0 aaa a es. aoe THE WILTSHIRE Areheologieal ant Hatural Brstory MAGAZINE, | Mublished under the Direction of the Society FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, A.D. 1853. VOL. XXXV. 1907—1908. DEVIZES: C. H. Woopwarp, 4, St. JoHN STREET. DrcEMBER, 1908. CONTENTS OF VOL. XXXV. No, CVII. - Junz, 1907. PAGE Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton, near Marl- borough: By Mrs. M. E. CUNNINGTON ........ Tithe Barn, Place Farm, Tisbury; By E. Towry Waves FE. S. KE eaeat a1 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere: Transcribed by T. H. Baker 23 The Priory of Marcigny and its Connexion with Wiltshire ............. 93 The Conversion of Mary Hurll, Lace-Maker’s Apprentice at Marl- borough, 1675: with her Indentures, 21 June, 1671; By THE Rev. Cur. WorpswortH, M.A. bee 5) LS Note on the Fossil Remains af a . Plosioaaticnd from Savernake: By 'ToMmAS/ CODBINGTON, Mi. Inst. C.H., PiGiS. ccs..0cce-saveecewanecee ses 114 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts; By G. F. Hrut ...... 115 A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts; By H. St. GEorGE GRAV ihe scrctesesnerenectc Wenecaticlecsstosiets isceceteouessee necemestseeea seem 132 INTO LOB) acawehceade evae sy sa vdaeme needa teat ine signet tev vateaesiesiag saheee eee 146 Bird NOtee ceresaracdsetesacns Seadoo atonk vsis'vadew ate oe s\se Gr ttas'e Coen: aren 150 iWaltis! OUituapyy. ce-» > By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. eet No. 7. One hundred and fifty small flat circular beads of jet or shale (only one hundred and forty-four are represented here, as six are preserved in a piece of clay, as found.? No. 7a. Largest bead. No. 78. Smallest bead. No. 7c. Fossil encrinite used as a bead. No. 8. Five small much decayed amber beads. Not illustrated. No. 9. Small square tanged bronze awl, length 2in. No. 10. Small tanged bronze awl. Curiously the two points are in wonderful preservation and quite sharp, while the central part is much decayed. Length 1jin. No. 11. Tanged awl of bronze, length 34in. No. 12. Small bronze dagger blade. It is too much corroded to see any ornamentation if it ever had any. The two rivets are still init. Length 14#in. No. 13. Three beads found together at the feet of the skeleton. 14a is of black shale or jet, and fluted; 138 is of some pinkish substance resembling soft stone.” It is irregularly shaped, and has such a large perforation as to be almost better described as a ring than as a bead; the third is white and very soft and fragile, and much resembles chalk in substance. This last was in fragments and is not illustrated. No. 14. A perfect’ specimen of a “Grape” Cup. It has five rows of knobs, and seventeen small perforations or holes pierced through and these are pierced at irregular distances. The perforations are placed between the second row of knobs, and as the knobs are not very regular, a hole seems to have been made only between such as afforded a convenient space. The ware is a brownish outside, but where chipped it shows quite black. Height 24hin., rim diameter 2in., base diameter 24in. ‘Beads apparently identical with these have been found, by Canon eenwell, British Barrows, p. 419, fig. 159; by J. R. Mortimer, ‘‘ Burial lounds of East Yorkshire,” p. 188, pl. XLIV.; ibid, p. 223, pl. LXXVIL. ; at Lake, Ancient Wilts, p. 210, Stourhead Cat., No. 172b. 2 See Stourhead Cat., No. 173, and Ancient Wilts, p. 211, for an identical gad from Lake. 10 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. No. 15. This small rude cup-like vase should perhaps be classed as belonging to the type known as “incense cups.” It is decorated with a series of small oblong punctures in would-be vertical rows, the rows are fairly straight at first, but the artist seems soon to have got into difficalties, and the lines become increasingly slanting until they are at such an angle that they never reach the bottom at all, and are allowed half-way down the side to merge into the other lines. The more perfect portion of the rim is } of an inch in width, and has been decorated with a chevron pattern of lines drawn from edge to edge; the triangular spaces between the lines have punctured dots in them, and these dots and lines appear to have been filled in with some white stuff as if for the purpose of making the pattern stand out more clearly. Canon Greenwell mentions a somewhat similar case, where a pattern seems to have been em- phasised by means of a white substance filling in the lines on an incense cup from a barrow at Aldbourne, Wilts.’ One half of the cup is much more crumbly and decayed than the other; from this part the white filling is absent and the edges are blackened as if it had been in a fire, and more affected by it on one side than the other. It would seem that the crudeness of the ornamentation could only have been the result of sheer carelessness, or of an in- telligence and skill equal to that of a child. No. 16. Piece of clay showing impressed pattern of cloth. No. 17. Nine feet almost due south of the skeleton and 1ft. 2in. below the present surface, a vessel of the cinerary urn type was disclosed. It had been crushed into several pieces by the weight of the earth above, and was also slightly damaged by the workman’s pick; it has, however, been repaired and is now complete. It stood in an upright position, but with no signs of ashes or of burnt material of any sort inside it, nor was there any sign of an in- terment, burnt or unburnt, near it.?, Immediately beneath it the 1 Archeologia, LII., p. 58. The same peculiarity may be seen on a drinking cup from Roundway Down, in the Museum at Devizes. 2 Canon Greenwell says: ‘‘In a few instances a sepulchral vase has occurred in a barrow not in close proximity with any interment,” British Barrows, p. 61. No. 14. INCENSE CUP. GRAPE Cup. Actual size. Actual size. ol #. i _- By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 11 earth was a little reddened and discoloured as if by fire, and there were a few specks of charcoal; but the traces of fire were slight, and quite local. The vessel might be chosen as typical of a cinerary urn from its general shape and heavy overhanging rim, which latter feature Canon Greenwell says may be regarded as the principal characteristic of this class of urn.t But in spite of its form, as it contained no bones or ashes, one is forced to the con- elusion that it may have served the purpose of a food vessel, and that it had probably contained some form of food offering made to the dead at some time subsequent to the burial, and during or after the piling up of the barrow. There are several recorded instances where urns of a characteristic cinerary type have apparently been used to contain food offerings instead of the more usual form of food vessel or drinking cup ;? there are also instances where the food offering appears to have been placed at a considerable distance from the resting-place of him to whose service it was dedicated.® About a foot beneath the urn there were a few broken and much decayed bones, about one-half in quantity and similar in character to those found in front of the skeleton; this gave rise to the hope that there was another interment somewhere near, but the hope proved groundless, and it seems possible that this had also been a food offering of a date later than that of the burial. The Grape Cup was found behind the neck within a few inches of the shoulders—so close, indeed, that some of the vertebrae had 1 British Barrows,” p. 68. 2**On Langton Wold, and in a few cases, a vessel which is in every respect of form and ornament a cinerary urn was placed close to an unburnt body,” British Barrows, p. 62. “ Not infrequently a food vessel is of the cinerary urn type, though its size is that of an ordinary food vessel. And in rare instances a real cinerary urn, both in size and type, seems to have been used as a food vessel, and placed near a heap of burnt bones, and not containing them,” J. R. Mortimer, Burial Mounds of East Yorkshire, p. liv. 3 Mr. J. R. Mortimer says :—‘‘ We have in several instances found vases which had every appearance of having been deposited with food in them, where no trace of an interment could be discovered,’ Burial Mounds of East Yorkshire, p. 55 (note) ; see also idid,pp.107. 314 (Barrow 247), 316 (Barrow 250), 323 (barrow ec. 90.) 12 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. to be disturbed before it could be removed with safety. It was lying on its side tilted towards the skeleton; it had, however, probably been placed in an upright position, and only tilted for- ward as the bones collapsed. The incense cup was also at the back of the skeleton; it was 1ft. to 14ft. behind the Grape Cup on a slightly higher level, and apparently must have been placed there after the body had been at least partially buried. The dagger blade lay some 3in. in front of the feet. Vestiges of its wooden handle were discernible, and fragments of the wood still adhered to the rivets. The handle had been about 4in. in length, and thus only long enough to admit of its being grasped in the hand. The three bronze awls were close together behind the dagger, to the front of which were the three single beads. The stud was near the chin, in such a position as at once to suggest that it had been used to fasten a garment of some sort round the neck, Lying near each other and from 6in. to 8in. from the head were | the disc of gold and amber, the spherical bead, the gold-handled lancet, a small bronze blade and amber pommel, and the jet and amber beads. The beads had certainly been threaded together, and lay in rows embedded in the clay; the rows lay over one another as though the string of beads had been deposited in a little heap and not laid out in any order. They were not round the neck. Some of the beads were stained with bronze from actual contact with the small bronze blade. The ground immediately above and beneath the skeleton was of a clayey and highly tenacious substance, and very favourable for receiving and retaining impressions. This clay was first loosened with a small sharp mason’s trowel, and then removed with the hand. On the clay that had been in contact with the skeleton, both on the upper and the under side, a distinctly reticulated pattern was quite plainly visible. Apparently the body had been wrapped in some coarsely woven material, and though nearly every particle of this cloth had disappeared, a visible proof of its former presence was afforded by the impression that its threads had left No. 17. CINERARY No. 16. IMPRESSION OF WOVEN FABRIC URN. Half IN CLAY. linear. Enlarged twice linear. By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 13 on the tell-tale clay. A minute fragment or two of the actual cloth, or rather casts of the cloth, formed by the deposit of carbonate of lime, have been preserved.) The impress of the cloth extended beyond the head, and whether placed there singly or as forming part of a head-dress, the objects described as found together by the head were also within the area of the cloth. There were vestiges of wood round the head, and in places the fibre of the wood could be seen resting on the impress of the cloth. Of what extent this wood had been, and what its purpose, it was not found possible to determine; it might have have been a piece of wood placed over and about the head possibly with the idea of protection to it and to the accompanying relies. It was interesting to notice that there had been two qualities of cloth used, one considerably coarser than the other, and it is mainly of the coarser one that fragments are preserved. On removing the bones it was noticed that the ground im- mediately beneath the skeleton and about the head was stained a reddish colour. Dr. C. W. Cunnington, of Hampstead, has kindly analysed the incrustation and finds it to be the hydratio peroxide of iron. Mr. T. H. Powell, of Denmark Hill, to whom also a specimen was submitted, has kindly reported as follows :—«TI have examined the red stain under the microscope and can detect signs of wood structure, and think, therefore, the rest has completely decayed, except where the tissue has been replaced by iron rust; _ it might be all that is left of a flaxen garment, but I managed to detach one or two small fragments which are rather too thick. Tron oxide has the property of replacing, and thus coarsely pre- serving wood and such like tissue (vegetable) and often forms a sortofcement. The stainisiron oxide. Ihave tested it chemically. If the barrow was on top of the chalk, the clay would certainly be highly ferrugineous, and the stain might very probably have been derived direct from the chalk.” 1 For linen in Bronze Age barrows see Wilts Arch. Mag., xxi., p. 261 and 346. Stourhead Cat., No. 205 ; Ancient Wilts, pp. 168, 169, and 242; Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, xxxix. (1904-5), p. 552; Burial Mounds of East Yorkshire, pp. 234, 275; Archeologia, XXXIV., p. 255. 14 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. The wood fibre detected by Mr. Powell came from about the head, and his report thus satisfactorily accounts for the red in- crustation; the vegetable fibre of the garment round the body (linen) and the wood about the head had been to some extent re- placed by iron oxide from the surrounding clay, thus forming a layer or incrustation of red colour. Previous to this discovery there seem to have been only six recorded finds of Grape Cups.! They were so named by Sir R. Colt Hoare, and re-named “ nodulated cups” by Dr. Thurnam,” who included among their number a small rude cup, now in the Museum at Devizes,? which though nodulated, can by no stretch of the imagination be classed as a Grape Cup. Four of these cups are in the Museum at Devizes, one is in the Bristol Museum, and one has been lost sight of. With the exception of the one at Bristol that was found in a barrow at Priddy, in the neighbouring county of Somerset, they have all been found in Wiltshire barrows. It is just a hundred years ago since the last recorded find of gold in a Bronze Age barrow in Wiltshire,‘ and the present one makes only the eighth similar find in the county, while in the whole of the rest of England and Wales there have been scarcely as many more. Five of the gold-bearing barrows were on Salisbury Plain —one close to its edge at Upton Lovel in the valley of the Wyly, and one at Mere in the extreme west of the county, about eight ‘ Upton Lovel Golden Barrow, with burnt interment, Ancient Wilts, p. 99, at Devizes; Amesbury, barrow 133, burnt, tbzd, p. 199, at Devizes; Normanton, barrow 156, unburnt, zbid, p. 202, at Devizes. Barrow on Windmill Hill, near Avebury, see Rev. A. C. Smith’s Map, Section VI., F. IV.b., unburnt interment; Arch. Instit., Salisbury, p. 108, at Devizes. Barrow south-east of Kennet, unburnt interment, LOST. Diary of a Dean, p. 44, fig. 2. Barrow near Priddy, burnt interment, at Bristol Museum, Arch. Journ., XVI., p. 149. Of the seven grape cups now known it will be seen that three were with burnt and four with unburnt burials. 2 Archeologia, XLITI., p. 364. ® Stourhead Cat., No. 187. 4 Upton Lovel Golden Barrow, Hoare and Cunnington, 1803, re-opened, with further finds, in 1807. By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 15 miles in a straight line from Upton Lovel.' All these were in South Wilts, and Dr. Thurnam remarks “no objects of the precious metal are found in the barrows in North Wilts.” This find at Manton seems to be the first exception to the rule. It is worthy of note that, while only seven Grape Cups are known to have been found, and only eight Wiltshire barrows have contained gold, in three cases the Grape Cup and the gold were found associated in the same barrow. There are in the Museum at Devizes two pendants* that came from a barrow on Salisbury Plain strikingly similar to the one found at Manton—indeed, so alike are they that it seems possible that they were made by the same hands; the only difference ap- pears to be that those from the Plain are slightly larger, being 1fin. in diameter, and that instead of the lines of ornamentation being equi-distant they are arranged in two bands. The arrange- ment of the holes for suspension and the dotted lines are iden tical. A pair of similar pendants now in the British Museum also came from a Wiltshire barrow.t These are covered with a thin casing of gold, but what the centre is made of is not stated; they are ornamented with a zigzag or chevron pattern. These pendants are usually, but not invariably, found in pairs. Stukeley records the finding of a single one, and describes it as a “ button-like object completely covered with a film of thin gold,” with a core of what he calls “earth,” but what Dr. Thurnam suggests was really decayed '1—Upton Lovel Golden Barrow, burnt interment, Ancient Wilts, p. 202 ; 2—Normanton, barrow 155, burnt, ibid, p. 201; 3—Normanton, barrow 156, unburnt, ibid, p. 202; 4—Normanton Bush Barrow, 158, unburnt, ibid, p. 202; 5—Mere Down, unburnt, ibid, p. 44; 6—Lake, barrow 21, unburnt, ibid, p. 218; 7—Stonehenge barrow, burnt, Stukeley’s ‘‘ Stonehenge, pp. 44 —62; 8—Manton. Although all these golden barrows have striking points of resemblance to each other, and doubtless belong to the same people and _ period, there seems to be no kind of rule as to the mode of burial, three being ___ by cremation and five by inhumation. * Ancient Wilts, barrows Nos. 40 and 156, and at Manton. * Ancient Wilts, p. 201. Stourhead Cat., No. 184. * Ancient Wilts, p. 218, Lake, barrow No. 21. 16 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. amber.1. In other instances somewhat similar pendants have been been found singly?: these pendants have been described as “ear-rings,” but it is at least equally probable that they were worn round the neck or on the breast, or even on the forehead, and that their form may be symbolical—possibly of Sun worship. ‘They have been so rarely met with, and then always with interments of evident wealth and importance, that it seems not unreasonable to suggest that they may have been symbolical badges of some sort. The “lancet” (No. 6) is perhaps the most interesting and unusual of all the Manton barrow finds. The only thing at all similar to it of which there seems to be any record came from the same barrow as the pendants in the Museum at Devizes referred to above, and is also in that Museum. In this case the small bronze blade is let into a piece of dark amber, which is bound round with four fillets of gold. These curious little cutting instruments may have been used in a ceremonial rite of some kind, or be symbolical of one so used. It is a curious coincidence that these two “lancets ” should have been found with nearly identical pendants of gold and amber. It would be intensely interesting, and perhaps throw a flood of light on the culture and beliefs of the Bronze Age, could we but read the riddle of these things aright. The constant occurrence of the number three is interesting: on the disc No. 5 the concentric circles are divisible by three, the lines on the bands of ornament on the spherical bead are in threes, as are also those on the gold-handled lancet; there were three beads of different colours and materials placed certainly not without some distinct intention at the feet of the skeleton, and together with these were the three bronze awls—differing and yet alike in their general character. 1 Archeologia, XLIII., p. 526, note e. 2 Ancient Wilts, p. 202, pl. XXV., No. 166. Jbid. barrow 155, Proceedings of Society of Autiquaries of Scotland, vol. XXI. (1886-7), p. 316. Alse Catalogue of National Museum at Edinburgh, H. Q. 198, 200. 5 Stourhead Cat., No. 137. dancient Wilts, p. 201, = By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 17 A small fragment of a stone unlike anything else found in the barrow was thrown out in a spadeful of soil from about the old ground level in the north-eastern trench. The fragment measures one and one-tenth of an inch by four-fifths; the greatest thickness being two-fifths. One surface is smooth, polished, and slightly concave, whilst the others are rough and uneven. Mr. N. Story Maskelyne, to whom it was submitted, kindly procured its mi- eroscopical examination by Mr. Fletcher, Keeper of the Mineral Department of the British Museum, and by Mr. Prior, of that department. Mr. Story Maskelyne writes as follows :— “Mr. Fletcher tells me that he has looked through the sections of many rocks resembling it, and so far finds the nearest to it in a metamorphosed basaltic rock from the neighbourhood of Penzance. Of course, as he observes, there may be placesin Devon and elsewhere where such a rock may be found. Tt is clear that it is not a Wiltshire rock at all. A petrological account of it as seen in the section describes it as consisting of a fibrous hornblende with strings of opacite and a small amount of felspar. Opacite is a name given to a substance occurring in rocks of probably variable composition, and so, indefinite in character, and opaque under the microscope. Of course if Professor Judd is right in imagining drift to have been in this part of Wilts and near Stonehenge, the stone may have come from somewhere in company with other drift stones. If that were so it is very singular that not a speck of such material remained anywhere on the ground or in walls, and that they only have been met with in Stonehenge and in sepulchral tumuli, and in this case with a worked surface.” As there were no signs of recent fracture and no other similar stone could be found it is probable that this broken fragment found its way alone and accidentally into the barrow. The Rev. E. H. Goddard has suggested that the form and character of the fragment make it very probable that it is a chip off the upper or under side of ahammer-axe. Mr. Goddard points out that celts made of a somewhat similar stone have been found elsewhere in Wilts, and that in the Stourhead Collection there are five perforated axes or hammer axes from the barrows of South Wilts all made of igneous and non-Wiltshire rocks, so that it is quite likely that the builders of the barrow had im- plements of this material. It seems likely that this piece of a hammer-axe, if such it be, like other implements of the kind found VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVII. C 18 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. in Wilts, must have been an object of barter and traded from the distant source of its natural origin. Indeed many interesting inferences may be drawn from the contents of this barrow as to the extent of trading among the people of the bronze age in Britain. The gold, amber, lignite, shale or jet, the tin and copper for the bronze, if not the manufactured bronze itself, must have been brought from varied and widely separated districts. The delicate and beautiful workmanship of the gold and other orna- ments is in curious contrast with the rude and clumsy art of the home-made pottery of the period, none of which is wheel-turned. The perfectly barrel-like bead (Fig. 6), encircled as it is with accurately drawn incised lines, suggests lathe work, and the en- eraved concentric circles on the disk (Fig. 7) a compass of some sort. Could the bead be shaped so well without a lathe or wheel of some kind to turn it on? If not, the presumption is strongly in favour of its having been traded into Britain as a manufactured article, because if the principle of wheel-turning was known to these barrow builders, it seems unlikely that such ingenious people would not have applied its use to some at least of their pottery. It seems at least open to doubt whether these more skilfully worked objects of rarity and value, such as gold, amber, and lignite, were made in Britain. It was in one sense disappointing not to find more than one in- terment in the whole of this large barrow, but, on the other hand, the absence of any other is in itself suggestive, and lends itself to much interesting if not very profitable conjecture. It is just possible that there may have been others, and that they have been ploughed out, a fate that not uncommonly overtakes burials in the more superficial parts of barrows; but as the whole of the centre of the mound was turned over without result, any other burial, if one ever took place within it, could not have been in very close association with the first. Professor Fawcett, in conjunction with Professor Reynolds, of University College, Bristol, have kindly identified the bones and teeth of animals found during the excavation of the barrow. The bones are those of the ox, sheep, deer, pig, and fox ; the teeth By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 19 those of the ox, pig, and fox. The bones are few in number and fragmentary. Those of the sheep are much smaller than those of most breeds of modern sheep. The bones and teeth were, with the exception of the fox, found singly throughout the barrow, and their presence there seems to have been quite acci- dental. Two of the pig’s teeth and several of those of the ox were found on the old ground level, and must have been lying there when the barrow was built; the others were probably thrown in with the soil when the mound was piled up. The bones of the fox were all found together and are the remains of one skeleton. They were only a foot to sixteen inches below the present surface, and possibly—even probably—have no antiquarian interest. It is quite likely that at some time when the ground was uncultivated and covered with scrub there was a hole or burrow there into which the creature crawled and died. The bones of the human skeleton were rather small and slender, but with strong muscular attachments. The individual had suffered from rheumatic arthritis, and had a remarkable and uncommon malformation of the nasal bones. Dr. Beddoe has kindly made the following report on the skull and the measurements of the bones as submitted to him :— “ BRADFORD-ON-AVON, October 24th, 1906. “With reference to the human bones from a barrow near Marl- borough which Mr. Cunnington has kindly given me an opportunity of examining, I am of opinion that they probably belonged to a female of considerable age. I base this opinion on the apparent small size of the cranium, the absence of prominent development of the supraciliary arches and of the muscular attachments, and the moderate stature, as deduced from the lengths of the humerus and the femur. The humerus, if, as reported to me,! 12°5 inches _ in maximum length, would, if masculine, indicate a stature of 63:9 by Manouvrier’s scale, but if feminine, of 62:8 inches. Pearson’s ‘ Dr. Poynton, who saw the skeleton before it had been in any way disturbed, kindly measured the bones as they lay in the ground, because from their decayed condition they would not bear moving without breaking, 6 2 20 Notes on the Opening of a Bronze Age Barrow at Manton. figures would be 64 and 62°8 inches. The femur, of 17} inches, or 451 mm’s, would yield by Manouvrier’s scale 65°1 inches, or 63°6, but by Pearson’s 65-4 if masculine, and 64 if feminine. The skull is not capable of being satisfactorily recomposed, but it ap- pears to have been elliptic and mesocephalic: the greatest length may have been about 160 millimetres; the breadth, yet more difficult to estimate, may have been 130 ora little more. The bones are rather thick for a female skull. The teeth are a good deal worn down by hard food; the mandible strong and the angle not very obtuse. On the whole, I conjecture that these remains belonged to a woman of considerable age, and that their period was somewhere during the latter portion of the Bronze Age. “ JOHN BEDDOE. Canon Greenwell has kindly expressed it as his opinion that the articles found in association with the skeleton certainly point to its being that of a woman buried with her appliances for domestic use. He regards the ornaments as those of feminine adornment, the bronze awls as prickers perhaps used for boring holes to draw the threads throngh in sewing, the bronze blades not as daggers but as knives, as was probably the so-called lancet. All the relics are now in the safe keeping of Dr. Blake Maurice, at Marlborough. It should be added that is the intention of Dr. Blake Maurice to re-inter the skeleton, and to rebuild the mound and to plant it with trees, so that in future it shall be held sacred from the plough and still be dedicated to the memory of one who, though now nameless, must once have been numbered among the illustrious in the land. "MOIA IONIOIXG ‘Aanqsrp ye weg ayy Cithe Barn, Place Farm, Tisbury.’ By E. Towry Wuyts, F.S.A. In connection with the accompanying illustrations of the Tithe Barn at Place Farm, Tisbury, a short note on the rest of the buildings may not be out of place, as it is an interesting example of an old grange. It was part of the possessions of the Abbey of Shaftesbury, and it is said that the Abbess used to visit it for the purpose of receiving the tithes. The present buildings exhibit one of the most perfect plans of a medieval farm to be found in this country, consisting of a gateway with a large archway and side doorway, and formerly a porter’s room— now destroyed. This gateway has large buttresses facing the roadway ; the lower part seems to be late thirteenth century work (Devorated), over which has been added a late fifteenth century room, approached by an external stone stairway. This room has been called a chapel, but there is no evidence that it was such ; it is more likely a room for the servants or for casual visitors to be entertained in for the night. After entering this gateway and crossing a large open space in a slightly diagonal direction, a second entrance is arrived at, but this is only a foot passage with a porter’s room on the east side, entered by a door in the passage ; here, also, an external stone stairway leads to a room over which is said to have been the Abbess’s private room. A little way beyond this second entrance is the present house, which, I think, originally consisted of a large hall and kitchen with a small room _ off from the hall; but additions have been made and the interior _ entirely altered to adapt it to a modern residence, so that it is difficult now to say what the arrangement was in the fifteenth This note with the accompanying illustrations appeared in The Reliquary, January, 1907, and is here reprinted by permission. 22 Tithe Barn, Place Farm, Tisbury. century. I think there was a connection between the hall and the room over the second entrance. The great fireplace of the kitchen still exists, and the very beautiful fifteenth century chimney is still in use. To the east of the open space before alluded to are the farm buildings, forming a parallelogram—the stables on the north, the cow-houses on the west, and the cart shed on the south; these, though modernized, are on the original site, and the walls are largely old. On the east side of the yard is the barn, which, though plain, is a very fine and perfect one; it is divided into thirteen bays by means of buttresses, the centre bay being carried out as a porch on either side, and having pointed arch doorways. There are four other doorways with segmental arches, but these are modern, though there seem to have been smaller entrances at a former time. Between each buttress is a long narrow slit for light and air; the gable ends have a central buttress each, as well as side ones, with similar slits for air and also one high up above the central buttress. The roof is thatch. Internally, the principals correspond with the buttresses outside ; they are massive, rough-cut oak timbers with double collars and curved braces, the lower collar and braces forming a rough four- centred arch. The portion of the arch below the principal is let into a chace in the wall without any brackets; between each principal are three rows of purlins upon which the rafters carrying the thatch rest. Near the bottom of each curved piece there isa notch cut on the face, apparently for the purpose of propping the principal whilst getting it into position. The posts seen in the photograph are modern. The internal length is 188ft. 3in., and the breadth 32ft. 3in., the area of the roof 1,450 sq. yards—between one-quarter and one-third of an acre; the external length from out to out of the buttresses will be about 200ft. 1 am indebted to J. H. Bracher, Esq., the tenant, for these dimensions, and also for permission to have the photographs taken by Mr. Britten. I may add that Mr. Bracher’s family have been tenants for over two hundred years. The sketch plan showing the relative position of the various buildings referred to is not in any way to scale, but gives a general idea of their arrangement. ‘MIA JOWayUyT *Ainqsiy, ye weg oui, ar. x iy Ee a (ayes 0} JON) ‘uzjd punoas yojayg -Ammqsry, ye weg ayy a The Churchtardens’ Accounts of Mere. Transcribed by Tuos. H. Baxer. ALTHOUGH some few parishes have churchwardens’ accounts of an earlier date yet one rarely meets with so complete a series as these. They begin in 1556, and are entered in the same book without a break till Easter, 1853. It is true there is a hiatus in Mary’s reign which is explained in the accounts themselves, and again there are no accounts from 1647 to 1673, when it appears none were kept, although from other sources we find that church- wardens were appointed and the names are recorded in the registers of those in office from 1666 and on the bells the initials are given of those in 1660 and 1665. It has been decided to publish the first fifty years, as they contain many items of interest and records of doings now obsolete. After that period there is little in them beyond the ordinary receipts and expenditure. There is a curious index made up to date in 1636, which brings more prominently in view some incidents which would otherwise probably escape notice. For instance :— 1631. James Lucas & Moses Wilkins wardens for a third time who had in stock nothing but a legacie of v'i. given by James Alford and x‘. given by John Kendoll and gathered two rates w‘" came to xvj". viij’. vij*. ob. Amongst many comon things done they bought a new silver bole w" part of the said legacie of v! . They also bought a new Surplice.” “1635. Willm Baron & Robt. Goldisbrough . junior canteens Church- wardens and had in stock iij'!, xvij*. and gathered by a Treble Rate xxiij!. iiijt And for burialls, seates and other things xxij’. viij4. Amongst many comon things they bought a Booke of Bishopp Jewells’ workes cost xL*. and alsoe new plankt the Tower loft asin the last Accompt appeares.” “1636. Jo" Bower & ffrancis Cradock, gent . Churchwardens. Note that this was an Extraordin’ye yere for 3 Causes . ffirste ffor that these Accomptants had notice to make pvision ffor Mr. Deane’s Cominge ‘The Society is indebted tc the Rev. J. A. Lloyd, F.S.A., Vicar of Mere, for a donation of £5 towards the expense of printing these accounts. 24 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. at the Visitacon they came w*" they pvided for but came not and Coste the v'i dinner. Secondly yt fell oute that the North Leads of the Southe pte of the Churche weare soe muche in decaye y‘ the Coste there betweene 30 & 40" the Repayrenge. Thirdely they paved All the Boodye of the Churche w'*out the Chauncell and the ij Porches and Paynted the Vante and Both Church dores as by the pticulars in the said Accompte will shewe.” This boke was bought in powles Churchyard of arther pepwell at the signe of the kinge’s hed. This boke cost xiij*. Liber Compus Ecclie pochialis de Mere Md ther ys x. geven in stocke to the use of the poore by Elizabeth Swetman and yt is Remayning in the hands of Michaell Lannynge & Maude his wyef, This x*. was paied in to the hands of the parish when the Almeshowse was built Anno Dni. 1641. Mere The Accompte of Robert Bysshopp and 1556. Robert lambert. Churchewardeyns of the paryshe of Mere in the Countye of Wiltesh". ffrom the Tuysday in the Easter weke. the Seconde and Thyrde yeres of the Reignes of oure sou’aigne lorde and lady Phillip and Marye. By the grace of god. Kynge and Quene of England Spayne ffrannce &e. Et An®*. Dni: 1556: / vntill the Tuysday in the Easter weke in the thyrde and iiij yeres of the Reignes of the same Kynge Phillip and Quene Marye. Et An® Dni’: 1557: That is to saye. for one hole yere / As ffoloweth. Receipts. Inp'’mis the sayd Churchewardeyns, do yelde | Accompte of the pfytte of the Churche Ale thies ; xiyo ves yere | Aboue all chargs J Itm’ Receuyd of Richard Guntes wyfe for a Seate a here in the bodye of the Churche . to holde the same 4 duryng here lyfe Accordynge to the old usage of the | bb parishe Itm’ of Thomas Guntes wyfe for a Seate in lyke manr’ vj‘. Itm’ of Thomas Walshes wyfe for a Seate iiij". Tim’ of florence Clement for a Seate in the Churche) : : sometyme Richard Hilmans / for terme of here lyfe j J : Itm’ Receuyd of Edithe Brabante whiche she gaue) a | to the Churche of devocyon. to be prayed for j y: 4 Itm’ of Julyan Cowherd for a Seate late Danyells wyfes iiij*, # Itm.’ of Woulstane ffoster for a Seate for his wyfe in) 4 Ow the Churche. whiche late was Johanne Sadlers i Bi : Sm’ of the Receiptes xij". iiijs. ij*. ee Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 25 Whereof payed by the sayd Churche wardeyns. for xi Sackes of lyme . to Repayre the Cou’ynge of v®. vjt. the Churche . after the rate of vj for eu’ Sacke J Itm’ to Hugh Barstable the helyer . for ix. dayes wourke | and a haulfe After x‘. by the daye w'oute mete & drynke} Ma Itm’ to the Bellefounder for mendyng of the Belles vs. Im’ for woode and Candelles for the same xy Itm’ for the mendynge of the Organs. with xxij‘.for a Staple) _.... <4 and for glewe for the same fect: Itm’ payed to Walter Alford . for the amendyng of the | viij@. Gudgyns of the Belles Itm’ for Sowderynge of the leaddes . apon the Towre and apon the South syde of the Churche ./. And for VA APE mendyng of the same {! Itm’ for sowdrynge of the ledde of the southe Ile viij*. Itm’ for mendynge of a belle clypper iiij®. Itm’ payed to Thoms luke the Smyth for dyu’s) Iron wourks . about the Repacon of the Churche} a Itm’ for Trussynge of the greate belle. And for leyeng) _-, _++-4 of ii] brasses . whiche the Gudgyns resteth apon eee Iti’ payed for iiij*" belle ropes xij’. viij’. Itm’ for Nayles and Clapses for the belles viij®. Itm’ payed to Robert Cowherd . for the Redeymynge of certeyn sylu’ Spones of the Churche stock . which | I: he had in gage . by the delyue’ of the Churchewardeyns { * for xl‘. of money borowed of hym . to thuse of the Chuvche/ Itm’ payed for the lampe Taper . and the Trendell iijs. vj" Itm’ for iiij** lode of Stones (with the Cariage) for the Pee ere ce Reparacon of the Churche walles hij Waeguc” Itm’ for a bawdrick for the belles ij®. viij?. Itm’ payed to Henry Hopkyns .and Thomas Rogers) xiii. diva for the newe Repayryng of the Churche walles eae Petes Itm’ for the wages of a laborer . and for the Cariage of) Earthe for the Repacon’ of the sayd Churche walles | Itm’ payed to Sanger . for dyggyng of iiij*" pottes of Earthe iiij4. Itm’ for too lode of Stones wt" the Cariage for the newe ) makynge of the Crosse yn the Churchyarde ) Itm’ for the Base stone . and the Stemme for the same Crosse ij’. Itm’ to the masons. for theire labo". forthe newe makyng ) vs, liij’. iiij*. ‘pie of the same Crosse, in the Churcheyard joey VI: Itm’ for makyng of iiijtr pynnes for the Sepulchre iiij*. Itm’ payed for a Buckell for a Bawderick ij’. Itm’ to Jerarde for blowynge of the byllowes of the Organs | vile for the hole yere . nowe endyd J: Itm’ to Robte Peareman for the pascall Taper . and for) too other Tapers . for the Aulter ) Itm’ for wasshynge of the Churche Clothes . for this yere HES Itm’ for mendynge of a Surplesse viij’. Itm’ for mendynge of the Stremer . and of the sylke ) id banner . Ageynst the peessyon weke. this yere | PALS 26 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Itm’ payed for a new Bawderick for one of the Belles _ ij’. iiij*. Itm' for viij.sackes of lyme.to Repayre the Churche walles iij’. iiij*. Sm° of the payments Vij". xij. Vi. And so Remayneth in Stocke Clere) Ane to the use of the Churche gr Belk ai Itm’ there Remayneth in the handes of the sayd Churche wardeyns . of the Churche goodes . xj. Sylu’ spones . whereof one is broken. / And a greate Crocke conteynyng by estymacon vj galons ./. with dyu’s other implements and necessaryes cone’nynge the Churche ./. All whiche . be lefte in the Custodye of the sayd Robert Bysshop’ . and Robte lambert . nowe Churche wardeyns . for that they bothe (by the Request and Consent of the hole parishe) do Contynewe and Remayne Churche wardeyns . for the nexte yere folowynge. To this Intente that all others of the sayd parishe . shall alwayes hereafter do the lyke. / And thereapon hyt is Concluded Ordered and Agreed. At this daye . by the whole parisheners of the sayd paryshe of Mere /. That who so eu’ of the sayd parisheners. shall happen at eny tyme or tymes hereafter to be elected and Chosen Churche wardeyn or wardeyns of the sayd parishe . by suche nombre of the parisheners as shall happen to be psente and assemblyd . at the makynge An of the Accompte for the Churche goodes . Or by the more pte Order off them / That euy’ of the sayd parisheners . so electyd and for the Chosen Churche wardeyn . from tyme to tyme . Shall Eleccon Immedyately after suche Eleccon Receve and take apon of hym the Charge and doynge of the same./ And shall so church Contynewe in the Execucon’ and doynge of the same . by the wardens/. —_ space of too hole yeres . nexte after he shall be so Electyd and chosen. / And that eay’ of the sayd parisheners. Refusynge or denyenge . to obs’ue or pforme this order . shall fforfeyte and paye . to the use of the Churche . for euy’ tyme so Refusynge or denyenge the same . Thyrtene shillynges and ffoure pence . of laufull englisshe money. To be payed at the nexte Churche accompte . next after suche Refusall made ./ And this order to be truelye obs’ued and kepte contynually. Mere The Accompte of Robert Bysshop and Robert lambert Churche wardeyns of the parishe there . from the Tuysday in the Easter weke [lady in the Thyrde and iiij" yeres of the Reigne of o'sou’eign’lord and Kynge Phillip and Quene Marye . & untill the Tuysdaye in the Easter weke . yn the iiij'® and ffyveth yeres of the Reignes of the same Kynge Phillip and Quene Marye ./ & An® Dni 1558: That is to saye . for one hole yere./. as floloweth Receiptes. Payments. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 27 Inpmis the sayd Churchewardeyns do yelde Accompte of the Stock of money Remaynynge in theire handes apon the determynacon of theire laste accompte \1xxj*.ix?. in the yere paste / As appereth in the ffote of the same accompte Itm’ Receyued of John Byrte in gyfte to the Churche apon his deathe Itm’ of Thomas Holbroke for a gyfte to the Churche iij®. iiij%. xijt, Itm’ of Hugh Botwell for a lyke gyfte to the Churche viij4. Itm’ of John Cave for the Buryall of his wyfe in the | Churche/Accordynge to the olde Custome of the - vj®. viij4. Churche | Itm’ of Robte Goodhyne for a Seate in the Churche iiij4. Ttm’ of Alexander Bower for a Seate vji. Itm’ of Water Alford for a Seate vj4. Itm’ of John Alford in gyfte to the Churche xt. Itm’ of Henry Anterham of Knoyle of gyfte vj". Itm’ of Thomas Bartelett thelder for too Seates xij. Itm’ of John Robyns for a seate iiij". Itm’ of S'. Gyles Crockeford prest, Curate of the pishe| |; vine of Mere . of a gyfte to the Churche . apon his deathe | 7° YJ Itm’ of Thomas lucas for a Seate wake Itm’ of Wulstane ffoster for a Seate vj. Itm’ of John Gyldon for a Seate yj‘. Itm. of Willm’ Sendall for a Seate yj". Itm’ of Roger Monke for a seate vj. Itm’ of Thomas Robyns for a Seate vj. Itm’ of Roger Monkes wyfe . for a Seate vja. Itm’ of John Manne . for a Seate iiij’. Itm’ of Skryne’s wyfe for a Seate vj’. Itm’ of Thomas Stower for a Seate vji. Itm’ of Willm Kendall for too Seates Bales Itm’ of Xpofer Cowherd al . Byrte . for a Seate yj Itm’ Recuyd of a legacye of Anne Manncell wydowe whiche) . she gaue to the Churche at the tyme of here deathe { Hip? iii? Itm’ of Margarete Shoyle for a Seate vj. Itm’ of Richard yate for a Seate vji. Itm’ of a legacye of John Bourne of Redynge . whiche ia Se gaue to the Churche . at the tyme of his deathe Itm’ Receuyd of the encreace and pfytte of the ts Meee og Churche Ale thies yere./ ou’ and above all Charges | ¥) *V"-J"- Sm’ of the Receiptes xiij!'. ix*./. Whereof payed for vj Sackes of lyme for the ) aes Reparacon’ of the Churche . at . vj’. the sack | Ce Itm’ for glasynge of the Churche wyndowes xij’. viij". Itm’ for Diggynge of Earthe to amende the Towre xviij4. Itm’ for a Claspe of Iron for the Clock ij. Itm’ payed to Jerarde the Bedeman . for his wages . for ) 4 blowynge of the Organ byllowes . for one yere . } y- 8 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Itm’ to Rauf Rose the Clerke . for amendyng of the vestem'*. yj‘. Itm’ payed for a Sacrynge belle ijt Itm’ payed to John Bourne for too trees . to newe make the) _..- lofte of the Towre | vilj. Itm’ for the cariage of the same too Trees ral Itm’ for sawynge of the same Tymbre vj*. Itm’ payed to Thomas Alford for the makynge . and) layeng . of the Towre lofte xij*. Itm’ for makynge of the lampe taper . and for the) a ffyllynge of the wexe Trendell 42, We Itm’ for makyng of a dore to the Rode lofte xviij*. Itm’ for Jemewes and nayles for the same viij’. Itm’ to a mason . for his wourke in the same vj’. Itm’ payed for the newe makyng of the paschall Taper) and the ffonte Taper t) Itm’payed to Thomas Alford . for amendyng of the Tower) -, _---4 flloure . at another tyme hi ae Itm’ for Ix", of leade . for amendyng of the Towre whe Itm’ payed to a plommer for amendyng of the same xij’. ij. Itm’ payed for Tymbre to make Justes and bourdes to) laye vnder the leades of the Towre J Itm’ payed to Thomas Jerard . for sawyng of the same tymber ij’.x". vij’. ij’. iiij’, Itm’ to Hugh Barstable . for skowring of the Towre viij’. Itm’ for a Bawdrick for one of the Belles . xij, Itm’ for cariage of the greate belle clipper to mendyng iy", Itm’ for wasshyng of the Churche Clothes ij’. Itm’ for nayles and pynnes . for the Sepulchre ‘if Itm’ payed for a belle Rope ij°. viij4. Itm’ payed for amendyng of the Clock iij®. 1iij%. Itm’ to W™ Stafford for whytyng of the walles . yn the) ii. iiiid northe Ile of the Churche if 1 eve Itm’ for nayles aboute the same ye Itm’ for a Rope . for the Organ byllowes he Itm’ payed for a boke of the homelyes ys Vir Itm’ payed for too belle ropes vjé. Itm’ for the newe makynge . of the greate belle Clipper) and for the Cariage home of the same J Itm’ payed for lyme . lathes . and nayles . for | ' amendyng of the Rode lofte vs, ij. And for the wourkemanship thereof i) Itm’ for ffyve Bawdericks . for the belles . at too tymes vj. iiij4. Itm’ to Jerard the Bedeman . for his wages for one yere Lip Itm’ for newe ffyllyng of the wexe Trendell . and for) newe makynge of the ffonte Taper J Itm’ payed in Earneste towardes the makyng of) an Image of Seynt Mighell Itm’ payed for a Rope . for the greate belle iij’. Itm’ for kepynge of the Clock xij’. Itm’ for iij bawdericks for the belles vs. iijt xiiij’. iiij’. iif’, vj*. viij*. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 29 Itm’ for the Ryngynge of John Bournes knylle of a Redynge . in consideracon of his legacye to the Church J Me Itm’ for makynge of the Paschall . and ffonte tapers rite ee Itm’ payed for Smoke fferthynges to Rome xix’, Itm’ payed for makinge of a newe Seate in the bodye of the Churche . nexte the Channcell ./ which afterward was $ x’. pulled up . and remouyd Sm’ of the payments viij!'. xvj*. viij4. And so Remayneth in Stocke Clere to the use of the Churche iiij". xij’. iiij". Noe new Memor“thatatthis daye .thatistosaye. the Tuysday in the Faster Church weke in the iiij" and ffyveth . yere of the Reignes of o* sou’aigne wardens lorde and lady Kynge Phillip and Quene Marye./ An° Dn’:1558:/ chosen, By oceacon of some varyannce and Contencon. amonge certeyn noe Ale of the parysheners of Mere Aforesayd. There were no newe made, Churche wardeyns Chosen nor appoynted for the yere ffol- nor noe lowyng ./ but the eleccon’ of them. at this day . for sondry repacons on Consideracons was deferred ./ And afterward . as well by oceacon the Church of the Contynuannce of the sayd varyannece and Contencon./ for one yeare As also by occacon of the deathe of o' sayd sou’aigne lady Quene Marye (who dyed the xvij'" day of Nouembre in the sayd yere of o" lorde 1558:) And by occacon of the Alteracon of some pte of Relygyon . and of the su’yce and Ceremonies of the Churche k whiche then ensewyd . There were no newe Churchewardenys Chosen . eny time . in thies yere./ Neyther was there eny Ale made nor eny other pfytte or Revenue comyng or growyng . to the use of the Churche thies yere . / Neyther was there eny money . or other Charges thies yere . imployed or bestowed apon the Reparacon of the sayd Churche nor eny other wayes con- cernyng the same Churche ./. Wheareapon Afterward . in the yere ffolowyng . That is to saye the Tuysday in the Easter weke .in the ffyrste yere of the Reigne of o* sou’aigne lady Quene Elizabeth . Ano. Dni’: 1559: /. Wolstane ffoster and Thomas Wattes . by the assente of all the parishners there. were electyd and appoynted Churchewardeyns of the sayd parysshe . to Contynue in the same for the terme of too yeres . accordyng to the Auncyent usage of the parishe ./ And thereapon the fforesayd Robert Bysshop . and Robert lambert . delyu’d vnto the sayd Wolstane ffoster and Thomas Wattes . As well the sayd Stocke of money aboue mencyoned. As also xj sylv’ spones . wherof one is broken . And all suche other Implements . goodes and necessaryes . whiche remaynyd in theire handes or Custody . of the goods of the sayd Churche./ Sauyng . xx". whiche yet remayneth in thandes of Robert lamberte. /. 30 Mere Receiptes payments. The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. The accompte of Wolstane ffoster . and Thomas Watts Churchewardeyns of the paryshe there ffrom the Tuysday in the Easter weke in the ffyrste yere of the Reigne of o' Sou’aigne lady Quene Elizabeth . An® Dn’: 1559: untyll the Tuysday in the Easter weke . videlt the vijth day of Aprill in the Thyrde yere of the Reigne of o' Sayd Sou’aign lady Quene Elizabeth ./ An® Dni: 1561: / That is to Saye for too hole yeres. / As ffoloweth Inpmis they yelde Accompte of money ) Receuyd of Robert Bysshop . late one of the Church roxxixt wardeyns there. in ffulle payment (of his parte) of all é the Arrerags of his accompte Itm’ of money Recuyd of Robert lambert.late another of the Sayd Churchewardeyns . in pte of payment ‘iis iiiid of liij’. iiij'. for his parte. of the Arrerags of the | ad Mila laste accompte Itm’ Recuyd of the legacye of John Kynge. whiche oT itv’, iii gaue to the Churche . at the tyme of his Deathe Salsa Itm’ recuyd of a like legacye geven by Thoms Kerde ME iiij’. Itm’ receuyd of a like legacy geven by Thoms Baker ati py Itm’ receuyd of Willm fforward for a Seate vj’. Itm’ of John Syle . for a Seate iiij’. Itm’ Receuyd of the Encreaee and pfytte of the Churche) re, at Ale . for the ffyrste yeare . videlt an° Dni: 1559: J* J: Item Receuyd i in the Seconde yere of Thomas Kyng a for a seate in the bodye of the Churche a; ae Itm’ of Thoms lucas for a Seate . by the pulpytte Wik Im’ for an olde bourde solde oute of the Churehe viij’. Itm’ Receuyd of the Encrease and pffytte of the Church) Ale . thies Seconde yere . videlt An° Dni: 1560: he Sm’ of the Receiptes xxj". v*. vij‘. ob. ij. xij’. also Charged . with money remaynyng in the hands of Robert lambert ./ of the arrerags of his laste accompte Sum’ To of theire hole charge Whereof payde for a Boke of the Englisshe byble to) é be used in the Churche.acco'dyng to the Iniunccons. J xxvj’s Vir. Itm’ payed to a plommer.for ledde. Tynne.and Towea yea ij to amende the leddes of the Churche . & the Towre Nieeer. A, Itm’ payed to the same plomber . for his wages. and his table ./ and for woode . and other necessaryes Itm’ payed for a boke of the Comunyon . iij bokes of the 2a psalter . and too other bokes to syng the suyce yn psi i Itm’ payed for the Charges and Expences of the Churche wardeyns . and of others of the parisheners . beyng before the Quene’s ma'** vysytors at Sar ./ and for theire billes there Itm’ for a bawdrick for one of the Belles xxijé Itm’ the Sayd Wolstane ffoster . and Thomas Wattes . be } oe | xxi v®. vij*. ob. xvj*. vo. | viij®. viij’. —_—— Transeribed by T. H. Baker. 31 Itm’ for takyng downe of the Aultares . by comanndement Wee. of the Quenes vysytors aforesayd q: Itm’ for takynge downe of the Rode in the Churche vj*. Itm’ for wasshyng oute of the Rode . and the trynyte viij’. Itm’ for lyme for the same vij‘. Itm’ for mattes for the Churche aft Itm’ for a Corde for the Organs ify Itm’ for paper to amende the Organs vas Itm’ for the expence of the Sayd Churchewardeyns. and of) other of the parochianers there . Rydyng twyes to Sar. to }-ij*. x4. the vysitacon . and for receuyng of theire billes there J Itm’ payed to the Clerke. for his labo' for the makyngeof | an billes of the nombre of the people.by the quenes comyssyon J *"- Itm’ for the Charges and expences of the Sayd Churche wardeyns . and of others of the parisheners . there . beynge at another tyme before the Quenes mats com. myssyonrs at Sar—for Causes Cone’nynyng the order of [v°. iij?. the Churche ./. And for the makyng of theire billes there . the same tyme Itm’ payed for a forme . for the Churche vj’. Itm’ payed for pricke songe bokes for the Quyer viij’. viij’. Itm’ for the mendyng of one of the belle wheales ij®. vj. Itm’ payed for iij belle Ropes yjs. Itm’ for iiij** Bawderickes for the belles ix’. Itm’ for the glewynge of the Cappes of the Organs xij, Itm’for the hyre of certeyn pewter vessell at the Churche ale./ JES and for one platter wch® was loste there 5 fie Itm’ for Castyng of the plomett of the Clock iiij4. Itm’ for amendyng of the Styles . in the Churcheyard. xv!, Itm’ payed for Smoke fferthynges . the ffyrste yere mex Itm’ payed to Robte ffourde . for the nursynge of a poure)..., ...-4 childe.whiche is nursed. at the Charges of the ey Te aa Itm’ payed to Water Alford . for the amendynge of the)..., _.4 wheales of the belles } i rape Itm’ payed to Thoms Alyn for strakes of Iron. for) the same wheales . for the belles Itm’ payed for the Iniuncons . whiche came from the bysshop vj‘. Itm’ payed to Thomas Jerard the Bedeman for his) wages . for blowyng of the Organs . for one yere f Itm’ payed for the Charges of the Churchewardeyns aye At a vysitacon at Warmyster . and for theire billes eet Vek Itm’ payed to Richard Beale . Alias ffyssher the Clerke of } xx’, xij. ij’. the markette . at Hyndon.for a Rewarde or brybe.whiche he extorted of the parishe . by colo’. of his office Itm’ to S". Richard Johnson . for a Surplesse RE Im’ for a Rope . for the greate belle ij’. iiij?. Itm’ for the defacynge of the Images of the xij Apostles see whiche were paynted in the fface of the Rode lofte \ mis Itm’ for a boke of the paraphrasis of Erasmus Vine Itm’ to Jerard the Bedeman . for his wages for i blowyng of the Organs . for the Seconde yere i}. 32 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Itm’ to Hugh Barstaple for settynge on of the Crestes viii of tyle apon the Churche . and for lyme for the same i Itm’ for bryngyng home of the greate Crocke of the noe parishe from Gillyngham . to Mere le Itm’ to John Shepard for a pcessyonall boke nih Bp Itm’ there is allowed to the sayd Wolstane ffoster and vj®. viij". Thomas Wattes in consideracon of the ffalle of the -xxvj°.viij". coyne of money . by fforce of the Quenes ma" pelamation thies yere of the Churche stock re- maynyng in theire handes Sm’ of the payments ix". ix’. viij*. And so Remayneth in stocke Clere to the) . +; =. =: use of the Ghiiralis pa ie. BE cabs whiche do depende In the handes of the sayd Wolstane ffoster and Thomas Wattes . Churchewardeyns nowe Ac- -x'.ix*.iij‘.ob. comptannts And in thandes of Robte lamberte late one of the Churche- \ wardeyns Itm’ at this day videlt the Tuysday in the Easter weke . es the vij day of Aprill. an®. Dni: 1561: et An®°. Tercio RR" Elizabeth /. Randall ffoster alias Banester and Richard Kendall the yong’. were Chosen Churchewardeyns. for the paryshe of Mere ./ And to Contynue in the same for too yeres . nexte en- suynge accordyng to the Anncyent order and agrement of the parishe for that purpose./ And thereapon the same daye and yere abouemencyoned . the sayd Wolstane ffoster and Thomas Wattes.late Churchewardeyns. haue delyu’ed unto the sayd Randall Banester and Richard Kendall. Church Aswell the sayd some of x". ix’. iij". ob. peell of the arrerages of goods. theire laste accompte ./. As also xj Sylv’ spones . whereof one is broken . with too crockes . and all such other goodes . Im- plementes . and necessaries . as remayneth in the handes or kepyng of the sayd Wolstane and Thomas . of the Chureche goodes ./. Sauyng the sayd Some of xx*. yet Remaynyng in the handes of Robert lambert/. Itm’ Thomas Chafyn thelder . and xpofer Dodyngton Esquyers . are Chosen and appoynted at this daye . Surveyo™ and Ov’seer of the parishen’s of Mere . for the Reparacon and amendemen Waywardens/. of the high wayes withyn the sayd parishe . for the terme of one yere . nowe nexte ensuyng . Accordyng to the fform of the Statute in that behaulf made and puyded /. Item for Gerrard his worke, sheep skins and glue iij®. iiij”, Item for the Gyners worke iiij’. Item for one hundred and twentie foote of bord vj‘. Item for iiij peeses of square timber xxij4. Item paied to the Gyners for the tymber work x’, via about the Organs ey, Item for Clamps and nailes viij’. Item for vj sheepskins ihe Item for board nailes & sprig nayles vj. Item for a pownd of wyer xvjt. Item for a bushell of Charcole line Item for the Organ makers tooles and nailes xx Item for ij pownd and a half of glue x Item for the Organ makers boord ij’. Item paied to the Organ maker for his work xiiijs. iiij*. Item for wyne xiij’. Item paied for making of the North Pewe ' e wthout the Quire Dore : Item for gymewes and nailes xxj?, Item paied to the Somner xij", Transcribed by T. H. Baker. Item to Barnabie Hayward for vj planks) and a square peece J Item for quare timber and iij planks Item for nailes and sprigs Item paied to Edwards for leather Ttem for wyne Item for mending of the baudrick of the bells Item for nailes Item for making of the south pew wthout i the Quire Dore Item for a Daies worke to the Gyner Item for the Joyners their bed Item for wyne and bread Item for wyne Item for the new working of the third bells clypper Item for a new Lantorne Item for the greate belle his rope Item for oyle Item for the charges of the Queene her Ma's) Daie of rynging Item for mending of two Baudricks Item for mending of two Clypper Item for bread and wyne Item for a new Baudrick for the third bell Item for wyne Item for a Cord for the Clock iije, vitj’. xij", Item for mending of the glasse of the Church windowes xvjt. Item for wyne Item for riding to a Commission at the LUNE) for the Queene her mati paied for the making of our bill J Item for the deliu’ing of our bill Item for horse meate and mans meate It for two new Wycketts in the Churchyard twist catches and latches Item for a rope for the fowerth bell Item for the mending of the Church porch and poynting of the same leads Item for the Bedmans wages Item for washing of the Church clothes Item for bread and wyne for Easter comes to Sma payme Item they have paied to Edward Dick for the rent of the Schoole house for one yeare and a halfe ended at the Anunciacon of our Lady last at xx°. by the yeare by the consente of the pishioners Sma To solue x", vijs. xj4. ijs. xiiiy®. vjt. SOG 52 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Meere The first Accompt of Thomas Gyldon and 1577 Robte Clyves wardens of the pish of Meere aforesaid Meer octavo die for one yeare ended the daie and yeare aboue said as Aprilis xix™? Regni. followeth. Dne Elizabeth ffirst they are charged w"" xij" iy’. iij*. for Regine Angl &c. the Arrerages of the last Accompt of the Arrerags. Stock of the said Church made by Thomas xij ays ij" King and John Longyere late Church- wardens there as pticulerlie appeareth in the ffoote of their accompte Sma patet. Alsoe they are charged w™ ij’. for the rent of Nicholas Clement for one yeare ended at | the ffeast of Thannuciacon of the Virgin Marye last paste | Sma patet Alsoe they are charged w"" viij®. x*. by them receiued of Thomas Watts and Thomas Aborrowe Distributers to the poore, of money wt was left uppon their Accompt Also they are charged w™ ij’. iiij*. to be | receiued by them of the Tithing of Knoyle ' tint, Mat peell of a more some of money paid for Cupps J sabe viij®. x*. Sma xij. ij? Alsoe they are charged of the pfitts of the Ale made to the use of the Church w'hin the f tyme of their Accompt by these Accomptnants Alsoe they are charged w™ xij’. ix. by them receiued wthin the tyme of this Accompt for the holy loffe yearelie payable to the Church Of the pfitts of any Seates sold in the saree this yeare vj. xij’. Sma patt. alge So Sma of all the receipts wt" the Arrerags whereof Allowances They are allowed of xl*. by them paied and laied out to Henry Swettenham for the ffyne of one Cottage wt A Curtilage and grarden in Deanes Orchard purchased Cottage by Willm Chafyn Esquio' Willm Dodington \ xl. | J | ist xs jc. purchased gent . Thomas Awbrey thunger gen’ in Deanes Thomas Alford the sonne of Xpofer Alford orchard. John Coward and John Bishopp to the use of the pish of Meere for terme of xxx yeares at the yearelie rent of vj*. viij*. Alsoe allowed to them viij". ix*. viit, ob. for) money by them laied out w'hin the time of this accompt for bread and wyne for the Church for repacons done uppon the ledds of the Church for the Skoolehouse rent, > for repacons don about the Church and | | J viij". ix. vij’. ob. the Bells and for other necessary expencs about the Church and for the pish as pticulerlie appeareth by a pill thereof made stet stet stet Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 53 Sm* x", ixsvijd. ob / And soe they owe ix, vj. ob. W°" doe depend Uppon Nicholas Clement for the arrerages of his rent for vij yeares at ij’. by the yeare ut of money unpaied for the buriall of Leonard nae Chafyn thunger gen’ in the Church \ ae John Gough of money remayning in his hands xiij®. iiij’. Leonard Cowlie for his mothers legasie exes Uppon Joane Sharpe for the arrerages of the i rent for the Cottage shee dwelleth in Uppon these Accomptannts uppon the determy- nacon of this their Accompt Thomas Gyldon and Robte Cleeves doe remayne Churchwardens for this yeare to come according to the old custom /. Symon Gamlyn is appointed Cuckow King and John Watts to be Prince this yeare. At this Daie Richard Hill for Seales Edward Chafin gent for Meere Thomas Watts for Woodland are chosen to be Wardens for the hygh wayes for this yeare to come / vij)*. iiij’. x*. ob. The peticons made by Thomas Gyldon and Thomas Clyves Wardens of the Church there uppon their first accompt for one whole yeare ended and made the vij'® daie of Aprill Anno xix™ Regine Elizabethe A° 1577. first they aske allowannce of money laide out ] and paied by them for thred and paper to make vj". song bookes for the Church Paied to Willm Sanders for the making of at xij song bookes and the pricking of them i x ffor bread and wyne layed out at seu’all e' tymes wthin the yeare XX] paied to A Plumer for two daies work for sie himself and his man at ij. a daie i my paied to the same Plumer for 1xj pownd ) lis. sia and a half ffor Soder at x‘ the pownde| ve paied for mending of the Clock iijs. paied for oyle for the Bells vje. paied for mending of the Clap of the Third bell xij’. paied for the head of a Badg’ or a gray pron tu paied more for newe working of the|Claps of the Sane _ Third bell and little Bell nat paied for the mending of A Bawdrick viij’. ffor the mending of another Bawdrick xviij@. ffor leather to Amend the same Bawdrick xvj?. for a Rope for the Clock xxij", paied to Edward Dick for one whole yeares aes ee for the Schoole house pre 54 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. paied for mending of the wickett to the Churchyard xix: paied for a pownd of Candles iij*. ob. stet paied to Ringers at the Daie of the Coronacon of the ela Quene’s Mat wt" yj4. laied out by the Clarke } Sats paied for mending of a ffurnes mouth vg: paied to Mr. Blackers man the Register for writing xij’. to Wm Clark for writing iiij’, and to the sumer iij* at two sundrie times xx‘. J paied for the lone of pewter vessell xij? paied for a Bell rope ips es Item allowed for fees—paed to Mr. Popham x*. and M' Grove x’. for Counsell uppon shew of the Chree | of Meere at Thassizes and laied out by Tho: Awbrey re gent and Xpofer Alford paied for the washing of the Surpleses ij’. paied for the Bedman’s wages ij’. Sm* viij*. ix*. vij4. ob. /lee/. Note.—The above payments, from “ ffirst they aske,” &c., are crossed in the book, but as ‘‘ stet”’ is inserted in the margin I conclude they are intended to stand.—[T.H.B.] Meere: The Second accompt of Thomas 1578: Gyldon and Robte Cleeves wardens Meere Ultimo Die Marcij of the pish Church of Meere aforesaid An® xx™ Regni Dn’ for one whole yeare ended the mundaie ; Elizabeth Rne Angl &e next after Easter viz the last daie of March Anno Dni 1578. in the xxth yeare of the raigne of our said sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth A° Dni 1578 Arrerages ffirst they are charged w' ix" yj? ob for the arrerages of the last accompt of the | Stock of the said Church made by the said ix!) vjo. ob: Accomptants as pticulerlie appeareth in the | foote of their accompt for that yeare Sm* pt. Clements rent Also they are Charged with ij’. for the Rent of Nicholas Clement for one yeare ended at the ffeast of Thanncyacon of the virgin Mary si last past sm* patet Of the holy loffe receiued this yeare xiij’. Item for Legasies as appeareth in the pticulers of the accompt xiy*. xo Item for the pfitts of the pish Ale this yilk yeare all charges allowed J: Sm*qijtawy: x4 Item for Seates in the Church sold this yeare as appeareth by a bill of the pticulers | xiij®. iiij*. thereof Sm* ply pth J Sm? of all the | receipts with ;xvij'. ij’. viij*. ob. the arrerages if whereof Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 55 paied for the repacons of the Church, the bells, the Organs, bread and wyne and other charges, as appeareth by a bill of pticulers thereof examed uppon this accompt And soe remaineth x", ys. j4. ob / which doe depend Apon Nicholas Clement for the arrerages of his rent ) for viij yeares at ij’. by the yeare w" this yeare J Of money unpaied for the burying of Leonard Chafin thunger gent. in the Church John Gough of money remayning in his hands ] w* was deliu’ed unto him by John Sheppard | xiij®. iiij’. Churchwarden, towards the finding of a child J Leonard Cowley for his mothers legasie by his owne pmise Joane Sharp widdowe for the arrerages of the rent of the Cottage shee dwelleth in Apon these accomptants uppon the determy) nacon of this their accompt J vj!t. xvijs. vij4. XVj*. vj®- viij4. xx4, viij. vij*. v?. ob. whereof Allowed to theis Accomptants for money disbursed by them towards the Clarks wages the yeare last past, as appeareth in a note under the last accompte And soe remayneth Wea See cleerely in there hands co cay VOM This Daie John fforward of Meere and Edward fford are elected Churchwards tot to contynue for two yeares according to the old custome./ | xvs. x4, = {- wer te = This Daie John Watts is appointed to contynue Cuckowe King for this yeare next to come. because he was prince the last yeare. and Thomas Crouch thunger to be Prince according to the old custome./ This Daie Thomas Barnard of Meere Thomas Alford of Hinckesmill and Thomas Alford of Meere are elected Surveyo's for the high waies for this next yeare. An° 1577 Receiued by Thomas Gyldon and Robte Clyve Item Mr. Leonard Chafyns wyves al vj.) new in Sainte Lukes Ile seates in one seate, Item John Tovyes wiues seate vj*. }Saint Item John ffosters wiues seate vj?. | Lukes Item James Kings wyves seate vji.} Ile Item Henry Swetmans wyves seate yj*. Item Thomas Lewys wives seate vj") a new Item Symon Crouches wiues seate before Mr Leonard Chafyns wife } et Item John ffrithes wyves seate late Mary Gamlyns widdow } OT lor} Chantry Ile be made before his seate in the Chauntery payments The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item John Chisletts wyves seate late | Ankarett Chisletts Item Robte Hollowaies wyves seate late Ellyn Clements } Item Thomas Hamonds wyves seate | late Tho : Gyldons i Item Thomas Hewitts wyves seate | late Roger Hewitts Item Richard Sangars wyves seate | late Walter Barstaples k Item Henry Bengerfields wyves seate late Joane Guyres } Item Willm Gyldons wyves seate | late Betwods j Item John Edwards wyves seate | late Henry Burges wyves ) Item Michaell Lanyngs seate late ) Tho : Bournes seate ) Item Thomas Hortons seate late Raufe Bells Item John Segrams seate late ) Thomas Newmans seate ) Item Robte Buggas wyves seate late | John Tovyes wife Item of Leonard Dodington for his seate Thomas Gyldon for his wiues seate late | Agnes Wests seate Robte Clyves for his wyves seate late) Alice Permans ) Item of Henry Rogers als Ball for a seate) for his wife late Agnes Hewitts Thomas Awbrey gent for a new seate to | Ile xij‘. and for another seate to be made | behinde the Dore in the same Je xij". Thomas Som’ for a seate behind y* pillar Smi* xij’. iiij’. A note of Charges laied forth by Thomas Gyldon and Robte Clyves Churchwardens touching their Second Accompt begun the ix" Daie of Aprill and ended the xxxjth daie of March A° 1578 Item for leather to mend two Bauders Item for leather for one new baudrye for) the greate bell Item for workman shipp for the same Item for ix bushells of lyme Item for two hundred of lathes Item for nayles Item to the Hellior Item for the Bedman’s wages Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 57 Item for mending of the little bell and ) the Third bells baudrick “i Item for nailes and one Buckell for y* great bell vie Item for mending of the Clock ij". Item M* Awbrey had for the freedome the Bedman yearelie hath accus- xij. 1x tomablie receyved to his own use on Easter Daie Legacies/. Item they are charged w" ij’. vj*. for legacs gyven to the Church this yeare viz: of the guift of Willm Baken xij‘. of ij. vjt. Thomas Watts vj*. for the ringing of Mr Mitchells knell xij". Seates Item they are charged w* iiij’. x“. by sold. them receyved for seates in the Church sold this yeare as appeareth pticulerly by a bill heareunto annexed. Colleccon Alsoe they are charged w xvij!. vj*. iiij*. for the Chureh by them receyved wthin the time of this and payment Accompt of money collected of the xvii" -vi®. iiié of the Clarks pishion's for and towards the repacons Slee wages. of the Church and paym*. of the Clarkes wages this yeare Nicollas Also they are charged w'" ijs. for the Clements. Rent of Nicholas Clement for the rent/. moytie of a Tenem' sometime Axes i due at the ffeast of Thannciacon of ot Ladie last past Profitts of Alsoe they are charged w' Ixiiij*. the Church this yeare made by them of a Ixiiijs. Ale/. profitts of A Church ale Also they are charged w' xj, iij*. for the ou’plus w* remaineth for the alteracon of the Chalosse for the Comunion cupp Alsoe they are charged w xx‘, by them receiued of Leonard Cowley for a legacie giuen to the Church by Joane Cowley his mother Alsoe they are charged w* x°. ij*. for the Arrerages of Diu’s psons towards the paym! of the Clarkes wages and the xe lyfe Church money which was sett in sup uppon the last accompt Sma xxix!, vij’. ij. ob / xxxij'. iiijs. viij’. ob. whereof Allowances Allowed to the Churchwardens for their fees for the colleccon of the Clarkes wages ij’. viij4. and the Church money ii The clarks Paied to Willm Sanders pish oe} viij4, wages _ for his wages this yeare Reparacons Paied for the repacons of the Church the bells the ledds and the organs, bread, wine and other charges as pticu- viij", x*, ix lerlie appeareth by a bill made thereof shewed and examied uppon this accompt Tyee xj. ij’. xx4, forgeven Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 63 Sma xvj", xiijs. v4. And soe remayneth xiij", xiij*. ix, ob. xvii, xj®. ij. ob. which doth depend Apon Nicholas Clement for the arrerages of his rent of a Tenem* in Salisbury streete sometimes John Axes for x yeares w” two shillings for this yeare Of money unpaied for the buriall of Leonard Chafin gen . in the Chauntery Ile Apon John Gough of money remayning in his hands w*" was deliu’ed unto him by John Sheppard for the finding of a poore Childe named Gyles w* money the said xii’. iiij’. Gough pmised to paie by iij*. iiij* every quarter at the accompt made the xx‘ daie of Aprill Anno RRne Eliz : xxj. uppon diu’s psons named in a bill heare | yj°. viij". unto annexed for their arrerages for the repacons of the Church and the Clarks wages Apon the said Accomptants cleere uppon the determynacons of their accompt. Memorand at this accompt diu’s somes of money be forgyven by the whole pish of their arrerages due to the Church and to the Clarke. Some in Consideracon of their pou'tie, and some for other causes. That is to saie to Edward Gardner iiij*. George Sheppd xvjt. to Thomas Cooke iiij*. Joane Sharp viij*. To Barnaby Hayward for his paines for the Colleccon of the Church money viij‘. To Robte Perman viij’. To John Hopkins de ceased viij*. to Coxhill iiij*. to John James deceased ilij*. to Rowland Goslyn viij’. to Robte Clavy iiij*. And to George Parker viij*. Sm* vij’. At this daie are elected Church Wardens for two yeares next ensueing John Tovy glover and Phillip Hendy At this daie are elected Surveyo" for the high waies for this yeare now to come Thomas Awbrey senior John Sheppard and Richard Hill The Receipts of Edward fford and John fforward Churchwardens A. 1579. first receiued for the guift gyven by the will of) Willm Baker } Receiued for the guift of Thomas Watts vjt. Receiued of Mr. Thomas Awbry thunger for the guift of Mr. Michell i Sma ij’. vj%. xiij’. xij! xviij®. iij". ob. xij@. xij2, 64 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. The layings out of Edward fford and John fforward Churchwardens Anno 1579 Item laied out for wine for a Comunion Item for wine for ij Comunions Item for iij pints of wine for a communion Item for iij pints of wine more for a common’ Item for wine for a common’ on Christmas Day Item for wine for the Comunon before Shroft Sunday Item for wine for another Comunion ' Item for wine to goe to sicke folks Item for lyme to playster the Church Item paied to \Villm Bellie for the laying of two Tombstones uppon the graves of Mr. Christofer Dodingtons two sonnes \ j Item paied to the plumer for his worke and stuffe about the Churche as neede was Item paied to Willm Clarke for wood for the Pumer } Item paied to Mr Deanes Clark at his Visitacon Court Item paied to the Sumner at that an Item paied for glewe for the Organs Item paied to Willm Bellie for playstering about the leads Item paied for leather for the mending of a bawdrick Item for the making of three bawdricks to Willm Belly Item paied to Willi Bellie for his wages Item paied for a Cord for the Organs Item paied to Willm Belly for the makeing a the Second bell bawdrick Item paied to Mr. Leonard Chafin mans or) ij ffoxes heads Item paied to Edward Dick for half a yeares rent at St. Michaell Tharchangell last past Item paied for bread for the Communion this yeare Item paied for wine for ij Comunions Item paied more for wine for the Comunion Item paied for wine against palme sunday Item paied for wine the same weeke following Item paied for wine on Easter even at uppon HKaster Day for the Comunions Item for a Comunion Booke Item paied to the glasier Item paied to Edward Dick for his half) yeares rent ) Item paied the Clarke of the markett Item paied to John Chappington for two } yeares for the Organs j Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 65 Item paied to Walter Alford for trussing) iis, Gig up of the little bell j Le Ji Item paied to the keeper of the Clock for two yeares aa Item paied for a rope for the great bell ij’. viij. ltem paied for drink at the Ringing day nd: xija our queene Item paied to Allen the Smith for mending ee of the wheele of the Clock ee Item paied for mending of the great bell wheele vj4. Item paied for spriggs and nayles Th Item paied for ij keyes for the bells ij? Item for an Iron fos the Organs ihe Item paied for the mending of the Organs viij?. Item paied for a buckell for the great bell iiij4. Item paied for oyle this yeare for the bells viij*. Item paied for a bawdrick xviij*. Item paied for washing of the Cloth in the Church iiij’. Item paied for the gudging of the little bell iiij*. Item paied to Richard Gyldon for wood one for the plumer } as Item paied to Willm Bellie for the fi makeing of the Second bells bawdrick vy Sm* viij!. x°, ix’, 1579. The Chalis Yo" Challis weyes xij oz at iiij*. viij¢. changed/. the oz./ some is lvj’. of yours. The new Cupp weyes vij oz and half at v*. x". the oz. the some xlviij*. q John Atkins resteth xj. iij4.? Receites for seates anno 1579. Item receiued of Richard Gyldon for his ffathers seate vji. Receiued of Thomas Watts for his ffathers seate vji. Receiued of Robte Hewitt for John Gamlings seate iiij?. Receiued of Robte Chislett of Woodland for his ) w‘" was deliu’d unto him by John Sheppard | for the fynding of a pore Child named Gyles w* { money the said Gough pmised to paie by the suertiship of Robt Bishopp and Henry Swetman | on Whit Sunday next. And for vj. viij*. more dewe by the said John | Gough ; it is nowe forgyven by the consent of the whole pish J Sm* xlijs./ 67 viij". xv. x4, lv, dij’, xij’. xxij. vj*. viij4. vjt. viij%. vj*. viij%. bo 68 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. And soe they owe xx". vj°. iij’. Which doe depend Thomas Bartlett for one whole yeare viij*. Giles Som’feild for one yeare xvji. Richard Joye als Cox viij*. Margery Pyke for this yeare vjij*. upon Item the same Margery for tharrerages ) of the last yeare Michaell Gamlyn for this yeare xvj?. the same Michaell for tharrerags of the last yeare Thomas Barber for this yeare viij*. Sm! vij’. iiij’. And soe they owe xix. xviij®. xj‘. | and they owe more for tharrerages of Kix xix", xo, Thomas Cowheard xij‘. soe they owe J John Long John fforward of the | Surveyo™ of the Towne, and Edward| highwaies fford Receiptes. The ffirst Accompt of Phillip Hendy and John Tovy the xxvijth of mayAn° 1581: The seate of Agnis Watts sold by Phillip ] Hendy & John Tovy Churehwardens to John Comme in the north side of the Church if receiued of him to the use of the Church The seate of Mawd Segram sold to Willm Hewitt) for his wife in the South side of the Church iiij*, receiued of him J The fore seate of Thomas Alford sold to Master ) “ John Sheppard f vy: Receyved of Master Willm Dirdo for the buryall) of his wife in the Church J Receiued a Legasie of Roger Monck vj. Receiued of Robte Dowding of Knoyle for) Bese : a Sa ringing of his knell The seate of Roger Monks sold to John Lucas oa in the midst of the Church bt Gyven by Mr. Mylls of the Tempell for) “4 ringing of the Bells J ‘Es The fore seate of Robte White sold to James) “4 King in the south side of the Church J be The seate of Margery Chislett sold to John) Chislett her sonne in the south side of iiij*. the Church for J Receiued of Willm Bellie for the holie loafe aie he Receiued of M'. George Bodnam for rynging | xviiid and breaking of a bell rope J aa Paym" by Phillip Hendy and John Tovy at their first Accompt made the XXvij daie of March A® 1581. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 69 Laied out for the Commion’ for Wine fyve i} quarts and a pinte of sweet wine at viij‘. ij? the quart and a quart of Clarett wyne at vi and for the Comunion’ bread ij’. for wyne for the Commuion for this time of s sd Easter laied out lg Mi Alsoe laied out for Common bred for this time vij’*. layd out for the halfe yeares rent of the schoolhouse x*. laied out to M'. Wilcox som’ the Clark of the markett viij*. Item for glasing and mending of one wyndowe in the South side of the Church, and for mending } vj of other windowes in the Church Item for half a pownd of glue ij’. Item for a rope for the iij bell ij®. viij*. Item for a Bawdrick for the little bell ij’. Item for mending of the great bell bawdrick iiij*. Item for two prayer bookes sent by the Pact viii? to the Church for the Earthquake J Item for oyle for the Bells j*. ob. Item for a pownd of sope to wash the Church olothes iij?. Item for oyle for the bells iit, Item for six Clampps of Iron for the great bells aeeal wheele \ es Item for a rope for the great bell ij’. viij*. Item for a rope for the ffowerth bell ij’. Item for leather bought for the great bells bawdrick ij*. iiij*. paied to Willm Bellie for making of it iiij4. Item for leather for the iij bells bawdrick iiij’, Item paied to Willm Bellie for making of it iiij®. Paied to the Parriter iiij*. it was for a presentm' SAG for those w™ would not come to their Church oat Item for a Lyning for the Comunion cloth iijs. And for mending and setting in the ee paied to Willm Clarke Item for thred for the same rhe Item for nayles for mending three seates in ea the north side of the Church \ ale Laied out for the Articles wrote at the ape Visitacon Court } pir: |e Paied to Pynnill the Somner viij*, Laied out for making of one iron Crooke w was for the Clock ij4. laied out for wyer for the Clock ij’. Item for sope j*. ob. Item for iiij Clamps of ironn for the communion Ey board \ a Item for matters w'" came from the Counsell \ for an enquiry for all those that were beyond xs the Seaes laied out Item for the little bells bawdrick ij*. 70 The Churchwardens Accounts of Mere. Item paied to Willm Belly for making of it xij? Item for leather to mend the ii bells bawdrick iiij’. Item for Leather for the second bells bawdrick vj¢. Paied to Willm Bellie for making of it ij’, paied to Willm Bellie for blowing the biilowes | of the Organs J Item paied to the pish Clarke for one whole yeares wages due to him at the ffeast of viij!". Thannciacon of o Ladie now last past. J Sm* xj. xj*. j2. Meere The Second Accompt of John Tovy 1582: and Phillip Hendy Wardens of the pish Church of Meere fot one whole yeare ended the munday next after Easter viz: the xvjth Daie of Aprill in the xxiiij'" yeare of the raigne of o' sou’aigne Lady Elizabeth &e 1582 The church Imprms they are charged w"" xix!!, xix®, xj* Stock of the Stock of the Church of the last accompt made by John Tovy and Phillipp Hendy xix, xix*. xj’. as pticulerly appeareth in the foote of their accompt Item receiued of Willm Bellie for the rent The holy of the holie loafe receyved this yeare over & | Loafe/ above iij*. w"" the Bedman yearly hath Kijes ix". accustomably receyved to his owne use on | Easter Day Item of Thomas Awbrey the younger for the burying of Mary his Daughter in the | Burialls/ Channtry Ile vj*. viij’. And of Mr. Leonard Chafyn for the buryall of his wife in | our Lady Ile vj°. viij*. xij’. iiij*. Seates Item receyved by them for x seates sold by | sis, via them this yeare as appeareth by their bill J sce deat Item they are charged w'” money by them The Colleccon receyved of the pisshioners there wthin the for the Church tyme of this Accompt collected towards tig ete and paymt of the repacons of the Church and the wages aN» NE the Clarks wages of the pish Clarke according to a booke of rates made for the colleccon of the same Alsoe they are charged wth two shillings for the rent of Nicholas Clement for this a yeare past over and besides xxij*. due for xi yeares las past. Item they are charged wth the rent of a Cottage of late | Joane Sharps and now in the tenure of Henry Coles als Bengerfeild in Bore Street for vij yeares behinde J Sm* tots xl xviij@. Whereof they are to be allowed viz: Transcribed by T'. H. Baker. 71 Clarkes Inpmis paied by them to the pish wages/. Clark for one whole yeares wages due to | oe him at the ffeast of Thannciaon’ of | vuy": our Lady now last past the sum* of Item they are allowed of money by them ] Bread paied for bread and wine for this yeare xix’, jd and viz for ix Comunions viij*. iiij*. and for cals wine/. bread and wine for the Easter x°*. ix’. A new Bible. Item paied by the said ecaanen or for a new Bible Dyvers Item paied by them to the plumer to Charges / __ the tiler, for the charges of the bells and bell ropes & for Chapitons fee for the wi Saiaae isd Organs and diu’s other charges as ap- Py cate peareth in a pticuler bill exhibited by them at this accompt Item allowed to the Churchwardens for their pte of the Colleccon and contribucon | towards the repacons of the Church and | sa Viijo. xviij®. vj¢. Clarks wages in Consideracon of their travell these ij yeares And soe remayneth in their ae papi lets hands in aioe cleere xj Bota ie Whereof they crave allowance of xxxiij‘ 5) remayning unpaied by dyvers psons videlt | John Kastmeade iiij’. Willm Bond xij‘. | John Reed ij’. Humfry Momford xvj‘. Thomas Batt xvj*. John Dewe iiij*. | Gyles Som’feild ij*. viij«. Thomas Bartlett iiij’. Michaell Lanyng ij*. viij*. Richard Rawlyns viij’. Lucy Churchill xvj*. Thrusten Sanger ij’. John Alford sen’ xij‘. Phillipp Kendoll widdowe viij*. John Chislett x“. a Robte Perman iiij‘. Walter Greene ij*. Knight viij*, John Perman iiij*. Margery Pike | widdowe xvj‘. Michaell Gamlyn vj’. John Orchard ij*. Thomas Barber viij*. Johan | Hacker widdowe vj‘. Willm Bryning xvj¢ Robte Chislett vj*. John Ollyffe vj*. Richard | Hill xviij*. Roger Monck viij*. John Rogers ij‘. | Thomas Robyns ij*. viij*. Willm Parsons viij‘. as appeareth seu’ally uppon their heads J) xxxiij®. And soe they owe xx", vs, vj%. At this Daie are elected Churchwardens for two yeares next ensueing Richard Gyldon and Nicholas Clement At this Day are elected Surveyors of the high waies for this yeare now to come John Longyer =. John fforward of Whitmarsh and John ra Bishopp. 72 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Meere A° Dni_ The first Accompt of Richard 1583 : Gyldon and Nicholas Clement Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare ended the mundaie next after Easter viz the ffirst Daie of Aprill in the xxv yeare of the raigne of our sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth Queene of England, &c. Imprms they be charged w't xxj". xviij*. The church vj*. of the Stock of the Church at the last stock Accompt made by John Tovy and Phillip Hendy the last Churchwardens as pticulerly appeareth in the foote of their accompt. Item receiued of Willm Belly for the rent \ xxji, xviij’. vj*. The holie/ _ of the holy loafe receyved this yeare ou’ and Loafe/ aboue iij*. w"* the Bedman yearlie hath xij’. ix’. accustomably receyved to his owne use on Easter Daie Item they are charged with money by them The Colleccon receyved of the pishioners there w'hin the for the Church tyme of this accompt Collected towards “hat and payment the repacon’ of the Church and the wages at ee ofy® Clarks wages. of the pish Clark according to the Booke of Rates made for the colleccon of the same Item alsoe they are charged w"” ij®. for the if rent of Nicholas Clement for this yeare past ou’ and besides xxiijj* due for xij yeares last past J Item they are charged w'" a Cottage of late Joane Sharps and now in the tenure of iiij*. XXxvj*. Henry Coles als Bengerfields in Borestreet for viij yeares behinde Item receyved by them for a legasie of Legacies Randoll Ranisters xij’. Item receyved knells of Thomas Shuyle for a knell vj". Item angie and gyven by John Baker of Weston to the Church ij*. my". VJ - seates Item gyven by Henry Wallis for a knell vj*.gyven by Thomas Crouch for a seate vj’. The church Item made by the said Wardens for this | siijli. x*. iiij4 Ale yeare of their Ale by their owne travell J ae oy Sm* to" xlvi, ij. ij’. xliij2. xviij®. v4. Whereof they are to be allowed viz: Clarkes Inp’ms paied by them to the pish Clark wages for one whole yeares wages due to him at y‘ ffeast of Thanniciacon of ot Ladie now last past the some of | Item they prayeth allowannce of Xxvj*. | for the rent of Nicolas Clements house xxvj’. for xiij yeares. J Item they are allowed of money by them Bread & payed for Bread and Wyne for the Com- wyne munyecants for this yeare viz: for fyve xiij*. iij*. Comunions iiij’. And for Bread and Wyne for the Easter ix* iij*. viij". Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 73 Item paied by them to the Plumer, Tylers Dyvers for the charges of the Bells, and bell ropes Charges and Dyvers other charges as appeareth --viij. xvj‘. xiiij*. vj". in a pticuler bill exhibited by them at this accompt xvj. xiiij’. vij’. TEN xviij4, xiij*. ix* their allowance ae xxviij, vij®. viij’. iijs. x4. And soe remayneth xxvj". iiij®. viij*. At this Daie are ellected Surveyors of the high waies for this yeare now to come /. John Sheppard James King Thomas Lucas Robte Hewytt. Repacons of the Church exhibited the ffirst of Aprill Anno Regine Elizabethe xxv". 1583: Inpms paied to the Clarke of the markett xe Item paied for mending of ij bell Clyppers viij*. Item for wine and bread ix’, Item for a sack of lyme xij. Item for iij bell ropes viij*. Item for iij sacks of lyme iij*. Item for bread and wyne ix’, Item for washing of ij Surplises ij’. Item for Lath nailes iiij*. Item for lathes vj? Item for tylyng & plastering of the south iiiis side of the Church Ni Item for nayles : xij? Item for Bords ij®. vjt. Ttem for staples ij’. Item for mending of ths Tower wyndowes iiij*, vj". Item for the Paritor xijt, Item for the Register xvj4. Item for writing of the Articles for y* p’sentment xij. Item for paper iiij4, Item for Coppying out of buryalls i a xvie and weddings in the booke y- Item for the Gayle of ffisherton ; exes Item for bread and wyne ix’, Item for bread and wyne xy Item for nayles to mend the Church wickett ij Item for nayles for the great bell iiij? 74 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item paied John Allen for mending of y° staples | = of the bells } : Item hanging of the great bell ve, Item for mending of ij seats & iij benches x]. Item for Ringing for the Queene xij. Item for bread & wine for the Communions on | “a Christmas Day ay: Item paied to Willm Bellie for the whole yeares , wages for blowing the Organs \ oi Item for mending of the bells ij. xyj*. viij*. Item for wood for the sodring of the bells i Item for helping them about the bells ij’. Item for oyle for the Clock ij’. Item for bread & wyne for this p’sent Easter ix®. iij* Item for washing of the Surplises ie Item for glasing of the Church windowes xe Meere A° Dni The Second Accompt of Richard Gyldon 1584 : and Nicolas Clement Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare ended the mundaie next after Easter viz the xxth daie of Aprill in the xxvj yeare of the raigne of o' Sou’aigne Ladie Eliz ke. The church Inprms they be charged w™ xxviij" stock . iij’. x". of the stock of the Church at the sean last accompt made by the said Richard cep ae Gyldon and Nicolas Clement as ap- | bot peareth in the foote of their accompt Item receyved of Willm Bellie for the The holie rent of the Holie loafe receyved this yeare Loafe : over and above iij’. w°® the Bedman xij’. ix’. yearlie hath accustomablie receyved to his owne use on Easter Daie Item they are charged wth xvii, xvij®. viij?. The Collection receyved by them of the pishioners for the Church there win the tyme of this accompt collect- | vii xvij' and paym'. ed towards the repacons of the Chureh viij"* for the Clarks and the wages of the pish Clarke accord- . wages/. ing to a Booke of Rates for the repacons of the same Item they are charged w* ij. for the rent of Nicolas Clement for this yeare past over {sexi and besides xxvj*. due for xiij yeares last past . Item they are charged wt the rent of A Cottage late Joane Sharpe’s and nowe in the tenure of Henry Coles als Ben- gerfield in Boarstreete for viij yeares behinde Item receyved by them for Seates in the Seates/. Church this yeare by them sold as i dog eee appeareth pticulerlie by a bill thereof BN; made Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 75 Item they are charged as for soe much receyved by them for diu’s burialls in the Church Burialls/. _viz.: of Randoll Banister vj*. viij*. of xxvj®. viij*. Jerome Walgrave vj*. viij*. of Willm Tovy and Marie his wife xiij*. iiij*. Gifts Item they are charged w'" money by them and receyved w*" was gyven to the Church viz : Legasies Of John Lord Stourton xij". for a knell for fiiij*. x*. Chislett’s Daughter vj*. Of Thomas Cowards Executor iij®. iiij’. Sm* to*=xlvj! vijs. j*. our Whereof they are to be allowed as followeth one whole yeare’s wages dew to him at the fleast of Thannciation of our Lady now last past the some Item they are to be allowed of xxviij®. for the | rent of Nicolas Clement house for xiiij yeares J § behinde Item they are allowed of money by them paied xv. ijt Clarks wages/ Inprims paied by them to the pish Clarke for | viij"*. Xxviij’. for bread and wyne for v Commions and for bread and wyne for Easter Item paied by them for glasing of wyndowes mending of Bells and bell ropes and Dyvers lt yix*.vi4.ob/ other charges as appeareth by a bill pticulerly Mey a) ssn exhibited by them at this accompte Item they are allowed of xxx*. by them paied to Edward Dick for the rent of the schoole house for one yeare and half ended at the [;xxx*. ffeast of St. Michaell Tharchangell last past This is discharged from henceforth Sm! tot alloc | vif xij’. viij?. ob/ And soe they owe xxviij". xiiij*. iiij4. ob/ Att this Daie John Sheppard and Leonard Cowley are ellected Churchwardens for two yeares following./ And likewise at this Daie John Dodington, Willm Hinstridge Robte ffoster and Henry Monck are elected Wardens for the repacons of the high waies./ Item they are allowed for money behinde and not collected of Diu’s psons for the repacon of the Church and paym*. of the Clarks wages for the first yeare ended at their first accompt /vijs. vj?. being thought by the pish to bemen insufficient to pay the same as appeareth pticulerlie in a bill of their allowances heareunto annexed 76 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item they are allowed for money behind and not collected of Diu’s psons for the repacon of the Church and paym*t of the Clarks wages for the yeare ended at this Accompt being likewise thought by the pish to be men insufficient to paye the same as appeareth pticulerlie in the same bill of allowannces before rehearsed. Veins And soe this being allowed they owe i xxvij!, xj§. ix’, ob./. The second accompt of Richard Gyldon and Nicholas Clement Receipts for the Church xx™° Aprilis An° 1584 Item gyven by the said John Lord Stourton for a peale xij’. Item sold to Robte Hewytt for his wife a seate w*") was Wolston ffosters J vj". Item sold to Harry Chislett for his wife a eat viii’ Seats in in the Chaunsell v: y‘chancell Item for a grave for Jerome Walgroue Mr. ffranncis gaara Souche’s man in the Church \ Ye Item for a knell for Chisletts Daughter vj‘. Item sold to Henry Monck for a seate for his wife sold by the pish at this Church reckoning ; Item for a grave for Randoll Banister in the Church _ vj’. viij‘. Item for ij graves for Willm Tovy and his wife xiij’. liijd. viij’. Item for a seate for John ffishers wife w‘" was via mother Gyldons ac Item for a seate for Thomas Robyns wife w was vj! mother Snooks Item for a seate for Peter Colmans wife w™ was Bims iiij¢, Item sold to John Bishopp a seate w*" was his ffathers not the fore seate Item receiued for Thomas Cowards legasies iij’. iiij4, vj. Item sold to Willm Sanders for his wife a seate | viii O' Lady Ile in o' Ladie Ile J te Item sold to Thomas Gyldon of Seales a seate sf w*" was Willm Tovyes \ We Item sold to Willm Gyldon thunger a aa Sea w*" was Thomas Gyldons J: Item sold to Willm Gyldon thunger for his n wife a seate w" was mother Whitts } Nie Item sold to James Turner for his wife a | itis w" was Harry Colles y- Item sold to Willm Chislett for his wife a seate w°> was mother Colmans iiij4. Item sold to John Tovie of Wolverton for his ye oad a seate w°" was Marie Tovies 7: Item sold to Thomas Lawrannce for his shal vid a seate w°" was Nicholas Clements : Item sold to Robte ffoster a seate w’ was Randall | vie. Banisters. J Transcribed by T. H. Baker. Item sold to Robte ffoster for his wife a seatein ) our Ladie Ile j Item sold to Willm Browne for his wife a seate ) w°" was John Dewes ) Item for renewing of a seate for Margaret Somerfeild sold by the whole pish at this daie Item sold to John West a seate w*" was John Segrams iiij4. Item sold to Mary Alford a seate w‘* was mother | Underwoods Item sold to George Sheppard for his wife a) seate w° was John ffosters j Item sold to Thomas Croch the younger, a ) seate w‘" was his ffathers j Item sold to Thomas Croch thunger a wee w‘" was his mother’s for his wife Item sold to Nicholas Clement for his wife a seate which was Margerie Pikes and Thomas Crouch hath receiued of Nicholas Clement vj*. for his interest Item sold to Edward Dick for his wife a } seate w°? was mother Monks Some is ij", iiijs. An Inventorie of all the Goods belonging to the pish Church of Meere taken the xx daie of Aprill A° RRne Eliz xxvj 1584 and deliv’ed to John Sheppard and Leonard Cowley Churchwardens. Inp'mis a Comunion Cup with a cover of silver. Item a xj silver spoones wth rownd knapps whereof one of them the knapp is broken/. Item ij pillowes and ij Cushions. Item a xj lynnen clothes Item a horse cloyth. Item a new Cloyth for the Comunion table Item ij old cloyth for the Comunion table, one of Dammaske ltem ij greate brasen Crocks Item iiij*" Dosen of trenchers. Item iijj*' stone Cuppes Item iij Surplesses Item there were deliu’d by Thomas King and John Longyer iij Chests w“ then were in the Vestorie and one other which stode in the south Ie and in the Chauncell there were two Coffers. Item there bee two long fformes and ij benches and a table bord in the Crosshouse. Item there is alsoe an Iron lock w was of an old Chest. Item an Indenture made between Willm Chafyn gent and Richard Hill Churchwardens of Meere and John Brewer plumer deliu’ed to Henry Wallis the Churchwarden The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. of Meere to be deliu’ed to next Churchwardens when they are discharged. Charges laied out for the Church by Richard Gyldon and Nicholas Clement uppon their second accompt the xx™° Aprilis An° Rne El. xxvjto Item for a polle of leather to make bawdricks for the bells lies Item for makeing of them. Item for a rope for the clock Item for nailes for the bells Item laied out to the proctor of the marshalsee Item for trussing of the fourthe bell Item for ij salter bookes Item for nailes Item for oyle for the Clock Item for straps and nailes for the second bell Item for trussing of the third and mending of me first bell wheele Item for strapps and nailes Item for a peece of leather for bawdricks Item for a Buckle for a Bawdrick Item for nailes for the bell wheeles Item for glasing of the Church windowes Item for wood for fire for the glasing Item laied out at the Visitacon Court Item for making of a new wheele for the little bell Item for washing of the Church Clothes Item for a Clothe for the Comunion borde Item for mending of the lock of the north Dore Item for lead for the glasse wyndowes Item for bread and wyne Item to the gayle Item paied to Walter Alford for mending) of the bells Item paied to the viess Ttem paied for a staple Item paied for a rope Item paied for oyle Item paied for ij grayes heads Item paied to the Clark of the markett Item paied for making iij bawdricks Item paied for mending of ij bawdricks Item paied to Willm Belly for wages Item paied for a wheele for the fore bell Item paied to John Gyles for his stock remayning] J in the Church stock Item paied to Edward Dick for one yeares rent) and a half for the Schoolehouse Sm* vj. xiiijs. viij4. ob. ra < ~ jr Tr a ij’. jij’. iiij%. iij’. iiij". ij. viij*. xxx". 1iy2. iij’. vj®. viij’. sx —— Transcribed by T. H. baker. 79 Item they crave allowance of certaine money w‘ they cannot receyve of diu’s psons for the repacon’of the Church and paym‘'. of the Clark’s wages viz : of Tho:Parsons iiij*. of Henry Ball viij*.of John Dew viij". of Tho: Bartlett viij*. Richard Bartlett iiij’. John ffoster xij". John Alford aes sen xvj’. Willm Alford iiij‘. Henry Momford iiij’. them- (*Y J - selves being Churchwardens iiii*. viij’. John Orchard iij*. Luey White vj‘. Tho: Coward xvj*. Richard Hill ij*. John Hopkins viij*. for the yeare ended at this their second acconpt. Item they crave allowance of certayne money w*" they cannot receyve of diu’s psons for the repacon of the Church and paymt of the Clarks wages viz: Of George fforward ij*. John Dew vj‘. Tho: Bartlett vfij4. Willm Alford ij*. John Watts viij’. Joane Hopkins widdowe viij" for the yeare ended at their first accompt and for them selves being Churchwardens iiij* viij¢ soe in all vijsvj*. Meere A° Dni The first accompt of John Sheppard and 1585. Leonard Cowly Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare ended the mundaie next after Easter viz: the xijth daie of Aprill in the xxvij'* yeare of the raigne of our sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth Queene of England &c. The church Inprms they be charged wth xxvij". xj*. ix®. stock ob of the Stock of the Church at the last Accompt made by Richard Gildon and Sp uate ie Nicolas Clement the last Church Wardens [**V"- ¥J°- 1x". ob. as pticulerlie appeareth in the foote of their accompt The holy Item receyved of Robte Goodyn for the rent Loafe/. of the holy loafe receyved this yeare over and aboue iij*. w* the Bedman yearly hath accustomably receyued to his owne use on Easter day. Collecon of Item they are charged w'* money by them the Church rec of the pishioners there w'*in the tyme of and Paym'. this accompt Collected towards the repacons of the of the Church and the wages of the pish Clarke clark’s wages/. according to a Booke of rates made for the collecon of the same xij®. ix’, xvi, Xvje. x7. Item received by them for Seates in the ) Seates Church this yeare by them sold as appeareth xj. pticulerly by a bill thereof made J Item they are charged wth vj‘. viij? as money Burialls receiued by them of Mrs. Margaret Dodfngton for the buriall of xpofer Dodington Esquio‘ chauutry Ile Deceased in the Chauntrey Ile ; ; Item they are charged wth money by them rec. \ Guifts and w'" was gyven to the Church viz: of Randoll Legacies/. Banister xij of John Segryme viij* of John White vj‘ of Katherine fforward xij Of Thomas Holloway vj‘ of Wm. Chappell ed in vj®. viij?. iiij. 74. 80 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Sm‘ tots of their Ww" Gils, 4 ob accompt for this yeare f* ¥ “J: whereof they are to be allowed as followeth Clarkes Imp'ims paied by them to the pish Clarke wages/ for one whole yeares wages dew to him at the ffeast of Thannunciacon of o' Ladie now ye last past the some of Bread Item they are allowed for money by them and wyne __ paied for Bread and wine for viij Communions xij" | and for bread and wyne for Easter J Allowaunces Item paied by them for glasing of Windowes for sundry mending of bells, ropes and for mending of charges the Organs, To a plumer for mending of the Leadds and div’s other chargs as appeareth by a bill pticulerlie exhibited by them at this accompt xi, is. vij4. Sm* to" of their Peni a ee allowance for this yeare }=Vii ge te Wardens And soe they owe at this daye xxvi'. vij®. vij*. ob. chosen for the At this Daie Thomas Alford thelder Nicolas Clement high wayes and Phillip Hendy are elected Wardens for the repacons of the highwaies for this yeare following. Att this daie it was ordered w' the consent of the whole pish That the Churchwardens shalbe chosen every second yere An order y‘ and shall contynew Wardens for two yeares according to the the church- ancient order, and assoone as the said wardens shalbe wardens chosen the chureh stock shalbe deliu’ed wholie into their hands shalbe and the said wardens imediatelie uppon the receipt hereof shall bound for the enter into bond to fower of the sufficient pishioners to be Church stock. chosen w'" the consent of the whole pish wth condicon for the repayment of the Church stock uppon the verie Daie of their second accompt w*" shalbe yearlie taken uppon the ancient Daie viz: on mundaie in Haster weeke. Item it is further ordered at this Daie that noe man shall have An order for anie knell ringed for anie man, except they pay first to the ringing ofbells. Churchwardens for every bell that thay willhaveringed vj‘. It is alsoe ordered at this day That noe proctor nor any pson w't lycense shall gather any money in the Church w'"in the tyme of Dyvine service, nor at any time else w'hin this pish But all proctors and such as have lycence shall repaire to An order the Churchwardens, And they the said wardens calling to them for two or three of the substanciall Inhabitants shall gyve procters. their charitable Devosion, according to their Discrecon, And they entering into their booke of allowanes the day of the moneth, the some gyven and the name of the ptie to whome it shalbe gyven, the said somes shalbe allowed to the said Churchwardens yearelie uppon their accompts Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 81 The receipts Rece pts Item Receiued of Nicolas Clement of the)
  • » bearded. DNFLCLIVLIANVSPFAVG. Jovianus (363—864 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNIOVIANVSPFAVG. Valentinianus I (864—875 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNVALENTINIANVSPFAVG. Valens (854—378 a.p.)— a. Bustr., diademed. DNVALENSPFAVG. Gratianus (867—863 A.D.) — a. Bust, r., diademed. DNGRATIANVSPFAVG. B. ” ” DNGRATIANVSAVG. Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. 11% Valentinianus IT (875—892 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNVALENTINIANVSIVNPFAVG, a bis. ,, F DNVALENTINIANVSIVNPFAVG, B. ” ” DNVALENTINIANVSPFAVG. Theodosius (879—895 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNTHEODOSIVSPFAVG. Magnus Maximus (883—388 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNMAGMAXIMVSPFAVG. Flavius Victor (883—8388 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNFLVICTORPFAVG. Hugenius (8392—894 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNEVGENIVSPFAVG. Arcadius (383—408 a.p.)— a. Bust r., diademed. DNARCADIVSPFAVG. The reverse types I have classified as follows, in more or less chronological order :— A.—VOTIS | XXX | MVLTIS | XXXX in wreath. B.—VOTIS | V | MVLTIS | X B*.—VOT | V | MVLT | X fn wreath. B8.—voT | V | MVL | x B’.—VOT | X | MVLT | XX in wreath (on Julian’s coins the medallion attached to the wreath bears an eagle). B*—voT | XV | MVLT | XX in wreath (on the coins of Valens the medallion attached to the wreath bears a star). B*.—VOT | X | MVLTIS | XV in wreath. C.—VIRTVS EXERCITVS The Emperor standing, holding standard and shield. D.—VRBS ROMA Roma seated 1., holding Victory in r., resting with 1. on spear. E.—VICTORIA AVGGG Victory 1., with wreath and palm. E?.—VICTORIA AVGVSTORVM _ Similar. F.—CONCORDIA AVGGG Constantinopolis turreted, seated to front, r. foot on prow, holding cornucopiae and sceptre. G.—VIRTVS ROMANORVM Roma seated to front, holding globe and spear. H.—VIRTVS ROMANORVM Roma seated 1, holding Victory and spear. 118 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. GROVELY WOOD ' IVLIANVS AVG TREVIRI LVGDVNVM ARELATE - MEDIOLANVM ROMA AQVILEIA - SISICA THESSALONICA CONSTANTINO- POLIS - ANTIOCHIA ToTaLts - - We es We Bf Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. 119 HOARD: ANALYSIS. 120 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. LIsT OF THE COINS FROM GROVELY Woop. AUGUSTA TREVIRORUM. Emperor. Julianus Augustus (360-363) Valentinianus I (864-375) Valens (364-378) Valentinianus II (375-392) Theodosius (379-395) ” ” Magnus Maximus (383-388) Flavius Victor (383-388) Eugenius (392-394) Oby. Rey. e wt: Els xz 22 Wye Mint-marks, TRE TRPS TRPS: TRPS’ TRPS TRPS or TRPS° TRPS’ TRPS’ TRPS’ TRPS TRPS’ TRP’S TRPS TRPS TRPS TRPS TRPS TR TRPS TRPS TRPS TRPS TRPS TRPS Weight in grains. 33-29°2 25°9 31-29°6 68°7 36°2-25°7 32°3-29°5 87°9-24°0 69:0 Weight in grammes. 2°138-1'89 1:68 2°01-1°92 4°45 2°28-1°66 2°09-1°91 2°45-1°55 4:47 2°33-2°17 2°33-1°51 2°66-1°57 1:87 1°866-1°52 1°90-1°64 2% ° Total, Se pm es Nowaep ef 0 | bo an CAO FOOD FP OrNrE Nore on 212 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. 121 LUGDUNUM. Brought forward 212 Emperor. Obv.| ‘Rey. Mint-marks. bia ie hk ed No.| £ = Constantius IT a A LVG §2°2-29°3 | 2:09-1:90 | 2 (337—361) Julianus IIT B B LVG 35°0-27°0 | 2:27-1:75 | 5 (860—363) fs < i Ba LVG 30°5 1.98 ] st a B PLVG 38°6-31'6 | 2°50-2°05 | 3 a A “ A SLVG 28°6 1°85 1 Gratianus a D LVGPS 26°6 1:72 1 (367 — 383) i 1 i G LVGPS 33°0 2°14 1 Valentinianus II | 8 D LVG° 30°3 1:96 1 (875—392) ” ” ” ” LVGPS 380°2-25'5 1°96-1°65 | 4 4 a - i LVGS | 33:0-26:0 | 2°14-1°68 | 2 ” ” a EK LVGPS | 29:8-23:0 | 1:93-1:49 | 2 Theodosius a D LVGPS | 29°5-28°5 | 1°91-1°'85 | 2 (379—395) Eugenius a D LVGPS | 31-°2-30°2 | 2:02-1:96 | 2 (392—394) Arcadius a D LVGPS | 387°4-31°0 | 2°42-2:01 | 2 * (383—408) Ae i & 29 ARELATE. nes ee he | ee A Constantius II a A < CON 28-2 1:83 1 (337—361) | Julianus Caesar | a | B TCON 269 | 1°74 1 (355—360) _ Julianus Augustus} 5 B PCON 286 = 1°85 1 : (360—363) | 3 ” ” ” ” TCON | 32°6-26:0 | 2°11-1°68 | 4 7 ” ” e | B® |PCONST/] 316 | 2:05 1 ” ” ” ” TCONST 23'S) |) 8ST 1 ” ” ” ” <2CONST 26:0 | 1°68 1/10 { 251 122 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. MEDIOLANUM. Brought forward 251 Emperor. Oby.| ‘Rev. Mint-marks. ase phase No. g Valentinianus II | B EB MDPS 20°6 1°33 1 Theodosius a Bb? MDPS_ | 28:0-16°0 | 1°81-1°04 | 3 Magnus Maximus! a MDPS 22°6 1°46 1 Flavius Victor .| a G MDPS | 25-2-22'8 | 1:63-1:48 | 3 Arcadius | a Be MDPS | 20°2-18°8 | 1°31-1°22 | 2 | 10 ROMA. Valentinianus I. | a Be RB Sher 2:05 1 (MV.LT) i . | 4, |B% 1 (with RT 34°7-30°0 | 2:25-1:94 | 2 MV.LT) = sclaiee D RP 30°6 1:98 1 Valens. --. .. )-3)\@ Ba RB 33°8-25°2 | 2°19-1'63 | 4 (MV.LT) Spo hs qh com aa BY RQ 32:0 2°07 1 | | (MV.LT) J oa EE Saale D RQ 26'0 1:68 1 Gratianus. . .j| 4 D R.P 28°0 1:81 1 4 Loreal R.B 28°0 1°81 1 Sa ee ib: Pj R-Q 33°2 2°15 1 Theodosius . . | a D R+P 27°2 1-76 1 es Sle: fr R.Q 26°5 1:72 1 | 15 AQUILEIA. Valentinianus II | a D | | 36°4-30°4 | 2:36-1:97 | 4 AQPS" 59 ” G AQPS | 32:0-19°2 | 2-07-1:24 | 2 Valens. . . -/ a D AQPS 29°5 1°91 1 BM te Wee kod 95 D | 29:0-26°0 | 1°88-1°68 | 2 AQPS Theodosius . .|a G AQPS 35°7-32°0 | 2:31-2:07 | 3 Magnus Maximus) a Ei AQPS 22°7 1:47 1 ” ” ” G AQPS 23°2 1:50 i Flavius Victor .| a G AQPS 24:0 1°55 1 | 15 291 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. 123 SISCIA. Brought forward 291 Emperor. Oby. | Rev. | Mint-marks. Welsh he Welene in No. 3 grains, grammes. g Valens . . . .| a | B® | SISCPS 31:5 2°04 1 Gratianus . . .| a | B® | SISCPS 26°8 1:74 1 a TEN 08 a1|( yas. |) *SISCP 68°5 4°44 1 Valentinianus II .| 8 | D | siscps 28°6 1°85 1 + 4 y F | THESSALONICA. ValentinianusII .| 6B | B? TES 29°6 1:92 1 | 1 CONSTANTINOPOLIS. Nl Jovianus | a |Be | cpr 27°8 130 | 1 | 1 ANTIOCHIA. Valens See et yee ANT" 33:0 2°14 1 Gratianus . . .| B | B ‘ANTB 27°83 1:80 1 2 299 Hoards of Roman silver coins of this period are not of common occurrence, and all that are known, with one or two possible ex- ceptions, have been discovered in these islands. What is more, the British hoards! are especially characteristic of the county of _ 1he details which follow are largely drawn from Mr. Haverfield’s account of the subject in the Victoria County History of Somerset, the advance sheets of which he has kindly allowed me to see. I also owe to him the reference _ to the Cleeve Prior find (V. C.H., Worcester, i., p. 217). 124 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. Somerset. Outside that county the hoards are distributed as follows: one in Worcestershire, one in Berks, two in Hants, the present one in Wilts, two in Norfolk, and one from Coleraine in Ireland. The Somerset hoards will be found described by Mr. Haverfield, in the volume already mentioned (pp. 355 ff.). They come from (1) a spot on the Great Western Railway, between Bath and Bristol; (2) Uphill, near Weston; (3) a spot near Bristol or Mendip, not revealed; (4) East Harptree; (5) Wookey Hole; (6) the marshes near Edington and Chilton; (7) Holway, a suburb of Taunton ; (8) North Curry, near Taunton ; (9) Charlton Mackrel. They all seem to have been buried or lost towards the close of the fourth century. Occasionally, coins of an earlier date than Constantius II are present: but the majority of the coins are of Constantius II, Julian, and their successors down to Honorius and Areadius. The Western mints, Trier, Lyon, and Arles, are represented in overwhelming preponderance; but practically all the mints of the Empire furnish stray coins to one or other of the hoards. Outside the British Isles, the only instance pretending to the name of a hoard of silver coins of this period is involved in some mystery. Missong published, in 1868," a list of 105 siliquae, sup- posed to be part of a hoard from some unknown place, probably in the region of the Lower Danube. He acquired them from a dealer, who declined to communicate further details. But as the Eastern mints, especially Constantinople, were strongly repre- sented, we may assume that the coins came from the Lower Danube district, in various places in which the dealer plied his trade. The odd feature of this “hoard ” is that it consists entirely of VOTIS coins.” 1A. Missong, Fund rémischer Siliquen aus den Jahren 360—367 n. Chr. Geb. in the Wiener Numismatische Monatshefte, 1868. 2 That is, of types similar to our A, B, B’, ete. Missong considers this to be merely due to chance, and not to a deliberate choice on the part of the person who deposited the hoard. It is true that other hoards show a tendency on the part of certain types to predominate. By G. F. Hill. 125 A small deposit was found in November, 1894, at Cazéres-sur- l Adour, in a pot containing two bracelets, two ear-rings, a ring, and a dozen silver coins of Valentinian I, Gratian, and Theodosius,’ all with the legend VRBS ROMA and our type D. What is the reason for the rarity of such hoards outside the British Isles, and for their comparative rarity outside the West of England? Mommsen? inferred that, after about 360 A.D., silver was hardly current in the Empire except in Britain. If this were the case, it is difficult to understand why all the mints, Eastern or Western, should be employed to strike silver coins, if they were not to be used except in Britain. And, as Missong points out, the siliquae published by him go some way to invalidate Mommsen’s inference. Mr. Haverfield (p. 354) thinks that the distribution and dates of the hoards seem to point “to some special fortune or misfortune of Somerset about the beginning of the fifth century. Such might be either attacks of Irish pirates or, at a later date, the retreat of the Romanized Britons from Eastern Britain before the Saxons. But of the first we know so little that we can hardly use it safely, and the second appears to have come too late to explain coin-hoards in which many of the coins were certainly found in excellent preservation.’ Assuming the distribution of the hoards to be due to some special circumstance, that circumstance must also account for the special feature of these hoards—the metal. It is possible that a very sudden military disaster, such as the overwhelming of a whole district by raiders, might prevent the escape of the richer class of inhabitants, who would be more . ‘likely than the poor to escape in case of a less sudden misfortune. The question must for the present remain unsolved. Of all the hoards mentioned above as more or less coinciding in date with the present one, only those of East Harptree,? 1 Bulletin de Num., 1895, p. 23. ? Mommsen-Blacas, ili. p. 133. 3 Sir J. Evans, in Num. Chron. 1888, pp. 22—46. 126 Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. ; d Holway,! Coleraine,” and the one published by Missong (op. cit.) _ have been described with sufficient fulness to permit of detailed comparison with the coins from Grovely Wood.? The Grovely Wood coins of Constantius II, of type A, are represented at East Harptree by 280 specimens, at Coleraine by 14, at Holway by 13, and in Missong’s hoard by 11. As the numbers of the years (xxx—xxxx) show, this issue belongs to the end of the Emperor’s reign. The earlier silver of Julian Caesar (rev. star in wreath, without inscription) is comparatively rare, so that its absence at Grovely Wood counts for little.. There was but one specimen at East Harptree, and none in the other hoards. Of later types of Julian and other Emperors, which are not represented in the Grovely Wood hoard, although they might have been expected, the following are the most important :-— vOT. v or voTiS vin wreath. As this type seems to have been issued at few, if any, mints outside Constantinople, its absence is explained. RESTITVTOR REIP. The Emperor holding labarum and Victory. At East Harptree, of this type there were 103 coins of Valentinian [, and 66 of Valens, and the type was also represented at Coleraine. At Holway, there was a specimen of Julian with this type. I am quite unable to account for its absence at Grovely Wood, as it was issued from the Western mints. The only types of Arcadius (who became Augustus in 383) . represented are the early ones B and D, and there are no coins" present of Honorius, who became Augustus in 393. On the other hand, the latest types of Theodosius (379—395 a.D.) seem to be. represented (B, C, and E being the only types of this Emperor found in the other hoards and missing here). We may therefore 1H. Christmas, in Num. Chron. NII. (1844—45), Proc., pp. 9 f (the place is wrongly called ‘‘ Holwel”). 2 J. Carruthers, Num. Chron. XVII. (1855), pp. 111 f. 3 It is to be hoped that Sir John Evans will soon find opportunity to publish) the account of his coins from the spot near Bristol (No. 3 in the list of Somerset hoards above). By G. F. Hill. 127 conclude that the hoard was deposited, or that its owner ceased adding to it, in or soon after 395 a.p. This would leave time for him to acquire a certain number of the bronze coins of Honorius, which were apparently present in his other hoard. It is disappointing to find that the hoard contained no pieces of Magnus Maximus with the mint-mark AVGPS or AvG,' The only two known silver coins, with this form of the London ‘mint-mark, come from the West of England hoard mentioned rw Sy above, and are, owing to the generosity of Sir John Evans, now in the National Collection. i The Weights of the Siliquae. Missong calculated the average weight of the 105 siliquae in his hoard (from Constantius IT to Gratian) at 1838 gramme (28°36 grains). The lightest coin in his hoard was a Valens of 1°38 gramme (21-30 grains); the heaviest, a Jovian of 2:27 grammes (35:03 grains). It will be seen that his average is nearly identical with the mean between the heaviest and lightest (1°825 gramme=28'16 grains). The highest weight in the Grovely Wood hoard is 2°66 grammes (41 grains), the lowest 1:04 gramme (16 grains). The mean of these is 1°85 gramme (28°55 grains). The average weight is 1:909 gramme (29°46 grains), which is again close to the mean, though not so close as ‘in the case of Missong’s calculation. The general condition of the | coins is so good, that loss of weight by wear in circulation may be | neglected. 7. _ If we suppose that at this time coins were merely struck at so | “many to the pound, without much regard to their exact weight, the average weight ought also to be the normal. Babelon, however | maintains” that the normal is represented neither by the average nor by the mean, but by that weight which is attained by the _ greatest number of the coins. In other words, if one constructs a eurve with the horizontals representing weights, let us say, of 1 grain troy, and the verticals the number of coins, the highest point of the curve will represent the normal weight. I have constructed 1 See De Salis and Evans in Mum. Chron. 1867, pp. 61 f., 329 f. * Traité, i. 567, note 4. 128 Loman Silver Coins from Grovely, Wood, Wilts. such a curve for the coins of the mint of Trier in the Grovely Wood hoard, adding to them the coins of the same types of that mint in the National Collection. From the figures given below, anyone can trace the curve who pleases. No. of coins in Weight in grains. British Museum +Grovely Hoard. | Not above Nor below 41 401 2 40 39°1 0 39 38°1 1 38 37°1 1 37 36°1 7 36 35:1 11 35 34°1 11 34 33°1 16 33 82°1 21 32 31-1 26 31 80°1 34 30 29°1 28 29 28°1 24 28 27°1 19 27 26°1 15 26 25°1 19 25 24:1 8 24 23°1 23 22°1 4 22 21°1 3 21 20°1 1 20 19E i 19 18°1 0 18 ilyfal 2 17 16:1 0 It will be seen that the summit of the curve (34 coins of not more than 31 grains or less than 30°1 grains) is very nearly at the same weight as the average (29°46 grains). If, therefore, the assumption made above as to the method of dividing up the metal is correct, it matters little whether we take as the normal the average, or mean, or the weight represented by the greater number of coins; for they differ by 2} grains troy at the most. Unfortu- nately for the theory, these weights are not a reasonable proportion | of the Roman pound. By G@. F. Hill. 129 We may, however, settle our doubts by a different calculation, The larger coins in this hoard are of the denomination which is with most probability identified with the miliarense of =, pound, - or 4°55 grammes (70°22 grains) normal.! If it is true for this time that the miliarense was equivalent to 1} siliqua,? then the normal weight of the siliqua must have been 2°60 grammes (40:12 grains). | This is the weight accepted by M. Babelon as normal. It by no means squares with what we may call his test of proportional _ representation. But it does more or less square with the rule that the highest weight is the normal, for it is rarely exceeded by actual specimens. We may, therefore, accept it as correct: a conclusion the more satisfactory, since it confirms the otherwise accredited rule of the highest weight, as against the other rules which we have tested and found wanting. M. Babelon further distinguishes between the siliqua and the half-siliqua. The silver coins, he says, fall into two classes, the one ranging from 2°50 to 2°08 grammes, the other from 1:43 to 118 gramme. Other writers have also distinguished these “con- ventional quinarii”’ from the higher denomination. I confess that _ anyone who expected to receive two of these so-called half-siliquae ) in exchange for one of the siliquae of slightly higher weight (the _ types and sizes of both “ denominations ” being, we must remember, _ indistinguishable) must often have been disappointed. In Missong’s ' little collection of coins, the weights ranged from 2°27 to 1:38 _ grammes so gradually as to defy division into two groups. Similarly the curve constructed, as described above, for the coins of the mint of Trier, is quite gradual in its ascent or descent, but for a slight interruption between 28 and 25 grains (1°81 and 1°62 gramme) ; nd this interruption is insufficient to justify the division of the soins into two denominations. It would seem, therefore, that the nly denominations of silver coins in use at this time were the liqua and miliarense, and an exceptional denomination of 1 Babelon, Traité, i. 570. ; 2 Thid., 576. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVII. va 130 Loman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, Wilts. a pound not represented in this hoard. As I have said above, there were found, in the same pot with the silver coins, two bronze coins and a number of rings. The bronze coins are (1) of Constantius Caesar, rev. GENIO POPVLI ROMANI, struck at Lugdunum, in the period 296—304 a.D.; (2) a coin of the fourth century, perhaps of Theodosius, with rev, SALVS [REIPVBLICE] f in field, mint-mark [TIR (ep. Cohen,” viii. Theodosius, No. 30). The occurrence of the former coin is strange, as no eens = 4 Fig. 9) Eleuaa 6°35 inches. others of the large module characteristic of that period were contained in the pot with the hoard of bronze coins, The rings are of a class which has previously been associated with coins of the end of the third or beginning of the fourth century. They are as follows :— 1. Silver ring, with flattened octagonal bezel formerly attached, set with design of clasped hands in brass (?); shoulders (angular) and hoop moulded and engraved, Maximum diameter, 0°95 inch. (See Fig. 1.) ! Babelon, ibid., p. 571. By @. F. Hill. 131 2, Silver ring, bezel (which was circular) lost: shoulders (angular) and hoop moulded and engraved; the hoop, which is decorated to resemble a pair of animals’ heads, has been cut and re-joined to make it smaller.. Maxi- mum diameter, 1‘0 inch. (See Fig. 2.) 3. Silver ring, bezel (which was octagonal) lost ; shoulders (rounded) and hoop lightly engraved. Maximum diameter, 0:9 inch. 4. Circular frame of silver bezel, from which setting has been lost ; flange milled. Diameter, 0:9 inch. 5. Oval frame of silver bezel, setting destroyed, plain. Maximum diameter, 0°85 inch. 6. Flat silver ring, probably part ofa bezel. Maximum diameter, 0°7 inch. With these was also found a piece of transparent green glass, from the rim of an angular vessel. Length, 1:1 inch. The rings 1 and 2 should be compared with those from Sully (Num. Chron., 1900, Pl. III. 9 and10). No. 3, on the other hand, is of much poorer workmanship, and perhaps later than the others. The occurrence of these rings with coins ranging down to the end of the fourth century shows that, although the type of ring may have originated in the third century (as is clear from the numismatic evidence of the Sully hoard), it was in use down to a later date. SS Fig. 4.—Height, 4°2 inches, Norr.—As the above account is being passed for press, I note that I have been enabled recently to examine a very similar hoard from Icklingham, in Suffolk; a description thereof will, I hope, _ appear before long in the Numismatic Chronicle. K 2 132 A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Haynton, CAilts. By H. Sr. Grorce Gray. THE Roman coins which are described in the following pages have been examined by me through the kindness of Mr. Herbert Bassett, of Broadway, near Ilminster. He informs me that they form the greater part of a hoard found at Baynton about the year 1830 in a broken pot (the pieces of which were not saved) on the estate of the late Capt. John Long, of the Royal Horse Guards, of Baynton House, Westbury. Baynton House is in the parish of East Coulston, about two miles from Edington Station and six or seven miles N.E. of Westbury. Nothing else appears to be known of the exact place or gisement of the discovery, which is a matter of considerable regret. It is feared that many of the coins making up the hoard have been dispersed,—a deplorable state of things which, unfortunately, is quite usual: and it is a well known fact that very few hoards of this kind have been preserved in their entirety. I have recently examined what remains of a hoard of about 150 silver denarii found at North Curry, Somerset, in 1748.1 Most of these coins were in the possession of a Mr. Woodforde, Vicar of North Curry, soon after the discovery, but successive generations of the family have dispersed them amongst relatives, till in 1906 only eight remained in the possession of the great-grand-daughter of the aforesaid Mr. Woodforde.” 1 Proc. Som. Arch. Soc., vol. lii., 1906, pt. 2, pp. 132—135. 2? These are now in Taunton Castle Museum, the only representatives of this important hoard. By H. St. George Gray. 133 The Baynton hoard has not previously been known to numis- matists and antiquaries, unless the “112 specimens of Roman coins found at Coulston,” exhibited by Mrs. Grant, of Devizes, at the temporary museum of the Wilts Archeological Society, at Devizes, in August, 1863,1 formed part of the hoard under consideration. The majority of the Baynton coins are in mint condition, and the hoard was probably buried in the reign of Constantius IT. They extend from Constantine the Great (A.D. .306—337) to Constantius II (A.D. 337—361). The coins, which are all of the kind known as “third brass,” or nummi centenionales, bear the bust and titles of the following Emperors and Empresses :— No. of coins of each. Constantine the Great, 306—337 me 43 "4 eS , Constantinopolis 90 2 & ue Orbs Roma’... 78 Helena, 1st wife of Constantius I bh 1 Theodora, 2nd wife of a ay 10 Crispus, 317—326 an Eat Be 1 Constantinus II, 317—337 _.... te 56 Constans I, 337—350 ... $e tA 10 Constantius II, 337—361 ons ext 45 Total No. of coins which remain belonging to the hoard ... EY" i5365 These coins are so well preserved that it is possible to decipher the greater part of the legends both on the obverse and reverse, but there has occasionally been a difficulty in identifying the mint- marks with any degree of certainty. There appear to be no bar- barous British imitations amongst them, and we can safely say that all, or very nearly all, are well executed official issues. It is an interesting and singular fact that of the 154 coins of Constantine I and II., Constans and Constantius II., all have the ! Wilts Arch. Mag., vol ix., p. 27. 134 A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts. GLORIA ‘EXERCITVS legend on the reverse side, with two ex- ceptions. The variants are one of Constans with SECVRITAS REIPVB. (Figure leaning on a column and holding a sceptre in 7. h.), and one of Constantius II with VIRTVS AVGG. NN. (Zhe Emperor standing, holding a javelin reversed in r. h., his l. h. resting on a shield). All the reverse legends of Helena are PAX PVBLICA (Peace holding an olive branch in r.h., and a transverse sceptre in 1. h.) ; and of Theodora, PIETAS ROMANA (Piety, or Theodora, nursing, or suckling, a child). The nummus centenionalis of Crispus bears the following legend on the obverse :—D.N.FL.IVL. CRISPVS NOB.CAES. Head to r., laureated. Rev.:—lOVI CONSERVATORI. Jupiter, nude, standing to l., holding in his r. h. a globe surmounted by a Victory, and a sceptre surmounted by an eagle in his 1. h. ; at feet on his l. side an eagle holding a wreath or crown in its beak ; on his r. side a seated captive. In field III and a star. Mint-mark SMKA (Cyzicus)! —Cohen No. 77. Of the 90 coins of Constantinopolis one is an incuse impression of the obverse arising from the previously struck coin not having been removed from the die before the new blank coin was put on. The Chi Rho monogram can be traced on only four of the 356 coins—a small proportion. The mint-marks represented are Aquileia, Constantina” (Arles), Cyzicus (Propontis), Heraclea (Thracia), Lugdunum (Lyons), Nicomedia (Bithynia), Roma, Siscia (Pannonia), Tarraco (Tarra- gona, Spain), Thessalonica (Macedonia), and Treviri (Tréves). We will now proceed to describe the coins in detail, dealing firstly with the obverses. 1 General Pitt-Rivers found a coin of Constantine I having a similar reverse in Bokerly Dyke (Hacavations in Cranborne Chase, vol. iii., p. 165, and Pl. exce., fig. 37). 2 Mr. H. A. Grueber, F.8.A., Keeper of the Coins and Medals in the British Museum, informs me that when Constantine I rebuilt Arles in A.D. 324, he changed the name from Arelatum to Constantina. By H. St. George Gray. 135 TYPES OF OBVERSE. Type No. Constantine the Great. L CONSTANTINVS MAX.AVG. Head to r., laureated. IL. (Legend as I). Head to r., diademed. III. CONSTANTINVS M.AVG. Head to r., laureated. Constantine the Great (Constantinopolis) . IV. CONSTANTINOPOLIS. Helmeted head to l., sceptre in 1h. Constantine the Great (Urbs Roma). Vv. VRBS ROMA. Helmeted head to lL. Helena. VI. FL. IVL. HELENAE AVG. Head to r. Theodora. FL. MAX. THEODORAE AVG. Head to r. Crispus. D. N. FL. IVL. CRISPVS NOB. CAES. Head tor., laureated. Constantinus LT. CONSTANTINVS IVN. N.C. Head to r., laureated. CONSTANTINVS IVN. NOB. C. ,, _,, r Constans. CONSTANS P. F. AVG. Bust to r., laureated. (Same as XI). Bust to r., diademed. FL. IVL. CONSTANS NOB. C. Bust to r., laureated. FL. IVL. CONSTANS NOB. CAES. ___,, a FL. CONSTANS NOB. CAES. pf 2 Constantius LI. CONSTANTIVS P.F. AVG. Head to r., diademed. XVII. IMP. CONSTANTIVS AVG. s se XVIII. FL. IVL. CONSTANTIVS AVG. Head to r., laureated. XIX. ‘FL. IVL. CONSTANTIVS NOB. C- sf 2 A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts. 136 or &@ Seta aq “(890.1 AOA AH NHN D1(-) 91S 2 571g pur youessq y 1d. 4IHWS VHWS (LYSNOOS LSNOOd LSNOOd (-)SNOOC-) LSNOOd ‘Syl dat ‘SdYl S.4L dat d.Yul *Sdl SYL dat d.yt “SHAUL JULY qorouueqg UO TABIsOUOT OU Ty * “ “ 6é é be te ce qorouueq UO O YIIA parwpueys [BIqUED SPABPUBIS [B1ZUAO OAT, ‘WOANNGSNT SPABPUBYS [BAJWID OAT, ‘VaTOVUEH be “ee ec ee “ec ec ee YyBorm ee “ee WE9A4OG BIS YFIAL - Splepuvys ['813U00 OMT, GCAOGB IBIS JIM pABpUBIS [BIQUOD “VILNVLSNOO qor1ouueq UO O YPM plepusys [BryUED TOAMIOG Y}BOTM TYTAL “ “ “ ve ee “ee “ec ce ee oe “ee “ce SplBpULyS [B1}UE0 OAT, ‘THIAWUL ‘(sut0g 6h) LVALD AHL ANILNVISNOO “ASIBAIY JO SUOTVIIVA (‘Spenpunyy omy 40 ‘pap punjy v burpwobas suaapjog om) “SALIOYAXA ViIdO19 21F *0j9 ‘puasery asraAayy 137 By H. St. George Gray. S1S:- 1d. do DS 1d* 1d LSNOOd LSNOOd LSNOOS 1LSNOOS LSNOOd sov @) SAL did dad SNINS ‘SHAVIL QUIN ‘WANnDGDNT *] UO pley Ur seToUBAg taped seit, ‘| TO pjoy Ul YPVOT AN iT} oe 66 ‘| UO prey ut (¢) peoysvedg ‘VNILNVLSNOO Peg U4 ‘VITTINOV SPpABPUB}S [B1}TOD OALT, ‘VOINOTVSSHAL 66 66 66 sparvpUeys [B1}UEO OMT, ‘VAOU sprepuvys ['B4}U00 OAT, ‘VITHNOOIN pe SS SS ee *asIaAoy JO SUOTZBIIUA *[9S80A Kx0901A, 21V *(aaogn sp) ‘oqo ‘puadayy e84000H =| yo ad, “984A “i 38 iS © Ss ~~ = = RQ ~~ = S a BS aS S oS 2 = S i=) RS > ast nN = by yy 138 AAADNNMHROMAHHON | | ae “‘uOIssordcu esnouy “e[QISOTI[] ¥SUL SUL S.Y4L (YL #du(-) wee aoe rT) ‘SLNIW NIVLIYAOND “cc 6c “c *T FO preg ut qBeTM ‘[ UO peg ut youvaq meg THIAGTUL “e “VIOSIS “VAOW “SIV WUT *@B19AOY JO SUOIFLIIGA "[OSS0A jo aMoid uo AI0401A, uv ‘9a ‘puatary asi0Aay “AI *a819AqQ jo odéy a RR GA SE EA 139 By H. St. George Gray. Aes wOM Ae THAN ‘oN (aL dul S.YL Sal (“YL dul ‘SISI- 91S pUuB qyBeIM OdIBT D1d@ D1d* Dd. D1d LSNOO(-) LSNOOS LSNOOS sov *(SUTO|D “BHAVIL FUT 8l) VNOU ‘“ “ ‘6 66 S1BqIs 9} Ree tent Homa cared “ 7; 6 iT 66 66 81848 OY} WEOMJOG YBOTAL ‘THIAGUL “VIOSIS ‘WANDGSN'T 81848 OY} MEeMJO YABOTA *(fjom ay 81848 OY} UeAMjoq (2) peeyrsedg 92090 S.un9s 81848 OY} UeeAJoq WBISOUOMT OY 14D om} aavy 717) “VNILNVLSNOO “snuTey pus SN[NUMO0Y ‘VIA TINOV SuIpyONs FTO AL *eSADAY JO SUOTFBIIGA *as10AqO jo odfy, A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts. 140 id td “e1q1SeqT] e 7 OI ‘NIVLYUAOND T SUL. ; Sui: ee on : Gir 4 at I (-)UL. ‘ dul. Li “i oh : dul. ee bf a Z dul eee . ‘THIAGTUL P ‘(sulog ZT) VWNATHH 4 ‘9[q!S9TlT ii ao I *9[QI52T[] s1ejs UsaMjoq YOuBAq-TUIleT I *a[qQLS9][] SIBIS TOOAJOG YIBATAL 8g ‘SININ NIVLYAOND € *SUL ( Sait Bre os Al ea i re 4 Sul Hg P du aa * ie ee F SHL S1B4S 94} T9eMJoq TYouBIg WAV *[X90L ON “SHALL JUN “@S1DABY JO SUOIZEIILA *y "7 ur augdaos aS.LaQSUDAD PUD “Ys UL YoUDAG 3210 un burpjoy aovaq) “VOINEAd _XVd 21V (a0a09n sf) ‘oja ‘puadary estoaoy *a819AQ0 jo adAy, 141 By H. St. George Gray. “1840, ase aA Sete OO ‘ON 1S. 51S O1S pure youviq y 1ISNOC) LSNOOd LSNOOd VANS "O[q1SeI[ | SY YL. dul. (g) qouvaq pus dy dat dat ‘SHAUL UIT 6c “cs 6h SPIVPUL]S [VAJUIO OALT, qorouueg U0 CG YMA prvpurys [vrqueg WONDGON'T “ce ee 6 oe “ec “ T90A4Od YBIIM JIM SprvpURys [819U00 OMT, Jo1OUUB UO UIBASOUOU OYY IYO YA pavpurvys [viqUED ‘VNILNVISNOO ‘(sulop 9¢) I] SONILNVLSNOO ploy Ul 1848 B pus TTT “SNOIZAO (ulog T) SAAdSTMO ‘NIVLYHOND *, WO prey UL + UITAN THIAGaL ‘(sulop O01) VIOCOAHL *aSIDAOY JO SUOI]VIAGA (‘spappungs omg ee 0 ‘Lp puns a » hurpanbaa ‘YX saaupjos omy) ‘SALIOYAXA vVidO19 i iv “s ‘(PET eded 90g) lYWOLVAYSSNOO IAOI ‘IIA “(Puye He » ‘buryons " 40 ‘Bursunu - pLopoay,y, 0 ‘hjarq) aS VNVINOY SVLAld 4 11 TTA ‘099 ‘puadery esi0roy eae A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts. 142 t~ = | | CO SOHN DO —BwoOAe OH ae DHRAN epqSeqy 914!S9T[T SYL S.UL *SYUL ‘SUL *dd tL (-) YL d-ul -du¥t dul. SUL SUL 1d 31d“ D1d* (—)d. S1d. S1d S1(-) 51sS* “18901 “SyIVyY UT UdeM4eq YouBq-tayed YIM sprepuys ['V19U0 OM, joLeUUBG UO O YFIA pavpusys [eAQUAD ‘SINIW NIVLYAOND Use jog TIBET TIM a ks “ Sprepueys [81}U09 OMT, jo19uueq UO (@) UAL ‘ rT: prepueys [e1zUE/ TYIATaL a “ec “cc “cc ee “a SplvpUBys [e.1JUAD OAL, “O819A0Y JO SUOIQVIIGA as oe “ac “XI ee ee be te oe “ec 6é *(aa0gy sK) "YX *o4a ‘pueSey osiaaoy pada a ee 143 te) By H. St. George Gray. *1890L |e oe oe Bt oo Bl on | LSNOOC) 1LSNOOS (-)SNOOS (NOOS (—)NOOd beeed “aTqI59T[ 1 914159] SYlm dul. *SIS9 S1d SD 1d “SyIeyY JUIN ueeAjoq WouBAq-tuyed =‘ ty Le “e JRO] ny ée é U98M40g YIBOIM YIM SprBpUeys OAT, jo1euUUsq UO (¢) JUEDSEAD YIIA prBpUByS [BIZ “VNILNVISNOO ‘(sulog oF) ‘IT SATILNVISNOO ‘Y ‘1 Ul eaydeos Surploy pu uuinjoo uo Suruvoy candi ‘VNOU oe 6é sé te “eb jorouueg UO CO YIM parepurys [esyUeD ‘SSLNIW NIVLYAOND yo1ouueg TO OE YIIA\ prepurys [vryUED TUIAWaL qo1oUUBq UO O YIM parepusys [eayUED “VIOSIS be fe) “ec “cc 6é yateuusg UO A YIM prepueys [vzyUED WONNDGSNT ‘(SUIOD OT) SNVLSNOO *@B1AOY JO SUOILTIT A. (‘spanpunys 0 ‘pun puns » burpanbas s.avpj0s omy,) ‘SALIOYSAXA vidO15 “aAd IY SVLIYADAS (‘punpungs vn burpavbeu s4a7p70s omy) ‘SALIOYAXA viyO19 038 ‘puasey asisaoy “AIX ‘TIX “ATX TIX ‘TIX ‘TITX ‘IX *as10AqO yo ods, A Hoard of Roman Coins found at Baynton, Wilts. 144 1840], iN! Qe eee NAAN OS SMAI Sul S-d1 Sat -ddt d-UL Sat dat SYL Sat Sat dat dul. “UV dV ‘SISV. SISV (ey D1da SD 1d: (-)1d 1d ‘ON ‘SyIV]Y JUL ee “ec “ec ee cay oe “ee ve se “ee oe ee SPlVpuvys [BAZ OAT, qo1oUUBG UO TIBISOUOM OYY IYO YyrAr # 3 - ae oe oe “ qorouueqg Uo O YIM a PAvpuUBys [VIZIO ‘XIX yorouuvg uo O YATAL ie ss ce “ “e ts paBpuRys [BryUED os THIAGUL yorouueg UO C—O Y}IA pavpusys [BIGUED TITAX SpIBVpUB}S [BAJUGO OAT, es ‘(uredg) OOVUUVL SpIVpUBIS [BIJU9O OMT, sf ‘VIOSIS SPABPUBIS [VIZIO OAT, a: “VNOYW SPAVpUByS [BIJUGD OMT, *(aaoqn sp) ‘XIX WONNGDNT ‘asIaAay JO SUOIIVIIEA ‘oqo ‘puasery esiaaay Seat e 145 By H. St. George Gray. ig ease Plelys B UO Sulysea ‘NN ‘“SSAV I SHL ‘YT sq “ ‘At Url pesteaor uyoavl v Surpjoy rosedurg” oy, SALUYIA ‘TITAX G ‘THIAWUL v I “OT GLSOTL] qorouUBg TO JAY HPAL fe % eS *SULYIAYS 3 HER) Se I |pvq oj Sutmo zo ynp prepurys [B14y0eD ITIAX S 92 ‘SLNIN NIVLYHONND | g SHL MOOMIOG YPBOIA UIA Ssparepueys [B1jU00 OAT, (aa0gv sf) ‘SIX B [vqoy) “ON | “SYAVIY QUIT OSIDADY JO SUOIZVIATA oqo ‘puasa’] asiesoy a 146 Alotes, Salisbury, the Statue over the High Street Gate of the Close. The story of this statue is given in an article on “ Life in Salisbury in the olden days,” in the Salisbury Journal, Nov. 24th, 1906. One Humfry Beckam, born at Salisbury, 1588, saw James I. during his visit to Salisbury and made a statue of him which was set up over the gate in place of one of Hen. III., which had become decayed. In the latter part of the 17th century the head of Charles I. was substituted for that of James I., and so the statue remained until the day appointed for the coronation of Edward VII., when the first statue to be erected to the King in England took its place. What became of the old statue is not stated. ‘‘“The Journal of a Wiltshire Curate.’”’ On reading Canon Wordsworth’s paper in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxiv., 361, I remembered seeing this story in an early number of the Salisbury Journal. On looking it up I found that it appeared in that paper Dec. 29th, 1766, the same month in which Canon Wordsworth notes its appearance in the British Magazine. As Benjamin Collins, the then printer of the paper, was also the printer of the first edition of ‘‘ The Vicar of Wakefield,” does not this fact strengthen the probability that Goldsmith had some- thing to do with the ‘‘ Journal of a Wiltshire Curate ?—T. H. Baker. Netherhampton Treasure-Trove. In October, 1906, two labourers, Charles Frampton and Frank Bryant, in the employ of Mr. J. R. Taunton, of Netherhampton, whilst cleaning out a fowl run on his farm, found seven silver seal-top spoons slightly buried in the ground. They took them to Mr. J. S. Rambridge, silversmith, of the Canal, Salisbury. He, recognising their value, communicated with Lord Pembroke’s agent, Mr. G. R. Kendle, the police were informed, and eventually they were claimed as treasure-trove by the Crown, each of the two finders as well as Mr. Rambridge receiving £24 in reward for their services. Generous treatment of this kind on the part of the Treasury will naturally tend to the giving up to the police of valuable articles found by workmen and others, who are thus likely to obtain far larger sums than by selling the objects secretly to a dealer. The description of the spoons, which are all seal-topped, is as follows :— 1596. Weight loz. 8dwts. with initials E.H.T.S. 1596. Weight loz. 8dwts. with initials E.H. 1621. Weight loz. 16dwts. with initials T.I.1.E. 1621. Weight loz. 14dwis. with initials B.E.E.E. 1629. Weight loz. 83dwts. with initials I.1.E.E. 1629. Weight loz. 34dwts. with initials I.S.E.E. 1632. Weight loz. 10dwts. with initials M.A.W.E. Salisbury Journal, Nov. 10th, 1906, and Wilts County Mirror, Apri 26th, 1907. Notes. 147 The Salisbury Corporation Pictures. These have been i, : , recently cleaned and the names of the persons depicted and of the artists have been affixed to them, at the instance of Alderman C. Haskins, who has compiled from the old corporation records and other sources a most valuable series of notices of the portraits and persons depicted, which were printed in the Salisbury Journal for Oct. 17th, Nov. 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th, Dee. Ist, 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th, 1906, and Jan. 5th, 12th, 19th, and 26th, 1907. The oil paintings number forty-one, and the water colours, prints, &c., thirty-three. The following are amongst those of whom a notice at considerable length is given :— Giles Tooker, first Recorder of New Sarum, 1611—1622, who was also apparently Recorder of Wilton. He took the most active part in obtaining the charter of James I. This he holds in his hand in the portrait, which is dated 1619. William Chiffinch, Master of the Wardrobe to Charles II. Born in Salisbury ci. 1602. He succeeded his brother Thomas as Keeper of the King’s Closet 1668 ; and acted as confidential servant to Charles II. until the latter’s death. Thomas Chiffinch, of Bell Inn in 1623, was probably the father of Thomas and William. Thomas was brought to court by the Bishop of Salisbury and was appointed Page to Charles I. His death is mentioned in Pepy’s Diary. The portrait is a good one, perhaps by Greenhill, the Salisbury artist. Sir Robert Hyde, Recorder of New Sarum, 1638, reinstated 1660. Lord Chief Justice 1664. Born at Heale House, his father’s resi- dence, in 1595. Died 1665, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral. He presented in 1663 the silver candlesticks still used in the Lady Chapel. The portrait is by Christopher Gardiner, of Bristol, and was painted in 1672. Sir Samuel Eyre, Justice of the King’s Bench, 1694. Portrait pre- sented by Alderman Ed. Ballard in 1789. Son of Robert Eyre and grandson of Thomas, Mayor of Salisbury in 1587. Baptized 1633. Purchased New House, Redlynch, from his cousin William, 1660. Died 1698, buried at Lancaster. William Windover. Born in Salisbury, son of Edward Windover, Alderman. He died 31st January, 1632, and gave £50 to the Salisbury Company of Shoemakers as is set forth on an inscription on the picture, which was presented in 1879. There is a memorial to him in St. Martin’s Church. Another portrait of him belongs to the Bakers’ Company and is here described. Queen Anne, by Michael Dahl, purchased 1738. John, Duke of Somerset, born 1628, Mayor of Marlborough,1661—1671. Succeeded to title 1671. Lord Lieutenant of Wilts and Somerset, 1672. Died 1675. Buried in Salisbury Cathedral. Gave £3000 for apprenticing poor children in Salisbury. Portrait by Lely or Greenhill. Purchased 1694. Te 148 Notes. John Douglas, Bishop of Salisbury, 1791—1807, by Muller. It is noted that three of the portraits now at the Palace originally belonged to the Corporation and were presented to Bishop Douglas by them. William Cecil, Lord Burleigh. Lord High Treasurer, 1520—1598. This portrait has been only recently identified. He was father of Robert Cecil, created, 1604, Viscount Cranborne, and 1605, Earl of Salisbury, who at one time had a house in the Close, his crest still remaining in the plaster ceiling of the house now occupied by Mrs. Purvis. Charles Wootton, Mayor of Salisbury, 1583. Sir Thomas White, born 1492, Master of Merchant Tailors’ Guild, 1535. Lord Mayor of London, 1553, Founded St. John’s College, Oxford, and participated in the founding of Merchant Taylors’ School. Left a benefaction to the City of Salisbury. Bishop Walter Kerr Hamilton, copy of the original by George Richmond at the Palace. Alderman William Hussey, Mayor 1758, M.P.1774—1813, by Hoppner. Born 1725. A generous benefactor to the city. Dr. John Barnston, Rector of Everley,1598. Prebendary of Bishop- tone, 1600. Canon Residentiary, 1634—1645. Buriedin Cathedral. He presented a pair of flagons to the Cathedral. Queen Victoria, by Frank Brooks, after Winterhalter, presented by Mr. F. Griffin in 1887. Jacob, 2nd Earl of Radner, Recorder of New Sarum, 1766—1828, by Hoppner. Born March 15th, 1750, Viscount Folkestone, 1765. M.P. for Salisbury, 1771 and 1774—1776, when he succeeded his father as Earl of Radnor. Died Jan. 27th, 1828. Alderman James Abbott, born, 1584, Mayor, 1627. By John Greenhill (born in Salisbury, 1645, died 1676—pupil of Sir Peter Lely). James I., Charles I., Charles II., William III. There are no records as to these royal portraits. Bishop Seth Ward, 1667—1689, by Greenhill. This is the original from which there is a copy at the Palace. Rt. Hon. Henry Fawcett, by H. Von. Trosh, presented by Mr. Passmore Edwards, M.P. in 1884. Henry Fawcett, son of William Fawcett, born at Salisbury, Aug. 26th, 1833. Entered Queenwood Agricultural College, 1847, and King’s College School, London, 1849. He went to Cambridge, migrated to Trinity Hall, and was elected Fellow of Trinity, 1856. He lost his eyesight by a shot from his father’s gun whilst shooting on Harnham Hill. He, however, returned to Cambridge, published his “ Manual of Political Economy,” 1863, and in 1864 was elected Professor of Political Economy. He sat as M.P. for Brighton, 1865—1874: Hackney, 1874 and 1880, when he © became Postmaster-General. He died 1884. A portrait of him by — Herkomer was presented to Cambridge by members of the University. Arthur Whitehead, Mayor, 1892 and 1896, painted and presented by © Mrs. Hamilton Fulton. Notes. 149 John Alfred Folliott, Mayor, 1901, by H. Brooks. William Fawcett, Mayor, 1831, by W. Tiffin. Born at Kirkby Lonsdale, March 31st, 1793, came to Salisbury, 1815, set up as a draper in 1825, married Mary Cooper, 1827. He was the father of the Rt. Hon. Henry Faweett. Thomas Chubb, by G. Beare, a local artist. Son of Henry Chubb, a maltster at East Harnham, born 1679, apprenticed first to a glover and afterwards to a tallow chandler. Died 1747. Achieved much notoriety as a Deistic writer. The portrait in the National Portrait Gallery, also by G. Beare, appears identical with this one. Fred Griffin, Mayor, 1887. Painted and presented by Mrs. Hamilton Fulton. Henry Hatcher, historian of Salisbury, painted by W. Gray in 1834. He died Dec. 16th, 1846. Nothing is known of his early life before he was employed as an amanuensis by the historian Coxe. George III. Copy of a portrait painted in 1761. Presented by Viscount Folkestone, 1765. Joan Popley, 1560, left property in London for the relief of the poor of Salisbury. John Fisher, Bishop of Salisbury, 1807—1025. Painted by Dawe. Presented, 1847, by the Salisbury and Wiltshire Reading Society. Sir Richard Grobham, born 1551, died 1628, buried at Wishford. Founded almshouse at Wishford and a charity at Salisbury. Mrs. Margaret Carpenter, artist, daughter of Capt. Alex. R. Geddes, born at Salisbury, 1793, married W. H. Carpenter, 1817. She died Nov. 18th, 1872. She was a distinguished portrait painter and a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy. William Gillowe, born 1593, not a native, Warden of the Tailors’ Company of Salisbury, 1650. Died 1658, in which year the portrait is dated. Philip Crew, etatis sue, 54, 1638. Lawrence Tippott, benefactor to Company of Shoemakers, died 1675, aged 52. William Herbert, K.G., 3rd Earl of Pembroke, High Steward of Salisbury. [This portrait has previously been ascribed to Sir Walter Raleigh.] Born Feb. 8th, 1580, died 1630, buried in Cathedral. tanical. I found in 1906 the following rare flowers near Calne :— _Lepidium draba, naturalised on old rubbish heaps; Arabis perfoliata, growing plentifully near Sandy Lane; Cerastiwm arvense, near Sandy Lane; Sparganium simplex, near Calne.—R. 8. Fereuson. 150 Hird Aotes. Peregrine at Clyffe Pypard. In November, 1906, a fine female Peregrine was shot by T. M. Gale, of Clyffe Pyyard, in mistake for a pigeon. The bird is preserved at the Goddard Arms, but has un- fortunately been spoilt by bad stuffing.—Ep. H. Gopparp. Woodchat at Aldbourne, I understand the Wryneck is very scarce in North Wilts, but I both heard and saw this bird on April 18th, 1907, in a small orchard on the road between Brinkworth and Malmes- bury, just this side of the four mile stone from Malmesbury. The Hobbys came to Braydon last year, but owing to constant dis- turbance failed to nest. I have not heard of their arrival this season. On January 26th, 1907, when snipe shooting I rose and killed a Dunlin out of the river Ray where it passes under the G.W.R. by the sewage works. I took it at first for a Jack Snipe, of which there were several about, and although I recognised it as I pulled, it was too late to save its life. It was a curious stray to find so far inland, though common enough on our coasts. On June 13th, 1906, when bicycling from Lyddington to Aldbourne I saw, half-way between the two places, just where the downs begin to cease, but still on them, by a farm house and a small copse, that very rare bird the Woodchat (Zanius Rufus). It was not at all shy, and I got off and watched it for a quarter of an hour, and there was no doubt of the species.—D. Percy Harrison. Redshank nesting in Wilts. Mr. A. Wrightson, of North Charford Manor, showed me a Redshank’s nest in one of the water- meadows in the parish of Downton, on April 27th, 1907. He tells me that he has not known the bird to breed in the neighbourhood before. There are altogether apparently three pairs of the species in the distric this season. I think thisis an interesting extension. There are probabl only a very few—if any—other localities in the county in which it i known to nest.—F. G. PENRosE. CHilts Obituary. William Frank Morgan, died March 25th, 1907. Born 1835, eldest son of William Morgan, maltster and brewer, of Warminster, Educated at Warminster Grammar School. He entered the brewery and became head of the large malting business, which he carried on until he retired about two years ago. He married, March 31st, 1870, Mrs. Wansey, widow of Mr. Wansey, of Church Farm, Sutton Veney, who died Aug. 8th, 1891. He was for nearly thirty years deacon of the Congregational Church at Warminster, of which, as of other institutions connected with the Congregational body, he was a most generous sup- porcer. He was also the main supporter of the British Schools at War- minster until they were taken over by the County Council. He was President of the Wilts and East Somerset Congregational Union in 1888. From 1897 he was Chairman of the Warminster Board of Guardians, and in 1886 he was elected Chairman of the Warminster Local Board (afterwards Urban District Council), an office which he discharged with much ability until 1904. He was mainly instrumental in founding the Warminster Atheneum, to which he acted as secretary for nearly twenty years. He was appointed J.P. for Wilts in 1897. He was a member of the County Council from its commencement to 1904. He took a very keen interest in educational matters, and in all matters connected with the Nonconformist body to which he belonged, teaching himself a class of young men up to the time when he was in- capacitated by illness last year. In politics he was a staunch Liberal to whom his party owed much, and in religion and polities alike he took a strong line. That he was, however, something more than a party man was shown by the fact that three hundred of his fellow-townsmen of Warminster, of all parties and creeds, united in 1906 in presenting him with a very handsome testimonial of their appreciation of his great public services to the town and neighbourhood during a long series of years. To the Wiltshire Archcological Society he was a good friend, and did much towards the success of more than one meeting at War- minster, where he acted as the Society’s Local Secretary. A long and full obituary notice, with a portrait, appeared in the Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907. anon John Duncan, died suddenly Jan. 28th, 1907, aged 74. - Buried at Calne. Born at Aberdeen, 1833, educated at Marischal Coll., _ Aberdeen. M.A., 1848. Beginning life as a master in the school at _ Calne kept by the Rev. E. Jacob, in 1854, he was ordained deacon 1856, and priest 1858 (Sarum). Curate of Sherborne, Dorset, 1856—59, Incumbent of Lyneham, 1859—65. Vicar of Calne 1865 until his death. _ Preb. and Canon of Salisbury 1876. Rural Dean of Avebury 1898— 1907. He married, Jan. 25th, 1871, Alice Lilian, d. of George Edward Murray, Rector of Southfleet, Kent, and Mrs. Murray, of Calne, who 152 Wilts Obituary. survives him. He leaves one son, John M. Duncan, and one daughter, Isabel, the wife of Dr. Whitehead, Bishop of Madras. His incumbency of Lyneham was marked by the building of the school and Church at Bradenstoke, then in the parish of Lyneham, and by the re-building of the school and master’s house at Lyneham, and the restoration of the Church by Mr. Butterfield. During his forty-one years’ incumbency at Calne he spent his shrewd intellect, his unusual business capacity, and his great powers of work, for the good of the town in every kind of way, material, moral, and spiritual, more especially in the furtherance of education in all its branches. Thus he founded in 1873 St. Mary’s School, on the Green, as a high class school for girls, and procured considerable endowments for it. He was a man of great ability, of great personal earnestness, and of strong convictions as a High Churchman of the older school, and whether his parishioners agreed with him or not, they one and all respected and esteemed him. Probably there has hardly been in this generation in North Wilts a more remarkable demonstration of respect by the entire population of any town, irrespec- tive of class or creed or politics,than that which accompanied his funeral on Feb. 2nd, at Calne. Long obituary notices appeared in the Salisbury Diocesan Gazette for March; the Church Times, Feb. 17th; the Guardian, and the Devizes Gazette, of January 31st, 1907, the latter paper also printing on February 7th reminiscences of his Lyneham incumbency, a long account of the funeral, and a full report of the sermon preached by Archdeacon Buchanan on the Sunday following. George William Hamilton Gordon, died Dec. 31st, 1906, at Bloemfontein, aged 52. Second son of Hon. Canon Gordon and Lady Ellen Gordon, of the Close, Salisbury. An architect by profession he had held for about three years the office of Director of Public Works in the Orange River Colony. Obit. notice, Wilts County Mirror, Jan. 4th, 1907. Rev. William Philip Strong Bingham, died Jan. 28th, 1907, aged 78. Buried at Kenton, Devon. Christ Church, Oxford, B.A. 1850; M.A. 1853. Deacon 1851 (Exeter) ; priest 1852 (Gloucester and Bristol). Curate of Dursley, 1851—53; St. Mary, Redcliffe, Bristol, 1853—58; Thorverton, 1858—59; Perpetual Curate of West Pinchbeck, Lines., 1859—63 ; Curate of Edmonton, 1863 ; Compton Valence, Dorset ; Chaplain, Devizes Prison; Vicar of Berwick Bassett with Winterbourne Monkton, Wilts, 1872—86; Vicar of Westbury, 1886—90; Vicar of Kenton, Devon. 1890 until his death. Many years a member of the Wilts Archzological Society. Author of “ Sermons on Easter Subjects, 1860. ‘Sermon preached in Wincanton Church, Oct. 4th, 1885, on the death of Rev. R. Nicholson.” ‘Sermon in Memoriam, Rev. H. A. L. Grindle, Vicar of St. Peter’s, Devizes, 1885,” ‘James Ley, Earl of Marlborough,” Wilts Arch. Mazg., xxv., 86. : Obit. Notice, Devon and Exeter Gazette, Feb. 2nd, 1907. Wilts Obituary. 153 Sir Godfrey Lushington, K.C.B., G.C.M.G., died suddenly Feb.5th,1907,aged 74. Born March,1832, fifth son of Stephen Lushington and his wife, Sarah, d. of T. W. Carr. Educated at Rugby and Balliol Coll.,Oxford. B.A.1854. Fellow of All Souls,1858. Called to Bar in same year. Nominated Counsel to the Home Office 1869. Assistant Under Secretary to the Home Office 1876, and Permanent Under Secretary 1885. He retired in 1895, and became an alderman of the London County Council, an office which he resigned in 1898. K.C.B. 1892, and G.C.M.G. in 1899. Married, 1865, Beatrice Annie Shore, d. of Samuel Smith, of Combe Hurst, Surrey. Im 1895 he came to reside at Stokke, Great Bedwyn, and qualified as J.P. for Wilts that year. He was Chairman of the Standing Joint Committee, and was also in 1900 elected second Chairman of the Marlborough Quarter Sessions, a position which he resigned in 1906. He was a frequent and valued contributor to the correspondence columns of the Zimes, which contained an obituary notice, quoted in Devizes Gazette, Feb. 7th. A further “ appreciation ” appeared in the Times, Feb. 12th, 1907. Rev. Thomas James Scott, died Jan. 31st, 1907. Buried at Chilton Foliat. Son of T. E. Scott, of Carbrooke, Norf., and Upper Swanthorpe, Hants. Ex. Coll., Oxon. B.A. 1851; M.A.1856. Deacon 1853, priest 1855 (Sarum). Curate of Shapwicke (Dorset), 1853 — 58 ; Scampston (Yorks.), 1859—64; Devizes, 1864—67; Consular Chaplain at Malaga, 1867—80 ; Curate of Clare Market Mission, 1881—82 ; Rector of Marksbury (Som.), 1885—91; Rector of Chilton Foliat, 1891, until his death. Obit. notice, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, March, 1907. Rev. Jacob Sturton, died Dec. 26th, 1906, aged 72. Buried at Woodborough. Born Sept. 19th, 1834. Trin. Coll., Oxon, B.A. 1856, M.A. 1857. Deacon 1858, priest 1859 (Sarum). Curate of Ramsbury, ~ 1858—66 ; Vicar of Little Bedwyn, 1866—81; Rector of Woodborough, 1881 until his death. Rural Dean of Marlborough, 1875—81, and of Avebury, Cannings portion, 1886 until his death. J.P. for Wilts. Five sons and three daughters survive him. He spent the whole of his ministerial life in the county of Wilts, and was thoroughly identified with every country interest. He was much respected and beloved. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Advertiser, Dec. 27th, 1906 ; Devizes Gazette, Jan. 3rd, 1907; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Feb., 1907. Rev. Arthur Joseph Everett, died March 18th,1907, aged 70. : Buried at Sutton Veney. Born at Heytesbury, Jan. 31st, 1887, second son of Joseph Everett, J.P., D.L. of Greenhill House, Sutton Veney, and Frances Alice, d. of Walter Rolfe, Rector of Saham Toney, Norfolk. Clare Coll., Camb., B.A. 1860, M.A. 1865. Deacon, 1860; priest, 1861 (Bath and Wells). Curate of St. Cuthbert’s, Wells, 1860—61; Vicar of Berry Pomeroy (Dev.), 1861—95; Rector of Sutton Veney, 1895 until his death. The new Church at Sutton Veney, opened in 1868, was 154 Wilts Obituary. built at a cost of over £7000 by his mother, Mrs. Everett, his brother, Col. Everett, and other members of the family, as a memorial to his father). During his incumbency at Berry Pomeroy he was in- strumental in procuring the restoration of the Parish Church ata cost of £3000, and also great improvements in that at Bridgetown. He took an active interest in all local matters, and was much respected in the neighbourhood of Sutton Veney, He married, 1862, Mary Lily, eldest daughter of Edward Heath. His family of eight sons and two daughters survive him. Long obituary notices in Wilts County Mirror, March 22nd, and Wiltshire Times, March 28rd, 1907, the latter giving a portrait. Shorter notice, Salisbury Divcesan Gazette, April, 1907. Rev. William Neil Campbell Wheeler, died Jan. 6th, 1907, aged 50. Buried at Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon. Son of Rev. Thomas Wheeler, formerly Chaplain in the Mauritius (where Mr. Wheeler was born) and Rector of St. Stephen’s, Salford, Manchester. Born July 29th, 1856. Educated at Rossall School and King’s Coll., Camb. B.A., 1879, M.A. 1884. Deacon, 1880; priest, 1881 (Sarum). Curate of Parish Church, Bradford-on-Avon, 1880—86; and of Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon, 1896— 1905. A man of great activity and power of work, he was prominently connected with almost every in- stitution in the town of Bradford. A leading Freemason, a member of the urban council for the last three years, chairman of the committee of the horticultural show, he was to the front in everything connected with the life of the place. But it was as a footballer that *‘ Parson Wheeler ” was best known outside Bradford and in every part of the county of Wilts. He was secretary of the county association for over ten years, and it was largely to his untiring efforts that that association holds the position it does to-day. That fact was recognised when, on December 13th, 1906, the footballers of the county presented him with a handsome testimonial. He was the first and only representative the county has had on the English Football Association Council. Footballers through- out the county were mourning for him on the Saturday succeeding his death, and his funeral was the occasion of a great demonstration of respect on the part of the town, and was largely attended by representa- tives of football clubs, and of many public bodies. Long obit. notices, Devizes Gazette, Jan. 10th and 17th; Wiltshire Times, Jan. 12th; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Feb., 1907. Rev. John Harrington Twining, died April 6th, 1907, aged 51 years. Buried at Woodford. B.A. Durham, 1876, M.A., 1887. Deacon, 1880; priest, 1881 (York.). Curate of Dinnington (Yorks.), 1880—82,; Rector of Dinnington, 1882—86; Vicar of Horton with Woodlands (Dorset), 1886—91 ; Curate of Chickerell and Fleet (Dorset), 1891—93; Vicar of Wilsford with Woodford, 18938 until his death. Obit. notice, Wilts County Mirror, April 12th; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, May, 1907. eer oe a Ae ee ee ee ee eee ee Wilts Obituary. 155 Rev James Thomas Chipperfield Chatto, died Feb. 2nd, 1907, aged 51. Trin. Coll., Camb., B.A., 1877, M.A. 1881. Deacon, 1878; priest, 1879 (York.). Curate of East Coatham, 1878—81 ; Vicar of Caundle Stourton (Dorset), 1880—86; Curate of St. Columb Major (Corn.), 1884—85 ; Vicar of Ramsgill (Yorks), 1886—87 ; St. Cuthbert’s, Thetford, 1888; Rector of Kirklinton (Cumb.), 1889—91; Vicar of East Kennett, 1896—1900; Rector of Blunsdon St. Andrew, 1900 until his death. Edwin Sloper, F.G-S., died Feb., 1905. Buried at Yeovil. Son of Edwin Sloper, of Devizes. Born at Horton (Wilts), 1840. Educated at Corsham. He entered the service of the Wilts and Dorset Bank and afterwards that of Stuckey’s Bank, at Yeovil, Wiveliscombe, Ilminster, and Taunton, where he remained twenty years, removing to London in 1892, where he acted as a director of various companies. He wasa prominent volunteer, and shot for the Elcho Shield. He also took a prominent part in all sorts of institutions at Taunton, and was an active supporter of the Somerset Archeological Society and its museum. He was also a member of a great number of associations and societies connected with Somerset. Obit. notice, Somerset County Gazette, quoted in Devizes Gazette, Feb. 16th, 1905. Rev. George Windsor Tucker, died April 14th, 1907. Trin. Coll., Oxon, B.A. 1855, M.A. 1884. Deacon, 1857 ; priest, 1859 (Chester). Curate of Tattenhall (Chesh.), 1857—58; Great Crosby (Lanes.), 1858 —62; E. Grinstead, 1862—64; Minister of Forest Row (Sussex), 1864— 74; Vicar of Malmesbury, 1874 until his death. Died unmarried. Thomas Awdry, died May 20th, 1907, aged 67. Buried at London Road Cemetery, Salisbury. Born July 6th, 1840. Eldest son of the late Sir John Wither Awdry, of Notton. Born in Poona. He was engaged in the mercantile service for twenty years, and afterwards spent many years in New Zealand, sheep farming. Of late years he had lived at Salisbury, where he had been member of the Town Council since 1904. He took a most useful part in many city and county institutions. He was a staunch churchman and Conservative. He patented several inventions, among them an apparatus for tightening wire fences. Obit notices, Wilts Oounty Mirror, May 24th; Salisbury Journal, May 25th; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, June, 1907. Rev. Joseph Bouvard, died June 9th, 1907, aged 56. Buried at Devizes Cemetery. Born in Haute Savoie, joined missionaries of St. Francis de Sales, 1871. Ordained priest 1877. Professor at College of Giran-les-Bains. Took charge of the Roman Catholic Mission at Devizes, 1885, where he continued until his death. Much esteemed and respected. Obit. notice, Devizes Gazette, June 13th, 1907. 156 Accent Hiltshire Books, Pamphlets, : Articles, Xe. [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views in any way connected with the county to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers and members of the Society generally to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. | Charters and Records of Neales of Berkeley, Yate, and Corsham, by John Alexander Neale. Printed for private circulation. 1906. 10%in. x 74in. pp. 263, with 2 pp. of contents. The introduction to this excellently printed work tells us that its contents are arranged under three heads, the first containing Neales previous to their recorded settlement at Yate, covering a period from 1100 to 1500, for particulars of whom recourse has been chiefly had to the muniments of Berkeley Castle; the second containing Neales of Yate from 1500 to the present time; the third containing Neales of Corsham and Shaw, Wilts, from 1700 to the present time. The earliest name in these lists is that of Nigellus filius Arthuri, who married Aldena, daughter of Robert Fitzharding, first Lord of Berkeley temp. Stephen. Of these early Neales the most distinguished was Friar John Neale, Master of the House of St. Thomas of Acon, 1428— 1463. A list of other Neales mentioned in the Berkeley muniments is given, but their relationships are problematical. Of the Wiltshire Neales, Robert, born 1682, at Yate, who settled as a clothier at Corsham, about 1700, was the first. His son, Robert, b. 1706, married Elizabeth, d. of Thomas Smith, builder of Shaw House, Melksham, aud sat as M.P. for Wootton Bassett. Mrs. Neale, on the death of her brother, John Smith, succeeded to the Shaw House estate, which thus passed to the Neales. Their daughter, Grace Elizabeth, married Sir Henry Burrard (Neale), of Walhampton, and both the Corsham House and Shaw House were let as private schools. Pages 169—208 are taken up with extracts from the Diary of Thomas Smith, of Shaw House, 1721—1723, recording his rides, visits, and visitors, in which mention is made incidentally of a great number of the Wiltshire residents of those days. Pedigrees of the descendants of William and Edith Neale, of Yate, cir. 1500, and of those of Robert Neale, of Yate, b. 1617, are given, Z 3 > J Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 157 The most valuable part of the book is probably the extended list of wills and deeds connected with the family and its property, of each of which a short account is given. Those for Wiltshire concern properties at Corsham, Hartham,and Hatt, Notton, Lacock, Littlecott in Hilmarton, Hatton’s Lodge in Braydon, Light’s Farm or Ford’s in the Well in Yatton Keynell, Melksham Canonhold Manor, Great Chalfield and Holt, Whitley Farm, Beanacre and Shaw in Melksham. Lists are also given with some identification and account of each person mentioned, of Wiltshire families connected with the Neales, as the Arnolds of Corsham, Smiths of Shaw, Selfes of Beanacre, Norris of Nonsuch, Webbs of Melksham and Monkton Farley, Seymours and Ducketts of Calne and Hartham. The book is a useful place of reference, therefore, for great numbers of Wiltshire names, and it is furnished with an excellent index, in which apparently every name mentioned in the body of the work is given. George Crabbe and his Times—1754—1832. A Criticaland Biographical Study,by Rene Huchon, . Translated from the French by Frederick Clarke, M.A. London, John Murray. 1907. Cloth, Yin. x 53in., pp. xvi. + 561.° Price 15s. net. Two portraits, from the picture by Thomas Phillips, R.A., and from the sketch by Sir F. L. Chantrey, R.A. There have been many biographies of Crabbe, the first—that published by his eldest son in 1834—followed by ‘‘ Lives” in Russian and German in 1857 and 1875 respectively, by the Life in the “Great Writers "’ Series, by T. E. Kebbel in 1888, by another in German in 1899, and by Canon Ainger’s volume in the ‘‘ English Men of Letters ’”’ Series, pub- lished so lately as 1903. It seems, however, that for the final and authoritative work on the poet’s life and writings, for no one in the future is likely to feel called upon to amend M. Huchon’s work, we are indebted not to an Englisman at all, but to a Frenchman, the “ Lecturer on English Literature at the Faculty of Letters of the University of Nancy.” The scope of the book is thus described by the author in his preface :—‘‘ The author of this work has endeavoured firstly to rewrite with the help of all the original documents still accessible the Biography of Crabbe pub- lished in 1834 by his eldest son, and secondly to analyse and to criticise in detail the talent of the Poet.” The contents of the work are divided into the following sections:—Youth and Early Poems; The Chaplain and Poet of Country Life; The Clergyman and his Parish Register ; Crabbe’s Realism ; Crabbe as Writer of Tales and Moralist ; a Conclusion summing up his Character and the scope and limitations of his writings. The author has spared no pains to find out everything that there is to to be found out about the poet, no detail is too small to be neglected, no source of information too unimportant to be consulted, and what is more, to be referred to, chapter and verse, in the footnotes. His homes at Aldborough and at Trowbridge are carefully described, and the collections 158 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. of letters and autographs in the possession of Mrs. Mackay, of Trow- bridge, and Mr. Broadley, of Bridport, have been largely drawn on. An excellent “Bibliography” of the various editions of the poet’s works, and of the many magazine articles relating to them, amounting to some two hundred items, is given on pp. 518—530, and a fairly full index completes the work. Of the translator’s work it is sufficient to say that one would never guess that the work had not been written in English. M. Huchon sums up Crabbe’s place in literature thus :—‘ A writer of transition, classical by origin, realistic by temperament, and romantic on very rare occasions, he failed to harmonise the contradictions which encountered one another in himself and in his poetry: taking his subjects from common lifehe imposed on them the jerky movements of the heroic couplet; by nature a satirist and a man of science, he became a poet and a clergyman. His character and his work lack the elevation and the harmony which are the stamp of true greatness. He remained isolated, without imitators and without disciples, but he had wielded a decisive influence at the right moment. Better still he had been one of those men, rare in every age, who are bold enough to look reality in the face, if only in one particular, and who relate what they have seen, regardless of prejudices. Compared with this, how unimportant are the trivialities of his philosophical and religious speculations, the defects of his style? His own method enables us to correct them, and his in- tellectual probity, his robust plain-spokenness, so conspicuous in ‘The Village,’ remain a great example for us.” Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907, has a long notice of the book with cuts of Trowbridge Church and the poet’s memorial tablet there, together with a portrait. Annals of the Parish of North Wraxhall, Wilts. Bath, Charles Higgins, printer, 1906. Qin. x 71iin., wrappers, pp. 168. By the Rev. Francis Harrison, Rector. This work is chiefly concerned with the parish registers. A digest of the entries in the registers from 1605 to 1905 is given, showing the number of males and females baptised or buried in each year, with the number of marriages. Then follows the body of the book, pp. 11—120, containing ‘‘ A List of Persons baptised, asked in marriage, married, and buried in North Wraxhall” arranged in one list alphabetically. Pages 121—134 are filled with elaborate statistics of the population for 1676 (Bp. Compton’s census) down to the present time, giving the names of all persons occurring in the census of 1891 and 1901. The charities occupy pp. 185—139, and pages 140 —166 contain a very detailed account of the Church school, the teachers, reports, grants, &c., from the building of the school in 1832 to the year 1905, when it was handed over to the County Council. The book does not pretend to be in any way a history of the parish. The alphabetical list of the registers is extremely easy of reference, and very useful. Reviewed, Wiltshire Notes and Queries, Dec., 1906, pp. 381—383. Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, Le. 159 Trowbridge, Official Guide, Mate’s Illustrated Trowbridge, a Pictorial and Descriptive Sou- venir, by Rev. Harry Sanders. Limp covers, oblong. 6in. X Yin. N.D. [? 1906.] The letterpress is just what the letterpress of such a guide should be, and without going too much into detail gives a good sketch of the early history of the town, and mentions the chief incidents therein with some description of the Castle as it was, and the existing buildings of the town as they are. In connection with the cloth trade of the town the story of Thomas Helliker, a youth of 19, executed in 1803 as a ringleader. in the machine-breaking riots and the burning of Mr. Nash’s mill, at Littleton, who pleaded his innocence, but died rather than incriminate others whom he knew to be guilty, is given. His funeral was attended by a vast concourse of cloth workers and others, and a tomb was after- wards erected to him ‘by the cloth workers of Yorkshire, Wilts, and Somerset, as a token of kind love to him and veneration for his memory,” which was again restored in 1876 by the cloth workers of the town. The illustrations from photos, of which there are about thirty, are good, and include :—Views of the Town from Wingfield Hill, and from Westwood Road; The Parade; Town Hall and Market House; Town Bridge; Fore Street; People’s Park; Yerbury Almshouses ; Lady Brown’s Cottages; Rectory; Parish Church, Exterior and Interior; Tabernacle; County Cricket Ground ; Rood Ashton, Entrance to Park, and House; River Avon from Staverton Bridge; Longleat and Shire- water Lake; Farleigh Castle and Chapel ; Edington Church ; Westbury White Horse; Kingston Hall and Saxon Church, Bradford; Iford House; South Wraxall Manor; Great Chalfield Manor; Lacock Abbey. Notes on the History of St. Peter’s, Langley Burrell, by A. B. Mynors, M.A., Rector, and Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 1907. Pamphlet. 84in. x 54in., pp. 11 (unpaged). With cut of Church on cover. This is a pamphlet intended for parish use, but it contains a good deal that is of general interest. Mr. Brakspear gives an account of the architecture of the very interesting Church, and Mr. Mynors records the most notable points in the family and manorial history of the place, in addition to which a list of the Patrons and Rectors of the parish from 1304 is given. As to the name of the parish, it is noted that the Earl of Salisbury, Edward the Sheriff, to whom William the Conqueror granted the manor, leased it to Borel, or Burel. In 1804 it was held by the Delameres, and Sir John Delamere sold it in 1343 to Thomas, Lord Berkeley, whose daughter married Sir Reginald de Cobham. The manor thus passed to the Cobhams and De Burghs, the last of the latter selling it in 1565 to John Reed. In 1637 it was owned by Henry White, who also owned Grittleton, and in 1655 or 1657 it was purchased by Samuel Ashe, youngest son of John Ashe, of Freshford (Som.), the ancestor of the present owner. 160 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. It is noted that the King presented to the Rectory in 1391, on account of the minority of Reginald Cobham, who was almost certainly the person who was burnt as a heretic in 1413. ‘He is said to walk still on Steenbrook Hill, carrying his head under his arm . . . another version of the legend narrates that he appears without clothes which probably had its origin in the fact that heretics who were burnt were usually stripped of most of their clothing before being bound to the stake.”’ There is also the following interesting note:—‘ It has often been enquired why Peckingell should formerly have been included in the parish of Kington St. Michael. The facts are these. Peckingell was originally a part of the parish and manor of Langley Burrell. But the Abbot of Glastonbury, to whom Langley Fitzurse belonged, was dis- satisfied with the amoun | »d quality of hispasture. In the year 1240 therefore he obtained 11 ves of rich pasture land known as Peckingell, either by giftor purchase vom the lord of the manor of Langley Burrell, and attached it to his : m manor and to the parish of Kington St. Michael. This re-arrany nent of the parish continued in force until about twenty years ugo, when Peckingell reverted to Langley Burrell under the Divided Parishes Act.” The Defence of the Realme by Sir Henry EKnyvett, 1596, now for the first time printed froman MS. in the Chetham Library, Manchester, with an Introduction by C. Hughes, at the Clarendon Press, MCMVI. Limp white Covers, 7jin. x 5in., pp. xxxvi + 75., admirably printed with wide margins in old-faced type. Sir Henry Knyvett’s title is ‘‘ A brief treatis or rather a project of a course to be taken for the defence of this Realme against all forraine invasion & for the necessarie service of the same in all other actions of warre, scribled in hast and finished the xix of Aprill, 1596.” The author of this treatise was Sir Henry Knyvett, of Charlton, near Malmesbury, brother of Thomas, afterwards Lord Knyvett of Eserick. He was wounded at the siege of Leith, and received the Queen’s special commendation for his conduct there. He afterwards held a Captain’s command at Berwick and served on two occasions in Scotland. He married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sir James Stumpe, of Charlton, whose father, William Stumpe, was the rich clothier who bought Malmesbury Abbey and Charlton at the dissolution. Sir James Stumpe married a Baynton of Bromham. Sir H. Knyvett’s daughter Catherine married, Ist, Richard Rich, and 2nd, Lord Thomas Howard in 1583. Sir Henry Knyvett was High Sheriff of Wilts in 1577. His wife dying in 1588 he married secondly the daughter of Sir John Sydenham, and widow of John Fitz by whom he had no issue. He was one of the Deputy Lieutenants for ordering the County Musters of Wilts against the Armada in 1588. He died June 14th, 1598, and was buried with much pomp at Charlton, where a Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. 161 handsome tomb with recumbent effigies of his first wife and himself still remains. In his ‘Defence of the Realme,” which he presented to Queen Elizabeth,he advocates the general military organisation and compulsory training of all able-bodied men between the ages of 18 and 50, and especially the practice of the long bow as the old national weapon. Wilts and Dorset Bank Annual. Salisbury, Christmas, 1906. 8tin x 54in., wrappers, pp. 103, eight illustrations, of which five are of Wiltshire subjects :—Two views of St. Martin’s Church, Salisbury, East and West, photos from drawings dated 1820; Two views of the Manor House, Little Durnford, ‘‘ From the Lake,” and “From the Lawn”; and “‘ Evening Shadows, Stratford- sub-Castle’”—the latter a beautiful photograph. Of the articles, seven are by Wiltshire authors:—‘ One Summer's Day,” by J. R. Rees, pp. 38—49, discourses very pleasantly of an after- noon spent in discussing Tennyson on Vespasian’s Camp, at Amesbury, H. W. Dartnell contributes ‘‘ Guernsey re-visited,” pp. 58—62; “Some Entomological Captures in the Salisbury District during 1906,” by W. A. Bogue, gives a very useful list of Lepidoptera for a district which has never been properly worked; G. E. Dartnell—one of the editors— has no less than four of the articles, ‘‘ Notes on Longfellow’s Poems,” pp. 74—89; “ Rorke’s Drift, a Ballad,” pp. 23—28 ; ‘‘ Among the Moon- rakers,” pp. 62—71, which containsa number of good Wiltshire stories, as does also the article entitled ‘‘ Wiltshire Memories,” pp. 8—17, which has much to say in a very pleasing way of old days in North Wilts, with anecdotes of many Wiltshire folk whose memory is scarcely known to the present generation. These Wiltshire articles are the making of the present number of the annual. Report of Marlborough College Natural History Society for year ending Christmas, 1905. Marlborough, 1906. This number contains one of Canon Wordsworth’s gossippy papers (Part II.) on Old Marlborough History, dealing chiefly with 17th century events. In the Botanical Section Senecio sylvaticus is noted as growing commonly at Poulton Firs, and Zeucrium scorodonia as growing not uncommonly in the Forest woods south of the Ruins. Other rarities are mentioned, but they seem to be casual escapes. In the Entomological Section five species of Lepidoptera new to the district are noted, bring- ing up the total to 1144. A list of the Coleoptera of the district brought up-to-date is printed, numbering 819 species. There is a short note on two small vessels, one of them a bowl, 44 in. in diameter at top and 24 in. at base, now in possession of the Rev. W. Kettlewell, the other more cup-shaped which was broken and lost, found together about 2 ft. below the surface of the lawn at East Grafton Vicarage. They are described as of British pottery coarse and black and without ornament. Nothing was discovered with them. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVII. M - 162 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. The photographs reproduced include Norman Doorway, Shalbourne Church ; The Devil’s Den; and Sunset, Pewsey Downs. Among the Bird Notes, the Stone Curlew is stated to have hatched off a brood at Hackpen, and a Lesser Redpole was found nesting in the Forest. Report of Marlborough College Natural History Society for year ending 1906. No.55. This Report, as usual, contains the record of much excellent work. Incidentally, too, it is a pleasure to see that the indefatigable President and Editor (Mr. E. Meyrick), who is perhaps the foremost authority on the Micro Lepidoptera now living, has lately been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, an honour which he has justly earned by the enormous amount of work which he has done in past years and is still doing in the very difficult task of classifying and naming the smaller moths from all parts of the world. Mr. Meyrick reprints and brings up to date his very useful list of birds which have occurred in the Marlborough District, correcting the entry in Mr. Smith’s Birds of Wilts of the Red-necked Phalarope (P. hyperboreus) as having occurred in Wilts, showing that this was an error, the bird in question being the Grey Phalarope (P. Sulicarius). An interesting bird note, too, records the fact that the Woodcock nested and hatched its young near Marlborough, last year, the first recorded instance of its breeding in the neighbourhood. Nine new species of Lepidoptera, two of Coleoptera, were found, and five new species were added to the list by the Botanical Section, Helleborus foetidus at Everley, Melilotus parviflora, Centaurea solstitialis, Pyrola minor at Savernake, and Melampyrum cristatum. This interesting note is given in the summary of Meteorological Observations ‘‘ The rainfall was 27°66 inches, more than 4 inches below the average for 41 years, which is 31:96. There have now been eleven years out of the past twelve deficient in rainfall, the nett deficiency on these twelve years, compared with the 41 years mean, is 30°09 inches, but as compared with the mean of the preceeding 30 years, it is no less than 87 inches, or something like 10 per cent. This appears to be a serious depletion of the underground reservoirs in the chalk from which wells and springs are supplied.” The curious story of the romance, suicide, and subsequent laying of the ghost of Mr. Reeve, of Hewish Farm, is reprinted from Vol. x. of Household Words, published in 1854. Wilts and Dorset by Pen and Camera, an Historical, Pictorial, and Descriptive Guide. Part I. Wilts. Price Sixpence net. 1906. Printed and published by W. Mate & Sons, Limited, Bournemouth, Southampton, London, and Lymington. 143in. X 10fin., wrappers. Wilts portion, pp. 52, with forty-six good process views of places of interest in Wiltshire, in additition to a great number of advertising photos of shops on the alternate pages. The illustrations are :—Salisbury : Market Place, Poultry Cross, Close Gate, Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. 163 Cathedral West Front, Cathedral from Palace Grounds, Cathedral Tnterior (2), and Church House. Old Sarum. Wilton House and Church. Longford Castle. Stonehenge. Trowbridge: Fore Street, Town Hall, Bridge, People’s Park, Parish Church—Exterior and Interior. Longleat. Bradford-on-Avon: View of Town, Saxon Church. Melksham, three views. Meet of Hounds at Sandy Lane. Calne: three views. Devizes: Market Place, Castle. Chippenham: three views. Wootton Bassett : View from Church, Market. Malmesbury : High Street, Cross, Abbey. Swindon: Regent Street, Town Hall, High Street, Town Garden, Coate Reservoir. Marlborough: Kingsbury Street, The College. But the best thing about this very cheap though most awkward sized six-pennyworth is—unexpectedly—its letterpress. The author is not named, but whoever he may be he knows his Wiltshire, and he knows it up to date, and he not only knows it but he can write of it in a way which it charming to read, without tall talk and without padding. It seems hardly too much to say that this is the best short account of Wiltshire—of the guide book type—that has yet been written. Itis a pity that it should be mixed up with advertisements of outfitters and family butchers. It gives a far truer and even fuller impression of Wiltshire history, archeology, and architecture, than many far more pretentious works. Wiltshire Leaders, Social and Political, by William Gaskill. Price Three Guineas. London: The Queenhithe Printing and Publishing Co. [1906.] A thick small 4to volume, the pages unnumbered, with two pages of letterpress description, and in most cases a good process portrait of each person. Thereisa considerable amount of tall writing in the descriptions. The number of prominent Wiltshiremen not to be found in its pages is also, as will be easily perceived, considerable. The Leaders who are included therein are as follows :— Duke of Beaufort Col. C. R. Luce W. H. Mann Earl of Pembroke Major J. M. Bennett A. R. Malden Earl Nelson Stanford John Beddoe Lord Arundel of Capt. Frevill Cookson W. S. Bambridge Wardour Capt. G. Hounson Fort W. F. Lawrence Lord Fitzmaurice Canon the Hon. B. P. F. P. Bulley Rt. Hon. W. H. Long __ Bouverie F, H. T. Jervoise Hon. Sir T. R. Canon John Rich John Plume Warrington Canon Jonathan Mayne H. Leaf Sir F. Burdett E. W. Wallington 8. S. Williams Sir C. H. S. Rich G. L. Lopes J. B. Stevens Sir William W. R. HH. F. Clutterbuck J. E. G. Bradford Onslow John Massie G. H. Fletcher Sir John Dickson C. E. H. Hobhouse L. L. Morse Poynder G. P. Fuller E. F. Bosanquet Sir E. P. Tennant C. N. P. Phipps W. Pinckney M 2 164 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. Sir Vincent H. P. A. D. Hussey-Freke G. Knowles Caillard John Ridley W. H. Fowle Col. Sir John Walling- J. G. Wood C. H. Parsons ton Thomas Reed Prof. J. Wrightson Col. R. G. W. Chaloner H. F. Giffard A. Stratton Col. J. R. Magrath P. T. Macquoid Alderman John King Col. Michael Foster J. A. Tyndale Powell R. M. Hall Ward J. M. Swayne Robert Butler Recollections and Letters of the Rev. W. H. E. McKnight, M.A., sometime Rector of Silk Wil- loughby, Lincolnshire, by his Niece, Edith Isabel Thompson. London: Masters& Co. 1907. Cloth, 73in. x 5in., pp. x + 871. Price 6s. William Henry Edward McKnight, son of James McKnight, was born Aug. 1st, 1819, at Shifnal, Salop, and was educated at a school kept by a Mr. Macgregor, near Chester. Before he was 17, he began to teach in a large school in London, where he remained for six years, reading hard himself the while. In 1843 he became private tutor to Lord Suffolk’s grandsons at Charlton Park. Having taken the Dublin degree he was ordained deacon on Dec. 20th, 1846, by the Bishop of Gloucester, and became curate of Charlton, Brokenborough, and Westport, and private chaplain to Lord Suffolk. This curacy he held until 1849, when his tutorship came to an end, and as he could obtain no house in Malmesbury or the neighhourhoed, he gave up his curacy at Westport, and after two years at Purton he settled down at Lydiard (Millicent) Manor, with pupils, in January, 1852, having married Miss Davis, to whom he had been engaged for some years, on Dec. 80th, 1851. Here he remained with a constant succession of pupils until August, 1879, when, having to give up the arduous work of teaching by the orders of his doctor, he accepted the living of Silk Willoughby, in Lincolnshire, and left Lydiard with very real sorrow. He died suddenly at Silk Willoughby on May 3rd, 1896, Mrs. McKnight having predeceased him in July, 1894. Of the old manor house, which was burnt after Mr. McKnight’s time, and has been in ruins ever since, there is a good photo, and in connection with the house the following ghost story is told. In 1764, Miss Mary Askew, the daughter of the then owner of the manor, was engaged to the Rector, but at the same time ‘‘ privately favoured” another suitor. The Rector shot himself at the rectory, in the presence of the lady and the other gentleman. Four years later she married a Col. Blunt, who died in 1811, and some years after this she came into possession of the manor and lived there an eccentric secluded life, dying in 1822. After her death she ‘‘ walked” as she had done in life, up and down the garden path that commanded a full view of the old Rectory, and on a certain night in every year she was seen sitting under a tree known as “ Mrs. Blunt’s Tree.” For thirteen years Mr. McKnight was practically in charge of the parish at Lydiard, at first during the non-residence of Dr. Warneford, a ee Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, kc. 165 the Rector, and afterwards in consequence of the ill-health of the Rev. E. Cleobury, who succeeded him, and built the new rectory, until on the death of the latter Rev. H. R. Hayward succeeded to the living in 1864. This biography, which is largely made up of his own letters and ex- tracts from his diary, shows him to have been a man of great individu- ality of character, in politics a Radical, in religious matters a Broad Churchman, who strongly favoured ‘‘ undenominational” teaching in schools, and found himself constantly at war with the High Church theories of Church and State. A very honest and singularly earnest man, who never concealed his opinions and declined altogether to sub- scribe to the notion that parsons ought not to take any part in politics. On the contrary he fought with all his might for his own side, and his letters and speeches made him a political influence to be reckoned with in North Wilts. Yet he was far from being a mere politician. Hewon the esteem of his pupils, and many men now holding prominent positions were among them, in no common degree. By those who knew him best he was tenderly beloved, as also by his poor neighbours, for whose good he was always ready to work his hardest, whilst his diary and letters show plainly enough his very real and deep spirituality. There are views of St. Mary’s, Westport (Malmesbury); Lydiard Manor; The Church Tower, Lydiard Millicent; and two photographic portraits of Mr. McKnight in his 34th and 63rd years. Wiltshire Notes and Queries, No. 51, September, 1905. The history of the Eyre family of Wilts (Brickworth), with a photo of “ Hyre’s Folly; Erchfont and Stert Records; Quaker Birth Records; Wiltshire Wills proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, and Deeds connected with Edington, are continued. These last include the wills, printed in full, of William, Agnes and Thomas Pleydell. Ditto, No. 52, December, 1905. A note on Sir George Sprigg, of Bristol, M.P. for Cricklade, with a photo of his monument in St. Stephen’s Church, Bristol, and his will proved 1617. Eyre of Wilts ; Erchfont and Stert Records; Quaker Birth Records; Calendar of Feet of Fines for Wilts; Wiltshire Wills; and a list of Wiltshire portraits are continued. Ditto, No. 53, March, 1906. A paper on Stokes of Seend is begun. Erchfont Records; Wiltshire Wills; Eyre of Wilts; and Quaker Burials are continued. There isa note by Rev. F. Harrison on the great election contest for Wilts in 1772, when Ambrose Goddard, of Swindon, defeated Henry Herbert, grandson of the Karl of Pembroke. Canon Wordsworth has a note on existing cartularies, &c., of Wilts monastic houses. Ditto, No 54, June, 1906. The Stokes family; Erchfont Records; Wiltshire Wills; Eyre of Wilts; and Quaker Burials; fill most of the number, 166 =. Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. Wiltshire Notes and Queries, No. 55, September, 1906. Stokes family; Erchfont Records; Quaker Burials; a List of Wiltshire Portraits at Oxford; Eyre of Wilts, with a full-page plate of the Eyre arms ; Wiltshire Wills ; and Calendar of Feet of Fines for Wilts are continued. There is a note on the Brass in Burghill Church, near Hereford, of John Awbrey, who married Rachel, daughter of Richard Danvers, of Totun’[Tokenham], Wilts, and was the grandfather of John Aubrey the Antiquary. Extracts from the complete baronetage, vols. II. —Y., complete this number, in which there is a plate of the devices carved on the west window of the north aisle of Seend Church. Ditto, No. 56, December, 1906. The number opens with a note by Mr. E. Kite, with an illustration copied from an original drawing by Grimm, now in the British Museum (additional M.S. number 15, 547), which bears this title : ‘‘ Beads and Cross found in the grave of the foundress and first abbess of Lacock Nunnery, now fastened to a pilaster in the cloysters, at present the courtyard. August 1790.” These objects have long since disappeared. Erchfont Records; Stokes family; Calendar of Feet of Fines; Wiltshire Wills; Quaker Burials and Wilts extracts from the complete baronetage are continued. There is also a useful list of references to Wiltshire matters in Aubrey’s Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, including West Ashton maze, Newnton Garland custom, Mr. Mompesson of Tidworth, &ec., &e. There is also a list of Wilts marriages from the registers of Somerset House Chapel, 1714—1775. Round about Wiltshire, by A. G. Bradley, with fourteen illustrations in colour by T. C. Gotch, and sixteen other illustrations. Methuen & Co., 36, Essex Street, W.C. London, [1907.] 7}in. x 5in. pp. x + 386. Price 6s. net. The introduction begins with these words: ‘‘ No pretension is made in these pages to an exhaustive exploitation of Wiltshire.” It is not, indeed, a guide book, the author goes where he pleases, and discourses on what pleases him. Chippenham he “has not room” to write about ; as for Trowbridge he doesn’t like it, and that isenough. More than two- thirds of the book are given to North Wilts, and something like one-third to Marlborough and its neighbourhood, a circumstance easy of ex- planation when we remember that the author is himself an enthusiastic Marlburian and the son of his father, head master of Marlborough College, and afterwards Dean of Westminster. A feature of the book is the coloured reproductions—admirable reproductions—from water colour sketches. The sketches themselves seem to vary much from ‘‘ Reminiscence” (an old man in a smock), Market Lavington, Enford, and In the Kennet Valley, which are excellent, to others like The Sheep Fold, which are but “ middling.” ‘‘A Bacon Factory” (at Calne) is a subject boldly treated with plenty of ‘‘ local colour’’ in the shape of impressionist suggestions of sausages and ‘“‘innards” and “lights” ! The half-tone blocks from photos are :—Marlborough from the W.; Old Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. 167 Seymour House, Marlborough College; Savernake, Grand Avenue ; Ramsbury; Cottage at Aldbourne ; Town Hall, Wootton Bassett ; Stones at Avebury (2); Malmesbury Abbey ; Lacock Street ; Salisbury, Cathe- dral, Close Gate, and Poultry Cross; Wilton House; Westbury White Horse; and Wardour Castle. The book is a popular book in the best sense. History appeals to the writer more than archaeology, and a local legend or a story more than history. If you want to know the age and style of a building you had better, as a rule, go elsewhere. If you wish for archeological details you will not find many of them here. But, on the other hand, if you want to be able to picture to yourself what manner of county Wiltshire is, what sort of enjoyment the downland and its villages can afford you, and what manner of people live in them, or, knowing these things already, with the inarticulate knowledge of the native, you desire to see your appreciation expressed as you cannot express it yourself, you can hardly do better than expend 6s. on Mr. Bradley’s book. For he knows his Wiltshire and understands it, being happily not of the number of those writers who regard it as deriving its only claim to interest from the fact that Richard Jefferies lived and wrote in it, just as they look upon Dorset as only worthy of a superior person’s notice because it has pleased Mr. Hardy to call it ‘‘ Wessex.” It is indeed to be wished that that he had been a little more carefulin the spelling of names and in the correction of the proofs, Mr. James Waylen appears as “ Wayland,” and Dr. Gowland, the excavator of Stonehenge, as Mr. “ Dowland,” Barbury is more than once written Barbary,” Laburnum is spelt “ Laburnam,” and Verlucio appears in one passage as “ Veluccio.” Stanton St. Bernard, too, is called Stanton Fitzwarren. His statement of facts also are not quite free from errors. The Cobham efligy at Clyffe Pypard is not made of pure chalk, though other effigies in that Church are; and Upper Upham Manor House is by no means of the 15th century, but as the date still on the porch shows, wholly of 1599, or later. Again, it will surprise a good many people to read that the water was “yellow” with “ water- buttercups.” But these and other such are small blemishes which can easily be corrected in another edition, and the book—for it isa book, and not a series of essays—remains one which most Wiltshire folk who read anything beyond novels will be charmed to read, and very many of them will wish to buy and keep. Itis indeed excellent reading, with a pleasant sense of humour, constantly accompanying the author’s reminiscences, a humour which finds good points in most things, except, indeed, in Trowbridge and the deputy-sexton at Bremhill. Reviewed very favourably, Devizes Gazette, May 16th; Wiltshire Advertiser (by R. D. G.), May 9th; Wilts County Mirror, May 31st ; Wiltshire Times, May 11th; Punch, May 29th; T. P’s Weekly, May 17th; Daily Chronicle, June 6th, 1907. Charity Enquiries, for Fonthill Bishops, Fonthill Gifford, Tisbury, Netherhampton,Teffont Magna, Barford St. Martin, Baverstock, Dinton, 168 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. and Groveley Wood, are reported in Wilts County Mirror, Nov. 16th, 1906. At Barford was noted the “Bough Money,” a payment of £5 annually which for a very long period had been paid by the Earls of Pembroke in consideration of the parishioners surrendering the right to cut live wood in Groveley on the 29th May, or in the month of May. For Whiteparish, Wilts County Mirror, March 8th, 1907. Charity Enquiries. Nuntonand Odstock; Alderbury and Clarendon Park; West Grimstead; Pitton and Farley; Winterslow; West Dean ; Landford and the Earldoms; Whiteparish. Salisbury Journal, Oct. 13th, 1906. Luckington. Devizes Gazette, June 6th, 1907. Correspondence of two brothers, Edward Adolphus, eleventh Duke of Somerset, and his brother Lord Webb Seymour, 1800—1819 and after. Ldited by Lady Gwendolen Ramsden. With three portraits and four other illustrations, 8vo. 15s. net. London, Longmans & Co. 1906. Well reviewed in Spectator, Oct. 20th, 1906. Wiltshire Parish Registers, Marriages, Vol. IIL. 8vo. London, 1906. One hundred and fifty copies only printed, pp. vi. + 151. This volume contains the marriages of East Knoyle, Britford,Ashley, Crudwell, Stockton, Long Newnton, Milston, Bulford, Newton Toney, Allington, and Boscombe. Sir Thomas Lawrence’s Letter-Bag. Edited by George Somes Layard, with recollections of the artist by Miss Elizabeth Croft and letters from Peel, Wellington, and Scott. . . . Allen, 1906. pp. 8320. Demy 8vo. Twenty-two portraits and illustrations. 15s. net. Favourably reviewed, Times Literary Supplement, Dec. 7th, 1906. An Account of the Saxon Church of St. Lawrence, Bradford-on-Avon, by the late Canon W. H. Jones, M.A., F.5.A., Vicar of Bradford-on-Avon. Bradford-on-Avon: Printed by Wm. Dotesio, the Library Press, 1907. Pamphlet, 7fin. x 53in. Price 1s. pp. 26. This is a reprint on good paper of Canon Jones’ account of the Saxon Church, with five illustrations from new photos added. These are 8. and E. end; North,showing Porch ; [Carved Fragments]; Nave from Porch ; Nave and Chancel; HE. End. Of these, the exterior view of the east end, the view across the Nave showing the two doorways, and the block of the carved fragments are valuable as giving the detail more clearly than is usually the case in illustrations of this much illustrated building. Stonehenge. An important letter by Sir Norman Lockyer appeared in the Times, July 30th, 1906, describing the theory of orientation which he contends applies equally to Egyptian Temples and to British Stone Circles. He sums up the uses made of astronomical observations by Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 169 the ancient Egyptians, and presumably by the builders of the Stone Circles also, as three in number. (1) To determine the time at night by means of ‘‘Clock Stars.” (2) To observe a star rising or setting ‘‘ heliacally,” that is, about an hour before sunrise on the chief festivals. (3) To determine when the sun had reached a certain part of its yearly path at which the festivals occurred. ** Stonehenge began as a May temple—a British Memphis—and ended as a solsticial one like that of Amen-Ra at Thebes. Another conclusion is that, whatever else went on some four thousand years ago in the British Circles, there must have been much astronomical observation and a great deal of preparation for it. Some of the outstanding stones must have been illuminated at night, so that we have not only to consider that the priest and deacons must have had a place to live in, but that a sacred fire must have been kept going perpetually, or that there must have been much dry wood available. The question then is raised whether dolmens, chambered barrows, and the like, were not places for the living and not for the dead and therefore whether the burials found in some do not belong to a later time.” Stonehenge Right of Way Case. The Commons and Foot- paths Preservation Society’s Report for 1904—5, contained a long and interesting notice giving the history (from the Society’s point of view) of the action brought by it against Sir Edmund Antrobus, together with an appendix by the Chairman of the Society, the Rt. Hon. G. Shaw Lefevre, commenting on the Judge's decision and justifying the conduct of the Society. The Society bewails the possible ill effects of the Judge’s finding in other cases, effects which Wiltshire antiquaries would deplore equally with the Society itself. Everyone recognises the admirable work which the Society has done and is doing, but that does not prevent Wiltshiremen from regarding its whole course of action in regard to Stonehenge as being deplorably ill-advised, and as being therefore largely itself responsible for any ill effects which the Judge’s decision may give rise to in other cases. A very different point of view is taken by Sir Edward Brabrook in a paper on “ The Progress of Antiquarian Research,’ in The Antiquary for May, 1907, p. 187. ‘‘ By a strange perversity these things (the enclosure of Stonehenge and the raising of the leaning stone by Sir Edmund Antrobus) which ought to have won him commendation were made matters of complaint, and a Society having for its declared object the protection of the interests of the public took action against him in the courts of law.” Mr. A. G. Bradley, too, in “ Round about Wiltshire,” says, “‘It seems to me absurd to cavil about Rights of Way as if a grouse moor or a spinney in Richmond Park were the points at issue. Stonehenge is not & place for beanfeasters to sprawl on, or for Tommy Atkins to occupy in foree while the enemy are approaching from Salisbury or Bulford. Stonehenge is neither a waterfall nor a stalactite cave. : and the South British proletariat are a great deal more likely to carve 170 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. their distinguished names upon the stones than to mentally reconstruct the temple and ruminate on its significance.” “Stonehenge, &c,” by Sir Noman Lockyer. The Times Literary Supplement of December 21st, 1906, contained a long review of this work. George Herbert and His Times, by A. G. Hyde. London: Methuen, 1906. Demy 8vo., with 32 illustrations, price 10s. 6d. net. A long and valuable article on George Herbert, by way of a review of this book, occupies the place of honour in theZimes Literary Supplement, October 5th, 1906. The aim of the book is to describe the life of the poet and the characteristics of his time. It gives an account of his family and early years, school and university life, his relations with the court of James I., and his life at Bemerton, with an estimate of his place among the religious writers of the 17th century, and the influence of his works on the thought and life of later times. Moore Memorial at Bromham. The Celtic cross erected over the grave of Thomas Moore, is illustrated, in Devizes Gazette, November 19th, 1906, accompanied by a reprint of the short original notices of the death and burial of the poet, and the unveiling of the memorial window in the Church in 1879, as well as the longer article by Mr. F. MacDonagh in The Irish Packet describing a visit to Bromham and Sloperton Cottage, and practically inaugurating the movement started by the Rev. A. 8. Hartigan, then curate of Bromham, which has now culminated in the erection of the cross over his grave at a cost of £232, which was unveiled in the presence of a large gathering of English and Irish admirers of the poet on November 24th, 1906. Full reports of the ceremony of unveiling the cross and of the speeches made thereat, together with an article on the life and writings of Thomas Moore appeared in the Devizes Gazette, November 29th. The Wiltshire Advertiser of November 29th also reports the proceedings at length, and gives process views of the “ Cross,” ‘‘ Group of Irish representatives and others outside the Bear Hotel,” and ‘Scene in the churchyard at Bromham after the cross had been unveiled.” These illustrations were reprinted in the issue of December 13th. The Spectator of December 8th contained a letter from A. P. Graves on Moore’s place and influence in Irish literature. Sloperton Cottage. Mr. J. F. Meehan in his issue of The Beacon for May, 1907, has a paper on Thomas Moore (pp. 59, 60) illustrated by a reproduction of a pencil drawing of Sloperton, with a description of the place and its neighbourhood. Farley Hospital. A full report of the proceedings of a meeting called to consider the future of the buildings of the Hospital is given in Salisbury Journal, December Ist, 1906. = » Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 171 Salisbury Old Volunteers’ Colours. These old colours now hanging in the banqueting room are described in Salisbury Journal, December 1st, 1906. Two were presented to the Sarum Armed Association by Miss Hussey, daughter of Alderman William Hussey, M.P., in 1799. This force consisted of 430 men, and was disbanded after 1815. The other two, worked by Mrs. Brodie, wife of Lieut.-Col. Brodie, were presented in 1831 to four companies raised by him in 1831 and disbanded in 1840. Marlborough and Savernake. A pleasant article by A. G. Bradley in the Cornhill Magazine, March, 1907, pp. 392—406. He dwells amongst other things on this characteristic of the district. ‘In a social and economic sense this bit of Wiltshire is surely without a parallel in any ordinary English county. For within an area of about 250 square miles of which Marlborough is nearly the centre, there is not a single country squire, well, one of small estate might just come within the boundary I have drawn. I know no bit of civilised England at all like this one nor any country town even in the wilder and remoter parts of the kingdom so absolutely devoid of what in this sense is meant by a * neighbourhood.” Henry the VIII., by the way, was not actually married at Wolf Hall, as SO many writers have said, and Mr. Bradley once more repeats. The Manton Barrow. A notice of the opening of this Barrow appeared in the Wiltshire Advertiser Oct. 11th, 1906. An extraordinary rigmarole also appeared in the Daily Express, Nov. 1906, headed ‘ Pre- historic Sacrifice, Scene reconstructed by a Bayswater Seer, Rites of the Druids, Story of the Skeleton found at Avebury,” in which the seer describes what he “saw’’ when he pressed an object from the barrow on his forehead, and the uncanny manifestations which he says occurred in the houses to which the objects were taken. Devizes Museum, enlargement and re-arrangement. Articles in Devizes Gazette and Wiltshire Advertiser, Feb. 21st, 1907. The Southampton and Salisbury Canal. The history of this canal, which was begun under two acts of George III., and was intended to run through Romsey, Mottisfont, Dunbridge, Dean, and Alderbury, but was abandoned owing to its being found impossible to make the cutting at Alderbury through the lower Bagshot Sands hold water, is touched on in the evidence of Mr. G. A. Rawlence before the Royal Commission. Reported in Salisbury Journal, Aug. 3rd, 1906. Humourous West Countrie Tales. No. 2. ByE. Slow. Pamphlet. Salisbury. [1906.] Price Sixpence. 64in. x 4}in. pp. 30. Another series of Mr. Slow’s well-known Tales in Wiltshire dialect. 172 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, de. Castle Combe. The Wiltshire Times of April 13th, 1907, begins a series of useful articles on ‘‘ Picturesque Wiltshire” with one con- taining a good deal of interesting matter on the history of Castle Combe, with three cuts of the cross and village. Bradford-on-Avon, the second article of the above series, Wiltshire Times, April 27th, with four cuts: Chapel on the Bridge, Saxon Church, The Hall, and In the Bull-pit, and three columns of letterpress description which are on the whole quite good. The Chapel on the Bridge is, however, in all its upper part of the ‘“‘ Lock up,” and not of the medieval period. Edington, with cut of the Church, and another of the Village, is the third of the series. Wiltshire Times, May 11th. Corsham, with cuts of the Court, Flemish buildings, Mayo Memorial fountain, and Porch of Almshouses forms the fifth of the series. Wilt- shire Times, June 1st, 1907. Charlton Park. The circumstances of the robbery of pictures by an ex-butler, some fifty odd years ago, are recalled in a letter in The Spectator, Feb. 23rd, 1907. The Leper Hospitals of Maiden Bradley and of St. James and Dennis of Southbroom, near Devizes, are the subject of notesin Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907. Peter Ince, who was ejected from Donhead Rectory in 1662, and after earning his living as a shepherd became minister of a meeting-house erected for him by Mr. Grove, and Paul Frewer, ejected from the living of Kempley (Gloucs.), and licensed to preach as a Baptist at Trowbridge, in 1672, are mentioned in Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907. Hares on the Wiltshire Downs. Article in Zhe Times, Dec. 27th, 1906, on the abundance of hares still found on the downs, although in many parts of England they have become very scarce. Woolmer House, in Melksham Parish. I the Wiltshire | Times of January 12th, 1907, Mr. C. H. Talbot wrote correcting a statement that this house had been destroyed. He says: “It is now a farm house belonging to Mr. Charles Awdry. It appears to be certain that the house was built by George Hulbert, Esq., who by his will in 1639, left to the parish of Lacock, in which he was born, a bread charity, which is still distributed. He confirmed by his will the gift which he had made for several years, viz., from 1629, when he bought his property at Woolmer, in the parish of Melksham. He was a citizen and vintner of London. The inscription on the old house at Woolmer is G.M.H. 1681. The letters evidently stand for George and Martha Hulbert. His widow, aa beater Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 173 Martha, the executrix of his will, died in March, 1677. The property appears to have been broken up about 1669, Thomas Hulbert, the son of George Hulbert, being in embarrassed circumstances, partly owing to the non-receipt of his rents during the Civil War. The house is a very interesting example of a not very large gentleman’s house of the time of Charles the First. "Devizes Charters. Mr. Edward Kite printed in the Devizes Gazette of Feb. 16th and 28rd, 1905, an article on the sixteen Charters and Confirmations granted to Devizes, giving abstracts of the contents of each of them, and notes upon the circumstances under which they were granted, &c. Of those granted, the Corporation at present possess seven only, viz., those of Hen. III., Hen..IV., Eliz., James I., Charles I., and James II., and a pardon from Hen. VIII. to the Mayor and Burgesses, Thynne Family. A piece of painted glass from an old house on Haverstock Hill with the arms of Roscarrock impaling Thynne; or, a chevron between, in chief, two roses, gu, and in base, a sea-tench, naiant, az. for Roscarrock ; and barry of ten, or and sa, for Thynne; is figured in The Antiquary, May, 1906, p. 188. The glass is dated 1622, and commemorates the marriage (in May, 1612) of Charles Roscarrock, of Roscarrock, Cornwall, with Dorothea, daughter of Sir John Thynne, of Longleat, and his wife Joan, daughter of Sir Rowland Hayward, twice Lord Mayor of London. Diary (of Events in S. Wilts) for 1906. Wilts County Mirror, Dec. 28th; Salisbury Journal, Dec. 29th, 1906. Farm Changes in 1906. Devizes Gazette, Dec. 27th, 1906. Wiltshire in 1906. The Devizes Gazette, Jan. 3rd and 10th, 1907, has, as usual,a good summary of county events during the year, including most useful lists of changes of incumbencies, and of work done in the way ofrestoration or additions to the Churches of the county. as well as of additions to Nonconformist buildings. This annual resumé of the history of the county is compiled with much care and includes under one or other head some mention of almost everything of local interest _ that has happened during the year. It is by no means an easy matter to put together a county summary on this scale. 174 Books, &c., by Wiltshire Authors. F.V. Dickens C.B. (of Seend). “ Primitive and Medieval Japanese Texts translated into Roman with introductions, notes and index by Frederick Victor Dickens, C.B., sometime registrar of the University of London. With a companion volume of translations.” Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1906. 2 vols. with 11 illustrations, 8vo., 21s. net. Vol. I.; pp. xxv. + 338, vol. II. pp. eviii. + 419. One volume contains the Romanized text of Japanese poetry of the 8th, 10th and 138th centuries with a learned introduction on the grammar and script, the other contains translations of the above into English. The Cambridge Professor of Japanese says of the work “ This is the most important work on any far Eastern literature which has appeared for some time past. The author has long been known as a Japanese scholar of high attainments and as a writer on Japanese subjects. A piece of solid and lasting work.” The Professor of Greek at Dublin says ‘‘ Mr. Dickens’ brilliant attain- ments as a Japanese scholar are well known and have long been recognised. None less could have availed to accomplish as he has done, with splendid success, the task he has set himself.” Canon John Duncan, vicar of Calne, contributed a chapter to “A Pastoral Bishop. A memoir of Alexander Chinnery Haldane, D.D., sometime Bishop of Argyll and the Isles.” By T. J. Ball, LL.D., Qin. X 53in., pp. ix. x 210. Longmans, 1907, 6s. 6d. Dr.Chinnery Haldane began his career (1842 —1906) as Curate of Calne. ——- — A sermon preached by him in Salisbury Cathedral at the commemoration service on November 7th, 1906, on the subject of the Treasurers of the Cathedral, who were also vicars of Calne, is printed in full in Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, December, 1906, and Salisbury Journal, November 10th, 1906. Right Rev. John Wordsworth, D.D., Bishop of Salis- bury. ‘The Bishops and National Righteousness. Letter to an incumbent of the Diocese of Salisbury dated 15th December, 1906.” Brown & Co., Salisbury, and Longmans, London. Price sixpence. Noticed, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, February, 1907. — ee ‘‘Church and Empire, sermon preached in the Cathedral, May 19th, 1907.” Printed in full in Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, June, 1907. “ Holy Communion, a Duty and Blessing for all Christians and for all time. Sermon preached in Salisbury Cathedral on Easter Day, 31st March, 1907.” Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, May, 1907. Books, &c., by Wiltshire Authors. 175 “The Bishop’s New Year’s letter to the clergy and laity of the Diocese.” Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, January, 1907. «‘ Sermon on the observance of the Lord’s Day,” preached in Cathedral on the previous Sunday. Salisbury Journal, July 7th, 1906. “The needs of the Church. Sermon with special references to the Report of the Ecclesiastical Discipline Commission, preached on Sunday, 28th October, 1906.” Salisbury: Brown & Co., 1906. 6}in. x 44in. James Knight Adkin (son of Rector of Crudwell), has a poem “The Border Lovers,” in Z7'he Spectator, March 30th, 1907. Rev. Douglas Macleane (Rector of Codford St. Peter), ‘‘ Reason, thought and language, or the Many and the One, a revised system of Logical doctrine in relation to the forms of idiomatic discourse.” London: Henry Frowde, 1906. Noticed, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, December, 1906. Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. The September, 1906, number of the Archeological Journal, vol. lxiii., pp. 129—186, contains a very complete and lavishly illustrated account of ‘The Cistercian Abbey of Beaulieu, in the County of Southampton,” the joint production of those inveterate Abbey diggers, Messrs. H. Brakspear and W. H. St. John Hope. ———— —. The description of the Church, in Notes on the History of St. Peter's, Langley Burrell, 1907. - George Long (of Ogbourne ?), “ Fortune’s Wheel,” a novel ; reviewed Pe Marlborough Times, November 11th, 1905 “Right Hon. W. H. Long contributes an introduction to “Ireland To-day and Tomorrow,” by E. B. Iwan Muller. Chapman & Hall, 1907, 3s. 6d. net. 4 F. Awdry. “A Country Gentleman of the Nineteenth Century,” Warren & Son, Winchester, 7s. 6d. net. (Life of Sir William Heath- cote, of Hursley) noticed, Spectator, December 8th, 1906. Emma Marie Caillard. “A Psychological Puzzle.” Article in Contemporary Review, February, 1907, pp. 230—245 (on the case of Miss Beauchamp). ._ D. Gillman (of Devizes)‘ Pictures of Travel” (Reisebilder), by Heinrich Heine. A new translation complete in one volume, by Russell Davis Gillman, F.R. G.S., with Introductions and Forewords.” London : Sampson Low. New York : Seribners. 1907. 9in.+5fin., pp. 401. 10s. 6d. net. (100 numbered copies, on hand made paper, lds.). Reviewed favourably Devizes Gazette, May 9th; Salisbury Journal, May 18th. Unfavourably, Zimes Literary Supplement, May 24th, 1907. E. BR. Bernard, Canon and Chancellor of Salisbury. ‘© Great Moral Teachers.” Macmillan, 1906. 3s. 6d. net. Noticed, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, January, 1907. ; 176 PORTRAITS. Wilts Parliamentary Candidates, General Election, 1906. Devizes Gazette, January 18th, 1906, had a good supplement with photos of all candidates and short sketches of their careers :—Major G. D. White; F.E.N. Rogers; J.R. Randolph ; Sir J. Dickson Poynder; Lord Dunsany ; J.M.F.Fuller ; Arnold White; J. Massie; Capt. Morrison; L. L. Morse; Sir Walter Palmer ; and (Sir) E. P. Tennant. Good process portraits of Lady Tennant, the Duchess of Somerset, and the Mayor (Councillor Grove) and Mayoress of Salisbury, with a view of the Young Men’s Christian Association buildings at Salisbury, are given as a supplement to the Wilts County Mirror, Nov. 30th, 1906, with reference to the visit of H. R. H. Princess Christian to open the buildings on Noy. 27th. C. E. Hobhouse, M.P., Under Secretary of State for India. lust. London News, Feb. 2nd, 1907. Lord Kerry. Iilust. London News, March 9th. Bystander, Feb. 27th, 1907. Lord Alexander Thynne. Bystander, Feb. 27th, 1907. J. M. F. Fuller, M.P., Vice-Chamberlain. Ladies’ Field, March 16th, 1907. George Colman, of Trowbridge, died March 25th, 1907. Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907. Maria Harper of Manningford Bruce, 100 years old. Born at Patney, March 12th, 1807. Wiltshire Times, March 30th, 1907. R. D. Gillman. Jllust. London News, March 30th, 1907. Marchioness of Lansdowne. Jilust. London News, March 30th, 1907. Rt. Hon. W. H. Long, M.P., on “‘ Recruit ” in House of Commons Steeple Chase. Wiltshire Times, April 13th, 1907. Lady Dickson Poynder and daughter, after Shannon. Zhe World and His Wife, May, 1907. Rev. E. J. Bodington, Vicar of Calne. Wiltshire Times, May 11th, 1907. Ven. Hemming Robeson, Archdeacon of N. Wilts, with sketch of his career, Wiltshire Times, June 1st, 1907. y Rev. J. P. Perkins, minister of Common Close Congregational Church, Warminster, with sketch of hiscareer. Wiltshire Times, June 1st, 1907. Rosa Edith, d. of Mr. Hamilton Fulton, of Salisbury (Mrs. W. L. Chance). Hearth and Home, May 30th, 1907. Rev. Sir James E. Philipps, Bart. Wiltshire Times, June 8th, 1907. 177 Additions to Ausenm and Hibrary. Museum. Presented by Rev. G. R. Hapow: Copper Gilt Chalice of 16th Century, pos- sibly of Spanish work, from collection of Lord Grimthorpe. », CAPTAIN SPIcER: Dagger of 13th Century (?), Key, and Medizval Pottery, all dredged from the Thames in London. ,, Caprain J. A. Morrison: Objects found in excavations near Fonthill. [These should have been acknowledged last year. | » Mr. H. Ricuarpson: Carriers’ Lantern. » Mr. A. D. Passmore: Cast of Seal of Wilts and Berks Canal. », LorD GrantLEy: Oak Tree Coffin found under one of the nave pillars of Minety Church. » Mr. C. H. Woopwarp: Devizes Memento Vases. » Miss KE. BE. Wetts: Gold Coin. » Rev. H. G. O. Kenpatt: A number of Paleolithic Flints from Knowle. » Rev. E.H.Gopparp: A number of Neolithic Flints from Clyffe Pypard. » Mr. B. H. Cunnineron: Drinking Cup from Brigmerston; Pottery Vessel and Bone Comb from Pit Dwelling at Oldbury. Library. Presented by Rev. C. F. Wuxar: Lithograph of the Doom Picture formerly in Winterslow Church. » Rev. E. H. Gopparp: Autobiography of an old Passport by Rev. A. C. Smith.—§# LH ighteen Wiltshire Pamplets. Sarum Almanacks.— Portraits. », Rev. C. W. Hony: Print. », Miss Humpuris : Old Map of Wiltshire. » Mr. A. Tucker: Two Wilts Prints. », THe PusiisHEeR (Mr. John Murray) : “ George Crabbe and his Times,” by René Huchon, 1907. » Mr. B. H. Cunnineton: Framed Photo of the Wootton Bassett Ducking Stool. i » Mr. C. H. Woopwarp: Album containing 121 Picture Post- cards of the Devizes Neighbourhood. » PROPRIETORS oF THE “‘ WILTSHIRE Ti1mEs”’ : Copies of the paper with Wiltshire Articles. 178 Additions to Museum and Library. Presented by THe PusiisHers (Messrs. Methuen): ‘ Round about Wilt- shire,’ 1907, by A. G. Bradley. », THE AuTHOR (Edith I. Thomson) : “ Recollections and Letters of the Rev. W. H. E. McKnight,” 1907. », THE AurHor : “ Heine’s Reisebilder, English translation,’ by R. D. Gillman. », THE PustisHER (W. Dotesio): ‘‘An account of the Saxon Church of Bradford-on-Avon by the late Canon W. H. Jones,’ 1907. » THe AutTHoR (Ed. Slow): Humorous West Countrie Tales, No.2. » THE AutHoR (Rev. F. Harrison) : Annals of the Parish of North Wraxall. , THE Eprtor (C. Hughes): ‘‘ The Defence of the Realme, by Sir Henry Knyvett. 1596.” ; THE Epitror (G. E. Dartnell): ‘Wilts and Dorset Bank Annual,” 1906. ,, Rey. B. W. Braprorp, Akerman’s ‘‘ Springtide’’; Moberly’s “Great Forty Days’; Caswall’s Sermons; Harris’ Ser- mons; Bishop Burnet’s XXXIX Articles. ,, Tue AutTHoR (Lord Fitzmaurice): ‘‘ The Life of Earl Granville,” two vols. 1905. ; Rev. C. V. Gopparp: Wilts Picture Postcards. Salisbury Journal. South Wilts Church Magazine for 1906. » Mr. J. Watson Taytor: “Treatise on the Ananas or Pine Apple.” », THE AuTHoR (Rev. A. B. Mynors): “ Notes on the History of St. Peter’s, Langley Burrell.” 1607. ,, Mr. H. E. Mepuicorr: Salisbury Diocesan Gazette; Devizes Gazette; and North Wilts Church Magazine for 1906. Ancient Monuments Protection Acts. ,; Mr. BE. O. P. Bouverte: Wiltshire Advertiser. », Mr. A. SchomBere: Type-written work on the Long Family, by W. Chitty. A History of the Family of Eyre of Eyrecourt, in the County of Galway, by Rev. H. S. Hartigan. Part II. Wilts Prints. ,, Mgssrs. E. Coox and C. F. Hart, as Trustees of the Jate Mr. P. P. Phillips: Burke’s “ Visitation of the Seats and Arms of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain,” 2 vols. —‘ Handy Book, &e.,” by J. Combes. ,, Mr. James TurnER: ‘ Reports on the Employment of Women and Children in Agriculture, 1843” (Wilts, &c.). 179 i: —a 9 OT G9Z OF Tea yy. 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WILTSHIRE—THE TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.R.S.. A.D. 1659-1670 Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. In 4to , Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates Price £2 10s, WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM. CHARLES TI. 8vo., pp. vii, 501. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 13s. A BIBLIOGRAPHY or tut GREAT STONE MONUMENTS or WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE anp AVEBURY, with other references, by W. Jerome Harrison, F.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &c., by 732 authors. ADVERTISEMENTS. A certain space on the cover of the Magazine will in future be available for Advertisements of Books or other kindred matters. For terms apply to the Rev. E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. ts NOW IN HE PRESS. TO BE ISSUED SHORTLY. This work, to be issued in two vols., 8vo, is: of great importance for Wiltshire Topography and Genealogy. The MS. book, which belonged to Thomas Tropenell, the builder of the well-known Manor House at Great Chalfield, 1464—1488, contains a great number of deeds connected with many Wiltshire parishes and families. The work is offered to Members of the Society at £1 10s., and to Non-Members at £2. Only 150 copies will be printed. In- tending subscribers are asked to send their orders as soon as possible to Rev. E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. FOR SALE.—A COMPLETE SET OF THE WILTS ARCH. MAG., Bound balf-calf extra. What offers ? Back numbers of Wilts Arch. Mag. to make up sets can be had. j £ snd HOARE’S MODERN WILTSHIRE—OLD & NEW SARUM,1843 310 O DODSWORTH’S SALISBURY CATHEDRAL, 1814 15 0 SMITH’S BIRDS OF WILTSHIRE, 1887 13 6 NEEDHAM REES, ROUNDWAY HILL, A POEM, 1787 3 6 COOKE’S ENQUIRY INTO PATRIARCHAL AND DRUIDICAL RELIGION, TEMPLES, &c., 1754 60 D Apply :—Cnas. H. Woopwakb, Printer and Publisher, Devizes. NEW MEMBERS, elected since June, 1905:— Bristol Municipal Public Library (E. R. Norris Mathews, F.R.Hist. S., City Librarian), Central Library, Bristol Brooke, J. W., Rosslyn, Marlborough Bruce, Rev. A. R. H., Bremhill, Calne Burder, Alfred W. N., F.S.A., Belcombe Court, Bradford-on-Avon Chubb, C. H. E., Bemerton Lodge, Salisbury Coates, John, The Academy, North Street, Wilton, Salisbury Coleman, A., Wootton Bassett Cooper, Rev. W. H. Hewlett, Tockenham Rectory, Swindon Coward, E., Roundway, Devizes Coward, Mrs., Roundway, Devizes Dryden, Miss, Beechwood, Iffley, Oxford Dubourg, A. W., The Mount, Wilton, Salisbury Ewing, Mrs. Alexander, The Lawn, Taunton Firman, Rev. §., Cherhill Rectory, Calne Gilbert, A. J., High Street, Swindon. Going, Rev. John, Harford House, Purton, Swindon Gow, James, West Street, Wilton, Salisbury Harrison, Rey. D. P., Lydiard Millicent Reetory, Swindon Jefferies, Miss M., St. Helen's Lodge, Ipswich Kendle, G. R., South Street, Wilton, Salisbury Lucas, J., 18, Market Place, Warminster Luxmoore, L. A., The Sands, Swindon Mann, William H., Plain House, Hinton Charterhouse, near Bath Marten, H., Southgate House, Devizes ; j Martin, Miss K. Wykeham, Purton, Swindon Matcham, G. Eyre, New House, Salisbury Mogg, Rev. H. H., Chittoe Vicarage, Chippenham Naish, Miss R. V., Wilton, Salisbury Parsons, R., Hunt’s Mill Farm, Wootton Bassett Penrose, Dr. F. G., Wick House, Downton, Salisbury Perkins, Rev. Charles, Little Hinton Rectory, Swindon Perkins, Mrs., Little Hinton Rectory, Swindon Prescott, H. M., 91, St. Mark’s Road, North Kensington, W. Pope, Rev. EK. J., Stockton Rectory, Codford St. Mary, Wilts Richmond, Dr. R. Tf, Wilton, Salisbury Shaw, F. M., Hilmarton Lodge, Calne Shuttleworth, Rev. W. Starkie, Hillside, Hast Ifarnham, Salisbury Smith, W. F., The Green, Calne : Stephens, Rey. J. F. D., The Vicarage, Highworth, Swindon ; ; oe ~~ Stone, E. H., Freshford, Somerset Sturton, Rev. J. A., Market Lavington Vicarage, Devizes Tuck, E. Newall, St. Paul’s Street, Chippenham ‘ : Ward, J. E., Red Lodge, Purton, Wilts ’ Warrender, Miss, Stoke House, Purton, Wilts : ; Warrington, the Hon. Mr. Justice, Clyffe Hall, Market Lavington, Devizes Wilson, Alfred J., 3, Manor Street, Bridlington, Yorks. Windley, Rev. Francis, Amesbury Vicarage, Salisbury AGEN T'S , FoR THR SALE OF THER WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. Bath Rk. F. Houston, New Bond Street. Bristol«. ~, JAMES Fawn & Son, 18, Queen’s Road. Calne A. Heatu & Son, Market Place. Chippenham R. F. Houtsron, High Street. Devizes C. H. Woopwarb, Saint John Street. Marlborough Lucy & Co., Post Office. Melksham JOLLIFFE & Co., Bank Street. Oxford JAS. ParkER & Co., Broad Street. Salisbury Brown & Co., Canal. Trowbridge G. W. Ross, 66, Fore Street. Warminster A. H._Coatrs._Mar iE No. CVIII. DECEMBER, 1907. Vou. XXXV. hiss Sat lian | aula erat 28 OCT 1938 _ foe Areheolagiral and Aatural Wistory MAGAZINE, Published under the Direction OF THE SOCIETY FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, AD DB ae: EDITED BY REV. E. H. GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. i Aer een §- - Ne 7 DEVIZES: | PRINTED AND soLD FoR THE Society By ©. H. Woopwarp, 4, St. JoHN STREET. Price 5s. 6d. Members, Gratis. _ Wiltshire Inquisitions Post Mortem, Hen. III., Part VI., issued with : this Number, NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE, that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols. Vlii., XVi., xxiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are each indexed separately. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for the current year, are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. Davin Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis, as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip- tions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear, and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- taries: the Rev. E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, and E. O. P.BouveriE, Esq., The Old House, Market Lavington, Wilts. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS. To BE OBTAINED OF Mr. D. Owen, BANK CHaAmBERS, DEVIZES. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas 4to, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s. One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s. 6d. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo. 504 pp., with Map, Extra Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston, M.A. Price to the Public, 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or tut STOURHEAD COLLECTION OF ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Price ls 6d. CATALOGUE or true SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at tHe MUSEUM. Price 1s. 6d. ; to Members, 1s. APPENDIX Nol., II, and III1., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp MAPS 1n tHE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at toe MUSEUM, Price 2s. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS 1 tHe SOCIETY’S COLLECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBERS or tut MAGAZINE Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few Numbers, the price of which is raised.) Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long—Nos. 46-7 of the Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most reliable account of Stonehenge and its Earthworks. WILTSHIRE Archeolagical and Hatural Wistary MAGAZINE. No. CVIII. DECEMBER, 1907. VoL. XXXV. Contents. PAGE Tae Firry-FourtH GENERAL MEETING, aT SWINDON ...ccccessecees ees 181 Tae Eartiest CHarrers oF THE ABBEY oF Lacock: By Rev. W. G. re Nineop SPE Any Aickse ones ipuneuiges ote des iresceccseas saves venasenee ota Tar CaurcHWARDENS’ Accounts oF Mzre: Transcribed by T. H. Baker (Continwed from p. 92) ...seccssseeseseeseeeeee tessa eee eeraneeeenes 210 Customs oF WISHFORD AND BaRFoRD IN GROVELY Forrest. WITH Furtuer Norzs oy WisHrorp: By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth 283 Naturat History Novss............. SLA abe inaiinns Susan ede desleaienasen 317 WILTS OBITUARY .........cccssnceccecscsscccorsesccccssscesestescecsecensccsscnvenaus 319 Recent WittTsHirE Books, PaMPHLETS, ARTICLES, S&C. ......00;+00eeeees 323 Booxs anp ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS, NC.......-cssceeeseeeees 838 AppITIons To MUSEUM AND LIBRARY.....-:s1.cseeeceecseesercceecenereeeees 344 DEVIZES: C. H. Woopwarp 4, Saint JoHN STREET. WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. “MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’—Ovid. DECEMBER, 1907. THE FIFTY-FOURTH GENERAL MEETING OF THE ; id . Wiltshire Archeological and Natural Wistory Society. HELD AT SWINDON, July 3rd, 4th, and 5th, 19072 WEDNESDAY, JULY 3nrp. THE General Meeting was held, by kind invitation of the Mayor and Corporation of Swindon, at the Town Hall, at 3.30 p.m., _ before which hour a party of the Members had been shown over the works of the G.W.R. by the kindness of MR. G. J. CHURCHWARD. r At the Town Hall, in the unavoidable absence of the Mayor, the Deputy-Mayor, MR. ALDERMAN WILLIAMS, accompanied by several members of the Corporation, welcomed the Society in a few words toSwindon. MR.N.STORY MASKELYNE, F.R.S., on behalf of the Society, replied shortly,and then, in the absence of the President _ of the Society—Lord Pembroke, took the chair at the General Meeting, and proceeded with the election of ten new Members, H 1 The fullest account of the Meeting is given in the Swindon Advertiser of July 5th, 1907. Shorter accounts are given in North Wilts Herald and Wilts County Mirror of the same date. | VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. N 182 The Fifty-fourth General Meeting. nine of whom were from the Swindon neighbourhood. He then called on the Hon. Secretary, REV. E. H. GODDARD, to read THE ANNUAL REPORT PRESENTED JULY, 1907. “The Committee begs to present the fifty-fourth annual report of the Society. “ Members.—The number of Members on the books of the Society on June 12th, 1907, was seventeen Life Members and three hundred and sixty-nine Annual Subscribers, with twenty-two Societies and Institutions with whom we exchange publications. We lost by death ten Members during the year, and by resignation twelve. On the other hand thirty-four newAnnual Subscribers were elected, and two more Societies were added to the exchange list ; our num- bers, therefore, stand at three hundred and eighty-six, as com- pared with three hundred and seventy-five last year, or, if the exchanging Societies be counted, four hundred and eight against three hundred and ninety-five. The Wilton Meeting, successful in other ways also, gained us many new Members in the south of the county. Among the losses by death that of Mr. W. F. Morgan deprives the Society of its Local Secretary at Warminster, and of one who did much for us at more than one Warminster Meeting. _ “Finance.—The accounts for the the year 1906 are printed at the end of the June number of the Magazine. The balance in hand on the General Fund on December 31st, 1906,was £44 1s.64d., as compared with £13 19s.13d. on December 31st, 1905. This increase is largely to be accounted for by the very handsome sum of £24 9s. 6d. handed to the Society by the Local Committee as the balance on the Meeting at Wilton last year. The subscriptions to the Museum Maintenance Fund received in 1906 amounted to £37. The Museum Enlargement Fund had a balance on December 31st, 1906, of £130 Os. 11d. In reference to this account, however, it should be mentioned that the loan, without interest, of £200 from Mr. W. Heward Bell, several years ago, which enabled the Society to purchase the house adjoining the Museum, has not yet been repaid, and is still a charge upon this fund. “ Museum.—The number of visitors to the Museum during the year was eight hundred and sixty-nine, as against six hundred and The Report. 183 seventy-one in the preceding year. The Museum Maintenance Fund has been of the greatest use in enabling the Society to furnish the new room with two excellent wall cases, and in many other ways. As a result of this provision of additional space for ex- hibition much good work has been accomplished by the Hon, Curator and Mrs. Cunnington in the way of the re-arrangement of cases, and the provision of good type-written labels. Many valuable specimens, hitherto scarcely visible owing to the crowded state of the cases, are now exhibited to far greater advantage. In this connection the Committee would appeal to Members for specimens of objects of ancient household or agricultural use in Wiltshire. Tools, implements, and appliances in common use two generations back are often of considerable interest now, and their interest will increase as time goes on. “The Inbrary—tThe Society has again to thank many authors and publishers for gifts of books recently published, connected with Wiltshire, as well as other donors. _ The Library continues, indeed, rapidly to grow in importance, and an appendix to the catalogue containing the titles of all books and pamphlets added since January, 1900—some seven hundred in number—has been compiled by the Rev. E. H. Goddard, and type-written for reference. A large volume of Wiltshire cuttings and scraps has been mounted and indexed by the Rev. C. V. Goddard, and two large scrap books containing in the one case Wiltshire portraits and in the other Wiltshire prints and views, have been completed by the Rev. E. H. Goddard. An appeal made on the cover of the Magazine for local picture postcards, brought a generous donation of one hundred and twenty cards of the Devizes neighbourhood from Mr. C. H. Woodward. The Committee would venture to suggest to publishers of picture postcards of Wiltshire, as well as to other ‘members, that further gifts would be very acceptable. _ “The Magazine—The number for December, 1906, completing the thirty-fourth volume, contained a very full and complete index, for which the Society is again indebted to Miss Inez Story- Maskelyne. The Society is indebted to the Rev. J. A. Lloyd for a contribution’ towards the expense of printing the early N 2 184 The Fifty-fourth General Meeting. churchwardens’ accounts of Mere, and to Dr. J. B. Maurice for help towards the cost of the plates illustrating the account of the re- markable barrow excavated on his property at Manton by Mr. B. H. Cunnington and described by Mrs. Cunnington. “The Tropenell Cartulary.—The transcriber and editor, the Rev. J. Silvester Davies, F.S.A., reports that the whole of the text of work in two vols, is now in print. The introduction, the analytical table of contents, and the index have still to be finished and printed, but it is hoped that the work may be issued to subscribers well within the next six months. “The ‘Grey Wethers.—As a consequence of the change of ownership on the sale of the Meux estates in the neighbourhood of Marlborough, a probability arose of the destruction on a large scale, for commercial purposes, of the sarsen stones lying in such numbers on the downs in that locality, and more especially of those adjacent to high roads, such as the well-known “Grey Wethers” in Piggle Dean, on the Bath Road, and the very large masses in Lockeridge Dean. The Committee having appointed a sub-committee to devise measures, if possible, for the preservation of these two sites, the owner, Mr. Alec Taylor, met them in a very friendly spirit, and has made a definite offer of some twenty acres on these sites for £500. Our Society has obtained in this matter the cordial co-operation of the National Trust and of the Marl- borough College Natural History Society, and a joint appeal is now being issued by the three Societies with a first list of promises of subscriptions already received. The Committee commend this effort to preserve intact at least some portion of these remarkable assemblages of Sarsen stones to all who are interested in the County of Wilts. The two sites, if purchased, will be vested in the National Trust. The Committee have great pleasure in acknowledging the con- tinuous efforts of Mr. Goddard and the other Officers to advance the interests of the Society. “ Annual Meeting.—As has been said above, the Annual Meeting at Wilton, in 1906, was from many points of view one of the most successful of recent years, and from the enthusiastic way in = er het The Report. 185 which the Meeting of 1907 has been taken up by the authorities and the Local Committee of Swindon, there seems no reason to doubt that this year’s Meeting will also prove a conspicuous successs. The Committee hope that it may result especially in a considerable increase in our membership in the Swindon neigh- bourhood.”’ The Chairman, in moving the adoption of the Report, commended the appeal for funds to purchase portions of the land on which the “Grey Wethers” lie to the Meeting and to Wiltshiremen generally. They were an interesting feature of Wiltshire, and were being destroyed rapidly ; here was an opportunity of saving a part of two well-known collections of them for posterity. Mr. Maskelyne went on to thank the Secretaries and other Officers of the Society for the time and trouble which they spent upon the Society. . The Rev. E. H. Goddard, in reply, said it was a pleasure to work for the Society, and in a small way he was glad to regard work done for the Society as work done by Wiltshiremen for the County of Wilts. Mr. Goddard then described the two areas in Piggle Dean and Lockeridge Dean which it was proposed to purchase and preserve. He said that it was a matter which should be of interest not merely to the Marlborough neighbourhood but the whole county, and in- deed to geologists generally throughout England. It was a reason- able supposition that the sarsens of Stonehenge came from this immediate locality, and very possibly from Lockeridge Dean itself. He also read a letter from Dr. H. P. Blackmore, of Salisbury, well known as one of the leading geological authorities in Wiltshire, warmly commending the action of the associated societies in the endeavour to preserve some samples, at least, of the sarsens in their natural condition. Mr. Goddard also read a list of subscriptions already promised to the fund, amounting to about £130, and mentioned that Mr. Alec Taylor, the new owner of the property, had met the representatives of the Society in a very friendly spirit, and had at once declared his intention of 186 Thv Fifty-fourth Gencral Meeting. himself preserving the “ Devil’s Den” cromlech — any possible injury. The Officers of the Society having been formally re- lease on the motion of the Chairman, the business ended, and the Members proceeded to “The Lawn,” where the HIGH SHERIFF, MR. F. P. GODDARD, and Mrs. Goddard most kindly entertained them at tea, after which a visit to the remains of the old Parish Church was paid. The Anniversary Dinner was held at the Goddard Arms at 7 o'clock, the HIGH SHERIFF being in the chair, and at 8.30 the Members and others assembled in the Town Hall for the Conver- sazione, to the number of seventy-two. A much larger number had accepted the invitation of the Local Committee to be present, but the weather on the opening day, and also on the evening of the second day, when fifty-six were-present, was wet, and doubtless prevented many who would otherwise have put in an appearance from being present at the meetings. THE MAYOR of Swindon, MR. F. 8. COLEMAN, having taken the chair, expressed his regret at having been unavoidably absent at the Opening Meeting, called upon MR. A. COLEMAN to read his paper on “THE PARISH REGISTERS OF SWINDON.”! This was followed by a song from Miss Finn, and an interval for most bountiful refreshments, provided by the kindness of the Mayor, during which a selection of music was played by the orchestra. MR. A.D. PASSMORE then gave an excellent lecture on “EXTINCT MONSTERS,” illustrated by a large and excellent series of lantern slides, in which he described in a popular way the various saurians whose bones have been found in the Kimmeridge Clay at Swindon. Another song followed, and the REV. E. H. GODDARD having shortly described the places to be visited on the next day’s ex- cursion, the proceedings of the evening came to an end. 1 Printed in full in Swindon Advertiser, July 5th, 1907. Thursday, July 4th. 187 THURSDAY, JULY 4tu. Leaving by the 9.13 train from the G.W.R. Station a party numbering twenty-one journeyed by rail to Gloucester and thence drove in a brake to DEERHURST, where they inspected the Parish Church, with its extraordinarily interesting remains of Saxon work, providing so many puzzles for the antiquary, the remains of the Priory incorporated in the adjoining farm-house, and the equally interesting Saxon Chapel.’ Here CANON W. BAZELEY, late Honorary Secretary of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Society, most kindly undertook the office of guide. Entering the brake again the party drove on past the site of the battle of Tewkesbury to the Swan Hotel at TEWKESBURY, where lunch was ready for ‘them. THE ABBEY CHURCH was afterwards excellently seen under the guidance of the sacrist, who has the history of the buildings at his fingers’ ends. Though a sharp storm occurred just as the Church at Deerhurst was reached, and a thunderstorm, with rain of exceptional violence delayed the party in reaching the Abbey at Tewkesbury, the weather, though threatening, did not seriously interfere with the carrying out of the day’s programme, which proved singularly interesting and enjoyable to those who took part init. The return journey from Tewkesbury was made by train, reaching Swindon at 6.50. : _.. THE CONVERSAZIONE was held again in the Town Hall at . .8:30, under the chairmanship of the HIGH SHERIFF OF WILTS, MR. F. P. GODDARD, the refreshments this evening being the kind gift of the Local Committee. As on the previous night there -were songs and violin solos, and selections by the band, interspersed -with the more serious business of the evening, the chief item of which was MR. H. BRAKSPEAR’S address on ‘THE EXCAVATION OF STANLEY ABBEY,” illustrated by plans anda series of lantern slides of the principal objects discovered. MR. A. D. PASSMORE followed with a few photographic slides of the Swindon Quarries, which he explained, and a short talk on the places to be. visited next day, from the REV. E. H. GODDARD, with a word or two on the “Grey Wethers,” finished the evening. 188 The Fifty-fourth General Meeting. On both evenings one of the large rooms at the Town Hall was open which had been fitted up as a Museum, and contained the remarkable series of Saurian bones which MR. A. D. PASSMORE has collected from the Kimmeridge Clay beds of Swindon, some of them of unique occurrence in England, as well as his collection of bronze and flint implements, urns, and other local antiquities, including several fine 16th and 17th century swords, found in the county. Mr. Story Maskelyne kindly lent the Anglo-Saxon objects found with interments at Bassett Down (Wilts Arch. Mag., vol. xxviii., p. 104), Mr. Chandler sent a portrait of the Aldbourne centenarian, William Wild, and the Rev. R. ©. Prior exhibited a good rubbing of the remarkable incised figure in Aldbourne Church. There were also a few other exhibitors, but the great bulk of the collections—archzological and geological—were those of Mr. Passmore, to whom great credit is due for the excellent way in which they were here exhibited. They formed, indeed, a distinguishing feature of the Meeting, and no such collection of Saurian bones could be found anywhere else in the county. FRIDAY, JULY 5ru. The Members left the Market Place, Old Swindon, in brakes, at 9.15, and arriving at LYDIARD TREGOZE HOUSE at about 10.20 were most kindly received by LADY BOLINGBROKE and shown the large and interesting collection of portraits of the St. John family, with which the house is filled. After this the Members proceeded to the Church, which closely adjoins the house, and here as at all the Churches subsequently visited the REV. E. H. GODDARD gave the chief points of the full notes which MR. C. E. PONTING, F.S.A., had most kindly prepared for the Meeting, Mr. Ponting himself being unable to be present. In some ways this was the most interesting of the Churches visited this day, and was certainly the least known to the bulk of the Members, few of whom had seen it before. The remarkable series of 17th century tombs, the mural paintings discovered in 1901, when it was re- stored under Mr. Ponting’s direction, the interesting remains of Friday, July 5th. 189 old glass, the screen with the arms of James I., and the metal altar rails and curious folding picture and pedigree mark it out from all other Wiltshire Churches. LYDIARD MILLICENT CHURCH was the next point on the programme, and after a short stay here the carriages went on to PURTON, where the fine Church was duly inspected (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxiii, 229). On leaving the Church the Members were invited by Mrs. Walsh to walk round the gardens of the picturesque old MANOR HOUSE, almost adjoining the west end of the Church. Here the wealth of roses, just then at their best, were greatly admired, as well as the singularly picturesque grouping of the old house and the Church together. The party would willingly have spent more time here, but the Secretary’s whistle called them to the carriages again, and they drove off to lunch at the inn. This opportunity was taken ad- vantage of by the REV. E. P. KNUBLEY to thank, in the name of the Society, the Local Committee, and more especially the Local Secretaries, MESSRS. J. CREWE WOOD AND A. D. PASSMORE, as well as the Mayor, MR. F. 8. COLEMAN, and the High Sheriff, MR. F. P. GODDARD, for the very excellent way in which all the arrangements for the Meeting had been carried out, and for the generous hospitality which had been extended to the Members. Having done justice to an excellent lunch, the tenant most kindly allowed the party to go over the College Farm, an old Hyde residence, where two fine armorial oak mantelpieces were greatly admired. Leaving Purton at 2.15, CRICKLADE was reached at 2.50, the CHURCH OF ST. SAMPSON being first visited (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvii., 15). After its many most interesting features had been pointed out by Mr. Goddard, the CHURCH OF ST. MARY with its beautiful and perfect cross was visited (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvii, _ 22), and then the party, who had numbered during the day _ about thirty, adjourned to tea at the inn, most thoughtfully pro- vided for them by the kindness of the Mayor of Swindon. At this point rain began to fall somewhat heavily, but happily _ cleared up again and allowed the carriages time to get to RODBORNE CHENEY CHURCH, where only a very short halt was made, 190 The Fifty-fourth General Meeting. partly on account of the extremely threatening appearance of the sky and partly because several of the party were anxious to catch a train at Old Swindon. Just as the carriages resumed their journey the rain came down in torrents, and so continued until Swindon was reached, but happily everyone was so well provided with mackintoshes and umbrellas—as indeed who would not have been during the earlier part of July, 1907 ?—that no harm was done, and the meeting of 1907 came to an end without the rain having seriously interfered with the Excursions, which were most pleasantly carried out in spite of it. Everyone who was present appeared to enjoy the Meeting, and everybody agreed that the Mayor and the Local Committee had spared neither trouble nor expense in giving a really hearty welcome to the Society. 191 The Garliest Charters of the Abbey of Aacock. By Rev. W. G. Crarx-Maxwet.t, F.S.A. Tue earliest charters of the Abbey of Lacock fall into two well- marked groups, those providing for the first foundation of the house, and those which were intended to secure for it a permanent endowment. It seems not unreasonable to suppose that the Countess Ela of Salisbury had, at any rate since her husband’s death on March 7th, 1226, entertained the purpose of founding a convent, to which she intended to retire. But the execution of the project was deferred for over three years, partly from the necessity of providing another home for her husband’s foundation of Carthusians at Hatherop, which was moved to Hinton in 1228, partly too, we may guess, in order that her eldest son might be of age to confirm her dispositions. He must have been born about 1211, since he is mentioned as a jainor in 1231, and was presumably of full age in 1233, when he was knighted, and thus in 1229 would be eighteen or thereabouts. Tn this year, then, Ela executed her first charter, by which, having previously obtained the consent of the Rector, she gave the Manor of Lacock, with the advowson thereof, for the purpose of founding an abbey there, which she wished to be called the Place of Blessed Mary. This was confirmed by her son at the same time and place (since the witnesses are the same), received the King’s con- firmation at Westminster, on January 31st, 1230, and that of ‘the Bishop of Salisbury on the 20th of April following. These preliminaries having been satisfactorily arranged, preparations for building would doubtless be made, and a temporary shelter provided for the first inmates of the new house, of which one at least seems to have come from the sister-house of Goring. In 1232, according to the Book of Lacock, Ela founded the two Monasteries of Lacock 1 See note on ‘‘ Book of Lacock,” App. A. 192 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. and Hinton, on the same day, one in the morning, the other in the afternoon ; but this can hardly refer to the first beginning of building (since the same sentence records the veiling of Alicia de Garinges), but more probably to the ceremonial foundation stone laying. In the Annalistic portion of the same MS. the entry “hoc anno velantur prime moniales de Lakoc ” occurs opposite 1232: and against 1233, “Isto anno primitus fundatur cenobium de Lakoc,” which seems to show that the “fundatio” cannot mean the first inception of the work. The government of the house was com- mitted to a prioress, Wymarca, the office of abbess being kept open for the foundress, Ela. But before her project of retirement into religion could be carried out, provision had to be made for the ampler endowment of the house, which possessed at this period only the Manor of Lacock, with that half of the advowson which belonged to the Earls of Salisbury, and the Manor of Woodmancote, co. Gloucester, which had been given by Constance de Leigh before the actual building of the house." The earliest addition which the foundress made to her first endowment seems to have been the Manor of Hatherop, in Glou- cestershire, about ten miles distant from Woodmanecote, between the years 1231—4 The charter will be found in the New Car- tulary, 101a, and was duly confirmed by her son, who issued directions to his knights here and at Lacock, to render their ser- _ vices to the Prioress (fol 9a,ii.). Both these manors of Lacock and of Hatherop had, however, some hindrance to the full enjoyment of them by the nuns; for at Lacock the advowson of the manor was in reality only half the advowson of the Parish Church, while at Hatherop a considerable amount of land had been given by Ela 1 Appendix C. No. IV. The witnesses to her charter include the names of some who attested the Countess’ first charter—Sir John Dennis, Sir Henry Daubeny, etc. ? One of the witnesses to the donation is Richard Marshall, Ear] of Pem-— broke, who only held that dignity from 1231—1234: and as he was engaged in constant warfare, first with Llewelyn and later with the King, from the beginning of 1238 till his death, the charter should probably be dated 1231 or 1232. By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maawell, F.S.A. 193 herself, her husband, and her father, to the Canons of Bradenstoke, a house which had been founded by Walter of Salisbury, one of her ancestors. An entry in the Charter Rolls of 16 Henry III. ? giving the King’s confirmation to the gifts bestowed upon the Priory of Bradenstoke, mentions among these, “Of the gift of William Lungespee, sometime Earl of Sarum, all the land which Ralph de Parco hadin Ethrop . . . of the gift of Ela Countess of Salisbury, 100s. of land in Ethrop . . . of the gift of William Patricii, Earl of Salisbury, 100s. of lands in Etherop.” These may be the lands which, as will be seen, formed the subject of much negotiation in the year 1236. In this latter year the Countess Ela seems to have set before her the objects (1) of extinguishing by means of exchange these external rights in Lacock and Hatherop; and (2) of providing an ampler endowment for the house, by conferring upon it the Manor of Bishopstrow. As the price of the confirmation of these arrange- ments by her son, she undertook to give him immediate possession of the rest of the inheritance, to which he would otherwise only become entitled on her death or retirement into religion. Ac- cordingly an agreement was drawn up between them on Feb. 12th, 1236, whereby William Longespee agrees with his mother, that she may give the Manor of Bishopstrow to the house of Lacock, for the support of the nuns; and undertakes to make an exchange with the canons of Bradenstoke for the land they hold in Hatherop, and with Sir Ralph Bloet (the co-patron) for his share in the advowson of Lacock, the exchange to be made before the next midsummer; further, he undertook when he succeeded to the 7 Earldom of Salisbury, that he would confirm these gifts by his ' charter, and obtain the King’s confirmation before August 15th. i In return, his mother undertook to hand over, on All Saints Day, all the lands of which she was in possession. The agreement is _ dated at Lacock, where Ela was probably then living (N. Cart., 66a). i It would seem, however, that Sir Ralph Bloet declined to be bought H out, whereupon a fresh agreement was drawn up, on July 22nd of 1 Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. 1, 159. 194 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. the same year, substituting for Bloet’s share of the advowson, an annual rent charge of £10 on lands in Seperig and Heinton,!and adding the -advowson of “ Meidene Winterburne,” or Winterburn Shrewton (now called Shrewton, simply, whose Church is dedicated to St. Mary). The exchange with the Canons of Bradenstoke is spoken of as already carried out, although, as we shall see, it never took effect. William Longespee undertakes to obtain the royal confirmation to this revised arrangement, within a fortnight of Michaelmas. He was himself to confirm it, as soon as he should be seised of the lands which his mother promised to hand over to him, and on his being made Earl to confirm it with his great seal. Further, he was to confirm various charters which Ela had given to her tenants, among whom it is interesting to notice the name of W. Talbot, (qu. the hero of the romantic episode in Ela’s early life, recounted in the Book of Lacock, Bowles and Nichols, p. 88f), who held lands at Canford, in Dorsetshire. Further, the manor. of Chitterne was to be assigned for Ela’s support during the whole of her life, whether she entered religion or not, and the manor was to be freed of certain charges upon it. For this (as before) Ela, undertook to hand over all her possessions at All Saints Day, except the wardship of her (youngest) son Nicholas. Each party gave security for the due performance of the bargain, William, pledging the manors of Charlton and Hem- stridge, and Ela those of Canford and Trowbridge (Older Cart.,fol. 90). ' It is obvious that this agreement does not concern Lacock alone, for it mentions places and persons among those grants which were to be confirmed, which never were connected with the Abbey : 1 Shiperidge and Heinton are mentioned together again in a grant by William Longespee to the Abbey of Reading (original at Eaton Hall, see Archeological Journal, vol. xxii., p, 159, No. xxxi.) of forty shillings yearly rent in ‘‘ Hentone et Scheperige.”” The names of the witnesses, Sir Philip Bassett, Sir William Englefield, John Pipard, etc., point to the neighbour- hood of Wootton and Winterbourne Bassett, and Clyffe Pypard, where there is a Sharpridge in the parish of Broad Hinton, but the editor of the deed con- jectures Berkshire, and amongst the Feet of Fines of 5 Elizabeth mention is made (n. 200) of lands in Shepariche magna and Swallowfield ” (formerly a detached portion of Wilts near Reading). Perhaps someone with fuller local knowledge will clear up this point. By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, FSA. 195 and I think we may conclude that it was intended to serve in some sort as a testamentary disposition before Ela retired from the world: so far, however, as our immediate purpose is concerned, its provisions were embodied in a charter, of which the inspeximus and confirmation by the King, dated Aug. 3rd, 1236, js entered on the Charter Rolls (Charter Roll Cal. 1, 221), which recapitulates the Foundress’ gifts to the house up to the date of the grant. The manor of Lacock, with the advowson thereto belonging, the manor of Hatherop, the land which the Canons of Bradenstoke held there, for which an exchange was made to them, the manor of Bishopstrow, £10 yearly rent from Shiperige and Henton, and the advowson of the Church of Winterburn Shrewton are therein detailed, and the witnesses are those whose names, with hardly an exception, are appended to all the rest of the charters which bear on this tran- saction. After the confirmation of this charter, however, the moiety of the manor of Heddington fell into Ela’s hands consequent on the death of Matilda de Bohun, in pursuance of a fine between her and Humphrey de Bohun concerning the honour of Trowbridge.t It was therefore agreed that this moiety should be given to the house of Lacock in substitution for the exchange of lands in Hatherop, and the £10 rent-charge on Shiperige and Henton, and an agreement to this effect was drawn up between the Countess and her son, dated the Saturday after St. Luke (Oct. 18th), 1236, entered in the Older Cartulary, p. 100., and the Newer, p. 76a. (See Appendix C.) This entailed a modification of Ela’s previous charter, and a fresh _ instrument was issued superseding the old, which was accordingly eancelled in the Charter Roll, and a note to that effect appended. This is the charter entered on p. 7a of the Older Cartulary, p. 10 of the New, and of which the original is still extant in the Record Office, (Court of Wards, Deeds, etc., Box 94, E. 24). It confers on _ the house of Lacock the manor of Lacock, with its advowson; the manor of Hatherop ; that of Bishopstrow ; the moiety of the manor of Heddington, and the advowson of Winterburn Shrewton. This «1 See App. B. 196 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. in its course received the Royal confirmation Feb. 4th, 1237, and was entered on the Charter Rolls (Calendar 1, 225), and was also confirmed by William Longespee, with almost the same list of witnesses. The original confirmation is in the Record Office, Court of Wards, Béx 94, E. 59, and it is copied into both the Old (13a) and the New Cartulary (20). At some time, not now to be exactly fixed, he also executed a deed, whereby he promised, in view of his mother’s transference to him of her manors, not to exact any- thing contrary to the agreement made between them (Old Cart., lla, i.; New, 7a). It probably does not refer to the last agreement of all, since it is marked “ vacat’” in the margin, signifying that it had been voided by some later arrangement. The witnesses are the same as those of the cancelled charter and its successor. These negotiations having been thus satisfactorily concluded, there was nothing to prevent Ela from carrying out her project of retiring into religion, and accordingly we find that she took the habit of an Austin Canoness at Lacock on Christmas Day, 1238, as is recorded in the Book of Lacock. The post of Abbess had been kept vacant, in anticipation of her election to the office, which in due course came to pass; but it seems that the Book is wrong in placing the event on Aug. 15th, 1240, since there is extant at Salisbury (Sarum Charters, Rolls Series, p. 251/) a letter from the Prioress Wymarca, bearing on Ela’s election, and dated Aug. 15th, 1239. It states that the special arrangement whereby Ela, Abbess elect, is to receive the episcopal blessing in Sherston Church, is not to prejudice the rights of the Cathedral Church, in which subsequent Abbesses are to be blessed. The profession of canonical obedience made by Ela at this time and bearing her signature in the form of a cross, is preserved among the Chapter Records at Salisbury, and is illustrated in photographic fac-simile in Words- worth’s Cartulary of St. Nicholas’ Hospital, Salisbury. In 1240 William Longespee went to the Holy Land, having taken the cross as early as 1227. He returned in 1242, and in 1248, in view, we may gather, of his intended second expedition, from which he was destined never to return, he executed a charter, confirmed by the King, July 12th of the same year (Cal. Charter ere eee By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, F.S.A., 197 Rolls, I., 332), whereby he gave the nuns of Lacock the manor of Chittern, with certain reservations, including the knight's fees and the land of his sister Ela, Countess of Warwick. This latter land, which his sister surrendered to him together with the service of Robert de Holt, he gives to the nuns by a later charter, which, however, cannot be later than 1249, when he left England for the last time. On February 8th, 1250, he was slain at the assault of Mansoura, in Egypt, and as soon as the news of his death reached England the King issued letters, dated Sept. 27th, for the adminis- tration of his goods (Bowles and Nichols, p. 372). Thereupon the Abbess Ela and Convent of Lacock obtained a confirmation of her last charter from William Longespee III., son of the deceased erusader, which is preserved at the Record Office (Box 94, B. 11, New Cart., 3b). This is witnessed among others by William de Tenhyde, who is described as Sheriff of Wilts; and, as his shrievalty extended from 1249 to 1255 (John his son being his deputy from 1253) it seems clear that the date of this last con- firmation must fall between the end of 1250 and 1253. William Longespee III. died in 1256, in consequence of injuries received at a tournament at Blyth, in Nottinghamshire; and at the end of this year the Abbess Ela resigned her office, nominating Beatrice of Kent as her successor; in 1261 she died, being then about seventy years old. Of the exchanges which she had endeavoured to effect in 1236 one was accomplished in 1312, when the nuns acquired the Bloets’ portion of the advowson of Lacock, proceeding at once to obtain the impropriation of the rectory, as detailed in vol]. xxxiii. of the Magazine, p. 358 77; the other was never carried out, but the Canons of Bradenstoke retained their interest at Hatherop till the Dissolution, when it was bought by Sir William Sharington, to- gether with the Lacock estate, in the year 1548 (B. and N., p. 308). N.B.—It would appear that the foundress’ intention that Lacock Abbey should be named “ Locus Beate Marie” was never realised, since we never find it so styled at any time except in her first charter and in that of Constance de Leigh, which seems to have been executed at the same time. A like fate seems to have VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. O 198 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. attended the name “ Locus Dei,’ which was proposed for Hinton Charterhouse. APPENDIX A. THE Book or LAcOocK. In Bowles’ and Nichols’ “Annals and Antiquities of Lacock Abbey,” reference is made to a “ Liber de Lacock” which the writer identifies with the Cottonian MS. Tiberius B, XIII., containing the praises of Ela, the first Abbess, by Beatrice, described as ministra de Lacoc (perhaps Beatrice of Kent, the second Abbess), which was wholly destroyed in the disastrous fire of 1731. From extracts, however, which were taken before this date it appears that the “Liber de Lacok” is still extant, in the volume Vitellius A. VIII., which is still complete, though seriously damaged by the fire. We owe this observation to Mr. W. H. St. John Hope (see vol. xxxi. of this Magazine, p. 197). An examination of the volume shows that the Annales of the house occupied the first part of the book, having been (apparently) drawn up first about 1275, and ex- tending as far as the year 1330 or thereabouts. Then follows the narrative printed in the appendix to Bowles and Nichols, of which the Harleian MS. 5019, p. 231, 7., seems to be a complete and fairly accurate copy. The annals are afterwards resumed in a later hand and carried down though largely illegible, to 1448, as stated in the title, if not evenlater. The entries quoted (B. and N., p. 181) as ex- tracted by Dugdale from this MS., are from the annalistic portion ; the years, however, in the first two entries are placed ten years too early, and the months in the last two are those of Easter (or Good Friday) the date of which occupy the middle column of each page. notices of contemporary events being entered at thesides. It is satisfactory to know of the continued existence, even in a damaged condition, of a document which was supposed to have perished; but it must be admitted, that, neither in the annalistic nor the narrative portion,are the statements of the Book of Lacock to be implicitly relied By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maawell, FS.A. 199 on. A single specimen from each part must suffice :—the narrative gives the date of Ela’s birth as 1188, whereas, in a note on p. xlix,f. of Stapleton’s “ Observations on the Rolls of the Norman Exchequer,”1844, and in an article byJ.G. Nichols on “The Earldom of Salisbury,” in the Salisbury Volume (1848) of the Archeological Institute, it is shown that Eleanor de Vitré, Ela’s mother, was married, first, to Fulk Paynell, who was dead in 1185; secondly to Gilbert de Telliéres, who died in 1190; and thirdly, to the Earl of Salisbury, so that Ela, the daughter of this last marriage, could not have been born before 1191.1 This would, of course, demand the correction of all the notices of Ela’s age which are calculated from 1188. The other specimen of the inexact dates, this time in the annals, is the reference to the death of Sir John Bluet of Lackham, which immediately precedes an entry mentioning Isabella, the King’s daughter, and dated 1312, whereas we have docu- mentary evidence that he was alive in 1315, since he executed charters in that year (see Vol. xvi. of the Magazine, p. 350, and Vol. xxxiii., p. 358, /). APPENDIX B. The fine referred to? is that dated the Morrow of All Souls, 18 Henry III. (1229), and its provisions are generally as follows :—The manors of Wilsford, Manningford (Bohun), and Newton, and two-thirds of the manor of Coulston (excepting the advowson thereof, the several portions being set forth in detail), and the services of a number of tenants in the Honour, are assigned to Bohun. The remaining manors, except Heddington, namely, Trowbridge, Staverton, Bishopstrow, and the remaining one-third of Coulston, are to belong to Ela, and Heddington, which was then held in dower by Maud, widow of Henry de Bohun, was at her death to be divided, the eastern half to go to Bohun, the western to Ela. Several of the manors mentioned above formed part of the dowry of Matilda, daughter of Edward of Salisbury, and wife of Humphrey de Bohun, surnamed the Great. The following genealogical table shows the relationship between the parties to the fine :— 1 She married, fourthly, after the Earl's death, Gilbert Malesmains. 2 Wilts Feet of Fines, Box 250, File 8 (11). 0 2 200 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. Edward of Salisbury, Sheriff of Wilts in 1081 and 1086. Edward of Salisbury, the younger. Humphrey de Bohun, “cum barba.” | B &N.,, p. 3678. | | Walter of Salisbury,=Sibella de Matilda=Humphrey de Bohun the Great, founder of Braden- | Chaworth. founded Farley, 1125. stoke, 1142. | | Humphrey de Bohun=Margaret, daughter Patrick, created Earl=(1) Matilda. of “Miles, Earl of of Salisbury, slain | (2) Ela of Hereford. 1168. Ponthieu. | William, Earl of=Eleanor de Humphrey de Bohun=Margaret of Salisbury, died | Vitré. | Scotland. 1195. | Ela of Salisbury. Henry de Bohun=Maud d. of Geoffrey, died 1220. Earl of Essex, died ; Aug. 27th, 1235. Humphrey de Bohun. APPENDIX C. I. R.O. Cal. Ancient Deeds A. 9350. Lacock O. C. 7h. N.C. la. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Ela Comitissa Salesbyrie, pro deo et pro anima Comitis Will’i Lang’ mariti mei et omnium antecessorum suorum et meorum et pro salute mea et Will’i Long’ filii mei primogeniti et omnium aliorum liberorum meorum et heredum meorum. in viduitate et ligia potestate mea dedi et concessi et presenti carta mea confirmavi Deo et beate Marie et Sancto Bernardo totum manerium meum de Lacoc cum advocacione ecclesie ejusdem manerii et cum omnibus pertinenciis suis et cum libertatibus et liberis consuetudinibus in omnibus locis [et in omnibus rebus] sine aliquo retenemento ad faciend’ ibidem Abbatiam monialium quam volo nominare loc’ Beate Marie. Quare volo quod Abbatisse et moniales ibidem deo inperpetuum serviture habeant et teneant totum predictum Manerium cum predictis pertinenciis suis in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam solutum penitus et quietum ab omni seculari servicio pertinente ad dominum Regem et Ballivos suos et ad me et ad heredes meos et ab omnimodo servicio et exactione quocumque casu possit exigi de terra illa. Et ego Ela et heredes mei warantizabimus defendemus et ‘acquie- tabimus prefatis monialibus totum prefatum manerium cum advocacione ecclesie et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis ita liberum et quietum ut aliqua elemosima liberius et quiecius dari potest versus omnes homines et feminas inperpetuum. Hiis testibus. Huberto de Burgo comite Cancie. Just’ Anglie. Will's Mareschallo comite Penbroc. Will’o de Warann’ comite de sureie. Petro filio Herberti. Hugone de Nevil. Radulfo filio Nichole senescallo Domini Regis. Johanne Daco. Henrico de Albin’ et multis aliis. By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maawell, F.S.A. 201 Confirmed by W. Longespee with same witnesses. See Court of Wards, Box 94B, 187 (0. C. 8b, N. C. 2a.). II. Lacock. N. C. 48. Henricus Dei gratia Rex Anglie, &c. Archiepiscopis, Episcopis, Abbatibus, Prioribus, Comitibus, Baronibus, Justiciariis, Vicecomitibus, Prepositis, Ministris, et omnibus Ballivis et Fidelibus suis, salutem. Inspeximus Cartam Ele Comitisse Sarum in hee verba. Sciant [etc., as above]. Nos igitur hance donationem et concessionem ratam et gratam habentes, eam pro nobis et heredibus nostris concedimus et sigillo nostro confirmavimus. Hiis Testibus: predicto Hugone de Burgo comite Cancie Justiciario Anglie, Stephano de Segrave, Philippo de Albeneto, Radulfo filio Nicholai, Johanne filio Philippi, Ricardo filio Hugonis, Radulfo de Raleg’, Henrico de Capella, et aliis. Dat. per manum venerabilis patris R. Cicestrensis Episcopi cancellarii nostri apud Westm. xxxi die Januarii, anno Regni xiiii® (31st Jan., 1230.) See also Cal. Charter Rolls, I., p. 112. III. Lacock N.C., 58. Universis sancte Matris Ecclesie filiis ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, Robertus miseratione divina Sarisburiensis Ecclesie minister humilis, salutem eternam in Domino. Cartam dilecte in Christo filie nobilis Ele Comitisse Sarum inspeximus in hec verba. Sciant, etc. (asin Ela’s charter, followed by the Royal confirmation in fol. 46.). Quamobrem, ex commissa nobis cura pastoralis officii, eorum vota divinitus inspirata, quorum per cotidianam instantiam solicitudinem gerimus, tenemur ex justitie debito et ex gratie beneficio paterna diligentia promovere, quod dicta nobilis in hac parte tam salubri consilio providit, affectione sincera prosequendum duximus et favore, nolentes quod tam pii tam sancti propositi consummatio retardetur, per quod et cultus. Dei crescere et ecclesie decor per Spiritus Sancti gratiam magnifice poterit dilatari. Habito igitur cum dilectis filiis Capituli super hiis cum debita deliberatione tractatu, inspecto etiam cyrographo ‘inter Comitissam predictam et Johannem ecclesie de Lacok Rectorem de in- dempnitate Ecclesie memorate confecto, pulsati insuper devotis supplica- tionibus W. Longespeye ejusdem Comitisse filii et heredis, de voluntate gratissima et assensu unanimi dilectorum in Christo filiorum ac fratrum nostrorum domini W. Decani et Capituli Sarum ob honorem et reverentiam Dei et gloriose genetricis sue semperque virginis Marie et ad cultum ampli- andum divinum : auctoritate pontificali concedimus quod predicta Ela Comi- tissa abbathiam fundet et construat in manerio supradicto de Lacok, ac moniales de ordine Sancti Augustini ibidem constituat; statuentes ut que- cumque fuerint ibi pro tempore constitute ejusdem Sancti regulam similiter et ordinem exerceant et in perpetuum imitentur, et Ecclesie Sarum et nobis nostrisque successoribus per omnia et in omnibus canonice perpetuis tem- poribus sint subjecte; Salva etiam indempnitate per omnia dicte Matris -ecclesie sicut in memorato cyrographo continetur quod quidem in suo robore in perpetuum statuimus duraturum. Quod ut robur optineat perpetue 202 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. firmitatis presens scriptum sigillo nostro et sigillo capituli nostri fecimus communiri. Dat. apud Remmesberiam per manum W. de Purl clerici nostri, xii kal. Maii [20 Apr., 1230] pontificatus nostri anno primo. Hiis Testibus; Domino W. Decano, R. Precentore, R. Cancellario, et E. Thesau- rario Sarum, Magistris W. Archidacono Berkesire, H. Teysson, R. de Croshal, Thoma de Ebelesborn, et W. de Len, Giliberto de Stapelbrig’, et P. Picot can’ Sarum, magistris Thoma de Warwyk et Johanne de Bermingham clericis nostris, Waltero et Ricardo capellanis nostris, et multis aliis. IV. R.O. Cal. Ancient Deeds A. 8911 (N. C. 1074). Grant by Constance de Lega, widow, for the souls of her father William de Lega, and of Mabel de la Mare, &c., of the manor of Wudesmonescote for making in the town of Lacok an abbey of nuns, to be called the place of St. Mary; willing that the abbesses and nuns there for ever should hold the said manor in pure alms, discharged of all secular service belonging to the King and his bailiffs and to her and her heirs, &e. Witnesses, Sir Walter de Pavely, Knight, and others (named). V. Lacock. N. C. 10la. O. C. Ta. Sciant tam presentes quam futuri quod Ego Ela comitissa Sarum in ligia viduitate et potestate dedi concessi et presenti carta confirmavi deo et ecclesie beate Marie et sanctimonialibus ibidem deo servientibus totum manerium meum de haderop cum omnibus pertinentiis suis sine aliquo retinemento in liberam puram et perpetuum elemosinam habendam sibi et successoribus suis liberte et quiete ab omni servicio et seculari exactione Et ego et heredes mei acquietabimus [etc.]. dictum manerium [ete.] Hiis testibus Domino Ricardo Marescallo comite Pembroc, Willelmo de ferrer’s, Gilberto Basset, Waltero de paueilli, Johanne Daco, Willelmo Talebot, Hugone de dol, Perrino de sacey, Jacobo de menes, Nicholao de Hedigtona clerico et multis aliis. Confirmed by William Longespee at same time and place. N. C. 101a ii. O. C. 10a i. VI. Lacock. N. C. 9a ii. O. C. 10aiii. Omnibus militibus et libere tenentibus ad manerium de Lacok et mane- rium de Hatherop pertinentibus, Willelmus Longespee salutem in domino. Sciatis quod concessi et confirmavi manerium de Lacok et manerium de Hatherop cum omnibus pertinenciis suis in puram et perpetuam elemosinam ecclesie beate marie et sancti Bernardi de Lacok et monialibus ibidem deo servituris absque ullo retinemento ad me vel heredes meos pertinente. Quare volo quod priorisse et conventui eiusdem Doci et successoribus suis ibidem servituris facietis plenaria servicia in homagiis, releviis, et aliis serviciis ad predicta maneria pertinentibus sicut unquam predecessoribus meis fecistis uberius. In cuius rei testimonium presentibus literis patentibus sigillum meum apposui. By Rev. W. G. Clark-Mazwell, F.S.A. 203 VII. R.O. Cal. Ancient Deeds A. 8877. N. C. 66a. O. C. 28a. Nouerint omnes ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit quod ita convenit inter dominam Elam Comitissam Sarr’ et dominum Willelmum Lungespe filium eius primogenitum apud Lacok anno Regni Regis Henrici filii Regis Johannis vicesimo duodecimo die februarii. videlicet quod dictus Willelmus concessit dicte Ele matri sue ut ipsa conferat totum manerium de Bysopestre cum Redditibus serviciis homagiis et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis domui de Lacok ad sustentacionem mulierum religiosarum ibidem deo serviencium Habendum et tenendum sibi et successoribus suis in liberam puram et per- petuam elemosinam. Concessit eciam idem Willielmus et fidelitur promisit quod excambiabit priori et canonicis de Bradenestok totam terram cum per- tinenciis quam habuerunt in manerio de Hadrop. Concessit ecciam et fideliter promisit idem Willelmus quod excambiabit domino Radulfo Bloet aduocacionem quam habuit in Ecclesia parochiali de Lakoc. Ita scilicet quod dicta Ela possit tam dictam terram de Hadrop quam dictam ad- uocacionem libere conferre in puram liberam et perpetuam elemosinam dicte domui mulierum religiosarum de Lakoc. Concessit itaque predicta Hla comitissa Sarr’ quod dictum excambium tam dicte terre de Hadrop quam dicte aduocacionis de terris suis Redditibus jure hereditario sibi prouenien- tibus fiat. Dictus vero Willelmus concesit et fideliter promisit quod dictum excambium terre et aduocacionis infra festum Natiuitatis sancti Johannis Babtiste proximum post confeccionem huius scripti fiet. Concessit uero dicta Ela comitissa Sarr’ et fideliter promisit quod pro hac conuentione et concessione omnes terras redditus et jura hereditaria que die confeccionis huius scripti habebat, dicto Willelmo filio suo primogenito et heredi in festo omnium sanctorum proximo post confeccionem huius scripti sine aliquo alio retinemento libere quiete et absolute reddet Concessit ecciam dictus Willelmus Lungespe et fideliter promisit quod statim cum comes effectus fuerit Sarr’ carta sua confirmabit dicte domui mulierum religiosarum de Lakoc dictum manerium de Bysopestre cum dicta terra de Hadrop et cum dicta: aduocacione dicte ecclesie de Lakoc et cum omnibus aliis terris redditibus possessionibus et serviciis dicte domui de Lakoc ante confeccionem -huius scripti a dicta Ela comitissa Sarr’ collatis, in liberam puram et per- petuam elemosinam. Et super predictis infra assumcionem beate Marie virginis proximam post confeccionem huius scripti confirmacionem domini Regis eidem domui fideliter impetrabit. Hanc igitur conuencionem firmiter tenendam et fideliter adhimplendam tam ipsa domina Ela comitissa Sarr’ quam dictus Willelmus Longespe tactis sacrosanctis Ewangeliis jurauerunt et ad maiorem securitatem uterque alteri parti huius scripti in modum Cyrographi confecti sigilla sua mutuatim apposuerunt. . (Seal gone.) VIII. Lacock. N. C. 668. Willelmus Longespe Dilectis et precordialibus amicis suis militibus et libere tenentibus de manerio de Bissopestre et Hatherop salutem. Rogamus vos affectuose quatenus domine priorisse de Lacok sitis intendentes et eidem servicia vestra ut in homagiis serviciis et aliis omnibus consuetu- dinibus tanquam domine vestre amodo facere velitis. In cuius rei testi- monium vobis has literas mittimus sigillo nostro roboratas.valete in domine. 204 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. IX. Lacock. N. C. 67ai. O. C. aii. Willelmus Longespe Dilectis sibi omnibus militibus per servicium militare tenentibus in Lacok et Bissopestr’ salutem. Concessi domine Ele matri mee Comitisse Sarr’ donum quod fecit domui et sanctimonialibus de Lacok et secundum tenorem carte dicte Ele matris mee dicta domui et sancti- monialibus dictum donum ratum habens confirmavi in presentibus litteris vobis significo quatenus servicia et homagia que dicte domine Ele matri mee fecistis et facere debuistis priorisse et sanctimonialibus de Lacok faciatis In huius rei testimonium litteras meas vobis mitto patentes. valete. X. Lacock. O. C. 9a. Nouerint universi hoc scriptum inspecturi quod Ita convenit inter Elam Comitissam Sar’ et Will’um Longespeie filium suum primogenitum anno regni regis Henrici fil’ regis Johannis XX° Die s’ce Marie Magdalene [July 22nd, 1236] apud Lacok, videlicet quod dictus Will’s concessit dicte Ele matri sue ut ipsa conferat totum manerium de Bisopestre cum redditibus serviciis homagiis et omnibus aliis pertinenciis suis, domui de Lacok ad sustentacionem sanctimonialium ibidem existencium et successoribus earum et totam terram quam prior de Bradenstok habuit in villa de Hatherop et decem libratas sterlingorum in villa de Seperig et de Heinton die se’i Martini at si contingat quod redditus dictarum villarum ad decem libras non sufficiat, dictus Will's tenetur dicte domui de Lacok plenarie una cum redditu illo dictas decem libras alibi ad predictum terminum restituere, Concessit etiam dictus Will’s dicte domui de Lacok aduocacionem ecclesie de Meidene Winterburne dicte Ele conferre Habenda et tenenda [etc ] in puram et perpetuam elemosinam. Et sciendum quod de omnibus predictis dictus Will’s confirmacionem domini regis in presenti scripta prenotatis infra quindenam sci Michaelis post huius scripti habere confractionem faciet. Et cum. idem Will's de terris quas mater sua eidem dimittet seisitus fuerit omuia predicta sepedicte domui de Lacok sigillo suo confirmabit. etcum idem comes effectus fuerit maiori sigillo suo non obstante priori confirmacione, omnia predicta sepedicte domuiconfirmabit. Confirmabit eciam dictus Will’s dona Ele matris sua scilicet Heinton et W. Talebot terram de Kaneford ad vitam suam, et Radulfo Longo.terram de Cuuelestone hereditarie, et Philippo de Alta ripa terram de Scriveham hereditarie et Petro de Salceto terram de Kaneford hereditarie, et Ricardo del hek, terram suam hereditarie et Johanni de Dideham terram suam hereditarie, et Hugoni de dol terram suam ad vitam suam, et Eudoni Guion terram suam ad vitam suam et uxoris sue, et Ricardo Ricewin unum cotcetle terre ad vitam suam, et molendinario de Stauertona terram suam ad vitam suam et uxoris, et preposito de treubrig terram suam ad vitam et uxoris, et quoddam messuagium ecclesie s’ci Jacobi de Treubrig. Istis omnibus confirmabit dictus Will's secundum tenorem cartarum quas habent de dono domine Ele matris sue. Preterea concessit dictus Will’s dicte Ele matri sue totum manerium de cettre cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, exceptis feodis militum ad idem manerium per- tinentibus ad sustentacionem suam quandiu ipsa vixerit, utrum religionem subierit necne Acquietabit eciam d’cs Will’s dictum manerium de duobus ponderibus casei de elemosina predecessorum suorum et de duobus caseis Oy SS ee AR ,- By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, P.S.A. 205 versus dominum Will’m le bastard et de quatuor quarteriis frumenti de predicta elemosina, post decessum vero matris sue, totum manerium de cettre cum pertenenciis ad dictum Will’m vel heredes suos integre re- vertetur. Et pro hac convencione et concessione concessit et firmiter promisit quod reddet dicto Will’o omnes alias terras suas ab hiis exceptas et omnia iura sua hereditaria et ea (que) sibi iure hereditario accidere possint ad festum omnium s’corum proximum post huius scripti con- feccionem salvo sibi custodia de Nich’ filio suo, quam eidem dedit per consensum Will’i Longespee filii sui, et si terram de tutdingdune perquirere poterit, licebit eidem et ubicumque voluerit terram illam preterquam domui religionis dare et etiam dictus Will’s confirmabit, Dicta vero Ela retinet sibi de omnibus terris suis omnia proficua, ut de eschaetis, releviis et omnibus aliis usque ad festum predictum omnium sccorum. Et si dictus Nicholaus in custodia matris sua sine herede se obierit, tota terra sua, quam eidem domina Ela mater sua contulit ad dictum Willelmum vel ad heredes suos integre revertetur. Et Sciendum quod homines priorisse de Lacok et de Hatherop non tenentur facere sub- moniciones militibus de submonicione de Lacok et de Hatherop, nec licebit dicto Willelmo vel heredibus suis ad dictam submonicionem faciendam de cetero aliquo modo dictos homines distringere. Warrantizabit eciam dictus Willelmus dicte Ele totum manerium de Cettre quamdiu ipsa vixerit contra omnes gentes qui eam in aliquo modo vexare possint. Et si preterea de Seperige et de Hentona per aliquem aliquod placitum contra dictum Elam emerserit dictus Willelmus eandem penitus aquietabit. Ad hance conven- cionem firmiter et sine dolo tenendam, utraque pars in manu magistri Thome de Eblesburn’ affidavit, et ad maiorem securitatem obligavit dictus Willelmus versus dictam Elam si in aliquo predictorum contra hane con- vencionem venire voluerit, conferat manerium de Cerletona et de Hengstrug’ cum omnibus pertinenciis suis in perpetuum, sine aliqua contradiccione dicti Willelmi vel heredum suorum. Hodem modo obligavit se dicta Ela ‘versus dictum Willelmum quod si dictam convencionem tenere noluerit, totum manerium de Caneford et de Treubrige dicto Willelmo vel suis assignatis absque alicujus contradiccione et Calumpnia integre remaneant in perpetuum. Renunciant eciam dicta Ela et dictus Willelmus omnimodis convencionibus, sacramentis, et contractis ante diem s’ce Marie Magdalene contractis inter eos Et huic scripto in modum cyrographi confecto utraque pars sigilla sua alternatim apposuerunt. Hiis testibus. XI. Charter Roll Cal. I. p.112 (20 Henry III., membrane 8). Aug. 8rd, 1236, Woodstock. Inspeximus and confirmation of a charter of Ela, Countess of Salisbury, giving, for the good of the souls of earl William Lungespe, her husband, and William Lungespee, her eldest son, and of all her children, to St. Mary and of St. Bernard, and the nuns at Lacok the manor of Lacok, with the advowson of the Church there, the manor of Hatherop, the land which the canons of Bindonstoke(/. Bradenstoke) held there, for which an exchange was made to them, the manor of Bissopestre, with 10/, receivable yearly from the manors 206 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. of Shiperige and Henton and the advowson of the Church of Wynterburn Shyreveton. Witnesses, Sir Walter de Godarvill, Sir Thomas de Ebelesburn, Sir Nicholas Malmeis, Sir Adam, Rector of the Church of Gatesden, Sir Richard Longespee, Sir John de Maul, Master Roger de Stoke, Roger de Baskervill, Peter de Salceto, Sir Peter, parson of Troubridg, Philip de Depeford, clerk, Thomas Makerel, clerk, and Robert de Holte, clerk. Vacated because otherwise in the Charter Roll of the 21st year. XII. Lacock N. C. Ta O. C. 11a (i). Sciant presentes etc. quod ego Willelmus Longespeie firmiter promisi fide interposita quod racione illius carte quam fecit mihi mater mea EK. Comitissa de tradicione et concessione maneriorum suorum et terrarum cum pertinenciis nichil exigam quod sit contra cyrographum inter ipsum et me confectum coram viris prudentibus. Hiis testibus d’no Waltero de Godarvile Nichol’ malemins Ric’ Longespeye Rog’o de Baskerville Joh’e de Moul mag’ro Thoma de Ebelesburn’ Mag’ro Ada rectore eccl’ie de Gatesdene Petro persona eccl’ie de Treubrig’ Rog’o de Stok Petro de Salceto et aliis. Probably of even date with Ela’s 2nd charter (N.C. 1d) as the witnesses are the same. XIII. Lacock. O. C.10b. N.C. 76a. Nouerint universi quod ita convenit inter Elam comitisam Sarr’ et Willelmum Longespeie filium suum primogenitum, die sabbati proximo post festum s'ci Luce evangeliste anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis XX™. [Oct. 19th, 1236] scilicet quod predictus Willelmus concessit dicte Ele matri sue ut ipsa conferat domui de Lakoc medietatem manerii de Hedigtona que ei accidit per decessum Matilldis de Boun, ad sustentacionem mulierum religiosarum apud Lacok existencium et successoribus earum et ipsa relaxavit predicto Willelmo excambium terre prioris et canonicorum de Bradenstok in Hatherop dicto Priori et canonicis faciendum et decem libratas redditus esterlingorum de villa de Seperig et de Heinton die S’ci Martin annuatim percipiendas, non obstante priore convencione super eisdem articlis facta die S’ce Marie Magdalene anno eodem. Ad huius autem rei securitatem utraque pars huic scripto in modum cyrographi confecto sigilla sua apponi fecerunt. Hiis testibus: D’no pagano de la mare, magistro Thoma de Ebelesburn’, Magistro Ada rectore ecclesia de Gatesdene, Petro de Saucey, Philippo de depeford et aliis. XIV. R.O. Court of Wards Deeds, etc., Box 94 EK. 24. (N. C. fol. 1, d. O. C. Ta.). , Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Ela Comitissa Sarum, pro Deo et pro anima Comitis Willelmi Longespeie mariti mei et omnium antecessorum suorum et meorum, et pro salute mea et Willelmi Longespeie filii mei primo- geniti et omnium aliorum liberorum meorum et heredum meorum, in viduitate et ligia potestate mea, dedi et concessi et presenti carta mea confirmavi Deo et beate Marie et sancto Bernardo et sanctimonialibus By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, F.S.A. 207 apud Lacock Deo servientibus manerium meum de Lacock cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, et manerium de Hatherop cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, et manerium de Bissopestre cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, et medie- tatem manerii de Hedington cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, que me con- tingit per finalem concordiam inter Humfridum de Boun et me in curia Domini Regis factam de honore de Troubrigge; et advocacionem ec- clesie de Winterbourn Syreveton; cum omnibus libertatibus et liberis consuetudinibus in omnibus locis et in omnibus rebus sine aliquo retine- mento. Quare volo quod moniales apud Lacok Deo imperpetuum serviture habeant et teneant tota predicta maneria in liberam, puram, et perpetuam elemosinam, soluta penitus et quieta ab onini seculari servicio pertinente ad dominum Regem et Ballivos suos, et ad me et ad heredes meos, et ab omni modo servicii et exactionis quocunque casu possit exigi de dictis terris. Et ego Ela et heredes mei warrantizabimus, defendemus, et acquie- tabimus prefatis moniablibus tota prefata Maneria cum dictis advocationibus Ecclesiarum, de Winterhourn Sireueton scilicet et Lacok, et cum omnibus aliis pertinentiis suis, ita libera et quieta sicut aliqua elemosina liberius dari potest, contra omnes homines et feminas imperpetuum. Hiis Testibus: Domino Waltero de Godarvile, Thoma de Ebelesbourn, Nichol’ao Male- mains, Ada rectore ecclie de Gatesden, Ricardo Longespeye, Johanne de Moul, magistro Rogero de Stokes, domino Rogero de Baskerville, Petro de Salceto, domino Petro persona de Treubrigge, Philippo de Depeford clerico, Thoma Makerel clerico, Roberto de Holte clerico, et aliis. [Insperimus 21 Hen. III. Feb. 4th, 1237. Kempton. Cal. Charter Rolls, 1, p. 225. (O. C. 126.)] XY. R. O. Court of Wards, Deeds, etc, Box 94 EH. 59 (O. ©. 18a; N. C. 20.). Omnibus Christi fidelibus [ete.] Willelmus Lungespee salutem in domino. Noueritis ine inspexisse cartam domine Ele comitisse Sar’ matris mee in hec verba Sciant [etc., as in HE. 24]. Has igitur donaciones concessiones et presentis carte confirmacionem ratas et gratas habens pro me et heredi- bus meis concedo et confirmo sicut carta predicta racionabiliter testatur. Hiis testibus; dominis Stephano Lungespe, Nicholao malemeins, Johanne daco, Henrico de Albanico, Henrico de mara, Johanne de moul militibus, Juliano capellano, Petro de Saucey, Philippo de depeford, Rogero de Lond’, Thoma makerel, Roberto de Holta clericis et aliis. (Seal gone.) F XVI. R. O. Court of Wards, Deeds, etc. Box 94, B. 11 (N. C. 38.). Omnibus [etc.] Willelmus Lungespeye salutem. Noueritis me inspexisse cartam domine Ele comitisse Sarum auie mee in hec verba. Sciant etc., asin K. 24). Hane igitur donacionem [etc.] ratam habens et gratam sigilli mei munimine confirmo [etc.| His testibus, dominis Ricardo de Lungespeye, Waltero de pauyll, Alexandro de Monteforti, Radulfo de Angyens, Willelmo de Tunhide tune vicecomite Wiltescirie, Nicholao de _ Hedingtone, Valentino clerico. Ric. de Wiggebere, Roberto de holte clerico et multiis aliis. (No Seal) Endorsed :—Lacok. 208 The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock. Mem.—In the list of sheriffs published by the Record Office ‘‘ William de Tenhyde” is given as sheriff from 1249 to 1255, John his son being his deputy from 1253. ' XVII. Lacock. O. C. 220. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Willelmus Longespee concessi quod domina Ela comitissa Sar’ mater mea habeat et teneat manerium de Cettra cum omnibus pertinenciis suis exceptis feodis militum quam diu vixerit seu religionem subierit necne ad sustentacionem victus sui. hiis testibus Waltero de Godarvile. Nicholao malemeins. Johanne de moul. Rogero de Bacrevile. Magistro Thoma de Ebbelesburn’. Petro persona de Troubrege. Petro de Saucey. Thoma Makerel. Valentino. Philippo de depeford clericis. et multis aliis. , XVIII. Lacock. O. C. 20a. N. C. 43a. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Willelmus Lungespe pro deo et salute anime mee et animis antecessorum et successorum dedi et concessi et presenti carta confirmaui deo et ecclesie beate marie et sancti bernardi de Lacok et Ele eiusdem loci abbatisse et monialibus ibidem deo servientibus totam terram de Cettre cum omnibus ubique pertinenciis suis sine aliquo retinemento, exceptis feodis militum cum eorum serviciis et una virgata terre quam Walterus de Welhope tenuit et una dimidia acra prati versus austrum que se extendit ad capud prati vicarii ecclesie beate marie de Cettra et tota terra Ele comitisse de Warwyk. habendum et tenendum dicte Abbatisse et dictis monialibus totam predictam terram cum omnibus ubique pertinenciis in liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam libere quiete bene in pace et integre cum omnibus libertatibus et liberis consuetudinibus ad dictam terram aliquo modo pertinentibus in boscis planis pratis et pasturis viis semitis et omnibus aliis locis de me et heredibus meis in perpetuum. Quare volo et firmiter pro me et heredibus meis concedo quod predicte Ela et eiusdem successores et moniales loci predicti habeant et teneant totam predictam terram cum omnibus ubique pertinenciis suis sine aliquo retenimento ut predictum est, in puram et perpetuam elemosinam sicut aliqua elemosina melius et liberius possit conferri. Et ego Willelmus Longespe et heredes mei totum predictam terram [etc.] warrantizabimus. Et ut hee mea donacio [etc.] firma sit presentem cartam sigilli nostriimpressione corroboraui hiis testibus dominis Stephano Longespee, Euerardo Teutonico tune senes- callo. Alexandro de Chiuerel Willelmo le bastard Henrico de Hull, militibus Radulfo de Angens. philippode Depeford. Johanne de Depeford. Johanne de Langeford. Roberto de Holte Johanne le fauconer. Johanne le parker Waltero Coleman et aliis. [Royal confirmation, dated Westminster, 12th July, 32 Hen. III., on O. C., p. 2la. N. C. 485.) XIX. Lacock. O. C. 25a. N.C. 44bi. Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit) Ela comitissa de Warewyk salutem in domino. Noverit universitas vestra me in viduitate mea et ligia potestate omnino reddidisse et quietum clamasse By Rev. W. G. Clark-Maswell, F.S.A. 209 domino Willelmo Longespe fratri meo totam terram cum omnibus ubique pertinenciis suis quam habui in villa de Cettra ut ius suum et hereditatem suam. sine omni retinemento ad me et ad heredes meos aliquo modo per- tinente. Ita scilicet quod ego Ela et heredes mei in predicta terra nichil juris vendicare poterimus et ne ista quiet’ clamancia processu temporis aliquo modo possit infirmari presens scriptum sigilli mei munimine corrobo- ravi. Hiis testibus dominis Alexandro de monteforti Alexandro de Cheverel. Radulfo de Angens. Henrico de hertham militibus. Willelmo de Tenhid, Johanne Oweyn, Michaele de Tenhid, Roberto de Holta clerico Johanne percario. Johanne filio Rogeri de Cettra. Rogero Dalewey Waltero Coleman et aliis. XX. R.O., Ct. of Wards, Deeds, etc., Box 94, B. 146. (N.C., 44b., O. C. 230.) Sciant, [&c.] quod ego Willelmus Lungespe pro deo et salute anime mee et antecessorum meorum dedi [etc.] Ele abbatisse de Lacok et eiusdem loci conventui totam terram cum pertinentiis quam Ela Comitissa de Warewik soror mea tenuit in maritagio in villa de Cettra. quam predicta Ela in viduitate et ligia potestate sua mihi quietam clamavit. et homagium et servicium Roberte de Holta clerici de tenemento quod de me tenuit in eadem villa. Tenenda et habenda Ele abbatisse et succes- soribus suis et conventui cum serviciis, sectis, wardis [etc.]. In liberam puram et perpetuam elemosinam. soluta ab omniseculari servicio. Et ego et heredes mei. . . . warrantizabimus contra omnes homines et feminas in perpetuum. Hiis testibus. Domino Willelmo Sar’ Episcopo, dominis Ricardo Lungespe. Godfrido de escudemor. Rogero de Sifrewast. Radulfo de angens. Alexandro de Chiverel. Henrico de hertham. Ricardo de derneford militibus. Willelmo de tenhide. Johanne owein. Johanne pereario. Roberte de Holta clerico. Johanne filio Rogeri de Cettra. Johanne le faukener Waltero coleman et aliis. XXI. Lacock. N.C. 45a. O. C. 268.. Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apud Wilton in octabis Sancte Trinitatis anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis tricesimo tercio [Trin., 1249] coram Henrico de Bathonia. Alano de Wasand Willelmo de Wilton. Reginaldo de Coleham et Willelmo le Breton justiciariis itinerantibus et aliis domini regis fidelibus . . . Inter Elam _ abbatissam de Lacok querentem per Nicholam de Hedynton positum loco suo . . . et Willelmum Longespe impedientem de quinque carucatis terre cum pertinenciis in Cettra unde placitum waranti carte summonitum fuit inter eos in eadem curia scilicet quod predictus Willelmus recognovit predictam terram cum pertinenciis esse ius ipsius Abbatisse et ecclesie de Lacok, ut illam quam eadem Abbatissa et ecclesia sua predicta habent de dono predicti Willelmi, Habenda et tenenda . . . in puram et perpetuam elemosinam. . . . quieta ab omni seculari servicio et predictus Willelmus _ et heredes sui warrantizabunt eidem abbatisse . . . predictam terram in perpetuum. Et eadem abbatissa recepit predictum Willelmum _ et heredes’suos in singulis beneficiis et oracionibus que de cetero fient in ecclesia sua predicta in perpetuum. 210 Che Chuvehwardens’ Accounts of Belere.’ Transcribed by THomas H. Baker. (Continued from p. 92.) Meere A° Dni The first Accompt of John Coward and 1589. Henry Wallis Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the mundaie next after Easter viz: the last daie of March in the xxxjth yeare of the raigne of o' Sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth ete The Church stock Inprms they be charged w'" xxj'i, ijs. j*. of the stock of the Church at the last Accompt made by Willm Chafin gent and Richard xa tis... 1%. Hill the last Churchwardens as pticulerlie appeareth in the foote of their accompt The holie Loafe : Item received of Robt. Goodden for the rent of the holie loafe receyved this yeare over ew ae iij4, w" the Bedman yearelie hath accustomablie sa aa receyved to his own use on Easter Daie The church ale / Item receyved of the pfitts and increse of the) 5.5; s+ Church ale for the first yeare viz Anno Dni 1588) *" ° pig Seates Item receyved by them for seates in the Church | this yeare by them sold as appeareth pticulerly iij’. by a bill thereof made ffuneralls Nothing /. Guifts and Item given to the Church by the servant iiiia Legacies / of Anne Banister J: Sm? to" of all the ny Pea ote : xxxvj', xvjé. ijt. receipts & erent eat oe whereof They are to be allowed for money paied by them for the Clarkes wages for one whole ee yeare ended at the ffeast of Thannunciation ten of our Ladie last past Item allowed for bread and wyne for vij Com- munions and for bread and wyne for Easter xxvj®. x’. And for the repacon’ of the Bells and other charges don about the Church as ap- peareth pticulerlie by other bills shewed at vijt. x8. iij4. this accompt xiij. x*. viij4. and for guifts gyven to petors and other poore people as appeareth likewise by a bill thereof made xviij. ix’. All w™ bills are heareunto filed and anexed in all Sm* to* of their allowances Soe they owe xxj!'. xj4. which | xvi xv‘. iij4, And 1 «The Society is indebted to Mrs. Borradaile and Mr. B. W. G. Borradaile for a donation of £1 1s. each, and to Mr. J. Walton for one of £2 2s. towards the expense of printing these accounts.” ' The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. money to the Church and Clarks wages uncollected 211 Dependeth uppon sundrie of the pishioners for the | Pas. vii, ij’. as appeth in the last yeares accompt uppon the Churchwardens themselues xvji viij4. At this daie Thomas Chafin gen. Thomas Alford senio' and Willm fforward are elected Wardens for the repacon of the high waies for this yeare following Henry Wallis Tahir Cowar 4 Churehwardens money for seates. Inprimis of Robte Bishopp Item of Willm fford for the seate w*" was mother Moncks Item of George Sheppard for the seate where the Pulpitt stoode Item of Willm Hewitt for the seate w* was mother Williams Item of John Bussie for the seate wc" was Sit Walter Sheppards wyves Item of John Bishopp for his mothers seate Item Agnes Ganfford servant to Mother Banister gave to the Church Item receiued for the holie loafe Sm’ is xv°. iiij?. Wyne for the Comunon’ Inp’ms one quart for the first comunion’ Item one quart for the second Comunion Item one quart for the third comunion’ Item one quart for the ffowerth comunion’ Ttem for a pottle of wyne for the Comunion’ on Coronacon’ Daie Item one quart of wine for the Comunion’ on Xpimas Daie xij*. Item one quart of wyne for the comunion’ on Item for a rope for the fourth bell Candlemas Daie xij’. Item xv quarts of wine from Salisbury for the ees Comunion against Easter } a ware Item for wine bought at Shaftsbury and EH! 4h 2 Gillingham for the Comunion against Eastor} beset | Item bread for all the Comunions vij! Sm’ is xxvj§. x2. ___ Charges in repacons The accompt Inp’ms to John Allen for a strap of iron xt, of Henry Wallis | Item paied for making the ryngers - & John Coward drink on the Coronacon Daie } aah Churchwardens ) Item for oyle for the bells xviij4. _ 31 Marcij. Item to Trasie for mending of the Church wicket iij’. 1589. Item to John Allen for Iron work for the same wickett iiij4. 212 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item for the mending of ij iron strapps aoae and iron work for tie iehelt ft } = Item to a mason for mending the Church weg wall and lyme for the same ae Item for a praier booke v4, Item to the Plumer x. Item to the Joyner for makeing the Pulpitt xix’. Item for a polle of leather ij’. Item for mending of the bells xl, remayneth in the Item for a cli and halfe a li of gunpowder). «); J «a Churchwardens bought at Bristowe at xiiij‘ ob a li hi as hands and therefore { Item for the barrell ot not heare allowed } Item for charges in fetching the same pownder xxjé. Item to Willm Clarke viij4. Item to Hannam for strapps for the ani vii" and iron work aboute the Pulpitt bi Item to the Officialls Clark for writing the Articles xij at the visitacon’ Item to Willm Clark for coppying out the Register booke xviij‘. Item to Gyles Hutchens for inrolling the Register booke —_xviij*. Item to Pynnell the Sumner for his fee at the visitacon xij’. Item to Goodden to help the plumer vj". Item for wood for the plumer iiij4. Item to John Alford for trussing the ij bell Vics Item to Goodden for his wages ij’. Item to Joane Wallis for washing and ribs: er a the Surplisse a oie Item to the Clark of the market xt money gyven Item to a poore woman that had 3 children vj‘. to such poore Item given to a pore man that came from Harnam vj". folk as hath Item gyven to a poore man of Hamersmith vj*" alycense to ffor making of Gillinghams men drink xijt. gather the Item given to a poore msn that came from ee vj’. Almes of well from the spittle house disposed people Md. that the Item gyven to John Hancok y‘ came out of Sussex vj". xj’. x°. appeareth Item given to xviij poore man women and xj’. x2. in pticulers in halfe| soldiers at several times more a sheet of pap. pcell| Item paied to the Goale of Saru’ xxj*. of this Accompt Item paied to the Goale of Saru’ xia w* remaneth Sma tots of xv", xv*, iiij4. uppon the files of over and besides vj". iiij;. the church accompts paied by them for a cli and half ali of gunpowder by them bought and at this daie remayning in their hands./. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 213 Meere A°Dni The Second Accompt of John Coward 1590 and Henry Wa llis Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the mundaie next after Easter Viz. the xxth Daie of Aprill in the xxxijth yeare of the raigne of 0" sou’aigne Ladye queene Elizabeth etc. The Church Inprms they be charged w' xvj!' viij*. Stock of the Stock of the Church at the last xyj! viijé accompt ma de by the said Wardens as pticulerly app eareth in the foote of their accompt Item receiued of Robte Gooden for the The holy lofe rent of the Holie loafe this yeare over . x. yjt. and above iij*. w‘" the Bedman yearelie , hath to his owne use on Easter daie Sup. Edward Pamer ix*. Willm Tovy ix’. John Coward shoomaker iij’. Willm Robins iij*. } ij’. ij’. John Skynner iij’. The Church Item receiued of the pfitts and increase \ xij, x8. Ale: / of the Church ale for the second yeare A° Dni 1589 Seates Item receiued by them for seates sold solde in the Church this yeare as appeareth } vy. viij*. pticulerly by a bill thereof made ffuneralls Nothing Guifts and Item giuen to the Church by the L ij. iii. Legasies Stourton Sm* totalis xxix! xj*. ij¢. whereof They are allowed for Bread and Wyne for viij Comunions and for breade and wyne for the Comunions at Easter xlij’. j4. and for the repacons of the bells and other charges done about the Church as appeareth by other xii, xij’. x4. bills shewed at their accompt vij!' xiiij’. vj¢. and for other guifts gyven to Procto™ and other poore people as appeareth likewise by a bill thereof made xv‘. iiij4. all w‘ bills are heareunto annexed in all Item for oyle for the bells xj’. Item allowed for a hundred pownd and a half of Gunpowder at xiiij! ob the pownd wth the barrell and the charge of ffetching the same powder Sm* to’ of their Allowance vjli. itis. | xvjt Wilks Sah Soe they owe xij". xiiij’. iiij’. / Att this daie Steven Baron Leonard Cowley and Edward Watts are ellected Wardens for the repacon of the high waies for this yeare following Att this daie are appointed Churchwardens for this yeare to come Henry Wallis and George Greene’ VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. P 214 Receipts/ The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Seates sold in the yeare of o' Lord 1589 John Coward and Henry Wallis Churchwardens Inpmis to Henry Glover the seate that was John Goughes "i": Item to John Perman for his wife the enn seate that was Joane Sangers } ue Item to Hugh Trasy a seate for his wife iiij. Item to Symon Thorne a seate for his wife iiij?. Item to Tho: Smith a seate for his wife iiij*. Item to John Coward a seate in the pue or ope on the North side of the Chaweell Dore } x1) Item to Henry Wallis the iij seate in the same pue xij’. Item to Randoll Lambert the seate that was his ffathers Item to Tho: fforward thunger for his wife the seate that was Alice Barakers To Thomas Boles for his wife the seate that was Ann Chafyns iiij‘. Item to George Abbott for his wife the seate that was J oane} ‘iii Gyldons’ j i Item to Nicolas Goddard for his wife the seate that was Ann Gathouses Item to Elizabeth Bourne the seate that was Agnes Bornes widdowe Item to Alice Clavy widdow the seate that hors i" Joane Bonds Item receyved of Symon. Crouch w*" was eat to the Church of Meere by the L**. Stourton Item receiued for the Holie Loafe xv)": iiij2. vj‘. iii’. ij’. iij’. Sm* xx*. yje. A note of the charges bestowed on the Church A° 1589: Inp’ims for a rope for the Third Bell iij’. Item for repayring of the Church Wickett vj. Item for mending of the Cage of the great bell rie Item for a strapp for the great bell xvi, Item for six sacks of lyme vj. Item for a Surplisse Xxvj*. viij%. Item for answering that the surplisse was p’vided © athike Item for glasing vs. Item for a Tunn of tyle iiij®. viij¢. Item for carriage of the same tile from Hinckstridge vj’. Item for nailes and new makeing of strapps “Seren and bolts ee ae Item for new hanging of the great bell the Item to two men to help a bought the same bell xij’. Item to the Plumer xe: Item to the Helier for fyve daies work v’. Item for a hundred of lath nailes ij’. Item for half a hundred of lathes vij*. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 215 Item to the Hellior for tenn daies work — Item to Goodden to serue the Hellior iij’. iiij?- Item for mending the fourth bell and seting on the Crowne of the greate bell ay, Item for new hanging of the third bell and great bell ij*. Item to Goodden to help about the same bells vj. Item for bolts strapps keyes and nailes for | the great bell Item for mending of a seate in the north side of iiij®. viij?. the Channcell Dore a. Item paied to the Goale of Saru’ iij®. vj. . Item for leather to mend the bawdram of y* bells © xij’. Item paied on the Coronation Daie unto the Ringers xaos Item paied vnto Goodden for making the bawdrams sa of the bells ‘i N° Item vnto the glasier and to one to serve him x8, vy’. Item vnto the Helior ij’. iiij4. Item vnto a man to serve him vj’. Item to Thomas Smith for setting up a Jist) ae under the leaddes J : | Item for lath nailes and spriggs for the tyle “ and mending of one strapp } iG It for one hundred of lathes xvjt. ‘ Item for vj Crooks and nailes iiij?. 3 Item for xiiij Crests for the Church ij’. iiij*. Item to the Hellior and one to serue him xvd, Item for making of a board Cloth of the old cauee surplisse ot Item for wood and one to help the Plumer Pe ix’, Item for wood for mending of the bells and a for the plumer ; a Item to the Clark of the Markett at Hyndon ae vij’. Item in bread and beere on Trynitie.Sunday to make the Company drink that came from xvji. Gyllingham Item to Goodden for his wages to blow the billowes ij’. Item to Goodden for serving the tyler ijt. ‘Item for oyle for the bells ; xj. § Sm* vij, xij’. iiij4. / ij. ijt, xje. Laied out Inp’ims one quart of Seck the iiij of Maj = for bread and | Item one quart of Clarett wyne on Whit Sunday viij’. wine for the ;Item for a quart of seck the ffirst of September xij’. comunion Item one quart of seck and two penyworth Bros An° 1589: the xxth of November xiij’. Item ij quartes of seck on xpimas Daie ij’. Item for bread and wyne the first of March xxij4, Item for wine the vijth of Aprill xviij4. Item xxxij quarts and a halfe of seck for the Comunion at Easter Item for bread for the Comunion vij?, P 2 xxxij®. vj4. 216 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Sm’ xlij®. 34./ Item gyven to Procto' pore soldiers and others at seu’all times w'hin the tyme of this accompt f * Md. the xv*. iiij4 last before menconed is pticulerlie sett downe in one halfe sheete of paper pcell of this former Accompt w‘ remayneth uppon the fyles of the said Church accompts. v. iiij’, 1591: | The accompt of Henry Wallis and George Greene Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the mundaie next after Easter viz. the vth daie of Aprill in the xxxiijth yeare of the raigne of o' sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth etc. The Church Inpms they be charged w xij'i.xiiijs. iiij’. Stock/. of the stock of the Church at the last accompt made by the said Henry Wallis and John xij! xiiij®. iiij¢. Coward Churchwardens the last yeare as pticulerlie appeareth in the foote of their accompt The Comunion Item received of Robte Goodden for the rent of the bread. Comunion bread this yeare over and above iij‘. |x ix! gyven the bedman for collecting the same as in J the yeare before The Church Item receyved of the pfitts and increase of the ks viii’. iiij¢ ale Church ale for this yeare last past viz. 1590 ae a Seates Item receyved of them for seates in the Church this yeare by them sold as appeareth pticulerly by a ba xiiij thereof made ffuneralls nothing Guifts and Item received of Thomas Alford miller for d legasies / a legasie gyven by his mother ame Sm* to" xxiiij!. xviij®. iiij*. Whereof they are to be allowed for money paied by them for bread and wyne for xj Comunions and for bread and wyne for Easter xlj*. vij’. And for the repacons of the bells and other things dewe about the Church Ixxij’. viij*. and for other guifts given to petors and other poore people xij’. ij. As by seu’all billes thereof made and hearevnto annexed pticulerly appeareth Sm” to". of their I 3 vis ca allowannces hj ae And soe they owe xviij!. xijé. ij*. and one barrell of gunpowder pr vj. iiijs. Att this daie Henry Wallis is Discharged of his Churchwarden shypp and in his place Thomas fforward is chosen to contynew Churchwarden for two yeares And George Greene remayneth for this yeare following. And Edward Dick Nicholas Kyng of Seales and Thomas Alford of Burton are elected and chosen wardens for the repacon of the high wayes . vii. vj‘. Ife Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 217 Wyne for the Comunion for this yeare of o' lord 1590. 1591. Inp’ims for one pynte of Clarett wyne iiij?. Item for a quart of secke on Whit Sunday xij4. The second of August for sack xij’. Item the iiij of October for a quart of seck xij* The first daie of November one pottle sacke ij*. ffor pynts of sack for the Comunion’ see on the Cronacion daie ee ffor the Communion on Christmas Daie one pottle Ab opie | and a pynte ' a ffor the Comunion on the vij of ffeaberire it wt. ffor one quart of secke for the comunion the xii vij of March J: ffor one quart of wyne for the Comunion’ xij? on of lady daie J ffor wyne for this Kaster XXvij®. ffor bread for all the Comunions ix’, Sum’ xlj° vij4. ex Receiued of Thomas Alford miller by the guift a of his mother p Received of Gooden for the holy loafe xij®. Sum’ xiij’. viij*. Receyved of Thomas Yates for a seate for himself iij4. Receiued of George Greene for a seate for his wife wid late Goddards wyfes J: Receiued of John fforward for a seate late Willm diva fforwards J: Money laied out for the Church for this yeare of o* lord 1590 Inp’ims for the Changing of the old bible for one of uate the largest volume _ y- Item paied to the Pumer his wages xe Item for wood for the plumer Gooden for his help xd. Item for making the Church wyckett and setting see two posts and mending the barrs J Item for one post and a bord and lifts for same wickatt xij, for nailes and mending the iron worke of y® same wickat —_viij*. for mending the lock of the Register Coffer and makeing a key for the same for mending a strap and nailes for y® third bell viij?. xvjt. for making of a new wickat next unto the vicaridge an and bords and lifts for the same wickat i NS for nailes and mending the twists and ij hookes xij’. paied to the ryngers w™ did ryng on the cronacon’ daie xx4, paied for a new bell rope ij’. vj*. paied for helpe to trusse one of the bells ij’. paied to the glasier for mending the Church wyndowes VED owe paied for leather to amend the Bawdricks xiij*. laied out at the Officialls being heare in fees ijs. viij4. 218 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. paied to Willm Clarke at the same tyme el a taking a Coppy out of the Register booke ‘ paied to Goodden for mending the bawdricks xijt. for j new strap and nayles for the third bell xij?. paied to the Gayle of Saru’ ij. vj. paied for oyle for the bells xijt. paied to the Clarke of the markett and for gf x new bushell and a peck ; paied to Gooden for his wages ij’. for washing the Church Clothes ij’. Sm’ iij". xj. viij*. ex’ 1592. The accompt of George Greene and Thomas fforward Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the munday next after Easter viz the xxvij"" daie of March in the xxxiiij‘* yeare of the raigne of our sou aigne Ladie Elizabeth Etc. The Church Inpims they be charged w" xviij', xij. ij4. Stock and one barrell of gunpowder price vj". iiij®. of the stock of the Church at the last accompt | xviij!. xij*. ij?. made by the said George Greene and Henry sand j barrell Wallis deceased Churchwardens the last of gunpowder yeare as pticulerlie appeareth in the foote of their accompt Comunion Item received of Robte Gooden for the rent of bread. the Comunion bread this yeare over and aboue iij’. gyven to the bedman for collecting the same as in the yeare before Church ale / Item received of the pfitts of the Church ale) _..--_--, : for this yeare last past viz 1591 | viij". vij*. j° ob. Seates.. |. Item received by them:for seates in the:Church } ae iij*, ij%. xij’. ix’, this yeare by them sold as appeareth pticulerlie - bya Bill thereof made a ffuneralls. Item of Johan Wallis widdow for that her husband was buried in the Church \ Legacies Item received of Thomas Awbrey gent. as money gyven by his ffather deceased xx°. Of Thomas Tovy, thelder of new Saru’ deceased xx’, Of Joane King widdow as money gyven by her late husband deceased xx’. Of John Bishopp xlv*. vj%. as money gyven to the Church by Willm Bishopp his sonne iij’. iiij4.. Of Richard Cleves as money gyven by Robte Cleves his ffather yj’. in all Sm*. to xxx", vijs. iiij*. ob. and j barrell of gunpowder Whereof they crave allowance for money paied by them for bread and wyne for xiiij Comunions and for bread and wyne at Easter xxxiiij’. v“. and for the repacon of the bells and other charge aboute the Church w'h xiij®. iiij4 gyven to the Clarke }vj". xix*. iiij4. iiij!'. xj°. and for other guifts gyven-to pctors and other poore people xiij*. xj*. as by seu’all bills thereof made and heareunto annexed appeareth pticularlie in all vj. viij4. Transcribed by 7. H. Baker. 219 Sm* patet And soe they owe xxiij'. viij’. ob. and one barrell of gumpowder price vj". iiij’. At this daie George is discharged of his Ohiksiwardenehitp and in his place John Hewett of Burton is chosen to contynewe Churchwarden for ij yeares and Thomas fforward contyneweth his ffellowe Churchwarden for this yeare following. And Edward Chafyn gent and Robte Sheppard for the Woodland and Willm fforward are elected and chosen wardens for the repacon of the highwaies for this yeare following. 1591. Thomas fforward) pore men w'' lycence George Green }Willm Pollord of Allcallynes the xx" of Maj iiij’. Church wardens J) Edward Hobett of Allento by herbott the cei" of May vj‘. Thomas Clement of ffisherton the xxviij of May vj3. Thomas Clement the xxviijth of May iiij4. Moris Davyes soldier the ixth of June iiij. Nicholas Wever to the marshalley the ijth of July vj?. John cortes collector to Gylfford the ijth of July ij’. Charles Raynoldes soldyer the viijth of July - vji. ‘Edward Ducker soldier the xxjth of July viij4. Willm Cordrey collector to the queenes bynch the first of August Phylepe Aprice of Sapworth soldier the xjth of August iiij?. Moryse Cooke Collector to the Hospitall of east Harna’ the iiijth of September : ee ‘Willm Pilles of St. Mary Magdalens in Holloway “4 the xvth of September Ve oe Skyddie Ellen Pore and Ellen Jones aaa ‘Three Irish woman the xxijth of September i a ‘Edward Hooble collector to’ the ‘Hospital of aeton “4 the xxvjth of September ~~ ‘J° Thomas Préston of new Saru’-and agnes his wife-) Sent the xjth of October ais Marti Jonese & Elyn his wife-in the county of seas Lynkole the xviij of October So Humfry Barttlett a soldier the xxvjth of October —_- vja. Robte Coulton of Overton in Wiltes the xxviij® of October iiij*, Thomas Bennett of the poore house of St. Mary Magdalen in the pish of Redelyffe for the Citty of Bristowe the | vj of November Willm Dolle in little Cheverill in Wiltes his house and his aa goods being burned uppon Whit sunday last } ay Morgan Jones collecto™ for the pore people in the Hospitall of Barrnstable the first of December } Thomas More and Joane More his wife of the pish aa ‘of Callne in Wiltes the xth of December hae ’ Thomas Black & Margarett his wife in the Citty of New Saru’ xxvj'" of December ~ vj. iiij’, 2 0 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Edward Hayward a saylor and Humffry his sonne the vij of January Richard Pyppyns of the pore house or hospitall of } z v) iiij’, Langport westover in the County of Som’set John Wood his deputy the xxiiijth of January Henry Danke of Cowlston in the County of Surre his goods and house being burned the first of ffebruary joi to the value of Three Score pownds the xxxth of March Sm* tots ijs. ij. Sm? to* of all their allowances Seates sold by Thomas fforward and George Green Churchwardens. The first daie of August 1591. sold to Thomas King his ffathers vj‘. Sold to John Cleeves his ffathers the xth of July _—. vj. Sold to Thomas Alford weller a seate for his wife the seat of Agnes Alford widdowe on the north side of the Crue iiij*. the xxixth of October Sold to Symon Crouch thelder the seate of Harry bei xij the xxixth of November J Sold to Willm Longyer shooemaker the seate of John Cowards the xxvth of December Sold to Thomas Stafford, of Selles a seate for his wife | ny iiij’. }vin. xix*. iiij4. ex’ vj. the seate of Agnes Willims widdowe in the north side of the Church the xth of March Receyved of Thomas Awbrey gent : gyven unto the Church by his ffather {** Receyved of John Bishopp gyven by his sonne Willm Bishopp unto the Church iiij’. iiij*. Item it is agreed That Thomas Hawker Thomas Byrte, Peter Coleman Robte Perman Willm Dick Thomas Lawrannce butcher shall have vj a peece repayd unto them w*" they before paied for their seates in the place where the Organs doe now stand Laied forth for bread and wyne for the Comunion 1591. Item for a quart of wyne & bread the ijth of May xij? ob. It for a quart and j pynte of wyne & bread the xxiiijth of May alo It for ] quart of wyne and bread the first of August xij ob. It for wyne and bread the vth of September ix’ ob. It for j quart of wyne and bread the iiijth of October xij? ob. It for ij quarts of wyne and breade the xvijth of November ij’. ob. It for iij quarts of wyne and breade the xxvth of December iij®. ob. It for j quarte j] pynte of wyne and bread y° vjth A; ffebruary It for iij quarts of wyne and breade y* xixth of March _iijs. ob. for j pynt D pynt of wyne iba Ite’ for ] pynt the xxij of March vj. Ite’ for j quart D of wyne & bread the xxiijth of March xviij*. ob. It’ for j quart j pynt & D pynt of wyne y° xxiiij of March xxj4, tem for vj quarts ] pynte of wyne and bread my xxv'> of March xviij*. ob. vj®. vj*. ob. OR OO EE EES A Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 221 Ite’ for viij quartes of wyne & breade the xxvjth of march viij’. ob. Item more for wyne ij. 34°, 54 1591 paied for mending of ij wyndowes the xiiijth of Aprill xij’. paied for mending of the Church walls y* xvjth of Aprill xx!, paied for ij loades of stones and cariage of them xiiij4. Thomas Alford of Court end gave to the Church and was not paied paied for dyging of a lode of yearth Tie paied to Thomas Smith Carpenter for ij posts and Dressing of the yates of the Church yard paied to George Greene for mending of the iiij bells clepper iiij. paied to Henry Wallis for a bushell of wheate which } ij’. xvj4. paied for ij skyns of parchmt xiiij4, payd to Pynell for warnyng of the Court xij4. payed for deliu’ing of the Register Booke xvjt. paied for deliu’ing of the p’sentmt xijt, paied to Willm Sanders for writing y* p’sentment | and keeping of the Register booke ) oe paied to the plumer for his halfe yeares rent | y® xxxjth of July a for wood at the same tyme for y° plumer xij. for nayles iiij4. paied the plumer for removeing of the ledes in a \ gutter and laying of tymber in the same gutter paied to Gooden for his labour xij’. paied to the Heller for mending of a plott over the vj®. vj4. yorgynes xyj". paied to Robte Goodyng for mending of the cally xii of the bells y: paied to Hugh Yelling for a polle of leather xij’. paied to Robte fforward for ij new straps for the greate bell for a strap for the second bell for a } iij®. liij4 strape for the little bell & for nayles for the same paied to Willm Sanders the vth of December 1591 xiij’. iiij*. paied to Symont Crouch for oyle for the bells viij*. laied forth to the ringers for bread and beere at the rynging daie 1)’. paied to Robte ffoster the xxixth of December for the Gayle) __-4 of new Saru’ | xj y paied to Thomas Smyth the Carpenter for ij posts iij barrs) .., for the gate in the north side of y* Church } y- paied the glasier the viijth of ffebruary for mending of aN Fe Oe iiij wyndowes on the west side of the Church Be a for wood at the same tyme ijt. paid for ij new ropes vj*. paied for taking upp of the orgynes xviij*. paied to Robte Goodyng for his labour vj‘. paied to Hugh Trassie for mending of the orgynes ijs. x*, 222 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. paied the plumer for his halfe yeares rent the ve xxixth of ffebruary = paied to Robte Goodyng for his labour ijt. for wood at the same tyme ij’. paied to Hugh Trassey for makeing of a seate for the orgynes iij‘.vj". paied to Robte fforward for ij catches for the church gattes iij®. paied to Robte fforward for making of ij straps of iron for iia the orgynes UR for nayles for the orgynes va, paied to Robte Goodyng for bloying of y* orgynes ij’. for washing of y° serples & the table cloth ij’. paied to Hugh Trassey for making of a seate behinde the iis Channcell Dore and tymber for the same 1593. The accompt of Thomas fforward and John Hewett wardens of this pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the mundaie next after Easter viz: the xvjth daie of Aprill in the xxxvth yeare of the raigne of our sou’aigne Ladie Elizabeth ete. The Church Inprms they be charged w'” xxiij}i viij* ob Stock./ and one barrell of gunpowder p’ce vj" iiij’ of the stock of the Church at the last accompt made by the said Thomas fforward and George Greene xxiij!'. viij’. ob j barrell of Churchwardens the last yeare as pticulerlie gunpowder appeareth in the foote of theire accompt 5 Comunion Item received of Robte Gooddyn for the rent of bread the Comunion bread this yeare over and above seth ait iij’ given to the Bedman for Collecting the ae same asin the yeare before Church This yeare there was noe Church ale made nor 1 _ ale ni. other.colleccon for the repayre of the Church J ~ 5 Seates Item received by them for seates—in the Church) this yeare by them sold as appeth pticulerly 1x" xo, “by.a bill thereof made ffuneralls Item of Grace ffoster widdowe for that her husband was buried w'"in the Church vj’. viij%. of Thomas Barnard for that Thomas Barnard his ffather was buried w''in the Church vj*. viij*. Item received of Grace ffoster widdowe as money Legacies gyven by Robt ffoster her husband deceased vj. viij*. ee Of Thomas Barnard thelder deceased for the like xij“. + viij®. viij’. Of Edward West for that his daughters knell was rynged w' this pish xij® in all Sm? to's xxv'!, xij®. vij4. ob & a barrell of gunpowder. ‘Whereof the crave allowances for money paied by them for bread and wyne for xvij Comunions and for bread & wyne at Easter xxxiij®. ij4, And for the repacon of the bells and other charges about the Church w" xls gyven to the Clarke this yeare xvj'. viij’. ix’, xiij! xvij’. iiij*. and for other gyfts given to ptors soldiers and other poore people xviij*. iij‘, as by seu’all bills thereof made and now examyned and heare unto annexed pticulerlie appeareth In all. xij’. iiij’. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 223 Sm* patet. And soe they owe ix" iij’. x*, ob & a barrell of gunpowder At this daie Thomas fforward is discharged of his Churchwardenshipp. and in his place Symon Chrouch is chosen to contynew Churchwarden for two yeares and John Hewett contyneweth his fellowe Churchwarden for this yeare following/. Seates sold as followeth Sold to George Crabbe a seate for his wife the seate any of John Hollowaies in the west side of the Church mI): Sold to Thomas Beck a seate for his in the north side of the Church the seate of Luce King. Sold to Thomas fforward merser Willm fforward of Lymarsh. Thomas Banister, Henry monck of Barrow Streete the new seate belowe the Channcell at viij*. a peece. Sold to Thomas Chafyn gent and Thomas fforward | xij? iiij4. ij’. viij?. mercer for their wiffes the new seate belowe the Chawncell in the north side of the Church Sold to Robte Browne of Lympershill a seate for himself the seate of Robte King of lympershill in the south es side of the Church Sold to Robt. Browne a seate for his wife the seate of Robte King’s wife of lympshill in the midst of the Church} Yi" A new seate made in the north side of the Church and is sold to those that follow to Jone Kyng of Seales } iiij widdowe a seate Richard Tomsones wife a seate iiij. Richard Cleves wife the shoomaker a seate iiij4, Sold to John Clement a seate for his wife iiij2. Sold to Leonard Snooks the Dier a seate for his wife the aenee seate of Robte fford of Sealesin the north side of theChurch f J: Sold to Edward Pallmer a seate for his wyfe the seate see of old mother Pamer seles in the north side of the Church f ™)- Sold to Henry fforward of Lymarsh a seate for his wife in the mides of the Church the seate of mother } Hayms of Seales Sold to Thomas Sewell of Selles a seat for his wife one that was voyd in the north side of the Chutes and is the verie yender seate of all in that side Sold to Richard ffowler als Mores a seate for his wife in the north Chauncell being a seate voyd vji. to the Church Sold to Robte Holloway a seate for his wife the seate of mother Hopkins of Hinckes mill in the vj4 mides of the Church Sold to Arter Snooke a seate for his wife in the north) ees side of the Church being voyd to the Church } a Thomas King being not of the pish reneweth his ffather’s seate according to the order of the pish } Sm? ix’, x4, 224 The Churchwardens Accounts of Mere. The xvjth of Aprill 1592 Charges laied out aboute the Church as followeth. Paied to Thomas Hawker vj*. paied to Peter Colman vj. paied to Thomas Byrt vj. paied to Thomas Lawrannce butcher vj*. paied to Robte Perman Pyygt: paied to Willm Dick yj". paied for ij trees in Charnegge wood vij®. iiij?. ffor carryge of the lafftes from Charnege wood vij’. ffor lyme the xviij of Maye viij®. viij*. ffor carriage of sand to the Church xis Item for bread and beere to make Gyllinggame) xii men drink y: Item for ij lodes of tylle and carriage of them Xvjf. Item for iiij hundred of lath nailes viij*. Item to Gooddyng for carrying in of the stones ijt. Item for v hundred of laft nayles xe, Item for x hundred of laft nayles xx4, Item for sprigs nailes to Robte fforward xviij’. Item for v hundred of laft nayles x4, Item to Mollett the iij of June Sie Item for D. Doss of Cresse viij*. Item for v hundred of laft nayles x4, Item for bord nailes ae Item for x hundred of laft nailes sock Item to mollett the xth of June x Item for lyme the xth of June viij®. vj. Item for xv hundred of laft nailes ij®. vj". Item for j hundred of lafts xijt. Item for nailes to Robte fforward pons Item to the glasier for v. wendowes in a iiije. viij¢. south side of the Church for ij hundred of lafts ij’. for v hundred of laft nailes xa Item to Mollett the xvijth of June seh Ttem for ij hundred of laft nailes ilij*, Item for D. hundred of lafts vj4. Item to Mollett the xxjth of June xxj°. Item for tymber to lay under the tylle uppon y° reffters ij®. Item to the Clark of the markett the xvjth of July viij. y° Seate Item to Thomas Smith for making of the seate see5 seg behind the behind the Channcell Dore & tymber for the same ae Wis Chancell dore/ Item to the plumer for his halfe yeres rent vs. Item to Goodyng for his labour & wood at y'. tyme vj’. Item to hugh Yelling for a poll of leather ayy paied to Hugh Trasy for mending of a seate and nailes for the same seate in the Channcell and the north side _; iiij*. of the Church J ye eee ee Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 225 paied to Willm Sanders Clarke the xiiijth of August xE his whole yeares wages y° som of ; To Thomas Alford whellor for new hanging of the is. yid greate bell Be Vee To goodyng for his labour wate To Robt fforward for iij straps and nailes for the great} ;.-. ji. bell and the third bell Lol ol ag To Pynnell for warnyng of the Court xij. Item for writing of the p’sentm'. & deliu’ing y® same xij’, Item for oyle ij’. Item to Robte Goodyng of the bawdrepes of the bells xij’. Laied out for rynging for the queene ij’. ffor Candles ij4. To Thomas Smith for mending of the iiij bell stock As To Robte fforward for ij strapes j pyn of yron and i iis. yid nailes for the iiijth bell stocke ae Ny: To the glasier for mending of iij wendowes the Beal ffirst of December } Mg vie ffor wood the same tyme ijt. paied to John fforward for carrygge of the iiij bell xs, ffor a stock for the iiij bell vs. ffor stocking of the same bell viij’. paied Thomas Smith the Carpenter for pee vii? of viij seates in the north side of the Church J ffor Candells j!# iiiij4. ffor bordes for the seates ij’. iiij4. To Robte fforward for ij pyns of yron weighing xiij". iij®. iij4. ffor ij gogynes ij. v4. ffor bord nails xij’. ffor a Dore lock 2h ffor a pere of gymales vj. ffor great nailes for the bells viij*. ffor making of ij pyns of yron xij? vii xviij®. ex Item for Dressing of ij straps iiij4. It for Dressing of a strap The It for a Dogg iiij4, To Robte fforward for xxiiij of yron laied to the see iiij bells clepper and his worke | als Item for oyle ij4, To John Gerett of Knoyle for his charges goeing mS w* one bell to casting mij*. 1)". ffor a newe rope for the iiij bell ij’. viij*. Item for mending of the iiij bells Clepper iiij’. Item to Thomas Smyth and Walter Alford for cote Dressing of the iiij bell stock and the whele } Me ffor oyle ij. paied to the Gayle for j whole yeare at aa last Mr. Thomas Chafyn being Cunstable- uij?. vj". 226 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. To the plumer for his halfe yeares rent v° To Goodyng for his labour & wood at that tyme vj’. paied to Sandell of Storton for a new matt ial xvi the Channcell . ffor washing the Serplese ij’. paied to Robte Goodyng for his wages ij*. XEKVS, x, 13—17—4. 1592 pore men w'" lycense Richard Lawrance of the pish of Rodborne Cheney “a gauve him the xxiijth of Aprill Wie Edward Cox of ffisherton anger his howese and vA goods being burned gaue hime the iijth of May VJ Hew Raynolds a soldier gave him the ixth of May iiij*. ffrannces Lowes procter at mileends in oure 4 said County of Middx gave hime the xxth of Maj if Willm Millard latte of Yatton in Wilteshere saad gave hime the iijth of June } pan Willm Smith in the county of Northampton his a dwelling being Cornall the vj" of June gave him \ Nik: John Gryffinge John Vinte towe soldiers gave ixd them the vjth of June s Thomas Powell gave hime the xiijth of June vA Be John Syldon licensed by Charells lord Howard of a Effyngham gaue hime } es Edward Coffyn Collector to St. Margaretts neere Wymborne myster in our said County of bores} vj4. gave hime the xvj of June of all his goods and marchandyes to the value of iij hun- dred pownds gave hime the xvij of June Roger Jones of Exseter to the pore house there gave : him the xxth of June bi Richard Kenny of Carisbrooke in the Ille of Wyghte his _ xxvj®. ijt. 1596. James King Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the xij" daie of Aprill in the xxxviij yeare of the raigne of our Sou’aigne Ladie Queene Elizabeth et. The church Inprms they be charged w‘? xxilij*. ix’. ob stock and one barrell of Gunpowder p’ce vj" iiijs of the stock of the Church at the last accompt made by Symon Crouch and Willm Crumpe . Wardens the last yeare as appeth in the foote of their Accompt ~Comunion Item received of Robte Goodden by them for the % bread rent of the Comunion bread this yeare over and ; above iij?. giuen to hym for Collecting the same as in y® yeare before : xxiiij®. ix’, ob. Sm* t Meere. peer of Willm Crumpe and i t ’ ® Mju kee 234 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item they be charged w" xj!. xviij*. as soe much Rates money due by a Rate imposed upon the inhabitants for and towards the repacons of the Church for xj'i xviij’. this yeare. As by a booke thereof made pticulerly appeareth Seates sold They are alsoe to be charged w* money by tehm mony for received for seates by them sold this yeare. And knells w' money gyven for knells as appeareth by it their bill of accompt Mony collected They are further to be charged with xxix’. as towards the soe much money by them collected towards aie reparacons of the repacon’ of the clock given by the the Clock pishioners for a benevolence The stock of They are alsoe to be charged w'h Is. as soe Gunpowder much money by them receyved for the sold. said Barrell of gunpowder and w* before Is, this tyme remayned as a stock at vj" iiij* as above appeareth The some of ord their charge f*¥") : ats eb Allowances/. Of w*. said some of xvij"'. ij*. ob. they are to be allowed diu’s somes of money by them disbursed w''in the time of this accompt amounting to the ;x". v®. vj‘. ob. some of x". v®. vj4. ob. As bya Bill of pticulers remayning w' this accompt appeareth Sm’ p’ And soe they owe vj". xvj*. vj‘. uppon diu’s of the inhabitants for the rates yet behinde and not gathered as by a bill of } xviij*®. vjt. pticulers heareunto annexed appeareth The accomptannts themselves C xiij’. This accompt is not pfected by reason that Symon Crouches Accompt is unpfect At this daie Willm Crumpe is discharged of the Churchwarden shipp and in his place Thomas Banister is chosen to contynewe Churchwarden for two yeares And James King contyneweth his fellow Churchwarden for this yeare ffollowing. And alsoe Johh Coward and Edward fford for Woodland Edward Hendy and John ffrauncis for the West end and John Longyer and Christofer fforward for the Towne of Meere are appointed and chosen Wardens for the reperacon of the High Waies for this yeare following. And John Stasy for Chawdenwich And if they in Chawdenwick shall not be able of themselves to repaire the high waies win their Tything. That then the Tything of Woodland is to help them. Uppon Transcribed by 7. H. Baker. 235 Meere Thaccompt of James King and Thomas 1597 Banister Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare made the xxviijth daie of March in the xxxixth yeare of the raigne of o' sou’aigne Ladie queene Elizabeth ete The Church Inprms they be charged w vj'' xvj. vj‘. Stock of the stock of the Church at the last accompt made by Willm Crumpe and James King vj. xvje. vit. Churchwardens the last yeare as appeareth in the foot of their accompt Comunion Item received by them of Robte Goodden for bread the rent of the Comunion bread this yeare bh Se over and above iij‘. given to him for ee i Nati of the same as in the yeare before Rates Item they are to be charged wt” vij!'. iijs. viij4. as soe much money due by a rate imposed uppon the inhabitants for and towards vij4. iijs. viij?. the repacon’ of the Church for this yeare. As by a Booke thereof made pticulerly appeth Legacies Item they are charged w" vij’. iiij’. as soe much given by sundry psons towards the repacon of the Church viz: of Widdowe fforward given by Willm fforward of Lystreete her husband xij4. Of Thomas Banister given by Edith Thomas his Vij. iiij*. svant xij’. Of Thomas Banister given by his mother xij*. Of Thomas Alford given by Xpofer Alford his ffather iij’. iiij4, Of John fforward given by John fforward thelder his ffather xij‘. in all ffuneralls Receyved of James Martin gen’ for the buryall of his wife wthin the Church vy- viij" Seates and Item they are alsoe to be charged w™ xxvj®. ij’. other things sold. as soe much money by them receyved for seates by them sold this yeare and for an old bell rope as by a bill of pticulers heareunto annexed appeareth Sm? to's of their charge They crave allowance of vij'. xij’. j4. laied out by them w''in the time of their accompt for bread Allowances/ and wine for ix Comunions and for bread and wine for Easter, for the repacons of the bells was Willm fforwards j Viij Item of Wm Longyer for a seate for his wife vje. 238 Meere. 1598. The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item of Xpofer Dowding for a seate Item of Thomas Whitchurch for a seate for his wife Item of Willm Olliffe for a seate for his wife Item of Elizabeth Swetnam for a seate Item of George Harding for a seate for his wife Item of Thomas Yates for a seate for his wife Item of John Perman for a seate for his wife Item of Edward fforward for a seate for his wife Item of Robte Hamlyn for a seate for his wife Item of the wyddowe fforward given by) her husband j Item of John Clement a seate for him self Item of John Longyer Junio: for a seate for his wife Item of Thomas King for a seate for himself Item of Elizabeth Lawrance for a seate Item for an old bell rope Item of John fforward for his ffathers seate Item of Thomas Veale for a seate Item of Robte fford for a seat for his wife Item of Thomas Banister given by his mother Item given by Edith Tomes Item of John Watts for a seate y' was Tho: Kings Item of Leonard Snooke for a seate y' was Robyns Item of Richard Rawlings for a seate for his wife Item of Walter Deacon for a seate y' was Som’s Item of Grace ffisher for the seate that was) Margarett Som’feylds j Item of Richard Cleeves for a seate Item of Thomas Huett for a seate Item of Alice Hewitt for a seate Item of Thomas Ittery for a seate for his wife Item of Thomas Banister for a seate for his wife Item of Thomas Williams for the seate that was his) ffathers j Item of Willm Stevens for a seate for his wife Item of Thomas Alford given by his i gi Christofer Alford Item receyved of Goodden for comunion Whe Item received of John fforward thunger w'") was gyven by his ffather to the Church { Sm* tots xxxiij’. vj4. Thaccompt of Thomas Banister and Christofer fforward Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare ended the xvij" daie of Aprill Anno Rne Elizabeth et xl° but made and gyven upp the xxiiij daie of March in xlij° yeare of her mas raigne 1599. iij’. iii’. xij ts Transcribed by T. H. Baker. The Church Inpms they charge themselves w" Stock vii, xvs, viij’. imposed uppon the said Thomas Banister and James King uppon their accompt, whereof there was in the hands of Thomas Banister v". ij. x‘. in the hands of Robte Goodden ij’. ix’. in the hands of Willm Crumpe and James King ix*. and in the hands of Symon Crouch xij*. Rates Item they charge themselves w" vj! xij’. uppon They have a booke of rates imposed uppon the inhabi- noe booke/. tants towards the repacon’ of the pish Church for this yeare Seates sold Item they charge themselves w" vj°. ij*. for ) seates sold for that year as appeareth by their bill) Comunon Item they charge them selves w'" xij’. ixt. for the ) bread/. rent of the Comunion bread for the same yeare } Item they charge themselves for an old bell rope Item they charge them selves w" xlv°. ij’. re- mayning uppon the foote of thaccompt of James King and Thomas Banister uncollect- ed of the pish Be ti8 unas xvii, xijs, xj’. whereof of diu’s inhabitants not gathered by them for that yeare as appeareth by theire bill Item they crave allowance of Tenn pownds eleven shillings and tenn pence laied out by them w‘hin the tyme of this accompt as appeth by their bill of pticulers : Item they crave allowannce of the said seu’all somes of money remayning in tke hands of the said Robte Goodden Willm Crumpe James King and Symon Crouch w™ somes as yet they have not receyved More they crave allowance of xlv*. iiij’, uncollected | of the pish by Banister and King ) More they crave allowance of ix‘. peell of the rents for the Comunion bread w* is due this yeare and remayning in the hands of the said Robte Goodden Sm* to® of their whole allowance xiij'', xix’. vij*. And soe uppon this accompt for the same yeare ffirst they crave allowance for certain rates } 239 vii, xv. viij4, vj4. xij*. vj. ij4. xij’. ix’, xij4, xlvs. ij4. viij®. xj* dle Gg ec) xij®. ix? xlv*. iiij’, ix, there resteth due to the Church the some of xxxiij$. }xxxiij*.ilij*. iiij4, remayning in the hands of the said Thomas Banister A note of the Church recknyng Thomas Banister and Christofer fforward uppon their accompt ended the xvij of Aprill xl° Eliz. 240 Charges layed out by Christofer fforward/ soldiers Item paied to the Cunstables for the Gayle aye Item for oyle for the bells ; ij". Item pd to Willm Sanders for his wages i Wye vee Item for bread and wine xiij*. Item paied to the Plumer ee Item to old Goodden iiij". Item for a catch for the wickett ij’. Item pd to Willm Cordrie of the Vyes for the) xijt Kings bench J ! Item pd. to Thomas Moone for mending the bell Clapp ij’. iiijé : Item for bread and wine vij’. Item for iij ells of white cloth for Panters wives shrowd iij*. ii. : Item for a booke sent from the Deane of Saru’ iiij@ . Item for a quire of paper iiij’. Item for ij skyns of parchm' xvj*. Item laied out at the Deanes Court vj*. vij*. Item for halfe a pole of leather for the bells xij’. Item pd to the Cunstables for maymed soldiers iiij®. iiij*. Item for the Gayle of Saru’ xj*. Item for oile for the bells ij’. Item pd to Robte Browne for mending the wyndowes vie Item pd to the glasier for mending the wyndowes iiijs. iiij*. Item pd for wood for the glacyer j*. Item pd. for halfe a pownd of candells at the Coronacon tte - Item for bread and wyne ij’. ij*. Item for meate and drink for the Clock maker ij®. x4. Item for a buckle for the fourth bell ij". Item for bread and wyne ij*. x". Item for oile for the bells it: Item to the maymed soldiers iiij®. iiij”. Item paied to Gayle of Saru’ x4, . Item for ij sacks of lyme for the Church ahs - Item for iij C of laughts iij*. vj4. Item for ten hundred of lath nailes xviij4. Item for 40 nayles iiij*. . Item for bread and wyne ri nd Item for v cords for the Tylers vi, Item for ij sacks of lyme ij’. Item for Gooddens labo* w" the tylers viij*. Item for oile for the bells ee Item for the tylers wages eyes Item for poynting of the Church Vee Item for a bell rope alll iij’. The. Churchwardens Accounts of Mere. Inp’mis paied to George Abbott for the Gayle of Saru’, ; > x") Item for a Cord for the Clock a xviij’. Item paied to the Cunstables for the maymed ) iiije, 88} t : ; Item for Bread and wyne J Nos ij’. vij*. Rendolls wyfe ij*. iii*. Cast up by Item for bread and wyne against Easter Xxxiiij*. viij4. me Robt The some is...» vij!i. 78. vj. Bishopp Item paied to George Abbott vth of Sueily Widgereeag etree Laied out for maymed soldiers | ‘ 1iij®. iiij4. by me Item paied to Willm Clark for pa: am, Thomas washing of the surpisse 1)". Banister Item for ij ells and a qrt of white cloth for) ; acaes alae Willm Smyth his shrowd s/h yin i Item for Willm Panters mayde for an xviija ell and q" of white cloth for a shroud j a Item for ij posts for the wickett and for | ixd mending of them : Item for ij ells and a q™ of Whit cloth eee for Richard Wiatts for his shrowde ae My XE: Item for oile for the bells ' ij? ‘Item for bread and wyne the first of May xvji. Item for Bread and wyne the vth of May ijt. Item for bread and wyne the xvth of May ~ xiij*. Item for Edward Gyldon for the charge of one) aii bes load of stones for the Church ) Wire Site Item paied Willm Clarke for michaellmas wages vj. viij4. Item paied to the Hospitall of Hamersmith) xija } in midlesex - } y- - Item pd to Willm Clarke for writing a P register for iij yeares i Item paied to Thomas Smith for Mette aaa the greate Bell wheele and for a box for the rope} Me Item paied to Gullofer for mending the Church Walls __v°. iiijé, Item paied to Willm Clarke for xpimas Wages vj*. viij4. Item paied to the plumer for mending the leads ve. And for Gooddens about the same iiij4, Itém paid to Robte Browe for mending the Churchyard ad walls | i Item paied to Willm Clarke for our Lady Day wages _ vj. viij. Item paied to the Hospitall of Bruton xij4, Item paied to the Glazier for mending the Church wyndows viij4. . Some is iij. x*. iiij’, ex p Racons Seates sold by Inp’ims for a seate to George Crabb iiij4, Christofer fforward Item a seate to George Robyns wife vj’. and Tho: Banister _ Item a seate to Randoll Lamberts wife . vj’. Churchwardens A°. Item a seate to Thomas Lucas vj4. 1597, and shewed —_ Item a seate to Mychall Gamlyngs wife . vj. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 241 Item fora key for the little bell- =.” i. Item pd to Goodden for makeing the bawdricks sai Item to the Cunstable for the manymed soldiers liij’. iiij4. Item for the Gayle xjt. Item for iij ells of white cloth for old-Gardners shroud ij’. vj4. Item for ij ells and iij quarters for Richard uppon their accompt Item a seate to John Watts wife : vj. 242 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. the 17" of Aprill Item a seate to John fforwards wife of Cole vj‘. xl° th Eliz : Item a seate to Edward Gyldons wife vj‘. Item a seate to John Streets wife iiij*. Item a seate to David Combe iiij4. Item a seate to Nicholas Androwes wife vjt. Item a seate to Edward Gyldon vj". Item a seate to Henry Prydes wife vja. Item a seate to Robte Illyng ij*. Sm* yj’. ij’. Thomas Banister and xpofer fforwards bill uppon their accompt ended the xvij of Aprill A° xl™° Elizabeth R*"/. Meere Thaccompt of Xpofer fforward and John 1599 ffranncis Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one yeare ended the xvth daie of Aprill in the xljth yeare of the raigne of 0" Sou’aigne Ladie queene Elizabeth 1599: but made and given upp the xviijth daie of March Anno Rne Elizabethe xlij . 1599, Inpms they charge themselves w'" xxxiij’, iiij’. remayning in the hands of Thomas Banister uppon the accompt made by him and the said xpofer fforward being the Church Stock They have Item they charge themselves w'” vj". xij*. by a } xxxiij®. iiij4. noe Booke __booke of Rates uppon the inhabitants for this vj. xijs. yeare as appeareth by their booke Item they charge themselves w* xij’. ix’. for ee the rent of the Comunion bread for this yeare } ats Item they charge themselves w" ij*. vj". for seates sold) «., 4 this yeare by them as appeareth by their bill ; eee Item they charge themselves w" vj‘. gyvenb ) vj s Willm Harding for ffrowds knell Sma ix", xiij°. wherof ffirst they crave allowance for certaine rates of diu’s inhabitants not gathered by ih for this yeare as appeth by a bill They crave allowannce of vij'. xviij*. x“. ob. laied out by them wthin the tyme of this accompt | winawiitaob as appeareth by their bill of pticulers They crave allowannce of ix’, pcell of the rent of the Comunion bread due to be paied this yeare by Willm Hinstridge Randoll i Coward and Thomas King w™ is not yet receyved Sma to“ of their whole allowance And soe by this accompt the Church resteth ) stag indebted to the said Church Wardens J Taina Which the said Accomptannts doe freely forgyve xxij®. vj’. hint ij. j. ob. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 243 The Churchwardens accompt for this last yeare begynning the week after Easter 1598 untill this our accompt/. A note of the Church recconing. Item paied to Walter Alford for mending of the oe iiiia and the Wicketts oh Item for a latch and nailes ij’. Item for bread ob. Item for an ell and a qtr of white cloth for Richard ) xii?. ob Kendolls Childes shrowd | ae Item for bread and drink to make the Lord of Gyllingham drink ij. iii’. Item for iij ells of white cloth to make Robte sebpenle Holloway a shrowde aa Item for bread ob. Item for bread ob. Item for oile for the bells no Item for a buckell for the second bell ij’. Item for the maymed soldiers viij®. viij*. Item to the Gayle of Saru’ xjt- Item for the plumer ve Item for Goodden for his labor ij’. Item for leather for the bells xijt, Item for bread and wyne xij. ob. Item for bread and wyne vj*. ob. Item to the Clarke vj*. viij?. Item for oyle for the bells ij4. Item iij ells of white cloth for mother Hells shroud ij®. iij¢. Item paied fora bell rope for y° great bell iiij°. Item paied to the maymed soldiers viij®. viij. Item for the Gayle seh Item for bread and wyne vj. ob. Item to the Clarke vj®. viij4. Item for bread and wyne xviij*. ob. Item for oyle for the bells ij’. Item for makeing of the ringers drinke xv’, Item for half a li of Candells ij. Item for bread and wyne xiiij*. ob. _Item paied to Tracy for mending of the bells iiij’. Item for nailes ob. Item for oyle for the bells ; ij4, Item for bread and wyne iiij*. viij*. ob. Item paied to the maymed soldiers viij®. viij4. Item for the Gayle x4, Item to the Clark vj. viij4. Item paied to Goodden for making of a grave) ieee for Camells Daughter j he Item paied to Thomas Moone for mending of a) 5 Clapper ai Item for a qu‘ of a C and viij' of wyer at j4 ob a iiij®. vj4. 244 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. for new making of a Clapper rae viij®. vj4. for making of the men drink xviij4. Item for oyle for the bells ij4. for bread and wyne - -xij4. ob. Item we gave to vj soldiers xij’. Item for the Plumer ve: Item for Gooddens labour iij4. Item for wood ij. ffor iij ells of white cloth to make Robte) ive Chislett a shrowde j J: Item for an ell and halfe of white cloth to =o make Buggesses boy a shroud } se Item for iij ells of white cloth to make sd Richard Bourne a shroud Be Item paied to Goodden for making of a grave iiij4. Item for oyle for the bells ij’. Item paied to Walter Alford for mending) iia of the beere j y: Item laied out for a barrell of wine against aceon XXxviij®. j4. Item ffor bread ob. Item for bread ob. Item to the Clarke vj*. viij4. Itn’ to the Gayle xe Item for bread ob. Item ffor bread ob. Item for oyle for the bells ij. Ite’ paied to Goodden for mending the bawdricks xij’. Item for bread ob. Seates Imp’ims a seate to Wolston ffosters wife vj*. sold by Item a seate to John Hannam iiij*. Xpofer fforward Item a seate to Christopher Dowdings wife vj. & John ffranncis Item a seate to George Robyns vji. Churchwardens Item a seate to Willm Harding iiij?. of Meere Item a seate to John Crumpe iiij’. A’, 1598. Sm*, Hips VAL Meere: Thaccompte of John ffrancis Warden 1600: . of the pish Church of Meere for one whole yeare ended at this accompt made the xxiiij daie of March Anno Regine Elizabeth xlij° ij'. by an old Booke of Rates uppon the inhabi- tants for this yeare as appeareth by the said booke Item hee chargeth himself w'® xij*. ix‘. ) for the rent of the Comunion bread { Inprms hee chargeth him self w" viij!! 4 viij". ij’. xij*. ix’, res oy I — ——— Transcribed by 7. H. Baker. 245 Item he chargeth himself wth ij’. for seates) iv sold this yeare as appeareth by a bill j ys Item received of Mt Edward Chafin I for arrerages of his rates for the Church | Sm? of his Charge ffirst he craveth allowannce for certaine | rates of diu’s inhabitants not gathered iij'. ijs. vjt. by him for this yeare J Item he:craveth allowannce of xxj4 peell of the rent of the Comunion breade for this yeare whereof Steven ffrye is to pay for Millers and his ffarme vj4 Thomas Alford iiij*. Willm Chislett iij¢. and others to make it up | ix!' ix, whereof xxjt Memorandn’ ‘that at this daie Symon Crouch and Randoll Coward by the consent of the pishione’s were named and appointed Churchwardens. The said Symon Crouch to remayne for two yeares next comeing and the said Randoll Coward for one yeare At this daie alsoe James Martin gen’ and Michaell Lanyng are chosen and appoynted Waywardens for this yeare to come At this daie alsoe was payed unto John fforward and Thomas fforward to the use of the poore of the pish by John Watts vj’. As soe much interest money for the use of iij wc is due to the poore of the pish and doth remayne in the said Watts his hands by the suretiship of John Coward and Leonard Cowley. And there is alsoe paied unto the said John fforward and Thomas fforward likewise by Mr. Thomas Chafyn vj’. for the interest of Three pownds remayning like wise in his hands. Memord that at this daie there was a booke of Rates agreed uppon to be presentlie collected by the Church- wardens above said towards the p’sent repacon of the Church ou’ and besides such arrerages as are uncollected w‘h said Booke amounteth to the some of vij!. vijs. xj4./ A note of all such money as have ben laied out for the Church xxiiij'"Marcij of Meere byJohn ffranncis for one whole yeare deud’ed upp uppon A° 1599: ~— his Accompt Imp’ims laied out for the Gayle and mayned soldiers ix*. vj. ob. Item laied out for the making of the Lord of Gillingham ) drinke j il Item paied for bread and wine xij. Item laied out for the Gayle and maymed soldiers ix*. vj* op, VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. R 246 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item laied out for a rope for the clock : ij’. Item paied to the plumer vs. Item paied to Goodden for his labour : ij’. Item laied out for oyle for the bells ij’. Item paied to Willm Clarke for his wages vj®. viij4. Item paied for bread and wyne xiij4, Item paied for the exchange of a bell clapper xvij®. j*. Item paied for bread and wyne xviij’. Item paied to Willm Clarke for his wages £ vj%. vii? Item paied to the Gayle and maymed soldiers ix. vj*. ob. Item paied for oyle and candells iiij4. Item paied to Trasy for making a wheele for the great bell vj’. iiij*. Item paied to Allen the smith for making strapps ) ape to mend the great bell } ijt. vj". Item paied to the roper for iij bell ropes by Le \ ht eb Ge Item paied for bread and wyne ij*. vj". laied out to three soldiers w‘" came to me by lycense that the Churchmen were to relyve them the w" soldiers } ij. had of me Item paied to Goodden for oe labour vj. Item paied to Hugh Trasy for hanging and trussing the great bell upright and for mending of other iij®. iiij faults about the bells Item paied to the Gayle and maymed soldiers ix. vj*. ob. Item paied to Willm Clarke for his wages vj°. viij*. Item paied to Wolsten Illen for halfe a poll of leather x, Item paied to the Plumer for his wages v’. of the bell Clippar w™ was broken to Warmister and bring it home I am to paie to Allen the Smith for making a } iiij I am to paie to Christofer fforward for carriage } buckle for the bawdrick I praye paie y° man & set it downe uppon my accompt for I have not sene it Item paied to the Clarke of the markett ix’. viij*. Item paied Goodden for making the bawdricks | a of the bells j nia Item for Bread and wine for Easter Comunions | xxviij* iij*. Som tots of their Lea enidin allowannces Pipers I praie enquire of Eaade where hee have feat any thing while I have ben sick. There should be in the Tower three old bell ropes w‘ I praie call to Goodden for them. Sell them awaye. ffor all the wyne w*" hath ben spent this tyme I have not laied out anie money for it. I praie send © for Lucas or Channler. to knowe w'h his demannd is for a quart of it, my prise was this. That I should have it two pence in every quart better cheape then hee sold it to any other as Willm Crumpe doth knowe The some as they saith is xxvj quartes. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 247 I praie you to call John Lander of Charwech before you whoe did gather certaine money as hee said were for the making of a clapper for the bell w* was long broken. /. Meere The accompt of Simon Crouch (and Randulph 1601 Coward his. fellowe Churchwarden. being dead) one of the Church Wardens of the pish Church of Meere for one yeare ended on Easter mundaie being the xiij daie of Aprill Anno Regine Elizabeth et xliij@ Anno Dni 1601 as followeth/. Arrerages none The Booke / Inprms hee chargeth himself w‘h of Rates / vij'. ix’, ix’, gathered by him by a Booke of rates of the inhabitants wthin this - pish, And w'h vij'. ix’. ix’. by him alsoe gathered by a second colleccon by a Booke _ of rates of the inhabitants alsoe w'*in this pish as appeth by a booke in 5 Boeulor seene and examyned xiiij". xix®, vj’. Legasies Item hee chargeth himself wh v. given as a legasie towards the repacons of the Chareh by Nicholas Clement, and v’. vjt. wth vj*. given by Tho: Watts alsoe ‘towards ' the repacons of the Church, ffuneralls Item he chargeth himself alsoe w'h xxvj*. viij’, gyven for burialls in the Church viz: of M* Tho: Awbrey for his wife vj°. viij‘. of Mr. Randoll Baron for his mother vj*. viij*. Xxvj®. viij4. of Robte Smith for the widdow Tyse vj°. viijd. of Agnes Coward for the buriall of Randoll Coward her husband vj°.. viij*. Seates Item-he alsoe Chargeth himself wth v*. by sould - -him received for Seates sould as appeth by $ i ’ . a bill of pticulers examyned uppon this ve accompt Gyits towards And hee Chargeth himself wth xij®. iij% the repacon gathered by him of diu’s psons towards } xij’. iij*. of abell/. the repacons of the ffowerth bell as appeth a Charo (27 viij®. xj". whereof Allowances This accomptant craveth allowance of xij* wherewth he standeth charged in- the title of the booke of rates and cannot xij’. receive it as appeth pticulerlie in a bill examined at this accompt Alsoe hee is to be allowed of xvj!. viij’. ix’. ob laied out by this Accomptant as appeareth pticulerlie in a bill examined at the taking of this accompt xvj', viij®. ix’. ob. R 2 248 The Churchwardens Accounts of Mere. Sm? totts of his allowance And soe hee oweth to the pish vij*. j*. ob besides xiijs. allowed to this accomptant weh is yet unpaied and is to be collected forthwth by him by the said book of rates or the pties refuseing to be assited to the Deanes Courte at Saru’ At this daie Simon Crouch is discharged of the office of a Churchwarden, and Randoll Coward, his fellow Churchwarden is dead, And Robt Coward and George Abbott are ellected and chosen Churchwardens for this yeare following, w‘" saide Robte Coward hath received uppon the daie of this accompt of Symon Crouch the last Churchwarden the said some of vij;. j2. ob due uppon the foote of this accompt. There is alsoe deliu’ed to the a note of said Robte Coward eleven silver spoones ij Crocks, the Church a comunon Cup of silver and a silver plate fower goods board clothes The xj silver spoones doe wey x: oz. w*" after the rate of iiij®. viij*. the oz amounteth to xlvj*. viij". and are soe old to John Coward uppon this daie wth the consent of all the pishioners heare p’sent/. At this daie Roger Wilton for the Towne’and John Coward for the Woodland are ellected waye Wardens for the yeare to come/. At this daie alsoe was paied unto Xpofer Awbrey and other the overseers of the poore to the use of the poore by John Watts vj’. and by M'. Thomas Chatin vj‘. as soe much interest money due for vjji remayning in the hands of the said Thomas Chafin and John Watts, by the suertishipp of John Coward and Leonard Cowley for John Watts lx’. each of them for xxx°./ Meere = The first accompt of Robte Coward 1602 & George Abbott Churchwardens there for one yeare ended this daie being Easter mundaie the v‘" of Aprill A°. Regine 44. Elizabeth & Anno Dni 1602. as followeth. Arrerages Inprms they charge them selves wth ) vij’. j“. ob received of the last Churchwardens } Item they doe alsoe accompt for xiij® being A debte depending uppon Symon Crouch the Churchwarden the last yeare and by xiij’. him alsoe Collected and paied to the said accomptants } xvii j®. ix’. ob. vij®. j°. ob Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 249 Goods sould/. Item they doe accompt for xlvj*. viij* for xj silver spoones sould by the consent xlvjs. viij4 of the pish unto John Coward being pcell Ae et of the Church goods The Booke Item they yeeld accompt of viij!. xix’. ix’. of rates/. gathered by them by a booke of rates char- sit etes aed’ ged uppon the pishioners as by the same Ne onral booke appeareth. Legasies Item they yeeld accompt of xij‘. given ) aq as a legasie to the Church by John ffrith } more ffuneralls none/. Seates Item they yeeld an accompt of iiij. ij%. sould/. for seates sould w'*in the yeare of this } iiijs. ij4. accompt as by a bill appeareth Guifts Item they yeeld accompt of viij‘ received as a guift gyven towards the repacons of abe the Church this yeare by Robte Sheppard | rs baker and Arthur Snooke Item they yeeld accompt of vij®. x4. for Ixxxx iiij!i of led sold this yeare and xxij@ for xxij!' of old Iron sold at ij seu’all times this yeare as by a bill appeareth Sm* to's Kisses tt OP theiniehinres} xiij". ijs. ob. whereof These accomptants crave to be allowed of ix'!, xvjs. vij4. ob laied out by them win the time of this accompte for the repacons } ix". xvj’. vij4. ob. of the Church and other necessaries for the same Alsoe they crave allowance of xxiiij:. ij*. ob which they have laied out w'"in the time of this accompt, viz: to the Clarke of the markett viij*. To the Kings mayned souldiers and the gayle for this laste quarter ended ‘iii®, 114. ob at our Ladie Daie last ix*. vj" ob, and to st Oo Willm Sanders pish Clarke for one quarters wages to him due & behinde in the yeare of Symon Crouch Church warden, in all Sm* to's of ) their allowance | And soe they owe xlj*. ij’. ob w*" doth depend uppon Dyvers of the inhabitants for money uncollected in the time of Symon Churchwarden iiij’. x*. viz. Willm Chafin thelder gent xviij*. Steven Barnes iiij’, Thomas Allen iiij4. Nicholas Andrewes iiij*. x4. viij’. Thomas Turner iiij’. Willm Payne viij4. Willm Panter iiij’. John Bursie iiij*. Thomas Panter iiij*. Dyvers others of the inhabitants for more yet unpaied joa iiij’. ix’. viij4. xj. x4. as appeareth pticulerlie in a booke of rates made and at this accompt seene & examyned 250 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Uppon the Accomptants themselves xj. ob/ There remayneth yet in the Churchwardens hands of y° Church Church goods ij Crocks a Comunion Cupp of silver and goods/ a silver plate and fower board clothes And this daie Christofer Dowding and John Cowley are elected waywardens and James King alsoe for this yeare to come/. There is remayning in the pishioners hands money given to the use of the poore xiij". x°. viz: in the hands of Thomas Chafin gent iij'' in the hands of John Watts iij'. in the hands of Leonard Snooke iij'. in the hands of Lawrence Wise iij!. and in the hands of Willm Longyer xxx". Meere The Second accompt of Robte Coward 1603 and George Abbott Churchwards there for one yeare ended this daie being Easter mundaie the ffyve and twentith daie of Aprill Anno Regis Jacobi et primo / 1603. Arerages/. Inprms they yeeld an accompt of iiij®. x*. depending uppon the foote of the last accompt unpaied by dyvers of the pishioners ther and ia or was unpaied in the time of Symon Crouch Churchwarden there. Item they yeeld accompt of xxv‘. iiij? depend ing likewise uppon the foote of the said last E onaecdl accompt unpaied by diu’s of the pishioners planes Ee and was unpaied in these accomptants time Goods sould none/. Booke of Item they doe yeeld accompt of viij' v*. v4. rates gathered by them by a booke of rates charged Pe ee uppon the pishioners this yeare past 1602 Bao Sai: as by the same booke pEERIEHL. Legasies/. Item they yeeld an accompt of xij’. given as a Legasie to the Church this yeare by } xij. Robte Hewit deceased ffuneralls none/. Seates Item they yeeld an accompt for ij*. ij*. for sould. seates sould in the Chureh this yeare viz: Of George Abbott for a seate for himself vi": Of Roger Wilton for a seate for his wife vj‘. ij’. ij4. Of Thomas Sangar for a seate for his wife vi° ‘ Of Willm Hewitt for a seate for himself iiij*. Of Mathew Young for a seate for his wife iiij¢. Guifts none Sm* to's fees of their Charge }x ix’, ixt/ ob. Allowances/. Whereof these Accompiants crave allowance of xlix®, iiij’, ob. by them laied out : at seu’all times for bread and wine for seu’all} xlix®. iiij*. ob. Comunions wthin the time of this accompt as by a Bill seene and examyned appeareth Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 251 Item they crave allowance for money by them laied out about the reparacons of the Church and other necessarie uses thereunto be- - xxvj*. iiij*. ob. longing as by a Bill thereof seene and allowed appeareth PSG Ke Item more by them laied out w'thin the time) of this accompt as by a bill alsoe appeareth } Sm* to's of | ; their allowance | And soe is due uppon this accompt xxxix’. iiij‘. ob. w*" doth depend. uppon diu’s of the inhabitants for money uncol- lected in the time of Simon Crouch Churchwarden viz: uppon Willm Chafin thelder gen’ xviij*. (since that time paied) uppon Steven Baron iiij*. Tho: iiij®. x4. Allen iiij*. Nicholas Andrewes viij’. Tho: Turner iiij*. Wm. Paine viij’. Wm. Panter iiij’. Tho: Panter iiij’. Jo : Bursy iiij*. Uppon Other of the inhabitants for money uncollected | XXVIIjJ°. iiij!, xiiij®, viij’. viij. x*. v4. w'tin the time of this accomptants charge as by a bill appeareth And uppon the Accomptants themselves. vj‘. vj4. ob. Some of the arrerages is 39°. 44, ob. as before./. Memord at this daie are chosen new Churchwardens for two yeares now next ensueing, John Clement and John Cowley, and the said John Cowley hath nowe received of Robte Coward and George Abbott the said some of vj‘. vj4. ob. And there remaineth in the Churchwardens hands ij Crocks, 2 Comunon cup of silver, a silver plate and iiij board Clothes/. Memord at this daie are alsoe chosen for waywardens Thomas Hawker and Robte Sheppard baker/. There is remayning in the pishioners hands. money given to the use of the poore xiij". x*. viz: in the hands of Thomas Chafin gen’ iij' in the hands aerrp of John Watts butcher iij®. in the hands of Leonard [ *" - *- Snooke iij''. in the hands of Lawrance Wise iij!. | in thands of Willm Longyer xxx*. Use money Memord there is paied this daie by John Watts for paied the use of iij' for one yeare now ended vj. . And by the Said Willm Longyer for the use of xxx’. for iij quarters of a yeare ended at our Ladie Daie last ij*. iiij*, w™ is all deliu’ed unto George Abbott now chosen one of the Ou’seers for the poore/. Anorder Memord it is agreed at this daie that everie of for the the said pties having the Stock of the poore in Poore Stocke. their hands shall forthw‘h give sufficcent band and securitie for the paym*. of the said Stock at the next Church reckonyng/: 252 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. An order for Memord. there remayneth in the hands of those that did Robt Coward and George Abbott two bills not paie their of the names of diu’s of the pish w* have rates to the not paied their tax’acon, amounting to the Church/. some of xxviij’. w°" bills they are to bring in againe at the next Church reconing. And in the meane time to gather the said xxviij*. or otherwise to cause the pties refusing their names to be p’sented before the officiall for their contempt. Meere Thaccompte of John Clement and John 1604 Cowley Churchwardens there for one yeare ended this daie being Easter mundaie the ix' of Aprill 1604 An°. Rgs. Jacobi secundo Arerages/. Inprms the arrerages due uppon the oeirocs feats of the last accompt } xxix", iiij®. ob Item they are to be further charged w'" diu’s The Booke somes of money appointed to be received by of Rates them uppon the Booke of rates made fore this yeare ended at the daie of this accompt 1604 as by the same Booke appeareth w* amount eth in the whole Goods Item they are to be charged w' ix*. for an old ) igty ays WEIS sould. Clipper of the greate bell sould for j*. pr the powndj ax. Item they are to be charged for diu’s seates ) Seates sould by them viz: to Thomas Lawrannce the sould/. seate of Edward Dick for vj*. Of John Hiscok for a seate iiij4. OfThomas Stower for a seate vjt. + ij’. viij’. Of Willm Browne for a seate iiij4, Of Thomas Hendie for his ffathers seate vj*. Of John Bishopp for Muncks seate vj‘. in all Item they are to be charged w"" iiij*. iiij*. given Legasies this yeare in Legacies to the Church viz: by Edward Dicks iij*. iiij4. and by Sit Hugh Portmans men twelve pence in all More w" xij‘ given by Mr. Xpofer Dirdo | iiij*. iiij4, for a benevolence, and w'' xij*. given in ij’. Legasie by Phillip Hendie to the Churche Sm? to** of their charge is xj. xix’. xj’. ob. Whereof Allowances These accomptants praieth to be allowed of Dyvers somes of money by them Disbursed wthin the time of this accompt }xj!. iiij® viij*. as by a Bill of pticulers seene and examined playnlie appeareth Item they praieth to be allowed of vij’. iij* imposed uppon diu’s psons, and by reson of their disabilities not te be levied and therefore discharged vij*. ij’. Sup. Surpls Transcribed by T. H. Baker. More they are to be discharged of xj ij’. pceell of the arrerags of xxxix®. iiij’, ob w* said xj*. ij". was to be gathered by Robt. Coward and George Abbott, and by the disabilities of the psons that owed the same and therefore not he levied More to be discharged of iij’. iiij4 peell of iiij*. x". being pcell of the former arrerags and set in sup uppon diu’s psons in the last accompt as men unable to pay: viz uppon Steven Baron iiij4. Thomas Allen iiij‘. Nicholas Andrewes viij*. Thomas Turner Willm Paine viij*, Willm Panter iiij*. Thomas Panter iiij’. and John Bursey iiij*. Item they crave to be allowed of x®. x4. w‘" these accomptants paid over to George Abbott and Robte Coward Churchwardens the last yeare, as soe much money by them laied forth for the maymed souldiers and Hospitalls due at our Ladie Daie 1603 Item they crave to be allowed of vij’. x?. as soe much money resting in sup uppon diu’s 253 xj*. ij*. ij’. iiij2, iiij2. ae oa psons, and the saide was pcell of the xxviij’. arrerags due uppon the accompt of George Abbott and Robt Coward viz: uppon Thomas Bowles iiij*. the widdowe Bowrne iiij*. John > vij’. x4. Chislett iiij4, Henry Pride, iiij4. Xpofer Dowding,vj!. Willm Gyldon of Seales viij4. Meer pke ijs. Thomas Perry ij. Meer pke ij’. Thomas Perry ij*. Richard Sangar iiij*. widdow Bowrne iiij*. Henry Pride iiij*. in all Sma tot. of Veseaiigi) et se the allowance is j xii". vi, 1. And soe These Accomptants have laied out more then they have received There is at this time in the pishioners hands | xxv j*. ob. money given to the use of the poore viz: in the hands of Tho: Chafin gen’ iij. in the hand Ss of John Watts butcher iij. of Leonard Snooke xviij,_ x’. Dier iij. of Lawrance Wise Clothier iij'i of Willm Longyer xxx’. and in the hands of Xpofer Awbrey gen’ vii, in all There are chosen this daie Thomas Alford Waywardens miller and John Watts are chosen waywa Church- wardens/. for this yeare to come/. John Clement haveing remayned one yeare in the office of Churchwarden, doth refuse rdens to contynewe longer, And therefore Thomas ffoster is chosen in his place w* John Cowley to be Churchwardens for the yeare to com/. 254 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Meere Thaccompt of Thomas ffoster and John oe Th yn? 1605 Cowley Churchwardens there for one yeare ended this Easter mundaie the first of Aprill 1605 . being the daie of this accompt / as followeth/. Inprms they charge themselves with iiij, v*. vj’. charged uppon dyvers of the Inhabitants there as by the Booke of Rates made thereof pticulerlie appeareth Item they are charged w'" vij’. x4. depending in sup uppon some of the inhabitants as by vij®. x’. the last accompte appeareth Goods Item they charge themselves wth iiijs. w™ | iiij". v¥. vj". sold they have made of an old bell clipper sould iiij’. to Tho: Moone smith Legasies Item they charge themselves wth vj*. viij*. given by Richard Hill deceased towards } vj. viij’. the repacon of the Church Item they charge themselves alsoe w'* xiijé. ffunerals/. _iiij*. for the buriall of Richard Hill and John Goddard wthin the pish Church of Meere Item they charge themselves w" vij*. ij*. for ) Seates seates by them sould this yeare in the | xiij®. iiij’. solde/. Church viz: of Willm Jaques for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of Thomas ffoster for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of George Bradley for his wives seate iiij‘. Of John Cowley for his wives seate iiij4. Of John Clement for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of John Browne for a seate for his wife iiij’. Of Richard Sangar for a seate for his wife iiij4, Of John Gybbens for a seate for his wife iiij4, Of Richard Cox for a seate cee for his wife iiij4., Of Willm Bowrne for a seate for - ¢vij’.ij°. himself iiij’. Of Richard Sandell for a seate for himself iiij’. Of Richard Cox fora seate for himself iiij*. Of the widdow Kirby for her seate iiijt. Of Randulph Harding for his wives seate iiij*. | Of Robt King for his wives seate iiij*. Of Thomas Rogers for his wives seate iiij’, Of Willm Bowrne for his wyves seate iiij’. Of Willm Gildon for his wives seate iiij’. Of Tho: Togood for a seate late John Doggrells vj’. Of the same Tho: Togood for a seate for his wife iiij’. Of Willm Bemyng for his wives seate Guifts none/. Item they charge themselves wth xv". vj°. } Ge made this yeare by the Churchwardens of xvi, yj*. the pish Ale over and above all charges Sm* to of their charge is The accomptants Crave allowance of xix", xvij’. viij4. laied by them w'"in the time jie xvij®. viij*. of this accompt as by a bill pticulerlie appeareth | xxjl vij®. vj. whereof Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 255 Item they crave allowannce alsoe of vij’. ij*. intel out by them for a Communion Booke Item they crave alsoe to be allowed of vijs. x4. before charged for that the same was allowed uppon the last yeares accompt although by vij®. x4. the title it seemed the same did hang in sup uppon diu’s of the inhabitants. Sm* to" of their allowance Soe they owe xiiij*. x?. w*" doth depend/. Diu’s of the pishioners as money by them yet not received being charged uppon the Churche booke for this yeares colleccon viz: James Birt ij4. Robte fforward weaver ij. Agnes Dick widdow iij4, Christofer Hunt ij*. Henrie Pride ij*. Randoll Uppon/. Lambert iij4. George Sheppard iiij’. Elizabeth - viij®. x4. Whitchurch ij. Agnes Coward widdow iij‘. Hugh Compton ijt. Edward Pamer iij'. Edward Skryne ij". Edith Williams widdowe ij’. Joane Watts widdowe ij*. Thomas Arundell Esquio' v*. Thomas Barnard of Kingston xij4. Soe in all The Accomptants them selves j vj°. Waywardens Thomas Alford eaai vij'. ij, | xx! xij’. viij’. and Thomas Banisters Leonard Snooke and Churchwarde ns | Edward fforward Drap. There remaineth in the pishioners hands money The poores given to the use of the poore viz: in the hands of Tho: stock is Chafin gen. iij'' of John Watts iij'i. of Leonard Snooke 32", 6°, 84./. iij. of John Alford w*" was late in the hands of Lawrance Wise iij, Of Willm Longyer xxx*. Of Xpofer Awbrey gen vi, Of Tho: Turner x*. Of Willm Crumpe, given by Richard Hill to be paied at midsomer next xiij4. vj*. viij*. Memorand. there was xxx’. j4. ob. due to the Church wardens uppon the last yeares accompt as soe much money due to them by waie of surplusage, w**. uppon this accompt is not allowed unto John Cowley then Churchwarden./. Meere Thaccompt of Leonard Snooke and Edward 1606 fforward Churchwardens there for one yeare ended ‘on Easter mundaie last being the xxj of Aprill 1606/. Arerages/ Inprms the said Churchwardens are to be charged wth viij*. x*. depending uppon diu’s of the inhabitants of Meere, and wth vj*. uppon Thomas ffoster and John Cowley Churchwardens the last yeare. As by the foote of the last Aceompt appeareth in all Goods sould none. Legasies none xiiije, x4. 256 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. ffuneralls Item they charge them selves wth the burialls of Mrs. Elizabeth Chafin and of Ann Bower the wife of Mr. Willm Bower wthin the time of this Accompt xij’. iiij’. Seates Item they charge themselves w"". iiij’. w°" they have sould. received fot seates sould in the Church wthin the time of this accompt viz: To Thomas Bartlett for his ffathers seate vj*. Of Willm Hopkins for a seate for his wife vj*. Of Richard Sangar of his seate vj‘. Of Edward fforward for a seate for his wife vj‘. iiij'. Of Arthur Snooke for his seate iiij’. Of Robte Gamlyn for a seate iiij4, Of John Watts of Seales for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of Joane Bradden for her seate iiij4, Of Katherine Higgens for a seate iiij’. and of Joane Whatley for a seate iiij’. In all Guifts none/. Item they charge themselves w'" xx! w*" they | The pish have made this yeare of the pish Ale over 584i Ale/. and above all charges J Sm*tot# )_. L li 378. 47d of their Charges | xxj''. xij’. ij4. whereof These accomptants crave allowance of xiiij®. x‘. unde uppon Thomas ffoster and John Allowances Cowley the late Churchwardens vj*. and uppon xiiij®. x4. Dyvers others psons viij®. x“. as in the last accompte appeareth. Item they crave allowance for moneyes by them disbursed wthin the time of this accompt as by two bills of the pticulers } xxiij!¥. iiij’. xj*. ob. thereof seene, examnyed and allowed uppon the takeing of this accompt Sm* tot of at ey their allowance ig fi ay) Surpls. And soe there resteth due in surplusage Sep teleay to the said Accompts | xlvij . vij*, ob/. Memorand, that the next Churchwardens are to be charged wth the xiiij’. x‘. above allowed to these accompts. ffor the collecction xilij*. x". whereof a Bill of pticulers is delivered unto them at the takeing of this aceompt At this daie Henry ffoster is chosen Lord of the pish Ale, and John fforward the sonne of John fforward of Lympshill is chosen Prince for this yeare to come. Way Wardens/. John Clement and John Pawdie are chosen Waywardens for the yeare to come/. Churchwardens At this daie George Bradley clothier and Thomas Crouch butcher are chosen Church wardens for the yeare to come/. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. Due by M". Christofer Awbrey for the use of v'', ffor one yeare ended on Easter use money wmundaie the xxj of Apprill 1606 . for the stock and. by him paied. of the poore/. Due by John Watts for the use of $y for one yeare then ended Due by Leonard Snooke for the use of \ iij'', for one yeare then ended Due by John Alford wheeler for the use of iij!' for one yeare then ended Due by Mr. Thomas Chafin for the use of iij'i for one yeare then ended Due by Willm Longyer for the use of xxx*, for one yeare then ended \ Due by Thomas Turner for the use of x*, for one yeare then ended \ Due by Willm Crumpe for the use of xiij". vj*. viij*. for one yeare to be pued| at midsomer next. Meere ‘Thaccompt of George Bradley and Thomas 1607. Crouch Churchwardens there for one yeare vj°. pd. iij*. xij¢. xxvjé. viij*. ended this Easter mundaie being the vjth of Aprill 1607. Arrerags Arrerages due uppon the last yeares accompt none/. nothing. But there remayned due to the then | Churchwardens as a surplushage xlvij’. vij*. ob. Goods The said accompts yeeld accompt of xiij*. for) sould/. old led by them sould this yeare j Legasies Item they charge themselves wth ij’. given by James King deceased and x*. given by| Robte Williams, in all ffuneralls Item they charge themselves wth xiijs. iiij*. for the buriall of James Morren and Mrs | Jane Sherrast wthin the pish Church Seates Item they charge themselves w' v*. w*" they sould/. have received for seates sould in the time of this accompt viz: Of John fforward of Woodland for his mothers seate iiij*. Of Charles Cox for a seate vj". Of Henry Glover for a seate for his wife iiij*. Of Thomas Watts for a seate for his wife vj*. Of Thomas Cowley for a seate vj*. Of John Gardner for a seate for his wife iiij*. Of Randulph Gately for a seate iij’. Of Willm Cam for a seate iij’. Of gent for a seate for himself his wife and children and for a forme in the Ile before the same seate xij’. Of George Bradley for a seate w°" was James Kings seate vj‘. in all Item they charge themselves w'® xxiij'!. vj*. viij’, Ale/. over and above all charges | | James Boles for a seate vj’. Of James Martin nothinge xiij’. xij’. xij’, iii’. ve. | | J The pish w*" they have made this yeare of the pish Ale px vj*. viij*. Sm# to'* of \ li Ss charge is pxxv . x. whereof 258 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Allowanes/. These accomptants crave allowance of xxviij'. xix’. x4. for money by them disbursed wthin the time of this accompt as by a bill of — }xxviij".xix®.x4, pticulers thereof made seene examyned and al- lowed uppon the taking of this accompt appeareth Item they crave allowance alsoe xxx‘. w*" they have paied to Edward fforward one of the last - yenmee Churchwardens in pte of paymt of xlvij°. ay vij?. ob. due in surplushage to him uppon his accompt Sm* to* of = xxxii, ix. x4, their allowance Soe there is due to these Accomptants iiij. xix®. x*. Wolston ffoster and Thomas Banister are Churchwardens/. at this daie elected and chosen Church wardens for this yeare to come./. Lord & Prince/. John fforward that was Prince the last yeare for the ale/. to be Lord for this yeare to come, and John Crumpe the sonne of Willm Crumpe to be prince Way Wardens/. Willm Hewitt Thomas Cowley and John Crumpe are chosen waywardens for this yeare to come). Overseers of Willm Guyre of Seales and Willm the poore. Stevens of Meere towne are chosen Overseers of the poore for this yeare to come/. Meere Thaccompt of Thomas Banister and 1608 Wolston ffoster Churchwardens for one yeare ended this Easter mundaie being the xxviijth daie of March 1608). Arrerages none/. Goods sould none. Legasies. Inprms they charge themselves w'® xx*. given by Hugh Launder deceased towards the releefe of the poore by the discrecon of the inhabitants. ffuneralls Item they charge themselves w' vj°. ‘na Kee for the buriall of Margaret Martin wthin the pish Church of Meere Seates Item they charge themselves w*" iij*, for seates soulde - by them soulde wthin the time of this accompt viz: Of Richard Sandell for a seat iiij*. Of Margaret Collens for a seate for his wife ait". Of Thomas ffoster for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of Xpofer Yeatman for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of iij’. George Barbar for a seate for his wife iiij’. Of Andrew White for a seate for his wife iiij4. Of John Chislett for a seate for his wife iiij’. Of Jonas Vicarie for a seate for his wife iiij*. Of Mr. Thomas Chafin for a seate for himself iiij*.$ vj’. viij?. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. — 259 Ale w'" they have made of the pish Ale over and The pish Item they charge themselves w'? xxj. v’, vj%. Li } xxj!, vs. vjt. above all charges ae een xxij'; xv*. ij4. whereof Allowances ‘These accompt'nts crave allowance of xviij!, xxij*. ob. by them laied out win the time . of this accompte as appeareth bie a bill of XViij ".xxij.ob. pticulers seene and examyned and allowed appeareth sees And it is alsoe agreed that the said accomptants shall pay to Edward fforward w‘* was due to him in the foote of his accompt besides xxxvij*. vij*. ob. allreadie paied him f They owe iiij!. iijs. iij*. ob. x*, and soe King deceased w“ hee gave to the Church and paied this daie to these accomptants And soe they owe iiij'!. viij’. iij4. ob. More they owe for a legasie given by James } Church- Roger Wilton and Thomas fforward are at this daie Wardens _ elected and chosen Churchwardens for this yeare to come. Way Wardens John Coward George Crabbe and John Tovye of Wolverton are waywardens for this yeare to come Ou’seers of John Watts and Thomas fforward are overseers the poore/. of the poore for the yeare to come/. Memorand that the third daie of Aprill 1608 uppon ending of o° Church accompts there was paied untoWillm Stevens andWillm Guyre Collectors and Distributors for the reliefe of the poore by M' Xpofer Awbrey x John Watts vj°- : John Alford vj’. } being use money /xxxiij*. Leonard Snooke vjé. Thomas Lucas vs. rest unpaid By Mr:. Thomas Chafin) Sait for two yeares y- Thomas Turner for | jis being alsoe two yeares: Ys fuse money Willm Longyer for Vip two yeares J \ svi. whereof paied by Mt Thomas Chafin for one yeare vj®. and vj§. due for one yeare is forgiven him because hee hath received into his service Dorathie Panter a fatherlesse and poore childe to pvide her some clothes./. And the Collectors afore said have received xxxix®: wceh they arto accompt for unto M'. Harrison/. . 260 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Memord. that at this daie it is ordered by the consent of the pishioners that if anie man wthin this pish rated or to be rated to paie to the repacons of the Church, shall at anie heareafter refuse or make delaie for payment thereof uppon demaunde by such as are appointed for the receite or colleccons of the same, Then the same Collectors or receivers to srtifie their names to M'. Harrison and hee to certifie the same unto the Parritor that they may be enforced to pay the same by the Ecclesiasticall lawes. Meere Thaccompt of Thomas fforward and Roger 1609 Wilton Churchwardens there for one yeare ended this Easter mundaie being the xvij'" of Aprill 1609./. Arrerages Inprms they are charged wth fower powndes eight shillings and three pence halfe penny depending uppon the foote of the accompt of }iiij'. viijs. iij’. ob. Wolston ffoster and Thomas Banister for the last yeare then Churchwardens. Goods sold none/. Legasies Item they charge them selves w"". iij’. iiij*. given by Leonard Cowley, w'" xviij*. given by John fforward the sonne of John fforward of viijs. iiij*. Lympshill w" xij’. given by Willm Kendoll deceased w". ij*. vj*. given by Robt Joyce, in all Seates Item they charge themselves w" ij’. iiij’. which sold they have received for seates sold w'"in the time of this accompt. viz. To Randoll Gatelie for a seate for his wife iiij*. John Cowley for his fathers seate vj. Of Willm Kendoll for a seate ij’. iiij*. for himself vj4. Of Willm James for a seate for his wife vj*. and of Christofer fforward for a seate for his wife late the seate of the said Willm Kendoll’s wife deceased The pish Item they charge themselves wt. x! vijs. v".) Ale/. w°" they made by keeping of a pish Ale xi, vaj*. v4. this yeare over and above all charges J ffuneralls Item they charge themselves w'" vj°. viij*. for the buriall of Margarett Coward the wife of John Coward and vj. viij*. for the xiij®. iiij*, buriall of Richard Joyce both wthin the Church of Meere ee ea xvii, xix, viij’, ob. whereof to) Allowance/. These accompt*nts crave allowance of a xj!‘ xvj*. ix’. ob. by them laied out w in the time of this accompt as appeareth by a bill of pticulers exemyned and allowed xj, xvjs. ix4, ob. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 261 Meere Thaccompt of Wolston Illing and 1610 Willm Hewitt Churchwarden there for one whole yeare ended this Easter mundaie being the ixth of Aprill Anno Dni 1610./. Arrerages Inpmis they charge them selves w'" xxxiiij®. ij? ob. depending uppon , the foote of the laste yeares accompt Xxxiilj®. ij4. ob. of Thomas fforward and Roger Wilton the laste yeares Churchwardens Item they charge them selves more w" a vj’. paied over unto them by John Cowly pcell of xiiij’. x’. due by him and Thomas ffoster late Churchwardens as appeareth by their accompt Item they charge themselves more wt" xviijs. iij4. ob weh they have received of Wolston ffoster and Thomas Banister w‘" was allowed uppon the XViij®. iij. ob. last yeares accompt and sithence paied unto the said accompts Item they charge themselves more wth viij* x“. depending in sup uppon diu’s of the inhabitants as appeareth by the accompt of Thomas ffoster viij®. x4. and John Cowley made in Anno Dni 1605 and yet unpaied Goods sould none/ Legasies none/. ffuneralls none/. Item they yeeld accompt of v*. w‘" they have Seates made of seates sould in the Church w'"in the sould time of this accompt viz: Of Thomas Doggrell for Wolston ffosters seate vj4. Of Charles Cox for a seate for his wife late George Bradlies wives seate iiij4. Of John Barnes for a seate for his wife late Thomas Stowers wives seate vj‘. Of John Tovy of Seales for a seate for himself late Thomas Stowers seate vj. Of the said John Tovy for a seate for his wife late Dorathy Gamlings vj*.. Of Grace Yates for her mothers seate iiij4. Of John Underwood for a seate for himself in the Belfry iiij*, Of Barnaby Allen for a seate for him self uppon a forme in the middle walke in the Church ij*. Of Richard Smyth for a seate for him self in the same place ij4. Of Robt Thick for a seate for himself late the seate of Thomas ffosters wieffe iiij’. Of Henrie Browne for a seate for himself late his ffathers seate and for a seate for his wife late his mothers seate for both viij‘. of Thomas ffrier for a seate for himself late Robte Gamlin’s seate iiij*. Of the same Lo. eee erecta < o Seates Thomas ffrier for a seate for his wife late sould Margaret Gybbins seate iiij?. in all Ringing Item they charge themselves wth ij’ given by on Isaack Gibbes for the Ringing of his wives knell ig VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. ES) 262 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. ale/. have made by keeping of a pish ale this yeare vi, over and above all charges Sm* to" of theire charge is in all The Church Item they charge them selves wth v'. weh vf viij'. xiiij®. iiij4, whereof These accomptnts crave allowance of vij'’. xvj*. xj‘. by them laied out wthin the time | (sj Joss yaa Allowanes _ of this accompt as appeareth by a bill of pticulers ke Be as seene and examyned Item they crave allowance of viij’. x*. depending uppon dyvers of the inhabitants yet unpaied for and towards the repacons of the Church and before charged in this accompt viz: uppon James Birt fee Robte fforward weaver j’. Agnes Dick widdow iij*. Xpofer Hunt ij’. Henrie Pride ij‘. Randoll Lambert iij¢. George Sheppard iiij*. Eliza Whitchurch ris Agnes Coward widdow iij’. Hugh Compton ij’. Edward Pamer iij’, Edward Skreene ij’. Edith Williams widdowe ij*. John Watts widdow ij*. Thomas Lord Arundell v'. Thomas Barnard of Kingston xij’. in all Sm*. to of ) Fiqhi 8 jyd their allowance } viij'. v’. ix’, And viij®. x’. Soo they owe viijs. vij*. Overseers of At this daie Edward fforward and Thomas Cowley the poore/. are chosen to be overseers of the poore for this yeare to come. Way Wardens Randoll Lambert Robt Banister and Anthony Barfield are chosen waywardens for this yeare to come./ Meere Thaccompt of Thomas Chafin gent and 1611 Wolston Illing Church Wardens there for one yeare ended the xxvth daie of March being Easter mundaie Anno Rs Jacobi nono. 1611. Arrerages Inprms they charge themselves w'" viijs. vij? depending uppon the foote of the last yeares accompt of Wolston Illing and Willm Hewitt the last yeare’s Churchwardens Item they charge them selves w'” viij*. x*. depending } viij®. x4 viij®. vij*. uppon seu’all pishioners named in the last yeares accompt but not as yet paied to these accomptants Goods sould none./ Legacies Item they charge themselves w'" vj* viij*. given to the Church by Roger Wilton deceased uppon his will, and xij* by the last will of Thomas Lucas ffuneralls Item they charge themselves w' vj’. viij’. for the buriall of Mt. Thomas Awbreyes Daughter in the Church. _ vj’. viij*. for the buriall es of M'. Arthur Hartgill Child. vj’ viij*. for the buriall of Roger Wilton. in all vij’. viij’, Seates . sould Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 263 Item they yeeld an accompt of v° viij?. ) w‘" they have received for seates sould in | the Church viz: Of Thomas Chafin gent for Roger Wiltons seate vj’. Of Wolston Illing | for Willm Gildon’s seate vj’. Of Robt Banister for a seate for his wife late Grace Kings | seate vj*. Of Walter Alford for a seate for his | wife late Basell Alfords seate iiijt. Of Nicholas | Wilcox for a seate for his wife late Edith Saunders seate vj’. Of John Browne a seate for him r self late his ffathers seate iiij*, Of John Hewitte for his ffathers seate and for his mothers seate xij. Of Thomas Doggrell for his wife late the seate of Robte ffords wife vj*. Of John Hiscoke for his mothers seate for his wife iiij4. Of Edward Hendy for his mothers seate for his wife iiij. Of James | Lucas for his ffathers seate vj4. Of Willm Hewitt for to contynue his seate iiij®. Item they charge themselves w" xij‘. w*" they received id of Norton Baworth for ringing a Item they charge themselves wt v" received by them of Xpofer Segram and John Hannam } vi, for a Church ale made by them this yeare Item they charge themselves w'® xxxix". xiij’. iiij4 charged uppon the pishioners aforesaid for fower Seen yeares after the rate of ix. xviij:. iiij4. a yeare towards the repacons of the Church as appeareth by a book of rates seene and examyned xij’. iiij4, their charge | 21H". vt. 5% whereof of viijs. x*. charged before in this accompt upo seu’all psons and not received by these acomptants Item they crave allowance of ix". ijs. charged in the Book of rates uppon seu’all psons w'*in this pish and by these accomptants not received as appes by a byll deliu’ded ix, ij*, uppon by these accomptants dated this vij of Aprill 1611. and subscribed by the said Churchwardens Item the said Accomptants crave allowance of xxxviij''. xiiij*, ob by them laied out wthin the time of this accompt as appeareth by a bill of pticulers seene & examyned Item they crave allowance of viij!. xxiij*. by them laied out within the time of this accompt as appeth by another byll dated this vij of Aprill and seene and examyned Item more allowed unto them ij’. vj. by them laied unto Willm Harding for fyve daies worke } These accompt*nts crave allowance viij’. x4, XxxViij". xiiij*. ob. viij'’. xxiij’, ij’. vj. Sm* to" of ye tg ie ee their allowances | Ivit, xvj*. vi. ob. 264 The Churchwardens Accounts of Mere. And soe the said Accomptants have laied out more then they have received wthin the tine viij!', xj®. iiij*. ob. of this accompt At this daie Robte Coward and Leonard Snooke Church are chosen Churchwardens for this rear | Chueh Wardens Wardens to come/. At this daie Thomas Hewitt John Guyre Way and Thomas fforward of Meere are now \ Way Wardens Wardens/. chosen Waywardens for this yeare to come Meere The accompt of Robte Coward and Leonard 1612 Snooke Churchwardens there for one yeare ended the said xiij'" of Aprill being Easter mundaie/1612/. Arerages this yeare none/. Goods sould this yeare none/. Inprms they charge themselves w' iij*. iiij¢. Diecentsesent Legasies given to the Church by Cutbert Curtice deceased = j " my Item they charge themselves with vj§. viij*. for ffuneralls the buriall of Agnes the wife of Richard Gyldon vj*. viij*. for the buriall of Thomas Alford the elder, and vj‘. viij*. for the buriall xx of Mr. Nicholas Watts child in the pish Church of Meere Seates Item they yeeld an accompt of iiij*. for seates ) sould sould by them in the Church viz. Of John Lander for a seate late Willm Giddons yj*. Of Tho: ffoster for a seate for himself late Thomas Alfords vj". Of Robte Sheppard baker for a seate for his wife late Marie Comptons seate | vi". Of Richard Swift for a seate for his wife | late Marie Cowards seate iiij*. Of James Morren | for a seate for his wife late Dorathy Dickes soon seate iiij’. Of Randoll Guyre for his mothers b iiij*. seate for his wife iiij?, Of Richard Meatyard for a seate for himself late John Newmans iiij‘. | Of John Snooke for a seate for himself late Richard Jonsons seate vj’. Of Willm Bowrn for a seate for himself late Thomas Lawrance seate iiij’. Of John Lawnder Thatcher ffor a seate for his wife late Marye Burts seate iiij’. in all. J Item they charge themselves w" xviij'. xiiij‘ The pish weh they have made of the pish ale over & above ; xviij!'. xiiij*. ale all charges this yeare Sim tots of their charge These accompt'nts crave to be allowed for monies by them laied out as appeareth by a; xv". xj’. v4. ob. bill of pticulers seene and examyned And soe thes Accomptants owe iij!. xvij®. ob. xix, viij’. vj’. whereof Interest money paied at this time for the stock of the poore viz: Of Leonard Snooke for the use of iij'. a yeare vj'. Transcribed by 7’. H. Baker. 265 Of Thomas Lewis for the use of xx*. for one yeare rt Of John Watts for the use of iij!' a yeare vj". Of Willm Longyer for the use of xxx‘. for) three quarters of a yeare j ij’. iij*. Of John Alford for the use of iij" a yeare vj. Of M'. Tho: Chafin for the use of iij'. a yeare vj’. Of Michaell Lanyng for the use of x‘. one yeare xij’. Of M'. Christofer Awbrey for the use of v". xe Sm is xxxix*. iii’. w". was paied this daie being _ the xiijth of Aprill 1612. to George Crabbe and John Snooke overseers of the poore to be by them distributed to the poore. Memornd there is due this daie xij“. by Thomas) Turner for the use of x*. for one yeare j There is more paied this daie to the said Overseers’ ) by Catherine Lucas for the use of flifty shillings | xij vs. Churchwardens chosen ) Xpoter fforward for this yeare to comes Willm Stevens for this yeare to come} Willm Chislett Way Wardens chosen wi Eatman Willm Cam Meere Thaccompt of Christofer fforward and 1613 Willm Stevens Churchwardens there for one yeare ended the vth of Aprill 1613/. Arrerages Inprims they charges themselves w'® liij’. viij*. ob being the arrerages of the last jar viij? ob. yeares accompt Goods sould this yeare none Legasies this yeare none/. ffuneralls Itm they charge themselves w' xiij*. iiij’. for the buriall of Lawrance Cox and Marie sar Meee oc the wife of Wolston ffoster wthin the Church SS ee of Meere Seats sould Item they charge themselves w'h iij’. vj. for viij seates sould by them in the Church to dyvers psons wthin the time of this accompt viz: Of Wilm Jakques for a seate for his wife late her mothers seate vj’. Of the widdow Bellman for her mothers seate iiij*. Of James Morren for George Abbotts seate vj’. Of Robte Banister for Lawrance | iij*. vj%. Coxes seate vj". Of Isaack Eaton for a seate for his wife late John Chisletts seate vj". Of Willm Alford a seate for his wife late widdowe Reades seate iiiit. Of Edward Gibbes for a seate for his wife late John Newmans wives seate vj’. Of John Underwood for a seat for his wife late Marie Sheppards widdowe J 266 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Item they charge themselves wt? xxj!'. v*, for The pish ale the pfitts of the Church ale made by them wthin the time of this accompt over and above all charges Sm* to’ of their charge xxjl. vs, xxiiij'!. xv°. vj". ob whereof These accomptants crave allowance of xij}. ij’. xj4/. ob by them laid out by them as|_..; «:, +a by a bill of pticulers tj ao aes seene and examyned And soe they owe xij!. xj’. vij*. w’ doth depend Uppon Leonard Snooke and Robt Coward the churchwardens the last yeare due by them as appeth in the foote of their accompt and not yet paied over to the nowe accomptants liijs. viij¢. ob. Uppon the Accomptants themselves ixtty xvjs.e x2. OD. Overseers | At this daie Jesp Coward and Willm of the poore| Clement are chosen overseers of the poore for this year to come Way Wardens this yeare chosen w'® consent Christofer Toogood Nichollas Smart Willm Guyre/. Church Wardens for this yeare to come Thomas fforward John Lander Interest money paied to the use of the poore at this Impmis of Mr. Christofer Awbrey for The use of fyve pownds for a yeare Of Willm Hewitt for the use of vjl. x*. xij’. Of Leonard Snooke for the use of iij'i. vj*. Of Thomas Lewis for the use of xx. ij’. Of John Alford for the use of iij!. vj*. Meere. The Accompt of John Lander and Thomas 1614. fforward Churchwardens there for one whole yeare ended the xxv'" daie of Aprill being Easter munday 1614 (as followeth). Arrerags Inprims they Charge themselves ! at gan cand w'> xij}, xj%. vij". being arrerages behind } mY + Ae Goods sold none: Legasies gyven Item they charge themselves w' xx°. | this yeare given towards the repacon of the Church ROE by M's Dodington Deceased if ffunerals/. received of Thexecutors of John Coward Item they charge themselves w'" yj}. vari} for that hee was buried in the Church Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 267 Seates sold. Item they charge themselves w'” x*, x‘. 7) for xxvij seates sold to dyvers psons w''in the time of this accompt as followeth. Thomas | Yates seate sold to John King iiij4. Widdow Beaslies seate sold to Richard Rawlings wife iiij«, Edward ffords seate sold to Thomas fford his sonne iiij’, Alice Gildons seate sold to Robt fforwards wife vj‘. Willm Chisletts seate solde to Richard Wotten vj*. John Cowards seate | sold to Robte Coward his sonne vj‘. Robte : Cowards seate sold to Willm Pawdy vj‘. John Alfords seate sold to Thomas Alford his brother vj’. John Cowards wives seate sold to Mr. Wm. Bowers wife vj. Tho: Barnards seat sold to Mr. Willm Bower vj‘. Randoll Harding for a Bench ij‘. Richard Gildons seate sold to Thomas fforward vj. Richard Gildons wives seate sold to Thomas fforwards wife vj‘. Widdow Bartletts seat sold to Thomas Bartletts wife vj". Robte Wallis for a Bench at his owne charge, ij’. Robte fforwards seate sold to John Hiscock iiij*. Johan Bowrnes seat sold to Elizabeth Stayner vj*. Michaell | Gamlings seat sold to Willm Clement 4". Alice Clements seat sold to Willm Clements wife vj“. John Longyers wives seat sold to John Watts for his wife iiij’. John | Brownes seate sold to Wlilm Chislett iiij*. Thomas Alfords seate sold to Willm Jaques iiij’. Jone Balls seate sold to Willm Bowrnes wife iiij*. Thomas Balles | wives seate sold to James Hardings wife iiij'. Michaell Gamlins wives seate sold Joan Trimby, vj‘. Edward fforwards wyves seat sold to Robt Hiscoks wife iiij*. | e x sold to the wife of Eward fforward the seate of Joane fforward his mother in lawe for the w* shee paied but ij". because she left her seate to Robt Hiscocks wife J Item they charge themselves w' vii}. vij*. made by them of the profitts of the Church w'"in the time of this Accompt over and above all charges and deduccons Sm* totls of their charge is They crave allowance of xix". xij’. xj‘. ob. laied by them about the repacons of the Church and other necesaries as by a bill of pticulers heareafter followeth viz: Inprms paied to Willm Boles for stones) to pave the Church flore ) Item paied to Thomas Alford Cunstable for a Composicon made wth the Clark of the markett Item for oyle for the bells and a bell rope liye. vi. viij4, vij?. | exit ix*, viij’. whereof iii". xxiij*. Item for bread and wine for the Communion the) «.. J.-a second daie of May ia ee i Item gyven to ij poore men viij4, Item paied to Willm Boles for paveing x18. To M:. Harrison for making the Register book ij. 268 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. To M'. Hutchens for receyving the Register xij". To the Parriter for warning us fo the Couurt iiij*. To the Bedman for x Daies worke at y* Church vs. To John Wilkins for one Daies worke in Church Mit. To Christofer fforward for nailes to mend the wheeles “4 of the bell as ffor ij bushells of lyme about paveing the Church vii}. ffor the Carriage of iiij loade of sand xvj". To Willm Boles for his worke the 4'" of May — xviij®. vj°. ob. more paied to Willm Boles for worke viij’. To Willm Harding for vj days worke and halfe ij’. iij". ffor mending of the Churchyard wickett vj. To Pound for a rope for the great bell vj®. iiij’. To John Williams for mending the Church wicket vijf. To John Hannam for hookes for the wickett iij?. ffor a new rope for the third bell iiij’. iiij?. To the Plummer for his worke and wood x’. To Wolston Illing for mayned soldiers xv‘. ffor a Dynner at the Visitacon for the Churchwardens) and side men ffor writing the bill and articles ij’. To the Register for receyveing the bill avi pe To Richard Grafton paritot for his fee xij’. ffor Bread and wine the iij of October for) xij the Communion then To Thomas Alford for iij bushells and a gigal halfe of lyme F To Thomas Mores for a Daies worke about the Bells a4 ie To Willm Harding for a Daies worke vj’: ffor Bread and wine the fift of November xij*. ob. ffor a Gudgin for the great bell iiijs. ffor a new rope for the fowerth bell Mil] fo) oe ffor a sack of lyme xviij’. To John Hannam for mending the Clock ij’. To a poore man wae ffor mending the Clipper of the second bell and — oe ya makeing a new key a flor mending a strap and for nailes for the great bell yas ffor a hook and for nailes for the wickett iiij?. ffor new Tile to mend the south porch iiij. ffor carriage of the same tile xviij?. ffor laying the same tile ij’. x, To a poore man iij*. ffor Bread and wine on Christmas Daie iiij’. 3°. ob. ffor a new bell rope iijs. ij? To Thomas Moore for a Daies work xij’. To Willm Harding for his work the same day vj. To Walter Alford for mending the bell wheele ijt. To the Chawncelo's Clarke Linask | ij, vii. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 269 ffor the Churchwardens dinner there vj®. ix. ffor writing there vj. ffor bread and beere to make the Lord of Gillingham) and his companie Drink ) ffor bread and wine for the Communion the xxiiij of May __ ij’. j%. ffor paper and writing vi, ffor beere to make the sidemen drink vj. ffor Bread and wine for the Communion the iiij of nACe xij, ffor bread and wine the viij'® of August xij. ffor bread and wine the vth of September xiij4. To two poore men that had losse by sea xij’. fior hanging up of the great bell xij4. ffor mending the clock vij?. ffor two bawdricks for the bells to Wolston Illing iiij®. vj. ffor parchmt to make a Register booke viij*. Item for washing the Surplis and Table Cloth ij’. ffor oyle for the Clock and Bells xvj2. To Robte Banister wch hee paied to the Hee Clarke of the Markett in July last \ mle Paied to Robte Banister the xth of January xvij’. for the Goale and Hospital ffor Penticost money for one yeare vj. ffoe bread and wine for the Comunion the vjth P xiij?. of ffebruarie ffor charges at the Court at Saru’ the xxij bees of ffebruarie to the Sumner & Register \ Bes ffor the Churchwardens Dynner and horsemeat xxij4. To iij poore men that had great losse by fire in Ireland xij‘. To another poore man xijt. To another poore man that had losse by fire iiij’. Item for sawing of timber given by Mr. Awbrey iiij®. vj4. ffor carriage of ij loads of Timber from Chawdenwich a to the Church ake ffor bread and wine the vj of March xiij?. ffor bread and wine on Palme sundaie vj. xj. ffor bread and wine the sundaie before palm sunday KEK ffor bread and wine betweene palm sunday and Easter —x*. iiij*. ffor bread and wine on Easter Daie xij’. vjo. ffor writiing of our Bills vji. Sm totls of ) lj 115 sd their allowance | = - xij®. xj%. ob. And soe these Accompts owe lvjs. viij*. ob/ Churchwardens for the yeare Wolston ffoster t Tho: Banister © come Waywardens. Henry Welsh : Willm Hewitt Willm Olliffe 270 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Overseers i Thomas ffoster for the poore § Willm Kendoll Consideracon money received this xxv" of Aprill 1614 for the stock of the poore Off Willm Hewitt for vji. x‘. xij’. Off Christofer Awbrey for the som’of v'. xs, Off the widdow Alford the wife of John Alford Deceased for the lone of iij". weh said iij'i, is deliu’ed over by to Leonard Snooke Off Leonard Snooke for the lone of iij'. v}°. Off John Watts for iij'. vj*. Of Thomas Lewis for the lone of xx‘. ij’. Off Catherine Lucas for the lone of é fiiftie shillings baa Meere The accompte of Thomas Bannyster and Wolston 1615 ffoster Churchewardens of the parysh there ffor one whole yere ended the x" day of Aprill being Easter Monday. and the day of this accompt. in the yeres of the Reigne of oure Sou’aigne Lorde King James. That is to say. by Gods grace of England ffrance and Ireland. Defender of the fayeth ete the xiij'" and of Scotlande xlviij'* An°. Dne. 1615./ Arrer. Inp’mis they are charged w'® lvj*. viij4. ob. being the arrerage of the last yeres accompt joss viij’. ob. as in the foote of the same accompt appereth Legacyes Itm they charge themselves w'" iij®. iiij‘. geven by Augustyne Haytor deceased towards the } iij®. iiij? repacon of the Church there ffuneralls nulls Seates solde They charge themselves more w'" viij*. for too 4 seates solde by them within the tyme of this accompt. The one w* was the seate of Willm Chisselet deceased. solde to Robt ork Chisselet for iiij*. the other being a voyde seat was solde to Willm Alford for iiij*. in all Guyfts Itm there was geven this yere by Richard Warre esquire x]*. and Willm Cambe gent xiij*. And one tre was given by Willm Willoughby me of Silton esquire worth xl‘. and one tree liijs. worth x*. given by Xpofer Dirdo gent towards the repacon of the Church and the cage of the belles in all besides the trees Goods solde Item they charge themselves w'" xj*. ij’. made offone olde clapper x*. of the olde fframe wherein the xxij®. viijé. belles hanged and w'" xviij*. for one peece of olde tymber in all The booke Itm they charge themselves w'? xxxiij!'. vi]*. of Rates __iiij*. w*" they have and are to receave of diel pishon’s there as by a booke of Rates | appereth pticlerly xxxiij', vij’. iii’. Sup. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 271 Mots 4 gnc rite *| xl, jij. viij’. ob. Whereof PaydeWillm Willoughby of Selton esquire for timber {sgh of him for the newe making of the cage of hi the belles and other tymber worck in the tower Itm pd Tho. ffoster for one peece of tymber for the same purpose ca (ond pd Walter the joyner for halfe inch bords } viii? and for tymber to make standards for the wheels J: tie payde Cuthbt Taylor Smyth for iron worck and xi for makeing of a newe clapper for the great bell ; ea payed to George Wilcox for frameing and setting xiit up of the whole worck y. Itm for casting of fyve payre of brassys xls. Itm for fyve newe houpes one thousand of small ae and one hundred of sixpenny nayles Itm for iiijt’ newe bell ropes xx, Itm payde Robt Gatehouse and John Ball eae | ree cea for the Gayole and Hospital money las Item for breade and wyne for the Comunyon Saagy jis, 34 Whitesonday yey: Viij*. Itm for bread and wine the Kings holly Day xij’. Itm for breade and wyne xpias Day iiijs. ij4 Itm for mendeing of the clock and iron strapps viijd. Itm for newe makeing too boltes viijd. Itm for mendeing of the Hast wickett iiij4, Itm for oyle for the belles xvd, Itm for Mr. fforrybees supper coming to tune ) the belles } Itm for the lent of his horse w* he hired ij’. viijd. (Itm for breade and wyne for the Comunyon) v. itij’, j : xiiij4 ithe xj" of february ) y: Itm pd langley and Tracey for felling a Tree xij4, Itm payd James Tracey for a Days worck xijt, (Itm for breade and wyne for the Comunyon) a te ial Blaster y y j XxViij®. ij’, Itm pd for a sheete of pchement for the Regester viij’. Itm payed for weshing the surplesst ij’. Itm pd for Carrydge of Tymber xx®, Itm for the Regester xvij4. Itm for ingrossing the Regester xij? Itm pd to the Parrytor vj Itm pd to the Constable for the hospitall and Gayole xxvjs. vij*. ob, Sma To* allo? xxxvij!. xiiij’. iij4. ob. ss fe mR ane? vi, wt do depende ‘Thomas fforward and John lawnder church- wardens there the last yere being part of a xxvj*. viij, ob. viij’. ob due uppon the foote of theire ac- compte as by the same appereth 272 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Thomas Bannyster and Wolston ffoster accompt- antes for this yere Md. that this day being the xth of Aprill: 1615 and the day of the Church Reckony’ng there are chosen for this yere to com John fforward jun of Woodland) John Ball als Rogers } Ou’seers for the {Thomas fforde pore and John Bowyer xxijs. viij*. ob. Churchwardens Thomas Doggerell Way Wardens {wim Borne } Richard Metyarde Dubie Deanes agreement entered on fly leaf The xiiij'" daye of Deceber 1615 Md. it was agreed between John Rogers als Ball & John fforward the younger of Woodland Church Wardens of Meere & Dewby Deane of Lackock in the Countye of Willtes Plumber that he the sayde Dewby Deane did undertake w'” the sayde Churchwardens that he the sayde Dewby Deane or his assignes would at all tymes dewringe his naturall lyfe sufficientlye repayer at his owne ppr cost & charges all the leades uppon the tope of the tower & the leads w™ he did cast uppon the northe Porch. In consyderacon whereof the sayde Church Wardens did gyve to the sayde Dewby Deane xij‘. of lawfull Englyshe monye pvided allwayes that if the sayde leades wer hurt by anye casuall means that then the same to be amended at the charge of the pishe. In witness whereof I the sayde Dewby Deane have hereunto sett my hand the daye & yere above sayde Duby Deane Witnesses hereunto Thos: Chafyn and Willm Jemever Signu + Willi Jemever Mere The Accompte of John fforward the younger of Woodlands, 1616 and John Ball als Rogers churchwardens of the pishe there, for one whole yere ended the firste daie of Aprill beinge Easter mondaie and the daie of this accompte in the yeres of the raigne of o* Sou’aigne Lord Kinge James that is to saie bye gods grace of Englande ffrance, and Irelande, defendo' of the ffaithe etc. the ffouretenthe, and of Scotland the nyne and ffortethe Anno Dni. 1616 Arrerag Inprimis they are charged w" xlix*. v’. beings | tharrerages of the laste yeres accompte as in Xlixy Vite the foote of the same yeres accompte appearethe Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 273 Legacyes Itm they charge themselves w'" xij’. geven bye diu’se deceased towards the repacon of the churche that is to saie bye Edwarde ffourde iij*. iiij4. bye John fforwarde of the towne vj*. viij*. bye Dorothe Synderbye xij‘. and bye Stephen Stephens xij‘. in all. xij’. ffuneralls Itm they charge themselves w'> xxvj'. viij*. for the burienge of diu’se psons w'"in the Churche, that is to saie for the buriall of Dorothee fforward the wief of John fforward vj‘. viij. for the buriall of the said John fforward XXvjé. viij4. vj®. viij’. and for the buriall of Johan Morren the wief of James Morren vj‘. viij*. and for the buriall of Basill Crompe the daughter of Willm Crompe vj‘. viij4. in all Seates solde Itm they charge themselves more w'" vj*. viij*. for) diverse seates bye them sold w'*in the | _time of this accompte that is to saie of John fforwarde for John Whites seate vj?. | Of Willm Maydeman for Peter Launders seate iiij*. of Henrie Meade for a seate for his wief w*" was Elizabeth Launders iiij*. of Tymothe Meade for a seate for his wief w“" was | the seate of John Crumpes wief and by the said John Crumpe yelded upp iiij4. Of Andrewe White for a seate for his wief w°" was Robt ffourds wieves seate iiij4. Of John Sheppde for a seate for his wief w’" was the seate of Andrewe White and bye him yelded upp vj*. Of John Ball for a seate for his wief w was the seate of the widowe ffrythe deceased vj*. Of > vj*. viij4. Robt Clemente for a seate for himselfe and one other seate for his wief w” were the seates of his father and mother xij’. Of Thomas Hiscocke for a seate upon a planke w*" was the seate of his brother John Hiscocks ij4. Of Andrewe White for a seate w°" was Arthur Snookes seate iiij*. Of Nicholas Smarte for | a planke seate bye himselfe made ijd. Of John fforward for a seate w*" was his fathers, and bye him geven upp vj’. Of the same John fforward for a seate for his wief w'* was his mothers and yelded | upp iiij*{. Of Willm Maideman for a seate for his | wief w* was the seate of Margarete Vicarye iiij’. Of Edwarde fforward for twoo seates for him and his wief w were his fathers and mothers xij. Inall J) Goods solde Itm they are charged also w'* xlv°. for Churche goods this yere sold that is to saie for CCC" of leade wanting xxiiij'' sold to Dubio Deane att xiiij’. the hundred xxxix:, -xlv°, And of the same Dubio Deane for the Leade aishes vyjs, | in all The boke Itm they doe charge themselves wt? xxxij!. of xiiij®. ij4. wc’. they have and are to receave of Rates the pishioners there as bye a booke of Rates ¢ xxxij'i, xiiijsija, pticulerlie appethe for the repairenge of Lead- des and churche 274 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Itm they doe further charge themselves w xxvj'. xv’. ix’, w'' they have and are to receave of the pishioners towards the newe castinge of the Belles as bye a booke of the pticulers appearethe Suma to! oneris eens ve huius Compoti hixvjt. ix*. viij’, Whereof xxvjll. xys, ixd, allowannes Paied to Willm Maydeman and Robt Maideman for tymber worke of the tower, and tymber worke of a gutter on the southe Isle of the Churche and for helpe to draw upp the leads,and other worke belongenge thereto To M:. Henrie Baron of Welles for ten hundred of lead vj!*. iiijs. To Willm Stephens and Nicolas Smarte for cariage ) XV*. iiij4, of the same x C of lead | ix*, ij. To Dubio Deane for casting of fiftie foure hundred eee of Leade w*" covered the tower ee Nee To Willm Willoughbie of Silton esquier for foure en Xxv*.liij?. hundred of boards wantinge xx foote One tree geven by Willm Chafyn esq". valued att vj*» viij?. nihil. To Moone for five hundred bourde nailes att xiiij*. the © and iiijt' penye worthe. vj. ij. ffor CC of lead nailes att xij". the C. ee for nailes to make the moulde and used aboute the oes southe Ile, and one crooke to draw up the tymber and leade x1) ffor the cariage of sande for the Plumer when he xviijt. caste the Leades ffor the cariage of CCCC foote of bourds and one iw, vid peece of tymber from Seales ‘he To Willm Langley for cuttinge the joystes for the tower _xiiij@. To Willm Hardinge for helping the plumer and ] Carpenters aboute the tower and other places in x®, vji. the Churche for xxj'* Daies J Paide for breade and drynke to make the companye) drynke that did helpe upp the tymber and Leade | xx}. To the joyner for a stretche for the plumer iiij4, To John Ball for woode to melte the Leade Viij*. To Willm Clemente for Woode vj‘. ffor fetchinge the Crane to drawe up the tymber and leade vj‘. To Willm Hardinge for three daies worke xviij4. for oyle for the clocke and the Belles xvij4. for a bolte for the fourthe bell iiij*. for a plate and a Staple for the same bell xvjt: for Iron Wedges xij. To Cuthberte Tayler for eyinge of the iiij" bell clapper va To George Wilcoxe for newe trussinge of a bell iijs. vj4. To George Wilcoxe for trussinge the bells 23. Aug. vs. To Thomas Moone for iron worke to trusse the belles ij’. iiij4, for a rope for the seconde bell iij®. To Moone for astaple for the clocke & a key for the thirde Bell iiij*, for ij drawenge ropes for the Belles iiij4. To Richard Burton for a new rope for the thirde bell iij®. iiij4. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 275 for mendinge the staple of the little bell ijt. for vj drawenge ropes for the belles xijee To Thomas Moone for new Eyinge of the little bell clapper and mendinge the thirde and fourthe bell } xij’. viij? clappers To Moone for iij. doble boultes of Iron and ij. doggs of) | -, _s:-4 Iron Weighinge xx", ie ee To Moone for newe workinge and Hyinge of viij strappes | ;., for the fourthe, and little bell ej a ffor mendinge of foure boltes for the same twoo belles att their newe hanginge for v keyes v billetts, and ij verrells for the same ij belles xij’. for bourde nayles, to nayle the strappes iiij*. To Moone for newe Eyinge of the second bell clapper vse for vj newe billetts weighing ij'! ] quarter used in trussinge the belles for ij keyes and eyenge of one bolte for the little Bell and for mendinge of iiij*" strappes for the fourthe Bell and mendinge of ij bawdryes, and one pennye worth of bourde nayles To Cuthberte Tayler for newe Eyenge the greate bell | x*, iiij4 xix?, clapper and for makenge the bowle, and the flighte lesse, and mendinge of the bawdrye To John Underwood for goenge to the smythe and an other time carienge the clapper of the greate bell | To Hardinge for goenge to Bruton for George Willcoxe, and ) for to goe to Norton for him to come to hange the Belles { To make them drynke that did helpe downe the belles) Dd aha xij4, the seconde time j ai To Thomas Moone for puttinge in of v'i. 9%. of Iron into)... _-, the little bell clapper bjs Nog: for twoe mattes for the Channcell xvji. for tylinge some pte of the Northe porche & for morter xvji. To Thomas Cowley for halfe a busshell of lyme slap for ) SA to poynte the glasse \ a To John Clavye for pavinge of the southe porche ij. viij?. for three peckes of lyme to poynte the same vjt. Paide to the sheriefs baylie bye the appoyntemente of Mr. Randulphe Baron, to staie for money dewe upon } xij4. his Extracts untill Mr. Baron did come from London To the Register att the Visitacon Courte xij, ffor the Churchewardens and Sidemens Dynner att) the same Courte wei val] To Mr. Thomas Chafyn for makenge of the firste ) a booke of Rates j Jes ffor mendinge the Churche Wickett ijt. Geven to three maryners iij@. paied for paper ij’. To Hardinge for a daies worke and halfe viij’. ffor grease for the Belles es ffor Candelles for the Carpenter to worke bye vay 276 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. ffor helpe to loade the belles att the firste cariage xij? To Thomas Hewett and John fforwarde for the cariage of the twoo belles. the firste time to castinge To Willm fforwarde for the cariage of the fourthe bell the last time ’ ffor entertaynenge M'. Wallys the bell founder att tymes ij. To M. Wallys for castinge of the twoo Belles rato Paide more to M'. Wallys for one hundred and XXxvj*.viij’. 2 Oeh halfe and xvij''. of mettle oe John fforwards charge and expences att his beinge att ) \+. \-a Saru’ att the laste castinge of the Belles j. Bethe To the Constables w*" they paied to the Treasurers xxvj*. vij‘ ob. To the Constables to be paied to the Treasurers for one quarter of a yere ended att o' Ladie Daie } viij®. x4. ob. 1616. dew owt of this pishe Paide more to Edwarde Knighte the sheriefs baylief the second of ffebruarie. 1615. for an am’cyamente imposed bye the Clarke of the markett upon the bailief and Constables of this hundred for their xl? not apparance before him att Hyndon to retorne a Jurye from hence as appearethe bye his acquittance Paide to Mt. Thomas Baron of Welles for eighte hundred pounds of Leade } To Nicolas Smarte for cariage of the same Leade viij*. Paied to Dubio Deane for the castinge of Highte and twentie hundred pounds of Leade to cover the northe porche, and layenge a gutter in the southe Easte Ile and filletinge of the southe weste [le Paied for layenge the olde Leade and for soderinge ) upon the Northe porche, and filletinge the Leade of xxiiij*. the southe Weste Ile, and soderinge the twoo southe Tal To Dubio Deane for a consideracon to bynde him to ) xia kepe the Leades, w" he hath new caste dureng his lief} ga We. Paied to Nicolas Longenowe for glasinge the Church win- Aoi, dowes . \ xxvitj : To Willm Clements for Woode to soder the glasse vij4. To Nicolas Longenow vitio ffebruarij for glasinge Bees the windowes, and woode to doe the same \ Wey: ffor glasinge the Channcell windowe Bovine ffor wasshinge of the Surplesse ij’. ffor a Comunyon fortenighte after Easter att) ororapeen o' firste entrye in breade and wyne j ae ffor breade and wyne the xxviij of Maye ijé. 57. ffor breade and wyne the firste daie of October xij¢. ob. ffor breade and wyne the fifthe of November xij’. ob. ffor breade and wyne the xxv" daie of December tas ape ffor breade and wyne the xvij'" daie of Marche xix’, ffor breade and wyne for Palme sondaie and forEaster xxviij* iiij‘.ob, Suma tot allan Ixij'i, iij*, x4. ob. Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 277 and soe remaynethe dew iiithe Fete yi" v’. ix’, ob. w*". doe depende. Thomas fforwarde and John Launder Churche wardens in Anno Dni. 1613 Thomas Banyster and Wolstone ffoster Senna a Wardens in Anno Dni 1614 John fforward and John Ball als Rogers Churche ) Wardens and Accomptants for this yere 1615 | xxvj°. viij’. ob. xxij*. viij*. ob Xxxvj°. iiij*. ob. { Roberte Gatehowse Church Wardens (Thomas Hewett Overseers for Thomas Bower the poore John Hewett Edwarde fforwarde of Whitemarshe Waie Wardens Thomas Alford of the Knappe James Lucas Mere xmo Aprils An° Rgs nri Jacobi ect decimo quarto. An° Dni: 1616 :/. The accompt of John fforward Jun’ of Woodland, and John Ball als Rogers. Churchwardens. and Thomas fforde als Boyere collecto™ and ou’seers of the pore of the pish of Mere for one yere ended nowe at Easter An°. 1616 :/. ffirst they charge themselves w'” iij'. xij’: receved of some of the pishon’s of Mere. for the use of the ij, xij". stock of the poore this yere i) Itm for the Taxacon charged uppon the seu’all pishon’s of Mere aforesayde towards the releefe of the pore.for the sayde yere of theire accompt \ xviij'!. xiiij*. x‘. as bij a booke pticlerlij appereth. Sma o xxj!i xv*. x‘, Whereof. pd M:. Harryson. for writeing the booke of rates vj". Itm to the Justice Clarck. for writeing a warrnn vy4. Itm pd.for a shrowde for oldeWyllyams of Seales being a) iis verij pore man } J _ Itm pd for a Smock for Joane Underwood a pore woman xvd, “Itm distributed this yere in money. to dyu’s pore people) 4; ssa within the sayde pish.as by a book pticlerly appereth | lle ir Itm allowed & pd. to Tho: Lewes. a pore man ij’. Itm they p'y to be allowed xj*. charged uppon M". Robt. Sheppde deceased and not pd. the collecto™ xj". Itm ij* j*. charged uppon George Sheppde deceased and by jisid the Collectors not received apy Itm. they py to be allowed of viij‘. charged uppon John Clemt. for that he departed his dwelling and went aute| viij*. of the pish Sma xx!!, xijs. x4. _ And so rem. xxv*. videlt. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. T 278 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. In M:. Stephen Dodingtons hands.being parte of the Taxacon set downe uppon him. this yere and ng seh to procure k charged in the booke warrnte Item in the hands of Symon Crouche. parte of his to levij theis taxacon set downe uppon him w'" he refuseth to pay xij". three somes} (Item in the hands of Tho: ffoster: parte lykewise of { his taxacon. set downe uppon him w*" he refuseth } xiij4 to pay Itm there remayneth in the accomptaunts hands ne, Sma xxiijs Sma To' xxj!. xv*. x@. Mere ) The accompte of Robt Gatehouse and Thomas Hewett 1617 ) Churchwardens there made uppon Easter Monday being the xxj‘" day of Aprill An° Rs nri Jacobi xv"° 1617 for one yere then ended Inpims they are charged w" the arrerages of the last yeres accompt depending viz. uppon Thomas fforwarde and John lawnder late : Arrerags 4 churchemen xxyj$ viij*. ob. uppon Tho : iiij.v’. ix’. ob. Bannyster and Wolstan ffoster xxij*. viij4. ob. and uppon John fforwarde and John Ball Xxxvj*. iiij*. ob. late also churchmen Itm they are charged w' x‘. for a legacey geven bij Legaceys | Charles Cox. a pishione’ deceased towards the repa- xe, con of the Church Itm they are charged w' no funeralls in the Church | 1 this yere oe Seates soldeo:Itm they charge them selves w'" v*. viij*. for diu’s ) seates in the Church by them solde this yere viz. To Richard Potter for a Seate uppon a planck by the Belfrey iiij’. To Robt Cleeve a seate for his wife late Walter Alford’s wifes iiij4, To Roger Thomas a seate for his wife late the wydowe Cowleys vj*. To Tho: Pytman too seates which late ffuneralls were Charles Cox and his wifes Seats xij’. To Robt Gatehouse a seat for him self late John Bysshopps vj‘. and a seate for his wife late the vi.viij4. seate of Tho: Crouch his wife vj. To John Cowley a seate for his wife w™ late was her mothers yj‘. To Willm Goulde a seat for his wife w*" late was | her mothers iiij*. To Edwarde Dodington in the belfrey a seate iiij4. To Wolston fforwarde a seate for his wife somtymes the wydowe Holwayes iiij. And to M'. Randulph Baron the seate w™ was late M's. Marggret Chafyns wyddowe xij‘. in all for seates solde to Goods solde. Itm they are not charged with any goods solde this yere / nls Itm they are charged with xvj". x’. which they ae poere Es { have and are to receave of the pishion’s there this } ZV] x. ates. yere as by a booke of rates appereth Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 279 Sma Tols, on’s huis Compi xx]! x}. vo. ob. whereof Payde for a Sheete of pchement viij*. Itm for writeing of a Regester booke xij’. Itm for Carryeing of it to the Courte iiij4. Itm for delyu’ing of it into the Courte iiij*. Itm payde for a booke of Articles ales Itm for a book of Cannons xiiij’. Itm for the degrees of maryages ij. Itm for a borde to hang it on ij’. Itm pd for the Churchwardens and sydemens ae Dynn’. at the visitacon Courte } pads Itm to the Clarck for o* p’sentm! xij*. Itm to the Regester for his fee xij? Ttm to the Apparator for his fee xij’. Itm for a Skyn of Parchem' viij* Itm for a writeing of a Regester booke xij, Itm for beareing the Regester booke to the Courte ij’, Itm for delyu’ing of it into the Courte iiij*. Itm for weshing of the Surplest ij’. Itm payde for paper i Itm payde for glaseing the Church wyndowes oes Itm payde for white lyme ryt Itm for mending of the leades iij4. Itm pd for a matt for the Channcell xviij’. Itm for makeing of a newe Eye for the greate bell Clapper _x°. Itm for leather to lyne the Bawdrick iiij?. Itm for a bell Rope iij®. iiij*. Itm for more lether for the Bawdrick vj4. Itm pd to the Gayle. maymed Soldyers Kings bench and Marshalsey for one quarter ended ssfstesomer} vi x4, ob. 1616 Itm more to them for thre quarters ended at oure Lady Day 1617 | aa vja. Itm geven to a pore man that had a passe ij4, Itm geven to a pore man & too women vj*. Itm to a lame Soldyer ij, Itm more unto the same Soldyer the next daij xj. Itm geven to viij marryners vjt. Itm geven to too Seaefayering men viij’. Itm geven the Ringers in breade and beare the v‘" of August xij", Itm geven a pore man that had susteyned greate loste by fyer in Cornewall xij’. Itm geven to Robt Dyer of St. George Clyfton who a by misfortune of ffyer consumed all that he had Vd Itm geven to a pore man & his wife ij’. Itm to too pore men and a woman which wal forth of Ireland w' a passe xij! T 3 280 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. Itm geven a pore man which had susteyned “4 great losts by fyer in Kent SE Itm pd for a newe Bell Roape rife Tbe Itm for one other bell Roape and a Roape for) ws the greate weight of the Clock ) Abele Item for six Coards for the Bell roapes xx4, Itm pd George Wilcox for newe hanging of the a eae third Bell and trussing all the other foure } ae (pk Ls Itm payde to the bedman for his helpe xu Itm pd. for xviij wedges and fyve keyes for the belles iij*. v4. Itm for mending of the Clock viij*. Itm for xx Spriggs ij. Itm for mendeing of a bolt ; iiij?. Itm for a Staple for the wheele iiij*. Itm for a vanne for the Clock vji. Itm for too keyes yee Itm for a wyer for the Clock xij’. Itm for mendeing the Clock Hamm’ ie Itm for nayles a Itm pd to Trewlove for 223 foote of paveing Stone mes igs for layeing of it ‘ Itm for Carrydge of the same stone xx", Itm for layeing of 360 foote of olde Stone at ob the foote xv’, Itm payd the Bedman for v dayes worck Hea vos Itm for beareing the newe Stones into the Church vj4. Itm for six busshells of lyme ij’. Itm for too loads of Sande xt Itm for mending of the wall of the Church yarde iiijs. Itm for lyme for the same walles xVvoe Itm for Stones and draweing of them vj. Itm. for the Carrydge of them vj. Itm pd the Hellyor for thre dayes worck ij’. vj. Itm to his partner for ij dayes worck Pape bt hen Itm for iij dayes worck for his boye ij®. Itm for thre sacks of lyme iij®. vj*. Itm for ij hunderd of lathes ij’. viij2. Itm for Tyles iiij*. Itm for lath nayles xiij‘. Itm for mendeing the Church hatch ba hic Itm for oyle for the Clock and the belles xvi, Itm pd the xxjth of Aprill 1617: for iiij* quartes of wyne _iiij’. Itm for Bred for the Com unyon ibe Itm for ij. quartes and a pynt of wyne the xixth of Maij:1617 ijs.vj*. Itm for Bred for the Com unyon at Itm pd the first. of September for bred and wyne vij4. Itm pd the xxv‘" of December for thre quartes of | iis, 4a wyne and for bred for the Com nyon et oe Itm pd the vjth of Aprill for too quartes of wyne wi bred ij’. j*. ld Transcribed by T. H. Baker. 281 Itm pd the xiijth of Aprill for bred and wyne \ Itm the xvjth of Aprill for bred and wyne Itm the xvijth of Aprill for bred and wyne Itm the xviij of Aprill. for bred & wyne Itm the xixth of Aprill. for bred & wyne Itm the xxth of Aprill. for bred and wyne Sma To! by the accomptants laydeoute xxvj*. vij% | xiijh xiiijs. iiij, ob. And so rem’ vij!, xvij® j*. w°" dependeth. Churchmen XXV]®.Viij*. ob. Uppon Tho: Bannyster & Wolston ffoster. late Churchmen Uppon John fforwarde and John Ball late Churchemen as moneys by them not receved. viz. of George Sheppde ij’. of M'. Xpofer Awbrey for bushe hayes v*. of I'ho: |. vj‘. Uppon Tho: fforward and J ohn'lawnder la te} ) xxij’. viij*. ob. Stacey viij’. of Rich: Kendall iiij’. of Henry Arnolde iiij*. of Alex: Crase iiij4, of Jo: Brooke iiij'. of Kdr. fforwarde xij. of Willm fforwarde viij*. of John Tovy vj’. and of the wydowe fforwarde iiij*. being taxacons set uppon them towards the mayntenace of the pish Church. in all : Uppon Robt Gatehouse and Thomas Hewet the newe Churchwardens,as moneys by them not receved, viz: of Symon Crouch iijs. Of Thoms Davyes viij’. of Roger Wilton xij. Of Xpofer fforwarde iiij’. of Eadr. fforwarde iiij’. of the wydowe Dicks xij*. Of | M«. Sheppde viij*. Of John Underwood iiij*. of | Rich: Kendall iiijt. of Jo: Bursey sen’ iiij*. Of | Tho: Barn’de iij'. iiij4. Of the wydowe fforwarde | iiij’.. Of Agnes Cowherd xij, Of Charles Cox vj. } xxxiiijsiiijé Of Willm Voak iiij4. Of Robt Cowherd sen’. viij*. of Willm Pawdey viij*. of Jo: Crouch iiij". of Xp: Awdrey xvj?. of Wilm Ban'de ij. iiij%. of Jo: Tovy Jun’. iiij*. of the wydowe Willyams viij?. Of Tho. ffryer sen’ iiij’, of Rand: Geateley iiij4. of W™. Peareman xij’. Of Rand: Guyer xij". of Jo: Clem*. xij‘. of Tho: More xij*. of the wydowe | Wattes iiij’. and of Tho: Stacey iiij’. in all. i) Uppon Robt. Gatehouse and Tho: Hewett them selves ) the nowe accomptantes. and Churchmen Jxj®. xt for the yere of oure lorde god: 1616 Ife J Sma to"* io vig xvije. 32. snper Md. it is agreed. and the sayde Robt Gatehouse and Thomas Hewett nowe Churchmen are contented. to contynewe in theire offices. for this next yere to com’.and so from henceforth. all Churchmen within this pish to remayne in theire office. for too yeres. accor- ding to the Ancyent order and use within the pish./. 282 The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere. ee oesuie e are chosen ou’seers for the pore this yere. Thomas Bannyster Tho: Togood fore chosen waywardens, for this yere./ Nichas Palm’ Hit is agreed. that there shall be an indifferent rate made of the valewe of eu’y lyveing. within the pish of Mere. and according to them. all pish dewtyes from henceforth to An order | be borne and payde. by those that shalbe eyther own’s for the or tennts of the same lyveings. p compe./ to the makeing making | of w*" rate there was named Xpofer Awbrey gent. Tho: of rates | Bannyster Xpofer fforward. Tho: fforde. Tho: Chafyn gent. John ffrancys. Willm Crompe. Tho: Alford of the Knapp. Tho: fforward jun’. Robt Cowherd. Tho: Hewet and Symon Crouch. Customs of CHishford and Barford im Grovely Forest. With Further Notes on Wishforv. By the Rev. Cur. Worpswortu. [Reap aT THE Witton MeEerTrNe, 1906.] ‘* Be zix a’clock, a motley crowd An up agean ache cottage dooer, Av met at Townsend tree, [up Tha woaken bough is tied, Bouth woold an young, var ta keep We vlaigs an streamers gay an Thease glad vestivity An mottoes too bezide. [bright, We axe an hook away thay goo "Tis ‘Groveley ; an ael Groveley,’ Ta copse at Groveley, Thame shouten ael tha day Ta cut tha woaken boughs out vrom ‘Ta keep thic hankshint custom up Tha merry greenhood tree. On girt Woak Apple Day. Soe EIR Goo ioe i 3 E. Slow, Wiltshire Rhymes, i. 150. _ In his interesting and suggestive paper on An English Manor in the time of Elizabeth (Wilts Arch. Mag.,xxxii., 306), Dr. C. R. Straton said, “ When in May the villagers of Wishford still cut down young oaks and hold their feast on ‘Bough Day,” it is the repairing of the summer shealing that they commemorate.” He thus connects the feast and ceremonies with the custom of repairing bough huts for four months’ use in summer as it is found on the hills in Norway and in Scotland. Dr. Straton mentions further the visitation of Wishford and the Forest of Grovely, by Ro. Grove and C. Vaughan in 1566-7 on behalf of William Earl of Pembroke (pp. 291-2). He records, moreover, that the commoners adjoining the forest kept certain cattle there all the year round; but “during the ‘four months’ they took up all their flocks of sheep and goats and their milk kine. In Grovely there were three hundred fallow deer and a number of wild boars, and in Barford each two com- moners reared one hound for the lord. There were also in Grovely courts of vert and ven, where all questions of greenwood or game 284 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. were tried, and the tenants of the surrounding hamlets acted as the jury, and did suit to that court when summoned by the verderers. In return, they had rights of wood and pannage. Each tenant who had wood, besides serving the court, paid the ranger a woodhen at Christmas. They had also to repair deer hedges, and to haul timber for the lord’s use. (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxii., 297-8). What the old custom of “ Grovely and all Grovely,” has grown into in modern times has been sufficiently celebrated by Mr. Edward Slow (now, in 1906, Mayor of Wilton), in his Wiltshire Thymes, new edition, part i, pp. 149-51. In an instructive book on Zhe Manor and Manorial Records, Mr. Nathaniel J. Hone perhaps hardly does justice to Wiltshire: for he does not mention the thirteenth century Custom Book of Ogbourne Manor in the British Museum, and his index omits the references due to Alvediston, Berwick St. John, Fasterne, Nettleton, South Newnton, and Wishford, which occur in the body of his volume in the list of rolls, &c., on pp. 283-4. There he tells us that there are four Court Rolls of Great Wishford, ranging from 1391 to 1457. I hope some local antiquary will edit them for us. In Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxiv., 2'73-4, Mr. J. U. Powell, in an important paper on “South Wilts in Romano-British Times, ap- proaches. our present subject from the point of view of the folk- lorist and student of primitive religion. He mentions that at Wishford “an oak bough is cut annually, formerly at Whitsuntide, but since the Restoration on May 29th, and hauled down into the village. Itis there decked with ribbons and hung from the Chureh tower, and the day is kept asa revel.” If I rightly understand his drift, he supposes that this symbol of the villagers’ rights to gather wood, and (in olden times) also to pasture cattle and feed swine in Grovely Forest, was associated with—or found its ex- pression in—a ceremony of prehistoric cult or nature-worship. The similarity of practice, such as it is, may or may not be due to a mere coincidence; it may be a natural survival of what Aubrey called “gentilisme”; its preservation may be the result of deliberate action on the part of the Christian missionary, according to the By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 285 wise policy of the great St. Gregory, who bade retain so much of local custom as was harmless, and to consecrate it for the Christians’ Lord.t Still, I must own that I, for one, am getting a little im- patient of that ubiquitous priest of Nemi, and of having his golden bough and gruesome story thrust under my nose at every turn. With no lack of sympathy for ““The lively Grecian, in a land of hills Rivers, and fertile plains, and sounding shores,” ? I am a little tired of his Italian brother; and I look forward to a time when the Rex Nemorensis of Aricia will be—I do not say, quite forgotten, but—put in a place proportionate to his deserts. I do not wish him—after his own barbarous custom—to be slain: but only, decently succeeded: by some newer favourite, and so assisted to find his proper level—neither too retiring nor too generally pervasive, along (let us say) with Max Miiller’s solar myths, Dr. Cheyne’s Jerahmeel (who at one time seemed likely to annex the interest of the entire Pentateuch), or the shadowy hero of the “Shacon and Bakespeare” controversy, which has left some of us not indeed convinced of an ingenious and industrious lady’s theories but inclined perhaps to suspect that “the man Shakespeare” was probably a half-brother of Sir Francis Bacon, and that, while the former was writing his Hamlet, the other was amusing himself by perfecting his Morse code, in which he made some experiments, as he tells us in the Advancement of Learning? But this is no place for “more scandal about Q. Elizabeth,” or for dwelling on the proximity of Kenilworth to Stratford. Let us retrace our steps to the banks of our Wiltshire Avon and Wylye. We must leave | Lago di Nemi for Grovely Wood and Hamshill Ditches. For Grovely, too, has its legends, its mysteries, and its tragedies. Its legends:—and among them that of “the Maid and the ! The Rev. A. N. Cooper has a short paper on Heathen Customs at Christian Feasts in W. Andrews’ Antiquities and Curiosities of the Church (1897), . 58—70. ‘d 2 The Excursion, iv. 3 Very shortly after this paper was read another claimant—Roger Manners __ —was put forward for the authorship of Shakespeare’s plays. 286 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. Maggot.” This has been told in this Magazine (xvii., 317 a.), and its moral is a caveat for ‘‘charmin lasses who mid goo A gipsyen to Grovely,” and to such as are able still to crack nuts and eat them, lest they swallow such a laidly worm as that which in process of time “arose one day and killed the maiden.” The tragedy, to my mind, is that of Mrs. Collier, of Steeple Langford, of whom some of us will hear on Thursday, and who, according to the laudable custom of the Vale of Wylye had reared a pretty good sized family. Walker tells her story in his Sufferings of the Clergy (I1., 227). Her husband, the rector, had already been threatened, before the general ejection, and had left his home. His wife and their eleven children were turned out in the snow; and six nights passed before any villager dared to harbour them in a cottage. They fetched sticks from Grovely Wood upon their backs, and lived upon barley bread, when they could get it. Though the rectory was valued at about £350 a year, according to Walker,’ it is given as £65 in MS. Lansd. 459, fo. 158— Wilts Areh. Mag., xix., 196. The income was enjoyed until the Restoration by one Mr. Nathan Giles, a sad litigious fellow,? who used to preach (as Walker records) twice a Sunday with a pistol hanging from his neck. In the course of those 15 years, the Collier children were dispersed in menial service or as common soldiers. Only Arthur, the youngest, was so fortunate as to be “placed to Winchester school, &c,” though Mr. Kirby does not record him as a scholar on the foundation of the college; and after the restoration he matriculated at Pembroke, and removed to New College. Two of his brothers were taken prisoners in the Penruddock rising, in 1665, and were sent to hard labour, as slaves in Jamaica. Others were apprenticed to “mean trades” in London. I hope that the good freeholders of Wishford and Barford (secure 1 After the Restoration Bp. Seth Ward computed the value of Steeple Langford rectory as £400 in his Wotitia (circa 1667) ii. p. 5, and recorded that Bp. Duppa (cir. 1642) reckoned it at £300. So Walker’s estimate seems fair enough. ® Sufferings, ii., 227, cf. Calamy, Ejected Ministers, ii., 765 ; iv., 882. By the Rev. Canon Wordsworth. 287 in their own customary privilege) did not grudge the poor homeless children gathering their “nitches” of snapping-wood in Grovely. The “Sum” of these rights and customs, as I see, has been printed by Sir Richard Colt Hoare in his Modern Wilts (Hundred of Dunworth, 1829, pp. 187—90.) But, as few of us can afford to purchase that great work, and I have not that portion myself, I have transcribed the documents from the MS. copy in a note-book in the Rector’s custody at Wishford, which Mr. Mac- donald has kindly lent me. Another copy is in the keeping of the Parish Council there. Regarding the “Swm of the Ancient Custom belonging to Wish- ford and Barford out of the Forest of Grovely,’ which forms, perhaps the most interesting portion of the note-book, we remark that the 5th Section concerns the right by antient custom for Wishford folk to fell,and bring,about Holy Thursday (7.¢.,Ascension Day) one load of trees upon a cart to be drawn “by strength of people”; and the like right and custom for Barford folk, upon Whitsun-Monday. The rights as to wood for thatching, hurdles, and snapwood are detailed in subsequent sections. The 17th tells how the Wishford people “have used to go in a dance to the Cathedral Church of our Blessed Lady in the City of New Sarum on Whit-Tuesday,” to make their claim there in the familiar words. The 18th section tells how those of Barford St. Martin make a similar dance and claim at the same place and day, omitting the words “and all” before the third exclamation of the name “ Grovely.” Ascension Day, being a movable feast, is of course unaffected by change of style. In old times, as at present, it must always have occurred between April 30th and June 3rd, or on one of those days. In other words it ordinarily falls in the month of May. Whitsun-Monday and Whit-Tuesday occur between May 11th and _ June 15th, (the “ Fence month” mentioned in the Customs, cap. 2, is the thirty days round Midsummer, from June 9th to July 8th.) The Sarum printed kalendars generally place the summer solstice _ —when Sol enters Cancer—at June 13th. Earlier kalendars (in 288 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. MS.) give June 17th! or 20th. Whitaker's Almanac gives for the last century June 21st and this century June 22nd, which is the day before St. John’s Eve, otherwise called Midsummer Eve. when bonfire customs, said to be of pagan origin, are traceable. As to the two points which seem to me most noticeable in the local customs, namely the dance, and the connexion with Whitsun- tide previous to the Civil Wars,‘ I will offer just a few remarks. From the heathenish dance around the golden calf to the Mid- summer dances in Cornwall, such as the Helstone faddy dance *® on the 8th of May, or our Jacky John’s fair held within living memory in Marlborough High Street round St. Peter’s Church—or again from David dancing before the ark (II. Sam., vi., 14), to the dances in Yorkshire Churches after prayers at Yule-tide in the seventeenth century, when they cried or sang “Yole, Yole, Yole,”® or to the choristers’ stately minuet before the high altar in Seville Cathedral, witnessed in 1850 and more recently ‘—to say nothing of Eastern 1 Brit. Mus. Titus, D. 27. ? Brit. Mus. Galba, A. 18 (Athelstan Psalter), and Vitell. E. 18. 3 Hampson, Medii Avi Kalendarium, i. 802. ‘ After the Restoration of Church and King, the dance was tranferr ed to May 29th—‘‘ Oak Apple Day.”’ ° Wright’s Dialect Dict., ii., 275 a. So Capt. Potter, born in N. Yorks, informed Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme, ed. by James Britten for Folk Lore Society, 1881, p. 5, ef p. 213, note by W. J. T. referring to M. C. H. Brémel, Fest Tunzen der Ersten Christen, Jena, 1705. I find reference made in N. & Q.,25S., iv. 35, to J. G. Herder, De Saltationibus Ecclesia. 7 At Seville two writers about 1850 described the dance of ten choir boys (formerly six,whence they were called ‘‘ seises,’’) attired in seventeenth century court dress, tunics, hats, and mantles, (of red and white during Corpus Christi octave, or of blue and white at the festival of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin), a minuet, lasting about half-an-hour, to the Cathedral organ and their ivory castanets, before the high altar and the Reserved Host. Also at Shrovetide on the three last days of carnival. N. & Q.,35., xi., 132-3, 175, 207, 244, 326, 392. The vernacular Spanish hymn sung on the occasion is given, 48.,i.,77-8. The like performance has been noted at Echternach and Barjole. E. K. Chambers, Medieval Stage, i., 163. {‘‘ Clipping the Church” by children joining hands, at Shrovetide, and tennis-play in the churchyard at Bradford-on-Avon (not ‘‘ Barford,” as Andrews’s Antig. and Curiosities, p. 218) is mentioned by Canon Jones, Wilts Arch. Mag., v. 244-5. On dancing in Churches:—The Rev. C. V. Goddard tells me that at the By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 289 and American developments—the dancing instinct has been noticeably present from time to time in religious worship or in connexion with local celebration of some festival. Mr. E. K. Chambers, Zhe Medieval Stage, two vols., Clarendon Press, 1903, has collected some curious information (pp. 161, 198), and Herder and Brémel may be consulted. The custom of dancing in Church is said to have been stopped in France about the eleventh century. (H. J. Gauntlett, in N. & Q., 28.,, iv., 35.) Edmund Martene, about 1699, speaks of singing and dancing in the Church or Cathe- dral yards, or some adjacent meadow, in days gone by after evensong on Whitsun-day,! which brings me to the second point—the point of tame. festas of the little chapels in Teneriffe there is dancing in the chapels. Cor- respondents in N. & Q., 3 S., xi., mention the Indians dancing, with music, before the altar of the Greek Church in a certain town (not named) in Mexico, p. 207, “T.F.”’ was told it was not uncommon in other towns. (He does not say how there came to be a Greek Church there. Possibly, for some merchants; and in Calabria pifferari with their bagpipes before out- door shrines, p. 392. W.J. Bernhard Smith (p. 244) recalls the charming passage in the apochryphal Protevangelion (c. 8), where itis said that St. Mary in her babyhood, at the age of 3 years, was placed with her little lamp in her hand upon the third step of the altar in Jerusalem, ‘‘and the Lord gave unto her grace, and she danced with her feet, and all the house of Israel loved her.’”’ W. Hone, Apocr. N. T., p. 28. See also W. J. Thoms Anecd. and Traditions, Camd. Soc., 81. See also Hone’s Every Day Book, i., 1594-5, where the bagpipes, though not the dancers, are depicted. An interesting account of the Dance of the Seises, at Seville, with an illus- tration and music, is given by O. and H. Vivian, Romance of Religion, 1902, pp. 16—30. In A. T. Quiller-Couch’s Mayor of Troy (ch. iii.), ‘‘The Vicar of Troy . . . . matched Helleston’s May-Dance [on May 8th] with at least a score of similar May-Day observances in different towns and villages in Cornwall. He quoted the Padstow Hobby-horse, the Towedneck Cuckoo- feast, the Madron Dipping Day, the Troy [? Fowey] May-dragon, and proved that the custom of ushering in the summer with song and dance and some symbolical rite of purgation was well-nigh universal throughout Cornwall. He followed the custom overseas to Brittany, Hungary, the Black Forest, Moldavia, Lithuania, Poland, Finland, the Caucasus.” 10n Whitsunday ‘in quibusdam ecclesiis olim fiebant post vesperas in pratello chore, ut in Lemovicensi (Limoges). De hujusmodi chorea hee leguntur in Ordinario Cabilonensi (Chalons-sur-Sdéone). Post completorium fit chorus in prato. Decanus cantionem primam Veni Creator Spiritus. Ceteri suam dicant, qui voluerint, latine tamen.’’ Martene, Ant. Eecl. Rit., iv., 28, 18 (6. iii, p. 195). 290 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. (2) As to Ascension Eve, Dom E. Martene mentions two Churches where there were special ceremonies. Liege, where ten congrega- tions of clergy met at the mother Church for evensong. Vienne, where the (prelates) officiating as deacon and subdeacon to the Archbishop wore their mitres. At the mass there was another procession ad elemosynam, a sermo ad populum, the blessing of a lamb, and on their return a benedictio panis caristiae (IV., xxviii ., 18 =t. ll, p. 193). At a city Church in London there were rose garlands for the crosses and the choir bought for Ascension Day and Whitsun-Day ; and “for the crosses and choir and other strangers that did bear copes on Corpus Christi Day”; in 1524, 1539, &., and birch at Midsummer.’ Also, garlands for St. Barnabas’ Day, 11th June. Stow likewise mentions that the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul’s wore rose-garlands in procession on St. Peter and St. Paul’s Day, 29th June, and that in London every man’s door was shadowed with green birch, long fennel, St. John’s wort, orpin (Sedwm telephiuwm), white lilies, and such like on the Vigil of St. John Baptist (Midsummer-eve), and on St. Peter and St. Paul’s Day.” Also, that on holidays after evening prayer the prentice lads exercised their wasters (or cudgels) and bucklers before their masters’ doors, and maidens, to the timbrell, danced for garlands hanging thwart the shrubs. (Survey of London, ed. 1720, iii., 165 ; i., 256, and 251, cited by Rock, Ch. of our Fathers, ii., 59, 340= pp- 71, 421, old edition). Anxious prelates like Richard Poore, in 1217, St. Edmund and ' Accounts of St. Mary at Hill, H. Littlehales, 322-3 (fac-simile), 382. (HK. E. T. Soc., 1905). 2In his Mayor of Troy (written perhaps not without some reference to Fowey, in Cornwall) Mr. A. T. Quiller Couch tells how ‘‘ On a Regatta Day . once every August ona Monday .. . . at 8 o'clock in the morning . . . . the streets breathed festival. Sir Felix’s coppices had been thinned as usual for the occasion, and scores of small saplings, larch and beech and hazel, lined the narrow streets, their sharpened stems planted between the cobbles, their leafy tops braced back against the house-fronts and stayed with ropes, which, leading through the upper windows, were made fast within to bars of grates, table-legs, and bed-posts. Over them from house to house, strings of flags waved in the light morning breeze.” (ch. xxii.) F ; iy ; By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 291 Grosseteste, in 1236, all three of them at one time members of Salisbury Chapter, forbade the clergy in the thirteenth century to publish notice of scotales,! and Abp. Langham in 1367 threatened excommunication on any who should attend them. But all their combined virtue had no more avail than Malvolio’s to prohibit cakes and ale.2 As early as any of these, K. Henry IIL. in the Charter of the Forest in 1217, had forbidden foresters and beadles to hold “scotales.”* Some of the ecclesiastical constitutions specify other amusements which were considered undesirable, such as hoisting rams, dressing up like bullocks or stags, and rival parishes carrying banners and fighting. I suppose these affrays were the outcome of local, or tribal, or parochial jealousies, dating perhaps from very early times and bursting out annually in rows, when, contrary to the true spirit of the festival, processions, making their way with parish banners, to carry Peter’s Pence or Pente- costal Oblations of smoke farthings, as a sort of chimney-tax or hearth-rate contribution, attempted to pass one another, or came into conflict like the rival factions at Eatanswill. Parishes used to send a deputation to the mother Church to fetch a supply of holy oils* and cream from what the Bishop assisted by his Archdeacons had consecrated on Maundy Thursday. St. Hugh of Lincoln, ¢. 1190, charged the householders in his diocese to bring a worthy oblation to the Cathedral Church at Whitsuntide. These in the fourteenth century were looked upon as dues, and in the fifteenth century were known as “le smoke ffardyngis alias dict’ Lincoln farthings.” ® 1 Sarum Charters, 134, 160; Spelman, Concilia, ii., 140; 156, 164; 193; 200, 211; 238, 299; cf 133 (misplaced by Spelman). 2 Whitsuntide Church ales at Kington St. Michael church house, were a flourishing institution in the days of John Aubrey’s grandfather. Preface to Nat. Hist. of North Wilts, ed. Jackson, p. 10. 5 Stubbs, Select Charters, part vi., p. 849, cap. 7. The tenants at South Malling were bound by antient custom to pay 14d. each for a scotale with the Archbishop’s own bedellus. MS. Lambeth, Consuetudinary de South- malling, cited by Blount, Law Dict., s. v. “ scotal.” *“ Paid for 2 pottes to fett oyle in ld.” Church Aceounts of St. Mary at Hill, ed. Littlehales, 358. ® See Medieval Services, (T. Baker, 1898), p. 207, s. wv. ‘* Pentecostals.” 292 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. The Epistle of A‘lfric Quando dividis crisma is an address ap- parently intended for priests assembled from the parishes to take away their supplies of holy oils and sacred cream.! Strictly speaking it was the duty of every parish priest to fetch his oils from the mother church in time for blessing the font on Easter even. Lyndewood, the canonist, however knowing the difficulties of a large agricultural parish (such as Lincoln) held that rural deans might fetch for some of the clergy. Provinciale, iol In return for this Easter gift received from the Cathedral in the spring, the parishes brought back at the subsequent Midsummer their Whitsuntide oblations, about the time of the sitting of the Pentecostal Chapter at Salisbury. It appears that, at least in 1319, the oblations were considered to be an obligatory duty or debt, and that they served as a contribution to the Cathedral Fabrice Fund.” Whether the Wishford and Barford parishioners paid two visits to Salisbury, the one to maintain the custom of Grovely, the other to carry their Pentecostal offerings, or whether they did their religious duty and their customary visit “ wader one,” I am unable to determine. It may be observed that their privileges, though ample, are strictly defined, and did not amount to any right for all comers to cut down trees wastefully or at random, but for certain persons, who stood in feudal relations, and owed service or duty to the lord of the manor, to bring one load of trees down “ by strength of people” at the appointed time, besides “ wood from the trenche,” and “dead snapping wood ”’ at their pleasure. ‘““An may em never ’buse the right They’ve got in Grovely Wood; Var ’tis a girt boon to tha poor Granted ta do em good.” ® 1 Maskell, Mon. Rit., I., pp. eclxxii., cexci. 2 Statuta Eccl. Sarisb., 50, Jones and Dayman. These statutes, drawn up in 1819, were adopted in 1324. 3 Wiltshire Bhymes, by E. Slow, i., 151. bo ite) (SU) By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. Tue Rector oF WIsHFoRD’s Book. This contains “COPIES OF WILLS, CUSTOMS, PRIVILEGES, &e., &e., of the Parish of WisHrorD Maana, in the County of Wilts, copied in 1822.” It is a small foolscap 4to, half- bound in thin leather, with marble paper sides. The documents may be thus summarized :— (i) p. 1. Extract from the will of Sir Richard Grobham, late of Great Wishford, knt., dated 16 Dec., 1628, and proved 15 July, and and 28 Dec., 1629. To erect an almshouse on his tenement in Stowford, in South Newton then in the tenure of J. Dawkins, for four poor people and one housekeeper. (i.) p. 5. Extract from the will of Sir Richard Howe, of Wishford, Bart., dated 3rd Jan., 1728; proved 11th July, 1730. Ten pounds per annum for the Master of a charity school, lately erected by the testator, for the teaching and instructing twenty poor boys of the said parish to write, read, and cast ac- counts, and to learn and say the Church Catechism, and £10 to the mistress, for teaching and instructing twenty poor girls of the said parish to read, work, and learn and say the Church Catechism.2 Also he provides four quarters of coal annually for each of the schools. (iii.) p. 10. It appears from the register of baptisms, &c., that the first stone of the school was laid by the Hon. Sir Rich. Howe, the sole founder, 18th Jan., 1722.3 (iv.) p. 11. A copy of the will of Daniel Oland, 20th Jan., 1735. Provides that the minister, churchwardens, and overseers of the poor of the parish of Great Wishford apply certain rents for the binding out poor boys of the parish apprentices and buying them tools. These trustees, or any three of them, when the funds allow, elect and choose one of the free school boys, and, with his parents’ consent, bind him out apprentice to some good handicraft trade out of the parish for seven years at the least: to pay £10 (? premium) at executing the indenture; and to give him £5 to buy tools at the expiration of his time. 1 For this and other charities,see Further Report of Charity Commissioners, xxvi., 1819—87, Wilts, pp. 297—304. 2 One of the schoolmasters at Wishford (James Goulden) ruled the school for fifty-one years. Rev. E. Hill, Letter in the Salisbury Journal, April, 1885. 3 The endowment of the school proceeds from the tithes of a dismember ed parish, Asherton, now included in the parish of Berwick St. James. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. U 294 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. (v.) p. 23. 1603. Sum! of the ancient Custom belonging to Wishford and Barford out of the Forest of Groveley. Here followeth a true recital of the some! of old ancient and laudable customs belonging and in right appertaining to the Mannors of Great Wishford and Barford Saint Martin in the Countie of Wilts. Abie nag The Lords and Freeholders of Wishford Magna? by ancient ‘ Custom have ever had, and by right may and ought to have for themselves and all their Tenants, common of Pasture for all manner of Beasts and Cattle, throughout all Grovely at all times of the year,* except for Cattle of two-teeth* and Goats, and Pigs above one year old in the Fence Month only.’ And no other person whatsoever besides them have any common there, or may in Right put in any Beast or Cattle whatsoever, save only the Lord, Freeholders, and Tenants of Barford Saint Martin, who may common in all places of the Forest on the South Side of Grimes Dike commonly called the Trench, and have Chace and Rechace® over the Trench, but may not Stall. And the Ranger for the time being hath Common there for one Nag and two Calves only, but for no more nor any other thing. Only the Occupier of St. Johannes Hospital in Ditchampton’ near Wilton, 1 Sum,’—‘' the some,” i.e., summary. It is printed in Hoare’s Modern Wilts, Dunworth, pp. 187—8 (‘‘ H.”), where the spelling of the early Jacobean original is more closely followed than it is in our copy from the Rector of Wishford’s Notebook. For some account of the still earlier docu- ment, an 18th century transcript of the Pembroke Terrier, in the Blackmore Museum (‘‘ B”’) see below, and the footnotes to our text. ? Wishford and Barford: B. 3“ For all the year’’: B. The common-herdsman used to collect the cattle under an old tree, known as the ‘Penning Tree.” (W. L. in Salisbury Journal, March, 1885.) 4 « Except cattle of two tooth”: B. Latin, bidentes. 5 «Tn the fence month only.” This appears to be the true reading also in MS. B.—The Fence Month: ‘‘mensis vetitus,” ‘‘ mensis prohibitionis,”’ “‘positus in defenso,” the thirty days, consisting of fifteen before and fourteen after Midsummer Day with St. John Baptist’s Day itself included (June 9th to July 8th). See T. Blount, Law Dictionary, 1671, &c. (Dr. Straton appears to have read “the fowre months.” See p. 288 above). 5 ¢.e., a droveway to and from pasture. 7 St. John’s in Ditchampton, in Burcombe parish, now known as St. John’s Hospital, Wilton, founded by Bishop Herbert in 1189. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 295 hath claimed to put in Ten Kine and one Bull, and Hogs, as Wishford Magna and Barford St. Martin may. [The three concluding paragraphs of the fore going section are not found in B.] (2nd.) Item. The Lords of Wishford Magna and Barford St. Martin and all their Freeholders and Tenants in every the said Manors have ever had and by Right and Ancient Custom ought to have free Common of Pannedge! in all Grovely for all their Hogs and Pigs at all Times of the Year save only Sow Hogs above one year old in the Fence Month only. [Jtem 2 is not found in MS. B.] (8rd.) Item. None may put any cattle whatsoever into the said Forest save only those persons aforesaid who by Antient Custom and Right may justify the same, and the Antient custom is, that the Borderers? aforesaid that have Common there, or as many of them as will, may at their pleasure giving notice thereof to the Ranger, or leaving notice at his Lodge) drive all the said Forest, and if they find any Cattle there other than such as by Antient Custom are justifiable to be kept there as aforesaid, they may do therein according to the custom of the Forest for the preservation of Good Pasture for the Deer, and for such Cattle as of Right and Antient Custom are justifiable to pasture there. [Jtem 3 is not found in MS. B.] (4th.) JZtem. The Lords and Freeholders of Wishford and Barford? and all their Tenants and all Inhabitants in the same Manors of Wishford Magna and Barford Saint Martin have in Antient Custom and ever time out of mind have used, to fetch, and of right may fetch and bring away Boughs*‘ at their Pleasure from the Woods of Grovely*® from May-day in the morning until 1 Pannagium: pasturage from mast and acorns. 2 According to Canon W. H. Rich Jones the bordariz of Domesday were cottar-tenants of bord-lands or table-lands, paying rent in kind to supply the lord's house or table. Wilts Domesday, p.\xi. cf. N.J. Hone, The Manor, 47. Dr. Straton, however, assures me that the term Borderers is used in this document as equivalent to ‘‘ Bounderers,”’ a name applied to the tenants of lands in the purlieus. 3“ For themselves and all their tenants”: B. (without mention of * In- habitants.”) 4“ Bowes ” (Hoare, iii.,p. 187,) omitting ‘at their pleasure.” 5 Aubrey (who made his notes between 1656 and 1691) states that in his day the only beeches found in Wilts were “at Grovely.” He surmised, or had “‘a conceit, that long time ago Salisbury plaines might have woods of these.” ([Bp.] Tanner, however, cir. 1695, told him of three very large _ beeches in a wood at Market Lavington). ‘About the middle of Grovely Forest” (says Aubrey) “‘ was a fair wood of oakes, which was called Sturton’s Hatt. It appeared a good deale higher than the rest of the forest (which was most coppice wood), and was seen over all Salisbury plaines. In the middle of this hatt of trees (it resembled a hatt) there was a tall beech, which overtopt all the rest. The hatt was cutt down by Philip II. Earle of Pembroke, 1654; and Thomas, Earle of Pembroke, disafforested it, an°. 1684.” Nat. Hist. of Wilts, ed. 1847, p. 54. U 2 296 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. Whitmonday! at night every Saturday and half-holiday once, videlicet in the Evening; and every Holiday and Sabbath Day twice, videlicet in the Morning and in the Evening.” (5th.) Item. The Lords and Freeholders of Wishford for themselves and® their Tenants have ever by Antient Custom and time out of mind used‘ to fell in Grovely and in Right may lawfully fell and bring away about Holy Thursday * every year one Load of Trees upon a Cart to be drawn by strength of People, and the Lord Freeholders of Barford for themselves and their Tenants have used and in Right may fetch® one other Load of Trees on Whitson munday upon a Cart to be drawn also by strength of People.’ (6th.) Item. All the Lanchards,’ Balkes,? Waters, and other Boundaries whatsoever, which divided the Forest from [the] other Liberties Parishes or Hundreds, are and ever have been accounted parcel of the Forest. [Jtem 6 is not found in MS. B.] (7th.) Item. The aforesaid Lords, Freeholders, and Tenants of Great Wishford and Barford St. Martin have had or of Right should ever time out of mind have, yearly brought unto them against every Whitsunday by the Ranger or his Assigns one fat Buck, the one half to Wishford and the other to Barford! to make merry withal amongst the Neighbours. And the Ranger 1_2 «* Whitsunday, every half-holiday and sabbath day twice”: B. This usage was commuted by Philip, Earl of Pembroke, for a yearly rent- charge of £6, ‘‘ because it was a prejudice to his deer in that chace, being about fawning time.” See below. Subsequently, in 1703, Thomas, Earl of Pembroke, again exchanged this rent (and the arrears) for a sum of £260. And Sir T. Howe, for £220, thereout, finally granted a rent-charge of £10 per annum on the Manor of Stapleford, ‘‘ to repair and find ornaments for Wishford Church,” considering that the old custom of bough bearing had been used to adorn the Church. 3« And all”: B. 46 “ Used to fetch on Holy Thursday”: B. 67 Their load of trees upon Whitsunday upon a cart to be drawn home with mens strength”: B. 8 Lanchards, sometimes spelt ‘‘ Lanshers,” or ‘‘ Landshares,”—le lansher de West Harnham, occurs in St. Nicholas’ Hosp. Cartulary, pp. 124, 1384. ‘“‘ A lanshard is a strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable land in the common fields.”” Davis, Gen. View of Wilts Agriculture, 1809. Dr. Straton defines the “lanshard”’ or Jandshare, as the borderers’ headland between the balk and their field. They turned their plough on it. 9 Baulks, or meres, are extensive green paths or boundaries. Wilts Arch. Maq., xvii., 294. 10 Falstaff exclaims to the Merry Wives (v. 5) ‘‘ Divide me like a brib’d- Bucke, each a Haunch.” According to Aubrey (Nat. Hist. of Wilts, ed. Britton, 4 p., 1847, ch. x.. p. 58, ‘The deer of the forest of Groveley were the largest fallow deer in England,” though in one exceptional instance the finest buck of all, weighing 8 score 1 lb., was from Cranbourne Chase, and was 2lb. heavier than the monarch of Groveley, about 1650. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 297 is to have from each of the Manors of Wishford and Barford one white Loaf and one Gallon of Beer and a Pair of Gloves or Twelve pence in money for the whole,! and if the Ranger do not bring nor send the fat Buck, then the Inhabitants of either the said Manors or any of them after that day may go into the said Forest and kill and bring away a Buck for each of the said Parishes at their Pleasure, and then the said Ranger is not to have anything? (8th.) Ztem. Theaforesaid Parishes * of Wishford and Barford have and time out of mind have had and of Right ought always to have Common Highways thro’ Highwoods at all times,’ and herbage and pawnedge there for all Beasts and Cattle and Hogs ° as aforesaid. (9th.) Ztem. The Lords and Freeholders of Wishford and Barford, for themselves and all their Tenants, have also in Antient Custom, and by Right may fetch, all kind of Wood from the Trench at their Pleasure. [Jtem 9 is not found in Ms. B.] (10th.) Ztem. The old Custom is, and time out of mind hath been, that the People and Inhabitants of Wishford Magna and Barford St. Martin may lawfully gather and bring away all kind of dead snapping wood, boughs and sticks that be in the woods of Grovely at their Pleasure® without Controulment; and none other besides them at any Time may lawfully fetch any away. 7 [This “custom” or time-honoured privilege is in MS. B. limited to ‘the poor people of Wishford and Barford,” not abusing the woods. It is printed as item vj., near the end of this paper. | (11th.) JZtem. It is not nor ever hath been lawful for the Ranger or his Keepers or any other in Right of the Forest to pitch any Hays ® or catch any Conies, without the Standards ° of the Hedge Row of the King’s Copses or Woods of the said Forest. (12th.) Jtem. The Lord of Wishford Magna” hath had,and of Right ought to have, the office of fee Forester in Grovely" who in Regard of his Office is 12 B. says nothing of this alleged right to kill. 3 Partys; B.; parties: H. + Highway through Highwood at all times for carts to go: B. > Omit ‘and hogs:” B. § This custom ‘‘ as to snapwood is still a valued privilege of the Wishfordites.” Rev. E. H[ill, Rector], Letter to the ‘ Salisbury Journal,” 31st March, 1885, 7 May lawfullie fetch any there, any time: H.,7.e., Hoare’s Modern Wilts III. (Hundred of Dunworth), 188. 5 To pitch hays, or hayes means (I suppose) to fix hedges or fences, to keep in the game, &c., keepers were not to encroach on the borderers in so doing. °«Standars”’ : H., ibid., ‘‘ Standard of the hedge range.” B. (Without the remainder of this item). 10 The Lords Royal of Wishford and Barford: B. (See further, item viij., near the close of this paper. 1 Free forster: B. 298 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. by: himself his Deputy, or Assigns, to walk the said forest in the north side of Grimes Dike called the Trench, and by himself his Deputy or servants to do his best endeavour by all means to drive, chase, and keep the Deer out of the fields the North side of the Trench, and to chase and keep them into the King’s woods from damaging the borderers. His fees by antient Custom are, and he hath had, and of right ought to have, a fee certain in money, the right Shoulder! of every Deer that is killed within the said walk, and also the Skin if he kill the Deer himself.” He hath also had, and by the antient Custom ought to have, four loads of (the) wood commonly called Chimney Wood,’ yearly, and every year in Highwood, and all the Moots,* Dotes,’ and Windfalls within his walk; and, after the Coppices ® are one year old, he may have, and of Right ought to have, feeding for two Calves and one Colt’ in each of them at his Pleasure till the Copse hedges® are taken down, and then he ought also to have all the said Copse hedges within his walk (except only twenty Lugge,” which are due to the Ranger for the time being), and the Lord of Barford Saint Martin hath the office and fee in the South Side of the Trench sometimes called Grime’s Dike aforesaid. (13th) tem. The Ranger in Grovely for the time being, by himself, and all his under-officers, and his servants, should, and in right ought, from time to time [to] do also all their best endeavours by all means to lodge and keep all the Deer within the Hedge Range of the King’s woods and Coppices in Grovely at all times and to preserve all the borderers from hurt and damage. [Item 18 is not found in MS. B.] 1 Right shoulders : B. 2 The Lord or Forester in the Forest of Arden sings at Jacques’s request : ‘‘ What shall he have that kill’d the Deare? His leather-skin and hornes to weare.” As You Like It, iv., 2. «A glover at Tysbury,” writes Aubrey, cir. 1656—85, “ will give 6d. more for a buckskin of Cranbourne Chase than of Groveley; and he saies that he can afford it.” (Nat. Hist. Wilts, ed. J. Britton, p. 59.) 3 Of wood commonly called chimley wood (H.). Cheminage, derived from chemin, is a toll from those who pass through a forest. But “Chimney Wood,” here, is probably nothing more than fire wood, from cheminéeé. 4 Moots: roots of trees left in the ground. Akerman, V. Wilts Glossary, 1842. Otherwise called “‘ stowds.” G. E. Dartnell and E. H. Goddard. 5 Dotes: decayed or rotten wood. 5 After the cop’ces there: H. 7 Or [sic] a colt there: B. ® Cop’ces and hedges: H. ° A lug in forest measure was (or is) 18 feet in length, 13in. more than the statute rod, pole, or perch, of land measure. Davis, Agric. of Wilts, p. 268, cited by Dartnell and Goddard. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 299 (14th.) Item. There hath been within the Forest of Grovely, Fee fo[re]sters, Verderers,' Agisters,? and other officers,’ as in other Forests of the like kind, which said officers, 4 or some of them, from year to year, when any of the King’s Coppices of the said Forest were appointed to be sold, have ever used and in Right ought now yearly at every Sale, ° to set such reasonable prices upon every acre ° thereof as in their conscience they think meet, convenient and reasonable. And the Lord of the Manor of Wishford’ aforesaid hath had, and in Right and ancient Custom ought still to have for himself, his Freeholders and Tennants of Wishford aforesaid, so many acres thereof as is convenient to supply their needs, of the best, amongst the rest of the Officers, at the same price so set by the said Officers. And likewise the said Lord of the Manor of Great Wishford hath had, and of Right and [by] ancient Custom he ought [still] to have to his own use all the Corners that did fall out in Measure in the Sale ® of any Coppices on the said North Side of the said Trench, without yielding any thing for the same. Only he was to allow the two Keepers on the said North side of the said Trench two of them, videlicet each of them one corner. And the Lord of Barford St. Martin was to have the like for himself, his Freeholders, and Tenants there, and at the same price. And the Corners that fell out at any Sale ° on the South Side of the said Trench. And the King’s Officers, that measured the said Copses so sold, were to have two shillings for every Acre, commonly called Earnest Money. ([Jtem 14 is not found in MS. B.] (15th.) Item. The Custom is, and ever time out of mind hath been, that the Lords and Freeholders of Wishford Magna and Barford St. Martin, and their Tenants, [and servaunts] by themselves, their Servants and Assigns, may take and fetch in the woods of Grovely Speeke Rods,’ and Breeding Rods,!! for their Houses standing within the said Manors of Wishford and Barford. 1 Verderers: ‘“‘viridarii,” “ custodes nemoris.” (Blount.) 2«The King hath four agistors in every Forest, where he hath any Pannage.” (Jbid.) They were made by royal letters patent, and had duties connected with cattle sent to pasture there. See Manwood, part i., Of Forest Laws, p. 336. 3—4 H. omits this clause. 5 Wall : Hf.” 6 Hverie ffens: H. 7 In 1392 half the manor of Wishford (‘‘ Wychford ”) was held by T. Bonham of the Duke of Lancaster. Inquis. ad quod damnum, 16 Ric. II., p.1, n. 151. 8—! In the fall: H. Wl Sneeke Roddes: “Spike rods: ” B., probably ‘‘ spicks,” or “‘spars,”’t.e., hazel rods split and bent for use in thatching. Breeding Rods: ‘‘ Breading rods”: B. “Spike rods and braiding rods, 7.¢., those rods that stuck in, and those others that lay flat, as still usedin thatching.” (C. R. Straton). 300 = Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. And also Fould-Shoars! and Wrethers? to be employed within the said Manors, at all times without Controulement, and every one of the said Lords and Tenants, that do use to fetch such, ought to give the Ranger one Hen yearly at Shrovetide,* if he require and send for the same. (16th.) Jtem. The ancient Custom is, that at all Courts holden for Grovely, the Jury or Homage for the said Forest hath ever been made, and in Right ought stil] to be made of the Freeholders, Tenants, or Inhabitants of Wishford Magna and Barford St. Martin aforesaid, and of none other. (17th.) Jtem. The Lords, Freeholders, Tenants and Inhabitants of the Manor of Great Wishford, or so many of them as would, in ancient time have used to go in a dance to the Cathedral Church of our Blessed Lady in the City of New Sarum on Whit-Tuesday,‘ in the said County of Wilts, and ! Fould-Shoars; fold-soles: B.; stakes to be pitched for supporting hurdles. 2 Wreathers (or wrethers: H.; “wreaths”: B.) either the long rods for wreathing or twining into hurdles; or else, more probably, perhaps, the ‘* shackles,” or rings, woven or wreathed of wattle, or frith, whereby the ~ “sails,” or uprights, at the extremities of two adjacent hurdles, are coupled at once to the “ shore,” or stake, between them, and likewise to one another. Such rings I have heard called ‘‘ vaves,”’ both in Wilts and Dorset ; and also “ wrathes.”” The polite ironmonger will offer a wire ‘‘ wreath” as the modern substitute. ‘ Hold soles’’ (or “ fold-shores’’) are the wooden stakes to which the hurdles are fastened to form a fold. 3“ Shroftied’: H., “at Shrovetide, one hen even so many as do use to fetch and none others, if the hens be demanded”: B. As cocks were provided by schoolmasters for their scholars to “‘shy” at on the Shrovetide holiday, so, hens may have come in useful for laying Lenten (and Easter) Eggs. Dr. Straton says “‘ They wisely called for delivering of hens at Shrovetide for economic reasons, but the older reason was the scape goat idea, and was connected with sin shrift.” 4 Hoare’s text reads ‘‘On Twesdaie’”’ (omitting ‘‘ Whit”). The “Dance” to the Mother Church of Salisbury may have been con- nected with the procession to pay chimney-money, ‘“‘ smoke-farthings,” or Pentecostal oblations. But, after the Restoration of Church and King in 1660, the date was changed to the 29th of May in connexion with the annual thanksgiving then instituted. The custom was kept up until the beginning of the nineteenth century. ‘‘The last survivor, who took part in it, died in 1871, in her 88th year, and she described it to me [writes Mr. Hill, the Rector in 1885,] as a regular revel, with booths and shows erected in the Close. It was therefore, suppressed, but still two women, as a depu- tation, from the bough-bearers, went in with oak-branches, which they reverently laid on the altar of the Cathedral Church: the last person who performed this ceremony died so lately as 1853.” Salisbury Journal (after) 31st March, 1885. About March 28th another correspondent, ‘‘ W. L.” [Farquharson] mentioned that the people taking part in the procession used to dress in white, and that they assembled first at ‘‘ Townsend Tree,” at the south end of the village street. They still in 1885 carried oak-boughs in procession but only as far as the rectory, and performed their dance there. (I | By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 301 there made their claim to their custom in the Forest of Grovely in these words Grovelp! Grobely!! and All Grobelp! !! (18th.) Ztem. The Lords, Freeholders, Tenants and Inhabitants of the Manor of Barford St. Martin, or so many of them as would, in ancient times used also to go, the same day, in the like Dance, to the said Cathedral Church, and there made their claim to their Customs in the said Forest in like manner in these words, Grobelp, Grobely, Grobvelp!!! John Bower, Clerk.! John Parker. George Carpenter. Christopher Hibberd. William Carpenter. James Carpenter. Walter King(s)man. Francis Walker. Robert Hayter. These Customs, written in the two leaves next before, are part of the ancient Customs which the Lords, Freeholders, Tenants and Inhabitants of Great Wishford and Barford have, and ought to have in Grovely aforesaid. his (Signed) Christopher ee I vanner (Signed) Edward King(s)man. [mark] (Signed) John Deer, junr. (Signed) John Hampton. (Signed) John Milles. (Signed) Nicholas King. (Signed) John Slitherthorne.? (Signed) Stephen Catkut.? (Signed) Robert Wartham. (Signed). Ed. Mundi.‘ [The next section is illustrated by an old map (dated, as it seems, “1589”) which is preserved in the Earl of Pembroke’s muniment room, and which Mr. G. R. Kendle has kindly shown and explained tome. Itis founded on the Perambulation of the Forest of Grovely made in the seventh year of King Edward I. (1279). well remember the men with tall-hats, Sunday coats, and white gloves, dancing solemnly on the lawn at my father’s parsonage, the Vicarage, Stanford-in-the-Vale—which in earlier times had been in the diocese of Sarum—when I was a boy, about 1855, at the annual club feast.) A gentleman who lived in Wishford before 1870 remembers the young oak-tree being carried in procession at Wishford, but at that period the object in view was not the Cathedral Church at Salisbury, but an inn at Wishford, bearing the sign of the Royal Oak, one appropriate enough for festivities held on on the 29th of May. 1Mr. J. Bower, or Bowre, was Rector of Wishford, 1573—1637. His name occurs with those of some of his parishioners on a file of the Wilts Quarter Sessions, as representing the case of awoman named Michael [sic] London (11th Dec., 1602), apparently holding a small farm, who is treated very ill by an unnatural son, W. London. Hist. MSS. Report various, i., 71 (8vo, 1901.) ? Hitherthorne: H. 3 Oatkat: H. 4 Edmunde (dlank): H. 302 That Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. of 1299 was held in 33 Eliz. (1591) to be the only one of authority. Each copse or holding is ornamented on the plan with a sketch descriptive of the nature of the land or wood, in the manner fol- lowing, so far as in my ignorance of terms of venerie and of heraldry I can describe it :— (I.) GRovety, north of Grimes Diche, in GREAT WISHFORD :— Mr. Bonham’s Copses. A hart feeding. Ashgore® cops. A hart tripping. Haddon cops. Hart couchant. Bemerhill cops. Hart, at speed, chased by a hound and a hunter on foot, with spear, winding his horn. Ipsburie cops. Hart, at speed, amid four trees. Stokfold’ cops. Hart, at speed (as chased by the hound, represented in Bemerhell enclosure). Rodnell,} alias the foure sisters cops. Hart, at speed, reguardant. Pontingstones cops. Coney (or hare) courant. Little Langford copses. Huntsman, on foot, with bow discharged, (Sturton’s hatte) hound catching wounded hart. Also a partridge couchant. Part of Swinesborowe. (II.) Grovety, south of Gryme’s Diche, in Barrorp St. Martin. Rowden cops. Hart at speed, chased by hound. Sandegate cops. Hart, feeding. Thornehill cops. Hind, tripping. Chilfinch cops. Hart, tripping, belling. Appledore cops. Hart, feeding. Hempeshil cops. Hind, standing. Shortingegrove cops. Two harts, the one feeding, the other standing. The railes wherein the Lodge of Grovely stands. House and lodge. Hart at speed. Mr. Willoughbies copses. Hart reguardant. Pitcops. ? Hind, walking. Bleardon cops. Hog, or fat coney (?). Gouldeokes cops. Hart, passant. Part of Swinesborowe. Snapes cops. extract from the Terrier (kindly supplied by Dr. Straton) will serve to illustrate the foregoing list of coppices, &e., taken 1 Hoare’s Modern Wilts, Dunworth Hundred, 183. 2 Ashgore: ‘“‘ Ashgoze” Ed. Hoare, u.s. (For some other variations of names, see p. 304, below). 3 Stotefold: H. 4 Radneth: H. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 303 from the plan of 1589, and to show the position of the Lord in Grovely. It mentions also the keeper’s hens. Grovely:] ‘‘ And it is to be known that the Lord hath within the Forrest aforesaid all the liberties aad priviledges belonging to a forrest, and may keep Swainemotes and Woodcourts to enquire of Vert and Venison and al] other Trespasses committed in the Forrest aforesaid by the Verdict of good and lawful men and inhabiting within the parishes and hamlets following (that is to say) In Barford, Baverstock, Dinton, and the half of Teffont, Hanging Langford, Little Langford, Ditchampton, North Ugford, and Wishford. And the Lord hath within the Forrest aforesaid one pasture called the Railes to his own proper use and for his deer and wild beasts and the said pasture contains by Estimation 60 acres in which do grow diverse timber Trees. And further the lord hath within the said close called the Railles one faire Lodge for his Tenant to inhabit with a hall, parlour, kitchen, cellars, and diverse other rooms within the Lodge with a garden and Court enclosed with a Pale Hedge and Ditch, and there is also another Lodge for to keep another Tenant and there are deer and wild beasts in the said Forrest as it’s said by view 300 kc. “And it is to be known that the Lord hath within the aforesaid Forrest a place viz'. ati the Hast end and West end and also a Woodward for the Forrest and for the woods of the Lord in Dinton and Rygley. ‘And it is to be noted that the Keeper hath Wood Hennes in all parishes and Hamletts within the Forrest aforesaid.” (The Pembroke Terrier, p. 155.) In N. J. Hone’s Manor and Manorial Records, at p. 43 on the plan showing a virgater’s holding in common fields of some manor, un- named, kine and horses are depicted in the common pasture, a hunting scene in the waste, bordering upon the woodland, and a sow and pigs in the pinfold: also a barge rowed upon the water. Likewise, in the sectional map of Ramsbury Manor, showing Aldbourne Chace and the Lye Plain, at p. 109, cows, bulls, oxen, sheep, and horses may be discerned ; but the scale of reproduction is too minute to be distinct even with the help of a magnifying glass. The custom of filling spaces in maps with animals is as old as the thirteenth and fourteenth century Mappa Mundi at Hereford Cathedral, the natural (or preeter-natural) history whereof is described in N. & Q., 2nd Ser., iv., 434. But in the sixteenth century it is very noticeable! In the maps of Ortelius (Antwerp, 1“ Geographers in Afric maps, With savage pictures fill their gaps, And o’er unhabitable downs Place elephants for want of towns.” (Swift.) 304 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. 1584,) we find tents in Tartary, a sword-fish and whales in the tropics, a naval battle near Madagascar, four sheep grazing at large on the Emerald Isle, cows grazing or being milked in Holland, Neptune and a nereid catching tunnies in the Mediter- ranean, stags in Hungary, horses near the Carpathians. The maps of Russia and Tartary and China are full of curious details (pp. 91—3). S.E. of Japan are a brace of mermaids doing their hair regardless of the onslaught made upon a ship by whales. In the Levant, Jonah is thrown overboard. Elephants in N.W. Africa, a sea-horse south of Malta, camels in Arabia and Media, mounted archers in the Crimea, the Great Cham, Prester John, &c., &c., give character to the maps. Is it possible that in the manorial maps, the pictorial sketches serve not only to embellish the drawing, but to indicate the character of each copse or field ? (vi.) This amongst other things was presented by the jury of Wishford [15 Mar. and Barford, and delivered into the Court kept in Grovely, the 1603-4.] 15th March, 1603. a We say that Grovely doth consist only of fourteen Coppices lying together, the one adjoining to the other (that is to say) Ashgrove Copses [Ashgore | Haddon Copses Bemerell’s Copses [Bemerhill] Ipsbury Copses lying on the north side of Steleford Copses [Stokfold]? Grime’s Dike in the Parish Radnett’s Copse [Radnell* or Four| of Great Wishford. Sisters] and Poltensstone Copses [Powting- stones | and Rowden ae Sangall Copse [Sandegate] * ; : r : lying on the south side of Thornell Copse [Thornhill] | Geimea Dike withio EME Chilfinch * Copse Appledore Copse Hempshill Copse, and Shortingrove Coppice Anp we do further present that divers of those Coppices are greatly decayed Parish of Barford St. Martin, in the County of Wilts. } | | by means that the Woodward of late time at the Sale of any Coppices have d sold all the Woods in the said Coppices without reserving any to repair the — | i 1 See Hoare’s Modern Wilts, iii., 189—90. 2 Stotefold: H. 3 Radneth: H. 4 Sangate: H. 5 Chilfench: H. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 305 hedges, that have been greatly in decay, of other young Copses formerly, for the use hath been, and still ought to be, that at the sale of every Coppice there there hath been taken and reserved sufficient Wood to repair the Hedges of all the young Copses formerly sold, until they have been seven years old, whereas now the Woodward doth sell all without reserving! any for that purpose, and therefore where any of the Hedges of the young Copses are in decay, fell and cut down the Woods in the nearest Coppice thereto, which Coppice being then in common and unclosed the spring thereof are [sic] utterly destroyed. Further, we say that those Coppices, being but small in quantity and barren, and the Deer many in number for want of Pasture are enforced, for their relief, some to leap the Hedges of the young Coppices, if possibly they may, and others to range abroad without the heart and regard of the Forest into the purlieus, and some altogether forth of the regard or heart of the Forest and Purlieus also, into foreign places,? and being chased home, and finding there little pasture and less hay, they are enforced for the most part of the Winter to leave with Cats-tails* which hang on the tops, of the Hazels,* in pulling down for the said Cats-tails they break and thrash all, when they are four or five years old, to the great spoil thereof. Further, we present that the Inhabitants of Berwick St. James, Stapleford, Stoford, Newton, Chilhampton, Ditchampton, and Wilton, do often use, as namely Good Wife White of Stapleford, and others there, John Hooper of Stoford and divers others there. John Baker of Everall, the Clerk of Newton and divers other there, and out of Ditchampton some, and out of Wilton very many,—do often resort into Grovely Woods and fetch fern and wood there, without any authority for the doing thereof. And therefore we humbly desire that reformation thereof may be had by the Rangers and Keepers there. AND LIKEWISE we present that whereas the Lords and Tenants of Wishford and Barford St. Martin have common of Pasture in Grovely for all manner of Cattle to go and feed there at all times of the year, excepting only for Cattle of two teeth® and Goats and Pigs above one year old in the Fence month® only. And whereas some of the Poor Neighbours of the said Wishford this Present winter, 1608, did according to their right and custom drive some of their Cows and Beasts, and put them into the Woods of the said Grovely, there _ to pasture, the Beasts then being left there in their Common, and afterwards going by chance into the young Copses, and the Woodward finding them there, through his own default for not looking to the mending of the Hedges as he ought to do, but suffering them to lie shamefully open and all to’ torn 1 Preserveing: H. (iii., 190). 2 Forrayne partes: H. 3 1 leave with Catts tayles”: H. i.e., to live off hazel-catkins, 4 Topp of harsells, w*" hasells: H. 5 See above, p. 294 n. 5 See above, p. 294 n. 7 allto” =altogether. Cf. Judges, ix., 53 (A.V.). 306 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. to the great spoil of the young Coppices, did take them and cause them to be impounded, to the great wrong and oppression of the poor borderers, and made them to pay money for their beasts, before they could have them out of the Pound, IN CONSIDERATION whereof, we humbly desire that reformation hereof may be had, and that the Borderers may not henceforth be in like sort wronged and oppressed any more by the Woodward, who hath offered this hard measure more than any Woodward! or Wood Officer 2 did ever heretofore. This, among other things, was presented by a Jury of the respective Parishes at a Court held in the year of our Lord 1603. (vii.). p.47. Indenture Tripartite, made 14th May, 11° Annex, A.D. 1712, between (1) Sir Ri. Howe, of Wishford, Bart., (2) T. Shaw, minister, and HK. Parker and J. Eves, churchwardens of Wishford, and (3) Sir James Howe of Berwick St. Leonard, Bart., Dr. J. Younger, Dean, and Ri. Eyre, canon of Salisbury, Edmond Lambert of Boynton’ Esq., and W. Windham of Dinton, Esq. respecting the £10 per annum paid from Mr. Baker’s Estate of Stapleford to Wishford Church, ‘‘ upon Trust therewith to repair and find ornaments for the said Church of Wishford and for such other uses as the Lord of the said manor of Wishford for the time being, the minister, Churchwardens and Parishioners of the said Parish of Wishford att their Vestry shall from time to time direct.”’ ‘“WuerEAS The Lord of the Manor and parishioners of the Parish of Wishford aforesaid Did, time immemorial, use and enjoy a laudable Custom yearly in the month of May to cut down and carry away Boughs of Trees growing in the Chase of Grovely in the said County of Wilts (being part of the Estate of the Farls of Pembroke) therewith to adorne the said Church of Wishford, And whereas the right hon"! Philip late Earle of Pembroke,’ finding that the said usage and Entry on the said Chase in the said Months of May was a prejudice to his Deer in that Chace, it being about fawning time, Dip come to an agreement with the said Sir Richard Howe, Lord of the said Manor of Wishford, and the Parishioners of the said parish, and did grant to the said Parishioners an Annual Rent Charge in Fee Simple of Six pounds a year issuing out of a Meadow called Burtenball Meadow in the Parish of Wilton in the said County of Wilts, AND whereas the said rent of £6 has been much in Arrear, and [sic] the Right Hon?" Thomas now Earle of Pembroke’ ‘In J. Ivie’s account of the Salisbury storehouses in 1659, there is reference made to an earlier woodward to the third Earl of Pembroke. St. Nicholas Hosp. Sarum Charters, pp. 1xxx., lxxxi. The woodward’s fees from this hospital in 1661 are noted, ibid, p. 275. See also pp. 309-10, Nos. 7, 10, on the Duke of Kent’s steward and the woodward of the hospital in 1734. 2 Woodward: “ Wooder or wood-ofticers’’: ed. R. C. Hoare, Dunworth Hundred, 190. % Boynton, i.g., Boyton. 4 Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Probably the seventh Earl, 1674—83. 5 Thomas Herbert, eighth Earl of Pembroke 1683—1733, Lord High Admiral, 1702, 1708, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 1707. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 307 hath agreed with this said Lord of the said Manor and Parishioners To give them the sum of £260 of Lawful money of Great Britain in case they would Release their Right of the said Rent of £6 and the Arrears.” [14 May, 1712.] (Signed by) R*. Howe, Tho. Shaw, Edw?. Parker, John Eve, William Cowdry,( ... ) John Alexander, William Eve, William Moody. Sealed and delivered by Tho’. Shaw (Minister) ; Ri. Lewis Wit= Edw? Parker Churchwardens W. Davis Heskes John Eve eo Dan". Nolan : [pp. 69—70 of the Rector of Wishford’s notebook ave cut out.] (viii.) p.71. Testimonial by James Goulden, Schoolemaster of Wishford, certifying that at the request of F. D. Williams, Minister, and the Church- wardens and Parishioners, he had truly copied the aforementioned Indenture and Discharge, on 11th April, 1828, from the Original Document, lately found by Mr. Josiah Trubridge of this Parish, and much damaged by being exposed to the damp, with a view to mending and repairing it. ** Notes at the other end of the Rector’s MS. volume. (ix.) The Church wall was built in the year 18138. The Church repaired and the Gallery enlarged, in 1829. Rev. Frederick De Veil Williams, Rector. (x.) On the 7th of June, 1841 the Census of Wishford parish was taken by James Goulden junior, when the population was 358. [283 in 1901]. In 18381 it was 362. [In 1811 it was 291. In 1801 it was 346.] In 1821 it was 372.! ' In 1840 the late lady Chedworth’s monument which stands in the Church Yard was repaired at the expense of the two sons of the Mr. Thomas Penrice to whom the Chedworth property was left. In 1864, The Church was restored? and the N. aisle added. The pillars of the 2 Arcades are reproduced from the pilasters found under the pulpit and Gallery, the 2 extremities, doubtless, of a 8. Aisle. (xi.) In the same year the Schoolrooms were enlarged and thrown into one, with a moveable partition between. A kitchen, parlour, staircase, &c., &c., were added for the Master’s use. When Dr. H. Compton, Bishop of London, instituted a religious census in 1676, it was found that there were no papists or non-conformists at Wishford. The number of Church-people or inhabitants above the age of 16 was 245; adding 63 per cent. for those of younger age, we may give the total population as 395 in 1676. (cf. Wilts Notes and Queries, iii., 537.) ? Wyatt, the architect, added a heavy top storey to the Church tower, with four crocketted pinnacles, and rebuilt the fabric rather than restored it. 308 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. (xii.) Jan. 6th, 1841. 82 Houses, supposing Wm. Gray not removed from the Lane. [Deduct]. 2 Do. of these, viz. Ch*. Shergold in part of Fred* Shergolds, and the house late R*. Down. [Leaving total,] 80 Houses [inhabited]. [xiii] Terrier of Whishford Parish: extracted out of the Registry of the Lord Bishop of Sarum.—A note of all the Glebe : [This heading only has been copied into the book, and then the same handwriting proceeds (xiv.) with a memorandum of an inscription which was legible on the monument in the cross aisles in the body of the Church of Gt. Wishford, in 1821. (Another scribe adds the note :—‘‘ Hight of the little Statues were then taken down; the other seems, from the Parish Register, to have been removed by the carelessness of some workmen in placing a rough quarry stone on the grave of a Robert Hillman about 200 years ago.—This Inscription was in the ancient Church Text).! Beneath the Inscription are the small figures of nine young children in brass. This Mr. Bonham’s wife had two children at one birth the first time, and he, being troubled at it, travelled, and was absent seven years. After his return, his wife was delivered of seven children at one birth. In this Parish is a confident Tradition that three of the? children were all baptized at the font in this church, and that they were brought thither in a kind of charger,’ which was dedicated to the 4 church, and hung on two nailes neer the belfry* on the south side, which are to be seen there yet. Some old men are yet living that [doe] remember the charger. This tradition is entered in[to] the Register Booke there, from whence I have made this narrative [1659]. [J.] Aubrey. The note in the parish records, signed “by me, Roger Powell, Curate there April 10th, A° Dni 1640,” is cited in Offer and Hoare’s Modern Wilts, Hundred of Branch and Dole, p. 49, and the injury done to one of the nine images of young children by the workmen that laid the “great quarry stone upon the grave of 1 Ancient Church Text : I presume he means not the fextus evangelii upon the altar, but simply that the words of the Bonham monumental inscription (which we omit here, because a more accurate transcript than that which the Rector’s notebook supplies will be given by Mr. C. E. Ponting to our readers) were expressed in gothic or black-letter script. 2«*That these seven”; Royal Soc. MS. of Aubrey’s Nat. Hist. of Wilts, f. 180. 3 Chardger : 7b. 4 This: 7b. 5 Belfree: ib. The story has been told recently by Mr. A. G. Bradley, Round about Wiltshire [1907] pp. 323—4. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 309 Robert Killman, lately buried,” is mentioned.1 “ The statues of the said Thomas and Edith Bonham are said to be in a hollow- vaulted arch under the wall in the north side of our Church, and such statues there are. His statue lies next to the door of the said side, and her statue at the foot of his.” “By me Roger Powell, Curate there, April 10th, A.D. 1640.” ? The story was told to the editors of Modern Wilts (see there, p. 48) in 1825, in the following form:—*There is a very old monument in memory of one Bonham, lord of the manor, in solid stone at full-length, drest in pilgrim’s habit, with a leathern belt round his waist, and pouch or scrip by his side; and as report says [he] was the father of seven children born at one birth, and all brought to Church in a sieve to be baptized. The occasion of this wonderful event was said to be, that their family coming on very fast they were mistrustful that they should not be able to maintain them, and so agreed to part for seven years, and if neither party was seen or heard of, to be at liberty to marry again. He went abroad, and she was in England with the babies; the time was nearly expired, and the lady on the point of marriage. The news was made known to him (report says) by a witch, who con- veyed him home instantly, and [he] found his lady to be married the next day. He was at first denied admittance, for he had not shaved himself the whole time, and no one remembered his person until he produced the ring they had broken. Then he was into- duced to his lady, who acknowledged him, and at the next birth 'Mr. Roger Powell (probably e coll. Exon. Oxon.) the curate from 1612 to 1640, merely testifies that these Bonhams (Thomas and Edith, named in the inscription and represented on the monument) 200 years before his time were ‘‘said to have been that Bonham and his wife that had seven children at one birth,” and that his own recollection of the effigies of nine children dated from twenty years back. 2 The local tradition at Wishford in 1885 was that the small and curious female figure, which is worked on the same stone as the cushion on which Thomas Bonham’s head rests, represented the witch (mentioned in the story as related on this page) whispering to him that his wife from whom he had been so long separated by mutual consent was about to be married to another on the morrow, and that she would spirit him off home to forbid the match. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. x 310 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. she had seven children, and it is said was buried in the Church, and a representation of them laid in brass, which is now [1825] to be seen.” The Rector of Wishford’s notebook proceeds :— (xv.) The next is a beautiful monument in the chancel, of Sir Richard Grobham, and his Lady Margaret,' at full length, representing life, he dressed in armour, and she by his side. This great warrior slew a wild boar in Groveley Woods, which was the terror of all the neighbourhood, with his sword alone, which sword is now to be seen, and the real cap of armour which he wore.? He founded four Alms-houses, which afford each of the inmates 6s. 6d. per week. (xvi.) About 7 feet from the front door in the first aisle in Wishford Church on a blue marble monument is the following inscription :— Here lieth the Body of William Asgille late Rector of this Church, who died the 8th of the Calends of October, Anno Domini 1480, on whose soul God have mercy. Amen. “W. Algar” instituted in 1418, died Sept. 1430. Hoare and Offer give the inscription in its latin form with a third variant’for the name :—‘‘ Hic jacet Will’m’s Allen, nuper Rector ecclesiw hujus loci, qui obiit viii. die Kalend. Octob. Meccexxx. cuius anime propicietur deus. Amen.” (xvii.) April 28th, 1845. The Midsummer Tithes sold to Mr. Runden sf aynes PeLOMDS. Sir R. Hoare mentions that the “banner, sword, helmet, and crest of Grobham” were suspended over the east window, and “an old piece of embroidery ” was “ over the altar,’ Branch and D., p. 48. The Grobham crest is “a boar’s head, or.” That of Grobham- Howe, “a dexter arm in armour, erased below the elbow fessways, and holding in the hand a scimitar erect proper, pierced through a boar’s head couped sable.” Sir T. Grobham, having been steward to Sir T. Gorges, was enriched out of the hull of a Spanish galleon from the Armada, wrecked near Hurst Castle and granted by Q. Elizabeth to Lady Gorges. Hundred of Branch and Dole, p. 46. 1 Margaret, daughter of W. Whitmore, of London, esquire. Sir Ri. Grobham died 5th July, 1629, aged 78. The monument is represented in Hoare’s Modern Wilts (Branch and Dole), facing page 49. 2 Wilts. Arch. Mag., xvii., 317. Dec. 5th, 1842. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 311 (xviii.) Lord Chedworth’s Estates, Their Value, and to whom sold. 1. Great Wishford | 28,100 Lord Pembroke 2. Little Wishford | 1250 do. moiety of 3. Stapleford | 10,000 Mr. Claridge 4. Berwick St. James 5,000 Lord Malmesbury 5. Langford | 17,500 Mr. Baring 6. Winterbourne Stoke | 36,100 Do. 7. Maddington | 8050 Mr. Biggs. 8. Heckleston 4600 Mr. Gaby for (Mr. Pinn) 9. Netherhaven | 4200 Mr. Compton (Mr. Buck) 10. Enford 11,400 Mr. Poore 11. Littlecott 3300 Mr. Hunt 12. Enford Tithing 6600 Mr. Bennett 13. Fifield Tithing | 3250 Mr. Gaby 14. Longsheet do. 4350 Do. 15. East Chisenbury 3850 Do. 16. Compton 1100 Mr. Hussey 17. Keynton 33,100 Mr. Codrington 18. Nettleton 22,500 Mr. Gaby 19. Malmesbury | 225 Mr. Pitt 20. Highworth | 1240 Mr. Cawdry 21. Itchingwood Farm | 16,200 Mr. Phelps for 22. Court Farm | 20,000 Do. do. 23. Day’s Farm 13,500 Mr. Elweys 24. Proctor’s Farm 16,000 Do. 25. Advowson 4400 Do. (xix.) The Gloucestershire Estates, not sold, supposed to be worth £10,000 per annum. (xx.) All the above Estates subject to pay for Timber that are at a Rack Rent down to 2s. 6d. per stick. The Timber on the Lifehold Estates to pass with the Land. [Finis. ] The present Rector of Wishford has also kindly sent me two or three newspaper cuttings from which the notes immediately following are gleaned. Notes by Rev. E. Hill, in the Salisbury Journal, April, 1885 :— “This small parish has maintained a fire-engine of its own since the year 1728, when the parish bought one? for £33 3s. In the nineteenth century a churchwarden (Robert Saunders) was elected sixty times, consecutively, but for the break of one year. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries a Rector (John Bower), who ' This Fire-engine was bought for the Parish Church, and the ownership vested in the Rector and Churchwardens of Wishford (see Decree in High Court of Justice, Q.B. Div., 1896). x 2 312 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. died in 1636, had held the rectory for sixty-three years and two months. W. L. [Mr. Farquharson, writing.in the same journal, noted that about 1885 the Midsummer tithes were usually let for about £14. They proceed from [Wilton] Abbey Mead, on the Warminster side of Wishford, and from another piece of water-meadow. The customary method of letting is peculiar. The clerk of the parish paces up and down between the Church porch and the gate, with the Church key in his hand, for half-an-hour before sunset on Rogation Monday (the letting of the grass holding good from that date till November). The highest bidder offering before sunset is the purchaser. As the sun sets, the clerk strikes the gate with the key, and thus closes the auction. Under the path that runs beside the south wall of the chancel lies a corpse that was buried seven years after death. The widow of John Brown, a farmer in Wishford, was placed in a lead coffin under the dining-room table (in the farmhouse now destroyed) about 1800, and retained there until her sons could come and take possession, as by the terms of their tenure the premises were to be held only while one of the family was on the spot. Her late husband had become the only freeholder in Wishford by an un- disturbed possession of the premises and land for twenty years. (W. L.) Since the foregoing paper was read at Wilton, and while it was in the press, Dr. Straton has kindly sent me a transcript of these Customs in their Elizabethan form (1597) as they have been transmitted through a terrier of Wishford drawn up or transcribed early in the reign of George II. (1729).1 The Elizabethan Customs consist of only ix. (or x.) paragraphs or items which in the next reign had grown to fifteen, the claims or privileges of the freeholders (and, in one instance, at least, those of the lord of Wishford, as “fee forester,”? viz., in § 12 of 1603 as 1 Copy of terrier A.D. 1728 (Pembroke MS8.), now in the Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, No. 1484, incorporating customs of 1597, 1632, &c. ? Or “ fee foster,” (incorrectly written ‘‘free forster”’ in 1729. By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth 313 compared with § viij. of 1597, see p. 314, n. *), having become apparently larger, as. freedom “broadened ”’ somewhat swiftly— “down, from precedent to precedent,” in the course of half-a-dozen years. Of the fifteen items of which the swm of the customs of 1603 consists as we here print it from the Rector of Wishford’s Note- book, as transcribed in 1822, no less than six cannot be found in the customary of 1597, as copied in 1728. This will be seen from the following table of comparison of sections :— A.D. 1597 A.D. 1603 A.D. 1597 A.D. 1603. a a ———— ss 1, == iE (vacat) | 9 (vacat) 2 Vj. = 10 (vacat) 5) vij. = 11 ij. a 4 Vill. a 12 ii). == 5 (vacat) (vacat) 6 (vacat) 14 iiij. = if ix. = 15 v. == 8 [x.]? ~ (vacat) The Elizabethan collection of customs opens thus :— “The customes of the Manor of Great Wishford and Barford St. Martin set down in writing Anno Domini 1597° and regni domine nostre Elizabethe 40°. ‘“« Impr*., the lords and freeholders of Wishford and Barford have and ever had an old anciente custom and of right Ae to have for themselves and all their tenants common of pasture The principal variations in what follows in the document of 1597—1729 have been indicated as far as possible in the notes on pp. 294—300, above. But in the case of the fifth atem of 1597 it seems best to give the conclusion and addition in this place, to- gether with the said seventeenth century additions and the con- clusion of the whole. 1Ttem x. in the Wishford Terrier of 1728 relates to a former custom of fetching wood from the Trench for the common oven at Barford, and that at Wishford. Whether the writer of the terrier had it before him in his document of 1597, or whether he derived it from the Survey of 1632, which he was also using, seems at least questionable. Dr. Straton agrees with me in thinking that Mr. Penruddocke Wyndham obtained his copy of this item from some independent source distinct from the 1597 ‘* Sum.” 314 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. v. (See p. 297, Item 8 of A.D. 1603) coneludes as follows :— ‘“. . . . eommon highway through Highwood at all times for carts to oie and herbage and pawnage there for all beasts and cattle as aforesaid. ‘‘And yet now of late near 20 years past, one Mr. Roger Earth being ranger there, hath to the great hurt and damage of Wishford and Barford aforesaid impaled with a large pale a certain wood called Highwood parcells of the said Grovely whereby the Lords of the said Manors their freeholders and tenants are barred of their common there. Whereas the said Mr. Earth at and before the impaling of the said wood persuaded that he desired only to impale the said wood only to keep in the deer to lye there, and so no way to offend the corn, and to no other purpose whereas notwithstanding the corn never received the like hurt by the deer as since it hath and specially this last year through the wilful negligence of Mr. Thomas Bonham now Ranger there! and his keepers wherefore we have herein humbly to crave my lords a double favour that there may be a reformation for otherwise thro’ the wilful spoils of the cornfeilds the poor borderers will be mightily impoverished. “vj. (=Item 10 of 1603.) ‘‘Ztem it hath ever time out of mind been an old custom for the poor people of Wishford and Barford to gather or fetch the dead snaping sticks that lye in the wood, and not otherwise; but if otherwise they abuse the woods there, they are left to the Ranger’s courtesey and his keepers. ‘“‘viij. (= 12). Item the Lords Royal of Wishford and Barford ought to have office in the wood which is called free forster,? whose office is to walk the wood to the trench three times in the week and to set up a bough at the lodge door every time to keep koppice hedges after they are made that the deer should not get in and to keep the deer out of the Corn. His fees are to have the right shoulder of every deer that is killed within his walk and the skin if he kill the deer himself and all the old coppice hedges when they are taken down, except 20 luggs that is due to the ranger, and every year 4 loads of wood out of Highwood & all the moote dotes & windfalls within the coppices and after the coppices are a year old to have the feeding of two calves or a colt* there.” After item 9 (=15), relating to the keeper’s right to wood hens at Shrove-tide, the copy of customs of 1597 (in the terrier of 1728) draws to a conclusion thus :— “The names of the jurors that made the presentment “ Barford. “John Parker, Nicholas Kingman, John Glyde, Edw. Ewe, John Aynole, Nich*, King, Robert Hayter, John Deere sen", Walter Kingman, John Perry. “ Ditchampton. Philip Clare, Leonard Calcoate.” 1T. Bonham the elder, was High Sheriff in 1395 and 1410. The second d. in 1469, and another (perhaps the Ranger in question) was High Sheriff in 1531. > Free forster: a mistake for “ fee forster.” 3And a colt: (1603). By the Rev. Chr. Wordsworth. 316 «“ N.B.—This presentment I had’ from a paper I found all in my father’s own handwriting. “I found another presentment of the same nature under Mr. Dennett’s hand said to be taken at a Court Baron and Court of Survey holden for Barford, 29 March 1632. « N.B—There was paid from the Earls of Pembroke before the manor was purchased 13s., called, I think, Law Day Silver, as I find in old rentals.” [The use of this term may be illustrated from St. Nicholas’ Hospital rentals. See its Chartulary, p. 293.] Mr. Wyndham adds from some record (not yet identified by us) the following “item” relating to the pistrina communia, where, presumably, the bakemeats were made ready for the village feasts +n connexion With the “ scotales” and “ church-houses” as well as for the general convenience of the neighbours, in days long gone by :-— [x.] ‘‘ Item. The Lords and the freeholders of Wishford and Barford for themselves and all their tenants have an ancient custom always to fetch wood from the Trench to the common ovens one in Wishford the other in Barford as occasion is given to the neighbours to bake there and they always did until Mr. Hoo’s time? at which time he began to spoil the wood of the said Trench and ever since it hath been yearly spoiled more and more to the great loss of the Inhabitants of the said parishes, and in the present year Mr. Hugh Davis one of the Woodwards hath caused wrongfully to be cut down the woods of the said Trench and sold the same away to strangers.” There are at the British Museum Wishford Court Rolls of the years 1391, 1392, 1454, 1457. Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Modern Wilts, Hundred of Dunworth, pp. 183—5, mentions two Stowe MSS. relating to “Groveling,” a Perambulation of 7 Edw. I. (1279) and another of 28 Edw. I. (1299, or 1300), which in 33 Eliz. (1591) was held to be the authoritative document. There is also one of 3 Charles I. (1627). 1 The transcriber was Mr. H. Penruddocke Wyndham, M.A., M.P., F.S.A., F.R.S. He was born in 1736 and died in 1819. He was Sheriff of Wilts in 1772. 2 Joan (sister of Sir Ric. Grobham, who d. in 1628) married J. Howe, of Compton, co. Glouc., and succeeded to the Wishford estates in 1596. (Hoare, Branch and Dole, 46). George Howe, a “servant ” of the late Sir Ric. Grobham, occurs in 1630, and there were Grobham-Howes with the Chedworth title. 316 Customs of Wishford and Barford in Grovely Forest. Adam Atteford et Johannes de Bonham are named as occupants of Wishford, in Brenchesborowe Hundred, in the Nomina Villarum of 1316, holding their tenure under the Abbess of Wilton. An iron-bound Church chest, or coffer of Spanish oak, at Wish- ford Church is mentioned in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxx., 155, as having been represented in the Art Journal, Oct. 1898. In his serviceable Wotes on St. Martin’s Church, Salisbury, 8vo, 1906, Mr. T. H. Baker has printed in latin (pp. 139—40) and English (pp. 163—4) some memoranda relating to Grovely and Wishford and preserved in the parish chest of St. Martin’s. In Groveling (or Grovely) forest: the custody of le North Bayley moiety, as Grymesditch divides it (rents, &c. after the decease of W. Quintyn; Ese. 25 Edw. iii. n. 61; A.D. 1351) belongs to the manor of Wycheford and has house bote &c.! and pasture for animals. Ro. Brent holds the manor, as of the Royal duchy of Lancaster, in socage, by service unknown. sc. 9 Hen. v. n. 25 (1421-2). W. Ruyntyn [? Quentin] of Wishford held 1 messuage, 60 acres of land, 3 acres of meadow, and 8s. rent in Great Wishford, in chief, by serjeanty to be the King’s forester in Grovely, and by service of payment of 2s. yearly at Sarum Castle. Msc. 15 Edw. iii. n. 17 (1341). Ten years later, at his death about 1351, his tenure in fee of his demesne is described as 1 messuage, 1 hide of land, 10s. rent, paying by service (besides the 2s. to the king) 20s. to the prior and convent of Maiden Bradley. Hsc. 25 Edw. iii. n. 61. In 1355, Nicholas Bonham established his claim to the stream and fishing of the Wily, within the moiety of the manor of Great Wishford. Roll 19, inter Placita cheminorum, 29 Edw. iii. Tally Office. About 1404-5 (Pat. 6, Hen. iv.) the King granted the Keepership of Grovely forest, Clarendon park, &c., to John de Beaufort Earl of Somerset, and (after his death in 1410) to Prince Humphrey (Pat. 11 Hen. iv.) Exemplification of Pat. 3 Ric. ii. (1379-80) post mortem Eliz. Stubbere, as to the custody of lands in the vill of Bereford St. Martin, and the bailywick there, called le North bayley. sc. 7 Hen. v. 1419-20. Other records have been noted by Sir R. Hoare, Modern Wilts, (Branch and Dole), 209; (Dunworth), 226-7. *,* The word ‘ parish” is a mistake for ‘‘ diocese” in line seven from the top of p. 292, above. 1Dr, C. R. Straton remarks that this record at St. Martin’s, Sarum, sup- ports the supposition that the loads of wood brought back were really house-bote (xxxii. 302) for the repair of the early wattle houses in the village, quite apart from the boughs for the dance and the religious ceremony of “bough-day.” 317 Alatural Distory Aotes. A Bittern was shot at Bradford-on-Avon in January, 1897, and was stuffed by Mr. C. Pepler, of Trowbridge. The Great Black Woodpecker in Wilts. Ze Standard, Sept. 30, 1897, contained the following letter :— “The Great Black Woodpecker.—Sir,—As the Rev. A. P..Morres’ letter seems to suggest some doubt as to the genuineness of the specimen referred to in my former letter, being in Warminster, I hunted up the son of.the late Mr. King, who stuffed the bird in our collection, and he ‘informs me that as a lad he has a very clear recollection of the bird coming to his father in the flesh for preservation from Longleat. He also stated that it made a great impression on both his father and him, as never before or since had they seen a similar specimen. ‘‘T am endeavouring to obtain further corroborative evidence from some of the old servants or tenants at Longleat, but I think that the above is fairly substantial evidence that at least one Great Black Wood- pecker has been killed in England. ‘**T am, Sir, your obedient servant, HK. A. RAWLENCE. Newlands, Salisbury, September 22. This was followed, Oct. 4, 1897, by a letter from Lieut.-Col. Gostwyck, stating that he had shot a Great Black Woodpecker in 1863 near Endsleigh, in Devonshire. The Stonehenge Bird. Wotes and Queries, 24 April, 1897, under this heading has a long quotation from ‘“‘ Ars Quatuor coronatorum,” in connection with a tradition that immediately before sunrise on the longest day a bird perches on the gnomon stone, and flies away as soon as it has seen the sun rise, and that throughout the rest of the year no bird ever alights on that stone! Stegosaurus in Wilts. [Note by the late W. Cunnington, F.G.S.] Two large spines of Stegosaurus were dug from the G.W.R. cutting near Wootton Bassett. They came into my hands through the kindness of Mr. H. N. Goddard and are now in the Natural History Museum at S. r Kensington. Casts of them were made by order of Prof. Owen and these I placed in our Society’s Museum. Prof. Owen in his monograph on the reptiles of the Kim. Clay, published by the Palwontographical Society, described the creature under the name of Omosawrus, but the knowledge of the animal’s structure was then very limited, and the 318 Natural History Notes. American discoveries of Prof. Marsh had not then reached us. Prof. Owen considered that these large spines, which must have been four feet long, were claspers, fixed to the front feet. Little Bustard. The Rev. A. P. Morres reported in Salisbury Journal, Oct. 16, 1897, that one of these birds was put up on Sept. 29, by Mr. W. P. Cole between Roche Court and Over Wallop ; whilst a notice in the Field, Nov., 1897, copied into the Devizes Gazette, says, over the signature of “F. Reynolds (Devizes), “A Bustard was moved about a fortnight since on Salisbury Plain near Market Lavington. One of the party, who has seen many of the birds in India, had a good view and is quite certain that it was a Bustard.” Quail. Mr. Edward Cook, of Devizes, writes that a Quail’s nest with ten eggs was mown out at Aldbourne in June, 1907. Two Quails were seen at Clyffe Pypard in the autumn of 1907. The Lizard Orchis (0. fircina). Mr. G. Chivers, of Devizes, on July 3rd, 1907, procured from a boy who had picked it in the neighbour- hood (it is, perhaps, not advisable to say precisely where) a flower of this curious and extremely rare plant. The spike, which had some fifty blooms on it, was photographed, and blooms from it, by the kindness of Mr. Chivers, were shown to several competent botanists, 80 that there is no doubt whatever as to the identity of the plant. Its chief habitat in England is in Kent, and even there it is very rare. This is the first occasion on which a plant has been known to occur in Wiltshire or its neighbourhood, and it is earnestly to be hoped that, if it flowers again next year, anyone who finds it will not only not pick it himself, but will keep its locality strictly secret from other collectors, in order that this most interesting plant may at least have a chance of establishing itself in the county. It must have found its way here by natural means, as it could not have been an escape from a garden. BK. H. Gopparb. o19 CHilts Obituary. Rt.Rev. Rich.Allan Becher Webb,Dean of Salisbury. Died June 12, 1907. Buried in the Cloisters, Salisbury. Born Oct., 1839. Son of Allan Webb, M.D., of Calcutta. Educated at Rugby and Scholar of C.C.C., Oxford. B.A. 1862, M.A. 1864, D.D. 1871. Deacon, 1868; priest, 1864 (Oxford). Fellow and Tutor of Univ. Coll., Oxford, 1868. Curate of St. Peter’s in the East, Oxford, 1863—64; Vice Prin. of Cuddesdon Coll, 1864—67 ; Rector of Avon Dassett, Warws., 1867—70; Bishop of Bloemfontein, 1870—83; Bishop. of Grahamstown, 1883—1898 : when he resigned and became Provost of Inverness Cathedral. Dean of Salisbury, 1901, until his death. He married, 1867, Eliza, d. of Rev. R. B. Bourne, Rector of Donhead St. Andrew, who survives him, as also two. sons, Mr. A. C. B. Webb, Chancellor of the Diocese of Salisbury, and Mr. C. J. B. Webb, of Bournemouth. His twenty- eight years service in the two S. African dioceses included much good work done both for Church and Empire, and after his retirement he returned to South Africa at the earnest request of the Metropolitan of Capetown to use his great influence and knowledge in the work of the re-organization of Church life at the end of the South African War. As Dean at Salis- bury he was greatly respected and beloved, not by Churchmen only, but by all with whom he came in contact. His funeral was attended by a representative gathering of nearly two thousand people. He was the author of Four Papers on Woman's Work for Foreign Missions ; Addresses on Day of Intercession, 1881. ; The Minister of the True Tabernacle; Thoughts and Suggestions for the Eve of Ordination, 1888. The Priesthood of the Laity in the Body of Christ ; Addresses for a Parochial Quiet Day, withIntroduction on Confirmation, 2nd ed., 1889. Life of Service before the Throne, 1895. The Unveiling of the Eternal Word ; Addresses on the Old Testament, 1897. The Presence and Office of the Holy Spirit. Twelve editions. Obit. notices, Times and Standard, June 13; Salisbury Journal and Wiltshire Times, with good portrait, June 15 and 22; Wilts County Mirror, with good portrait, June 14; Guwardian,June 19. Sermon preached in Cathedral on June 23, Wilts County Mirror, June 28, and Salisbury Journal, June 29; sermon by the Bishop on the same date, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, July, Salisbury Journal, June 29; African Monthly, July : Bloemfontein QuarterlyPaper, Oct.,1907, a good account of the Bishop’s work in S. Africa, reprinted in Wilts County Mirror, Nov. 8, 1907. Pe 7 ROS ree — 320 Wilts Obituary. Ambrose Denis Hussey-Freke, of Hannington Hall. Died Aug. 4, 1907, aged 71. Buried at Hannington. Born Jan. 13, 1836, s. of Ambrose Hussey, of the Hall, Salisbury, M.P., (who died 1849). M.A. Oxon. Married, 1862, Florence Mary Spencer, d. and heir of Col. Freke, C.B., of Hannington Hall, when he took the name of Hussey- Freke. He had sixteen children, of whom thirteen survive him. J.P. and D.L. for Wilts. In all the district of Swindon and Highworth no man was better known or more universally respected than he. Throughout his life his time and energies had been given without stint to the public service. He had been Chairman of the Swindon Bench of Magistrates for fifteen years. He had been a member of the Swindon and Highworth Board of Guardians since 1864, and their chairman (with the exception of one year) since 1871. He represented Highworth on the County Council from its beginning until he retired four years ago. He was a trustee of the Broad TownCharity. In 1873 he was appointed Chairman of the Rural Sanitary Authority of Highworth and carried out the duties of chairmanship over that body when it became the Highworth District Council until his death. In all these positions, and in connection with all sorts of other local matters, his wide and long experience of the administration of the Poor Law, and of other county business, his practical commonsense and good judgment, his tact, and the geniality and genuine kindliness of his dis- position, as well as the unfailing regularity, almost to the last, with which he attended to all the duties, which his many offices brought upon him, gained him the affectionate respect of all with whom he came in contact. Few country gentlemen have served their county better than he, and the crowded churchyard at Hannington on the day of his funeral showed what those who knew him thought of his life. Obit. Notices, Devizes Gazette, Aug.8; N. Wilts Herald, Aug. 9, 1907. Rt. Hon. & Rev. Everard Aloysius Gonzaga, 13th Baron Arundell of Wardour, died July 11, 1907, aged 72. Buried at Bournemouth Cemetery. Sonof the 11th Baron. Born Sept. 6, 1834. Educated at Stoneyhurst. B.A. London University. As a Roman Catholic Priest he worked at Manchester, was in charge of the Trowbridge Mission for some years, afterwards taking charge of the Mission at Westbourne, Bournemouth, where he was well-known and beloved for his generosity and earnestness of life. He succeeded to the title in October, 1906, but this made no difference in the life of poverty which he lived in small lodgings in Bournemouth. He is succeeded in the title by Mr. Edgar Arundell, of Cannington, Bridgwater, who is descended from the 9th Baron. Obit. notices, Salisbury Journal, July 13; Devizes Gazette, July 18 ; Wilts County Mirror, July 19, 1907. Wilts Obitwary. 321 Lord Percy St. Maur, died July 16, 1907. Buried at Maiden Bradley. Born 1847. Educated at Harrow, joined Royal Fusiliers, 1868, retiring as Major in 1883. Married, 1899, Hon. Violet White, d. of 2nd Ld. Annaly. He leaves three daughters. He was brother and heir-presumptive of the Duke of Somerset. Francis William Leyborne-Popham of Littlecote, died July 15, 1907, aged 45. Eldest surviving son of Francis Leyborne-Popham, of Littlecote, who died in 1880. Married, 1890, Maud Isabel, youngest daughter of Henry Howard, of Greystoke Castle, Cumberland. J.P. for Berks and Wilts. Harcourt Coates, died 16 June, 1907, aged 54. Buried at Laver- stock. Himself a surgeon, he was the son of William Martin Coates, and grandson of W. H. Coates, both of them well-known as surgeons at Salisbury before him. He was a student at University Coll. Hospital, M.B.C.S. and L.B.C.P., afterwards joining his father and brother in practice at Salisbury. Retired from general practice in 1905. He was elected surgeon to the Infirmary in 1885, as his father and grand- father had been before him, and it is for his zealous work in connection with this institution that he will be chiefly remembered in Salisbury. Obit. notices, Wilts County Mirror, June 21; Salisbury Journal, June 22, 1907. Richard H. Ludlow-Bruges, died June 30, 1907, aged 62. Buried at Seend. S. of W. H. Ludlow-Bruges, M.P., D.L. Born at Seend, June 29, 1845. He had been paralysed for 25 years. Obit. notice, Devizes Gazette, July 4, 1907. Sir William George Pearce, 2nd Baronet, of Chilton Lodge, died Nov. 2, 1907, aged 46. Buried at Chilton Foliat. Son of Sir William Pearce, 1st Baronet (to whom the Fairfield Shipyard, on the Clyde, owes its existence), and his wife Dinah Elizabeth, d. of Robert Sowter, of Gravesend. Born at Chatham, July, 1861, educated at Rugby, Glasgow University, and Trin. Coll., Cambridge. M.A., LL.B., 1884. Called to the Bar of Inner Temple, 1885. Conservative M.P. for Ply- mouth, 1891—1895. Purchased the Chilton Lodge estate in 1890, having succeeded to the baronetey in 1888. Married, 1905, Caroline Eva, d. of Robert Coote. He leaves no heir. Took a very prominent part in shipping and ship-building circles, having been at one time a director of three steamship companies. These positions, however, he had re- cently resigned, but remained chairman of the Fairfield Ship-building and Engineering Company. He built the Church House at Hungerford at considerable cost. Obit. notice, Devizes Gazette, Nov. 7, 1907. Rev. Richard Winstanley Allsopp. Died Sept. 14, 1907, Sd | ike SMART aged 75. Buried at Bishop's Lavington. Born at Fressingfield, Norf., Emm. Coll., Camb., 8.C.L. 1855 ; LLB., 1864. Deacon, 1856; priest, 322 Wilts Obituary. 1857 (Oxford). Curate of Shrivenham. 1856-57; Coleshill, Berks, 1857—75: Vicar of Hasterton, 1875—92; Vicar of Bishop’s Lavington, 1892 until his death. Married, 1875, Harriette Boileau Dawson, by whom he had five sons and five daughters. A High Churchman. Long obit. notice, Devizes Gazette, Sept. 19, 1907. Rev. Erneste Delabere Guillebaud, died July 30, 1907, aged 51. Buried at Yatesbury. Trin. Coll., Camb., B.A., 1880. Deacon, 1881; priest, 1882, Durham. Curate of Corbridge-on Tyne, 1881—1883 and 1885—86; Fairlight, Sussex, 1883—85; Sheepy, Leics., 1886—87 ; Rector of Yatesbury, 1889 until his death. Obit. notices, Devizes Gazette, Aug. 8; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Sept., 1907. Rev. George Woodberry Spooner, died Aug. 25,1907, aged 95. Magd. Hall, Oxon., B.A., 1843. Deacon, 1842; priest, 1843 (Worcester). Curate of St. Clement’s, Worcester, 1842—44; St. Peter’s, Worcester, 1844—48; All Saints’, Langham Place, 1848—53; Perpetual Curate, St. M., Dunstall, Staffs., 1853—57; Vicar of Inglesham, 1857 until his death. Rev. John Edwards Prothero. Died Sept. 30, 1907, aged 64. Buried at Orcheston St. George. Educated at Shrewsbury School and Jesus Coll., Oxon. B.A. 1866; M.A., 1869. A master at Cambridge Grammar School for two years. Deacon, 1868; priest, 1669(St. David's). Curate of Begelly, Pembs., 1868—74; Llanllwch, Carms., 1874—176 ; Llandilofawr, 1876—78; Builth, 1878—79; Hay, Brecons., 1879—81. Rector of Orcheston St. George, 1881 until his death. Obit. notice, Devizes Gazette, Oct. 10; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Nov., 1907. Rev. William Henry Start. Died Nov. 18, 1907, aged 59. Buried at Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon. London Coll. of Divinity, 1874. Deacon, 1876; priest, 1877 (Sarum). Curate of Swanage, Dorset, 1876—80; Vicar of S. Thomas’, Trowbridge, 1880—1897 ; Curate of Swainswick, Bath, 1897—1900; Curate of S. Saviour’s, Bath, 1900— 1905; Vicar of Ch. Ch., Bradford-on-Avon, 1905 until his death. Obit. notices, Devizes Gazette, Nov. 21; Wiltshire Times, with portrait, Nov. 23, 1907. George Snailum. Died Nov. 19, 1907, aged 71. Born at Hillsley, Gloues., Feb. 11, 1836. Had lived at Trowbridge all his life. Began as a pupil teacher, entered the office of Mr. J. G. Foley, and in 1865 began business himself as an auctioneer and valuer. He was churchwarden of S. Stephen’s for thirty-six years, and took a prominent part in the public life of Trowbridge. Much respected. Obit. notices, Devizes Gazette, Nov. 21; Wiltshire Times, with portrait, Nov. 23, 1907. - _ * oy _ * ee rr 323 Arecent Ciltshire Pooks, Pamphlets, Articles, Ke. [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views in any way connected with the county to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers and members of the Society generally to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. | A School History of Wiltshire, by W. Francis Smith, B.A., Headmaster of the Calne County Secondary School. Calne: R. 8. Heath. 1907. Cloth, 74 x 4%, pp. xii. + 160. Double-page coloured Political Map, and Geological Map and 55 photo and other illustrations. This book was written to supply a need emphasised in the following admirable suggestion by the Board of Education upon its title page :— “In localities rich in historical associations, local history should be the basis of the instruction.” Mr. Smith begins his preface with the words ‘‘ When I first came to live in Wiltshire, a few years ago, I was astonished to find that my pupils knew absolutely nothing of the history of their own county or neighbourhood.” Mr. Smith might safely have said the same thing of nine-tenths of the adult population of the county. The plan of his book is good, he rightly dwells only on those periods of history when Wiltshire as a county came to the front; and does not attempt to give any general history of it in the intervening centuries. Thus the pre- historic period, the wars of Alfred, those of Stephen’s reign, and the Great Civil War occupy the chief portions of the book, with chapters on ‘‘ Celebrated Wiltshiremen ;”’ on ‘‘ Wiltshire Industries”; on “How Wiltshire is governed at the present day”; and separate short chapters on each of the principal towns—Bradford, Calne, Chippenham, Devizes, Marlborough, Old Sarum, Salisbury, Swindon, Trowbridge, and Warminster. The historical chapters are rather too full of facts, and therefore dry; it is very difficult in a school book to hit the happy mean in the matter of “facts.” The best part of the book, however, and the point perhaps in which it especially excells the usual school history book, is the prominent position given—and very rightly given—to the description of the prehistoric remains of the county—Avebury, Silbury, Stonehenge, the camps, dykes, and barrows, with the objects found therein. This section of the book is most commendably free from the 324 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. “woad” and ‘coracles,’’ and the usual stock-in-trade of the writer and illustrator of history books, when dealing with the ‘‘ Ancient Britons,” for the descriptions are for the most part archeologically sound and the illustrations are of objects now in the Devizes Museum. It isa pity, however, that in the chapter on the Romans in Britain there should be an illustration of a Bulla of Pope Boniface VIII. ! A slip, too, occurs in the chapter on White Horses, in which one of these figures is credited to Winterbourne Bassett, whereas Broad Town is the place at which it exists. The illustrations, in addition to those of objects from the Devizes Museum, include Wootton Bassett; G.W.R. Express Engine; Melksham ; Cherhill White Horse; Stones at Avebury; Silbury Hill; Stonehenge ; Wansdyke; Longleat ; Old Sarum ; Trowbridge ParishChurch ; Malmes- bury Market Cross, Abbey, and High Street; Salisbury Market Place, Poultry Cross, Close Gate, Cathedral W. Front, From Palace Grounds, Interior (2); Lacock Abbey; Portrait of Col. Penruddocke; Coate Reservoir ; Swindon, High St., Regent St., and Town Hall; Bradford, Saxon Church; Calne, High Street, The Hatches, Wessington Avenue, and Bacon Factory; Chippenham, The Bridge; Devizes Castle and Market Place; Trowbridge, Fore Street, Parish Church Interior, Town Hall, &c.; Warminster, Market Place, &c. Eoliths on Hackpen Hill. The Rev. H. G. O. Kendall is the author of an article in Man for June, 1907, vol. vii., pp. 84—86, entitled “The Case for Eoliths restated.” He founds his arguments on what he believes to be worked stones forming part and parcel of the drift on the top of Hackpen Hill at a height of 875 feet. Some of these cannot, he argues, have been carried up there and dropped by Paleolithic men, for they are abraded almost beyond recognition. How did the drift get on the top of Hackpen ? Mr. Kendall argues that it can only have been deposited there when the top of Hackpen was a valley bottom, 7.e., when the conformation of the country was entirely different from what it is now, and from what we know it must have been in Paleolithic times. Therefore the worked stones found in that drift must be of a date long anterior to the Paleolithic Age. George Crabbe as a Botanist is the title of an article by John Vaughan in Zhe Monthly Review, Feb., 1907, pp. 90—104. ‘lhe writer points out that Crabbe’s enthusiastic love of Botany has not been adequately noticed by those who have written on his works. He was the first English writer distinctly to depict natural scenery, and almost all his descriptions are of the neighbourhood of Aldeburgh, his birthplace. He was chiefly interested in the Grasses, Sedges,and Cryptogams. He even wrote an English treatise on Botany which was never published. The article is an interesting one but the whole of the Botanical references are concerned with the Suffolk coast. Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. 325 The Abbey Church of Malmesbury and its South Porch, by the Bishop of Bristol. An important paper in Zhe Treasury for Dec., 1906, pp. 281—291, with the following photographic illustrations :—The Inner Porch; 8. Side ‘Cas it was in 1897,” and “‘asit is now”; 8. Side of the Nave with the Watching Chamber; and the Outer Porch; together with one of the N. Door of the Chapel of St. Mary, Glastonbury, for comparison. The Bishop dismisses the idea that Bp. Roger had anything to do with the building of the Norman Church and believes that the real builder was Abbot Peter, civ. 1150. The Bishop traces the published lists of subjects carved on the S. Porch as coming from two sources, (a) the MS. Notes of an unknown tourist in 1634 (Lansdowne MS., 213, in the British Museum), which have been printed in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxviii., 168; and (b) the list given by Professor Cockerell in his book on the W. Front of Wells Cathedral. Of this latter the Bishop says ‘‘ Professor Cockerell’s identifications of the subjects are vitiated by his ruling idea that the zodiacal signs with their usual accompaniments are to be found on this porch. It is now practically certain that they were, or were to have been, on the Great West Doorway, and not here.” More recently (1901) Dr. M. R. James, Provost of King’s Coll., Cambridge, printed a paper in the Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, xlii., pp. 186— 147, on these sculptures, with the conclusions of which Bishop Browne finds himself in entire agreement. Beginning with the outer order of the arch, he regards the four medallions on the vertical portion of the door on each side, now greatly defaced, as representing 8 virtues triumphing over vices. (Prudentius treated of seven virtues and vices, but Aldhelm wrote on the eight principal virtues). The subjects on the arch are: on the left hand side, 5, Annunciation; 6, Nativity ; 7, Magi? or Shepherds ; 8, Magi, probably; 9, Mary carrying the Child, and Joseph; 10, Baptism ; 11, Entry into Jerusalem; 12, Last Supper; 13, Crucifixion; 14, En- tombment; 15, Resurrection; 16, Ascension; 17, Descent of H. Ghost. In the middle order there are 8 medallions, on the vertical portion on each side. None of these 16 objects can be identified with any definite scene. The subjects on the arch are: 9. An axe is given to Noah (by God, says the tourist, by Christ, says Dr. James) ; 10, Noah at work; 11, The Family in the Ark; 12, Sacrifice of Isaac; 13, the Ram ; 14, Joseph describing his dream to Jacob? 15, Burning Bush; 16, Moses striking the Rock; 17, Moses and Aaron and the Tables of the Law: 18, Sampson and Lion; 19, Sampson and the Gates ; 20, Sampson pulling down Temple ; 21, David and Lamb ; 22, David and Goliath. On the inner order there are 27 medallions. On the left, lowest three defaced; 4, a single figure; 5, Bird, Peacock? ; 6, Figure stooping with _ hands on ground; 7, two beasts; 8, angel Gussele these medallions represent the creation of Birds, Fishes, and Beasts) ; 9, Creation of Adam ; 10, Creation of Eve; 11, Tree of Knowledge ; 12, Temptation ; 13, Adam and Eve crouching under shrubs; 14, Almighty calling to them; 15, Expulsion from Paradise; 16, Spade and Distaff given; 18, Birth of a . VOL. XXXV.—NO. CVIII. a‘ = 326 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. Child; 19, Man leaning on tool or weapon and two other figures, The f Shooting of Cain by Lamech, says Dr. James. In the inner porch the Bishop regards the figures nearest to the inner door as Saints Peter and Paul respectively, the other Apostles having nothing to identify them, and he mentions that these figures were carved im situ, and that the outer and inner porches are of the same date, for the coursing of the stones is continuous throughout. ‘lhe figures, there- fore, in spite of their rudeness, must be of 12th century date. Sarum S. Edmund, Quingentenary Festival. June, 1907. Pamphlet, Tin. x 4%in., pp. 30. Price 6d. This little book, with four good illustrations, ‘ St. Edmund,” “ Seal of the College of S. Edmund,” ‘Interior of the Church before the Restoration,’ and ‘‘ Exterior of the Church as it is now,” contains a great deal of useful information as to the ancient and modern, more especially the modern, history of the Parish. The origin of the Collegiate Church, with extracts from the Foundation Deed; a short account of some of the most notable of the Provosts and subsequent Rectors, with a full list of both; the grant of the College to William St. Barbe at the dissolution; the breaking of the window depicting the Creation by the Recorder, Henry Sherfield, in 1629, and his subsequent condemnation by the Star Chamber; the fall of the Tower on June 27th, 1653; the building of the Schools under the Rev. T. H. Tooke, the restoration of the Church under Canon R. G. Swayne, and the building of the Rectory under the Rev. G. J. Cowley Brown, are all touched on, together with the more recent history of the parish and its various institutions. The useful little pamphlet ends with notes on the architecture of the Church. Monumental Inscriptions within the Church of St. Thomas, Salisbury, by Edward Bellasis, Lan- caster Herald, edited by the Rev. F. E. Trotman, B.A. Salisbury: Bennett Brothers, Journal Office. Wrappers, 84in. x 54in.; pp., including title, 62. Issued, 1907, to its members by the Salisbury Field Club. The whole of the inscriptions in the Church as far as they can be deciphered are given, together with notes of the heraldry, and the names and dates of many now covered by the organ and seats are given at the end. A very useful record, even those stones on which only a word or two can be read are given. Salisbury Corporation Plate and Insignia. A valuable article by Mr. C. Haskins is printed in Salisbury Journal, July 6 and 13, 1907, in which he gives a large number of references from the Corporation Ledgers and other sources of information, relating to the history of the various objects, which have not hitherto been printed. The present maces (Cf. W. A. M. xxviii. 46) were ordered on October 4, 1749, and were finished by May 24, 1750, when the fol- lowing minute occurs :—“ At this Council it is agreed that the new maces be accepted at the price of one hundred and eighteen pounds, and that Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. 327 the old ones be sold at five shillings and sixpence the ounce.” ‘The Sergeants at Mace before 1435 were two in number, but in that year they were increased to three, at which number they have since been maintained. The Mayor’s Sergeant at Mace was appointed for life, receiving at first 40s. and afterwards 53s. 4d. a year as salary. From 1449 to 1484, William Devenyshe held the office, being succeeded by John Brown. The Diamond Jubilee Silver Spoon, measuring 5ft. in length and weighing 93 ozs., was made for the Committee who carried out the roasting of the ox in the Market Square, in connection with the Diamond Jubilee celebrations. 4,000 persons paid for the privilege of using it to baste the ox whilst it was being roasted. After the festivities the spoon was presented to the Corporation. It bears the Royal Arms, the City Arms, and this inscription :—‘‘ In commemoration of the Diamond Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. A. Whitehead, Mayor.” These interesting notes end with this paragraph, ‘‘ The Corporation until recently possessed 24 antique brass candlesticks of the Queen Anne period. Twenty of these were used for the Mayor's banquet in 1896, since when they have been lost sight of.” They have, however, been discovered since this was written. The Find of Roman Coins in Grovely Wood. The Rev. G. H. Engleheart, F.S.A., writing to T’he Morning Post (copied by the Wiltshire papers), gives the lamentable history of the dispersal of this interesting find, which was described in Wilts Areh. Mag.. xxxv., 114. “Information was at once given and the entire hoard—except one coin which was lost by the labourer—sent to the Treasury by the landowner, the Earl of Pembroke. As is customary, the objects were submitted to the British Museum authorities, who retained the rings and thirty-six of the rarer coins for the National collection. The actual finder was suitably rewarded. On Feb. 8 last Lord Pembroke wrote to the Treasury requesting that the remainder of the coins should be returned to him for the collection at Wilton House, or for the Salisbury Museum. On April 5 he was informed that the coins would not be returned, but that he would be *‘ permitted” to purchase them all or in part at a total valuation of £71. Lord Pembroke took no notice of this remarkable proposal, but to a further communication from the Coin Department of the British Museum he replied by his agent that he declined to buy what ought to be his, and deprecated the action of the Treasury. On July 4 last, by order of the Treasury, all the coins, broken up into small lots, were sold by auction in London. This hoard . . . if preserved intact .-. . would have had a permanent historical and educational value. It is now irretrievably scattered and destroyed.” The action of the Treasury in this matter is doubtless ‘‘ good ” law, but it is uncommonly bad archeology. Vane 328 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. Cricklade. An article entitled “English Oral Tradition” in The Nineteenth Century for March, 1907, pp. 486—439, by the Rev. G. Monroe Royce, mentions as a curious instance of the survival of oral tradition the belief that “ anyone born in Cricklade has the right to sell any proper merchandise in the streets of any town in England and Wales without licence,” a privilege ‘‘ given to natives of this town because Cricklade gave refuge to a Queen in distress.” The author suggests that the old house known as Abington Court at Cricklade, in which a fine old oak bedstead is preserved (as inseparable from the house), was really the site of a Royal Hunting Box, which Charles II. is said to have been the last King to occupy. Bowood. Under the title ‘‘ Beautiful Bowood, the House and its history ; the Gardens and Pleasure Grounds; the Park and Woods,” the Devizes Gazette, July 25, 1907, has a long article, with process views, ‘‘ Front View,” “South Wing,” and “Italian Gardens,” giving a great deal of information not readily to be obtained elsewhere as to the history, plan, and details, of the House and Grounds. When the park was granted to Sir Orlando Bridgeman, the judge who presided at the trial of the Regicides, a house existed, which whether altered by him or not, is represented in a painting still preserved at Bowood. This plain square house was embodied in the present S.E. block. John, Earl of Shelburne, bought the estate in 1754, and employed the brothers Adam to re-model the old house. He died 1761, and his son William, Earl of Shelburne, and 1st Marquis of Lansdowne, continued the work, and built the south frontage of the Orangery and Library from the designs of the brothers Adam, who took the palace of Diocletian at Spalatro as their model: on the death of William, in 1805, his son John Henry, 2nd Marquis, succeeded but never resided:at Bowood, and dying 1809 was succeeded by his half-brother, Henry, 3rd Marquis, who added the Bell Tower, by Sir Charles Barry, the second Terrace on the 8. Front and Gateways, formed the Pinetum, built the “ Golden Gates ” Lodge, also from the designs of Sir Charles Barry, and collected the pictures. He died in 1863. The park and woodlands as they now exist were chiefly laid out and planted by the Ist Marquis. The account was revised and published in pamphlet form, as ‘“‘The History of Bowood. Devizes : George Simpson, Gazette Office, 1907.” [Cr. 8vo., 2 portraits, 3 views and plan, pp. 30. Price 3d.} John Duncan, Vicar of Calne) 1865—1907. Oxford, A. R. Mowbray & Co., Ltd., Church Printers. 1907. Cloth, 6jin. x 4iin., pp. 30. Two portraits and one other illustration. This little book by his daughter, Mrs. Whitehead, gives a short account of his life, and contains a number of appreciations of his character and work which appeared after his death in various papers, and others written specially for this book. Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 329 “Chippinge,” by Stanley Weyman, 1907. A novel of the time ofthe Reform Bill, the scene of which is partly laid in Wilts, about Malmes- bury, &e. “ Jetsam.” Story of an old labourer in a Wiltshire village, “ Stoke Friars.” Saturday Westminster Gazette, August 10, 1907. Battle of Edington, A long letter from W. H. Stevenson in The Atheneum, October 5, 1907, pp. 405—406, supports the Wiltshire site. Goddard Wills, by R. W. K. Goddard, Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica contains abstracts of 13 wills, of which three are those of Goddards of Wilts; Edmond Goddard, of Harnham, Wilts, yeoman, 1606; Thomas Goddard, of Standen Hussey, Wilts, Esq., 1610; and Richard Goddard, of Upham, 1615. The Eoliths at the Salisbury Museum. A letter from Dr. H. P. Blackmore defending their authenticity, Salisbury Journal, August 31, 1907. The Trial of Elizabeth, Duchess of Kingston, by Hugh Childers, a paper in The Nineteenth Century, Sept., 1907, pp. 457—465. Elizabeth Chudleigh, of a good Devonshire family, Maid of Honour to Augusta, Princess of Wales, was married secretly at Lainston, near Winchester, in 1744, to the Hon. Augustus Hervey, who became Lord Bristol in 1775. ‘They finally separated in 1747 and in 1769 she married the 2nd Duke of Kingston, who died in 1773, leaving her the bulk of his property and disinheriting his nephew, Evelyn Meadows. She was tried - in Westminster Hall by the Peers (as a Peeress) and found guilty of bigamy, but escaped any further punishment, and retained all her property. She resided occasionally at Kingston House, Bradford-on- Avon. (Cf. Wilts Arch. Mag., i., 275.) The Aldhelm Crosses in Somerset and Wilts. By the Right Rev. the Bishop of Bristol, F.S.A. Proceedings of the Clifton Antiquarian Club, 1906-7, vol. vi., pp. 121—127, with tracings of stones at Bradford-on-Avon and Littleton Drew, and photo of those at Colerne. The Bishop suggests that the seven stages of the funeral journey from Doulting to Malmesbury were: Frome, Westbury, Bradford-on-Avon, Bath, Colerne, Littleton Drew, Malmesbury. The Bishop regards the existing remnants of Pre-Norman Sculptured Crosses at five of these places as remnants of the crosses erected on the spots where the body of the saint rested. Of the Littleton stones he says: “It is evident ! that at least two of the sides were occupied by foliaginous designs of very unusual character, and another was occupied by a curious com- bination of the ideas of vegetable growth and interlacement of bands The west face of the stone is so much broken that its ornament 330 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, cc. cannot be made out, and it is unfortunately on this side that the in- scription is found which marks out this Littleton cross from all others in the district. The illustration shows all that remains of the inscription. perhaps a little more than there is really there. They are noble letters, larger than those on the Ruthwell cross; the letter A at Littleton, like that on the Acca cross, in the North of England, is over 3in. long. It is impossible to make out the inscription from the fragment now to be seen, only two or three letters being at all evident.” Mate’s Illustrated Salisbury, a Literary and Pic- torial Souvenir, with about thirty illustrations from copyright photographs. Bournemouth, 1905. W. Mate & Sons, Limited. Oblong, cloth, Qin. x 6in. On cover, “ Mate’s Illustrated Guides. Salisbury. Including illustrated guide to the Combe Road Building Estate. Price 1s. net.” Pp. 68 unnumbered. The excellent photo views are Castle Wall, Old Sarum, two panoramic views of Salisbury; Market Place; Poultry Cross; Cathedral from Harnham, from R. Avon, W. Front, N.E. View, Nave looking E., Choir looking E., Choir looking W., Reredos and Chantry Chapel, Chapter House, Lady Chapel, Cloister Court, From Palace Grounds; St. Edmund’s Church; Blue Boar Row; Close Gate; Church House; Old Sarum; Stonehenge; Amesbury, Salisbury Street, and the Church showing waterfalls ; Longford Castle; Wilton House, and Church. The description of the Cathedral seems the best part of the letterpress. The description of the Combe Road Estate is an advertisement of its advantages, with good photos of The Knoll, Harnham Bridge (2), Harn- ham Hill, Bouverie Avenue (2), the Reservoir, &c., entrance to Meyrick Avenue, Meyrick and Cecil Avenues, South Folly, Mount Cottages, view of Cathedral from 8S. Folly, The Beeches, North Folly, The Mount, Folly and Shrubbery, The Mount Avenue, The Cliff Path, Old Shaftesbury Road, The Knoll, view of The Close, &c. Salisbury. The visit of the Hampshire Field Club to the city on Aug. 19, 1907, is described in Salisbury Journal, Aug. 24, with the remarks of Mr. W. Dale, on the architecture of the Cathedral, and on the contents of the Blackmore Museum, in the course of which he expressed himself as strongly adverse to the Holithic theory. Salisbury Museum. The annual report appears in Wilts County Mirror, Aug. 9, 1907. Lavington. With reference to the heavy storm in this district in the latter part of July, the Devizes Gazette, Aug. 8, 1907, reprinted a long account of the storm in the first week of September in 1862, in the country between Easterton and the Lavingtons, where in less than half-an-hour hail was piled up in places to a depth of seven feet, the whole district was flooded, and immense damage was done to the crops over the narrow area covered by the storm. Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, dc. 331 Bradford-on-Avon Saxon Church. The dedication of an altar table and celebration of the Holy Communion by the Bishop of Salisbury, on St. Lawrence’s Day, Aug. 10, is noted in local papers and Church Times, Aug. 16, 1907. Salisbury. The Picco Illustrated and Descriptive Guide to Salisbury. Written by Mr. C. Godwin. Photographs by the Caxton Pictorial Company, Cheltenham. Printed and pub- lished by the Caxton Pictorial Company, Cheltenham. [Title on cover, ‘“‘Tilustrated Guide to Salisbury, with Map. 2d. Brown & Co., Salisbury.” [1907]. Pamphlet, 64in. x 44in., pp. 36, with a useless plan and 14 decent photo views of the City and Stonehenge and Old Sarum. The letterpress gives as little information as to the various buildings mentioned as possible, and that little in the vaguest terms. Tha Military Manoovers in tha Nayberhood a Zalsbury, Zeptember, 1907. By Measter Benjamin Sloper, being an account of the various operations. Also the Reception of the Wiltshire Regiment by the City of Salisbury. Price Sixpence. Salisbury, R. R. Edwards, 6, Castle Street. [1907.] Pamphlet, 7in. x 5in., pp. 27. One of Mr. Edward Slow’s dialect stories. Salisbury, St. Edmund’s Church, celebration of the 500th anniversary of its foundation, account. of sermons preached on the occasion, &e. Wilts County Mirror, June 14, 1907. Gilbert Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury. Article by John Barnett, in Macemillan’s Magazine, October, 1907, pp. 898—907. “The Longleat MSS. of Prior.” Article by Arthur Waugh, in Bookman, October, 1907, pp. 835—36. [This MS. has been published as ‘* Dialogues of the Dead, and other works in prose and verse. The text edited by A. R. Waller. Cambridge University Press, 1907.” 4s. 6d. net. | ‘*Ruddylocks and the Elves of Stonehenge. A story for children, by Edward Wright, 3 illustrations. The London Magazine, October, 1907, pp. 228—232. Richard Jefferies. Article by Edward Thomas, Temple Bar, February, 1906, pp. 97—100. = ore ** An open air classic” article by Edward Thomas, on Jefferies’ “Story of my Heart,’ in Bookman, October, 1907, pp. 54—55, identifying some of the ‘‘ thinking places” in Wilts and else- where which figure in the book. 332 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. ‘*The Graves of Three Washingtons,” by H. C. Potter, article in The Century, February, 1907, pp. 509—516, with illustrations of Garsdon Manor House ; a fireplace in ditto ; Garsdon Church; aisle and chancel of ditto; tablet to the Washington family in ditto; com- munion plate presented to Garsdon Church by the widow of Laurence Washington ; ruins of Malmesbury Abbey and Abbey House. Malmesbury Abbey and Lacock Abbey. Included in Messrs. Puttick & Simpson’s sale, of July 31, 1907 (lot 289), was an atlas folio volume dated 1801, containing 54 beautifully finished sepia draw- ings of these two buildings by John Carter, apparently from the Stourhead Library. West Ashton Mineral Water. An article in Gentleman’s Mag., April, 1905, p. 392, on Charing Cross and its immediate neigh- bourhood contains the following paragraphs :— “During the rage for mineral waters, those of the West Ashton Mineral Well, near Trowbridge, in Wiltshire, discovered in the year 1731, were to be had of the sole vendor in London, Daniel Gach, Druggist, at the King’s Arms, near Craven Street, in the Strand.” ‘‘ By drinking and washing with this water more than 100 Persons have been already cured of Wounds, from one to upwards of twenty years standing, of Scorbutical Eruptions, of sore Eyes, sore Breasts, the Leprosy, and the King’s Evil.” ‘«‘N.B.—Lodgings may be had at the same place (? West Ashton) and in the Town of Trowbridge within one mile and a half Distance.” “The Water is also sold in Bristol by Mr. Grip, Printer ;in Salisbury by Mr. Carent and Mr. Light; in Bath, by Mr. Horton, apothecary, near the Abbey.” ‘* No other correspondence is yet settled.” See London Evening Post, 10 May, 1733. Nicholas Family. “The old Devizes family of Nicholas in alliance with the Cromwells.” Article of two columns, with a good deal of useful information. Wiltshire Advertiser, June 6, 1907. ‘‘Round about Wiltshire,” by A. G. Bradley. Reviewed at some length, Wiltshire Advertiser, May 9, 1907. Annals of Devizes from 1819—1860. A useful chronicle of events. Wiltshire Advertiser, May 30, June 6, 13, 20, 27, 1907. Calne, Calstone, and Trowbridge Court Rolls. In the “No. 225 Book Bulletin ” issued by Henry Gray, Bookseller, Gold- smith’s Estate, East Acton, in 1904, appeared the following items :— “‘ Original MS. Court Roll Book of the Hundred of Calne and Manor of Calston, pp. 564, folio, 1580—1612. £12 1238/4.” Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. 333 “The Custome of the Manor of Calston, with Court Rolls, folio MS., 1620—1650. 4295/4,” ‘* Original MS. Court Roll Book of the Manor of Trowbridge Dauntsey, 1594, ete., folio. 425/4,” Lord Lansdowne’s attention having been called to the matter, the two former were purchased by him, and are now preserved at Bowood. ‘*Nooks and Corners of Old England, Py Allan Fea, with illustrations from photographs by author. London : Eveleigh Nash. 1907.” Contains ‘‘ Nooks in Northern Wiltshire,” p. 102—122, a few .words on each place visited, and the following photos: ‘‘ Gate-House, Spye Park” ; “ Lacock” (3 views) ; “ Lacock Abbey” ; “‘ Bewley Court ” ; “Corsham Almshouse ” (3 views) ; ‘‘ Castle Combe”; ‘‘ Yatton Keynell Manor ’’; ‘“ Bullich Manor-House”; ‘‘ Sheldon Manor” (2 views); ‘South Wraxall Manor-House ”’ (2 views). ** Picturesque Wiltshire.’’ This series of articles on the history of various places in the county with cuts of the principal buildings, &c., has been continued in the Wiltshire Times. Devizes, with cuts of Castle, St. John’s Church, and Market Cross, May 18; Malmesbury, with cuts of Abbey(three views), and Market Cross, June 22; Warminster, , with cuts of Warminster from the 8., and the Minster, June 29; Bratton, with three small views, July 13; Lacock, with cuts of Church, Old House, Abbey, Chapter House, Cloisters, and Street, Aug. 3 and 17. Bradenstoke, with cuts of the exterior of the Abbey and the Crypt, Aug. 31; Box, with general view, Cheney Court, and Church, Sept. 14; Great Chalfield, with House, Church, and Masks in the Hall, Sept. 28; Potterne, with Porch House, October 12 ; Wootton Bassett, with Street and Town Hall, Oct. 26; Swindon, with Newport St., High Street, and Town Hall, Nov. 9; Calne, with Town Hall, Dec. 7, 1307. The visit of the King and Queen to Bowood, Chip- penham, and Calne, July 20—22, 1907, is fully described in Devizes Gazette, July 25, with process views of The Bridge, High St., and The Fountain, Chippenham, and the Strand, Calne. The Wiltshire Times, July 27, had cuts or process blocks of Market Place, High St., Station Hill, and Royal Carriage, Station Hill, Chippenham ; Bowood House ; Snapshot of Royal Party, and presenta- ‘tion of address at Calne. Tytherton Lucas Church. Account of Dedication of new Reredos, Pulpit, Window, and other improvements and additions. Devizes Gazette, May 23, 1907. Blacklands Church. An account of the work of restoration to the nave of this Church, recently carried out by Mr. C. E. Ponting, is given in Devizes Gazette, Nov. 7, 1907. 334 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. ‘Wiltshire Craiseys, a Wiltshire Springer,” Wilts County Mirror, October 25, and “Thee du teckle I zaw! a Wiltshire Craizey,” Pall Mali Mag., June, 1907. Two sets of verses by Rev. Alan Brodrick, in a dialect unknown to Wiltshiremen. In the White Horse Vales, by H. G. Archer, illustrated with photographs by the author, Boys’ Own Paper, Aug.31, 1907, pp. 756— 758. with illustrations of Westbury, Pewsey Vale, Cherhill, and Broad Hinton White Horses. Salisbury Cathedral. Ilustrated from photographs by W. F. Taylor. Sunday at Home, Sept., 1907, pp. 823—828. Articles with views, from N.E.; Cloisters; W. Front; N. Porch; Nave (2); S.E. Transept and Choir ; Chapter House ; Crossing; S. Aisle of Choir. Ramsbury Manor. Country Life, August 10, 1907, in addition to illustrations as fine as usual in this paper, of the Eastern Frontage, the Double Lodges, the West Front, From the North East, the East Door, the Broad Lake-like Kennet, the Stables, North side of the saloon, in the Saloon, and Centre of the Kitchen Garden, has a good and interest- ing account of the history and architecture of the House. It states that it was probably built by John Webb, the pupil of Inigo Jones (who carried out the work of the S. Front of Wilton from Inigo Jones’ designs), probably cir. 1660—70, for Sir William Jones who had then purchased the Manor from the Earl of Pembroke. ‘‘ He left the new Manor House of Ramsbury much as we find it still, a very finished and charming specimen of the English as opposed to the Italian, type of house of Charles II.’s day. . . . Ofthe same date, too, are the very stately gateposts. . . . If Webb designed the house, he designed this entrance also. . , . The lodges and side entrance arches are clearly of a later date, and were erected almost a century after Sir William Jones’ death.”’ Iu the Saloon ‘‘ no doubt the overmantel was completed after Webb’s death, and perhaps even the Attorney General himself never lived to see it. Later still are the mantelpiece and ceiling plaster work. They breathe the spirit of the brothers Adam, and must be part of the Lady Jones’ improvements.” ‘The very interesting paper which hangs in the room on the north side of the drawing room. It is Chinese : and is the counterpart of one . . . . usedin the draw- ing room of the house which the brothers Adam erected . . . . at Brasted, in Kent, about the year 1780.” Avebury. A long letter signed Morien J. Gwyddon, on the ‘‘ Cromlech ” in the centre of the north circle was reprinted in Wiltshire Times, September 28, from S. Wales Daily News, September 24, 1907. Druids and Orientation figure largely in it. Charity Enquiry. The College of Matrons, Salisbury, Wilts County Mirror, September 13, 1907. i I i Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 335 Richard Beauchamp, Bishop of Salisbury, and his connection with the building of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, is the subject of two or three notes in Wiltshire Times, September 21, 1907. Wiltshire Parish Registers. Marriages. Vol. iv., Phillimore & Co., London, 1907. Cloth, 9in. x 54in., pp. vi. + 152. This volume contains the marriages of Preshute, Urchfont and Stert, and Colerne, copied by Mr. E. Ll. Gwillim and the Revs. Dr. J. Hamlyn Hill, Maxwell H. Smith, and H. H. Stephens. Mere. A long article in The Standard, September 12, 1907, entitled * Model workhouse ; union where casuals must work,” holds up Mere Workhouse as an example to the rest of England. Nelson and Lady Hamilton at Fonthill. The account of this memorable visit is reprinted at some length in Wilts County Mirror, September 20, 1907. Sir William Sharington, and Lacock. Mr. ©. H. Talbot, writing to the Wiltshire Times, August 31, 1907, to correct certain mistakes in the notice of Lacock printed in that paper, August 3 and 17, says, commenting on Canon Jackson’s account of Sir W. Sharington in “ Aubrey” (p. 91): ‘‘ The date there given for his acquisition of Lacock is 1547, but the real date was 1539. He was Lord of the Manor in 1540. . . . The date of Sharington’s appointment as sub- treasurer of the Bristol Mint is the 5 of April, 1546. He thus held the office for only a very short time, as his frauds were discovered and he was committed to the Tower, 1548. He died in 1553. The date 1566 on his monument is the date of its erection. Olive was the third and youngest danghter of Sir W. Sharington, she married first John Talbot, HKsq., of Salwarpe, Worcestershire, and secondly Sir Robert Stapylton. . . . . I am somewhat sceptical about the former existence of a larger cauldron. It is not mentioned by Aubrey or Dingley, and rests only on the authority of Dr. Popham’s notes, who may have misunder- stood what he was told.” Sir William Sharington. A long letter to him from his son- in-law, George Heton, dated Dec. 24, 1550, concerning various trans- j actions as to wool and other merchandise, is printed in Wiltshire Times, 7 July 20, 1907. Sir Thomas Lawrence. London: George Newnes, Limited, Southampton Street, Strand, W.C. New York: Fredk. Warne & Co., 36, East 22nd St. Newnes’ Art Library. 94in. x 63in., linen and paper boards, pp. xii., + 48. 3s. 6d.net. Printed by The Ballantyne Press, Tavistock St., London. The letterpress account of the artist’s career, and appreciation of his work, by R. 8. Coulston, is contained in pp. vii—xii. only, the re- maining 48 pages consist of photographic plates of some of his most 38 6 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. characteristic works, some from the pictures themselves, and some from prints, nearly all of them excellently reproduced. Altogether a charming little book. Mr. Coulston says: “The place in art assigned to him by capable critics has varied in the most surprising manner. A few years after his death he was scarcely considered, and Redgrave, writing in 1865, said: ‘‘It has taken a quarter of a century to reinstate him— not to the place which he held in his lifetime, but to the true place he should occupy. Rightly or wrongly, that ‘true place’ has altered much since then, having been put slowly but steadily higher.’’ The frontispiece is a beautiful reproduction of the portrait of the artist by himself, in possession of the Royal Academy. The Leading Fossils of the Upper and Lower Greensands of Wilts and Berks, by E. ©. Davey, member of the Royal Numismatic Society, and Hon. Sec. of the Bath Royal Literary and Scientific Institution. Read before the members of the Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club, January 11, 1905. Bath: Printed at the Herald Oftice, North Gate, 1905. Pamphlet, 8vo, pp. 11. 1 map. The paper concerns the Upper Greensand only, of Wilts, 8 pp., and the Lower Greensand of Berks, 3 pp. Manor House, Market Lavington, Wilts ... by order of the trustees of the estate of the late Walter Pleydell Bouverie, Esq. Betx: Kelly’s Directory, 1899. Ed » THE PuBLIsHER (Mr. W. Dotesio): Bradford-on-Avon, a History and Description. 1907. 7 » THe PUBLISHER (Messrs. G. Newnes) : ‘‘ Sir Thomas Lawrence, Newnes’ Art Library.” rr » Mr. A. D. Passmore: Wilts Pamphlet. 4 » Mr. B. H. Cunnineton: Catalogue of Sale at Manor House, Market Lavington. + » THE PuBLISHER (G. Simpson): ‘‘ History of Bowood.”’ 5 » THe Autor (A. Schomberg): Article from Genealogist. 346 Additions to Museum and Library. Presented by THE AuTHoR (Mrs. M. E. Cunnington) : Article on Barrow at Manton, from Beliquary. Drawing. a » Mr. H. E. Mepiicort: Old Map of Tilshead ; Erlestoke Sale Particulars; Bookplates of Thomas Moore; Devizes Gazette, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, and North Wilts Parish Magazine, for 1907. Rev. BE. H. GoppDARD: “John Duncan.” 1907. ” ” 98 0CT 1938 = oe ee PROSPECTUS Price to Subscribers before publication, 25/- net. _ After publication, 31/6 net. INDEX OF ARCH/EOLOGICAL PAPERS 1665—1890 IN ONE VOLUME. COMPILED BY GEORGE LAURENCE GOMME, F:\S.A., erc. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE CONGRESS OF ARCHEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES IN UNION WITH THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES BY ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE & COMPANY Lop. * to Orance Srreer, Leicester Square, W.C- PREFACE THE compilation of this index was commenced by Mr. Gomme twenty-five years ago; but the years brought other duties and the work lingered, though it was never relinquished. When The Archeological Review was started the printing of the index was begun as an appendix to that journal, but the fourth volume having ended its career the printing of the index also came to an end. Nothing further was accom- plished until Messrs. Constable undertook the publication of the Index for subscribers, and subsequently the work was taken up by the Congress of Archeological Societies in union with the Society of Antiquaries. The work has been laborious beyond all conception, and should be of immense value. Great work has been accom- plished in this country to bring its rich archeological and historical remains into use, but this work is scattered. The Index finishes where the annual index published by the Congress of Archzological Societies begins, and there is now for the first time a continuous index from the first publi- cations in the philosophical transactions of the Royal Society down to the present time. CONTENTS Anthropological Institute Journal. Anthropological Society of London, Journal. Anthropological Society of London, Memoirs. Antiquaries, Ireland, Proceedings of Royal Society, 3rd series. Antiquaries, London, Proceedings of Royal Society, i—iv.; 2nd series, vol. i—xiii. Antiquaries, Newcastle, Proceedings of Society, vol. ix. Antiquaries, Scotland, Proceedings of Society, vol. ii—xxv. Archeologia, vol. i.—l. Archzologia Atliana, vol. i—xiv. Archzologia Cambrensis, vol. i—iv.; new series, vol. i-v.; 3rd series, vole i.-xv.; 4th series, vol. i—xiv.; 5th series, i—vii. Lancashire and Cheshire Historical Society, vol. i—xii. ; new series, vol. ix. ; CONTENTS—(coni.) Archeologia Cantiana, vol. i—xix. Archzologia Oxoniensis, vo). i. Archzologia Scotica, vol. iv. Archeological Institute, Journal, vol. i.—xlvii. Associated Architectural Societies, Transactions, vol. i.—xx. - Barrow Field Club, Transactions, vol. xiii., xv., xvi. Bath Field Club, Transactions, vol. i.—vi. Belfast Naturalist Field Club, vol. Berwickshire Field Club, vol. i.—xi. Biblical Archeology, Society of, Proceedings, vol. i—xiii. Birmingham and Midland Institute, Transactions, vol. i.—xvii. Bristol and Gloucestershire Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i.—xiv. Bristol, Archzological Magazine, vol. i. Bristol and West of England Archeological Society, 1849. Bristol Naturalist Society, new series, vol. i—v. : British Archeological Association, Journal, vol. i—xlvi. British Architects, Royal Institute of, Journal, 1860-62 to 1890. Buckinghamshire Architectural and Archzological Society, Records, vol. i.—vi. Cambridge Antiquarian Society, vol. i—vi. Chester and North Wales Archeological and Historical Society, Transactions, vol. i.—iv. : Clifton Antiquarian Club: Proceedings, vol. i—ii. Cornwall, Royal Institute of, Proceedings, vol. i.—ix. Cotteswold Field Club, vol. i.—ix. Cumberland and Westmorland Archzological Society, Transactions, vol. i.—xi. Cymmrodorion Society, Transactions, vol. i.—x. Derbyshire Archzological and Natural History Society, Transactions, vol. i.—xiil. Devonshire Association, Transactions, vol. i.—xxi. Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club, Proceedings, vol. i.—xi. Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, vol. i.—vii. Durham and Cumberland Architectural and Archeological Society, 1862, 1863. Durham and Northumberland Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i.-iii. East Riding Archeological Society, Yorks, Transactions, vol. xi.—xii. Essex Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. iv. ; new series, i.—iii. Ethnological Society, Transactions, vol. i—vii. Ethnological Society, Journal, vol. i—ii. Ethnological Society of London, Journal, vol. i—iv. Exeter Diocesan Architectural and Archeological Society, Transactions, _ vol. i—vi.; 2nd series, vol. i—v. Folkiore, Journal, vol. i—vii. Folklore, Proceedings of the Folklore Society, vol. i. Folklore, Record, vol. i—v. Glasgow Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i—ii. ‘Gloucester Cathedral, Records, vol. i—iii. Hampshire Field Club, Proceedings, vol. i. Hellenic Society, Journal, vol. i—xi. Huguenot Society, vol. i—ii. _ Kilkenny Archeological Society, vol. i—iii.; new series, vol. i.—vi. Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society, Transactions, vol. i—viii. 3rd series, vol._i—vi. Leicester Architectural and Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i—vi. CONTENTS—(cont.) Liverpool Literary and Philosophical Society, vol. i—xlv. London and Middlesex Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i.—vi. Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, vol. i—v.; 2nd series, vol. i._xv.; 3rd series, vol. ix. ; 4th series, vol. i.—iii. Monmouthshire and Caerleon Antiquarian Society, 1854 to 1889. Newbury and District Field Club, vol. i.—iii. Norfolk and Norwich Archeological Society, Transactions, vol. i.—x. Northumberland and Durham Natural History Society, vol. i—vii. Numismatic Journal, vol. i.—ii. Numismatic Chronicle, vol. i—xx. ; new series, i.xx.; 3rd series, i.—x, Oxfordshire Archeological Society, Transactions, 1893. Powys Land Club, vol. i—xxiv. Royal Historical Society, Transactions, vol. i.—iv. Royal Irish Academy, Transactions, vol. i—xxvii. Royal Society, Philosophical Transactions. Royal Society of Literature, Transactions, vol. i—xiv. ; vol. i—ii. ; 2nd series St. Albans and Hertfordshire Architectural and Archeological Society, Transactions, 1885 to 1889. St. Paul’s Ecclesiological Society, Transactions, vol. iii. Shropshire Archeological and Natural History Society, Transactions, vol. i.—xi. ; second series, vol. i.—iii. Somerset Archeological and Natural History Society, Transactions, vol. i.—xxXvi. Suffolk Archzological Institute, Transactions, vol. i.—vil. Surrey Archeological Society, Collections, vol. i—ix. Sussex Archzological Collections, vol. i—xxxvii. Thoresby Society, Transactions, vol. i.—iii. Tyneside Naturalists Field Club, vol. i.—vi. Ulster Journal of Archeology, vol. i.—ix. Velusta Monumenta, vol. i.—vi. William Salt Archeological Society, Collections, vol. i.—xi. Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Magazine, vol. i—xxiv. Yorkshire Archeological and Topographical Journal, vol. i.—x. ORDER FORM Please forward to me when ready......cop ....of the “‘ Index of Archeological Papers 1665-1890,” compiled by George Laurence Gomme, F.S.A., etc., and published by Archibald Constable & Co., Ltd. The subscription price, to December 31, 1907, will be 25/— net; after that date 31/6 net. . 2m Pe Peep Congress of Archwological Societies IN UNION WITH THE — Society of Antiquaries of Pondon. CHURCHYARD INSCRIPTIONS. The following instructions for transcription have been drawn up in response to the reference from the Congress of 1906, and have been approved by the Committee, constituted as follows :— Lorp BatcarrEs, M.P. F.S.A. (¢2 the Chair). Sr GeEorGE J. ARMyTAGE, Bart. F.S.A. (Chairman of Council, Harleian Soc.). C. H. ATuitt, Esq. F.S.A. (Richmond Herald). W. Bruce BANNERMAN, Esq. F.S.A. (Hon. Sec. Harleian Soc.). C. B. PARTRIDGE, Esq. F.S.A. J. Horace Rounp, Esq. LL.D. _ Ravpx Nevitt, Esq. F.S.A. (on. Sec.). It is felt that it is most desirable that there should be a uniform system, and that it will much promote transcription if a paper of simple rules can be ready at hand for distribution to anyone who may wish to take up the work. _ The record of Churchyard inscriptions is important, because these are so perishable and because, although they must not be taken to be necessarily accurate, they frequently give much more information than Registers, or other formal records. No attempt has been made to limit the date; in most populous _ places, the churchyards have for some time been closed, and in others the work of recording up to date will be insignificant. Verbatim transcripts are the most valuable and are strongly recommended ; many distinguished authorities decline to approve any others. 2 F > It is felt, however, that to insist on the record of formal expressions, may unnecessarily limit the supply of workers, but no alteration of the sequence of the words of the Inscription must be made, nor the Inscription thrown into Index or alphabetical forms ; an Index can be profitably added. Some transcribers make a rough sketch-plan of the Churchyard and refer to the divisions by letters; this is recommended as a useful method, but is not essential. It will be an advantage if the transcripts be verified and signed by the clergy or by some other well known and competent person. This could, however, be done after the deposit in the Libraries and previous to publication, and although desirable, is not essential. In addition to those in Churchyards, it is very desirable that the inscriptions in burying grounds attached to Chapels and Meeting-houses, should also be recorded. When all the inscriptions of a Church or Churchyard have been completed, they should be sent to the Secretary of the County Society for storage in the Society’s Library, or in some suitable Institution, When the whole of an Archdeaconry, Rural Deanery, or some such division has been completed, it will be for Societies to consider whether they can print the records in full, or an Index to them. It is very desirable that they should be printed in full. Use may often be made of Parish Magazines for reproducing these Instructions, appealing for workers, and in some cases, for printing the results. In the latter case, arrangements should be made for printing off a certain number—say 50 to 100 copies, which can afterwards be bound up. see Congress of Archxological S Societies IN UNION WITH THE Society of Antiquarics of London. DIRECTIONS FOR RECORDING CHURCHYARD AND CHURCH INSCRIPTIONS. (Approved by the Congress held on July 8rd, 1907.) 1. Every inscription must be noted—in cases where the lettering is illegible, the fact must be so stated. An effort should be made to recover at least the name and date, but attempts to clean the lettering must not be made without the permission of the clergy in charge. A rubbing with heel-ball or a photograph may often be taken with advantage. Much depends on the fall of the light; an inscription that cannot be read in the morning may be quite clear in the evening. 2. It is desirable that where possible transcripts should be signed as correct by the Rector or Vicar, as a copy so certified would be received in evidence when the originai inscription has become defaced. 8. It will much facilitate work and subsequent reference if a rough plan of the churchyard is made and referred to by letters or numbers. 4. The form and material of the memorial must be stated— whether Altar tomb (inscribed on top or sides or both), head-stone, wooden rail, cross, or slab. 2 5. The record should be on white foolscap paper of good quality, or on good quality typing paper, and writing must be on one side only. The sheets should not be overcrowded and each sheet should be complete in itself, with one or more entries. A few blank lines, varying in number with the importance of the subject, should be left at the end of each entry, for the addition of further particulars. 6. The name of the County should be entered at the top, followed by the name of the Church. Verbatim transcripts are the most valuable, and are strongly recommended ; many authorities decline to approve any other. ‘7. When transcripts are not made verbatim, the following rules should be observed :— The words, “ Here lieth the body of”; or “In memory of” must be recorded, as the latter do not always indicate an interment, but it is not necessary to give religious observations, such as “in hope of a joyful resurrection” ; nor texts nor poetry, unless these have personal application. Every fact, however trivial, must be noted, such as age, residence, occupation of self or parents, or relatives, or cause of death. No alteration in the sequence of the inscription must be made. 8. The following abbreviations are recommended :— b.— born. inf-— infant. d.— died. m.— married. dau.— daughter. mem.— memory. grs.— grandson. par.— parish. grd.— grand-daughter. s— son. h.— husband. wid.— widow. 3 9. The entry should be made somewhat in the following manner :— SURREY. Coulsdon, St. Mary ; Churchyard. (1.) Headstone as follows, and footstone uninscribed— DOE, John, of Brownshill, Coulsdon, surgeon, F.R.C.S., and J.P., b. rst June, 1740—d. 5th Jan., r300— of a fall from his horse—s, of John Doe and Mary his wife —of Hill House, Blackheath, Kent, and grs. of Sir James Doe, of Leyton, Warwickshire, one of His Majesty’s Judges of the Common Pleas—this tombstone is erected by his wid. Also of Mary his wife—b. 2nd Jan., 1745—d. 2nd Feb., 1810o—dau. of Richard Roe and Ellen his wife—ot Caversham, near Reading. Also of George, only surviving s. of the above (dates as above). Also of Mary, wid. of John Stubbs of Chelsfield and dau. of John and Mary Doe (dates as above). (2.) Altar tomb—Smith family, covered with ivy, probably 18th Century. (3.) Headstone—name illegible—date partly ditto, 18th Century. 10. Where stones are richly carved, or in any way exceptional, they should be described. 11, Quaint or interesting poetry or other matter may very well be quoted, and early inscriptions (say, previous to 1700) should certainly be given in full. ; 12. Inscriptions in Churches should always be copied in full, with descriptions of the tombs and of any Arms. Careful notes should be made of any Coats-of-Arms or Heraldic _ Achievements that may appear not only upon monumental stones ~ but also in stained-glass windows, or elsewhere, as on Hatchmients, Banners, &c. 4 13, To avoid duplication of work, reference should be made before undertaking a transcript to the Hon. Sec. or Librarian of the County Society, to ascertain if a transcript is known to have been already made. For the same reason, early notice should be sent of the undertaking and completion of any transcript. Where no County Society exists, notice may be sent to the Hon. Sec. of the Committee, who will keep a list. 14. Should any question arise of special difficulty as to treatment, the Committee will be glad to give assistance. 15. In addition to those in Churchyards, it is very desirable that the inscriptions in burying grounds attached to Chapels and Meeting-houses should also be recorded. 16. When all the inscriptions of a Church or Churchyard have been completed, they should be sent to the Secretary of the County Society for preservation in the Society’s Library, or in some suitable Institution. 17. When the whole of an Archdeaconry, Rural Deanery, o1 some such division has been completed, it will be for Societies to consider whether they can print the records in full, or an Index to them. It is very desirable that they should be printed in full. 18. Use may often be made of Parish Magazines for reproducing these Instructions, appealing for workers, and in some cases, for printing the results. In the latter case, arrangements should be made for printing off a certain number—say 50 to 100 copies, which can afterwards be bound up. RALPH NEVILL, F.S.A, Hon Sets Castle Hill, Guildford. Congress of Archeological Societies in Union with the Society of Antiquaries. July 3rd, 1907. On a Scheme for Rendering THE CHARTERS AND MSS. IN THE Various Repositories available for County Purposes. By Professor W. A. COPINGER, F.S.A. N fulfilment of my promise to comply with the request of the Congress (being unable to address them, as I should have wished, in London), I proceed to place on paper a few notes for consideration on the subject of the gathering together in a series of volumes the substance of everything relating to the particular county in the nature of an historical or Official character, dealing mainly with Charters, Records and MSS. There are undoubtedly thousands of MSS. and documents hidden away in our great collections unknown save through official publications, and for all practical purposes beyond the reach of those who have neither time nor opportunity of wading through an enormous mass of irrelevant material. My thirty or forty years’ experience of the study of County History demonstrates that no satisfactory advance can be made on the existing histories save by tapping the original sources of authority, and that this cannot be done but by some such scheme as I have carried out in the case of the County 2 of suffolk. I quite admit that this work is not exhaustive, but I have merely been deterred from making it practically so by reason of the expense and the impossibility of a private individual obtaining from a poor county the necessary financial support, {t seems absolutely necessary that each county should have this work undertaken for it. No satisfactory history of the county, or indeed of any particular place in, or family connected with it, can be undertaken with assurance that it will prove exhaustive until this initiative work has been effected. The particular Records and MSS. which I consider should be worked on with the object of extracting the substance therefrom of matters relating to the particular county are set forth in my “Introductory Note” to the rst Vol. of my “Records of Suffolk.” Considering, however, the little support the work has received, and that less than 100 copies have been sold, it is probable that few have seen this work. Consequently I give the following extracts :— “The substance of all matters relating to Suffolk in the publications of the Record Commissioners, the reports during the last 60 years of the Deputy Keeper, the Calendars, and other issues of the Public Record Office, and in the State Papers, are brought together in the present work, and form with the Index to the MSS. and Charters its backbone. The scope will, perhaps, be better grasped if the principal sources are specified. In the British Museum—the Sloane, the Cottonian, the Harleian, the Royal, the Lansdowne, the Burney, the King’s, the Egerton, the Arundel and Additional MSS., including in these the smaller collections of Birch, Burrell, Cole, Gough, Hasted, Davy, Jermyn, Wolley, Mitchell, Ward, Banks, Mangey, Chandler, Kerrick, Lysons, Upcott, and others are drawn on. ‘The great collections of Tanner, Rawlinson, Digby, Gough, Douce and others, and the general MSS. Charters and Rolls in the Bodleian, the Baker and other MSS. in the University Library, Cambridge, and tke MSS. in the various college libraries have been laid under ‘ tribute. The Statute of the Realm—-public, private, local and personal, and the Rolls of Parliament from 6 Edw. I to the reign of Henry VIII, the London Gazette, and the House of Lords and Commons’ Journals have yielded much fruit. Of the Old Record Publications full use has been made. All the entries in any way connected with the county of Suffolk, families or individuals in the Domesday Survey, Testa de Nevill, the Hundred Rolls, the Quo Warranto Rolls, the Charter Rolls, the Originalia, the Patent and Close Rolls before the recent issue (¢.¢., prior to the time of Edw. I), the Inquisitions post mortem, the Proceedings in Chancery, &c., have been translated and the substance extracted. From the Inquisitions alone there are over 4,c00 references. The valuable series of lists and indexes issued by the Reedy Office, in order to make the contents of that office more available, have been examined, and matters and references relating to Suffolk extracted... .. In addition to the above matters all the entries in the Black Book and Red Book of the Exchequer, and in the calendars of the Patent and Close Rolls issued in recent years have been arranged under the several places—the substance of each entry and roll being given. . . . In addition to these, the items relating to Suffolk have been extracted from the following: The Calendars of State Papers, Domestic Series, Home Office Papers and Treasury Papers, Acts of the Privy Council, &c., Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds preserved in the Public Record Office, 4 vols., 1890-1901 ; Catalogue of the Arundel MSS. in the College of Arms, 1829, by C. G. Young; the Reports of the Historical M35S. Commissioners; Jones’s Index to the Originalia and Memoranda of the Exchequer, 2 vols., 1793; and the Index to the Ipswich Wills, 1444 to 1478. The material thus gathered together, with a note of the histories of, guides to, and printed accounts in connection with any parish (which will be found mentioned under the particular place), has been arranged under one alphabet, topographically. References are also given to Suffolk matters in ‘Notes and 4 Queries,’ in the ‘East Anglian Notes and Queries,’ in Archzologia, in the Proceedings of the Society of Anti- quaries, the publications of the British Archeological Asso- ciation, the Archzeological Institute, the Suffolk Institute, and the topographical portion of the ‘ Gentlemen’s Magazine.’ ‘“‘In the arrangement of the slips chronological order has been adopted where a date is given, all the undated entries coming first in an analytical order. In the case of the large entries under Bury and Ipswich, a special arrangement to facilitate reference has been adopted. ‘The variations in the spelling of the different names in the documents referred to are given and a complete set of cross references to places. For pedigrees, the Index of Mr. Sims (Lond., 1849) and the Index to those in the Davy Collection, which appeared some years back in ‘The East Anglian Notes and Queries,’ have been incorporated, as also references given to Burke’s Landed Gentry for Suffolk families, and for individuals to the Dictionary of National Biography.” It is, I consider, essential that all heraldic and genealogical matters should be fully entered, and in fact material furnished for the history of every town, parish, manor and hamlet in the county, and particulars given of every family and individual of note connected with it. I do not consider that a mere index or catalogue would suffice to meet the present need. It is absolutely necessary that at least in the majority of cases the substance of the record or document referred to should be given, and the double object secured of providing data substantially, and indicating where further and fuller information may be obtained. Judgment must, of course, be exercised as to what should be given, but it is far better to give what may be unnecessary than to omit what possibly might be of value. I have not, as a rule, relied on the indexes to the Govern- ment publications, accurate though they be, but gone through the volume from cover to cover, as, in the long run, I conceive time is saved and accuracy secured. \ § My scheme originally was just an index to the MSS. and Charters in the British Museum, the Oxford and Cambridge Libraries, the publications of the Record Commission, and the Deputy Keeper, but I soon found the scheme growing under treatment and gradually developing. I do not think I am far wrong in stating that there must be something like 30,000 MSS. in the British Museum and in the Oxford and Cambridge Libraries alone, relating directly or indirectly to the County of Suffolk. Undoubtedly a mass of MS. matter exists never used by the several county historians. Further, new sources of information have been opened for the first time, or at least made easy of access in the present day. When one considers the value of the Patent and Close Rolls series now being issued and of the several Calendars and Indexes prepared by the Public Record Office, one becomes alive to the great mass of material thus placed in an accessible form. It is easy to work one county at a time, and it may be of some interest to enter a little more into details. The 5 vols. of the Suffolk MSS. and Records (an Index, the proof of the last page of which was before me this day, runs to about 330 pages, will form a sixth vol.) I have issued took about three years to compile, working mostly between eight o’clock at night and three in the morning. It is by no means so stupendous a matter as it might appear to some. In a few cases I had the work to be extracted from looked through and the entries relating to the County marked by the insertion of a piece of paper between the leaves. Each entry was placed on a separate card, of which I must have had in use at various times about 100,000, and every night what was done _ during the evening sorted so that the work should not run _ behind in this respect, and the sorting was simplified by the _ substance of the written entry being still in the mind of the ‘Sorter during the operation. The entries were arranged habetically under places and chronologically zzéer se. The and the churches I invariably separated from the main 6 entries relating to the place, and there was a further division including the place in question with other places. Two or three thousand cross references I had to take out to save expense in printing—but this will be made good by the index. The cards were 4? in. by 3 in., and cost 2s. 6d. per 1,000. The cards relating to each place were held together by elastic bands so as to allow fresh cards containing new entries to be readily introduced in their proper place. I made special pigeon-holes for keeping the cards in; these holes being a little larger than the size of the card, each division about a foot high and slightly broader than the card. The divisions were about too in number. ‘Four long inch boards and small pieces for the divisions, ordered to be cut to the right size and so delivered, enabled the whole case to be put together in one evening. I am rather particular in the details, as it was the considera- tion given to these from the start which enabled the work to be run through in so short a space of time. I estimate that had I used paper instead of cards, besides the trouble and the difficulty in substituting and writing fresh entries, the execution of the work would have at least involved an extra year of labour. I should mention that I had the help of my children in sorting in the morning what I failed to sort at night, and also in the re-writing and the putting in cross references. I found that the printing in London entailed too heavy an expenditure, and had the work done by Manchester printers. It is not that I could not have obtained an estimate in London almost as low as in Manchester, but the cost would have ultimately proved, as I have learnt by experience, probably a third higher. London printers run up a heavy bill for alterations and so-called corrections ; here my payment on these heads was practically nothing. The cost was under £43 per sheet of 16 pages for 250 copies; consequently the cost of printing and binding each volume was about £100. There were about eighty subscribers at #1 1s. a volume. Practically 7 nothing has been sold since publication, but then not a single advertisement, I believe, has appeared in any paper. In order to demonstrate that a history of the County or any place therein can be written or compiled exhaustively from entries made in the way I have indicated I have actually written seven volumes folio on the Manors of Suffolk, of which the first volume has already been published. This work I did in my spare time in about two years, and without such an assistance as my 5 vols. of Records afforded, such a work as that on the Manors, tracing them, or a large proportion, from the Conquest to the present time—a history dealing with something like 1,500 Manors—could not have been compiled in many years, and then there would have been no absolute assurance of its being exhaustive, and what is of even greater importance there would have been no opportunity for the author to take a bird’s eye view of the whole material before consideration of the parts—no possibility of comparing entries under one place with entries under others—in short of testing them one with another in such a mode as to bring the sources of information and authority into a concentrated form. However, I must conclude with the expression of the hope that I have met the desire of the Council so far as in my power, and on the lines they have indicated. W. A. COPINGER. The following is a list of the contractions employed in the above work :— A.—Ancient Deeds in Exchequer and Treasury of the Receipt, P.R.O. Abbr. of P].—Abbreviation of Pleas, Ric. I. to Edw. I]. 1811. Acts of P.C.—Calendar of Acts of Privy Council, 1542-1800. Add.—Additional MSS., British Museum. _ Add. Ch.—Additional Charters, British Museum. _ A.J.—The Archzological Journal. All Souls.—All Souls College, Oxford. App.—Appendix. h.—Archzologia of the Society of Antiquaries. d.—Arundel MSS., British Museum. m,—Ashmolean MSS., British Museum, 8 B.—Ancient Deeds in Exchequer, Court of Augmentations, P.R.O B.A.A.—Publications of the British Archzological Association. Baker.—Baker MSS., Cambridge University Library. Bal.—Baliol College, Oxford. Be ele Oe, ‘odl. Ch.— leian ters Bodi. Roils, Bodleian Rolle f PY Tumer and Cox, 1878, Bridges.—Bridges’ Collection, Bodleian. Burke L.G.— Burke's Landed Gentry, Ed. 1901. C.—Ancient Deeds in Court of Chancery, P.R.O. C.A.—Collectanea Archzologia. Caius.—Caius College, Cambridge. Camb.—Cambridge University Library. Campb.—Campbell MSS., British Museum, C.C.C.—Christ's Church College, Oxford. Chart. Rolls.—Calendarium Rotulorum Chartarum, 1. vol., 1803. Cott.—Cottonian MSS., British Museum. D.—Ancient Deeds of the Remembrancer's Dept. of Exchequer, P.R.O D.K.R.—Deputy-Keeper’s Annual Reports, 1840 to 1g02. D.N.B.—Dictionary of National Biography. Dom.—Domesday Book, 1783. E.A.—The East Anglian Notes and Queries—(N.S.) New Series. E.C.P.—Early Chancery Proceedings, Vol. I. (x90r), P.R.O. Eger.—Egerton MSS. and Rolls, British Museum. Exon.—Exeter College, Oxford. Gough.—Gough Collection, Bodleian. Gent. M.—Gentleman’s Magazine. Harl.—Harleian MSS., 4 vols., 1808 to 1812, and Harl., followed by anumberand a letter, Harleian Charters, British Museum. ER a ame 2 plonte of one, On nt -O.P.—Home ice Papers, t., Geo. -, 4 vols., 1878-9, 1881, 1899. H.R.—Hundred Rolls, 2 vols., 1812, P.R.O. 99 Hist. Com.—Historical MSS., Commissioners’ Reports, 1870 to 1903. I.P.M.—Inquisitiones post mortem, 4 vols., 1806, 1807, 1821, 1828. 1.Q.D.—Inquisitiones ad quod damnum, 1803. es.—Jesus College, Oxford. ansd.—Lansdowne MSS., British Museum Catalogue, 1819. L.G.—London Gazette, 1830 to 1902. M.—The ‘‘ Memoranda” of the Exchequer as Indexed by Jones, 1793. Magd.—Magdalen College, Oxford. N. & Q.—Notes and Queries, from 1849. O.—Rotulorum Originalium, Hen. If].-Edw. III., 2 vols., 1805, 1810, and Jones's Publication in 1793. P.C.—Proceedings in Chancery, Ric. II. to Eliz., 3 vols, 1827 to 1832*, and 1558 to 1579 1896). * pes is to these volumes of printed Calendar and not to the Rolls direct.) P. & O. of P.C.—Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privy Council. Pat. Rolls.—Patent Rolls Cal., 1802, 1891 to 1903. Pipe.—Pipe Rolls. ’ P.R.O.—Public Record Office. P.S.A.—Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries. Queens—Queen's College, Oxford. Q.W —The Quo Warranto Rolls. Rawl.—Rawlinson MSS., Bodleian. Royal.—Roya! Collection, British Museum, R.P.—Rolls of Parliament. . S.1.—The Publications of the Suffolk Institute of Archzology. Sloa.—Sloane MSS., British Museum. Star C.P.—Star Chamber Proceedings, 1485 to 1558, Vol. J.. rgort. S.P. Cal. of Comp.—Calendar of Committee for Compounding, &c., 1643 to 1660, Pt. I V. to V. S.P.—Calendar of State Papers, 1856 to 1902. Stowe.—Stowe MSS., British Museum. Tanner.—Tanner MSS., Bodleian. T. de N.—Testa de Nevill, 1807. Toph.—Topham MSS., British Museum. Willis.— Willis Collection, Bodleian. Woll.—Wolley MSS., British Museum. Harrison & Sons, Printers in Ordinary to His Majesty, St. Martin’s Lane, CONGRESS SLrcheological Societies IN UNION WITH THE Society of Antiquaries of London, JULY 3RpD, 1907. The Eighteenth Congress of Archzological Societies was held on July 3rd, at Burlington House ; Lord Avebury, President of the Society of Antiquaries in the Chair. The Congress was attended by Delegates from the Society of Antiquaries, the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, the British (3) and Cambrian Archzological Associations, the Folklore (2), Huguenot and British Record Societies, and the Societies for Berk- shire (2), Birmingham, Bristol and Gloucestershire, Bucks. (2), Cambridge, Derbyshire, Essex (2), Hampshire, East Herts. (2), Leicestershire (2), Shropshire, Suffolk (2), Surrey (2), Sussex, Wilts., Yorkshire East Riding, Members of the Standing, the Earthworks and Court Roll Committees, and other delegates who omitted to sign the register. The Minutes of the last Congress, held on July 4th, 1906, were read and confirmed. The Report of the Standing Committee was read and approved, and the Statement of Accounts, audited by Mr. W. Minet, F.S.A., was read and adopted. The thanks of the Meeting were given to Mr. Minet for his services, and he was appointed Auditor for the ensuing year. In seconding the adoption of the Report, Sir Edward Brabrook alluded to the loss Archeology had sustained by the death of Lord Liverpool, a constant attendant at the Congress. The following were elected as the Council :— The Officers of the Soc. of Antiquaries. | I. Chalkley Gould, F.S.A. J. Romilly Allen, F.S.A. Emanuel Green, F.S.A. Lord Balcarres, M.P., F.S.A. W. H. St. John Hope, M.A. Sir E. W. Brabrook, C.B., F.S.A. Henry Laver, F.S.A. Rey. P. H. Ditchfield, M.A., F.S.A. | Wm. Minet, F.S.A. _ Sir John Evans, K.C.B., F.S.A. Canon Rupert Morris, D.D., F.S.A. W. J. Freer, F.S.A. J. Horace Round, M.A., LL.D. G. L. Gomme, F.S.A. J. B. Willis-Bund, M.A., F.S.A. _ Mr. Ralph Nevill, F.S.A., was re-elected Hon. Secretary and the thanks of the Meeting expressed to him for his services in the past year. 2 Satisfaction was expressed at the announcement in the Report of the completion of Mr. Gomme’s Index, and those who had not already subscribed were recommended to at once send in their names to Messrs. Constable. The Report also stated that the Committee had acted on the Resolution passed at the last Congress, asking for the appointment of an independent Inspector of Ancient Monuments. In consequence a strong representation had been sent in to the Prime Minister, signed by the Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries, the Royal Society, the British Academy, the Royal Institute of British Architects, the British Association, and Lord Balcarres on behalf of the Congress. A reply had been received, which gave reason to hope that a satisfactory arrangement would shortly be arrived at. The Congress has sent many Resolutions to Government during the last few years, and as this has sometimes been done in conjunction with other Societies, it was recommended that the title of “Standing Committee” be changed to that of Council. Owing to the serious illness of Mr. Chalkley Gould, no Report rom the Earthworks Committee was forthcoming, and no member was prepared to tell of the considerable amount of work that, it is understood, has beendone. Mr. Gould is at work on the Bibliography of the year, which may be published later with a Report. The subject is proving very attractive to Archzologists and to the general public. Dr. Laver gave an account of what had been done by a Special Committee in exploring the Red Hills of Essex. These, which were many hundreds in number, consisted of deposits of burnt earth, generally containing fragments of late Celtic pottery. They were found along creeks and the seashore at about five feet above present high-water mark, and were surrounded by a rough fosse. That they were not refuges for cattle seems proved by the fact that high ground often adjoined them. They were distinct and not part of any general settlement. Nothing in the way of whole pottery had as yet been found and they were pre-Roman, as burials by cremation had been made in them in Roman times. In reply to Mr. Hope, Dr. Laver said that he had not noted any resemblance to the Roman pottery mounds frequent in the Kent marshes, and the only remains found were certainly of earlier date; the mounds were too disconnected to have been material brought for the purpose of forming a sea wall, and the formation of fosses told against such an origin. Dr. Laver asked that other Societies whose counties. bordered on the sea should Jook out for similar mounds and record them. It was believed that they were to be found in Lincoln- shire, Suffolk, and Kent, and probably in other counties. Mr. G, G, T. Treherne asked if they contained stones that had been used as pot boilers, as such stones occurred in somewhat similar mounds that had been found along the borders of streams in Car- marthenshire, g Dr. Laver said that he had not observed anything of the sort, and asked for further particulars of the Welsh mounds. Mr. A. Nutt moved that the Congress ask its component Societies to assist the Folk-lore Society in the collection of all that was in print on the subject in reference to their respective counties. The subject of Folk-lore perhaps only remotely touched that of Archeology, but he thought this local aspect would interest Societies. Volumes had already been published dealing with Northumberland, Gloucestershire, Suffolk, Leicestershire, and Rutland, and parts of Yorkshire, and were in progress for Devonshire and other counties. About one-third of the country had been done, and the work had taken fifteen years. If the Archzeological Societies would help by finding workers or even by making the work generally known, it might most materially help in the completion of the work. Sir Edward Brabrook, a V.-P. of the Society, in seconding the motion, said that he did not think Archzologists would at all regard Folk-lore as a subject foreign to them; the motion was further supported by Dr. Gaster, the President of the Folk-lore Society, and by Mr. Ralph Nevill, who said that as a member of the Devon Association he had observed that Folk-lore was a very attractive branch at its meetings; he thought that Societies might with advantage bring the question before their members and ask for workers, a course which might attract new members and add to the interest of their published Transactions. _ The Resolution was carried with acclamation, and the Secretary directed to call attention to the matter in the Minutes that would be circulated. The Committee for preparing a scheme for recording Churchyard Inscriptions then presented its Report and a paper of Directions. The adoption was roved by Lord Balcarres, Chairman of the Committee, who stated that the Committee, while they agreed with most of the best authorities that verbatim transcripts were most to be desired, were yet anxious not to shut out those workers who might be willing to make more abbreviated records. Inscriptions were disap- pearing so rapidly that it was most important to secure a record of the facts as quickly as possible. In response to an invitation for criticism, Mr. R. Garraway Riee, F.S.A., who has made a large number of verbatim transcripts, said that he welcomed the Report, which was likely to be most useful. He was, however, so convinced of the superiority of full copies, that he asked that something should be said on the subject in the paper of Directions. The Report was transient, but the Directions would probably long be used. He also deprecated a paragraph mentioning the use of strong brushes and soap, and made various other sug- sstions and particularly pointed out the importance of the words “Here lieth” and “In memory of,” mentioning his trouble in the : case of an ancestress whose death was recorded under the latter heading. He had been unable to find the burial in the register, but 4 eventually found it in a church in another part of the country, where was another stone with the heading “ Here lieth.” Mr. Quarrell and Dr. Laver objected strongly to the paragraph as to the use of soap and brushes, and pointed out with other members that the lichen that had formed was a protection to the stones and that its removal would be injurious. Dr. Phillimore suggested that the paragraph of the Report as to plans of Churchyards should be incorporated in the Directions, and it was eventually agreed that the Committee be asked to reconsider the Directions in the sense generally agreed to by the meeting. Some delegates having expressed the view that it was unnecessary to record inscriptions after 1840, as records of burials would be found in Somerset House, it was pointed out by Dr. Phillimore, Mr. Rice, and others that the great value of Churchyard Inscriptions was that they gave particulars of family history that could not be found in the registers. The Hon. Secretary called attention to the fact that they could not dictate to people what they should not copy; they could only advise their not omitting important matter. Garter King of Arms and the College of Arm’ attached great importance to the movement, and had appointed Mr. Athill, Richmond Herald, Librarian to the College, to represent them on the Committee. A delegate pointed out the great use of photographs in deciphering almost illegible inscriptions, especially when the photographs were taken at an angle. The help rendered by photographs of Ogham stones and Roman inscriptions are examples in point. Mr. Andrews stated that the East Herts. Society hoped to have 200 Churchyards finished by the end of the year. In the absence of Prof. Copinger, unavoidable owing to his duties at the Victoria University, the Hon. Secretary read a paper by the Professor giving his reasons for undertaking his monumental work on the Records of Suffolk and: he means he had devised for carrying it through, with other practical details of the greatest value to anyone undertaking similar work. * Mr. Ralph Nevill said that in the course of investigation into Suffolk matters he had been led to explore the work in question, and as the Index was not yet published he had been through the entire five volumes. This he should never regret, as he had found information on all sorts of subjects that he should not have sought for in an Index. As an old County Archeologist, he was so impressed by the enormous value of the work that he had suggested to the Council that they should ask Dr. Copinger to tell them about it. He should have been afraid even to suggest to the Congress the possibility of the preparation of such a Calendar, but here it was on 5) the table—the work of one man—and he was able also to exhibit proofs of the Index, which would shortly be published as a sixth volume. Even if no one could be found to prepare such an exhaustive Calendar of the sources of information, it might be possible that the work should be divided and a Calendar published, for instance, of all sources in the Public Record Office, another of those in the Britisn Museum, until at length such a complete work as that of Dr. Copinger might be produced. He ventured to move that the thanks of the Congress be given to Dr. Copinger, and that he be asked to allow the paper to be printed and circulated. The proposal was seconded by H.H. Prince Victor Duleep Sing, a Vice-President of the Suffolk Institute. General admiration was expressed at the great and valuable work achieved by Prof. Copinger, and the proposal was carried with the addition by Dr. Phillimore, that permission should be asked to reproduce the List of Authorities given in the preface to the work. The Hon. Secretary stated that by the instruction of the Council he had circulated a paper asking for information from the Secretaries of the Societies as to what had been done in their counties in the preparation of Calendars of such subjects as Church Bells and Plate, Feet of Fines, Ing. post-mortem and other matters. Many replies had been received, but it was evident that the subject was too great to be dealt with without greater system and labour. He had understood that Mr. Minet, who had originated the enquiries and who had special knowledge of Libraries, would give his views to the Congress, but he was unable to remain, and he would therefore ask Mr. E. Fry, of the British Record Society, to speak on the subject. Mr. Fry said that on receiving the circular alluded to, it seemed to him that a very wide subject was opened out, and one that fell quite within the scope of work of the Congress, and one that would be of the greatest value to Archwologists if carried out. An immense amount of useful work in the way of calendaring had been done by Societies, but there was no one central record that one could turn to to find out where the various records were. It would be a serious work to prepare a general Calendar of what had been done already, but afterwards it would be a lighter work to keep up an annual record, It seemed to him that the only way was to elect a Committee to arrange for a general record by appointed Sub-Committees who would take up special sections. He would himself be glad to undertake some part of the work. It was generally agreed that the production of such a general Calendar would be of the greatest value, and Mr. Minet, Dr. ‘Phillimore, Mr. Fry, Mr. Em. Green, and the Hon. Secretary were appointed a Committee to make arrangements, with power to add to their number. 6 A proposal was brought forward for Mr. Gerish, the Hon. Secretary of the East Herts. Society, that the Congress should print a third list of printed Parish Registers brought up to date. ' Mr. Fry pointed out that this work was being done by the Parish Register Society, who were publishing additions to Dr. Marshall’s list. He bore hearty testimony to the good work done by the two first lists published by the Congress, but thought that the matter might now be well left to the Parish Register Saciety. This view was supported by Dr. Phillimore. The Hon. Secretary stated that he was often asked when another list would be published, and pointed out that such lists were supplied free in the first place and afterwards at the price of sixpence, and were therefore preferred to those of the Parish Register Society, which had a smaller circulation. As responsible for the first two Reports, he pointed out that he could not have prepared them without the help of Dr. Marshall, who had furnished the main part of the matter. He could still less do so now without the help of Mr. Fry or some such authority. It might be well to refer the subject to the Committee last appointed, to see if any arrangement could be made with the Parish Register Society that might be mutually satisfactory. After some discussion, this was agreed to. The thanks of the Congress were accorded to Lord Avebury for presiding, and to the Society of Antiquaries for the use of their rooms. RALPH NEVILL, - Hon. Secretary. CASTLE HILL, GUILDFORD. During the past year, The Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club and The Carmarthenshire Antiquarian Society and Field Club have joined the Societies in Union. The Royal Historical Society has retired from Membership; and the St. Albans and Herts. Society having repudiated liability for past subscriptions, has ceased to be a Member. Lie Harrison & Sons, PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO His Majesty, Sr. Martin’s LANE. ye mePORT Or THE COMMITTEE ON ANCIENT EARTHWORKS AND FORTIFIED ENCLOSURES, Prepared for presentation to the Congress of Archeological Societies, 3rd July, 1907. _ COMMITTEE. Lord Batcarrgs, M.P., F.S.A. (Chairman). _ Mr. W. J. ANDREW, F.S.A. Mr. H. Laver, F.S.A. Col. F. W. T. Arrres, F.S.A. Mr. C. Lynam, F.S.A. _ Mr. C. H. BorHam ey, F.I.C. Mr. D. H. MontcoMERIE. _ Professor Boyp Dawkins, F.R.S. | Mr. C. H. Reap, F.S.A. Sir Joun Evans, K.C.B., F.R.S. | Mr. J. Horace Rounp, LL.D. Mr. WiLLoucHBy GarDner. Col. O. E. Ruck, F.S.A. Scot. Mr. A. R. Gopparp, B.A. Mr. W. M. Tapp, LL.D., F.S.A. Mr. F. HavErFIELD, M.A.,F.S.A. | President B.C. A. WINDLE, F.R.S. Mr. W. H. St. Joun Hope, M.A. Mr. I. CHAaLKLEY GouLp, F.S.A., Hon. Sec. 2 Ir is with pleasure we have to note a marked increase in the interest taken in ancient defensive works and sepulchral memorials. It is seldom that the programme of an archeological society’s excursion does not include some ancient earthwork, camp or castle site ; more attention is given to our subject both in the transactions of societies and in the public press, and the honorary secretary receives evidence of increased interest in numerous letters coming from all parts of the country. These facts are gratifying to us as archeologists, but at the same time with sorrow we note that respect for the relics of the past has not yet spread sufficiently to check the constantly recurring instances of destruction. We again ask the archeological societies not to overlook the need for complete schedules of earthworks existing in the districts included in their respective spheres, being convinced that the judicious circulation of such lists will aid to stay the hands of the destroyer. It is remarkable to see how quickly the owner of a previously despised possession begins to value it when he finds that other people consider it of importance, and as few of our country’s prehistoric remains are protected by law it is the more important to influence those who own the vast majority of them. We may mention that schedules are being prepared by the Yorkshire Archeological Society, the East Herts Archzological Society, the Cardiff Naturalists, and, we believe, by a few other societies who have not yet informed us of their efforts in this direction. Apart from destruction of ancient works of earth or stone for utilitarian purposes, minor influences tend to their mutilation, to these the attention of owners and occupiers of the land may well be drawn by archzeological societies. For example, great trees, perhaps centuries old, grow on the ramparts of an ancient camp, a tree is blown down or may be stubbed up, a large bite is thereby eaten out of the bank and nothing is done to fill up the hollow thus created, though the cost of so doing is infinitesimal ! Rabbits are permitted to burrow at their own sweet will, gradually causing the banks to crumble and lose their continuity, while gardeners and others are allowed to remove barrow-loads of the light material. 3 Camps which possess guarding walls of stone are even more at the mercy of the neighbourhood unless jealously watched. That there is as much need as ever to keep guard over old fortifications is made manifest by a glance at the record of destruction contained in this report—a record very far from complete, for in many cases the mischief is accomplished aupheet by anyone possessed of reverence for the past. As a committee we have occasionally protested and appealed against destruction, but pressure applied by local county anehieo logical societies will have as great, or greater, weight. The transference to public bodies of ancient castles and castle sites, though usually structures of masonry rather than earthwork strongholds, must be mentioned. + Mont OrGEuUIL CAsTLE at Gorey, Jersey, long occupied as barracks and a signalling station, has been presented to the island authorities for preservation. SCARBOROUGH CASTLE ruins have been handed by the Department of Woods and Forests to the Corporation of Scarborough on a thirty years’ lease. Already the keep has been freed from rubbish, the castle well has been cleared to a depth of 180 feet, and a large accumulation of earth has been removed from the castle bailey. BisHOP’s STORTFORD.—The Urban Council is purchasing the castle- mount and the surrounding land, which will probably be used as a public garden or recreation ground. It is to be hoped that the utmost care will be taken to prevent injury to the great earthen mount, and especially to the interesting remains of the masonry of the castle on the summit.* We also note with satisfaction that the camp on Housestead Farm at Castleshaw, in the parish of Saddleworth, Yorkshire, has been _ purchased by Mr. Samuel Andrew, of Oldham, and Major Lees, of the _ * It will be interesting to obtain a list of earthworks and castles in possession of -H.M. Government and of public bodies. A few have already been noted in our _ feports; perhaps friends will enable the Honorary Secretary to render the list 4 In last year’s report we stated that the “ Six Hills,” near Stevenage, had been brought under the guardianship of the Hertfordshire County Council. Mr. W. B. Gerish now informs us that the statement was incorrect or, at least premature, as the County Council has not yet taken over the hills, but it is believed that the District Council will meantime make byelaws for the preservation of these interesting remains.* Although no definite result has followed the appeal based on Dr. Haverfield’s paper (referred to in last year’s report) made to the Director-General of the Ordnance Survey, there is little question that increased attention will be given to the delineation of earthwork remains in future editions of the maps, the Director-General being in sympathy with our object. ‘ It is gratifying to receive from Mr. J. Fitzgerald of H.M. Office of Works, the assurance that the “Board is now keenly alive to the importance of giving effect to the Ancient Monuments Acts,” and to note Mr. Fitzgerald’s personal interest in the objects of this committee. We have again to thank the Victoria History Syndicate for the presentation of the original plans of earthworks used in the volumes. Already we have the letterpress and plans relating to fifteen counties ; these are arranged in separate boxes and will be available for reference by members of the Archeological Societies in union with the Society of Antiquaries of Londen. BIBLIOGRAPHY .—Since the last report was issued chapters on the earthworks have been published in the following Victoria County Histories : CORNWALL os ww. , BY J. B. Comish DEVONSHIRE mM ... By J.Charles- Wall. OXFORDSHIRE ..... ... By William Potts. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE ... By W. Stevenson. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE... Compiled from notes and plans supplied by the Rev. E. A. Downman. * The Staffordshire County Council some time ago undertook the guardianship of Croxden Abbey, but so far as defensive works are concerned we are not aware that any County Council has exercised its powers under the Ancient Monuments Protection Act (1900). . : f : : 5 Amongst other literary matter bearing on the Committee’s subjects, published since the issue of the last report, may be noticed : Addy (S. O.).—“ A note on Brough and Bathumgate.” Mentions several works on the line of the Bathumgate. (Jour. Derbyshire Arch. & Nat. Hist. Soc., Vol. XXIX.) Andrews (R. Pye Chamberlain’s, Brent Pelham, Herts.” (East Herts Arch. Soc. Trans., Vol. III.) ———.—“ The Mound, Brent Pelham.” (East Herts Arch. Soc. Trans., Vol. III.) Ashby (T.).—“ Excavations at Caerwent, Monmouthshire, on the site of the Romano-British City of Venta Silurum, in the year 1905.” (Archeologia, Vol. LX, 1906.) Armitage (Mrs.).—‘“ The Norman Origin of Irish Mottes.” (Antiquary, 1906.) Bulleid (A.) and Gray (H. S. G.).—“ The Glastonbury Lake Village.” (Somerset Arch. Soc. Proc., Vol. LII.) Bush (T. S.).—“ Report on the Exploration on Little Down Field, Landsdown,”—continued from previous reports to September, 1906, with a list and description of the coins discovered (Keene & Co., Bath, 1907.) Clift (J. G. N.).—“The walls of Nottingham.” (Jour. British Arch. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XIII.) Clinch (George).—“ Recent discoveries at Wallington.” Refers to remains, ranging from the neolithic to the Romano- British age, found in the fosse of the camp at Wallington. (Surrey Arch. Coll., Vol. XX.) Costello (T. B.).— ‘‘ Tuam Raths and Souterrains,” with drawings by R. T. Kirwan. (The Stationery Co., Galway.) Crofton (H, T.).— “‘Agrimensorial Remains round Manchester,” with skeleton map and three views of Peel Moat, Heaton Norris. (Lanc. and Cheshire Antiq. Soc. Trans., Vol. XXIII.) ? Crouch (Walter).—‘‘ Uphall Camp, near Barking ”—continued eS from Vol. IX. (Essex Arch. Soc. Trans., N.S., Vol. X.) Cunnington (Mrs.),—‘‘ Notes on the opening of a bronze age barrow at Manton, near Marlborough.” (Reliquary, 1907.) 6 Curle (James).—“ The Roman Fort at Newstead. Notes on some recent finds.” (Scottish Historical Review, July, 1906.) Dawkins (WV. Boyd),—“ Introductory Note on Tre’r Ceiri.” (Arch. Cambrensis,” 6 Ser., Vol. VII.) Dobson (John).—“ Urswick Stone Walls.” This account of the explorations undertaken in the spring of 1906 is fully illustrated and followed by a note, by Mr. Reginald A. Smith, on ‘‘ A bronze fragment of Late-Keltic Engraving ” found close to the large hut-circle. (Cumberland and Westmoreland Ant. and Arch. Soc. Trans., N.S., Vol. VII.) Downman (E. A.).—‘‘ Ancient Strongholds in Herefordshire.” (Hereford Times, July 28th, 1906.) Falkiner (W. F.).—Note on ‘Earthworks Rathnarrow, Co. Westmeath.” (Jour. Roy. Soc. Ant. Ireland, 5th Ser., Vol. XXXVI.) Forster (R. H.).—‘“The Roman city of Corstopitum, near Corbridge-on-Tyne.” An account of the excavations referred to under “Explorations.” (Jour. Brit. Arch. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XII.) Gardner (Willoughby).—‘“‘ Notes on the Defences of Pen-y-Gaer, Carnarvonshire.” (Arch. Cambrensis, 6 Ser., Vol. VI.) Gould (I. Chalkley).—‘‘The burh at Maldon.” (Essex Arch. Soc. Trans., N.S., Vol. X.) —— ‘“Wymondley Castle” and ‘Some Notes on Wymondley in Domesday.” (East Herts Arch. Soc.- Trans., Vol. III.) —-— ‘Some Nottinghamshire Strongholds.” (Jour. Brit. Arch. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XIII.) —— ‘The Walls of Wallingford.” (Jour. Brit. Arch. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XII.) Gray (H. St. George).—“The stone circle on Withypool Hill, Exmoor.” (Somerset Arch. Soc. Proc., Vol. LII.) —— “Excavations at the ‘Stripple Stones,’ East Cornwall.” (Brit. Assoc. Report, 1906.) 7 Harvey (A.).—“ Bristol, a historical and topographical account of the city.” Contains brief descriptions of earthwork camps in close proximity to Bristol, and of the town and castle works in early days. (London: Methuen, 1906.) Holden (J. S.).—Discussion on “The War-banks, Suffolk.” (Proc. Suffolk Inst. of Arch., &c., Vol. XII.) Hope (W. H. St. John).—‘‘ Excavations on the site of the Roman city at Silchester, Hants, in 1905.” (Archzo- logia, Vol. LX, 1906.) Hughes (Harold).—‘“ Pen-y-Gorddyn, or Y Gorddyn Fawr.” (Arch. Cambrensis, 6 Ser., Vol. VI.) ——— “Excavations carried out at Tre’r Ceiri (Carnarvon- shire) in 1906.” (Arch. Cambrensis, 6 Ser., Vol. VII.) ——— “Exploration of Pen-y-Gaer, above Llanbedr-y-Cenin ” (Carnarvonshire). (Arch. Cambrensis, 6 Ser., Vol. VI.) James (E. Renouard).—“The Battle of Hastings,” contains discussion as to the Malfosse. (Royal Engineers’ Jour., 1907-) Kay (Thomas).—‘“ Antiquarian Notes from the Derbyshire Border of Cheshire.” i. The Roosdyche of Whaley. ii. The Torkington Moat, with view. (Lance. & Cheshire Antig. Soc. Trans., Vol. XXIII.) Malden (H. E.).—‘‘The earthworks at Lagham.” Possibly a prehistoric camp, with additional defences of the 13th century. (Surrey Arch. Collns., Vol. XX.) Martin (\V.).—‘‘ A Sussex hillfort.” [The Holt, Ringmer.] (Antiquary, 1907.) Matthews (T. A.).—‘‘ Some notes on Arbor Low and other lows in the High Peak.” (Jour. Derbyshire Arch. and Nat. Hist. Soc., Vol. XXIX.) May (Thomas).—‘‘ The excavations on the Romano-British site at Wilderspool during 1905.” (Trans. Hist. Soc. Lancashire and Cheshire, 1906.) Morgan (W. LI.).—‘‘ Excavation at Coelbren.” (Arch. Cambrensis 6 Ser., Vol. VII.) 8 Norman (F. Martin).—*‘ Official Guide to the fortifications [of Berwick on Tweed] with explanatory diagrams.” Pub- lished for the Historic Monuments Committee. (G. C. Grieve, Berwick, 1907.) Norman (Philip) and Reader (F. W.).—‘‘ Recent Discoveries in connexion with Roman London.” (Archaeologia, Vol. LX., 1906.) Orpen (Goddard H.).—“ The Castle of Raymond le Gros at Fodredunolan.” (Jour. Roy. Soc. of Ant. of Ireland, Vol. XXXVI.) — ‘Motes and Norman castles in Ireland.” Parts r and 2. (Eng. Hist. Rev. 1907.) — “Motes and Norman castles in Ireland.” (Jour. Roy. Soc. of Ant. of Ireland, Vol. XXXVII.) Pryce (T. Davies),—‘‘ Earthworks of the moated mound type.” (Jour. Brit. Arch. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XII.) Redstone (V. B.).—“ Account of the earthworks known as the ‘Warbanks’ at Shimpling Thorne Court, Suffolk.” (Proc. Suffolk Inst. of Arch., Vol. XII.) Ruck (O. E.).—‘“‘Archzologia Militaria. Notes on Joyden’s Redoubt, Bexley, Kent.” (Royal Engineers’ Jour., 1906). —— “OppidaCantiana. Notes on Bigberry Camp and the Pilgrims’ Way.” (Royal Engineers’ Jour., 1906.) —— “The Battle of Hastings.” Contains discussion as to the Malfosse. (Royal Engineers’ Jour., 1997.) Russell (J. L.).—‘‘ Black Barrow, near Todmorden.” An account of the discoveries on opening this barrow is included in “The Yorkshire Coiners, 1767-1783, and Notes on Old and Prehistoric Halifax,” by H. Ling Roth. (Halifax, King & Sons, 1907.) Sands (Harold).—‘“‘Seme Kentish Castles.” A paper published | in ‘* Memorials of Old Kent,” edited by P. H: Ditchfield and George Clinch. (London, Bemrose & Sons, 1907.) Societ y of Antiquaries of Scotland.—“‘ Excavations of the Roman Station at Newstead, near Melrose. An ad inferim report for 1906.” cashire.” This much enlarged edition of the work mentioned in our last report contains information relating to many early earthworks. (Sherratt & Hughes, London and Manchester, 1906.) Ward (John).—“ Roman remains at Cwmbrwyn, Carmarthen- shire.” (Arch. Cambrensis, 6 ser., Vol. VII.) Westropp (T. J.).—‘ The principal ancient castles of the county Limerick.” (Jour. Roy. Soc. Ant. Ireland, 5 ser, XXXVII.). ‘Notes on certain promontory forts in the counties of Waterford and Wexford.” (Jour. Roy. Soc. of Ants. of Ireland., 5 ser., Vol. XXXVI.) Willis-Bund (J. W.).—“ The evolution of Worcester.” Contains particulars and plans of the early defences of the city. (Arch. Jour., LXIII.) Wilmer (H.).—‘“Red-hills exploration committee's Interim report for 1g06.” Relates to excavations of the 9 Taylor (Henry).—‘“ Ancient Crosses and Holy Wells of Lan- 3 4 mysterious low mounds of burnt material on the Essex coast. 1907. DESTRUCTION. The destruction or mutilation of defensive earthworks, and even more of tumuli and barrows, is constantly pro- ceeding in many parts of the country, but passes unrecorded in most instances. Cases which have come under notice include : Aspon Burr.—The remains of the camp on Brown Clee are in hourly danger of removal in the process of obtaining stone for the construction of the Cleobury Mortimer and Ditton Priors Light Railway. Coal, apparently, will also be worked on the hill, A tram-line has been laid to the summit to facilitate the removal of stone. The camp, known as Bitterley, on the Titterstone Clee has so long been subjected to similar treatment that its fragments are hard to recognize. BaRNarD CastLe.—Mr. Duncan Montgomerie wrote in September last,—“‘I find that part of the original moat is being (and has nearly % been) filled up by tipping town refuse into it. The portion referred to is on the north side and is where the ditch ran out on to the cliff: this is being done by the District Council with the consent of Lord Barnard, and the reason alleged is ‘to make the descent less dangerous’; but the footpath does not touch this portion !” Ic BURGHILL, HEREFORDSHIRE.—The low mount close to the church has been levelled. It was of square form and moated. Ham Hitt, near Montacute, SomersET.—The quarrying operations referred to in our last report are further threatening the important remains of the camp. HARBLEDOWN, BIGBERRY, near Canterbury.—Remains of earth- works are being further destroyed by digging for gravel on the south-west side. HarMoNDSworTH, MipDLESEX.—The poor remnants of a square camp, about 380 feet across, consisting mainly of a low enclosing rampart, have recently been completely levelled by agricultural opera- tions. The camp was situated in the hamlet of Sipson Green, south of the Bath Road. LEEK, STAFFORDSHIRE.—Cock Low barrow, described in Bateman’s “Ten years’ diggings” p. 183, has’ been levelled to the ground; the owner and the local authority not agreeing upon terms for its retention. Lypiarp TREGOzs, WILTSHIRE.—Bincknoll Camp. Rubble digging on the site has materially injured the rampart of this ancient stronghold. Menpip Hir1s.—Adjacent to the Castle of Comfort Inn, on the top of the range, were four curious ring-works ; one has long since been destroyed, and recently another has been nearly levelled to make a cabbage-field. NorwicH.—A portion of the castle mount has been cut away to provide a site for the extension of the Shire Hall. (It appears that the mount is natural to a greater extent than has been thought.) STANNON, ST. BREWARD (East), CoRNWALL.—Mr. H. St. George Gray informs us that a viaduct in connection with the china clay works is being built and that “the granite is being ubtained from the fine group of Hut Circles in some of the roughest pasture fields on Stannon Farm, and between that farm and the Fernacre Circle and Rough Tor. I am wondering whether an attempt will be made to destroy the Circles next! I am assured by the farmers in the neighbourhood that the Circles are safe, being on common land; but the destruction of the Hut-Circles is still in progress and likely to be for some time. I am told that the agent of the owner of Stannon Farm (Sir Wm. Onslow) has given permission for these Hut-Circles to be destroyed, as they are a hindrance to agriculture in the fields; but other Hut-Circles near, If those cutside the fields and on the common, are not to be touched and this remark applies also to the Circles. | However, if stone enough cannot be obtained from the fields, it is quite possible that permission may be sought to remove granite from the moors, and if so the Circles } 2? would be imperilled WirHam, Essex.—Destruction of the remnants of this priceless historic record continues. There will soon be little or nothing remaining of the burh of Edward the Elder. In addition we have to report the destruction or mutilation of six tumuli or barrows in various parts of Wiltshire during the past twelve or eighteen months. EXPLORATION. A Lpezurcu, SuFFOLK.—The raised ground -or low mound on Barber’s Point, long supposed to be the site of a settlement of the Roman period, has been partially explored by the Aldeburgh Literary Society, and has yielded “‘Samian” and other ware. BERWICK-ON-TWEED.-~Accumulated earth and rubbish have been removed from parts of the Brass Mount and the Cumberland Bastion of the Elizabethan walls, and further work is now in hand by the Berwick Historic Monuments Committee. CADSTER, NEAR CHAPEL-EN-LE-FRITH, DrRBySHIRE.—Mr. W. J. Andrew has conducted a slight examination of a stone-circle recently discovered by him, which discloses unusual features. The excavations were limited to a sectional trench two feet wide, and to removing the turf which covered some of the principal stones. His report will appear in ‘‘Memorials of Derbyshire,” and detailed plans and particulars will be deposited with this Committee. CAERWENT.—The principal work carried out upon the site of Venta Silurum during 1906 consisted of the excavation of a large house of the court-yard type in the land lately bought by Lord Tredegar. The interesting series of finds includes some bronze objects of greater artistic _ merit than usual. CarNARVON.—Excavations in the progress of building operations are revealing further traces of the Roman station of Segontium. COELBREN, SoutH Wa tes.—Colonel W. Llewellyn Morgan’s _ excavations of the Roman camp have disclosed evidence of a I2 remarkable use of timber in the construction of the rampart and berm, especially at the angles. where ballista and other heavy engines of war may have been placed. The shallow outer trenches seem to have been designed not so much as, in themselves, obstacles to hinder attack ot the fortress as to provide cover for sharpened stakes of hard wood. Many of these have been discovered. CORBRIDGE-ON-TYNE.— Extensive and systematic excavations have been made on the site of the Roman city of Corstopitum, revealing part of the plan of the town and unearthing interesting remains. The exploration has been conducted by the Northumberland County History Committee, under the supervision of Dr. Haverfield, Mr. C. L. Woolley and Mr. R. H. Forster. Essex Rep-HILLS.—A survey and excavations of several examples in the parish of Langenhoe Were conducted in the autumn of 1906, resulting in the discovery of relics belonging to the late Celtic period. (See Bibliography.) FORGLEN, BANnrrsHirE.—Mr. H. St. George Gray last year excavated the tumulus known as Rounie Law. A paper descriptive of the result will appear in the forthcoming volume of the Proceedings of the Soc. of Ants. of Scotland. GLasTONLURY.—The final series of excavations of the Lake Village occupied seven weeks under the supervision of Mr. A. Bulleid and Mr. H. st. G. Gray. Grimsion, NoRFOLK.—The Norfolk and Norwich Arch. Soc. has excavated the site of a Roman Villa under the advice of Mr. H. Laver, F.S.A. KENDERCEURCH, HEREFORDSHIRE.—Some excavation of the mound on Little Howton Farm was carried cn by Mr. T. G. Barnett in August, 1906, and will probably be continued this year. Lanspown, Batu.—Further explorations of the site occupied by a Romano-British settlement have been conducted by Mr. T. S. Bush and others. Lonpon.—In the course of excavation for the new Post Office buildings on the site of Christ’s Hospital, portions of the wall of London have been found and many relics appertaining to Roman and later times were discovered. Numerous other excavations have yielded 13 important evidence and have been summarized by Mr. Philip Norman and Mr. Francis W. Reader. (See Bibliography.) MANCHESTER.—Excavations have been made by the local branch of the Classical Association on a site in the centre of the city, enabling the explorers, under the guidance of Mr. F. A. Bruton, to fix the line of the western wall of the Roman station of Mancunium. Manton, near Marlborough.—In October last Mr. B. Howard Cunnington opened a barrow disclosing a skeleton and many valuable relics of the bronze age. (See Bibliography.) Metanpra, GLossop.—Further investigations of this important Roman station have been carried on by Mr. F. A. Bruton and Mr. J. H. Hopkinson, with interesting results regarding the plan of the headquarters building. The excavations have been conducted on behalf of the Manchester and District Branch of the Classical Association. MIDDLEHAM, YORKSHIRE.—The Roman Antiquities Committee for Yorkshire has cleared the foundations of the Roman building and made a plan of the lines of structure disclosed. Some exploration took place many years since. (See the Yorkshire Arch. Journal, Vol. VII, p. 459.) NEwMARKET.—A tumulus of the Bronze age, on the hill above Newmarket Race-course, has been excavated by Professor T. McKenny Hughes. NEwsTEAD, near Melrose.—Excavations have continued without intermission, revealing much important information as to the conditions of life within the walls of this Roman station. PENYGORDDYN, DENBIGHSHIRE.—The exploration of this ancient stronghold has been continued by the Abergele Antiquarian Society, under the supervision of Mr. Willoughby Gardner. PEvENSEY.—The area within the walls of this important Roman fortress has been partially excavated by a committee, of which Mr. L. F. Salzmann is the secretary. Full results of the exploration _ will be published shortly. RiecHEsTER.—Mr. Thomas May writes,—‘‘ The principal results of the exploration recently directed by me in the centre of the well-known Roman fortification at Ribchester during two separate months, from 14 November 12, to December 13 of last year, and from April 8 to May 9 of this year were the uncovering of foundations and portions of the superstructure of the outer walls of the headquarter building (Praetorium, or perhaps more correctly Principia), for nearly their whole length upon the S.E. and S.W. sides as well'as at the four corners, and here and there upon its other two sides.” SILCHESTER.—Excavations, confined to the grass field which occupies a considerable area near the middle of the Roman site, extended over six months, under the constant supervision of Mr. Mill Stephenson. It is hoped this year to bring to a conclusion the examination of the whole _ of the roo acres within the town wall. STOKE Courcy, SOMERSET.— Excavations of the Wick Barrow were carried on in April by Mr. H. St. G. Gray, assisted by the Rev. C. W. Whistler and by Mr. Albany Major, of the Viking Club. The barrow contained remains belonging to the bronze age. 1. CHALKLEY GOULD, FSA, Honorary Secretary of the Earthworks Committee, Royal Societies Club, St. James’s Street, London, S.W. it 15 CLASSIFICATION. The following classification of defensive works is recommended by the Committee :— a. Fortresses partly inaccessible, by reason of precipices, cliffs, or water, additionally defended by artificial works, usually known as promontory fortresses. p. Fortresses on hill-tops with artificial defences, following the natural line of the hill. Or, though usually on high ground, less dependent on natural slopes for protection. c. Rectangular or other simple enclosures, including forts and towns of the Romano-British period. p. Forts consisting only of a mount with encircling moat or fosse. rx. Fortified mounts, either artificial or partly natural, with traces of an attached court or bailey, or of two or more such courts. yr. Homestead moats, such as abound in some lowland districts, consisting of simple enclosures formed into artificial islands by water moats, c. Enclosures, mostly rectangular, partaking of the form of F, but protected by stronger defensive works, ram- parted and fossed, and in some instances provided with outworks. u. Ancient Village sites protected by walls, ramparts or fosses. x. Defensive works which fall under none of these headings. Illustrations of typical forms of earthworks were published in the Scheme for recording defensive earthworks and fortified enclosures,” ‘in the Appendix. These will be sent on application to the rorary Secretary. 28 OCT 1939 THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). WILTSHIRE—THE TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.R.S., A.D. 1659-1670 Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J.E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 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Appeal for the Preservation of the “Grey Wethers.” The attention of all Members of the Society is called to the Appeal accompanying this Magazine for funds to purchase two portions of the site covered by the “Grey Wethers ” near Marl- borough, in order that they~may be preserved in their natural state. Up to the present £277 12s. has been paid or promised by about eighty- -seven subscribers. required amount. This is rather more than half the It is greatly to be desired that the remainder may be made up within the next three months. Even the Smallest sum will be gratefully received by either of the Hon. Secretaries of the Society, or may be sent to NicEL Bonp, Esq, Secretary of the National Trust, 25, Victoria Street, London, S.W. A:G:EIN: TS FOR THE SALE OF THER WILTSHIRE . MAGAZINE, Bath R. F. Houston, New Bond Street. Bristol JAMES Fawn & Son, 18, Queen’s Road. Calne . A. Heatu & Son, Market Place. Chippenham RF: Houston, High Street. Devizes C. H. Woopwanrp, Saint John Street. 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Long—Nos. 46-7 of the Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s 6d. This still remains the best and most Yeliable account of Stonehenge and its Earthworks. Wioeon ih Arehealagical and Natural Wistary MAGAAINE. No. CIX. JUNE, 1908. Vou, XC: Contents. PAGE Note on an INscRIPTION ON A Borrezess OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL: By A. R. Malden, F.S.A.. Seen oe ae eeee dea 347 JOHN BarBoR, OF SALISBURY, “BrastEr: By Amherst D. Tyssen, TOOT G8 GY De Pe Sen a eet Sf ae eae 351 Notes ON THE CHURCHES OF RopBOURNE CHENEY, LyDIARD ’ MILiicEent, STAPLEFORD, WYLYE, WISHFORD, STEEPLE LANGFORD, AND Lirrie Lanerorp: By C. E. Ponting, B.S.A... ne 370 . Norrs on Ossects or “ Lare Centig” CHARACTER FOUND IN WILT- SHIRE: By the Rev. E. H. Goddard .. ; onias citer eviews se 389 Otiver’s Camp, Devizes; By Maud E. Cunnington... : 408 A Buriat Incipent at Market LAvINGTON, AND A "REMARKABLE ParocHIAL AGREEMENT OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: By Beart PEW OU GUY OROg v5 frntise ae tateaiccs Se Sed oasestac i enn wasanees 445 THe Heraupry oF WiLTon Cuunrcu: By the Rev. E. Dorling ..... 453 THe Socrety’s MSS., Clyffe Pypard, Bupton, Warrins.................. 460 THE Grey WETHERS PRESERVATION FUND..........00...0. coseecosssecees 497 hs Faaite 3 ci’ton desis ateuh es se uae cus cake teOaiy i oes nage s edt anaaeereee 500 OPEN A LL 8.50 ccocunie Onn feaite civos gov yseswadvns (aes ceavuhitewvdatesdececays 505 aye, SEP TATOWY, NOTE, iocncc dase icdenenec «ceadces/ se raes covadavcbsccungetekes 508 Recent WILTSHIRE Books, PAMPHLETS, ARTICURS; WO0o sess cacteee ee 509 IBoDKS,, 6c., BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS.......0....:scccccoscosaccescscecseneseee 520 ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LiIBRARY...........2.02ceeceeceeseceeecscecceces -- 524 PROCTINDS PHOS LOM MMet a-bccsodsgesccsescctevesrecceeere vecscecovettcdsevactceceses 525 ILLUSTRATIONS. Stamps used by John Barbor czy 1400. From the ChriGiennayes oles reac J accteacce! eystcasacecsttesserese enc 366 Head of Cross (?) built into tower of Rodbourne Cheney Church; and Fragmant of Cross Shaft (?) built into wall of Rodbourne Cheney Church............... 372 Early Shaft at Lydiard Millicent..............cc00.c.2ee008 373 Incised Slab, Steeple Langford ............ cc. ccc ccc eeeee, 383 Tympanum, ‘Little Langford Church, Wilts ............ 387 Figs. 1, 2, and 8, Objects of Late Celtic Character hownd in WAMGERING cess cress ccc se casieccxedeicecnesceocac-s 398 Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 ditto ditto 399 Figs. 8, 9,10, 11, 12, and 18 ditto ditto 400 Figs. 14, 15, 16, and 17 ditto ditto 401 Figs. 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 _— ditto ditto 402 Figs. 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 _— ditto ditto 403 Fig. 1.—Plan of Oliver’s Camp and surroundings...... 412 Fig. 2.—Oliver’s Camp, showing the position of the RBOMORE GUN 3 tex cE ns «05> ove aneirn nd jenieucaacsttliuvcacwrs 413 Fig. 3.—Plan of Entrance ...... 420 Fig. 4.—Section of East Ditch, North of Entrance... 423 Fig. 5.—Section A. of Rampart and Ditch ........... 429 Fig. 6.—Iron object of unknown use .............sse0000+ 431 _ Fig. 7.—Section C, through Rampart and Ditch ...... 432 Fig. 8.—Section E, through Rampart and Ditch...... 436 Fig. 9.—Section G.. 438 Bone Conical Button and Rude Earthenware Vessel, from Barrow at Oliver’s Camp, Devizes.. ve. 448 Plans of Lands Purchased by the National Trust ..... 501 DEVIZES: C. H. Woopwarp 4, Saint Joun STREET. Ae Was foe ie LEGO 2 cies Beane 31:>: sp EL Sy tte caer a pe oh be Lay Ge 44 Pe » + ie? . ual att nes otk ope Pa tae 1 a. pepe dre 4 eat 0S eee ae Me acces en a Fae te iy cee Ae rah eb oe Sayers 7) .3 ee an aah ist By ‘ p eK rq yale Pats. a W wtls Bale’ Ry Sata a: a Ves) 38 E.9 : AEs Hijabs oh adh, a8 : ih brn ce were. Feat Seach fag |: # jie Sy . Nuh: patweeel y's petal) tes SA eee Ce tad r 20s) bee , 2 i AE: he ‘akan Mrh, eo ; Abt 7 >. Py se ot (ee YS ae ‘inary A: Loh we peo -arvtlenet = Savas at qn -qsao se eh Mi ae rhe "eerEt yee ee ey yh awe eel itu, arvits om 4) r . veg a LAE vine" eanite 3 Jue Sane Sen meek \ Weese ha it » *. tartar Pah (oe \ ? ser ty . * a> . ; ay af vy t emg ae cnaeees st a yo hak a aie Ae ORR Ge SEP EO r* NE ot Ves 4 ‘ ata er: cade te bp i... 3 ean Lee eS ae preg tim +i ord est . CS aeen a ee vathacl wea 67 ane ’ aes eis ote seascape ley we tes as - fis Ee See ’ 5 Pe aol «Fane mye sek eee ve osteae save tte Lien aoe Pat ace . ie a Te a oe Rone aad Hy th ipl Jes oo (act. ee LOE Pile’ ‘ql 5 ur Uy + ane noes ; —— Ra “erene ee ya* | eat Hwee et ice. F : , Aerie 2s: pe Sa Mcicr es ytpaw hy io os seb ¥ sige aera roy, Mn . y 10 i) ey, Hide ok ae git a Lh VOcie eS eas = peel ay tome) ‘ eee Y SAMS cri ake! Rtgu 7 Sky? Wie he “ See i oN eet fe east beat p=) uty Se . a, ‘ ae heey sAty abst im. } i ta rest fb a ia Pal S Paysarty M seh jie ex i jenperth nif ee Ba 0 ied . Pra, tua err ae Be eer TC REE * | , it ga oo eee aren li WE on Pie sie ; vita alee rat mey | Are UL fl Om pike ee & ths qe 8 YUE 4 ub es ge aa n 2 tees EU) V0 adh Fa utes pcan fet acy bifold Beir ee at a ¢ CAA Ms 4 % ; ; i a a steweree yous tte i thw oN ad (asad Oi aAe + 4 Mirita dl leat OUN aa aa tie. cet ae 23 ae at sap | ize xiegtieeey My inte ’ eee Pa: Sl lay rica 5 ding fac Mig ae aetaceeoeet brian wm adeuB A A ae zu ik Seu? fed freaked “si oh eats 4 . Pert 4 sae . a ’ obey : 4 Mie. ei? mie F € “ii by 7 pli tm ~ ve ah oat eis ee ih RE ab: 8 cAL Yt esque ab oAE te sae Seiad ok ssh ove Bt tas =e a THE WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. “MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’—Ovid. JUNE, 1908. Alote on an Anscription on a Buttress of Salisbury Cathedral. By A. R. Manpen, F.S.A. [Read at the Wilton Meeting, 1906.) . THE inscription is to be found upon a stone measuring about 3ft. x 1ft. and about 4ft. 6in. or 5ft. from the ground upon the eastern face of the second buttress from the east outside the south aisle of the choir of the Cathedral. I can in no way claim it as a discovery, because the inscription appears to have been noticed by Leland, who calls it a Latin inscription much defaced, but does not give a rendering of it. He says it is in the vergers’ burial ground. It is true that in his time there was a verger’s house near the place, but I never elsewhere found any mention of a vergers’ burial ground, and Leland himself says that there was bishop buried near the same place. The inscription is also mentioned in Gough’s “Sepulchral Monuments” (vol. ii., part I. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. Z 348 Notes on an Inscription on a Buttress of Salisbury Cathedral. p- cclxxxix.), where a rendering is given, but not a very convincing one as it will neither construe nor scan. I have known of the inscription for a great many years, but it was only in 1905 that I made any serious effort to arrive at a reading of my own. The first word, HAC, was all that I was able to read at first, owing to the stone being so overgrown with lichen that, although it was easy to see that words were there, they could not be read. By the use of a scrubbing brush and soap and water I managed to remove nearly all the lichen and was then able to read some of the words. I then got the stone photographed, and from the photographs was able to arrive at more of the sense. I have since had the photo- graph enlarged. When the stone had been cleaned it was obvious at once that there had been six lines of Latin Elegiacs relating to music and musical instruments; and further, from the beginning, HAC IA .. . . TUMBA, that it was an epitaph, or of the nature of an epitaph. The question then was :—whose epitaph was it? The first line ends with a dissyllabic word be- ginning with MOTT, and I remembered the name of Adam Mottram, who was Precentor of Salisbury at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and I found that he died in August, 1415, and by his will desired to be buried in the Cathedral (Jones, “ Fasti,” quoting Browne Willis). I have, therefore, no doubt that this is the epitaph, or an inscription in memory of Adam Mottram Precentor from 1397 to 1415. When medieval writers of epitaphs ventured into the realms of verse they found themselves obliged to write not exactly what they wished to say, but as near an ap- proach thereto as they could manage to bring into lines that did not too violently outrage the rules of Latin prosody and quantity, and so I think we must not be too exacting in the sense we extract from the lines. I should say that at some period a shed was built against the buttress, and the sloping roof has cut off the ends of the first four lines and nearly all of the fifth and sixth. I will first give what I think the remaining words are, and afterwards give the different readings and suggestions that have been kindly offered me by others. My reading (some of the illegible words — being conjecturally supplied) is :— Notes on an Inscription on a Buttress of Salisbury Cathedral. 349 HAC IA[CET IN]JTUMBA FIDEI TUBA TIBIA MOTT[RAM] MUSICA MENDICAT MUTA VIOLLA DOLET PSALTERIUM CITHARE LIRA SISTRA SALES LITUORUM CONTICUERE SUO FUNERE MESTA IACENT REEMA Ges o52 Al ob bates allel w. gab a Oot QUE. sx... - 1 In the first line I should like to read TIBIO instead of TIBIA, giving the meaning, “the musician Mottram,” but I cannot find that the word was ever used; it is one that I should not be surprised to meet with, but I cannot find authority for it. In the second line, MUSICA MUTA may refer to the Precentor’s duties as conductor, as I find that musica muta was used to describe a conductor’s action in beating time. The Bishop of Salisbury has suggested instead of the fifth, sixth, and seventh words, in the first line, FIDEI VERA UNIO, that is, “the true pearl of faith Mottram.” UNIO is masculine,and the epithet should consequently be masculine, VERUS, but the Bishop says that in baser Latin he would expect to find it feminine. This suggestion is not the result of any lengthy consideration on the part of his lordship, as I believe he only saw the small photograph for a short time, but even an offhand suggestion of his is worthy of attention. Mr. Reginald Poole, of Magdalen College Oxford, does not believe in MOTT[RAM] at the end of the first line, but he has only seen the photograph, and the letters MOTT are, I think, more evident on the stone than in the photograph, and I have no doubt of them myself. The Rev. Douglas Macleane and Mr. J. U. Powell have also been kind enough to look at the photograph, and Mr. Macleane has also inspected the stone. I do not know if Mr. Powell has done so. Mr. Macleane suggests in the first line FIDES ET TUA TIBIA, but not, I think, quite seriously, but with an eye j0 a pun upon the double meaning of TIBIA. Mr. Powell would t VIELLA for VIOLLA in the second line. Which may be roughly translated :— In this tomb, oh Mottram, lie thy lute and pipe, The silenced music is wanting, the viol laments, The psaltery, harp, lyre, timbrel, and skill upon the clarion All were silent in his death, mournful lie The instruments . Which It is true there is Yi We 350 Notes on an Inscription on a Buttress of Salisbury Cathedral. a word VIELLA, and so far as I know the word VIOLLA, with two L’s is not found, but VIOLA with one L does exist, and as I think the letter before the two L’s looks much more like an O than an E, and a letter more or less was not likely to trouble a medieval scribe or stone carver, I am inclined to stick to VIOLLA. At one time I thought the word was CITOLLA, which is found with both one and two L’s, but I think now VIOLLA or VIELLA better. At the end of the third line Mr. Macleane suggests CATERVA TUBARUM and Mr. Powell TUBORUM, CATERVA TUBORUM being a good description of an organ, an assembly of tubes, not of trumpets. In the fourth line Mr. Powell reads TUO for SUO, but to me the word looks more like SUO than TUO, and in medieval Latin I should expect that word to be used for “his,” but TUO makes equally good sense and may be right. Mr. Powell suggests HODIE as the last word of the fourth line. There is certainly something very like an H, but it is a modern H, not like those used elsewhere, and in my opinion that part of the inscription has been mangled by some later hand carving its owner’s initials and so obscuring the original word; the alteration is more apparent on the stone than in the photograph. For the last word in this line Mr. Macleane suggests COHORS. In the sixth line Mr. Powell suggests TIBI as the word after QUI or QUE, and I think very likely he is right. I have considered several other possible, but I think im- probable, readings of the doubtful words, and I shall be grateful for any new suggestions from anybody who may take sufficient interest in the matter to inspect the stone. After all the varying interpretations that I have mentioned, one most interesting fact remains, which is, that we have in this inscription an epitaph which has been exposed to the weather for something like five hundred years, (putting MOTTRAM on one side the form of the letters points to a time not later than the early part of the fifteenth century,) and yet is still partially legible, and that in the case of a stone which has been exposed to the English climate is not a common thing to find. Hohn Parbor, of Salishurp, Mvasiev. By AMHERST D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. THE first book published on the subject of Church bells, namely that written by the Rev. W. C. Lukis, about half-a-century ago, mentioned that a bell existed at Chitterne, in Wiltshire, bearing the words JHON BAR BVR ME MADE and in the course of time a rubbing was obtained of the bell, showing the character of the letters; it was observed that other bells with the same lettering existed, and it also became known that the will of John Barbor was preserved at Somerset House, on the verso of p. 43 of the Register called Marche. THE WILL OF JOHN BARBOR. In Dei nomine Amen. Die veneris in vigilia purificationis beate Marie virginis Anno domini millesimo cece™ tertio Ego Johannes Barbor Brasier civis civitatis Nove Sarum debita meditatione perpendens quod humane nature debilis conditio in hac valle miserie posita tot & tantis subjacet periclis & erumpnis (erumnis) maxime cum nichil morte certius & nichil ‘incertius quod velit nolit oportet quemlibet ingredi vias ejus volens nunc _ quantum a summo rerum conditore conceditur precavere nolens quoque bona’ _ mea nunc adeo (? a Deo) collata inordinata relinquere ad honorem & laudem’ ‘ipsius ordino de bonis meis testamentum meum & condo in hune modum _Inprimis quidem animam meam do & comendo (sic) altissimo creatori meo “qui eam cruce suo sanguine precioso redemit ac gloriose virgini Marie matri sue et omnibus sanctis ejus ut ipsi eandem cum ab hac luce migraverit in gaudium sempiternum recipere dignentur quorum meritis & precibus credo firmiter mea demerita in die judicii deleri corpus quoque meum terre & sare se- pulture ad sepeliendum in ecclesia sancti Edmundi Sarum in le northile coran sede ‘mea ibidem Item lego fabrice ecclesie Cathedralis beate Marie Sarum vit. viii‘, vel valorem ejusdem Item fabrice ecclesie sancti Edmundi Sarum . Item lego preposito ibidem pro decimis meis oblitis & minus benefactis ‘xxvi’. viii‘. Item fabrice ecclesie sancti Thome Sarum vi*. viii‘. vel valorem _ ejusdem Item fabrice sancti Martini Sarum vi*. viii‘. vel valorem ejusdem Item sororibus misericordie Sarum vi*. viii’. Item fratribus predicatoribus de _Fysshton vi'. viii4. Item domui sancte Trinitatis in nova Sarum vocate _ almeshaus xl. Item cuilibet filiolo & filiole meis xii‘. Item volo quod Johannes Peccham post decessum meum habeat ii biluwes & ducentorum pondus ollarum enearum novarum per visum executorum meorum Item lego Johanni 352 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. Avene j togam viridem cum furre & pondere viii c, de ollis eneis novis Item lego Agneti filiole mee j ollam eneam precii vi‘. viii‘, Item lego Isabelle sorori mee ¢*. Item Aliciz servienti mee xx*. & j ollam eneam precii v*. Item Omfrido Funder tantum pondus ollarum enearum novarum quantum attingit precium x*. Item lego Ricardo Peccham ii biliewes j ollam eneam precii v*. Item remitto Johanni Palmer summum vi‘. viii‘ de debito quod michi debet Item remitto Johanni Fure tenenti meo vii'. vi", de debito quod michi debet eneam precii v*. Item lego Petro Brasier omnia instrumenta mea & omnes mensuras artificio meo pertinentes Item remitto Johanni Gosselyn iiii" xi®. quos michi debet si contingat me ab hac luce migrare Item lego Thome togam meam optimam Item lego predicto Thome Tanner togam meam sod6 (? secundam) meliorem Item lego domino Johanni Jakes capellano vi® viii ad orandum pro anima mea Item lego cuilibet capellano collegiato in ecclesia sancti Edmundi Sarum xx? Item cuilibet alii capellano in eadem ecclesia xiit ad orandum pro anima mea Item diacono ibidem viii? Item sacriste ibidem vi‘, Item fraternitati lis (? luminis) austre crucis in ecclesia beate Marie Sarum xii’ Item fraternitati lis (? luminis) borealis crucis in ecclesia sancti Edmundi predicta xii‘. Item lego fabrice ecclesie parochialis de Alwardbury x14. & j ollam eneam precii v Item volo quod unus capellanus ydoneus per executores meos eligendus celebret per iiii annos proxime sequentes post decessum meum in ecclessia sancti Edmundi Sarum predicta in qua corpus meum jacet humatum pro anima mea animabus patrum matrum parentum amicorum necnon & omnium fidelium defunctorum Item lego Willelmo Sybier j ollam eneam precii iiiis Item lego ad reparationem & emendationem vie subtus Claryndon que ducit versus Alwardbury xx* Item volo quod executores mei distribuant pro salute anime mee inter pauperes in civitate nove Sarum in die sepulture mee c* Item lego Johanni Swyft zonam meam optimam argento apparatam Item Martio Irmongero parvum baslard argento apparatum Item lego Ade Caly j ollam novam precii v* Item lego quoque cuilibet pauperi in lecto jacenti in civitate Sarum ii* ad orandum pro anima mea Item lego Johanni Palmer juniori j ollam eneam precii vi* viii‘ Item adhoe lego Willelmo Spicer capellano xl4 ad orandum pro anima mea Item lego cuilibet capellano in ecclesia sancti Thome Sarum vi‘ ad orandum pro anima mea Item cuilibet capellano ecclesie sancti Martini iiii‘ ad orandum pro anima mea Item lego predicto person Webbe j ollam eneam precii vi* Item fabrice ecclesie sancti Thome de Wynchestre xx* Item volo quod executores mei inferius nominati disponant pro me et nomine meo ac loco meo simul cum Johanne Swyft Irmonger de bonis et legatis testamenti Thome Sexteyn cui predictus Johannes Swyft & ego sumus executores adeo plene et integraliter sicut et ego paratturus (? peracturus) essem si in vita presens essem in exonerationem anime mee. Item volo & ordino quod totum illud messuagium meum cum pertinentiis situatum in civitate nove Sarum in Wynchestrestret inter tenementum Thome Knoell ex parte boreali & viam de Melmonger stret ex parte occidentali statim post decessum Alicie uxoris mee per executores meos vendatur et pecunia inde recepta pro anima mea By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.CL., M.A. 353 & animabus supradictis in elemosinis dandis & aliis operibus caritatis faciundis distribuatur & disponatur. Residuum vero bonorum meorum superius non legatorum debitis & legatis meis perimpletis unam medietatem lego Alicie uxori mee alteram vero medietatem bonorum prdictorum lego executoribus meis ad disponendum pro salute anime mee & animarum antedictarum prout iisdem executoribus animabus illis melius & salubrius videbitur expedire Et ad executionem istius testamenti mei bene & fideliter perimplendam ordino facio & constituo executores Petrum Brasier & Thomam Wheoler et super- visorem ejusdem ordino Johannem Swyft et ulterius volo quod per executores meos prenotatos distribuantur de pecunia recepta de venditione messuagii predicti proveniente pauperibus egenis lecto jacentibus in civitate Nove Sarum quinquaginta paria de blanketts ubi iisdem executoribus magis idoneum & necesse videbitur prodesse & anime mee expedire Et quod distribuantur per executores predictos pauperibus egenis per viam vagantibus infra civitatem predictam sexaginta paria socularum Et volo quod post decessum Alicie uxoris mee delibrant fabrice nove capelle de ecclesia sancti Edmundi Sarum xl de venditione tenementi supradicti si interim contigerit ipsam capellani de novo construi sui autem volo executores mei predicti distribuant predictos xl* pro salute anime mee. Probatum fuit hoc testa- mentum coram nobis Johanne Perche Commissario etc. ii Idus Maii anno domini millesimo quadragentessimo quarto Et commissa est administratio ete cuidam Thome Wheler uni executorum in dicto testamento nominatorum reservata potestate administrandi uni alii executori per commissionem directam quibusdam c¢ (i.e., commissariis) magistris Willelmo Tholime & Willelmo Dunham ac Ricardo Wyllesden notariis publicis administrationem hujusmodi Et habent quindenam trinitatis ad exhibendum inventorium plene & plane sine ulteriori dilatione Et subsequenter videlicet vicesimo septimo die mensis Augusti Anno domini millessimo cecc™ sexto dictis commissariis acquietantur executores supradicti in forma, etc. _ Having thus produced the will in the original latin, I will next give a literal translation of the same in English :— TRANSLATION. In the name of God, Amen. On Friday the vigil of the Purification of the blessed Virgin Mary, in the year of the Lord the 1408", I John Barbor Brasier citizen of the city of New Sarum with due meditation con- sidering that the feeble condition of human nature placed in this valley of misery is subject to so many and so great dangers and troubles especially Since nothing is more certain than death and nothing more uncertain, whatever ne wills or nills, it becomes everyone to enter upon its paths wishing now to vide beforehand as far as is conceded by the Supreme Arranger of all things, unwilling also to leave undisposed of my goods now conferred upon me by God, I order my testament concerning my goods to His honour and praise and arrange it in this wise—First indeed I give and commend my soul _ to the Most High my Creator who redeemed it on the cross with his precious blood and to the glorious virgin Mary his mother and all his saints that they _ may deign to receive the same into everlasting bliss when it shall have 554 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. departed from this light, by whose merits and prayers I firmly believe that my demerits are obliterated in the day of judgment—my body also to the earth and to sacred burial to be buried in the Church of Saint Edmund at Sarum in the north aisle in front of my seat in thesame place. Also I bequeath to the repair of the Cathedral Church of the blessed Mary of Sarum 6s. 8d., or the value of the same. Also to the repair of the Church of Saint Edmund Sarum 20s. Also I bequeath to the Provost of the same for my tythes forgotten and insufficiently rendered 26s. 8d. Also to the repair of the _, Church of Saint Thomas Sarum 6s. 8d., or the value of the same. Also to the repair of Saint Martin Sarum 6s. 8d., or the value of the same. Also to the Sisters of Mercy at Sarum 6s. 8d. Also to the Friars preachers of Fisherton 6s. 8d. Also to the house of the Holy Trinity in New Sarum called almshouse 40s. Also to each godson and goddaughter of mine 12d. Also I will that John Peccham have after my decease two bellows and two hundred weight of new copper vessels under the supervision of my executors. Also I bequeath to John Avena (? Oates) one green coat with fur and eight hundred- weight of new copper vessels. Also I bequeath to Agnes my goddaughter one copper vessel of the price of 6s. 8d. Also I bequeath to Isabella my sister 100s. Also to Alice my servant 20s. and one copper vessel of the price of 5s. Also to Humfrey the Founder such a weight of new copper vessels as attains the price of 10s. Also I bequeath to Richard Peccham two bellows and one copper vessel of the price of 5s. Also I remit to John Palmer the sum of 6s. 8d. of the debt which he owes me. Also I remit to John Fure my tenant 7°. 64. of the debt which he owes me Also I bequeath to Thomas Durynton one copper vessel of the price of 4s. Also I bequeath to Richard Staggard Webbe (i.e. weaver) one copper vessel of the price of 4s. Also I bequeath to William Gyldyng one copper vessel of the price of 5s. Also I bequeath to Peter Brasier all my instruments and all measures belonging to my craft. Also I remit to John Gosselyn £4 11s., which he oweth to me if it shall happen to me to depart from this light. Also I bequeath to Thomas Wheoler 26s. 8d. Also to Thomas Tanner 13s. 4d. Also I bequeath to Peter Brasier my best coat. Also I bequeath to the aforesaid Thomas Tanner my second best coat. Also I bequeath to Master John Jakes the chaplain, 6s. 8d. to pray for my soul. Also I bequeath to each collegiate chaplain in the Church of Saint Edmund Sarum 20d. Also to each other chaplain in the same Church 12d. to pray for my soul. Also to the deacon at the same place 8d. Also to the sacristan at the same place 6d. Also to the brotherhood of the light of the southern cross in the Church of the Blessed Mary at Sarum 12d. Also to the brotherhood of the light of the northern cross in the Church of Saint Edmund aforesaid 12d. Also I bequeath to the repair of the parish Church of Alwardbury (7.e., Alderbury) 40d. and one copper vessel of the price of 5s. Also I will that one suitable chaplain to be selected by my executors celebrate during 4 years next ensuing after my decease in the Church of Saint Edmund Sarum aforesaid in which my body lies buried for my soul, the souls of fathers, mothers, relations, friends, and moreover all the faithful departed. Also I bequeath to William Sybier one copper vessel of the price of 4s. Also I bequeath to the reparation and mending of the road below Claryndon which leads towards Alwardbury 20s. © Also I will that CLE oy Bw Or = ed SEE Gee meine By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. oe my-executors distribute for the salvation of my soul amongst the poor in the city of New Sarum on the day of my burial 100s. Also I bequeath to John Swift my best belt mounted with silver. Also to Martius (? Martin) Iron- monger a small baslard mounted with silver. Also I bequeath to Adam Caly one new vessel of the price of 5s. Also I farther bequeath to each poor bedridden person in the City of Sarum 2d. to pray for my soul. Also I bequeath to John Palmer, junior, one copper vessel of the price of 6s. 8d. Also I further bequeath to William Spicer, the chaplain, 40d., to pray for my soul. Also TP betiieath to each chaplain in the Church of Saint Thomas, Sarum, 6d. to pray for my soul. Also to each chaplain of the Church of Saint Martin 4d. to pray for my soul. Also I bequeath to the aforesaid person Webbe (2.e., Weaver), one copper vessel of the price of 6s. Also to the repair of the Church of Saint Thomas of Winchester 20s. Also I will that my executors below named dispose for me and in my name and in my place together with John Swift, Ironmonger, of the goods and legacies of the will of Thomas Sexteyn, to whom the aforesaid John Swift and I are executors as fully and completely as I should provide if I were present in life in exoneration of my soul. Also I will and ordain that the whole of that messuage of mine with the appurtenances situated in the City of New Sarum in Winchester Street between the tenement of Thomas Knoell on the northern side and the roadway of Melmonger Street on the western side be sold by my executors immediately after the death of Alice my wife and that the money thence received be distributed and disposed for my soul and the aforesaid souls in giving alms and performing other works of charity. The residue truly of my goods not above bequeathed, my debts and legacies being dis- charged, I bequeath one half to Alice my wife the other half truly of the aforesaid goods I bequeath to my executors to dispose for the salvation of my soul and of the aforesaid souls as to the same executors shall seem to profitthose souls better and more safely. And to fulfil well and faithfully the execution of this my will I appoint make and constitute as executors Peter Brasier and Thomas Wheoler and I appoint John Swift overseer of the same. And I further will that there+e distributed by my executors above named out of the money received arising from the sale of the aforesaid messuage to the bed- ridden poor and needy in the free City of Sarum 50 pairs of blankets where it shall seem to the same executors most suitable and necessary to give relief and to profit my soul. And that there be distributed by the aforesaid executors to the poor and needy wandering along the road below the aforesaid city 60 pairs of shoes. And I will that after the decease of Alice my wife _ they pay to the construction of the new chapel of the Church of Saint Edmund, Sarum 40s. from the sale of the aforesaid tenement if in the meantime it _ shall happen that the same chapel is constructed anew but if otherwise I will _ that my aforesaid executors distribute the aforesaid 40s. for the salvation of -mysoul. This testament was proved before us John Perche, commissioner, ete., on the 2nd of the Ides of May in the year of the Lord the 1404th and administration etc., was committed to one Thomas Wheler one of the executors named in the said testament, power of administering being reserved to one other executor by commission addressed to certain commissioners Masters William Tholime, William Dunham, and Richard Willesden notaries 356 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. public, administration to this effect. And they have to the 15th day of Trinity to exhibit an inventory fully and clearly without further delay. And subsequently, to wit, on the 27th day of the month of August in the year of the Lord 1406 the aforesaid executors are acquitted by the said commissioners in form, etc. ; NOTES ON THE WILL. 1. It will be found that the will was made on the day which we should now call Feb. 1st, 1404. Death must have ensued soon afterwards, since the will was proved on the 14th of May following. Easter Day in that year fell on March 30th, so that Trinity Sunday would have fallen on May 25th, and the 15th day of Trinity would probably mean Sunday, June the 8th. The executors are stated to have obtained an acquittance from the commissioners rather more than two years Jater, so that apparently executors were then obliged to bring in an account to a public official—a very meritorious practice. We also notice that the will contains an appointment of an overseer, the intention being to appoint a friend to supervise the accounts and proceedings of the executors, a very useful step to take, especially when the will contained a number of charitable dispositions. 2. Inthe translation I have preferred the reading a Deo for adeo, because it makes better sense. It is true that adeo is found in this connection in other wills, but the original expression was probably a Deo. 3. It will be seen that the will directs the sale of a house in the City of Salisbury. It appears, therefore, that a custom existed in that city allowing lands and tenements to be devised by will. Our law books tell us that the feudal system did not permit lands to be devised at all, but that there were some exceptions to this rule. Notably an exception occurred in the case of land in the City of London ; and we further read in Lyttleton’s Tenures, s. 167 : *‘ Also in some boroughs by the custom, a man may devise by his testament his lands and tenements which he hath in fee simple within the same borough at the time of his death, etc.” 4, The direction given by John Barbor that his body should By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 357 be buried in the Church of St. Edmund in front of his seat shows that seats in Church were appropriated in the early days in which he lived. 5 A baslard was a weapon resembling a dagger. A perusal of the will of John Barbor certainly leaves an im- pression on thé reader that he had no children, since none are mentioned; and we cannot imagine that a man of his religious feeling, so thoughtful for his wife, sister, god-children, dependants, and acquaintances, and so charitable to spiritual persons and the poor, would have ignored his children, if he had any. Strange to say this impression would be erroneous. We learn from the will of his wife that he had two sons, named Peter and John, both of whom stood well in her affections; and it occurs to us that the Peter Brasier mentioned in John Barbor’s will, the legatee of his trade utensils and best coat, and one of his executors, was probably his own son Peter. It is impossible, however, to identify his son John — with any of the legatees mentioned in his will; and the omission of this son’s name from his will must remain a mystery. The will of Alice Barbor is preserved at Somerset House, being dated the 5th of January, 1407 (7c. 1408 new style), and proved on the 22nd of September, 1408. There is yet one other document preserved which throws a little light on John Barbor’s affairs. We find at Somerset House a short will of Richard Braszoter, of Shaston, ae. Shaftesbury, in Latin, dated the 14th of March, 1449, z.e., 1450 new style, and proved on the 30th of March in the same year. He gives to the Cathedral . Church of Sarum xxd., to the Church of St. Peter, Shaftesbury, iis., to Alice, his daughter, xxs., to Joan, his daughter, xxs., to John Barbor, of Shaftesbury, xs., the rest of his goods to Alice, his wife, and John Barbor of Shaftesbury, to dispose for the good of his soul, and appoints them to be his executors; and John Barbor proved the will. It is a plausible conjecture that John Barbor, who was thus connected with a brasier at Shaftesbury in 1450, was John, the son of John Barbor, the brasier of Salisbury, who died in 1404. 358 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Braster. The will of Alice Barbor is sufficiently interesting to justify our setting it out verbatim, and adding a full translation of it. It is preserved at Somerset House, in the same register book which contains John Barbor’s will, namely, that called Marche, and begins on p. 131 verso, It runs as follows :-— In Dei nomine Amen. Quinto die mensis Januarii anno domini millesimo ecce™ septimo Ego Alicia nuper uxor Johannis Barbor brasier sane memorie et compos mentis meum condo testamentum in hune modum. Imprimis lego animam meam deo omnipotenti creatori meo et corpus meum terre ad sepeliendum in ecclesia sancti Edmundi Sarum juxta tumulum predicti Johannis mariti mei Item lego fabrice ecclesie Cathedralis beate Marie Sarum iii’. iiiit, Item lego fabrice ecclesie sancti Edmundi Sarnm xx*. Item summo altari dicte ecclesie pro decimis meis oblitis iii. iiiit. Item capellano parochiali dicte ecclesie sancti Edmundi ii’. Item lego cuilibet collegiato ibidem vit. Item diacono ibidem vit. Item sacriste ibidem iiii*, Item cuilibet alio' capellano ejusdem ecclesie vit. Item lego fabrice ecclesie sancti Martini Sarum vi’. viiit. Item lego fabrice ecclesie sancti Thome Sarum ii*. Item fratribus minoribus Sarum vi*. viii’, Item fratribus predicatoribus Sarum vi’. viii4, Item domui sancte Trinitatis Sarum xii‘. Item fabrice ecclesie sancti Johannis de Alwardbury unam ollam eneam precii vi‘. viii®. Item lego Petro filio meo xv*. unam zonam argento apparatam et unum sigillum argenteum Item lego Cristine uxori dicti Petri annulum meum auri de Parys Item lego Johanni filio meo xl‘. et quintum annulum meum aureum et zonam viridem argento apparatam cum campanis Item lego Agneti uxori dicti Johannis filii mei unum annulum aureum planum Item lego Johanni Packham unum alium annulum aureum Item Cristine uxori Johannis Pope meum quartum annulum aureum Item lego Matilde uxori Ade White iii’. iiiit, Item Johanne filie Johannis Pope unum nobile vel unum nobitatum et iii*. iiii4, vel valorem Item lego Alicie Pipardys: filiole mee vi®, viiit. Item cuilibet aliis de filiolis meis xii*. Item lego Alicie filie predicti Petri vit. viii. Item Thome Tonner unam patellam precii iis. vel ii*, Item Ricardo Stagard unam patellam precii ii’. vel ii. Item Thome Durynton ii*. vel unam patellam precii ii*. Item lego Johanni Frye Ricardo Spyndeler et Johanni Palmare seniori cuilibet eorum ii’. vel unam patellam precii ii*, Item Thome Farneborgbh iii‘. iiii*. Item Thome servienti suo xii’. Item lego Wilhelmo Symere Edo Vyrledannd et Edmundo Pynkebrygg cuilibet eorum iif. vel patellam precii ii’. Item lego Thome Wheler vi*. viiit. Item lego Ade Doly et Johanni Palmere utrique eorum ii’. vel patellam preciiii*. Item lego predicto Johanni Packham xx*. Item Alicie servienti mee vi’. viii4. Item Johanni Avene servienti meo x*. vel catalla precii x*. Item Johanni Josselyn xv’. Item lego Cristine uxori dicti Petri filii mei meum Gite cum capucio et furura. Item lego Agneti uxori dicti Johannis filii mei meam togam de medle cum furura de grey. Item Agneti uxori Wilhelmi Reynolds xl¢. Item Roberto Milton vit. Item Johanne Popes togam sangwyn cum furura. Item lego Agneti Whithode et Wilhelmo Preston utrique eorum ii’. 1 alio is a mistake for alii in the original. A aan ae ee es ee ee By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 359 vel patellam precii ii’. Item lego Wilhelmo Vygon xii. Item remitto Johanni Gosselyn totum debitum quod michi debet. Item lego servienti Wilhelmo commemorati cum dicto Johanne filio meo xv“. Item lego predicto Petro filio meo sex cochlearia argentea. Item dicto Johanni filio meo sex cochlearia. Item lego ad emendationem vie subtus Charyngdon ex opposito Sharpegore vi’. viiit. Item do et lego predicto Petro filio meo totum illud capitale tenementum meum in quo inhabito cum una porta et via dicto tene- mento capitali adjacentibus ex parte occidentali simul cum tota vacua placea terre et omnibus aliis domibus vocatis ‘‘ workhouses ” cum toto gardino retro adjacente quod quidem capitale tenementum cum dictis porta et via simul cum tota predicta vacua placea terre cum domibus et gardino retro adjacent- ibus situm est in civitate Nove Sarum in Wynchestrestret intra tenementum Thome Knoel quod Ada White modo tenet ex parte orientali et aliud tene- mentum meum de novo constructum et partem gardini dicti Thome Knoel ex parte occidentali habendum et tenendum totum predictum capitale tene- mentum cum predictis porta et via una cum tota vacua placea terre cum domibus et gardino plenarie ut predictum est prefato Petro filio meo heredibus et assignatis suis de capitali domino civitatis predicte per servicia inde debita et de more consueta in perpetuum Reddendo inde annuatim predicto Johanni filio meo heredibus et assignatis suis in perpetuum v°. argenti ad quatuor anni terminos principales equis portionibus Et si predictus redditus a retro fuerit in parte vel in toto per quindecim dies post aliquem terminum princi- palem quod bene licebit predicto Johanni filio meo heredibus et assignatis suis totum predictum capitale tenementum cum omnibus suis pertinentiis ingredi et distringere et districtiones penes se retinere quousque de predicto redditu et ejusdem arreragiis plenarie fuerit satisfactum. Item do et lego predicto Johanni filio meo unum aliud tenementum de novo constructum cum solario edificato supra portam dicto Petro filio meo superius legatam quod quidem tenementum cum solario situm est in civitate predicta in Wynchestre- stret intra portam et viam predicti capitalis tenementi ex parte orientali et gardinum predicti Thome Knoel ex parte occidentali et continet in longitudine per occidentem a dicto vico usque ad’ dictam vacuam placeam terre sexaginta et quinque pedes regulares et dimidium et continet in longitudine per orient: alem partem'sexaginta et tres pedes regulares et dimidium et in latitudine retro viginti quinque pedes regulares et dimidium habendum et tenendum predictum tenementum cum solario ut predictum est cum _pertinentiis predicto Johanni filio meo heredibus et assignatis suis in perpetuum de capitali domino civitatis predicte per servicia inde debita et consueta quod quidem tenementum cum solario simul toto predicto capitali tenemento cum omnibus suis pertinentiis plenarie ut predictum est predictus Johannes Barbor brasier maritus meus et ego nuper habuimus conjunctim ex dono et concessione Cristine Dowdyng prout in una carta inde nobis confecta plenius apparet Item volo quod predictus Petrus filius meus teneat obitum predicti Johannis Barbor et mei in ecclesia sancti Edmundi Sarum per Xvi annos proxime sequentes post decessum meum Item lego Johanni Pope seniori xxvi’. viii‘, in conditione ut capiat administrationem istius testamenti mei Residuum vero omnium bonorum prius non legatorum debitis meis et legatis plenarie solutis lego predictis Petro et Johanni filiis 360 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. meis ut ipsi inde inveniant unum capellanum ydoneum ad celebrandum pro anima mea per unum annum integrum infra (sic) dictam ecclesiam sancti Edmundi si de residuo tantum sufficiat Et de residuo quicquid superfuerit de remanenti volo quod predictus Petrus et Johannes filii mei illud habeant et libere disponant Et ad executionem istius testamenti mei in omnibus fideliter implendam meos ordino facio et constituo executores viz predictum Johannem filium meum et predictum Johannem Pope hiis testibus Johanne Watten Ade Whyte Thora Tonner Ade Doly et aliis Item lego ad distribuendum inter pauperes die sepulture mee iiii', iii’. iiii4, viz cuilibet pauperi obolum et hec est mea ultima voluntas testante tunc capellano parochiali ecclesie sancti Edmundi Sarum. Probatum fuit hoe testamentum coram magistro J. Perche commisario ete xx die mensis Septembris Anno domini m° ccec?® viii. Et commissa est ad- ministratio omnium bonorum dicte defuncte cuidam Johanni filio dicte defuncte executori in dicto testamento nominato reservata etc ac subsequenter viz xv die mensis Octobris Anno domini quo supra prefato commissarius acquietavit prefatos executores in forma, etc., etc. TRANSLATION. In the name of God, Amen. On the 5th day of the month of January in the year of the Lord the 1407th I Alice, lately the wife of John Barbor brasier of clear memory and sound in mind compose my will as follows :— First I bequeath my soul to Almighty God my Creator and my body to the earth to be buried in the Church of St. Edmund, Sarum near the tomb of the aforesaid John my husband Also I bequeath to the repair of the Cathe- dral Church of the blessed Mary at Sarum 3°. 44. Also I bequeath to the repair of the Church of St. Edmund Sarum 20°. Also to the high altar of the said Church for my tithes forgotten 3°. 4%, Also to the parish chaplain of the said Church of St. Edmund 2%. Also I bequeath to each collegiate (chaplain) at the same place 6%. Also to the deacon at the same place 6°, Also to the sacristan at the same place 4%. Also to each other chaplain of the same Church 6°. Also I bequeath to the repair of the Church of St. Martin Sarum 6°. 8°, Also I bequeath to the repair of the Church of St. Thomas, Sarum 2%. Also to the friars minor at Sarum 6*. 8°. Also to the friars preachers at Sarum 6.8%. Also to the house of Holy Trinity Sarum 12%. Also to the repair of the Church of St. John of Alwardbury one copper vessel of the price of 6%. 84. Also I bequeath to Peter my son 15°. one belt mounted with silver and one silver seal. Also I bequeath to Cristina wife of the said Peter my ring of gold of Paris. Also I bequeath to John my son, 40°. and my fifth gold ring and green belt mounted with silver with bells. Also I bequeath to Agnes wife of the said John my son one plain gold ring Also I bequeath to John Packham one other gold ring. Also to Cristina, wife of John Pope my fourth gold ring. Also I bequeath to Matilda wife of Adam White 3°. 44. Also to Johanna (or Joan) daughter of John Pope one noble or one nobilatum and 3°. 44. or their value. Also I bequeath to Alice Pipardys my goddaughter 6°. 84. Also to each of my other godchildren 12°. Also I bequeath to Alice daughter of the aforesaid Peter 6°. 84. Also to Thomas Tonner one bowl of the price of 2". or 2°. Also to Richard Stagard By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 361 one bow] of the price of 2%. or 2. Also to Thomas Durynton 2°. or one bowl of the price of 2°, Also I bequeath to John Fry Richard Spindler and John Palmar the elder to each of them 2°. or one bow! of the price of 2". Also I bequeath to Thomas Farnborough 3*. 44. Also to Thomas my servant 122- Also I bequeath to William Symer Ed. Vyrledand and Edmund Pinkbrig to each of them 2°. or a bowl of the price of 2°. Also I bequeath to Thomas Wheler 6°. 84. Also I bequeath to Adam Doly and John Palmer to each of them 2*. or a bowl of the price of 25. Also I bequeath to the aforesaid John Packham 20%. Also to Alice my servant 6°. 8%. Also to John Avena (Oates) my servant 10°. or chattels of the price of 10°. Also to John Gosselyn 15%. Also I bequeath to Cristina wife of the said Peter my son my Gite (?.e., dress) with a hood and fur. Also I bequeath to Agnes wife of the said John my son my cloak of medley (7.e., mixed colours) with grey fur. Also to Agnes wife of William Reynolds 40°. Also to Robert Milton 64. Also to Johanna Popes my crimson cloak with fur. Also I bequeath to Agnes Whithode and William Preston to each of them 2*. or a bowl of the price of 2%. Also I be- queath to William Vygon 12%. Also I remit to John Gosselin the whole of the debt which he owes me. Also I bequeath to the servant William living with the said John my son 15. Also I bequeath to the aforesaid Peter my son 6 silver spoons. Also to thesaid John my son 6 spoons. Also I bequeath to the mending of the road below Charingdon opposite Sharpegore 6°. 8%. Also I give and bequeath to the aforesaid Peter my son all that capital tenement of mine in which I dwell with a gate and roadway adjacent to the said capital tenement on the western side together with all the vacant piece of land and all the other houses called workhouses (?.e., workshops) with all the garden adjacent at the back which same capital tenement with the said gate and roadway together with all the aforesaid vacant piece of land with the houses and garden lying behind is situated in the City of New Sarum in Winchester Street between the tenement of Thomas Knoel which Adam White of late holds on the eastern side and another tenement of mine newly built and part of the garden of the said Thomas Knoel on the western side To have “and to hold All the aforesaid capital tenement with the aforesaid gate and roadway together with all the vacant piece of land with the houses and garden fully as is aforesaid to the before-named Peter my son his heirs and assigns of the chief lord of the aforesaid city by the services therfor due and of right accustomed for ever Rendering thence yearly to the aforesaid John my son his heirs and assigns for ever 5°. of silver at the four principal quarter days of _ the year by equal portions. And if the aforesaid rent shall be in arrear in part or in whole for 15 days after any principal quarter day that it shall be quite _ lawful for the aforesaid John my son his heirs and assigns to enter upon all the foresaid capital tenement with all its appurtenances and to distrain and to retain the distresses in hand until satisfaction shall be fully made concerning the aforesaid rent and the arrears of the same. Also I give and bequeath to the aforesaid John my son one other tenement newly constructed with a garret built over the gate above bequeathed to the said Peter my son which same tenement with a garret is situated in the aforesaid City in Winchester Street between the gate and roadway of the aforesaid capital tenement on the eastern side and the garden of the aforesaid Thomas Knoel on the western side and 362 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. contains in length along the west from the said street to the said vacant piece of land 65 standard feet and a half and contains in length along the eastern side 63 standard feet and a half and in breadth behind 25 standard feet and a half To have and to hold the aforesaid tenement with the garret as is aforesaid with its appurtenances to the aforesaid John my son his heirs and assigns for ever of the chief lord of the aforesaid city by the services therefor due and accustomed. Which same tenement with the garret together with all the aforesaid capital tenement with all their appurtenances fully as is aforesaid the aforesaid John Barbor brasier my husband and I lately had jointly of the gift and concession of Cristina Dowding as in a writing therefor made for us more fully appears. Also I will that the aforesaid Peter my son hold the obit of the aforesaid John Barbor and me in the Church of St. Edmund Sarum during sixteen years next following after my death. AlsolI bequeath to John Pope the elder 26°. 8°. on condition that he undertakes the administration of this my will. The Residue truly of all my goods not above bequeathed my debts and legacies being fully discharged I bequeath to the aforesaid Peter and John my sons that they may therewith find a suitable chaplain to celebrate for my soul during a whole year under the said Church of St. Edmund if of the residue so much suffice. And whatever shall be left of the residue concerning the remainder I will that the aforesaid Peter and John my sons have it and freely dispose of it. And for the execution of this my will to be faithfully fulfilled in all things I ordain, make and appoint my executors viz., the aforesaid John my son and the aforesaid John Pope these being witnesses John Watten, Adam White, Thomas Tonner, Adam Doly and others. Also I bequeath to be distributed among the poor on the day of my burial £4 385, 4%., viz., to each poor person a half-penny, and this is my last will the then parish chaplain of the Church of St. Edmund Sarum attesting it. This will was proved before Master John Perche commissary, etc., on the 20th day of the month of September in the year of the Lord the 1408th. And the administration of all the goods of the said defunct was committed to a certain John son of the said defunct named executor in the said will, reserving etc., and subsequently, viz., on the 15th day of the month'October in the year of the Lord above aforesaid the commissioner released the aforesaid executors in form, etc. Several points in this will call for comment. Solarium was the name for an upper room. As only one such room is mentioned as existing over the gateway, the house devised to the son John probably contained only one storey over the ground floor. Richard Staggard, mentioned by Alice Barbor, is doubtless the same person as Richard Staggard Webbe mentioned in her husband’s will, and referred to again as the aforesaid person Webbe—Webbe means weaver... By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 363 A noble was a gold coin worth 6s. 8d. We learn from this will that it was also called a nobilatum. It will be seen that the sum which Alice Barbor directs to be distributed at her funeral amounts to 1000 pence: and as she adds that one half-penny is to be given to each poor person, she must have estimated that there would be two thousand applicants. This seems to be rather a large crowd for Salisbury to have pro- duced five hundred years ago. The descriptions contained in the two wills enable us to form a tolerably clear idea of the properties in question. Melmonger Street evidently ran north and south and Winchester Street east and west. At the junction stood the house devised by John Barbor, facing southwards in Winchester Street, and having a return frontage on Melmonger Street towards the west. Winchester Street still exists: while Melmonger Street is now known as Green Croft Street, and the continuation of it to the south was formerly called Bell-founders Street, and is now known as Guilder’s Lane and Culver Street. The house devised by John Barbor was evidently not required for his business, and was probably let at his death to John Fure, the tenant mentioned in John Barbor’s will. We may presume that it was settled in such a way that _ Alice Barbor took the rent of it during her life and that subject thereto it was at John Barbor’s disposal. | North of John Barbor’s corner house stood T. Knoel’s house in Melmonger Street, with a garden behind it running down to Winchester Street, and bounding the corner house on the eastern side. To the east of this garden in Winchester Street stood the ‘newly-constructed house devised to John Barbor, the son. The depth of this property is given as 654 feet, on the side of T. Knoel’s garden, and 63} feet on the other side, with a width of 253 feet at the back against vacant land. The frontage on Winchester Street 7: therefore probably about 25 feet. The feet are called pedes . regulares, which doubtless means standard feet. To the east of the newly-constructed house came the gateway devised to Peter Barbor with a room over it devised to John the son together with the house to the westward. On the eastern side of the gateway VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. ek 364 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. stood the capital tenement devised to Peter Barbor. This probably consisted of a shop opening into Winchester Street with dwelling- rooms over it. Beneath the gateway was a roadway leading to vacant land, workhouses, and a garden. The workhouses probably stood at the back of the shop with some open ground near them, extending also in rear of the newly-constructed house, while the garden stretched along the back of both properties behind the vacant ground, from the garden of T. Knoel on the western side to that of his tenant Adam called White, who occupied the next house in Winchester Street on the eastern side, and was a man with a wife named Matilda. A local investigator would doubtless be able to identify the spot, and it is not unlikely that some of the features, which existed five hundred years ago, may be found to be still recognizable. The prices and other sums of money named in these wills give rise to certain questions. The sums are expressed in li. s. and d., for libre, solidi, and denarii, meaning pounds, shillings, and pence, but no such coins as pounds or shillings then existed. The coins in use at the time seem to have been eight in number, namely, three gold coins :— (1) A noble, worth 6s. 8d. or 80 pence. (2) A mark or half-noble, worth 3s. 4d., or 40 pence. (3) A quarter noble, worth 20 pence. And five silver coins, namely :— (1) A groat, worth 4 pence. (2) A half-groat, worth 2 pence. (3) A penny. (4) A half-penny, represented by ob. for obolus, in old latin documents. (5) A farthing represented by qr., for quadrans. But the noble contained just about as much gold as a modern sovereign, so that the intrinsic value of the coins was three times as great as that of coins of the same denomination now. Moreover their purchasing power was about twenty times as great. John Barbor’s copper vessels priced at 4s., 5s., and 6s. 8d., By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 365 represent intrinsically the equivalent of about 12s., 15s., and £1 of our present money; and very fair copper saucepans can be obtained for those prices now. The value of copper would seem to have varied somewhat in the same proportion in which the values of gold and silver have varied. On this subject we may quote from a recognized authority. Professor Thorold Rogers, in his work on prices, speaking of copper and its compounds in the fourteenth century, says (1., 602) :— ‘Their use was chiefly that of domestic utensils. Every farmhouse of any importance had one or two brass or copper pots, a jug and basin of the same material, used apparently for washing hands, and a few dishes, the last being generally of more slender construction.” He adds that the general price of pots was about 1s. 54d. per gallon of their capacity: and mentions that in 1363 a 4-gallon pot was bought at 1s. 3d. per gallon, a posnet, holding one gallon, at 1s. 8d., and two patellz, holding three gallons, and one gallon, at 6d. and 4d. respectively: and in 1348 a 4-gallon pot, weighing 23lbs., cost 4s. 6d. Alice Barbor’s patelle were evidently more substantial articles than those thus purchased in 1363; though it is not clear whether they were bowls or dishes, nor of what material they were made. [ will finally give an account of the bells attributable to John _Barbor, and mention that in this part of my paper I have received — most material assistance from my friend Mr. H. B. Walters, who is the chief authority on the bells of the West of England. First among John Barbor’s bells we ought to mention that at Chitterne, in Wiltshire, which bears his name. The inscription may be represented as follows :— +JHON OBAR:BVROMEO MADE the letters are all Gothic majuscules and each letter is surmounted byacrown. The letters and stops are placed at intervals varying is from about one to two inches. The initial cross has four laige fleurs de lys in saltire and four small ones at the extremities of a slender vertical cross. The circular stop has six double segments wutining round it with six similar spokes, a figure easily described 2A 2 366 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. with a pair of compasses, and trefoil ornaments in the intervals between the spokes. The stop in the middle of the word BARBUR has two columns of four dots each, all of ornamental shape, with intervening dots and fine lines, the whole surmounted by a crown. These may be called the Chitterne cross, Chitterne wheel, and Chitterne colon respectively. In Ellacombe’s Church Bells of Somerset fig. 66 is intended for this Chitterne cross, but it is not well executed, and fig. 67 is the Chitterne wheel : and inEllacombe’s Church Bells of Gloucestershire fig. 38 is a representation of the Chitterne wheel, and fig. 99 is really the Chitterne cross, set with the large fleurs de lys vertical, and the small ones in saltire. More correct representations of the stamps on the Chitterne bells have been prepared for this paper, and are shown on the plate which accompanies it. We will next mention the 2nd bell at Farley Chamberlayne, in Hampshire, the inscription of which may be represented as follows: SIN? -:HO: :NO+ :RE? TRI: NTs DAS The cross and colon, and the letters N H O RE A are the same as on the Chitterne bell, and the other letters are of the same character, and all the letters are crowned. The letters of each syllable with the stops enclosing them are contiguous, but there are considerable spaces between the syllables. Farley Chamber- _ layne is not very far from Salisbury. The 3rd bell at Odstock, in Wiltshire, very much resembles this, being inscribed :— xO aN O: RE: MAS Kel sae with the same letters and the same cross and colon, and the same crowns over the letters and colon. And so does the 2nd bell at Caundle Stourton, in Dorsetshire, described on p. 103 and illustrated by fig. 81 in Canon Raven’s Church Bells of Dorsetshire, bearing :— + IN: HO:NO: RE: SANOC:TA:MA: Eta The cross, letters, and colon are clearly of the Chitterne type. — We find also the 5th bell at Little Bredy in the same book, described on p. 47 and illustrated with fig. 43, bearing :— MY 0 as er 3 ee bess, 04 ‘Fms,a & oe 64 40° 0 oO A af STAMPS USED BY JOHN BARBOR cir. 1400. FROM THE CHITTERNE BELL. By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 367 the letters, cross, and colon being all of the Chitterne type ; and the 4th at East Morden, described on p. 116 with a reference to fig. 43 for the cross and colon, bearing :— + SAVNC: TVS: PE: TRA andacoin; and the 3rd at Yetminster, on p. 101 of the same book, with another reference to fig. 43 for letters, cross, and colon, bearing :— +0:RA:MEN:TE:PI:A:PRO:NO:BIS: VIR:GO:MA:RI:A It will be seen that the position and style of the bells above- mentioned are such that they may with reasonable probability be ascribed to John Barbor, the founder of the Chitterne Bell. Jobn Barbor’s letters and some of his stamps are also found on other bells, but it is not easy to decide on the origin of all such bells, because it is clear that some of his stamps were used after his death at Bristol, Worcester, and London. The Chitterne wheel occurs on a bell at Stoke Gifford, in Gloucestershire, and on another at Dowlish Wake, in Somerset, which can be attributed to one Thomas Geoffreys, who carried on business as a bellfounder at Bristol during the reign of Henry VIII. He was Sheriff of Bristol in 1525; and his will is preserved at Somerset House, dated November 20th, 1545, and proved July 10th, 1546. About forty bells have been found near Worcester inscribed with the Chitterne letters, with the initials only crowned, and the Chitterne cross, and may fairly be attributed to a Worcester foundry in the middle of the 15th century, the lateness of their date being shown by the fact that the stamps are somewhat worn. At the close of that century the same letters are found in company with Gothic minuscules (alias black letter) on some bells in Essex and Northants, and Lillington in Warwickshire, which can be attributed to one Thomas Harris, of London. Furthermore a number of bells are found in Somersetshire and other parts readily accessible from Bristol inscribed in crowned letters, and with a cross and crowned colon so closely resembling John Barbor’s that they may easily be mistaken for them. As these are found inter alia on the 2nd bell at Cheriton, in South Pembrokeshire, we will call them for convenience theCheriton cross 368 John Barbor, of Salisbury, Brasier. colon, and letters. The cross is fig. 32 in Ellacombe’s Church Bells of Somerset, fig. 21 in his plates of Devon, and fig. 58 on p. 514 of his Devon book. The Cheriton colon is fig. 60 in Devon, p. 514, fig. 48 in Somerset, and fig. 15 in his Church Bells of Gloucestershire. The letters O, T, A, L, of the Cheriton alphabet are figs. 46, 47, 49, and 50, in Somerset, and figs. 16, 17, 18, and 19 in Gloucester. The letter O is also fig. 30 in the plates of Devon and fig. 59 on p. 514 of that book. Mr. Ellacombe gives these letters and colon as occurring in Gloucestershire on the 2nd bell at Sapperton, and the 2nd at Stanley St. Leonards; but really these bells have the Chitterne lettering and colon. At Alwington, Devon, the Cheriton alphabet occurs in conjunc- tion with a cross, fig. 19 of Ellacombe’s Church Bells of Devonshire, and fig. 59 of his Church Bells of Gloucestershire. This cross was certainly used by one or more founders who resided at Bristol. Altogether there are good grounds for referring the group of bells which we are now considering to some founder or founders who re- sided at Bristol, and for placing their date a little later than the time of John Barbor. Now there is preserved in the Council House at Bristol the will of one John Gosselyn, who is described as burgess and belleter, the date of the probate being May, 1450. Belleter, belleuter, bellyeter, and bellzeter, are all equivalents of bell-founder ; indeed Billiter Street, in the City of London, derives its name from the fact that it was the habitat of the London bell-founders in the 15th century. We also observe that a John Gosselyn is mentioned in the wills of both John Barbor and Alice, his wife, and was one of the objects of the bounty of each of them. These facts render it probable that John Gosselyn procured a set of stamps to be made in imitation of those used by John Barbor, and used them at Bristol, and that John Barbor’s original stamps went there also, and that the Chitterne wheel remained there, while the others were further transported to Worcester, and thence to London. A temporary employment of John Barbor’s own stamps at Bristol By Amherst D. Tyssen, D.C.L., M.A. 369 appears to be indicated by the existence of two bells in Gloucester- shire inscribed in his lettering. As it is possible that these may be his own workmanship we will give a more detailed account of them. One is the 2nd bell at Sapperton, near Cirencester, inscribed :— + SANCTA:MASGARETA:ORA:PRO NOBIS the letters and colon being of the Chitterne type, and the cross being the Chitterne cross set cornerwise, but the cross is followed by an indistinct merchant's mark. The other is the 2nd bell at Stanley St. Leonards, inscribed :— PeaANCT: LAW NNI: ORA:PRO NOBIS with the Chitterne letters and colon and the cross set cornerwise The letter E is wanting at the end of SANCTE, and the letters R E are absent from the middle of the word LAWRENNI, which ought to have been spelt LAWRENTI. It is possible that more bells by John Barbor exist, for the Church towers of the district capable of being served by him have not been completely explored. Enough has been done, however, to throw a gleam of light on the works of a skilful and successful brasier of the times of Richard II. and Henry IV., and to enable us to realize something of the civic life of the people of Salisbury at that time. In conclusion I have to tender my thanks to my brother cam- - panologist, Mr. H. B. Walters, and to Mr. A R. Malden, F-.S.A., of Salisbury, for help in preparing this paper. The latter tells me _ that he has searched the city books and found that John Barbor contributed £3 6s. 8d. to a royal aid subsidy in the 21st year of Richard IT. (1396-7), but no further trace is found of him. 370 Alotes on the Churches of Aodbourne Cheney, Mydiacd Adillicent, Stapleford, CAplye, GHishford, Steeple Langford, and Aittle AMangtord. By C. E. Pontine, F.S.A. THE CHURCH OF St. Mary, RoDBOURNE CHENEY. Until 1848 this Church consisted of nave and chancel with a central tower between ; a chapel on the south of the centre tower and half of the chancel; either north and south aisles to the nave or north and south transepts and a south aisle only, and a south porch. At the time named the arcade between the nave and south aisle was removed, making the nave the width of the nave and aisle; the central tower was also removed with the exception of the arch opening into the chapel, and the space occupied by it was thrown into the nave, the extended part of which is, there- fore, of the original width. At the same time the north aisle with its arcade was built, a vestry added eastward of it, and a new tower erected at the west end—the latter was first built without pinnacles, and these have since been added with doubtful advan- tage. New roofs were also given to the Church and chapel. Judging from the jambs of the arch which remain, the tower was, like the chancel and south porch, of 13th century work, and it would seem to indicate that a south transept existed before the chapel was erected. The jambs are very low—only 4ft. 3in. high above the present floor, and have a plain chamfer on the angles and abacus. The arch of two orders of chamfers appears to have been altered, and it looks as though it did not fit the jambs. The chancel retains its original 13th century triple lancet east window with detached inner shafts; the moulded jambs on the — —— oe es rr —~—~: q Notes on the Church of Rodbourne Cheney. 371 inside look modern, and other parts have been very much re-faced. The two two-light square-headed windows on the north and one on the south were inserted in the 14th century. In the south wall there is an interesting double piscina, nearly 2ft. wide, with plain arch—the front half of the bowl is missing, the drain remains intact. The south porch is a large one of late 13th century date, measuring 12ft. x 10ft. on the inside; the outer arch has a pointed segment of two orders of cavetto with label dying on to a moulded impost which forms the abacus of the attached angle shafts of the jambs; the outer order of the arch stops on the cap and the inner is carried down. Over this, on the outside, is a trefoil loop window, and, over this again, (of different kind of stone,) a small niche with trefoil head. In each side wall is a single-light window with trefoil head. The inner doorway and roof. are modern. The chapel is of two bays, divided outside by a buttress of two stages, and with diagonal buttresses at the angles; it projects 2ft. din. beyond the south wall of the nave. The walls here, as in the chancel, are without plinths, which occur only at the buttresses, and no parapet remains. The east window is a pointed one of three lights, and in the south wall are two three-light ones with square heads; also a piscina, the arch of which is an earlier one _ of trefoil form, adapted. In the tracery of these windows there _ are bits of 14th century glass which do not occupy their original positions. The work of this chapel is of a good type of early Perpendicular. The two windows in the south wall of the nave are pointed ones of four lights with labels, of late Perpendicular, portions of ‘the coeval glass remain in the tracery—in one window a head a with nimbus; the head of a female; and two estoiles: in the } : ‘other two heads, each with nimbus; two estoiles; parts of an inscription and of fleur-de-lys. Modern diagonal buttresses have been added to the chancel (fortunately without disturbing the original quoins), and to the south-west angle of the nave. The font is also modern. 372 Notes on the Church of Rodbourne Cheney. Built into the modern walls of the tower and north aisle are interesting fragments of old work which I first noticed and reported upon to the Vicar and churchwardens in 1901. The piece in the west wall of the aisle is a fragment 124in. long, and 8in. wide, of a band of double interlaced ornament, carved in a coarse oolite ; the other, in the north wall of the tower, I reported as being the upper half of the head of a cross of about 22in. diameter. It measures 21 x 1linches. It has since been pronounced as probably being the tympanum of a doorhead, but a close study of the design will show that it is only part of a pattern which was continued below the present horizontal line; it apparently had four arms, each with triple foliation on each side, and at the extremity a kind of bud ; the cross thus formed was contained within a double line of border. This is of the same kind of stone, and both are probably of one date —certainly very early Norman at the latest. Mr. Keyser (in “ Norman Tympana,” p. 39) refers to this as a tympanum, and as representing “The Tree of Spiritual Life and Knowledge.” He states that it was formerly over the south doorway. This is on the authority of the writer in the Gentleman’s Mag. in 1833,! who speaks of it as being “on the south door . . . where there are three united branches in allusion to the Trinity.” It would seem probable that the stone had been built in over the doorway, rather than formed part of it—it is too irregular to have been contained within a semicircular arch, even if there were not the evidence of the pattern before referred to. The Church as it stands is of fine and interesting proportions, and the modern work is good for the period; the architect was Mr. Sage, of Swindon, 1848. [The illustrations are from photographs taken from casts made by Mr. A. D. Passmore, of Swindon, who drew attention to these stones independently 1“ An Architectural Antiquary” writes in the Gentleman's Magazine in 1833, part I., p. 895, on “Sculpture as accessory to Architecture,” and in alluding to the superiority as works of imitation of the Norman carving of leaves, over their figures, says of the “‘ intricate mixture of leaves, tendrils, and knotted bands” . . . “they are sometimes emblematical, as on the south door of Rodbourne Church, in Wiltshire, where there are three united branches, in allusion to the Trinity.” HEAD OF CROSS (?) BUILT INTO TOWER OF RODBOURNE CHENEY CHURCH. From a Cast. 21 x 103 in. FRAGMENT OF CROSS SHAFT (?) BUILT INTO WALL OF RODBOURNE CHENEY CHURCH. From a Cast. 124 x 8 in, By C. E Ponting, FS.A. 373 and kindly presented the cast of the semicircular stone to our Museum in 1905. Mr. Keyser, who visited the Church a few years ago, regards this stone as a tympanum as stated above, the Bishop of Bristol, however, agrees I believe, with Mr. Ponting and Mr. Passmore in regarding it as the head of a cross, a contention which its small size would seem to favour.—ED.] THE CHURCH OF ALL SarntTs, LypIARD MILLICENT. The plan consists of chancel with modern vestry on the north, nave with south aisle, south porch, and west tower. On entering this Church attention is at once arrested by the remarkable stone now standing in the porch; this consists of a shaft about 1ft. 6in. long and Gin. in diameter, with bellied cap and a base consisting of a splay with a roll above it; at each end is a dowell hole. This has all the character of Saxon work ;? it Early Shaft at Lydiard Millicent. For the photo from which the accompanying illustration is given, we are indebted to the kindness of Miss K. Wykeham Martin, of Purton, who took it specially for the Magazine. 374 The Church of All Saints, Lydiard Millicent. was probably the baluster mullion of a window of that period, and it is prima facie evidence of a pre-Norman Church. Beyond this and the Norman font there is no evidence of a building earlier than the 14th century, at about the middle of which the aisle and the south porch appear to have been added and the chancel rebuilt soon after (there are no buttresses to either). The present chancel, however, retains only two bays of the one then erected, the eastern bay having been added in recent times; the old part has two two-light square-headed Decorated windows deeply recessed on the outside with priest’s door with semi-circular head between ; a similar old window is built into the extended north wall, and the one opposite is a modern copy. The east window is a 15th century one of three lights, built with the modern wall at a high level. The old gable cross has been preserved, also the trussed rafter roof with moulded horizontal and transverse ribs having carved bosses at the intersections. There is only one window in the south wall of the aisle—a pointed one of three lights with label over, and this has lost its old tooled face. Close under the eaves are four heads built in, which look distinctly earlier—the springer of the east gable has two of these. In each end of the aisle is a three-light pointed window with tracery of reticulated type and label: on the east gable is the original charming gable cross. The south doorway has an ogee arch with label. On the inside the original piscina with ogee arch remains, but is blocked up. The roof has collars and braces without any moulded ribs, but its appearance has been altered by the modern beaded casing under the braces; the cornice is also modern. The porch is a plain one without a window, the outer doorway has a pointed arch of two orders of chamfers, the inner order dying on to the plain surface of the jambs and the outer carried down (a sundial is cut on the east jamb). A plinth is carried around the aisle and porch. The arcade between nave and aisle is coeval with the latter and has three bays of pointed arches of two unequal orders of chamfer dying on to drums on the caps of the pillars and responds, both of which are octagonal with moulded caps and By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 375 bases; there are no labels to the arches. With the exception of the roof of the porch, which has been renewed, little alteration appears to have taken place in the fabric of the aisle and porch since their erection. The north and east walls of the nave appear to have been re- built, and the present roof erected, in the 15th century; the two north windows are pointed ones of three lights with labels, the door (blocked) is a plain one with arch of pointed segmental form ; the three bays are divided by buttresses and there is a diagonal one at the north-west angle. The chancel arch is of two orders of cavetto continued around arch and jambs; a small squint, evidently inserted for the use of persons in the nave, exists southward of it. The nave retains the original roof of the same collar-and-brace form as that of the aisle, but it has moulded transverse ribs dividing the bays and three longitudinal ones with bosses at the intersections—a good deal of modern casing exists here also, and the cornice is new. An interesting feature in the roof is the narrow bay over the rood loft. The evidences of the rood loft and stairs are very pronounced. There are two corbels in the east wall, one on either side of the chancel arch, at the springing level, which supported the back beam of the loft; above these are two on which the rood beam rested. In the north wall the lower blocked up doorway to the stairs can be traced inside and outside—the upper is hidden by a tablet of 1783. The stair turret has been removed on the outside. The tower is coeval with the re-building of the nave wall, the buttresses being identical in type. It is of three stages divided by string-courses on the outside, with deep base and plinth carried round tower and turret and surmounted by a parapet pierced ith five quatrefoils on each side, and crocketted pinnacles at the a mgles ; there is a good gargoyle in the centre of the cornice on ~ each face. At the angles are diagonal buttresses of very thin dimensions carried up to the middle of the upper stage, and the manner in which the two are corbelled out in the west angles of the nave is unusual. The stair turret, square in plan, is on the 376 The Church of S. Mary, Stapleford, Wilts. north side carried up to the middle stage, where it is stopped in a picturesque way; it has an outer doorway dated 1858 as well as the old inside one. The west window of the lower stage is a three- light one with a small doorway under, apparently modern; the archway opening into the nave is of the full width of the tower, the pointed arch has two orders of cavetto, the outer carried down the jambs. The middle stage has single-light windows on west and south only; the belfry stage has two light pointed windows of plain type, without labels. On the top the nicely designed rod and arms of a Renaissance weather vane remain. The font—a Norman one, has circular bowl 2ft. 5in. diameter with arcaded sides, the arches interlacing; the stem is a plain circular one, without base, standing on two steps, the lower one (at any rate) being the moulded one on which it was set up when the aisle was rebuilt in the 14th century. There are fragments of old glass in the tracery of the nave and aisle windows, intermingled with glaring modern work. In the churchyard are the shaft and base of a late-looking cross (the head modern) standing on three steps, the lower of which is a “bench.” The Church is beautifully situated, and the approach to it through the yew-tree “ Lych,” past the cross to the porch, is quite ideal. THe CHurcH oF S. Mary, STAPLEFORD, WILTS. There are many features of unusual interest in this Church, not the least of which is its plan, which is somewhat complicated by the position of the tower. There was originally a Norman Church with nave and (at least) a south aisle, also of course a chancel, although the latter was rebuilt early in the 14th century and no part of the original remains. At about the same time a clerestory was added to the nave, and the south aisle was rebuilt for the full length of the nave. This is widened at its eastern end to form a.chapel roofed transept-wise. Shortly after came the tower which, also in the 14th century, was built against the north wall of the nave, and in about the middle of its length. In the 15th century a short north aisle was added to the part By ©. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 377 of the nave eastward of this and overlapping the chancel 2ft., without any communication between this and the tower, and the western half of the nave was left blank. After this the porch was built, making a second projection from the south aisle, since which no alteration of plan seems to have been made. The interest aroused by the plan is further increased by a study of the separate features—the work of all periods (excepting the top of the tower) is extremely good. The Norman work may be put as shortly after the middle of the 12th century; the south doorway of the aisle which appears not to have been disturbed in the rebuilding of the latter, has a semi- circular opening with arch of two orders, the inner having a bold roll and the outer enriched by the chevron mould. The label has a late form of the nail-head ornament, much re-cut within recent times. This arch springs from jambs with attached shafts, one of which has the original cushion cap, the other has been renewed. The arcade between nave and south aisle is of four bays and strikingly fine. The columns and responds are 3ft. in diameter, built in alternate courses of green stone and Bath oolite ; the bases are moulded and the caps are of the cushion type, varying in design, with square abacus. - The arches are semi-circular of two orders—the inner plain, and the outer of chevron work. There are labels on both sides with nail-head and tooth ornaments on alternate arches. Traces of 13th century decoration in red exist on the soffits of two of thearches. There isa flat buttress of this period projecting from both west and north walls at the north-west angle of the nave; this does not appear to have been disturbed, but the west wall with the part of the north wall westward of the tower has been rebuilt and the west window renewed. The clerestory and the string-course below it are carried through on this part of the north wall as in the part eastward of the tower. The clerestory of the nave is carried well up, giving it lofty proportions ; there are three two-light square-headed windows on the south and two on the north. The walls appear to have had 378 The Church of S. Mary, Stapleford, Wilts. a parapet, for the outer cornice remains on the south side, enriched by interesting little pateree widely spaced. The proportions of the chancel arch are in keeping with those of the nave—it is of two orders of chamfers, the inner supported on moulded corbels, The south aisle is very narrow, the Norman foundations doubt- less having been utilised. There is a two-light window on each side of the doorway, the westward one having a somewhat truncated appearance. The west window is modern. The chapel projects beyond the aisle and retains the original roof, with cornice and plain parapet stepped and carried up the flat-pitched gable, and two good gargoyles; the builder of the chapel wished it to be wider than the easternmost bay of the nave arcade, and he obtained this by setting the arch which spans the aisle beyond the abacus of the pillar, finishing it in a somewhat clumsy manner. The only window in the chapel is a large pointed one of three lights in the south wall and it will be noticed that this has several peculiarities; the tracery is of a reticulated pattern, but it does not fit the arch, and, but for its having been worked on the same stones, the tracery might well be taken as having belonged to another window, and badly adapted to this. The kneelers of the outside label, also, are of different lengths, and the longer one is of a smaller mould than the label itself. This has an inside drop arch ; under the witidow, on the inside, is the low canopy of the founder’s tomb, an ogee arch of two broad flat wave-moulds, without cusps. Eastward of this is a coeval piscina with cusped arch. The outer facing of the walls is of flint and Chilmark stone in bands. The chancel is also of fine proportions; the east end was ap- parently rebuilt in 1869, but the old design has been preserved and much of the stonework re-used. The east window is a four-light pointed one with moulded label on outside; in the south wall is a priest’s door with two-light window on either side of it having moulded inside arches and a bit of original glass in one; the plinth is stepped here, to follow the slope of the ground. In the north of the sanctuary is a two-light window like that on the south, and westward of it a single lancet light. Under the east window on the outside is a By C. EL. Ponting, F.S.A. 379 recess with trefoil arch which may have been an inside aumbry ; while over this window is a sculptured panel with the Calvary group under acanopy. The blank wall, as seen from the outside south of the sanctuary, is explained and more than compensated for by the beautiful series of arches inside, forming triple sedilia on one level, and piscina—the latter having its old corbelled bowl but with new top. The arches are richly moulded and cusped and have bold labels with carved head terminals and finials; three of the finials have been renewed and are not in keeping with the typical 14th century one which remains ; three of the heads have also been renewed and the other re-cut. The tower is of two stages—the lower one (probably a chapel) with a two-light Decorated window in the north wall and an archway, which appears to be a later insertion opening into the nave; there are two buttresses standing square at each outer angle. The top stage has been re-built in debased work; a Decorated window re-set in the north wall, but debased belfry windows, parapet, and pinnacles. The short north aisle eastward of this has a two-light square- headed 15th century window in the east end and a square buttress at north-east angle and plain parapet stepped up to follow the roof (this may have been re-built). The two windows in the north wall are modern. The archway opening into the nave has been much renewed, but the two corbel heads are old, as probably are _ the shafts supporting the inner order. The south porch is of two storeys, although the dividing floor has been removed, and a stair led to the upper room from the aisle. The lower storey has a single-light window in the west wall and a similar one in the east; the doorway has a four-centred arch under a square label with nice returned terminals; over this 3 a small two-light window to light the upper room. There is a one bench against the west wall inside, and on it are cut marks of games, including “ Nine-Men’s-Morris,” but the one on the east side has been removed to make room for the fine 14th century coffin slab which, with its plinth, is worked out of a single stone, 14in. thick ; an incised cross is cut on the top, and there is a small VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. 2B 380 The Church of S. Mary the Virgin, Wylye. vertical cross projecting from the surface of each end. The porch is gabled on north and south sides, the former rising above the lean-to aisle. The font is probably a late Norman one, a bellied bowl, the lower half having foliated carving. It stands on a modern base. CuurcH OF S. Mary THE VIRGIN, WYLYE. With the exception of the east and part of the north wall of the chancel and the tower, this Church was re-built in 1844. It is fortunate that the east window was spared, for it would be difficult to find its equal for simple beauty. It is a triple lancet having on the outside jamb and mullion shafts with carved caps supporting the outer order of the moulded arches; this moulding is enriched with a refined type of dog-tooth ornament and has a label mould over, The springers of the copings have good corbel heads of the same period—about 1230. The diagonal buttresses are later additions to the chancel wall, and it will be seen that there was some bungling in the setting out of the work. The two-light window in the south wall of the chancel is the old one reinstated, but it has been improved up by the addition of a circular eye over. Over the porch doorway is also reinstated a small panel con-’ taining a sculptured Calvary group. The archway between the nave and tower is earlier than the remainder of its features; being of Decorated work the arch has three orders of chamfers. The tower is of three stages of Perpen- dicular work of ordinary character, three-light west window with door beneath, two-light belfry window, diagonal buttresses, and an embattled parapet and pinnacles. There are three fine brass candelabra of twelve lights each in the nave without any inscription. The pulpit, with sounding board, dated 1628, was brought from the old Church at Wilton ; the prayer desk is made of work of the same period. The tower contains a pre-Reformation bell with the inscription “AVE MARIA.” By.C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 381 Tue CHurcnH or S. MICHAEL, WISHFORD. With the exception of the eastern part of the chancel and the lower part of the tower, this Church was re-built in 1861. I have no knowledge of what its previous plan was, but the present consists of nave, with north and south aisles of three bays and south porch, western tower, and chancel, with vestry on the north side. It would appear that in the re-building, in order to preserve the tower and at the same time to extend the nave, the latter was lengthened at the cost of the chancel, for it is inconceivable that the old chancel was only the length of the present one—12ft. 6in., _ The chancel walls and triple lancet east window with the string- course under it on the outside are 13th century work, the north wall having been subsequently set back on the outside to form a recess for the Grobham monument; the-priest’s door in the south wall of the chancel is debased work. . The Norman font points to a still earlier Church here; it has a _ bowl of early “tub” form with ten pillars of low projection around the side, and chevron ornamentation between ; the base is modern. _ The lower stage only of the tower is old; it is of 15th century work with diagonal buttresses. With the exception of the font the most striking object in the Church is, perhaps, the exquisite monument toSir Richard Grobham, who died in 1629, and his wife, which stands in a deep recess in the wall of the chancel. It is a most refined piece of Renaissance design, carried out, apparently, regardless of cost, in various kinds of marble. The base is panelled and has a moulded mensa, above which is a deeply recessed arch, flanked by two pillars and the whole surmounted by a fine cornice; over which there is a central ield with one on each side, all three contained within panels and arged with arms. On the mensa are two recumbent effigies, their heads resting on shions; the husband being represented as wearing the armour of period and his feet resting on a dog’s head, the wife with plain robe and her feet resting on adove. The knight's banner and visor are on the opposite wall-of the chancel. \ 232 382 The Church of S. Michael, Wishford. In the east wall of the modern aisle is a recessed altar-tomb with the inscription :— HIC JACET THOMS BONHAM ARMIGER QUODM PATRONUS ISTI* ECCLIE QUI QUIDEM THOMAS OBIT XXIX DIE MAII A° DNI MCCCCLXXIII° ET EDITHA UXOR EJS QUE QUIDEM EDITHA OBIJT XXVI DIE APRILIS A° DNI MCCCCLXIX QUORUM ANIMABUS PROPITIETUR DEUS AMEN There is the recumbent effigy of a man habited in a simple robe and girdle, with purse and sword attached; his head rests on a cushion and his feet on a lion. A very small figure of a female is worked on the same stone as the cushion, behind his head and looking towards it. The canopy over this has crocketted arch and square embattled cornice. . In the north wall, close by, in a modern recess, is the figure of a female with square head dress, embroidered where coming down around the head, an accordion pleated skirt buttoned down the front and a narrow belt. A ringed brooch is attached to the skirt, with a rosary pendent from it; the feet are resting on a hound. In the same aisle stands a fine chest,! with coffered lid, the whole banded with iron ; it has two inserted locks and a clasp for padlock; parts of the woodwork have been renewed. 1The Rev. F. W. Macdonald, Rector of Wishford, kindly contributes the following note by the Rey. E. Hill, a former Rector, as to this chest :— ‘‘In the possession of the Rector is an ancient massive iron-bound chest which for years has been used as a receptacle for books. It was rapidly falling into decay and the wood getting worm-eaten, when it was sent to a skilled artizan, who discovered that the iron bands had been silver-plated, the inside lined with red velvet, and that the wood was Spanish (sic) chestnut. There is no doubt, from the shape and workmanship, that the chest is of foreign manufacture, and it has been thought that the chest was taken from the Spanish wreck by Sir Richard Grobham, and presented to the parish Church.” There is no authentic account of its discovery, but legend has it that it was discovered in decaying condition in the barn of a churchwarden some years ago.—F W. Macponatp. By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 383 Tue CHuRCH OF ALL SAINTS, STEEPLE LANGFORD. In the list of institutions to this benefice in Hoare’s “ Wiltshire” the patronage is stated to have been exercised by the co-heiress of “Waleran, Lord and Founder” (it is a query whether founder of the Church or of the rectory). There is a local tradition that Waleran was huntsman to William the Conqueror, and that he is commemorated by the small incised slab now standing in the rood-stair doorway.1 The design of the slab is certainly more Incised Slab, Steeple Langford. [Reproduced, by permission, from Arch. Journ., xv., 74.] 1Tn vol. xv., p. 75 of the Archeological Journal, the Rev. Edward Wilton, of West Lavington, gives the following account of this slab, accompanied by the illustration, which we are kindly allowed by the Royal Archeological Institute to reproduce here :—‘ The slab, which is aremarkable addition to the list of miniature effigies, was discovered in pulling down the chancel of - the Church at Steeple Langford, an early specimen of the Karly English style. The incised slab is of Purbeck marble, and measures 26 inches in length by 14 inches at the top, and 9% inches at the foot. The figure measures only 2 feet in height. The stone appears to be perfect in its F original proportions, as above given, but it is stated that when it was found _ there was a second piece of Purbeck slab placed above the incised portion, and the idea had been thereby suggested that the two portions combined 384 The Church of All Saints, Steeple Langford. than a century later than the Conqueror, and seems to connect it | more probably with the period quoted by Mr. Wilton as that at which Waleran was patron and landowner in the parish. The Church is said to have been consecrated in honour of All Saints in 1326; this must, however, have been a re-dedication, for the font and the arches at either end of the nave show that a Church existed here nearly two centuries before this date. The plan of the Church is :—nave, with south porch, north aisle (called the Mompesson Aisle), western tower, and chancel, with would present the ordinary form of a modern coffin. This smaller four-sided slab had been broken in pieces, and used in the building, and it may now be difficult to suggest for what it was first intended, but the conjecture that such had been the original fashion of the tomb may be very questionable. ‘‘The person pourtrayed on this memorial appears in a long robe, open in front, his hands are raised and hold an escutcheon, which is perfectly plain, and the idea suggests itself that it may have been intended to represent a receptacle enclosing the heart of the deceased, and not an armorial escutcheon, to which it bears close resemblance. It will be remembered that there exist several sepulchral memorials, presenting examples of the heart thus held between the upraised hands, such as the figures at Cubbington and another near Ledbury, in Herefordshire; and this peculiarity occurs in the half figure of a bishop in Winchester Cathedral. At the right side of the figure is a horn, suspended by a strap over the left shoulder, and this has been regarded as allusive probably to Waleran Venator, who held lands at Steeple or Great Langford, Wilts, and was patron of the living at the early part of the thirteenth century, the period also to which the date of the chancel recently demolished had been assigned. The slab lay on the south side of the chancel near the east end, and Mr. Wilton thinks that it may be regarded as the memorial of a founder of the fabric. The costume and design of the figure appears to be of rather later date than the period when Waleran the Hunter held lands in the parish, which was about the year 1200. Mr. Wilton states that at the close of the 18th century Alan de Langeford appears to have held the office of Verderer of the adjoining forest of Grovely, and he suggests that the horn may have been introduced as a symbol of his office . . . . Thehunting horn is, as I believe, of comparatively uncommon occurrence on sepulchral memorials in England . . . . Iam informed that in Scotland instances of its introduction in early monumental sculpture are more frequent The design strikes me as presenting considerable similarity to that of many incised memorials in France which may be assigned to the same period.” P.S.—Since writing the above my attention has been called to the Rev. G. S. Master’s “Collections for a History of West Dean,” (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxii., 253), from which it would appear that the Rangership of the New Forest was hereditary, so that the effigy probably represents a descendant of Waleran, the Norman huntsman.—C.H.P. By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 385 organ chamber and vestry on the north of it. The chancel, organ chamber, vestry, and porch are modern. The earliest structural work is to be found in the archway opening into the tower and in the chancel arch, which two arches are of the same transitional type, and doubtless coeval, and date from the last quarter of the 12th century. The tower arch is a pointed one of two orders with bold roll mould on the angles, both orders springing from jamb shafts, the outer on the nave side only and detached; the caps of the shafts have square boldly-moulded abacus and carving of a stiff foliated pattern. The chancel arch differs only in its mouldings being richer. The caps have a modern look, but they are apparently only re-cut. A later squint exists through its north jamb. The only 13th century feature is the lancet window in the north side of the middle stage of the tower, which appears to have been re-used in the rebuilding of the lower two stages of the tower in the 14th century. The tower is of three stages, the lowest occupying an unusually large proportion of its height and having a good three-light Decorated window, and broad diagonal buttresses at its western angles. The belfry stage is of squat proportions of late 15th century date, built of coursed masonry (the rest of the tower being flint faced), and is surmounted by a broach spire of wood covered with lead. . The arcade between the nave and aisle is of three bays of pointed arches of two orders, carried on cylindrical columns with caps of a very plain type; the date is uncertain, but probably 14th century. The south wall of the nave is also of the 14th century, but of a much better type. It has two two-light pointed windows in addition to one modern copy. There is an unusually large square rood stair rojection, 8ft. 7in. wide, stopping under the eaves; the lower door only is to be seen inside, and this is of more than the usual width ; the corbel which supported the brace under the end of the front beam of the loft remains in sitw, and under it a small recess which _ may have been an aumbry. The north aisle is of a plainer type of Decorated work, having four square buttresses and a plain parapet; in one bay is a coeval 386 The Church of All Saints, Steeple Langford. doorway with a 15th century window inserted in the older wall above it; in each of the other two bays is a two-light window of the date of the walls. The east and west windows of the aisle are three-light insertions of the 15th century. This aisle retains its original lean-to roof with carved bosses, and four of its oak benches and one desk, the latter with carved poppy heads. It will thus be seen that there is an unusual proportion of Decorated work in this Church, and less of later periods. In the north wall of the aisle is the five-panel front of an elaborate Perpendicular altar tomb of the Mompesson family, with five shields charged with the arms of Mompesson, Godwyn, Drewe, Watkins, Leigh, and,the five sacred wounds. The stonework retains traces of colowt. € Re Against the east wabLof-tine ‘aisle is a debased Gothic altar tomb with three shields, thé“outer ones charged 1 M. 1576 and the central one with lion rampant. Fixed in the blocked-up doorway of this aisle are five panels of sculpture, each with a scrollwork shield of Elizabethan type; four have heart-shaped centres and one quartered . . . . these panels are divided by trees—they evidently formed part of a tomb. In the north wall of the chancel is the effigy of Joseph Collier, Rector 1607—1635. The font has an unusually large bowl, 2ft. 5}in. square, with animals’ heads on the top at two of the angles; one side is arcaded, on another are rudely carved two thistles (?), on another a chevron, and on the fourth a kind of link pattern ; it has a large central column surrounded by four small shafts, and moulded base with angle ornaments; all of Purbeck marble of circa 1150. The prayer desk is made up of old carved oak, the panels are good, one represents an angel holding a shield with the three nails, the other an animal with eagle’s head and wings and beast’s body and hind legs. The pulpit is a Jacobean one of curious and coarse type. ‘SLTIM “HOUNHOD GHOSONVI SJILLIT “NANYdWAL By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 387 Tur Cuurcu or S. Nicuouas,* LitTLe LANGFORD. This Church has been. described as having been “rebuilt after the model of the ancient edifice, in 1864.” It now consists of nave with south transept chapel projecting from its eastern part, and chancel with vestry on ‘the north; there is a wooden bell-cot on the east gable of the nave. The principal object of interest is, of course, the famous Norman doorway in the south wall of the nave. The arch of this doorway is semicircular and consists of a single order moulded on the face and with a roll on the angles; over this is a wide flat label with billet mould worked on the face. The jambs have attached shafts with moulded bases, with carved caps and square abacus, the cap on the right represents a monster with snake-like legs, which he is holding with his hands; the other represents a man whose head is swallowed by a dragon, and some beast stands at the side. Some basket work ornament is carved on the jamb stone on which the right cap is worked. Within this archway is the doorway, a “shouldered” opening with flat lintel carved to represent a wild- boar hunt—the boar is a ferocious looking beast with large tusks _ and a row of bristles sticking up along its back. A man seems to be hounding on, with a kind of horn, the dog in front of the boar, while two other dogs are attacking it from behind. Above the lintel is the tympanum which Mr. Keyser thus describes in Archeologia, (vol. XLVIL., page 176) :—‘ On the left some beaded star ornament, in the centre a bishop, ?St. Nicholas, the patron saint of the Church, clad in dalmatic, alb, and stole, with the right hand raised in the act of benediction, while the left holds a pastoral staff, whence a branch has sprouted; on the right are three birds perched on a tree; below, on the lintel, is a hunting scene.” This ‘tympanum has a semicircular arch, carved with very rude and irregular chevron pattern, around it, within the main arch and flush with the lintel. Mr. Keyser pronounces the arch mouldings as “certainly not of early character” (7.¢., early Norman), but I think the existence of the billet mould goes to show that it is probably not later than about 1120. 388 . The Church of S. Nicholas, Little Langford. The square stones with crosses cut on them built into the flint wall around the arch are curious. They are shown in the accom- panying illustration. The chancel arch is mainly old work; the jambs are flat with small chamfer of the edges, and the arch is a pointed one of two orders; probably 14th century. There is an altered squint south- ward of it. The tracery of the window south of the sanctuary looks old, as also does the small square window in the same wall. In the chapel is an altar tomb of Elizabethan type with I. H. [John Hayter] on two shields ; resting on it is the rudely sculptured effigy of a man, habited in a plain robe and ruff. The window and archway in this chapel are in part old, but much scraped. In the north wall is a recess of entirely new work, which may be the copy of an old tomb or Easter sepulchre; within this are deposited a carved stone crucifix and a pillar piscina. The font has a small circular bowl of uncertain date. Against the outside of the wall under the east window of the chapel is a very beautiful small coffin slab, 2ft. Qin. long, with coped top and roll stem of a cross running down the centre, the cross having a circular head. 389 Aotes on Objects of “ Aate Celtic” Character found in Wiltshire. By the Rev. E. H. Gopparp.'. THE publication of the excellent British Museum Guide to the Antiquities of the Early Iron Age has, for the first time, placed a convenient text-book of the objects of that period in the hands of curators and others interested in the collections of the various provincial museums. Only a very few years ago many of these objects were, even in the British Museum itself, only to be found scattered about amongst the general Romano-British collections, and in provincial museums no attempt was made, as a rule, to dis- tinguish them from Roman remains. At the present time, how- ever, the example set by the authorities of the National collection is being gradually followed by the curators of other museums, and a considerable amount of interest has been aroused in objects of “ Late Celtic ” character. It is not, however, possible in the case of very many “casual finds” to say for certain that any given object actually dates from before the Roman invasion of Britain, as, doubtless, objects of native manufacture, made wholly in the native style, continued in use among the British population—more especially in parts of the country remote from the great Roman centres, side by side with objects made under Roman influence during a considerable portion of the Roman period in Britain. Except in the north, in the neigh- bourhood of Cirencester and Marlborough, and in the west, near Bath, a great part of Wiltshire, particularly the downs of the southern half of the county—which seem to have carried a large population throughout both the Bronze Age and the Roman period 1 The substance of these notes in a shorter form, together with the majority of the illustrations here given, appeared in The Reliquary for April, 1908. 390 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. —was in this way remote from any considerable stations of the ruling race. Itis, therefore, not surprising that among the numbers of fibulee found in the systematic excavation of the Romano-British villages in Cranborne Chase by General Pitt-Rivers, as well as amongst those found casually in other parts of the county, a larger proportion than is usual in other districts should be found to possess characteristics which are now generally regarded as pointing to a Celtic origin. It is, indeed, only comparatively recently that the “ Late Celtic” or “Karly Iron Age” has come to be generally recognized as a distinct period of culture intervening between the end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Roman period in Britain. On the Continent the period of transition from the Bronze to the Iron Ages, when the former metal was gradually being discarded for the latter in the manufacture of cutting implements, is marked by what is known as the Hallstatt period of culture, named from the site of extensive cemeteries of that time in the Austrian Tyrol. Up to the present time, however, objects which can be identified with this stage of civilization have been found very rarely in Britain. The next stage, known as that of “La Tene,” from the well-known settlement on the Lake of Neuchatel, in Switzerland, marking the period when, in Gaul and Switzerland, iron had com- pletely established its ascendancy over bronze, is more largely represented in this country. Of course the dates of these periods can only be approximately fixed, but the best authorities are now inclined to fix 1000 B.C. as the probable date of the end of the Bronze Age south of the Alps, whereas, north of the Alps, the transition (Hallstatt) period seems to have lasted from cir. 850— 400 B.C., whilst the next period, that of La Tene, corresponding with what is known as the Late Celtic period in Britain, extended in Gaul and the surrounding countries from 400 to perhaps 100 or 50 B.C., when the Roman influence overwhelmed it on the Continent. The introduction of iron into the south of Britain may, perhaps, be put at about 350 or 300 B.C., and the period between this date and the completion of the Roman conquest of Britain covers what By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 391 is known as the “ Late Celtic Period.” It was during this period, too, that the art of enamelling and the use of the potter's wheel probably first became known in Britain. During the last part of this period, cir. 50 B.C., a type of art was evolved in Southern Britain, the remains of which have come down to us in the shape of bronze work and enamelling, which in the extraordi- nary beauty of its designs and ornamentation was absolutely un- influenced by Roman feeling, and was from an artistic point of view vastly superior to the Roman provincial art which superseded it. Let anyone who doubts this look at the magnificent enamelled bronze shield from the Thames at Battersea, now in the British Museum, and illustrated on the frontispiece of the Guide to the Early Iron Age. This “ Late Celtic” art, when it ceased in Roman Britain, survived and passed on into the later Christian Celtic art of Ireland and of Scotland. Of course we have nothing comparable with this shield to show in Wiltshire, and we cannot boast of large and important finds of objects of this period such as have been found in Yorkshire, on the Polden Hills in Somerset, at Aylesford, at Hunsbury, or at Glastonbury. The most important object found in Wiltshire, is, of course, at the same time the best known, “The Marlborough Bucket,” found at St. Margaret’s Mead, Marlborough, in 1807, and since 1878, in a restored condition, in our Museum at Devizes, measuring 21 x 24 inches, and having three broad bands of thin _ bronze, with repoussé figures of animals and human heads. It was illustrated by Hoare, and a better figure of it is given in @wide to the Early Iron Age, p. 28, but there is room still for more detailed illustration than it has yet received. A bucket evidently of the same period was found with other objects at Aylesford, Kent, in 1 Hoare, Ancient Wilts, II., 34, gives two views of this vessel made from drawings taken when it was first found, and before it fell to pieces on exposure to theair. These engravings are reproduced ona reduced scale in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxiii., 222, where further details as to its discovery are given, and‘ again in the Catalogue of the Stourhaed Collection (1896), p.88. In Wright's The Celt, The Roman, and The Saxon, it is (p. 428) erroneously stated to be of Anglo-Saxon date. 392 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character fownd in Wiltshire. 1886, and is now in the British Museum. Dr. Arthur Evans concludes, from certain details on our own bucket, however, that it was not made in Britain, but was imported from Armorica, as were many coins (such for instance as the Gaulish coin from Swindon, illustrated in Wilts Arch. Mag. xxxiv., 311) found in the southern counties of Britain.’ Of the pottery of this period it is difficult as yet to speak with any certainty so far as our own county is concerned. No fragments of the characteristic “ cordoned” vessels have yet been found; on the other hand it seems likely that the remarkable vessel found at Latton (illustrated, Wilts Arch. Mag., xxx., 303), now in the collection of Mr. A. D. Passmore, of Swindon, is nearly related to the “ pedestalled”’ urns, so characteristic of Late Celtic burials, both in the cemeteries of the Marne, and in various localities in Southern Britain. This vessel was remarkable for its brown colour as well as for its smoothly tooled surface, and it is to be noticed that fragments of a similar red-brown ware, bearing the same highly tooled surface, have been found at various localities in Wiltshire, associated with remains that may indeed in many cases be Romano- British or may almost equally well be of a somewhat earlier date. The two cooking vessels of plain smooth polished ware without rims, found in dwelling pits on Oldbury Hill (figured Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvii., 291—294), are the most perfect specimens of this ware, but fragments of precisely similar ware have been found at Oliver’s Camp, Cold Kitchen Hill, in dwelling pits at Beckhampton, and elsewhere. It seems not unlikely that this red brown tooled or polished ware may eventually prove to be of the Late Celtic rather than the Romano-British period. There are, too, the fragments of the large coarse red ware vessel found in the silting of the ditch at Oliver’s Camp, in 1907, and believed to be of pre-Roman date. Again, from Lyddington Camp, in the north of the county, Mr. Passmore has a number of small fragments of pottery, obtained from flint diggings within the area 1 Mr. A. D. Passmore has a few small fragments of iron with bronze studs like brass-headed nails from Lyddington Camp, which seem to be remnants of a Late Celtic bucket. ‘ 5 By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. — 393 of the camp, which, although of the general character of Romano- British ware bear impressed ornamentation, quite distinct from anything found generally on either Bronze Age or Roman pottery, and in one or two cases apparently closely resembling patterns on pottery found on the Glastonbury lake dwelling site. ‘It is probable, too, that the chalk loom weights, the pottery sling stones,! the pottery rings, the bone weaving combs, and other bone implements, found in pit dwellings at Beckhampton, Oldbury, and elsewhere, may some or all of them be of the Late Celtic rather than the Romano-British time, to which they have been hitherto generally attributed ; as may, also, be many of the iron spear-heads, &c., found when the surface of the downs was broken up, and hitherto labelled “ Anglo Saxon.” These, however, bear nothing distinctively “ Late Celtic” in character about them, and it is with objects which from their style and ornamentation seem to have been made rather under Celtic than Roman influence that the following notes are con- cerned, and more especially with certain classes of bronze fibulze to which so much attention has been directed, of late years, by Professor Ridgeway, Mr. Reginald Smith, Dr. Arthur Evans, and others, following on the earlier writings of Gen. Pitt Rivers. With regard to the bronze brooches of the safety-pin class, which were formerly lumped together under the head of “ Roman” in museums, it has come to be generally recognized that they _ present a series of which the later examples have been clearly evolved by certain definite steps from the earlier, and that in the various stages of their evolution they-—if these different stages can be approximately dated—may form most valuable criteria for the age of the objects with which they are found associated.” Mr. Reginald Smith has called attention, in the Guwide to the eis shh Se eee 1 Great numbers of these pottery sling stones were found in the lake village of Glastonbury. 2In the accompanying descriptions of fibule I have followed the nomen- clature of the British Museum Guide, which regards the spring end of the fibula as the ‘‘head’’ and the catch end as the ‘‘foot.” Gen. Pitt Rivers spoke of the catch end as the “ nose,” and Mr. Romilly Allen generally calls ‘it the “ ¢ail.” nee 394 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. Early Iron Age, to the fact that a certain number of fibulz of early — “Ttalian” types (of which the salient characteristic is the spring of two spiral coils on one side of the head only) have been found in England, of which the British Museum and seven other museums possess specimens, which suggest a connection between ‘Britain and the Continent, or even Italy, in days previous even to the period of the “La Tene 1.” fibule mentioned before. The sketch of the fibula here illustrated, from Devizes Museum (fig. 1), has been submitted to him, as, indeed, have all the sketches here given, and he has been kind enough to give an opinion on the various specimens, upon which much of the present notes has been founded. This specimen of the “cushion ”-shaped type is of a form well known in Italy previous to 400 B.C. It was, however, found with other distinctly Roman objects on the site of a Roman villa at North Wraxall many years ago. Mr. Smith would get over the difficulty of its apparent association with objects of so many centuries later by suggesting that the sites of Roman villas were often those which had been previously oc- cupied by the Britons, and that, therefore, all objects found upon those sites were not necessarily of Roman age. Another possibility suggests itself, viz., that the inhabitants of the villa, when they came to Britain, brought with them trinkets from Italy which had already been several centuries in use. In any case, however, this fibula is certainly of an early Italian type, of which at present a few other examples are known from Britain, two of which are in the Canterbury and one in the Maidstone Museums.” The only other Wiltshire example of a fibula possibly earlier than the “La Tene I.” class at present known to me belongs to Mr. J. W. Brooke, of Marlborough, Fig. 2, who has most kindly drawn it for me, as he has the other fibulee from his fine collection mentioned here. It was found casually near Baydon, a locality which has yielded, from the site of a settlement there, many Romano-British or, perhaps, Late Celtic objects, now at Devizes. 1 Wilts Arch. Magq., vii., 59—75. 2 Professor W. Ridgeway and R. A. Smith on “ Early Italian Brooches ” in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, xxi., 97—118. By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 395 This fibula, however, had no known connection with the settlement. It is, I gather from Mr. Smith, the only one of the type as yet found in the British Isles; he says: “It is altogether exceptional. It is a development of the Certosa type (see Guide to the Iron Age, p. 41), and should be contemporary with, or earlier than,“ La Tene I.,” as the prototype belongs to the fifth century B.C. I have been able to find an exact parallel from Orvieto, Umbria, figured by Montelius, Za Civilisation Primitive en Italie, part L, plate xi, fig. 146.” It is true that this fibula, as here illustrated, is without the small turned-up knob on the end of the foot, which is a dis- tinguishing characteristic of the Etruscan fibule from the Certosa Station near Bologna, from which the type is named; but a close examination of the original shows that the extreme end of the flat _ plate above the catch is, apparently, broken off, so that doubtless it did once possess this knob. In any case, both these fibule, and especially the latter, are important and interesting specimens, and their evidence, such as it is, tends towards proving a connection with the Continent in very early Pre-Roman days. The bulk, however, of the fibule illustrated here, all of which are reproduced full size, are of the type which is known as “ La Tene I.” (see Guide to Early Iron Age, pp. 42, 99), of which such a large series is to be seen from the Gaulish cemeteries of the Department of the Marne, associated with knobbed bronze torques, iron spear-heads, and other objects, in the Morel Collection in the British Museum, where also, many examples of varying size, but of the same type, are to be seen from the Ticino Valley and from Bohemia.1 This fibula has been chosen as the characteristic mark of the early period of that “La Tene” civilisation which takes its name from the lake dwelling, where it is best represented on the I ake of Neuchatel. In Gaul, this “ La Tene,” or “ Marnian,” period as exemplified in the cemeteries of the Marne in which these fibulze ' For illustrations of these fibule see Keller’s Lake Dwellings, Munro’s ake Dwellings, and Romilly Allen’s Celtic Art, p. 8. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. BAG 396 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. are found, dates probably from 350 to 200 B.C., and Dr. Arthur Evans and Mr. Reginald Smith would regard fibule of this type found in Britain as possibly of as early a date as 200 B.C. them- selves. They are made of one continuous piece of bronze, which, after forming two coils of a spiral spring on each side of the head, is thickened into a fairly solid bow of semi-circular section forming a high and somewhat square arch, and after being flattened for the catch, the foot or tail is turned back until it almost—or quite— touches the front of the bow, to which, however, it is not fastened. The foot ends in a knob, most often shaped more or less like a duck’s head, sometimes round and flat, and sunk for enamel or to contain amber or other ornament. The bow has most commonly, a row of engraved dots with a couple of lines along the back without other ornamentation. In his Celtic Art, 1904, p. 106, Mr. Romilly Allen gives a “ List of Localities in England where Late Celtic fibulz have been found,” and mentions only five examples of this type, all in the British Museum, of which one—from Clogher, Co. Tyrone—is really of a somewhat different type. There are, however, in the museum of the Wiltshire Archeological Society, at Devizes, no less than six examples of this fibula, of which illustrations are for the first time now given. Altogether, after some considerable enquiry, I have been able to trace some twenty-six examples, found in England: of these the British Museum has five, Reading and Farnham three each, Mr. Brooke’s Museum at Marlborough two, the Ashmolean, Salisbury, Chedworth, Northampton, and Taunton Museums one each, and one is in the possession of Mr. G. N. Temple, of Boreham, near Warminster. Of these Wiltshire claims thirteen, and counties bordering on Wiltshire seven; only one (the Cowlam, Yorks., example) comes from the northern counties, and one from North- ampton. Seven are from known Romano-British sites; Roman coins were found close to two; four were associated with well- marked Late Celtic remains; whilst of the finding of the remainder no details seem to be known. The only example known to have been found with an interment is that from Cowlam, described and By the Rev. B. H. Goddard. 397 figured by Canon Greenwell in his British Barrows, and in the British Museum Guide to the Early Iron Age, p. 110. None of them occur in the great Roman collections of the Guildhall, the Silchester collection at Reading, or at Cirencester, Colchester, York, Norwich, or Cambridge; none have, I believe, been dis- covered in the Glastonbury lake village. Of the non-Wiltshire examples not here illustrated, one comes : from the Chedworth Villa, Gloucestershire; one from Melbury, _ Somersetshire; one from Woodcuts Romano-British village; and | another from Bryanstone, near Blandford, Dorset. Berkshire claims three, one dredged from the Kennet at Reading, and two ; others, very similar to many of the Marne examples, found at Wallingford. Oxfordshire has two—one from Wood Eaton in the Ashmolean, the other from Water Eaton in the British Museum ; two in the British Museum come from the Thames near London. The example from the Late Celtic camp at Hunsbury is now in Northampton Museum; that from Cowlam, in the East Riding, is in the British Museum. Is it fanciful to suggest the possibility that the prevalence of these fibule, many of which are precisely like those found so abundantly in the cemeteries of the Marne, in Wiltshire and the neighbouring district, whilst they are very rare or entirely absent in the northern counties, and are not found on any of the great. Roman sites, may point to some special connection of this part of Britain with Gaul in the days before the Roman invasion ? One other point as to these fibule is worth noticing. Of the seven Wiltshire examples which retain their pins and springs, four have a bronze axis or rivet run through the coils of the spring. In three of these one of the coils of the spring is broken, and the pin simply works on the axis; as is also the case, apparently in the fourth example, where the axis is in the shape of a small cylinder 2 _ bronze instead of a solid rivet as in the others.! In the Cowlam example Canon Greenwell specially notes that, 1There is a similar axis in one of the examples from the Thames in the _ British Museum, but whether in this case the coil has been broken I cannot say. Pe (oe 398 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. when found, it had a piece of wood fitted into the coil of the spring, to which the iron pin with which it had been mended was fastened. I would suggest that, at least in the Wiltshire examples, this bronze axis is like the wooden peg at Cowlam, an expedient by which the fibula, after being broken, was made serviceable again. Does the mending in this way of so many of these fibulz go to prove that they were valuable articles, and so indirectly support the early date given to them ?+ I have thought it best to illustrate the whole of the thirteen known Wiltshire examples of these “La Tene I.,” or “Marnian,” fibulz, whether they are complete or not. The block of the Avebury example is most kindly lent by the authorities of the British Museum (Harly Iron Age Guide, p. 100); Messrs. Batsford most obligingly allow me to copy the illustrations of the two from Rotherley in Gen. Pitt-Rivers’ Excavations, Vol. II., Pl. XCVII. Figs. 5and 6; the two in Mr. Brooke’s collection are from drawings by himself ; the remaining eight are from my own sketches. In all cases the figures are full size. Fig. 8. Late Celtic Fibula, Avebury. [British Museum. | DESCRIPTION OF THE WILTSHIRE EXAMPLES OF “ LA TENE I. FIBULZ Fig. 8. Found near Avebury, presented to British Museum, 1876, by Rev. Henry Harris, Rector of Winterbourne Bassett. The pin and one 1 Tt may be worth while recalling the fact that the metal of which these ancient brooches are made is not of the colour which we associate with “bronze” nowadays, but is, when untarnished, of a colour almost exactly resembling fine gold. One of Mr. Brooke’s examples, which had been carried in the pocket of the finder for some time, and had so lost all its ‘‘ Patina,” has precisely the appearance of being made of gold. Bronze Fibule of Early Italian type. Actual size. Fig. 1.—N. Wraxall Roman Villa (Devizes Museum). Fig. 2.-—Baydon, 1906 (Mr. J. W. Brooke’s Collection). ‘(uotqoaT[09 s,etdwal, “N ‘D ‘IJ\) IoJsUTUTIeA\—"9 “ST ‘(uMasnyy Seztaeq]) MoTIeg YSN ion—'Z ‘31 ‘(uoroaTIoD sayoorg ‘M ‘[ ‘IJN) JouUUsy JSOA\—'P “SIA ‘(uolqoaTjog sayoorg “M ‘[ ‘ryy) Zo61 ‘weydq soddQ—'s “sty ‘azis yenjoy ‘eddy , J AUal BT,, Jo XNqry ezu01g “Z -Sty MAoo on 0 Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. Fig. 7. Fig. 8. Fig. 9. Fig 10. By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 399 turn of the spring are missing. The bow is somewhat stouter than in the examples at Devizes, it has a single row of dots between two engraved lines along its centre. The foot is of pronounced ‘ duck’s head” form, with forked beak touching the bow. It has a circular socket—now empty, to contain a stone oramber. Length 2,4in. TIllustrated, Pitt-Rivers’ Excavations, II., p. 117, and Guide to Early Iron Age, p. 100 (here reproduced by kind permission). Found at West Kennet, 1897, near a second brass coin of Antoninus Pius. Relics of different ages were also found near. In collection of Mr. J. W. Brooke. The bow has a faint line of dots between two engraved lines. The foot hasa thick rounded knob. Perfect. Length 2%in. Found at Upper Upham, near Aldbourne, 1907. Coins found near it ranged in date from Vespasian to Constantine II. The majority were of the time of Carausius, Diocletian, and Maximian. Very similar to Fig. 4. A single line of dots between two engraved lines along the bow. The foot an oval knob with engraved circle and dot on the top. Perfect. Length 2tin. Found near Warminster. In possession of Mr. G. N. Temple, of Boreham Manor, Warminster. It has a row of dots down the back with engraved lines at the sides. The foot is a circular flat knob, engraved with circle and dot. Complete. A solid bronze axis runs through the coils of the spring, which ‘is broken, and the pin now works only on the axis. Length, 2;,/- Found near Bush Barrow, Salisbury Plain. Devizes Museum: Presented by Rev. E. Wilton. Consists of bow and foot only. The bow is of more solid make than most others, the foot ends in a large plain circular bevelled knob touching the bow. A row of minute dots between two lines along the back of the bow. Length 13in. Very similar to the example from Bryanstone, near Bland- ford, Dorset, in the British Museum, (Figured, Guide to Early Iron Age, p. 100.) Found by flint diggers on West Lavington Down. Presented to Devizes Museum by Rev. E. Wilton. Consists of the bow, one turn of the spring, and the catch only. A row of minute dots with engraved line on either side along back of bow. A small specimen. Length 13in. Found by flint diggers on West Lavington Down. Presented to Devizes Museum by Rey. E. Wilton. Consists of bow and foot only. The bow is plain with an irregular line of dots along the side. The foot has a small flattened knob, now bent out of place. Length 13in. From Baydon, apparently from the site of the Romano-British settlement there. Consists of bowand foot only. A stronger and heavier example than the others, with a more highly arched and less square-shaped bow. It is massive, plain, and almost round in section. The foot isin the shape of a duck’s head, with a circular 400 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. hollow to receive enamel or a stone, and a bifid beak with curving ends touching the bow. Devizes Museum. Length 1Zin. Fig. 11. From Wylye Camp. In the Blackmore Museum, at Salisbury. Consists of bow and catch only. Has traces of double engraved lines along the back, which is corroded. It is of somewhat similar heavy make to Fig. 10. Length 14in. Fig. 12. Found ‘at a depth of 2ft. 10in. beneath the surface in the filling of the main circle ditch” at Rotherley Romano-British village, ex- cavated by General Pitt-Rivers. Figured, Excavations, II., Pl. XCVII., Fig. 5, p. 116. (Here reproduced, with Fig. 18, by kind permission of Messrs. Batsford.) It is a fine specimen, complete, except for one coil of the spring which is gone, the spring being coiled round a small bronze tube as axis. The bow has a band of incised zigzag pattern carefully worked along the back, and similar bands on the sides. The foot is of pronounced ‘“*Duck’s head” shape, the bill—which is not bifid—touching the bow. Length 2in. Fig. 18. Found at a depth of 2ft. 2in. in the filling of Pit 72 at Rotherley Romano-British village. Consists of bow, two turns of spring, andecatch. A lineofdotsonthebow. Length, l4in. [See Fig. 12.] Presumably this and Fig. 12, are in the museum at Farnham, Dorset. Fig. 14. From West Lavington Down, 1857. Presented to Devizes Museum by Rev. E. Wilton. A slender well-made example, one of the smallest found in Wiltshire. A line of minute dots between engraved lines on the back of the bow. The foot ends in a small flat knob with a moulding at the neck. There is a solid bronze axis through the coils of the spring, and the pin is not now con- nected with the spring, but simply looped round the axis. Length 12in. ig. 15. Found at Silbury Hill. From the collection of Col. Woodford. Presented to Devizes Museum by HE. Cunnington. A well-made and perfect example. The bow has a well-formed hollow moulding running down the back with an engraved line on either side. The foot has a small flat knob with curving bifid beak touching the bow. There is a solid bronze axis through the coils, one of which is broken, and the existing bronze pin is not connected with the spiral but is simply looped round the axis and has no spring. Length 1]§in. =} i 0g The non-Wiltshire examples known to me are :— Dorsetshire, [I.] Found in surface trenching by Gen. Pitt-Rivers at Woodcuts Romano-British village. [Figured in Eacavations, vol. I., 49, Pl. XIV., Fig. 2.) The pin and foot are missing, the spring appears to have as an axis a hollow cylinder of bronze Length. 14Zin. [II.] From Bryanstone, near Blandford. In British Museum. A solid massive specimen, with broad thick bow, with row of dots Figs. 8, 9, 10. Noe) Fig. 13. Actual size. Bronze Fibule, ‘‘ La Tene I.” type. Figs. 8 and 9.—West Lavington Down (Devizes Museum). Fig. 10.—Baydon Fig. 11.—Wylye Camp (Blackmore Museum). (Devizes Museum). 12 and 13.—KRotherley. (By permission of Messrs. Batsford). Figs. Fig. 14. Fig. 16. Bronze Fibule of Late Celtic type (in Devizes Museum). Actual size. Fig. 14.—West Lavington Down. Fig. 15.—Silbury Hill. | Fig. 16.—West Lavington. Fig. 17.—Great Cheverell Down. | By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 401 and a double line each side. The foot a large thick rounded knob touching the bow. Length 2iin. Figured in Guide to the Iron Age, p. 100, Fig. 79. Somersetshire. Found at Melbury, near Somerton. Presented to Taunton Museum, 1905, with the Hugh Norris Collection. A small speci- men, with a considerable flattened rounded knob on the end of the foot, barely touching the bow. The bow hasa zigzag ornament on the back. Length 45 mm. It is described in Somerset Arch. Soc. Proe., 1905, pp. 149, 150, and illustrated, p. 144. It very closely resembles several of the Wiltshire examples. The spiral . spring is broken across in one place, but the original. pin remains and there is no axis. Gloucestershire. Preserved in the Museum at Chedworth Roman Villa. Consists of the bow and duck-headed foot. The spring and pin are gone. A small specimen very like the Wiltshire ones. Berkshire. [I.] Dredged from the Kennet at Reading, now in the museum there. Complete. Much like the example fygm Avebury (Fig. 3). The foot has a circular knob hollowed as a setting for stone or enamel. [II. and III.] Found at Wallingford, now in Reading Museum. These two examples, for information as to which I am indebted to Mr. T. W. Colyer, Curator of Reading Museum, appear to differ from the Wiltshire specimens in the fact that the loop of the spring passed inside the end of the bow instead of outside the coils, the whole brooch is more elongated, the bow in one ease is plain, in the other it has five transverse lines engraved across it on either side of a central saltire, and the recurved end of the foot takes the form of a small round knob and point, slanting to the top of the bow, instead of curving to meet it lower down, in this respect exactly resembling a large number of the specimens found in the Gaulish cemeteries of the Marne. Nothing is known of the circumstances of their discovery. _ Oxfordshire. [I.] From Wood Eaton, near Oxford. Nowin the Ashmolean | Museum. From a British and Roman settlement which may q date from the first or second century B.C. It is a perfect ; specimen, exactly like the Wiltshire ones, with a small median rib on the bow, and a small flat duck’s head shaped foot with bill. [II.] From Water Eaton. Presented to the British Museum by Sir A. W. Franks, 1880. A perfect specimen with very short high arched bow, with three lines intersected by zigzags on the back and on the sides three circles with dots and diagonal engraved lines. The foot ends in a flat circular plate, on which are engraved five circles with dots, touching the bow. Figured in Guide to the Early Iron Age, p. 100, Fig. 77. Length ipein, + 1 For information as to this specimen I am indebted to Mr. H, St. George Gray, of the Taunton Castle Museum, 402 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. Middlesex. [I. and II.] In the British Museum. Found in the River Thames at Hammersmith, with three bronze pins with ring heads and crooked shafts, three pierced bronze discs, and a bucket band of thin bronze, all of Late Celtic character. One of these specimens, of exactly the same type as the Wiltshire ex- amples, is perfect. The other example has the bow curiously flattened out into a broad vesica shape with a series of lines following the outline. The foot has a flattened duck’s head shaped end, the bill touching the bow. A solid bronze axis runs through the coils of the spring. Complete. A very small specimen. Length 14in. Figured in Guide to Early Iron Age, p, 100, Fig. 78. Northamptonshire. A fibula from the Late Celtic camp at Hunsbury, now Yorkshire. in Northampton Museum, is figured in Associated Architectural Societies’ Reports, XVIII., Pt. I., Pl. IV., Fig. 8, and also, very roughly, in Pitt-Rivers’ Hacavations, Vol. II.,p.117. It appears to have the high arched bow and turned-back foot. It has lost both spring and pin. [Another example, for a sketch of which I am indebted to Mr. T. J. George, Curator, also from Hunsbury, has lost spring and pin. The turned-back foot is a circular end, sunk for enamel (?), touching the bow, which is broad and ap- parently marked with lines. The head, too, is of a cross shape quite distinct from that of the La Tene fibule here described. ] Found in a barrow of Late Celtic age at Cowlam, excavated by Canon Greenwell, near the chin of an aged woman, with a bronze armlet and a necklace of seventy blue glass beads. Figured in Greenwell, British Barrows, p.209; Evans’ Bronze Implements, Fig. 498; and Gwide to the Early Iron Age, p. 110, Fig. 89. See also Archeologia, XLIII., 497. When found this specimen had a piece of wood inserted in the spiral coil, to which was fastened an iron pin to replace the lost original. This fibula is without ornament. The foot ends in a plain flat circular plate touching the bow. It is the only La Tene fibula as yet found with an interment in Britain, and the interment in this case is fairly certainly of Pre-Roman date. It is preserved in the British Museum. To pass on to other forms which seem to have a British rather than a Roman origin, it is generally admitted now that those bow fibulz, whether of bronze or iron, in which the bow, spring, and pin are formed of one continuous piece of wire, are of Celtic rather than of distinctly Roman make. Of this simple form of fibula, sometimes known as the “ Common Peoples’ Brooch,” Fig. 16, from New Copse, West Lavington, now in the Devizes Museum is probably the earliest, and it is of somewhat unusual form. Mr. Reginald Smith would date it in the ‘(uInesnyy sezrAecy) umMOoq uo\dureyyooq—‘ce “S17 *(uoTqIaTIOD s,ayoorg “Ay ‘[ “IJN) Ysnoroq~repy—'iz “S81yq *(WoTPIATIOD Ssyooig “M ‘[ ‘1py) weydg szaddqQ—oz “814 *(WMesN]Y SaziAeq) UWoO}IE]SeyY— "61 “SIT *(WIMaSN SAZIADG) UMOC UO}SUIART JSOA\—'SI “SIT ‘azIs Jenjoy ‘“x[nqiy szuoig a Ao a | 61 “Sty a yr aa BuO ABV TL, oo *(umnesnyy SeztAacT) | “(uumasn]y Seztasq]) [TE Wayoyy plop “epeoerg, epeysS—'Zz ‘“st7 eYTA uewoy udAMpog yearn ‘dureys o1JaQ oe J—"o7 “SI ‘(uinesnyy SeztAaq) Juepusg o4[a9 eyeJ—Se “3iyq *‘(uinasnyy ar0yoRig) deg sATAAy ‘VNGIy ezuoIg—'rz “SIT *(wunasnyy SOZIAA(T) Passe sUINOGIIIUI AA ‘OT}J9D 07k] ‘V[NqKT ezuo1g— fz “S17 “Ze BI ‘Qe “SLY “Sc “81 +4 By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 403 first century B.C., placing Fig. 17 as possibly later in the same century. This specimen, found on Great Cheverell Down, and presented to the Museum by the Rev. E. Wilton, is of more usual form, and several similar ones were found by Gen. Pitt-Rivers in the Romano-British villages round Rushmore. It is to be noticed that in these and in the succeeding examples, indeed in all this type of fibula, the loop of the spring, after completing two spirals on one side of the bow, passes to the other side inside the bow instead of outside of it, as is always the case in those of the earlier “Ta Tene I.” type, which has already been described. Figs. 18—21 represent a later modification of the same simple form in which the bow is flattened out, and in some cases has a simple dotted ornament. Figs. 18 and 19 are in Devizes Museum. The former came from West Lavington Downs, the latter (Fig. 19) was found many years ago “with a pot of Roman coins at Easterton.” As so often happens, however, there is no record of the precise amount of association between the fibula and the coins, which were those of Constantine II., Constans, and Magnentius, and were probably all struck not later than A.D. 337. Wilts Arch. Mag., x.. 178—180. If the fibula was really associated with the coins, this would of course tend to show that this type of fibula continued in use until the fourth century A.D. Fig. 20 is from Mr. J. W. Brooke’s collection. It was found at Upper Upham, near Fig. 5, in 1907, Roman coins found near it ranging from Vespasian to Constantine II., the majority being of the time of Carausius, Diocletian, and Maximian. Fig. 21, also from Mr. Brooke’s collection, was found at Marl- borough in 1906. It is an unusually small specimen. These fibule (Figs. 18—21) Mr. Reginald Smith would place in the first or possibly in the second century, A.D. In the case of all these fibulze, however, it must be borne in mind that the suggested dates are only approximate, and that a definite and settled chronology has not yet been reached. The tendency with some archeologists, in the reaction against the old assumption that all such things were “ Roman,”’ is to place many of these simple fibule early, perhaps in pre-Roman times. 404 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. On the other hand, it should be remembered, that out of a total of about one hundred and fifteen bow fibule illustrated in General Pitt-Rivers’ Excavations as found in the Romano-British villages, and associated with objects of the Roman period round Rushmore, on the borders of Wilts and Dorset, ten are of this type, which goes to prove that they continued to be used well on into Roman times. Fig. 22. Found on Beckhampton Down and presented to the Devizes Museum by Mr. W. Brown, is an example of a later type of fibula, perhaps of the second century A.D., which though certainly of the Roman period yet shows in the swelling “lip ornament ” at the head, and on the centre of the bow, distinct signs of British or Celtic rather than of Roman feeling. . The remarkable fibula illustrated in Fig. 23 is of an entirely different class. It seems undoubtedly to belong to the type of which the splendid example found at Césica, and illustrated by Dr. Arthur Evans in Archeologia, lv., 179, is the finest known example. Dr. Evans regards these fibul as probably dating from the end of the second century A.D. The body of the fibula is formed of a flat triangular plate broadening out at the foot to the under side of which the large catch plate is fastened, whilst from the head a second plate curves over and is rivetted to the centre of the first, both plates being originally covered with a thin plate of tin or some other white metal, which still has the remains of repoussé ornament, apparently of Late Celtic type; the spring, originally of eight coils, works on an axis the ends of which are fixed in slots in the side pieces turned down from the head; the loop passing over and being secured to the head of the fibula by a strong hook. The pin islost. Length 13in.; width at foot, jin. It was found at Winterbourne Bassett, in North Wilts, in 1866, probably by flint diggers on the down, and was presented to the Devizes Museum by the then Rector, the Rev. H. Harris. It was then believed to be of Anglo-Saxon date, and is so noted in Wilts Arch. Mag., x.,114. A bronze fibula plated with tin similar to this example in form but smaller, from Water Eaton, Oxfordshire, is in the British Museum. —— By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 405 Fig. 24, from Wylye Camp, now in the Blackmore Museum, at Salisbury, is another remarkable fibula of somewhat the same ap- pearance, though from the shape of its spring case and the loop at the head, Mr. Reginald Smith would place it as probably early in the third century A.D. The spring, now missing, was contained in a semi-cylindrical case with ends, in which are holes to receive the axis of the spring. The brooch is flat, with a circular dise- shaped centre with two concentric channelled circles, which have heldenamel. In one of these traces of blue enamel are still visible. The foot is a flat plate, widening after the fashion of the CEsica fibule, the surface of which has also been enamelled, showing traces of blue and green (?) still. There are upon this plate remains of a scroll pattern of distinctly “Late Celtic” type. The bronze surface, where it was not covered by enamel, shows traces of having been tinned. Length 2 3in.; width of foot {gin. Accompanying this fibula is a large bow fibula of Roman type with flat square head and a broken loop, and also the bow of the “La Tene” fibula illustrated as Fig. 11. There seems to be no record of the finding of these objects, probably they were the produce of flint diggings. The loop at the head of this specimen is a characteristic feature of a considerable number of fibule found in Wiltshire and the adjoining counties, of various types, many of which, however, have the graceful curved and spreading head of “trumpet” shape covering the spiral spring. These looped fibulz were, Dr. Evans tells us, intended to be worn in pairs by the women,! with a chain hanging between them; this seems to have been a specially British fashion, quite opposed to the ordinary Roman usage. “The true British tradition continued to assert itself in the north and west throughout the Roman dominion.” The total number of bow fibule of all kinds figured in the four volumes of Gen. Pitt-Rivers’ Zxcavations in Cranborne Chase, &e.,; ‘A pair still retaining their chain were found at Chorley, Lancs., with coins of Galba and Hadrian. In some cases the smaller ‘‘ La Tene” fibule of the Gaulish interments in the Marne were found united in this way in pairs by chains. 406 Notes on Objects of Late Celtic Character found in Wiltshire. is one hundred and fifteen. Of these three are of the “ La Tene I.” type; ten are formed of one continuous piece of bronze; eight have loops for suspension at the head. Of the objects other than fibule here illustrated, Fig. 25 (slightly larger than the actual size), is a pretty little bronze pendant which has evidently been attached to a ring at the top, and at the bottom has a socket for a stone or amber, or possibly enamel, though it seems too deep for the latter. It was probably the head of a pin or possibly a small harness ornament. Its mouldings are of well- defined “Late Celtic” character, though its date may be of the first or second century A.D. It was found probably on Wilsford Down, and presented to Devizes Museum by Mr. W. P. Hayward. Nothing exactly like it seems to have been found elsewhere. Fig. 261 represents, full size, a very curious little triangular stamp, apparently of brownish earthenware (?), which was found with a number of Roman objects, including a small gold ring, a bronze figure of a cock, and a white metal spoon, on the site of a Roman villa at Brail Wood, Great Bedwyn, in 1853 (Wilts Arch. Mag., vi., 261, 262), and presented to the Society’s Museum by the Rev. W. ©. Lukis. The pattern shows the “ triquetral” design, so characteristic of Celtic art. One corner is slightly broken. The length of the entire side is 12in., with a thickness of about Zin. The illustration itself shows both the mould and the pattern im- pressed by it. Dr. A. J. Evans, to whom a drawing of the mould was submitted some years ago, wrote “I am much interested in the mould. It is certainly “ Late Celtic,” and of the purest kind, and shows the survival of purely native manufactures of almost uncorrupted style within the borders of the Roman provinces, for considering its association it may very well date from the beginning of the Roman period.” The last object illustrated (Fig. 27) is a fragment of a lignite or Kimmeridge shale bracelet, found on the site of a Romano-British 1 For the loan of this block we are indebted to the kindness of the Society of Antiquaries. The stamp is illustrated in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2nd Series, xix., 188. ——————————— rr —“—=—_ND By the Rev. EB. H. Goddard. 407 settlement on Cold Kitchen Hill, near Warminster.! The ornament carved on it is a form of the Greek “ Palmette” so often found in Late Celtic decoration. It is probably of Roman date, but its style is British and not Roman. It is in the Society’s Museum at Devizes. Length 1#in. Sir John Evans, in his Bronze Implements (1881), p. 369, mentions a large bronze pin, 134in. long, found on Salisbury Plain, and now in the British Museum (Proc. Soc Andt., 2nd Series, vol. iii., 469) with a flattened head ornamented on one side with a pattern, which he assigns to the Late Celtic period. In addition to the gentlemen mentioned in the course of the foregoing notes I have also to thank Dr. Blackmore, of Salisbury ; Mr. T. H. George, Curator of the Northampton Museum; Mr. A. G. Wright, of the Colchester Museum; and Mr. T. W. Colyer, of the Reading Museum; for much information and assistance. I have only to add that I should be grateful for any further information as to the occurrence of the types of fibule I have mentioned, and especially as to their occurrence in the County of Wilts. 1See Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvii., 279—291, 408 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. By Maup E. Cunnineton. Being an account of the excavations carried out by B. Howard Cunnington, F.S.A. Scot., during July and August, 1907, THE small earthwork known as Oliver’s Camp lies about two miles to the north of Devizes. It is situate on one of the boldest and most westerly spurs of the chalk escarpment of the North Wiltshire downs, and commands a view over a wide extent of country. To the south extends the long straight escarpment of Salisbury Plain, to the westward the Mendips and the line of low hills stretching away to Bath, a little to the north of which it is said to be possible to catch a glimpse of the Bristol Channel, quite to the north the view is cut off by a neighbouring hill, and to the eastward lie the Marlborough Downs. Scarcely ten miles away across the valley on the edge of Salisbury Plain, is Bratton Camp, and about four iniles to the northward, but shut out from view by an intervening hill, is Oldbury Camp, perhaps the strongest hill fort in Wiltshire.” The camp, about three acres in extent, is on Crown property, and with the permission of the proper authorities and the kind acquiescence of the tenant, Mr. Leonard, excavations were under- taken there this summer (1907) with the object of ascertaining, if 1A portion of this paper was printed in Man for January, 1908, Vol. VIII., No. I., as ‘‘ Notes on Excavations at Oliver’s Camp, near Devizes, Wilts,” with three small plans, two of which are here reproduced by the kindness of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 2The works at Barbury Castle are on all sides equal to the strongest of those at Oldbury and are in a better state of preservation, but the precipitous slopes of Oldbury and the greater natural advantages of the position there, rendered an equal strength of entrenchments on all sides unnecessary. On the whole, therefore, it would seem that these two fortresses must have been of fairly equal strength. ; Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. 409 possible, something of its history. The work was carried on for three weeks, and on an average six men were employed daily under our constant supervision. The earlier antiquaries, who have noticed the site, have generally regarded it as Roman,! but their guesses are of little real value, and no attempt seems ever to have been made before to unearth its history. Nor is there any record of finds in or near the camp which might have helped to identify some of its ancient occupiers.” The site has enjoyed the distinction of being one of the five places in Wessex where Alfred’s great victory over the Danes at the battle of Ethandune may have been fought in A.D. 878. The name of Heddington, the village at the foot of the downs a little to the north of the camp, is regarded as perhaps the modern equivalent of the ancient Ethandune, and Oliver’s Camp itself as 7 possibly the fortress in which the Danes were besieged by Alfred after his victory. A recent writer has contended that Heddington and Oliver’s Camp have a better claim to this honour than either the Edington near Westbury, or that near Hungerford, but it is 1“ Qn the utmost part of Rundway Hill that overlooks the town (Devizes) - there is a square single trenched camp, which seems to point out to us the presence of the Romans in those parts.”—Gibson’s Camden, p. 108. “On Roundway Down is a Roman Campe.”—Aubrey MS. Coll. “Upon the edge of the hill . . . is another pretty little Roman camp of a square form, as if not finished or made but for a small time of abode upon an expedition—for neither vallum nor ditch of great strength ; it is situate . . . on high ground the steepness thereof is a guard to three sides of it, the other has the slender vallum made chiefly of the earth thrown up a little.’—Stukeley’s Antiquities, vol. i., p. 186. “There might have been an exploratory camp of the Romans on this hill.” —Hoare, quoting Cunnington.—Anc. Wilts, North, p. 97-8. “This small earthwork may have been an exploratory post of the Romans; its character appears more Roman than British.’—Dr. Thurnam, Crania Brit., voi. ii., p. 4. * The Rev. A. C. Smith, in his British and Roman Antiq., p. 67, seems to refer to Gough’s edition of Camden as an authority for the discovery of numerous Roman coins, &c., on the site, but Gough clearly means the neighbourhood of Devizes as a whole, and not the neighbourhood only of the camp. 410 Oliver's Camp, Devizes. only fair to add that he sums up against all three and strongly in favour of Edington in Poldens near Bridgwater, Somerset. Certainly no evidence in favour of this site having been the scene of strife between Saxon and Dane was forthcoming during the recent excavations. The modern name of Oliver’s Camp or Castle seems to have arisen out of a popular tradition that Oliver Cromwell occupied, if he did not actually build the camp. The only foundation in fact for this tradition is that the battle of Roundway Down was fought in 1643 on the adjacent downs, when some of the combatants may have been posted close to, if not actually within the boundary of the camp.2, Cromwell himself was not present on the occasion, but the fact that Cromwellian troops fought on the neighbouring downs was quite enough to give rise in the course of time to the popular association of the camp with the name of the great man himself. The more ancient name was Runway, Rundway, Roundaway, or in its modern form, Roundway Castle. It does not seem to have been called Oliver’s Camp much before the early part of the nineteenth century.* Nearly all the early writers speak of the camp as being on Roundway Hill or on Roundway Down, whence presumably its name of Roundway Castle. But it is a curious fact, and one that has given rise to some confusion, that the name of Roundway is not now correctly given either to the hill on which the camp stands, or to the immediately 1“ The Battlefield of Ethandune,” by the Rev. C. W. Whistler. Antiquary, June and July, 1901. «6 As for the neighbouring entrenchment, called Oliver’s Camp, there is no reason to suppose that it was the scene of any transaction during the war.” — Waylen’s Hist. of Devizes, p, 174-5. Aubrey says ‘‘ Sir William Waller encamped his army here when he besieged Sir Ralph Hopton in Devizes. 3**A strong encampment usually called Roundaway Castle.”’—Britton’s Wiltshire, p. 434, 1814. ‘An ancient earthwork popularly called Oliver's Camp.”—Waylen’s Chronicles of Devizes, p. 137, 1889. In 1814 on the first Ordnance Survey Map it is called ‘‘Oliver’s Camp.” On Andrews’ and Dury’s Top. Map of Wilts, 1773, it is marked as ‘‘ Roundaway Castle; in the revised edition of 1810 it is ‘‘ Roundway Castle,” having dropped the ‘‘ a.” In Gough’s Camden, 1810, ‘‘ Roundway Castle.” “4 “| fF 1 By Maud E. Cunnington. 411 neighbouring down, but to the next hill on the southern side and to the down adjacent. Did Aubrey, Gibson, Hoare, Britton, and others all fall into the same error, or has the name been transferred from one locality to the other ? The spur or promontory of the downs on which the camp stands runs nearly east and west, narrowing almost to a point at the western end! The entrenchment consists of a single rampart and ditch and does not enclose the whole promontory, but only about three acres of it at the outermost or western end. The eastern boundary of the camp is formed by an entrenchment thrown across the hill connecting the entrenchments on the northern and southern sides, but leaving the larger portion of the promontory to the eastward open and undefended. The entrenchment follows the line of the hill on the northern and southern sides, but it 1s not carried out quite to the extreme verge of the hill at the western extremity. It cuts across the point from north to south, and the small piece of comparatively level ground thus left unenclosed is oceupied by two Bronze Age barrows. The escarpment of the hill is very steep, and the site is thus rendered naturally a strong one on every side except on that towards the east, where it abuts on the open downs. As might be expected, on this side—left unpro- tected by Nature—the entrenchments are strongest, and although still only composed of a single rampart and ditch, the one is higher and the other is deeper than on any other side. On this weak eastern side it seems as though there ought to be an outer en- trenchment drawn for additional security nearer to the neck of the promontory, and although there is now no visible sign of such entrenchment, it is possible that there may have been one origi- ‘nally. Many years of agricultural operations may have obliterated a low bank and shallow ditch. This supposition seems to be some- what justified by the fact that eastward of the present enclosure there are some slight indications of the former extension of ram- parts on the sides of the hill. 1 It will be seen that the promontory is not quite due east and west, but for brevity’s sake the simple points of the compass are given throughout. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. ODE, : 412 Oliver’s Canvp, Devizes. The interior of the camp is remarkably level, and to a person standing in it no rampart rises perceptibly except just at the corners aud towards the east where the rampart separates it from the open downs. The edge of the hill is secarped round the camp, A. SPRING CALLED"MOTHER ANTHONY'S WELL” B. MODERN DEW POND sss CONTOURSSK BARROWS BEACON HILL ~» \%, BROMHAM DOWN hi “Uy Woe 7 ae “, RBs % Fig. 1. Plan of Camp and surroundings. and this is deeper on the southern than on the northern side. The embankment or slight rampart above the scarping is also higher on the south side, but is so placed on the sloping verge of the plateau that, except at the angles, it scarcely rises above the in- terior level of the camp. On the south side from the top of the embankment to the top of the ditch is 12ft.,and the ditch is 9ft.deep; while on the north side the embankment is 8ft. high and the ditch is 6ft.deep. At the south-east and south-west corners the rampart is somewhat heightened, but the other two corners do not now show any such strengthening The ditch is now entirely filled 1 Aubrey noticed this strengthening at the angles: ‘‘ At the angles the © tumps are higher . . . and bigger than the rest of the rampire.’’ MS. Coll. By Maud E. Cunnington. 413 up, and the site of the ditch forming thus a broad ledge or platform running continuously round the camp serves as a pathway. The plateau is unusually level, and the designers of the camp took advantage of it by placing their entrenchments along its verge on the natural and most effectual line of defence. To this _ a singular exception is made at the western end where, as already mentioned, the entrenchment is not carried out to the extremity of the hill, but cuts across the point, leaving a triangular platform- like ‘piece of land unenclosed. By doing this the strength of the defence on that side was considerably reduced, for not only does it afford a comparatively level foot-hold for an enemy, but the rampart being so far back it was impossible to see from it down the sides of the hill, thus creating what in military parlance is known as “dead” ground. The hill is so steep that there is also much ground on the northern and southern sides that cannot be seen from the top of the ramparts. = - X= DITCH EXCAVATED FOR—F?. ©:= HEARTH SITE > @>= DITCH PROVED, NOT CLEARED reBOTTON H = MODERN DEW-POND /! : = BAR Wy ® eo! iy c Ah UK AS ee inh, 1 “uh, 6 oe KX SS yn HN TL TW my 10 ya eae wlll x10 Fig. 2. Oliver’s Camp, showing the position of the Sections cut. There was apparently one principal or regular entrance into the samp, and that was nearly in the centre of the eastern rampart. 2D2 414 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. Before excavation it was thought that gaps in the rampart at “F” and “F 1” would also prove to be entrances, but as the ditch was found to be continuous at both places, it is perhaps doubtful if they should be regarded as entrances. At the same time it is a curious coincidence, that at Winkelbury Camp, in South Wilts, there are gaps in the ramparts in positions exactly corresponding with those at Oliver’s Camp. General Pitt- Rivers excavated Winkelbury and the site is described in the second volume of his Excavations. He regarded the gap in the rampart corresponding to “F” at Oliver's Camp, as has having formed one of the entrances into the camp, but he made no ex- amination of the spot. The gap in the rampart corresponding to that at “F 1” at Oliver’s Camp he does not appear to have con- sidered as an entrance, but nevertheless the coincidence remains that there are these two corresponding gaps at both camps, and as such it seems scarcely probable that they are merely the result of chance. It would seem, indeed, that the resemblance between these two camps is altogether too remarkable to be entirely acci- dental. They are both on spurs of the down, in situations very similar to each other. Winklebury, it is true, is on a much larger scale, and has two outer entrenchments, but as has already been suggested it is not improbable that at Oliver’s Camp there were originally some outer works. As it appears to-day Oliver’s Camp resembles the inner enclosure of Winklebury; the entrenchment of this inner enclosure, it is true, is slighter than at Oliver’s Camp, but this is accounted for by the greater strength of the outer works of Winklebury. In the section at Oliver’s Camp cut through the gap at F there was no line of old turf visible as everywhere else beneath the rampart, and except for the presence of the ditch there was nothing to disprove the existence of an entrance at this spot as part of the original design of the camp. It must have been in many ways inconvenient to have had only one way of getting into and out of the camp, and it is therefore suggested with all diffidence that there were entrances at these points, and that the ditch was probably bridged by some arrange- ment of planks thrown across it which could in times of danger be easily removed. By Maud E. Cunnington. 415 The relics found throughout the excavations were few in number and fragmentary. They did not include a single coin, only one nondescript piece of bronze, two or three ambiguous pieces of iron, and exclusive of one large pot found broken into many fragments, perhaps a hundred potsherds. This scarcity of remains, together with the absence of pit-dwellings, or other discoverable signs of permanent habitation in the camp, should perhaps be regarded as evidence that the site could not have been occupied in any ordinary way by a number of people for any length of time. The reason for this may be that only a short time elapsed be- tween the making of the camp and its abandonment, either volun- tarily, or by force of conquest. Or it may be that it was never intended for permanent occupation, that it was not a dwelling- place, but a“ city of refuge,” a stronghold to fly to in times of stress and danger.’ Its bleak and exposed position and the absence of any water supply makes this the more probable. This absence of water may almost be said to be a characteristic of what appear to be pre-Roman hill forts. Speaking of similar sites in general, and of Winklebury in particular, General Pitt-Rivers says that there ‘are three possible explanations of the absence of water in camps. Firstly, that water was fetched from outside; secondly, that there were wells which have been filled up and not since discovered ; thirdly, that the springs were higher in prehistoric times and nearer to the camps than at present. The first alternative, General Pitt- Rivers goes on to say, if the people were liable to siege, would be both difficult and dangerous, but, that having regard to the habits . of uncivilised people generally, a systematic and sustained siege was improbable.? The water level seems to have been undoubtedly 1«« Wherever we find such isolated encampments on the tops of hills in ehistoric times, we may be sure that they were simply places of refuge foy some local tribe, inhabiting the vicinity, to which they resorted when attacked by a neighbouring tribe. They imply a low state of civilisation before the inhabitants of any large district had attained to such organization as was necessary for combined defence.” Pitt-Rivers, Hxcavations, vol. III., p. 7. *“Tt is probable that warfare in those days consisted of raids between neighbouring tribes and that the defenders carried in with them such a supply of water as they might require during a short attack, never exceeding a day two. Pitt-Rivers, Fxcavations, vol. II., p. 237—8, 416 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. { higher in prehistoric times than at present, but, even so, any spring must have been some little distance from the enclosure of — Oliver’s Camp. The nearest spring to the camp is now some three or four hundred yards away at. the foot of the hill. It is called “Mother Anthony’s Well,” and is said even in the hottest summers to be an unfailing source of supply. Five hearth sites were found during the excavations, three beneath the ramparts and two in the interior of the camp. The sherds of coarse pottery found in three of them are of the Bronze Age type, but the impressed finger nail ornament on that from the centre of the camp, whilst of common occurrence in that period, seems to be found also on pottery of a later date. The fact that three out of the five hearths were actually under the — ramparts, make it at least probable that they are all older than the camp. These hearths are perhaps evidence of the occupation. of the site during the Bronze Age, and before it was fortified. In_ this connection it is interesting to remember the presence of the rf two Bronze Age barrows just outside the entrenchment at the — western extremity of the hill. “4 In the light of the very imperfect and scanty knowledge which we as yet have of British earthworks in general, it is difficult to arrive at any definite conclusion as to the probable age and origin - of one in particular. Excepting those of purely Roman origin, — little is known with any certainty of even the general character- istics which distinguish the earthworks of successive peoples. But it will probably be by the details of the work rather than in general outline that the earthworks of the different races will — eventually be recognised, and it is of these details that we are at present most ignorant. For instance, there seems to be no record — of any excavation of an entrance of what appears to bea pre-Roman ~ camp. The entrances at Winkelbury were not examined. This, in relation to Oliver’s Camp, is particularly unfortunate, for, as already mentioned, Winkelbury—though on a larger scale—in ~ that it seems almost certain that whatever race designed and S| built the one must have built the other also. It is, therefore, — By Maud E, Cunnington. 417 doubly unfortunate that it is unknown whether the likeness in _ the corresponding entrances is carried out in detail! The features of the entrance discovered at Oliver’s Camp may be as character- istic of one type of camp, and of one race and period, as certain well-known types of pottery and styles of ornament are charac- teristic of the period in which they were made. Thus it is not possible at present to draw much inference as to date from the structural features of camps, and the character of the relics are at present necessarily almost the only clue to their age, and it is probably by the character of the relics which are to be found in association with typical sites that some day their classification with regard to age will become possible. General Pitt-Rivers has said that the chances of finding objects of rarity in the body of a rampart are very remote’; he might well have added that the chance of finding any relics at all is not great. For this reason the evidence gathered from a single site must often be inconclusive, and it is only an accumulation of corroborative evidence from many sites which can lead eventually to clear and certain results. Meanwhile it is necessary, of course, to weigh the evidence of each site independently, and to try to arrive at some conclusion on its merits alone. It. is right, therefore, even at the risk of some _ day being proved wrong, to state the conclusions to which we have come as a result of the work at Oliver’s Camp, and as far as possible the reasons on which these conclusions are based. Briefly stated they are as follows. Nothing that can be recog- nised as Roman was found in the ramparts, in the lower silting of the ditches, or in any of the deeper excavations. It is true that _a small piece of Samian ware was found eighteen inches below the ‘ erest of the rampart, at Section A, but the value of this discovery was negatived by the finding of a modern guinea weight just one 1! The entrance into the inner enclosure at Winkelbury is in the centre of the rampart in a position corresponding to that of the main entrance at Oliver’s Camp. 2 Vol. III., p. ix. 418 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. foot below it at the same spot.! The deepest find of Roman remains in the silting of any of the ditches, except the great eastern ditch, where the conditions were exceptional, were the two fragments of Samian in the southern ditch at depths respectively of 2ft. 6in. and 2ft. 9in. In the deep eastern ditch, which, as: described below, has the appearance of having been purposely filled in, sherds of pottery that are undoubtedly Roman formed the majority of the relics down to a certain depth in the ditch, but below this depth, marked off by a dark seam, not a fragment of Roman pottery was found, although in the 30ft. section there was a fair average quantity of other pottery. Beneath the ramparts, in the deeper silting of the ditches, and at the bottom of one of the holes at the entrance, pottery was found which. is of a Late Celtic type. It is, of course, very difficult to be sure that pottery of a Late Celtic type was not made in the Roman period, and it is only in the absence of un- doubted Roman relics that it can safely be looked upon as of pre- Roman date. In the ramparts and in the deeper ditches at Oliver’s Camp this condition was entirely fulfilled. There is certainly nothing in the structure or arrangement of the camp to lend weight to the supposition that it is of purely Roman origin; and with pottery of a pre-Roman type in the ramparts, and in the lower excavations with Roman pottery above it, the consideration of a post-Roman date may, we think, be safely dismissed. It seems, therefore, that there is a reasonable weight of evidence to justify the conclusion that the camp is of pre-Roman date, and to show that the ditches had already become much silted up before that people had arrived upon the scene. Having come to the conclusion that the camp is of pre-Roman date, what is there to show to which pre-Roman period it probably belongs? In addition to evidence of pottery found in the ditches 1 Coins, small pieces of pottery, &c., could easily get into the ground even deeper than these by means of sun cracks. On this soil the ground cracks so much as to be a well-known source of danger to young partridges, &c., which sometimes fall into cracks 2ft. deep and are unable to get out again. By Maud E. Cunnington. 419 in favour of the camp being of more recent date than the Bronze Age, two sherds of pottery which have been pronounced to be of Late Celtic type, were found beneath the rampart, one on the old surface level, the other in the turf which had been thrown up with the rampart. It is scarcely possible that a rampart can be older than remains which are contained in it, in such positions as these, and if this pottery is more recent than the Bronze Age, the rampart must be also. As the evidence on the one hand seems to show that the camp is pre-Roman, and on the other hand that it is post-Bronze Age, it would seem, therefore, that it is in all probability the work of the Late Celtic people of the Early Iron Age. The exploration of earthworks has been neglected in the past far more than their intrinsic interest has deserved. Some of the reasons for this neglect are obvious enough. The chances are, that, from the relic hunter’s point of view, the results will be dis- appointing; ramparts are apt to be unproductive, and searching for scanty fragments in the silt of ditches is often dull work, and much time and labour may be expended without any very tangible results. It is so much quicker and simpler to explore a barrow, that it is little wonder that our knowledge of barrows is compara- tively ample, while of earthworks it is still so meagre. As the contents of many barrows had to be recorded before much light was thrown upon their history, so the examination of many earthworks is needed to help interpret the history of one. It is hoped, therefore, that though the work at Oliver’s Camp may not have resulted in any very tangible or considerable addition to our knowledge of earthworks in general, the little that has been. _ gleaned may be of value in so far as it helps towards this common end. THE ENTRANCE. What we will call the main entrance in the centre of the eastern rampart, proved to be the most interesting structural feature brought to light at the camp. 420 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. It will be seen that the ends of the rampart slightly flank one another, and that the roadway, as defined by the termination of the ditch on either side, enters the camp obliquely. The space between the two ends of the ditch is 26ft. wide. No trace could be detected here or elsewhere, of a paved or made roadway. The two ends of the rampart in the course of centuries had slipped inwards and had overlapped the roadway, as indicated on the plan by a dotted line. When the debris thus accumulated had been removed, the original outline of the ramparts could be fairly well traced, and four remarkable holes or pits were discovered, two on either side, at the base of the ramparts. The outer left-hand pit (No. 2 on plan) was oval with a diameter of 3ft. one way and 4ft. the other; the remaining three were circular with a diameter of 3ft. and an average depth of 3ft. Measured from their centres the inner and outer pits on either side of the entrance were 73ft. apart, the width of the entrance, from centre to centre of the pits, being 13ft. They had been excavated out of the solid chalk with well and evenly cut sides. They had become entirely filled with loose chalk from the decay of the ramparts, and as this loose material readily came away from the smooth compact sides of the undisturbed chalk there was no difficulty in ascertaining their original size and shape. From their position, in relation both to each other and to the rampart, it seems clear that these pits must have had some purpose in connection with the gateway or barri- cades of the entrance. It has been objected that the pits are too large for mere gatepost holes, but, if they were designed to support untrimmed tree trunks, their size is not excessive. A few frag- ments of wood were actually found in pit No. 1; that no trace of wood could be detected in either of the other three is of little importance, as wood is sometimes known to disappear in chalk without leaving any visible trace behind. The two small holes marked as “post holes” may or may not have had some purpose in connection with the barricades. A hole similar in size and shape was found under the rampart at Section “DP.” Fie ab haaa <4 ae > Ss E ant hy q pts Ney © tad Luvdlivy ee | { : “srowisad | i Hi | . A Lid . IVT | Ty By Maud E. Cunnington. 421 found in the bottom of Pit 1, and a piece of similar ware was found on top of the same pit. TRENCHES IN THE INTERIOR OF THE CAMP. The interior of the camp was trenched over in the hope of finding pit-dwellings or other signs of occupation. In all forty-six trenches were cut, varying in size from. 4ft. by 2ft. to 40ft. by 20ft., wherever there seemed a likelihood of finding traces of habitation. Except for the discovery of two hearth sites, however, no traces of habitations could be found, and in many of the trenches not even a worked flint turned up to reward the labour of cutting them. There was a considerable accumulation of soil, sometimes as much as 3ft. in depth, in the north-east, south-east, and south-west corners, and the trenches in these corners were rather less barren than those in the centre and sides of the camp. Anyone who reads this account of the remains found in the interior of the camp must be struck by their extreme paucity.. It is, indeed, difficult to understand how the camp could have been occupied for any length of time and betray such little evidence of it. With the apparent exception of a piece of tile, and a very small piece of thin red Roman ware, as to which the exact position where it was found is not known, all of the remains from the interior of the camp might quite as well be of pre-Roman as of Romano-British date. Only fragments of pottery were found, and, invaluable as pottery is as a guide to date, it must be re- membered that it is only safe up to a certain point ; and that while . there is evidence that pottery was not made on a wheel in Britain during the Bronze Age, and that certain types were not known before the Roman period, it is very uncertain how long the older types persisted beside the newer. There can be no reasonable doubt that the same type of pottery went. on being made in Britain for long after the Roman conquest as had been made before it, just as native Indian pottery is made in India to-day. It is only in association, or in a large series, that it is safe to feel any kind of certainty as to the actual date of the types which are thus necessarily common to both periods. 422 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. Retics Founp. Fourteen sherds of coarse pottery of Bronze Age type, scattered from the top to the bottom of the accumulated soil in the trench at the south-east corner. One piece of red Roman ware, depth unknown. South-east corner. Three sherds (the largest 2in. x 14in.) of thin red ware orna- mented with parallel grooves: Romano-British? North-west corner, Part of a heavy curved rim of grey ware, probably wheel-turned : Romano-British or Late Celtic? North-west corner. What appears to be a fragment of a grooved Roman tile, 2in. x 1jin. 18in. below the surface from trench in west end of camp. Fragment of rim of close-grained ware, 1jin. x gin: Romano- British or Late Celtic? 8in. below surface from trench through — the entrance. One black, one reddish, and one grey fragment of pottery. They appear to be wheel-turned. Romano-British or Late Celtic ? 18in. below the surface in trench in south-west corner. Thirteen fragments of grey pottery found from 1ft. to 2ft. deep in trench in south-west corner. Too small and nondescript to identify. Six very small sherds, found from 1ft. to 2ft. deep in trench in south-west corner. Too indefinite to be of any value. Six fragments of pottery, red on the outer and grey on the inner side, the largest 14in x 14in. All belong to one pot, ornamented with typical Bronze Age herring-bone pattern. ft. 10in. deep in trench near north rampart. In one of the trenches on the north-east side of the camp a hearth site was discovered resembling those found under the rampart in sections “A” and “B.” It consisted of a circular hollow in the chalk with a diameter of 2ft., and 1ft. deep. It was filled with charcoal, amongst which were some small splinters of bone, some burnt flints, and sherds of coarse grey pottery: of Bronze Age type. Strewn round the hearth were some fifty rough flint chips and flakes; one perfect and one broken Sarsen muller; and By Maud E. Cunnington. 423 a small piece of iron sandstone. It would seem that a flint knapper must have worked beside this fire, scattering round him broken and useless flints, and finally leaving behind him his worthless tools, the remnants of his meal, and broken cooking pot. A similar but smaller hearth was found in the centre of the camp; it was 18in. in diameter and Qin. deep. In this hearth with the charcoal there were several large pieces of coarse brownish pottery with an impressed finger-nail ornament, some burnt flints, some charred shells of hazel nuts and a small piece of iron sand- stone. On the edge of the hearth was an irregularly shaped piece of sarsen stone, 94in. x 44in. Scattered round were a few flint chips and one well worked round scraper. It is a little curious that pieces of iron sandstone should have been found in both these hearths. A piece of similar stone was also found 9ft. deep in the eastern ditch in Section “ C.” SEcTION oF DitcH To NortTH oF ENTRANCE. Fig. 4. Section of East Ditch, North of Entrance. A. Undisturbed Chalk. E. Surface Soil. F, Filling in. G. Dark line. C. Silt. H. Large lumps of Chalk. 424 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. The ditch was cleared out from its termination on the northern side of the entrance for a distance of 30ft. This work alone occupied a whole week, with four and sometimes five men em- ployed, the depth of the ditch adding very much to the labour of clearing it. The original depth of the ditch was from 13ft. to 14ft. It had become filled up to a height of 11ft. to 114ft. It was from 18ft. to 20ft. wide at the top and from 2ft. to 3ft. wide at the bottom. _ The ditch grew slightly narrower aud was rounded off at its termination, where the sides were perpendicular. From this rounded end, as it extended northwards along the outer edge of the rampart, it developed ledges along its sides, and it was not cut with the same regularity that appeared in the section at “C.” The filling-in of this eastern ditch, both here and at section “ C,” showed the same peculiar and unusual features. The numerous ditch sections illustrated and described by General Pitt-Rivers in his four volumes of Hacavations show nothing similar to it. For the first 5ft. from the bottom upwards the filling-in consisted of the usual chalky silt, intermingled—specially near the bottom— with large lumps of chalk such as the rampart is built of, and which no doubt rolled off into the ditch before the rampart had become coated with turf. Above this chalky silt, and about 1ft. in thickness, was a very distinct dark band of tenacious clayey material, full of snail shells, and having the appearance of an old surface. From immediately above this dark seam the ditch was filled in with a loose gravelly chalk rubble, of the same character throughout, right up to the present turf. The only reasonable explanation of these unusual features seems to be that the upper portion of the ditch must at some period have been purposely filled in. In the first place it is difficult to see how such a large accumulation of material could have found its way into this ditch by natural causes alone, and secondly, why there should have been a pause in this natural process long enough to account for the dark seam with the snail shells. The chalky 1The alternative figures allow for variation in measurement at different points. By Maud E. Cunnington. 425 silt up to the dark seam is quite clearly the result of weathering from the slope of the rampart and from the sides of the ditch itself. Until the rampart had become covered with turf, and while the ditch continued to expose bare chalk sides to the weather, this silting process would necessarily be rapid, but when once this process had so far come to an end as to allow the top of the silt in the ditch to grow a thick‘turf line, the silting into the ditch must have been very slow and very slight. Why should it have begun again suddenly, and where could the material have come from? On one side the ditch is bounded by the rampart, which is composed entirely of large lumps of chalk, quite unlike the fine gravelly rubble in the upper portion of the ditch; on the outer side the land slopes gently away from, not towards, the ditch, so that the tendency to silt in from that side must always have been very slight. In the uppermost mixed and earthy silting in all the other ditch sections there were numbers of snail shells dispersed through it. In this eastern ditch the distinct dark seam was indeed full of snail shells, but in the rubble above, until the surface turf was reached, there were none. If this rubble had accumulated slowly, like that of the silt of the other ditches, why are there no snail shells in it as there are in them ? . Roman remains, and nothing of a later date, were found throughout this rubble, and nothing Roman was found below the dark seam. The explorers of Worlbury, that great pre-Roman stronghold on the Bristol Channel, came to the conclusion that the bulwarks there had been overthrown, and the ditches as far as possible filled up after the place was taken by assault by the Romans. May not in some degree a similar fate have overtaken this Wiltshire stronghold? This eastern side is the weak one of the camp, and if the defences on this side were destroyed the rest would be of no avail. Perhaps this is why the ditches on the other sides show only natural silting-in. A less romantic but on the whole much more probable reason for the filling in of the ditch is that a large open ditch such as this, even in its partly silted-wp state, would have been a constant 426 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. source of danger to cattle, for they would be very liable to fall into it, especially young cattle, if stampeding when frightened or excited. Whoever owned many cattle on these downs may have found that in the long run it was cheaper to fill the ditch in than to leave it open, and possibly the people who lived at the Roman settlement at the foot of the hill may have done this for the safety of their herds. The ditches on the other sides, then already partly silted up, would have been scarcely deep enough to be dangerous. For whatever reason the ditch was obliterated it is curious that the rampart was not destroyed to fill it. It has been suggested that, after the camp was given up as a military stronghold, the enclosure may have been found useful for herding cattle, or for other purposes, and that the rampart, probably then stockaded, was retained for this reason. RELICS FROM THE DITCH. In the 1st foot below the turf :—Fragment of deer’s horn. Six small sherds of pottery, indefinite: Romano- British ? 2nd_ ditto:—One small sherd of thin red pottery : Romano- British. Piece of clear greenish glass, per- haps part of the base of a square glass bottle: probably Roman. 3rd_ ditto :—Four small sherds of thin red ware, the largest 1din. x lin.: Romano-British. Two sherds of brownish ware: Romano-British. 4th ditto:—Three small sherds of thin red pottery, the largest 1jin. x 3in.: Romano-British. One small sherd of grey ware: Romano-British. » Ddth ditto:—Two small sherds of thin red ware: Romano- British. One sherd of pottery, red outside and grey on the inside: Romano- British. Three small sherds of the par- ticular type of pottery met with elsewhere at QOliver’s Camp: of Late Celtic type. . » ”» ”? By Maud E. Cunnington. 427 This pottery appears to be often hand- made, and when not too weathered always shows a tooled surface, and is often striated. This striated and tooled surface is generally recognised as typical of much of the Late Celtic pottery. The pottery found at the camp is sometimes red all through, at others grey on the inner side. The clay is gene- rally mixed with fine grains of quartz sand, sometimes with larger grains of quartz. It is interesting to find it for the first time in this ditch at a depth of over dft., and in association with undoubted Roman ware. One sherd of fine black wheel-turned pot- tery, 2 x 1} in.: of Late Celtic type. Two small sherds, much weathered and indefi- nite in character. Fragment of the base of a vessel of black well made wheel-turned pottery, much striated on the surface. Mr. H. St.George Gray, to whom this piece was submitted, says “The piece of black pottery is, | think I may say, undoubtedly Late Celtic.” Fragment of red ware: Romano- British. An iron staple 1fin. x 1}in. The points are very blunt but they do not seem to have been broken. The only piece of metal found in this length of the ditch: Roman ? All these relics in the 5th foot were in or on the dark seam as described above. Below this there was no trace of Roman pottery. In the 6th foot below the turf :—Nothing was found in this foot. » ‘7th ditto:—A pig’s tooth. Two sherds of pottery of the same type as that described above, as \- occurring on this site. The larger is VOL, XXXV.—NO. CIX. 25 428 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. 23in. x 1fin. It is red on the outer and grey on the inner surface, fine in texture, and has a tooled surface: Late Celtic. In the 8th foot below the turf:—Eight sherds of pottery, the largest 14in. x 1din.: too indefinite to be of value. Three teeth of sheep, and a splinter of bone — 24in. in length that appears to have been polished. » 9th ditto:—Four small fragments of pottery of the camp type. , 10th ditto:—Three very small and indefinite sherds of pot- tery. Four sherds of pottery, important because they were found absolutely on the very bottom of the ditch. Three of the pieces certainly formed a part of the same vessel, and are of the camp type; the fourth is very small and indefinite. Mr. H. St. George Gray, to whom the three larger fragments were submitted, says “There is little or nothing to differentiate such frag- ments as between the Late Celtic period and the Romano-British period. They are striated, and if they were found in associa- tion with, or at the same level as, the black piece, I should certainly be inclined to re- gard them as Late Celtic.” The black piece to which Mr. Gray refers is that found. in the 5th foot of the ditch. It will be noticed that the sherds were found below the black piece, and 5ft. deeper than the deepest of the Romano-British pottery. By Maud E. Cunnington. 429 Section A.—6ft. wide through Rampart and Ditch. ) f iia (| fet (. Aa Sear bake iyi Bs Fig. 5.—Section A of Rampart and Ditch. Undisturbed Chalk. Surface Soil. Chalk forming Rampart. Ancient Turf lines. Mixed Silting. Chalky Silting. Position of Hearth site. HOH OH BP The height of the rampart at this spot from its crest to the top of the old turf was 6ft., or, allowing for the extra thickness of the old turf in this section, 7ft. The seam of decayed turf on the old surface was here much thicker than at any other point, and two seams of turf ascended from it into the body of the rampart in two horn-like projections. It was thought at first that these seams of decayed turf were evidence that the rampart had been added to ‘at various dates, and the appearance of a similar seam in Section “C” seemed strongly to confirm this supposition. It also appeared significant that relics were found in the seams of turf and nowhere else in the body of the rampart. If these seams of turf represented old surfaces which had accumulated between the periods when additions had been made to the rampart, the earlier and later rampart would very probably have been found to be the work of successive races. This point had, therefore, altogether too 2B 2 ‘ 430 Oliver's Camp, Devizes. important a bearing upon the history of the camp to allow it to remain in any doubt, and for this reason it was thought necessary to cut other sections through the rampart at “B” and “D.” In neither of these latter sections was there any appearance of de- cayed turf or mould except on the old surface, and it appeared quite clear that the building had been done with regularity all at one time. It is not difficult to account for the occasional presence of seams of turf and mould in the body of ramparts which are obviously composed of material excavated out of the ditches. General Pitt- Rivers noted similar seams of dark mould in the sections that he cut through the Wansdyke. He says of them “the dark seam appeared to have been caused either by heaping up turf cut from the ditch or by deposit of surface mould thrown up undesignedly during the original construction of the rampart.”' He goes on to say that pottery and other relics are almost invariably found in the dark seams, and suggests that it is because they were acci- dentally picked up with the surface material in which they were already contained. An interesting discovery was that of an ancient hearth site almost directly under the apex of the rampart, in and partly below the line of the old soil. The hearth consisted of a roughly circular hole 18in. in diameter, which had been scooped out through the old turf down into the chalk beneath to a depth of 8in. It had evidently been the site of many fires, and was still full of charcoal amongst which were three small sherds of coarse red pottery, some charred bone, the core of a horn, probably that of an ox, and fragments of teeth. One flint flake was actually in the hearth, and several flakes and rough pieces of flint were scattered in the soil round it. The pottery is of Bronze Age type. A small piece of Samian ware no larger than a sixpenny piece and a guinea weight were the only relics found in the body of the rampart. The Samian was 14ft. below the surface at the crest, and the guinea weight was immediately below the 'Vol. III, p. 252. By Maud E. Cunnington. 431 -Samian, at a depth of 2}ft. from the surface. Under these cir- cumstances it is not possible to attach any importance to the presence of this piece of Roman pottery in the body of the rampart. The ditch at this point was 9}ft. deep and 14ft. wide. For the first 5ft. or 6ft. from the bottom it was filled up with a pure fine chalk silt, and above that to the surface with an earthy mixed silting in which there were many snail shells. At a depth of 3ft. a piece of chert was found, and 6in. lower down an iron object of unknown use. The piece of chert has a mammillated surface and is perhaps from the Upper Green Sand. Its flat surface is polished, and it appears to have been used as a rubber, while the edges show signs of use as a hammer. | Fig. 6. Iron object of unknown use, 4. Section B.—6ft. wide through Rampart only. The rampart was here 5ft. 3in. high. As explained in reference to Section A this cutting was made in order to see if it would afford any evidence of the rampart having been built at two periods. The section afforded no such evidence, its appearance being per- fectly uniform throughout, with a well-defined old surface line. A few fractured flints were found in the surface soil, but nothing in the body of the rampart until the old turf line was reached. The discovery in this of two ancient hearth sites alone repaid the time and labour expended on the section. These two hearths 432 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes, were 4ft. apart and similar in character to that at Section A. The smaller of the two was 14in. in diameter and scarcely extended into the chalk below the old soil. It was full of charcoal amongst which were a few splinters of flint. The larger hearth had a diameter of 2ft. and was hollowed out to a depth of 1ft. in the chalk below the old soil. Whether the hollow was made on purpose to hold the fire, or was merely the result of continuous fires on the same spot, destroying the soil and gradually forming a hollow, is uncertain. The charcoal was carefully sifted and seven small sherds of coarse reddish pottery, some burnt flints, and one small splinter of bone were found. Several small sherds of similar pottery, some twenty flint flakes, and other rough pieces of flint, and two fragments of bone, were scattered round about the hearth. Mr. H. St. George Gray, who kindly identified this pottery, des- cribes it as “Coarse British pottery containing large grains of quartz of Bronze Age type, but found occasionally in later periods.” SECTION C.—6ft. wide through Rampart and Ditch. th Feet IN 22 eae AE LE Fig. 7. Section C, through Rampart and Ditch. Undisturbed Chalk. Surface soil. Chalk forming Rampart. Ancient Turf lines. Filling-in. Silt. Qa ye BP Height of rampart, 6ft. The most interesting feature in the By Maud £, Cunnington. 433 rampart at this section was the seam of decayed turf which ex- tended from the old turf line right up to the surface. This seam was so very regular and of such uniform thickness that the turf must have been used with method in building the rampart. It must have taxed the ingenuity and skill of the builders to keep the rampart up at the required angle, and from slipping and spreading at the base, and this would be especially difficult as the rampart is built almost entirely of irregular lumps of chalk. Layers of turf would help to steady and to bind this loose ma- terial together, and it is highly probable that all the available turf from the surface of the ditch was used for this purpose, thus ac- counting for its being met with in regular strata at intervals in the rampart. Under the centre of the rampart there was a gap of about 18in. in the continuity of the old turf; a considerable sod must have _ been removed from this spot before the rampart was made, but for what purpose it is useless to conjecture. The following finds were made :— _ A fragment of iron 3in. x #in., 2ft. below the surface in seam of turf. This piece of iron is, perhaps, a part of a blade of a knife. Part of the jaw of a fox or small dog, 2ft. 6in. below the sur- face in seam of turf. Part of the base of a pot, 3ft. 3in. below the surface in the seam of turf, of thin reddish ware, the surface much weathered, probably wheel-turned, size 2in. x 1Zin. Only two fragments of pottery, which appear to be superior to that of the Bronze Age, were found in the body of the rampart, and this is one of them; insignificant as it appears it is, therefore, one of the most important of the “ finds.” Mr. St. George Gray, to whom it was submitted, says that it is “probably whee] turned,” and that it is of either Romano-British or Late Celtic manufacture. A fragment of rim, 14in. x 13in., found 4ft. below the turf on the old surface level. This is the second fragment of pottery found under the rampart of post-Bronze Age type. 434 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. It is of fine paste, tooled on the surface, and is of Late Celtic type. One small sherd of black, and four small sherds of red pottery, found on the old surface level: of Bronze Age type, but possibly of later date. Seven flint flakes, one calcined flint, and a splinter of bone also on the old surface. The ditch at this point had been dug originally to a depth of 14ft., and had become filled up 11}ft.; it measured 22ft. in width at the top and 4ft. at the bottom, with a slope on the outer side of 41 degrees. The peculiar features of the filling-in of this ditch were the same in character as those shown in the continuation of the ditch on the north side of the entrance, and described above (Fig. 4). Whether the upper rubble filling-in of this ditch was thrown in purposely, or only came there through the slow processes of Nature, it is, in any case, a fact that only Roman remains were found scattered from the top to the bottom of the rubble; no later relics were mingled with the Roman, and nothing Roman was found below it. Red Roman ware of precisely the same kind was found from 18in. to 6ft. deep. It is true that very little of any kind was found below the rubble in this section, but, in the longer section at the entrance, where pottery was found below this depth, none of it was of Roman make, whilst Roman pottery predominated in the rubble in both sections, RELICS FOUND IN THE DITCH. In the 1st foot below the turf :—Fragment of glass, much oxidized ; piece of sarsen; and a few flint chips. » Qnd,, ditto:—A few flint chips; two sherds of thin red pottery, much weathered: Romano-British. A sarsen muller; a flat piece of sandstone, 2hin, x 23in—it has grooves worn on one surface and appears to have been used as a sharpener. » 93rd ,, ditto:—Three small much weathered sherds of grey By Maud E£. Cunnington. 435 pottery; one small sherd of red Romano- British pottery. In the 4th foot below the turf :—Five flint flakes ; one small sherd of Romano-British pottery ; one sherd of Samian ware. . 5th ,, ditto:—Several flint chips and one rather poor ex- ample of a round flint scraper. » 6th ,, ditto -_—A sarsen muller; a piece of rough sarsen ; several flint chips; and one good round scraper; a flat piece of sandstone identical in character with the sharpener described above; two sheep’s teeth; some much de- cayed bone, including a part of a shoulder, probably that of an ox—these bones lay among a considerable quantity of charcoal ; a fragment of iron that may have been a part of a blade of a knife, lin. x }in.; five sherds of grey and some twenty sherds of fine thin red Romano-British pottery ; one small sherd of Samian ware ; numerous snail shells. 9th ,, ditto:—Fragment of thin bronze, }in. x Sin. ; small lump of iron sandstone a little less than an ounce in weight—it is identical in character with the pieces of sandstone found in the two hearth sites. ” Section D.—Through Rampart only, 4ft. wide. Height of rampart, 5ft. 9in. As explained under Section A. this section was made in order to see if it would afford any evidence of the rampart having been built at different dates. The appear- ance of the rampart was perfectly regular and showed no sign of ever having been added to; the old surface line was well defined. The only feature of interest was a basin-shaped hole 1ft. 8in. in diameter and 18in. in depth, below the old surface line, directly under the crest of the rampart. No charcoal or decayed wood 436 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. could be detected in the hole, which was filled with loose chalk. It must have been dug a long time before the rampart was made, or else the turf removed to dig the hole had been replaced, for there was no gap in the old turf line above the hole. No relics were found in this section. Section E.—Through Rampart and Ditch, 4ft. wide. Fig. 8. Section E, through Rampart and Ditch. Undisturbed Chalk. Fragments of Chalk. Chalk Silting. Fragments of Chalk. Surface Soil. HOOP The rampart at this point was 1ft. 10in. in height above the old surface, the line of which was well defined. No relics were found. The ditch had been originally 7ft. deep and was filled up to a depth of 5ft. 6in. FINDS IN THE DITCH. One flint flake and two small indefinite sherds of pottery: 1ft. deep. Two fragments of the rim and other sherds, all belonging to one vessel, of close-grained heavy black ware: at a depth of 18in. Mr. H. St. George Gray, to whom they were submitted, says that this form of rim is common in Late Celtic pottery, but, as Romano-British pottery was found below it, it must in this case be regarded as of Romano-British date. Two small sherds of red pottery, Romano-British: 2ft. deep. Section F.—Through Ditch and Bank, 4ft. wide. It was thought that there might have been an entrance into the By Maud E. Cunnington. 437 camp at this spot as there was a distinct gap in the rampart. But, the fact that the ditch is continuous on the outside makes this impossible, unless some kind of bridge was thrown across it. The cutting was continued from the ditch through the gap into the interior of the camp in the hope of finding out if the rampart had ever been continuous. There was no old surface line to be seen, as there was in all the other sections beneath the rampart, and as there was only a few yards away, at “ H,” where it was very clearly marked. Thus, except for the presence of the ditch, on the whole appearances were rather in favour of there having been an entrance here. The rampart is very slight along this western side, and it was suggested that its obliteration at this point might be the result of the growth and subsequent falling away of trees, but this is doubtful. No relics were found in the section through the bank. : The southernmost of the two barrows is so close to the entrench- ment that its fringe actually borders the ditch at this spot, and the section was carried on from the ditch into and through the barrow. The section thus made shows that the ditch must have been made after the barrow was built, but probably before it was partially levelled. The ditch here was barely 4ft. deep—shallower than in any other section. If it is correct that the barrow was levelled after the ditch was dug, this may account for the shallowness of the ditch, for if the mound were higher the ditch would then neces- sarily appear deeper. From lft. to 2ft. deep in the ditch there were :—two round flint scrapers and a flint flake; two sherds of grey pottery ; and seven sherds of thin red Romano-British ware. SECTION G. The hill is scarped further down the slope on this side than on the north, and the embankment or rampart on top of the scarping is higher than a casual inspection would suggest. The scarped or sloping bank from the top of the ditch to where it meets the rampart has been cut back in steps (see diagram) the object of these steps 438 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. being probably to keep the bank at this steep angle from slipping and consequently filling up the ditch. No relics were found in the embankment. The section was continued down the scarp and through the ditch. The ditch was 9ft. wide, and had become filled up quite to the top, but did not show any signs of having been purposely filled in, as did the eastern ditch. The great depth of the silting in this ditch is probably due to the large extent of steep chalk bank exposed immediately behind it, which must have weathered very rapidly before the turf grew over it. The turf and surface soil was unusually thick (18in.); under this for the next, 18in. to 2ft. the silt was of a mixed earthy nature with numerous snail shells, and below this it was entirely of chalk. Fig. 9. Section G. Undisturbed Chalk. Surface Soil. Chalk forming Rampart Ancient Turf line. Mixed Silting. Chalky Silting. Position of large red pot. SOHO HP RELICS IN THE DITCH. One small sherd of grey and one of thin red well-baked pottery, the latter of unmistakeable Roman character: lft. Two fragments of Samian ware: at depths respectively of 2ft. 6in. and 2ft. Yin. By Maud E. Cunnington. 439 A number of fragments of a large vessel of thick red pottery. The pottery must have been thrown into the ditch already in pieces, for it was scattered over a space 6ft. in length, some of the pieces overlying each other three and four deep. Only about half of the vessel seems to have been there, and so much of the sides are missing that neither its height nor its exact shape can be ascertained. But it must have been a large wide-mouthed, probably rather shallow, pan, somewhat re- sembling a modern bread-pan. The diameter at the rim was 1ft. 9in.; at the base, 94in.; and the curving rim is 1}in. deep. In the thickest parts, near the base, the pottery is lin. thick, and in the thinnest part, below the rim, }in. There is no sign of any bored holes, of a shoulder, or of any kind of orna- ment. The ware is well baked, red all through, and contains much quartz sand. The exterior shows a tooled and polished surface, and is in places blackened. Pieces of it were sent to the Corporation Museum at Colchester for comparison with the splendid series of Late Celtic pottery there, and Mr. A. G. Wright, the Curator of the Museum, has very kindly reported as follows :—‘ Although we have nothing quite like the frag- ments from Oliver’s Camp, I have not the least hesitation in assigning them to the Late Celtic period. The careful finish of the exterior, the character of the rim, and the traces of a - black glaze or pigment on it, are all so characteristic of the pottery of that period. Your ware appears to contain a great deal more quartz than ours, and I fail to detect any grains of mica, which are so often observed in ours. The paste, too, of your vessel is so much redder. But, of course, all these details may be due to local influences.” The uppermost fragment of this pottery was at a depth of 4ft. from the surface. The position (O) in which it was found in the chalk silt (C), and so clearly below the Roman Samian, which was in the mixed earthy silt (F), together with the peculiar character of the ware, combined to make this find one of the most important of the whole work. This small section of the ditch having proved so comparatively 440 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. rich in finds, it was decided to open a considerable length of the ditch in the hope that it would prove equally productive. Ac- cordingly cuttings 10ft. long were made on either side of the original section, and another 10ft. long a little to the eastward, but with very disappointing results. A few scattered fragments of the same large red ware vessel, some pieces of deer’s horn, and two small sherds of Samian ware—the latter at depths respectively of 2ft. and 2ft. 4in., were all the objects found in the whole ad- ditional 30ft. We are indebted to Mr. N. Story Maskelyne for having kindly obtained the mineralogical character of the following finds not previously mentioned, viz. :— A piece of slag with a glassy base carrying crystals with oc- casional points of a metal and some iron oxide. Found 6in. below the turf at the entrance. A piece of coarse ferruginous grit, probably from the Lower Green Sand, but possibly from the Bagshot Sands. It ap- pears to have been used as an implement. Found lft. below the turf at the entrance. A piece of coarse ferruginous grit, probably from the Lower Green Sand. Found in the hearth in the centre of the camp, A nodule of iron sandstone, probably from the Lower Green Sand in the neighbourhood of Seend. Found 5ft. below the surface in the eastern ditch. A silicious pebble of conglomerate or “breccia” structure. Probable locality unknown. It seems to have been used as a rubber on the flat surface, and for pounding on the edges. Found 4ft. below the surface in the eastern ditch. A piece of fine-grained ferruginous grit. Probably from the Lower Green Sand. One surface is smooth and polished, the other worn and scratched where it seems to have been used as a grinding or sharpening stone. Found in the eastern ditch. By Maud E. Cunnington. 441 The Roman Site at Mother Anthony's Well. The ground to the westward of Mother Anthony’s Well is un- doubtedly the site of Roman habitation, although, strangely enough, it does not seem ever to have been noticed before, or at least not to have been recorded. Attention was first drawn tothe spot by the brilliancy and peculiar regularity of a large patch of poppies growing in the field adjoining Mother Anthony’s Well. The field was rich with growing corn, and if, at the sowing, the ground-plan of some mansion had been traced with poppy seeds among the corn, one would expect some such result as was here displayed. Our foreman (a native of Rowde) said that the poppies grew on some old ruins in the field where the soil was thin, and where there was old mortar. He added that the field was littered with broken pots, and that old metal, coins, and building stones were sometimes turned up by the plough. Subsequently we were shown some Roman coins and a beautiful little bronze nail cleaner that had been picked up there. On going over the ground it was found to be literally strewn with potsherds, not only where the poppies grew, but in more or less profusion over the whole field and some of the adjoining land. The pottery in- cludes several of the kinds usually found on Romano-British sites, varying from coarse grey to fine black ware and from various qualities of red up to and including real Samian ware. Whether this was the villa of some well-to-do Roman, snugly placed at the foot of the hill with all the advantages of a southern aspect and of an unfailing supply of pure water, or the site of a Romano-British village, remains for some future excavator to dis- cover. In any case the presence of this Roman site so near to the camp is of interest in view of the fragments of Roman ware found there. The Barrows. The two mounds just outside the camp on the extreme western end of the hill are described on the Ordnance Map as “ Tumuli,” but the Rev. A. C. Smith does not mention them in his “ Map,” and 442 Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. therefore apparently did not think that they were barrows. Be- cause of this uncertainty about them, and the possibility that they might throw some light on the history of the camp, it was thought advisable to examine them. A trench was cut from the ditch at F through the southern mound down into the undisturbed chalk. The mound had at some time been much levelled, and the trench embraced practically all that remained of it. No trace of any in- terment could be found, and the mound showed signs of having been dug into from the top. A few worked flints, some fragments of coarse grey Bronze Age pottery, and some sherds of thin red Romano-British ware, were found scattered indiscriminately to a depth of 18in. Below this nothing was found but a few broken flints. The greatest depth to the undisturbed chalk was only 3ft. From the evidence of the section exposed it appears probable that the mound was levelled to a great extent after the ditch had silted up. The ditch is shallower here than in any other section, and if the mound had been higher when the ditch was dug, the ditch would then necessarily have appeared deeper. The more northerly of the two mounds is a little further out than its fellow from the entrenchment, and its fringe does not reach to the edge of the ditch. Its original diameter seems to have been about 37ft., but the mound has been much defaced. Practically the whole of the mound was thrown over down to the undisturbed chalk. There was no sign of a ditch round either of the mounds. 18in. below the surface and about the centre of the barrow a quantity of charcoal was discovered. This charcoal was contained in what appeared to be a kind of rough hearth, or fire-hole, built up with lumps of chalk. Round about this fire-hole, as we will call it, a considerable layer of charcoal spread out, covering ap- proximately a space 4ft. in diameter. The layer of charcoal was not concentric with the fire-hole, but spread out more over the eastern side of the mound. The fire-hole was roughly circular and from 14in. to 16in, in diameter, and 12in. deep. The charcoal it contained when turned out would have filled a large sized bucket. On carefully looking through it, handful by handful (the sieve Bonz Conical Buttons. From Barrow at Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. 4 Rude Earthenware Vessel. From Barrow at Oliver’s Camp. Devizes. 32 in. high, 44 in. diam. By Maud E. Cunnington. ‘ 443 having failed to reveal them), some human teeth were found, so much burnt that it was at first difficult to recognize them as such. Not the smallest fragment of bone or anything else but the teeth was found in the charcoal from the fire-hole, but two sherds of coarse pottery were found in the layer round it. 18in. deeper and actually underneath the fire-hole, an oval cist, 25in. x 12in. x 12in. deep, had been hollowed out in the solid chalk. The cist had been covered over with large lumps of chalk and contained calcined human bones. The bones, which were much burnt and in fragments, had been gathered together and placed in the cist without any attempt to arrange them. There were no teeth among them. One or two of the bones were stained green, as if by contact with bronze, but no piece of bronze could be found. Mixed in among the bones were fragments of a small incense cup with typical Bronze Age chevron pattern on the sides and flat rim. The fragments were much decayed and very small, and not nearly enough of them were found to form a complete vessel. It was _ quite clear that it could not have been complete when buried, from the way in which the pieces were mixed in amongst the bones. With the bones there was also a button or stud of bone or ivory of the conical shape sometimes found with Bronze Age remains. It has two converging holes bored obliquely on its under surface, the diameter of which is jin. It shows no signs of having been burnt. On the southern side of the barrow, about 3ft. from the centre and 6in. from the surface, a rudely-made earthenware pot was ound lying tilted over on its side towards the south. The pot is din. in diameter at the rim, 4in. at the base, and 33in. high. Still n the south side, and occupying a space from 4in. to 14in. below he surface, fragments of a second vessel were found. If this pot ever been placed in the barrow whole, it must have been dis- turbed at some subsequent time and thrown back broken. A considerable quantity of burnt human bones were mixed in with e pieces and in the soil round them. This vessel seems to have ved the purpose of a cinerary urn, and to have been a secondary terment in the barrow. Within a few inches of this some pieces OL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. 2 F 444 . Oliver’s Camp, Devizes. of a third vessel were found so close to the surface that they were entangled in the roots of the grass. These three vessels were all made of the same kind of reddish coarse pottery; they are straight-sided, with no curved rim or projection, and are all three quite free from any kind of ornament. A round hole had been bored through one of the pieces of the third vessel. These two last pots were of considerable size, the diameters ot the rims are the only measurements that can be taken, and these are both 84in. The deposit of charcoal seems to be evidence of the actual burning of a body in the barrow itself. There was every appearance of a fire having been lit on the spot, and the presence of the calcined human teeth in the charcoal makes it apparent that a human body had been burnt in it. The bones in the cist on the bottom of the barrow below the fire-hole could not possibly be those burnt in this fire, because they must have been already buried and safely - covered, before the fire could have been made over the spot where they were found. It seems quite likely, however, that the secondary interment may be that of the individual cremated on the spot. The bones must have been collected from the charcoal with great care, not to leave a fragment behind, but the teeth—from which the enamel has cracked away—are merely little black cones, and can only be with difficulty recognised as teeth, so that they could very easily have escaped the notice of those whose duty it was to collect the ashes. Dr. C. W. Cunnington, who kindly examined the bones from the cist, remarks on them as follows:—‘“The burnt bones are very fragmentary and much distorted by heat; they are, judging from the lower jaw, probably those of a middle-aged adult. No bones are sufficiently perfect to allow an estimate of the length or sex to be made. Fragments of the following bones are recognisable :— jaw (upper and lower), skull, tibia, radius, patella, axis, vertebre, and ribs. RAAALAAAAAAAAALAWYY Norre.—All the objects found in the Camp and Barrows are deposited in the Museum at Devizes. 445 A BAurial Incident at Market Lavington, and a : Aemarkable Parochial Agreement of the Eighteenth Century. : : By E. O. PLeypELL-Bovuveriz. I found the two appended documents among papers that were disinterred from the Manor House, Market Lavington, such resurrection being due to the final closing down of the Bouverie interest in that house and its furniture, &c., and the consequent de- sirability of divesting the receptacles of papers which had a family or other interest. I venture to think both have interest, local and historical. The first document is endorsed “The King v. Williams on the prosec" of Axford. Case.” And on the packet containing both documents, in my father’s (the late Rt. Hon. Edward P. Bouverie) handwriting is written “These papers were given to me by Mr. Benjamin Hayward, of Easterton, 1876.” This Mr. Hayward, who lived to a great age, and died shortly after this date, was a yeoman farmer and resided in a charming little seventeenth or early eighteenth century house, which still exists with its architectural attractions, on the west side of the lane running north alongside of the Royal Oak Inn, at Easterton. The taste of the later Victorian period has, I think, done the house some injustice by calling it “The Kestrels,” though it may be that the ornithological researches of the then proprietor justified him in this nomenclature, -and I believe the present occupier—Mr. Selfe—adheres to the name which he found recently attached to the house; but there are perhaps few houses of so small a size in the South of England where the architect has been allowed to exercise the style which is associated with Inigo Jones and his successors. Mr. Hayward, who was well over 80 years of age, no doubt had frequently talked 2F2 446 A Burial Incident at Market Lavington. with eyewitnesses of the scandalous scene described in the “ Case,” which was probably drawn to lay before counsel. It will be ob- served that Axford, the complainant, was the overseer of Eastcott, which adjoins and is now part of the civil and ecclesiastical parish of Easterton. As we read this strange story, exaggerated no doubt by the very natural attitude of the complainant, brought about by the dread of that now almost extinct scourge, the smallpox, two comments naturally suggest themselves: (1) at all events we have improved since 1785: such a scandal is unthinkable nowadays ; and (2) had it not been for vaccination and the comparative im- munity which we now enjoy should we not sympathise to some extent with a burying authority which endeavoured to keep the pestilence out of the district for which it was responsible. That this quarrel was a mere question of money I do not believe, but I believe the mighty hand and stretched out arm of “ Rey. Williams” were nerved by the thought that he must take any possible step to keep away further infection from his parish and himself, the strenu- ousness of the objection being not that of the “passive resister,” but the “conscientious objection” of the mid-Georgian subject. translated into the winged words and virile deeds of a less subtle and perhaps more straightforward generation; though be it ob- served, on the hypothesis, the conscientious objection was against. the danger of smallpox, and not the danger which some suppose to attach to the prophylactic. I may be allowed to add that I am not expressing sympathy with the particular form which Mr. Williams’ objection is alleged to have taken, but I am merely suggesting that we have unfortunately only an ex parte statement and we have not before us the cross-examination nor the case which the reverend gentleman would have put on his own behalf. It may be that further research may evolve a sequel. The rights of the matter are obscure though the wrongs are apparent.t 1] think the explanation probably is that Axford thought that Eastcott was part of the hamlet of Easterton (which it adjoins), Easterton being until 1876 part of Market Lavington ecc/esiustical parish. Eastcott is some dis- tance from Erchfont of which it was a hamlet, and an Eastcott corpse was entitled to burial at Urchfont, and not at Market Lavington. Probably the “uncle” was aware of this. This theory would account for the fee dispute. r. By E. O. Pleydell-Bouverie. 447 The other document, to which I will now draw attention, shows how in 1742 for poor law purposes Easterton became a distinct parish. This, though a deed, is a document redolent of human nature, though our modern human nature may, perhaps, stand hat in hand to our forefathers, who were able in 1742 to obtain a con- currence of opinion on a subject fraught with so many points of difference. For the subject matter of the deed and the operative part are an agreement under seal by apparently all the owners and occupiers of “ Markett” Lavington and Easterton that each such geographical area would thereafter support its own poor, and not— as heretofore—that each area should be responsible for the paupers having a settlement in such area. The lubricants—tact and management—must have been well to the fore in the early days of George IL., at all events in this district. The signatures, some of them illegible, mainly through the creases in the deed, have each a seal opposite to them, though the same seal was used in all cases. There are strangely few “ marks- men,” I think, having regard to the date. I have starred those patronymics which to my knowledge are still existent in the vicinity, though of course I cannot say if the signatories are the forefathers or fore-mothers of those whom I know. The originals are now in the custody of the Vicar of Market Lavington—the Rev. J. A. Sturton. An Assault at Market Labington. Dramatis Persone. _AXFORD—overseer, probably, of Urchfont, of which Eastcot was then a hamlet. It may be that a custom had sprung up of burying infected corpses in a parish that had had previously to bury them on payment of a fee, but I am unable in the old law books to trace any /aw on the subject. Generally each parish has and always has had to bury its own dead. This Axford was the grandfather of a very clever joiner, Thomas Axford, latterly of Littleton Panell, who died at a great age a few years back. 448 A Burial Incident at Market Lavington. WILLIAMS, curate-in-charge, is said by tradition to have been a Welshman of drunken habits, and his behaviour on this occasion would lead readers to suppose that it was not governed by the ordinary rules of self-control. Dr. Chandler’s house stands in the Market Place facing south. It was oceu- pied for some generations by the local doctor, whoever he might chance to be. Dr.- Hitchcock, before he removed to Fiddington Asylum, was the last leech so to occupy it. I should judge that the house stands pretty much as it did. There is a peculiar row of steps leading down to the south entrance suitable in a very remarkable way to add terrors to an assault. The 2"* of May, 1785 a Parishoner (sic) of Easteott died of the small Pox, in the parish of Mt Lavington I then apply'd to Mr. Williams the curate of Lavington! to Inter the corpse the 4th which was comply’d w*" but when the corpse arriv’d at the Church Yard the Gates was found lock’d & they was not to be opened till he [the parson] had seen me the overseer of Eastcott & accordingly sent the Clerk for me to come & wait on him at Dr. Chandler's in the M' Place Lavington & away goes clerk and myself and on the road the clerk told me the Parson was very angry & he was doubtfull wher there might not be a dispute between us & on my hearing that doctrine I thot [thought] it would be most prudt to go back again but the clerk thought if I was to go quietly & pay obedience to him it might be very well, so on we goes again & arriv’d at the place; [ pull’d of my hat & went into the shop where the parson was & made the obedience I was posses’d of wish’d to know of him what he wanted of me, he began w" what bussiness hadst thee to bring that woman out of thy parish into mine to trouble me to bury her: I very composedly told him my reason for so doing was to keep the Small Pox out of my Villiage as he had done out of his Parish before then he began to be in a great passion & s* I was a Damn Dirty fellow for so doing; which made me examine my cloaths all over & found nothing Dirty but my shoes & I then told the Parson If he would give me leave to go & clean my shoes I thought I should be as clean as he was. Then he began with ubbraiding/(sic} me that he would not be my Footman & Bury my Corpses when I tho't proper I then told him I did not wish him to do more than his Duty & that I would make him do; he then said he would not bury the Corpse without 6/8 I told him I was for to save my Parish that money that [ bro’t her there; & I had heard from experienced People it was not his due to command & that I would not pay it, he then began abusing me greatly that I thought 1 Market Lavington Vicarage was and is now under the patronage of Christ. Church, Oxford. ‘The living was held, doubtless in plurality, from 1750 —1805 (a long reign) by the Rev. John Dobson. By E. O. Pleydell-Bouverie. 449 it time to depart I turned myself round to go out of doors & I had four steps to go down but the very moment I turned myself round I found a Terrible Blow in my head which [struck (?) i/Zegible] me all down & then & before I cou’d recover myself the Parson had struck me down again he then gott a stride me and took my hair in one hand and w'" his fist' other he beat me in a terrible manner, I then arose and found the Blood running out of my ears, mouth and Nose w* my Waistcoat & shirt Tore very much I then took up a stick (seeing one lay near me) & struck him 3 times in the side; the Parson then went till he was weary went (sic) he went away to a Neigh- bouring house & staid a few minutes & then returned again & began again w" jearing (sic) me abt my Father & told me If I had not enough of it he would give some more but not wanting any more I declin’d it & told him to recollect what he was when he came into Wiltshire first when he made his apperance (sic) In some old yarn stockings &c. &. & was obliged to every one that wou’d supply him w'" a dinner but now (having married a (sic) old maid just a going into the grave with 8 or 10000£) he made all his former friends amends by giving some a sly look, go to law w" another beat & abuse another &c. &c.) I do not usurp such an athority (sic) over people as he do at prest which discourse he cou’d not stand so away post’s the Parson down towards the church & soon after the Clerk came back to me & said If I did not send the 6/84 the corpse wo’d not be buried I told him I wo’d not pay it so when that answer was carried back the Parson went of for home; but my uncle hearing how it was he sent the money after which the corpse was buried & the affray ended; But the greatest misfortune was the Pan Bone of my knee was Broke & have never since Been well nor I fear never will as I cannot kneel down not on the bed w*out the Being in the ‘greatest Paine I cannot go to church now without being call’d to order most Sundays without any cause especially Christmas Day last when we rose to very high words in the church to the gt detriment of the service Witness’s. John Lanham (Church Warden for y® Parson a most intimate friend of his) Fra’s Smith the Clerk of the Parish Tho Chandler Surgeon An Agreement of 1742." [Endorsed] ‘Sealed and delivered by all the within parties James Lamborne W" Holloway ” WE the severall owners and occupiers of houses lands and tenements lying 1 This word is crossed through in the M.S, 2 Tt is possible we may see in this agreement the power at that date of the over lord (Lord Abingdon). It will be observed that his steward, whose “name is defaced on the deed, is the first signatory. 450 A Remarkable Parochial Agreement of the Eighteenth Century. within the severall tythings of Lavington Rector and Lavington Dauntesey within the parish of Markett Lavington in the county of Wilts whose hands & seals are hereunto sett & subscribed AND WE the severall owners and occupiers of houses land & tenements lying in Easterton within the said parish of Markett Lavington whose hands and seals are hereunto also sett and subscribed do mutually Article and Agree to and with each other in manner following that is to say: FIRST.—WE the said owners and occupiers of houses lands & tenements within the aforesaid severall tythings of Lavington Rector & Lavington Dauntesey do for ourselves severally and for our severall heirs exec's and adm" article grant and agree to and with the owners and occupiers of houses lands and tenements in Easterton aforesaid and to and with their heirs exec® & adm" That from and after the 24" day of June instant the poor of the said two severall tythings of Lavington Rector and Lavington Dauntesey shall be for ever relieved and maintained by the inhabitants of the said two severall tythings and shall be wholly exempted & discharged from all costs and charges any ways incident unto the inhabitants of Kasterton in respect of such poor AND that from & after the said twenty fourth day of June if any inhabitant or inhabitants of either of the said tythings ot Lavington Rector or Lavington Dauntesey shall be willing or minded to reside or dwell in Easterton aforesaid That then and in such case the churchwardens and overseer of the poor of Markett Lavington aforesaid shall give a lawfull and effectuall certificate to the officers of Easterton aforesaid to receive back such inhabitant or inhabitants and all lawfully deriving under him or them in case he or they shall in any wise become chargeable to the inhabitants of Easterton aforesaid. ALSO.—In consideration of the aforesaid p'misses We the owner and occupiers of houses lands and tenements within Easterton aforesaid do for selves severally and for our severall heirs executors and adm* article grant and agree to and with the owners and occupiers of houses lands and tenements in the two severall tythings of Lavington Rector and Lavington Dauntesey aforesaid and to and with their heirs exec's and adm™ That from and after the aforesaid 24th day of June the poor of Easterton aforesaid shall be for ever relieved and maintained by the inhabitants of Easterton aforesaid and shall be wholly exempted and discharged from all costs and charges any ways incident unto the inhabitants of the tythings of Lavington Rector and Laving- ton Dauntesey aforesaid for or in respect of such poor And that from and after the ‘aforesaid 24th day of June if any inhabitant or inhabitants of Easterton aforesaid shall be willing or minded to reside or dwell in the Town of Markett Lavington aforesaid That then and in such case the church warden and overseer of the poor of Easterton aforesaid shall give a lawfull and effectuall certificate to the Church wardens and overseer of Markett Lavington aforesaid to receive back such inhabitant or inhabitants and all lawfully deriving under him or them in case he or they shall in any wise become chargeable to the inhabitants of the Town of Markett Lavington aforesaid AND it is further agreed that all persons now out on certificates and (sic) shall be brought or return home shall be received and provided for by such of the said places as they went from, that is to say, those and their familys that went from Market Lavington to be received and provided for by Market Lavington and those that went from Easterton to be received and provided for by Easterton By E. 0. Pleydell-Bowverie. 451 And in order to these p'sents the more effectuall and secure it is agreed by all the parties hereunto that the same be ratifyed and registred att the generall Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the County of Wilts aforesaid. IN WITNESS whereof we have hereunto sett our hands and seals the nineteenth day of June in the sixteenth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second by the grace of God of Great Brittain France and Ireland King Defender of the Faith and so forth and in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and forty two. James Surgey illegible, [no doubt steward or some such word] to the Earl of Abingdon [the then Lord of the Manor.] Jane [illegible] Henry Chivers Vince! churchwarden John Shorter [illegible] Lanham* x her mark Martha Cook* Jam Sainsbury. * Hen. Jackson for Mr Grove (?) Ambrose Cooper* Richard Grove [illegible] Merewether Fanny [illegzble] John Samwell [curate of the parish) Robt Purchass apoth’] John Russell Churchwarden Daniel Crowly (?) [‘‘from Sarisbury John Fowle . W. H. Barnes Thomas [legible] James Bartlett* Will Bolter* John Law . .. . [erased] [illegible] Lancaster* [ellegible] ' James Bartlett* Jno Jackson Lucey Samwell Sarah Hayward x her mark Mary Smith* [sllegible] Holloway* Frank Long [Two names illegible] Jane Purchas Anne Sainsbury* John Gye* Gale Still* Robt Tyler x his mark Rog: Lye* ffra Merewether [illegible] [illegible] Leonard Bishop* John [illegible] [tllegible] Edward Barter John Draper* x his mark Marry (sic) Draper* x her mark Henry [illegible] Roger Mathews Eliz. Bishop* John Hobbs* x His mark Mary Bartlett* [illegible] Stowel (?) James Bishop* Hen Lancaster* Henry Hopkins* John illegible] It might here be added with regard to the first signature that Lord Abingdon (who by a marriage with the Lees, of Ditchley, represented the Dauntesey family, whose patronymic is usefully preserved in the school and almshouses foundation at West 1 The then owner (on lives) and occupier of Clyffe Hall. 452 A Remarkable Parochial Agreement of the Eighteenth Century Lavington), a year or two after the date of this document sold the manors of “Markett Lavington” to my ancestor, William, first Lord Radnor and second Lord Folkestone, whence they descended to my grandfather, who gave them to his younger son, Edward, my father, and about the year 1892 they came into the hands of trustees for my elder brother, Walter, whence recently they passed by purchase to Charles Awdry, of Shaw Hill House, Melksham. 453 Che Heraldry of CHilton Church. By tHe Rey. EH. E. Dortine. THE number of shields of arms carved or emblazoned on monu- ments in this, the most notable of the modern churches in the diocese of Sarum, is remarkably small. They are as follows :— 1.—On the mural monument of William Sharpe, above the south-west door leading into the cloister that connects the lofty campanile with the church, are his arms carved and painted —Argent three eagles’ heads erased within a bordure engrailed azure; and on his helmet the crest—an eagle’s head as in the arms. 2.—On the monument of Sidney, Lord Herbert of Lea, on the north side of the choir, are emblazoned in coloured marbles the arms of HEerBeRT—Party azure and gules three lions argent—but without the crescent that he bore as second son of the eleventh Earl of Pembroke. 3.—On the monument of Katherine Woronzow, his mother, wife of George Augustus, eleventh Earl of Pembroke, is a shield of coloured marbles of HERBERT impaling Woronzow—Party bend- wise argent and gules a fleur-de-lis between two four-leaved roses all in bend counterchanged, on a chief sable between three mullets of the Jirst a cheveron or charged with as many bombs fired proper. 4. On the marble sarcophagus, in the north-west apsidal chapel, of Henry, tenth Earl of Pembroke, who died 1794, are—at both ends—the arms of HERBERT, unpainted, but with the tinctures carved. _ 5,—Leaning against the western end of this sarcophagus, between it and the wall of the chapel, is the very interesting marble mural monument of Sir John Coffer, described in Kite’s Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire (page 66). It was brought from the old 454 The Heraldry of Wilton Church. church, placed, it would seem, in this remote corner for safety and then forgotten. It consists of a thick slab about 2ft. square of dark grey marble, into which are let the figures of Sir John Coffer and his wife Philippa, daughter of Gilbert Synclere (or St. Cleere) of Tidwell in Devon, two shields of arms, the motto “ Right I Hould,” and the monumental inscription, all vigorously engraved on five different plates of brass. Above the knight’s head are his arms :—Quarterly: land 4. A bend fretty between sia martlets, on the bend a mullet for difference ; 2 Ermine a fesse lozengy; 3 T'wo leopards impaling Two bars between six crosslets. Above the shield is a helm with the crest— an eagle holding in his beak a crayfish. Over the lady’s head is a shield of her husband’s arms as above, impaling her paternal coat, which is Quarterly: 1 St. CLEERE —Party or and azure a sun in splendour counterchanged ; 2 A fesse engrailed between three mullets ; 3 H1IDON— Gules three bezants and a label argent; 4 Ten mascles, There are no tincture marks. The full blazon of two of the lady’s quarterings is extracted from Kite’s notice of this important monument. The armorial glass in this church, on the other hand, is of ex- traordinary value and importance, although it is only to be found in two windows in the nave. In the westernmost window of the north aisle are three shields of arms of ancient glass separated by pictures of a kneeling lady wearing an armorial mantle, and a kneeling knight of the Garter. At the top of the window is the shield borne by Henry, second Earl of Pembroke of the present creation, as follows :— Quarterly of siv: 1, Herpert—(This quarter appears to be of later work than the rest of the shield. It is generally supposed that this earl differenced Herbert with a bordwre gobony or and gules with a bezant in each pane of gules as did his father. His stall plate, however, shows no such bordure.) 2. PARRE—Argent two bars azure and a bordure engrailed sable ; 3. Ros OF KENDAL— Or three water-bougets sable; 4. Firz Hucuo—Azure fretty and a chief or; 5. Marmion—Vair a fesse gules; 6. St. QUENTIN—Or By the Rev. E. E. Dorling. 455 three cheverons gules and a chief vair. The shield is ensigned with an earl’s coronet and surrounded by a garter. The last five quarters were displayed by the second earl of Pembroke as heir of his mother Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas Parre of Kendal; and it is said by Doyle (Official Baronage, vol. iii., p. 23), that this earl succeeded jure matris to the five baronies of Parre, Ros, Fitz Hugh, Marmion, and St. Quentin at the death of his mother’s brother, William, Marquess of Northampton, on August Ist, 1571. The latter, however, at his attainder in 1553, had forfeited, along with his marquessate, his earldom of Essex and barony of Parre, and it is by no means certain that he ever held any other barony. When, at the accession of Elizabeth, his marquessate was restored to him, his other two titles were not so restored. Henry, Earl of Pembroke, cannot, therefore, have displayed the quarters, Parre, Ros, and the rest, as representing baronies, though these quarterings were undoubtedly carried by his mother, as will appear later. Below his shield is the picture of his mother, Anne Parre, wearing a mantle charged as follows :—Quwarterly of seven grand quarters : I. Quarterly of four: 1. Parre ; 2. Ros; 3. GRENE—Azure three harts tripping or ; 4. MABELTHORPE—Gules a cheveron between three crosslets and in chief a lion passant or ; Il. Firz Huen; III. Marmion; IV. St. QuentTIN; V. FornNEAUX-—Gules a bend between six crosslets or; VI. STAVELEY—Barry of eight argent and gules a flewr-de-lis sable; VII. GARNEGOT—Barry or and azure an eagle gules. The way in which these quarters is arranged is thoroughly characteristic of Tudor heraldry. The first grand quarter, charged with Parre, Ros, Grene and Mabelthorpe, occupies one-fourth of the mantle, quarters IL. and IIL. fill the remainder of the upper half of it, quarters IV. and V. are placed below the space taken by the first grand quarter, and the remaining two are under II. and III. respectively. The Garnegot quarter is very roughly painted, and is only imperfectly visible. In the middle of the window are the arms of Philip IT. of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I., ensigned with a crown of fleur-de-lis 456 The Heraldry of Wilton Church. and encircled by his garter. His shield is the écw complet of SPAIN, and with very few exceptions the quarters are simply tricked in yellow paint on the white glass. This shield is blazoned as fol- lows :—Quarterly of four grand quarters : I. and IV. Quarterly of four: land 4, CastILE—Gules a castle or, quartering LEON— Argent a lion gules; 2 and 3. ARRAGON—Or four pales gules, impaling Sicity—Party saltirewise in chief and base ARRAGON ; in the flanks Sicity—Argent an eagle sable; Il. and Ill. Quarterly of four: 1. AUSTRIA—Gules a fesse argent; 2. BurguNpDy MopErN—Old France in a bordure gobony argent and gules ; 3. BURGUNDY ANCIENT —Bendy azure and or a bordure gules ; 4. BRABANT—Sable a lion or. Grand quarters II. and III. have over all an escutcheon of FLANDERS—Or «a lion sable, impaling TyYRoL—Argent an eagle gules crowned or. The whole is enté en point of GRANADA— Argent a pomegranate gules. Below this great shield is a picture of William first Earl of Pembroke, K.G., the father of Henry mentioned above. He is kneeling at a faldstool, and wears the mantle of the order of the Garter. The whole picture, however, appears to be reversed, for the knight is kneeling with his face turned towards the right of the picture, so that the badge on his blue mantle shows upon | his right shoulder, instead of on his left, where, of course, it is actually carried. Under the picture, at the bottom of the window, is a shield of the first earl’s arms, surrounded by his garter and with his coronet above it. He bore Quarterly of seven, in two rows, the upper containing four and the lower three coats as follows:—1. HERBERT, with a bordure gobony or and gules the latter charged with bezants ; 2. MorcaNn—Sable a cheveron between three spear-heads argent ; 3. GAME—Argent three cocks gules with their combs and legs or; 4, AsHLEY—Argent a lion sable; [the third and fourth quarters are missing, and their place has been filled with plain red and blue glass quarries]; 5. CRaDoCcK—Azure crusily and three boars’ heads argent ; 6. HortoN—Argent three bends engrailed gules and a canton or; 7. CANTELOW—Gules three fleurs-de-lis coming out of leopards’ heads or. In the centre point is a crescent or, as By the Rev E. E. Dorling. 457 if for difference; but this is certainly a mistake, and may have been inserted at some time when the shield was undergoing repair. In the great rose window at the east end of the church are a number of pieces of armorial glass, which, while they have—with one exception—no local reference, are nevertheless of such great intrinsic interest that they must not be left uncatalogued. In the middle of the window is a fine piece of modern glass painting—the royal arms of England within a garter—inserted in this prominent position, no doubt, in order to mark the fact that the church was built during the reign of Queen Victoria. The remaining achievements are of very various dates and styles of heraldic art; and reading them from the top of the rose in the direction taken by the hands of a clock they are as follows :— 1. Apparently a shield made up of variously coloured fragments of glass, at any rate illegible. 2. Somewhat broken and imperfect but having the look of Azure a covered cup or, with blue and gold mantling about the shield —probably German work of the latter part of the sixteenth century. 3. A magnificent achievement of the very best German early renaissance style of drawing. The shield is Quarterly of four: 1. Argent a lion gules; 2 and 3. Argent a lion gules on a chief sable three roundels argent ; 4. (very difficult to decipher—it appears to be) Azure issuing from a mount in base vert a erosier or headed argent surmounting two clubs in saltire gold. From the crowned helm surmounting this shield issues the crest—a demi lion gules. 4. Another German renaissance achievement of extreme in- terest, representing the arms of Hantz Graf zu Mountfort Vogt zu Veldkirck, whose name and title are so inscribed, together with the date 1526, on a panel of white glass below the shield, The arms are Argent a gonfanon gules ringed or, and the crest is a mitre gules. The owner of this most interesting achievement was of the noble family of Montfort, Counts of the Holy Roman Empire, seated in Styria as early as the ninth century. The bearing by this house of their well-known charge—a gonfanon, or church banner—and their mitre crest, not less than the title of Vogt, indicates that 458 The Heraldry of Wilton Church. the Montforts were hereditary advocati or vicedomini (in France similar officials were called vidames), holding certain lordships as fiefs of ecclesiastical corporations by military tenure under the obligation of leading to war the contingents which the ecclesiastical princes were bound to provide. It is not easy, however, for one not learned in medieval German peerage lore to understand how in 1526 a Montfort could be described as Vogt of Veldkirk, inasmuch as Rudolph, Count of Montfort, had sold that lordship to Leopold, Duke of Austria, as early as 1375. It looks as if the title had been retained and used after the loss of the office. 5. A small shield of ancient French glass displaying the arms of a DauPHIN which are FRANCE—Azure three fleur-de-lis or; quartered with. DavupHinE—Or a dolphin azure. 6. A large heater “shaped shield charged with Barry or and azure a bordure gules. It appears to be a genuine piece of decoration of late thirteenth century work. These arms are attributed in a roll of arms of about the year 1262, in the British Museum (Harl. MS., 6137), to “ Alisander.” 7. A small shield of apparently early German renaissance work with these arms:—Azure chaussé-ployé gules three crescents argent, 1, 2, their horns all pointing inwards. From the helm rises a crest which looks like a tall pointed cap azure. 8. A group of three small shields, a. Or a bear rampant sable ; b. Or a dog sable with a collar argent; ¢. Argent a cock gules. Above the group of shields is a golden mitre, and behind them stand two figures of saints, a bishop and a monk, each holding a pastoral staff. This group of armorials is also in the style of the German renaissance, very fine and vigorous work. The conjunction of these three coats presents a very tantalizing riddle to the heraldically-minded enquirer, who is without books relating to the intermarriages of the German nobility. The arms themselves are well enough known. The Swabian family of voN BERNSTATT carried the canting arms ofa black bear in a gold field. The Counts von Toggenburg had as their armorials a black dog standing in a golden field, while Argent a cock gules are the well-known armes parlantes of the Counts von Hahn of Mecklenburgh. Perhaps By the Rev. E. E. Dorling. 459 the golden mitre may supply a hint as to the elucidation of the problem; for during the second half of the fourteenth century a branch of the Hahns settled in Esthonia and there obtained ° lands in fee as vassals of the archbishop of Riga and the bishop of Oesel. There seems to bea possibility that this group of shields may refer to some von Hahn whose descendants were seated in Esthonia at the time when the glass was painted. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CIX. ZG 460 Che Society's FUSS. (Continued from Vol. xxxi., p. 196.) CLYFFE PYPARD, BUPTON. Early in the seventeenth century the family of Benet (of Salthrop) began to buy land in North Wilts, and by the end of the century had acquired a considerable quantity of acres there, and a very considerable quantity of deeds relating to them. It was then determined that an “abstract” of these deeds should be prepared, which was done accordingly, with a “schedule,” or still briefer account of their contents, appended by way of index. A certain number of the deeds themselves, part of the “abstract,” and the whole of the “schedule” have come into the Society’s possession by the gift of Mr. Richard Mullings. The property for which the “ schedule” only exists was situate at Bupton, in the parish of Clyffe Pypard. By reason of its brevity the “schedule” is not a very satisfying substitute for the deeds, which the compiler moreover was not competent, as he very frankly confesses, to decipher. It is offered, accordingly, “ with all faults,” and so taken may prove invaluable to the fortunate possessor of additional facts. A Schedule of the several Deeds and Writings mencioned in the Abstract hereunto annexed BuBTON. (1) 42 Hen. 8. 1258. An indenture, William Quintyn son of —— Quintyn and William Quintyn. (2) 18 Edw. 1. 1290. Indenture whereby William Quintyn son and heir of William Quintin grants to William Granden his heires and assignes forever two acres of arrable land cwm pertinenciis. The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 461 (3) 12 Edw. 2. 1819. A deed whereby Milis (sic) son of Milo de Bobeton did grant to Jn° Bobeton and. Sarah his wife and y* heires_and assignes of y* said Jn°. (the rest not legible). (4) 16 Mar. 14 Edw. 2. A deed whereby William the son of Ralph de Stokes 1821 [1320-1]. (is all that can be read of it). (5) 10 Edw. 3. 1336. A grant from William Winslaw to Jn° de Bobeton and Sarah his wife for their lives a parcell of the mannor of Bobeton cum perti- nenciis at the rent of a rose with severall remainders over. (6) 10 Edw. 3. 1336. John de Bobeton grants to Walter de Freney and Matild his wife and to the heires of their body with remainders one messuage and one rood of land in Bobbeton. (7) 10 Edw. 3. 1336. John de Bobeton remises and releases to Hugh of Bobeton and William Winslaw all his right and claym to the mannor of Bobbeton which he had in Fisherton eum pertinenciis. (8) 10 Edw. 8. 1336. Hugo de Bobbeton releases to William Winslow all his right to the mannor of Bobbeton eum pertinenciis. (9) 9 Ric. 2. 1386. Thomas Franie grants and confirms to John Boddton and Robert Hobbe all his lands &c. in Bobbeton near Cliue Pypard. (10) 10 Ric. 2. 1887. Alice Grandon gives and grants to her son Thomas Quintyn and his heires her lands in Woodhull and Bobbeton. (11) 10 Ric. 2. [1387]. John de Boditon gives and grants to Tho: Fraine and Isabell his wife the mannor of Bobbeton in tayle male with severall re- mainders over. (12) 6 Hen. 5. 1418. John Clyne grants and confirms to Tho: Quintyn and Marg: his wife and the heires and assignes of the st Thomas for ever All his lands &¢ in Bobbeton Woodhull and Corston. (13) 16 Hen. 6. 1448[1438]. Tho: Quintyn grants and confirms to S'. Robert Shotesbrook Kt. Edw’. Paternoster Tho: Quintyn son of Tho: Quintyn and John y* son of Thomas and to the heires and assignes of the st Thomas for ever All his lands &c. which he had in the villages of Bobbeton Corston and Woodhull in Com. Wilts. 2G bo 462 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. (14) 30 Hen. 6. 1452. John Quintin grants and confirms unto 8‘ Robt. Hun- gerford Kt. L*, Molyns and S'. W™. Beauchamp K*. and John Darell Esq'. All his lands in Bobeton Corston &e. and gave to the s*. 8". Robt. S". W™. and George (sic) all his goods and Chattels &c. (15) 20 Dec. 13 Ed: John Quintyn grants and confirms to John Wroughton 4th. 1471. Sen". John Dobbys and John Dolman their heires and [1473.] assignes for ever All his lands &c. in Bobbeton Corston and Woodhill. (16) 12 Hen: 7th 1497. John Quintyn grants and confirms to his brother Walter Quintyn Jn°. Gildon Jn° Nicolas and Walter Quintyn his son to hold to them and the heires and assignes of his son Walter for ever All his lands in the villages and feilds of Bobbeton Croston and Woodhill. (17) 21 Oct. 23 H. 8th. W™ Dantsey bargains and sells to Jn°. Goddard his 1582. heires and assignes All his part or pore’on of the mannor [1531.] of Bobeton cum pertinenciis in Cleve Pypard alias dicta Pypard Cleve and all his lands &c. which he purchased of Rich’. Edge &e. (18) Last of Oct. 23 W". Dantsey remises and releases to John Edmonds, H. 8th. 1532. John Jolt, Richard Bobbs, Thom: Kemer and W™ Dyper [1531]. their heires and assignes for ever All his Estate &e. In all the 8°, pt. of the mannor of Bubeton and all lands &e. in Cleve Pypard. (19) 1 Dec. 28th Eliz. John Dysmer grants for 19 years to Henry Quintyn his 1586. Exec's &e. his p*. of eight acres of meadow ground lying in [1585]. Kingeroft in Bubeton yearly rent 47. (20) 6 July 36 Eliz. 1594. An old lease cancelled of part of the mannor of This lease surrendred Bubton &c. for 99 years from Tho: Goddard to W™. by Indent 20th July Goddard. 43 Bliz. (21) 20 Oct. 87th Eliz. 1595. Ric’. Hunton demises to Henry Quintyn for 300 years at a pepper corne rent a parcell of land eum pertinenciis in Odefeild in Cleve Piper. . (22) 28 July 42 Eliz. [1600.] Henry Quintyn and Alice his wife grant to Gabriell Pyle his heires and assignes for ever All the mannor house and demeasnes of Bubton and other y* premisses in Bubeton Woodhull and Corston Except trees &c. and one acre called Withybed in Woodhill Parke. The Socicty’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 463 (23) 30 July 42 Eliz. 1600. Henry Quintyn assignes to Gabriell Pyle his exec". &c. the st. 3 Acres of arrable & porc’on of meadow ground for the residue of the terme demised by Hunton and Dismer. (24) 30 July, 42 Eliz. 1600. Henry Quintyn in performance of his agreem'. in the Ind’. of y* 28' of July instant grants and confirmes to the s‘. Gabriell Pyle his heires and assignes for ever the mannor scite &c. and demeans of Bubeton Woodhill and Corston and all other his lands there. (25) 6th Sept. 42 Eliz. 1600. A Statute Merch. of 30007. entred into by Henry Quintyn to Gabriell Pyle. : (26) 16th Sept. 42 Eliz. 1600. Pyle agrees with Quintyn thai if [he] shold quietly [enjoy] the mannor &c. according to s?. Deed of 28th July and another Feoffm'. of the 30th of July and Henry Quintyn and Alice his wife shold levy a fine to Henry Smith and his heires and if Quintyn & uxor shold levy a fine to Pyle of the said mannor &c. ‘Then the Statute shold be void. (27) Michas. Term 42 Eliz. [1600.] Fine levied by Quintyn and ux. accordingly. (28) 20 July, 43 Eliz. 1601. Francis Goddard and Tho. Goddard of Bubton assignes to Tho: Goddard of Standen Hussey his heires and assignes for ever All the Purparty of the s*. mannor &c. menc’oned to be demised in and by the lease of the 6'" of July 36" of Eliz*. (29) 1 Aug. 43 Eliz. 1601. Thomas Goddard bargains and sells to Gabriell Pyle his heires and assignes for ever his Purparty of the s*. Mannor of Bubeton and lands &c. Except the mannor and Tythes of Cleve and Rosiers messuages and lands thereto belonging And also sold all woods &e. (30) 24 Aug*t. 43 Eliz. 1601. Thomas Goddard of Standen Hussey in per- formance of certain covenants in Indent*. of the first of Aug. 43 Eliz: Enfeoffs and confirmes to Gabriell Ryle his heires and assignes for ever his Purparty of last menc’oned mannor cum pertinenctis and lands &c. Except as last excepted—with Livery of seizin endorsed. (31) 8th Sept. 43 Eliz. 1601. A Bond of 1000 marks from Goddard to Pyle for quiet enjoym*. of his pt. of Bubton mann’. conveyed to him by Deed of y° 24 of Aug*. then past. (32) 27 Sept. 43 Eliz. 1601. Thomas Goddard releases to Gabriel Pyle his heires and assignes for ever All his right revere’on &e. of all his pt of y° mann’. pre- dicti cum pertinenciis. 464 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. (33) 9th Oct. 43 Eliz. 1601. Exemplificac’on of a Fine Pyle p' and Tho: Goddard and Margt uxor Defore’ of 2 messuages &c. in Woodhill Corston and Cleeve and 3°. pt. of Bobton mann*. (34) 44 Eliza: Exemplificac’on of a Fine Pyle p:'* Henry Quintyn and Alicia uxor Defore’ of 1 mess’ &c. in Bubeton Woodhill and Corston. (35) Exemplificac’on of the same Fine same parties and same p'misses. (36) 1 Jac: 1: 1602. [1603.] Exemplificac’on ofa Recovery wherein Arnold Oldisworth and Thomas Smith are demand' and Pyle Tenant of one messuage &c.in Bobeton Woodhill and Corton. (37) 26 Oct. 15 Car. 1: 1639, Counterp' of a Lease from |S' Francis Pyle to Thomas Greenway of Bobeton Farme cum pertinenciis for 3 y™ at 2601. per annum. (38) 20 May, 22 C:1: 1647 [1646]. Copy of an Ind‘ Inrolled in Chancery wherein S:. Francis Pyle bargaines and sells to Ric’. Gorman his heires and assignes for ever The mann’. of Great Bubton eum pertinenciis to be void on tender of 12°. to Gorman. (39) 20 Jan'’. 23 Car: 1: S' Francis Pyle and Gorman by Deed and Recovery Quer. this Deed settles on Trustees and their heires The mann’. of [1647-8]. Great Bubton cum pertinenciis Upon severall uses and Trusts in the Ind' of 20 Jan'y, 23 Car: 1°. (40) 24 Jan’ 23 Car: 1°. S* Francis Pyle and Gorman by Deed and Recovery 1647. settles!on Trustees and their heires the mann™. of [1647-8]. Compton alias Compton Beauchamp and of Kingston alias Knightington in Com. Berks eum pertinencits upon severall uses trusts &c. in Inden"™ of 24'* Jan'Y 23 Car: 1°. (41) Hill. Ter. 23 Car: Copy of a Recovery whereby W™ Morgan Recovers 1°. 1647. against Ric’. Gorman the mannor of Bubton ewm per- [1647-8]. tinencits. (42) 21 Feb: 23 Car: 1° S" Francis reciteing the Recovery above and other 1647 [1647-8]. the Recoveryes settles the mann™. as in his will men- S". Fr. Piles will. c’oned and declared. Feb. 1648. S" Francis dyed leaveing Issue Anne, Eliz: (then wife of Tho: Strickland) and Jane Pyle by Dame Jane and no other Issue. Ee ee a es le See hee The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 465 (43) 24th Oct. 13 Car. 24. 1661. Order of Dismission in Chancery Pyle ag’. Pyle et al. (44) 30 May 15 Car. 24. 1663. Decree in Chancery Between Pyle Strickland and others. (45) 18 July 15 Car. 24. 1663. In pursuance to w" Decree by Ind’. Inrolled W= Whitmore enfeoffs and confirmes to S'. Rob‘. Hyde Roger Gillingham and John St. Loe their heires and assignes the manno' of Great Bubton cum pertinenciis And the mann" of Compton Beauchamp and Kingston cum pertinenciis upon y* Trusts in s* Decree. (46) 22 and 27 June 1665. By Lease and Release the said Roger Gillingham and John St. Loe Did grant and confirme unto Thomas Bennett and his heires and assignes for ever the s‘. mann‘ and farme called Great Bubton Farme cum pertinenctis. (47) 27 June 1665. By Indent’. Tho: Strickland and his wife (reciteing the above Lease and Release) Covenant w'* Thomas Bennett for his quiet Enjoyim' of st. mann", and p'misses. | (48) 98 June 1665. Thomas Bennett for securing the paym'. of 3460'. mortgages to Tho: Strickland Anne Pyle and Jane Pyle their Exec. and assignes for the Terme of 500 years The mannor of Great Bubton subject as in the s?. Mortgage is menc’oned. — (49) 30 Dec’. 1667. By indenture Jane Pyle as one of the Daughters and Co- heirs of S*. Francis Pyle (reciteing the afores*. Lease and Release) Coven". for Bennetts qniet enjoym' of st mannor of Bubton and other Covenants. (50) A copy of the same deed. (51) 20 Jan¥ 1668. By Indent™. 3c, Between Tho: Bennett of the j* part Tho: his son and heire of y* 2%. ptt. and Mary his daughter of y* 34. p‘. (re- citeing as therein) It was declared y‘. the st, Tho: Bennett should permitt and suffer S' Tho: his Father to receive the profitts of the mann’. of Bubton for life and afterwards the same should stand charged in the hands of Thomas the son and heire wt" Debts and Legacyes of S*. Thomas. (52) Eodem die. Another part of the same Deed signed by S'. Thomas and his son. (53) Another part of the same Deed sign’d by Thomas and Mary Bennett. 466 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. (54) 29 Sept'. 1670. The s*. Tho: Bennett the son mortgages the s*. mannor of Bubton to John Weeks for 500 years, for 2000/. Subject to a Provisoe therein takeing notice of a Recognizance that S' Thomas the Father had in 1659 entered into to John Smith Defeazanced as therein menc’oned. (55) 10th Feb: 1674. By Ind". reciteing therein Henry Earl of Arlington (one of the Exec™ of John Weeks) assignes to Tho: Bennett his Exec". &c. for the remainder of the s*. Terme of 500 years the s*. mannor of Great Bubton cum pertinenciis. ; (56) 23 Mar: 1688. By Counterparts of Lease and Release Thomas Bennett grants and confirmes unto Timothy Dewell his heires and assignes for ever Bubton Marsh King Croft and Lawfull Moors. Inferences from the above schedule are necessarily brittle and require tender handling. There is, to begin with, the strange mention, in No. 7, of “the mannor of Bobbeton which he had in Fisherton.” There is, as a matter of fact, in the parish of Fisherton _ Delamere, a tything of Bapton. Fisherton Delamere is, or was, in the hundred of Warminster, though, as stated in a note in the Population Abstract of 1831, “The parishes of Fisherton-de-la- Mere with Bapton, Upper Pertwood, and Teffont Magna, are three distinct portions of Warminster Hundred, locally situate in different parts of Dunworth Hundred.” In the Gazetteers Fisherton Dela- mere is said to be “8 miles N.W. of Wilton.” Dinton, also in Warminster Hundred, is described as “5 miles W. of Wilton.” Aware of the proximity of Fisherton to Dinton, a recent writer makes a point of it, in commenting on the marriage of “ Thomas Ludlow, of Dinton,” with “Jane daughter of Thomas and sister of Sir Gabriel Pyle, knight, of Bapton, in the neighbouring parish of Fisherton Delamere.”' Such a match there was. The lady is mentioned in the pedigree of Pile, entered at the Visitation of Wilts in 1623, as sister of Sir Gabriel, and described as “Jana uxor Tho. Ludlow of juxta Warminster in Wilts.’ Further, in the entry of the admission of Sir Gabriel’s son to the Middle Temple, 1 Wilts Notes and Queries, Vol. II., p. 295. cf. Ludlow ped., Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvi. The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 467 in 1610, the young man is described as “son and heir apparent of Gabriel Pile of Dington, Wilts, Knight.” Frankly, 1 do not un- derstand the matter. I know nothing of the history of Bapton. I can affirm that all that follows refers to Bupton in Clyffe. I presume that there is a confusion. But why, after all, does an entry in the schedule mention “ the mannor of Bobbeton which he had in Fisherton ” ? In the printed “ Testa de Nevill (p. 1522) occurs the entry :— Willelmus et Willelmus Quintin tenent in Clive feodum unius militis de herede de Muleples et ipse de episcopo Sarisburiensi et episcopus de rege. On comparison of this passage with the original it appears that it is printed correctly; but that the entry is itself incorrect, and moreover that it can with certainty be emended from another and . a contemporary return, there can be little doubt. A long list of persons are “presented” in 1255 as witholding services due in respect of their fees and among them William Quyntin and William Bubbe in respect of a knight’s fee in Clyve. In the Red Book of the Exchequer, as printed (Rolls Series) p. 236, occurs the entry :— Wiltescira. Carta episcopi Sarrisburiensis. Hii sunt milites de episcopo Sarrisbiriensi tenentes et antiquitus feffati :— Johannes de Mellepeis ij milites. From these entries we learn that the Muleples or Mellepeis holding consisted of two fees, whereof William Bubbe and William Quintin held one between them in Cleve or Clyve. We may incline to the belief that the other Mellepeis fee is to be looked for in the same place, but upon this point we have no further information. That the “Cleve” or “Clyve”’ in question was the “Cleve” now distinguished from others as “ Clyffe Pypard ” may confidently be asserted. The “schedule” is there to inform us that the family of Quintin had for many generations held land in Bupton, which lies in Clyffe Pypard, and we know that whereas Clyffe Pypard was locally and for the most part administratively (Bushton is another exception) in Kingsbridge hundred, Bupton was administratively in the hundred of Cannings, as also Highway 468 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. is, or was, the reason in both cases being the same, viz., the rights there of the bishop of Salisbury, though these rights originated apparently at very different dates, at Bupton in the very eazliest, at Highway, in comparatively recent (A.D. 1220) times. That Bupton was at a very early period administratively in the bishop’s hundred of Cannings is in reality an inference only so far as the available evidence extends. It is assessed to a subsidy, as we shall shortly see, as part of Cannings hundred, in 1428, and this is the earliest definite mention of it as in that hundred which I can for the present produce. As to the inference, it has already been excellently stated by Archdeacon Macdonald in this Magazine (vol. vi. p. 127), in the following words :— ‘*‘ At the Court of Cannings, the Farm of Bupton (in the parish of Cliff Pypard, but Hundred of Potterne) used formerly to render an annual payment, as holding of the Bishop. Bupton belonged for a great many years to an old family of the name of Quintin: so far back, it would seem, as the Domesday Survey: for in the extract from that Record relating to the Bishop’s manor of Cannings (or Kainingham) given above, among the landowners under the See, appears the name of ‘Quintin, 3 hides.’ The payment of Ls. 6d. ‘ Lawday silver,’ for Bupton continued to be made so late as 1661.” In this same article by Archdeacon Macdonald the story of Devizes Castle is also told, how it was built by the bishop and was parcel of Cannings, how it was taken by Stephen, offered to be restored by Maud, and actually retained (A.D. 1149) by Henry, together with, and this is the point that interests us, the services of the knights of the bishop’s manor of Cannings. The matter obviously was not fully settled a hundred years later, as appears by the inquisitions made at Wylton, Saturday after St. Peter ad Vinceula, 39 Henry ILI. (7th August, 1255), printed in the “ Hundred Rolls.” Thus (vol. ii, p. 236) the twelve jurors from the Borough of Devizes present the tenants of fees in Bishops Lavington, Pottern, Cotes, Horton, &c.—tenants, that is to say, of the bishop of Salisbury, for default of castle guard of Devizes during thirty years past, and, last on the list, very naturally, for it was an outlying holding, “ Willelmus Quyntin et Willelmus Bubbe de feodo unius militis in Clyve”—the entry we relied on, above, for emending the passage in the “ esta.” In the same : i The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 469 volume of the “Hundred Rolls” (p. 238) are printed lists of the jurors for various hundreds. In that for Kingsbridge hundred we find .Michael Bernard and William Parys (both landowners in Broad Town), while their near neighbours at home, as we suppose, William Quintyn and William Bubbe, figure instead in the list of jurors for the hundred of Caninges, which, as this same record tells us (p. 231), was “the free hundred of the bishop of Salisbury belonging to his church of Salisbury of the antient feoffment.” Recapitulating these facts, we know that one John de Mellepeis was tenant of the bishop of Salisbury for two knight’s fees, whereof one fee was held of Mellepeis’ heirs by William Bubbe and William Quintin in Clive. We know that a family of Quintin had lands in Bupton which is in Clive, and we know that Bupton was from some distant period included in the hundred of Cannings, which was the bishop’s hundred by service inter alia of ward of the castle of Devizes, which castle, originally the bishop’s, had been taken out of the bishop’s hands in Stephen’s time and appropriated to the Crown. We do not know, on the other hand, where the other Mellepeis’ fee lay. The evidence of the “ schedule,” with the illustrative documents which follow, points to the existence of an estate in Bupton, held of the bishop and by the service of one knight’s fee, which was certainly not Quiutin’s, and our working theory will be that the second Mellepeis’ fee was situate in Bupton, and that thisis it. We assume that whatever Quintin held in Bupton he held by service of half a knight’s fee, and that it descended from father to son, being known as Lower Bupton, until its sale by Henry Quintin in 1600 to Gabriel Pile. Various settlements, &c., dealing with it are summarized in the “schedule,” of great value for the Quintin pedigree, with which for the present we do not propose to deal. Of the lands held in 1255 by William Bubbe, presumably by service of half a knight’s fee, we have no further account. This fraction of a fee is represented perhaps by various small parcels of land in Bupton of which we find incidental mention. It remains to be seen if we can put together any consecutive account of what, by assumption, was the second Mellepeis’ fee. 470 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. Disregarding the Fisherton difficulty, to which attention has already been called, it appears that Miles, son of Miles de Bobeton, living in 1319, gave (No. 3 of the “‘ schedule”) his estate to John de Bobeton and Sarah, wife of the said John. John in 1336 by feoffment, and release (No. 7) had thereon, gave his manor of Bobbeton to Hugh de Bobbeton and William Winslow. Hugh released (No. 8) ,his right to William, and William being thus solely seised in fee granted parcel of the manor back (No 5) to John de Bobbeton and Sarah, with remainders over. These re- mainders may conceivably have been to Walter de Freney and Maud his wife, to whom the said John de Bobeton grants (No. 6) about the same time a messuage and rood land in tail. In 1386, at any rate, we find(No. 9) Thomas Franie, presumably a descendant of Walter and Maud, in possession of the manor which he grants to John Boddton and Robert Hobbe, by the description of all his lands in “ Bobbeton near Clive Pypard,” receiving it back, jointly with Isabel his wife, by the grant (No. 11) of John de Boditon, in tail, with remainders over. There is independent proof of his existence, An inquisition was taken, 1st October, 1381, at Wootton Bassett, touching lands at Woodhill, in the parish of Clyffe Pypard, by the oath of Walter Botiller, Richard Priour, Thomas Freygnes, Thomas Quyntyn, in that order, and others. Here the “schedule” fails us, and we must have recourse in the first instance to evidence of a class that is nearly always suggestive, but not infrequently inaccurate and occasionally misleading. In the present instance, if it were not for a pedigree entered at the Visitation of Wilts, in 1623, we should be very much at a loss to adjust the evidence of the “schedule” to the other facts at our disposal or to arrive at any kind of conclusion. It is a pedigree of the family of Pile of Bupton, certified by Thomas, second son of Sir Gabriel Pile. Considerably more extended than the majority of such descents, it covers nine generations, and proffers what is evidently an explanation of the original settlement of the family at Bupton, as follows :— The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 471 Tho: Fraine de Bubton in com: Wilts.—= | Thomas Horne.—Alicia filia et her. Tho. F raine de Bubton. Willelmus Horne. = | Pals Horne, Elizab. filia Wilielmi—Richard Pile. filius et heres, Horne et coheres ob. s.p. fratris Thome Horne. | Willelmus Pile de Bubton= filius et heres. Thomas Pile de Bubton in—= com. Wilts fil. et her. | | Gabriell Pile de Bubton in com. Wilts, miles. Such, omitting some names of wives not immediately to the purpose, is the pedigree. Latent in it there is an inaccuracy of the usual kind. We have evidence, which is good enough, that Thomas son of William Horne, whose death without issue opened the succession to Elizabeth Pile, his sister, or her issue, was born in or about the year 1466. We have the strongest possible evi- dence that William Horne, the son of Alice (Fraine), was of full age in 1426, that is to say, his birth occurred between 1400 and 1405 at the latest. Now it scarcely needs to be pointed out that it is not normal for a man’s son and heir to be born from sixty to sixty-six years after his own birth. It is quite certain, on the other hand, that the father of Thomas was called William ; it is equally certain that the son and heir of Alice was called William ; and the error resolves itself into the venial, or at any rate the very common mistake of rolling two generations, of the same name, into one. The pedigree informs us that Thomas Fraine, of Bupton, hada daughter and heir, Alice. If, as is not improbable, the settlement 472 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. of Bupton manor in 1386 on Thomas Fraine and Isabel, his wife, was made on the occasion of their marriage, we may suppose that this daughter Alice was born in or about that year. The fine which follows, levied in 1426, forty years later, introduces us to an Alice, widow of Thomas Horne, lady of the manor of Bupton, which by this fine she gives to one William Horne, and others, and the heirs of William. All this accords with the pedigree, which tells us that Alice, the daughter of Thomas Fraine, did marry one Thomas Horne, by whom she had a son and heir William. May-June, 1426. Final concord, the quinzaine of Trinity, 4 Henry 6, between, Robert Longe, John Gyles, and William Horne, querents, and, Alice who was the wife of Thomas Horne, deforciant, of the manor of Bobetoun with its appurtenances. The said Alice acknowledged the said manor to be the right of the said William, as that which the said William, Robert, and John have of her gift, and released and quitclaimed it from herself and her heirs to the said Robert, John and William, and the heirs of William for ever; and besides the said Alice granted for herself and her heirs that they will warrant to the said Robert, John and William, and the heirs of William the aforesaid manor against all men for ever. For this Robert John and William gave her 100 marks. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 61 (21). The ostensible effect of this fine was to extinguish the interest of Alice Horne in the manor of Bupton and to convey it to Longe, Gyles, and Horne, who, as soon as the transaction was complete, were seised of it, the said Longe and Gyles in their demesne as of free tenement, and the said Horne in his demesne as of fee. The difficulty and the danger, however, of deductions from this kind of record is that the fine seldom if ever stood alone. To understand its effect we require to know by what other instruments its use was “led” or “declared.” In the present instance it may have been considered desirable to bar or to attempt to bar existing entails by levying a fine of the manor, while the immediate cause sug- gesting the precaution may have been a marriage in contemplation by the heir, William Horne, or remarriage by his mother, Alice. There are indications that both events occurred. A subsidy having been granted in the last Parliament of “ 6s. 8d. on every knight’s fee throughout England, no portion smaller than la The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 473 a quarter to be taxed,” an inquisition was accordingly taken, Tuesday before Midsummer, 6th Henry 6 (1428), in the hundred of “Canynges” to ascertain what fees, or parts of fees, in that hundred were liable to be assessed. The jurors found, inter alia, that :— Willelmus Shirle et Alicia uxor ejus tenent inmediate de episcopo Saris- buriensi certa terras et tenementa in Bobuton, que nuper fuerunt Johannis de Bobuton, per servicium unius feodi militis. This is the record referred to above as establishing that, in 1428, Bupton was accounted part of the hundred of Cannings. The words “que nuper fuerunt Johannis de Bobuton” refer back to the aid—the particulars of which, unhappily, are not now forthcoming for the county of Wilts—levied for knighting the King’s eldest son, 20 Edward 3 (1346), at or about which date, as we have learned from the “ schedule,” John de Bobeton and Sarah his wife were actually in possession of the manor of Bupton; and although we have not been able to produce absolute proof that the manor held by John de Bobeton in 1336 was the selfsame manor held in 1386 by Thomas Fraine, there does not appear to be any possible doubt that such was the case; but, if this be allowed, neither can there be any doubt that the lands and tene- ments held in 1428 by William Shirle and Alice his wife repre- sented the manor held in 1386 by Thomas Fraine. Granting this identification, we obtain assurance that Fraine’s manor of Bupton was held for a knight’s fee, and additional support for the theory that it represented the spare fee of Mellepleis. Further we discover that between June, 1426, when she levied a fine of his manor of Bupton as the widow of Thomas Horne, and June, 1428, the date of this inquisition, Alice, the daughter and heir of Thomas Fraine, had remarried. Also it appears that, unless the jurors were unaware of the transaction, the fine had not, as suggested above, been so effectual as might appear in divesting her of all estate in that manor. As for the non-mention of the Quintin fee in this inquisition— the only mention in it of Bupton is the entry quoted above—we are free to suppose that it had become attenuated and by sales, 474 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. gifts in frank marriage, or otherwise, become reduced below the quarter which was the minimum for assessment, that the service had been in some way commuted, or, simply that it was overlooked. It is well to bear in mind that the knight’s fee was not a measure of land, but a unit of assessment. A bishop might hold almost innumerable manors by, let us say, the service of five knights. That was his bargain with the King. He himself made his bargain with his own kuights, and though we may produce an example of the sort of bargain struck by one of the de Dunstan- villes with a Wiltshire tenant, it does not follow that the bishop of Salisbury adopted the same standard. The particular transaction alluded to was as follows (Deeds P.R.O., A. 10146) :— Grant by Walter de Dunstanvill in fee and heredity to Reginald de Daivill for his service, of 100s. of land in Winterburn, viz., 80a. in one field and 82a. in the: other, provided for the said Reginald from his demesne and de- livered for 100s. worth: of land by the lawful oath of the men of that town, with pasture for the oxen of two ploughs in common with his oxen, and pasture for 200 sheep with his sheep. ‘To hold by service of a half knight ; and the said Reginald shall do the full service of a knight when Walter shall have provided him other 100s. worth of land, &e. Witnesses, Thomas and Alan Basset, &c. To return from this digression, at this point of the history a fresh complication is introduced. In the same return of 1428, in the inquisition taken the Saturday before Midsummer, for the hundred of Kingsbridge, in which, as mentioned above, Bupton is locally situate, occurs the following finding :— Willelmus Horn tenet inmediate de Johanna, regina Anglie, ut de manerio suo de Hampstede Marschall, certa terras et tenementa, ut de jure uxoris sue, in Brodeton, que nuper fuerunt Johannis Bernard, per servicium quarte partis unius feodi militis. The family of Bernard, of Broadtown was ancient. We have already noted a Michael Bernard on a jury for Kingsbridge Hundred in 1255, and with the assistance of entries on the Close Roll, &c., a pedigree of some generations of the name might doubtless be drawn. It had ended at last, according to the above passage, in an heiress married to William Horn, and it was, possibly, upon the occasion of this marriage, as above suggested, that the fine was levied of Bupton to William and his heirs. Born, let us The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 475 say, in 1406, married by 1428, with a son (William), born to him about 1436—such is the pedigree we suggest. If this view is correct we should expect to find Bernard’s manor of Broadtown and Fraine’s manor of Bupton descending together _ in the line of Horne, and of this there is a very strong suggestion _ in one part of the evidence which follows. We do not find them, however, mentioned together where we should most confidently - look for them, in the solitary inquisition taken on the death of ' any member of this Horne family now extant, namely on the death of William Horne, in 1488. This inquisition was taken at Wilton, 2nd November (on a writ of diem clausit 25th Oct.) 4 Henry 7 (1488). William Horne, it was found, held no lands of the King, in demesne or in service, at his death; but he had been seised of the manor of Bubton in his demesne as of fee, holding it of the bishop of Salisbury by 2s. rent _ at Michaelmas yearly, other services unknown ; and, being so seised, by charter indented 6 June, 12 Edward 4 (1472) he enfeoffed Henry Long, John Bayly, William Stodeley, and John Horne (presumably his brother) thereof, to the use of himself and his heirs. He died 26 May last (1488). Thomas Horne aged 22 and more, is his son and heir. (Jnq. p.m., Chane. Ser. II., Vol. 4, (28).) If his son was 22 years old in 1488, born, that is to say, about 1466, we may conclude that he was himself born about 1436, son of William Horne (born about 1406) by the heiress of Bernard, and grandson of Alice Fraine. His father must have been dead in 1472, when he was seised of the manor and gave it to feoffees. Another mention of him is found in 1478 (De Banco Roll, Mich. 18 Edw. 4, rot. 54), when, by the description of William Horne, of Clyff Pypard, “gentilman,” he was sued, together with Thomas Bright, of Cotesmersshe, “husbondman,” by one William Hooper ie detaining a box (pixidem) full of charters and muniments. ‘The nature of the charge implies a dispute as to land, and the “subsequent proceedings in the suit, if traced, might prove in- structive. _ With William’s son, Thomas Horne, the direct male line failed, and the inheritance passed to Pile, as the pedigree suggests, in | VOL, XXXV.—NO. CIX. 24H 476 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. marriage with Elizabeth, sister to Thomas. But note that she is called “co-heir,”’ whereby we are advertised that it was not the whole inheritance which so passed. The inquisition taken on the death of Sir Gabriel Pile, in 1627, would be sufficient to show that by no means all his estate in Bupton had come to him by descent. The difficulty, rather, is to discover, where so much was purchased, what were inherited lands. The “schedule” itself is evidence that he had increased his estate. One such bargain (No. 29) is described as a “purparty,” or more definitely in an earlier document (No. 18) as ‘a third part” of the manor of Bupton. The external evidence is to the same effect. Between 1527 and 1530 fines were levied of thirds of the manor of Bupton, the inference being clear that Thomas, who, as we have seen above, was born about 1466, was then dead and his patrimony partitioned between his three sisters, or their representatives. Given that Elizabeth Pile was his sister, upon no other theory could the manor have been divisible in thirds. In Clyffe, as elsewhere, it was a period of great change. A moneyed man from London (Alderman) William Dauntesay, had come on the scene. He was buying land in Wiltshire and experimenting at Clyffe. He had just bought the manor house and lands from the Cobhams, as appears by the following fine :— 8rd Feb., 1525-6. Final concord, the morrow of the Purification, 17 Henry 8, between William Dantesey, Ambrose Dantesey, William Holes, Michael Dormer, and Robert Smith, querents, and Edward Cobham and Joan his wife, deforciants, of the manor of Clyff Pyppard alias Pippard Cleve, also of ten messuages 500a. land, 100a. meadow, 300a. pasture, 100 a. wood, 200a. moor and 40s. rent and the rent of twenty cocks, twenty hens and 100 eggs in Clyff Pyppard. The said Edward and Joan acknowledged the said manor, tenements and rent to be the right of the said William Dantesey, as those which the same William, Ambrose, William Holes, Michael and Robert have of their gift and they released and quit claimed them from them, Edward and Joan, and the heirs of Edward to the said William, Ambrose, William, Michael and Robert, and the heirs of the said William Dantesey for ever; and besides the said Edward and Joan granted for themselves and the heirs of Joan that they will warrant the said manor tenements and rent to the said William Ambrose, William, Michael and Robert and the said heirs of the said William Dantesey against all men for ever; for this acknowledgment, &c., the said William, Ambrose, William, Michael and Robert have given the said Edward and Joan 2807. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 13—20 H. 8, No. 19. The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 477 In the following year he added to his estate by the purchase of a third of the manor of Bupton, bought in the name of Ambrose Dauntesay and others of Robert and Margaret Edge :— 3 Feb. 1526-7. Final concord, the morrow of the Purification, 18 Henry 8, between Ambrose Dawncy, William Willyngton, Edmund Marvyn, and Michael Dormer, querents, and Robert Edge and Margaret his wife, defor- ciants, of a third part of the manor of Bobeton, with appurtenances and of a third part of three messuages, 200a. land 40a. meadow, 300a. pasture and 30s. rent, in Cleve Pypard alias Pypard Cleve. Robert and Margaret acknowledged the aforesaid third parts to be the right of the said Ambrose, as those which the same Ambrose, William, Edmund and Michael have by the gift of the said Robert and Margaret, and released and quitclaimed them from them, Robert and Margaret and the heirs of Margaret to the aforesaid Ambrose, William, . Edmund, and Michael, and the heirs of Ambrose, for ever ; and besides the said _ Robert and Margaret granted for themselves and the heirs of Margaret that they will warrant the aforesaid third parts with appurtenances to the aforesaid Ambrose, William, Edmund and Michael and the heirs of Ambrose, against all men for ever; for this, &¢. Ambrose, William, &c. have given them 801. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 13—20 Hen. 8, No. 27. It is clear from the above that the third was held by Robert and Margaret Edge in her right, and it is to be presumed, ac- ‘cordingly, that she was sister, or niece, of Elizabeth Pile. _ For some reason which does not appear the Dauntesays did not long hold their purchases at Clyffe. On 26th April, 1530, according to a note by Canon Jackson to Aubrey, William Dauntesay sold the manor of Clyffe to John Goddard, of Aldbourn, gentleman. On 21st October, 1531, as appears by the “schedule ” (Nos. 17 and 18), he sold his third of the manor of Bupton, bought of “ Richd.” Edge, to the same purchaser. Leaving this third, for the time, in the possession of John Goddard and his representatives, and supposing another third to be descending in the family of Pile, we are concerned to discover what was happening to the remainder. _ Inthe curious work entitled “ Duchetiana,” printed for that i ndefatigable antiquary, the late Sir George Ducket, occurs (p. 240) the following passage :— ' _. . . §' Lionel Duckett and his nephew Stephen were the first of the Hartham branch who settled in Wilts. Still it is somewhat remarkable that _ the name was known in that county before the coming of the Hartham and Calstone line. In testimony of this we quote an extract from a letter of the 2a Hi 478 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. Rev. Canon Jackson, of Leigh Delamere, to a friend :—‘‘ Amongst old desed at Clyffe Pypard Manor House, I found, when on a visit to Mr. H. Nelson Goddard, the following (some formal trust release, I fancy) :—1510 Robert Duket of Winterslow, quitclaimed to John Croke all right to lands in Clyffe Pypard late W™. Cobham’s. (The seal has perished.)”’ That the Ducket interest here was not merely fiduciary, as suggested by Canon Jackson, appears from the following fine :— 25 June, 1530. Final concord, the morrow of S'. John the Baptist, 22 Henry 8, between Christopher Bussher and Richard Williames, querents, and Robert Dukett and Elizabeth his wife and Richard Somner, deforciants, of a third part of the manors of Bubbeton and Barnardys, and of twelve messuages, 300a. land, 42a. meadow, 100a. pasture, 6a. wood, and 20s. rent, in Bubbeton, Clevepiperd, Thornhill, Cotmerssh, Brodtown, Brodhenton, Yatesbury, High Swyndon, Even Swyndon and Rodborn, also of a third part of pasture for 76 oxen, 346 sheep, in the marshes of Thornhill, Cotmersshe, Cleveswode, Whetehill, Even Swyndon, Westlese, and North Lese. Robert and Elizabeth, and Richard Somner acknowledged the said third parts to be the right of the said Richard Williames, as those which he and Christopher have by their gift, and released and quitclaimed them from them, Robert and Elizabeth and Richard Somner, and the heirs of Elizabeth, to the said Cristopher and Richard Williames and the heirs of Richard Williames for ever; and further the said Robert and Elizabeth granted for themselves and the heirs of Elizabeth that they will warrant the said third parts to the said Christopher and Richard Williames and the heirs of Richard Williames against all men for ever. For this acknowledgment, &c. the said Christopher and Richard Williames have granted the said third parts to the said Robert and Richard Somner and given them back in the same court, to hold to the said Robert and Richard Somner and the heirs of Robert of the chief lords of that fee by the services therefore due. The manor here described, curiously enough, as “ Barnardys,” is almost certainly that manor in Broadtown which was held in 1428, as we have noted above, by William Horn in right of his wife, and we now find it descending, as we should expect, in com- pany with the manor of Bupton. Robert Dukett, whom we gather from Canon Jackson’s note immediately above, was of Winterslow in this county, was possessed of a third of both manors, with ap- purtenances in widely-scattered parishes, jointly with his wife Elizabeth, and as it would seem, in her right, for not only is the warranty against her heirs, but the whole object apparently in levying the fine is to destroy her estate and to vest her inheritance in Robert and his heirs in fee. As in the case of Margaret Edge, we have no clue to the The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 479 parentage of Elizabeth Dukett. It is conceivable that she was sister of Elizabeth, the wife of Richard Pile, more probably she was that lady’s niece, but in any case, and in some fashion, we must suppose that she represented one-third of the families and inheritances of Horne, Fraine and Bernard. Again the curtain falls, but twenty years later we find one Owen Dukett, a son or other representative of Robert Dukett, no doubt, selling what is now described as “ the manor of Bubbeton,” not a third part of the manor, to Thomas Pile, whom we may identify as Thomas the grandson of Richard Pile and Elizabeth Horn, his wife. ‘The reduction of acreage between the first and second of these transactions is accounted for sufficiently by the fact that whereas Robert and Elizabeth Dukett are dealing with the manors of Bupton and “ Barnardys,” what Owen sells by the fine which follows is (a third of) the manor of Bupton only :— April 1550. Final concord in the quinzaine of Easter, 4 Edward 6, between Thomas Pyle querent and Owin Dukett and Winifred his wife deforciants of the manor of Bubbeton, and of six messuages, four cottages, four tofts, 100a. land, 40a. meadow, 100a pasture, 6a. wood, 30a. marsh, 26s. 8d. rent, in Cleve Pepperd, Radborne, Brode Town, Yattesburye and Thornyll. Owin and Winifred acknowledged the said manor and tenements to be the right of Thomas, as those which he has by their gift, and released and quitclaimed them from them, Owin and Winifred, and the heirs of Owin, to Thomas and his heirs for ever; further they have granted for themselves and the heirs of Winifred, that they will warrant the said manor and tenements to the said Thomas and his heirs for ever. For this Thomas has given the said Owin and Winnifred 1601. Upon our theory two-thirds of the F raine-Horne manor of _ Bupton were now reunited in the family of Pile, one third coming by descent, the other third acquired by purchase from Duckett. The remaining third we left in possession of John Goddard, by purchase from Dauntsey. That was in 1581. It continued in the Goddard family for the following seventy years. Thomas Goddard leased it (No. 20) to William Goddard in 1594. This lease was assigned (No. 28) by Francis Goddard and Thomas Goddard of Bupton to Thomas Goddard of Standen Hussey in July, 1601, with a view, doubtless, to the sale of the freehold in August following (Nos. 29—33) to Gabriel Pile, when, upon our theory, the 480 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. _ whole manor of Bupton, or possibly more correctly Great Bupton, was once nore re-united in one man’s hand. In the previous year, 1600, as appears by the “ schedule,” Gabriel Pile had acquired the ancient Quintin inheritance, or what re- mained of it, in Bupton, or more correctly, Lower Bupton. Nos. 22—27, and 34—35, record what it is impossible not to consider asa melancholy transaction. “ All the mannor house and demeasnes of Bubton”’ (No. 22) which from an age apparently so remote had been the home of his ancestors, were sold by Henry Quintin. The memory and the pity of it were still fresh when John Aubrey wrote. It was a small matter so far as acreage is concerned. In the Pile inquisitions printed below it figures as a messuage, garden, orchard, and about 1660. In the inquisition taken after the death of Michael Quintin, in 1576, it is described as “a capital messuage, wherein he was dwelling at the time of his death, in Bupton within the parish of Cleve Peperd, co. Wilts, 50a. arable, 50a. pasture, and 30a. meadow in Bubton aforesaid.” Of the estate acquired in Bupton by Sir Gabriel Pile, whether by inheritance or purchase, there is a detailed account in the in- quisition taken after his death; but before considering this docu- ment we may as well dispose of one or two other, and earlier notices of separate holdings in Bupton. Thus last on a list of thirteen freeholders in the hundred of Cannings Episcopi,in 1607-8, printed in this Magazine, (vol. xix,, p. 256), is entered “ William Harrold of Bupton gen’.”. Highway, which, as we have seen above, was also included in the bishop’s hundred, occurs—-and still in Cannings hundred, in the same list. “Ralph Hollowaye of Highway” is the freeholder, a curious blunder on the part of the editor (Canon Jackson), the printer, or the MS.,, since beyond doubt “Ralph Calley of Highway” is the person meant. How William Harrold came by his qualification here does not appear. Possibly by purchase from Pile, or possibly we have met here with a trace of that (half) fee of William Bubbe, which confessedly we have not accounted for: but exactitude in such cases is impossible ; it is enough if we recognise that there were acres to spare in The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 481 Bupton, after all the holdings of Horne, or Quintin, or Pile are reckoned. Then there is the purchase by Brunker of a small parcel of land, &c., of which the prior history is not known :— ia i ee i el 8 Nov., 1535. Final concord, the morrow of Souls, 27 Henry 8, between Henry Brunker, querent, and Simon Bacon and Margaret, his wife, de- forciants, of 20a. land, 20a. meadow, and 20a. pasture, in Bubton, Cleve- pypard, Cotemarshe, and Thornhill. Simon and Margaret have acknowledged the tenements to be the right of Henry as those which he has by their gift, and released and quitclaimed them, from them and their heirs, to Henry and his heirs for ever, and they have granted for them and the heirs of Simon that they will warrant the tenements to Henry and his heirs against all men. For this he has given them 40/. Next we have some notes of a small parcel of twelve acres of meadow in Bupton, held, in 1346, of John de Bubbeton, together with a small cottage and 40a. land in Barwick Bassett, the ad- joining parish on the south, held of Gilbert de Berewyk, which together had formed part of the estate of Hugh Despenser. William de Beauver applies for a grant of this property from the crown, and an inquisition full of points of interest was taken locally as to its nature, &c. The first notice of this small estate seems to be an entry on the originalia roll, 18 Edw. 3, No. 9 (1344) to the effect that the King has committed to the keeping of his yeoman (valetto) William de Beauver a messuage, 40a. land and 12a. meadow in Berewyk and Bobbeton, co. Wilts, which came to the King’s hands by the forfeiture of Hugh le Despenser, earl of Winchester, to hold to the end of ten years at 22s. rent. In 20 Edw. 3, as appears by the originalia roll for that year, Nos. 6 and 14, the King, at the ‘supplication of William de Beauver committed to William de Farle the keeping of the land, &ec., as described above, for the same term at the same rent. The desire of William de Beauver to be rid of his bargain is explicable in the light of the findings of the jury, referred to above, which follow :— Edwardus (&c.) dilecto et fideli suo Johanni de Roches, escaetori suo in comitatu Wiltes’. Supplicavit nobis Willelmus de Beauver ut cum nos nuper unum mesuagium (&c.) in Berewyk & Bubbeton que per forisfactum Hugonis le Despenser comitis Wyntonie in manum nostram devenerunt ut dicitur 482 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. concesserimus habenda et tenenda ad terminum decem annorum reddendo inde nobis ad scaccarium nostrum viginti et duos solidos per annum, velimus concedere et confirmare prefato Willelmo quod ipse mesuagium (&c.) habeat et teneat sibi et heredibus suis (&c.) reddendo inde annuatim predictos viginti et duos solidos, (&c.). Nos volentes per vos certiorari si absque dampno (&c.). Teste Leonello filio nostro carissimo custode Anglie apud Wyndesore vij die Julii anno regni nostri Anglie vicesimo (1846) &c. (with memorandum of execution of the writ endorsed). Inquisicio capta apud Berewyk Basset coram Johanne de Roches escaetore domini regis in comitatu Wiltes, xxviij die Augusti anno regni regis Edwardi terci] post conquestum vicesimo (1346) virtute cujusdam brevis &ec. per sacramentum Willelmi Arnald Willelmi Frankelayn Roberti de Moneketon Walteri Frankelayn, Simonis Frankelayn Roberti le Vikeres Rogeri Crispe Johannis de Chilton Johannis Waaz Johannis Brian Johannis Touky et Johannis Parys. Qui dicunt quod non est ad dampnum nec prejudicium domini regis seu aliorum si dictus dominus rex concedat et confirmat Willelmo de Beauver unum mesuagium quadraginta acras terre et duodecim acras prati in Berewyk predicto et Bubbeton que per forisfactum Hugonis le Despenser comitis Wyntonie in manum domini regis devenerunt tenendum predicto Willelmo et heredibus suis de dicto domino rege et heredibus suis imperpetuum Reddendo inde per annum ad scaccarium suum viginti et duos solidos. Item dicunt quod mesuagium et terra predicta tenentur de Gilberto de Berewyk in capite per servicium unius denarii per annum et quod pratum predictum tenetur de Johanne de Bubbeton in capite per servicium duodecem denariorum per annum solvendorum in festo sancti Michaelis Archangeli. Et dicunt quod predictum mesuagium nichil valet per annum ultra reprisam eo quod non est nisi unum parvum cotagium totum ruinosum et deterioratum. Et dicunt quod de predictis quadraginta acris terre possunt seminari per annum viginti acre et tune valet acra quando seminatur. iijd. Et si non seminantur nichil valent quia jacent in communa predicti Gilberti et tenencium suorum et quia dictus Hugo seu antecessores sui nunquam habuerunt ibidem ratione terre predicti aliquam communam nec aliquod aliud proficium nisi tantummodo blada in predicta terra crescencia quando seminabatur. Et dicunt quod predictum pratum quando falcatur valet ‘per annum. xijs. et non plus quia jacet in communa hominum et tenencium de Bubbeton a festo sancti Petri quod dicitur ad vincula usque festum Annunciacionis dominice et quia nisi predictum pratum falcetur ante idem festum sancti Petri nullum inde percipiet proficuum nec predictus Hugo nec aliquis alius antecessorum suorum aliquam communam seu aliquod proficuum ibidem habuerunt nisi tantummodo fenum ante dictum festum sancti Pauli faleatum. In cujus (&e.) Data apud Berewyk predictum die et anno supradictis. Ing. A. Q. D. File 281 (4). There is incidental mention of a William de Stok (cf, No. 4 of “schedule ”) styled as “of Bupton,” in 1306, as follows :— Noy. 1806. A fine was levied at Westminster in the quinzaine of St. Martin 35 Edward [1] by William de Stok of Bubbeton, by John Lovel, his 5 7 } The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 483 attorney, to Henry de Bristoll and Parnel his wife, by William de Boudon their attorney, of a messuage in Marlebergh, in consideration of 20 marks. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 30 (83). Lastly, an interesting series of fines introduce us to an Essex man, apparently, dealing jointly with his wife, in certain con- siderable estates in Yatesbury, Bupton and Hilperton. After considerable enquiries there does not seem much explana- tion to offer as to the identity of John Tany or Wenthilian, his wife, and how their interest in these places originated remains a mystery. He figures in various classes of public records between 1280 and 1315, being returned as dead in 1316—7: but there is no certainty that all these references are to the same man. In 1292, however, a John Tany acknowledges a debt to be levied in default on his lands, &c., in Wilts, Essex, and Berks, an entry which links up the two sets of references, those relating to a member of the very distinguished family of the name in Essex, and those, fewer in number, relating to a landowner in the western counties. . Again, with regard to the parentage of his wife all enquiry has so far been baffled, although the inquisition taken after her death, and a quantity of subsequent proceedings are in existence. She died on the feast of the Assumption, 29 Edward I (15th Aug., 1301), when an intricate series of investigations were required to determine who were the heirs not of herself but of her previous husband. She had been first married to one Eustace de Wrokeshale, ap- parently of a Wiltshire family, but it is not with his paternal but his maternal family that the inquest was concerned. He was the only son of one Geoffrey de Wrokesale by Juliana, his wife, daughter and coheir of Richard le Waleys by Maud, daughter and coheir of Ralph de Lanveley. Concerning all these people there is abundant evidence in the records. From Ralph de Lanveley there had descended to Juliana the moiety of his manor of Eastbury in Lambourne, co. Berks, and with this moiety Eustace, by his mother’s consent, had dowered his wife, Wenthlian, at the church door. Juliana died in 1283, but her son Eustace had pre-deceased 484 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. her, childless. Wenthlian survived, and for the next twenty years enjoyed her dower, which on her death became divisible between the sisters of Eustace or their heirs. The object of levying the first of the following fines is difficult to understand. It affects both the lands in Yatesbury, &c., and in Hilperton. Whatever its effect, it did not destroy the seisin of the deforciants :— April, 1283. Final concord in King’s court at Shrewsbury in the quinzaine of Easter, 11 Edward [1]between John Tany and Wentliana his wife, querents and Walter de Barevile and William his brother deforciants, by William Gore put in their place to gain or lose, of two messuages and two carucates of land in Yatesburi and Bubbeton. Walter and William acknowledged the aforesaid tenements to be the right of John and gave them back to the same John and Wentlyanain the same court, to hold to the same John and Wentlyana and to the heirs which the same John may have begotten of the said Wentlyana, of the said Walter and William all the life of the said Walter and William, rendering therefore yearly a rose at Midsummer for all service and by doing therefore to the chief lords of those fees for the aforesaid Walter and William all other services which to those tenements belong; and the aforesaid Walter and William will warrant to the same John and Wentlyana and the heirs of the said John aforesaid the aforesaid tenements by the aforesaid services against all men, all the life of the said Walter and William ; and after the decease of each of the said Walter and William, the same John and Wentlyana and the heirs of John aforesaid shall hold the said tenements of the chief lords of those fees by the services which to those tenements belong for ever; and if by chance it happen that the said John die without heir of the body of the said Wentlyana begotten, then the aforesaid tenements after the decease of the said Wentlyana are to remain to the next heirs of John, to hold of the chief lords, &e.; for this acknowledgment warranty, fine and concord the same John and Wentlyana granted to the aforesaid Walter and William the manor of Hulperton to hold to them of the said John and Wentlyana and the heirs of John aforesaid all the life of the said Walter and William, rendering therefore yearly 1/b. wax at Easter for all service custom and exaction; and the aforesaid John and Wentlyana and the heirs of John aforesaid will warrant, acquit and defend the aforesaid manor of Hulperton to the same Walter and William by the aforesaid service against all men all the life of the said Walter and William, and after the decease of the said Walter and William the aforesaid manor of Hulperton is to revert to the aforesaid John and Wentlyana and the heirs of John aforesaid quit of the heirs of the said Walter and William to hold of the chief lords of that fee by the services which to that manor belong for ever; and besides the said John and Wentlyana have given to the said Walter and William 100 marks. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 25 (14.) Entered on the Close Roll is the assignment, 20th May, 1310, to Alexander de Fryvill and Joan, his wife, kinswoman and co-heiress a ee I eee r The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 485 of Isabel, late the wife of William Walrond, of their purparty of her inheritance. This includes lands at Yatesbury and 20s. yearly rent from John de Tany, a free tenant there. The next two fines show John and Wenthlian selling, apparently, parcels of their land to Quintin and Colchester :— April, 1285. Final Concord in King’s court at Westminster in the trese- maine of Easter 18 Edward [1] between Jordan Quyntin and Goda his wife querents and John de Tany and Wentlihana his wife impedients, of a messuage and thirty acres of land in Bubbeclyve, whereof a plea of warranty of charter was summoned between them in the same court, to wit that the aforesaid John and Wentilhana acknowledged the aforesaid tenements to be the right of the said Jordan, as those which the same Jordan and Goda have by the gift of the aforesaid John and Wentilhana, to hold to the same Jordan and Goda and the heirs of the said Jordan of the chief lords of that fee by the services which to those tenements belong for ever, and for this acknow- ledgment, fine and concord the same Jordan and Goda gave to the aforesaid John and Wentilhana 100 marks : Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 25 (27). The above will probably prove of service for drawing a pedigree of Quintin. With regard to the following fine it is to be noted that apparently an Elias son of John de Colchester succeeded to the Tany estate in Latton, co. Essex; but the connexion of our John de Tany with Latton is not proved, and the identity of name may be a coincidence only :— April, 1285. Final Concord, in the King’s Court at Westminster in the tresemaine of Easter, 18 Edward [1], between John de Colcestre, querent, and John de Tany and Wentlihana his wife impedients, of 13a. land and 4a meadow in Yatesbir’ whereof a plea of warranty of charter was summoned between them in the same court, to wit that the said John and Wentlihana acknowledged the aforesaid tenements to be the right of the said John de Colcestre as those which the said John de Colcestre has by the gift of the aforesaid John and Wentlihana: to hold to the same John de Colcestre and his heirs of the aforesaid John and Wentlihana and the heirs of Wentlihana for ever; rendering therefore yearly $d. at Michaelmas for all service custom and exaction; and the aforesaid John and Wentlihana will warrant, acquit and defend the aforesaid tenements to the same John de Colcestre and his heirs by the aforesaid service against all men; for this acknowledgment, &c., the same John de Colcestre gave the aforesaid Joan and Wentilhana a sore sparrow hawk. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 25 (29). Colchester occurs again the following year :— 24 May, Final concord, the morrow of the Ascension, 14 Edward [1] 1286. between John de Colcestre and Alice his wife, querents, and Hugh de Oarswell and Idonea his wife, impedients, of a messuage and 486 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 14a.land in Yatesbiry. Hugh and Idonea acknowledged the said tenements to be the right of John as those which John and Alice have by their gift, to hold to the said John and Alice and the heirs of John of them and the heirs of Idonea for ever, rendering 4d. yearly, viz. 1d. at Michaelmas, 1d. at Christmas, 1d. at Easter and 1d. at Midsummer for all service; with warranty by them and the heirs of Idonea against all men; for this John and Alice gave them a sore sparrow hawk. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 26 (7). Lastly, we have a grant by Tany to some member of his own kindred :-— Oct. Final concord in the octave of Michaelmas, 21 Edward[1] between 1293. Peter de Tany, querent, and John de Tany and Wentliana his wife, deforciants, of a carucate of land in Yatesbury and Comton. John and Wentliana acknowledged the said land to be the right of Peter and gave it back to him in the same court to hold to Peter and his heirs of the chief lords of that fee by the services which to that land belong for ever; and they have granted for themselves and the heirs of John that they will warrant the said land to Peter and his heirs against all men ; for this Peter gave them 107. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 27 (16). Wenthliana died, as mentioned above, in 1301. The following are selected from many other documents, as indicating the nature of the enquiries thereupon held :— De terris capiendis Quia Wenthiliana que fuit uxor Eustachii filii Galfridi in manum regis de Wrokeshale que quasdam terras et quedam tene- (28 July, 1302.) menta que de rege tenentur in capite tenuit ad terminum vite sue diem clausit extremum ut rex accepit mandatum est Waltero de Gloucestria escaetori citra Trentam quod omnes terras et tenementa que eadem Wenthilia[na| tenuit de rege in capite die quo obiit sine dilatione capiat in manum regis et ea salvo &c. donec &e. T. R. apud Westmonasterium xxviij die Julii [30 Edw. I.] Fine Roll (30 Edw. I.) No. 100. (m. 7.) Berk’ Rex dilecto et fideli suo Waltero de Glouc’ escaetori de homagio heredum suo citra Trentam, salutem. Sciatis quod cepimus Juliane de Wroxhale homagium Johannis de Cerne, consanguinei et unius heredum Juliane de Wroxhale dudum defuncte et Johannis de Brokenbergh, consanguinei et alterius heredum ejusdem Juliane de rationabilibus propartibus suis, ipsos contingentibus de omnibus terris et tenementis que Wenthiliana de Tany defuncta tenuit die quo obiit ad terminum vite sue, et assignacione prefate Juliane de hereditate heredum ejusdem Juliane, et eisdem Johanni et Johanni propartes illas reddidimus. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod accepta securitate a prefatis Johanne et Johanne, de rationabili relevio suo nobis reddendo ad scaccarium nostrum et facta legali particione omnium terrarum et tenementorum predictorum que occasione mortis prefate Wenthiliane capta sunt in manum nostram juxta extentam per el EEE EEE The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 487 vos inde factam inter heredes et participes terrarum et tenementorum pre- dictorum in presencia Galfridi de Mohun et Margerie uxoris ejus post nate filie et tercie heredum prefate Julianne per vos inde premuniendorum si interesse voluerint in quatuor partes equales, eiisdem Johanni et Johanni de pro- partibus suis ipsos de terris et tenementis predictis secundum legem et consuetudinem regni nostri contingentibus juxta particionem illam plenam seisinam habere faciatis, salvo jure cujuslibet. Retentis in manu nostra proparte prefate Margerie necnon et proparte Henrici de Haddon con- sanguinei et quarti heredum prefate Juliane, infra etatem et in custodia nostra existentis, ipsos inde contingentibus, donec aliud inde preceperimus. Et cum particionem illam feceritis, eam nobis sub sigillo vestro sine dilatione wittatis ut eam in rotulis cancellarie nostre, prout moris est irrotulari faciamus. Teste Rege apud Bynyndon xx die Januarii. per breve de’privato sigillo. Fine Roll (34 Edw I.) No. 104, m. 14. Berk. Rex [&c.] Sciatis quod cepimus fidelitatem Galfridi de De fidelitate Mohun, qui Margeriam postnatam et unam heredum Galfridi de Juliane de Wroxhale dudum defuncte duxit Mobun. in uxorem, de rationabili proparte ipsius Margerie ipsam contingente de omnibus terris et tenementis que Wenthiliana de Tany defuncta tenuit de nobis in capite die quo obiit ad terminum vite sue ex assignacione prefate Juliane de hereditate heredum ejusdem et eisdem Galfrido et Margerie propartem illam reddidimus Ht ideo vobis mandamus quod accepta [&e.] eisdem Galfrido et Margerie de proparte sua ipsos contingente de omnibus terris et tenementis predictis que occasione mortis prefate Wenthiliane capta sunt in manum nostram juxta particionem, quam per vos nuper fieri mandavimus de terris et tenementis predictis, inter heredes et participes eorundem, plenam seisinam habere faciatis, salvo jure cujuslibet, Teste rege apud Hidam juxta Wyntoniam ix die Marcii. Ibid. John Tany survived his wife, and we find him in 1303 sever- ing his connexion with the county of Wilts :— June, 1303. Final concord in the King’s court at York in the octave of St. John the Baptist, 31 Edward [1], between Walter de Pavely and Joan his wife, and Walter son of Walter de Pavely, querents, by John de Paulesholte put in their place to gain or lose, and John de Tany, deforciant, by Thomas le Paumer, put in his place to gain or lose, of the manor of Hulprinton. 2 hoe The said John acknowledged the aforesaid manor to be the right of the said Walter de Pavely, and released and quitclaimed it from himself and his heirs to the aforesaid Walter de Pavely and the heirs of Walter son of Walter de Pavely of his body begotten, and also to the right heirs of the said Walter de Pavely for ever; and besides the same John granted for himself and his heirs that they will warrant to the same Walter de Pavely and Joan, and Walter son of Walter de Pavely and his heirs aforesaid, and also to the right heirs of the said Walter de Pavely the aforesaid manor as is aforesaid 488 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. against all men for ever; for this acknowledgment, &ce. Walter de Pavely, Joan and Walter son of Walter de Pavely gave the said John 2007. Feet of Fines, Wilts. File 29 (2). The original notebook of the Visitation of Wilts in 1623, printed by the late Dr. Marshall—the only copy of this visitation to hand, does not contain any arms for the name of Pile. The following note accordingly, from Addit. MS., 5524, printed in the Genealogist (vol. 24, p. 64), is the more interesting :-— ‘“‘Sir Gabriel Pileof . . . co. Wilts, died Nov. 1626. A shield under the hand of W. Camden, Clarencieux, dated 1616. 1 and 4, Arg. a cross between four piles (or passion nails) Gu. 2, Arg. three bugle horns stringed in pale Gu., garnished Or. 3, Gu. two bars per fess indented Arg. and Az. Impaling for his wife—Gu. five wings displayed Arg. Crest—on a mural coronet Gu. a pelican Or, vulning herself of the first.” The second and third of these coats are assigned in heraldic dictionaries to the names of “Horn” and “ Frene ” respectively. Thus the quartered coat is the complement of the pedigree. The following abstracts of the inquisitions taken on the death of Sir Gabriel Pile, knight, and of Sir Francis Pile, baronet, his son, willserve, perhaps, to illustrate the advisability of not resting con- tent when such enquiries are on foot with the volume of Jnquisitiones Post Mortem for the reign of Charles I. issued to Members of this Society. Excellent as it is, there is no warning prefixed as to its limitations. Here are two inquisitions possessed of every quali- fication for admission. They fall within the reign; they relate to Wiltshire; but unfortunately they relate to Berkshire as well. As Berkshire inquisitions they figure in the official lists, and the responsible editors were not apparently at the pains to investigate the matter and correct such misleading attributions. It is a pity, but doubtless it should not diminish our gratitude for what we have received: only there can be no objection to the giving of the warning here, that the volume is incomplete. The inquisitions themselves serve very fitly as the conclusion of the above notes upon the history of Bupton; for just as the “schedule ” with which they began is in reality the record, though unsatisfactory and imperfect, of the building up of the Pile estate The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 489 here, so these inquisitions show the task completed, the exact number of acres, and by what purchases, acquired. The parcels are enumerated separately, according to the source from which they were respectively derived. The difficulty is, after allowing for the lands bought from one man or another, to discover the residue which, upon our theory, and upon the evidence of the pedigree, is to represent what came by inheritance from Horne. Inquisition taken at Reading, co. Berks, 5th April, 3 Charles (1627) before Ambrose Sheppard, esq., escheator in the said county, by virtue of a writ of diem clausit (12 Feb., 2 Charles, 1626-7) after the death of Gabriel Pile, knt. The said Gabriel Pile, knt., long before his decease was seised in fee of :— The manor and advowson of Compton alias Compton Beauchamp, co. Berks ; The manor of Knightington alias Knighton, co. Berks ; The manor of Axford, co. Wilts; The whole prebend of Axford, in the parish of Ramesbury, co. Wilts, a messuage, two cottages, three gardens, an orchard, 80a. land, 40a. meadow, and 60a. pasture in Axford and Ramesbury, co. Wilts ; A messuage, a garden, an orchard, 50a. land, 40a. meadow, 70a. pasture, and 6a. wood, in Lower Bubpton alias Bubbeton, Woodhill and Corston alias Corton, co. Wilts, lately bought by the said Gabriel Pile of Henry Quintyne, esq. ; A messuage, a cottage, two gardens, 19a. land, 8a. meadow, 16a. pasture, and 10a. furze and heath, in Cleve, co. Wilts, lately in the tenure of one Hooper and one Short ; A messuage, a garden, an orchard, 23a. land, 4a. meadow, and 12a. pasture, in Yeatsebury, co. Wilts, late in the tenure of one Stephens; A cottage, and 5a. land in Cleeve aforesaid, late in the tenure of one Short ; A cottage, 8a. land, 3a. meadow, 11a. pasture, in Titeombe and Colling- borne Kingston, co. Wilts; and being so thereof seised, by his last will dated 12th April, 1623, 21 James, bequeathed the same to Francis Pile, Thomas Pile, William Pile, and Gabriel Pile, his sons, successively, in tail male, with remainder in default to the said Francis and his heirs. The said Gabriel Pile, Knt., long before his decease was seised in fee of :— A messuage, a garden, 36a., land, 12a. meadow, 80a. pasture, 10a. furze and heath, in Brodtowne, commonly called ‘‘ Brodtowne Farme,” co. Wilts, late in the tenure of Roger Spackman ; Two messuages, two tofts, two gardens, two orchards, 100a. land, 20a. meadow, 100a. pasture, 10a. wood, and 10a. furze and heath, in Bubpton alias Bobeton, Woodhill, Corston alias Corton and Cleve, co. Wilts, lately purchased by the said Gabriel Pile, knt., from Thomas Goddard, gentleman - A messuage, a garden, 86a. land, 10a. meadow, 110a. pasture, 10a. wood, and 100a. furze and heath, in Bubton and Cleve, commonly called Great Bubpton, co. Wilts, late in the occupation of John Kingston ; 490 The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. and being so thereof seised by his said last will bequeathed the said messuages in Brodtowne Bubpton alias Bobeton, Corston alias Corton and Cleve, aforesaid, to Dame Anne, then his wife, for the term of her life, with remainder to the said Francis, Thomas, William and Gabriel, succes- sively in tail male, with remainder to the said Francis and his heirs. The said Gabriel Pile, knt., long before his decease was seised in fee of 7a. land, 3a. pasture, in Catsopis, co. Wilts, late in the tenure of John Kingston, and being so seised thereof by his said last will bequeathed them to the said Francis Pile and the heirs of his body, with remainder in default to the said Thomas Pile, William Pile and Gabriel Pile successively in tail male, with remainder in default to the said Francis and his heirs. He died, su seised of the premises. The said manor and advowson of Compton alias Compton Beauchamp, held of the king in chief, by knight service, but by what part of a knight's fee the jurors know not; worth 22/. Manor of Knightington alias Knighton, held of the king in chief by 1/40 of a knight’s fee; worth 51. Manor of Axford, tenure unknown, worth 80s. The prebend of Axford and other the premises in Axford and Ramesbury, tenure unknown, worth 40s. Messuage and other the premises in Lower Bubpton alias Bubbeton, Woodhill and Corston alias Corton, bought of the said Henry Quintyne, tenure unknown, worth 23s. Messuage and other the premises in Cleve, late in the tenure of the said Hooper and Short, tenure unknown, worth 16s. Messuage and other the premises in Yeatsebury, tenure unknown, worth 13s. 4d. The said cottage and 5a. land in Cleve, in tenure of the said Short, tenure unknown, worth 2s. The cottage and other the premises in Titcombe and Collingborne Kingston, tenure unknown, worth 5s. The messuage and other the premises in Broadtowne, tenure unknown, worth 15s. The two messuages and other the premises in Bubpton alias Bobeton, Woodhill, Corston alias Corton and Cleve, bought of Thomas Goddard, tenure unknown, worth 30s. Messuage and other the premises in Bubton and Cleve, called Great Bubpton, tenure unknown, worth 20s. Seven acres land and 8a. pasture in Catsopis, tenure unknown, worth 5s. 4d. The said Gabriel Pile, knight, died 7 Nov. last, before the taking of this inquisition (1626). The said Dame Anne, his wife, survived him, and is still alive, at Collingbourne Kingston aforesaid. The said Francis Pile is his son and heir, and was aged 87 years and more at his father’s death. Ings. Post Mortem, Chancery, Series II., Vol. 437 (93). Nothing apparently was taken from, or added to, the estate in the ten years’ interval between the deaths of Sir Gabriel and of The Society’s MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Bupton. 491 Sir Francis Pile, his son. Thus the inquisition which follows is mainly instructive for purposes of pedigree and declaration of the entail :— Inquisition taken at Wantinge, co. Berks, 20 January, 11 Charles (1635-6) before Richard Pottinger, gent., escheator in co. Berks, by virtue of a writ of diem clausit (26 Nov., 11 Charles, 1635) after the death of Francis Pile, baronet. Findings, as in inquisition on the death of Gabriel his father. The said Francis being so seised, fines were levied by the said Francis Pile, baronet, Thomas, William and Gabriel Pile, esqs., to one Samuel Dunche, esq., of the said manors, prebend, advowson, and other the premises, cos. Berks and Wilts, in Michaelmas Term, 11 Charles; which fines were, touching the manor and prebend of Axford, lands in Axford and Ramesbury, the messuage and other the premises in Lower Bupton a/ias Bubbeton, Woodhill and Corston alias Corton, bought by the said Gabriel Pile, knight, of Henry Quintyne, to the use of the said Francis Pile, named in the writ and Dame Elizabeth then his wife, for the term of their lives in survivorship, with remainder to the use of Francis Pile, now Baronet, then son and heir apparent of Francis Pile named in the writ and of the heirs male of his body upon the body of Mary Dunche, daughter of the said Samuel Dunch, lawfully to be begotten, and for default of such issue to the use of the said Francis Pile the son and of the heirs male of his body begotten, and for default to the use of the said Francis Pile the father and of the heirs male of his body begotten, with remainder in default to the use of the said Thomas, William and Gabriel Pile, the son, successively in tail male, with remainder in default to the use of the right heirs of the said Francis Pile the father; touching the manor and advowson of Compton Beauchamp, the manor of Knightington alias Knighton, co. Berks and all other the premises in Bupton, Corston alias Corton, Cleve, Yeatesbury, Titcombe, Collingbourne Kingston, Broadtowne, and Catsopis, co. Wilts, to the use of the said Francis Pile, the father, for life, with remainder to the use of the said Francis Pile, the son, and of the heirs male of his body on the body of the said Mary Dunch lawfully to be begotten, and for default of such issue to the use of the heirs male of the body of the said Francis Pile the son, lawfully to be begotten, and for default of such issue to the use of the heirs male of the body of the said Francis Pile the father, with remainder to the use of the said Thomas, William, and Gabriel Pile, the son, successively in tail male and in default to the use of the right heirs of the said Francis Pile the father, as by one part of an in- denture dated 30 April, 11 Charles, between the said Francis Pile, the father, ba Thomas Pile, William Pile, Gabriel Pile, the son, and Francis Pile, the son, of the one part, and the said Samuel Dunch and Mary Dunch of the other, more fully appears. The said Dame Elizabeth Pile survives. The said Dame Anne Pile, late the wife of the said Gabriel Pile, knight, _ survives, to wit, at Collingborne Kingston, aforesaid. The said Francis Pile, baronet, died 9 Nov. last past. The said Francis mB yOL. XXXV. NO. CIX. 21 492 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Warrins. Pile, the son, is his son and heir, and was aged at the time of his father’s death, 17 years, 11 months and 5 days. Ings. Post Mortem, Chancery, Series II., Vol. 521 (125). CLYFFE PYPARD—WARRINS. The Society also possesses a small packet of deeds relating to a property in Clyffe, which, according to No. 3—an illiterate docu- ment—lay near the church, with Cobham’s farm on either side. It carried common for sixty sheep and two rams, ten beasts and two mares with a foal, and six oxen. It passes, presumably, from father to son, through five gene- rations, its name (“Warrins”) and the name of the family in possession (“Warreyn”) being both derived from its owner in 1342, viz., “ Warin son of Roger of Clyvepypard.” The pedigree was, possibly, as follows :— Roger of Clyff Pypard—= Warin, son and heir of Roger [born about 1290]= Agnes, gave his land to feoffees, receiving it back in living 1342, with remainders over. 1342. | | John, son of Warin and Agnes,= Alice. Sybil. [born about 1320] of full age: 1342. : $F rem eeereeeseeesaseresensseseseses | Simon Waryn [born about 1350] gave his land=Emma, to feoffees, receiving it back in 1389, with: living remainders over. : 1389. George Warreyn [born about 1380].= | John, son of George Warreyn [born about 1410], sold his lands in 1445 to John Letton and Elizabeth his wife. John Letton, or Latton, although enfeoffed of the premises by John Warreyn jointly with Elizabeth his wife, in 1445, gave them, : : { The Society's MSS. Cly fe Pypard, Warrins. 495 in the lifetime apparently of Elizabeth—for as appears by No. 6 Isabel (which is the same name as Elizabeth) his wife survived him—to feoffees—unless, indeed, this charter refers to other lands in Clyffe which he held in his own right, the prior title of which we do not know. This was in 1457. He was dead before 1476, when the surviving feoffees, Hungerford being dead, released their right (a previous feoffment is not in the collection) to Isabel Latton, widow, and one John Horne, and their heirs. Note how- ever that they say that they had these lands by the feoffment of John and Isabel. Finally, in 1483, Isabel Latton, widow, releases her right in a tenement in Clyffe Pypard called “Warennys” to [the said] John Horn. This John Horn was, presumably, uncle to Elizabeth Pile, certainly a member of that family. The names of the witnesses to these six charters are of value for the history of the community at Clyffe and its immediate neigh- bourhood, for they represent, as is usual in such cases, the adjoin- ing freeholders, whether actually present or not—always a matter of grave doubt, at the execution of the writings. (1) 7 July, 1842. Sciant presentes et futuri quod nos Robertus de Mordone filius Edmundi de Berewyk et Nicholaus Amelote. de Wynterbourne Basset concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Warino filio et heredi Rogeri de Clyvepypard et Agneti uxori sue et Johanni-filio eorundem omnia terras et tenementa nostra cum omnibus suis pertinenciis que habuimus in Clyvepypard predicta ex dono et feoffamento predicti Warini et unam rosam redditus percipiendam annuatim de Alicia et Sibilla filiabus predicti Warini pro uno cotagio cum curtillagio tenemento nostro predicto annexo una cum reversione predicti cotagii et curtillagii cum acciderit post mortem earundem. Habendum et tenendum omnia terras et tenementa predicta, redditum et reversionem predictorum cotagii et curtillagii ut supradictum est cum omni- bus suis pertinenciis predictis Warino et Agneti uxori sue et Johanni filio eorundem et heredibus ipsius Johannis de corpore suo legitime procreatis de ¢apitalibus dominis feodi illius libere quiete bene et in pace jure et hereditarie imperpetuum per servicia inde debita et consueta. Et si contingat quod absit prefatum Johannem sine herede de corpore suo legitime procreato infata decedere volimus (sic) et concessimus pro nobis et heredibus nostris quod omnia predicta terras (sic) et tenementa, redditum et reversionem predicta cotagium et curtillagium ut supradictum est cum omnibus suis pertinenciis heredibus predicti Warini integre revertantur. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte nostre sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis oe 2 a. ka 494 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Warrins. testibus Johanne Bernard Johanne Brian Nicholao Pruet Johanne Toky Johanne Parys Ricardo de Botewelle Johanne Grandyn et aliis. Datum apud Clyvepypard septimo die Julii anno regni regis Edwardi tercii post conquestum sexto decimo. [Seals lost. No endorsement. ] (2) 2 Nov., 1389. Sciant presentes et futuri quod nos Johannes de Bodynton vicarius ecclesie de Clyvepypard et Gregorius de Ufcote dedimus concessimus et hac presenti carta nostra confirmavimus Simoni Waryn et Emme uxori ejus omnia illa terras et tenementa prata pascua et pasturas cum omnibus pertinenciis suis que habuimus ex dono et feofamento predicti Simonis in villa et campis de Clyvepypard. Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascua et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis predictis Simoni et Emme et heredibus de corporibus suis inter eos legitime procreatis libere quiete bene et in pace de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per redditus et servicia inde debita et de jure consueta imperpetuum. Et si predicti Simon et Emma sine herede de corporibus suis inter eos legitime procreato obierint omnia predicta terre et tenementa prata pascua et pasture cum omnibus suis pertinenciis rectis heredibus predicti Simonis remaneant imperpetuum tenenda de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta imperpetuum Et nos vero predicti Johannes et Gregorius et heredes nostri omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascua et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Simoni et Emme et heredibus suis in forma predicta contra omnes gentes warantizabimus acquietabimus et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium sigilla nostra presentibus apposuimus Hiis testibus Johanne Cobeham Thoma Frayn Ricardo Priour Thoma Quyntyn Johanne Bruyther Willelmo Bryght Johanne Taylour et aliis Datum apud Clyve predictam die Martis in festo Animarum anno regni regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum terciodecimo. Seals. (8) 6 May, 1445. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Warreyn filius Georgii Warreyn dedi concessi et in hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Johanni Letton et Elizabethe uxori ejus omnia terras tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas cum omnibus et singulis suis pertinenciis que unquam habui habeo seu quovismodo habere potero de et in uno tenemento in villa de Peppere Cleve per eccleciam de Cleve inter firmam de Cobbons ex utraque parte et unam acram prati in le Longemede et septemdecim acras terre in campis de Pepperecleve predicta cum omnibus aliis pertinenciis provicuis et communis videlicet in campis de Cleve habet communez (sic) cum sextaginta ovibus et cum duobus rammys in tanto quasi le ffermer de Cobbons haberet commune in campis de Clevepepperde et cum decem bestiis cum duobus le marys et uno folio currente cum eis et sex bovis (sic) in le Coodlyn Hyll a die Sancti Crucis quoad ffestum Sancti Michaelis proximum sequentem (sic) videlicet de die ad diem et de anno ad annum Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas et communys cum omnibus aliis et singulis suis pertinenciis in villa et campis de Clevepepperde eS The Society's MSS. Cly ffe Pypard, Warrins. 495 prefatis Johanni et Elizabethe uxore (sic) ejus heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta per presentes. Ef ego vero predictus Johannes et heredes mei omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas communis (sic) cum omnibus aliis et singulis pertinenciis prefatis Johanni et Elizabethe uxore (sic) ejus heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabi- mus et imperpetuum defendemus per presentes. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carta mea (sic) sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Thomas (sie) Quintyn, Willemus Horne, Johannes Brythe, Willelmus Brythe et multis aliis. Data apud Cleve Peppere sexto die Maii anno regni regis Henrici sexti post conquestum Anglie vicesimo tercio. Seal A fleur de lys. (4) Monday, 21st March, 1456-7. Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes Latton dedi concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Edmundo Hungerford militi Henrico Longe Edwardo Basyng et Thome Noreys omnia terras et tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis in villis et campis de Clyvepypperd Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Edmundo Hungerford militi Henrico Longe Edwardo Basyng et Thome Norreys heredibus et assignatis suis imperpetuum de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta Et ego vero prefatus Johannes Latton et heredes mei omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas cum omnibus suis pertinenciis prefatis Edmundo Hungerford militi Henrico Longe Edwardo Basyng et Thome Noreys heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et imper- petuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Thomao (sic) Quinteyne Johanne Cleydon clerico et Willelmo Bryzth et multis aliis Data apud Clyvepypperd die lune proximo ante festum Annunciacionis beate Marie Virginis anno regni regis Henrici sexti post conquestum tricesimo quinto. (5) 4th Nov., 1476. Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit Edmundus Hungerford miles Henricus Longe armiger Edwardus Basyng et Thomas Noreys salutem in domino sempiternam Noveritis nos prefati (sic) Edmundus Henricus Edwardus et Thomas remisisse relaxasse et omnino pro nobis et heredibus nostris imperpetuum quietum clamasse Isabelle Latton vidue et Johanni Horne heredibus et assignatis suis totum jus nostrum titulum seu clameum que habemus habuimus seu aliquo modo infuturum habere poterimus de et in omnibus illis terris et tenementis pratis pascuis et pasturis redditibus revercionibus et serviciis ac omnibus suis pertinenciis que habemus in villa et campis de Clevepeperd in comitatu Wiltes que omnia et singula nuper habuimus ex dono-et feoffamento Johannis Latton et Isabelle predicte quondam uxoris predicti Johannis Latton Habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa prata pascuas et pasturas redditus reverciones et servicia cum omnibus suis perti- nenciis ut supradictum est prefatis Isabelle et Johanni heredibus et assignatis 496 The Society's MSS. Clyffe Pypard, Warrins. suis imperpetuum de capitalibus dominis feodorum illorum (sic) per servicia inde debita et de jure consueta Ita quod nec nos prefati Edmundus Henricus Edwardus et Thomas nec heredes nostri nec aliquis alius nomine nostro aliquod jus titulum seu clameum in omnibus illis terris et tenementis pratis pascuis et pasturis redditibus revercionibus et serviciis ut supradictum est nec in aliqua eorundem parcella de cetero exigere clamare seu vendicare poterimus set ab omne accione juris tituli seu clamei imperpetuum sumus exclusi per presentes. In cujus rei testimonium huie presenti scripto nostro sigilla nostra apposuimus. Hiis testibus Rogero Tocotes Johanne Willughby militibus Johanne Wroughton Willelmo Colyngborne armigeris Johanne Quynten et multis aliis. Datum apud Clevepeperd predictam quarto die Novembris anno regni regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum sextodecimo. (6) 1 1 Aug. 1483. Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit Isabella nuper uxor Johannis Latton defuncti salutem in domino sempiternam Noveritis me prefatam [sabellam in pura et legitima viduetate mea remisisse relaxasse et omnino pro me heredibus et assignatis meis imperpetuum quietumiclamasse Johanni Horn totum jus meum clameum interesse et demandam que unquam habui habeo seu quovismodo in futurum habere potero de et in uno tenemento cum suis pertinenciis in Cleve Pippard in comitatu Wiltes’ vocato Warennys. Ita quod nec ego predicta Isabella nec heredes mei nec aliquis alius nomine meo seu nomine nostro aliquod jus titulum clameum interesse seu demandam in predicto tenemento cum suis pertinenciis nec in aliqua parte sive parcella ejusdem de cetero exigere clamare vel vendicare poterimus nee debemus in futuro sed ab omni accione titulo clameo interesse et demanda inde simus exclusi imperpetuum per presentes. Et ego vero predicta Isabella et heredes mei totum predictum tenementum cum suis pertinenciis prefato Johanni Horn heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus acquietabimus et defendemus imper- petuum per presentes. In cujus rei testimonium presentibus sigillum’ meum apposui Hiis testibus Johanne Wroughton seniore Alexandro Darell Christofero Wroughton Thoma Unwyn Johanne Wroughton juniore armigeris et multis aliis Datum apud Cleve Pippard predictum primo die mensis Augusti anno regni regis Ricardi tercii post conquestum Anglie primo. Endorsed Warrins. A. Sr. J. 8.-M. 497 Che Grey ethers Preservation Fund. The joint appeal for funds to purchase portions of two of the areas covered by the sarsen stones known as the “Grey Wethers,” in the neighbourhood of Marlborough, which was issued in July, 1907, by the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, The Wiltshire Archeological Society, and the Marlborough College Natural History Society, has met with a most gratifying response, both from the members of the Wiltshire Society and from the general public. The original appeal was for £500, for which sum Mr. Alec Taylor had offered to sell some 11 acres in Piggle Dene and 8 acres in Lockeridge Dene. These two areas were chosen as being the most accessible of all the sites now occupied by the sarsen stones. Moreover in Lockeridge Dene some of the largest existing specimens of natural sarsens are to be found. The total result of the appeal is £612 5s. 6d., which has sufficed to secure a somewhat larger area in Lockeridge Dene than was at first contemplated, as well as to pay alllegalexpenses. The actual areas purchased cover 11 acres 2 roods, 16 poles in Piggle Dene, and 11 acres, 2 roods, 25 poles in Lockeridge Dene. The site at Lockeridge is divided into two portions by a small intervening property. Both sites have been handed over to the National Trust, and the stones upon them will be preserved for the future from all injury, and will be of course accessible at all times to those who wish to see them. A plan of both sites, with a full list of subscriptions is given below. It should be mentioned that although the cromlech known as the “ Devil’s Den” is not included in either of these areas, Mr. Taylor stated at the beginning of the negociations that he intended carefully to preserve this monument. List OF SUBSCRIPTIONS. PEER JE ILECRE (38 Avebury, Lord .. 20 0 0 Awdry, Capt. A. 2 O40 Anonymous (Swindon)... 5 0 Awdry, Charles Rede BEE |) ____ Antiquaries, Society of... 15 15 0 Awdry, Justly ied Mae Arkell, T. ... ae et One O Buxton, Gerard 5 20020 Avenell, G. ... ae 10 6 Bennett, F. J. ae 5 0 Ashe, Miss... ey ales O Bury, Lindsay ace Sea LO 498 Brown, M. Meredith Bristol, The Bishop of... Beaven, H. W. : Bouverie, Edward O. Pp. Bouverie, Miss Pleydell Buchanan, Archdeacon Bradford J. E. G. Baxter, Miss . Baring, Hon. T. H. Beaven, E. C. eee cik Bonney, T. G. Berry, James.. il Burr, Maleolm ae E Bradley, F. L. See tk 1 5 po pw bo bo Bullen, Rev. R. A. Bath, Marquis of Ball, Mrs. fet Bowles, T. G. ea Je Bound, R. R.... Buckland, Miss , Bradshaw, W. aca: Bemrose, H. A. Se aee kt Butler, R. j aoe Bennett, E. A. eae Blackmore, H. P. eee! Bell, W. Heward ee 10) Cunnington, B. H. BEseO, Cunnington, Mrs. B. H. 3 Cook, Edward sso ol Churchill, Rev. W. H.... 1 Clough, C. T.... 2 Cunnington, J. 8. ae Cartwright, W. C. au 0 Chute, A. J. L. Corbould, R. R. Cunnington, Miss H. Capel, Arthur.. Coke, Elmsley Chamberlain, Major Caird, R. H. ... bat Dartnell, G. E. Devenish, M. H. W. Dixon, H.N.... Darwin, W. E. Dakyns, J. R. Dixon; SB... ate Ducie, Earl of saa RFPOn»prE re el i ae <2) a SrFonccoNano ”% = = BrPnNorFnwpeooroHnm a a= oS _ = = SOOOFFR WwW i SOoCCOCOFR FR ae» = ooro TO MSSe SSS O.S9 2Ces SCCM eG See als ecole Saeco SS SoS oan mee The Grey Wethers Preservation Fund. th _ Sroow? Dewick, Rev. E. 2: Duke, Canon R. R. Duke, Miss Evans, Richardson Ewart, Miss Margaret... Ewart, Miss Mary a0 Eccles, James ae Fitzmaurice, Lord Fox, Alfred Ferguson, R. Forrester, me Fortescue, Hon. Dudley Feetham, Richard Fletcher, F. ... sor Fox, H. Elliott Fisher, J. Fisher, Samuel Field, Miss Susan Field, Miss E. Fox, Howard... se Fielden, H. W. PS Freke, Mrs. Hussey Fuller, J. M. F. Goddard, Rev. E. H. ... Geological Society, The Gloucestershire Arch. Soc., Members of the Gifford, W. W Gardiner, Mrs. aa Gaskell, C. Milner pee Goldney, Sir Prior, Bart. 1 Greenley, E. ... detent Gundry, R. 8. 5 sa Harris, Thomas Son anal Hudleston, W. H. Perey (0, Hookham, Miss Hardy, J. F. L. Haines, Basil ... Pa || Hadow, Rev. G. R. ee Harti@ab.. oo or tL Hayter, Miss L. Hobhouse, Rt. Hon. H. 2 Herries, Robert », Rev, C. V. Gopparp: Wilts Pamphlets. ; oA » Messrs. J. E. G. Braprorp, W. Hewarp-Britu, B. H. Cunnineton, H. EH. Mepuicott, A. SCHOMBERG, and R. W. Merriman: a complete set of Recent Charity Enquiry Reports for Wiltshire. P 8 GZ pipnsof partenO oem. 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Efe. pe a ETEL OMSL suoydiiosqng “ "4sTg ‘00d qe “oqo ‘saredoyy ‘oanjiuang ‘ssunyig Aq “ysTE ‘00d @ 6 89 4UNO0DDB 4SBI TOI oOUB[VG OF, “4ST “UL °e used , "L061 po a, ‘LO6T a “Ip ‘ENQONDV GNOT SFONVNELNIVA WOAS01W “a 8 9 osTF 8 9 salt Grok a aes ao a ae £1B491099 [elouvuly 0} onp ssa’ 9 OT gg ; G LI IL }unoooy yuerng T 81 8h yunovoy ysodeq “pyT ‘yueg senunog x» [By1de_Q —'z1a ‘eounlsg “ DPA Gs are peuanjery XL Ajaodorg 9 8 IT joeng suory * OF a4 sesuedx Aapung “ 0% 06 ‘* seztaacy ‘y9011g SuorTyT ‘OF Jo Jue “* 0 0 OOT ° s LEE jo quowted Ceol Gee Hy “* qsarequy yung ‘ -or gaed ut “bsg ‘Teg premoy ‘MA Ag “498TE “00 IL O OSL ‘* guNOdoR 4sBT UOT GYSNOAG GoUR[eq OT, “FST “UBL ie eg "LO6T ‘P'S ‘L061 “9 ‘LNOQOODVY GNOI LNIWISYVINA WoAagsoW . 528 *hinjgawoag porunurg l sconpny { ‘INOOL ‘TH ‘NHMO GIAVG ; ‘NG LI geeF Z LI geet oT6 an Tas uh puvy ur souvpeg Olen ee a seovjsog pue suyurg 3 530 ; The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. “The Society has recently paid from the Museum Enlargement Fund, £150 to Mr. W. Heward Bell of the £200 advanced by him without interest for enlargement purposes some years ago. The architect (Mr. Ponting) has also been paid a long-standing debt of £50, and your Committee would like to take this opportunity of acknowledging the consideration which he has extended to the Society and to express a hope that in the not far distant future at least a part of the plan which he prepared for a Museum may be carried out. This latter sum has been borrowed from the Life Membership Fund, to be repaid from the Museum Enlargement Fund. It has been paid since the accounts for 1907 were closed, as is also the case with £50 of the amount paid to Mr. Bell. “The details of the various funds appear in the balance sheet printed in the June number of the Magazine. “ Members.—The number of Members on the books on June 26th, 1908, was eighteen Life Members and three hundred and eighty- two Annual Subscribers, a total of four hundred, against three hundred and eighty-six at the corresponding period last year, with twenty-two Societies and Institutions with whom publications are exchanged. There have been four losses by death and fifteen by resignation during the year, while thirty-two new Members have joined the Society. “ Musewm.—The number of visitors to the Museum (exclusive of Members) was eight hundred and ninety-seven—this in- cludes classes from neighbouring schools to the number of one hundred and fifty-one—against eight hundred and sixty-nine of the preceding year. Mrs. Ward, the caretaker, has resigned, and Mrs. Willis has been appointed in her place, The Committee, after careful consideration of all the circumstances, decided that the Society should no longer let the house in Long Street, which adjoins the Museum, to an independent tenant, but that the care- taker should reside on the premises. The Museum required enlargement, and the scheme now carried out annexes the ground- floor rooms of the dwelling-house, giving access from the present Museum. The cost of this improvement:is about £75. The alterations, now completed, add greatly to the accommodation The Report. ; 531 of the Museum, and the rest of the house will serve for the dwelling of the caretaker. The rent of this part of the house is estimated at 5s. per week, which will be carried to the Museum Enlargement Fund, The remuneration actually paid out of pocket to the caretaker is less by that amount. “The work of labelling and cataloguing the collections of an- tiquities has been steadily carried on by the Curator and Mrs. Cunnington, together with the even more important work of at- taching to each specimen a registered number by which it can always be identified, even if it should become displaced or its label lost. The Society’s archeological collections are thus being rapidly brought into the best possible order. Our chief need now is to find a geologist, who would do for our really valuable geological collections what is being done for the archeological. “The Collection of Lepidoptera. During the last year a second cabinet has been purchased, which will afford room for the ex- pansion of the collection, The number of Wiltshire species represented at the beginning of the season,was two hundred, the ‘majority of which have been collected in the Devizes neighbour- hood during the last two years by members of the Devizes Field Club. As in other matters, the aim of the Society is to form a purely Wiltshire collection, and Mr. E. Cook, of Walden Lodge, Devizes, under whose care the foundations of such a collection have been laid, would be very glad to hear from collectors in other parts of the county who may be able and willing to supplement the Society’s collection with specimens from other districts, so that in time a really representative county collection may he formed. “ The Library.—A considerable number of books, pamphlets, &c., have been received during the year from thirty separate donors, and in addition to these some seventy volumes of books by Wiltshire authors and a number of pamphlets which formed part f the library collected by the Rev. E. Duke, at Lake House, early in the 19th century, were purchased for a small sum by the Society, oo the library, which had remained at the house when it passed into the hands of Mr. Lovibond, was sold at Salisbury on March 2M 2 532 The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. 5th, 1908. A complete set of the recent Reports on the Charities of the county, forming three stout volumes, has also been given by the kindness of eight Members of the Society. “ Local Secretaries—The Committee have provisionally appointed the following gentlemen as Local Secretaries for the Society, and recommend that their appointment be confirmed by the General Meeting :—Mr. A. W. N. Burder, F.S.A., for Bradford-on-Avon ; Mr. R. S. Ferguson, for Calne; and the Rev. J. A. Lloyd, F.S.A., for Mere. They further recommend that Mrs. B. H. Cunnington be appointed a member of the General Committee, and that the Bishop of Bristol be asked to become one of the Vice-Presidents of the Society. “Mr. N. Story Maskelyne, F.R.S., has been re-appointed the Society’s representative on the Town Trust of Wootton Bassett. “The Tropenell Cartulary. The two volumes of this book, proba- bly the most important work from a genealogical and topographical point of view published by the Society since Jackson’s ‘ Aubrey’ was printed in 1862; were issued to subscribers in the early part of this year. The entire cost of publishing has been paid and the Society has in hand a small balance of cash and forty copies of the work for sale at the price of £1 10s. to Members and £2 to the public. This eminently satisfactory result is due to the very generous financial support accorded by many Members of the Society, and especial thanks are due to the transcriber and editor, the Rev. J. Silvester Davies, for his long and onerous work, and to Mr. C. T. Flower, of the Record Office, for his help in verifying the text. “ The Grey Wethers Fund. The joint appeal issued last year by our Society in connexion with the National Trust and the Marl- borough College Natural History Society, for a fund to purchase two areas covered by the Sarsen Stones, known as the ‘Grey Wethers,’ in Piggle Dene and Lockeridge Dene, near Marlborough, has been so generously responded to, largely by subscribers con-~ nected with the county, that it has been found possible somewhat to extend the proposed area in Lockeridge Dene, and the purchase ~ of both sites from Mr. Alec Taylor has been arranged. The land The Report. 533 has been conveyed to the National Trust, and it is a matter for congratulation that on these areas at least the Sarsens are safe from further destruction. A full list of subscriptions is printed in the June number of the Magazine. “ Excavations. The past year has been marked by more than usually important excavations in the county. Mr. and Mrs. B. 13 Cunnington carried out last summer an exhaustive examination of Oliver’s Camp, near Devizes, of which an account appears in the recently-issued Magazine. They also opened several barrows on Roundway Down, and partially excavated a Romano-British midden near Martinsell. Of these latter researches an account will here- after be given in the Magazine. « At Netheravon Col. Hawley opened in 1907 a tessellated floor belonging to a Roman building of apparently considerable extent, but unfortunately the excavations could not be carried further. “Recently, under the auspices of the Stone Circles Committee of the British Association, Mr. H. St. George Gray has undertaken important excavations at Avebury, with the object of obtaining evidence of the age of the circles. The work will be resumed on a larger scale next spring, and the section of the ditch already excavated will be left open for inspection until then. It is hoped that the account of these diggings may be eventually printed in the Magazine. « Annual Meeting. The Swindon Meeting, though to some extent marred by the weather, was a pleasant and instructive one, and ‘resulted in a considerable number of new Members from that neighbourhood. “Tt is hoped that this year’s Meeting, in the capital of Wiltshire, will meet with the success which this most interesting locality promises, and which the exertions of the Mayor of New Sarum, Mr. Baker, and Mr. Hammond should ensure. “The Committee would especially urge on all concerned the desirability of increasing the roll of the Society in the Salisbury ‘district. “Epwarp H. GoDDARD, on, Sick? “Epwarp O. P. BouveEriE, ae" 534 The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. The adoption of the Report. was moved by the Chairman in a genial speech, and was seconded by MR. W. HEWARD BELL, F.S.A., who referred to the recent Congress of Archeological Societies at Burlington House, when Mr. Bouverie had moved and he himself had secondéd a resolution on behalf of our Society which ran as follows :—“ That when it is proposed to conduct Archeological Investigations in any locality this Congress recommends that for- mal notice should be given by those so proposing to the Archeological Society, within whose area such investigations are to be conducted.” It was, as Mr. Bell, explained, not intended to imply that our Society had not the fullest confidence in the manner in which the excavations at Avebury were being carried out wider the auspices of the Stone Circle Committee of the British Association, but it was felt that when similar importait excavations were proposed to be carried out by any of the great central Societies, it was due to the local Archeological Societies that they should receive official information of the fact. Mr. Bell explained that the Chairman of the Congress—Dr. C. H. Read, President of the Society- of Antiquaries—had explained that it was chiefly by an oversight on his part that no such official notice of the Avebury excavations had been conveyed to our Society, and the resolution was carried unanimously. The reappointment of the Members of the Committee, with the addition of Mrs. B. H. Cunnington, was moved by MR.C.R. STRATON and seconded by MR. C. PENRUDDOCKE, whilst ARCHDEACON: LEAR proposed and MR. A. TUCKER seconded the appointment of the Rev. E. H. Goddard as Librarian, in the place of the Rev. E. J. Bodington, resigned. The appointment of the three new Local Secretaries recommended in the Report was moved by THE REV. E. P. KNUBLEY, and seconded by DR. HILL. The Auditors were next reappointed and three new Members were elected. THE REV. C. V. GODDARD took the opportunity of impressing on all present that it was the duty of all Members of the Society, and especially of all Local Secretaries, to keep an eye on all diggings or excavations in- the neighbourhood, and to report at The Annual General Meeting. 535 once all finds made to the Secretaries. In this way many im- portant objects which would otherwise be dispersed or destroyed might bé secured for one or other of the Museums in the County. This concluded the business of the Meeting, at which some thirty-two Members were present. _ Thé Members then proceeded to ST. THOMAS’S CHURCH; where ALDERMAN HASKINS read a series of valuable notes on the history of the building and pointed out the many objects of interest to be seen. From this point the party made their way to the “Hall of John Hall,” which they were kindly allowed to inspect by Mr.Watson. The fine timber roof and remains of ancient heraldic glass in the windows were examined with interest. After this eame the Cathedral, on the way to which the pretty little doorway to the Chapel over St. Ann’s Gate, lately opened to view, was noticed. The Members were conducted over the CATHEDRAL by DR. BOURNE, the Treasurer, who discoursed on the many points of interest, especially the monuments, at as great length as the time available would allow. ' The next item on the programme was tea at the Church House, by invitation of the Local Committee; after which the party returned to the Close, and by kind permission of the Bishop, who was unable to. be present, were shown over the house by THE REV. E. H. GODDARD, admiring to the full the unrivalled views of the Cathedral to be gained in the grounds, both on the north and south sides of the Palace. The Anniversary Dinner was held at the County Hotel at 7 p.m., forty-one Members being present, with MR. W. HEWARD BELL in the chair. The Chairman especially thanked Mr. Haskins for the __ way in which he had placed his stores of knowledge on the history ‘ of Salisbury at the disposition of the Society at St. Thomas's Church. ; At 8.30 a Conversazione was held at the Town Hall, where the Mayor (MR. R. M. HALL) and Mayoress had kindly invited a large company to meet the Society. The first paper read was by MR. B. H. CUNNINGTON, F.S.A. Scor., on “A ROMANO-BRITISH MIDDEN NEAR RAINSCOMBE,” illustrated by. the exhibition of 536 The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. various objects found during the excavations. Mr. Cunnington also took the opportunity of calling attention to the excavation of Knap Hill Camp, which he was then engaged in carrying out, and to aremarkable iron sword found there, which he exhibited. MR. E. O. P. BOUVERIE then read his “NOTES ON THE HISTORY OF LONGFORD CASTLE,” and was followed by THE REV. E. H. GODDARD, who read a paper contributed by THE REV. A. D. HILL, on ‘‘THE BOUNDARIES OF DOWNTON.” MR. J. J. HAMMOND then read some short notes on the places to be visited the next day, and the proceedings terminated. The spacious Council Chamber was well filled with an assembly of perhaps a hundred and thirty people, and music and refreshments were most kindly provided by the generosity of the Mayor. The large and interesting collection of portraits hanging on the walls, the city maces, of which the great mace is one of the largest in England, the flags, and the long series of charters exhibited by the Corporation, provided material for a most entertaining and in- structive evening. THURSDAY, JULY 16ru. Leaving the County Hotel in breaks at 9.30 a.m. the first halt was at COOMBE BISSETT CHURCH, where THE REV. E. H. GODDARD pointed out the chief features of the building At this point rain began to fall, and continued more or less for the rest of the day. MARTIN CHURCH was the next stopping-place, where again the architectural features were described by MR. GODDARD.* The programme had contemplated a walk through the gardens of West Park, by kind permission of Sir Eyre Coote, in order to see the important Roman inscribed stone brought from Egypt after the Abercromby Expedition, but the rain was falling fast, and the car- riages hurried on past the house, allowing only a momentary glimpse of splendid old Scotch firs and other trees, to ROCKBOURNE, over the Hampshire border, where the buildings known by the names of the “Dormitory ” and the “ Chapel,” now incorporated in farm 1 See Notes by C. E. Ponting, F.S.A., Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvi., 194. ? See Notes by C. E. Ponting, F.S.A., Wilts Arch. Mag., xxviii., 17. Thursday, July 15th. 537 buildings near the Church were inspected. Their original destina- tion, however, did not appear at all certain, and opinion on their real character was divided. The interesting Church was next visited, and once more MR. GODDARD described the architecture from notes supplied by Mr. Ponting. After this the party sat down to lunch at the Reading-Room, when about seventy Members and their friends were present. DR. HILL, after lunch, expressed the thanks of the Society to Mr. T. H. Baker and Mr. J. J. Hammond, the Local Secretaries for the Meeting, to whose hard work the success of the gathering was due, and THE MAYOR expressed his hope that the membership of the Society might be largely increased in the Salisbury district. Leaving Rockbourne at 1.45 BREAMORE CHURCH was the next stopping-place. Here the party were greatly interested in the remarkable Saxon Church,! which is perhaps after that at Dover Castle the most complete example of its type in England. MR. GODDARD shortly described the Church, and indicated the principal points of interest. On leaving the Church the pro- gramme proposed a visit to the MIZMAZE, but the rain continued to fall and the journey through the wood seemed out of the question, so this vortion of the programme was omitted, and the carriages made direct for LONGFORD CASTLE. Here the party, now numbering about eighty, were most kindly received and en- tertained by LORD AND LADY RADNOR. It was a disappointment to some of the Members that, owing to the rain, the gardens could not be visited, but the interior of the Castle, with its treasures of art, was freely thrown open to the Members, who wandered about and saw the pictures, the furniture, the china, and the great steel chair, made at Augsburg in 1575, at their leisure, Lady Raduor herself doing her utmost to secure that the Members saw everything that was best worth seeing. After enjoying tea in the hall, the Members once more mounted the breaks and returned to Salisbury. The Evening Meeting was held at the County Hotel, and the numbers attending it were no doubt thinned by the rain which _ had continued all day. Some thirty Members were present, with 1 See Rev. A. D. Hill, in Archeological Journal, LY. 84. 538 The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. MR. C. PENRUDDOCKE in the chair. The Chairman moved a hearty vote of thanks to Lord and Lady Radnor for their kindness in throwing open Longford Castle to the Society and in entertaining the Members as they had done that afternoon. THE REV. R. E. THOMAS, of Salisbury, then read a paper on ‘THE MOLLUSCA OF WILTS,” illustrating his remarks by a large collection of land aud freshwater shells found in the county. THE REV. GEOFFREY HILL then gave an interesting historical disquisition in which he proposed to prove that the invasion of Cerdic and his Saxons was not by the way of the Itchen Valley—as has generally been assumed—but by way of Christchurch and the valley of the Salis- bury Avon. The proceedings of the evening closed with a few words by THE REV. E. H. GODDARD on the places and buildings to be visited in the next day’s excursion. FRIDAY, JULY 17 tH. The programme for this day’s excursion had not any special attraction such as the visit to Longford Castle on the previous day had held out, and as usual at the Society’s Meetings the num- bers taking part in it were considerably less than those present on the first day: thirty-three, however, were present at lunch at Porton. The weather at first showed little improvement, and the start from the County Hotel at 9.15 was made in rain. This, however, proved only a shower, and by the time OLD SARUM was reached the sun shone out and the round of the ramparts was made in ideal weather, and was greatly enjoyed by all present. The distances were bright and clear, and the great earthworks covered with Down flowers looked their best. THE REV. E. H. GODDARD, on the site of the central castle, gave a few details of the history of the place, whilst the various points of interest to be seen from the ramparts were described by MR. T. H. BAKER and MR. HAMMOND. Allusions were made by some of the Members present to the report that the Society of Antiquaries was disposed to institute excavations on the spot if leave could be obtained from the Dean and Chapter. Some discussion took place and it was generally agreed that it was most desirable that such Friday, July 17th. : 539 excavations under expert direction should be carried out, and it was thought that the Wiltshire Society should do everything possible to further any such scheme. The following resolution was then carried unanimously :—“ That the Wiltshire Archeological Society would welcome any proposal on the part of the Society of Antiquaries to carry out éxcavations on the site of Old Sarum and will do all in its power to assist in the carrying out of such proposal.” The party then made their way back to the carriages and proceeded up the valley to BOSCOMBE CHURCH, where, as throughout the Churches visited on this day’s excursion, THE REV. E. H, GODDARD gave the substance of notes on the archi- tecture specially written by MR. C. E. PONTING, F.S.A., for the Meeting. Some of the party then visited the Rectory, interesting as containing the study used by Hooker. Though it has been modernised outside the house contains a fine medieval timbered roof, showing in the upper rooms, with a two-light cusped window downstairs, and some good Elizabethan carved oak over the fireplace in one of the rooms. Returning down the valley the next. stop was at IDMISTON CHURCH, where the excellent fourteenth century corbels and other work were duly inspected and admired. The MANOR HOUSE was then visited, where several rooms show good panelling of Elizabethan and Queen Ann dates. After this the carriages took the party on to PORTON, where, at the Railway Inn, an excellent lunch was ready for them. From Porton a rough down track led over the down to WINTERSLOW HUT, where, at the Pheasant Inn, a halt was made, and the story of the attack of the escaped lioness on the horses of the coach was told, and the room lived in by Hazlitt at the inn was pointed out Some interesting details as to the con- nexion of Hazlitt with Winterslow were also given by Mr. Witt. WINTERSLOW CHURCH was next visited but did not detain the party long, and the carriages proceeded to FARLEY CHURCH. Here, after THE REV. E.H. GODDARD had said a few words on the arch- itecture, THE REV. G. M. DAVIS gave the story of several members of the Fox family whose tombs are contained in the Church. The party then adjourned to the WARDENRY on the opposite side of the 540 The Fifty-Fifth General Meeting. road, where, in the old panelled hall, they were most hospitably en- tertained at tea by THE REV. G. M. and MRS. DAVIS, after seeing the drawing-room with its portrait of Sir Stephen Fox and its plaster heraldic ceiling. Leaving Farley at 5 p.m., the next stop was at WEST GRIMSTEAD CHURCH, with its interesting parti-coloured arches. From this point the carriages went to the GREEN DRAGON INN, AT ALDER- BURY, where the Members alighted to inspect the interesting room now used as a bar, with the magnificent stone mantelpiece, which is said to have come from the PRIORY OF IVYCHURCH, close by. The very scanty remnant of this interesting monastic house, was the last item on the programme, and after seeing the rich Norman capitals of the cloister columns, and the other architectural fragments, preserved in the walls of the modern cottage, and ad- miring the lovely view of Salisbury Cathedral, seen through the trees, from its site, the party once more got into the breaks, anda a short further drive brought them to Salisbury and to the end of the Meeting of 1908. In spite of the weather on the first day, it was generally agreed that both days’ excursions had been much enjoyed by all who took part in them. Ow srAwI “8¥1739 ag3711v9 ee EP FELLA SON LTH, Wanmina \ HOUSE CLOISTER wniidind i i TANLEY ABBEY eS, DOVE “) i, i aaa 1 wal = = a =—- DATES. V2th Century. 14th Century 15th Century and Inter Wiliyts GROUND PLAN. Scale of Feet | HAROLD BRAKSPEAR, FSA, pf MENS. ET DELT, 1906. 541 Stanley Abbey. By Harotp Braxspear, F.S.A. [Partly read at the Swindon Meeting, July, 1907.] THE site of the Abbey of Stanley is a wide valley two-and-a-half miles east of Chippenham. It is upon the south bank of the little river Marden, which rises at Calstone, some five miles to the east, and joins the Avon just above Chippenham. Stanley owes its origin to one Drogo, a chamberlain of the Empress Maud, at whose instigation her son, Henry, then earl of Anjou, gave a place called Locwell (now Lockswell), in the manor of Chippenham, in perpetual alms to God and St. Mary of Quarr, in the Isle of Wight, for the purpose of founding a new monastery.” From the founder Drogo this abbey was called de Drogonis fonte, or Drownfont,? the second part of the name being derived from the copious springs of pure water which abound on the site and are used at the present time to supply the inhabitants of Corsham and part of Lacock. Quarr was originally founded in 1135 by Richard, earl of Exeter, as an abbey of the order of Savigny. This was one of the reformed branches of the Benedictines that arose in the twelfth century. It was established by one Vitalis, a Norman of good family, who after many vicissitudes settled with a numerous following at Savigny, 1 This paper, in considerably shorter form, is printed in Archeologia, LX., pp. 493—516; and for the loan of the blocks for the illustrations here given our Society is indebted to the kindness of the Society of Antiquaries. 2 Monasticon Anglicanum (1825), v. 5638. 3 Rev. W. Bowles, History of Bremhill (1828), 96, gives the text of a grant, then in the possession of Edward Baynton, of a pasture near Lacock Bridge by the Empress Maud and her son to the abbey Sancte Marie de Drogonis Fonte, and another grant (95) of a hide of land in Lamburn Sancte Marie de Drownfont. 542 Stanley Abbey. in Avranches, in 1112. The order increased rapidly and had thirteen houses in England and Wales. In 1148 Serto, the fourth abbot of Savigny, surrendered his house with all those dependent thereto into the hands of Bernard, the head of the Cistercian order, to become members of that community. Drownfont, being founded after this amalgamation, was through a daughter of a Savignian house, colonised by Cistercian monks. The origin of the Cistercian order and the peculiarities of its severe rule have so often been treated by able writers that it is needless to repeat them, except perhaps a few sentences which deal with the foundation of new houses and the arrangements of the buildings. “None of our houses are to be built in cities, in castles, or villages, but in places remote from the conversation of men, and let all churches of our Order be dedicated and founded in honour of the Blessed Mary. “Let there be no towers of stone for bells, nor of wood to an immoderate height, which are unsuitable to the simplicity of the Order. “Let glass windows be white only, except in abbeys that have been of another Order, which may retain those made otherwise at the time of their conversion. “Superfluities and notable curiosities in carvings, paintings, buildings, pavements, and other like things, which may deform the ancient honesty of the Order and are not consistent with our poverty, in abbeys, granges, and cellarers’ buildings, we forbid to be made, nor any paintings except the image of our Saviour, (Tables too that appertain to the altars may only be painted in one colour.) All these things let father-abbots in their visitations carefully enquire about and cause to be observed. “Tt is not lawful for anyone to found an abbey of our Order, or to transfer one already founded, or even to change or incorporate the place of another religion by subjection to the Order, except by leave of the General Chapter. “Let twelve monks at least, with the abbot as thirteenth, be sent out to new houses. Nevertheless, let them not be settled By Harold. Brakspear, PSA. 543, there till the place be so furnished with houses, books, and other necessaries, that they can live and observe the rule there.” * Once a year the abbot of a head house had to visit each of the daughter houses founded from it, either personally or by co-abbots. Also annually all the abbots of the Order had to attend the general chapter at Cisteaux unless prevented by sickness.2 Abbots in distant countries; or who had daughter houses in distant countries, were exempted from annually attending chapter and yisiting, but had their stated times for both? The supervision of the com- munity in general being so strictly considered, and the different houses being in so direct and regular communion by visitation and attendance at general chapter, it is little wonder that such universal similarity in Cistercian planning and architecture prevailed. The Order was introduced into- England i in 1128, at Waverley, in Surrey, and in a short time made rapid strides. Within twenty years no fewer than thirty-one houses came into existence in this 1 Cistercian Statutes, Ch. I. vide Yorkshire Archeological Journal, ix., 240, 338 and 339. ‘Tn civitatibus, castellis, villis, nil nostra construenda sunt Ccenobia sed in locis a conversatione hominum remotis, omnesque Ecclesie Ordinis nostri in honore Beate Marie dedicentur et fundentur. ** Turres lapides ad campanas non fiant, nec lignes altitudinis immoderate, que ordinis dedeceant simplicitem. “ Vitree albe tantum fiant, exceptis Abbaciis que alterius ordinis fuerunt, que aliter factas tempore sue conversionis poterunt retinere. ‘ Superfluitates et curiositates notabiles in sculturis, picturis, edificiis, pavimentis, et aliis similibus, que deformant antiquam ordinis honestatem et paupertati nostre non congruunt, in Abbatiis, Grangiis vel Cellariis ne fiant interdicimus, nec picture preter ymaginem Salvatoris. (Tabule vero que altaribus apponuntur, uno colore tantummodo colorentur.) Hee omnia Patres Abbates in suis visitationibus diligenter inquirant et faciant observari. ‘‘Nulliliceat Abbatiam nostri Ordinis fundare, vel fundatam alias transferre, vel etiam commutare, seu locum alterius religionis Ordini per subjectionem incorporare, nisi de licencia Capituli Generalis : ‘‘Duodecim monachi ad minus cum abbate terciodecimo ad nova ccenobia transmittantur. Nec tamen illue destinentur, donec locus domibus, libris, et aliis necessariis ita aptetur, ut vivere et regulam ibidem valeant observare.” 2 Carta Caritatis, par. ‘‘ De Visitationibus.”’ $ Cistercian Statutes, Chap. V. Vide Yorkshire Archeological Journal, x., 55-56. 544 Stanley Abbey. country, and in 1148 the union with Savigny added thirteen more English houses to the number. Although an order of General Chapter in 1151 prohibited the foundation of any more houses, the next hundred years saw twenty-eight new abbeys of the Order built in this country, and with four later foundations the total number in England and Wales was brought up to seventy-six. To various English abbeys twenty-three houses in other countries owe their origin, viz. eleven in Scotland, ten in Ireland, and two in Norway. Though there were nuns of the Cistercian order, the origin of their various houses was not dependent upon one another as those for monks. There were some twenty-six of these establishments in England and Wales. Three years after the foundation of Drownfont,the monks removed to Stanley, a place in the King’s manor of Chippenham,} owing ap- parently to the exposed position of the first settlement. Buildings were begun in stone on the new site, and in 1204 the convent had increased sufficiently to be able to send out a colony to Ireland to occupy an abbey founded at Graignamanagh.? The monks seem to have had difficulty in obtaining a good water supply at Stanley, for in 1214, Thomas Calstone, the abbot, completed an aqueduct from the old supply at Lockswell to his new house.* The early buildings were, like those at the mother house of Quarre, begun to be rebuilt for no apparent reason within fifty years of their foundation. In 1241, the abbot and convent ex- changed part of their quarry at Hazelbury in Box parish with the ecanonesses of Lacock for their quarry at the same place, which was bought of Henry Crook some years before.* 1 Monasticon Anglicanum, v. 563. 2 Originum Cisterciensium (Vinderbone, 1877), 210. In consequence of colonising this abbey without leave of the General Chapter Ralph the abbot of Stanley was deposed. (Bod. MS., vide Bowles’ Bremhiill, 119.) 3 Bod. MS., vide Bowles, 119. ‘‘ Hoc anno (1214) perfectus est aqueeductus de Lokeswelle versus abbatiam de Stanley in Wilts, a domino Thoma de Colestune, abbati ejusdem domus, et illud opus timide incepit sed Deo et Domino Jesu Christo sibi auxilienti et bono Johanne Evangelista bene et optime complevit cujus memoria in benedictione sit aeterna. Amen. * Lacock Cartulary, f. 80, b. By Harold Brakspear, FSA. 545 In 1247 the convent entered their new monastery,’ which doubtless means that the eastern part of the church and the new eastern range of buildings were finished. The church, however, was not ready to be hallowed until 1266, in which year that cere- mony was performed by Walter of Wyle, the bishop of Salisbury.’ In 1270, on St. John Baptist’s day, the new frater was finished and entered by the convent.? During the fourteenth century some building works were under- taken in connection with the church, and new cloister alleys were built. Just before the Suppression some of the abbey was “newe buylded,”* though what partit is not possible to tell, except that it was not any of the claustral buildings. In August, 1535 Stanley was visited by those time-serving wretches, Thomas Legh and John ap Rice, the King’s Visitors, of whom the latter reports to his master, Cromwell :— “At Stanley the abbot confessed incontinencie before he was abbot and vj or vij of the convent have confessed incontinencie.” ° Eyen these despicable characters could not agree ainongst them- selves, for shortly afterwards ap Rice sneakingly complains to Cromwell :— “Then he (Thomas Legh) handleth the Fathers where he cometh very roughely and many tymes for small causes as thabbots of Brueton and Stanley and Mr. of Edington for not meeting of hym at the doore whene they had no warnyng of his comyng. Also I require more modestie, gravitie, and affabilitie whiche wolde purchase hym more reverence than his owne setting foorth and satrapike countenaunce. The man is yong and of intolerable elation of mynd.” ® He also complains that Legh took too many fees, but naively adds “unknowen to me.” 1 Bod. MS., vide Bowles, 120. 1247. Ingressus est conventus de Stanlegh novum monasterium. . 2 Tbid. 115. 1266. Dedicata est ecclesia de Stanleye in Wiltschire a domino Waltero de Wyle, tunc Sarum episcopo. 3 Ibid. 115. Eodem anno (1270) intravit conventus de Stanleye in Wiltes novum refectorium die beati Johannis Baptisti. 4 Post, p. 546. 5 Letters and Papers, Henry VIII. ix. 139. 6 Thid, ix. 622. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. 2N 546 Stanley Abbey. The year following, upon July 1st, Royal Commissioners were appointed to visit the smaller houses under orders from the new Court of Augmentation, which came into being in consequence of the act for the suppression of houses of under £200 yearly revenue. These Commissioners! were a very different set of men from the King’s Visitors, and report of Stanley as follows :— ‘ABBEY OF STANLEY. “(A) A hedde house of monkes of thordre of Cisteux, of large stronge buylding, by reporte of all the countre a greate releef. (Former valuation) £177 Os. 8d.; (present valuation) £204 3s. 63d., with £32 9s. for the demayns and mille of the same. “(B) (Religious) ten—viz., preests nine and novesse one. By reporte of honest conversacion, all desyringe contynuance in religion. “(C) (Servants, &c.) forty-three—viz., scholemaster, one; wayting servants, four; officers in the house, ten; hyndes in divers granges, eighteen ; dayery women, three; and founden of almes, seven. “(D) Church and mansion with all outehouses in a very good state, part newe buylded. The leade and bells esteemed to £65 10s. “(E) (Goods) £260 12s.—viz., jewels and plate £42 9s. 2d.; orna- ments £13 11s. 4d.; stuffe £14 9s. 2d.; stores of cattell £124 3s. €d. ; corne not sewed £65 8s. 8d. “(F) Owyng by the house £285 5s. 11d. and owyng to the house £12 18s. 4d. “(G) Great woods and copys woods 269 acres. Esteemed to be solde to £1647 The abbey was suppressed with the lesser monasteries in 1536, and on the 29th of June, the year following, the site and part of the possessions were granted to Sir Edward Baynton, of Bromham, in consideration of the sum of £1200, which was paid by instal- ments2 This Sir Edward Baynton was building at this time a considerable house at Bromham, for which he had license to remove stone from old Corsham House and Devizes Castle, he apparently 1 The commissioners for Wiltshire were Sir Henry Long, Richard Poulet, John Pye, and William Berners. 2P.R.O. Chantry Certificate, 100, m.2. This and the letters from which the foregoing extracts are made were published by the Rev. W. Gilchrist Clark-Maxwell, M.A., F.S.A., in an excellent paper upon “ Zhe Fall of the Wiltshire Monasteries,” in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxviii. 288—319. 3 Letters and Papers, H. VIIL., xii. pt. i. 143. 4 Leland’s Itinerary, (ed. 1744), ii., 27. By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 547 began, as soon as he got possession, to pull down Stanley for the same purpose.! _ Aubrey, writing about 1665, says that :— ‘*Here is now scarce left any vestigium of Church or house. Mem. Old Mr. Ansted, natws 1588, told me he was born in this abbey.”’? If this memorandum is correct some part of the abbey was con- verted into a dwelling-house at the Suppression, which is rather borne out by finding the head of a dragon, one of the supporters of Henry VIII. in the late excavations. This was found on the site of the western range of buildings which may have been con- verted into a house, as the occurrence of a stout wall across its south end can hardly have been for anything monastic, and in addition the foundations of the outer walls for the great part remain, indicating a different period of demolition from that of the rest of the buildings. From the Bayntons the site descended to Mrs. Starkey, of Bromham, at whose death it was purchased by the Marquess of Lansdowne, the present owner. The position of the principal buildings has always been known, though every vestige of them above ground has long disappeared. A level square marked the site of the cloister, and as the ground sloped down to the river on the north, the church must have been on the south side. On the east side of the cloister were high mounds, on the south the frater was marked by a deep sinking, but on the west the site was fairly level. Eastward were further sinkings and mounds marking the position of the infirmary buildings. At the end of 1905 the Marquess of Lansdowne was approached by the writer, through Mr. H. Herbert Smith, his lordship’s agent, with the suggestion that some excavations should be made on the site. This suggestion meeting with approval, and the tenant’s consent being readily obtained, four men were at once _ 1 his suggestion was made some years ago by my friend, Mr. C. H. Talbot, of Lacock Abbey, vide Wilts Arch. Mag., xv. 326. 2 Wiltshire Collections (Devizes, 1862), 118, 114. 2N 2 548 Stanley Abbey. put at the disposal of the writer. The first week’s work being of interest, the excavations were continued, through the liberality of the owner, for some months; until all that remained of the claustral buildings was traced. Trenches were also cut across the site of the infirmary, but with little result. The whole of the buildings, except the western range, had been so rifled for stone at various times that in most cases the main walls were grubbed up to the veriest foundations, and the lines of many were clearly marked by sinkingsin the ground, For all that the result has been far from fruitless and has enabled the plan of another Cistercian abbey to be definitely settled, as far as possible under the circumstances. THE PRECINCT. The site of every monastic house was enclosed by a boundary wall or dyke, and within the precinct thus formed were placed the build- ings of the abbey. With the Cistercians, even “stables for horses must be put within the circuit of our abbeys, and no house for habitation may be built without the gate, unless for animals, by reason of avoiding the dangers of souls. If there be any, let them fall; moreover let all the gates of abbeys be without the bounds.”?! At Stanley the precinct was roughly in the form of a rectangle, with its longest faces to the north and south, containing about twenty-four acres, and the main buildings around the cloister were placed in the north-west angle. It was surrounded by dykes, which were filled with water by a system of sluices, and though now dry are perfect on all but a part of the west side. The precinct may have been further protected by a wooden stockade on the inner bank of the ditches, as no sign of a surrounding wall remains. A long leat for the water, that filled the ditches on the south and east sides, runs in at the south-east angle of the precinct, from the high ground to the south.? It is banked on both sides, but ' Cistercian Statutes, Ch. I. vide Yorkshire Archeological Journal, ix. 341. ? The area within the precinct walls at Beaulieu was about fifty-eight acres, at Fountains fifty-five acres, and at Tintern twenty-seven acres. 3 A great quantity of water still comes from this land and runs in a strong brook directly to the head of the leat, but is now tapped at this point and is taken off in a westerly direction. tsa. ~* ‘ ) f a * 7 _ { j ‘ ya yy essen Weretetay 4 i) TN COCO ri VOU eaL appar SCOTTY ert | . a Si 1 ide Plan of the Precinct. 1.—Stanley Abbey, Wilts. g, ° a stale ull By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 549 that on the west is wider than the other, and had on the top a causeway by which the abbey was approached? On the west side of this causeway was a pond 500 feet from north to south and averaging 130 feet in width, which was also supplied by water from the high ground, and formed the mill-pond. The western ditch of the precinct was used as the mill leat, and runs from the pond to the river. At slightly more than half-way down this ditch was a small pond, beyond which northward the ditch is destroyed by a farmyard, but shows again immediately to the north of the farm buildings. The ditch on the north side was supplied by water from the river, which was tapped a little above the precinct. This ditch runs in a straight line to the north-west angle of the precinct, where it joins the western ditch before emptying into the river, and had an overflow to the river opposite the main block of buildings. In addition to the main ditches there is a wide ditch running from the middle of the east ditch, some 500 feet, directly towards the claustral buildings, and then turning southward for over 100 feet. Another ditch joins the last, from the south ditch, at about 200 feet from the east ditch. An overflow from the middle ditch, runs to the north ditch nearly parallel with and 300 feet from the east ditch. These cross ditches divide the eastern part of the precinct into two islands, in the northern of which is a small fish- pond. Besides all these ditches are the remains of another? just in front 1 When the abbey was founded the country between it and Chippenham, which is all low lying, must have been impassable and the only approach was from the high land on the east and south, across which a road led from Bath to London, crossing the Avon at Raybridge and over Nash Hill. Though Aubrey states (Wilts Collections, Devizes, 1862, 90), that Sir William Sharrington made Raybridge to divert the travelling by his house, there is little doubt it existed long before, as ‘‘pontem de Lacoc”’ is mentioned in the charter of the Empress Maud already quoted. The old road occurs asa boundary in a charter of Reginald Pavely to the abbey (Bowles, History of Bremhili, 110. “ Totam illam partem qu est subtus viam antiquam que tendit a Stodleia ad Divisas.”) 2This was nearly filled up when the new house was built, and is marked chiefly by a high bank on its east side. 550 Stanley Abbey. of the present “ Abbey Farm,” and from its west end is a bank as far as the mill-pond; the area thus enclosed may have been for the mill and its yard. Another bank runs from the present road, parallel to and about 300 feet from the western ditch, as far as the river, where it stops with a small mound. This boundary being so unlike the others in character may mark a later extension of the precinct. The precinct of a Cistercian abbey was invariably entered through an outer and.an inner gateway. The outer gate, judging from those remaining elsewhere, was not an important structure, but consisted of a wide archway having folding doors and a small lodge for a porter, of which an excellent example still remains at Beaulieu. At Stanley, the outer gate was apparently at the point where the causeway joined the south-western angle of the precinct, and is now marked by slight irregularities in the ground. The outer gate gave entrance to a court, in which, at Clairvaux were granaries, stables, workshops for various purposes, and other buildings, with extensive gardens, occupying an area of about twenty-two acres. In our English examples where the outer court can be traced it varied considerably, but was as at Fountains and Beaulieu of small extent,and contained little more than the mill, which may be due to the less settled condition of the country, and to the desire to put as much as possible within the greater security of the inner gate. Stanley was apparently treated in the same fashion, as sinkings in the ground still mark the sites of the inner gateway at about 200 feet from the outer, and on the west side of the court between the two gates is apparently the site of the mill spanning the leat from the mill-pond. The inner gate was a much more important structure than the outer, both in size and strength, and had in connection with it the gate-house chapel,’ sometimes a distinct building, as at Furness, Rievaulx, Merevale, Kirkstead, and elsewhere, but sometimes the upper part of the gateway itself, as at Beaulieu and Whalley. At 1 The chapel at Furness was next the outer gate, but only 130 feet from the inner, with which it was connected by a pentise. By Harold Brakspear, FSA: 551 Meaux, where there was already a gate-house chapel, another was begun to be built over the gate-house, during the abbacy of Adam of Skyrne (1310—239), but was never finished,! and so much as was built was pulled down by his successor Hugh de Levern (1339—49). At Stanley there are some marks of buildings on the east side of the great gate which may be remains of the gate-house chapel, though apparently they are those of a larger building, possibly the almonry with accommodation for inferior guests. A long wall ran from the inner gate-house up to the south-west angle of the church,’ which with the west ditch of the precinct enclosed the great outer court of the abbey. In this outer court were placed the houses for guests, with stables for their horses and a forge, the granary, bake-house, malt-house, brewery, and other offices.* On the east side of the outer court, towards the north, was the principal group of buildings around the cloister. Owing to the slope of the ground from south to north the church was on the south side of the cloister; the dorter, over the chapter-house, parlour, and novices’ lodging, on the east; the warming-house, frater, and kitchen on the north; and the cellarer’s building, separated from the cloister by a court, on the west. Eastward of these buildings was the monks’ infirmary, which with its garden oceupied the space up to the inner ditches on the east. The cemetery seems to have been on the east and south sides of the church. The main drain of the abbey started from the west end of the ditch, which runs westward from the middle of the east side of the precinct, and was taken northward about 120 feet under some of the infirmary buildings, at which point it appears to have turned at right-angles, and passing under the north ends of the claustral buildings, emptied into the north ditch at its west end. The first 1 Chronica de Melsa (Rolls Series, 1866), iii., 36. 2 This is clearly seen in the railway bank. 3'The northern end of this court is now covered by a farmyard, and two cottages with their gardens, none of which retain anything ancient except the foundation of a wall under the north wall of the gardens. i ee ee 552 Stanley Abbey. portion of the drain continued northward, apparently as an overflow into the north ditch, and was 5 feet in width. No part of the main drain was found, but it is not likely to have been of less width than the overflow. In 1860—63 the Calne railway was cut through the precinct, from west to east, but to the south of the claustral buildings and to the north of the gate-houses. There is a report that a number of stone coffins were found, but this cannot be verified; the foun- dations of one wall shows in the cutting. THE CHURCH. The first church appears to have been one of the same plan as Bindon, Cleeve, Calder, Roche, and Buildwas, having a small aisleless presbytery, transepts with two chapels to each divided by solid walls, a nave with aisles, and a low tower over the crossing. As every part of this, except a fragment of the foundations of the north wall of the transept, the walls of the pits beneath the quire stalls, and perhaps the foundations of the nave arcade, has gone, it is impossible to tell its character. In the thirteenth century this church was rebuilt or greatly enlarged and finished sufficiently to be hallowed in 1266. The old nave may have been merely remodelled, but the presbytery was increased to one of three bays with aisles, aud the south transept to three bays with two eastern chapels. The north transept, owing to the contiguity of the claustral buildings, could not be similarly enlarged, and probably contained a considerable part of the original work. In the fourteenth century the church was further enlarged by the addition of a row of chapels on the south side, beyond the aisle of the nave, but whether these extended as far as the west end there is no evidence to show. The quire-screen (pulpitum) was — rebuilt about the same time, and the quire stalls were doubtless altered or renewed. The presbytery was about 50 feet in length by 31 feet in width. 1 At Kirkstall, Waverley, and Beaulieu the main drain was 23 feet wide, but at Fountains and Roche, where it also took the river, the drain was no less than 10 feet wide. Fig. 2.—Sunken Pillar in South Transept. eyes 7 P ver By Harold Bral ays i... of the first pier on the north was found, and in co nnection with it was a portion of a screen wall 28 inches thick. “This screen filled the second arch, and probably, as at Fountains ang nd Tintern, was continued under the other arches of the presbytery and separated it from the aisles. About 8 feet inside the east end was a solid platform of uncertain extent that marked the site of ‘the high altar, the space behind being used for a vestry, as at * Kirkstall, and other places. ; The aisles finished in line with the main east end, as at Rievaulx, iy Salley, Netley, and Tintern, and had chapels in the easternmost s. Of the south aisle nothing but the depression of its grubbed- c Of the north aisle a large piece of the etsy was found in postion’ There were indications of a cross step in line with the first pillar of the arcade, and another 7 feet ie eastward, leaving a space 10 feet wide for the altar platform. The floor tiles were set without any reference to their patterns except below the first step, where the general flooring was of plain yellow and black tiles with a border of two rows of narrow tiles. _ The crossing is now marked by the four holes from which the p ers have been grubbed. The tower, which was much narrower Ba east to west than from north to south, would, even at the nd of the thirteenth century, have been of no great height, in a Ee arice with the rule that “there be no towers of stone for bells, nor of wood to an immoderate height, which are unsuitable to the simplicity of the Order.’”? The quire from the first was a ee under the crossing. A considerable length of the walls to The south transept was about 48 feet long by 24 feet wide, and dan arcade of three bays on the east. The first arch, which — had a step across it, led into the aisle of the presbytery, and the 0 ther two into the chapels, which were also raised a step above the transept floor. The foundations of the west wall remain in pa t, but the south end has gone. | 7 554 Stanley Abbey. The two columns of the east wall were found, sunk into pits, | off their proper beds, and without bases or foundations, indicating that this part of the building had been destroyed wholesale by the use of props and mining. With the exception of Lewes priory no other example of this drastic method of destruction is known to have been employed in monastic buildings. The process is minutely described in a letter to Cromwell from Giovanni Portinari, who was employed to raze that great church and the infirmary chapel. The text of this letter has recently been published by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope, and that part describing the demolition he translates :— First we shall cut away the bottom of the foundation and cut it away to the height of a yard and a quarter so that a man may get under to — work and pass to the other side, which is about a yard and a half or two, and put beneath planks of a thickness of 3 inches from one side to the other and put on each side a prop a yard long or thereabouts ; and so one goes on, following by degrees, cutting and propping, and similarly the four columns within so that each can stand upon two props. And when the said chapels and columns have been cut and propped on that side and you wish to bring them to the ground the props on that side only will be burnt either with fire or with powder, as we may judge best, and so we reckon to bring them to the ground ; and this it appears is the best, short, and certain manner that may be and everyone who has seen this beginning judges that all will succeed ; and it will be that in eight or ten days at longest we hope all will be down. At Stanley this transept was apparently the only part so treated, owing, perhaps, to an accident which occurred to one of the de- molishers, who was caught by the falling masonry and there left buried. His skeleton was found as he fell. The columns consisted on plan of four half-circles surrounded by eight detached columns, which were banded, probably at half height, and the capitals were moulded. The arches were of three moulded members and had hood-moulds. Fragments of all these different parts were found as they fell; but not a single vaulting rib was met with, which, judging from the number of those found elsewhere, seems to show that no part of the transept was vaulted. 1 Sussex Archeological Society’s Collections, xlix. 76—81. wo pie) Lien} ah NX 28 oF x |&< FS fa eg —E | 3 ] ofa £ na 3 a : 3 : iS) 2 | s ‘ ; ; wl 3 g223 wo S 3 i S ! a 0 SS S Y) : Pili : : > | a a) figs e| 3 ga2 t g 3 g25s pm) pes : . : 289 =] "4 E : : = “Hla on — : 2 : ee ig cs ; +H = F: eee D g i att a G iH ie : oo we i © SS rr) oes lps, Hu Yi Yy ii 4} : a x i tae oiles 32. segs Bue Fag H e HB ge g bg =] : Se 8 4 = (2) O1 Ou for) Stanley Abbey. Fig. 4.—Incised Gravestone from South Transept. 63 feet long by 3} feet wide and of unusual thickness. It had a large cross, with foliated ends and a moulded base, incised upon By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 557 Fig. 5.—Incised Gravestone from South Transept. 558 Stanley Abbey. it. On neither of the slabs was any inscription, nor was anything found beneath.t The north transept was the same width as the south, but only 43 feet in length. It had two arches on the east leading into a chapel, and the presbytery aisle respectively. The west wall, of which a fragment of the foundation was found, projected into the cloister about 4 feet beyond the line of the eastern range. A great mass of foundation, about 10 feet thick, of the north wall was also found, with a return footing running southward. This appeared to belong to the earlier church, as the return footing was eastward of the line of the later pillars. There were to the westward a fragment of tile flooring and indications of a step to the chapel. In a trench that was cut from this point southward a number of square tiles bearing letters were found, which, as no others were — met with elsewhere, may indicate that they formed an inscription to some monument. The nave was 130 feet long by 32 feet wide, and of eight bays. The arcades were carried on square blocks of foundation, of which four were found on the north side, and one on the south. A frag- ment of the west wall also remained. Nota vestige was found of any architectural detail that could have belonged to the main structure of the nave, so that with the fragmentary nature of the foundations it is not possible to say definitely if the thirteenth century rebuilding extended to this part of the church. It should, however, be remembered that the space between the quire stalls is too narrow for them to have co-existed with a nave of the width of that found, and if the usual width of double stalls be added to the interspace it would make the original nave of the same width as the transepts, as it is reasonable to suppose it was in the first place. Between the third and fourth pillars on the north was a grave, over which a number of fine painted frag- ments of a fifteenth century tomb, that presumably covered it, were found. 1 These slabs have been taken up and are placed in the south porch of Calne church for preservation. a pe em ahs ee By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 559 The north aisle has left no remains save a patch of flooring of plain tiles against the fourth pillar, and the foundation of a cross wall at the third pillar, This probably supported a screen to enclose a chapel in the aisle behind the bay with the tomb, which was a usual treatment of nave aisles in late days, as at Fountains, Kirk- stall, and Rievaulx. The south aisle was 11 feet wide, and a mass of foundation of its south and west walls remains at the south-west angle. Sepa- tating the nave from the quire of all monastic churches was a large gallery called the pulpitum, which was sometimes carried by a broad screen wall and sometimes by two narrow ones. In the space beneath was a seat from which the old monks from the in- firmary witnessed the services. At Stanley in the fourteenth century a new pulpitum was built, of which the lower part of the western screen wall remains. It was 34 inches thick and had a doorway 3 feet 8 inches wide in the middle. This had a stone sill, which remained, and the arch was a pointed segment, simply moulded, of which a stone forming one of its sides was found. Eastward of this wall was a quantity of tile flooring laid very carelessly and partly covering the pits of the earlier quire stalls. During the first half of the fourteenth century chapels were added on the outside of the south aisle. They were about 20 feet deep and had solid dividing walls. Indications of at least four chapels were found, but they probably extended the entire length of the nave up to the west end, as at Maulbroun, in Germany, and at Melrose, though no similar example has yet been found in England. In the first and second chapels a fragment of the floor remains. In the third was a large surface of flooring, which was formed of tiles 8 inches square. These bore the leopards of England, the chevrons of Clare, and three lions rampant, and were laid in pattern with cross and diagonal bands. This floor extended across the line of the aisle wall, showing that the chapel was con- nected therewith by a wide arch. The dividing wall between the third and the fourth chapel remained, and in connection with it, in line of the aisle wall, was the eastern base of the respond which carried the archway between the chapel and the aisle. The respond SEP alee 2S Sr a, —- « ‘J ~ Bieta ai ‘re? mr Nita to. ee oy OP aks eee Ni MON See a We 560 Stanley Abbey. run Kt sinc LZ Half plan above plinth. ; Half plan above base. HAAN Fig. 6.—Respond of South Chapel. was formed of three circular shafts with beads and hollows between, the base mould, of two rolls, followed the line of the pier but below was octangular and had a small plinth. A portion of the flooring of the fourth chapel remained. The south wall of the church extended some 17 feet beyond the west wall, showing that across the west end was a Galilee porch, so usual in a Cistercian church though by no means an essential. It existed at Fountains, Byland, Rievaulx, and Quarr, and where it occurred was a favourite place of interment. Owing to the wholesale removal of the church little was found to indicate its internal arrangements beyond those features already described, which may for clearness be repeated. The high altar was away from the east wall, with a vestry behind, and the side arcades of the presbytery were filled with stone screens. The ends of the aisles were chapels. The south transept had two chapels to the east, undivided by structural walls, and there would be, as usual, a doorway in its south wall. The north transept had one chapel to the east, and must have had a wide staircase against the west wall, from the dorter, for the use of the monks attending the — night offices. The second bay of the nave was occupied by the ~ pulpitum, and the monks’ quire was in the first bay and under the — crossing. There was apparently a chapel in the third bay of the ‘jedvyg ynog ey} Jo puodsey—'), ‘SIT - — ma cg By Harold Brakspear, FS.A. orth aisle, and there would be doorways in the north wall in the rst and last bays. As the part of the church eastward of the pulpitum was for the use of the monks, so that westward was for the lay-brothers, and the nave formed their quire. This conclusion was arrived at some j years ago by Mr. Hope,’ who has also pointed out that the lay- brothers’ stalls were placed against the solid screen walls usual beneath the nave arcades of Cistercian churches. The aisles served merely as passages. Towards the middle of the fourteenth century, _ when the lay-brothers had become much reduced in numbers, if not altogether done away with, the screen walls were generally yemoved and the aisles divided into chapels, as at Fountains, Rievaulx, Kirkstall, Hayles, and other places. At Stanley nothing was found to indicate the existence of these walls at any time, but the tomb in the third bay on the north shows that if they existed they had been done away with by the fifteenth century. THE CLOISTER. : _ The cloister may be called the centre of the monastery, and was % a square court surrounded by the buildings necessary for the daily use of the convent. Covered alleys round the four sides formed passages of communication with all these buildings, and the alley next the church was usually the place where the inmates studied during their leisure time. The buildings surrounding the cloister of a Cistercian house are enumerated in order in the direction for the Sunday procession in the Consuetudines? and were the chapter-house, parlour, dorter and -rere-dorter, warming-house, frater, kitchen, and the cellarer’s puilding, each of which had to be visited in turn and sprinkled 7 with holy water. - | Yorkshire Archeological Journal, xv. 310. ¥ 2 Nomasticon Cisterciense (Solesme, 1892), 133. «Interim vero minister recipiat aquam in quolibet vase de urceolo in quo est aqua benedicta, et habens sparsorium aliud, claustrum aspergat et officinas, ilicet capitulum, auditorium, dormitorium, et dormitorii necessaria, cale- rium, refectorium, coquinam, cellarium.” DL. XXXV.—NO. CX. 20 7 ao “Seed a es a. Se pa wi. rT; , . 562 Stanley Abbey. The cloister at Stanley was not quite square, heing 105 feet from east to west, by about 100 feet from north to south. It had originally pentise covered walks on all the four sides, supported towards the court by a series of arches on coupled columns with moulded caps and bases, of blue lias, which rested on dwarf walls. Fragments of the capitals and bases were found in various parts of the abbey, but chiefly near the pulpitum, in which they had been used up for old material. This shows that the cloister was rebuilt in the fourteenth century. The inner walls were — about 2 feet thick, and found on all but the south side. They had — no buttresses, so the roof must still have been of wood, though what was the character of the walls it is impossible to say, as only a few fragments of fourteenth century mouldings were found. The alleys varied in width from 12 feet on the east to 9 feet on — the west, and were all-floored with tiles. The flooring of the west — alley was found in a: “very: perfect state for over 40 feet, and has been covered bya ‘Permanent shed in order to preserve if in position. THE VESTRY. On the east side of the cloister, adjoining the church, was usually a chamber divided into two parts by a solid cross wall. The eastern part was the vestry entered direct from the transept of the church, and the western part was the book cupboard gained from the ~ cloister. At Stanley this chamber was 14 feet wide, but its extent east- ward is uncertain. In its north wall was a doorway, inserted late in the fifteenth century, of a single member consisting of two ogees. The east jamb alone remained, together with part of the stone sill. This unusual position for a doorway has not been met with elsewhere, and its use is puzzling.’ | 1 At Fountains and Jervaulx are remains of openings in the same position, but they were merely barrow holes and built up as soon as the building works were done. At Netley are remains of an original doorway from the chapter- house to the parlour, but in no other case is any opening known in the side © walls of the chapter-house. | 2 “£ ‘sULpoVd MOI puB pve, Surmoys ‘osnoyy zojdvyD oy} woay osveT—‘g * = By ied Ear PSA Tue CHAPTER-HOUSE. The chapter-house at Stanley was all of the thirteenth century _ rebuilding, and was 60 feet in length by 30 feet in width. It was ay six bays and divided into three aisles, of which the middle “was wider than the others, by two rows of columns, and aulted with cross and diagonal moulded ribs without bosses. The = Chapter-House. Vault ribs. at ‘ ’ ! ee N %& ' 1 ' t i 1 i fa ke Vor NS ° 3 $ . 9 12 \N Inches |, Fig. 9.—Details of Chapter-House. and were all formed of a hard blue lias stone. Each joint was ded in sheet lead. The moulded base had a freestone block eath upon which it was bedded on three flat pieces of iron and. 7 in a hard cement, but so that the base might not press unevenly the iron before the cement was set, wooden wedges were in- ed on three sides [see Fig. 8]. These were ae removed 202 564 Stanley Abbey. when the cement set, but what was the use of the pieces of iron it is impossible to say. The eastern base of the north side re- mained as well as the fourth and fifth on the south. At this point the ruin was found as it fell, with the whole of one of the columns, though broken in two, and the vaulting it carried. In the second bay of the middle aisle were three stone coffins, which, though retaining fragments of bones, had all been disturbed. Westward of these would stand the desk (analogivm) from which the chapter of the Rule and the martyrology for the day were read. A portion of the tile floor was found in the middle of the fourth bay. Round the walls were stone seats, but they do not seem to have been raised on a step in the usual manner, and nothing of them but the rough foundation along part of the south side was found. Next to the chapter-house was the parlour (auditoriwm), the place provided for such talking as was necessary between the in- mates, as silence was strictly maintained in the cloister. It usually had a doorway at either end and formed a passage to the infirmary. Sometimes there were stone seats at the sides, as at Hayles. At Stanley the parlour was 27} feet long by 16 feet wide, and was floored with plain dark and light coloured tiles, chequer-wise. In this chamber were found some chamfered ribs of smaller section than those of the rest of the range, which possibly indicates that it was vaulted into three bays. THE Novices’ Lopaina. Northward of the parlour, and extending some 166 feet, was a long subvault constructed without a break and divided into twelve bays, with a row of columns down the middle. The side walls had been grubbed up, except a fragment of that on the east at the ninth bay and the foundation on the west at the eleventh bay. The piece of wall on the east retained its chamfered plinth, and in connection with it was a fragment of the buttress which projected opposite the ninth column. The middle of the building, except at the north end, was found ~ as it fell; the floors generally were tiled, and the vaulting was of — simple chamfered ribs 8 inches wide. The columns down the By Harold Brakspear, PSA. 565 middle were octagonal on plan, 13$ inches in diameter, and 6 feet 6 inches high above the floor. All the bases were found except the first, tenth, and eleventh ; they varied slightly in section. The base of the eighth column was of one stone with the square angles left on under the base mould, and the column had been set with iron wedges in cement, like those of the chapter-house. At the first column was a cross wall; the second was also in a cross wall and was found as it fell; the third was bedded in another cross wall and stood to its full height to the underside of the capital. The fourth column had gone, owing to a pit being dug at 6" Pillar S Fig. 10.—Details of Dorter Subvault. this point to bury rubbish, but the base was found; the fifth was found as it fell in a south-westerly direction, and round the base was a patch of tile flooring; the sixth had been removed, but the base was found bedded in another cross wall. The seventh, eighth, and ninth columns have left only their bases, of which that of the ninth was also bedded in a cross wall, beyond which all evidence of the range ceased, except for the fragment of the west wall already named. It is uncertain if all the cross walls are of 566 Stanley Abbey. monastic date, though there was no direct evidence that any post-Suppression alterations had been made in this part of the building. Unfortunately in all cases the western parts of the cross walls had been grubbed up, so that no remains existed of the doors of communication which must have been there and which would have indicated the dates of their erection.t The use of these long subvaults under Cistercian dorters has never been satisfactorily explained, though Mr. Hope many years. ago suggested as a result of argument by exhaustion that they were for the use of the novices. At Clairvaulx this building was certainly for that purpose in 1517, for in the account of the Queen of Sicily’s visit there in that year,’ after having been shown the buildings round the great cloister ‘The said lady was taken to the lodging of the novices. The novicery (La novisserie) is a great hall of stone of cut vaulting, and at the end has a chimney, where the novices study their psalter and other things. At the right side are the privies over the water. Following is the dorter of the said novices, vaulted as the said novicery, which has several beds, and at the end the chamber of their master, made of woodwork, in which there is a window by which he sees all that which the said novices do. After is the infirmary of the said novices, to which one goes by a little gallery in which is a beautiful fountain, bordering on this gallery on one side are the chambers where they put the sick novices, which are three in number two below and one above 1 At Jervaulx the eastern side of the dorter subvault was in later times divided into separate rooms, and at Quarr it was divided by cross walls into at least four chambers. 2 Didron, Annales Archéologiques (1845), iii.231. ‘*Ce faict, ledicte dame fust menée en logis des novisses. La novisserie est une grande salle de piére de taille voulsée, et au bout y a cheminée ou les novisses estudient leur Psaultier et autres choses. ‘* Au costé dextre sont les salles privées sur l’eaue. *“Conséquement est le dortoir desdicts novisses, voulsé comme ladicte novissarie, ou y a plusieurs licts; et au bout la chambre de leur maistre, féte de menuiserie ou il y a une fenestre, par laquel il voit tout ce que font lesdicts novisses. ‘‘ Aprés est l’'anfermerie desdicts novisses, 4 laquelle l’on vat par une petite gallerie ot il y a une belle fontaine, tirant icelle gallerie d’ung costé ez chambres ot l’on mect les novisses malades, qui sont du nombre de trois ; deux basses ef une haulte, et ont les retraictz Jesdictes chambres bien acoustrées, et 4 l’autre bout de ladicte gallerie est ung beau jardin pour eulx esbattre, et passe la riviére entre ledict logis et le jardin pour vyder lesdicts retraictz.” By Harold Brakspear, FSA. 567 and have the gardrobes of the said chambers well furnished, and at the other side of the gallery is a pretty garden for them to disport in, and the river passes between the said lodgings and the garden for to empty the said gardrobes. From thence the said lady was taken to the great infirmary of the religious.” As the dorter subvault at Clairvaulx was certainly used for the novices, with their infirmary under the great reredorter of the monks, it is only reasonable to suppose, considering the uniformity of Cistercian planning and the similar character of these buildings in all cases, that this was the general arrangement." THE DORTER. The great dorter (dormitoriwm) was the sleeping-place of the convent. It usually extended from the transept of the church over the whole of the buildings of the eastern range,” and was approached by a flight of steps from the cloister for use by day and had another into the church for the use of those attending the night offices. At Stanley the dorter must have been no less than 240 feet in length, and was paved with tiles down the middle, some of which were found bedded on the top of the fallen vaulting of the buildings beneath. No indications of either stairway were found; but the day stairs must have been against the west wall, starting from the cloister in the north-east corner, as no break occurred in the sub- vault, as would have been the case if the older arrangement of putting the stairs in the middle of the eastern range had been followed. The dorter itself was divided into small chambers with a wide passage down the middle, and the chambers are described at Qlairvaulx as “made of joiners’ work only, from seven to eight feet in length and six feet wide, in all of which there is a bedstead, 1 At Netley, where more of this part of the buildings remain than elsewhere, the noviciery had a fireplace, and the infirmary, under the monks’ reredorter, also had a fireplace, while the blank wall next the drain was recessed for beds, like the monks’ infirmaries at Furness and Beaulieu and that of the lay brothers at Fountains. The reredorter subvaults at Fountains and Jervaulx also had fireplaces. 2 At Waverley the dorter was on the ground-floor and extended from the parlour southward some 200 feet. 568 Stanley Abbey. with bedding thereon, a little cupboard, and a table for writing, and the said chambers are ornamented and furnished with beautiful pictures upon canvas, and tables relating to the devotion of each religious. In each of the doors of these chambers is a window of two divisions, by which each religious, going by the dorters, is able to see his companion in his chamber. In the middle of the dorter is a large cupboard, in which are the copes, chasubles, aud other ornaments of the church, which are in great number and very rich.”? The novices would probably be accommodated in the end furthest from the church, as already described at Clairvaulx, which was also the arrangement at the Benedictine house of Durham. In both cases, and doubtless generally, the novices used the ordinary day and night stairs, and had no separate approach from their other apartments. THE REREDORTER. On the west side of the range a deep sinking marks the position of the main drain of the abbey, and on the opposite side are sinkings for the walls of the reredorter, set slightly out of square with the range, but including the track of the drain along its north side. A small fragment of the north wall was found, but all else had been grubbed up. The building, from its position over the drain and its contiguity to the dorter, was the reredorter of the monks. It was usually approached directly from the dorter and had a row of seats, parted off from one another, along the side over the drain. Nothing remained at Stanley to show if the subvault of the reredorter was the novices’ infirmary, as at Clairvaulx and Netley. 1 Didron, Annales Archéologiques, 228 . . . ‘tet sont faictes de menuiserie, seulement, contenant, de longueur, de sept 4 huict piedz et, de | largeur, six piedz, en toutes lequelles y a ung chalit, le lict dessus, ung petit comptoire et ung poulpitre pour escripre, et sont lesdictes chambres, ornées et accoutrées de belle ymagies en toille et tableau selon la dévotion d’ung chacun religieulx. ‘‘Ttem En chacun des huisse d’icelles chambres y a une fenestre 4 deux bareaux, par laquelle ung chacun religieulx, allant par les dortoirs, peult veoir son compaignon en sa chambre; . “Item, Au milieu dudict dortoir y a des grandes armaires és-quelles sont les chappes, chasubles et autres ornemens de ]’église, qui sont en grand nombre et trés riches.” OO ie By Harold Brakspear, PSA. 569 THE WARMING-HOUSE. The first building on the side of the cloister opposite to the church was the warming-house (calefactorium), so called from having a fire kept burning for the religious to come and warm themselves at in winter. It usually had a fireplace in its west wall, though at Fountains were two vast fireplaces on the east side, and at Tintern was one in the middle of the room, which also seems to have been the arrangement at Clairvaulx. At Stanley not a vestige remained of walls or fireplaces. In the middle of its area was found a small length of drain, leading from the direction of the cloister, probably to take the waste water from the lavatory. The lavatory in English Cistercian houses was invariably recessed in the cloister wall} on one or both sides of the frater door, and above the basin, or rather sink, was arranged a row of taps for the monks to wash their hands under before meals. THE FRATER. The refectoriwm, or frater, which is the building enumerated next after the calefactorium in the direction for the Sunday pro- cession, was the dining-hall of the monks. Although at first the Cistercian frater seems to have stood east and west, parallel with the church, as in Benedictine, Cluniac, and Canons’ houses, it be- came the practice about the middle of the twelfth century, for some reason at present unknown, to place it north and south, with the warming-house on the east, and the kitchen on the west, and with only its end against the cloister. At Stanley, of course, the frater followed the later arrangement and was 110 feet long by about 30 feet wide. A small portion of the foundation of the east wall was found, as well as the lower part of the northern of the two buttresses at the north-east angle, the rest of the walls being marked by sinkings in the ground. SR ee ee eee 1 Abroad the lavatory was often within a round or octagonal building projecting into the cloister, similar to those which have been found at the Cluniac houses of Lewes and Wenlock, and the Benedictine house of Durham. _ There is, however a Cistercian lavatory in this position at Mellifont, in ” Treland. 570 Stanley Abbey. The fragment of the buttress consisted of a deep splayed course, resting on a small chamfered plinth with two courses of ashlar beneath. Above the top course was a moulded string-course of which a small fragment was found, though afterwards mislaid. Cistercian fraters in this country were always covered by open timber roofs, but in France they were generally vaulted. At the opposite end to the door from the cloister was a raised dais for the high table and down the sides were arranged the monks’ seats, with tables in front, with those for the novices at the lower end. In the west wall was a pulpit from which the reader for the week read portions of scripture during meals, and further down in the same wall was a hatch for handing in the food from the kitchen. There was usually a small sink for washing up the spoons and drinking vessels, which were kept in a locker inside the door from the cloister. THE KITCHEN. The kitchen (coguina) in the first place adjoined the frater on the west, but was subsequently altered. As already stated, there was a court 26 feet wide to the west of the cloister, between it and the western range. This at first was closed at the north end by a wall; in which was a large pointed arch of two members, springing at 18 inches above the ground, and flanked externally by buttresses with a chamfered plinths. Eastward of this, in the original kitchen, was a cupboard 264 inches wide and 27 inches deep, with its sill only 14 inches above the floor. The jambs remained 23 inches in height and at 17 inches was a wooden shelf,above which was a wooden front let into slots in the jambs on either side. Eastward of this cupboard was the jamb of a doorway to the kitchen from without. The kitchen seems to have been altered at the end of the thirteenth century, at which time the wide arch into the court and the doorway just deseribed were walled up. The west wall of the first kitchen was pulled down and a new wall, forming the east side of the later kitchen, was built in itsstead. In this wall wasa fireplace, the hearth of which remained, and was 12 feet wide by - — By Harold Brakspear, FS.A. 571 4 feet deep, formed of hard stone set on edge. Northward was a doorway of which the north jamb remained. By this alteration the kitchen, which now was 36 feet from east to west by 25 feet wide, was moved up to the western range aud a new room, on the site of the old kitchen, was formed between it and the frater. This room served partly as aserving place for the frater and may also have been a scullery or a pastry house.t In its north-west angle, just inside the door from the kitchen, was the support for a water tank, and the lead pipe from it was found leading towards the kitchen. Under the middle of the floor of the later kitchen was a stone drain 9 inches wide running northward and joining, close against the north wall, another drain running westward. This seemed to form an overflow to yet another drain or waste which was taken through the north wall by an arch 94 inches wide, having a wooden shutter. On the north side of the kitchen, and partly against the western range, was a small added chamber, 13 feet from east to west by 11 feet wide, that may have been for a scullery. THE CELLARER’S BUILDING. On the west side of the cloister of Cistercian houses, or separated therefrom by a court, as at Stanley, was a long range of building which formed the house of the lay-brothers (conversi) who were under the mastership of the cellarer.2 It contained a dorter on the first floor over a frater and cellarage. The lay-brothers also had an infirmary generally distinct from the range. As the building contained other apartments, beside those occupied by the lay- brothers, but also under the charge of the cellarer, it became known as the cellarer’s building (cellarivm). Lay-brothers among other Orders were merely servants drawn from the lower classes, but with the Cistercians they were often of the same social position 1 At Tintern was a similar chamber between the kitchen and the frater, found last year by the writer. ? Cistercian Statutes, Yorkshire Archeological Journal, x. 232. The cellarer was the officer next in importance to the prior, and had the manage- ment, under the abbot, of all the temporal matters of the house. 572 Stanley Abbey. as the monks themselves, and like them had taken the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The main difference, in fact, between them and the quire monks was, that the lay-brothers were illiterate, and the monks could read and write. They had charge of all the external affairs of the house and performed the manual labour generally... This particular class of religious appears to have died out about the middle of the fourteenth century, owing doubtless to the increase of education amongst the better classes, and was superseded by mere hired servants of the same standing as in other Orders. In some abbeys their buildings were changed to other purposes, and new ones erected elsewhere for the new class, but in many cases the new servants seem to have occupied the quarters of their pre- decessors.” The court dividing the cellarer’s building from the cloister was a peculiarity of the Cistercians, though by no means common in this country, where, besides Stanley, it is only known to have existed at Kirkstall, Sibton, and Byland among early and at Beaulieu and Whalley among the later foundations. It usually had a pentise on the west side. Its use is very uncertain, though it may have been a cloister for the lay-brothers, but if so in such cases as Byland and Beaulieu, which were mere lanes, it must have been both dark and uncomfortable.? At Stanley the cellarer’s building was 148 feet long by 294 feet wide, and was less destroyed than the rest of the work. Its 1 Thid. x. 503—510; with the excellent note upon the chapter by the Rev. J. T. Fowler, M.A., F.S.A. 2? Ford and Hayles followed the example of Cisteaux and converted the cellarer’s building into lodgings for their abbots, whereas, at Fountains, Kirkstall, and Beaulieu, the building appears to have lasted practically un- touched to the Suppression, but it may have been used as a granary as at Clairvaulx. 3 At Cisteaux and Clairvaulx it was in later days entirely covered over. Generally the lay-brothers’ cloister appears to have been a pentise along the west side of the cellarium and had, as at Fountains and Jervaulx, a doorway at the end into the church. At Kirkstall there were both a court and a pentise, but a doorway to the church only from the former. By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 573 east side was in line with the west end of the church. It was divided into two apartments with the entry to the cloister between. This entry was 11} feet wide, paved with hard stone flags at a higher level than the rest of the range, and was vaulted in two bays with moulded ribs, of which one of the apex stones was found. At either end was a doorway,the eastern of which retained the inner south jamb for two courses, together with the re-entering quoins of the adjoining angle. The north and south walls also remained to the floor-level. Southward of the entry the range was occupied by a cellar 58 feet long, divided into four bays, with a row of pillars down the middle, and vaulted with square ribs having narrow chamfers. The bottom course of the northernmost pillar was found, though partly destroyed; it was octagonal, 34 inches across, and had no base. Only the foundations of the other pillars remained. At the south end, in line with the pillars, was a fragment of a wall 18 inches thick, stopped with a fair end 44 feet from the place of the first pillar. The east wall of the cellar remained for almost its whole length, and a fragment of the west wall was also found. Northward of the entry the range formed a chamber 66 feet long, of which the inner face of the west wall, a considerable part of the east, and the whole of the north wall remained. It was divided into five bays, with a row of columns down the middle, and vaulted with moulded ribs. The columns were circular, 14 inches in diameter, and the moulded bases of all but the northern- most remained in position. The chamber was paved with rough tiles. At the second and fourth columns were cross walls, 30 inches thick, but whether of monastic date is uncertain. This chamber was used in the first place as the lay-brothers’ frater, served from the monks’ kitchen. Externally the north end of the range had pilaster buttresses at the angles and in the middle, but.all the quoins had been removed. The east wall was unbroken by but- tresses of any kind and the west wall was so fragmentary that it is impossible to say how it was treated. It is difficult definitely to ascribe a date to the range, but from the occurrence of the pilaster buttresses at the north end the 574 Stanley Abbey. whole of the outer walls were possibly of the twelfth century, and as in the case of Jervaulx and Kirkstall, which were also houses removed from elsewhere, this was perhaps the first thing built, in order to accommodate the lay-brothers, who apparently helped with the building works. In the thirteenth century the entry and frater were vaulted, either for the first time or the old vaults were renewed, as the ribs and columns are of that date. Over the whole range was, in the first place, the dorter of the lay-brothers, entered by a staircase on the east side, serving for day and night uses, as at Kirkstall. In connection with the dorter was a reredorter, of which nothing remains, unless a small piece of wallirunning northward from the end of the range belonged to it. In addition to the buildings described, which surrounded the cloister, there were others as indispensable which must have existed, such as the guest-houses and infirmaries. THe Monks’ INFIRMARY. The monks’ infirmary (infirmatorium monachorum) was required, not only for the temporary accommodation of the sick, but, as its name implies, for the permanent housing of the infirm who were physically unfit to endure the rigorous life of the cloister, and the aged who had been professed fifty years (sempecte). In the Benedictine Order, and among some of the Canons, those who had been let blood (minuti) were allowed to go into the infirmary temporarily after that weakening process, which took place four times in the year, but the Cistercians were allowed no such privilege. It consisted of a great hall, a chapel, and a kitchen, and in large establishments, other buildings with the visiting abbot’s lodging and the infirmarer’s camera. These buildings appear in the first place to have been built of wood, otherwise it is impossible ' Cellarer’s buildings in the twelfth century were generally built without a structural break from end to end, as at Fountains, Jervaulx, and Kirkstall, but later the cloister entry was considered from the first, as at Beaulieu and Hayles, where its walls are part of the general structure. This latter being the case at Stanley, renders it doubtful if any part of the structure was as early as the twelfth century. By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 575 to account for the general building of infirmaries that occurred in the thirteenth century. At Waverley the infirmary was completed sufficiently to allow the chapel to be hallowed in 1201;1 at Fountains the later infirmary was built by Abbot John of Kent ? (1220—47); at Meaux, Abbot John of Ottingham (1221—35) began the monks’ infirmary*?; at Louth Park, Abbot Richard of Dunham (1227—46) “made the monks’ infirmary with a lodging for the infirmarer, the kitchen, and other things necessary.” 4 In later days the monks’ infirmary was generally divided up into smaller apartments and separate cameras, and considerable remains of such division occur at Waverley, Fountains, Kirkstall, and Quarr. At Meaux, Abbot William Scarborough (1372—96) made separate private cameras in the monks’ infirmary and in- stituted one inhabitant to each.* At Clairvaulx, the infirmary of the seventeenth century was composed of small detached rooms round a cloister, similar to the late arrangement at the Benedictine house of Westminster. At Stanley the position of the monks’ infirmary, which was to the east of the chapter-house and placed east and west, is clearly marked by sinkings in the ground, from which the walls have been grubbed. It was about 118 feet long by 54 feet wide, which would indicate that it was divided into a nave with aisles. It was gained from the cloister by a passage in continuation of the parlour, of which fragments of the side walls were found. Just eastward of the chapter-house another passage joined the infirmary passage with the church for the use of the infirm at- tending the services. Of this a length of its east wall was found. Eastward of the infirmary hall are the indications of another building which may have been the chapel. This arrangement of ! Annales de Waverleia, 90 b. 2 Leland, Collectanea, iv. 109. 3 Chronica de Melsa (Rolls Series, 48), i. 482. 4 Chronicon de Parco Lude (Lincolnshire Record Society), 13. > Chronica de Melsa (Rolls Series, 43), iii, 228. Cameras privatas in infirmitorio monachorum separari et inhabitari per singulas instituit.” 576 Stanley Abbey. an oriented hall with a chapel beyond is common with the Bene- dictines but rare in Cistercian houses. Cross trenches. on the sites of these buildings revealed nothing but building rubbish, every atom of the walls having been grubbed up. Northward of the chapel site a mass of foundations was found spanning the main drain, but in so fragmentary a condition as to render doubtful the nature of the building to which they belonged, though from its position over the drain it was probably a gardrobe. Further to the north another building about 20 feet wide is marked by sinkings; it also spanned the drain, and the western part of its south wall with a portion of the construction arch over the drain remained. From this point an overflow from the main drain deflected eastward towards the river, and its line is clearly marked in the ground. North-eastward from the last building is a circular depression 24 feet in diameter, which may mark the site of a dove house. To the west are the remains of two walls at right angles to each other. In the south end of that running north and south are the bottom stones of a doorway of a single square member, and towards the eastern end of the other wall are the plinth stones of what was apparently a buttress on its south side. Eastward of the infirmary as far as the cross ditch was doubtless occupied by the garden usually attached to the infirmary, as the ground is quite even and undisturbed by removed walls. BuILDING MATERIALS. The materials used in the building were for the most part found in the near neighbourbood. The walls were of rubble of hard stone and had freestone dressings. The hard stone is of a poor quality of forest marble, found near Calne. The freestone is of excellent quality of Bath oolite, from Hazelbury, in Box parish. Before 1189 Walter Crok, of Haselbury, gave the monks the whole of his quarry of Haselbury, from the land of Samson Bigod By Harold Brakspear, P.S.A. 577 as far as the ancient ditch and as far as the old road! This was followed by two grants of two acres of quarry adjoining, from Henry Crok, and two grants from Samson Bigod, of Box, of other quarry land? In 1241, on the day of St. John ante portam Latinam “ Robert Abbot of Stanley in Wiltshire, and the Convent of the same place give to the said Convent (of Lacock) one part of their quarry of Haslebury, being in length seventy six feet and in width that which was theirs, that they may take as much stone as they can from that place in exchange for the other quarry that the Convent bought of Henry Crok.”* The exchange was doubtless due to some convenience of access or division of the lands of the two convents. These early quarries were tunnelled into the sides of the hills, with surface adits, but are all now worked out and have given 'Harl. MS. 84-85. (Richard I.’s confirmation charter). Vide Wilts Arch. Mag. xv. 286. Ex dono Walteri Crock totam quarrariam suam de Haselberga a terra Sansonis Bigot usque ad antiquum fossatum et usque ad veterem viam. ? Harl. MS. 6716. (List of lands of Stanley.) Vide Wilts Arch. Mag., xv. 261. Heselbiri. Samsonis bigod de la boxe de Quarraria de Heselbiri. Samsoni bigod de una acra terre et quitaclamantia botarum pro una lessa. Heselbiri. Samsonis bigod de quadam alia Quarraria apud Heselbiri pro -i. pari botarum annuatim. Heselbiri. Walteri Crok de tota Quarraria sua. Heselbiri. Henrici Crok de quadam area ad faciendum Quarrarium qu continet in longitudine . . . latitudinem ij. acrarum. Heselbiri. Henrici Crok de Duabus acris que jacent ex australi parte Quarriarie nostre. Heselbiri. Abbatissz et Conventus de Lacoc de escambio cujusdam Quarrariz. 3 Lacock Cartulary, fol. 30 6. ‘‘ Robertus Abbas de Stanlega in Wiltesire et conventus ejusdem loci dederunt eisdem Monialibus unam partem quarrarie sue de Haselbyria, habentem in longitudine sexaginta et sexdecim pedes, et in latitudine quicquid eorum fuit, ad capiendam petram quantam inde capere poterant, in escambium illius quarrarize quam Moniales emerunt de Henrico Crok. Dat. anno gratie M°cc° quadragesimo primo die Sancti Johannis ante portam Latinam.” This quarry of Henry Crok is referred to in an earlier deed in the same cartulary (fol. 30.) ‘* Henricus Crok dedit eisdem inter terram domini Sampsonis de la Boxe et Walteri Campedene, cum libero ingressu et egressu quamdiu ipsa durare poterit.” VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. 2P aol » ‘ place to the stone mines of the present day, which are such a pe- ae J F oo Stank ey Abbey.’ 2 culiar feature of the neighbourhood. In Aubrey’s time “Haselbury Quarre is not to be forgott, it is the eminentist free-stone quarrey in the West of England, Malmesbury and all round the country of it.”1 In an old map of the seventeenth century belonging to — the late Mr. Peter Pinchen, of Box, “ Haiselbury Queres” are marked on the top of Box Hill northward of the old London Road. In the plinths, and steps, and where else freestone was bedded upon the rubble, the joints were packed with pieces of red roofing tiles. The columns, capitals, and bases of the cloister and chapter- house were, instead of the. usual Purbeck marble, made from a hard blue lias rock similar-.to that found at Keynsham. These were bedded with sheets:ofilead:which were found in connection — with the main pillars of the eltaypter- house, but the similar bedding of the smaller columns ‘had“doubtlessly been made a source of profit at the Suppression, as was done at Rievaulx.? Few fragments of interest beyond those described in connection with the buildings were found; there were, however, pieces of two twelfth century capitals unearthed on the site of the monks’ in-— firmary and a large terminal of thirteenth century leafwork. ), 76. Bindon Abbey, 552. Bingham, Rev. W. P.S., obit., 152. Binney, J., port., 342. Bird, W. R., paper by, 602. Birds, see Bittern; Bustard; Dunlin; Hobby; Peregrine; Phalarope, Grey and Rednecked ; Redpole, Lesser; Redshank; Stone Curlew ; Quail ; Woodchat; Woodcock; Woodpecker; Wry- neck; Yellowshanks. Robt., 85. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 611 Birt, J., 255, 262. Bishop, Hliz., 451. James, 451. John, 52, 71, 76, 211, 218, 220, 252, 278. Leonard, 451. Randoll, 86. Robert, 24, 26, 29, 30, 41, 67, 211, 229. Will., 218, 220. Bishopstone (N. Wilts) Ch. Illust., 341. Bishopstrow, Manor of, given to Lacock, 198, 195, 199, 203, 204, 205, 207. Persons, see Stokes, Henry, John (I. & II.), Sybil, Thomas, William. Bitterns, occurence of, 317, 508. Black, Tho. & Marg., 219. Blacker, Mr., 54. Blacklands Ch. restored, 333. Blackmore, H. P., 185; writings, 329. Bleardon Copse, Grovely, 302. Blissett, Mary, 103. Bloet [Bluet], Sir John, 199. Ralph, 203 ; Sir Ralph, 193. Blund, Walter le, 96. Blunsdon, Geology, 602. Blunsdon, St. Andrew, Persons, see Chatto, J. T. C. (Vicar). Blunt, Col. and Mrs., 164. Blyth (Notts.), 197. Bobbs, Rich. 462. Bobeton, see Bupton. Boditon, J. de, see Bupton. Bodington, Rev. E. J., Librarian, . 534; port., 176. Bodnam, G., 68. Bogue, W. A., writings, 161. Bohun fam. property, 199. Humphrey de [1.—VII.], 200, 207. Matilda, property, 199, 206. Maud, w. of Henry de, 199. Bokerly Dyke, Roman coin, 134. Boles, James, 257. Tho., 214. Will., 267, 268. Bolingbroke, Lady, 188. Bolter, Will., 451. Bond, Joan, 214. Will., 43, 71. Bone and Horn Objects. Button, see Oliver’s Camp. Comb, see Oldbury. Pins, &c., Lake Barrows, 584, 585. Stag’s horn picks, Avebury, 500. Stag’s horns in barrow, Lake, 585. Bone, Robert, 90. Bones of animals, Manton Barrow, 18. Bonham, Mr., 302. John de, 316. Nich. 316. Tho. (I. & II.), Sheriffs, 314; Tho. (I. II., III.), 299, 314; Tho. & Edith, Effigies & inscription, at Wish- ford, 308, 309, 382; Legend of 7 children at a birth, 308, 309. Borel [Burel] holds Langley, 159. Borne, Rich., 33. Thos. 36. Will., 272. Borradaile, B. W. G., Don., 210. Mrs., Don., 210. Borough, Tho., 58. Boroughbridge (Yorks), Stone Avenue, 516. Bosanquet, H. F., port., 168. Mr., 601. Boscastle, 227. Boscombe Ch. visited, 539. Rectory, Hooker’s Study, 539. Registers printed, 168. Botany, Handlist of Plants of Marlborough, noticed, 597. Botewelle [Botwell], Hugh, 27. ‘Rich. de., 494. Botiller, Walter, 470. Boudon, W. de, 483. Boure, David, 39. Bourne, Rev. Dr., 535. Agnes, 214. Eliz., 214, Joan, 267. John, 27—29, 43, 81. Rev. R. B., 319. Rich., 244, Tho., 41, 50, 56, 58. (Widow), 253. Will., 254, 264. Bouvard, Rev. Joseph, obit., 155; port., 344. Bouverie, B. P. (Canon the Hon.), port., 163. E. O. P., don., 178, 524; On a Burial Inci- dent at Market Lavington, and a Remarkable Paro- chial Agreement of the Eighteenth Century, 445— 452; reads“‘Notes on Longford,” 536. E. P. (Rt. Hon.), 445, 452. Walter, 452. Bowells, Tho., 49. Bower, Mr., 237. Alex., 27, 49, 81. Ann, 256. David, 39—43. John, 23, 301; Rector of Wishford, 311. Tho., 277. Will., 228, 256, 267. Bowerhill, Bittern at, 508. Bowes, Dr., don., 345. Bowles, Tho., 253. bo R 2 612 Bowood, 590. Illusts., 328, 522. “The House and its History,” noticed, 328. Visit of King and Queen, 1907, 333. Bowyer, J., 272. Box Ch. tiles, 579. Illusts., 333. Tunnel, illusts, 594. See also Hazlebury. Persons, see Bigod, Samson; Pinchen, Peter; Wolfe, W. Boyere, Tho., 277. Boyton,Persons, see Lambert, Edm. Brabant, Arms of, 456. Brabante, Edith, 24. Bracher, J. H., 22. Bradden, Joan, 256. Bradenstoke Church and School built, 152. Priory, endowed by Longespee fam., 193; founded by Walter of Salisbury, 200; il- lusts, 333 ; property at Hatherop, 197, 203—206. Bradford, B. W. (Rev.), don., 178. C. C., dons., 345, 606. J.E.G., don., 524; port., 163. Bradford-on-Avon, 823. Art. on noticed, 172. Bull Pit, 172. Chapel on Bridge, 172. Church, illusts., 341. Clipping the Ch. at Shrovetide, 288. ‘* History and Description of,’’ 1907, noticed, 336, 518. Tlusts., 168, 172, 324, 522, 594. Kingston Ho. [The Hall], 329; art.on, 336; illusts., 159, 522. Saxon Ch., “ An Account of, by the late Canon W. H. Jones,” 1907, noticed, 168; Illusts., 159, 168; Pre-Norman Sculptured Stone, illust., 8329 ; Service at, 331. Persons, see Beddoe, Dr. J.; Burder, A. W.N. ; Moulton, J.C.; Peurce, G.; Richards, Rev. W. B.; Richman, J., Start, W. H. (Vicar of, ‘Ch, Ch;),.;, Warn, Hs 3B. 5 Wheeler, Rev. W. N. C. Bradley, A. G., writings, 166, 171. Geo., 254, 256, 257, 261. Brakspear, H., on Stanley Abbey, 541—581. Reads paper. 187. Writings, 159, 175, 606. Branscombe (Dev.), Communion Rails, 502. Brasier, Peter, 352—854, 357. Brasses, Sepulchral, see Amesbury ; Burghill (Heref.) ; Wilton. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Braszoter, Alice, 357. Joan, 357. Richard, will of, 357. Bratton Camp, 408. Tilusts., 333. Bray, Gryffyr, 85. Robert, 85. Braydon, occurrence of Hobby, 150. Brayne, Rob., 49. Breach, Rob., 85. Breamore (Hants), Ch., Saxon work, visited, 537. Mizmaze, 537. Bredy, Little (Dorset), Bell, 366. Brent, Rob., holds Wishford, 316. Breton, Will. le, 209. Brewer, J., 60, 77, 82, 281, 545. Brian, J., 482, 494. Brickworth, Persons, see Eyre fam. Bridgeman, Sir Orlando, grant of Bowood, 328. . Bridport (Dor.), Hospital, 231. Bright, Sir C., 592. Mary, 592. Will., 494. Brigmerston, Drinking Cup, 177. Brinkworth, Wryneck at, 150. Bristol, Bellfounders, 368. Cross, illusts., 595. Coins, 124, 126. Bristol, Hen. de, and Parnell de, 483. Bristol & Gloucs. Arch. Soc. visit Avebury, &c., 598. Britford, art. on noticed, 520. Registers printed, 168. Per- sons, see Woodhall, T. J. (Vicar). Broad Chalke, cross base, 503. Persons, see Hewlett, Maurice. Broad Hinton, 478. White Horse, illust., 334. Broad Town, property, 474, 478, 479, 489, 491. White Horse, 324. See also Bernards; Cotmarsh; Thornhill. Persons, see Bernard, M. ; Bright, Tho.; Humphries, Sidney; Parys, Will. ; Pile, Sir Gabriel. Broadley, Mr. 158. Brodie, Lt.-Col., 171. Brodrick, Rev. Alan, writings, 334. Broke, Roger atte, 96, 97, 100. Brokenborough, 164. Brokenborough, J. de, 486. Bromham, House built by Sir E. Baynton, 546. Moore Me- morial Cross, illusts., 170. Persons, see Baynton, Sir E. ; Hughes, Will.; Starky, Mrs. Bronze Age, Cloth, see Manton. Commerce, 18. Pottery, see Pottery. Rom. Date of, 390. — INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Bronze Awls, see Manton. Daggers and Knife Daggers, 582: see Lake; Manton. Lancet, see Manton. Pin, see Lake. Spear Head, see Wilcot. Brooke, Joseph, 281. J. W., collection of, 394,396,399,403,503. Brooks, H., portraits by, 148, 149. Broome Farm, property of Mar- cigny & Monkton Farley, 93—95, 99, 100. Broughton Gifford, Persons, see Brodrick, A., (Rector). Brown, Rev. G. J.,326. John, 312. 327. Meredith, 518. . W., 404. Browne, G. F., Bishop of Bristol, Arts. by, noticed, 325, 326, 329. Hen., 261. John, 48, 254, 263. Rich., will of, 596. Rob., 223, 240. Will., 77, 252. Bruce, Lady Marjorie Brudenell, port., 342. Brunker, H., 481. Bruton (Som.), 275. house, 35, 241. Bryanstone (Dor.), Late Celtic fib- ula, 397, 399, 400. Bryant, Frank, 146. Bryning, Will., 71. Brythe [Bruyther], John, 494, 495. Will., 495. Bryum capillare, 589, 590. Bubbe, Will., 467—469, 480. Bubbeclyve, 485. Bubbeton, see Bupton. - Buchanan, Mrs., 506. T. B. (Archdeacon), 152. Buck, Mr., 311. Buckland, Will., 112. Buckle, of Copper, Stanley Abbey, Alms- 581 ( fig.) Buggeys| Bugies, Buggas, Buggesse ], Eliz., 60. oan, Rob., 56. Will., 39. Buildwas Abbey, 552. Bulford, registers printed, 168. Buller, Bertha Yarde (Hon.), 505. Bulley, F. P., port., 163. Bullich Manor Ho., illust., 383. Bupton [Bobbeton, Bobeton, &c.], Deeds concerning, 460. Bupton, Great, 465, 480, 489. Lower, 469 490; sold by Quentin fam., 480. Marsh, 466. Why inHundred of Cannings,468. 613 Bupton [Bubbeton, &c.], Hugh de, 46], 470. John de, 461, 470, 473, 481. Miles, s. of Milo de, 461, 470. Sarah de 461, 470, 473. Burcombe, Hospital of St. John in Ditchampton, 294. Burder, A. W. N., Local Sec., 582. Burdett, Sir F., 163. Burge, Eliz., will of, 519. Burges, Hen., 56. Burgh, De, fam., hold Langley, 159. Hubert de, 200, 201. Burghill (Heref.), Brass of John Awbrey, 166. Burgundy, Arms of, 456. Burnet, Gilbert, Bp. of Salisbury, arts. on, noticed, 331, 511. ‘* Life of’ noticed, 511. 595. Bursey, J., 249, 251, 253, 281. Burt [ Byrte], Chr., 27, 57. Mary, 264. Tho., 81. Burtenball Meadow, Wilton, 306. Burton, Rich., 274. Bush Barrow, Late Celtic fibula,399. Bush Hayes, Mere, 281. Bussher, Chr., 478. Bussie, John, 211. Bustard, Little, occurrence of, 318. Port., Butler, Rob., port., 164. Walter, 88. Byland Abbey, 560, 572. Byrte, John, 27. Tho., 43, 220. 294, Caillard, E. M., writings, 175, 603. Sir Vincent, H. P., port., 164. Caleoate, Leonard, 314. Calder Abbey, 552. Calley, Ralph, 480. Calne, 323. Botany, 149. Church, illusts., 341; Incised Grave Slabs, 558. Court Rolls, 332. Illusts., 163, 166, 324, 333, 594. St. Mary’s School, 152. Persons, see Bodington, E. J. (Vicar); Duncan, J. (Vicar); Duckett fam.; Fer- guson, R. S.; Harris, H. G.; Jacob, Rey. E.; Moffet, Tho. & Kath.; More, Tho. & Joan; Smith, W. F. (Mayor) ; Stokes, R. Calstone, 541. Court Rolls, 332, 333. Duckett, fam., 477. pegs Tho., Abbot of Stanley, 544, Calvert, Ann, d. of Felix, 601. 614. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Caley, Adam, 352, 355. Cam, Will., 257, 265. Cambe, Will., 270. Camell (——), 243. Campanula latifolia, 597. Campedene, Walter, 577. Camps, use of, 415. See Bar- bury; Bratton; Knap Hill; Old- bury; Oliver’s Camp; Vespasian’s Camp; Winkelbury ; Worlbury (Som.). Camptothecium sericeum, 589. Canal, Salisbury and Southampton, Hist. of, 171. Candelabra, brass, Wylye Church. 380. Canford (Dors.), Manor of, 194, 204, 205 Canning, Rob., 592. Kt., obit., 592. Cannings, All, Registers printed, by J. H. Parry, 595. Persons, see Pollord, W. Cannings, Bishops, Church, illust., 341. Registers printed, by J. H. Parry, 595. Cannings [Kainingham], Hundred and Manor held by bp. of Salis- bury, 468. Cantelow, Arms, 456. Cape, Rob., 85. Capella, H. de, 201. Card, Ed., 229. Cardigan, Earl of, writings, 340. Carent, Mr., 332. Care’s Wife, 49. Carisbrooke, 226. Sir Sam., Carpenter, Geo., 301. James, 301. Margaret, port., 149. Will., 301. W. #H., 149. Carr, Sarah, 153. T. W., 153. Carrier’s Lantern, 177. Cartularies of Wilts Monasteries, existing; 165. Castile, Arms of, 456. Castle Combe, art. and illusts., 172, 333. Persons, see Stokes, Chr. & Agnes. Castle Eaton, Registers, 595. Catkutt [ov Oatkatt], Stephen, 301. Catsopis, property, 490, 491. Caundle Stourton (Dors.), Bell, 366. Cave, J., 27, 33. Cawdry, Mr., property, 311. Cazeres-sur-l'Adour, Rom. coins, 125. Cecil, Robert, Earl of Salisbury, 148. Wil ]., Ld. Burleigh, port. and crest on ceiling at Salis- bury, 148. Centaurea solstitialis, 162. Centenarian, see Harper, Maria. Cerastium arvense, 149, 508. Ceratodon purpureus, 589. Cerdic’s landing place, Wilton as the ancient capital of Wessex, 598. Cerletona, see Charlton. Cerne, John de, 486. Cettre, Manor of, 204, 205, 208, 209. Cettre, John, s. of Robert de, 209. Chadenwich, 42, 224, 269. Chaffey, B., writings, 511. Chafyn, Ann, 88, 214. Kd., 58, 58, 219, 237, 245. Eliz., 256. Leonard, 47—49, 53, 55, 58, 59, 63, 64, 67, 70, 87, 88. Marg., 278, Tho., 32, 211, 228, 225, 245, 248, 250, 2651, 253, 255, 257, 258, 259, 262, 263, 265, 272, 275, 282. Will, 33, 52, 58, 77, 84, 86, 91, 210, 228, 232, 249, 251, 274. Chalfield, Great, Manor Ho., illusts., 159, 333, 522. Neale property, 157. Chalk? Bead, Manton, 9. Challacombe (Dev.), Stone Avenue, 516 Chaloner, Col. R. G. W., port., 164. Chandler (——), 246. Tho. (Dr.), 448. Will., 188, 504. Chaperton (——), 82. Chappell, W., 79, 81. Chappington, J., 64. Charity Enquiries, 532. See also Barford St. Martin ; Dean, West; Devizes; Dinton; Earldoms; Farley ; Fonthill, Bishops; Grim- stead, W.; Grovely; Landford; Luckington; | Netherhampton ; Nunton; Odstock; Pitton; Tef- font; Whiteparish; Wishford. Charlton, Manor of, 194, 205. Charlton, near Malmesbury, 164. Ch. Tombs, 161. Park, Pictures stolen, 172. Pur- chased by W. Stumpe, 160. Persons, see Knyvett, Sir H. Charlton Mackrel (Som.), Rom. coins, 124. Charnage, see Chadenwich. Chatto, Rev. J. T. C., obit., 155 SE INDEX TO Chaworth, S. de, 200. Chedworth (Gloues.), Late Celtic fibula, 397, 401. Chedworth, Lady, monument at Wishford, 307. Lord, List of Hstates sold, 311. Cherhill WhiteHorse,illusts.,324,334 Cheriton (Pemb.), Bell, 367, 368. Chest, Church, Wishford, 382. Chatcombe, 41. Cheverell, Great, Late Celtic fibula, 403. Cheverell, Dolle, W. . Chichester, Hospital of St. James, 227. Chichester, R., Bp. of, 201. Chicklade, Font, 504. Chiffinch, Tho. [I. & II.], 147. Will., port., 147. Chilfinch Copse, Grovely, 302, 304. Chilhampton, 284 errata, 305. Chilton Foliat, Persons, see Pearce, Sir W. G.; Scott, T. J. (Vicar). Chilton Lodge Estate, 321. Chilton, John de, 482. ‘Chimney Wood,” defined, 298. Little, Persons, see Chippenham, 323. Churches, illust., 341. Hundred and Manor, 97, 99. Tllusts., 163, 324, 833, 522. See also Lockswell; Stanley. Per- sons, see Collen, D. (Mayor); Smith, J.; Stevens, C. R.(Mayor). “Qhippinge,” a novel, noticed, 329. Chirton, registers, 595. Per- sons, see Cowles, R. Chisbury, 517. Chisenbury, East, property of Ld. Chedworth, 311. Chislett ( ), 75. Ankaret, 56. Henry, 76, 81. ohn, 56, 68, 71, 253, 258, 265. Margery, 68. "Rob. 39, 65, 71, 84, 91, 244, 270. Will., '36, 76, 245, 265, 267, 270. Chitterne, Bell, 365. Manor given to Lacock, 194, 197. Persons, see Hopkins, J. Chiverell, Sir Alex. de, 208, 209. Chivers, Giles, don., 344, 524. John, don., 524. Rob., 89. Chorley (Lancs.), Rom. fibula, 405. Chrysom Book, see Salisbury, St. Thomas. Chubb, Hen., 149. Tho., port., 149, 343. VOL. XXXV. 615 Chudleigh, Eliz., Duchess of King- ston, Trial of, art. noticed, 329. Church Ales, 62, 291, [afterwards “ Parish Ales,’’], Mere, 27, 31, 33, 34, 86, 38, 41, 44, 45, 48, 49, 210, 218, 216, 222, 232, 256, 259, 260, 263, 291. “Prince & Lord for,” 258. Church Furniture. Chests, see Wishford. Communion Rails, see Hill Deverill; Sher- rington. Screens, see Ames- bury. Church House, see Kington St. Michael; Mere. Church Plate, Chalice, Mere, 62, 65. Ciborium, see Malmesbury Abbey. See also Salisb. Cath. Church Seats, appropriated & let in 15th & 16th cents., 24, 27, 30, 357. Church Stock, Silver Spoons, 25, 26. Churches, see Amesbury; Bos- combe; Bradenstoke; Bradford- on-Avon; Breamore; Charlton; Chippenham; Clyffe Pypard; Coombe Bissett; Cricklade ; Farley; Grimstead, W.; Hul- lavington; Langford, Little & Steeple; Lydiard, Millicent & Tregoze; Malmesbury, Westport; Martin; Minety ; Pertwood: Pur- ton; Rockbourne (Hants) ; Rod- bourne Cheney; -Shalbourne; Sherrington; Sherston; Strat- ford-sub-Castle; TythertonLucas ; Wilton; Wishford; Wylye. Churchill, Lucy, 66, 71. Rob., 43. Cinclidotus Brebissoni, 589. C. Sontinaloides, 589. Cisteaux Abbey, 572. Cistercian Abbeys, Church Naves, use of, 561. Dorter subvaults, use of, 566. Frater, roofs of, 570. Infirmaries, 574. Lavatory, position of, 569. Cistercian Order, Lay Brothers, position of, 571. Number of Houses in England, 543, 544. Rules as to Buildings, 548, 558. Statutes, 542, 543. Clairvaux Abbey, 550, 566—569, 672, 575. Clare, arms, 559. Clare, Ph., 314. 616 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. ‘* Clarendon and its Palace,” art. on, noticed, 601. Charities, 168. Legacy to mend roads, 352, 354, 359, 361. Park, 316. Claridge, Mr., 311. Clarke, Will., 54, 64, 69, 89, 212, 218, 230, 233, 237, 241, 246. Clark-Maxwell, Rev. W. G., on The Earliest Charters of the Abbey of Lacock, 191—209. Clatford Bottom, sarsens, 587. Clavy, Alice, 214. John, 275. Rob., 63. Cleeve Abbey, 552. Cleeve, Rob., 278. Cleeves [Clyves], Rob., 50, 52—56. Clement, Florence, 24. John, 220, 223, 238, 251—254, 256, 277, 281. Nich., 37, 44, 45, 48, 49, 52—55, 59, 62, 63, 67, 70—72, 74—81, 85, 2380, 232, 233, 247. Rich., 228, 238. Rob., 273, 282. Tho., 219. Will., 266, 274. Clements, Ellen, 56. Cleobury, Rey. E., 165. Clerke, Gregory, 600. Cleve, see Clyffe Pypard. Cleves Wood, Clyffe Pypard, 478. Cleves, Rich., 218. Rob., 218. Cleydon, J., 495. Clogher (co. Tyrone), Late Celtic fibula, 396. Clutterbuck, H. F., port., 163. Clyffe Hall, M. Lavington, 451. Clyffe Pypard, 194. Barbastelle Bat, 508. Church, effigies, 167. Deeds concerning, 460—496. ‘Field and Place Names, see Cleves Wood; Coodlin Hill ; Kingeroft ; Lawful Moors ; Rosiers; Warrins: Withybed. Flint implements, 177. Peregrine Falcon, 150. Quails, 318. Quern, 605. Snow- storm, 1908, 503. See also Bupton ; Woodhill. Persons see Badynton, J. de; Bubbe, W; Bupton, John and Miles de; Brunker, H.; Cobham, Ed. Joan, and Will; Dauntsey, Will; Duckett, R.; Edge, Rich., Rob., andMarg.; Fraine orFreney,Tho., Walter, and Matilda; Gale, T.M. ; Goddard, Fran., John, Thomas, and Will.; Greenaway, Tho.; Will, 276. Harrold, W.; Hooper (——); Hunton, R.; Kingston, J. ; Letton or Latton, J.; Mellepeis, J. de; Pile, Gab. and Will.; Quintyn, Hen., Tho., Walter, and Will.; Shirle, Will; Short ( ); Stoke, W. de; Tany, J.; Warreyn, Emma, Geo., John, and Simon. Clyffe Pypard, Roger of, 492, 493. Clyne, John, 461. Clyve, see Clyffe Pypard. Clyves, Rob., 60. Tho., 53. Coate, illusts., 163, 324, 512. Coates, Harcourt, obit., 321. W. H., 821. Cobham, effigy, 167. Ed. and Joan, 476. John, 494, Sir Reginald de, 159; legend of, 160. Will., 478. Cockerell, Prof., on Sculptures of Porch of Malmesbury Abbey, 325. Codford S. Peter. Persons, see Macleane, D. (Rector). Codrington, Mr., 311. Codrington, Thomas,on Fossil Remains of Plesiosaurus from Savernake, 114. Coffer, Sir John and Philippa, brass, 454. Coffin of oak tree, Minety Church, Af Coffyn, Ed., 226. Coins, British, see Barford St. Martin. 1s. of Elizabeth, 581. Coker fam., 502. Cokes, Rich., 65. Colchester, Elias, s. of John de, 485. John and Alice de, 485, 486. Cold Kitchen Hill, Late Celtic Pottery, 392. Shale brace- let, 407. Coleham, R. de, 209. Cole, W. P., 318. Coleman, A., don., 345; Reads on Swindon Registers, 186 ; writings, 337. F. S., 186, 189. Peter, 76, 81, 220, 224, 229. Walter, 208, 209. Coleraine (Ireland), Rom. coins, 124, 126. Colerne, 329. Pre-Norman Sculptured Stone, illusts., 329. Registers printed, 335, 518. Coles, Carey, 508. Hen., 70, 2, INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Collen, D., port., 3438. Collens, Marg., 258. Collier, Arthur, 286. Joseph, effigy, 386. Mrs., of Steeple Langford, sufferings of, 286. Collingbourne Ducis, 518. Collingbourne Kingston, 489—491. Collins, Benj., printer, 146. Colles, Harry, 76. Hen., 41, 90. Colman, Geo., port., 176. ‘* Mother,” 76. Colston, C. FE. H. A., 341; don., 524; port., 343. Colyn, Rich., 101. Colynborne, Will., 496. Combe, David, 242. Comme, John, 68. “Communion Bread,” see Holy Loaf. Communion Rails, Jacobean, 502. See also Hill Deverill ; Sherring- ton. Communion Wine, amount of, used, 211, 215. Compton, Beauchamp (Berks), Manor of, 464, 465, 489,—491, Compton Chamberlayne, Park, Tree struck by Lightning, 606. Compton, Enford, property, 311. Compton, Mr., 311. Hugh, 255, 262. Mary, 264. Constable, Hen. le, 96, 97, 100. Coodlin Hill, Clyffe Pypard, 494, Cook, E., 531; dons., 178, 524. Martha, 451. Cooke, Morris, 219, 227. Tho., 63. - Cookson, Capt. F., port., 163. Coombe Bissett Ch., visited, 536. Cooper, Ambrose, 451. Mary, 149. Rev. W. H., 598; dozx., 605. Coote, Caroline E., d. of Rob., 321. Sir Hyre, 536. : Copper, value of in Middle Ages, 365 Cordrey, W., 219, 226, 231, 240. Cornelius, W., 227. Cornewall, R., 85. Cornwall, Richard, Earl of, his arms on Tiles, 579. Corsham, almshouses, illusts., 333. Court, art. on, 597; illusts., §22, 594. House, old, stone taken to build Bromham Ho., 546. Tllusts., 172, 603. Manor of, 97, 99. Mayo VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. 617 Fountain, 172. Neale pro- perty, 157. Persons, see Arnold fam. ; Neale fam. Cortes, J., 219, 227. Corton, Hilmarton, [Corston], pro- perty, 461—464, 489—491. Cotes, 468. Cotmarsh [Cotesmersshe], 475, 478, 481. Cotterell, F. M., 505. Cottle, Mr. and Mrs. D., ports., 604. Coulston, East, Manor of, 199. See also Baynton. Coulton, Rob., 219. Court Farm, 311. Court Rolls, see Alvediston; Ber- wick St. John; Calne ; Calstone ; Fasterne; Nettleton; Wishford. Coward [Cowherd], (——), 86. Agnes, 247, 255, 262, 281. Ann, 83. Chr., 27, 39, 40. Gillen, 48. Jesp. (sic), 266. John, 38, 49, 52, 60, 66, 84, 86, 92, 210, 211, 213, 214, 216, 220, 228, 234, 245, 248, 249, 259—261, 266, 267. Julian, 24, Marg., 260. Mary, 264. R., 41. Randall, 44, 47, 60, 92, 242, 245, 247, 248. Rob., 25, 38, 83, 248, 250— 253, 264, 266, 267, 281, 282. Tho., 42, 60, 68, 75, 76, 79. Cowdry, W., 307. Cowlam (Yorks), Late Celtic fibula, 396—398, 402. Cowles, R., 227. Cowley (——), 278. Joan, 46, 62. John, 86, 250—256, 260, 278. Leonard, 47, 49, 53, 55, 59, 60, 62, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 84, 86, 87, 213, 245, 248, 260. (Mother,) 49. Richard, 46, 48, 59. Tho., 257, 258, 262, 275. Cowlston (Surrey), 220. Cox, Charles, 257, 261, 278, 281. Eid., 226. J. B., writings, BLE Lawrence, 265. Richard, 68, 254. Coxhill (——,), 63. Crabbe, George, 223, 241, 259, 265. “And his Times,” by R. Huchon, 1907, noticed, 157, 158. AsBotanist, art. noticed, 824. Bibliography, 158. ‘‘ Works of,’’Clarendon Press,1908,noticed, 521. 258 618 INDEX TO Cradock, Arms, 456. Francis, 23. Granborne Chase, Deer, 298. Cranborne (—), 82. Crase, Alex., 281. Crew, Ph., port., 149 Cricklade, Abington Court, oak bed- stead, 328. Charters, 337. Ch. of St. Mary, Cross, illust., 522; visited, 189. Ch. of St. Sampson, visited, 189. Freedom of Inhabitants from Market Tolls, 328. Persons, see Sprigg, Sir G., (M.P.). Crisp, Roger, 482. Crockeford, Sir G. (priest), 27. Crocodile swallows stones, 114. Crofton, Gt. Bedwyn, 518. Crok, Hen., 577. Walter, 576, 577. Croke, J., 478. Cromp, see Crump. Crook, Hen., 544. Crooke, Will, 226. Croshal, R. de, 202. Crosse, J., 231. Crosses, see Aldhelm, St.; Broad Chalke ; Bromham ; Cricklade St. Mary’s; Mere. Consecration, see Salisbury Cath. Crouch, John, 281. Simon, 55, 90, 92, 214, 220, 221, 223, 228, 229, 231, 233, 234, 236, 239, 245, 247 —251, 278, 281, 282. Tho., 37—39, 42, 55, 72, 77, 229, 256, 257. ‘Crowly, Dan., 451. Crucifixion, sculptures of, Stapleford Ch., 379 ; Wylye Ch., 380. Langford, Little, Ch., 388. Crudwell, Registers printed, 168. Crug yr Avan, Stone avenue, 516. Crumpe[Cromp], Basill (daughter), 273. John, 244, 258, 278, - 982. Will., 88, 92, 229, 231, 233 —236, 239, 246, 255, 257, 258, 273, 282. Cubbington, Ch., effigy, 384. “ Guckowe King”’ and “ Prince ” at Mere, 36—39, 42, 44, 46, 47, 50, 53, 55. Cunnington, B. H., 1, 408; dons. 177, 344, 345, 524, 606; excava- tions,184, 533 ; Reads papers,539, 598; work at Museum, 183, 531. E,, 400. Maud E. (Mrs. VOL. XXXV. B. H.), 532, 584; dons., 346, 524, On Oliver’s Camp, Devizes; 408—444; On opening of Bronze Age Barrow at Manton, 1—20; work at Mu- seum, 183, 531; writings, 184. W., don., 524; note, 317. Curry, North (Som.), Rom. coins, 124, 132. Curry, Douglas (Admiral), 592. R. F.[Memoir by H. W. H.], noticed, 600; obit., 592; port, 601. Cursone, Edm., 226. Curtice, Cuthbert, 264. Cuuelestone, 204. Daco, John, 200, 201, 207. Daggers, 177, 503. Dahl, Michael, works by, 147. Daivill, R. de, 474. Dale, Rob., 226. Daleway, Roger, 209. Dances, Religious in Churches, 288. Daniel, Rev. J. J., writings, 339. Danke, Hen., 220. Danvers, Rachel, d. of Rich., 166. Darell, Alex., 496. John, 462. Dartnell, G. E., dons., 178, 345; writings, 161, 511. TEN; don., 524; writings, 161. Daubeny, Sir H., 192. Dauntsey fam., 451. Amb., 476, 477. Will., property in Clyffe Pypard, 462, 476, 477. Dauphiné, Arms of, 458. Davenish, Tho., 89. Davey, E. C., Writings, 336. Davidge, W., 86. Davies, Rev. J. Silvester, 532; Edits Tropenell Cartulary, 184, 509. Morris, 219. Tho., 281. Davis, Rev. G. M. and Mrs., hos- pitality, 539, 540. Hugh, 315. (Miss), 164. Tho., 44, 45, 48. Will., 307. Dawkins, J., 293. Dawson, H. B., 322. Day, Rob., 85. Day’s Farm, 311. Deacon, Walter, 229, 238. Dean, 171. Dean, West, Charities, 168. Deane, Dewby [Dubio], 272—274, 276. Deck, W., 81. Deere, John, 301, 314. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 619 Deerhurst (Glouc.), Saxon Ch. & Chapel, visited, 187. Com- munion Rails, 502. Delamare, Mabel, 202. Delamere, Sir John, holds Langley, 159. Dennett, Mr., 315. Dennis, Sir J., 192. Depeford, John de, 208. Ph. de. 206, 208. Derneford, Sir R. de, 209. Despenser, Hugh, 481. Deu’ell, John, 50. Devenyshe, W., 327. Deverill, Mr., 49. Devil’s Den, illust., 162. Pre- servation of, 497. Devizes, 323. Address of Cor- poration to James II., 518. “ Annals of,” by R. D. Gillman, 1908, noticed, 332, 602. Castle, Castle Guard by Bishop’s tenants, 468, 469; Stone from, taken to build Bromham Ho., 546; taken by King, 468. Charters, 173. Hillworth, Quaker Burial Ground, 595. House of Correction, Swords from, 344. Illusts., 163, 324, 333, 594. Museum, enlarge- ment, 171, 183, 530. Market Cross, illust., 341. Pitch Pipe from Old Baptist Chapel,524. Rom. Coins, 409. Per- sons, see Bouvard, J. ; Chivers, G.; Cook, E.; Gillman, R. D.; Grant, Mrs.; Nicholas, Rob.; Reynolds, Ch. & F.; Sloper, E. Dewe, John, 60, 71, 77, 79. Rich., 81. Dewell, Tim., 466. Dick, Agnes, 255, 262. Dorothy, 264. Edw., 51, 53, 57, 61, 64, 75, 77, 78, 252. Joan, 43. Will.; 81, 220, 224. Dickens, F. V., ‘‘ Primitive and Medieval Japanese Texts trans- lated,” noticed, 174. Dicks, Edw., 252. (Widow,) 281. Dicranium scoparium, 589. Dicranoweisia cirrata, 589. Dideham, J. de, 204. Didnam, formerly Co. Wilts, 519. Dilton Marsh, Persons, see Scott, Hen. Dinton, 303, 466. Charities, 167. Persons, see Ludlow, Tho. & Jane: Pyle, Sir Gabriel ; Wyndham, W. Dirdo, Chr., 252, 270. Mary, 66. Will., 68. Ditchampton, 303, 305. Per- sons, see Clare, Ph.; Calcoate, Leonard. Dixon, H. N., 596. On the Moss Flora of the Marl- borough Greywethers, 587 —590. Dobbys, J., 462. Dobson, Rev. J., 448. Docker, Rev. F., port., 523. Dodington, Mr., 42, 86—88. Mrs., 266. Chr., 32, 50, 59. 64, 79, 81. Edw., 278. Eliz., 44. Francis, 59. Jane, 87, 88. Joan, 44. John, 49, 75. Leonard, 56. Marg., 79. Stephen, 278. Tho., 50. Will., 52, 59. Doggrell, John, 47, 254. Tho., 261, 263, 272. Dol, Hugh de, 202, 204. Dolle, Will., 219. Dollynge, Isabel, 33. Dolman, John, 462. Doly, Adam, 358, 360—362. Donhead St. Andrew. Persons, see Bourne, R. B. (Rector); Ince, P. (Rector). Dorling, Rev. E. E., on the Heraldry of Wilton Church, 453—459. Dormer, Michael, 476, 477. Dotesio, W., dons., 178, 345. Doughty, S. W., 115. Douglas, John, Bp. of Salisbury, port., 148. Dowding, Christina, 359, 362. Chr., 238, 244, 250, 253. Rob., 68. : Dowing, John, 226. Dowlish Wake (Som.), Bell, 367. Down, Rich., 308. Downton, Redshank at, 150. “ Sir Bevis’ of, 519. Saxon Boundaries of, Rey. A. D. Hill reads on, 536, 598. Draper, John, 451. Mary, 451. Drew fam., 386. Will., 58. Drogo founds Stanley Abbey, 541. Drownfont Abbey, derivation of name, 541, 542, 544. Ducker, Edw., 219. 620 INDEX TO Duckett, fam., 157, 477. Sir Lionel, 477. Owen and Wini- fred, 479. Stephen, 477. Rob. and Eliz., 478, 479. Duddelyng, Reg. de, 101. Duke, Rev. Ed., Library sold, 531. Notes on Barrows at Lake, 582—586. Duncan, John (Canon), [memoir of] noticed, 328; obit., 151; writings, 174. J. M., 152. Dunche, Sam. and Mary, 491. Dunham, Richard, Abbot of Louth Park, 575. Will., 853, 355. Dunlin, occurrence of, 150. Dunsany, Ld., port., 176. Dunstanville, W. de, 474. Dunworth Hundred, 466. Durham Abbey, 568, 569. Durnford, Little, Manor illusts., 161. Durynton, Tho., 352, 354, 358, 361. Dycke, Joan, see Dick. Dyer, Rob., 279. Dyper, W., 462. Dysmer, J., 462, 463. Eales, Walt., dons., 524. Earldoms, the, Charities, 168. Earth, Roger, 314. Earthquake, 69. Earthworks, lines of dark mould in, Ho., 430. Eastbury, Lambourne (Berks), Manor, 483. Kastcott, 446. Easterton, hailstorm, 1862, 330. List of owners and occupiers, 1742, 451. Rom. Coins and fibula, 403. ‘The Kestrels ” Ho., 445. Persons, see Allsopp, R.W. (Vicar); Hayward, Benj.; Selfe, Mr. Eastman (——), 238. Eastmeade, John, 60, 71. Easton Grey. Persons, see Smith, T. Graham. Easton Royal, 518. Eatman, Chr., 265. Eaton, Isaac, 265. Eblesbourne, Sir Tho. de, 202, 206 —208. Echternach, Dance in Church, 288. Edge, Marg., 478. Rich., 462. Rob. and Marg., 477. Edington= Athandune, 409. Battle of, W. H. Stevenson on, 329, 518. Church, art. and Exeter, Rich., Earl of, 541. 3 # 7 VOL. XXXV. illusts., 159, 172. Illusts., 594. Monastery, 545. Records, 165. Edington (Berks), 409. 4 Edington (Som.)=Authandane, 410, Rom. coins, 124. Edmonds, J., 462. Edmund, St., 290. Edwards ( )y Ol. John, 56, 66, 81. Effigies, see Clyffe Pypard; Lang- ford, Little; Langford, Steeple; Wishford. Elcho, Lady, ports., 343, 523. Elliott, James, 111, 113. Elweys, Mr., property, 311. Encalypta streptocarpa, 590. Encrinites used as Beads, 9. Enford, illusts., 166. Property owners, 311. Englefield, Sir W., 194. Engleheart, Rev. G. H., note, 115. On Rom. coins at Grovely, 327. Entomology, 161. Eoliths, 829, 330. Hackpen. Erchfont, Records of, 165, 166, 597. _ Registers printed, 335. See also Eastcott. Erica tetralia, 597. Erle, Rich. (I. & II.), wills of, 519. Escott, Arth., 508. Essex, Maud, d. of Geoffrey, Earl of, 200. Estynges, Hen., 89. Etchilhampton, Registers by J. H. Parry, noticed, 595. Ethandune, site of battle, 409. Eurhynchium crassinervium, 588, 589. E. rusciforme, 590. Evans, A. J., 406. David, 89. Eve [Eves], John, 306, 307. Will., 307. Everall, 305. Everett, Col., 154. Mrs., 154. Rev. A. J., 605; obit., 153, Frances C., d. of Rev. F., 591. Joseph, 153. Lionel D., port., 605. Everley, Botany, 162. Per- sons, see Barnston, Dr. J. (Rec- tor). Ewe, Edw., 314. Ewing, Robert, D.D., obit., 506. Exeter Hospital, 231. Job, 502. See also INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 621 Hyre fam. of Wilts, arts. on, noticed, 165, 166, 595, 596. Rich. (Canon), 306. Rob., 147. Sir Sam., port., 147. Tho., 147. Will., 147. Eyre’s Folly, illust., 165. Farleigh Hungerford, Castle and Chapel, illust., 159. Kstate, Sale, 337. Farley, Charities, 168. Church and Wardenry visited, 539. Hospital, 170. Persons, see Davis, G. M..(Vicar). Farley founded by H. de Bohun, 200. Farley Chamberlayne (Hants), Bell, 366. Farley, Will. de, 481. Farm charges, 1906, 1907, lists of, noticed, 173, 519. Farnborough, Tho., 358, 361. Farr, Mary, 111. Fasterne, Court Rolls, 284. Fauconer, John le, 208, 209. Fawcett, Hen. (Rt. Hon.), account of and ports., 148. Mrs. H., writings, 521. Will., port., 149. Feet of Fines for Wilts, calendar of, 165, 166, 597. Feltham, J. H. and Mrs,, ports., 342. Ferguson, R. 8., Local Sec., 532; note, 149. . Ferrers, W. de, 202. Ferris, Will., 89. Fibule, of Italian type, N. Wraxall and Baydon, 394 (figs.). Of “La Tene I.” type, date of, 395, 396. Fiddington Sands, 505. Field Names. See Clyffe Pypard ; Groveley; Mere. Fifield, property of Ld. Chedworth, 311. Fire Engine, see Wishford. Fisher, Grace, 238. John, 76; Bp. of Salisbury, port., 149. Rich., 31. Fisherton Anger, Friars Preachers, 351, 354. Persons, see Clement, Tho. ; Cox, Ed. Fisherton Delamere, Bapton in, 461, 466. Fitz, John, 160. Fitzharding, Aldena, 156. Rob., 156. Fitz Herbert, Peter, 200. Fitz Hugh, Arms, 454. 201. Fitzmaurice, Lord, 522; don., 178; port., 163. Fitz Nicholas, Ralph, 200, 201. Fitz Philip, John, 201. Flanders, Arms of, 456. Fletcher, G. H., port., 163. Flint & Stone Implements, see Clyffe Pypard. Flakes in Barrow, Lake, 585. Scraper, Oliver’s Camp, 435. Flower, C. T., 510, 532. ‘* Fold-Shores”’ defined, 300. Foley, J. G., 322. Folklore, &c., see Bonham, Tho., 7 children at a birth ; Bradford-on- Avon, ‘‘ Clipping the Church; ” ““Cuckowe King”; Dances, Re- ligious; Gillingham, ‘Summer Lord”; Grobham, Sir Richard and Wild Boar; Grovely, Leg- end; Lydiard Millicent Manor ; Newnton; St. John Bapt. Day; Steenbrook Hill; Stonehenge Bird; Wishford, Bough. Day, Legend of 7 children, and Mid- summer Tithes. Folkestone, Viscount, 149. Folliott, J. A., 149. Font Candle, 596. Fonthill, derivation, 502. vations near, 177. Fonthill Abbey, Nelson and Lady Hamilton at, 335. Fonthill, Bishop’s, Charities, 167. Persons, see Burge, Eliz. Fonthill Gifford, Charities, 167. Fontinalis antipyretica, 589. Fonts, see Amesbury; Avebury ; Chicklade ; Langford, Little, and Steeple ; Lydiard Millicent ; Pert- wood ; Potterne; Stapleford, Wishford. Fooke, W., 89. Ford Abbey, 572. Ford, Edw., 55, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 68, 87, 234, 267, 273. Humphrey, 81. John, 43. Rob., 36, 223, 236, 238, 263, 273. Thos., 81, 267, 272, 277, 282. Will., 211. See also Fourde. Forneaux Arms, 455. Forrester, A. L., port., 348. Forrybee, Mr., 271. Fort, Capt. G. H., port., 163. Rich., Exca- 622 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Forward, Chr., 229, 234, 235, 238, 239, 241, 242, 244, 246, 260, 265, 268, 281, 282. Dorothy, 273. Edw., 238, 255, 256, 259, 262, 267, 273, 277, 281. Geo., 50, 66, 79. Hen., 223, 229. Joan, 267. John (I. & II.) 33, 42—45, 48, 55, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64, 66, 68, 71, 91, 217, 225, 230, 235, 236, 238, 242, 245, 256, 257, 258, 260, 272, 273, 276, 277, 278, 281. Kath., 79, 81. Marian, 49. Rob., 47, 89, 90, 221, 222, 224, 225, 236, 237, 255, 262, 267. Roger, 43. Tho. (I. & IT.), 81, 84, 88, 214, 216, 218—220, 223, 228, 245, 259, 260, 261, 264, 266, 267, 271, 277, 278, 281, 282. (Widow), 235, 238, 281. Will., 30, 42 —45, 48, 49, 66, 211, 217, 219, 223, 235, 287, 276, 281. Wolston, 278. Foster, Grace, 222. Hen., 256. John, 47, 50, 55, 77, 79. Mary, 228, 265. Randall, 32, 47. Rich., 35. Rob., 75, 77, 88, 221, 222, 229, 253, 254, 256, 258, 261, 264, 270, 271. Wolstan, 24, 27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 44, 49, 76, 85, 87, 91, 244, 258, 260, 261, 265, 269, 270, 272, 277, 278, 281. Fourde, Edw., 43. Rob., 31. Founder, Humphrey, 352, 354. Fountain’s Abbey, 552, 553, 559, 560, 561, 562, 567, 572, 574, 575. Fowle, John, 45]. Wi: ay port., 164. Fowler, Rich., 223. Fox bones in barrow, 18. Heads paid for, 64. Fox fam., of Farley, 539. John, 86. Sir Stephen, ports., 540. Fraine or Frayne fam., see Frene. Frampton, Ch., 146. Francis, John, 234, 237, 242, 244, 245, 282. Francom, Ch., 503. Frankelayn, Walter, William, and Simon, 482. Freke, Col., 320. 320. Frene [Fraine, Frayne, Freney], fam., arms, 488. Alice, 471, 472, 475. Isabel, 461, 472. John, 43. Flo. M. §., Rich., 494. Matilda, 461, — 470. Tho., 461, 470, 471, 473. Walt., 461, 470. Frewer, Paul, 172. Frith, J., 55, 249. Frome, 329. Fry, John, 358, 361. John le, 100. Steven, 245. Fryer, Tho., 261, 281. Fryvill, Alex. and Joan, 484. Fuller, G. P., port., 163. J.M.F., port., 176. Fulton, Rosa E., d. of Hamilton, port., 176. Mrs. Hamilton, artist, 148, 149. Fure, John, 352, 354, 363. Furness Abbey, 550, 567. Gaby, Mrs., 311. Gale, T. M., 150. Game fam., arms, 456. Game board cut on Ch. bench, 379. Gamlyn [Gamling], Dorothy, 261. W. H., 592. John, 65. Mary, 55. Michael, 60, 66,68, 71, 241, 267. Rob., 256, 261. Simon, 53. Ganford, Agnes, 211. Gardiner, Chr., painter, 147. Gardner ( ), 241. Edw., 63. John, 257. Garinges, Alicia de, 192. Garlands of Roses in Churches, 290. Garnegot Arms, 455. Garsdon Church, Washington Mon- ument and Plate, illust., 332, 594. Manor Ho., illust., 332. Gatehouse, Ann, 214. John, 86. Rob., 271, 277, 278, 281. Gateley, Randolph, 257, 260, 281. Gatesden, Sir Adam, Rector of, 206, 207. Geddes, Alex. R., 149. Michael, acct. of, 519. Gee, Rich., 65. Genslate, Tho., 85. Genson, Tho., 227. Geoffrey II., of Damfront, 94. Geoffreys, Tho., bellfounder, 367. Geology, see Greensands; Saver- nake; Swindon; Wootton Bas- sett. Gerrard (——), 50. Gerrett, John, 225. Gibbes, Edw., 265. Giddons, Will., 264. Giffard, H. F., port., 164. Gildon, see Gyldon. Tho., 40, 41. Isaac, 261. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 623 Giles, Nathan, 286. Gillingham (Dors.), 212, 215, 503. “The Lord of,” 236, 243, 245, 269. Gillingham, Roger, 465. Gillowe, Will., port., 149. Gillman, Mr., Senr., writings, 602. R. D., dons., 178, 606; port., 176 ; writings, 175, 602. Gilmore, Stephen, 112. Glass, painted, Lydiard Millicent Ch., 376. Rodbourne Cheney Ch., 370. Salisbury, Hall of John Hall, 535. Stapleford Ch., 378. Wilton Ch., 454, 456 Wilton Ho., 593. Glastonbury, Lake village, 391, 393. Glide [Glyde], John 314. 112, 113. Gloucester, Walter de, 100, 486. Glover, Hen., 86, 214, 229, 257. Godarville, Sir W. de, 206, 208. Goddard ( ), 217. Ambrose, 165. Rev. C. V., 183, 288 ; dons., 178, 344, 524; Notes and Remarks, 504, 534. Edmond of Hartham, will, 329. Rev. E. H., 17, 185—188; dons., 177, 346, 524, 605, 606; Guide, 536— 539; Librarian, 183, 534; Notes, _ 150, 318, 503, 504, 508; On objects of Late Celtic Char- acter found in Wiltshire, 389 —407 ; writings, 521. He oN: 317, A78. Bale eB: (Sheriff), 186, 189. Francis, 463, 479. John, 254, 462; buys Clyffe Pypard, 477, 479. Marg., 464. Nich., 214. Rich., of Upham, will, 329. Tho., 462, 489; of Bupton, 463, 479, 490; of Standen Hussey, 329, 463, 479. Will., 462, 479. Godmanstone fam., 514. Godwyn fam., 386. Goodden. Gold objects of Bronze Age in Wilt- shire Barrows, 14, 15. Bands on Lignite Bead, Manton, 7, 8 (jig.). Farrings ?, Lake, 586 ; Manton, 8 (jig.). Handle of “Tancet,” 8 (fig.), 16. See also Mere; Mold; Normanton; Stonehenge Barrow; Upton Lovel. Goldisbrough, Rob., 23. Roger, See also Goldney, F. H., Sheriff, 529. H. H., port., 342. Golofer ( ), 237. Goodden [Gooddyn, Goodhyne], ), 82, 84, 85. Rob., 27, 39, 79, 83, 87, 89, 90, 91, 210, 212, 213, 215—218, 221, 222,224—226, 228—230, 232, 233, 235, 237— 241, 243, 244, 246. Gordon (Canon), 152. Lady Ellen, 152. G. W. H., obit., 152. Gore, W., 484. Gorges, Lady, wreck of Spanish Galleon granted to, 310. Sir T., 310. Goring Nunnery, 191. Gorman, Rich., 464. Gornard, see Gurnard. Goslyn, Rowland, 63. Gosselyn, John, bellfounder, 352, 354, 358, 359, 361, 368. Gough, Joan, 91. John, 33, 36, 44, 45, 48, 49, 55, 59, 63, 67, 214. Gould, W., 278. Goulden, James, 293, 307. Gouldeokes Copse, Grovely, 302. Grafton, East, 517. British pottery vessels found, 161. Grafton, West, 518.- Grafton, Rich., 268. Graignamanagh Abbey (Ireland), 544 Granada, Arms of, 456. Grandon, Alice, 461. Grandorch, Roger, 102. Grandyn, John, 494. Grant, Mrs., 133. Grantley, Ld., don., 177. Gray, H. St. G., 428, 606. Excavations at Avebury, 533,599. On Hoard of Roman Coins fonnd at Baynton, 132—145. W., 149. Great Western Rlway, don., 606. Greene, Geo., 88, 213, 216—222. John, 282. Walt, 71. Greenaway, Will., obit., 506. Greenfield, see Grinfield. Greenhill, Hen., port., 595. John, artist, 147, 148; port., 596. Greensands of Wilts and Berks, . fossils of, art. on, noticed, 336. Greenway, Tho., 464. Grene, arms, 455. Will., 460. 624 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Grey Wethers, Preservation Fund, 184, 185, 532: List of Sub- scribers & Plans, 497— 501. The Moss Flora of the, H. N. Dixon on, 587—590. Griffin [Gryffen], Edw., 89. F., 148. Fred., port., 149. John, 226. Grimes Ditch in Grovely, 294, 298, 304. Grimmia apocarpa, decipiens, leu- cophea, pulvinata, tricophylla, 588, 589. Grimstead, West, Charities, 168. Ch. visited, 540. Grinfield [Greenfield], Will., 104, 112, 113. Grittleton, Ostriches in Park, 341. Persons, see White, Hen. Grobham erest, 310. Joan, 315. Marg., 310. Sir Rich., 293, 315; Legend of Wild Boar, 310; Monument, 310, 381, 382; port., 149. Grobham-Howe fam. & crest, 310, 315. Grosseteste, Bp., 291. Grove, Mr., 54; port., 176. Lady [Agnes], writings, 521, 603. Rich., 451. Rob., 283. Grovely Wood, Charities, 168. Customs, see Wishford and Bar- ford. Fallow Deer, 296. “Fee Forster” of, 314. Legend of Maid and Maggot, 285. Lodge, 302. Map, 301, 302. “Penning Tree,” 294. Perambulations of, &c., 301, 315, 316. Rom. Pots, Bronze Coins and Rings, 115, 130, 131, (figs). Roman _ Silver Coins from, G. F. Hill, on, 115—131. Roman Coins, Rey. G. H. Engleheart on, 327. Verderer, 384. See also Appledore ; Gouldeoke ; Pitcopse ; Pouting Stones ; Radnell ; Railes ; Rowden; Sandegate; Shortinge grove ; Snapes copse; Steleford ; Stokefold; Sturton’s Hatt; Swines- borowe; Thornhill copse. Guillebaud, Rev. E. D., obit., 322. Guion, Eudo, 204. Gullofer ( ), 241. Gunt, Dorothy, 49. Tho., 24, 36, 38. Rich., 24. Gurnard [Gornard], Roger, 96, 97. Guyre [Guyres], Joan, 56. John, 49, 264. Randolph, 264, 281. Will., 258, 259, 266. Gwillim, E. Ll., 335. Gybbins [Gybbens], John, 254. Marg., 261. Gye, John, 451. Gyldon [Gildon], Agnes, 264. Alice, 267. Edw., 241, 242, Hugh, 41. Joan, 214, John, 27, 462. (Mother), 76. Rich., 33, 40, 65, 71, 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 85, 264, 267. Roger, 39, 40. Tho., 41, 43, 50, 52—56, 76, 84. Will. (I. and II.), 56, 76, 253, 254, 263. Gylding, Will., 352, 354. Gyles, ( ), 63, 67. John, 78, 472. Tho., 44, 45, 48. Hacker, ( ), 90. Joan, 71. Eoliths, Hackpen Hill, 162. 324. Haddon Copse, Groveley, 302, 304. Haddon, H. de, 487. Hadow, Rev. G. R., don., 177. Hahn of Mecklenburgh, Counts von, arms, 458. Haldane, A. C., 174. Hall, R.M., 535; port., 164, 343. Hallstatt period, 390. Ham Cross Farm, Teffont Ewyas, 504. Haman (——), 90. Hamant, John, 89. Hammersmith (Middx.), Hospital, 241. Late Celtic Fibula, 402. Hamilton, Duchess of, port., 604. Sir Ed. Walt., obit, 291. Walter Kerr, Bp. of Salisbury, 591; port., 148. Hamlyn, R., 238. Hammond ( Naan Os Das 533, 5386; don., 524; writings, 514, 601. Tho., 90. Hamonds, T., 56. Hampstead Marshall, manor of, A474. Hampton, J., 301. Hancock, J., 212. Hannam (——), 82, 212. John, 229, 244, 263, 268. Hannington. Persons, see Freke, Col.; Hussey-Freke, A. D. Hardenhuish. Persons, see Bo- sanquet, Mr.; Anstey, Chr. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 625 Harding, Beatrice, 96, 97, 100. Geo., 238. John, 96. Randolph, 254, 267. T. K,, port., 343. Will., 242, 244, 263, 268, 274, 275. Hares in Wiltshire, 172. Harnham, 85, 212. Harnham, East, Hospital, 219. Persons, see Chubb,Hen. ; Cooke, Maurice. Harnham Hill, illusts., 330. Harnham, West, 296. Harper, Maria, port., 176. Harptree, Hast (Som.), Rom. Coins, 124—126. Harris, Rev. Hen., 398, 404. H. G., port., 523. Tho., bellfounder, 367. Harrison, Mr., 259, 260, 267, 277. Rev. D. P., Bird Notes, 150. Eliz., 85. Rey. Francis, writings, 158, 165. John, 85. Harrold, W., 480. Hart, C. F., Don., 178, 606. Hartgill, A., 262. Hartham, Neale property, 157. Park, illusts., 522. Persons, see Duckett fam.; Goddard, Edmund. Hartham, Sir H. de, 209. Hartigan, Rev. A. S., 170. Harvey, Walt., 227. Haskins, H. C., 535; 147, 326, 513. : Hatcher, Hen., port., 149. Hatherop (Gloue. ) Charterhouse founded, 191. Manor, given to Bradenstoke and Lacock, 192, 193, 195, 197, 202—205, 207. Hatt, Neale property, 157. Hatton’s Lodge, Bradon, Neale property, 157. Haven, Colington, 61. Havoise, Sister of Patrick, E. of Salisbury, 94. Hawker, Tho., 81, 86, 220, 224, 236, 251. Hawley, Col., 533. Haydon Wick School, 606. Hayles Abbey, 561, 504, 572, 574. Haymes (Mother), 2 Tho. 89. Writings, 115; excavations, Hayward, Barnaby, 33, 36, 37, 51, 63, 84. Ben., 445. Edw., 220. Rev. H. R., 165. Humphrey, 220. Joan, VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. d. of Sir Rowland, 173. Sarah, 451. Will. le, 96. P., 406. Hayter, Augustine, 270. John, effigy at Little Langford, 388. Rob., 301, 314. Hazelbury Quarry, method of work- ing, 577, 578. Property of Lacock and Stanley Abbeys, 544, 576. Hazlitt at Winterslow, 539. Heale Ho., 147. Tllusts., 594. Heart held in hands of effigy, 384. Heath, Hdw., 154. Mary L., 154. R. 8., don., 345. Heckleston, 311. Heddington=Atthandane ? 409. Manor, property of Lacock, 195, 199, 206, 207. Heddington, Nich. de, 202, 207, 209. Hedwigia ciliata, 588, 589. Hegar, John, 231. Hek, Rich. del, 204. Helleborus fetidus, 162. Helliker, Tho., execution and tomb, 159. Helstone (Corn.), Faddy Dance, 288. Hempshill Copse in Groyely, 302, 304. Hendy, Edw., 234, 263. Phil., 63, 66, 68—70, 72, 80, 252. Tho., 252. Henstridge, 205, 214. Henton, see Hinton. Heraldry at Wilton Ch., 453. See also Arms. Herbert, fam., art. noticed, 601; ports., 510. ‘George and his Times,” by A. G. Hyde, noticed, 170. Geo. Sidney (Hon.), port., 343. Hen., 165; 2nd Earl of Pemb., arms, 454. Sidney, Ld. Herbert of Lea, Arms and Monument, 453. Will., lst Earl of P., arms and port. in glass, 456; Will., 3rd . Ear! of P., port., 149. Hereford, Marg., d. of Miles, Karl of, 200. Hervey, Hon. A., Ld. Bristol, 329. Heskins, Jonathan, 107. Heton, G., 335. Hewison, Rev. J. E., obit., 507. Hewit, Agnes, 56. Alice, 238. John, 49, 81, 86, 219, 222, 223, 228, 229, 232, 263, 277. Rob., 65, 73, 76, 250. Rog. 28 626 49, 56. Tho., 50, 56, 81, 86, 238, 264, 276—278, 281, 282. Wiall., 68, 211, 250, 258, 261— 268, 266, 269, 270. Hewlett, Maurice, of Broad Chalke, port., 523; writings, 338, 521. Heytesbury. Persons, see Everett, Rev. A. J. Heywood Ho.,, illusts., 341. Hibberd, Chr., 301. Hidon, arms, 454. Higgens, Kath., 256. Higgs, E. A., 103, 110. Highway, 467, 468. nings Hundred, 480. sons, see Calley, R.; Holloway, R Highwood, in Groveley, 314. Highworth, 820. Property owners, 311. Hill, Rev. A. D., Papers by, 536, 598. Rev. E., 293. Rev. Geoffry reads paper, 538, 598. G. F., On Roman Silver Coins from Grovely Wood, 115—131. Rev. J.H., D.D., 335, 534; dons., 345, 606. Rich., 47, 53, 63, 71, 77, 79, 84, 86, 91, 210, 254, 255. Capt. T. S., 344. Hill Deverill Ch.,Communion Rails, 502. Hillman, Rich., 24. 309. Hilmarton, see a/so Corton; Little- cott. Hilperton, Manor of, 484. Per- sons, see Feltham, J. H.; Tany, J. Hincke’s Mill, Mere, 223. Hindon, 215, 276. Persons, See Beale, Rich. ; Fisher, Rich. Hinstridge, Hen., 81. Will., 75, 242. Hinton [Henton], 194, 195, 204— 206. Hinton Charterhouse Priory, 198; founded, 191, 192. Hiscock, John, 252, 263, 267, 273. Rob., 267. Tho., 273. Hitchcock, Dr., 448. Hitherthorne, see Slitherthorne. Hoare, Hen., ports., 343. Hobbe, Isabel, 470. 470. Hobbes, Tho., ports., 343, Hobhouse, C. E., ports., 163, 176. Mrs. C. E., writings, 521. Rob., 308, Rob., 461, INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Hobbs, Mr. and Mrs., port., 604. John, 451. Hobby, occurrence of, 150. Hobett, Edw., 219. Hoker, Joan, 38. John, 36, 38. Holbroke, Tho., 27, 36—39, 42. Holdway, Mary, 110, 111. Holes, W., 476. Holloway (——), 81, 451. John, 223. Ralph, 480. Robert, 56, 86, 223, 243. Tho., 79. Will, 449. Holt, illust., 522. Neale pro- perty, 157. Holt, Robert de, 197, 206—209. Holway (Som.), 227. Rom. Coins, 124, 126. : Holway ( ), 278. Holy Loaf & ‘‘Communion Bread” . Money, 33, 38, 39, 43, 44, 54, 58, 62, 66, 68, 70, 79, 83, 87, 91, 210, 211, 213, 214, 216, 217, 228, 229, 232, 235, 239, 242, 244, 245. Homilies, Book of, 28: Hony, Rev. C. W., don., 177. Hooble, Edw., 219. Hooker, Rich., at Boscombe, 539. Hooper ( ), 489. John, 305. Will., 475. Hopkins, Edw., 36. Hen., 25, 28, 35, 41, 451. Joan, 79. John, 44, 45, 48, 63, 79. (Mother), 223. Rich., 58. Will., 256. Horn, objects of, see Bone, Horne fam. arms. 488. Alice, _ 471—473. Eliz., 476, 479. John, 475, 493, 496. Tho. (I. and IL.), 471—473, 475, 476. Will. (I. and II.), 471, 472, 474, 475, 478, 495. Horton, 468. Persons, see Sloper, E. Horton fam. arms, 456. Tho, Houlton fam., art. on, noticed, 597. ‘* House Bote,” 316. Houses, see Bewley; Boscombe Rectory ; Bowood; Bullich; Coate Farm ; Corsham; Durnford, Lit- tle; Easterton; Garsdon; Heale Ho.; Heywood ; Idmiston Manor; Iford ; Lake ; Lydiard Millicent ; Lydiard Tregoze; Potterne, Porch Ho. ; Purton, Manor and College Farm; Road Hill; Rowdeford; Salisbury, Geo. Inn & Palace ; Shaw ; Sheldon ; Steeple Ashton ; INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 627 Tisbury, Place Farm; Trow- bridge, Rectory ; Upham, Upper ; Woolmer; Wraxall, S. Howard, Ld. Tho., 160. Howe, Geo., 315. J., 315. Sir James, 306. Sir Rich., 293, 306, 307. Sir T., 296. Howsegood, David, 89. Huffylde, Kath., 39. Hugh of Cluny (St.), 93. Hugh of Lincoln (St.), 291. Hughes, Will., 107, 108. Hughett ( ), 86. Huish. Persons, see Reeve, Mr. Hulbert, Geo., 172. Martha, 172. Tho., 173. Hull, Sir H. de, 208. Hullavington Ch. Restored, 518, Humphries, Sid., port, 342. Humphris, Miss, don., 177. Hungerford (Berks),Ch. House, 321. Hungerford fam., 514. Sir Eidm., 495. Sir Rob., 462. Hunsbury (Northants) Camp, late Celtic objects, 391, 397, 402. Hunt, Mr., 311. Chr., 255, 262. Will, 85. Hunton, Rich., 462, 468. Hurdcott, 504. Hurll [Hurle], Joan, 104. Martha, 109. Mary, lace ‘maker’s apprentice, of Marlborough, the conver- sion of, Rev. Chr. Words- worth on, 103—113. Sarah, 104. Simon, 103— 105, 112. Susanna, 104, Hussey, Mr., property, 311. Amb., 320. Rev. Kyre, writings, 340. Will., 171; port., 148. Hussey-Freke, A. D., obit., 320; port., 164. Hutchens, Mr., 84, 268. Giles, 212. John, 66. Hyde, Cath., Duchess of Queens- berry, port., 343. Edw., Earl of Clarendon, 337. Hen., 337. Sir Rob., 465 ; port., 147. Hymbridges, W., 86. Hypnum cupressiforme, 590. Icklingham (Suff.), Rom. coins, 131. Idmiston, Ch. and Manor Ho., visited, 539. Tford Ho., illust., 159. Illen, see Illing. Illing, Hugh, 66, 84, 90, 282. Rob., 242. Wolston, 246, 261—263, 268, 269. Ince, Peter, 172. Incised sepulchral figures, see Ald- bourne ; Langford, Steeple. Inglesham, Persons, see Spooner, G, W. (Vicar). Inquisitions p. mortem from Ch. I. not complete as published, 488. Inscriptions, monumental, sze Salis- bury, Ch. of St. Thomas. Ipsbury Copse, Grovely, 302, 304. Iron, date of introduction into Britain, 390. Object from Oliver’s Camp, 431 (jig.). Spear Heads from Downs, date of, 393; see also Barford St. Martin. Sword, see Knap Hill Camp. Itchingwood Farm, 311. ‘‘Ttalian ” Fibule, see Baydon; Wraxall, N. Ittery, Tho., 238. Ivychurch Priory, visited, 540. Jackson, A. B., 587. Hen., 451. John, 451. T., port., 343. Jacob, Alice, will of, 596. Rev. E., 151 Jakes, see Jaques. James, John, 63, 66. M. R. (Dr.), don., 345 ; on Sculpture of Porch of Malmesbury Abbey, 325. Will., 260. Jaques [Jakes], John, 352, 354. Will., 254, 265. Jeans, M., 503. Jefferies, Richard, Arts. on, by E. Thomas, noticed, 331; ‘The Forbears of,” art., noticed, 512; writings, 338. Jemever, W., 272. Jenner, Capt. L. C. D., port., 604. Jerard, Thos., 27, 28, 31, 34, 35. Jersey, Ch. of St. Lawrence, Bell, 500. Jervaulx Abbey, 562, 567, 572, 574. Jervoise, F. H. T., port., 168. “ Jetsam,” Wiltshire Story, noticed, 329. Johnson, Richard, 31, 264. Jolt, John, 462. Jones, Ellen, 219. Harry, port., 523: Martin, 219. Morgan, 219. Roger, 226. Sir Will., 334. Josselyn, see Gosselyn. 2 628 INDEX TO Joye, Rich., 68. Joyce, Rich., 260. Joyner, Hen., 88, 90. Julian, Chaplain, 207. Kainingham=Cannings, 468. Keel, Geo., centenarian, 519. Kemer, T., 462. Kendall, Rev. H. G. O., dons., 177, 344; on Eoliths, 324; writings, 339, 597. John, 23. (Miss), 508. Phil;, 66, 71. Rich., 82, 39, 49, 86, 248, 281. Will., 27, 42, 43—45, 47, 48, 81, 260, 270. Kendle, G. R., 115, 146, 301. Kendoll, see Kendall. . Kennet, barrow and grape cup, 14. Kennet, East, persons, see Chatto, Jabs Oe Kennet, West, late Celtic fibula and Rom, coins, 399. Kenny, R., 226. Kent, Beatrice of, Abbess of Lacock, 197, 198. Kent, John of, Abbot of Fountains, 575. Kerde, T., 30. : Kerry, Earl of, ports., 176, 523. Kettlewell, Rev. W., 161. Keynton, 311. Keynton [or Reynton? ],T., 111,113. Keyrches (Mother), 42. King, Grace, 263. H., don., 524. James, 50, 55, 68, 73, 81, 233—237, 239, 250, 257, 259. Joan, 218, 228. John, 30, 267; port., 164. John le, 96, 97, 100. Nich., 216, 301. Rich., 314. Rob., 223, 264. Tho., 30, 44—49, 52, 77, 220, 228, 238, 242. Kingcroft, Clyffe Pypard, 462. Kingman, Nich., 314. Walt.,314. Kingsbridge Hundred, 467, 468. Kingsettle, 212. Kingsland Hospital, 226. Kingsman, Edw., 301. 301. Kingston, John, 489, 490. Kingston Deverill. Persons, see Barnard, Tho. Kington St. Michael, 160. Church Ales and Ho., 291. Kirby, (widow), 254. John, 49. Kirkstall Abbey, 552, 559, 561, 572, 574, 575. Kirkstead Abbey, 550. Rob., 260. Walt., VOL. XXXV. Kite, Edw., writings, 166, 173, 596. Knap Hill Camp, iron sword, 536. Knapp, The, Mere, 277. Knight ( ), 71. Hdw., 276. Knightington, see Knighton. Knighton (Berks), Manor of, 464, 465, 489, 490, 491. Knights fee, tenure of, 474. Knoell,Tho., 352, 355, 359, 361, 363. Knook, derivation, 502. Knowle Gravel Pit, 508. Knowles, G., port., 164. Knoyle, 52. Persons, see Dowding, Rob.; Gerett, J.; Hughett ( ); Scammell, Eliz. Knoyle, East, Registers printed, 168. Knubley, Rev. E. P., 189, 534. Knyvett, Cath., 160. Sir Henry, “ The Defence of the Realme by, 1596, now for the first time printed,” 1906, Noticed 160. Tho. Ld. K. of Escrick, 160. “La Tene” period, 390. Lacemaking in Wilts, 103, 104. Lackham Ho., illust., 522. Persons, see Bluet, Sir J.; Palmer, G. Ll. Lacock, Abbesses of, see Kent, Beatrice of; Salisbury, Ela., Countess of. Lacock Abbey, Beads and Cross of foundress, illust., 166. The ** Book of’ identified, 198. Cauldron, illust., 341. ings by J. Carter, 332. Earliest Charters of, Rev. W. G. Clark Maxwell on, 191—209. Founded by Ela, 191, 192. Illusts., 159, 324, 594. Property, 195. Quarry at Hazelbury, 577. Tiles, 579. Advowson, 197, 203, 205. Draw- Church, illust, 522. Tilusts., 167, 333, 604. Manor of, 200, 205. Neale property, 157. Property of Stanley Abbey, 541. Raybridge, date of, 549. Persons, see Deane, Dewby; Ludlow, J.; Wymarea. Lacock, John, Rector of, 201. Lake, Barrows at, Notes by Rev. E. Duke on, 582—586. Bronze objects, 583—486. Gold Dises, 15. House, art. and illusts., 522; collection, sale of, 582. Pottery from Barrows, 584—586. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 629 Lambert, Edmund, 306. Ran- dall, 214, 241,255, 262. Rob,, 24, 26, 29, 30, 32, 33, 36. Tho., 47. Lambourne, James, 449. Lambourne (Berks), 541. Lancaster (——), 451. Hen., 451. **Lanchards,” ‘‘ Landshares,” de- fined, 296. Lander [Launder], Eliz., 273. Hugh, 258. John, 236, 247, 264, 266, 271, 277, 278, 281. Peter, 229, 273. Landford, Charities, 168. Lane, John, 89. Langford, property, 311. Langford, Hanging, 303. Langford, Little, 303. Church, C. E. Ponting on,387—388 ; Effigy, 388; Font, 388; Norman tympanum; 387 (jig.); Sepulchral slab, 388. Langford, Steeple, Church, C. E. Ponting on, 383— 386; Effigies, 386; Font, 386; Incised slab, 383, 384 (jig.). Rectory, value of, 286. Persons, see Collier, Joseph (Rector); Collier, Mrs.; Giles, Nathan (Minister). Langford, Alan de, 384. John de, 208. Mary, d. of Edw., 337. Langley ( ), 271. Will., 274. Langley Burrell, descent of pro- perty, 159, 160. “* Notes on Hist. of,” by A. B. Mynors, no- ticed, 159. See also Peckin- gell. Persons, see Mynors, A. B. (Rector). Langport Westover (Som.), 220. Lanham, J., 449. Lansdown & Sons, don., 606. Lansdowne, Marchioness of, ports., 176, 342, 343. Marquis of, 547; ports., 176, 342, 343. Ist, 2nd, and 3rd Marquis, 328. Lanveley, Ralph and Maude de, 483. Lanyng, Maude, 24. Michael, 24, 44, 46, 47, 56, 71, 245, 265. Late Celtic Bronze Shield, Batter- sea, 391. Bone Comb, Oldbury, 177. Bucket, Lyd- dington, 392; Marlborough, of Gaulish origin, 392. Dwell- ing Pits, Beckhampton, 392. Earthenware Stamp, Gt.Bedwyn, 406. Fibule of ‘La Tene I” type, List of examples found in Wilts and else- where, 398—402. Loom Weights, 393. Objects found in Wiltshire, Rev. E. H. Goddard on, 389—407 (figs.) Pendant, Wilsford, 406 (fig.). Period, date of 390. Pin, 407. Pot, Latton, 392. Pottery found in Wiltshire, 392, 393; Oliver’s Camp, 418, 419, 426—428, 484, 439; Sling Stones, 393. Latton, Late Celtic Pot, 392. (Hssex), 485. Latton, John, see Letton. Laverstock, illust., 522. Lavington, Bishops or West, 468. Hailstorm, 1862, 330. Late Celtic fibule, 399, 400, 402. Persons,see Allsopp, R.W.(Vicar) ; Wilton, E. (Rev.). Lavington Dauntesey, 450. Lavington, Market, advowson, 448. Beech Trees, 1695, 295. Burial Incident and Par- ochial Agreement of 18th cent., E. O. P. Bouverie on, 445-452. Tllust., 166. Manor, descent of, 452. Manor Ho., Sale, 336, 445. Owners and Occupiers, 1742, List of, 451. Snowstorm, 5038. See also Lavington Daun- tesey, and L. Rector. Per- sons, see Dobson, J. (Vicar); Chandler, T.; Hitchcock, Dr. ; Lanham, J.; Saunders, A. KE. & Will.; Smith, Francis; Sturton, J. A. (Vicar) ; Williams ( ); (Curate). Lavington Rector, 450. Law, J., 451. Law Day Silver, 315, 468. Lawful Moors, Clyffe Pypard, 466. Lawrence, Eliz., 238. Rich., 226. Tho., 76, 81, 220, 224, 252, 264. “Sir Thomas,” by R. 8. Coulston, noticed, 335, 336 ; “Sir Thomas, Letter Bag,” noticed,168. W. F., port., 163. Lead, open tracery panels, Stanley Abbey, 579, 580 (fig). Used to bed Columns, Stanley Abbey, 578. 630 INDEX TO Leaf, H., port., 163. ‘Lear, Archdeacon, 534. Ledbury (Heref.), Ch. Effigy, 384. Lefston, W., 97. Leigh fam., 386. 192, 197, 202. Leighton, illusts., 603. Len, W. de, 202. Leonard, Mr., 408. Hospitals, see Southbroom. Lepidium draba, 149. Lepidoptera, collection of, at Museum, 531. Letton [or Latton], John and Eliz. or Isabel 492—496. Levern, Hugh de, 551. Leveston, W., 100. Lewes Priory, 569. of, 554. Lewis [ Lewes], Rich., 307. 55, 81, 265, 266, 270, 277. Will., 112. Leyborne-Popham, F. W., ,obit., 321. Isabel, 321. Lias Rock used for Purbeck marble, 578. Library of the Society, Appendix to Catalogue, 183. Liege, Ascension Day observances, 290. Light, Mr., 332. Lights, Paschal and Font tapers, 26, 28, 29. See also Salisbury Cath. Light’s Farm, Yatton Keynell, Neale property, 157. Lillington (Warw.), Bell, 367. Limpley Stoke, illust., 594. ‘* Litten,” the, 60, 61. Little, Mary, writings, 603. Littlecote, illusts., 594. see Leyborne-Popham. Littlecott, property, 311. (In Hilmarton), Neale property, 157. Littleton, nr. burnt, 159. Littleton Drew, Pre-Norman Sculp- tured Stones, 329. Littleton Panell, 447. Llewellyn, Hoél, port., 523. Lloyd, Rev. J. A., dons., 23, 183, 345, 524, Loeal Sec., 532. Lockeridge, 589. Dene, Grey Wethers, 184, 185,587; purchased for Nat. Trust, 497, 532. Constance de, Will. de, 202. Leper Destruction Tho., Francis, 321. Maude Owners, Trowbridge, mill VOL. XXXV. Lockswell, given to Quarr Abbey, 541, 544. Lockyer, Sir N.,, avenues, 515. on Avebury London, Michael, 301. Roger de, 207. Long, Frank, 451. Geo., 85; writings, 175. Hen., 475, 495. John, 68, 81; Capt. John, 132. Ralph, 204. Rob., 472. Walt., (M.P. for Bath), 520. Walt. H. (M.P.), ports., 163, 176; writings, 175. Will., 520.: Longbridge Deverill, Persons, see Vvyning, J. Longenowe, N., 276. Longespee, Ela, Countess of Salis- bury,Abbess of Lacock, 196; Date of Birth, 199; Founds Charter- house Hinton & Lacock, 191, 192. Nich., 194, 205. Sir Rich., 206, 207, 209. Sir Stephen, 207, 208. William, KE. of Salisbury, 202—204, 208, 209; Gifts to Bradenstoke, 193; Death on Crusade, 196, 197; Pro. perty, 194. Will. IT., 95, 200, 205. Will. III., 200, 204, 205 ; Death, 197. Longford Castle, 536. Tllusts., 163, 330, 522. Paper on, read, 598. Steel chair, 537. Visited, 537. Longleat, art. on, noticed, 519. Illusts., 159, 163, 824, 594. MSS. of Prior at, art. on, noticed, S83 Longstreet Tithing, 311. Longyer, John, 44—49, 52, 71, 77, 84, 90, 234, 238. Will., 220, 237, 250, 251, 253, 255, 257, 259, 265. ; Loom Weights, see Late Celtic. Lopes, G. L., port., 163. Ie Y. B., 505. Sir L. Massey, 8rd Bart., obit., 505. Ld. Justice, Ld. Ludlow of Heywood, 505. Sir Ralph, 2nd Bart., 505. Ralph L., 505. Louth Park Abbey, 575. Lovell, John, 482. Rob., 85. Lovibond, Mr., 531, 583. Lowe, A. T., 504. Lowes, F., 226. Lucas ( ), 246. Cath., 265, 270. James, 23, 263, 277. INDEX: TO VOL. XXXV. John, 68. 73, 241, 259, 262. 37, 89, 42, 44. Luce, Col. C. R., port., 163. Luckett, Jefferies, writings, 512, Luckington, Charities, 168. Ludlow, John, will of, 602. Tho., 27, 30, Will., 36, (Lord) see Lopes. Tho. of Dinton, 466. Ludlow-Bruges, R. H., obit., 321. W. 4H., 821. ‘* Lug” in forest measure, 298, Luke, Thos., 25, 39, 42, 44, 45, 48. Lukes, John, 49, 227. Lushington, Sir Godfrey, obit., 153. Stephen, 153. Lyddington Camp, objects, 392. Late Celtic Lyddington (Rutland) ,Communion rails, 502. Lydiard Millicent, Church, C. E. Ponting on, 373—376 ; Font, 374, 376; Illust.. 165; Saxon Shaft, 373 (figd.); visited, 189. Manor Ho. Ghost Story, 164; illust., 165. Persons, see Askew, Mary; Blunt, Mrs.; Cleobury, E. (Rector) ; Hayward, H. R. (Rector) ; McKnight, Rev. W. 4H. E.; Warneford, Dr. (Rector). Lydiard Tregoze, Bittern shot, 508. Ch. and Ho., visited, 188. See also Midgehall. Lydlian, Christian, 231. ** Lye Plain,” 303. Lye, Roger, 451. Lyke, Tho., 42. Lymarsh, Mere, 223. Lympershill, Mere, 223. Lympshill, 256. Lyneham, Ch. restored and School built, 152. Persons, see Duncan, J. (Vicar). Lynford, 231. Lynley, T., 231. - Lypyatt [Lippeatt], Chr., 112, 113. Mabelthorpe, Arms, 455. Mackay, Mrs., 158. M’e Knight, James, 164. “Rev. W. H. £E., Recollections and Letters of ” noticed, 164, 165. Macleane, Rev. Douglas, 349 ; writ- ings, 175. : M’e Millan, Canon, port., 342. Macquoid, P. T., port., 164. Maddington, property owners, 311. ) 631 Madron, Dipping Day, 289. Magrath, Col. J. R., port., 164. Maiden Bradley, 321. Priory, Leper Hospital, 172, 316. Maiden Winterbourne (Shrewton), 194. Advowson, 294. Makarel, T., 206—208. Malden, A. R., on Inscription on buttress of Salisbury Cath., 347—350. Port., 163. Malesmains, Gilbert, 199. Malling, South, 291. Malmains {Malmeis], Sir N., 206— 208. Malmesbury, 311, 329. Abbey, bought by W. Stumpe, 160; Built by Abbot Peter, 325 ; Cibor- ium from, 504; Drawings of, by J. Carter, 332; Illusts., 325, 332, 594; 8S. Porch, Sculpture, Arts. by Bp. of Bristol and Dr. James, noticed, 325, 326. Holy Well of St. Aldhelm. illust., 594. Illusts., 163, 167, 324, 333, 341, 522. Westport, 164; Church, illust., 165. Witcheraft, 1685, 519. Persons, see Forrester, A. L. (Mayor); Jones, Harry ; MeMillan,Canon( Vicar); Tucker, G. W. (Vicar) ; White, Mrs. Malmesbury, Ld., property, 311. Mann, W. H., port., 163. Manneell, Ann, 27. Manne, J., 27. Manningford Bohune, manor of, 199. Manningford Bruce. Harper, Maria. Manton, Barrow opened, 184 ; arts. on, noticed, 171; M. E. Cun- nington on, 1—20 (jigs. ). Bronze Awls, 8. 9 (fig.); Cin. Urn, 10, 11, 13 (fig.) ; Knife Dag- gers, 7, 9 (fig).; ‘‘ Lancet,” 8 (fig.); Cloth, 10, 11 (fig.), 13;: Grape Cup and Incense Cup, 9, 10 (fig.); Pottery Stud, 7 (fig). Persons, see Keel, G. Maps, ancient, showing animals, &e., 302—304. Mara, Sir H. de, 207. Marcigny Priory and its connection with Wiltshire, A. S. Maskelyne on. 93— 102. Marden, Registers, 595. Persons, see 632 _ INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Marden River, 541. Margaret of Scotland, 200. Markfield, 226. Marlborough, 323, 483. Arts. on, noticed, 171, 520. College Nat. Hist. Soc., Reports for 1905, 1906, and 1907, noticed, 161, 162, 597. Illusts., 163, 166, 167, 594. Jacky John’s Fair, 288. Late Celtic fibula, 403. London Hill, 597. Market House Seales, 105. Marl- borough Bucket, 391. Non- conformists, 1676, 107. Port- field, 103. Rainfall, 162. Rom. Sculpture found, 597. Persons, see Bartlett, Humphrey ; Buckland, W.,; Crooke, Will. ; Elliott, James; Gilmore, S&S. (Mayor); Glide, R.; Grinfield, W. (Mayor); Heskins, Jonathan (Vicar); Hughes, W. (Vicar) ; Hurll fam. ; Jackson, T. (Mayor) ; Keynton, T.; Lewis, W.; Lyp- yatt, Chr. (Mayor) ; Martyn, W.; Maurice, Dr.; Miles, J.; Myles, T. (Vicar) ; Sacheverell, J. (Rector); Somerset, John, Duke of; Towers, J. Marmion fam., 454. Marne, Department of, Gaulish Cemeteries, 395. Marshall, Rich., KE. of Pemb., 192, 202. Will., E. of Pemb., 200. Marten, 518. Martigny Priory, property wrongly assigned to, 93, 94. Martigny-le-Compte, 102. Martin Ch. visited, 536. Martin, 352, 355. James, 235, 245, 257. Marg., 258. Rey. 8., port., 341. See also Martyn. Martinsell, 597. Rom.-Brit. midden near, excavated, 533. Martyn, John, 35. Walt., 104, 106, 112. Marvyn, Edm., 477. Maskelyne, A. 8., On Priory of Marcigny and its connexion with Wilts, 93—102; On the Society’s MSS., Clyffe Pypard, Bupton, 460—496 ; Writings, 597. Miss I. 8. compiles Index, 183. Nos:, 17, 181, 185, 532; don., 524; “Glossary of Terms relating to the making of Butter” noticed, _ 512; ports., 342. Massie, John, M.P., ports., 163, 176. Massinger, Arthur, 596. Philip, baptism of, 596. Mathews, Roger, 451. Matyn, Edith, w. of Rob., Brass, 502. Maud, nat. d. of Hen. I., 94. Maul[{ Moul], Sir John de, 206—208. Maulbronn Abbey, 559. Maundy Thursday customs, 291, 292. Maurice, J. B. (Dr.), 1, 3. Don., 184. May Day observances, 289. Maydeman, Rob., 274. Will., 273, 274. Mayne, J. (Canon), port., 163. Mazes, see Ashton, W. Meade, Hen. and Tim., 273. Meaden, Mrs., 522. Meadows, Evelyn, 329. Meatyard, Rich., 264, 272. Meaux Abbey, 551, 575. Medlicott, H. E., dons, 178, 346, 524. Meehan, J. F., writings, 601, 606. Melampyrum cristatum, 162. Melbury, (Som.), Late Celtic fibula, 397, 401. Melilotus parviflora, 162. Melksham, Canonhold Manor, 157. Illusts., 163, 324. Town Stocks deposited in Dev. Museum, 524. See also Woolmer. Persons, see Erle, R.; Webb fam. Mellepeis [Muleples], John de, 467. Mellifont, Abbey (Ireland), 569. Melrose Abbey, 559. Menes, James de, 202. Mere, Almshouse built, 24. Barrow, gold objects, 14, 15. Bedesgaston, 41. Bore St., 44, 45, 48. Church, Bells cast, 276; Church plate, 248— 251; Repairs, 23, 24, 25, 28; Rood and Rood Loft, defaced. 28, 31, 34. Church House, 48 ; Built, 39, 46. Church- wardens, 58—78. Churchwardens’ Accounts, transcribed by T. H. Baker, 23—92, 210—282. Cross in Ch. yd., made, 25. Crosshouse, 35, 77. Deane’s Orchard, 52. Guildhall, 33. Place names, see Bush Hayes; INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 633 Chadenwich ; Knapp, ‘The; Whitemarsh. “Notes on Hist. of,” by T. H. Baker, noticed, 517. _ Salisbury St., 41, 44, 45. Shalbury St., 48. Shamble St., 41. Workhouse, 335. Persons, see Lloyd, J. A. (Vicar) ; Mere Churchwardens’ accts. Merevale Abbey, 550. Merewether (——),451. Fr.,451. Merriman, R. W., don., 524. Methuen, Messrs., don., 178. Paul (Hon.), port., 342. Mexico, Dances in Church, 289. Meyrick, Edw., 162 ; writings, 597. Midgehall, art. on, noticed, 337. Miles, Clarissa, writings, 341. John, 104. Militia, minutes of Balloting, Swin- don, 606. Millard, Will., 231. Mills, Mr., 68 John, 301. Milman, Misses, don., 606, Milston, Registers printed, 168. Milton, Rob., 358, 361. Minety Ch., Oak Tree Coffin, 177. Mitchell, Mr., 62, 63. Moffet, Tho. & Kath., wills, 596. Moggeridge, R., 89. Mohun, Geoffrey & Marg. de, 487. ae (Flint.), Gold Corslet found, yas, Ld., 462. Mollett =), 224. Mollusca of Wilts, paper read, 588, 598. Mompesson fam., tomb, 386. Mr., of Tidworth, 166. Momford, Hen., 79. rey, 71. Monastic Houses, see Amesbury ; Bradenstoke ; Lacock ; Marcigny; Monkton Farleigh. Monck [Monks], Hen., 75, 76, 223. (Mother,) 211. Rich., 43. Roger, 27, 66, 68, 71. Monkton, Rob. de, 482. Monkton Farleigh Priory, property, 98, 97. Will., Prior of, 100. Persons, see Webb fam. Montacutes, Earls of Salisbury, arms, 514, Montagu, Col. Geo., 606. Montfort, Alex., de, 207, 209. Hantz, Graf zu, arms, 457. _ Rudolph, Count of, 458. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. Humpbh- Moody, W., 307. Moone, Tho., 240, 2438, 254, 274, 275. Moore, John, 281. Tho., 268. Thomas (poet), his place in Literature, 170 ; Memorial Cross at Bromham, 170. Morden, East (Dors.), Bell, 367. Morden, R. de, 493. More, Joan, 219. John, 86. Roger, 231. Tho., 219, 231, 281. Morel, H,, port., 523. Mores, R., 223. Morgan fam., arms, 456. Walt., 227, 231. Will., 151, 464. W. F., 182; obit., 151. Morren, James, 257, 264, 265, 273. Joan, 273. Morres, Rev. A. P., 317, 318. Morrison, JiergAe (Capt. ), don., 177; port., 176. Simon and Mary, ports., 343. Morse, L. L. (M.P.), ports., 163, 176. Mosses of Savernake Forest, 587. See also Grey Wethers. Mother Anthony’s Well nr. Round- way, Roman remains, 441. Mottram, Adam, Epitaph, 348. Moulton, J. C., port., 343. Mounkes, W., 42. Muleples, see Mellepeis. Mulfourd, H., 65. Mullett (——), 230, 232, 233. Munck (——), 252. Munday (——), 90. Mundy, Edm., 301. Murray, Alice L., 151. Rev. G. EK. & Mrs., 151. John, don., 177. Museum, see Devizes. Myles, Tho., 107. Mynors, Rev. A. B., don., 178; port., 604; writings, 159. Nash Hill, Roman Kilns, and Kilns for Encaustic Tiles, 579. Navenby (Lines.), 95, 100, 102. Neale, Grace E., 156. Edith, 156. Sir Harry Burrard, 156. John (Friar), 156. Rob. (I. & II.), 156. Will., 156. “Neales of Berkeley, Yate, and Corsham, Charters and Records,” 1906, noticed, 156, 157, 518. Nelson, Earl, port., 163; writings, 339. 2U 634 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Neston Park, illusts., 604. Netheravon, property, 311. Roman Villa and pavement, '533. Netherhampton, Charities, 167. ‘Silver spoons found, 146. Persons, see Bryant, F.; Frampton, C. Netley Abbey, 558, 562, 567, 568. Nettleton, Court Rolls, ‘284. Property, 811. Persons, see Steele, W. F. (Vicar). Nevill, Rev. E. R., writings, 596. Hugh de, 200. New House, 147. Newman, John, ‘264, 265. Louisa, d. of Sir R. W., 505. Tho., 56, 58. Newnes, G., don., 345. Newnton, Long, Garland Custom, 166. Registers printed, 168. Newton, Manor held by Bohun, 199. Newton, ‘South, 805. See also Chilhampton ; Stowford. Newton Toney, Registers printed, 168. Nicholas fam., art. on, noticed, 882. John, 462. Rob., 596. Nigellus fil. Arthuri, 156. Nogent-le-Rotrou Priory, property, 95. Nolan, D., 307. Nonsuch, see Norris fam. Normanton Barrows, Grape Oup and Gold ‘Objects, 14, 15. Norreys, T., 495. Norris fam., of Nonsuch, 157. North Lease, 478. “North Wilts Field and Camera ‘Club, Transactions,1908,’ noticed, 602. Northampton, ‘Will., Marquis of, 455. Norton, 275. Registers printed, 5138. Norton Baworth, 263. Nott, R., 89. Notton, 155. Neale property, 157. Noyes, Dora, 603. 606.; writings, 603. Nunton, Charities, 168. Oarswell, Hugh and Idonea de, 485. Oates, John, 854, Oatkat, see Catkut. Odehill, see Woodhill. Odstock, Bell, 866. 168. Ella, don., Charities, ‘Ogbourne St. Andrew. ‘Ogbourne Manor, ‘Custom Bk. of 13th century, 284. see Pedder, D.C. Persons, Persons, see Canning, R. \O’Kyffe, Cahill, 226. Oland, Dan., Charity at Wishford, 298. Old Sarum, see Sarum. Oldbury Camp, 408. Pit dwell- ings, Late ‘Celtic Pottery, Bone Comb, &ce., 177, 892, 393. Oldisworth, Amold, 464, Oliver’s Camp, M. E. Cun- nington on, 408—444 ( jigs.). Barrows, 411; opened, 441—444. Bone button, 443. Derivation, 410. Entrance, gatepost holes, 419— 421. Excavation, 844, 5838. Pottery, Bronze Age, 422, 430, 432, 434, 442; Cin. Urns, 443, 444; Incense cup, 448 ; Late Celtic, 892, 418, 419, 422, 426— 428, 439; Roman, 417, 418, 422, 426, 427, 480,433—436, 438, 440. Olliffe, John, 71. Will., 238, 269. Onslow, Sir W. W. R., port., 168. Oppershull, see Uppewell. Orchard ( ), 238. John, 71,'79. Orcheston St. George, persons, see Prothero, J. E. (Rector). Orchis aranifera, nr. Wilton, 508. O. hireina, in Wilts, 818, 508. Orthotrichum diaphanum, 589. O. Lyell, 590. 0. rupestre, 588, 589. Ottingham, John of, ‘576. Overton, persons, see Coulton, ‘R. Overyd, Joan, 86. Oweyn, John, 209. Ox bones in Barrow, 18. Packham, J., 358, 360. Padstow, hobby horse, ‘289. Page Roberts, Dean, port., 598. Paintings, mural, see Stapleford Ch. ; Winterslow Ch. Paleolithic Microliths, art. noticed, 597. Palmer, Edw., 213, 223, 265, 262. G. LI., 506, 523. John (I. and I1.), 48, 852, 355, 3858, 861. Madeleine, port., 523. Michael, 'G., Obit., 506. (Mother), 228. Nich., V—— - Parker, Edw., 307. INDEX: TO. VOL. XXXV. 635) 282. Sir Walter and Lady, ports.,, 176, 343. Panter (—), 91, 240. 259.. Tho. ,. 249, 251,253. Will., 81, 241, 249, 251,.253. Geo., 63. J., 306. John, 301,314; John le, 208;,209. Parkis (——), 89. Parre fam. arms,,454. Annj.di of Sir Tho., port., 455. Parry, J. H., Writings, 595. Parsons, C..H., port.,,164. Tho.;, 79. Will.,,71. Parys, John, 482, 494. Will.,, 469. Passmore, A. D., 187,.392; Dons., 177,.345 ;, Local Sec.,,189 ;, Reads papers, 186, 188; 602. Patney, Registers printed, 595. Persons, see Harper, Maria. Patricii, William, H.. of Salisbury, 193. Paty, Will., 89. Paumer, Tho. le, 487. Paveley, Joan de,, 487,,488. Reginald, 549. Walter de (I. & II.), 202, 207, 487, 488. Pawdey [Pawdie], John, 256. Will., 267, 281. Payne,. Will., 249, 251, 253. Paynell, Fulk,.199. Paynter (Mother), 36: Pearce, Geo. & Mrs., ports., 342. James (Dr.),, writings, 601. Sir. W..G.,,2nd. Bart, obit., 321. Peareman, Will., 281. Peecham, John, 351, 354. Rich., 352, 354.. Peckingell, Langley Burrell, history of; 160. Peculiars of Dean. and Chapter of Sarum, Marriages from Visitation Books of, 596;-597. Pedder,Col. D. C., writings, 338, 603. Peeres, Nich., 89. Pembroke, Countess of, ports., 523, 601. Mary Sidney, port., 593. Pembroke, Earl: of,,510,. 606; art. on, noticed, 601; ports., 163, 523, 601, 604: Geo.. Augustus, 11th Earl, 453. Hen.,.2nd Earl, work on House; 593. _ Hen., 9th Earl, work at Wilton, 594, Hen., 10th Earl, Monu- ment‘and Arms, 453, Philip, Dorothy;,, commutes Grovely rights, 296, Philip, 2nd. Earl,,295. Philip, 4th Earl, work at Wilton, 593. Philip, 7th Earl, 306. Thomas,, 295,, 296.. Thomas, 8th-Earl, 306: Will., Ist Earl,,port.,, 593. Will., 3rd Earl, port., 595. Penny [Pene], Alice,,87. John,, 89. (Mother),,88. Penrice, Tho., 307. Penrose, F. G.,,note, 150: Penruddocke,. Col., 324. Ch., 534, 538; don., 606. Penryn, Stocks: from, 344. ‘‘ Pentecost money,;’ 269. Pepler, C., 317. Pepwell, A., 34. Perche, Rotrou II., Countiof,.94, 95.: Perche, J., 360, 362. Tho., 353,355. Peregrine: Falcon, 150.. Perkins, Rev. J. P., port,,,176. Perman, Alice, 56. John,.71,: 86, 214, 288. Ralph, 43: Rob., 25, 49, 61, 63, 71,.81, 220, 224. Perry, John, 314. Tho., 253. Persons, John;,231. Pertwood'Ch., font from, 504.: Pertwood, Upper, 466. Pewsey, downs, 162. Recusants,, 107. Pewsey Vale White Horse, illust., 334. Phalarope, Grey, 162. _ Red- necked, erroneously said:to have: occurred in Wilts, 162: Phasewm euspidatum, 590.. Phelps, Mr., 311. : Philip II. of Spain, arms,,455, 456.. Philipps, Rev. Sir J. E., port.,, 176.. Phillips; J., 33. Phipps, C. N. P., ports:, 163,.343.. Pickwick, Persons, see Skuse, T.. Picot, P., 202. Pig, bones-of in Barrow, 18. Piggle Dene,, Grey Wethers, 184; illusts., 598. ‘Land bought by Nat. Trust.,,.497, 582: Pike, Marg.,.66,,71,,.7% Pile [Pyle], fam.. of Bupton,. pedi- gree, 471. Anne,.464, 465. Anne (Lady), 490,,491.. Eliz., 464, 471, 476, 477; 479, 493. — Biz. (Lady), 491. Sir Francis, 464; 465, 488, 489i. 2U0 2 Popish 636 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Francis (I. & IT.), 491, 492. Jane, 464—466. Jane (Lady), 464. Gabriel, 462, 463, 469, 471. Sir Gabriel, 466, 467, 476, 479, 480, 488, 491; arms, 488. Rich., 479. Tho., 466, 470, 479, 489—491. Will., 489—491. Pilles, Will., 219. Pinchen, Peter, 578. Pinkbrig, Edm., 358, 361. Pinckney, Frances C., 591. Rob., 591. Will., port., 163 ; obit., 591. Pinn, Mr., property, 311. Pipard, John, 194. Pipardys, Alice, 358, 360. Pipsmore Farm, 342. ‘Pitcopse, Grovely, 302. Pitt, Mr., property, 311. Pitt Rivers, Gen., 400, 403; ‘ Evo- lution of Culture,” by, 1906, no- ticed, 340. Pitton Charities, 168. Pit Dwellings, see Beckhampton; Oldbury. Place Names, see Grovely, 302, 304; Field Names. Plate, Church, see Mere; Salisb. Cath. Corporation, see Salis- bury. Spoons, see Nether- hampton. Plesiosaurus, Pebbles found in sto- mach of, 114. Pleydell, Agnes, Tho:, & Will., wills of, 165. Plume, J., port., 163. Plumer, A., 53. Polden Hills (Som.), Late Celtic ob- -jects, 391. Pollord, W., 219. Poltenstone, see Pontingstones. Polytrichum juniperinum, 589. Pond Farm Camp, illusts., 603, 604. Ponthieu, Ela of, 200. Ponting, C. E., 188, 530; Notes, 537, 539 ; on Churches of Rod- bourne Cheney, Lydiard Millicent, Stapleford, Wylye, Wishford, Steeple Langford, and Little Lang- ford, 370—388; Work by, 338, 518. Pontingstones Copse [Poltenstone ; Powtingstones], Grovely, 302, 304, Poore, Mr., property at Enford, 811. Richard, Bp. of Salisbury,290. Pope, Christina, 358, 360. Joan, 358, 360. John, 359, 360, 362. Popes, Joan, 358, 361. Popham, Mr., 54. Popley, Joan, port., 149. Pore, Ellen, 219. Portfield, Marlborough, 103. Portinari, Gio., 554. Porton, 539. Portman, Sir H., 252. Portraits, see Wiltshire Portraits. Pot Crane, Iron, 524. Potter, Mr., 90. Rich., 278. Potterne, 468. Font, illust., 841. Porch Ho., illust., 333. Pottery, Bronze Age, see Grafton, East; Oliver's Camp. Impressed pattern filled with white, 10. Cin. urns, see Lake; Manton; Oliver’s Camp Barrows. Drinking cups, see Brigmerston; Lake. Grape Cups, number of known, 14. See Amesbury; Avebury; Kennet; Manton; Normanton; Priddy (Som.); Upton Lovel. Incense cups, see Aldbourne; Lake; Manton; Oliver’s Camp. Stud? , Manton, 7 (jig.). Medieval, Avebury, 599; London, 177; Stanley Abbey, 579. Rings, 393. Slingstones, see Late Celtic. See alsoLate Celtic; Roman. Pottinger, R., 491. Poulshot, John de, 487. Poulton, botany, 161. Pound ( ), 268. Powell (——), 47. James, 337. J. A. T., port., 164. 4) U., 284, 349. Roger, 308, 809. Tho., 226. Will., 89. Poynder, Lady Dickson and daughter, ports., 176, 604. Sir John Dickson, ports., 163, 176; Writings, 338. Poynton, Dr., 19. Pre-Norman Sculptured Stones, see Bradford - on - Avon; Colerne; Littleton Drew. Preshute, Nonconformists, 1676, 107. Registers printed, 335. See also Manton. Persons, INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 637 see Myles, Tho. (Vicar) ; Taylor, Alec. Preston, Agnes and Tho., 219. Will., 358, 361. Priddy (Som.), Barrow and Grape Cup, 14. Pride, Hen., 242, 253, 255, 262. Prior, Rev. R. C., 188. Rich., 470. Tho., 494. Proctor’s Farm, 311. Prothero, Rev. J. E., obit., 322. Pruet, Nich., 494. Pterogonium gracile, 589, 590. Purchas, Rob. and Jane, 451. Purl, W. de, 202. Purton Ch. visited, 189. College Farm, visited, Oak Mantelpieces, 189. Manor Ho., visited, 189. Purvis, Mrs., 148. _ Pwllheli, 227. _ Pyke, Margery, 60, 68. Pynnell ( ), 69, 212, 221, 225. Pyppyn [Pyppyns], R., 220, 231. Pyrola minor, 162. Pytman, Tho., 278. Quail, nesting, 318. Quaker Births & Burials, 165, 166, - 597. Burial Ground at De- vizes, 595. Quarr Abbey (I. of W.),541,560,575. Quern, Clyffe Pypard, 605. Quintyn, Alice, 462—464, 469. Hen., 462—464, 469, 491; sells Lower Bupton, 480, 489, 490. John, 462, 496. Jordan & -Goda, 485. Marg., 461. Michael, 480. Tho. (I&IL.), 461, 470, 494, 495. W., 316. Walter (I. & II.), 462. Will.(I., II., II1.), 460, 467—469. “Radnell” [Radneth, Radnett’s Copses], Grovely, 302, 304. Radway, J., 227. Radnor, Ld. & Lady, hospitality, 587, 538. Radnor, 2nd Earl of, port., 148. Will., Ist Earl, 452. Railes, The, Grovely, 303. Rainscombe, Rom.-Brit. Midden, 8. H. Cunnington reads on, 5385, 598. Raleigh, Ralph de, 201. Sir Walter, port. wrongly attributed to, 149. Rambridge, J. 8., 146. Ramsbury, 344. « ticed, 334, 602, Arts. on, no- Tllusts., 167, 384. Manor Ho., date of, 834, Manor, Map, 303. Property, 489—491. See also Axford. Persons, see Batson, A. W. Randolph, J. R., port., 176. Raven-Hill, L., writings, 339. Rawlence, E. A., Notes, 317, 508. Rawlings, Rich., 238, 267. Rawlyns, Rich., 71. Ray River, 150. Read, C. H., 534. (Widow), 265. Reading, Abbey, property, 194. Late Celtic fibula, 397, 401. Redlynch, see New House. Redpole, Lesser, nesting, 162. Redshank, nesting, 150. Reed, John, 71, 159. Tho.,. port., 164. Rees, J. R., writings, 161, 511. Reeve, Mr., Romance and Suicide, 162. Reloq, Hen., 86. Rendoll, Rich., 241. Rew, Alex., 40, 41. Reynolds, Agnes, 358, 361. Blanche, 227. Ch., 219, 227, Rob., 438. Za. F., 318. Hugh, 226. Tho., 227. Will, 358, 361. Reynton (?), T. 111, 113. Registers printed, see Allington; Baverstock; Boscombe; Cann- ings, All; Cannings, Bishops; Colerne; Crudwell; Erchfont; Etchilhampton; Knoyle, East; Marden; Milston; Newton To- ney; Newnton, Long; Norton; Patney; Rollestone; Salisbury, St. Thomas ; Somerford, Gt. and Little ; Southbroom ; Stert; Stock- ton ; Winterslow. ‘“‘ Wiltshire Parish, Marri- ages Vol. VI.,” noticed, 595. Rhacomitrium heterostichum, 589. Ricewin, R., 204. Rich., Sir C. H. 8., port., 163. J. (Canon), 163. Rich., 160. Richard, Chaplain, 202. Richards, Rev. W. B., port., 3438. Richardson, H., Don., 177. Richman, J., port., 343. Ridgeway, Sarsens, 587. Ridley, J., port., 164. Rievaulx Abbey (Yorks), 550, 553, 559—561, 578. Road Hill Ho., art. and illust., 598. 638) INDEX: TO) VOL.. XXXV. Roads;, Legacies:to. mend, 852,354, 359, 361. Robbins, A. T., port., 343, Roberts, Rev..Gilbert, port.,342.. W. Page, Dean of Salisbury, port., 343; Writings, 338. Robeson, Hemming, Archdeacon; ports., 176,342. Robins, W.,.213. See also Robyns; Robinson, J., 231. Robyns ( , 238. 241, 244. John, 27, 42. Tho., 66, 71,,76. Roche Abbey, 552, 553. Roches, John de, 481, 482. Rockbourne (Hants),Ch. & Domes:. tic buildings, visited, 536: Rockingham (Northants), 231. Rodbourne Cheney, 478, 479. Church, C. E. Ponting on;, 370—373,; Pre-Norman Sculp: tured Stones, 372 ( Figs.) ; Visited, 189. Persons, see Lawrence}, Rich. Rodes, Edith, 85. Rodway, James, writings, 521.. Roff, Tho., 85. Rogers, F. E.N., don., 524; port., 176. Hen., 56. John, 71, 272, 277. Tho., ,25,.254. Rolfe, Frances: A. and Walt., 153. Rollestone, Registers printed, 595.. Roman and. Rom. Brit. Bronze Armlets, see Upham. Bronze figure’ of Cock, see Bedwyn, ,Gt. Bronze fibuls: with. loops, 405. See Beckhampton Down; Wylye Camp. ——Coins “ Siliquae,”’ weight of, 127—129: Silver, Hoards of in England, 124—129. See also, Baynton ; Bokerley’ Dyke ; Devizes ;, Kasterton; Edington ; Grovely);, Kennet, W.;) Mother. Anthony’s Well ; Upham, Upper: — Glass vessel, Grovely, 181. Gold Ring, see’ Bedwyn;.Gt. Inscription,,see West Park, Interments,seeTeffontHwyas. Kiln, see: Nash Hill. [ Martinsell]. Pavement), see: Netheravon.., Pottery, see Avebury; Grove: ly Wood; Mother Anthony's Well; Oliver's Camp.. Geo.,, Midden;, see Rainsecombe: Roman Sculpture, see Marlborough. Shale Armlet, see Cold Kitchen. Silver Rings, Grovely, 125, 130 (figs.), 131. Spindle Whorl, Totterdown, 605:. Villas and Buildings, see Mother Anthony's Well ; Nether- avon. : White Metal Spoon,, Gt.. Bedwyn, 406. Rood Lofts,.see Mere. Rood Ashton. Hoi, illust.,.159. Ros of Kendal, Arms, 454. Rosearrock, Arms, 173. 173. Rose: (Mother), 41. 36 Charles;, Ralph; 28, Rosiers, Clyffe Pypard, 468. Rotherley, Late Celtic: Fibula, 400.. Rotrou I., 94. “Round about Wiltshire,” by, A.. G. Bradley, noticed,, 166—167.;; Art. on, noticed, 882. Roundway, 410. Battle, 410: Castle, see Oliver’s Camp. Down; Barrows: excavated, 588. Saxon Jewellery from. Bar- row; 524: Rowdeford House, 342. Rowden: Copse, Grovely,, 302, 304. Rowland, Griffin, 227. Rudd,, Mr., don., 344. Runden, Mr., 310. Russell, Eleanor, 83. Ryen, Roger, 86. “ Rygley,’’ 803. Sacheverell, Joshua, ,107. Sadler fam., entries in Wroughton Register, and. Mon. Inseriptions, 596. John, 24. Sainsbury, Anne and James,,451. St.. Barbe, Will., 326. St. Cleere, Philippa, d. of: Gilbert, Brass and Arms, 4654.. St. John Baptist Day, Observances in London,,290. St. Loe, John, 465. St. Maur, Ld. Percy, obit.,.821. St. Quentin, Arms, 456. Saleeto, see Saucey;s Salisbury, 323. Almshouse of H. Trinity, 351, 354, 358,, 360, Arms of, historyyof, 514.. Bellfounders St., 363. Cath. edral;, arts, and illusts.,, noticed, John, 451. INDEX 10 VOL. XXXV. 639 ‘834, '598; Inscription on but- tress, A. R. Malden on, 347 —350; Candlesticks, 147; Con- secration ross, illust., ‘604; Dance of Wishford and Barford JPeople on ‘Whit-Tuesday , 287,300, 801; Flagons, 148; Fraternities cof the ‘hights ofthe Southern and Northern Cross, ‘852, 854; Lega- cies, 351,.354, 857, 858,360; Me- morial of Railway Disaster, ‘841 ; Pentecostal Offerings'to, 292,300; Picture by Constable, 603; Statue, aillust., 341; WVerger’s Burial ‘Ground, 847; Visited, 585. Charter of James I., 513. Oh. of St. Hdmund, illusts., 326; Legacies, 351, 352, 354, 358, 360, 862; New Chapel, 358, 855; “Quingentenary Festival, 1907,” moticed, 326,331 ; Window broken by H. Sherfield, 326. (Ch. of ‘St. Martin, illusts., 161, 341; Legacies, 351, 354, 358, 360. ‘Ch. of St. Thomas, Chrysom Bk., 596, 597; Guild Chapel, 513; Legacies to, 351, 352, 354, ‘355, 358, 360; Monument of H. Beck- ham, 513; ‘‘Monumental In- scriptions’’ noticed, 326; TRe- built, 1448, 514; Registers »prin- ted, 518; Visited, 535. City Companies, 513; Butchers’,'513;; Cooks’, 513; Joiners’,.513:; Shoe- makers’, 147,513 ; Woolcombers’, 518. Close Gate, Statues over, 146. Coal Dealers’ ‘Chains and Badges, 513. Col-* Jege of Matrons’ Charity, 334. Corporation Brass ‘Candle- sticks, 327; Diamond Jubilee Silver Spoon and Plate,'826, 327 ; Pictures described, 147—149. - Council Chamber, Flags and \por- traits, 536. Culvers St., 363. Entomology, 161. Friars Minors and Preachers, 358, 360. Gaol, payments to, 212, 215, 218, 221, 225, 230, 233, 236, 237, 240, 241, 243. 246, 246, 271. George Inn, illust., 522. Giant, Hob Nob & Black Boys, 514, 600. Green Croft St, 363. Grey Friars’ Hall, 600. Guilder’s Lane, 363. Guilds, Ancient, arts. on, moticed, 613; of St.George/513; Merchants’, ‘518:; Tailors’; .5138, 614, 600; Weavers’, ‘513. Hall of John Halle visited,'535. ‘Hampshire Field \Olub ‘at, 1907, ‘830. Illusts., 162, 167, 176, B24, 330, 381, 594. Joiners’ Hall,.513. Maces, 326. “ Mate’s Illust. Salisbury,” 1905, noticed, .330. Meeting of Arch. Soc., 1908, acct. of, 529—540. Melmonger'St., 852, 555, 363. (Morris Dan- cers, 600°; Museum, 380. Palace, illust. ,!522:;~visited, /535. ‘“ Picco Illust. Guide” noticed, 331. Railway Disaster, 1906, illusts., 341. St. Anne's'Gate Chapel, 535; St. Anne’s ‘8t., il- lust., 522. Sarum Armed ‘Assocn., Colours, 171. ‘Sisters of Mercy, 351,354. Snow- storm, 1908, 503. Wiaitch of St. Osmund’s Eve, 513. Win- chester St.,'352, 355,359, 361 363. Persons, see “Abbott, J. (Mayor); Awdry,'T.;; Ballard, E.; Barbor, J. (Bellfounder); Beare, G.; Beckham, H. &J.; Black, Tho. & Marg.; Brodie, Lt.-Ool. ; Brown, J.; Carent, Mr.; ‘Car- penter, M.; Cecil, W.; Chaffey, B.; Chiffineh,'T. & W.;; ‘Chubb, T.; Clark, G.; Coates, H..& W.H.; Collins, B. ; ‘Crew, P.:; Cox,.J.B. ; Dartnell, G. E.; Devenyshe, W. ; Eyre, R., Sir Sam., & Tho. (Mayor); Fawcett, H. & W.; Folliott, J. A.; Fulton, Mys. H..; Fure, J.; Gordon, G. W. H., Greenhill, J. ; Griffin, F.(Mayor) ; Hall, R. M. (Mayor); Hamilton, Sir Ed. W.; Haskins, C.; Hatcher, H.; Hussey, Amb. & Will. (Mayor); Hyde, Sir R.; Knoell, T.; Light, Mr.; Massinger, Ar- thur.& Philip; Nevill, Rev. E.R: Pinckney, W.; Preston, T.& A. ; Purvis, Mrs. ; Radnor, Jacob, 2nd Earl of; Rambridge, J. S.; Rees, J. R.; St. Barbe, W.; Sherfield, H.; Swayne, W. (Mayor); Tar- gett, E.J.; Tiffm, W.; Tippett, L.; Tooker, G.; Wallis,J.; Wat- son, Mr.:; White, A.; Whitehead, A. (Mayor); Windover, Ed. & Will.; Wootton, Ch. (Mayor) ; Wyche, J..& BR. 8. 640 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Salisbury, Bps. of, own Cannings Hundred and Manor, 468, 469. Robert, 201. Will., 209. See also Beauchamp, Rich. ; Bur- net, Gilbert; Douglas, J. ; Fisher, J.; Hamilton, W. K.; Ward, Seth; Wylye, Walter de. Salisbury, Canons of, see Barnston, J.; Bernard, E. R.; Bouverie, Hon. B. P.; Duncan, J.; Ewing, R.; Eyre, R.; Gordon, Hon. Canon; Picot, P. ; Sacheverell, J. Salisbury, Chancellor of, R., 202. Salisbury, Dean of, W., 201, 202; see also Page Roberts, W.; Webb, Bp. R. A.; Younger, J. Salisbury, Earls of. Edw. the Sheriff, 159, 199, 200. Patrick, ped., 94; Matilda W., of, 200; ped., 200. Will., ped., 200. See also Longespee. Salisbury, Precentors of, R., 202, see also Mottram, Adam. Salisbury, Rectors of St. Edmund's, see Brown, C. J. C.; Swayne, R. G.; Tooke, T. H. Salisbury, Treasurer of, E., 202. Salisbury, Edward of (I. & IL), ped., 199, 200. Walter of, ped., 200; Founds Bradenstoke, 193. Salisbury Plain, illusts., 604. Late Celtic Pin, 407. SU Lak) Military Manoovers,” 1907, by E. Slow, noticed, 331. Salley Abbey, 553. Salthrop, Benet fam., 460. Samwell, John and Lucy, 451. Sandegate, or Sangall Copse, Grove- ley, 302, 304. Sandell (——), 226. Rich., 254, 258. Sanders, Will., 53, 59, 62, 76, 221, 225, 230, 232, 240, 249. Sandwich, R. de, 99. Sandy Lane, botany, 149. Illusts., 163. ; Sanger ( ), 25. Edw., 33. Joan, 214. Rich., 56, 81, 253, 254. Tho., 250. Thrusten, 71. Will., 256. Sapperton (Gloues.), Bell, 368, 369. Sapworth, 219. Sarsens, see Greywethers. Sarum, Old, 323. © Tllusts., 163, 324, 594. Suggested explor- ation, 539. Visited, 538. Saucey [Salceto], Peter de, 204, 206 —208 Saunders, A. E., 505. Edith, | 263. Rob., 311. Sam., obit., 505. Savernake Forest, 590. Art. on, noticed, 171. Botany, 162. Fossil Plesiosaurus, T. Codrington on, 114. Illusts., 167, 594, 597. - Mosses, 587. “ Savernake in the Vale” noticed, 518. Savigny, order of, 541. Saxon Architecture, Shaft, Lydiard Millicent Ch., 373 (fig.). See also Breamore ; Deerhurst. Jewellery, Roundway Bar- row, 524. Scammel, Eliz., centenarian, port., 523. Scarborough, Will., Abbot of Meaux, 575. Schomberg, A., dons., 178, 345, 524; Writings, 340. “School Hist. of Wiltshire” noticed, 3238, 324. Scotales forbidden, 291. Scot, H. & Mrs., ports., 523. T. E., 153. Rev. T. J., obit., 153. Sereens, see Amesbury Ch.; Mere Serivenham, 204. Scrophularia vernalis, 508. Scudamore, Godfrey de, 209. Seend, 344. Ch., Device in Window, 166. Persons, see Ludlow-Bruges fam.; Stokes fam. Segram, Adrian, 49. Chr., 81, 86, 263. Joan, 81. John, 56, 77, 79. Maud, 68. Stephen de, 201. Selfe fam., 157. Mr., 445. Seliman, W., 97, 100. Semington, Persons, see Stokes, W. Sendall, W., 27. Senecio sylvaticus, 161. Seperidge, see Sharpridge. Sepulchral Slabs, see Calne; Lang- ford, Little ; Stapleford. Serto, Abbot, 542. Seville, Dance before the High Altar, 288, 289. Sewell, Rev. A., port., 343. Tho., 2238. Sexteyn, Tho., 352, 355. Seymour fam., 157. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 641 Shaftesbury Abbey, property, 21. Ch. of St. Peter, Legacy, 357. Shalbourne Ch., illust., 162. Shale, Lignite, or Jet. Arnilet, 407. Beads, 7—9 (jig.) Shap, Stone Avenue, 516. Sharington, Sir Hen. (errata), 335, Olive, 335. Sir Will., 549; Letter from, &c., 335; Property, 197. Sharpe, Hen., 41. Joan, 44, 45, 48, 49, 53, 54, 59, 60, 63, 66, 67, 70, 72, 74. Will., arms, 453. Sharpgore, nr. Clarendon, 359, 361. Sharpridge [Seperige ; Shiperidge], 194, 195, 204—206. Shaw Ho., built by T. Smith, 156. Borsans: see Neale fam. Shaw, Tho., 306, 307. Sheathe, J obn, 36. Shearwater, illusts., 159, 594. Shelburne, Earls of; John, 328. Will., Ist Marquis of Lansdowne, 328. Sheldon Manor Ho., illust., 333. Shepariche Magna, 194. Sheppard, Mr., 86. Mrs., 281. Ambrose, 489. Geo., 40, 42, 60, 63, 77, 211, 255, 262, 281. John, 32, 55, 59, 63, 67, 68, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 86, 87, 273, Mary, 265. Robert, 219, 228, 249, 251, 264, 277. Tho., 36, 81. Sir Walt., 211. Will, s9.° Sherfield, Hen., Trial of, 326. Shergold, Ch., 808. Fred., 308. Tho., port., 523. - Sheriffs, see Bonham, Tho. (I. & II.); Goddard, F. P.; Goldney, F. H.; Knyvett, Sir H. ; Salisbury, Edw. of; Tenhyde, Will. de; Wynd- ham, H. P. Sherrast, Jane, 257, Sherrington Ch., Com. Rails, 502. Sherston Ch., 196. _ Sherwood (——), 88. Shirley, Will. & Alice, 473. Short ( ), 489, 490. Shorter, J., 451. Shortingegrove Copse, Grovely, 302, 304. Shotesbrook, Sir Rob., 461. Shovel Down, Stone Avenue, 516. Shrewton, Advowson, 194, 195, 204. See also Maiden Winterbourne. Shoyle, Marg., 27. VOL. XXXV.—NO. CX. Shuyle, T., 72. Sibton Abbey, 572. Sicily, arms of, 456. Sifrewast, Roger de, 209. Silbury Hill, 323, 590. Illusts., 324, 594, Late Celtic fibula, 400. Silvester, Rev. W. K, Don., 605. Simeon, Rev. C., 109. Simpson, G. Dozn., 3465. ‘‘ Singing Bread,” 41, Skreene, Edw., 262. John, 47. Tho., 47 Skryne (——), 27 Edw., 255. Skuse, T. Don. and writings, 598, Skyddie, Marg., 219. Skynner, J., 213, Skyrne, Adam de, 551. Sladen, Rev. C. A. 605. Slateford, 95. Slaughterford, payment to Eton Coll., 102. Property of Monk- ton Farleigh Priory, 99, 100. Persons, see Colyn, R. (vicar); Little, Mary. Slegs, Mary, 233. Slitherthorne[ Hitherthorne],J.,301. Sloper, Edwin, obit., 155. Sloperton Cottage, illust., 170. Slow, Edw., 284; Doasa 178, 345 ; writings, 171, 331. Smart, Nich., 266, 273, 274, 276. Smith, Beatrice, A. §., 153 Dons., 524, Edw., 42, 65. Bliz., 156. 'Fr., 449. GT. , port., 343. Hen., 4638. H. Herbert, 547. James, port., 523. John, 156, 466. Mary, 103, 110, 451. Rev. M. H., 335. Rich., 231. Rob., 85, 247, 476. Sam., 153. Tho., 86, 215, 221, 224, 225, 233, 236, 237, 241, 464. Tho., M.P., builder of Shaw Ho., Diary of, 156. Tho. Graham, 506. Will., 111, 226, 231. W.F., port., 343 ; Writings, 323, 324, 514. Smoke Farthings, 29, 31, 34, 87; origin of name, 291, 300 Smoke Money, 61. Smyth, R., 261. Snailum, Geo., obit., 322. Snapes Copse, Grovely, 802. Snel, W., 96. 2X 642 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. ; Snooke [Snooks], Arthur, 223, 249, 256, 273. John, 265. Leonard, 223, 238, 250, 251, 253, 255, 257, 259, 264, 266, 270. (Mother), 76. Rich., 264. Snooks, see Snooke. Snowstorm, 1908, 503. “ Solar’’ defined, 362. Sollwood, R., 85. Som’, Tho., 56. Somerfield, Giles, 60, 68, 71. Marg., 77, 238. Somerford, Great and Little, Registers printed, 595. Somerset, Duchess of, ports., 176, 523. Duke of, “‘ Ed. Adolphus and his Brother Ld. Webb Seymour, Correspondence of,” noticed, 168. John, port., 147. Somersetshire in 4th & 5th Cents., 125. Somner, Rich., 478. Southbroom, Leper Hospital, 172. Registers, 595. Sowter, Dinah E., 321. Spackman, Roger, 489. Sparganium simplex, 149. Sparrow (widow), 233. Spender, John & Mary, 227. Spicer, Capt., don., 177. Will., 352, 355. Spindler, Rich., 358, 361. Spooner, Rev. G. W., obit., 322. Sprigg, Sir G., 165. Spye Park, Gate Ho., illust., 333. Stacey, John, 234. Tho., 281. Stafford (Mother), 49. "HO; 220. Will., 28. Staggard, Rich., 352, 354, 358, 360, 362. Stanford-in-the-Vale (Berks), 501. Stanier, W. H., port., 343. - Stanley Abbey, H. Brakspear on, 541—581 (/igs.). Cellarer’s Buildings, 571. Chapter Ho., 563. Church, 552. Cloister, 561. Con- verted into Dwelling Ho., 547. Dorter, 567. Frater, 569. Infirmary, 574. Kitchen, 570. Method of destroying buildings, 554. Novices’ Lodging, 564. Precinct, 548. Report of Commissioners,545, 546. Reredorter, 568. Sepulchral Slabs, 556, 557 (figs.). Stone Coffins, 552. Tiles, 559. Vestry, 562. Warming Ho., 569. ; Stanley, Abbots of, Ralph, 544; © Robert, 577; see also Calstone, Tho. Stanley St. Leonards (Gloues.), Bell, 368. Stapelbrig, Gilbert de, 202. Stapleford, 305, 306. Church, C. E. Ponting on,376—380; Font, 380; Mural Painting, 377; Sepulchral Slabs, 379. Manor of, 296. Property Owners, Salil Persons, see Luke, Tho. Stapylton, Sir R., 335. Starkey, Mrs., 547. Start, Rev. W. H., obit., 322. Staveley, arms, 455. Staverton, Manor held by Countess Ela, 199. The Miller of, 204. Stayner, Eliz., 267. Steele, Rev. W. F., obit., 505. Steenbrook Hill, Langley Burrell, Legend, 160. Steeple Ashton, old Ho., illust., 342. Stegosaurus, at Wootton Bassett, aly Steleford Copse, Grovely, 302. Stellaria uliginosa, 508. Stephens ( ), 489. Rev. H. H., 335. Stephen, 273. Will., 274. See also Stevens. Stert, Records of, 597. Registers printed, 335. Stevens, C. R., port., 343. J. B., port, 163. Will, 238, 258, 259, 265. Stewart, Rev. H. F., writings, 339. Still, Gale, 451. Stockclose, illust., 597. Stocks, see Melkskam; Penryn. Stockton, Registers printed, 168. Stodeley, W., 475. Stok, W. de, 482. Stoke Gifford (Gloues.), Bell, 367. Stoke, Roger de, 206, 207. ‘‘ Stokefold,” or ‘‘ Stotefold ”’ Copse, Grovely, 302, 304. Stokes fam., of Seend, wills of, arts. on noticed, 165, 166, 595, 596. Will. s. of Ralph de, 461. Stokke, Gt. Bedwyn, 153, 517. Stone Curlew, nesting, 162. Stone Implements. Arrowhead, Manton, 5 (fig.). Bead or Ring, Manton, 9 (fg.). INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 643 Hammer axes perforated, of non- Wiltshire Stone, 17; Fragment of, Manton, 17. Stone Monuments, Rude Avenues, see Avebury; Boroughbridge ; Shap. Circles, 606 ; see Ave- bury ; Stonehenge. Crom- lechs, see Devil's Den. Stonehenge, 323. ‘‘ Stonehenge,” by Sir N. Lockyer, noticed, 170. Barrow, Gold objects, 15. Bird, The, 317. Blue Stones, not from Drift boulders, 17. q Druids” at, 341. Illusts., 324, 341, 594. ‘ Lettres sur L’Angleterre’’ on, noticed, 512. Orientation, Sir N. Lockyer on, 168, 169. Right of Way Case, comments on, 169. * Ruddy locks and the Elves of,” story, noticed, 331. Stote, Rev. A. W., port., 604. Stourton, art. & illusts., noticed, 598. Persons, see Bennett, Tho. ; Sandell ( ‘ Stourton, Ld., 213, 214. John, Ld., 75, 76. Stowel (——), 451. Stower, Tho., 27, 252, 261. Stowford, S. Newton, 305. Almshouse founded, 2938. Persons, see Hooper, J. Stratford sub Castle, 511. Ch. and Vicarage, illusts., 594. Tllusts., 161. Straton, C. R., 283, 534. Stratton, A., port., 164. Street, J., 242. Strickland, Tho. and Eliz., 464, 465. Stubbere, Eliz., 316. Studley, 549. Stokes fam. Stumpe, Eliz., 160. Charlton and Malmesbury Abbey, 160. Sturton, Rev. Jacob, obit., 153. Sturtons Hatt, Grovely, 295, 302. Suffolk, Earl of, 164. «Summer Lord,” of Gillingham, 60. Surgey, James, 451. Sutton. Persons, see Brewer, Rob. Sutton Veny, New Church, 153. Persons, see Everett, A. J. (Rec- tor), Col., and Joseph; Noyes, Dora, and Ella; Sewell, A. (Rector) ; Wansey, Mr. and Mrs. Swallowfield, 194. Persons, see Will., buys | Swanton, E. W. Dons., 606. Swayne, J. M., ports., 164, 343. R. G. (Canon), 326. Will., 514. Swetman[Swetnam; Swettenham], Eliz., 24, 238. Hen., 52, 55, 60, 67. Swettenham, see Swetman. Switt, John, 352, 353, 355. Rich., 264. Swindon, 323. Christ Ch., illust., 341. Ch., old, 186. Geology of, art. on, noticed, 602. Mlusts., 163, 324, 333, 594. Meeting of Wilts Arch. Society, 1907, 181—190, 523. Militia Books, 606. Prints, &e., Catalogue of, 337. Quarries, illusts., 602. Regis- ters, Paper on, read, 186. Saurian Remains, 602. See also Broome. Persons, see Church- ward, G. J.; Coleman, F. S. (Mayor) ; Goddard, Ambrose, and F. P.; Greenaway, W.; Passmore, A. D.; Powell, James; Stanier, W. H. (Mayor); Weston, W.; Williams, Hen. Swindon, Even, 478. Swindon, High, 478. Swinesborowe, Grovely, 302. Sybier, Will., 352, 354. Sybil, d. of Warin, 492, 493. Sydenham, Sir J., 160. Sykes, Rev. W. 8S., don., 605. Syldon, J., 226. Syle, J., 30. Symer, Will., 358, 361. Symons, Tho., 89. Synderbye, Dorothy, 273. Tadd, F., port., 604. Talbot, C. H., 579; Writings, 172. John, 335. Will., 194, 202, 204. Tally Sticks, 524. Tanner, Chr., 301. Tho., 352, 354. Tany, John and Wenthlian de, 483—487. Peter de, 486. Targett, EH. J., 514. Taunton, J. R., 146. Taylor, Alec, 184, 497, 532. Cuthbert, 271, 274, 275. Taylour, J., 494. Teffont, 303. Teffont Hwyas, Rom. interments, 503, 504. TeffontMagna,466. Charities,167. 2X2 644 Tellieries, Gilbert de, 199. Temple, G. N., 396. Teneriffe, Dances in Ch., 289. Tenhyde, John de, 197. Michael de, 2019. Will. de (Sheriff), 197, 207—209. Tennant, Sir HE. P., ports., 163, 176. Lady, ports., 604; writings, 338. Terrell, G., port., 342, 343. Teucrium scorodonia, 161. Teutonicus, Everard, 208. Tewkesbury Abbey, visited, 187. Teysson, H., 202. Thick, Rob., 261. uf Thirty Years Afloat & Abroad,” noticed, 598. Tholime, W., 358, 355, Thomas, servant to J. Barbor, 358, 861. Thomas, Edith, 235. E., reads paper, 538, 598. Roger, 278. Tho., 89. Thommeson, John, 102.. Thomson, E. I. Dons., 178. Thorne, Joan, 228. Thornhill, Broad Town, 478, 479, 481. Thornhill Copse, 304. Thwaites, KE. N. (Canon), port. and writings, 598. Thynne fam., arms, 173. Ld. Alex., port., 176. Dorothea, d. of Sir John, 173. Tidcombe, Popish Recusants, 108 ; Property, 489—491. Tidworth, 597. Persons, see Mom- pesson, Mr.; Smith, Mary and Will. Tiffin, W., painter, 149. Tiles, creasing for roof, 578. Encaustic, made at Nash Hill, 579. See Stanley Abbey ; Tinhead. Tilshead, Black Horse Inn, 844. Tinhead, Becket’s Farm, Tiles and panelling, 596. Persons, see Tenhyde. Tintern Abbey, 553, 571. Tippott, Lawrence, port., 149. Tisbury, charities, 167. Place Farm, Tithe Barn, &c., E. Towry Whyte on, 21—22 (figs.). Snowstorm, 1908, 503. Persons, see Bracher, 176, 343, 523, Rev. R. Grovely, 302, Cae po AN, INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Tockenham, art. and illusts. on. noticed, 598. Ch. illust., 342, Persons, see Danvers, Rachel and Richard. Tocotes, Sir Roger, 496. Toggenburg, Count of, arms, 458. Tok’, Rob. 97. Tokens, Wiltshire, purchased, 605. Toky [Touky], John, 482, 494. Tomes, Edith, 238. Tompkins, Mr., Waterfinder, port., 342. Tomsone, Rich., 228. Tonner, Tho., 358, 360, 362. ° Toogood, Chr., 266. Tho., 254, 282. Tooke, Rev. T. H., 326. Tooker, Giles, port., 147. Tortula intermedia, 588, 589. T. levipila, 590. Tosear, Clement, bellfounder, 500. Totterdown, Rom. Spindle Whorl, 605. Touky, J., see Toky. Tovy, John, 55, 56, 63, 66, 68—70, 72, 76, 229, 259, 261, 281. Mary, 75, 76. Tho., 218. Will., 39, 40, 42, 43, 47, 75, 76, 2138. Towednack, Cuckoo Feast, 289. Towers, James, 104, Tracey, James, 271. Trasy (——), 84, 211, 243. Hugh, 90, 214, 221, 222, 224, 246. Trewlove (——), 280. Trewman, Hen., 85. Trimby, Joan, 267. Tropenell Cartulary, printed, 184, 532. Art. on, noticed, 597., Noticed, 509. Tropenell, Tho., 510. Trowbridge, 204, 820, 323, 332. Ch. of St. James, illust., 341. Ch., Parish, Alterations, 341; illusts., 159, 341, 594. Conigre Chapel, illust., 341. Court Rolls, 333. Crabbe at, 157. Honour of, 207. Illusts., 159, 168, 324, 603, 604. Machine breaking Riots, 159. Manor of, 194, 199, 205. Market Ho., 159. “ Mate’s Illustrated Trowbridge,” noticed, 159. Rectory, 159. Tabernacle, illust., 159. Hall, 159. houses, 159. 1907, Town Yerbury Alms- Persons, see EO NnT ZT. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 645 Colman, G.; Crabbe, Geo. (Rec- tor; Ewing, Rob. (Canon, Vic. of H. Trin.); Foley, J. G.; Frewer, Paul; Helliker, Tho.; Hill, T.S.; Langford, Mary; Long, Will. ; Mackay, Mrs. ; Snailum, G.; Start, W. H. (Vicar of St. Thomas’) ; Stote, A. W. (Vicar of H. Trin. ; Woodman, §. Sir Peter, Parson of, 206— 208. Trubridge, Josiah, 307. Tryon, Edith A. M., port., 342. Tucker, Ambrose, 534; ‘‘ Catalogue of Portraits, &c., from Collection of,” noticed, 595; dons., 177, 606. Rev. G. W., obit., 155. Tunhide, see Tenhyde. Turner, James, 76; don., 178. Rev. J. R., obit., 506. Tho., 249, 251, 253, 255, 257, 259, 265. Tutdingdune, 205. Twining, Rev. J. H., obit., 154. Tyler, Rob., 451. Tyrol, arms of, 456. Tyse (Widow), 247. Tyssen, A. D., on John Bar- bor, of Salisbury, Brasier, 351—369. Tytherton Lucas, Ch., 333. Ufcott, Gregory de, 494. Ugford, North, 303. Underwood, Joan, 277. John, 261, 265, 275, 281. (Mother), 77. Rich., 36, 38, 230. Unwyn, Tho., 496. Upham, Upper, Aldbourne, Late Celtic fibula and Rom. coins, 399, 4038. Manor Ho., 167. Rom. Bronze Armlets, 504. Persons, see Goddard, Rich. Uphill (Som.), Rom. coins, 124. Uppewell [Oppershull ; Uppenhull], | Will., 96, 97, 100. Uprichard, Edw., 89. Upton Lovel, Barrow, Gold orna- ments and Grape Cup, 14, 15. Urchfont, see Erchfont. Valentine, clerk, 207. Valeriana dioica, 508. Vaurellis, Peter de, 101. Veale, Tho., 238. Vespasian’s Camp, 161. Vicary, Marg., 273. Jonas, 258. Vienne, Ascension Day Observ- ances, 290. Vikeres, Rob. le, 482. Vince, H. C., 451. Vinte, J., 226. Vitalis, 541. Vitré, Eleanor de, marriages, 199, 200. Voak, Will., 281. Vygon, Will., 359, 361. Vyning, J., 85. Vyrledand, Edw., 358, 361. Waaz, John, 482. Waldron, J., 109. Walrond. Waleran, huntsman, 383, 384. Waleys, Julian le, Maud le, and Richard le, 483. Walgrave, Jerome, 75, 76. Walker, Fr., 301. Wallingford (Berks), Late Celtic fibula, 397, 401. Wallington, E. W., port., 163. Sir John (Col.), port., 164. Wallis, Mr. (Bellfounder), 276. Harry, 220. Hen., 72, 77; 87, 91, 92, 210, 211, 213, 214, 216, 218, 221. Joan, 212, 218. John (Bellfounder), 500. _Rob., 267. Wallop, Over, 318. Walls (Mother), 42. Walrond, Will. and Isabel, 485. Walsh, Mrs., 189. Tho., 24. Walter, chaplain, 202. W., the joiner, 271. Morgan, 227. Wanborough, held by Counts of Perche, W. Longespee, & Lewes Priory, 94, 95. Rectory pro- perty of Amesbury Priory, 94. Wansdyke, illust., 324. Wansey, Mr. & Mrs., 151. Ward, Mrs., 580. M. F. (Col.), port., 164. Seth, Bp. of Salis- bury, ports., 148. Wardour Castle, art. on, noticed, 598. Illusts., 167, 342, 598. Warin, Agnes, wife of, 492, 493. Alice, d. of, 492, 493. Son of Roger of Clyffe Pypard, 492, 493. See also Warminster, 323. Illusts., 324, 333, 342, 594, Late Celtic fibula, 399. Persons, see Morgan, Will., & W. F.; Perkins, Rev. J. P.; Temple, G. N.; Wheeler, Agnes. Warn, E. B., painter, 342. Warneford, Dr., 164. Warre, Rich., 270. Warrenne, Will. de, K. of Surrey, 200. ’ 646 INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. Warreyn, Geo., 492, 494. John, 492 —494, Simon and Emma, 492, 494. See also Warin. Warrington, T. R. (Hon. Sir), port., 163. Warrins, Clyffe Pypard, Deeds con- nected with, 492—496. Wartham, Rob., 301. Warwick, Tho. de, 202. Warwick, Ela, Countess of, 197, 208, 209. Wasand, Alan de, 209. Washington fam., at Garsdon, art. & illusts., noticed, 332. Law- rence, 332. Water Eaton (Oxon), Late Celtic fibule, 397, 401, 404. Waterloo, Sword used at, 344. Watkins fam., 386. Watson, Mr., 535. John, 231. Watson-Taylor, J., don., 178. Watten, John, 360, 362. Watts, Agnes, 68. Alice, 83. Edw., 49, 213. Joan, 36, 87, 255. John, 33, 36, 38, 42, 53, 55, 79, 229, 288, 241, 245, 248, 250, 251, 2538, 255—257, 259, 262, 265, 270. Nich., 264. Tho., 29, 30, 32, 33, 36—38, 42, 52, 53, 62, 63, 65, 81, 85, 87, 247, 257. (Widow), 281. Waverley Abbey (Surrey), 543, 552, 567, 575. Waylen, James, writings, 602. Webb fam., of Melksham and Monkton Farleigh, 157. A.C. B., 319. CAI MB S19: John, work at Wilton, 593. Rich., A. Becher, Bp., Dean of Salisbury, obit. and writings, 319. Webbe, meaning of name, 362. ( ), 352, 355. Webber, Mrs., 506. Weeks, John, 466. Welch, James, port., 343. Welby, 100, 102. Welhope, Walter de, 208. Welsted, Thomas, 40. Wells, see Malmesbury, St. Ald- helm’s Well; Mother Antony’s Well. Wells, Miss E. E., don., 177. Welsh, Hen., 269. J. H., Bp: of Trinidad, port., 343. Wenlock Priory, 569. Wessh, Rich., 89. West Ashton, Mineral Water, 332. West Park, Rom. inscription, 536. West, Agnes, 56. Edw., 222. John, 77. Rich. 231. Westbury, 329. Illusts., 341. White House, illusts, 159, 167, 334, 594. Persons, see Barnes, Wyndham; Bingham, W. P. S. (Vicar) ; Cottle, Mr. and Mrs. ; Docker, Rev. F.; Lopes, Sir L. Massey (M.P.); Wheatley, Rev. P. Westbury, Will., 102. Westlease, 478. Westminster Abbey, 575. Weston, W., port., 342. Westwood. Persons, see Hobbs, Mr. and Mrs.; Hewison, J. E. (Vicar). Wever, Nich., 219. Wexcombe, 518. Whalley Abbey, 550, 572. Whatley, Joan, 256. Wheat, Rev. C. F., Don., 177. Wheatley, Rev. P., port., 523. Wheeler [| Wheler ; Wheoler], Agnes, 88. Tho., 352, 353, 355, 358, 861; Rev. Tho., 154. Rev. W.N.C. Obit., 154. Whetehill, 478. Whitchurch, Eliz., 255, 262. Tho., 238. White Horses, see Broad Hinton ; Broad Town. White ( ), 805, Mrs., port., 343. Adam, 358—361, 364. Andrew, 258, 273. Arnold, port., 176, Cristina, 358, 360. Hen., 159. GD. (Major), port., 176. John, 79, 81,273. Lucy, 79. Rob., 33, 68. Tho., 66, 226 ; Sir Tho., port., 148. Violet (Hon.), 321. Walter le, 97. Whitehead, Dr. & Mrs., 152. Mrs., writings, 328. A., 3827. Arthur, port., 148. Whitehode, Agnes, 358, 361. Whitemarsh, Mere, 277. Whiteparish, Charities, 168. Whitewell, Walt. de, & Will. de, 96, 97, 100. Whitley Farm, Melksham, Neale property, 157. Whitmore, Marg., d. of W., 810. Will., 465. Whitt (Mother), 76. INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 647 Whyte, E. T., on Tithe Barn, ' Place Farm, Tisbury, 21, 22 (jfigs.). See also White. Wig Curlers, 344. Wiggebere, Rich. de, 207. Wilcocks, H., 47. Wilcott, Bronze Spear-head, 605. Wilcox, Mr., 69. Geo., 271, 274, 275, 280. Nich., 263. Wiley River, fishing (1355), 316. Wilkins, J., 268. Rob., 227. Wilkinson, Mrs., 506. Beatrix oo) port., 342. Moses, M. R. (Capt.), writings, te 593. Willesden, Rich., 353, 355. Williams ( ), 277, 448. Alderman, 181. Agnes, 220. Andrew, 231. Edith, 255, 262. Harry, port., 343. F.D., 307. Joan, 85. John, 268. (Mother), 211. Rich., 478. Rob., 257. 5.'5., port., 163. Tho, 238. (Widow), 281. Willis, Mrs., 580. Don., 524. Willoughby, Mr., 302. Will., 270, 271, 274. Wills proved at Canterbury, 597. Wiltshire Wills, 165, 166. See also Barbor, Alice and John; Goddard, Edmond, Rich., and Tho. ; Stokes fam. Wills, Rich., 227. Willoughby, Sir John, 496. Willyngton, Will., 477. Wilsford, Late Celtic pendant, 406. Manor of, Bobun property, 199. Persons, see Twining, J. H. (Rector). Wilton, 305. Church, Brass, 453; Glass, 454, 457; Heraldry ~ of, Rev. E. E. Dorling on, 453—459; Illusts., 163, 330; Monuments, 453—459. Hospital of St. John, founded, 294. House,“ and its Literary Associations,” art. noticed, 596 ; Art. on, noticed, 598; Glass, 598 ; * Guide,” 1908, noticed, 593; Hist. of building, 593 ; Holbein Porch, not by Holbein, 594; Illusts., 168, 167, 330, 522, 593, 601 ; “ "Pictures ” by Capt. N.E. Wilkinson, noticed, 520; Visit of K. Ed. VII. and Queen, 1908, illusts., 601 ; Work of Webb & Inigo Jones, 334. Tllusts., 594. Meeting of Wilts Arch. Soc., 1906, 182, 184. Persons, see Roberts, Rev. G.; Slow, E.: (Mayor) ; Swayne, J. M. (Mayor) ; Wilkin- son, Lady Beatrix. Wilton, Gt. Bedwyn, 518. Wilton, Rev. Edw., 399, 403; On Incised Slab, 383, 384. Roger, 228, 248, 250, 259, 260—263, 281. Will. de, 209. Wilts and Berks Canal, Seal, 177. And Dorset Bank Annuals, 1906, 1907, noticed, 161, 511. —w-— ‘And Dorset by Pen and Camera,’’ noticed, 162, 163. Wiltshire Arch. Society Ac- counts, 1906 and 1907, 179, 180, 525; Meeting at Salisbury 1908, 529—540; 598; Meeting at Swindon 1907, 181—190; Reports, 1907, 1908, 182—185, 529 —533. Authors: Books, &c., by, 174, 175, 338—340, 520, 521, 603. Books, Pamphlets, Articles, 156—173, 323— 337, 509—520, 593—602. Curate, Journal of, 146. idee Illustrations, 341, 522, 03 In 1906 and 1907, 1738, 518. ‘* Leaders, Social and Political,” noticed, 163, 164. Map, noticed, 519. Marriages in Registers of Somerset Ho. Chapel, 166. ‘“ Notes & Queries,” Nos. 51—62, noticed, 165, 166, 595, 596. Portraits, 76,165, 166, 176, 342, 523, 604; Col- lections of, 183, 595. Prints & Views, collection of, 183. Regiment in Wilts, illusts., 604. ‘* Registers, Marriages,” Vols. III.—V., noticed, 168, 335, 512. Report of Royal Com. on Feeble Minded,” noticed, 601. Verses, 334. Winchester Cathedral, Com. Rails, 502; Effigy, 384. Ch. of St. Thomas, Legacy, 352, 355. Curfew Bell, 500. Wincheombe (Gloues.), Ch., Com. Rails, 502. 648 Winchfield (Hants), Ch., Com. Rails, 502. Windover, Edw., 147. Will., ports., 147. Wine for Communion, quantity used, 230, 244, 246, 271. Winkelbury Camp, 414, 415. Winslow, Will., 461, 470. Winterbourne Bassett, 194. Late Celtic fibula, 404; Property, 474. Persons, see Amolete, Nich.; Bassett, Tho. & Alan: Daivill, Reg. de; Dun- stanvill, Walt. de; Harris, H. (Rector). Winterbourne Dauntsey, Persons, see Abbott, Eliz. Winterbourne Shrewton, 194, 195. Advowson, 206, 207. Winterbourne Stoke, owners of property, 311. Yellowshanks shot, 508. Persons, see Coles, Carey. Winterslow, Charities, 168. Ch., Painting of Doom, 177; visi- ted, 539. Hut, visited, 539. Registers, 595. Per- sons, see Duckett, Rob.; Ewing, Rob. (Rector). Wise, Lawrence, 250, 251, 258, 255. Wishford, Almshouses founded, 149, And Barford, Customs of in Grovely Forest, with Further Notes on Wishford, Rev. Chr. Wordsworth on, 283—316. Bough Day, origin of custom, 284. Char- ities, 293. Charity School, 293. Church, C. E. Ponting on, 381—382; Chest, 316; Effigies, 881, 882; Font, 381; Legends of 7 children baptized, and of female figure on Bonham mont., 308, 309 ; Restoration, 307 ; Monuments, 3807—310. Court Rolls, 284, 315. Com- mon oven, 318, 315. Deeds concerning, 316. Fire Engine, 311. Grovely Rights com- muted, 296. Illusts., 594. Midsummer Tithes, method of letting, 312. Population, 1676—1901, 307. Royal Oak Inn, 301. Schools enlarged, 307. Townsend Tree, 300. Persons, see Algar, Allen or Asgille, W. (Rector); Atteford, INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. | | Adam ; Bonham, John de, and T,; Bower, J. (Rector) ; Brent, Rob. Brown, J.; Carpenter, G. Chedworth, Ld.; Davis, Will. Down, Rich.; Eve, J. & W. Hayter, R.; Hibberd,Ch.; Hill, E. (Rector); Hillman, R.; Howe, Sir R.; James, W.; Kingsman, Walt.; Lewis, R.; London, Michael & W.; Oland, D.; Parker, Ed. & J.; Powell, R. (Curate) ; Saunders, R.; Shaw, T. (Rector); Shergold, C. & F. ; Trubridge, Josiah; Williams, F. D. (Rector). Wishford, Great & Little, property owners, 3]1. Witcheraft, 1685, 519. q Withybed, Clyffe Pypard, 462. Withy Copse, nr. Pewsey, 524. Witt, Mr., 589. Wolf Hall, Hen. viii., no¢ married at, a Wolfe, Mr. & Mrs., ports, 523. Wolverton, 76, 259. Persons, see Lucas, W. ; Luke, T. “ Wonderful Wessex,” noticed, 594. Wood, J., 220. J. C., Local Sec., 189. J. G., port., 164. Wood Eaton (Oxon), Late Celtic fibula, 397, 401. Wood Hens, 308, 314. Woodall, T. J., 520. Woodborough, Persons, see Sturton, J. (Vicar). Woodchat (Lanius rufus), 150. Woodeock, nesting, 162. Woodecocks, Will., will, 519. Woodeuts (Dors.), Late Celtic fibula, 897, 400. Woodford (Col.), 400. Mr., 132. Woodhill [Ode Hill; Odefield]}, Clyffe Pypard, property, 461— 464, 489—491. Woodhull, see Woodhill. Woodman, Sam & Emma, port., 523. Woodmancote (Gloucs.), property of Lacock, 192. Woodpecker, The Great Black, oc- currence of, 317. Woodward, C. H., dons., 177, 183, 605. Woodwork. Ch. Benches, Steeple Langford, 386. Church Chest, see Wishford. Panelling and INDEX TO VOL. XXXV. 649 Carving at Boscombe Rectory, 539 ; Purton, College Farm, 189; Steeple Langford Ch., 386. Pulpit, Jacobean, Steeple Lang- ford, 386. Wilton & Wylye, 380. Wooden Water Pipe, Seend, 344. Wookey Hole (Som.), Rom. Coins, 124, Woolmer Ho., history of, 172. Wootton, Charles, 148. Wootton Bassett Ch., 337; illust., 341. _Iilusts., 163, 167, 324, Stegosaurus, 317. Town Hall, illusts., 333, 594. Town Trust, 532. Persons, see Jacob, Alice; Smith, Tho. (M.P.). Worcester, Bell foundry, 367. Wordsworth, Rev. Chr. (Canon), don., 345. On Conversion of Mary Hurll, Lace Maker’s Apprentice at Marlborough, 1675, 103— 113; On Customs of Wish- ford and Barford in Grovely Forest, &c., 283—316; Writings, 161, 165. John, Bp. of Salisbury, port., 598, 604; Writings, 174, 175, 339, 520, 521, 603. Worlbury (Som.), Camp, 425. Woronzow, Kath., Arms and monu- ment, 453. Wotten, Rich., 267. Wraxall, North, ‘‘Annals of the Parish of,” noticed, 158. Dagger, 503. Italian fibula, 394 (fig). Persons, see Francom, C.; Harrison, F. (Rec- tor). Wraxall, South, Manor Ho., art, and illusts., noticed, 159, 333. 520, 522. Wren, Sir Chr., ports., 343. Wrightson, A., 150. J.(Prof.), port., 164. Wrokeshale [Wroxhale], Eustace, Geoffrey, & Julian de, 483, 486, 487. Wroughton, Sadler fam., Inserip- tions and Registers, 596. Persons, see Turner, J. R.(Vicar). Wroughton, Chr., 496. John, 462, 496. Wryneck in Wilts, 150. Wudesmonescote, Manor of, 202. Wyatt, James, work at Wilton, . 594, Rich., 241. Wyche, John (Capt.), acct. of and port., 605. Rich. Sam., 605. Wylye Camp, Late Celtic & Rom. fibule, 400, 405, Church, C. E. Ponting on, 380. Persons, see Shergold, T. Wylye, Walter de, Bp. of Salisbury, 545 ; Wymarea, Prioress of Lacock, 192, 196 Wyndham, Hon. Mrs., port., 523. H. P. (Sheriff), 315. Hon. Perey, 504; port., 604. W., 306. Yate, Rich., 27. Yates, Grace, 261. 238, 267. Yatesbury, 478, 479. Property, 488—486, 489, 491. Persons, see Guillebaud, E. D. (Rector) ; Oarswell, Hugh de; Stephens ( ); Tany, John. Yatton, 226. Yatton Keynell Manor Ho., illust., 333. Light’s Farm, Neale property, 157. - Yeatman, Chr., 258. Yelling, Hugh, 221, 224. Yellow Shanks (Totanus flavipes), 508. Yetminster (Dors.), Bell, 367. Yorke, Humphrey, 112. Young, J. (Dean of Salisbury), 306. Mathew, 250. Zeals, 47, 58. Zouch, Mr., 86. 60, 76. Zygodon viridissimus, 589. Tho., 217, Francis, 49, END OF VOL. XXXV. ©. H. Woodward, Printer and Publisher, 4, Saint John Street, Devizes, THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). WILTSHIRE—THE TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.B.S., A.D. 1659-1670, Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A, In 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates. Price £2 10s. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONS POST MORTEM. CHARLES I. 8vo., pp. vii., 501. 1901. With fullindex. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 18s. 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