families of West-
leigh and Kinknall in Culcheth ; Lanes.
Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), iii,

433-

Richard Urmston, the son, was in 1625
outlawed for felony, having stolen two
sheep. This endangered the lease ; but in
1635, Margaret, widow of Roger Urmston
of Lostock, and Thomas Anderton of
Horwich, made an assignment of the
lease, apparently for the benefit of a
»on John, and daughters Margaret and

Jane ; Anderton Evidences, no. in, 115.
Christopher Anderton appears to have
obtained the lease. Sir Thomas Barton,
as heir of the original grantor, appears to
have claimed the tenement in 1637, but
in 1652 it became the property of Francis
Anderton, who in 1668 transferred the
lease to his brother Christopher ; ibid. no.
118-19, 135. In this manner, apparent-
ly, the Bartons' estate passed to the
Andertons.

In 1 7 3 5, however, Moss Hall was owned
by Richard Clough, and another portion
of the estate was held by Ralph Pendle-
bury ; Scholes and Pimblett, Bolton, 149.

"7 In 1268 Richard de Lostock held the
Cockersand estate in the township at a
rent of i id. a year, and J mark at death ;
Cockersand Chartul. ii, 717. Annora and
Mabel, daughters of Roger de Los-
tock, in 1291 claimed a tenement against
Richard de Redvales ; Assize R. 1294,
m. 8 d. The next year Almarica and
Mabel, daughters of Roger de Lostock, ap-
peared against William son of William de
Anderton, respecting a messuage and land
in Lostock, which should have descended
to them from their grandfather Robert.
The defendant asserted that Robert had
granted them to his son Richard and put
him in seisin ; but the jury admitted the
right of the plaintiffs to part of the land,
including a place in which was ' the moiety
of a grange" ; Assize R. 408, m. 8 d.
Ellen, the widow of Roger, was non-
suited in a claim for dower ; ibid. m. 4.
Almarica and Mabel made further claims
in 1301; ibid. 1321, m. 5 d.

299

88 In the Land Tax Return for 1789
(at Preston) Henry Blundell contributed
more than half, the vicar of Bolton,
Robinson Shuttleworth, and Miss Clough
and others contributing smaller amounts.

89 47 Geo. Ill, sess. 2, cap. 26.

<° Foley, Rec. S.J. v, 320, 368-73.

1 The Census Rep. of 1901 gives 2,392
acres, including 22 of inland water.

2 The mines are not at present worked.
• T. Hampson, Hist, of Blackrod (1882),

64.

< Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1868), i, 581.

8 Land. Gaz. 9 July 1872 ; for borrow-
ing powers see an Act of 1869, 42 & 43
Viet. cap. 43.

6 Hampson, Blackrod) 66- 70.

9 The name is preserved. Alan del
Castel was a tenant of Hugh le Norreya
in 1283; Norris D. (B.M.), no. 1003.

In Hampson, Blackrod, it is stated that
a former vicar said : ' At this place the
remains of an ancient castle, the entrance
to which and the foss were plainly dis-
cernible within the memory of many who
are now alive (1846) . . . Many relics
were found in the field in which the
edifice was built. A key weighing ij Ib.
and a crown were found ' (p. 20).

10 Gent. Mag. Mar. 1803, p. 220.

11 Subs. R. Lanes, bdle. 250, no. 9.

la Lanes. Inq. and Extents (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 68, 121. Peve-
rel's forfeiture was the punishment of
compassing the death of Ranulf Gernons,
Earl of Chester, by poison ; Ormerod,
Ches. (ed. Helsby), i, 25.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

year.18 On coming to the throne John confirmed his
grant in the same terms,14 and in 1212 Hugh, called
' de Blackrod,' was returned as tenant.16 About 1217,
William, Earl Ferrers, was placed in possession,16 but
in 1 22 1 the title of Hugh le Norreys was acknow-
ledged.17 Hugh died soon afterwards, and in 1223
Hugh, his son and heir, became lord of Blackrod,18
and appears in 1226 as paying
the 2Os. rent.19

From Hugh the manors of
Blackrod and Haigh appear to
have descended to his brother
Alan, who in turn was suc-
ceeded by his son Hugh. A
number of suits between dif-
ferent members of the family
establish the succession, and „

— . j TT i BRADSHAGH. Argent

Show that Robert de Hoi- three mullets between two

land was also concerned in bendlets table.

the manor.10 The younger Hugh left a daughter
Mabel as his heir,*1 and she, having no children,
diverted the succession to her m^m ^ «^__
husband's family. Thus Black-
rod came into the possession
of Roger de Bradshagh of
Westleigh,** and descended
with the latter manor *$ till
the division of the Harrington
estates at the beginning of the
1 6th century." Of Blackrod
one portion was granted to
Henry Norris of Speke, who
appears to have been the heir
male of the family, and rejoiced
greatly to recover a part of the

NORRIS. Quarterly
argent and gules, in the
second and third quarters
a fret or, over all afesse
azure.

inheritance ; another part, with the advowson of the
chapel, to Richard Hoghton ; and a third share to
Sir William Stanley of Hooton." The Norrises in-

18 Norris D. (B.M.), no. 1002 ; the
seal is broken. Hugh le Norreys also held
the adjacent manor of Haigh in Wigan,
and in 1194 is called Hugh de Haigh;
Farrer, Lanes. Pipe R. 78.

14 Cal. Rot. Chart. (Rec. Com.), 26 ;
dated loOct. 1199. Hugh offered lomarks
and two chasours for this confirmation of
his charter; Lanes. Pipe R. 116. It
appears that the old rent of Blackrod was
only ioj. ; ibid. 127.

15 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 68.

16 Ibid. 1 2 1-2. William Ferrers mar-
ried Margaret daughter and heir of Wil-
liam Peverel, and their great-grandson
William, Earl Ferrers, was placed in pos-
session of all the Peverel lands soon after
the accession of Hen. Ill ; Rot. Lit. Claus.
(Rec. Com.), i, 318,414. In 1324 the
' Earl of Ferrers ' was supposed to be the
mesne lord of Blackrod ; Dods. MSS.
cxxxi, fol. 37^.

*7 Rot. Lit. Claus. i, 480.

18 He paid 10 marks for his relief, and
livery was ordered in May 1223 ; Excerpta
e Rot. Fin. (Rec. Com.), i, 103.

19 Lanes. Inq. and Extents, i, 133, 138.

20 In 1278 Margery widow of Hugh
le Norreys claimed dower in Blackrod
against Hugh son of Margery de Haigh
(i.e. no doubt Hugh le Norreys son of
Alan), and against Cecily daughter of
Hugh le Norreys and Robert le Norreys ;
Cecily and Robert called Hugh le Norreys
of Haigh to warrant them ; De Banco R.
24, m. 47 ; 27, m. 54 d. ; 28, m. 35 d. ;
Cal. Close, 1272-9, p. 557. The same
plaintiff appeared against Hugh and Henry,
sons of Alan le Norreys and Robert de
Holland, claiming dower in 30 acres of
wood ; but the jury found that she had
received 2 oxgangs for her third of the
wood, except pannage and bees, and the
claim failed ; Assize R. 1238, m. 33.

In another suit Emma daughter of
Hugh le Norreys claimed two messuages,
20 acres of land, &c., against Hugh le
Norreys, Robert le Holland, and Roger
Thunwath, when Hugh stated that his
uncle Hugh had died seised, and he, as
nephew and heir, had entered. The jury,
however, found that Hugh and Roger had
disseised Emma ; Robert de Holland was
not present ; ibid. m. 31 d.

About the same time inquiry was made
if Hugh le Norreys had held 87 acres of
land and 19 acres of meadow, &c., in
Blackrod, which had come to his brother
Alan's son Hugh le Norreys ; and the jury
found that the elder Hugh had enfeoffed

Alan son of Hugh le Norreys, Robert le
Norreys, Cecily daughter of Hugh le
Norreys, and Hugh son of Haynon (Anian)
le Waleys ; ibid. m. 33.

In 1280 Robert le Norreys and Cecily
daughter of Hugh le Norreys claimed a
tenement in Blackrod against Hugh le
Norreys of Haigh ; De Banco R. 34, m. 8;
R. 36, m. 55.

Hugh le Norreys in 1277 and 1283
made grants to his sister Emma and to
Robert, son of Alan le Norreys ; Norris D.
(B. M.), no. 1003-5. The seal shows
a fleur de lis, with the legend : + s'

HVGONIS NORRAIS.

In 1292 Margery widow of Alan le
Norreys (no doubt the Margery de Haigh
above named) was non-suited in claims
against Henry de Rockeley for dower in
certain lands, &c., in Blackrod. It was
alleged that Alan son of Hugh le Norreys
had granted them to the defendant and
his wife Ellen ; Assize R. 408, m. 5, 49 d.

For further details of Alan le Norreys
see the accounts of Speke, Sutton, and
Formby.

21 Final Cone. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), i, 185 ; ii, 9 ; settlements of the
manors of Haigh and Blackrod in 1298
and 1312 by William de Bradshagh and
Mabel his wife.

John de Chisenhale in 1301 and 1302
claimed common of pasture in Blackrod
against William de Bradshagh and Mabel
his wife ; Assize R. 1321, m. 10 ; R.4i8,
m. 13.

In 1312 William de Atherton released
to Sir William de Bradshagh all claim
upon the manor ; Norris D. (B.M.), no.
1006.

In 1317 William de Bradshagh, an
outlaw, was said to hold the manors of
Haigh and Blackrod of Robert de Holland;
Kuerden fol. MS. 52.

22 By fine in 1337 between Mabel,
widow of William de Bradshagh, and
William son of John de Bradshagh the
manor was settled on Roger son of Richard
de Bradshagh of Westleigh, with remain-
ders to his brothers Adam and Henry,
then to Richard, son of John de Brad-
shagh, and to Hugh son of Robert le
Norreys ; Final Cone, ii, 105.

The official returns seem to conflict
with this, for in 1324 Roger de Bradshagh
was stated to hold Blackrod for one
plough-land by the yearly service of 2OJ.;
while in 1346 Maud (Mabel) de Brad-
shagh, as heir of Hugh le Norreys, held
it in socage by a rent of zos. and the

300

usual relief; Dods. MSS. cxxxi, fol. $jb ;
Add. MS. 32103, fol. 146*.

The descent of this branch of the
Bradshagh family is given in the account
of Westleigh.

28 Henry son of Richard de Ince in
July 1351 recovered a rent of los. in
Blackrod, which he claimed against Roger
son of Richard de Bradshagh ; Duchy of
Lane. Assize R. i, m. 3.

Roger de Bradshagh in 1356 allowed
Hugh de Adlington and others to make
an attachment of water for the walk
mill in Adlington ; Norris D. no. 1008.
In 1367 Mabel, widow of Richard de
Kighley released to her father, Roger de
Bradshagh, all right in the manor ; ibid.
no. 1009.

In 1383-4 it was found that Hugh de
Bradshagh held two-thirds of the manor
by knight's service and 20*. rent ; Dods.
MSS. cxxxi.

In 1400 William son of Hugh de
Bradshagh made a settlement of the
manor, with the reversion of lands held
as dower by Margaret widow of Roger
de Bradshagh, and Margaret widow of
Hugh de Bradshagh. William's wife was
named Joan; Norris D. no. 1010, 1011.
A further settlement was made in 1414,
with remainder to Elizabeth wife of
Richard son of Sir James de Harrington ;
Richard and Elizabeth received a third
part of the manor ; Final Cone, iii, 72.
For the marriage covenant see Dods. MSS.
cxlix, fol. 33. Sir William de Bradshagh
died in the following year, and it was
found that he held Blackrod of the king
as of his Duchy in socage by the service
of 2OJ. a year ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. j
Soc.), i, 109-111.

24 It was found in 1445-6 that Sir
Richard Harrington held Blackrod in
socage, rendering 20*. a year ; he held it
by the courtesy of England ; Duchy of
Lane. Knights' Fees, 2/20. In 1483
Sir William Harrington held the manor.

Sir James Harrington held it at his
death in 1497 by the same service 5 its
clear annual value was 40 marks ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. iii, no. 40. The
estates became divisible among his daugh-
ters ; see Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 170.

25 The deed of partition (1507) is among
the Norris D. (B.M.).

Sir William Stanley and Anne his wife
were to have in Blackrod the messuages,
&c., occupied by Gilbert Taylor (Mitten
Greaves), and Alexander Vaces (Vaus) ; the

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

creased their estate in the township,*6 and their
'manor' is named in the ryth century.27 By this
time, however, the land had become much divided ;
no further notice of a manor appears in the records,
though the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres is called
the lord as heir of the Bradshaghs of Haigh, who in
turn inherited from the Hoghtons.*8

In the 1 6th century the principal resident family
was that of Hyton or Huyton, whose house was
called The Hall. They appear to have inherited
from a branch of the Norris family,*9 and their
estate was acquired by Edward Norris of Speke in
IS82.30

ARLEY was another ancient estate, held in 1393

rents amounted to 32*. with five capons
valued at zd. each.

To Richard Hoghton and Alice his
wife were given the tenements of Robert
Ormishaw, John Almon, Nicholas Huyton,
Henry Hodgkinson, Christopher Ain-
scough, Agnes Vaus, John Jackson, John
Taylor, Lawrence Jackson, Oliver Browne,
Nicholas Almon, Christopher Wood,
Nicholas Smith, Roger Caterall, and
Elizabeth Rigby. The total rents were
^15 6s. 4</., with sixty-seven capons and
four hens, and 1 6d. for ' average ' (from
one tenant). The advowson of the
chapel was included with this share.

Richard and Alice had a son and heir
Thomas, whose daughter and heir Jane
married Roger Bradshagh of Haigh, and
carried the inheritance to this family ;
Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xiv, no. 26.
The jury did not know the tenure of
Blackrod. Thomas Hoghton in 1561
made a grant of part of his estate in
Blackrod to Gabriel Hesketh of Augh-
ton ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 23,
m. 179 ; see also Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), ii, 227. Gabriel died in 1573,
holding the lands of the queen as of her
manor of Saltord, in socage by a rent
of 21.; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xii,
no. 32.

Sir Richard Hoghton, of Hoghton, in
1606 sold to Hugh Adlington a mes-
suage, water-mill, Sec., in Blackrod, lately
held by Richard Shireburne in right of
his wife Anne ; Add. MS. 32106, no.

753-

Henry Norris and Clemency his wife
received the tenements of James Barker,
Hugh Watmough, Nicholas Ainscough,
wife of Nicholas Heaton, Lawrence
Wood and Margaret Hodgkinson, Ewan
Vaus, Elise Haworth and John Vaus,
Henry and Hugh Vaus, John and Egyan
Holme, Gilbert Taylor, and James Cat-
terall. The rents were in all £ 1 5 141. 8d.
in money and thirty-six capons ; or
almost exactly the same as the Hoghton
share. From other deeds it appears that
Clemency Norris in her widowhood re-
sided at Park Hall in Blackrod ; thus in
1551, describing herself as 'of Park
Hall,' she made a lease to John Vause.
Her name appears in the subsidy roll of
154.1 ; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.),
i, 14.2. Sir William Norris's joy at the
recovery of this part of Blackrod through
his mother is expressed in his genealogical
account of the family preserved among
the Aston Hall D. (now in the British
Museum), and printed in Topographer and
Genealogist, ii, 363-73. Sir William states
that he and his cousin Hoghton paid t)s.6d.
each, the other is. of socage rent being
paid by the Stanleys.

26 Sir William Norris states that he
purchased a part of his cousin Hoghton's
land, and the whole of Sir Rowland
Stanley's portion ; Topog. and Gen. ii,
372. The Huytons' estate was after-
wards acquired.

27 Sir William Norris died in 1568
holding half the manor of Blackrod and
half a twentieth part of it of the queen
as of her manor of Salford in socage, by

a rent of IQS. 6d. for all services ; Duchy
of Lane. Inq. xi, no. 22. The manor of
Blackrod was included in a settlement
made by Sir William Norris in 1613 ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 81, no.
49.

From deeds in the Aston Hall collec-
tion it appears that Sir William Norris
sold a large part of his estate in 1608
and later years ; the occupiers seem to
have purchased their holdings. Edward
Norris, late of Speke, ' esquire,' who died
in 1627, held a messuage and land in
Blackrod of the king ; Towneley MS.
C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), 914. He was either
the younger brother or the eldest son of
Sir William, and left a daughter and heir
Margaret, twenty years of age.

28 Baines, Lanes, (ed. 1836), iii, 107 ;
this lordship probably represents the
Hoghton part of the manor. At the
same time the chief landowner was Sir
Robert Holt Leigh of Hindley Hall,
whose estate is now held by Mr. Roger
Leigh.

29 Hugh le Norreys about 1283 granted
to Robert le Norreys, probably a half-
brother, the fourth part of the Croft in
Blackrod (to be taken near the boundary
of Anderton), with acquittance of mul-
ture and hopper-free for his corn in the
grantor's mills of Croft and Arley. Sir
Henry de Lea, then sheriff, was a wit-
ness. The charter is endorsed 'For
Hyton's lands in Blackrod ; ' Norris D.
(B.M.), no. 1004. Another deed, dated
1277, describes the bounds as begin-
ning at Merestock, following the Black-
lache, which fell into the Douglas at that
point, to the middle of the wood between
Blackrod and Croft ; thence to Sidale
Clough, where it fell into the Douglas,
and so to the starting-point. Common
of pasture of Haigh and Blackrod was
allowed, together with pannage in the
woods of both manors, except the grantor's
park of Haigh. A yearly rent of id. was
to be paid ; ibid, no. 1005. Another
grant in 1283 by Hugh le Norreys to
Emma his sister seems to refer to a part
of the same land ; the rent was to be a
pair of white gloves or id.; ibid. no.
1003. Robert le Norreys was, as above
stated, a defendant in suits of 1278
respecting dower, &c., in Blackrod.

Robert le Norreys, perhaps the same
person, in 1322 made a settlement of his
estate in Blackrod and Adlington, with
remainders in succession to his sons Hugh,
Henry, Robert, John, and Roger ; Final
Cone, ii, 48.

In 1348 William son of Richard de
Penketh and Amice his wife claimed the
latter's dower in Blackrod against Hugh
son of Robert le Norreys, and John his
son ; also against Randle Starkie and
Margery his wife, and John the son of
Randle ; De Banco R. 355, m. 226.

The Huyton family may have been a
purely local one, or a branch of that of
Huyton near Prescot, and of Billinge.
They appear in Blackrod at the end of
the 1 5th century. In 1497 Nicholas
Huyton, who was son and heir of Wil-
liam Huyton and his wife Isabel or Eliza-

301

beth, made a deposition of his estate in
Blackrod, Longton, Hutton, Ashton, Gol-
borne, Abram, and Lowton, and in 1504
and 1511 made wills ; Hugh his son was
dead, leaving a widow Agnes ; Thurstan,
another son and heir apparent, was of
weak mind ; Richard and Thomas, other
sons, were living in 151 1 ; and there were
daughters Clemency, Margery, Ellen, and
Alice ; Towneley MS. CC, no. 667, 715,
716 ; Dods. MSS. Ixxxvii, fol. 148* ;
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xl, App. 545. In
1511 Nicholas seems to have married
Margaret sister of Henry Kighley ; or
else his son did so.

Nicholas Huyton died in 1527, his son
and heir Thurstan being then over forty
years of age. The lands in Blackrod
were held of the heir of Sir James Har-
rington by the rent of a pair of white
gloves or id. yearly ; Duchy of Lane.
Inq. p.m. vi, no. 53.

Though Thurstan was of ' faint wit '
he was married, and in 1 544 his son and
heir apparent Nicholas granted a lease of
a house in Abram ; William, another son,
is named in it ; Norris D. The younger
Nicholas was also short-witted ; he had
two sons, William and Hugh, and a
daughter Katherine, who married Ralph
Whitfield, and had a son David. William,
the above-named brother of Nicholas, had
a son William.

80 It appears that William, the son and
heir apparent of Nicholas, was murdered,
and that his brother Hugh was pressed
to death at Lancaster Castle on account of
the crime. On the morning of his execu-
tion Hugh Huyton conveyed all his lands
to Sir William Norris in trust for his
sister Katherine and her husband, though
the widow of William Huyton retained
possession for a time. Afterwards Edward
Norris of Speke acquired the lands from
the Whitfields. These transactions occu-
pied many years, from 1568 to 1582, and
full particulars are given in the Norris
deeds (B.M.) ; see also fines of 1563
and 1569, by which settlements of
the Whitfields' estate were made, and of
1582, by which Edward Norris secured
lands in Blackrod, &c. ; Pal. of Lane.
Feet of F. bdle. 25, m. 32 ; 31, m. 168;
44, m. 83 ; see also Ducatus Lane, ii,
243; iii, 115; Lanes, and Ches. Rec.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 253.
Edward Norris sold a messuage, &c., in
Blackrod to Arthur Finch in 1582 ;
Pal. of Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 44, m.

136-

Nicholas Huyton, the father of Wil-
liam and Hugh, complained in 1562 that
Ralph Whitfield and Katherine his wife,
the latter as heir of her brothers, had
obtained the deeds and entered into pos-
session of Blackrod Hall and the rest of
the estate ; they alleged a settlement
made in 1548 ; Duchy of Lane. Plead.
Iii, H, 5 ; Iv, H, 13. About the same time
Katherine widow of William Huyton
alleged that Sir William Norris and others
had in Oct. 1561 broken into Blackrod
Hall, which had been settled on her on
her marriage, and obtained possession of
certain deeds ; ibid, xlix, H, ii.

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

by William le Walsh.31 He was followed by a
Standish family.3Ia In later times a junior branch
of the Norrises of Speke were settled in the town-
ship.3* Other owners also occur.33

George Janion of Blackrod forfeited Park Hall in
the time of the Commonwealth.34 James Barker and

other ' delinquents ' are named.343 Some ' papists '
registered estates in 1 7 1 7.3D

The Hospitallers had land in Blackrod in izgz/6
and about I 540 Lord Mounteagle was in possession.37

Lawrence Vaux, warden of Manchester in 1559,
was a native of Blackrod.38

81 It is possible that this was the estate
granted by Hugh le Norreys to his sister
Emma, referred to in an earlier note.
The mill of ' Erelegh ' is mentioned in
1283 ; Norris D. (B.M.), no. 1004 ;
and Erley occurs as a surname in local
charters. Hugh son of Haynon le Walsh
has been named in a suit of 1278, cited
above. John le Walsh of Arley is named
in 1345 ; De Banco R. 344, m. 162.
William le Walsh was a plaintiff in 1374 ;
Ibid. R. 456, m. 598 d. William le
Walsh died on 22 Sept. 1393, holding a
messuage, 50 acres of arable land, &c.,
called Arley, of William de Bradshagh,
lord of the manor of Blackrod, by the rent
of id. or a pair of gloves ; the clear value
was 5 marks. Joan, the daughter and heir,
was ten years of age. The estate also in-
cluded a messuage and land in Standish ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 49.

81a In 1362 William le Walsh of Arley
granted to Robert son of Edmund de
Standish all his lands, &c., in Blackrod
and Worthington, together with the dower
which Ellen his mother held in the same;
Standish D. (reprinted from Local Glean.
Lanes, and Ches.), no. 51*. In the i6th
and 1 7th centuries the Standishes of Stan-
dish had lands in Blackrod, held of the
heirs of Sir James Harrington (e.g. Duchy
of Lane. Inq. p.m. viii, no 21 ; Lanes. Inq.
p.m. [Rec. Soc.], i, 185) ; but there was
also a family of Standish of Arley, probably
descendants of the above-named Robert.

About 1442-5 James Standish of Arley
was charged with waylaying certain per-
sons in order to kill them ; Oliver his
brother and others were implicated ; Pal.
of Lane. Plea R. 4, m. 4* ; R. 5, m. 1 6 ;
R. 8, m. 2. The same James Standish
occurs also in the Standish D., e.g. no. 131,
138. In 1459-60 he had licence to erect
a mill-dam on the Douglas ; ibid. no. 146,
148. His son Peter was a year or two
later divorced from Katherine daughter
of John Hawarden ; ibid. no. 149. A
feoffment of lands in Blackrod, &c., was
made by Peter Standish in 1465 ; ibid.no.
151. Peter Standish, James, his son and
heir, and Constance the wife of James,
occur in 1483 ; ibid. no. 169-70. James
and Constance occur again in 1513 ; ibid,
no. 218, 222 ; he died in or before 1525 ;
ibid, no 281. Peter Standish of Arley
occurs in 1581; Kuerden MSS. iii, W, 31.
An Alexander Rigby of Arley appears in
1564 ; Standish D. no. 317-18 ; see also
Ducatui Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 116.

Arley Hall was a century ago owned
by J. Chisnall Johnson. At present it is
the property of the trustees of the late
Colonel Fell and Gidlow Fell his son,
having been part of the estate of James
Gidlow.

88 In 1540 Clemency Norris, widow,
granted to her son Thomas and Anne his
wife her house called Park Hall in
Blackrod ; Norris D. (B.M.). Edward
Norris, the son of Thomas and Anne, in
1572 leased to his brother Henry the
Mytingreaves in Blackrod ; ibid. Edward
died in or before 1578, and left a son
William of Staple Inn, in 1584, and Park
Hall was surrendered to Edward Norris of
Speke ; ibid. Alice widow of Henry
Norris of Blackrod made a feoffment of

her estate in 1580 ; Add. MS. 32109, fol.
123^, 124. William Norris of Blackrod, '
•esquire,' is named in 1598 ; and in 1609
George Norris of Blackrod, ' yeoman,' pur-
chased a tenement lately in the occupa-
tion of Dorothy widow of James Rigby ;
Norris D. ; see also Ducatus Lane. (Rec.
Com.), iii, 35, 98.

The estate of William Norris of Black-
rod was confiscated by the Parliament in
1652 ; Peacock, Index of Realists (Index
Soc.), 43. He afterwards desired to com-
pound, and showed that he held lands in
Blackrod and Adlington ; after his death
the inheritance would go to Thomas,
infant son of George Abbot of Heapey ;
Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and
Ches.), iv, 230-1.

88 Isabel wife of Robert de Worsley and
widow of John de Worthington in 1376
claimed dower in an estate in Blackrod
held by William de Worthington ; De
Banco R. 462, m. 235.

Thomas Fleetwood of Norbreck died in
1576, holding lands in Blackrod of the
queen as of her manor of East Greenwich
— being the chantry estate — and left a son
Edward.

Roger Shepherd, who died in 1601, also
held lands in Blackrod as of the manor of
East Greenwich ; he left a son Thurstan,
fourteen years of age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m.
(Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 71-3,
where his will was printed. The Shepherd
family occur a century earlier ; Duchy
Plead. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i,

51-3.

Arthur Holme (Hulme) in 1603 held a
messuage and lands in socage of the manor
of East Greenwich ; his heir was his
nephew George, son of James Holme ;
Lanes. Inq. p.m. i, 71. Hugh Whittle,
clerk, in 1622 held lands by a similar
tenure ; ibid, iii, 305.

William Fleetwood of Eyton, in Bedford,
had in 1574 made a settlement of his
estate in Blackrod ; Pal. of Lane. Feet of
F. bdle. 36, m. 51. Afterwards he appears
to have sold it to Peter Nelson of Heskin,
coal and coal mines being included ; Pal.
of Lane. Plea. R. 272, m. 5 d. A further
settlement was made in 1591 by Hugh
Nelson, Dorothy his wife, John Nelson,
James Robinson and Alice his wife ; Hugh
and John were the sons of Peter Nelson,
and had an elder brother William ; Pal. of
Lane. Feet of F. bdle. 53, m. 52.

Thomas Molyneux of Speke had an
estate in Blackrod by grant of the Norrises;
see Norris D. and Pal. of Lane. Feet of F.
bdle. 22, m. 35.

Edward Holden held a messuage and
lands of the king in socage by a rent of
5j</. ; he died in 1620, leaving a son
Henry, of full age ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec.
Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 236. Henry
died 10 Sept. 1636, leaving a son William,
eleven years of age, to succeed him ;
Towneley MS. C, 8, 13 (Chet. Lib.), fol.

5i7-

John Crompton, who died in 1629, also
held lands of the king ; Elisha his son and
heir was nineteen years of age ; ibid. 241.

George Hulme, George Shorrock, and
— Longworth, were freeholders in 1600;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 249,
250.

302

84 Royalist Comp. Papers iv, 29. It is
called 'the manor or seigniory of Park
Hall in Blackrod.' His estate was con-
fiscated under the third Act of 1652 ;
Peacock, Index of Royalists, 43. The
estate of Henry Ashton of Blackrod was
ordered to be sold under the same Act ;
ibid. 42.

George Janion was born about 1 609,
being the son of Dr. ' Jennion ' and Ellen
his wife, daughter and co-heir of George
Rogerley of Park Hall, who recorded a
pedigree in 1613 ; Vhlt. (Chet. Soc.), 13.
The Norris deeds show that George
Rogerley in 1608 purchased an estate in
Blackrod which had just been sold by Sir
William Norris to Cuthbert Clifton.

John Genyon, gentleman, was a recu-
sant in 1678 ; Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv,
App. iv, 109. Ralph Vauce was the pur-
chaser in 1654. From the Visitation of
1 664 it appears that the above-named Ellen
afterwards married Lawrence Worthing-
ton, but had no issue by him ; Dugdale,
Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 342.

84* James Barker of Blackrod, yeoman,
compounded for his estate of 3 acres by a
fine of ,£10 ; his delinquency was that he
had gone into the king's quarters and
stayed there, but he took the Negative
Oath in 1646 and also the National Cove-
nant ; Royalist Comp. Papers, i, 133.

By a lease of 1596 Edward Norris of
Speke granted to James Barker of Black-
rod, John his son, and Jane the wife of
John, the tenement which James Barker
already held ; the services included one day
ploughing with a team, one day harrowing,
one day leading of compost with a team,
and six days gleaning in harvest time ;
Norris D. (B.M.). John Barker became
the owner in 1609 ; ibid. Richard Barker
at the same time purchased his holding ;
ibid.

George Mort of Blackrod, who had also
taken the oaths, was allowed to compound
for a fine of £46 ; Royalist Comp. Papers^
iv, 195 ; Dugdale, Visit. 211.

Adam Mort of Tyldesley and Thomas
his son in 1609 purchased from Sir
William Norris a tenement lately held by
George Hulme, deceased, and Katharine
Hulme ; Norris D. (B.M.).

85 They were Elizabeth widow of Wil-
liam Brown ; Ellen widow of John Shep-
herd ; and James Makinson ; Estcourt
and Payne, Cath. Nonjurors, 106, 152-3.

Thomas Gillibrand of Chorley was in
1734 found to have an estate in Blackrod;
Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), iii, fol. 252
(from Roll 5 of Geo. II, at Preston).

86 Plac.de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 375.
8' Kuerden MSS. v, fol. 84 ; the rent

was \7.d.

88 See the account of Manchester
Church. There are many references to
the family in the Norris D. (B.M.) ; the
name is spelt in a great variety of ways,
e.g. Vaus, Vauce, Wawse, &c. In 1605
Sir William Norris sold to Edward Vause
of Blackrod the tenement lately held by
Alexander, the father of Edward, with the
usual moss-room, quarries, and delphs of
coal and stone, &c. ; the Red Moss is
mentioned. Four years later Sir William
sold to John Vose son of Ralph the tene-
ment in Blackrod he then held.

SALFORD HUNDRED

BOLTON-LE-MOORS

Robert Leigh and Sir Richard Clayton were the
chief contributors to the Land Tax in ijgg.39

Dame Mabel de Bradshagh in 1338
CHURCH gave an endowment for a chantry priest
in the chapel of ST. CATHERINE,
then newly-built. The chaplain was to say divine
service daily, making special mention of the founder
at mass. The lord of Blackrod was to have the
nomination.40 The names of several of the can-
tarists are known.41 At the suppression in 1548 the
foundation was ascribed to James Harrington, and
the priest, Ralph Forster, was stated to be celebrating
according to his duty ; his income, derived from lands
in Blackrod, was £4. 1 3/. 6</.42 The chapel perhaps
remained in use after the loss of its endowment, for
the inventory of 1552 shows that it was fully, though
coarsely, furnished.43 Its fate after the accession of
Elizabeth is unknown,44 but ^4 appears to have been
allowed by the duchy to the minister, representing
the chantry endowment.4j By 1 706 the stipend had
increased to £2 1.46 Sixty years later the building was
enlarged, and galleries have been added since.47 A
separate ecclesiastical district was assigned in i858.48
The income is now stated to be .£718, and the vicar
of Bolton presents the incumbents, who are styled
vicars.49 The following is a list of them : —

oc. 1604 Robert Haslam50
oc. 1619 Richard Barker51
1646 Gerard Brown,
lege, Oxford)

B.A." (Brasenose Col-

1654 Thomas Isherwood M

1668 —Bolton44

1682 Kiel (?) Edmondson s5
oc. 1696 — Stones

c. 1701 Christopher Tyrer, B.A.56 (University Col-
lege, Oxford)
— Peter Shaw

1722 Nathan Pierpoint

1727 James Bankes, B.A.67

1774 Thomas Shaw

1777 Joseph Bowes, B.A. (St. John's College,
Cambridge)

1788 Stephen Ellis

1 800 William Marsden, B.D.68 (Brasenose Col-
lege, Oxford)

1837 Charles Johnson Snape, B.A.59 (Queens'
College, Cambridge)

1 846 Peter Walsh Browne, M.A.

1 86 1 Francis Richard Swallow

1877 Ralph Calvert Williams Croft, B.A.60
(Trinity College, Dublin)

1900 George Worsley Coleman, M.A.61 (Jesus
College, Cambridge)

A grammar school was founded in 1568 by the
trustees of John Holme, and is now joined with the
slightly earlier one founded at Rivington.62

There is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel.

Formerly there was a meeting of the Society of
Friends in Blackrod.68

89 Returns at Preston ; together they
paid over a quarter of the tax.

40 Lich. Epis. Reg. iii, fol. 52. The
licence of the prebendary of Bolton had
been obtained. The endowment con-
sisted of two messuages, 62 acres of land,
8 acres of meadow, and 10 acres of wood
in Blackrod, with appurtenances, including
turbary. The chaplain was to have charge
of the chalices, books, &c., and was to pay
to the parish church of Bolton all great
tithes, &c., according to custom. Should
the chantry fall vacant after Easter and
before the collection of autumn fruits, the
new chaplain should receive the moiety of
such fruits, together with four oxen and
two horses and a plough.

The royal licence to alienate in mort-
main was granted in 1335 ; Cal. Pat.
1334-8, p. 122.

41 Henry de Wakefield, 1349 ; Raines,
Chantries (Chet. Soc.), i, 128. On his
resignation in 1376 John le Archer was
admitted ; Lich. Epis. Reg. iv, fol. 88.
In 1499 Hugh Holme was admitted in
place of James Culcheth, deceased ; ibid,
xiii, fol. 232. Hugh Holme was there in
1535 ; Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v, 226.

The patrons were the Bradshaws and
Harringtons. On the division of the
estates the chapel, as already stated, be-
came part of the Hoghton share. In
Aug. 1542 Sir Richard Hoghton claimed
to present to the 'free chapel of Black-
rod ' (Pal. of Lane. Writs Proton. 34
Hen. VIII), but it appears that Sir Alex-
ander Radcliffe and others had presented
in the preceding June, George Robinson
being then instituted on the death of Hugh
Holme ; Raines, Chantries, loc. cit. (from
Chester Consistory Records). Sir Richard's
claim appears to have been justified, for
in Oct. 1 543 his nominee was instituted —
Ralph Forster ; ibid.

42 Ibid. 125-9. The chapel is described
as 'standing upon the King's Street be-
tween Lancaster and London,' and 5 miles
from Bolton Church.

The chantry lands were in 1553 sold
to Edward Spany of Tunstall in Norfolk,
and he at once sold to Thomas Fleetwood,
of whose property an account has been
given above ; Pat. 7 Edw. VI, pt. xi ;
deed recited in Pal. of Lane. Plea R. 272,
m. 6. The ' Chantry Fields ' were in
1882 in the possession of the Marquess de
Rothwell ; Hampson, Blackrod, 35.

43 Cb. Gds. (Chet. Soc.), 31, where it is
treated as if a separate parish church ; three
small bells and a hand-bell were the town's
property. The ornaments were sold for
8j. $d. ; Raines, Chantries, ii, 276 ; for
two of the bells ; ibid. 274.

44 No curate is mentioned in the Visita-
tion list of 1563 ; the next curate, 'no
preacher,' known occurs about 1590;
S.P. Dom. Eliz. xxxi, no. 47. No name
is given. In 1592 the churchwardens had
not exhibited any presentments ; Lanes,
and Ches. Antiq. Soc. xiii, 57.

45 Commonwealth Cb. Sur-v. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), 33. The commis-
sioners recommended that Blackrod should
be made a parish church. Half the tithes
were in 1648 ordered to be paid to the
minister ; Plund. Mins. Accts. (Rec. Soc.
Lanes, and Ches.), i, 62. Nothing was
decided as to the separation of Blackrod
from Bolton ; ibid, ii, 226.

46 Gastrell, Notitia Cestr. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 15-17. The Duchy rent is given as
£4 4$. i$J., and ^16 6s. 6d. was the
interest of the chapel stock. There was
one warden.

47 Raines, loc. cit. (in notes).

48 Land. Gats, z Aug. 1858.

49 Manch. Dioc. Dir.

60 Visitation List at Chester Dioc. Reg.

61 Ibid. No curate's name occurs in
the clerical subsidy lists of the time.

52 He was a Royalist, but after being
ejected from Mottram near Stockport
(Earwaker, East Ches. ii, 128-30), ap-
pears to have conformed to the Presby-
terian discipline, and was in charge of
Blackrod from the end of 1646 to 1651,
when he moved to Cockerham and after-
wards to Burton in Kendal, conforming in
1662 ; Bury Classis (Chet. Soc.), 18, &c.,
219-20. In 1650 he was described as ' a
painful, godly, and orthodox minister, and
a man of pious life and conversation' j
Commonwealth Ch. Suri>. 34.

68 William Hilton seems to have in-
truded himself during the vacancy ; Bury
Classis, i, 127.

Thomas Isherwood (Christ's Coll.
Camb.) was ordained to Blackrod in 1654 ;
ibid. 136, &c. He was vicar of Eccles
1671-8.

54 Note by Mr. Earwaker. At the visi-
tation in 1671 it was presented that there
were fourteen Papists, and that the Rigbys
were Quakers.

45 Ibid. The curacy appears to have
been vacant in 1689 and 1691.

86 The Church P. at Chester Dioc. Reg.
are available from this point.

57 One of this name was B.A. 1727.
Brasenose Col. Oxf. ; Foster, Alumni.

58 Became vicar of Eccles.

59 From this time the curates and vicars
are stated to have been presented by the
vicars of Bolton ; see Hampson, Blackrod,

57-

60 Previously incumbent of Walmsley.

61 Previously vicar of Great Marsden,
1882, and of St. Augustine's, Bolton, 1893.

62 Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 16 ; End. Char.
Rep. for Bolton, 1 904.

68 It was addressed by Roger Haydock
in 1674.

303

INDEX to VOLS. Ill, IV, and V

Aaron the Jew of York, iv, 358 n,

365

Abbe, Jno., iii, 101 n

Abbey, Geoff, del, iv, 276 « ; Hugh
del, iv, 276 n

Abbey Hey (Gorton), iv, 202 «,
276 ; ch., iv, 279

Abbey Lake, the, (Orrell in Maker -
field), iv, 89

Abbot, Geo., v, 302 n ; Thos., v,
302 n

Abbot's Acre (Widnes), iii, 388 n

Abbott, — , iii, i8«

Abel, Will., iii, 227

Aberford, Hen. de, see Nostell,
priors of

Abney, Ad. de, iv, 267 n, 319 n ;
Thos. de, iv, 319 n ; Will, de, iv,
319*

Abraham, see Abram

Abraham's Garden (W. Derby), iii,
16 n

Abram, Adburgham, iv, 57-9 «, 103-
4 «, in, I49«, 153 #; Bolton
House, iv, 65 «-6 «, 1 14 n ; char.,
iv, 66-7 n ; ch., iv, 115; man.,
iv, in, 133 ; Nonconf., iv, 115 ;
schs., iv, 66 n

Abram, Adburgham, Ad. de, iii,
4 1 1 « ; iv, 1 1 2 n ; Agnes de, iv,
. H2«; Alan de, iii, 411 n ;
Constance, iv, 112, 152; Eliz.,
iii, 58 n ; Emma de, iv, 102 n ;
Geo., iv, 112 n ; Gilb., iv, 112,
152, 312 «;v, 175 n; Godith de,
iv, 154 « ; Hen., iv, 165 ; Isabel,
iv, 112 ; v, 175 n ; Jas., iii, 181 ;
Joan de, iv, 1 1 2 n, 222« ; Jno. (de),
iii, 181 ; iv, 102 «, 1 1 1-2 «, 135 «,
143 n, 1 68 n ; Magota, iv, 168 n ;
Marg. de, iv, 312 ; Margery de,
iv, 102 n ; Mary, iv, 112, 115;
Matth. de, iv, 222 n ; Maud de, iv,
112 n; Pet., iv, 1 1 2 n ; Rich, (de),
iii, 181 n; iv, m-2«, 149 ;/, 154 n;
Rob. de, iv, 102 n, 112 #; Susan,
iv, 112 ; Thos. (de), iii, 411 n ; iv,
109 #, 112,114; Will, (de), iii,
181 n ; iv, 112 n, 135 n

Abulthwaite, iii, 213

Accrington, man., v, 150 n

Ace the Clerk, iv, 241

Achecroft, see Agecroft

Acheton, see Aughton

Achetun, see Bickerstaffe

Ackeberth, see Aigburth

Acker Meadow (Barton), iv, 364

Ackers, Abra., iv, 114 ; Edw., iv,
114; Hen., iv, 14-5; Holland,
iv, 236 ; Will., iii, 192 «, 346 n

Ackers End (W. Derby), iii, 1 1

Ackers Hall (W.Derby), iii, II «,
I2«, 15 n

Ackers Mill, iii, 12 #, 15 ; iv, 13

Ackhurst, iv, 89

Acornsyke, iv, 378 n

Acrer, see Altcar

Acrer, Ad. del, iii, 36 « ; Hen. (de),
iii, 15 «, 29 « ; Jno. de or del, iii,
29 «, 37 n ; Rich., iii, 15 «

Acres Field (Manchester), iv, 177

Acres Field (W. Derby), iii, 16 n

Acton, see Aughton

Acton, Hen. de, iii, 202 n ; Dom
Jno. P., iv, 1 1 1 ; Walt, de, iii, 202 n

Acton Blundell, see Aughton

Aculuesahe, Aculuesaue, see Occle-
shaw

Adam, dean of Ryscham, iii, 132 « ;
of Old Tarbock, iii, 181 n ; of the
Cross, iii, 263 » ; of the Granges,
iii, 325 n ; the Brewer, iii, 210 n ;
the Carpenter, iii, 393, 399 n ; the
Chief, v, 35 «, 37 ; the Clerk, iii,
227 ; iv, 303 n ; the Demand(s), iii,
95 ni 97 n > tne Earl, iv, 372 n • v,
44 n ; the Falconer, v, 1 14 « ; the
Fidler, Agnes w. of, iv. 209 n ; the
Forester, iii, 210 ; the Harper, iv,
109 n ; the Judge, iii, 96 «-7 «,
99 n ; the Little Demand ( Judge),
iii, 97 n ; the Mason, iii, 127 ; the
Purser, v, 254 n ; the Salter, iii,
1 13 « ; iv, 8 1 n ; the Serjeant, iv,
341 n ; the Smith, iv, 404 « ; the
Ward, iv, 277 ; v, 261 n ; the
Ward, Margery dau. of, v, 12

Adamhey (Oldham), v, 96 n

Adams, Orion, iv, 181 n ; Rog., iv,
181 n

Adbaston, Will, de, iii, 51 n

Adburgham, see Abram

Aderton, see Atherton

Adgarley, man., iii, 165 n

Adlington, v, 301 «

Adlington, Hugh de, iii, 144 «, 333 «;
v, 300 n-i n ; Isabel, iii, 333 n

Adoration Rdparatrice, rel. order,
iii, 19 «

Affetside, v, 143, 145 », 270 »;
Nonconf., v, 150

Afflack, Phil., iii, 362

Agecroft, iv, 208, 219, 242 «, 390 #,
392> 397-95 v, 77 w ; Hall, iv, 397,
400-3

Aghton, see Aughton

Aghtynthwayt, Jno. de, iii, 53 « ;
Marg. de, iii, 53 « ; Pet. de, iii,

53 »

Agnes of the Cross, iii, 256 n
Aigburth, iii, I, 2, 76 #, 119, 120, 122,

125, 127-30 «, 146 n ; ch.,iii, 128;

Hall, iii, 125 «, I27», 385 n ;

Nonconf., iii, 128
Aigburth Lane, iii, 126
Aigburth, Ad. de, iii, 113, 125, 127 «;

Alice de, iii, 113; Hen. de, iii,

125 ; Hugh de, iii, 125 ; Margery

de, iii, 126 ; Rob. de, iii, 125 n
Aikilchoh, iii, 275 n
Aikin, Jno., iii, 307
Ailwarderod, Alex, de, v, 207 n

3°5

Ainsargh, Ad. de, iii, 33 ; Margery
de, iii, 33 ; Rich, de, iii, 33, 39 n ;
Thos. de, iii, 33 n

Ainscough, Chris., v, 301 n ; Ellen,
iv, 122 n ; Jno., iv, 121 n-z n ; v,
243 n ; Miles, iv, 122 n ; Nich., v,
301 n ; Radley, iii, 391 ; Thos., iv,
309 ; v, 295 n

Ainsdale, iii, i, 6 n, 45-6, 49-51,
87 «, 183, 193, 218-9, 237 ; Brook,
iii, 196 »; ch., iii, 52; fisheries,
iii, 5o«-i ; man., iii, 50-1, 82,
87 «, 196, 218, 237 n ; Nonconf.,
iii, 52

Ainsdale, Ad. de, iii, 48 «, 50 n, 86,
90 n, 92 «, 123 ; Alan de, iii, 79 n ;
Emma de, iii, 86 ; Hugh de, iii,
79 « ; Jno., iii, 50 «, 106 ; iv, 94 n ;
Osbert de, iii, 50, 86 ; Rich, de,
iii, 48 n, 50 «, 106 ; Rob. de, iii,
50, 86, 9o«, 92, 122 ; see also
Blundell, Rob. ; Rog. de, iii, 86 ;
Thos., iii, 47 n, 50 n ; Warin de,
iii, 50 n ; Will., iii, 48 «, 106

Ainslie, Rich. M., iii, 107

Ainsworth, iv, 166 ;/, 298 n ; v, 62,
133, 151, 163 «, 180; chap., v,
159 ; char., v, 161 ; ch., v, 181 ;
man., v, 180; Nonconf., v,
181-2

Ainsworth, Ad. de, iv, 395 n; Agnes
de, v, 1 80 n ; Alex, de, v, 180 n ;
Almarica de, v, 211 »; Elias de,
iv, 166 n ; Eliz., iv, 109 n ; Ellen
de, v, 1 80 n ; Ellis (de), v, 163 n,
l8o«, 247 ; Geoff., v, 180 n ; Geo.,
v, 59« ; Giles, v, i8o«, 267/2-9 ;
Hector de, v, i8o#; Hen., iv,
309; Hugh, v, i8o«; Jane, v,
147 n, 246 n-8 n, 268 n ; Joan, v,
i8o«, 267 n ; Jno. de, iv, 341 n ;
v, 123, 147 «, 158 «, 164, I76«,
1 80 «, 222 «, 288 ; Kath., v, 268 » ;
Lawr., v, i8ow ; Marg., iv, 220 n ;
Margery de, v, 24 n ; Maud de, iv,
298 n ; v, 164, 1 80 n ; Ralph, iv,
375 ; Rich., iii, 90 « ; v, 14 ; Col.
Rich. H., v, 14 ; Rob. de, iv, 166 «,
298 «, 404; v, i8o«-i«, 267 «;
Rose de, v, 137 n : Thos., iv, 209 n;
v, 137 n, 181, 267 «; Will, (de), iii,
425 n ; iv, 109 n, 298 « ; v, 180 « ;
Will. E. de, v, 21 1 n ; W. Harrison,
iv, 187, 227; v, 207 n; fam., v,
14 «, i8«, 1 80

Aintree, iii, i, 2, 13 «, 22-3, 25 «, 29,
32, 58-9, 68 n, 74-5 n, 98-9, 191 n,
198, 205, 211 w, 216-7; man., iii,
70 «, 100, 198, 212 «

Aintree, Ad. de, iii, ioint 2i6n;
Agnes de, iii, loo ; Alice de, iii,
ioo#-i, 211 ; Emmade, iii, 211 ;
Gilb. de, iii, loo n-i n ; Hawise de,
iii, 2ii ; Hen. de, iii, 75 «, 100;
Joan de, iii, 101 w, 216 n ; Margery
de, iii, 211 ; Randle de, iii, 211 ;

39

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Aintree (cont.}

Rich, de, iii, 100/2 ; Rob. de, iii,

100 n ; Will, de, iii, 68 «, 92 «, 100-

i n ; iv, 141 «
Airey, Jos., iii, 149
Aitken, Rev. Rob., iv, 48
Aked, Rev. C. F., iii, 19
Akedone, iv, 306 n
Akefrith in Farleton, man., iii, 171
Akenhead Brook, iii, 100/2
Akens and Pyggill (Aughton), iii,

293 n

Akilshaw House (Prcscot), iii, 349 ft
Akke, Rich., iv, 280
Alan the Barker, iv, 84 n, 85 n ; the

Clerk, iii, 262 « ; iv, 84 n ; the

Sumpter, iii, 139 n ; the Young, iii,

83/2

Alanson, Jno. J., iii, 389 n
Albert, Prince, iv, 223 ; v, 245
Albin(us) the Priest, iii, 48/2, 51 n
Albinson, Jno., v, 242 n
Albreia of Garston, iii, 169/2
Albright, Jno., v, 239
Al burgh, Arth., iv, 385 n
Alcar, iv, 18
Alcock, Edw., iii, 34 n, 98 n ; Jno., iii,

346 n ; Thos., iii, 367 n ; Will., iv,

291 n ; see also Alkoc
Alcrinton, see Alkrington
Aldcroft, iii, 383 n
Aldcroft, Ralph, iv, 307 n
Aldebrugh, Arth., iv, 3I3#; Eliz.,

iv, 313 «

Aldekar, see Altcar
Aldelem, Jno. de, v, 247 n ; Kath. de,

v, 247 n

Aldemulneford, iii, 427
Alden, v, 144, 147 », 150 ; Brook, v,

144

Alden, Jno., iii, 344
Aldenather, iv, 139 n
Alder Fold, iii, 438 ; Nonconf., iii,

438/2
Alder Forest, iv, 364, 379 « ; char.,

iv, 362 n

Alder House (Atherton), iii, 438
Aldersey, Henrietta, iv, 64 n ; Jno.,

iii, 161 #; Sam., iv, 64 ; Thos., iv,

64 n

Alderstone, the, (Gorton), iv, 277 «
Alderton, Rob. de, iii, 405 n
Aldewainescath, iv, 344 n
Aldford, iii, 88 n ; Id. of, iii, 108 n
Aldhulme, AJcLehulme, iv, 291 «-7
Aldred, Fr., iii, 91
Ale Pool, iii, 222 n-4 n
Alexander IV (pope), iv, 358 n ; v,

197 n
Alexander the Dyer, iv, 237 «-8 n ;

the Miller, iii, 83 n
Alexander, Dav. M., v, 106 ; Jno.,

iv, 201, 245 n ; Radcliffe, iv, 245 n;

Sarah, iv, 245 n ; Will., iii, 175 ;

Rev. W., iv, 148
Alexandra, Queen, iv, 184, 340
Alexandra Park, Oldham, v, 93, 103
Alexandra Park, Withington, iv,

288, 293
Alfreton (Notts.), iii, 249 ; mkt., iii,

249 n
Alfreton, Joan (Amicia) de, iii,

249 ; Rob. de, iii, 249 ; Thos. de,

iii, 249
Alice of the Cross, iii, 255 «; the

Recluse, iii, 210 n
\ Aline the Recluse, iv, 77
Alkali manufacture, iii, 387
Alkuer> Allkar, see Altcar
n ton, see Alkrington

Alkoc, Alice, iii, 140 ; Margery, iii,
140; Rog., iii, 140; see also Alcock

Alkrington, iv, 270 ; v, 67-8, 78, 82,
145 », 161 #, 169 n ; Hall, v, 84 ;
man., iv, 398 n-g n ; v, 77-8 n, 83,

85

Alkrington, Hen. de, v, 85

Allan, Will., v, 44

Allanson, Edw., iv, 136

Allen, Anne, v, 73 n ; Cardinal, iii,
212 ; Dorothy, v, 131 n ; Edw.
iv, 216, 245 n ; Eliz., v, 73 n, 131 n;
Ellen, v, 54 n ; Geo., iv, 245 n ; v,
in; Hen., iv, 245 n ; Isaac, v, 73-
5 «> I05> 234 ; Jno., iv, 97 ; v, 62,
131 «; see also Ely, bp. of ; Jos.,
see Ely, bp. of ; Lemuel, v, 1 1 1 n ;
Rachel, v, 136 « ; Rich., v, 131 «,
136/2; Thos., iii, 9; Will., iv,
2I7«, 373J v, 3iw, 50, 54-5;
fam., iv, 222 ; v, 131

Allerton, iii, 102, 105/2, 109, 118,
124, 128, 131, 203, 280 ; iv, 259 n-
60 n ; ch., iii, 131 ; famous
oak, iii, 1 1 5 «, 118/2, 129; Hall,

111, 103, 130 ; Idshp. and man., iii,

112, 129 ; iv, 252 n ; v, 113 n ; Old
House, iii, 129 n ; Tower, iii, 131

Allerton Brook, iii, 124 n

Allerton, Ad. de, iii, 132 n ; Alice de,

iv, 164 n ; Christiana de, iv, 365 n ;

Gilb., iii, 129 ; iv, 164 n ; Jno. de,

iv, 164 n ; Rich, de, iii, 129; iv,

365 n ; Rob. de, iii, 129 ; iv, 164 n;

Thos. de, iii, 1 29 n ; Will, de, iii,

129/2, 132/2, 139
Allescholes, v, 232
Allimar, Ad., iv, 267 « ; Agnes, iv,

267 n

Allison, Alice, iii, 74 n
Allonby (Cumb.), v, 269 n
Allostock, iii, 444
Allowfield, iii, 33 n
Allyscroft, iii, 29 n
Almon, Jno., v, 301 n ; Nich., v,

301 n ; Rob., iv, 361 n
Almond, Edw., iii, 108/2; Jas., iii,

140 n ; Jno., iii, 102, 140
Almondsbury, iii, 105 n
Alms Hill, iv, 259
Alotson, Agnes, iv, 150/2 ; Jno., iv,

150/2 ; Sim., iv, 150/2
Alport, iv, I74«, 178, 200/2, 223,

230 «, 237, 290 «, 335 »; Lodge,

iv, 178, 23172, 237/2, 290/2; Pk.,

iv, 237 n

Alport, Nether, iv, 231/2, 23 7 n
Alport, Over, iv, 231 «, 237 n
Alrebarrow, iv, 291 n-2n
Alrenehead, v, 30 n
Alreneshaw Syke, iii, 193 n
Alreton, Christiana de, v, ion;

Rich, de, v, 10 #, 27 n
Alretune, see Allerton
Alsop, A., iv, 204 n • E., iv, 204 n ;

Jas. R., v, 25 ; J. W., iv, 53 ;

Marianne, iv, 256 n ; Rich., iv,

256/2
Alston, iv, II3«; man., iii, 162/2,

165 n

Alston lands, Ashton lands, iv, 345
Alt, iv, 338-9, 345 ; man., iv, 342,

344

Alt, Old, iv, 345 n
Alt Edge, iv, 338 n-g
Alt Grange, iii, 79, 83, 85 ; v, 175 ft
Alt Hill, iv, 338 «-9, 346, 350 n
Alt Marsh, iii, 79, 222 «, 223
Alt Moston, iv, 265 n
Alt Mouth, iii, 46

306

Alt, R., iii, 12 «, 31 «, 45 «, 49, 53,
56, 58-9, 66, 75-6, 78-9, 83 «, 100,
157-8 », 172 n, 182, 192, 201, 206,
209, 212 n, 215, 221-3, 238 ;
Bridge, iii, ,45, 79, 206, 221, 223 ;
drainage, iii, 59, 100 ; Mill, iii, 79

Alt, Ad. de, iv, 344 /2~5 n ; Alban
de, iv, 344 «~5 n ; Ellis de, iv,
344 n ; Gilb. de, iv, 345 n ; Mar-
gery de, iv, 344 n ; Rob. de, iv,
344 n ; Thos. de, iv, 344 72-5 n ;
Will, de, iv, 344 n ; v, 126

Alta Ripa, Jno. de, v, 266 n

Altcar, iii, I, 48 «~9 «, 52 «, 59, 70 «,
85, 199, 201 n, 206, 221, 224, 299 ;
v> 55 n '> chap., iii, 223; char.,
iii, 226 ; ch., iii, 224 ; grange,
iii, 223-4 ; Hall, iii, 221, 225 ;
Hill House, iii, 221, 224 ; Long
Houses, iii, 223 ; Idshp. and man.,
iii, 62 n, 222-4 J Wood House, iii,
224 n

Altcar, Great, iii, 221

Altcar, Little, iii, 221, 225 n

Althorne (Essex), v, 297 n

Althorp Library, iv, 229

Altley, iii, 172/2

Alton (Garston), iii, 122/2

Alton (Lathom), iii, 248, 254-5 n,
258 ; see also New Park

Alton Field (Ditton), iii, 399 n

Alton, Rich, de, iii, 249 n, 254 « ;
Steph. de, iii, 249 «, 254 n

Altrincham, iii, 336/2; iv, 181/2,
293; v, 51 n

Alty, Rich., iii, 247 n

Alvandley, Agnes de, iii, 407 n ;
Rich, de, iii, 116, 355 «, 407 «

Alvene Mere, iv, 394 n

Alvetham, Rich, de, iii, 182/2

Alwine Mere, iv, 393 n

Alyffield, iii, 33 n

Amant, Rob., iii, 189/2

Ambers Wood, see Ambrose Wood

Ambrose Wood, iv, 101

Ambrose, — , iii, 55 ; Eliseus, iii,
244 ; Eliz., iii, 244 n ; Hen., iii,
244/2-5; Josh., iii, 17-8, 106;
Marg., v, 289 ; Mr., iii, 204 ;
Neh., iii, 44 n ; Rich., iii, 244 ;
Rob., iii, 244 n ; Will., iii, 244

Amerison, Jno., iii, 83 n

Amery the priest's son, iii, 21 1

Amery, Thos., iii, 311 ; see also Ay -
mory

Amoryson, Jno., iv, 155 ; Kath., iv,
155; see also Amerison, Aymoryson

Amounderness, iii, 47, 76 «, 82 n ; iv,
384 n ; deanery, iv, 192/2

Ampleforth, Benedictines at, iii,
367/2

Anabaptists, iv, 25 //, 49 ; v, 233 «

Ancoats, iv, 177/2-8, 181 «, 184,
208 «, 222/2-4, 230 n-i n, 237,
241 «, 331 n-2n ; v, 116/2 ; ch., iv,
249 ; colliery, iv, 229 ; Hall, iv,
239 ; Nonconf., iv, 249-50 ; Rom.
Cath., iv, 251

Ancoats, Id. of, iv, 287

Ancoats, Agnes de, iv, 238 n ; Hen.
de, iv, 237 «-8 n ; Jno. de, iv,
237 n; Ralph de, iv, 237 ; Rob. de,
iv, 238 n

Andelevesarewe, see Anglezarke

Andern, Rich., iii, 247 n

Anderson, Hugh, iii, 44 n ; Jas., iv,
362 n ; R. D., iii, 22

Anderton, v, 7 «, 183; char., v,
243 n ; man., v, 8 «, 297

Anderton, Ids. of, v, u

INDEX

Anderton Carr, v, 291 n

Anderton, — , iii, 183 ; Alethea,
v, 297; Alice, iv, 90 #, 155 n;
Almarica (Almaria) de, v, 6 tf,
47 « ; Ameria de, v, 296 ; Anne, iv,
85 n ; v, 8, 297 n ; Bruno, v,
297 n ; Cath., v, 298 n ; Cecily,
iv, 105 n ; Chas., iii, 205 ; Sir
Chas., iii, 297 ; v, 297-8 ; Chris.,
iii, 412 n, 441 ; iv, 85 », 118 n,
130 », 368, 384 «, 391 n • v, 8, n,
22 «~3 «, 36 », 38 «, 261 «, 290 n,
292 #, 296-7, 299 » ; Dorothy, v,
290 n ; Eliz., iv, 85 n; Ellen, iii,
233; iv, 105 «, 155, i57«-8»;
v, 287 ; Frances, iv, 105 ; Fran.,
v, 298-9 n ; Sir Fran., iii, 208 ; v,
297-8 #; Hugh, iv, 90 n, i55#;
Jas., iii, 103 «-4, io6#, 149, 205,
268 «, 310 n, 443 ; iv, 62 «,
85 n-6, 90 «, 155 «, 358 « ; v,
8 n, ii «, 238 #, 279, 292 «,
296 «-7 ; Jno., iv, 113 n ; v, 298 ;
Jos., iii, 205 ; Lawn, iii, 205 ; v,
8, 296 ; Sir Lawr., iv, 358 n ; v,
4 n ; Marg., iii, 205 ; iv, 105 n ;
v, 297 ; Margery de, v, 287 n ;
Mary, iii, 71 «, 205 ; Oliver, iv,
113 n, 155, i57«-8«, i6o»; Pet.,
iv, 1 19 n ; v, 292 «, 296 n ; Ralph,
i"> 333 > iy> * X4 n I Rob., iii,
436 n ; iv, 102 n ; Rog., iv, 58,
85 «-7, 113 «-4 «; v, 297 «;
Steph., v, 297 »-8 ; Thos., iii,
113 ; iv, 104 «~5 « ; v, 7, 8, 261 w,
294, 299 « ; Thurstan, iv, 85 »,
113 «, 157 «-8 « ; v, 297 n ; Will,
(de), iii, 71 » ; iv, 105 ; v, 6 «, 8,
47 «, 287, 289 n, 295 «-6, 299 n ;
fam., iii, 10 «, 104, 125 ; iv, 85 ;
v, 6, 8

Andrew of Lowside, v, 101 n; the
Chaplain, the Priest, v, 210 n

Andrew, Edw., iv, 270 ; Rob., iv,
270, 277 n ; Robina, iv, 270 ;
Thos., iv, 270

Andrewes, Hester, iv, 384 « ; Jno.
iv, 384 n

Andrews, Abigail, iv, 113 # ; Heath,
v, 264 « ; Jas., iv, 163 « ; Jane,
v, 265 «, 290; Jno., iv, 113 «,
128 n; v, 84 «, 263-5 nt 290-1 ;
Mich., v, 264 n ; Randal, iii, 245 ;
v, I37«; Richmal, Y, 137^; Rob.,
v, 266, 290-2 ; Susan, iv, 163 n ;
Susan A., v, 137 n ; Thos., v,
264 « ; fam., v, 264

Anesley, iv, 399 «

Anfield, iii, 20-3 ; ch., iii, 43 «

Angerton Moss, iv, 65 «

Angier, Jno., iv, 288 «, 322 ; v, 4,
75 n ; Sam., iii, 130 « ; iv, 322 «

Anglesey, earl of, iv, 1 28 « ; Hen-
rietta M., ctss. of, iii, 252^,
283 n ; iv, 99 n ; v, 131 n ; see
also Ashburnham, ctss. of;
Jno. Annesley, earl of, iii, 165,
283 n ; iv, 99 « ; v, 131 n

Angle.-arke, iii, 109, 158-9, 249; iv,
288 n, 371 n; v, 8 «, 235, 238 «,
260, 293 #-5 ; char., v, 243 « ;
man, iii, 161 «-2 n, 265, 382 n ;
v, 294

Anglezarke, Jno. de, v, 295 n ; Rob.
de, v, 210 « ; Rog. de, v, 295 n

Anian, Gilb., iii, 302 n

Anlaghesarghe, Anlasargh, see An-
glezarke

Anlauesargh, see Anglezarke

Anne, Queen, of England, iv, 247

Anne, Queen, (w. of Rich. II), iii,

231
Annesley, Anne, iv, 128 n; Arth.,

iv, 128 n; Fran., iv, 128; Jno.,

see Anglesey, earl of
Anningden, v, 227 n
Annovesdala, see Ainsdale
Anson, Geo. H. G., see Manchester,

archd. of; Sir J. W. H., iv,

308 ; Gen. Sir Will., iv, 306
And- Corn Law League, iv, 184
Antrobus, Randle, iv, 361 n
Anyas, Kath., iv, 244 n
Anyon, Joan, iii, 90 n ; Jno., iii,

87 n, 90 n ; Rich., iii, 90 n ; Thos.,

iii, 90 «; fam., iii, 90
Appleby, v, 167
Appleton (Ches.), iii, 348 n
Appleton (Widnes), iii, 86 «, 386,

388-9 », 405 n ; iv, 158 «; Mill,

iii, 389 ; Nonconf., iii, 392 ; Rom.

Cath., iii, 392
Appleton, Dom Anselm, iv, i u n ;

Jno., iii, 389 n ; Thos., iv, 89
Appley in Wrightington, iii, 291 n
Apshaw (Newton), iv, 135
Aquous Booth Lee (Horwich), v,

7»

Aram (Notts.), iv, 285 n
Aray, Eliz., iv, 147
Arbury, iv, 166 ; man., iv, 133,

151, 166 n, 168-9; Mere, iv,

167 n

Archbald, Jas., iii, 429 n
Archer, Jas., v, 159, 181 ; Jno. le,

v, 303 n ; Thos. L', iii, 1 1 8
Arden, see Ardern
Ardern, Arderne, Ad. de L. de, iv,

348 ; Agnes, iv, 316 #; Anne, iv,

316 «; Eleanor (de), iv, 321 ; v,

270 n ; Eliz., v, 13 « ; Ellen, iv,

373 n ; Joan (de), iii, 46 n ; iv, 3 1 2 ;

v, 246 ; Jno. (de), iv, 312, 316 n;

v, 246 #~7« ; Sir Jno. (de), iii,

46 «; iv, 211 n; Marg., v, 52;

Maud de, iv, 21 1 n ; Nich. de, iv,

348; Ralph, iv, 316 «, 321 ; Sir

Thos. de, v, 246; Walt, de, iii, 144 n
Ardewyke, see Ardwick
Ardfert and Aghadoe, bp. of, v,

66 n
Ardwick, iv, 174, 176 «, 208 «,

220 #, 230 «-i «, 235-6 «, 260 n-

i », 275 «, 279-81, 283 «, 287,

303, 335 ; chap., iv, 281 ;

chs., iv, 281 ; man., iv, 280 ;

Nonconf., iv, 281 ; Rom. Cath.,

iv, 281 ; sch., iv, 201 n, 204 »
Ardwick, Lower, iv, 280-1 «, 367 n ;

man., iv, 275 «, 280
Ardwick, Over, Upper, or Higher,

iv, 280, 367 n ; man., iv, 275 n ;

280-1
Ardwick Green, iv, 279, 281 ; Pk.,

iv, 279
Argar Meols, iii, 194, 226, 237;

man., iii, 237 ; see also Birkdale
Argarmeols, Rog. de, iii, 48 n
Arkholme, iii, 1 1 «
Arkwright, Sir Rich., iii, 414 ; v, 245
Arland, iii, 75
Arley; v, 299, 301 ; collieries, v,

299 ; Hall, iii, I ; v, 302 n
Armada, the, iv, 16
Armagraves, v, 283 n
Armenians, iv, 254
Armeston (Northants), man., iv,

283 n

Armitstead, Rob., iv, 334
Armshead, v, 291 n

3°7

Armstrong, Whitworth & Co., iv,

287

Arnold, Will., iii, 58 n
Arnoldsbiggin, iv, 316
Arnolds Rode, v, 210 n
Arpley, iii, 305, 316, 409 #; man.,

iii, 3X9

Arrow (Ches.), man., iii, 442
Arrowsmith, Alice, iv, 153^; Ven.

Edm. (Bryan), iii, 373 «, 389 n;

iv, 139, 148; Hen., iv, 153 «;

Hugh, iv, 100 n ; Kath., iv, 139 ;

Margery, iv, 139 n ; Mary, iii,

321 n; Pet., iii, 448; iv, 113,

139 n ; Rog., iii, 321 n ; Rob., iii,

32i«-2«; iv, 82, ioo«, 139 n ;

Sam., iii, 448 ; Thos., iv, 153 « ;

Thurstan, iv, 139 ; Will., iii,

311 «, 321 «; iv, 98 n, 100 «;

fam., iii, 321 ; iv, 100
Arrowsmyth, Edw., iii, 424 «
Arthur, Prince, (son of Hen. VII),

iv, 285

Arthurgapp, v, 225 w
Arundel, Phil. Howard, earl of, iii,

162 n ; iv, 144
Ascha, iii, 76
Ascroft, Alan, iii, 380 » ; Hen., iii,

284 n ; Hugh, iii, 284 n ; Jas. iii,

284 n ; Jno., iii, 284 n ; Mabel,

iii, 380 n ; Marg., iii, 284 » ;

Rich., iii, 284 n ; Sylvester, iii,

284 n ; fam., iii, 284
Ash, Lawr., v, 295 n
Ashall, Rog., see Asshaw
Ashbern Ridding, iv, 79 n
Ashbrook, — , see Ashbrough
Ashbrough, — , iii, 212, 373 n
Ashburnham, Henrietta Maria,

ctss. of, iii, 15 «, 21, no«, 165,

167, 252, 283; iv, 93, 99; Jno..

earl of (Ld.), iii, 15 n, no«, i6r,

167, 25 2 n
Ashburnham, Hon. Henrietta B.,iii,

165, 167, 252 «; iv, 128 n
Ashby, man. of, iv, 212 «
Ashcroft, iv, 324 n
Ashcroft, Abra., iii, 128
Asheldam, Alice, v, 175 «; Sir

Rob, v, I75»
Ashen Carr, iii, 380 n
Ashenhead, iii, 262 n
Ashenhead, Alan de, iii, 262 n ; Alice

(A vice) de, iii, 262 n ; Hen. de,

iii, 262 n

Ashenhurst, iv, 255 «
Ashes, the (Westhoughton), iv,

362 n

Ashrleld, iii, 109
Ashhtirst, iv, 99 ; Beacon, iv, 97 ;

Hall, iv, 68 «, 97
Ashhurst, Ad. de, iii, 273 « ; iv,

99 «, 100 ; Alice, iii, 273 « ;
Cassandra, iv, 100 ; Cecily, iv,

100 n ; Diana, iv, 93 w, loo n ;
Hen., iii, 283 ; iv, 93, 99 n, 100 ;
Hugh de, iv, 99 n ; Isabel de, iii,
84 n ; Jno. de, iii, 84 n ; iv, 99,
loo ; Marg., iv, loo «, 134 n •
Margery de, iv, too; Maud de,
iv, 100 ; Ralph de, iv, 99 n ;
Rich, de, iv, 99, 100; Rob. de,
iii, 426 n ; iv, 99, loo; Rog.de,
iv, 99 n, 100 ; Sim. de, iv, 99;
Thos. (de), iii, 283 ; iv, 68 «, 93,
99 «, loo ; Thos. H., iv, loo ;
Will., iv, 96 n, 99-101 ; Sir
Will. H., iv, loo ; fam., iii, 283 ;
iv, 98-9

Ashinbottom, v, 40 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Ashlands, v, 262 n

Ashley, iv, 242

Ashley, Eliz., v, 40 n ; Gilb., v,

233 n ; Jno., iii, 339 n ; v, 40 «
Ashley Lane (Moston), iv, 265
Ashridge (Herts.), iv, 380 n
Ashton (in Makerfield, le Willows),
iii, 71 «, 303 », 436; iv, 86 «,
107 #, 122-4, 126 », i4i#-2; chap.,
iv, 129, 147; char., iv, 131 ; ch.,
iv, 147 ; fair, iv, 142 ; man., iv,
133, 142; mill, iv, 142; Non-
conf., iv, 148 ; Rom. Cath.,
iv, 148 ; sch., iv, 148
Ashton in Preston, iv, 341 n
Ashton on Mersey, iii, 63 n \ iv,

333 »J v, 51 «

Ashton under Lyne, iv, 171, 181 «,
194 «, 199, 230 »-i, 257 «, 265,
284 «-$, 328 «, 338-40, 344-6,
383; adv., iv, 230 », 340-1 »,
348 ; Black Knight (Lad) of, iv,
340; v, 165; boro., iv, 346;
char., iv, 351; ch., iv, 342 «,
347, 350 J v, 104 n ; cross, iv, 340;
Gaoler's Chap., iv, 343-4 ; Idshp.
and man., iv, 340, 344, 348 ;
mkts. and fairs, iv, 344, 346 ;
Moss, iv, 312 «, 339-40; Non-
conf., iv, 351 ; Old Hall, iv,
343 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 351 ; sch.,

iv, 35 r

Ashton, Ids. of, iv, 265

Ashton, Ad. de, iii, 154 ; Agnes (de),
iv, 342 n ; v, 101 n ; Alex., iv,
342 n ; Alice, iii, 257 », 339 n ;
iv, 166 », 342 ; v, 38 «, 165 «,
184 « ; Amota de, iv, 109 «, ii3#;
Andr., iii, 412 n ; Anne, iii,
412 n; iv, 114 «, 144 n, 336 »;
v, 73 », 117, 165 n-6n, 210 «,
215 «, 219 n; Arth., iii, n »,
354; v, 210 n, 215 «, 2i8«-9#;
Cecily (de), iv, 114, 341 »; v,
51 n ; Chas. E., iii, 117; Chris-
tiana, iii, 339 «, 412; Chris., see
Thewlis ; Dorothy, iv, 399 n ; v,
71, 73, 79, 98 «, ioi«, I09«, 117;
Douce, iii, 412 n; iv, 143 ; Edm.,
iv, 342 », 345 « ; v, 82 «, 95 «,
98»-9#, 171 n; v, 101 n, 104-5,
in, il6-8«, 121 », 158, i66«;
Edw., v, 117 n, 219 n; Eliz.,
iii, 4i2»; iv, 284, 298 «, 342,
348 #-9 » ; v, i66#, 2io«, 219 n ;
Ellen, v, 184 n; Ellis, iii, 155;
Emma de, iv, 109 «, 1 13 n ; Geoff.,
iv, 346 n ; Geo., iv, 278 n ; Gerard,
iv, 132 n; Gervase de, iv, 341 «,
349; Gilb. de, iv, 113 n ; v,
5i-2» ; Hamlet, iii, 339,411 n-z;
Hawise de, v, 51-2 n; Hen.de,
iv, 142, 341 n ; v, 97 «, 302 n ;
Hugh de, iv, 107 n ; Humph., iii,
339 n ; Isabel de, iv, 342 ; v,

165 «; Jas., iii, 128, 347; iv,
Ii3«, 146, 245 n, 336«, 399»;
v, 7i, 73, 79, 98 «-9 «, ioi n,
n6«-7, 2io»; Jane, iv, 342 n;
v, 30 n, 1 79 n ; Janet, v, 1 1 7 ; Joan,
iii, 411 »; iv, 380; v, 117; Jno.
(de), iii, gn, 96 n, 173, 240 «, 242,

339 «, 354, 411-35 iv, m «,
H3«-4«, 131, 146 «, 153 «, 163 w,
33i «, 34i, 344 »• 346 «, 380,
383 n; v, 65-6 «, 90 «, 121,

1 66 n ; Sir Jno., iv, 265 «, 284,
312 «, 342, 344 «, 347-8; v,
ioo», 225 n; Joyce, iv, 245 «;
Juliana, iii, 412 «; Kath.,

Ashton (cont.)

iii, 412 »; iv, 113 «-4 »;
v, 90 «, 1 66 « ; Lawr., iv,
349 ; Leon., v, 166 » ; Lettice
de, v, 52 «; Lucy, iii, 117, 156 n;
Luke, iv, 70 « ; Marg., iii, 333 «,
4O9«-io; iv, H3«-4», 341-2,
344 «, 399 «; v, 5i«-2«, 184;
Margery de, iii, 411 ; iv, 260 «,
346 « ; v, IO2», 165 ; Marion, v,
55 n; Mary, iv, 114 »; v, 178;
Matth. de, iii, 69 » ; Maud, v,
55«; Maurice, iv, 346 n; Miles,
iv, 346; Nich., iii, 117, 140 «;
iv, 5 1 «, 342 n ; v, 38 n ; see also
Fazakerley ; Olibern de, iv, 341 »;
Oliver de, iv, 113 « ; Orm de, iv,
259 «, 265 «, 283 «, 341-2 n; Pet.,
iii, 328 n ; v, 221 ; Piers de,
iv, 342 «; Radcliffe, v, I79«;
Ralph, iii, 367 ; iv, 1 14 ; v, 101 «,
184, 187 «; Sir Ralph, v, 165,
184; Rich., iii, 324 », 333 «,
407 «, 4ii-2«; iv, 58, ii3«-4,
144 «, 298 «; v, 30 «, 41, 52 »,
117, 138 «, 178 «, 184 «, 210 n;
Sir Rich., iv, 350 ; v, 165-6 ;
Rob. (de), iv, 109 », H3«, 260 «,

265 «, 315, 319 », 335, 339 «,
341,346, 378 «; v, 5i«-2», 65,
101-2 », 166 »; Rog. de, iv,
H3«, 137 «, i66», 342 «; Sam.,
iii, 347 ; Seth, iv, 342 « ; Strange,
iii, 411 «-2«; Susan, v, 53, 2i9« ;
Theophilus, iv, 273 »; v, 178,
219 n; Thos., iii, 42 «, 96, 156,
409 n, 411 «-3 ; iv, 98 », 242 «,
283^-4, 288 n, 319, 341-2, 346 «,
348 n ; v, 38 n, 52 «, i66«, 247 «;
see also Fazakerley ; Sir Thos.,
iv, 143, 342, 344 «-s », 347 ;
Timothea, iii, 412 »; Will, (de),
iii, 96 «, i56«, 343, 4i2»; iv,
112 «-3 «, 131 «, 200 «, 341 n;
v, 52 «, 71, 73, 84, 1 18, 198, 215 n ;
fam., iii, 96, 156, 339, 341 ; iv,
113, 287, 342 «, 346; v, 104, 117,
2io»; see also Assheton

Ashurst, see Ashhurst

Ashworth, iv, 259 n, 265 n ; v, 138,
151, i6o«, 174, 176, 222 w; chap.,
v, 179; ch., v, 179; man., v,
177

Ashworth, Abra., iv, 272 ; v, 179 » ;
Alex, de, v, I77«; Bern, de, v,
177 ; Edusa de, v, 177 ; Hen. de,
v, 177; Jas., iii, 438; Jno., iii,
245, 312 ; v, 177 «, 179 n ; Jordan
de, v, 177 j Margery de, v, 177 ;
Maud de, v, 1 77 ; Ralph de, v,
177; Randle de, v, 177; Rich.,
iv, 268 »; v, 177; Rob. de, v,
137 «, 177; Steph. de, v, 177;
Tiffany de, v, 177; Will, de, v,
285 n ; fam., v, 147 n

Aske, — , iii, 161

Asmall, Rob., see Aspenhaugh;
fam., see Aspinal

Asmoll (Aspull), iv, 122 «

Asmoll (Scarisbrick), see Aspinwall

Aspcroft, iii, 380 n

Aspden (Aspull), iv, 118

Aspden field (Entwisle), v, 283 n

Aspe, Thos., iii, 1 1

Aspehill, Aspell, see Aspull

Aspemoll in Scarisbrick, iii, 194^,
218

Aspenhalgh, Alice, v, 95 « ; Jno. de,
v, 95 n ; Will, de, v, 95 n ; see also
Aspinall

308

Aspenhaugh, Ambrose, iv, 328 « ;
Rob., iv, 328 n

Aspenhead, iv, 106 n

Aspen Shoute (Burscough), iii, 25 9 n

Asphull, see Aspull

Aspinal, fam., iv, 277**

Aspinall, Hen., v, 62# ; Jno., v, 62«,
98 n, 181 n ; Marg., v, 12 »; Pet.,
iii, 247 n ; Sam., iii, 130^ ; v, 12 ;
Thos., iii, 130 ; Will., iii, 190,
220 ; v, 98 n ; fam., iii, 275 » ; v,
1 8 «, 181 ; see also Aspinwall

Aspindell, Rich., v, 242 n

Aspinoll, see Aspinwall

Aspinwall, Asmoll, (Scarisbrick),
iii, 265, 270 #, 274

Aspinwall, Ad. de, iii, 274 n ; Edw.,
iii, 42, 146, 218; Eleanor, iii,
146 n ; Eliz., iii, 218 ; Ellen,
iii, 275 ; Geo., iii, 274 ; Gilb.,
iii, 146, 274 «; Hen., iii, 94,
274 « ; Hugh de, iii, 274 », 301 n ; >
Humph., iii,275 > Ireland, iii, 146;
Jane, iii, 274 ; Joan de, iii, 274 n ;
Jno. de, iii, 274 n ; Mary, iii, 146 «;
Owen, iii, 274 n ; Pet., iii, 5 1 ;
Rich., iii, 284 ; Thos. de, iii,
274 n ; Will., iii, 51, 275, 286 n

Asps (Ashton under Lyne), iv, 345

Aspshaw (Aspull), iv, 118

Aspshaw (Croft), iv, 169^, 170;
Brook, iv, 169 n

Aspshaw (Newton), iv, 169 n

Aspshaw, Joan de, iv, 1 70 n ; Jno.
de, iv, I7o# ; Rich, de, iv, 170 « ;
Will, de, iv, 170 »

Aspull, iii, i, 175 ; iv, 57-9#, 88 #,
107 #, IIS, 171, 231 «, 365 n;
v, 20, 235; char., iv, 66-7 »;
ch., iv, 122; colliery, iv, 103 #;
Idshp. and man., iv, 102-3, 118,
1 19, 145 n ; v, 20 ; Moor, iv, 1 18 ;
Nonconf., iv, 122; Rom. Cath.,
iv, 122

Aspull Common, iii, 426

Aspull, Anne, iv, 121 n; Enot de,
iv, 119; Geo., iv, 187; Jno., iv,
ngn; Rich, de, iv, 119; Thos.,
iv, 121 n ; Will, de, iv, 119

Asseley Ford, iv, 404 «

Assembly of Divines, iii, 8 n

Asseneheved, see Ashenhead

Assewrthe, see Ashworth

Asshaw(e), Alice, v, 289; Edw., v, 49;
Eliz., v. 49 ; Joan, iii, 81 n ; v, 48 ;
Lawn, iii, 430, 432, 435, 448 ; v, '
48-9 ; Leon., iii, 432, 442 n ; iv,
390 n; v, 3i«, 44, 47^-9, 279 «,
282 «, 292 n; Marg., iii, 432 ; Rog.,
iii, 8i«; v, 48; Thos., v, 48 n,
279 «, 292 n ; fam., iii, 382 n ; iv,
371 n

Assheton under Lyme, see Ashton
under Lyne

Assheton, Abdie, v, 158 ; Agnes, iii,
425 ; Alice, iii, 424-5 ; v, 156 ;
Anne, iii, 436; v, 155, 167 «;
Lady Anne, v, 156, 162; Col., -
iv, 140 ; v, 244 ; Dorothy, v, 184 n;
Edm., v, 156; Edw., v, 158;
Eleanor, v, 60, 82 «, 161 «, 167,
184 n ; Eliz., iii, 437 n ; iv, 255 n,
312 ; v, 167 ; Emma de, iii, 329 ;
Jas., iv, 255 n ; Jno., iii, 329 ; iv,
346 «; v, 158, 1 66 «-7 « ; Kath., v,
167 n; Lady, iii, 406 ; Margery, v,
156 ; Mary, iv, 316, 321 ; v, 60 n,
i66«-7; Ralph, iii, 252; iv, 178,
197 «, 210 n, 242 «, 255 n, 390 « ;
v, 3o«,4o-i», 66 «, 151, 156, 1 66,

Assheton (cont.)

174 ft, 181 n, 184 n, 189 «, 247-8 n,
262 «, 274 n ; Sir Ralph, iv, 316 ;
v, 40 «, 60,64, 95> 98 », 101, 151,
156-7, 167, 184 n, 247; Rich., iii,
437 « ; iv, 197, 216, 255 n, 301 ; v,
60, 66, 87, 153, 155-6, 159, i66«-
8 ft, i73«-4«; Sir Rich., iv, 255,
285 n, 312; v, 151, 156-7, 166,
187 ; Rob., iii, 329 ; iv, 216, 346 n ;
v, 158 ; Sam., iv, 346 n ; Thos., iv,
346 n ; Sir Thos., iii, 425 ; Will.,
iv, 255 n ; v, 151, 158 ; Winifred,
v, 223 ; fam., iv, 94 »; v, 30,
203 ; see also Ashton

Assiento Co. of London, iv, 29

Assolfi, Ad., iii, 351 ; Jno., iii, 351 ;
Will., iii, 351

Astbrook, Hugh de, iii, 399 n ; Rob.
de, iii, 399 n ; fam., iii, 402 «

Astbrook Field, iii, 399 n

Asteleye, see Astley

Astell, Amb., iii, 89 n

Asterleys, Essolt (Astulf)de, v, 2o6«;
Rob. de, v, 206 n

Astin the Skinner, iii, 322 «

Astley in Chorley, iv, 275

Astley (Leigh), iii, 46 n, 166 «, 387 ft,
414, 416 ft, 437 ft, 441 ; iv, 376 ;
chap., iii, 420, 448-9 ; char., iii,
449 ; ch., iii, 448 ; Common,
iii, 445 n ; man., iii, 441-2 «, 445 ;
iv, 2io» ; v, 48 ; Rom. Cath., iii,
435 n ; sch., iii, 449

Astley Bridge, v, 235, 250 i, 260 ;
ch., v, 254 ; Nonconf., v, 254:
Rom. Cath., v, 262

Astley Brook, iii, 445 ; v, 14, 251

Astley Green, iii, 445 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 449

Astley Hall, see Dam House

Astley, Alex. (Alecock) de, iii, 447 ;
Alice de, v, 288 ; Ellen, iv, 109 n ;
Gilb., v, 280 ; Hugh de, iii, 446,
448 ; Sir Jacob, iv, 280 « ; Jane,
v, 242 n ; Jno., iii, 417, 419 n, 443,
448 ; Marg. de, iii, 447 «-8; Ralph,
iii, 438, 443 ; iv, 379 n ; Rich, de,
iii, 310 n, 447 ; iv, 109 n ; Thos.,
iii, 448 ; Will, de, iii, 446-8

Aston, Ld., iv, 394« ; Anne, iii, 336;
Sir Arth., iii, 412 n ; iv, 109 «;
Christiana, iii, 412 n ; Rich., iii,
336 ; Rob., v, 243 n ; Sir Thos.,
iii, 412 n ; Sir Willoughby, iii, 136

Astone, Ralph de, see Ashton

Atam Bridge, iv, 68 n

Atesfield, iii, 50 n

Atheriswyke, see Ardwick

Atherton, iii, 414-6 «, 435 ; v, I2« ;
Chanters, iii, 437 ; chap., iii, 420;
ch., iii, 438 ; fairs, iii, 435 ;
Grange, iii, 431 ; Hall, iii, 431,

435 ; libraries, iii, 435 ; the Lodge,
iii, 437 « ; man., iii, 318 «, 429,

436 ; Nonconf., iii, 438-9 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 435^, 439

Atherton, Ad. de, iv, 146 ft, • Agnes
de, iii, 86 «, 365, 369 «, 410^, 436-
7 « ; iv, IO7», 146 n ; Alex, de, iii,
436 ; iv, 146 « ; v, 101 «, 296 n;
Alice de, iv, 80 «, 89 n ; Anne, iii,
436, 447 ; iv, 220 « ; Arth., iii,
278 « ; Atherton L., iii, 437 ;
Beatrice de, iv, 107^, i ig«; Chas.,
iii, 278 ; Douce, iii, 278 « ; Edm.,
iii, 278« ; iv, 89 ; Edw., iii, 352»,
36 1 » ; Eleanora, iii, 346, 436-7 ;
iv, 153, 220 ; Eliz., iii, 346 n, 436-
7 >' v, 35 n ; Ellen, iii, 278 » ;

INDEX

Atherton (cont.}

Emma de, iii, 100, 198 «, 359 «,
36 1 « ; Esther, iii, 437 ; Geo., iii,
436, 447 ; iv, 146 n, 163 n; Hamlet
(Hamnet), iii, 246 #, 278 ; iv,
383 n ; Henrietta M., iii, 437 ;
Hen. de, iii, 86 n, 100, 193, 198 «,
277, 280, 340, 359 «, 365, 369 n,
410 «, 436 ; iv, 84 w, 107 n, 115 n,
lign, 121 n, 146 n, 220 «; Hugh
de, iii, 100, 277 n, 436 ; iv, 146 «,
398 n ; v, 101, 137 ft, 296 n ;
Humph., iii, 278 n ; iv, 89 n ;
Isabel(la), iii, 436-7 « ; iv, 146 n ;
Jas., iii, 21, 277 ft; Joan de, iii,
277-8 ft, 436 ; iv, 107 ft, 146 ft ; v,
101 » ; Jno., iii, 26,28, 31, 59«,
278 », 361 «, 394, 416-7 M, 436-8 ;
iv, io6«-7ft, 144, 146 », 296 n;
Sir Jno., iii, 329, 437, 442, 448 ;
iv, 146 n ; v, 296 ; Jno. J., iii, 26 ;
Kath., iii, 378 ft, 437 ; iv, 398 J
Lucy, iii, 346 n ; iv, 220 n; Marg.,
iii, 278, 283, 329, 436-7 ; iv, 146 n ;
v, 165 n, 296 n; Margery, iii, 278 n;
iv, 121 n; Matth., iii, 278 «;
Nich. de, iii, 277, 436 ; iv, 72 n ;
Sir Nich., iii, 436 ; Oliver, iii,
282 « ; Phil., iii, 278 n ; Piers, iii,
278 n ; Ralph, iii, 277 «-8 «, 283,
436 « ; Randle, iii, 437 «, 448 n ;
Rich., iii, 312, 429, 437-8, 446,
448-9 n ; iv, 107 n, 1 1 1 n ; v, 280 ;
Sir Rich., iii, 437 ; Rob., iii, 278 «,
420 n ; Rob. V. iii, 418, 424, 437 ;
Rog. de, iv, 80 n, 126 n ; v, 27 »,
296 « ; Thos., iii, 246, 259 «, 278,
290, 349 «, 352 n, 361 n ; iv, 121 « ;
v, 296 n ; Thurstan de, v, 72 ;
Will., iii, 18, 55, 278, 378 «, 434,
436-7 ; iv, 45-6, 79, 86, 1 1 5 ft, 146 «,
383 n ; v, 164 n; Sir Will, de, iii,
179, 270, 277, 436, 448 ; iv, 72 «,
143 n, 146 n, 398; v, 165 «,
2g6n; fam., iii, 352, 361, 430;
iv, 46 n, 146 ; v, 6 n, 203

Atholl, Athole, dchss. of, iv, 47 ;
Amelia A. S., mchnss. of, iii,
165 «, 167, 243 ; Charlotte, dchss.
of, iii, 12 n ; Jas., 2nd dk. of, iii,
165 n ; Jno., ist dk. of, iii, 165 n,
167 ; Jno., 2nd earl and ist mqs.
of, iii, 165 «, 167

Atkins, Jane, iv, 218 «; Nath., iv,

2l8ft

Atkinson, — , iv, 147; Jas., v,
240 n ', Jas. A., v, 240 ; Jno., v,
272 ; Jos., v, 233 ; Miles, iii, 9 ;
iv, 391 ; Walt. C., v, 280 ; Will.,
i", 235

Attehill, Rob., v, 102 n
Attleborough, man., iv, 212
Atwyn, Jno., iii, 424 ft, 429 n
Aubres Hey, iii, 427
Audenshaw, iv, 207 «, 219 «, 236 n,

243 «, 3i5», 327, 338-40 «, 344,
346 ft, 371 n ; char., iv, 35 1 «-2 n;
ch., iv, 350 ; ind., iv, 340 ;
Nonconf., iv, 351

Audenshaw, Ad. de, iv, 344 n ; Jno.
de, iv, 341 « ; Will., iv, 344 n

Audlem, Jno. de, iii, 251

Audley (Staff.), iii, 225 n

Aughton, iii, I, 2, 57 «, 72 ft,
1 60 », 191 «, 194 », 199, 203, 205-
6, 214, 217, 221 «, 226, 246, 254 «,
276, 279-80, 284, 292 «, 299 «,
303 ; iv, 8 1 n, 93, 105 «; adv.,
iii, 288, 292 n ; char., iii, 291 j
ch., iii, 242 «, 280 «, 285-6, 296 «-

3°9

Aughton (cont.}

7 «, 300 « ; ford, iii, 192 n ; Hall,
iii, 297-8 ; Idshp. and man.,
iii, 70 n, 72 », 162 «, 268, 292,

294 «-5, 297, 299; Meadow, iii,
293 ; Moss, iii, 285, 297 n ; New
Hall, iii, 285, 294 n ; Nonconf.,
iii, 291 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 264,
291

Aughton, Id. of, iii, 267
Aughton Delf, iii, 349 «
Aughton Hills, iii, 109
Aughton, — , iii, 48 n ; Ad. de, iii,

295 n, 302 ; iv, 98 n ; Alice (de),
iii, 296, 298 n ; v, 1 1 n ; Anne,
iii, 232 ; Baldwin de, iii, 299 ;
Bleddyn de, iii, 288 n, 295, 298 ;
Cecily, iii, 296 ; Dav. de, iii,
2g6« ; Dionysia de, iii, 298 ;
Einion de, iii, 296, 298 ; Eliz. de,
iii, 232 ; v, 10, 1 1 n ; Emma (de),
iii, 296, 302 ; Gilb. de, iii, 296 « ;
Guy (Wido) de, iii, 298, 300 n ;
Hen. de, iii, 296 n ; Hugh (de), iii,
217, 232, 267; Isabel, iii, 232;
Joan de, iii, 232 ; Jno. (de), iii,

97 «, 200 «, 203 », 232, 296, 298-
300; Kath. de, iii, 173 ft, 231,

296 n ; Mabel de, iii, 299 n ;
Madoc de, iii, 227 «, 288 «, 295-6,
298-300, 302 ; Marg. de, iii, 298 ;
Margery, iii, 296 ; Maud, iii, 232 ;
Millicent de, iii, 231 ; Nesta
(Nigella) de, iii, 298 ; Nich. de,
iii, 232, 296, 299 ft, 300; Otwell,
iii, 246 n ; Rich, de, iii, 78, 83 n,
I73ni 23T-2, 296 n; Sir Rich., iii,
229 ; v, 10, II n ; Richerit de, iv,

98 n ; Rob., see Halghton ; Rog.
de, iii, 296, 300 ; Steph. de, iii,
302 ; Thos. (de), iii, 83 ft, 296, 299;
v, n n; Walt, de, iii, 231, 296;
Will, de, iii, 200, 231, 237 n ; fam.,
iii, 231 «, 263 n

Aushaw, v, 282

Austin, Ad., see Ireland, Ad. de

Austin Friars, iii, 314

Avanesergh, iii, 54 n

Avington (Hants.), iii, 393 n

Award, iii, 402 n ; Jno., iii, 145 n ;

Rich., iii, 145 «
Awardbottom, v, 230 n
Awardson, Rob., iii, 145 « ; Sim.,

iii, 145 n

Awekeshowe, v, 81 n
Awnley, Alward de, iv, 283 n
Awty, Hen., iii, 392 n ; Rob., iii,

392 n

Axon, Jno., iii, 409 n
Aykeberwe, iii, 125 n
Aykescho, Ad. de, iii, 87 ft, 90 n ;

Nich. de, iii, 87 n; Rich, de, iii,

85 n-6 n ; Thos. de, iii, 85 #-7 n,

go n

Aykescough, Jno. de, iii, 274 n
Aylesford (Kent), iii, 444 n
Aymory the Fuller, iv, 70 n ; the

Walker, iv, 76
Aymory, Rich., iv, 76 n
Aymoryson, Hen., iv, 76 n ; Jno., iv,

75 n-6 n ; Kath., iv, 75 «-6 n ;

Rich., iv, 76 n; see also Amoryson
Aymount, Anne, see Standish
Ayneldesdale, see Ainsdale
Aynesley, see Anesley
Aynesworth, see Ainsworth
Aynoluesdale, Aynsdale, see Ainsdale
Aynsargh, Rich, de, iv, 1 1
Ayntre, Ayntree, Ayntrie. see Aintree
Ayscough, iii, 270

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Ayscough, Alice, iii, 254 n ; Thos.,
iii, 254 «, 263 n ; Will., iii, 254 n

Ayston, see Ashton

Aythwaite, iii, 209 n

Aytonfield, see Edenfield

Aytoun, Barbara, iv, 253 n ; Rog.,
iv, 253-4

Azari, Thos. v, 239

Babington plot, iii, 136 n, 341, 350
Babworth (Notts.), iii, 311 n
Backbottom, v, 41 n
Backer, Hen., iv, 104 n ; Jane, iv,

104 n

Backford (Ches.), iii, 378 n
Backford, Will, de, iii, 122 n
Back of the Brow (Middleton), Non-

conf., v, 169
Bacon, Fran., iv, 17
Bacup, v, 150, 1 88, 206 ; ch., v, 212
Badsworth, Jno., iv, 362 n
Bagden Common, v, 211/2
Baggaley, Will., iii, 328
Bagher, Cecily le, v, 102 n ; Will, le,

v, 102 n

Bagley, Hen., iii, 309 ; v, 238
Bagnell, Edw., iii, 1 10
Bagoletine (Barton), iv, 364
Bagot, Honora, iv, 381 n ; Thos. A.,

iv, 381/2; Rev. Walt., iv, 390 ;

v, 33, 38 n
Bagshaw, Ad., v, 99 n ; Marg., v,

99 »

Bagslate, v, 207 n - 8 « ; Common, v,
209 ; Nonconf., v, 213

Baguley (Ches.), iv, 309 ; Hall, v,
17 n

Baguley Fold, iv, 272 n

Baguley, Alex., iii, 289, 291 ;
v, 267 n - 8 n ; Alice, v, 28 n ;
Ambrose, iv, 342 n ; Chris., v,
267/2; Ellen, v, 28 # ; Isabel de,
iv, 309 n - 10 n ; Jno. de, iv, 309 «,
323 n ; Kath., v, 267 n - 8 n\
Ottiwell, iv, 296 n ; Rich, (de), iv,
322 n ; v, 267 n ; Rob., iv, 361 n ;
Will, (de), iv, 201 «, 322 n ; v, 5 «,
28 n, 76, 267 n ; Sir Will, de, iv,
309 ; Will. H. de, iv, 323 n

Bailbirch, iii, 403 n

Bailey, Jno. E., iv, 330 ; see Bayley

Bailie, Thos., iv, 195 n

Baillie, Gen., iii, 306 n

Bailliffeld, iii, 93 n

Baily, Lawr. R., iii, 131

Baines, Edw., iv, 352 «; Pet., see
Siga, bp. of

Baker, Dan., iv, 333 n ; Ellen, iv,
351 n ; Pet., iii, 124; Rev. Thos.,
iv, 35 1 n

Balcarres, ctss. of, iv, 67 n ; Eliz. B.
Lindsay, ctss. of, iv, 118 ; carl
of, iv, 67 #, 70 «, 1 1 8; see also
Crawford and Balcarres ; Alex.
Lindsay, 6th earl of, iv, 118

Balderstone, v, 204 ; ch., v, 200 ;
man., iii, 160/2

Balderston(e), Ad. de, v, 204 n ;
Agnes de, iii, 69 n ; Hen. de, v,
204 n - 5 n ; Hugh de, v, 204 n ;
Isabel(la), iii, 436 ; iv, 146 n ; Jno,
de, v, 204 «, 214 n; Rich, (de), iii,
63 «, 436 ; iv, 146 n ; SirRich.de,
iii, 69 «, 73

Baldingstone, v, 128, 142 n

Baldmony Hooks (N. Meols), iii, 274

Baldram, Inigo de, iv, 14

Baldwin, Rev. Dr., iii, 434 ; Isabella,
iv, 104 n ; Jno., iii, 227 ; iv, 46 n,
66/2,97, 104 «, 334 ; see also Rigby;
Marg., iv, 104 n ; Nich. R., iii, 95 ;
Rich., iv, 97 ; Rog., iv, 391 j
Thos., iii, 227, 229 «, 247 n ; iv,
46, 66 n ; fam., iv, 76 n

Bale, Eliz., iv, 222 n

Balfour, The Rt. Hon. A. J., iv,

235 »

Balgay, Dorothy, iv, 375 n ; Thos.,
iv, 375 n

Ball, Abra., iii, 344 ; Janet, iii, 373 ;
Rich., iv, 134 n ; Thos., iv, 252 n

Balladen, v, 144

Ballard, Ad., iii, 97 n ; Emma, iii,
83 n ; Hen., iii, 96/2-7 n ; Jno.
iii, 83 n ; Margery, iii, 83 n ;
Maud, iii, 83 n ; Rich., iii, 81, 83,
97 n\ Rob., iii, 63-5, 83/2, 97 »,
21 1 n ; Thos., iii, 83 n ; Will., iii,
33 n, 83/2, 86 n, 96/2, 103/2;
fam., iii, 81 «, 83, 97

Ballardson, Rob., iii, 83 «

Balle, Rog., iii, 123

Balle Lye, v, 82 n

Ballermoss, iii, 325 «

Ballesley, v, 21 n

Ballisdene, iv, 120/2, 157/2

Ballsdean, v, 21 «; brook, v, 21 n

Balshagh, Jno. de, v, 229 n

Balshaw (Ditton), iii, 402 n

Balshaw Fields (Barton), iv, 364

Balshaw, Ad. de, v, 190/2 ; Jno. de,
v, 190/2 ; fam., iii, 395 n

Balshaye, Alice, v, 256 n

Bamand, Jos., iii, 342 «

Bamber, Jno., iii, 286

Bam burgh, Jno. de, iv, 126, 141 n

Bamford, v, 136-7, 174, 176; ch., v,
141; Hall, v, 138; Moscrop
House, v, 138; Nonconf., v, 141

Bamford(e), Ad. de, v, 137;*, 17672,
208/2-9/2; Alex, de, v, 137, 177;
Andr. de, v, 137 n; Ann(e),iv, 306/2,
308; v, 128/2, 138, 176/2; Arth.,
v, 209/2; Avice de, v, 137/2,
209 n ; Earth., v, 176/2; Bartin
(Berlin), iv, 277 n; v, 176?*; Edw.,
v, 138 n ; Ellen de, v, 137 n;
Ellis de, v, 137 n; Geo., v, 138 n,
176/2; Hen. de, v, 137, 176 n,
228/2-9/2; Hugh de, v, 137 n ;
Jas., v, 228 n ; Jane, v, 86 ; Joan,
v, i37« ; Jno. (de),iv, 200 «, 277/2,
306 n, 308 ; v, 5 2 /2, 1 76 n, 209 n ;
Marg., v, I38«; Maud de, v,
137/2; Nich. de, v, 137 », 176 n;
Rich, (de), v, 137 », 17672, 209 n;
Rob. de, iii, 228 ; v, 175 n, 209/2 ;
Rog. de, v, 1 76 n ; Rose de, v,
176/2; Sam., v, 137-8, 151, 162,
209-10 n ; Susan, v, 138/2;
Thos. (de), v, 137,174/2, 176/2,
209 n, 220 n ; Will., iv, 294 ; v, 86,
136-8, 140/2, 175-6; fam., iv,
308 ; v, 147/2, 207/2

Bamfurlong, iv, in, 113 ; Hall, iv,
113/2-4/2

Banaster, Anne, v, 22 n ; Will., v,

22/2

Banastre, Ad., iii, 50 «, 379 n ; iv, 6,
1 16, 174, 341 n; v, 20, 123, 129,
246 n ; Alex., v, 267 n ; Alice,
iv, 61 «, 107/2 ; Aline, v, 10/2;
Christian, v, 267 n ; Chris., v,
267/2; Clemency, iv, 149/2 •
Dorothy, v, 223 n ; Ellen, iv }
283 n ; Emma, iii, 227 n ; Fulk}
iv, 102/2, 107 ; Hen., iii, 398 » ;

310

Banastre (cont.)

iv, 68 «, 75 n ; v, 267 n ; Isabel,
iv, 108/2; Kath., iv, 218; v,
267 n ; Marg., iv, 76 ; v, 246 n ;
Margery, iii, 295 ; Maud, iv, 75 //;
Nich., iii, 289, 291, 368/2-9/2;
Ralph, iii, 368 n ; Rich., iii, 50 «,
227 «, 388 n ; iv, 133 n ; v, 267 n ;
Rob., iii, 50/2, 295, 329, 332 ; iv,
59, 71, 102/2, 107, in, 133-5,

I4I/2-2/2, I49/2-5I, 155 /2, 169/2,

283/2; v, 26,291/2; Thos., iiir
93, 231 ; v, 10/2; Thurstan, iii,
53, 295 ; iv, 59/2, 107/2, 168-9;
Warine, iv, 1 1 1 ; Will., iii, 418;
iv, 62/2, 341 n ; v, 267 n ; fam.,
iii, 49
Bancroft, Rich., see Canterbury,

archbp. of ; Thos., v, 240
Bandy Field (Bold), iii, 406/2
Banforthlang, see Bamfurlong
Bangardus Field (Aughton), iii, 302
Bangart (Aughton), iii, 303 «
Bangor Iscoed, iii, 148 n
Bangors Green, iii, 192
Bangs (Wigan), iv, 65 «
Bank, Ad. del, iii, 144 «; Chas., iv,
82/2, 105 n ; Ellen (Elota) de la, iii,
321 «; Gilb., iv, 77, 105 «; Joan
del, iii, 37/2 ; Jno. del, iii, 37 « ;
Rich, del, iii, 37/2, 144/2; Thos.,
iv, 58

Bankes, Ad., iv, 72 «, 97, 99 « ;
Anne, iv, 88, 94 ; Cath. (Kath.), iv,
67/2, 150/2 ; v, 99 n ; Edw., iv,
150 ; Frances, iii, 331 ; iv, 67/2 ;
Geo., iv, 88; Hen., iv, 150/2;
Jas., iv, 67, 88-9, 150/2, 168-70,
384/2; v, 124, 126, 140, 272/2,
303; Jno., iv, 130/2; Leigh, iii,
331 « ; Meyrick, iv, 67 «, 80- 1, 88 ;
Mrs., iv, 67/2, 88, 131 n; Rob.,iv,
67 «, 80/2, 88/2, 131 n ; Sarah, iv,
168 « ; Susan(nah), iv, 88, 384 n ;
Thos., iv, 88, 94 ; v, 126 ; Will.,
iii, 33i, 437 «; iv, 67, 77, 86,
88-9,97/2,135,168/2; fam., iv,
86,94

Bankfield (Burscough), iii, 259/2
Bank Hall (Kirkdale), iii, 35, 37-8,

437 ; House, iii, 37
Bank Lane (Walmersley), v, i4i-2«
Banks (Leigh), iii, 443
Banks, the, (Manchester), iv, 238/2
Banks (N. Meols), iii, 230 ; Non-
conf., iii, 236

Banks Hey (Aughton), iii, 293 n
Banks, Isabella, iv, 187 ; Ralph, v,
4 n ; Will., iii, 367 ; Sir W. M., iv,

53

Bank Top (Upholland), iv, 91
Bann, Nath., iv, 258
Bannister, Herb., v, 55 ; Rev. Rob.,

iv, 47/2

Bannycroft, the, (Wigan), iv, 66 n
Banti, Rog., iii, 361/2
Baptists, iii, 19, 22, 28, 34, 40, 44, 98,

128, 236, 291, 324, 376, 392, 421,

439,445 J iv, 49, 77, m, 137, 140,
150, 185, 216, 222, 249, 254, 258,
279, 288, 293, 297, 302, 309, 326,
335, 338, 35i, 375,396; v, 9, 39,
56, 67, 107, 115, 121, 132, 135,

141, 143, 149, 169, 200, 222, 234,

250, 254, 260

Barber, Alice, iii, 217/2 ; Jno., iii,

217/2, 314

Barbon, Jno., iii, 373 «
Barbour, Thos., iv, 1 94 »
Barclay Hey, iii, 275

INDEX

Bardsley, iv, 338-9, 345 ; ch., iv,
350 ; Nonconf., iv, 351

Bardsley, Agnes, iv, 245 n ; Cyril C.
B., iii, 376 ; Edm., iv, 245 n ; Jas.,
iv, 246 n ; Jno., iv, 345 n ; Jno.
W., see Carlisle, bp. of ; Rich., iv,
345 n ; Sam., v, 45 ; Will, de, iv,
341 n

Baret, Ad., iii, 100/2; Alice, iii,
100/2 ; Hen., iv, 6 ; Rich., iii,
100; Will, iii, 100/2

Bareyshaw, iv, 336 n

Barfoot Bridge, iv, 330

Barfurlong, iii, 349 n

Barker, Agnes, iv, 109 n; Cecily, iv,
109 n ; Eliz., iv, 109 »; Ellen, iv,
109 «; Rev. Fred., see Sydney,
bp. of; Jas., iv, 274 n ; v, 301 «-
2 ; Jane, v, 302 n ; Jno., v, 302 #;
Margery, iii, 54 n ; iv, 109 n ;
Rich., v, 302 n- 3 ; Rob., iii, 449;
iv, 131/2, 165, 375 ; Sam., iv,
201 «; Thos., iii, 54; iv, 216,
244 n ; Will., iv, 109/2 ; fam., iv,
109

Barker's Croft, iv, 66 «

Barking (Essex), iv, 91 n

Barkisland (Yorks.), iii, 406/2

Barkley, Gawin, iii, 275

Barley Croft, iv, 207 n

Barley Cross, see Barlow Cross

Barley Metes (Haydock), iv, 140/2

Barlow, iv, 2897*, 297, 319 n ; Ford,
iv, 293 n ; Hall, iv, 215, 288, 299-
301 ; man., iv, 298

Barlow Cross, iv, 230 n-i n, 242 n ;
Fields, iv, 242 «

Barlow Fold, iv, 326

Barlow Moor, iv, 1 78 n ; ch., iv, 297

Barlow, Agnes de, iv, 298 n ; Alex.,
iii, 268 ; iv, 195 n- 6 n, 298-300,
319, 372 «; Sir Alex., iv, 299,
319 «; Alice de, v, 133 «; Ven.
Ambrose, iii, 445 ; iv, 299, 388 ;
Amice de, iv, 298 n ; Anne, iv,
299 n ; Ant., iv, 299 ; Award de,
iii, 145 n ; Edm., iv, 299 n ; Ellis,
iii, 161 n ; iv, 299 n ; Geoff, de,
iii, 145 « ; Geo., iv, 298 n ; Ha-
mond de, iv, 298 n ; Hen. de, iv,
287 n, 298/2; Hughde, iv, 298 n;
Humph., iv, 299/2, 371 « ; Jas.
(de), iv, 198 n, 242 «, 287 n \ Joan
de, iv, 298 ; Jno. (de), iii, 419;
iv, 201 «, 298, 364, 370 n ; v, 87 «,
117/2, 150/2, 181, 284/2; Jos., iv,
270 ; Kath., iv, 299 n ; Marg. (de)
iii, 268 ; iv, 298 n, 300 ; Margery
de, iv, 298/2, 345/2; v, 117 n,
133 n ; Mary, iii, 73 ; Nich. de,
iv, 298 ; Rich., iv, 267 «, 298 n ;
Rob. (de), iv, 136, 298 «, 395 n-6 n;
v, 56, 91 n ; Rog. de, iv, 298-9/2,
345/2, 370 n; v, 55/2, 180 n ;
Thos.(de),iii, 128 ; iv, 287 #, 298-9,
301; v, 55 «, 91/2, 133/2, 178/2;
Thos. O., v, 94 ; Thurstan de, iv,
298 n; Will, (de), iii, 172 n; iv,
246, 298 n - 9 n ; v, 284 n ; see also
Lincoln, bp. of ; Winifred, v, 55 «;
fam., iv, 176, 242, 251, 287,319;
v, 91

Barnacle, Jno., iii, 386

Barnard, Nath.,iii, 391

Barnard Wilds, iv, 350 »

Barnby, Rich, de, iii, 105

Barnes, Anne, iii, 57 n; Cecily, iii,
297 n ; Dr. Fran., iii, 155 n ; Jas.
R., v, 34 n ; Jno., iii, 155, 402 n ;
Nich., iii, 297 n ; Ralph, iii, 410 n;

Barnes (cont.)

Ralph W., iii, 348 n ; Randle, iii,

410 n ; Rob., iii, 359 n ; iv, 204 n,

249 n ; sec also Durham, bp. of ;

Thos., iii, 155/2, 307; iv, 250 ;

Will., iii, 410 n ; fam., iv, 249/2
Barnes Green, iv, 255 ; Nonconf., iv,

258

Barnetby, iv, 282
Barnett, Humph., iv, 272 ; v, 105 ;

Jas., iii, 347 n

Barnston (Ches.), man., iii, 442
Barnston, Eliz., iii, 27 1 n ; Rog., iii,

107 ; Trafford, iii, 271 n
Barnton (Ches.), iii, 428 n
Baron, Ann(e), iv, 104/2; v, 181,

284 n ; Chris., v, 284 n; Ellen,

iii, 74 n ; Jno., see Burton, Jno. ;

Lawr., iii, 74 ; Ralph, v, 38 « ;

Rich., iv, 104 n ; v, 38 n ; Rob.,

iv, 77 ; Rog., v, 284 n ; Sam., v,

161 n ; Sim., iii, 77 n ; Thos., iv,

65 ; Will., iii, 74 n ; fam., iii, 74 ;

iv, 10

Baron's Fields, see Throstle Nests
Barons' Rebellion, iii, 4, 23
Barow, Thos., see Baron
Barratt, Jno., iv, 270
Barre, Jno. de, iii, 9
Barrelborough, iii, 161 «
Barrell, Rich., iii, 154
Barret's Hall, see Croxteth Hall
Barrett, Barret, — , v, 45 ; Ad., iii,

211 ; Alex., v, 166 ; Alf., iv, 187 ;

Alice, iii, 279 n ; C., v, 140, 149 ;

Chas., v, 275 n ; Edw., iii, 30 #;

Eliz., iv, 194 n; Grace, iii, 442 ;

Jno., iii, 14/2-5/2, 21, 279 n ;

Maiy, iii, 30 n ; Miles, iii, 442 ;

Will., iii, 211, 279/2,419
Barricroft, iv, 290 n
Barrington,Capt.,iv, 179 « ; Frances,

iv, 310/2; Sir Thos., iv, 310 n
Barrison Green, iii, 265 ; Cross, iii,

265 n

Barritt, Thos., iv, 186
Barren, Thos., iii, i6«
Barrow (Bickerstaffe), iii, 278 n ;

Nook, iii, 276
Barrow (Bold), iii, 408 ; Heath, iii,

406 n ; Old Hall, iii, 402, 408 n
Barrow Brook, iv, 207 n
Barrow Green (Widnes), Knight's

house in, iii, 347 «
Barrow, Ad. de, iii, 361 n ; Alan de,

iii, 383 #, 408 ; Denise de, iii,

339 n ; Edwin P., iv, 250 ; Ellis

de, iii, 408 ; Gilb., iv, 77 ; Hen.

de, iii, 408 ; Jno. de, iii, 339 n,

380 n; Jos., iii, 376 n ; Margery de,

iii, 408 ; Rich, de, iii, 384 n ;

Rob., iii, 346 n ; Silicia de, iii,

409 « ; Thos. de, iii, 409 n ; Will.,

iii, 1 20

Barrowfield (Urmston), v, 51
Barrowfields (Middleton), Nonconf.,

v, 169

Barrows, anc., iv, 132, 154 ; v, 255
Barrowshaw, v, 101 «-2
Barry, Sir Chas., iv, 228 ; v, 104 n ;

Jas., see Barrymore, earl of; Mary

F., v, 97/2; Penelope, iv, 385;

Rich., iv, 66 n
Barrymore, Ld., iv, 66 n ; Eliz.,

ctss. of, iv, 385 ; Jas. Barry, 4th

earl of, iv, 385

Barthorpe (Lines.), iv, 194 »
Bartleet, Sam. E., v, 1 1 1
Bartles, v, 206 «
Bartlett, Fred. A., iii, 95 ; iv, 165

311

Barton (Downholland), iii, 2, ioo«,
!93-9, 232; Moss, iii, 197 ; Wood,
iii, 198

Barton, Barton-upon-Irwell, iv,
171/2, 230/2, 311^-2,352, 358 n,

363, 375-6, 390 » ; v, i, 42, 54 «;

char., iv, 362/2-3/2 ; ch., iv, 375 ;
man. and Idshp., iii, 194, 395 n ;
iv, 275, 332 n, 358, 364-5 ; v, I,
10 ; Mill, iv, 367 n ; Nonconf., iv,
375 ; Old Hall, iv, 364, 367 ; Rom.
Cath., iv, 376

Barton, Ids. of, v, 35

Barton, lady of, see Barton, Edith
de

Barton Bridge, iv, 364

Barton Lane, iv, 364

Barton Moss, iv, 363-4 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 375

Barton Pool, iii, 199 n, 222/2, 224 n;
common of, iii, 199/2; Head, iii,
199 n

Barton, Ad. de, iii, 193 «, 200 ; iv,
366/2; v, 164 n; Agnes (de), iv,
209/2, 365, 368 «-9, 372/2; v,
ion, 157, 164/2, 180/2; Alex.,
v, 13 n ; Alice de, iii, 200 ; iv,
289/2, 365/2-6/2, 370 w, 372/2; v,
165; Amery de, iv, 365/2-6/2;
Andr., iii, 161 n, 251 «; iv, 209/2 ;
v, 8/2, 13, 285/2, 295/2, 298/2;
Anne, iii, 359/2,443; iv, 388/2;
v, 13; Augustine de, iv, 365 ;
Averia de, iv, 366/2; Cecily de,
iv, 365-6/2 ; v, 13 ; Chas., v, 45 ;
Chris., v, 13/2; Denise de, iv,
366/2; Dr., iii, 234 ; Dolfin de,
iii, 199/2; Edith de, iv, 118,
357 », 364, 372, 3775 v, 26, 39,
266 ; Edm. de, iv, 366 n ;
Edw., iii, 381/2; v, 14 n ;
Elias de, iii, 199/2; Ellis de, iv,
365 n ; Eliz., v, 14 «; Esther, iii,
381 n ; Fleetwood, iii, 73 ; Fran.,
v, 13 n ; Gerard, iii, 376 ; Gilb. de,
iv, 120, 358, 366/2, 368 #, 372/2-
4 », 384 «, 389 » J v, 21, 26 «, 37,
108/2,116, 119/2,214/2; Sir Gilb.
de, iv, 118/2; v, 20, 35/2, 71/2,
121 n; Grace, v, 14,47/2; Hen.
de, iii, 199 n ; Hugh de, iv, 370/2;
larfrid de, iv, 365 n ; lorvverth de,
iv, 368 n ; Isabel (de), v, 164, 259/2;
Jas., v, 140; Joan, v, 13/2; Jno.
(de), iii, 55, 275 ; iv, 359/2, 365-6,
372/2-3/2; v, 9, 13, 47/2, 158,

164-5 n> !8o/2, 248 /2, 272 /2, 298/2;

see also Grelley, Jno. de ; Sir Jno.
de, v, 157/2; Leon., v, 13/2;
Lescelina de, iv, 364 «, 377 n ;
Leysing de, iv, 364 ; Marg. de,
iii, 200; iv, 366/2; v, 165/2;
Margery, v, 14/2, 50/2, 156,
165 ; Matth. de, iv, 364 ; Maud
de, iii, 200 ; iv, 364 n, 366 «,
369/2-70/2; v, 164; Morgan de,
iv, 368 n ; Oliver de, iv, 289 «,
371 n ; Paulinus de, see Halghton;
Ralph (de), iv, 384/2; v, 13/2, 14,
47/2, 50/2, 96, 158/2, 164-5,
259 n ; Randle, v, 10 «, 14 ; Rich,
(de), iii, 200; iv, 368/2; v, 10/2,
47/2, 87/2, 158/2, 164-5, !84 ;
Rob. de, iii, 200 ; iv, 366 n ; v,
13,14,215/2, 262/2,298/2; Rog.
(de), iii, 200, 381 « ; v, 164 n ; Sim.
de, iv, 366 n ; Steph. (de), iv, 365 «,
372/2; v, 13/2; Sweyn de, iv,
364 n ; Thos. (de), iv, 68 n ; v,
47/2, 164-5/2; Sir Thos., v, 14,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Barton (cont.)

47 n, 299 #; Thurstan, Hi, 359 «,
443 ! iy> 388 # ; v, 14 « ; Will, (de),
iii, 301 «; iv, 365 n ; v, 140,
164-5 «, 175 «; fam-> iv> 35 7i 373 J
v, i8#-20, 26, 147 », 279 #,
282

Barwe, Rog. de, iii, 122

Bas, Jno., iii, 303 ; Marg., iii, 303

Baselx, Ad., iii, 409 n ; Rich., iii,
409 «

Basford, Thos., iii, 57 n

Bashall,Will., v, 4

Baskerville, Thos., v, 189

Basnett, Rich., iv, 279

Bassfield, v, 141

Bastenhead, iii, 303 n

Bate, Eliz., v, 53 n ; Emma, iv, 204 ;
Hen., iv, 131 «, 168 ; Jas.,iv,
131 n; Jno., iii, 306 n ; Jonathan,
iv, io6«; Ralph, iv, 131 «, 168,
170 n; Randle,iv, 272; Thos.,iv,
131 », 170 »

Bateman, Jas., v, 123 ; Mary, iii,
446 ; Rob., iii, 446

Bates, Chris., iv, 170

Bateson, Chris., v, 25 ; Rich., v, 105

Bath, Rob., v, 198, 200

Bath and Wells, bp. of, iii, 290 n,
380 #; Jno. de Droxford, iii,
105; Will, de Marchia, iv, 193,
348 n ; Ralph de Shrewsbury, iii,
7»

Bathwood Cross, iii, 258

Batterholme, see Battleholme

Battersby, Geo., v, 142 » ; Hen., iii,
406 #; Jane, v, I2#; Jno., iii,
449 ; v, 294 ; Marg., iii, 406 n ;
Margery, v, 239 n ; Rich., iii,
449 «, iv, 106 ; Will., v, 12 n

Battleholme, Batelholme, iii, 25 8 n~
gn

Baudeknave, Will., iii, 53 n

Baudrick, Thos., iii, 383 n

Baumford, Baunford, see Bamford

Bawdon, Jno. de, iii, 99 n

Bawhouse Field, iv, 270 n

Baxendell, Jos., iv, 187

Baxter, Ad. le, iii, 361 » ; Cecily, iii,
282 n ; Chas., iv, 135 n ; Jno., iii,
282»; iv, 153, 334; Rich., see
Kar, Rich, de ; Rob., iii, 42 n ;
Rog. le, iii, 361 n ; Sim., iii, 181 ;
Thos., iii, 156 «, 378 n ; Will., iv,
134 n ; fam., iv, 76 n

Baxtondene Water, v, 288 «, 291 »

Bayldon, Joan, iii, 337 n ; Will., iii,

337 »

Bay ley, Appylina, v, 253 n; Rev.
Cornelius, iv, 248 n ; Dan., iv,
202, 394 ; Eliz., iv, 232 ; Frances,
iv, 296 ; Jas., iv, 394 n ; v, 253 »;
Thos., iv, 256 ; Thos. B., iv, 394 n,
396; v, 119; fam., iv, 256; see
also Bailey

Bayliff, Jno., iii, 247 n

Bayn, Jno., iii, 99 n

Baynard, Phil., iv, 399 ft

Bazley, Sir Thos., v, 237

Beacon Gutter, brook, iii, 35 n

Beal, R., v, 92, 108, 187, 213 «

Beal Moor, v, io8n-gn

Bealey, Ad. C., v, 58 ; Anne, v, 64 ;
Rich., v, 67 n

Beamont, Will., iii, 307, 323 ; Rev.
Will. J., iii, 307

Beancliffe, see Bentcliffe

Beard, Chas., iv, 53, 187

Bear Hill, iii, 298 n

Beatrice of Halewood, iii, 150

Beauchamp, Ld., iii, 163 ; Alice de,

iii, 365 « ; Amabel de, iii, 365 n ;

Rich., see Warwick, earl of;

Rob. de, iii, 365
Beauclerk, Chas. G., iii, 136 ;

Lady Diana, iii, 124 «, 136 ; Mary,

iii, 136; Ld. Sidney, iii, 136;

Hon. Topham, iii, 124 «-5, 136
Beaufort, dk. of, iii, 71 »
Beaufort, Jno. St. L., v, 76 n ; Lady

Marg., iii, 159
Beaufre, Pet. de, iii, 262
Beaumaris, iii, 135 n
Beaumont, Mary Ethel, Lady, v, 1 1 ;

Miles Stapleton, loth Id., v, n
Beaumont, Ad., iii, 406 n ; Anne,

iii, 406 » ; Eliz., iii, 101 ; Frances,

iii, 370 n ; Jas., iii, 370 ; Jos., iii,

370 «, 376 «; Rich., iii, 101 ; v,
175; Sir Thos., iii, 406 n; v,
22 n

Beaupeinne, Hugh de, iii, 114 n

Beausee, see Bewsey

Bebington, iii, 145 n

Bebington, Beatrix, Beatrice de, iii,

80 n, 86 n, 369 n ; Rob. de, iii,

80 », 369 n

Becconsall, iii, 302 ; man., iii, 318 n
Becconsall, Edw., iii, 278 n ; Ellen,

iii, 218; Hen., iii, 218 ; Jno., iii,

278 #; fam., iii, 231 ; see also

Beconsaw

Becconsaw, Ad., iv, 1 19 n
Bechak, iii, 192 n
Beche, Margery de la, iv, 94, 98 »,

138 n\ Steph., see Beck
Bechington, Rich, de, iii, 216 n
Beck(e), Cecily, iv, 244 n ; Geo., iv,

242 «; Isabel, iv, 200 «, 244 n;

Jno., iv, 241 n; Marion, iv, 305 »;

Randle, iv, 241 n ; Rob., iv, 241 «;

Steph., iv, 242 «, 257 n, 260 »;

Thos., iv, 200 «, 241 «, 244 #,

305 n ; Will., iv, 241 »-2 n ; fam.,

iv, 242

Becker, Lydia E., iv, 187
Becket, Pet., iii, 55
Beckingham, Rich, de, v, 157
Beckington, Agnes de, iii, 298
Beckington Brook, iii, 284
Beckington Field (Ashton under

Lyne), iv, 345

Beckinshaw, fam., see Beconsaw
Beconsaw, Hen. (de), iii, 25 8 #,299,

302 n ; Jno., de, iii, 81 n ; Thos.,

iii, 258 «; Will, de, iii, 81 ; fam.,

iii, 302 ; see also Becconsall
Beda, ford of, iii, 431
Beddill, iv, 143 n
Bedecroft, iv, 319
Bedewinde, Walt, de, iii, 289 «
Bedford, iii, 414-7, 421, 427, 431,

448 ; iv, 134 «, i6o«, 163, 369 »,

371 n, 383 «, 390 »; char., iii,
435 ; ch., iii, 434; Hall, iii, 431-2 ;
man., iii, 318 n, 431, 443; iv,
380 n ; Nonconf., iii, 421 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 434 ; Speakman House,

i", 435

Bedford Brook, iii, 433, 445
Bedford, dk. of, iii, 148, 300 n ; Jno.

dk. of, iii, 148 n
Bedford, Agnes de, iii, 431 ; Avice

de, iii, 431, 433, 443 ; Dolphin de,

iii, 333 »; Hawise de, iii, 431 ;

Hen. de, iii, 431 ; Sim. de, iii, 427,

431 ; Ulphis de, iii, 333 n ; Will.

de, iii, 427 n, 431
Bedyll, Jas., iv, 15
Beechey, St. Vincent, iv, 273, 391

312

Beeley, Beely, Thos., iv, 301 « ; v,

45

Beesley, Beesly, Ant., iii, 239 ; Fr. J.,
iv,35i«

Beeston, Hugh, iv, 319

Beetham, iii, 48 n ; iv, 362

Beetham, Amuria de, iii, 32, 53,
237 ; Sir Edw., iii, 47 n; Emma de,
iii, 53 ; Marg., iv, 383 n ; Ralph de,
iii, 33 «, 46 n-7 n, 53 «-4 «, 237 « ;
Sir Ralph de, iii, 33, 295 ; Rich.,
iii> 33 ni 47 n> 53 * »' Rob. de, iii,
33 », 46 «, 295 ; Rog., iii, 47 « ;
Thos. (de), iii, 32-3 ;/, 47»-8«,
53-4 », 169 «, 237, 288 «, 300,
372 n ; Sir Thos. de, iii, 53 « ;
Will., iii, 47 n ; fam., iii, 32-3,46 ;
see also Bethom

Beetle, the, see Ashhurst Beacon

Begbroke, iii, 155 n

Begerworth, oratory at, iv, 284 «

Belasyse, Grace, v, 14, 47 n ; Hen.,
v, 14, 47 n ; Sir Rowland, v, 12,
14 ; Thos., see Fauconberg,
visct. ; fam., v, i8«

Belfield, v, 193, 213, 215 ; Hall, v,
205, 215 ; Nonconf., v, 222

Belfield, Abra., v, 2ign ; Ad. (de),
iv, 265 n; v, 215 «, 2i8n-gn;
Alex, (de), v, 215^, 2i8«-9«;
Alice, v, 204 n ; Anne, v, 2 1 8 n-g ;
Arth., v, 2i8«-9«; Chas., v,
2i8»; Chris., v, 2i8«; Deb., v,
219 »; Eliz., v, 215 «, 2i8«-9»;
Ellen de, v, 218 n ; Eugenia de, v,
214 «; Geoff., v, 226 ; Hen. de,
v, 215 w; Jno., v, 147 », 212 «,
219 »; Marg., v, 147, 219 «;
Nich. de, v, 215 «, 218 n ; Ralph
(de), v, 96 «, 171 n, 215 «, 218 n-
9 n ; Rich, (de), v, 207 «, 22 1 n,
226 ; Rob. de, v,2i4 n ; Thos. (de),
v, 212 n, 215 «, 2i8»-9»; fam.,
v, 218-9

Belgrene, v, 214 «, 221 «

Bell, Ven. Jas., iii, 307 ; iv, 150 n ;
Thos., iii, 208 n ; iv, 46, 360 ;
Will., iii, 151, 154-6, 175 ; iv,

339 »
Bellairs, Ellen, v, 175 n ; Jas., v,

175 n
Bellamy, Hen., iii, 407 » ; Rob., iii,

407 »

Bellasys(e), see Belasyse
Bellerby, Eliz., iv, i68#; Hen., iv,

i68« ; Jno., iii, 179 ; Rich., iv,
. i68»
Bellew, Joan de, iii, 395 n j Jno. de,

iii, 395 n

Bell-founding, iv, 70
Bellingham, Lady Anne, v, 166 n ;

Jas., v, 184 «; Sir Rob., v, 166 n
Bellis, Rob., iii, 94
Bellot, Thos., iv, 187
Belmont, v, 235, 260 ; ch., v, 262 ;

Nonconf., v, 262
Belowe, Joan de, v, 261 «; Jno. de,

v, 261 n

Benastre, Will., iv, 396 n
Bencliffe, see Bentcliffe
Bendelouse, Jno., v, 65
Benedictines, order of, iii, 19, 74, 91,

117, 128, 276«, 291, 324, 334,

340, 367 «; iv, 51 ; nuns, iii, 117
Beneford, see Bedford
Benetson, Jno., iii, 380^ ; Kath., iii,

380 w
Bennet, Agnes, iii, 361 n; Jno., iv,

122 », 128 ; Thos., iv, 128 ; Will.,

iii, 135 n

INDEX

Bennett, Assheton, iv, 272 ; Jno.,
iii? 333 ; iv, 2 row ; Jno. M., iv,
281

Benningholme, Ralph de, iv, 348

Benson, Mos., iii, 43 n ; Rich., iv,
301 n

Bent, Edw., iv, 222 «, 373 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 20 1 « ; Ellen, iv, 373 n ; Jno.,
iv, 373 «, 375 ; fam., iv, 222 »

Bentcliffe, iv, 369, 390

Bentfurlong, iv, 13873

Bent Hall (Oldham), v, 93, 98 ;
Lower, v, 99 n

Bent Lanes (Barton), iv, 363-4 ; v,

54 »

Bentihalgh, iii, 379 «

Bentley, Jno., v, 38 n ; Mr., iv, 45 ;
Rog., iv, 361 n ; fam., v, 207 »

Benton (Yorks.), v, 92 n

Bentwood, v, 208 n

Berdeshull, see Buersill

Berdesley, Pet., iv, 361 n

Bere, Fran., iii, 345

Berewaldishal, iii, 260 n

Berewardsleigh, iii, 379 »

Bergh, Ad. of the, v, 2io»

Beri, Thos., see Berry

Beric-acre (Wigan), iv, 102 n

Berington, Anne, iii, 280 ; Thos.,
iii, 280

Berlets-housted (Hindley), iv, 106 n

Bernard, Humph., iv, 272

Bernavill, Lewis de, v, i$on

Bernegrenes (Abram), iv, in

Bernes Lane, iii, 229 n

Bernshaw Tower (Todmorden),v,232

Bernulf, iii, 41

Berry, Agnes, iii, 329 ; Hen., iii,
329 ; Jas., iii, 247 n ; iv, 131 ; v,
34 n ; Jno., iv, 322 j Pet., iii,
247 nt 375 j Rich., iii, 247 n; Thos.,
iii, 5, ion; Will., iii, 381 n

Berwick, iii, 69 ; siege, iii, 160, 180

Bery, see Bury

Bescar (Scarisbrick), iii, 265 ; Brow
Cross, iii, 265 «

Besom Hill, v, 93

Bessborough, — Ponsonby, earl of,
iii, 240 «

Besses o' th' Barn (Pilkington), v,
88 ; Nonconf., v, 92

Best, W. T., iv, 39

Bestal (Ashton under Lyne), iv,
34i«, 345 «

Beswick (Manchester), tnshp., iv,
174, 230 «, 235-6 «, 238,252, 281,
33i«-2»; ch., iv, 281; man.,
iv, 281 ; Nonconf., iv, 281

Beswick, Bexwick(e), Ambrose,
iv, 278 ; Anne, iv, 242 »; Cecily
de, v, 79 n; Chas., iv, 274 n ; v,
64, 66 ; Chris., iv, I77«; Edm.,
iv, 362 « ; Edw., v, 65 « ; Eliz.,
iv., I77«, 328 «; Geoff, de, iv,
242 n ; Hugh, iv, 280 n ; Isabel, iv,
200 n, 244 n ; Jno. (de), iv, 177 «,
1 80 «, 1 89, 200 «, 220 n, 24 1 n-2, n,
274 «; Marg., iv, 253 n, 257 n;
Mary, iv, 278 n ; Ralph, iv, 177 n;
v, 65 «; Rebecca, iv, 220 n ;
Rich, (de), iv, 189, 198, 200,
242 n, 253 n; v, 65, 156; Rog.,
iv, 242 n, 257 ; v, 65 n ; Thos. (de),
iv, 278 n, 280 » ; Will, de, v, 79 n ;
fam., iv, 242, 25 7 n

Beswicke, Jno., v, 147 n; Jno. H.,
v, 227 n ; Rob., v, 227 n

Beswicke-Royds, Capt. Clement R.
N., v, 215, 227 n; Mary A. G.,
v, 227 »

Betham, Jno., see Fowler

Bethel Union, the, rel. assoc., iv, 50

Bethom, Ralph de, iii, 212 »; Rob.,

iii, 153 n; see also Beetham
Betres, Thos. de, iii, 77 n
Bette, Ellen, iii, 77 n ; Ralph, iii,

77 n

Bevan, Eliz., iv, 66 #; Rich., iv, 147
Beverley, Jno. Briggs, bp. of, iv, 186
Bewle Hill, see Buile Hill
Bewsey, iii, 77 n, 305, 319, 325,

413 n; Hall, iii, 326; man., iii,

323, 326

Bewsey, fam., iii, 4io»
Bexhill (Suss.), iii, 64 n
Bexley, Ld., iv, 205
Bexwic(ke), see Beswick
Beyer, Chas. F., iv, 185 «
Beysingley, v, 271 n
Biaudos, Remy L. de, see Casteja,

mqs. de
Bibby, — , iv, 189, 191 ; Cecily, iv,

243 «; Edw., iv, 209 », 210;

Eliz., iv, 209 n ; Emma, iv, 209 «;

Gilb. iv, 209 n ; Hamon, iv, 209 n ;

Hen., iv, 329 n ; Jas., iv, 243 n,

329 n ; Jno., iii, 234 ; iv, 2o6«-

7 n, 209 n, 230 «, 233 «, 243 n ;

Mrs., iii, 131 ; Ralph, iv, 329 »;

Rich., iv, 243 n; Rob., iv, 209 «,

243 n ; Thos., iv, 329 ; Will., iv,

243 n ; fam., iv, 243, 329
Bibby Fields, iv, 243 n
Bibby-Hesketh, C. H., iii, 227, 234
Bibbylumn on Bentcliffe Brook, iv,

395 »

Bible Christians, iv, 217, 250; v,
250

Bicestal, the, (Ashton under Lyne),
iv, 34 1 n

Bickershaw, iv, io6», in, 113 #-4 ;
ch., iv, 115 ; Hall, iv, 114 n

Bickerstaffe, iii, 165 n, 197 «, 238-9,
243, 246, 276, 280, 303, 383 n;
char., iii, 246«-7«; ch., iii,
282 ; Hall, iii, 239 «, 279 ; man.,
iii, 276, 278 #-9 ; man.-house, iii,
277 n ; Moss, iii, 280 n ; Nonconf.,
iii, 239, 282

Bickerstath, Ad. de, iii, 122 «, 276-7,
282 «, 436 ; Agnes de, iii, 203,
216 « ; Alan de, iii, 276 ; Alice de,
iii, 303 ; Anilla de, iii, 280 ; Avice
de, iii, 276 n ; Dionysia de, iii,
300 n ; Edw. de, iii, 276 n ; Eliz.
(de), iii, 277 n, 285 n ; Gilb., iii,
303; Hen. de, iii, 203, 216 «,
277, 280, 302-3 ; Hugh, iii, 303 ;
Joan de, iii, 277, 303, 436 ; Jno.
(de), iii, 277 n, 280, 303 ; Marg.
de, iii, 303 ; Margery de, iii, 300 ;
Maud (Malma) de, iii, 277 n, 302;
Nich., iii, 217 n, 303 ; Ralph de,
iii, 276-7, 281, 383 n; Rich, de,
iii, 213 n, 255 n, 277 n, 279, 282 n;
see also Garston ; Rob. (de), iii,
223 «, 275 «-7 n, 280 », 303 ;
Rog. de, iii, 276 ; Sim. de, iii, 175,
216 n, 276-7 n, 279, 300, 303;
Steph. de, iii, 213 n, 277 n ; Thos.,
iii, 302-3 ; Walt, de, iii, 276 ;
Will, de, iii, 279-80 ; see also
Bickersteth

Bickersteth, Jas., iii, 303 « ; Sim. de,
iii, 101 n ; see also Bickerstath ;
Exeter, bp. of ; Langdale, Lord ;
and Ripon, bp. of

Bickerton, Jno. de, iii, 379 n

Bickford, iv, 366 n

Bickinshaw, the, iii, 279 n

Bickiston Brook, see Beckington

Brook
Bicshaw, Bicswahe, (Rainford), iii,

383 «

Biddulph, Jno., iv, 103 »

Bidston, iii, 163 ; man., iii, 159,
164 n

Bikerstath, Bikersteth, see Bicker-
staffe

Bilby, Jno., see Bibby

Bild acre (Burscough), iii, 258 n

Billinge, iii, 278 » ; iv, 83, 86, 88 «,
96, 113 n ; v, 10 ; Beacon, iv, 83 ;
chap., iv, 65, 86 ; ch., iv,
86 ; Hall, iv, 83, 85 ; Hill, iv, 83,
87 ; man., iii, 169 ; iv, 83, 85 n-
6n, 88 n, 120 «, 133, 145 « ; v,
ion, n n; Nonconf.,. iv, 87;
Rom. Cath., iv, 87

Billinge Chapel End, iv, 57-8, 83,
87 ; chap., iv, 83 ; char., iv, 67

Billinge Higher End, iv, 57-8, 83 ;
char., iv, 67

Billinge, Ids. of, iii, 169

Billinge, Bulling, Ad. de, iii, 169 ;
iv, 83-4 ; Alan de, iv, 84 « ; Eliz.,
iv, 400 n ; Ellis, v, 248 n ; Eva de,
iv, 84 n ; Eyves de, iii, 384 n ;
Gilb. de, v, 10 ; Hen. de, iv, 84 n,
87 n ; Hugh (de), iii, 264 ; iv, 84 «,
129 ; Joan de, iv, 85 n ; v, 10 ;
Jno. (de), iii, 170, 385 n, 434 ; iv,
86 n; Marg. (de), iii, 170, 434;
iv, 86 n ; Margery (de), iii, 359 ;
iv, 86 n ; Ralph de, iv, 84 n ;
Rich., iv, 86 ; Rob. (de), iii, 385 n;
iv, 84 w-5 n, 400 n ; Sim. de, iv,
84 n ; Will, de, iv, 84 n ; fam.,.
iv, 84, 86

Billington, iv, 155

Billott, Thos., iv, 395 «

Billsbrough, Leuca de, iv, 246 « ;
Rob. de, iv, 246 n

Billy Brook, v, 273

Bilsborrow (Bilsborough), iii, 160 n,
338 n

Bimmeson, Rich., iii, 85 n ; Will.,
iii, 80 «, 85 n

Bindloss, Rog. de, v, 261 n

Bingley, Jno. de, iv, I34«; Kath.
de, iv, 134 n; Pet. de, iv, 134 n;
Rich, de, iv, 134 n ; Sibyl de, ivr
I34«; fam., iv, 134

Birch (Middleton), v, 1 69-70 «

Birch (Rusholme), iv, 303, 305 ;
chap., iv, 178, 308 ; ch., iv,
308 ; Fields, iv, 303, 306 ; Hall,
iv, 288, 306 ; Hall-houses, iv, 308,
337 n ; Nonconf., iv, 179 «, 308

Birch carr, see Bescar

Birch Green (Upholland), iv, 91

Birch House (Farnworth), v, 34

Birch, — , iv, I79«; v, 75 n;
Ambrose, iv, 280, 288 ; Anne, iv,
306 «, 308 ; v, 176^ ; Col., iv, 25;
Edw., iv, 392 n ; Eliezer, iv, 250 ;
Eliz., iv, 280, 304 n; Geo., iv,
243 «, 245 «, 277 n, 280-1, 305 «-
6«, 308; v, 147 », 176^; Hen.,
iv, I70«; Hen. M., v, 74;
Humph., see Wyrley ; Jas., iii,
347 n; v, 262 «; Jno., iv, 205,
2i2«-3, 274, 280, 302; Jno. P.t
iv, 280 n ; v, 266 ; Jos., iii, 174 ;
Maria, iv, 281 ; Dr. Pet., iv, 306 ;
Ralph, iv, 198, 280 «; v, 44;
Rich., v, 262 n ; Rob., iv, 205 n ;
Sam., iv, 213 n, 279-81 ; Sarah,
iv, 213 «, 280 n ; Thos., iii, 14 n ;
iv, I78», 277 #, 280-1, 306, 308 ;.

40

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Birch (cont!)

Sir Thos., iii, 174, 346 ; Sir Thos.

B., iii, 157, 346 «; Will., iv, 195,

305 n-6n ; fam., iv, 305
Birchall, Edw., iii, 5 1 ; Geoff., iv,

86 ; Geo., iii, 51 ; Jno., iii, 244 « ;

Rob., iv, 131 n; Will., iv, 67 »,

97

Birchall Houses, iv, 290 n
Birchamhead, v, 225 n
Birchbotham, iii, 50 n
Birchecar, Maud de, iii, 266 n
Birchen Bower, v, 121 n
Birches (Astley), iii, 445
Birches (Bradshaw), v, 270
Birches, Light, (Ashton under Lyne),

iv> 345

Birches, Ad. de or del, iii, 218 «,
300 w, 413 n ; iv, 371 »; v, 272 »;
Alex, de, iv, 305 «, 372 n; Cecily
del, iv, 329 n; Christiana del, iii,
i69«; Dulcia de, iii, 413^5
Edm., iv, 305 n ; Ellen de or del,
iv, 305 «, 372 n ; Hen. de or del,
iii, 447 «-8; iv, 305 «, 329 »;
Hugh del, iv, 329 n ; Joan de, iv,
305 «, 362 n ; Jno. del, iii, 170 n ;
Marg. de, iv, 305 n ; Margery de
or del, iii, I74«5 iv> 344 «J
Matth. de or del, iv, 298*2, 329 n;
Ralph, iv, 305 n ; Rich, de or del,
iii, 97 »; iv, 210 w, 329*2, 344 » ;
Rob. de or del, iii, i69»; iv,
210 n, 305 «, 365 «, 372 «, 374 n ;
Susan de, iv, 305 n ; Thos., iv,
305 » ; Will, (de or del), iv,
304 n 5»; v, 176 n; fam., iv,

329

Birchhaw, see Birshaw
Birchhey (Tottington), v, 143, 147 «
Birchinbrook, v, 217 n
Birchinley, v, 217, 221 «
Birchinshaw, Hen., iv, 98 n
Birchinshaw Hey, v, 274 n
Birchley, iii, 382 n ; iv, 83 ; v, 10,

1 1 n, 21 n ; Brook, iv, 84 n ; man.,

iv, 85 ; v, 1 1
Birchwood, v, 279
Birchwood, Hen. de, v, 279 n ; Rog.,

de, v, 279 n
Bircle, see Birtle
Bird, Jas., iv, 243 n ; Jno., iv, 97,

165 ; Marg., iv, 243 n ; Rog., iv,

207 #, 243 n ; Thos., iv, 260 n ;

Will., iv, 84 n

Bird Greatacre (Salford), iv, 207 n
Birghou, Ad. de, v, 213 «; Thos.

de, v, 213 n
Biri, see Bury
Birkdale, iii, 197 «, 226, 235 «-8 ;

Brook, iii, 196 «, 238 n ; chs., iii,

238 ; Cop, iii, 196 n, 238 n ;

man., iii, 51, 82, 194, 196, 237;

Nonconf., iii, 238 ; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 238 ; sch., iii, 238
Birkdale Hawes, see Meandale
Birkdale, Rich, de, iii, 48 n
Birkdene, iii, 50 n
Birkenhead, iv, 9, 35, 38 ; coll.,

iv, 54 ; docks, iv, 41-2 ; ferry, iv,

9 ; man., iv, 15
Birkenhead Priory, iii, 24, 27 «,

209, 212/2, 322; iv, 9, 80 «; v,

182, 186 ; priors of, iii, 14 w, 104,

268 n ; iv, 9, 15 ; Rob., prior of,

v, 1 86
Birkenhead, Ad., iii, 270 ; Eliz., iii,

270 ; iv, 82 n ; Ralph, iii, 146 ;

see also Birkhead, Byrkenhed
Birkenshaw, see Birtenshaw

Birkenshaw, Ad. de, v, 278 « ; Alan

de, v, 278 n ; Hen. de, v, 279 n ;

Jno. de, v, 279 n ; Rich, de, v,

278 n

Birkes, Ad. de, iii, 249
Birkett, Dan., iii, 419 ; Jane M., v,

76 ; Thos., iii, 449 ; Will.,iv, 279
Birkhead, Ad. de, iv, 72 «, 75 n ; v,

287 n ; Eliz., iv, 75 n ; Euphemia

de, iv, 75 n ; Hen. (de), iv, 75 n ;

v, 287 n; Hugh (de), iv, 75 n ;

v, 287 n; Janet, iii, 174/2; Joan

(de), iv, 75 n ; v, 287 n ; Jno. (de),

iii, 174 n, 356 n ; iv, 75 n ; Kath.,

iii, 401 «; Matth. de, iv, 75 n ;

Maud, iv, 75 n ; Ralph de, iv, 75 n;

Rich., iii, 401 n ; iv, 75 n ; Rob.

(de), iii, 243 n ; iv, 75 « ; Thurstan

de, iv, 75 n ; Will, (de), iv, 75 n ;

v, 287 n ; fam., iv, 75
Birkil, Birkhill, see Birtle
Birkinshaw Place, iii, 251 n
Birklands, iii, 262 «
Birkrod, v, 177
Birks, iv, 339
Birks, Ameria del, v, 296 n ; Rob.

del, v, 296 n

Birley, Hugh, iv, 191 ; Will., iv, 302
Birley Brook, iv, 68 n
Birmingham, Univ. of, iv, 54
Biroun, see Birun and Byron
Birrell, Augustine, iii, 19 n; Rev.

Chas. M., iii, 19
Birshaw, v, 94, 108-9
Birshaw, Ad. de, v, 109/2 ; Rich, de,

v, 109 n
Birtenshaw, v, 273, 278 ; Nonconf.,

v, 281
Birtle, v, 136, 141 «, 174, 177;

ch., v, 176; mans., v, 174;

Nonconf., v, 1 76
Birtle - with - Bamford, v, 129 «,

136/2-7/2, 139, 141/2,151, 160/2-

i «, 174, 176-7
Birtle, Birkhill, Ad. de, v, 174/2,

177 ; Rich, de, v, 177 ; Rog. de,

v, 1 74 ; Thos. de, v, 1 74 n
Birtwisle, Ellis de, iii, 311
Birun, Ad., v, 220 n ; Award, v,

220 n ; see also Buron and Byron
Biscarr, iii, 269 n
Bishop, Thos., iii, 52
Bishop Auckland, coll., v, 239 n
Bishop Eton, iii, 112
Bispeslowe (Pendleton), iv, 393 n
Bispham, iii, 164 n ; iv, TOO n ; Hall,

iv, 83, 85 ; man., iii, 162 n, 165 n
Bispham, Great, v, 24 n
Bispham, Ids. of, iii, 151 ; iv, 98
Bispham, Cecily de, iii, 254 n ;

Edm., iv, 58, 86 ; Ellen de, iii,

257 «; Frances, iv, 8$n-6n;

Hen., iii, 346 n ; iv, 67, 85 n ;

Jno. de, iii, 254 n ; Lawr., iv,

1 14 n ; Marg., iv, 85 n ; Matth. de,

iv, 101 n; Ralph de, iii, 384 n; Rob.

de, iii, 254 n ; Rog. de, iii, 257 n;

Sam., iv, 85 n ; Thos., iii, 384 n ;

iv, 85 n-6 ; Will., iv, 85 n-6, go n ;

v, 290 n ; fam., iv, 85, 90, 93
Bisset, Chas., iv, 97
Bituminous turf, iii, 192
Black, Mary L., iv, 131 n ; Will. F.,

iv, 165

Blackacre, iii, 379 «
Blackborne, Lawr., iii, 106
Blackbrook (Haydock), iv, 137, 140
Blackbrook (Parr), iii, 377, 381 ;

House, iii, 382 ; Nonconf., iii, 382 ;

Rom. Cath., iii, 382

Black Brook, riv., iii, 377, 445; iv,
83, 309 ; see also Glazebrook

Blackburn, iv, 16 ; v, 27; man., v,
13 ; vicarage, iv, 358 n

Blackburn Hundred, iv, 17 in; v,
123, 143, 150

Blackburn, Blakeburn, Ad. de, iii,
I26«; iv, 359; v, 27; Agnes
de, iii, 203 ; v, 27 ; Beatrice
de, v, 27; Ellen de, iii, 123,
126 » ; Hen. de, iii, H3«; Jno.
de, iii, 123 #-4, 126 n, 129;*,
151, 203; iv, 109 «; v, 7«, 197;
Sir Jno. de, iv, 365 n ; Kath. de,
iii, 203; Margery de, iii, U3«;
Rob. de, iii, 122-4, 126 nt 203,
423; Thos. (de), iii, 124/2, 127;
Will, (de), iv, 86, 127

Blackburne, Anna, iii, 307, 322 n ;
iv, 88 n ; Archd., v, 124 ; Edw., iii,
322 n ; Ellen, iii, 361 n ; Foster
G., v, 127; Ireland, iii, 147, 322 n;
Jno. (de), iii, 103, u6«, 124, 147,
291 «, 307, 319, 322 n ; iv, 67 n,
88 n - 9 n, 1 34, 1 63-4, 1 97 n, 360 «;
v, 74 n, 105, 1 1 8, 247 n ; Jno. I.,
iii, 147 ; Jonathan, iii, 307,
322 n ; v, 247 n ; Kath., v, 118 ;
Marg., v, 248 n ; Mary, iii, 361 « ;
Rich., iii, 322 «, 361 « ; iv, 88-9 w,
134 «, 136; Col. Rob. I., iii, 147,
149 ; iv, 163 n ; Thos., iii, 9, 1 24 «,
322 n; iv, 88»-9, 134, 136, 197,
360 ; v, 74, 248 «, 294 ; Will, (de),
iv, 88-9, 134 72-5 n ; fam., iii, 116,
147; iv, 134, 163

Black Death, the, iii, 187, 273 « ; iv,
7 n, 8 ; see also Plague

Blackfield (Blackley), iv, 256 n

Blackfield House (Kirkdale), iii, 35 n

Blackfields (Abram), iv, 114 n

Blackfields (Pennington), iii, 421,
429 »

Black flet Leys (W. Derby), iii, 17 n

Blackford Bridge, v, 88

Black Friars (rel. order), iv, 304 n

Blackball Ground (Bold), iii, 406 n

Blackhurst, iii, 363 n

Blacklache, iii, 249 n

Blacklade, iv, 271 n

Black Lane (Chadderton), v, 115

Black Lane (Radcliffe), v, 56 ; ch., v,
67 ; Nonconf., v, 67 n

Blackleach, Hannah, v, 53 n ; Sam.,
v, 53 « ; Will., iv, 63, 65

Blackledge Hall (Lathom), iii,

254 »

Blackledge, Blakelache, Alice, iii,
254 n; Eliz., iii, 254; Evan, iii,

254 ; Hen., iii, 254 n ; Huan, see
Sodor and Man, bp. of ; Jas., iii,
243, 246 «, 254 ; Jno., iii, 254 j
Marg., iii, 254 ; Rich., iii, 254 n ;
Thos., iii, 254

Blackleech, see Blackledge

Blackley (Manchester), iv, 174,
176 n, 178 «, 208 «, 230 «, 235 n-
6 «, 24672, 255, 264, 268 «, 270,
284 ; Amselford (Hoozleforth)
Gate, iv, 256 ; Boggart Hall, iv,

255 n; chap., iv, 178, 257 ; char.,
iv, 203-4 n ; ch., iv, 257 ; Fields,
iv, 255 ; Hall, iv, 255 ; man., iv,
255, 285 ; mills, iv, 255, 257 ;
Nonconf., iv, 258 ; oratory, iv,
257 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 251 «, 259 ;
sch., iv, 201 n, 258

Blackley (Prescot), iii, 361 ; Carr,

iii, 361 «
Blackley (Wigan), iv, 84 n

INDEX

Blackley, Higher, iv, 255 ; ch., iv,

258 ; Nonconf., iv, 258
Blackley Brook, iv, 84 n
Blackleyhurst, Blackley Hurst, iv,

67 », 86 n-8

Blacklock, Hen., iv, 357
Blacklow, iv, 1 60 n ; v, 30 n
Black Mere, iii, 199 «, 224
Blackmoor (Astley), iii, 445 ;

Nonconf., iii, 449
Black Moor (Ditton), iii, 398 #,

402 n
Blackmoor (W. Derby), iii, 13 « ;

Moss, iii, 13, 15 n
Blackmore, Thos., iii, 26 n
Black Moss, iii, 414
Blackmould (Kirkdale), iii, 36 n
Black Otter (Halsall), iii, 192
Blackow, the, (Uitton), iii, 399 n
Blackpits, see Norden
Black Prince, the, iii, 389 n
Blackridding, the, (Haydock), iv,

140 n
Blackrod, iii, 425 « ; iv, 58, 332 «,

360 «, 382 «; v, 7«, 235, 238 «,

299> 3O1 » cast., v, 299 j chant.,

v, 241, 303 ; chap., v, 241, 300,

303 ; char., iv, 67 »; v, 243 ;

ch., v, 303 ; fair, v, 299 ; Hall,

v, 301 ; man., iii, 360, 424, 436 ;

iv, 115-6; v, 299; Nonconf., v,

303 ; sch., v, 303
Blackrod, Ellen de, iv, 1 14 n ; Hen.

de, iv, 1 14 n ; Maud de, v, 269 « ;

Rob. de, iv, 1 14 « ; Turcok de, v,

268 n ; Will, de, v, 268 n
Blackshaw Brook, iii, 229 n ; v, 1 80,

262, 266

Blackstake, iv, 288 n
Blackstone clough (Rainford), iii,

382;*
Blackstone Edge, iii, 117 ; v, 188-90,

206, 222, 227, 229
Blackstone lee, iii, 142 n
Blackstub, Alex, de, v, 218 n
Blackwall, Jno., iv, 186, 262 ; Thos.,

iv, 264 n

Blackwell Hey, iv, 166 «
Blackwell Shaw, iv, 166 n
Blacon, iii, 135-6
Blacow, Rich., iii, 18
Bladon (Oxon.), iii, 297 »
Blagge, Jno., v, 148
Blague Gate (Lathom), iii, 248
Blair, Steph., v, 242, 273
Blakebank, iii, 260 n
Blakeburn, see Blackburn
Blake butts (Beswick), iv, 281 n
Blakeford, iii, 298 n
Blakehey, iii, 194
Blakehill Moss, iii, 373 «
Blakelache, see Blackledge
Blakelands heads, iii, 270 n
Blakeley, iv, 131 n; see also Blackley
Blakelow, iv, 370 n
Blakelow(e), Margery de, v, 79 « ;

Thos., v, 65 ; Will, de, v, 79 n
Blakelowe, brook, iii, 444
Blake Moor, iii, 50 n
Blakemore, iii, 445
Blakeney, Rob. B., iii, 229
Blakesik, iii, 444
Blakestake, iv, 254 n
Blakewell Meadow (Urmston), v, 51
Blake y, Pet., v, 179
Blanc, Alb. le, iii, 1 89
Blanchard, Ad., iii, 84 n • Gilb., iii,

84 n ; Huan, iii, 84 n ; Jno., iii,

84 n ; Jos., iii, 84 n ; Rich., iii,

84 « ; Rob., iii, 84 » ; Swain, iii,

Blanchard (cont.)

84 n ; Thos., iii, 90 n ; Will., iii,
84 n ; fam., iii, 84

Bland, Ad., iv, 266, 273 n ; v, 275 ;
Alice, iv, 266, 273 n, 285 ; v,
275 ; Lady (Dame) Ann, iv, 179,
203,231-2,238, 247, 291, 293 «,
296-7, 337 J Cath., iii, 292 n ; Sir
Jno., iv, 232, 291, 293 «, 296-7 «,
337 ; fam., iv, 293

Blatchinworth, v, 189, 2I7«, 222

Blatchinworth and Calderbrook, v,
187-8 «, 222, 227

Blayney, Rowland, iv, 309

Bleaching industry, iii, 121 n; iv,
276, 282, 326, 392 ; v, 6, 7, 12,
129, 173, 182, 245,251, 255, 270,

273

Bleakedgate, v, 220
Bleakedgate with Roughbank, v,

213

Bleakley, Jos., iv, 268 «
Blebury, Jno. de, iii, 418, 420, 446-

7«

Blethin, Will., iii, 266 n
Blindeshill, Blindsill, v, 34, 40 n
Blind Hurst (Culcheth), iv, 1 56 n
Blindishill, Blindshill, Blindsill, Ad.

de, v, 40 «; Hen. de, v, 35 «,

37 «, 39«>4o«
Blinkhorn, Geo., iii, 66 j Jno., iii,

66 n

Blinston, Cecily, iv, 45 n
Blomele, Rog., v, 156
Blomeley, Geo., iv, 287 n
Blood, Andr., iv, i8o«; Mary, iv,

161 « ; Col. Thos., iv, 161 n
Blore, Edw., iv, 382
Blore Heath, battle, iii, 69
Blount, Sir Edw., iii, 212, 385 ; Lady

(Dame) Frances, iii, 50, 78, 212,

385 ; Jno., iv, 210 n ; Sir Will. (le),

iii, 62 n ; iv, 6
Blower, Rich , iii, 425, 429
Bio wick, iii, 232 «-3 n ; ch., iii,

236 n ; Nonconf., iii, 236
Bloxden, Hugh de, iv, 306 ft
Blue Pits, see Castleton
Blund, Jno. le, iii, 133 n ; Steph. le,

iii, 310
Blundel(l) Ad., iii, 202 «, 360 ;

Agnes, iii, 79 «, 81 «, 86-8 «, 92,

J39«, 203 «, 211 ; Alice, iii, 81,

190 ; Aline, iii, 87 ; Almeria, iii,

80 n ; Amarica, iii, 79 ; & Co., iv,
89 « ; Benedict, iii, 200 ; Boniface,
iii, 88 n ; Bridget, iii, 190 ; Bryan,
iv, 46 n, 55 ; C(K)ath., iii, 81 «-2,
203, 208 ; v, low ; Chas. R., iii,
82; Clemency, iii, 80 n; Clementina
iii, 92 n; Dav., iii, 86-7, I39«,
357 «; Edw., iii, 92 n, 346 n ;
Eleanor, iii, 87 «, 365 ; Eliz., iii,

81 n ; Ellen, iii, 80 », 88 «, 441 «;
Emma, iii, 8o«-i «, 92, 302;
Frances, iii, 269 ; Geo., iii, 88 n ;
Hen., iii, 34 », 52 n, 58, 62, 72,
78, 80-4, 86 «-8, 92 «-3, 203, 205-
6, 211, 214, 218, 223 n, 298-9,
396, 398 ; iv, 107 n • v, 6, 8, 10 »,
II, 298 ; Col. Hen. B. H., iii, 12 n,
1 88 ; Isabel, iii, 81 ; Jas., iii, 81,
88, 93 ; iv, 69 n ; Joan, iii, 80,
87 n-8, 302, 398 ; Jno., iii, 34 n,
75 n, 80, 87-8 n, go n, 139 n, 200,
202 n; Jonathan, iii, I2«, 188,
190 n, 196 ; Jos., iii, 90 n ; Marg.,
iii, 34 w, Son, 267 «, 379 n ;
Margery, iii, 88, 90 n \ Mary, iii,
8 1 «, 197 «, 205 ; Maud, iii, 80 «,

315

Blundel(l) (cont.)

87, 302 ; Nich., iii, 50-1 «, 58, 72,
81, 84 #, 86 «-93 «, no, 140,
i8o«, 193, 232, 267 n, 274 «,
396 «, 441 n ; iv, 107 n, 149 n ;
Rich., iii, 72 n, 79, 85, 88-9 n,
92-3 «, 200, 266 n ; iv, 107 n ;
Rob., iii, 34 «, 48-9 «, 51, 81-2,
85-6, 88 n, 196-7, 204 n-6, 237-8,
269, 289, 298, 302, 337 n; see
also Ainsdale and Goch ; Sir
Rob., iii, 50 n ; Rose, iii, 79 n ;
R. B. B. H., iii, 190 ; Siegrith, iii,
20 1 ; Sim., iii, 200-1 ; Thos., iii,
8in-2n, 88 n, 190, 275, 302;
Thos. B. H., iii, 190 ; Thos. W.,
iii, 208 ; Will., iii, 47 «, 49, 67 «,
77 n, 79-81, 83-4 n, 87 n, 89-92,
200, 203, 222 n, 302, 354 «, 360,
379 «, 398 n j Will. J., iii, 90, 92 ;
fam., iii, 47, 60, 70, 81 «-2, 85 n-
7 «, 90, 92 ; v, 8 «

Blundellsands, iii, 91 ; ch., iii, 95 ;
Nonconf iii, 95 ; Rom. Cath., iii,

95

Blundell's Hill, iii, 368 ; Cross, iii,
368

Blunden, fam., iii, 87 n

Blundeville, Ranulf, see Chester,
earl of

Blundus, Ad., v, i63«

Blunt, Marg., v, 60 n ; Rich., v, 60 n

Blyndeshull, Hen. de, see Blindishill

Blyth, priory, v, 157 n

Blyth, Rog. de, iii, 228 n

Blythe, iii, 254 ; Hall, iii, 248

Blythe Meadow (Aughton), iii, 254 n

Blythe, Geoff., see Chester, bp. of ;
Hen. de, iii, 254 ; Jno. de, iii,
254 ; Jno. D., iv, 340 ; Marg., iii,
254 ; Rich, de, v, 157 ; Rob. de,
iii, 254, 263 n ; Rog. de, iii, 254 ;
Thos., iii, 254 n

Boardinan, Jno., iv, 147, 149 ; v,
280 ; Jos., iv, 296 ; Otes, iv, 274 n;
Ralph, iv, 373 n ; Rog., iii, 441 «;
Sam., iv, 199 «; Sergeant, iv,
203 ; Thos., v, 187 ; Will., v, 12 «

Boardman's Tenement (Harpurhey),
iv, 270

Boarsgreave, v, 150

Boarshaw, v, 161, 168

Boate, — , iv, 391

Boatfield, iv, 364

Bobbin, Tim, iii, 340 n ; v, 50, 190,
196, 222

Bochard, Hugh, iii, 304 n ; Jno., iii,
241 n, 304 n ; fam., iii, 304

Boden, Sam., iv, 97

Bodiarda, iii, 135 n

Bodley, G. F., iv, 52, 404 n

Boggart Hole Clough, iv, 255

Bog Land (Aughton), iii, 304 n

Bokedene, mill dam at, iii, 356 n

Bokeside, iv, 98 n

Bokulhurst, iv, 3 1 2 n

Bold, iii, 14672, 34i-2«, 399 n, 402 ;
iv, 138-9 ; chap., iii, 405 n ; char.,
iii, 347 ; Hal), iii, 360 n, 407, 409;
Heath Cross, iii, 402 ; House, iii,
226, 233 ; Idshp. and man., iii,
318 w, 391, 403 ; oak groves, iii,
403, 407; Old Hall, iii, 402-3,
406 n

Bold Lane, iii, 292 n

Bold, Ad. de, iii, 403 ; Agnes de, iii,
405 n ; iv, 374 ; Alice de, iii,
404 «, 408 «; iv, 138; Anne, iii,
406 ; Anna M., iii, 233, 407 ;
Arth., iii, 406 n ; Baldwin, iii, 391;

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Bold (cont.)

Boniface (de), iii, 267 ft, 405 n ;
Bridget, iii, 233, 350 w, 406 «;
Dorothea, iii, 233, 407 ; iv, 161 n ;
Dulcia (Dowse), iii, 405 » ; Eliz.,
iii, 232, 405 n-6 n, 408 ; iv, 162 n ;
v, 1 1 n; Ellen (de), iii, 392 n, 404-5 ;
Lady Emma, iii, 404-5 n; Frances,
iii, 233 ; Fran., iii, 405 n-6 n, 408,
412 ft; Geoff, de, iv, 374 ; Gilb.,
iii, 388 n ; Grace de, iii, 405 ;
Hen. (de), iii, 233 «, 342, 403 «-
4 «, 408 n ; v, 72 « ; Sir Hen. (de),
iii, 88 «, 134, 405; iv, 103 n ;
Hytel de, iii, 403 n ; Jane, iii, 226,
406 « ; Jno. (de), iii, 229 n, 232,
356, 362, 4o5«-6«; iv, 21 i #,
374; v, 11 n; Sir Jno. (de), iii,
83 n, 218, 266 », 341, 376, 391.
404 ; see also Conway Castle,
constable of ; Kath. (de), iii, 349,
405; iv, 21 in, 374; Lady, iii,
376 ; Lancelot, iii, 406 n ; Marg.,
de, iii, 267 n, 342, 402 », 405-6 »,
408 ; iv, 161 n ; Margery de, iii,
I39> 35 ! »t 369 «» 404 ; Mary, iii,
233, 39i» 407 ; Matth. de, iii, 403-
4 n, 408 n ; iv, 138 ; Sir Matth. de,
iii, 403 « ; Maud (de), iii, 292 ; iv,
103 n; Nich. de, iii, 125, 359«,
404 n ; iv, 374 ; Pet, (de), iii, 233,
321 «, 347 «, 404 n, 406, 408 n ;
Pet. P., iii, 233, 321 n, 407;
Randle (de), iii, 389, 404 n, 408 ;
Rich, (de), iii, 38 «, 226, 233, 292 n,
326, 343 », 349, 356,358, 361 «-2,
391, 398 w, 402 n-8 ; see also
Alvandley ; Sir Rich, (de), iii, 145-
6, 314 «, 374, 405 ; Rob. (de), iii,
292, 388 «, 403-5 », 408 n ; Rog.
de, iii, 1 1 5 n, 403 n, 409 » ; Sibyl
(de), iii, 356 n, 404; Sim. de, iii,
404 n ; Thos., iii, 328, 342, 404 ;
iv, 128 n; Sir Thos., iii, 233,
350 «, 356 n, 403 n, 406, 409;
Tuger (Tucher), iii, 356, 364 n,
397^,405 ; Waltania de, iii, 403;
Will, de, iii, 358^, 402 «-4, 406-
7 n, 409 n ; fam., iii, 341

Bold-Hoghton, Dorothea, iii, 233,
407 ; Sir Hen., iii, 233, 326, 407

Bold's Acre (Sutton), iii, 362

Bolehalgh, see Bulhalgh

Bolen, Will., see Winchester, archd.
of

Bolers, Agnes de, iii, 87 ; Baldwin
de, iii, 87 n ; Steph. de, iii, 87 n

Bolesnape, hey of, iv, 358 «

Bolesworth Castle, iv, 239 n

Boleyn, Anne, iii, 161, 195 ; iv,
161 n

Boleyne, Will., iv, 127

Bolholt, v, 143

Bolland, Will., see Cockersand,
abbot of

Bollin, iv, 332, 367

Bollington, iv, 200 n

Bollyng, Jno., iv, 359 n

Bollynge, see Billinge

Bolsterstan, see Balderston

Bolton, Bolton-le-Moors, iii, 163-4,
234 »; iv, 171, 312; v, I, 6, 7,
13 «, 14, 235, 243-4, 249, 251,
255, 260, 263, 266, 281, 295;
adv., v, 238 ; boro., v, 5 »,
9, 12, 26, 249, 255, 260, 263,
266, 295 ; Bradshaw Gate, v,
243-4 J char., v, 242, 244 ;
ch., iv, 263; v, 13 «, 237,
240 n-i n, 243, 250, 274 n ; Ex-

Bolton (cont.)

change, v, 245 ; Man and Scythe
Inn, v, 244 ; man., iii, 162 n ; v,
12 n, 245 ; mkt. and fairs, v,
244-5, 249 ; newspapers, v, 245 ;
Nonconf., v, 241, 250 ; pks.,
v, 251, 286, 291 ; parl. repr., v,
250 ; prebend, v, 238 ; Rom.
Cath., v, 251 ,- sch., v, 251, 265 ;
Stone Inn, Church Gate, iii,
164 n; sts., v, 251; trade, v,

244 ; volunteers, v, 244 ; wards,
v, 249 ; waterworks, v, 273, 282

Bolton, Ids. of, v, 247 n

Bolton, Great, v, 235, 243, 249-50 ;
char., v, 242 ; ind., v, 245 ;
Id. of, iv, 171 ; Nonconf., v,
250, 254 ; pk., v, 244 ; sts. and
rds., v, 243

Bolton, Little, (Bolton), v, 235, 249-
51, 260; char., v, 242 ; chs., v,
254; Hall, v, 253; man., v,

245 #, 251; Nonconf., v, 254;
pks., v, 251 ; Rom. Cath., v, 255

Bolton, Little, (Pendleton), iv, 392,

395 ; Hall, iv, 396 n
Bolton, Little, Higher End, v, 250
Bolton by Bowland, iv, 264 n
Bolton (Eccles), iv, 312 n, 358 n
Bolton-in-Furness, iii, i6o»
Bolton Percy, iv, 349 n
Bolton Brook, iv, 395 n ; v, 186
Bolton and Manchester Canal, v,

245, 255, 263 ; aqueduct, v, 262
Bolton Lectureship, v, 241-2, 250,

254

Bolton, Ad. (de), iv, 114, 395 n ; v,
248 n ; Alex, de, v, 251 n; Alice
(de), iii, 377 n ; iv, 395 n ; v, 252 »;
Barbara, v, 252 n ; Cath., iii,
27 « ; Clarice de, iv, 61 n ; Edm.,
v, 40, 252 n; Edw., iv, 114 n;
Eleanor, v, 252 n ; Eliz., iv, 1 14 n ;
v, 252 n ; Ellen (de), iv, 389 n ; v,
252 n; Geoff, de, v, 248 n; Geo., v,
40 n, 252 n ; Harebottell, v, 252 n;
Hen. (de), iii, 149, 415, 421, 431 ;
iv, 206 «, 211 n, 373 «, 389 n,
395 n ; v, 10 n, 12 n, 248 n ;
Isabel de, iv, 377 n ; v, 248 n ;
Jas., iii, 17 n ; v, 13 «, 40 n, 239 ;
Jane, iii, 27 n ; iv, 78 « ; v,
252 n ; Janet, v, 232 n ; Joan,
v, 40 ; Jno. (de), iii, 27, 377 n ; iv,
32, 389 n ; v, 248 ft, 25 1 n-2 n ;
Lettice, v, 252 n ; Mabel de, v,
12 n ; Marg. de, iv, 267 n; v,
252 n; Margery de, iv, 373 n;
Mary, iii, 347 n ; Olive de, iv,
242 », 378 n, 389 «; Pet., v,
252 n; Randle de, v, ion, 12 »,
239; Rich, (de), iv, 87, 211 n,
242 «, 377 n, 389 », 395 n, 404 « ;
v, 252; Rob. (de), iii, 17 n, 27,
156 n ; iv, 1 1 1 n, 1 14 «, 267 n ; v,
41, 241 n, 252, 255 «, 288 n ; Rog.
(de), iv, 97, 297; v, 136 », 251-2,
259 #, 288 n ; Sam., iv, 186, 334 ;
Thos. (de), iii, 17 n, 228, 244 ; iv,
209 n, 395 n ; v, 197 ; Will, (de),
iii, 9, 42 n, 98, 182 «, 244, 430;
iv, ii4«, 395 ; v, 252
Bolymer, Rich., iii, 86 n ; Rog., iii, 93
Bond, Geo., iii, 391
Bone, Jno., iii, 343 n
Bonetable, Agnes, iii, 388 «
Bongs (Crumpsall), iv, 262 ; Farm,

iv, 264 n

Boniface VIII (Pope), iii, 105 n\
iv, 193 «-4 «

316

Boniface IX (Pope), iii, 203 »

Bonnel, Mons., iii, 121 n

Bonner, [Edmund], see London,
bp. of

Bonyard, Rich., iii, 270 n

Boochey, v, 225 »

Bookbinding industry, iv, 35

Booker, Jas., iv, 258 ; Jno., iv,
186; v, 75

Boorde, Rob., iii, 34 «

Booth Hall (Blackley), iv, 208 «,
256

Booth, Ad. de, iv, I34«; Agnes
del, iv, 366 n ; Alex, del, iv,
304 n ; Alice, iv, 332 n ; v, 181 n ;
Anne, iii, 336 ; iv, 208 n, 256,
288, 367, 380 n ; v, 181 ft ; Barton,
iv, 364 ; Chris., v, 147 n ; Dorothy,
iii, 268 ; iv, 275, 280, 359 n, 367 ;
Douce, iv, 277, 367 ; Edw., iii,
324 n ; Eliz., iii, 346 n ; iv, 208 «

342 n, 349 «, 35 1 n ; v, 52, 147 n ;
see also Delamere, Lady ; Ellen
(del), iv, 208 n, 366 n ; v, 52 n;
Frances, iii, 268 ; Geo., iv, 208 n,
342-3 «, 345 n, 348 n ; v, 100 n,
147 n; see also Delamere, Ld., and
Warrington, earl of ; Sir Geo.,
iii, 306, 319; iv, 179 n, 295,

343 «, 349 «-5° > v, 126 «; Hen.,
iii, 433 ; iv, 367 », 396 n ; see
also Warrington, earl of; Hugh
de, iv, 134 n ; Humph., iv, 191,
203, 208 «-io, 215, 254 «, 256,
281 n, 396 ; v, 115 «, 254 ; Joan,
"i, 336 ; iv, 332 n ; Jno. (de or
del), iii, 336 n ; iv, 208 n, 269 n,
275, 287 n-S, 332, 366-7, 370 «-
I », 373 «-4» 38o », 382-3 « ;
v, 50 «, 147 n, 164 «~5 n ; see also
Exeter, bp. of ; Sir Jno., iii,
336; iv, 367; v, 52, 145 »; Jno.
E., iv, 302; Jno. G., iv, 215,
396 ; Jos., iv, 258 n ; Kath. (del),
»v, 157 «, 343 «, 367 ; v, 50 n ;
Hon. Langham, iii, 433 ; Lawr.,
iv, 354 ; see also York, archbp.
of ; Loretta del, iv, 366 ; Marg.
(del), iv, 323 «, 332, 342-3 », 367 ;
v, 261 n; Margery, iii, 267; iv,
284 ; Mary, iv, 209 «, 342 w-3 n ;
Nich., iv, 367 #, 396 n ; Ralph,
v, 181, 267 n; Rich, (del), iii, 333;
iv, 371 n ; v, 147 n • Rob. (del), iv,
208 n-g n, 254, 342 n, 366-7 ; Sir
Rob., iii, 267, 336 ; iv, 195 », 277,
367; Rog. (del), iv, 366 n-j, 374 n ;
v, 181 n ; Sam., iii, 385 ; iv, 216;
Susan, iv, 208 n ; Thos. (de or
del), iii, 395 n ; iv, 157 «, 175,
200 n, 275, 280-1, 288, 319, 332 n,
361 «, 366-7, 370 n, 373 «, 396 n ;
v, 48 ; Sir Thos., iv, 367 ; Thurs-
tan (del), iv, 366 n ; v, 149 n ;
Vera, iv, 380 n ; Will, (de or del),
iii, 319; iv, 254, 277, 304 »,
342 «-3 n, 348 », 354, 380 n;
v, 147 n ; see also York, archbp.
of; Sir Will, iv, 342-3 n ; fam.,
iv, 194 n, 208, 342-3 n, 356 «,
361, 366-7 ; v, 50, 146

Boothclough, iv, 266 «

Booths, the, (Knutsford), iv, 309 n

Booths (Worsley), iii, 442 ; iv,

366 », 378, 382, 390; Hall, iv,

376

Booths, Jno. del, see Booth
Boothstown, iii, 439 n ; iv, 376 ;

Nonconf., iv, 392 ; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 445 ; sch., iv, 362 «

INDEX

Bootle, Bootle cum Linacre, iii, 5, 6,
31, 240 ; iv, I ; adv., iii, 34 ; Bay,
iii, 32 ; boro., iii, 34, 99 ; iv, 38 ;
char., iii, 10 n, 1 14 ; Coffee House,
iii, 67 #; dcks., iii, 31-2, in ;
Ighth., iii, 31 ; Idshp. and man.,
iii, 32-3, 37-8, 46-7 n ; Marsh,
iii, 32 ; mills, iii, 32 ; pks., iii,
34 ; springs, iii, 32, 38 ; wards,

i», 34

Bootle, Abra., iii, 253 n ; Ad. de,
iii, 212, 253 «, 292 n; Alice (de),
iii, 210, 253 n ; Caryll, iii, 253 n ;
Cecily (de), iii, 213, 217, 253 n;
Edm., iii, 213, 253 n; Eliz., iii,
77 », 253 n ; Ellis de, iii, 39 n ;
Ferd., iii, 213, 253 n; Hen. (de),
iii, 39 «, 53 #-4 «, 98, 210, 212 «-
3, 253 n ; Hugh (de), iii, 27 «,
253 n ; Jane, iii, 78 ; Joan de,
iii, 27 « ; Jno. (de), iii, 27 n, 39 «,
97 n, 151, 213, 253 «; Margery
de, iii, 213 n ; Mary, iii, 253;
Matth., iii, 253 n ; Nich. de, iii,
210-1, 213, 253 n ; Rich, (de), iii,
212, 240, 253 ; Rich. W., iii, 214,
253 ; Rob. (de), iii, 77 «-8, 183,
199 «, 211 «, 213, 253, 264 n;
see also Johnson, Rob. ; Rog. de,
iii, 39 «; R. W., iii, 256 ; Thos.
(de), iii, 39 «, 212-3, 217, 219-20,
253 n\ Sir Thos., iii, 214, 240,
247 «, 253, 283; iv, 28, 93, 99,
100 ; Will, iii, 58 n, 78 n; fam.,
iii, 27 n. 39, 240 n, 253 n ; iv, 10

Borchestuoe, see Burscough

Borden, Borsdane, brook, iv, 106 ;
v, 20 ; Wood, iv, 118

Bordley, Sim. G., iii, 291

Bordman, Chris., iv, 131 «

Borel, Will, de, v, 44 n

Boroughbridge, battle of, v, 89

Borron, Edw., iii, 307 n ; Jno. A.,
iii, 308 ; iv, 372 « ; fam., iii,
321

Borsdane, see Borden

Borton, Bourghton, see Broughton

Bortounwod, see Burtonwood

Bosham (Suss.), v, 66 n

Bosley, iii, 163 n; man., iii, 159

Bosses (Barton), iv, 364

Bostock, Rog., iii, 297-8

Bosvile, Bosville, Eliz., iii, 167,
279 n ; Thos., iii, 279 n

Boswell, Dav., iii, 135

Bosworth, battle of, iii, 33, 53, 160,

33°

Boteler, see Butler
Boterind(e), Alice, iv, 242 n ; Hen.,

iv, 241 #-3 n, 246 n ; Rich, (de),

iv, 243 n, 246 n ; fam., iv, 243
Boterwrth, see Butterworth
Botham, Ellis de, iv, 315-6 n;

Maud de, iv, 316 n
Bothams, iv, 92 n
Bothe, Jno., see Exeter, bp. of;

Thos. (de or del), iii, 440, 446
Bothell, Bothull, Botle, see Bootle
Botiler, see Butler
Botling, Jno., iv, 74 n ; Rich., iv,

74 n ; Will., iv, 74 «
Boton, Rob., iii, 127
Bottling Wood, iv, 68 «, 73
Bottom Hill, iii, 217 n
Bottomley, iv, 255 n
Bottom Slack, iii, 217 «
Boughton, v, 20 n
Bouker, Thos. le, iv, 265 « ; see

also Bowker
Boule, Will., v, 44 «

Boulogne, Steph., count of, iii, 67,
95 ; see also Mortain ; Will.,
count, of, iii, 23 n ; see also
Mortain, and Warren, count of

Boult, Benj., iii, 151 n

Boulton, Anne, iv, 131 n; Jno., iii,
113 n; Rich., iii, 290; Rob., iii,
17 »; Will., iii, 113; Will. H.,
iii, 290

Boultons, iii, 18 «, 207

Bour(g)chier, Thos., see Canterbury,
archbp. of

Bourne, — , iv, 179 «, 257 n; Will.,
iv, 196 #, 199, 328 «

Bourtonewod, see Burtonwood

Bow, Chris., iv, 124

Bowbrook Head, iv, 209 n

Bowden, Jas., v, 98 n; Rich., see
Baldwin

Bowdon, iii, 336 n

Bowdon, Ad. de, iv, 365 n ; Rich,
de, iv, 388 n ; Thos. de, iv, 388 n ;
Will, de, iv, 388 n

Bo we, Will., iii, 107

Bowen, Chas. J., iv, 322

Bower, Jeremiah, v, 253 n ; Jno.,
iii, 101 ; Mary, v, 253 n ; Rich,
(le), iii, 356 «, 366 n ; Rob., iii,
17 ; Will., iii, 31 #, I27«, 360 n

Bowers, Geo. H., see Manchester,
dean of

Bowes, Joan, v, 1 1 n ; Jos., v, 303 ;
Sir Martin, v, 1 1 «

Bowker, Ad., iv, 243 n ; Alice, iv,
243 n ; Ann, iv, 268 n • Benj., iv,
268 n ; Edw., iv, 243 «, 266 «,
268 n ; Eliz., iv, 268 n ; Geoff.,
iv, 243 «, 268 n ; Geo., iv, 268 «,
362 n ; Jas., iv, 264 ; Jane, iv,
268 n ; Jno., iv, 243 n ; see also
Booker ; Marg., iv, 242 n ; Maria,
iv, 268 n ; Nich., iv, 268 n ;
Oliver, iv, 268 n ; Pet., iv, 243 n ;
Ralph, iv, 255 ; Rich., iv, 264 ;
Rob., iv, 264 ; Thos., iv, 362 n ;
Zenobia A., iv, 268 n ; fam., iv,
243, 268 ; see also Bouker

Bowker Hall, iv, 268

Bowker's Green, iii, 285

Bow Lee, Bowlee, v, 80, 82 ; Com-
mon, v, 82 n ; Nonconf., v, 169

Bowler, v, 161

Bowman, Isaac, iii, 52

Bowring Park, Liverpool, iv, 40

Bowstone Hill, v, 133, 268

Bowwright, fam., iv, 76 n

Bowyer, Thos., iii, 383 n

Boyce, Sir Rubert, iv, 53

Boydell, Ellen, v, 52 #; Hen., iii,
433 n; Hugh, iv, II2«; Isabel,
iv, 112 n; Marg., iv, 1 1 2 n ; Rob.,
iv, 112 n; Thos., v, 52 n; fam.,
iii, 305 »; iv, 125 n

Boydells Field, the, (Westleigh), iii,

425

Boyer, Jno., iii, 101 ; Pet., iii, 277 n
Boys, Hen., iii, 72
Boysnope, Boylesnape, iv, 363-6 #,

370, 374 n

Braboner, Rob., iv, 349
Brace, Fran., iii, 15 n
Bracebridge, man., iv, 336 n
Bracebridge, Ellen de, v, 102 « ;

Geoff, de, v, 101 n-2 n ; Sir Geoff.

de, iv, 241 « ; Rich, de, iv, 365 « ;

v, 21 ; Rob. de, iv, 241
Brackenthwaite, iii, 255 «, 262 n
Brackley, iii, 88 n ; iv, 381
Brackley, Visct., iv, 382 ; Thos.

Egerton, iii, 432 ; iv, 380

317

Bradburn, Eliz., v, 166 «
Bradbury, Eliz., v, 94 n ; Will., v,

76 n

Braddock, Thos., iv, 256 n
Braddyll, Jno., v, 145, 204 n, 214 n
Bradebroch, v, 26 n
Bradeclache, see Broadclough
Bradefield, Joan de, v, 232 n ; Rob.

de, v, 232 n
Bradeheme, v, 270
Bradeland, iii, 23 1 n
Bradelegh, see Bradley
Bradeley, Rog., v, 125
Bradenham, West, (Norf.), sch., iv,

Bradeshagh, see Bradshaw

Bradeyate Ford, iii, 250 n

Bradford, iv, 174, 176 «, 178 «,
230 n, 235 n-6n, 271, 272 n, 274,
280, 282-3 n > cb.j iv, 275 ; man.,
iv, 275, 288 ; mills, iv, 274 ; Non-
conf., iv, 275 ; pk., iv, 274 ; Rom.
Cath., iv, 275

Bradford, Sir Hen. Bridgeman,
baron, iv, 64 n ; v, 1 85

Bradford, earls of, iv, 60, 63 n ; v, 35,
38 », 184, 247, 259 ; Geo. A. F.
H. Bridgeman, v, 185 n; Geo.
C. O. Bridgeman, v, 185 «;
Orlando Bridgeman, v, 185 «;
Orlando G. C. Bridgeman, v,
185 n

Bradford, Hugh, iv, 329 n ; Jno.,
iii, 64 ; iv, 195 «, 199, 242 », 257 ;
Marg., iv, 257/2, 329 «; Thos.,
iv, 257 «; Will., iv, 244 n

Bradley, iv, 138, 283 n ; Brook, iii,
325, 327; chap., iii, 327 n; Hall,
iii, 327; man., iii, 327; iv, 139 n

Bradley Ford, iii, 1 77 «

Bradley, Ids. of, iii, 329

Bradley Syke (Pendleton), iv, 395 n

Bradley, Ad. de., v, 208 n ; Alan de,
iii, 193 », 380 n ; Ellen, iii, 75 n ;
Geo., iii, 75 n ; Hen., v, 290 n ;
Marion de, iii, 380 n ; Piers, v,
289 n ; Rob. de, iii, 380 n ; Rog.
M. de, iii, 393 n ; Thos. de., iii,
393 n ; Will., v, 293 n

Bradshagh, Ad. de, iii, 424 ; iv,
107 #-8 «; v, 21 n, 24 «, 300 «;
Agnes (de), iii, 293 n ; iv, 1 16 n ;'
v, 143 n ; Alan de, v, 269 n ; Alice
(de), iii, 293, 428; iv, ii6»;
Amice de, iv, 108, 149 n ; Anne, iv,
n6»-7»; Chas., iv, I34«;
Christiana de, iii, 293 n, 428 ;
Chris., iv, u6«; Cicely (Cecily)
de, iii, 293 «, 428; iv, 157 n ;
Constance, iv, 1 1 6 ; Dorothy, iii,
337 ; Edw., iii, 293 ; iv, 99 «,
121 n ; Eliz., iv, 121 « ; v, 90 n ;
Frances, iii, 268 ; Gilb., iv, Ii6«;
Hen. (de), iii, 293, 424, 427 ; iv,
H7«, 121 «, 149 w, 162/2; v,
24 «, 300 « ; Hugh de, iii, 424 ;
v, 90, 300 n ; Humph., iv, 121 n ;
Isabel de, iii, 267, 293 ; iv, 108 «,
n6«; Ivo, iv, n6»; Jas., iii,
263 «, 289-90, 293, 303-4 n; iv,
116, 121 n ; Jane, v, 301 n ; Joan
(de), iii, 424, 427-8; iv, n6«,
149 «, 162 n \ Jno. de, iii, 289,
424; iv, 116, 121 »; v, 143 «,
252 n; Kath. (de), iii, 293 «; v,
30 n ; Mabel de, iii, 424 ; iv, 59,
65, 115-6 ; v, 300 «, 303 ; Marg.
(de), iii, 293 «, 424 ; iv, 107 n,
n6«, 121 n; v, 90, 300 n ;
Margery de, iii, 423 ; Maud de,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Bradshagh (cont.)

iii, 289, 292-3 ; Ralph, iv, 116 ; v,
23 n ; Rich, (de), iii, 267, 289 n,
293, 300 », 329 «, 337, 423-4,
426 «-8; iv, 115-6, 134 n; v,2in,
24 #, 300 n ; Rob., iii, 263 n ;
Rog. (de), iii, 268, 289, 293, 423-4,
427-8; iv, H2«, 116, 121 n; v,
21 n, 300-1 «; Sir Rog., iv, 59,
67 n, 1 16-7 ; v, 241 n ; Sim. (de),
iii, 436 n ; v, 262 « ; Thos. (de),
iii, 289, 293, 300, 428; iv, 116;
Ughtred de, iii, 428 ; Will, (de),
iii, 268, 289-91, 293-4 n, 298 «,
304 n, 424, 427 ; iv, 6, 99 «, 112 n,
116, 121 n, I49«;v, 300 n ; Sir
Will, (de), iii, 424, 429 ; iv, 59,
65, 115-6; v, 90 n, I25«, 130^,
300 n ; fam., iii, 424, 436 ; iv, 99 ;
v, 24, 270 n ; see also Bradshaw
Bradshaw (Alkrington), iv, 346 n ;

Hall, v, 85, 259 n

Bradshaw (Bolton-le-Moors), v,
235> 238 «, 260, 268-70, 273 ;
chap., v, 241 ; ch., v, 272 ; Hall,
v, 271 ; man., v, 268-70 ;
Nonconf., v, 272 ; quarry, v,
237 n
Bradshaw (Burscough), iii, 259 n;

Mill, iii, 264 n

Bradshaw (Spotland), v, 209 n
Bradshaw (Warrington), iii, 307
Bradshaw Brook, v, 255, 266, 273 ;

reservoir, v, 281-2
Bradshaw Leach, iii, 414 n, 429
Bradshaw, Ad. de, iv, 1 1 5 n ; Agnes,
v, 271 n; Alan de, v, 270 », 272 » ;
Alex., iv, 117 n; v, 270-1 «, 281 ;
Alice, v, 271 n; Amery de, v, 270 n;
Andr., v, 270 n ; Ann(e), iii,
218-9; iv, 159, 394 »; v, 271 «;
Beatrice de, v, 270 n ; Cassandra,
iv, 100; Cecily de, v, 6«, 296 «;
Chris., iii, 269 n ; iv, 117 n ;
Constance, iv, II4«; Dulcia, iii,

433 «; Edm., v, 85 «, 270 n;
Edw., iv, II7«; Eleanor de, v,
270 n; Eliz., iv, ii7«-8, I2o«;
v, 146 n, 271 n, 279 «, 286 «;
Ellen, v, 27on-in, 291 n; Ellis
(de), v, 259 «, 270/2, 282 n;
Frances, iii, 416, 419 n, 423;
Fran., iii, 434 ; Geo., iii, 423,

434 ; iv, 393-4 « ; Hen. (de), iii,
406 n; v, 227, 270-1 ; Hugh, iv,
114 n; v, 271 n; Jas., iii, 194 «,
386 «; iv, 63, no, 117-8 n, iSon,
362, 391 ; v, 25 «, 263 ; Jane, iii,
360 n ; iv, 117 n ; v, 97 « ; Joan,
v, 87 n ; Jno. (de), iii, 66, 429 ;
iv, 63 n, 222 n, 297 ; v, 6 n, 30 n,
148 w, 230 n, 264 n, 26g«-72«,
274 n, 286 n ; see also Greaves ;
Lawr., iv, 394 n ; v, i8o«, 259 n,
282 n ; Mabel de, v, 270 ; Marg.
(de), iii, 429 ; iv, I2O« ; v, 270 n-
in, 282 « ; Margery de, v, 279 n ;
Mary (de), v, 270 n-i ; Miles, iv,
394 «; Mich., v, 271 n; Pet., iv,
Ii7#;v, 38 n, i8i#; Ralph, v,
271 n ; Rawsthorne, v, 146 n ;
Rich., iii, 219, 414 «, 416, 421,
429-30; iv, 98 n, ii7«, 394 n;
v, 37 «, 271 n; Rob. (de), iv,
136 «, 179 «, 394 n ; v, 85 «, 145,
270-1 n, 291 «; Rob. H.,iii, 441-2;
iv, 384 n ; Rog. (de), iii, 385 «,
416,429; iv, ii7-8«, I2o«; v,
270 ; Sir Rog., iii, 406 « ; iv,
117-8; Sam., iii, 66; Sim. (de),

Bradshaw (cont.)

iii, 4ig«; v, 270 «; Thos., iii,
264, 433 «; iv, 117 n; v, 146 «,
234 ; Ughtred (Huard) de, v, 270;
Will, (de), iii, 260, 285 n, 298;
iv, 58, 1 17 n, 394 n ; v, 97 n, 270-
I n ; fam., iii, 422 ; iv, 394 ; v,
i8», 264, 270-2; see also Brad-
shagh
Bradshawgate, iii, 414 n ; Nonconf.,

iii, 421

Bradyll, see Braddyll
Bragge, Jno., see Blagge
Braggot Sunday, iii, 222
Brakes, Jno. del, iii, 17 n
Bramhall, Ellen de, iv, 323 n ;

Rich, de, iv, 323 n
Brammall, Dan., v, in
Brancepeth, adv., iii, 342
Branch, Rich., iii, 75 ; Rob., iii, 75
Brand, Aylward, v, 163 «
Brandale clough, iv, 395 «
Brandearth (Aspull), iv, 1 22 «
Brandearth (Burscough), iii, 274 n
Brandearth (Ditton), iii, 399 «, 402 »
Brandearth (Great Lever), v, i83»
Brandearth (Penketh), iii, 412 n
Branderth (Speke), iii, 140
Branderth (Halsall), iii, 194
Branderth (Rixton), iii, 336 n
Branderth, the Little, (Scarisbrick),

iii, 270
Brandlesholme, iv, 219 ; v, 133 ;

Hall, v, 135

Brandlesholme, Jno. de, v, 133 n;
Juliana de, v, 133 « ; Rich, de,

v, 133 »

Brandon (Suff.), iii, 196
Brandon, Visct., iii, 196
Brandon, Chas., see Suffolk, dk. of
Brandreth, Cath., iii, 246 «, 248 »;

Dr., iii, 234 «, 246 n
Brandulf's holme, see Brandlesholme
Brandwood, v, 188, 206, 211
Brandwood, Higher End, v, 206
Brandwood, Lower End, v, 206
Brandwood Moor, v, 206
Brandwood, Anne, v, 261 n, 284 « ;

Jas., v, 243 n, 284 ; Jno., v, 284 ;

Mary, v, 284 ; Rog., v, 261 «,

283 «-4

Branker, Benj., iii, 62, 153
Brasses, iii, 61-2, 104, 153, 186,

242; iv, 125, 190-1, 357; v, 43,

155-6, 166 n-7, 195, 264 n, 293
Brassey, Dr., v, 19 n ; Rob., iii, 344
Bratshey Hill, v, I76»
Braxsted (Essex), iv, 328 n
Bray, Will., iv, 258
Braybon, Ellen de, iv, 246 « ;

Ellota, iv, 244 n ; Rob. de, iv,

246 n ; Will., iv, 244 n
Breadie Butts (Rusholme), iv, 304 n
Breadsall Park (Derby), iv, 290 n
Brearcliffe, Sarah, iv, 203
Brearley, Hen., v, 121 «; Jas., v,

189; Jno., v, 20 1 n ; see also

Brierley

Breaston Bridge, iii, 431, 433
Brechehale Syke, iii, 250 n
Breck, the, (Walton on the Hill),

iii, 15 n, 21, 24-5 «, 27 » ; House,

iii, 23 «, 26 n

Breck Hey (Bold), iii, 408 n
Breck silver, iii, 21
Breckale, Rob., iii, 191
Brecks, the, (Liverpool), iv, 2
Bredbury, Rob. de, iv, 315 n;

Steph. de, iv, 315 n, 345 » ; Will.

de, iii, 335 n

318

Bredkirk, Ad. de, iii, 200 n ; Alice
de, iii, 200 n ; Jno. de, iii, 200 n

Bredlendshead, iii, 54 n

Breerhurst (Staffs.), iv, 306 n

Breeze Hill, iii, 32

Breightmet, iv, 260 #; v, 35-6 n
180, 235, 249, 255, 266; char,
v, 242, 267 n ; ch., v, 268
Hill, v, 266 ; man., iii, 164 n
iv, 138 «, 365; v, 266, 268 «
mills, v, 266 ; Nonconf., v, 268
Old Manor House, v, 268 ; rds.
v, 266

Breightmet, Augustin de, v, 266 ; see
also Barton

Brekell, Hugh, iii, 155,245 ; Rich.,
iii, 228 ; see also Johnson

Brendoak Clough, iv, 395 n

Brendon, Will. E., iv, 334

Brennand, Jane, v, 128

Brentspert, v, 19 #

Brere, fam., iii, 401 «

Brereleighs, v, 166 n

Brereley, Edm., v, lion; Jno., v,
8 ; Rog., see Brierley

Breres, Alex., iii, 239; iv, 170 n ;
Anne, iv, 1 70 n ; Blanche, iii, 26 ;
Bridg., iii, 26 ; Cath., iii, 26 ;
Edm., iii, 195 n ; Eliz., iii, 26 n ;
Jno., iii, 239 «, 260 ; v, 290 ;
Lawr., iii, 17 «, 26, 385 n ; Marg.,
iii, 26 »; Martha, v, 290-1;
Mary, iii, 26«,385 n; Rob., iii, 26;
Rog., iii, 26-7 n, 30 n; Thos., v,
290, 292 n ; Will., v, 290-1 ;
fam., iii, 26

Breres Hall (Lathom), iii, 239 n

Brereton, Anne, iii, 432 ; iv, 367 « ;
Dorothy, iii, 432 ; iv, 380 ; Geoff.,
iv, 209 «, 380; Joan, iv, 209 »,
361 n, 380, 390 n ; v, 30 n ; Jno.,
iv, 258, 322 n ; Sir Jno., iv, 361 »,
380 n ; Kath., iv, 375 ; Marg., iv,
313 «; Sir Randle, iv, 237 «,
380 ; Rich., iv, 356-7, 380, 388 «,
390 #; v, 30 «; Sir Rich., iii,
432 ; iv, 367 », 380, 391 ; Rob.,
iv, 46 ; Sir Urian, iii, 154 ; Will.,
iv, 313 n ; Sir Will., iii, 306

Brerewood, Rob., iii, 106 n; Thos.,
iii, io6«

Brerylees, see Brierley(s)

Bresby, Fr. Jno., iii, 367

Bretby, iii, i6o«

Bretharche, iii, 1 14

Bretharue, Bretarwe, see Brettargh

Bretherton, iv, 113 n ; man., iii,.
i6o«, 165 «

Bretherton, Earth., iii, 366, 368 #-9,
371, 394 ; Edw., iv, 135 «; Hen.
de, iv, I34«; Isabel, iv, I35«;
Jno., iv, 134 «-5 ; Will., iv, 134 n-
5, 361 n ; fam., iv, 134 ; see also
Brotherton

Bretland, Jno., v, 99 n; Kath., v,
99 n

Bretlands, iii, 76

Bretlands, Hugh de, iii, 216 ;
Margery de, iii, 216

Breton, Water of, iii, 433

Breton, Alan le, iii, 343, 354 ; Rob..
de, iii, 154 ; Rog. le, iii, 75 n ;
Sir Thos., iv, 379 n

Brett, Serjeant, iv, 288

Brettargh, iii, 113, 118, I7o«;
Holt, iii, 103, 117

Brettargh, Alice, iv, lion; Anne,
iii, 119-20 n, 126 «, 366 n;
Avice de, iii, 119, 170; Chisen-
hall, iv, lion; Edw., iv, no«;

INDEX

Brettargh (cont.)

Eliz., iv, no «; Frances, iv,
lion ; Jas., iii, 1 1972-20 n, 366 n ;
Jno., iii, 119 n ; Jonathan, iii,
Ii9«-2o#; iv, no«; Kath.,
iii, 119; Mary, iv, 50 n ; Maud,
iii, Ii9»; Neh., iii, 102, 119;
Rich., iii, 120 n ; Tom, iii, 120 n ;
Will, (de), iii, 102, 116, 1 19-20 n,
126, 161 n, 170, 178 n ; iv, i8o# ;
fain., iii, 116, 119, 126

Brewer, Dr. Jno. B., iii, 117

Brewing industry, iii, 261 ; iv, 70,
340 ; v, 245

Brewster, Waldegrave, v, 159

Briarly, Thos., iv, 296

Brichin Lee, v, 115

Brickhill Fields, the, (Pennington),
iii, 429

Bricklesworth (Northants), v, 90 n

Brick manufacture, iv, 154, 156,
259> 323 ; v, 34, 39

Brid, Agnes, iii, 273 ; Jas., iv, 207 #;
Rog., see Bird ; Will., iii, 273

Bridde, Will., iv, 405 n

Bridehead, iii, 177

Brideoak, Geoff., iv, 262 n ; Hugh,
iv, 200 n ; Jno., iv, 200 n ;
Jonathan, iii, 64 ; Ralph, iv,
262 « ; see also Chichester, bp.
of ; Rich., iv, 262 n ; fam., iv, 262

Brideshagh, iv, 265 n

Bridge, Ad. del, iii, 31 « ; Anne, iii,
31 »; Cecily (del), iii, 31 n ; iv,
373 n ; Edw., iii, 31 n ; Geoff,
del, v, I3i«; Hawise del, iii,
31 n ; Hen., iii, 31 n ; Jane, v,
161 « ; Joan, iii, 31 n; Jno. (del),
iii, 29 «, 31 n ; v, 151 « ; Juliana
del, iii, 31 n; Margery, iii, 3i»,
116 ; Rich, (del), iii, 31 «, 178 n;
Rob. (del), iii, 31 n ; iv, 373 «;
v, 131 n ; Rog., iii, 31 n ; Thos.
(del), iii, 31 »; v, 128 n; Will,
del, iii, 31 n; v, 136 »; fam.,
iii, 31 ; v, 131, I36»

Bridge croft (Beswick), iv, 281 n

Bridge Hall (Heap), v, 136

Bridgeley, iv, 82 n

Bridgeman, Eliz., v, 134 ; Geo., iv,
64 ; Sir Geo. A. F. H., see
Bradford, earl of ; Sir Geo.
C. O., see Bradford, earl of ; Hon.
Geo. T. O., iv, 64 ; Lady Helena
M., iii, 73 ; Henrietta, iv, 64 n ;
Hen., v, i85«; Sir Hen., see
Bradford, Baron ; Hen. S., v,
185 n ; Jno., see Chester, bp. of;
Sir Jno., iv, 64 n ; v, 185^,
238 n, 247 n; Lady, iv, 64 « ;
Orlando, v, 1 85 n ; Sir Orlando,
iv, 60, 63, 73 ; v, i85», 238 «,
254 n ; see also Bradford, earl of;
Sir Orlando G. C., see Bradford,
earl of ; Dr. Rog., iv, 64, 73 n ;
Thos., iv, 63 »

Bridger, Jno., iii, 386

Bridges, Thos., iii, 25 n

Bridgewater,Frances, ctss.of,iv,38o n

Bridgewater, dk. of, iii, 414 ; iv,
8 1 «, 83, 109, 337, 375 ; v, 33,
187 ; Fran. Egerton, iii, 441 ; iv,
380-1, 385, 390 ; Jno. Egerton, iv,
380 ; Scrope Egerton, iv, 380-1

Bridgewater, earl of, Fran. W.
Egerton, iv, 381 ; Jno. Egerton,
ist., iii, 432> 4345 iv, 380;
Jno. Egerton, 2nd, iv, 380-1 ; Jno.
Egerton, 3rd, iv, 380; Jno. W.
Egerton, iv, 381

Bridgewater Canal, iii, 414, 431,

445 ; iv, 224, 330, 335, 337, 363,

381 ; see also Manchester Ship

Canal
Bridgewater estates, iii, 441 ; trust,

trustees, iii, 432 n; iv, 372, 381,

384, 388

Bridgw.iter (Somers.), iii, 255 n
Brierley(s), v, 2i7«-8«, 22o«
Brierley, v, 75 n; Ben, iv, 273,

339; Edwin, v, 212; Jas., iii,

371; Jno., v, 102 n; Rog., v,

190 ; fam., v, 101
Briers, see Breres
Briggs, Jno., see Beverley, bp. of ;

Mary Ann, v, 242 n ; Thos., iv,

250 n
Bright, Jac., v, 190; Jno., iii,

413 n ; iv, 223 ; v, 190, 193, 200
Brightemete, Brightmede, see

Breightmet

Brighton le Sands, iii, 91, 98 n
Brimelow, iv, 68
Brimrod, v, 202 n
Brimstone, stone in sea called, iii,

33 »
Brindlache, Brindle Heath, iv,

392-5 ; ch., iv, 396
Brindle, man., iv, 144 n ; sch., v,

199 n

Brindle, Pet de, see Burnhull
Brindley, Jas., iv, 381-2
Brinklow, Will., iii, 345 n
Brinnington, Ad. de, iv, 3I5«;

Rob. de, iv, 3 1 5 n
Brinsop, Brinshope,(Westhoughton),

iv, 1 1 8 n, 365 n ; v, 21-2 ; Bridge,

iv, ngn; Hall, v, 22; mill, iv,

I2O#

Brinsope (Bold), iii, 408
Brinsope, Cecily de, iii, 408 n ;

Elias de, iii, 408 n ; Jno. de, iii,

408 n; Rob. de, iii, 408 n
Briscoe, Briscowe, Mich., iii, 44 ;

iv, 45 n ; v, 280
Brisingham, man., v, 90
Bristol, iv, 3, 9, 21, 28-9 ; siege, iv,

280 n

Britain, Little, (Kirkby), iii, 53
Brithmete, see Breightmet
Brithull, see Birtle
Britland, Tobias, iv, 406 n
Brittain, Rich., iii, 135 n
Brixworth (Northants), iii, 135,424;

v, II7«

Broadash, Jno. de, iv, 107 n
Broadbent (Oldham), iv, 336 n ; v,

102 ; Moss, v, 93
Broadbent, Sam., iv, 352 «; Thos.

T., iv, 352 »

Broad Carr (Aughton), iii, 297
Broad Causeway (Leigh), iii, 414 «
Broadclough (Prestwich), v, 79 n
Broadfield (Pilsworth), v, 1 69- 70 n
Broadgreen (Huyton), iii, 169, 175
Broad Green (W. Derby), iii, 1 1 «,

12

Broadhalgh, v, 207 «, 209

Broadhead, v, 281-3 «

Broadhead brook, iii, 270^

Broadhead, Margery de, iii, 275 n ;
Thos. de, iii, 275 n

Broadhurst, Ellen de, v, 291 #;
Godith de, v, 291 «; Hen. de, v,
295 n ; Oliver, v, 295 n ; Rob. de,
v, 291 »; Rog. de, v, 287^,
291 n ; Will, de, v, 287 n, 291 «

Broadley, v, 206-7

Broadmeynes (Huyton), iii, 161 n

Broad Oak (Didsbury), iv, 293

3*9

Broad Oak (Heap), v, 136
Broad Oak (Pan), iii, 377, 380 n-i
Broad Oak (Worsley), iv, 376
Broadstone Hall, see Hulme Hall

(Reddish)

Brockfield, iv, 304 n
Brockhall, iii, 191 n
Brockholes, iii, 71 n ; iv, 365 n \ v,

270^
Brockholes, Fr. Chas., iv, 78 ;

Eleanor, v, I75«; Sir Geoff., v,

175 n; Margery, v, 175 « ; Rog.

de, v, 270 ; Will, de, v, 270
Brockhurst's Lane Wash (Leigh), iii,

414*
Brocklebank, Jno., v, 240 ; Thos.,

v, 4, 272

Brocksteads, iv, 142
Brockwalhurst, iv, 316^
Broderod, see Brotherod
Brodeshalgh, iv, 267 n
Brodie, Davv iv, 81 n ; Mary, iv,

Brodned (Horwich), v, 7 «

Brokkar lee (Rainford), iii, 382 n

Broksoppe, Hen. de, see Broxop

Bromburhey, iv, 148

Bromefield, iii, 251 n

Bromeley, Will., v, 267 n

Bromhale, Helen de, v, 22o«;
Matth. de, v, 220 «

Bromiley, v, 260

Bromiley, Will., iv, 314^, 3i6«

Bromilow, Jno., iv, 87

Bromley, iv, 143 «~4

Bromley Cross (Turton), v, 273

Bromley, Arth., v, 273 n ; Cecily
de, v, 199 «; Hen., see Wilson,
Ant; Sir Hen., iii, 42 « ; Sir Jno.,
iv, 143; Margery de, v, 211 «;
Rob. de, v, 211 «

Bromycroft, v, 248 n

Bromy hurst, iv, 363-5 «, 373

Bromy hurst, Ad. de, iv, 373 n
Agnes de, iv, 373 « ; Alex, de, iv
373 n; Gilb. de, iv, 373 n-^n; Jno.
de, iv, 365 n, 373 n ; Rob. de, iv
373 n; Thos. de, iv, 373 « ; fam.
iv, 373 ; see also Mey

Bromyrod, Great, see Brimrcd

Bronze Age, barrow of, iv, 154

Brook, Ad. del, v, 208 n ; Jno., v,
129 ; Kath., iii, 412 n ; Marg. del,
v, 208 n; Mr., iv, 19; fam., v,
147 n ; see also Brooke

Brook Acre, iii, 293 n

Brooke, Anne, iii, 419 #; Edm., v,
269 n ; Frances, iv, 367 n ; Geo.,
v, 269 n ; Grace, iii, 395 n ; Hen.,
iv, 185 n ; Jane, iii, 246 n ; v, 3 ;
Jno., v, 269 n ; Marg., iv, 275 n ;
v, 269 n ; Pet, iv, 275 ; Sir Pet,
iv, 275 n ; Ralph, iv, 69 ; Rich.,
iii, 395; iv, 275 w, 367 »; Sir
Rich., iii, 411 ; Sir Rich. M., iii,
395; Rev. Sam., v, 269 «; Su-
sannah, iv, 275; Thos., iii, 9, 350^,
393 ; Sir Thos., iii, 9 «, 395 n ;
Will., v, 269 n ; fam., iii, 395 ;
iv, 275 ; see also Brook

Brookes, josh., iv, 301

Brooke's Green, Nonconf. iv, 279

Brookfield (Aughton), iii, 284, 296 n,
299, 300

Brookfield (Gorton), Nonconf., iv,
279

Brookfield, Eliz., iv, i68«; Hen.,
iv, 1 68 ; Marg., iii, 151 ; Rob.de,
iii, 211

Brookhurst, iv, 149 «

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Brooklands Cross, iii, 265 «
Brooks (Aigburth), iii, 122 n, 124 »~5
Brooks, Ad. del, iii, 115 ; Alan, iii,
115; Cope, v, 248; Edm., v,
148; Edw., iv, 170; Eliza, iii,
347 n ; Gilb. de, iii, 125 ; Hen.
del, iii, II5«, I24«; Hugh, v,
179 «; Hugh P. del, iii, H5»;
Jno. (de or del), iii, 101 «, 115 «,
i24«-5« ; Jonathan, see Liver-
pool, archd. of; Jos., iv, 34, 46«;
Jos. R., iv, 170; Marg. del, iii,

1 24 n ; Rich, de or del, iii, 1 1 5 n,

125 ; Rob. de or del, iii, 115, 125;
Rog. de, iii, 125 ; Sam., iii, 327 ;
iv, 170, 302 «, 335 n; v, 243 n ;
Thos., iii, 101 n ; iv, 170; Will,
del, iii, 101 «, 1 15 « ; Sir Will. C.,
iv, 299 ; fam., iii, 115, 125, 131 ;
iv, 1 68

Brooks' Bar (Stretford), iv, 335
Brooksbottom, v, 143
Brooksmouth, Ralph, see Brooke
Brookwallhursts (Denton), iv, 3i2»
Broome, Eliz., iv, 293 n ; Mary, iv,

293 n; Rich., iv, 293 «, 297 «;

Will., iv, 293 n, 302 n ; fam., iv,

293

Broomhead, Rowland, iv, 251 n

Broomhill (Norf.), iv, 393 «

Broomhill, the, (Present), iii, 412 n

Broseley, iv, 154-5 n

Broster, Chas., iv, 203

Brotherod, v, 207

Brothers of Charity, iii, 113

Brotherton, — , iv, 131 n; Jos., iv,
217 ; Marg., v, 299 n ; Thos., iv,
135 »5 v, 198 ; Thos. W., iv, 135 »;
Thos. W. B., iv, 135 n; v, 22 n ;
Will., v, 299 ft; Will. B., iv, 131 «,
135 n ; v, 22 n; fam., v, 22 ; see
also Bretherton

Broughton, iv, 174, 182, 204, 206,
208, 217, 222, 230 n, 242 «, 259,
392-3, 399 » •' v, 26 ; Bp.'s
Court, iv, 222 ; bridges, iv,
217; ch., iv, 218 n, 222;
Ford, iv, 217 ' n ; Greek ch., iv,
222; Hall, iv, 218; Jews, iv,
222 ; man., iv, 2io«, 217; Non-
conf., iv, 222, 250 ; Rom. Cath.
iv, 222

Broughton, Higher, iv, 217

Broughton, Lower, iv, 217

Broughton Astley, v, 72 n

Broughton in Amounderness, man.,
iii, i62«

Broughton-in-Furness, iii, i6o«

Broughton Park, iv, 217

Broughton Spout, iv, 217

Broughton, Id. of, iii, 230

Broughton, Burghton, Ad. de, iv,
222 »; Agnes de, iv, 2O/»;
Hen. de, iv, 222 «; Isabel, iii,

109 ; Jno. (de), iii, 109 ; iv, 207 n ;
Rich, de, iv, 222 «, 368 n ; Thos.
iii, H7»; Sir Thos., iii, 160 ;
fam., iii, 116

Brown (e), Alice, v, 38 n ; Anne, v,
22 n ; Ant., iii, 298 n ; Award, v,
202 «; Chris., iv, 245 n ; Edw., iv,
35 1 ; Eliz., iv, 245 «, 302 n ; Ellen,
iv, 105 n ; Ellis, v, 202 n ; Ford
Madox, iv, 229 ; Geo., iv, 66 n ;
Gerard, iv, 97 ; v, 303 ; Gilb.,
iii, 112; bp. of, iii, 19, 22 n,
261 n ; Hen., iii, 420 ; iv, 34,
105 ; Jas., iv, 114 n ; v, 22-5 »,

1 10 n ; Jane, iv, 209 « ; Joan, iii,
298 n ; Fr. Jno., see Bresby ;

Brown(e) (cont.)

Josh., iv, 201 ; Br. Lawr., iii,
263 n ; Lora, v, 3 1 n ; Marg., iv,
316 n ; Marg. G., iii, 10 « ; Mary,
v, 22 » ; Oliver, v, 301 n ; Pet. W.,
v, 303 ; Ralph, iv, 105, 209 n ; v,
20, 22 n-yt, 38 n ; Reynold, v,
214 n ; Rich., iii, 311 ; iv, 256 ;
v, 22 «, 164 «; Rob., iii, 115 n ;
iv, 216 ; v, 22 «, 38 n ; see also
Dauntesey; Rog., iv, 105 », I2o«;
Rowland, iv, 105 n ; Sarah, v,
55 n ; Thos., iv, 316 n ; Will., iii,
85, 112, 290; iv, 66 «, 73, 77,
105 n ; v, 67 n, 302 n ; Sir Will.,
iv, 40 ; fam., iv, 105 ; see Brun
Brownell, Jno., iii, 1 74 n ; Marg.,
iii, I74« ; Nath., iii, i87«, 189 ;
fam., iii, 186

Brownfield, Jno., iii, 316 n
Brownism, iv, 1 99 n
Brown Knoll, iv, 274 »
Brownlow, iv, 83
Brownlow, Earl, iv, 381 n
Brownlow, Bridg., v, 256 ; Chas.,
v, 255 n-6n ; Lawr., v, 242, 255«-
6n ; Marg., v, 255 n ; Nich., v,
150 «; Rog., iv, 94 ; v, 252 «,
255 n-6 «, 279 n ; fam., v, 255
Brownsword, Jno., iii, 289, 291 ;
Nath., iii, 225 ; Rich., iv, 245 « ;
Thos., iv, 245 n, 332 n
Brown Wardle (Rochdale), v, 190-

i n

Broxholme, see Broxop
Broxop(p,pe), Broxholme, Chas., iv,
322 ; Hen. de, v, 131 n ; Jno., iii,
245 ; Margery de, v, 131 n
Broxope, v, 12 «
Broxton, Rich., v, 76
Bruche, iii, 329-31 ; Brook, iii,

330 ; Heath, iii, 330-1
Bruche, Ad. del, iii, 41 1 «; Agnes de,
iii, 329 ; Amine (Anina, Avina) de
or del, iii, 330, 335 n ; Anne, iii,
330 ; Dorothy, iii, 330 ; Dulcia,
iii, 330; Ellen, iii, 441 n; iv, 384/2;
Gilb. de, iii, 329-30 ; Hamlet, iii,
322 #, 329-31, 410 «; Hen. (de or
del), iii, 3 ion, 329-3 1, 409 n; Hugh,
iii, 330 ; Jas., iv, 362 n ; Kath.
de, iii, 329-30 ; Marg., de la or
del, iii, 329-30, 411 n ; Rich, (de,
del, or de la), iii, 322 «, 329-31,
335 «, 409 «, 441 n ; iv, 384 » ;
Rog. iii, 329 »-3i ; Sibyl, iii,
330 ; Thos. (de), iii, 329-30, 4O9»J
Thurstan de, iii, 330 ; Will., iii,
3i * », 330

Brudenell, Hon. Mary, iii, 73
Bruen, Jno., iii, 119 ; Ralph le, iii,
397 n ; Rich., iii, 408 n ; Will.,
iii, 408 n

Brughton, see Broughton
Brumlausie, iii, 42 n
Brummesho (Toxteth Park), iii, 42 n
Brumscales, Maud de, iv, 405 n ;

Rob. de, iv, 405 n

Brun(e), Alan le, iii, 49, 50 ; Andr.,
v, 213 «~4 n ; Ellis de, v, 214 n ;
Geoff, de, v, 291 n ; Isabel de, v,
291 n; Jno. de, v, 214 n ; Nel de,
v, 291 n ; see also Brown
Brunehevese, the, (Leigh), iii, 447
Brunhill, iv, 230 «, 275
Brunner, Sir Jno., iv, 53
Brunscales, Jno. de, v, 29 n
Brunsop, see Brinsope
Bruscow, see Burscough
Bryan, Fran., iv, 136 ; Thos., iii, 344

320

Bryanson, Jno., iii, 34 »

Bryddocke, Ralph, see Brideoak

Bryde, Will., iii, 154

Bryer, Chas., i i, 391

Bryers, see Breres

Brynn, iv, 142-3 «, 145; Hall, iv,

124, 146; Rom. Cath., iv, 148
Bubb, Mrs., iii, 424
Buccleuch, dk. of, v, 144
Bucer, Martin, iv, 25 7 n
Buchard, — , iii, 285 n
Buck, Jno., see Dauntesey ; Marg.,
iv, 400 ; Rich., iii, 82 « ; iv, 400 ;
Rob., iv, 400
Buckden, v, 144
Buckden, Jno. de, v, 133 «
Bucke, Will., iii, 424 «
Buckingham, dk. of, iii, 160 ;

Humph., iii, 159
Buckley (Wardleworth), v, 225
Buckley Carr, v, 213**
Buckley Hill (Audenshaw), iv, 339
Buckley Hill (Sefton), iii, 66
Buckley Wells, v, 128
Buckley, Abel, v, 226 « ; Ad. de,
iii, 426 ; v, 225-6 ; Agnes, v,
229 n; Alice de, iii, 426 ; v, 226 «;
Anne, v, 226 n; Ant., v, 226 «;
Arth., v, 226 n ; Bern., v, uo«;
Christiana de, v, 225-6 ; Edw.,
v, 226 ; Eleanor (de), iv, 266 n ; v,
lion, 2O4«~5«; Eliz. (de), v,
1 10 «, 161 n, 204 n ; Ellis (de), iv,
266 n; v, no«, 204 n ; Emma, v,
229 n; Esther, v, iio#; Fran.,
v, 121 n, 226/2; Geoff, de, v,
177 «, 197/2, 205 w, 211 n, 225-
6 n • Geo., v, 1 10 n, 221 n ; Grace,
v, 226 #; Hen. (de), iv, I74«,
207 n ; v, 226 n ; Hugh, v, 226 n;
Jas. (de), v, 108, iio», 221 «,
225 n-7 n; Jno. (de), v, 99 «, now,
I2§«, 211 n, 226, 22972 ; Josh., v,
189; Kath de, v, 226 »; Lawr.,
v, lion, 2io« ; Marg., v, 210 n ;
Maud, v, 226 n ; Randle de, v,
226 n; Rob. de, v, lion, 226;
Thos. v, 189, 225 n-7 n ; Thos. F.,
v, 226 n ; Will., iv, 246 n • v,
lion, 226 n ; fam., v, 205
Bucksforth, Gilb., iii, 4ig«
Buckshagh, Ellen de, iv, I22«;
Emma de, iv, I22« ; Jno. de, iv,
122 n; Will, de, iv, 122 n
Buckshaw brook, v, 22 n
Buckshead (Dalton), iv, 98 n
Buddeswall, Rich, de, see Chester,

archd. of
Budellisholme, Agnes de, v, gin;

Rich, de, v, 91 «
Budshaw Brook, iv, 87 n
Bud wood, Thos., iii, 34 n
Budworth (Ches.), iv, 334 n
Buerdsell, Geo., iv, 203
Buersill, Buerdsill, v, 67 «, :6o«,

193, 201, 204
Buersill Head, v, 173
Buersill, Buerdsill, Alice de, v, 218 n;
Geoff, de, v, 218 n • Jno. de, v,
209 «, 232 n
Buile Hill, iv, 208, 392
Buldre, Thos., iv, 242 n ; Will., iv,

242 n

Bulehill, see Buile Hill
Bulgut, Rob., iv, 107 «
Bulhalgh, High, v, 295
Bulhagh, Ellen, v, 291 « ; Jas., v,
295 n ; Rich., v, 291 «, 295 n ;
Rob. de or del, v, 295 n ; Rog. de,
v, 295 n

INDEX

Bulkeley, Alex. J., iv, 351 n; Marg.,

iii, 61, 65, 69 «, 78 ; Will., iii, 59,

65, 69 n ; see also Bulkley

Bulkington, Bulketon, Jno. de, iii, 7

Bulkley, Arth., iv, I77« ; Will., iv,

361 n • see also Bulkeley
Bull Acre (Halsall), iii, ig6«
Bullard, Thos., see Bullock
Bull-baiting, iii, 58
Bull Bridge, iii, 59, 100
Bullen, Chas., iii, 386; Jno., iii,

275, 282

Bullens, Jno., iii, 57 n
Buller, Fred. G., iv, 309 ; Jno., iv, 89
Bullfield, v, 243
Bull Hill, v, 144

Bullin, Rich., iii, 30 ; fam., iii, 26 «
Bulling, Bullynth, see Billinge
Bullinges, Godf. de, v, 279 «
Bullock estate (Walton), iii, 27 n
Bullock, Elias, iii, 27 n ; Hen., iii,
24 «, 27 «, 29 #, 30 «-i n ; Hugh,
iv, 65 n ; Jno., iii, 27 #, 31 n ; iv,
66 n ; Marg., iii, 31 «; Margery,
iii, 27 n • Rich., iii, 27 «, 31 #;
Rob., iii, 27 «, 30 n ; Steph., iii,
27 «, 39 n ; Thos., iii, 31 n ; iv,
337 ; Will., iii, 27 », 30 n ; fam.,
iii, 27 n

Bullough, see Bulhalgh
Bulmer, Fr. Bertram M., iii, 291
Bultham, Jno. de, iv, i66«
Bunbury, Eleanor, iv, 161 n ; Hen.,
iv, 161 « ; Sir Hen., iii, 448/2 ;
Marg., iii, 448 «
Bunting, Dr. Jabez, iv, 186
Buntingford (Herts.), v, 258
Burchall, Mary, iv, 164 n ; Rog., iv,

141 n
Burdell, Hen. de, v, 230 n ; Thos. de,

v, 230 n

Burdman, Hugh, iv, 242 # ; v, 1 1 1 n
Burges in Cogshall, see Burghes
Burgess, Eliz., iii, 394 « ; Hen. W.,
iv, 281 n ; Jas., iii, 394 n ; Jno.,
iii, 1 1 «, 44 ; Rich., iii, 394 n ;
Rob., iii, 394 n ; Thos., iii, 394 n ;
Will., iv, 77
Burgeys, Rob., iii, 77 « ; Thos., iii,

77 »
Burgh, Alice, v, 134 n ; Geofif.de,

iv, 127; Rich., v, 134 n ; Will.

de or del, iii, 2 «, 299 «, 311; see

also Burgo
Burghes, Burges, in Coggeshall,

(Ches.), iii, 336, 428
Burghton, see Broughton
Burghull, Pet. de, iii, 404 n
Burghurst, iv, no n
Burgo, Sarah de, v, 94 n ; Thos. de,

v, 94 « ; see also Burgh
Burial urns, iii, 1 18 # ; iv, 404
Burkitt, see Birkett
Burley, Will, de, iv, 87 n
Burn, Jas., iv, 69 «, 131 n
Burnage, iv, 174, 235 «-6«, 288-9 «,

296, 310-1 ; ch., iv,3ii ; man., iv,

310

Burnards Castle, iii, 258 «
Burnden, v, 182,186; Head, v,

183;*
Burnden, Agnes de, v, 187 n ; Avice,

v, i87#; Flode de, v, 1877* ;

Hen. de, v, 183 #; Jno. de, v,

i83#, 187 n; Jordan de, v,

i87«; Margery de, v, 187 n ;

Rob. de, v, i87# ; Siward de, v,

187 »; Thos.de, v, 187 »; fam.,

v, 1 86
Burnedge, v, 108

5

Burne-Jones, Sir E., iii, 131

Burnelds gate, the, (Ormskirk), iii,
25 8 n

Burnell, Will., v, 44

Burnhill, Burnhull, Agnes de, iii,
210; iv, 143; Alan de, iii, 53,
283 «, 369 «, 372 n ; iv, 142, 146 n ;
see also Pemberton, Styward,
and Windle ; Alice de, iii, 283 «,
372 ; Avice de, iv, 142 ; Joan de,
iii, 210 ; iv, 143 ; Kath. de, iii,
372 n ; iv, 107 n ; Pet. de, iii,
210, 283 «, 359 n, 365, 372; iv,
Sou, 107 n, n in, 142-3 ; see also
Windle ; Sir Pet. de, iii, 368 n ;
Thos. de, iv, 106, 142 ; Will, de,
v, 291 n ; fam., iii, 283

Burnley, bp. of, Hen. Henn, v, 240

Burnt Hill, v, 150

Buron, iv, 282 n

Buron, Erneis de, iv, 282 n ; Ralph
de, iv, 282 » ; see also Birun and
Byron

Burrowes, Jno., iii, 5 1 «

Burscough, iii, 238-9, 243 n, 246 «,
258, 260; char., iii, 246«-7#;
crosses, iii, 258 ; man., iii, 162,
164 «, 255 n, 258, 275 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 260 ; Pk., iii, 256 n; sch., iii,
24 7 w, 260

Burscough Bridge, iii, 257-8

Burscough Hall (Lathom), iii, 257

Burscough Priory, iii, 24, no, 124,
129 n, 153-4, 156, 158 n, i6on-in,
172, 177-8 «, 239-40, 242-3, 246,
249, 254 n, 258-60, 262, 265 #-6,
270, 272, 275, 292«, 304, 351 ; iv,
98, 137 n; v, 44, 124 n, 295 ; adv.,
iii, 250 n ; bells, iii, 242 ; canons
of, iii, 153, 177 «, i92«-3«, 243-5,
250 «, 262 ; ch., iii, 259

Burscough, prior of, iii, 159, 177-8,
I92#, I94«, 250^-1 «, 255, 258,
263, 267, 275 « ; iv, 98 n ; v, 44 n;
Benedict, iii, 249, 254, 258 n ;
— Ellerbeck, iii, 254 ; Geoff., iii,
274 n ; Hen., iii, 244 «, 262 n ;
Hugh, iii, 263 n ; Jno., iii, 343 n ;
iv, 99 «; Mich., iii, 169, 260 n ;
Rich., iii, 210 n, 260 «; Hector
Scarisbrick, iii, 267 » ; Thos., iii,
263 n ; iv, 99 n ; Warm, iii, 210 «,
262 ; Will., iii, 169, 250 «

Burscough-with-Martin, iii, 260

Burscough, Alice de, iii, 257 » ;
Eleanor, iii, 257 « ; Ellen de, iii,

257 «; Gilb., iii, 257 «, 286, 304 ;
Hen. (de), iii, 258 «-g n • Herb, de,
iii, 197 n; Jas., iii, 285, 304 ;Joan,
iii, 257 n ; Jno. (de), iii, 258, 392 n;
Kath., iii, 257 « ; Marg., iii, 257 «,
285 ; Maud, iii, 257 n ; Max., iii,
304 ; Rich, (de), iii, 151, 257/2-8 ;
see also Rivers ; Rob. de, iii,

258 n ; Rog., iii, 246 n ; Swain de,
iii, 258 n ; Thos. de, iii, 257 « ;
fam., iii, 257

Burton in Kendal, iii, 33 n

Burton (Manchester), see Broughton

Burton, Hey of, (Warrington), iii,
325 ; Brook, iii, 325 n

Burton, Alan de, iv, H3«; Alice
(de), iii, 34 « ; v, 232 n ; Brian, iii,
34 n; Chas., v, 151 ; Ellen, iii,
34 n ; Eularia, iii, 33 n ; Hen. de,
v, 232 n ; Jas., iii, 34 « ; Jas. D.,
iv, 1 86 ; Jno., iii, 33-4 «, 74 n ; iv,
63 n ; Sir Rich, de, see Byron ;
Rob., iii, 34 » ; Rob. W., iv, 165 ;
Rog. de, iii, 33 «; iv, 341 «

321

Burtonhead, iii, 355-6, 358 ; man.,
iii, 364

Burtonhead, Ad. de, iii, 358 ; Agnes
de, iii, 358 n ; Ralph de, iii, 358 n;
Rich, de, iii, 358 n, 360 ; Rob. de,
iii, 358 n ; Rod. de, iii, 358 n;
Rog. de, iii, 358/2 ; Walt, de, iii,
358 n; Will, de, iii, 358

Burtonwood, iii, 304-5, 308 n, 324 ;
iv, 138 n ; chap., iii, 328 ; char.,
iii, 316; man., iii, 305 w, 325,
406 n ; Nonconf., iii, 328 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 328

Burtonwood, Jno., iii, 375 ; iv, 165

Burun, see Byron

Bury,iv, 171, 173;*, 257/2; v, 67,71,
88, 123-4, 128-9, 141, 143i MS «•
170, 174, 176/2, 281; adv., v,
124, 131/2 ; boro, v, 128, 132-3 ;
bridge, v, 131, 133 ; char., v, 127;
ch., iii, 416 ; v, 124, 132 ; man.,
iii, 160/2, 164 #-5 ; v, 90-1 «, 127,
129, 143, 145, 169; man.-house,
the Castle, v, 131 ; mkt. and fairs,
v, 129,131-2; mills, v, 129;
Nonconf., v, 127, 132 ; parl. repr.
v, 132 ; rds., iv, 181 «, 259 ; Rom.
Cath., v, 133; sch., v, 127, 136,
208 ; simnel cakes, v, 129

Bury (Knowsley), iii, 157-8/2

Bury Lane, see Glazebury

Bury, New, v, 34 ; ch., v, 38 ; Non-
conf., v, 39

Bury and Bolton Canal, v, 56, 133

Bury Classis (in Presbyterianism), v,
198/2, 215

Bury, Ad. de, iii, 79 «, 367 «, 395 n ;
v, 125, 1 29-30 «, I33«, i36«-8,
142, 174, 202 «, 210 n ; Agnes (de),
v, 1 29 n, 1 70 n, 1 74 n ; Ailward de,
v, 129, 145 ; Alex, de, v, I29«,

142 n ; Alice de, v, 90, 129 ;
Anabel de, v, I29«; Anne, iii,
329 n ; Cecily de, iii, 366 n-y «,
395 n ; Deb. v, I73»; Edw.,
iv, 1 86; Emma de, iv, 366 «;
Geoff, de, v, 125 n, 129 «; Gilb.,
v, 131 »; Hen. (de), iii, 176,
395 n; iv, 116, 257 «, 398 « ; v,
90, 123, 127 «, 130-1 n, 142,145*
I76«; Sir Hen. de, v, 129;
Isabel de, v, I29« ; Jas., v, 131 «,
146 «, 174 »; Jno. de, iii, 395 n :
iv, 398 n ; v, 130 « ; Jonathan,
iv, 215 ; Jos., v, I73«; Lawn,
v, 136^, 170^, 174 n ; Margery
de, v, 296 n ; Matth. de, v, 1 29 n ;
Ralph, iii, 176 «, 329 n ; v, 131 «,
173 «-4 n ; Rawlin, v, 131 n ;
Rich, (de or del), iii, 172 », 284 ;
v, 168 «, 170 n, 173 «-4 «, 225 « ;
Rob. de, v, 1 29 n ; Rog. de, iii,
284 ; v, 146 n ; Thos. (de), v,
168 «, 296 n ; Will.de, v, 131 n ;
fam., v, 131, 147 «, 174

Bush, Jos., iii, 245

Bushell, Chris., iv, 54 ; Molly, iii,.

20 n
Bussel(l), Alb., iii, 67 «, 229 #-31 ;

Geoff., iii, 445 ; Hugh, iii, 230;

Rich., iii, 227, 230 ; Warin, iiiv

35, 227, 237
Butchard, Pet., iii, 286
Butcher, fam., see Bochard
Buteriscroft, iii, 54 n
Butler, le Boteler, Botiler, Ad., iff,

227 n ; Alice, iii, 336, 432 ; iv,

143 »; Anne, iii, 436 ; iv, 117 «r
246 n ; Dorothy, iv, 367 n ; Edw.r
iii, 312, 322«, 326; Eliz. (de or

41

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Butler (cont.)

le),iii, 167, 202, 322 « ; iv, 246 « ;
Ellen, iv, 246 « ; Emery le, iii,
201, 206, 319; Hamon le, iv,
149 « ; Hen. le, iii, 321 « ; Isabel,
iii, 232, 327 ; Jas., iii, 232 ; iv,
406 n ; Joan le, iii, 62 n ; iv, 139 n;
Jno. (de or le), iii, 15 », 200, 305 «,
311, 423; Sir Jno. (le), iii, 43,
309, 327, 336 J iv, 127 « ; Marg.,
iii, 309, 3 14 «, 405 ; Mary, iv, 246 «;
v, I79«; Nich. (le), iii, 410 »;
iv, 79 «, 117 n; Phil., iii, 342 n;
Ralph, iii, 416 ; Rich, le, iii, 76 «,
206, 321 n ; iv, 139 n ; Dame
Sibyl, iii, 327 « ; Thos. (le), iii,
72 «, 194, 203, 227, 328, 413 « ; iv,
127, 144 n ; v, 179 « ; Sir Thos.,
iii, 81, 203, 206, 306 w, 311, 314,
326,336, 372, 428, 436; Will.
(leor de), iii, 76, 78-9 «, 192 «-3,
2oo«-r, 310, 3i9-22«, 325, 329,

339, 37i, 404, 4H«, 439J iv,
141 «, I57«, 160, 246;*; Sir
Will, (le), iii, 80, 141 «, 193, 202,
206, 306 », 310, 327, 335 «, 403,
409 «, 427; iv, i26«-7#, 299 » ;
fam., iii, 81, 305-6 n, 318, 329, iv,

Butler Green (Chadderton), v, 115

Butterclining, iii, 50 «

Butterscrofts, iv, 140 n

Butterworth, iv, 265, 284-5 > v,
123, 187-90, 192 », 197 «, 210,
213, 222 «-4; ch., v, 221 ; Free-
hold side, v, 213 ; Ldshp. side, v,

213 ; man., iv, 283 ; v, 213 ;
Nonconf., v, 222

Butterworth Hall, v, 213-4
Butterworth, — ,iv, 178**; Abra., v,

212 ; Ad. de, iv, 265 n ; v, 214 n ;

Agnes (de), v, 204 «, 220 « ;

Alex. (de),v, 189, 196, 201 «, 207»,

214 «-5, 218 », 225 «; Alf., v,
167 ; Alice de, v, 220 n ; Andr,
de, v, 220 n • Ann, iv, 202 .
Award de, v, 214 « ; Bern, (de),
v, 96 #, 204 « ; Chas., v, 217 « ;
Christiana de, v, 220 «; Edm., v,
209; Edw., iv, 242 n; v, 205,
214 «-5, 221 «, 225 n ; Edwin, v,
94 ; Eliz., v, 96 #, 214 «; Ewan, v,
214 n ; Geoff, de, v, 214 « ; Gilb.
(de), v, 2i4«, 226; Grace, v,
219 «; Hen. (de), v, 2i3«-4«,
217 «, 220 n, 227 « ; Jas. (de), iv,
340; v, 94, 2i4»; Jane, v,
2i4«-5»; Joan, v, 219*; Jno.,
v, 1 1 2, 217, 225 », 227 «, 229-30 «,
232 ; Jonathan, v, 215 ; Maudde,
iv, 265 n ; v, 2i4«; Nich., v,
217; Ralph, v, 217 n; Rich, de,
v, 2i3«-4«, 218 «-2o«; Rob.
<de), v, 95«,2i3«-5, 217, 220 «,
I «, 229 «, 233 ; Rog. de, v, 217 ;
Susan, v, 114 « ; Thos. de, v-
214 «, 226 « ; Will, (de), iv, 265 n ;
v, 214 «, 221 «, 225 n

Button's field (Walton), iii, 1 1 »

Butts, Dr., iv, 333 n

Buxton, Mary, v, 147 »; Mich., v,

I47«

Bycall, iii, 297 »
Byckershagh, Rog. de, iii, 427
Bykershagh, see Bickershaw
Bykyrstath, see Bickerstaffe
Byl, Thos., iii, 213 «
Bymmeson, Dionysia, iii, 298 n ;

Rich., iii, 298 « ; Will., iii, 298 n
Bymonds, v, 138

Byrestowe, Sarah, iv, 244 n

Byrkehill, see Birtle

Byrkenhed, Jno., iii, 356 «

Byrom, iv, 124 «, 220 n; Hall, iv,
220 «; man.jiv, 149 n, 151,221

Byrom, Ad. (de), iv, i52«-3#,
207 «, 209 «, 220 «, 281 n ; v,
248 «, 265 n ; Alice (de), iv, 152,
162 «, 220 »; Ann, iv, 220 «;
Cecily de, iv, 152 » ; Constance
(de), iv, 112, 152 ; Edw., iii, 429;
iv, 153 «, 2io», 217 «, 219 «-2o n,
248, 392 «; v, 14 n ; Edw. F.,
iv, 153, 221; Eliz., iv, 131 «,
l52»-3, 220», 222; Ellen, iv,
[53 «, 220 n; Geo., iv, 209 n,
220 », 373 n; v, 45 ; Hen. (de), iii,
335 «, 339 «, 36i «, 378 n, 380,
425, 440; iv, 112, 126 «-7, 152-
3, 209 «, 220 n ; v, 38 # ; see
also Glazebrook ; Isabel, iv, 135 #,
153 n ; Jas. de, iv, 206 n ; Joan de,
iii, 434 ; Jno. (de), iii, I2O«, 375,
378, 380 «, 425 ; iv, 135 n, 152-
3, 162 «, 205 «-7 «, 220-1 ; v,
38, 120, 131 n, 183 « ; Jos., iv,
153, 22o«; v, 14 n ; Lawr., iv,
209 K, 220 n ; Lucy de, iii, 380 ;
iv, 152; Marg., iii, 378 n ; iv,
152, 209 #, 220 «; v, 38 ; Mary,
iii, 378 n ; iv, 152, 209 n ; v, 1 19-
20 ; Mildred, iv, 153 n ; Pet., iii,
378 n • Ralph, iv, 220 « ; v, 248 «,
265 n ; Rebecca, iv, 220 «; Rich.,
iv, 153 n • Rob., iv, 200 «, 220 n;
Sam., iii, 378 «, 425 ; iv, 153 ;
Sim. (de), iii, 434; iv, 152 «,
i6o»; Thos. (de), iv, 152,210,
220 «, 271 ; see also Nottingham,
archd. of ; Thurstan de, iv, 152 n;
Will., iv, 152 n, 220 n ; fam., iii,
36i «, 373, 378 ; iv, 208, 220,
242 «; v, 14, i8«, 265; see
also Byron

Byron, Lds., iii, 71, 286 ; iv, 282 « ;
v, 191 ; Eliz., baroness, v, 191 n ;
Sir Jno., baron, v, 191 ; Rich.,
baron, v, 191 n ; Will., baron, v,
191 n

Byron, — , iv, 21 ; Agnes de, iv, 283;
v, 213 »; Alesia, iv, 283 «;
Alice (de), iv, 212, 283, 285 «,
398 «; v, 112; Ann(e), iv,
285 n ; Cecily de, iv, 274 «, 282 ;
Eliz. (de), iii, 437 ; iv, 283 «-5 ;
Ellen (de), iii, 346 n, 37o»; v,
165 n ; Eugenia, v, 218 «; Geoff,
de, iii, 210 ; iv, 283 », 327,
357 «-8, 370 », 377 «, 389 «-9° «,
397 n ; Hen. de, iii, 53 n ; Hen. J.,
iv, 187 ; Isabel de, iii, 210 ; Sir
Jas. de, iv, 283 ; v, 204 « ; Joan
de, iii, 53 n, 210 », 212 n ; iv,
283-4 ; v, 213-5 nt 22° > Jno-
(de), iii, 53«-4«, 4i6«; iv, 193^,
238 », 255, 271 «, 274 n, 282 «-3,
289 «, 293 «, 324 «, 389 »; v,
95 n, 112 ; Sir Jno. (de), iii, 329 «,
436-7; iv, ii3«, 194 n, 219 «,
254-5 »t 257«, 272«-3«, 277,
283-5, 287«, 310, 345 «, 36i«;
v, non-in, U3«-4 «, 164 n,
174 », 204-5 *i 213-5 »» 220,
227 n, 230 ; Marg., iii, 436 ; v,
165^; Margery de, iv, 282 «,
284 ; Maud de, iii, 33, 101 «, 210 ;
iv, 283 n ; Nich., iv, 274 «, 284 ;
v, 191 n ; Sir Nich., iv, 285 ;
Ralph, iv, 285 n • Rich.(de), iii, 53;
iv, 273 n, 283, 326 «, 341 n, 345 «,

322

Byron (cont.)

370 «, 377 «, 389 «» 397 * ; v
IJ3«, 213 n, 218 «; Sir Rich.de,
iii, 53 «; iv, 238 «, 283-4, 324 «,
341 «; v, 95 n, 204 «-5 « ; Rob.
de, iii, 33, 53-4 », 210-1, 253 n ;
iv, 273-4 «, 282-3, 34i »J
Sir Rob., iv, 22 ; Thos. de, iv,
397 n ; v, 20 n ; Will., v, 191 « ;
fam., iii, 210 ; iv, 175, 237, 282,
325 ; v, 113, 190, 203 ; see *lso
Birun, Buron, and Byrom

Byry, see Bury

Cabbage Hall (Walton), iii, 23
Cachemaille, Alf. J. J., v, 106
Caddick, Rob., iii, 246
Cadenay, man., iv, 283 n
Cadishead, iv, 363-5 «, 371, 375;
char., iv, 362 «-3 n ; Nonconf, iv,

375

Cadishead, Alex, de, iv, 372
Cadshaw, v, 282 ; Brook, v, 273
Calais, siege, iv, 7 n
Calamy, [Edm.], iii, 9 n
Caldebrook, iv, 370 n
Calder R., v, 231 ; valley, v, 222
Calderbank, iv, 363
Calderbrook, v, 229 ; ch., r, 234 ;

Nonconf, v, 234
Caldershaw, v, 207
Calders meadow (Halsall), iii, 191 «
Calderstones, the, (anc. stones), iii,

118

Calderstones estate, iii, 129
Caldwell (Rivington), v, 291 n
Caldwell carr (Bold), iii, 407 ft
Caldwell Head and Syke, v, 145 n
Caldwell, Jno., iv, 128, 203 ; Will.,

»i, 334
Caldy, Little, (Ches.), man., iii,

133 «, 135

Caley, fam., see Keeley

Caleye, Will, de, iii, 372 «

Calf hey, the, (Childwall), iii, 140

Calico manufacture, v, 189

Calico-printirg, iv, 230, 326 ; v, 7,
162, 270, 282, 284

Callan, Mary, iv, 139 ; Thurstan, iv,
139 ; Widow, iii, 382 » ; Will., iv,
139-40

Callen, Lawr, iii, 4io»

Calveley, Edw., iv, i6o«, 372 «;
Jno. (de), iii, 133 « ; iv, 160 «-i »,
164, 372 n; Marg. de, iii, 133 » ;
Ralph, iv, 160-1, 372 ; Rich., iv,
161 «, 372 n

Calverhale, Will, de, iii, 326

Calverhey (Lathom), iii, 25 1 n

Calverley, v, 7«

Calvert, Thos., iv, 197

Calvinism, iii, 44 »

Calvinistic Independents, iv, 216

Calvinistic Methodists, Welsh
Presbyterians, iii, 19, 22, 28, 34, 44,
128, 236, 284, 324, 352, 376, 392,
421, 445 J iv, 50, 77, 9*> ^37, 216,
251, 262, 281, 302, 351; v, 39,
107, 115, 132, 200, 255

Cambal, Combal, Wood (Bold), iii,
402-3 n

Cambridge, Univ. of, iii, 64 « ;
Christ's Coll., iv, 186 « ; v, 19 « ;
Emmanuel Coll., v, 98 ; Jesus
Coll., iv, 1 86; King's Coll., iii,
342, 344 «, 353-4, 362, 405 n ;
Pembroke Coll. (Hall), iv, 257,
367 n ; Peterhouse, iii, 109 n,

INDEX

Cambridge (cont.)

i$5«;St. John's Coll., v, 143;
Sidney-Sussex Coll., v, 60 n ;

Trinity Coll., iv, 196 n
Campbell, Aug., iii, 107-8 n ; iv, 46;

Geo., iii, 22 «; Maj. P., iii, 107 n
Campden, Walt, de, iv, 61
Campey, Anne, iii, 448 ; Jas., iii,

448 ; Will., iii, 448
Campfield (Manchester), iv, 223
Campfield (Pendlebury), iv, 397
Camvile, Gerard de, iv, 377 n
Canal construction, iv, 32, 181,

381

Candish, iii, 409 n
Canell, Fr. Jas., iv, 78
Canewdon (Essex), iv, 66
Canfer croft, iii, io»
Cannel coal, iv, 69 «, 101, 103, 115,

117-8

Canning, [Geo.], iv, 34-5
Cannock (Melling), iii, 209
Cansfield, Eliz., iv, 85 n ; Jno., iv,

85 n ; Mary, iv, 85 n ; fam., iv,

145 ; see also Cantsfield
Canterbury Cath., iii, 68 n
Canterbury, archbp. of, iii, 305 n ;

iv, 60 «, 75 «, 197 n ; Rich. Ban-
croft, iii, 341,402, 408 n; Thos.

Bourchier, iv, 1 26^-7; Thos.

Cranmer, v, 197 ; Parker, v, 200 ;

Jno.de Peckham, v, 197 n ; Dr.

Manners Sutton, iii, 155 « ; [Jno.]

Whitgift, iii, 384
Cantsfield, man., iv, 85 n
Cantsfield, Matth. de, iii, 69 n ; Rob.,

iv, 79 n ; see also Cansfield
Canvill, Gerard de, v, 94 n • Maud

de, v, 94 n

Canwick (Lines.), iv, 336 n
Capenhurst, Thos. de, iii, 179
Cardenas, Jno. de, iv, 383 n
Cardigan, earl of, iii, 8 ; Geo., iii,

62

Carghey, Will., iv, 109 n
Carinton, Rob. de, iii, 142 n
Carite, Pet., v, i$7«
Carkington, iii, 1 15 n
Carles, Emma, iii, 178-9 ; v, 274 « ;

Hugh, iii, I78«; Jno., iii, 179;

Sir Will., iii, 178-9 ; v, 273 n
Carleton, Alice de, iii, 432 n ; Mabel

de, iii, 132; Rich, de, iii, 311;

iv, 139 n ; Thos. de, iii, 132 ; Sir

Will, de, iii, 432 n
Carlingford, iv, 16
Carlisle, iii, I2O«; iv, 20, 28;

surrender, iv, 180
Carlisle, bp. of, iii, 162 n ; Jno. W.

Bardsley, iv, 48 n
Caiiton, Jas., v, 38 n
Carlton-in-Lindrick, v, 73 n
Carmelites (rel. order), iii, 74
Carnarvon, earl of, Hen., iv, 197 n
Carnarvon Castle, constable of, Jno.

Stinley, iii, 159 n
1 Carnatic ' (French ship), capture of,

iii, 124

Carnegie, Andr., iii, 12 n, 435 ; v, 56
Carpenter, Rev. H., iv, 51 n ; fam.,

iv, 76 n
Carr (Culcheth), iv, 156 ; Brook, iv,

154, 156

Carr, the, (Leigh) iii, 444
Carr (Tottington), v, 143-4
Carr Cross (Snape), iii, 265 #, 273
Carr Hill, iv, 362 «
Carr Houses, iii, 79 ; New House,

iii, 85 n
Carr Mill Dam, iii, 371 ; iv, 83

Carr, Sir Amb., v, 79 n ; Edw.,
i", 347 », 376; G. R., v, 182;
Jas., iv, 167 n; v, 176/2 ; Jane, v,
176 n; Marg., iv, 167 n ; Rich.,
iv, 87; Thos., iv, 167 n ; Lady
Vere, iii, 164

Carracci, Annibal, iv, 248 n

Carran, iii, 125

Carrbank tenement (Atherton), iii,

437

Carreslache, iv, 60 n

Can-field, iii, 215 n

Carrington, v, 44, 46 ; Moss, v, 42

Carrington, Sir Chas. Smith, Visct.,
v, 297 n

Carrington, Jno., iv, 346 n

Carr Wood, Altcar, iii, 22

Carter, Abra., iv, 256, 258 n ; Jno.,
iv, 256 n ; Oliver, iv, 199 n,
258 n ; Rich., iii, 388 « ; Susan,
iii, 300 n ; Thos., v, 234 ; Will.,
iii, 108 « ; fam., iii, 388 n

Carter's House (Widnes), iii, 388

Cartgate, the, (Prescot), iii, 393 n

Cartlache (Worsley), iv, 377 n ; v,
27 n

Cart Leach (Tyldesley), iii, 439

Cartmel, bailiwick of serjeanty of,
iii, 14

Cartmel Priory, iv, 161 «

Cartwright, Eliz., iv, 192 ; Fran., iv,
202 ; Humph., iii, 324 « ; Rich.,
iii, 94 ; Thos., v, 74 n; see also
Chester, bp. of; fam., iii, 211

Carus, Thos., iii, 174

Caryll, Bridg., iii, 73; v, 43;
Dorothy, iii, 71 «, 73 ; Jno., iii,
73 ; Jno. B., iii, 71 n ; Mary, iii, 73

Case, Dorothy, iii, 153 ; Eliz., iii,
153, 35.0; Hen., iii, 347 «, 352;
Jno., in, 57 n, 152-3, 350 « ; Jno.
A., iii, 350; Jonathan, iii, 157;,
no ft, I74«, 346 «, 350; Marg.,
iii, 350«, 379«; Thos., iii, 113,

35° »> 379 « ; iv> I05 ; Will, i»>

352; fam., Hi, 153, 157 n, 174
Cason, Edw., iii, 154
Casselache (Prescot), iii, 351 n
Cassell, Jno., iv, 187
Cassey, Kath., iv, 394 n ; Magdalen,

iv, 394 n

Cassicarr Wood, iv, 97
Casson, Jonathan, iii, 128
Castdja, Adolphine G. M. de F., ctss.

de, iii, 270 ; Marie E. A. de B.

Scarisbrick, count de, iii, 269
Caste"ja, mchnss. de, iii, 276 ;

Eliza M. de B. Scarisbrick, iii,

269
Castlja, mqs. de, iii, 276 ; Remy

L. de Biaudos, iii, 269
Castel, Alan del, v, 299 n
Castello, Hadrian di, iii, 135 n
Casterton, Geoff, de, iii, 105 n ;

Rich, de, iii, 105 n
Castle (Droylsden), iv, 282 n
Castle Bromwich, v, 185 n
Castlefield (Liverpool), iv, 2
Castlefield (Manchester), iv, 381
Castle Hill (Birtle), v, 174, 176
Castle Hill (Newton), iv, 132
Castle Hill (Prestwich), v, 76-7 n
Castlehill (Rochdale), v, 191 «
Castlehill, Hawise de, iv, 222 n
Castles, iii, 3,4, 13 «, 109; iv, 4,

I74«-5; v, 20 1, 299; see also

under place-names
Castlesteads, v, 141
Castleton, iv, 266 n; v, 67 ft, 139,

i6o«, 187-93, 197 n, 201, 215,

323

Castleton (cont.}

219 «, 223; char., v, 201 «; ch.,
v, 196/2, 206 ; Hall, v, 203, 224 ;
man., v, 202, 223 ; Moor, v,
203 n ; Nonconf., v, 206 ; rds., v,
20 1

Castleton Glebe, v, 201

Castleton, Alex, de, v, 202 n ;
Andr. de, v, 202 n ; Thos., iii,

Castro, Fr. Alph. a (or de), iii, 38 ;

iv, 25 7 «
Caterall, Jas., v, 301 n ; Rog., v,

301 n

Caterbank, Will., iii, 314"
Catherton, see Chadderton and

Chatterton
Catholes, v, 291 n
Catholic Apostolic Ch., iii, 236 ; iv,

So, 77-8, 338, 351 ; v, 39, 107,

255

Catholic Emancipation, iv, I97«
Catley Lane (Spotland), v, 206-7
Catlow, Rob., v, 283 n
Caton, Dr. R., iv, 53 ; Thos., iii, 106
Catranscroft, iii, 129 n
Catshaw, v, 207 n-8 n
Catshurst, iv, 84 n
Catsknoll, iv, 277
Catterall, Alex., iv, 120 ft; Marg.,

iii, 437 ; Pet., iv, I22« ; Rob., v,

159; Thos., iii, 437
Catterick Hall, iv, 310
Catton, Dav., iii, 106
Cattshaw green (Prescot), iii, 363 n
Caule Shaw, see Coldshaw
Causay, Causey, Rich, (de), iii, 170,

179

Causeway Field (Blackley), iv, 256 n
Causeway Lane, see Everton Brow
Cavan, Sam., iii, 386
Cave, Sir Will., v, 45 n ; Will. A. C

B., v, 45
Cavendish, Anne, iii, 432 ; iv, 149 »;

Sir Will., Baron Cavendish, see

Devonshire, earl of
Cavins, v, 7
Cawdoe, v, 46
Cawdran, Rob., iii, 29 n
Cayley, iv, 137, 140 ; Green, iv, 139 n
Cayley, Rich, de, iv, 140 n ; Thos.,

iv, 1 1 6 n ; see also Caleye
Cecil, Mildred, iv, 333 ; Sir Rob., iv,

290 n, 292 n, 319; Thos., see

Exeter, earl of
Cecily, dau. of Ellen, iii, 173 ; the

Marshal's dau., v, 211 n
Cecily halgh, v, I33«
Ceffton, see Sefton
Cement manufacture, iii, 414
Cercicile (Barton), iv, 364
Cert, Thos., iv, 84 n
Chadcroft, iii, 55 n
Chadderton, iv, 202 «, 389 n ; v, 67-

8, 71 », 92 », 104, H3«, "5.
145 « ; ch., v, 106, 121 ; Hall, v,
118; man., iv, 331 n ; v, 116,
i2o«, 145; Nonconf., v, 121;
rds., v, 115; Thatch Leach, v,

Chadderton Fold, v, 115 ; Non-

conf., v, 121

Chadderton Heights, v, 1 1 5
Chadderton, Chaderton, Chatherton,
Ad. de, v, 98 «, 113 ft, 177 «;
Agnes de, v, 109 «; Alex, de, iv,
265, 349 n ; v, 109 n, 1 16 «; Alice
(de), v, 98 n, 109 n ; Cecily de, v,
109 n ; Edm., iv, 196 n, 266 »-7,
273 « ; v, 145 « ; see also Brad-

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Chadderton (cant.}

shaw ; Ellis, iv, 266 n ; Geoff, de,
iv, 237 n-8 n, 242 «, 259 «-6o n,

265 ; v, 27 #, 95 «, 102 w, 108 «-
9«, 116, irgw, 121 «, 145 n,
177 n, 2ogn; Geo., iv, 242 n,

266 «, 346 »; v, 96 «, 98, 101 w,
109 «, 145 n; Hen. de, iii, 2«,
8o«-i «, 92 «, 179 «, 210 «, 214;
iv, 266 #; v, 116; Isabel, iv,
266 n ; Jane, iv, 266 n ; Joan (de),
iv, 237 #-8 «, 242 n ; v, 98 «, iog«,
116 « ; Jno. (de), iii, 8o«-i « ; iv,
266»; v, IO9#, 121 n ; Kath.
(de), iii, 8o«-i#; v, 98, 109 n ;
Lawr., v, 94, 98 ; Margery de, v,
27 ;/, 1 1 6 ; Mary, v, 98 « ; Oliver,
v, 109 «; Rich, de, iv, 238 n;
Rob. (de), iv, 266 ;/, 346 n ; see
also Bradshaw ; Rog. de, iv, 265-
6; v, io8#-9#, 145 ; Thos. (de),
iv, 266 «; v, 85 #, 98, 109 «,
134 «; Will, (de), v, 116, ngn,
145 n; see also Lincoln, bp. of;
fam., iv, 265 ; v, 85, 109, 232

Chaddock Hall, iii, 441 «-2

Chaddock Hurst, iii, 440

Chaddock, Chadoc, Chaydock, Ad.
de, iii, 442 ; Elias de, iii, 442 n
Grace, iii, 442 ; Hen., iii, 442
Hugh, iii, 442 ; Jas., iii, 442
Jno. (de), iii, 389, 442 n ; v, 1 10 n
Margery, v, 24 n ; Piers, iii, 442
Reg. de, iii, 442 n ; Rich, de, iii
427 ; Rob. de, iii, 442 n ; Sim. de
v, non ; Thos. (de), iii, 441 »-2
iv, 360, 391 ; v, non ; Will, de
iii, 442 n

Chadeswrthe, see Shoresworth

Chadkilne, iv, 143 n

Chadkirk, Cecily, iv, 244 « ; Hen.,
iv, 239 «, 244 n ; Jno., iv, 239 n

Chadlington (Oxon.), iii, 34 n

Chadoc, see Chaddock

Chadwick, v, 206-8 ; Hall, v, 136 «,
208

Chadwick Green, iv, 83

Chadwick, Ad. de, v, 208 « ; Agnes
de, v, 1 1 5 w, 208 n ; Andr. de, v,
208 n ; Cecily, iv, 208 n ; Chas.,
v, 211 n ; Dr., iv, 205 n ; v, 242,
245 ; Edm., v, 176 ; Sir Edwin,
iv, 1 86 ; Eliz., v, 206 « ; Frances
E., iv, 66 n ; Fran., v, 176 ; Hen.,
iv, 208 n • v, 221 n ; Hercules, iv,
266 n ; Hugh, v, 208 n ; Jas., v,
189, 206 «, 220, 227 n; Jno., iv,
163 n ; v, 208, 210-1, 221 ;
Jonathan, iv, 267 n ; v, 208 ;
Jordan, v, 207 «, 210 «-i, 221 w,
227 n ; Nich. de, v, 208 n ; Oliver,
v, 208 ; Rich., iv, 242 n ; v, 2I2«;
Rob., v, 206 n-8, 212 «; Rog., v,
206,208, 218 n ; Sarah, v, 196,
200 #, 208 ; S. T., v, 249 ; Thos.,
iv, 1 80 «, 236 ; v, 210 ; Will, (de),
v, 1 1 5 «, 206 n, 208 n ; fam., iv,
345 n; v, 147 », 208, 217

Chaidok, see Chaddock Hall

Chaldewall, see Childwall

Chalke (Wilts.), iii, 148

Challenge fights, iii, 131, 222

Challoner, Challinor, Anne, iii,
128 «; Edw., iv, 77; Hen., iii,
128 «; Rich., iii, 127; Will., iii,
128 n ; fam., iii, 140

Chalmer, Edm. B., iii, 95

Chamber (Gt. Bolton), v, 246 n

Chamber Hall (nr. Bury), iv, 309 n ;
v, 135

Chamber Hall (Oldham), v, 93, 96,

i68«

Chamber Hills, iv, 339
Chamberlain, Mrs., iii, 382 «
Chambers, Rev. Thos., iii, 108 n
Chambrie, Calcot, iv, 310^ ; Lucy,

iv, 310 »

Champion, Jos., iv, 201
Champneys, Basil, iv, 229; Hen.

W., iii, 419

Chandler, Deb., iii, ngn
Channell, Capt., iv, i"jgn
Chanterell, Alice, iv, 289 n ; Will.,

iv, 289 n

Chanters brook, iii, 437
Chantrell, Darcy, iii, 112; Rob.,

iii, 17
Chantries, iii, 65, 156, 246 ; iv,43-4;

suppression, iii, 305, 340 ; iv,

15,44

Chapel Croft (Butterworth), v, 213
Chapel end (Rainford), iii, 382
Chapel-en-le-Frith, char., iv, 202 n
Chapel Field, Nonconf., v, 92
Chapels, anc., iii, I2», 17, 41,44,

5!-2, 55, 59, 61, 94, io8», 127,

149, l82, 2OI, 2O8, 214, 22O, 256,

339, 374 n; iv, 3, 43-4, 86, 94-5,

278, 294; v, 148, 179, 1 8 r, 279
Chapeltown, v, 273
Chapman, Alice, iv, 390 n ; Chas.,

iii, 345 ; Jas., v, 79 ; Rob., iv,

390 n; Thos. A., v, 240; Will.,

iv, 389 n-go n

Chaps Clough (Prescot), iii, 351 n
Charisbrec, see Scarisbrick
Charlemont, Ld., iii, 281 n
Charles I, iii, 14, 92, 112, 164^,

174; iv, 19, 20, 145, 215, 290,

364, 372 n; v, 190
Charles II, iii, 89, 146, 164-5, 261,

306,319; iv, 26, 69, ioo«, 145,

280,364 ; v, 14 n
Charles Edward, Prince, iii, 414;

iv, 1 80, 306 ; see also Pretender,

Young

Charles, Rob., iii, 286 n
Charlestown (Ashton-under-Lyne),

iv, 339 ; Nonconf., iv, 351 n
Charlestown (Heap), v, 136
Charlestown (Pendleton), iv, 392 ;

ch., iv, 396 ; Nonconf., iv, 396
Charlson, Sam., iii, 438
Charlton, see Cholreton, Chorleton,

Chorlton
Charnley, Hen., iii, 229 ; Jno. de,

iv, 210 n ; Rachael, v, 243 n ;

Will, (de), iv, 210 «; v, 205 n
Charnock, iv, 6
Charnock Richard, iii, 71 n; iv,

150 «, 275 «; man., iii, 401 n;

Park Hall, iv, 1 1 1
Charnock, Ad. de, iii, 86 n, 139 n;

Anne, iv, 275 n ; Bridg., iv, 275,

280 « ; Edw., iv, 274 ; Hen. (de),

iii, 86 n, 139; iv, \ojn; Joande,

»i, I39»5 Jno-> iii, 303; iv,

275 «, 280 «; Lawr., iv, 144 n ;

Marg. (de), iii, 139; iv, 275 «;

Margery de, iii, 86 n ; Ralph, iii,

148 «; iv, n? ; Randle, iv, I2ow;

Rob., iii, 139 «, 303, 425; iv,

1 1 8 «, 275 », 280 », 367 », 383 n ;

Rog., iii, 322 », 389; iv, 275 «;

Thos., iii, 139 #, 425, 429-30;

iv, 107 n, 275, 280-1, 375, 383 »;

Will, de, iii, 139; iv, 107 «; v,

183 ; fam., iii, 116, 139
Charples, see Sharpies
Charteris, Col. Fran., iii, 243

324

Charters Moss, v, 273

Chartists, iv, 184, 217

Chaseley, iv, 392

Chaterton, see Chadderton

Chatherton, see Chadderton

Chat Moss, iii, 414, 431, 434, 445 ;

iv, 237, 352, 363, 376 ; rly. over,

iv, 352

Chatterton, v, 144
Chatterton, Jno., iii, 104 «
Chauntry Brow (Blackrod), v, 299
Chawner, Anne, iii, 103 n
Chaworth, Thos. de, iii, 249 n
Chaydock, Chaydok, see Chaddock
Cheadle, iv, 288 ; Abney Hall, iv,

3i6
Cheadle, Hugh de, iv, 304 n ; Marg.

de, v, 5 1 n ; Rog. de, iii, 86 n ; v,

Sin

Cheam, v, 31 n
Checkers, Chequers, (Salford), iv,

209 n

Cheek, Nich. M., iv, 301
Cheeryble Brothers, originals of, v,

144
Cheesden, v, 206, 210 n; Nonconf.,

v, 213

Cheesden Brook, v, 176, 178 n
Cheese-making, iii, 414, 439
Cheeseman, Will., iv, 334 n
Cheetham, iv, 174, 176, 192 «, 204,

218-9 «, 230 #, 235-6, 259, 261,

277 ni 399 n; v, 163; char., iv,

201 n ; chs., iv, 262 ; Jews, iv,

262; man., iii, i6o#; iv, 259;

v, 89, 91 «; Nonconf., iv, 262 ;

Rom. Cath., iv, 222 n
Cheetham, Chetham, Hill, iii, 64 « ;

iv, 259» 264 ; Nonconf., iv, 262 ;

Rom. Cath., iv, 262
Cheetham's Brow, iii, 12, 15 n
Cheetwood, iv, 259-60 «; ch., iv,

262 ; Idshp. and man., iii, 160 n ;

iv, 260 « ; v, 91 n
Cheffers, Anne, iii, 373 « ; Edw.,

"i, 373 » J Eiiz-, »i» 373 * ; Wini-
fred, iii, 373 n

Cheidocke, see Chaddock Hall

Chelford, see Salford

Chelworth, Jno. de, iv, 390 n

Chemical works, iii, 375, 377, 387-
8 ; v, 39, 58, 182

Cheney, Mr., iv, 391

Cheping Clough, iv, 405 n

Chequerbent, v, 20 ; Rom. Cath., v,

25

Cherchebi, see Kirkby
Cheselbourne (Dorset), v, 45 n
Chesham, v, 128, 131, 223 n ; man.,

v, 222 «, 224 n
Chester, iii, 37, 89, 164, 168 n, 405 n;

iv, 14, 16-8, 20, 22-3, 130, 174 n;

cast., iii, 71, 74 n, 389 n ; iv, 379 ;

cath., iii, 107 n ; v, 20 n ; chs., iii,

io6«, 122, 148, 155 «, 262 n ; fair,

iii, 166 n; nunnery, iii, 249 «;

privilege of sanctuary, iv, 175 ;

St. John's hosp., iii, 24, 39 «, 43,

76^,90, Iig, I22«~3 «, I25~6«,

131, 146 «, 151, 322, 350, 403 «;

iv, 84
Chester Abbey, iii, 201 «, 230 ;

abbot, iii, 104, 298 n
Chester, archdeaconry of, iii, 316;

v, 238
Chester, archd. of, iii, 189;?, 262 «,

417; iv, I26«, 141 «; v, 104;

Rich, de Buddeswall, iii, 391 ;

Hen. (de) Halsall, iii, 179, 189,

194, 205 ; Will. Knight, iii, 310 «;

INDEX

Chester, archd. of (cont.}

iv, iign, 192*1; v, 238 ti, 252 n;

R. de Maidstone, iv, 377 «; Dr.

Geo. Radcliffe, iv, 127; Edw.

Stanley, iv, 127 ; Jas. Stanley, iii,

311, 378 «, 405 «; iv, 127, 195 ;

Rich. Stanley, iv, 127, 162 n ;

Geo. Travis, v, 112
Chester, bps. of, iii, 104, 106, H9»,

121, 15 1 », 162, 243, 294, 340,

373 «> 39i », 4io, 438> 448-9;
iv, 25 «, 49, 60, 78 «, 125, 127 «,
I2gn, 246, 289 «, 308, 391 ; Geoff.
Blythe, iii, i6i«; Jno. Bridge-
man, iii, 104, 416 ; iv, 20, 58-60 n,
63, 70, 72-3, 96, 192 «; v, 159,
184-5, 247 J Thos. Cartwright,
iii, 106 «, 375 ; iv, 64, 69 « ; Geo.
Coates, iii, 391 n ; v, 19 n ; Geo.
Hall, iv, 63 ; Jno. Pearson, iv,
63, 65 ; Sam. Peploe, iv, 197 ;
Beilby Porteous, iii, 107 n ; Cuth.
Scott, iv, 65, 82 n ; v, 40 # ; Thos.
Stanley, iv, 72 ; Nich. Stratford,
iv, 64, 197 ; Jno. Wilkins, iv, 63

Chester, dean of, — Bridgeman, iv,
64 n

Chester, constable of, iii, 53, 368 ;
Will. Fitz Nigel, iii, 445 ; Jno.,
iii, 114, 1 1 8, 230 «, 389 n; Jno.
de Lacy, iii, 356 «, 368 ; see also
Lincoln, earl of; Rog. de Lacy,
iii, 118, 177 «, 215, 230, 387,445

Chester, earl of, iii, 47 «, 50 w, 325 ;
the Black Prince, iii, 389 n ; Ra-
nulf (Randle) Blundeville, iii, 3,
46 «, 222, 230, 265, 332; iv, 4,
115, 206 ; v, 238 n, 245 ; Ranulf
(Randle) Gernons, iii, 6#, 121,
328 ; iv, 133 n ; v, 299 n

Chester, see of, iii, 104, 125 ; v, 238

Chester, Matth., iii, 215

Chesterfield, iv, 276; battle of,
iii, 4

Chester gate, Lane, (Prescot), iii,
358 «, 362-3 », 374 «, 387, 393 «,

403 «

Chesterton, iii, 23 n

Chesum, see Chesham

Chetam, Cheteham, see Cheetham

Chetel, iii, 192

Chetham Hill, see Cheetham

Chetham, — , iv, 179 n • Abigail, v,
243 ; Ad., iv, 203, 258 n, 265 n ;
v, ii4«; Alice (de), iv, 2i9«,
265, 273 n ; v, 1 14 n ; Ann(e), iv,
255 «, 261, 266 n ; Cath., v, 279 w;
Edw., iv, 207 #, 212 w, 218, 220 n,
246/7, 259, 261, 264 «, 266-8,
274 w; v, 217 w, 224, 275; Eleanor
de, v, 204 n ; Eliz., iv, 201 «,
266 «, 306 n ; Ellis, v, 205 n ;
Fran., iv, 265 n-6 ; Geoff, de, iii,
129; iv, 365 n; v, io8#, 116,
177, 220 «; Sir Geoff, de, iv,
259-60 > 265; v, 89, lion;
Geo., iv, .i8«, 261, 263-4, 267 «,
285 ; v, 275, 279 n ; Gervase, v,
243 n ; Hen. (de), iv, 220 «, 25 2 «,
259, 263, 265-6, 335 ; Sir Hen.
de, iv, 265 n ; Hugh(e), iv, 263 «-
4 n ; v, 156; Humph., iv, 185,

191, 201, 212, 225, 227, 26l, 263,
278, 280 n, 285, 404 ; v, 4#, 224,
238, 243, 275-6, 279-80 ; Isabel,
iv, 200 n, 266 n ; Jas. (de), iv,
2i8«-2o^, 222,257, 26 1,263 «-
4, 266, 390 n ; v, 1 14 n, 204 «~5 «,
2I7«, 224, 273, 275, 280; Jno.
(de), iv, 265-7 #, 340 ; v, 108 «-

Chetham (cont.)

9«, I77«, 234 w; Marg. (de), iv,
259«-6o«, 265 n ; v, 4#, n6«;
Margery (de), iii, 129 ; iv, 266 n ;
v, 101 n; Martha, iv, 266 n; Mary,
iv, 218, 261 ; v, 224 ; Maud de,
iv, 265 « ; Nich., iv, 266 n; Ralph,
v, 4 w, logn, 114 n; Rich, de, iv,
265 n ; Rob. (de), iv, 200, 265 n,
289 n ; v, 114 n; Rog. de, iv,
265 n ; Sam., iv, 220 n ; v, 203,
224 ; Thos. (de), iv, 263 n, 265-6,
346 «; v, logn-ion, 131 «, i68«,
205 n, 217 w ; Will., iv, 256; fain.,
iv, 189, 218, 265, 270; v, 109,
205, 232, 263

Chetham Society, v, 221 n

Chetwode, Geo., iv, 350

Chetwynd, Walt., iii, 227, 229 n

Cheverell, Andr., v, 220 n; Chris-
tiana, v, 220 n

Chew (Gorton), iv, 277 n

Chew (Maghull), iii, 215

Chew Moor (Lostock), v, 295, 299 ;
Nonconf., v, 299

Cheydocke, Jno., see Chaddock

Chichester, bp. of, Ralph, iii, 141 n;
Ralph Brideoak, iii, 64 n ; iv,
262 ; Rich. Durnford, v, 159 ; Jno.
Lake, v, 73-4, 105 ; Jno. de
Langton, iv, 61 n ; Ad. Molyneux,

111, 69 n ; Rich. Praty, iii, 343,

349 «

Chiddingfold (Surr.), iii, 440
Childsfather, Ad., iii, 263 n
Childwall, iii, i, 2, 5, 102, 108, I2g«,
168; adv., iii, 104; Brook, iii,
IO9> J75 > ' bull beef and cabbage
stalks,' iii, lion; chant., iii, 107,

112, 134 w; char., iii, 108 ; ch.,
iii, 102-3, 127 n, i34«-5«, 150;
grange, iii, i6i«; Hall, The
Abbey, iii, no; Heath, iii, 102;
Hill, iii, 109; House, iii, no;
Lodge, iii, 1 10 ; man. or fee, iii,
15, 104, 109, 129, 161 «-2«,i64 n-
5«, 252, 265, 382 «; iv, 118,
230 n; v, 295 «; races, iii, 103;
rectory, iii, 125 ; iv, 145 n ; Vale,
iii, 102 ; vicarage," iii, 104-5

Childwall, Id. of, iii, logn-io

Childwall, Edw., iii, 176; Geo., iii,
176; Joan de, iii, H3«; Maud
de, iii, 1 10 n ; Will, de, iii, 1 13 n

Chilton (Bucks.), iv, 350 n

Chilvers Coton, iii, 15 n

Chippendale, Chippindall,Rev.Giles,
iv, i29«, 147

Chipping, iii, 165 n ; v, 55 n

Chirbury, iii, 87 n

Chirchedele, see Kirkdale

Chiselden, Will, de, iii, 418

Chisnall, Chisenhale, Edw., iv, 94 n,
lion; v, 264 n; Sir Edw, iv,
400; Eleanor, iii, 270 «; Jno.
(de), iii, 443; iv, 126, 14 in; v,
25, 30 n, 264 «, 280, 287 n ; Marg.
de, iii, 443 ; v, 30 w ; Mary, iv,
400 ; Oliver, v, 264 n ; Rich., iv,
90 «, 101 n ; v, 187, 264 «, 287 n ;
Rob. de, iii, 440 ; Rog. de, v,
52 n; Thos, iv, 94 n; Will, de,
iii, 25 n

Chisnall Brook, iii, 197

Cho, Wardle, v, 224 n

Chokes, Ellen, iv, 207 n ; Jno., iv,
207 n ; Rich., iv, 244 n

Choi, Jno. de, iii, 424 n

Cholerton, see Chorlton-upon-Med-
lock

325

Cholle, Agnes, iii, 426 ; Geo., iii,

437; Gilb., iii, 437; Rich., iii,

437 ; Will., iii, 437 ; fam., iii,

437 ; see also Chowe
Chollebynt, see Chowbent
Chollerton, see Chorlton
Cholmondeley, Ld., iii, 389 «; mqs.

of, iii, 387 ; Geo., earl of, iii, 387
Cholmondeley, Agnes de, iv, 373 « ;

Eliz., iii, 437 ; Jas., iv, 81 «, 385 ;

Jno.de., iv, 373 n; Penelope, iv,

81 «, 385 ; Rich., iii, 289 n ; Rob.,

iii, 437
Cholreton, Rich, de, iv, 298 n ; Rob.

de, iv, 298 n ; see also Chorleton,

Chorlton

Choo (Manchester), iv, 242
Chorleton, Charlton, Joan, iv, 298 «;

Thos. de, see Hereford, bp. of ; see

also Cholreton, Chorlton
Chorley, iv, 76 n ; v, 12, 24 » ; man.,

iii, 162 n; v, 246«~7#
Chorley, Alex., iii, 368-9 »; Eliz.,

iii, 346 «, 368-9 n ; Frances, iii,

346 n ; Hen. F., iv, 87 ; Jane, iii,

346 n ; Joan de, iv, 326 n ; Jno.

(de), iii, 368-9, 385 ; iv, 326 n ;

Marg., iii, 25 ; Rich., iii, 26; Wi'l.,

iii, 25 ; fam., iii, 26-7, 369 ; iv,

135 »

Chorlton, Chorlton Row, Chorlton-
upon-Medlock, iii, 129 n ; iv, 174,
176, 235-6 w, 238 n, 240 «, 251-2,
254, 278, 289;;, 298 «, 324 ; chs.,
iv, 254; Hall, iv, 251 «, 253 «-
4«, 368 « ; Heath, iv, 178;;,
252 «; Jews, iv, 254; man., iv,
252; Nonconf., iv, 250, 254, 281 n;
public buildings, iv, 25 1-2 ; Rant
(procession), iv, i8i«; Rom.
Cath., iv, 254 ; sts., iv, 251

Chorlton, Chorlton-with-Hardy, iv,
174, 235«-6«, 25 1 w, 288, 294,
297-8, 332 «; chap., iv, 178, 301;
char., iv, 201 n ; ch., iv, 203 n,
301-2 ; man., iv, 298 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 302 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 302

Chorlton Brook, iv, 288, 291

Chorlton Edge, iv, 254 n

Chorlton Fold (Eccles), iv, 363

Chorlton in Withington, iv, 252 n

Chorlton Moor, iv, 292

Chorlton Row, see Chorlton-upon-
Medlock

Chorlton, Ad. de, iv, 252 ; v, 35 n ;
Agnes de, iv, 252 n; Alice, iv,
266 n; Amabel de, iv, 252 w;
Austin de, iv, 252 »; Brun de, iv,
252; Ellen de, iv, 252 »; Geo.,
iv, 275 ; Gospatrick de, iv, 252,
281; Joan, iv, 329 «; Jno., iv,
186, 250; Jordan de, iv, 252 «;
Mary, iv, 201 n ; Rich, (de), iv,
252, 266 n, 329 n ; Rob. (de), iv,
252 «, 301 n, 329 w; Sim. de, iv,
298 n ; Thos. (de), iv, 203, 252 w,
396 ; fam., iv, " 253 ; see also
Cholreton, Chorleton

Chourton, see Chorlton-with-Hardy

Chow (Ormskirk), iii, 255 n

Chowbent, iii, 435, 437; v, 30 w;
battle, iii, 414 ; chap., iii, 417,
438-9 ; char., iii, 439 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 421, 438-9 ; sch., iii, 439

Chowe, Arth., iii, 437 «; Geo., iii,
437 n; see also Cholle

Chowe's tenement (Atherton), iii,

437-8

Christadelphians, iv, 50, 254
Christian, Agnes dau. of, iii, 99 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Christian, Thos., iv, 25

Christian Brethren, iii, 376 ; iv, 77,

351
' Christians, Awake,' hymn, writing

of, iv, 221

Christie, Rich., iv, 185

Christleton, iii, 227 «, 25 7 n

Church, Uctred de, iv, 92

Church and King riots, iv, 179, 274,
375 ; v, 92 «, 107 «

Church Army, v, 39

Church Lawton, see Lawton Lid-
gate

Churchlee(s) (Prescot), iii, 35 1 «,

354
Churchlee, Ad. de, iii, 201 #-2; Hen.

de, iii, 354 ; Rich, de, iii, 343 «,

354 ; Rob. de, iii, 354
Church of Christ, iii, 22, 34, 44,

236; iv, 351 ; v, 107
Church Shaw, the, (Prescot), iii,

393 »

Churchtown, iii, 232 «~3 «, 235 « ;
Nonconf., iii, 236

Cildeuuells, see Childwall

Cinder Hill (Pilkington), v, 88 ;
char., v, 76 n

Cinderland, see Sunderland

Circuitt, Rich. W. P., v, 140

Ciss Green, iii, 140

Cistercians, iii, 222-3

Civil War, Col. Assheton's part in,
v, 166-7 J Bolton, assaults on, v,
244 ; Chowbent, action at iii,
414; Lathom, siege of, iii, 252;
Liverpool's share in, iv, 19-22 ;
Ld. Derby's part in, iii, 163 ; Ld.
Molyneux's part in, iii, 71 ; Man-
chester, siege of, iv, 1 78 ; Orms-
kirk, battle of, iii, 286 ; Warring-
ton, operations in, iii, 306 ; West-
houghton, battle at, v, 20; Wigan,
operations in, iv, 69 j Winwick,
battles in, iv, 140

Clammerclough, v, 39

Clamsclough, iv, 89 n

Claning, Jno., iii, 156 n

Clare, Andr., iii, 8, 51 »; iv, 44;
Jno., iv, 131 n ; Martha, iii, 339 ;
Thos., iii, 316 «, 339 n

Clarell, Ellen, iii, 405 n ; Jas., iii,
405 n

Claremont, iv, 393

Clarence, Lionel of, iv, 7

Clarington Brook, iv, 68, 101 ; mill
on, iv, 70

Clark, Alice, iv, 264 n ; Geo., iii,
339 n ; iv, 264 ; Hen., iv, 264 n ;
Jno., iv, 264 n ; Jos., iii, 95 ;
Lettice, iii, 339 n ; Sam., iii, 347 «

Clarke, Dr. Ad., iii, 367;* ; Arth. F.,
v, 199 ; Benj., iii, 345 ; Edw. H.,
iv, 323 n ; Geo., iv, 201 ; Hon.
Geo., iv, 323 n ; Geo. H., iv, 323;
Dr. Hen., iv, 205 ; Humph., iii,
14 n ; Jos., iv, 334 ; Rich., iv,
392 n; Thos., iii, 131; fam., iv,
322 ; see also Clerk

Clark's Cross (Great Heaton), v, 80

Clarksfield, v, 100 ; Nonconf., v,
101 «, 107

Clarkson, Jno., iv, 106

Claughton, iii, i6o«, 296 n ; man.,
iii, 162 «

Claughton, Dav., v, 247 « ; Maria,
iv, 1 70 n ; Dr. Piers C, see Co-
lombo, bp. of; Thos., iii, 316 «;
iv, 131 «, 170; v, 247 «; Dr.
Thos. L., see St. Albans, bp. of;
Will., iii, 117 n; fam., iv, 168

Claverley, Steph. de, iii, 227

Claviger, Jno., see Spencer

Claxton, Marshall, v, 237

Clay Acre (Salford), iv, 207 »

Clay Acres (Leigh), iii, 428

Clayden, iv, 240, 345 « ; v, ijon

Clayden, Great, iv, 241 n

Clayden, Claydon, Alice, iv, 240 n ;
Bridg., iv, 240 ft, 345 « ; Cecily, iv,
240 n; Jno., iv, 194; v, 158;
Marg., iv, 24O#-i»; Rich de,
iv, 240 n, 341 «, 345 n ; Rob., iv,
240 «, 345 n; Thos., iv, 345 « ;
fam., iv, 240, 345 «

Clay Lane (Spotland), v, 206, 209

Clayton (Droylsden), iv, 231 n, 235 «,
263-4, 271, 273, 282; v, 2I4«;
ch., iv, 287 ; Hall, iv, 263, 278 «,
282, 285 ; man., iv, 282 ; v, 213;
mill, iv, 271, 273

Clayton, Id. of, iii, 53 n

Clayton Bridge, iv, 271, 273

Clayton Hall in Whalley, v, 1 70 «

Clayton, Abigail, iv, 113 ; Agnes de,
iv, i son; Alice, iii, 217 ; iv, 269 n;
Anne, iii, 394 n ; Cecily (de), iii,
230 «; iv, I5o#, 243 n ; Ellen
de, iv, I5o«; Giles, v, 140 «;
Hen. de, v, 214 n\ Hugh, iv,
274 n ; Jas., iv, 69 n, 202 ; Jane,
iii, 394 «; Jno. (de), iii, 64, 426 ;
iv, I5ow, 201 «, 249 ; Marg. de,
v, i8o«; Nich., iii, 307; iv,
269 n ; Pet, iii, 228 ; Randle, iv,
240^5 Rich, (de), iv, 114, 150^,
274 n ; Sir Rich., iv, 122 ; v, 303 ;
Sarah, iii, 379 «, 382 ; Seth, v,
218; Thos. (de), iii, 230 n; iv,
113, 297; Thomasine, iv, 240 n ;
Will, (de), iii, 217, 225, 232^,
253 «, 379 » J iv, 243 « ; v, 1 8p n ;
fam., iv, 23

Cleave Hill, iii, 284 n

Cleaveley, iv, 363 n

Clegg, v, 213, 218; Hall, v, 29 n,
219

Clegg, Little, v, 219

Clegg, Ad. de, v, 208 «, 21 8 n ; Agnes
de, v, 208 n ; Alice (de), v, 2 1 1 n,
218 #-9 »; Gen., iv, 105; Geoff.
de, v, 218 n ; Hen. de, v, 218 n ;
Hugh de, v, 218 n\ Ivo de, v,
218 n ; Jas., iii, 130, 290 n; v,
99 n, 220 n ; Jno. (de), v, 99 «,
137 «, 211 n, 2i8n-gn, 221 n ;
Jos., iv, 28 ; v, 102 n ; Matth. de,
v, 2i7«-8«; Nich., iv, 227;
Ralph (Randle) de, v, 2 1 8 n ;
Rich., v, 99 n, 201 n ; Rog. de, v,
218 n, 226 n; Sam., iv, 186 ;
Sam. J., iii, 130-1 ; Thos. de, v,
218 n ; Will., v, 128; fam., v,
98 n-gn, 219

Clegge, Eliz. de, iv, i67« ; Hen. de,
iv, 167 «; Jno. de, iv, 167 n ;
Lancelot, v, 4

Cleggswood, v, 219

Clelland, Holt, iii, 120 n ; Rob., iii,

I2O«

Clement V, pope, iii, 105 n; v, 72 n

Clements Croft, iv, 242

Clerk, Nich., v, 13 n ; Rich., iii,

3io« ; Thos., iv, 72 n ; see Clark
Clerke, Rich., iii, 419 ; Sir Will. H.,

v, 126

Cleveland estate, iv, 264
Cleveland, Steph. Wilton, archd. of,

»i, 344

Cleveland, fam., iv, 23
Cleworth, iii, 433, 441, « 443

326

Cleworth, Agnes de, iii, 441 n;
Thos. E., v, 159

Cleyforlond, iii, I27«

Cliff(e), Ad., see Eccles ; Anne, iii,
373 »; Rob., iv, 127, 195 ; Thos.,
see Eccles ; Will, (de), iv, 56 ; v,

214 «, 22O«

Cliffe House (Woolton), iii, 103 n
Clifford, Lewis de, iv, 349 ; Marg.,

iii, 167

Cliffton, see Clifton
Clift (Scarisbrick), iii, 269 n
Clifton (Eccles), iv, 352, 358 «, 364,.
397 «, 404 ; ch., iv, 406 ; Hall, iv,
406; man., iii, 195 ; iv, 331, 404
Clifton, nr. Runcorn, iii, 404 n
Clifton, Alice (de), iii, 337 n ; ivr
405 ; Chas., iv, 185 n ; Cuth., iv,
148 «, 170 »; Sir Cuth., iii, 337 nr
385 n ; Diota de, iv, 405 n ; Edw.,
iii, 269 ; Eleanora, iii, 269 ; Eliz.,
iii, 73, 269 ; iv, 51 n ; Ellen (de),
iv, 405 ; v, 274 n ; Fr., iii, 164 »;
Gilb. de, iii, 53 n ; iv, 142 « ; v,
145 n ; Hugh de, iv, 405 ; Julia,
iii, 286 ; Margery de, iv, 405 ;
Mary, iii, 73, 385 n ; Matth., iii,
263 n ; iv, 99 ; Rich, (de), iii, 63 « ;
iv, 404 ; Sir Rich, de, iii, 56 n ;
Rob. de, iv, 404 ; Thos. (de), iii,
73, 269; iv, 398 «; Will., v,
274 n

Clinkard, see Clynkard
Clippesley, Clipsley, Brook, iv, 137,

140 n

Clipston, man., v, 90
Clipston, Rich, de, v, 65 ; Thos. der

v, 65

Clitheroe, boro., v, 29 ; cast., v,
1^3 n; hon., iv, 171; man., vr
190 n

Clitheroe, 1 1. of, iv, 171 ; v, 116, 190
Clitheroe, Clitherow, Ad. de, iv,
61 n ; Rob. de, iv, 59 «, 61, 71,
75 «, 2ii n ; Sir Rob. de, iii,
404 n ; Sibyl de, iii, 404 n ; iv,
211 n

Clive, Rob. Clive, Ld., iv, 394 n
Clive, Jno., see Olive ; Rich., iv,

143 »
Cliveley, Hen. de, iv, 390 n ; Rob.,

iv, 37o«

Cliver, Rob., iii, 282 n
Clives, Ellen de, iii, 250 n ; Will, de,

iii, 250 n

Cliviger, iii, 404 n
Clockhouse (Droylsden), iv, 287
Clonfert and Kilmacduagh, Edw.

Wolley, bp. of, iv, 196^
Clopton, Simon de, iii, 7 ; Thcs. de,

iii, 7

Cloth manufacture, iv, 70
Clotton, Thos. de, iii, 158^
Clough (Prestwich with Oldham), v,

71 «, 108

Clough Fold, Nonconf., iv, 256 «

Clough, Ad. del, v, 232 n ; Anne, iv,

131 »; Edw., iv, 345 n ; Jno. (de),

iii, 83 n ; iv, 274 n ; Maud del, v,

232 n ; Rhoda, iv, 256 n ; Rich.,

v, 299 « ; Rob., iv, 256 n ; Thos.,

iv, 256 n ; Will., iv, 274 n

Clovenly Dales (Formby), iii, 45

Clowes, Edw., v, 29 «j Capt. Hen. A.,

iv, 218; Jno., iii, 444; iv, 216,

218, 22o«, 248 «, 360, 391 ; Jos.,

v, 275 n; Martha, iii, 441; iv,

383 n; v, 253 n; Mary, iii, 429;

iv, 218, 220 n, 261, 264, 266 ; v,

253 «, 275 « ; Rich., iv, 278 ;

INDEX

•Clowes (con/.)

Sam., iii, 429, 441-2, 444; iv
i82#, 204 n, 215, 218, 220, 222
261, 264, 266, 383 n-4 n, 390, 404
v> 253 ni 275 n > Sam. W., iv, 218
Thos., iii, 442; iv, 277 n, 360 n
Will., iv, 277 n ; v, 275 n ; Lieut.-
Col. Will. L., iv, 218; fam., iv,

212, 22O, 383

Club Moor, iii, n «, 13, 15 «

Clu worth, see Cleworth

Clynkard, Jno., iv, 150 n ; Mabel, iv,

1 50 « ; Thos., iv, 150 n; Will, iv,

150/2
Coal and coal mines, iii, 168, 282,

325, 348, 355, 362, 374~5> 377,
382, 402, 409 », 414, 431, 435, 439,
445 •' iv> 57, 68-70, 79, 89, 97, 101,
103-4, 106, in, 115, 117-8, 123,
132, 137, 142, 145, 265, 274,
282, 340, 376, 381, 392, 404 ; v, 6,
7, 20, 26, 30,34,39, 58, 112, 115,
173, 182, 190-1 n, 255, 263, 266,
299

Coalpit Banks (Ashton), iv, 145 n

Coast, preservation of, planting of
star grass for, iii, 45, 58-9

Coates, Geo., see Chester, bp. of

Cobbas, see Cobhouse

Cobbeleres, Alice de, iv, 312 n ;
Jno. de, iv, 31 2 « ; Rob. de, iv,

312/2

Cobbett, Jno. M., v, 102 n ; Will.,

v, 102
-Cobden, Rich., iv, 185, 223, 308 ; v,

193 n
Cobham, Cath., iii, 120/2, 366 « ;

Thos., iii, 282 ; fam,, iii, 366
Cobhouse, Cobhouse Farm, v, 141 n-

2,174

Cobrysshes, v, 52/2
Coccium, iv, 68

Cochran-Patrick, N. J., iii, 130 «
Cock Beck, brook, iii, 284, 299/2;

»v» 339

Cock Beck estate, iii, 298 «, 302-3
Cocker, Deb., iii, 1 19 n ; Hen.,

iv, 380 #; Mordecai, iii, ng»;

Thos., v, 242 « ; Thurstan, iv,

362 «
Cockerell, Edw., v, 239 ; R. P., iv,

39

Cockerham, Ad. de, iii, 273 n ; Alice
de, v, 1 1 n ; Geo., iii, 367 n ;
Kath. de, v, 1 1 n ; Steph. de, v,
n n

Cockersand Abbey, iii, 13^, 35 »,
46 «, 49 », 50, 67 n, 76, 100, 122 «,
125, 129/2, 131, 160/2, 192 n, 199-
201, 203, 209, 213, 249, 265-6,
270, 276, 296/2, 299, 321, 348,
356, 358 «-9/2, 363, 365, 383 n,
407, 422, 427, 444-5, 447 ; iv, 79,
82 «, 84, 87/2, 89, 92, 98, 101 «-
2», 106, iii, 113, 115, 149, 168,
259 », 274, 281, 291, 341 n, 369/2,
397, 404; v> 24/2, 39, 8i«, no,
121, 175/2, 1 80, 285, 296 ; canons,
iii, 50 «, 360 ; iv, 377 ; v, 19-22,
25 ; monks, iii, 206

Cockersand Abbey, abbot of, iii, 5 1 «,
194/2, 202, 214 n, 251 #, 277 n ;
iv, 292 «, 365 «, 369 n ; v, 20-3 n,
27 ; Ad., v, 21 ; Hen., iv, 371 n ;
Hereward, v, 285 n ; Jordan, iii,
76/2; Rob., iii, I26«; Rog., iv,
274 n ; Thos., iii, 444 ; Will. Bol-
land, iv, ioo«

Cocketh, Eliz., iii, 285 n ; Thos., iii,
285 n

Cockey, Cockey Moor, v, 56, 180-1 ;
chap.,v, 159, 181 ; char.,v, 161 n ;
Nonconf., v, 161 n

Cockfield (Suff.), v, 168 n

Cockleney (Great, Old, Greens), iv,
364

Cockney in Bromy hurst, iv, 374 ;
Pool, iv, 374 n

Cockpool, nr. Annan, iv, 196 »

Cocks, Geoff., iv, 238 « ; Sim., iv,
238 n ; Thos., iv, 238 n

Cockshaw Head,iv, 133 n

Cockshoot, iii, 177 n, 351 n ; Head,
iii, 177/2, 356 n

Cockshootleigh, iii, 393 n

Cockshott, Jno., iv, 131 «

Coddington, iii, 148 «

Codesbecke, Eustace de, iii, 255 ;
Will, de, iii, 255 ; see also Cottes-
bech

Codling, Jno., iv, 94 n

Codpiece Green (Aughton), iii, 285

Cogan, Ellen, iv, 245 n ; Thos., iv,
185, 245 n

Coggeshall (Essex), iv, I28«

Coghlan, Will., iii, 258 ; iv, 258

Cogshall, iii, 336 «

Coins, iii, 177; iv, I74«; v, 94,
1 88 ; A. S., iii, 85 ; iv, 330 ; Med.
and later iv, 369 ,• v, 34 ; Rom.,
iii, 265 ; iv, 142, 217, 282, 293,
303; v, 67, 136, 141, 180

Coke, Alice, v, 218 n; Anne, iv,
327 n ; Bridg., iv, 327 n ; Clement,
iv, 263/2, 327, 329; v, 78; Sir
Edm., iv, 263 n ; Edw., iv, 327 «-
8 « ; v, 78 n ; Sir Edw., iv, 263 «,
327 ; Jno., iii, 398 n ; Kath., iv,
327 « ; Nich., v, 218 « ; Rob., iv,
327 « ; Sir Rob., iv, 327 «, 390 n;
Rog., iii, 398 n ; Sara(h), iv, 219 n,
263/2, 327, 400 n; v, 78, 80 n;
Thos, see Leicester, earl of;
Thos. W., iv, 329, 404 ; v, 78 ;
see also Leicester, earl of ; Wen-
man, iv, 327 n ; fam, iv, 219,
261 », 400

Cokemon, Thos., iii, 296 «

Cokemonhurst, iii, 296

Colchester, Ld., iv, 27 ; Penelope,
Lady, iv, 390 n ; Rich., Ld., iv,
390 n ; see also Rivers, Earl

Coldale, Jno. de, iii, 358 n ; Rog. de,
iii, 358 n

Coldcotes, iii, 147

Coldcotes, Ad. de, iii, 148 ; Hen. de,
iii, 148 ; Margery de, v, 279 n ;
Rog. de, iii, 115*; Will, de, iii,
115 n ; iv, 138 n

Colddale, see Coldhill

Coldfield, iii, 363 n

Coldgreave, v, 220/2

Coldherse, see Coldhouse

Coldhill, iv, 245/2

Coldhouse, iv, 242 n ; Nonconf., iv,
249

Coldhurst, v, 98 ; ch., v, 106

Coldoke(s), Ellen, iii, 84 ; Jno., iii,
84 ; Thos., iii, 85 n

Coldshaw (Aughton), iii, 296 «

Coldshaw, Coleshaw, (Chadderton),
v, 115-6 «, 175 «, 121 «

Cole, Mr., iii, 183

Coleman, Geo. W., v, 303 ; Jas. O.,
v, 280

Colesgrave, ditch of, iii, 27 n

Celesha(w), see Coldshaw

Coleshill (Berks.), iii, 297 n

Colevill, Thos. de, iii, 265 «

Cole Yard (Lunt), iii, 75 n

327

Colham (Midd.), iii, 160

Collan, Rob, see Collayn

Collay, Alice, iii, 408 « ; Cecily de,

see Cowley ; Margery, iii, 256 « ;

Pet, iii, 256 n ; Will., iii, 408 n
Collayn(e), Collan, Rob., iv, 222 « ;

v, 158

College, Alex., v, 229 n
Colley, Alan de, iii, 372 n ; Nich.,

iii, 356 «; Nick'ne, iii, 356 n ;

Rob., iii, 372 n ; Rog., iii, 372 n ;

Thos. de, iii, 372 n ; Will., iii,

372 n ; and see also Cowley
Collier, Anne, iv, 202 n ; Geo., iv,

193 »> 195, 198, 257/2; Jas., iii,

385 ; iv, 135/2; Jno., ni, 340;

v, 222 «; see also Bobbin, Tim ;

Mary, iv, 66 n-j n ; Randle, iv,

67 ft; Thos., iv, 129, 362 ft
Collier Hill, v, 1 1 5 «
Collieries, see Coal and coal mines
Colling, Joan, v, 206 n ; Kath., v,

206 n ; Otwell, v, 206 n ; Rob., v,

206 «
Collinge, Jas., v, 168 ; Mary, iv,

258/2 ; fam., v, 221 n
Collinges, Will., iv, 14
Collins, Jas., v, 71 ; Thos., iii, 97 «
Collins Green (Burtonwood), iii, 325
Collop, Alex., v, I57«; Hen., v,

van
Collyhurst, iv, 178, 223-4, 235/2,

24 1 ; ch., iv, 249 ; colliery, iv,

229 ; Hall, v, 83 n ; Nonconf., iv,

249-50 ; Old Hall, iv, 249 ; quar-
ries, iv, 175-6 n
Colombo, Dr. Piers C. Claughton,

bp. of, iv, 1 70 n
Colstone, Fran., iv, 358 »
Colt Snape, the, (Sutton), iii, 356 «
Columbers, Ad. de, iii, 141-2 ; Cecily

de, iii, 141-2 ; Emma de, iii, 141 ;

Geoff, de, iii, 141-2 ; Hen. de, see

Hale, Hen. de ; Phil, de, iii, 141/2;

Rich, de, see Meath, Rich, de
Colville, Sir Jno, iii, 148/2
Colwick, iv, 284/2-5 ; ch., iv, 285
Colwick, Joan de, iv, 284
Colwyche, Ant., iii, 330/2 ; Eliz., iii,

330 n

Colyn, Jno. de, v, 95 «
Comarque, Dav., iii, 189 ; Renald,

iii, 1 89 n

Comber, Eliz., iv, 67 n ; fam., iv, 168
Comberbach, iii, 336 «
Comberley, iii, 1 76
Combermere, Ld., v, 31 # ; Fran. L.

W. Stapleton-Cotton, 4th visct.,

iii, 444

Combermere, abbot of, iii, 62, 223 »
Combral, iii, 1 76 n, 393 «
Comlowe Wood (Bold), iii, 406 n
Common Head (Tyldesley), ir,

362 n ; v, 5 n
Compton, Jno., v, 181 «
Compton Bassett (Wilts.), man., iv,

399 «

Compton Fold, v, 266

Comyn, Amabel (Anabel) le, iv,

379 » ; v, 29 n ; Mary, iv, 358 n ;

Jno. (le), iii, 231 ; iv, 379 n ; v,

29 « ; Millicent, iii, 231
Condover (Shrops.), iii, 107 n
Coney, hall of, (Ditton), iii, 400
Coney Green (Tarbock), iii, 176
Coney, Anne, iii, 400/2; Capt., iii,

400 « ; Eliz., iii, 400/2 ; Grace, iii,
400 « ; Hen., iii, 367 /2, 400 ; Jno.,
iii, 400 « ; Marg., iii, 400 ; Rob.,
iii,4oo; Will., iii, 400; fam., iii, 396

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Congleton, iii, 1:8 n

Congregationalists,- iii, 19, 22, 28,
34,40, 52,98, 112, 117, 128, 175,
236, 238, 284, 324, 354, 362, 371,
376, 386, 392, 421, 439> 445 •' IV>
49, 5°. 77, 83, 91. Io6> "i» "5,
137, 140, 148, 150, 185, 216, 222,

249, 254, 262, 273, 278 «-9, 281,
287-8, 293, 302,309-11, 322, 326,
335, 338, 35 i, 375, 392, 396, 404;
v, 9, 25, 34, 39, 41, 56, 67, 80,
92, 107, 112, 115, 132, 141, 143,

150, 169, 2OO, 206, 212, 222, 234,

250, 254, 260, 262, 266, 28l-2

Coningham, Jas., iv, 250
Coningry field (Childwall), iii, 140
Conington (Hunts.), iii, 366 n
Conleach, iii, 131
Conran, Capt., iv, 270 ; Robina, iv,

270
Constantine, Rob., v, 97, 105, 107,

117 « ; fam., see Costerdine
Consterdine, see Costerdine
Conlelache, iii, 134 n
Conware, grange at, v, 21 n
Conway. iii, 181 n ; iv, 21
Conway Castle, constable of, Sir

Jno. de Bold, iii, 341, 405
Conway, Hen. de, v, 270 n ; Matth.

de, v, 270 n ; Will. A., v, 233
Conyers, Jno. Ld., iii, 437
Conygrew (Wigan), iv, 60 n
Coohill, see Cowhill
Cook, — , iv, 209 n ; Rich., iv, 13,

15 n
Cooke, Edw., iii, 275 ; Hannah, iv,

246 n ; Jane, iv, 246 « ; Jno., iv,

358 n ; Jos., v, 200 ; Martha, iv,

246 « ; Mary, iv, 246 n, 395 n ;

Rich., iv, 195 n ; Rob., iv, 395 n ;

Ruth, iv, 246 n ; Susanna D., iv,

358 n ; Thos., iv, 122 ; Will., iv,

246 n

Cookman Croft, v, 30 «
Cooksey, Rog., iv, 198 n
Cookson, Hugh, iv, 65 n
Cooper, Fred. W., v, 74 ; Rob., iv,

67 n ; Will., iv, 253 n
Copies, Lower and Over, (Pendle-

bury),iv, 399 n
Copland, Thos., iii, 228
Copley, iv, 241 n
Copley, Eleanor, v, 29 n ; Rev. Jno.,

v, 82 n

Copped Holt, iii, 349 «, 351, 369 «
Copped hurst, v, 96 «, 100 n
Copped Wood (Ditton), iii, 397 n
Copper-smelting, iii, 362
Coppock, Thos., iv, 180 n
Coppoke stone (a stone in the sea),

iii, 33 n
Coppull, iii, 257 «; iv, 68, 120 n ;

v, ion, 270 n ; man., iii, 161 n-

2 n ; mills, iv, 70
Coppull, Geoff., iv, 65 n
Copster Hill, v, 93, loon, 115
Coptholt, iii, 353 n
Copthorn Hey (Huyton), iii, 161 «
Copthurst (Oldham), see Copped-

hurst

Coptrod, v, 207-8 «, 212 n
Copyhold lands, Act relating to, iii,

14, 57 «

Coran Hall (Bold), iii, 408 «
Coran, Ellen, iii, 408 n ; Eva del

iv, 109 «, 113 n; Gilb., iii, 408 n

Hen. (del), iii, 322 n, 408 n ; Joan

iii, 408 n ; Ralph, iii, 408 ; Rich.
• iii, 408-; Rob. del, iv, 109 «, 1 13 n

Will, de, iii, 408 « ; fam., iii, 408

Corbet, Margery, iii, i8ow ; Sir Pet.,
iii, 87 «; Sir Ralph, iii, 87 n

Cordewan, Rich., iii, 29 «

Core, Fran., v, 233 n

Corfe, Jno., iv, 277 n

Corker, Emmot, iii, 97 n ; Jno., iii,
148 n ; Rich., iii, 97 n-8 n ; Will.,
iii, 97 n-8 « ; fam., iii, 97 n

Corles, Jane, iv, 202

Corless, Jno., iv, 168 ; Rich., iv,
114 n ; fam., iv, 114

Cornbrook, iv, 251, 279, 283 », 329,

335

Cornel Orchard (Salford), iv, 207 n
Corner Hill (Halsall), iii, 196 «, 197 n
Corney Hill, see Corner Hill
Cornhill, Will, de, see Lichfield, bp.

of
Cornwall, Bern. Oldham, archd. of,

iv, 239 n
Cornwall, earl of, Edm., iii, 250 n ;

Rich., iii, 193 n ; iv, 374 n
Cornwall's, Mary, iii, 74
Corona, Anilia de, iii, 48 n ; Hugh

de, see Formby, Hugh de ; Nich.

de, iii, 48 «
Coronation, king's, sword bearer at,

iii, I59«
Corrie, Mrs. Wynne, iv, 406 ; v,

3i«

Corsholm Acre (Ditton), iii, 398 n
Cort, Eliza, iii, 1 1 n ; Eliza A., iii,

1 1 n ; Mary, iii, 1 1 n ; Rob., iii,

n n, 52,55
Corvesor, fam., iv, 10
Costerden, Alice, iv, 240 n ; Coster-
den, Ralph, iv, 240 n
Costerdine, Eliz., iv, 257 n, 285;

Jno., iv, 285 ; Rob., v, 46 n ; fam.,

iv, 257

Cosyn, Thos., iii, 156?*
Cotes, Jno., iv, 64 n ; Shirley, iv, 64
Cotham, Anna, iii, 374 « ; Anna M.,

iii, 374 n; Jno. P., iii, 374 ; Lawr.,

iii, 374 n ; Mary, iii, 373 n-4 n ;

Rich., iii, 373 n ; Thos., iii, 26 n ;

Will., iii, 374 n ; Winifred, iii,

374 »

Coton, Rob., iii, 223

Cottam, Rob., v, 126 n

Cotterel, Alex., v, 207 «

Cottesbech, Eustace de, iii, 343 ; iv,
84 n ; see also Codesbecke

Cotton, Lady, iii, 439 ; Hon. Rob.
W. S.j v, 3 1 n • fam., iii, 60

Cotton Famine, iii, 1 14 ; iv, 37 ;
Fund, iii, 235 n

Cotton manufacture, iii, 261, 414,
421, 427, 438-9, 445 ,' iv, 23, 70,
89, 101, 106, 148, 156, 230, 270,
273, 276, 323, 340, 363, 376, 392,
397 ; v, 6, 7, 20, 34, 93, 112, 129,
133, 136, 139, MI, 144, 162, 174,
182, 190, 244-5, 251, 255, 260,
263, 273 ; importation, iv, 32 ;
printing, iv, 270, 397 ; v, 135, 144

Cotty, Jno., iii, 105, lion

Coucy, Rob., iii, 418, 422

Couhope, see Cowpe

Coulborne, Hen., iv, 390 n ; v, 62

Coulburn(e), Will., iv, 391 ; v, 75 n

Coulsaye, Mabel de, v, 260 n ; Will,
de, v, 260 n

Coulston, man., iv, 383 «

Coulston, Fran., v, 4 n

Council of the North, iii, 162 n

Countess of Huntingdon's Con-
nexion, iii, 445 ; iv, 77, 248 ; (v),
169, 200 ; see also Congregation-
alists

328

Count Hill (Oldham), v, 102
Coupland, Rich, de, v, 78 n
Coursing (sport), iii, 22
Court Hey (Roby), iii, 175
Coventry, convent and prior of, iii,

153; iv, 358 «; v, 44 «
Coventry, bp. of, iii, 62 n ; Geoff.,

iii, 104

Coventry, Jno. (de), v, 187 «, 239
Cow Acre (Maghull), iii, 217 «
Cowdale, see Coldhill
Cowdray, Amabel de, iii, 230 ;

Eleanor de, iii, 231, 266 ; Hen. de,

iii, 230 «; Joan de, iii, 231 ; Jno.

de, iii, 173 n ; Kath. de, iii, 193,

198, 231, 296 #; Rob. de, iii, 198,

200, 230-1, 237 n ; Thos. de, iii,

231, 275 ; Will, de, iii, 189, 193,

230-1, 266
Cowdrey, Alan de, iii, 101 n ; Jno.

de, iii, 101 n ; Will, de, iii, 101 n
Cowell, Jos., v, 233
Cowesby, chap, of, iv, 60 n
Cowherd, Rev. Will., iv, 217
Cow Hey (Aughton), iii, 304 n
Cowhill, v, 95 n ; Nonconf., v, 121
Cowie, Benj. M., see Exeter, dean of
Cowley Hill, iii, 371 ; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 376
Cowley, Cecily de, iii, 408 ; Fran.,

iii, 372 « ; Jno., iii, 372 n ; Neh.,

iii, 1 1 n ; Rob., iii, 361 ; Sarah, iii,

347 ; Thos., iii, 11 n, 372 n ; fam.,

iii, 372
Cowlishaw, Cowleyshaw, v, 73 «,

108, non

Cowlishaw, Thos. de, v, n6«
Cowope, Jno., v, 65 n
Cowopp, Pet., iv, 2 1 1 n
Cowpe, v, 145, 150, 211 n; Flood

(catastrophe), v, 151
Cowpe Lench, Newhall Hey, Hall

Carr, v, 71 #, 123, 143, 150 ; char.,

v, 127 n-8
Cowper, Dorothy, iv, 256 « ; Edm.,

v, 226 n ; Ellen, v, 226 n ; Geo.,

v, 204 n ; Jno., iv, 256 ; v, 55 « ;

Kath., v, 55 n ; N., v, 105 ; Ralph,

iv, 256 n ; Rich., iv, 86 n, 256 « ;

Will., iv, 256

Cox, Rev. Jas. B., iii, 43 n
Coxgreen (Turton), v, 273
Coxhead House (Little Woolton),

iii, 161 n
Crab Lane End, see Blackley,

Higher
Crabtree, Alice M., v, 128 ; Eliz., v,

149 n ; Rev. Hen., v, 233 ; Will.,

iv, 217

Cradock Fold, iv, 309
Cragge, Sir Jno., v, 78 n
Crakebone, Crakebane, Ad., iii, 427 ;

Elota, iii, 427 ; Hugh, iii, 427 ;

Rich., iii, 427 ; Rob., iii, 427
Cramberley, iv, 142
Cramp, Will., iv, 362 n
Cranage, Geo., iv, 261 «
Cranberry Lea, iv, 1 18 n
Cranberry Moss, v, 282
Cranborne (Dors.), iii, 191 n
Crane, Anne, iii, 247 n ; Geo., iii,

247 n ; Jas., iii, 247 n ; Thos., iii,

256; iv, 128 «, 359
Crane Greave (Thornton), iii, 76
Cranesley, Sim. de, iv, 348
Crank (Rainford), iii, 382 ; Rom.

Cath., iii, 386
Cranshaw, iii, 393 n, 408-9 ; Hall,

iii, 402
Cranshaw Halgh, iii, 408 «

INDEX

Craunton, Jno. de, see Cronton
Craven, Jas., iv, 191 ; Jno. de, iv,

59 «, 6i,393«; Hon. Maria M.,

iii, 73 ; Thos., see Crane
Crawachay, iii, 292 n
Crawehal, Alan de, iii, 50 n ; Goda

de, iii, 50 n
Crawford, iv, 91
Crawford, earldom of, iv, n8«
Crawford and Balcarres, earl of, iv,

119; v, 301; Alex. W. C.

Lindsay, iv, 118 n ; Jas. Lindsay,

iv, 1 1 8 n ; Jas. L. Lindsay, iv, 1 18
Crawshaw, iii, 279 n, 296 n, 300 «,

302 ; Moor, iii, 279 «-8o
Crean, Jno., iii, 247 n ; Rich., iii,

247 n

Creighton, Jane, iv, 88 n
Crembil], the, (Pennington), iii, 430
Cremer, Fred. D'A., iv, 97, 361
Cressdoke, iii, 325 n
Crestadoro, Andrea, iv, 185
Creswall Syke, v. I53»
Crevequer, Alex, de, v, 94 « ;

Amabel de, v, 94 n
Crewe, iii, 150
Crewe, Sir Randle, iii, 136 «
Crichlow, see Croichley
Crigan, Rev. Claudius, see Sodor

and Man, bp. of
Crimble (Warrington), iii, 305 n
Crimbles (Middleton), v, 176
Crimbles, the, (Pendlebury), iv,

399 »

Crime, the, (Ashton-under-Lyne),
iv, 352 «

Cringle Brook, iv, 288, 292 «, 323-
4 n ; v, 291 n

Critchley, Jas., iii, 106 ; Rich., iii,
225 ; v, 272 n

Croal R., v, i, 6, 9, 34, 185, 237,
243,251,263,295

Crockton, Jno. de, iv, 359 «

Crocstad, see Croxteth Park

Croenton, see Cronton

Croft (Barton), iv, 363 «, 367 « ;
Mill, iv, 367 n

Croft (Winwick), iv, I29«~3i«,
154-6, 162, 168; man., iv, 104 «,
168-70; Nonconf., iv, 165, 170;
see also Southworth with Croft

Croft ditch (Sefton), iii, 75 n

Croft, Agnes de, iv, 169 ; Alice, iii,
263 « ; Benedict, iii, 263 n ; Gilb.
(de), iii, 408 «; iv, 168-9 n >
Godf., iii, 263 n ; Hen. de, iv,
169 n ; Hugh (de), iii, 263 «; iv,
168 ; Joan, iii, 263 « ; Jno., iii,
263 », 389 « ; Marg., iii, 263 « ;
Nich., iii, 263 n, 402 ; Ralph C.
W., v, 280, 303 ; Randle de, iv,
168-9 ; Rich., \.\, 263 n ; Rob., iii,
263 n ; Rog. de, iv, 169 n ; Thos.,
iii, 263 « ; fam., iv, 125 n

Croftliff, v, 13 «

Crofts Bank, iv, 362-4, 374

Croichley, v, 147 n

Crokeland, iv, 107 «

Crompton, iv, 219 », 265-6 «, 331 «,
399 n ; v, 67-8, 71 «, 94, 98 », 104,
108, 214 n ; char., v, 108 ; ch., v,
in; man., iv, 259 n ; v, 108 ;
Moor, v, 98 «, 108 ; Nonconf., v,
112 ; Rom. Cath., v, 112

Crompton, High, v, 108-9 ; ch., v,
H 1-2

Crompton with Belemoor, iv, 365 n

Crompton Fold, v, 108, iii

Crompton Park, v, 1 10

Crompton Shaw, iii, 392 «

5

Crompton, — , iii, 146 «; Abel, v,
no n; Abra., iii, 26-8;
v, 98 », 267 n ; Ad. (de), v,
38, 101 n, logn-ion, 168 n ;
Alice, iv, 316 n, 400 n ; v, 1 10 n ;
Ann, v, 268 ; Betty, v, 259 » ;
Brun de, v, 108 n ; Deb., v,
iio«; Edm., v, uo#; Elisha,
v, 302 n; Ellis, v, 187, 248 n,
265 n ; Hannah, v, 242 n ; Jas.,
iv> 375 ; v, 5» 38 », 265, 268-9 « ;
Joande, v, 101 n ; Jno., iv, 245 n;
v, 38 «, iio«, 265^-6, 269 »,
302 n; Jno. W., v, 291 ; Jordan
de, iv, 219 « ; v, 95 «, 101 «, 108 «,
now; Josh., v, gin, 142 n;
Kath., iv, 400 n ; Lawr., iv, 400 n;
Lucy, v, 291 ; Marg., v, 267 «;
Ralph, v, 5 ; Rich., v, 265 ; Rob.
(de), v, no«, 214 n; Sam., v,
lion, 238, 245, 255 «, 259;
Susanna, v, 142 n ; Thos., iii, 44,
449 > iy> 3J6 n ; v, 91 n ; Will,
(de), iii, 449 «; v, no«, 214 n,
259 n • Woodhouse, v, 291 ; fam.,
v, 91

Crompton's mule (invention), v, 235

Cromshall, see Crumpsall

Cromton, see Crompton

Cromwell, Oliver, Ld. Protector, iii,
106, 196, 306 n ; iv, 69, 140, 223,
280 ; v, 14 n ; [Thos.], iv, 161 n

Cromwellbottom, v, 192

Cromwell's Bank (Cuerdley), iii, 394

Croncischagh, see Cranshaw

Cronshaw, iv, 138 n ; Brook,iv, 287 n

Cronshaw, Chris., v, 25

Cronton, iii, 71 «, 146 «, 176 «,
181-2, 341-2 «, 392; v, 175 «;
char., iii, 347 ; crosses, iii, 392 ;
man., iii, 392 ; mill, iii, 392 ;
Nonconf., iii, 394 ; Rom. Cath.,

»i, 394

Cronton Heys, iii, 1 76 «, 392 n

Cronton, Ad. de, iv, 359 n ; Isabel
de, iii, 388 n ; Jno. de, iv, 359,
379 n ; Rich, de, iii, 388 n ; Will,
de, iii, 393 n

Crook, the, (Hundersfield), v, 2i7«,
225

Crook, the, (Prescot), iii, 398 «

Crook, Abigail, iv, 66 », H3-4»
Anne, iv, 1 13 ; Caleb, iv, 113 n
Isabel, iv, ii3#; Kath. de, v
288 ; Lydia, iv, 1 13 « ; Marg., iv
ii3«; Rich, (de), iv, iii «, 113
v, 288; Thos., iv, 66 «, 113
Will., iv, 113 n ; fam., iv, 163 n

Crooke, Rich, de, iii, 198 ; Sam., v
247 n ; Thos., iii, 425 ; Will., iv
360

Crooked Acres, iii, 259 n

Crooked Beancroft, iv, 139^

Crookedrode, v, 213 n

Crookes, Abigail, v, 291

Crookhall, Jas., iv, 360 n ; Jno., iv,
36o, 391

Crookhurst, iv, 84 n

Crookhurst, Agnes de, iii, 383 n ;
Emma de, iii, 384 n ; Hugh de,
iv, 84 « ; Rich, de, iv, 84 n ;
Will, de, iii, 383 #-4 n

Crookland, iii, 50 n

Crooks, iii, 87 n

Cropped Wood (Ditton), iii, 402 n

Cropper, Cecily, iii, 239 n ; Jas., iii,
247 «, 366 n ; iv, 87 ; Jno., iii,
30 «, 239 n ; Josh., iii, 57 n ; Pet.,
iii, 239 ; Rich., iii, 23972, 260 ;
Will., iii, 57 n

329

Cropps acre (W. Derby), iii, ion

Cropwell Butler, iii, 427

Cros, Isolda de, iv, 76 n ; Will, de,
iv, 76 n ; see also Cross

Crosbie, Howard A., v, 221 ; Jno.,
iii, 22 n

Crosby, iii, 88, 93 ; iv, 38 ; Channel,
iii, 91 ; Hall, iii, 85 ; House, iii,
91,95 ; races, iii, 91 ; Rom. Cath.,
iii, 65

Crosby, Great, iii, I, 13 », 25 «, 50,
58, 62 «, 85-6, 91, 93, 98-9 ; iv, I ;
chap., iii, 64, 94 ; char., iii, 66,
347 n ; ch., iii, 62, 94-5 ; cross,
iii, 58 ; Goose Feast, iii, 58, 91 «;
man., iii, 4, 70 «, 72 «, gow-i ;
marsh, iii, 93 n~4 ; Nonconf., iii,
95 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 95 ; sch., iii,
65-6, 95 ; well, iii, 91

Crosby, Little, iii, 45 n, 50, 58, 83 «,
85 ; chap., iii, 66 n ; char., iii, 66;
ditch of, iii, 79 « ; Hall, iii, 86 «,
8g«; man., iii, 70 «, 85, 88 «,
387 n ; oratory, iii, 88 n ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 90

Crosby, Little, Ids. of, iii, 58

Crosby Sea-bank, see Waterloo

Crosby, Ad. de, iii, 85 n, 216 ; Cath.,
iii, 246 n ; Ellen de, iii, 85 n ; Jno.
(de), iii, 93 «, 412 n ; Margery de,
iii, 93 «, 216; Quenilda de, iii,

93 n ; Rich, de, iii, 92, 408 « ;
Rob. de, ' iii, 86 n, 92 ; see also
Blundell, Rob. ; Sir Rob. de, iii,
90 ; Rog. de, iii, 86 «, 93 n ; Sam.,
iii, 149 ; Sim. de, iii, 92 ; Sturmi
de, iii, 92 ; Thos., iii., 324 n ;
Timothea, iii, 412 n ; Will, de,
iii, 85 «-6 n

Crosbyhouses (Childwall), iii, 151

Crosbyhouses, Jno. de, iii, 144 n •
Rog. de, iii, 144 n

Crosebi, see Crosby, Little

Crosfield, Geo., iii, 307

Crosford, Crossford, iv, 329 ; Bridge,
iv, 329 n

Cross, Anne, v, 5 n ; Eliz., iii, 393 « ;
Geo., iii, 393 n ; Jas., iii, 346 « ;
Jno. (atte), iii, 393 n ; iv, 74 n ;
v, 279 «; Mary, iii, 346 n ;
Mary J., iii, 108; Rich, del, iii, 266;
Rob. del, iii, 266 ; iv, 71 n ; Thos.,
iii, 66 n ; Thos. O., iii, 448 ;
Will, (del), iii, 391 ; iv, 71 n • fam.,
iii, 255

Crossbank, iv, 338-9

Crossbrook, iv, 67 «

Crosscliff, Austin (de), v, 19 n, 2"jn;
Joan (de), v, 19 «, 27 «

Crosscliff s End, v, 19 n

Crosse, Ad. del, iv, 75-6 n ; Alice,
v, 292 «; Edm., iii, io8«; iv,
13 ; v, 292 n ; Eliz., iii, 25 ; Ellen
del, iv, 75 n ; Emma del, iv, 75 «,
76 n ; Emmota del, iii, 216 ; Hen.
del, iii, 216 ; iv, 75 n ; Hugh del,
iv, 75 ; Humph., iv, 44 n • Imayne
del, iv, 76 n ; Jas., iii, 26 n ; Jno.
(del), iii, 26 n, 37 n, 54 n, 112 ; iv,
14, 23, 44, 50 n, 59 n, 75-6 «, 157 «;
v, 233, 292 n ; Kath. del, iv, 75 n-
6 n • Mary, iii, 273 n ; Ralph, iv,
101 n • Rich, (de or del), iii, 25,

27 «> 39 «> 98 «, J45 ; iv> I0> 75-6 «,
88 «, 155 n; Rog., iii, 26; iv,

94 n ; Thos., see Walton, Thos.
de ; Thurstan del, iv, 75 ; Will,
(del), iii, 106-7, 255 n ; iv, 75 n-6 n,
fam., iii, 17, 26, 263 ; iv, 2, 10, 23;
5o«,75, 150 n

42

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Crossebi, Crosseby, see Crosby

Crossends, iv, 167 «

Crossens, iii, 226-7, 229-3 1 w> 234~

5 «, 254 ; ch., iii, 236 ; Nonconf.,

iii, 236
Crosses, anc., iii, 20, 45, 53, 67-8 «,

75«-6, 79, 85, 99, 109, 114, 121,

131. J33«» I4°> I75> l87. I92>

201, 208, 215, 225, 248, 258, 262,

265, 285, 331, 355, 368, 377, 387,

392; iv, 70, 79, 124-5, 132, 177,

242 «, 330, 340, 364 ; v, 3, 99 n,

144, 237, 270
Crosseshagh, Dyota del, iv, 244 n ;

Rich, del, iv, 244 n
Crossferry Bridge, iv, 336 n
Crossfield (Aughton), iii, 302 n
Crossfield (Castleton), v, 206
Cross-field (Childwall), iii, 133*
Crossfield (Ditton), iii, 398 n
Crossgate (Sutton), iii, 356
Crosshagh, Jno. del, iv, 244 « ; Will.

del, iv, 244 n
Cross Hall (Lathom), iii, 160, 164 «,

239 «, 248-9, 25i«, 254-5; iv,

107 n; Mill, iii, 264 n
Cross Hey (Bold;, iii, 408 n
Cross Lane, iv, 208 n
Crossley, Ant., v, 230, 232 « ; Dav.,

v, 222 ; Jas., iv, 185 ; v, 212 « ;

Jeremy, v, 232 « ; Jno., v, 232 ;

Rich., v, 232 n ; fam., v, 231
Cross Place (Westhead), iii, 255-6 «
Croston, iii, 160 n, 239, 421; v,

13 n; ch., iii, 419^; man., v,

247 *

Croston, Ant, iii, 35 1 n, 357 «, 385 n ;
Hen. (de), iii, 4io»; v, 293 n ;
Jas., iv, 187; Jno. de, v, 130^ ;
Marg. de, iii, 410*; Matth.de,
iii, 410 #; Maud de, iii, 227 n;
Rich, de, iii, 410 «

Crouch, Gilb., iii, 89 n

Croudson, Jno., iv, iio«

Crouenschae, see Cranshaw

Crounhale, Hen., iii, 116 n

Crouwenton, see Cronton

Crow Croft, iv, 271

Crow Heath, iii, 402-3 n

Crow Lane, iv, 88 n ; Hall, iv, 134 n

Crowley, v, 102

Crow Nest, v, 217

Crown Point, Nonconf., v, 282 n

Crowther, F. S., v, 124 ; Jas., iv,
1 86 ; Thos., iii, 113

Crowton, iii, 146

Crow trees (Entwisle), see Lower-
house

Crow Wood, v, 144

Croxstath, Croxthat, see Croxteth

Croxteth, Croxteth Park, iii, 2, 5, 15,
30 «, 42, 57 «, 69 «, 70, 72, 151,
158, 182; forestership, iii, 43;
iv, 12 ; Hall, iii, II «-2, 15, 182 ;
Hay of, iii, 14 ; man., iii, 182

Croxton, iv, 283 «, 285 n

Croxton, abbot of, iii, 223 «

Croxton, Geo., iv, 306 ; Will., v,
253 n

Croyz, de la, fam., see Crosse

Crue, Thos., iii, 131 n

Crumpsall, iv, 174, 176^, 230^-1 n,
235 n-6 n, 239, 259, 262-3, 336 n;
v, 80 n-i n ; chs., iv, 264 ; Hall,
iv, 263 ; Idshp. and man., iv, 262,
327 n ; v, 59, 60 «, 77 n ; Non-
conf., iv, 264 ; sch., iv, 201 n

Crumpsall, Lower, iv, 262 ; Non-
conf., iv., 264

Crumpsall Green, iv, 262

Cuckstool Croft, iv, 60 n

Cucy, Rob., see Coucy

Cuddock Meadow (Altcar), iii, 222

Cudleslane, iii, 403 n

Cudworth, Agnes, v, 95 n ; Alice, iv,
268 n ; v, 95 « ; Anne, v, 95 n-6 n;
Ellen de, v, 177 « ; Jane, v, 95 n;
Jno., iv, 257; v, 95, 98-100 w,
104, 205 « ; Josh., v, 93, 95-6 n ;
Margery de, v, 95 ; Nich., v,
148; Noah, v, 148 n; Ralph, v,
95 n; Rich, de, v, 157, I77»;
Thos., v, 96 «; fam., v, 100-1,
104

Cuerdale, iii, 65 n

Cuerdale, Alex, de, v, 270 «, 285 n ;
Alice de, iii, 277 n ; Geoff, de, iii,
277 n

Cuerden, iii, 67 «-8 «, 70 n

Cuerdley, iii, 341-2 «, 387 «, 390,
394-5, 404 ; iv, 93, 230 «, 374 n ;
char., iii, 348 ; Cross, iii, 394 ;
man., iii, 394-5 ; v, 160 n

Cuerdley Chorlton, iii, 395 n

Cuerdley, Brun de, iii, 399 n ; Jno.
de, iii, 399 n ; Rich, de, iii, 399 n

Culcheth, iii, 257^, 318, 364 n ; iv,
122-4, 126 «, 129 «, 155 n-6, 271 ;
v, 56 n ; char., iv, 131; ch., iv,
164 ; Guest(s) House, iv, 164 n;
Hall, iv, 159 n, 163 «, 165 «, 271 ;
man., iii, 318 n ; iv, 156 ; v, 59 ;
mills, iv, 162 n, 352 n; Nonconf.,
iv, 165; Rom. Cath., iii, 340;
iv, 165, 273

Culcheth Carrs, iv, 157 «-8 n

Culcheth, Agnes, iv, 157 #-8 «;
Alice (de), iv, 157 «-8 « ; v, 28 n ;
Anne, iv, 159; Cecily de, iii,
134 », 273; iv, 109 «, 157-8;
Chas., iv, 158 n ; Christian, iv,
158 «; Douce, iv, 158 ; Eliz. (de),
iv, 156-7/2, 159, 271 #-2 #; Ellen
(de), iv, U4«, 156, 161,272*;
Geo. (de), iii, 260; iv, 114 n, 157;
Gilb. (de), iii, 338 n ; iv, 102 «,
107-9 ni I54W, 156-60 w, 164 n;
Grace, iv, 272 « ; Helen, iii, 429 n ;
Hen. de, iii, 431 n ; iv, I57»;
Hugh (de), iv, 107;*, 157 »;
Isabel, iv, 158 n ; Jas., iv, 159 n ;
v, 303 n ; Jane, iv, 158 n ; Joan
de, iv, 109 «, 156-7 ; Jno. (de), iv,
109 «, 114, I57«~9«, 163-4;
K(C)ath. (de), iv, 157 n-g, 272 «;
Marg. (de), iv, 158, i6o«, 164 »;
Margery de, iv, 156-7 ; Mary, iii,
417 n; iv, I58«~9«; Maud, iv,
158 n; Nich. de, iv, 157-8 ; Nor-
man de, iii, 333 n ; Oliver (de), iii,
429?*; iv, 157-8; Parnell, iv,
158 »; Ralph, iii, 329, 333; iv,
272 n ; Rich, (de), in, 134 «, 273 ;
iv, 107 n, 156-7, 271 «-2»; Rog.
(de), iii, 139, 144, 148 n ; iv, 1 13 n-
4 ; Thos. (de), iii, 417 «, 424 ; iv,
109, II4«, 1 17 «, 157-60 w, 164 ;
v, 28 n ; Thurstan de, iv, 157,
l6o«; Will, (de), iii, 275, 329,
333; iv, inn, 1 14 «, 157^-8 n,
272 n ; fam., iv, 1 14

Culloden, victory of, iv, 180

Culshaw, Hen., iii, 248 « ; Mar-
gery, iv, 1 14 n ; Rich., & Co., iv,
89 n ; Rog., iv, 1 14 « ; Will., iv,
II4«

Cumberhale Carr, iv, 166 n

Cumberland, dk. of, iii, 306, 334 ;
iv, 28

Cumberley's tenement, iii, 346 «

33°

Cumbrall, iv, 167 n

Cunard Line, institution of, iy, 37

Cundcliffe, Marg., v, 183

Cundey, Jno. W., iv, 279

Cundlache Bridge, iii, 260 «

Cundliff, Jno., iii, 149

Cunliffe, Rob. de, v, 296 n ; fam.,

iv, 23
Cunscough, iii, 57, 183, 203-4, 209,

213, 276, 280 ; v, 175 n ; chap., iii,

214 n ; Hall, iii, 204 ; man., iii,

203, 205
Cunscough, Ad. de, iii, 194 n ; Jno.

de, iii, 194/2, 213 n
Cuppage, Jno., iv, 193 «, 198 «
Curfew bell, present ringing of, iii,

153, 188; iv, 357; v,44, 161
Curmesalle, Curmeshal, Curmisale,

see Crumpsall

Curmesholme, see Kirkmanshulme
Curran, Curren, see Coran
Currer, Will., v, 212
Currie, Dr. Jas., iv, 34
Curtays, Rob., iii., 325 n
Curtis, Hen., iv, 133 » ; Will., iv,

133 »

Curwen, Sam., iv, 181 n
Curzon, Assheton, Visct., v, 167 n ;

Mary, v, 101, 167 «; Nath., v,

167 n ; see also Scarsdale, Ld. ;

Sir Nath., v, 101
Cust, F., iii, 67
Customs, local, iii, 58, 79, 91, 222,

285; iv, io6w, 114, 276, 282, 340,

362 ; v, 46, 190
Cutfordack brook, v, 220 n
Cuthbert, St., iii, 188
Cuthbertson, Rob., iv, 203
Cutler, Mary, iv, 232
Cutt, Sir Jno., v, 267 n
Cuttes Heys (Aughton), iii, 293 n

Daas, Eustace, iv, 1 27 n ; Will., iv,

127
Dacre, Ld., iii, 283 n ; Ranulf de, iii,

342-3, 358 n; Thos. Dacre, iii,

349 n ; Will., iv, 324 n
Dacre, Edw., iv, 324 ; Geo., iv,

324 «; Joan de, iii, 132 «, 343;

Leon., iv, 324 ; Will, (de), iii,

132 n, 283 «, 343, 349 ; Sir Wm.

de, iii, 343 > fam., iii, 132, 283, 377
Dacres, Ld., iii, 162 n
Dagel, Wylot, iv, 133 n
Daintith, Jos., iii, 316*
Daisy Hill, v, 20, 24 n ; ch., v, 25
Dalby, Thos. de, see Richmond,

archd. of
Dalcarr, iii, 322 n
Dale, the, iii, no
Dale, Hen. de, iv, 61 ; Jno. del,

iii, 93, 127, 170*; Jos., iv, 301 «,

309, 322 ; Margery de la, iii,

lion ; Pet. S., iii, 340 ; Rog., iv,

322 ; v, 66 ; Sim. de la, iii, lion
Dalefield, the, (Liverpool), iv, 2
Dales Brow (Worsley), iv, 376
Dallam, iv, 155 n
Dallum, iii, 326
Dallum Moss, iii, 325 n
Dallum Park, iii, 325 n
Dallum Yate, iii, 325 «
Dalrymple, Chas., iv, 118; Eliz., iv,

118
Dalton, iii, 283 «, 248 «; iv, 57-

60 n, 96-7, 99, loo n; v, 274 ;

char., iv, 68 ; ch., iv, 101 ; man.,

iii, 179, 283, 292; iv, 93, 97,

341 n

INDEX

Dalton in Kendal, man., iv, 168
Dalton Hey, iv, 98 «, 101 n
Dalton, Alan de, iv, 98 n ; Gilb. de,
iv, 98 n ; Godith de, iii, 41 in;
Isabel de, iii, 251 ; v, 90 » ; Jno.
(de), iii, 151, 411 n; Jno. (scien-
tist), iv, 185, 223 ; Sir Jno. (de),
iii, 151, 251 ; iv, 85 », 94, 98 n •
v, go n ; Kath., iii, 151 ; Mary
de, iii, 254 n; Rich., iii, 151;
Rob. (de), iii, 151, 401 «; iv,

98 n ; Sir Rob. de, iii, 254 n ;
Rog. (de), iv, 100 ; v, 247 «;
Saylsel (? Cecily) de, iii, 382 « ;
Thos. de, iii, 382 n ; fam., iv, 98

Dalton Lees, iv, 97
Dalton Lees, Denise de, iv, 99 n ;
Rich, de, iv, 99 n ; Steph. de, iv,

99 n

Dam, Alice del, iii, 171 ft, I74«.5
Geo., see Georgeson ; Jno. del, iii,
75 « ; v, 87 «; Margery del, v,
87; Rich, del, iii, 171 «, I74«J
Will, del, iii, 170 n ; v, 87
Dam head (Burscough) iii, 258 n
Dam House (Huyton), iii, 169, 174
Dam House (Tyldesley), iii, 443.446
Damstead (Scarisbrick), iii, 268 n-g n
Danby, Sir Chris., iii, 101
Dancroft, iv, 242
Dandy, iii, 398 «, 402 » ; Sim., iii,

409 n
Dandyson, Joan, iii, 96 n ; Jno., iii,

96, 398 n ; fam., iii, 399 n
Danefield, the, (Childwall), iii, 145 «
Danes, incursion of, iii, 45
Danet, Hugh de, see Hospitallers,

priors

Dangus Lane, Danesgate Land,iii,45
Daniel, Sir Jno., iv, 289 n
Daniell, Clemency, iii, 356 ; Dorothy,
iii, 337; Eliz., iii, 352 «; Ellen,
iii, 352 « ; Grace, iii, 356 « ; Joan,
iii, 356 «; Jno., iii, 356; Nich.,
iv, 198 n ; Pet., iii, 337 ; Rob., iii,
i8o»; Sibyll, iii, 356 »; Thos.,
"i, 337 «, 356 n ; Will., iii, 349 «,
351 «-2 «, 356-7 «, 359, 363 n j iv,
76 «; fam., iv, 76 »
Danks, Capt., iv, 21
Dannett, Rev. Hen., iii, 303 ; Jno.,

iii, 303 ; Thos., iv, 46
Dansk, Capt., see Danks
Danvers, Isabel, iv, 1 13 «
Danyell, Thos., iv, 143^
Danyers, Jno., see Daniell
Danyes croft (Childwall), iii, 140
Darby, Jno., iv, 279
Darbyshire, Darbishire, Abigail, iv,
113; Anne, iv, 113, 163;*; Jas.,
iv, 163 «; Jno., iv, 113, 147;
Thos., iii, 328

D'Arcy, Darcy, Ld., Jno., iv, 324 «;
Phil., iv, 324 n ; Thos., Baron, v,

264 «

D'Arcy, Darcy, Sir Arth.,v, 264 n;
Dowsabel, v, 264 n ; Eliz., iv,
324 n ; Sir Geo., v, 264 n ; Lady
Grace, iv, 327 « ; v, 78 « ; Sir
Rob., iv, 327«; v, 78 »

Darcy Lever, v, 180, 182, 235, 249,
255, 263-4 ; char., v, 242 ; Hall, v,

265 ; man., v, 264 ; Nonconf., v,

266 ; Old Hall, v, 265
Daresbury, man., iii, 355
Daresbury, Beatrice de, iii, 355 ;

Matth. de, iii, 355 ; Will, de, iii,
355-6

Darington, Augustine de, iv, 126 ;
Nich., v,/ e *•

f

Darlaston Hall (Staff.), iii, 442
Darley(s), v, 34, 37, 39 ; Mill, v, 34 «
Darley Dale, sch., iii, 316
Darlington, Frances, v, 62 n; Jas.,

v, 62 «

Darton, adv., v, 145
Darwell, Thos., iv, 297 »
Darwen, Lower, Nether, v, 28 «,

270 n
Darwen, Over, iii, 74 n ; v, 37 ;

man., iv, 138 n
Darwen, Jas., iii, 91
Darwin, Pet., iii, 226
Dary, Jas., iii, 90 n
Dashwood, Rich., v, 22 n
Daubhill, v, 6, 249 ; ch., v, 6
Daubhole, iv, 376 ; Giant's Stone,

iv, 376
Daukinson, Jno., iii, 147 ; Rog., iii,

147 ; see also Laghok
Dauntesey, Alice, iv, 400 n ;
Amb., iv, 399 « ; Anne, iv,
399, 400 » ; v, 83 n; Byron, iv,
400 « ; Chris., iv, 220 «, 400 ;
Edw., iv, 400 ; Eliz., iv, 400 « ;
Jane, iv, 400 n ; Jno., iv, 390 «,
399 «, 400, 404 ; v, 82 «; Sir
Jno., iv, 400 n ; Jno. B., iv, 400 ;
Kath., iv, 400 « ; Mary, iv, 399 «,
400 ; Rich., iv, 399 n ; Rob., iv,
399 n ; Rob. B., iv, 400 ; Sarah,
iv, 400 » ; Thos., iv, 400 n ; Will.,
iv, 242 «, 394«-5«, 399> 400,
402 ; v, 79 ; Will. T. S., iv, 400 ;
fam., iv, 357, 390 n
Dauntesey(s) Warth, iv, 220 « ; v,

134 «

Dauntsey(nr. Malmesbury),iv,399« ;
Davenport, Anne, iv, 367 », 380 n ;
Cecily, iv, 399 n ; Dr., iv, 205 « ;
Edw., iv, 209 « ; Eliz., v, 166 n ;
Hen. W., iii, 446 ; Humph., iii,
326 ft ; Jas., v, 76 «; Jno. (de),
iii, 46 n ; iv, 297 ; Sir Jno. de, iv,
323 « ; Kath., iii, 446 ; iv, 306 n ;
Marg. de, iv, 323 n ; Mary, iv,
209 « ; Rob., iii, 65 n ; iv, 306 n ;
Will., iv, 77, 1 1 1 n, 328 n ; v, 73 ;
Sir Will., iii, 432; iv, 209 «,
367 «, 380 » ; v, 166 n ; fam., iv,
209 n
Davenports, Davenport House

(Pennington), iii, 430
Davenport's (Tyldesley), iii, 443
David the Chaplain, iv, 358 n
Davie, Alex., iv, 203, 205 «, 207 »,
267 n ; Edw., iv, 207 n ; Mary, iv,
203, 267 n
Davies, Edw., iii, 18 ; Jno., iv,

104 n

Davy, Ad., iv, 329 n ; Jno., v, 98 n ;
Rich., iii, 98 ; Susan, v, 98 n ;
Will., iii, 85, 98 n

Davyhulme, iv, 237, 362 #-5 #, 372,
375 J v> 45 »i 53-4 5 char., iv,
363 n ; ch., iv, 375 ; Hall, iv, 373;
Nonconf., iv, 375
Dawce Latts (Salford), iv, 207 n
Dawe, Rich., iv, 93 n
Dawn(e), Eliz., iii, 81 «, 398 ; Hen.
iii, 81 « ; Hugh, iv, 138 n ; Rich.
"i> 396, 398 ; Rob., iii, 398 «
Thos., iii, 81 «, 396 «, 398
Dawson, Ad., iii, 151 ; Birkett, v
272 ; Dav., iv, 297 ; Edw., iv
255 ; Eliz., iv, 293 n ; v, 131 n
Jas., iv, i8o«; v, 131 n \ Jno.
iii, 124 ; iv, 258, 268 n ; Jonathan
iv, 258 «; Rich., iii, 151 ; Will.
iv, 84 # ; v, 131 « ; fam., v, 101 «

331

Dawson-Dumeld, Rog. D., iii, 64

Dawtrie, Thos., iii, 243 n

Day, Bp., iv, 257 n ; Jno., iii, 108 »;
Rich., iii, 344~5

Daykins, Cecily, v, 27 »

Deacon, Chas., iv, i8o«; Jno., iii,
419 n ; Rob., iv, 1 80 « ; Dr. Thos.,
iv, 1 80, 246 n, 249 ; Thos. T., iv,
1 80

Deadwin Clough, v, 151 n

Deafhulme, see Davyhulme

Dean, Alice, iv, 239 n ; Hen., iv,
239 n ; Jno., iv, 239 « ; Pet., iii,
215 ; Rich., v, 112 ; Rob., v, 272;
Rog., iv, 239 « ; Will., iv, 239 »

Dean Bank (Spotland), v, 211 «

Dean Brook, iv, 89, 91

Deane, iv, 171, 358 «, 364; v, i,
22 », 235 ; adv., v, 3 ; Brook, v,
12 ; chap., iv, 379 n ; chapelry, iv,
358 ; char., v, 5 ; ch., iv, 381-2 «,
384 n ; v, i, 6, 13 «, 38 ; cross, v,
3 ; Nonconf., v, 5, 8 ; sch., v, 5«, 6

Deane, Edw., iii, 393 n ; Mary, iii,
190 ; Rich., iii, 183, 190 ; Rob.,
v, 181

Dean Mill, iv, 94 n

Dean riddings, the, iv, 94 n

Deanrod, v, 228 n

Deans (Worsley), iv, 376, 390

Dearbought (Prescot), iii, 363 »

Dearden, Jas., v, 191 ; Jos., v, 189 ;
fam., v, 195, 229

Dearden Brook, v, 141

Deardenfield, v, 146 n

Dearden Moor, v, 144

Dearnley, v, 225 ; ch., v, 234

Dearnley, Ad. de, v, 225 n ; Alice de,
v, 226 « ; Ellen, v, 225 « ; Geoff.,
v, 225 n ; Hen. de, v, 225 «-6 n ;
Jno. del or de, v, 225 « ; Marg.,
v, 225 n ; Mary, v, 225 n ; Rog.
(de), v, 225 n

Debdale (Burscough), iii, 258 n

Debdale (Denton), iv, 313 n

Debdale Clough, iv, 277 n

Declaration of Indulgence, iii, 44 ;

v> 73 «

Decoy Marsh, iii, 140
Dedemounes Slack, le, iii, 330 n
Dedmere, iv, 374«
Dee, Dav., v, 4 ; Dr. Jno., iv, 185,

196

Dee Mills, iii, 1 78 n
Deep Clough, iii, 351 n
Deepdale, iii, no, 250 «, 260 n ;

Head, iii, 260 n
Deeplache, iii, 280 «
Deeplish, v, 203 « ; ch., v, 200
Deeply Vale, v, 141
Defehulme, see Davyhulme
Defoe, [Dan.], iv, 352
Deishurst lane (Prescot), iii, 363 n
Delamere, Eliz. Booth, Lady, iv,

343 n
Delamere, Ld., iii, 8 n ; iv, 350 ;

Geo. Booth, iii, 319; iv, 343 n
Delamere Forest, sanatorium in, iv,

56
Delaunay, Angel, iv, 264 ; fam., iv,

264

De La Warr, see Warre
Delf Hills (Little Lever), iv, 202 n
Delph, iv, 338
Delph Brook, v, 285
Delph Hill (Halliwell), Nonconf., v

20
Delves, Sir Hen., v, 12 «; Sir Jno.,

iii, 311 n; Rich., iii, 309, 311, 314
Demand, office, iii, 96

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Demand, fam., iii, 96, 99

Demyshevid, the, (Leigh), iii, 428

Denbigh Cast., iv, 145

Denby, Isabella C., iv, 204

Dene, Agnes del, v, 230 n ; Alex, del,
v, 228 n ; Ellen del, iii, 339 » ;
Geoff, de le, v, 230 n ; Jno. del or
de le, iii, 339 n ; v, 230 »; Mich.
de le, v, 230 n; Rich, (del), iv,
345 #; v, 230 n; Thos. del, v,
230 n ; Will, del, v, 230 n

Denecroft, the, (Eccleston), iii, 366 «

Dene Evese (Denton), iv, 3i6«

Denehead, v, 77 «-8 n

Denehurst, v, 227 n

Denesgreve, v, 2 1 1 »

Dengie (Essex), iii, 289 n

Dennett, Jas., iii., 206 ; Jno., iii,
299 n

Dennis, Will., v, 92 n

Denton (Chadderton), see Foxden-
ton

Denton (Manchester), iv, 174, 230 «-
i«, 3". 313, 320, 322, 328 «,
335 n i v> 27» 35 > adv., iv, 321 ;
chap., iv, 178, 288 n, 321-2 ; char.,
iv, 203 »; ch., iv, 203 «, 3i6#,
319-22; Hall, iv, 313-5, 3175
man., iv, 154, 288, 311, 319; v,
29 n, 81, n6n; Moss, iv, 312 n;
Nonconf., iv, I79«, 322, 351 ;
Rom. Cath., iv, 322

Denton (Widnes), iii, 146 n, 386, 388

Denton, Ad. de, iv, 316 « ; Alex, de,
iv, 3 1 5 «, 31 8-9 ; Anne de, iii,
349 n ; Cecily de, iv, 318; Cutus
de, iii, 1 18 ; Eliz., iii, 388 n ; Ellen,
iii, 402 ; Emmota de, iii, 388 n ;
Geoff, de, v, 142 n ; Hen. de, iii,
1 1 8, 388 n; Jno. (de), iii, 118,
388 n ; Margery de, iii, 387 n ;
Mary, v, 98 n ; Maud de, iii, 388 n;
Oliver, iii, 347 n ; Randle de, iii,
388 n ; Sir Rauf, iii, 356 n ; Rich.
(de), iii, 387 n-8 n; iv, 318 n-g ; v,
280 ; Rob. de, iii, 34 n ; Rog. de,
iii, 118, 349«, 388«; iv, 318;
Thos. de, iii, 388 n ; Will. (de),iii,
349 n ; v, 98 n ; fam., iii, 388
Denton's Green, iii, 371 ; sch., iii,

375

Dentun, see Denton

Denum, Sir Jno. de, iii, 250 n ;
Kath. de, iii, 250 n

Depedale (Lathom), iii, 256 n

Deping, Jno., iii, 418

De Quincey, Thos., iv, 252

Derbei, see Derby, West

Derby (co.), iii, 14 n; Black Friars'
ch., iii, 127

Derby Brook, iii, 24 n

Derby Pk., Bootle, iii, 34

Derby, ctss. of, iii, no, 151, 157 «,
282 «; iv, I28«; Agnes de
Ferrers, iii, 222 ; Alice, iii, 162,
i63«; v, I2«, 295 n ; Anne, iii,
160, 167; Charlotte, iii, 150, 163-
4, 167, 252; iv, 260 n ; v, 91 «,
131 n, 268 «; Charlotte M., iii,
167 ; Dorothea H., iii, 165, 167 ;
Dorothy, iii, 161, 167; Eleanor,
iii, 167; Eliz., iii, 153, 163, 166-7,
263 n ; v, 82 n ; Emma C., iii,
167 ; Marg., iii, 161 «-2, 167 ; iv,
300 ; Mary C., iii, 167 ; Mary de
Ferrers, iv, 5

Derby, earldom of, iii, 14;;, 27, 263;
v, 247

Derby, earls of, iii, 21, 25 «, 47, 53,
7i«, 90, 98, 109-10, 112, 115, 117,

Derby, earls of (cont.)

124, 135 «, 146, 150-1, 153 «-5,
157 n, i59«-6o, 165,167-8, 171 «,
174, 176, 180, igo«, 193 «, 203,
206, 212, 214, 224, 239-40, 243-5,

255, 259-60, 267, 275,282-3, 295,
306, 321 w, 359, 378 n, 382, 385,
414, 422 ; iv, 4, 19, 20, 22, 27,
60 n, 77 n, go, 94 w, 96, 98-9,
non, 126, 128, 153 «, 161 n,
178, 257 w, 260, 271 ; v, ign, 61,
124 «, 130, 227 «, 295 j Chas., iii,
164 «~5, 167 ; Edw., 3rd, iii, 42 n,
47-8 n, 161, 167, 171, 239, 251,

256, 384 n ; iv, 237, 300 ; Edw.,
nth, iii, 165, 167, 189 n, 279; iv,
I28« ; Edw., 1 2th, iii, 166-7 ; iv,
96 n ; v, 82 n ; Edw. G., iii, 117 n,
1 66-8; Edw. H., iii, 166-7 5 iv, 53;
Edw. S., iii, 166-8, 279 ; iv, 40 ;
Ferdinando, iii, 109, 159^, 162,
167; iv, 93 «, 218 «, 380 «;
Fred. A., iii, 166-7 ; lv> 53 »' Hen.,
iii, 53 «-4, 102, 162, 167, 259 n ;
iv, 17, 78 «, 218, 237 « ; v, 41 n\
James, 7th, iii, 14, 103 », 163,
167, 239, 243, 252 ; iv, 69, 117 n,
262 n, 308 ; v, 244, 282 ; Jas.,
loth, iii, 27-8, 33, 38, now, 165-
8 ; iv, 28, 93 n, 1 28 n ; Rob. de
Ferrers, iii, 4, 14 n, 24, 80, 122,
142, 403 ; iv, 4, 5, 171 «; v, 245-
6«; Thos., ist., iii, 33, 144, 160,
166-7, 242, 246, 283, 305 ; iv, 93 ;
v, 12, 90-1 ; Thos., 2nd, iii, 33 «,
109, 160, 167, 257, 367 », 379 ; iv,
I27« ; v, I30«, 232, 247 n, 269 «;
Will, de Ferrers (d. 1247), iii, 3,
92 n, 222, 319, 325 ; iv, 4 ; Will,
de Ferrers (d. 1254), iii, 4, 21 «,
I77«, 295, 372, 403 ; iv, 171 n,
393 n ; v, 27, 249 ; Will. Stanley,
6th, iii, 34 «, 42, 159 «, 162- 4 «,
167, 174,263, 283 », 342, 367 «;
iv, 60 n, 8gn, go, 94 «, 237 w,
260 n ; Will. G. R. Stanley, 9th,
iii, 15 n, I59«, 165-7, 251-2; iv,
93, I28«; v, 247 n

Derby, Ad. de, iii, 39 n ; Alice de,
iii, 13 «; Annota de, iii, 39 n ;
Avice de, iii, 48 n ; Geoff, de, iii,
13 n ; Hen. de, iii, 173 ; Hugh de,
iii, 48 n ; Hugyn de, iii, 48 « ; Jno.
de, iii, 14 n ; Jordan de, iii, 13 «,
80 n ; Luke de, iii, 13 « ; Rob. de,
iii, 13 «, 48 n ; Rog. (de), iii, 13 n,
37 «, 48 ; Sim. de, iii, 13 w

Derby Day, origin of, iii, 166

Derby, West, iii, 5, II, 18, 22 », 28,
30 n, 38 n ; iv, i, 36, 38 ; adv., iii,
1 8 n ; cast., iii, 1-5, 13 ; chap., iii,
9, 12, I5«7 17; iv, 45 w; char.,
iii, 10-1, 15 w; ch., iii, 17-8; fen,
iv, I ; forest, iii, 2, 42, 56, 141,
177 n ; halmote court, iii, 2 ; hon.,
iii, 250; man., iii, 2-4, 13, 20-1,
2977,46, 49, 57, 70 », 91, 100 n,
110,112, 121, 13572, 141, i6o«,
165 n, 182, 217, 278 w, 400 w; iv,
2,3, 6w; mills, iii, 11 n-2, 14-5;
Nonconf., iii, 19 ; Sandneld,
Round House, iii, 13; sch., iii,
17 «, 19; sewage farm, iii, io«,
29, 30 n ; wkhouse, iii, 23, 29

Derby, West, Hund. or Wap., iii, i-
4, 23-4 «, 47 «, 68 «-7o, 143, 238,
265,310, 318, 387, 423 ; iv, 20,
57, 97, !33 ; bailiff, iii, 2 ; baili-
wick of, iii, 2 ; forester and ste-
ward, iii, 3 ; Wap. Court, iii, 2

332

Derbyshire, West, master forester-
ship of, iii, 43, 69

Derbyshire, Jno. (de), iii, 80 «, 217 «;
iv, 134 «, 390 » ; Rich. (Dicon) de,
iii, 2\6n-jn, 445 ; Rob., in,
278 n ; iv, 383
Derker, v, 99

Derleigh, Derlegh, Emma de, iii,
76 n ; Floria de, iii, 126 n; Jno.
de, iii, 76 «, 126 n; Margery de,
iii, 76 n ; Will, de, iii, 76 n ; fam.,
iii, 76

Derwent, Cecily de, iii, 351 ; Juliana
de, iii, 383 n ; Siward de, iii, 351,
383 «

Derwynd, Ralph, iv, 361 «-2«
Despenser, Hugh le, iii, 158 n
Dethick, Eliz., iv, 290 n ; Fran., iv,

290 « ; Humph., iv, 290 n
Devereux, Rob., see Essex, earl of
Devias, see Ewyas
Devil Gap (Formby), iii, 48 n
Devil's Wall (Aughton), iii, 284-5
Devon, earl of, iii, 42 n
Devonshire, dk. of, iii, 432 ; Will.
Cavendish, earl of, iii, 432 ; iv, 149
Devyas, see Ewyas
Devyhulme, Dewhulm, see Davy-

hulme

Dewbriddies, iii, 380;?
Dewhurst, Dav., see Dee ; Evan, v,
281 n; Rich. W. M., iv, 163 ;
Rob., iv, 279 ; v, 293 ; Rog., v,
19 ; Thos., v, 212
D'Ewias, see Ewyas
Dewsbury, Ralph de, v, 197
Dewysnape, Benedict de, iv, 315 n ;

Hawise de, iv, 315 n
Dey, Rich., iii, 106 ; fam., iii, 84 n
Deye, Jno. le, iii, 12 n
Deyne, see Dam House
Deysbrook (W. Derby), iii, 12 «;

Lane, iii, 12, 154
Dialect words, iii, 59, 285
Dibbleda, Jno., iii, 106
Diccon Mead, see Dicon Meadow
Dicconson, Alice, iv, logn ; Chas.,
see Scarisbrick ; Edw., iii, 269,
288 ; Eliz., iii, 269 ; Hugh, iii,
288 ; Jno., iii, 90 n, 97 n ; Meliora,
iv, 159, 163 n ; Ralph, iv, 329 n •
Rob., iv, 109 »; Will., iv, 159,
165 n

Dicfurlong (Astley), iii, 445
Dickanson, Thos., iv, 203
Dickens, Anne, iii, 379 n ; Geo., iii,

379 n ; see also Dykyns
Dickenson, Hen., iv, 201 ; Jno., iv,
253-4, 306, 308 ; Louisa F. M.,
iv, 306 ; Sam., iv, 2 3 n ; Thos.,
iv, 278 n ; Will. C., iv, 253 ;
fam., iv, 308

Dickenson's Dingle, iii, 40 n
Dickeson, Rog., iv, 206 n
Dicket of Great Crosby, iii, 92 n ;

Amabel, w. of, iii, 92 n
Dickinson, Jno., iv, 301 n ; see also
Dickenson; Mr., iv, 180; Will.
C., see Dickenson
Dickonson, Jno.,iv, 200 n
Dickson, Ad., iv, 76 «, 107 n ; Jno.,
iv, 76 «, 107 n; Nich., iii, 246 ;
Rob., iii, 93 « ; Thos., v, 226 «-
7«

Dicmonson, Rog., iii, 145 n
Dicon Meadow, v, 226 «
Diconson, Hen., iii, 34 n
Didsbury, iv, 174, 235«-6«, 288-
90 «, 293 ; adv., iv, 296 ; chap.,
iv, 178, 198 «, 294, 296 ; chapelry,

INDEX

Didsbury (cont.}

iv, 296, 310 ; char., iv, 203 ; ch.,
iv, 294-6 ; Duke's Hillock, iv,
293 « ; man., iv, 288-9, 293 > m^»
iv, 294 ; Moor, iv, 292-3 ; Non-
conf., iv, 203 «, 297 ; sch., iv,
20 1 «, 297

Didsbury Eea, iv, 293

Didsbury, Ad. de, iv, 292 «~3 «,
371 n ; Alex, de, iv, 292 n ; Mar-
gery de, iv, 371 n ; Rich, de, iii,
53 n ; Thos. de, iv, 293 n ; Will,
de, iv, 293 n

Didsford, iv, 306 n

Dieulacres Abbey, iii, 47 «, 230 n

Digby, Sir Kenelm, iv, 372 n ; Will.
Ld., iv, 64

Digfield, v, 147 n

Diggle Green (Kenyon), iv, 154

Diggle Hill (Prestwich), v, 76

Diggles (Birtle-cum-Bamford), v,
136 n, 174

Diggles, Jno., iv, 256 n ; Marg., iv,
66 n ; fam., iv, 256

Diglache, Diglake, (Wigan), iv, 60 n

Digmoor, iv, 67 «, 91

Digpool, iv, 362 n

Dikemonson, Rich., iii, 34 «

Dikeson, Agnes, iv, 209/2 ; Rog., iv,
209 n

Dilworth, iii, 160 n

Dimple (Turton), v, 273

Dingle, the, (Toxteth Pk.), iii, 40-1

Dingley, Geo., iii, 82 «, 204 n ; v,
296 n

Dinkley, iv, 155 n

Dirtcar, see Derker

Discipline, penitential, iron scourge
for, iii, 121

Ditcher, Margery le, iii, 275 ; Rich,
le, iii, 275

Ditchfield (Ditton), iii, 395, 398 n,
400

Ditchfield, Alice de, iii, 400 n ;
Dorothy, iii, 401 n ; Edw., iii,
14 #, 401 ; Eliz., iii, 151 n, 401 ;
Hamlet (Hamnet), iii, 151 «,
352 n, 401 ; v, 239 j Hen. (de),
iii, 178 «, 396 «-7 #, 400 «-i ; iv,
162 n ; Isabel (de), iii, 35 r «,

401 n ; Joan de, iii, 401 ; Jno.
(de), iii, 175 «, 178 «, 397 «, 401 j
v, 288 n ; Sir Jno. de, iii, 401 ;
Kath., iii, 401 « ; Marg., iii,
151 n ; Margery de or del, iii,
388 n, 401 n ; Mr., iii, 204 ; Rich,
de or del, iii, 388 n ; v, 288 n ;
Rog. de, iii, 397 «, 400 ; Thos.
(de), iii, 351 n, 401 ; Will, (de),
iii, 151 «, 1 80 n, 398 n, 401 ; iv,
162 n ; v, 288 n ; fam., iii, 129 n

Ditchflat (Fallowfield), iv, 292 n
Ditton, iii, 88, 176 «, 341, 395 ;
the Bank, iii, 398 n ; ch., iii,

402 ; Hall (the Grove), iii, 402 ;
House, iii, 397 ; man., iii, 144 «,
396 ; mill, iii, 401 ; Nonconf., iii,
402 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 402

Ditton Brook, iii, 149, 168, 176,
395 ; Ironworks, iii, 150

Ditton Halgh, iii, 398 n

Ditton Mead, see Dicon Meadow

Ditton, Ad. de, iii, no, 396, 399 ;
Agnes de, iii, 397 «, 399 ; Alan
(de), iii, 35° ;/> 383 «» 396 »> 4°o ;
Alice de, iii, 33, 397-400 n ;
Cecily de, iii, 349 n, 397 ; Emma
de, iii, 397 ; Emmota, iii, 400 ;
Felicia de, iii, 399 n ; Hen. de,
iii, 144 «, 366 «, 396-9? 404 »,

Ditton (cont.)

413 n ; Hugh de, iii, 396 «,
398 «~4oo ; Joan de, iii, 398 ;
Jno. de, iii, 396-8, 401 ; Marg.,
iii, 400 ; Margery de, iii, 397 n-g;
Maud de, iii, 399 ; Pet. de, iii,
96-7 n ; Phil, de, iii, 396-7, 399 n ;
Randle de, iii, 399 n ; Rich, de,
iii, 96-7 n, 396-9 ; Rob. de, iii,
349 n, 388 n, 396-400 ; Rog. de,
i»» 33, 43, 96 «, 398 n-g ; Sibela
de, iii, 398 n ; Steph. de, iii, no,
396 «, 399 ; Thos. de, iii, 398 n-g ;
Vincent de, iii, 396 ; Will, de, iii,
396 n, 398-9 n ; Wimark de, iii,

399
Diva, Ralph de, see Hospitallers,

priors
Dixon, Josh., v, 294 ; Rob. (de), iii,

92 n ; v, 288 n ; Thos., iii, I2jn ;

Will. H., iv, 187
Dixon Fold, v, 174 n
Dixon Green, v, 34 ; ch., v, 39
Dobbe, Ellen dau. of Margery dau.

of, iii, 116 n
Dob-lane End, iv, 273 ; chap., iv,

274

Dobroyd, v, 230 n
Dobscroft, iv, 242 n
Dobson, — , iii, 61 ; Agnes, iv, 242 «;

Hen., iv, 242 n ; Jno., iii, 1 16 n ;

Rob., iv, 1 8 ; Will., iii, 116 n
Dockie Flatt, iv, 207 n
Docky Platt, iv, 207 n
Dodd, Thos., iii, 42 «
Dodding, Agnes, iii, 437 n ; Miles,

iii, 437 n

Doddithokes Clough, iv, 267 »
Dodleston, iv, 327 n
Dodson, Rich., iii, 297 n
Doe Green (Penketh), iii, 411
Dog and Gun (W. Derby), iii, 13
Dogfield (Manchester), iv, 240 n-i n
Dogford (Royton), v, 112
Dog Pool, see Grange Brook
Dogson, Rich., iii, 124 n ; Rog., iii,

124 n

Dogwall, v, 209 n
Dojer stones, see Calderstones
Dolfin, iv, 98 n
Dolfyn, iii, no n
Dolland, Jno., iii, 245 »
Dolly Lane (Aughton), iii, 300 »
Dominic, Fr., iii, 362
Dominicans, iv, 396
Domville, Jas., iii, 375 ; Kath., iii,

375
Done, Eleanor, iv, 321 ; Dame Eliz.,

iii, 1 80 ; Sir Jno., iii, 180 ; iv,

321 ; Mary, iv, 321
Doneam Moss, iv, 344
Doning Booth (Spotland), v, 207 n
Donington, Emma de, iii, 388 n ;

Maud de, iii, 388 n ; Rich, de, iii,

244, 387 «-8 n ; Rob. de, iii,

388 n ; v, 72 ; Rog. de, iii, 388 n;

Thos., iii, 290 ; Will, de, iii, 154
Donne, Jno. de, iii, 310
Donning, Elias, iv, 102 n ; Jno., iv,

1 02 n ; Margery, iv, 102 n ; Will.,

iv, 102 n

Donnington (Lines.), iv, 244 »
Donyngton, Will., iii, 223
Dorival, Abbd, iii, 276 n
Doming, Hannah, v, 38 n ; Jno., iv,

362 n ; v, 38 n ; Jonathan, v, 34,

Dorset, Thos. mqs. of, v, 247
Dosen, Anne, iii, I2o«
Dot, iii, 151, 169, 177

333

Doughty, Mich., iii, 354 n

Douglas R., iii, i, 238, 248, 25 1 « ;

iv, 30, 68-9, 78, 89, 91, 97, 101,

115 ; v, 286 ; bridge, iv, 68, 101 ;

mill on, iv, 70 ; navigation, iv,

68, I2O«

Douglas Green (Pendleton), iv, 392
Doune, Jno. de, see Donne ; Rich, de

la, iii, 431 ; Will, de la, iii, 431 n
Dourehey, the, (Burtonvvood), iii, 326
Doustes, Rich, de or del, iii, 148 ;/-g
Dove Hill, v, 278
Dove Lache Meadow, iv, 290 «
Dover (Abram), iv, in
Dowe acre (Burscough), iii, 258 n
Dowell, Edw., iii, 18
Dowere, the, (Tyldesley), iii, 442 «,

448

Dowers (Hulton), v, 33 n
Downall, Jas., iv, 146 n
Downall Green, iv, 142 ; ch., iv, 148
Downes, Alice del, iv, 139 « ; Eliz.,

iv, 8i«, 384«~5«; Fran., iv,

333 »» 384-5 «> 388 ; Jane, iv,

385 n ; Jno., iv, 385 ; Mary, iv,

384 « ; Penelope, iv, 385 ; Reg.

del, iv, 139 n; Rog., iv, 81 «~3,

370, 384-5, 388, 396; v, 24 n;

fam., iv, 384 n

Downham, iii, 124, 203 ; iv, 342 n
Downholland, iii, loow, 183, 188,

197, 222, 237, 293 n ; iv, 91 ;

char., iii, 191 n ; man., iii, 193 «~4,

196 n, 198, 269

Downholland, Ids. of, iii, 199 n
Downholland Brook, iii, 192, 221
Downholland Moss, iii, 48 n, 224
Downholland, Alan de, iii, 231 ;

Eleanor de, iii, 231 ; Kath. de, iii,

231 ; Rich, de, iii, 198, 231 ; Rog.

de, iii, 198 ; see also Holland
Downing, Edm., iii, 328 n; Rob., iv,

165 n
Down Litherland, see Litherland

(Down)
Downlitherland, Alice de, iii, 97 n ;

Margery de, iii, 97 n ; Maud de,

iii, 97 n; Rich, de, iii, 97 n ;

Thos. de, iii, 198 ; Will, de, iii, 198
Downton, Rich, de, v, 157
Dowry Mill (Old ham), v, 101 «
Dowsett, Hen., v, 149
Dowson, Will., iv, 209 n
Doykles, Joan, iv, 168 n ; Margery,

iv, 1 68 n

Drailesden, iv, 397 n
Drake, Thos., v, 199
Draper, Jno. W., iii, 371 ; Rob., iii,

275

Dresser, Jos., iii, 215
Drewe, Jno., iv, 127 n
Driffield, Chas. G. T., iii, 345
Drilesden, see Droylsden
Drinkwater, Pet., iv, 400 ; v, 78 ;

Thos., v, 78 ; Will., iv, 201 n
Drinkwater Park (Prestwich), v, 78
Drochenesford, Jno. de, see Bath

and Wells, bps. of, Droxford, Jno.

de,

Drogheda, trade with, iv, 16
Droilsdene, iv, 379 n
Dronsfield, Jas., v, 94
Droxford, Jno. de, see Bath and

Wells, bp. of ; Rog. de, iii, 105 n
Droylsden (Manchester), iv, 174,

176 «, 231 «, 272 w, 282-4,287;

char., iv, 203 n ; ch., iv, 287 ;

ind., iv, 282 ; man., iv, 282,

285 n ; Moor, iv, 274 « ; Nonconf.,

iv, 287; rds., iv, 282; schs., iv, 203^

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Droylsden, Little, iv, 282, 287 ;

Rom. Cath., iv., 279 n
Droylsden, Ellen de, iv, 286 » ; Gilb.
de, iv, 286 «; Thyerit de, iv,
286 « ; Will, de, iv, 286 » ; fam.,
iv, 286
Drummers Dale, iii, 265 ; Nonconf.,

iii, 275
Drummond, Jas., iv, 250 ; Will. H.,

iv, 250
Drury, Hugh, iii, 77 « ; Jno., iii,

77 « ; Rob., iii, 77 n
Dryclough (Roy ton), v, 114
Dryelhurst, v, 230 n
Drynkale, Agnes, iii, 332 «
Drythalt, see Alepool
Drywood (Worsley), iv, 376-7 «
Dublin, archbp. of, Thos. Jones, v,

151, 169

Duchy money, iii, 391
Ducie, earl of, iv, 261 ; Hen. G. F.
Moreton, 2nd, iv, 261 n; Hen. J.
Moreton, 3rd, iv, 261 n ; Thos.
Moreton, ist, iv, 261 n
Ducie, Arabella Lady, iv, 261 n
Ducie, Ld., iv, 202 «, 277 «, 279;
Fran. Moreton, 3rd, iv, 261/2;
Matth. D. Moreton, iv, 261 n ;
Thos. Moreton, 2nd, iv, 261 n
Duckenfield, Anne, v, 176 n; Sir
Chas., iv, 346 n ; Fran., v, 1 76 n ;
Jno., iv, 346 n ; Mary, v, 178 n ;
Rob., v, 178 «; Sir Sam., iv,
163 «; see also Dukinfield
Duckworth, Cath., v, 298 n ; Geo.,
iv, 253 »; Jno., v, 150/2; Ralph,
iii, 7/2, 344 ; Rich., v, 150 n
Dudeman, Ad., v, 227 n ; Thos., v,

227 n

Dudgeon, Rob., iii, 1 1 n
Dudley, Alice, iii, 326 ; Jno., iii,
381; Margery, iii, 48/2; Rich.
(de), iii, 7, 49 «, 50 n ; Rob. (de),
iii, 48 n ; see also Leicester, earl
of ; Sir Rob., iii, 326 ; Will, de,
iii, 48 #-50/2
Dudley hey, iii, 194
Dudmaston, iv, 399 n
Duerden, v, 145 «
Duerdon, v, 71 n

Duff, Admiral, iv, 204 «; J. P., iii, 301
Dugard, Geo., iv, 309
Dugdale, Ad., iii, 1 1 n ; Sir Will.,

iii, 261

Dukinfield (Ches.), iv, 346 ; Non-
conf., iv, 350 «-i

Dukinfield, Anne, iv, 277 n; Dorothy,
iv, 275 n ; Edw., iv, 275 n ;
Frances, iv, 67/2, 1 1372-4; Sir
Hen., iii, 434 ; Jas., iv, 120, 122 ;
Jane, iv, 31372; Marg. de, iv,
316 n ; Rob., iv, 114, 1 20, 313 n\
see also Duckenfield
Dullinghurst, iii, 427
Dullinghurst Carrs, iii, 427
Dumbell, Will., iii, 434
Dumplington, iv, 363-5 #, 374 ;

Rom. Cath., iv, 376
Dumplington, Pet. de, iv, 374 n ;
Siegrith de, iv, 374 ; Will, de, v,
197
Dumvill, Cecily, iii, 179*2 ; Jno., iii,

179/2

Danbabin, Dunbabyn, Hen., iii,
330 « ; Rob., iii, 330 n ; Will., iv,
258

Duncalf, Alice, iv, 332 n ; Jno., iv,
210 ; v, 1 19 » ; Thos., iv, 332 n ;
v, 121 n
Duncan, Dr., iv, 39

Dundee, chap., v, 149
Dunderdale, man., iii, 162 n
Dundonald, Anne, ctss. of, iii, 167 ;

Jno., earl of, iii, 167
Dungeon (Hale), iii, 140-1 ; Salt

Works, iii, 55/2
Dunham (Ches.), iii, 219
Dunham, Ralph de, iv, 330 n
Dunham Massey, iv, 295
Dunkerley, Jno., iv, 274 n
Dunmore, earl of, Chas., iii, 167 ;

Jno., iii, 243
Dunn, Will., iii, 245
Dunnerdale, Dunderdale, iii, 162/2
Dunscar, v, 273
Dunstars, iii, 430 n
Dunster, Hen., v, 1 23 ; Jno., iv,

136 ; Rob., v, 234 ; Sam., v, 199
Durham, bp. of, iv, 62 n ; Rob.

Barnes, iii, 402 ; Lawr. Booth, iv,

239/2, 361 ; Jno. Egerton, iv,

381 « ; Thos. Langley, iii, 180 n ;

iv, 198/2; v, 151, 153, 159, 168;

Jas. Pilkington, v, 289-90
Durham, Thos. de Goldsbrough,

archd. of, iv, 283 n
Durham, Rob. de, iv, 60
Durie, Capt. Jno. A., iii, 446 ; Kath. ,

iii, 446 ; Sarah, iii, 446
Durnford, Rich., see Chichester, bp. of
Dury, Dav., iv, 278 n
Dutch Evangelicals, see Lutherans
Dutton, man., v, 2ig«
Dutton, Ad. de, iii, 115/2; Anne,

iii, 73 ; Delaval, v, 224 ; Geoff.

de, iv, 372 ; Sir Geoff, de, iii,

334 n ; Isabella, v, 224 ; Jno. (de),

iii, 6 «, 65, 69 #, 178 ; iv, 138 n ;

Sir Lawr. de, iv, 139/2; Sir Pet.

de, iii, 115 » ; Rich, (de), iii, 411 w;

iv, 371 n ; v, 38 n ; Sir Thos. (de),

iii, 69, 404/2; iv, 139
Duxbury, v, 24 n
Duxbury, Jno. de, iv, 75 n ; Thos.

de, iv, 75 n ; fam., iv, 75
Duxon, Thos., iv, 91
Dwelles, — , iv, 112 «
Dwerryhouse, Anne, iii, n «, 17 « ;

Jas., iii, 127 ; Will., iii, 17 n, 127 ;

fam., iii, 17

Dyer, Jos. C., iv, 323 n
Dyers Carr, iii, 209
Dyke, Rich., iii, 362
Dykegate, v, 205 n
Dyken, Will., iii, 90 n
Dykesland, iii, 48 n
Dykyns, Geo., iv, 33 2 n
Dyneley, Hen. de, v, 230 n ; Marg.

de, v, 230 n
Dyo, Reynold, iii, 63 n
Dyson, fam., iv, 288

Eager, Thos. (Thompson), iv, 350

Eagley, v, 25 1

Eagley Brook, v, 14 «, 256-7, 273

Ealees, v, 227 n

Earle, Sir Hardman, iii, 1 3 1 ; Sir Hen.
iii, 131 ; Jno., iii, 253 «, 352 n
Maria, v, 30 n ; Mary, iii, 352 n
v, 30 « ; Ralph, see Willis ; Rog.
iii, 352 n ; Thos., iii, 12/2, 352/2
v, 30 n ; Sir Thos., iii, 131 ; Will.,
iii, 352 n ; Gen. Sir Will., iii, 131 ;
fam., iii, 19, 131 ; iv, 23, 53

Earlestown, iv, 123, 132; ch., iv,
136; Nonconf., iv, 137

Earl's meadow, iii, 15 n

Earnshaw, Thos., iv, 340

Earthenware, iii, 367, 355 ; iv, 323

334

Earwaker, Jno. P., iv, 187
Eastham, ch., iii, 278 n
Easthead, iii, 398 n, 402 n
Easthead, Hen. de, iii, 123 ; Jno.,

iii, 152, 181 ; Margery de, iii, 123 ;

Rich., iii, 180; Will., iii, 181 ;

fam., iii, 181, 402 «
Eastwood, Jno., iii, 181
Eaton, Anne, iii, 430 ; Joan de, iii,

237 «, 295 ; Marg. de, iii, 46 « ;

Nich. de, iii, 46 n, 237 », 295 ;

Rich, (de), iii, 46 n ; iv, 97 ; Rob.

(de), iii, 8, 46 », 419 ; v, 92 ; fam.,

iii, 46

Eaves (Barton), iv, 364
Eawin, iii, 76
Eccles, iii, 238 #; iv, 171, 199,

257*, 352, 363-4, 369, 390 n;

v, I ; adv., iv, 357, 365 n ; boro.,

iv, 363-4, 369, 376; cakes, iv,

363 ; chant., iv, 354-5, 361, 379 «-

80 n ; char., iv, 362 ; ch., iv, 352-7,

361, 375, 379 «, 393 «; Monks'
Hall, iv, 368, 375, 391 n ; Non-
conf., iv, 368, 375 ; Rom. Cath.,
iv, 376 ; sch., iv, 362 ; Scots'
Hole, iv, 362 ; wards, iv, 369 ;
water supply, iv, 237 n

Eccles, Ad. (de), iii, 373 » ; iv,
298 n ; v, 95 n, 206 n ; Agnes de,
iv, 357 n; Alice de, iv, 405 «;
Jane, iii, 373 « ; Jno. de, iv,
368 n ; Marg. de, iv, 357 n; Rob.
de, iv, 357 n; Rog. de, iv, 359 »,
365 « ; Thos. (de), iii, 373 « ; iv,
265 n, 358, 390 n; Will, de, iv,
265 », 357 «, 359 «, 365 n, 368 « ;
v, 206 n ; fam., iii, 373 ; iv, 265

Eccleshall, Jno. de, iii, 8

Eccleshill, iii, 37 n ; adv., iii, 160 n ;
man., iii, 37

Eccleston, iii, 157, 341-2 w, 353/2,
356 n, 362, 374 ; char., iii, 346 ;
iv, 67 n ; ch., iii, 367; Hall, iii,

362, 367, 376 ; man., iii, 69, 70 »,
269, 274, 355-6, 363, 405 ; Non-
conf., iii, 367 ; Rom. Cath., iii,

367

Eccleston, Id. of, iii, 368

Eccleston in Leyland, man., iii,
71 «

Eccleston, Little, in Amounderness,
iii, 277-8 n

Eccleston, Ad., iv, 384 n ; Agnes
(de), iii, 364 n ; iv, 155, 157 «;
Alan de, iii, 326, 363, 365 «, 367 n ;
Alice de, iii, 363 n, 367 n ; Amery
de, iii, 363, 366 n-j n ; Basil T.,
iii, 269, 274, 341, 365,367 ; Cecily
de, iii, 363 n ; Edw., iii, 283 «,
359 «, 364, 366 «, 381 n ; Eleanor,
iii, 346 n, 365 ; Eliz., iii, 269 ;
Ellen (de), iii, 263 «, 364 n-
Esther, iii, 381 n ; Grace, iii,
364 «, 381 ; Hen. (de), iii, 283-4,
359, 363-4, 368, 381 ; Hugh (de),
iii, 363 ; v, 291 n ; Isabel de, iii,
363 « ; Jane, iii, 359 r, 364 n ;
Jno. (de), iii, 179 n, 263 «, 274,
345, 363-4, 368 n ; iv, 155, 157* ;
Jno. G., iii, 365 ; Kath., iii, 364 « ; i
Margery, iii, 364 n ; Maria, iv,
313/2; Mary, iii, 274, 364 «; iv,
384 n ; Ralph (Rauf), iii, 356 «,
363 ; iv, 135 n, 155 n ; Rich, (de),
iii, 356 «, 363, 368, 383 n ; Rob. de,
iii, 363, 365-6, 368 n ; Steph. de,
iii, 363 n ; Thos. (de), iii, 196,

274-5, 359 «, 364-5, 373 *, 378 »,
381 «, 409 «, 417 «, 424 ; see also

INDEX

Eccleston (cant.)

Scarisbrick ; Thomasine, iii,

381 «; Will, de, iii, 364 «;

Winifred, iii, 376 ; fam., iii, 341
Eckersall, Jas., iv, 389 n ; Jno., v,

129

Eckersley (Bedford), iii, 434
Eckersley, Eckesley, Geo., iii, 420 ;

Hen. de, iii, 431 »; Jno. de, iii,

431 »; Will., iii, 435
Eda, Edith, lady of Barton, see

Barton, Edith de
Edburgham, see Abram
Eddleston, Jno., iv, 67, 86 n
Eddleston House, iv, 86 «
Eden, Gilb., iv, 135 « ; Jas., iv, 135 ;

v, 242 « ; Matth., iv, 134 n
Edenfield, v, 144; chap., v, 127,

148-9 ; char., v, 128 n; Nonconf.,

v, 149

Edensor, Rich., iv, 358 «, 406 n
Edge (Entwisle), v, 283 n
Edge, the, (Halsall), iii, 193
Edge, the, (Sefton), iii, 68 w, 70 «, 72,

93 »

Edge, Alan del, iii, 27 n ; Alice, iv,
107 «, 246 «; Ellen, v, 33 «;
Goditha del, iii, 197 ; Ibota de,
iii, 408 n ; Jas., v, 4 «, 5 n ; Jno.,
v, 5 «, 33 n ; Jordan de, iii, 408 n ;
Marg., iv, 368 n ; Margery del,
iii, 27 «, 97 « ; Capt. Oliver, iii,
164 ; iv, 308 ; Paulinus del, iii,
197 ; Rich, (del), iv, 139 «, 328 «,
390 n ; Rich. R. del, iii, 97 n ;
Rob. (del), iii, 25 «, 27 «, 448 ; iv,
368 n ; Steph. del, iv, 139 n;
Thos., iv, 245 n ; see also Moly-
neux ; Will., iv, 107 n ; fam., iv,
308-9 ; v, 33 n

Edgeacre(s), iii, 25 1 «, 255 n, 262 n ;
Brook, iii, 254-5 «

Edgeacre, Ad. de, iii, 263 « ; Cecily,
iii. 297 «; Ellen, iii, 297 «; Hen., iii,
297 n ; Jas., iii, 297 n ; Janet, iii,
297 n ; Jno. de, iii, 266 n ; Rob.,
iii, 297 n

Edgefield, iii, 1 24 «

Edgefold (Entwisle), v, 275, 282

Edgefold (Middle Hulton), v, 26

Edge Foot (Entwisle), v, 283 n

Edge Green, iv, 148

Edge Hill, ch., iii, 18

Edgehill, battle of, iii, 151 n; iv,
153, 178*

Edge Lane (Droylsden), iv, 282 n

Edge Lane (W. Derby), iii, 12 ; ch.,
iii, 18-9 ; Hall, iii, 12 n

Edge Moor, v, 98 n

Edgeworth, iv, 331 n-2 «, 405 « ; v,
13 «, 58-9 «, 235, 238 n, 273, 280-
2«, 284 ; ch., v, 282 ; man., iv,
332; v, 281, 283; Nonconf., v,
282

Edgeworth, Ellis de, v, 282 n ; Hugh
de, v, 282 n ; Margery de, iii,
333 ; Rich, de, v, 279 «, 282 n ;
Rog. de, v, 282 «; Sireda de, v,
279 « ; Will, de, v, 282 n

Edleston, Jno., v, 25

Edmondson, Hiel, v, 303

Edmund of Langley, see York, dk.
of; the Smith, iv, 80 n

Edricshill, iv, i6gn

Edrington, Mary, iv, 256 » ; Pat.,
iv, 256

Edwalton, iii, 249 «

Edward, King, (the Elder), iv, 174

Edward, King, (the Confessor), iii,
13,5°, Hijiv, 133, 171,205; v,58

Edward I, iii, 87; iv, 59, 93 «,

135
Edward II, iii, 6, 104 ; iv, 6, 9, 57,

91, 116

Edward III, iii, 105 «, 156, 250
Edward IV, iii, 69 ; iv, 13, 138 »,

285, 347, 367 n; v, 131 n
Edward VI, iii, 127, 161-2; iv, 15,

193 », 271
Edward VII, iv, 184, 340, 376; v,

245
Edward, Prince, (s. of Hen. Ill), iii,

4; iv, 171 n

Edward the Black Prince, iv, 379 »
Edwards, Edw., iv, 147 ; Jane, iii,

406 « ; Jno., iii, 406 n ; v, 233 ;

Jno. W., iii, 449; Thos., iii,

449 »
Ed wards- Heathcote, Capt. Justinian

H., iv, 406
Edwardson, Jas., iii, 248 n ; Will.,

iii, 140 n
Edwin, iii, 49; the Carpenter, iv,

371

Edwin, Eliz., iv, 118 ; Sir Humph.,
iv, 118 ; Jno., iv, 118

Eea (Flixton), v, 46

Egardeslegh, iii, 327 n

Egatishurst Brook, iv, :66»

Egberden, v, 7 n

Egberigh, see Aigburth

Egbert Dene, see Egburden

Egburden, v, 13 «, 19

Egburden, water of, v, 262 n

Egecroft, iv, 329 n

Egedeshurst Brook, iv, 167 «

Egersart, iii, 182 n

Egerton (nr. Malpas), iv, 143

Egerton (Turton), v, 273, 278-9 ;
Nonconf., v, 281

Egerton, Earl, iv, 192, 291, 325, 338 ;
v, 179; Wilbraham, iv, 213 «;
Will. T. Ld., iv, 213 »

Egerton, Agnes (de), iii, 210, 372;
iv, 143 ; Hon. Algernon, iv, 362 »,
38 1 #-2; v, 5 n ; Anne, v, 49 n;
Arth. E. H. G., see Wilton, earl
of; Col., iii, 252 » ; Dav. (de), iii,
210, 372 ; iv, 143 ; Dorothy, iv,
380 ; Edw., iii, 373 ; Sir Edw., v,
8 1 ; Eleanor, v, 60, 167; Lady
Eliz., iv, 314 ; v, 49, 81 ; Fran.,
see Bridgewater, dk. of ; Ld.
Fran., see Ellesmere, earl of;
Fran. C. G., see Ellesmere, earl
of ; Rev. Fran. W., see Bridge-
water, earl of; Geo. G. F., see
Ellesmere, earl of; Hen., see
Hereford, bp. of ; Hester, iv,
213 n; Holland, iv, 322 n; Sir
Holland, v, 75 «-6«, 81 ; Honora,
iv, 381 «; Jane, v, 49 « ; Jno., iv,
383 « ; v, 49 ; see also Bridge-
water, earl and dk. of, and Dur-
ham, bp. of; Sir Jno., iv, 314,
322 n ; v, 8 1 ; Jno. W., see Bridge-
water, earl of; Kath., v, 82 «; Lady,
iii, 384 ; Leon., iv, 219 «, 246 n ;
v, 42, 49 ; Ld. Chancellor, iii,
280 n ; Louisa, iv, 380 ; Mary,
iii, 167, 279, 347 n, 373 «, 376 ;
iv, 246 » ; v, 49 n, 60 »; Pet.,
iii, 279; iv, 373 n ; v, 42, 44,
49, 55 «; Ralph, v, 279 »; Sir
Ralph, v, 49 ; Rich., iii, 31 «, 373;
Sir Rich., iv, 380 ; Sir Rowland,
v, ngn; Sam., iv, 213 «; v,
179 ; Scrope, see Bridgewater,
dk. of ; Seymour J. G., see Wilton,
earl of; Thos., iii, 62 n, 64, 312 ;

335

Egerton (cont.)

iv, 381 ; Sir Thos., v, 75 ; see
also Brackley, Visct., and Grey
de Wilton, Ld. ; Sir Thos. G.,
v, 75 », 8 1 ; Wilbraham, iv,
213 «, 291 «, 301, 311, 325 ; Will.,
iv, 213 n, 215, 291-2, 301, 308,
3i if 325, 337; Sir Will., iv, 38^
390 n ; fam., iii, 163 « ; iv, 381 ;
v, 70

Egeword, Egewurth, see Edgeworth

Egge, Ad. del, iii, 329 »; Agnes del,
iii, 329 n

Eggergarth, iii, 175, 192 », 201-4,
206, 299 n ; man., iii, 203, 205,
266 «-8, 297 »-8 », 318 «; mill,
iii, 80 », 193

Eggergarth, Rob. de, iii, 198 ; Rog.
de, iii, 198

Eggewrthe, see Edgeworth

Egyndale Moor, iii, 1 25 n

Eiclyves, the, (Wigan), iv, 75 n

Einecote, see Ancoats

Einuluesdel, see Ainsdale

Ekirgart, see Eggergarth

Ekoe wood, iii, 269 n

Eland, Hugh de, v, 190 *, 192
202 «, 206 #-7 «, 210, 213, 222 «,
227 «, 229 ; Jno. de, v, 192 »,
197 «, 208 n, 210 »-i, 2i3«~4«,
229 «~3o « ; Margery de, v,
207 n

Elbutt, v, I74«, 176*

Elcho, Ld., iii, 243

Elcock, Alex., iv, 3i6«; Anne, iii,
64 n ; Ant., iii, 64 n ; Kath., iv,
316 »; fam., v, 147 «

Eldeley Brook, iv, 87 n

Eleteson, Joan, v, 142 n ; Rog., v,
142 n

Eleynfield, iv, 240 n-i n

Elias the Giant, iv, 377 n ; the
Manchester prophet, see Hall,
Ellis

Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, iii,
163 w, 165

Elizabeth, Queen of England, iii,
15 «, 94, 102, 104, 154, 162-4 «,
181,381, 415; iv, 193, 307; v,
ii n, 178, 298

Elizabeth, queen of Edw. IV, iv,
I38«

Elizabeth of York, iii, 160 #; iv,
402

Ellam, Edw., iii, 354 ; Thos., iv,
I70»; Will., iii, 386

Ellames, Pattison, iii, 130

Ellel, iii, 38 « ; iv, 246 n ; v, 175 «

Ellenbrook (brook), iv, 376

Ellenbrook, chap., iv, 358 tt-g, 361,
376, 384 «, 391 ; v, 5 «

Ellenrod, v, 207

Ellenrod, Alex, de, v, 208 n

Ellen Strange (stone pile), v, 144 »

Ellerbeck, Jno. de, iii, 254 n ; fam.,
iii, 254

Eller Brook, iii, 238, 247 »-8, 258

Ellesmere, Thos. Egerton, Baron,
see Brackley, Visct.

Ellesmere, ctss. of, iv, 376, 389

Ellesmere, earl of, iv, 81, 109,384-5;
v, 30 ; Fran. L. G. Egerton, iii,
442 ; iv, 376, 381-2, 391 ; Fran.
C. G., iii, 432 ; iv, 381 ; Geo.
G. F., iv, 381

Ellesmere Park (Barton), iv, 363

Ellins acre (Walton), iii, io«

Ellis, Steph., v, 303

Ellison, Dav., iii, 106; iv, 45 «; Fran.,
iii, 149; Hen., iii, 106 «, 312 «j

Ellison (cent.}

Parson, iii, 82 n ; Sam., iii, 149,

312 ; Thos., iv, 350 ; v, 45 ; Tim.,

iii, 52, 225 ; Will., iii, 103
Ellor, Jno., iv, 288
Elmaer, iii, 95
Elmer's Green, iv, 97
Elmes, H. L., iv, 39
Elphin, bp. of, Hen. Tilson, v, 198
Elsdale, Robinson, iv, 334
Elsintree, Rich, de, iii, 249
Elslack, iii, 160 n
Elston, iv, 342 n
Elston, Anne, iv, loon; Eliz., iv,

loo n ; Hen., iv, 100 n ; Marg.,

iv, 100 « ; Mary, iv, 100 n ; Rob.,

iv, ioo«
Elswick, iii, 160 «; works at, iv,

185 n
Elton, v, 123, 129, 133, 144 «, 180 ;

char., v, 127-8; chs., v, 136;

mans., v, 133 ; Nonconf., v, 136 ;

Rom. Cath., v, 136
Elton, Alex, de, v, 133 n ; Geoff, de,

v, 147 n; Jno. de, v, 133 n ;

Rich, de, v, 133 n ; Rob., v,

147 « ; Rog., v, 147 n
Eltonhead, iii, 355-6, 359 ; Idshp.

and man., iii, 161 », 359
Eltonhead, Alan de, iii, 359 «-6o,

397; iv, Il6»; Alice, iii, 360 n;

Anne, iii, 360 n ; Cecily de, iii,

359 »» 397 ; Emma de, iii, 359 n-
60 n ; Hen. de, iii, 355 n-6 «,
360- 1 n ; Jane, iii, 360 n ; Jno.
(de), iii, 356 n, 359 «-6o ; Maud de,
iii, 360 n ; Nich., iii, 161 n, 360 n ;
Rich, (de), iii, 356 n, 359 »-6o ;
Rob. de, iii, 359 «-6o n ; Thos.
(de), iii, 7 n, 360 n ; Will, (de), iii,

360 n-in

Eltorhead, Jane, v, 50 « ; Rich., v,
50 n

Ely, Crauden chap, at, iii, 314

Ely, bp. of, Jos. Allen, iv, 186, 373 n ;
Martin Heaton, v, 1 1 ; Will, de
Louth, v, 89 n ; Phil. Morgan, iii,
343 5 v, 72 ; Jas. Stanley, iii, 7,
146, 167, 194; iv, 127, 144 «,
189-90, 195, 200; Dr. Fran.
White, iv, 360 n

Ely, dean of, Jas. Wood, v, 143

Elysclough, v, 209 n

Emerton, Will., iv, 52

Emme acre (Warrington), iii, 322 n

Emme Fields (Ince), iv, 105 n

Enfield, man., iii, 14 n ; v, 191 #

Enfield, Will., iii, 307

Engineering, iii, 427 ; iv, 132, 230,
287, 340, 352; v, 251

English Lea, iv, 2

Enotson, Rich., iv, 298 n

Entwisle, v, 235, 238 «, 273, 280-
2 ; char., v, 243 ; Hall, v, 284 ;
man., v, 282 ; Nonconf., v, 284

Entwisle, Entwistle, Alex., v, 150 n,
282 «~3 n ; Alice, v, 1 10 n, 282 n ;
Anian de, v, 248 n, 274 n ; v, 283 ;
Sir Bertin, v, 283 ; Cecily, v,
282 n ; Edm., iv, 240, 253 «,
281 n; v, 227 «, 283; Eliz., v,
282«~3«; Ellis (de), iii, 176;*;
iv, 253 n • v, 283 ; Fran., v,
lion; Geo., v, 248 n, 282 «~3 ;
Giles, v, 28i«-2»; Hen. de, v,
261 n ; Janet, v, 227 « ; Jno. (de),
iii, 261, 264 n ; iv, 253 n ;
v, lion, 227, 281 n, 283 n ; Jno.
B. N., iv, 375 ; v, 227 ; Jos., iv,
1 86; Justice, iii, 221 «; Marg.,

Entwisle (cont.}

iv,' 253 n ; v, 282 «~3 « ; Maud

de, v, 261 «; Oliver, v, 10 n ;

Ralph, v, 282 n ; Rich., v, 227,

282 w~3 «; Rob. (de), v, 218,

226-7 n, 282 ; Thos., v, 282 n ;

Will., v, 10 «, 227 «, 282 n ; fam.,

iv, 253 ; v, 203, 225, 227, 279 «,

283

Entwysil, see Entwisle
Eppewode, see Hopwood
Erber (Huyton), iii, 174 n
Erbond, Giliana de, iii, 409 n ;

Nich. de, iii, 409 «
Erbury, Erthbury, see Arbury
Erdbury, con vent of, iii, 416 ; canons

of, iii, 416 ; prior, iii, 416-7
Erdeswick, Sampson, see Erdwick
Erdwick, Anne, iv, 160 n-i ; Rich.,

iv, 1 60 n-i n ; Sampson, iii, 168 ;

iv, i6o#-i
Erelegh, see Arley
Erengermeles, see Birkdale
Ernald, chaplain, iii, 154
Erneys, Agnes, iii, 132 ; Ellen, iii,

132 n ; Joan, iii, 132-3 n, 144 ;

Jno., iii, 133; Rich., iii, 132-3, 140;

Rob., iii, 68 n, 132-3 n, 144 ;

Rog., iii, 132, 134 ; Thos., iii,

132 ; see also Fitz Erneys
Errington, Jno., iii, 73
Erton, see Everton
Escrick, — , v, 19
Eshot Lane (Culcheth), iv, 156
Esmedune, see Smithdown
Espeke, see Speke
Essex, earl of, iii, 195 ; iv, 17 ; Rob.

Devereux, iii, 344 n
Estcourt, Fran., iv, 86 n
Eston, see Ashton under Lyne
Eston, Ellen, iii, 401 n
Ethelmund, iii, 43
Etherington, Pat., see Edrington
Etherston Hall, Etheriston, iii, 428,

43°

Etonfield, see Edenfield
Etton, Jno., iii, n6n
Etwall (Derby), iv, 144-5
Eu, Alice ctss. of, iii, 249 n
Euenesworth, see Ainsworth
Eueras, Griffith de, v, 26 #;

Llewelyn de, v, 26 n; Madoc de,

v, 26 «

Euerton, see Everton
Eustace the Mercer, iii, 367 n
Euwode, Rich., see Ewood
Euxton, iii, 70 n ; iv, 94 «, 1 13 « ;

man., iii, 69 n
Evangelical Revival, iv, 34
Evans, Jos., iv, 137 «, 140 ; Josiah,

iv, 137 n ; Messrs., iv, 132 n;

Rich., iv, 137, 148 ; Ruth, iii,

371 ; iv, 137 n, 140 ; Will. D., iv,

235 »

Evanson, Edw., iii, 307 ; Rob. M.,
v, 182

Everard, Jane, iv, 244 n

Everdon, Jno. de, iv, 194

Everton, iii, 5, 20; iv, I, 9 «, 36;
Beacon, iii, 20 ; Brow, iii, 20 ;
chs., iii, 21 ; man., iii, i, 4, 13 «-
5 «, 20, 112, 165 n; Nonconf., iii,
20, 22 ; iv, 49 ; Old Toffee Shop,
iii, 20 ; San Domingo House, iv,
32 ; schs., iii, 22 ; iv, 55 ; sts. and
rds., iii, 20

Eves, Maud de, iii, 72 ; Nich de, iv,
85 n ; Rich, de, iii, 72, 145 «;
Rob. del, iii, 124 ; iv, 85 n ; Thos.,
iii, 145 n ; fam., iv, 84

336

Evesham Abbey, iii, 227-8 «
Evyas, see Ewyas
Ewart, Will., iii, 22 n
Ewittinges Hedge (Haydock), iv,

140 n
Ewood, Geoff., iv, 359 n ; Rich., iv,

359 ; Rob. del, v, 143 n
Ewood Hall (Haslingden), v, 136 »
Ewsome, see Newsham
Ewyas, Evyas, Devias, D'Evyas,

D'Ewias, Alice, iv, 169; Cecily,

iii, 46 n; v, 267, 269 « ; Jno., iii,

46 », 244, 329 «; Sir Jno., v, 267,

269 n ; Margery, v, 269 n ; Nich.

iv, 169; v, 267 «, 269«-7o«;

Rich., iii, 46 n, 48 «; v, 269 »;

Rog., iii, 155; v, 269 «-7o«;

Will., v, 269 «~7o n
Ewzam, see Newsham
Exclusion Bill, iv, 26
Exeter Cath., iv, 239
Exeter, Anne, dchss. of, iv, 138 n ;

Hen. Holland, dk. of iv, 93, 138 ;

v, 267; Thos. dk. of, iv, i6ow;

Thos. Cecil, 1st earl of, iv, 333
Exeter, bp. of, Edw. Bickersteth, iii,

303 «; Jno. Booth (Bothe), iii, 418 ;

iv, 195 ; Edm. Lacy, iii, 343 ;

Hugh Oldham, iii, 161 n ; iv, 185,

201, 239-40 «, 264 ; Jno. Wolton,

iv, 196
Exeter, Benj. M. Cowie, dean of, iv,

197

Exhibitions, iv, 330
Exports, iv, 37
Eybury, Will, de, iii, 310
Eyebridge, iv, 147
Eye Brook, iv, 1 1 1
Eyes, the, (Ancoats), iv, 238 «
Eyes (Beswick), iv, 281 n
Eyes, Little, (Thornton), iii, 76
Eyes, Edw., iii, 41, 389
Eynlues Clough (Haydock), iv,

137*

Eynsham (Oxon), iii, 161
Eyntre, see Aintree
Eyolfs Brook, iv, 134 «
Eyre, Jno. R., iii, 376; Thos., v,

14 n ; Tim., v, 107 «
Eyres' and Beetle's lands (Walton),

iii, 26 #-7 «
Eyres, Jno., iii, 308 n ; Thos., iii,

353 ; Will., iii, 308 n
Eytton, Gilb., see Heaton
Eyves, Thos., iii, 16

Fabius, Dr., iii, 22; Hannah, iii, 22 «
Facit (Spotland), v, 206, 211 ; ch.,

v, 212

Faefeld, Faghefeld, see Fallovvfield
Faghell, Jno., v, 214 n
Faghfield, see Heaton
Faghside, see Facit
Fahhanesgreave, v, 153^
Failsworth, iv, 174, 176*2, 272^-4,

282-3 J ch., iv, 274 ; man., iv, 273,

285 n ; v, 76-7 ; mill, iv, 271 n ;

Nonconf., iv, 274 ; Rom. Cath.,

iv, 274

Failsworth, Brook, iv, 271 n
Fairbairn, Sir Will., iv, 185
Fairbaron, Dame Ellen, iii, 161 n
Fairclough, Anne, iv, 134 n ; Arth.,

iv, 94 n ; Jas., iv, 68 n, 94 n ; Jno.,

iv, 69, 134«; Mary, iii, 246 n ;

Oliver, iv, 94 n ; Rog., iii, 263 n ;

Thos., iii, 7 ; iv, 94 n
Fairdale, Will, de, iv, 166 n

Fairfax, Ld., iv, 22, 218 n; Hen., iv,
349 n ; Sir Thos., iv, 349 n

Fairfax, Brian, iv, 349 n ; Guy, iv,
64 ; Dr. Hen., iv, 349 ; Jno., iii,
343 ; v, 164 n ; Thos., iv, 64 n ; v,
164 «; Will., v, i<$4«

Fairfellow, Agnes, iii, 75 ; Will., iii,

Fairfield (Droylsden), iv, 282 ; Mora-
vian settlement, iv, 287

Fairfield (W. Derby), iii, 12 «, 41;
ch., iii, 1 8

Fairhurst, Edw., iii, 120 ; Jane, iii,

120

Fairhurst Sike, iii, 439

Fairs, iii, 141, 143, 175, 177, 230,
250, 256, 261-2, 320, 334, 353,
374, 4M, 435 5 iv, 8, 9> 69 », 7*-3>
92, 132, 135, 142, 174, i8o«, 206,
231, 344, 346-7 n ; v, 34, 103, 129,
131, 144, 169, 191 «, 193, 232,
245, 299

Fairview, iii, 41 n

Fairwood, Hen., iv, 76 « ; Thos.,
iv, 76 n

Falbe, Mme. de, iii, 6 «, 8

Falcon Hawe, iii, 237 n

Faldering, Margery, iii, 303 n

Faldworthing, Rich., iii, 299

Faldworthing Shaw, iv, ngn

Faldworthings, iii, 50 n

Faldworthings, Joan de, v, 272 « ;
Rich de, v, 272 n

Falinge, v, 206, 210; ch.,v, 200

Falinge Park, Rochdale, v, 193

Falinge, Andr. de, v, 210 n; Geoff,
de, v, 210 n ; Gilb. de, v, 2io«;
Orm de, v, 210 n ; Randle de,
v, 210 n ; Rob. de, v, 210 n

Falkner, Edw., iii, 385 ; Rich., v,
239 «; Thos., iv, 1 86

Fall, the, (Aughton), iii, 299 n

Fall, the, (Leigh), iii, 439

Fallhey, iii, 379 n

Falling, iv, 84 n

Falling, Will, de, iv, 84 n

Fallowfield, iv, 288, 290 «, 292, 303 «,
329, 332 «, 337 n ; v, 80 ; Brook,
iv, 292 ; ch., iv, 292

Fallowfield, Alex, de, iv, 292 n ; Jno.
(de), iv, 292 n ; v, 106 ; Jordan
de, iv, 292 n, 303 n ; Rob. de, iv,
292 « ; Thos. de, iv, 292 n ; Will,
de, iv, 292 «, 303 n

Falufeld, see Fallowfield

Family of Love (sect), iv, 196 n

Farington, iii, 70 n, 160 n ; iv, 1 13 n

Farington, Alice de, iii, 21 1 n ; Edm.,
iii, 7 n, 189 ; Eliz., iii, 437 ; Geo.,
iii, 429 ; Hen., iii, 289 ; Sir. Hen.,
iii, 228«j Jos., iii, 4ig«; Kath.
de, iii, 29 n ; Marg., iii, 429 ; Nich.
de, iii, 29 », 76 «, 21 1 n ; Pet., iv,
62 ; Rob., iii, 228 ; Will., iii, 155,
312,419,437

Farlington, man., iv, 283 n

Farlington, Sir Jno. de, iv, 283 n

Farmer, Capt , iii, 252

Far Moor, iv, 89 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 91

Farnecar, v, 283 n

Farnegoy, Halliwell, v, 12 n

Farnham, Rob. de, iii, 144 n

Farnworth (Deane), iv, 352, 365 «,
390; v, I, 3«, 34, 39; Birch
House, v, 38 ; char., v, 5 ; chs., v,
38 ; collieries, iv, 381 ; Hall, v, 34,
36 n; man., v, 6, 27, 34, 183 , »-
4 « ; mkts. and fair, v, 34 ; mills,
v, 34 ; Nonconf., v, 39 ; Rom.
Cath., v, 39; sch., v, 39, 242

INDEX

Farnworth (Widnes), iii, 146 «, 341,
386, 388 «-g; chant, iii, 391;
chap., iii, 345, 374 «, 386, 402,
410 n ; char., iii, 346 «; ch., iii,
347 «, 389, 393 «, 401 », 405 n-
7n; mkt., iii, 389; Nonconf., iii,
392 ; sch., iii, 395

Farnworth, Ad. de, iv, 303-4 n ; v,
33 «, 37 5 Alice (de), v, 33 «, 37 n-
8 n ; A vice de, v, 37 n; Emma
de, v, 37 j Geoff, (de), v, 35, 37 n
-8«; Hawise de, v, 37 n; Hen.
de, iv, 390 n ; v, 33 «, 37 n ;
Hugh, v, 37 n ; Janet de, v, 38 n ;
Joan de, v, 37 n ; Jno. de, v, 35,

37 n ; Lawr., v, 37 n ; Leising de,
v, 182 ; Mabel de, v, 37 n ; Mar-
gery (de), iv, 304 « ; v, 33 n, 38 n ;
Matth. de, v, 35 « ; Maud de, v,
33 n ; Nich., v, 33 «, 37-8 ; Rich.
(de), iv, 303, 379 «, 390 «; v,
33 ni 37~8 n > Rob. de, iii, 244 ;
iv, 304 n; v, 37«; Rog. de, v,
33 «, 35 «, 37 ; Siward de, v, 35 n ;
Thos., iv, 362 n

Farren, Eliz., iii, 153, 166

Fairer, Alice, iii, 199 « ; Eliz., iii,
300 n ; Fran., iii, 199 ; Rich , iii,
409 « ; Thos., iii, 90 «, 300 n

Farrett Moss, v, 191 n

Farthill, iii, 430

Farthings (Branderth), iii, 124 n

Fastonbrook, iv, i62«

Fathercroft, iv, 138 n

Fauconberg, Ld., iii, 72 n • v, 262 ;
Kath.,Visctss.,iv, 394; Thos. Bela-
syse,Visct. and Earl, iv, 394 ; v, 14

Fauconbridge, Thos., Ld., v, 47 «

Faucus, Maud, iii, 399 « ; Rich., iii,

399 »

Faufeld, Faughfyld, see Fallowfield
Faulkner, Benj. R., iv, 186; Edw.,

iii, 371 ; Geo., iv, 186 «, 264 n
Faurokeshagh, see Forshaw
Fawcett, Thos.,v, 106
Fawel, Jno., iv, 97
Fawkes, Guy, v, 1 39 n
Fawsley, iv, 63 n
Fazakerley, iii, 5, 27 «-8, 31 ; iv, i,

38 ; char., iii, 10 ; HaU, iii, 30 « ;
man., iii, 29, 70 n

Fazakerley, brook, see Tue Brook
Fazakerley, Alan de, iii, 29 n ; Alice,
iii, 200 ; Anne, iii, 30 n ; Cecily,
iii, 200 ; Dionysia de, iii, 29 n ;
Dorothy, iii, 30 « ; Edw., iii,
31, 224; Eliz., iii, 54 n, 103 n;
Ellen (de), iii, 25, 28 #-30, 54 n ;
Gilb. de, iii, 29 » ; Hen. (de), iii,
29, 200 ; Hen. H., iii, 30 ; Hugh
de, iii, 29 n ; Isabel de; iii, 29 n ;
Joan de, iii, 29 n, 48 «, 158,
171 ; Jno. (de), iii, 29 #-31, 54 «,
115 «, 200 ; Jno. H., iii, 30 ; Jno.
N., iii, 54 n; K(C)ath. (de), iii,
30 n, H5«; Marg., iii, 30 n;
Margery de, iii, 29 n ; Mary, iii,
300 « ; Nich., iii, 17 «, 26, 30-1 «,
54 «, 224, 346 n; Pet., iii, 30 «;
Rich, (de), iii, 29, 30 «, 200 ; Rob.
(de), iii, io«, 17, 25, 27 n-$i n,
200, 300 « ; Rog. (de), iii, 25 n,
2gn, 30, 115 n ; Sam. H., iii, 28,
30 n-i ; Sarah, iii, 30 n; Thos.
(de), iii, 10, 14 n, 29 «, 30 n, n$n,
127, 200; iv, 13; Will, (de), iii,

29 n, 54, 92 », 200, 383 « ; iv,
50 n ; Winifred (Winefride), iii,

30 «, 127 n ; fam., iii, 26-30 #,
389 n ; iv, 10

337

Fazakerley - Westby, Matilda, iii,

30 ; Joe. T., iii, 30
Fearnhead, iii, 328,331 ; iv, 142 n,

166-7 ni l&9 #-70 », 272 n ; cross,

iii, 328, 331 ; see also Poulton

with Fearnhead
Fearnhead, Ferne'.iead, Fernyhede,

Ad. de, iii, 331 ; Jno., iii, 331 ;

Maud del, iii, 331 ; Rich, (de), iii,

331 ; iv, 167 n ; Thos., iii, 331
Fearnley, Anne, iii, 306 n
Feasington Wood, iv, 241 n
Featherteam Common, v, 191 n
Fediwell, iii, 29 n
Fegherby, Will, de, iii, 349 n
Feilden, v, 137 n
Feilden, Anne, iv, 293 n ; Hen., iv,

293 « ; Mary, iv, 293 n \ Rob., iv,

203 «, 293 n ; Rev. Rob. M., iv,

293; Rog., iii, 419; Sarah, iv,

203

Felgate, Sam., v, 272 n
Fells, Jno., iv, 45 n
Felton, Mary de, iv, 378-9 « ; Sir

Thos. de, iv, 378-9 n
Fenians, iv, 184, 288
Fenn, Will., iii, 347 n
Fenne, Nich., iv, 332 «
Fenny Hill, v, 93
Fennyslack, v, 31 «
Fenton, Jas., v, 138, 175 ; Jos., v,

138, 175 n; fam., v, 141 «, 217,

Fenwick, Dorothy, iv, 24
Fere, Geoff, del, v, 72
Ferneheud, see Fearnhead
Femes, Jno. de or del, iii, 105 «, 123,

127

Fernhal, iii, 325 n
Fernhill, v, 212 n
Fernhurst, v, 175
Fernicroft, iii, 29 n
Ferniheued, see Fearnhead
Fernley, Jno., iii, 235 n
Fernyhalgh, iv, 106 #-7 n
Fernyhed(e), see Fearnhead
Fernyhurst, iv, 98 n
Fernylea, iii, 358
Ferrabee, Eliz., v, i68»; Hen., v,

i68#; Mich., v, 168 n ; fam., v,

168

Ferrand, Thos., v, 179
Ferrars, Eleanor de, iii, 250 ; Sir

Jno. de, iii, 250
Ferrers, earl of, iii, 325, 371 ; iv,

365 n ; Agnes, ctss., v, 238 « ;

Edm , Ld., iii, 223 ; Will., earl,

iii, 46 n; v, 238 n, 300
Ferrers, Agnes de, iv, 372; see also

Derby, ctss. of ; Hen. de, v, 246 « ;

Sir Hen. de, v, 247 n ; Marg. de,

iv, 372 n ; Mary de, see Derby,

ctss. of; Rob. de, iii, 325, 371 ;

iv, 372 «, 393 ; see also Derby,

earls of ; Sibyl de, iv, 372 ; Will.

de, iii, 13 «-4 «, 200 «, 325 ; iv, 3,

372 ; v, 245-6, 300 n ; see also

Derby, earls of ; Sir Will, de, v,

246 n ; fam., v, 246
Ferriar, Dr. Jno., iv, 185
Ferriby, Willde,v, 158
Ferror, Hen., v, 221 n
Ferry, Will, del, iv, 371 n
Ferrymorall, iii, 356 n
Fers Pool, iii, 222 n
Fetherbyley, iii, 363 n
Feuer, Margery le, iii, 275 n ; Rich.

le, iii, 275 n ; Rob. le, iii, 275 n
Feys, Hugh, see Fish
Fiddler's Ferry, iii, 41 1

43

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Field, Ad. del, v, 210 ft; Hen. del,

v, 210 ft
Fielden, Abra, v, 231 ; Barth., v,

231 « ; Christabel, v, 231 »; Jas.,

v, 225 n ; Jno., v, 230-1, 234 ;

Josh., v, 234; Nich., v, 231 «;

Sam., v, 234; Will., v, 231 «;

fam., v, 231
Fieldhouse, v, 226
Fielding, Jno., iv, 208 ft; Susan, iv,

208 n

Fiennes, Celia, iv, 179
Figgins, Jno. L., iv, 258
Files, manufacture of, iii, 353,

368

Fillyhey (Ince), iv, 66 «
Finch Hey, iii, 293 n
Finch House (W. Derby), iii, 38 n
Finch Lane (W. Derby), iii, 1 1 n
Finch, Edw., iv, 64, 1 28 n ; Eliz., iii,

no, 352 »; Sir Heneage, see

Nottingham, earl of ; Hen., iii,

9 ; iv, 308 ; see also York, dean

of ; Jas., iv, 69 n ; Jno., iii, 9, 63,

65 ; Marg., iv, 246 n ; Mary, iii,

352 «; Ralph, iii, 352 ft; Rog.,

iv, 246 n ; Will., iii, 375
Fine Jane's Brook, iii, 235 n
Finney, Jane, iii, 433; iv, 371 n;

Jno., iii, 433 ; iv, 371 n
Firebrick manufacture, v, 7
Fir Wood (Tonge), v, 255 ; Fold,

v, 259 n
Fir wood, inflammable wood used

for lighting, iii, 192*
Fish, Cecily, iii, 397 «-8 n ; Ellen,

v, 146 n ; Hugh, iii, 396 «, 398 ;

Jno., v, 1 80 ; Margery, iii, 398 « ;

Rich., iii, 396 tf-8 ; Rob., iii, 398 ;

Rog., iii, 398 n ; Thos., v, 146 n ;

fam., iii, 397
Fisher, Chris., iii, i8«; Eliz., v,

284 « ; Fr. Geo., iii, 386 n ; Hen.

F., v, 284 «; Hugh, iii, 396 n;

Jno., v, 294 ; K(C)ath., iii, 314 « ;

iv, 202, 248 ; fam., iii, 397
Fisher Field, v, 226 n
Fisheries, see under place-names
Fishpool, v, 128
Fishwick, iii, 70 n
Fitchett, Jno., iii, 307 ; v, 275 n
Fitch field, iv, 281 n
Fitheler, Ellen le, v, ig8«; Jno.,

v, 65, 198
Fitton, Alice, iii, 429 ; iv, 161, 372 n ;

Sir Edw., iii, 196, 429 ; iv, 158 «,

161 ; Fran., iii, 429 ; Jno., iv,

328 ft ; Sir Lawr., v, 288 n ; Pene-
lope, iii, 196; Rich., iii, 329;

fam., iii, 163 n ; v, 174 n
FitzErneys, Rob., iii, 132; fam.,

iii, 132 n ; see also Erneys
FitzGerald, Gerald P., iv, 394 ; Jno.,

iv, 396 ; J. L. P., iv, 393 n ; Col.

Nich., iv, 394 n ; Rebecca, iv,

394 ; Rich., iv, 394
Fitzherbert, Dr., iii, 228 n ; Jane,

iii, 338 ; Will., iii, 338
FitzNigel, Maud, iii, 394 ; Will., iii,

394 ; see also Chester, constable

of

FitzOrm, see Fizorm
FitzSwain, Ad., v, 94
FitzWalter, Ld., iii, 364 n ; iv,

267 n ; Jno. Radcliffe, v, 59 «,

60 n ; Rob. Radcliffe, see Sussex,

earl of
Fitz William, Thos., v, 112; Will.,

v, 112; see also son of William
Five lands (Aughton), iii, 298 n

Fiveakis Hurst, iii, 444

Fizorm, Hugh le, iii, 115 ; Rich, le,

iii, 115

Flag quarries, v, 190
Flag-stones, fences of, iii, 52
Flainsburch, Rob. de, v, 192
Flamborough, v, 92 n
Flamborough, Alice de, v, 192 n,

229 «; Rob. de, v, 192, 202 «,

211, 229 n

Flasbuttes (Aigburth), iii, 1 29
Flash House (Buttei vvorth), v, 217
Flatbacks (Scarisbrick), iii, 269 n
Flathyrale, Ad. de, iii, 283 « ; Avice

de, iii, 283 « ; Mabel de, iii,
283 n ; Maud de, iii, 283 « ; fam.,
iii, 283

Flats, the, (Ditton), iii, 397 «

Flaxfeld, iii, 430

Flaxhalgh, iv, 141 «

Flaxpool, the, (Childwall), iii, 141

Flax ridding, iv, 79 «

Flayneburgh, Flaynburg, see Flam-
borough

Fleam Bridge (Altcar), iii, 221-2

Fleam Meadow (Bold), iii, 406 n

Fleams, Over and Lower, (Prest-
wich), v, 79 n

Fleckenhow, Thos. de, iv, 377 «

Fleet, the, (brook), iii, 447

Fleetwood, iii, 233

Fleetwood, Agnes, iii, 54 n ; Edm.,
v, 31 ; Edw., iii, 228, 233 ; iv, 63,
65, 70, 72; v, 302 ft; Eliz., iii,
370 ; Hen., iii, 227-8 ; Isabel, iii,
54 n; Jas., iii, 370 «; Jane, iii,
370 n; Jno., iii, 54 n, 227-8 ; iv,
62, II7» ; Jos., iii, 370 n ; Marg.,
iii, 233 ; Pet., iii, 57 » ; Rich., iii,
57 #, 228 ; iv, 59, 8 1 ft, 90 n ; Sir
Rich., iii, 329 ; iv, 59, 88 ; Rob.
iii, 37o« ; v, 31 n ; Thos., iii, 39,
101, 155, 260, 441 «; iv, 63 «,
133 «, 362 «, 390 n ; v, 302 «-3 n ;
Sir Thos., iv, 151 «; Will., iii.
II n, 57 ; v, 302 n ; fam., iii, 370 ;
iv, 148^

Fleming, Thos., iv, 191

Flesheur, Ad. le, iii, 298 «

Fletcher, Anne, iii, 239 n ; Eliz., iv,
395 «; Ellen, iii, 17 «; Ellis, iv,
406; v, 31, 41, 143; Geo., iv,
i8o« ; Hannah M., v, 291 ; Hen.,
iii, 15 n ; Jacob, iii, 444 ; iv, 406 ;
Joan, iii, 205; Jno., iii, 17 n,
127, 239 «, 260, 264 n, 373; iv,
275» 395 « ; v, 266 ; Jon., iii,
153; Mary, iii, 373 ft; Matth.,
iv, 202 n ; Rich., iii, 264 n ; iv,
65 »; Rob., iii, 17 »; iv, 257^,
260 «, 291 ; Thos., iii, 17 »; v,
86 n; Will., iii, 127, 205, 373 «;
fam., iii, 17 «

Flethjithaleth (Deane), v, 39 n

Flitcrbft, iv, 151 «, 153 «, 156

Flitciipft, Litchford, iv, 256 n ; Rog.
deJiv, 152 n ; Will., iv, 153 n

Flixt^n, iv, 171, 199, 206, 212 «,
«, 353, 393J v, I3«, 27, 42,
n, 46, 49 «, 54 n ; adv., v, 44 ;
ckr., v, 45 ; ch., iii, 1 77 n ; v, 42 ;
use, v, 50 ; man., iv, 210-1 ;
v,46, 49 ; mill, iv, 371 n ; Non-
cqnf., v, 50 ; prebend, v, 44 ;
sdh., v, 45

Flixion, Agnes de, v, 50 n • German

df, v, 50 n; Rich, de, iii, 381 ft;
alentine de, v, 47 « ; Will, de,
, 47 «-8 «, 5 1 »

Flick, Rich., iii, 80 «, 83 n

338

Flodden, battle of, iii, 58, 61, 70,
88*, 135, 306 n, 336, 4ioft, 432;
vi, 367; v, 156,235
Floke, Rob., iii, 83 n
Flower, Jane, iii, 333 n ; Thos., iii,

333 «
Flowerlache, Florelache, iv, 275 «,

367 n

Floyd, Thos. E., v, 180
Fluland, the, (Aughton), iii, 296 «
Fogg, Hen., iii, 264 n ; Jno., iv, 45 ;
Lawr., iv, 45 « ; v, 263, 265 «-
6«; Rich., v, 91, 266 n; Thos.,
v, 25, 282 n

Fohcastel, v, 77 n, 79 n
Fold, the, (Droylsden), iv, 286
Fold Syke (Harleton), iii, 270 #
Fold, Matth., v, 121
Foldes, the, (Pennington), iii, 430
Folds (Sharpies), v, 260, 262, 293 »
Folds, Jas., (Parson), v, 243 «, 280
Foley, Phil., iii, 360 n
Foliambe, Godf., iii, 144 n
Folly Brook, see Tippesbrook
Fonts, iii, 5, 55, 61, 104, 128, 152,
175, 187, 220, 225, 288, 342, 391 ;
iv, 58, 125,296; v, 64, 104, 196
Forcett, v, 264 «
Ford, iii, 70 «, 96-7 «, 99; Rom.

Cath., iii, 99

Ford, Ad. de, iii, 4io#; Alex., iv,
77; Alice (de), iii, 99 », 198;
Earth., iii, 374 ; Dav., iii, 102 ;
Dicon del, v, 38 n ; Felicia de, iii,
410 n ; Geo., iii, 410 «; Gilb., iii,
229; iv, 66 «; Hen. del., iv,
122 n ; Jas., iii, 410 «; iv, 78 »;
Janet del, v, 38 «; Jno. (del or
de la), iii, 99 «, 175 », 227, 229,
369; iv, I22«; Margery del, iv,
76 n ; Mary, iii, 369 ; Rich, (de la
or del), iii, 175 «, 321 n ; iv, 76 n,
198 »; Rob. (de or de la), iii,
407 «, 410 n, 424 «; iv, 75 n;
Rog. (del), iii, 99 «, 198; Thos.
(de or de la), iii, I75#, 410 »;
Will., iv, 77, 1 86; fam., iii, 175 ;

iv, 75

Forde, Jas., see Forthe
Foreign death, see Plague
Foremoss Pool gutter (Sefton), iii,

58

Forester, Will. S., iv, 362 n

Forman, Sir Jno., v, 166

Formby, iii, 5, 45, 59, 191 «, i96«,
199 »; adv., iii, 48 »; Brank
Farm, iii, 45 ; Channel, iii, 45 n ;
chap., iii, 49, 51 ; chapelry, iii, 5 ;
char., iii, 10; ch., iii, 9 «, 10 n, 5 1-2;
crosses, iii, 45 ; fishery, iii, 50 »;
Hall, iii, 45 ; man. and Idshp., iii,
I, 24, 46-7, 82«, 195, 205, 222;
Nonconf., iii, 52; Old, iii, 48 «;
Point, iii, 45 ; Priesthouse Lane,
iii, 52 «; Rich. Cave's cottage,
iii, 45 n ; Rom. Cath., iii, 52

Formby, Ids. of, iii, 48 n, 199 n

Formby-by-the-Sea, iii, 45

Formby, Forneby, Ad. de, iii, 47 «-8,
231*5 Alice, iii, 49 n; Caroline,
iii, 192 n ; Cath., iii, 49 n ; Cecily
de, iii, 299 n ; Cuth., iii, 49 «,
224 ; Dorothy, iii, 49 n ; Eleanor
de, iii, 231 «, 293, 298 « ; iv, 99 n ;
Ellis, iii, 48 n ; Gilb., iii, 48 n ;
Helen, iii, 219; Hen., iii, 49 »;
Hen. G., iii, 49 n ; Hugh de, iii, 48;
Isabel, iii, 217; Joan, iii, 48 «;
Jno. (de), iii, 39 «, 47«~5o, 154,
219 ; Rev. Lonsdale, iii, 10 //, 1 1 #,

INDEX

Formby (cent.}

49, 52; Margery de, iii, 48 «
Mary, iii, 49 n ; Maud, iii, 48 n
Miles, iii, 215 ; Orm de, iii, 48 n
Ralph, iii, 48 w ; Rich., iii, ion
48 «-g, 52, 204 n ; v, 146 n ; Rob
de, iii, 48 n ; Rog. de, iii, 48 n
Sim. de, iii, 299 n ; Thos. (de), iii
48«-g«, 224, 289, 293, 298 n
Will, (de), iii, 47«-8«, 90 n, 217
see also Hogson ; fam., iii, 13 »,

47-8,51

Formeste Raynshaghe, v, 52 «

Fornebei, Fornebi, Forneby, see
Formby

Forrest, Will., iii, 352

Forshaw, Ad. de, iii, 383 « ; Alan
de, iii, 383 n ; Alice de, iii, 383 n ;
Amery de, iii, 383 n; Chas., iii,
225 ; Emma, iii, 366 n ; Hen., iii,
228 ; Mariota de, iii, 383 n ; Phil.,
iii, 247 n ; Randle de, iii, 383 n ;
Rob. de, iii, 366 «, 383 «~4 « ;
Rog. de, iii, 383 n • Will, de, iii,

383 »
Forster, Nath., v, 1 99 ; Ralph, v,

303 ; Reinhold, iii, 307 ; Sir

Will., iii, i8»
Forstes, Margery, iv, 303 « ; Will., iv,

303*

Fort, Lawr., v, 79 n
. Fortescue, Dame Frances, iv, 1 28 n ;

Sir Jno., iv, I28«, 141 «
Forth, Jno. del, v, 95 « ; Rich.,

v, 65 ; Rob., iv, 66 «
Forthe, Forde, Jas., iii, 91 «, 204 «
Forth Green, iii, 188 «
Forton, v, 1 75 n
Forts, anc. Brit., iv, 68
Forty Acres, the, (Gorton), iv, 277
Fossage Meadow, iv, 256 n
Foster, — , iii, 212 ; Hen., iii, 361 ;

Jno., iii, 211 ; Fr. Rich., iii, 52 ;

Thos., see Buckley ; Will., iv, 77
Fothergill, Jessie, iv, 259 ; Dr. Jno.,

iii, 307 ; Sam., iii, 307
Fouke, Rich., iii, 1 15 n
Foulash, iv, 345 n
Foulrigg, man., v, 192 n
Foulshurst, Cecily, iv, 143 ; Nich.

de, iii, 410 n ; Sir Rob., iv, 143
Fountain, salt water, iii, 197
Fouracshagh, see Forshaw
Fourgates, v, 20

Four Lane Ends (Halsall), iii, 192
Four Lane Ends (Pilkington), v,

OQ
OO

Founds, Mqs. de, iii, 270

Fourokeshagh, Alan de, iii, 256 n

Fowden, Will., iv., i8o»

Fowland, see Fluland

Fowler, Bryan, iv, 393 ; Constance,
iv, 394 »; Dorothy, iv, 394;
Edw., iv, 393 n ; Isabel, iv, 393 n ;
Jas., iv, 393 n ; Jane, iv, 393 n ;
Jno., iv, 394; Kath., iv, 394;
Magdalen, iv, 394 n ; Matth., iv,
130 n ; Rich., iii, 77 «; Rog., iv,
393 n ; Rowland, iv, 393 n ; Thos.,
iii, 66 ; Walt., iv, 393-4 ; Will.,
iii, 228 ; iv, 393 «~4 ; fam., iii, 76

Fowley, iv, 156, 163 n

Fox, Chas. J., iii, 67 n ; Edw., see
Byrom ; Geo., iii, 413 « ; iv, 250 ;
Jas., iv, 246 « ; Jasper, iv, 246 n ;
Jno., iii, 99 ; Rich., iii, 68 n, 99,
366 n ; iv, 246 n ; Rob., iii, 39 « ;
Thos., iii, 361 », 381 n ; Will., iii,
99 «, 332 n> iv» 329 n> fam.,
iii, 99

Foxdenton, iv, 212; v, 55 «, 115-16 «,

119; Hall, v, 120
Foxe, Jane, v, 91 n ; Jno., v, 91 » ;

Thos., iii, 372«~3«; Will., v,

91 n ; fam., v, 91
Foxhill (Barton), iv, 363 «-4
Foxholes (Wardleworth), iv, 76 «,

105 «, 280 n ; v, 226
Foxley, Jno., iii, 391 ; Thos., iii,

438 ; v, 14 «, 66

Foxton, C(K)ath. D., iv, 362 «, 400
Foyecastell, see Fohcastel
France, — , v, 5 n ; Anne, iii, 346 n ;

Rich., iv, 131 « ; Will., iii, 426 n
Francis, Arth., iv, 334 n ; M. E.,

iii, 59

Franciscans, iii, 307 ; iv, 279
Francks, Bern., iv, 275 n
Franke, Thos., iv, 99 n
Fraser, Jas., see Manchester, bp. of
Fraunce, Gilb., iii, 425 n ; Jno., iii,

425 n
Fraward, Beatrice, iii, 275 ; Will.,

iii, 275

Frearforth Green, iv, 368 »
Freckleton, iii, 160 n ; man., iii,

162 n
Freckleton, Ad. de, iv, 60 »; v,

I3°«> Joan de, iii, 299; Ralph

de, iii, 299 ; Rog. de, v, 65, 125
Frederick, Prince of Wales, iii, 240,

253

Free Christians, v, 133
Free Church of England, iii, 22,

40 ; v, 107, 149

Free Church of Scotland, iv, 48 n
Free Gospel chs., iii, 284, 324, 367,

382 ; iv, 83, 137
Freeman, Will., iv, 207 n
Free Methodists, iv, 185
Freestone quarries, v, 190
Freetown, v, 128 ; ch., v, 132
French, Agnes, iii, 228 n ; Earth.,

iii, 220 ; Cath. H. L., iii, 108 n ;

Ellen, iii, 228 « ; Jno., iii, 228 « ;

Matth., iii, 228, 233 n
French Treaty, 1860, effect on silk-
weaving, iii, 414 n
Freningham, Ralph de, iii, 87 «
Frere, Sir Bartle, v, 275 n ; Edw.,

v, 275 ; Geo., v, 275 n ; Mary A.,

v, 275 ; fam., iv, 285
Frereghes, the, (Burtonwood), iii,

325 «, 327 «

Frere Hook (N. Meols), iii, 232 n
Frere Meadow, iii, 230 n
Freshfield, iii, 45 ; Rom. Cath., iii,

52

Freshwater, iii, 105 n
Fridaythorp, prebend of, v, 73 n
Friends, Society of, iii, 44, 206 «,

236, 239, 282, 306, 324, 369, 374,

376, 386 «, 402, 413, 421 ; iv, 50,

87 «, 89, 122 «, 148, 250, 304 «,

375, 396 ; v, 25, 67-8, 75, 107,
115, 200, 233-4, 250, 254, 284,

303

Frieny Hill, iii, 351 n
Frith, the, (Altcar), iii. 224 « ; Dyke,

iii, 224 ; Gate, iii, 224 n ; Stone,

iii, 224 n

Frodsham, man., iii, 335 n
Frodsham, Pain de, iii, 143 » ;

Rich., iii, 376-7 n ; iv, 43 « ;

Thos. de, iii, 143 n
Froggat, Mr., iii, 449 «; Thos., iii,

444, 446 ; fam., iii, 443
Froghall, sch., iv, 352 «
Frog Lane (Wigan), iv, 66 n
Frogley, the, (Prescot), iii, 363 n

339

Fruyndes Sike, iii, 440
Fryton, v, 165 n ; man., iii, 437
Fukes, Rob., iii, 105
Fulebachope, v, 211 n
Fullerton, Jno., iii, 352 n
Ful(l)wood (Oldham), v, 93, 102
Fullwood Park (Toxteth ' Pk.), iii,

41 n

Fulshaw, iii, 24972, 255 «
Fulshaw, Rog. de, iii, 118; Thos.,

iii, 145

Fulshawfield, iii, 145
Fulthorp, Sir Rog. de, v, 46 «;

Sibyl de, v, 46 «
Fulwath Shaw, iii, 209 «
Funkdenbed, iii, 33 n
Furlongs, the, (Aughton), iii, 297
Furness, bailiwick, iii, 14
Furness, abbot of, iii, 249 «
Furness, Ichabod, iv, 258 ; Jno. de,

v, 109 « ; Toby, v, 73 «~4 «, 126 n
Furnesse, Hen., iii, 252
Furnival, Jas., iii, 376; Thos., iv,

i8p«
Fustian manufacture, iii, 414; iv,

148, 151, 255, 281
Fye lands, see Five lands
Fyfield, iii, 148
Fyfnakes, iii, 444
Fylde, iii, 286

Gaddon, Maud, v, 220 n ; Will., v,

220 n

Gadsby, Rev. Will., iv, 249
Gaggs' Fields, iv, 272 n
Gahersteng, see Garston
Gaitskell, Isaac, v, 212
Gald, Will., v, 220 n
Gale, alias Simpson, — , iii, 337
Gale sparth, iii, 322 n
Galey, Will., iv, 189, 200 n
Galfhey, iv, 85 n
Galindo, Philemon A., v, 272
Gall Hill, see Gaw Hill
Galley Lane (Salford), iv, 207 »
Galloway, Emma, iv, 204 ; Jno., iv,

204
Gallows Acre (Warrington), iii,

3M*

Gallows Croft (Newton), iv, 141
Gallows Hill (Birtle), v, 174
Galpesch, iv, I38»
Galtley Wood, iv, 85 «
Galwathlands, see Galway
Galway (N. Meols), iii, 231 n
Gam, Einion, see Aughton; Will.,

iv, 130 n

Gamble, Sir Dav., iii, 375
Gamel, a thegn, v, 190 ; Rob., iii,

34 n

Gamelsley (Rivington), v, 292 »
Gamelsley, Rich, de, v, 287 «,

292 n ; Rog. de, v, 292 n ; Thos.

de, v, 292 n ; Will, de, v, 292 n
Gamelson, Alex., v, 273 n ; Ellis, v,

273 n ; Will, v, 273 n
Gardiner, Jas., iii, 82 «, 337
Gardner, Jos. S., iii, 215
Garner, Will., iii, 391
Garnerii, Arnold, iii, 3 1 1 n
Garnet, Hen., iii, 370 n ; Jas., iii,

371 «; Joan, v, 183; Jno., iii,

371 «; Rich., iii, 340, 347,

371 n ; Rob., iv, I3O« ; Rog., iii,

370 « ; Sim., iii, 371 ; Will., iii,

371 »; iv, 324 n; v, 1 83-4 «
Garnet Acre, iv, 207 n

Garrett (Manchester), iv, 178, 240,.
253-4 n ; Hall, >", 240, 253 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Garrett (Tyldesley), iii, 442 ; Hall,
iii, 82 «

Garrett, Rev. Chas., iv, 49 « ; Geo.
H. St. P., v, 9, 25 ; Thos., iii,
225, 290 n

Garstang, iii, 120, 395 #; Bridge,
iii, 1 60 «

Garston, iii, i, 2, 102-4 w, io8«,
119-20, 125, 131, 135 «, 203 ; iv, I,
38 ; adv., iii, 124 ; chap., iii, 102,
104 «, 107, 123 «-4, 127-8, 135;
char., iii, io8#; ch., iii, 127;
crosses, iii, 121 ; docks, iii, 121 ;
fishery, iii, 121-2 n ; Hall, iii,
104 «, 125, 128; man., iii, 121,
126, 203 ; Mill, iii, 122 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 128 ; riv. of, iii, 125 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 128

Garston, Id. of, iii, 127

Garston, Ad. de, iii, 115, 122-3,
126-7,- iy» ion; Alan de, iii,

1 23 n ; Alice (de), iii, 1 22 #-3 »,

125, 127 n; Ellen de, iii, 122,

124 n ; Geo., iii, 26 ; Hawise de,
iii, 122 n ; Hen. de, iii, 115, 122 n,

126, 143 n ; Jno. de, iii, 122, 125,
127 «, 131 «; Kath. de, Hi, 124 « ;
Marg. de, iii, 26; iv, ion;
Margery de, iii, 122 #-3 «, 126 n ;
Maud de, iii, 123 ; Rich, de, iii,
122-3 ) Rob. de, iii, 122-4 n ', Rog.
de, iii, 124 « ; Sibota de, iii, 122,
124 «; Sim. de, iii, 122-4, I3I n >
Will, de, iii, 123^, 143 «, 145 n

Garswood, iv, 123-4, 137, 142,
146 n ; Hall, iv, 145 n ; man., iii,
436 ; iv, 145 n-6 n ; Pk., iv, 142 ;
Rom. Cath., iv, 148

Gartemoss, iii, 445

Garthall Houses (Pendleton), iv,

395 «

Carton, Cath., iii, 347 n; Jno., iv,
136 ; Rich., iv, 131 n

Gartside (Butterworth), v, 213 #-14

Gartside (Crompton), v, no

Gartside, Ad. (de), v, 191 n, 214 n ;
Agnes, v, 204 n ; Alice, v, 208 » ;
Andr. de, v, 214 n; Anne, v,
208 « ; Edusa de, v, 214 n ; Fran.,
v, 147 n; Gabriel, v, 189, 204 »,
208 n ; Geoff, de, v, 214 n ; Hen.
(de), v, 208 «, 214 n ; Isabel, v,
204 «, 208 n ; Jas., v, 203-5 ni
207 #-8 «, 2io», 214 n ; Jno., iv,
264 «, 308, 361 n; v, 253-4;
Josiah, v, 20 1 ; Lugeria de, v,
214 n ; Margery, v, 204 n ; Nich.,
iii, 189 n; Rich, de, v, 214 n;
Rob. (de), v, 214 n, 253 n ; Rog.,
v, 148 n, 178 «, 204 n, 2ion,
•214 n ; Sam., v, 208 n ; Susanna,
v, 196, 208 n ; Will, de, v, 214 n ;
fam., v, 208 n

•Gartside-Tipping, Hen. T., v, 253

Garvey, Sir Hen., iii, 136

Gascoigne, Thos., iii, 38 n

•Gascoyne, Bamber, iii, no, 117,
146, 362 ; v, 38 «, 284 ; Sir Crisp,
iii, no; Gen. Isaac, iii, 176, 366;
Mary, iii, no, 176

'Gascoyne-Cecil, see Salisbury, mqs.
of

Gaskell, Ad., v, 176 n; Benj., iii,
429 ; v, 23 ; Chas. G. M., iv,
406 ; v, 23 ; Dan., iv, 404, 406 ;
Mrs. [Eliz. C.], iv, 252 ; Holbrook,
iv, 535 Jas., iv, 406 n ; Lawr., iv,
406; Nath., v, I37«; Nich., v,
67 n ; Thos., iv, 272, 334 ; Will.,
iv, 250 ; fam., iv, 406

Gaskell Pk., St. Helens, iii, 375 n

Gaskill, Pet., iii, 328

Gaskin, Thos., iii, 217 n

Gastrell, Rev. Fran., iv, 81 n ; Jane,
iv, 8 1 n

Gatclifif, Jas., iv, 279

Gateacre, iii, 109, 117, 150; chap.,
iii, lo8«, 130 »; Nonconf., iii,
117

Gatecotefield, iv, 240 n-i n

Gateforth, v, 264 n

Gateways and Gatehouses, iii, 39 ft,
137, 150, 327; iv, 4, 385-8; v,
32-3, 205, 215, 298

Gathorne, fam., iv, 241 n

Gathurst, iv, 89

Gatley Ford, iv, 293 n

Gatley, Jas., iii, 419

Gatliff, Jno., iv, 297

Gaunt, John of, iii, 6 », 223 «,
335 «; iv, 8, 127 n\ v, 71 «, 90;
see also Lancaster, dk. of

Gaunt, Jno., iv, 68 n

Gautley, iv, 83

Gauxholme, v, 230;;

Gaveston, Piers, iii, 277 ; v, 89 n

Gavv Hill, iii, 284

Gawen, Agnes, iv, 395 n ; Eliz., iv,
395 «; Ellen, iv, 395/2, 399 «;
Hen., iv, 395 «; Jno., iv, 390 «,
395«-6«; Kath., iv, 395 n;
Margery, iv, 395 n ; Rich., iv,
395 n ; Thurstan, iv, 395 « ; Will.,
iv, 395 n-6 n ; fam., iv, 395

Gayer, Anne, iv, 128 n; Sir Rob.,
iv, 1 28 n

Gay lor, Chas., iv, i8o«

Gaythorn, iv, 241, 335

Gee, — , iv, 136; Chas., iv, 200 «,
334 n ; Edm., iv, 14, 243 n ; Edw.,
iv, 243 n ; Eliz., iv, 243 « ; Geo., iv,
272 ; Jno., iv, 243 n ; Jos., iv,
243 n ; Ralph, iv, 243 n ; Rob., iv,
165 ; fam., iv, 243

Gefferson, Rich., v, 52 «; Rob., v,
52*

Geld Grass (Aughton), iii, 304 n

Genour, Will, le, v, 232 n

Genredewood, v, 230

Gentle, Thos., iv, I36«

Genyon, Jno., v, 302 »

Geoffrey the Sheriff, iii, 5

Geoffreyson, Thos., iv, 206 n

George I, iv, I97«

George III, iii, 269, 342 ; iv, 33

George Croft, iv, 207 n

Georgeson, Geo., iii, 352 n

Geral i's Well (Lathom), iii, 250 n

Gerard of Brandon, Ld., Chas., v,
248 « ; see also Macclesfield, earl
of

Gerard of Brynn, Ld., (Baron), iii,
372 ; iv, 85, 123, 132 n; Fred. J.,
iv, 146 ; Rob. T., iv, 146 ; Will.
C., iv, 146

Gerard of Gerard's Bromley, Ld.,
(Baron), Digby, iii, 196 ; Thos.,
iii, 434 «, 446

Gerard, Ad., iii, 13 n; Agnes, iv,
82 n, 116 n ; Alex., iv, 103 n ;
Alice, iv, 104 n, 143 n ; Anne, iii,
ngn, 233, 446; iv, 103, 112,
i44«-6w, 170 «; v, 166 » ;
Barbara, iii, 303 « ; Bridg., iv,
I7o«; Caryll, iv, 104 «, 170^;
Cecily, iii, 283 n ; iv, 103 n, 114 «,
143-5; Chas., iv, 104 n; Sir
Chas., iii, 183, 195-6, 237 ; see
also Macclesfield, earl of;
Charlotte, iii, 196 ; Clare, iv,

340

Gerard (cont.}

ijon; Cuth., iii, 294 »; iv,
145 n ; Dorothy, iii, 303 n ; iv,

145 n ; Douce, iv, 143 ; Edm., iv,
103 n ; Eliz., iii, 196, 285, 294 «,
368 «, 408, 437 n ; iv, 81 «, IO3«-
4, io8«, I44«~5«; v, i68«,
267 n ; Ellen, iv, 102-4 n> I J9 w»

146 « ; Frances, iii, 73 ; Gilb., iii,
263 « ; iv, 103 «, 145 n ; v, 60 »,
i66«; Sir Gilb., iii, 70, 195,
381 «, 446; iv, 137 «, 144, 240 n,
358 n ; v, 5 n ; Godfrey, iii, 303 « ;
Grace, iii, 293 «, 303 « ; iv, 88 «,

103 n~4 n ; Hen., iv, 114 n, 135 n ;
Hugh, iv, 103 «; Isabel (la), iv,

104 «, 143 «; Jas., iii, 6 «, 369;
iv, 104 n; Jane, iv, 104 «, 124,

144 n ; v, II ; Joan, iii, 210, 263 «,
368 n, 372 ; iv, 143-4 n ; Jno., iii,
54 », 343 « 5 iv, 86, 102-3, 1 19 n,
143-6, 380 «; Sir Jno., iv, 146;
Kath., iii, 368 «, 372 n ; iv, 144 n ;
Lawr., iv, 103 « ; Lionel, iii,
293 n, 303 ; iv, 146 n; Marg., iii,
301, 304 ; iv, 104 ; Margery, iii,
263 n, 373 n ; iv, 139 », 143-4 « ;
v, 22 n ; Mary, iv, 85 », 103-4,

145 w, I7o«; Maud, iii, 33 «,
53-4«, 210, 212 w, 343 «, 372 n;
Miles, iii, 241 n, 246, 303, 337 « ;
iv, 70, 88 n, 103-5, H9 n> I21 nt
146 n; v, n, 267 n; Nich., iv,
139 «, 147 ; Paul, iii, 303 ; Pene-
lope, iii, 196 ; Pernell, iii, 303 « ;
Pet., iii, 48 n, 241 n, 246, 263 »,
303, 368 «, 372 «; iv, 105, 143-
4 #,146 n ; v, 267 n ; Sir Pet., iii,
54 n, 210, 368 w; iv, 79 «, 143 ;
Piers, iv, 125 ; Sir Piers, iii,
303 «; Radcliffe, iii, 183, ig6u;
Ralph, iv, 104 n, 1 14 n ; Rich., iv,
62, 103-4, 1 19 », 122, 145 «, 170;
Rob., iv, 103 «, 143 n~4 n ; Sir
Rob., iv, 86 ; Rob. Cansfield, iv,

146 ; Rob. Clifton, iv, 146 ; Rog.,
iv, 103 n ; Seth, iv, 103 n ; Thos.,
iii, 48 «, I34«, 210, 233, 263 n,
285-6 «, 301, 303 ; iv, 58, 65, 8l n,
102-4 «, II9«-2O«, 122, 131 n,
144 n, 146, 170; v, 164 n; Sir
Thos., iii, 25, 54, 134 «, 218, 283,
343 «, 364 «, 368 », 372-3 «, 376-
7 n, 403 «, 417, 437 n ; iv, 79, 102,
112 w-13 », 143-7, 240 n, 358 n ; v,
166 n ; Will., iii, 33 «, 53-4 «, 134,
210, 212 «, 294 n, 368 «, 372,
388 «; iv, 62«, 102-4, H2-I3»,
143-4 «, 146, 383«; v, II «; Sir
Will., iii, 306, 376, 417 », 424;
iv, 8s«,ios, n9«, 124, 145, 147;
fam., iii, 53, 82, 104 n, 125, 188,
361, 368; iv, 88, 106, 114, 119,
170

Gerard's Hall, iii, 285, 291, 303

Gerard's Bromley, iv, 143

German, Thos., v, 45 n ; Will., iv,
89 n

German Evangelical Ch., iv, 49

Germon, Rev. N., iv, 204 «

Gernet field, iii, 408 n

Gernet, Ad., iii, 408 n ; Benedict, iii,
42 n, 132, 349; Eliz., iv, io8«;
Emma, iii, 371 ; Geoff, iv, 151 n,
168 ; Jno., iii, 15 «, 28 n ; iv, 43 « ;
Mabel, iii, i88«; Quenilda, iii,
46 «, 288 «, 295 ; Rich., iii, 15 n;
Rog., iii, 46 «, 53, 67 n, 132, 283,
288 n, 295, 408 n ; iv, 404-5 « ; v,
112; Vivian, iii, 192, 283, 348,

INDEX

•Gernet (cont.)

371 ; Will., iii, 42 ft, 188 n, 201 ; iv,

108 n ; fam., iii, 132, 283, 377
Gernons, Ranulf, see Chester, earl

of

Gerrarde, Jas., v, 156
Gerstan, Gerston, (Childwall), see

Garston

Gerstan (Onnskirk), iii, 262 n
Gerstan, Ad. de, iii, 147
Gervase, Will., iii, 223 n
Gervaseneld, iii, 145 n, 147
Gettern, Hey, iii, igdn
Gettern Mere, iii, 192, 238 n
Gholmerscliff, v, iio«
Gibb, Hen., v, 297
Gibbons, Gabriel, iv, 209 n ; Kath.,

iv, 209 n
Gibbonson, Jno., iv, 209 n ; Rich.,

iv, 209 n
Gibhey, iv, 98 n
Gibson, Arth., iii, 89 n ; Chris., iii,

245 ; Jno., iii, 62, 128 ; Bp. Matth.,

iii, 291 ; iv, 78 «, 1 1 1 n ; Thos. E.,

iii, 208
Gidlow, iv, 68, I2O« ; Hall, iv, 120,

I22«

Gidlow, Agnes, iv, I2O«; Amice,
iv, 1 20 n ; Anne, iv, 1 20 n ; Cecily,
iv, 1 20 n ; Ellen (de), iv, 1 20 n-i n ;
Jas., v, 302 n ; Joan, iv, 121 n ;
Jno. (de), iv, n6«, 120 n ; Ralph,
iv, u6«, \2on-i n ; Rich, de, iv,
I2O«; Rob. (de), iv,iO3 «, 120-1 n;
v, 239 n ; Rog. de, iv, 1 20 n ;
Thos., iv, 121-2; Will, de, iv,
I2O« ; fam., iv, 120

•Gifforth House (Prescot), iii, 362

Giglis, Jno. de, v, 28 n

-Gilbert, the Cook, iii, 114 «; the
Goldsmith, iii, 258 n; the Horse-
keeper, iii, 409 n ; the Tailor, iv,
164 #

Gilbert, Jane, iv, 218 n; Jno., iv,
381 ; Nich., iv, 218 n ; Rob., see
London, bp. of

>Gilbody, Benj., v, 1 1 1 n ; Rich., iv,
207 n ; Rob., v, 148

Gilda Brook, iv, 392-3 n

Gilclart, Blackburne, iv, 88 n ; Jno.,
iv, 88 n ; Sophia, iv, 88 n

Gildenaver Ford, see Gilda Brook

Gildenhaleford, iv, 370 «

•Gi'.dhouse(s) (Lydiate), iii, 201-2,
205 n

Gildhouse, Elias de, iii, 202 ; Rich,
de, iii, 202 » ; Rob. de, iii, 202 n

Gildhouses (Walton), iii, 24 «-j n

•G;ldhouses, the, (Withington), see
Healdhouses

Gildhouses, Eliz. de, iii, 202 »

Gi'ead, Balm of, a famous medicine,
iii, 12 n

Giles, Ant., iv, 207 n

-Gilibrond, Ad., iii, 447 ; Cath., iii,
447 ; Chas., iii, 447 ; Hen., iii,
447 ; Hugh, iii, 447 ; Humph., iii,
447 ; Jno., iii, 447 ; Marg., iii,
447-8 n ; Margery, iii, 447 ; Nich.,
iii, 447 ; Ralph, iii, 448 ; Rich.,
iii, 447 ; Rob., iii, 447 ; Rog., iii,
447 ; Thos., iii, 448 ; Thurstan,
iii, 447 ; see also Gillibrand

•Gill, Hen., iii, 59 n ; Jno., iii, 117 n;
Jno. R., iii, 55; Martha, v, 291 ;
Rob., iii, 55 n

Gi'lar's Green, iii, 362-3 ; colliery,
iii, 362

Gille, Jno., iii, 89 ;/

•Gilleridings, iii, 380 n

Gilleson, Jno., iii, 116 n

Gilliam, Jane, iv, 272 n ; v, II3«;
Jno., iv, 201 «, 237 «, 272 n, 282,
288 ; v, 1 13 n ; fam., iv, 272, 310 «

Gillibrand, Ad., iv, II3«; Cicely,
iv, 1 13 n ; Ellen, iv, 162 n ; Hen.,
see Fazakerley ; Hugh, iii, 239 n ;
Jno., iv, 82 «, 107 n, Ii2«-i3«,
149 n, 162 n ; Jonathan, iii, 419;
Jos., iii, 347 n ; Juliana, iv, 82 «,
149 n, 152 «; Lucy, iv, H3«;
Margery, iv, 113 n, 155, 162 «,
166 n ; Rich., iii, 244, 419 «; iv,
1 13 « ; v, 274 n ; Rog., iv, 113 «,
130 n ; Thos., iii, 161 n ; iv, 212 n;
v, 302 n ; Thos. H., iii, 30 « ;
Will., iii, 312, 4ig«;iv, 50-1,
113 n, 155, 162 «, 166 n ; see also
Occleshaw, Will, de ; fam., iii,
30 «, 389 n, 419 n ; see also
Gilibrond

Gill Moss, iii, 13, 15 «, 19, 72 «

Gilnough, see Gilnow

Gilnow, v, 237, 243, 251

Gilpin, Jer., v, 240

Gipps, Thos., v, 126

Girardot, Rev. Jean B. A., iv, 51 « ;
Jno., v, 49 n

Girdlestone, Edw., v, 4

Gisburne, monastery of, v, 239 n

Gladen Croft, iv, 256 n

Gladstone, Sir Jno., iii, 43 «, 98 ; iv,
47-8 n; Robertson, iii, 175 ; Rev.
Steph. E., iii, 43 «, 98 ; iv, 45 ;
W. E., iv, 45, 223

Glaister, Thos., v, 242 n

Glaseborke, see Glazebrook

Glass, iii, 61, 131, 139, 147, 187,
288, 390, 405 n ; iv, 96, 191, 215,
221, 227, 248 n, 300, 320-1, 347,
402; v, 1 8, 50, 64, 154, 156-7,
203, 224, 272, 278

Glass works, iii, 355, 375 ; iv, 132

Glasshouse (Haughton), iv, 322

Glassites, iv, 49

Glazebrook, iii, 316 n, 334; man.,
i"> 335> 337~8 ; Nonconf., iii, 340

Glazebrook, R., iii, 334, 431, 445;
iv, 107 n, in, 113 n, 122, 156,
159 », 352, 363 ; mill on, iv, 160 n

Glazebrook, Agnes de, iii, 339 n ;
Alice de, iii, 339 n ; Beatrice de,
"i> 339 n> Edith de, iii, 338 n ;
Emmota de, iv, 207 n ; Geoff, de,
iii, 338 n ; Gilb. de, iii, 339 n ;
Hen. de, iii, 335 n, 338 n-g n ; iv,
151 n-2 n ; see also Byrom, Hen.
de ; Jno. K., iii, 215 ; Maud de,

J»> 339 « »' Rich- de> »i» 335 «i

338 n-g n ; iv, 152 ; Rob. de, iii,

339 ; Thos. K., iii, 234 «, 307 ;
Will, de, iii, 339 n

Glazebury, iv, 131 «, 156; ch., iv,
165 ; Nonconf., iii, 421 ; iv, 165

Gleast, Edw., iv, 122 ; Eleanor, iii,
1 1 ; Jno., iii, 393 n

Gledeyard, iv, 207 n

Gledhock, iii, 443 n

Glendower, Owen, iii, 405

Glest, iii, 158 «, 175, 362, 366, 400 «

Glest, Ad. de, iii, 366-7 n ; Agnes
de, iii, 366 n, 378 « ; Beatrice de,
iii, 363 «, 366 n ; Ellis, iii, 366 ;
Hen. de, iii, 366 ; Humph., iii,
366 ; Jas., iii, 366 ; Jno. (de), iii,
366 « ; Reg. de, iii, 366 n ; Rich,
de, iii, 366-7 n ; Rob. de, iii,
366-7 «, 399 n ; Rog. de, iii, 366-
7 n ; Thos. de, iii, 366, 378 « ;
Will, de, iii, 363 n, 366-7 n

341

Glodwick, v, 93-4, 98 «, 101, 119 «;

Brook, v, 96 n ; chs., v, 1 06 ;

man., v, 120 n ; Nonconf., v, 107
Glodwick, Ad. de, v, 94, 101 n ;

Agnes de, v, 101 n ; Jordan de, v,

101 n ; Rich, de, v, 101 n
Gloucester, dk. of, iii, 20 «, 57«,

290 n ; iv, 32 ; Rich., iii, 69 «,

182 ; v, 165
Glover, Anne, iii, 346 n ; Cornelius,

iv, 278 n ; Ellen, iii, 346 n ; Ellis,

iii) 371 5 Jas-> »i> 181 ; Jno., iv,

198 n ; v, 76; Pet., iii, 371;

Ralph, iii, 371 ; Thos., iii, 346 n,

367 n ; Will., iii, 346 «-8 «
Glove trade, iii, 261
Gnat, Nat Bank (Bamford), v, 176,

178 n

Gnype, Marg., iii, 428
Goat's foot (Beswick), iv, 281 n
Gobart, Anne, iv, 3 10 n ; Frances, iv,

3iow; Jno., iv, 3io»; Lucy, iv,

3io«
Goch, Rob., iii, 80 ; Margery, iii,

80 n

Goddart, Anne, iv, 329 n
Goderich clogh (Tyldesley), iii, 443 «
Godeve (c. 1066), iii, 209
Godfrey the Sheriff, iii, 23, 121
Godfrey, Sir Edm. B., iii, 392 «
Godithson, Rich., iii, 279 n
God monson, Aline, iii, I23«; Jno.,

iii, I23«; Kath., iii, I23»
Godplay (Todmorden), v, 232 «
God's Croft (Altcar), iii, 222
Goe Hill, seeGa.w Hill
Golborne, iii, 307 n ; iv, 122-3, I26 »,

I29«~3ow, 138 #-9, 141 n, 148,

153 n; v, 23 «; char., iv, 130;

ch., iv, 150; man., iv, io8w, 133,

148, 151 ; Nonconf., iv, 150 ; Pk.,

iv, 148 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 150
Golborne, Id. of, iv, 133 n
Golborne, Ad. de, iv, 149 n; Aug.

de, iv, 149 n ; Elias de, iv, 150 n ;

Humph., iii, 239 n ; Levota de, iv,

149 n ; Nathan, iv, 87 ; Ralph de,

iv, 149 n \ Thos. de, iv, 133 «,

I48«~9«, 151 ; fam., iv, 148-9
Goldelache, iii, 427
Golden, see Gooden
Goldenough, Rich., iii, 76 « ; Will.,

iii, 76 n

Golding, Jno., iii, 94 n
Goldrunsnape, v, 1 86 n
Goldsbrough, Thos. de, see Durham,

archd. of
Goldsmith, Edm., iv, 207 «, 209 n ;

fam., iv, 174 n
Goledene, Ad. de, v, 1 10 n ; Eve de,

v, now; Hugh de, v, 1 10 «
Gollin, Jno., v, 142 « ; Nich., v,

142 n ; Ralph, v, 142 n
Gollinrod, Gollinroyd, v, I2g«, 141-

2, 146 n

Golty, — , iv, I28«
Golynrode, Nich. de, v, 142 «
Gomez, Pet., see Sabines, card. bp.

of the

Gomme, — de, iv, 22
Goodall, Edw., iii, 344, 346 ; Will.,

iii, 125 n

Gooden, v, 138 «, 170, 173, 222 n
Gooden, Ad. de, v, 137 n ; Alice de, v,

1 73 n; Dorothy, iv, 396 n; Edm., iv,

362 «, 395 n-6n ; Ellen, iv, 396 n;

Eve de, v, 13? n ; Hugh de, v,

I37«, I73«»" Isabel, iv, 395 «;

Jane, iv, 395 n ; Janet, iv, 395 n ;

Jno., iv, 396 n ; Lieut., iv, 396/2 ;

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Gooden (cent.)

Pet., iv, 393, 396 « ; Rich, (de), iv,
396 « ; v, 137 n ; Thos., iv, 220 n,
396 «; Will.de, v, 138 «, 173 »;
fam., iv, 395 ; v, 173 n
Gooden's Warth, iv, 220 n
Goodier, Jos., iv, 404
Goodison Park, Walton, iii, 23 *
Goodlaw, see Gidlow
Goodleys Mere, see Black Mere
Goodrich Brook, v, 30 n
Goodrich Castle, iv, 280 n
Goodsteele, iv, 207 n
Goodwin, Rich., v, 74, 181 «, 240,

243 #, 251, 269 ; Sam., v, 74 «
Goodwin Fold (Harwood), v, 269
Goodyear, Anne, iv, 243 « ; Eliz., iv,
243 n; Ellen, iv, 243 «, 245 n;
Hen., iv, 243 n ; Kath., iv, 253 n ;
Marg., iv, 243 n ; Mary, iv, 243 n ;
Rob., iv, 243 n, 245 « ; Thos., iv,
243 «, 253 n ; fam., iv, 243
Goodyer, Rob., iv, 292 « ; Thos., iv,

260 «-i «, 292 n
Goolden, see Gooden
Goore, Ellen, iii, 226 « ; Jno., iii, 191
Goose Coat Hill (Turton), v, 243 «
Gooseford-syke, see Gorsuch
Goose Green (Pemberton), iv, 78-9 ;

sch., iv, 83

Gooseholme, v, 221 #, 225 n
Gooselache, iv, 292 «, 303 n
Goose Lane, v, 206
Goosnargh, iii, 160 n ; v, 31 n
Goosnargh, Thos. de, iv, 21 in
Gore, the, (Altcar), iii, 223-4 n
Gore, Edw., iii, 183, 224 ; Hen., iii,
224 n; iv, 1 86; Jno., iii, 239;
Margery, iii, 218; Rob., iii, 218 ;
iv, 250 ; Thos., iii, 85
Gore-Booth, Rev. Hen. F., iv, 215-
16; Jno., iv, 208 n-g n ; Sir J. A. R.,
iv, 216 ; fam., iv, 209 n
Gore Brook, iv, 271, 275-6, 288,
305 ; fishery in, iv, 230 n-in; see
also Rushbrook
Gorehouses, iii, 71 #, 222 n ; 224 «-

5«

Gorhull, v, 58
Gorhull, Cecily de, v, 58 ; Geoff, de,

v, 58 ; Hugh de, v, 58
Goring, Lady, iv, 136 n
Gorse hey (Burscough), iii, 259 n
Gorsehurst, iii, 1 73 n
Gorsey hey (Aughton), iii, 304 n
Gorsiche Lache, v, 21 in
Gorsthill (Sefton), iii, 68 n, 74
Gorsthill, Alan del, iii, 74 n ; Hen.
de, iii, 97 n ; Jno. de, iii, 97 n ;
Thos. de or del, iii, 74 «, 97 n;
^ Will, de, iii, 97 n ; fam., iii, 74, 97
Gorsticroft, iii, 123^
Gorstifield, see Gorstilow
Gorstihill (Scarisbrick), iii, 266 «
Gorstihill, fam., see Gorsthill
Gorstill, Will, de, iii, 34 «
Gorstilow, iv, 98 «, 101 n
Gorstilow, Rich., v, 198
Gorsty acre, iii, 322 n
Gorsuch, iii, 193 «, 265, 272 ; Cross,

iii, 265 n ; Hall, iii, 274 «
Gorsuch, Ad. de, iii, 272-3 ; Agnes
(de), iii, 273, 366 «; Amota de,
iii, 273 n ; Anne, iii, 274 ; Cecily
de, iii, 273 ; Edw., iii, 274 ; iv,
I22«; Eliz., iii, 274 «; Ellis, iii,
366 « ; Emline, iii, 273 « ;
Emmota de, iii, 35 1 n ; Frances,
iii, 274 n ; Geo., iii, 274 n; Gertrude
F., iii, 385 ; Gilb. (de), iii, 170 «,

Gorsuch (cont.}

174 n, 266 «, 270, 273 ; Hen. de,
iii, 273 « ; Jas., iii, 257-8, 273-5 >
iv, 103 n; Jno. (de), iii, 273-4 ;
Marg., iii, 268, 273, 275 n ; Mar-
gery de, iii, 171 «, I74«, 273 «;
Maud de, iii, 270, 273 ; Nich., iii,
161 « ; Rob. de, iii, 273 ; Thos.,
iii, 15 «, 244, 257, 268, 273-4 »;
iv, 1 20 n ; Walt, de, iii, 273 ;
Will., iii, 15 «, 273 ; Winifred, iii,
274 n ; fam., iii, 239, 274 ; iv,
122 n

Gorton, iv, 174, I76«, 23O«-i«,
235 », 271, 275, 277, 303, 307,
319 «J v, 35 ; chap., iv, 178,
201 «, 264, 278, 3io#; ch., iv,
278 ; Hall, iv, 277 » ; v, 83 n ;
man., iv, 276; mills, iv, 276;
Nonconf., iv, 179 «, 203 «, 278-9 ;
sch., iv, 201 «, 203 « ; Yew Tree
Farm, iv, 275 n

Gorton, West, iv, 236 #, 276, 279 ;
ch., iv, 279 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 279
Gorton, Bottom of, see Gorton Brook
Gorton Brook, hamlet, iv, 276-7 n ;

Nonconf., iv, 279

Gorton, Ellen, v, 22 n ; Fran., iv,
277 «; Jas., iv, 122 n; Jno., iv,
266 «, 277 « ; Nich., iv, 277 « ;
Rich., iv, 278; Rob., iv, 121 n-
2 n ; Sam., iv, 277 ; Will., iv,
277 n

Goseburn, see Golborne
Gosford Syke, iii, 272 n
Gosnell, Rev. Jas., v, 241
Gosnorhill, v, logn
Gospatric(k), Id. ofHindley, iii, 248;

iv, 106-7
Goss, Alex., see Liverpool, Rom.

Cath. bp. of

Gossiche ditch (Halsall), iii, 199 «
Gotesbuyth, iv, 3l6«
Goth ers wick, iv, 230 n-i «, 244 «,

270 ; v, 28 «, 35
Gotherswick, Hugh de, iv, 241 n;

Rob. de, iv, 241 n
Gotisbucth, iv, 319
Goulborne, Jno., iii, 316 n
Goulburn, Nathan, see Golborne
Goulden, Dorothy, iii, 373 n ; Jno.,
i"> 373 n> iv, i^in-zn; Kath.,
iv, 142 n ; Mary, iii, 373 #-4 «;
Sarah, iii, 373 n • Thos., iii, 373«~
4«; iv, 141-2 n, itign-Jon;
fam., iv, 141 n ; see also Gooden
Goulding, Fortescue, iv, 141 n
Goushill, Joan, iii, 167 ; iv, 189
Gousill, Gousul, Dame Maud de, iv,
289 n ; Sim. de, iv, 293 «, 323 « ;
Sir Sim. de, iv, 292 n, 294
Gowborne, see Golborne
Gowyn, Ermeline, iv, I77»; Hen.,
iv, I77«; Jno., iv, 177 n; see
also Gawen

Goyt, the, (brook), iv, 83
Gragnethe, Sim. de, iii, 68 n ; Will.

de, iii, 68 «

Graham, Lancelot, iii, 52
Graine, v, 71 n

Grandison, Otho de, iv, 194, 348 «
Graner, Thos., iii, 314 «
Grange, Ad. del, iii, 351 « ; v, 21 n ;

Alice del, iii, 351 n
Grange Brook, iv, 106
Granke, see Crank
Grant, Chas., v, 144 « ; Dan., v,
144 ; Eliz., v, 144 n ; Isabella, v,
144 « ; Jno., v, 144 n ; Will, iv,
255 J v, 144, 149 « ; fam., v, 149 n

342

Grantham, Dorothy, v, 131 »j

Vincent, v, 131 n
Grappenhall (Ches.), iv, 327 n f

adv., iv, 152
Grassendale, iii, 120-1, 123, 125,

130*; ch., iii, 128; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 128

Gravel Hole, v, 173 ; ch., v, 174
Graveoak (Bedford), iii, 434
Graver, Jno., iv, 277 n
Gray, Andr.,v, 294 ; Rob. H., iii, 55.
Grayson, Dav., iii, 347 n
Greatbatch, Rev. Geo., iii, 52, 236
Greater Hey (Wigan), see Eicly ves
Great Haigh (Warrington), iii, 330
Great Moss, the, iv, 83, 1 78 n
Greatrix, — , v, 47

Greave, v, 207-8 « ; Clough, v, 206 «
Greave, Edm., v, 212 «; Jas., v,

221 n ; Ottiwell, v, 212 w, 221 n;

Sam., v, 207 «
Greaves, Edw., iii, 430 ; iv, 201 «,

272, 274, 287, 310 ; Jane, iii, 430;

iv, 272 n ; v, 1 13 n ; Jno., iii, 430,

433 J iv, 272, 362 », 371, 375 n ;
v, 1 13 « ; Jno. B., v, 95 « ; Mary,
iv, 37i «, 375 » ; Ralph, iv, 67 n ;
Thos., iii, 102 ; Will., v, 215 n>

234

Grede, Jno., v, 238
Gredley's Acre, iii, 1 25
Gredlow, Thos. (Jas.), iv, 278 n
Greek Ch., see Orthodox
Green, Ad. del, iii, 304 ; Ann(e), iii,.

425, 441 ; Ant., iii, 425 ; iv, 150 «;

v, 279 «, 286 n • Barbara, iv, 83 ;

Edw., iii, 425, 430, 441 ; iv, 67 n;

Eliz., iii, 39 »; iv, 5 1 n ; Ellen, iiir

430; Geo., iv, no; Guy, iv,

158 n; Hamlet, iv, 77 ; Jas., iii,

434 ; iv, 1 1 1 n ; v, 279 n ; Jane,
iv, I58« ; Jno. (del), iii, 304,434 ;
iv, lion; Lettice, v, 279 n ;
Marg., iv, 83, U3«; v, 279 «;
Pet., iii, 441 ; iv, 216 ; Ralph, iii,.
39 n; iv, 1 50 n ; v, 274 «, 279 ;
Randle, iii, 39 n ; Rich., iv, 122 ;
Sir Rich., iii, 144 n ; Sam., iii,
415; Rev. Sid. F., iv, 249;
Thos. (del), iii, 39 n ; iv, 5 1 «,
222 n, 373 n; Will., iv, 135,
1 86 ; fam., v, 279

Greenacres (Oldham), v, 92, 95 n,
97 », 99 «, 101 ; Moor, iv, 35 1 « ;
v, 98 » ; Nonconf., v, 68, 105 «,
107 ; Rom. Cath., v, 107

Greenacres, fam., v, 231

Greenall, Edw., iv, 170 ; Sir Gilb.,
iii, 365 ; Jno., iv, I7o« ; Pet., iii,
347 n; fam., iv, 168 ; see also
Greenhalgh, Greenhol, Greenol,
Grenol

Green Bank (Eccleston), iii, 362

Greenbank (nr. Rochdale), v, 190

Green Bank (Toxteth Pk.), iii, 41

Greenbcoths, v, 209 n, 211 n

Greendale, iii, 50 n

Greene, Alex., iv, 22 «, 178 n ; Angel-
ina F., v, 275 «, 280 ; Anna S., v,
275 n ; Arabella P. E., iv, 285 ;
Hen., iii, 409 ; Ireland, iii, no,
I24«,322«; Isaac, iii, 15-1672,
21, no, 112, 146,360; Jas., v,
274 «-5 ; Fr. Jno., iii, 1 75 « ; Mary,
iii, 15 n, no, 146 ; v, 275 ; Mor-
decai, iv, 274, 287 ; v, 275 ; Ruth,
iv, 223

Green End (Burnage), iv, 310

Greenfield, iii, 12

Greenforth, Jas., iv, 130 n

INDEX

Greenhalf (Aspull), iv, 1 19 *
Greenhalgh, cast., iii, 165 ft ; v,

297 n
Greenhalgh, Alice (de), v, 98 «,

i33-4», 147 «, 178*, 223 n;

Anne, iv, 220 « ; v, 134 ; Chris-

tabel, v, 147 n; Edm., v, 134 n,

146 n; Edw., v, 7 «, 269 n ; Eliz.,
v, 134; Fanny, v, 134 ; Geoff,
(de), v, 7», i33«-4», *47 » J
Hen. (de), iv, 2I9»-2O»; v,
133-4, 177 «-8«; Jas. (de), v,
7 «, 132 «-3 n, 135 n, 21 1 n, 242 »;
jane, v, 137 n, 179 « ; Jno. (de),
iii, 152 n; v, 66 n, 98 n, 123,
i25«-6, 131 n, i33«-4, r36«,
147 «, 158^, 178, 223 », 269 n;
Jonathan, v, 5 n; Mary, v, I34«,
178; Maudde, v, 133 «; Nath.,
v, 250 » ; Orlando, v, 134 « ; Pet.,
v, 269 » ; Ralph, v, 134 n ; Ray-
ner, v, 134 » ; Rich., v, 134,

147 n ; Rob. (de), v, 5 n, 133 «-4 n;
Thos., iv, 219 », 244 «, 269 ; v,
8«, i33-6«, 147 n, 21 in, 242,
250 « ; Thurstan, v, 134 « ; Will.,
v, 134 n ; fam., iv, 219 ; v, 133,
147 ; see also Greenall, Greenhol,
Greenol, Grenol

Green Hall (Atherton), iii, 437
Greenhaugh, Greenhough, see

Greenhalgh
Greenhead, iv, 277 n
Greenhearth (Aughton), iii, 299
Green Hey (Aughton), iii, 304 n
Greenheys (Chorlton), iv, 25 1-2 ;

ch., iv, 254 ; Nonconf., iv, 254
Green Hill, iii, 130
Greenhol, Anabel de, iii, 86 «, 90 ;

Margery de, iii, 90 n ; Ralph de,

iii, 86 «-7 «, 90 ; Will, de, iii,

87 «, 90 n; see also Greenall,

Greenhalgh, Greenol, Grenol
Greenhouse (Bootle), iii, 33 »
Greenhurst, iv, 339, 341 n
Greenhurst, Ellis de, v, 230 n ; Gilb.

de la, v, 255 n ; Jno. de, v, 232 n;

Rich, de, v, 232 n
Green Intake, v, 226»
Green Lache, iv, 87 »
Greenland (Scarisbrick), iii, 270 n
Greenlawmon, iv, 230 n
Greenlow, Thos., iv, 278 «
Greenlow Heath, iv, 254, 278, 308 n
Greenlowlache, iv, 292 n
Greenlow, Grindlow, Marsh (Cross),

iv, 200 n, 252^, 276-7
Green Mount (Harpurhey), iv, 270
Green Mount (Tottington), v, 143
Greenoe, Ellen, iii, 347 n
Greenol, Ad. de, iii, 282 n ; Gilb. de,

iii, 80 n, 282 n ; Hen. de, iii, 80 «;

Margery de, iii, 80 n ; see also

Greenall, Greenhalgh, Greenhol,

Grenol

Greenollers, Rich, de, v, 282 n
Greenough, Edw., iii, 354 ; Jos., iii,

347 n ; Rob., iii, 430 ; see also

Greenhalgh
Greenside, iv, 282
Greenwich, man., v, 191 n
Greenwich, East, man., iv, 90 »,

135 », 281 n ; v, 267 «, 302 n
Greenwood, Hannah, v, 232 ; Dr.

J. G., iv, 184

Greetby, iii, 251 », 254, 296 n ; Hill,
iii, 258, 261 ; Mill, iii, 263-4^
380 n; Wood, iii, 255 n, 259 n
Greetby, Rob. de, iii, 255 n ; Walt,
de, iii, 255 n

Greg, — , iii, 375 H ; Jno., ir, 327 ;
Rob. H., iv, i87«, 327 ; Sam.,
iv, i87«; Will. R., iv, 187

Gregge, Benj., v, 97 n ; Edw., r,
137 «; Eliz., v, 97 «; Jane, v,
I37n'> J°s-» v> 97 n> Martha, v,
97 n; Rob., v, 137 n; Will., v, 240 ;
fam., v, 97 ; see also Hopwood

Gregory IX, pope, iii, 153 », 243

Gregory, Alice, iv, 390 n ; Arth. T.,
v, 45 ; Geo., v, 55 n ; Hen., v,
55 »; Hugh, iii, 440 n, 448 ; Jane,
iv, 164 »; v, 137 «; Jno., iii, 448;
iv, 390 «; v, 55«-6; Pet., v,
45 « ; Ralph, iii, 429 « ; Rob., iii,
448 ; v, 55 « ; Thos., v, 55 n ;
Will., iii, 2 «, 448 ; iv, 392 n ; v,
55 »; fam., v, 55

Gregory's Land, see Shackshots

Gregson, Jas., iii, 419; Jno., iii,
256 ; Jno. S., iv, 186 ; Matth., iii,
i88« ; iv, 34 ; Dom. Vincent, iii,
74 ; Will., iii, 59 n

Grelley, Grelle, Agnes, iv, 365 ;
Alb., iii, 109, 249, 394 j iv, 97, 192,
265, 271, 277, 282 », 324, 340-1 «;
v, 23 «, 263; Ellen, iii, I2g»;
iv, 254 « ; Emma, iv, 97, 265 ;
Gilb., iii, 115, 129 n; Hawise, iv,
324 «, 344 « ; Herb., iii, 105, 105 n,
127; iv, 242 n ; Isabel, iii, 116, 129;
Joan, iii, 129; iv, 230, 252 n;
Jno. (de), iii, 129, 133;*, 148, 175;
iv, 252-3 «, 259 «-6o », 331, 365 n;
Loretta, iv, 365 «-6 ; Marg., iv,
259 n ; Pet., iii, 104 «, 395 n ;
iv, 348 «, 365 n; Ralph, iv,
277 »; Rob., iii, 104, 129,
144, 394»-5«; iv, 200, 230 «,

241 «, 252, 254«, 200«,

273, 282, 287, 315, 324, 340,
348 «, 359 «, 365-6 ; v, 7 n, 10 «,
35, 51 n ; Thos., iii, 104, 129,
395 * 5 iv> 98 «, 230, 252 «, 259 »,
273 «> 348, 365 «, 370 » ; v, 7 «,
269 n ; fam., iii, 125 ; iv, 174,
230, 252

Grenclowlache, see Greenlowlache

Grene, Matth., iii, 425 n ; Rich., iii,
425 »

Grenehalgh, see Greenhalgh

Grenlaw More, iv, 254 n

Grenloe, — , iii, 1 19 «

Grenol, Grenoll, Rob. de, iii, 1 10 ;
see also Greenall, Greenhalgh,
Greenhol, Greenol

Gresham, Sir Rich., iv, 62 n

Gresse, Geo., iii, 393 n ; Hugh, iii,

393 «

Gresselond Dale, see Grassendale
Greswell, Rev. Rich., iv, 322 n ;

Will. P., iv, 322
Greve, Alan del, iii, 263 « j Rich.

del, iii, 263 n
Greves, Rich., iii, 107 ; Rob., iii,

106-7

Grewinton, see Cronton
Grewinton Halfsnede, iii, 392 n
Grey, Hon. Anchitel, iv, 350 ; Geo.

H., see Stamford, and Warrington,

earls of ; Harry (Hen.), iv, 343 n ;

Lady Jane, iii, 162 ; Jno., iv,

343 n ; Kath., iv, 232 ; Lady

Kath., iii, 163; Will., iii, 90 n ;

see also Stamford, earls of
Grey de Wilton, Ld., iv, 155, 256,

263, 319; v, I7o«; Sir Thos.

Egerton, v, 60, 167
Grey of Groby, Ld., Geo. H. Booth,

iv, 343 »

343

Grey Friars (order), iv, 304 »

Greystone Heath, iii, 411

Gridlow, Isabel, iv, 336 « ; Jno., iv,

33<5»
Griffin, Edw., iv, 285 n ; Jno., iv,

23 1 », 246 n ; Mary, iv, 246 n
Griffith, iii, 267

Griffith, Alice, iii, 131 «, 296, 303
Dav. (ap), iii, 131 »; iv, 13-14
Geo., v, 53 n ; Hugh, iv, 349
Jane, v, 191 n ; Jno., iv, 258 ; v
71, 74 ; Rob., iii, 131 n ; Will,
iii, 131 n

Griffith-Dearden, Jas., v, 191
Grimbald, Maud dau. of, iii, 339 n
Grime(s), Lawr., v, 132 n ; Oliver, v,

Grimsditch, Geoff., iv, 361 «; Hen.
de, iii, 363 n; Jno., iii, 311, 412 n;
iv, i63»; Juliana, iii, 412 w;
Magdalen, iv, 163 n; Will. de, iii,

3.63 «
Grimshaw, Geo., iv, 258 « ; Hugh,

iy> '65 ; Jas., iv, 67 n ; Jane, v,

214 «; Marg., iii, 101 #, 211 «;

Nich., v, 214 n; Rich., iii, 21 1 n ;

Rob., iv, 278 ; Thos., iii, 101,

211 n; v, 233; Will., v, 233;

fam., iv, 279 n
Grimshaw Brook, iv, 91
Grimshurst, iii, 158
Grimsley Carr, v, 207 n
Grimston, Chas., iii, 89 «, 364 n
Grindlestone Delph, quarry, iv, 67 n
Grindletonians (sect), v, 190
Grindlow, see Greenlow
Gringley, Alice de, iv, 318 n ; Will.

de, iv, 194 «, 318 », 348
Gripknots (Walton), iii, 50 «
Grisdale, Lowther, v, 280
Gristlehurst, v, 170 », 174
Gromerscroft, iv, 121 n
Grosvenor lands, iii, 135, 147 n
Grosvenor, Eleanor, Ctss., v, 82 ;

Rob., Earl, see Westminster, mqs.

of

Grosvenor, Sir Rob., v, 288 «
Grosvenour, Emma, iii, 444 ; Rob.,

iii, 444
Grove, Rebecca, iv, 394 ; Thos., iv,

394

Groves, Chas., iii, 22
Grubehead, Grubbehead, Grubhead,

Alice de, iii, 249 ; Sim. de, iii,

249, 265 ; v, 294 n
Grundy, Evan, v, 38 « ; Geo., v,

33 n ; Hen., v, 35 n ; Jno., iv,

250 ; v, 38 n ; Jno. C., v, 237 ;

Rob., v, 30 «, 38 n ; Will., iii,

426 ; fam., v, 137
Gryffyn, Hugh, iv, 349 n
Gubbie Croft, iii, 349 n
Gudelowe, see Gidlow
Guest, Jno., iv, 65 », 131 n, 164 n ; v,

5 «, 67, r 27, 1 60 «, 24 2 n ; Rob., iv,

164 ; Thos., iv, 164 n • v, 201 n ;

fam., iv, 164 n
Guide Bridge, iv, 339
Guilliam, Jane, v, 86 n ; Jno., v,

86 n

Guisborough Monastery, v, 239 n
Gulden, Guleden, see Gooden
Gunk, the, (Newton), iv, 133 n
Gunning, Sir Geo. W., iv, 64 « ; Sir

Hen., iv, 77 ; Sir Hen. J., iv, 64 ;

Sir Rob., iv, 64 n
Gunter, Marg., iv, 135 « ; Thos., iv,

135"

Gunthorp, v, 87 n

Gutter Twigg (Harpurhey), iv, 270 »

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Guy, Thos., v, 234

Gwent, Rich., iii, 7

Gwillym, Eliz., iii, 437 ; Jane, iii,
430 ; Jno., iii, 414 », 43° 5 Rich->
v, 30 «; Rob., iii, 424, 437;
Rob. V. A., see Atherton ; Will.,

»'» 437
Gwyn, Aug., iii, 345 ; Mary, iii,

346 n ; Will., iii, 345 n
Gwynedd, Owen, iii, 295
Gydelowe, see Gidlow
Gyliot Meadow, iii, 267 «
Gyll Cross, v, 214^
Gynour, Rich, le, iii, 410 n

H. the Clerk, iii, 105

Ha, see Haigh

Habergham Eaves, iv, 197 «

Habergham, Rob. de, v, 248 «

Hache, the, (Huyton), iii, I72«

Hache, Margery de, iv, 344 n ;

Will., see Ashton
Hacking, v, 265
Hacking, Christiana (de, del, or de

la), iv, 259 «, 331 «; v, u6«;

Will, (de, del, or de la), iv, 259 «,

331 «; v, 116 n
Hackinsall, v, 134 n
Hacomblene, Rob., iii, 344
Haddon, Jno., iii, 312; Pet., iv,

258 ; v, 240

Hades (Wardle), v, 215 #, 225
Hage, Hagh, Haghe, see Haigh
Hagencroft, iii, 62 «, 67 n
Hagg, iv, 256 n
Haggate, v, 112
Haghead (Halliwell), v, 19 n
Haghead (Horwich), v, "j n
Haghesmede, iii, 430
Haghon Meadow, iii, 42 n
Hague, Jno., iv, 277 «-8
Haidoc, see Haydock
Haigh, iv, 57-9 n, 69, 115; char.,

iv, 67 ; ch., iv, 1 18 ; Hall, iv, 115,

118; man., iii, 360, 424, 436;

iv, 115; v, 300-1 n; Receptacle,

the, iv, 67 ; sch., iv, 118
Haigh, Hugh de, iv, 115 ; v, 300 n;

Jos., v, 221 ; Mabel de, iv, u6« ;

Marg. de, v, 300 «; Thos., iii,

347 »

Haileybury College, foundation of,
iv, 197 n

Hailstorm Hill, v, 144

Hainshoot Meadow, iii, 222

Haisolf the Clerk, iv, 357 n

Hake, Ad. de, iii, 176 ; Hugh de,
iii, 176 ; Thos. de, iii, 176

Hakeshutts, iv, 373 n

Haldale, Alex, de, iii, 440

Hale, iii, 102-3, '05 », 131-5 «, 140,
150; iv, 92, 145 n; chant., iii,
144 «; chap., iii, 104 «~5, 145,
148-9 ; char., iii, 108 ; ch., iii,
149 ; ferry, iii, 140 ; ford, iii, 141;
Great Court of, iii, 141 ; Hall, iii,
16, 140, 147, 322 ; Head, iii, i ;
hey of, iii, 143 ; man., iii, i, 13 w,
24, no, 141, 144, 150; iv, 92 n-
3«, 163; mkt. and fair, iii, 102,
141, 143 ; mill, iii, 144 ; Point, iii,
140

Hale, Ids. of, iii, 144 #, 148

Hale, Ad. de, iii, 361 n ; Agnes de,
iii, 361 n ; Amina (Avina) de, iii,
330, 402 n ; Hen. de, iii, 24 n,
141-3, 145, 361 «; Jno.de, iii,
361 «, 402 n ; Mabel de, iii, 14*1,

Hale {cont,}

401 « ; Malin de, iii, 361 « ;
Margery de, iii, 402 n ; Maud de,
iii, 283 n ; Randle de, iii, 145;
Rich, de, iii, 147, 150, 402 «;
Rob. de, iii, 147, 402 n ; iv, 6;
Rog. de, iii, 123; Sim. de, iii,
150; Thos. de, iii, 14, 147, 330,
398 «, 401 n; Will, de, iii, 147,
1 70 n, 283 n, 36 1 «, 402 n

Halebank, iii, 146 #-7, 149 ; iv,
145 n; Nonconf., iii, 151

Halepool, iii, 147

Hales, see Hale

Haleshal, Haleshale, see Halsall

Haleshurst, iv, n8«

Halewell, see Halliwell

Halewood, iii, 102-3, io8«, 131,
135 «, 144 «, 146 », 149-51, 203 ;
iv, 145 n ; char., iii, 108, 346 n ;
ch., iii, 151 ; Green, iii, 149 ; man.
and Idshp., iii, 141, 143-4, 150-1,
i6o«, 16472-5 ; iv, 93 ; Peacock's
farm (New House), iii, io8«

Halewood, Marg., iii, 66 ; Pet., iii,
66

Haigh (Bolton), see Haulgh

Haigh (Butterworth), see Haugh

Haigh, the, (Ditton), iii, 402 n

Haigh, Agnes del, iii, 203 ; Anabel
del, iii, 203 ; Andr. del, v, 22O« ;
Hen. del, v, 296 n ; Isabel del, iii,
203, 216 n; Jno. del, iii, 203;
Rob., iv, 268 n ; Val., iv, 268 n ;
Will, del, iii, 203, 216 n ; fam., iv,
268 ; see also Hough

Halghton, Little, see Houghton,
Little

Halghton, Beatrice de, iv, 390 n ;
Cecily de, iv, I5O«; Elcock de,
iv, 150^ ; Elias de, iv, I5o#;
Eva de, iv, 150 n ; Hawise de, iv,
I5o#; Hen. de, iv, 150;*; Jno.
de, iii, 434 ; iv, 390 n ; Margery
de, iv, 390 «; Maud de, iv, 150
n; Nich., iii, 434; iv, 379 «,
390 n; Paulinus de, iv, 389 #-90 n;
Rich, de, iv, I5o#; Rob. (de),
iii, 314 «; iv, 150 «, 357«,390«;
Rog. de, iv, 150 #; Siegrith de,
iii, 434 ; Thos. de, iv, 390 n ;
Will, de, iv, I5o#; see also
Haughton and Houghton

Halghus carr, iv, I59«

Halifax, canal to, iv, 181 n

Haliwell (Ditton), iii, 402 n ; Brook,
iii, I77«, 395, 398»; Riding, iii,
398 n

Hall, Ann, v, 29 « ; Elias (Ellis), iv,
176 n ; v, 94 « ; Dr. Fran. R., iv,
1 86 ; Dr. Geo., see Chester, bp. of;
Hugh, iii, I23«; Jas., iii, 418;
iv, 258; Jno., iii, 424; iv, 287 «;
v, 75 «, 128 ; Dr. Jos., see Norwich,
bp. of; Lawr., v, 106, in«;
Rich., iv, 198 n; Rob., iii, 314 n ;
Sam., iv, 87 ; Sim. del, iii, 282 n ;
Thos. (del), iii, 18, 68 «, 282 «; iv,
165, 360 ; Will, (del), iii, 9, 424 ;
fam., iv, 287

Hallaclay, Will., iii, 59 n

Hallam, Rob. de, iv, 127;*

Hallaso Carr, iii, 197

Hall Carr, v, 150

Hall-de-Hill (Elton), v, I28«

Halle", Sir Chas., iv, 185, 252

Halle, Rich, del, iii, 2io«

Halleshale, see Halsall

Halley, Dr. Rob., iv, 250, 254 n

Hallfield, iv, 304 n

344

Hallfold, Nonconf., v, 212 «

Hallford, iii, 270 n

Hallgate, iv, 104 n

Hall i' th' Wood (Tonge), v, 255-9

Halliwell, iv, 231 n, 358 n, 397 n -r
v, i, 7«, io«-i2, I4«, 19, 249,
286 ; chs., v, 20 ; man., iv, 365 n;
v, 12, 14 «, 27 ; Nonconf., v, 20 j
Rom. Cath., v, 20 ; see Haliwell

Halliwell, Bessie, iv, 385 «; Eliz.,
v, 147 n', Gervase de, v, 138 «;
Hawise de, v, 138 n ; Hugh de, v,
low, 12, ig;/, 138 w; Jas., v, 189,
204, 227 «, 234 n ; Jno. (de), v, 106,
io8«, in, 147 «, 221, 227 w,
245 n ; Mary, iv, 223 n ; v, 227 n -f
Rich., v, 35 n ; Rob. de, v, io8w;
Thos., iii, 351 n ; v, 227 n ; Will.
de, v, 261 n ; Wimarkde, v, 138 «;
fam., v, 227

Hall Meadow, iv, 65 n

Hall Moreton (under-the-Hill), iii,
232

Hall-on-the-Hill, (Heath Charnock),
iii, 432

Hallops Hey, iii, 79

Hallowes, v, 206 n

Hallows, Sam., v, 179

Hall Road (Gt. Crosby), iii, 91

Hallstead, v, 206 n

Hall's Tenement, iv, 272 n

Hallum, Hawise de, iii, 321 n; Joan,
iii, 356 «; Marg. de, iii, 321 n ;
Rich, de, iii, 321 « ; Will, de, iii,
321 n

Hall Walsh, see Walsh Hall

Halsall, iii, i, 2, 57«, 59, 183, 188,
191, 219, 222, 267; adv., iii, 188,
I93«, 195-6; chant, iii, 63 «,

191, 206 ; char., iii, 191 ; ch., iii,
184, iSgw-gi «, 194 «~5 ; crosses,
iii, 192 ; Hall, iii, 192, 196 ; man.
and Idshp., iii, 51, 188, 192-3,
237, 269, 318 «; mills, iii, 196;
Moss, iii, 184 ; parsonage, iii,
191 n ; rectory house, iii, 192 ;
sch., iii, 184, 188, 191, 195,

359«

Halsall, Ad. de, iii, 377 «, 379 n ;
Agnes, iii, 191 n; Alan de, iii,

192, 202 «, 215, 377 ; Alice de, iii,
192; Anne, iii, 70^, 189, 195,
217 n, 294«;iv, 99 n; Ant, iii,.
94; CecJy de, iii, 377 n; Cuth.,
iii, 189-90, 195, 215, 239 ; Sir
Cuth., iii, 48-9^, 51, 183, 196 n-
7, 211 n, 237-8 w, 291, 423;
Denisede, iii, 193, 377 ; Dominic,
iii, 294; Dame Dorothy, iii,
162 n, 196 n; Edw., iii, 184, 188,
191, i94«-5. 293, 359«, 367«;
Eliz. de, iii, 194 ; Ellen, iii,
108 n ; Emma de, iii, 25, 29 «;
Emmot, iii, 191 «; Geo., iii,
286 n; Gilb. (de), iii, 29 n, 50,
72 «, 87 «, 183, 188-9, 193-5 r
197 n, 200, 202-3, 2°6, 2io«,
215-16, 237, 377 «; Sir Gilb. (de),
iii, 179, 189, 193 #-4, 205 ; Hen.
(de), iii, 2l«-2«, 47, 51, 186,
191, 193 #-5, 199 «, 201 n, 211,
216, 266 n, 294 n, 378, 405 n ; see
also Chester, archd. of, and Parr;
Sir Hen., iii,i6i n, 186, 189, 191-
2«, 194, 199, 206, 237, 267, 423;
v, I3O«; Heyrick, iii, 247 n;
Hugh (de), iii, 189, 191 «, 194,
237; Jas., iii, i88«, 190, 195,
199 «, 204 «, 21 1 «, 224 «, 239 ti,
286; Jane, iii, 162 n, 195, 211,

INDEX

Halsall (cont.)

294 n; Joan, iii, 54 n; Jno., iii,
i89«, 378; iv, yj\n;see also
Parr; K(C)ath., iii, 95, 193-4,
296 «, 364 n; Marg., iii, 186, 193-
4 ; Margery de, iii, 201 n ; Matth.
de, iii, I93«; Otes de, iii, 5i«,
ioi«, I79«, i88«, 193, 2oow,
202^-3,237; Rich, (de), iii, 25,
29 #, 51 n, i6i«, i88»-9i#, 193-
5, iggw, 215, 279 «, 377, 379 «,
381 n; Rob. (de), iii, 9, 5i#,
i88«~9, 194, 201 «-2, 215 «,
223 #, 232, 266 ; Siegrith de, iii,
279 «; Silvester, iii, 195; Sim.
de, iii, 192-3, 201 n-2n, 2i5~i6«,
296 n ; iv, 92; Siward de, iii, 193 n;
Thos. (de), iii, 188-90 «, 195, 200,
202, 206, 214-1 5 «, 224, 263 «,
279 «, 378 n ; see also Stanley ;
Sir Thos., iii, 195, 197 n, 199,
205, 2ii ; Ursula, iii, 195 «;
Will., iii, 21 «; fam.,iii, 28, 5o»-l,
214

Halshagh, Hen., iii, 363 n

Hal shale, see Halsall

Halshaw Moor, v, 34, 37 n ; ch., v,

38,41

Halsmeadows, iii, 35 1 n
Halsuead, iii, 351, 383 «, 392 «;

man., iii, 350, 352 ; Pk., iii, 176,

348

Halsnead, Ad.de, iii, 351; Emma
de, iii, 351 n; Jno. de, iii, 322 n,
349 «, 351 «; Ralph de, iii, 351;
Thos. de, iii, 322 «, 351; Will.,
iii, 342

Halstead, Esther, iv, 246 n ; Pet, iv,
362 n

Halstead Low (Walton), iii, 50 n

Halt, Eva de, iv, 344 n

Halt Heyve Wood, iii, 303

Halton, barony, iii, 53 ; cast., iii,
109, 387«-8«, 445; fee, iii,
154, 158, 387 ; hon., iii, 114, 154,
218, 394; man., iii, 394 n

Halton, barons (Ids.) of, iii, 114, 151,
158, 177, 215

Halton, Elias de, v, 26 « j Rob., in,
331 ; Rog. de, v, 26 n

Ham, Jas. P., iv, 250

Hambleton, iii, i6o«

Hamer, v, 225 ; ch., v, 200 ; Hall, v,
225

Hamer, Bernard, v, 234 n ; Deb., v,
non; Edm., v, 225 «; Ellis, v,
225 «; Giles, v, 225 «; Hen., v,
225 «; Jno., v, 189; Mary, v,
259 n ; Ralph, v, 225 n ; Rich., v,
284 « ; Rog., v, 284 n ; Sam., v,
lion, 179, 189, 225 n; Sam. H.,
v, 179 ; Thurstan, v, 145 n ; fam.,
v, 217, 225

Hamerton, Gervase, iv, 170 ; Jas., v,
287 n ; Jno., v, 230 ; Margery de,
v, 296 «; Phil. G., v. 108 ; Steph.
de, iii, 86 n ; v, 296 n

Hamilton, dchss. of, Anne, iii, 167 ;
Eliz., iii, 196 ; iv, 381

Hamilton, dk. of, iii, 306 ; iv, 69,
140 ; Jas., iii, 167, 196

Hamilton, Eliz., iv, 153**

Hammecroft Bank, iv, 260 n

Hammond, Hen., iii, 51, 291

Hamon the Nailer, Joan w. of, iii,
321 n

Hampole, nuns of, v, 211

Hampson, Edw., iv, 203 ; Geo., iii,
426 n ; Jas., v, 51 n ; Jno.,iv, 186;
v, 198-9

Hampsons, v, 251

Hampton, Hen. de, iii, 227;

Margery de, iii, 4672; v, 266 n ;

Rob. de, iii, 46 n ; v, 266 n, 269 n
Hampton Court Conference, Archbp.

Bancroft at, iii, 402 n
Hamstalsclough, v, 211 n
Hancockson, Rich., iii, 358 n; Rog.,

iv, 58 n
Handford, Thos., iv, 128 ; fam., iii,

150
Handforth, Anne, iv, 289 n; Hugh,

iv, 289 n; Jno. de, iv, 289 «;

Rich, de, iv, 289 n ; Will, de, iv,

303 »

Handle Hall (Hundersfield), v, 228
Handley (nr. Chester), man., iv,

Hangelan, iii, 50 n
Hanging Chadder (Thornham), v,
153 n, 161 n, 164 n, 174 ; colliery,

v, 173
Hanging Chadder, Jno. de, v, 174 »;

Rich, de, v, I74«
Hanging Ditch (Manchester), iv,

176^7 », 220 n

Hanging Load (Rivington), v, 291 n
Hankechirche, iv, 388 n
Hankinson, Ellen, iii, 367 « ; Mich.

A., see Port Louis, bp. of; Sam.,

iii, 155-6, 289, 291
Hanmer, Jane, iv, 393 «; Jno., iv,

393 «; Jos., iv, 391; Lady, v,

31 »; Sam., iv, 391 ; Sir Thos.,

v, 31 n
Hannecroft, Hanecroft, iii, 72 ; iv,

164 n
Hanneyard, iii, 282 n

Hanson, Jno., see Richmond, archd.

of-; Jonathan, v, 212
Happy Valley (Hundersfield), v,

222 n
Harbergh, Harbreck, Rog. de, iii,

27 n
Harbord, Harbord, v, 60 «; Mary,

v, 6o«, 167; Will. A., v, 167;

see also Suffield, Ld.
Harbreck, Rog. de, see Harbergh
Harbreck House (Fazakerley), iii, 29
Harcla, Isabel de, v, 59 « ; Jno. de,

v, 59 « ; Michael de, v, 59 n
Harcles How, v, 145 n
Harcourt, Dame Marg., iii, 436 ; v,

165 n ; Sir Rob., iii, 436 ; v, 165 n
Hardacre, iv, IO2«

Hardcastle & Co., iv, 89 n

Hardcroft, iii, 399 n

Hardehesel, Rich, de, v, 232 n

Harden Brook, v, 141

Harder, Jno., v, 230 «; Rich., v,
230 n ; Thos. , v, 230 n

Hardersley, iii, 325

Hardersollins, v, 7»

Hardesty, Fr., iv, 51

Hardhill, iv, 284 n

Harding, Dr., iv, 257 n

Hardman, Geoff., v, 79 n; Geo., v,
76«; Hen., iv, 274 «; Jas., iii,
130; v, 62 n; Jane, iii, 130 n;
Jno., iii, I27«, 130; iv, 66»,
274 n ; v, 62 n ; Lawr., v, 209 n ;
Rog., v, 62 «; Thos., v, 79 n,
209 « ; Will., iv, 274 n ; Sir Will.,
v, 124 ; fam., v, 62, 201 n

Hardman's Fold, v, 79 n

Hardman's Green, v, 79 n

Hardshaw (Oldham), v, 98 »

Hardshaw (Windle), iii, 31 «, now,
371, 373-4; chap., iii, 375 «;
Hall, iii, 374, 376 ; man., iii, 373;

345

Hardshaw (Windle) {cont.}
Man.-House, iii, 374 ; Rom. Cath.,
iii, 376

Hardsough Wood, v, 144

Hardsty, iii, 325, 403 n

Hardware, Thos., iv, 334 «

Hardwick (Derby), man., iv, 145

Hardy, iv, 297-8 ; see also Chorlton-
with-Hardy

Hardy, Rich., iii, 228 ; v, 4 ; Will.,
iv, 307 n

Hare, Alice le, iv, 243 « ; Jno. le, iv,
243 w

Harebergh, — , iii, 29 «

Harebrown, Jas., iii, 42 #-3 ; Thcs.,
iii, 112

Hareflynch, Lawr., iii, 101 n ;
Margery, iii, 101 n ; Thos., iii,
101 « ; see also Harflynch

Haregrevelond, iii, 330 n

Hare Horn Meadow, iv, 364

Harelache, iv, 374 n

Harestone, iii, 359 n

Harestoneshurst syke, iv, 283 «

Harewer, iii, 199

Harewode, see Harwood

Harewych, see Horwich

Harflynch, Jane, iii, 373 « ; Rich.,
iii, 373 » ; Rog., iii, 373 n ; fam.,
iii, 373 ; see also Hareflynch

Hargrave, Hawise de, iv, 139 «;
Hen. (de), iv, 139^

Hargraves, Rob., v, 233

Hargreaves, Hen., iii, 391 ; Jno.,
iii, 347 n ; Rob., v, 280

Harhum, iii, 14 «

Harker, Kath., iii, 97 n ; Thos., iii,
97 «, 199 ; fam., iii, 199

Harkirk, iii, 85

Harkles Hill, v, 143

Harkness, Rob., iii, 261

Harmonious Consent of the min-
isters of Lancaster, iii, 8 n, gn,
i8«, 149 «, 156, 190, 225 «,
228 », 291, 386 «, 419 n, 449 n ;
iv, 45 n, 136 n, 165 «, 196 n, 322 «,
350 n ; v, 4 «, 25 «, 45 «, 66 n,
105 n, 126 «, 198 », 240 «

Harper, Jno., iv, 109 n

Harland, Jno., iv, 185

Harleton (Bucks.), man., iii, 405

Harleton (Scarisbrick), iii, 194 «,
243, 251 «, 254-5 «, 260, 265, 270,
275 ; Brook, iii, 270 ; ford, iii,
249 «, 254 « ; Gate Cross, iii,
265 n ; Hall, iii, 265 «, 271 ; man.,
iii, 266, 270-1 n

Harleton, the, (Wigan), iv, I2o«

Harleton, Id. of, iii, 260 n

Harlsey, iv, 324 n

Harmer, Sam., iv, 277 n

Harnes, Thos., iv, 301 n

Harper, Grace, v, 189 ; Helen, iii,
219; Jno., v, ig«, i8i«; Rich.,
iii, 229 ; Thos., iv, 109 «; Will.,
iii, 219 ; iv, 109 «, 187 ; fam., iv,
109 ; v, 181
Harper's Green, v, 34

Harper Sparth, iii, 330
Harpour, see Harpur
Harpouresheie, see Harpurhey
Harpsfield, Dr., iv, 257 n
Harpur, Harpour, Isaac, v, 105 ;
Jno., iv, 279 ; v, 240 ; Rob., v,
240 ; Will., iv, 267 n, 270
Harpurhey, iv, 174, i76«, 230 «,
235 «-6 n, 255-6 n, 270 ; v, 28 «-
9«, 35; ch., iv, 270; Hall, iv,
270; man., iv, 270; v, 29 n;
Nonconf., iv, 270

44

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Harracke, Pet., iv, 192
Harrington, — , iii, 151; Ad. de, v,

246 n ; Agnes, iv, 211, 342 #;
Anne, iii, 171-2 «, 210, 274, 354 »,
385, 424, 429 ; v, 247 ; Chas., iii,
84, 127 «, i7i-2«, 366 ; Dorothy,
iii, 127 »; i7i-2«; Eliz. (de),
iii, 210-11, 354 «, 424; v, go«,
300 «; Hamlet (Hamo), iii, 171,
173, 1 80 ; Isabel, iii, 167 ; v, 24 «,
285 n ; Jas., iii, 171 n ; v, 303 ;
Sir Jas. (de), iii, 134-5, 160, 194,
424, 429; iv, 342 «; v, 28, 117,

247 #, 279 «, 300 n; Janet, v,
117; Joan de, iii, 171 ;
Jno. (de), iii, 84 «, 127 », 152,
161 n, 171, 349 n, 385 n ; iv, 218 «,
378 n ; v, 246 n ; Sir Jno. (de), iii,
210 ; iv, 257 ; v, 247 ; Kath. (de),
iii, 171 n\ iv, 378 n ; v, 28, 246 «-
7 ; Marg. (de), iii, 101 n ; iv,
218 »; v, 36; Mary, iii, 171 «;
Nich. (de), iii, 171 ; v, 246 n-j ;
Sir Nich. de, iii, 171 ; iv, 218 n ;
Percival, iii, 171-2 n, 349 n ; Rich,
(de), iii, 354 «, 424, 436 n ; v,
300 n; Sir Rich., iii, I34«; v,
90 «, 300 n ; Rob. (de), iii, 84,
171-2 ; v, 246/2-7 ; Sir Rob. de,
v, 183;*; Thos. (de), iv, 146 n ;
v, 246 #-7 ; Sir Thos., iii, 25 n ;
v, 247 ; Will., iii, 424 ; Sir Will,
(de), iii, 101 «, 425, 429 ; iv, 21 1,
218 «, 312 n ; v, 101 #, 300 n;
fam., iii, 128, 171 ; iv, 218

Harris, Fr., iv, 51 n ; Levett, v, 71,
74 ; Rob. J. J., see Norreys

Harrison, Alice, v, 62 n ; Edw., iv,
246 «; Eliz., iii, 103 «, 412 n;
Fen wick, iii, 18 ; Hen., iii, 275 ;
Jas., iii, 54, 419 n; iv, logn, 327;
v, 62 «; Capt. Jer., iv, non;
Jno., iii, 95, 307, 412 n, 419 ; iv,
non, 349; v, 62 #; Marg., iii,
i03»; Margery, iv, logn ;
Matth., v, 269 n ; Lieut. Nath.,
iv, non; Pet., iii, 412 n ; iv, no;
Ralph, iv, 250 ; Rich., iii, 103 « ;
Thos., iii, 28, 103/2, 215, 340 n;
iv, 53, 131 », 246 », 391 ; Will.,
hi, 31, 90 «, 140, 155 n; iv, 205 j
v, 149

Harrocks, Rog., v, 28o«

Harrop, Edm., iv, 348

Harr Shoots, the, (Westleigh), iii,
425

Harshokes, the, (Pennington), iii,
430

Hart, Anne, iii, 167 ; Dudley, iv,
335; Humph., iii, 156 «, 220 n ;
Rich., iv, 198 n ; Will., iii, 426 n ;
fam., v, 24 n

Hart Common, v, 20

Harter, Geo. G., iv, 309

Hartford (Ches.), iii, 335

Hart Hall, iii, 190/2

Hartingstead Gate, v, 114 n

Hartley, v, 206

Hartley, — , iii, 443 ; Alice, v, 271 n;
Ellen, iv, 202, 261 «; Jas., iii, 55,
340, 419; Jno., iv, 202 «, 259,
261 n ; v, 271 n ; Marg., iv, 210 ;
Nich., iv, 202, 261 n ; Ralph, iv,
261 «; Rich., iii, 64 ; iv, 261 «,
346 n ; Rob., iv, 360 ; Thos., iv,
210; W. P., iv, 53; fam., iv,
260

Hartleys, Agnes, iv, 152 n ; Geo.,
iv, 152 n

Hartley's Village, iii, 29

Hartridge, Denis, iv, 384 « ; Sarah,

iv, 384 n
Hartshead (Ashton), iv, 338-40 «,

346 n ; Pike, iv, 340 ; Twarl Hill

tithe-stone, iv, 339
Hartshead (Morlty wap.), iii, 427
Hartshorn, iii, 144 n
Hartside, Hugh, v, 148 n
Harvey, Anne, iii, 33 ; Rob., iii,

153 «; v, 9, 25
Harward, Sim., iii, 312
Harwood (Bold), iii, 406 n
Harwood (Bolton), iv, 231 n, 332 n; v,

235, 238/2, 268, 271 #-3 ; char., v,

243; ch., v, 270 ; man., iv, 138/2,

230/2, 331 ; v, 260, 267 «-8 ; Non-

conf., v, 270

Harwood Lee, v, 268-9 n
Harwood, Alan de, v, 81 #, 269 «-

70 n ; Alex, de, iv, 1 18 n ; v, 260,

268-9 n > Cecily de, v, 269 n ;

Christiana de, v, 81 n ; Ellen de,

v, 164 n ; Hen. r iii, 367 »; Jno.

de, iv, 127; v, 269/2; Maud de,

v, 269 n ; Rog. de, v, 164 n ; Sim.,

see Harward ; Thos. de, v, 269 n ;

Will, de, v, 230 n
Harywal, see Halliwell
Hasaliswallehurst, iii, 118
Haselenhurst, iv, 89 n
Haselhurst (Dalton), iv, 98 «
Haselhurst (Parr), iii, 379 «
Haselhurst, Ralph, iv, 1 50 ; Rich.

de, iv, 98 n ; Sim. de, iv, 98 »
Hasellen, iii, 13 n
Hasellenshagh, v, 95 »
Haselwall, iii, 298 n ; Old, iii, 296 »
Haselwell, Jno. de, iii, 132 n, 141 n ;

Nicholaa de, iii, 132 n ; Pat. de,

iii, 132; Sir Pat., iii, 133; Will.

de, iii, 132
Haskayne, iii, 197-9
Haskayne, Edw., iii, 183 ; Ellen, iii,

213 «; Gabriel, iii, 191 n; Thos.

(de), iii, 198 n-g n ; Will., iii,

213 n; fam., iii, 199
Haskesmores, see Kaskenmoor
Haskeyne, Thos., iii, 222 n
Haslam, Ellis, v, 139 «, 189; Jno.,

v, 139/2 ; Mary, v, 139 n ; Rob., v,

303 ; fam., v, 147 n ; see Haslum
Haslam Brow, v, 131 n
Hasleden, Jno., iv, 148 n; Ralph,

iv, 146 n; Tho.-., iv, 146 n
Haslehurst, iv, 369
Haslehurst, Ralph, iii, 441 n
Haslem, Haslam, Hey, v, 131 n,

I35> 243 n > see Haslum
Haslingden, v, 141, 144, 150
Haslings, iv, 81 n
Haslinshaw, v, 95 n
Haslum, v, 131
Haslum, Ad. de, v, 131 n; Hugh

de, iv, 303 «, 308 ; Lawr., v, 262 n
Haspehull, Hasphull, see Aspull
Hassumbottom, v, 39 «, 40 n
Hastie, Marg., iii, 120 n
Hastings, Anne, iii, 167 ; Edw., Ld.,

iii, 160 ; Fran., iv, 290 n
Hastley, v, 226 n
Hat manufacture, iii, 261 ; iv, 273,

282, 311, 322-3,340; v, 93
Hatfield, Rev. Geo., v, 179/2; Jno.,

v, 179 ; Rich., iv, 195 n ; Thos.

de, iv, 345 n
Hathersage, Matth. de, iv, 252 ; Will.

de, iv, 252 ; see also Haversage
Hathershaw, v, 93, 100 ; Brook, v,

153/2; Great, v, 153 «; Hall, v,

loo ; Moor, v, 109 n

346

Hathornthwaite, Ellen, iii, 361 » ;
Will., iii, 361 «

Hatten, Geo., iii, 340

Hatton, Sir Chris., iv, 290 n ; Edw.,
iii, 94 ; Jno., iii, 409 n ; Rich., v,
4 ; Sir Will., iv, 290/2

Hau, see Haigh

Hauerbergh, fam., iii, 28

Haugh, v, 213, 220

Haugh, Eliz., iv, 285 ; Geo., iv,
285 ; v, 259 ; Gertrude, v, 259 « ;
Jane, v, 259/2; Jno., v, 255/2,
259 ; Rich., v, 259 ; Rob., iv,
266 n ; v, 259 «; Rog., v, 259

Haugham, Pet. de, see Hospitallers,
priors

Haughton, iv, 174, 288-9/2,298/2-
9, 3", 3i5> 3i9«-2Q, 322; v,
26 n ; chs., iv, 323 ; Hall, iv, 323;
man., iv, 322 ; Mill, iv, 323 « ;
Nonconf., iv, 323

Haughton, Little, v, 27 «

Haughton Green, iv, 322

Haughton, Anne, iv, 232 ; Evan,
iii, 102 ; Jno., iv, 261 n ; v, 159,
181 ; Paulinus de, v, 26/2; Pet.,
iv, 124 ; Ralph, iv, 58, 261 w, 319,
323 » ; Rich., iv, 245 ; Rog., iv,
124

Hauke, Hauk, Clemency, iii, 350 » ;
Jno., iii, 350/2; Will., iii, 149 n

Haukeshogh, see Hawkshaw

Haulgh, v, 243, 245/2, 250, 252,
255 ; char., v, 242 ; ch., v, 260 ;
man., v, 259 ; mills, v, 255 ;
Nonconf., v, 250, 260

Haulgh, Geo., v, 252 «

Haulton, see Westhoughton

Haureteschagh, iii, 373 n

Havannah (Parr), iii, 377

Haverbergh, Jno. de, iii, 418

Haversage, Hathersage, (Derby),
man., iv, 289

Haversage, Cecily de, iv, 289 « ;
Matth. de, iv, 289, 292 «, 298,
303 «, 305 ; fam., iv, 289

Haward, Sam., iv, 203 ; v, 107 «

Hawaiden, iii, 164/2

Hawarden, Ad., iii, 333-4 « ; iv,
114/2; Agnes de, iii, 333 n;
Annabel (Eliz.) de, iii, 332-
3 ; Anne, iii, 330, 333 n ; Bryan,
iii, 30 n, 84 n; Caryll, iii, 181,
389/2; C(K)ath., iii, 361-2; v,
302 n ; Christian, iv, 158 n;
Clemence, iii, 333 n ; Edw., iii,
389 n ; Eliz., iii, 329 ; Ellen, iii,

333, 389 n ; Hugh de, iii, 333 « ;
Joan, iii, 333 ; Jno., iii, 37 n, 329,

332-3, 389 n> iv, I$8n> i6o«;
v, 302 n ; see also Fazakerley ;
Margery, iii, 400 n ; Mary, iii,
84 «, 389 n ; Rich., iii, 347 n ;
Thos., iii, 330, 332 «~3, 389 »;
see also Gillibrand ; Will, (de),
i», 30 «, 333 «, 389 n> fam., iii,

334, 388

Hawcliff, see Hawkley
Hawes, the, (Birkdale), iii, 238 «
Hawes (N. Meols), see Southport
Hawet, Mary, iv, 246 n ; Nich., iv,

246 n

Hawise at the Cliff, iii, 383 n
Hawkes, Alice A., iii, 125 ; Thos.,

iii, 125
Hawkley, iv, 78-8i, 124; v, 35 »:

Hall, iv, 8 1 n
Hawksclough, iv, 97
Hawkshaw, v, 143, 145 «, 173
Hawkshaw, Rog., iii, 63

INDEX

Hawkshead, iii, 266 «, 274 n
Hawk's Nest Clough, iv, 92 «,

98 n

Haworth, v, 224 ; Little, v, 225
Haworth, Alice, iv, 392 n ; Arth., v,
225 n ; Chas., iv, 203 ; Denis, v,
13 n ; Edm., v, 224 #-5 n, 262 « ;
Elise, v, 301 n ; Eliz., iv, 245 n ;
v, I37«; Hen. (de), iii, I28«;
v, 208 n, 225 n-6 n, 232 «, 269 n ;
Hugh, v, 225 n ; Isabel, v, 226 n ;
Jas., iii, I28«, 393 «; v, 225 «,
262 #; Jane, v, 31 #; Janet, v,
232 n ; Jesse, v, 136; Jno. (de),
iii, 156 «; v, 213 «, 232 n; Rev.
Jno. G., v, 136 ; Marg., v, 225 n ;
Nancy, v, 128, 136; Pet. de, v,
208 n ; Dr. Radcliffe, v, 224-5 n >
Randle, v, 262 n • Rich, (de), iv,
392 n ; v, 128, 140 «, 204 n ; Rob.,
v, 225 n ; Sam., v, 128 n; Theo-
philus, v, 225 n ; Thos. (de), v,

224 «, 232 n; Will., iii, 8«; v,

225 n ; fam., v, 224 ; see also
Howarth

Hawthorn (Ches.), iv, 371 ; Hall,

i«> 433

Hawthorne, Nath., v, 16

Hay, Jas., iv, 170 n; Jno., iv, 170 ;
Will., iv, I7o«; Will. R., iv,
184 n • v, 199 ; see also Hey

Haydock, iii, 373 n ; iv, 122-3, I26«,
137-8 #, 207 n ; char., iv, 131-2;
ch., iv, 140 ; man. and Idshp.,
iv, 93 «, 1 02, 133, 137 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 137 «, 140 ; Pk., iv, 137 ; race-
course, iv, 137; Rom. Cath., iv,
140

Haydock, Agnes de, iv, 139 «, 159 «,
i68«; Alice de, iii, 329, 332,
408 #; iv, 138-9^; Anabel de,
iv, 138 n-g n ; Andr. de, iv, 137 «;
Cecily de, iv, 134 n, 137 «, 150 n ;
Eleanor de, iv, i38#-9«; Ellen
de, iv, 139 n ; Emma de, iv, 138-
9 « ; Evan, iv, 88 n ; Geoff, de,
iv, 137 n; Gilb. (de), iii, 25, 27 «,
100 n, I78«, 263 «, 325 «, 327,
356, 358, 4o7«-8»; iv, 99 «,
102 «, 129, 133 «, 137 «-8, 140 n-
in,l$on-in, 378 n ; v, 198-9;
Sir Gilb. (de), iii, 322 «, 327 ; iv,
139; Hen. de, iii, 325 «, 327 «;
iv, 134 «, 139 «; Hugh de, iv,
137-9;*, 141, I5i«, i64«; Joan
(de), iii, 73, 327; iv, 139; Jno,
(de), iii, 80 «, 154, 327, 329; iv,
130 «, 134 », 1389-41*, 157 «,
i68«; Kath. de, iv, 138 «;
Leon, de, iv, I38»; Matth. de,
iii, 25 #, ioo#, 232, 327; iv,
I3o«, i33«, i35«> 1 38-40 w,
150;* ; Nich. de, iii, 63 ; iv, 138 n-
9«; Orm de, iv, 102, 137; Pet.
de, iv, 138 n ; Philippa de, iv,
139 n; Rich, (de), iii, 63, 380 «;
iv, I38«~9«, 141 w, 156; Rob.
de, iii, 358; iv, i$on; Rog., iv,
I2i«; v, 303 n ; Sibyl de, iv,
134 w, 139 «; Will, de, iii, 25,
327 «; iv, 137-9 «, I5o«; fam.,
111,321,327,329, 408; iv, 125 n,
149

Hayes, Jas., iii, 421

Hayhurst, v, 261 #

Hayhurst, Bradley, iii, 419, 423 n

Haykebergh, see Aigburth

Haylandhurst, iii, 296, 299

Haylege Komb (Leigh), iii, 444

Haysarm, iii, 382-3

Haysarm, Ad. de, iii, 283 «, 383 n ;

Agnes de, iii, 383 n ; Alan, iii,

383 ; Alice, iii, 383 ; Amabel de,

iii, 383 « ; Hen. de, iii, 383 «~4 ;

Jno., iii, 383 ; Mabel de, iii, 283 «;

Marg., iii, 383 ; Margery, de, iii,

383 »~4 ; Mary de, iii, 383 n ;

Rich, de, iii, 283 «, 383 n ; Thos.

de, iii, 400 n
Hayward, Eliz., v, 114 »; Rob. (de),

v, 1 14 «, 209 n ; Thos., iii, 321 n ;

v, 1 14 n ; see Heyward
Haywards Acre, iii, 397 n
Hazelbottom, iv, 255 «
Hazelhead Brook, v, ngn
Hazelhurst (Ashton), iv, 338-9
Hazelhurst (Tottington), v, 143-4
Hazelhurst (Worsley), iv, 376-7 #,

390 n
Hazelhurst, Alice de, iv, 377 n ; Ellen

de, iv, 377 n ; Margery de, iv,

377 «

Hazells, the, (Huyton), iii, 353
Hazelshaw, Hazleshaw, v, 95 «,

ioo«

Headfort, mchnss. of, iii, 338
Heady Hill, v, 136
Heald, the, (Manchester), iv, 303 ;

Great and Little, iv, 302 «
Heald (Newton), iv, 135
Heald, Jas., iv, 293 n ; Will. N., iv,

297
Healdhouses, iv, 288, 290 «, 292,

302, 308 «, 332 n
Healey, v, 112, 206, 210, 227 «;

char., v, 201 « ; ch., v, 200 ;

Hall, v, 211
Healey, Healy, Ad. de, v, 202 «,

210 » ; Alex, de, v, 210 « ; Andr.

de, v, 210 n ; Anketil de, v, 210 « ;

A vice de, v, 210 n; Dolphin

(Dolfin) de, v, 202 n, 210 «; Elote

de, v, 2io«; Hen. de, v, 202 «,

2io« ; Jas., v, 2io#; Jno. de, v,

210 n ; Pet. de, v, 210 n ; Rob. de,

v, 210 « ; Susan, v, 210 n ; Thos.

de, v, 2io«; Will.de, v, 210 »;

fam., v, 210

Healeyhalghes, v, 2io«
Healley Moss, iii, 363 n
Healy, Ad. de, see Healey ; Jno., iv,

165
Heap, iv, 359 «; v, 88, 123, 129,

136, 174, 176; char., v, 127-8;

chs., v, 140-1 ; man., v, 136 ;

mills, v, 136; Nonconf., v, 141 ;

Rom. Cath., v, 141 ; sch., v, 128
Heap, Cecily de, v, 136 n ; Hen. de,

v, 136 n; Jno., v, 99 «; Marg.

del, v, 1 1 7 « ; Rob. de, iv, 273 n ;

v, 157 n ; fam., v, 136 «
Heape, Jane, v, 91 n ; Jno., v, 91 n;

Rich., v, 91 n ; Thos., v, 91 ; fam.,

v, 205 n
Heapey, iii, 71 n; iv, I2o»;man.,

iv, 161 n
Heapy, Jno., iii, 331 ; Pet. de, v,

295 n ; Randle de, v, 295 n
Heath, Sir Rob., v, 191 ; Will, del,

iii, 31 n
Heath Charnock, iii, 71 #, 257;*,

432 ; iv, 275 n ; v, 289 n-go, 292 n;

char., v, 243 n
Heathcote, Hen., iii, 8, 9, 59 « ; Sir

Jno., iv, 355 «, 406; J. E., iv,

358 n ; Rob. de, iii, 25 »; Sam.,

iii, 8 ; Sir Will., iii, 6, 8 ; fam., iv,

358«

Heathenland, see Hethenhead
Heathey, iii, 331

Heathorn, Jno., iv, 9

Heathy Lands, Nether and Over,
iv, 2

Heaton, Great, (Reddish), iv, 313;
v, 67, 76 «, 80, 82, 161 «, 169 «;
char., v, 75 «-6 ; ch., iv, 326 ;
Hall (House), v, 75 «, 80-2 ; man.,
v, 80

Heaton, Little, (Fallowfield), iv,
207 «, 313; v, 67, 76 «, 80, 82,
161 «, 169 »; char., v, 75 n-6 ;
man., iv, 312, 327; v, 80; Old
Hall, iv, 313 «; v, 8r, 83 «

Heaton, Over, see Heaton, Great

Heaton Chapel, district, iv, 323,
325 ; Nonconf., iv, 326

Heaton Fallowfield, see Heaton,
Little

Heaton Mersey, iv, 323 ; char., iv,
203 «-4 n ; ch., iv, 326 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 326

Heaton Moor, iv, 323 ; ch., iv, 326 ;
Nonconf., iv, 326

Heaton Moss, iv, 324 »

Heaton Norris, iv, 174, 176, 230/2-
l», 290 «, 293, 296, 310, 323,
328 n, 374 w, 383 n; char., iv,
201 «, 203, 323 ; chs., iv, 203 «,
325-6 ; man. and Idshp., iv,
203 «, 291 «, 310, 324, 337 «;
Mauldeth Hall, iv, 323 ; mills,
iv> 323-4 n ; Nonconf., iv, 326 ;
Rom. Cath., iv, 326 ; sch., iv,
201 n

Heaton Park (Manchester), iv, 237 ;
v, 79, 80, 82

Heaton Reddish, see Heaton, Great

Heaton Strangeways, see Heaton
Norris

Heaton under Blackley, iv, 262 n

Heaton (under Horwich), iv, 231 «,
358 »; v, i, 7«, 9, 12; ch., v, 12;
man., iv, 365 n ; v, 9, 297

Heaton Wood Green, iv, 290 «

Heaton, Ad. de, v, 10, 12 n, 80-1 «;
Agnes de, v, 10 «, 37 n ; Alex, de,
iv, 319 ; v, 81 n ; Alice, v, 10, 1 1 ;
Aline de, v, ion • Bryan, v, J n,
ion-nn; Eliz., iv, 266 «; v,
io-n«; Ellis de, v, 10, 19 «;
Fernando, v, 1 1 n ; Geoff., v, i in;
Geo., v, n n ; Gilb., iii, 419;
Hen. de, v, ion; Hen. A. de, v,
37 n; Hugh de, v, 80 n; Isolda
de, iv, 84 n; v, ion; Jane, iv,
88 n ; v, 10-1 1 ; Joan (de), iv, 85 n;
v, 10-1 1 n, 8 1 n ; Jno. (de), iv, 64 n;
v, 5 «, 10, 24 «, 131 n ; Jonathan,
v, 1 79 ; Kath., v, ion-1 1 n ; Lam-
bert, v, 5, n n ; Martin, see Ely,
bp. of; Mary, iii, 419 «, 423, 442 ;
v, 1 1 n ; Matth. de, v, 12 n ; Nich.,
v, 301 « ; Ralph, iv, 85 n-6 n ; v,
n, 261 n; Randle de, v, 10 ;
Rich, (de), iii, 442 ; iv, 84«-6« ;
v> 5> 7 n> l°~I x «> 28 n ; Rob. (de),
iii, 4T9«, 423; v, I2«, 239 n ;
Rog. (de), v, 10 «-i i « ; Thos. (de),
iii, 89 n ; v, 80 n-i n, 89 n, 1 73 «,
252, 261 n; Thurstan, v, nn;
Vane, v, 1 1 n ; Will, (de), iii, 88 «;
iv, 85;;, 88 «, 266 n, 345 n ; v,
7«, 10-11, 294; fam., iv, 84-5 ;
v, 8, u, 81, 239 w

Heaves (Balshaw), v, 210 n

Heaward, Thos., see Hayward

Hebers, v, 161, 168 ; Nonconf., v,
169

Heche, Thos., iii, 101 «

Hechindale Moor, iii, 125 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Heckelcs, see Eccles
Hecseptese Gate, iii, 351 n
Heddoch, Hedoc, see Haydock
Hedges, Eliz., iv, 153 «; Rob., iv,

i53«
Heegh Yord, the, (fishery in the

Mersey), iii, 144
Heelis, Steph., iv, 207 n
Heethon, see Heaton
Heeton, Will., iii, 161 n
Heghgren, Jno. de, iv, 341 n
Heginbottom, Geo., iv, 346, 35 1-2 n
Hegleghes, Ad. del, iv, 173^
Heigham, Rog., iv, 121 n
Heighroide, see Heyrod
Heine Haswell, see Haselwall, Old
Held (Newton), iii, 363 n~4 n
Helde, Ellis del, iv, 209 n ; Emmota
del, iv, 207 n ; Hen. del, iv, 207 n,
209 n ; Margery del, v, 95 n
Helecroft, iii, 332 n
Hele-Phipps, Mary, iii, 361 n ; T.

H., iii, 361 n
Helesclough, v, 207 n
Heleshala, see Halsall
Helghetun, see Hulton
Helme, Grace, v, 198/2 ; Lawr., v,

198 n
Helmescough, iii, 224 n ; Wood, iii,

224 n

Hemans, Mrs., iii, 1 1 1
Hempshaws, v, 293 #-4
Hemp Yard (Altcar), iii, 222
Hendene Brook, iv, 390 n
Henderson, Thos. J., v, 140
Hendham Hall Estate, iv, 224
Hendley, Eliz., iv, 296
Hendon, man., iv, 108 n
Henesnape, Alex, de, v, 226 n
Hengande Half-acre, iv, 75 n
Hengarth, iii, 209
Hengarthlache, iii, 209 n
Hengham, Ralph de, iii, 87 «, 258 »
Henginde Chader, see Hanging

Chadder

Hengrave, iv, I39»-4O«
Henham, man., iv, 21 2 n
Henheyde, iii, 29 n
Henhurst Meadow, iv, 75 n
Henn, Hen., see Burnley, bp. of
Henne, Ad., iv, 167 #; Geoff., iv,

i66#~7#; Jno., iv, i66«
Henne Croft, iv, 167 n
Hennell, Chas. C., iv, 187
Hennesden, iv, 358 n
Hennetwisel, see Entwisle
Hennynshok, v, 230 n
Henrietta Maria, Queen, iv, 145 »
Henry I, iii, 2, 6, 46, 104, 121, 325 ;

iv, 125, 372 n
Henry II, iii, 6 n, 23 «, 49, 50, 53 n,

56, 121, 141, 158, 182; iv, 2, in
Henry III, iii, 3, 24 n, 47, 50 n, 114,

122, 141, 175, 230, 265; iv, 3, 5
Henry IV, iv, u, 71 n
Henry V, iii, 69 ; iv, 11-12, 71 n
Henry VI, iii, 7«, 69, 342 ; iv, 126,

347; v, 131 n
Henry VII, iii, 43, i6o#, 166, 305 ;

iv, 93, 184, 285, 402 ; v, 12
Henry VIII, iii, 70, 83, 104*2, 160,
314, 336 w, 379; iv, 93, 219-20 n;
v, 3, 175 «> J97, 206 i«, 264 n
Henry, at the Cliff, iii, 383 n ; the
Barker, iii, 263 n ; the Baxter, iv,
242 n ; the Chaplain, iii, 244 ; the
Clerk, v, 44 n ; the Dyer, iv,
174 n ; the Falconer, v, 79 n ; the
Flecher, iv, 378 n ; the Hosteller,
iv, io7»; the Jew, iv, 74 n ; the

Henry (cant.}

Knight, v, 30 72 ; the Mercer, iii,
403 72, 407 72 ; the Miller, iv, 100 ;
the Mouner, v, 164 n; the Parker,
iii, 325 72 ; the Reeve, iv, 276,
280 72 ; the Serjeant, iii, 388 72 ; the
Shepherd, iii, 90 72 ; the Smith,
iii, 39772-9, 401 72 ; the Tailor, iii,
427 ; the Ward, v, 230 72
Henry, Dr., iv, 25672 ; Thos., iv, 185
Henryson, Jno., iii, 39672, 398-9;
Marg., v, 14972; Margery, iii,
39872

Henshaw, v, 230

Henshaw, Hugh, iii, 41072 ; Pet, v,
23072; Rich., v, 230 72; Rob., v,
23072 ; Thos., iv, 203 ; v, 94, 10772
Henshaw's fields, iii, 1 1 72
Hepay, Jno. de, iii, 332
Hepe, see Heap
Heppehale, Rob. de, v, 246 72
Herbercroft, v, 33 72
Herbert, Jno., iv, 62 ; Ld., iii, 337 ;
Lady Mary, iii, 71 72, 73 ; Will.,
see Manchester, dean of
Herbert's Clough, iii, 439 ; v, 30 72
Herbury, see Arbury
Hercy, Nich. de, iii, 227
Herdebreck Pool, iii, 223
Herdislee, Agnes de, iv, 322 72 ; Jno.

de, iv, 32272
Herefield, v, 4072
Hereford (Herefs.), iv, 280 72 ; char.,

iii, 28972

Hereford, bp. of, Thos. de Charlton,
iii, 7 72 ; Hen. Egerton, iv, 381 72 ;
R. de Maidstone, iv, 357 72
Herle, — , iii, 340 72 ; Chas., iv, 124 72,
128-9 ; Thos., iv, 195, 198 ; Will,
de, iii, 1 29 72
Herleshala, see Halsall
Hermithome, v, 231 72
Herniys Croft, iv, 15072
Heron, Cath., v, 97 72 ; Geo., v, 97 72,
212; Hen., v, 9772; Maj.-Gen.
Pet, v, 97

Herrick, Rob., iv, 196 72
Hert(e), Agnes, iii, 426; iv, 9072;
Alice, iv, 10772; Beatrice, iv,
107 72 ; Chas., iv, 107 72 ; Ellis, iv,
10772; Emma, iv, 9072; Jno., iii,
426 ; iv, 107 72 ; Marg., iv, 107 72 ;
Ralph, iii, 426 ; Rich., iii, 426 ; iv,
10772; Rog., iv, 9072; Thos., iv,
10772; Will., iv, 9072; fam., iii,
426

Hertford, Ld., iii, 135 ; Edw., earl of,
iii, 417 ; Will., mqs. of, see Somer-
set, dk. of

Herthfelling, iii, 37272
Hervey, Alice, iii, 290
Heselengreaves, iii, 270 72
Hesketh, man., iii, 31872
Hesketh Bank, iii, 23 1 72
Hesketh Park, Southport, iii, 235
Hesketh, Ad. de, iv, 15272; Alex.,
iii, 289, 291, 294, 298 ; Alice, iii,
233, 29472, 36972; iv, 9472; v,
142 72 ; Ameria de, iii, 48 72 ; Anna
M., iii, 229 ; Anna M. A., iii, 233 ;
Anna M. E. F., iii, 233 ; Anne,
iii, 233, 294 72 ; Barth., iii, 195,
211, 285-6, 289-90, 293-4, 297,
300, 303 72, 436 ; Bold F., iii, 233 ;
Chas., iii, 229, 233, 235 ; Cuth.,
iii, 294 72 ; C. H. B., iii, 229 ; Edw.
F., iii, 233 ; Eleanor, iii, 436 ;
Eliz., iii, 4972, 167, 294 ; iv, 8272 ;
Ellen, iii, 229 n, 233 n ; Fleetwood,
iii, 233 ; Frances, iii, 233 ; Gabriel,

348

Hesketh (cont.)

iii, 195 n, 2H, 254 n, 264 «, 285-
6 n, 289, 293-4 ; v, 301 « ; Geo.,
iii, 189-90, 293 ; Hen., iii, 227 ;
Hugh, iii, 233, 244 ; see also Man,
bp. of ; H. LI. B., iv, 293 n ; Jane,
iii, 195,285, 294 ; Joan, iii, 211,
246 n ; Jno., iii, 101 #, 227 ;
Marg., iii, 233, 285, 294 ; Mary,
iii, 219, 227 », 278 n, 294 n ; Maud
(de), iii, 232 ; iv, i$4«; Pet, iii,
229, 235 ; Rich., iii, 161 n, 163,
187 n, 286 n; Rob. (de), iii, 48 «,
227, 232-3, 239 n, 278 n ; iv, 99 w;
v, 138 ; Sir Rob., iii, 278 n ; Rog.,
iii, 233 ; Stanley, iii, 295 n ; Thos.,
iii, i6i», 219, 226, 232-3, 246 «,
294; iv, 76 n, 146 n; v, 142 »;
Sir Thos., iii, 224, 233, 294 n ; iv,
94 n, 1 08 n ; Will, (de), iii, 9, 233;
iv, I52»; fam., iii, 263 n ; iv,

94 «
Heskin, iii, 69 ; man., iii, 70 n ;

sch., iii, 228 ti
Heskin, Gabriel, iii, 239 n ; Hen.,

iii, 183
Hesleniacre, the, (Aughton), iii,

296 w

He slop, Rich., v, 181
Hesseneslac, v, lion
Hesseworthe, see Ashworth
Hesteholm, see Estham
Heswall, hosp. at, iv, 56
Heth, Will, de, iii, 63
Hethenhead, iii, 280 n
Hethewell, Sir Gerard de, iii, 141 n
Heton, Heiton, see Heaton
Heton, Rich, de, iv, 130 n; Thos.,

iii, 223

Hetton, see Heaton Norris
Heuze, Jno. S. de la, iv, 350
Hewetland, iii, 50 n
Hewett, Nich., iv, 209 «
Hewison, Sim., iii, 63 n
Hewitt, — , iv, 205 n ; Dav., v, 9 ;

Dr. Jno., iv, 364
Hewlett, Alf., iii, 449 ; Will., iii,

449 »

Hewood, see Heywood
Hewson, Jno. F., iii, 128
Hextell (Staff.), man., iv, 143 n
Hey (Fazakerley), iii, 30 n
Hey (Newton), iv, 132, 134-5 n
Hey, Little, (Prescot), iii, 361 n
Hey Brook, see Pennington
Hey, Dorothy, iv, 368 « ; Edm., iv,
371 «; v,55# ;Edw.,iii, i6«-i7«;
Ellis, iv, 252-3, 290 w, 368; v,
247 ; Isabel, iv, 368 n ; Jas., iv,
94 n ; Jane, iii, 108 n ; Jno. (del),
iii, 280 «, 401 ; iv, 134 w, 368 «;
v, 56 », I49«; Kath. del, iii,
401 ; Mary, iv, 368 n ; Penelope,
iv, 220 n ; Pet., iii, 9 ; Ralph, iii,
17 «; Rich, (del), iii, i6»-i7«;
iv, 94 #, 134 «; Rob., iii, 101 n^
280 n ; iv, 94 n ; Rog., iv, 368 n ;
Thos., iv, 164 n, 368 n ; Will, del,
iv, 134 n; fam., iv, 368; v, 55 ;
see also Hay

Heybridge (Ashton), iv, 142
Heybridge (Staff.), iv, i86«
Hey den, v, I38«
Heye, Emma del, iii, 408 « ; Will.

del, iii, 408 n

Heyes, Eliz., iii, 352 »; Geo., iii,
21 «; Jas., iii, 347 # ; Jno., iii,
257 ; Rob., iii, 352 n ; Thos., iv,
165 ; Will., iii, 34? », 35 2«
Heylds, the, (Pennington), iii, 429

INDEX

Hey Moss, iii, 282 «

Heyrick, — , iv, 191 ; Rich., iv, 196,
199 ; Sir Will., iv, 196 n

Heyricks (Lathom), iii, 247 n

Heyrod, iv, 339, 345-7

Heyrod, Agnes de, iv, 345 n ; Jno.
de or del, iv, 341 «, 345 n ; Maud,
del, iv, 345 n ; Rich, de, iv, 345 n;
Will, de, iv, 345 n

Heys, the, (Birkdale), iii, 238 n

Heys, Isabel, iv, 113 n; Thos., iii,
290 ; iv, H3« ; v, 25

Heyside, v, 112, 114 ; ch., v, 115 ;
Nonconf., v, 115

Heyton, see Heaton

Heyton, Thos., v, 265 n

Heywalle Brook, see Haliwell

Heyward, Jno., v, 262 n ; see Hay-
ward

Heywood, boro., v, 123, 136, 138-9,
169-70, 174, 177, 202; chap.,, v,
127, I39«-40; ch., v, 140; Hall
v, 139 «; manuf., v, 136, 139;
mills, v, 139; Nonconf., v, 141 ;
pk., v, 140 ; sen., v, 141

Heywood, Ad. de, v, 291 n ; Agnes
de, v, 173 « ; Ameria, iv, 256 n ;
Ant., iv, 256 « ; Arth., iii, 16 ; Sir
Arth. P., iv, 249, 393 ; Benj., iv,
406 ; Sir Benj., iv, i86« ; Chas.
J., iv, 225 ; Eliz., v, 86 n ; Ellen,
iii, 442 n ; Geoff, cle, v, 138 n ;
Gilb. de, v, 138 n ; Hen.de, v,
138 « ; Hugh de, v, 138 n ; Jas.
(de), iv, 186, 262 ; v, 86 n, 138 n-
9; Jas. J., v, 269 «; Jane, iii,
426 n ; Jno. (del), iii, 8 ; v, 139 «,
147 «, 170 n ; Jno. P., iii, 17 n ;
Marg., iii, 412 «; v, 139 n ; Mar-
gery (del), v, 147 «, 204 n ; Mary,
v, 65 «, I39«; Nath., iii, I2«,
245, 264, 291 «; v, 241 #, 266 ;
Nich. de, v, 138 «; Oliver, iii,
245 »; iv, 186, 223, 225; v, in,
i39«, 181 «, 200, 241 «, 266, 268,
272 «, 280 n ; Pet. (de), iii, 442 #;
v, 86 «, 138-9, 146 «, 173 «> I92 «,
204 #; Rich, (de), iii, 12 n ; v,
138;?, 241 «, 266, 291 #; Rob.
(de), iii, 412;* ; v, 66«, 136, 138-
40, 158«, i68«, 1 76 «, 204, 206 n;
Thos. (de), iv, 72 «, 186 ; Sir T. P.,
iii, 245 «; Will, (de), iv, 256 ; v,
138 n, 173 #; fam., iii, 12 n

Hibbert, Geo., iv, 186 ; Sir Jno. T.,
v, 94, 102 « ; Sam., see Ware

Hibernia, see Ireland

Hich, v, 8 1 «

Hickman, Anne, iii, 364 n

Hicks, Mich., iv, 319

Higginbotham, Will., iv, 205 n

Higgins, Thos., iii, 44

Higginson, Alice, iii, 93 n ; Dav., v,
46 n ; Edw., iv, 324 ; Ralph, iv,
82 n; Rich., iii, 31; iv, 82 «;
Rob., iv, 82 ; Wi.l., iii, 93 n

Higham, Jno., iv, 362 « ; Will., iv,
67 «

High Appletree Croft, iv, 82 n

High Ash (Audenshaw), iv, 339

High Ashes (Ashton), iv, 346 n

Higher Green (Astley), iii, 445

Highfield (Aspull), iv, 122

Highfield(Aughton), iii, 297 n

Highfield (Burscough), iii, 259 n

Highfield (Farnworth), v, 34, 40 n

Highfield (Pemberton), iv, 79 ; ch.,
iv, 83

Highfield House (W. Derby), iii,

II «-I2»

Highfield Moss (Lowton), iv, 150

Highfield,Marg.de, iv, n6»; Rob.
de, iv, Ii6« ; Will, del, iv, 208 »

Highhurst, iii, I74»

Highlanders, the, in rebellion of
1745, iv, 28, 293 «

High Lee, v, 228 n

Highlord, Jno., iii, 14 n

Highs, Thos., iii, 414

Highson, Hen., see Boys

Highton, see Huyton

Hightown (Cheetham), Nonconf., iv,
262

Hightown (Crosby), iii, 85

Higinbotham, Jno., iv, 215

Higson, Jno., iv, 275 n ; Nich., v,
45 ; Ralph, v, 269 n ; Rich., iii,
414

Hill, Hyll, Ad., iv, 395 n ; Alex., iv,
347 n ; Alison, v, 220 n ; Dorothy,
v, 220 n ; Ellis, v, 220 n ; Geo.,
iii, 156 n; Hen., iii, 244, 257^;
see also Harrison ; Jno., iii, 228 ;
v, 233 « ; Jno. C., v, 127 ; Lawr.,
iii, 392 » ; Margery, v, 228 n ;
Mary, v, 201 ; Rich, de or del, v,
55 n> I33n > Rob., v, 149 n ; Sam.,
iv, 2I3#; v, I79«; Thos., iii,
275> 391 J v» I4°j 220 «, 228 «;
Will., iii, 247 n, 254, 261, 376 «-
7 n ; iv, 364 ; fam., v, 220

Hillam, v, 51,55

Hillock, the, (Whiston), iii, 347 n

Hillum, see Hillam

Hilton, Abigail, iv, 113 ; Hugh de,
v, 255 »; Jas., iii, 429-30 J iv,
262, 264 n, 266, 270, 390 ; v, 1 73 ;
Jno., iii, 429 «; iv, 165, 264;
Sir Jno. R., iv, 264 » ; Mary,
iii, 429 ; iv, 266 ; Miles, iv, 35 1 « ;
Oliver, v, 255 «, 289 »; Ralph,
v, 87 «; Rich., iii, 385, 421 ; iv,
113; v, 162; Rog., v, 255 n;
Roland, v, 289 n ; Sam., iii, 429,
435, 449 n ; iv, 266 ; Sam. C., iii,
424, 429 ; iv, 266 ; Thos. (de),
v, 82 n, 125 » ; T. W. L., iv, 266
n ; Will., v, 303 n ; see also
Hulton

Hilton Park (Manchester), v, 76

Himerum, Jno. de, see Hipperholm

Hinch Place, v, 274 n

Hind, Rich., v, 199

Hinde, Ann, iv, 335

Hindley, iv, 57-9 «, 102 #-3, 106,
119 », 121 «, 135 «, 145 «, 153 »;
v, 20 ; chap., iv, 67 »; char., iv,
67; ch., iv, no; coal mines, iv,
1 06 ; fair, iv, 106 ; Hall (Strange-
ways), iv, 108-9 «, 159 »; ind.,
iv, 1 06 ; man., iv, 106, 133,
i57«-8#; Nonconf., iv, 77, no,
113 ; Rom. Cath., iv, in

Hindley Birches, iv, 305

Hindley Green, iv, 106 ; ch., iv,
no; Nonconf., iv, no

Hindley Hall (Aspull), iv, 118,120,

I22#

Hindley Hall (Pemberton), iv, 78,
80

Hindley, Ad. de, iii, 86 ; iv, 106-7,
109 «, 1 16«, 118-19, 156-7;;, I59«,
162 n ; v, 58, 174 «, 272 n ; Agnes
(de), iv, 154 n; v, 24 n ; Alice, iii,
381 n; iv, ii9«-2o»; Aline de,
iii, 86 #; Beatrice de, iv, 107^,
ngn, I57«, 159; Cecily de, iv,
IO7«, ngn; Eliz. (de), iv, ii2«,
157 «; Ellen (de), iv, ngn, 157 n;
see also Risley ; Emma de, iv,

349

192 ;
Jno. de,

Hindley (cont.)

80, iigw, 379 n ; Gilb. (de), iii,
381 n ; iv, io6«, II2«, II9«;
Godith de, iv, 107^; Grace, iv,
ngn; Hugh (de), iii, 381 n ; iv,
80 «, 102 n, 107, 109 n, 119, I54«,
156-7^, I59»; v, 272 «; Joan
de, iv, 1 59 ;/-6o ; v, I74«; Jno.
de, iii, 86 w; iv, lign; v, 217 «,
287 n; Jno. H., iv, 186 ; Marg.
(de), iv, I2O« ; v, 58 ; Maigeryde,
iv, 159 ; Maudde, iv, 1 19 n ; Rich.
de, iv, 106-7, ISlni 159>n> see
also Culcheth ; Rob. (de) iii, 289,
291, 381 n ; iv, 80, 82 «, 106-7 «,
109 n, ngn-2in, 151 n, 157 n,
383 n ; see also Risley ; Rog., iv,
119-22; Thos. de, iv, iigw,
159^-60 ; Will., iii, 425 n ; fam.,
iii, 372, 381 ; iv, 119

Hindsford, ch., iii, 438

Hingandsagh, v, 232 n

Hinne, see Ince Blundell

Hipperholm, Agnes de, v,
Hen de, v, 229 ^-30 n ;
v, 192 ; Rich, de, v, 229 n-y*n

Hirletun, see Harleton

Hiscow carrs (Pemberton), iv, 81 n

Hitchcock carr (Pemberton), iv, 81 n

Hitchcock moss, iii, 259 n

Hitchcockson, Rich., iii, 370 n

Hitchfield, iv, 75 n

Hitchmough, Anne, iii, 392 n; Edw.,
iii, 127; Mary, iii, 127^ ; Rich., iii,
ign, i27«-8», 365, 386 n; iv,
142 n; Thos., iii, 127 n

Hoare, Angelina F., v, 275 n ; Ara-
bella P. E., iv, 285 ; v, 275 n ;
Geo. M., v, 275 n ; Hen. S., v,
280 ; Pet. R., iv, 285 ; v, 275 n ;
fam., iv, 285

Hoarystones Hill, iii, 266 n

Hoasefield, iv, 364

Hobb Croft (Hulton), v, 33 »

Hobbes, Will., iv, 63 »

Hobcroft (Manchester), iv, 242

Hobearth, iv, 304 n

Hobkin, Edm., v, 99 n ; Rich., v, 99 n

Hobson, Edw., iv, 186, 352 «;
Hugh, v, 87 n; Reynold, iv,
200 n ; Canon Rich., iii, i8«

Hockenhull, Jno., iii, 38 n ; Rev.
Will., see Molyneux

Hocter, Jno. F., iii, 220

Hodelsden, Hen. de, iii, 409 « ;
Will, de, iii, 409 n

Hodgeclough, v, 102

Hodge Common, iv, 390

Hodgkinson, Eaton, iv, 185 ; Fred.
C., iv, 391 ; Hen., v, 301 n ; Jas.,
iii, 229 ; iv, 66 »; Jos., iii, 149, 419 ;
Marg., iii, 430 ; v, 301 n ; Rich.,
iii, 419 « ; v, 24 n ; Rog., v, 127 ;
Sir Rog., v, 125 »; Will., iv, 334 ;

v, 45
Hodgson, Ad., iii, 74 n ; Edm., iii,

229 ; Emma, iii, 74 n ; Jacob, iii,

95 ; Thos., iii, 169; v, 179;

Will., v, 221 ; see Hoggeson
Hodshon, Alb., iv, 396 n ; Anne, iv,

396 n ; Dorothy, iv, 396 n ; Mary,

iv, 396 n
Hodson, Geo., iv, 46 ; Jas., iv,

122 n ; see Hudson
Hoffurlong, see Hosforland
Hoge Hey, iii, 21 7 n
Hoggeson, Ad., iii, 124 n; Rich., iii,

12472 ; see Hodgson, Hogson
Hoghton, iv, 342 n ; see also Hough-

ton >

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Hoghton, Ad. de, iii, 101 « ; Sir Ad.
de, iii, 49 n ; Alex, (de), iii, 49 n ;
iv, 342 « ; Alice, iii, 424-5 ; iv,
342 j v, 301 « ; Anne, v, 61 n ;
Eliz., iii, 401 ; Ellen, iii, 49 n \
Hen., iii, 49/2, 407 ; Sir Hen. B.,
iii, 356 ; Jane, iv, 117 n ; Jno., iii,
401-2 ; Marg., iii, 402 ; Rich., iii,
425 ; iv, 342, 345 n ; v, 300-1 n ;
Sir Rich, (de), iii, 49, 50, 79/2,
404 ; iv, 348 n; v, 301 n, 303 n ;
Sibyl de, iii, 49, 50 ; Thos., iii,
425 ; iv, 342 n, 345 n, 348 n ; v,
301 « ; Will, iii, 401 ; iv, 342 n ;
fam., iii, 50 n ; iv, 149

Hoglote, see Oglet

Hogson, Rich., iii, 48 n ; Will, iii,
48 n

Hoiland, see Upholland

Hokelaw, Margery de, iii, 77 ; Will,
de, iii, 72 n, 77

Hokensnape, v, 39 n

Holand, see Downholland, and Up-
holland

Holand, fam., see Holland

Holbeck Gate, iii, 223 n

Holboche field, iii, 140

Holborn (Lond.), Chisnall's buildings,
v, 264 n ; St. Andrew's ch., iv,
247 n

Holbrook (estate), iii, 358 «, 408-9 ;
House, iii, 408

Holbrook (stream), see Whittle
Brook

Holbrook, Alan de, iii, 408 n ;
Emma de, iii, 408 n ; Hen. de,
iii, 408 ; Jno. (de), iii, 361 «,
408 n ; iv, 223 « ; Margery de, iii,
408 n ; Mary, iv, 192 ; Will, de,
iii, 408

Holbrooke, Hen., iii, 1 56 n

Holbrook field, iii, 369 n

Holclough, iv, 388 n-g n

Holcombe, v, 143, 145 ; chap., v,
127, 148 ; Nonconf., v, 143

Holcombe Brook (Tottington), v,
143 ; Nonconf., v, 149

Holcombe Moor, v, 144

Holcroft (Culcheth), iv, 156; Hall,
iv, 129/2, 156, 161 n, 372 ; man.,
iv, I 60- i

Holcroft (Rainford), iii, 383 «

Holcroft (Rochdale), v, 225 n

Holcroft, Ad. de, iv, 160, 162/2-3/2,
372; Alice, iii, 429; iv, 161 ;
Anne, iv, 160/2 ; Earth., iv, 163;*;
Chas., iv, 161 n ; Eleanor, iv,
161 ; Eliz. (de), iv, 114/2, 157/2,
160/2, 163/2; Geoff., iv, 163-4 ;
Goditha de, iv, 160/2 ; Greg., iv,
164/2; Hamlet, iii, 429; iv,
l6o-|-l n ; Hen., iv, 163 n ; Hugh
de, iv, 160/2, 163/2; Joan de, iv,
156-7/2, 159/2-60, 162 n; Jno.
(de), iii, 31 in, 336 n, 428; iv,
82, 93-4, 157/2, 160-1, 163 n,
178/2, 244/2, 267; Sir Jno., iii,
428; iv, 156/2, 160-1, 164, 372/2;
Kath. de, iv, 163/2; Marg., iii,
336/2, 428; iv, 158, 160/2-1,
241/2, 244 n ; Margery de, iv,
l6o«; Mary, iv, 161 n ; Ralph
de, iv, 163 n ; Rich, (de), iii, 428 ;
iv, 153, 160/2, 163 n ; Rob. de, iv,
160/2 ; Thos., iv, 156-772, 159/2,
161, 163-472, 241 n, 364 ; see also
Hindleyj Sir Thos., iii, 314,
337/2, 340; iv, 114 n, 160, 358/7,
372; Will, (de), iii, 339 » ; iv,
114/2, 160/2 ; fam., iv, i6o«
i .
iv, \o,

Holden, Ad. de, v, 150/2 ; Edm., v,
1 14 « ; Edw., v, 302 n ; Eleanor,
iii, 285 » ; Eliz., iv, 1 14 n ; v,
281 n \ Ellen, v, 22 n ; Geo., iii,
220 ; iv, 261 « ; Gilb., v, 232 n ;
Hen., v, 302 n ; Jas., v, 21 #, 24 «;
Jno. (de), v, 226 #-7 ; Jordan de,
iii, 53 n ; Lawr., v, 237 ; Moses,
v, 237 ; Nich., v, 22/2 ; Ralph, v,
24 n, 114/2; Rich., iii, 285 « ; v,
24 n, 196 ; Thos., v, 196 ; Will.,
iv, 65/2; v, 24/2, 281/2, 302/2;
fam., v, 114, 147/2

Holdene, Ad. de, v, 101 n ; Joan de,
v, 101 n

Holdenfold, v, 112, 114/2

Holderness, earl of, v, 191

Holdholm Brook, iv, 292/2

Holding, Hen. J., iv, 205

Holditches greve, iii, 270/2

Hole, Rob., iii, 55 ; Sam. R., see
Rochester, dean of

Holeclough, iv, 377/2

Holecumbe, see Holcombe

Holehouse, v, 145/2

Holelache, iv, 118/2

Holerobyn, Marg., iv, 62 n

Holes, Hugh, iii, 134/2; Sir Hugh
de, iii, I79«; ?4*rgery de, iii,
179/2

Holesyke (Hulton), v, 27/2

Holew sike (Leigh), iii, 443 n

Holford, Alice de, iv, 267 n ; Eliz.,
v, 53 n ; Sir Geo., iii, 330 ; Jno.
de, iv, 267 n ; Pet., v, 53 n ; Sibyl,

i», 330
Holgate, Jno., iv, 91 ; Thos., iv,

359

Holge sike, iii, 444

Holhak, the, (Leigh), iii, 444

Holkenheved, v, 190/2

Holker, Jno., iv, 180/2, 330, 335 n ;
Sir Jno., v, 123

Holland, see Downholland, and Up-
holland

Holland, Holand, Ld., iii, 143,
283 n ; Sir Rob. de, iii, 143 ; iv,
92, 267/2, 269/2 ; see also Lovel,
7th Ld.; Thos.de, see Kent, earl of

Holland, Holand, Ad. (de), iii,
142 «, 198-9; iv, Sin, 92/2,
152 «, 209 «, 253 n, 272 n, 274 «,
373 n ; Agnes (de), iii, 74 «, 87 n,
92 n, 144 n, 275, 357 n ; iv, 101 n,
312 ; Alan de, iii, 100, 198-9/2;
iv, 93/2; Alex., iii, 357-8/2;
Alice (de), iii, 199; iv, 149/2,
395 «, 405 n ; Ameria de, iii,
198 n ; Amery (de), iv, 154, 312 ;
Amota de, iv, 92 n ; Ann(e), iii,
357; iv, 244/2, 321 ; v, 73/2;
Avina de, iii, 357/2; Cecily (de),
iii, 198/2; iv, 313/2; Chas. de,
iii, 198 ; Christiana de, iii, 198 n-
9 n ; iv, 92 n ; Col., iv, 69, 1 79 n ;
Dav.,iii, 199 n ; Douce, iii, 199 n \
Edm. (de), iii, 194 //, 199, 423 ; v,
78/2 ; Edw., iii, 357-8 ; iv, 155 /2,
242/2, 313-14,321,390/2,399/2;
v, 81, 262/2; Eleanor, iv, 405 ;
Elias de, iv, 150/2 ; Eliz. (de), iii,
199> 357 «; iv, 92, 162 n, 312,
3M, 327, 395 », 404, 4o6 n ; v, 81,
267-8/2; Ellen (de), iii, 199,
357/2; iv, 101 //, 209/2, 312; v,
270 n ; Emanie de, iv, 395 n ;
Emma de, iii, 198 ; Esther, iii,
358 ; Geo., iv, 272 n, 395 n ;
Godith de, iii, 357/2, 359/2 ; Guy,
iv, 140 ; Hen. (de), iii, loo, 144 »,

350

Holland (cont.)

147, 198-9, 264, 356/2-7/2; iv,
92 n, 199 «, 313 ; see also Exeter,
dk. of; Hodgekin (Roger), iii,
198 n ; Hugh, iii, 176, 199 n ; iv,
101/2; Isabel, iii, 198 ; iv, 312/2;
Jas., iii, 199/2 ; iv, 101 n ; v, 58 ;
Jane, iv, 272 n, 405 n ; Joan (de),
iii, 68 «, 73-4 «, 357/2, 395 n ; iv,
137/2,207/2,298, 312; v, 80/2;
Jno. (de), iii, 74 «, 144 «, 148 «,
178, 198/2-9, 357/2, 359/2, 418,
420; iv, 93, 160/2, 313/2,405 ;
v, 220 n, 267/2 ; Sir Jno. (de), iv,
J39> J49w; v, 269/2; Kath. de,
iii, 198 ; Marg. (de), iii, 199, 357/2 ;
iv, 101 n, 140/2, 218 «, 312-13,
3 1 5 «, 327 «, 398 n ; v, 40 n, 77-8,
83 n, 223 n, 245-6 n ; Margery
(de), iii, 199/2 ; iv, 316/2, 405 « ;
Mary, iv, 101 n, 395 « ; Matth. de,
iv, 92 ; see also Bispham ; Maud
(de), iii, 14/2, 16/2, 119, 143, 147,
150,296/2; iv, 82 «, 92-4, 98/2,
312/2; v, 267/2, 269/2; Nich.,
iii, 199; iv, 312/2; Otes de, iv,
241/2, 405; v, 40/2; Otho, iv,
220 «, 395 « ; v, 82 n ; Pet. (de),
iii, 194, 199 ; v, 78 ; Piers (de),
iii, 223 n, 423 ; iv, 399/2 ; Ralph,
iii, 199, 358 «, 367 « ; iv, 101 «,
261 «, 288, 405 ; Rich, (de), iii,
74/2, 87, 143 w-4, 198-9, 239/2,
346, 356«-7, 36i «; iv, 92/2,

101 /2, 140/2, 149/2, 154-5/2, 202,
219/2, 304/2, 312-13, 315/2, 319,

321,327/2,395/2; v, 78-9/2, 8 1/2-

2/2, 174/2, 248/2, 260, 270«;

Rob. (de), iii, 14, 16/2, 24, 142-4,
199, 200 ; iv, 2, 6, 8 1 «-2 n, 90 n,
92, 101/2,134/2, 149/2,312,398/2;
v, 77-8, 8 1 «, 125 n, 269/2, 300 ;
Sir Rob. (de), iii, 21, 25, 42, 56 «,
104-5, 118, 145/2, 151, 283/2,
357«,383«, 395 «> 4i6 ; iv, 76-7,
82/2,92,98/2, 115, 137-8, 393/2;
v, 8 1 /2, 95 /2, 245, 267-8 n ; Rog.
(de), iii, 101 n, 142 n, 198-9 /;, 341,
357 5 iv, 92 n ; Sim. de, iv, 81 n-
2/2,92/2, 1 12/2, 149, 152/2; Thos.,
iii, 198-9, 341, 357-8; iv, 113/2,
258, 312/2, 405; v, 8l n ; see
also Kent, earl of; Sir Thos. de,
iv, 349 n ; Thurstan (de), iii, 132 n-
3/2, 142/2, 144/2, 198, 364/2, 372,
411 n ; iv, 60/2, 81 «, 133 72-4 //,
137-8, 149, 151-2/2, 154, 255/2,
262/2, 311-12, 319/2, 327, 378 ;2-
9/2, 395 /2, 404/2-5 ; v, 79/2, 81,
248/2, 261-2/2 ; Sir Thurstan de,
iv, 92, 140/2 ; Will, (de), iii, 134 n,
142/2, 144/2-5/2, 179/2, 198-9,
357, 361 «, 373 n, 395 n, 423 ; iv,
92/2, 137/2, 140/2, 207/2,241/2-
2/2,312/2-13,389/2,405-6/2; v,
48, 55 n, 80 n, 91 n ; Sir Will, de,
iv, 311-12/2 ; v, 261 ; fam., iii, 100,
144, 150, 283 ; iv, 90, 92, 98, 100-
I, 272, 388, 395 ; v, 81, 91
Holland Causey (Halsall), iii, 224
Holland Lees (Upholland), iv, 91
Holland Moor (Upholland), iv, 91
Holland Moors (Denton), iv, 313 n
Holland Moss (Halsall), iii, 199 n
Holland Moss (Wigan), iv, 91
Holland Place (Halewood), iii, 124,

151

Hollas, Matth., v, 189
Hollinfare, iii, 306 n, 324 «, 334 ; iv,
161 «, 381 ; chant., iii, 312. 314,

INDEX

Hollinfare (cont.)

336-7, 339 J chap., iii, 314, 336,
339 ; ch., iii, 339 ; ferry, iii, 337 n-
9; iv, 352 «

Hollingpriest, Jno., iv, 201 «
Hollingrave, v, 147 n
Hollinhead, the, (Parr), iii, 381 n
Hollinhey, iv, 108 »
Hollinhurst (Aughton), iii, 298 ;

Green, iii, 285

Hollinhurst (Winwick), iv, 162 n
Hollinpriest, Jno., iv, 392
Rollins (Edenfield), v, 147 n
Hollins (Hulton), v, 26
Hollins (Oldham), v, ioo«
Hollins (Pilkington), v, 88
Hollins, the, (Turton), v, 279 n
Hollins (Unsworth), v, 169
Hollins Acre (Lydiate), iii, 207
Hollins Brook, v, 169
Hollins Green, see Hollinfare
Hollins, Will, del, iii, 339 n
Hollinshead, Hen. B., iii, 12 n
Hollin Wood (Manchester), iv, 238 n
Hollinwood (Oldham), iv, 265 ; v,
93, 96 », 98 «, 100, 103 », 115;
ch., v, 105-6 ; House, v, 94 ;
Nonconf., v, 107 ; Rom. Cath., v,
107

Hollinworth (Butterworth), v, 2I7«,
220 ; sch., v, 201 n, 220 n ; Upper,
v, 220 n

Hollinworth (Hundersfield), v, 230 »

Hollinworth Lake, v, 213

Hollinworth, Alan de, v, 217 ; Andr.

de, v, 217 n; Benj., v, I79«;

Cecily de, v, 220 n; Fran., iv,

269 n ; Hugh de, iv, 238 « ; Jas.,

iv, 199 «; Jno. de, v, 217; Rich.

(de), iv, 187 «, 196 «, 199 «, 216,

264 «; v, 217 n; Rob., iv, 199 «;

Thos. (de), iv,i99 «, 238 » ; Marg.,

iv, 269 n ; Matth. de, v. 220 n

Hollis, Hannah, iii, no; Thos., iii,

no

Holly ferry, see Hollinfare ferry
Holm, Holum, see Hulme
Holme, ch., v, 13 n
Holme Hurststead, see Holmes after

the Water

Holme, Abra., v, 248 n; Anne, iii,
151, 295 n; iv, 94 ; Arth., v,
302 n ; Edm., v, 189, 212 ; Edw.,
iii, 66, 8 1 n ; Eliz., iv, 94 n ; Geo.,
v, 248 «, 302 n ; Hen., iv, 82 n ;
Hugh, iv, 86 n, 88, 94 ; v, 303 n ;
Jas., iii, 128; Jno. (de), iv, 94 «;
v, 301 n; Jordan de, iii, 63 ;
Marg., iv, 82 n ; Meyrick, see
Bankes ; Ralph, v, 25 j Randle,
iv, 263 n ; Rich., see Hulme ;
Rob., iii, 103 « ; Sim. de, iii,
279 n\ Thos., iv, 68 n, S8n-gn,
97, 3io« ; Will., iii, 17, 367 ; v,
140, 248 n ; fam., iii, 140; iv, 94
Holmer Green, see Homer Green
Holmes (Bickerstaffe), iii, 276
Holmes after the Water (Bolton), v,

271 n
Holmes, Alan de, iii, 277 ; Rob. de,

iii, 277

Holmfirth, v, 92

Holmore Green, see Homer Green
Holt (Butterworth), v, 1 77 n, 214, 218
Holt (Little Woolton), see Brettargh

Holt

Holt, the, (Prescot), iii, 349 n, 368
Holt (Rusholme), iv, 302-3, 308 j

Hall, iv, 308
Holt Green (Aughton), iii, 284-5

Holt Lane End, iv, 273

Holt, Ad., v, 178 n, 205 n ; Agnes, v,
75, 178 n, 204 «, 223 »; Alan, v,
223 «, 226 n; Alex., v, I75«,
204 «; Alice (del), v, I33«~4«,
175 «, 178 «, 181 n, 205 n, 223 n,
226 n ; Anne, v, 271 n ; C(K)ath.,
iv, 273 n ; v, I75»; Cecily, v,
131 n, 223; Chas., v, I42«,
204-5 n> 2lSni 223> 232 n i Chris.
(del), v, 147 n, 223 n ; Clemence,
v, 178;*; Constance, iii, 393 »;
v, non, I75#, i78»; Dorothy
(Dorothea), v, 131 n, 175 «, i78«,
20 1 n, 203 «, 223 n ; Edw., iii,
92 n ; iv, 66 n, 105, 198, 292 «;
v, I37«, 175 «, 243 n; Eleanor
del, v, 204 n; Eliz., v, 137^, 175,
I79«, 223 n-4 ; Ellen (de), iii,
380, 393 n, 442 n ; v, 175 n ; Fr.,
iii, 163 ; Frances, v, 224 ; Fran.,

"', 393 » iy> 273^> v> I37«>
1 75 n, 21 in, 223 n ; Geoff, (de or
del), iv, 324 n ; v, 131 n, 137 n,
147 n, 173 «-4«, 192, 20972, 2ii n,

222 «~3 n ; Geo., iv, 53 ; v, 147 n ;
Grace, v, 212 n, 226 n; Hanna-
bella, v, I79»; Hen. (del), iii,
396 n ; v, 137 n, 204 n-$ n, 211 n,
226 » ; Hugh (de or del), iii, 362 n ;
iv, 265 n, 324 «; v, 177-8 n,
222 n; Isabel(la),iii,437«; iv, 112,
152 n ; v, 175 n, 178 », 224 ; Jas.
(del), iii, 312, 437 n; iv, 12, 112,
152 «, 324 n; v, 131 «, 137 n,
I39«, I75«, 203»-4«, 208,

223 «-4 ; Jane, v, 137^, 147 »,
I79»; Joan, v, 178 n; Jno. (de
or del), iii, 28, 307 ; iv, 85 n, 255 n;
v, 131 n, 137 n, 142 n, 147 n, 20$ n,
208, 212 «, 219 n, 221 «~3, 226 n ;
Marg. del, v, 223 n ; Margery, v,
137 «; Mary, v, 134 n, 142 n,
i66n, 178-9 n, 223-4, 232 «;
Maud de or del, iv, 265 n ; v,

1 77 »-8 n ; Oliver, v, 1 75 «, 1 78 «,
2ig»; Ottiwell, v, 204 n ; Pet.,
v, 137 «; Phil., iii, inn; Ralph,
v, 139 «, 142 «, 175 «, 223 «, 226;
Rich, (de), iii, 380; v, 8n, 137 n,
178-9, 205 n, 2ion; Rob. (de or
del), iii, 437 n ; iv, 105 ; v, 66 n,
79 «, 131 n, 133 n, 137 n, I47«-
8«, 158 n, 173 », 175 n, 177-9, 189,

192 «, 203-5, 2O7/2-I2W, 215 «,

221 #-4, 226 «; Robin, iii, 94 n ;
Rog. (del), v, 136-7 n, 147 n, *74 «,
22in-2n; Theophilus, v, 139 «,
175 «, 207 «, 2iow-ii ; Thos., iii,
83, 100 n, 131, 203, 393, 442 n;
iv, 84 n, 89 «, nSn; v, 73 n,
lion, 121 n, 175 «, 179, 205,
207 n, 209 «, 222-3, 271 «; Sir
Thos., iii, 2 1 3 ; v, 75, 1 75 », 206 n ;
Thos. P., v, I75«; Thurstan, v,

178 n; Valentine, v, 189^;
Wilkin, iii, 94 n ; Will., iii, 94 » ;
v, 149, 151, 178-9, 223; fam.,
v, 131, 135, 137, 174, 177, 188,

203-4, 2°6, 2IO, 222

Holtfield, iv, 207 n
Holthorp, man., iv, 383 n
Holton, Hoton, see Heaton
Holton Brook, see Olton
Holyend, the, (Parr)> iii, 380 n
Holynshurst Sike, iii, 440
Holyrood (Prestwich), ch., v, 76 »,

79

Holyrood Palace (Scotland), wood-
work from, iii, 138

351

Holywell, gathering of Rom. Cath.

at, (1629), iii, 268, 385 n
Holywell Brook, iii, 393 «
Holywell Carr, iv, 75 n
Homer Green, Hulmore, iii, 58«,

66, 76 ; man., iii, 70 n
Hommouth, Hugh, iii, 50 «
Homur Plock (Warrington), iii,

322 n

Hondelache, iii, 260 n
Hondfield, iii, 148
Hondvine, iv, 290 n
Honeywood, Rev. Will., iii, 236
Honford, Sir Jno., iv, 31 2 » ; Maud,

iv, 312 n

Hongfield, see Anfield
Honorius III., pope, v, 197 n
Hood, Rich., v, 140
Hooks, the, (Croxteth Park), iii,

182 n

Hooks, the, (N. Meols), iii, 274 n
Hoole, man., iii, 193 n
Hoole, Great, man., iii, 318 «
Hoole, Little, man., iii, 3 1 8 n
Hoole, Much, iii, 232 ; iv, H3»;

v, 13 n

Hoole acre, iii, 322 n
Hoole, Elijah, iv, 186
Hooley Bridge, mills, v, 136, 141 n
Hooley Hill, iv, 338-9, 351 n
Hooper, Fran., iv, 297 ; Hannah,

iv, 130 n; Rev. Steph., iv, 203-4
Hoose, Lee, iv, 256 n
Hooton, iii, 159^, 301
Hopcar, see Hopecarr
Hopcrone, Maud de, iii, 279
Hope (Pendleton), iv, 21 1-12 n, 392,

394, 397 « J ch., iv, 396 ; Hall, iv,

392, 394 n

Hope (Swinton), iv, 389-90 n
Hope Dale, iii, 405 n
Hope Hey, v, 3 1 «, 40 n
Hope Hill, iv, 323
Hope Mill, iv, 376
Hope, Geoff., iv, 153 « ; Hen. de, iv,

394 n ; Jno., iv, 394 n • Walt. M.,

v, in

Hopecarr, iii, 433 ; Farm, iii, 433
Hopecroft, v, 33 n
Hopford, Thos., iii, 244
Hopkar, see Hopecarr
Hopkin Fold, v, 99 n
Hopkin Green, v, 99 n
Hopkin, Arth., v, 99 n; Edm., v,

99 n; Edw., v, 99 n ; Marg., v,

99 n

Hopkins, Rich., iv, 64 n
Hopkinson, Jno., iv, 187
Hopkins riding, iii, 145 n
Hoppewode, see Hopwood
Hopton, Ld., iv, 337 n ; Rog. de, see

Upton
Hopwood, v, 139, 151, 161 «, 169 «-

70, 202 «; char., v, i6o«-i«;

ch., v, 1 73 ; HaU, v, 1 70, 1 72 ;

man., v, 170 ; mills, v, 170 ; Non-

c6nf., v, 173 ; rds., v, 170
Hopwood, — , iv, 165 j Ad. de, iv,

241 n ; v, 170 «, 173 n ; Agnes de,

v, 173 n; Alan de, v, 173 n ;

Alex, de, v, 171 n ; Alice, v, 171 n,

207 n ; Amaria de, v, 121 n;

Ant., v, 171 n; Cath., v, i6l#;

Dav., v, 171 n ; Dorothy, v, 171 n ;

Edm., iii, 106 ; iv, 334 n ; v, 99 «,

105 «, 158, 168, 171-2, 234 n;

Edm. J. G., v, 97 n ; Edw. G.,

v, 97, 139 «, 171 J Capt. Edw. J.,

v, 171 ; Col. Edw. R. G., v, 172 ;

Lady Eleanor M., iv, 129 n ; Eliz.,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Hopwood (cant.)

iv, 266 « ; v, 139 «, 171 «-2 ;
Ellen de, v, 210 n; Rev. Frank,
v, 171 n ; Frank E., v, 127 ; Frank
G., iv, 129; v, 97 n ; Geoff, de,
v, 158 «, i68«, 1 70 #,173 n, 175 n;
Capt. Gregge, v, 161 » ; Hen., v,
207 n ; Hervey, v, 97 n ; Isabel,
v, 82 «, 170 n; Jas. (de), v, 99 «,
171 ft; Joan, v, 99 n; Jno., iv,
266 n ; v, 82 #, 95 «, 99 «, 1 70 «-2,
207 « ; Judith, v, 97 n\ Lawr.
(de), v, 171 », 214 «; Leon.,
iv, 256 «; v, 171 «; Marg., v,
I7O«; Mary, iv, 256 n; Mary
A. G., iii, 73; v, 17 in; Matth.,
iv, 256; Pet. de, v, 121 n; Pris-
cilla, v, 207 n; Rob. (de), v, 158,
161 n, 171; Rob. G., v, i6in;
Sam., v, 207 n ; Sarah, v, 173 n ;
Thos. (de), i v, 24 1 n ; v, 1 70 n- 1 #,
I73«, 207 n; Will, de, v, 81 «,
170 n; fam., iv, 220 «; v, 99, 203

Hopwood Clayden, iv, 241

Horbury, Thos. de, v, 192

Hordern (Sharpies), v, 260

Hordern, Great, (Horwich), v, 7 n ;
Little, v, 7 n

Hordern Solyns, v, 260

Hordern, Jas., v, 1 1 1 ; Jos., v, 1 1 1 ;
Pet., iv, 302 ; v, in n

Horebert, Sim., iii, 266 n ; Will., iii,
266 n

Horewyche, see Horwich

Horley, Edw., iii, 64 ; Englebert,
iii, 64

Hormasa, Fr. Raymund, see Harris

Hornby, cast., iii, 161 n

Hornby, Anne, v, 86 ; Charlotte M.,
iii, 167; Edm., iv, I2qn; Edw.
J. G., iii, 245 ; v, 127 ; Edw. T. SM
iii, 245 ; Esther, iii, 437 ; Geoff.,
iii, 155, 245; iv, 125, 129, 131 n;
v, 127 ; Hugh, v, 86 #, 212 ; Jas.
J., iii, 437; iv, 129; Margery de,
iii, 171; Sir Phipps, iv, 129^;
Sibyl de, iii, 171 ; Thos. (de), iii,
9, 171 ; Will, (de), iii, 396 «; v,

2I2«

Horncliffe, v, 144, 147 n
Horncliffe, Agnes de, v, 246 ; Hugh

de, v, 147 n ; Rob. de, v, 142 #-3 «,

i47«, 246 n
Home, Josiah, iv, 128
Home Lake, iii, 1 5 n
Horobin, Jno., iv, 87 ; v, 9, 254 n ;

Thos., v, 254 n ; Will., v, 254
Horridge, Will., iv, 281
Horrobin Mills (Bradshaw), v,

270

Horrobine, see Horobin
Horrocks, Alex., v, 4 n, 25 ; Chris.,

v, 279 « ; Jas , iv, 75 n ; Jer., iii,

5, 43 ; Jno., v, 279, 282 n; Lawr.,

v, 269 «, 282 n; Pet., v, 282 »;

Rebecca, v, 259 n
Horrocks Fold (Edgeworth), v,

282 n

Horrocks Fold (Little Bolton), v, 25 1
Horrocksford, v, 297 n
Horrox, Rob., v, 181
Horsam, iii, 38 n
Horscar, iii, 250 «-i n ; Meadow, iii,

251 «, 257 n; Moor, iii, 251 n
Horsecroft, v, 206 n
Horsedge (Lower, Nether, and Over),

v, 95 «, 99 ; Hall, v, 99 n ; Horse-

falinge, v, 213 n
Horse Hook(s), Horseplecks, iii,

I99«, 224 «

Horsfall, Chas., iii, 21 ; G., iii, 43 «;
H. D., iii, 43 n ; iv, 48 n ; W. H.,
iii, 43 n

Horton, Ellen de, iii, 335 « ; Eliz.,
iii, 406 n ; v, 97 n ; Harriet, S. A.,
v, 118; Josh., v, 118; Josh. T.,
iii, 245 ; Marg. de, iii, 335 n ;
Mary, v, 1 18 n ; Thos., iii, 406 n ;
v, 118; Rev. Sir Thos., v, 118;
Sir Watts, iv, 22 1 «, 274 ; v, logn,
1 18-19 n; Will, (de), iii, 335 ; v,
97 «, n8«, 179 ; Sir Will., v, 118;
fam., v, 104

Horul, see Onell

Horwich, iv, 358 «, 364; v, i, 6,
ion-iin; chap, v, 4«, 5, 8;
char., v, 5 ; ch., v, 8, 9 ; Forest,
iv, 230 n ; v, 7 ; ind., v, 7 ; Lee,
v, 7 n ; man., v, 7, 14 n ; mills, v,
7 ; Nonconf., v, 4 «, 8, 9 ; Rom.
Cath., v. 9 ; the Two Lads (cairns),
v, 7

Hoscar Moss, iii, 248 ; Nonconf., iii,
257

Hose, Nich. de la, iii, 6«, 24, 142,
144 n

Hosibrland, iii, 428

Hoskyns, Edwyn, see Southwell,
bp. of

Hospitallers, iii, 32 n-4 «, 78, 106 «,
H4~i6n, 118,120,124, 129 n, I35«,
149, 161 ft, 169, 176, 19272, 194,
196, 198-9, 207, 214, 273 «, 276,
281, 356, 373, 381, 389 », 392,
408 ; iv, 79, 89, 100 n-2 n, 106-
7 ft, 119 #-20 n, 137, 140, 142, 149,
151 «, 153, 155, 303-4 «, 345>
384,389; v, 12, 19, 38, 85,98-9,

110, 121, 135, 172, 175 ft, 192,204,

210, 214, 217, 220 n-i n, 225,228,

283, 285, 291, 295, 302

Hospitallers, priors, iii, 114, 118,
302 n, 321, 379 ; Hugh de Alneto
(Danet), iii, 1 14 n ; Ralph de Diva,

111, 114 «, 281 ; Rob. de Diva, iii,
1 14 n ; Pet. de Haugham, iii, 1 1 8 ;
Garner de Nablous (Neapoli), iii,
II4«-I5«, 389 «; iv, 303

Hosyere Cross, iii, 68 n

Hotham, Ld., iv, 63 n

Hotham, Chas., iv, 60 n, 63 ; Sir

Jno., iv, 60, 63 n
Hothersall, Thos. de, iii, 299 n
Hoton, Christiana de, iv, 242 n;

Gerard de, iii, 76 n ; Jno. de, iii,

76 n

Hotspur rebellion, iv, 374, 379
Hough, man., iv, 288-90 n
Hough End, iv, 290; Hall, iv, 231,

290 n-i ; House, iv, 290
Hough Fields, iv, 290 n
Hough Green, iii, 395
Hough Hall (Moston), iv, 253, 268-9
Hough Moss, iv, 290 «, 293
Hough Park, iv, 290 n
Hough, Ann, iv, 256 ; Cecily de, v,

40 n ; Dan., iv, 240 n ; Eliz., iv,

268 n ; Kath. de, iv, 75 n-6 n ;

Ralph, iv, 240 n ; Capt. Rob., iv,

268 ; Thos. de, iv, 75 n-6 n ; fam.,

iv, 268 ; see also Halgh
Houghton (Winwick), iii, 328 n ; iv,

166, 379 n ; man., iv, 88, 133, 166,

i68«-9; v, 247 n
Houghton, Little, (Worsley), iii,

444 n; iv, 369-70 «, 376-7 »,

384 «, 389-90
Houghton, Old, iv, 390 n
Houghton Brook, iii, 322 n ; iv,

167 n

352

Houghton Green, iii, 306 « ; iv,
1 66

Houghton Lache, iv, 167 n

Houghton, Middleton, and Arbury,
iv, 122, 1 66 ; char., iv, 130

Houghton Peel, iv, i66«-7

Houghton Riddings, iv, 167 «

Houghton, Ad. de, iv, 167 n; Alice,
iv, 240 n ; Ann, iv, 296 n ; Austin
de, v, 21 n; Bridget, iv, 121 «;
Cecily de, v, 21 n, 220 ; Chris., iv,
130 n ; Edw., iv, 48 ; Eleanor, iii,
379 n ; Eliz., iii, 370 n ; Geoff, de,
iv, 167 «; Gilb. (de), iv, 114 n,
1 66 n ; Hen., iii, 239 n ; iv, 168 « ;
v, 247 ; Hugh (Hulcock de), iii,
no; iv, 167 n; Isabel, iii, no,
152 n; Jno. (de), iii, 247 n, 260,
395 ; iv, 47, 121 n, i66«-8 n ; v,
21 n, 220 ; Pendlebury, iii, 307 ;
Ralph, iv, 103 n, 121-2; Rich.
(de), iii, 333, 379;*; iv, ii6«,
n8«, 121 n, 141 n, i67«-8«,
240 n; Rich. J. de, iv, i68«;
Rog. J. de, iv, i68«; Seth, iv,
i68»; Sim.de, iii, 339 n; Thos.
de, iv, 121 «, 150 n, 166 n-jn ; v,
21 n; Will, (de), iii, 190 ft; iv,
76 n, I2on; fam., iv, 121, 167 n;
v, 284 ; see also Halghton

Hough tongreves, iv, 166 n

Houghton's Ground, iii, 191 n

Houlden, Jno., iv, 246 «

Houlton, Rich, de, v, 19 n

Houton, Rob.de, iii, 310

Houuerechaderoc, iii, 144 n

Hovingham (Yorks.), man., iii, 437 ;
iv, 383 n

Howard, Kath., Queen, iv, 399 n

Howard, Bryan, iii, 382 ; Chas., iii,
58 n; Dorothy, iii, 167; Edw.,
iii, 90 n; Jno., iv, 86; Phil., see
Arundel, earl of; Ralph, iii, 362 ;
Thos., iii, 168 ; v, i28n

Howarth, Abra., iv, 256w-7»;
Edm., iv, 257 ; v, 219 n; Eliz., v,
2ign; Jas. W., v, 67; Jno., iv,
257«; Rob., v, 2197* ; Sarah, iv,
257 «; see also Haworth

Howclough, iv, 390 «

Howcroft, v, 25 2 n

Howe, Earl, v, 101

Howe, Ad., iii, 403 n ; Rob., iii,
403 n

Howe Bridge, iii, 435 ; ch., iii, 438 ;
Nonconf., iii, 439

Howell, Jas., v, 279 n

Howes, the, (N. Meols), iii,
232 n

Howett, Cecily, iv, 114 n

Howgate Meadow, iv, 256 n

How Lane Head, iv, 364

Howley, iii, 305, 316

Howorth, Rev. Franklin, v, 133 ;
Jas., iv, 101 n; Marg., iv, 101 n ;
Ralph, iv, 43 n

Hoyland, Joan de, iv, 283 n ; v.
213; Sir Rob. de, iv, 283 n:
v, 213

Hubert the Bastard, iii, 132 n

Huchemough, Edw., iii, 140 n

Huddart, Mary A., iv, 186 n

Huddefield, iii, 27 n

Huddersfield, canal to, iv, 181 « ;
man., iv, 283 n

Huddleston, Dorothy, iii, 298 « ; v,
286 n ; Edm., iii, 298 n ; Joan de,
iii, 299 ; Sir Jno. de, v, 78 n ; Rich.
de, v, 78 n; Will, (de) iii, i6o«.
299; iv, 25 1 n

INDEX

Hudson, Jane, hi, 283 n ; Ralph, iv,
254 n; Rich., iv, 281; Rob., iii,
283 n ; Thos., iv, 201 ; see also
Hodshon, Hodson

Huetson, Hen., v, 199 # ; Thos., v,
199 n

Hugh, of the Crosse, iii, 434 ; of the
Fratey, iii, 254 n ; the Barker, iv,
logn, 174 n ; the Carpenter, iii,

399 n ; the Cartwright, iii, 398 n ;
the Clerk, iv, 370 n \ see also
Monton ; the Clothseller, iii, 263 ;
the Clothseller, Quenilda w. of,
iii, 263 ; the Hunter, iv, 404 ; the
Jew, iv, 74 n; the Miller, iii,
I77«; the Reeve, iii, 14; the
Serjeant, iii, 383 ; iv. 133 n ; the
Tunwright, Alice w. of, iii, 86 n

Hughes, Cap., iii, 359 ; Edw. B. A.,
v, 140 ; Maj., iii, 214, 303 ; Mary,
iii, 361 ; Mich., iii, 359, 361 ; Mrs.,
iii, 411,413

Hughurst, v, 261 «

Hulbert, Chas., iv, 186

Hules, the, (Withington), iv, 292 »

Hulgreave, iv, 1 1 8 n

Hulgreave, Jas., iii, 147 n

Hull, Little, iii, 160/2

Hull, Cecily del, iv, 303 n \ Eliz., iv,

400 n ; Helewise de, v, 1 74 « ;
Hen. de, v, 133 n ; Jno., iv, 400 ;
Marg. (de), iv, 400 ; v, 133 n ;
Mariota del, iii, 367 n ; Rich, (del),
iii, 266 n ; iv, 400 ; Rog. del, iii,
266 « ; Thos. (del), iv, 400 ; see
also Hall; Will, del, iii, 367 n ;
iv, 303 * ; Capt. Will. T. S., see
Dauntesey

Hulle, Elias del, iii, 132 n ; Rich,
del, iv, 244 n ; Rog. del, iii, 132 n
Hulleson, Will. J., iii, 123/2
Hulme (Barton), see Davyhulme
Hulme (Ches.), iii, 444
Hulme (Manchester), iv, 174, 235-
6», 335; char., iv, 204; chs.,
iv, 220 «, 337 ; Fisherman's Rock,
»v, 337; Hall, iv, 335-7, 382;
man., iv, 291 n, 335 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 338 ; Robbers' Cave, iv, 337 ;
Rom. Cath., iv, 338 ; sts., iv, 335
Hulme (Winwick), iii, 316; iv, 123,
140-1 n, 169/2; see also Win-
wick with Hulme
Hulme Hall (Newton), iv, 272 n
Hulme Hall (Reddish), iv, 328
Hulme Walfield (Ches.), iii, 71 n
Hulme, Abdias, iv, 328/2; Ad. de,
iv, 365 «, 372 «-3 n ; v, 5 1 n-2 n ;
Agnes, iv, 109/2 ; Alex, de, v,
51/2; Alice (de), iii, 219, 399 n ;
iv, 244 », 329 n, 336/2, 373 n\ v,
184 n ; Anne, iii, 218 ; iv, 373 n ;
v, 53 ; Earth., iii, 219 ; Benet de,
iv, 1 66 n ; Bridg., iv, 373 n ; Cecily
(de), iv, 328 n, 336 n ; v, 54 «,
102; Christian, v, 267 n; Cle-
mence, iv, 373 n; Dav. (de), iii,
51, 194, 218 ; Edm., iii, 39 «, 51,
212, 218-19, 237 n; iv, 328 n;
Edw., iii, 219 ; iv, 328 n ; v, 7 n ;
Eliz., iv, 328/2, 373 n ; v, 53/2,
62 n; Ellen (de), iii, 218/2-19/2;
iv, 176 n, 372/2-3/2; Emma, iv,
348; Frances, v, 53 n; Fran. P.,
iv, 309; Geoff, (de), iv, 242/2,
328 #, 336 n ; v, 62 n; Geo., iv,
328/2; v, 302 n; Gilb. de, v,
102; Godf., iii, 246/2, 263 n ;
Hannah, v, 53 n; Hen. (de), iii,
219; iv, 141 n; Hugh (de), iii,

Hulme (cont.)

244, 259 n; iv, 138/2, 141/2, 157/2,
328 n, 373 n; Isabel, iii, 218 n;
Jas., iii, 219 ; iv, 328 «, 373 n ; v,
53/2, 221 n ; Jane, iv, 28771; v,
53 «; Janet, iv, 328 n ; Jno. (de),
iii, 219,399/2; iv, 109/2, 141/2,
328 «, 336 n, 366 «, 371 »-3 n ; v,
53, 62 n, 184 n ; Jordan, iv, 328 n ;
Joyce, iii, 218; Kath., v, 302 n;
Lawr. (de), iii, 51, 183, 218, 220/2;
iv, 242/2, 328/2; Marg. (de), iii,
434 n; iv, 240 n, 328/2-9, 349 n,
372 »-3 n ; Margery (de), iii, 219 ;
iv, 37o#; v, 38 n; Mary, iii,
219; iv, 287/2; v, 53 n; Nich.,
iv, 328 ft; v, 159/2; Obadiah, iv,
310/2; Ralph, iv, 194 n, 200,
242 n, 328; Rich, (de), iii, 39 n,
51, 174 n, 183, 218-20; iv, 141/2,
328 «, 372 «-3 n ; v, 53 ; Rob. (de),
iv, 244 n, 319/2, 328/2, 372/2-3/2;
y, 52 n ; Rog. de, iv, 372 n; Sam.,
iv, 310/2; Sim. de, iv, 372 «;
Steph., iv, 244 n, 328 n; Susan
(Sarah), v, 53 ; Thos. (de), iii,
219, 434/2; iv, 324/2, 365*2,
37o«, 372/2-3/2; v, 46/2, 52 »;
Thomasine, iv, 328/2 ; Will, (de),
iii, 219; iv, 141/2, 157/2, 200/2,
312 n, 319 «, 328-9, 373 «, 345 n\
v, 39, 4i> 53. 242, 267 n-g j
fam., iii, 39/2, 51, 215 ; iv, 242 n,
292 n, 319, 325, 328, 372; v, 131

Hulmore, see Homer Green

Hulteley Brook, iv, 388 n

Hultley Hurst, iv, 166 n

Hulton, iv, 358/2, 365 n; v, 25;
man., iii, 432; iv, 377-80 « ; v,
26 ; Nonconf., v, 34

Hulton, Little, iv, 390 ; v, i, 25-6,
31 », 33, 35 5 char., v, 5 ; ch., iv,
392 ; Rom. Cath., v, 34

Hulton, Middle, v, I, 6, 25-6, 33,
249 ; char., v, 5

Hulton, Nether, v, 20 n

Hulton, Over, iv, 231 n; v, I, 20, 25,
31 n, 33, 249 ; ch., v, 34 ; man., v,
6/2, 28/2-9/2

Hulton Edge, v, 33 n

Hulton Hey, v, 30 n

Hulton Lane Ends, v, 25

Hulton Park, v, 25

Hulton, Ad. (de), iv, 59/2, 242/2,
270/2, I\5,?>i%-i9,?,7in;v, 23/2-
4 n, 27-9, 35 n-6, 208 n, 272 n,

286 n ; see also Buckley ; Agnes
de, iv, 378 », 393 n ; v, 24 /*, 27-
8 «, 35 n, 46 #, 80 #, 164 #, 183 n ;
Alan, v, 36, 38 n ; Alex., v, 36 ;
Alice (de), iv, 244 «, 270 ; v, 24 n,
28, 31 n, 35/2-6, 170/2, 184 n,
232 n, 288 n ; Amery de, iv, 374 «;
Amiria de, v, 47 « ; Ann(e), iv,

287 « ; v, 29 n ; Avice de, iv, 318-
19 ; v, 27 n; Beatrice (Beatrix) de,
v, 27> 33 ; Bleiddyn de, v, 26 n;
Cecily de, iv, 318 n, 370 #-i #, 374,
389 n ; v, 26 # ; Chas., v, 29 n;
Christian(a) de, v, 36 ; see also
Buckley ; Chris., v, 36 ; Clemency,
iv, 31972; Cuth., v, 28/2; Dav.
de, iv, 210, 365 n, 377«, 393 »,
405 n; v, ion, 2672-7, 46, 80/2,
173 n; Edw., iv, 258; v, 29/2,
36 n ; Eliz. (de), iv, 244 n ; v, 28 «,
35 n-7 n ; Ellen (de), iii, 448 ; iv,
326, 370/2, 378 »; v, 24 n, 26 n,
28, 30 n, 36 n ; Ellis, v, 75 ; Fran.,
v, 29/2; Fred. R. C, iv, 350;

353

Hulton (cont.}

Geo., iv, 242 n, 246 n, 328 n ; v,
36-8, 49; Gilb. de, iii, 443 n ;
Giles, iv, 239/2; Hen. (de), iv,
377 w; v, 6«, 29, 31 n, 35 ; Hugh
(de), iii, 448 ; v, 24 n, 27 n, 40 «;
lorwerth de, iv, 218-igw, 374,
389 «5 393-45 v, 26; Isabel, v,
23 n ; Isolda de, iii, 431 « ; Jack,
v, 40 »; Jas., iv, 379 n; v, 28 n,

36 ; Jane, iv, 244 n; v, 3 ; Jessop,
v, 29 ; Joan (de), iv, 318 n ; v, 31 «,
35 «, 41 »; Jno. (de), iii, 333 «,
43i«, 448; iv, 24i«-2«, 244 «,
252 «, 270,315, 345«-6«, 371 «,
378 n ; v, 5 «, 6n, 12, 21 n, 26 n-
gn, 31 n, 35-7, 40 n, 65, 80 »,
I7o«, 187 n, 225, 248 n, 261 «,
268 «, 296 n ; Jonesfield de, iv,
242 n ; Jordan de, iii, 76 », 210,
310, 322 n, 424 n, 431; iv, 92 «,
374 «, 389 «; v, 26 n, 44 n, 47 «;
Judith, v, 3, 37 n ; Kath. (de), iv,
122 «, 244 n ; v, 23 «, 28-9 «, 36 ;
Lowe de, v, 27 «; Madoc de, v,
26 ; Marg. (de), iii, 447 ; iv, 210 «,
378 «; v, 28 «, 30 «, 35«-7»;
Margery de, iii, 443 n ; iv, 210 n ;
v, 12, 27 n ; Mary, v, 28 n ; Matth.
de, iii, 361 « ; Maud de, iv, 210 n,
378 n ; v, 27 «, 30 «, 48 « ; Mere-
dith (Marmaduke) de, v, 26 n,

37 n ; Meuric de, iv, 378 n ; v,
26 « ; Nath., v, 238, 242 n ; Randle,
iv, 346 ; v, 36 n; Rich, (de), iii, 439-
40,447 ; iv, 173 n, 210-1 1 «, 318 n-
19, 324 n, 326, 365 «, 371 n, 377 «,
393 «-4 «» 396 «, 4°4 «; v, 6 n, 10 «,
12, 19 n, 24 n, 26-7, 3ow-iw, 36,
39 n, 46n-8n, 80 «, 89 n, 173/2,
225, 261 n, 286, 291 n, 296 n ; Rob.
(de), iii, 160, 310 «, 322/2, 440-1 ;
iv, 122 n, 210 «, 246/2, 308/2, 371 «,
378 «, 389 n ; v, 1 2, 26 n-7 n, 29 n,
30 «, 39 «, 44 «, 47 «, 1 70 n ; Rog.
(de), iii, 440, 446 ; iv, 244 «, 318 n;

V, 12/2, 22/2, 27-8, 37/2, 40«,

252/2, 272/2; Rowland, v, 29/2;
Thos. (de), v, 36-7 «, 49, 125;
Will, (de), iii, 76/2, 310 « ; iv, 66 «„
184/2, 244/2, 270, 288, 316, 31 8/2-
19, 362 n, 371 «, 390/2 ; v, 6, 10/2,.
24, 26/2-9, 33> 35~8«, 48, 80/2,.
232/2, 248/2, 267/2-8/2, 286/2,
296/2 ; Will. A., v, 29/2 ; Will. F.,
v, 29 ; Sir Will. R., v, 29 ; Sir
Will. W. B., v, 29 ; fam., iv, 270,
277 «; v, 6, 13, 24, 26, 35, 47, 187,,
286 ; see also Hilton

Humbar Barrel, iii, 232

Humbeldale, iii, 124/2

Hume, Dr. Abra., iv, 48

Hun, Hen., iv, 30

Hundersfield, iii, 160/2; v, 91 «,.
123, 187-9, igm-2n, 197/2,
205/2-6/2, 210,215, 217/2, 219/2,
222-3, 229/2 ; chap., v, 234 ; man.,
and Idshp., v, 223, 226, 229 n

Hundersfield, Agnes de, v, 227 n ;:
Andr. de, v, 227 n-g n ; Hen. de,.
v, 227 n ; Matth. de, v, 229 n \,
Mich, de, v, 229 n ; Pat. de, v,
227/2, 229/2; Rich, de, v, 217/2,
229/2

Hundred End (W. Derby), iii, i

Hunewyn, Alice, iv, 389/2; Rich.,
iv, 389/2

Hungerfield, iii, 50/2

Hunger Hill, v, 208

Hunloke, Ann, Lady, iii, 269

45

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Hunt, — , iv, 391 ; Agnes, iv, 243 «-
4 « ; Dav. le, iv, 244 n ; Edm., iv,
243 n ; Ellen le, iv, 244 n ;
Emmota, iii, 31 n ; Hen., iv,
184; Jas., v, 274 n; Joan le,
iv, 244 n ; Jno., iii, 94, 279 n ; iv,
243 #-4 «, 341/2-3/2; v, 84 n;
Kath., iv, 343 n ; Lawr., iv, 244 n;
Marg., iv, 209 n, 243 #-4 n ; Mary,
iv, 246 n ; Maud le, iv, 243 ,n;
Ralph (le), iv, 198/2, 243 n; Rich,
(le), iii, 386 ; iv, 207 n, 209 n,
243/2-4/2, 246/2, 343 n, 345 n ;
Rob. (le), iv, 243 n, 302 ; Thos.
(le), iv, 209 n, 244 n ; v, 105-6;
Walt, le, iv, 244 n ; Will, le, iv,
243 n ; fam., iv, 207 «, 243

Huntclough, v, 11972

Hunter, Jno., iv, 180/2; Rob., iv,
45 ; Thos., see Weldon

Hunt Green, iv, 25 5 n

Huntingdon, archd. of, Jno. de
Swinlegh, iii, 310

Huntingdon, earl of, iii, 227 n ; Hen.,
iii, 437 n

Huntington, Jno., iv, 188-91, 194,
200, 237, 349

Huntington Clough, iv, 370 n

Huntley Brook, iv, 377 n

Huntly, standard of, in Sefton ch.,
iii, 6 1

Huntroyde, v, 12

Hunt's Bank (Manchester), iv, 176 n,
182, 223, 243/2, 258 n

Hunwalgate, v, 96 n

Hur', Rob. de, iv, 206 n

Hurd, Geo., iii, 109

Hurdes, Jno., iv, 43 «, 44 ; Pet, iii,
74 n

Hurdeshale, see Ordsall

Hurdys, Rog., iii, 99 n

Hurel, Alan, iii, 399 n ; Margery, iii,

399 »

Hurleston, Anne, iii, 271 n ; Chas.,
iii, 271/2; Eliz., iii, 27 in; Jno.,
iii, 271 n ; Mary, iii, 271 n ; fam.,
iii, 271 n ; see also Hurleton

Hurleton, see Harleton

Hurleton, Agnes, iii, 270 n ; Alice de,
iii, 270 n; Edusa de, iii, 266, 272;
Eleanor de, iii, 270 n ; Eliz., iii,
270 ; Gilb. de, iii, 270 n ; Humph.,
iii, 243/2, 267/2, 270; Joan, iii,
278 n; Jno., iii, 271; see also
Richmond, archd. of; Marg. de,
iii, 270 ; Matth. de, iii, 270 n ;
Maud de, iii, 273 ; Nich. de, iii,
270 ; Rich, (de), iii, 270-1, 274 ;
Rob. de, iii, 270, 274 n, 349 «;
Rog. de, iii, 266, 270 ; Swain de,
see Burscough ; Thos., iii, 270 ;
Ulf de, iii, 270; Will, de, iii,
270, 273 ; see also Hurleston

Hurlischalles, iii, 403 n

Hurst (Ashton), iv, 338-9, 345 ; ch.,
iv, 35° i mills, iv, 340 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 351

Hurst (Culcheth), iv, 156, 163

Hurst (Tyldesley), see Tyldesley
Hurst

Hurst, Higher, iv, 339

Hurst, Ad. del, iv, 164 n; Alex, del,
v, 129/2; Anne, iii, 366 n; Cath.,
iii, 366/2; Edw., v, 12 n; Geoff.,
iii, 420, 444 ; Jno. (del), iii, 366-
7 «, 397 ; Lucy, iv, 345 n ; Mabel
del, iv, 164 n; Nich., iv, 345 n;
Norman del, iv, 164 «; Rich, (del),
iv, 164 «, 339 n; Rob. del, iv,
341 «; Rog. del, iv, 164 n; Sim.
Ho.

199 »f

Hurst (cont.)

del, iv, 164 n; Thos. del, iv, 164 «;
Thurstan del, iv, 164/2; Will., iii,
389 n ; fam., iv, 164

Hurtilcroft, v, 13872

Huskisson, Will., iv, 35, 132/2

Hustude, the, (Bold), iii, 407/2

Hustude Clough, iv, 286 n

Husum, man., iv, 283/2

Hutchins, Rob., iii, 152/2; Will,
iii, 151

Hutchinson, Geo., iv, 301 ; Jno., iv,
350 ; v, 221 ; Mary, v, 124 ; Will.,
iv, 3I» 273

Huthumbethum lache, iv, 292 n

Huton, Hen. de, v, 279 n

Hutt, the, (Childwall), iii, 103, 150;
man., iii, 145-6

Hutton, iv, 157/2, 1 68#

Hutton, Jno., iv, 256

Huxley, Beatrice de, v, 116 n ; Hugh,
iii, 243 n ; Jno. de, v, 116/2

Huyton (Salford Hund.), v, 299

Huyton (W. Derby Hund.), iii, i, 2,
151, 153/2, 158, 164/2, 168, 280,
387/2; adv., iii, 153; chant, iii,
156, 161 », 171/2; iv, 61/2;
Chantry Well, iii, 157 ; char., iii,
157; ch., iii, 152, 161/2, 171/2,
1 80, 182 ; Hurst House, iii, 169,
172 ; man., iii, 84, 116/2, 119, 169,
174; mill, iii, 1 69 ; Nonconf., iii,
156, 175; rectory, iii, 154, 181 ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 175 ; sen., iii, 157;
vicarage, iii, 153-4

Huyton Hey, iii, 169, 171-2, 180;
man., iii, 171/2

Huyton Quarry, iii, 168 ; chap., iii,
156; coal mines, iii, 168 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 175

Huyton Rawe, iii, 172

Huyton with Roby, iii, 113, 151,
153/2, 168, 175 ; char., iii, 157 n

Huyton, Ad. de, iii, 172 ; Agnes de,
iii, 282 n; iv, 84 n; Alice (de), iv,
100/2 ; v, 301 n ; Almarica de, iii,
170/2 ; Anne, iii, 191 n ; Avice de,
iv, 84 n; Clemency, v, 301/2;
Ellen, iii, 283 # ; v, 301/2; Hen.
de, iii, 118, 169-70/2, 172, 176-
8 n ; iv, 84, 87 n, 112/2; Hugh, v,
301 »; Isolda de, iv, 84 n ; Jno.
de, iii, 178/2, 282/2-3/2 ; Kath., v,
301 n ; Marg., iii. 283 n ; v, 301 «;
Margery de, iii, 170 ; Mary de, iii,
169/2; iv, 84/2; Matth. de, iii,
170/2; iv, 84/2; Maud de, iii,
178/2; Nich. (de), iii, 173; iv,
114, 150/2; v, 301/2; Rich, (de),
iii, 169 ; iv, 84/2, 100/2 ; v, 301 #;
see also Knowsley, and Wolfall ;
Rob. (de), iii, 169-70, 178/2,
283/2; iv, 84-5/2, 88/2; v, ip;
Rog. de, iii, 170/2; Thos., iii,
246 », 283 n ; v, 301 n ; Thurstan
(de), iii, 178/2; v, 301/2; Will,
(de), iii, 118-19, 169-70 n ; iv, 84 »,
99/2 ; v, 301 n ; fam., iii, 176, 283;
v, 301

Huytonshaw, iii, 178/2

Hyatt, Hyett, Jas., iii, 106 j iv, 44 n—
5/2

Hyde, iv, 320, 322 «~3 n

Hyde Hall (Denton), iv, 316-18

Hyde, Alex, de, iv, 315, 323/2;
Alice (de), iv, 316/2, 323/2; v,
lion; Alina de, iv, 318 n ; Aline
de, v, 51-2, 54 n ; Anne, iv, 316 n ;
v, 53 n ; Bridg. v, 53 n ; Douce,
v, 52/2; Edw., iv, 316/2, 323/2;

354

Hyde (cont.)

Eleanor, iv, 316/2; Ellen, iv, 316/2;
v, 52 n ; Geo., v, 52-3 ; Hamlet,
iv, 323/2; Hamnet, iv, 316/2,
319/2; v, 52/2; Hugh de, iv,
323 n ; Isabel (de), iv, 322-3 n ; v,
52 ; Jas., v, 52 n ; Joan, iv, 323 n ;
Jno. (de), iv, 216, 315-16, 318/2,
322-3, 329; v, 47/2, 52-3, 219/2;
Sir Jno. de, iv, 310/2, 323/2;
Josh., iv, 301 «, 322; Kath., iv,
323/2; v, 29/2, 231; Lawr., iv,
211/2; Marg. (de), iv, 316/2; v,
37 «, 52-3 ; Margery de, iv, 322 «;
Mary, iv, 316; Matth. de, iv,

322 n ; Maud de, iv, 316 ; v, 55 n ;
Nathan, iv, 323 ; Nich., iv, 267 «,
316 n ; Pet., iv, 323 n ; Ralph (de),
iv, 316/2, 323/25^51-2, 54«-5«;
Rich, (de), iv, 311/2-12/2, 316,
362/2; Rob. (de), iv, 315-16, 319,
321-3/2; v, 1 10/2; Rog. de, iv,

323 « ; Sam., iii, 64 n ; Susan, v,
53,219/2; Thos. (de), iv, 298/2,
322/2, 359/2; v, 52, 55/2; Will.
(de), iv, 316, 323/2; v, 52-3, 55/2;
fam., iv, 315, 322-3; v, 231

Hyle Wood, iv, 392
Hyll, Geo., iii, 156/2
Hylland, see Hillam
Hyndeford Meadow, iii, 224 n
Hyne, Thos., iii, 418
Hynis, see Ince Blundell
Hynts Brook, iii, 78
Hyrdilton, see Harleton
Hyton, see Huyton

Ightenhill, v, 27 n

Ikelyngton, Jas., see Skellington

Illingworth, Eliz., iv, 268/2; Jno.,
iv, 268 n ; Marg., iv, 243 » ;
Thos., iv, 243 n, 246 n

Impetres, Ad. de, v, 98 «, 102/2 ;
Rob. de, v, 98 «, 102/2

Impland, iv, 167/2

Ince (Makerfield), iv, 57-9/2, 101,
113/2, 120/2, 158/2; char., iv,
66 ; ch., iv, 106 ; Halls, iv, 103 «-
5 ; Higher, iv, 101 ; man., iv,
102, 119, 133; mills, iv, 101 ;
New Hall, iv, 104, 106 ; Non-
conf., iv, 1 06 ; Rom. Cath., iv,
1 06 ; Westwood House, iv, 104,
106

Ince, Agnes de, iii, 99 n, 300 ; iv,
102 n ; Alf. de, iii, 192/2, 197 » ;
iv, 102, 137, 141 ; Alice de, iv,
102/2, 138/2; Amery, iii, 77 n;
Anne, iv, 105 n ; Arth., iv, 105 n ;
Chris., iii, 286 ; iv, 105 ; Dionysia
de, iii, 300 ; Dorothy, iv, 105 n ;
Ellen (de), iv, 102, 105 n ; Emma
de, iii, 5 1 «, 263 n ; iv, 76 «, 80 n ;
Frances S., iv, 105 ; Gervase de,
iii, 79/2; Gilb. de, iii, 170,
250/2, 282, 302; iv, 81 «, 102,
120/2; Hen. (de), iii, 300, 302;
iv, 102, 104/2, 107/2; v, 300/2;
Hugh (de), iii, 27; iv, 102/2,
105 «, 1 20 n ; Isabel de, iii, 300 n ;
Ivo de, iv, 102 ; Jno. (de), iii,
51/2, 263/2, 300; iv, 80/2, 102,
105, 121 n ; Marg., iv, 105 n ;
Mary C., iv, 105 n ; Maud de, iii,
302 ; iv, loo ; Miles, iv, 105 n ;
Nich., iii, 77 n ; Rich, (de), iii,
77/2, 96/2, 99/2, 201/2, 203, 244,
250/2, 300; iv, 1 02, 118-20/2,
I38»; v, 20/2; Rob. de, iii,

INDEX

Ince (cont.)

77 n, 87 n; iv, 74 #, 102, 104 «,
122 n; Sim. de, iii, 77 «, 203,
292 « ; Thos. (de), iii, 263 n ; iv,
58, 66 «, 76 «, 1 02 «, 104-5 ; Will,
de, iii, 96 «, 99 «, 282 « ; iv, 8o«-
i «, 104 «, i2O«; fam., iii, 77;
iv, 106, 119

Ince Blundell, iii, 46, 58, 65, 72 «,
78, 161 n, 222 ; char., iii, 66 ;
cross, iii, 58 ; Hall, iii, 78, 85 ;
man., iii, 70 n, 76, 79, 197, 200,
205-6, 238, 318 #; man.-house,
iii, 8 1 n ; Marsh, iii, 80 «-i, 83 » ;
mills, iii, 80 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 85 ;
sch., iii, 66

Inchfield, v, 222 «, 229 ; man., v,
192 n

Independent Methodists, iii, 324,
354, 421, 439, 445 ; iv, 49 «, 50,
77, 83, in, 122, 148, 154, 165,
170, 216, 249, 273, 275, 335, 351,
392,396; v, 9, 39, 56, 107, 115,
250, 254

Independents (sect), iii, 234, 328,
374, 376; iv, 25 », I79«, 183,
227, 249 «, 278 «; v, 107, 127,
149 ; see also Congregationalists

Ines, see Ince Blundell

Ingeson, Cecily, iv, 292 n ; Jno., iv,
292 n ; Odo, iv, 292 n ; Rob., iv,
292 «

Ingewaith, iii, 54

Ingewaith, Rich, de, iii, 54 n ; Rob.
de, iii, 54 n; Will, de, iii, 54 n;
fam., iii, 54

Ingham, Rich., v, 219 ; Thos., v,
233 ; fam., v, 219

Inghram, v, 214 n

Ings, iv, i6o«

Inland (Aspull), see Several, the

Innocent III, pope, iii, 62

Innocent IV, pope, v, 197 n

Innocent VI, pope, iii, 189 n, 311 n

Inskip (St. Michael on Wyre), man.,
iii, 432

lonides, Constantine A., iv, 187

Ipre, Sir Jno. de, v, 22 n

Ipswich (Suff.), boro. govt., iv, 4 n

Ireford, v, 208 n

Ireland, Little, (Netherton), iii, 75 n ;
Old, iii, 75 n

Ireland, Rob. dk. of, iii, 330

Ireland, Ad. de, iii, 36, 39 «, 116,
125, 129 #, 142-4, 401 «; Agatha
de, iii, 145 ; Agnes de, iii, 124,
203 ; Alex., iii, 204 n ; Alice, iii,
273 # ; iv, 162-3 >' Anne, iii, 204 ;
Avice (A vena), iii, 144 n; Avina
de, iii, 125, 129^, 144; Barbara,
iii, 146 n ; Beatrice (de), iii, 203,
207, 355 ; Cecily, iii, 200; Chris.,
iii, 145 n, 147 n ; Col., iii, 364 n;
Dav. de, iii, 125 «, 145, 404;
Edusa (Editha, Ida), de, iii, 142 ;
Edw., iii, 49 «, 183, 204-5, 297;
Eleanor, iii, 203 «, 437 ; Eliz., iii,
146 ; Ellen, iii, 61 ; Emma de,
iii, 404 ; Sir Fran., iii, 205 ; Geo.,
iii, io2«~3«, 135 «, 145 n-6, 180,
2°3, 319, 429; >v, I7o«; Gilb.,
iii, 102, 146, 149, 204, 310, 337;
Sir Gilb., iii, 42 n, 44 n, 103, 147,
149, 312, 437 ; v, 253 ; Helen, iv,
17072 ; Joan, iii, 145; Jno. (de),
iii, 36, 102, 116, 124-5 n, 144-6,
149, 200, 203-4 n, 207, 228, 273 n ;
Sir Jno. (de), iii, 112, 145, 181 n,
203; iv, 162; K(C)ath., iii, 145,
203-4, 208, 301 n ; Lawn, iii, 59,

Ireland (cont.)

6 1, 124-5, *83, 20i«, 203-8,
212 #-13, 264 n, 268 297-9; v,
297 ; Mabel de, iii, 144 n ; Marg.
(de), iii, 146, 204, 208, 213, 280,
319, 381 n, 413 «, 429, 437; iv,
153 «, 170«; v, 253 «, 297;
Margery de, iii, 144 «-5, 355?
Mary, iii, 204 ; Maud de, iii, 144 n,
355 ; Ralph (de), iii, 39 «, 144 «,
I74«; Rich., iii, 200; iv, 406 n ;
Rob.(de), iii, 36, 39 «, 133, 143-4,
319, 355, 395 n; Rog. de, iii,
no«, 14172, I44«, 355; Thos.
(de), iii, 42 n, 124, 145-6, 203,
224, 319, 328, 337, 339 w, 393 ; iv,
156, 237 «; v, 12 n; Sir Thos.,
iii, 306, 326-7 n, 409, 429, 432,
437 ; iv, 169 ; v, 252 ; Will, (de),
iii, 39 «, I39«, i44«-5, 148, 203,
205, 213 »; fam., iii, 36, 115, 125,
144, I47», 150, 298, 318; iv, 10

Irish immigration, iii, 40, 44 n ; iv,
33,38, 5*

Irish Sea, iii, I ; iv, 16, 21, 30-1

Irk, R., iv, 176 w, 182, 222-4, 255,
259 ; v, 82, 108, 161 ; bridge, iv,
175 ; fishery, iv, 230 n-i n ; Mills,
iv, 280

Irlam, iv, 352 «, 359, 363-5 n, 367 «,
37i, 375 ; v, 35, 46 ; char., iv,
362«~3« ; ch., iv, 375 ; Hall, iv,
371 ; Higher, iv, 363 ; Lower, iv,
363 ; Nonconf., iv, 375 ; Rom.
Cath., iv, 376

Irlam, Ad. de, iv, 365 «, 371 « ;
Agnes de, iv, 371 n; Alice de, iv,
371 n; Avice de, iv, 371 n; Cecily
de, iv, 371 n ; Dolfin de, iv, 371 n ;
Ellen de, iv, 371 n ; Frances, iv,
371 n ; Geoff, de, iv, 371 n ; Hen.
de, iv, 365 n ; Isabel, iv, 371 n;
Jno. de, iv, 371 n ; Maud de, iv,
371 «; Ralph de, iv, 371 « ; Rich,
de, iv, 371 n ; Sim. de, iv, 371 « ;
Thos. de, iv, 371 n ; Will, de, iv,
371 n

Irlams-o'-th'-Height (Eccles), iv,
392-3 n ; ch., iv, 404 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 396

Ironmonger, Jno., iii, 9 ; fam., iv,
76 n

Ironworks, iii, 421, 435 ; iv, 132,
230, 274, 363 J v, 222, 245

Irpuls earth (Warrington), iii, 322 n

Irvine, Jas., iii, 420

Irvingites, see Catholic Apostolic
Ch.

Irwell, R., iii, 308; iv, 30, 174,
176/2, 1 80, 204, 217, 222, 224,

259, 329, 335, 337, 352, 363, 381 n,
397, 400, 404-5 n ; v, 46, 49 «, 56,
60, 76, 88, 128, 141, 187, 206,
243, 262 ; aqueduct, iv, 363, 381 ;
bridge, iv, 174-5; fishery, iv, 230;*-
i n ; mills, iv, 207 n

Irwell and Mersey Navigation, iv,
381 n

Irwellham, Irwulham, see Irlam

Isabel, Queen, v, n6«, 145 n,
150?*

Isherwood, Ad., v, 282 n ; Chas., v,
272 n ; Hen., v, 24 «; Jno., v, 25,
45, 272 », 279 n ; Jno. H. B., v,
271 ; Mary, v, 271 ; Nath., v,
271 ; Oliver, v, 158 n ; Rob., v,
282 n ; Thos., v, 303 ; see also
Usherwood

Island Farm, iii, 12572

Ismay, Mrs., iv, 56 ; T. H., iv, 56

355

Isokla of the Cross, iii, 25 5 n
Itharthur, bro. of Dolfin, iv, 98 n
Ithek, v, 8 1 «
Ithell, Hen., iv, 6

Jacacre, iii, 408 n

Jackman, Edw., iii, 441

Jackson, Ambrose, v, 98 n; Anne,
iii, 62 ; Atkin, iv, 162/2 ; Geo., v,
179; Gerard, iv, 277/2; Humph.,
iii, 245 n-6 n ; Jas., iv, 301 « ; v,
294; Jno., iii, 141, 328/2; iv,
181/2, 256/2, 322, 334; v, 99 «,

301 n ; Jonathan, iii, 331 ; Kath.,
v, 86 n ; Lawr., v, 301 n ; Nath.,
iii, 189-90; Nich., see Barnes;
Rich., iii, 90 n ; Rob., iii, 389 n ;
iv, 256 ; Thos., v, 105 n ; see also
Calvert ; T. G., iv, 86 ; Will., iv,
272, 322

Jackson's Brook, iii, 197/2

Jacobins, iv, 184

Jacobites, iii, 141 n, 183, 233,412/2;

iv, 25, 58, 179/2-80, 299
Jacques, Kinton, v, 25
Jam manufacture, iii, 29
James I, iii, 75 n, 89, 115, 136, 140,

146, 181, 306, 327; iv, 100/2,

299, 360; v, 178, 191 n
James II, iii, 71, i66n, 268 n, 319;

iv, 24, 50/2, 69 n, 145 n ; v, 14 n
James III, see Pretender, the Old
James the Serjeant, iv, 133 n
James, Rev. Rich., v, 156; Will.,

iv, 334 »
Jameson, Ellen, see Johnson ; Jos.

B., v, 140; Will., iii, I4o»;iv,

89
Janion, Ellen, v, 302 n ; Geo., v,

302 ; Hugh, iv, 45 ; Jno., iv, 147
Jankinson, Alice, iii, 94 n ; Nich.,

iii, 94 n ; Rich., iii, 9 »
Janney, Edw., iv, 245 n
' Jannock ' (meaning of word), v, 245
Janson, Sir Jno., iv, 44 n
Jay, Rich, le, iii, 17 n
Jeff, Will., iii, 391
Jeffreys, Judge, iii, 437 n
Jenkinson, Alice, iv, 267/2; Eliz.,

iv, 220 n, 267 n; Jno., v, 271/2;

Nathan, iv, 267, 274 n ; Rob., iv,

267 n ; Rog., v, 248 n ; Sam., iv,

267, 274 «, 339 n, 345 n ; v, 97 n ;

Susannah, v, 97 « ; Will., iv,

267 n

Jenkynson, Jno., iii, 125
Jennion, see Janion
Jenny's Green (Eccles), iv, 363
Jepson, Ad., iv, 254 n, 268 «; Jane,

iv, 254 «, 268 n ; Nich., iv, 268 n ;

Ralph, iv, 268 n ; Rob., iv, 268 « ;

fam., iv, 268

Jericho (Walton), iii, 41 n
Jerman, T., v, 45 n
Jervaulx Abbey (Yorks.), iii, 394 ;

v, i6o«

ervis, Rich., iii, 248 n
essop, Thos., iv, 128
esuits, iii, 19, 22, 52, 435 ; iv, 78,

85, 91, 208, 269, 275, 307, 340,

365,367, 376, 402; iv, 51, 170,

254 ; v, 299
Jeu, Ellen le, iii, 432 ; Jno. le, iii

432

Jew, Jno., iv, 102 n ; Thos., iv, 102 n
Jews, iii, 19, 29, 40, 45, 236; iv,

48 n, 52, 222, 251, 254, 259, 262;

v, 51, 80
Jewsfield, iv, 74 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Jodrell, Edw., v, 131 n ; Eliz., iii, 254;
Thos., iii, 254

John, King, iii, 2, 6, 13, 23 «, 43,
49, 56 n, 86, 92, 113, 1 1 8, 141,
143, 199, 230, 258 n, 270, 292 ; iv,
2, 3, 218, 393, 395 n, 397 ; v, 26 ;
see also Mortain, count of

John XXII, pope,iv, 194 n

John XXIII, pope, iii, 148 n

John, of the Cross, iii, 25572-672,
263 n, 296 72, 424 n ; of the Mill,
iii, 145 n ; the Carpenter, iii, 27 n \
the Chaplain, of Maghull, iii,
loo n ; the Chaplain, of Walton,
iii, 24 72, 3 1 ft ; the Chief, v, 35 n ;
the Clerk, iii, 12372, 39372; the
Clerk, Iseult w. of, iii, 123 «; the
Cook, iii, 39 #, 93 n ; the Gold-
smith, iii, 39 n ; the Harper, iii,
80 n ; iv, ioo# ; the Jew, v, 21 n ;
the Keuer, v, 82 n ; the Marshal,
iv, 33 1 n ; the Mercer, iii, 33 n,
216; the Miller, iv, 329 n; the
Palmer, iii, 214; the Palmer,
Margery w. of, iii, 214 ; the Piper,
iv, 13972 ; the Piper, Emma w. of,
v, 13972 ; the priest's brother, iii,
1 10 ; the Prophet, iii, 173 n; the
S alter, iv, 82 n ; the Serjeant, iv,
I33W> 341 »; the Serjeant, Alice
w. of, iv, 133 #; the Serjeant,
Hawise w. of, iv, 13372; the
Smith, iii, 170 n; iv, Son; the
Tailor, iii, 263 n

Johns, Rich., iii, 311 n

Johnson, Alice, iii, 39 72, 97 » ; iv,
367 n ; Anne, iii, 30x3 n ; Eliz., iii,
214, 304, 443; Ellen, iii, io«;
Emma, iii, 85 n, 94 n ; Geo., iii,
246; Hen., iii, 176; iv, 129,
13172, 24572-672; v, 972, 52 n;
Hugh, iv, 205 n ; Rev. J., iv,
49 n ; Jane, iii, 26 72, 94 n ; Jenkyn,
iii, 94 «; Jno., iii, 1172, 2172,
93 »~4, 96 72-7 n ; iv, 1 50 72, 246 #,
364; v, 19 n; Lawr., iii, 5872,
82 72, 91, 94 n ; Margery, iii, 97 n;
Mary, iii, 361; Mich., iii, 312;
Nich., iii, 93-4 n ; iv, 367 #,
396 n ; Rich., iii, 76, 84, 91, 94 «,
232 n; iv, 19372, 19972, 264 n; v,
19 n; Rob., iii, 39 n, 93 #-4 ; iv,
399 72 ; v, 82 n; Rev. Sam., iii, 438;
v, 772, 9; Thos., iii, 189-90, 199,
392, 443 ; iv, 15372, 246 n, 391 ;
y, 12772, 14272, 158; Sir Thos.,
iv, 28, 30 ; Will., iii, 57, 214, 304,
361 ; iv, 332 n; fam., iii, 94,
140 72 ; iv,23 ; see also Son of John

Johnstone, Sir Fred., v, 60, 65, 71 ;
Jas. A. M., iii, 449

foliffe, Hon. Cecil E. H., iii, 73 ;
Rebecca, v, 9 n ; Sir Will., v, 9 n

Jollie, Maj. Jas., iv, 285 n ; Jno., iv,
278 n ; Rich., iii, 439

Jolly, Thos., iv, 25

Jones, C. W., iv, 53 ; Edm., iv, 360,
375; v, 17472; Edw., iii, 155,
386; Hen., v, 17472; Hugh, v,
125; Humph., v, 241 n ; Jacob,
iii, 155 ; Jno., iii, 98 n ; iv, 360 ;
v, 45 ; Jos., iv, 165 ; Josh., iv,
250 ; Paul, iv, 31 ; Rich., iv, 88 n;
v, 125, 169 n, 174 w, 269 n; Sir
Rog., see Ranelagh, Visct. ;
Sophia, iv, 88 n; v, 269 n ; Thos.,
iii, 430 ; iv, 47, 185 ; v, 142 n ; see
also Dublin, archbp. of ; Will., v,
102 ; Will. T., v, 74 ; fam., v, 168,
174 «

Jopson, Jno., iv, 281 n
Jordan, brook, (Walton), iii, 41
Jordan, the Tailor, iii, 14472; the

Woodward, iv, 146 n
Jordan, Will, iv, 230
Jordanson, Margery, iii, 93 ; Thos.,

»i, 93

Joseus the Jew of York, iv, 365 n
Joule, Jas. P., iv, 205 ; Jno., iv, 216
Jowkin (Bury), v, 136
Jubilee Gardens, W. Derby, iii, 12 n
Judson, Rob. K., v, 272
Jump, Kath., iii, 264 »

Kaderokes, the two, (Childwall), iii,

14472

Kadewaldesire, see Cadishead
Kane, Will., iii, 1 56 n
Kar, Rich, de or del, iii, 63, 154
Karkebi, see Kirkby
Kaskenmoor, v, 94, 108 ; Ids. of, iv,

28972

Kastrelegh, iv, 11972
Katherine, Queen, [of Arragon], v,

59,64

Kattysbutts, iii, 428
Kaunton, iv, 143 n
Kay, Alex., v, 283 n; Anne, v,

142 n ; Chris., v, 164 n ; Sir Edw.

E., v, 123 ; Eliz., iv, 170 ; v, 167 ;

Jas., v, 135 n, 275-6; Jane, v,

283 n; Jno., iii, 414; v, 141,

17572, 28372-4; Jos., iv, 205;

Marg., v, 13872; Nevill, iii, 9;

Rich., v, 13672-772, 148 ft; Rob.,

v, 14172-272, 275 ; Rog., v, 125 n,

133, 136, 208; Susan, v, 136 n;

Thos., iii, 442 n; v, 93, 12872,

142 72, 175 n ; Thurstan, v, 134 n;

Will., v, 123, 142 n, 149 n; fam.,

v, 136, 142, 283 n
Kaye, Eugene W. W., iv., 165
Kayhull, iii, 379 n
Kay-Shuttleworth, Sir Jas. P., v,

123
Kearsley, v, i, 29 72, 34-6 «, 39, 41,

88, 9272, 186 ; char., v, 5; chs.,

v, 41 ; Hall, v, 41 ; man., v, 39,

184 n; mills, v, 39 ; Moss, v, 39;

Nonconf., v, 41
Kearsley, Lower, v, 39 ; Nonconf.,

v, 41 n ; see also Ringley
Kearsley Moor, ch., v, 41
Kearsley, Ad. de, v, 41 n; Jno. de,

v, 41 n, 183 n ; Jno. H., iii, 424
Keble, Edw., iii, 311
Keeley, Hen., iv, 246 n; Mary, iv,

246 n ; Thos., iv, 246 n
Keeling, Rev. C. N., iv, 249 ; Chas.

P-, v, 233; Will. K., iv, 187;

Will R., iv, 258
Keighley, Jno., v, 234
Kekewich, Ellen de, iii, 15 n; Gilb.

de, iii, 15 n ; Jno., iii, 15 n, 25 1 n ;

Rich., iii, 15 n ; fam., iii, 15 n
Kekewich Fields, iii, 15 n
Kellamergh, man., iii, 69, 162 n
Kellet, Nether, man., iii, 14
Kellet, Ad. de, iv, 92
Kelly, Hen., v, 13772; Jas. B., Hi,

55
Kelsall, Hugh de, iii, 413 n;

Humph., iv, 260 n ; Theophilus,

iii, 104, 107, 375
Kemble, Jno. P., iii, 341, 354
Kemesley Clough, iv, 14072
Kemlache, iv, 292 n
Kempe, Hen., iv, 274 n ; Nich., iv,

274 n

356

Kempenhalgh, see Kempnough

Kempesbirines, iv, 87 n

Kempnough, iii, 378 n ; iv, 388 ;
Hall, iv, 376, 389

Kempthorne, Jno. A., iv, 46

Kendal, iii, 303 n

Kendal, Will, de Lancaster, baron
of, iii, 49, 50 ; Agnes w. of, iii,
50 n

Kendal, Hugh de, iii, 41872; Will.,
iii, 149

Kendrick, — , iii, 307

Kendrick's Cross, iii, 368

Keneson, Elina, iii, 272 72 ; Rich.,
iii, 272 n

Kenesson, Maud, iii, 12472; Rog.,
iii, 12472

Kenian (? Keruan), Randle de, iii,
408 n ; Will, de, iii, 408 n

Kenion, Dr., iii, 41 »; Jno., v,
20 1 ; see Kenyon

Kennedy, N. J., see Cochran-
Patrick

Kennessee, see Kennetshead

Kennetshead, iii, 21772-18

Kenney, Fred., iv, 147

Kenrick, Chris., iii, I74«; Edw.,
iii, 328 n

Kent, Joan, ctss. of, iv, 93 n

Kent, earl of, Edm., iv, 93 n ; Thos.
de Hol(l)and, iv, 9372, 211

Kent, Alb. de, iv, 282 n ; Rich., iii,
124 ; Rob. de, iv, 282 n

Kenworthy, iv, 298 n

Kenworthy, Benj. M., iv, 351 ;
Geo., iii, 448 ; Jno., iii, 448 ; iv,
35 1 ; fam., iii, 448

Kenylaw Lache, iv, 1697*

Kenylow, iv, 154

Kenyon, iv, 122-3, 12672, 151,
153 72-5, 162, 169; char., iv, 131 ;
man., iv, 133, 154, 312-13 n

Kenyon Fold, v, 176 ; Nonconf., v,
176

Kenyon Peel Hall (Hulton), v, 31-3

Kenyon, Ld., iv, 288 n; v, 31, 34 ;
Lloyd Kenyon, Baron, v, 31 n;
Marg. E., Lady, v, 31 «; Mary,
Lady, v, 31 n

Kenyon, Ad. de, iv, 76 n, 11272,
151 n, 153-5, 312, 37072; Agnes
de, iii, 3647* ; iv, 151 n, 155;
Alice (de), iv, 15472; v, 31;
Ameria de, iii, 330 n ; Amery de,
iv, 151 n, 154, 312 ; Ann(e), iv,
219 n; v, 3172, 33, 73 n; Cecily,
iv, 269 n ; Chas., iv, 201 « ;
Chris., iv, 12172; Dorothy, v,
11372; Edw., v, 31 », 73, 7572,
148 n; Eliz., iv, 121 n; Ellen
(de), iv, 151 72, 155, 21972 ; Esther,
iv, 201 n ; Geo., iv, 21772, 21972-
20 72, 269 72, 345 n ; v, 31 72, 66 n;
Godith de, iv, 1 12 72, 154 n ; Gow-
ther, v, 125 ; Hugh (de), iv, 151 »,
154 n, 219 n; Isabel, iv, 269 n;
Jane, iv, 219 n; Joan de, iv,
155 72, 157; Jno. (de), iii, Son;
iv, 121 n, 151 n, 154, 266 n, 27872; .
Jordan de, iii, 25572, 41172; iv,
13372, 15172, 15372-572; Kath. de,
iv, 7672, 155 ; Marg. de, iv,
15472; Margery, iv, 12172;
Matth. de, iii, 364 72; iv, 155 ;
Maud de, iv, 15472; Pain de, iv,
153 ; Ralph, iv, 219, 26972, 281 «;
Rich, (de), iii, 41 1 72 ; iv, 1 54 72-5 72,
37872; v, 179, 198; Rob. (de),
iii, 33072, 444; iv, 13572, 15172,
15572, 215-16,26972,27872; Rog.

INDEX

Kenyon (cont.)

(de), Hi, 9/2; iv, 27, 77, 154/2,

278/2, 391; v, 31, 53 n, 73 n;

Thos., iv, 219 n; v, 113/2; Will.

(de), iv, 155, 121 «, 266 n ; v, 149 ;

fam., iv, 155 ; jw also Kenion
Kepill, see Kitepool
Kerdmanshulme, see Kirkmans-

hulme

Kereshale, Kereshole, see Kersal
Kerfoot, Jno., iii, 348 n
Kersal, iv, 217-19, 263 «, 393; cell

(-St. Leonard's), iv, 219-21, 345 n;

v, 173/2; Hall, iv, 220 n-i ;

man., iv, 219 n, 307 ; Moor

(Wood), iv, 217, 219 n, 221 ; v,

26

Kershaw, v, 223 n
Kershaw, Alex., v, 189; Jas., v,

139/2; fam., v, 99 n; see also

Kirshaw

Kersley, see Kearsley
Kettelwell Moss, iii, 197 n
Kettlesgreave, Kettelsgreave, iii,

238 n ; Ditch, iii, 197 n
Keu, Ellis, iii, 181 ; Hen., iii, 181
Keuerdelegh, Keuerdele, see Cuerd-

ley

Keverlow, v, 93
Key, Jno., iv, 391 ; Oswald, iv,

147/2

Key nan, see Kenyon
Kidd, Jno., iii, 94 ; Kidd, Will J.,

iv, 297

Kidd land (Hindley), iv, 107 n
Kidpool, see Kitepool
Kidsay Brook, iv, 84 n
Kierkedale, see Kirkdale
Kighley estates, iii, 432
Kighley, Anne, iii, 432 ; iv, 149*2;

Eliz., iv, 149 #, 150; v, 28/2;

Ellen de, iii, 431 ; Gilb. (de), iii,

434, 4435 Hen. (de), iii, 88 »,

416 n, 425/2, 431-2, 441 », 447;

iv, 143 n, 149 n\ Sir Hen. de,

iii, 427; Kath., iii, 432; Mabel

de, v, 300 n; Marg., v, 301 »;

Rich, (de), iii, 88*2 ; iv, 62, 149 «;

v, 300/2; Will., iv, 149 »; fam.,

iv, 149

Kilchiche, see Culcheth
Kilchurch, v, 289 n
Kildare and Meath, bp. of, Will.

Moreton, iii, 64 n

Killaloe, bp. of, Jno. Ryder, iv, 128
Kill Danes (Castleton), v, 202
Killingbeck, Winifred, v, 55 n
Kilmer, Edw., iii, 375
Kilmorey, Ld., Jno. Needham, iii,

271 n

Kiln croft (Aspull), iv, 119/2
Kilncroft (Huyton), iii, 174/2
Kilngrove, iii, 349 »
Kiln stead (Harleton), iii, 270 n
Kindsley, Ellen, iv, 67 n
King, Dr., see London, bp. of;

Edw., v, 66; Marg., iii, 300 /2;

Rob. le, iii, 299 n; iv, 127;

Will., v, 98 n
Kinghale, Margery de, iii, 143 n ;

Rob. de, iii, 143 n
Kingnall, see Kinknall
Kingsdown, Thos. P. Leigh, Baron

(Ld.), iv, 90, 120
Kingsley, nr. Frodsham, man., iv,

143

Kingsley, Alice de, iii, 322 n
King's Moss, iv, 83 n
Kingston, Dr., iii, 57/2; T., iv,

204 n

Kinkenhale, Ad. de, iii, 434 ; Alice
de, iii, 434

Kinknall, iv, 156, 163-472

Kinknall, Ad. de, iv, 164 n ; Emma
de, iv, 164 n ; Jno. de, iv,
164/2; Margery de, iv, 141/2,
150/2; Pet. de, iv, 164 «; Rob.
de, iv, 141/2, 150/2, 155/2, 164 n;
Thos. de, iv, 164 n; fam., iv,
164

Kinsale, Id. of, see Comyn, Jno.

Kinsey, Noah, iv, 322

Kipirclip, iv, 230 n

Kippax, Archippus, v, 74 n ; see
also Man, archd. of; Eliz., iii,
246 n ; Jno., v, iii, 234

Kirk Acre (Aughtonj, iii, 293 n

Kirkacre (Newton), iv, 135

Kirk Brook, the, v, 3 n

Kirkby, iii, 5, 52, 447 ; chap., iii, 9,
55 ; chapelry, iii, 55 # ; char.,
iii, lo-ii n ; ch., iii, 55 ; crosses,
iii, 53; man., iii, 47 n, 53, 56,
71 n, 387 n-8 n ; iv, 143 «, 283 n ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 56

Kirkby, Geo., iii, 289-90 ; Gilb., iii,
190 » ; Joan de, iii, 266 ; Jno. de,
iii, 156 «; iv, 326, 341, 348 «;
Sir Jno. de, iii, 266 ; iv, 341 ; Sir
Rich, (de), iv, 326, 342 ; Rob.,
iii, ion, 297/2; Thos., iii, 65,
190/2, 289-90, 293 n; Will, de,
iv, 341 ; fam., iv, 98, 326, 340

Kirkby Beetham, iii, 53

Kirkby Gerard, iii, 53

Kirkby Muxloe (Leic.), chapelry,
iii, 55 n

Kirkdale, iii, 5, 6, 21, 35, 70 «; iv.,
I, n, 36; char., iii, ion; chs.,
iii, 39 ; docks, iii, 35 ; Jews, iii,
40; man., iii, 35, 85 n, 144/2;
Marsh, iii, 35 n ; Nonconf., iii,
40 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 40

Kirkdale, Ad. de, iii, 39 « ; Alice de,
iii, 36 n, 39 n ; Cecily de, iii, 36 »,
39 n ; Ellen de, iii, 36 n ; Emma
de, iii, 35 # ; Godith de, iii, 35 «,
39 n ; Hen. de, iii, 36, 39 n ; Joan
de, iii, 36 n ; Juliana de, iii, 36 «;
Marg. de, iii, 39 n ; Matth. de,
iii, 36 #, 39 » ; Maud de, iii, 39 n ;
Quenilda de, iii, 35, 46 ; Rich, de,
i«, 35, 39 n; Rob. de, iii, 33, 36,
39 »; Rog.de, iii, 35, 39/2, 46;
Sim. de, iii, 39 n ; Steph. de, iii,
39 n ; Will, de, iii, 7 «, 36, 39 n,
62 ; fam., iii, 39

Kirke, Gen., iv., 27 ; Margery, v,
119/2

Kirkfield, iv, 139/2

Kirkgate, iii, 256/2

Kirkhagh, Marg. de, v, 142 n ; Will,
de, v, 142/2

Kirk Hall (Leigh), iii, 417, 422,424,

434

Kirkham, iv, 321/2

Kirkham, Thos., v, 79/2

Kirkhams, v, 79 « ; Nonconf., v, 80

Kirkheaton, iii, 44

Kirkholt, v, 204/2

Kirklees, iv, 66/2, 121-2/2

Kirkmanshulme, iv, 178/2, 192-4/2,
235 n-6n, 271, 276 ; ch., iv, 273

Kirkshaw, iv, 271/2

Kirkstall, abbot of, iii, 223 n

Kirshaw, Alex., v, 229 n ; Chris.,
v, 229 n ; Edm., v, 229 n ;
Eleanor, v, 229 n ; Geoff., v,
229 n ; Isabel, v, 229 n ; Kath., v,
229 n ; Matth. de, v, 229 n ;

357

Kirshaw (cont.)

Ralph, v, 229 n ; Will, v, 229 n ;
fam., v, 227 n ; see also Kershaw

Kiryk, Ad. le, iii, 175/2

Kitchen, Kitchin, Alice, iii, 233 ;
Anne, iii, 232-3 ; Barnaby, iii,
48/2, 232-3; Isabel, iv, 81/2;
Jno., iv, 62/2, 8 1 n

Kitepool, iii, 441 » ; iv, 363 n, 370 n,
384 n, 390 n

Kitfield, v, 5 «

Kit Green, iv, 78

Kitts, Jas., iv, 66 n

Knapton, iii, 367 »

Knapton, Jno. de, iii, 367 n ; Rich,
de, iii, 367 n ; Will, de, iii, 367 n

Knight, Jno., v, 93 « ; Will., see
Chester, archd. of

Knighton, Thos. de, iii, 8

Knights Hospitallers, see Hospi-
tallers

Knoll (Rivington), v, 286, 288/2,
292/2

Knoll Bank (Manchester), iv, 177/2

Knoll, Ad. de, v, 292 n ; Alice del,
v, 288/2"; Godith del, v, 288/2;
Hen. de, v, 291/2 ; Joan de, iii,
83 n ; Jno. de, v, 292 n ; Kath. de,
v, 55/2; Ralph, iii, 154/2; Rich,
(de or del), iii, 83/2; v, 288/2,
292 n ; Rob. (de or del), iii, 83 « ;
v, 288/2, 291/2-2/2; Rog. (de or
del), v, 288 «, 291 »-2 n ; Sim.
(de or del), v, 288 n, 291 n ; Thos.
(de), v, 55/2, 292/2

Knolle, Thos., iii, 180

Knolleshalgh, Knowlshaw, v, 2f I n

Knoll Hill, v, 190

Knolls (Ashton), iv, 345 ; High, iv,

338 «-9

Knolls (Manchester), iv, 260 n-i n ;
Great, iv, 260/2

Knolls, Ad. de, iv, 345 n ; Agnes
de, iv, 345 n ; Alice de, iv, 345 n ;
Joan de, iv, 345 n ; Jno., iv, 345 n ;
Margery de, iv, 345 n ; Rich, de,
iv, 345 n

Knot, Margery, iii, 99 n ; Rob., iii,
99/2

Knot Hill, iv, 350/2

Knotsfield, iii, 209

Knot(t)'s Hole, creek, iii, 40, 141

Knott, Rich., iv, 207/2; Will, iii,
83/2

Knottihak, the, (Leigh), iii, 444

Knott Lanes, iv, 338-40 n

Knott Mill, iv, 178, 181/2, 241/2,
335 ; Nonconf., iv, 250

Knotty Ash (W. Derby), iii, 1 1 n-i^ ;
ch., iii, 1 8

Knowl(e), Joan, iii, 176, 329/2;
Rob., iii, 176, 329/2

Knowles, Ad. de, v, 164/2; Andr.,
v, 284 n ; Ann, v, 275 n ; Edw.,
iv, 146; Eliz., v, 284/2; Ellis de,
v, 164/2; Sir Lees, v, 274/2-5,
284/2; Ralph, iii, 213; Rich.,
v, 234; Rob., iii, 152; v, 237,
274/2-5 n, 285 n ; Thos., iii, 213 ;
Thurstan, iii, 213 ; Will., iii, 106,
244-5

Knowlys, Chas. H., iii, 229

Knows Corn Hill (Barton), iv, 364

Knowsley, iii, 151, 153 n, 157, 173/2,
182; chap., iii, i68»; char., iii,
157, 346/2; ch., iii, 1 68 >; Glade-
woods, iii, 157; Hall, iii, 152/2,
157, 160, 165-6; Holker House,
iii, 164/2; man., iii, no, 153/2,
162/2, 164/2-5, 169, 175, 177,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Knowsley (cont.)

179; 279. 3^7 «5 iv, 935 mena-
gerie, iii, 166; Moss, iii, 161/2;
Nonconf., iii, 168 ; Pk., iii, 151,

I53«, 157, 159, 161*
Knowsley, Ad. de, iii, 169-70/2,

173/2, 176 ; iv, 84 ; Godith de, iii,

169 ; iv, 84 ; Hen. de, iii, 169,

173/2; Rich, de, iii, 169, 172;

Rob. de, iii, 169; Will, de, iii,

169

Kochet, v, 1 74 «
Kokenay, iv, 374 n
Kolleschot, iv, 209 n
Kronkysker, fall of, (Worsley), iv,

378 «

Kuerden, Mary, v, 98 n
Kulchit, see Culcheth
Kulnecloh (Middleton), v, 177/2
Kulne Clough (Newton), iv, 138/2
Kunsacre, iii, 27 n
Kydpull, see Kitepool
Kylchiz, see Culcheth
Kymbil, iii, 427 ; -lache, iii, 427
Kynaston Thos., iv, 302 n
Kynsy, Agnes, iii, 329 ; Thos., iii,

329

Kyperfield, iv, 222 n, 242
K) rdeleye, Kyueredeleye, see Cuerd-

ley
Kyrdmannesholm, see Kirkmans-

hulme
Kyrkeschagh, see Kirkshaw and

Kirshaw

Laboray, Alice, iv, 244/2, 328/2;
Eliz., iv, 244 n ; Isabel, iv, 244 »,
328 n ; Rob., iv, 244 n, 328 n ;
fam., iv, 243

Laborer, Labrey, see Laboray
Lache, Ad. del, iv, 112 n; Rich, de
la or del, iii, 423 ; iv, 1 12 n ; Rog.
de, see Manchester, Rog. de
Lachford, Gilb., see Bucksforth
Lachog, see Laghok
Lacy, Alice de, iii, 85 ; see also
Lincoln, ctss. of; Beatrice de, v,
192 n ; Edm. (de), iii, 392 ; v, 193;
see also Exeter, bp. of ; Sir Edm.
de, v, 1 16, 1 19 n ; Gilb. de, v, 192;
Hen.de, iii, 53??, 173, 177, 181,
231, 351 «, 387; v, 145, 150/2,
190 w, 192, 202, 208 n, 229 n; see
also Lincoln, earl of; Jno. (de),
iii, 230-1; iv, 59, 231, 243 n,
245 n, 254 n, 307, 365 n ; v, 144 72,
150/2, 190 n, 193 n, 10.7*1, 207,
229 #-30 n ; see also Chester,
constable of, and Lincoln, earl of;
Marg. de, v, 229 n-^o n ; Rog. de,
v, 190, 192, 196, 202, 211 ; see
also Chester, constable of ; Thos.
(de), v, 230 /2, 285-6 n ; fam., iv,
171 ; v, 144, 192
Ladders Lane, iii, 403 n
Ladybarn, iv, 290/2, 310; Nonconf.,

iv, 311

Lady Green, iii, 79
Ladyhalgh, v, 1 84 «, 297 n
Lady House (Butterworth), v, 214
Lady Huntingdon's Connexion, see

Countess of Huntingdon's
Ladymarsh, iv, 13872
Lady Park, see New Park
Lady Pearl (Salford), iv, 207 n
Lady Perpitte, priest of, iii, 263 n
Laghok, Laffog, iii, 381-2 n; iv,
304/2

Lagho(c)k(es), Lachog, Lagog, Ad.
de, iii, 148 ; Alice de, iii, 381 n ;
Hen. (de), iii, 148/2, 381 n ; Hugh
de, iii, 381 n ; Joan de, iii, 148 ;
Jno. de, iii, 148, 381 n ; Rich, de,
iii, 143 «, 148 ; Rob. de, iii, 143 «,
148 ; Rog. D. de, iii, 148 ; Rog. de,
iii, 115,381/2; Thos., iii, 148/2;
Wigan de, iii, 381 n ; Will, de, iii,
115, 139, 148/2, 381/2 ; iv, 304/2;
fam., iii, 148

Laithwaite House (Pemberton), iv,

7.8
Laithwaite Place (Lathom), iii, 25 1 n

Laithwaite, Laithwayte, Alice, iv,
82 n ; Anabel de, iv, 76 n ; Anne,
iv, 77 ; Edw., iv, 77 ; Hen., iii,
304 ; iv, 78/2 ; Jas., iii, 304 ; Jane,
iv, 78/2; Jno., iv, 78/2; v, 6/2;
Rob. (de), iii, 154, 304 ; iv, 76/2;
Thos., iv, 82 ; v, 21 n ; Will., iii,

3°4 ; iv, 77
Laitton, see Lowton
Lake, Jno., see Chichester, bp. of;

Rob., iii, 112 ; Thos., v, 73/2
Laling, Matth., iv, 374/2; Will., iv,

374 »

La Mancha (Halsall), iii, 192

Lambe, Will, iii, 332/2

Lamberhead Green, iv, 78-9, 89

Lambert, Gen., iii, 306 n ; Sir Hen.
F., iv, 343 ; Kath. S., iv, 343

Lamford, iii, 270/2

Lamford Brook, v, 35 n

Lamiford Vra, iii, 275 n

Lamiput, iii, 275 n

La More, iii, 114

Lamylache, Shaw of, iii, 292 n

Lancashire, Jas., iv, 246 n ; Jno., iv,
207/2

Lancashire and Yorkshire Rly.,
loco, wks., v, 7

Lancashire Fusiliers (Territorials),
v, 123

Lancashire Plot, iii, 58, 71 ; iv, 109,
145/2

Lancaster, iii, 2, 4, 44, 56/2-7/2,
163; cast, iii, 3, 4, 249, 318/2,
372; iv, 133; ch., iii, 62/2;
Friars Preachers' house, v, 13 n;
friary, iv, 161 n ; right of sanc-
tuary, iv, 1 75 n

Lancaster (and Wigan) Canal, iv,
68, 101, 115, 118; v, 299

Lancaster, duchy of, iii, 4, 37/2, 41,
70/2, 114, 125, 135/2, 143, 161/2,
200,217-18,290/2,422-3; iv, ii-
12, 396 ; v, 145 ; chancellor, iv, 17,

19

Lancaster, earldom of, iii, 114
Lancaster, hon. of, iii, 4, 13, 23, 92,

121, 230, 263/2, 283/2, 292, 378/2,

416; iv, 5, 171, 174, 206, 217,

336 ; v, 46

Lancaster, house of, iii, 14 ; iv, 8
Lancaster, priory of, iii, 104 ; priors,

iii, 6, 42 «~3 /2, 49 n, 62, 104 ; iv,

358/2
Lancaster, Alice (Alesia), ctss. of,

iii, 114/2, 230; v, 116/2; see also

Lincoln, ctss. of
Lancaster, Blanche, dchss. of, iii,

416
Lancaster, dks. of, iii, 14, 51, 54/2,

63, 68/2, 95 n, 124, 126, 143, 179,

230-1, 251, 382/2, 387; iv, 126,

206, 259, 344; v, 59, 210, 223;

Hen., iii, 14/2-15/2, 182/2,194/2,

250,262/2,310/2,387/2;^, 43;

Jno. of Gaunt, iii, 36, 42 «, 63 n,

358

Lancaster, dks. of (cant.)

179/2, 342,416; iv, 43, 174; v,
78, 159/2, 190/2

Lancaster, earls of, iii, 49 n, 230,
395 », 403-4, 422 ; iv, 115, 230 »,
324; v, 58; Edm., iii, 4, 21/2,
42, Son, 262, 299/2, 325, 394 n;
iv, 5, 370 n, 390 «, 394 w; v,
113/2; Hen. I, iii, 14/2, 42, 158,
223, 262/2-3/2; iv, 207 n, 21 on,
393 n, 404 n; Hen. II, iii, 143,
262 n; iv, 7; j<?<? a/j0 dk. of;
Thos., iii, 14,21, 24, 42, 56 n,
105/2, in, 114 n, 210, 230, 262 »,
277, 387, 4i6, 440 ; iv, 2, 5, 6, 57,
61/2,92, 11972; iv, 218 n, 304 w;
v, 89, 116/2, 125 w, 163/2

Lancaster, Alice, iii, 369 n ; Eliz.,
iii, 369/2-70/2, 401 ; Frances, iii,
370 n ; Fran., iii, 370 n ; Hen. de,
iii, 79/2, 134/2, 222/2; iv, 2 ; see
also Lea ; Jas., iii, 370 n ; Jas.
Holland, iii, 66 ; Jane, iii, 370 n ;
iv, 375 «5 Jno. (de), iii, 78, 87/2,
2587*, 365 «, 369-70 «, 393/2, 401;
iv, 159/2; Mabel de, iii, 78;
Marg. (de), iii, 134/2, 370 #, 408 ;
Margery de, iii, 86 «, 369 ; iv,
159/2 ; Mary, iii, 370/2 ; Nath., iii,
369 n ; Percival, iii, 370 n; Rich,
(de), iii, 244, 356 n, 369 n,
408 ; iv, 341 n ; Thos., iii, 368 n-
9, 370 n-i, 375 »; Warin(e) de,
iii, 49, 50, 79/2, 222 », 292 ; iv, 2 ;
Will, (de), iii, 1 7 ; see also Kendal,
baron of

Lance, Abra., iv, 112-13/2; Eliz., iv,
112 n ; Emma, iv, 112/2; Hen.,
iv, 57, 112 ; Jno., iv, 112/2; Capt.
Rob., iv, 112 n; Susan, iv, 112

Lancelot, Will., see Lancelyn

Lancelyn, Alice, iii, 16/2, 39/2; Jno.,
iii, 298 n; Rog., iii, 16/2, 39 n ;
Will., iii, 1 6 «, 39 n ; fam., iii, 39 n

Lander, see Launder

Land of the Cross, see Cross Hall

Lanedyman, Alice, iv, 398 n ; Will.,
iv, 398 n

Lane End, iv, 310

Lanehead (Ashton), iv, 339

Lane Head (Lowton), iv, 151

Lanes (Ashton), iv, 338 n

Langback, Jno., iii, 90 n ; Rich,
de, iii, 90 n ; Rob., iii, 90 n ;
Thos., iii, 90 n ; Will., iii, 90 n ;
fam., iii, 90

Langdale, Ld., iii, 303 »

Langfield, Thos. de, v, 2297*

Langford, Eliz., iv, 209 w ; Sir Nich.
de, iv, 2 low ; v, 27 n ; Thos., iv,
209/2

Langley, iv, 398 n ; v, 161, 167/2-8;
Brook, v, 161

Langley Holt, iii, 403 «, 409 n

Langley, Agnes, v, 75 ; Anne, iv,
395 «, 3995 v, I34«; Card., see
Durham, bp. of ; Cecily (de), iii,
360 n ; iv, 240 #, 399 n ; Dorothy,
iv, 399 n ; v, 98 n ; Edm., iv,
399 n ; Eleanor, iv, 399 n ; Eliz.,
v, 99 n; Evan, iii, 254 n; Hen.
de, iv, 263/2; Jas., iv, 394 n,
399 n > Jane, v, 218 n ; Joan (de),
iv, 211 n, 219/2, 398; v, 48, 77,
97/2-8/2, 178/2; Jno., iv, 266 n,
329 n, 399; v, 73; 75, 85, 87 n,
96 n ; Kath. (de), iv, 398-9 n ; v,
72 n ; Lawr., iii, 444 n ; iv, 240 «-
I n, 246, 399/2 ; Marg., iv, 219/2,
313, 3iS n, 327 », 395 », 398 «-9 »;

INDEX

Langley (cont.)

v, 78, 83 n ; Margery, iv, 266 n ;
Maud, iv, 399 n ; Nich., iii, 444 n ;
Pet., v, 72 ; Piers, iv, 399 n ;
Ralph, iii, 154, 254; iv, 108/2,
188, 190, 195, 399, 402 ; v, 72, 74,
103-4 ; Rich, de, iv, 21 in, 219 n,
398; v, 48, 72 n, 77, 97«-8»;
Rob. (de), iii, 360 n ; iv, 220 n,
242 n, 254, 355 n, 394 «-5 »• 398-
9, 405/2; v, 72-3, 78-9 n, 83 »,
85, 87/2, 134/2, 138 «, :68»; Sir
Rob., iv, 313, 315 n, 327/2, 399,
405 n ; v, 71, 73 /2, 78-9, 83, 98 n ;
Robin, iv, 379 n; Rog. (de), iv,
260/2, 398; v, 78, 96/2, 109/2;
Thos. (de), iii, 420; iv, 158/2,
263/2, 398/2-9; v, 72, 83/2, 85,
99/2, 109 n, 168/2; see also
Durham, bp. of ; Thurstan (de), v,
72, 125/2; Will, (de), iii, 444 «;
iv, 398/2-9/2; v, 72/2-4/2, 79/2,
99/2, 105, 138 n, 149 n, 158, 168/2;
fam., iv, 219, 261, 394 ; v, 97, 109,
138/2, 168

Langshaw, Gilb., iv, 70 ; Hugh, iii,
367; iv, 70, 77; Jas., iv, 70;
Lawr., iii, 339 n ; Will., iii, 367;
iv, 70, 77

Langton (Leic.), man., iv, 108 n

Langton, Abra., iv, 58, 109-10,
112/2; Agnes (de), iv, 108/2,
158 n; Alice de, iv, 90 n, 107 n,
126, 137/2 ; Amice, iv, 108 ; Anne,
iv, 149/2; Cath., iv, 109; Chas.,
y, 86 ; Chris, de, iv, 62 n ; Douce,
iv, 158; Edm.de, iii, 179/2; iv,
62/2; Edw. (de), iv, 62/2, 108-9,
149/2 ; Eliz., iv, 108/2-9/2 ; Ellen,
iv, 1 08, ngn; Geo., iv, 109 n;
Gilb., iv, 62/2, 88 n, 108, 158;
Hen. de, iv, 108 n ; Humph., iv,
167 n ; Isabel (de), iii, 283 « ; iv,
112 n; Ivo (Jno.) de, iv, 59 n, 61 ;
Jas. de, iii, 63 «; iv, 59, 62, 71 n,
167 n; Joan, iii, 101 n ; Jno. (de),
iii, 283 «; iv, 62, 90/2, 107/2-8,
126, 133/2, 135, I37«; see also
Chichester, bp. of ; Sir Jno. de, iii,
101 n; iv, 108/2; Jos., v, 86,
212 n; Marg. de, iv, 75/2, 108;
Mary, iv, 109/2, 112; v, 86 n;
Nich., iv, 112 n, 167 n ; Oliver de,
iv, 62 ; Pet., iv, 106 n, 108 ;
Phil., iv, 108/2-10, 112; Ralph
(de), iv, 61/2-2, 108/2, 136/2,
146 n, 158/2; Rich, (de), iv, 61-2;
Rob. (de), iii, 17972 ; iv, 65, 75 «,
88/2, 107-9, 133, 168/2; v, 307*;
Sir Rob. de, iv, 59/2, 61, 137/2;
Thos., iii, 146 n, 336 n, 364 n; iv,
62, Son, 104, 108, 133/2, 137 «,
149/2, 153 n; Sir Thos., iv, 59,
72 », 103 ; Walt, de, see Lichfield,
bp. of ; Will, (de), iv, 62, 108 n ;
v, 86 n; fam., iv, 53, 59, 108,
148 n

Langtree, iv, I2on-i n

Langtree, Anne, v, 22 n; Gilb., iv,
88/2; v, 48 n; Joan (de), iii,
397/2; iv, 369/2, 390/2; v, 48/2;
Marg. (de), iv, 113/2; v, ion;
Rich., v, 10 n; Sim. de, iii, 397 n;
iv, 113/2; Thos. de, iv, 59 n

Lansdales, iii, 429 n

Lanulache (Halliwell), v, 19/2

Lanulache (Wigan), iv, 106 n-"j n

Lappage, Edwin, iv, 45

La Quick, see Quick

Larbreck, iii, 67 #, 79 n

Larbreck, Will, de, iii, 399 n
Larke, Thos., iii, 161 n ; iv, 127
Lark Hill (W. Derby), iii, 12
Lark Hill estate (Salford), see Peel

Pk.
Larking, Edw., iii, 344 ; Jno., iii,

344 »

Lascales, Humph, de, v, 202 n

Lascelles, Agnes de, iii, 298, 383 ;
Alan de, iii, 298 n ; Alice de, iii,
298 n ; Amice (Avice), iv, 99 n ;
Hen. (de), iii, 17872, 383 ; iv, 99 n;
Isolda, iv, 99 n ; Jno. (de), iii,
298 ; iv, 99 n ; v, 295 n ; Rich., iv,
99 n ; Warine, iv, 99 n ; fam., iv,
99 ; see also Lassell

Lassell, Edw., iv, 99 n ; Eliz., iv,
99 n ; Ellen, iv, 99 n ; Grace, iv,
99 n ; Marg., iv, 99 n ; Thos., iv,
99 n; v, 264 n ; Will., v, 237 ; see
also Lascelles

Laster, iv, 364

Latchford, iii, 304/2-5, 316/2, 319 n-
20; iv, 152 n

Lately Common (Bedford), iii, 431

Latham, Geo., iv, 13 in, 343 n;
Pet., iv, 68 n

Lathom, iii, 238-9, 243, 247, 256,
258, 380 n; almshouses, iii, 257;
chap., iii, 160/2, 256; char., iii,
246/2-7/2; chs., iii, 257; coal
mines, iii, 248 ; crosses, iii, 248 ;
Hall, iii, 240, 253 n; Little Pk.,
iii, 1 60 n ; man. and Idshp., iii,
159, 162, 164/2-5 n, 248, 251 «-2,
256 «, 263 n, 283 ; iv, 93 ; mkt.
and fair, iii, 250 ; Rom. Cath., iii,
257 ; Spa Farm, iii, 248

Lathom, Id. of, iii, 129, 179, 238,
255, 258, 262, 265

Lathom House, iii, 248 ; sieges, iii,
163, 239, 252, 297, 413 n ; iv, 21-2,
loo, lion, 383/2,4o6/2;v,49, 147/2

Lathom, earls of, iii, 283 ; iv, 93,
99 ; Edw. B. Wilbraham, iii, 253;
Edw. G. Wilbraham, iii, 253

Lathom, Alice de, iii, 249 ; Amabel
de, iii, 158, 169 ; Amicia, iii, 249/2;
Andr., v, 126/2 ; Anne, v, 274 n ;
Cecily de, iii, 171, 428; Chris.,
see Mainwaring ; Edith, iii, 127/2;
Edm., iv, 371/2, 375; v, 287/2,
289/2; Edw. (de), iii, 129, 140,
25X» 273 n\ iy> 98 »; see also
Mainwaring ; Eleanor (de), iii,
119/2, 167, 250-1/2; Eliz., iii,
304 n ; v, 287 n ; Ellen de, iii, 25 1,
404 n ; iv, 98 n ; v, 273 #-4 n ;
Frances, iii, 175, 212-13, 385 ; iv,
121 n; Gabriel, iii, 384/2-5/2;
Geo., iii, 174/2-5/2, 352/2, 384/2-
5 n ; iv, 371 n ; v, 287 n ; see also
Mainwaring ; Hawise de, iii, 384 ;
Hen. (de), iii, 158, 177, 260,
280/2, 384-5, 404/2; iv, 85/2,
371 «;v, 273/2; Isabel (de), iii,
158, 167, 171, 251, 256; iv, 378-
9/2; v, 90/2; Jane, iv, 371/2;
Joan, iii, 158, 167, 171, 175, 249,
251, 384; Jno. (de), 111, 154,
157/2, 172, 174/2,384; iv, 371/2;
see also Almond ; Sir Jno., iii,
108/2; Judith, iv, 50/2; Kath.
(de), iii, 130, 133/2, 167, 169, 171,
178, 250-1, 255/2, 379; Marg.
(de), iii, 171, 251, 273/2, 385;
Margery, iii, 1 75 n ; Mary, iii,
385/2; Nich. (de), iii, 167, 250;
v, 4/2; Oskell, iii, 256/2; Sir
Oskell de, iii, 251 ; Pet, iii, 246/2,

359

Lathom (cont.)

257; Rich, (de), iii, 17, 101, 105,
109, no, 129/2-31 «, 135/2, 158 «,

167, 177, 249, 255, 265, 274 /2, 384,

423, 428 ; iv, 50/2, 118 ; v, 268 n,
273; see also Torbock ; Rob. (de),
iii, 104 w, 109/2, 129/2-30, 151, 153,
158, 168-9, 172-3, 175-7, 182,
250, 254/2-6, 258, 260, 262/2, 265,
382 ; iv, 98/2, 119/2; v, 4, 44//,
130 «, 273 «, 294-5 ; Sir Rob. (de),
iii, 158/2, 167, 249, 258/2; iv,
98 n ; Roesia de, iii, 249 ; Thethar,
iii, 402 ; Thos. (de), iii, 1 5 «,
54/2,93, 103/2, 124/2, 130, 147,
158/2, 167, 175, 250-1, 256,

349 «, 359, 377 n, 384-5, 432~3 ;
iv, 101 n, 121 n, 371/2; v, go;/,
287/2; Sir Thos. (de), iii, 158,
167, 169-70, 175-6, 178, 251,
263/2; iv, ii8«, 378-9/2; v,
273 n~4 n, 295 n ; Ughtred de, iii,
250/2; Vincent, iii, 384/2-5/2;
Will., iii, 31 /2, 1 02, 112, 126/2-7/2,
130,172, 212, 384/2-5; fam., iii,
116, 129, 151, 158, 169, 175, 177,
212, 249/2, 433; iv, 85, 98, 121,
371 ; v, 273

Latter Day Saints, see Moimons

Latune, see Lathom

Latus, Lucy, v, 50/2 ; Will., v, 49

Lauderdale, Ld., iv, 308

Launcelyn, see Lancelyn

Launclough, iii, 382 n

Launde, the, (Lathom), iii, 25 1 n

Launder, Jno., iv, 141, 147/2;
Marg., iv, 147 n ; Thos., iv, 147 «

Lauria, Jno. A., v, 182

Lauton, see Lowton

Law, the, (Tottington), v, 147/2

Law(e), Edm., v, 147 n ; Hen., iii,
107 ; Jas. Thos., iii, 107 ; Joan
del, v, 232 n ; Jno. (del), iii, 239 ;
v, 147 «, 230/2 ; Oliver, v, 147 n ;
Randle, iii, 410/2 ; Rich., iii, 63 n;
Rob. (del), iv, 359, 370/2; v,
230 /2, 232 n ; see also Lowe

La Warr, Warre, see Warre

Lawfield, iv, 143/2

Lawfield, Emma, iii, 361 n ; Thos.,
iii, 361 n

Lawrence, Chas., iii, 12/2; Edm.,
iii, 69/2; Sir Edw., iv, 53; Jas.,
iv, 304 n ; Joan, iv, 304 n

Lawrenson, Jas., iii, 140/2

Laws, the, (Walton), iii, 27 n

Lawson, Eliz., iii, 269, 271 n ; Hen.,
v, 280 ; Sir Hen., iii, 338 n ; Jno.,
iii, 269, 271 n ; v, 261 n ; Sir Jno.
G., v, 144 n ; Jno. S., v, 261 n ;
Mary, v, 261/2; Rich., v, 66/2;
Rev. Sam., v, 261/2; Will.,v, 66-7/2

Lawton, Ad. de, iv, 133/2, 13872,
151,153/2,168; Aldusa de, iv,
151/2, 155/2; Alice (de), iii, 264; iv,
151 «-2 n ; Cecily de, iv, 1 5 1 n-2 //;
Dav., iii, 3/2 ; Ellen de, iv, 151 «,
155 n ; Felicia de, iv, 151 » ; Gilb.
de, iv, 15 1 n ; Godith de, iv, 1 54 n;
Hawise de, iv, 151 « ; Hen., iii,
393 n ; Hugh de, iv, 151 n; Jas.,
iii, 393/2; iv, 272; v, III, 221 ;
Jno., iii, 389 n ; Jordan de, see
Kenyon ; Jos., iii, 108/2, 117,
130/2; Mary de, iv, 151/2; Pain
de, iv, 151/2, 153/2; Rich, de, iv,
151/2-2/2; Rob. de, iv, 152/2,
154 ; Steph. de, iv, 151 «, 154/2 ;
Thos. (de), iv, 151/2, 272 ; Will,
de, iii, 334/2; iv, 151, 154-5

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Lawton Lidgate (Ches.), iii, 200 n

Lawyke, see Quick

Laycock, Laycoc, Mary, iii, 448 ;
Rich, de, iii, 1 32 n ; Rob. de, iii,
I32# ; Thos., iii, 448

Laye, Hugh de, iv, I33»

Layot, Eliz., iii, 148 ; Ellen, iii, 148;
Jno. (de), iii, 148-9, I53«-4J
Rich., iii, 148 ; Rob. (de), iii, 148;
iv, 151 ; Thos., iii, 148 ; Will., iii,
148

Layot's Hall (Childwall), iii, 148 n

Layton, man., iii, 3i8#, 320

Lay ton, Dame Cecily de, iv, 156 #-
7 ; Dorothy, iv, 145 n; Jno., iii,
354 n ; Phil., iii, 354 n ; Ralph,
iv, 145 n

Lea, iii, 49, 105 n

Lea Green, iii, 355

Lea, Agnes de, v, 246 n ; Avice de,
iii, 49 #; Baldwin de, iii, 211;
Bryan, iii, 90 n, 362 ; Clemency
de, iv, 149 n ; Hen. de, iii, 49, 50,
79, 96«-7«, 188-9, 292; iv, 6,
173 n; v, I3O# ; Sir Hen. de, iii,
97 n; v, 246 n ; Isolda de, iii,
96 n; Jno. de, iii, 50 «, 223,
230 n; Marg., iii, 393 n ; Nich.
de, iii, 49 n, 50 ; Will, de, iii, 49,
76 », g6«, 211 ; iv, I49»; fam.,
iii, 96 ; see also Lee, Legh, Leigh,
Ley, Leye

Leach, Dan., v, 176 ; Jas., v, 222 ;
Jno., iii, 55 ; Sarah, v, 189

Leachfield, iv, 145 n

Leadbeater, Will., iv, 130

Leadbetter, Alice, iii, 373

Leaf, Geo., iii, 109

Leanothewind, Ad., iii, 75 n

Leasowe Tower (Ches.), iii,
163^

Leatherbarrow, Ad. de, iii, 361 n ;
Alice, iv, 70 n ; Hen., iii, 296 n ;
Miles, iv, 70 ; Orlando, iv, 70 n ;
Thos., iii, 286

Leathwaite, Jno., iii, 82 n, 434

Leay, Bryan, iii, 347 n

Leche, Jno., iii, 271 n ; Mary, iii,
271 »

Leckonby, Rich., iii, 361 n

Ledewarden Brook, v, 295 n

Ledsam, Pet., iv, 297

Lee, the, (Aspull), iv, 121 n

Lee (Little Woolton), iii, 117,
1 20

Lee, the, (Rainhill), iii, 371 n

Lee Mill (Deane), v, 5 n

Lee, Alice (deordela), iii, 218 n\
v, 21 1 n ; Ameria, iii, 218 n; Ann,
iv, 183 ; Chris., iii, 106 ; Edw., v,
189; Eliz., iii, 39 #; Emma de,
iii, 371 n; Geo., iii, 128 #; Gilb., iv,
II4«; Griffith de la, iii, 87 #;
Hen. (de or del), iii, 36 n, 96 n,
370 n; Hugh de, v, io8#; see
also Ley ; Isabel, iv, 393 « ; Jas.
P., see Manchester, bp. of; Jno.
de, iii, 37. n ; Ralph, iii, 218 »;
Rich, (de), iii, 96 n, 2i8«, 232 «;
Rob. (de la), iii, 39 », 21 8 # ; iv,
io6#; v, 211 n; Rog. de, iii,
96 n, 37o«-i#; Rowland, see
Lichfield, bp. of ; Sim. de, v, 108 n;
Will, (de or del), iii, 48, 96 »,
37o«-i«; fam., iii, 96, 218 «,
370 ; see also Lea, Legh, Leigh,
Ley, Leye

Leech, Jno., iv, 309 ; Zachary, iii,
220, 225

Leeche, see Leigh

Leeds and Liverpool Canal, iii, 32,
66, 74, 95, 98«-9, 183, 192, 197,
234 «, 240, 247 »-8, 414 ; iv, 68,
in

Lees (with Crossbank), iv, 338-9,
345 ; Mills, iv, 340 ; Nonconf., iv,
351 ; Spa, iv, 340

Lees, Ad., iv, 345 n ; Agnes, v, 95 n;
Alex., v, 95 n ; Dan., v, 96 n;
Denise de, iv, 98 n ; Edw., v,
96 n ; Col. Edw. B., v, 118 ; Geo.,
v, 96 n ; Jas., iv, 301 n ; v, 107 n;
Jno., v., 84, 93, 96, 98 n, 101,
107 «, 1 1 5 n ; see also Worsley ;
Jno. F., v, 96 »; Jos., v, 107 n;
Marg. del, v, 98 n ; Ralph, see
Legh; Rich, (de or de les), iv,
98 n, 341 n; v, 19; Rob., iv,
343 «, 345 n; Sam., v, 107;
Steph. de, iv, 98 n ; Thos., iv,
345 « ; fam., v, 101, 118

Leese, Jos., v, 25

Leesfield(s), (Ashton), iv, 339 ; char.,
iv, 351 »; chs., iv, 351

Leesfield (Oldham), ch., v, 106

Lees Hall (Oldham), v, 93, 98

Lefre, see Lever

Leg, Hen., iii, 193^

Legay, Isaac, iii, no; Kath., iii,
lion; Pet., iii, no; Sam., iii,
no

Legge, Jno., iii, 344

Legh, Alice (de), iii, 426 ; v, 83 j
Anne, iii, 406; iv, 288 #, 310 n,
367, 380 n; v, 219 n; Ashburn-
ham, iv, 136; Creature, v, 83 n;
Dame Dorothy, iii, 432 ; iv, 362 n,
380, 391 ; v, 5 «, 30 n ; Edm., iv,
310 n; Edw., iv, 310 »; Eliz., iii,
444 ; iv, 367 ; v, 83 n ; Ellen, iv,
125 ; Frances, iii, 331 ; Fran., iv,
255 ; Geoff., iv, 309 n ; Geo., iv,
288 «, 357, 364, 367, 375, 38o »;
Gerard, iv, 310 n; Gilb. de, iii,
62; Gowther, iv, 126 #, 129-30,
I34», 141 ; Henrietta M., iii, 437;
Hen. (de), iii, 426; iv, 310 »;
Isabel, iii, 46 «; iv, 240 «, 309 n ;
Jas., v, 83 n ; Jane, iv, 144 n ;
Joan (de), iii, 327; iv, 139; Jno.
(de), iii, 36, 444 ; iv, 211 n, 241 »,
3O9«-io«, 395 n ; v, 83 ; Sir Jno.
de, iv, 3O9«-io«; Kath., iv,
399 n; v, 83; Lora de, iii, 36;
Marg., iii, 330 ; v, 83 n ; Maria,
iv, 1 70 n ; Maud de, iv, 79 «,
210 n-i I n ; v, 48 n ; Pet. (de), iii,
36, 316 «, 323, 330, 437; iv, 133 »
-4», 136-9, 149, 256; Sir Pet.,
iii, 81, 305, 327-9 », 331, 333,
371 «, 406, 432 ; iv, 125, 130, 144 »,
25572,380; v, 30 n; Piers, iii,
32772, 331 ; v, 22 n; Sir Piers, iii,
327; iv, 79 n, 367 n; Ralph, iv,
361 n ; Rich, (de), iii, 64, 331 ; iv,
123, 125, 134, 241 n, 3io«, 367;
v, 219 n : Rob. (de or del), iii, 36,
46 n; iv, 79 n, 80, 98 n, 210 »-
1 1 n, 341 n ; v, 48 n, 83 n ; Rog.,
v, 83 n ; Thos. (de), iii, 8, 63,
IS6 n, 33372,426; iv, 131/2, 15272,
17072, 24072, 31072, 36772, 39972;
v, 83 ; Thos. P., iv, 1367* ; Will,
(de), iii, 426; iv, 309-10 #; Sir Will,
de, iv, 157 «; Will. J., iv, 132 n;
fam., iii, Sn, 321, 327-8, 447; iv,
79, 125 72, 148 ; v, 203 ; see also
Lea, Lee, Leigh, Ley, Leye

Legh-Keck, Eliz., iii, 437 ; Geo. A.,
»i, 437

360

Leicester, boro. govt, iv, 4 n

Leicester, bp. of, Fran. H. Thick-
nesse, v, 4

Leicester, earl of, iii, 249 n ; iv,
19672, 33272; Rob. Dudley, iii,
328 n, 432 ; Thos. Coke, iv, 327 72;
Thos. W. Coke, iv, 263, 327

Leicester, Hen. de, iii, 105 ; Jas., iv,
297; Jno., iv, 143 »; Ralph de,
iv, 59 n, 60

Leigh, iii, i, 318,414-15,422,426,
434-S; iv, 15°; v, 2272; adv.,
iii, 416, 424 ; char., iii, 415, 421 ;
cheeses, iii, 414, 439 ; ch., iii,
415,41972-22, 425, 43072, 43272,
435 «, ' 437, 447 « J ind., iii, 414 j
mkts. and fairs, iii, 414, 429 ;
Nonconf., iii, 421 ; Rom. Cath.,
iii, 421 ; sen., iii, 421, 426, 430

Leigh, Thos. Ld., iv, 381 n

Leigh, Agnes (de), iii, 433 « ; iv, 91 «;
Alex., iv, 86, 91 «, 12072 ; Alice,
iii, 239 n ; iv, 91 n ; Anne, v, 24 72,
29972; C(K)ath., iii, 13072; iv,
91 ; v, 40 «, 7972 ; Chas., iv, 77 ;
Edw., iv, 85-6, 9372; v, 189;
[Sir] Egerton, v, 49 n ; Eliz., v,
49 n, 295 n ; Ellen (de), iii, 239 ;
iv, 9172; v, 5172; Emma (Em-
erentia), iv, 91 ; Evan, iv, 340 ;
Geo., iii, 130^; iv, H9«; Gilb.,
v, 232 n ; Hannah, iv, 362 n ;
Hen. de, iii, 427, 433 n ; iv, 75 n ;
Capt. Hen. G., iii, 6 n ; Holt, iv,
85,90, I20»; v, 2877* ; Hugh
de, v, 23 #-4 n ; Isabel, v, 143 n ;
Jas. (de), iv, gin, 93 «, 122; v,
24 n; J. C. G., iii, 6; Jas. G., iii,
8, 190, 220; Jane, iv, 67 «, 91 n ;
Joan, v, 40 ; Jno. (de), iii, 6, 39,
iio«, 361^, 433; iv, 45, 97,
1 06 n ; v, 23 «-4 «, 40, 5 1 «, 299 «;
Jno. G., iii, 6 n ; Jno. J., iv, 91 n ;
Jno. S., iii, 6«, 8, 12 n; Mabel
de, v, 24 n ; Marg. (de), iv, 91 ;
v, 52 »; Margery, iv, 244 »;
Mary, iii, 108 n ; iv, 85 n, 245 n,
380 «; Nich., iii, 239 »; Pet., iv,
245 n ; v, 49 n ; Phil, (de la), iii,

387 n-8 n; iv, gin ; Sir Piers, iv,
153 n; Rich, (de la), iii, 8, 190,

388 n ; iv, 91 n, 93 ; v, 24 n, 40-
i n ; Rob. (de la), iii, 388 n ; v,
7 «, 24, 303 ; Sir Rob. H., iv,
90, 120; v, 301 n; Rog. (de),
iii, 435 n; iv, 67 n, 86, 90, 120,
122 ; v, 24 n ; Rog. H., iv, 120 n;
Thos. (de), iii, 331 »; v, 24 «, 40,
79 n, 86 n; Thos. G., iii, 8, 9;
Thos. P., see Kingsdown, Baron ;
Sir Thos., iv, 380 «; Thurstan
de, v, 24 »; Urian, v, 34 ; Will,
(de la), iii, 176, 388 n; iv, 165,
278 ; v, 20, 24 ; fam., iii, 34 ; iv,
90, 93, 120 ; v, 24 ; see also Lea,
Lee, Legh, Ley, Leye

Leike, Hugh, iii, 102

Leland, Jno., iv, 69

Lempri£re, Dr., v, 25 1

Lenall, iii, 147^

Lench, v, 145, 150; see also Cowpe

Lenchcarr, v, 228 n

Lente, Alan de, iii, 24 n ; Will de,

iii, 24 n

Lenton Priory, iv, 219, 345
Leo XIII, pope, iii, 91
Leonards (Huyton), iii, 1 72 «
Lepar Lache, Leparslache, iv, 377 n',

v, 40 n
Lepers, hosp. for, iii, 1 77 n

INDEX

Leprous, Jno., iii, 17772; Rich., iii,

\rj*

Lese clough, v, 220 n

Lester, Thos. M., iii, 35

Lestold, v, 7 n

Lestrange, Sir Baldwin, iii, 69 n

Lethor, Hugh, v, 187 n

Letts, Ernest F., iv, 273

Le Twecheles, see Twitchills

Leute, Uctred, iv, 84

Levenat (c. 1202), iii, 283 n

Leveng Bridge, iv, 16772

Levenshulme, iv, 174, 288, 309-10;
chs., iv, 310; man., iv, 309;
Man. House, iv, 309 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 20372, 310; Rom. Cath., iv,
310 ; sch., iv, 201 n, 203 n

Levenshulme, Back, iv, 309

Lever, Darcy, see Darcy Lever

Lever, Great, v, 151, 182, 186, 235,

238 n, 249; chap., v, 159, 186 ;
char., v, 16072; ch., v, 187; Hall,
v, 185 ; man., v, 35, 182 ; Non-
conf., v, 187

Lever, Little, v, 180, 235, 23872,
262, 266 ; char., v, 242 n ; ch., v,
266 ; man., v, 58, 263 ; Nonconf.,
v, 266

Lever Edge, v, 182

Lever Moor, v, 18372

Lever, Ad. de, iv, 243 n, 265 72, 324,
331 n, 378 n ; v, 27, 35, 37 n, 39 «,
4172, 58 n, 125 n, 182 72-4, 186-7,
263; Agnes de, v, 3572, 18372,
263 n; Alex., v, 238 n, 246 n;
Alice (de), iv, 219 n; v, 182 #-3 «,
iS6n; Aline de, v, 27, 183;*;
Alwardde, v, 182 72, 18672 ; Andr.,
v, 187, 264 n ; Anne, iv, 232; v,
83, 247 n ; Sir Assheton (Ashton),
v, 82 n, 84 ; Avice (Amice) de, v,
35 n, 183 72; Cath., v, 8372-4 «j
Darcy, v, 84 n ; Sir Darcy, v,
83-4, 118 ; Dorothy, v, 84, 118 ;
Eliz., iv, 217 n ; v, 187 72, 264 72-5 ;
Ellis de, iv, 324 72; v, 18372,

263 n-4 n ; Emma de, v, 35 «,
37 «, 182; Frances, v, 290 n;
Giles, v, 4072, 18472, 18772, 239,

264 72, 288 n ; Heath, v, 264 n ;
Hector, v, 187 n; Hen. (de), v, 182
-472, 18772, 26372-472; Jas., v,
246 72-7 72, 264 72-5 n, 290 ; Jane,
iv, 232 ; v, 83 72, 265 n ; Janet, v,
187 n; Joan, v, 35 n, 18411; Jno.
(de), iv, 242 n ; v, 35 72, 4072, 83-4,
lion, 181 #-3, 18772, 240, 246 n,
251, 264 ; Jno. R., iv, 242 n ; v,
84 n ; Lawr. de, v, 183 n ; Leising
de, v, 3572, 37 n, 182, 263;
Lettice de, v, 263 n ; Marg. (de),
iv, 152 n; v, 38, 183 72-4, 187 n ;
Margery de, v, 288-9 > Matth. de,
v, i82«, 18672; Ralph (de),
v, 1 83 72, 264 n ; Rawsthorne, iv,
219 ; Rich, (de), v, 183 n, 264 n ;
Rob., iv, 232, 242 ; v, 82-4 «,

239 72, 248 72, 264 72-5, 290, 292 n ;
Rog. (de), v, 4072, 18372-4, 18772,
246-7 n; Sam., v, 24672-772;
Thos., v, 91, 24672-772; 264;
Thomasine, v, 264 n ; Will, (de),
iv, 97, 152 72, 219, 379 n, 406 72;
v, 40 n, 182-3, 18772, 263-4 n,
289; Will. H., v, 249, 254 n, 259,
291 ; fam., iv, 277 ; v, 263

Leveson-Gower, Ld. Fran., see

Ellesmere, earl of
Levynges croft, iii, 329, 332 n
Lewen Green, iii, 76 n

Lewes, Will., iv, 97

Lewin, iii, 270 n

Lewis, Will., iii, 102, 106; iv, 164

Lewknor, Edw., iv, 145 n

Lexington, Rob. de, iii, 24 n

Ley, Ad. del, iv, 99 n ; Chris., iii,
368 n; Edm., iii, 218, 361 «;
Eliz., iii, 218, 368; Hugh, iii,
368-9 n ; Humph., iii, 218; Jane,
iii, 361 n ', Jno., iii, 211 72, 21872,
368 n ; Marg., iii, 369 n ; Mary, iii,
218 n; Rich., iii, 218, 369 n ;
Thos., iii, 369 n ; WilL, iii, 218 «-
19; fam., v, 14772; see also Lea,
Lee, Legh, Leigh

Ley Boughtanrode, v, 21 8 n

Ley Brook, see Cringle

Leycester, Eleanor, v, 36 « ; Geo.,
iv, 3837*; Oswald, iv, 350; Pet.,
v, 22 n

Leye, Ad. de la, v, 101 n ; Margery
de la, v, 101 n ; Rich, de la, v,
101 n ; see Lea, Lee, Legh, Leigh,
Ley

Leyerich, Ridding, iv, 84 »

Leyfield, iii, 19

Leyhead, Little, iv, 393 n

Leyland, hund., iii, i, 3, 265 ; iv,

97

Leyland, man., iii, 69 ; ch., iii, 379 «

Leyland and Bullins' Bank, founder
of, iii, 26 n

Leyland Green, iv, 142

Leyland, Agnes, iii, 364 »; Alice,
iii, 447 ; Anne, iii, 447 ; Cecily,
iii, 447 ; Chas., iii, 425 n ; Elea-
nor, iii, 447 ; Geo., iii, 58 n; Jno.
(de), iii, 447; iv, 11472, 206 n;
Lora de, iv, 76 n ; Rich., iii, 57 n j
Rob. (de), iii, 440 n, 447 ; iv, 76 « ;
v, 14772 ; Thos., iii, 26, 30, 88 72,
417, 420, 447; Thurstan, de iii,
447 5 Will, (de), iii, 54 72, 364 72 ;
iv, 1 1372-1472, 155/2; Sir Will.,
iii, 65, 10472, 15372, 16072, 289,
296 72, 349 72, 430, 447 ; iv, 153 72 ;
fam., 111, 447 ; iv, 114 ; v, 147 n

Leylandshire, Pet. de, iii, 83 72

Leyot, see Layot

Lichfield (Staff.), iv, 130 ; cath., iii,
104; iv, 6o-i72, 125, 19372; v,
44, 238

Lichfield, bp. of, iii, 6 72, 29 72, 88 72,
10472-572, 127, 12972, 13472, 145,
177-9, 193-4 «, 243, 257, 27772,
339, 383 »J iv, 8, 43, 59, 126,
136, 284 72, 296 72, 358 72-9, 361 n ;
v> I97> 238 ; Will. Booth, see
York, archbp. of ; Will, de Corn-
hill, iii, 153 72, 243 ; v, 44 72, 197 72 ;
Walt, de Langton, iii, 343 n ; iv,
193 ; Rowland Lee, iv, 393 ; Rog.
de Meulan (Meulent), iii, 153, 243,
34372, 416; iv, 35872; v, 44,
197 72 ; Geoff, de Muschamp, iii,
15372; Hugh Nonant, iii, 672;
iv, 357»; Rog., Hi, 51 n, 12572,
404 72 ; Alex, de Stavenby, iii,
153 »J iv, 358 «; v, 4472, 19772;
Rob. Stretton, iii, 15672

Lichfield, dean and chapt., iii, 153 ;
iv, 358 72

Lichfield, earl of, iii, 71 72

Lichfield, Hen. de, iii, 244

Lichford, Rich., iv, 201 72

Lidbottom, iv, 25 5 72

Lidford, West, (Somers.), man., iii,
16272

Lidyard, Edw., iv, 345 72 ; Margery,
iv, 345 * ; Thos., iv, 345 72
361

Lidge, founding of English Coll. at,

iv, 144

Lightbank, v, 230 72
Lightbody, Ad., iii, 1 25 72 ; Eliz., iii,

127; Rob., iii, 125 72 ; fam., iii, 125
Lightbown Green (Worsley), iv, 376
Lightbowne (Moston), iv, 270 ; Hall,

iv, 265, 268
Lightbowne, Anne, iv, 253 72-4 72 ;

Eliz., iv, 26872 ; Jas., iv, 253 72-4 72,

266 72, 268 ; Jane, iv, 254 72, 268 72 ;

Jno., iv, 207 72, 223 72, 268 72 ;

Sam., iv, 268 72 ; fam., iv, 268
Lightfoot, Ad., iii, 90 72 ; Jno., vr

126 ; fam., iii, 90
Light Hazels (Rochdale), v, 21072
Lightoakes (Bedford), iii, 434
Lightokes, Jno. del, iii, 434
Ligh tollers, v, 227
Lightollers, Cecily de, v, 208 72 ;

Geoff, de, v, 208 72 ; Jas., iii, 293 72;

Joan, v, 22772, 22972; Marg., v,

22772; Mich, de, v, 22972; Rich.

(de), V, 22O 72, 227 72, 229 72 J Rog.

de, v, 227 72 ; Will, de, v, 202 72,

21772, 22772
Lightshaw, iv, 148, 31072; man.,

iii, 8872; iv, 149
Lightwood, Jno., iii, 3072 ; Will., iii,

3072

Lilburne, Col., iv, 69
Lilford (Baron), iii, 310, 312, 409-10,

412, 438; Jno. Powys, iii, 326,

418, 424, 429, 437 ; Thos. Powys,

iii, 418, 437; Thos. L. Powys, iii,

437
Lilford, Henrietta M. Powys, brnss.,

»i, 437

Lily Lanes, iv, 35072

Limefield, v, 128

Limehurst, iv, 339, 345 n

Limepithurst, Agnes de, iv, 345 72 ;.
Rich, de, iv, 345 72

Limerick farm (Bedford), iii, 434

Limesey, Pet. de, iv, 116

Limput hurst, iii, 447

Linacre, iii, 32-3, 7072, 114 ; ch., iii,.
34; man., iii, 34, 3872; see also
under Bootle

Linacre Marsh, iii, 32

Linacre, Ad. de, iii, 3472; Emma
de, iii, 97 72 ; Geoff, de, iii, 33 72,
97 72 ; Gilb. de, iii, 33 72, 97 72 ;.
Hen. de, iii, 34 72, 96 72-7 72 ; Hen..
D. de, iii, 97 72 ; Hugh de, iii, 33,
9772; Jno. de, iii, 3372-472, 9772,.
389 72 ; Jno. de, iii, 97 ; Jordan
de, iii, 34 72 ; Rich., iii, 34 72 ;
Rob. de, iii, 3472, 9672; Steph.
de, iii, 33 72 ; Thos., iii, 34 72, 90 72,.
94 72, 97 72; Dr. Thos., iv, 62 ;WilL,.
iii, 9772 ; fam., iii, 33, 97, 38972

Linaker (Culcheth), Will., iv, 272 72

Linall, pk. of, iii, 14372

Linals, Maud, iv, 20672

Lincoln, bp. of, Will. Barlow, iv,.
29972; Will. Chadderton, iv, 196,
26672-7; Will. Smith, iii, 341,
34872,390,392,395

Lincoln, ctss. of, iii, 164, 252, 387;.
Alice de Lacy, iii, 3672, 11472,
118; v, 163; Eliz., iii, 10972;
Marg., v, 193 72

Lincoln, earl of, iii, 3 72, 36, 237 72,
24972, 387, 38972, 445; v, 129;
Hen. de Lacy, iii, 118; v, 14572,
28172; Jno. de Lacy, iii, 36872;
iv, 358; see also Chester, con-
stable of; Ranulf, iii, 3 ; see also-
Chester

46

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Lincoln, Rich., iii, 344

Lindley, Eliz., iv, 268 n ; Fran., iv,
268 n

Lindsay, Alex., see Balcarres, earl
of; Alex. W. C., see Crawford
and Balcarres, earl of ; Colin, iv,
11872; Eliz. B., see Balcarres,
ctss. of; Jas., see Crawford and
Balcarres ; Jas. L., see Crawford
and Balcarres ; Jane, iii, 362

Linen manufacture, iii, 307, 414 ; iv,

«75*

Lingard, Fred., iv, 187; fam., v, 98 n

Linne, Geo., iv, 395 n ; Kath., iv,

395 »

Linney, Edm., v, 21 on, 21 2 n;
Ellen, v, 212 n; Kath., v, 210 n ;
Rich., v, 2IO72, 212 n; Thos., iv,
203

Linnyshaw, iv, 376-7 72, 390 n ;
Moss, iv, 38872, 390 n

Liptrot, Jane, iii, 226 n ; Rich., iii,
423 n ; Sam., iii, 226 n

Liscard (Ches.), iii, 355 n

Liscard, Gilb. de, iii, 355 n

Lisnetarki, Matth. de, iii, 39 72;
Rich, de, iii, 39 n

Lister, Ellen, iv, 153 n; Hen., v, 66 ;
Jno., iii, 341 n; K(C)ath., iv, 316 ;
v, 96, 167 n; Thos., iv, 316; v,
96, 167 n; see also Ribblesdale,
Ld.

Listerfield, v, 132

Litchford, Rob., iv, 256 n, 258

Litchford Hall, iv, 256 n, 259

Lithe brook, iii, 140

Lithehurst, iv, 92 n

Litherland (Down), iii, 58, 65, 91 72,
95 > iy> I J char., iii, 65 n ; chs.,
iii, 98 ; ind., iii, 95 ; man., iii,
68 n, 70 n, 95, 99; Nonconf., iii,
98 ; sch., iii, 66

Litherland (Up), iii, I, 95, 214, 284-
5, 301 n; iv, 8 1 n ; Hall, iii,
285 n, 295 ; man. and Idshp., iii,
268, 283, 288, 292-4 n, 297, 301

Litherland, Ad. de, iii, 97 n ; Agnes
de, iii, 298 ; Alan de, iii, 97 n ;
Alice de, iii, 298 n ; Andr. de, iii,
97 n ; Edith de, iii, 295 ; Edm.,
iii, 298 n ; Edw., iii, 298 n ; Eliz.,
iii, 298 n; iv, 16472; Ellen, iii,
29872; Hen. de, iii, 9772, 29672,
298; iv, 102 n; Isabel de, iii,
298 n ; Joan de, iii, 298 ; Jno. (de),
iii, 1 06, 297 72-8; Kath. de, iii,
298 ; Marg. de, iii, 298 ; Matth.
de, iii, 298; Pet, iii, 298, 307;
Randle de, iii, 97 ; Rich, de, iii,
97 n, 263 n, 296 n ; Rob., iii,
298 n ; Thos., iii, 290 n, 354 n;
Will, (de), iii, 15 n, 9772, 289;
Yarwerth de, iii, 295

Litherland's earth (Aughton), iii,
298 n

Lithgoe, Jno., iv, 11372-1472; fam.,
iv, 114

Lithurst, iv, 98 n

Litley, iv, 395 n

Litster, fam., iv, 76 n

Littleborough, v, 188, 190,222-3;
chap., v, 199, 234 ; chapelry, v,
222 ; Nonconf., v, 200 72, 234 ;
Rom. Cath., v, 234; sch., v,
201 n

Little Bridge, v, 136

Little Hall (Aughton), iii, 278, 300

Little Hey, iii, 291 n

Little Lane, iv, 79

Little Ley, iii, 29 «

Little Pingott, iii, 425

Little Quicks, v, 215 n

Little Sisters of the Poor (order), iii,

23

Littleton (nr. Chester), iii, 25 7 n

Little Wood Cross, v, 128

Liveldsbridge, iv, 98 n

Liverdleigh Hough, iii, 397 n

Liverischalre, iii, 275 n

Liverpool, iii, i, 3, 5, n, 13, 28, 35,
40-1, 103, 121, 168, 19472, 280,
44072; iv, 1-57, 257 n: African
trade, iv, 29 ; effect of Austrian
Succession War, iv, 30; Black-
burne House, iii, 1 24 n ; Bot.
Gdns., iii, 12 n; iv, 35, 40; bur-
gesses, iv, 3-8, 1 1-26 ; cast., iii,
3, 13 n, 58 n, 69, 9372, 146, 177 n;
iv, i, 4-8, 1 1-13, 20, 22, 24-5, 46 ;
cath., iv, 41, 48, 52 ; chants., iv,
10, 14-5, 43-4 ; chaps., iv, 3, 10,

15, 20, 22, 25, 43-4; char., iii,
ion, 29, 114 ; iv, 55-7 ; charters,
iv, 2-4, 7, 8, 11, 15, 19, 26-7;
chs., iii, 5, 43 n, 5272, 55 n, 9872,

290 n, 401 n ; iv, 25, 43-8, 347 n ;
v, 104 n; comm. and ind., iv, 9,
13-14, 16, 1 8, 23, 29-32, 35, 37;
corporation, iii, 124; iv, 35-6;
Crosse Hall, iv, ion; docks, iii,
29, 30, 35> 40-1, 121 ; iv, i, 23,
3°, 32, 35> 4i-3 5 Exchange, ni,
15 n; ferry, iv, 9, 13-15 ; Greeks,
iii, 45 ; housing of the poor, iv,
39, 40 ; intellectual revival, iv,
34-5 ; Irish, iii, 40, 44 n ; iv, 33,
38, 51 ; Jews, iv, 4872, 52 ; libra-
ries, iii, 112 n, 13572; iv, 35,40;
man., iii, 4, 14 72, 92 n, 292 ; iv, 2,
19, 245 ; mkts. and fairs, iii, 1272,
89 72 ; iv, 3, 8, 9 ; mayor and Id.
mayor, iv, 8, 41 ; mills, iv, 3, 9,
24 ; museums and galleries, iii,
1 66; iv, 40; Nonconf., iii, 44 72,

291 n ; iv, 25, 47-50 ; More (Old)
Hall, iv, lo-i, 21 ; Palatines, the,
iv, 28 ; pks., iii, 12 n, 27, 41 ; iv,
40 ; parliamentary representation,
iv,5, 17, 19,25,36; the Pool, iv, i,
30 ; privateers, iv, 30-2 ; pro-
cath., iv, 45, 52 ; Reform Act
(1832), iv, 36; Rom. Cath., iv,
50-2 ; Rom. Cath. cath., iv,
51 ; St. Geo.'s Hall, iii, 131 ; iv,
39 ; schs., iii, 35, 85 n ; iv, 35, 38,
44, 46 n, 53-6; effect of Seven
Years' War, iv, 30 ; shipping, iv,

1 6, 1 8, 30, 32, 37-8; sieges, iii,
268 ; iv, 20-2 ; slave trade, iv,
29, 30, 3172, 34; slums, iv, 33,
39 ; smuggling trade, iv, 29 ; sts.,
iii, IO72, 38 n, 10872, 124 n, 295 n,
347 n; iv, i, 2, 5, 10-11,14, 23,
28, 47-52; the Tower, iii, 159;
iv, n, 17, 20, 22; univ., iv, 41,
53~5> l%5 i Virginia, trade with,
iv, 23 ; water supply, iii, 23, 32,
38 ; iv, 33, 39 ; v, 286, 291, 294 ;
Whigs and Tories, iv, 26-8, 33-5,
38

Liverpool, archd. of, iv, 48 n ; Jona-
than Brooks, iv, 46 ; John Jones,
iii, 98 n

Liverpool, bailiff of vill, iii, 14

Liverpool, bpric., iii, 6, 104 ; iv, 40,
52

Liverpool, bp. of, iii, 22, 28, 40, 43 «,
98, 104-5, I07, H2«, 120, 151;
iv, 48 n, 1 10 ; F. Chavasse, iv, 52 ;
(J. C.) Ryle, iii, 107 n; iv, 52

362

Liverpool, Rom. Cath. bp. of, iii,
22, 66 n; G. Brown, iii, 19, 2272,
261 n ; Alex. Goss, iii, 261

Liverpool and Manchester Rly.,
carrying over Chat Moss, iv, 352

Liverpool Blues, regiment, iv, 31

Liverpool, Ld., iv, 19772

Liverpool, Ad. de, iii, 42 n, 90 n ; iv,
10, 76 n ; Alan de, iv, 43 n ; Alice
de, iii, 1 75 n ; Ameria de, iii, 76 n ;
Emma de, iii, 86 n ; Gilb. de, iii,
12972; Hugh de, iii, 86 n, 88 n;
Joan de, iv, 15572; Jno. de, iii,
8772, 126, 228; iv, 10, 43, 15572;
Kath. de, iv, 1072, 7572-672;
Marg. de, iii, 122; iv, 1072;
Nichola de, iii, 93 ; Nich. de, iii,
88 n, 11672, 17 572; Ralph de, iii,
90 n; Rich, de, iii, 90 n, 122; iv,
10-11 ; Rob. de, iii, 90 n, 129 n;
Will de, iii, 7 n, 9 n, 25 n, 34 n,
42 n, 8772-872, 93; iv, 8-11, 43,
75 n-6 n, 86 n ; fam., iii, 90 ; iv,
10

Liversage, Dorothy, iv, 374-572;
Thos., iv, 374

Liversedge, Alice de, v, 22972;
Isabel de, v, 202 n ; Rob. de, v,
192, 20272, 211, 229 n; Rog. de,
v, 192 n

Liverseege, Hen., iv, 186

Livesey, iv, 21 1 n-12 n

Livesey, Geoff, de, v, 289 n ; Geo.,
iii, 361 «; Jas., iii, 43772-8; v,
25172, 280; Lawr., iii, 361 72;
Mary, iii, 361 n ; Rich., v, 25 1 n ;
Rob., iii, 438 n ; fam., iii, 361 n

Livesley, Mary, iii, ion

Llandaff, cath., iv, iS6n

Llandaff, bp. of, Alf. Ollivant, iv,
1 86

Llandaff, earl of, Fran. Mathew, v,

135 »

Llewelyn, Pr. of Wales, iii, 250 n
Lloyd, Dav., iii, 64 »; Geo., iv,

301-2, 337; Jno., iv, 16172;

fam., iv, 337 n

Loam pit hurst, see Limput hurst
Loamy Half-acre (Wigan), iv, 75 n
Loben, — , v, 105
Locker, Fran., v, 24 n ; Janet, v,

24 n

Lockers meadow, iii, 330
Lockitt Croft, iv, 25672
Lockwood, Anne, v., 247 n ; Chris,

v, 247 n

Lodbergh, wood of, iii, 37272
Lodge, Jno., v, 237
Logers Field, iii, 79
Loggin, Fran., ^,35872; v, 472
Lolligreves, iii, 33 72
Lomas, Jas., v, 17472; Jno., iv

39072

Lomax, v, 13672, 138
Lomax Fold, v, 263, 27072
Lomax, Dorothy, v, 170; Edm., v,

14672; Eliz., iv, 24672; v, 17672;

Geoff., v, 181 ; Jas., v, 14772,

17072, 17672, 23272, 24272; Jane,

v, 17672; Jno. v, 12772, 17572,

269 72 ; JOSh., V, 243 72, 269 72-

70 72 ; Lawr., iv, 268 72 ; Pet., v,
175 72 ; Ralph, v, 175 72 ; Rebecca,
v, 17072; Rich., v, 17072, 17572,
23272; Rob., v, 27072; Thos., v,
9; Will, del, v, 16472; fam., v,
138, 14772, 170, 176

Lomax's (Pilsworth), v, 170

Lombethorn, iii, 42 72

Lommax, Nath., iii, 439

INDEX

London, iv, 28-9 ; Bridgewater
House, iv, 381 ; British Museum,
iv, 381 n ; Charterhouse Sch., iii,
1 80; citizens of, purchase of
Liverpool, iv, 19 ; College of
Arms (Derby House), iii, 16^-1 «;
ch. in Crooked Lane, iii, 303 n ;
fire of, iv, 23, 225 ; shipping, iv,
38

London, bp. of, iv, 60 n-i n ;
(Edm.) Bonner, iii, 357 n ; Rob.
Gilbert, iii, 343 ; Dr. King, iii,
140 n

London and N.W. Rly., docks be-
longing to, iii, 121 ; iv, 43

Long, Elizeus, iii, 257 n ; Hen., iii,

Long Acres, v, 206 n
Longback, Nich., iii, 201 #, 206
Longbarrow, iii, 157; iv, 168
Longbarrow, Rich, de, iii, 251
Longborough, iii, 363 n
Longbranderth, iii, 161 n
Longden Brook, v, 217
Long Duck Stakes (nr. Sankey), iii,

308/2

Longfield (Abram), iv, 114 n
Longfield (Prescot), iii, 397 n
Longford (Derby), iv, 327 n
Longford (Stretford), iv, 329 ;

House, iv, 333
Longford Bridge, iii, 322 n
Longford, Alice de, iv, 289 n ; Cecily

de, iv, 289 n ; Dame Joan de, iv,

289 n, 310; Sir Jno.de, iv, 289 «,
310; Margery, iv, 290 n ; v,
176 n; Martha, iv, 290/2; Maud,
iv, 290 n ; Nich. (de), iv, 289 #-90,
292-3, 305/2, 308; v, i8o«;
Sir Nich. de, iv, 289/2; Sir Nigel
(Noel) de, iv, 289 n, 293 n ;
Oliver de, iv, 289 « ; Sir Ralph
(de), iv, 289 #-90 ; Rich., iv,

290 n; v, 140 ; Sir Rich, (de), iv,
311 ; v, 1 76/2; Will., iv, 290 n;
fam., iv, 289

Long Furlong, iii, 271

Longhals, Pet., v, 286 «; Rob., v,

286 «

Long Hey (Aughton), iii, 291 n
Long heys in the Wyke, iii, 267 n
Longholme, v, 150
Long Hurst (Maghull), iii, 21 7 n
Longhurst (Turton), v, 274 n
Longlands End, v, 19 #
Longlee, iii, 13 n
Longleigh Brook, iii, 35 1 n
Longley, iii, 297 n, 300 «
Longley Brook, iii, 393 n
Longley, Thos. de, iv, 1 27 n
Longney (Glouc.), man., iii, 246 n
Long Parliament, iv, 20, 100 ; dis-

persing of, iv, 304
Longriding, the, (Tarbock), iii, 180
Long Sharp, the, (Ormskirk), iii,

270 n

Longshaw (Aspull), iv, i2o«
Longshaw (Wigan), iv, 83, 87
Longshaw, Jno. de, iv, 74 n ; Rich.

de, iv, 76 n
Longsha(o)w Head (Ormskirk), iii,

260/2, 266 n
Longshawhead (Winwick ?), iv,

137/2

Longshot, the, (Prescot), iii, 370 n
Longsight (Gorton), iv, 276-7 n;

ch., iv, 279; Nonconf., iv, 279,

309
Longsight (Royton), v, 112

Longsight Bridge, iv, 276

Longton (Leyland), iii, 227 n, 270,

273 ; iv, 162 n ; v, 144 n
Longton, Juliana de, iii, 275 n ;

Rob. de, iii, 275 n ; fam., iii, 402 n
Longvilers, Clemence de, v, 94 n ;

Eudo de, v, 94 «
Longwood, Steph., iii, 256 n
Longworth, iv, 288 ; v, 7 n, 235,

238 n, 273, 280, 285 ; Brook, v,

285 ; man., v, 285
Longworth, Ad. de, iii, 176; Alex.,

v, 286 n ; Chris., v, 248 «, 286 ;
Dorothy, v, 286 ; Ellen, iii, 30 « ;
Geo., v, 286 n ; Hugh de, v,
131 n, 28$ n; Jno., iii, 34 n, 362 ;
Lawr., v, 262 ; Lettice de, v,

286 n ; Marg., v, 248 n ; Margery,
iii, 362 ; Maria T., iv, 259 ; Mary,
iii, 409 ; Matth. (de), iii, 34 n ; v,
285 ; Pet, v, 266 ; Ralph, iii,
34 n ; v, 248 n ; Rich., iii, 30 n ;
Rob. (de), iii, 17; v,27gn; Rog.
(de), iii, 1 76 ; v, 65 ; Siward de,
v, 285 ; Thos. (de), v, 131 n, 248 n,
269/2, 285/2-6; Will., iii, 34 n ;
fam., iii, 31 n

Longwro, fam., iv, 10

Long Wyke, iii, 273

Lonington Brook, iv, 118/2

Lonsdale, bailiwick of serjeanty,
iii, 14

Lonsdale, Ann, v, 146/2; Hen., v,
146 n; Miles, iv, 309; v, 146/2

Lord, Arth., v, 220 n ; Chas., v,
232 n ; Edm., v, 232 n ; Edw., v,
232 n ; Hen., v, 232 n ; Marg., v,
220/2; Rich., v, 2io«

Lorimer, fam., iv, 76 n

Lorington, brook, see Clarington

Lorrimer's Acre, iv, 75 n

Lostebooth Clough, v, 153/2

Lostock (Bolton), v, i, 6-8, 10/2-1 1#,
22, 235, 238 «, 249, 295; Hall,
v, 297-8; man., v, n, 296;
Rom. Cath., v, 299

Lostock (Eccles), iv, 363-4, 374

Lostock, Almarica de, v, 299 n ;
Annora de, v, 299 « ; Ellen de,
v, 6n, 299 n ; Hen. de, iii, 325 n ;
Joan de, iii, 325 n ; Mabel de, v,
299 n ; Rich, de, v, 6 n, 299 n ;
Rob. de, iv, 61 ; v, 239 n, 299 n ;
Rog. de, v, 299 n

Lostock Hall Fold, v, 295

Lostock Moor, iv, 373 n

Lothburn, brook, v, 212 n

Lothians, the, iii, 68 n

Lough field, Christiana de, iii, 360 #,
384 n; Margery de, iii, 384 « ;
Rich, de, iii, 360 «, 384 n

Lounstoune, iii, 213

Louth, Will, de, see Ely, bp. of

Love, Rob., iii, 95

Lovel(l), Ld., iii, 145, 283/2; iv,
98 n; Fran. (Visct.), iii, 160; iv,
93 ; Jno. Lovel, 5th, 6th, and 8th,
iy> 93 > Thos. Coke, see Leicester,
earl of; Will., iii, 416; iv, 93

Lovel(l), Geoff., iv, 325 ; Greg., iv,
298, 308/2, 332 n ; Lady (Dame)
Jane, iv, 290/2, 308 n, 325; Sir
Jno., iii, 296 n ; Lady Maud, iii,
25 n, 143, 283 n, 296/2; iv, 93 ;
Sir Rob., iv, 293/2. 308 «, 325,
332 n; v, 51 n; fam., iii, 150,
257/2, 283 ; iv, 90

Lovelady, Hen., iii, 224

Level's Hall, iii, 149

Lowe, iv, 1 08, 112; chap., iv, no;
Hall, iv, 109, in ; sch., iv, 115

363

Lowe Green, iv, 106 ; Nonconf., iv,
in

Lowe, Low, Alice, v, 243 n ; Anne,
iv, 232, 238/2; Ant, iii, 274«;
Chas., iv, 316; Edw. (Edm.), iii,
155 ; iv. 346 n ; Gervase, iii, 419 ;
Hamlet, iv, 153 #; Hen., iv,
I3O»; Jas., iii, 155; iv, 131 «,
153, 297/2; Jno., iii, 153, 155,
215, 438; iv, 77 «, 153, 323,
346 n; v, 149; see also Law;
Maud, iv, 153 «; Ralph, iv,
238 n ; Rich., iii, 223 ; Rob. (del),
iii, 116/2; iv, 121/2, 296/2;
Rog., iv, 79 n, i47n> Thos., v,
1 06; Will, del, iii, 116/2; Wini-
fred, iii, 274/2, 376; fam., iv, 121

Lower Green, iii, 445

Lower House (Abram), iv, 114/2

Lowerhouse (Entwisle), v, 283 n

Lower House (Prescot), iii, 388

Lower Lane, v, 201

Lower Mean Hey, iii, 215

Lower Place, v, 205

Lower Wood, v, 255

Lowest Alter, iii, 215

Low Hill, iii, 11-12, 15 n

Low House (Butterworth), v, 213,
217

Lowten, Tim., v, 45

Lowton, iii, 334 «, 426/2; iv, 122-4
126/2, 129/2-30/2 ; 150-3/2 ; char.,
iv, 130-1; chs., iv, 154; man.
and Idshp., iii, 364 n; iv, 133,
135/2, 151 ; Nonconf., iv, 154

Lowton, Id. of, iv, 13372, 148

Lowton Common, iv, 151

Lowton St. Mary's, iv, 151

Loxam, Jno., v, 181/2; Ralph, iii,
228

Loxham, Rich., iii, 190

Loyd, Edw., iv, 264 n ; Rev. Lewis,
iv, 274/2

Lucas, Thos., v, 53

Luddite riots, v, 24, 113, 151, 162

Lugdale, iii, 386

Lum, Eliz., v, 242

Lumb, iii, 399 «; v, 144; Hall, v,
146/2

Lumhalghes, see Lomax

Lumlache Head, iv, 284 «

Lumn Bridge, v, 178/2

Lumns, the, (Pendlebury), iv, 399/1

Lund, see Lunt

Lunt, iii, 58, 75 ; man., iii, 70; St.
Helen's Well, iii, 75

Lunt(s) Heath, iii, 402-3 n

Lunt, Lund, Ad. de, iii, 75 n ;
Agnes de, iii, 75 n ; Alan del, iii,
77 n; Eliz., iv, 141/2; Hen. de,
iii, 75/2, 77 n; Jas., iii, 76/2;
Joan del, iii, 77 n ; Jno. (del), iii,
75/2-7/2, 299; Margery de, iii,.
75 n ; Nich. del, iii, 100/2 ; Rich,
de or del, iii, 68 #, 75 «, 77,
92/2, 101 «, 211, 213/2; Rob. de,
iii, 75/2, 209, 299; Rog. de, iii,
75 n ; Sim. de, iii, 75 n, 83 « ;
Will, de, iii, 75 «, 77 «, 209 ; fam.,

iii, 75, 77

Lurkey, Nich., iii, 409
Lurting, Jno., iii, 66, 94 ; Nich., iii,

93 »
Lussell, Jane, v, 205 n ; Thos.,

v, 205 n

Lutener, Jno., v, 272
Luthare, Hen., iv., 244 n ; Margery,

iv, 244/2

Luthecrofts Head, iii, 383 n
Lutherans, iv, 251

Lutton, Will, de, iii, 244

Luttrell, Alex., v, 112; Andr., v,
113 72; Margery, v, 112

Lutwich, Stockett, v, 44 n

Luyton, Jno. de, iii, 310

Luzley (Ashton), iv, 338 72-9, 341 » ;
Moor, iv, 343 n

Luzley Brook (Royton), v, 112

Luzley, Will., iv, 345 n

Lycester, Marg. de, iii, 384 n ; Will,
de, iii, 384 n

Lycott, v, 203 n

Lydbury, iii, 87 n

Lydesay, Rob. de, v, 230 n

Lydgate, Thos, iii, 149

Lydiate, iii, 183, 18872, 193, 200,
206, 222 ; chap. (Abbey), iii, 183,
201, 208; char., iii, 191 ; crosses,
iii, 201 ; Hall, iii, 204-5 «> 2O7>
221 n ; man. and Idshp., iii, 70 72,
72 n, 82, 194, 198, 201-2, 213,
298, 318 n; Rom. Cath., iii, 208

Lydiate Brook, iii, 200-1, 206 #,
221-2 n

Lydiate, Ad. de, iii, 202 : Agnes de,
iii, 202 n; Alan de, iii, 201, 205 ;
see also Halsall; Alice de, iii,
201-2 ; Benedict de, iii, 201-2 ;
Cecily de, iii, 202 ; Eliz. de, iii,
202 ; Gamel de, iii, 201 n; Gilb.
de, iii, 202 ; Joan, iii, 203 « ;
Jno. de, iii, 202-3 J Kath. de, iii,
203 ; Margery de, iii, 86 72, 202 ;
Maud de, iii, 202 n ; Nich., iii,
205 n ; Rich, de, iii, 202 ; Rob.
(de), iii, 202-372; R°g- de> iu»
201 n ; Sim. de, iii, 86 n, 201 n-
2 n ; Stainulf de, iii, 201 n ; Thos.
(de), iii, 51, 183, 202-3 J Will, de,
iii, 20 1-2, 206, 216 n

Lyme, iv, 338 n ; Park, iv, 341 n

Lyme, Oliver, iii, 346, 354 72, 365 ;
Will., iii, 366 n

Lymm, iii, 63 n

Lymme, Alice de, v, 30 n; Gilb. de,
iv, 37772; v, 26 n, 3072-17*;
Jocasta de, v, 30 n; Thos. de, iv,
377 »J v, 30 n

Lynale, wood of, iii, 145 n

Lynales, Maud de, iv, 394 n ; Rich,
de, iv, 394 n

Lynalx, v, 164

Lynalx, Agnes de, iv, 80 n ; Alex, de,
iv, 80 n ; Will, de, v, 3872

Lynbrook, iv, i6on

Lynley, Jno., iii, 425 n

Lynnall, iv, 16772

Lynney, Rog., v, 234 n

Lyon, Anne, iv, 66 n; v, 191 n;
Ellen, iii, 367 n ; Geo., iii, 367 n ;
Hen., iii, 367 72; v, 98 72-9 »;
Isaac, v, 99 n; Jas., v, 71, 74;
Jno., iii, 17, 10872, 346, 376; v,
9872-972; Jos., iii, 220; Matth.,
v, 71, 74 n; Margery, iii, 381 n;
Nich. J., v, 98 n ; Rob., iii, 367 n :
Sara(h), v, 9872-972; Thos., iii,
15272, 347, 367 «, 381 », 447;
Thos. H., iii, 326; Will., iii,
36772; fam., iii, 175, 384 n; v,
98

Lyon's of the Fold (Widnes), iii,
105 n

Lystanhurst Field, iii, 363 n

Lytham Priory, iii, 32, 237, 249 n

Lytham, Quenilda de, iii, 295 ;
Rich, de, iii, 295 ; Rog. de, iii,
295

Lythgoe, Matth., iii, 435 ; Nich., iv,
15372; Rich., iv, 153 n

Lyttelton, Hon. Arth. T., see South-
ampton, bp. of

Mabbon, Rob., iii, 367

Mabcroft, iv, 82 n

Maben Ridding, iii, 331

Mabotsfield, v, 3772

Mab's Cross, iv, 68, 70

McAll, Dr. Rob. S., iv, 250 n

Macclesfield Hund., iv, 25 1

Macclesfield, earl of, iii, 8, 189, 197,
237, 294 n ; Chas., iii, 196 ; Fitton,
iii, 196

Macclesfield, Thos. de, iv, 323 n

McCorquodale, Geo., iv, 13072

Macdonald, Fr. Arch., iv, 5 1 n

McElroy, Hugh, iii, 218

Macfadyen, Dr. J. A., iv, 335 n

Macgowan, Jno., iii, 307

McGrath, Rev. H. W, iv, 248

Macgregor, Alex., iii, 22 n

Machinery manufacture, iii, 414,
438; iv, 230; v, 93, 245,251

Macilliwray, Jno., iv, 69 n

Mackay, Prof. J. M., iv, 53

Mackey, Thos., iii, 102

Mackin, Thos., iii, 352

Mackinson, see Makinson

Maclaren, Ian, see Watson, Dr. Jno.

MacLean, Dr. Andr., v, 149 n

Maclure, Edw. C., see Manchester,
dean of

Macnaghten, Hen. A., iii, 345

Mac Neile, Hugh, see Ripon, dean of

McQuinn, Jno., iv, 35 1 n

Maddock, Jas., iv, 135 ; Jno., iv,
135 ; Sam., iv, 180 n ; Thos., iv, 46

Maden, Rob., iv, 268 n

Maderer, Lawr., v, 150 n

Madgewell, iv, 219 n

Madoc, Jno. de, iii, 299

Madoke, Rob., iii, 243-4

Madur, fam., see Mather

Maghull, iii, 124, 183, 18872, 19172,
203, 215, 219-20, 38772; Can-
House, iii, 217, 219; chap., iii,
183, 1 8972-90, 21472, 220; char.,
iii, 191 n; ch., iii, 220; crosses,
iii, 215 ; Clent Farm, iii, 215 ;
hall, iii, 219 ; man., iii, 7072, 72 n,
172, 205, 215, 219 ; man.-house,
iii, 183, 215, 21772, 22072; Non-
conf., iii, 221 ; quarries, iii, 184;
Rom. Cath., iii, 221

Maghull, Ids. of, iii, 215

Maghull Clent, iii, 21 8 n

Maghull Heys, iii, 21 7 n

Maghull, Ad. de, iii, 216; Alan de,
iii, 193 n; Alice (de), iii, 101 n,
216-17 j Andr., iii, 217 ; Anne, iii,
219 n ; Ant., iii, 54 n ; Cecily (de),
iii, 216 #-17; Edw., iii, 219;
Eleanor, iii, 73; Eliz., iii, 218;
Ellen (de), iii, 58 n, 216-18; v, 31 72;
Emma de, iii, 216; Ernmota de,
iii, 216; Gilb.de, 217-18; Hen.
de, iii, 216; Isabel, iii, 217 ; Joan
de, iii, 218 ; Jno., iii, 217 ; Marg.,
iii, 274 n; Margery de, iii, 216;
Matth., iii, loon, 217 ; Nich. (de),
iii, 21672-17, 219; Rich, (de), iii,
101 n, 183, 193 n, 215 #-20, 274 n;
Rob. (de), iii, 216-17 ; Sim. de, iii,
216; Thos. (de), iii, 101 n, 216-
1872; Thurstan (de), iii, 10072, 216-
17; Will, (de), iii, 215-17; v, 31 n;
fam., iii, 101 n, 206

Magot Fields, v, 98

Magotson, Will., iv, 206 n

364

Mahount field, iii, 292 n
Maidstone, R. de, see Hereford, bp.

of

Maile, Male, the, see Maghull
Mainwaring, Alice, iii, 293 ; Andr.,

iii, 4 1 2 n ; Anne, iii, 4 1 2 n ; Chas.,

v, 27972; Charlotte, iii, 196;

Chris., iii, 37372; Dr. Edm., v,

2272 ; Edw., iii, 37372; Eliz., iii,

326 ; v, 230-1 72 ; Lady Emma,

iii, 403 72, 40972 ; Geo., iii, 373 72 ;

Hen., iii, 433; Jas., v, 23172;

Joan, iii, 293; Jno., iii, 326;

Oliver, iii, 37372; Phil, iv, 135;

Ralph, v, 27972 ; Rog., iii, 35272 ;

v, 230-1 72 ; Thos., iii, 196 ; Will.,

iii, 293, 373
Maiot Hey, iii, 363 72
Maircough, see Murscough
Maire, Thos., iv, 16572; Will., v,

24772 ; fam., iv, 168
Makand, Anne, v, 24 72 ; Thos., v,

2472

Makens, iii, 43972, 441 n
Makerfield, iv, 92; fee or barony,

iii, 305; iv,-57, 59, 122, 132-3,

142, 151, 166; wap., iii, 2472; see

also Newton
Makerfield, baron of, iv, 148 ; Ids.

of, iii, 332; iv, 126, 13372, 141
Makerfields, Two, (Ashton), iv,

13172-272
Makin, Anella, iii, 97 72 ; Hen., iii,

9772; Jno., iii, 9772; Rich., iii,

97 n ; Thos., iii, 97 72 ; fam., iii,

97
Makinson, Jas., v, 302 n ; Pet., v, 5,

872

Makon, Jas., v, in
Malboise, Rich., iii, 141 n
Malbon, Ralph, iv, 39672
Malde, Pat., v, 297
Male, Kath., iii, 206
Malherbe, Clemence, v, 94 72 ; Jno.,

v, 9472, 14572; Mabel, v, 9472;

Maud, v, 94 72
Malinson, Hen., iii, 144 ; Randle,

iii, 144; see also Hale; Rich.,

iii, 144

Malkins Yard (Lathom), iii, 250 n
Malle Lane, iii, 26072
Mallet, Jno., iii, 19672
Mailing, East, iii, 444 n
Mallinson, Jno., iii, 190, 214;

Jonathan, iii, 5772
Mallory, Mary, iii, 64 72 ; Rich., iv,

165 ; Thos., iii, 18, 155
Mallot, Rob., iii, 93 ; Rog., iii,

93

Malone, Will., iv, 242 72
Malpas, ch., iii, 148 ; iv, 314
Maltby, Harriet, v, 91 72
Malton, Thos. earl of, v, 71
Malton, Agnes de, v, 16472; Jno.

de, v, 16472
Malymehey, v, 205 72
Mamcestre, see Manchester
Man, Isle of, iii, 163-5, 252> 41072 ;

iv, u, 10072, 11772, 128 72; v, 134;

castle and peel, iii, 15972; Idshp.,

iii, 159, 163 72, 165 72

Man, Will, king of, iii, 342 ; see also

Derby, earls of

Man, bp. of, see Sodor and Man
Man, archd. of, Archippus Kippax,

iii, 245
Mancetter (Warws.), iv, 193 72,

24672; v, 17572
Mancetter, Alice de, v, 17572; Sir

Guy de, v, 1 75 72

INDEX

Manchester, iv, 171, 174-204, 208 n-
9#, 220 n-2, 230 n-i, 233, 235,
242-4 «, 252, 255, 257 », 259-62,
265, 270-1, 274, 276, 287, 293,
297, 302-3, 309, 312, 327-9,
332 », 337; v, 35,68; Academy
(Nonconf.), iii, 307 ; iv, 250 ; adv.,
iv, 192, 230 n; Albert Sq., iv,
228 n-g; bridges, iv, 182, 223;
cast., iv, 1 74 «~5 ; chants., iv,
174, 188-9, 198-200, 278 #,
281 #; v, 268; char., iii, 430;
iv, 182-3, 201-4, 236, 264 «;
Chetham's Hosp. and Lib., iv,
193 «, 201, 213, 223-7, 263; v,
4 «, 22 1 n ; chs., iv, 220 #, 246-9,
258 n; commerce and ind., iv,
16, 23, 29, 174-5 », 178 », 181,
229-30, 381 ; corporation, iv,
23r, 369; cross, iv, 177; Free
Trade Hall, iv, 229; Jacobites,
iv, 1 80; Jews, iv, 251; v, 51;
Labrey's House, iv, 244 n ; libra-
ries and museums, iv, 181, 190,
198, 229, 237, 334; man., iv,
121 n, 176, 230-1, 238, 254;*,
262, 283 «, 2gon-in, 335; mkt.
and fair, iv, 174, i8o«, 231, 234 n,
236; mills, iv, 177, i8i«, 236,
262; newspapers, iv, 181, 187;
Nonconf., iv, 179, 183-5, J99,
249-5 r, 394 n > Oldgrave, Culcheth
or Langley Hall, iv, 158 n, 178;
Owens Coll., iv, 53, 184-6, 251,
352 #, 362 n ; parliamentary rep-
resentation, iv, 235 n ; pks., iv,
224, 237 ; Plungeon's meadow,
iv, 250; Poets' Corner, the Sun
Inn, iv, 228 ; public buildings,
iv, 228-9; race-course, iv, 204,
217,392; rly. stations, iv, 223;
reform agitations, iv, 184; right
of sanctuary, iv, 175, I77#;
riots, iv, 183 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 251;
Rover's Return Inn, iv, 228; Royal
Exchange, iv, I77#, 180-2; St.
Peter's Field, iv, 184; schs., iv,
174, 177, 184-5, 201, 227, 236,
238-9 ; Seven Stars Inn, iv, 228 ;
siege, iv, 178, 313, 316, 337 n;
societies, iv, 183, 185 ; statues, iv,
223 ; St., iv, 176-7, 180-2, 223,
228-9, 233», 235, 237, 248-51 ;
Tories and Whigs, iv, 179-80,
247 n ; Town Hall, iv, 223, 229 ;
Univ., iv, 184, 251 ; wards, iv,
235 n-6 n ; water supply, iv, 236 ;
v, 76; Withingreave Hall, iv,
228 n

Manchester, North, iv, 235 «, 255,
259, 262, 265, 270-1, 274, 281-2

Manchester, South, iv, 235 «, 252,
276, 280, 287, 303, 335

Manchester, archd. of, Geo. H. G.
Anson, iv, 309

Manchester, barony or fee, iii, 129,
i6i«, 249, 382 », 394; iv, 97,
230, 324, 340 ; v, 46, 50, 260, 263,
268, 273, 294, 296

Manchester, barons of, iii, 104, 129,
249 »i 387 », 3945 iv, 171 ; v, 7,
19 ; see also Grelley

Manchester, bpric., iii, 418 ; iv, 193;
v, 238

Manchester, bp. of, Jas. Fraser, iv,
185, 190, 222-3 >' Jas- P- Lee, iv,
i8s», 281 ; v, 79

Manchester, bp. of, residences, iv,
222, 323 n

Manchester, canons, iv, 216, 248-9

Manchester Cath., iv., 187, 193, 198,

211 n, 223, 264; v, 88
Manchester collegiate ch. and coll.,
iv, 174-6, 187-9, 192-200, 208 n,
224-5, 237, 258 n, 271, 277 «,
286 «, 299 n, 303 », 326 n, 348;
v, 40 n, 65 n, 285 n
Manchester, deanery, iv, 192
Manchester, dean of, G. H. Bowers,
iv, 197, 362 n; Hon. Will. Her-
bert, iv, 197 ; Edw. C. Maclure,
iv, 191, 197 ; v, 199 ; Jno. Oakley,
iv, J97; Jas- E. C. Welldon, iv,
197

Manchester, Ids. of, iii, 109, 129;
iv, 98 n, 232, 265 n, 275-6, 364,
374; v, i, 6, 28n-gn, 34

Manchester, rural deans, Geoff., iv,
192 n ; Jordan, iv, 192 n, 335 ;
Randle de Welhum, iv, 192^
Manchester, warden and fellows of
coll. ch., iv, 192-3, 297, 321 ; iv,
192-3

Manchester Act (for stuff manu-
facture), iv, 181 n

Manchester and Ashton Canal, iv,
282, 287 ; iv, 338

Manchester and Bolton Canal, iv,
204, 397, 404 ; v, 56, 88

Manchester and Stockport Canal,
iv, 274, 276, 281, 323, 326

Manchester, Ashton, and Stockport
Canal, iv, 224

Manchester Classis (Presbyterian),
iv, 199 ; v, 68, 74 «~5 n

Manchester Regiment (volunteer
force), iv, 70

Manchester Regiment, raised in
1745, iv, i 80

Manchester Regiment or 72nd,
raised in 1777, iv, 183, 253

Manchester Ship Canal, iii, 320,
331, 334, 426; iv, 39, 184, 237,
329, 363-4, 370, 381, 397 ; v, 46;
bridges over, iv, 363

Manchester, Ad. de, iv, 108, 243 n,
246 n ; Agnes de, iv, 243 n ; Alice
de, iv, 331 «; Geoff, de, iv, 242 «,
303 «, 315 n ; v, lion; Hen. de,
iv, 108, 209 n, 246 n; Hugh de,
iv, 246 n; Jno. de, iv, 259 n;
Jordan de, iv, 306 n ; Luke de, iv,
246 n, 303 n ; Margery de, iv,
246 n; Nich. de, iv, 24672; Ralph
de, iv, 246 n ; Rich, de, iv, 246 «;
Rob. de, iv, 237-8 «, 246 «, 283 «;
Rog. de, iv, 206 #, 237 n, 244 n ;
v, 65, 198; Sim. de, iv, 20972,
237 «, 246 n ; Thos. de, iv, 259 «,
306 n, 331 n ; v, 260 « ; Will, de,
iv, 209 «, 246 n ; v, 65 «, 198 ;
Wulfric de, iv, 240

Manchet Field, v, 45 «

Mancunium, see Manchester

Mandeville, Hen. Visct., iii, 92

Mangnall, Richmal, iii, 307 n

Manley, Eliz., iii, 366 n ; Jas., iii,
366 n

Manley Park, iv, 288

Manne, Agnes, v, 75 ; Thos., v, 75

Mannock, Fr. Fran., iv, 51

Mara, Jno. de, v, 142 n ; Rob. de,
iii, 408 n

Marburry's land, iii, 322;?

March, Thos., iv, 13072

Marche, Hen., iv, 206 n

Marcheal Ford, iii, 250 n

Marcheden, Rob. de, v, 95 n ;
Warine de, v, 95 n

Marchford, Jno. de, iv, 349

365

Marchia, Will, de, see Bath and
Wells, bp. of

Marclan, see Markland

Marcroft, Eliz., v, 41 ; Jos., v, 234 ;
Rob., v, 41 ; Thos., v, 41

Marcroft Gate, v, 210 n

Mare, Mabel de la, v, 94 n ; Will,
de la, v, 94 «, 144 n

Marecall, Thos., iv, 233 n

Marefalford, iv, 107 n

Marehalgh, Rob. de, iii, 275 n

Marerede yott (Butterworth), v,
220 n

Marewood Keys, iii, 293 n

Margaret, Queen, iv, 367 n

Marhalge, Ameria del, iii, 256 n

Marhalgh, Emma de, iv, 102 n;
Rich, de, iv, 102 n

Mariotson, fam., iv, 10

Mark, Phil., iv, 289 n

Marke, Jno., iii, 244

Markets, iii, 143, 175, 177, 230,
235, 250, 261-2, 305, 307, 317,
320, 353, 374, 414; iv, 3, 8, 9,
69«-73, 92, 132, 135, *74,
206, 231, 236, 344, 346; v, 34,
58, 103, 131-2, 169, 19172, 193,
232, 245, 249

Markham, Chas. W., iii, 290 ; Rog.
F., iii, 290

Markland, iv, 76 72, 78, 82, 92 #-3 n

Markland, Marklan, Ad. de, iv,
76 n ; Alex., iv, 76 n, 78 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 83 n ; Ellen, v, 227 ; Capt.
Gerard, iv, 76 n ; Grace, iii, 442 ;
Hen., iv, 76 n ; Jas., iii, 442 ;
Jas. H. iv, 1 86, 280; Jer., iii,
107 n, log ; Jno., iv, 76 72, 83 ;
v, 227; Matth., iv, Jf$*j Oliver,
iv, 65 «, 77 ; Ralph, iii, 107 ; iv,
76 72-7, 83 n ; Rich, de, iv, 76 n ;
Will, de, iv, 76; v, 5872, 72,
121 n; fam., iv, 76

Marland, iii, 44 1 n ; iv, 390 n ; v,
129 n, 193, 204; man., v, 16872,
202, 223 n

Marland, Alan de, v, 202 », 207 « ;
Andr. de, v, 207 n ; Avice de, v,
2 10 72; Hen. (de), v, 198, 204;;,
2IO72, 219 n, 230 n ; Jas., v, 211 «;
Nich., iv, 6172; Rich, de, iv,
5972, 6 1 ; fam., v, 204

Marlborough College (Wilts.),
founding of, iv, 197 n

Marled Earth (Wardle), v, 225

Marler, Anne, iv, 240 n ; Eliz., iv,
244 n ; Hugh, iv, 200 n ; Jno., iv,
240 n, 245; Rob., iv, 17772,
24372-472; Rog., iv, 17772

Marnham, iii, 249 ; iv, 194 n

Marprelate Press, set up nr. Man-
chester, iv, 176, 271

Marrick on Swale, priory, v, ion

Marriott, Josh., iv, 253 n

Marrow, Josh., iii, 346 n ; Thos.,
iii, 90 n ; Will., iii, 90 n

Marsden, Chris., iii, 344 n, 391 ;
Jno. H., iv, 69, 360 n ; Milo, iii,
391 ; Osbert de, v, 220 n ; Sarah,
v, 253 n; Thos., iii, 9, 17 «,
29172, 344 «;v, 253; Will, (de),
iv, 248 72, 263-4, 360 ; v, 54, 56,
220 rr, 303

Marsey (Notts.), iii, 416; adv., iii,
416 ; fee, iv, 115 ; v, 58, 260, 266;
Priory, iii, 416 ; v, 23 8-9 n

Marsey, Randle de, v, 25 1 ; Ranulf,
de, iii, 416, 422 ; Rog.de, iii, 265,
416,422; v, 238

Marsh (Burscough), iii, 25972

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Marsh, the, (Ditton), iii, 402 n
Marsh, the, (Litherland), iii, 95
Marsh, Abigail, v, 12 «; Ad. del, iv,
76 n ; An(n)ota del, iii, 388 «,
39672; Eliz., v, 3; Geo., iii, 38,
162 n, 34472, 444 ; iv, 62 n, 82 «,
199 J v, 3, 13) 18-19; Giles, v, 4«;
Hen., iii, 383 ; Isabel del, iv, 7672;
Jas., iii, 449 ; iv, I ion ; v, 19 n;
Janet, iii, 383 ; Joan del, iv, 76 72;
Jno. (del), iii, 383, 397 «, 408 n ;
iv, 7672, 80 72, 1 10 72; Jno. F., iii,
307 ; iv, 69 ; Marg. del, iv, 76 « ;
Mary, iii, 425 ; Pet., iv, 77 ; Rich.,
iii, 1072, 52, 425; Rich. N., iii,
425; Rich. T., iii, 425 ; Rob. (del),
iv, 76 n; v, 12 ; Rog. del, iv, 76 «;
Sarah, iii, 295 ; Thos., iii, 339 ;
iv, 89; v, 12 n, 19 n; Will, (del),
iii, 157, 346 72, 388 n, 396 n, 408 72;
iv, 7572-672; Will. E., iii, 425;
fam., iii, 402 n ; iv, 76, no
Marshall, — , iii, 212 ; Geo., iii, 183 ;
iv, 201 j Jno., iii, 15272; iv,
244 n

Marshallfield, iv, 367 n
Marshall's Cross, iii, 355 ; Nonconf.,

iii, 362

Marshes, the, (Gorton), iv, 201 n
Marshfield, iii, 131
Marsh Green (Ditton), iii, 401 »
Marsh Green (Pemberton), iv, 78
Marshiche, iv, 299 n
Marshside, iii, 232 72, 235 n
Marsland, Jas., v, 251 72; Pet, iv,

253 n; Sam., iv, 253 n
Marsland Green, iii, 445 n
Marterlaw, v, 21 8 n
Martin (Ormskirk), iii, 248, 260,

265 ; Grange (Hall), iii, 258-60
Martin Mere, iii, i, 226, 230, 23272,

238, 258-60, 265, 269
Martin, Agnes de, iii, 273 n ; Bryan,
iii, 382 n ; Edw., iii, 352 «; Eliz.,
iii, 94 ; Hen. de, iii, 273 n ; Jno.,
iii, 347 n ; see also Orrell, Bryan;
Matth. de, iii, 260 ; Randle de,
iii, 273 72 ; Rich, de, iii, 260 ;
Will., iii, 183, 382 n ', Willis, iii,
352 n

Martindale, Ad., iii, 373, 406 ; iv,
21, 278 n ; v, 134 n ; Jas., iv,
45 ; Phil., v, 8

Martinscroft, iii, 331, 333, 41272;
Green, iii, 316 «; Nonconf., iii,
334 ; see alto Woolston with
Martinscroft

Martinscroft, Agnes de, iii, 333 ;
Gilb. de, iii, 333 ; Godith de, iii,
333; Jno., iii, 348 «; Margery
de, iii, 333 ; Rich (de), iii, 332-3 ;
iv, 16472, 251, 364; Rob. de, iii,

332-3

Marton, Great, iii, 76
Marlon, Little, man., iii, 16272
Mary I, Queen of England, iii,

ion, 70, 104, 125, 154, 162; iv,

86, 13072, 193, 257, 271, 307,

39972; v, 285 n
Mary, Queen of Scots, iii, 162 »; iv,

144; v, 178

Mary, sis. of Hen. VIII, iii, 162
Maryborough, Chas. earl of, iii,

15472

Mary Mould Meadow, see Merevall
Mascy, Agnes de, iv, 304 n ; Alice

(de or le), iii, 336-7 n, 428; iv,

!39«, 383 ; Anne (de), iii, 33678;

Dorothy, iii, 33 "> ; Douce, iii,

278 «, 412 n; Dulcia, iii, 330;

Mascy (coni.)

E. de, iv, 330 n ; Eliz. (le), iii,
428; iv, 112 n; Ellen de, iii,
335 n ; Fran., iii, 338 ; Geoff., iv,
332 n ; Geo., iii, 337 n ; iv, 1 12 n;
Hamlet, Hamon(d) (de), iii, 134,
278 n, 311, 330, 335-9, 428; iv,
162 n, 298 n ; 330-1, 383; Sir
Hamlet, iii, 15872; Isabel de,
iii, 335 »5 Jas-, i", 337 «; Jane,
iii, 338 ; Joan de, iii, 336 ; Jno.
(de), iii, 306 n, 335 «-;», 339 n,
428; Sir Jno., 139 72; Kath. de,
iii, 335 ; Marg. (de), iii, 335 72-672,
338, 428 ; Margery (de), iv, 162 n,
330; Mary, iii, 337 72-8; Maud
de, iii, 335«; Pa(e)rnell de, iii,
336,428; iv, 15872; Pet. de, iii,
335; Rich, (de), iii, 31 1 «, 335-
40; iv, 112 n; Sir Rich, le, iii,
428 ; Rob. de, iii, 335 ; iv, 304 n;
Thos. (de), iii, 309, 311, 336-7 «;
iv, 30472; Thurstan, iii, 337 72;
Will, (de or le), iii, 336-7, 34072,
428 ; iv, 267 n ; see also Massey,
Massie, Massy

Mashiter, Jas., v, ill; Rich., v,
in n

Mason, Ad., v, 247 n ; Gilb., iv,
82 n ; Hen., iv, 65 72, 69 ; Jas. A.,
iii, 371 n ; Margery, iv, 82 n ;
Pet, iii, 239 n; Rog., iii, 154-5

Massey, Ad., iv., 20972-10; Agnes,
iv, 374; Alice, iv, 378-9; Bea-
trice, iv, 209 n ; Dorothy, iv,
374-5 n; Ellen, v, 13 n; Geoff.,
iv, 390 n; Sir Geoff., iv, 354, 361,
374, 377 «, 378-8o, 383 ; v, 2372,
28 n, 30 n, 37 «, 40 n; Geo., iii,
271 n ; iv, 371 n; Hamon, v,
51 n ; Hugh, iv, 374, 379 ; Jane,
iii, 271 n ; iv, 375 n ; Joan, iv,
20972, 380; Jno. (de), iii, 63; iv,
241 72, 374 n-S *, 379 «, 383 « 5 v,
13 n ; Sir Jno., iv, 378-9 ; Kath.,
iv, 375 n; Margery, iv, 379 »;
Nich., iv, 37472; 383 72; Pet, iv,
32472; Rich, iv, 296 n, 27972-80;
Rob., iv, 241 n ; v, 91 n ; Thos.,
iv, 20972, 374-5«, 379J Will., iii,
141 n ; iv, 209 n, 375 «, 380, 383 ;
v, 30 n; fam., iii, 63 n ; iv,
379 72 ; see also Mascy, Massie,
Massy

Mass Field, iii, 76

Massie, Gerard, iv, 63, 72 ; Will., iv,
63 n ; iv, 333 « ; see also Mascy,
Massey, Massy

Massingberd, Dorothy, iii, 83 ;
Thos., iii, 83

Masson, Margery, iii, 39 n ; Will.,

iii, 39 «
Massy, Edw., iv, 304 « ; Isabel, iv,

304 n ; Sir Jno., iii, 159 ; Jordan

de, iii, 21672; Millicent, iii, 232 n;

Rich., iii, 232 n
Master, Gilb. C, iii, 386 ; fam., iv,

Masterson, Rog., iv, 334

Mastyn, Will., iii, 340

Matchmaking industry, iii, 95 ; iv,
271

Mateshead, iv, 312

Mather, Abra, v, 67 n; Ad., iv,
130 n; Eliz., iv., 86 n; Emma,
iii, 382 ; Geoff., iii, 426 ; Geo.,
iii, 347 n ; Jas., iii, 426 ; Jno., iv,
13072; Nich., iv, 77; Randle, iii,
425 n ; Rich., iii, 423 n ; iv, 67 n,
86 ; Rich. (Puritan), iii, 44, 328 ;

366

Mather

iv, 20, 15 372; Rob.C, iv, 393 ;
Sam., iii, 328; iv, 153 72; Sim.,
iv, 1 53 n ; Thos., iii, 90 n ; Thos.
C., iii, 218; fam., iii, 425; iv,

153

Mathew, Fran., see Llandaff, earl

of; Thos., v, 135 n
Mathews, Rich., v, 135 n
Mattersey, see Marsey
Matthew, the Barther, iii, 39 n ;
the Clerk, iv, 357 72; the Tailor,
iii, 370 n ; iv, 242 72, 308 n ; the

Tailor, Marg., dau. of, iii, 37072
Matthew, Dav., iv., 64 n ; Roland

G., iv., 64 ; Sim., iii, 344
Matthews, Eliz., v, 134 ; Jos., iv,

22072; v, 134; Sam, v, 134.
Maud of Bradley, iii, 145 n
Maudesley, Rob., iii, 187*
Maudgeston, Hen., v, 27072
Maudit, Jasper, iv, 27
Mauleverer, Joan, iv, 324 « ; Sir

Will., iv, 324 n
Mauney, Walt, de, iv, 33 1 «
Maunnecestre, see Manchester
Maunsel, Jno., iv, 59/2, 60, 70,

1 02 n ; Rich., iv, 102 n
Maunton, Rob. de, v, 21 n
Mauributts, the, (Leigh), iii, 428
Mauritius, Pet. Sorensen Royston,

bp. of the, iii, 10772
Mawdesley, iv, 99 72, 1 13 n ; v,

137 n
Mawdesley, Ad. de, iii, 18072 ; Jno.,

iii, 449 n ; Rich., iii, 375 ; Rob.

de, iii, 18072; Thos. (de), iii,

449; iv, 68 «; v, 65, 137*;

1 59-60 n
Mayall, Jas., v, 214 n; Jno., v,

101 «; Rob., v, 214 »
Mayer, Jos., iv., 40
Mayes, Edw., iv, 202
Maynard, Jos., iv., 232, 290-1 «,

297 n ; Mary, iv., 232, 290-1 n
Mayorson, Rog. le, iii, 14472; Will.

le, iii, 14472

Mayre, Rich, le, iii, 149 n
Mead, Jno., iv, 333 «; Thos., iii,

344-5

Meadow, Rich, del, v, 27 n ; Thos.,
iii, 27 n

Meadow Baryards, iv, 68 n

Meadowcroft, v, 136, 164

Meadowcroft Fold, v, 170

Meadowcroft, Ad. (de or del), v,
164 », 176 n; Alice, v, 176 n;
Fran., v, 176 n; Geoff, de, v,
I76«; Jas., iii, 244/2; v, 17672 ;
Jane (Joan), v, 267 n ; Jno. de, v,
17672; Nich.de, v, 17672; Ralph,
v, 17672; Rich., v, 17672, 26772;
Rob. de, v, 1 76 72 ; Rog. de, v,
17672 ; Thos., de, v, 17672 ; fam.,
v, 176

Meadows, the, (Pennington), iii, 429

Meadows, (Wigan), iv, 77

Meakins Hey, iii, 209

Meandale, iii, 51,37272; man., iii,
51,82

Meare Leach, iii, 425

Mears, Thos., v. 233 ; and Stain-
bank, iii, 153; v, 124, 157

Meath, earl of, iii, 38 72

Meath, Hen. de, see Hale ; Rich,
de, iii, 24, 3972, 47, 113 72, 141-3

Medburn, Eliz. de, iii, 321 72 ; Rob.
de, iii, 321 n

Meddling Meg (quicksand), iii,
377 n

INDEX

Medewale (Lowton), iv, 1527*
Medewale, Ad. de, iv, 152/2; Rob.

de, iv, 152 n

Medewall (Golborne), iv, 149
Medewall, Will, de, iv, 72 n
Medlar, iii, 16072
Medlock, R., iv, 222-3, 24°> 2SI>

271, 279, 335, 337-8 ; v, 93 ;

bridges, iv, 182 ; Druidical basins,

iv, 340; fishery, iv, 23072-1 n
Medlock Vale, iv, 339
Medylst Raynshaghe, v, 52 n
Meek, Will., iv, 216
Meinell, Ant., v, 55 n; Winifred, v,

55«

Melburn, Sim. de, iii, 63

Meldrum, Maj.-Gen. Sir Jno., iii,
286 ; iv, 22

Meles, Maud del, iii, 90 n ; Rog. de,
iii, 12772 ; see also Meols

Melling, iii, 5672, 101 «, 183, 18872,
19172, 19472, 203, 208, 214, 299,
385 n; chap., iii, 183, 18972-90;
char., iii, 19272; ch., iii, 214,
253 72, 385 » ; man., iii, 70 72, 72 72,
195, 205; iv, 92, 14372, 283 n;
priest's house, iii, 214; quarries,
iii, 184; sen., iii, 214; The
Wood (Hall of), iii, 211-12, 215

Melling Mount, iii, 209

Melling Wood, iii, 209

Melling, Alan de, iii, 209 ; Alice de,
iii, 209 n ; Amaria de, iii, 209 n ;
Dobbe de, iii, 212 ; Eliz., iii, 218;
Hen. de, iii, 209-10, 244 ; iv, 92 ;
Hervey de, iii, 210 « ; Jno. de, iii,
209 n ; Maud de, iii, 209 ; Nich.
de, iii, 209 n ; Randle de, iii,
209 «, 21 1 n; Rog. de, iii, 209-10 n,
212; Siward de, iii, 209; Thos.
de, iii, 209 ; WilL de, iii, 209-
IO72

Mellor (Derby), v, 180 n, 288 #-9 »

Mellor, Mrs. Jas. R., iii, 401 ; Sir
Jno., v, 94 ; fam., v, 1 14

Menewater, iii, 267 n

Menshahom, iii, 281 n

Meols, North, iii, I, 4972, 222, 226,
230, 237 «> adv., iii, 227; char.,
iii, 229; ch. iii, 226; Hall, iii,
226, 294 ; man., iii, 200, 230,
266 72, 269, 406 n ; mkt. and fair,
iii, 230 ; Nonconf., iii, 236 ; the
Rookery, iii, 229 ; sch., iii, 229 ;
for boro. see Southport

Meols, Raven, see Raven Meols

Meols Cop, iii, 19772

Meols, Ad. de or del, iii, 227, 231 ;
Agnes de, iii, 356 ; Alan de, iii,
231; Gilb. de, iii, 355, 35872;
Hugh de, iii, 80 n ; Joan de, iii,
231 ; Jno. de, iii, 80 n, 29872,
355 ; Marg. de, iii, Son ; Margery
de, iii, 355; Rob. de, iii, 18872,
23i> 355>' Will, de, iii, 8072,
231 ; see also Meles

Mercer, Andr., iii, 1 1 n ; Ellen, iii,
1772,31 n, 214; Hen., iii, 17 n; Jno.
(le), iii, 1272, 113, 125 n; Ralph,
iii, 17, 31 n; Rich., iii, 183;
Rob., iii, 17, 2672, 6372; Rog.,
iii, 34 w, 90 72, 97 72; Sim. le, hi,
125 n ; Thos., iii, 52, 225 ; Will.,
iii, 1772, 34 n, 9772, 106; fam., iii,

33 »i 97, HO

Merchant, Geo. L., v, 149
Mere, Jno., iv, 12872
Mere Brook, iii, 238, 261
Merebutts, v, 51 n
Mereclough (Manchester), iv, 324 n

Mere clough (Frestwich), v, 76
Meredith, Sir Will., iv, 33
Mere Green, iii, 23, 27 n
Mere Meadow, iii, 1 5 n
Mere Pool, iii. 222 n
Meres, the, (Hulton), v, 30 «
Mereshawbrook, v, 81 n
Mere Stone Height, iv, 201 n
Merevall Meadow, iv, 207 n
Merivale Abbey, iii, 62 n, 222-4
Merivale, Abbot, iii,. 69 n, 198,
223 n, 299 ; iv, 193 n ; Jno. Rug-
geley, iii, 223 ; Will., iii, 224
Merlache, the, (Leigh), iii, 428
Merlake (Warrington), iii, 325 n
Merley, iv, 374 »
Merrick, Rob., iii, 359 n; Thos., iv,

97

Merryweather, Hannah, iii, 433
Mersappletree, the, (Prescot), iii,

393 »

Mersea (Essex), iv, 7 n

Mersey, R., iii, I, 40-1, 58, 91, 98,
102-3, 117, 120, 128, 131, 13372,
140-1, 149-50, 238, 305-6, 308,
316; iv, 17-18, 20-2, 287, 293, 300,
323, 329-30, 381 ; v, 42, 46,49«;
bridges, iii, 305, 387; iv, 29372,
323 ; defence of, iii, 221 ; docks,
iii, 32 ; ferries, iii, 389 ; iv, 8, 9,
15 ; fisheries, iii, 3572, 43 «,
122-4,13572; 14272, 144, 412 72;
v, 5472; navigation, iii, 32, 45 «,
321 72, 328 ; iv, 23, 30, 43

Mersey Docks and Harbour Board,
iii, 98 ; iv, 41-3

Mersey and Irwell Canal, iii, 331 ;
iv, 181

Mersey and Ribble, lands between,
see Ribble, &c.

Mersey and Ship Canal, iii, 317

Merton, iii, i6o«

Merton, Hen. de, iii, 260 n ; Hugh
de, iii, 260 n ; Jno., iii, 106 ;
Randle (Ralph) de, iii, 145 ;
Steph. de, iii, 260 » ; Will., iii,
211 n

Merulache, v, 5 1 n

Mesne Lea (Eccles), char., iv,
362 n

Mesnes, the, (Wigan), iv, 60 72, 68 ;
Park, iv, 74

Messenger, Anne, iii, 269 ; Jno., iii,
269

Messingham Ch. (Lines.), iv, 191

Metham, Abigail, iii, 27472

Methodism, iii, 175, 421 ; iv, 249,
279,287; v, 9, 75, 150,200

Methodist Free Ch., iii, 128, 376,
421 ; iv, 392 ; v, 107

Methodist New Connexion, iii, 19 w,
22, 40, 44, 236; iv, 49, 222,
249, 258, 270, 273-4, 281, 288,
338, 351, 375, 396; v, 39, 67,

107, 13272, 141, 169, l82, 200,
234, 250, 254

Methodist revival, iv, 183 ; v, 233 n

Meulan(ent), Rog. de, see Lichfield,
bp. of

Meurickys Ford, iv, 150 n

Mey, Agnes le, iv, 366 72, 374 n ;
Alex, le, iv, 365 n-6 n, 373 #-4 n,
404 n ; Alice le, iv, 405 n ; Hugh
le, iv, 374 72, 404 72-5 n ; fam., iv,
373 ; see also Bromyhurst

Meynell, Anna C., iii, 338 ; Eliz.,
iii, 338 ; Frances C., iii, 338 ;
Geo., iii, 338 ; Mary, iii, 338

Michel, Marg., iii, 322 n ; Rog., iii,
322 n

367

Michell, Acre, iii, 297 n
Micherden Clough, v, 191 n
Michewall Ditch, iv, 305 n
Mickering, the, (Aughton), iii, 284,

3°4

Mickle Brook, iv, 11872
Mickle Croft (Aspull), iv, 11972
Micklecroft (Parr), iii, 380 n
Micklehead, iii, 355
Middlebrook, iv, 343 72, 345 n
Middlefield, iv, 207 n
Middle hey, iii, 145 n
Middle Hill (Worcs.), iv, 18672
Middlehurst (Haigh), iv, 11872
Middlehurst (Rochdale), v, 218;;,

220 n
Middlesnape, the, (Prescot), iii,

393 »

Middleton (Salford Hund.), iv,
171; v, 672, 67, 71, 80, 83,85, 87,
145 «, I5i» 161, 169, 173, 17672,
182-372; adv., v, 157; Boar's
Head Inn, v, 161 ; chants., v,
159; char., v, 6772,160; ch.,
v, 6572, 153, 16672, 169, 174 72,
177 ; Hall, v, 167, 278 ; ind., v,
162; man., v, 60, 87, 145, 151,
162, 171, 173, 180 ; mills, v, 162 ;
mkt. and fairs, v, 169; Nonconf.,
v, 169; rds., v, 161 ; Rom. Cath.,
v, 169; sch., v, 1 60

Middleton (Winwick), iv, 166;
Delph House, iv, 130 n; man.,
iv, 133, 166-9

Middleton, Id. of, v, 1 70, 1 82

Middleton Junction, v, 85, 115 ; ch.,
v, 87 ; Nonconf., v, 121

Middleton, Ad. de, v, 16672; v,
130 «; Agnes (de), iii, 33 72, 47 «,
53 «5 v, 157, 163-4, 174 »; Alan
de, v, 157 72, 163 72, 173 n ; Alex,
de, v, 163, 177 ; Alice de, iv,
i66« ; v, 1 63-4 n ; Andr. de, iv,
16672 ; Anne, iii, 337 ; Austin de,
iv, 16672 ; Avice de, v, 163 ; Dav.,
iii, 1367* ; Edw., iii, 337 ; Ellen
de, v, 163-472; Geoff, de, v, 163
-472, 174; Geo., iii, 33, 53 n;
Gervase, iii, 33, 4772, 5372;
Helewise de, v, 15372, 16372;
Jane, iii, 136 n; Joan de, v, 163-
472; Jno. (de), iii, 140; iv, 16672-
772, 169 n; v, 157, 16372; Marg.
(de), iii, 53 n; v, 163-472; Mar-
gery de, v, 163-472; Maud (or
Molle) de, iv, 16672; v, 155, 163-
4, 1 74 72, 1 80 ; Orm de, iv, 151 72,
16772 ; Pet. de, iv, 16672 ; Quen-
ilda de, iv, 16672; Rich, de, iv,
166 72-7 72 ; Rob. (de), iii, 47 72, 5372;
iv, 16672, 25972; v, 13772, 15372,
163, 17472, 177, 18272, 1 86; Rog.
de, iv, 259; v, 5872, 64, 15772,
163, 1 68 w, 17372, 177, 1 80; Siward
de, v, 37 72 ; Thos., iii, 47 72, 53 ;
Will, de, iv, 16672-772; fam., iii,
33 ; see also Midelton, Myddelton

Middlewich (Ches.), iii, 428 72 ; iv,

334 72 ; battle, iv, 290
Middlewood (Ashton), iv, 240 72,

345 «

Middlewood (Aughton), iii, 299, 302
Middlewood (Hulton), man., v, 28 72
Middlewood (Hundersfield), v, 228 n
Midelton, Ad. de, iii, 332 72 ; Ameria

de, iii, 332 72 ; Andr. de, iii, 332 72;

Pet. de, iii, 332 72 ; Will, de, iii,

332 72 ; see also Middleton
Midgeley, Jos., v, 198 ; — , iii,

41972-20; Rich., v, 198

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Midhope, iv, 304 n
Midway (Gorton), iv 276-7
Migehalghden, v, 232 n
Milafosharh, see Anglezarke
Milehouse, iii, 357 72
Milesaundes riddings, iv, 316*2
Mileson, Hen., iii, 361 n
Miles Platting, iv, 271-2 72 ; ch., iv,

273 ; Nonconf., iv, 273 ; Rom.

Cath., iv, 273
Milkwall Slade, see Slade
Mill Bottom, iv, 339
Millbridge, iii, 176
Millbrook, iv, 347
Miller, Fran. B. A., iv, 87 ; Jas., iv,

97 n; Jno., v, 54; Thos., iii,

131

Millgate (Manchester), iv, 177, 24272-

4 72, 2OO 72

Millgate (Wigan), iv, 68, 82 72 ; mill,

iv, 70

Millheys, iii, 161 #
Mill Hill (Ashton), iv, 145 n
Mill Hill (Little Bolton), v, 251
Mill House, iii, 296 72
Mill Houses, see Clayton Bridge
Millingford Brook, iv, 132, 142, 148
Millington (Yorks.), man., v, 289 72
Millom, adv., iii, 249 72
Millom, Ad. de, iii, 249 ; Joan de,

iii, 249

Mill Ridding, iv, 324 n
Mills, iii, 445 ; iv, 101, 132, 148,

270-1, 276, 323, 326, 340 ; v, 34,

93, 108, 129, 136, 139, 141, 150,

162, 170, 182, 266, 273 ; see also

under place-names
Mills, Thos. S., v, 234
Mills Hill, v, 85 ; Nonconf., v, 121
Millum, Avice de, iii, 288 n
Millward, Rich., iv, 272
Millward Croft (Manchester), iv,

230 72

Millward's Croft (Aspull), iv, 11872
Milne, Agnes, v, 23172; Chas., v,

231 72 ; Edw., v, 231 72 ; Jas., v,

21472; Jno. (del), iii, 14572; v,

109 ; Jos., v, 173 ; Nath., v, 66 ;

Rich., v, 21 1 72 ; Thos., v, 221 ; see

Mulne

Milne Croft, iii, 304 72
Milnefield, iv, 2
Milnegate, Hen. de, iv, 108 n ; Rog.,

iii, 189

Milne hey, iii, 145 72
Milnehouses, v, 38 72
Milner, Agnes, v, 5272; Nath., iii,

182

Milnes, Esther, v, 23 ; Jas., v, 23
Milnes-Gaskell, Chas. G., iii, 429-30
Milnewards Garth, iii, 363 72
Milngate, Hugh de, iv, 242 72 ;

Rich, de, iv, 24272 ; Rob. de, iv,

24272

Milnhouses, Will, de, v, 214 72
Milnrow, v, 50, 188, 190, 202, 213;

chap., v, 199, 214, 221 ; chapelry,

v, 213 ; char., v, 201 72 ; Nonconf.,

V, 2OO 72, 222 ; SCh., V, 2OI 72, 222

Milton, Eliz., iv, 253 72 ; Jno., iv,

253 72 ; see Multon
Milwich, iv, 143 72
Minnitt, Rev. Fran. A., v, 201 72 ;

Rob., v, 12872, 140
Minshull, Anne, iv, 253 72 ; Barbara,

iv, 253 72 ; Eliz., iv, 253 72 ; Geo.,

iv, 25372; Jno., iv, 15872 ; Rich.,

iv, 25372; Thos., iv, 202, 241 72,

253-4 n, 364 ; Thos. S., iv, 25372;
fam., iv, 240, 253-4, 268

Minting, Ad. de, iii, 123 72-4 72 ; Joan
de, iii, 124 72 ; Jno., iii, 123

Mission of Love (sect), iii, 236

Mitchell, Harry, iii, 345 ; Margery,
v, 3872; Nich., see Farnworth ;
Rob., v, 38 72

Mitton, Hugh de, v, 21072; Jor-
dan de, v, 210 ; Rich, de, iv,
71 »; Wymark de, v, 210; see
Mytton

Mobberley (Ches.), iii, 6472; iv,
67 72 ; man., iv, 211 72, 365 72

Mobberley, Joan de, iii, 436 ; Mar-
gery de, iii, 404 ; Pat. de, v,
266 72 ; Ralph de, iii, 436 ; Will,
de, iii, 404

Mode Wheel (Pendlebury), iv, 208,

397

Modibrook, iv, 377«

Mohammedans, iii, 22

Mohun, Lady, iii, 1 88; Ld., iii,
196

Moiedge, the, (Sefton), iii, 68 n

Moil, Amo ap I., v, 292 n

Mokenis, iv, 37772-872

Mokens Wood, iv, 383 72

Molder, Jno., iii, 424 72

Moldesfield, v, 287 72, 292 n

Molesworth, Jno. E. N., v, 199;
Rennell F. W., v, 233 ; Will. N.,
v, 19972

Molineux, see Molyneux

Molins, Jno., iv, 199 «

Mollesley, Thos., iii, 223

Mollineux, Sarah, iii, 247 n

Mollington, iii, 21772; Yard, iii,
217

Molyneux, Ld. (Visct.), iii, 2772,
44, 57 «, 6272, 64, 91, 15472, 183,
225, 306 ; iv, 25, 27, 45 ; Caryll,
3rd, iii, 672, 15 72-16, 62, 71, 73-4,
219, 297 ; iv, 21-4 ', Caryll, 6th,
iii, 71, 73 ; Chas. W., see Sefton,
earl of ; Hugh W. O., iii, 73 ;
Rich., ist, iii, 70, 73, 92 72 ; Rich.,
2nd, iii, 70, 73, 92 72, 253 72, 286 ;
Rich., 5th, iii, 71,73,8472, 116;
Will., 4th, iii, 1672, 71, 73;
Will., 7th, iii, 71, 73, 367 72

Molyneux, Visctss., Frances, iii, 71 72,
225 72 ; Mary, iii, 71 72, 73

Molyneux, Ad. de, iii, 67, 75 72-6 72,
78, 95 72, 132, 139, 141 72 ; see also
Chichester, bp. of ; Sir Ad., iii,
73 ; Agatha (de), iii, 68 72, 73 ;
Agnes (de), iii, 73, 85 72-672, 211,
365, 368-9 ; iv, 91 72, 10772 ; Alan
de, iii, 370; Alex., iii, 7, 7072;
Alice (de), iii, 7072, 78, 100, 20672,
211 72, 285, 37072 ; Ann(e), iii, 61
-2, 65-6, 7072, 195, 218, 385 ; iv,
8 1 72, 28572; v, 2472; Dame
Anne, iii, 69, 73, 77 72, 85 72, 88,
9672 ; Ant., iii, 7, 59, 60, 63, 7072;
Avice de, iii, 197; Barnaby, iii,
204, 285-6; Beatrice (de), iii,

J39, 365, 40872-972; iv, IO272,

10772, 15972 ; Bridg., iii, 7072-1 72,
73 ; iv, 275, 373 72 ; v, 43 ; Bryan,
iii, 38072; Bryan W., iv, 81 ;
Cecily (de), iii, 72, 93 72, 212 72 ; iv,
94 72 ; Chris., iii, 217 72 ; Clemency,
iii, 86 72 ; Dorothy, iii, 73 ; iv,
275, 28072, 367; Edm., iii,
212-13, 218, 220 72; iv, 6872, 91 72,
93 ; Sir Edm., iv, 285 72 ; Edw.,
iii, 7, 39 «, 63, 65, 73, 8472-572,
88, 9472, 9772, 10172-372, 131,

139, l6l 72, 21872, 22O72, 29O72,

293 72, 295 72 ; iv, 66, 349 ; Edwin
368

Molyneux (cont.)

de, iii, 67 n ; Eleanor (Elinor), iii,
62, 70 n, 73, 203 n, 213, 447 ; iv,
316 n; Eliz., iii, 7 n, i6n, 61, 73,
8172, 84, 171, 195, 218, 22072;
iv, 81 n ; Ellen, iii, 73, 212, 233 «,
404, 408 72 ; iv, 82 n ; Emma (de),
iii, 72-3, 217 n, 378 n, 400 n ; Em-
mote de, iii, 75 ; Frances, iii, 73,
212, 274 72, 385 ; Fran., iii, 224 ;
Geoff., iii, 218, 351 n; Gertrude
F., iii, 385; Gilb. (de), iii, 1672,
76; Godith de, iii, 370 n; Hen.
(de), iii, 63, 69 n, 75 n, 100, 191,
200, 206 n, 211 n, 35 1 n ; iv, 99 72;
v, 2472; Hugh, iii, 191 n ; iv,
81 72 ; Isabel (de), iii, 68 n, 73,
77 n, 218; Jas., iii, 7, 59, 63,
69 «, 73, 83 72 ; iv, 66 72, 88 72 ; v,
26772; Jane, iii, 61, 20672, 27872,
28072; iv, 8i72;v, 2472; Joan
(de), iii, 61, 6872-7072, 72-3, 218,
22072; iv, 139; Jno. (de or le),
iii, 672, 7, 10, 1672, 63, 69 n, 7072,
73, 75 n> 77 n, 8372-4, 90/2, 9472,
139, 21 1-13, 219, 22472,352 n; iv,
77 72, 8 1 72-2, 275, 367 ; see also
Harrington ; Sir Jno. (de), iii, 86,

132-3, 139, M9, 365, 369-70 n;
Joyce, iii, 218; Kath. de, iii,
123/2; Lawr., iii, 100, • Lettice
(de), iii, 72 72, 74 n ; Marg. (de),
iii, 84 n, 139 n; v, 24 72 ; Margery
(de), iii, 68 n, 78 72, 210, 218, 369 ;
iv, 121 n; Maria L., iii, 71 n, 73 ;
Mary, iii, 71 72, 73 ; Sir More, iii,
417, 424 n; v, 2472; Nath., iv,
121 n; v, 2072, 2472; Sir Osbert
Cecil, see Sefton, earls of ; Othniel,
iii, 206 n ; Pat. de, see Prescot ;
Pet. de, iii, 68 n, 72, 75, 77 n,
8072,96; Ralph (de), iii, 21172,
218,22072; Reg., iv, 81 72; Rich,
(de), iii, 17, 27 n, 3472, 39?*, 42 n,
62-3,67-73, 75, 77«-8, 83-7 n,
93», 95, 99«, IOI«, 12672,132,
139, M7, m «~3, 182-3, 213,
21672, 218, 220 n, 223 n, 266 n,
278 n, 352 n, 365, 369-70, 408 n;
iv, 77 «, 8172-3, 102 n, 10772,
15972; j<?<? <z/.w Thornton; Sir
Rich, (de), iii, 7, 15, 17 n, 2572,

27, 3i «, 33 «, 39 «, 42-3,
4872, 54, 57 n, 62-3, 69, 70, 73-5,
77, 83-4, 93, 96, 99 n, 154, 159,
181-2, 204-5, 219-20, 223-5,
28872, 29872-9; iv, 12, 15, 17-19,
139, 173, 285 n, 367; Rich. F.,
iii, 73 ; Rob. (de), iii, 7, 67, 69 72,
72-3, 75-8, 95, ioo, 139, 183,

209-12, 2l8, 22072, 223-4, 370,

385 ; iv, 82 ; v, 24 n ; Rog. (de),
iii, 73, 85-672, 132, 139, 203 72,
365, 368-70 ; iv, 8 1 n-2 n ; Sibyl,
iii, 285 n ; iv, 81 n ; Sim. (de), iii,
67 «, 73, 75 ; Thos. (de), iii, 6, 7,
1572, 27, 37 n, 62 n, 6872-7572,
7872, 81, 8472, 8672-772, 92, 9972,
102-372, 139,21172-1272,218,22372,

280 72, 285 72-6, 299, 365, 370 72 J

iv, 6672, 77, 8072-3, 9472, 122; v,
302 72 ; Sir Thos., iii, 63 72, 73 ; v,
24 72 ; Thos. J., iii, 73 ; Thos. M.,
v, 24 72 ; Vivian (de), iii, 1672, 67-
8 72, 73 ; Sir Vivian, iii, 70 72, 73 ;
Will, (de), iii, 672, 772, 13,
39 «, 5°, 57, 61, 67 72-8, 70, 72 72-3,
7572-672, 78, 8 1, 8372-472, 9672-
772, 9972, 12372, 12772, 132, 139,

l82, 206, 211 72-12, 2l672,2l872,

INDEX

Molyneux (cont?)

224, 274 n, 385 ; iv, 8 1 n ; v, 24 ;
Sir Will., iii, 15 n, 34 «, 39 w, 47,
54 n, 58-9, 61, 69, 73, 83;*, 101 «,

135, 156, 195, 205, 2II-I2/2, 217,

219, 224, 293 n, 299; iv, 14-1 5;
Rev. Will. H., iv, 81 ; fam., iii,
3, 6 «, 14-16, 27, 30-1 n, 34, 39, 42,
BO, 54, 57, 62, 66-7, 69 », 70/2,
73-4, 78, 83, 88, 95, ' 101, 139-40,

2O6, 210-12, 219, 224, 299; iv, 13

-14, 24, 80-1, 86 n, 206 ; v, 24, 91
Molyneux-Seel, Chas. W., iii, 172 ;

Edm. T., iii, 172 ; Ed. R. T., iii,

84 ; Hen. H., iii, 1 72 ; Thos., iii,

16, 172

Monasteries, suppression of, iii, 447
Monewden, ch., iii, 105 n
Monewdon, Hen. de, v, 144 n
Monithorn, iv, 368 n
Monk, Herb., iv, 136 ; Jas., iv,

67 «
|Monk Bretton Priory (nr. Pontefract),

v, 138, 145, 213, 220
[Monk Bretton, prior, v, 145 n ; Will.

de Rihale, v, 145/2, 220/2; Ad.

le Rus, v, 220 n

Monks, Hen. del, iv, 368 « ; Marg.
i del, iv, 368 n

Monk's Bath (Childwall), iii, 109
Monk's Carrs, iii, 222
Monmouth, Jas. dk. of, v, 126/2
Monsall, iv, 272 ; Nonconf., iv, 273
Monshalgh, iv, 241 n
Monston Edge, v, 206
Montbegon fee, v, 83, 116
Montbegon, Ad. de, v, 94, 129/2,

145 ; Alice de, v, 1129, 145 ; Maud

de, v, 94 ; Olive de, v, 144 n;

Rog. de, v, 94, 108, 129, 144/2-5/2,

163 ; fam., v, 144
Montfort, Sim. de, Hi, 80 n, 306 n
Montgomery, Ids. of, iii, 87 «
Montgomery, Sir Ad. de, iii, 87 » ;

Pet. de, iii, 87
Monton, iv, 208, 363-5 «, 369, 377 n,

379 n ; char., iv, 362 «-3 n ; ch.,

iv, 375 ; man., iv, 389 ; Nonconf.,

iv, 375 .' old> iv, 369 »
Monton, Agnes de, iv, 370 « ; Ellen

de, iv, 377 «; Hen. de, iv, 395 n ;

Hugh de, iv, 377 n ; Olive de, iv,

395 n ; Rich, de, iv, 370 n, 377 n ;

Rob. de, iv, 359, 399 n
Monumental effigies, iii, 61, 185-6,

309, 342, 391, 406/2; iv, 58, 191,

337, 356, 357, 39i
Moody, Agnes, iii, 366 n ; Jno., iii,

257; Thos., iii, 366 n; iv, 142 n
Moon, Francis, iv, 130/2
Moor, the, (Aughton), iii, 280 n
Moor Hall, iii, 16, 264, 284, 291,

293 «, 300

Moor, Ad. del, iii, 176 ; Aug. del, iii,
1 76 n ; Hawe del, iii, 1 76 ; Jno.
del, iii, 176/2; Rich, de la, iii,
97 n; Rog. del, iii, 176; see also
Moore, Mor, More
Moorcote, the, (Hale), iii, 145 n
Moorcroft, iii, 258/2, 270/2,275
Moorcroft, Agnes, iii, 275 ; Alice
de, iii, 275 n ; Ant., iii, 289 n ;
Beatrice de, iii, 275 ; Brian, iii,
288-90, 293 ; Edw., iii, 289-90,
300 n ; Geo., iii, 289 n ; Hen. (de),
iii, 275 n, 293 n ; Hugh de, iii,
275 ; Humph., iii, 275 ; Jas., iii,
275 n ; Jane, iii, 275 n, 285 ; Jno.
de, iii, 275 ; Juliana de, iii, 275 n;
Margery de, iii, 275 ; Rich, (de),

5

Moorcroft (cont.)
iii, 239 n, 275 « ; Rob. de, iii,

275 ; Rog. de, iii, 275 n ; Sim. de,
iii, 275 n ; Will., iii, 275

Moore, Ad. del, iv, 139/2; Alice, iv,
76/2; v, 53/2; Andr., iv, 147;
Beatrice, iii, 37 n ; Chas., v, 53 n;
Sir Cleave, iii, 33, 38 ; iv, 24 ;
Dorothy, iii, 38 n ; iv, 24 ; Edw.,
iii, 38-9, 57, 97/2-8/2, 102, 130 »,
136/2, 280; iv, 20; Sir Edw., iii,
338 ; iv, 9, 10, 22-4 J Ellen, iv,
287 n; Glover, iii, 186, 190, 215 ;
Jane, iii, 280 ; Jno. (del or de la),
iii, 17/2, 33, 35, 37-8, 183, 225,
252,280; iv, 20-2, 43/2, 287/2;
Marg., iii, 338 ; Margery (del or de
la), iii, 37 n ; iv, 43 n ; Nich., iii,
190/2 ; Randle (del or de la), iii,
37 ; iv, 43 n ; Ranulf de, iv, 3 ;
Rich, (de or de la), iii, 37-8 «,
84/2, 199, 387; iv, 122/2; Rob.
(de la), iii, 37 ; Rog, de la, iii, 37
90 n ; Thos. (de la), iii, 36 #-7,
401 n ; Will, (dela), iii, 17 n, 34 n,
36-9 n, 90, 98 n ', iv, 14 ; fam., iii,
17, 33-4, 36-7, 40, 90, 97 ; iv, i,
2, 10, 20, 23-4 ; see also Moor,
Mor, More

Moor End, iv, 290 n

Moores, Jno., iv, 349 n

Moorhouse, v, 214/2

Moorhouses, iii, 58, 79, 83^-4, 86 n,
90 n ; man., iii, 70 n

Moorhouses, Ad. del, iii, 84 n ;
Clemency, iii, 90 n; Ellen, iii, 90 n;
Hen. del, iii, 84 n ; Jno., iii, 90 n ;
Marg., iii, 90 » ; Quenilda, iii,
90 n ; Rich, del, iii, 84 n ; Rob.
del, iii, 84 n ; Sim. del, iii, 84 n ;
Thos. del, iii, 84 n ; Will, (del), iii,
84/2, 90 n ; fam., iii, 90

Moorland (Worsley), iv, 384 n

Moorside (Eccles), iv, 363, 376

Moorside (Oldham), v, 93 ; ch., v,
106 ; Nonconf., v, 107

Mor, Jno. del or de la, iv, 1 1 ; see
also Moore

Moravians, iv, 50, 185/2, 287; v,
34, 101 «, 107, 250, 299

Mordaunt, Col. Chas., iii, 196, 238 ;
Chas. L., iii, 190, 196 ; Hen., iii,
190 ; Jane, iii, 406 n ; Gen. Lewis,
iii, 196/2 ; Will., iii, 406 n

More, Ad. del, iii, 211 ; Alice, iii,
383 ; Cecily de, iv, 303 ; Hugh de,
iv, 344 /2 ; Jno. (de la), iii, 126;
see also Radcliffe ; Kath. de la,
iii, 126; Marg., v, 24 n; Ranulf
de, iv, 1 1 ; Rich, (de or de la), iii,
281 «, 389 «, 392 ; iv, 277/2, 303 ;
Rog. (atte or de la), iii, 126;
Thos. (del), iii, 383 ; iv, II ; Will,
(de or del), iv, 303 ; v, 279/2 ; see
also Moor, Moore

Morecote, iii, 141 n

Moreland, Jno. de, iv, 359

More-Leghe, the, see Morleys

Morell, Rog., iii, 289 n

Moreton, iii, 159

Moreton, Dr. Edw., iii, 64 ; Fran.,
see Ducie, Ld. ; Hen. G. F., see
Ducie, earl of ; Hen. J., see Ducie,
earl of; Hugh de, iii, 47, 53, 56.
123, 276 n ; Jane, iv, 375 n ; Marg,
de, iii, 47, 53 ; Margery de, iii,

276 n ; Matth. D., see Ducie, Ld. ;
Rog. de, iii, 43 ; Thos., see Ducie,
earl of ; Will., iv, 375 n ; see also
Kildare and Meath, bp. of

369

Morgan, Dav., iv, 180/2; Phil., see
Ely, bp. of

Morhulles, the, iii, 79

Moriarty, Will., iii, 18

Morkels Moss, iii, 358/2, 380/2,
403/2

Morleghe, see Morleys

Morley (York), wap., iii, 427

Morley Croft, iv, 364

Morley(s), Morlegh, Alice de, iii,
447 ; Hen. de, iii, 447 ; Hugh de,
iii, 446-7; Jno. de, iii, 447 »;
Lucy de, iv, 267/2; Nich., iv,
155/2; Rich, (de), iii, 447; iv,
155 «; Rob., iv, 155 n ; Sim. de,

111, 447 n; Ughtred, iv, 155/2;
fam., iv, 155

Morleys, Morleghe, iii, 445, 447 ;

Hall, iii, 447

Morleys, Hugh de, see Morley
Mormons, iv, 52, 251, 351 ; v, 107,

112, 115

Morrall, Judith, v, 240 n ; Thos., v,
240

Morris, Agnes, v, 147 n ; Dorothy,
v, 147 n ; Fran., iv, 358 n ; Giles,
v, 147/2 ; Jas., iii, 316/2 ; Jno., iv,
96/2; Ralph, iv, 135/2; Rich., v,
147/2 ; Thos., iii, 316/2; Will., iii,
ISM iv, 135; v, 147 n

Morris Brook, iv, 264

Morris Dancers' Ground (Abram),
iv, 114

Morse, Thos. D. C., iv, 334

Morsell, Rob., iv, 390 n

Mort, Ad., iii, 423, 434, 438, 443,
446, 448-9; iv, 121/2; v, 5/2,
19, 30/2, 242/2, 248/2, 259/2,
269, 302 n ; Alex., iii, 446 ; Anne,
iii, 449/2; iv, 169/2; Bridg., iv,
121 n ; Geo., v, 302 n ; Hugh, v,
274/2; Jas., v, 31/2; Jno. le, v,
21 «; Lettice, v, 252 «; Mary, iii,
446; v, 30/2; Maud, v, 31/2;
Nathan, iii, 438 ; v, 30 n ; Rob.,
iii, 438 ; v, 30/2 ; Thos., iii, 417/2,
438, 446, 448-9 ; iv, 66 /2, 390/2 ;
v, 31 n, 242 «, 252 n ; Thos. S., v,
237 ; fam., v, 30-1, 34

Mortain, count of, iii, 32 ; Jno., iii,
23, 47, 49, 62 «, 86, 92, 104, in,
141, 209, 230, 249, 396 ; iv, 2 ; v,
51, 58, 76/2, 163 ; see also John,
King; Steph., iii, 46; iv, 125,
364 n ; see also Boulogne, Count,
and Stephen, King; Will., iii,
23 n ; see also Boulogne

Morton, Alice, iii, 62 ; Jno., iv, 258,
302 ; Rob. de, iv, 126/2

Morton Hall (nr. Oswestry), iv, 63 n

Mort's Hill, v, 271/2

Mosaics, iii, 112

Moscroft, iv, 142/2

Moscrop, Cecily, v, 170/2, 176/2;
Ellis, v, 170/2, 176/2; Rob., v,
19 n ; Will., v, 19 n

Moselegh, see Mossley

Moses Gate, v, 34 ; ch., v, 38 ; Non-
conf., v, 39

Mosilache, iii, 249/2

Mosley, Agnes, see Mosshead ;
Ann(e), iii, 64; iv, 231-2, 238/2,
241, 291, 293/2, 295-6, 370 «; v,
8/2, 83; Ant., iv, 191, 231-2,
238, 241/2, 263/2, 290/2, 296;
Edw., iii, 129/2; iv, 121/2-2/2,
232, 237/2, 246/2-7, 256/2; v, 49;
Sir Edw., iv, 158/2, 203, 231-2,
237/2-8, 290-1, 295-6, 337; v,
269 n ; Eliz., iv, 232, 290 «, 296 ;

47

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Mosley (cont.)

v, 8/2, 282 n; Ellen, iv, 246 n ;
Fran., iv, 232, 240 n-2 n, 290 ;
Jas., iv, 232, 290 n ; Jane, iv, 232;
Jenkin, iv, 232, 290 n; Jno. (de),
iii, 368 n ; iv, 126, 154 n ; Sir Jno.,
iv, 231-2, 238 ; v, 41 ; Sir Jno. P.,
iv, 231-2, 236, 238-9 «, 281/2,
293 »; v> 38»J Kath., iv, 232;
Marg., iv, 232, 296 ; Mary, iv,
232, 290-1 n ; Dame Meriel, iv,
202, 232 ; Nich., iv, 223 n, 232,
238, 241-2 n, 277 «, 291, 337 n;
v, 8/2, 41 n, 269, 281-2 n; Sir
Nich., iv, 231-2, 238, 241 n, 260/2,
290-1, 296, 301 n; v, 269 n;
Oswald, iv, 191, 232, 237-41 //,
281 n, 290-1 n, 370 n ; Sir Oswald,
iv, 179, 231-2, 236, 238-9/2,
273 «; Rowland (Roland), iv,
231 n-2, 237/2, 241, 260 n, 277 n,
290,292/2, 295-6, 333 n; v, 8/2,
29 n ; Sam., iv, 232, 237 n, 240 ;
fam., iv, 232, 325
Mosley Common, ch., iii, 444
Moss, Little, (Ashton), iv, 338-9,

343 »

Moss, Ad. del, iii, 123/2; Alan del,
iii, 123/2; Alice del, iii, I23»;
Appylina, v, 253 n; Edw., iii,
284 ; iv, 101 n ; Eliz., iii, 284 ;
Hen. (de), iii, 210, 284; Hugh
del, iii, 123 n; Iseult del, iii, 123 «;
Jas., iv, 201 ; v, 253 ; Joan, iii,
284; Jno., iv, 345/2; v, 25 in,
253; Marg., iv, 104 n; Mary, v,
253 n; Pet., iii, 346 n ; iv, 180 n ;
Phil., iii, 284 n ; iv, 101 n ; Rich.,
iii, 248 «, 256, 284; iv, 373 » ;
Rob. (del), iii, 59/2, no, 284/2;
Thos., iii, 9, 26, 391 ; v, 253 n;
Will, (del), iii, I23#;iv, 9672-7,
101, 104/2; v, 161 n; Wymark
del, iii, 123 n ; fam., iii, 175

Moss Bank (Windle), iii, 371

Moss Bank End, iii, 373

Mossborough, iii, 212, 278/2, 382,
384 ; Hall, iii, 384-5 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 386

Moss Bridge, iii, 247 n

Moss Brook, iii, 395 ; iv, 266/2-7/2,
270 «, 274/2; see also Black
Brook

Moss Close, iv, 67 »

Mosse, Fran., iii, 14 n

Mosseld Yard, the, (Leigh), iii, 440

Moss End, iii, 373

Mosses, the, (Birkdale), iii, 238 n

Moss Grange, iii, 14/2, 131 n

Moss Green, see Moss Side

Moss Hall, v, 298 «~9 n

Mosshead, Agnes del, iii, I34«;
Jno. del, iii, 134/2

Mossheys, iv, 114/2

Mosshouse, iii, 380 n

Mosshulme, v, 35 n

Moss Lache (Prescot), iii, 372 n

Mosslake, the, (Liverpool), iv, i, 6

Moss Lane, Nonconf., iii, 257

Mossley (Ashton), iv, 338-40/2,
343 «> 345. 347, 35° »; char., iv,
352 ; ch., iv, 350-1 ; fairs, iv,
347 n ; mills, iv, 340 ; Nonconf.,
iv, 351

Mossley (Lowton), iv, 151

Mossley Hill (Garston), iii, 121, 128;
Hall, iii, 121

Mossley, Ad. (de), iii, 106 n ; iv,
345 n ; Agnes de, iv, 151 n; Alan
de, iii, 132/2, 140; Ellen de, iii,

Mossley (cont.)

132/2, 140; Emma de, iv, 345 »;
Hen. de, iv, 345 n ; Rich, de, iv,
345 n] Rob.de, iii, 132/2, 140;
iv, 151 n; Will, de, iv, 345 n

Mossock Hall, iii, 279-81

Mossock, Anilla de, iii, 280 ; Anne,
iii, 280, 417 «, 419, 423-4; Eliz.,
iii, 280-1 ; Ellen, iii, 280 ; Geoff.,
iii, 280 n ; Godf., iii, 280 n ; Hen.
(de), iii, 116, 130-1, 204/2, 239 n,
280, 282, 303 ; Jane, iii, 280 ;
Joan, iii, 116, 131, 280; Kath.,
iii, 303 n ; Marg., iii, 213, 280;
Ralph de, iii, 280 ; Rich, (de), iii,
280; Thos. (de), iii, 6/2, 130-1/2,
213, 280, 423-4; fam., iii, 113,
I3i> 174, 239, 242 n, 279, 401 »

Moss Side (Ashton), iv, 339

Moss Side (Manchester), iv, 174,
178/2, 235/2-6/2, 288, 290/2, 292,
302, 308, 332 n ; chs., iv, 302 ;
Nonconf., iv, 250, 302 ; Pepper
Hill Farm, iv, 302 ; sch., iv, 203 n

Mossyhalgh, v, 35

Moston, iv, 174, 176, 212 n, 230/2-
I «, 235/2-6/2, 259/2, 26372-4,
270, 272 n; Bowker Hall, iv,
255 n; ch., iv, 270; Hall, iv,

266 #-7; man., iv, 265, 267,
342 n, 344 n ; v, 59, 60 n ; Non-
conf., iv, 270; Rom. Cath., iv,
265, 270

Moston, New, iv, 265, 270

Moston Brook, iv, 271

Moston, Alice de, iii, 329, 332 ;
Cecily de, v, 55 n; Eliz. (de), iv,
241 n, 271 n; Ellen, iv, 316/2;
Emmota (Emma) de, iv, 267 n ;
Geo., iv, 345 n ; Hugh de, iv,
267 n, 315 n-i6n, 319/2 ; Jno. de,
iv, 267 n, 319/2; Lucy de, iv,

267 n ; Marg. de, iv, 267 n ;
Margery, iv, 345 n ; Rich, (de),
iii, 106, 329, 330 «, 332, 338/2;
iv, 241 n, 267 n, 316 n, 319 «,
344 n; Rob. de, iii, 329, 332 n,
339 n i iv, 267 n ; v, 55 »; Will,
de, iii, 96 n, 329-30, 332 n ; iv,
265 n, 267 n, 319 n ; fam., iv, 319

Moterode, v, 21 3 n

Mottershead, Jos., iv, 250 ; T., iv,

204 n

Mottram, char., iv, 352 n
Moulineaux (France), origin of

Molyneux surname, iii, 67 n
Mound, anc., v, 286
Mounson, Sir Thos., iii, 195
Mount, Jas., iii, 52 ; Will., iii, n n,

55
Mounteagle, Monteagle, Ld., iv,

62 n, 144 n, 146 n, 218; v, 28 n;

Sir Edw. Stanley, iii, 160/2-1/2,

167 ; v, 247 ; Sir Thos. Stanley,

v, 295 n ; Sir Will. Stanley, iv,

218; v, 247

Mourihilles, Rob. del, iv, 75 n
Moyer, Lady, v, 9 ; Sir Sam., v, 9 n
Moyle Hill, iv, 256 n
Mozley, Chas., iv, 46
Much Crosby, see Crosby, Great
Mucklebrook, v, 1 80 n
Mucklehurst, iii, 397 n
Mugehale, iv, 341 n
Muke, brook, iii, 13 n
Mukelholm, iii, 1 23-4/2
Mulgrave, Constantine C. H. Phipps,

earl of, see Normanby, mqss. of
Mulne, Rob. del, iii, 145 n
Mulnegate, Jno. de, iv, 359

370

Mulne Hey, iii, 427 ; see Milne
Mulnelewe, Hugh de, iii, 296 n
Multon, Id. of Garston, iii, 121-2
Multon, Joan de, iii, 395 n ; iv, 137 «,

389 n ; v, 80 n ; Will, de, iii, 395 n;

iv, 137 n, 389/2; v, 80/2; see

Milton

Mulward, Jno., iii, 397 «
Mulwardscroft, v, 35
Mumps (Oldham), v, 92
Mun, Rich., iii, 33 n
Mural decorations, iii, 220; iv, 321;

v, 3, 43, 5°
Murbrook, v, 180/2
Murphy, — , iv, 35 1 »
Murray, Sir Chas., iv, 196 n\ Lady

Eliz., iii, 124; Geo., iv, 239; v,

126 ; see also Bankes ; Lord Hen.,

iii, 124; Jas., v, 148; Jno., iv,

60 n ; Marian, iv, 60 n; Rich., iv,

196; Sir Rich., iv, 59
Murren, Jno., iii, 212
Murscough, iii, 198, 201 n
Musbury, v, 71/2, 123, 143, 145,

150; Nonconf., v, 150
Musbury Heights, v, 150
Musbury Park, v, 150
Muscarrs, iii, 274 n
Muscar Syke, iii, 266 n
Muschamp, Geoff, de, see Lichfield,

bp. of
Muscle, Eliz., iii, 233 « ; Will., iii,

233 n

Musden Head, v, 150
Musgrove, Edgar, iii, 298
Muskil, Will., iii, 326
Muslin manuf., v, 245
Muspratt, E. K., iv, 53-4
Muster Pool, iii, 222 n ; see also

Lydiate Brook
Mutrie, Martha D., iv, 280
Myddelton, Thos., iii, 18
Myerscough, iv, 161, 312, 384 n
Mynter, Lawr., iii, 154
Myntynge, Agnes de, iii, 134/2;

Hen. de, iii, 1 34 n ; Rob. de, iii, 1 34 n
Myrscolawe, iii, 191/2
Mysthacre, iii, 69 n
Mythom, iv, 202 n
Mytingreaves, v, 302/2
Mytton, Jno. de, iii, 77 n ; see Mitton

Nabb, Abra., v, 142 « ; Barbara, iv,
253 n; Dorothy, iv, 253 n ; Oliver,
v, 142 ; Will., iv, 253/2

Nabbs, Jno., v, 125, 147/2

Nablous, Gamier de, see Hospital-
lers, priors

Nacfield, v, 176

Naden, v, 223/2; man., v, 131 //,
203 «, 206 #-7, 224 n

Naden Brook, v, 1 76, 1 78 n

Naden, Ad. de, v, 207 n ; Hen. de,
v, 207 n ; Isabel, v, 207 n ; Maud
de, v, 207 n ; Ralph, v, 209 n ;
Rog. de, v, 207 n ; Thos. de, v,
207 n ; Will, de, v, 207 n

Nadin, Thos., iv, 288 n

Nail making, iii, 414, 438; iv, 70,
89, 340

Naithalargh, Nazelarwe, iii, 2 70, 292 n

Nangreave, Col. S. W., v, 142 n ;
fam., v, 142/2

Narrs Croft, iii, 85

Nash, — , iii, 147; Jno., iii, no

Nasmyth, Jas., iv, 363

Nat Bank, see Gnat Bank

Nateby, Thos. de, iii, 100/2; Will,
de, iii, 100/2

INDEX

Nathelargh, Avice de, iii, 274 n ;

Sim. de, iii, 274 n
Nather dale, iii, 270
National Covenant, iii, 54 «, 71,

183 «, 220, 239, 303 n, 412; iv,

218 n; v, 179, 224
Naveden, see Naden
Naylor, Anne, iii, 347 n ; Jas., iii,

375 ; Phil., iv, 136 ; Thos., iv,

77, 147 ; Will., iii, 225, 373 n ;

iv, 67 n ; fam., iii, 26 n
Naylor's Bridge, iii, 118
Naylor's Hey, iii, 248 n
Nazelarwe, see Naithalargh
Nearer Mossocks, iii, 222
Neckars, iv, 364
Needham, Anne, iii, 271 n; Fr.

Seb., iii, 435 n ; Jno., see Kilmorey,

Ld. ; Rob.de, v, 190 n; Sam., iv,

136 ; Will., iii, 64 n
Negative Oath, iii, 54 n, 71, 183 n,

220, 303 n; v, 179, 224
Neild, Anne, iv, 237 n ; Ellen, iv,

237 n ; Kath., iv, 237 n ; Mary,

iv, 237 n ; Rob., iv, 237 ;/, 243 n,

see Nield

Neilson, Thos., iii, 311
Neldurs Acre, iv, 207 n
Nelescroft, iv, 98 n
Nelson, Dorothy, v, 302 « ; Hugh,

iii, 204 ; v, 302 n ; Jno., v, 302 n ;

Pet., v, 302 n ; Rich., iii, 239 n ;

Rob., iii, 345 n ; Thos., iii, 239 n ;

Will., v, 302 n
Neolithic Age, iv, 217, 252, 259,

397; v, 144
Neston, iii, 163;*
Neston, Little, man., iii, 133 n
Netheracres, iv, 260 n
Nether Alport, iv, 194 n
Nether Broadmoor, iii, 99 n
Netherfield (Everton), iii, 20 n-l
Netherfields, the, (Rixton), iii,

336 n
Nether Kellet, iii, i6o#; man. and

Idshp., iv, 92-3
Netherlands Castle (Droylsden), iv,

282 n
Netherley, iii, 117; brook, iii, 117,

176
Netherton, iii, 58, 72 #, 74, 217 n;

char., iii, 65 ; man., iii, 70 ; mill,

iii, 75 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 74
Netherwood, iii, 398 #-9 n
Nettleham, Rob. de, v, 77 «, 81 »
Nettleworth, Hen. de, iv, 349
Neuhagh, Will, de, iii, 1 89
Nevill, Alb. de, iv, 193, 27 in;

Amabel de, v, 94 ; Cecily de, v,

94 n ; Edm. de, iii, 349 n ; Sir

Edm. de, iii, 367 n ; Eleanor, iii,

!59, 16? i Geoff, de, v, 94 n;

Hen., iii, 109, 164 «, 252; Isabel

de, iii, 54 n; v, 101 n ; Jas., see

Shippoboitom. ; Joan de, iii, 101 n ;

iv, 107 #, 146 n; v, 101 n ; Jno.

de, v, 101 n ; Sir Jno. de, iii, 342 ;

Marg., iii, 101 ; Ralph de, iii,

342; Rob. (de), iii, 54 «, ioin,

210, 212 n; iv, 107 n, 146 n; v,

131 « ; Sir Rob. (de), iii, 101 ;

v, 101 n ; Thos. de, iii, 198 ; Sir

Thos., iii, 101 ; Will, de, iv,

377 n; v, 94, 108
Newall, Isabel, v, 229 « ; Lawn, v,

220 n ; Rob., v, 220 «, 229 n ;

Will., iv, 297 n ; v, 229 n ; fam.,

v, 227«, 229
Newark, coll., iv, 294
New Barns, iv, 397

NewboM, v, 179, 193, 201, 205 ;

ch., v, 200 ; Hall, v, 205
Newbold, Edw., v, 205 n ; Geoff, de,

v, 205 n ; Hen. de, v, 205 n ;

Jas., v, 205 ; Jno. (de), v, 205,

218 n ; Jos., v, 205 n ; Nun of, v,

205 n ; Rob. de, v, 205 n ; Sam.,

v, 189; Thos. de, v, 157, 164;;;

Will, de, v, 205 n
Newbold Comyn, iii, 232
Newburgh, iii, 165 n, 239, 243 n,

247 «-8, 256; char., iii, 246 n;

ch., iii, 257; mkt. and fair, iii,

2$on-in, 256; sch. iii, 247 n,

256

Newcastle, earl of, iii, 392 ; iv, 1 79 n
Newchurch (Culcheth), iv, 161 «,

1 64-5 n; char., iv, 131
Newchurch (Rossendale), v, 150,

206
Newcome, Eliz., iv, 261 n ; Hen.,

iv, 199, 250, 261 », 280; v, 159,

181 n
Newcroft, iv, 21 in; v, 46 n, $!«,

53«-5» »9»

New Earth (Abram), iv, 114 n
Newfield, iv, 312^
Newfoundland, Jas. Butler Kelly,

coadjutor bp. of, iii, 55 n
New Hall (Ashton), iv, 147
Newhall (Eccles), iv, 363 «, 370
New Hall (Edenfield), v, 144, 146 n
Newhall (Pendleton), iv, 393 n
New Hall (Tyldesley), iii, 442 #-3
New Hall (W. Derby), iii, 16, 84,

Newhall Hey, v, 71 «, 150-1 n ; see

also under Cowpe
Newham, iv, 365 «, 367 n, 370
Newham, Germain de, iv, 365 «,

370 n; Hawise de, iv, 370 n ; Jno.

de, iv, 370 n ; Marg. de, iv, 372 n ;

Margery de, iv, 370 n; Odo de,

iv, 37° n > Rich, de, iv, 370 n ;

Will, de, iv, 370 n
Newhey (Butterworth), ch., v, 222 ;

Nonconf., v, 222
New Hey (Maghull), iii, 21 7 n
Newhouses, Newhouse, Hen. del,

iii, 93 n ; Rich, del, iii, 93 n ;

Rob. del, iii, 93 n
New Jerusalem ch., see Sweden-

borgians

New Outlane, iii, 393 «
New Pale, iii, 181
New Park (Lathom), iii, 162, 248,

25i«, 254

New Park (Netherton), iii, 62 n
New Pool, iii, 234
Newport, Agnes, iii, 433 n ; Jno.,

i", 433 »

New Ridd, the, (Worsley), iv, 383 n
New Ridding (Aughton), iii, 302
New Row (N. Meols), iii, 233 n
Newsham, iii, 22-5 «, 27 ; iv, 138 n ;

House, iii, 23, 27 ; Park, iii, 12 n ;

iv, 40

Newsham Land, iii, 15 n
Newsome, Will., iv, 246 n
New Springs, iv, 1 1 8 ; Rom. Cath.,

IV, 122

Newstead Priory (Notts.), iv, 285
Newton (Manchester), iv, 1 74, 1 76 n,
192-3, 201 «, 222 «, 235 «, 241,
245 n, 271; chap., iv, 178, 272,
274 ; chapelry, iv, 272 ; char., iv,
201 n, 272 ; man., iv, 271 ;
Nonconf., iv, 272 «~4; Rom. Cath.,
iv, 273 ; sch., iv, 273
Newton (Worsley), iv, 376

371

Newton in Makerfield, le Willows,
iv, 122-3, I26«, 130^, 132,
I38«; barony, iii, 332; iv, 83,
I23, 133, 145 »J b°ro., iv, 132,
135,- chap., iv, 129; char., iv,
131; ch., iv, 135-6; cross, iv,
132 ; Hall, iii, 318 ; iv, 134 ; ind.,
iv, 132 ; man., iv, 59, 79, 89, 102,
133, 138^, 151 ; mkt. and fairs,
iv, 132, 135; Nonconf., iv, 137;
parl. repr., iv, 132, 135 ; races,
iv, 132; Rom. Cath., iv, 137;
schs., iv, 13072, 136
Newton, hund., iii, I ; iv, 57, 132-3
Newton, Id. of, iii, 329 ; iv, 59,

65 n, 70, 80 «, 85
Newton Brook, iv, 123, 132, 140
Newton Heath, iv, 178 «, 235 n, 271,

273, 392
Newton Lane, Marprelate Press at,

iv, 176, 271

Newton, baron of, iii, 364 n ; iv, 123
Newton, Ld., iv, 66 n, 139, 149
Newton, Dan., v, 94 n ; Emma de,

iii, 170; Felicia de, iv, i35#;

Gregory de, iv, 349; Hugh, iv,

334 w; Jno., iv, 297, 352 «; v,

55«-6«; Marg., v, 85; Matth.

(de), iii, 1 70 n ; iv, 208 n ; Paulinus

de, iv, I33»; Rich, (de), iv,

I33»J v> 46 »; Rob. (de), iv,

341 n ; v, 55 n, 65 ; Rog. de, iv,

133 «; Sam., v, 294; Thos., iv,

346 n; v, 55 n; Will, (de), iii,

448; iv, 66 n, 133 n, 341 n; v,

55 n ; fam., v, 55
Newtown (Manchester), iv, 223-4
Newtown (Pemberton), iv, 78 ; ch.,

iv, 83

Niberhole, see Nickerhole
Nichodine Mills, v, 274 n
Nicholas IV, pope, iii, 227, 243,

288, 416 ; iv, 193 n
Nicholas, chaplain, iii, 182; of Old

Tarbock, iii, 181 n; of the Oak,

v, 58 n
Nichola(s)son, Hen., iii, 94 n ; Will.,

iii, 401
Nichojls, Benj., iv, 204 n, 360 ; Jno.

A., iv, 252

Nicholsfield, iii, 398 »
Nicholson, Ellen, iv, 202; Evan,

iv, 44 n; Geo., iv, 334 »; Jno.,

iii, 273 n

Nickerhole, v, 62
Nickson, Jno., iii, 149; Rob., iii,

263 n

Nico Ditch, iv, 276, 292 «, 309, 326
Nicol, Walt., iv, 322
Nicolas, Sir Harris, iv, 143 n
Nield, Eliz., iv, 277 n; Marg., iv,

277 n; Mark, v, 190; Miles, iv,

277 n, 287 n ; see Neild
Nigel, Id. of Halton, iii, 387
Nightegale, Alice, iv, ic>9«, ngn;

Ellen, iv, 155^; Hen., iv, 109 n,

155 n; Jno., iv, 109 «, ngn;

fam., iv, 109 ; see also Nightingale
Nightingale, Geo., v, 149
Nimble Nook, v, 115
Nimmo, Rev. Dav., v, 254 n
Nob End, v, 262 ; ch., v, 266
Noble, fam., v, i8«
Noke, Rob., iii, 344
Nollerode, v, 232 n
Nonant, Hugh, see Lichfield, bp. of
Nonjurors, iv, 249
Noon Hill, v, 286
Noranholm, see Hulme
Norbury, nr. Ashbourne, iv, 218

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Norbury, Fran., v, 282 ; Jane, v,
283 n ; Rich, de, iv, 322 72 ; Rob.,
v, 283 72 ; Thos. de, iv, 322 72

Norcott, WilL, iii, 18 ; v, 233 72

Norcross, Jno., v, 9

Norden, v, 188, 190, 206; ch., v,
212; Rom. Cath., v, 213

Nordenbrook, iv, 405 72

Norfolk, dk. of, iii, 161 ; Jno., iii,
1 80

Norlands, iii, 348 72

Norley, iv, 78-9

Norley, fam., v, 18 72

Norman, Jno., iv, 141 72 ; Sam., iii,
149; Thos., iv, 136, 27872 ; Will.,

»i, 393 »

Normanby, iv, 212 72

Normanby, Constantine C. H.
Phipps, mqss. of, iv, 391

Norreys, Agnes le, iii, 13372-4,
32272, 333; Alan le, iii, 1672,
25/2, 4772-872, 7672, 8772, 1 1 6,
119, 122, 12472-5, 13172-3, 139,
14172-4, 147, 150, 34972, 351,
355-6, 358-6072, 36372, 39972; iv,
115; v, 300; Alice le, iii, 119,
!33-4, 35 i «> 355 *» 35 8 » ; Anabel
le, iv, 32972; Anilla le, iii, 116,
129, 131 ; Cecily le, iii, 133-4 ; v,
300 72 ; Clemency le, iii, 356,
36372 ; Sir Edw., iii, 13472 ; Eliz.,
iii, 134 ; Ellen le, iii, 1672 ; Err ma
le or la, iii, 139, 358-972; iv,
1 1 5 72 ; v, 300 72-2 72 ; Gilb. le,
iii, 355-6 72, 358, 363 72 ; iv, 138 72 ;
Hen. le, iii, 1472, 25 72, 4772, 151,
170, 32272, 355, 358-9, 36372;
iv, 11672; v, 30172; Sir Hen. le,
iii, 116, 12372, 133-4, 139, 147,
18072; Hugh le, iii, 1672, 4772,
356, 35872-9; iv, 115; v, 299-
30272; Joan le, iii, 1672, 78, 280;
Jno. le, iii, 16,2572, 4772, 116,
12472, 12672, 129, 131-472, 139,
14472-572, 147, 14972, 170, 17572,
280, 32272, 333, 34372, 351, 359,
402 72, 407 72 ; v, 301 72 ; Sir Jno.
le, iii, 134, 147; Jordan le, iv,
252 72, 324 ; Kath. le, iii, 133 72-4,
170 ; Mabel le, iii, 402 72 ; iv, 115;
v, 300; Marg. le, iii, 1672, 2572,
35872-9; Margery le, iii, 4772,
13272-3, 14472, 355, 36372; v,
30072; Mary, iv, 373; Maud le,
iii, 355-672, 36372; Nicholaa le,
iii, 132-3; Nich. le, iii, 4872,
32272,351,358, 40472; Pat. (le),
iii, 47 72, 133, 144 72-5 n > Rich- le,
iii, 12472, 351, 355, 359; ^,25272,
324; Rob. le, iii, 1472, 78, 13172,
13472, 32272, 333, 351, 355-672,
358-9; iv, 31 1 72, 32472; v,
30072-172; Rob. H., iv, 373;
Rob. J. J. H., iv, 373 ; Rog. le, v,
301 72 ; Sim. le, iii, 144 ; Thos. le,
iii, 1672, 2972, 14572, 147,358-972;
Will, le, iii, 16, 4772, 134, 14572,
147, 35?-6o n; iv, 311, 324,
37072; Sir Will., iii, 13472; fam.,
iv, 275 ; see also Norris

Norris, Ld., iii, 13472

Norris, Alex., v, 248 72, 255-8 ;
Alice, iii, 3172, 126; v, 30272;
Andr., iii, 1572-17; iv, 39072;
Anne, iii, 5472; v, 257, 30272;
Beatrice, iii, 203, 207 ; Bridg., iii,
233, 40672; Cecily, iv, 311;
Chas., iii, 1772; Chris., v, 256,
1*58, 27972; Clemence, iii, 104,
135; v, 28, 30172-272; Dorothy,

Norris (cont.)

iii, 54 72 ; Edw., iii, 102-3 ni IQ8 «»
11972, 12672, 128, 135-8, 18072,
20072, 306, 33772, 401, 425; iv,
20, 384 72 ; v, 301-2 72 ; Eleanor,
iii, 1772, 137; Eliz., iii, 29472; iv,
10372; Ellen, iii, 1672, 35972;
Emma de, iii, 1 70 72 ; Frances, iii,
13672; Geo., iii, 13572; v, 24872,
30272 ; Gilb., iii, 35972 ; Hen., iii,
1672-1772, 104,135-672, 171, 19972,
200 72 ; iv, 373 ; v, 300-2 72 ;
Humph., iii, 108 72 ; Isabel, iii,
1672; v,24872; Jno., iii, 1672-1772,
5472, 10872, 11572, 12472, 128,
174, 200, 35972; v, 254, 272;
Jas., iii, 13572, 20072; K(C)ath.,
iii, 128, 136; Dame Kath., iii,
134-572; Lettice, iii, 16, 4772,
134; Magdalen, iii, 136; Marg.,
iii, 136-7, 204, 34672; Mary, iii,
102 ; iv, 373 ; Matth. de, iii,
17072; Rich., iii, 1672-1772,107,
126, 13672, 20072, 29572; Rob.,
iii, 5472, 20072; v, 24872; Rog.,
iii, 31 72 ; Thos., iii, 9, 16, 47 72-8 72,
107, 126, 134, 136, 140, 147, 151,
189, 191, 322, 329, 381 ; iv, 27;
v, 1 13 72, 302 72 ; Will., iii, 15 72-16,
47 «, 8972, 10372, 10872, 12472,

135-7, 145, 20072, 23872, 257,

359 72 ; v, 248 72, 302 72 ; Sir Will.,

111, 1672, 47, 102, 10472, 10872,

112, n6«, 124, 126, 12972, 13172,
134-6, 14772-8, 150, 171, 203,

205, 21272, 233, 29472, 30572,

34072, 40672, 425, 430; v, 28,
30172-272; fam., iii, 16, 47, 54,
115, 124, 128, 131, 133-472, 139,
200, 322 ; v, 248 ; see also
Norreys

Norris Bank, ch., iv, 326

Norris Green, iii, 17

Norrise, Mabel la, iii, 424

Norse Hoyle, v, 230 72

North, Sir Chas., Ld., iv, 231 72-2 ;
Kath., Lady, iv, 231 72-2, 291 72

Northale, Alice de, iii, 361 ; Gilb.
de, iii, 361 ; Hen. de, iii, 361 ;
Hugh de, iii, 361 ; Jno. de, iii,
361, 36872, 37072; Sim. de, iii,
361 ; Thos. de, iii, 361 72 ; see also
Sherdley

Northall (Sutton), iii, 359 72

Northall, man., iv, 33672

Northampton, Will. Parr, mqss. of,

"i, 379> 38i

Northbrook (Walton), iii, 27
North Brook (stream), iii, 5772
Northbrook, Emmotta de, iii, 2772;

Rich, de, iii, 27
Northcroft (Melling), iii, 209
Northdene, iv, 365 72, 379 72, 390
North End (Halewood), iii, 149
Northend (I nee Blundell), iii, 71 72,

79, 83 72

Northern Rising, iii, 232
Northfield, iii, 213
Northlegh, Ad. de, iv, 7972, 8172;

Kath. de, iv, 79 72 ; Margery de,

iii, 33 72 ; iv, 79 72 ; Maud de, iv,

79 72 ; Sir Thurstan de, iii, 33 72 ;

iv, 79 72
Northmoor, v, 10772; ch., v, 106;

Nonconf., v, 107
Northolmley, man., iii, 162 72
Northowram, see Owram, North
North Street, iv, 339
Northumberland, Hen. Percy, earl

of, v, 271 72

372

Northwich (Ches.), iii, 296 «, 409 72,
428 n ; iv, 38072

Northwood, v, 96 n

Norton (Notts.), iii, 249

Norton (Staff.), iii, 314 n

Norton Priory (Ches.), iii, log, I77«,
281, 322, 394, 403 n ; see also
Runcorn ; abbot, iii, 1 80 n

Norton, prior of, iii, 156, 413 ;
Rich., iii, 413 n

Norton, Fran., iv, 285 n ; Habrea,
iv, 285 n

Norwich, bp. of, iii, 162 n ; Jos.
Hall, iv, 63 72 ; Jno. Sheepshanks,
iii, 28 n

Nostell Priory (Yorks.), iii, 203 n ;
iv, 125 ; canons, iv, 125, 136, 141

Nostell, priors of, iv, 125-6, 136;
Hen. de Aberford, iv, 141 n ; Jno.,
iv, 126 n, 141 n

Noter brook, iii, 363 n

Not(e)hogh, Notehoh, see Nuttall

Nottbrook, iii, 380 n

Nottingham, archd. of, Thos. Byrom,
iii, 311

Nottingham, bp. of, Rich. Roskell,
iii, 117

Nottingham, earl of, v, 66 n ; Sir
Heneage Finch, iv, 64 n, 128 n

Nottingham, Hen. de, iii, 48, 223 n

Notton, Cecily de, iv, 118, 365 ; v,
266; Edith de, iv, 357 #-8,
364-5 ; see also Barton ; Gilb. de,
iv, 273, 28372, 357 72-8, 364-5,
372, 377; v, 80, 94, 108, 11072,
116, 20772, 210, 213, 220 72, 227 n;
see also Barton ; Margery de, v,
213; Rog. de, iv, 35772-872; v,
10872, lion, ii6n, 213, 220 n;
Will, de, iv, 118, 28372,365; v,
266; Sir Will, de, v, 116

Novelli, Lewis, v, 75-6 n

Nowell, Alex., iv, n6n; see also
St. Paul's, dean of; Alice,
iv, 17772, 241 n; Gilb., iv, 11672;
Hugh de, iv, 377 n ; Isabel, iv,
I3S»> 153 «J Kath., iii, 83 n;
Lawr., iii, 83 n; Rog., iv, 135 n;
Thos., iv, 17772, 241 «

Nugent, Edm., iv, 269 n; Marg.,
iv, 192, 201-2, 245 72, 269 n;
Rich., iv, 26972- 70 n; Walt., iv,
201-2, 240/2, 26972 ; fam., iv, 269

Nunn, Rich., iv, 9 ; Will., iv, 248 72

Nuremberg, Fred., burgrave of, iii,
14872

Nutchil, Gilb. de, v, 44 72

Nuthurst, iv, 23072-1 72, 261,26472-
5; v, 11672; Great Hall, iv,
266 72 ; Little Hall, iv, 266 72-7

Nuttall, v, 143, 14672

Nuttall Lane, v, 143

Nuttall, Noteho(g)h, Alb. E., iv,
204 ; Austin, iii, 261 ; Chas., v,

127, 14672, 15172, 227; Chris., v,
14272, 15172; Edw., v, 123;
Eleanor, v, 99 72 ; Eliz., v, 99 72,
14272; Emmot, v, 14672; Fran.,
iv, 255 ; Geoff., v, 14672; Geo.,
v, 14272, 15172; Giles, v,
14672, 15172; Hen., v, 14272,
14672; Jno. (de), iv, 25672; v,

128, 13772, 15172, 23072; Josiah,
v, 123 ; Kath., v, 9972 ; Lawr., v,
94, 23072; Ralph, v, 14272,
14672, 151 72, 294; Rich, (de), iii,
36172; v, 9972, 14672, 151 n;
Richmal, v, 13772; Rob., v,
13472-572, 13772, 14772, 15172,
215; Rog. de, v, 14672; Susan

INDEX

Nuttall (cont.)

A., v, 137/2; Susan E., v, 137 n;

Susanna, v, 142 n ; Thos. (de), v,

99 «> :37 »» T46 « ; Will., iii, 438 ;

v, 190, 201 ; fam., iv, 277 n; v,

99, 137, 146
Nutter, Ant., iii, 63 n ; Jno., iii, 63,

65, 92 /2, 289-90
Nutty Brook, iii, 358 »
Nytheroll, see Nickerhole

Oakenbottom, v, 266 ; mill, v,

269 n

Oakenbottom, Will, de, v, 248 »
Oaken Lee, v, 7 n
Oakenley, v, 35
Oakenrod, iv, 2I2»; v, 208; Hall,

v, 209
Oakenrod, Alex, de, v, 208 n \ Rob.

de, v, 208 n
Oakenshaw, iv, 219 n
Oak Hey, iv, 139/2
Oakley, Jno., see Manchester, dean

of

Oaks (Turton), v, 273
Gates, Titus, iii, 90 n ; plot, iii, 84 n,

221,239; iv, 77/2
Oatfield, iv, 209 n
Occleshaw (Abram), iv, 111/2, 113
Occleshaw (Aspull), iv, 120/2
Occleshaw Brook, iv, 113/2
Occleshaw, Beatrice de, iv, 113/2;

Cecily de, iii, 202; iv, 120/2;

Elias de, iii, 202 ; Eliz., iv, 113/2;

Hen. (de), iv, 113/2, 120; Hugh

de, iv, 120; Jno. (de), iv, 113/2-

14, 120; Rich, (de), iv, U3»,

120 «; Rog. de, iv, 1 13 n ; Thos.

de, iv, 113/2; Will, de, iv, Jin,

in, 113/2, 120/2; fam., iv, 113,

120

Occleshull, iv, 114 n
Ochre Brook, iii, 176
Odcroft, Jno., iv, 301 n, 334 n
Oddishargh, Little, iii, 50 n
Odenshawe, iv, 343 n
Offenham, the, (Warrington), iii,

330

Offerton, v, 52/2

Ogden (Butterworth), v, 213-14, 220;
Nonconf., v, 222 ; sch., v, 201 /2,
220 n

Ogden, Okeden, (Chadderton), v,
99/2, 121

Ogden, Tippet (Trippet) of, (Mus-
bury), v, 150

Ogden, valley, (Musbury), v, 150

Ogden Brook, v, 150

Ogden, Okeden, Ad. (de), v, 101/2,
210 #, 220 n ; Alex, de, v, 210 «;
Alice de, v, 210/2 ; Amos, v, 162,
280 ; Anne, v, 101 » ; Cecily (de),
iv, 269 n ; v, 220 n ; Edm., iii,
130/2; v, 99/2, 101 n ; Germain
de, v, 220 n ; Hen. de, v, 220 n ;
Isaac, v, 99 n; Jas., iv, 182/2;
Jno., iv, 322; Mary, iii, 130/2;
v, 1 14 « ; Reg. de, v, 220 n ;
Rich, (de), iv, 269/2; v, 121 «,
217/2, 220 n; Sam., iv, 186, 270;
v, 94, 99 n; Will.de, 217/2; fam.,
iii, 121

Ogle, Sir Rob., ist Ld., iii, 349

Ogle, Alice, iii, 349 n ; .Anne, iii,
349 n ; Cath., iii, 350 n ; Cuth.,
iii, 175/2, 212, 350, 354 «; Edw.,
iii, 349/2-50; Eliz., iii, 269, 350;
Grace, iii, 356 «; Hen., iii, 350,
352; Humph., iii, 349 n\ Jno.,

Ogle (cont.)

iii, 150/2-1/2, 342,349-50, 352,
389 n, 400; Kath., iii, 349 n;
Marg., iii, 349, 350 n ; Maud, iii,
349 n; Rich., iii, 175; Rob.de,
iv, 342 ; Rog., iii, 150 ; Will.,
iii, 349 n; fam., iii, 174, 349, 352

Oglet, iii, 131, i34«-5> I39~4O

Oglet Siche, iii, 104/2, 139

Oglet, Emmot de, iii, 140 ; Jno. de,
iii, 140 ; Rog. de, iii, 140

Oglethorpe (nr. Tadcaster), iv,

349 »

Ogree meadow, iv, 297 n

Oke, Will, de, iii, 63

Okeden, see Ogden

Okell, Ellen, iv, 45 n ; Rog., iv,

362 n
Okencliff, Andr. del, v, 214 n ; Will.

del, v, 2i4«
Okey, Jas., v, 269/2; Jno., iii,

438 n
Okill, Chas., iv, 34; Jas., iii, 117,

1 20

Oldewyneschawe, see Audenshaw
Oldfield (Huyton), iii, 177/2
Oldfield (Manchester), iv, 207/2-8/2,

212/2, 260/2

Oldfield end, iii, 298 n

Oldfield Lane, iv, 206, 208 n

Old Fields, Gt. and Little (Liver-
pool), iv, 2

Oldfield, Alice, iv, 213/2, 392 n ; v,
31 n ; Hen., iii, 61 ; Humph., iv,
202, 2 1 5-1 6 n ; Jno. de, iv, 206 n ;
Leftwich, iv, 213/2, 392 n; v,
31 n ; Rob., iv, 216, 301

Oldgate, the, iii, 399 n

Oldgreave, Rob., iv, 1 74 n

Old Hall (Westleigh), iii, 422, 424-5,
430

Oldham, iv, 171/2, 283 «, 336, 342,

350 »; v, 67-8, 71 », 73 n, 92,
102, 104, 112, 115, 215 ; adv., v,
104 ; boro., v, 102-3 ; Broad-
bent's, v, 99 n ; chap., v, 104 ;
chapelry, v, 67, 71, 104 ; char.,
iv, 203/2 ; v, 107 ; chs., iv, 347 n;
v, 67, 70, 103, 106; crosses, iv,
99 n ; ind., v, 68, 93 ; man., v,
94, 1 20 n ; mkt. and fairs, v, 103 ;
mills, v, 93; Nonconf., v, 107;
pk., v, 103; riots, v, 93, 118/2;
rds. and sts., iv, 92, 181 n ; Rom.
Cath., v, 107 ; schs., v, 75, 107 ;
see also under Prestwich

Oldham Above Town, v, 92 72-3
Oldham Below Town, v, 92 #-3
Oldham Canal, iv, 273, 282
Oldham Edge, v, 92
Oldham Field, iv, 274 n
Oldham, Gt. and Little, iv, 292
Oldham, Ad. (de), iv, 239 #-40 «,
264 n, 283/2; v, 95/2-6/2;
Alward de, v, 95 ; Anne, iv,
222 n ; Bern., see Cornwall,
archd. of; Cecily (de), iv, 240 n;
v, 95 n ; Chas. J., iv, 239 n ;
Christiana de, v, 95 n ; Edm., iv,
240 n ; Eliz., iv, 240 /2, 264 n ;
Ellen (de), iv, 239 #-40 n ; v,
95 n ; Eva de, v, 96 n ; Hugh,
see Exeter, bp. of; Isabel (de), iv,
240 « ; v, 95 n ; Jas., iv, 239 «-
40 n ; Jno., iv., 222 «, 239 « ;
Jordan de, iv, 252 n ; Marg., iv,
396 n ; Margery de, v, 95 ; Pet.
(de), iv, 239 n ; v, 95 n ; Ralph,
iv, 396 n ; Rich, de, iv, 283 n ;
v, 95, 98;*, 101 n ; Rob., iv,

373

Oldham (cont.)

239/2-40/2, 264 n; Rog., iv,

239 n; Sam., iv, 352 ; Thos., iv,

264 ; Will, (de), iv, 239 n ; v,

95 #, loo «, 102 n ; Will. P., iv,

147 ; fam., iv, 239, 264
Oldham's Tenement, see Bong's

Farm

Oldhouse Brook, v, 176
Old Smith Carr Meadow, iii,

217 n

Old Swan (W. Derby), iii, 11-13
Olgreve, Isabel, iii, 268 ; Ralph, iii,

268

Olgreyff, see Oldjreave
Olifordhurst, Alice de, iii, 426 ;

Rich, de, iii, 426
Olive, Jno., iv, 209 n ; Marg., iv,

209 n ; Rayner, iv, 209 n ; Rog.,

iv, 209 n

Olive Mount cutting, iii, ill
Oliver, Eliz., iii, 263 « ; Jno., iii,

263 n ; Rob., iii, 263 n ; Thos.,

iii, 128, 263 n
Oliver Ball Hey, Iii, 232 n
Oliver dough, iv, 255 n,
Olledcn, Ad. de, v, 273 n
Oiler Croft, iii, 304 «
Ollerfordehurst, see Alderforest
Oilers, Thos. del, iv, 276^
Ollerschagh, iv, 209 n
Ollerton, iv, 380/2
Ollerton, Jno., iii, 400 « ; Rich, de,

v, 7»

Ollivant, Alf., see Llandaff, bp. of
Olton, Alice de, iii, 254 n
Olton Brook, v, 7 n
Omerland, v, 5 1 n
One Ash (nr. Rochdale), v, 190
Openshaw, iv, 174, 176^, 17872,

230 n-i n, 235 n-6 n, 238 n, 275 n-

6/2,280, 282, 287, 319 «, 367/2;

v, 36 n\ ch., iv, 288 ; man., iv,

287 ; Nonconf., iv, 288 ; Rom.

Cath., iv, 288
Openshaw, Higher, ch., iv, 288 ;

Nonconf., iv, 288
Openshaw, Lower, Nonconf., iv,

288/2

Openshaw Cross, iv, 230 n
Openshaw, A vice de, iv, 331 n;

Hen. de, iv, 331 n ; Jas., v, 62 «,

181 », 262 n ; Jno., v, 62 n, 181/2 ;

Lamuel (Lam well), v, 181/2,

262 «; Rich., v, 181/2; Thos.,

v, 128/2, 132; fam., v, 62, 181
Ordsall, iv, 207 n ; Hall, iv, 204-5,

213; man., iv, 206, 210, 280,

393 ; v, 27, 46

Ordsall Park, Salford, iv, 204
Ordsall, fam., iv, 191
O'Reilly, Bp. Bern., iii, 44 n
Orfelles, iii, 276/2
Orford, iii, 304/2, 316, 318/2, 320,

322; iv, 140, 163, 169/2; Bot.

Gdns., iii, 147 ; ch., iii, 324 ;

Hall, iii, 147 «, 322-3 ; man., iii,

319

Orkot, iv, 364

Orlinhead, iv, 377/2

Orm, recluse, iii, 238 n ; Dragun,
iii, 50 n; of Woolton, iii, 114/2;
the Forester, see Formby, Orm,
de

Orme, Alice, iii, 120/2, 369 »;
Dan., iv, 186; Edw., iii, 164/2,
352/2, 369/2, 393; Geo., iii,
120/2; Hen., iii, 120/2; Rich.,
iii, 181 ; Thos., iii, 102, 120,
409 ; Will., v, 25; fam., iii, 1 16, 120

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Ormerod, Eliz., iii, 443 ; Geo., iii,
443; iv, 1 86, 390 «; v, gin,
127 n; Oliver, iv, 309; Rich., v,

146 n

Ormeson, Jno. and Rob., see Wool-

ston ; Thos., see Orme
Ormesson, Alice, iii, 332 n ; Rich.,

iii, 332 n
Ormishaw, Hugh, iv, 198; Rich.,

v, 4, 5 ; Robv v, 301 »
Ormrod, Eliza, v, 238; Pet., v,

237

Ormsdyke, iii, 258 n

Ormshead, iii, 201

Ormskirk, iii, I, 191 «, 222, 238-46,
261, 380 «; iv, 86 «; adv., iii,
243, 250 n ; boro., iii, 262;
chants., iii, 246 ; char., iii, 246-
7«; ch., iii, 30 n, 161 n, 178,
206, 228n-gn, 238, 240-2, 244,
246-7 n, 254, 262, 267 n-8 n, 274,
278 n, 280 n, 303; coal mines,
iii, 240 ; cross, iii, 261-2 ; ind.,
iii, 261-2 ; man., iii, 16572,262-
3 ; mkt. and fairs, iii, 206, 261-
3 n ; Mass House, iii, 264 ; mills,
iii, 264 ; Nonconf., iii, 239, 264 ;
races, iii, 285 ; rectory, iii, 164;*,
243 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 264, 291 ;
schs., iii, 246 ; sts., iii, 261-4 ;
Wheatsheaf Inn, iii, 261

Ormskirk, battle of, iii, 71, 286 ; iv,

337 »
Ormskirk, Alice de, iii, 263 n ;

Beatrice de, iii, 262 n ; Geoff, de,

iii, 263 n ; Hen. de, iii, 262 n ;

Jno. de, iii, 263 n ; Thos. de, iii,

262 n
Ormsson, Rob., iv, 167 n; Will.,

iv, 16772

Ornaments, Rom., iv, 154
Orrell (Makerfield), iv, 57-9 72, 82 n-

3«, 89, 9272, 96; char., iv, 67;

ch., iv, 91 ; Hall, iv, 90 «; man.,

iv, 85 72, 89, 93, 120 n, 133;

Nonconf., iv, 91 ; Rom. Cath.,

iv, 91
Orrell (Sefton), iii, 3472, 70 », 96,

99, i6on

Orrell and Ford, iii, 58, 99

Orrell City, iv, 78

Orrell Hill, iii, 79

Orrell Mount, iv, 89, 91

Orrell Post, iv, 89

Orrell, Ad. de, iii, 99 #, 216 n,
373 »; iv, 8272, 9072, 134 n;
Agnes, v, 27472; Alex., iv, 90;
v, 274 n ; Anne, v, 274 n ; Bryan,
iii, 382; Cecily de, v, i63«;
Chas., iii, 347 «, 381; Eliz., iii,
18072; iv, 90 # ; v, 274; Ellen
(de), iii, 99 n ; iv, 94 n ; v, 274 n ;
Emma de, iii, 99 n ; Fran., v,
274 n ; Geo., v, 274 n ; Hen. (de),
iii, 3972, 99 »; iv, 90 «, 9472,

100, 13472; v, 16372; Hugh, iv,

147 ; Humph., iii, 381 ; Isabel,
v, 27472; Jas., iii, 381-2; v,
274 72, 282 n ; Joan, v, 274 n ; Jno.
(de), iii, 284, 373 72, 382 ; iv, 89,
90 «, 98 72-9 n, 1 33 #-4 n, 13772;
v, 274-572, 279 ; Lewis, iv, 94 »,
101 n ; Marg. (de), iv, 9072, 211 n,
395 ; v, 184 n, 27472; Margery
de, iii, 99 n ; iv, 100 ; Mary, v,
271 72, 274 n ; Nich. de, iv, 82 « ;
Pet., iv, 9072, 122; v, 27472;
Phil., iii, 382 ; Ralph, iv, 90 72,
9972 ; v, 271 n, 274, 279 ; Rich,
de, iii, 39;;, 99 «; iv, 89, 9072,

Orrell (font.)

98, 115 ; v, 274 w, 281-272; Rob.
(de), iv, 89 n, 90 n, 21 in, 395;
v, 274 n \ Rog. de, iv, 90 n;
Thos. (de), iv, 89, 90 72, 94 72 ;
Thurstan. v, 27472 ; Valentine, v,
274 n; Will, (de), iii, 9972, 180,
284 n ; iv, 89 #, 90, 94 72, 98 n-
100, 138 w; v, 14672, 18472,
274-5,278-9; fam., iii, 381; iv,
86 n, 90, 94, 98-9

Orrelt, Will, iii, 426

Orsau, see Orsha w

Orsdesbaw, Rich, de, v, 285 n ; Rog.
de, v, 285 n

Orshaw, iii, 201

Orshaw, Ad. de, iii, 201 n-2 n ; Hen.,
iii, 206 ; Jno. de, iii, 77 n ; Mar-
gery de, iii, 77 »; Maud de, iii,
77 n ; Rich., iii, 206 ; Rob. de,
iii, 76 n, 2oin-2n; Vivian de,
iii, 76 n ; Will, de, iii, 202 n ;
fam., iii, 84 n

Orshawhead, iii, 201

Orthodox or Greek Ch., iii, 45 ; iv,
222

Orton, iii, 1 64 n

Orymeshaw, Rich, de, v, 285 n

Osbaldeston, iii, 70 n

Osbaldeston, Alex., iii, 104 «; iv,
149 n ; v, 24 n; Sir Alex., iii,
34 n ; Anne, iv, 149 n ; Cecily de,
iii, I33«; Edw., iii, 74, 211;
Sir Edw., v, 279 n; Eliz., iii,
74 n ; iv, 149 »; Geoff, (de), iii,
74 n, 133 «, 139 »; iv, 135 »;
Isabel, v, 279 «; Jane, iii, 211;
Jno. (de), iii, 34 n, 74 n, 101,
124 «, 211 ; v, 283 «; Maud, iii,
195, 2ii ; Rich., iii, 34 n ; Thos.
de, iii, 75 n; iv, 115 n ; fam., iii,

74, 93 »

Osbernlea, iv, 89 n
Osbern meadow, iv, io6»
Osbornesclough, v, 187^
Osecroft, iv, 244 n
Oselache, iv, 284 n
Oselfield, iii, 36 n
Oseys, iii, 21 7 n
Osgodby, Will., iii, 418
Oskeley, v, 145 n
Oskell's Brook, iii, 40 », 42 n
Osmotherley, iii, i6o«; man., iii,

162 »
Oswaldtwis(t)le, iii, 260; v, 58 «;

man., v, 13, 59

Oswaldtwistle, Hen. de, v, 58 n
Otegrimele, see Meols
Otford bottom, iv, 341 n
Otteby (Lines.), man., v, 89 «
Otteby, Alice de, v, 89 n ; Sir Ralph

de, v, 89 n

Otterhauxholme, iii, 267 n
Otterspool, iii, 41, 120, 122 n
Otterstyes moss, iii, 268 n
Otway, Eliz., iv, 153 n ; Lady Eliz.,

iii, 430 w; iv, I53»; Sir Jno.,

iv, 153 n

Oulston, man., v, 14 n
Oulton, Jno. de, iii, 335 n ; Maud

de, iii, 335 n
Ousey, Ralph, iv, 346 n
Outlone, iii, 332 n

Outshooting, the, (Ditton), iii, 399 n
Outwood, iv, 242 n ; v, 68, 76, 88,

90 n-2 n ; char., v, 76 n
Over, Hen. de, v, 125
Overfield, the, (Parr), iii, 380 n
Overfields, iv, 131 »; Two Lower,

iv, 131 n

374

Overfields of Milward Croft, iv,

328 n

Overhey, v, 218 n
Overhouse, v, 283 n
Overland, v, 203
Overmost Ditch, iv, 284 »
Oversteads, iv, 339
Overstone, Ld., iv, 274 «
Overton, iii, 251 n
Owen, Chas., iii, 307 ; Edw., iii,

94, 312; Humph., iv, 248 n ; v,

45) 49 »J Joan) "i> 409; Lawr.,
iv, 209 n ; Marg., iv, 85 n ; Mary,
iv, I2O»; Thos., iv, 85, 90,
120 n; Will., iii, 314

Owens, Jno., iv, 184, 186

Owram, North, iv, 278 n; Nonconf.,
v, 266 n

Oxcliff(e), iii, i6o# ; man., iii,

162 n

Oxford, Brasenose Coll., iii, 44,
34i,345*i 349 *, 395 J iv, 329;
v, 41, 269 n ; Corpus Christi
Coll., iv, 239 n; Durham Coll.,
iv, 239 n ; Hulme exhibitions,
iv, 200 n, 329; v, 41 ; Keble
Coll., v, 212; Magdalen Coll.,
iii, 63 n ; Manchester Coll., iii,
307; iv, 250; Oriel Coll., Hi.,
J56, 395 n; Queen's Coll., iv,
64 n; Univ. Coll., iv, 128 n;
Wadham Coll., v, 199^

Oxford, bp. of, Dr. Skinner, iv,
64 n

Oxford, earl of, Hen. de Vere, iii,

163 ; Rob. Vere, iii, 159
Oxhey, iv, 399 n ; Little, iv

399 »

Oxton, iii, 179 n
Oylin's Syke, iii, 209 n

Paddington (Pendleton), iv, 392;

ch., iv, 396
Paddington (Poulton), iii, 328 »,

331 ; soap factory, iii, 331
Padgate, iii, 328 ; ch., iii, 331 ;

Nonconf., iii, 331
Padgate Brook, iii, 316, 328
Padiham, v, Ii8«
Page fields, the, iv, 66 n
Page Moss, iii, 11 «, 15 n, 175
Page, Ad., iv, 3?4«; Eliz., iii,

298 n ; Emma, iii, 96 n, 298 n ;

Humph., iii, 433 ; Jno., iii, 78 n ; iv,

375; Leigh, iii, 433; Nich., iii,

298 n ; Thos. L., iii, 433 ; Will.,

iii, 96 n

Pagefield, iv, 142
Paget, Thos., iv, 258 ; Sir Will., iii,

243, 259
Paggas, v, 283 n

Painter, Edw., iv, 330, see Paynter
Paintings, collections of, iii, 407 n ;

iv, 403

Paladin Croft, iii, 356 n
Palden, Paldenwood, (Ashton), iv,

345

Palden (Oldham), v, 72 n, 102

Paldenley (Paldenlegh), iv, 344 n-
5»

Paley, Rev. Joshua, iv, 66 n

Palin, Mr., iii, 419^

Palmer, Geo., iii, 367 n; Jno., iv,
1 86 n ; Josh., iii, 360 n ; Susan-
nah, iii, 360 n

Paper manuf., iv, 132; v, 34, 39,
129, 136, 255, 260, 263

Paraguay, Jesuit settlements in, iv,
i86»

INDEX

Parbold, iii, 249 n, 267 n ; iv, 97-8,
341 »

Parbold, Eliz., iv, 12072; Joan, iv,
12072; Jno., iv, 101 n, 12072;
Margery, iv, 101 n ; Rich, de, v,
197

Paris, Hen. de, iv, 15772, 164 n;
Jno. de, iii, 262 n ; Margery de,
iii, 262 n; Rob. de, iv, 15 7 72,
16472; Thos. de, iv, 164 n

Park (Ashton), iv, 338 n

Park, the, estate of the Hultons, v,
27

Park (Walmersley), v, 141 ; Non-
conf., v, 143

Park, Rev. Sam., iii, 354 n

Parke, Jno., v, 248 n ; Rob., v, 240,
248 n

Parker, Ann(e), iii, 268, 379 n ; v,
242 n ; Ant., iii, 268 ; Banastre,
i»> 379 «• Dorothy, iv, 349 «;
Eliz., iv, 232, 349 n ; Geo., iv.,
348 n ; Hen., iii, 239 n ; Dr. Jos.,
iv, 254 n ; Jno., iii, 14 n ; v, 267 ;
Marcus A., iii, 128 ; Marg., iii,
1472; iv, 93 n; Matth., see
Canterbury, archbp. of ; Oliver, v,
17872; Rob., iv, 275, 349; R.T.,
iv, 275 ; Susannah, iv, 275 ; Thos.,
iii, 371 ; iv, 98 n ; v, 267 « ; Thos.
T., iv, 275

Parkerfield, iii, 17 in

Parker Pits, iv, 207 n

Parkfield, ch., v, 169

Park Hall, v, 302

Parkington, Edm., iv, 395 »

Parkinson, Jno., v, 279 n ; Ralph,
iii, 445 n; Rich., iv, 19972; v,
212; Rob., iii, 65 ; Rev. Thos.,
v, 66 n

Parks, the, iii, 327

Parkside, iv, 13272

Park Wood, v, 7 n

Parliament Fields, iii, 40

Parogardyne, iii, 327 n

Parpount hey, iv, 148

Parr (Didsbury), iv, 293

Parr (Prescot), iii, 341-2 «, 374-5 n,
377 ; iv, 81 «, 1 19 n, 153 n; char.,
iii, 347 ; chs., iii, 382 ; Hall, iii,
378; iv, 152; Hurst House, iii,
378 n; man., iii, 34872, 377; iv,

I 52-3 «

Parr Bridge, iii, 439 n

Parr Fold, iv, 376

Parr Stocks, iii, 377

Parr, Kath., Queen, iii, 379

Parr, Ad. de, iii, 379, 381 ; Agnes
de, iii, 358 n, 366 n, 378 n, 380;
Alan de, iii, 359 72, 377-9; Alice
de, iii, 211, 379-81 72, 383 n, 400 n ;
iv, 80 n, 11972; Ann(e), iii, 425,
441, 443, 449; iv, 388; Avice,
iii, 380 n; Bryan, iii, 378-9, 381 ;
Cecily de, iii, 263 72, 380 « ; Chas.,
iii, 38172; Christiana de, iii,
379 n ; Constance, iii, 380 n ;
Edm., iii, 383 « ; Edw., iii, 383 ;
iv, 87, 13472 ; Elias de, iii, 380 n;
Eliz., iii, 37872 ; iv, 388 n ; Ellen de,
iii, 335 n, 378-80; iv, 388; Emma,
iii, 378 n ; iv, 388 ; Emotte, iii,
443 ; Geoff, de, iii, 377 n ; Gilb. (de),
iii, 381 72 ; iv, 383 n ; Grace, iii,
381; Hen. de, iii, 263 n, 361 n,
377-8 1 n; iv, 152; see also
Halsall ; Hugh, iii, 1 5 1 n ; iv,
388 n; v, 41 n; Jas., iii, 425;
Jane, v, 91 n ; Jenkin, iii, 383 ;
Joan de, iii, 380 « ; Jno. (de), iii,

Parr (cent.}

3ii> 335 «> 359 «> 367 «, 378-8i,
383 72, 393 72, 400 72, 425, 441, 443 ;
iy> 373^5 388; v, 41 «; Sir Jno.
de, iii, 377 n; Jno. C., iii, 331 ;
Kath. de, iii, 203 «, 378 n, 380 n-
i n, 383 n ; Lawr. de, iii, 379 ;
Lucy de, iv, 152; Marg. (de), iii,
35972, 37872,381 »; iv, 152, 38872;
Matth. de, iii, 381 n ; Maud
de, iii, 381 n ; Nich. de, iii,
2O3 n) 378 n, 380-1 n ; Oliver
(de), iii, 443; iv, 379 n, 388;
Pet., iii, 425, 441 ; iv, 86 ;
Ralph (de), iii, 203 «, 38072-1 n;
Reynold, iii, 380 n ; Rich, (de),
iii, 366 n, 373 n, 377-81, 383 n;
iv, 388 ; v, 72 ; Rob. de, iii, 31 «,
63 n, 193-4, 20372, 26372, 359 n,
361 n, 377-81 n, 383; Rog., iii,
381 n ; Sibyl de, iii, 381 n; Sim.
de, iii, 379; Thos. (de), iii, 331,
358 n, 375 n, 378; iv, 152; v,
98 n; Sir Thos., iii, 379, 381;
Thos. P., iii, 331 ; Thomasine,
iii, 31 72 ; Thurstan (de), iii, 380 n-
in; iv, 388 n ; Will, (de), iii,

377»-9«, 38i«, 383* 393J iv,
11972; see also Northampton,
mqs. of ; Sir Will., iii, 379 ; fam.,
iii, 193 72, 361, 373, 378 n

Parrott, Sir Jno., iii, 214

Parrpoint, Alice, iii, 247 n

Parr Round Field, iv, 364

Parry, Mary C., iv, 105 n ; Thos.,
v, 234

Parsnip Yard, iv, 60 n

Parsonage Farm, see Kirk Hall

Parsonfold, iii, 36 n

Parsons, Isabella, v, 224 ; Sir Will.,
v, 224

Parson's Heys, iii, 293 n

Parson's Meadow, iv, 60 n

Parsyvall, Will., v, 239

Part, Rallyn, iii, 15072; Will., iii,
10872, 346 n

Partejno., iii, 393 n ; Thos., iii, 393 n

Partington, Giles, v, 55 n ; Jas., v,
55 n ; Jno., iv, 202 ; v, 55 72, 138 ;
Ralph, iv, 209 n ; v, 55 n ; Will.,

v, 55 »

Passhe, Thos., iii, 4197*
Passionists (rel. order), iii, 362
Passmich, Margot, iii, 181 n ; Will.,

iii, 181 «

Pastures (Oldham), Nonconf.;, v, 107
Patch Ings, iv, 364
Patrick the Smith, iii, 381 n
Patrick, Thos., iii, 413 n
Patricroft, iv, 363-4, 369; ch., iv,

375 ; Nonconf., iv, 375
Patten, Dorothea, iii, 233, 407 ;

Eliz., iii, 167, 279 ; Hon. Eliz.

W., iii, 316 n; Jno., iii, 321 72;

Jno. W., see Winmarleigh, Ld. ;

Mary, iii, 321 72 ; Pet., see Bold ;

Rich., iii, 321 n; Thos., iii, 233,

279, 321 72, 338, 407; iv, 23, 186;

Will., iii, 321 n ; fam., iii, 321
Patterson, Hen. S., v, 4
Pauletts, v, IOO72
Paulton, Abra. W., v, 237
Paveley, Rich., iii, 118
Pavement, I4th(?) cent., iii, 314;

Rom., iv, 265
Pawlet, Thos., iii, 8
Payn, Agnes, iii, 321 n; Amabil, iv,

71 72 ; Marg., iv, 330 72 ; Rog., iii,

321 n ; iv, 33072 ; Sim., iv, 71 » ;

Thos., iii, 321 n ; Will, iii, 321 n

375

Payns field, iii, 322 «

Paynter, Dav. W., iv, 186, see Pain-
ter

Payrehalghus, v, 96 n

Paytson, Thos., iii, 267 n

Payvant, Will., iv, 133 n

Peacote, v, 102

Peake, Isabel, iv, 277 n; Jno., iv,
277 #, 390 «; Nich., iv, 277 n

Pearman, Will., iv, 186

Pearse, Jno., see Peers

Pearshall, — , iv, 59

Pearson, Alice, v, 21972; Hen., see
Mileson ; Jas., iii, 225 ; Jno., iii,
1 02 ; see also Chester, bp. of;
Rob., v, 221 ; see also Suffolk,
archd. of; Rev. Thos., iv, 47 72;
Will., v, 21972

Peasants' Revolt, iv, 8

Peascroft (Huyton), iii, 161 n

Peasecroft (Middleton), iv, 16772

Peasfurlong, iv, 156; v, 58 ; man.,
iv, 159-61

Peasfurlong, Ad. de, iv, 156, 159;
see also Hindley ; Eliz. de, iv,
156, 159; see a Iso Hindley ; Jno.
de, iv, 159 «; Thos. de, iv, 159 72 ;
see also Pesforlong

Peasley Cross, iii, 355, 375 ; Non-
conf., iii, 362 ; Rom. Cath., iii,
362

Peck, v, 40 n

Pecket, Nich., iii, 389 n

Peckham, Jno. de, see Canterbury,
archbp. of

Pecopp, Jas., v, 151 n\ Jno., v,
151 72; Pet., v, 15 1 n

Peddie croft, iv, 281 n

Pedkesdene, v, 17772

Pedley, Jas., iv, 396 n

Pedley's Place, see Hulme Hall

Peel, the, (Childwall), iii, 145 n

Peel (Cheetham), iv, 259

Peel, the, (Gt. Sankey), iii, 410

Peel (Heaton Norris), iv, 323

Peel (Hulton), v, 26, 30, 35 n ;
chap., v, 3172, 34; Hall, v, 31 ;
see also Kenyon Peel Hall

Peel, the, (Maghull), iii, 220

Peel, the, (Pennington), see Urmstons
in the Meadows

Peel, the, (Tottington), v, 145 n

Peel Croft, iv, 16772

Peel Green, iv, 363 ; char., iv, 363 n

Peel Hall (Leigh), iii, 447

Peel House, the, (Widnes), iii, 388

Peel Park, Salford, iv, 204-5, 2°8,
217

Peel, — , iii, 212, 337 ; Alan del,
iii, 220« ; Rob., v, 135 ; Sir Rob.,
iv, 20472, 223, 371 ; v, 128, 135,
143 ; fam., iv, 7672

Peelfield, the, (Childwall), iii, 145 72

Peers, Jno., iii, 337 n

Pekko, Rob. de, iii, 83 72

Pele, iii, 21772

Pemberton, iii, 21272; iv, 57-9 72,
68 72, 74, 78, 81 72, 88 72, 100-
i», 10372, 11972, 16272, 312,
384 72 ; char., iv, 66-7 72 ; chs., iv,
83; lib., iv, 79; man., iv, 79,
8172, 133; mines, iv, 79; Non-
conf., iv, 83 ; pk., iv, 79 ; rds., iv,

79 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 83 ; schs., iv,
6672

Pemberton, Ad. de, iii, 372 72 ; iv,
79, 80, 82 72, 101 72 ; Agnes de, iv,

80 72 ; Alan de, iii, 372 n ; iv, 79 ;
see also Styward, and Windle ;
Alice (de), iii, 150, 352 72, 430 ; iv,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Pemberton (cont.)

80 «, 82 n; Aynhou(?) de, iv,
8 1 n ; Beatrice, iv, 82 n ; Douce
de, iv, 82 n ; Edm. de, iv, 80 n ;
Edw., iii, 308; Eleanor de, iv,
80; Eliz. (de), iii, 129, 352 n; iv,
82 n; Ellen (de), iii, 381 n; iv,
8 1 n-2 n ; Emma de, iv, 80 ; Geo.,
iii, 352 «, 356 », 359, 361 », 430,
432; iv, 8i-2»; Hawise de, iv,
80 n ; Hen. (de), iii, 1 50 ; iv, 80-
i n ; Hugh (de), iii, 1 56, 359, 430 ;
iv, 80 «, 82 «; Isabel, iii, 352 »;
Jas. (de), iii, 351^-2, 359, 393,
432; iv, 8o«-i «; Joan de, iv,
8o#; Jno. (de), iii, 150, 351 «,
359 ; iy, 79 n> 8° n, 82 n ; Kath.
(de), iii, 352 «, 359 n; iv, 80 ;
Lawr. de, iv, 80 n ; Sir Lewis, iii,
327 n ; Marg. (de), iii, 352 «, 359 ;
iv, 82 n ; Margery, iii, 150 ; Mary
de, iv, 80 n ; Pet. de, iv, 80 n ;
Ralph, iv, 82 n ; Rich, (de), iii,
129, 147 «, 359, 38i«, 430; iv,
82; Rob., iii, 150; iv, 82 »;
Thos. de, iv, 80 n, 82 n ; see also
Kingsdown, Baron ; Thurstan
(de), iii, 430 ; iv, 80, 82 n ; Will,
de, iii, 150, 359; iv, 7gn-8zn,
107 n; fam., iii, 351, 430; iv,
122 »

Pencebech, Gervase de, iii, 79

Pendlebury, iv, 206 «, 352, 358 n,
364, 376, 392 n, 396 «-7; char.,
iv, 362 #-3 n ; chs., iv, 404 ; man.,
iv, 327 n, 397; v, 77-8 n ; Non-
conf., iv, 392 », 404

Pendlebury, Ad. (de), iv, 371 n, 374 n,
395 », 397, 404 ; v, 23 n ; Alice
(Avice) de, iv, 374 n, 398 n ; v,
12 n, 248 n ; Amabel de, iv, 397 ;
Amice de, iv, 92 n ; Anne, v, 23 n ;
Beatrice de, iv, 374 «, 397-8 n ;
v, 261 n; Cecily de, iv, 357 n;
Dav., iv, 146^ ; Ellis de, iv,
I73«, 292 «, 374, 394,397,403;
v, 19 n, 21 n, 23 n ; Hen. (de), iv,
404; v, 8, 23 «, 143 «, 148-9,
i6o«; Jas., v, 4; Joan de, v,
23 n ; Lawr., iv, 146 n; v,2$n;
Lettice de, iv, 397 ; v, 261 n ;
Marg. de, iv, 371 n; Margery de,
v, 19 « ; Maud de, iv, 374 «, 397 ;
v, 261 n ; Nich., v, 23 n ; Ralph,
v, 299 n ; Sir Ralph, iv, 203 ;
Rich, de, iv, 404 ; Rob. (de), iv,
146 «, I73«, 292 «, 397, 404; v,
21 «, 23 »; Rog. de, iv, 292 «,
357 », 365 n, 374, 397; v, ion,
12, 20-1 n, 23 n; Thos. (de), iv,
92 #, 397 n; v, 21 «, 239; Will.
de, iv, 374, 397-8 n; v, ion, 12,
23 #, 248 n, 261 n ; fam., v, 20,

23

Pendleton, iv, 208, 352, 358 n, 362 «,
364, 392-4, 397 «; v, 26; chap.,
iv, 396 ; char., iv, 362 n ; chs.,

jv» 36l> 396 5 ind-, iv, 392 J man->
iv, 218, 393 ; New Hall, iv, 395 n-
6n; Nonconf., iv, 216, 250, 396;
Old Hall, iv, 395 #-6 »; pk., iv,
392 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 396

Pendleton hey, iv, 390 n

Pendleton, Ad. (de), iv, 206 «, 209 «,
264 « ; Alice, iv, 244 n ; Anne, iv,
244 n; Cecily, iv, 200 «, 244 n;
Edw., iv, 1987*, 200 n, 207 «,
244 », 359, 361 ; Eliz., iv, 244 n;
Ellen, iv, 209 «, 244 n ; Fran., iv,
200 n, 244 n, 246 n ; Geo., iv,

Pendleton (cont.)

209 «, 244 «, 256 ; Hen., iv, 244 «,
359 n ; Isabel, iv, 209 #; Jas., iv,
208 «, 263 n ; Jno., iv, 256 ;
Marg., iv, 209 n, 244 n ; Rich., iv,
396 ; Rob., iv, 207 «, 209 n ;
Sarah, iv, 244 n ; Thos., iv, 244 n ;
fam., iv, 190, 209 n, 243

Penerith, Joan de, iii, 205 ; Owen
de, iii, 205

Penhilshawsyke, v, 230 n

Penhryn, see Penrhyn

Peniston, Ad. de, v, 145 n ; Hele-
wise de, v, 145 n ; Will, de, v,
145 n ; Will. H., v, 145 n

Penkesden, v, 177 n; brook, v,
178*

Penketh, iii, 2, 341, 409-10; iv,
113 «, 155 «, 162 ; char., iii, 348 ;
Hall, iii, 413 n; man., iii, 411;
Nonconf., iii, 413 ; schs., iii, 413

Penketh, Ad. de, iii, 411 »; Agnes
de. iii, 41 1 «-i2 n ; iv, 164 n ; Alan
de, iii, 408 n ; iv, 138 n; Alice de,
iii, 411 n-i 3 « ; Amice de, v, 301 n;
Cecily de, iii, 41 1 n ; Christiana
de, iii, 411 n; Eliz., iii, 413 «;
Ellen de, iv, 162 n ; Gilb. de, iii,
411-12 n; Giles de, iv, 162 »,
164 n; Godith de,iii, 41 1 n ; Ham-
let (Hamon) de, iii, 412 n; Hen.
de, iii, 407 «, 41 1, 41 3 n ; Hugh
de, iii, 411 n; iv, 167^; Joan
(de), iii, 41 1 «, 413 n ; Jno. (de),
iii, 4ii«-i3«, 435 «; iv, 165;
Jordan de, iii, 357 «, 412 ; Marg.
de, iii, 357 «, 4io«-i2 ; Nich., iii,
407; Rich, (de), iii, 311, 410 n-
13 »; Rob. de, iii, 411-12; Rog.,
iii, 412; Thos., iii, 4i2n-i$n;
Thurstan de, iv, 162 n ; Will, de,
iii, 411 #-13 n ; iv, 155 n ; v,
301 n

Penkethman, Anne, iii, 323 n ; Rich.,
iii, 323 n ; iv, 361 n

Penmark, Hen. de, iv, 151 n

Pennant, Edw., iv, 109 n ; Geo., iv,
109 «; Thos., iii, 66

Pennington (Leigh), iii,4i4-i6«, 421,
426, 429, 448; iv, I70«, 275 »;
char., iii, 421, 430 ; ch., iii, 430 ;
Hall, iii, 414^,429; man., iii,
318 «, 424, 427; Nonconf., iii,
421 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 430

Pennington (Upholland), iii, 257

Pennington Brook, iii, 414, 421,426,

431, 445

Pennington Green, iv, 118, 121

Pennington Moss, iii, 427

Pennington, Ad. (de), iii, 427-8,
430 ; iv, 92 n ; Anne, iv, 78 n ;
Cecily de, iii, 173 ; Dav. (de), iii,
425 «, 436 n ; iv, 76 n ; Joan (de),
iii, 427, 430 ; Jno. (de), iii, 173 » ;
iv, I05«; Lawr., iv, I3O«; Mar-
gery de, iii, 427 ; iv, 76 « ; Nich.,
iii, 436 n ; iv, 105 n ; Philippa, iv,
66 n ; Ralph de, v, 288 n ; Rich,
(de), iii, 173, 427-8, 43* « ; iv,
105, 205 n, 209 n ; Rob., iv, 105 «,
I2i«-2w; Rog. de, iv, 152^;
Will., iv, 165 ; fam., iv, 76 n, 121

Penny, Jno., iv, 350

Pennybutts, iv, 148

Penny Lane Croft, iii, 181

Penny Meadow, iv, 207 n

Penny Plock, the, iii, 322 n

Penrhyn, Oswald H. L., iii, 155 ; iv,
129

Penrith, Thos. de, iii, 27 n

376

Penswick, Dr. Thos., iii, 376 n; iv,
148

Pentrith, Penreth, Margery de, iii,
87 n, 93 n ; Thos. de, iii, 87 «, 93 «

Penwortham, barony and Idshp., iii,
35-6 «, 39 «, 227, 230, 237 j bar-
ons and Ids. of, iii, 35-6, 237 ; iv,
171, 340 ; see also Bussel

Penwortham, prior of, iii, 227

Penwortham, Agnes de, iii, 369 n ;
Phil, de, iii, 369 n ; Rich, de, iii,
263 n

Peploe, Dorothy, iii, 107 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 280 n ; Rob., iii, 386 ; Sam.,
see Chester, bp. of ; fam., v, 265

Peppard, Col., iii, 90 n ; Frances,
iii, 90 j Hen., iii, 90, 397 ; iv, 51 ;
Thos., iii, 90 «

Pepper Alley, iv, 1 33

Pepperfield, the, (Sefton), iii, 67 «, 72

Percival, Percivall, Perceval, Edw.,
iv, 337 n; Hon. Edw. iv, 257 «;
Jane, v, 86 n, ii3#; Jno., iii,
H3«, 130; K(C)ath., v, 99 «,
II3«; Marg., iv, II3#; Rich.,
iii, 104, 130; iv, 178 «, 292 n;
v, 1 12-13 #, IJ9 ; Sarah, iv, 257 «;
Thos., iii, 130, 307 ; iv, 201, 262 #,
264; v, 86 n, 98 », 112-13, U5»,
119; Thurstan, iii, 418 ; v, 159 n
-60 n ; Will., v, 113 n ; fam., iv,
242 n

Percy, Hen., see Northumberland,
earl of ; Pet. de, iii, 334 n ; fam.,
iii, 159; iv, ii

Pcrlebam, Joan, iv, 121 n; Jno., iv,
121 n; Kath., iv, 121 n; Marg.,
iv, 121 n

Perpoint, Ad. de, iv, 102 n; Godith
de, iv, 102 #; Hen., iv, 157 n;
Jno. (le), iii, 380 n; iv, I38#;
Rich, (de or le), iv, 102 ; Rob. de,
iv, 1 02 n ; Thos. de, iv, 102 ; v,
3«; Will., iv., I57»; see a I so
Pierpoint

Perpount Field, iii, 363 «

Perry-Gore, Geo., v, 106

Persival, Hamlet, iii, 340 n

Perth, dk. of, iv, 293 n

Pesehey ditch, iii, 209 »

Pesforlonc, Orm de, iii, 332 n ; Rob.
de, iii, 332 n ; see also Peasfur-
long

Petekesdene, v, I74«

Peter, the Chaplain, v, 124; the
Smith, iii, 35 8 «

Peterloo massacre, iv, 184, 333 n\
v, 93, 121, 199 n

Petit, Rev. Jno. L., iv, 340

Peto and Betts (rly. contractors), v,
167

Petre, Fr. Rob., iii, 435 n

Petto, Will., v, 62 n

Peverel, Marg., v, 300 n \ Will., v,
299, 300 n

Peverelsgate, Peveril's Gate, iv,
377 «, 388 n

Pewe hey with Chitfold, iii, 267 ;/

Pewe meadow, iii, 267 n

Pexhill, iii, 392 ; mill, iii, 393

Pexhill, Jno. de, iii, 393 n

Peyc, Thos. R. del, iii, 132^

Peys Croft, iii, 331

Philip, Sir Will., v, 22 n

Philips, Alice, iv, 395 n ; Sir Geo.,
v, 79 ; Herb., iv, 186 ; Mark, iv,
235 n J v, 91 # ; Nath. G., iv,
186; Rob., iv, 395 n ; v, 91;
Rob. N., v, 91 n ; Thos., v, 79

Philip's Cross, iii, 393 n

INDEX

Philips Park (Bradford), iv, 274

Philips Park (Pilkington), v, 91

Phillip, Thos., iv, 237 n

Phillipps, Sir Thos., iv, 186

Phillips, Fabian, iv, 337 n ; Fran.,
iv, 358 «; Fred., iv, 358«; Sus-
anna, iv, 358 n

Philpot, Geo., iv, 279

Phipps, Chris., iii, 409 n ; Constan-
tine C. H., see Normanby, mqss.
of

Piccope, Geo. J., iv, 187

Pick, — , iii, 219/2

Pickering, — , iii, 55 ; Sir Edw., iv,
380 n ; v, 38 n ; Hen., iii, 334 ;
Joan, iv, 380 n; Rich., iv, 136 n;
Will, iv, 380 n

Pickford, Jos., see RadclifFe, Sir Jos.;
Priscilla, iv, 35 1 n ; Will. P., v,
113; fam., iv, 346

Pickles, the, (Dalton), iii, 248 »

Pickles, Dan., see Pighells

Pickup, Lawr., iii, 1 1 n

Picton, Sir Jas., iii, 1 1 1

Pierce, — , iv, 147

Pierpoint, Alice de, v, 296 ; Almar-
ica de, v, 6 n ; Ameria de, v,
296; Anne, iv, 150/2; Clemency
le, iv, 150/2 ; Edw., iii, 391 ; Eliz.,
iv, 150 n ; Hen., iv, 150; Jno. le,
iv, 134/2, 150/2; Margery de, v,
296 ; Nathan, v, 9, 303 ; Rich,
(le or de), iv, 134 #, 149 «, 150;
v, 6 «, 1 83 #, 296 ; Rob. le, iv,
150 n; Sim. le, iv, 150 n ; Thos.
de, v, 6», 296; Will, le, iv, 150/2;
fam., iv, 134, 150, see Perpoint

Pighells, Dan., iv, 322 ; v, 233

Pighill (Oldham), v, 99 «, 104 «

Pighills (Hundersfield), v, 230 n

Pighills Brook, iii, 403 n

Pighull (Warrington), iii, 305 »

Pigin, Will., iii, 298 »

Pigot, Edw., iv, 147 ; Eliz., iv,
268 n ; Fran., v, 159 ; Geo., iv,
268 n ; Hen., v, 189, 198 ; Hen. S.,
v, 9 ; Thos., iii, 376; iv, 268 n

Pigott, Geo., iii, 274

Pigsden, v, 142 «

Pigslee Brook, v, 141

Pike, the, or Peak, v, 286

Pike House, v, 227

Pikiswode, iii, 327

Pilatecroft, Pilotcroft, (Ormskirk),
iii, 249 «, 254 n

Pilats croft (Aspull), iv, ngn

Pilgrimage of Grace, iii, 70 « ; iv,
144 n; v, 264 n

Pilgrim's Cross, see Whowell Cross

Pilkington, iii, 160/2; iv, 231/2; v,
56, 65/2, 67-8, 71 n, 88, 91;
char., v, 76 ; ch., v, 91 ; Hall, v,
88; man., iii, 164/2; iv, 230/2,
261 n, 266, 289 n ; v, 88, 131 «;
Nonconf., v, 92 ; Pk., v, 91 n;
rds., v, 88

Pilkington, Ad. (de), iv, 209 «-io,
374 «> 397 5 v, 89 n, 97 n, 260 n,
268 n ; Alex, de, iii, 427 ; iv,
206 n, 260/2, 397; v, 65, 89,
102/2,287-9/2,291/2; Alice de,
iv, 260; v, 89, 90, 109/2,130,
143/2,287-90/2; Ann, v, 290/2;
Arth., v, 279; Christiana, v,
230 n ; Clemence, v, 288 n ; Col.,
iii, 382 ; Edm. (de), iii, 424 ;
iv, 209 « ; v, 90, 183 n ; Edw., iii,
189, 225; iv, 209 n; v, 243 n ;
Eliz., iii, 424, 436; v, 289 n;
Ellen de, iv, 207 n; v, 287;

Pilkington (cont.)

Ewan de, v, 288 n ; Fran., v,
289/2; Geo., iv, 204; v, 125,
289-90 n ; Sir Geo., iii, 234 n;
Hen. de, iv, 206 n ; v, 89 n, 90 #,
287 ; Imania de, v, 288 » ; Isabel
de, v, 90/2; Jas., iv, 131 n;
v, 290 n ; see also Durham,
bp. of; Joan (de), iii, 427, 430;
iv, 207 n-8 n ; v, 289 ; Jno. de,
iii, 424; v, 72 n, 125, 183/2,

287 «-g n ; Sir Jno. (de), iv, 260 «;
v, 90-1 #, 130/2-1 «, 209 «, 288 ;
Kath. (de), v, 180/2, 288, 290 n ;
Lau(w)r., v, 66 n, 289 n ; Leon., v,
289 n ; Marg. (de), iii, 424 ; iv,
209 n ; v, 89 «, 90, 130 /z, 288 n-g,
293 n ; Margery de, v, 163/2, 186,

288 ; Maud de, iv, 374 «, 397 ;
Nich., iv, 209 n ; Ralph (de), v,
288-9, 29I n~2 n '* Rich, (de), iii,
130/2, 427, 430; iv, 137/2, 207 n,
209 n ; v, 5 n, 72, 89 «, 102, 165 «,
180/2, 183/2, 186, 287-91 #,293;
Rob. (de), iii, 7 « ; v, 90 n, 125 «,
165 n, 180 n, 264 n, 288-90, 292 ;
Rog. de, iii, 424 ; iv, 259/2-60 n,
326 n ; v, 72 n, 89, 90 n, 101 n-2 n,
108/2-9/2, 130, 176/2, 1 86, 209/2,
260 «, 286, 288 n ; Sir Rog. de,
iv, 24 1 n, 260 n ; v, 72 «, 90,
124 «, 163 «, 1 86 ; Thos. (de), iv,
206/2, 209/2; v, 65 «, 131/2,184,
218/2; Sir Thos., iii, 160; iv,
260/2; v, 90, 130; Will, (de), iii,
356 ; iv, 77, 209 «, 260 « ; v, 89,
165 n, 287-8 n ; Will. L., iii, 356 ;
fam., iv, 209 «, 259 ; v, 67, 88-
9/2, 123, 128, 287, 293

Pillingworth fields, iv, 255
Pillocroft, iv, 148
Pillough, iii, 406 «
Pilly Toft, iv, 66 n
Pilotcroft, see Pilatecroft
Pilothalgh, Hen. de, iii, 407 n;

Maud de, iii, 393 n ; Rich, de, iii,

393 » J Will, de, iii, 407 n
Pilsworth, v, 88, 129/2, 139, 151,

159, 163/2, 166 n, 169; char., v.,

i6o#-i n ; man., v, 170; rds., v,

169
Pilsworth, Jno., iv, 361 ; Pet. de, v,

170/2

Pimbley, Benj., iii, 192 n
Pimbo, iv, 91, 94
Pimhole, v, 128
Pimley, Eliz., iii, 219 ; Hen., iii,

219

Pincerna, fam., iii, 318
Pincock, Jno., v, 13 »
Pingle (Harpurhey), iv, 270 n
Pingle (Heap), v, 1387*
Pingot, iii, ion
Pingot, Little, iv, 274 n
Pingotts (Ashton), iv, 145 n
Pinkbank Lane, iv, 309
Pinklowe, Rob., iv, 5
Pinkney, Chas., v, 66
Pinniger, Jas. W., v, in
Pinnington, see Pennington
Pinninton, Will, de, iii, 424 n
Piper(s)field (Newton), iv, 135, 139 n
Pipers Field (Barton), iv, 364
Pippard, see Peppard
Pippintree, v, 79 n
Piracy, iv, 14, 16, 18
Pirle, the, iv, 207 n
Pirlewallgate, iv, 244 n
Pirwall, the, iii, 349 «
Pitcairn, Jas. P., iv, 361

377

Pitses, iv, 340

Pits o' th' Moor, v, 128

Pitt, Will., iii, 67 n

Place, Eliz., iv, 204 n

Plague, the, iii, 262; iv, 16, 18, 23,.
43,69, 162, 174, 241/2, 296; vr
235, 245 > see also Black Death

Plank Lane, iv, 1 1 1

Plant, Eliz., v, 124 ; Will., v, in n

Plat, Cecily del, iii, 282 n ; Jno. del,
iii, 99 n ; Madoc del, iii, 282 n ;
Matth. del, iii, 99 n ; Rog., v, 52 n

Plate and plate marks, iii, 40 », 62,
243, 3°9, 415 J iv, 59, 125, 192,
247, 348, 357 5 v, 3, 64, 104, 196,
238, 293

Plate glass works, iii, 355

Plat Lache, iii, 380 n

Platt, iv, 303 ; Hall, iv, 305 ; Non-
conf., iv, 304 «, 309

Platt Bridge, iv, 101, 106 ; ch., iv,
1 10 ; Nonconf., iv, 1 10

Platt End, the, iii, 414 n

Platt Fields, iv, 303

Platt meadow, iii, 296/2

Platt, Agnes de, iv, 304 n ; Alona
del, iv, 304 n ; Cecily del, iv, (
304 n ; Constance del, iv, 304 n ; »
Dan., iii, 324 n ; Edith del, ivr
304 n ; Edm., iv, 304 n ; Ellen
del, iv, 303 n-4 n, 306 n ; Geoff,
de, iv, 304 n ; Hen. del, iv, 303 «-
4« ; Jas., v, 280; Joan (del), iv,
303«-4«; Jno., iii, 381 n ; iv,
304 n ; v, 102 n ; Kath. del, iv,.
304 n ; Marg. del, iv, 304 n ;
Nich., iv, 304 n ; Ralph, iii, 247 nr
382 « ; Rob. del, iv, 303 «-6 n ;
Rog. (del), iv, 144 «, 303 n-4 n \.
Will, (del), iv, 113 «, 304 n

Pleasington, iv, 312 n ; v, 180, 279 n

Pleasington, Thos., iv, I2O»

Plessy (Essex), iii, 159 n

Flocks, iii, 389

Plodder Lane, v, 34

Plomb(e),Thos., iii, 107 »-8 «, 129 «;
Wilkin, iii, 125

Plow, Ant. J., v, 233

Plowden, Fran., iii, 337 n ; see also
Bryan ; Mary, iii, 337 n-8

Plumb(e), Eliz., iii, 295 ; Jane, iii,
225 n ; Jno., iii, I2«, 191 «, 253 «,
290, 294, 299 ; Sarah, iii, 295 ;
Thos., iii, 103 «, 286, 290, 295 ;
Will., iii, 290, 295 ; fam., iii, 140

Plumpton, iii, i6o«

Plumpton, Ad. de, iv, 107 ; Jno., vr
g8n, iogn; Sam., iii, 21 n

Plunter furlong, iii, 399 n

Plymouth Brethren, iii, 236

Pocket (Gt. Bolton), v, 243

Pocket Nook (Kenyon), iv, 154

Pocket Nook (Parr), iii, 377

Pocklington, Jos. N., iv, 216

Podmore, iv, 143 n

Poghden, mill, iii, 35 8 n

Poghden Bank, iii, 358/2

Poghden Brook, iii, 358/2

Poghden, Pokeden, Rog. de, iii, io6r
134 n

Poghton, Rich., iii, 150/2

Poitou, Count Rog. of, iii, I, 2, 6,
13, 20, 23, 42, 49, 62 «, 67, 79 «,
104, 109, 121, 141, 328, 332; iv,
125, 133/2, 141, 171, 340

Pokeden, see Poghden

Polden, see Palden

Pole, Chas., iii, 181 ; Randle, iii,
314/2; iv, 127/2; Sir Will., iv,.
127/2

48

Polefield, v, 76, 79 ; Hall, v, 75 n,

79 ; House, v, 79 «
Pole hey, iii, 267 n
Pollett, Pollitt, Jno., iv, 301 « ; v,

101 n, 148, 221 »
Pollock, Will., iii, 376
Pomona Gardens, iv, 329
Pontefract, prior of, iv, 361 n
Pontefract, Hen. de, iv, 398 ; Rich.

de, iv, 398 ; Rob. de, iv, 398 n ;

v, 248 n ; Thos. de, iv, 398 n
Pool, Hen. de, iii, 231 ; Sam., iv,

161 #, 164
Poole, Anne, iii, 385 n ; Cudworth,

iv, S^p, 372 n } Dav., iv, 55 ;

Edw., iv, 360 #, 372 n ; Sir Jas.,

iii, 385 n ; Jno., iii, 49, 104 ; iv,

158 «; Mary, iv, 372 n ; Maud, iv,

ijSw; Rob. atte, iii, 179; Will.,

iii, 327 ; fam., iv, 372
Poolers Meadow, iii, 209
Pooley, Cecily, iii, 212 n ; Jno., Hi,

211 n-\2 n; Ralph, iii, 31 n; Rich.,

iii, 212 n; Rob., iii, 183
Pool Fold, iv, 245 n
Pool Hall, iii, 16
Pool Moss, iv, 366 n
Poolstock, iv, 66 #, 68 ; ch., iv, 77
Poor's land, iii, 247 n
Poos, iv, 364

Pope, Rev. Jno., iv, 25 8 n
Popethorne, see Poppy thorn
Popplewell, Jno., v, 242-3, 253 n
Poppythorn, v, 76, 79, 121 n
Port, Sir Jno., iii, 373 n; iv, 144;

Margery, iii, 373 n; iv, I44»;

Rob., iii, 44

Porte, Jno., see Upholland, priors
Porteous, Beilby, see Chester, bp. of
Porter, — , v, 75 n ; Alice, iii, 93 n ;

Hen., iii, 59 n ; Margery, iii, 93 n;

Thos., iv, 204
Porter's meadow, iii, 247 n
Porterstacke, the, iii, 145 n
Portico (Eccleston), iii, 362
Port Louis, Mich. A. Hankinson,

bp. of, iii, 307

Portsmouth, dchss. of, iv, 262 n
Portway fields, iii, 150
Post, Emmota, iv, i66n; Gilb., iv,

i66n; Rich., iv, i66«-7» ; Rob.,

iv, i66# ; Will., iv, i66#
Postance, Canon Hen., iii, 41
Postlethwaite, Jno., iv, 347
Poston, — , v, 234
Potatoes, introduction into England,

iii, 45 n
Potter, Alex., v, 105 «, 116, 120;

Jno. G., v, 30 »; Olive, iii, 361 n',

Rich., iv, 186; Susan, v, 120;

Thos., iv, 147 n, 165; Thos. B.,

iv, 187 ; Mrs. Will., iii, 301 ; fam.,

iv, 76 n

Potter's Hey, iii, 293 n
Potteries, iii, 41, 353; iv, 30, 32,

279

Pottery, Samian, iii, 198
Pott Shrigley, iv, 201 n
Poulton, iii, 328, 330, 336 n ; iv,

I29«, I42«, i69«, 272 n; char.,

Hi, 316; man., iii, 328, 332; iv,

133
Poulton-with-Fearnhead, iii, 304,

328 ; schs., iii, 328
Pouston, Jno., iv, 243 n ; Margery,

iv, 243 n
Powell, Rev. Benj., iv, 77 n ; Edm.,

iii, 208; Sir Fran. S., iv, 77 »;

Hen., v, 240 ; Capt. Hen. F., v,

135 ; Rich., v, 134

Powmfret, Jas., iii, 424 n

Powys, Henrietta M., see Lilford,
baroness ; Hon. Horatio, see
Sodor and Man, bp. ; Jno., see
Lilford, baron ; Thos., see Lilford,
baron ; Will. Ld., iii, 71 n

Poyde, Avice, iii, 170^; Will., iii,
170 «

Poynting, Rev. Thos. E., iv, 376 n

Praty, Rich., see Chichester, bp. of

Preesall, v, 134^

Prehistoric remains, v, 188 ; ceme-
tery, iii, in

Premonstratensian canons, iv, 273

Prentice, Arch., iv, 184^

Presbyterian Ch. of Eng., iii, 19,
22, 28, 95, 98, 324, 376 ; iv, 49,
216, 222, 250, 254, 262, 279, 293,
297, 302, 326, 375, 396; v, 34,
107, 149, 250

Presbyterians, iii, 34, 40, 44, 128,
156, 168, 236, 264, 306, 375, 386,
421, 438-9; iv, 48-9, 77, 87 »,
in, 165, 179, 183, 196^, 199,
227, 250, 25872, 270, 278, 281,
302^,308; v, 4«, 75, ii5», 127,
149, 233 », 294

Prescot, iii, I, 2, 44, 318, 341-8, 353;
iv, 18, 145 n ; adv., iii, 342 ; char.,
iii, 346 ; iv, 220 n ; ch., iii, 195 «,
341-3 n, 345 », 353, 378 », 391;
Hall, iii, 354 ; ind., iii, 353 ; man.,
iii, 342, 353 ; mkts. and fairs, iii,
353 ; mines, iii, 409 n ; Nonconf.,
iii, 354; rectory, iii, 342, 353;
Rom. Cath., iii, 354 ; sch., iii, 346;
vicarage, iii, 342

Prescot, Ids. of, iii, 353

Prescot Lane, iii, 12, i8ti

Prescot, Prescott, Alice de, iii, 86 n ;
iv, ip i n ; Anne, iii, 300 ; Edm.
de, iii, 168, 367 n ; Edw., iii, 367 n ;
iv, 98, 101 n ; Eliz. de, iii, 401 ;
Ellen, iv, 101 n ; Hen., iii, 367 n ;
iv, 68 n ; Isabel de, iii, 367 n ;
Jas. de, iii, 367 «; Jno., iii, 190;
iv, 101 ; Sir Jno., iii, i8gn ; Pat.
de, iii, 86 n, 176 n, 343, 354 n;
Pet., iii, 228, 246 n, 247 «; v,
igSw; Rachel, iii, 421; Ralph
de, iii, 372 n; see also Windle ;
Rich, (de), iii, 59 «, 176/2, 354 n;
iv, 97-8 «, 101 n ; Rob. (de), iii,
1767*, 259 «, 367; Rog. de, iii,
363 n ; Thos. iv, 90 n ; Will, (de),
iii, 157, 190 «, 354 «, iv.go; fam.
iv, 93 «, 100

Presefields, iv, 290 n

Prestall, v, 34, 40^-1, 88 n

Prestall Banks, v, 40 n

Prestall, Ad. (de), v, 35, 40 ; Alice,
v, 40 n; Eliz. de, v, 40 n; Ellen
de, v, 40 ; Eve de, v, 35 n, 40 n ;
Isabel, v, 40-1 ; Joan, v, 40 ;
Rich., iv, 379 n, 383 n ; v, 40 ;
Will., v, 40 n

Prestes Croft, iii, 428

Prestolee, v, 4 1 #, 71 n, 88 ; ch., v, 92

Preston, iii, 71, 141 n, 160 n, 163,
166 n, 277, 279, 438 n ; iv, 3, 13 «,
136 », 179 », 257 #; friary, iv,
161 n ; Patten House, iii, 279 n

Preston, Ad. de, iii, 105 ; Agnes, v,
297; Alice de, iii, 358 n; Chris.,
iii, 1 80 ; Eleanor de, iv, 75 n ;
Frances, iv, 313 «; Jno., iv,
313 », 385 w; v, 297; Marg., iii,
350 n; Rob. de, iii, 79, 227;
Thos., iii, 350 n; Will, de, iv,
75 »; v, 1 58; fam., iv, 75

378

Prestwich (with Oldham), iv, 171 ;
v, 67-80 ; adv., iv, 398 n-g n ;
v> 71, 77-8 J chants., v, 75 ; char.,
iv, 201 « ; v, 75 ; ch., v, 68, 104,
121 ; The Deyne (Hall), v, 71 ;
man., iv, 327 «, 398-9 ; v, 76 ;
Nonconf., v, 75 ; parl. repr., v, 68;
water supply, iv, 237 n

Prestwich, Id. of, iv, 273 n

Prestwich, Ad. de, iv, 2io«, 273,
374-5 *, 394 «, 398 5 v, 76-7, 80- 1,
83, 89 n, 96 n, 220 n ; Agnes c e,
iv, 398 n ; v, 77 ; Alex, de, v, 77 «,
8 1 n ; Alice (de), iv, 336 «, 394 «,
398; v, 77, 80 «, 83 «, 85 »;
Anne, v, 117 ; Arabella, iv, 26 in;
Cecily de, iv, 336 n ; Chas., iv,
362 n ; Edm. (de), iv, 220 n,
254 «, 299 «, 302, 329 n, 336 ; v,
78 #, no«; Edw. (de), v, 81 n,
IO2«; Eleanor, iv, 336 »; Ellen
de, v, 79 » ; Ellis, iv, 264 «, 336 ;
Emmota de, iv, 398 n ; v, 77 ;
Hen. de, iv, 374-5 », 398 «;
Isabel, iv, 336 n ; Jas. de, iv,
207 n; Joan de, iv, 398 n; Jno.
(de), iii, 436 n ; iv, 206 n, 260 «,
336 n, 370 «, 398 n ; v, 77, 79 n-
81, 261 n \ Sir Jno., v, 79 ; Kath.
(de), iii, 116; iv, 374 ; Marg. de,
iv, 398 n ; v, 77-8 ; Margery, iv,
266 n ; Mary, iv, 337 n ; Nich., iv,
336 n; Ralph (de), iv, 207 »,
260 «, 264 «, 336, 395 n ; v, 79 «,
102 n; Rob. (de), iv, 198, 398 «;
v, 76 ; Rog. de, iii, 1 16 ; iv, 398 «;
v, 77 n, 89 n; Thos. (de), iv,
I78«, 336»-7», 398 n; v, 77,
8i#, 85, 96 «, 102 n; Sir Thos.,
iv, 261 n, 336-7; v, 102 «,
Thurstan de, iv, 243 «, 398 n ; v,
77 n ; fam., iv, 302, 336 ; v, 102

Prestwold, Thos. de, v, 239

Prestwyche, Robart, v, 156

Pretender, the Old, (James III),
iv, 1 80

Pretender, the Young, iii, I2ow,
286,306,334; iv, 58, 69, 104 «,
1 80, 238 n, 293, 323 n, 329 «, 352,
394 «; v, 68, 171

Prevarius, Eliz., iii, 66 n

Price, Fr. Jno., iv, 51 ; Kenrick, iv,

249

Prickshaw common, v, 211 n

Priest, Will., iv, 348

Priest Carrs, iii, 222

Priestcroft (Gt. Lever), v, 182, 187

Priestcroft, Alan de, v, 187 n ;
Ellen de, v, i87»; Will, de, v,
27 «, 187 n

Priesteolers, iii, 358 n

Priest Hill, v, 101 n

Priestley, Jos., iii, 307

Priest Meadow, iii, 223-4 n

Priest's, the, (Formby), iii, 48 n

Priests, Steph. del, iii, 48 n

Priest's Croft (Walton), iii, 55 n

Priestscroft (Westhoughton), iv,
397 n; v, 21 n

Priestsmock, see Thornton, Rob.

Priest's Ouller, iii, 403 n

Primitive Methodists, iii, 19, 22, 28,
34, 236, 284, 324, 340, 376, 386,
392, 421, 439, 445 ; iv, 49, 77, 83,
87, 91, 97, i°6, 122, 137, 140,
148, 150, 154, 165, 185, 216,
222, 249, 258, 262, 273, 279, 281,
287, 288, 293, 302, 309-10, 322-3,
326, 335, 338, 35i, 375, 392, 396,
404; v, 9, 25, 34, 39, 41, 56,67,

INDEX

Primitive Methodists (cont.)

80,92, 107, 112, 115, 132, 136,
141, 143, 149, 169, 173, 187, 200,

212, 222, 233-4, 250, 254, 260,

270

Prince, Jno. C., iv, 69
Prince of Wales' Volunteers, iii,

3°6, 317

Prince's Park, iii, 40-1
Prior's Croft, iii, 408 n
Prior's Wood, iv, 97
Probyn, Jno., iii, 417, 424 n ; v, 24 n
Procter, Rich. W., iv, 205
Protector, Ld., see Cromwell, Oliver
Protestantism, iii, 239; iv, 17, 176,

198
Protestation of 1641-2, iv, 222] v,

42, 189
Proudlove, — , iii, ion; Geo., iv,

209 n, 245 n ; Marg., iv, 245 « ;

Ralph, iv, 243 #, 245 n
Prujean, Sophia, iv, 81 « ; Will., iii,

71 n; iv, 81 n
Pryn, Jno., iii, 228
Puchlincheles, v, 81 n
Puchlissale brook, v, 8 1 n
Pugh, Anne, iv, 109 n ; Edw. P., iv,

109; Eliz., iv, 109 n; Frances,

iv, 109 n ; Geo. A., iv, 350; Jos.,

iv, 109 n ; Mary, iv, 109 n ; Phil.,

iv, 109 n\ Will.,iv, 109; Winifred,

iv, IO9«
Pugin, A. W., iii, 19, 91, 236; iv,

51, 124 ; E. W., iii, 40, 112 ; iv,

205
Pulle, Ad. de, iii, 206 ; Alice de, iii,

206 ; Thos., iv, 378 n
Pulley, Rich., iii, 21 in
Pulpits, iii, 61,439; iv> 402; v, 3,

64, 293
Pulteney, Fran., v, i68«, 2i4«;

Mich., v, i68«, 214 n
Pultrell, Hugh, see Putrell
Punchard, Hen., iii, 1 15 n ; Jno., iii,

U5«, 125 ; Rog., iii, 125
Puntercroft, iii, 129;*
Purefey, Ralph, iii, 419 ; Thos., iii,

419
Puritans, iv, 20, 25-6, 199 ; v, 67-8,

200, 235, 241
Purnell, Will., iv, 272
Pusey, Peg, iii, 392 n
Pushed Meadow, iii, 215
Pussh'(e), Pussch, Ad. de, v, 98 n ;

Alice de, iv, 312 n, 405^5

v, 98 n; Geoff., v, 164 «;

Will, de, iv, 312 #; see also

Holland
Putrell, Hugh, iv, 364*, 376-7,

404 ; v, 26 n
Pycroft, Jno., iv, 293 ; Ralph, iv,

280 #, 293 n; Thos., iv, 293 «,

see also Pyecroft
Pye, Anne, iii, 218 ; Hen., iii, 218,

303 ; Jas., iii, 206; Marg., iii, 17;

Thos., iii, 218
Pyecroft, iv, 367 «
Pyecroft, Thos., iv, 277«-8«, see

also Pycroft
Pyke, Alice, v, 48 «; Priscilla, iii,

346; Thos., iv, 258; v, 66-7;

Will., v, 48 n
Pymfields, iii, 35 9 n
Pynnuesson, Jno., iii, 97 n \ Will.,

iii, 97 n
Pyntel, Rich., in, 399 n ; Rob., iii,

399 »
Pyryng, Hen., iv, 271 n; Rich., iv,

271 n
Pytington, Alex, de, iv, 207 n

Quakers (Culcheth), iv, 131 n

Quakers (Rainford), iii, 347 n

Quakers (sect), see Friends

Qualebreth (? Warbreck) Moor, iii,
39 w

Quarlton, iv, 405 n; v, 58, 235,
273, 280-2 n, 284 ; man., v, 14 #,
59 n, 284 ; Old Hall, v, 275 n

Quarlton Brook, v, 281

Quarlton, Ellis de, v, 282 «, 285 ;
Rob. de, v, 282 n

Quarmby, Will., iv, 340

Quarries, iv, 1 75-6 n ; v, 1 50

Quarters, the, iii, 197

Quassum, iii, 266, 27072

Quassum, Jno. de, iii, 266 n

Queen Anne's bounty, iii, 55 #, 128,
226, 375; iv, 165, 310 «; v,
4«, 92*, 105, in, 179, 212,
234, 280

Queen's Park, Collyhurst, iv, 224

Queen's Park, Hey wood, v, 140

Quekett, Will., iii, 312

Quenilda, d. of Rich, lord of Wood-
plumpton, iii, 32

Quenilda's croft, iii, 27 n

Quick, Quike, La, (Bold), iii, 399 «,
404 n, 407 ; man., iii, 403

Quick (Saddleworth), man., iv,
332 n

Quick Hill, iii, 408

Quick(e), Qui(y)ke, Ad. (de, del),
iii, 209, 407 n ; Alan de, iii, 30 «,
407 « ; Alb. de la, iii, 407 ; Alice
de, iii, 209 ; Hen. de la or del,
iii, 31 n, 407-8 n, 410 n ; Jno. de,
iii, 403, 407 n ; Juliana de, iii,
407 n ; Lettice de, iii, 407 n ;
Mabel de, iii, 407 « ; Maud del,
iii, 31 »; Nich. de, iii, 407 «;
Ranclle de, iii, 209; Rich., iii,
103 n; Rob., iii, 151; Thos.
(del), iii, 151, 407 « ; Will, (de or
del), iii, 53 «, 403, 407 «, 413 »;
fam., iii, 28, 413

Quickenlow, Edusa de, v, 282 n \
Geoff, de, v, 282 n ; Jordan de,
v, 281 n; Rich, del, v, 282 «;
fam., v, 282 n

Quickfield, iii, 407

Quickley, v, 220 «

Quike, see Quick

Quikefield, Hen. de, iii, 407 n \ Rob.
de, iii, 407 n

Quincey, Thos. de, iv, 185

Quindal, iii, 124;*

Quindal Moor, iii, 123-47?, 126-
7»

Quindel Gate, iii, 1247*

Quinneson, Ad., v, 35 n; Jno., v,

35 «

Qumtacres, iv, ngn
Quintbridge, the, iii, 141
Quiston, see Whiston
Quistondene, v, 131 n
Quitefeld, iii, i8i«
Quitefelf, R., iii, 125
Quitlagh, see Witlaw
Quitslade Lache head, iv, 169 «
Quyke, see Quick
Qwarvys, iii, 21 7 n

R. the Clerk, iii, 105

Rachedale, see Rochdale

Radcliffe, iv, 171, 2i2«, 257^; v,
56-67, 7i| 88; adv., v, 58-9,
64; char., v, 67, i6o#; ch., v,
56, 59 «, 62-4, 65 «, 66-7 ; man.,
v, 58, 166-7; mkt., v, 58;

379

Radcliffe (cont.)

Nonconf., v, 66 n-f ; Rom-
Cath., v, 67 ; sch., v, 67 ; Towery
v, 56, 59-61

Radcliffe, Id. of, v, 181

Radcliffe Bridge, v, 56, 58, 88 ;
ch., v, 67 ; Nonconf,, v, 92

Radcliffe head, iii, 399 n

Radcliffe-upon-Soar (Notts.), rec-
tory, iii, 156

Radcliffe, Ad. de, iv, 81 «, 2io«,
230 «, 242 «, 244 «, 270 ; v, 35 nr
58-97*, 61, 8o«, 125, I3o«r
150 #, 263, 269 n ; Agnes (de), v,
13 n, 46 n, 58«-9«, 77, 140 «r
168 n ; Alex, (de), iii, 425 «, 429,
434, 441, 444; iv, 211, 245 «;
v, 46 n, 56 «, 58, 62, 119-20,
218 n; Sir Alex., iii, 296^,437;
iv, 178,211-12,215 «, 349 «, 370;
v, 47*, 55, 138 w, 303 «; Alice
(de), iv, 2ii«-i2, 244 n, 267 «,
270, 370 «; v, 35«-6«, 59 n;
Alured de, iv, 207 «, 211 n ; Anne,
iv, 2i2«; v, 59«, 98^, ii9#;
Dame Anne, iv, 210, 212 n;
Averey de, iv, 211 n; Bridg., v,
43; Bridg. C, iii, 224 «; Capt.,
iv, I79»; Cecily, iv, 209 n ; v,
13; Chas., iv, 212 «; v, 139 #r
230; Christiana de, iv, 81 n ;
Clemence, iv, 373 n ; Douce, v,
13 «; Sir Dav., iii, 113; Edm.
(de), iv, 209 #, 21 1 n-12 n, 244 n ;
v, 13, 98 «, i68«, 204 «, 248 «;
Edw., iii, 296 «; v, 62, I2o«,
184 n, 230 ; Eleanor, iii, 73 ; iv,
399 n ; Eliz. (de), iii, 437 ; iv,
200 n, 209 «, 244«-5«; v, 13;*,.
59 #, ugn, 121 n, 139 n, 168 «,
204 «; Ellen (de), iv, 108 «,
209 «, 245 «; v, 13 «, 59 «,
1 19 « ; Emma, v, 13 «; Eugenia
de, v, 58, 263, 281 n ; Frances, v,
62 n; Geoff, de, v, 129 n ; Sir
Geoff., v, 117 n ; Geo., v, 13 «;
see also Chester, archd. of;
Hamlet, v, 262 n ; Helen(a), iii,
429, 441 ; Hen. (de), iii, 260 ; v,
59 #, 124 #, i68w, 204 «, 230,
260, 282 « ; see also Sussex, earl
of; Herb., v, 205 n ; Hugh (de),
iii, 427; iv, 211 n; v, 58 «, 65 ;
Humph., iv, 212 w ; Isabel(la) (de),
iii, 296 «, 446 ; iv, 266 n ; v, 59 «,,
77, 164, i68«; Jas. (de), iv,
i6o«, 162 n, 242 «, 244 «-5 «, 263^,
267 «; v, 59, 62, 64, 164, i68«,
i8o«, 260 n, 262*1; Jane, iii,,
280 n ; iv, 212 «; Janet, v, 13 w ;
Joan (de), iv, 211 ; v, 13 «, 46 «,
85 », 117, 184;*; Jno. (de), iii,
335 n> iv, i6o«, 200 «, 206 «,
210, 215 «, 222 «, 244 «~5 «,
267 «, 396 », 398;*, 404 n;
v, 46 «, 48 n, 58^-60, 62«,
64, 72, 77, 85 «, 116-17,
1 19-20 n, 125, 130 n, 145 «,
I90«-i«, 209 «, 230 «, 248 n,
269 «, 272 n ; see also Fitz-
Walter, Ld. ; Sir Jno. (de), iv,
207 «, 210-12, 231 n, 370^,390 «,
404 ; v, 46w-7«, 55 «, 117 ; Sir
Jos., v, 113 ; Sir Jos. E., v, 113 ;
Josh., v, 230; Kath.(de), iv, 79 «,
212 n ; v, 13 «, 29 n, 166 n, 231 ;
Marg. (de), iv, 211 «-i2«, 2447?,
312 «, 341 «, 378 « ; v, 43 n, 58,
II7«, 119, i68«, 230 «; Margery
de, iii, 427 ; iv, 159, 162 «, 253 n;

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Radcliflfe (cont.)

v, io8«, 1 16-18/2, 129/2-30, 142/2,
285 n; Mary, iv, 212 «, 245 \n ;
v, 119-20, 145 «, 168/2, 220 «,
231/2; Maud (de), iv, 21 in,
399 n ; Nich. (de), iv, 244 n ; v,
13/2; Oliver, v, 13 n; Owen, v,
1 68 n, 204 n ; Pet. de, iv, 21 1 n ; v,
58-9 «, 8 1 n ; Ralph (de), iii, 9 ;
iv, 12, 209/2, 2ii n ; v, 7/2, 8/2,
13, 46/2-7/2, 59/2, 125/2, 274/2,
285 «, 298 n ; Sir Ralph (de), iv,
127/2, 244/2, 253/2; v, 13, 47 n,
87 «, 248 «, 262, 272 n ; Ranulf
de, v, 58 ; Rich, (de), iii, 224 n,
265/2, 335 », 427, 446; iv, 159-
60/2, 162, 210/2-11, 215 /2, 244 n-
5/2, 310/2, 394 «, 39s «, 4°4»?
v, 43, 46/2, 48/2, 55/2, 59, 62/2,
65, 72, 77, 79«-8i, 101/2, 119,
121 n, 125, 138/2, 145, 147 n,
168/2, 204/2, 222/2, 230, 248 n,
263 «, 272 n, 281 n, 284 »~5 n ;
Sir Rich, (de), iii, 447-8 ; v,
47 n ; Rob. (de), iii, 446 ;
iv, 210/2-12, 244/2, 312 «,
341 «, 378/2 ; v, 29/2, 45, 58-9 «,
61-2, 117, 119/2-20/2, 138/2,
143/2, 157, 262 n, 272/2, 285 n;
see also Sussex, earl of ; Rog.
(de), iv, 194-5 n; v, 58-9, 119 «,
270 «, 272 n, 284 n ; Sarah, iv,
245 n ; Saville, v, 29 «, 230-1 ;
Sibyl de, iv, 21 in; v, 46/2;
Sim. de, v, 58 n; Susan, v,
119/2-20; Thos., iii, 378 n; iv,
244 n, 303/2; v, 101 », 118/2-19,
121 «, 184/2, 260 n; see also
Sussex, earl of; Thos. H., v,
62 n; Vane, v, 168/2; Walt., v,
119/2; Will, (de), iii, 427, 446;
iv, 79 n, 80, 159, 162/2, 189, 200,
209 n-i i, 244 »~5 n, 266 «-8 n,
312 n, 341 n, 373 », 378»J v,
47»-8«, 58-9 n, 64, 80, 98 »,
ioi«, 113, 170^, 230, 263-4 n,
281, 284 «~5 « ; Sir Will., iv,
209 n, 211-12, 285 n, 390 «; v,
55 «, 119; fam., iii, 261, 429 »,
446; iv, 159, 175, 177,204,244,
263, 267, 346, 404; v, 13, i8«,
27, 46-7, 59 «, 87, 101, 104, 168,
203-4, 207 «-8 n, 230-1, 285 ;
see also Radclyffe, Ratcliffe
Radcliffe-Fazakerley, Alex., iii,

54 n

Radcliff Meadows, iv, 131 n
Radclyffe, Chas. J., v, 120 ; Edm.,
v, 120 n; Eliz., v, 117, 1 19-20 n;
Marg., v, 99 n; Mary, v, 99 ft;
Rob., v, 99 n, 120; Will., v,
119; fam., iv, 212 ; v, 99, 146 n;
see also Radcliffe, Ratcliffe
Radcote Bridge, battle, iii, 72 n
Radley, Marg., iv, 212 n ; Mary, iv,
368 n; Steph., iv, 212 «, 368 «;
. see also Rodley ; Will., iv, 207 »,

2I2»

Radshaw Nook, iii, 157

Raffald, Eliz., iv, 222 n ; Jno., iv,

222 «
Raffles, Dr. Thos., iv, 49; Thos.,

iv, 50 n
Raidwath, Aldusa de, v, 211 n;

Alice de, v, 211 «; Will, de, v,

2iin

Rail Ditch, iii, 57 n
Raines, Fran. R., v, 190, 221
Rainestrymoll, iii, 331 n
Rainford, iii, 2, 109, 175, 191 n,

Rainford (cont.}

277 «-8 », 341-2 «, 382 ; iv, 65 »,
85 «-6 n ; chap., iii, 374 n ;
chapelry, iii, 386 ; char., iii,
346-7 ; iv, 67 n ; ch., iii, 385 ;
Hall, iii, 382 ; man., iii, 161 «-

2 «, 382 ; v, 295 n ; man.-house,
iii, 383 n ; Moss, iii, 382, 385 ;
Nonconf., iii, 386 ; Rom. Cath.,
iii, 386

Rainford Brook, iii, 371, 382 ;
quicksand, iii, 377 n

Rainford, Ad. de, iii, 277 «, 383 n ;
Agnes de, iv, 85 n ; Alan de, iii,
182 «, 383 «~4 n ; iv, 85 n ; Amice
de, iii, 384 n ; Benedict de, iii,
383 n; Cecily de, iii, 383; Eliz.
de, iii, 279 « ; Emma, iv, 84 n ;
Hen. de, iii, 383 n ; Hugh, iii,
98 n; Jas., iv, 66 «; Joan, iv,
361 n ; Jno. (de), iii, 129 n, 285 «,
380 n, 383 n~4 n ; Maud de, iii,
383 n~4 ; Ralph de, iii, 382 «-

3 n ; Randle de, iii, 382 n ; Rich,
de, iii, 213, 253 n, 366 n; Rob.
de, iii, 366 «, 383 n~4 n ; Rog. de,
iii, 366 «, 384 n; Thos. de, iii,
279 n; Will, de, iii, 366 #,383 »-

4 ; iv, 84 n
Rainforth, Jas., iii, 285

Rainhill, iii, 175, 341-2 n, 347 n,
368, 393, 404 n ; char., iii, 346 ;
ch., iii, 371 ; Hall, iii, 369/2-70;
man., iii, 85, 355-6, 363-4/2, 368,
372/2; iv, 142/2; man.-house,
iii, 369-70; Nonconf., iii, 371 ;
iv, 137/2 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 371
Rainhill, Agnes de, iii, 368 ; Alan
de, iii, 370/2 ; Amice de, iii, 368 ;
Emma de, iii, 360, 368 ; Jno. de,
iii, 370/2; Ralph de, iii, 370/2;
Rich, de, iii, 349/2; Rob. de, iii,
370/2; Rog. de, iii, 360, 368;
Sim. de, iii, 360, 368, 370/2;
Waldeve de, iii, 368
Rainshaw, Chris., iv, 334 n
Rainsough, v, 75 n-6 ; Nonconf., v,

80
Rakes, the, (Heaton Norris), iv,

324 », 382 «-3

Rakes, the, (Walton), iii, 27 n
Rakes, Sir Geoff, del, iv, 324 »
Ralph, the Chaplain, iii, 127 ; the
Clerk, iii, 244 n ; the Cook, iii,
1 14 n ; the Ferryman, iv, 365 n ;
the Sergeant, iv, 133/2; the
Sergeant, Alice w. of, iv,

133 «

Ralphson, Edm., see Raphson
Ramdencrook, iii, 383 n
Ramsay, Pet., v, 149/2
Ramsbotham, Thos., v, 140
Ramsbottom, v, 123, 141, 143-4,

147 n ; ch., v, 149 ; fairs, v, 144 ;

Nonconf., v, 149
Ramsbottom, Alice, v, 147 » ;

Edm., v, 147 n ; Geoff., v, 147 n ;

Joan, v, 147/2; Nich., v, 151/2;

Rich., v, 147 n ; fam., v, 146
Rams Brook, iii, 140, 144 n, 149-

5°

Randle, the Miller, iv, 207 n ; the
Rim, iii, 76 » ; the White, v,

211

Ranelagh, Visct., v, 169 ; Sir Rog.

Jones, ist, v, 169 n ; 4th, iv, 88 n
Ranicar, see Renacres
Ranicar, Ellen, iii, 425, 430 ; Jas.,

iii, 425 ; Jno., iii, 425, 430; Mary,

iii, 425

380

Ranicars, Ellen, see Ranicar ; Jno.,
iii, 421,430; iv, now; see also
Ranicar; Nich., iv, no

Rankin, Jno., iv, 53 ; Will. H., v, 25

Rant, Urmston, v, 51

Rapeden Hey, v, 262 n

Raphson, Edm., iii, 58 n

Rasbotham, iv, 345

Rasbotham, Anne, v, 38 n ; Dor-
ning, v, 34, 38, 84 ; Dorothy, v,
38 n ; Frances, v, 38 n ; Hannah,
v, 38 «; Pet., v, 38 n ; Rob., iv,
345 « ; Sarah, v, 38 n

Ratcliffe, Alex., iii, 414 n

Rathband, Neh., v, 75 n ; Will., iv,
258

Rathbone, Dav., v, 180; S. G., iv,
54 ; Will., iii, 41 ; iv, 34, 53, 56 ;
v, 148, 181 n ; fam., iii, 41 n; iv, 23

Ratho, iii, 230/2-1

Ratouthe, baron of, see Bold, Rob.

Rauf, Alina, iii, 263 n ; Hen., iii,
263 n ; Jno., iii, 263 «

Ravald, Alice, iv, 222 n ; Eliz., iv,
222 n ; Geo., iv, 222 n ; Jno., iv,
22i/2-2»; Kath., iv, 222 n ;
Marg., iv, 222, n ; Mary, iv,
222 n ; Nich., iv 23 7 n ; Oswald,
iv, 222 n ; Rich., iv, 222 n ; Rob.,
iv, 219/2, 221/2-2/2; v, 82 n;
Sam., iv, 222 n ; Thos., iv,
222 n; Will., iv, 221-2 n; fam.,
iv, 242 n

Raveden Brook, v, 14

Raveden dough, v, 262 n

Ravenesmoles, see Raven Meols

Ravenhead, iii, 355, 361 » ; ch., iii,
362 ; Hall, iii, 362

Ravenhead Copper Co., iii, 362

Raven Meols, Ravensmeols, iii, i,
5, 45-6, 59, 87 », 222-3 ; fishery,
iii, 49, 51; man., iii, 49, 50,
385 n ; mill, iii, 49, 50 n

Ravensdale, v, 125 n

Ravenshaw, Jno. de, iii, 339 n ;
Marg. de, iii, 339 n ; Will, de,
iii, 339 n

Ravens Lache, iii, 325

Ravensmeols, see Raven Meols

Ravensmeols, Alan de, iii, 50 n;
Amabel de, iii, 50 n ; Jno. de, see
Meols, Jno. de ; Ughtred de, iii,
50 n ; Will, de, iii, 50 n

Raven Syke, iii, 358 n

Rawdon, Jas. H., v, in

Rawinton, see Rivington

Rawlinson, Ralph, iv, 329 n ; Thos.,
iii, 57 n ; Thurstan, iv, 329 n

Raw Moss, iv, 91

Rawson, Benj., v, 37 «, 266 ; Eliz.,
v, 37 » ; Jos., iv, 375 n; Thurstan,
iii, 423 n

Rawsthorn, Capt., see Rawstorne

Rawsthorne, Edw., v, 207 n ; Lawr.,
v, 207 n ; see also Rawstorne

Rawstorne, Rawsthorne, Ad. de, v,
146 n ; Agnes, v, 146 n ; Alice, v,
I34»; Edw., iii, 399/2; v,
142/2, 1 46 #-7/2; Capt. Edw.,
iii, 252; iv, 406 n; v, 147 n ;
Eleanor, v, 146 n ; Eliz., v,
146/2-7 n, 271 n ; Ellen, v, 136 «,
146 n ; Hen., v, 146 n ; Jane, v,
146/2; Jno. de, v, 142 n; Lawr.,
iii, 416; v, 136/2, 146/2-7/2;
Rich., v, 146 n, 151 n ; Rob. A.,
iii, 312 ; Thurstan, v, 136 n,
142 n; Will, de, v, 130/2, 136/2,
146/2-7/2; Will. E., iii, 245;
fam., v, 136, 146

INDEX

Rawtenstall, boro., v, 151
Raydegate, iii, 29 n
Raye, Rog. le, iii, 47 n
Readyshaw Moss, iv, 162 n
Rebellion of 1193-4 (Count John's),

iii, 47, 67 72, 92, 396
Rebellion of 1715, iii, 45, 240,

438 n ; iv, 28, 69 ; v, 298 n ; see

also Jacobites
Rebellion of 1745, iii, 306; iv, 28,

69 ; see also Jacobites
Rece-riding, iv, 13372
Recingpool moss, v, zin
Recusancy, iii, 17, 28 n, 30/2, 48 n-

9 «, 54, 57 », 74, 82, 103, 140,

151/2, 172, 221, 239, 367; iv,

78, 139, 251, 332; v, 235
Redale, iii, 145 n
Redall meadow, iii, 140
Red Bank, battle, iv, 123,

140 n-i

Red Brook (Manchester), iv, 283 n
Redbrook (Rochdale), v, 207 n-8 n
Redclough Head, v, 279^
Reddewoth, Liulph de, v, 211 n
Reddish, iv, 174, 176, 184, 192/2,

230/2, 261 «, 326; ch., iv, 329;

Hall, iv, 327; ind., iv, 326;

man., iv, 324 w, 326; Mill, iv,

316 #; Nonconf., iv, 329 ; Rom.

Cath., iv, 329
Reddish, North, iv, 326 ; ch., iv,

329

Reddish, South, iv, 326

Reddish Green, iv, 326

Reddish, Alex., iv, 262 #-372, 319,
327-8 n, 336/2; v, 78, 81/2,
83 n ; Alice (de), iv, 326 72-7 n ;
Ellen (de), iv, 326-7 n ; Geo., iv,
327 n ; Grace, iv, 327 n ; v, 78 ;
Hen., iv, 361 n; Hugh, iii, 311 ;
iv, 112 n; Jno. (de), iv, 200 n,
219 n, 263, 267, 326-9, 336 72,
370 n, 395 n, 399 72; v, 78;
Jordan de, iv, 326 ; Kath, iv,
327 n; Marg., iv, 112/2, 327 n,
329 72, 395 «, 399/2; v, 78;
Matth. de, iv, 311, 315, 322,
326-7; Otes, iv, 327; Ralph,
iv, 326; Rich, (de), iv, 210 n,
326-8 n ; v, Son; Rob. de, iv,
298, 311/2, 326/2; Rog. de, v,
8 1 n ; Sarah, iv, 327 ; v, 78 ;
Steph., iv, 329 w; Susannah, iv,
251/2; Thos., iv, 263 w, 32972;
Thurstan de, iv, 326 n ; fam., iv,
261/2, 319, 326-7 72; v, 80/2-1

Rede, Ad. le, iii, 332 n ; Ellis le,
iii, 115 ; Hen. le, iii, 115 ; Nich.
le, iii, 115

Redemptorists, iii, 112 ; v, 213

Redfern, v, 207

Redfern, Hen. de, v, 207/2 ; Jas., v,
207 » ; Thos., v, 207 «

Redferne, Jno., v, 129

Redford, iv, 393 n

Redford, Alice de, v, 40 ; Alison,
iv> 379 n '•> Ellen de, v, 40 ; Hen.
de, v, 39 n ; Jno. de, v, 40 ; Rich.,
de, v, 35, 37 », 39-4 in

Red Hazels, iii, 153/2, 169, 171, 174,

350

Red Hill, iv, 25672
Redinall, Rich, de, v, 35 n
Redisher, v, 143
Redlache, iv, 277/2
Red Lees (Bury), v, 144, 147 n
Redlees (Oldham), v, 95 n
Red Lees, Rog. de, v, 147 72
Redleigh, v, 99 n

Red Moss, v, 295, 299, 302/2

Red Racker, Higher and Lower, iv,

362 72

Redshaw, v, 22 72

Redvales, v, 123, 128, 130/2-1 ; ch.,

v, 132

Redvales, Hen. de, v, 142 n
Reece, Rich. M., v, 45
Reed Brook, the, iv, 341/2
Reeds Moss, iii, 382
Reedy Pool, iii, 222 72
Rees, Maj. Chas., v, 118; Harriet

S. A., v, 118; Horton, v, 118;

see Rice
Reeve, Eliz., iii, 413/2; Jas., v,

24/2; Ralfe, iii, 55; Rich., v,

24/2; Rob., iii, 413/2; v, 24/2;

Will., iii, 413 « ; v, 2372-4/2;

fam., v, 24 ; see also Ryve
Reformed Church of England, iii,

19, 324
Reformed Presbyterians, iii, 19,

22 72 ; iv, 49 72
Reginald of the Cross, iii,

255

Renacres, iii, 192/2, 194/2, 196,
238/2, 266/2-7; Hall, iii, 192;
man., iii, 82, 194, 196

Renacres Mere, iii, 196/2-7/2

Renacres, Ad. de, iii, 197/2; Alan
de, iii, 197/2, 212/2, 276/2,279;
Alice (de), iii, 218 //, 279/2;
Ameria, iii, 218 72 ; Averia de, iii,
279 n ; Christiana, iii, 279 72 ;
Constance de, iii, 27972; Edusa
de, iii, 279 n, 282 72 ; Ellen de, iii,
279; Joan (de), iii, 27972, 430;
Jno. (de), iii, 88/2, 279/2, 430;
Nich. (de), iii, 273, 428, 430;
Rich, (de), iii, 197/2, 218/2, 266/2,
279, 282/2, 428, 430; Rob. de,
iii, 197/2, 266/2; Rog. de, iii,
197/2; Sim. de, iii, 197/2, 273,
277 n, 279, 282 72 ; Steph. de, iii,
197/2, 27772, 279; Thos. (de), iii,
8872, 279; Will, de, iii, 197/2,
279 n ; fam., iii, 2177 «, 279,
430

Renshaw, Sam., iv, 46

Rependun, Will, de, iv, 168/2

Repington, Ralph, iii, 418

Reskow, Jno., iv, 58

Rethfield, v, 12 »

Reus, Rich, le, v, 218/2

Reyne Cloughs, v, 138/2

Reynford, see Rainford

Reynham, Waldern de, iii, 403 ;
Waltania de, iii, 403

Reynold (of Culcheth), iv, 156; the
Gynour, v, 202 n ; the Miller, iii,
142/2

Reynold, Nich., iii, 48/2 ; Rob., iii,
48/2; Thos., iii, 154

Reynolds, Eliz., iv, 261 « ; Fran.,
iv, 261 n; Mary, iv, 261 «; Rob.,
iii, 247/2; Thos., iv, 202/2, 261 ;
see also Ducie, Ld.

Rhodes (Bury), v, 129/2-30/2

Rhodes (Middleton), v, 80, 82,
161-2, 165 72; ch., v, 82; Nonconf.,
v, 169

Rhodes (Pilkington), v, 8r, 91

Rhodes, Jno., v, 11472; fam., v,
114

Rhodesfield, iv, 345

Rhodes Green, v, 171 »

Rhodes Hill, iv, 339

Rhuddlan (Wales), iii, 87 72, 295

Rhys, Maj. Chas., see Rees

Ribble, R., iii, 230, 234 ; iv, 68

Ribble and Mersey, land between,
iii, 3, 4, 13-14, 87/2, ii6n, 121,
193/2, 265, 305, 325, 328, 422;
iv, 171, 174, 206, 364 n

Ribblesdale, Thos. Lister, Ld., v,
96/2, 167 n

Ribbleton, iii, 70 72, loon, 160/2,
198

Rice, the, (Prescot), iii, 398 n

Rice, the, (Walton), iii, 27 n

Rice, Edw., iii, 58 n ; Jas., iii, 58;?,
66 ; Jno., iii, 140 ; Percival, iii,
31 ; Thos., iii, 31 ; Will., iii,
21 n ; fam., iii, 28 ; see Rees

Rich, Eliz., iii, 196 n ; Sir Rich., iii,
196 n

Richard I, iii, 209

Richard II, iv, 8, 71 n, 194 72, 379;
v, 230 n

Richard III, iii, 160; iv, 14, 93; v,
67, 130, 274 n

Richard, Hawise dau. of, iii, 100 ;
at the ClifT, iii, 383 «; of Ormskirk,
iii, 279 n ; of the Cross, iii, 296 n ;
the Arrowsmyth, iii, 436 n ; the
Baker, iv, 134 n; the Boor,
Leukia dau. of, iv, 10972 ; the
Carpenter, iii, 321 n, 399 n; v,
248 n ; the Carpenter, Isabel w.
of, iii, 321/2; the Chief, v, 35,
41 n ; the Choffer, v, 82 n ; the
Clerk, iii, 75 n, 393 n ; the Cook,
v, 248 n ; the Demand, iii, 72, 96,
99 n ; the Fish, see Fish ; the
Forester, Agnes w. of, iii, 5072;
the Fowler, iii, 76 n ; the
Halthwait, iii, 218 n; the Harper,
iii, 181/2; iv, 371 n; the
' Leycestere,' iv, 207 n ; the
Marshal, Alice dau. of, iv, 82 n ;
the Mason, Maud dau. of, iii,
118; the Mercer, iii, 403 n; the
Parker, iii, 263 n ; the Receiver,
iv, 133 ; the Rede, iii, 216/2 ; the
Rymour, iv, 370 n ; the Serjeant,
iii, 212; the Smith, iii, 258 n,
335, 398«~9> 40i n ; the Stringer,
iii, 263; the Ward, iii, 216 n;
lord of Woodplumpton, iii, 32

Richards, Cath., iv, 202, 261 ;
Jno., v, 275 n

Richard's Croft, iv, i6gn

Richard's Cross, iii, 393 n

Richards-daughter, Jane, iii, 140 n •

Richard's Field, iii, 427-8

Richardson, Chris., iii, 44 ; Edw.,
iv, 66 /2, 334 n ; Esther, v, 86 n;
Jas., iv, 146; Janet, iv, 114 n;
Jno., iii, 76/2, 94 n, 430 n ; iv,
114 n; v, 280; Lawr., see
Johnson ; Ralph, iii, 345 ; Rich.,
iv, 106; Rog., iv, 164 n; Thos.,
iv, 164, 19272; v, 24; Will., v,
lion, 148, 280; fam., iv, 10

Richebeque, Louis, iv, 1 70 n

Richmond, archd. of, Thos. de
Dalby, iii, 418 ; Jno. Hanson, v,
198 n; Jno. Hurleton, iii, 271 n ;

Richmond, Hen. earl of, iii, 159.
see also Henry VII ; Marg. ctss.
of, iii, 159, 395 n ; iv, 239

Richmond, Hen., iv, 46 ; Mary, iii,
30 n; Rich., iii, 8, 9, 64 ; see also
Sodor and Man, bp. ; Silvester,
iii, 6/2, 8, 9 ; iv, 46 n, 55

Richson, Canon, iv, 192

Ricketts, Sir Cornvvallis, iii, 295 ;
Lady Henrietta, iii, 295 ; Sir Rob.,
see Tempest

Rickman, Thos., iii, 21 n

V

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Ridde, Ralph, iv, 272
Riddenden Brook, iv, 405 n
Ridehalgh, Geo., v, 50, 54 ; Col
Geo. J. M., v, 50, 54 ; Geo. L.,

v, 54

Rider, Andr., iv, 129
Ridgate, iii, 177, 180, 348, 350;

chap., iii, 182 n; leper hosp., iii,

177 n ; man., iii, 350
Ridgate, Gilb. de, iii, 100 n ; Hen.

de, iii, 366 n ; Jno. del, iii, loon ;

Rich, de, iii, 100/2; Rob. de, iii,

loon ; Walt, de, iii, 366 n ; Will.

de, iii, 100/2; fam., iii, 100
Ridge, the, (Ashton), iv, 243 n
Ridge Hill, iv, 339
Ridge, Jonas, iv, 223 n; fam., iv,

246

Ridgefield, iv, 246 n
Ridgeley, Jno., v, 25
Ridges, iv, 143 n
Ridges, Rich, del, iv, 345 n ; Will.

del, iv, 345 n
Ridgeway, Helen, iv, 256 n; Marg.,

iv, 256 n

Ridgway, Jos., v, 5, gn
Riding, the, (Halewood), iii, 150
Riding (Parr), iii, 380 n
Riding, Middle, iii, 38 in
Riding Brook, iv, 242
Riding, Hen. de, iii, 39 n ; Hugh,

iii, 17; Margery del, iii, 197;

Rich, de or del, iii, 27 n, 77/2,

97 n, 249 n ; Rob. de or del, iii,

69 n, 72 n, 77 n, 197; Rog. del,

iii, 197

Ridings, Jno., iv, 259 n
Ridlestones, — , iv, 1997*
Ridley (Ches.), iii, 384
Ridley (Horwich), v, 7»; Head,

v, 7/2
Ridley, Ellis de, v, 37 #; Mabel

(Mable) de, v, 37 «, 292 n ; Thos.

de, v, 292 n
Rigby, Alex., iii, 402; iv, 121 n ;

v, 31, 279/2, 302 n; Alice, v, 31 ;

Beatrix, v, 33 ; Col., iii, 252 ; v,

244 ; Dorothy, v, 302 n ; Edw.,

iv, 89 n, 90 n ; Eleanor, iii, 247 n ;

Eliz., iii, 448 n ; v, 301 n ; Geo.,

v, 31, 33; Hen., iii, 412 n; Jas.,

v, 280 ; Jno., iii, 229, 436 n ; iv,

109 n ; v, 21 n; Jos., iv, 121 n;

Mary, iii, 285 ; Rich., iii, 367 ;

Rob., iii, 448 n ; Rog., iii, 402 n,

438; iv, 89 n; Thos., iii, 229/2;

Will., iii, 239 «, 436 n ; iv, 99 « j

fam., iv, 76 n, 121
Rigg> Wilson, iv, 391
Riggs, iv, 163 n
Rigmaiden, Geo., iii, 256 ; Thos.,

iii, 85
Rignold, Jno., iii, 97 »; Margery,

iii, 97 n
Rihale, Will, de, see Monk Bretton,

prior of

Rikounisf ield, iii, 48 n
Rimmer, Cuth., iii, 229 ; Ellis, iii,

229; Gilb., iii, 232 n; Pet., iii,

229; Rich., iii, 49; Thos., iii,

227

Rimrose Brook, iii, 32-3 «, 95, 99
Ring, Joan le, iii, 263 n ; Jno. le, iii,

263 n

Ringand Pits, iv, 378 n
Ringey, iv, 15272
Ringley, v, 39, 71 #, 88 ; chap., v,

91; char., v, 76/2; sch., v,

75-6 n, 92
Ringleys, v, 90 n

Ringspiggot Hall, iv, 258/2

Ring Wines, the, iv, 134/2

Ripley, Will., iii, 220

Ripley Brook, v, 119/2

Ripou, bp. of, Rob. Bickersteth, iii,

303 n
Ripon, dean of, Hugh MacNeile, iii,

43 »

Ripon, Will, de, iii, 321/2

Ripponden (Yorks.), v, 73 n

Rishton, Grace, v, 178/2; Jno., v,
38/2; Ralph, v, 178/2; Will., v,
3.8 »

Rising of 1715, 1745, see Rebellion

Risley, iv, 156, 161 ; char., iv, 131,
163/2; Moss, iv, 156; Nonconf.,
iv, 165 ; Old Hall, iv, 156

Risley, Agnes de, iv, 162 n; Anne,
iv, 163/2; Dykone de, iv, 162/2;
Eliz. de, iv, 162/2; Ellen de, iv,
156-7/2, 159/2, 161-2/2, 164/2;
see also Hindley ; Geo., iv, 163 n ;
Gilb., iv, 162 ; Hen., iv, 162-3/2;
Isabel de, iv, 162 ; Jno.,iv, 131/2,
156/2, 162/2-3; Kath., iii, 401;
iv, 162 ; Margery de, iv, 155,
162 n ; Nich. (de), iii, 330, 401 ;
iv, 162 ; Pet. de, iv, 155 n, 162 n ;
Rich., iv, 162-4 ; Rob. de, iv,
IS5~7«5 IS9n, 161-2, 164/2; see
also Hindley; Thos., iv, 124,
163, 165 ; Will, de, iv, 162

Risshe hadbutt, the, iii, 443 n

Ritherake, v, 39 n

Ritherope, iii, 368, 370

Ritherope Brook, iii, 358 72, 362-3 n ;
see also Shaw brook

Ritherope, Agnes de, iii, 408 ; Rog.
de, iii, 408

Ritson, Will., v, 294

Rivera, Lope de, iv, 14

Rivers, Penelope Savage, ctss., iv,
385 ; Rich. Savage, 4th earl, iii,
387; iv, 385

Rivers, Jno., see Penketh ; Rich.,
iii, 392 n

Rivington, iv, 75/2; v, 31/2, 89/2,
235, 238 72, 249, 260, 286-7 ; adv.,
v, 293 ; char., v, 242-3 n ; chap.,
v, 241, 293 ; ch., v, 292 ; Great
House Farm, v, 292 ; Hall, v,
291 ; man., v, 89 72, 286 ; New
Hall Farm, v, 292 ; Nonconf., v,
9 #, 294 ; Old Hall, v, 290, 292 ;
New Hall, v, 290 /2, 292 n ; old
houses, v, 292/2; pk., v, 286;
Pike, iv, 376; v, 286; sch., v,
9/2, 242, 289-90, 293/2-4, 303;
waterworks, iv, 39 ; v, 286

Rivington, Little, v, 289/2

Rivington, Cecily de, iv, 388 n ;
Eliz., iv, 90/2, 253/2; Ellen de,
v, 287/2; Jas., iv, 253/2; Jno.,
iv, 90 n ; Maud de, v, 287 n ;
Rich, de, v, 287 », 295 n ; Rob.
de, v, 287 n ; Rog. (de), v, 287 «,
290/2-1/2; Sim. de, v, 291/2;
Thos. de, v, 287; Will, (de), v,
287/2, 291 n

Rixton, iii, 305, 310/2,334; char.,
iii, 316 ; fisheries, iii, 338 ; Hall,
i»> 337 «-8, 340 ; Little Hall, iii,
338; man., iii, 334, 338; Non-
conf., iii, 340 ; Rom. Cath., iii,
340

Rixton with Glazebrook, iii, 304,
318/2,334; fair, iii, 334

Rixton, Ad. de, iii, 431 n ; Agnes
de, iii, 335 ; iv, 109/2, 113/2;
Alan de, iii, 334-5, 33^-9 »; iv,
382

Rixton (cont.)

151/2-2/2; Denise de, iv, 1 697/5
Eliz. de, iii, 335 ; Ellen de, iii,
39 «, 407 n ; Emma de, iii, 335 ;
Emmota de, iv, 169/2; Gilb. de,
i"» 335 «5 iy> 169/2; Hen. de,
iii, 88, 351 n, 407 u-g «, 418, 420;
Isabel de, iii, 335 /2 ; iv, 151/2-2/2;
Joan de, iii, 335 /2 ; Jno. de, iii,
335 w > Jordan de, iii, 39 n ; iv,
109/2, 113/2; Kath. de, iii, 335;
Marg. de, iii, 335 ; Margery
(Margot) de, iii, 398, 410 n ;
Matth. de, iii, 335 «, 357/2, 410 n ;
Maud de, iii, 335 ; Nich. de, iii,
335 n ; Parnell, iv, 158 n ; Randle,
iii, 331, 410; Rich, de, iii, 398,
407 «, 409 n-io n ; iv, 169 n ;
Rob. (de), iii, 335 n; iv, 158/2;
Sibyl de, iii, 335 ; Steph., iii,
410 n ; Thos. (de), iii, 39 «, 410 n ;
Will, de, iii, 69/2, 335 n ; fam., iii,

39, 321

Roades, Jno., see Rhodes ; Judy, v,
189

Roads, anc., iii, 41, 109, in, 387;
iv, 101, 106, 123, 303, 397; v,
222 ; Roman, iii, 305 ; iv, 57, 68,
132, 140, 142, 174, 177, 217, 259,
271, 273, 276, 323, 329, 376, 392 ;
v, 26, 58, 67, 94, 115, 188, 270

Roads, construction of, iv, 32,
181

Robberds, Jno. G., iv, 250

Robe(y), Lawr., iii, 385

Robert, Brother, iii, 118; ' le
Charter,' iii, 322 n ; of the Cross,
iii, 255, 282 n ; the Chanon, iii,
83 n ; the Chaplain, iii, 50/2-1 n ;
the Chaplain, Margery dau. of, iii,
262 n ; the Clerk, iii, 50 n, 200,
227, 263 n, 322 n, 396 ; iv, 388 ;
the Clerk, Margery dau. of, iii,
50 n ; the Dyer, iv, 243 n ; the
Falconer, v, 1 14 n ; the Fowler,
iii, 68 72 ; the Harper, iv, 6 ; the
Heir, iii, 87 n ; the Hunt, iii,
31 n; the Jew, iv, 74 n ; the King,
iii, 96 n ; the Mercer, iii, 358 72,
407 n; v, 21 n ; the Miller, iii,
142 n; the Mouner, iii, 125 ; the
Priest, iii, 62 n, 105 ; the Priest-
smock, see Thornton, Rob. ; the
Reeve, iv, 133 72, 135 n ; v, 206 n-
7 « ; the Smith, iii, 401 n ; iv,
98 #, 141 n ; the Tasker, iii, 78 n ;
the Tailor, iii, 197, 250/2, 256;
iv, 167/2, 318 #-19; the Taylor,
iii, 50 ; the Tunwright, iii, 296 n

Robert, fam., v, 147/2

Robert Hall, man., iv, 85 n

Robert meadow, iii, ion

Roberts, Chris., v, 136 n; Geo. F.,
iii, 340 ; Rich., iv, 185 ; Wenman,
see Coke

Roberts yorl, iii, ion

Robin of Garston, iii, 145 n

Robin, Toya, iii, 149

Robinfield, iii, 251 n

Robinson, Alice, v, 302 n ; Ellen,
iii, 76 n ; Geo., v, 303 n ; Sir
Geo., iii, 182; Hen., iii, 76/2;
Jas., iii, 135 n; v, 302 n; Jno..
iv, 1 53 n, 204 n ; Jno. H., v, 237 ;
Lawr., iv, 245 n ; Mary, iii, 247 n ;
Matth., iii, 386 ; Rev. Nich., iv,
66 n; Rich., iii, 247 n ; Rob., iv,
245 n ; Rog., iii, 93 n ; Sam., iv,
1 86; Thos., iii, 76 n

Roburite, manufacture of, iv, 89

Roby, iii, 16472, 168, 249 n, 387 72;
boro.,iii, 175 ; ch., iii, 176 ; Hall,
iii, 175-6; man., iii, 158, 161 72-
272, 175, 250, 265 ; mkt. and fair,
iii, 175, 250

Roby Mill, iv, 91

Roby, Agnes de, iii, 96 72, 99 n ; Jno.,
iv, 69 ; Marg., v, 23 ; Rog. de, iii,
96 72, 99 72 ; Will., iv, 115

Robye, Rob., iii, 15072

Roch, R., v, 56, 88, 128, 136, 187,
20 1, 206

Roch Valley, v, 222

Rochdale, iv, 171, 26072, 283; v,
in, 10372, 170, 187-201, 222 n;
adv., v, 196 ; Amen Corner, Great
House, v, 191-2, 212 n ; bailiwick,
v, 190 n-i 72; boro., v, 193, 202,
206 ; char., iv, 352 n ; v, 201 ;
ch., v, 65 72, 194, 200, 207 72, 234 ;
ind., v, 189; man., v, 190, 192,
20772, 222, 22672, 229-30; mkt.
and fairs, v, 191 n, 193 ; news-
papers, v, 190; Nonconf., v, 19872,
200; the Orchard, v, 191 ; pks.,
v, 193 ; parl. repr., v, 193 ; public
buildings, v, 193-4 ; rectory, v,
197 ; rds., iv, 181 n ; Rom. Cath.,
v, 200 ; sch., v, 200 ; vicarage, iv,
35872; v, 197; wap., v, 19072;
wards, v, 193

Rochdale Canal, iv, 181 72, 224, 271,
273; v, 115, 139, 201, 222;
reservoir, v, 213

Rochdale, baron of, see Byron,
baron

Roche, abbot of, iii, 223 72 ; v, 108 72 ;
Philip, v, 21372

Rochester, bp. of, Dr. Thos. L.
Claughton, see St. Albans, bp. of

Rochester, dean of, Sam. R. Hole,
iv, 280

Rockeley, Ellen de, v, 300 72 ; Hen.
de, v, 30072

Rockliffe, v, 206 72

Rode, Ralph del, v, 214 72 ; Rob. de,
iv, 80 72

Rodelache, iii, 19372

Rodelath, the, iii, 267 72

Rodelea carr, iv, 98 72

Rodelea pool, iv, 98 72

Rodenden, v, 40 72

Rodenhey, v, 262

Rodes, the, (Prestwich), v, 79 72

Rodes (Wardle), v, 225

Rodes, Rich, de, v, 91 72

Rodeston, Thos. de, iv, 349

Rodilache, iii, 266 72

Rodley carr, iv, 16672

Rodley, Anne, iv, 269 72 ; Emma,
iv, 20972; Hen., iv, 26972; Jno.,
iv, 20972; Marg., iv, 20972;
Ralph, iv, 269 72 ; Rob., iv, 209 72,
24672; Steph., iv, 24672, 256;
Will., iv, 20972, 24672; fam., iv,
269

Roebuck, Hen., iv, 13872; Thos.,

i", 391

Roe Green, iv, 376, 388 72, 390 72 ;
char., iv, 36272; Nonconf., iv,
392 ; sch., iv, 362

Roger, Id. of Harleton, iii, 275 72 ;
of the Cross, iii, 255 ; of the
Hurst, iii, 333 72 ; the Barker, iv,
20772, 2IO72, 37872, 39072; the
Barker, Cecily dau. of, iv, 21072;
the Carpenter, iii, 143 n ; iv, 133 72;
v, 17372; the Chaplain, iii, 127,
149 ; the Clerk, iv, 133 72 ; v, 12 72,
18372; see also Pendlebury and

INDEX

Roger (cant.}

Toxteth ; the Crowther, Margery

w. of, iv, 293 n ; the Flecher, iii,

263 n ; the Flecher^ Margery w.

of, iii, 263 n ; the Louerd, v, 254 n ;

the Miller, see Barwe, Rog. de ;

the Smith, iii, 40*1 n ; the Walker,

iii, 170 72, 176; the Ward, iii,

21672
Rogerley, Ellen, v, 302 n ; Geo., v,

302 n ; Marg., v, 235 n
Rogers, Chas., iii, 414 ; Rog., v,

42, 55; Will., v, 5572
Rogerson, Eliz., iv, 147 ; Jno. B.,

iv, 187; Rich., iv, 14772; Will.,

i", 93 ; iv, 349
Rogerstead, v, 1 1
Roger stone (Childwall), iii, 118
Rogger, Ad., v, 230 n
Rohel, Gilb. de, iii, 276
Rokeden, chap, and chant., iv, 136
Rokeden, Will, de, iv, 130 n
Rolaw, iii, 17472
Rolleston (Staffs.), iv, 290 ; man.,

iv, 237 72-8

Rolleston, Fran., iv, 144 n
Roman Catholics, iii, 19, 22, 28, 34,

40, 44, 74, 85, 90, 99, 117, 175,

208, 221, 225, 234, 236, 238-9,
257, 264, 275, 284, 291, 324, 328,

334, 340, 354, 362, 367, 37i, 376,
382, 386, 392, 394, 402, 421, 426,
43°, 434, 439, 445 5 iv, 50, 78, 83,
87, 9i, 97, 100, in, 122, 137, 140,
148, 150, 165, 170, 217, 222, 251,

254, 259, 262, 270, 273-5, 279,
281, 288, 293, 302, 309-10, 322,
326, 329, 335, 338, 351, 376, 392,
396 ; v, 9, 25, 34, 39, 56, 67, 75,
80, 107, 112, 115, 133, 136, 141,
150, 169, 174, 200, 213, 234, 251,

255, 262, 281

Roman remains and settlements, iii,
150, 305 n; iv, 57, 68, 92, 156,
174, 205, 330, 337; v, 188 ; see
also under Coins, and Roads

Romescrymoll, iii, 331

Romeshaw House, iv, 89 n

Romiley (Ches.), iv, 315-16

Rommes brook, iii, 145 n

Romsdale, iii, 5072

Roo, Ad. le, iii, 139; Cecily le, iii,
139; Margery le, iii, 139; Rich.,
see Ruffus ; see also Rufus

Roocroft, iv, 25 1 n, 254 n

Rooden, v, 79

Rooden Lane, v, 76, 80 ; ch., v, 79 ;
Nonconf., v, 79, 80

Roodland, v, 146 n

Rookes, Eliz., iv, 232, 296

Rooley, Roolowe, iii, 17372

Rooley Moor, v, 141, 206

Roos, Eleanor, v, 17572; Sir Jno.,
v, 175 n ; Mary, iv, 324 n ; Rob.,
iv, 324 n

Root, Hen., iv, 278 n

Rope making, iii, 261 ; iv, 23, 30,
323, 326

Roper, Alice, v, 37 n ; Dr., iii,
346 n

Rosacre, man., iii, 162 n

Rosbotham, Dav., iii, 347 n ; iv,
91 n

Roscoe, Alice, v, 268 n ; Baxter, v,
8 n, 287 n ; Ellen, v, 268 n ;
Helen(a), v, 8 n, 287 n ; (Sir) Hen.,
iv, 184; Ralph, v, 268 n ; Will.,
iii, 130; iv, 34-5, 5172, 352 n

Roscow, Baxter, see Roscoe ; Helen,
see Roscoe ; Jno., iv, 122

383

Rose, Hugh, iii, 17 ; Jno., iii, 21 72,
2772; Master, iii, 35772; Rich.,
iii, 3072, 10372; Will., iii, 2772,
98 72 ; fam., iii, 31 72

Roseacre, man., iii, 16272

Rosehill, v, 243

Resell, Harold, iv, 27772

Rosete clough, v, 220 72

Roskell, Rich., see Nottingham, bp.

Rosket, iv, 11972

Roskit brook, iv, 11872

Rosliffe, iv, 31672

Rossale, iv, 161 72

Rossall, iii, 233 ; sch., iv, 391 72

Rossendale (Spotland), see Brand-
wood

Rossendale, Forest of, v, 145, 150-1

Rossendale, Ad. de, iv, 336 72, 389 72
v, 116 72; Cecily de, iv, 33672
Geoff, de, iv, 336 72 ; Jno. de, iv
336 72 ; Marg. de, iv, 336 72
Margery de, v, 11672; Rob. de
iv, 336 72 ; fam., iv, 336

Rosson, Frances, iii, 301 ; Jno., iii,
301

Rostherne, iv, 380 72

Rostron, Lawr., v, 12872

Rosworm, — , iv, 21 ; Col., iv,
178-9, 189

Roter, Rich, le, iv, 138 72 ; Will, le,
iv, 13872

Rotherrakes, the, iii, 126

Rothwell, Mqs. de, iii, 28, 62, 64

Rothwell, Ad., v, 147 72 ; Edm., v,
14772; Edw., v, 123, 14772, 149;
Giles, v, 14272; Jas., iii, 62, 64 ;

V, 4, IOI 72, 26l72; Jno., V, 1272,

147 72 ; Judith, v, 240 72 ; Marg., v,
1272, 14772; Pet., v, 14772;
Ralph, v, 472; Rich., iii, 64; v,
1272, 24072, 248, 261 72 ; Rich. R.,
iii, 64 ; Rob., iv, 86 ; Thos., iii,
5872; v, 127, 14272, 279; Will.,
v, 4 ; fam., v, 142, 261

Roudicroft, iii, 38272

Rouditch, iii, 20972

Roughbank, v, 220

Roughead, the, iii, 393 72

Rougheyes, iv, 345

Rough Hurst, iv, 161 72

Rough Lee, v, 151

Roughley, Cecily, iii, 41072; Eliz.,
iii, 36072; Hen., iii, 360; Janet,
iii, 374 72 ; Percival, iii, 360 ;
Rich., iii, 36072-1 72, 41072 ; Rob.,
iii, 36172, 37472; Thos., iii, 360-
1 72, 374 72-5 « J fam., iii, 374

Roughsedge, Edw., iv, 4672 ; Horn-
by, v, 91 72 ; Rob. H., iv, 46

Rounds, the, (Haydock), iv, 13972

Roundthorn, v, 101 ; ch., v, 106

Rountree, Jas. P., iv, 335

Rous, Jordan le, see Ruffus

Routhesthorn, see Rawstorne

Routhwaite, iii, 209

Routhwaite, Thos. de, iii, 209

Rovington, see Rivington

Rowbottom, Jno., v, 9972 ; Rob., v,
24872

Rowdefields, v, 98

Rowe, Dav., iv, 322

Rowe Lache, iv, 393 72

Rowley, Thos., iv, 4372

Rowson, — , iii, 285 72 ; Jno., iii,
34872

Royds, Alb. H., v, 13772; Capt.
Clement, R.N., see Beswicke-
Royds ; Jas., v, 20772; Jno., v,
210; Susan E., v, 13772; fam.,
v, 20872, 210

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Rusholme, Hen. de, iv, 303 *» -
Rushton, — , iv, 34 5 Jno-> v> 74
Rushworth, Will de,v, 213 »

07-0, yi ", yt"> ,Ltn. «•

177, igin; char., v, 107^-8,

ch v, 105, 115; man'> v'f112'
119; Moss, v, 115; Nonconf., v,
68;n5; Old Hall, v, 113; Rom-

R0Cyton" Races, the, (political epi-
sode), v, 112 n

"TCTV*^

Rudaden, v, 41 n

Rudd, Thos., iv, 294

Rudde, Agnes, iv, 242 n ; Rob., iv,

241 n-2 »

Rudesind, fr., iv, 299 n
Rudgate, see Ridgate
Rudgatehurst, iv, 116
Rudge, Joan, iii, 73 .

Rudhall, A., v, 124 j. Abel, 111,415,
v 196 ; Abra., m, 242 ; iv, 59,
296,32!; v, 33, 7i, IS?; Jno-, v,
44,196,238; Thos., m, 242
Rudhurst, v, 21 8 »
Rudhurst, Andr. de, v, 21 7 » 5 Will.

de, v, 217 »
Rudswain, iii, 209 n
Ruff House, iv, 133
Rufford Hall, iii, I
Ruffus, Jordan, iv, 283 n;
iv, 341 n ; Rich., iv, 341 » >

Rufus?4Aubrey (Albreda), iii, 123 ;

Walter, iii, 123; Will,, in, 123
Ruggelev, Jno., see Menvale, abbot

of

Ruhlow, iv, 84 n

Ruhlow, Little, iv, 84 n

Ruholme, iii, 84 n

Rumney, —,111,268 n

Rumworth, iv, 210 n, 231 », 35? »>
364; v, i, 6, 7«, io«-ii,26-7,
235, 249, 296 n ; char., v, 5,
Lodge (reservoir), v, 6 ; man., v,

, (Burscough), IB,

RushyField (Newton), iv, 133*
Rushy Hills, iii, 201 » .
Rushylache (Pendleton), iv, 395 *
Rushy lache (Wigan), iv, ii3»

jssei, Ainituci, iii, 200,
Rob. de, see Cowdray ; will., m,
200 ; see also Cowdray
Russell, Ad., iv, 75 » 5

y^fefeSSM

I30»; Marg.,111, 178
Russell's cliffs, iv, 94 «
Russilache (Middleton), v, 177*
Russilache (Rainford), m, 383»
Rutand Clough, iv, 92 n
Rutende Brook, in, 201 n
Ruthall, Thos., Hi, 191 » m
Rutter, Jno., m, 375 »• 395 5 v> 234
Ruttor, Jno., v, 292 n
Ruycroft, Ad. de, m, 80 », 1 54
Ruyedishe, iv, 371 n
Ruyl, Amery, in, 321 «;
321 »; Rob., in, 321 »J
iii, 321 n

Ryan, Thos., iii, 92 »
Rycot, fam., in, I34«
Rycroft (Wigan), iv, oo »
Rycroft, Alice, iii, 17 5 £j%!£lj[!
Hen., iii, 228; see also Huyton,
Tno.,iv,ii8; Rog.,iv, 121 «-2«,
Thos., iv, 297; Will, iv, 122 n
Rydale, Jno. de, see Barton
Ryddegate,^ Ridgate

Rysshulme, *<?<? Rusholme
Ryve,Jas.,iii,4i2»; Rob., in, 413?

see also Reeve
Ryvington, see Rivington

Sabbath observance, iii, 102; iv,

17 199, 207 n
Sabines, Pet. Gomez, card. bp. of

the, iv,6i»
Sacheverell, Philippa, iv, 219",

221 n; Ralph, iv, 219 «, 221 «
Saddleworth (Yorks.), iv, 17 in; v,
178*, 188 ; chapelry, v, 187 ; ch.,
v, 65 «; Nonconf., v, 200 n; sch.,
iv, 352 »

Sadler, Jno., in, 67 ...
St. Albans, I stdk. of, m, 136
St. Albans, bp. of, Dr. Thos. L.

Claughton, iv, 124, 170 »
St. Asaph, bp. of, Hen., m, 378 n
St. Bees College, iv, I99«... .
St. David's, bp. of, Bern., m, 6 n
St. Domingo House, in, 20 n, 22
St. Domingo Pit, iii, 20
St. George, Howard, iv, 87
St. Helena, Dr. Piers C. Claughton,

bp. of, see Colombo, bp. of
St. Helens, iii, 34 1, 37*, 374 5 boro.,
iii, 354-5, 362, 371,. 3745 chant.,
iii 376 ; chap., m, 346, 374-6 ,
ch.. Hi, 3755 ind.,in,375;...nikL
and fairs, iii, 374 5 mines, in, 374,
409 n; Nonconf., iu, 374, 37?.;

pks., iii, 375 5 Rom; Cath'' V1'
367, 376; sch., iii, 361 n; wards,

Hill w \Jt. n*j * • ' *

de, v, 6«; Martin de v , 7»;
Maudde, v, 16311; Rich, de, v,

Runcorn, iii, 121 «, 3.87, 389«; j^'
9, 112 n; canal to, iv, 381; ferry,

iii, 140, 386 5 iv, H
Runcorn Gap, in, 121 n, 3»7
Runcorn Priory, iii, 394 5 see

Norton

Rundiefield, iv, 105 n
Rupa, Dorothea H. de, in, 165, 167
Rupert, Prince, iii, 5, ** ™?fc* 21

Rus,' 2Ad. ' le, 'see Monk Bretton,

prior of

RuscarmiU, iii, I51
Rushbearing, iv, 271, 276, 282, 293 ,

v, 19°, 213 , rnr_

Rushbrook, iv, 303 ; see also uoi

Brook

Rushfield Brook, iii, 322 » .

Rushford Bridge, see Longsight

Rush Hey, iii, 21 7 »

Rusholme, iv, 174, 178^, 235 «-&«,
254 », 276-7 n, 279, 288, 290 »,
292 «, 302-3, 307-8, 332 «, 337«,
383 ; House, iv, 303 n ; man., iv,
303 ; Nonconf., iv, 309 ; pks., iv,
303 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 309

Rusholme Brook, iv, 251
Rusholme Green, iv, 304 n

Rydings/Emmota de, iii, 216 ;

de, iii, 216

Ryecroft (Ashton), iv, 339

Ryecroft (Huyton), in, 161 n

Ryecroft, Ad. de, iv, 31 in

Rye Field, the, iv, 75 »

Rye hey (Huyton), in, 161 n

Rye hey (W. Derby), in, io»

Rye House Plot, iii, 196 ; iv, 26

Ryland, Nich. del, in, 4I8*

Rylands, Ryelands, v, 21 n

Rylands, Agnes de, v, 21 » , Alice,
v, 22 n; Cecily de, v, 220 «,
Diana, v, 22 «; Ellen de, J, 21 n ;
Hugh (de), v, 22 », 30 » ; Humph.,
v,22»j Jno. (de)>iv,229,333«-
4«- v 21, 220 n; Lawr.,v, 2i»;
Margery (de), iv, 82 «; v, 21 n-
2«; Maurice de, v, 21 »; Mrs.,
iv, 229; Nich.,v, 22 «; Pet., m,
7o7. v 22 «; Ralph, iv, 82 »; v,

O / > i . "p r»K H p

oo •« • "Rich dc v 21 # 5 Xv.uu. u.cj
v 2i'»; Thos.'de,v, 21 »; Thos.
H de,v,2i»; Thurstan,v,2i»;
Will, (de), v, 2in-2n; fam., v,

Ryle,-, iv, 198 «; Hen., iv, 200?
Rylondes, Jno., m, 436« '> Rob-> m»

Canal, iii, 377, 3»7 ', »v,

I *^2

St Helens and Sankey Canal, iii, 325
St. John of Jerusalem, see Hos-

pitallers Q

Stf Leonards lands, iii, I53«, *$8*f

161 «, 168

St. Mary('s) Croft, v, 199 «, 210
St Mary-land (Ormskirk), in, 263^
St. Mary's Land (Warrington), m,

3I4«

Stf Mary's Land (Wigan), iv, 92 n
St. Marystead, iii, 100 n
St. Michael on Wyre, in, 238 n
St. Michael's Hamlet, in, 41
St. Oswald's Well, iv, 132, 140 .
St. Paul's, dean of, Alex. Nowell, iv,

199 «; v, 160
Sakelcross, iv, 322 n

iv' 298 ; Alex, de, iii, 433 5 1V»
298; Alice, iii, 3DI *i 434 ».J
Amice de, iii, 433 5 Anne,, »'»
4^ ; Arth. de, iii, 432 J Cath.,
iii, 447 } Cecily de, v, 217 », 220 ;
Dulcia, iii, 433 5 Edm-> 1U» 433 ».»
Eliz., iii, 408 »; Ellen de, in,
432 ; Gilb. (de), iii, 432~3 ; Hanr
nah, iv,66«; Hawise de, m,
431 ; Hen. de, iii, 432-3 5 Jas- de>
iii, 432; Jane, iii, 433 J JoaV">
361 n; Jno. (de), m, 356«, 36i«,
421,432-3, 435 *;.v,24», 220 ,»,
227 » ; Marg. de, in, 432 ; Matth.
de,iii, 380 », 433; Maudde,m,
432 ; Oliver, iii, 36.1 n >

Rynyorde (movable fence), iii, 4«7

Rypshagh, iii, 33<> . ... jQ^
Rysin Bridge (Walton), in, 48 »
Rys'm Bridge (Manchester), iv,

324 n
Rysshefeld, iii, 33°

384

(de), iii, 423, 4335 .
361 «, 408 «; Sylvestra, m, 433 5
Thos! de,iv, i6o»; WilL (de),
iii, 431-4 »5 iv' l6ow; v,
220; fam., Hi, 36l> 448

INDEX

Salebury, Alsi de, v, 224 n ; Swain
de, v, 224 n

Salefield (Denton), iv, 316;*

Salefield Hey, iv, 218 n

Salefield under Pendleton, iv,
396 n

Salford, iii, 3 ; iv, 174-6, 179-80,
204-12 «, 215-17, 230 «, 235-6,
243 «, 245 u, 2OOtt-i«, 332 n,
367 «, 381, 399 n; adv., iv, 215 ;
boro., iv, 174, 184, 206-8, 217,
392, 397 >' bridges, iv, 204 ; Bull's
Hd. Inn, iv, 205 ; chap., iv, 178,
203 «~4 ; char., iv, 201 n~4, 208 n;
v, 107 n ; ch., iv, 204, 208 n,
215-16; corporation, iv, 369;
Docks, iv, 204-5 »' Domville
House, iv, 200 n ; Hall, iv, 209 n;
ind., iv, 205 ; man., iv, 174, 205,
289, 33°, 336, 344, 3935 v, 94,
1 08 ; mkt. and fairs, iv, 206,
208 n ; New Bailey, iv, 182, 201 »,

205 ; New Fleet, iv, 383 ; Non-
conf., iv, 216 ; pks., iv, 204-5,
208 ; parl. repr., iv, 208 ; races,
iv, 204 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 217, 251 ;
Rom. Cath. cath., iv, 204-5,
217 ; schs., iv, 185 ; sts. andrds.,
iv, 204-5 > Tn. Hall, iv, 205

Salford Bridge, iv, I75«, 178;
chap., iv, 175, 201, 234 n

Salford, hund. or wap., iii, I, 3, 69,
70, 265, 334, 414, 439-40; iv,
20, 57, 118, 171-3, 206, 231 «; v,
150, 245 ; courts, iv, 173 ; Idshp.,
iv, 171 ; serjeant or bailiff, iv,
J73» 397 '•> steward, iii, 69; iv,
173,206

Salford, Agnes de, iv, 209 n ; Alice
de, see Wakerley ; Ellen de, iv,
207 n ; Geoff, de, iv, 370 n ; v,
30 n ; Hen. de, iv, 200 n, 206 n ;
Jno. de, see Wakerley ; Litcock,
Litkoc, de, iv, 370 n ; v, 30 n ;
Rich, de, iv, 207 n ; Rob. de, iv,

206 n ; Thos. de, iv, 206 n, 209 «,
370 n ; Walt, de, iv, 209 n ; Will,
de, iv, 206 «, 209 n

Salisbury, earl of, iii, 243

Salisbury, mqs. of, iii, 15, 21, no,
112, 115, 118, 360; Mary
Frances, mchnss. of, iii, no

Salisbury, Anne, iii, 278 n ; Sir
Jno., iii, 162 n; Thos., iii, 136;
Ursula, iii, 162 n

Salley, Jno., v, 198 ; Rich., v, 198

Sallowe, Will, de, iii, 156^

Salmon, Jno., v, 50 n

Salt and salt-works, iii, 121, 140,
197

Salter, Geo., iii, 115 ; Jno., iv, 301

Salter Bridge, v, 145 n

Saltergate, iv, 310 «, 324 «

Saltersford Brook, iv, 81 n

Saltersgate, iv, 283 n, 291 n

Saltey, iv, 372 n ; Mill, iv, 373 n

Salteye, iv, 365 n

Salt Fields, iii, 222

Salthouse Moor, iv, 2, 5-8, 12

Saltley, v, 220 n

Salt lode (Cuerdley), iii, 394 n

Salton, Little, iii, 68 «

Saltonstall, Meriel, iv, 232

Salts, Alf, v, 234

Saluzzo, Boniface di, iii, 105 «

Salvation Army, iii, 22, 40, 98, 236,
284, 354, 362, 367, 392, 421; iv,
47, 250, 254, 262, 270, 273, 279,
288, 302, 338, 351; v, 39, 107,
133, 200, 212, 251

Salwick Hall, iii, 196 «

Samland, iv, 230 n

Samlesbury, man., iii, i6o#; iv,

93, 169
Samlesbury, Avina de, v, 266 ;

Cecily de, v, 266 #-7 ; Eliz. de,

iv, 92, 266 #-7 ; Margery de, v,

266 ; Dame Margery de, iii, 48 #;

Rich, de, iii, 329, 411 »; Rob.

de, iii, 323, 329, 332 «, 409 «;

Rog. de, iv, 1 18 n ; v, 260, 268 ;

Will, de, iii, 46 n ; v, 269 n ; Sir

Will, de, iv, 92
Sampson, Frances, iii, 434 ; Jno.,

iii, 434; Lewis W., iii, 345 ;

Thos., iv, 25 7 n
Samson, Will., iii, 359, 363
Samwell, Ant., iii, 164 «, 252;

Arth., iii, 109

Sanctuary, privilege of, iv, 175
Sand, the, (Sefton), iii, 90 n
Sand, Nich. del, iii, 27 n
Sandbach, man., iv, 21 in
Sandeland, iii, 17 n
Sandemanians, see Glassites
Sander Lane, iii, 197
Sanders, Lawr., v, 19 «
Sanderson, Edw., iii, 155 ; Jno., iv,

i8o«; Ralph, iv, 164 n; Will.,

iii, 449 n

Sandeveshurst, v, 21 n
Sandfield, iii, 17 »; Barn., iii, 6 »,

Sandfold, iv, 326

Sandford, Anne, iv, 67 «, 91 ; Dan.,

iv, 267 «; Ellen, iv, 267 »; Jno.,

iv, 339 «, 346 n ; Mary, iv, 267 « ;

Rob., iv, 267 n ; Sam., iv, 265 « ;

267 «, 274 n ; Theophilus, iv,

267 n

Sand Hills, iii, 39
Sandhills, Nonconf., iii, 95 n
Sandiford, iii, 192 n
Sandiford, Edw., v, 100 n ; Jno.,

iv, 346 n ; Ralph, iv, 346 n
Sandiforth, fam., iv, 257 n
Sandivall Gate, iv, 207 n
Sandstone quarries, iii, 1 14 ; iv,

83

Sandwath Brook, iii, 209 n
Sandycroft, iii, 259 n
Sandyford (Dalton), iv, 98 «
Sandyford (Halsall), iii, 201 n
Sandyford (Prestwich), v, 81 n
Sandyford (Winstanley), iv, 87 n
Sandy well, iv, 203 «, 209 n
Sankey, Great, iii, 31 «, 34i-2#,

409, 4i2«; chap., iii, 346, 410;

chapelry, iii, 341 ; char., iii, 348 ;

House, iii, 323 n ; man., iii, 406 «,

409; Nonconf., iii, 413 n
Sankey, Little, iii, 316, 320^;

man., iii, 323
Sankey, mill of, iii, 409 n
Sankey Brook, iii, 305, 316, 325,

355,377,409; iv, 122, 132, 137,

142 ; navig. of, iv, 30
Sankey Canal, iii, 374, 409, 411 ;

iv, 140

Sankey Viaduct, iii, 325
Sankey, Ad. de, iii, 323 n ; Agnes

de, iii, 395 n ; Anne, iii, 323 n ;

Cecily de, iii, 323 « ; Edw., iii,

323 ; Emma de, iii, 323 n ; Fran.,

iii, 323 n; Gerard de, iii, 323 ;

Hen. de, iii, 36 «; iv, 155 ;

Jordan de, iii, 177, 323 « ; Lawr.,

iii, 323 n ; Marg. de, iii, 303 ;

Margery de, iv, 155, 162 n ; Mary,

iii, 394 n ; Randle, iii, 323 ;

385

Sankey (cont.)

Rich, de, iii, 303; Rob. de, iii, 36 «,
43, 177, i82«, 323 «; iv, 80 n,
I54«~5, i59«; Rog. (de), iii,
36 «, 264 n, 275, 323 n, 411:
Thos., iii, 323; iv, 80 n ; Will.
(de), iii, 310, 323 n, 395 »J iv, 141 «,
151 n, 154 »~5, 162 «; fam., iii,
285

Sapieha, Prince, iii, 407 ; Eustace,
iii, 233

Sapieha, Mary, Princess, iii, 233,

391
Sar', Agnes de, v, 1 1 2 n ; Alice de,

v, ii2«; Cecily de, v, 112 «
Saracen, Ralph, iii, 131
SaughaL Massie, iii, 159
Saunders, Zacharias, v, 239
Saunderson, Ellis, v, 239
Saunpete, Will., iv, 331 n
Savage, Dulcia, Dowse, iii, 405 n ;

Elizabeth, iv, 385 ; Ellen, iii,

69 n ; iv, 125; Jno., iv, 310 n;

Sir Jno., iii, 69 «, 73, 219, 405 n ;

iv, 285 «; v, 289 n ; Margery,

iv, 3 low; Penelope, see Rivers,

ctss. ; Rich., see Rivers, earl
Savile, Anne, v, 192 n ; Sir Hen.,

v, 192 «, 209 «, 215 n, 230; Isabel

de, v, 192 n ; Jno., v, 232 n ;

Sir Jno., v, 191 »-2«, 213, 230;

Rob., v, 192 «, 204 #, 209 »,

2i5«/228#; Thos., v, 192 #,

230 n ; fam., v, 229
Savoy, Amadeus de, iv, 324 n
Savoy Hospital (Lond.), iii, ion,

125 ; iv, 130 n ; v, 6, 285 «
Sawley, iii, 232
Sawley Abbey, iii, 230 n ; iv, 61 n ;

v, 2ii ; abbot, iii, 223 n ; monks,

iii, 230-1

Scaffold Lane, iii, 79
Scaifreschage, Will, de, iii, 99 n
Scaitcliffe, v, 232
Scaithlache, iv, 377 n
Scakerdale Brook, iii, 250 »
Scakersdale, iii, 250 n
Scakersdalehead Brook, iii, 255 n
Scalelands, iii, 48 n
Scales, iii, 13 n
Scales, Andr., iii, 384 n
Scaling, the, (Halsall), iii, 199 n
Scallard, Steph., v, I3O«
Scargill, Joan de, iii, 395 n ; Will.

de, iii, 395 n
Scarisbrick, iii, 196 n, 232, 238-9,

243, 265 ; Bridge, iii, 234 n ;

chap., iii, 275 ; char., iii, 246 «,

248 n ; ch., iii, 275 ; crosses, iii,

265 ; Hall, iii, 239 «, 265, 268 «-
9; man., iii, 196, 250 «, 265,
273 n ; Rom. Cath., iii, 275

Scarisbrick, Id. of, iii, 260 «, 262
Scarisbrick, Ad. de, iii, 266 n ;
Agnes (de), iii, 267, 270 « ;
Ann(e), iii, 204, 268-9 >' Ant., iii,
268 ; Basil T., see Eccleston ;
Chas., iii, 191 n, 233, 256 ;
Chas. D., iii, 269 ; Dorothy, iii,
268 ; Edw., iii, 244, 264 n, 268-9,
273-4, 300 ; iv, 165 n ; Eleanor(a)
de, iii, 231, 266, 269-70 n; Eliza
M., see Casteja, mchnss. de ;
Eliz., iii, 267, 269, 271 «, 278,
405 n ; Ellen de, iii, 266 ; Emline,
iii, 273 n ; Frances, iii, 269 ;
Fran., iii, 268-9 >' Gilb. de, iii,
68 n, 198^, 206, 231, 265-8 «,
270 «, 275 n ; Godith de, iii,

266 n ; Gowther, iii, 278 n :

49

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Scarisbrick (cont.)

Hector, see Burscough, prior of ;
Hen. (de), iii, 88, 173^, 194,
198;*, 203 «, 231-2, 263 n, 266-
70, 272 ; iv, 84 n ; Sir Hen. de,
iii, 266, 293 ; Isabel de, iii, 173 «,
231, 266-7, 293 ; Jas. (de), iii,
194 n, 206, 263 «, 267-9, 273 «,
278, 293-4, 298 n ; Jane, iii,
268 n ; Janet, iii, 267 n ; Joan
de, iii, 198, 232, 266 ; Jno., iii,
259 «; Jos., iii, 269, 271 «, 365 ;
Kath. de, iii, 267 ; Marg. (de),
iii, 267-8, 278, 405 n -, Margery
de, iii, 266 n~7, 275 n ; Marie
A. L. A., iii, 270 ; Marie E. A.
de B., see Casteja, count de ;
Mary, iii, 204 ; Maud (de), iii,
266 «, 268 n ; Quenilda de, iii,
266 n, 275 n ; Rich, de, iii, 193 n,
198, 266 n, 299 n ; Rob., iii, 240,
269, 289, 291 ; Rog., iii, 247 n ;
Sim. de, iii, 266 n; Thos., iii, 43,
206, 263 n, 267-70, 365 ; Thos.
E., iii, 269, 365 ; Walt, de, iii,
265-6, 270, 272, 274 #-5 ; Will.,
iii, 267 n, 269, 271 n, 273 ; fam.,
iii, 239, 275

Scarisbrook, Anne, v, 297 n

Scarsdale, Nath. Curzon, Ld., v,
167 n

Scarseriweige, Rich, le, iii, 348 n ;
Rob. le, iii, 348 n

Scarth, iii, 250 #, 255 », 269 n\
moor, iii, 251 n

Scathkeresdale, iii, 255 «; brook of,
iii, 25 5 n

Scaythelache, iv, 388 n

Sceryswerz (?de Erbery or Deres-
bery), Rob., iv, 1697*

Schofield, see Scholefield

Schofield, Edw., v, 205 n ; Hen., v,
205 n ; Jas., v, 224 ; Rich., v,
205 ; Thos., v, 5 n ; Vane
(Evan), 151 n; see Scofield

Scholecroft, Little, iv, 389 »

Scholefield (Butterworth), v, 217;
Hall, v, 218

Scholefield (Culcheth), iv, 156

Scholefield, Little, iv, 82 n

Scholefield, Abra., v, 220 n ; Ad. de,
v, 217-18 n; Alex., v, 218 n,
225 n ; Ant., iv, 308 n ; Arth., v,
218 n, 220 n; Berlin, v, 215 n ;
Cuth., iii, I27«; v, now, 214 n-
15 «, 218; Denis de, v, 218 n;
Gerard, v, 217-18, 221 #; Hen.
(de), v, 94, 108-9, I37«, 2I5«,
218, 220 n ; Hugh (de), v, 109 «,
218, 220 n ; Isabel, v, 220 n ;
Jacob, v, 220 n ; Jas., v, 209 n,
218, 220 n; Jane, v, 220 n ;
Jno. de, v, 137 n, 217-18, 220 n;
Jonathan, v, 140 n; Marg. (de),
v, 176 n, 218 «, 220 n; Nich.de,
v, 218 n ; Radcliffe, v, I79«,
218, 231 n ; Ralph de, v, 218 n ;
Rich, de, v, 217-18 n; Thos., v,
148; Will, de, v, 217- 18«;
fam., v, 147 «, 220 ; see Schol-
field

Scholes (Eccleston), iii, 359 \n, 362,
365 ; Hall, iii, 366 n; man., iii, 86 n,
365 n ; Rom. Cath., iii, 71, 367

Scholes (Sefton), iii, 79

Scholes (Wigan), iv, 68, 74 n, 82 n ;
ch., iv, 77 ; man.-house, iv,
75 #; Rom. Cath., iv, 78; spa,
iv, 70

Scholes Height, v, 143

Scholes, Ad. de, iv, 74 n ; Eliz., iv,
202 ; Hugh (de), iv, 200 n, 332 » ;
Jas., iii, 418; iv, 267 n ; v,
121 n; Jas. C., v, 237 ; Jeremy,
iv, 334 «; Jno., v, 121 n; Rich.
(de), iv, 74 »; v, I2in; Sam.,
v, 107 «; Will., v, 121 n; fam.,
v, 121

Scholfield, Alex., v, 211 n ; Emma,
v, 211 n ; Jas. R., v, 212 ; Mary,
v, 189 ; see Scholefield

School Croft, iii, 76

Schoolcroft, Anne, v, 38 n ; Hen.,
v, 38 ; see Scolecroft

School Hill, v, 25 1

Schools, iii, 22, 184, 1 88, 195, 229,
235, 238, 314, 328, 347, 392,
395, 413, 421, 439, 449J iv, 14,
35, 53-6, 78, 97, 115, 130-1 n,
181, 184-5, 201, 237 w, 293, 362;
v, 92, 107, 201 n, 222,244,251,
289, 294, 303

Schukedale, Will, de, iii, 112

Sclater, Sir Hen., iii, 434 ; Mary,
iii, 434 ; Thos., iii, 434

Scofield, Abdy, iv, 266 n ; Jas., v,
189 ; see Schofield

Scolecroft, Ad. de, v, 121 #; Alan
de, v, 121 n ; Gilb. de, v, 71 n ;
v, 121 ; Margery de, v, 121 «;
Rich, de, v, 71 #, 121 ; Rob. de,
v, 121 n ; Will, de, v, 121 n ; see
Schoolcroft

Scolefede, Jno., v, 156

Scorton, sch., iii, 107 n

Scotland (Manchester), iv, I77«,
272 n

Scot Lane End, v, 299

Scott, Agnes, iv, 82 n ; Alice, iv,
82 «; v, 55 n ; A. J., iv, 184;
Cuth., iv, 82 n ; see also Chester,
bp. of ; Eliz., iv, 82 «, 94 n ;
Ellen, iv, 82 n ; Geo. L., iv, 81 «,
385 n; Gilb., iv, 82, 94 n ; v,
56 n; (Sir) G. Gilb., iii, 18 ; iv,
52, 189; Hugh, iv, 82; v, 55 n-
6 n ; Jeffrey, iv, 70 n ; Joan, iv,
82 n; Jno., iv, 70 n; Marg., iv,
82 n; v, 56 n; Ralph, iv, 65,
82 «; Rich., iv, 82 n; v, 5i«,
56 n; Rog., iv, 75 «, 82 n; v,
56 «; Thos., iv, 77; Thurstan,
iii, 362 ; Will., iv, 70 n; fam., iv,

75

Scout Moor, v, 141 ; Brook, v, 141
Scowcroft, v, 121 n
Scraplache, iv, n 8 n
Scrapps, iv, n8«
Scraps, the Great, iv, 121 n
Scrope, Ld., Geoff., iv, 324 n ;

Hen., iv, 324 n ; Jno., iv, 324 n ;

Thos., iv, 324 n
Scrope, Alice, iv, 324 n ; Anna C.,

iii, 338 ; Geoff, le, iii, 1 29 n ;

Sim., iii, 338 ; Steph., iv,

324 «

Scrope-Grosvenor trial, v, 288 n
Scultecroft, iii, 192^
Scurwen, Sir Hen., iii, 312
Scythy Fields, iv, 364
Sea, incursions of the, iii, 45, 49,

121, 226

Seacome, Jno., iii, 21 «
Seaforth, iii, 58, 91, 95, 98; iv,

38 ; ch., iii, 98 ; House, iii, 98 ;

Nonconf., iii, 98 ; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 98 ; Seafield House, iii, 98
Seatle, Rob., v, 233
Seaton, Sir Jno., iii, 306 n ; v,

244

386

Secome, Jno., iii, 212 n; Kath.,
iii, 212 n ; Ralph, iii, 212 n

Sedbergh, sch., v, 264 n

Seddall, Thos., iv, 361 «

Seddon, Ad., v, 41 «; Arth., v,
41 n ; Cecily, v, 41 ; Eliz., v, 41 ;
Felix J. V., iv, 393 ; Geo., v, 5 n;
Giles, v, 41 ; Jas., iv, 45 ; Joan,
V, 40-1 ; Jno., iii, 307 ; iv,
250; v, 25, 41 «, 263 ; Kath., v,
41 n; Oliver, v, 41 n ; Pet., iv,
209 n; v, 41, gin; Ralph, v,
41 ; Rich., v, 35, 40-1 ; Rich.
J., iii, 362 ; Rob., iii, 225 ; iv,
278 n; v, gin, 251 ; Rog., iii,
449 ; Thos., iii, 298, 362 ; iv,
334J v, 41, 242 «; Will., v,
41 n ; fam., v, 91

Sedgeley, v, 79 ; Hall, v, 79 ; Hall
Farm, v, 76

Sedgeley Park, v, 76

Sedgwick, Edw., iii, 438-9 ; iv,
87 j v, 45 ; Rog., iv, 202 ; v,
54 n

Sedley, Will., v, 8in ; Sir Will.,
iv, 263 n

Seedley, iv, 392 ; Rom. Cath., iv,
396

Seel, Alice, iii, 172; Frances, iii,
84, 172; Marg., iii, 172; Sam.,
iii, 172 n; Thos., iii, 84, I72«,

174-5

Se*es, abbey, iii, 6, 13, 21, 23, 49,
104, 109, 141

Sefton, iii, i, 2, 5, 51, 58-67, 74-5,
99 ; adv., iii, 62, 68 n ; Ancient
and Loyal (Mock) Corporation,
iii, 61, 67 ; chants., iii, 65, 78 ;
char., iii, 65; ch., iii, 59, 70 «,
94, 203 », 223; iv, 139; Dam
House, iii, 217 n ; The Grange,
iii, 66 ; Hall, iii, 16 ; halmote,
iii, 75 n ; man., iii, 6, 54, 67, 75, 95,
101, 212 n; Mills, iii, 59, 66;
Nonconf., iii, 65 ; Punch Bowl
Inn, iii, 675 Rom. Cath., iii, 65,

74

Sefton, Little, iii, 68 n

Sefton Park, iii, 40-1 ; iv, 40

Sefton Town, iii, 66

Sefton, Ids. of, iii, 58, 77, 96

Sefton, Baron, iii, 67, 72

Sefton, ctss. of, Cecil E. H., iii, 73 ;
Helena M., iii, 73 ; Isabella, iii,
71, 73 ; Maria M., iii, 73 ; Mary
A., iii, 73; v, 171 n

Sefton, earl of, (Ld.), iii, n n, 15,
19, 42-3, 54-6, 67, 69 n, 74, 78,
83, 154, 181-2, 225, 298-9; iv,
24, 173 ; Chas. W., ist, iii, 71, 73 ;
Chas. W., 3rd, iii, 72-3 ; v,
171 n; Chas. W. H., iii, 72-3;
Osbert C., iii, 72-3; Will. P.,
2nd., iii, 72-3 ; Will. P., 4th, iii,

72-3

Sefton, Ad. de, iii, 201 n, 210;
Award de, iii, 210; Hen. de, ii^
79; iv, 102, 1 1 8-20 n ; v, 20-1;
Rich, de, iii, 74 «, 83 «; Thos.,
iii, 284 ; Will, de, iii, 210 ; fam.,

iii, 75, 356 n
Sefton's Estate, iv, 67 n
Segar, Jane, iii, nn; Jno., iii,

187 «; Sarah, iii, 247 w
Segini del God, Will., see Sygyn
Segrave, Nich. de, v, 245 n
Sekeneld, the, iii, 380 n
SekynhuLlacre, iii, 380 n
Selby, Anne, iii, 233; Thos., iii,

233

INDEX

Selerfield, iii, 263 n

Selfort, iv, 143 n

Selfull Lache, v, 207 n

Seliock, Rich., iii, 107 n

Selkirk, Jos., v, 180

Semple, Ld., v, 34 n ; Hugh, v,

I37« ; Sarah Lady, v, 137 n
Senecarr, iii, 193 n
Senekar Syke, iii, 272 n
Seneley Green, iv, 142
Senington (? Shevington), Rob. de,

iv, 99 n ; Will, de, iv, 99 n
Sephton, see Sefton
Sephton, Jno., iii, 254 ; Rich., iii,

275
Sergeant, Marg., v, 88 ; Pet., v,

gin; Thos., iii, 416 ; Will., iii,

150 «, 359#; fam., v, 91; see

Serjeant
Serjeant, Hen., iii, 361 », 433 ;

iv, 134 n; Joan, iii, 361 n, 433;

v, 52 n; Jno., iv, 133 n- 4«,

168 n; Marg., iv, 134 n ; Pet.,

iii, 432-3; iv, 134»; Thos., iii,

433; iv, 134^-5, 166 n; Will.,

iii, 432-3; iv, 1 34 #-5; fam., iv,

133 ; see Sergeant
Sete Knots, iii, 50 n
Seth Radcliffe, iii, 430 n
Seuedhill, Alan de, iii, 201 n
Sevenlows, iv, 368 n
Seven Thorns Well, iv, 279 n
Several, the, (Aspull), iv, 121 n
Seveton, Alice de, iv, 102 n; Hen.

de, iv, 1 02 n
Sewall, Nich., iii, 367
Sewardsgate, iii, 172^
Sewell, Sir Jno., iii, 346 n; Sam.,

iii, 345-6
Seymour, Charlotte A., v, 275 n ;

Edw. W., v, 275 n
Seynsbury, Thos. de, iii, 228
Seys, Nesta, Nigella, iii, 298 ; Owen,

iii, 298

Seyton, Rog. de, iii, 87 n
Seyvell, fam., v, 203
Shacklady, Rich., iii, 263 n ;

Roland, iii, 263 n
Shacklcck, Ad., iv, 268 n ; Dan., iv,

268 n ; Edw., iv, 268 n, v, 1 14 n ;

Eliz., iv, 268 n ; Ellis, iv, 268 n ;

Hen., iv, 268 n ; Hugh, iv, 268 n ;

Jno., iv, 268 «, 274 n ; Marg., iv,

268 n ; Mary, iv, 268 n ; Oswald,

iv, 268 n ; Rich., iv, 266 n, 268 n ;

Rob., iv, 265 n, 268 ; Thos., iv,

268

Shacklock Green, see Shakerley
Shackshots, iv, 131 n
Shadhouse, iii, 296 n
Shadwell, Julius, v, 140
Shagh, Jas., iii, 272 ; Will., iii,

272
Shakerley, iii, 439, 441 «, 444;

Hall, iii, 444 ; see also Tyldesley

with Shakerley
Shakerley-cum-Tyldesley, man., iii,

444 n

Shakerley Green, iv, 265, 268
Shakerley, Ad. de, iii, 444 ; Anne,

iii, 280, 444 n; iv, 121 n; v,

22 «; Chas. B., iii, 443; Chas.

P., iii, 444; Chris., iv, i2O«;

Eliz., iii, 378 n, 444; Ellen, iii,

246 n ; Geoff, (de), iii, 440-1 «,

444; iv, 316 n; v, 22 «, 73 «;

Hen. (de), iii, 378 «, 441 n, 444 ;

Hugh, iii, 448 n ; Isabel (de), iii,

280 n; iv, 316 «; Marg. (de), iii,

444 n, 448 n ; iv, 378 n ; v, 30 n ;

Shakerley (cont?)
Pet., iii, 441 «, 444; v, 22 «, 33,
187 n; Rob. (de), iii, 280, 378 n,
444 ; Thos., iii, 280 n ; Will, (de),
iii, 378 n; iv, 378 n ; v, 30 n

Shakers, the, (sect), iv, 183

Shakespear, Edw., iii, 229

Shalcross, Anne, iv, 328 n; Rich.,
iv, 328 », 346 ; see also Shallcross

Shaldford, Thos. de, iii, 366 n

Shalford, see Salford

Shalinghead, iii, 383 n

Shallcross, Anne, iv, 240 n ; Rich.,
iv, 240 n ; see also Shalcross

Sharpen Lee, v, 7 n

Sharpies, iv, 312 «, 371 «, 397 «;
v, 7«, i3»-i4«, 19 «, 62, 235,
249, 25 1-2, 260, 273, 286 ; ch.,
v, 262 ; Hall, v, 14 », 261 ; man.,
iv, 313 «; v, 14 «, 260; mills, v,
260 ; Nonconf., v, 262 ; Rom.
Cath., v, 262

Sharpies, Ad. de, v, 260 ; Alex.,
v, 259 «, 261 n ; Anne, v, 261 n ;
Cath., iii, 239 n; Jno. de, v,
261 n ; Jordan de, v, 261 ; Mabel
de, v, 2.6m ; Margery, v, 262 n ;
Maud de, v, 261 n ; Quenilda de,
v, 260 n- 1 n ; Randle de, v,
260 n ; Rich., v, 261 n ; Rob.
(de), v, 19 n, 260 n-2; Rog.de,
v, 260 n- 1, 268 n; Thos., v,
262 n; Will, de, 255 n, 261 n;
fam., v, 260

Sharrock, — , iii, ion ; Thos., iii,
247 n

Shaw (Crompton), v, 108, 1 1 1 ;
chap., v, 8«, 105-6, in;
Nonconf., v, 111-12, 115

Shaw, the, (Culcheth), iv, 164

Shaw (Flixton), v, 46-7, 54 n ;
Hall, iii, 448; v, 46, 49, 50;
man., v, 48-50 n

Shaw (Wardle), v, 225

Shaw brook, iii, 363 n

Shaw Head, iv, 324 n

Shaw Lane, iii, 354

Shaw Moss, iv, i63«

Shaw Place, v, 8

Shaw Side, v, 108

Shaw, Ad. (del), iv, 131 n, 164 #;
Agnes (de or del), iii, 333 ; iv,
I39#; Alan del, iii, 335 «;
Alex, de, v, 1 1 1 n ; Alice, iv,
122 n; v, 114 n ; Edm., v, 293 ;
Elina del, iii, 272 n ; Eliz., v,
8 n, 287 n ; Emmota, iii, 400 ;
Gabriel, iii, 285, 294 ; Geo., v,
243, 295 ; Gilb. del, iii, 272 ;
Hamnet, iii, 311 n; Hawise del,
iv, 139 n; Hen. (de), iv, 45, 97 ;
v, m«; Hugh (del), iii, 259 n,
272; iv, 164 «; Isabel del, iii,
272 ; Jas. del, iii, 272 ; Jno. (de
or del), iii, 20 «, 270-2, 333; iv,
164 n; v, 8«, ion, 21 in, 243,
287 n, 289 «, 291 n, 295 n ; Lawr.,
v, 295 n ; Leon., v, 64-5 ; Marg.
de, v, I78w; Margery de, iii,
270, 393 n ; Mary, v, 53 «, 65 n ;
Maud, iii, 272 ; Mich, de (la), v,
2ii«, 225«-6«; Norman, iv,
52; Oliver, v, 11472; Pet., iv,
I99«, 297; v, 66-7,126, 303;
Quenilda del, iii, 266 n, 272;
Rich, (de or del), iii, 266 n, 389 n,
393 J v, 5 n ; Rob (del), iii, 272 n ;
iv, 393 « ; v, 287 n, 295 n ; Rog.
(de), iii, 246 «, 270, 303 n ; Sarah,
iii, 401 n ; Sim. del, iii, 266 n,

387

Shaw (cont.}

272, 275 n; Steph., v, 130 n ;
Thos. (de or del), iii, 20-1, 272,
400-1 ; iv, 122 n, 131 «, 139 n :
v, 53 «, in n, I37«, 295 H, 303 ;
Walt, del, iii, 266 n; Will., iii,
254 ; iv, 98 n, 348 ; fam., iii,
272 ; iv, 164 ; v, 114

Shawcross, Kath., iv, 343 n ; Rich.,

iv, 343 »

Shawe, Geo., v, 293 ; Sam., iii,
312 ; Thos., iii, 272

Shawfoot, iv, 207 n

Shawforth, v, 206

Shawtown, v, 46, 49 n

Shea Brook, iii, 35 1 n

Sheep how, iii, 50 n

Sheepshanks, Jno., see Norwich,
bp. of

Sheepwashes, see Waterloo (Old-
ham)

Sheldon, Rich. V., iii, 245

Sheldrake, Will., v, 273

Sheldreslow, Thos. de, iv, 303 n

Shelley, Ant., iii, 280

Shelmerdine, Dan., iv, 202 ; Edw.,
iv, 303 n ; Jno., iv, 288 n ; Ralph,
iv, 277 n ; Thos., iv, 280 n

Shelton, Rog. de, iii, 343 n

Shene, Carthusians of, iii, 104 n

Shepard, Jas., v, 214 «; Jane, v,
214 n

Shepherd, Agnes, v, 226 n ; Edw.,
iv, 264 n ; Eliz., iv, 264 n ; Ellen,
v, 302 n ; Hen., iv, 262 n, 264 n ;
Jno., v, 302 n ; Mary, v, 201 ;
Rich., v, 230 n ; Rob., iii, 74 ; v,
128 n ; Rog., v, 302 « ; Thurstan,
v, 302 «; Will., iii, 117, 200;
»v, 34

Shepley, iv, 338 n-g, 345-6

Shepley, Jno., iv, 346 n ; Pet., iv,
345 n ; Rich., iv, 346 n ; Rob., iv,
323 n ; Thos. (de), iv, 345 n-6 n ;
Will., iv, 346 n

Sheppard, Marg., iii, 90 n ; Sam., v,
9; Will., iii, 39 «, 54

Sherburn Hospital (Durham), v, 264

Sherdes, Alice, iii, 8i»; Rog., iii,
Sin

Sherdley, iii, 355, 361 ; Hall, iii, 361

Sherdley Hall estate, iii, 191 n

Sherdley, Hen. de, iii, 361 n ; Jno.
de, iii, 358 n, 361 ; Ralph (de),
iii, 220, 361 «, 386 ; Rich, de, iii,

361 n ; Thos. de, iii, 361 n ; Will.,
iii, 361 n; see also Northale

Sheriffacres, the, iv, 2

Sherington, Awdrey, iii, 441 ;

Bennet, iii, 441 ; Eliz., v, 204 n ;

Fran., iii, 425, 429, 441 ; iv, 88 «,

90 n, 383 n; Geoff., iv, 94 n;

Gilb., iii, 429, 441 ; iv, gon, 1 18 «,

362 n, 383 #-4, 390 n ; v, 204 n ;
Hester, iv, 384 n ; Jno., iv, 383 n;
Kath., iv, 90 n ; Sarah, iv, 384 n ;
Susan, iv, 384 n ; Will., iii, 429 ;
iv, 384 ; v, 204 n

Sherlock, Rich., iii, 371 n ; iv, 125,
128, 130 «, 362 n ; v, 52 n ; Will.,
iii, 149, 391

Sherman, Hen., iii, 161 n

Sherock, Thos., v, 105

Sherualakes, Walt, de, iii, 27 n

Sherwind, iv, 345

Shevington, iii, 136; iv, 76, roo n

Shevington, Thos. de, iii, 142 #-3 «,
223 n

Shiffner, Eliz., Lady, iv, 170

Shillingbottom, v, 145

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Ship-money, levy of, 1634, iv, 20,

263

Shippen, Will., iv, 135 n
Shipper-bottom, v, 141-2
Shipping, iv, 9, 14, 16, 18, 23, 27,

32, 35, 37-8

Shipplebottom, Jno., v, 149 n
Shippobottom, Jas., v, 281 n
Shipponley, iv, 241 n
Shipton, Abigail, v, 12 n; Eliz., v,

12 72 ; Sam.,v, 12 ; Thos., iv, 362 n
Shipwalbottom, see Shipperbottom
Shipwalbottom, Ad. de, v, 14272;

Rich, de, v, i42«
Shireburne, Alice de, v, 246 ; Eliz.,

v, 246 ; Jno., iv, 128 n ; v, 125 ;

Rich., iii, 195 n ; v, 246, 248 n,

301 n ; Sir R:ch., v, 247 n ; Rob.

(de), iii, 47 n ; v, 247 n ; Sir Rob.

de, iii, 46 n; v, 246
Shire Lane Moss, iii, 79
Shirewalacres, see Shurlacres
Shirleys Hill, see Corner Hill
Shishaw Bank, iii, 383 n
Shitefaldest Clough, iv, 271 n
Shittersiche, iii, 358 n
Shoe Broad, iv, 364
Shokes, Ellen, iv, 206 «
Shollebent, see Chowbent
Sholver, iv, 202 n, 259 n ; v, 93-4,

101 ; Moor, v, 98 n
Sholver, Andr. de, v, 101 « ; Matth.

de, iv, 200 n ; v, 72
Sholy Wyke, iii, 224 n
Shools worth, iv, 403 n
Shooters Brook, iv, 177 72, 182, 222,

240, 25272, 271

Shootersbrook (estate), iv, 241 n
Shore, v, 228 ; ch., v, 234
Shore Moor, v, 208
Shore, Alex, de la, v, 228 n ; Jane,

iv, 403 ; Marg. del, v, 226 n ;

Margery, v, 229 n ; Nich. de la, v,

228 72 ; Ralph, v, 228 n ; Rob. del,

v, 226 n ; Rog. del, v, 228 n ;

Thos., v, 22872-972
Shoresworth, iv, 211-1272, 403;

Brook, iv, 395 n, 403 n ; man., iv,

397

Shoresworth, Ad. de, iv, 398 n,
404 n; Alex, de, iv, 311-1272,
315 n ; Cecily de, iv, 311, 324 n;
Emma de, iii, 422 ; Geoff, de, iv,
311 72 ; Hugh de, iv, 404 n ; Jno.
de, iv, 377 72, 404 n ; Marg. de, iv,
311-1272, 39572, 404 n; v, Sin,
261 ; Margery de, iv, 377 n, 404 n;
Rob. de, iii, 422; iv, 311-1272,
324 72, 377 n, 404 n; v, 12;
Thurstan de, iv, 311-12, 395 n ;
Will, de, iv, 311, 315 n

Shornington, Alice de, iii, 254 n ;
Will, de, iii, 254 n

Shorrock, Geo., v, 302 n

Short, Jenet, iii, 145 » ; Stene, iii,

H5 »

Shortbranderth, iii, 161 n
Shortdale, iii, 48 n
Shotbriggate, iii, 325 n
Shotwell, brook, iii, 363 n
Shotwick, iii, 15972
Shotycroft, iii, 430
Showebrode, v, 79 n
Showley, iii, 281
Showrick Side, iii, 222
Shrewsbury Abbey, iii, 6, 7, 121,

328,332; iv, 13372; monks, iii,

6, 121
Shrewsbury, abbot of, iii, 6, 310,

332 ; Ralph, iii, 332

Shrewsbury, earls of, iii, 1 79 n
Shrewsbury, Ralph de, see Bath

and Wells, bp. of
Shrigley, char., iv, 201 n
Shrigley, Will., iv, 272
Shudehill, iv, 243 n
Shude Hill fight, food riot, iv, 183
Shufflebottom, iii, 16072 ; v, 91 n
Shurlacre, Jno., iii, 101 n
Shurlacres, Shirewalacres, iii, 193 n,

266 #-7, 275 ; Mere, iii, 19672-772,

267 n

Shurlacres, Ellen, iii, 297 n ; Gilb.,
iii, 225, 245 n ; Joan de, iii, 275 n;
Rich, de, iii, 275 n ; Will., iii,
297 n ; fam., iii, 275

Shute, Edw., iv, 212 n; Jane, iv,

21272

Shutt, the, (Blackley), iv, 256 »
Shuttleworth (Bedford), iii, 434;

House, iii, 431
Shuttleworth (Bury), iii, 16072; v,

91 n, 141-3 ; ch., v, 143 ; man., v,

117, 142, 145; Nonconf., v, 143;

see also Walmersley-with-Shuttle-

worth

Shuttleworth (Hapton), v, 143 n
Shuttleworth, — , iv, 147 ; Agnes de,

v, 142 n ; Alice de, iii, 434 ;

Barton, v, 234 ; Ellen (de), iv,

201 ; v, 143 n ; Eva de, v, 142 n ;

Frances, iii, 416, 423, 434 ; Hugh

(de), iii, 432, 434 ; v, 143 n ; Jno.

de, m, 434; Marg., v, 143 n ;

Margery, v, 14 72; Pet., v, 143 n,

288 n ; Rich, (de), iii, 417 72, 423-

4, 432, 434; v, 14 72, 142 72; Sir

Rich., iii, 432 ; v, 83 n ; Rob. de,

iii, 434 ; Rog. de, iii, 173, 434 ;

v, 14272-372; Thos. de, iii, 431,

434 ; Dom Thos. B., iii, 324 ;

Will, (de), iii, 434 ; v, 143 n
Sibson, Edm., iv, 147
Sibthorpe, Rob. de, iii, 311
Sibyl dau. of Uctred, iv, 298
Siche, iii, 135
Sidale, v, 295 n
Sidale, Ad. de, v, 295 n ; Will, de,

v, 295 «
Siddal, v, 16672, 168 n, 17072-172,

173 ; Moor, v, 170
Siddall, Alice, iv, 292 n; Edw., iv,

219 n, 220 n, 222 n, 277 n, 307;

Eliz., iv, 222 n ; Ellen, iii, 346 n ;

Geo., iv, 21972, 261 72, 292 72, 307 ;

Giles, iv, 262 n; Hen., iv, 147,

26472, 292 n ; v, 92 n; Jas., iv,

209 72, 292 n ; Jno., iv, 292 72,

307 n-S ; Kath., iv, 307 n ; Marg.,

iv, 30772; Rich., iv, 219, 307 72;

Thos., iv, 17972, 180, 292 72, 307 72,

375 ; fam., iv, 306, 309
Sidebotham, Edw. J., iv, 346 n ;

Edw. L., iv, 32372 ; fam., iv, 323
Sidebottom, Alex. R., v, 10072;

Mary, v, 9972 ; Sam., v, 99 n, 159
Sidgreaves, iv, 26672-7
Sidholme, v, 207
Sidney, Frances, v, 60 n
Siegrith, lady of Urmston, v, 125 n ;

sis. of Rob., iii, 254 n
Sifredlea, Syfrethley, iii, 372 ; iv,

101
Sifredlea, Sifrethley, Edrith de, iv,

101 n ; Rob., iv, 101 n ; Thos. de,

iv, 82 72, 101 n

Siga, bp. of, Pet. Baines, iii, 53
Sigerith's pool, iii, 296 n
Siguin, Will., see Sygyn
Sikeman Sty, iii, 393 n

388

Sileby, Reg. de, iii, 127 ; Will, de,
iii, 1472, 84 n

Silk- weaving industry, iii, 414 ; iv,
151, 230, 273, 340, 392; v, 80,
162

Sillinghurst, v, 174

Simeon of Durham, iii, 188

Simeon trustees, iii, 19, 22, 40,
112 72, 324, 430 ; iv, 1 06, 302 ; v, 3

Simister, v, 80

Simisters Lane, v, 82

Simkin, Will., iii, 214 n

Simmonds, Rob., v, 158/2-9

Simm's Cross, iii, 386-7 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 392

Simnel, Lambert, v, 90

Simon (c. 1200), iii, 56 n\ of the
Cross, iii, 256 n ; the Carter, iii,
36 n ; the Carter, Averia w. of, iii,
36 n ; the Clerk, see Son of Henry;
the Messer, iv, 141 72 ; the Porter,
iii, 93 n ; the Provost, iii, 201 n ;
the Serjeant, iv, 315 72, 341 n\
the Studherd, iii, 409 n

Simon, Eliz., v, 2147/5 Thos., v,
21472

Simond Ridding, v, 5 1 n

Simonrode, v, 21772

Simonswood, iii, 272, 5, 42, 53, 55-
6, 209 72 ; Brook, iii, 56-7 72 ;
char., iii, 1 1 72 ; chase, iii, 43,
5672, 182; forestership, iii, 43;
iv, 12; House, iii, 25372; man.,
iii, 56; Moss, iii, 5772; Priest
Rent, iii, 57

Simpkin, Hen., iii, 191 72

Simpson, Clemence, iv, 121 72

Simson, Ellis, iii, 17072; Hen., iii,
203 72 ; Joan, iii, 203 72 ; Rich., iii,
17072

Sindsley, iv, 376

Sindsley Mount, Nonconf., iv, 392

Sinerhill Leach, iv, 118 72

Singleton, iii, 67 72

Singleton, Little, man., iii, 16072

Singleton, Much, iii, 16072

Singleton Brook, v, 76

Singleton, Mrs. A., iii, 347 72 ; Ad.
de, iii, 401 ; Alan, iii, 447 ; Sir
Alan de, iii, 230 ; Anne, iii, 48 72,
386, 447; Ellen, v, 27472; Jno.,
iii, 8 1 72 ; Marg. de, iii, 401 ; Mar-
gery, iii, 4872 ; Nich.de, v, 13072;
Rich, de, iii, 81 72, 230 ; Rich. A.,
iv, 258 ; Thos. (de), iii, 81 72,
230 ; Will., v, 274 72

Singleton's, v, 76

Sinnot, Jno., iv, 50 72

Sion Monastery, iii, 10472

Sirewale Mere, iii, 192 72

Sivardslee, iv, 99 72

Siverdelege,Sivirdeleie,Siverthelege,
see Sifredlea

Siward, Emma dau. of, iii, 25872

Siward's croft, iii, 50 n

Sixsmith, Rob., iv, 6672; Thos., iii,
34872

Skellet Wood, iii, 19772

Skellington, Jas., iv, 349

Skelmersdale, iii, 16072, 238-9,
243, 256, 282-3, 301 ; iv, 10072 ;
char., iii, 24672, 24872; ch., iii,
284 ; man., iii, 165 72, 283, 348 72 ;
iv, zoo, 14272, 14472; Nonconf.,
iii, 284 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 284 ;
sch., iii, 248 72, 284

Skelmersdale, Edw. W. B. Wilbra-
ham, Baron, iii, 253, 283

Skelmersdale, Avice de, iii, 284 ;
Pet. de, iii, 284

INDEX

Skeryard rock, iii, 43 n

Skill, Jno., iv, 46

Skillington, Pet., iii, I2on

Skinner, fam., iv, 76 n

Skippool, iii, 79 n

Skitter farm, iv, 142

Slack, the, (Balderston), v, 205

Slack, the, (Eccles), iv, 370

Slack, Rich, del, iv, 370 n ; Sim.
del, iv, 370 n; Thos. del, see
Stock; Will, (deordel), iv, 370 n;
v, 205 n

Slade, iv, 303, 306 ; Hall, iv, 219 n, '

307

Slade, Eleanor (Ellen), iv, 405 ;
Ellen de M., iv, 306 n ; Jas., v,
240 ; Joan, iv, 307 n ; Jno. de M.,
iv, 306 n ; Ralph, iv, 307 n, 405 ;
Rob. de M., iv, 306 n ; Thos., iv,

307 »

Sladen, v, 220 «, 227
Sladen, Ad. le or de, v, 220 n ;

Quenilda de, v, 227 n ; Swain de,

v, 220 n ; Wagner de, v, 220 n
Slaidburn, rectory, iv, 361
Slater, Sir Hen., iii, 416; Rich., v,

148

Slattocks, v, 173
Slaveden, Ad. le, see Sladen
Sleepers, iii, 20 n
Sleeper's Green, iii, 393/2
Sleigh, Rev. T., iii, 98
Slene, Agnes de, iii, 126 ; Will, de,

iii, 116, 126, 129 n
Slinehead, Will., v, 247
Slingsby (Yorks.), man., iii, 437
Slodekan, R., iii, 125
Slynehead, Agnes de, iii, 401 « ;

Alice de, iii, 399 n ; Pet., iii, 409-

10 ; Rich, de, iii, 399 n, 401 n ;

Rob., iv, 134/2 ; Thos., iii, 410 n;

Will., iv, 146 ; fam., iii, 402 n
Smale, Alice le, iii, 115; Will, le,

iii, 115

Small, Chris., iii, 91, 208 n
Small Breck Moor, iii, 27 n
Smallbridge, ch., v, 234 ; Nonconf.,

v, 234

Small Brook, iv, 89 n
Smallclough, iv, 266 n
Smallegh, iii, 327 n
Smalley, iv, 143 n
Smallshaw (Ashton), iv, 338 #-9
Smallshaw, the, (Spotland), v, 212/2
Smallshaw, Rich., iv, 94 ; Rob., iv,

94 ; Will., iv, 94 n
Smallwood, Matth., iii, 189
Smarley, Eliz., iii, 1 1 n ; Jno., iii,

15 n

Smeatham, Smeddon, see Smith-
down
Smedley, iv, 259, 261 ; man., iv,

218

Smerle;-, iii, 145
Smerley, Hen. de, iii, 115 ; Joan,

iii, 148 ; Nich. de, iii, 115
Smethedon, see Smithdown
Smethehead, Ad., iii, 34 « ; Will.,

iii, 34 n
Smetheley, Smethley, Hen. de, iv,

255 n; v, 239 ; Jas., v, 239 ; Rog.,

v, 123

Smethurst, v, 176
Smethurst, Alice de, v, 176 n; Arth.,

v, 138;*, 176 n ; Gilb. de, v, 176 n;

Hen. de, v, 176 n; Hugh, iv,

245 n ; Jno., iv, 273 ; Oliver, v,

65; Rich., iv, 245/2; v, 138/2,

168/2; Rob. (de), v, 176/2, 212;

fam., v, 138

Smethwick, Margery, iv, 395 « ;
Thos., iv, 395 n

Smith, Ad., iv, 237/2-8/2; Alethea,
v, 297 n ; Alex., v, 239 ; Alice, v,
267 n ; Arth. W., v, 45 ; Chas. D.,
iv, 297 ; Sir Chas., see Carring-
ton,Vsct. ; Edw., iv, 200 n ; v, 44 ;
Ellen, v, 203 ; Emmanuel, iv,
348 ; Erastus, iii, 312 n ; Father,
iv, 190, 192 ; Sir Fran., v, 297 n ;
Gabriel, iii, 415 ; Geo., iv, 274;
Gilb., iii, 416; Helen, iii, 442 n;
Hen., iii, 232 n, 246/2, 248/2, 340,
395 n ; Hugh, iii, 165 ; Isaac, iii,
324/2; Jas., iii, 154-5, 183, 312,
386, 438; iv, 200/2; Joan, iii,
395 w, 401 n ; Jno., iii, 362 ; iv,
281 n ; v, 149 ; Capt. Jno., iii,
395/2; Sir Jno., iv, 122/2; Rev.
Kenelm H., iii, 433 ; Lawr., iii,
395/2; v, 160/2; Lucy, iii, 167;
Nich., iv, 321; v, 44, 301/2;
Ralph, iii, 386, 416; v, 41/2;
Rich., iii, 94/2, 180, 389/2, 395/2,
401/2, 406/2; iv, 62, 65, 119/2,
129; v, 45, 55/2, 125, 127; see
also Salley ; Rob.,iv, 321 ; Sam.,
iv, 258 ; Sim., iii, 420 ; Sydney,
v, 79 n ; Tabitha, iv, 348 ; Thos.,
iii, 347 n, 437 ; iv, 362 « ; v, 203 ;
Sir Thos., v, 22 n ; Tim., iii, 385-
6 n ; v, 280 ; Will., iii, 239 n, 267,
274 ; iv, 131 «, 204 ; see also
Lincoln, bp. of; fam., iii, 395,
397, 401 n ; iv, 389 n, see Smyth,
Smythe

Smithdown, Esmedune, iii, 2, 14 «,
40,42-3,71/2, 113; iv, i

Smithdown Lane, iii, 12/2, 15/2, 41

Smithdown Moss, iii, 14/2, 43,
159/2-60/2

Smithdown, Ad. de, iii, 43 n ; Rich,
de, iii, 43 n

Smithfield (Lond.), iii, 35 7 »

Smithfield, the, (Manchester), iv,
177/2

Smithills, iii, 160/2; iv, 394/2; v,
I, 12, 23/2, 260; chap., v, 13/2,
18,20; Hall, v, 12, 14-19 ; man.,
v, 12 ; mill, v, 13/2-14/2

Smithills Dene, v, 19

Smithills Moor, v, 19

Smithy Brook, iv, 78

Smithy Ford, see Trub Smithy

Smolte, Edm., iii, 42

Smoult, Oliver, iv, 361 n

Smult, Alice, v, 296/2; Rich., v,
296/2

Smyrrels, iv, 121/2

Smyth, Rev. E., iv, 248 n ; Hen.,
iii, 356/2, see Smith

Smythe, Crystofer, v, 166; Jno., iii,
435 «, see Smith

Snape, iii, 188/2, 191/2-2/2, 197,
243/2, 265, 267, 274/2-5, 294/2;
Brook, iii, 193 n, 266 n ; char., iii,
248 n, 291 n ; Snape Green, iii,

273
Snape Head, Snapeshevet, iii, 193/2,

266/2
Snape, Alan de, iii, 197, 275 n ;

Alice (de). iii, 197, 200 ; Chas. J.,

v, 303 ; Jas. de, iii, 274 n ; Rich.

(de or del), iii, 275 n ; v, 263 n ;

Rob. del, iv, 286 n ; Sim. de, iii,

275 n ; Siward de, iii, 275 n ;

Thos. (de or del), iii, 197, 399/2;

iv, 286 n

Snapecroft, iv, 155
Snapesbrok, see Snape Brook

389

Snapeshevet, see Snape Head
Sneade, Jane, iv, 385 n ; Ralph, iv,

385/2

Snede, Rich., iii, 161/2
Sneithell, see Snydale
Snelston, Ad. de, iii, 54 n ; Marg.

de, iii, 54 n
Snipe Lache, v, 1 74 n
Snodam, iii, 17/2
Snoter Pool, iii, 231 n
Snoter Stone, iii, I, 231 n-2
Snydale, iv, 364/2, 397/2; v, 21/2-

4 «, 35-6 n

Snythull, Rog. de, iv, 150/2
Soap manufacture, iii, 331
Society of Jesus, see Jesuits
Sodor and Man, bp. of, iii, 160/2

298 /2, 438 ; Huan Blackledge, iii

254/2, 257 ; Dr. Hen. Bridgeman

v, 134 ; Claudius Crigan, iv, 47

Hugh Hesketh, iii, 161/2

Horatio Powys, iii, 312 ; Rich.

Richmond, iii, 9 ; Thos. Stanley,

iii, 228-9 > iy> 62, 65, 127 ; Thos.

Wilson, iii, 257/2, 321 »; iv, 165
Solihull, Hen. de, iii, 80 n
Solinhurst, iv, 390/2
Solirton, Hen. de, iv, 298 n ; Rich.

de, iv, 298 n
Solly, Martha, iii, no; Nich., iii,

no; Rich., iii, uo/z
Solmehooks, iii, 409 n
Solomon, Dr., iii, 12/2
Somerset (Elton), see Summerseat
Somerset, dk. of, iii, 155 ; Will., iii,

71 n
Somerset, Sir Chas., v, 297 n ;

Eliz., v, 297 n
Somerton, Thos., v, 233/2
Somister, Jas., v, 82
Son of Abraham, Roger, iii, 92 n ;

of Adam, Alan, iii, no n, 197 n ;

Alex., iii, 27/2 ; Houkell, iii, 231 ;

Jno., iii, 1 15/2; iv, 280/2; Martin,

iv, 344 n ; Mathew, v, 227 n ;

Rich., iii, 201 n ; Rob., iii, 325 n ;

v, 210/2; Rog., iii, 90/2, 201/2;

v, 229 n ; Sim., iii, 274 n ; Steph.,

iii, 399 « ; Walt., iii, 197 «; Will,

iii, 86 «~7 «, 115, 150; iv, 10-11
Ailward, Orm, iv, 97, 265,

341/2
Alan, Alan, iii, 371 ; iv,

79/2; Jno., iii, 383/2; Rog., iii,

115; Sim., iii, 54/2; Will., iii,

122/2

Aldith, Alan, iv, 79, 81 n

Alexander, Ralph, iii, 262 n ;

Sim., iii, 83 n ; Thos., iii, 83 n
Andrew, Anketil, v, 210/2;

Clement, v, 210/2

Augerel, Dav., v, 27/2

Award, Sim., iii, 144 n

Aymory, Hen. and Jno., see

Aymoryson ; Thurstan, iv, 76 « ;

Will., iv, 76/2

Baldwin, Matth., iii, 255 n

Basil, Rich., iii, 338 n

— Beatrice, Ad., iii, 74 n ; Hen.,

iii, 339 n ; Rob., iv, 405 n ; Sim.,
iii, 201 n

Benedict, Will., iii, 202

Bernard, Hen., iii, 177/2-8 ;

v, 44 #, 47 ; Rob., iv, 265

Bernulf, Alan, iii, 276;

Ralph, iii, 276

Bimme, Hen., see Moor-
houses, Hen. del ; Will., iii, 90/2

Bleddyn, Madoc, iii, 302

Blethyn, Rob., v, 163/2

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Son of (cont.)

Brandulf, Gilb., v, 133/2;

Matth., v, I33«

Cecily, Hen., iii, 132 n

Clement, Rich., iv, 230/2

Cokemon, Rob., iii, 296 n;

Thos., iii, 298 »
Collt, Rob., see Floke, Rob.

— Dandi, Alan, iii, 383 n

— Dandy, Jno., see Dandyson
- Dolfin, Will., iii, 381 n

— Dorant, Rob., v, 291 n
Dunning, Siward, iii, 167,

248 ; Swain, iii, 260 n

— Edusa,Rich.,^<f Son of Walt.

— Edwin, Rob., iii, 50 ; iv,
252 n

Elias (Eilsi), Hen., iii, 276 ;

Rob., iii, 115/2, 446

Ellen, Ralph, iii, 150

Ellis, Ad., v, 108/2; Alex.,

v, 261 n
Elred, Rich., iii, 142/2

Emma, Jno., v, 182 n

Falconer, Rob., iv, 243 n

Fulk, Jno., iii, 115 n

Gamel, Ellis, v, 261 n; see

also Gamelson ; Will., iii, 158 n

Gemme, Hen., v, 211 n

Geoffrey, Jordan, iv, 2C "

Rog., iii, 141 n ; Thos., iv, 298 n

German, Rich., iii, 193 n

Gervase, Rich., v, 260 n

Gilbert, Ad., iii, 86 n, 282 n ;

Agnes w. of Ad., iii, 282 n ; Ellen
w. of Ad., iii, 86 n ; Gilb., iii,
322 n; Hen., iii, 100, 123/2, 206;
iv, 303; Hugh, iv, 156

Gilbert Media, Ad., iii, 92 n

Gille, Ad., see Gerard Adam

Godfrey, Ad., iii, 50/2;

Warine, iv, in

Godfrey (Geoff.) the Sheriff,

Achard, iii, 6«, 121

Godith, Rog., iv, 120 n

Gospatric(k), Rog., iii, 249 ;

iv, 1 06

Gregory, Thos., iii, 1 12

— Grim, Odda, iii, 230 n

— Gunhilda Rog., iii, 249 n

— Gunna, Hen., iv, 120/2

— Hamlet, Hen., iv, 405 n
Hamon, Will., iv, 149 n

Hanne, Jno., iii, 250 n;

Alice w. of Jno., iii, 25072

Hawise, Rog., iii, 325 n ;

Emma w. of Rog., iii, 325 n

Henry, Ad., iii, 173 n ; Ama-
bel, w. of Rob., iii, 249 ; Amery,
iii, 209 ; Andr. v, 220 n ; Dav., v,
30/2 ; Hugh, iii, 122-3 ; Jno., set
Henryson, Jno. ; Maud w. of
Rich., v, 227 n ; Reyner, v, 220 n ;
Rich., iii, 49, 266/2, 321 n; iv,
166/2; v, 227 n; Rob., iii, 167,
177 n, 249, 266/2 ; v, 207, 21 in;
Rog., iii, 177/2; v, 44 n, 47;
Sim., iii, 123; Thos., v, 274 n;
Thurstan, iii, 144 n ; Will., iii,
296" » ; iv, 169 n ; v, 205/2, 230/2

Hiche, Rob., iii, 101 n

Houkell (Houthkell), Geoff.,

iii, 231

Hugh, Ad., iv, 84/2; Alice

w. of Rog., iii, 86 n ; Almar w. of
Rog., iii, 93 w; Jno., v, 248 n;
Rich., iii, 90/2, 97 n; see also
Garston ; Rob. iv, 80 n, 230 n ;
Rog., iii, 86 «, 93 n ; Will., see
Rainford

Son of (cont.~)

Ithel, Maurice, v, 30 n

Ivo, Hen., v, 227/2, 229/2;

Rich., v, 207, 218/2

Jeui, Will., iii, 296 n

John, Ellen dau. of Sim., iii,

123 n; Iseult w. of Sim., iii,

123 « ; Jno., see Johnson ; Rich.,

iii, 93 n ; v, 31 n ; Sim., iii, 123 n ;

Thos., iv, 107 n ; Will., iii, 1 15 n ;

iv, 141 n
Jordan, Edm., v, 21972;

Rog., iv, 155 n ; Thos., v, 229/2

Jugge, Will., iii, 296

Lawrence, Hen., iv, 79, 80 n \

Rob., iii, 50 n

Laysig, Rob., iv, 139/2

Leising, Will., iv, 89 n

Leofwin, Swain, iv, 106

Lette, Hugh, iii, 123/2, 125

Lewel (Llewelyn), Madoc,

see Aughton, Madoc de
Loueote, Avina w. of Rog.,

iv, 404 n

Luke, Geoff., v, 89 n

Lycot, Will., iv, 329 n

Mabel, Sim., iii, 292 n

Madoc, Wido, iii, 302

Maiot, Rich., iv, 262/2;

Will., iv, 262 n

Malle, Thos., iii, 227/2

Martin, Hen., v, 207 n ;

Ralph, iii, 396 ; Rich., iii, 396
Matth., Hen., iii, 122-3;

Warine, iv, 99 n

Maud, Jno., v, 211 n

Meredith, Rog., v, 183/2

Meuric, Jno., v, 30/2

Molle, Rich., iii, 263/2

Multon, Hen., iii, 122;

Matth., iii, 122 ; Ralph, iii, 122 ;

Rich., iii, 121-2

Nest, Will., v, 21 n

-Nicholas, Jno., iii, 181/2;

Sim., iii, 177/2

Nigel, Will., iii, 387

Norman, Will., iii, 35, 46

Oliver (? Amory), Jno., iv,

68/2
Orm, Rog., iv, 340-1 n ;

Sim., iii, no, 277/2
Osbert, Hugh, iv, 99 n ;

Rich., iii, 250/2; Rob., iii, 49;

iv, 99 n ; see also Ainsdale

Otho, Rob., iii, 254/2

Outi, Rich., iii, 396, 400;

Rob., iii, 215/2; Rog., see Win-

stanley
Patrick, Hen., v, 229/2;

Randle, v, 229/2 ; Rich., iii, 381 n
Peter, Alan, iv, 102 «;

Rich., iii, 358/2 ; Will., v, 108/2
Quenilda, Whinilda, Chris-
tiana w. of Hen., iv, 84/2 ; Leukia

w. of Rog., iv, 109 n
Ralph, Ad., iii, 281 n ; Hen.,

iii, 321/2, 396/2-7; Jno., iv,

365/2; Rob., iv, 330; Rog., iii,

387/2 ; Will., iii, 321/2

Randle, Rob., v, 211

Randulf, Ralph, iv, 330

Ravenkil, Rog., iii, 32-3,

237

Reynold, Jno., v, 202/2;

Ralph, iii, 142 n

Richard, Ad., iii, 115, 212,

250 /2, 403 ; iv, 5, 10, 280 n ; Alan,
iii, 97/2; Bern., iii, 210; Elias,
iv, 150/2; Hen., iii, 50/2, no;
Hugh, iv, 276 n ; Jno., iii, 400 ;

390

Son of (cont.)

v, 211 n; Matth., iii, 206/2;
Randle, iii, 396/2; Rob., iii, 50/2,
72,75/2, 172, 216/2, 400; Rog.,
iii, 50 n, 400 ; Will., iii, 50/2,216/2,
296/2, 338/2

Robert, Ad., iii, 396/2; iv,

89 «; v, 37/2, 291/2; Alan, iii,
118; Geoff., v, 177; Gervase, v,
186/2; Jno., iii, 101 n ; iv, 167/2;
Mich., v, 206/2-7/2; Randle, iii,
142/2; Rich., iii, 129, 176, 400;
iv, 404 n ; see also Alvandley,
Lathom, and Molyneux ; Rob.,
iii, 170/2, 396/2, 411/2; Rog., iii,
215/2; v, 19/2; Sim., iii, 332;
Siward, v, 186; Will., iii, 6,48/2,
199/2

Roger, Hen., iv, 142, 146 ;

Jno., iii, 93; Jordan, iv, 155/2;
Marg. w. of Rich., iii, 53 ; Rich.,
iii, 13/2, 46-7, 53, 56, 92/2, 237,
266 /2, 276 n ; iv, 262 n ; Rob., iii,
396/2; Will, iii, 93, 197/2

Sigge, Thos., iii, 49, 50/2

Silvester, Rog., iii, 92/2-3/2

Simon, Alan, iii, 192 ; Bene-
dict, iii, 79 n ; Emma dau. of
Alan, iii, 93/2; Jno., iii, 123,
292 n ; Rich., see Sturmi ; Rob.
(Rich.), iii, no; Rog., iii,
123/2

Siward, Andr., iii, 96/2;

Efward, iii, 96/2; Hen., iii, 167,
248; iv, 166/2; v, 44, 47; Rich.,
iii, 95-6 n ; Rob., iv, 15 1 n ; Rog.,
iii, 123/2

Spraging, Hugh, v, 58

Stephen, Rog., iii, 397 n ;

Will., iii, 396/2

S wain, Ad., iv, 324/2; Hen.,

iii, 258/2; Rich., v, 211/2; Si-
ward, iii, 258/2; Thos. v, 21 n;
Will., iii, 266/2

Sweyn, Ad., iv, 377/2

Thomas, Ad., iii, 86 n ;

Cecily w. of Sim., iii, 282/2; Hen.,
iii, 68/2; Jno., v, 20/2; Lawr.,
iii, 50/2 ; Rob., iii, 50/2, 323 ; v,
214/2; Sim., iii, 282 n

Thurstan, Rich., iii, 43 «,

"3

Tylle (Tillesson), Will., iii,

332/2

Uctred, Hen., iii, 266/2

Ughtred, Rich., see Single-
ton ; Rog., v, 285 n

Ulf, Ad., iii, 270/2; Rog.,

iii, 270/2

Uvieth, Alex., v, 58 «, 263 ;

Will., iii, 359/2

Vivian, Ad., iii, 76/2

Walter, Ad., v, 173 «, 248 n ;

Alan, iv, 75 n ; Beatrice w. of
Will., iii, 231 n ; Christiana w. of
Gilb., iii, 409/2; Rich., iii, 266;
Will., iii, 231/2

Walthef, Gilb., iii, 266/2

Waltheof, Ad., iii, 276

Warin, Will., v, 218/2

Warine, Will, iv, 99/2

Wasce, Avina w. of Jno.,

iv, 374/2

Wen, Hen., v, 220/2

— Wenne, Hen., iv, 173 n ; v,

282/2

Wido, Ad., iv, 102 n ; Mar-

gery w. of Ad., iv, 102/2

Wilcock, Hen., iii, 296/2

Wilcot, Thos., iii, 86 n

INDEX

Son of (cont.)

William, Ad., iii, 127 n; see

also Adam the Judge, and Sme-
thehead, Ad. ; Agnes wid. of
Rich., iii, 86 n ; Alice dau. of Ad.,
iii, 11$ n; Hen., iii, 83 n ; Hugh,
v, 21 n ; Jno., iii, 116 n ; Matth.,
iii, 392 ; iv, 289, 292 «, 303 ;
Owen, iii, 296 n ; Rich., iii, 86 n ;
iv, 120, 404 n; Rob., iii, 115,
17072, 17872, 332 n; Rog., iii,
127 n; iv, 289 ; v, 19 72 ; Sim., iii,
321 n

Wimark, Rich., see Wi-

mark

Wion, Hugh, iv, 169 «

Wmyr, Will., iii, 80 «

Wrgem, Rob., v, 37 «

Wronou, Rob., iii, 198-9

Wymark, Jno., v, 5 1 n

Sonki, Will, de, iii, 424 «

Sonki Bonke, iii, 327

Sonky, see Sankey

Sonyhel, iii, 380 n

Soot Hill, v, 282

Soraniscroft, iii, 77 n

Sorham, iii, 92 n

Sorocold, Geo., iii, 426 ; iv, 135,
147 72, 405 n ; Jas., iii, 423, 426 ;
iv, 8872, 153 n, 390 72; Jno., iii,
425-6, 429; iv, 24672, 40572;
Kath., iv, 25372; Ralph, iv,
17472, 253, 39072; Thos., iii,
426; iv, 1 86, 20972, 364, 37372,
405 n ; fam., iii, 426 ; iv, 147,

375

Sorrowcold, see Sorocold
Sotherne, Will., iii, 443 «
Soudall, Jno. de, iv, 167 ft] Rich.

de, iv, 167 n
Souekar, iii, 266 n ; Brook, iii,

266 n

Soughers Lane, iv, 142
Souracre (Ashton), iv, 339, 341 n
Souracre, the, (Wigan), iv, 76 n
Sourbutts, the, iv, 399 n
Sourcroft, iii, 349 n
Sourfield, iii, 398 72-9 n, 401 «-2 n
Southampton, bp. of, Hon. Arth. T.

Lyttelton, iv, 361
Southampton, ctss. of, iii, 8 ; earl

of, iii, 8, i54»-5
Southcote, Joanna, iv, 351 ; v,

133

Southfield Brook, iii, zoo n

Southport, iii, 226, 229-30, 232,
234 ; Belle Vue Cottage, iii,
234 ; boro., iii, 234-5 ; char., iii,
234-5 ; chs., iii, 236 ; ' Duke's
Folly,' iii, 234 ; fishery, iii, 235 ;
Jews, iii, 236 ; mkts., iii, 235 ;
Nonconf., iii, 234, 236 ; Observa-
tories, iii, 235 ; pks., iii, 235 ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 234, 236 ; schs.,
iii, 235 ; wards, iii, 235 n

Southport Clerical Conference, iii,
236

Southwell, bp. of, Edwyn Hoskyns,
v, 240

Southwell, Martha, iv, 290 n ; Sir
Rob., iv, 290 n

Southwick, Ad. de, iv, 194

South wood, iv, 16072, 16272-372

Southworth, iv, 124, 14272, 16272,
1 68 ; chap., iv, 169 #-70; Hall,
iv, 104 n; man., iv, 10472, 133,
167-70; Rom. Cath., iii, 340;
iv, 170

Southworth with Croft, iv, 122-3,
168 ; char., iv, 131

Southworth, Alice (de), iv, 16272,
169; Cecily (de), iv, 158, 167 n;
Chris., iii, 333; v, 187 n, 26772,
269 72; Sir Chris., iii, 63 n; iv,
16072; Ellen de, iv, 167 n ;
Emma de, iv, 102 n, 11972, 169 n;
Geoff, de, iv, 169 n; Gilb. de,

13872, 154-5/2, 16672-7072; v,
267 n ; Godith de, iii, 332 « ; iv,
16772; Hen. (de), iv, 16472,
16772-872; v, 4072-1; Hugh
de, iii, 331 ; Humph, de, iv,
16772; Isabel, iv, 16772; v,
4O»-l ; Jane de, iii, 331 ; Joan
de, iv, 154, 16772; Jno. de, iii,
325, 331-272; iv, 114, 15872,
167 72-9 72 ; v, 267 72-8 72 ; Sir
Jno., iii, 294, 331 ; iv, 16772-9;
v, 12572, i66»; Marg. (de), iii,
294, 325 ; Margery de, iii, 332 72 ;
Mary, v, 16672; Matth. de, iii,
325-6, 329, 331-272; iv, 167;
Maud de, iv, 16972; Nich. de,
iv, 16772; Rich, (de), iii, 333;
iv, 16772, 17072 ; v, 28672 ; Rob.
(de), iv, 16772, 17072 ; Rosamund,
iv, 16872; Thos. (de), iii, 332-3 ;
iv, 14172, 158, 16772-972; v,
26972; Sir Thos., iv, 16772,
17072; Thurstan, iv, 10772,
14172; Ulf. de, iv, 16872; Will.
de, iv, 16772, 16972-7072; fam.,
iii, 321, 333; iv, 13472, 141,
167-9

Sowerby, iii, 16072

Sowerby, Great and Little, man.,
iii, 164 72-5 72

Sowerby Bridge, v, 189

Spacald, Rich., v, 131 72

Spakeman, see Speakman

Span Moss, iii, 247 72

Spany, Edw., v, 303 72

Spark, Hugh, iv, 1467*

Sparling, Jno., iii, 2272

Sparth, iv, 364

Speakman, Cath., iii, 435 ; Chas.,
iii, 339 72 ; Eliz., iv, 163 72 ; Hen.,
iii, 432 ; Jno., iii, 256, 339 ; iv,
16472 ; Rich., iii, 435 ; iv, 131 72,
155 ; Rob., iv, 155 ; Thos., iii,
433; Will., iii, 256, 33972; iv,
16372

Speke, iii, 102-3, 131, 139-40; ch.,
iii, 140; Hall, iii, 103, 131,
135-9; Hunt's Cross, iii, 131;
man., iii, 67 72, 8672, 132 ; mill,
iii, 13572, 139

Speke, Id. of, iii, 128

Speke Greve(s), iii, 133, 139

Speke, Ad. de, iii, 139, 1447* ; Gilb.
de, iii, 139 ; Hen. de, iii, 139 ;
Phil, de, iii, 142 72 ; Rich, de, iii,
139, 14272; Rog. de, iii, 139;
Warin de, iii, 14472; Will, de, iii,
139; fam., iii, 139

Spekelands, iii, 1272

Spellow, iii, 22-3, 27, 30 ; iv,
13872; ch., iii, 28; House, iii,
23, 28 72, 30 72 ; mill, iii, 30 72

Spellow Lane, iii, 28

Spellow, Jno. de, iii, 27 72 ; Rich.
de, iii, 27 72 ; Thos. de, iii, 28 72 ;
Will, de, iii, 27 72 ; fam., iii,
27

Spen(ne), the, iii, 440-1, 445

Spence, Pet., iv, 204 72

Spencer, Earl, iv, 229

Spencer, Alice, iii, 167 ; Anne, iv,
I oo 72 ; Edw., iii, 264 ; Hugh le,

391

Spencer (cont.)

iii, 279 ; Fr. Ignatius, iii, 362 ;
Jas., v, 280 ; Jas. O. K., v, 280 ;
Jno., iii, 189; Sir Jno., iii, 163 ;
Jno. W., v, 280 ; Margery le, iii,
275 72 ; Rob. le, iii, 275 n ; Thos.,
iv, 49 ; Will., iii, 12672, 152

Sperling, Rob., iv, 61 72 ; Sabina,

iv, 6l 72

Spink, Jno., iii, 244, 289
Spinning-jenny, invention of, iii,

414
Spinning-mule, invention of, v, 235,

238, 245, 259
Spiritual Church, v, 251
Spiritualists, iii, 421 ; v, 141, 260
Spittall, Jno., v, 140
Spoch, Rich., iii, 14472
Spodden, valley, v, 206
Spodden Brook, v, 187, 206,

21072

Spode, Jno., v, 177
Spondon, G. de, iii, 431
Spooner, Geo. H., iii, 8
Sporth, the, iv, 324 72
Spot Brook, see Spodden
Spotland, iv, 20072, 21272, 26072,

28472; v, 11772, 123, 13672-7,

16872, 187-93, 197 «, 206, 21972;

char., v, 201 ; ch., v, 200, 212 ;

collieries, v, 190-1 72 ; man., v,

13972, 175/2, 206, 223; Nonconf.,

v, 212 ; quarries, v, 190 ; rds., v,

206 ; Rom. Cath., v, 213 ; sch.,

v, 201 72

Spotland Gate, v, 20772, 21272
Spotland, Ad. de, v, 196, 20772-872,

2IO72 ; Alex, de, v, 196, 20772,

21472 ; Andr. de, v, 208 72 ; Hen.

de, v, 206 72-8 72 ; Hugh de, v,

207 72 ; Jno. de, v, 207 72, 209 72 ;

Martin de, v, 207 72 ; Mich, de,

v, 207 n ; Randle de, v, 207 n ;

Rob. de, v, 207 72-8 n
Springfield Mill, iii, 35 n
Springhill, v, 93
Spring Side, paper works, v,

260
Spymne, Rich., iv, 34472 ; Rob., iv,

344 n
Squibb, Arth., iii, 14672; Martha,

iii, 14672
Stackhill, Agnes de, v, 173 72 ; Jno.

de, v, 17372
Stainall, v, 1 34 n
Staining, iii, 387 n
Stakehill, v, 174
Stakehill, Ad. de, v, 17472
Stafford (Staff.), Priory, iv, 393
Stafford, Ld., iv, 13872
Stafford, Louisa, mchnss. of, iv,

380 ; mqs. of, iv, 380-1 ; see

also Sutherland, dk. of
Stafford, Sir Hen., iii, 15972; Jno.,

v, 204 ; Lawr., v, 204 72 ; Sir

Thos. de, iii, 223 ; Will., v,

204 72-5 72

Stagenhoe (Herts.), man., v, 90
Staindrop, adv., iii, 342
Stainford, Will, de, iii, 249
Staining, iii, 387 » ; v, 175 72
Stainsby (Derby), man., iii, 7972
Stainsby, Rog. de, iii, 79
Stainulf (c. 1066), iii, 41
Stake Hey, iii, 197
Stake Hill, v, 13772, 173, 22272
Stakehill, Agnes de, v, 17472;

Hen. de, v, 17472 ; Jno. de, v,

17472
Stakel, Rob. de, v, 163 »

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Staley, Ralph R. de, see Ruffus ;
Rich, de, iv, 341 72 ; Sim. de, see
Statlee ; Thos. de, iv, 345 n
Stall, the, (Houghton), iv, i66«
Stalmine, iii, 16072 ; v, 13472
Stalybridge, iv, 338-9, 346-7 ; ch.,
iv, 350 ; ind., iv, 340 ; mill., iv,
340 ; Nonconf., iv, 351 n
Stamford, Mary Grey, ctss. of, iii,

319; iv, 34372

Stamford, earl of, iv, 343, 351 ;
Hen. (Harry) Grey, 4th, iii, 319,
343 72 ; Harry Grey, 8th, iv,
343 n ; Will Grey, gth, iv,

343 «

Stamford and Warrington, earl of,
iv, 35° > Geo. H. Grey, 5th, iv,
343 n ; Geo. H. Grey, 6th, iv,
343 n ; Geo. H. Grey, 7th, iv,

343

Stamfordham, Jno. de, iii, 310

Stamford Park, iv, 346

Stampe, Phil., iv, 223 n

Stananought, Chris., iv, no ; Hen.,
iii, 31 n ; Lawr., iii, 54 n ; Pet.,
iii, 289, 291-2 n ; iv, 45 n ;
Thos., iii, 31 « ; Will., iv, now ;
fam., iii, 31

Stanbergh, the, iii, 125 n

Stanbrook (nr. Worcester), Bene-
dictine nuns at, iii, 117

Stand, v, 88 ; ch., v, 92 ; Hall, v,
88 ; Nonconf., v, 68, 92 ; sch., v,
75-6 n

Stand Lane, v, 56

Stand Park, iii, 75 ; House, iii, 75

Standeley, iii, 363 n

Standelues, the, iii, 389 n

Standen, Rob. de, iii, 170

Standish, iv, 81 n ; v, 292 n ; Hall,
iv, in ; man., iii, 333

Standish, Agnes de, iii, 203 ; Alex.,

"i, 156, 333, 389 «, 433J iv,
103 n, 11672; v, ion, 295 n ;
Sir Alex., v, 1 1 8 n ; Alice, v, 40 ;
Anne, iii, 17 n ; Earth, de, iii,
145 n; Cecily de, iii, 359 n ;
Chas., iii, 333 n ; Chas. H. L. W.,
"i, 333 » Clemency de, iv, 211 ;
Constance, v, 302 n ; Dav. de,
iii, 203 ; Edm. de, iv, 70 n ;
Edw., iii, 1772, 55, 333-4; iv,
19572; v, 85 n, loin, 11372,
11972; Edw. T., iii, 333 n; Eliz.,
»i, 333, 36i «, 366«; E11en
(de), iii, 145 «, 333 «, 357 «;
Evan, iii, 263 n ; Sir Frank, iv,
164; Geoff, de, iii, 14572, 35772;
Geo., iii, 17, 365 n-6 n; iv, 94 n ;
Gilb., iii, 263 n ; Hen. (de), iii,
292, 295, 365 72; Hugh (de), iii,
68 n, 246 n, 263 72; iv, 211;
Isolda de, iii, 96 n ; Jas., iii, 17 ;
v, 30272; Joan, iv, 11672; Jno.,
iii, 366 72-7; iv, 62, 94 n, 14672;
Jordan de, iv, 59 ; Kath., iii,
352 n ; Lawr., iii, 180 ; Marg.,
iii, 263 ft ; iv, 94 72, 161 ; Margery,
iii, 366 »; v, 1 1 7-18 72; Mary,
iv, 396 n ; v, 85 «, 11972 ; Maud
de, iv, 99 n ; Oliver, v, 302 n ;
Pet., v, 302 n ; Ralph (de), iii,
156, 179, 263 «, 333, 365; iv,
5972, 39672; v, 11372, 117,11972,
176; Randle de, iii, 360 n ;
Rich, (de), iii, 17 n, 156, 223 «,
31072, 359 n ; Rob. (de), iii, 96 n,
156 «-7, 26372; v, 30272; Thos.,
v, 295 »; Sir. Thos., iv, 16172,
163; Thurstan, iii, 361 »; Will.

Standish (cont.}

(de), iii, 68 n, 263 72, 306, 366 72-7 ;

iv, 59, 94 n; v, 3372, 11372,

267 n ; fam., iii, 328, 361 ; iv,

160-1 ; v, 101, 113, 117, 295
Standishgate, iv, 65 72, 68, 76 n ;

Rom. Cath., iv, 78
Standleye, Marg. de, iv, 329 » ;

Rob. de, iv, 329 n
Standys, Rich, de, iii, 332 n
Stanford, Mich., v, 240
Stanhope, Lady Isabella, iii, 73 ;

Will., iii, 19672
Stanicliffe, v, 170, 172; chap., v,

173
Stanicliffe, Godith de, v, 1 73 n ;

Sir Rich, de, v, 1 73 n ; Rog.

de, v, 17372; Syherit de, v,

17272-372

Stanihurst, Rog. de, iii, 12672
Stanistreet, iv, 377 n, 379 72, 382 n-

3«, 39°

Stanistreet, Rich, del, iv, 75 n ;
Rob. de, iv, 252 n

Stanlaw Abbey, iii, 53, 76 «, 80,
no, 114, 118, 12272-3, 125, 16972,
392; iv, 358, 365 n; v, 11672,
121, 129 n, 196, 202, 20672-872,
210-11, 21472, 224, 229 n; see
also Whalley ; monks, iii, 42,
76 «, 79, 80, 1 1 8, 122, 12972, 223,
249 n \ iv, 370 72, 372-3 72, 396 n ;
v, 372, 192, 205 n

Stanlaw, abbot of, iii, 104, 118,
13972, 150, 393; iv, 39072-1;
Chas., v, 1 10 « ; Greg., iii, 1 18 ;
Rob., iv, 370 n, 377 « ; Sim., iii,
388 n

Stanley, iii, 12 72 ; ch., iii, 18

Stanley Gate, iii, 276 ; Nonconf.,
iii, 282

Stanley Park, iii, 23 ; iv, 40

Stanley, Edw. G. V., Ld., iii, 167 ;
Sir Thos., ist Ld., iii, 159, 167,
379 n; Thos., 2nd Ld., iii, 672,
14 72, 159 ; v, 267 ; see also Derby,
ist earl; of Bickerstaffe, see Derby,
1 3th earl ; of Preston, see Derby,
1 6th earl

Stanley and Strange, Jas., Ld., see
Derby, 7th earl

Stanley, Agnes (de), iii, 278 72, 298 ;
v, 13; Alice (de), iii, 15872, 242,
27872, 301 n; iv, 163 ; Amelia,
iii, 165; Anne, iii, 167, 21 in,
278 72, 301, 424-5, 429, 442; iv,

*59; v, J3> 3°°«; Bridg., i»,
285, 301 ; Cecily, iii, 301 n ;
Chas., iii, 164, 255, 286; iv,
128; Edw., iii, 4972, 16472, 174,
255 *, 259, 285-6 n, 301, 304;
iv, 218 n, 329 n ; v, 12 ; see also
Derby, earl ; Chester, archd. ;
Mounteagle, Ld. ; Sir Edw., iii,
43, 164-5, 167, 25572, 278-9,
282; iv, 128, 141; Edw. Geoff.,
see Derby, earl ; Edw. J., iii,
255 ; Edw. S., see Derby, earl of;
Eleanor Lady, iii, 159 ; v, 18472 ;
Lady Eleanor M., iv, 12972;
Eliz., iii, 1572, 69, 73, 165, 167,
210-11 72, 278-80 n, 301 ; Ferdin-
ando, iv, 218; v, 138; see also
Derby, earl of ; Frances, iii, 442 ;
iv, 38072; Geo., iii, I59«; Sir
Geo., iii, 15972, 2557*, 259, 26472,
278 n ; v, 247 n ; see also Strange,
Ld. ; Hen., iii, 165, 167,220,244,
246, 25572, 259, 278, 28072, 29872,
301 «, 33772; iv, 159 «, 218,

392

Stanley (cont.)

32972; Isabel (de), iii, 158, 167,

251 ; iv, 379 « ; Dame Isobel, iii,
259»; Jas., iii, 6n, 63-4 n, 160,
164-5, 245, 255 », 278 n; iv,
I28«, 1 88 ; see also Derby, earl
of; Chester, archd. of; Ely, bp.
of; Sir Jas., iii, 165, 167, 243 ;/,
278; Jane, iii, 195, 210, 255;;,
278 «, 301 n ; iv, 218 n ; Joan, iv,
2i8«, 380; Joan, Dame, v, 33 n,
38; Jno., iii, 101, 159 n, 180, 189,
195, 210, 301 n ; iv, 46, 383 ; see
also Carnarvon, constable of ;
Hon. and Rev. Jno., iii, 191 «,
242; iv, 128; v, 126, 132;*; Sir
Jno. (de), iii, 25, 96 n, ioo«,
lo8«, 158-9, 167, 180, 251, 266,
327, 351 n; iv, 11, 126-7, 189-90,
195 n, 200, 379 «; K(C)ath., iii,
165, 286, 301 n; Lady Lucy,
iv, 141 «; Marg., iii, 159,
165, 167, 211 «, 278, 28ow,
301, 303-4; iv, 161, 329 n ;
Margery, iv, 143 ; Mary, iii, 167,
27872-9, 442; Meliora, iv, 159;
Pet., iii, 49 «, 165, 245, 255,
278-80 «, 285, 293, 301, 362;
Petronilla, iv, 12872; Ralph de,
iii, 7 ; Reynold, iii, i6o« ; Rich.
(de), iii, 7, 442; iv, 14672, 159,
163 ; see also Chester, archd. of;
Sir Rich., iii, 424 ; Sir Rob., iii,

252 ; Rowland, iii, 428, 430 ; Sir
Rowland, iii, 82, 17172, 425 ; v,
30172; Thos., iii, 54, 5972,7872,

IO9, 16272, 17472, 2IO72, 255,

27872, 28072, 442; iv, 12, 128,

I3I72, 14672, 159, 163; V, 2272,

268 n ; see also Derby, earl of ;
Sodor and .Man, bp. ; Sir
Thos. (de), iii, 42-3, 8172-272,
145, 165, 167, 255, 278-80, 321 72,
384; iv, 12672-872, 141, I43~4«>
161, 16772, 17872, 189; Ursula,
iv, 21872 ; Will., iii, 15872, 27872,
298, 301 72 ; iv, 13072, 146, 32972,
380; Sir Will., iii, 15972-6172,
163, 167, 25172, 278, 301, 425,
429 ; iv, 380 72 ; v, 300 ; see also
Mounteagle, Ld. ; fam., iii, 42,

69, 157, 239, 255, 279 «, 382 ; iv,

11, 13, 1872

Stanlow, Jno. de, iv, 20672
Stann(e)ybrook, v, 215 ; valley of, v,

205

Stanning, Canon Jos. H., iii, 420
Stanriford, iii, 296 n
Stanriggs, Ellis de, v, 228 72
Stanringes, Christiana de, v, 10272 ;

Will, de, v, 102 n
Stansfeld, Josh., v, 189
Stansfield, Agnes, v, 23172; Chas.,

V, 230«; JnO., V, 231 72

Stanstead, Hugh de, iv, 193 72
Stanton, Ellen de, iii, 49 ; Will, de,

iii, 49

Stanton Harcourt, ch., v, 165 72
Stanton Lacy (Shrops.), man., v,

138 *
Stanulf, Agnes de, iii, 88 72 ; Beatrice

de, iii, 88 72 ; Hugh de, iii, 88 72
Stan wall Syke, iv, 3777*
Stanybrigg, the, iii, 99 72
Staplands, see Highfield
Stapleton, Miles, see Beaumont, Ld.
Stapleton-Bretherton, mchnss., iii,

369-70, 402
Stapleton-Bretherton, Fred. A., iii,

366, 369-70

INDEX

Stapleton-Cotton, Fran. L. W., see
Combermere, vise.

Star Chamber, iii, 58, 88n-gn, 136

Stardale, iii, 50 n

Star-grass, compulsory planting of,
iii, 45, 58-9

Starkcliff, v, 1 83 n

Starkey, Alice, iii, 428 n ; Eliz., v,
97 ; Geo., iii, 416, 428-9 ; Helen,
iii, 429 n ; Jas., iii, 428-9 ; v, 97 ;
Jno., iii, 428-9 ; Pierce, v, 86 n ;
Ralph, iii, 221 n ; Rog., iii, 428 ;
fam., iii, 429 n ; see also Starkie,
Starky

Starkhull, see Stakehill

Starkie, iii, 267

Starkie, Alice, v, 256, 258 ; Anne,
iii, 443 ; iv, 388 ; Edm., iii, 205 ;
Edm. A. le G., iii, 443 ; Edw., iii,
286, 297; Eleanor, v, 252 n\
Eliz., iii, 296 n ; Ellen, iii, 297 n ;
Hen., iii, 285, 294, 296-7, 300 ;
Hen. A., v, 66 ; Jas., iii, 228,
239, 297 «, 421; v, 252 «; Jno.,
iii, 278 «, 282 n, 296-7, 299, 300,
303 »; iv, 390 n; v, 256, 258,
301 n ; Jos., iii, 297 n ; Kath., iii,

296 n ; Lawr., iii, 154-6 «, 296 n ;
Le Gendre P., v, 38 « ; Margery,
iii, 296 ; v, 301 n ; Mary, iii, 285,

297 ; Nathan, iii, 297 n ; Nath.,
iii, 297 n; Nich., iii, 104 «, 205,
338, 443; iv, 388; v, 258;
Pierce, v, 11-12 ; Piers, v, 256 n ;
Priscilla, iii, 297 n ; Randle, v,
301 n ; Rebecca, iii, 297 « ; Rich.,
v, 42, 53 ; Ruth, iii, 297 ' n ; Sam.,
iii, 297 n ; Sarah, iii, 297 n ;
Susan, iii, 297 n ; v, 53 ; Tabitha,
iii, 297 n ; Thos., iii, 290, 296 «-
7«, 417 n; fam., iv, 388; v, 23,
41 ; see also Starkey, Starky

Starky, Eliz., v, 139 n; Jas., v, 86,

I28#, 139 ; Jno., v, 86, 1 39-40 «,

206 «, 212 ; Jos., v, 86 « ; Thos.,

iv, 396 n; see also Starkie, Starkey
Starring, v, 215 #, 225 n
Statham, man., iii, 333 n
Statham, Nich., iv, 195 n
Statlee, Rob. de, iv, 341 « ; Sim. de,

iv, 341 n
Statues, public, iii, 41, 131, 157,

261 ; iv, i86«, 204 «, 217, 223 ;

v, 102 n, 128, 193, 245, 259 n
Staveley, see Stayley
Staveley, Eliz. de, iv, 332 n ; Ralph

de, iv, 332 n; Sir Ralph de, iv,

240 « ; Thos., see Staley
Stavenby, Alex, de, see Lichfield,

bp. of
Staverley, Margery de, iv, 85 « ;

Rob. de, iv, 85 n
Stayley, iv, 338 n
Stayning, iii, 393 n
Staynringes, Christiana de, v, 1 16 n ;

Rob. de, v, Ii6#; Will, de, v,

Staynrod, Gervase, v, 62

Stead, Sam., v, 280

Steanor Bottom, old house at, v,

229

Steed, the, v, 225 n
Steel works, v, 245
Steel, Emma, v, 248 n; Rog., v,

248 n

Steele, Thos., v, 234
Steers, Thos., iv, 30
Steinthal, Sam. A., iv, 250
Steinulf (c. 1066), iv, 92
Stele, Will., v, 156

Stenner Lane, iv, 293
Stephen, clerk of Walton, iii, 266 n ;
of Blois, iii, 13 ; rector of Walton,
iii, 6, 62 n ; the Bald, iii, 254 n-
5 n ; the Cook, iv, 209 n ; the
Cook, Joan w. of, iv, 209 n
Stephens, Geo., iv, 340 : Jos. R., iv,

340, 351 »
Stephenson, Anne, iii, 78 n ; Jas.,

iv, 187 ; Sam., v, 45
Steresleigh, iii, 401 «
Steuensis Field, iii, 302
Stevens, Alf., iv, 39
Stevenson, Jas., v, 212 n; Rob., iv,

267 n ; Thos., iv, 267 n
Stewart, Alex., iv, 46 ; Arth. J., iii,
i8«; Chas. P., iv, 249 n; Jno.,

iii, 1 8 ; iv, 45 ; Percy, iii, 18 ;

Rich. B., iii, 149 ; Will., iii, 149
Stick Ings, iv, 364
Stidd, iii, 114 ; v, 175 n
Stikewind, Beatrice, v, 209 n ; Jno.,

v, 209 n ; Maud, v, 192 n ; Rog.,

v, 192 n, 209 n
Stilley, v, 5 1 w
Stingman's hook, iii, 45
Stirrup, Jno., iv, 134^, 136 ; Thos.,

iv, I34»

Stochestede, see Toxteth Park
Stock, Alice, v, 226 n ; Eliz., iii,

393 « ; Hen. (de or del), v, 142 «,

21 1 «, 226 n ; Jno., iii, 256 ; iv,

213 «; v, i6ow, 226 «; Nathan,

v, 140; Pet., iii, 393 n ; Rose, iv,

213 n; Thos. (del), v, 21 in,

226 n ; Will., iii, 393 n ; v, 226 n
Stockbridge (Aughton), iii, 298 ;

House, iii, 296 «, 299
Stockbridge [Halsall ?], iii, 209 «
Stockbridge (Huyton), iii, i72»~3«
Stockbridge Cross, iii, 262
Stockbridge syke, iii, 296 n
Stockesley, Ad. de, iii, 168 ; Rich.

de, iii, 168

Stockey Croft, iii, 330
Stockfield, v; 121 n
Stockheye, iii, 428
Stockleigh, Will, de, iii, 119
Stockley (Arbury), iv, i68«
Stockley (Fazakerley), iii, 30 n
Stockley Clough, v, 174 n
Stockley Wood, iv, i62«
Stockley, Avice de, iii, I7O« ; Edw.,

iii, 57«, 152, i64«, 289; Geo.,

iii, 151 «; Grace, iii, 30 « ;

Hamlet, iii, 176 «; Jas., iii, 151 » ;

Jno., iii, 153; Kath., iii, 354 «;

Pet., iii, 151-2; Rich, de, iii,

30 «, 367 w; Will, de, iii, 170 »;

fam., iii, 168
Stockplatt Lane, iii, 414 n
Stockport, iv, 184, 323-4, 326; v,

53 ; bridge, iv, 323 n
Stockport Canal, iv, 282
Stockport Etchells, iv, i82«
Stockport, Alice de, v, 52 «; Ellen

de, iii, 33 «, 295 n ; Isabel de, iii,

46 n; Joan de, iii, 237 «, 295;

Margery de, iv, 322 « ; Maud de,

iii, 53, 237 ; Rich, de, iii, 237 n ;

Sir Rich., iii, 46 n ; Rob. de, iii,

33 «, 46 n, 53, 295; iv, 322 n;

Sir Rob. de, iii, 46 «, 237 ; Rog.

de, iii, 33 n ; Will, de, iii, 33 n ;

fam., iii, 33, 46
Stockrode, v, 226 n
Stocks (Cheetham), iv, 259
Stocks (for punishment), iii, 12 n,

45> 76, 392; iv, 132
Stocks, Hen. del, v, 232 n

393

Stockton, Agnes de, iv, 373 n ;

Thos., iii, 448 ; iv, 254 n; Will.

de, iv, 373 n

Stockton Heath, iii, 305 n-6
Stocky Dole, iv, 364
Stodagh, Eliz., iii, 194 ; Lambert,

iii, i8o«, 194
Stodelay, Agnes de, v, 230 «; Jno.,

de, v, 230 n
Stodleyhow, iii, 403 n
Stoke, West (Suss.), man., iii,

no

Stoke, battle of, iii, 134, 405 ; iv, 93
Stoke Bardolph (Notts.), Idshp., iv,

285 n

Stokemede, the, iii, 430
Stokes, Geoff, de, iv, 194
Stone (Staff.), iv, 195 n
Stone Age, iv, 302 ; implements, iv,

137, 282,330; v, 46, 170
Stone circles, v, 273
Stone quarries, iii, 184; v, 7, 190-

i «, 282
Stone, Frank, iv, 186; Marcus, iv,

Stoneberley, see Stonebridgeley
Stonebridge, the, iii, 129
Stonebridgeley, iii, 31
Stonebridgeley, Hen. de, iii, 27 n,

31 »; Marg. de, iii, 31 n ; Thos.

de, iii, 31 n ; Will, de, iii, 31 «;

fam., iii, 31
Stoneclough, v, 39
Stonecrop farm, iii, 10 n
Stonehouse, v, 230 ft.
Stonelow Cottages, v, 266
Stone Meadow, v, 230 n
Stones, — , iii, n«; Alex., v,

262 n ; Jas., v, 8 n ; Mary, v,

242 n
Stonor, Chas. J., v, 298 ; Kath., v,

298 ; Thos., v, 298 ; fam., v, 8 n
Stony Brook, iv, 283 «, 341 n
Stonycroft, iii, 1 2 n
Stonyford, iii, ioo«
Stonygate, the, iv, 75 n
Stonyhurst, Agnes de, iii, 366^-7 n ;

Hen. de, iii, 366 n ; Jno. (de), iii,

42 «, 366 n ; Rog. de, iii, 366 n ;

Will, de, iii, 366 n
Stonyhurst Coll., iv, 170
Stopard, Nich., iii, 57 «
Stopes (Barton), iv, 364
Stopes (Little Lever), v, 262
Stopford, Anne, iii, 183, 212 ft;

Caleb, iv, 278 n ; Jane, iv, 326 ;

Josh., iv, 199 ; v, ill ; Will., iii,

2i2«, 259 n ; iv, 334
Stopforth, Blanche, iv, 90 n ; Will.,

iv, 90 n

Stoplond, see Spotland
Storeton, iii, 158^, 298
Stormcroft, iv, 272 n
Stormy corner, iii, 283
Stotfoldshaw, Stotfoldshagh, iii,

276, 281, 296 «, 300
Stotfoldshaw, Stotfoldshagh, Alan

de, iii, 282 n ; Alice de, iii, 282 n ;

Hen. de, iii, 282 ; Jno. de, iii,

282 n ; Rich, de, iii, 282 ; Rob.

de, iii, 282 n ; Sibyl de, iii, 282 «;

Sim. de, iii, 282
Stott, Geo., v, 212 n ; Hen. de, v,

226 n ; Jas., v, now, 234 »;

Joan, v, 232 n ; Jno., v, 280 ;

Randle de, v, 226 »; Rob., v,

iio«, 161 «, 232 «
Stoughton, Rog., iv, IO3«
Stourton, Ld., iii, 162 n
Stowell, Hugh, iv, 216 «

50

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Strafford, ctss. of, Henrietta M., iii,
71 n

Strafford, Hen. de, see Trafford

Straitbarrel, Jas., iii, i%gn

Stramard, the, iii, 336 n

Strange, barony of, iii, 165 n

Strange, Lady, iv, 70 n ; Joan, iii,
1 60, 167 ; v, 247 n ; Lucy, iii, 167

Strange, Ld., iii, 145, 155, 163, 165,
181 n, 194, 279; iv, 15, 20, 70 n,
178, 290 n ; Ferdinando, iii, 162 ;
see also Derby, earl of ; Geo., iii,
i6o-i«, i64», 167, 180, 278;
Jas., iii, 21, 71, 164 n, 167, 243 n;
iv, 93 » ; see also Derby, earl of ;
Jno., iii, 1 60

Strange, Chris., iii, 423 n ; Jno. le,
iii, 159

Strangeways, iv, in, 229, 259-60 ;
Greeks, iv, 222 n ; Hall, iv, 205,
259, 261 n; Jews, iv, 262 n

Strangeways, Agnes de, v, 2io»;
Alice (de), iv, 260 n, 324 n ;
Cecily de, iii, 349 ; Douce, iv,
158 n; Dulcibella, iv, 260 «;
Eleanor, iv, 260 n; v, 212 n;
Eliz., iv, 261 n; Ellen de, iv,
260 n ; Geoff, de, iv, 210 «, 260 »-
i n ; Geo., iv, 260 n, 281 »; Hen.
de, iv, 207 n, 222 n, 260 n, 267 n ;
Jas., iv, io8«, 158 «, 260 n; Sir
Jas., iv, 324 ; Jno. (de), iv, 207 #,
210 n, 260 n-i n ; Margery de, iv,
260 n ; Nich., iv, 260 n ', Phil., iv,
177 n, 260 n-i n, 281 n ; Sir Rich.,
iv, 324 n ; Sibyl de, iv, 260 n ;
Thos. (de), iii, 349 ; iv, 206 «,
2io#, 260 n-l n, 277 n, 281 n ; v,
210 n ; Sir Thos., iv, 324 n ; Will,
(de), iv, 26o«-i«, 281 n, 306 n,
324 » ; v, 101 n, 212 n ; fam., iv,
219 n, 277, 292 n

Strangways, Ellen de, iii, 44 in;
Thos. de, iii, 441 n

Stratford, Dr. Nich., see Chester,
bp. of

Street (Barton), iv, 364

Street, the, (Charnock), v, 291 n

Street, the, (Rom. road), iv, 273

Street, Geo., iv, 269 n ; Isabel, iv,
269 n ; Jno., iv, 269 n ; Capt. J.
F. d'A., v, 285 ; Rich., iv, 269 n ;
Will., iv, 269 n ; fam., iv, 269 ; v,
291 n

Streetbridge, v, 1 14 n

Street End, iv, 273

Streetfold, iv, 265

Streethough, End of, v, 170

Stretford, iv, 17 in, 174,176, ig2n,
197 », 204, 230 n, 290 n, 298 n,
329> 335. 396 n ; v, 42 ; chant., iv,

334 ; chap., iv, 178 ; char., iv, 204;
ch., iv, 203 «, 334 ; cross, iv, 330;
man., iv, 330 ; Nonconf., iv, 203 «,

335 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 251, 335
Stretford, Ad.de, iv, 293 n, 331 »;

Avice de, iv, 33 1 n ; Cecily de, iv,
293 n ; Hen. de, iv, 293 n, 330 n-
i ; Hugh de, iv, 330 ; Jordan de,
iv> 33X»> Nich. de, iv, 331 «;
Rich, de, iv, 331 n ; Rob. de, iv,
331 »; Will, de, iv, 293 n
Stretton, Rob., see Lichfield, bp. of
Strickland, Agnes de, v, 213^;
Alice de, iv, 252 n, 283, 292 «;
Anne, v, i66«; Gervase, v,
158 n; Jno. de, iv, 252 n, 283 ; v,
213 »; Sir Jno. de, iv, 292 n;
Will, iii, 343 n
Strid Lache, iv, 169 n

Strindes, the, (Sefton), iii, 75 n

Strindes, the, (Wigan), iv, 75 n

Strinesdale, v, 103 n

Stringer, Rob., v, 189

Strong, Will. H., iv, 165

Strongways, see Strangeways

Struyndeley, iv, 3i6»

Stubbins, v, 144 ; Nonconf., v, 150 n

Stubbs, v, 230 n

Stubbymedowe, iii, 426 n

Stubley, v, 222-3 > old Hall> v> 223

Stubshaw Cross, iv, 131 «, 142 ; ch.,
iv, 148

Stubshaws, the Two, iv, 131 n

Studdy-Studdy, Alf. D., v, 149

Sturmi, Rich., iii, 92 »; Sim., iii,
92 n

Stythe, Rob., iv, 45-6, 55

Styward, Alan le, iii, 369 », 372;
see also Burnhull ; Pemberton ;
Windle

Suard the Thegn, iii, 122 #-3 »

Subberthwaite, iii, i6o«

Submerged forest, iii, 91

Subosco, Agnes de, v, 279 n ; Alex,
de, v, 279 n ; Will, de, v, 279 n

Such, Thos., iii, 258 n, 264 n

Sudden, mill of, v, 202 n

Sudell Brook, iii, 284 ; see also
Lydiate Brook

Sudell Close, iii, 206

Sudell, Chris., iii, 228, 289, 291 ;
Dorothy, v, 136^

Sudlow, Jno., v, 45 n

Sudmore, iii, 79 n

Suffield, Ld., v, 154 n, 169, 173 ;
Edw. Harbord, v, 167 n; Edw.
V. Harbord, v, 167 n ; Harbord
Harbord, v, 60, 167 ; Will. A. Har-
bord, v, 167 n

Suffolk, archd. of, Rob. Pearson,
iv, 63 n

Suffolk, dk. of, iv, 358 «; Chas. Bran-
don, iii, 417

Sugar Brook, iii, 28

Sugden, Jas., v, 106 ; Rich., v, 106

Sulepool, iii, 141 n

Sumespitt, iii, 1 77 n

Summer, Nich., iii, 49

Summer ley, iv, 364

Summers, Marg., iv, ii$n; Thos.,
iv, Ii3«

Summerseat, v, 133, 136 ; Nonconf.,

v, 143

Summer Vale, see Deysbrook
Summit tunnel, v, 222
Sumner, Chas., iii, 130; Jno., iii,

130; Sarah, iii, 78
Sumpter, Jno., v, I75»; Margery,

v, 175 n
Sunderland (Ashton), iv, 339, 341 «,

345
Sunderland, Rob. de, v, 6 n ; Will.,

v, 280
Sundials, iii, 20, 76, 79, 91, 94, 99,

187, 215, 226, 262, 285, 342; iv,

105-6, 221, 300-1 «, 316; V, 3,

33,44, H4, 124, 140 n, 157, 215,

221, 229

Suonis, Will., iii, 1 18-19 n
Sureheved, iii, 201
Surrey, earl of, iii, 145 ; v, 28
Surreys, Rob. de, iii, 330 n
Sussex, Frances, ctss. of, v, 60 n
Sussex, earl of, iv, 221 ; v, 231 «;

Hen., iv, 267 ; v, 60 ; Rob. Rad-

cliffe, ist, iv, 160 ; v, 59 «, 60;

Rob. Radcliffe, 5th, iv, 212;

Thos. Radcliffe, v, 60
Sutch, Will., iii, 247 »-8 «, 291 n

394

Sutch fields, iii, 269 n

Sutcliffe, Jno., v, 179 ; Jos., v, 221,
233-4 ; Thos., v, 294

Sutherland, dk. of, iv, 381

Sutton, iii, i6o», 246, 278 #, 341-
2«, 354, 374-5 «> 381 n, 387 n,
403 n; iv, I34«, i53«; Brook,
iii, 355 ; char., iii, 347; chs., iii,
362 ; Hall, iii, 355 ; ind., iii, 355 ;
man., iii, 355-6, 406 n ; Nonconf.,
iii, 362 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 362

Sutton, Id. of, iii, 368

Sutton Cliff, iii, 349 n

Sutton Park, iii, 375 n

Sutton, Alan de, iii, 370 n; Alice,
iii, 273 » ; Anne, iv, 232, 295-6 n;
Cecily de, iii, 273 n ; Edw., iii,
357 n; Ellen de, iii, 273 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 12% n; Gerald de, iii, 118;
Gilb., iii, 273 ; Godith de, iii,
263 ; Hen. (de\ iii, 273 n, 371 n \
Sir Hen., iv, 285 « ; Ithel de, iii,
357 «; Joande, iii, 273 ; Jno. (de),
iii, ion, 118, 147, 224, 273, 329,

35 5~7 n > iy> ^5 n i see a^s°
Walton ; Lymota de, iii, 370 n ;
Dr. Manners, see Canterbury,
archbp. of; Marg., iii, 273 ; Mar-
gery de, iii, 357 n; Mary, iii,
273 n, 446; Miles, iii, 357 n;
Oliver, iii, 357 «; Rich, (de), iii,
9, 48 n, 273, 293, 310 n, 356 ; Rob.
de, iii, 118, 355-6 ; iv, 202 ; Rog.
(de), iii, 273, 370 n ; Seth, iii,
357 n; Siegrith de, iii, 356, 358,
360 ; Thos. (de), iii, 180-1, 230,
263, 273 n, 357«, 446 ; Will, (de),
iii, 234, 356-7 n ; fam., iv, I22»

Suur, Hen. le, iv, 107 n ; Jno. le, iv,
107 #

Suynul, see Snydale

Swain the Clerk, iv, 357 n

Swain, Chas., v, 71 ; Thos., iv, 361 n

Swallesegh, iii, 336 n

Swallow, Fran. R., v, 303 ; Helen,
iv, 35 2 n

Swansey, Anne, iv, 122 n; Edw., iv,
122 n; Hugh, iv, 122 n; Rob.,

iv, I22#

Swartbank, iii, 231
Swartmoor, iii, 77 n
Sweating sickness, iv, 142; see also

Plague
Swedenborgians, New Jerusalem

Ch., iii, 236; iv, 52, 78, 183, 217,

222, 248 «, 250, 274, 302, 351,

392, 396, 404; v, 41, 92, 107 n,

133, 141, 150, 169, 255
Sweet Green, v, 243 n ; ch., v, 250
Sweeting, Jno., iv, 63 »
Sweetlove, Jno., iv, 163 \n
Swenelegh, Gilb. de, iii, 440 n
Swerton, Rich., iv, 380 «
Swettenham, Bertha, iii, 352 ; Thos.,

see Willis ; Will., iii, 352
Swift, Anne, iii, 101, 211 n; Arth.,

iii, 283 n ; Joan, iii, 283 ; Jno., iii,

101, 2ii n, 283 ; Marg., iii, 283 ;

Pet., iii, 283-4 ; fam., iii, 283
Swillington, iii, 436 n ; ch., iii, 436 n
Swillington, Ad. de, iii, 436 n ; Sir

Ad. de, v, 89 n ; Marg. de, v, 89 n
Swinbodeslache, v, 19 n
Swinbourn, Jno., iii, 367 n
Swinburne, Stanley, v, 66 ; Will., v,

19

Swindells, Eliz., iv, 287 » ; Jas., iv,

287 n
Swineclough, v, 99 n, 101 n ; see

also Alexandra Park

INDEX

Swinepit Clough, iv, 84 n
Swineshead, v, 206 72, 230 ; Abbey,

iv, 277
Swineshead, Hen. de, v, 230 72;

Rob. de, v, 230 n ; Will, de, v,

230 n

Swineshurst, man., iv, 393 n
Swinestiker, v, 220 n
Swinford, Eliz. de, v, 246 n ; Jno.

de, v, 246 n
Swinlegh, Jno. de, see Huntingdon,

archd. of

Swinley, iv, 68, 77 ; ch., iv, 77
Swinley Carr, iv, 101 n
Swinley, Alice de, iv, 76 n ; Hugh

de, v, 295 n; Jno. de, iv, 76 n;

v, 29572; Rog. de, iv, 120 n; v,

295 n

Swinleyhurst, v, 295 n
Swinton, iii, 441 n ; iv, 352 n, 370 72,

375-7 *, 379 «> 384*, 3^8 n-g,

397 ; v, 204 ; char., iv, 362 n ;

ch., iv, 391 ; Nonconf., iv, 392, 404;

Rom. Cath., iv, 392 ; sch., iv, 376
Swinton Moor, iv, 370 n, 379 n, 390
Swinton, Alex, de, iv, 389 n ; Ellis

de, iv, 389 n ; Elota de, iv, 389 n ;

Godwin de, iv, 389 n ; Griffith, iv,

272 ; Marg. de, iv, 390 n ; Rich.

de, iv, 389 n ; Will, de, iv, 389 n
Swithel Hills, iv, 89 n
Sydney, bp. of, Fred. Barker, iii,

i8n
Syers, Phil., iii, 99 n ; Thos., iii, 94,

99
Syfrethelegh, Syfrethley, see Sifred-

lea

Sygyn, Will., iv, 194
Sykes, Sylvester, v, 115 n
Syme, Rob., see Tristram
Symon, Jno., iv, 259
Symondeshurst, iii, 333 n
Symonds, Rob., v, in n ; Thos., v,

133

Tabley, Ralph de, iv, 130 n
Tacey, Edw., iv, 269 n
Tacleibrook, v, 1747*
Tagun, Alward, v, 101 n ; Maud, v,

101 n ; Ralph, v, 94, 101
Tahaureise, v, 19 n
Tailor, Alice, iv, 318 «; Cecily, v,

279 n ; Hugh, iv, 170 n ; Jno., iv,

1 1 6, 170 n; v, 279 72; Lettice, iv,

11672; see also Taylor
Talbot, Eliz., iii, 267 ; Isabel, v,

165 n ; Jno., iv, 239 n \ v, 204 n ;

Mary, v, 204 n ; Rob., v, 204 n ;

Sir Thos., iii, 267 ; fam., v, 203
Taldeford, Aug. de, iii, 254 n;

Emma de, iii, 254 n ; Hugh de,

iii, 254 n ; Rich, de, iii, 254 n ;

Rob. de, iii, 254 n
Taldford,field, iii, 25 1 n
Taleor, iv, 114 n
Talpeshaw, iv, 13972
Tame, R., iv, 311, 314, 322, 326,

338, 346 n
Tamworth, Alex, de, iv, 126 ; Nich.

de, v, 27 n
Tandle Hill, v, 173
Tange, see Tonge
Tanner, fam., iv, 76 »
Tanners, v, I43~4
Tansouere, Thos. de, iii, 418, 420
Tapestry, iv, 58, 189 ; v, 50, 278
Tapps, Geo. J., iii, 229 n
Tarbock, iii, i5i-3«, 16472, 175-6*

181-2, 351, 38772, 39272; chap.,

Tarbock (cont.)

iii, 177, 182; char., iii, 157 «;
Hall, iii, 176, 18172; man., iii,
7072-1 72, 154, 158, 169, 177, 180-
i ; iv, 99 ; v, 273-4 ; mkt. and
fair, iii, 177; mills, iii, 181 ;
oratory, iii, 17972, 182; pk., iii,
1 78 n ; see Torbock

Tarbock, Little, iii, 17672

Tarbock, Old, iii, 177 n

Tarbock Green, iii, 176; chap., iii,
182

Tarleton, Cecily de, iii, 77 n ;
Dorothy, iii, 12772; Edw., iii,
ion, 102, 127 n; Eliz., iii, 31 n;
Gilb. (de), iii, 77 «, 103; Hen.
(de), iii, 31 72, 126-7 n '> Janet, iii,
400; Jno. de, iii, 77 n, 127 n; iv,
77; Marg., iii, 127 n ; Rich., iii,
3172, 77 «, 12772, 400; Rob. de,
iii, 7772; Rog., iii, 31 n ; Thos.,
iii, 127, 15072 ; Will, (de), iii, ,31 n,
77 n, 127 n; iv, 91 ; fam., iii, 31,
77, 126 ; iv, 23

Tarlscough, iii, 254, 258, 26on;
moss, iii, 259 n ; wood, iii, 259 n

Tarquin, Sir, legend of, iv, 174 n

Tasburgh, Hen., iii, 85 n

Tasker, Emma, v, 37 n; Jno., iii,
247 n; Rich., v, 37 n; Will., v,

37«

Tasker Place (Worsley), iv, 37972

Tasker's Place (Farnworth), v, 37 «

Tassle, Will., iv, 205 n

Tate, Sir Hen., iv, 53

Tatham, Will, de, iii, 343 n

Tatlock, Ad., iii, 213 n; Agnes, iii,
213 n ; Edw., iii, 248 n ; Eliz., iii,
214,304 ; Ellen, iii, 213 72-14, 304 ;
Frances, iii, 37072; Hen., iii, 18,
55 n, 213 ; Jas., iii, 370 n; Joan,
iii, 213 n; Jno., iii, 183, 192 n,
204, 213-14, 299, 304 ; Kath.,
iii, 213, 299; Marg., iii, 213;
Mathilde, iii, 214 ; Maud, iii,
213 n; Rich., iii, 7472, 192 n,
213-14,297,304; Rob., iii, 213 n;
Thos., iii, 54-5, 204, 213 ; Will.,
iii, 5772, 213 n; fam., iii, 54, 213

Tatlock's House, iii, 55 n

Tatlock's Mill, iii, 299

Tatton, iv, 379 72-80 n ; Lodge, iv,
291

Tatton, Hester, iv, 213 n; Rob. de,
iv, 298 n ; Will., iv, 213 n

Taunton, Tongton, (Ashton), iv,
24072,338-9,345

Tawd, R., iii, 238, 248, 254 n, 282 ;
iv, 91

Tawdbridge (Lathom), iii, 254

Tawd Bridge (Upholland), iv, 91

Tawd Mill, iii, 264 n

Tawd Vale Colliery disaster, iii,
248 n

Taylier, Hen., v, 156 ; Jas., v, 156

Taylor, Abra., v, 98 n ; Ad., iii,
378 72; & Co., v, 124; Anne, iii,
247 n, 367 n; Cecily, iii, 410 n;
Edm., iii, 382/2, 4 ion ; iv, 25672,
272; v, 9972, 11472; Eleanor, v,
99 n; Eliz., v, 99 n; Gabriel, v,
191 n ; Geo., iv, 373 n ; v, 206 ;
Gilb., iii, 424 n ; v, 301 n ; Hannah,
iv, 277 n; Hen., iii, 106 ; Hilda,
iii, 50 ; Hugh, iv, 391 ; Humph.,
iii, 410 n; Jas., iv, 277 n; v,
1 14 72, 121 72, 230 ; Jane, iv, 146 n ;
Jno., iii, 97 », 307, 367; iv, 147,
176, 254 ; v, 95 n, 99 », 1 14 72, 206,
301 n ; Jno. E., iv, 309 ; Jos., iv,

395

Taylor (cont)

346 n -, Josh., iv, 266 72 ; Kath., v,
9972; Lawr., v, 15072; Martin,
v, 1972; Mary, iv, 26872, 34672;
Nich., iii, 311 ; Oliver, iv, 12972 ;
Pat, iii, 24 72 ; Ralph, iii, 382 72,
41072; v, 11472,22172; Rich., iii,
311 72, 31472 ; iv, 256, 27772,
27972; Rob., iv, 122; v, 1972,
22172; Rog., v, 9972; Sam., iii,
365, 375 » 5 iv, 268, 277 72, 308 ;
v, 55; Sarah, iv, 20172, 27772;
Thos., iii, 34772, 353, 410 ; iv, 74,
8i72, 14672, 27772; v, 140; Will.,
iii, 374 n ; Zachariah, iv, 278 72 ;
Zachary, iii, 245 ; fam., iv, 277 ;
v> 55> 99> 114 >' see also Tailor

Taylor Park, iii, 375

Tebaut, Hen., iii, 266 72

Tedder, Gabriel, v, 16872; Mary, vr
16872

Teinturer, fam., iv, 76 72

Tele, Agnes, iv, 30372; Rob., ivr

303 *

Tempest, Dame Alice, v, 18472,
26472; Chas., iii, 31672; Sir
Chas., v. 6; Sir Chas. R., iii,
338; v, n ; Dowsabel, v, 26472;
Edw., iv, 87, 97 ; Eliz., iii, 295 ;
v, n, 298; Frances O., iii, 338;
Henrietta, iii, 295 ; Hen., v, 1 1 ;
Jno., iii, 295 ; Fr. Tno., see Har-
desty ; Sir Jno., iii, 194; Jno. P.,
iii, 295 ; Mary E., v, n ; Nich.,
iii, 71 72 ; Sir Rich., v, 184 72, 264 ;
Sir Rob., v, 18472; Sir Rob. R.,
iii, 295 ; Steph., v, 1 1, 298 ; Steph.
W., iii, 338 ; Thos. R., iii, 295 ;
Sir Tristram T., iii, 288, 295 ;
Will., iv, 77

Templars, iii, 1 14 72

Tentersfield, v, 128

Tent Methodists, iv, 249

Teos (c. 1066), iii, 198

Teribrook, v, 81 72

Terisse Meadows, Gt. and Little^
iii, 425

Terneshaw Brook, iv, 1 19 72

Terrebrook, v, 79 72

Tetlaw, Reyno(a)ld, iii, 11772, 386

Tetlow, iv, 217 72- 1 8, 260 72-1, 399 72 ;
man., iv, 327 72

Tetlow, Ad. de, iv, 218 72-19 M> 341 n>
345 72; v, 9672, 9872, 10872-972,
11472; Agnes, iv, 24572; Alex.
de, v, 9672, 11472; Alice de, iv,
21972, 398; v, 4072, 7772, 9672;
Amabel, Anabil de, iv, 21972; v,
96 72, 98 72 ; Anne, iv, 245 72 ; v,
98 72 ; Arth., v, 96 72 ; Edm., v,

98 72, IO2 72, 107 72 ; Eliz., iv, 244 72 J

Ellen, v, 98 72 ; Geo., v, 98 72 ;
Hen., iv, 245 72 ; Hugh de, v, 96 72,
98 72 ; Isabel, iv, 200 72 ; Jane, v,
97 ; Joan (de), iv, 398 ; v, 48 72,
98 72 ; Jno., iv, 245 72, 309, 345 72 ;
v, 96 72, 98 72, 107 72, 1 14 72 ; Jordan
de, iv, 21972, 398; v, 4072, 7772,
98 72 ; Kath., v, 97 72 ; Lawr., iv,
34572; v, 96; Mary, v, 9772,
1 14 72 ; Rich, (de), iv, 200 72,

219 72, 245 72 ; V, 95 72-6, 98 72 J

Rob. (de), iv, 244 72 ; v, 77 72, 96 72-
7 72, 99 72, 109 72 ; Rog. de, v, 96 72 ;
Sarah A., iv, 363 72 ; Thos., ivr
245 72 ; Thurstan de, v, 77 72 ;
Titus, iv, 352 72 ; Will., iv, 264 72 ;•
fam., iv, 218, 245 ; v, 96, 114

Teuland, Jno. de, iii, 263 72

Teulond, Ad. de, iii, 266 72

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Teutonicus, Sir Baldwin, see Tyas
Teynturer, Will, le, see Lycester
Thatchleach, v, 88
Thatto, iii, 358 n ; Brook, iii, 358 »
Thatto Heath, iii, 362, 365, 375 n ;

Nonconf., iii, 367 ; Rom. Cath.,

iii, 367

Thatto Heath Park, iii, 375 n
Theale Moor, iv, 265-6 n, 270; v,

"5

Thelebrook, iv, 292 n

Thele lache, iv, 102 n

Thelisacre, iii, 397

Thelwall (Ches.), iii, 320, 336 n; iv,

II2J*
Thelwall, Hugh de, v, 206 n ; Thos.,

iii, 94 ; Walt., iii, 90 «
Thetwall, see Thatto
Theumannes Croft, iv, 292 n
Thewlis, Chris., iv, 94 n ; Ven. Jno.,

iv, 94 ; Shaw, iii, 316 n
Thicketford, v, 255
Thickholt, iii, 330
Thicknesse, Fran. H., see Leicester,

bp. of

Thickstone, Rich., v, 149
Thingwall, iii, I, II «, 13 n, 25 n, 43,

102, 105 n, 112, 168-9 > iy> IO5 n i

Hall, iii, 113; man., iii, 113;

Amery de, iii, 173 n; Hugh de, iii,

113, 142 n ; Jno. de, iii, 29 n, 113;

Rich, de, iii, 29 «, 113, I73«;

Rob. de, iii, Ii3«, 17 3 n ; Rog.

de, iii, 113, 173;*; Will, de, iii,

H3

Thinholt, iii, 330

Thirlewinde, Hugh, v, 1 1 n ; Kath.,
v, n n

Thirlmere, water supply from, iv,
237 ; aqueduct, v, 7

Thirlwind, Alice, iv, 378 n ; v, 30 n ;
Thos., iv, 378 n ; v, 30 «

Thistleton, man., iii, 232

Thorn, Dr. Dav., iv, 50 n

Thomas, of the Cross, iii, 256 «;
the Barber, v, 219 #; the Chap-
lain, iii, 35 n ; iv, 358 n ; the
Choffer, v, 82 n; the Clerk, iii,
194, 197; v, 19 «, 214 n; the
Clerk, Emma w. of, iii, 194, 197 ;
the Demand, iii, 68 n ; the Fores-
ter, iii, 144 n -, the Hermit, iv,
329 n ; the Jew, Alice w. of, iv,
74 n; the Miller, v, i82#; the
Parson, v, 157; the Receiver, iv,
I33#; the Reeve, iii, 427; the
Roper, Alice dau. of, v, 33 n ; the
Small, v, 20 ; the Smith, iii, 396 n,
399 ; the Thrower, iii, 181 n

Thomas, Fran. E., iv, 302 ; Jno., iii,
225 ; iv, 301 « ; Sam., iii, 65 n

Thomason, Geo., v, 140 n ; Jas., iv,
67 n ; Jno., iv, I53«

Thomasson, Gilb., iii, 85 n ; J. P.,
v, 249 ; Rich., iv, 164 ; Vane, iv,

44-5

Thomasson Park, v, 251
Thompson, — , iii, 149 ; Annie, iii,

113; Chris., iv, 128; Hen., iii,

396 w, 399 «; Hen. Y., iii, n«;

Jas. D., iii, 229 ; Jno., iii, 39 n ;

Jos., iv, 45 ; Rich., iv, 155 ; Sam.,

iii, 113 ; Will., iii, 65 «, 106, 391 ;

iv, 136
Thomson, Chas. P., iv, 235 n ; Jos.,

iii, 64 ; Will., iv, 349
Thoraldstub, iii, 260 n
Thorisbrook, iv, 319
Thorley, Nich., iv, 284
Thornback Pool, iii, 66 «, 85

Thorncliffe, v, I73«

Thorne, Cecily, iii, 83 ; Hen. del, v,
270 n; Nich. de, iii, 105 ; Rich.,
iii, 83 ; Will, del, v, 270 »

Thornes, the, iii, 430

Thornfield Clerk, iii, 194

Thornham, v, 112, 151, 159, 161 «,

169 #, 171, 173, 202 n ; char., v,
i6o«-i ; man.,v, 173; Nonconf.,

v, 174

Thornham Fold, v, 173
Thornham Hill, v, 173
Thornham, Jno. de, v, 220 n
Thorn haugh, Eliz., iv, 232
Thornhill, Jordan de, iii, 46 ;

Quenilda de, iii, 46-7 n, 53
Thornholme, Walt, de, iv, 127
Thornhurst Brook, iv, 87 n
Thornihead, Rob. de, iii, 144 «
Thornihevet, see Thornyhead
Thorniley, Thos., iv, 204
Thornley (Ashton), iv, 338 n
Thornley (N. Lanes.), man., iii,

160 n, 162 n, 321 n
Thornley, Edm., v, 234
Thorns, the, (Garston), iii, 1 26 n
Thorns, the, (Little Bolton), v, 25 1
Thornton (Chadderton), v, 31 n,

170 n

Thornton (Middleton), see Thorn-
ham

Thornton (Sefton), iii, 58, 65 n-Sn,
75-6, 79, 83 n, 181 n, 203, 211 «,
253 n ; v, 285 n-6 n ; char., iii, 66;
man., iii, 68 n, 70 «, 76, i6o«,
212 n, 318 «; mill, iii, 65, 78

Thornton Holmes, iii, i6o«

Thornton Hough, iv, 76 n

Thornton, Ad., iii, 76, Son ; Agnes
de, iii, 96 n ; Alice de, iii, 76 n,
123 n ; Amery de, iii, 76-7 n;
Christina de, iii, 12372; Eawin,
iii, 76 ; Emma de, iii, 227 n ;
Geoff, de, iii, 77 n ; Gilb. (de), iii,
73, 76 ; iv, 77 ; Hen. de, iii, 76 n-
jn, 123 n ; Hugh, iv, 153 «; Jno.,
iii, 126 n; iv, 77 ; Marg. de, iii,
77 n; Mary, iii, 18 ; Maud, iii,

76 n ; Rich, de, iii, 72 «, 76, 1 23 n,
210 n ; Rob. (de), iii, 76-7 n, Son,
210; v, 164 «; Rog. de, v, 192;
Sim. de, iii, 76-7, 123 n, 216 n;
Thos. de, iii, 77 n ; v, 295 n ;
Walt, de, iii, 77 n ; Will, de, iii,

77 n, 96 n, 227 n ; fam., iii, 75
Thornyditch, iv, 303 n
Thornyhead (Butter worth), v, 220 n
Thornyhead (Hale), iii, 143 n
Thornyhead , Thornihevet, (H alsall ?),

iii, 19372, 266 n
Thornyhead, Rob. de, iii, 126
Thorp, iii, 209 n
Thorp, Ad. de, iii, 211 ; Goditha de,

iii, 213 ; Rich, de, iii, 211 ; Thos.

de, iii, 21 2 #-13
Thorpe, v, 10772, 112, 114
Thorpe, Jno., iv, 274 «, 310 »;

Ralph, iv, 274 n
Thorpe's Brook, iii, 57 w
Thorpe's Fields, -iii, 57 n
Thralam, v, 46
Three Houses, iv, 345
Three Lane Ends (Pilsworth), v, 169
Three Lanes Ends (Kirkby), iii, 53
Threleholmes, iii, 230 n
Threlkeld, Thos., v, 200 n
Threpfield, v, 163 n
Thropp, Rog., v, 247 «
Throstlehill, v, 141
Throstle Nests, iv, 66 n

396

Thrumthorndale, brook, iii, 13 «

Thunwath, Rog., v, 300 n

Thurgarton Priory, iii, 309

Thurleston, Edw., iii, 89 n

Thurnham, iii, 401

Thurnham, Ids. of, iv, 98

Thurnham (?), Constance de, iii,
279 n ; Wylder (?) de, iii, 279 n

Thursaker, Hugh de, iv, now

Thurstan, Denise dau. of, iii, 49

Thurstan, Edw., iii, 284

Thurstanshaches, iii, 358 «

Thyer, Rob., iv, 186

Tib, R., iv, 222, 241 n

Tibb's Cross, iii, 402

Tickhill, hon. of, iii, 249

Tickhill Castle, v, 89 n

Tickle, Edw., iii, 221 n ; Jno., iii,
90 n, 224; Margery, iii, 221;
Rich., iii, 8$; Thos., iii, 221 n;
Thomasine, iii, 381 n

Tillingham (Essex), char., iii, 289 n

Tillington, iii, 25 1 n

Tillotson, Josh., v, 221

Tilsley, Jno., iv, 264 n ; v, 4

Tilson, Hen., v, 198 n ; see also
Elphin, bp. of

Tiltey (Essex), abbey of, iii, 325

Timber Bottom, v, 274 n

Timberhead, iv, 13872

Timperley, v, 5 1 n

Tiniperley, Chas. H., iv, 186

Tindall, Edw. A., iv, 297

Tingreave, man., v, 13 n

TinteCarr, v, ,121 n

Tintwisle, Will de, iv, 3i9«

Tipper, Will., iii, 259 n ; iv, 93 »

Tippesbrook, iv, 393 »

Tipping, Anne, v, 253 n ; Eliz., iv,
245 n ; Gartside, v, 253 ; Geo., iv,
237 #, 245 n, 261 n ; Isabel, iv,
245 n; Jane, v, 176 «; Jno., iii, 441;
iv, 245 n, 384 n ; v, 253 n ; Martha,
iii, 441 ; Mary, iv, 245 n ; Rich.,
iv, 245 n ; Rob., iv, 371 n ; Sam.,
iv, 245 n, 263 ; Thos., iv, 90,
288 n\ v, 176 «, 253; Will. W.,
iii, 407 ; fam., iv, 245

Tippup, fam., iv, 10

Titterington, Jno. de, v, 22 n

Tittleshaw, v, 145 »; Brook, v,
145 n

Tobacco pipes, manuf. of, iii, 382

Tochetcroft, iv, 31 2 n

Tockholes, iv, 94 «, 21 1-12 n

Todd, Jno., iii, 263 n

Tode Hill, iii, 380 n

Todmorden, v, 170^,188, 190-1 «,
230, 232-3 ; adv., v, 233 ; boro.,
v, 232 ; chap., v, 233 ; chapelry,
v, 222 ; char., v, 201 n ; chs., v,
232-3 ; Hall, v, 230 ; man., v,
230-1 n ; mkts. and fairs, v, 232 ;
Nonconf., v, 200 n, 233-4 ; Rom.
Cath., v, 234 ; sch., v, 201 n

Todmorden and Walsden, v, 187,
189, 222, 229, 232

Todmorden, Ringge of, v, 230 n

Todmorden Canal, v, 201

Todmorden Hey, v, 230 n

Todmorden, Rog. de, v, 230 n

Toft, Alice de, iv, 267 n ; Hugh de,
iv, 267 n ; Rob. de, iv, 267 n

Tokens, iii, 91, 169, 262, 307 «,
353, 4M, 435 5 iv, 69, 179, 259,
271, 340; v, 12, 20, 94, 121 «,
129, 190, 273
Tomline, Geo., v, 91 n
Ton, Mich, del, v, 229 « ; Will, del,
v, 229 n

INDEX

Tong (Spotland), v, 211

Tong End, v, 206 «

Tong Moss, v, 226 n

Tong, Hen., v, 38 n ; Jno., v, 38 n ;
Rich, de, iv, 344 n ; Rob. de, iv,
344 n ; Will., iv, 364

Tonge (Bolton), v, 245 «, 252, 255 ;
char., v, 242 ; ch., v, 259 ; man.,
v, 255 ; mills, v, 255 ; Moor, v,
255, 259; Nonconf., v, 260

Tonge (Prestwich), v, 67-8, 85, 161,
i66«, 169; ch., v, 87; Hall, v,
86 ; Moor, v, 85 ; man., v, 85

Tonge, R., v, 12, 14 n, 182, 251,
253, 255, 263

Tonge-cum-Breightmet, v, 268 n

Tonge Fold, v, 255; Nonconf., v,
260

Tonge-with-Haulgh, v, 235, 249,

255

Tonge, Alice (de), v, 86-7, 292 n ;
Asheton, v, 86 ; Ashton, v, 86 n ;
Chris., v, 79 n, 86, 168 n ; Dorothy,
v, 86 ; Ellen, v, 86 ; Elias de, v,
255 «; Ellis de, v, 252 «, 255 n ;
Esther, v, 86 n ; Gilb. de, v, 255,
259 n ; Hen. (de), v, 85-7 «, 223 n;
Jane, v, 86 ; Jno. de, v, 85 «-6,
252 n, 255 «, 259 «, 261 «;
Jonathan, v, 86 ; Marg., v, 86 n ;
Mary, v, 86 «, 223 » ; Rich., v,
55 », 79, 85~7 J Rog. de, v, 292 « ;
Thos., iv, 1 10 ; v, 85-6 ; Will,
de, v, i5o«, 255; Winifred, v,
86 n

Tongton, see Taunton

Tongton, Ad. de, iv, 344 « ; Jordan
de, iv, 344 n

Tongue Sharps, iv, 281 n

Tonman, Dorothy, iii, 107 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 232 ; Thos., iii, 107

Tontine, iv, 91

Tonwallcliff, v, 210 n

Tonwallcliff, Jno. de, iv, 244 n ; v,
2io» ; Rich, de, v, 210 n

Tootal, Edw., iv, 362 n

Too tell, iv, 145 «

Tootell, Anne, v, 8 ; Hen., iv, 146 «;
Rich., iv, 77 ; v, 1 29 ; Fr. Thos.,
iv, 148;*; see also Tootill, Tot-
hill

Tootill, Totehill, Emma, Emotte, de,
iii, 443 ; iv, 388 ; Hen. de, iii, 443;
iv, 388 ; Margery de, iii, 443 ; iv,
388 ; see also Tootell, Tothill

Tootill Bridge, v?-2$$

Tope, Sim., iii, 260 n

Topping, Jonathan, iii, 420 ; Rob.,
iv, 94 « ; Thos., iv, 94 «

Toppings, v, 273 ; ch., v, 281 ;
Nonconf., v, 281

Torbock, see Tarbock

Torbock, Alice (de), iii, 171 «, 178 ;
Dame Cecily de, iii, 180; Dame
Clemence, iii, 181 « ; Clemency
de, iii, 179 ; Edw., iii, 54 n, 146 n,
155, 180-1 ; Sir Edw., iii, 154,
1 80- 1 ; Eliz. de, v, 274 ; Ellen
de, iii, 54 n, 123 «, 177, 181, 351,
404 ; iv, 84 «, 9&»-9* ; v, 273 «,
279 n ; Frances, iii, 180; Geo., iii,
54 n, 181 ; Hannah, iv, 99 n; Hen.
(de), iii, 123 «, 178-9,181, 192 «,
351 ; iv, 98-9 n, 331 n; v, 273 n-
4», 279 «; Sir Hen. de, iii, 177,
179-81 ; v, 274 n ; Isabel de, iii,
179 ; Jane, iii, 206 n ; Joan de, iii,
179 »; Jno. (de), iii, 54 «, 177,
179, 181, 206 n; iv, 99 «; v, 274 ;
Kath. de, iii, 179 ; Marg., iii, 180;

Torbock (cont.)

Margery de, iii, 181 « ; Maud de
iv, 99 n ; Rich, de, iii, 1 77-8
1 80; SirRich.de, iii, 178-9; v
274 «; Rob. (de), iii, 177, 367 n
Sim. de, iii, 181 n ; Thos. (de), iii
54 «, 171 n, 180, 335 «, 393 w
Will, (de), iii, 180, 182; Sir Will.
(de), iii, 54 «, 180 ; fam., iii, 54

Tordal Syke, iv, 370 n

Torhawe, v, 274 n

Tor Hill, v, 150

Torkraell, iii, 283 n

Torlock, iv, n8«

Tornedeheg, iv, 377 n

Torrisholme, man., iii, 14, 162 n

Torthalen, iv, 370 «

Totehill, see Tootill

Tothale, Will, de, iii, 118

Tothill, Marg.. iv, 107 n ; Rich., iv,
107 n ; see also Tootell, Tootill

Tottill House, iii, 349 n

Tottington, iii, i6o«; v, 67, 71,
91 n, 124, i29«, 133, 143-4, 223,
268 ; chs., v, 148-9 ; fair, v, 144 ;
man. or fee, v, 116, 142-4 ; Non-
conf., v, 149 ; Rom. Cath., v, 150

Tottington, Id. of, iv, 171 ; v, 129

Tottington Frith, v, 125 n

Tottington Higher End, v, 123,
143-4 ; rds., v, 144

Tottington Lower End, v, 6«, 123,
I29«, 143-4 ; char., v, 128 ; fair,
v, 143 ; rds., v, 143

Tottington Moor, v, 144

Tottington, Ad. de, v, 147 n \ Alex,
de, v, 147 n ; Hen. de, v, 147 n ;
Mabel de, v, 147 n ; Rob. de, v,
145 « ; Uriel de, v, 145 n

Totty, Jno., iii, 63, 83 «

Touchet, Thos., iii, 36 n

Tough Hey, iv, 270 «

Tounton, Rob. de, iv, 344 n

Tours, Emma de, iii, 53 n ; Will, de,

i», 53 »

Towers, Geo., v, 98 «
Town, Margery del, iii, 283 »
Towne, Rob., v, 140 «, 233 n
Towneley, Eliz., v, 230 « ; Ellen, v,
38 w; Fran., iv, i8o«; Hen., v,
38 «; Jno., v, 171 n; Nich.,
iv, 62 ; v, 198 n ; Rich., v, 147 «,
171 «, 198 «; fam., v, 203; see
Townley

Townend, iii, 347 #-8 »
Town Green, iii, 284-5, 299 n
Town House, v, 229
Town House, Lower, v, 229
Town House, Upper, v, 229 n
Townley, Eliz., v, 204 n ; Frances,
iv, 285 n ; Sir Gilb., iii, 162 n ;
Isabel de, iii, 335 n ; Jas., iv, 186;
Jno. de, iii, 335 n; Rich, (de), iii,
335 n ; iv, 285 n ; v, 215-16 ; see
Towneley

Town Row (Altcar), iii, 225 n
Town Row (W. Derby), iii, u, 16*
Townrowhey, iii, 15 n
Town's Croft, iii, 247 n
Townsend, fam., iii, 240
Townsend Fold, v, 150
Townsend Mill, iv, 9
Townson, Alice, v, no« ; Sam., v,

lion

Towson, Sam., v, 106
Toxteth Park, iii, 2, 5, 40, 43, 71 n,
120-1 n, 159 n; iv, 6, II, 13, 20,
36, 38 ; chap., iii, 41-2 «, 44 ; iv,
20 ; chs., iii, 43 ; docks, iii, 40-1 ;
fishery, iii, 43 n ; Greeks, iii, 45 ;

397

Hay of, iii, 42 ; hosps., iii, 41 ;
Jews, iii, 45 ; man., iii, 41, 95 •
New House, Three Sixes, iii,
41 «; Nonconf., iii, 41 n, 43-4 ;
iv, 25; pk., iii, 5, 42-3, i6o«,
182 ; Park Coffee House, iii, 41 ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 44 ; schs., iii, 41 ;
sts., iii, 41

Toxteth Park, forester and keeper,
iii, 42-3; iv, 12

Toxteth Park cum Smithdown, iii,
44 n

Toxteth, Ad. de, iii, 125-6; Anne,
iii, 119; Ellen, iii, 126, 300;
Jas., iii, 126; Jno. (de), iii, i6«,
119, 126; Marg. de, iii, 126;
Margery de, iii, 1 26 ; Rich, de,
iii, 1 23, 1 26 ; Rog. de, iii, 1 26 ;
Thos. de, iii, 126; Will, de, iii,
126 n

Trafford, Old, iv, 329-30 ; chs., iv,
335 ; exhibitions, iv, 184, 330 ;
the Great Stone, iv, 330 ; man.,
iv, 330 ; Nonconf., iv, 335

Trafford land, see Heald, Gt. and
Little

Trafford Park, iv, 363, 375 ; Hall,
iv, 335 «, 375 ; R°m- Cath., iv,
376 ; see also Whittleswick

Trafford, Ad. de, iii, 446-7 ; v, 5 1 n ;
Agnes, iv, 332 « ; Alan de, v,
79 n ; Alex., iv, 332 n ; Alice (de),
iii, 447 ; iv, 240 «-i «, 332, 374 «,
405; Amice de, v, 52^, 55 «;
Anabil de, v, 285 « ; Anne, iv,
240 «, 333 n; v, 167 «; Ant, iv,
332 «; Bartin, iv, 238 «; Cath.,
iy» *59 5 Cecil, iv, 368 ; Sir Cecil,
iv, 145 «, 330, 332 «-3, 371 «, 375,
385 ; Cecily (de), iii, 446 ; iv,
399 «, 405 » J v, 55 n ; Edm. (de),
iv, 207 «, 292, 303 «, 333, 367,
399 n ; v, 41 «, 83 «, 269 n, 281 n ;
Sir Edm. (de), iv, 144 «, 200,
23i«, 245 n, 253, 278 n, 308 «,
332, 334, 342 n, 367 », 374 n ; v,
41 «, 5i«-2, 90 n, io8«, ii6#,
2i2#, 267 #-9 «, 274 «, 281 n ;
Eliz., iv, 332 n, 406 n ; v, 90 n ;
Ellen (de), iii, 400 n, 408 n ; iv,
240 «, 245 «, 253 «; Frances, iv,
333 n; Geoff, (de), iv, 2io«,
242 «, 265, 331 « ; v, 51 n; see
also Chadderton ; Sir Geoff., iii,
i6o«; Geo., iv, 24O»-i«;
Hawise de, v, 51-2; Hen. (de),
iii, 423; iv, 200 «, 237«-8«,
240 «, 246 «, 25 2-3 w, 259 «,
292 », 294, 298 «, 328 «, 330-2,
374 », 398 n, 405 « ; v, 5 1-2, 55 «,
79, io8«, n6#, 260, 269 n,
281 n; Sir Hen. de, iii, 404 «;
iv, 116, 211 «, 241 n, 289 «, 331 ;
v, Ii6« ; Humph., iv, 109 «, 333,
406 n ; v, 167 n ; Sir Humph, de,
iv, 333, 376 n ; Sir Humph. F. de,
iv, 333 ; Isabel, iv, 240 « ; Jane,
iii, 400 n ; iv, 240 « ; Joan de, v,
51 «; Jno. (de), iv, io9«, 159,
164, 238 #, 240 », 246 n, 281,
331-4, 3755 v, 5i-2«, 55 n,
78 n-g n ; Sir Jno., iv, 242 n,
332 ; v, 117, 26gn, 281 n ; Jordan
de, iv, 252 n ; Lora (Loreta) de,
iv, 331 «, 405 #; Lucy de, iii,
423 ; Marg. (de), iv, 240 «, 328 «,
331 «-2, 367 ; Margery, iv, 144 n ;
Mildred, iv, 333 ; Nich. de, iv,
238 «, 292 «, 308 n, 331 n ; v, 72,
78 n-g n ; Penelope, iv, 385 ;

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Trafford (cont^

Pet, iv, 345 «; Piers de, iv,
332 n ; Ralph (de), iv, 240 n-i n,
330-1 «, 405 n ; Randulf de, iv,
330 ; Rich, de, iv, 259 «, 292 n,
308 «, 330-1, 405 n; v, 79 «,
io8«~9«, 116; Sir Rich, de, v,
285 n; Rob. de, iv, 253 «, 303 n-
5 «, 330-2 «, 372 n, 405 n ; Thos.
(de), iii, 400 «, 408 n ; iv, 240 »,
242 «, 253«, 311, 33i«-2«,
405 n ; v, 55 n ; Sir Thos. de, iv,
335 n ; Sir Thos. J. de, iv, 333 ;
Thomasine, iv, 240 n ; Will, de,
iv, 331 n; fam., iv, 109, 200 «,
240, 244 «, 252-3, 259 », 292,
33°> 362, 375, 405; v, 51, 55,
1 08, 203

Tranmere, see Tranmole

Tranmole, Tranmoor, Tranmore,
Jno.de, iii, 125^; Rich, de, iii,
I25#, 143 #-4 »; Rog. de, iii,
125 « ; Will, de, iii, 125 «, 144 »;
fam., iii, 125

Trapps, Fran., iii, 417; Rob., iii,

417

Trastans Clough, iv, I34«

Travers, Ad., iii, 348 ; Agnes, iii,
434 ; Alice, iii, 349 ; Dorothy, iii,
190-1 «; v, I26»; Edm., iv,
395 n ; Ellen, iii, 401 n; Geoff.,
iii, 254-5 n; Hen., iii, 13 #,283,

348, 350-1, 372 «-3 «, 434 ; Jas.,
"i, 373 » 5 Janet, iv, 395 n ; Jno.
(de), iii, 283 «, 341, 349-50, 373 »,
377«-8»; v, 72; Marg., iii,
349; Matth., iii, 35 2 n, 373 n ;
Maud, iii, 350 n ; Pet., iii, 189-90,
284 n; iv, 87, 126; Rich., iii,
348-51 ; Rob., iii, 283, 348-9,
373 »; Rog., iii, 348-9; Thos.,
iii, 349, 401 n\ iv, 303 «, 395 n\
Will., iii, 350, 373 n ; fam., iii,

349, 373, 377

Traves, Jno., iv, 203 ; Thos., iv,

203
Travice, Hen., iii, 415,421 ; see also

Travers
Travis, Anne, iv, 240 «, 245 «,

255 n; Dan., iv, 255 ; Edw., iii,

382 ; Geo., iv, 245 n ; v, 229-30 n ;

see also Chester, archd. of;

Gervase, iii, 89 n ; Hen., iii, 416 ;

Hugh, iv, 240 n; Jno., iv, 255^,

25772, 266 n; v, 230 n ; Marg.,

iv, 245 n ; Pet., see Travers ;

Rich., iv, 257 n ; Sarah, v, 230 n ;

Thos., iv, 245 «; fam., iv, 277 »,

303 n ; see also Travers
Treales, man., iii, 162 n
Treeley, v, 51
Tremouille, Charlotte de la, iii, 163,

167, 243 «; see also Derby,

ctss. of

Trenchfield, iii, 286 n
Trentham, Thos. de, iii, 361 n
Tresham, Isabel, iii, 425 ; v, 279 n ;

Jno., iii, 425 ; v, 279 n ; Meriella,

v, 279 n; Thos., iii, 425; v,

279 n ; Will., iii, 425
Trevett, Jno., iv, 219 «; Kath., iv,

Tripe, Sim., iii, 409 n
Trippet of Ogden, see Ogden
Tristram, Anne, iii, 97 n ; Edm., iii,
433 ; Edw., iii, 260 ; Jane, iii,
433; Jno., iii, 97 «; Marg., iii,
97 n ; Rich., iii, 66 «, 98 ; Rob.,
iii, 97 n ; Thos., iii, 97 n ; fam.,
iii, 97

Trivet, Sir Thos., iii, 158 n
Trobe, Benj. La, iv, 287 n
Trollope, Arth., v, 54 n
Trough, v, 191 «
Trough common, v, 21 in
Troutbeck, Joan de, iii, 335 « ;
Wilfred, iii, 94 ; Will, de, iii,

335 »
Trub Smithy, v, 173 ; Rom. Cath.,

v, 174
True British Catholic Ch., iv,

249

Trulbury, iii, 193 n
Trumpington, Ralph de, v, 197
Trussbiwra, iii, 266 n
Tudor, Gabriel, see Tedder;

Humph., iv, 87 «
Tue, Will., iii, 93 n
Tue Brook, iii, ii«-i2; ch., iii,

19 ; Jews, iii, 19 ; Nonconf., iii,

19

Tue Brook, brook, iii, 1 2, 28

Tuefield(s), iv, 242 », 328 n

Tuger the Elder, iii, 403, 407

Tumuli, iv, 123, 166, 168 ; v, 115

Tunbrook, iii, 14 »

Tunesnape, iii, 201 n

Tunfilde, the, iii, 428

Tungland, iii, 50 n

Tunkercroft, iv, 107^

Tunley, Will, de, iii, 35 1 «

Tunnicliffe, Marg., v, 1387* ; Rob.,
v, 138 n

Tunstall, Alice, v, 36 n; Fran., v,
36 n ; Hen. de, iii, 343 n ; Jas., v,
199; Jno., iv, 135

Tunstall Heads, iv, 145 n

Tunstead (Norf.), iv, 282

Tunstead (Pemberton), iv, 78-9 «,
81-2

Tunstead End, v, 291 n

Tunstede, iii, 283 n

Turf Moss, iv, 298 », 333

Turf Pits, iv, 313 n

Tur Langton (Leic.), iii, 366 n

Turmeris, the, iii, 296 n

Turn, v, 141

Turnacres, iii, 48 n

Turnagh, v, 217

Turnagh Efields, v, 218 n

Turnagh, Ad. de, v, 217, 220 n;
Ellen de, v, 217 n; Geoff, de, v,
214 «, 217 n; Hen. de, v, 217 »;
Nich. de. v, 217 n; Rich, de, v,
2i7«-i8«, 227 n; Rob., v,
233 #-4 #; Will, de, v, 208 «,
217 ; fam., v, 217

Turner, Chas., iii, 41 n ; Grace, iv,
1 19 n ; Greg., iii, 63, 65 ; Jno.,
iv, 274 «; Nich., iv, 131 n;
Rich, le, iii, 433 n ; Rob., iii, 31 ;
Sam., iii, 31 ; v, 193; Thos., iv,
198 «, 274 n ; Will., iv, in, 375

Turnerliche, iii, 197 n

Turnlegh, iii, 408 n

Turn(e)shea Moss, iv, 102, 147

Turnurs Creek, iii, 192 n

Turton, iii, 37 «, 177-8, 180, 425 «;
iv, 150 «, 263-4, 331 n-2 n, 365 n ;
v, 13 «, 31 », 235, 238 «, 268, 270,
273, 280, 285 ; chap., iv, 264 ; v,
241, 279 ; chapelry, v, 280 ; char.,
v, 242-3; ch., v, 279; fair, v,
273; Heights, v, 273; ind., v,
273; man., iii, 179; v, 273;
mills, v, 273; Moor, v, 273;
Moss, v, 286 «; Nonconf., v,
281 ; Rom. Cath., v, 281 ; sch.,
v, 281 ; Tower, v, 273-8

Turton Bottoms, v, 270

398

Turton, Alex, de, v, 261 «, 274 «;
Alice de, v, 274 n ; Cecily de, iii,
37 n\ Ellis de, v, 21 #; Evade,
v, 274 n ', Hen. de, v, 274 n ;
Marg. de, v, 21 #; Margery de,
v, 274 « ; Nich. de, iii, 37 « ; v,
274 » ; Rich, de, iv, 344 n ; v,
274 n\ Rob. de, iv, 344 n ; v,
274 n ; Thos. (de), iv, 107 n ; v,
261 n ; Will, de, v, 274 n

Turve Moss, iv, 290 n

Tush Hey, iii, 76

Tutt, Jno., iii, 113

Twafalward, iii, 29 n

Twaite, Ad., iii, 435

Twantirford, iv, 230 #, 280

Twenty Acres, iv, 292 n

Twigge, Diana, v, 22 n

Twine Pool, iii, 78

Twinegreave, iii, 270 n

Twinose, v, 5 1

Twisleton, Rich, de, iii, 273 »

Twiss, the, (Childwall), iii, 129

Twiss, the, (Culcheth), iv, 164

Twiss Car, iv, 106 n

Twiss Green, iv, 131 n, 156, 163 «;
Nonconf., iv, 165 ; sch., iv, 131 «,
164 n

Twiss Land, iii, 414 n

Twiss Meadow, iv, 163 n

Twiss, Alan del, iv, 164 n\ Eliz., iv,
105 n; Ellen, iv, 105 n ; Gilb.
del, iv, 164 n; Godith del, iv,
164 n; Hugh del, iv, 164 n ;
Margery del, iv, 164 n; Matth.
del, iv, 164 n; Rich, del, iv,
157 #, 164 n; Rog. de or del, iv,
154 #, 157 «, 164 n; {am., iv, 164

Twist, see Twyeste, the

Twist, Higher and Lower, see
Fowley, and Twiss Green

Twist, Jos. W., iv, 165

Twistfield, Rich., v, 198

Twitchills, v, 8

Twofoldhee, v, 202 «, 207 «-8 «

Two Lads, the, (Cairns), v, 7

Twyeste, the, iii, 330

Twyford, Rich., iv, 294 ; Rob., ivr
294, 296^-7, 309; Will., iv,
294 «, 296 «~7, 309

Tyas, Sir Baldwin (le), iv, 283 » ;
v, 213, 220 n ; Joan (le), iv, 283 n ;
v, 213 ; Marg. (Margery), v, 213,
220 n

Tyder, Rich., v, 282 n

Tyldesley, Tyldesley Banks, iii,
4i6«-i7«, 439, 443; iv, 384 w,
388, 390 n; v, 30 #; char., iii,
435, 444 ; Hudman's House, iii,
449 n; man., iii, 318 at, 439, 445 ;
v, 297 ; Nonconf., iii, 444-5 ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 445

Tyldesley Hall (Ditton), iii, 397

Tyldesley Hurst, iii, 440-1

Tyldesley Mosses, iii, 414

Tyldesley-with-Shakerley, iii, 414,
439; ch., iii, 444

Tyldesley, Ad. (de), iii, 379,
439-4°, 444, 448; iv, 164*1,
384 n ; Alice (de), iii, 359 nr
397, 401 n; iv, 152 n, 383; v,
28 n, 31 n; Amice de, iv, 149;
Anne, iii, 322 n, 336, 447; v,
283 #; Ant., iii, 174 ; Cecily der
iv, 119^, 405 n; Col., iv, 20;
Constance, iv, 388 n; Edm., v,.
283 ; Edw., iii, 443, 447 ; iv,
loSn, 161 n, 254 n, 290 n, 384 n ;
v, 283 n ; Eleanor, iv, 161 ; Eliz.,
iii, 1510, 173 », 397 n; v, 31 «,

INDEX

Tyldesley (cent.)

283 n; Ellen (de), iii, 174, 441 «,
446-7; Emota, iii, 1747* ; Fran.,
iii, 174, 397 »; Geoff., iii, 442;
Geo., iii, 174; iv, 384 «; Gilb.,
iv, 384 n ; Hawise de, iii, 431 » ;
Hen. (de), iii, 174, 357 «, 359 «,
397, 431 n, 439-41, 444-6; iv,
384 n ; v, 30 n-i n ; Hugh (de),
iii, 396 »-7, 439-41, 444-6; iv,
267 n, 319 n, 384 n ', Isabel, iii,
I74#; Jas. (de), iii, 174^,447;
iv, i6in, 163, 267 n, 384 «; v,
28 «, 31 «; Joan (de), iii, I74«;
iv, 75 n, I49«; Jno. (de), iii,

J74«> 397 «> 44°-2>' iy> IO2 n>
121 n, 331 n; Lamb., iii, 442;
Lawr., iii, I74»; Lora, v, 31 «;
Marg. (de), iii, 397 «, 441; iv,
io8«, 267 «, 384; v, 204 «,
297 »; Margery (de), iii, I74»,

440 ; iv, 396 n ; Mary, iii, 442 ;
Matth. de, iii, 359 «, 397 ; Mich.,
iii, I5i«, 174; Nich. (de), iii,
88 «, 174, 349 «, 357 », 440-1,
447 J iv, 149 ; v, 72 ; Pet. de, v,
31 »; Ralph (de), iii, 174 «, 397,

441 ; Randle de, iii, 174 n ; Rich,
(de), iii, 1747*, 322 n, 397, 440 «-
2; iv, 152 n, 319 n, 384 n; Rob.
de, iii, 440 ; iv, 267 n ; Rog. de,
iv, 405 ; Sarah, iv, 161 n ; Thos.,
iii, io8», 174, 381, 397 », 409,
441; iv, 75 «, 161, 254 », 379 »,
383 »-4, 390 «, 396 »; v, 28 «,
31 «; Sir Thos., iii, 89, 322 »,
381 «, 416, 443 ; iv, 69 ; v, 283 n ;
Thurstan (de), iii, 336, 409 n, 440-1,
446; iv, io8«, 152^, 288, 3i9»,
349 n, 383-4, 389-90 »; v, 28 »,
60 «, 204, 238 «, 264 «, 283 ;
Will., iii, 174 ; iv, 254 n; v, 31 n ;
fam., iii, 174, 322, 440; iv, 161,

319

Tylecote, Humph., iv, 322, 334 n

Typool, iii, 199 #

Tyrehare, Ad., iii, 203, 213 «;
Rich., iii, 156 «; Rog., iii, I57«

Tyrel, Hugh, iii, 388 »; Jno., iii,
388 «

Tyrell, Jno., iii, 154

Tyrer, Chris., v, 303 ; Geo., iii,
379 »; Hen., iii, 373; Jemima,
iii, 379 « ; Rich., iii, 297 n ; Sarah,
iii, 297 n ; Thos., iii, 379 n

Tyrhare, Edm., iii, 161 »

Tyrone, earl of, v, 201

Tyrone's Bed, v, 201

Tyrry, Hen., v, 229 n

Uctred (c. 1066), iii, 35, 53, 85, 114,
132, 151, 158, 175, 215, 222,248,
265, 276, 283, 292 ; iv, 97

Ugden, Trippet of, see Ogden

Ugshott, v, 211 n

Ulbert (c. 1066), iii, 114

Ulf, clerk, iv, 59 n

Ulfiton, see Woolston

Ulnes Walton, iii, 273 n ; iv, 1 13 n ;
v, 13 n ; man., iii, 69, 162 n

Ulnes Walton, Hen.de, iv, I2O»;
Rob. de, iv, I2O« ; Thos. de, iv,

I2O»

Ulventune, man., iii, 1 14

Ulverston, iii, 160 n ; v, 10 ti-
ll n

Ulveston, Hen. de, iii, 416, 418,
422

Underbill, Anne, v, 264 n

Undskoles, Hen., iv, 388 « ; Marg.,
iv, 388 n

Unitarians, iii, 22, 44, 117, 168,
236, 264, 324, 354, 392, 421, 439,
449; iv, 48«-so, 77, in, 148,
165, 170, 183, 185, 216, 222,
250-1, 254, 258, 262, 273-5, 279,
302, 309, 326, 335, 338, 351,
375-6, 392; v, 9, 56, 92, 107,
133, 141, 169, 182, 200, 234, 251,
281, 294

United Brethren, see Moravians

United Free Gospellers, iii, 19, 22,
40; iv, 50

United Free Methodists, iii, 19, 22,
28, 40, 44, 236, 238, 340, 352,
392; iv, 49, 77, 83, 97, no, 216,
249, 254, 258, 262, 264, 270, 275,
279, 281, 288, 309-10, 338, 375,
396, 404; v, 132, 136, 141, 149,

173, 176, 200, 206, 212-13, 222,
233-4, 250, 254

United Friends, Ch. of, iv, 254,
302, 338

United Methodists, iii, 324, 354,
362

United Presbyterians, iii, 22 n, 324 ;
iv, 48 n

United Secession Ch., iv, 250 n

Universalists, iv, 50

Unsworth, iii, i6o# ; v, 68, 88, 91,
I36«, 170; char., v, 76 ; ch., v,
92 ; Nonconf., v, 92 ; sch., v,
76 «

Unsworth, Edw., iii, 373 n ; iv,
147; Frances, iii, 172; Geo., iv,
83; Gilb., iv, 16372; Rob., v,
136 «; Rog., iv, 277 n ; Will. G.,
iii, 218 ; Thos., iii, 172, 218,
373 ; see also Molyneux-Seel ;
fam., iii, 16, 220 « ; v, 91

Unton, Alice, v, 292 n\ Hugh, v,
292 n ; Jno., v, 292 n ; Rob., v,
288 «~9 «, 292 n ; Rob. H. de,
v, 292 n ; Thos. de, v, 292 n

Upholland, iii, no, 257 «; iv, 57-
60 «, 85 n, 89-91, 94, 99 ; chap.,
iv, 65, 92 «, 94-5; chapelry, iv,
91 ; char., iv, 66 «-8 ; ch., iv,
91, 94-6 ; coll. of priests, iii,
104 ; hall or man.-house, iv,
92 n ; man., iii, 160 «, 164 #-5 n ;
iv, 82 «, 92, loo, 383 n ; mkt. and
fair, iv, 92 ; Nonconf., iv, 97 ;
Pimbo Lane House, iv, 67 ; Rom.
Cath., iv, 97 ; schs., iv, 66 «,

83 «, 97

Upholland Moss, iv, 67 «, 91
Upholland Priory, iii, 104 #-5,
I34«, i6o«, 257 «, 416; iv, 57,
64-5, 81 «-2, 92-6, 161, 383 ; v,
65 », 72 n ; dean, iii, 105 ;
monks, iii, 125

Upholland, prior of, iii, 104 «, lip,
Ii8«, 420; iv, 93; Jno., iii,
125; iv, 93 «; Jno. Porte, iii,
io6» ; Pet. Prescot, iii, 228 n
Uplitherland, see Litherland
Upper House, see Widnes Hall
Upton (Widnes), iii, 108 «, 386-7 «,
388-9, 393 ; char., iii, 346^-7 n ;
Linaker's (house), iii, 346 n
Upton Hall (Ches.), iii, 164
Upton, Amabel de, iii, 387 n ;
Award de, iii, 408 n ; Hen. de,
iii, 408 « ; Rich, de, iii, 388 n ;
Rob. de, iii, 322 «, 407 n ; Rog.
de, iii, 80 n, 322 n ; Will, de, iii,
387 n ; fam., iii, 388
Urban V, pope, iii, 178, 311

399

Urban VI, pope, iii, 148 n

Urdeshale, see Ordsall

Urmeston, see Urmston

Urmston, iv, 82 », 375, 383 ; v, 42,
44 «, 49 «, 50 ; the Anchorage, v,
55 ; Brook House, the Grange, v,
55 ; char., v, 45 # ; ch., v, 56 ;
Gamershaw, Grimelshagh, v, 55 ;
Hall, v, 54 ; the Lodge, v, 55 ;
man., iv, 373 ; v, 51 ; Nonconf.,
v, 56 ; Rom. Cath., v, 56

Urmston, Ad. de, iii, 418 n; iv,
102 «, 107 #; v, 5 r-2 «, 54 »-
5 n ; Alice de, iii, 423 ; Anne, iii,
280, 423; v, 299 n ; Cecily (de),
iii, 428; iv, 105 n; v, 52 «;
Constance de, v, 5 1 n ; Eleanor,
iii, 423 ; Ellen, v, 22 n ; Frances,
iii, 423, 434 ; Geoff, de, iv, 85 n ;
v, 52», 54«~5#; Gilb. (de), iii,
4i6«-i7, 423 ;iv, 157 «; v, 79 «,
274 n ; Isabel (de), iii, 198 n; iv,
102 n, 107 n ; v, 51-2 n ; Isabella,
iii, 423 j Jas., v, 8 «, 299 n ;
Jane, iii, 430 ; Janet, v, 299 n ;
Jno. (de), iii, 195 «, 416 »-i8, 420,
423, 425, 430; iv, 155 «, 163 «;
v, 299 n ; Kath., v, 274 n ; Lucy
de, iii, 423 ; Marg. (de), v, i68«,
177 », 299 n; Mary, iii, 423;
Nigel de, iii, 416 n ; v, 51 n ;
Rich, (de), iii, 280, 416-17, 422-3,
425-6, 430; iv, 124, 163-4,
365 n ; v, 22 n, 47-8 «, 5 1-2 «,
54 », 177 «-8 «, 262 n, 298 n-g n ;
Rob. de, v, 54 n ; Rog. (de), iii,
4l6«-i7; v, 299#; Siegrith,
Syreda de, iii, 416, 422-3, 426;
v, 47-8 «, 5 1 n, 262 n ; Thos.
(de), v, 48 «, 80 n, 204 n ;
Thurstan, iii, 423 ; Will, (de),
iii, 417-18, 420,423; iv, I57«,
*63 ; v, 51 n, 80 n, 168 n ;
fam., iii, 372; iv, 113,163; v,
299 n

Urmstons in the Meadows, iii,

430

Urns, burial, see Burial urns
Urswick, iii, i6o#
Urswick, Ellen de, iii, 73 ; iv,

98 « ; Rob. de, iv, 98 n ; Sir

Rob. de, v, 230 n ; Thos. de, iii,

63 «
Usherwood, Marg., iv, 201 n ;

Thos., iv, 360
Utley, — , v, 167 n
Utterus, Gervase, v, 86 n ; Marg.,

v, 86 «

Utting, Rob., iii, 181
Uvedale, Thos., iv, 195 n
Uvetone, man., iii, 1 14

Vaces, Alex., v, 300 n

Valentia, Visct., iv, 1 28 n

Valentine, Agnes, v, 48 n ; Ellen,
iii, 448 ; Fran., iv, 369 n ; Geoff.,
iv, 369 n; Geo., iv, 369 n; v,
33 n; Hen., iii, 448; Jas., iv,
391 ; Joan, v, 48 ; Jno., iii, 448 ;
iv, 364, 369, 375, 390 n; v, 33 «,
36 «, 48; Kath., v, 48 n ; Sir
Ralph, v, 48 n; Rich., iv, 369,
390 n ; v, 36 n, 47 «-8 ; Rob., v,
48 ; Sam., iv, 369 n ; Thos., iv,
369, 390 n, 395 n; v, 33 «,
47 «-8 ; Will., v, 47-8 ; fam.,
iii, 448 ; iv, 369, 390, 395 ; v,

47
Valentyne, Hen. de, iii, 447 n

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Vale Royal Abbey (Ches.), iv,

161 »

Vanbrugh, Geo., iii, 290-2 n
Varley, Hen., v, 248 «; Isabella,

iv, 187 n

Vauce, Ralph, v, 302 «
Vaudrey, Marg., iv, 3io«
Vaughan, Thos., iv, 360
Vaus, Agnes, v, 301 n ; Ewan, v,

301 n ; Hen., v, 301 n ; Hugh, v,
301 « ; Jno., v, 301 « ; Thos., iii,
392 n

Vause, Alex., v, 302 « ; Edw., v,

302 » ; Joan, iii, 48 n ; Jno., iii,
48 «, 128; v, 301 n ; see also
Vaus, Vaux, Vose

Vaux, Lawr., iv, 193 «, 195-6 «, 198,
299 n; v, 302; see also Vaus,
Vause, Vose

Vavasor, Andr., iii, 104 n

Vavasour, fam., v, 167 n

Vawdrey, Rich., iii, 214 n, 220 «;
Rob., iv, 3io«

Veale, Edm., iii, 337 n

Venable, Sir Hugh de, iii, 432 «

Venables, Agnes de, iii, 388 » ;
Alice, iv, 332 ; Aline (Alice), v,
51-2 ; Cecily, v, 51 n; Douce, iv,
367 ; Geo., iv, 223 n ; Hawise, v,
51 «-2; Hugh (de), iii, 251, 372 n;
iv, 107 «; Joan, iii, 167, 251;
Jno., v, 51 «-2 ; Kath. (de), iii,
372n; iv, 107 n; v, 51 n ;
Lieut-Col., iv, 21 ; Rich, (de), iii,
388 n ; iv, 294 ; Will., v, 5 1 n ;
Sir Will., iv, 332, 367

Vepont, Cecily le, iii, 202 n ;
Juliana le, iii, 202 n ; Rob. de,
iii, 202 n ] Will, de, iii, 202 n

Verclough, v, 274 n

Verdon, Jno. de, iii, 424 ; Sir Jno.
de, v, 90 ; Marg. de, iii, 424 ; v, 90

Vere, Eliz., iii, 163, 167 ; Hen. de,
see Oxford, earl of; Rob., see
Oxford, earl of

Vernai, Cecily de, see Columbers,
Cecily de

Vernon, Agnes, iii, 436 ; Sir
Geo., iv, 290 n ; Jas., iii, 295 ;
Marg. de, iv, 336 n ; Maud (de),
iv, 290 «, 316; Ralph, iii, 436;
Rich, de, iv, 336 n ; Rog. de, iv,
316 ; Sir Will, de, v, 27 n

Vesey, Ad. de, iii, 383 « ; Margery
de, iii, 383 «

Veysey, Jno., iii, 161 n

Victoria, Queen, iii, 27, ioo«;
iv, 182 n, 184, 208, 223, 330, 376

Victoria Park (Manchester), iv,

303 ; ch., iv, 309 ; colls., iv,

309
Victoria Park (St. Helens), iii,

375

Victoria Park (Widnes), iii, 389

Victoria University, see Manchester
univ.

Vieleur, Ad. le, iii, 41 1 n

Vilers, Alan le, iii, 201 « ; Emma
de, iii, 371 ; Pain de, iii, 67 », 76,
79, 192, 200-1, 305, 318, 323,
371 ; iv, 156; Rob. de, iii, 188,
192-3, 371 J fam., iii, 318

Villiers, Constance, iii, 167 ; Thos.
Earl, iii, 294 n

Vincent, Brian, iv, 63 n

Vipont, see Vepont

Virtue, Tim., iii, 247 n

Volunteers, iii, 103, 306 ; iv, 31, 70,
147, 183, 187, 333 «, 340, 364 ;
v, 68, 82 «, 103, 123, 189, 244

Vose, Jno., v, 302 n ; Ralph, v,

302 n; see also Vaus, Vause,Vaux
Voyl, Anyan, iii, 1 26 ; Fiona, iii,

126; Thos., iii, 126; Wenthlian,

iii, 126

Vulcan Foundry, iv, 132
Vyrnwy R., valley of, Liverpool

water supply, iv, 39

Wacarrs, iv, 82 n

Wackfoid Bridge, v, 88

Wadacre, Sim. de, iii, 2io«

Waddicar, iii, 209

Waddington, Alex., v, 291 #; Jno.,

v, 294 ; Nich. de, iii, 310-11 n
Wade, Ad., iii, 123, I26«; Agnes,

iii, I26«; Floria, iii, i26»;

Rich., iii, I26»; Will., iii, 155
Wagstaffe, Eliz., iii, 1 20 # ; Will., v,

167

Wagry Moss, iv, 133
Waingate, the, iii, 270 n
Wainwright, Anne, iii, 346 n ; Godf.,

iv, 45 n ; Hen., iii, 102 n ; Jas.,

iii, 14 n ; Jno., iii, 98, 256 ; Rich.,

iii, 147 n; Thos., iii, 18; iv, 45
Wait, Cecily, iv, I34#; Hugh, iv,

134 «
Wakefield, — , iii, 409 « ; Alex, de,

iii, 243-4 ; Gilb., iii, 307 ; Isabel

de, v, 131 n; Jno. de, v, 131 «;

Josh., iv, 279, 297 ; Will, de, iii,

263 n
Wakerley, Alice de, iv, 275 n;

Amita de, iv, 275, n ; Jno. de, iv,

275 n ; Margery de, iv, 275 n ;

Rog. de, iv, 275 n ; Sarah de, iv,

275 n
Wakes, iii, 76, 114, 141, 153, 192,

201, 215, 285, 334, 445 ; iv, 70,

133, 156, 271, 282, 330, 340, 363 ;

v, 46, 58, 94, 112, 129, 144, 162,

255

Walbank, Jno., iii, 391

Walcot, iii, 87 n

Waldegrave, Ld., iii, 72 n

Waldegrave,Fran., iii, 208 ; iv, 148;*

Walden Brook, v, 40 n

Waldeve, chaplain, v, 3 n

Waldie, Fran. E., v, 180

Walding Pool, iii, 232 »

Wales, Thos. de, iii, 388 n

Walesby, man., iv, 283 n

Walet, Rog., v, 21 n

Waley, Hen. le, iii, 296 n

Waleys, Ad. le, iii, 255 n ; iv, 98 ;
An yon, Haynon le, iii, I26«, v,
300 n, 302 n ; Dionysia le, iii,
300 n ; Eleanor le, iv, 107 n ;
Emma le, iii, 299 ; Gilb. le, iii,
289, 299 ; Hen. le, iii, 255 «, 289,
299, 387 n ; Hugh le, v, 300 «,
302 n ; Joan le, iii, 299 ; Jno. le,
iii, lion, 277 n, 289, 292, 296 «,
299, 300 n ; iv, 98 #-9 « ; Maud
le, iii, 292 ; Quenilda le, iii, 292,
295 n ; Randle le, iv, 98 ; Rich,
(le), iii, 48 «, lion, 255, 288 n-g,
292, 295-6 n, 299, 329 ; iv, 98-9 »,
107 n ; Richerit le, iv, 98 ; Rob. le,
iii, 255«-6«, 292; Rog. le, iii,
299 ; Sim. le, iii, 48 n ; Steph. le,
iii, 126 n; Thos. (le), iii, 144 «,
289, 329 ; fam., iv, 107 ; see also
Walsh, Welsh

Walhill, Will, de, iii, 27 « ; fam., iii,
27 n

Walkden, iv, 376, 390 ; v, 26, 37 n ;
ch., iv, 392 ; cross, iv, 376 ; Moor,
iv, 379 «, 390; Nonconf., iv, 392

40C

Walkden, Ad. de, v, 40 #; Agnes
de, v, 40 n ; Geoff., v, 292 n;
Hugh de, v, 48 n ; Isaac, v, 162 ;
Jno. de, v, 40 n; Maud de, v,
40 n ; Philippa de, v, 40 n ; Ralph
de, iv, 374 n ; Rob. (de), iv, 390 « ;
v, 38 n, 40 n, 64, 66, 130 n ; Thos.,
v, 47 «

Walker, Alice, iii, 30 n ; Avice le,
iii, 119; Sir A. B., iv, 40, 53;
Chas. J. S., iv, 333 « ; Chris., v,
65 ; Gabriel, iii, 247 n ; Geoff.,
iv, 207 n ; Geo., iii, 307 ; Hen.,
iii, 239 «, 386 ; Jas., iii, 30 n ; iv,
209 «, 351 n ; Jane, v, 283 n \ Jno.,
iii, 369 ; iv, 20, 207 n, 272, 274,
297, 352 n; v, 9«, I26«, 294;
Jos. N., iii, 129 ; Nathan, v, 283 n ;
Nich., iv, 339 n ; Ralph, v, 99 « ;
Rich, (le), iii, 95, 225 «, 31 1, 332 n ;
v, I79«; Rob., iv, 206 «, 209 n;
v, 159; Rog. le, iii, 119; v, 62;
Sarah, iii, 369 ; Thos., iv, 184,
3OI> 333 « J Will., iv, 272, 346 n ;
v, 92, 234; fam., iv, 76 n

Walker's Croft, iv, 248 «, 259;*,
261 n

Wall, Geo. W., iii, 64; Rich, de,

»i, 93

Wallasey, iii, 298, 302 n ; iv, 16 ;
ch., iii, 298 n

Wallbrook, the, iii, 133 n

Wall Congre, iv, 364

Wallehul, Jno. de, iii, 144 «; Rob.
de, iii, 144 n

Wallelache, the, iii, 427

Waller, Thos., iii, 354

Walleton, iii, 139

Walley, Jno., iii, 141 ; Will., iii, 92 «

Walley Clough, iv, 84 «

Wallfield, the, iv, 2

Wallingwells Priory, iii, 416, 422

Wallingwells, prioress of, iii, 423 ;
Isolda, iii, 416, 418, 422; Mar-
gery, iii, 416

Wallis, Cath., iv, 131 n-2 n

Wallness, iv, 392-3 n, 396 n

Wallroods, iv, 33 2 n

Walls, Jno., iii, 354 n

Wall work, Jas., iv, 287 n; Lawr., v,
75 n ; Rich, de, iv, 133 n ; Rog.,
iii, 278 n; Thos. de, iv, 133 n

Wallys, Jno., iii, 228

Walmer's lands, iii, 25 1 «

Walmersley, v, 141, 143, 174 ; char.,
v, 127-8; ch., v, 143; Grant
Tower, v, 141 ; man., v, 141 ;
sch., v, 128

Walmersley - with - Shuttleworth, v,
123, 129, 141, 143 ; ind., v, 141

Walmersley, Hen. de, v, 141 « ;
Jno., v, 141 n ; Matth. de, v,
141 n; Rob. de, v, 141 n; Rog.
(de), v, 141 «, 246 n ; Sim., v,
141 n; see also Walmesley,
Walmsley

Walmesley, Anne, iii, 131 ; Anna
M., iii, 374 «; Fr. Anselm, iii,
291 ; Chas., iii, 374 n ; iv, 104 «,
275 n ; Eliz., iii, 281 ; Humph. J.,
iv, 104 ; Jno., iv, 66 n, 104, 210 n ;
Mary, iv, 104, 275 n ; Rich., iii,
281 «; iv, 104 n ; Rob., iii, 329,
333 J Rog-, v, 248 n ; Sarah, iii,
234 n ; Thos., iii, 281, 301, 329,
333, 374 « 5 iv, 165 n ; Sir Thos.,
iii, 92 «; Will., iii, 131 ; Will. G.,
iv, 104 n

Walmesley-Cotham, Alf. A., iii, 374

Walmsley (Bury), see Walmersley

INDEX

Walmsley (Turton), iii, 44 ; v, 273,
278 ; chap., iv, 264 ; v, 241-2,
279-81 n ; ch., v, 280 ; Nonconf.,
v, 281 n ; sch., v, 281 ; see also
Egerton

Walmsley, Dorothy, v, 271 n ; Rev.
Hen., v, 271 n; Jas., v, 203;
Rog., v, ii

Walneys, the, see Wallness

Walsden, v, 190, 205 «, 222, 229 ;
char., v, 201 n ; ch., v, 233 ; Non-
conf., v, 233 ; sch., v, 233 ; see
also Todmorden and Walsden

Walsh, Cecily (le), iii, 289 #, 397 ;
Dav., v, 268 ; Edm., iii, 299 ;
Eleanor, iii, 292-3 ; Ellen, iii,
279> 3°°; Gilb. (le), iii, 278 »,
299, 300 «, 302 « ; Haynon le, see
Waleys ; Hen. (le), iii, 289 «, 299,
397 ; Hugh le, see Waleys ; Jane
iii, 300 « ; Janet, iii, 278 n ; Joan
(le), iii, 299 ; v, 302 n ; Jno. (le),
iii, 214 n, 300 n ; iv, 324 n; v,
302 « ; Kath., iii, 300 n ; Mary,
iii, 300 n; Rich, (le), iii, 289 «,
292; Rob. (le), iii, 2i7«, 277 «,
285, 299, 300; Thos., iii, 286 n,
290, 299, 300; Will, (le), v, 294,
302; fam., iii, 206, 296 «, 299;
see also Waleys, Welsh

Walsh Hall, iii, 284-5, 299

Walshaw, v, 143; char., v, 128;
Nonconf., v, 149

Walshaw Lane, v, 133 ; ch., v, 136

Walshcroft, iii, 292 n-j, n

Walshcroft, Ad. de, iii, 193 n', Rich,
de, iii, 282 n ; Rog. de, iii, 282 n

Walshe hey wood, iii, 259 n

Walsschs, Sim. le, iii, 154

Walter the Fuller, iii, 440 ; iv, 75 n ;
Marg. w. of, iii, 440

Walter, Pet., iii, 188-9

Walters, E., iv, 229 ; Will., v, 106

Walter's Pool, iv, 1 1 1

Walthew, Eliz., iv, 83 n ; Geoff., iv,
82 n; Pet.,iv, 97; Rich., iv, 68 n ;
Rob., iv, 82 «, 97 ; Will., iv, 82

Walthew Green, iv, 91

Walthew House, iv, 78

Walthew Park, coll., iv, 97

Walton (on the Hill), iii, i, 2, 5-11,
13 n, 22, 24-5 «, 27 «-8, 38 «, 45,

5i«, 57, 59, 134, 143 », i6o«,
225 n; iv, I, 25, 38, 45 «; adv.,
iii, 5, 69, 70 n; chant., iii, 7«, 10,
63 #, 69 «, 343 n; chap., iii, 10,
24 #, 31 #; char., iii, 5, 8«, 10;
ch.) iii, 5, 9«, 24, 32-3, 55 n ; iv,
14, 24 ; Hall, iii, 23, 26 ; man.,
iii, 23, 30, 70 », 145 n; iv, 93;
Mills, iii, 25 «, 27 « ; rectory, iii,
6, 41 n; iv, 44; sch., iii, 10 ;
Sounds, iii, 23 n ; vicarage, iii, 6

Walton Breck, iii, 20, 22-3 ; ch., iii,
28 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 28

Walton Brook, iii, 140

Walton leDale, iii, 146 n ; iv, io8«,
113, I36«, 138; v, 289«-go

Walton Lees, iii, 178, 180, 258 «;
v, 274 n; man., iii, 178 #-9; iv,
99, 101 »

Waltonlees, Rich, de, iv, 99 #;
Thurstan de, iv, 99 n

Walton Park, Nonconf., iii, 28

Walton Riding, iii, 175 «, 251 n

Walton, Ad. de, iii, 39 n ; iv, 59 «,
6i> 71, 79 «> II[5«, 13° «; Agnes
de, iii, 24 n ; Alan de, iii, 39 n ;
Alice de, iii, 25 ; Amery de, iv,
I35#; Anilla de, iii, 25 «, 27 n ;

Walton (cant.)

Bp., iii, 19 n; Chris., iv, 376;
Dorothy, v, 8 \n ; Edith de, iii,
36 n; Eleanor de, iii, 25, 29 n;
iv, 138 n; Eliz. de, iii, 25 n;
Ellen de, iii, 35, 277 n ; Emmade,
iii, 25 n ] Gilb. de, iii, 23-4, 47,
in ; iv, 138 n; Hen. de, iii, 6«,
13 », 23 «-4, 27 «, 39 «, 47-8, 5 1 n,
92, in, 141-2, 144, 170, 206, 254 ;
iv, 6, 138 n ; Hugh de, iii, 24, 34 n ;
Isabel de, iii, 27 « ; Jas. (de), iii,
25 «, 346 n; iv, 258; v, 8«,
1 1 1 n ; Jno. (de), iii, 8, 9, 25, 39 «,
51, 145 «, 170, 225, 277 n, 391 ;
iv, 79 n; v, 130 «, 198; Juliana
de, iii, 24 ; Kath. de, iv, 398 « ;
Marg. (de), iii, 254; iv, 135 n;
Margery (de), iii, 27 «, 5 1 n ; iv,
79 » ; Matth. de, iii, 206 ; Nich.
de, iii, 25 n ; Rich, de, iii, 24, 27 «-
9«, 31 n, 34 «, 39 », 142-3 ; iv, 6,
10 ; see also Meath ; Rob. de, iii,
6, i6«, 24-5, 29 *, 47 «, 62 n, 95,
145 n; iv, 141; Rog. de, iii, 6«,
25, 47 ; Sim. de, iii, 25, 27«-g«,
47 n, 92, H3«, 145, 148, 182; iv,

6, I38«; Steph. de, iii, 6; Thos.
(de), iii, 25, 302 n \ Thurstan de,
iv, I35«; Waldeve, Waltheof,
de, iii, 23, 27 ; Will, (de), iii, 6 «,

7, 24-5, 27«-8«, 3i«, 35-6 «,
39 «, 47 «, 53-4 n, 68 «, 92, 106,
119, 142-3, 170, 206; iv, i86«,
398 n; fam., iii, 3, 39, ill ; iv, 9,

79

Walwerk, iv, 379 n
Walwork, see Walworth
Walworth, Ellis, v, 91 «; Jno., v,

105 ; Nathan, v, 91-2 ; fam., v,

91

Wao, see Wayoh

Warbeck, Perkin, iii, 160; v, 59 n

Warbreck, iii, 22 ; ch., iii, 28 ;
Moor, iii, 27 n ; Nonconf., iii,
28

Warbrick, Rich., iv, 55

Warburton, St. Werburgh of, iii,
158 «, 177 «, 215 «, 356; canons,
iii, 129

Warburton, Agnes de, iii, 369 n ;
Amice de, v, 55 n ; Benj., v, 147 n ;
Ellen, iv, 82 n; v, 221 «, 285 «;
Fran., v, 285 n ; Geoff, de, iii,
69 n ; v, 5$ n; Sir Geoff, de, iii,
369 «; iv, I57«; Geo., v, 147 n ;
Hannah, v, 285 n ; Hugh de, iii,
69 n ; Isabel, iii, 167 ; Jno., iii,
330; v, 123, 147 #-8; Kath. de,
v, 55 «; Margery de, v, 137 n ;
Parnell de, iii, 336 ; Pet. (de), iii,
3io«; v, 45 «, 55 #; Rich, (de),
iii, 336; iv, 82 «; v, 55 «, 137 «,
159; Sibyl, iii, 330; Thos., v,
55 «, 147 «, 221 n, 285 »; Will.,
iii, 225 ; v, 55 n ; see Werburton

Warcock Hill (Barton), iv, 364

Warcock Hill (Westhoughton), v,
21 «, 24 n

Ward, Abel, iii, 107; iv, 246 «;
Alex., v, 262 n ; see also Sharpies ;
Chris., iv, 394 n ; Edw., iv, 394 n ;
Emma, iii, 216 «, 302; Geo., iii,
413 «, 419; Isabel, iv, 2097* ;
Joan, iii, 413 n; Jos., iii, 312;
Lawr., iv, 209 n ; Mary, iii, 364 « ;
Rich., v, 261 n; Rob., iv, 268 n ;
see also Sharpies ; Rog., v, 187 « ;
Will., iii, 8, 107, 312; fam., iii,
ioo«

401

Wardle, v, 188, 190, 193, 205 «,
2i4«, 222; ch., v, 234; man.,
v, 222 ; see also Wuerdle and
Wardle

Wardle, Little, v, 223

Wardle, Agnes de, v, 229 n ; Alex,
de, v, 137 n ; Award de, v, 224 n ;
Cecily de, v, 230 « ; Elinor, v,
217 «; Hen. de, v, 223 #-4 #;
Margery de, v, 229 n ; Mich, de,
v, 225 «, 229 n ; Nich. de, v, 225 n ;
Orm. de, v, 177, 223#; Pet. de,
v, 223 «; Rich, de, v, 229 w;
Swain de, v, 224 n ; Thos. de, v,
228«~9» ; Will, de, v, 177

Wardleworth, v, 187-9, J93, 222>
225, 227 ; chs., v, 200

Wardleworth, Jno., iv, 256 n ;
Ralph, iv, 256

Wardley, iii, 441 ; iv, 376-9 «, 384 ;
Hall, iv, 299 «, 376, 3 84 #-8

Wardley, Ad. de, iv, 365 «, 377 «,
384 n ; Alice de, iv, 377 « ; Cecily
de, iv, 377«-8«; Ellen de, iv,
384 «; Jno. de, iv, 377 n; v,
164 «; Rich, de, iv, 377 «;
Wronow de, iv, 365 «, 377 n

Ware, Sam. H., iv, 186

Wareing, Anne, v, 142 «; Gerard,
iii, 94 ; Hen., iii, 346 ; Hester, v,
142 »; Jane, iii, 57 «; Jno., iii,
94 ; Sam., v, 142 n ; Thos., iv,
147 ; see also Waring

Warenne, Reg. de, iii, 121

Wareton, Edw., iii, 442 «

Wargrave, iv, 132; ch., iv, 136

Warin (c, 1086), iv, 340 ; see also
Bussel

Waring, Cath., iii, 346 « ; Gilb., iii,
268 n ; Jas., iii, 59 « ; Jno., iii,
200; Rich., iii, 253 «; Rob., iii,
181 ; Sam., v, 127, 1297*

Warland, v, 230 n

Warmedene, v, I77»

Warmhole, v, 206

Warnefield, Jno. de, iv, i26»

Warner, Eliz., iii, 360 n ; Johannah,
iii, 360 n ; Mary A., iv, 186

Warnshaw brook, iii, 197

Waron, Emmota, iii, 77 n ; Rob.,
iii, 77 n ; Sim., iii, 77 n

Warr, A. F., iv, 53 ; Geo. W., iii,
107

Warre, Warr, earls de la, iv, 195 w ;
Id. (de) la, iii, 109, 161 n; iv, 101 n,
H9«, 121 n ; Sir Reg. West, iv,
230-1 «, 237, 255 n ; Thos., iv,
192, 194, 224, 230-1 »; Thos.
West, iv, 231 «, 328 «; v, 13 «,
274 ; Will. West, iv, 99 «, 270 «

Warre, Eleanor la, iv, 366 n ; Joan
la, iv, 194, 230, 252 n, 275, 311,
349, 366 », 372 n ; v, 6 n ; Jno.
de la or la, iii, 12972, 394 n, 404 ;
iv, 230, 244 «, 252«, 254 «, 275,
2«7, 3i i, 336 », 348, 366 n,
372 n ; v, 6 « ; Sir Jno. la, iv,
194, 233 «, 270 ; v, 7 n ; Rog.
la, Hi, 395 «; iv, 98 «, 257«,
275, 280, 349, 366 n; Sir Rog.
la, iv, 233 «, 349 n ; Thos. la, iii,
394 «-5 n ; iv, 254, 289 n, 324 n,
342, 348-9 ; v, 260

Warren, Will., count of, iii, 23 » ;
see also Boulogne, and Mortain,
counts of

Warren, Ann, iv, 321 ; Cecily, iii,
46 «; Sir Edw., iii, 46 «, 48 «,
205 ; iv, 293 ; Jane, iv, 266 n ;
Jno., iii, 46 «-8 «, 205 ; Sir Jno.,

51

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Warren (cont.)

iii, 46 n ; Lawr., iii, 46 »; iv,
266 n ; Sir Lawn, iv, 312 #,
Marg., iv, 312 n; Dr. Sam., iv,
249 n ; Will. (Sim.), iv, 97 ; fam.,
iii, 46

Warrigate, the, iii, 50 »

Warriner Wood, v, 138 n

Warrington, iii, i, 136 #, 146;*,
304-24, 409 «; v, 22 n ; Academy,
iii, 307 ; adv., iii, 309 ; alms-
houses, iii, 3i6«; archdeaconry,
iii, 418 ; Bank (town) Hall, iii,
321 ; Barley Mow Inn, iii, 318 ;
barracks, iii, 317; boro., iii, 305,
3i6«, 319-20; bridge, iii, i6o«,
305, 307 ; cast., iii, 305, 325 ;
chants., iii, 314; char., iii, 314;
ch., iii, 308, 314, 323, 337, 410 «;
iv, 138 n ; in Civil War, iii, 306 ;
deanery, iii, 310 ; fishery, iii,
308 ; Fox Inn, iii, 318 ; Friary,
i»> 3?5> 3X4> 4°5 » J iv, 161 n ;
ind., iii, 317 ; man., iii, 319, 422,
436, 439, 445 ; rnkt. and fairs,
iii, 305, 307, 317, 320-1 ; mills,
"i> 3°5 j mote hill, iii, 305, 316 ;
Museum, iii, 320 ; newspapers,
iii, 307-8 ; Nonconf., iii, 306-7,
324 ; Parr Hall, iii, 321 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 3245 sch., iii, 314;
sts., iii, 305, 316-17; wards, iii,
320 n

Warrington, barony or fee, iii, 2, 76,
79, i6i», 183, 198, 201, 305,
318, 403, 431, 436, 439-40; iv,
122, 156; court, iii, 78, 193

Warrington, hund., iii, i, 305, 318,

387, 445
Warrington, Id. of, iii, 75, 77, 8 1,

192, 3°5> 325, 404

Warrington, earl of, iii, 319 «; iv,
35°> 367; Geo. Booth, iii, 319,
433 J iv, 343 « J Hen- Booth, iii,
319; iv, 343 «; see also Stam-
ford and Warrington

Warrington, Cecily de, iv, ngn-
20 n, 133 n; Emma de, iv, 71 n,
107 n ; Geo., iii, 127 #; Gilb. de,
iii, 321 n ; Hen. de, iii, 321 n ;
Hugh de, iii, 321 n ; Jno. de, iii,
321 «; iv, I20«; Payn de, iv,
71 n ; Ralph de, iii, 321 n; Rich,
de, iii, 32i#-2»; Rob. de, iv,
H9«, i33«; Rog. de, iii, 112;
Sim. de, iv, 71 », 107 n ; Thos.
de, iii, 112 ; Walt, de, iii, 321 n;
Will, de, iv, 107 #; fam., iii,
321

Warsch, the, iii, 231 n

Warth (Arpley), iii, 305 n

Warth (Barton), iv, 364

Warth, the, (Pendlebury), iv,

399 »

Warth, the, (Widnes), iii, 389

Warthe Meadow, iii, 330

Warton, Denis, iv, 379 n ; v, 30 n;
Gilb. de, v, 30 « ; Jno. de, v,
30 n ; Kath., v, 30 n; Marg. de,
v, 30 n ; Ralph, v, 30 n ; Rich,
de, v, 72, 239 ; Thos. de, v,
30 n ; Will, de, iv, 390 n ; v,
30 n ; fam., iv, 390 n

Warwick (Warws.), Leycester's
Hospital, iii, 328

Warwick, earl of, iii, 145 #, 266 n ;
Rich. Beauchamp, iii, i8o»

Wase, Chas., iv, 373 n; Ellen, iv,

373 »
Wash End, iii, 414**

Washing Hey, iii, 304 n
Waspestub, iii, 393 n
Waspool, iv, 374 n
Watchcote, iv, 274 n
Watch-making industry, iii, 262,

353
Watchut, Watchyard Lane, iii,

45

Waterfall dough, iv, 138 n
Waterfoot, char., v, I28»; ch., v,

I5i

Watergate Mill, iv, 350;*
Waterhead, v, 103 n ; ch., v, 106;

Nonconf., v, 107
Waterhouse, Alf., iv, 228-9
Waterhouses, iv, 338 n-g, 345
Waterhouses, Hen. de, iv, 345 n
Waterhurst, iii, 158 n
Waterloo (Ashton), iv, 338-9
Waterloo (Oldham), v, 101
Waterloo (Sefton), iii, 58, 91, 98 ;

ch., iii, 98 ; Nonconf., iii, 98 ;

Rom. Cath., iii, 98 ; Hotel, iii,

98

Waterloo-with-Seaforth, iii, 91, 95,

98

Watermill Hey, the, iii, 297 n
Watersheddings, v, 93, 102 ; Non-
conf., v, 107
Waters tock (Oxon.), man., iv,

100

Waterward, Lawr., iii, 228
Waterworth, Cecily, iv, 109 n;

Hen., iv, 109 n
Watkin, Will. T., iv, 205
Watkins, Jno., iii, 397
Watkinson, Eliz., iii, 248 «; Jas.,

iii, 191 »; Rob., iii, 191 «, 247 #-

8n

Watland Wood, v, 207 n
Watling Street, v, 270
Watmough, Brian, iii, 361 « ;

Fran., iii, 361 « ; Hen., iii, 108 n;

Hugh, v, 1 25 #-6, 301 «; Rich.,

iii, 361 n ; Will., iii, 356 #,

362

Watsha, v, 274 n
Watson, Dr. Jno., iii, 44 ; Kath.,

iv, i68«; Margery, iv, i68»;

Rob., iv, 278 n ; Thos., iv, 261 n;

Will., iv, 168 n
Watson's Hey, iii, 297 n
Watt, Adelaide, iii, 136, 140; Rich.,

iii, I2«, 136

Watton (Yorks), nuns at, iii, 178
Watts, Jas., iv, 316
Wauerton, see Warton
Waugh, Edwin, iv, 222 n ; v, 190
Waverton, Ad. de, iii, 173 ; Agnes

de, iii, 431, 443 ; Ameria de, iii,

443 ; Jno. de, iii, 431, 433, 443 ;

Kath. de, iii, 443 ; Marg. de, iii,

443 ; Margery de, iii,. 443 ; Thos.

de, iii, 44 1 n, 443 ; Will, de,

iii, 443 ; see also Warton
Wavertree, iii, I, 14, 23-4 #, 102-3,

108 n, ill, 118; iv, I, 38; ch.,

111, 105, 112; Hall, iii, 12, 130;
halmote court, iii, 2 ; man., iii,
4, I4«-I5«, 21, iio-n, 165 n;
mill, iii, 15 n; iv, 13; Monk's
Well, iii, in ; Nonconf., iii,
112; Rom. Cath., iii, 112

Wavertree Nook, iii, 1 1 1
Wavertree, Hen. de, iii, 105, iio»,

112, 3io«; Rob. de, iii, 112;
Will, de, iii, 127

Way, Chas. J., v, 159
Wayoh, v, 283
Wayoh Fold, v, 282

402

Wayoh Reservoir, v, 274 n
Weaste, iv, 208, 392, 396 ; ch., iv,

396 ; Nonconf., iv, 396 ; Rom.

Cath., iv, 396

Weaver, R., iii, 117 ; iv, 23, 30
Weaverham, iv, 197 n
Weaving industry, iv, 330 ; v, 58
Webb, Abra., iv, 91 n ; Rob., iii,

284
Webster, Anne, iv, 50 « ; Geo, iv,

50 « ; Jno., iv, 260 « ; Lawr.,

iii, 346»~7#; Ralph, iii, 257 »;

Rob., iii, 30 n; Thos., iii, 147 «;

Will., iii, 147 «, 157 », 367 n
Wedacre, Margery de, iii, 101 ; Rog.

de, iii, 101 n, 355 n
Wedall, see Wydale
Weedon, Thos., iv, 251
Weedow, Will., iii, 90 n
Weeton, man., iii, i62#
Welch Whittle, iii, 273 n ; man.,

iii, 177-9

Welcome Ridding, v, 5 1 n
Weld, Jos., iii, 82 ; Mary, iii, 82-3;

Thos., iii, 82-3
Weld-Blundell, Chas., iii, 48;

Chas. J., iii, 83, 238 ; Thos., iii,

83

Weldon, — , iii, 342 n ; Thos., iii,
367 n

Welhum, Randle de, see Man-
chester, rural dean of

Welldon, Dr. Jas. E. C., see Man-
chester, dean of

Wells, iii, 20, 75, 91, 109, in, 157,
248 «, 316, 355, 377, 392 ; iv, 79,
106, 1 66, 362 ; v, 20, 46, 80, 144,
161, 243

Wells, Ellen, iv, 66 «; Rich., iv,
66 n; Thos., iii, 346 n

Wellsyke, the, iii, 363 n

Wellyhole, v, 101 n

Welsby, Thos., v, 9 n

Welsh, Jno., v, 233

Welsh Calvinistic Methodists, see
Calvinistic Methodists

Welsh Methodists, iii, 1 28

Welsh Presbyterians, see Calvinistic
Methodists

Wenlock Abbey (Shrops.), iii,
429

Wentworth, Ld., iii, 136 n

Wentworth, Frances, iv, 212 H;
Thos. W., v, 71

Werburton, Eliz. de, iii, 428 ;
Philipe, v, 156; Rich, de, iii,
428 ; see also Warburton

Werneth, iv, 28372, 341 «; v, 93,
95j 97 n> ch-, v, 106; Hall, v,
93, 96 ; Nonconf., v, 107 ; Pk.,

v, 93

Werneth, Will, de, iv, 283 n

Wernz, Fr., iii, 402 n

Wesley, Jno., iii, 236, 324, 421 ;
iv, 34, 49, 183, 249, 351 «, 375 ;
v, 107, 132, 200, 244 », 250

Wesleyan Methodist Association,
see United Methodist Free Ch.

Wesleyan Methodists, iii, 19, 22,
28, 34, 40, 43, 52, 95, 128, 168 «,
221, 236, 238, 264, 284, 324, 334,
352, 354, 362, 371, 376, 392, 394,
402, 413 ; iv, 49, 83, 87, 97, 106,
1 10, 137, 140, 148, 216, 222, 249,
254, 258, 262, 264, 270, 273, 275,
281, 288, 297, 302, 309, 311, 335,
351, 404; v, 25, 34, 39,41, 56,
79, 107, 115, 121, 132, 136, 141,
143, 173-4, 176, 233, 254, 260,
266, 270, 281-2, 284, 303

INDEX

Wesleyans, iii, 98, 112, 117,
151, 234, 257, 260, 328, 331,
340, 367, 421, 439, 444, 449J iv>
77, 91, 122, 165, 185, 274, 279,
287, 293, 297, 310, 322-3, 326,
329, 338, 375, 392, 396 ; v, 67,

92, 112, 149, 169, 206, 213, 222,
234, 244, 250, 268, 299

West, Sir Thos. 3rd Ld., iv, 230

West, Cecily, iv, 114 »; Ellen, iii,
239; Geo., iv., 188-9, J95 5 Sir
Geo., iv, 231 n ; Jas. U., iii, 346 n ;
Jno., iii, 239, 311 n; Mary C. S.,
iii, 167; Sir Owen, iv, 231 n;
Rich., iv, 231 «; Sir Reg., see
Warre, Ld. La ; Thos., iii, 106,
346 «, 374«; see also Warre,
Ld. La ; Sir Thos., see Warre,
Ld. La ; Will., iii, 82 #; iv,
231 n; see also Warre, Ld. La

Westby, Joe. T., see Fazakerley-
Westby ; Jno., iii, 162 n

West Croft, iii, 428

Westey Hales, iii, 409 n

Westfield, iii, 255 n

Westhead, iii, 191 n, 248, 255-6

Westhead, Cecily del, iii, 256 n ;
Hubert del, iii, 256 n ; Jno. de or
del, iii, 256 n, 272 n ; Margery
de, iii, 300 ; Rich, (de), iii, 94,
300 ; Rob. de or del, iii, 214,
256 «

Westhoughton, iii, 385, 436 n \ iv,
121 «, 135 «, 231 «, 358 w, 365 «,
397 n; v, i, 20-4, 26-8 n, 35-6 n;
battle, v, 20 ; chap., v, 5, 25 ;
char., v, 5 ; ch., v, 25 ; Common,
iv, 118 ; v, 20 ; man., v, 20, 22,
29 n ; Nonconf., v, 25 ; Peter
Dodd's Well, v, 20 ; Rom. Cath.,
v, 25 ; sch., v, 25

Westhoughton, Ellis de, v, 21 ;
Hen. de, v, 24 n ; Laucoc de, v,
24 #; Nesta de, v, 19 n ;
Ranne (?) de, v, 24 n; Rog. de,
v, 21

Westlakes, Westlackes, iii, 441 «;
iv, 384 «, 390 «

Westle, Hen., iii, 328

Westlegh, Jno. de, iii, 382 n

Westleigh, iii, 199, 4 14-1 7 #, 421,
427; iv, 153 », 371 »; v, 51;
Brook, iii, 421 ; char., iii, 426; ch.,
iii, 415, 426 ; Higher Hall, iii, 422-
4 ; Heath, iii, 425 ; man., iii,
194-5 n, 199 «, 422, 429, 434;
iv, 275 n ; v, 24 n, 300 ; mill, iii,
425 ; Nonconf., iii, 421 ; Rom.
Cath., iii, 426

Westleigh Estates Co., iii, 424

Westleigh, Ad. de, iii, 383 «~4 «,
416, 422; v, 262 «; Agnes de,
iii, 427 ; Alan de, iii, 383 #,
422 ; Ellen de, v, 287 n ; Emma
de, iii, 422 ; v, 287 n ; Jno. de,
iii, 383 n, 422 ; Nigel de, iii,
422 n ; Quenilda de, iii, 422 ; Rich,
de, iii, 416, 422 ; v, 287 n ; Rog.
de, iii, 422, 427; v, 287 «;
Siegrith de, iii, 422

Westminster (Lond.), right of sanc-
tuary, iv, 1 75 n

Westminster, Rob. mqs. of, v,
82

Westmoor, iii, 209 n

Weston, iii, 404 n

Weston, Dean, iv, 257 «; Rich.,
iii, 103 ; Will, de, v, 109 n

Weston-under-Lizard, v, 185 #

Westslack, iv, 367 «, 370 n

West wood (Culcheth), iv, i6o«,

162 72-3 n

Westwood (Pendlebury), v, 278
Westwood (Worsley), iii, 441 n \ iv,

365 «, 370 «, 373«~4«, 376,

384 «, 390
Westwood, Joan, iii, 337 n ; Will.,

i"> 337 «

Wetcroft Lache, iv, 84 n

Wetearth, the, iv, 2

Wetecarr, spring of, iii, 158 n

Wetefield, iii, 50 n

Wete Park, iv, 399 n

Wetherall, Sir Edw. R., iii, 446 ;
Geo. N. R., iii, 446 ; Hen. A.,
iii, 446 ; Hen. A. R., iii, 443 ;
Lady Sarah, iii, 446

Wetherby, Geo., iii, 351 #-2 ;;
Isabel, iii, 351 «, 401 n ; Jas., iii,
351 n ; Perys, iii, 356 n ; Pet., iii,
351 «-2, 373 n ; Piers, iii, 35 1 n ;
Thos. (de), iii, 35i»-2«; fam.,

»>, 35i

Wethered, Edm. P., iii, 340

Wethersfield, iii, 140

Wetlache, see Witlaw

Wetshaw, iii, 399 n

Wetshaw, Aline de, iii, 413 n; Hen.
de, iii, 4i2#-i3# ; Rob. de, iii,
409 «, 412 #-13 #

Wetsnape, iv, 393 n

Wettenhall, Ellen, iii, 280; Phil.,
iii, 280

Wexham (Bucks.), ch., v, 22 n

Whalley, man., v, 184 n

Whalley Abbey, iii, 83, 125, i6o«,
441 «; iv, 357, 389-90 ; v, IIO,
175 «, 184 «, 189, 197, 203 «, 206,
223 «, 227 ; monks, iii, 42, 49 ;
iv, 358, 368 ; see also Stanlaw

Whalley, abbot of, iii, 50 #, 79 «,
83 «, I25«, 146 «, 321 ; iv, 359,
369«-7o«, 377 «, 379 «, 389 »;
v, 190 «, 234; Jno., iii, 83 n ;
Mich, de York, iv, 359 n

Whalley, dean of, Geoff., v, 196-7,
225 ;/

Whalley Range, iv, 302 ; ch., iv,
302, 335 n ; coll., iv, 293 ; Non-
conf., iv, 302 ; Rom. Cath., iv,
302

Whalley, Alex, de, iii, 86 n ; Eliz.,
iv, 17072; Esther, v, i39#;
Geoff, (de), iii, 37 «, 106 ; v,
206 n ; Hen. (de), iv, 94 n ; v,
7«, 177, 2o6«~7#; Humph., iv,
87 ; Jas., iv, 83 n ; Jno., iv, 83 n;
Marg., iii, 429 ; iv, 17072; Peni-
ston(e), iii, 429 ; iv, 170 #; Rob.
de, v, 196; Sibyl de, iii, 86 n;
Thos., iv, 83, no, 170 »; Will.,
iii, 145 n ; iv, 69 «, 94

Whams, the, iii, 45

Wharles, man., iii, 162 n

Wharmbies, — , iv, 199 n

Wharmby, Geo., iv, 278 n ; Will.,
iv, 269 n

Wharton, v, 26, 30 ; chap., v, 34 ;
coal mines, v, 30 n ; Hall, v, 30 ;
man., v, 184 n ; Nonconf., v,

34

Wharton, Thos., iv, 85 n
Whassum, see Quassum
Whatton, Will. R., iv, 185
Wheatcroft, the, iii, 366 n
Wheatfield, iv, 3 1 2 n
Wheat hey, iii, ion
Wheathill, iii, 175
Wheatlees, iv, 78
Wheatshaw Croft, v, 282 n

4°3

Wheelton, v, 295 n

Whelley, iv, 68 ; ch., iv, 77 n ;
Cross, iv, 74 n

Whenby (Yorks.), vicarage, iii,
127 n

Whernstonescliff, v, 291 «

Whethill, see Whittle

Whetstone Hill, v, 99

Whewell, — , iii, 164

Whight Shaw, iii, 293 n

Whightshaw Worrall, iii, 293 n

Whike, see Quick

Whike, fam., see Quick and Wyke

Whimberry Hill, v, 260

Whimbrick, Whinbreck Mill, iii,
264 «, 285

Whingbutts, iii, 161 n

Whinney's Brook, iii, 216 n

Whiston, iii, 71 «, 171 n ; 175, 232,
278 n, 341-2 «, 348, 354, 401 «;
Brook, iii, I78«; char., iii, 346-
7 ; ch., iii, 352 ; coal mines, iii,
161 « ; man., iii, 283, 342, 348,
377 ; Nonconf., iii, 352

Whiston, Cecily de, iii, 372 « ;
Jno. de, iii, 372 n ; Rich, de, iii,
348 n ; Rob., iii, 107 ; Rog. de,
iii, 372 n

Whitacre(s), Whittaker, (Butter-
worth), v, 137 «, 2i8«-2i «

Whitacre (Gorton), see Withacre

Whitacre Ford, iv, 25 2 n

Whitaker (Thornham), v, 174 n

Whitaker, Hen., v, 156; Jno., iv,
1 86

Whitbroke, Marg., iv, 232, 296

Whit Brook, v, 161

Whitby, Eliz., iii, 350 ; Jno., v,
239 n ; Rob., iii, 350

Whitcroft (Farnworth), see White-
croft

Whitcroft (Withington), iv, 291 n

White, Arth. F., iii, 340 ; Dr. Chas.,
iv, 1 86 ; Dr. Fran., see Ely, bp. of;
Hawise, iv, 80 n ; Jno. (le), iii,
227; iv, 277 *, 360; Pet, iv,
360 »; Rich., iii, 391-2; Thos.,
iv, 62 ; Will., iv, 80 n ; v, 29

White acres, the, iv, 2

Whitebanks, v, 112

White Carr, iii, 380^

White Coppice, v, 294

Whitecroft (Farnworth), v, 35 n,
40 n

White-cross Bank, iv, 207 n

Whitefield (ChildwaU), iii, 118

Whitefield (Pilkington), iv, 208;
v, 56, 68, 88, 91

Whitefield (Walton), iii, 21

Whitefield, Alice de, iii, 181 ;
[Geo.], iv, 249 n ; v, 250 ; Hen.
de, iii, H7«, 181 n; Jno. (de), iii,
H7«, 155, i8i«; Rob. de, iiir
181 ; Rog. de, iii, iSin; Will.,
iii, 102, 181

Whitehaud, Alice, iii, 383 ; Rich.,

i», 383

Whitehead Hall, iii, 448

Whitehead, Ad., iii, 282 n ; Arth., vr
220 », 225 «, 227 «; Benj., iii,
215, 220; Cecily, iii, 263 nr
380 n; Chris., iv, 359; Edm., v,
225 « ; Edw., v, 217, 240; Hen.r
v, 124, 133; Jas., iii, 228; v, 94,
121 n, 212; Jno., iii, 228 n, 263 «,
282 «, 380 «; v, 94; Marg., v,
225 n ; Margery, v, 121 «; Nich.,
v, 121 n; Rich., iii, 448 ; v, 36 w,
140 «, 179 n; Rob., v, 233 ; Rog.,
v, 225 n ; Sarah, v, 86 »; Thos.,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Whitehead (font.)

iii, 277 n, 282 n, 448 ; iv, 200 «;

v, 25, 228 «, 272 n, 280 ; Tim., y,

205 n ; Will, iv, 258 ; fam., iii,

282 ; v, 99/2
Whitehill, iv, 326
Whitelaw, Alice de, iii, 216 n;

Thurstan de, iii, 216 n
Whitelock, Rich. H., iv, 301
Whitemeoldale, iii, 50 n
White Moss (Manchester and Prest-

wich), iv, 265 ; v, 83, 115
White Moss (Ormskirk), iii, 283
White Otter Mere, iii, 192, 238 n
Whiteriffos, v, 5 1 n
White's cross, iv, 80 n
Whiteside, Mary, iii, 339
White Syke, iii, 57/2, 272 n
White wood, Alice de, iv, 287 n;

Jno. de, iv, 287 n
Whitfield, v, 108, no; Hall, v,

108-9
Whitfield, Alice de, iv, 305 n ; Dav.,

iii, 31/2; v, 301/2; Eliz. de, iii,

4 low ; Ellen de, iii, 31 n ; Hen.

de, iii, 410 n ; Hugh, iii, 64, 120 ;

Jno., iii, 31 #; Kath., iii, 31 #; v,

301 n ; Ralph, iii, 31 n; v, 301 n ;

Rich., iii, 161 n ; iv, 97 ; Rob. de,

iii, 410/2; Will, (de), iii, 31 n,

124 n, 127, 161 n ; fam., iii, 31
Whitgift, Archbp., see Canterbury
Whitherne, iii, 188
Whit Lane, iv, 220 n
Whitledge Green, iv, 124
Whitlegh, Alice de, v, 164 n ; Rich.

de, v, 164 n ; see also Witlaw
Whitley, iv, 68
Whitley, Nether, iii, 336/2
Whitley, Over, iii, 336 n
Whitley Gardens, iii, 20
Whitley Green, iv, 142
Whitley, Edw., iii, 20 n ; Gilb., v,

218 n; Hen., v, 218 n; Hen. J.,

iv, 113; Jno., iv, 113; Jno. H.

A., iv, 113; Rich., v, 218 n;

Thos. (de), iv, 136, 244 n
Whitlock, Will., iii, 344-5 n
'JVhitlow, Jas., iv, 217 n; Will.de,

iv, 87 n

yVhitlow carrs, iii, 363 n
Whitmore, Will., iii, 163/2
Whitnal, Arth. W., v, 50
Whitreding, iv, 105 n
Whitstones, Judith, iii, 246 ; Rich.,

iii, 246

Whittaker, see Whitacre
Whittaker, Jas. W., iv, 187
Whittakers, Jno., v, 207 n
Whittam, Will. B., v, 38 n
Whittingham, iii, 160/2 ; iv, 113 n ;

man., iii, 162 n
Whittingham, Jno., iv, 279 ; Will.,

iii, 9

Whittington, iv, 143 n
Whittington, Jno., iii, 259 n ; Ralph,

iii, 239 n ; Will, de, iv, 74 n
Whittle (Ditton), iii, 398 #-9 «, 402 n
Whittle (Heap), v, 136, 138
Whittle, man., iii, 17972
Whittle Brook, iii, 402, 409, 411 ;

iv, 376 ; v, 88
Whittle-le- Woods, iii, 70 n ; man.,

v, 247 n

Whittle Pike, v, 141
Whittle, Ad. de, v, 138/2 ; Eleanor,

v, 8; Frances, iii, 410/2; Gilb.,

iii, 410/2; Hawise de, v, 138/2;

Hen. (de), iii, 214/2, 335 n, 410 n ;

Hugh, v, 8, 302 n ; Jas., iii, 410 ;

Whittle (cont.)

Jno. de, iii, 335 n ; v, 138 n ;
Marg., iii, 434 n ; Pet, iv, 66 n ;
Rich., iii, 17 ; Rog. de, v, 138 n ;
Thos., iii, 410/2; Will, de, iii,

176, 4io» ; fam., iii, 410
Whittleswick, iv, 363, 365 n, 372 n,

374, 397 »-8 n ; man., iv, 333 n ;
see also Trafford Park
Whittleswick, Alice de, iv, 374 « ;
Elias de, iv, 370/2 ; Thos. de, iv,
374 »; v, 21 n; Will, de, iv,

374 «

Whittokesmede, Jno., iv, 195 «
Whitwell, v, 223 n
Whitwood, Alice de, iv, 243 « ;

Jno. de, iv, 243 n

Whitworth, v, 188-90, 210-11; chap.,
v, 199, 212; char., v, 201 n\
Nonconf., v, 212 ; Rom. Cath., v,
213 ; sch., iii, 42972 ; v, 201 n
Whitworth, Higher End, v, 206
Whitworth, Lower End, v, 206
Whitworth and Wardle, v, 188
Whitworth doctors, the, v, 190, 206
Whitworth Park, iv, 303
Whitworth, Alex, de, v, 232 n ;
Andr. de, v, 211 ; Geoff, de, v,
2ii n; Germa(i)n de, v, 207 «,
211 n; Hugh de, v, 21 1 n ; Jas.,
iv, 165 ; v, 205 n ; Jno., iv, 201 n,
266/2, 272 n ; Jos., v, 212; Sir
Jos., iv, 185, 287 n ; Mary, iv, 271;
Rich., iv, 219/2 ; Rob. de, v, 207,
2ii ; Swain de, v, 211/2
Wholewhicswaghe Brook, v, 27 n
Whowell Cross, v, 144
Whowell's Farm, v, 282
Whythoud, Almarica, v, 47 n ;
Hen., v, 47 n ; see also White-
baud

Whytlage, see Witlaw
Whytyntherys, Hugh de, iii, 447 n;

Marg. de, iii, 447 n
Wibaldeslei, iii, 114
Wibert (c. 1066), iii, 237
Wich, the, see Peel (Hulton)
Wicheshaw Lydiate, v, 40 n
Wicheves, see Peel (Hulton)
Wicheves, Hawise de, v, 31/2;

Rich, de, v, 30 n-i n, 35 n
Wichshaw, iv, 377/2 ; v, 30 »
Wickenlow, v, 282 n, 284
Wickleswick, see Whittleswick
Wicky Dales, iii, 45
Widdenstall, Hen., iii, 420/2
Widdowes, Esther, v, 23 ; Jno., v,

22 ; Marg., v, 23
Widdows, Jno., iv, 153; see also

Thomason

Widdowson, Thos., iii, 94 n
Widnes, iii, 341, 386, 388-9 ; boro.,
iii, 389 ; char., iii, 347 ; ch., iii,
389, 392 ; crosses, iii, 387 ; Hall,
Upper House, iii, 388 ; ind., iii,
387 ; man., iii, 387, 437 n ; Non-
conf., iii, 392 ; pks., iii, 389 ;
Rom. Cath., iii, 392 ; sch., iii,
392 ; wards, iii, 389 n
Widnes, barony, fee or Idshp., iii, 2,
53, 85, 114, 146/2, 151, 158, 169,

177, 183, 215, 351/2, 355, 368,
387, 392, 445 ; courts, iii, 164 «,
387 «~8

Widnes, Daveson de, iii, 400 n ;
Margery de, iii, 413/2; Randle
de, iii, 387 n ; Rich. de. iii, 388 n ;
Rob. de, iii, 388 n ; Rog. de, iii,
387 n ; Will, de, iii, 210/2, 413/2

Wiend, the, iv, 66 n

404

Wigan, iii, in, 160/2, 175, 212 «;
iv, 57-78, 88«, 101, 132, 174/2,
257/2, 361 ; adv., iv, 59, 133;
boro., in, 24 n ; iv, 59, 70-4, 79,
103 ; chant., iv, 65, 116; chap.,
iv, 59 n ; char., iv, 65, 67 n ; ch.,
iv, 58, 61 «, 63/2-5, 68, 70, 75 «,
77, 79/2, 81 «, 104/2, 117/2, 142/2;
in Civil War, iv, 69, 406 n ; coal
mines, iv, 68-70 ; corporation, iv,
72-3 ; cross, iv, 70 ; hall or rec-
tory, iv, 58/2, 70, 72 ; Houghton
House, iv, 66 n ; ind., iv, 69 «,
70; man., iv, 60, 70, 72-3, 133 ;
mkt. and fairs, iii, 353 ; iv, 69 n-
73, 75 n > mayor and burgesses,
iv, 70-4 ; mills, iv, 70-1, 75 n ;
newspapers, iv, 69 ; Nonconf., iv,
77, 111/2; pk., iv, 68,74; parl.
repr., iv, 74 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 78 ;
schs., iv, 74, 78, 91 n ; sts., iv,
68 ; wards, iv, 73 n~4

Wigan, rectors, (Ids.), iv, 70-3

Wigan, islands of, iv, 75 n

Wigan Lane, iv, 68 ; battle, iii, 164,
416; iv, 69

Wigan Rifles, volunteers, iv, 70

Wigan Woodhouses, iv, 68, 77, 82 n

Wigan, Baron, see Crawford and
Balcarres, Jas. Lindsay, earl of

Wigan, Ad. de, iv, 74 n, 76 «;
Aymory de, iv, 76/2 ; Hen. de, iv,
74/2, 1 02/2; Hugh de, iv, 74 «;
Jno , iv, 249 n, 278 n ; Margery
de, iv, 74 n ; Maud de, iv, 74 n-
5 n ; Nich. de, iii, 258 n, 418 ; iv,
75 n ; Nigel de, iv, 74 n ; Orm
de, iv, 74 n, 76 n ; Pet. de, iii, 418;
Quenilda de, iv, 74 n ; Rich, de,
iv, 76 n ; see also Marhalgh ;
Rog. de, iv, 74 «, 76 n ; Thurstan
de, iii, 154 ; iv, 74/2 ; Will, de, iv,
74 «, 130/2, 139 n ; fam., iv, 74

Wigan Coal and Iron Co., iv, 67 n

Wiggalache, the, iii, 351/2

Wight, Beatrice de, iv, 107 n ;
Thos. de, iv, 107 n

Wiglache, iii, 349 n, 393 n

Wignall, Edw., iii, 300; Jno., iii,
183 ; Kath., iii, 239/2; Will., iii,
90/2

Wigshaw, iv, 156, 159 #-63 n

Wilberforce, Will. F., v, 106

Wilbraham, Edw. B., see Lathom,
earl of; Edw. G., see Lathom,
earl of; Edw. W. B., see
Skelmersdale, Baron ; Emma C.
B., iii, 167 ; Maj. Lionel, v, 22 ;
Randle, iii, 240 ; Rich., see
Bootle ; Rog., v, 12/2; Will., iii,

173

Wilcock, Bryan, iv, 81 n ; Geo., iii,
367; Jane, iv, Sin; Will., iii,

367
Wild, Christiana, iii, 279 n ; Hen.,

v, 110/2; Jas., v, iio/2-ii ;

Ottiwell, v, 110/2; Rob., v,

110/2, 1 15/2; Thos. (le), v, 104-

5, 217/2; Will., iii, 279/2; v,

non

Wild Boars Clough, v, 7 n
Wilde, Josh., v, 1 1 1
Wildemare lode, iv, 315/2
Wilderhurst, v, 7 n
Wilderspool, iv, 363
Wilderswood, v, 7 n ; Nonconf., v, 9
Wildgoose, Rog., iv, 6
Wildhouse, v, 213, 217
Wilding, Hen., iii, 278/2; Jas., iv,

180/2

INDEX

Wildings Croft, iii, 85

Wildman, Jno., iv, 109 n, 145, 394 n

Wildmere ford, iii, 276 n

Wildmere, Wildmare, Pool, iii,
222 #, 224 n

Wilkemogh, Cecily, iii, 256 n ; Jno.,
iii, 256 n ; Rich., iii, 256 n

Wilkeruding, iii, 275 n

Wilkeson, Alice, iv, i$on; Rob.,
iv, I5o«

"Wilkin Hills, iv, 24 2 n

Wilkins, Charlotte A., v, 275 n ;
Jno., see Chester, bp. of; Rich.,
v, 275 n ; Walt., iv, 63 n

Wilkinson, Gilb., iv, 336 n ; Jno.,
iii, 447 ; Josiah, iii, 447 ; Margery,
iii, 219 ; Rich., iii, 37 n ; iv, 162 n;
Thos., iii, 55, 219; see also
Molyneux

Willacey, Jas., iii, 130-1

Willamhespittes, v, 26 n

Willard, Jno., iv, 383 »

Willey Leys, iv, 290 n

Willfield, iii, 303 n

"Will Hill Brook, v, 34

William III, King, iii, 165, 196; iv,
27, 385 n ; v, 14 n

William, Prince, s. of dk. of
\ Gloucester, iii, 20 n

William, s. of King Steph., see
Boulogne, count of

William of Nassau, prince of
Orange, iii, 163

William, a clerk, iii, 1 27 n ; of the
Cross, iii, 256 n, 263 n ; of Don-
caster, iii, 1 25 n ; of the Spring,
iii, 50 n ; of the Well, iii, 403 n ;
the Baggere, see Bagher ; the
Baxter, iii, 1 70 n ; v, 1 30 n ; the
Carpenter, iv, 168 n; the Chaplain,
Agnes dau. of, iv, 293 n ; the
Chaplain, Marg. dau. of, iv,
293 n; the Chief, v, 35 w, 40 «;
the Clerk, iii, 14 «, 355 n, 369 n ;
iv, 84 n, 357 »-8, 369, 374 «,
397 n ; the Clerk, Alice dau. of,
iv, 374 n, 397 «, 405 n ; the Clerk,
Isolda w. of, iv, 84 n ; the Clerk,
Nichola w. of, iii, 369 n ; the Cook,
v, 219 »; the Cooper, iii, 284 «;
the Couper, iii, 1 70 n ; iv, 207 n,
287 ; the Couper, Cecily w. of, iv,
207 n ; the Demand, the Deemer,
iii, 95 «, 97 «, 99 «-ioi n ; the
Fisher, iii, 36 « ; iv, ic»9«, 113^ ;
the Frere, iv, 76 n ; the Harper,
iii, 302 n ; the Judger, see Sefton,
Will, de ; the Mercer, iii, 358 « ;
the Parker, iv, 359 ; the Pinder,
Emma w. of, iii, 202 ; the Piper,
iv, I39#; the Priest, iii, 28 in;
the Prophet, iii, 173 ; the Reeve,
iii, 21 n, 115; the Serjeant, iii,
201 n ; v, 5i-2«, 2ogn-ion ; the
Smith, iii, 24 n ; the Stringer, iii,
266 ; the Tailor, iv, 76 n ; v,
182 n; the Tailor, Eve w. of,
v, 1 82 n ; the Tasker, iv, 390 n ;
the Walker, iii, 17072, 176; the
Ward, iii, 302 ; the Webster, iii,
115 n; the White, iii, 201 « ; the
Woodward, iii, 114-16
Williamfield, iv, 345
Williams, Bp., iii, 19 n ; Jno., iii,
115 ; Jno. W., iii, 386, 391 ;
Marg., iii, 292 n ; Rob., iv, 334 n ;
Will., iv, 322

Williamson, Edw., iii, 130 n, 140 n ;

Eliz., iii, 379 n, 397 # ; iv, 141 n ;

i Geo., iii, ion, 66 n ; Jas., iii, 367 ;

Williamson (cont.)

Jno., iii, 176, 366-7; Jonathan,
iii, I52#; Mdme., iii, 176; Perys,
iii, 356 n ; Pet., iii, 356 n ; v, 22 n ;
Ralph, iii, 65 n ; Rich., iv, 8 n,
ion; Rob., iii, i<>«, 176^, 397 «;
Thos., iii, 106 ; iv, 199 w, 360-1 ;
Will., iii, 21 «, 55, 379 » ; iv, no,
271 ; fam., iv, 10

Willink, Jno. W., iii, 376; Will.
W, iii, i57«

Willins carr, iv, 98 n

Willis, Anne, iv, 373 n ; v, 54 «,
295 n ; Bertha, iii, 352 ; Browne,
v, 54; Dan., iii, 3127*, 352: iv,
66 n ; v, 295 n ; Ellen, iv, 66 n ;
Fred. W., iii, 312; Gen., iv,
i79« ; Helen, iv, 368 ; Hen. R.
d'A., iii, 352; Hulme, v, 54 #;
Jno., v, 54 n; Jos., iii, 352 ; Lucy,
iii, 346 n ; iv, 220 n ; Martin, iii,
352 ; iv, 368 ; Ralph E., iii, 352 ;
Rich., iii, 346 n, 350, 352; iv,
220 n; Rich. A. d'A., iii, 352;
Thos., iii, 352 ; iv, 66 n, 373 n ; v,
53-4, 295 «; Thos. S., iii, 352;
fam., iv, 368

Willme, J., iv, 52 » ; Jno., iii, 334 ;
fam., iii, 334

Willott, Edm., iv, 245 « ; Ellen,
iv, 245 »; Isabel, iv, 245 n \
Mary, iv, 245 n ; Thos., iv, 177 n,
245 n ; fam., iv, 245

Willoughby, Ld., iv, 391 ; v, 8 ;
Hugh, iii, 443 ; iv, 381 ; v, 8 ;
Thos., v, 8

Willoughby, Baldwin, iv, 219, 221 «;
Eleanor, v, 8; Joan, iv, 219^,
221 n ; Kath., iii, 397 «; Mich.,
iii, 397 n; Philippa, iv, 219 n;
fam., v, 294

Willow Snapp, iii, 300 n

Wills, Geo. F., iv, 97

Wilmanford, iii, 279 n

Wilmesley, Geo., v, 239 n

Wilmslow (Ches.), v, in

Wilson, Abigail, v, 290 ; Ad., iv,
345 n ; Ant., iv, 69 ; Bp., iii, 74 n ;
Emmota, iii, 75 n ; Jas., . v, 76,
121 n; Jas. M., v, 199 ; Jno., v,
180; Jno. P., v, 140; Josh., iv,
205 » ; Jos., v, 290; Lawr., iii,
264 ; Mary, iii, 321 n ; Matth., v,
149 ; Nath., v, 243 ; Rich., iii,
75 «; iv, 165 ; Rob., iv, 261 n ;
see also Jenkinson ; Sam., see
Jenkinson ; Thos, iii, 90 «, 93 «,
321 n ; see also Sodor and Man.,
bp. of; Thos. P., iii, 321 n ;
Tomlin, iii, 94 n ; Will., iii, 226 n,
307 ; fam., v, 79 n

Wilson-Patten, Jno., see Winmar-
leigh, Ld.

Wilton, Eleanor, ctss. of, v, 82 n

Wilton, earl of, iv, 155, 256-7 «,
263, 314, 319; v» 56, 58, 60,
i6i«, 262; Arth. E. H. G.
Egerton, v, 82 ; Arth. G. Egerton,
v, 82 ; Seymour J. G. Egerton, v,
82 ; Sir Thos. Egerton, ist, v, 70,
75, 82 ; Thos. Egerton, 2nd, v, 82

Wilton, Steph., see Cleveland,
archd. of

Wimark, Rich., iii, 399 «, 400

Wimbish, Thos., iv, 285 n
Wince Brook, v, 82, 85

Winchester, archd. of, Will. Bolen,

iv, I27#

Winchester, bp. of, Will, de Wyke-
ham, v, 44 n

405

Winckley, iii, 300 n

Windbank, Thos., iv, 278 n

Winder, Jas., v, 284 n

Windhill, Ad. de, v, no«, 214 «;
Clarice de, v, lion

Windle, iii, 2, 341-2 n, 371, 373-4 ;
iv, H9«, 153 n; chant., iii, 376 ;
iv, 144 n ; char., iii, 346 #-7 ; iv,
67 »; Hill, iii, 371; man., iii,
193 «, 3i8«, 371 ; iv, 142, 144 n-
6 ; sch., iii, 347, 374 ; see also St.
Helens

Windle, Ad. de, iv, nSn, 259 n;
Alan de, iii, 283, 368-9;?, 372,
379 «, 383; iv, 79, ioi«, 107 n,
142 n ; Sir Alan de, iii, 372 ; Alice
de, iii, 368 n, 372 n ; Amice de, iii,
368, 372 n; Chris., iii, 214;
Edusa de, iii, 283, 372 ; iv, 79 w,
101 n ; Fran., iii, 393 n ; Hen., iii,
348 n ; Jno., iii, 393 n ; Pet. de,
iii, 36372, 368 n, 372 n; see also
Burnhull ; Ralph de, iii, 372 n ;
see also Prescot ; Rich, de, iv,
211 «, 394 « ; Rob. de, iv, n8»;
Thos., iii, 347-8 n

Windlehey (Pendleton), iv, 394-5 n

Windlehey (Salford), iv, 207 n

Windle's Green, iii, 66

Windleshaw, iii, 371, 373, 381 «;
Abbey, iii, 376 ; chant., iii, 376

Windleshay, see Windlehey

Windsor (Berks.), char., iii, 289 «

Windsor ( Salford), iv, 204 ; Non-
conf., iv, 216-17

Windsor (Walton), iii, 41; ch., i3,

43

Windsor, Ld., iii, 162 n
Windsor, Will, de, iv, 7
Windyates (Sutton), iii, 362, 403 n
Windyates (Westhoughton), v, 21 n
Windybank (Burtonwood), iii, 328
Windy Bank (Hundersfteld), v, 229
Windybank, Hen. del or de, v,

229 n ; Joan de, v, 229 n ; Will.

del, v, 229 n
Windy croft, iv, 155
Windy Hills, v, 218
Winestan (c. 1066), iii, 23
Winfield, iii, 299 w
Wingates (Reddish), iv, 327 n
Wingates ("Sutton), iii, 359 n
Wingates (Westhoughton), v, 20;

ch., v, 25 ; sch., v, 25
Wingeham, Hen. de, v, n6n
Wingerworth, iii, 276
Wingfield, Humph., iii, 311 n; Sir

Rich., iii, 311 n ; Thos. M., iii,

3"

Winington, Jno., iii, 393 n

Winlehurst, iv, 383 n

Winmarleigh, Ld., iii, 309, 316 n;
Jno. W. Patten, iii, 321 n, 338

Winnard, Thos., iv, 67 n

Winnerhey, iv, 305 n

Winnington, iii, 306

Winstanley, iii, 169 ; iv, 57-8, 81 «,
83* 87, 96 ; char., iv, 67 ; Hall,
iv, 87 ; man., iv, 80 «, 83-4 «, 87,
133; Nonconf., iv, 89; the
Riddings, iv, 89 n ; Rom. Cath.,
iv, 89

Winstanley, Ad. de, iii, 169 ; iv,
87 n-8 n ; Agnes de, iv, 88 n ;
Alice, iv, 87-8 n ; Clement, v, 203;
Edm., iv, 58, 87-8 n ; Edw., iv,
89 n ; Eliz., iv, 88 n ; Ellen de, iv,
84 n ; Emma de, iv, 80 n ; Frances,
v, 224; Hamlet, iii, i68«, 307;
Hen. de, iv, 88 n ; Hugh de, iv,

A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

Winstanley (cont.)

76 72, 84 «, 88 n ; Humph., iv, 83,
88 72, I47n; v, nn ; Isolda de,
iv, 84 n, 88 72 ; Jas. (de), iv, 81 72,
86-9 ; v, 224 ; Jas. A., iv, 273 ;
Jane, iv, 88 n ; v, 1 1 n ; Joan de,
iv, 76 n; Jno., iv, 86; Malin de,
iv, 88 n ; Marg., iv, 88 n ; Ottiwell,
iv, 88 n ; Randle, iv, 88 n ; Rob.
(de), iii, 296 n ; iv, 84 n, 88 72 ;
Rog. de, iv, 8072, 84, 8772-872;
Thos., iv, 86-7, 94 n, 97 ; Will,
(de), iv, 83, 88 «; fam., iv, 84,
86, 88

Winter, Rog., iii, 9, 63 n; Thos.,
iv, 127

Winterbottom, Jno., v, 98 n

Winter Hill, Winterhold, v, 260,
286, 29 1 n

Winterworth, Rog. de, v, 217

Winton, iv, 363-5 72, 36^70, 375;
ch., iv, 375 ; Nonconf., iv, 375

Winton, Alice de, iv, 370 n \ Cecily
de, iv, 37072 ; Ellen de, iv, 37072 ;
Emma de, iv, 37072 ; Jno. de, iv,
370 n; Marg. de, iv, 370 n; Rich,
de, iv, 365 n, 370 n

Winwick, iii, I ; iv, 122-32, 140,
16972; v, 22 n', adv., iii, 16072;
iv, 125 ; battles, iii, 306 ; iv, 123,
140; chants., iv, 129-30; ch.,
iii, 416; iv, 123-5, !36, 138 n,
14072-1, 14372, 149 72, 158 n,
163 n; hall or rectory, iv, 141;
man., iv, 141 ; Nonconf., iv, 129;
parsonage, iii, 340 n ; sch., iv, 130,
141 ;v, 1372

Winwick with Hulme, iv, 122, 12672,
140-1 n ; char., iv, 130 ; man., iv,

133

Winwick, rectors, (Ids.), iv, 141
Winwick, Alice de, iv, 1 5 1 n ; Aug.

de, see Darington ; Jno. de, iii,

772, 68 n, 156, 31072; iv, 59, 61 ;

Pet. de, iv, 13072, 13872; Rich.

de, iii, 7, gn, 63, 6972, 156, 31072;

iv, 151 ; Rob. de, iv, 141 72, 151 n;

Will, de, iv, 16772
Wirchinbank, the, iv, 76 n
Wirdehill, see Wuerdle
Wirley, see Worseley
Wirples Moss, iii, 248, 250 », 255 »,

258/2

Wirral hund., iii, 121
Whral, Rich, de, iv, 15272; Rog.

de, iv, 15272
Wirrall, Eliz., iv, 240 72 ; Fran., iv,

24072 ; Geo., iv, 361-2 72 ; Jno., iv,

240 72 ; Ottiwell, iv, 393 72
Wisbech Castle, iv, 103 72
Wishaw, Hugh, iv, 81 72
Wiswall, Eliz., iii, 3972; Hugh de,

iii, 3972 ; Jno., iii, 3972 ; Maud de,

iii, 3972 ; Ralph de, iii, 3772, 3972;

Rich., iii, 3972; Rob. de, iii, 3772,

39*, H3«, 139 »; Rog., iii, 3972;

Will de, iii, 39 72 ; fam., iii, 39
WiswalTs land, iii, 27 n
Witchcraft, iii, 443
Witesike, iii, 77 72
Withacre, iv, 277
Whham, Eliz., iii, 338 ; Dr. Thos.,

iii, 338

Wjthard, see Whitehead
Withenshaw, iv, 302, 33672
Withers, Walt., iii, 35672
Witherscroft, iv, 151 72
Withington (Manchester), iv, 171 72,

174,176, 17872,23172, 23572-672,

252/2-372, 26072-172, 288, 296,

Withington (cofit.)

3 10, 324 72, 328 72, 33 1-2 72, 383 H ',

char., iv, 203 72 ; ch., iv, 292 ;
man. or fee, iv, 20372, 23072-1,
288, 291 72, 298, 309 ; v, 286 ;
man.-house, iv, 288 ; Moor, iv
292 ; Nonconf., iv, 293 ; pk., iv,
288 ; Rom. Cath., iv, 293 ; schs.,
iv, 203 72, 293

Withington (Winstanley), iv, 87

Withington, — , iii, 375 72 ; Anne,
iv, 13172; Geo., iv, 25672; Geo.
R., iv, 256 72 ; Hutred (Uctred) de,
iv, 29172, 29872; Ingerith de, iv,
292 72 ; Marianne, iv, 256 72 ;
Matth. de, iv, 3 1 1 72 ; Odo de, iv,
291 72-2 72 ; Pet, iv, 159 ; Rich., v,
8772; Thos. E., iv, 13172, 159;
Waltheof (Waldeve) de, iv, 291 ;
Will, de, iv, 252, 28972; Wulfric
de, iv, 252, 28972

Withinrod, v, 7 72, 19 72

Withins, the, iii, 222 72

Withins, Jno., iii, 344-5

Withinshaw, iv, 25272

Withinsnape, iii, 266, 27072

Withinsnape, Will, de, iii, 282 72

Withnell, Alex, de, iv, 286 72 ; Rich,
de, iv, 286 72 ; Thos., iv, 87 ; v, 4

Witlache, iii, 276 72

Witlak, see Witlaw

Witlaw, Alice, iii, 9772; Jno., iii,
9772; Thos., iii, 9772; Thurstan,
iii, 9772 ; Will., iii, 9772 ; fam., iii,
97 ; see also Whitlegh

Witley, Hen. de, v, 207 72 ; Martin
de, see Spotland

Witlow Hurst, iv, 87 n

Witton, v, 11772

Wmyr of the Moorhouses, iii, 80 72

Wobrythe Bridge, iv, 323 72

Wodarneford, iv, 394 72

Wodarneley, iv, 394 72

Wode, Cecily del, iii, 33272; Rich,
del, iii, 332 72 ; Rob. del, iii, 332 72 ;
see also Wood

Woden's Ford, iv, 205

Wodward, Alex., iii, 256 72 ; Ellen,
iii, 25672 ; Jno., iii, 25672; Rich.,
iii, 256 72 ; see also Woodward

Woefield, v, 51

Wolcroftshead, see Wulcrofthead

Woldwith, v, 226 72

Wolf, Alice le, iii, 332 ; Hen. le, iii,
332

Wolfall, man., iii, 153 72, 169, 171 72-
4; Hall, iii, 169, 174-5

Wolfall, Ad. de, iii, 14272, 173, 175;
Alice de, iii, 173 ; Anne, iii, 174,
301; Cecily de, iii, 3672, 142;
Denise del, iii, 202 ; Edw., iii,
173 72 ; Eliz., iii, 301 ; Emmot de,
iii, 17372; Frances, iii, 17472;
Gilb. del, iii, 80 72 ; Hen. de or
del, iii, 17372-4, 20272, 36672;
Isabel, iii, 17372; Joan de, iii,
173 ; Jno. de or del, iii, 3672, 142,
147, 16972, 173, 202-372, 36672;
Juliana de, iii, 283 72 ; Marg. (de),
iii, 3072, 173; Mary, iii, 15172,
173-4, 213; Nich- de> iii> !735
Rich, de or del, iii, 16972, 172-5 72,

202 72, 283 72, 301 ; see also
Huyton ; Rob. (de), iii, 1 5 72,
17272-3, 20272-3, 28372; Rog. de,
iii, 173, 17572, 20272; Thos. (de
or del), iii, 51, 152, 17072-172,
173-6, 202 72, 301 ; Will., iii, 3072,
15272, 172-4; Will. D. de, iii,

203 72 ; fam., iii, 202

406

Wolfalrode, see Wolfenhole

Wolfenden, Alice de, v, 226 72 ; Jas.,
v, 94, 212 72 ; Jno., v, 201 72 ; Rob.,
iv, 269 72 ; Rog. de, v, 226 72

Wolfenhole, v, 226 72

Wolfetnote, iv, 330

Wolfhow, Wolfhaugh, Wulfawe, iii,

192 72~3 72, 197 72, 266 72~7 72

Wolfmoor, iii, 383 72

Wolfmoor, Cecily de, iii, 383 72 ;
Rich, de, iii, 383 72

Wolfpit, iii, 23 1 72

Wolf pit Greaves, iv, 377 72

Wolfscroft, iii, 363 72

Wolgarford, iii, 24 72

Wollaton, Wolleton, Jno. de, iii, 9,
96 72, 15672

Wolley, Dr. Edw., see Clonfert and
Kilmacduagh, bp. of; Randle, iii,
4272; Rog., iii, 14472

Wolmoor, iii, 254

Wolmoor, Great, iii, 25472

Wolmoor, Little, iii, 254 72

Wolrich, Will., iii, 37972

Wolryche, Fran., iv, 399 72;
Wolrych, Mary, iv, 39972

Wolseley, Capel, iv, 216

Wplsey, Card., iii, 161, 29072, 344 72;
iv, 12772

Wolsie, Rich., iii, 285

Wolstenholme, v, 13872, 20772,
209 ; man., v, 137

Wolstenholme and Cheesden, v, 206

Wolstenholme, Alex., v, 205 72; Andr.
de, v, 209 72 ; Hen. (de), iv, 46 ;
v, 209 72 ; Jas., v, 142 72 ; Jane, v,
20972; Joan, v, 14272; Jno. (de),
v, 137, 14272, 20672, 20972; Jos.,
iv, 364 ; Martin de, v, 209 72 ;
Nich., v, 14272; Rob. de, v,
209 72 ; Thos. de, v, 209 72 ;
Thurstan, v, 209 72 ; fam., v, 142 72,
209

Wolstonecroft, Nich., iv, 20072

Wolton, Jno., see Wollaton, and
Exeter, bp. of

Wolton Greves, iii, 304 72

Wolveley, iv, 102 72

Wolveley, Alice de, see Woolley

Wolvesegh, Emma de, iii, 198-9 72 ;
Randle, iii, 86 72 ; Rob. de, iii,
198 ; Sim. de, iii, 198

Wolvesey, Rob., iii, 29872

Wombwell, Reyner de, v, 94-5 72

Wood, Alex, de or del, v, 25572,
261 72, 27972 ; Alf., v, 182 ; Anne,
iv, 287 72 ; Ant. A, v, 279 72 ;
Cecily del, iv, 32972; Chris., v,
301 72 ; Edm., iv, 86 ; Eliz., iv,
28172; Geo., v, 97; Hen. de or
del, iii, 389; iv, 20772, 21172,
32972; v, 14272, 26172, 27972;
Hugh, v, 261 72 ; Isabel del, iv,
39672 ; Jacob, iv, 281 72 ; Jas., iii,
438 ; see also Ely, dean of ; Jane,
v, 97 ; Joan (del), iv, 207 72, 211 n;
v, 14272; Jno. (del), iv, 86, 22072;
v, 44«-5«, 97 n, 14272, 27972,
283 72 ; Jno. W., iii, 307 ; Lawr.,
iv, 105 72 ; v, 301 72 ; Marg., iii,
36972; Matth. de le, v, 23072;
Rich., iii, 8272; iv, 11072, 135;
v, 279 ; Rob. (de le), iv, 287 72 ;
v, 23072; Rog. (del), iv, 135,
396 72 ; v, 261 72, 279 72 ; Shakspere,
iv, 187 ; Thos. (del), v, 46, 14272,
274 72 ; Will, del, v, 1 75 72 ; fam., v,
142, 14772, 175, 279; seealso'Wode

Woodall, — , iv, 19872; Will., iv,

20072

INDEX

Woodbury, Walt. B., iv, 187

Woodcock, Thos., iii, 227 ; Will.,
iv, 62 n

Woodcroft, v, 33 n

Woodcroft, Bennet, iv, 324

Woodend, v, 108

Woodfall, iii, 360

Woodfall, Alina de, iii, 361 # ;
Anne, iii, 361 n ; Christiana de,
iii, 36o«-i«, 384 n; Gilb., iii,
360 n ; Hen. de, iii, 367 n ; Hugh,
iii. 3491 Jno., iii, 349, 360 n-
l#; Marg., iii, 406 n; Rich, de,
iii, 360 ; Rob. (de), iii, 361 «,
388 n ; Rog. de, iii, 360 n ; Thos.,
iii, 360 n ; Will, (de), iii, 356 n,
360, 384 «; fam., iii, 373

Woodfalls, v, 5 1 n

Woodfield, iv, 243 n

Woodflat, iii, 29 n

Woodfulrode, see Wolfenhole

Woodgate, iv, 404

Woodgate Hill, v, 128

Wood Hall (Hulton), v, 30 n

Woodhall (Reddish), iv, 329 n

Woodhead Meadow, iv, 290 n

Wood Hey, v, 30 «, 33 n

Woodhill, v, 133, 136

Woodhouse (Spotland), v, 207

Woodhouse Lane, v, 206-7

Woodhouse, Ad. de or del, iv, 1 19 »,
155 n; Agnes del, iv, 155 n;
Alice de, iv, 119 n ; Cecily de, iv,
lign; Hen. de or del, iv, H9«,
155 n ; Ivo del, iv, 155 #; Jno.
del, iv, 155 «; Marg., iv, 155 « ;
Nich. del, iv, 155 ;«; Otwell, iv,
155 n ; Rich, del, iv, 155 n; Rob.
del, iv, 155 n; fam., iv, 155

Woodhouses (Ashton), iv, 284, 338-
40 «, 345 ; Nonconf., iv, 351

Woodhouses, the, (Kenyon), iv,
I55«

Woodhouses (Wigan), see Wigan
Woodhouses

Woodhouses, Ad. de le, iv, 109 «;
Agnes de, iii, 339 « ; Alice de le,
iv, 109 n; Hen. de, iii, 339 n ; see
also Woodhouse

Woodiwiss, Fran., iv, 316; Mary,
iv, 316, 319

Woodlache snape, iii, 296 «

Woodman, Rev. Woodville, v, 41 n

Wood moss, iii, 273

Wood Park, iv, 339

Woodplumpton, iii, 46, 107 n

Woodridding, v, 133^

Woodroffes, the, iv, I34«

Woodrow, Jno., iv, 147 ; Jno. E.,
iii, 245

Woodruff, — , iii, 91

Woods, Chris., iii, 356 n ; Edw., iii,
57 n ; Eliz., iv, 1635 Hamlet, iv,
163; Jas., iii, n n; iv, 147-8;
Rich., iii, 17 n; Will., iii, 57 n,
401 n

Woodside (Middleton), v, 161

Woodside (W. Derby), iii, n, 15 n

Wood Top, v, 150

Woodwal Hey, iii, 399 n

Woodward, Ellen, iv, 368 n ; Hen.,
iii, 93 ; Ralph, iii, 256 n ; Randle,
iii, 340 n ; Thurstan, iv, 368 n ;
Will., iii, 102 ; fam., iii, 255 ; see
also Wodward

Woodward Hill, v, 92

Woodwork and carving, iii, 60, 138,
152, 182, 184, 186, 188, 207-8,
242, 318, 341-2; iv, 125, 189-90,
214, 221, 225-7, 337, 382, 402-3 ;

Woodwork, &c. (cont.}

v, 3, 18-19, 32, 60, 70, 114, 155-6,
185-6, 204, 224, 228, 231, 237,
258, 270, 278, 293

Woolden, iv, 161 n, 352, 372

Woolden, Gt., iv, 160 n, 363, 372

Woolden, Little, iv, i6o«, 363, 372

Woolden, Jno. de, iv, i6o«, 372

Woolden Ringing Pits, iv, 353

Woolfold, v, 143

Woollen manufacture, iv, 29, 175 »;
255, 340 ; v, 128, 136, 174, 189

Woolley, iv, 398 n

Woolley, Wolveley, Alice de, iv,
398 ; v, 77 ; Thos. de, iv, 398 n

Woolmer, Edw., v, 45

Woolrich, — , iii, 35 3 n

Woolsall, iv, 143 n

Woolston, iii, 305, 3io», 328-9,
331; iv, 142 «, 167 », 169 «,
272 n ; Brook, iii, 329-30 ; char.,
iii, 316; Hall, iii, 334 ; man., iii,
332 ; iv, 133

Woolston New Cut, iii, 331

Woolston with Fearnhead, iii, 328 n

Woolston with Martinscroft, iii, 304,

331

Woolston-with-Poulton, iii, 304

Woolston, Ad. de, iii, 332 ; Agnes
de, iii, 332 ; Alice de, iii, 332 ;
Annabel (Eliz.) de, iii, 332 ; Ellen
de, iii, 332 ; Emma de, iii, 329,
331-2; Hugh de, iii, 332; iv,
149 «; Isabel de, v, i8o#; Jno.
de, iii, 332 ; Orm de, iii, 332 ;
Quenilda de, iv, 149 n ; Rich, de,
iii, 321 », 329, 331-3 ; iv, 149 n ;
Rob. de, iii, 332-3; Sim. de, iii, 332

Woolton, iii, 71 «, 87 «, 103 n, 105 «,
125, 134, 150, 176 ; ch., iii, 105 ;
Cliffe House, iii, 103 n ; grange,
iii, 161 « ; man., iii, 33 ; v, 214 n,
227 «

Woolton, Little, iii, 102-4 n, no,
114, 117, 164 n, 169, 1 75-6, 387 »;
char., iii, 108 ; ch., iii, 120 ; Cox-
head farm (House), iii, 118, 161 « ;
man., iii, no, 118, 165 «; Peck
Mill House, iii, 118

Woolton, Much, iii, 71 n, 87 n, 102-
3, 105 «, io8«, 113-14, 124, 130 «,
135, 140, i45»-6«, 150, i8i«,
2°3> 387 n ; char., iii, 108 ; ch.,
iii, 117; cross, iii, 114; Hall, iii,
116-17; man., iii, no, 114, 165 n;
y, 38 «; Mills, iii, 114; Nonconf.,
iii, 117 ; Rom. Cath., iii, 117

Woolton, Andr. de, iii, 1 14 « ; Edm.
de, iii, 118; Ellen de, iii, H5»;
Fulk de, iii, n^n-i^n; Hugh
de, iii, 1 1 5 n ; Isabel de, iii, 1 1 5 n ;
Jno. de, iii, ii5#; Rich, de, iii,
118; Rog. de, iii, H5»; Thos.
de, iii, H5»

Worcester, battle of, iii, 164 ; iv,
308

Worcester, earl of, iv, 1 28 n

Worden, Cecily, iv, 94 n ; Thos., iv,
94 n

Worlegh, see Worley

Worley, Gt., iii, 314^

Worley, Little, iii, 3I4«

Worley, Worlegh, Ad. de, iv, 398 n ;
v, 77 «; Emma de, iv, 398 n ;
v, 77 n> Jno- de, iv, 398 n ; v,
77 n ; Thos. de, iv, 398 n ; v, 77 n

Worleye, Ad. de, see Wardley

Wormestall, iii, 14 n

Worrall, Jas., iii, 220, 289, 291 ; v,
205 n

407

Worseley, Cecily de, iv, 157 «;
Hugh de, iv, 157 n

Worsley, iii, 440-1, 444 n ; iv, 200 ;/,
352, 358 n, 365 n, 369 «-7p n, 376,
381, 390 ; v, 31 n, 35 ; Brick Hall,
iv, 381-2; Brook, iv, 381 »;
chap., iv, 391; char., iv, 362 n,
389 ; v, 5 n ; ch., iv, 391 ; Hall,
iv, 184, 337, 376, 381-2; Old
Hall, iv, 337, 381 n-2 ; man., iii,
432 ; iv, 364, 376, 383 ; v, I «,
26; Mill, iv, 38172; Nonconf.,
iv, 391-2

Worsley, Ids. of, iv, 391

Worsley, Higher, iv, 376^

Worsley, Lower, iv, 376 »; char.,
iv, 362 n

Worsley Canal, iv, 68, 181 »,
38i

Worsley Fold, iv, 404

Worsley Hall (Pemberton), iv, 78,
Sin

Worsley Mesnes, iv, 78, 80 ; chap.,
iv, 83

Worsley, Agnes de, iii, 431 #; iv,
207 «, 365 «, 377, 382 », 388 n;
Alex, de, iv, 80, 82, 388 n ; Alice
(de), iii, 54 «, 336 «, 428 ; iv, 80 n-
l n, 88 «, 139 «, 147 », 378-9, 383 ;
v, 29 n, 30 n, 40 ; Anabel, Amabel,
de, iv, 378 «~9 n ; v, 29 » ; Anne,
iii, 54 «; Arth. de, iv, tfSn-gn,
382-3 ; Beatrice, iv, 94 n ; Cecily
de, v, 291 #; Chas., iv, 304 ; v,
12 «, 247 n\ Chas. C., iv, 305,
310 n; Deb., iv, 304 n ; Edm., iv,
383 n ; Elias de, iv, 377 ; Eliz.
(de), iii, 179; iv, 8on-in, 90 n,
167 «, 378-9 n, 382, 384 n; Eliz.
C., iv, 305 ; Ellen de, iv, 358,
378 «, 388 ; v, 35 n ; Ellis de, iv,
358; Geoff, de, iv, 138 n-gn,
207 », 365 n, 37on, 377-8, 383,
388 «; v, 29 n, 30 n, 33 «; Sir
Geoff, de, iii, 159^, 251 «; iv,
139 «> 359 «, 378-9 », 382; Geo.,
iv, 254 n ; Hen. de, iii, 440 n ; iv,
206 «, 209 «, 312 «, 366 «, 370 n,
377 n-8, 382, 389 «, 404 n ; v,
29 «, 30 «, 40 n, 8 1 n ; Hugh (de),
iv, 80 «, 358; Isabel (de), iii,
25 1 n ; iv, 304 «, 377 n-g n, 382 n ;
v, 302 n; Jas., iii, 436 «; iv,
80 «-2 «, 88 n, 94 n ; Sir Jas., iv,
80 n ; Joan de, iv, 378 « ; v, 29 n,
48 «, 5 1 n ; Jno. (de), iii, 54 n ;
iv, 157 «, 370 «, 378 «, 389 «; v,
48; Jno. C, iv, 305, 308, 310;
Jordan de, iii, 441 ; iv, Son, 107,
378, 384 ; v, 51 n ; Kath. (de), iii,
432 ; iv, 80, 155 «; Marg. de, iii,
441; iv, 108 n, 2oj n, 31272, 370^,
378 n, 384, 404 .«; v, 29 n, 81 n ;
Margery de, iii, 440 ; Mary de,
iv, 378-9 »; Maud de, iv, 377 n,
393 n ; Nich. T. C., iv, 304 ;
Ottiwell, iv, 359 «, 370 n ; Ottwell,
iv, Son; Perkin, iv, 379 «; Pet.,
iv, 304 n, 345 n; Ralph, iv, 15,
80 «-2, 303 n~4, 384 n ; Rich, (de),
iii, 54 «; iv, 244 n, 332 n, 359 n,

370 *, 375, 377-9 », 383 «~4, 388-
9 n, 391 ; v, 26-7, 29 n, 30 n, 33 n ;
Rob. (de), iii, 336 n, 372 «, 428,
432, 441, 448; iv, 9o«, 312^,
366 n, 378-9 «, 382-3, 399 n; v,
302 n ; Sir Rob., iii, 428, 442 ;
iv, 80 n, 82 n, 90 «, 93, 345 n, 383 ;
Rog. de, iii, 431 n; iv, 377 n,
384 n, 388-9 n; Rose, iv, 370 n;

HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE

WvtefiekLL

_: v wytefidfl, lattice de,v, 285 «; Rob.

vgffsar,

Will, de, iv, 102 n

i*8»s Rog., v> IQ55 Susan' v'
162; fam., v, 137
Wro,the,iii,

.
'

Worth'mgton, hr, 1 16 * ; man., v, ^WjJT, theX 147 «
Worthington, Agnes, v, 252 » ,

Anna, iii, 17*5 An" Vh'ris v,
Cecil; de, iv, 1201. ; Chris., v

^"

Yannes, Alice, v, now; Esther, v,

now; Hugh, v, now
Yannis, Hugh, iv, 288 «, 294 «

Yannis meadow, iv, 294 «
Yardraw, iv, 320 »
Yareley, Jno.,v, "

Yareswortroo,,
Yarncroft, iv, 274 «
Yarnsdale, v, 281 n
Yarrow, R., v, 286
Yarwood, iii, 33° «

., Rich, de, iii, 363 «»

Wj

Wulfstansholme, in,

Wulpitcroft, iv, 37 »*
Wulton, Thos., 111,228

Wyatt, Hen., v, 71 5 JaS''R^'h v
Sir Jeffrey, v, 194 » 5 Rich"' v'
24 » ; Susannah, v, 24 »

\Vych Brook, iii, 439

», J » ...

»; Jos., m,

Rob., m,

20, 23, 285 «, 3o2»;
WoSerspoon, Alex., Hi, 292 «

370 n\ fam. ,iv, 370
Wvk, Thos. de, iv, 349 ...
Wyke,tbe,(N.Meols),iii,232

Wyke (Scansbrick), m, 232 n

fishery, iii, 267 n
Wyke, High, iii, 232 »
e, Long, iii,.232«

Wreast, Jas., iv,ii3«
Wrennall,Rog.,iv,94«
WrenoweYard,iv, I7°« ...

_7 iii IQA. n \ rrauK IT., »»

438 ; fam., iii, 260
"v,

iv, 274

13 n ; <jeo., "'> *-- ;- • -...
la iii 28 «; Jno. (dela), m, — -

393 «; Thos- (de)' iiis 393~4*5

Wykehlm, Will.de, ,« Winchester,

bp. of

Wykeside, v, 145 « ... Tas

Wyld, Christiana, in' 279^ ' J, „ .

v, 108 n, 272 ; Rob., v, 5 >

Thos. le, v, 214 «; WIIL> i",

279 »J fam., v, 21 7 » R-rh iv
Wylde, Jas., v, 181 ; Rich.,

Wyldelreve, iii, 332 ; chap., iii, 332
Wylkeihalgh, Rich, de, m, 44<>,

Rob. de, iii, 44° « ...

Wvmark of Garston, ui, 1233
T?V« Ad. son-in-law of, in,
inn- Alan son-in-law of, m,

12^ » ; Alice dau. of, in, I23 f
Wynne, Amelia M.,iii,.i72; Ellen

iii, i72w; Owen, m, 172, •
Rich., iv, 20
Wyot, Rich., iv, 62, 72
Wyresdale, iv, 246" ...
Wyresdale, Rob. de, in, 93
Wyrley, Humph., iv, 306 ; Rog., ni,

223; Sibyl, iv,3?6w
Wyrrall, Jervase, m, 432
Wyswall, Rog. de, m, 14
Wytefield, iii, 124^

iv 53;os.,,>,
Will,v,67«, i28«;fam.,v,34
Ychyndale Moor, in, 123 ,

Yealand,Ad.de,iv,374«;R°b-de'

iv, 374 » ,

Yeates, Sarah, iv, i^4 «
Yeeldhouses, «# Healdhouses
Yelandrod, v, 2io»
Yelanfildes, JM Eleynfield

Yeldehouse, *'' Healdh°U^
Yeldersley (Derby), man., m,
Yeldesley, Rob. de, m, 140
Yelverton, SirHen.,iv, I39»
Yeo,Jas. P.,v,i49
Yeveley, see Stidd
Yew Tree Lane, m, »«
Yitefelt, the, iii, 67 »
Ylgridding, iii, 444

'

Bothe, iii,

Yorkshire, West Riding of,
sion of Todmorden, v, 232
Yorkshire CoU Leeds iv 53^4 |
Yorton, Joan de, m, i6», RKl
YoungM^s Christian Asso,,iv,5o

Ytheyc, v, 121 «

Zouch,Alandela,iv,92;Maudde

la, iv, 92

408

CORRIGENDA

Vol. Ill, page 130, note 12, and 130^, line ^for 'Aspinall' read 'Aspinwell'; note 17, for 'appears to

have been suggested by his estate here ' read ' relates to the Dingle in
Toxteth Park (p. 41, «. 3) '

„ „ „ 1406, line 47, for ' to Runcorn ' read 'to Weston in Runcorn'

„ „ „ 143, note 10, line 44, for ' lances' read 'platters'

„ „ „ 146, note 1 2, for ' . . . Compton ' read ' Thomas Compton '

„ „ „ 149^, line 5, „ ' Lostock ' read ' Birchley '

,, ,, „ 1 56^, line 8, for 'Oxford' read1 Edinburgh'

„ ,, ,, \62>t,for ' Dunderdale ' read1 Dunnerdale'

„ „ „ 218, note i, /or1 1772' read1" 1722'

„ „ „ 220, from note 20 delete ' He was the originator of Holders Tide Tables '

„ „ „ 225, note 14, delete from 'and seems'

„ „ „ 229, note 6, for ( vicar of Birmingham ' read ' rector '

„ „ „ 233^, line i6,for 'by his son Roger' read ' by his son Barnaby (d. 1695), whose son

(d. 1703) and grandson (d. 1709) also inherited. At this latter
date Roger, second son of Robert, succeeded, having lived at the
hall from 1695 '

„ „ „ 233*5, line 23, after ' Roger Hesketh being one,' add ' but it is not certain that Roger

Hesketh of North Meols is referred to '

„ „ „ 253, note 9, for 'Cockayne' r<?«^ ' Cokayne '

„ „ „ 255^, lines 19 and 20. The death of Mr. Edward James Stanley has occurred since

(September 1907)

„ „ „ 268, note 13, for 'demised to James Anderton of Clayton le Woods, the hall' read

' demised to James son and heir of James Anderton of Clayton
le Woods and William Anderton of Euxton the hall '

„ „ „ 269, note 2, „ ' Cavalier's Note-book 261' read1 251'

„ „ „ ,, line 12, col. 2, for ' He resumed' read ' His son Thomas resumed'

„ „ „ 278, note 5, line 3, for ' Bickerstath ' ™?<M? ' Atherton '

„ „ map facing page 341, for ' Rainsford ' read ' Rainford '

» » page 342^, line 12, for ' William Halsnead ' read ' Daniel Willis of Halsnead'

„ „ „ 354, note 12, for 'there is' read1 there was '

» » » 3S9a> line 2J after 'heir' add1 or co-heir'

„ „ „ 372, addlo note 2: 'Alan de Windle and Agnes his wife occur in 1202; Final

Cone, i, 13, 21 '

„ „ „ 375, note 7, for 'Edward Moxon' read 'George Moxon'; after 'in 1628' add 'to

about 1637'

„ „ „ 385, note i6,for 'Mr. Pyke' read 'Thomas Pyke'

„ „ „ 395, note 11, delete paragraph 2 ; Captain John Smith was a Lincolnshire man

„ „ „ 406, add to note 4 : 'For a " Mr. Bold of Lancashire" in 1586 see Morris, Troubles

of our Cat ft. Forefathers (ser. 2), 138'

„ „ „ 418, line 29, add to list of rectors 'c. 1430, William Booth '

„ „ „ 43 2#, line 5, for ' who ' read ' whose youngest son Lawrence '

„ „ „ „ line 3 from end, for 'grandson' read* nephew'

„ „ „ 443#, line 33, for 'supposed daughter' read 'great-granddaughter.' The proof is in

Huntroyde D. T6#, which deed gives the descent of Cleworth
thus : John de Waverton (or Warton — s. William —
s. Thomas, who married Margaret Chisenhale — s. William —
da. Katherine (wife of Nicholas de Bradshagh) — aunt Joan
(da. of Thomas) — s. Thomas Norris.

„ „ „ 449, note 8, for ' Probably son of John Mawdesley ' read ' Second son of George

Mawdesley '

Vol. IV, page 52, line 49, for 'Mr. William Emerton ' read ' Mr. William Emerson'

„ „ „ 870, Roger Anderton was not a Jesuit, but a secular priest j see Kirk, Biog. of Eng.

Cath. 3, 4

„ „ „ 90, line 1 1, for ' Sir Roger Holt Leigh ' read ' Sir Robert'

„ „ „ 178*7, line 5, „ ' in Mill ';<?<?</' Mill in '

„ „ „ i86fl, line 32, „ ' John Allen ' read ' Joseph Allen '

„ „ „ 388, note 106, line i,for 'c. 1480' r^a^'temp. Eliz.'

„ „ „ „ „ „ „ 8, „ ' Undskoles ' read ' Urdeskoles '

Vol. V, page 79, note $o,for ' Sir Ambrose Can- ' read ' Sir Ambrose Cave'
„ „ „ 297, note 31, „ ' Horrockford ' read ' Horrocksford '

5 409 52

DA The Victoria history of the
670 county of Lancaster
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