Was

The

Published monthly by
ART & NATURE COMPANY,
Northwest corner of Seventeenth Street
and Highth Avenue,
NATIONAL CITY, CALIFORNIa.

Vol. XV. No. 2.

est Ame

No. 868

September, fee 3.

EN

n Scientist.

Fifteenth street,
San Diego, California.

CHARLES RUSSELL ORCUTT, Editor.
Price, 10 cents; $1.00 a year in advance,
$1. 25 if paid at end of year,

Whole No. 128.

mm

ADVERTISEMENTS.

A flat rate of five cents a line nonpareil
is charged for each insertion—no dis-
count for time or space.

AGENTS WANTED.

ORCUTT, San Diego, California.

AMUSEMENTS.

BIJOU THEATRE:
No. 933 Fourth st., San Diego, Cal.
A strictly respectable family theatre.
Change of programme every Monday
night Good moving pictures and high-
class vaudeville. Three performances
every hight at 7:30, 8:30, and 9:30.

Matinee Wednesday, Saturday and
Sunday at 2:30.
ASSAYERS.

BAVERSTOCK & STAPLES: 322 W. ist
St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Mines examined. Thoroughly equipped
- for 500 lb. tests.

WADE & WADE: 115% N. Main St., Los
Angeles, California. ‘
Analytical ehemists and assayers.

Chemical analyses, assays, milling, con-
centration and cyanide "tests, ete. Tel-
ephone Green 1704.

AVLORN EN S:

HAMMACK, N. S..: Lawyer BIk., S. D.

BARBERS.

DIMOCK, FRED: National Avenue and

8th street, National City,
Tonsorial Parlors.

BLACKSMITHS.

MILLEN, G. R. M.::
1840 K st., San Diego, Cal.

California.

STANG, OTTO: 18th st., and 7th Ave.,
National City, California.
Blacksmith. Work on honor:

_ Wagonmaker. Repairs that stand use.
Horseshoer. Shoes understandingly.

%

BOOTS AND StiOEs.
LLHWELLYN, WILLIAM: 728 Fifth St.
San Diego, California

SCHWENKE, GUS. E.. 7th Ave. near
17th st., National City, California.
Boot and shoemaker. First-class work,
and promptly done.

TAO
BOOKS:
ART & NATURE CoO.: $68 Fifteenth st.,
San Diego, California.
Publishers of scientific books.
Old and new books bougnt and sold.
5,000 second-nand school books wanted.

GRAY’S BOOK EXCHANGE: 1626 F st.,
San Diego, California.

STOUT’S BOOK EXCHANGE: 612 Fifth
st., San Diego, California.
5,000 second-hand school books wanted.
All the new books for rent.

CEMENT WORK.
JONES, J. F.:
3233 L st., San Diego.
All kinds of cement work done at
reasonable prices. All work warranted.

CLOTHING.

Buy your footwear at
Llewellyn’s,
728 Fifth street, San Diego, Cal.

COMMISSION.

FINTZELBERG, THEODORE:
Express Block, San Diego, Cal.

DAIRY PRODUCTS.

JERSEY MILK CoO.: 2345 H st., San Die-
EO, California.

Weston, proprietor. Telephone
Black 1304.
Best milk, cream, butter. --Prompt de-
livery.

Wholesale and retail.
CONFECTIONERY:
JOLLS, C. A.: P. O. _Block, National

City, "Cal.

Home made candies.

DRUGGIS#S! © 1

CHILEAN REMEDY (C0. S Didde, Cal.
ENE ONT eessoneer to be feared.
e new discovery, {‘Chile: agic Be
lief,’ has cured fnany. a CAE Diego,
and wherever it has been tried. Used
externally and internally. Quick relief
and cure for pneumonia, coughs, colds,
neuralgia, sciatica, rheumatism, La

Grippe, also all kinds of pains and
aches, Instant relief for scalds and

burns. For sale by all druggists.

HILL, W. S.: National City, California.

ai Vente Case

‘THE BEE HIVE’: :
1522 H st., San Diego, Cal. (Price Block).
I Lindenborn, proprietor.

Strictly one price to all.

Best goods for less money
Ladies’ furnishings, notions,
wood and leather novelties.
Pyrographic materials, etc.

Every Friday special bargain day.

burnt

—~¢ << o— —
BONE, S. W.: Yuma Bildg., 631 Sth st,
Notions at wholesale a_ specialty.

Wists and shirts at cut rates.

¥ Te KY)
EDUCA TIONAL,

SAN DIEGO COMMERCIAL COLLEGE:
Sefton Block, Fourth ana C sts., San
Diego, California. ;
A practical business education offers a
sure stepping-stone to suceess. A grad-
uate of the San Diego Commercial Col-
lege is competent to de the work re-
quired, and his or her rapid promotion
is assured. Our graduates are success-
ful because we give them practical in-
struction and personal attention. Send
for catalogue.

PEE CT RAG] AGN:

HUBBARD—HEILBRON Electrical Co.
944 Third st, opp. Plaza, San Diego.
General electricians. Phone Red 3%al.
Motors and Dynamos
Repaired and Installed.
Electro-plating.

EXCHANGES.

Brief notices inserted free for sub-
Scribers.

ORCUTT, C. R.: San Diego, California:
Shells to exchange for shells.
Shells, plants. etc., for books.
Subscriptions or advertising space in
this magazine for books or specimens.

GENERAL MERCIIANDISE.

VAUGHAN, W. B.: 7th avenue and 17th
st., National City, California.

Manager of ‘‘National City Store.”
Dealer in General Merchandise.

HARDWARE.

||MUDGETT, J. L.: National Avenue, Na-

tional City, California
National City boasts a kardware store
where keenest goods are kept for sale at
San Diego prices. Newcomers are al-
ways referred to Mudvett’s, on Nation-
al Avenue, where for ten vears he has
done a successful business in hard-
ware, tin goods and plumbing.
REED, FRANK P.: 7th Ave. and 19th st.,
National City, Cal.
Established 1888. Oldest continuously in
business in National City. Hardware,
stoves and tinware.
Plumbing and supplies.
Ammunition.
Paints, oils and brushes.
Brass goods.
Telephone Main 91.

HELP WANTED—FEMALE.
LADIES to canvass for this magazine.

SS eS

HELP WANTED—MALE.

MEIN of experience to care for bees,
raise fruit, vegetables, ete., in tropical
Mexico, on shares. * *

ORCUTT, San Diego, California.

Ors

—

HOTEL SAN MIGUEL:

National City, Catifornia.

American and Huropean Filans.

Tables first-class.

Rooms pleasant winter and summer.

Try us and be convinced

Satisfaction guaranteed.

W. T. Burk, Manager.

Rates $1.00 to $1.50 a day; $5 to $7

week.

Gas service for entire house.

Teams for accommodation of guests.

RRL Family and Tourist Hotel on the
ay. :

a

HOWUSES—FPOR GR BNE,
CHARLES RUSSELL ORCUTT,
San Diego, California.

HOUSES—FOR SALE.
CHARLES RUSSELL ORCUTT,
San Diego, California.

INCUBATORS: ?

NEARPASS’ SEED STORE: 1434 H st.,
SD. Cypher’s Incubators.

iNKS.
GRAY’S BOOK EXCHANGE:
1626 F st., SD.
Hectograph, Rubber stamp and writing
inks, red, violet and black.

On
T

MEDICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT.

Hippocrates has said that “medicine
is of all arts the most noble; but owing
to the ignorance of those who practice
it, and of those who inconsiderately
form a judgment of these it is at pres-
ent far behind all other arts.’ That
was over two thousand years ago and
medical science is still in many re-
spects an unsolved riddle. However,
its outlook is hopeful for a large
amount of time and thought is being
spent in its study. A goodly propor-
tion of those who are not in the pro-
fession are interested in its study and
acquire no small proficiency in its
knowledge. It is with a hope of for-
warding this good work that this de-
partment of medical science is opened.
It invites reports of original research
and of experiments and discoveries in
ali departments of hygiene from all
who are interested whether in the
medical profession or not.

It also invites questions on all sub-
jects relating to the preservation and
restoration of good health.

MEDICAL FADS AND FALLACIES.

We are living in an Athenian age
with its mad rush after some hew
thing. Every form of science is invad-
ed with some fad or other, some new
thing which often is doubtless some
old thing raked up from the past and
brought to the notice of a new cen-
tury. Medical science is full of fads.
Our tables are piled with papers and

magazines devoted to health culture.”

There is an eager reaching out toward
something new and better, something
that will enable us to live to the age
of the patriarchs, or, what is a nobler
aim, to free ourselves of the multitude
of aches and pains that make life a
piteous failure so that one may really
live while we exist. In so far as the
various fads tend to accomplish this
object they are to be encouraged but
many of them are but sorry fallacies.

There is no surer way of detecting a
fallacy among the various health cult-
ure fads than by comparing the work
- it outlines with the leadings of health’s
'own iother Nature. For example: A
recent fad is drinking water, more wa-

26

ter and more. Two tumblers of cold
water on rising are recommended, sev-
eral during the day and two or three
more in the evening making about two
quarts in the waking hours. This is to
be kept up daily. The fad looks rea-
sonable. A great amount of water cer-
tainsly does go to feed the activities of
the human body and yet just as cer-
tainly Nature does not require us to
drink two quarts of water daily. She
even Shivers at the two glasses of cold
water in the morning. The recom-
mendation is evidently not hers. Nei-
ther is it the recommendation of scijie ce
When properly understood. It is true
that water holds an important field in
the human system. As an eminent
physiologist has said, it is the medium
through which the body is nourished.
But it would be impossible to estimate
with exactness by any known scientific
methods just how much water must be
taken as drink in order to fulfill the re-
quirements of the human system. A
large amount of water is taken in the
various foods. They all contain water
in proportions varying from three-
fourths to nine-tenths. Nature de-
mands these foods and if they do not
supply a sufficiency for the work she
has in hand she invariably calls for
more in some form or other. And it is
safe to say that no one who wishes to
be well and strong, useful and happy
should refuse to respond promptly to
all the calls of Nature.

In fevers, it is true, water must be
generously allowed. And it is also true
that Nature demands it. In some ail-
ments, aS constipation. headache, and
that long train of disorders caused by
a sluggish liver water may be a valu-
able remedy but for the very reason
that it is a remedy it may be discarded
as a daily companion except as Nature
asks for it.

It would also seem, upon a second
thought that the habitual use, the
ferced use of a large quantity of water
if contrary to Nature’s wishes might be
not only foolish but injurious. Two
quarts of water if taken at once would
cause a distended stomach. If taken as
recommended would give work to the
stomach between meals and give it less
of the needed rest. Surely Dame Na-

27

ture has reason as well as
when she refuses to call for two quarts
of drinking water daily. Also many
other fads which are now seeking to
win attention show themselves sooner
or later as but fallacies. Nature
should be the detective of every false
thing. Her ways are the ways of good
health, and in disease her methods and
those in alliance with her methods are
the surest way to recovery.

An ancient writer in describing the
course of sickness pictures it as a bat-
tle between nature and disease. The
physician who steps in to settle the
ditticulty is described as a biind mu:
armed with a club. And physicians
often are as blind men. They may do
their best vet often they cannot see
what they do. The physician, writes
the Irish philosopher tries first to*make
peace between nature. and disease.
Failing in this he lifts his club and
strikes at random. If he hits the dis-
ease he destroys it and restores the pa-
tient but if he strikes nature he kills
the patient. Much of this may be ap-
plied to medical fads. There are
among them many random shots some
of which fall upon disease or disease-
producing lhabits, while others just as
surely are a blow to nature itself and
are to be studied only to be avoided.

OLIVE EDDY ORCUTT, M. D.

PHYSICIANS ON ALCOHOL.

The following statement has been
agreed upon by the Council of the Brit-
ish Medical Femperance Association, thé
“American Medical Temperance A'ssoci-
ation, the Siciety of Medical Abstainers
in Germany, and leading physicians /in
Engiand, on the Continent and in Amer-
ica:—
ils think it ought to be known by all

ast 2

Experiments have demonstrated that
even a small quantity of alcoholic l-
quor, either immediately or after a
shcrt time, prevents perfect mental ac-
tion, and interferes with the function of
the cells and tissues of the body, im-
pairing self-control by producing pro-
gressive paralysis of the judgment and
of the will, and having other markedly
injuricus effects. Hence, alcohol must
he regarded as a poison, and ought not
to be classed among foods.

Total abstainers, other conditions be-
ing similar, can perform ‘mare work,
possess greater powers of endurance,
have on the average less ‘sickness, and
recover more quickly than .non- -abstain-
ers, Reveualy from infectious diseases,

omar &

instinct.

28

While they altogether escape diseases
specially caused by alcohol.

FLOWERS AND THEIR MISSION.

Yes, almost every fiower that grows,
Jn its sweet life some romance knows,
And some heart at once will wake,

A joy or sorrow for its sake.

IKven the fragrance of pine trees,
Recalls a long gone mountain breeze,
Ini vain we hoped health would restore ©
Tc the dear peerless child once more.

Yes, and a iittle bright green spray,
“he teacher wore that summer day,
3 the folds of her soft brown hair,

Make such green leaves forever fair.

VWrith silent ianguage all its own,

Some flower will make its mission known

And thrill the heart in after years

Withthoughtsthat fill the eye with tears.
—Mrs. EH. BE. Orcutt.

RANDSBURG MINING DISTRICT.

A topographic map of the country ad-
jacent to the Randsburg and Johan-
nesburg mining districts, California, is
now in press and will soon be issued by
the United States Geological Survey.
The area covered by this map is known
as the Randsburg quadrangie, and em-
braces -almost equal portions of Kern
and San Bernardino counties, and ~
shows part of the location of the
Randsburg Railroad, which connects
eCcChannesburg with Barstow, San Ber-
nardino county.

The scale of this map is approxi-
nmiately one mile to the inch. The con-
tour vertical interval of 50 feet shows
weil the topographic features of the re-
gion. All roads, trails, mines, and
nouses are shown with great exactness,
and—most important in such an arid
country—the positions of all wells,
springs, reservoirs, and dry lakes are
accurately located. This section is
practically a desert, and unless water
can be found within reasonable dis-
tances and at depths easily reached
from the surface, prospectors and min-
ers can not prosecute their work. The
water for Randsburg and Johannes-
burg is piped from. wells about 5 miles
northeast of these places. It is of fairly
good quality but is insufficient in quan-
tity, and while the water company
charges are not there regarded as ex-
cessive, the lowest rates would aston-
ish those who are not familiar with

29

this desert country. Persons occupying
houses or tents without water pipes
usually pay one dollar a barrel. for
water. '

The whole area represented on this
sheet is one of the most forbidding des-
erts in the United States. The valleys
are practically sand beds, the moun-
tains bare masses of rock. The only
vegetaton in the valleys is scattered,
low cactus, with here and there a
greasewood or creosote bush about
knee-high. The mountains are abso-
lutely devoid of grass or trees.

The mineral wealth, principally gold,
ecnstitutes the whole value of the
country; but this is sufficient to have
built up during the last few years the
flourishing mining camps of Randsburg
and Johannesburg, with an aggregate
population of about 1,200.

NOTES AND NEWS.

E. O. Wooton professor of biology o£
the N. M. College of Agriculture, paid
us a pleasant call recently.

A. S. Hitchcock, in charge of the
grass investigations of the U. S. Dept.
of Agriculture, spent a few hours in
San Diego on a hurried visit to the
Coasi.

ad

MARYETTE FOSTER EDDY.

Born at Volney, N. Y., April 28, 1829.
Died at Los Angeles, California, Au-
gust 17, 1903.

Wife of Cortes C. Eddy and mother of
Samuel Willman Eddy, Mrs. Ollve L.
Orcutt and Mrs. Clara E. Hamilton,
husband and daughters surviving, and
known to a large circle of friends at
Mexico, N. Y., Norwalk, Ohio, and in
Los Angeles, where her years of useful-
ness have largely been spent.

Below are given the words of Rev.
Charles M. Fisher to her friends:

My Christian Friends:—It is to me a
sad privilege to be permitted to speak
a few words as a tribute of love and re-
spect on this occasion. It was my priv-
ilege to know the beloved friend who
has gone from us as a pastor and to
' know her as a pastor comes to know
those who gather week by week in the
fellowship of the prayer meeting.

30

Among those who thus gather she was
ever faithful and her influence as a
prayer meeting member of the church
was strong and beautiful and helpful.

At such a time as this there are two
aspects under which what we call
“death” is wont to present itself. To
the natural thought and feeling death
means loss and: failure and defeat. We
struggle and toil in our earthly service
and when it seems as if the time of re-
ward should come to us then in its
siead comes this strange and ever per-
plexing event of death. The pathway
seems to nature, to run into clouds and
darkness and were we compelied to
judge things purely from the natural
standpoint there would be no other
interpretation tnan this, that life, so
precious to us ali and so filled with
precious treasures of iove and friend-
ship, reaches at last the terminus of
utter futility. We might reasonably
ask uhe question, ‘Is life worth living?”
But today there is in my mind and
heart a very different thought as I
stand in the presence of all that was
mortal of our beloved friend. Not the
note of defeat, but of triumph rings in
my soul today as I recall this beautiful
life to memory. We who have known
her realize well that she would be the
last to wish that words simply of eulo-
gy shouid be spoken today, and yet her
life as we recall its graces is ours as a
precious heritage of memory today and.
it is right that for our instruction and
for our help along the path of Chris-
tian service we should speak to one an-
other of what in her life so beautifully
portrayed the character of her Lord
and Master—the Lord and Master
whom we all desire to follow. And I
shall speak my personal impressions in
the confidence that they also will tell
in part the story of her influence upon
you as you met her from time to time.

I was impressed with the sweetness
of her abiding faith in Christ. One was
always better for being in her presence
for a little while. There wag ever
strength and encouragement for weak
faith in talking with her of the things
of.God. Her consciousness of God was
so marked and manifest in her every
word and deed that one could not but
feel the inflow of new faith and joy in

-

dl

the same Saviour. in whom she so
trusted. And with this assurance of
faith there was always a wonderful hu-
mility. To think of herself as having
any claim upon God because of inher-
ent or manifested goodness was evi-
dently not possible to her. She always
seemed to me to be a living illustration
of the words of the great Apostle when
he said—‘‘Not as though I have al-
ready attained) either were already per-
fect, but I follow after if that I may
apprehend that for which also I am ap-
prehended of Christ Jesus.” Her
strength was the strength of an hum-
ble faith in Christ her Saviour.

There was also ever present with her,
as cone could not but feel, a great heart-
hunger for Christ. She longed to be
more like her Lord and she longed to
have His fellowship more and more.
You remember Jesus Himself said,
“Blessed are they who hunger and
thirst after righteousness for they shal:
be filled” and who shall doubt today
that she is now realizing in its fulness
the precious fulfillment of this assu-
rance?

And then how marked in her life was
her thoughtfulness for others! Never
a thought. apparently for what might
bring blessing to herseif merely but al-
ways uppermost in her thought what
might bring good to the lives of those
about her. In my last visit at her bed-
side I was especially impressed with
this. It might have been expected then
that she would have some words to ut-
ter as to her own condition but instead
she was anxious to know of the welfare
of others and she named over many of
her friends and asked after them. In
this she strikingly exemplified the un-
selfish spirit of her Lord. ‘Not to be
ministered unto but to minister’ was
the guiding thought of her life and up
to the last she maintained a warm in-
terest in all about her

To my mind, dear friends, there is in
this a blessed witness borne of the
truth of immortality. The service
ceases to our sight on earth but the in-
cident of death can have no power to
hinder the ongoing of that service with
God and we are to think of her today
as among those who “serve Him day
and night in His temple.’’

32

The fragrance of such a life endures
and shall abide with us all. She will
“live again in lives made better by her
presence’ and not only thus but the
immortality of those who have been
“redeemed by the precious blood of
Christ” is hers. Our thought must go ©
on and up to the heavenly joy and we
must think of her as dwelling ‘with
Christ which is far better.’’

Pale withered hands, that more than
threescore years

Have wrought for others, soothed the
hurt of tears,

Rocked children’s cradles, eased the fe--
ver’s smart,

Dropped balm of love in many an ach-
ing heart;

Now stirless, folded
leaves pressed

Above the snow and silence of her

like wan rose

breast,

In mute appeai they tell cf labors
done,

And well-earned rest that came at set
of sun.

From the worn brow the lines of care
have swept,

As if aan angel’s kiss,
slept,

Had smoothed the cob-web wrinkles
quite away,

And given back the peace of childhood’s

the while she

day.

And on the lips the faint smile almost
says:

“None know life’s secrets but the hap-
py dead.’’

So gazing where she lies, we know that
pain

And parting cannot cleave the soul
again;

And we are sure that fhose who saw
her last

In that dim vista which we call the
past,

Who never knew her old and laid aside,

Remembering best the maiden and the
bride,

Have sprung to greet her with the
olden speech,

The dear, sweet names no later lore
can teach,

And ‘‘Welceme home!’’ they cried, and
grasped her hands,

So dwells the mother in the best of
lands.

33

Yes, beloved friends, into the joy of
heaven her spirit has passed. We can-
not ease our souls from the sorrow of
parting but we may joy with her that
her victory is won and this hour may
be to our faith an hour of triumph. Her
pathway was Christ and in the mid-
summer she has been called to the
Summertime of joyful and unbroken
service with the Saviour whom she
loved. If we follow her as she followed
Christ, we too, shall one day be called
to the Summerland of love and fruition
of all hope.

Some morning when the wind has set
his bugles all a-blowing
I shall have gone away perhaps,
wthout the flowers knowing
That I who knew, their every want,
-thrice happy in the tending—
Have gone to the fair gardens, where
the Summer has no ending.

And love shall have no power to hold
me with caresses tender,
For I shall pass the sunrise gold, the
moon’s white silent splendor,
Beyond the sunset and the dawn where
never word was spoken,
Where since creation’s natal morn
the stilness slept unbroken.

I know not of the gates of pearl, on
golden hinges turning
The glory bright, more than the light
of countless suns a-burning;
These thing await me, I would be no
reluctant comer,
And God shall call me early on some
morning in the Summer.”

With the faith of these words, that
we belong to God, may we press on be-
loved, hoping, expecting and at last re-
alizing the fulness of God’s promises in
Christ Jesus!

And to you, dear friends, who most
deeply feel the sorrow of this hour— I
do not know what better or what other
message Of comfort I can bring to you
than the assurance which it is yours to
cherish, that all is well with the loved
of your hearts who has been taken
‘from you for a little while, and that
you may, following her footsteps come
to the joy of your Lord and the ever-
lasting reunion of all who are Christ’s.

Press on in the confidence that she

34

awaits, yonder, your coming, and in the
fellowship of that Miaster whom she
loved and served.

And when our service is done here,
may we all be granted the reward of
those who are faithful unto death, even
the crown of life that endureth forever-
more,

Isoetes of Southern California.

ISOE.ES MELAXUPODA J.Gay).

“Polygamous; trunk subglobose,
deeply bilobed; lvs slender, stiff, erect,
bright green, usually black at base (15-
60 in number, 5-10 or rarely even 18
i:ches long), sporangia mostly oblong
(2-4 or even 5 lines long), spotted, with
narrow velum, ligula triangular-subu-
late; macrospores among the smallest
in the genus, 0.25-0.40 mm in diam, with
depressed tubercles often confluent. into
worm-like wrinkles, or almost smooth;
microspores also smaller than usual,
0.023-0.028 or rarely 0.03 mm long, spin-
ulose.’—H, St. Louis ac tr 4: 386-7
(1882). Ill.; Iowa; Chico, Cal.

Varicty FALL. Va bugeimann.

“A larger plant, lf-bases pale, velum
usually much broader, covering one-
fourth or one-third of the sporangium;
macrospores only 0.3-0.35 mm, thick.’’—
E, St. Louis ac tr 4: 387 (1882). Hous-
ton, Texas (E. Hall). Mesas, SD (Or,
My 1903).

Variety CALIFOuN.UCaA A.A eEatun.
“Amphibious, monoecious. Trunk bi-
lobed: 2 cm broad: bulb 4 cm in diame-
ter. Leaves 20-100 10-30 cm.long, 3 mm
broad, flat above, rourded on back, ta-
per-pointed, white or fuscous at base,
with many stomata and 4-6 cardinal
and several accessory bract-bund:es.
Velum 1-% indusiate sporangium with
few or many spots. Gynospores 278-510
u, average 460 u, smooth with a few
fraginentary crests or vermiform with
wrinkles: androspores 26-35 u_ lignt
brown, densely echinate. Difters
from type and Var. pallida, principally
in the larger, usually smooth gyno-
spores and larger androspores. Olema,
Cal. Mrs. Brandegee, Miss Eastwood.
Also Powder Mill Canyon, Santa Cruz,
Cala., C. H. Thompson. Type in Herb.
A. A. Eaton. Cotypes in Herb. Mo. Bot.

35

Garden and University of Minnesota.”
—Eaiton in Gilbert List N A ater ed
phytes, 27 (1901).

“Note, July, 1903.—I have seen no po-
lygamous tendency in this, so marked
in the species. Later material from
several localities in Central Cal., show
that it grades almost imperceptibly in-
to Howelli, on one hand, and the type
and Var. pallida on the other, so with
the mostly unripe material furnished it
is hard to draw the line.’’—A. A, Haton.
ISOH1 Es ©RCUTTII A, A. Haton.

“Plant terrestrial, submerged only
during the growing season. Trunk
slightly trilobed, 4-6 cm long by 3-5
cm high, globose; leaves 6-15, 4-7 cm
long, 6-7 mm broad, triangular, grooved
above, slightly winged at base, with
two (ventral and dorsal) weak bast-
bundles, rarely with lateral ones also;
stomata none (?); * sheaths fuscous,
narrowly winged; velum entire; ligula
lunate or semi-circular. Macrospores
very smali, 240-320 u in diameter dark
fulvous when wet, cinereous or glau-
cous when. dry, brightly polished, with-
out crests, but the surface finely pit-
ted as if with pin-punctures, and often
sparsely covered with a fine scaly-
White dust. Microspores dark brown,
22-35 u long, averaging 26 u long by 17
u wide, spinulose. Growing on mesas at
San Diego, Cal. Sent by C. R. Orcutt.**
Found only in ‘‘wet’” seasons, waen
there is sufficient rain to fill the low
depressions on top of the mesas, in
which it grows. As there are often
Several dry seasons in succession it
must have the power of lying dor-
mant indefinitely, if, as may weil be the
case, it does not make a small growth
in winter even when not submersed. It
is not unique in this respect, however,
as well ripened specimens of HEatoni
and Bootti have been found to retain
sufficient vitality to grow after being
dried and ‘kept in the herbarium six
months or more, while Motelay (Mon.
Isoetes) states that Engelmanni has
been raised at the Botanic Gardens of
Bordeaux from spores taken de! her-
barium specimens.

“A few
may not be without interest to stu-
dents of the genus. The rigidity of the
leaves is not owing to the bast-bun-

of its anatomical characters.

36

dles, which are small, but to the epi-
dermal cells, which are large.(13-17 wu),
with a very thick outer wall (4.4 wu).
As with all terrestrial species, the leaf
cavities are very small and the dissep-
inents correspondingly thick, from 9-12
cells on the vertical to 6 on the trans-
verse, Occasionally a bast-bundle is
absent and its place occupied by an-
other layer of epidermal cells. I have
been unable to find stomata but from
the character of the plant I think they
are present, at times, at least. The
leaves are very small and difficult to
manipulate, owing to the thick dissep-
inents and walls, which must be re-
moved after splitting the leaf by scrap-
ing, before the stomata could be seen.
The terrestrial species heretofore
found all have stomata, though fewer
than the amphibious.

“This is the only North American
srecies with ashy spores, though one
black or dark brown spored species,
Melanospora, is found. Colored spores
are found on several widely separated.
species. Tasmania gives Gunnii, Stu-
arti, and Hookeri with glaucous or
ashy spores; Australia gives Muelleri
With ashy and tripus with fuscous
spores. From South America we have
Gardneriana with blackish spores, and
from Central Africa Nigritana and
Welwitschii with glaucous spores. Sev-
eral other species have spores that are
not chalk-white, the usual color.

“Tn all cases the color seems to be a
pigment secreted in the spore itself,
the enveloping silica having the usual
white color, and all elevations have a
chalky whiteness

“When the deposit of silica is thin
the spores are dark brown, and ashy
when it is thicker.’’—A. A. Eaton, Fern
bulletin 8:13 (1900).

IS EL S MEXICA A Underwuod

‘““Amphibious: rootstock 2-lobed: ivs
20-30, bright green, 12-22 cm long; sto-
mata numerous: sporangia ovel. 5 mm

* Epidermis mounted in glycerine and
allowed to stand till well cleared show
many stomata.—A. A. Eaton (17 Jl
1903).

** Since seen from Clovis and Pine
Ridge, Fresno Co., Cal., C. H. Thomp-
son. Soquel Point, Thompson. Santa
Maria, Lower -Cal., C. R. Orcutt.

38

long, 3 mm wide, delicate, unspotted;
velum very narrow, almost wanting: li-
gule triangular, two-thirds as long as
the sporangium: macraspores chalky-
white, 0.25-0.375 .mm_ thick, nearly
smooth, the 3 converging ridges in
strong relief: microspores slate-colored,
0.028-0.033 mm thick, mostly smooth.’’—
Underwood, bot gaz 13: 93 (Ap 1888).
Slow streams, base of Sierra Madre,
State of Chihuahua, Mexico, O 1887
(Pringle 1447).

Specimens referred to this by Under-
wood, from San Diego mesas, and from
Baja California (and so listed in Or, W
Am Sci 10: 156), are identified by Eaton
as varieties of melanopoda and orcuttii.

BDITORIAL.

Our correspondents must still have
patience with us as work is yet ahead of
our facilities. | Laborers seem not to be
had, and the delays of moving have not
helped us with arrears.

THE COLORADO DESERT.

A vast triangular-depressed plain,
below the level of the sea for a large
portion of its surface, with an ap-
proximate area of twelve million
acres .(about one-half of which lies -
in Mexican territory), and compara-
tively destitute of verdure or of ani-

mal life, is the great basin known as

the Colorado Desert.

This remarkable region lies be-
tween the peninsular range of moun-
tains and the Colorado river of the
west, extending from the San Gor-
gonio pass, at the base of the San
Bernardino mountains, on the north,
to the shores of the Gulf of Califor-
nia, on the south, and forms one of
the most extensive and important
portions of the arid regions of the
United States. On the north and
northeast it is separated from the
more elevated plains of the Mohave
desert by a low range of denuded
hills, extending from the San Bernar-
dino mountains to near the junction
of the Gila and Colorado rivers. Simi-
lar arid conditions exist on the east-
ern borders of the Colorado river, in

39

Arizona, and south in Sonora, and
along the Gulf shores.

From their rich chocolate-brown
color, the inhospitable barrier between
the Colorado and the Mohave deserts
is frequently indicated on maps as
the Chocolate mountains; but the
range is better known to miners as
the Chuckawalla (Lizard) mountains,
a peculiarly appropriate name,
from ‘the great abundance and var-
iety of lizards, but probably given
from some fancied resemblance in the
outline of these hills to this nimble
animal.

The peninsula range of mountains,
with a varying altitude of four thou-
sand to eleven thousand feet, rise in
precipitous abruptness from the
western borders of the plains. The
crest of this mountain range forms
a sharp and well-defined line of de-
markation between the arid region
and the rich and fertile western slope.
The summit is usually clothed with
forests of oak and pine The western
slope is thickly overgrown with a va-
ried vegetation, the valleys supplied
in a greater or less degree with tim-
ber and water. Not so on the eastern
declivity—the precipitous walls of rock,
hundreds, often thousands of feet in
height, present small inducements for
plant growth, and the less precipitous
banks are but slightly less devoid of
botanical forms.

In the mighty chasms (or canyons),
eroded by the still active, tremendous
forces of nature, the botanist finds
his richest harvest amid scenery
that for beauty and grandeur would
rival even the Yosemite. Surround-
ed by walls three thousand feet or
more high, the queenly Washington
palm (Washington fillfera) may - be
found in groves, growing with tropi-
cal luxuriance beside quiet brooklets,
rivalling in beauty and novelty the
giant Sequoia groves of California.

Despite the large areas totally bar-
ren of vegetable life for the larger
portion of the year, the absolute lack
of rain through long periods, which
may extend over three or more years
of time, the Colorado desert possesses
in seasons of precipitation a flora that
in variety and beauty of forms sur-

40

passes that of the Atlantic states. In
richness of variety and coloring, the
flora of California is probably unsur-
passed, and the arid regions of the
state are not one whit behind the
more attractive western. slopes. In
springtime the stately lily of the des-
ert (Hesperocallis undulata) wastes
its sweetness on the desert air; every
dry and thorny bush produces its
quota of beauty, and a wealth of bril-
liant annuals spring into brief exist-
ance,

During June and July, 1888, the wri-
ter made his initial exploration in the
Colorado desert, the main object be-
ing the examination of various pros-
pects of gold, silver, lead and copper,
which had been discovered in the
Chuckawalla mountains, for a gen
tleman who was largely interested
in their development. A brief report
on this region, named the Pacific min-
ing district, appeared in the tenth an-
nual report of the California state
mineralogist, 1890 (‘“‘The Colorado Des-
ert,’’ by Charles Russell Orcutt, pages
899-919).

Lyell says:—‘‘Geology is the science
which investigates the successive
changes that have taken place in the
organic and inorganic kingdoms of
nature; it inquires into the causes of
these changes, and the influence
which they have exerted in modifying
the surface and external structure of
our planet.”

In the decade commencing with
1850 the more depressed part of the
Colorado desert seems to have been
known as the Cienega Grande, now
hetter known perhaps as the Salton
Sea,but more usually designated. as
the Dry Lake; in 1870 we are told by
early emigrants of that period that the
Colorado river was in the habit of
annually overfiowing its banks during
the time of summer freshets, when the
snows melted in the mountains whence
the river has its source. This ‘‘annual

overflow’ (as often omitted as other-
wise, it is said) formed a channel
through the deep alluvial bottom

lands of the great basin, to which the
name New River was applied by the
earlier pioneers who crossed the des-
ert on the oid overland route from

41

Ft. Yuma to San Diego.

Along the course of New River, the
Cocopa and other tribes -of Indians
planted and raised magnificent crops
on the overflowed lands. Corn, melons,
squashes, and other vegetables, and
grain, reached the rankest growth at-
tainable, and some of these early pio-
neers spoke with wonder of the fer-
tility of the soil and the success
attending. these Indians in their agri-
cultural labors. These fertile lands
were formed of the sediment deposi-

ted by the waters of the Colorado

river, and as the soil increased in depth.
the overflow decreased; with the in-
creasing infrequency of these overflows
now of more rare occurrence, the In-
dians were compelled to depart—the
Cocopas retreating to the region of the
gulf, the Cahuillas to the mountains
around the northern arm of the desert.
In 1890 the desert Indian huts might
yet be found among the mesquite
groves of New river, and in 1892 I found
the Indians producing from the untill- ©
ed soil crops of promise, after.an over-
flow of some of the lands below the
United States boundary.
“Approaching Carrizo creek, we saw
for the first time in many days, strata
of unchanged sedimentary rock. These
consist of shales and clays of a light
brown or pinkish color, forming hills of
considerable magnitude at the base of
the mountains. From their soft and
yielding texture they have been eroded
into a great variety of fantastic and
imitative forms. This series of beds
have been greatly disturbed, in many
places exhibiting lines of fracture and
displacement. Where they are cut
through in the ped of Carrizo creek,
they contain concretions and bands of
dark brown ferruginous' limestone,
Which include large numbers of fos-
sils, ostreas and anomias. These have
been described by Mr. Conrad, and are
considered of Miocene age. In the de-
bris of these shale beds I found frag-
ments of the great oyster (Ostrea

titan), characteristic of the Miocene
beds of the California coast. A few
miles north of this point, similar

strata, probably of the same age, were
noticed by Dr. Le Conte, but there they
contain gnathodon, an estuary shell,

42

showing that the portion of the desert
where they are now found was once
eovered by brackish water.’’-—J. S&S.
Newberry.

Dr. J. G. Cooper reports (in bulletin
4, California state mining bureau, pages
58 and 59) the discovery by H. W.
Fairbanks, near Carrizo creek of ‘‘fos-
sile coral-islands, the coral forming ex-
tensive beds about the summits of
short isolated ridges detached from the
mountains of the western rim, and con-
sisting at their bases of granitic or
metamorphic rocks. The ridges appear
to have been islands when the desert
formed part of the Gulf of California,
or of the Pacific ocean, and were at the
right depth beneath the surface for
coral growth on their summits for a
long period. With the coral occurred
several fossil shells of forms quite un-
like those of the late tertiary of Car-
rizo creek beds, and apparently unlike
those now inhabiting the Gulf of Cali-
fornia.”

Fragments of fossiliferous rock of
the Carboniferous age have been found
in the Carrizo creek region by various
collectors, but none in place have yet
been reported.

The Indians, according to Dr. Stephen
Bowers, still preserve the memory of
catching fish aiong the eastern base of
the San Jacinto mountains, where the
Cahuilla Indians pointed out to him
the artificial pools, or ‘‘stone fish
traps,’’ where their ancestors easily se-
cured the fish on the receding of the
tides of the ancient sea. This would
seem to indicate that the change from
an arm of the gulf is comparatively
recent, and a study of the fossils seems
to confirm this view. An old Indian
in the Cuyamaca mountains pointed
out to miners a few years ago points
in the hills to the eastward where his
great grandfather used to catch fish
from the sea.

The cause of the separation of this
region from the gulf can be readily un-
derstood in the present encroachment
of the land that is forming from the
sediment and debris of the Colorado
river, where it empties into the gulf.
With the formation of a barrier separ-
ating thebasin from the gulf, the im-
prisoned waters were at once subject-

43

ed to rapid evaporation.

The presence of fresh water shells
in a semi-fossil condition, of a brack-
ish water mollusk, and of marine shells
of species now found living at San
Diego, on the Pacific side, would seem
to indicate that thegreat changes which
have unquestionably taken place in
this remarkable region were the re-
sult of natural phenomena of gradual,
yet rapid, occurrence. After its iso-
lation from the sea, with rapid evapor-
ation, few years were requisite to
transform this basin from an arm of
the sea to a barren waste, the salt of
the sea water forming the salt mines
at Salton.

The Colorado river doubtless hurried
past as it does today to the gulf, until
breaking down.-the barrier it had itself
erected. With alternate periods of
evaporation and influx of fresh wa-
ter, the great basin changed first to
a brackish lagoon, and finally to a vast
fresh water lake.

The water of the Colorado river at
Yuma is known to carry at high wa-
ter not less than ten per centum of
solid matter. The deposit of this sedi-
ment in the great basin doubtless rap-
idly formed the deep and fertile lands
which are now being harnessed into
service at Indio and Imperial, and
being converted at the latter place, by
the utilizing under control of the wa-
ter from the Colorado river, into fields
of agricultural promise.

Dr. Robert Edward Carter Stearns, in
a paper read before the California
academy of sciences, entitled ‘““Remarks
on fossil shells from the Colorado
Desert’? (published in the American
Naturalist, 13:141-154, March, 1879), dis-
cussed the occurrence of fresh water
shells found in a well at Walter’s sta-
tion at a depth of fifty feet. The sur-
face of the desert where this well was
sunk is 195.54 feet below sea level. Dr.
Stearns remarks:

“Shall we indulge in a guess as to
the depth of the water when these
shells were alive? Shall we add the
depth of the well to the elevation of

bench marks, the ancient levels which

form terrace lines in some places along
the distant hills, once a part of the
shores of an ancient lake, the walls of

44

the basin which once inclosed and held
a fresh-water sea? It may have been,
however, that the lake was never so
deep as the figures thus added would

indicate, and that instead of a lake or,

a series of lakes, there existed only a
lagoon or chain of lagoons, connected
or disconnected, according to the vol-
ume of water, which probably varied
One season as compared with another;
a system of shallow reservoirs, receiving
the catchment or surplus water in per-
iods or seasons of unusual rainfall,
sometimes, after a prolonged and wide-
spread storm of great severity, uniting
and forming an extensive expanse a
few feet only in depth, as was seen in
the valleys of California during the
notable winter of 1861-62. The rate of
depression may have been such as to
continue to keep the lagoons supplied,
* * * and that only within a very re-
cent period has this depressed por-
tion of the Colorado basin become bare
and dry. Are the phenomena which
this vast and remarkable region exhib-
its * * * the result of catastrophic ac-
tion, sudden, violent, and widespread,
or the result of gradual changes mov-
ing slowly through countless’ cen-
turies ?”’

At Salton fresh water shells are found
in countless myriads, with recent spec-
ies of marine shells, on the surface of
the plain, 250 feet below sea level. Por-
tions of the Dry lake are 300 feet below
sea, level. These minute fresh water
Shells are drifted into windrows in
places, where they may be scraped up
by the quart.

Along the eastern base of the San
Jacinto mountains, an old beach line
is well defined, and can be easily traced
for miles. The rocks are worn and
rounded up to this line, sharp and jag-
ged above. This line by actual meas-
urement has been found to be even with
the present leval of the sea.

Major W. H. Emory, in report of the
United States and Mexican boundary
survey, gave the following table of
distances:

San Felipe to Vallecito, 17.85 miles.

Vallecito to Carrizo creek, 16.6 miles.

Carrizo creek to Big laguna, 26.41
miles,

Big laguna to New river, 5.83 miles.

45
New river to Little laguna, 4.5 miles.
Little laguna to Alamo Mocho, 16.44

‘miles.

Alamo Mocho to Cook’s well, 21.84
miles.
Cook’s well to Fort Yuma, 20 miles.

Dr. Charles Christopher Parry, bot-
anist and geologist of the United States
boundary commission, in reporting a
reconnoissance made in 1849, wrote,
concerning this region, as follows:

“On leaving the last rocky exposures
to enter on the open desert plain, we
pass, some distance down the bed of
Carrizo creek; along the course of
which are exposed the high bluffs of
sand, marl and clay, exhibiting a fine
sectional view of the tertiary formation
on which the desert plateau is based.
At the point where the road leaves the
bed of the creek, to mount to the des-
ert tableland, some 150 feet above, fos-
sil marine shells of Ostrea are found,
and gypsum makes its appearance in
extensive beds. The uvper layer of
the tableland shows a variable thick-
ness, composed of water-worn pebbles,
derived from the adjoining mountains.
Near the mountain base, this plateau
has a height of about 500 feet above
the level of the Colorado river. The
surface extends in a gentle slope to-
wards the Colorado, or eastward, about
the distance of 25 miles, where it reach-
es its lowest depression at the lagoon
or New) river basin, which is in fact a
part of the extended alluvial tracts be-
longing to the Colorado river.”

The New river region receives the
drainage of a large scope of country,
which is sometimes visited by heavy
showers. “It retains this rain-water,
and river overflows, fdr _ several
months; when both these sources fail,
it becomes a perfectly dry bed, or con-
tracts into quaggy saline marshes’’
(Parry). After a heavy rain or over-
flow there is a rank growth of grass,
and other vegetation, while consider-
able portions sustain a heavy growth
of the mesquite. This affords fine
grazing for stock, which cattle men
have not been slow to appropriate.

Between the peninsula range and the
Colorado river and the gulf lies a high
mountain range, to the most northern
and western point of which has been

46

given the name of Signal» mountain;
this consists of a form of syenite, as-
sociated with recent lava. “Its sur-
face is bare, and presents a forbidding
outline of dark weathered rock, vari-
ously marked by furrows, and shows
an irregular crest, gradually sloping
towards the east.’ (Parry).

The Maricopas (of Arizona), the
Cuchanos or Yumas, and the Cocopas
are said to have originally formed one
tribe. The Cocopa Indians reside with-
in the limits of Mexico and the Yumas
in United States territory. Major
Heintzelman, in speaking of their ag-
riculture, says: “It is simple; with
an old axe, if they are so fortunate as
to possess one, knives, and fire, a spot
likely to overflow is cleared; after the
waters subside, from the annual rise,
small holes are dug at proper intervals,
a few inches deep, with a sharpened
stick, having’ first removed the surface
for an inch or two, as it is apt to cake;
the ground is tasted; if salt, rejected
and if not the seeds are planted. No
further care is required but to remove
the weeds, which grow most luxuriant-
ly wherever the water has been. They
cultivate watermelons, muskmelons,
pumpkins, corn, and beans. The water-
melons are small and indifferent, musk-
melons large, and pumpkins’ good;
these latter they cut and dry,for win-
ter use. Wheat is planted in the same
manner, near the lagoons, in December
or January, and ripens in May or June.
It has a fine, plump grain and well-
filled heads. They also grow grass-
seed for food; it is prepared by pound-
ing the seed in wooden mortars made of
mesquite, or in the ground. With wa-
ter the meal is Kneaded into amass and
then dried in the sun. The mesquite

bean is prepared in the Same manner,

and will keep to the next season. The
pod-mesquite begins to ripen the lat-
ter part of June; the screw-bean a lit-
tle later. Both -contain a great deal
of saccharine matter; the latter is so
full, it furnishes, by boiling, a palatable
molasses; and from the former, by boil-
ing and fermentation, a tolerably good
drink may be made. The preat depend-
ence of the Indian for food, besides the
product of his fields, is the mesquite
bean. Mules form a favorite article

47

of food; but horses are so highly priz-
ed, they seldom kill them, unless press-
ed by hunger, or required by their cus-
toms.”’

Much the same methods are followed
by the Cocopas today, as observed by
the writer. They also visit the can-
yons opening on the desert from the
west, and gather the sweet and edible
palm fruits, there so abundant, and no
doubt seek at times the pinyons or pine
muts in the forests at the summit of
the peninsula range.

The townsite of Imperial is situated
about 30 miles east of the old stage
station on Carrizo creek, and here a
new civilization, based on modern agri-
cultural methods, is like to thrive
where roamed the nomad in former
time.

Dr. J. Le Conte, gave an interesting
account of some volcanic mud springs
or solfataras, near the Southern Paciiic
railroad, on the Colorado desert in Sil-
liman’s Journal (2d ser. XIX, Ja. 1855).
Arthur Schott mentions a Severe earth-
quake which occurred November 29,
1852, and quotes from manuscripts by
Major Heintzelman, as follows: “There

exists, about 45 miles below Fort Yuma,

in the desert between the western Cor-
dilleras and the Colorado, a pond, con-
sidered as an old orifice, which had
been closed for several years. The first
shock of an earthquake, in 1852, caused
a mighty explosion. The steam rose
a beautiful snowy jet more than 1,000
feet high into the air, where it spread
high above the mountains, gradually

disappearing as a white cloud. This
phenomenon repeated itself several
times in a diminishing scale. Three

months later I visited the place; jets
took place at irregular intervals, from
15 to 20 minutes. The effect was beau-
tifui, as they rose mingled with the
black mud of the pond. The tempera-

-ture of the water in the principal pond

was 118 degrees F., in the sraaller one
135, and in one of the mud holes, from
which gases escaped, 170. The air
which escaped was full of sulphurated
hydrogen, and in the crevices crystals
of yellow sulphur were found. The

‘ground near abeut was. covered with

a white efflorescence, tinged with red
and yellow. On the edge of a small

48

pond crystals of sal ammonia, 1 to 5
inches long, were collected.”

At the time of this earthquake low
grounds near Yuma became full of
cracks, many of which spouted out sul-
phurous water, mud, and sand. Dr.
Parry records that the river formed
new bends, leaving portions of its old
bed so suddenly that thousands of
fishes were left lying on the muddy
bottom to infect in a few days the air
along the river by their putrefaction,
and that the frequency of earthquakes
occurring here forms also a point in
the mythology and traditional tales of
the aborigines.

Our aim in journalishm is to popular-
ize study, to create a greater interest
in the beauties of the world, to increase
the number of lives that shall leave a
mark on the world’s history—lives more
worthy of the Creator of the universe.

Our direct aim is a review of our
present knowledge, and a record of new
discoveries, in natural history and other
branches of science. Descriptions of
animals and plants, not easily accessi-
ble to the young student, notes of eco-
nomic or geographic significance, biblo-
graphy, synonymy, and an interchange
of ideas, will be means used to a com-
mon end.

Cie, ORCOAY.
Se _____

The CALIFORNIA BOTANICAL
GARDEN is a private enterprise, aim-
ing at the formation of as large a col-
lection of living plants as it may be
found practicable to grow under the
favorable conditions existing in South-
ern California for plant life.

THE BULLETIN will be issued oc-
casionally as a means of communica-
tion with our correspondents.

Literature will always be welcomed
in return.

Lists, mainly of species represented
in the collection, will appear from time
to time in the bulletin, to facilitate ex-
changes.

CORRESPONDENCE is invited,
with the view of increasing our collec-
tion by exchanges. We can supply
many things in large quantities to
dealers or others, and can oftem use
quantities of certain seeds, bulbs and
plants.

49

Lists of collectors of native seeds and
plants, horticultural catalogues of ev-
ery description, and botanical, horti-
cultural and agricultural literature in
general is wanted.

Address all correspondence to the
agents,

The ORCUTT . SEHD ‘and. PLANT

COMPANY,

San Diego, California.

MAGAZINES.

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list of wants.

AMERICAN BOTANIST:
AMERICAN GARDENING:
AMERICAN GEOLOGIST:
AMERICAN FLORIST:

AMERICAN HOMES:

AMERICAN NATURALIST:
AMERICAN Mo. REV. of REVIEWS:
AMBERICAN ORNITHOLOGY:

Chas. K. Read, Sta. A. Worcester,
Mass.; 59 ets a year (monthly). “The
best illustrated bird magazine.’’ Send

10 ets for 3 months’ trial. Pictures of
birds, nests and eggs.
CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE:

Beaver Springs, Pa.

CURIO EXCHANGE:

New Kamilche, Washington.
CURIO MONTHLY:

Connersville, Indiana.
CURRENT ADVERTISING:
GARDEN AND FOREST:
—Volumes 1-10. $100.
GARDENING:

GOLDEN ERA:

About 40 different numbers, 5c each.
GREAT SOUTHWEST: ‘

A journal of horticulture published for
several years in San Diego, California.
Complete sets are not obtainable, but we
have the entire stock of back numbers at
5e each.

MINING: Spokane, Washington.

Journal of the northwest mining asso-
ciation. $1 a yr. Monthly.
MUHLENBERGIA:

No. 547 W. Walnut st., Lancaster, Pa. .

A journal of botany edited and pub-
lished by A. A. Heller. $1 a yolume.

NAUTILUS: 4

Cor. 19th and Race sts., Philadelphia,
Pa.

Devoted to the interests of concholo-

gists. onthly, $1 a year.
OOLOGIST: Albion, N. Y.
PACIFIC ENSIGN:
PITTONIA:

POPULAR SCIENCE NEWS:
Semi-Tropical Planter: 4to., ilf.,

SAG Doo eteaidic lee oie ate ete Satine Sec ae 1.06
West American Scientist, Nos. 12-19, 83-

(ny Ol eye ses Gos Gomoo 4 Sama abr, -10
YOUNG MEN’S JOURNAL:

_ $1 for 20 different numbers,
Zoe: A journal of biology, 4 vols....... 10.0

ORCUTT, San Diego, California.

INSURANCE---FIRE.
FINTZELBERG, THEODORE:
Express Block, San Diego. Cal.

INSURANCE—LIFE.

DODSON, A. #.: 909 Fourth st., SD.
LAUNDRIE,
SCHWENKE, GUS. E.: 7th ave. near 17th

st., NC.
Agent of San Diego Steam Laundry.

MEN’S FURNISHINGS. |

BONE,S. W.: Yuma Bldg., 631 5th st., SD.

Buy your footwear at
Llewellyn’s,
728 Fifth street, San Diego. Cal.

MINING.

ORCUTT, C.°R.: San Diego: Cal:
Mines examined. Conservative reports.

MONEY TO LOAN.

HAMMACK, N. S.:
Lawyer Block, San Diego, California.

NOLARY Pua Lic.
DODSON, A. E.:
No. 909 Fourth St., San Diego, Cal.

FINTZELBERG, THEODCRE:
Express Block, San Diego, Cal.

PER TODIC WTS

FARM AND FIRESIDE:

Springfield, Ohio.
HEALTH-CULTURE:

No. 503 Fifth Avenue, New York.
JULIAN MINER: Julian, San Diego Co.,

Cal.

Published in the center of a rich mining
belt where orchards, gardens, grain fields,
creameries, and apiaries flourish, timber
and water are plentiful,
resorts are numerous, where mineral
springs are of great benefit to hundreds
of health seekers at all seasons. John G.
Overshiner, editor and proprietor.
PACIFIC FLORIST, Orchard and Garden

Magazine: 229 Stevenson street, San

Francisco, Cal.

An illustrated monthly of useful infor-
mation to all interested in the cultivation
of fruits and flowers, ornamental horti-
culture, agriculture and landscape gar-
dening. $1 a year; 50 cents for 6 months;
$2 to foreign countries. H. H. Lilien-
thal, editor and manager.

PHYSICIANS.

ORCUTT, OLIVE L. EDDY: ia Diego,
California.
Graduate of the Homeopathic Medical
College, University of Michigan.

PLANTS.
CHARLES RUSSELL ORCUTT,
San Diego, California.

and picturesque °

PROVISIONS.
BOHNERT, J. T.: Seventh avenue and
Nineteenth street, National City Cal.

Proprietor Pioneer Meat Market.
Telephone Brown 8%.
Dealer in all kinds of fresh and smoked

meats.
REAL ESTATE.

ORCUTT C7 he:

SBP)

NEARPASS’ SEED STORE:
1484 H st., San Diego, Cal.

OCRCUTT SEED AND PLANT Co.:
Diego, Cal.
Wholesale
Growers.

STATIONERY
JOGES, "Co. cAG:) PP. ©. Blocks, “National
City, ‘Cal.
Agent of San Diego Steam Laundry.

TENTS AND AWNINGS.

BENSON, GEORGE A.:

San Diego, California.

San

Collectors, Importers and

845 Fourth st., San Diego, California.
San Diego, Cal.
TRANSPORTATION.

SAN DIEGO, CU

BKHASTHRN RAILWAY.
Depots foot Tenth and Sixteenth and N.

Trains leave San Diego daily, 9:02 a. m.
and (except Sundays) 4:22 p. m., for Lem-
on Grove, La Mesa, El Cajon, Lakeside
and Foster.

Returning, arrive San Diego 8:28 a. m.
and 3:30 p. m. daily except Sunday, and
5:05 p. m. on Sundays only. The only east-
bound train on Sunday leaves at 9:02 a.m.

The 9:02 a. m. train connects with sta-
ges for Alpine, Cuyamaca, Ramona, Jul-
ian, ete., daily except Sunday
NATIONAL CITY & OTAY RAILWAY.

Train leaving Tia Juana at 7:00 a. m.
week days, leaves Sunday at 12:15.a. m.

Sunday train leaves San Diego 5:20 p.
m. only, arrives San Diego 1:30 p. m. only.

E. A. Hornbeck, Superintendent.

E. A. HORNBEICK, Superintendent.

B. P. CHENEY, President.

TREES.

ORCUTT SEED and PLANT Company,
San Diego, California.

- TRUNKS.
SAN DIEGO TRUNK FACTORY:
Jas. H. Woof & Co., proprietors.
Manufacturers and dealers in
Good Strong Trunks,
Traveling bags,
Dress Suit Cases, etc.
airing and exchangeing a specialty.
615 Fifth st.. between G and H,
San Diego, California.

YAMACA
AN!

OLD
MEXICO

and Sweetwater Dam in a day.
Through Orange and Lemon Groves.

A trip to San Diego is incomplete with-
out a trip to Old Mexico and the
Sweetwater Dam over the

National City and Otay Railway.

Train leaves foot 5th st. at g:10 A. M.
daily—for particulars see folders.

E. A. HORNBECK, Superintendent.

RAISINS

We have a lot of the Choicest 4 Crown

London Layers which we are offering at
3 Ibs. for 25 cents.

The CENTRAL GROCERY Company

739 Fifth st.
San Diego, California.

SANITARIAN, THE:
337 Clinton st., Brooklyn, N. Y.
‘“"The best Sanitary publication
America.’’—Miss. Valley Med. Mo.
“Hasily maintains its superiority over
all similar publications.’’—Med. World.
$4 a year in advance, 35 cts. a number,
sample copies 20 ets. (10 2-cent postage

in

stamps)). 9 pages text monthly; 2 vol-
umes yearly.
“The editor, Dr. A. N. Bell, is well

Known as a leader in sanitary science.’’
N. Y. Jour. of Commerce.

WILSON BULLETIN:
1650 N. Professor st., Oberlin, Ohio.
“The best exponent of field ornithol-
ogy.’
Specimen. copy free. .

50 YEARS’
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TRADE Marks
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CopyYRIGHTS &c.
Anyone sending a sketch and desert aticr may
quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an
invention is probably patentable. Communica-
tions strictly confidential. Handbook on Patents
sent free. Oldest apeney for securing patents.

Patents taken through Munn ~~ Co. receive
special notice, without charge, in the

Scientific American.

A handsomely illustrated weekly. Largest cir-
. culation of any scientific journal. ‘Terms, $3 a
year; four months, $1. Sold byall newsdealers.

& (0,36 18roadway, New York

Branch Office, 625 F St., Washington, D. C.

TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST: Colombo,
Ceylon; A. M. & J. Ferguson, publish-
ers, Ceylon Observer Press: For Amer-
ica, postpaid $6.50, or $3.50 for 6 months
in advance. Monthly.

All about tea, coffee, tobacco, cotton,
cimchona, cacao, sugar, cardamoms, Li-
berian coffee, indiarubber, cinnamon, cas-
sia, cocoanuts, palmyra, and other palm
trees, aloes and other fibre plants, rice,
fruit trees, vegetables, citronella and
other grasses yielding essential oils, gum
and other ‘ropical products.

~ et oe

YOUTH’S COMPANION:

144 Berkeley street, Boston, Mass.

This popular paper is edited for the en-
tire family, and is eagerly looked for
each week by young and old alike.
Bright and amusing anecdotes, stories,
curious and useful knowledge, timely ed-
itorials on public and domestic questions
make up this great literary achievement.
$1.75 a year.

PHILATELIC West and Camera News:
Superior, Nebraska
Have you a hobby? “Don’t delay but

send today!” for the largest of all month-

lies in Nebraska, and the largest in the
world devoted to all kinds of hwbbies.

Sent on trial for 4 months for 10 cents, or

50 cents per year. Send 10c for 4 months’

trial, or 50c for a year, 100 pages each
month devoted to curios, relics, coins,
stamps, photography, history, etc., finely

illustrated; organ of 23 societies of 20,000
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write today!

ee

OHIO NATURALIST: Columbus, O.
Published by the biological club of the

Ohio state BRI veRey: sue a year of 8

numbers. f