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Division of Moliasies
The West American Scientist.
Vol. XIII. No. 1.
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Seed 25 cents a packet, $1 an ounce.
THE STRAWBERRY GUAVA.
The Cattley Guava (Psidium Cattley- anum), better known as the strawberry, is rapidly gaining in popular’ favor throughout Florida and Southern Califor- nia, and has been highly recommended for cultivation in Arizona and New Mexi- co. It is unquestionably the most desira- ble and useful of the many varieties of fruits known under the name of fuava. It is a shrub or small tree that adapts it- self to a dwarfish habit when grown in the ‘house in cold climates, but in a ‘con- genial clime attains a maximum growth
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Seeds $2.00 per pound, 10c. a packet. PHOENIX CANARIENSIS Hort.
The Canary Islands date palm is an ele-
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Seeds 50 cents ner 100. ; PHIENIX DACTYLIFERA Linn.
The well known date palm: of northern Africa and Arabia, is often planted for quick -tropical effect in Southern Califor- nia, where space permits its luxuriant growth. On the Colorado Desert and in Arizona this palm has been planted more extensively, with a. promise of becoming of commercial importance for its fruit. PHOENIX RECLINATA Jacq.
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CACTI.
Having purchased Mr. E. J. Buell’s cactus garden, and nearly the whole of Mr. A. H. Alverson’s stock of cacti and
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EXCHANGES.
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Established 1884,
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I August, Ig02. 2
CACTACEAE.
Many people who have been acquaint- ed only with the prickly pear and the cholla cactus of the plains—perhaps to the detriment of their epidermis, will be surprised to learn that over one thousand valid species exist, to which more than three thousand names have been applied by botanists and _ horti- culturists.
The following is a nearly complete list of known species, and a few syno- nyms are also given. Descriptions of all will be published eventually we hope, but this contains much never published, at least in English, and in this form will be usetul to many.
Tribe ECHINOCACTEAE.
Calyx tube produced beyond the ovary; stem covered with elongated tubercles or ribs, rarely leafy (except when young).
Karl Sehumann, in his monograph, rec-
ognizes 21 genera, including Cereus, Pilo- cereus, Cephalocereus, Phyilocactus, Epi- phyllum, Echinopsis, Echinocereus, Ech- inocactus, Me'’ocactus, and Leuchtenber- gia in this tribe, in the order named, making a separate tribe for Mammillaria, Pelecyphora, and Ariocarpus. Pilocereus, Cephalocereus, Echinopsis, and Echino- cereus are better kept as sections of Cereus; Epiphyllum as a section of Phyl- locactus; Ariocarpus (Anhalonium) as a section of Mammillar’a’ His other gen- era are divided into 3 tribes, Rhipsalidcae, of 3 genera—Pfeiffera, Hariota and Rhip- salis (best treated as one); Opuntieae, of 3 genera—Opuntia, Ncpalea and Pterocac-
tus (the 2 latter of doubtful value); and Peireskieae, including Peireskia and Mai- huenia.
Genus ANHALONIUM Lemaire.
A. AREOLOSUM Lem. A. ASELLIFORME Web.
A. elongatum §, is prismaticum. A. fissipedum Mony, is sulecatum.
ANHALONIUM FISSURATUM E. Anhalonium Engelmanni Lemaire Cact
42 (1868).
Living Rock, found in Texas and Mex‘co.
“Upper and exposed part of tubercle trian-
gular in outline, convex, carinate and almost
smooth below, convex and variously fissured
and thereby verrucose above, sharp and cre-
nate on the edges.’’—Engelmann.
A. furfuraceum Wat, is prismaticum.
A: jsurdanianum Reb, is Ech‘nocactus Wiliamsii.
A. kotschoubeyanum Lem, is suleatum.
A. Lewinii Hennings, is Echisoca-tus Williamsii.
A. PRISMATICUM Lem.
Smple, top flatte-ed or depressed, more .arely hemisphaerical, center dense- ly tumeniose, 4-8 inches in diameter, 1-2 (rarely 4) inches above ground, the large root 4-6 inches below the surface witn few coarse !.brous rcots; tubercles tri- ang: lar, acute with a cartilaginous tip, or obtuse, often ending in a minute de- pr°ssio or tomentose areola, Spineless, the keel often with a strong shou der, 1-3 inches .ong, often as wide, axils with long dense wool, tpper surface snooh or often more or less roughened: tower's white’ to rose, 1 inch long, sepals brown-
ish; frvite clavate, scarlet . how-.ee the Indians, or peyote (a name more cor monl resiricted to Echi ocact is
Wiliams i). The minute areolae are sometimes placed on the upper su: face of the tubercles near the end ,or often ab- sent. San Luis Potosi (Orcutt 2807), where numerous specimens exi bt all the variations necessary to connect sev- eral alleged species. The type of Wat- son’s Mammillaria fvrfuracea was col- lected at Carneros Pass, Ccahuilla (Prin- gle 2580). : A. pulvilligerum I.em, is prismaticum. A. retusum S&S. is prismaticum. ANHALONIUM RUNGEIT Hildm.
Sandy loam, in the foot of high moun- tains, Coahuila (C. Runge). A. SULCATUM S. A. TRIGONUM Web. A. turbinofirme Web.
A. williamsii F, is Echinocactus Willi- amsii Lem.
Genus APOROCACTUS Lemaire.
A. Baumannii Lem, is Cereus Bauman- nii Lem fide KS. A. co’ukbrnus' Lem,
mannii fide KS. A. flagelliform’s Lem, is Cereus flagelli- formis Mill fide KS.
is Cereus Bau-
3 Cacti.—Orcutt. 4
ARIOCARPUS Scheidw.
Karl Schumann revives this name in his publications, but we prefer to retain the name Anhalontm, which has been in universal use, among botanists and horticuiturists alike, for more than fifty years.
A. aselliformis Web, is Anhalonium asel-
1 forme A. fissuratus KS, is Anha'‘onium fissur-
atum.
A. Kctschubeyarus KS. sulcatum.
A, retusus Scheidw, is Anhalonium pris- maticum lem.
A. suleatus KS, is Anhalonium sulcatum.
A. tr'gonus KS, is Anthalonium trigonum
A. Williamsii Voss, is Echinocactus Wil- liamsii.
Genus
is Anhalonium
Genus ASTROPHYTUM Lemaire.
A. asterias em Cact 50, based on Echin- ocactus asterias.
A. capricorne Hort, based on Echinocac- tus capricornis.
ASTROPHYTUM MYRIOSTIGMA Lem.
The Bishop’s Hood; an odd and beauti- ful spineless plant from Mexico, resem- bling a piece of carved stone.
A. prismaticum Lem. Cact 50, error for myriostigma.
CACTUS ALTERNATUS Coulter.
“Subg.obose, 10 cm. in diameter, -simple: tubercles long (15-20 mm) and spreading, with woolly axils: radial spines 3, rigid and| recurved, 5 mm long; central spines 3, very stout and much recurved, 20-30 mm long, alternating with the radials; all ashy colored and often twisted: flower and fruit unknown: Type, in Herb. Coul- ter. San Luis Potosi (Eschauzier of 1891).’,—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3:95 CACTUS BRUNNEUS Coulter.
“Obovate-cylindrical, 3 by 6 em, simple. tubercles ovate, grooved to the base, 5-6 mm long, with woolly axils: radial spines 11-15, spreading, rather rigid and brown-
ish (lighter with age), 8-i0 mm long; cen- tral spine much larger, 20 mm long, hooked: fiower and fruit unkneown. Type in Herb. Coulter. San Luis Potosi (Hs- chauzier of 18£1).’,"—Coulter Cont U S Nat Eli S217.
CACTUS DENSISPINUS Coulter.
“Globose, 7.5 cm in diameter, simple: tubercles short, with woolly axiis: radia. spines about 25, erect-spreading, slende. but rigid, yellow (brownish to black with age), unequal, &8-l0 mm long; centra spines 6, a little longer (10-12 mm) and straight, more rigid and darker, black tipped: seeds obovate, reddish-brown, ~ mm long. Type in Herb. Coulter. Sar. Luis Potosi (Eschauzier of 1891). Very easily distinguished by its dense, erecr spines, which so completely cover the plant as to give it the appearance of a large chestnut burr.’’—Coulter Cont U §& Nat Hb 3:96-97.
Mammillaria castanoides, M. Wegner: M. densispina, and M. fuscata, are prob ably all identical with this species. CACTUS ESCHAUZIERI Coulter.
“Depressed-globose, 3 cm in diameter, simple: tukercles broader at base, 6-8 mm long, with naked axis: spines all pubes- cent; radials 15-20, with dusky tips, the lateral 10-12 mm long, the lower weake.. shorter and curved, the upper shorter, solitary central spine reddish, slende:, somewhat twisted, usually hooked up- wards, 15-20 mm long: flowers red (?): fruit reddish (?), ovate, about 10 mmr long: seeds reddish, oblique-obovate, 1.2 mm long, pitted, with subventral hilum. Type in Herb. Coulter. San Luis Potos. (Eschauzier of 1891)."-—Coulter Cont U & Nat Hb 3:104.
CACTUS MACULATUS Coulter.
cm, simple: t
“Obovate-cylindrical, 6 by 8 em, some- what cespitose: tuberc'es ovate, terete, 10 mm long, grooved to the base, with na- Ked axils: radial spines 10 or 11, straight and spreading, rigid, blackish (becoming ashy with age), black-tipped, 12 mm long: central spine large, more or less spotted. erect, 25-35 mm long: flower 13 mm long, pinkish: fruit unknown. Type in Herb. Coulter, San Luis Potosi (Eschauzier of 1891).",—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3:117.
CACTUS PRINGLEI Coulter.
“Globose (?), 5 em in diameter: tuber cles short-conical, about 6 mm long, with very woolly axils: radial spines 18-20, se taceous-bristly and radiant, 5-8 mm long, central spines 5-7 (usually 6), stout ana horny, more or less recurved, spreading 20-25 mm long; all straw-colored. but the centrals darker: flowers deep red (dark er, even brownish outside), 8-10 mm long: fruit unknown. Type, Pringle of 1891 1a Herb. Gray.’’—Coulter, Cont U S Nat Hb 3:109.
Genus CEPHALOCERUS Pfeiffer.
Cc. CHRYSOMALLUS KS.
Erect, branching like a candelabra, 10-15 feet high ,stems 3-6 inches in diameter;
JIT SIUWIDNONVIUL SOHYHOD wmyresuq SNALNVDID SOAUAD
yser0urad *{ "mM Aq ‘f6gr ‘yy A#1aAdo>r : — ~~
Copyright, 1894, by W. J. Demorest
ECHINOCACTUS GRUSONII Hildm.
Ss iS
Copyright, 1804, by W. J. Derorest
CEREUS MARGINATUS DC.
7 Cacti.—Orcutt. 8
young plants with 17 obtuse ribs and deep intervals, 12-13 ribs in older plants and more obtuse, areolae %.inch apart; 1U-12 radial spines, slender. straw-co ored, centrals 4-5, the lower cne the longest, the upper portion of the older or florifer- ous stems supplied with numerous ciliary white spines, espe7ially abundant on the side where the ficwers are piojuced: flow- er 2 inches across, 4 inecnes long (includ- ing the ovary); about 25 long narrow scales on ovary with 6-12 fine white hairs 1%-1 inch long in the ax'ls, ovary apple green etals about :0,8-!0 mm bkroal, nearly 20 long, acute, white; sepals equally numerous, brownish white; style 2% inches long, whitish, nearly equalling the petals: fi:aments white, anthers an eighth inch long and pale yellow. Flower deeply embedded in a mass of persistent hairs an inch long and of a snowy white —tinged with yellow occasionally at the tips. Fruit rearly elovular, 1% inches long. dull purrle w'th a bluish bloom; remains of flower persistent; the minute scales and hairs abundant or nearly ab- sent; cuter skin 4 inch thick. dull purple, the edible pulp tright m-ge2nta. rather insipid, sweetish. seeas |} lack. Vieia, or Olt Woman cactus of the Mexicans. States of Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico (Orcutt 26/9, 2679).
C. COLUMNA-TRAJANI KS.
Erect, 15-20 feet) high, 2-3 short branch- es slightly divergent from the main stem a few feet from the ground: 5-7 radial sp’nes one-fourth to three-fourths inch long. 1 central %-2 inches long, rarely a shor‘er central or ralial above; radials laterally disposed except the !owest, all ashy black. Ribs 11-13 in young plants, obtuse with shallow intervals. Te-te-cho of the Mexicans, who describe the fruit as sweet ard edible, the flower as red. States of Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico (Oreutt 2706).
Cc. Hoppenstedtii KS, is Pilocerus Hop- penstedtii Web fide KS.
Cc. MACROCEPHALUS Web.
C. MELOCACTUS KS.
C. SENILIS Pf.
Genus CEREUS Haworth.
“Flowers about as long as wide or elon- gated. Scales of the ovary distinct, with naked or woolly axils, or almost obso’ete and the axils spiny. Berry succulent, covered with spines or scales or almost naked. Seeds black, without albumen. Embryo short and straight or curved or hocked; coty edons usually contrary to the sides of the seed.—Plants of all sizes, low or climbing or erect, sometimes enor- mous; spine-bearing areo'ae on vertical ribs. Flowers from the older or, at least, fully formed parts ef the plant, not from
any preformed areo'ta, but bursting through the epidermis just above the
bunches of spines; some cpen only in sun- light, others only at night, others again are not thus influenced. Fruit often edi- ble, sometimes of very large size.’’—E.
Subzgenus EUCEREUS. , “Prismatic or evlindric, mostly branching: flowers usu- ally longer than wide: stigmas whitish: seeds obovate, usually smooth or pitted:
emb:yo with folacesus curved
co_yle- dons.’’—E.
CEREUS COLUBRINUS Otto.
CEREUS ACULEATUS Otto. CEREUS ALAMOSENSIS Coulter.
Sina spinosa of Sonora; 2-8 feet high, 2- 10 branches from the base with joints 1-4 feet long, flexuous or decumbent, often forming arches and rooting at the joints, and thus spreading over wide areas, some- times 100 feet in diameter or more; ribs about 7, slightly tuberculated. The bright
9 Cacti.—Orcutt.
red flowers slightly resemble those of C. flagelliformis.
CEREUS AMBLYCGONUS G. Don. CEREUS AMECAENSIS Heese. CEREUS ANDALGALENSIS Weh. CEREUS AREOLATUS Mueh.
Andes, South America.
CEREUS ARMATUS Otto. CEREUS ASSURGENS Gris.
West Indies. ° CEREUS AUREUS KS.
CEREUS AZUREUS Parm. CEREUS BARBATUS Otto. CEREUS BAUMANNII Lem.
Paraguay Republic, South America.
Variety COLUBRINA KS. Variety FLAVISPINA KS. Variety SMARAGDFLORA Web. CEREUS BAXANIENSIS Karw.
Mexico.
CEREUS BENECKII Eh.
Aborescent and branching after the habit of Cereus geometrizans, 6-7 ribbed; areclae %4 inch apart, woolly, bearing § radial spines % inch or less long, and 1 central 1-3 inches long, curved upward, all ash colored; fruit globose, % inch in diameter, dull purple; remains of flower usually deciduous leaving a large ash- colored sear; seeds large, 26-8) in each berry. Tne be-ta-zo-vo of the Indians. In aspect of plant and fruit this closely resembles the garambulio (Cereus geo0- meitrizans). Near Oaxaca, Mexico (Or- eutt 2709).
CEREUS BERTINII L’Her.
Paraguay Republic, South America. CEREUS BLANKII Pos.
CEREUS BOECKMANNII Otto.
West Indies.
CEREUS BONARIENSIS Sw. CEREUS BONPLANDTI Parm. .
Paraguay Republic, South America. CEREUS BRACHIATUS Gal.
Tehnuacan, Puebla, Mexico.
Cereus bradtianus C, is Opuntia cerei- formis Web fide KS.
CEREUS BRANDII H Angel. CEREUS BRIDGESII S. Bolivia, South America. CEREUS CAESIUS Otto. CEREUS CANDELARIUS Hort. CEREUS CANDICANS Gill. Argentine Republic. CEREUS CAVENDISHII Mony. CEREUS CHALYBAEHUS Otto. Argentine Republic. CEREUS CHILENSUS Colla. Chile, South America. CEREUS CHIOTILLIA. Web. Arborescent, 20 feet high, branching freely a foot or so above the ground, the older branches 6 inches in diameter, the tips of the branches 2% inches in diame- ter with densely woolly ovate or shield- shaped areolae, bearing the terminal
1fe)
CERHUS DASYACANTHUS Engelm.
flowers and fruit. The tree often of an umbrella shave, or the _ interlocking branches curving or twist ng in any other than a symmetrical manrer. Ribs 6-3, acute, with sharp intervals; areolae 4 inch across, % inch long, nearly or quite contiguous; 1 stout, terete, ashy, central spine 44-2 inches long or less—often 2 or 3 short centrals above % inch long, erect; radials about 12, 4 inch long, curved in- ward, all but the lowest laterally dis- posed, spines all nearly white when young. Called ‘tiotilla’ by the Indians. who gather quantities of the fruit for the
markets of Tehuacan in June for 1 cent.
Fruit 1% inch diameter, slightly longer, remains of the flower persistent; color dull dark red, with 25-30 thin semi-trans- parent triangular scales—the base and sides equal—about three-eighths of an inch; pulp dark purple, with numerous black seeds. State of Oaxaca, Mexico (Orcutt 2648, 2666). Flower 1% inches across, bright lemon yellow (27 Je 1902).
CEREUS CLAVIFORMIS R-K.
CEREUS COERULESCENS S&. Argentine Republic.
‘CEREUS COLUBRINUS Otto.
An erect-growing Cuban plant, night- blooming, the fragrant white flowers 6 imches across.
CEREUS COLUMNARIS Lodd. CEREUS COMETES Scheidu. CEREUS CONCINNUS Hee.
CEREUS ENNEACANTHUS Engelm.
CEREUS COQUIMBANUS KS. Chile, South America.
CEREUS CORYNE Otto. Argentine Republic. CEREUS COSSIRENSIS Tineo. CEREUS CRENATUS Lab. Cereus Cumengei Web, is Summosus. CEREUS CURVISPINUS Bert. CEREUS DAMARCARO Hee. CEREUS DECORUS Lodd. CEREUS DONKELAERI S. CEREUS DUMORTIERI S. Mexico. CEREUS DUSSII KS. Guadeloupe Island, West Indies.
CEREUS EBURNEUS 5S. Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico.
CEREUS EMORYI E.
San Diego’s Velvet Cactus. This is one of the best-known of California cacti, the slender, thickly-set yellowish spines giving it a@ peculiarly beautiful appearance. The spines on the young joints are shorter, soft and flexu- ous; the flowers are yellowish, followed by 4 small edible fruit.
CEREUS ERUCA Brandegee. “Prostrate, very rarely branched, 13- ribbed, 3-4 feet long, 3-4 inches in diam-
ter: rooting from the under side of the older growth, decaying at one end and
growing forward at the other, generally in patches of 20-30, probably originating from a common center; areolae 4-6 mm in diameter, separated about the same dis- tance; spines about 20, stout, ash-colored, less than an inch long, the exterior cylin- drical, the interior stouter, angular, some- what and the lower central one much flat-
Cacti.—Orcutt.
I2
tened, more than an inch long, angular, strongly reflexed. Common on the sand of Magdalena island and about San Jorge, Baja California. Its local name is ‘chil- enola.” The manner of growth, with up- lifted heads and prominent reflexed spines, gives the plants a resemblance to huge caterpillars.”—Brandegee, Cal ac pr Sr 2, 2:loa, t 7.
CEREUS EUCHLORUS Web.
Brazil, South America.
CEREUS EUPHORBIOIDES Haw. Brazil, South America.
CEREUS EXTENSUS S&.
CEREUS FASCICULARIS Meyen. Peru, South America.
CEREUS FLAGELLIFORMIS Haworth. The well-known whip-cord or Rat’s-tail Cac~- tus, so useful in hanging baskets or for graft- ing on columnar species; the bright rose-col- ored flowers are extremely attractive.
Variety LEPTOPHIS KS.
CERBUS FORBESII Otte. Argentine Republic.
CEREUS FUNKII KS. CEREUS GEMMATUS
CEREUS GHIESBREGHTII KS. Mexico. CEREUS GLAUCESCENS Tweed.
CEREUS GLAZIOVIL KS. Brazil, South America.
CEREUS GLYCIMORPHUS Orcutt. Echinocereus glycimorphous Foerst.
CEREUS GRANDIFLORUS Haworth. Miller, Gard Dictionary, ed, n 11. ‘‘The night-flowering cereus has gained a fame which entitles it to prominent notice, and plants might well be included in every garden, for its flowering is a source of interest to the least observant persons.’’—Castle. CEREUS GRANDIS Haw.
CEREUS GREGGII Engelm.
Grege’s night blooming cactus occurs in the arid regions of Southern Ari- zona, New Mexico, Texas, Chihuahua and Sonora, and is notable for its large tuberous root and slender inconspic- uous stems, 1 to 3 or 4 feet high, a half inch in diameter. Flower 6 inches long, 2 inches in diameter, with pale, purple petals, followed by the smooth, oval, acuminate, scarlet fruit, succulent, crowned with the remains of the cor- olla, and suported by a distinct stipe of a bright crimson.
CEREUS GUMMOSUS Engelm.
The pitahaya agria, or cord-wood eactus, of Lower California, is noted for its large, bright, scarlet fruit, pos- sessing a delicious flavor, pleasantly
13
acid, like a strawberry, the pulp the eolor of a ripe watermelon, with the small black: seeds scattered throughout. The flowers are 4 to’5 inches long, pur- ple, and quite handsome. The stems are 4 to 10 feet high, 3 to’5 inches im diameter, armed with stout angular, bldckish spines.
CEREUS HAAGEANUS S. CEREUS HAMATUS Scheidw.-
Near Orizaba, Mexico.
CEREUS HANKEANUS Web. CEREUS HETERACANTHUS Tweed CEREUS HILDMANNIANUDUS KS.
State of Kio: de Janeiro, Brazih CEREUS HIRSCHTIANUS KS. CEREUS HOLLIAD US Weber.
“Pyarening from base. 4.5 m high anid stout, dark-green; ribs 10-12, acute, ofters oblique, with areolae 2-3 cm ayart: ra ial spires about 12, irregular, 1-1.5 «m long; centrals 3, the lower one 5-10 cm long and. def exed; flowers near the summit, white, 1) cm long; fruit ‘as large as a goose egg’, dark purplisH-red, bear-ng wool and spines. Type Weber specimens in hb Mo bot gard. Commo abcut Tehuacan, Pue- bia. Important for its wood, which forms long, straight rods used for poles in hedig- ¢s and vineyards.’—Coulter, Cont Na hb 3:411.
CEREUS HORIZONTALIS Gill- CEREUS HUASCHA Web.
Areentine Republic.
CEREUS HYLACANTHUS KS.
Argentine Republic CEREUS HYPAGAEUS Web.
CEREUS INERMIS P DC.
Near La Guayrd,, Venezuela. CEREUS INVERSUS Otto. CEREUS ITRRADIANS Lem. CEREUS ISOGONUS) KS.
Andes, South Amefica.
CEREUS JACQUINII Rebut. t CEREUS JAMACARW P DC-
Brezil, South America.
CEREUS JUSBERTII Rebut. CEREUS KARSTENII 8. CHREUS KARWINSKIE Hge. CEREUS KERBII KS.
Colima, Mexico.
CEREUS LAMPROCHLORUS Lem,
Argentine Republce.
CEREUS LANCEANUS Hort. CEREUS LANICEPS KS.
Bolivia, South America. CEREUS LEMATREI Hook.
West Indies.
CUREVE LEPIDOTUS §S
Near La Guayra,, Venezuela.
CEREUS LEPTACANTHUS 6&8. CEREUS LINDBERGIANUS Web.
Paraguay Republic, South America. CEREUS LINDMANNII Web.
Paraguay Republic, South America.
Gacti.—Orcutt: Al
CEREUS PECTINATUS Engelm,
CEREUS. LINKI3 Hort.
CEREUS LONGIFOLIUS Karw. CEREUS LORMATUS Grus. ©&REUS MACDONALDIAE Hook CERBUS MACROGONUS S&.
State of Kio de Janeiro, Brazil. CEREUS MALLETIANUS Cels. CEREUS MALEISONI Hort.
CEREUS MARTIANUS Zucc. CEREUS MARTINII Lab.
CEREUS MAYNARDII Paxt- CEREUS MELANURUS KS.
Brazil, South America.
CEREUS MICRACANTHUS P DC. CEREUS MONVILLEANUS Web. CEREUS MULTANGULARIS Haw.
Andes, South America, probably Perw- CEREUS MULTIPLEX Hort. CEREUS NAPOLEONIS R. Graham
West Indies. } Cereus Nickelsi Hort,
columna-trajani. CEREUS NYCTICALUS Link. CEREUS OBTUSANGULUS KS.
State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. CEREUS OCAMPONIS S.
_ Climbing over trees, fences or ho : jonts 3-tocommonly 4-sided, 1 or. Ztoeeeat long, young growth even ¢-ribbed: areolae 1-149 inches apart, tomentose, commonly 7 rajias and 1 central spines; radials rarely over 1 mm ,central rarely 6 mm fong, stout, straight or slightly curved.
is Cephafocereus
WRN SNVZIYZLANOWD SNHYHO
ysorousg *f "A Aq ‘t6gr “uAlAdoa
S
oe tate eye eee esta ae
Copyright, 1894, by W. J. Demorest.
Copyright, 1894, by W. J. Demorest.
CEREUS SARGENTIANUS Orcutt. CEREUS SPNILIS Salm-Dyck.
7
Stems dark green, 3 inches thick, the ribs
scaicely an eighth ineh thick, strongly ‘crenuiate, bearing the arecla> at the -Stmmit. Flower whit:, style 7 inches
long; stigmata 14, s.ender, white, nea:ily % inch ;ong; ovary elob se, an ‘n-h in diameter, covered ‘ ith about 0 tuberce; surmounted with minute scales (the to- mentose axils commonly bear-ng 2 wh'te spines); tube of co ola 5 i ‘thes lo g, bearing -56 or m-r- similar scales with tomentose and spiny axils; filam nts) and large anthers appa.ently white (i dre} flower), retals narrow, acuminate, 1% inches long, extend ng three-fourths inch heyond the filaments. Nopale, or Nova-
lita de Cruz, of the Ind'‘ans; 15-20 fest high; cultivated in gerdens for its fruit (?). States cf Puebla and Oaxaca, Mex-
ico (Oreutt 2709). ‘CEREUS PAFILLOSUS A. Lke. ‘CEREUS PARVIFLORUS KS. Bolivia, South America. CEREUS PARVISETUS Otto. ‘CEREUS PASACANA Web. Argentine Republic. CEREUS PAUCISPINUS E. CEREUS PAXTONIANUS Monv. CEREUS PERUVIANUS Mill. Peru, South America. Variety MONSTRUOSA P DC. CEREUS, PITAHAYA P DC. Brazil, South America. CEREUS PLATYGONUS Otto. CEREUS POLYRHIZUS Web. CEREUS POMANENSIS Web. Argentine Republic. CEREUS PTEROGONUS Lem. CEREDS PULCHELLUS Pf. CEREUS QUADRICOSTATUS Bello. West Indies. CPREUS QUERETARENSIS Weber. “Tree-like, much branched, 6-8 m high; flowers 10-12 em long; ovary covered with ‘triangular fleshy scales which arise from a tubercle and bear axillary wool and spines; fruit densely covered with bunch- es of dark-yellowish or brownish spines bulbous at base. Type, Weber specimens in hb Mo bot gard. In the vicinity of Que- retaro, Mexico, and cultivated along road- sides and fence rows.’’—Coulter, Cont Na
hb 3:410.
CEREUS REPANDUS Haw.
CEREUS RIGIDISPINUS Monv.
Probably from the Andes (not Mexico,
fide KS).
CEREUS RUFERI Hee.
CEREUS RUSSELLIANUS Forb.
CEREUS SALM-DYCKIANUS Web.
CEREUS SAXICOLA Morong.
CEREUS SCHOMBURGKII Otto.
CEREUS SEPIUM P DC.
CEREUS SERPENTINUS P DC. Mexico.
CEREUS SETACEUS S§.
Brazil, South America. Cereus simonii Hilldm, sis C.
is C. alamcsen-
Cacti:-—Orcutt.
18
OLD MAN CACTUS.
Cereus sororimsis alamo-
sensis C.
CEREUS .SPACHIANUS Lem.
Argent*‘ne Republ ec ‘CEREUS SPECIOSSIMUS DC. CEREUS SPECIOSUS KS.
Variety COCCINEA KS. CEREUS SPINULOSUS P DG.
Mexico.
CEREUS SPLENDIDUS Paxt. CEREUS STELLATUS Pf. CEREUS STELLIGER Ctto. CEREUS STOLONIFER Web. CEREUS STRIATUS Brandegee.
Cereus digueti Weber, Mu d’hist nat,b, 1895, 319.
Apparently not rare in saline soil near Batamotal, Sonora, where it is known by the name sa-ra-ma-tra-ca; the tubers ‘are produced abundantly like small potatoes. CEREUS STRIGOSUS Gill.
Argentine Republic.
CEREUS SUBFLAVISPINUS Otto. CEREUS SUBINERMIS Hem. CEREUS SUBINTORTUS Otto. CEREUS TENUISSIMUS G. Don. CEREUS TEPHRACANTHUS Lab.
Bolivia, South America.
CEREUS TETAZO Weber.
“Stout, branching, 10-15 m high; flowers greenish-white, 6 cm long, in clusters of 10-20 from the youngest areolae and with- out any wool; fruit irregularly dehiscent, exposing the ripe pulp. Type, Weber spe- cimens in hb Mo bot gard. Zapatalan, Ja+ lisco.’’-—Coulter, Cont Na hb 3:409. CEREUS TETRAGONUS Haw. CEREUS TORTUOSUS Forb.
Argentine Republic.
Runge, is C.
Ig
CEREUS TRIGONUS Haw.
West Indies. CEREUS TRINITATENSIS Lem. CEREUS TUBEROSUS Pos. CEREUS UNDULATUS H. Dresd. CEREUS VERSCHAFFELTII Hge. CEAEUS VIRENS P DC.
Subgenus LEPIDOCEREUS FE. Tall cyl..aricai branching piants with the fio- riterous and sieril arejiae bearing simi- ar spies; flower tube short, stigmas white, embryo curved.
Cereus bavesus Web.
Erect, rarcly Lranching, 8-12 or more stems 1rom the same root, 10 or more feet higii, 4 inches in diamete.; 1ibs 9, s.izhtly obtuse wi.h sharply «aefined intzivals; areolae an inch apart on ihe - Ider -tems: iadial spines 15, 4-\% inch long, the lower ones the longer, on the olu srowt. ai st ut and absut &% i.ch long; cential spines 4-6, the upper one-eighth inch 1lo.ug ur more, the lowest citen 3 inches long, -efl xed, twisted, flattened or carinate. Flower 2 inches across, including the ovary, 4 iuchcs iong; petals white, obtuse, 1% ‘nches long, the ‘6 siigmata, style and anthers pale yellow, filaments white; style 2 inches long. Fruit said to be red, 4 inches long, with black seeds; immature frvit with atout 120 woolly areolae with capillary spines in the axils of obsolete se les or tuber les. ttate of Pueb'a, Mexico (Oreutt 2625). Called ‘cardon’ by the Indians, perhaps erroneously.
CEREUS CANDELABRUM Web. Aborescent, 25 feet high, trunk 1-2 fest in Ciamet«r, branchng freely 3-5 feet from the ground, producing often 40 erect growing stems in candelabra fo:m shad- ing an area greater in diameter than the height of the tree. Branches a foot in di- ameter, 9-10 obtuse ribs with areolae 134 inch apart, when young, and densely tomentose at the hase of spines; the older areolae but slightly tomentose, the bases of the spines often in close contact; spines ashy, bulbous at base, flattened or angular. Strong; the central 2 inches lorg 7-9 radials, usually 3 laterally dis- posed on each side and one below the cen- tral. and more rarely 1-2 shorter radials above; spnes mostly decid'o0-s on the trunk and older branches, the persistent areolae often enormously enlarged to a height and diameter of 1-2 inches with 10-20 formidable subulate spines, the longest 3 inches or more Jong. Flower white, much resembling that of C. Pring- lei: fruit ripens in the middle of May, avll red. 3 inches Jong, 2 and' 2% in greater and lesser diameter, pulp nurplish, swect, edihle, but valved less than the nitalla and other cactus fruits. About 30 triangu- lar seales, hearirg in the ax‘ls densely woolly areolae with 35 or more slender, bristly. straight. white spines 4-% inch jong, form the armament of the fruit— the spiny areolae easily detached (or de- eiduous?) at maturity. Fruit said to be used in making a rleasant drink and the seeds also utilized. The erect growth of the numerous branches and the bricht slaucous color renders th’s giant cactus everywhere conspicuous. State of Oax-
Cacti.—Orcutt-
2
aca, Mexico (Orcutt 2673). Known to the Indians as the ‘cardon’.
CEREUS ORCUTTII K Br.
“stems erect, pranching,. bright green, reaching a hight of » m and a aiameter or i5 cm, with hard wooay center; ribs 1n-18, about 1 cm high; arediae round. about 6 mm in dia meter and about haif. that distanee apart, aensely covered witn short, light gray wvol; spines ali siender, S.reaaing, yellow sh brown, irregularly o-Seriate; radials 12-20, about 12 mm iong, Ceficient above; intermediates about lv. one-third to more than twice ionger, less, spreading, one of the upper spines of this row usually stouter and darker, porrect, often reaching a length o fi cm; centrals about 5, porrect-spreading a littie longer than the intermeuiates; 110wers greenish brown, darker outside. diurnal, about 4 em entire length; petals short apiculate; Ovary densely covered with short scales, almost completely concealed by thick. rounded tufts of yellowish wool, in which are embedded dark brown bristles 4-6 mm lcng; stam<ns lining the upper half of the tube; style ti-s acute: frvit not known.’’—Katharine Brandegee, Zoe, 5:2 (je 1600).
Near Rosario, Baja California. Dense- ly ecvered with bright yellowish brown spines; fruit the ‘size of an cra ge’; ealled pitalla dulee.
CEREUS PRINGLEI S. Watson.
The Cardon is the giant cactus of Lower California and Sonora, where it forms forests, attaining a height of 20 to 35 feet. The ribs are usually 13, and it differs from the giant cactus of Ari- zona (Cereus giganteus) in that the spine bearing areolae on the ribs are connected by wooly grooves. The trunk is often 3 to 4 feet in diameter: the older portions of the branches usually quite thornless. The dead wood is used for fuel, but otherwise this mammoth
production of the desert seems to be without use.
CEREUS THURBERI Engelm.
The Pitahaya Duke is an abundant species in Sonora and portions of Lower California, also said to occur in southern Arizona. It grows from 5 to 20 feet high, many stems 6 to 10 inches in diameter from the same base, oearing greenish or reddish white white flowers followed by large luscious fruit, rather too sweet it is said for northern palates. It was named in honor of George Thurber, a widely re- nowned botanist.
Subgenus PILOCEREUS E. “Tall, cyl- indric, mostly unbranched; upper fiower- bearing portion with more crowded areo- lae and longer, denser, thinner bristles or hairy spines: flowers short: seeds as in Eucereus.’’—F.
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