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WESTERN BIRDS
Volume 10, Number 4, 1979
THIRD REPORT OF THE
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS COMMITTEE
JOHN S. LUTHER. College of Alameda, 555 Atlantic Avenue, Alameda, California
94501
GUY McCASKIE. 954 Grove Street, Imperial Beach, California 92032
JON DUNN, 17437 Rancho Street, Encino, California 91316
The California Bird Records Committee is moving with en-
thusiasm and dedication. Records reviewed by the committee
through 1974 were reported by Winter (West. Birds 4:101-106,
1973) and Winter and McCaskie (West. Birds 6:135-144, 1975).
The number of reports submitted has been increasing the last 2
years. Continue to be patient and helpful as you make the committee
a success by your participation. We need your detailed observations
and photographs of the species presently on the review list.
The last 2 years have seen numerous changes in the committee.
Jon Winter retired as secretary after many years organizing and
developing the committee. John Luther is your new secretary.
Bylaws have been drafted, debated, approved and published (West.
Birds 8:161-165, 1977) by the committee in the hope that you will
better understand our operations. The major change is a rotating
system for committee members, with no person serving on the com-
mittee for more than 6 consecutive years. Present members are
David DeSante, Jon Dunn, Richard Erickson, Kimball Garrett, Lee
Jones, Paul Lehman, John Luther (Secretary), Benjamin D.
Parmeter, Arnold Small and Philip (Jnitt. Laurence C. Binford,
Eugene A. Cardiff, Ted Chandik, Alan Craig, Pierre Devillers, Clif-
ford Lyons, Guy McCaskie, Richard Stallcup, G. Shumway Suffel
and Jon Winter are to be thanked and commended for firmly
establishing the committee by their years of dedicated service as it
was developing.
Some of the species included in this report are no longer being
reviewed by this committee. Because these reports were received
Western Birds 10: 169-187, 1979 169
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
before the revised list was published, the committee reviewed them.
The list of species the committee presently considers is shown below.
In addition, the committee reviews all species that would be new to
California.
Yellow-billed Loon. Least Grebe. Wandering Albatross, Short-tailed Albatross.
Layson Albatross. Streaked Shearwater. Scaled Petrel. Galapagos Storm-Petrel.
Wilson's Storm-Petrel. White-tailed Tropicbird. Masked (Blue-faced) Booby. Brown
Booby, Red-footed Booby. Olivaceous Cormorant. Reddish Egret. Yellow-crowned
Night Heron, White Ibis. Bewick's Swan, Trumpeter Swan, Emperor Goose. Black-
bellied Whistling-Duck, Baikal Teal. Garganey. Tufted Duck. King Eider, Mississippi
Kite. Zone-tailed Hawk. Harris' Hawk, Gyrfalcon, Sharp-tailed Grouse. Yellow Rail,
Purple Gallinule. American Oystercatcher. Piping Plover, Wilson's Plover. Dotterel.
European Jacksnipe. Upland Sandpiper. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper, White-rumped
Sandpiper, Rufous- necked Sandpiper, Curlew Sandpiper, Semipalmated Sandpiper,
Buff-breasted Sandpiper, Bar-tailed Godwit. Hudsonian Godwit. Ruff, Lesser Black-
backed Gull. Black-headed Gull, Little Gull, Thick-billed Murre, Parakeet Auklet,
Black-billed Cuckoo. Groove-billed Ani, Snowy Owl, Blue-throated Hummingbird,
Violet-crowned Hummingbird, Broad-billed Hummingbird, Red-headed
Woodpecker, Thick-billed Kingbird, Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, Great Crested Flycat-
cher, Olivaceous Flycatcher, Least Flycatcher, Coues’ Flycatcher, Eastern Wood
Pewee, Blue Jay. Gray Catbird, Curve-billed Thrasher, Rufous-backed Robin, Wood
Thrush, Gray-cheeked Thrush, Veery, Wheatear, White Wagtail, Red-throated Pipit,
Sprague's Pipit, White-eyed Vireo. Yellow-throated Vireo, Yellow-green Vireo,
Philadelphia Vireo, Prothonotary Warbler, Worm-eating Warbler, Golden-winged
Warbler, Blue-winged Warbler, Golden-cheeked Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, Yellow-
throated Warbler, Grace’s Warbler, Pine Warbler, Louisiana Waterthrush, Kentucky
Warbler, Connecticut Warbler, Mourning Warbler, Red-faced Warbler, Streak-backed
(Scarlet-headed) Oriole, Common Grackle, Scarlet Tanager, Pyrrhuloxia, Varied
Bunting, Painted Bunting, Black Rosy Finch, Common Redpoll, Baird’s Sparrow, Le
Conte’s Sparrow, Sharp-tailed Sparrow, Cassin’s Sparrow, Field Sparrow, Snow
Bunting.
The following records are presented in phylogenetic order
regardless of the year of observation or the year received by the com-
mittee. We believe this will aid the reader in reviewing records of par-
ticular species. Comments on the usefulness of such a sequence or
suggestions for a different reporting system would be appreciated.
The file number assigned to each record is given in parentheses. All
records are on file with the committee secretary and are available for
examination by interested persons. The initials of the observers who
submitted the record follow each accepted record. Only those
observers submitting written reports or photographs are indicated. If
the person or persons finding a bird submitted a report, their initials
are given first. Other observers submitting reports are indicated in
alphabetical order. In those few cases where no observer of the bird
submitted a report but another individual gathered the evidence and
reported it (such as the Wandering Albatross), the initials have an
asterisk (*)•
170
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
The comments following each species are those of the authors and
not the committee. For some species additional reports received by
the secretary, but not yet circulated through the committee, or
reports not submitted to the committee are mentioned in these com-
ments. These reports are noted simply as items of interest and do not
in any way reflect the feelings of the committee.
ACCEPTED RECORDS
YELLOW-BILLED LOON (Gauia adamsii) . One (53-1976) 25 Jan 1976 through at
least 13 Mar 1976, Berkeley Marina, Alameda Co. (JM. GMcC, DR, BS): photo on
file (Figure 1).
This individual reappeared on 17 Jul and was last seen on 2 Aug 1976. This species
is of annual occurrence along the central coast of California in winter. A review of all
records from California through Aug 1974 is in print (Remsen and Binford, West.
Birds 6:7-20, 1975).
WANDERING ALBATROSS (Diomedea exulans). One adult female (144-1977)
11-12 Jul 1967, Sea Ranch, Sonoma Co. (RP * ) ; photo on file
This is the only record for California and the North Pacific (Paxton, Auk
85:502-504, 1968).
Figure 1. Yellow-billed Loon (Gauia adamsii) (53-1976), 6 Mar 1976, Berkeley,
Alameda Co., California.
Photo by Bruce Sorrie
171
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
SHORT TAILED ALBATROSS (Diomedea albatrus) . One subadult (100-1978) 20
Apr 1978. about 50 mile WNW of Monterey Bay, Santa Cruz Co. (RCH. LAB)
(Helm, West, Birds, in press); photo on file.
The committee is reviewing an Aug 1977 observation made off the southern
California coast. The last sighting in California was in 1946 (Traylor, Condor 52:90,
1950).
SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATER ( Puffinus tenuirostris) . Three (55-1976) 17 Jan
1976, Monterey Bay, Monterey Co (GMcC, JM). Three to six (56-1976) 15 Feb
1976, Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (GMcC, DR). Five (48-1974) 2 Feb 1974,
Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (VR).
Recent intensified work off the coast of central California indicates that this species is
of regular occurrence in midwinter (Baltz and Morejohn, Auk 94:526-543. 1977) . It is
no longer on the review list.
STREAKED SHEARWATER ( Caionectris leucomelas) . One (93-1977) 9 Oct 1977,
Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (DR, JM, AS, SFB, KB, DP); photo on file. One
specimen (90-1978) 3 Oct 1975, Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (LCB*).
For discussions of these records see Roberson, Morlan and Small, Am. Birds
31:1097-1098. 1977. and Morejohn, Auk 95:420. 1978, respectively. These two
records are the first for California and North America.
WILSON'S STORM-PETREL ( Oceanites oceanicus). One (47-1976) 11 Oct 1976,
Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (RS).
What was probably this same bird was reported on Monterey Bay on 9 and 17 Oct
(Am. Birds 31:217, 1977) This species is now found annually among “rafting" Ashy
and Black storm-petrels congregating on Monterey Bay each fall. Individuals have
been found as early as 18 Aug and as late as 1 Nov, with most in early Oct.
MASKED (BLUE-FACED) BOOBY ( Suia dactylatra) . One adult (1-1977) 10 Jan
1977, SW of San Clemente Island, San Diego Co. (DL. , WBT).
This is the first record for California. The sighting was made during a regularly
scheduled standard transect under a United States Department of Interior, Bureau of
Land Management contract. For more information see Lewis and Tyler, West. Birds
9:175-176, 1978.
RED-FOOTED BOOBY ( Suia sula). One adult female (60-1976) 26 Aug 1975, SE
Farallon Island, San Francisco Co. (HH, TJL). One adult (61-1976) 12 Oct 1975, SE
Farallon Island, San Francisco Co. (JW).
These records represent the first and second for California (Huber, West. Birds, in
press) .
MAGNIFICENT FRIGATEBIRD (Fregata magnificens) . One adult male (28-1974) 10
Aug 1973, mouth of Santa Clara River, Ventura Co. (HK). Two immatures
(28-1974) 20 Aug 1973, Red Hill, Salton Sea, Imperial Co. (HK).
The year 1973 was relatively good for frigatebirds in California with 11 sightings
reported from along the coast north to Bodega Bay between 7 Jul and 14 Sep and 7
together at the north end of the Salton Sea on 25 Aug. This species is regular in
California (McCaskie, Calif. Birds 1:117-142, 1970) and is no longer on the review
list.
WHITE IBIS ( Eudocimus albus) . One adult (45-1976) 10-24 Jul 1976, mouth of
Whitewater River, Salton Sea, Riverside Co. (DR.RS).
What was probably this same individual was reported at the south end of the Salton
Sea on 5 Aug.
BEWICK’S SWAN ( Cygnus bewickii) , One adult (3-1975) 13-24 Jan 1975, Hog
Lake, Tehema Co. (VR, RS).
Three immatures apparently accompanying this bird were either Bewick’s Swans or
Bewick’s Swan x Whistling Swan hybrids. The American Ornithologists’ Union
(Check-list of North American birds, 1957) treats the Whistling Swan (Cygnus colum-
bianus) as a distinct species from the Bewick’s Swan, making no revisions in either the
172
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
32nd Supplement (Auk 90:411-419,1973) or the 33rd Supplement (Auk
93:875-879, 1976). However, the two forms are treated as one species, the Tundra
Swan (Cygnus columbianus) , in two recent major publications (Palmer, Handbook of
North American birds, Vol. 2, part 1, 1976 and Cramp, The birds of the western
Palearctic, Vol. 1, 1977). This represents the first record of this swan in California.
BRANT ( Branta bernicla hrota) . One (3-1974) 27 Nov 1973-8 Jan 1974, Malibu
Lagoon, Los Angeles Co. (JD). One (4-1976) 13 Dec 1975-10 Jan 1976, San Diego
Bay, San Diego Co. (VR).
One or two “white-bellied" Brant are found along the coast of California every year.
They normally associate with the numerous “Black Brant" ( B.b . nigricans). Reports of
this distinct form are no longer being reviewed by the committee. The American Or-
nithologists’ Union (Auk 93:875-879, 1976) now considers all forms of the Brant as
one species, Branta bernicla.
BLACK-BELLIED WHISTLING-DUCK ( Dendrocygna auturnnalis) . Three (43-1974)
15 Oct - 4 Nov 1973, Wister Unit. Imperial Wildlife Area, Imperial Co. (JD, VR);
photo on file (Figure 2).
This straggler from Mexico has been reported from the vicinity of the Salton Sea on
three previous occasions (1912, 1951, 1972).
GARGANEY [Anas querquedula) . One male (27-1976) 19 Mar 1975, Long Beach,
Los Angeles Co. (GMcC).
This is the first accepted record for California although this same individual or a dif-
ferent male appeared at the same location 15 Mar 1972 and 4 Apr 1974.
TUFTED DUCK [Aythya fuligula). One (25-1974) adult male 31 Dec 1973-2 Feb
1974, Lake Sherwood, Ventura Co. (probably same individual here every winter Jan
Figure 2. Black-bellied Whistling-Ducks ( Dendrocygna auturnnalis ) (43-1974), 3
Nov 1973, Imperial Wildlife Area, Imperial Co., California.
Photo by John Luther
173
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
1973 through Jan 1977) (RS) One (46-1976) 7 Nov- 12 Dec 1976, Lake Merritt,
Alameda Co. (RS); photo on file. One adult male (126-1976) 31 Oct 1976-28 Mar
1977, Lake Merritt, Alameda Co. (RS). One (25-1976) adult male 30 Oct 1974-12
Jan 1975, Lake Sherwood, Ventura Co, (GMcC).
This straggler from northeast Asia is now being found in California every winter,
with at least 10 individuals so far reported.
KING EIDER ( Somateria spectabilis) . One immature male (2-1974) 22 Nov 1973-28
Jan 1974, Malibu, Los Angeles Co. (JD, VR); photo on file. One immature male
(24-1974) 24 Nov 1973-27 Apr 1974, Monterey Harbor, Monterey Co. (JD, VR);
photo on file.
This is a very rare and sporadic wanderer from the north, apparently moving south
from Alaska with migrant scoters. In addition to the above two records, two birds were
found dead or dying at Bolinas Lagoon during the fall of 1973 (28 Oct and 3 Nov —
Point Reyes Bird Observatory) . The bird at Malibu establishes the southernmost record
for the Pacific coast.
MISSISSIPPI KITE ( Ictinia mississippiensis) . One immature (7-1976) 6 Sep 1975,
Cape Mendicino, Humboldt Co. (BC, LMcC). One adult (64-1976), 25-26 May
1976, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (DR, VR); photo on file. One adult
(63-1976) 13 Sept 1976, Pt. Diablo, Marin Co. (WMP).
There are now nine records of this species in California, seven in spring (21 May- 18
Jun) and two in fall. Five of the spring records are from Furnace Creek Ranch, one
from near Goleta, Santa Barbara Co. (18 Jun 1933) and one from Santa Barbara (3
Jun 1970).
BROAD-WINGED HAWK ( Buteo platypterus) . One immature (5-1974) 24 Sep
1973, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (JD).
This species, first found in California in 1966, is now found annually in small
numbers as a fall migrant with at least one or two wintering and an occasional bird
found in spring. It is no longer being reviewed by the committee.
ZONE-TAILED HAWK ( Buteo albonotatus) . One immature (4-1974) 19-20 Sep
1973, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (JD), One adult (66-1976) 13-20 Sep 1974, Pt.
Loma, San Diego Co. (TW, JBu). One immature (21-1976), 18-19 Sep 1975, Ti-
juana River Valley, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One immature (68-1976) 18 Oct 1975,
northwestern Orange Co. (SR). One subadult (67-1976) 22 May 1976, Fort Piute,
San Bernardino Co. (SFB).
One or two of these birds have been reported annually in southern California since
1972, most in the fall.
AMERICAN OYSTERCATCHER ( Haematopus palliatus). One adult (9-1976) 6 Sep
1975 and 18 Apr 1976, Anacapa Island, Ventura Co. (GMcC).
An American Oystercatcher, initially reported on Anacapa Island on 24 May 1964
(Audubon Field Notes 18:486, 1964), has apparently been present there continuous-
ly, being seen on virtually the same rock year after year by most field ornithologists
visiting the island. It was still present as of 20 May 1979.
PIPING PLOVER ( Charadrius melodus). One (84-1974) 16 Dec 1973 - Mar 1974
(and two previous winters), Goleta, Santa Barbara Co. (JA); photo on file. One
(44-1974) 18 Nov 1973-16 Apr 1974, Malibu Lagoon, Los Angeles Co. (JD, VR);
photo on file (Figure 3) .
These are the only two individuals to have been found in California.
DOTTEREL ( Eudromias morinellus) . One (82-1974) 12-20 Sep 1974, SE Farallon
Island, San Francisco Co. (PH, DW, HH). Photo on file and in print (Henderson,
West. Birds 10:92-94, 1979).
This is the first of this species to be found in California and only the second in North
America outside Alaska, one having been collected in coastal Washington on 3 Sep
1934 (D.E. Brown, Condor 37:82, 1935).
174
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
UPLAND SANDPIPER ( Bartramia longicauda). One (33-1976) 15 May 1976. Fur-
nace Creek, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (RS, JSL).
This is the seventh of this species to be reported in California. It is significant that the
four spring records all fall within the 13-23 May period.
SHARP -TAILED SANDPIPER (Calidris acuminata). One immature (78-1974) 29
Sep 1974, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co. (JM). One immature (74-1976) 11 Oct 1976, near
Visalia, Tulare Co. (BB, JL) ; photo on file.
This species is now being found almost annually along the coast of California in fall,
with small numbers occurring in some years (e.g. 1969) and dates of occurrences
ranging from Sep into Dec, The one near Visalia is only the second inland record
reported to this committee.
WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER ( Calidris fuscicollis) . One (70-1976) 16 Jun 1976,
Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge, Imperial Co. (LB, PL, JD, RW); photo on file.
One collected at the north end of the Salton Sea on 7 Jun 1969 (Audubon Field
Notes 23:625, 1969) is the only previous record of this species in California.
CURLEW SANDPIPER ( Calidris ferruginea). One (57-1974) 27-28 Apr 1974, Salton
City, Imperial Co. (GMcC). One (73-1974) 7-14 Sep 1974, Bolinas Lagoon, Marin
Co. (LS, GP); photo on file.
These are the third and fourth Curlew Sandpipers to be found in California, the
previous two being for the fall period. (7 Sep 1966 and 16-17 Sep 1972).
SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER ( Calidris pusilla). One (56-1974) 11-12 May 1974,
SE corner of Salton Sea, Imperial Co. (RS, BB, GMcC). One (80-1974) 21 Aug
1974, Limantour Estero, Marin Co. (GP, LS); photo on file. One (77B-1976) 12
May 1975, SE corner of Salton Sea, Imperial Co. (JM). One (45-1975) 2-4 Aug
Figure 3. Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus ) (44-1974), 22 Nov 1973, Malibu
Lagoon, Los Angeles Co., California.
Photo by Van Remsen
175
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
1975, Pescadero Marsh, San Mateo Co. (SFB , DR); photo on file. One (77A-1976)
16 May 1976, SE corner of Salton Sea, Imperial Co. (RS). One (76-1976) 6 Jun
1976, Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge, Imperial Co. (VR). One (79 -1976) 16-17
Jun 1976, Abbott’s Lagoon, Marin Co. (LS, GP).
This species is now being recorded annually in California with most records from the
Salton Sea in May and from along the coast in Aug. The one at Abbott’s Lagoon on
17 Jun is the latest to be recorded in spring.
BUFF-BREASTED SANDPIPER (Tryngites subruficollis) . One (80-1976) 30 Aug
1975, Santa Catalina Island, Los Angeles Co. (LJ). Two (44-1976) 27 Aug-6 Sep
1976, mouth of Salinas River, Monterey Co. (RS, RB, DR); photo on file.
The previous records are all from along the coast in Sep.
BAR -TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lapponica). One (32-1976) 11 Feb-2 Mar 1976,
Culver City, Los Angeles Co. (RM, BB).
The only two previous records submitted to and accepted by this committee are
from Humboldt Bay (17 Jul-3 Sep 1974) and Bolinas Lagoon, Marin Co. (26 Oct-30
Nov 1973).
RUFF ( Philomachus pugnax) . One (20-1975) 19-20 Sep 1974, Doran Beach State
Park, Sonoma Co. (JW); photo on file. One (24-1976 ) 6-15 Jan 1975, Playa del
Rey, Los Angeles Co. (GMcC). One (28-1975) 23-29 Mar 1975, Los Banos, Merced
Co. (JPM). One (17-1976) 4-10 Oct 1975, Tijuana River Valley, San Diego Co.
(GMcC). One (50-1976) 28 Oct 1976-19 Mar 1977, Pacific Grove. Monterey Co.
(RS); photo on file (Figure 4).
This species is now of annual occurrence in California, appearing most frequently in
fall with some overwintering.
Figure 4. Ruff (Philomachus pugnax ) (50-1976), 28 Oct 1976, Pacific Grove,
Monterey Co., California.
Photo by Ron Branson
176
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larusfuscus). One adult (64-1978) 14 Jan 1978,
Monterey, Monterey Co. (LCB, RB, BP, JP); photo on file.
This is the first record of this species for California and the Pacific Coast. For com-
plete details see Binford, West. Birds 9:141-150, 1978.
BLACK-HEADED GULL ( Laws ridibundus). One adult (31-1976) 5-8 Apr 1976,
Tomales Bay, Marin Co. (BS, JW, DR).
This is the third documented record for California, one having been in Richmond,
Alameda Co. on 23-24 Jan 1954 and another on Humboldt Bay, Humboldt Co.
16-23 Jul 1972.
LITTLE GULL (Larus minutus), One immature (2-1975) 19 Jan-1 Mar 1975,
Zmudowski State Beach, Monterey Co. (RB, VR, RS); photo on file.
This is the fourth Little Gull to be found in California, two of the previous three being
around the Salton Sea (16-21 Nov 1968 and 3 Dec 1972) and the third at Redondo
Beach, Los Angeles Co. (22-25 Dec 1969). This is the first immature to be recorded.
THICK-BILLED MURRE ( Uria lomvia). Two (32-1974) 14 Sep- 10 Nov 1973,
Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (RB, VR): photo on file. Two (75-1974) 11 Aug 1974,
Monterey Bay, Monterey Co. (SFB).
One or two Thick-billed Murres have been reported around Monterey Bay almost
annually since the discovery of the first one there on 27 Aug 1964 (Yadon. Calif.
Birds 1:107-110, 1970).
HORNED PUFFIN ( Fratercula corniculata) . One (7-1975) 26 Sep-23 Oct 1974, SE
Farallon Island, San Francisco Co. (RS).
This species may not be as rare on the open ocean off California as previously
thought, especially in the light of the large numbers encountered in 1975. It is no
longer on the review list.
BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO (Coccyzus erythropthalmus) . One immature (41-1976) 8
Sep 1976, Carmel River mouth, Monterey Co. (MN).
One on Point Reyes, Marin Co., on 22 Sep 1965 (Condor 69:318, 1967) is the only
other acceptable record for California.
GROOVE-BILLED ANI ( Crotophaga suicirostris) . One (35-1976) 4-16 Nov 1976,
near Lakeview, Riverside Co. (BP. AA, RC); photo on file.
This is the first Groove-billed Ani to be recorded in California.
SNOWY OWL (Nyctea scandiaca) . One (6-1974) 28 Dec 1973, near Eureka, Hum-
boldt Co. (JD). Five (7-1974) 28 Dec 1973, Lake Earl, Del Norte Co. (JD). One
(8-1974) 29 Dec 1973, Pt. St. George, Del Norte Co. (JD). One (51-1974) 6-7 Jan
1974, Pt. Reyes National Seashore, Marin Co. (VR); photo on file. One (53-1974) 30
Jan-9 Feb 1974, Bodega Bay, Sonoma Co. (VR). One (52-1974) 9-18 Feb 1974,
Alameda, Alameda Co. (VR); photo on file.
What may well have been the largest influx of Snowy Owls in historical times into
California took place during the winter of 1973-74, with more than 40 individuals
reported from various points along the coast south to Monterey County (Am. Birds
28:685, 1974).
BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD ( Lampornis clemenciae). One female
(20-1978) 27 Dec 1977-27 May 1978, Three Rivers, Tulare Co. (GSc, FB, JM, VR ,
HS): photo on file (Figure 5).
This is the first record of this species in California. It apparently bred successfully,
perhaps hybridizing with an Anna’s Hummingbird (details to be published elsewhere) .
It apparently re-nested, but was not successful.
VIOLET-CROWNED HUMMINGBIRD ( Amazilia verticalis). One (36-1976) 6 Jul to
late Dec 1976, near Santa Paula, Ventura Co. (JJ, FZ, HC, DR, RS); photo on file.
This is the first Violet-crowned Hummingbird to be recorded in California. For
details see Johnson and Ziegler, West. Birds 9:91-92, 1978.
177
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
BROAD-BILLED HUMMINGBIRD (Cynanthus latirostris) . One (40-1976) 21 Jan-18
Feb, Glendale, Los Angeles Co. (JB); photo on file.
There are at least five previous records of this southern hummingbird for California.
(McCaskie, Calif. Birds 1:1 11-112, 1970).
THICK-BILLED KINGBIRD ( Tyrannus crassirostris) . One immature (83-1974) 27
Oct-19 Dec 1974, San Francisco, San Francisco Co. (LCB, SFB); photo on file.
There are four previous records for California, all from the area around San Diego,
on dates ranging from 18 Oct to 27 Dec.
SULPHUR-BELLIED FLYCATCHER ( Myiodynastes luteiuentris) . One (69-1974) 22
Sep-5 Oct 1974, Point Mugu State Park, Ventura Co. (HB).
This is the first Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher to be recorded in California.
GREAT CRESTED FLYCATCHER ( Myiarchus crinitus). One (19-1976) 19 Sep
1975, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (43-1976) 3 Oct 1976, Bolinas, Marin
Co. (SFB).
There are now at least 12 reports of this eastern flycatcher in California, all during
the fall period, on dates from 17 Sep to 20 Oct.
OLIVACEOUS FLYCATCHER (Myiarchus tuberculifer) . One (10-1976) 29 Nov
1975-4 Jan 1976, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (BY, GMcC, MA, JH, RH,
TH, RL, RS); photo on file. One (8-1976) 7 Dec 1975-11 Apr 1976, Carmel River
mouth, Monterey Co. (GZ, RB, GMcC, VR); photo on file.
This species is an accidental late fall and winter visitant to California. Apart from
these two records, there are two specimen records for California: one from Furnace
Creek Ranch, Inyo Co., 23 Nov 1968 (Suffel, Calif. Birds 1:79-80, 1970) and one
near Walter’s Camp on the Colorado River, Riverside Co., 14 Nov 1977 (present
since 9 Nov).
Figure 5. Blue-throated Hummingbird ( Lampornis clemenciae) (20- 1978), Jan 1978,
Three Rivers, Tulare Co., California.
Photo by Frank Baldridge
178
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
EASTERN PHOEBE (Sayornis phoebe). One (34-1974) 21 May 1973, Furnace
Creek, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (HK). One (84-1976) 14 Dec 1975-7 Feb 1976, near
Bodega, Sonoma Co. (JM). One (83-1976) 9 Jan-3 Mar 1976, Santee Lakes Park,
San Diego Co. (GMcC) . One (85-1976) 24 Jan-22 Feb 1976. Paicines, San Benito
Co. (JM, AG, WG).
This species is a rare but regular late fall and winter visitant to California (mid Oct to
early Apr). All but one of the above records match this pattern, the exception being
the late May record at Furnace Creek Ranch. This record establishes the first
documented record of this species for California during the spring period. This species
is no longer being reviewed.
LEAST FLYCATCHER (Empidonax minimus). One (18-1976) 28-29 Sep 1975, Ti-
juana River Valley, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (16-1976) 1 Oct 1975, Tijuana
River Valley, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (15-1976) 15-19 Oct 1975, Tijuana River
Valley. San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (88-1976) 28 May 1976, Oasis, Mono Co.
(JM).
Recent field work by observers familiar with the characteristics of the genus Em-
pidonax has shown that this species is a rare but perhaps regular late spring and fall
vagrant to California. Most reports have come since 1974, reflecting when some
observers first felt competent to identify this species in the field.
COUES’ FLYCATCHER ( Contopus pertinax). One (46-1974) 19 Jan-25 Mar 1974,
Presidio Park, San Diego Co. (JD, RS). One (91-1976) 15 Nov-31 Dec 1974, near
Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles Co. (KG, LJ) . One (5-1976) 6 Dec 1975-18 Feb 1976,
New Brighton State Beach, Santa Cruz Co. (VR, BY, CY); photo on file. One
(90-1976) 3 Jan- 10 Mar 1976, Oceanside, San Diego Co. (GMcC).
This species is a casual fall and winter visitant to California, There are now 14
reports for California, all but two being from southern California. Dates of occurrence
range from 29 Sep to 10 Apr. It is significant that except for two collected in fall, all in-
dividuals remained into the winter season.
EASTERN WOOD PEWEE (Contopus virens). One (27-1975) 18-19 Oct 1974, Big
Sycamore Canyon, Ventura Co. (JD).
This calling bird established the first record for California.
BLUE JAY ( Cyanoeitta cristata). One (55-1974) 24 Oct 1973, Panamint City, Inyo
Co. (SD’V); photo on file.
There are now eight reports for California with only two records for southern
California, the above record and one at Igos in the San Bernardino Mountains from 20
Oct 1963 - 20 Apr 1964 (McCaskie, Calif. Birds 1:81-83, 1970).
GRAY CATBIRD ( Dumetella carolinensis) . One (45-1974) 28 Dec 1973 - 20 Feb
1974, Pebble Beach, Monterey Co. (RB, JD, VR, RS); photo on file. One (61-1974)
1 Jun 1974, Deep Springs, Inyo Co. (VR). One (21-1975) 19-20 Sep 1974, Bodega
Bay, Sonoma Co. (JW). One (23-1976) 30 May - 1 Jun 1975, Oasis, Mono Co.
(GMcC, TH). One (94-1976) 27-28 Oct 1975, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Co.
(JGM). One (96-1976) 24-25 Sep 1976, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (KVV, GMcC).
One (95-1976), 17-18 Oct 1976, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (RS, GMcC, DR).
This species is a casual spring and fall vagrant to California. Of the nine spring
reports, all but one are for the eastern portion of the state from the Oasis/Deep
Springs area south to Ft. Piute in San Bernardino Co. The Pebble Beach bird listed
above establishes the first winter record for California.
CURVE-BILLED THRASHER ( Toxostoma curvirostre) . One (67-1974) 14 Apr
1974, Brock Ranch, Imperial Co. (BB), Two (97-1976) 25 Jan (one bird), 31 Jan
(two birds)- 13 Apr (at least one still present) 1976, Finney Lake, Imperial Co.
(GMcC).
This species is primarily a casual fall and winter visitant to southeastern California. A
report for late Jul at Brock Ranch and the above Apr record differ from the primary
pattern. There are now about 14 reports for California.
179
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
RUFOUS-BACKED ROBIN ( Turdus rufopalliatus) . One (50-1974) 17 Dec 1973 - 6
Apr 1974, Imperial Dam, Imperial Co. (KK, JA, JD, CL, SL, SEL, RS).
This west Mexican species now occurs somewhat regularly as a late fall and winter
visitant to southeastern Arizona north to the Phoenix area. The above record, the first
for California, closely matches the pattern established in Arizona. There is a report of
this species at Saratoga Springs, San Bernardino Co., 19 Nov 1974 (Am. Birds
29:123, 1975) which has not yet been circulated through this committee.
VEERY (Catharus fuscescens ) . One (95-1973) 20 Oct 1973, SE Farallon Island,
San Francisco Co. (RS). One (81-1974) 12-16 Oct 1974, Big Sycamore Canyon,
Ventura Co. (HB, BB); photo on file.
The Farallon Island bird cited above is the first recorded in California. At present
these are the only accepted records for California. Other records are still to be reviewed
by the committee.
SPRAGUE’S PIPIT ( Anthus spragueii) . One (12-1976) 22 Nov 1975, Tijuana River
Valley, San Diego Co, (GMcC). One (98-1976) 21-24 Oct 1976, Carson, Los
Angeles Co. (GSS, GMcC).
This species is proving to be a somewhat regular late fall visitant to the coast of
southern California, Since 1974, when this species was first recorded in California
(McCaskie, West. Birds 6:29-30, 1975), it has turned up every fall. This species
regularly winters in southeastern Arizona north to Phoenix, and recent field work
along the Colorado River has revealed its presence there, though to date all of the
records have been from the Arizona side of the river,
YELLOW-THROATED VIREO (Vireo flavifronsl One (34-1976) 5-9 May 1976,
Morongo Valley, Riverside Co. (RS). One (99-1976) 23-26 May 1976, Deep Springs,
Inyo Co. (HK, GMcC, DR).
This species is a casual spring and fall vagrant with one winter occurrence in River-
side (5 Dec 1969 - 19 Mar 1970).
YELLOW-GREEN VIREO ( Vireo ftavouiridis) . One immature (100-1976) 25 Oct
1976, Tijuana River Valley, San Diego Co. (GMcC).
This species appears to be a casual fall vagrant from the south. There are now about
nine reports for California, all but one being for southern California. A bird collected
near Riverside on 1 Oct 1887 (Price, Auk 5:146, 1904) is the only one found away
from the immediate coast.
RED-EYED VIREO ( Vireo olivaceus). One immature (11-1974) 1 Sep 1973, Deep
Springs, Inyo Co. (JD). One immature (22-1974) 2 Sep 1973, Furnace Creek, Death
Valley, Inyo Co. (JD).
This species is a rare but regular spring and fall vagrant to California, although in-
dividuals seen in early Sep in the eastern part of California may be on the fringe of the
normal migratory route from their breeding grounds in the Pacific Northwest. This
species is no longer being reviewed by the committee.
PHILADELPHIA VIREO (Vireo philadelphicus) . One (44-1975) 14 Sep 1975, E.
Anacapa Island, Ventura Co. (SFB) . One (20-1976) 19-23 Sep 1975, Pt. Loma, San
Diego Co. (GMcC). One (14-1976) 18-19 Oct 1975, Tijuana River Valley, San Diego
Co. (GMcC); photo on file. One (105-1976) 24-25 May 1976, Oasis, Mono Co. (VR,
DR). One (104-1976) 26-27 May 1976, Scotty’s Castle, Death Valley, Inyo Co.
(DR). One (102-1976) 19 Sep 1976, Tijuana River Valley, San Diego Co. (GMcC).
One (106-1976) 22-23 Sep 1976, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co. (RE, JM). One (103-1976) 17
Oct 1976, Santa Barbara Island, Santa Barbara Co. (GSS). One (101-1976) 15-17
Oct 1976, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (GMcC, DR).
This species is a rare but somewhat regular vagrant to California, with most records
being in fall (mid Sep to mid Nov).
PROTHONOTARY WARBLER ( Protonotaria citrea). One male (62-1974) 25-26
May 1974, Furnace Creek, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (VR, RS, MW); photo on file. One
180
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
male (38-1975) 28 Sep 1974, Neary’s Lagoon, Santa Cruz Co. (RAM). One male
(39-1975) 3 Oct 1975, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co. (JM).
This species is a casual late spring and fall vagrant to California.
WORM-EATING WARBLER ( Helmitheros vermiuorus). One (26-1974) 16-21 Aug
1973, Santee, San Diego Co. (DBR). One (21-1974) 1 Oct 1973, Pt. Loma, San
Diego Co. (JD). One (108-1976) 5 Oct 1975, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (LSa). One
(41-1975) 11-13 Oct 1975, Saline Valley, Inyo Co. (Cl). One (107-1976) 27 Nov
1975, Tapia Park, Los Angeles Co. (BB).
This species is a casual vagrant to California, occurring mostly in the fall.
GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER (Vermiuora chrysoptera) . One male (49-1974)
20-21 May 1973, Deep Springs, Inyo Co. (JSL, SAL, JD). One female (63-1974)
26-27 May 1974, Oasis, Mono Co. (RS, VR). One male (19-1975) 29 Sep 1974,
Deep Springs, Inyo Co. (TH). One male (112-1976) 30 Nov 1974, San Gabriel
Mountains, Los Angeles Co. (CV). One male and one female (32-1975) 19-21 Sep
1975, Fairhaven, Humboldt Co. (DRu, TS); photo on file. One male (111-1976)
15-17 Oct 1976, Scotty’s Castle, Death Valley, Inyo Co. (GMcC, DR, TH).
This species is a casual late spring and fall vagrant to California.
NORTHERN PARULA ( Parula americana). One female (36-1974) 27 May 1973,
Oasis, Mono Co. (JSL). One female (20-1974) 3-7 Oct 1973, Otay Mesa, San Diego
Co. (JD).
This species is a rare but regular spring and fall vagrant to California, being casual
during the winter season. It has twice nested in the state. It is no longer being reviewed
by the committee.
CAPE MAY WARBLER ( Dendroica tigrina), One male (19-1974) 29 Sep 1973, San
Nicolas Island, Ventura Co. (JD). One male (18-1974) 27 Oct - 3 Nov 1973, Desert
Center, San Bernardino Co. (JD) . One female (17-1974) 3 Nov 1973, Desert Center,
San Bernardino Co. (JD). One male (9- 1975) 1-3 Jun 1974, SE Farallon Island,
San Francisco Co. (RS); photo on file. One male (9-1975) 1-5 Jun 1974, SE
Farallon Island, San Francisco Co. (RS); photo on file. One female (29-1975) 28-30
Oct 1974, Furnace Creek, Inyo Co. (SS). One male (30-1975) 30 Oct 1974,
Shoshone, Inyo Co. (GSS).
This species is proving now to be a rare but regular late spring and especially fall
vagrant to California. It appears to have increased its tendency to wander to Califor-
nia, as prior to 1968 only three were reported in the state. It is no longer on the review
list.
BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER ( Dendroica uirens). One (12-1974) 3 Nov
1973, Kelso, San Bernardino Co. (JD). One (13-1974) 3 Nov 1973, Twentynine
Palms, San Bernardino Co. (JD). One (14-1974) 21 Oct 1973, San Nicolas Island,
Ventura Co. (JD). One male (15-1974) 20 Sep 1973, Otay Mesa, San Diego Co.
(JD). One (13-1975) 26-27 Oct 1974, Palos Verdes Peninsula, Los Angeles Co.
(SW).
This species is a rare but regular fall vagrant to southern California, but only a casual
straggler in the northern part of the state. It is no longer on the review list.
CERULEAN WARBLER (Dendroica cerulea). One female (59-1974) 27 May 1974,
Oasis, Mono Co. (RS, VR).
This is the third report of this vagrant in California and the first during spring. The
other two records are of one collected at the south end of the Salton Sea, Imperial
Co., on 1 Oct 1947 (Hanna and Cardiff, Condor, 49:245, 194) and one seen on Pt.
Loma, San Diego Co., on 26 Oct 1967.
YELLOW-THROATED WARBLER ( Dendroica dominica) . One male (58-1974) 23
Apr 1974, San Diego, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (24-1975) 24 May 1975,
Antelope Springs, Inyo Co. (RD). One (30-1975) 26 May 1975, Deep Springs, Inyo
Co. (GMcC). One (114-1976) 31 May 1975, Oasis, Mono Co. (TH). One (113-1976)
2-7 Sep 1976, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co. (AG, JM, RS); photo on file (Figure 6).
181
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
This species is a casual spring and fall vagrant to California. The San Diego bird was
exceptionally early for a traditional eastern vagrant and suggests that this individual
may have wintered somewhere on the west coast of Mexico. All of the above in-
dividuals were believed to be of the "white-Iored" subspecies D.d. albilora. The only
record of the "yellow-lored” type. D.d. dominica or D.d. stoddardi, is of one banded
on Pt. Loma. San Diego Co.. 15 Oct 1969 and present to 5 Nov 1969 (Craig. Calif.
Birds 3:17-18, 1972).
GRACE’S WARBLER (Dendroica graciae). One (23-1975) 15 Jun - 3 Jul 1975. Ar-
rastre Creek near Onyx Summit, San Bernardino Co. (KG).
This is only the fourth reported in California and the second of a bird during summer
in suitable nesting habitat. Two were on the coast of San Diego Co. on 29 Oct 1966
and 8 Sep 1968 (Craig, Calif. Birds 1 :77-78, 1970) and one was on Clark Mountain.
San Bernardino Co , on 30 May 1974 (Johnson and Garrett, West. Birds 5:45-56,
1974).
CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER (Dendroica pensylvanica) . One male (66-1974) 26
May 1974. Furnace Creek, Inyo Co. (BB). One (17-1975) 21-22 Sep 1974, Oasis,
Mono Co. (JH, TH). One (22-1975) 26 May 1975 Wyman Canyon, Inyo Co. (RD).
This species is a rare but regular late spring and fall vagrant in California. It is no
longer being reviewed by the committee.
BAY-BREASTED WARBLER ( Dendroica castanea). One male and one female
(10-1975) 1-3 Jun 1974, SE Farallon Island, San Francisco Co. (RS); photo on file.
One male (60-1974) 3 Jun 1974. Deep Springs, Inyo Co. (VR). One (12-1975)
20-21 Sep 1974, Tijuana River Valley. San Diego Co. (PU). One (18-1975) 20 Oct
1974, Deep Springs, Inyo Co. (TH) . One (6- 1976) 2 Oct 1975, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
(JM).
Figure 6. Yellow-throated Warbler ( Dendroica dominica) (113-1976), 5 Sep 1976,
Pt. Reyes. Marin Co., California.
Photo by Al Ghiorso
182
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
This species is now a rare but regular late spring and fall vagrant in California. Like
the Cape May Warbler, it is now recorded with much greater frequency than formerly
even though vagrant traps were being checked in the early and mid 1960s. This
species is no longer being reviewed.
PINE WARBLER ( Dendroica pinus). One (110-1976) 13-16 Oct 1976, Pt. Loma,
San Diego Co. (GMcC, DR, BSc); photo on file.
This species has only been reported along the coast of California during the fall. It
should be identified with extreme caution, as bright fall immature Blackpoll Warblers
have often been erroneously identified as Pine Warblers.
KENTUCKY WARBLER (Oporornis formosus) . One male (39-1974) 1 Jun 1973,
Santa Barbara Island, Santa Barbara Co. (KG). One female (8-1975) 1-3 Jun 1974,
SE Farailon Island, San Francisco Co. (RS); photo on file.
This species is a casual late spring vagrant to California with most records coming
from SE Farailon Island. There is also one specimen supported record for late fall
(21-23 Nov 1972) at Eureka, Humboldt Co. (Am. Birds 27:118, 1973).
CONNECTICUT WARBLER ( Oporornis agilis). One (79-1974) 22 Sep 1974,
Stovepipe Wells, Inyo Co. (DR. JM, SFB), One (37-1975) 26 Sep 1974, Pt. Reyes,
Marin Co. (TS, RE). One (36-1975) 29 Sep 1974, Pt. Reyes, Mann Co. (PM).
This species is a casual late spring and fall vagrant to California. The record at
Stovepipe Wells is the first for the interior of the state.
MOURNING WARBLER (Oporornis Philadelphia). One male (37-1976) 29 May
1976. Furnace Creek, Inyo Co. (HB, JH, TH).
This species is a casual late spring and fall vagrant to California.
RED-FACED WARBLER ( Cardellina rubrifrons) . One (42-1974) 14 Jun 1973, San
Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles Co. (KG, JD) One (28-1976) 17 May 1975, Clark
Mountain, San Bernardino Co. (GMcC).
The only previous record of this species was of one collected in the desert lowlands
at Brock Ranch, Imperial Co., on 30 May 1970 (McCaskie, Calif. Birds 1:145-146,
1970). What may have been the same individual as n 28-1976 was reported on Clark
Mountain on 22 Jun 1975 (Am. Birds 29:1036, 1975). The two records listed above
are from plausible breeding localities.
HOODED WARBLER (Wilsonta citrina) . One male (6-1975) 5-6 Oct 1974, near San-
ta Cruz. Santa Cruz Co. (RS). One male (4-1975) 30-31 Oct 1974, Furnace Creek,
Inyo Co. (RS). One female (49-1976) 15 Sep 1976. Carmel River, Monterey Co.
(RS).
This species is a rare but apparently regular spring and fall vagrant to California. It is
no longer being reviewed.
CANADA WARBLER (WV/sonia canadensis). One (35-1974) 9-11 Sep 1973, Otay
Mesa. San Diego Co. (JD). One (2-1976) 26 Sep 1974, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co. (RE,
TS). One (1-1976) 27 Sep 1974. Ano Nuevo, San Mateo Co. (BY). One (74-1974) 6
Oct 1974, Montana de Oro State Park, San Luis Obispo Co. (JJ). One (16-1975) 20
Oct 1974, San Clemente Island, Los Angeles Co. (JLa). One (1-1975) 27 Oct 1974,
Ti(uana River Valley. San Diego Co. (JM). One (3-1976) 6 Sep 1975, Fairhaven,
Humboldt Co (SS). One (34-1975) 26 Oct 1975, Golden Gate National Recreation
Area, Marin Co. (VR). One (117-1976) 7 Sep 1976. Oceanside, San Diego Co.
(GMcC). One (119-1976) 25 Sep 1976, Big Morongo, San Bernardino Co. (DM).
One (118-1976) 26 Sep 1976, Pt. Loma, San Diego Co. (GMcC). One (48-1976)
3-8 Oct 1976, Pacific Grove, Monterey Co. (BH, CJ, RS).
This species is a rare but regular fall vagrant, accidental in spring. The record listed
above for Big Morongo is one of very few records away from the coast. This species is
no longer being reviewed.
PAINTED REDSTART ( Mpioborus pictus ). One (11-1975) 2 Sep 1974, Pt. Loma,
San Diego Co. (PU) .
There are now about 50 records of this species for California, all from the southern
portion of the state north to Tulare Co. Along the coastal slope this species occurs
183
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
primarily as a rare or casual fall vagrant and winter visitant. For a complete discussion
of its distribution in California see Unitt, West. Birds 5:94-96, 1974. The species is no
longer being reviewed.
STREAK-BACKED (SCARLET-HEADED) ORIOLE (Icterus pustulatus). One im-
mature male (147-1977) 6 Nov - 11 Dec 1977, Furnace Creek, Inyo Co. (JD, GMcC,
VR, DR).
This is the first report of this species at an inland locality in California. The previous
five reports have come from coastal localities in San Diego (4) and Los Angeles (1)
counties.
RUSTY BLACKBIRD ( Euphagus carolinus). Two (68-1974) 5-12 Jan 1974, near
Solvang, Santa Barbara Co. (JA).
This species occurs regularly as a scarce late fall transient through the northeastern
portion of southern California (McCaskie, Calif. Birds 2:55-68, 1971). Along the
coast and on the Channel Islands it is rare but regular as a fall transient and winter visi-
tant. It is no longer being reviewed by the committee.
COMMON GRACKLE ( Quiscalus quiscula). One (29-1976) 21-26 May 1975, Fur-
nace Creek, Inyo Co. (GMcC, AM); photo on file. One (38-1976) 30 Apr 1976,
Morongo Valley, San Bernardino Co. (RD).
A specimen from El Cajon, San Diego Co., 20 Nov 1969 was the first record for
California. The Furnace Creek bird above establishes the second occurrence.
SCARLET TANAGER (Piranga oliuacea) . One male (43-1975) 5 Jun 1975,
Morongo Valley, San Bernardino Co. (WT). One male (13-1976) 4-8 Nov 1975, Fur-
nace Creek, Inyo Co. (GMcC). One male (120-1976) 27 Nov - 13 Dec 1976, San
Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo Co. (FT),
This species is a casual, bordering on very rare, late spring and late fall vagrant to
California, the great majority occurring in southern California. The record for San Luis
Obispo establishes the latest fall record for California.
PYRRHULOX1A ( Pyrrhuloxia sinuata) . One female (64-1974) 23 May 1974, Brock
Experimental Ranch, Imperial Co. (RS). One male (72-1974) 14 Jul 1974, Palo
Verde, Riverside Co. (GS). One male (70-1974) 18 Jul 1974, Westmorland, Imperial
Co. (DR).
All records to date are for the southeastern portion of the state. There appears to be
no clear seasonal pattern, although the first two records for California were clearly of
wintering birds.
VARIED BUNTING ( Passerina versicolor) . A flock of 15 to 20 birds (145-1977) with
one adult male and one female collected by Dr J.A. Hornung, 8-9 Feb 1914, near
Blythe, Riverside Co (JD*) - One male (130- 1977) 18-21 Nov 1977, Mesquite Springs,
Inyo Co. (DD, DR, JD, GMcC); photo on file.
These are the only accepted records for California.
PAINTED BUNTING ( Passerina ciris). One (22-1976) 11 Sep 1975, Pt. Loma, San
Diego Co. (GMcC). One immature male (122-1976) 27-28 Nov 1976, Scotty’s Cas-
tle, Inyo Co. (BP, GMcC, DR); photo on file.
This species is a casual fall vagrant to southern California. Birds, particularly adult
males, falling outside the known pattern of fall vagrancy are highly suspect as escapes.
BLACK ROSY FINCH (Leucosticte atrata ). One (11-1976) 28 Nov 1975, Westgard
Pass, Inyo Co. (GMcC).
This species is a rare straggler along the eastern fringe of the state, always occurring
with flocks of Gray-crowned Rosy Finches. It may be more regular than the five
reports indicate but it is still probably of irregular occurrence.
LE CONTE’S SPARROW ( Ammospiza leconteii). One (15-1975) 16 Nov 1974,
Richmond, Contra Costa Co. (EH).
This establishes the fourth occurrence of this species in California, the previous
three also being during fall
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CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
SHARP-TAILED SPARROW (Ammospiza caudacuta) . One (26-1976) 26 Jan 1975,
Newport Bay, Orange Co. (GMcC). Two (124-1976) 23 Oct 1975 - 5 Mar 1977,
Newport Bay, Orange Co (GMcC, DR); photo on file. One (125-1976) 25-26 May
1976, Oasis, Mono Co. (DR). One (123-1976) 27-29 May 1976, Furnace Creek, In-
yo Co. (DR, GMcC).
This species has been found almost every winter in recent years at Newport Bay and
in the San Francisco Bay area. The two records at inland localities are the first
documented occurrences away from coastal marshes.
CASSIN’S SPARROW ( Aimophilia cassinii). One (62-1976) 8-11 May 1976, El Ca-
jon, San Diego Co. (GMcC, VR).
The bird cited above and one present at the same locality 15-30 May 1970 were
singing and skylarking. These are the only California records away from SE Farallon
Island prior to 1978.
SNOW BUNTING (Plectrophenax nivalis). One (35-1975) 16 Nov 1975, Bodega
Bay, Sonoma Co. (RA, DWe).
This species is rare but somewhat regular along the coast south to Marin Co., with
most reported from late fall to early winter.
UNACCEPTED RECORDS, Identification uncertain
YELLOW-BILLED LOON (Gavra adamsii). One (51-1976) 6 Sep 1976, Boca Reservoir, Nevada
Co.
SCALED PETREL ( Pterodroma inexpecta ). One (14-1975) 1 Dec 1974, between Catalina Island
and Palos Verdes Peninsula, Orange Co.
RED-BILLED TROPICBIRD ( Phaethon aethereus). One (67-1973) 29 Jun 1973, Pescadero
Marsh, San Mateo Co.
BROWN BOOBY ( Sula leucogaster) . One (59-1976) 20 Jul 1975, Scott’s Creek Beach, Santa
Cruz Co.
MASKED DUCK ( Oxyura dominica). One (72-1977) 17 Jul 1977, Salton Sea, Imperial Co.
ZONE-TAILED HAWK ( Buteo albonotatus) . One (65-1976) 7 Nov 1975, San Pedro, Los Angeles
Co.
SHARP-TAILED SANDPIPER (Ca/idris acuminata) . One (72-1976) 19 Sep 1976, Malibu
Lagoon, Los Angeles Co.
SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER ( Calidris pusilla) . One (75-1976) 5 Aug 1976, Mono Lake, Mono
Co.
BAR-TAILED GODWIT ( Limosa lapponica) . One (47-1975) 28 Sep 1975, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
One (81-1976) 17 Apr 1976, Bodega Bay, Sonoma Co.
SNOWY OWL (Nyctea scandiaca), One (54-1974) 15 Jan 1974, Sunnyvale, Santa Clara Co.
RIVOLI'S HUMMINGBIRD (Eugenes fu /gens) . One (78-1977) 7 Sep 1977, near Auburn, Placer
Co.
WHITE-EARED HUMMINGBIRD (Hylocharis leucotis) One (42-1976) 19-20 Mar 1976. Ojai,
Ventura Co
ALDER FLYCATCHER ( Empidonax alnorum). One (118-1977) 21 Sep 1971, SE Farallon
Island, San Francisco Co. Specimen identified as a Willow Flycatcher (E traillii ).
LEAST FLYCATCHER ( Empidonax minimus). One (87-1976) 12 Oct 1975, Oasis, Mono Co.
One (89-1976) 19 Sep 1976, Kelso, San Bernardino Co.
185
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
UNACCEPTED RECORDS, Identification uncertain (Cont.)
EASTERN WOOD PEWEE ( Contopus virens). One (92-1976) 11 Oct 1975, Big Sycamore Can-
yon, Ventura Co.
VEERY (Catharus fuscesens) . One (42-1975) 6 Oct 1975, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
WHEATEAR ( Oenanthe oenanthe) . One (71-1974) 2 Sep 1974, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
WHITE WAGTAIL ( Motacilla alba) , One (40-1975) 2 Mar 1975, Pajaro River, Watsonville, Santa
Cruz Co,
RED-EYED VIREO (Vireo olivaceus). One (65-1974) 28 May 1974, Scotty's Castle, Inyo Co.
PHILADELPHIA VIREO (Vireo philadelphicus) . One (77-1974) 24 Aug 1974, Tilden Regional
Park, Contra Costa Co.
SWAINSON’S WARBLER ( Limnothlypis s wainsonii) . One (109-1977) 31 Apr 1977, El Monte,
Los Angeles Co.
PINE WARBLER (Dendroica pinus). One (76-1974) 6 Oct 1974, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
CONNECTICUT WARBLER ( Oporornis agilis). One (39-1976) 15-16 Sep 1975, Big Sycamore
Canyon, Ventura Co. One (115-1976) 18 Sep 1976. San Francisco, San Francisco Co.
MOURNING WARBLER ( Oporornis Philadelphia) . One (25-1975) 24 May 1975, Deep Springs,
Inyo Co.
RED-FACED WARBLER (Cardellina rubrifrons). Two (116-1976) 15 May 1975, Lake Fulmor,
San Jacinto Mountains, Riverside Co.
COMMON GRACKLE (Quiscalus quiscula). One (26-1975) 1 Jun 1975, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co.
INDIGO BUNTING ( Passerina cyanea). One (10-1973) 30 Sep 1972, Kelso, San Bernardino Co.
PAINTED BUNTING ( Passerina ciris ). One female (33-1975) 13 Mar 1975, Fremont, Alameda
Co. Two males (31-1975) 28 Mar 1975, near Tulles Lake, Imperial Co.
UNACCEPTED RECORDS, Origin Uncertain (Identification
accepted)
ANHINGA ( Anhinga anhinga). One female (3-1977) 4 Feb 1977 to at least 17 Mar 1978, Sweet-
water Reservoir, San Diego Co.
BLACK DUCK (Anas rubripes). One specimen (88-1978) 1 Feb 1911, Willows, Glenn Co.
SPECTACLED EIDER ( Lampronetta fischeri). One adult male specimen (head only) (141-1977)
Feb 1893, Bitterwater Lake, San Benito Co.
BLACK VULTURE ( Coragyps atratus) . One (12-1972) 13 Apr 1972, Chico, Butte Co. One
(35-1978) 5 Sep 1977, near Parker Dam, San Bernardino Co. One member voted identification
uncertain on the Parker Dam record, and one member voted origin uncertain.
HARRIS’ HAWK ( Parabuteo unicinetus) . One (69-1976) 23-24 Aug 1976, Tijuana River Valley,
San Diego Co.
BLACK-TAILED GULL (Larus crassirostris) . One adult female specimen (143-1977) 28 Nov
1954, San Diego, San Diego Co.
For details see Monroe, Auk 72:208, 1955 and McCaskie et al., Calif. Birds 1:24-25, 1970.
KITTLITZ’S MURRELET (Brachyramphus brevirostris) . One juvenile specimen (83-1978) 16 Aug
1969, La Jolla, San Diego Co.
For details see Devillers, Calif. Birds 3:33-38, 1972.
186
CALIFORNIA BIRD RECORDS
CONTRIBUTORS
Robert Albright (RA), Alan Altman (AA), Merle Archie (MA), Jon Atwood (JA),
Karen Bailey (KB), Stephen F. Bailey (SFB), Frank Baldridge (FB), Karen Ballard
(KBa), Larry R. Ballard (LRB), Bernice Barnes (BBa), Robert A. Barnes (RAB),
Linda A. Belluomini (LAB), Louis Bevier (LB), Laurence C. Binford (LCB), Jean
Brandt (JB), Ron Branson (RB), Bruce Broadbooks (BB), Henry Brodkin (HB), John
Butler (JB), Larry Clark (LC), Herbert Clarke (HC), Bill Clow (BC), Robert Cooper
(RC), Harry Davis (HD), Richard Dean (RD), Donna Dittmann (DD), Jon Dunn (JD),
Bruce Elliott (BE), Richard Erickson (RE), Kimball Garrett (KG), Albert Ghiorso (AG),
Wilma Ghiorso (WG), Jo Heindel (JH), Tom Heindel (TH) , Roger C. Helm(RCH),
Phil Henderson (PH), E.E. Henning (EH), Bob Hirt (BH), Harriet Huber (HH),
Robert Hudson (RH), Carolyn litis (Cl), Carl Janson (CJ), Jerome Johnson (JJ), Lee
Jones (LJ), Kenn Kaufmann (KK), Harry Krueger (HK), Jan Larson (JLa), Paul
Lehman (PL), David B. Lewis (DL), T. James Lewis (TJL), John Lindsay (JL),
Steven E. Liston (SEL), John S. Luther (JSL), Susanne A. Luther (SAL), Clifford
Lyons (CL), Susan Lyons (SL), Tim Manolis (TM), Robert Margolies (RM), Guy
McCaskie (GMcC), Lynn McCulloch (LMcC), Alan Meyerfeld (AM), J.P. Myers
(JPM), Peter Metropulos (PM), Joan G. Moore (JGM), Randell A. Morgan (RAM),
Joe Morlan (JM), Doug Morton (DM), Mike Newcomer (MN), Gary Page (GP),
Dennis Parker (DP), Benjamin D, Parmeter (BP), John Parmeter (JP), Robert Paxton
(RP), Burris Price (BPr), William M. Pursell (WMP), Donald B. Ramsey (DBR), Sylvia
Ranney (SR), Van Remsen (VR), Don Roberson (DR), David Rudholm (DRu), Luis
Santaella (LSa), Brad Schram (BSc), Gertrude Schuckert (GSc), Tom Schulenberg
(TS), Arnold Small (AS), Bruce Sorrie (BS), Harold Spear (HS), Gary Stacey (GS),
Richard Stallcup (RS) , Lynne Stenzel (LS), G. Shumway Suffel (GSS), Steve
Summers (SS), Fern Tainter (FT), Wayne Tillay (WT), W. Breck Tyler (WBT), Phil
Unitt (PU), Kent Van Vuren (KVV), Susan D’Vincent (SD’V), Carol Vleck (CV),
Terry Wahl (TW), Richard Webster (RW), Shirley Wells (SW), Dolores Westrich
(DWe), Mike Wihler (MW), David Winkler (DW), Jon Winter (JW), Bob Yutzy (BY),
Carol Yutzy (CY), Gary Zamzow (GZ), Fred Ziegler (FZ),
Accepted 2 August 1979
187
Sketch by Donna Dittmann
HABITAT SPECIFIC BEHAVIOR OF THE PARAKEET
AUKLET IN THE BARREN ISLANDS, ALASKA
DAVID A. MANUWAL and NAOMI J. MANUWAL, Wildlife Science Group, College
of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
We are not aware of any published accounts of the behavior of the
Parakeet Auklet ( Cyclorrhynchus psittacula). Previous studies of this
species have centered on its ecology in the Bering Sea (Bedard
1969a, 1969b, Sealy 1968, Sealy and Bddard 1973). Our intent is
to discuss and relate the basic behavior patterns of this species to the
reproductive cycle and components of the nesting environment.
STUDY AREA AND METHODS
This study was conducted on East Amatuli, one of the Barren
Islands (58°55'N, 152°10 / W), which are located between the
Kodiak Island archipelago and the Kenai Peninsula, near the en-
trance to Cook Inlet. A complete description of the Barren Islands
can be found in Bailey (1976).
We studied part of a 50-pair colony in East Amatuli cove. All
observations of behavior and activity were made from a blind located
at the edge of the auklet colony. Supplementary data were obtained
by observing nest sites from a second blind and by hiding among the
boulders at a second colony. Preliminary observations were made
between 14 May and 1 June 1976. Data collection occurred be-
tween 8 June and 28 August 1976, during which period we spent a
total of 219 hours observing Parakeet Auklets.
Specific behaviors were described from field notes and from
analyzing black and white and color photographs of specific postures
and flock arrangements. On 10 occasions, a quantitative analysis of
behavioral bouts was made by making 5-minute counts every 15
minutes from dawn to dusk. Colony attendance and habitat utiliza-
tion were studied by recording all movements between the major
recognized habitat components from the time of auklet arrival to
departure.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE
Compared with populations in the Aleutians and in the Bering
Sea, the number of Parakeet Auklets in the Barren Islands was small.
Bailey (1976) estimated the total population to be 900-1000 pairs in
nine different colonies on five islands. Colonies varied in size from 10
Western Birds 10: 189-200, 1979
189
PARAKEET AUKLET IN THE BARREN ISLANDS
to 200 pairs and were found where there were boulders and cliffs
with suitable crevices.
GENERAL BREEDING BIOLOGY
Parakeet Auklets were already present at the colony when we ar-
rived on 14 May 1976. Our knowledge of the general chronology of
the breeding cycle was determined from a small number of eggs and
young found in the few accessible rock crevices.
Previous studies on the breeding biology have been conducted
much farther north on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska (63°51'N,
171 °36'W) (Sealy and Bedard 1973). Egg-laying is roughly three
weeks earlier in the Barren Islands than on St. Lawrence. Initiation of
egg-laying is strongly influenced by snow melt, which apparently oc-
curred on the Barren Islands between mid-April and early May 1976
(Bailey pers. comm.). Parakeet Auklets lay a single egg clutch, which
is incubated for about 36 days. Nestlings fledged on St. Lawrence
Island at 77% adult weight after 35 days in the nest crevice.
NESTING CLIFFS
Figure 7. Number of Parakeet Auklet flights per day at a 50-pair colony on east
Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska. The number of flights to rocks was recorded
on 10 dates during the 1976 nesting season.
198
PARAKEET AUKLET IN THE BARREN ISLANDS
Table 2. Habitat-specific time budget of the Parakeet Auklet on 25 July 1976 in the
Barren Islands, Alaska.
NO. OF
PERCENT OF
HABITAT COMPONENT
MINUTES
TIME BUDGET
Oceanic Environment 1
860
59.7
Nesting Environment
Staging Area (S)
35
2.4
Offshore Flocking Area (OF)
103
7.2
Inshore Flocking Area (IF)
307
21.3
Intertidal Loafing Area (IR)
27
1.9
Middle Rocks Loafing Area (MR)
20
1.4
Nesting Cliffs and Rocks (NR)
88
6.1
Total Time in Nesting Area
580
40.3
TOTAL MINUTES (24 hours)
1440
100.0
J Birds in the oceanic environment were presumed to be engaged in feeding behavior.
When Parakeet Auklets were in the late stages of incubation or
early nestling period, they spent about 60% of their time at sea
feeding and about 40% at or near the colony site. Of this, roughly
20% of their time was spent in various types of social behavior in the
inshore flocking area.
Figure 4 shows the amount of time auklets spent at the colony site.
Early in the season, auklets spent 5 to 7 hours in the cove and nest
rocks. During the middle portion of the breeding cycle, they were in
the area 9 to 10 hours. After hatching and brooding was completed,
Parakeet Auklets abandoned the nesting area; they returned only to
feed the young, spending less than 3 hours at the colony site each
day.
SUMMARY
The nesting environment of the Parakeet Auklet consisted of both
aquatic and terrestrial components. The nesting environment con-
sisted of a staging area, flocking areas closer to shore, and various
terrestrial areas. Habitat affinities of 14 different behaviors were
described. During the early and middle parts of the nesting cycle,
auklets approached the nesting colony site by flying to the inshore
flocking area and then making a circular flight to the nesting area.
Most social behavior occurred in the inshore flocking area. As the
season progressed, social behavior decreased rapidly. During late in-
199
PARAKEET AUKLET IN THE BARREN ISLANDS
cubation, Parakeet Auklets spent about 60% of their time at sea.
Forty percent of their time was spent at or near the colony site; of
this, about 20% was spent engaged in social behavior in the inshore
flocking area. Additional studies of the social behavior of other
species of auklets may be helpful in further defining their
phylogenetic and ecological relationships.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We wish to thank Edgar P. Bailey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Anchorage, for sharing valuable knowledge of the Barren Islands.
We gratefully acknowledge the financial and logistic support provid-
ed by Contract Number 14-16-0008-2054 with the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Anchorage.
LITERATURE CITED
Bailey, E.P. 1976. Breeding bird distribution and abundance in the Barren Islands,
Alaska. Murrelet 57:2-12.
Bedard, J. 1969a. The nesting of the Crested, Least, and Parakeet auklets on St.
Lawrence Island, Alaska. Condor 71:386-398.
Bedard, J. 1969b. Feeding of the Crested, Least, and Parakeet auklets around St.
Lawrence Island, Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 47:1025-1050.
Drent, R. 1965. Breeding biology of the Pigeon Guillemot, Cepphus columba. Ardea
53:99-160.
Sealy, S G. 1968. A comparative study of breeding ecology and timing in plankton-
feeding alcids ( Cyclorrhynchus and Aethia spp.) on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska.
M.S. thesis, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver. 193 pp.
Sealy, S.G. and J. Bedard. 1973. Breeding biology of the Parakeet Auklet ( Cyclor -
rhynchus psittacula) on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Astarte 6:59-68.
Storer, R. 1952. A comparison of variation, behavior, and evolution in the seabird
genera Uria and Cepphus. Univ. California Publ. Zool. 52:121-222.
Accepted 3 September 1979
200
HABITAT UTILIZATION AND MIGRATION OF
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS, ALASKA
DAVID A. MANUWAL and NAOMI J. MANUWAL, Wildlife Science Group, College
of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
The Barren Islands (58°55'N, 152°10' W) in the northwestern
Gulf of Alaska are the breeding stations for the largest marine bird
populations in the region (Bailey 1976); however, little is known
about the land birds breeding on or migrating through these islands.
The only information available on land birds of the Barren Island
area is by Isleib and Kessel (1973) and Bailey (1976). Rausch (1958)
described the birds of Middleton Island, an isolated island in the
northcentral Gulf of Alaska. In this paper, we briefly discuss the
habitat utilization of breeding and migrant birds of the Barren Islands
and the timing of their migration. Shorebirds are included because
they utilized terrestrial habitat.
STUDY AREA AND METHODS
The Barren Islands are located in the middle of the southern en-
trance to Cook Inlet between the Kenai Peninsula and the Kodiak
Island archipelago (Figure 1). Our camp and censuses were located
on 435 ha East Amatuli Island (Figure 2) where we were conducting
intensive studies of the breeding marine bird colonies. A more com-
plete description of the Barren Islands can be found in Bailey (1976) .
We censused birds 27 times along regular transects during June,
July and August 1976. We recorded the number of individual birds
of each species in each major habitat type along the 2.4 km census
route. It normally took 1.5 hours to walk the transects. Eight habitat
types were delineated, based on vegetative changes associated with
geologic discontinuities (N. Manuwal, in press). "
The vegetation of the beach community was restricted to a narrow
band along the beach side of the dunes. Seabeach Sandwort (Hon-
ckenya peploides) and dune grass (Elyiwus arenarius ) were the
dominant species. The dune habitat was dominated by dune grass
and other tall herbaceous plants, especially Cow Parsnip (Heraculum
lanatum). The boulder habitat was formed by erosion of the hillside.
The vegetation, which was lush due to seepage among the 1 m size
boulders, was dominated by tall herbaceous plants and ferns such as
Cow Parsnip, fireweed ( Epilobium angustifolium ) and Lady Fern
( Athyrium fiiix-femina ) . The willow habitat was along a stream and
was dominated by willow (Sa/ix) shrubs. These habitats had an
average height of 1 m.
Western Birds 10: 201-213, 1979
201
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
The grassland-meadow habitat occurred on the valley bottom and
lower hillsides. It was floristically diverse. Several genera of grasses
( Festuca and Deschampsia ) were prevalent as well as forbs such as
anemone (Anemone narcissiflora) and bunchberry (Cornus suecica) .
The riparian habitat was similar floristically; however, a stream ran
through it and therefore more hydrophilic plants occurred. The
average height of these habitats was 0.5 rn.
The crowberry and fellfield habitats averaged 10 cm in height. The
crowberry habitat was found on solifluction slopes; the fellfield
habitat was in an area of high winds due to a “saddle” in the cliffs.
Both habitats were characterized by crowberry ( Empetrum nigrum).
BARREN (J
& ISLANDS E.Amatuli
O
Figure 1. Location of the Barren Islands, Alaska.
202
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
BREEDING BIRDS AND HABITATS
We found seven species of land birds breeding on East Amatuli
Island; only four of these occurred on our census routes (Table 1).
The Savannah Sparrow was easily the most abundant species. In
descending order of abundance, the other species were the Golden-
crowned Sparrow, Water Pipit, Gray-crowned Rosy Finch, Winter
Wren, Common Raven and Peregrine Falcon. With the exception of
Ushaget Island, which has a well-developed Sitka Spruce ( Picea sit-
cherrsis ) forest, the breeding avifauna of the other islands was nearly
identical to that of East Amatuli Island.
We observed Savannah Sparrows in all habitat types; they pre-
ferred nesting in the grassland-meadow, crowberry and boulder
habitats and used the riparian and willow habitats as escape cover
and feeding areas. After fledging, young and adult Savannah Spar-
rows seemed to avoid the crowberry and fellfield habitats which of-
fered little cover. By fledging time, the dune grass was nearly 1 m
high in the dunes, so sparrows spent more time there than at any
other time of the year (Figure 3) . The large peaks in numbers be-
tween 30 June and 30 July represent the fledging of Savannah Spar-
rows (Figure 3).
Figure 2. Large valley on East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, showing to-
pography and major habitat features.
203
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
The Water Pipit was more specialized in its habitat preferences
than the Savannah Sparrow. It avoided areas of tall vegetation and
was most abundant in the fellfield, crowberry and grassland-meadow
habitats (Figure 4). We occasionally observed it feeding on the
beach. Adults fed fledged young in the fellfield and crowberry
habitats. In the second week of August the breeding population ap-
parently left the island. Migrant pipits appeared later and were found
primarily in the crowberry, grassland-meadow and beach habitats.
Most breeding Golden-crowned Sparrows were in the grassland-
meadow and boulder habitats and seemed to prefer relatively tall
herbaceous cover. When flushed, many flew to nearby willow or
riparian areas. Nests were usually located near the base of Cow
Parsnip or angelica ( Angelica lucida) . This species was rarely observed
outside its preferred habitat.
Gray-crowned Rosy Finches nested at the higher elevations of the
island but frequently fed in low elevation fellfield and crowberry
habitats. In late May we observed several rosy finches feeding on the
previous year’s seeds of Cow Parsnip and angelica which they gleaned
off the edges of snow banks near the top of the island. Later in sum-
SAVANNAH SPARROW
WILLOWS
JUNE JULY AUGUST
Figure 3. Relative abundance of the Savannah Sparrow in major habitats along cen-
sus transects, East Amatuli Island, Alaska, summer 1976. Vertical scale on right is
number of individuals.
204
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
mer, we also saw them in the boulder area where they perched on
top of large rocks or drank water from small puddles at the base of
the rocks. By late July, adult and fledgling rosy finches were using
the beach area and the steep south slopes and cliffs of the island for
feeding.
Winter Wrens nested on the south slopes of the island, primarily in
patches of Cow Parsnip and dense grass. Common Ravens and
Peregrine Falcons nested on high cliffs.
BIRD MIGRATION AND HABITATS
We observed 53 land bird species from 14 May to 3 September
1976, of which 36 species were found on our transect routes through
major habitats. Table 2 indicates when we observed these species. In
general, spring migration was over by the first week of June. Autumn
migration began around the first week of August and was heavy
when we departed on 3 September. Several species that nested on
Ushaget Island (or perhaps the mainland) visited the island outside
the migration periods. These included the Tree Swallow, Hermit
Thrush, White- winged Crossbill, Belted Kingfisher, American Robin,
Bald Eagle, Golden Eagle, Merlin and Short-eared Owl.
WATER PIPIT
WILLOWS ^
RIPARIAN
FELLFIELD
CROWBERRY
BEACH _
BOULDERS
GRASSL - A
MEADOW
DUNES _
1 1 I I I I ! I 1 I I I I I I I 1 | \ \ "
31 5 10 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 2025 30 4 9 14 19 24 29 3
JUNE JULY AUGUST
Figure 4. Relative abundance of the Water Pipit in major habitats along census
transects, East Amatuli Island, Alaska, summer 1976. Vertical scale on right is number
of individuals.
205
Table 1. Number of individuals observed per census in each habitat type, East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, summer 1976.
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
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207
Table 2. Seasonal occurrence of birds on East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, 1976. Numbers are the number of days in which the species
was observed during a 5-day interval. Dashed lines indicate no observations of the species for the 5-day interval.
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
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Table 2 continued. Seasonal occurrence of birds on East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, 1976 .
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
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Hermit Thrush, Catharus guttatus
Table 2 continued. Seasonal occurrence of birds on East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, 1976.
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
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Song Sparrow, Melospiza melodia
Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus
Table 2 continued. Seasonal occurrence of birds on East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Alaska, 1976.
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
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Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
30
25
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JUNE JULY AUGUST
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Figure 5. Number of species and individuals in the major habitats of East Amatuli
Island, Alaska, during summer 1976. Upper line in each pair is number of individuals.
Lower line is number of species. Dashed line represents periods when no data were
taken .
212
LAND BIRDS ON THE BARREN ISLANDS
A severe storm front passed through the Barren Islands between 5
and 10 August and was immediately followed by the first large
southerly movement of migrants (Figure 5). At this time, large
numbers of Hermit Thrushes, Orange-crowned Warblers, Yellow
Warblers, Common Redpolls, Pine Siskins, Savannah Sparrows,
Fox Sparrows, Semipalmated Plovers, Spotted Sandpipers, Solitary
Sandpipers, Wandering Tattlers, Least Sandpipers, Western Sand-
pipers and Rough-legged Hawks visited the island. These migrants
used all the lowland habitats except crowberry and fellfields (Figure
5). Migrants were particularly abundant in the boulder, willow,
grassland-meadow, beach and dune habitats. Isolated spruces scat-
tered through parts of the grassland- meadow habitat were used for
cover by large numbers of sparrows and thrushes.
DISCUSSION
The low number of breeding land bird species on East Amatuli
Island is characteristic of structurally simple vegetation types. A
thorough study of Ushaget Island is necessary before a comparison
can be made of the avifauna of the entire Barren Islands group with
the neighboring mainland; however, since the distance to the Kenai
Peninsula is only 19 km, the unusual distribution patterns normally
associated with more isolated islands would not be anticipated.
There is only one somewhat peculiar feature of the Barren Island
avifauna. The absence of the Lapland Longspur is puzzling since
“adequate” habitat seems abundant in the Barren Islands. Murie
(1959) reported this species to be the most common passerine
throughout the Aleutian chain, Alaska Peninsula and adjacent
islands. Isleib and Kessel (1973) indicate that this species is “probably
a local breeder in the North Gulf Coast-Prince William Sound
region,” where Rausch (1958) found it breeding on Middleton
Island.
LITERATURE CITED
Bailey, E.P 1976. Breeding bird distribution and abundance in the Barren Islands,
Alaska. Murrelet 57:2-12.
Isleib, M E. and B. Kessel. 1973. Birds of the North Gulf Coast-Prince William Sound
region, Alaska. Biol. Pap. Univ. Alaska No. 14.
Manuwal, N.J. Vegetation of the Barren Islands, Alaska. Syesis in press.
Murie, O.J. 1959. Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula. N. Am. Fauna
No. 61.
Accepted 3 September 1979
213
Sketch by Steue Riddle
214
NOTES
USE OF NEST BOXES BY DIPPERS ON
SAGEHEN CREEK, CALIFORNIA
VERNON M. HAWTHORNE, University of California Sagehen Creek Field Station,
Box 939, Truckee, California 95734
The Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus ) is a fairly common breeding bird along streams of
the Sierra Nevada. Densities of four pairs per 1.6 km of stream have been recorded in
favorable situations (Grinnell and Miller 1944:328). On Sagehen Creek in eastern
California, 13 km north of Truckee, Nevada County, I found only one pair of Dippers
in 1974 and again in 1975, along 8 km of stream. Recessed rock faces of the sort
favored by Dippers for nesting are essentially non-existent along Sagehen Creek, and I
concluded that lack of nest sites might be limiting the population. Von Jost’s (1970)
report of successful use of nest boxes by European Dippers (C. cinclus) led to the pre-
sent experiment. Twelve boxes were erected along Sagehen Creek. All were built of
3 A inch plywood following the design (20 cm wide, 18 cm deep, 16 cm high) recom-
mended by von Jost. The boxes were numbered consecutively from the headwaters
downstream.
Figure 1. Nest box 1 with three young Dippers, almost ready to fledge, Sagehen
Creek, Nevada County, California, July 1975.
Western Birds 10: 215-216, 1979
215
NOTES
Nest box 1 was fastened 0.6 m above the water in a metal roadway culvert (Figure
1). Nest boxes 2, 3 and 6 were nailed to trees that had fallen across the creek. These
boxes were centered over the stream and varied from 0,3 - 0.6 m above the water.
Nest box 7 was secured 1.2 m above the water on the side of a building located on the
edge of the creek. Nest boxes 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 were nailed to trees as near to the edge
of the creek as possible. Nest boxes 11 and 12 were attached to the concrete wall of a
highway bridge, 1.2 m above the water.
In the 5 year period 1975-1979, seven broods totaling 21 Dippers fledged from
boxes 1, 7 and 11.
Nest Box 1 was installed 3 April 1975. Four eggs were found in the box, 10 June
1975. Three Dipper nestlings were banded 11 July. Two young banded Dippers were
observed feeding in the creek 15 July. Presumably the three nestlings fledged between
11 and 15 July. The box was not used in subsequent years. This upstream location is
generally under heavy snow when the Dippers start nesting in April.
Nest Box 7 was attached to a streamside building 1 May 1974. Three Dippers fledged
from the box 8 June 1975. On 27 May 1976, two eggs and two young were in the
box. The nest was intact but empty 8 June. One Dipper nestling was found dead in the
creek near the nest box. No renesting attempt was made that year. Nest building
began again 4 April 1977, and by 25 April five eggs were in the box. Four Dipper
nestlings were banded 24 May and fledged 6 June. On 27 April 1978 five eggs were in
the box. On 1 May the nest was partly destroyed and eggs removed by some predator.
On 4 May the pair of Dippers started to rebuild the nest. The second nesting effort was
successful, and four Dipper nestlings were banded 7 June and fledged 22 June. The
nest was occupied again 12 April 1979 and contained five eggs 25 April. Four of the
eggs hatched 10 and 11 May. During the night of 27 May the nest was raided by a
predator, presumably a Pine Marten (Martes americana) that was living in an adjoining
building. One live nestling was found and replaced in the nest. It fledged about 2
June.
Nest Box 11 was secured under a concrete highway bridge 15 March 1978. A nest
was nearly completed 8 April 1978 and four eggs were in the box on 27 April. Three
nestlings were banded 7 June and fledged between 7 and 11 June. On 30 April 1979
I found five eggs in the nest and on 16 May there were four young. Three of these
fledged between 19 and 21 June.
Other Nest Boxes . Nest box 3, nailed to a tree that had fallen across the creek, con-
tained a small amount of nesting material in the spring of 1977, but the nest was not
completed. None of the other boxes was used during the study period. It seems signifi-
cant that the only nest boxes used by Dippers were attached to vertical structures (in-
side a culvert, concrete bridge abutment, side of building) . No nest attached to a tree
was occupied, possibly because of vulnerability to predators.
The original population of one pair of nesting Dippers had at least doubled to two
pairs by 1978 and 1979. The population will continue to be monitored in future years.
I am grateful to A. Starker Leopold for advice during the study and for editorial
review of this note.
LITERATURE CITED
Grinnell, J. and A.H. Miller. 1944. The distribution of the birds of California. Pac.
Coast Avif. 27.
von Jost, O. 1970. Erfolgreiche Schutzmassnahmen in den Brutrevieren der
Wasseramsel ( Cinclus cinclus). Angewandte Ornithologie 3(3): 101-108.
Accepted 11 August 1979
216
NOTES
AN AZTEC THRUSH IN ARIZONA
DOUGLAS W. DANFORTH, Box 232, Bisbee, Arizona 85603
In the morning of 30 May 1978 I found an Aztec Thrush ( Ridgwayia pinicola) at
1700 m feeding on a wet dirt road at the bottom of Huachuca Canyon, Huachuca
Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, My field notes describe the bird thus:
“Sooty brown head, back, upper breast, and wings. Belly and lower breast white.
Breast has dark spots clustered along the cline between the brown hood and white
breast. Face with a hint of light malar streak and definite light stripe above the eye.
Wings with white spots in primaries and secondaries. Tail short and dark with white
spots at tip and white oval spots at the upper base next the rump. A black vertical
patch from the legs up to the side of the rump under the wings. Beak dark, legs and
feet pink.”
The bird fed robin-like in wet shady areas under sycamores (Platanus wrightii),
walnut ( Juglans major ) and evergreen oaks (Quercus emoryi, Quercus arizonica,
Quercus hypoleucoides) , turning over leaves and pecking in damp areas. Upon find-
ing what appeared to be large insect larvae, it would sometimes fly into a tree to eat its
meal, then drop down and resume feeding. It occasionally and unsuccessfully darted
after dragonflies. When not feeding it usually sat motionless in a tree or stood quietly
on the ground in the leafy litter by a large rock or tree trunk.
At first it was quite tame and fed almost constantly, which indicated to me that it had
just arrived. After a few days, no doubt partially because of the estimated 300 to 400
people who came to see it, the thrush became increasingly hard to find. It fed only in
the early morning and late afternoon, spending the rest of the day in a tree. Had it not
been for its call note, a raspy and buzzy “zrrip,” the thrush would have been hard to
find because it blended so well with the oak branches.
Figure 1. Aztec Thrush (Ridgwayia pinicola), Huachuca Canyon, Cochise Co.,
Arizona, 30 May 1978.
Western Birds 10: 217-218, 1979
Photo by George Beringer
217
NOTES
The bird disdained sunny areas. A seep that it used in the morning was never used
in the full sun of the afternoon. Other seeps always shaded were used at any time of
the day when it was feeding. It fed only in wet streamsides and seeps. The bird was not
seen after 12-13 June, when public access to Huachuca Canyon was barred by the
U.S. Army at Fort Huachuca due to the fire hazard. The thrush was not to be found
when the restriction was lifted in July.
Photographs of the bird taken by Charles W. McMoran and George Beringer are on
file in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona,
Tucson (UA Bird Collection 13651; Figure 1; Am. Birds 32:1042, 1978). This is the
second record of Aztec Thrush for Arizona, and the third for the United States. The
first Aztec Thrush recorded in the United States was an immature at Big Bend National
Park, Texas, 21 August 1977 (Wolf, Am. Birds 32:156-157, 1978) . The first Arizona
record was a female in Madera Canyon on 20 May 1978 (Witzeman et al. , Am. Birds
32:1042, 1978). This endemic Mexican species is known to range as far north in the
Sierra Madre Occidental as southwestern Chihuahua, about 750 km south of
Huachuca Canyon (Miller et al., Pac. Coast Avif. 33, 1957).
I wish to thank Gale Monson for his help in the preparation of this note.
Accepted 15 November 1979
218
NOTES
PINE CONES AS GRANARIES
FOR ACORN WOODPECKERS
JOSEPH R. JEHL., JR., Hubbs/Sea World Research Institute, 1700 South Shores
Road, San Diego, California 92109
Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) are well known for storing acorns in
communal storehouses or “granaries," which are usually in the trunk and main
branches of a large tree. Other locations are sometimes used (e.g., fence posts, eaves
of buildings), including sites from which the eventual retrieval of acorns is impossible
(hollow trees, through open windows of cabins; Ritter, Condor 23:1-14, 1921; Hen-
shaw. Condor 23:109-118, 1921; MacRoberts and MacRoberts, Ornithol. Monogr.
21, 1976). Under certain conditions holes or crevices of almost any size or shape may
be sufficient to “release” storage behavior (Ritter, Scientific Monthly 31:253-257,
1930; Gignoux, Condor 23:118-121, 1972) This note reports acorn storage in pine
cones. The location is particularly inappropriate because 1) the acorns are not
retrievable, and 2) the storage site itself is of an impermanent and transitory nature.
In early January 1976 Jack Reveal informed me that several Coulter Pine ( Pinus
coulteri) cones found on the ground near a campground at Warner Hot Springs (elev.
1460 m) , San Diego County, California, contained acorns. Because that area receives
much human use, it seemed possible that this might have resulted from play of
children On 28 January we visited the area and inspected approximately 400 fallen
cones in the area where the cones had been obtained Only one contained acorns (7).
It was found under a large isolated pine that stood near the middle of a meadow. The
adjacent hillsides were composed of a mixed pine-oak assemblage, which included
oaks of several species. Binocular inspection of attached cones — all well beyond the
reach of humans — revealed no acorns, but this was not surprising given the fact that
only upward-facing (and therefore unviewable) interstices might contain nuts.
Figure 1. Cone of Coulter Pine ( Pinus coulteri ) used for acorn storage. On the right,
two acorns (positioned for this photograph) can be seen between the scales.
Western Birds 10: 219-220, 1979
219
NOTES
With great inefficiency, revelry and diligence, we were eventually able to lasso four
cones by standing on the roof of a truck. Three of these contained approximately 50,
60 and 100 acorns (Figure 1); the exact number could not be determined because
some were lost as the cones crashed to the ground. All were of Coast Live Oaks
(Quercus agrifolia). The caps had been removed; some had slight scratches or pitting
on one end, presumably made by a. woodpecker’s bill. None showed evidence of hav-
ing been pounded into place. The triangular openings between the scales were large
(base, 10-25 mm; height, 10-15 mm; depth, ca. 40 mm), of more than sufficient size
to accept an acorn with no additional work Indeed, several large holes contained as
many as four acorns.
The depth of the openings, which was effectively increased by the recurved spines
on each scale, was such that most of the acorns were beyond the depth at which a
woodpecker could probe. By using forceps of several sizes, I tried to extract the
acorns. Failing completely, 1 obtained a pair of heavy scissors (15 cm blades), opened
the tips slightly, and pounded repeatedly on the cone. 1 succeeded in making a few
small dents but did not dislodge or loosen a scale. These experiments convinced me
that most of the acorns could have been retrieved by a bird or mammal only after the
cone had fallen or been destroyed.
On a subsequent trip in mid-March, ST. Bond and I established that the area was in-
habited by a single group of 5-6 woodpeckers. They concentrated their activities near
an apparent nest cavity in a snag atop a large Coast Live Oak near the edge of the
meadow. They were not particularly active, occasionally flycatching and sometimes
flying to the adjacent hillsides and returning with acorns. The granary was in a snag
atop a similar oak approximately 100 m from the “nest” tree. The Coulter Pine was
approximately 60 m from each of these trees and formed the apex of a roughly
equilateral triangle. In several hours, we never saw woodpeckers approach or land in
the pine or show any interest in fallen cones, although Bond saw one bird extract an
acorn from the granary and carry it to a nearby oak, where it was apparently stored.
Observations under the granary revealed that several slabs of bark and large branches
that had been used for storage had recently rotted and fallen to earth. W. Koenig
(Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Calif., Berkeley, 1978) reported that granaries are used tradi-
tionally and are not easily replaced, thus forming a limited resource for the
woodpecker. 1 suspect that the sudden shortage of suitable storage areas may have
caused the birds to seek elsewhere in the immediate vicinity and to use the preformed
holes in the cones. In years when acorn crops are large, the woodpeckers use sub-
optimal sites when the main storage areas are replete (W. Koenig pers. comm ).
It should be noted that the cones of Coultet Pines are exceptionally large, often ex-
ceeding 30 cm in length, and are the only ones that could accommodate acorns. W.
Koenig has pointed out that the ranges of the pine and woodpecker overlap broadly.
And since the cones may remain on the tree for a year or so after the scales open
widely, it is conceivable that some acorns could be recovered. Thus, what seems to
represent an interesting but biologically unimportant event may have broader
significance than we can presently imagine. Perhaps it will be worthwhile to examine
the interior of pine cones more closely. But, in my experience, it has been a little dif-
ficult to explain that you are “just looking for acorns.”
I am indebted to Dr. Koenig for his comments on the manuscript.
Accepted 4 June 1979
220
NOTES
ADDITIONS TO THE BIRDS
OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE
RICHARD C. CASTETTER, 1409 W. Picacho, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001
HERBERT O. HILL, P.O. Box 495, Mercury, Nevada 89023
Since the establishment of the Nevada Test Site (112 km NW of Las Vegas) in
1950, there has been only one comprehensive study of the birds in its 3,500 km 2 .
Hayward et al. (1963) published the first report, which resulted primarily from the col-
lection of 900 specimens. More recently, the birds in a Larrea-Ambrosia community of
southwestern NTS have been well documented by Herbert O. Hill (1971, 1972,
1973) under the International Biological Program /Desert Biome studies. The nature
of work carried on here by the Energy Research and Development Administration
(ERDA) makes it impossible to allow unrestricted access to ornithologistis.
A note by Banks and Hensen (1970) on some unusual birds at the Corn Creek Field
Station of the Desert National Wildlife Range (77 km SE of NTS) states that the Las
Vegas Valley may provide a natural flyway for migrating birds. If so, then NTS is a
likely stopover for many of them. Indeed, the construction of sewage holding ponds
and wells on NTS appears to have attracted many species and densities which would
otherwise not be expected in the area. Goldfish (Caross/us auratus and Notemigonus
crysoleucus) occur in many of the ponds and wells. Great Blue Herons (Ardea
herodias ) have been observed feeding on these fish. Certain other birds must also take
advantage of these stocked waters. We have seen as many as 191 waterfowl at one
time on the 2.9 ha Mercury sewage ponds, located at the southern tip of NTS,
The following additions represent several years of casual observation at NTS. In
future years more new species will undoubtedly be seen. Our records indicate that ap-
proximately 30 of the previously recorded 190 birds of NTS require revision as to
seasonal and/or breeding status. More field work should be done, particularly in the
northern portions of the Test Site.
Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus). Mercury sewage ponds (MSP),
one, March 1976 and one, March 1977.
Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) . One, MSP, 10-19 Aug 1977 (Lawson 1977: Figure 4).
Roseate Spoonbill ( Ajaia ajaja). One immature, MSP, 5-6 June 1977; first Nevada
record. Castetter approached bird to within 10 m and obtained several clear color
photographs (photos on file at Museum of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno;
Figure 1) . Bird had a slight pinkish wash over wings and showed darker, more exten-
sive pink on under wing coverts. On 6 June Susan Cochrane saw the spoonbill flying
NE over Mercury Ridge, 4 km from the sewage ponds.
Whistling Swan (O/or columbianus) . Rare winter visitor; two records for MSP: one
adult and one immature, 15 Nov 1972 and one immature, 5-7 Dec 1976.
Snow Goose {Chert caerulescens) . MSP, One, 12-22 Nov 1974 and two, 4 Apr
1977,
Gadwall (Anas strepera ). Uncommon winter visitor; we have kept records for only
two occurrences, both at MSP: 15 Nov 1975 (3 males, 9 females) and 29 Nov 1975
(1 male, 1 female).
Wood Duck (Arx sportsa). One pair, 4-8 Oct 1975.
Canvasback (Ayt/rya valisineria) . Common winter resident; records at MSP from
October through May.
Ring-necked Duck (A. eoltaris). Common winter resident; records at MSP from
September through April.
Common Merganser (Mergus merganser) . Two males, 11 Aug 1975; one female, 7
Apr 1975; one female, 18-20 Mar 1977; all at MSP.
Western Birds 10: 221-223, 1979
221
NOTES
Goshawk ( Accipiter gentilis). One immature, Shoshone Mountain, September
1976; status on NTS is unknown.
Bald Eagle (Halicieetus leucocephatus) . An adult spotted several times in Rock
Valley on 16 Feb 1977 was twice seen eating road kill Black-tailed Jackrabbits (Lepus
californicus) .
Peregrine Falcon ( Falco peregrinus). O’Farrell and Emery (1976:60) report a few
sightings at Yucca Flat. No dates are given. We consider this report doubtful.
Willet ( Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) . Singles, 21 May 1976, 22 Apr and 11 Aug
1977.
Franklin’s Gull ( Larus pipixcan). One immature collected, MSP, 4 Aug 1977
(Nevada State Museum 1671). This is the third specimen for Nevada (Lawson
1977:85).
Forster’s Tern ( Sterna forsteri). Singles, 7 and 25 June 1975 and 18 Aug 1977.
Caspian Tern (S. caspia). One, MSP, 23 Jun 1975.
Black Tern (Chlidonias niger). Two, 11 Aug 1975; five observations of single birds,
between 9 and 29 May 1977; six, 10 Aug 1977; all at MSP.
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher (Muscivora forficatci). One, MSP, 26 Jun 1975. Banks and
Hensen (1970) reported it at the Corn Creek Field Station nearly every year from
1960 to 1968.
Figure 1. Roseate Spoonbill (Ajaia ajaja). Mercury sewage ponds, Mercury, Nye
Co., Nevada, 6 June 1977.
Photo by Richard C. Castetter
222
NOTES
Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis). Fairly common on the mesas in
September, October and December; possibly an autumn and winter resident.
Canyon Wren ( Catherpes mexicanus ) . Fairly common in the higher elevations of
NTS; most likely a summer resident, although we have records only for March-May.
Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum). One, Mercury, 28 Sep 1975; color
photograph on file (Museum of Biology, Univ. Nevada, Reno). In recent years there
have been a number of sightings of this species in southern Nevada (Banks and
Hensen 1970).
Black-tailed Gnatcatcher ( Polioptila melanura) . One male and two females, Rock
Valley, 17 May 1971.
American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) . One male, Cane Springs, 21 May 1977.
Red Crossbill (Loxia curuirostra) . One, Ranier Mesa, 7 May 1977; status at NTS
unknown.
We wish to thank the following people for their help on this note: Chuck Lawson,
Auda Morrow, Michael P. Williams, Yvonne North and Linda Trevino.
LITERATURE CITED
Banks, R.C. and C.G. Hansen. 1970. Bird records from southern Nevada. Condor
72:109-110.
Hayward, C.L., M.L. Killpack and G.L. Richards. 1963. Birds of the Nevada Test
Site. Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull., Biol. Ser., Vol. 3, No. 1.
Hill, H.O. 1971. Birds. Pages 59-62 in F.B. Turner, ed. Rock Valley validation site
progress report. US/IBP Desert Biome Res. Memo. 71-2. Utah State Univ.,
Logan, Utah.
Hill, H.O. 1972. Birds. Pages 174-182 in F.B. Turner, ed. Rock Valley validation site
progress report. US/IBP Desert Biome Res. Memo. 72-2. Utah State Univ.,
Logan, Utah.
Hill, H.O. and T. Burr. 1973. Birds. Pages 51-55 in F.B. Turner, ed. Rock Valley
validation site progress report. US/IBP Desert Biome Res. Memo. 73-2. Utah
State Univ., Logan, Utah.
Lawson, C.S. 1977. Nonpasserine species new or unusual to Nevada. West. Birds
8:73-90
O’Farrell, T.P. and L.A. Emery. 1976. Ecology of the Nevada Test Site: a narrative
summary and annotated bibliography. NVO-167, Natl. Tech. Inform. Serv.,
Springfield, VA.
Accepted 7 June 1979
223
NOTES
FLAMMULATED OWL NESTING IN A SQUIRREL BOX
ROBERT N. HASENYAGER, JORDAN C. PEDERSON and ALBERT W. HEGGEN,
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, 1596 West North Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah
84116
On 1 July 1977 an adult and two downy young Flammulated Owls (Otus flam-
meolus) were discovered in an artificial nest box in southeastern Utah. The nest box
was 1 of 12 placed at various heights and exposures in selected Ponderosa Pines
( Pinus ponderosa) to determine if Abert Squirrels ( Sciurus aberti ) would use artificially
constructed nest sites. The boxes measured 30.5 cm x 30.5 cm x 50.8 cm, were
constructed of pine, had a hinged, sloping roof and a 6.4 cm diameter entrance hole
positioned 6.4 cm from the top of the box (Pederson et al., Habitat requirements of
the Abert Squirrel on the Monticello District, Manti-LaSal National Forest of Utah,
Utah Div. of Wildl. Res. Publ. No. 76-9, 108 p.). The occupied nest box was placed
against the trunk of the Ponderosa at a height of 12.5 m and faced northeast. The
tree, one of a clump of three left after the harvest, had a height of 19.8 m and a
diameter at breast height of 35.6 cm. Examination of this box in 1974-1977 showed
use by Abert Squirrels, Red Squirrels ( Tamiasciurus hudsonicus ) and Common
Flickers (Colaptes auratus). When the box was examined again on 17 October 1977,
no evidence of the adult or young was found. Successful fledging of the young is
assumed.
The box was in Ponderosa Pine and Gambel Oak (Quercus gambelii) habitat ap-
proximately 9.6 km west of Monticello, Utah. This section of forest had been selective-
ly harvested to open its canopy in the fall of 1973 and spring of 1975. The occurrence
of the species in the forest of Ponderosa Pine conflicts with Karalus and Eckert’s
statements (The owls of North America, Doubleday, Garden City, NY, 1974:160)
that the Flammulated Owl “avoids forest of Ponderosa Pine and areas of extensive
forest cutting,” but agrees with Winter’s findings (West. Birds 5:25-44, 1974) of close
association of these owls to Ponderosa Pine and Jeffrey Pine (P. jeffreyi) forests, in-
cluding second growth forest.
This constitutes the fourth record of this species nesting in Utah. Hayward (Wilson
Bull. 49:303-305, 1937) reported a female taken from a nest containing two downy
young at Mule Flat, Mount Timpanogos, Utah County, on 3 July 1937. Bee and
Hutchings (Great Basin Nat. 3:61-85, 1942) reported a female taken from a nest con-
taining fresh eggs at Mutual Dell, Mount Timpanogos, 3 June 1934. Mosher and Wof-
finden (Ph.D. Thesis, Brigham Young Univ., Provo, Utah, 1975) listed the third
record of Flammulated Owls breeding in Utah, but did not give the location of the
nest.
To our knowledge, the only other use of an artificial nest structure by Flammulated
Owls was in Bear Canyon in Arizona’s Santa Catalina Mountains. A pair of Flam-
mulated Owls was observed making feeding visits to a nest box at dusk. The box was
attached about 7 m from the ground on the southern side of a Ponderosa Pine,
(Steven M. Speich pers. comm.).
Accepted 21 October 1978
224
Western Birds 10: 224, 1979
INDEX, WESTERN BIRDS, VOLUME 10, 1979
Compiled by Mildred Comar
Accipiter cooperii, 3-15
gentilis, 3, 4, 7, 11-14, 222
striatus, 3-15
Actitis macutaria, 207, 213
Adams, John K. and Virgil E. Scott,
Timber harvest modification around an
active Osprey nest, 157-158
Aechmophorus occidentalis, 14, 52, 53
Aegolius acadicus, 69
funereus, 64
Aimophita cassirtii, 163-164, 185
ruficeps scottii, 45-46
Ainley, David G. and Bill Manolis, Occur-
rence and distribution of the Mottled
Petrel, 113-123
Aix sponsa, 221
Ajaia aiaja, 166, 221, 222
Akepa, 71-80
Albatross, Short-tailed, 172
Wandering, 171
Amakihi, 71-80
Amazilia verticals, 177
Ammodramus bairdii, 63
savannarum, 69, 164
Ammospiza caudacuta, 69, 185
leconteii, 63, 69, 184, 188
Anas cyanoptera, 96
diazi, 58
discors, 96
fulvigula, 58
penelope, 59
querquedula, 173
strepera, 221
Andrews, Robert, Colorado Field Or-
nithologists Official Records Committee
Report, 1976-1977, 57-70
Ani, Grove-billed, 58, 177
Anthus spinoletta, 203-206, 210, 211
spragueii, 62, 180
Antrim, Brooke, S., see Baltz, D.
Aphelocoma coerulescerts, 46
Aquila chrysaetos, 4-13, 205, 208
Ardea herodias, 221
Arenaria melanocephala, 207
Asio flammeus, 205, 208
Atwood, Jonathan L., Robbery of nesting
materials by the Calliope Humming-
bird, 43-44'
Auklet, Cassin’s, 52
Parakeet, 189-200
Rhinoceros, 52, 193, 196
Ay thy a coilaris , 221
fuligula, 173
valisineria, 221
Baltz, Donald M., G. Victor Morejohn and
Brooke S. Antrim, Size selective preda-
tion and food habits of two California
terns, 17-24
Baptista, Luis F., see Wells, S.
Bartramia longicauda, 175
Binford, Laurence C., Fall migration of
diurnal raptors at Pt. Diablo, California,
1-16
Blackbird, Rusty, 184, 211
Bonasa umbellus, 58
Booby, Masked (Blue-faced), 172
Red-footed, 172
Brachyramphus brevirostris, 186
Brant, 173
Branta bernicla hrota, 173
canadensis, 159-162
Bubulcus ibis, 37-41, 59, 221
Bunting Lark, 164
Painted, 184
Snow, 185
Varied, 184
Bushtit, 46
Buteo albonotatus, 174
jamaicensis, 3-15
lagopus, 4-14, 208, 209, 213
lineatus, 3-15, 59
platypterus , 4-15, 64, 174
regalis, 4, 8, 12, 14
swatnsoni, 4-14
Butorides striatus, 59
Calamospiza melanocorys, 164
Caicarius lapponicus , 210, 211, 213
Calidris acuminata, 58, 86-91, 175
ferruginea, 175
fuscico Ill's, 175
mauri, 213
melanotos, 86-91
minutilla, 207, 213
pusilla, 175
Calonectris leucomelas , 172
Calypte costae, 143
Western Birds 10: 225-231, 1979
225
Campbell, R. Wayne, see Sealy, S.
Canvasback, 221
Capella gallinago, 207
Cardellina rubrifrons, 183
Cardiff, Steven, see Remsen, J.
Carduelis fiammea, 206, 211, 213
pinus, 206, 211, 213
Carpodacus purpureus, 63
Castetter, Richard C. and Herbert O. Hill,
Additions to the birds of the Nevada
Test Site, 221-223
Catbird, Gray, 179
Cathartes aura, 3-15, 125-130
Catharus fuscescens, 180
guttatus, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213
minimus, 61, 70, 206, 210
Catherpes mexicanus, 61, 223
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus, 222
Cerorhinca monocerata, 52, 193, 196
Charadrius alexandrinus, 69
melodus, 60, 174, 175
semipalmatus, 207, 213
uociferus, 86, 91, 92
Chaetura sp., 61
Chen caerulescens, 221
rossii, 59
Chlidonias niger, 222
Cinclus mexicanus, 215-216
Circus cyaneus, 3-15
Cistothorus platensis, 61
Coccyzus erythropthalmus, 177
Colaptes auratus, 61, 224
Conant, Sheila, see Scott, J.
Conover, Michael R., Bruce C. Thomp-
son, Richard E. Fitzner and Don E.
Miller, Increasing populations of Ring-
billed and California gulls in
Washington State, 31-36
Conry, Jeanne A., see Webb, B.
Contopus pertinax, 179
sordid ulus, 206, 208
virens, 179
Cord, Bart and Joseph R. Jehl, Jr.,
Distribution, biology, and status of a
relict population of Brown Towhee
(Pipilo fuscus eremophilus), 131-156
Cormorant, Double-crested, 221
Corvus corax, 203, 205, 208, 209
Creeper, Hawaiian, 71-80
Crossbill, Red, 223
White-winged, 205, 206, 210, 211
Crotophaga sulcirostris, 58, 177
Cuckoo, Black-billed, 177
Cyanocitta cristata, 179
cristata x stelleri, 65
Cyclorrhynchus psittacula, 189-200
Cygnus bewickii, 172
columbianus, 172, 173
Cynanfhus latirostris, 178
Danforth, Douglas W., Aztec Thrush in
Arizona, An, 217-218
Davis, Deborah, Morning and evening
roosts of Turkey Vultures at Malheur
Refuge, Oregon, 125-130
Dendrocygna autumnalis, 173
Dendroica castanea, 182
cerulea, 181
discolor, 62, 66
dominica, 62, 181, 182
fusca, 69
graciae, 182
nigrescens, 46
occidentals, 62
pensylvanica, 182
petechia, 206, 210-213
pinus, 62, 183
tigrina, 62, 181
virens, 181
Dickcissel, 69
Diomedia albatrus, 172
exulans, 171
Dipper, 215-216
Dotterel, 92-94, 174
Dove, White-winged, 60
Dowitcher, Long-billed, 86
Short-billed, 60
Duck, Harlequin, 59, 64, 207
Mexican, 58
Mottled, 58
Ring-necked, 221
Tufted, 173
Wood, 221
Dumetella carolinensis, 179
Dunn, Jon, see Luther, J.
Eagle, Bald, 13, 205, 208, 209, 222
Golden, 4-13, 205, 208
Egret, Cattle, 37-41, 59, 221
Snowy, 38
Egretta thula, 38
Eider, King, 174
Spectacled, 186
Elanus leucurus, 3-15, 165
Ellis, David H and Gale Monson, White-
tailed Kite records for Arizona, 165
Empidonax alnorum, 69
minimus, 179
traillii, 185
226
Endomychura craueri, 25
hypoleuca, 25, 28
h. hypoleuca, 81-82
h. scrippsi, 81-82
Eremophila alpestris, 206, 208
Eudocimus a/bus, 172
Eudromias morinellus, 92-94, 174
Euphagus carolinus, 184, 211
Faanes, Craig A., Bruce A. Hanson and
Harold A. Kantrud, Cassin’s Sparrow - first
record for Wyoming and recent range ex-
tensions, 163-164
Falco columbarius, 13, 205, 209
mexicanus, 4, 5, 7, 13
peregrinus, 4-14, 203, 205, 208, 209,
222
sparverius , 3-15
Falcon, Peregrine, 4-14, 203, 205, 208,
209, 222
Prairie, 4, 5, 7, 13
Finch, Black Rosy, 184
Gray-crowned Rosy, 203, 204, 206, 210,
211
Purple, 63
Fitzner, Richard E., see Conover, M.
Flicker, Common, 61, 224
Florida caerulea, 59
Flycatcher, Alder, 69
Coues’, 179
Great Crested, 178
Least, 179
Olivaceous, 178
Scissor-tailed, 222
Sulphur-bellied, 178
Vermilion, 61, 69
Willow, 185
Fratercula corniculata, 177, 196
Fregata magnificens, 172
Frigatebird, Magnificent, 172
Fulmar, Northern, 49-56, 121
Fulmarus glacialis, 49-56, 121
Gad wall, 221
Garganey, 173
Gavia adamsii, 96, 171
arctica, 52, 53, 59
stellata, 59
Gnatcatcher, Black-tailed, 223
Blue-gray, 43, 46
Godwit, Bar- tailed, 176
Hudsonian, 60
Goose, Canada, 159-162
Snow, 221
Ross’, 59
Goshawk, 3, 4, 7, 11-14, 222
Grackle, Common, 184
Great-tailed, 63
Grebe, Red-necked, 52
Western, 14, 52, 53
Grouse, Ruffed, 58
Gull, Black-headed, 177
Black-tailed, 186
California, 14, 31-36
Franklin’s, 222
Glaucous-winged, 52, 193, 207
Herring, 55
Iceland, 58
Laughing, 60
Lesser Black-backed, 58, 177
Little, 60, 177
Mew, 52, 207
Ring-billed, 31-36, 42
Thayer’s, 60
Western, 52, 53
Haematopus bachmani, 193, 208, 209
palliatus, 174
Flaliaeetus leucocephalus, 13, 205, 208,
209, 222
Hanson, Bruce A., see Faanes, C.
Harrington-Tweit, Bill, seabird die-off on
the Washington coast in mid-winter,
1976, A, 49-56
Hasenyager, Robert N., Jordan C. Peder-
son and Albert W. Heggen, Flam-
mulated Owl nesting in a squirrel box,
224
Hawk, Broad-winged, 4-15, 64, 174
Cooper’s, 3-15
Ferruginous, 4, 8, 12, 14
Marsh, 3-15
Red-shouldered, 3-15, 59
Red-tailed, 3-15
Rough-legged, 4-14, 208, 209, 213
Sharp-shinned, 3-15
Swainson’s, 4-14
Zone-tailed, 174
Hawthorne, Vernon M., Use of nest boxes
by Dippers on Sagehen Creek, Califor-
nia, 215-216
Heggen, Albert W., see Hasenyager, R.
Flelmitheros uermivorus , 62, 181
Henderson, Philip, Dotterel on Southeast
Farallon Island, California, A, 92-94
Heron, Black-crowned Night, 38
Great Blue, 221
Green, 59
Little Blue, 59
Louisiana, 59, 67
Heteroscelus incanus, 213
227
Hill, Herbert O., see Castetter, R.
Histrionicus histrionicus, 59, 64, 207
Hummingbird, Allen’s, 83-85
Blue-throated, 61, 177, 178
Broad-billed, 178
Calliope, 43-44, 69
Costa’s, 143
Violet-crowned, 177
Hydranassa tricolor, 59, 67
Ibis, White, 172
Icterus galbula, 69
parisorum , 63
pustulatus, 184
Ictinia mississippiensis, 3, 4, 12, 174
Iridoprocne bicolor, 205, 206, 208, 209
Ixoreus naeuius, 61, 206, 208, 209
Jaeger, Parasitic, 60
sp., 60
Jay, Blue, 179
Blue x Steller’s, 65
Scrub, 46
Jehl, Joseph R,, Jr., Pine cones as
granaries for Acorn Woodpeckers,
219-220; see Cord, B.
Kantrud, Harold A., see Faanes, C.
Kestrel, American, 3-15
Killdeer, 86, 91, 92
Kingbird, Thick-billed, 178
Kingfisher, Belted, 205, 209
Kinglet, Golden-crowned, 206, 211
Ruby-crowned, 206, 211
Kite, Mississippi, 3, 4, 12, 174
White- tailed, 3-15, 165
Kittiwake, Black-legged, 49-56, 60, 207
Lampronetta fischeri, 186
Lampornis clemenciae, 61, 177, 178
Lark, Horned, 206, 208
Larus argentatus, 55
atricilla, 60
calif ornicus, 14, 31-36
canus, 52, 207
crassirostris, 186
delawarensis, 31-36, 42
fuscus, 58, 177
glaucescens, 52, 55, 193, 207
glaucoides, 58
minutus, 60, 177
occidentalis, 52
pipixcan, 222
ridibundus, 177
thayeri, 60
Lawson, C.S., Nevada records of Roseate
Spoonbill, 166
Leucosticte atrata, 184
tephrocotis, 203, 204, 206, 210, 211
Lidicker, W.Z., Jr. and F.C. McCollum,
Canada Goose established as a
breeding species in San Francisco Bay,
159-162 1
Limnodromus griseus, 60
scolopaceus, 86
Limosa haemastica, 60
lapponica, 176
Longspur, Lapland, 210, 211, 213
Loon, Arctic, 52, 53, 59
Red-throated, 59
Yellow-billed, 96, 171
Loxia curvirostra, 223
leucoptera, 205, 206, 210, 211
Loxops coccineus,
coccineus, 71-80
maculatus maria, 71-80
uireris Virens, 71-80
Lunda cirrhata, 52, 196
Luther, John S., Guy McCaskie and Jon
Dunn, Third report of the California
Bird Records Committee, 169-187
Manolis, Bill, see Ainley, D,
Manuwal, David A. and Naomi J.
Manuwal, Habitat specific behavior of
the Parakeet Auklet in the Barren
Islands, Alaska, 189-200; Habitat
utilization and migration of land birds
on the Barren Islands, Alaska, 201-213
Manuwal, Naomi J., see Manuwal, D.
Martin, Purple, 61
McCaskie, Guy, see Luther, J.
McCollum, F.C., see Lidicker, W.
Meadowlark, Eastern, 62
Megaceryle alcyon, 205, 209
Melanerpes erythrocephalus, 61
formicivorus, 219-220
Melanitta deglandi, 50-55, 59
nigra, 59
perspicillata, 52, 59
Melospiza lincolnii, 206, 211
melodia, 206, 210, 211
Merganser, Common, 221
Mergus merganser, 221
Merlin, 13, 205, 209
Miller, Don E., see Conover, M.
Miller, Gary C., and Ronald A. Ryder,
Cattle Egret in Colorado, 37-41
Monson, Gale, see Ellis, D.
Morejohn, G. Victor, see Baltz, D.
Murray, Kelvin G., see Winnett, K.
228
Murre, Common, 25, 28, 49-56, 196
Thick-billed, 177
Murrelet, Ancient, 25-30
Craveri’s, 25
Kittlitz’s, 186
Xantus’, 25, 28, 81-82
Muscivora forficata, 222
Myiarchus crinitus, 178
tuberculifer, 178
Myioborus pictus, 183
Myiodynastes luteiuentris, 178
Nuthatch, Pygmy, 61, 77
Red-breasted, 223
Nyctea scandiaca, 177
Nycticorax nycticorax, 38
Oceanites oceanicus, 172
Oceanodroma furcata, 51, 52
leucorhoa, 52
Oenanthe oenanthe, 206, 210
Olor columbianus, 221
Oporornis agilis, 183
formosus, 66, 183
Philadelphia, 183
Oriole, Northern, 69
Scott’s, 63
Streak-backed (Scarlet-headed), 184
Osprey, 4-13, 157-158
Otus flammeolus , 224
Owl, Boreal, 64
Flammulated, 224
Saw-whet, 69
Short-eared, 205, 208
Snowy, 177
Spotted, 61, 67
Oystercatcher, American, 174
Black, 193, 208, 209
Pandion haliaetus, 4-13, 157-158
Parula americana , 69, 181
Parula, Northern, 69, 181
Parus inornatus, 46
Passcrculus sandwichensis, 203, 204,
206, 210, 211, 213
Passerella iliaca, 206, 210, 211, 213
Passerina ciris, 184
versicolor, 184
Pederson, Jordan C., see Hasenyager, R.
Petrel, Mottled (Scaled), 51, 52, 113-124,
170
Pewee, Eastern Wood, 179
Western Wood, 206, 208
Phalacrocorax auritus, 221
Phalaropus fulicarius, 60, 64
Phalarope, Red, 60, 64
Philomachus pugnax, 58, 176
Phoebe, Eastern, 61, 179
Say's, 209
Picoides scalaris, 61
Pipilo chlorurus, 133
erythrophthalmus, 150
fuscus carolae, 131, 150, 153
/. eremophilus, 131-156
/. mesoleucus, 147
/. petulans, 143
/. senicula, 143
Pipit, Sprague’s, 62, 180
Water, 203-206, 210, 211
Piranga olivacea, 63, 184
rubra, 63, 69
Plectrophenax nivalis, 185
Plover, Piping, 60, 174, 175
Semipalmated, 207, 213
Snowy, 69
Podiceps grisegena, 52
Polioptila caerulea, 43, 46
melanura, 223
Pratt, H, Douglas, see Scott, J.
Progne subis, 61
Protonotaria citrea, 62, 180
Psaltriparus minimus, 46
Pterodroma inexpectata, 51, 52, 113-124
Ptychoramphus aleuticus, 52
Puffin, Horned, 177, 196
Tufted, 52, 196
Puffinus griseus, 51, 55
tenuirostris, 55, 172
Pyrocephalus rubinus, 61, 69
Pyrrhuloxia, 184
Pyrrhuloxia sinuata, 184
Quiscalus mexicanus, 63
quiscula, 184
Rail, King, 58, 65
Rallus elegans, 58, 65
Raven, Common, 203, 205, 208, 209
Redpoll, Common, 206, 211, 213
Redstart, American, 223
Painted, 183
Regulus calendula, 206, 211
satrapa, 206, 211
Remsen, J.V,, Jr. and Steven Cardiff,
First records of the race scottii of the
Rufous-crowned Sparrow in California,
45-46
Ridgwayia pinicola, 217-218
Riparia riparia, 206, 208, 209
Rissa tridactyla, 49-56, 60, 207
Robin, American, 205, 209
Rufous-backed, 180
Ruff, 58, 176
229
Ryder, Ronald A., see Miller, G.
Sandpiper, Buff -breasted, 60, 176
Curlew, 175
Least, 207, 213
Pectoral, 86-91
Semipalmated, 175
Sharp-tailed, 58, 86-91, 175-
Solitary, 213
Spotted, 207, 213
Upland, 175
Western, 213
White-rumped, 175
Sayornis phoebe, 61, 179
saya, 209
Scoter, Black, 59
Surf, 52, 59
White- winged, 50-55, 59
Scott, J. Michael, Sheila Conant and H.
Douglas Pratt, Field identification of the
Hawaiian Creeper on the island of
Hawaii, 71-80
Scott, Virgil E,, see Adams, J.
Sealy, Spencer G. and R. Wayne Camp-
bell, Posthatching movements of
young Ancient Murrelets, 25-30
Se/urus motacilla, 62, 182
Selasphorus sasin sedentarius, 83-85
Setophaga ruticilla, 223
Shearwater, Short-tailed, 55, 172
Sooty, 51, 55
Streaked, 172
Siskin, Pine, 206, 211, 213
Sitta canadensis, 223
pygmaea, 61, 77
Snipe, Common, 207
Somateria spectabiiis, 174
Sparrow, Baird’s, 63
Brewer’s, 163-164
Cassin’s, 163-164, 185
Fox, 206, 210, 211, 213
Golden-crowned, 203, 204, 206, 210,
211
Grasshopper, 69, 164
Le Conte’s, 63, 69, 184, 188
Lincoln’s, 206, 211
Rufous-crowned, 45-46
Savannah, 203, 204, 206, 210, 211,
213
Sharp-tailed, 69, 185
Song, 206, 210, 211
White-crowned, 206, 210
Spiza americana, 69
Spizella breweri, 163-164
Spoonbill, Roseate, 166, 221, 222
Steilula calliope, 43-44, 69
Stercorarius parasiticus, 60
sp., 60
Sterna caspia, 17-24, 68, 222
forsteri, 17-24, 222
Storm-Petrel, Fork-tailed, 51, 52
Leach’s, 52
Wilson’s, 172
Strix occidentalis, 61, 67
Sturnella magna, 62
Sula dactylatra, 172
leucogaster, 185
sula, 172
Swallow, Bank, 206, 208, 209
Tree, 205, 206, 208, 209
Violet-green, 206, 208, 209
Swan, Bewick’s, 172
Tundra, 173
Whistling, 172, 173, 221
Swift sp., 61
Synthliboramphus antiquus, 25-30
Tachycineta tha/assina, 206, 208, 209
Tanager, Scarlet, 63, 184
Summer, 63, 69
Tattler, Wandering, 213
Teal, Blue-winged, 96
Cinnamon, 96
Tern, Black, 222
Caspian, 17-24, 68, 222
Forester’s, 17-24, 222
Thompson, Bruce C., see Conover, M.
Thrasher, Brown, 223
Curved-billed, 61, 179
Thrush, Aztec, 217-218
Gray cheeked, 61, 206, 210
Hermit, 205 209, 213
Varied, 61, 206-209
Thryomanes bewickii, 45
Titmouse, Plain, 46
Towhee, Brown, Inyo, 131-156
Green-tailed, 133
Rufous-sided, 150
Toxostoma curvirostre, 61, 179
ru/um, 223
Tringa solitaria, 213
Troglodytes aedon, 61
troglodytes , 203-209
Tryngites subruficollis, 60, 176
Turdus migratorius, 205, 209
rufopalliatus, 180
Turnstone, Black, 207
Tyrannus crassirostris, 178
Uria aalge, 25, 28, 49-56, 196
lomvia, 177
230
Veery, 180
Vermivora celata, 83, 206, 210, 211, 213
chrysoptera, 62, 69, 181
pinus, 62
sordida, 83
Vireo, Gray, 46
Philadelphia, 62, 180
Red-eyed, 180
White-eyed, 62
Yellow-green, 180
Yellow-throated, 62, 180
Vireo flavifrons, 62, 180
flavouiridis, 180
griseus, 62
olivaceus, 180
philadelphicus, 62, 180
vicinior, 46
Vulture, Turkey, 3-15, 125-130
Warbler, Bay-breasted, 182
Blackburnian, 69
Black-throated Gray, 46
Black-throated Green, 181
Blue- winged, 62
Canada, 62, 183
Cape May, 62, 181
Cerulean, 181
Chestnut-sided, 182
Connecticut, 183
Golden-winged, 62, 69, 181
Grace’s, 182
Hermit, 62
Hooded, 183
Kentucky, 66, 183
Mourning, 183
Orange-crowned, 83, 206, 210, 211, 213
Pine, 62, 183
Prairie, 62, 66
Prothonotary, 62, 180
Red-faced, 183
Wilson’s, 206, 210, 211
Worm-eating, 62, 181
Yellow, 206, 210-213
Yellow-throated, 62, 181, 182
Waterthrush, Louisiana, 62, 182
Webb, Bruce E., and Jeanne A, Conry,
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper in Colorado, with
notes on plumage and behavior, A, 86-91
Wells, Shirley and Luis F. Baptista,
Breeding of Allen’s Hummingbird
( Selasphorus sasin sedentarius ) on the
southern California mainland, 83-85
Wheatear, 206, 210
Whistling-Duck, Black-bellied, 173
White-eye, Japanese, 72, 73, 75, 78
Wigeon, European, 59
Willet, 222
Wilsonia canadensis , 62, 183
citrina, 183
pusilla, 206, 210, 211
Wingfield, John C,, see Winnett, K.
Winnett, Kathy A., Kelvin G. Murray and
John C. Wingfield, Southern race of Xan-
tus’ Murrelet breeding on Santa Barbara
Island, California, 81-82
Woodpecker, Acorn, 219-220
Ladder-backed, 61
Red- headed, 61
Wren, Bewick’s, 45
Canyon, 61, 223
House, 61
Short-billed Marsh, 61
Winter, 203-209
Zenaida asiatica, 60
Zonotrichia atricapilla, 203, 204, 206,
210, 211
leucophrys, 206, 210
Zosterops japonicus, 72, 73, 75, 78
231
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232
Volume 10. Number 4, 1979
- -
Third Report oi the California Bird Records Committee
John S Luther. Curl,' McCa&kic and Jon Dunn 169
Habitat SpeCFfic Beliavitir oi (fie Ptirokircl AukJel in the
Barren (stands, Alaska
.
Doi'/cf A Mamtwa\ and Nuotm J a McrmiaitJi 1 189
Habitat Util teas tori mid Migranun □£ Land Bind*, on the
Barren Islands., Alaska Duuld A Manmvoi and
Naomi J . Manuumf 20 1
NOTES
Use of Nesi Boxe-? by E uppers on Sa^ehen Creek,
California Vernon M. I'fomihome 2 J 5
An Aztec Thrush In Arizona Douglas IV Danhrth 217
Pines Cones as Granaries lot Acorn Woodpitrk^ts
Joseph R Jeht Jr . £19
Additions to the birds gf the Nevada Tctsi Site
Rfrhnrd C. Casietm and Herbert O. Hff/ 221
Rammulated Owl Nesting in u SqutrreE Box Robert N
H use n yager Jordan C Pederson and A/ber? IV Heggen 224
INDEX Mildred Com ™ 223
Mfiiiuscrlftsti ittiouLd he wnt iu Alan frt Wlnainn Way, CJurmlthnd, QA
95608 . Far rn&rtMs erf -ifyki canmll Suggestions io Gtmfrjbukui to Western Birds E 6
PP rtilrtieo aviiilablir at no Cdlr from tint Erlllra) and C < hjw^ of B&iks^y Editum Sf|tIW
Marumi 4 th t^ilEkin. 1970 IdVdHiibk Proto \he American J n ?.t 1 1 u r k- erf Biolcxmiil
Sciences. MS 01 W&leon Bciu^vhfd, Arlington, VA £2209 hpr 512 * 10 )
Papen ate desired ( 3 iat aro based! i spoil rield studio erf hind'; ifias nr. bold nr.d- i .linid
abte and u-wdui I ... li 1 1 kw uni,, and I tin I make ■ fft^lfkastf Catitribu Umi to -.■di'rinih.
Jirerftnur-ir Apnn'pnats kiprcs include diminution, nUgraUDn . -statiM, bfflhaVJnr
ecology, population dynamics. habrJEat ipqpfatmini I* , die effect# uf pN 0 tHuAo.n« rJhe-
fcKhniqtJSH jx>r irb « 1 1 ri IvLng , i-fiStiMnil, s^uiid KEmnUng pud photographing birds tn the
Ek- !d Pa|i*’n i «F gnnrr.il merest will tit curiiklmrfld fttgardbss «rf tW - Ir c.* n^rap h ir rrtglr
but pmumlrtirl-, debited: nv papers draHrly with studies accomplished In or bearing nr.
Hock* Mountain states and provinces Mttwerd mdudmg Alaska nnd Hawaii; ndp
uwffit pCfttons of die FfcclFir Ocean and MmJc-n, and wnlcrn lexn %
Autboif mv iwmihM SCI hrn reprint! of tLath paper. Additional u>prjctfi ■ *n lw
ordered ai author's expense from the HdUnr wth-fl proof b n- turned Oi coriler
Coot! phtih.igiaplH. irf tare tint] unusual hinds, unocccimpanted |>y an artiuk bum wilU
caption Indudiny iped|Hs r dale, loeabty *nd cHtiiPT prrdrffint Ififom^iinn, ihoukl tie
submltied' tp Stepjurfi A. Lflyman, 3290 Ackley Rood, Lakapnrt, C.A 954 B&-