ee ndabieateei eaten et Ta ae wing wee er tere or St etent Se et ep nf rota A : omy bee ar en? Saaaaeageeace es oe ee eer ABS = res - D be. gp ‘* ae re be ae az: 7M Stee CAS Ue Sel hye) ne vie satin HE ines I eae os THE WILTSHIRE: Archeeological & Natural History MAGAZINE. Published under the Direction of the Society FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, A.D. 1853. Epitep By Rev. HK. H. Gopparp, CLyFFE VICARAGE, SWINDON. VOL. XLI. 1920—1921—1922. DEVIZES : C. H. Woopwarp, ExcHance Buinpines, Station Roap. eee JUNE, 1922. CONTENTS OF VOL. XH. No. CXXXII, June, 1920. The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50: [Parliamentary Surveys (Lambeth) Vol. XIV., &c.] Communicated by the VEN. ARCHDEACON E. J. BODINGTON (continmued).....2cecceeeesceccesees 1—39 East Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens: By Ceci P. INURE cccob Be coho PCROSENCOOL Coe IEEE RSE nD renee one ee arene Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Bresent Part IIT. (contenued). The Newspapers of South Wilts: By Mrs. HErRBertr RicHarpson, B.A., Sometime Scholar of St. Hugh’s College, MOSM rs. ie oe ns caes CRG shes ve Seto oy sare MeMaeh NT aa adels ade ans 53—69 Wilts Obituary .. be Mdae dataeawadeecs sed O78 Wiltshire Books, ampiless, and. Articles: SE ai anes aheh nae eye dca 2) A8— 98 Additions to the Museum and Library...........c..cesescrececescovcncees 98—100 Accounts of the Society for the Year 1919 ........... vadinaclatoekoteue st 101—104 No. CXXXIII. Dacenser, 1920. The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50: Parliamentary Surveys (Lambeth) Vol. XIV., &c.]: Communicated by the VEN. ARCHDEACON E. J. BODINGTON (concluded) .......0c0+ssceseecseces 105—128 Notes on the Rural Deaneries of Marlborough and Cricklade, 1812: Communicated by the Rev. G. F. TANNER ............ 129—136 East Wiltshire Mollusca: by Crcrt P. Hurst, Member of the ; Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland ......,,..... 137—150 The Excavation of a Late:Roman Well at Cunetio ee. By J. W. Brooxs, F.S.A., Scot., F.R.N.S. SoheieeSecceees LOT=159 Notes on the Pottery from a Well on the Site ‘OP a : Ueinétio” { Mildenhall], near Marlborough: By Mrs. M. E. CunNINGTON 153— 159 The Sixty-Seventh General Meeting of the Wiltshire Arche- ological and Natural History Society, held at Devizes in conjunction with the Royal Archzological Institute, July 20th MOA MMAMRO DEN Mes acscsi cdots se'esarles:cutcsiaces esos dedaee acd -osdecseacec sss 160—171 OES MMMEO PEP cet Sci ts OF eco Meshes os-macuierocasedees seveetesivdvacvess LV L194 Wilts Ouumary SOS OSHS DSRS CRD aENE OEEBS CUSSED OS DSA DESEO ECE B EC DEEL ES Sn neREAm 194—196 Wiltshire Books, Panphlets AMGOAUEIC lesirae csecoucestese see sven ec sees 197—213 Wiltshire Portraits ........ PERMA SETS IGT ees Reece dvcceer cae LA — O15 Gifts to the Museum and ince. ara Nahin ARs clase es ENS NING acted 215—216 No. CXXXIV. JuNE, 1921. The Society’s MSS. Abstract of Copies of Court Rolls and other Documents relating to the Manors of Bradford & Westwood : By the Rev. A. W. Stors, F.S.G., Lond.........-.cssesceeeseeee, ss 217—263 Kast Wiltshire Rust Fungi: By Cecirn P. Hurst..............5 00. 264—271 Roman Wanborough: By A. D. PASSMORE ......2. (..e.sesseseeceee as 272—280 1V. CONTENTS OF VOL. XLI. The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of ee and oes: re O. G.S. CRAWFORD . Shinn, SERRA Le Sa eee . 281—301 Wilts Civtmar: | SAE AEE Wc T Gee AUR a DU URIEE LIke nies eine aa eee 302—308 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles ......... sates Oe eee OS=——Oee Books, Eephiens and Articles by Wiltshire Raion, Pee cn: 323—329 Additions to Museum and Library .. ...........ssccceccesceeceseee eee 329—330 | Accounts of the Society for the Year 1920 ................c0 see eee ves 331—334 No. CXXXV. DeEcEMBER, 1921, The Place-Names of Wiltshire: By G. B. Grunpy, D. Litt. ...... 335—353 East Wiltshire Plant-Galls: By Cecin P. Hourst.............. ...... 354—364 Stone Implements of Uncommon Type found in Wiltshire: By GhHewREV,.) FEL PE OD DNB ego easaa vos us bea 0s oad Sodio te eee 365— 377 The Sixty- Eighth General Meeting of the Wiltshire Archeological History Society, held at Warminster, July 27th to 29th, 1921 378—388 Notes on Roman Finds in North Wilts: _by A. D. PASSMORE ... 389—395 Wansdyke, its Course through E. and 8.E. Wiltshire: By ALBANY F. Magor, O.B.E. ve. 896—406 King’s Bowood Park [Ne 1: byl Tae Tent ¢ OF ; eee vesevesee 407—423 INO EESY sere i Eee ih aitaine (vale Sale ov anae eee ee ea Aen Wilts OME e du cauten sd id setae oO AO Wiltshire Books, Ese nle’ts. And ureicleee coiGaceas deb ede eee 440—448 Additions’ to. Museum and) Ibtbrary 20). 0-26s. ecGos see eee ee 449—540 No. CXXXVI. JuNE, 1922. Notes on the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton, its Rectors and Vicars: Compiled by Mrs. T. Story MASKELYNE and the Rev. CANONY NDANLEY (501.95 scarse shader Res heme nies oeee eee ee ea nei 451—478 Wiltshire Newspapers— Past and Present. Part III. Goma The Newspapers of South Wilts. By Mrs. HERBERT RicHarpson, B.A., sometime Scholar of St. Hugh’s College, Oxtordia ea poe tak eae twaren Ga. cee wana 479—501 King’s Bowood Park [No. II.]: By THe Ear or Kurry......... 502—522 The Devil’s Den Dolmen, Clatford Bottom. An Account of the Monument and of Work undertaken in 1921 to Strengthen the North-East Upright: By A. D. Passmore ................... 523—530 Index to; Vol) Mole gie ceo tians 0 iy lec es codes ecbna de eee OS eee OU Illustrations. Plates I.—IV.,.Pottery from a Well on the Romano-British Site at Milden- hall (“ @anctio. ”).156. Iron Hipposandal and Cleats. Wanborough, 278. Map of Extent of the Roman Settlement at Lower Wanborough, 278. Roman Objects from Wanborough, 279. Map to illustrate the Anglo- Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage, 281. Wiltshire Stone Implements (2 Plates), 365. Roman bronze balance from St. Margaret’s, Marlborough, 392. Map: Bowood Park, showing the ten divisions made by the Par- liamentary Survey in 1653, 407. Plan of Bowood House, 522. Devil’s Den. Figs. 1—6. Views of Dolmen and Works of Strengthening, 527-530. No. CXXXII. JUNE, 1920. Ore, QOLIE, WILTSHIRE Archeeological & Natural History MAGAZINE, PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SOCIETY PORMED IN THAT COUNTY, , : MOD 135 3. EDITED BY REV. K. HW. GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. [The authors of the papers printed in this “‘ Magazine’ are alone responsible for all Seo _ statements made therein.| DEVIZES : PRINTED AND SOLD FOR THE Socigry BY C. H. Woopwakxp, TixcHaner Buripines, Starion Loan. Price: as. 6d. Members, Gratis. NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE, that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the A/agazine will be found at the end of Vols. vill, Xvi, xxiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are each indexed separately. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for the current year, are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. Davip Owren, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Annual Subscription to the Society is 10/6, with an entrance fee of 10/6. The Composition for Life Membership is £10 10s. The Numbers of this AZagazine will be delivered gratis, as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip- tions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall vive notice to Members in arrear, and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whese Subseriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- tary: the Rey. 1. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS To be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas Ato, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s, One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s. 6d. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo, 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston, M.A. Price to the Public, 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or tur STOURHKLAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES In THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES in toe SOCIETY’S MUSEUM. Part IJ. 1911. Fully illustrated. Price 2s, CATALOGUE oF tHe SOCIETY’S LIBRARY ar tHE MUSEUM, Price 1s. APPENDIX No.1, II., and III., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, 1n tHE SOCIETY'S LIBRARY at tHE MUSEUM. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE HOEGIIN IN THE SOCIETY’ 5 COLLECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBERS or tor MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. WILTSHIRE Archezeological & Natural History MAGAZINE, No. CXXXIT. SON 191, Vou. XL Contents. PAGE. THE CHuRCH SuRVEY IN WILTSs, 1649—50: [Parliamentary Surveys (Lambeth) Vol. XIV., &c.] Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington (continued) ..........0. ce. c0c00s 1—39 East WittsHire Mosses, Hepatics, AND LicHEeNns: By Cecil peel Sissies cs eau ess f se 40—52 WILTSHIRE NEWSPAPERS—PAST AND PRESENT. Parr III. (continued), THe NEWSPAPERS OF SourH WILTs: By Mrs. Herbert Richardson, B.A., sometime Scholar of St. iow College, Oxford. ...: ca. fecc cess eens oes ced ver tev ven taeeeeees 53—69 NET MES HOBO AY so. cccccscceccsegceecvevscuseivoesescees 5 ol Pa eer eRe ene CRT 70—78 WILTSHIRE Books, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES ...... ..........0005 78—98 ADDITIONS To THE MUSEUM AND LIBRARY ... ..... sige ones cape cae 98—100 ACCOUNTS OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1919........... Zeap ars 101—104 Devizes: —C. H. Woopwarp, ExcHance BuILDINGs, STATION Roan. WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. ‘““MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’—Ovid. No. CXXXIL JUNE, 1920. Vor. XLL THE CHURCH SURVEY IN WILTS, 1649—50. [Parliamentary Surveys (Lambeth), Vol. XIV,, &c.] Communicated by the Van. ARCHDEACON E. J. BopINGTon. Parochial Surveys. (Continued from Vol, xl., p. 416.) Liberata fuit Curiz vicesimo quinto die Novembris, 1650. Chippenham Division in Com. Wilts.' The Presentment of the Jurors hereafter mencioned Inhabitants of and within the severall hundreds of Chippenham Malmesbury Calne and Damerham North giuen vnto William Shute and William Mountjoye Esquires Richard Scott John Hunt and Adam Golding? gent. Fiue of the Commissioners of Parliament for the said Countye vpon the sixteenth of September 1650 touching the service required concerning Parsonages Viccarages and the Incumbentes in such manner and forme as is hereafter mencioned (vizt.) CHIPPENHAM HUNDRED. Chippenham Parish. That Chippenham is a great parish and thorough fare from London and Bristoll and that the yearly value of the Viccarage there is Six pounds thirteen shillings and foure pence or thereabouts, And that the Parsonage or Viccarage of Tytherton Lucas distant neere two miles from Chippenham both of the guift from Christ Church in Oxford being annexed to the Viccaridge of Chippenham is worth Fortye pounds per annum or thereabouts’ And that Mr. Jonathan Gyer is the present Incumbent and receiveth the proffitts of eyther place constantly supplying ‘Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys. Vol. XIV., pp. 451, seg. The returns in these Hundreds seem much abbreviated, few remarks being made upon the incumbents and in most cases the names of the patrons of the livings omitted. ‘These last are in many cases inserted in the Lansdown MS. 459. 2 Sic, but in the copy of the signatures at the end the name is written * Gouldney.” VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXII. B 2 Lhe Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. both cures for the most parte by preaching every Sabaoth daye in the morninge att Chippenham and in the afternoone at Tytherton. And the Inhabitants of Chippenham doe thinck fitt and convenient that Tytherton Lucas may be a sufficient place by Itselfe for a Minister and doe desire an augmentacion of maintenance for their Minister answerable to soe great a charge and cure of soules consisting of about two thousand. And that the tythes of the disafforested grounds of the late Forest of Pewsnam maye be annexed towards the Incumbents better maintenance. Titherton Lucas. ‘Titherton [Lucas and Titherton Kelway is but one tything. And the desire of the Inhabitants is It may be made one parish where att present It doth belong to foure parishes (vizt.) Parte of Tytherton Lucas vnto Chippenham some parte to Langley Burrell (Keilways being a parish of it selfe) butt the Church is Falne into decaye there having beene no Minister for foure yeares past, the other Tytherton is part of Bremble! parish. ‘That there is a church at Tytherton Lucas with all church officers the minister of Chippenham being Parson and Viccar there and the Gleabe Land there worth twelve pounds per annum And the whole profitts worth Fortye pounds per annum or thereabouts. And the profitts of Chippenham as they beleiue not exceeding six pounds Thirteen shillings and Foure pence. That the Minister of Chippenham is also Minister of Tytherton Lucas preacheth constantlyevery Lords Daye in the Morning att Chippenham and in the afternoone att T'ytherton Lucas vnles prevented by the Rysing of the waters Many times so hapning that he cannot come thither for three weekes together for which Reason and for that Tytherton is neere two myles distant from Bremble Keilwayes Church decayed some parte of the parish of Langley in Titherton Lucas distant neere two myles from that parish church and the Inhabitants there hindered from going thither by Reason of the waters for a monthes space -All the Inhabitants of the — Fowre places aforesaid doe desire that they may be ynited and annexed to Tytherton Lucas And that made a parish church. West Kinton I[s both a parsonage and a Viccarige the value thereof one hundred pounds per annum or thereabouts And that Robert Dauenant Clerke is the present Incumbent and proprietor of the Proffittes. Lacock is a Viccarige worth Fortye pounds per Annum or thereabouts with Cure of Soules. And that Mr. John Barnes is present Incumbent and hath or ought to have and receive the profitts to his owne vse. Colerne. There is one Parsonage sine cura and one Viccarige for the © maintenance of a Minister worth neare Fifte poundes per annum. The — Parsonage in possession of George Marshall Warden of New Colledge in — Oxford who Receiues the profitts thereof and there is noe present Incum- bent their sometimes Viccar named Mr. Huggins? is lately deceased and — the presentation is from the said Warden. North Wraxall. Is a Parsonage worth fowrescore pounds per annum — And that Thomas Blanchard Clerke Receiveth the profitts thereof to his owne vse. Box. Isa Viccarige presentative worth Fowrescore pounds per annum, 1 Bremhill. ? Instituted 1603 Communicated by the Ven, Archdeacon EL. J. Bodington. 3 Walter Bushnell clerke is the present Incumbent and Receiveth the profitts to his owne vse. And that the Parsonage of Haselburye being neare therevnto where noe constant preaching Minister is thought fit to be annexed to the Viccarige of Box which Parsonage is neare worth twentye pounds per annum. Bidstone. Is both a Viccarige and a Parsonage the Viccarige called Bidstone St. Nicholas which William Mountjoye hath right to present the Parsonage in the guifte of the lords Com's Keepers of the Greate Seale of England called Bidstone St. Peeters the Viccarige valued att six pounds | and the parsonage att thirteene pounds the whole nineteene pounds per }annum. Mr. William Blackewaye is the Minister and supplieth the ' Cure for both and Receiveth the profitts of both the ?arsonage and the | Vicarrige being not above two furlongs distant And the Inhabitants there doe thincke fitt that Bidstone St. Peeters be vnited and annexed vnto Bidstone St Nicholas as it hath ever vsually beene and that made one one parish church wherevnto the parishioners of Bidstone St. Peeters resorte approued of to be a Godly minister.! Slaughterford. Isa Viccarige in the guift of Mr. William Mountjoye worth about Fowre pounds. There is not any Incumbent (the profitts thereof being so small) And it is desired that the same may be vnited to Bidstone St. Nicholas aforesaid. Kingswood. here is a Chappell and six pounds thirteene shillings and | fowre pence allowed for the sallarye and stipend of the Curate. And that there is noe settled Minister. sherston Magna. Is a Viccarige worth thirtye eight pounds per / annum or thereabouts And that Henry Hayes is the present Incumbent and doth Neceiue the profitts thereof to his owne vse and approued of by vs. Yatton Keynell. Is a Parsonage worth Fowre score pounds per annum. And that Mr. William Stump is the present Incumbent and | Receiveth the proffitts both of the Gleabe worth thirty five pounds per annum and of the Tythes worth Forty five pounds per annum wee cannot free him from scandall. Castlecomb. Is a parsonage vaJued at Sixtye pounds per annum and Mr. Roger Flower is the present Incumbent and doth Receive the proffitts _thereof to his owne vse: he maketh vse of other inens workes by reading them in the Pullpitt. Sopworth. Isa parsonage amountinge to about Forty and five pounds perannum. And that Mr. John Waterman is the present Incumbent ap- | proued of by vs. Hardenhuish. Is a parsonage worth thirtye pounds per annum And that Mr. Eyre is the present Incumbent. Langley Burrell. Isaparsonage presentative The present Incumbent | Thomas Web Minister who doth or may leceive the proftitts thereof worth | one hundred pounds per annum whome wee cannot free from scandall. Luckington. Is a Rectorye or parsonage worth Fiftye pounds per 1 The foregoing paragraph is so worded in the MS. B 2 4 a The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. annum or thereabouts. Alderton is the nearest adjacent parish distant — half a mylefromthence. Andthat Mr. Nicholas Waddington is the present - Incumbent of Luckington and receiveth the proffitts approued of by vs. Alderton. Is a parsonage impropriate And that Mr. Elyas Tyce doth serve thé Cure there and hath twentye pounds per annum salary for serving the same and is a constant preacher there. Ditcheridge. Isa parsonage and Viccarige valued att Eleaven pounds per annum. the Gleabe Landes valued att six pounds: the present In- cumbent is Richard Bridges clerk who Receiveth the proffitts thereof And the Inhabitants there doe thincke fitt the same to a vnited to Colerne which is neare adiacent to them. 1Bremble. Is a Parsonage or Viccarige formerly of the Donation of the Bishop of this Dyocess whereof Mr. James Crump is the present Incum- bent. There is allso one Chappell in Foxham within the said Parish distant about two myles from the Parish Church the Cure whereof is served by Mr. Thomas Collyer the yearely value of which said Parsonage or Viccarige is worth one hundred and three score pounds per annum out of which value one Fifte parte is paid to Mrs. Townesend the former Incumbents wife be- sides twenty poundes per annum towards the maintenance of St. Mary’s Church in Sarum. And over that Mr. Thomas Collier hath received of of the said Mr. Crump sixteene pounds per annum for serving the Cure in Foxham chappell which the Inhabitants do think fitt the same should continue as now It is And further the said Mr. Crump doth receive the proffitts of the same Parsonage or Viccarige (excepting onely of that parte which S'. Edward Baynton receives worth about nyne pounds per annum) And that the said Mr. Collier receiveth three pounds per annum more in the whole.nyneteene poundes per annum for his serving the said Cure. The said Mr. Crump is approved of by vs. Lydallmore’. The value of that benefice is threescore pounds per annum. Mr. Phillip Kinsman is the present Incumbent one that Readeth such things as he deliuereth in the pulpitt. Estongrey. Is a parsonage worth thirtye pounds perannum. Mr. John Newland is possessed of the Parsonage house by the consent of the maior parte of the parish for three yeares last past vnto [whom ?] some-have paid their Tithes and some others have deteyned theirs to their own vse. And that one Mr. Jones hath lately come into the parish contrarye to the consent aforesaid and hath there officiated for two Lords dayes. And which of them ought to be presented the Incumbent is left to the Judgement of the Lawe. Littleton drew. Isa parsonage and was of the guift of the late Bishop of Sarum worth Forty pounds per annum whereof Mr. George Russell is — the present Incumbent and receiveth the proffitts to his owne vse and Ke- puted to be of an honest life and conversation and approved of by vs. _ Corsham. Is a Viccarige presentative worth Fifty pounds per annum whereof Mr. Edward Dyer is the present Incumbent And doth Receive the j ! Bremhill. — ? Leigh Delamere. Communicated by the Ven. Arehdeacon HL. J. Bodington. 5 proffitts thereof to his owne yse. And that the Church there is supplyed by the constant preachinge of the said Mr. Dyer. Avon. There is neyther Church nor Chappell but.a small parsonage of Tenn pounds per annum or thereabouts parte of the proffitts thereof Edward - Hungerford of Cadman! Esquire Receiveth and parte thereof Mr. Dolman of Christian Malford Receiveth And all the Inhabitants there are parishioners to Christian Malford. MALMESBURY HUNDRED. Malmesburie Parish. That there is a Viccarige with Cure of Soules the value thereof heretofore worth Il'ifty five pounds perannum. And that Mr. Robert Harpur is the present Incumbent there and serveth the cure butt doth Receive little of the Tythes and benefitts as it is conceiued) a great [part]? whereof is deteyned by the [Inhabitants of Rodborne and | Corston where are two chappells standing about a myle and a halfe from Malmesburye the cure whereof is supplyed by Mr. Symon Gawen who | Neceiveth (as it is supposed) the proffitts or else not certeinely knowne | what Salary the said Mr. Gawen hath by the yeare And that the said | Chappells formerly have been supplied by a Curate att the appointment of | the Viccar of the parish Church of Malmesburye. And the Inhabitants of Malmesbury doe thinck fitt the aforesaid Chappells to continue vnited to the aforesaid Parish Church and not to be deuided. Butt wee the Jurors | doe not approue of such vniting butt that Rodbourne and Corston maye be | vnited and made one parish by It selfe for the reasons hereafter following Rodborne. Corston. Are two distinct Chappells the one in Rodborne | and the other in Corston and some parte of the profitts of the said Viccarige | is received by Mr. Symon Gawen who officiates there And that there is / noe settled Incumbent ,butt onely the said Mr. Gawen att the request of the greatest parte of the Inhabitants there officiates the Cure receyuing for his Salary suche part of the tythes there as the Inhabitants are pleased to _pay him which is about thirteen pounds per annum And further they i thinck fitte that those chappells be taken from the said parish Church | both of them distant from thence two myles and vpwards and a River running betweene that in wynter the Inhabitants are not able to pass thither And that the said Chappells lying so neare together may be vnited. | Sutton Benger. Is a Viccarige with cure of Soules now or Lately worth twenty pounds per annum Besides the yearely Rent of nyne pounds }) heretofore paid to the late Deane and chapiter of Saruin hath beene by late jorder from the committee of this Countye conferred vpon the present | incumbent Mr. Jolin Ferris whoe is the present proprietor of the proffitts of | of the said Viccarige. Seagrey. Is a Viccarige worth tenn pounds per annum And that | Edward Bridges Clerke is the present Viccar and Incumbent there ' Cadenham. * Omitted in MS. 6 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. Brockenborrowe. With the parish of Charleton belonged to West- porte! in Malmesburye the Tythes Impropriate belongs to the Earle of Berks. The Viccarige is presentative And the presentation since the King’s decease belongs to the said Karle And that Mr. Trencheard is the present Incumbent who receiveth the proftitts thereof being twentye pounds per annum to his owne vse And that the said Parish Church is more then a myle distant from any other Parish Church there being many people of that congregation And therefore In expressing of their great greefe and by Reason of their weake and many tymes no supplye which they had for manie yeares by Reason of the three Churches belonging to one Minister the earnest desire of the Inhabitants there is, That their panish be a Parish of Itselfe and not annexed to any other. Dracott Cerne. Isa Rectorye or Parsonage the profitts of the Gleabe and of the Tythes doe amount vnto Fifftye pounds perannum. Mr. Thomas Fidoe is the Rector there. And Mr. Thomas Power is his Curate out of which Fiftye pounds per [annum Mr. Thomas Power receiveth five and twentye pounds|per annum for his salarye in serving the Cure And Mrs Rand the precedent Rectors wife receiueth thirteene pounds per annum for a Fifth parte thereof Soe that vnto Mr. Fido belonges onely butt twelue pounds per annum®out of the said profitts being A Godly Man. Somerford Magna. Is a parsonage the Value one hundred Pounds per annum Samuel Kynnaston Clerke is the present Incumbent. And ~ Receiveth the Tythes thereof to his vse. } Dauntsey. Isa Parsonage the yeareley value thereof eightye pounds per annum. Doctor Cheshire is the present Incumbent proprietor and possessor of the said Parsonage aud doth Receive the proffitts of the same.. Foxley. Is a parsonage worth Fiftye pounds per annum. William | Hart clerke present Incumbent there Receiveth the T'ythes for his owne ¥ ~ vse (ag it isiconceyued) And is halfe a myle distant from the parish Church ¥ of Bremnam. ‘he said Mr. Harte is approved of by vs. a Bremnam.’ Isa parish Church Anda Parsonage. Mr. Edward Bridges 9 is Minister there And receiveth the proffitts being worth sixteene pounds per annum or thereabouts and preacheth thereabout fower tymes in the 9 yeare being halfe a myle distant from Foxley and being of such small YJ distance Bremnam stands very convenient to be annexed to Foxley which 4 is the greater Parish. Long Newneton. Is a Parsonage worth Fortye pounds per annum | and that Mr. George Estcourte is the present Incumbent and Receiveth 7) the profitts thereof. q 1Tt is strange that no reportis made upon Westporte parish. Both | before and after this period the Vicarage of St. Mary Westport has had 4 attached to it the two Chapelries of Charlton and Brokenborough. West- | port Church was destroyed during one of the attacks upon Malmesbury in | the Civil Wars, but a return upon the income of the living should have | been given. | 7 Omitted in MS. 3 Bremhilham. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon #. J. Bodington. yi Kemble & Ewen. Kemble is a Viccarige and Ewen a Parsonage the Viccarige worth Sixteene pounds per annum and the Parsonage worth thirtye pounds perannum, And the Gleabe belonginge to the Parsonage worth foure pounds per annum-in the whole Fifftye pounds per Annum, Thomas Thacke is the Incumbent and. Receiveth the proffitts thereof. Ashley. Is a parsonage of the yearely value of Fortye pounds (as It is adjudged) and that John Barrett clerke is the present Incumbent and receiveth the Tythes to his owne proper vse. Charleton. Is a Viccarage and a faire and large Parish Charch the Gleabe Lands to the same worth fortye marks per annum and the privye Tythes worth Fortye pounds per annum And that Mr. William Whittley' is the Viccar and in possession of the said Viccarige And receiveth the proffitts to the same belonging. Crudwell. Isa parish Church whereof Mr. eokee Neuill is the present Incumbent, And that the Gleabe Landsiand other proffitts thereof are neere worth fowerscore and sixteene pounds per annum. Honckerton. [s a Viccarige of the value of Five and Fortye pounds per annum. And that Mr. William Beale is the now Incumbent and doth receive the proffitts to his owne vse Butt the Cure is supplyed by John Beale sonne vnto the said William Beale. Norton. Is a Viccarige worth twenty pounds per annum or thereabouts And that Mr. Coxe is the present Incumbent and Receiveth the profitts, being A godly man. Garsdon. Is a Parsonage with cure of Boule: And that there is one Chappell therevnto belonging within a myle distance called the Lea, the value of the Parsonage of the said Parish Church by Common Kstimacion is Fortye pounds per annum. And that John Hieron clerke is the present Incumbent and wee the Jurors doe thincke fitt that Garsdon may be a sufficient place of It self for the maintenance of a Minister without addition of any other place. oo Lea and Cleuerton. There is Av Parish Church belonging to these Tythings the true value of the Viccarige house and Glebe worth twentye pounds per annum and the Viccars tythes Thirtye pounds per annum. Mr. Hieron is the Incumbent and receiveth the proffitts the Church standeth very convenient for the parish and the inhabitants doe desire that Lea and Cleuerton maye be made an [ntire and distinct thinge by it selfe as formerly It hath beene without any Relation to Garsdon. Hullavington. Is a Viccarige valued to be worth forty fiue pounds per annum or thereabouts. William Latimer ‘clerke is the present Incumbent and Receives the Tythes to his owne vse, Poole. Is a parsonage of the late King’s guifte worth Fiftye pounds per annum or thereabouts the present Incumbent is Mr. John Ferreby senior who taketh the proffitts thereof to his owne vse. Oaksie. Okesie is a parsonage the value of the Gleabe and 'ythes worth 1 The name is Matthew in Phillipps’ Wilts Jnst. and in the Malmesbury Abbey Registers where he is mentioned as taking several baptisms. 8 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. fower score and Five pounds per annum the present Incumbent is Mr Thomas Ellson who receives the profitts to his owne vse ovt of which Mr. John Ferrebye junior for serving vnder Mr. Ellson receiveth twenty pounds per annum. ; ADHUC DE MALMESBURY HUNDRED. Stanton Quintin. Is a Parsonage valued att one hundred pounds per Annum Mr. John Hodges is the present incumbent placed there by order of Parliament And the Parsonage valued att one hundred pounds per annum and the Church landes att six shillings perannum. And that the said Mr. Hodges receiveth the proffitts of the Parsonage (paying the Fifte parte thereof vnto Mrs. Chamberleine! the wife of the Precedent Rector) and supplyeth the Cure. And is a Godly able Man and well approved of by Vs. Mintye. Is a viccarige And that one Benard Wayte is the present Incumbent and receives the proffitts thereof for the most parte arysing in the County of Gloucester worth Five and Fitye pounds per annum onely the Viccarige house and gleabe Lands lying and being im the County of Wilts by estimacion Fowre pounds per annum. Brinckworth. Is a parsonage worth two hundred pounds per annum and that Mr. John Harding Doctor of Divinitye doth supply the Cure and doth paye the Fifte parte of the proffitts thereof vnto Doctor Dowdeswell the precedent parson and the Residue doth receiue to his owne vse who is approued of by vs. . Somerford Parva. Is a parsonage reputed to be worth Fowrescore pounds per annum. And that John Palmer clarke is the present Incumbent and receiveth the profitts. CALNE HUNDRED. Calne. Is a Parsonage consisting of a Viccaridge worth thirtye fiue pouuds perannum. And that Mr. William Mortimer is the present In- cumbent And doth receiue the profitts thereof besides twelue pounds per — annum for his Salarye out of the Parsonage of Calne. And that the chap- pell of Barwicke Bassett belongeth to the parish Church of Calne And one Mr. Millerd? doth receiue out of the said parsonage thirty pounds per annum for his seruing there. And that John Frayling is a godlye able man an Assistant vnto the said Mr. Mortimer beinge aboue foure score yeares of age. , : Blackland. Isa parsonage presentatiue with Cure of Soules being worth thirtye pounds per annum And that Thomas Page Clerke receiueth the benefititfor profitts thereof to his owne vse being the present Incumbent Compton Bassett. Is a parsonage worth one hundred pounds per 1The name is given as Charnbury in Phillipps’ Wilts Jnst. and in Lans- down MS. 459 Charenbury. * Miller. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon L. J. Bodington. 9 annum And that James Nisbitt is the present Incumbent and possessor of the said parsonage and Receiveth the profitts for his owne vse being lately presented therevnto by the Lords Comissioners for the Keeping of the Great Seale of England. Yatesbury. Isa parsonage worth one hundred pounds per annum and that Mr. Henry Norborne is the present incumbent. And receiueth the profitts to his owne vse. Hedington. Is a parsonage worth three score and fiue pounds per annum. And that Mr. Henry Rogers is the present Incumbent. Receiueth the profitts. Cherrill, Is an antient Church the present Incumbent thereof is John Steuens clerke who for his Salarye receiueth the Donatiue with the small tythes of the parishioners worth thirteene pounds per annum And.by the guift of Docto' Dauenant sometymes treasurer of Salisbury sixteene pounds per annum. a Calston. Isa parish one Parson and Viccar In the guift of William Duckett esquire the value thereof fiue and thirtye pounds per annum : the present Incumbent is Richard Jenings who receiueth the profitts thereof to his owne vse. Barwick Bassett. Wolston Miller clerke is the Minister there whose salarye out of the Parsonage is butt thirtye pounds per annum, out of w™ Mr. Lowe deducteth thirty shillings yearely for house Rent and a third part of the monthly contribution. DANERHAM (Sic) NORTH HUNDRED. Wettleton. Is a parsonage worth one hundred pounds. per annum. John Fabian is the present [Incumbent doth Receive the Tythes or proffitts for the same. Grittleton. [s a presentative Rectorye or Parsonage with Cure of Soules hauing beene Lett for Fourescore pounds per annum. And it is beleived It is now worth one hundred pounds per annum and no more. Richard Jaques clerke is the present Incumbent and proprietor of the Parsonage and doth receive the proffitts thereof. Christian Malford.[s a Parsonage valued to be worth one hundred and three score pounds per annum. Mr. William Doleman Is the minister or present Incumbent thereof and doth receiue the Proffitts of the parsonage aforesaid and is approved of by vs. Kinton Sct. Michaell. There is one Ecclesiasticall benefice or Viccarige with Cure of Soules the Guifte is of the Ladye Longe. The yearely value is seauen pounds tenn shillings the Gleabe and the priuye Tythes Fiftye two pounds and tenn shillings in the whole three score pounds per annum, Richard Hine is the present Incumbent and receiveth Forty five pounds per Annum to his owne vse and Fifteene pounds the Residue is paid to Nicholas Peirce because.of the Insufficiencye of Richard Hine : the said _Church there hath for a long tyme beene voyde of an Able Godlye Ortho- dox Minister vntill now within some few moneths the said Nicholas Peirce 10 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. once a Sabbaoth daye doth exercise there who is a very Godly Able vnder- standing man and for his great paynes In the Ministerye is to Receive Fifteene pounds per annum towards the Maintenance oe himselfe his wife and Children. William Shute Rich Scott William Mountioye John Hunt Adam Gouldney James Organ Robert Huckings Charles Hadnam Walter Bullock Samuell VWnekles William Dyer William Vncles Richard Odye William Alexander Richard Wyles Michaell Thomas John Lacye John Thomas John Parker Gabriell Golding Isack Tayler Humfry Workman Thomas Penn. This Coppie agreeth with the Original] and is examined by me Tho: Hobson. Endorsed :—Cop: of the Returnes of the severall In- quisitions in the Countie of Wilts. II. Valuations of Church Property. CHIPPENHAM HUNDRED. Wilts! Rectoria de Sherston. A Survey of the Rectory or Parsonage of Sherton (sec) and Alderington with the appurtenances therevnto belong- inge lyinge and beinge in the Countie of Wilts late parcell of the possess- ions or late belonginge to the Deane and Chapter of the Cathedral] Church of the Holy and vndivisible Trinitie in Gloucester made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the monthe of September 1649 by virtue of a commission to vs graunted (&c. as above). Thomas Hodges Esquire. Al] that Scyte of the Rectorie and Parsonage of Sherston & Aldrington with the appurtenances lying and beinge in the Countie of Wiltes conteyninge one Messuage or Dwellinge house consistinge of one hall, one kitchin, one butterie, one whitehouse one mealehouse, one maulthouse All conteyninge seven bayes of buildinge, two barnes covered with tyle, one dove loft over the porch of one of the said barnes, one stable, one oxhouse, one waine house covered with thatch in all conteyning sixteene bayes of buildinge, one garden and backside conteyninge by estimacion one acre, and all and singuler landes tenementes rentes meadowes leasowes, pastures, tythes of wood, Patronages, Advowsons, Presentacions, of the Churches and Chappells all and singuler the proffittes, comodities, Royalties, liberties, members and appurtenances whatsoever they bee sett lyinge and beinge in the said Countie of Wilts to the said Rectorie and Chappell belonginge or in anle wise apperteyninge or which at anie tyme heretofore have beene reputed letten, occupied accepted taken knowne as part parcell or member of the said Rectorie or Chappell belonging to the same. Memorandum that ‘all the before mencioned premisses were by the late Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of holy and indivisible T'rinitie in Gloucester by their Indenture by Lease bearing date the second daie of. August in the fowerth yeare of the raigne of King Edward the Sixth — demysed to John Veele of Longford inthe Countye of the cittie of Gloucester — yeoman to hold from & ymediately after the death surrender forfeiture end 1 Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. [X., p. 231—232. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EB. J, Bodington. 1 and terme of the lease lately made vnto one Thomas Hayer of Sherston aforesaid and others with him named in the same for fowerscore and ‘Tenne yeares payinge per annum viij', at the Feastes! of St. Michaell the Archangell onely but are worth vppon ymprovement over and above the said rent Cxxxiy!. [Redditus viij"! ] A Covenant that the Lesse all and singuler reparacions of houses vppon the Scite of the said Rectorie and other the premisses and all charges ordinary and extraordinary, whatsoever they bee shall make doe and paie at their proper costes and charges & thereof shall acquitt the said Deane and Chapter and their Successors during the said terme. A Clause of reentrie in case the Rent bee vnpaid by the space of one moneth after it growes due. The Advowson right of Patronage, nominacion and presentacion of the Rectory of the Church and chappell of Sherston and Aldrington doth be- longe to the Lessee. The Viccarige there is worth per annum xl". The presente Incumbent there is Henry Heyes. The Counterparte of the lease of the said premises heretofore made to Thomas Hayer of Sherston aforesaid and others and the counterparte of the said lease made vnto the said John Veele by the said Deane and Chapter of Gloucester wee cannot find amoungst the Counterpartes of the leases of the late landes and possessions of the said late Deane and Chapter of Gloucester. Thomas Hodges Esquire hath shewed vnto vs onelie the last mencioned lease he affirmes that he hath a terme in the saide premisses yet to come and that the said premisses are by sufficient meanes in lawe conveyed vnto him: the meane conveyances he hath not nowe in his possession but hath promised that hee will cleare his title to and interest in the said premises to the hon''* the Trustees next tearme in London. [Hodges in- terest . . . thepremissestobee . . . out within the tyme lymitted.?] Geo. Oldfield Tho: Milweare Anthony Edwardes Jobn Grange. Will. Webb supervisor Generall. 1649. MALMESBURY HUNDRED. Rectoria di Sutton Benger*® A Survey of the Rectory or Impro- priate Parsonage of Sutton Benger with the Rights members and appur- tenances thereof lying and being in the County of Wiltes late parcel! of the possessions or late belonging to the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum in Com. Wiltes aforesaid, made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of January. By virtue of a Commission to vs granted, grounded vpon an Acte of the Commons of. England assembled in Parliament for the abolishing of Deanes, Deanes and Chapters, Canons, Prebends and other offices & titles of and belonging to any Cathedrall or Collegiate Church or Chappell within England and Wales, vnder the handes & seales of Five or more of the Trustees in the said Act named and appointed. Annuall Rentes reserved. All that Rectory or impropriate parsonage sec plural. * Partly lost in the binding. * Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 203—205. 12 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649 —50. House consisting of a Kitchen, a Hall a Parlor, a Larder, two Butteries, a Milkehouse, Five Chambers, Two cocklofts, two Barnes of 10 Bayes of - building, a Stable and a heyhouse of 4 bayes of building, a Garden, an orchard and a Backeside, or Little plott of ground adioyning therevnto conteyning per estimation cleere values & improvementes per annum. Oh Oy There is belonging to the said Rectory and Parsonage the Tithe of all corne and graine and of all Hey growen within the said parrish (except the Tithe of the Corne and hey growen vpon the Glebe landes, belonging to the © Viccarage there, which is the Tithe of about 22 Acres of Meadow Pasture and Arable, the same Landes being tithe free) which Tithe payable to the Rectory or Parsonage is [sc] valued communibus Annis is per annum excel All which premisses That is to say All that the Parsonage of Sutton Benger togeather with all and singuler Houses, landes, tithes, proffittes, Comodities and Emolumentes to the same Parsonage bones or in any — wise apperteyning, togeather alsoe with all and all and all manner of Rents of and for the same parsonage: or any of the premisses vpon whatsoever demise or grant they bee reserved, were by Indenture dated 20th day of December 8° Elizabethe demised by the Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum, Propriators and Parsons of the Parsonage of Sutton Benger in the County of Wiltes, vnto Adrian Rogers of the Citty of New Sarum in the said County Widdow. Habendum to the said Adrian Rogers and her Assignes from the Feast of St. Michaell Tharchangell last past before the date: vnto the end and terme of 99 yeares then next. ensueing and fully to be compleat & ended. VWnder the yearely Kent of of Nine poundes within the Citty of New Sarum, At the Feasts of the Annunciacion of the Virgin Mary, and of St. Michaell Tharchangell by even porcions. But are worth vpon improvement over and above the said Rent per annum Ixxv". The Leassee doth covenant in behalfe of herselfe, her executors & assignes, and the assignes of every of them, immediately after the end determination or Forfeiture of all such Leases, as of the said Parsonage with the ap- purtenances before this time by the Predecessors of the said Deane & Chapter, were Granted to susteyne beare and pay all manner of charges _ ordinary and extraordinary, due and goeing out of the said Parsonage, or any part or parcell thereof during all the said terme, except Tenths dismes, and subsidies, which the said Deane and Chapter and their Successors shall pay susteyne and beare during all the said terme. The Leassee doth covenant immediately afier the end determination or Forfeiture of such Leases as of the said Parsonage were by the Predecessors of the said Deane & Chapter granted to make susteyne and beare all manner of Reparacions as well of the Chauncell of the said Parish Church of Sutton Benger aforesaid as of all houses edifices and landes, and soe leave them at the end of the terme. A Covenant that it shall not bee lawfull for the Ieassee her Executors nor Assignes to fell or cutt downe any El]me or Elmes growing vpon the said Parsonage ground without: the specia!] licence of the said Deane & Chapter — their Successors or Steward for the time being. EEE a Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EH. J. Bodington. 13 The Leassee doth covenant to permitt & suffer all & every person & persons, as have taken the said Parsonage and premisses or any part or parcell thereof peaceably and quietly to occupy and enioy the same, soe that they yeild pay and performe all and every thing & things according to their grant or grantes. If the Rente bee behinde by the space of one moneth then a Reentry, The Premisses were by Adrian Rogers the Leassee made over to Thomas James alias Atkins by a deed vnder her hand & Seale bearing date the last day of January in the said 8 yeare of Queene Elizabeth and the said Thomas Atkins by his deed bearing date the 16 Jan. 5° Jacobi did make over his Terme right and interest to Edward Somner of Semington in the County of Wiltes Clothier. Memorandum. The Advowson, right of Patronage and presentacion to the Viccarage of Sutton Benger, did (as wee are informed) belong to Doctor Duppa late Bishepp of Sarum, now to the State. The Viccarage there is worth per annum—xxx". The present Incumbent there is Mr. John Ferres. Walt. Foy Jo: Squibb Chr: Weare Geo: Fairley. Ex: per Will. Webb Supervisor Generall. 1650. Wiltes' Rectoria de Minty. A survey of the Rectorye Impropriate parsonage and mannor of Minty with the rights members, and apper- tenances thereof lyeinge and beinge in the parish of Minty within the County of Wiltes and Gloucester late parcell of the possessions &c late be- longing to Thomas Leech clarke late Archdeacon of North Wilts and parson of the Parish Church of Minty aforesaid made and taken by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of December 1649, By vertue of a commission to us granted (ce. as above). There is belonginge to the said parsonage the Tithe of all corne and graine within the said parishe of Minty And the tithe of all the hey of the said parishe (all other Tithes there are payable to the Vicar) which Tithe due to the parson is worth per annum Ix", All which premisses vizt All that the Rectory or parsonage of Minty - with all howses edifices buildings lands Tenements Rents Reversions ser- vices commons Tithes oblacions and all other profittes. commodityes emoluments and hereditaments whatsoever to the said Rectory or parson- age in any wise belonging or appertaineing or accepted reputed or taken as _ part parcell or member thereof or as perteyneing or belonginge therevnto within the Countyes of Wilts and Gloucester or either of them (excepted and alwaies to Thomas Leeche and his Successors reserved all pounds (s7c) Fisheinges and all woods groweinge vpon or belonginge vnto the said Rectorye or parsonage or any part thereof, together with the patronage guift nominacion advowson and disposition of the Viccaridge of Minty aforesaid, were by Indenture dated the 13th of July Caroli demised by Thomas Leeche clarke Archdeacon of North Wilts, and parson of the Church parish of Minty vnto Walter Kinge of Tw fond in the County of Southampton gent. Habendum (except before excepted) to him his heires and assignes for the lives of himselfe, the said Walter Kinge and of ‘Thomas Kinge, and William Kinge sonnes of William Kinge of Coates in 1 Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. XV., p. 332. 14 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. the County of Gloucester gentleman brother to the said Walter Kinge and the longest liver of them vnder the yearely rent of eight pounds one shill- ing and tennpence att the foure vsuall Feasts by even porcions. But are worth vpon improvement over and above the said Rent per annum Ixxxxji. x* viij*, [Redditus vilj.}*.x?. Thus aporcioned : —To the Landes 3. 17. 10 To the Tithes 4. 04. 00O—8. 01. 10]. Will Webb 1650. Decr. 1. If the said Rent be vnpaid by the space of xxvilj dayes, the Lessee is to forfeit the sum of xx*. —' pence, for which and for the rent in arrears, a distresse 1s to bee taken vpon any part of the premisses, and the same to leade drive away carrie awaye impound & in pound to keepe, and deteyne vntill the same Rent, Arreareges of Rent, and penalty to be forfeited as aforesaid shallbee paid. The Lessee is to repaire all the premisses sufficiently the repaireinge of the prams! of the Church of Minty ex- cepted. Memorandums. ‘here is a Court held for the said mannor kept at the will of the Lord. The Tennants of the said Mannor are to performe their . sute and services at the court aforesaid. ‘The Fines of the severall coppy- holders there are arbitrary as the J.ord and Tenants can agree. Noe Herriot paid within the said Mannor. The Custome of the said Mannor is to graunt three Lives, and the widdowes of all the Tennants dyeinge in poss- ession to have their widdowes estates. The I.ord or Lessee for the tyme beinge may fill vp all estates dureinge the terme. ‘The Advowson Right of patronage and presentacion to the Viccaridge Minty did belonge to the Lessee, and doth now to. the state. The Viccaridge there is worth per annum Ix. ‘The present Incumbent there is Mr. Barnard Weight.. NRe- turned (amoningest other things) into the Negister’s office for keeping the Surveys for Deane and Chapters Lands the 14 January 1649 by Walt. Foy Jo. Squibb Chr. Weare Surveyors. Ex. Rd: Hal Regist: Dept. CALNE HUNDRED. Wiltes.| Calne Rectory & Mannor. A Survey of the Rectory and impropriate Parsonage and Mannot of Calne with the rights members and appurtenances thereof lyenge and beinge in the County of Wilts, and of the Rectory and Impropriate Parsonage of Fighelden alias Feildhen in the said Countye of Wiltes both which lately were parcells of the Prebendary and possessions appropriated to the Office of the Treasurer of the Cathedrall Church of the virgine Mary of Sarum in the sayde Countye of Wilts for the tyme beeinge, made and taken by us whose names are hereunto subscribed in the Monethes of June and Julye 1649. By virtue of a Comission to vs graunted, grounded uppon the Acte of the Commons of England’ assembled in Parliam'. For the abolishinge of Deanes, (&c. as above). The Tythe ariseinge, and groweing due out of the Tythinge withine the © Burrough of Calne aforesaid valued per annum x1" : The Tythe of the Tytheinge of Eastmanstreete within the said parrish of Calne valued per annum x". 1 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 246—251, Communicated by the Ven. Archileacon BE. J. Bodington. 16 The Tythe of the Tythinge/ of Quimberford withine the sayde parrishe valued per annum xxx", | The Tythe of the Tythinge of Calston and Blackeland withine the said | barrishe valued per annum xlviij!, i The Tythe of [the'] Tythinge of Stocke withine the saide parrishe valued | per annum RAV Ad x: | The Tythes of the Tithinge of Whetham of the same Parrishe valued att | perannum xyjl, | The Tythes of the Tithinge of Stockleigh withine the said parrishe valued | per annum xxx! . hie Tythes of the Tithinge of Studly withine the sayd parrishe, and of | the Tythinge of Compton from the Farle of Castle Hauen vallued per annum xxiij!, | The Tythes of Beauerbrooke and Whiteleigh Tithinge withine the said | parrishe vallued perannum xx! Uhe Tythe of the Tythinge of Barwicke withine the sayde parrishe | vallued per Annum Ixxx". The Tythe of the Tythinge of Cherrill withine the sayde parrishe valued per Annum Ixx', [Total] ecclxxxxvli. x* The advowcon right of Patronage presentacion to the parrishe of Calne belonge to the Lord of the sayde Manno’. ‘The Viccaridge there is worth per annum Ix". The present Incumbent there is Mr. Win. Mortimer. Withine the sayde Parrishe of Calne there are twoe Chappells, the Oneina | village called Cherrill which is a donatiue, the other Barwicke a Stipendary, The right of Patronage or presentacion to the Donatiue of Cherril] be- ‘longeth to the Lord of the said Manno’. and the Stipendary for Barwicke |1s to bee mayntained alsoe by the Lord of the s*. Manno’. The present } Incumbent in Cherrill aforesaid is Jobn Stevens, vnto whome is yearely paid by the Farmer of the Rectory of Calne the summe of xvj' as hee jailirmeth for a pention, whoe hath alsoe as Incumbent of that place one | Messuage or Tenem'. and one yard land conteyninge xxx Acres and 4 halfe, and certaine small and priuy tythes, which T'enemente and Tythes are worth per Annum xij!‘ soe all the yearely profitts of the said Donatiue are worth per Annum xxviij} George Lowe esq". by Indenture of Lease beareinge date the Xx11J'" day of Julye in the xvij yeare of the late Kinge Charles graunted to him the isayde George from Edward Davenant Doct*. of Divinity, Treasurer of the |Cathedrall Church of Sarum, Holds All that the Manno’. Lordeshipp, pre- bend and Parsonage of Calne aforesayde with all the Members and appur- ‘tenances to the said Manno' Lordshipp parsonage and prebend or to any or either of them belonging or appertayninge, for xxi yeares from Lady Day before the date of the sayde Indenture, payeinge yearely Ixxxij, viij®. iij¢, att Michelmas and Lady Day by equall porcions. And alsoe payeinge idureinge the sayde Terme att the tymes aforesaid the yearely Rent of Iviijt ‘to bee disposed and Imployed by the said Edward Davenant and his ‘Successo"®, in manner following viz'. To the Viccar of Calne for the tyme beeinge the yearely somme of xij! ‘To the Curate of the Chappell of |) Seas eteieeade SiN lai oe a Rate See 1 Omitted in MS. 16 The Chureh Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. Cherrill the yearelye somme of xvj' And to the Curate of the Chappell of Barwicke Bassett the yearely somme of Thirtye poundes. All which premisses thereby graunted are worth vppon Improuem". ouer and aboue the afaresayde Rents thereby and therevppon reserued per annum, which sayde several Rents and Improvement are thus apporcioned viz': The Rent for the Manno’ Lordeshipp Landes and Tenem*. therewith all vsed and enioyed Ixxiij". xilij®. 1j% Iintoto “Oxi Synge eine: The Rent for the Parsonage and Tythes thereto belonginge and _there- withall enjoyed and vppon them to remayne is per annum Ixvj", xiijj*. The Lessee is to beare all charge for repayres of the sayde Mannot Chaun- cell and other the premisses, and the Lesso' is to allowe Timber onely to bee taken vppon the said premisses. An Abstract of the present Rents Improuemen*, and all other profitts of the foresayde Rectorye and Manno'—The Rents of the Coppyholders for Lyues and Royalties are per annum xiij". 1%. x4, The Demeasne or Gleabe lands are per Annum ccxxxvj!. v*.. The Tythes per annum are ccclxxxxv". x®. The Rents of the Freeholders are concealed from us. Summe total] of the present profitts per annum ccccccliiij", xvj’. x. The Improuem*® of the Coppyholders for liues per annum clxxxv'. The Tymber vppon the Demeasne or Gleabe Lands are worth xl". Summe Totall of future Im- C prouem* per annum viijxxix", xvjs. x4. The said Capitall Messuage, Mansion howse Rectory or Parsonage House Mannor and premisses wee finde in the possession of George Lowe, Esqr. who produceth nothinge vnto us whereby to discouer his interest in any parte of the premisses, nor cane wee by any meanes obtaine the sight of any records Rentalls or Courte Rolls concerneing the same. The Lease aforesaid whereby the said George Lowe holds all the sayd Mannor and premisses was produced to mee, which I certified this First day of August 1649. Will. Webb. supvs'. Gen'll. Walt: Foy John: Squibb Christ: Weare Geo. Fairley Surveyo's. Valuations of Church Property. DUNWORTH HUNDRED. Wilts.! Prebend et Rectoria de Swallowcliffe. A Survey of the Prebend and parsonnage of Swallowcliffe with the rights members and appurtenances thereof sett lying and being in the Countie of Wilts late parcell of the possessions or late belonginge to John Russell clerke Preben- daryeand Parsoun of the Prebend and Parsonnage of Swallowcliffe aforesaid made and taken by. us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the month of January, 1649 by vertue of a commission (Kc., as before). Annuall rents reserved. Cleere values and improvements per annum. All that the Parsonnage house of Swallowcliffe aforesaid consistinge of a Hall a kitchinne a Butterie three lodginge Chambers a milke house a Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 205—207. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon HE. J. Bodington. 17 Barne and stable of five Bayes of buildinge with a garden orchard and Backside conteyning per estimacion 01. 02 ijt One close of pasture or Furzey Ground called by the name of the home close adjoyninge to thaforesaid Parsonnage house cont. per estimacion 03. 90. > Ores One close of Pasture called by the name of the London a close hav- ing the highway leading from Hatisbury (1)! to Sarum on the South side thereof conteyning per estimacion 04. 00. yh. One little parcell of meadow or pasture lying on the Northside of the highwaye leadinge from Swallowcliffe to Hindon and on the south side of a meadowe belonginge to Mr. Edward South conteyning per estimacion 00. 20 perches iij®. 111j%. One little Parrock of Pasture lyinge in the parish of Hytesbury at the east end of the churchyarde of the parrish church of Haytesbury aforesaid _ conteyning per estimacion 00. 20 perches. vé. Severall parcells of arrable lyinge dispersedlie in one of the common feilds of Swallowcliffe aforesaid called the east feild cont. per estimacion 0G. - Ol. life Severall parcells of arrable lying dispersedlie in one of the common feildes | of Swallowcliffe aforesaid called by the name of the Middle feild conteyn- | ing per estimacion 08. 03. ij", Severall parcells of Arrable lyinge dispersedlie in one of the Common | feildes of Swallowcliffe aforesaid called by the name of the West feild con- | teyning per estimacion 07. 00. ij. vj viij4. One meane dwellinge house inhabited by M™. Russell widdow relict of | John Russell late Prebendarye and Parsoun of the Prebend and Parsonnage | of Swallowcliffe aforesaid with an Orchard and gardenn therevnto adioyn- | inge and at the ende thereof one parrock of meadowe shootinge east and _ west and one wythy bedd lyinge in the south side of a meadow belonging | to M r. Edward South cont. per estimacion 01. 00. 02", 00%. 002. Totall number of Acres 31. 03. 14. 15. 0. There belongeth to the Parsonage of Swallowcliffe aforesaid the Tythe of all graine Hey, wooll and Lambe and all other tythes whatsoever greate | and small groweinge and ariseinge within the parish of Swallowcliffe afore- _ said Asallso the tythe of all graine hey Wooll and Lamb and all manner of | other tythes whatsoewer groweing and ariseinge uppon a farme ancientlie called and knowne by the name of Moore’s farme within the parish of | Hatisburye but now reputed and taken to bee the glebbe lands belonginge | to the Parsonnage of Heytesbury all which tythe is worth per annum There belongeth moreover to the Parsonage of Swallowcliffe aforesaid 7 pasture for forty-nine sheepe in the common feildes downes groues and laines of Swallowcliffe and common of pasture for other cattell and com- | mon of Fuell all which is worth per annum ij. in toto 106. 15. All which premisses (that is to saye) all the prebend or parsonage of | Swallowcliffe whereof John Russell was then incumbent with all and | singular houses edifices Gleabe lands meadowes leasowes feedinges pastures ’ Salisbury first written and the altered word is not clear. ; VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXII. C 18 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. woods, underwoods commons tythes frutes, oblacions obvencions emolu- ments profitts commodities advantages and other hereditaments whatsoever with all and singular their appurtenancesvntothesaid prebend or parsonnage or to the said John Russell as Prebendarye or Parson there or by reason of the said Prebend or Parsonage belonginge or in anie wise appurteyninge or which have bynn reputed taken or knowne to be parte parcell or member of the the same or any of them (except and allwaies reserved out of this present demise and graunt one little house, gardenn and orchard and a plott of meadowe grounde thervnto adioyninge and a little Parrock and a wythy- bedd conteyning in the whole by estimation one acre of grounde be it more or lesse being parcell of the Premisses then in the tenure or occupation of John Michell or his assignes theere per Indenture dat. 20 Decembris 14 Jacobi demised by John Russell, clerke, Prebendary or Parrsonn of the Prebend or Parsonnage of Swallowcliffe in the aforesaid county of Wilts vnto Edward South of Swallowcliffe aforesaid Esquire Habendum except before excepted vnto the said Edward South his heires and assignes for _ the lives of Charles South Thomas South and Mary South sonnes and daughter of the said Edward South and the longest liver of them vnder the yearelie rent of xv". vj. viij*. at the feastes of St. Michael Tharchangell and of the Annunciation of the Virginne Marye by even porcions But are worth vppon pprovenient over and above the said rent per annum Ixxxix", viij®. iiij*. The Lessee is to repayre and discharge the Lessor and his successors from all other charges burthens and payements due and to bee due for and out of the said premisses other than such as are hereafter expressed to bee defrayed and bourne by the said Lessor and his successors. The Lessor doth covenant d&c. that it shall be lawfull-for the Lessee his heires and assignes at his and theire will and pleasure to fell cutt downe, take and carrie awaye competent and sufficient tymber groweing in and vppon the premisses for repairinge the premisses as often as need shall require duringe the tearme. The Lessor doth covenant to satisfie content beare aa paye all manner of procurations curates wages and stipends and all manner of tenthes and subsidies and duties hereafter to bee due and payable to the kinge or his successors by reason of the premisses and to acquitte and discharge and keep harmless the Lessee etc thereof dureing the tearme. If the rent bee behinde by the space of one month being lawfullie de- - maunded then to distreine and the distress to leade beare drive and carrye away and the same to keepe vuntill it bee payd and if the rent bee vnpaid by the space of three monthes_ being lawfullie asked and noe sufficient distresse vppon the premisses may bee found then a reentrie. ‘The Lessee doth covenant for the quiet enjoyeinge of the premises. One life onlie in being Mary South now the wife of Phillipp Poore of Durringhton in the county of Wiltsaged 30: Memorandum the little house garden and orchard and plott of meeddowe grounde therevnto adjoyninge an‘ a little Parrock and a wythy bedd conteyning in the whole by estimation one acre excepted and reserved out of the Lease is now held and enjoyed by Mrs. Russell widdow relict of John Russell the late Prebendarye by vertue of some deede as we are informed from her sayd late husband for the terme of her EE Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington. 19 lyfe which hath not bynn produced vnto us which is before valued at two pounds perannum Walt. Foy Joh. Squibb Chr. Meare (szc) Geo: Fairly. Exam : per Will. Webb supervisor generall. 1650. Date from endorsement. Rec’. 4 February 1649. HEYTESBURY HUNDRED. Wilts.! Rectoria de Chitturne Mary. A survey of the Rectory or Parsonage of Cetera Mary, alias Chitturne Mary with the rights members and appurtenances thereof scituate lying and beinge in the county of Wilts, late parcell of the possession or late belonginge to the late deane and chapter of the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum made and taken by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of January 1649, by vertue of a commission (&c., as before). Annual rents reserved Cleare values and Improvements per annum. There is noe Mansion or dwelling House A Barne belonging to the said Parsonage of three Bayes of Building standing and being on parcell of the Gleabe Lands belonginge to the Vicarage of Chitturne & adioyninge to the Vicarage Barne worth yeare (stc) per annum xx’. There is belonging to the said Parsonage only the Tithe of all corne and graine growen and renueinge within the said parish (except the Tithe of the Gleabe Lands belonginge to the Vicarage) which Tithe of the Parsonage aforesaid is worth per annum xlix#. All which premisses, That is to saye all that theire Rectory or Parsonage — _ of Cetera Mary alias Chitturne Mary in the Countye of Wilts, with all and _ singuler Tenths, fruits, oblacions obvencions meadowes Feedings commons _ rights and appurtenances whatsoever to the said Rectory and parsonage | apperteyneinge,or in any wise belonginge were by indenture dated 3° Apriles 13°Jacobi demised by the Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum vnto Jourdaine Slade of Chitturne in the County of Wilts Habendum to the said Jourdaine Slade his heires and assignes for the lives of Christopher Slade Jourdaine Slade and Edward | Redditus v". Slade, his three sonnes vnder the yearly rent of v4. at the feast of St. Michaell the Archangell and the | annunciation of the Virgin Mary by equall porcions. But are worth vpon | Improvement, over and above the said Rent per annum xlv". The Lessee doth covenant the dwellinge houses and buildings of the said . Rectory and the Chauncell of the Church of Chitturne Mary in all nesecary (sec) reparacions to repaire and maintaine dureinge the ‘earme and leave | it well repaired at the ende of the Tearme. The Lessors at their owne costes and expences shall pay beare & susteine / all other burthenes ordinary and extraordinary happeninge to the said Rectory dureinge the Terme. If the Rent be behinde by the space of three | monethes then a Reentry. Christopher Slade aged 45 only liveing. Walt. | Foy Jo: Squibb Chr. Weare Geo: Fairley. Ex’ per Will. Webb supervisor _ Generall. 1 Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. XV., p. 177. 20 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50 Wiltes.' Rectoria de Haytesbury & Knooke. A survey of those Benefices or parsonages and mannour of Haytesbury and Knooke with all the Rights members and appurtenances thereof together with certaine lands granted by Lease to severall persons sett lyeinge and beinge in the county of Wilts late parcell of the possessions or late belonginge to John Bowle © Clarke Doctor of Divinity late Deane of the Cathedral] Church of Sarum and parson of the parish Churche of Haytesbury and Knooke in Comitatu > Wilts. aforesaid, made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto sub- scribed in the monethe of Januarye, 1649. By vertue of a commission (&c., as before). : There is belonging to the said parsonage the Tythe of all corne and graine and all other Tithes of what nature or kinde soever they be ariseing groweinge and reneweinge within the saide parishe of Haytesbury (saueing only the Tithes which is renewinge & groweing out of and vpon the landes before mencioned and particularly sett downe as Glebe Lands the Tythe whereof is due and payable and soe hath beene tyme out of minde to the prebendarye for the tyme beinge or his Lessee of the Prebend of Swallowcliffe in Com Wilts) whiche Tithe before mencioned to be belonginge to the parishe of Haytsbury is worth per annum cc? All which premisses (amoungst other things) That is to saye all those benefices or parsonages of Haytesbury and Knooke with all and all manner of Rents as well of Freeholders as Coppye holders there, Tythes Fruites oblacions, obvencions, howses, barnes stables, orchards gardens proffitts emoluments Lands Tenements and hereditaments meadowes pastures — -Feedinges Fisheinges, cammons Comodityes and advantages whatsoever with all and singuler their appurtenances tothe said Benefices or parsonages — or either of them belonginge or in any wise appertaineinge, or which! — therevnto of right ought or hath belonged or appertayned (All Herriotts Fines amerciaments wayffes strays ale weights withe advowsons of all pre- bends there dureinge all the terme hereafter mencioned by the Deane and his successors alwaies excepted and reserved) were by indenture dated 15 December 1 Caroli demised by John Bowle Clarke Doctor of Divinity, the Deane of the Cathedrall Churche of Sarum and parson of Hatesbury and Knooke in Comitatu Wilts vnto Thomas Moore of Hatesbury in the said county Esq’. Habendum the premisses (except Redditus xl.™. before excepted) vnto the said Thomas Moore from ~ Apporcioned viz' the date, for the Lives of Jesper Moore, Rachell ‘To the Lands 18. 00. 00 Moore and Grace Moore his three children and the To the Tithes 22. 00.00 longest liver of them vnder the yearly rent of xl." — payable at Feast of the Annunciacion of the Virgin In toto 40. 00. 00. Mary and S*. Michaell the Arkangell by even Dec’. 2. Will. Webb. porcions. But are worth vpon improvement over 1650 and above the said Rent perannum CClxx". v4. If the Rent bee vnpaid by the space of two monethes beinge lawfully © asked and noe sufficient distresse to bee found then a Reentrye. The Lessee doth covenant for himselfe &c at his owne charges and expences 1 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 289—293. 1 MS. ‘ withe.” Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EF. J, Bodington. 21 dureinge the Terme to pay the preist’s wages and to repaire all the chaun- cells and bridges boundes howses and buildings, belonginge to the said parsonages, and alsoe beare and support all other charges ordinarye and extraordinarye due and goeinge out of the premises except Dismes and subsidies, which the said Deane and his successors are to beare and support. The Lessee doth covenant &c. with the Lessor etc. That the Lessor and his Successors officers and servants maye at all tymes come into the mannor or parsonage howse of Hatesbury to keepe his Courtes & exercise jurisdiction there. The Lives are allin beinge. Jesper aged 31 yeares & Grace 27. An Abstract of the present Rents and future Improvements and all other proffitts of the said Parsonages Benefices and mannour of Haytesbury & Knooke. The reserved Rent vppon the said Parsonages and Weunsur payable by the Lessee due to the estate is perannum xl". The Rents of Assize or the Rents of the Leasehold and coppyehold Tennantes now in graunt to the Lessee are per annum iij!., v*% v4, The Improvement of the Rectorye togethere with the said yearlye rent reserved is perannum COCix", xix®. v4, The Improvement of the Coppiehold Tennants for Lives over and above | the yearly rents reserved are per annum xxvj", The Improvement of the Leasehold Land enjoyed and held Immediately from and by the graunt of the late Deane by two severall Indentures of Lease and mencioned in the pages before the memorandums in the surveye, together with there severall respective. Rents reserved is per annum xxvij'. Returned (amoungst other things) to the Registers Office for keepinge the Surveys for Deanes and Chapters lands the 4'* Feb’. 1649 bye Walt. Foye. Chr. Weare John ae Geo. Faireley surveyors. Ex’ ka: Hall Regist | Dept. - Wilts! Rectoria de Hilldeverell A survey of the Prebend and | Parsonage of Hilldeverill alias Hilldewerell in Com. Wilts with the rights | members and appurtenances thereof late parcell of the possessions or late be- _ longinge to Thomas Coles Clerke one of the Prebendaryes of the Cathedrall Church of-the Virgin Mary of Sarum made and taken by us whose names _are hereunto subscribed in the moneth of January 1649 by vertue of a commission (&c., as above). Annual rents reserved Cleare values & improvements per annum. A certain parcell of ground lying and being in Hilldeverill whereon formerly stood the parsonage or Prebend House & other housinge long since wholely demolished conteyning by estimation 00. 03. xiij® iiij% One close of pasture adioyning to Haitesbury Churchyard belonging to the Parsonage conteyning by estimation 01. 00. COOE) Totall number of Acres 01. 03, There is belonginge to the said Prebend one? parsonage all manner of | Tythes arrising or growinge within the s*. parishe (vizt.) the Tythe of all | corne and graine, Hey wool Lambe wood & all other small & privy tythes | all which are worth per annum Ixxxxv't. 1 Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 184—186. 2 sec 2 “and” meant. 22 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. All which premisses (that is to say) all that the Prebend and Parsonage of Huldeverell alias Hylldeverell with the appurtenances in Com. Wilts with all houses edifices buildings barnes stables orchards gardens lands meadows leasues pastures commons commons of pasture and all and all man- ner of tythes offrings oblacions obvencions pencions, and porcions fruites profittes commodityes advantages emolumentes hereditamentes whatsoever | with all and singular thappurtenances to the said prebend & parsonage belonging or apperteyning or accepted reputed or taken as parte parcell or member thereof or any parte thereof or occupied or enioyed with the same or.to or with any parte or parcell thereof weere by indenture bearinge date decimo Octobris 2° Caroli demised by Thomas Clarke prebendary of the Prebend or Parsonage of Hulldeverell alias Hilldeverill in the County of Wilts founded in the Church of Haitresbury in the said County of Wilts vnto Henry Ludlowe of Tadley in the County of Southampton Esquire Habendum to him his heires and assignes from thenceforth for the naturall lives of Henry Ludlowe William Ludlowe & George Ludlowe his three sonnes & the longest liver of them vnder the yearely rent of tenn pounds at the feasts of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary and S' Michael} Tharchangell by even porcions but are worth pon Improvement over & above the s*. rent per annum IJxxxviij! iij8 11139. If the rent be behinde by the space of one and twenty dayes bane lawfully demaunded at the parish Church of Hulldeverell afores*. then a forfeiture of xx.s. for every xx} dayes toties quoties nomine pene. And that at all tymes after it shal be lawfull for the Lessee his successors and agsignes or any of them to enter and distreine upon the premisses or any parte thereof as well for the s* rent and arrearages thereof as alsoe for all and every the s‘ summe & summes of xx’. to be forfeited as aforesaid nomine pene & the distresses there soe taken & had to lead drive cary away impark & impound and in pound to deteyne and keepe vutill the same be paid. The Lessee doth covenant to erect sett vp and build or cause to be erected and built at his owne proper costes and charges in and vpon the said Parsonage where the old house stood a convenient Parsonage house for the Prebend to dwell in and also one barne and stable fitt for his necessary vse and vses at or before the end and expiration of seaven yeares next ensuenge the date of the said Indenture and that in the meane tyme the said Lessee his heires and assignes shall save harmless and defende the successors executors administrators and every of them from all manner of actions suites‘in lawe troubles and damage whatsoever that may or shall arise or be commenced against the said Lessor Wc for or by reason of delapi- dations or letting downe of the ancient parsonage house barne or other ~ houses thereunto belonginge. The Lessee doth covenant to repaire the Premisses etc. And the channcell of the Parish Church of Hilldeverill aforesaid and to pay beare and discharge dureng the said terme all and all manner of subsidies tenths procurations — pencions and all other ancient charges ordinarye and extraordinarye what- — soever they be which shall happen at any tyme dureing the s¢ terme to be payable issueing or due out of the premisses or any parte thereof, If it grow not, or (stc) not charged, or not chargeable by any act or thing made Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington. 23 or done by the s*. Lessee either to the King his heires or successors or to the Bishopp deane or Archdeacon of the diocese of [the] same place for the tyme beinge and thereof and every part thereof shall from tyme to tyme & at all tymes then after acquitte discharge and save harmlesse the s*, Lessor & his Successors etc dureinge the terme The Lessee doth covenant &c at his owne proper costes dureinge the terme to finde and maintaine an able man to serve and discharge the cure of the s* Prebend, parsonage and benefice and thereof to discharge and save harmless the Lessor & his successors dureing the s*, terme The Lessor doth covenant &c that dureing the s“. terme if hee shall soe longe live not att any tyme then after [to] resigne yeild upp forfeite or give over thes*. Prebend or Parsonage of Hill deverill and premisses or any part thereof without the Lycence consent and agreement of the Lessee his heires etc. Thervnto in writing under his or their handes & seales first had and obteyned except it be to the intent to procure to be brought into the s*. prebend or Benefice any sonne of the s*. Lessor when hee shalbe capable therevnto : _ The Lessor doth covenant not to do any acte or thinge wittingly or willingly whereby the Premisses may become void evicted, or taken from the -s“ Thomas Coles the Lessor, or hee thereof become not parson or Prebendary ‘or be by any meanes putt from the s‘. Prebend or parsonage dureing the terme before demised or whereby the Lessee or his assignes shall or may | loose any parte of the tithes or profittes of the said Prebend & Parsonage or | not have and enjoy the same according to the true intent & meaning of the 8%. demise except it be by resignation to the intent a sonne of the Lessor | may come to be presented to the said Prebend or Parsonage as aforesaid. | Two lives in beinge William Ludlowe aged 28 George Ludlowe aged 26. | Walt. Foy Jo: Squibb Chr. Weare Geo Faireley Ex: per Willm. Webb “supervisor Generall, 1650. Date from endorsement Rec. 4 Feb. 1649. & transmitted to the surveyor general the same day. | Wilts! Rectory of Immer. A survey of the mannor lordshipp and parsonage of Immer with all the rights members and appurtenances thereof situate lying and being in the county of Wilts late parcell of the possessions _or late belonging to Richard Bayley Doctor of Divinity and Deane of the -Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum made and taken by vs | whose names are herevnto.subscribed in the moneth of January 1649. By virtue of a commission (&c. as above). All which premisses amongest other things that is tosay All the mannor, Lordshipp and Parsonage of Immer with all the rights members and appurtenances to the same mannor lordshipp or Parsonage or any of them belonging or appertayneing being parcells of the possessions of the Deane ‘and chapter of Sarum Togeather with all and singular mills howses, build- ings lands pastures meadowes Feadings, Gleabe lands pencions porcions j rents revercions and services and Rents charge Rents secke and rents upon | whatsoever Demise or graunt they be reserved, Annul- | Redditus tyes, annuall Rents Fee Farmes, waters Fishings, Woods pete 183, + yo, and underwoods Courts Leets Profitts of Courts, ‘ Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 326—330. 24 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649 —50. Furses Heaths commons moores marshes wayes, wast grounds, viewes of Franckpledge and all that doth to the view of Francke- pledge doth belong or that hereafter shall or may appertayne or belonge, knights fees Wards Marriages Escheates Releifes Herryotts, Fayres, Mar- ketts Tolls Customes Warrens Parkes Chases Libertyes Fynes Amercia- ments, Villanes bondmen and their sequell goods and chattells of Fellons Waves strayes goods and chattells of Fellons! emoluments and profitts and all other hereditaments with their appurtenances whatever to the sayd mannor Lordshipp and parsonage hereby demised or any of them belonging or appertayneing, or that before that tyme have been accepted used reputed and taken as part member or parcell of the sayd Mannor Lordshipp and parsonage hereby demised or any of them sett lying and being in Immer aforesayde in the sayde. County of Wilts, were by Indenture dated the Five and Twentyeth of June 12" Carol, demised by Richard Bayly Doctor - of Divinity and Deane of the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of — New Sarum in the County of Wilts and the Chapter of the same Church vuto Richard Hulbert of Immer in the sayde County gentleman Habendum to the said Richard Hulbert under the yearly rent of Twenty two pounds eighteene shillings and five pence at the Feast of St Mychaell the Archangel] and the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary by even portions at the greate West dore of the Cathedrall Church of New Sarum aforesayde, But are worth upon Improvement over and above the sayde Rent per annum ssii, 008. 05%, If the Rent be behynde by the space of Foure score and Tenn dayes then - | a Reentry. The Lessee is to repayre and to give notice of the several deceases of either of the lives before mencioned ? within six moneths after, if each of them happen to dye within the Realme of England vnto the Lessors his _ guccessors etc And in default of such notice given to paye unto the Lessor etc Twenty pounds within seaven moneths after their severall deceases respectively. A Covenant for quiett enjoyeing. The lives all in being Richard Hulbert aged thirty six Honor aged thirty three and James one and twenty. The premisses graunted by coppy to Susan Stileman are not disposeable — and therefore the present Rent thereon reserved must be deducted out of the whole reserved Rent. And then the Mannor and Farme will have cleare © of itselfe thus : 221, 18°. 057. The present Rent reserved, the Tyth of foure pounds ~ per annum being deducted wilbe eighteen pounds eighteene shillings five pence And the improvement over and above the sayde Rent which wilbe as a reversion after the Lessees terme wilbe per annum nynety two pounds five pence xcij!. v4. And the [mprovement of the several] coppyholds for lives after the terme which the Lessee hath power to grant which is three lives at any time — dureing his owne terme besides the Twenty foure pounds per annum granted to Susan Stileman aforesaid will be per annum 102%, 10. 00. 1“ Felons de se” appears to be meant according to the usual liberties of a Manor. 2 sc but not mentioned above. : Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon L. J. Bodington. 20 The Tythe thus. Present Rent foure pounds. Improvement Twenty foure pounds. March 19'> 1649. Will. Webb 1649. An abstract of the present Rents future Improvements and all other profits of the Mannor and Rectory of Immer The reserued Rent upon the Lease payeable by the Lessee being the only present proffitts ariseing to the State is per annum 22. 18. 08. The Rents of Assize or the Rents of the Coppyhold Tennants togeather with all profits & perquisites within the sayde Mannor to the Royalty thereof apperteyneing perannum 14. 03. 10. The Improvement of the leasehold lands together: with the Rents of Assize and Royalties & the aforesaid Rent reserued is per annum 110; 18; 00. The Improvement of the Coppyhold lands over & above the Rents re- serued ig perannum 126. 10. 00. ~ Summe Totall of future Improvements is per annum 237. 08. 05. — Walter Foy Jo. Squibb Chr. Weare Geo: Fairely, Surveyors. Ex, per Will Webb supervisor generall 1650. Ex*. Ra: Hall Regist. Dept. Date from endorsement Rec’. 4 February 1649. Wilts.’ Rectoria de Titherington et de Horningsham. A sur- vey of the prebend or parsonage of the moyety or halfe deale of the Pre- bends or parsonages of Titherington & Hornisham alias Tyderington and Horningsham late belonging to Edward Hide clerk late Prebendary or ‘Parson of the one halfe or moyety of the Prebendes or Parsonages of Tytherington & Hornisham aforesaid with the rights members & appur- tenances thereof which Prebend is belonging to the collegiate church of 'Haytesbury in Comitatu Wiltes and was late parcell of the possessions or late belonging to the Deane for the tyme beinge of the Cathedrall ‘Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum made & taken by vs whose names are hherevnto subscribed in the moneth of January 1649 by virtue of a com- mission (&c. as above). Annual rents reserved. Cleare values & improvements per annum. Hornisham Prebend. ‘There is no Parsonage House, Barne nor Housinge. The Glebe Landes. One close of Arrable and pasture called the Parsonage Parrocke haveing a peece of twenty acres of the Parsonage larrable ground on the east side thereof called twenty acres, & having a ipiece of arrable land of four acres of the Parsonage ground on the north side thereof containing per estimacion 02. 00 xx‘. | One close of Pasture called by the name of Breinge haveinge the higway (sec) leading to Deverell longbridge on the south side thereof and haveinge a ground of the Widdow Cholse on the east haveing the said highway alsoe jon the north parte & the ground of William Style on the west containing per estimation 12. 00. iiijh _ One peece of Arr. ground lying in one peece in the Common Feildes of ‘Hornisham next adioyning to a close called the Parsonage Parrocke which is called the Parsonage Land containing per estimacion 20. 00 yi, ' Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., p. 208. 26 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. One parcell of Arr : land lying in Mr. Arrundells feildes within the parish of Hornisham called Nuttbury containing per estimacion 01—02 xe Totall number of Acres 385. 02. Seda Go There is belonging tothe said Parish all the Tythe of corne of all sortes of graine growen within the same parish which is worth communibus annis perannum xl! There is alsoe belonging to the said Parsonage all the tythe Hey most of which payeth a stint & custome tythe of the said parish, valent communi- bus annis per annum v'. S". James Thynn prayeth for all his tythes a custome rent of 4%. per annum which is for 400 acres of meadow and pasture lying in Longleet Parke in the said Parish iiij’. There is belonging alsoe to the said parsonage all the tythe of Wooll & Lambe of the said parish which communibus annis valent per annum 11)". All other small tythes arising within the said parish belongeth alsoe to the said Parsonage et valent communibus Annis per annum iij!. 51" o4s. O The Prebend of Tytherington. There is noe Parsonage House nor Barne Stable or Orchard. The Gleabe Lands. One House in Haytesbury with a garden orchard and backside therevnto belonging called and knowne by the name of the Prebend House now in the tenure of Edmond Perry containing per esti- mation 00. 02 XX?. Certaine parcells of Arr: land lyeing dispersedly in the common feildes of ‘Titherington called by the name of aos east lowe feild cont. per esti- mation 06. 00. xxx®. Certayne parcells of arrable land lying dispersedly in the common feildes of Tytherington called by the name of the East Hill feild containing per estimation 08. 00. in| Certaine parcells of arr: land lying dispersedly in the common feilds of of Titherington called by the name of Shortburge conteining by estimation 08.00 144, Certaine parsells a Arrable land lyinge dispersedly in ye common feildes of Titherington lying vpon the West side of Old Drove con- taining per estimation 04. 00 XXVj*. V1ij4. Certaine parcells of Arr. land lying dispersedly in the common feild of Titherington comm oily called Downe hedge, containing per estimation 04. 00 = xxvjé. viij4. A parcell of Arr. land lyeing dispersedly in the common feildes of Tyth- enugous commonly called Chickes hedge Cominiate per estimation 02.00 | OU a RUNS | A parcell of free land lyeng dispersedly in the common feildes of Tyth- | erington egnnnonly called Willis head conteining per estimation 04, 00 | XXvj*. viij*. A parcell of Arrable land lying dispersedly in the Common feildes of Tytherington commonly called White landes containing per estimation | 05. 00 XXv’*. Totall number of acres 41.02. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EH. J. Bodington. 27 There is belonging to the said Parsonage the tythe of all corn and grayne & all other tythes whatsoever arising there worth per annum 1", All which premisses (that is to say all that the Prebend or parsonage of the Moyety or halfendeale of the Prebendes or Parsonages of Tytherington & Horningsham alias Tiderington & Hornisham whereof Edward Hyde clarke was then Incumbent with all & singuler Houses Edifices build- ings gleabe lands meadowes leasues pastures feedings woods vnderwoods commons tythes fruits oblacions obventions emolumentes profitts commo- dityes advantages & other hereditamentes whatsoever with all & singuler the appurtenances to the said Moyety or halfendeale of the said Prebendes or Parsonages or to the said Edward Hide by reason of the said Prebend 'or Parsonage belonging or in any wise appertaining or which have been re- puted taken or knowne to be parte parcell or member of the same or of any | parte or parcell thereof were by Indenture dated 13° Januarij 1°. Caroli demised by Edward Hide Clarke Prebendary or Parson of the one half or | moyety of the Prebends or Parsonages of 'Tytherington & Horningsham in | the county of Wilts vnto Richard Crowch of Titherington aforesaid yeo- iman Habendum to him his heires and assignes for the naturall lives of the said Rich: Crowch & of Mary Crowch his daughter & Redditus xvj" of Tristram Peirce son of William Peirce of Ashton & the longest liver of them vnder the yearly rent of xvj'' at the hae of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary & S'. Michaell tharkangell | by even porcions But are worth vpon Improvement over and above the said ‘Rent per annum cvi™!, ij’. 134, __ If the rent be behinde by the space of three monethes being lawfully de- ‘maunded & noe sufficient distresse vpon the premisses then a re-entry. ' The Lessee doth covenant for himself etc at his and their owne proper costes and charges as well the Moyetyes of the Chancells of Tytherington '& Horningsham aforesaid as alsoe all houses edifices buildings hedges ditches fences and Inclosures of the premisses or any part thereof in and ‘by all things well & sufficiently to repaire susteyne and mayntaine dureing the terme takeing from tyme to tyme Tent tymber for the same grow- ing from the premisses. The Lessor doth covenant dureng the terme to beare pay and discharge all and everie summe & summes of money & all other charges ordinary and }extraordinary whatsoever which shalbe due to the king his heires & suc- cessors, or to the ordinary or ordinaryes of the same place or to y* Curate }or Curates or any other person or persons whatsoever or by reason of the _premisses or any parte thereof or whereby it shalbe by any wayes or meanes | be charged dureing the said terme And thereof and of every parte thereof and of the serveing of cures as well the said Lessee his executors etc as alsoe the premisses and every parte thereof shall exonerate and discharge )dureng the terme and further that the said lessee his heires etc dureing the terme under the said yearly rent & covenantes on his part to be per- formed may quiettly enjoy the premises without any lett or eviction of the ‘Lessor his successors &c or any or any! other person lawfully clayming Or any persons apparently meant here. 28 | The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. vnder him. ‘Two lives in being Richard Crowch aged 47 & Mary twenty- five Wee finde that the estate of the premisses is still in Richard Crowch the Lessee. Walt’ Foy Joh: Squibb Chr. Weare Geo: Fairley Ex‘. per William Webb, Supervisor Generall. Date from endorsement Rec‘. 4 Feb. 1649. : HIGHWORTH HUNDRED. Wilts.| Rectoria de Cricklade St. Sampsons. A Survey of the Prebend Rectorie or Parsonage of Cricklade S**Samsons within the parrish of Cricklade aforesaide in the County of Wilts, with the rights members and appurtenances thereof late parcel of the possessions or late belonging to one of the Prebendaries of the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Marie of Sarum in Com. Wilts made and taken by us whose names are hereunto subscribed in the month of December, 1649 by vertue of a commission (dc., as above). : Annual rents reserved. All that Mansion or Ympropriate Parsonage house consistinge of a Kitchen a Hall a Parlour a Butterie, a milk house a larder fowre chambers a barne of six bayes of buildinge a stable & oxhouse of foure bayes a wainhouse two gardens a courtyard and a Rickbarton cont. by estimation 01. 00. nis, . One close of pasture adioyning to the premisses called the Home Close cont, per estimation 07. OU. ix, vj. viijé. One close of pasture called Pett close haveing a Lane dividing it from the ~ said close called Home close on the north cont. per estimation 09, 00. xij". One close of pasture lying on the north syde of the barne called Culverhey — cont. per estimation 07. 00. ix, vj*. viijé. One close of pasture called Hillclose having a close called Brownes on the north side thereof containing per estimation 09. 02. ix Ke One close of pasture called Dudgmore lately enclosed out of a common moore called Dudgmore Cont. per estimation 4 acres to w*" alsoe belongeth 12 beastes pastures in Dudgmore aforesaid 04. 26 perches. ij. Certaine parcells of ground lyinge in Kinges Marsh alias South meade called by the name of Tythe acres cont. per estimacion 27. 00. x, x’*. Certaine parcells of groundes or Laynes vsed for meadow viz'. one acre lyinge in Water furlonge and 2 acres in a place called the Hitchin in the © common feildes of Cricklade mowen two yeares in three yeares cont: per estimation 03. 00. xxvj*. viij*. Certaine parcells of Arr. land lying dispersedly in a feild called Furfeild within the parrish of Cricklade cont: per estimation 06. 00. Ex", Certeine parcells of. arrable in the middle there lyinge dispersedly cont. — per estimation 6 acres. viz'3 acres above Ridgeway & 3 acres below Ridgway 06. 00. MOOK Certaine parcells of arrable land lyinge dispersedly in a feild called Read landes, cont. per estimation 02. 00. xs Certaine parcells: of arrable land lying in a common feild called the — Hitchin feild cont. per estimation 02. 00. x. 1 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 179—180. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EB. J. Bodington. 29 Certaine parcells of arrable land lyinge in a common called the Spittle cont: per estimation 03. 00. xv*, Totall nomber of acres 86. 2. 26 perches. Ixiij'i, xv®. There is also belonging to the said Parsonage the Tythe of all corne and Graine within the said parrish (except of the Glebe which payeth.tythe to the Viccar The which tythe corne payable to the parson valet per annum lxxx!), There is also payable to the said parsonage al Tythe hey of the said parrish (except of the said Glebe) which is vallued communibus annis per annum = lxxx!, Wee find the premisses to bee in the tenure and possession [His titletobe of Thomas Hodges Esquire but hath not produced any made good.] lease or graunt thereof vnto vs. Mr. Hodges his Lease of the premisses is entred in the Survey of the mannor of Cricklade alias Abingdon Court beinge both graunted in one demise to the said Mr. Hodges and the aportioned rent for the parsonage with the appurtenances returned in this survey is perannum ix", .x*, j4. ob. xt x8! 4. ob. Memorandum. The advowson right of patronage and presentation to the viccarage of St. Sampson in Cricklade did belonge to the Prebendarie ‘of the said Prebend . nowe tothe State The Viccarage there is worth per annum Cli. The present Incumbent there is Mr. Andrewe Lynn. Wat. Foy Jo: Squibb. Chr. Weare. Exam: per Will. Webb supervisor generall. 1649 Date from endorsement. Recept. 14° Jan 1649 KINGSBRIDGE HUNDRED. Rectoria de Wonbrowe co. Wilts.’ A survey of the Rectory of | Wanborough in Com. Wilts with the rights members and appurtenances | thereof late parcell of the possessions belonging to the late Dean & Chapter ‘of the Cathedrall Church of the Holy Trinity of Winchester made'and taken by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of September | 1649 by vertue of a commission (&c., as above). | The reserved rent due to the Lord out of the rectory is per annum twenty |poundes xx", per annum. __ There is likekewise entertainment or 11)". imetend thereof reserved by the lease to the Lord per annum three poundes _iij', The Mansion house of the s* Rectory consisteth of a hall a parlour two kitchens two butteryes a daryhouse eight chambers a Barne a stable a carthouse one orchard a hoppyard conteins in the whole one acre w‘*. we | value worth per annum five poundes v". | The Gleabe land belonging to the said Rectory being foure yard landes |} and a halfe lying as followeth (viz‘.) one close called Inlandes conteyning vij acres of pasture inclosed wee value at xx‘. amounting to per annum Oy. 00, vijt | ‘Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVI., pp. 292—294. DO ey The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. One Close of Pasture inclosed called Clend Haies conteyning one acre & a halfe wee value at xx®. the acre amounting to per annum thirty shillings Ol. 02. Xxx*, In Westfeild three acres of meadow or Layne w“ wee value at xiij®. 111j*. the acre amounting to per annum forty shillings 03. 00. Kale: In the same Westfeild five acres of Arr: which wee value at five shillings the acre amounting to per annum twenty five shillings 05. 00. © xxv*. In the East feild thirty three acres & one Rood of Arrable w‘" wee value at 5°. the acre qmoUnelne to per annum eight pounds six shillings & three pence 033. 00. WA es A In a feild called Corne Marsh three acres & one Rood of arr, w*". wee value at v’. the acre amounting to per annum sixteene shillings ehaes pence ORL Oe Kvyjes wd. In a feild called Berrycroft eight acres of arrable w°" wee value at five shillings the acre amounting to per annum forty shillings 08. 00. xe One Cottage in the tenure of William Eyles consisting of a house and backside a little hopp yard & a small close cont : per.estimation three Roods & two cow leases w‘" wee value worth per annum two poundes tenn shillings One. IB, One house garden and close in the tenure of William Warren conteining by estimation one acre and one cow lease there vnto belonging wee value worth per annum three pounds 1. 0. Vie In a feild above hill twenty acres of arrable which wee value at three shillings fourpence per acre amounting to per annum three poundes six shillings eight pence 20. 00. 1a aval viij*. _ There belongeth to the said Rectory the goeng of twenty three cowes or horses in the commen of Wenbaro veh w*> wee value worth per annum Qe xl ety) ce Wie = ange ay © The ffarmour of the s*. rectory hath all Tythe Corne and hey within the parish of Wanborough (excepting the tythe of Earlescott and the hide feild belonging to the Viccar) w*" wee value worth communibus annis one hun- dred thirty five poundes twelve shillinges six pence Oxxxv, xij’, vj4. Totall of the values of the said Rectory etc. amountes to per annum Clxxx!t. The improvement of the said Rectory the reserved rent of twenty three poundes payable to the lord and xx*. payable to the Viccar in the lease expressed being reducted amount to one hundred fifty six pounds per annum Clvj". An Indenture of Lease dat. 20 Novemb. xv. Car. demising to Henry Hodges all their Rectory & Parsonage of Wanborough And alsoe their Mansion house of the Parsonage barnes stables dove houses, and all other houses buildings gardens orchardes Gleabe landes and all other landes tenementes rentes reversions services tythes oblacions fruites obvencions casuallityes profittes commodityes & advantages And all fines heriotts amerciamentes perquisites of courtes to the said Rectory or to the said Deane chapter & their successors belonging (except & always reserved to — the said deane etc the advowson guift patronage & presentacion of the viccaridge of Wanborough as often as it shall happen to be voyd (except also all such tythes & duties as to the Viccar there be due and belong — Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington. 31 Habendum ete with all & singuler the premisses except before excepted) from Michaelmas last past for the terme of twentyone yeares vnder the re- served yearly rent of xx". at St Thomas the Apostle & St. John Baptist by equal porcions and yeilding and paying to the viccar of Wanborough yearly xx". at Michaelmas, onely the Lessee covenanteth to repaire the chappell of the said Rectory & all the premisses at his own proper cost & charges The Lessee twice in the yeare by covenant to finde the said Deane his Re- ceavour or any other the Prebend & their successours and his and their servantes ete coming to the said Parsonage on their prograce sufficient Mans meat & Horsemeate for one day and night & if the said deane etc come but once in the yeare then the lessee to pay to said deane &c xl.s. in lieu of the second entertaynment & if they come not at all in the year then the Lessee to pay three poundes instead thereof. ‘he Lessor covenanteth to save harmlesse the Lessee dureing the said Terme & discharge him from the paym' of the yearly tenth due to the king out of the premisses & if the _ yearlie rent be behinde xl. dayes or the said xx* to the Viccar then this _ Indenture to be voyd etc. Henry Hodges gent: present tenant to the said | Rectory. There was twelve yeares of the saide terme to come the 29' of Sept. 1649. The Right of presentation of the Viccar of the parish of Wanborough hath formerly bin in the Deane & chapter of Wynton being _ worth Communibus annis 100%. which ariseth out of tythes wooll tythe lamb the tyth corne of Escott & the hide feild & other small tythes The | present Incumbent M’. John Harwood presented therevnto by the Deane _& Chapter above xx yeares since. Robt: Voyse Edward Hooker Jam. | Inarkes Fran. Hodges. Will. Webb supervisor generall 1644. KINGWARDSTONE HUNDRED. Wilts' Rectoria de Burbage. A Survey of the Prebend Rectorie _and Impropriate parsonage of Burbage with the rights members and ap- purtenances sett lyinge and beinge in Comit. Wiltes late parcel of the possessions or late belonging to the Cathedrall Church of the Virgin Mary of Sarum made and taken in the monethe of March 1649. By vs whose names are herevnto subscribed, By vertue of a commission (&e.). | There is due and payable to the impropriate Rectorie or parsonage of _ Burbage aforesaid, The tythes of all corne and sorts of graine which is payable within the said parishe, which is out of 48 yard lands (The Farme of Woollfull beinge the Marquis of Hartfords only excepted which is 7 _yard lands it being exempted from payment of any corne to the parsonage), so the Tithe corne is onlye ariseinge out of 41 yard lands. There is algoe payable to the said Parsonage all the Tithe hey of the said parishe of Burbage which is of about 80 acres All which Tithe is worth per annum cxx" The advowson right of Patronage and presentation to the vicaridge of | Burbage aforesaid is in the State, it formerly belonginge to the Prebendary | of the late Prebend for the time beinge. | The viccaridge there now Roofeles the dwellinge howse beinge wholly * Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., p. 243. 32 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. decayed and fallen downe hauvinge only a poore Barne and stable of 3 bayes of Buildinge, an orchard garden and backside containing in toto 3 ~ roodes and Foure acres of arrable Land lyinge in the common Southfeild of the said parish called Fox Acres, and the small Tithes, due and pay- able to the Viccar there, and the Tithe of all Titheable coppices worth per annum xii, The present Incumbent there is i: Thomas Taylor who officiates the cure by virtue of an order from the committee of the Countye of Wilts The said Rectorye and Parsonage aforesaid is now in hand and belongeth to the State. Returned (amongest other things) to the Regist™. Office for keeping the Surveys of Deane and Chapters Lands the 7th May 1650, by Walt Foye: Chr. Ware John Squibb: Geo. Fairley Surveyors . Ex? Ra: Hall Regist. Dept. . Wilts.! Rectoria de Chute. A survey of the Rectory and impro- priate parsonage of Chute with thappurtenances thereof in Com. Wilts late parcell of the possessions or late belonginge to the late Prebendary of the Prebend of Chesinbury and Chute being parcell of the said Prebend — founded in the Cathedrall Church of the Virgine Mary of Sarum madeand ~ taken in the moneth of March 1650. By vs whose names are hereunto sub- scribed by virtue of a commission (&c. as above). There belongs to the said Parsonage the tythe of all Corne and Graine, groweinge and reneweinge yearely within the said parrishe and the tithe of all Coppice Wood, all which Tythe is worth per annum cxxxilij!. 1%. vj% All which premisses, That is to say, All that the parsonage and porcion of the Prebend of Chesinbury and Chute alias Chesingbury and Chute lyeinge and beinge within the Parrishe of Chute and alsoe all and all manner of Howses, Edifices buildinges, l'ythes Meadowes, Leasues, pastures Lands tenements, and hereditaments with all other appurtenances whatsoever they be to the sayde parsonage and porcion of the sayde Prebend belong- inge or in any wise appertayneinge (excepted alwayes and reserved vnto Edward Hutchins Prebendary and his successors all manner of Timber .- Trees, and also the Advowson collacion and presentacion of the viccaridge of Chute aforesayd when and as often as the sayde viccaridge shalbee voyde) was per Indenturam datam 13° Maii 15. Jacobi demised by Edward Hutchins clarke Prebendary of the Prebend of Chesinbury and Chute in the Cathedrall Church of Sarum in Com. Wilts vnto Richard Sotwell of Chute aforesayde in the sayde Countye Gent: Habendum (except before — excepted) vnto the sayde Richard Sotwell, his Redditus heires and assignes for and dureinge the lives of — xiij#, vj*. viij*, him the sayde Richard Sotwell, and of Roberte apporcioned viz' Sotwell the younger his Nephewe and Ann Lands Oi. 06. 08. Richards, daughter of William Richards of Chute © Tythes 12. 00. 00. aforesayde, and the longest liuer of them under = the yearly rent of xiij". vj*. viij*. at the Feasts of 13. 06. 08. St. Michaell tharkangell and thannunciation of Will. Webb 1651. June the Virgine Marye by euen porcions. But are 24th worth vppon Improuement over and above the sayde Rent perannum Cxxxvj". xiij®. iiij*. | ‘Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XV., pp 263—267. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon L. J. Bodington. 33 The Lessee doth covenante that either hee.or one of the Liues before mencioned shall inhabite or keepe theire howsehold in the sayde mancion of the sayde porcion of the sayde Prebende or else shall keeps some suffi- ciente Tenante to keepe fire and howsehold there dureinge the terme, and alsoe to repaire the chauncell of the Parrish Church of Chute and the Par- sonage house with thappurtenances. The Lessor doth covenante to paye and discharge all manner of Tenthes subsidies and other payements whatesoever due or to bee due to the Kinge or his successors for or by reason of the premisses, and alsoe all other summes which shal bee due to the Deane of Sarum or his successors as alsoe which shalbee due to the Viccars Choralls of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum &c. If the sayde yearely Rent bee vnpayde for the space of 404 dayes beeinge lawfully asked then to forfeite 40°. for every moneth as the same Rent shall bee vnpayd nomine pence and a Reentry vntill the sayde yearely Rent to- gether with tharrearages and euery summe or summes of 40 shillings as aforesayde bee fully satisfied and paid. : Two lives in beinge Robert Sotwell aged 34 yeares and Ann Richards now _ wife of Leonard Cockey aged 40 yeares. Memorandum that the aforesayd Lease was cancelled and surrendered and in consideracion of the surrender thereof and for and in consideracion of a competente summe of money in hand payde the Premisses were by another Indenture of lease bearinge date 7° Octobris 1642, 18° Caroli againe demised by John Rogers Clarke, Prebendary of the Prebend of Chesinbury and Chute alias Chesingbury and Chute vnto Robert Sotwell of Chute aforesaid gent: Habendum for and dureinge the naturall liues of him the sayde Robert Sotwell and of Bridgett his wife and of William Sotwell | sonne of the sayde Roberte and Bridgett, and the longest liuer of them | vnder the same Rents covenants, and reservacions as in the Former Lease | are expressed, which last mencioned lease is voyde by Acte of Parliament | as wee conceive. The presentacion to the Viccarage did belonge to the | Prebendarye, now to the State. The Viccaridge there is worth 50". per | annum ariseinge out of the Tythe of all Hey, wooll Lambe and priuy Tythes _ withine the parrish. The present Incumbent there is Henry Jolly. Ex | per Will. Webb. supervisor generall 1650. Returned amoungst other things into the Regist’ Office for keepinge the Surveys of Deanes and Chapters | Lands the 7" of May 1650. By Walter Foy Christ. Weare, Jo: Squibb | Geo: Fairley Surveyors Ex’. Ra: Hall Regist. Dept. Wiltes.! Rectoria de Collingborne [Kingston]. A Survey of the | Rectory of Collingborne Kingston with the rights members and ap- | purtenances thereof lying and being in the Com. of Wilts parcell of the | possessions or late belonging to the late Deane and Chapter of the Cathe- | drall church of the Holy Trinity of Winton made by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of September 1649 by vertue of a | commission (&c., as above.). ' Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVI., p. 285 et seq. | VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXII. D 34 3 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. The reserved rent due to the Lord out of the sayd Rectory is per annum forty-two pounds [six] shillings & eight pence xij". vj*. viij*. There belongeth to the said Rectory a very faire Mansion house consisting of a hall, a very faire Parlour both wainscotted two kitchins two Butteryes two Cellers, a Brewhouse, a Malthouse eight chambers two of them wain- scotted, three small chambers to lodge servants in, foure Garetts three Barnes, one Fodder house, three stables a dove house well stored & other outhousings two Gardens one orchard and a yard conteyning by estimation three acres, the house in good repaire built part with tymber and parte with stone, covered with tyle, part with slate which wee valve worth per annum xij", 3. 0! xij}, There belongeth to the said Rectory five acres of Meadow inclosed lyinge in Longcroft Shipcroft & Lower Meade which wee value at twenty shillings per the acre per annum amounting to five poundes. 5. 0. vel The arable land belonging to the said Rectory lying in the comon feild viz‘. in Prest land,and Daddycroft twelve acres and a halfe in the Lower Prestland xj. acres, in five Ridges two acres and a halfe in three acres feild ~ two acres & in the yonder long land xiij acres two roodes & in the hither long land ten acres and a halfe all which we value at six shillings eightpence the acre per annum amounting to seaventeene pounds six shillings eight pence. 52—00. KVIje Wy wy There is belonginge to the said Rectory one house a barn a garden and three acres of arrable in the Tenure of George Blanchett which wee value worth per annum 3. Ose xls: There is alsoe one other house and garden therevnto belonging in the tenure of Nicholas Jarett which wee value worth per annum ours sine shillings & foure pence. 0. 0. Xige Waye There is belonging to the said Rectory commons for nine cowes and a Bull in the cowcommons in the parish of Collingborne which wee value worth per annum xl*. 00. 00. xis, There belongeth to the said Rectory two hundred and forty sheepe commons on the common downes & feild of the said parish which wee ~ value per annum forty shillings, xl*. Totall value of the Gleabe Lands amountes to per annum forty two pounds xlij¥, _ There belongeth to the said Rectory All the tyth the 14!” of woll corne & hey within the said parish (except the Gleabe ees to y° vicar land which payeth tyth to the Viccar as alsoe tithe wooll have not out of the foure farmes in the tenure of Mr. Long, Mr. — luded.? Andrews, Mr. Vince & Mr. Hide out of which is to be paid to y® Viccar out of Mr. Hide’s farme foureteene © pounds of wooll yearly, & there doth likewise belong to the said Rectory tyth lambs out of the foure farmes last mentioned & Tith wood within the ~ aforesaid parish yearly, All which said Tythes belonging to the said Rectory ~ wee value worth communibus annis Foure hundred & eighty pounds ~ thirteene shillings & fourepence. CCCCIxxx" xiij® iiij%. 1 The arabic figures indicate the acreage. 2 Partly lost in binding. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EL. J. Bodington. 35 Totall of the values of the said Rectory amount to per annum Dxxij"'. exe Tig? | The Improvement of the same Rectory (the reserved rent of forty two _ pounds six shillings and eight pence, and the seaven pounds foure shilling & eight pence in the lease mentioned for severall payments being deducted amounts to cccelxxiij!, 1j°*. An Indenture of Lease bearing date xx" November 15° Car, demising to |S". Francis Pyle Kn‘ and Barronett all that their parsonage of Kingston Collingborne and all the Tythes therevnto belonging to have & to hold the said Parsonage etc. from Michaelmas last past vnto the end and terme of twenty one yeares reserving alwayes: vnto the said Deane & Chapter &c. the Patronage of the viccaridge there with all portions and dutyes belonging _aforetyme to the same vnder the reserved yearly rent of xlij'. vj’. viij’. payable at St. Thomas the Apostle & Midsomer by equall portions: the lessee covenanteth to repaire the premisses att his own proper cost & | charges the Lessors to pay yearly by the hands of the Lessee all proxies | and Synodalls and other spirituall charges goeing out yearly of the said Parsonage vizt to the Bishopp of Sarum xvj*. viij®. and to his Chapter there xiij‘. iiij4, and to the Archdeacon of Chute five pounds and to the _ Archdeacon of Sarum vj‘. vilj?.. And vpon All Soules day to poore parish- ioners viij’. And of the spirituall charges the Lessee to make accompt yearly at the cathedrall &c at a prefixt day & there to ask allowance for ' the aforesaid payments proxies, and Synodalls which is vij". xiij’. viij*. the | Lessee to keepe continuall household and to finde the Deane &c. once in _the yeare convenient accommodation &c: the Lessor covenanteth to ratifie all lawfull actions justly taken in their name by the Lessee for the | obteyning & recovery of their just rights or duties belonging to the church or Parsonage the same actions or suites to bee at the Lessees own proper costes & charges And if the yearly rent be behinde six weekes then this | indenture to be voyd &c. | The present Incumbent (sc) the Lady Pyle the relict of Sir Francis Pyle deceased. There was eleaven yeares to come of the said terme at Michaelmas last. | The right of presentation of the Minister to the Viccaridge of the said | parish hath formerly bin in the Deane and chapter of Winton being worth | sixty poundes per annum. The present Incumbent, Mr. John Norris putt |in by the Committee of the County of Wilts. Robt. Voyce Edw. Hooker |Jam : Quarles. Fran: Hodges. Examt’ per Will: Webb supervisor generall 1649. | Wilts.’ Froxfeild Rectory. A survey ofthe Rectory & Parsonage of Froxefeild in the County of Wilts with the Gleeb and tythes therevnto belonging, late parcell of the possessions or late belonginge to the late Deane ;and Cannons of the Free Chappell of St George in Windsore made and | taken by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of October — |1649. By virtue of a commission (dc., as above). All the tythes ariseing comeing or belonging to the said Parsonage wee estimate to be worth communibus annis 60". 0% 04 * Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVLI., p. 203. a pi 2 36 —- The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. The totall vallew of the Gleab and Tythes 761, 08 04, Memorandum all the before mentioned premisses Redditus. vi. vj’. viij*. were by the late Deane and Cannons aforesaid Two quarters of barley leased vnto Thomas Stephens and Marry his wife, ed per annum by Indenture beareinge date the tenth day of May KO Oh: 12° Car. To hold from Lady Day before the date yeares unexpired . . . vnto the end and terme of 21" yeares paying yearely his (7) lease Lady day vnto the said Deane and Cannons and theire suc- Heb. 1) cessors the somme of Five pounds sixe shill®. eight pence and also one quarter of Barley att Michaelmas and O'. Lady day by equall portions and is worth vpon im- provement over and above the said rent per annum Lxix", ij% mij% With covenants to repaire, to pay all taxes, The Lessee to pay to the Viccar of Froxfeild 7. 6°. 8°. towardes the tenthes and 44. per annum towards theicure,l'o provide horsemeate and mansmeate for the steward and other officers, two nights and one day, not.to alien except by will, Tymber trees reserved, except rough tymber to repaire to bee sett out by the steward with Poifecuire fog none payment of rent. The severall Rents & chardges issuinge out of the Rectory, being in all xviij4. xiiij’. It is thus apportioned, viz' to be sould w" the lands 4. 00. 0. To remayne vpon the Tythes 14 14 0. Intoto 18 14 0. Mr. Golden hath the Viccaridge house and garden, the Benefitt of the Churchyard and the Easter Book vallued per annum v", The Chancell in repaire. Retorn’d amongst other things the 31°" October 1649. November 21 Will: Webb. 1650. Wilts.2 Tidcome Shalborne & Greate Bedwin BRectories, A Survey of the Rectoryes of Tidcomb Shalborne, and greate Bedwyn with the rights members and appurtenances thereof, lying & being in the county of Wilts late parcells of the possessions, or late belonginge to the late Deane & Cannons of the Free Chappell of St. George in Windsore, made and taken ~ by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in the month of October 1649. By vertue of a commission (d&c., as above). All that the parsonage barne with appurtenances, & one yard land of arrable belonging to the said Rectory of Tidcome, lyeing intermixt in the common feilds, conteyning by estimation Twenty-six Acres more or lesse, value perannum x", 0°. All those tythes, ariseing comeing or groweing in the parrish of Tidcombe aforesaid are estimated to be worth per annum Ixx. 0. Mr’ Holdford hath the cure of the parrish, and is allowed for his paines 20", per annum. The Viccaridge is included in the Rectory. Weearein- formed that one Mr. Yenly hath a lease of the premisses, whoe letts the same to one W™. Woolridge of Berneham in the County of Southampton. The chauncell in repaire. This lease produced within time lymitted. Mr. William Ernly by indenture of lease beareinge date, the thirtieth of July in the seaventieth (stc) yeare of the Raigne of the late Kinge Charles 1 Marginal note partly lost in the binding. ? Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVI., pp. 200—202. ee ee ee a ee Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J, Bodington. 37 graunted by the Deane and Cannons of Windsore, holds the last mentioned | premisses. Habendum for the terme of twentie- Redditus money viij!, one yeares to commence from the Annunciation Tenthes é xij*. of the Virgine Mary before the date Reddendum Bushells of wheate xxilij*. eight pounds at two termes of the yeare viz'. To the Curate xviij!!. Michaelmas & Lady day by equall Portions. — And alsoe twelve shillings at Michaelmas onely In toto XXXVI. Xvj°. for tenths, and sixe bushells of cleane and sweete wheate, att Lady day onely, or soe _ Aportioned viz :— much money for the said wheate as it shall be Tothelands 03. 10. 0. worth the next market day before the said Tothe Tythes 24. 6. 0. feaste at the choice of the Steward, and | | Kighteene pounds to the currate of Titcombe In toto 27. 16. 0. att foure feasts in the yeare viz'. att the Dec. 9" Will. Webb 1650. Nativity of John the Baptist Michaell the Archangell the birth of the Lord, and the Annunciation of the Virgine Marye by even and equall portions. All that parsonage barne & one little cottage with appurtenances to the said Rectory of Shalborne belonging and two acres of Gleabe more or lesse, value per annum iiij"4. All those tythes arriseing comeing or groweing in the Parrish are estimated _to bee worth communibus annis_ Cl'. Mr, Beniamine Somes hath the Viccaridge and is estimated to bee worth /communibus annis 60%. The Channcell out of repaire. M*. Will". Hore Gentleman by indenture of Lease bearing date the fourth day of November in the xvj'*. of the late King | Redditus xij". Charles graunted by the Deane & Cannons of Thus apportioned vizt. Windsore, Holdes all that the Rectory and |Tothelands 0. 5. O parsonage of Shalbourne with the members To the Tythes 11. 15. 0. and appurtenances from Michaelmas before the date vnto the full end and terme of Twenty In toto. 12. 0. ©. one yeres under the reserved yearely rent of Will: Webb. Tenn pounds payable att Lady Day and Michaelmas and fortie shillings for a q'. of | Wheate att Lady day, But is worth vppon improvement more and above _ the said Rents as by the particulars before certified appeareth Cxlj!. 0. All that the parsonage barne of the said Rectory of Great Bedwyn be- _longinge valued perannum 1". os. 04, All those tythes ariseing, comeinge or groweing in the Towne or Hamlett _ of Stocke estimated to be worth communibus annis xvyj' 0. 0. All those tythes of Bedwin and Ford valued per annum xx". 0. 0. All those tythes of Westcombe vallued per annum Ixx', 0, 0. All those tythes of Wilton vallued per annum Ixx", 0. 0. All those tythes of Martin vallued per annum xx", 0 0. All those tythes ariseing out of the two Graffons vallued per annum evyr:, 0:-. 0, All those tythes that William Hardinge payes vallued per annum vij'. 0. 0. The Totall vallue of the barne and all the before mentioned tythes 38 The Church Survey im Wilts, 1649—50. which belong to the Eeatory of Greate Bedwin is worth per annum COlxxcviiy exons ati: M4. the Deaneand Cannons had the right of presentation in obey ees aietes tae The Chancell in repaire. Vide an abstract of an Acte of Parliament in relation to the rectory of Great Bedwyne certiffied on the next leafe. ‘Theire was xij yeares vnexpired Michaelmas 1649. M4, in the first yeare of the late King James it was enacted aad established. by the said Kinge, by ‘and with the consent of the Lords Spirituall and Temporall, ‘and of the Commons of that present Parliament assembled, That the Earle of Somersett his executors or assignes, should or might from thenceforth peaceably & quietly hold and enjoy, All that those Tythes of corn, hay, wooll, lambs and other tythes whatsoever, in Bedwyn Stoke, Wilton, Harden, Tinridge, Knoll, Puthall Chesbury, East Grafton West Grafton, Mewtca & ‘Viesommbe Pee parcel of the Prebeud of Bedwyn in the County of Wilts from Michaelmas before the beginning of that Parlia- ment vnto the fullend and terme of fourescore and nineteene yeares, Paying therefore yearely dureinge the saide terme vnto the Deane and Cannons of Windsor and theire successors the yearely rent of threescore and seaventeen poundes att two vsuall feasts in the yeare, viz. att Lady day & Michaelmas by even and equal portions. 29 November 1649 Retorned amongst other things the 31" of October 1649. Will: Webb 1650. MELKSHAM HUNDRED. Wilts. Rectoria de Bulkington. A Survey of the Rectorie or portion of Tythes of Bulkington with the rights members and appurtenances thereof lyinge and beinge in the parryshe of Keevill in the County of Wilts parcell of the possessions or late belonginge to the Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of the Holie Trinitie of Winton made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the month of October 1649 by virtue of a commission (&c., as above). The profitts of the said Rectorie (beinge onelie the tythe of corne and hay within the tything of Bulkington) in the Parish of Keevill aforesaid wee vallue to bee worth 80" per annum Ixxx#, 7 John Bond by Indenture of lease bearinge date 25° November 14° Jacobi graunted by the Deane and Chapiter of Winton holds the last mentioned premisses w" the appurtenaunces for and duringe the naturall lives of Robert Kercher, Elizabeth Kercher and Marie Kercher (three children of Robert Kercher doctor of Divinity) and the longest liver of them Redditus xj". vnder the reserved yearely rent of tenne pounds payable at Michaelmas onely and entertainment for the said Deane &c. for one day and one night or twenty shillinges instead thereof yeareley but the said premisses is worth yearely vpon improvement over and above the said rent sixty nyne pounds per annum ]xix", 1 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVI., pp. 280—281. Communicated by the Vi en. Archdeacon B. J. Bodington. 39 The Leassee and his assignes and everie of them occupier of the said Parsonage duringe the said terme yearelie at his and their owne proper costs and charges to paie and beare all payments as well ordinary as extraordinary that the premisses or any part thereof or the said Deane &c. by reason of the premisses shalbee hereafter charged or chargeable as well to the King his heires or successors as to anie other person or persons whatsoever and thereof at his and their owne proper costs and charges shall allwaise hereafter discharge and keep indempnified the said Deane &c. The Leassee and his assignes by covenant to keep the premisses in repaire _duringe the said terme. _ The Leassee and his assignes by covenant to finde the saide Deane etc their officers and servants Twice in the yeare by the space of one day and one night sufficient entertainment for six men and six horses or instead _thereof;to pay unto the receiver of the said Deane &c at everie auditt twentie | shillings. And if the said yearely rent be behinde after the feast daie aforesaid by the space of six weekes for everie such default y* leassee to pay to the said Deane fortie shillings And if the aforesaid yearelie rent bee behinde the space of sixe weekes more next after the aforesaid firste sixe weekes then the lease to be void. Elizabeth Kercher and Marie Kercher the wyves of Doctor Taylor and Mr. Christofer Gibbons the presente Tennants. The three lives all in beinge. Robert Voyce Edward Hooker James Quarles Fran. Hodges. Exam’. per Will. Webb. superv'. gen!’, 1650. [To be continued. | 40. EAST WILTSHIRE MOSSES, HEPATICS, AND LICHENS}! By Ceci, P. Hurst. The following species were observed growing around Great Bedwyn, near Marlborough, in East Wiltshire, during 1918 and 1919. The locality con- tinues to produce rare and interesting plants, the character of the country, woodland, water, marsh, meadow, and downland, and the diversity of the soil, chalk, clay, and sand, tending to produce a varied flora. Including sub-species and seven mosses occurring on sarsen stones near Aldbourne and Marlborough, which are situated a little distance away from our district T have noted one hundred and eighty four mosses and forty-five hepatics in the neighbournood of Great Bedwyn; the present list records fifty-two mosses, comprising fourteen species and five varieties new to North Wilts and two species and one variety which are new to South Wilts, and also includes twenty four hepatics, twenty-one of which have been hitherto un- recorded for North and five for South Wilts. There is a tract of sandy ground in the north part of Tottenham Park, bordering on Savernake Forest, and rising to nearly 600ft., which produces a very interesting moorland flora, rare in this chalky country ; here grow the mosses Rhacomt- ~ trium canescens hoary greyish-green in colour, and the conspicuously red- fruited Funaria ericetorum, while the hepatics, Sphenolobus exsecteformis with its clusters of orange gemmae, and the typically moorland Gymnocolea inflata, find a congenial habitat among the heather and the ground is white with lichens, the lichen flora including Cladonia sylvatica (a close ally of the famous ‘“ Reindeer Moss” lichen), C’. furcata, C’. uncialis, C. coccifera a charming little species with fruits the colour of red sealing wax, Cetraria aculeata, var. hispida, interesting from its relationship to the well-known edible and medicinal ‘Iceland Moss” lichen (Cetrarza islandica,) a mountain species which also grows in England and not further away than Wootton — ‘| Heath, in Norfolk,where it has been suggested that it was left by a retreating glacier in the Ice Age, Parmelia physodes, a small state of which thickly encrusts the stems of the heather, and Baeomyces roseus, forming a pale grey crust on the earth, prettily relieved in the winter months by its pink fruits, borne on slender stalks, ‘The sandy clay beds of the Reading Sands are very prolific in interesting plants,and it is on this substratum inChisbury Wood that the extremely rare mosses Catharinea tenella, Ephemerum serratum var. angustifoluum, EH. sessile, var. ‘brevifoliwm, and hepatics Fossombronia Crozalsi, Ff. Husnote var. anglica, Cephaloziella integerrima, — | and OC. stellulifera are found. Other noteworthy moss records are the fine var. elatum of UMnium affine growing luxuriantly on boggy ground in Hungerford Marsh, the curious form of Jdnzum rostratum with obsolete leaf-teeth, which occurs on the gravel of Rhododendron Drive, Savernake 1 The notes on Mosses and Hepatics will be printed also in the Journal | of Botany, and those on Lichens in the Marld. Coll. Nat. Hist. Report. | Hast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens. 41 Forest, the rare Amblystegium Kochi, plentiful and fruiting copiously in one place in an Epilobium hirsutum swamp at the source of the Shalbourne _ Stream, near Shalbourne, the uncommon A varium, growing on brickwork _ by a pool at Crofton, and Hypnum giganteum, in Hungerford M arsh, a relic of the primeval morass, the draining of which has reduced it to a small and impoverished condition, while interesting hepatics are the rare _Crystalwort Riccia bifurea, growing on rides in Chisbury and Bedwyn _ BrailsWoods,R.commutata, rather plentiful in a stubble field near Frox field, (it is a plant of comparatively recent introduction to the British hepatic -flora,) Marsupella Funckii forming blackish brown tufts on a ride in Cobham Frith Wood and the rare Cephalozella Limprichtit growing on bare soil in Tottenham Park and Bedwyn Brails Wood. I paid a visit to a sarsen-strewn valley in West Woods, near Marlborough, hoping to find some of the _aberrant sarsen stone mosses which form such a conspicuous and interesting feature of the moss flora of this country, but in this I was disappointed, for _the sarsen stones were covered with a dense growth of Bryum capillare, | Lypnum cupresiforme, and other common species, and with the exception of a little G@rimmia trichophylia, the sarsen stone species were conspicuous _by their absence; Mr. Dixon wrote :—‘I surmise that the special sarsen _ Stone species are rather markedly xerophytic and get a hold on stones in the Open where other mosses find it difficult to live, but that in the wooded | valley you refer to there is more shade or moisture, so that these commoner Species have got their footing and excluded the Grimmiaceae, etc. But this is rather guess-work.” The following twenty-nine mosses which are generally uncommon or rare with capsules, I have found fruiting around. | Great Bedwyn:—Campylopus Jlexuosus, Barbula Hornschuchiana, Zygodon viridissimus, Orthotrichum Lyedlu, Philonotis fontana (a single capsule), _Webera annotina, Bryum pallens, B. pseudo-triquetrum, Mnium affine var. _elatum (a single seta), Neckera pumila, N. complanata, Pterogonium gracile, Thuidium tamarascionum, Brachythecium albicans, B.rivulare, B.ullecebrum, ‘CB. purum, Hurynchium speciosum, E. Swartz, E. pumilum, Plagiothecitum silvaticum, Amblystegium Kochii, A. filicinum, Hypnum stellatum, var. ‘protensum, H, fluitans var. gracile (two capsules) H. cordifolium, H. Schreberi, Hylocomium splendens, and H squarrosum. Mr. Nicholson writes :—“The list of fruiting mosses which you send me is no doubt a very good one for a limited locality, but I am inclined to think that it bears more testimony to your careful search than to any very exceptional con- ‘ditions in your district ; [ have found all but four fruiting in Sussex, and I think all somewhere. No doubt warmth assists some of the distinctly |southern species to fruit such as Zygodon viridissimus, Barbula Horn- shuchiana and Pterogonium gracile, which are abundant and fruit freely in the Mediterranean region, but most of your plants are rather northern, and a suitable degree of humidity is perhaps the most essential condition.” | The Census Catalogues of British Mosses (1907) and Hepatics (1913) have jbeen followed in recording the following plants, and my best thanks are due to Messrs. H. N. Dixon, W. Ingham, H. H. Knight, W. E. Nicholson, and J. A. Wheldon for interesting notes and much kind assistance in identification. For further information regarding the bryology of the district the reader is referred to my papers, ‘‘Kast Wiltshire Mosses” (Wilts Arch. 42 East Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens. . Mag., xxxix., p. 449), and “ East Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Land Shells” (Wilts Arch. Mag., xl, p. 231). 7=North Wilts. 8=South Wilts. c. fr.=with fruit. *=new vice- comital record. EAST WILTSHIRE MOSSES. Catharinea tenella (Rohl).—7*, Rather sparingly on the sandy clay of the Reading Sands on a ride in Chisbury Wood, Great. Bedwyn; the plants were sterile. Mr. Dixon writes:—“‘I think your Catherinea is certainly tenella: it has all the marks of it, as far as a sterile plant can have. Of course inflorescence or fruit would confirm it, but I think you may safely record it on the evidence of this.” Mr. Nicholson agrees and says :— ‘‘ Catherinea tenella can be determined with fair certainty from good sterile material.” This moss is extremely rare and as far as the British Isles are concerned seems to be recorded elsewhere only from Bedgebury Wood, Goudhurst, Kent, where it was found by Sir James Stirling and Mr, E. 8. Salmon in 1898. Polytrichum piliferum (Scheb.) and P. juniperinum (Willd.).—7, 8. These mosses are not uncommon in sandy places in Savernake Forest and Tot- tenham Park. Pleuridium axillare (Lindb.).—7, 8. Abundant on the insides of cart ruts in Bedwyn Brails and Chisbury Woods and generally rather common in damp places on rides in Savernake Forest, always fruiting. P.subulatum (Rabenh.).—7, 8. Abundant on sandy ground in this district, c. fr. Dicramella rufescens (Schp.)—7* In small quantity on damp clay by a pool near the Column Savernake Forest, c. fr. D. varia (Schp.)—7, 8. This moss is widely spread and often grows on the bare surface of the chalk,c. fr. Campylopus flexuosus (Brid.).—7. Fruiting in the north part of Totten- ham Park and also in Rhododendron Drive; capsules seem to be rare in this species. C. brevipilus (B. & S.).—7*. In very small quantity in the north-east of ‘lottenham Park, near the Grand Avenue (teste Knight). Dicranum Bonjeani (De Not.).—7. On the ground in small quantity in the north part of Tottenham Park ; “ very short form,” W. Ingham. Fissidens exilis (Hedw.).—7*. On clay in Chisbury Wood (teste Knight) c. fr.; also c. fr. in Birch Copse, Savernake Forest. /’. crassepes (Wils).— 7*, C. fr. on the brickwork of a sluice by the Kennet and Avon Canal at Great Bedwyn; also very fine and c. fr. on the brickwork of a sluice by the River Kennet near Ramsbury ; this moss generally grows on stones in streams in calcareous districts. Grimmia trichophylla (Grev.).—7. In rather small quantity on sarsen stones in a valley in West Woods, Marlborough. G. subsqguarrosa (Wils.)— 7. A form almost without hair points on sarsen stones in Lockeridge Dean, Marlborough ; I suggested that this might be an immature form, and Mr. Dixon wrote :—“ I think your surmise about the G. subsguarrosa is probably correct, that it 1s a comparatively immature growth. It appears to be of no great age, which agrees with your observation, though on the other hand it is rather well grown for a young plant and does not appear at all dwarfed By Cecil P. Hurst. 43 or stunted, as var. edinenszs seems to be. Of course the hair points are as a rule rather short.” This moss is extremely rare in fruit, and to a question as to its method of propagation Mr. Dixon wrote :—“ This species frequently, if not normally, has multicellular gemmae in the axils of the upper leaves, and I expect the propagation is chiefly by these. In fact Limpricht gives G. subsquarrosa as a synonym of his G. Mihlenbechii forma propagulifera.” Khacomitrium canescens (Brid.).—7*. In small quantity on earth in the north part of Tottenham Park. . Pottua minutula (Firnr.) forma.—7. On the ground near Savernake | Lodge; ‘‘a form with rather narrow and elongate capsules,” Dixon. —— - Tortula laevipila, var. laevipilaeformis (Limpr.). 7* On trees in _ Tottenham Park, near the Durley Gate; with well-marked foliose gemmae (teste Nicholson). 7’. papillosa (Wils)—7. Tree near Chisbury Wood, Great Bedwyn; it appears to be thinly scattered throughout the district on trees, occurring very rarely on stone. Ephemerum serratum (Hampe).—7*, 8*. C. fr. on bare spaces in Saver- _nake Forest, Tottenham Park, Chisbury Wood, and Foxbury Wood, not uncommon ; a delicate little plant with persistent protonema and lanceolate serrated leaves, E serratum var. angustifolium (B. & S.)—7* C. fr. on sandy clay soilin Chisbury Wood; Mr. Nicholson writes :—‘“ I make your _Ephemerum E. serratum var. angustifolium; I have not found any ripe _ spores but the leaves are as they are figured in Bryologia Europaea, less _ serrate than in the type.” The Census Catalogue records this only from | West Kent, North Essex, and South Lancashire, F. sessile var. brevifolium _(Schp.).—7*. C. fr. in considerable quantity on sandy clay soil in Chisbury Wood; Mr. Nicholson writes:—“TI do not think it is always very easy to draw a sharp line between the var. brevifoliwn of Ephemerum sessile and _the type; I should refer your material to the var., but some plants suggest that the type is there also, Kphemerum serratum and E£. sessile usually grow in slightly different habitats, H#. sessile preferring damper situations and a more finely granulated soil, sand passing into clay, and it also likes places where water has stood from time to time.” The Census Catalogue only records this very rare plant from East Sussex and Cheshire Physcomitrella patens (B. & S.)—7*, 8* C. fr. on the drying mud of a dew pond upon the downs near Wexcombe, S. Wilts; in quantity on mud ‘near Polesdown’s Farm, Shalbourne, which was in Berks, by the old county boundaries but is now in S. Wilts; near Stype Wood on mud ; and inside _the chinks of drying mud near Chisbury Wood. _ Lunaria ericetorum (Dixon)—7*. ©. fr. rather sparingly on heathy ground in the north-east part of Tottenham Park > a very pretty shapely Jittle plant with bright red capsules, fruiting in mid-winter. Mr. Knight writes :—‘* Funaria ericetorum is a moorland species in the north, but in the south it seems to prefer woods. The Census Catalogue is more than lten years old, since it was published I have found Funaria ertcetorum in Parkhurst Forest, Isle of Wight, and also in Wyre Forest, Worcestershire.” _ _Philonotis fontana (Brid.)—7, 8. Abundant in damp places and on rides all over Savernake Forest and occurring plentifully in Tottenham Park ; some of the immature forms were very attenuated, reminding one of Philonotis capillaris. te 44 .. Kast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens, Webera annotina (Schwaeg.) 8. About capsule-bearing plants from the locality at Dod’s Down Brickworks, where this species fruits so freely, Mr. Nicholson wrote :—“ The fruiting specimens of Webera annotina are much finer than I should have expected to see in the South of England.” Mr. J. A. Wheldon.tells me that though abundant near Liverpool, it never fruits there ; he writes :—‘‘ Our form has the longer ‘ glove-like’ gemmae and I see yours has them with the bulbous base. Perhaps some of these variations © are more fertile than others! Or it may be a mere matter of accident that the male and female plants happen to occur together.” W. annotina, var. erecta (Corens).—7. This variety is widely spread and not infrequent in Savernake Forest. W. carnea (Schp)—8. On wet clay in Chisbury Wood ; very plentiful on the clayey sides of the Shalbourne Stream between Hungerford and Shalbourne; also on clay at Merle Down Brickworks, Great Bedwyn ; fine and plentiful on the sides of a ditch near Little Bed- wyn Vicarage. Bryum pseudo-triquetrum (Schwaeg.)—7. C. fr. in a marsh near Hun- gerford. DB. caespiticcum (L.)—7. C. fr. on a wall at Marlborough. JB. murale (Wils.).—7, 8. C.fr. wall at Shalbourne ; c. fr. wall at Oxenwood ; c. fr. wall near Rudge Manor, Froxfield ; not uncommon on the mortar of old walls in this district, fruiting freely. Mnium affine var. elatum (B. & 8.).—7*. Very plentifully in one locality in Hungerford Marsh; Mr. Ingham found a seta among a series of plants I sent him from this locality. J. rostratwm (Schrad.) forma.—7. A form with edentate leaves occurred at various places on the gravel of Rhododendron Drive, Savernake Forest; Mr. Dixon wrote :—‘‘ Your form of Idnium rostratum is a very marked one; I do not remember to have seen it with leaves practically entire. The habit and cells preclude Jf. affine var. rugiceum. MM. integrum Bry. jav. agrees exactly, but is dioicous. If you can find flowers it will be very interesting to know whether or not it is — dioicous, if so it is certainly the same; if synoicous it would I think be worth describing as a variety, I should suggest var. integrum.” Up to © the present I have been unable to find inflorescence. 1 Leucodon sciuroides (Schwaeg.).—7. I found this moss in Savernake Forest with the numerous gemmiform branchlets which are mentioned on ~ p. 405 of Dixon’s Student’s Handbook; they. do not appear to be very — frequently produced in this district. Leskea polycarpa (Ehrh.)—7. 8. C. fr. at the base of several trees by a watercourse near Little Bedwyn; an attenuated form grew four or five feet above the foot of a tree by. the Shalbourne Stream near Standen Manor, Hungerford, and Mr. Dixon wrote :—‘‘ Your Leskea is certainly a small form, probably stunted from lack of moisture.” Anomodon viticulosus (Hook & Tayl.).—7, 8. This common species of calcareous districts is frequent and widely spread around Great Bedwyn but I have been unable to find capsules. Thuidium tamarascinum (B. & S.)—7. After much search for the fruit of this fine handsome moss, which is not commonly produced, I was very pleased to discover about half-a-dozen capsules in a wood near Savernake Lodge, on the 5th Dec., 1918. 7’. recognitum var. pseudo tamarisci (Limpr.). —8* By the roadside nearly Botley Down, Great Bedwyn (teste Ingham). Climacium dendroides (Web. & Mohr.)—7*, 8. Fine plants in a piece of By Cecil P. Hurst. | | 45 boggy ground by the side of the railway near Stagg’s Lock, on the Kennet and Avon Canal, Froxfield, North Wilts ; also on marshy ground south of the Kennet and Avon Canal between Great Bedwyn and Crofton: a hand- some dendroid (tree-shaped) moss. Brachythecium albicans (B. & 8.)—7. Fruiting copiously on thatch by the side of the London and Bath Road near Hopgrass Farm, Hungerford ; the fifth locality near Great Bedwyn in which I have found this moss with capsules. B. rutabulum (B. & 8.)—7. A form with capsules about as large as those of B. velutinum occurred in a hedgebank near Chisbury, and Mr. Dixon wrote :—‘“‘ The capsules of your B. rutabulum are certainly small _ but they would not come under any recognized var,” _ Eurynchium piliferum(B. & S )—7, 8. Widely spread and not uncommon among short grass throughout the district. #. Swartzii (Hobk.).— Forma 8. A form which Mr. Dixon said showed a “ distinct approach” to var. rigidum (Boul.) occurred near Merle Down Brickworks. #. pumilum (Schp.)—7. On the ground at Chisbury Camp, Great Bedwyn. £. curvi- setum (Husn.).—7. C. fr. in three or four places by the side of the Grand | Avenue, south of Eight Walks, Savernake Forest. #. striatum (B. &. S.)— 7. OC. fr. in a wood near Savernake Lodge; it apparently fruits very sparingly in this district. 2. murale (Milde.)—7. Ona stone by the side | of the London and Bath Road near Woronzoff Lodge, Savernake Forest. | Amblystegium Kochu (B.&§$.)—8. This rare moss occurs plentifully and in one place fruits copiously in an Bpilobsum hirsutum swamp at the source of ‘the Shalbourne Stream, near Shalbourne. Mr. Nicholson mentions it can /can be distinguished from any form of Hypnum aduncum by the short cells and absence of auricles. A. varewm (Lindb.)—7*. On_ brickwork by water at Crofton Engine House, near Great Bedwyn (teste Knight). A filiconum (De Not.).—7. C. fr. in Hungerford Marsh. | Hypnum stellatum var. protensum (Rohl.)\—8. Plentiful in a bog near Webb’s Gully Wood, where it grows with the very rare Wiltshire flowering plants, the beautiful Marsh Orchid, Epipactis palustris and the Broad- Jeaved Cotton Sedge, Eriphorum latifolium. H. aduncum var. falcatum ‘(Ren.).—7.* Marshy ground between Little Bedwyn and Froxfield. 7. aduncum var. polycarpon (Bland.).—8. By the margin of a dewpond on ithe downs near T'idcombe, * quite characteristic,’ J. A.Wheldon. A. fludtans var. Jeanbernati (Rem.).—7*. In small quantity by the side of a pool near the Column, Savernake Forest ; Mr. Wheldon writes:—“ The Hypnum is fairly typical Hyp. famtans var. Jeanbernati (Ren.) The nerve is wide, but ‘still within the range of Jeanbernate and not reaching the diameter of that of atlanticum,and the cell structure is quite typically that of var.Jeanbernatz; it is a small example of this variable var.” H. falcatum (Brid.).—7*. ‘Plentiful in a little bog in Hungerford Marsh, near the Bedwyn Brook ; this species is rather curiously absent from Sussex, and Mr. Nicholson writes :—“ I had an idea that I possessed a very old record for Hyp. falcatum jin West Sussex but I cannot trace it and I have certainly never found the } moss in the county myself.” HH. Patienteae (Lind.).—7*. A small form on sandy clay in Chisbury Wood (teste Nicholson). H. giganteum (Schp.)—7*. Very sparingly in Hungerford Marsh, growing with Mnium affine var. elatum ; ‘“‘a very small form with well developed auricles; I havea Surrey { 46 Kast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens. specimen just a little larger than yours,” Ingham, This moss is probably a relic of a time when Hungerford Marsh was in a anes wetter and more undrained condition. | | EAST WILTSHIRE HEPATICS. Riccia bifurca (Hoffm.).—7*, 8*. This rare plant occurred rather | sparingly on rides in Chisbury and Bedwyn Brails Woods (teste Nicholson) | and also grew in Savernake Forest. The interesting Ricczas or OCrystal- | worts form complete rosettes on damp soil, and are generally found in autumn, winter, and spring, but some are also to be seen in summer; upwards of one hundred and forty species are known, the majority being inhabitants of the Southern Hemisphere. Few species are found in | Northern Europe. &. commutata (Jack).—7* Plentiful ina stubble field by — the side of the Bath Road near Froxfield, growing with A. sorocarpa and R. glauca (teste Nicholson). Mr. Nicholson writes :—“ Riccia commutata | usually grows in stubble fields while A. b¢furca is perhaps more frequent © in rides in woods though it also occurs in stubble fields; &. glauca, R. sorocarpa, and R. commutata all grow together here (Lewes) in the same” stubblefields. R. commutata has violet colouring and often a few ciliae, © but I have frequently had great difficuly in distinguishing R. glauca | and R. commutata in the field in spite of the considerable real differences _ between the two species, and this difficulty is increased in a wet sunless | autumn like the present (1918), asit does not give A. commutata a chance of | developing quite normally. If the late summer and early autumn are dry | all the species tend to become very scarce; in a very wet season A. glauca | will probably predominate while &. commutata is more abundant in a | moderate season. From what you say I should think that A. glauca was | the more abundant with you this year.” AR. glauca (L.).—v*. Stubble | field near Froxfield and also in Savernake I’orest. R. sorocarpa (Bisch.).— | 7*, 8*. Not uncommon on damp earth throughout the district, Savernake | Forest, Chisbury Wood, Bedwyn Brails, etc. , easily recognized by its bluish — a} green polenn and deeply furrowed onal 4 Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dum.)—8. Very fine on the brickwork of a i sluice near Shalbourne ; brickwork of the Bruce Tunnel on the Kennet and | i Avon Canal at Savernake, Pellia Fabbroniana (Raddi)—7, 8. Common on i very wet and damp ground ; this species generally affects calcareous soil | and the furcate apices of the thallus are a conspicuous character in autumn | and winter. Fossombronia pusilla (L.) (Dum.)—7*, 8, Plentiful on the insides of cart } ruts in Chisbury Wood ; Foxbury Wood. /. Wondraczeki (Corda) (Dum. y\ 7* Chisbury Wood oil on damp clay by the side of a pool near the } Column, Savernake Forest (teste Nicholson). 9. Crozalsiz (Corb.)—‘7*. A | plant beertine a single capsule on sandy clay in Chisbury Weed with re- | gard to this extremely rare plant Mr. Nicholson writes :—‘ ‘Mr. Symers }) Macvicar seemed to be quite satisfied about the Foss. Crozalsti, so I think } you would be justified in recording it. It is, of course, rather a critical | By Cecil P. Hurst. 47 it is rather close to F. Wondraczekt. F. Crozalsii was recorded by me as a British plant from the Lizard in the Journal of Botany for Jan., 1917 (p. 10) and the identification was confirmed by M. Douin, but the plant was not quite typical and your plant agrees better with the original type than mine ; I fancy that in the field the typical plant is small and you would be more likely to take it for Ff. Wondrazceki than for /’. Husnote. I found Foss. Crozalsit at the Lizard in wet places on the cliffs facing the sea—a little to the east of the Housel Bay Hotel, often growing with Aiccea Lescurzana and _£. sorocarpa. Moisture was usually oozing from the ground and flowing over the surface of flattish rocks ; it was growing in fair. sized tufts for a _ Fossombronia. Foss. Crozalsit has violet rhizoids and very distinctly areo- late spores and Mr. Macvicar considered your specimen typical.” Ff. Husnoti var. anglica (Nicholson)—7*. In considerable quantity on sandy clay in Chisbury Wood; a very rare plant. Mr. Nicholson writes :—‘‘ The fossombroma which you sent me from Chisbury Wood with hyaline _thizoids is /. Husnote var. anglica ; Mr. Macvicar referred it to the var. _and the examination of the abundant material’which you kindly sent me _and which I have had in cultivation has convinced me that he was correct. | The type which does not occur in Britain I have had sent me from Genoa. _ I have also received the var. anglica from Llandovery, in S. Wales, and I | gathered it myself in Babbacombe Bay, Torquay, on the east side of the _ bay, and on the moorland between the Lizard and Kynance Cove; it was local in both stations, and grew in fair sized tufts on clayey_soil at Babba- combe Bay and in very small tufts at the Lizard. Itis probable that many _ of the plants recorded from the West of England as F’. caespitiformis may really belong to /. Husnote var. anglica. The spore sculpture, in fact, of _ the var. anglica, though there is an occasional tendency to form a reticu- - lated surface, does not differ materially from F’. caespitiformis; the | principal character is, of course, the hyaline rhizoids, but in a genus where violet rhizoids are so marked a feature, this departure must be allowed some weight. /'. Husnotz var. anglica differs from the type in the smaller | spores and in their having the warts and ridges much less definitely com- bined to form a clear reticulation of the surface. Schiffner and others make much of the fact that the elaters in #. Husnott both type and var. ' are frequently 3-spiral but I have not infrequently found similar elaters in '| otherwise typical F. caesmitiformis.” - 3 ‘| Marsupella Funckii (Web. et Mohr.) (Dum.)—7.* In fair quantity in one || place on a ridein Cobham Frith Wood, near Knowle Farm, Savernake. | Alicularia scalaris (Schrad.) (Corda.)—7.* Heathy ground in the north _ part of Tottenham Park. ‘| Gymnocolea inflata (Huds.) (Dum.) 7.* A moorland plant which grew | in some quantity in several places on heathy ground in the north part of | Tottenham Park, a few perianths were observed. || Lophozia turbinata (Raddi) (Steph.)\—7.* This calcicolous species, the | presence of which always denotes the existence of lime, occurred in small ) quantity in a chalk pit by a roadside near Ramsbury. JZ. bicrenata |) Schmidt.) (Dum.)—7.* Upon sandy ground on a ride near the Column, \Tottenham Park ; also on a ride near Eight Walks, Savernake Forest; a tiny species, the smallest of its genus, it can be recognized by its scent. | 48 § ast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens. _ Sphenolobus exsectiformis (Breidl.)(Steph.)—7.* In rather small quantity among heather in the north part of Tottenham Park; the orange gemmae which are thickly clustered on the leaf apices give this plant a very tawny appearance to the naked eye. Chiloscyphus pallescens (Khrk.) (Dum.)—8.* Very wet place in Bedwyn Brails Wood ; by a rivulet in Foxbury Wood; bog near Burridge Heath ; by a slip this plant was recorded in my paper, “‘ Hast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Land Shells (Wilts Arch. Mag., xl., 231) as _C. polyanthus, which I have not found in Wiltshire. Cephaloza beseusprdata (L.) (Dum.)—7,* 8. North part of Tottenham Park with perianths ; also a small form in Foxbury Wood ; it occurs plenti- fully on moist soil near the Duke’s Vaunt Oak, in Savernake Forest. Cephalozella byssacea (Roth.) (Warnst.)—7,* 8.* North part of Totten- ham Park; Chisbury Wood ; on clay at Dod’s Down Brickworks ; Fox- bury Wood. (C. integerrima (Lindb.) (Warmst.)—7.* Some small colonies upon sandy clay onaridein Chisbury Wood ; this rare plant.is only recorded from Sussex. Mr. Nicholson writes :—‘“‘I have not seen any specimens from outside Sussex before and the condition of your plants suggests it does well with you.” A few perianths were noted in the Chisbury Wood plants.” C. stellulifera (Taylor MS.) (Schiffn.)—7.* North part of Totten- ham Park ; on sandy clay in Chisbury Wood (teste Nicholson), a rare species. C. Limprichtic (Warns.)—7,* 8.* On earth upon a walk in the north part of Tottenham Park ; on a ride in Bedwyn Brails Wood (teste Knight and Nicholson); a rare plant found on moist, sandy, and loamy soil. Scapanta trrigua (Nees.) (Dum.) and S. curta (Mart.) (Dum.)—7. These — hepatics are rather frequent in Savernake Forest on rides, perhaps S. curta is the commoner of the two; Mr. Nicholson wrote about some plants of the latter species from Savernake Forest that I sent him :—‘‘I havea long series | of plants of S. curta from Italy to Lapland, but I cannot find any with the ~ cell-walls quite so thin as in your examples; the leaves on your specimens have the shape and general appearance of those of S. curta and I presume that they came from a damp heavily shaded locality. In some ways your | plant reminds me of certain forms of S. irrigua ; the species and forms of © Scapania are often very critical and ample well-grown specimens are — necessary for a very accurate determination.” | Microlejeunea ulicina (Tayl.) (Evans)—7,* 8.* On a beech in a copse near Ramsbury ; beech-trunk in Foxbury Wood; Mr. Knight mentions | that the favourite tree of this species is beech ; it also occurs plentifully on beeches near Rhododendron Drive, Savernake Forest. Frullania Tamarisci (1...) (Dum.)—7. On sarsen stones in Clatford — Valley, near Marlborough. EAST WILTSHIRE LICHENS. Scarcely any attention has been paid to these ubiquitous but much _ neglected plants in Wiltshire, and very few records for the county are available. The following species, nearly fifty in number, were observed | growing around Great Bedwyn and near Marlborough in 1919. A drawback By Cecil P, Hurst. 49 to lichen study in this chalky country is the absence of rock, but the tree trunks, especially the beeches in Savernake Forest and elsewhere, and the flints and sarsen pebbles in Tottenham Park produce some interesting species, ewe thatched roofs are always worthy of careful examination. Cladonia pyxidata var. lepidophora abundant on thatch near Rivar, Physcia aquila on sarsen stones in the “ Valley of Rocks,” near Marlborough, the rather rare Phaeographis inusta on trees in Savernake Forest, and the somewhat “uncommon var. parallela of Graphis elegans on a birch near Rhododendron | Drive, Bedwyn Common, are interesting records. In the present list the nomenclature and arrangement of A. Boistel’s “‘ Nouvelle Flore des Lichens,” a most excellent little work, have in the main been followed, and Mr. R. Paulson, the well-known lichenologist, has very kindly named the plants. It is to be hoped that the publication of Miss A. L. Smith’s fine Monograph on British Lichens by the Trustees of the British Museum will stimulate - -an interest in this little-known but very interesting branch of natural _ history. -Usnea barbata (1..)—7, 8. Fairly common on tree trunks. Cladonia sylvatica (Ach.)—7. On a heathy tract in the north part of Tottenham Park among heather ; also very sparingly in Chisbury Wood. C. furcata (Ach) and ©. uncialis (Ach.)—7. ‘These species grow among heather in the north part of Tottenham Park. C. sguamosa (Del.)—7. ‘Thatched roof in Great Bedwyn village; var. delicata (Ehrh.)— Thatched roof at Shalbourne; Miss Smith states this var. is somewhat 'searce throughout England. C. pyxidata (Ach.) —7,8. Rather common on ‘sandy ground throughout the district ; var. lepidocarpa (Floerk.)-—8. In ‘abundance on a thatched roof at Rivar with C. fmbriata, C. macilenta and _C. Floerkeana ; Miss Smith mentions this var. was “ seen only from Central ‘and W. England, N. Wales, and N. E. England”; var. chlorophaea (Floerk)—8. Sandy ground at Dod’s Down Brickworks. C.fimbriata _(Ach.)—7, 8. Not uncommon on sandy ground. C. coccifera (Ach.) 7. Among heather in the north part of Tottenham Park and in an old excava- tion for gravel in Savernake Forest. C. macilenta (Krb.)—7, 8. On a stump in Savernake Forest near Savernake Lodge ; thatch at Merle Down | Brickworks ; ; thatch near Rivar. C. Floerkeana(Fr.)—8. Thatchat Merle eons and Rivar. C. caesprtitea (Pers.)—7. Plentifully on a thatched roof ‘in Great Bedwyn village ; a beautiful plant. Ramalina calicaris var, fastigata (Pers.)—7. Tree between Great Bedwyn and Bloxham Copse ; var. farinacea (L.) —7, 8. Growing with the previous _var., fine specimens ; also on a beech in “ Rivar Firs,” near Rivar, sparingly farinose, and in Savernake Forest. | Evernia prunastri (Ach )—7, 8. Common on trees all through the dis- trict ; during the Napoleonic wars this lichen was collected in large quantities to afford gum for the calico printers. i Cetraria aculeata var. hispida (Cromb.)—7. Among heather in the north ‘part of Tottenham Park. Platysma glaucum (Linn.)—7. On several trees near Rhododendron Drive, Bedwyn Common. 1) Peltigera canina and P. polydactyla (Hoff..—7, 8 Not uncommon in '| grassy places. VOL, XLI.—NO. OXXXII. - | 50 East Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens, Parmelia saxatilis (Ach.)—7, 8. Abundant everywhere on tree trunks. P. physodes (Ach.)—7, 8. Very common on trees, palings, heather, etc. P. caperata (D.C.)—7, 8. This large handsome species with pale yellowish- green thallus is very common on trees throughout the district. P.conspersa (D.C.)—7. Rather common on sarsen stones in the “ Valley of Rocks,” near Marlborough, producing dark-brown apothecia; a large lichen with greenish straw-coloured thallus. P. exasperata (Nyl.)—7. Sarsen stones in the “Valley of Rocks,’ Marlborough. P. fuliginosa var. laete-virens (Nyl.)— 7,8. Common on trees. P. omphalodes (1.)-7. On sarsen stones in the ‘‘ Valley of Rocks,” Marlborough ; one of the dye lichens used to dye fabrics a purple colour. Anaptychia ciliaris (Ach.)—7, 8. Ona tree by the Shalbourne stream, near Standen Manor, Hungerford, and on trees near:the Reser you, Totten- ham Park. Physcia aquila (Ach.)—7. Seti on sarsen stones in the “ ‘Valley of | Rocks,” Marlborough ; Miss Smith records this lichen as growing on rocks in maritime districts and rarely on hills some distance from the sea, so it is interesting to note its occurrence on the Marlborough sarseni stones. - Xanthoria parietina (Ach.)—7, 8. Common on roofs; walls, etc., also occurring on trees ; this plant is the orange-yellow lichen which is Gao a familiar object on Alege roofs, buildings, gates, etc. __Placodium canescens Ache —7, 8. Common on brick. Svaller ; also ati the base of a yew at Little Bedwyn oad on a yew near Shalbourne Néwtown. - Lecanora subfusa (Ach.)—7. The aggregate species is common on smooth- barked. trees in Savernake Forest, some plants were placed under var. _allophana (Ach.) by Mr. Paulson. Pertusaria lecoplaca (Schoer.).—7. Very fine on trees near Rhododendron Drive, Savernake Forest, with very well-developed apothecia, showing the spores fourin each ascus. P. velata var. amara(Nyl.).—7,8. Very common — on trees in Savernake Forest; in this plant the soredia or little masses of | white mealy dust with which the thallus is plentifully besprinkled are } largely composed of oxalic acid and are intensely bitter to the taste; at qne | time in France this lichen was collected for the oxalic acid it contains }, it | was named Lichen fagineus by Linneus (Lat. fagus, a beech) from its | predilection for beech trees, but in this district it grows principally on the | oak, and is not common on the beech. P. communis (D. C.).—7, 8. |) Savernake Forest, Chisbury Wood, and, Foxbury Wood; one of the | commonest British lichens, easily known by the prominent verrucae-or warts. | Thelotrema lepadinum (Ach.)—7. A curious lichen shaped. like a tiny | barnacle, which is abundant on trees near the Grand Avenue, Savernake Forest, forming densely gregarious masses on the beeches. _ @g Rhizocarpon confervoides (D. C.) and #. obsuratum (Mass. ) = On | sarsen pebbles in the north part of Tottenham Park. | Lecidea contigua (Fr,).x7. Sarsen pebbles in the north part of Totcontats | Park. J. elaeochroma var. disciformas (Nyl.).—7. Ona beech in Tottenham | Park. | Baeomyces roseus (Pers.).—7. Forming a grey crust on the ground in | Tottenham Park, the pink. fruits or apothecia are sparingly produced in | winter ; also on a ride near Eight Walks, Savernake Forest, and in an old | By Cecil P. Hurst. 51 | : | | overgrown brickyard near the Column ; and owing to the damp wet spring _ the pink fruits were still in the last mentioned locality on the 4th May, |—6©-1920. | Graphis serupta (Ach.).—7. Common on beech in Savernake Forest; the _ narrow black and generally curved lirellae or fructifications of this lichen are singularly like scribblings with pen and ink, whence the generic and | specific names. G. elegans (Ach.).--7. Fine and conspicuous on trees in Rhododendron Drive and rather common in other parts of Savernake | Forest, where the Graphidaceae, the natural order to which this lichen _ belongs, are well represented; var parallella (Leighton).—7. Ona birch near Rhodendron Drive; in this var. the apothecia are arranged in a | parallel manner. G. phen Oo —7. Occasionally on trees in Savernake Forest. Phaecographis inusta (Muel.).—7. Ona Beech in the Grand Avenue and not uncommon on trees near Rhododendron Drive and elsewhere in the | Forest. Opegrapha vulgata (Ach.).—7. On beeches near the Grand Avenue ; the thallus is reddish in this lichen. O. herpetica (Ach.).—7. Common on | beeches in Savernake Forest and often infested with a black fungus. Arthonia astroidea var. Swartziana (Nyl.).—7. On the smooth bark of | young treesin London Ride and also near Rhododendron Drive in Savernake | Forest ; probably not uncommon. The type is.also not infrequent on young smooth-barked trees near Great Bedwyn. | Stigmatidium crassum (Duby.). 7. A spermogoniferous lichen from a | beech near Ramsbury was, in the absence of spores, doubtfully referred by | Mr. Paulson to this plant. Verrucaria nitida (Schrad.).—7. Beech in Column Ride, Tottenham Park ‘and several other localities in the Forest. V. epidermidis (Ach.)—7. Beech near Column Ride, Tottenham Park ; Mr. Paulson wrote :—‘‘The lichen jhas neither spores nor paraphyses and the whole perithecium (fructifica- jtion) is collapsed; it is probably V. epidermidis (Ach.), I can only feel really certain when the spores are present.” _ Although this paper is not concerned with Freshwater Algae, the oc- ‘currence of the two following interesting species near Great Bedwyn may ‘be noted :— _ Trentepohlia aurea. 7. This sub-aerial alga formed an orange crust on the east side of the low stone parapet which surrounds the Column in |Tottenham Park, and also occurred sparingly on trees near Rhododendron \Drive; Mr. F. A. Brokenshire, of Barnstaple, says it is found on trees, jrocks, gates, etc., where open to currents of moist air, and I have seenit on jstonework at Virginia Water and on rocks at Ilfracombe; at the latter place the orange coloration of the rocks, both inland and on the coast, was lvery vivid and conspicuous. Botrydium granulatum (L.). (Grev. et. 8 In the chinks of drying mud iof a small pond near Chisbury Wood, Great Bedwyn; also on mud by a dewpond on the chalk downs near Tidcombe; Mr. A. Gepp, of the British Museum, kindly sent me the following interesting note on this alga :— “ Botrydium granulatum is a remarkable unicellular but multinucleate alga —a coenyte ; green and pyriform above and emitting rhizoids below—but Be \ 52 East Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens, all are parts of one cell. It is reproduced asexually ina number of ways according to external conditions—broadly by zoogonidia and by aplanos- pores. G.S. West (British Freshwater Algae) says it is very local.” It is widely distributed in our islands, but conditions are not often suitable for its appearance above ground ; it occurs almost exclusively on drying mud —in ponds or on mud thrown out from a canal, and is not uncommon on chalk mud but the nature of the mud does not matter.” The naked eye appearance of this curious plant is roughly expressed by saying that it re- sembles small pale-green globules clustered together on the surface of the mud, which description will, I hope, enable our readers to recognize it, should they chance to come across it. WILTSHIRE NEWSPAPERS—PAST AND PRESENT, Part UL. (Continued) THE NEWSPAPERS OF SOUTH WILTS. iBy Mrs. Herpert Ricwarpson, B.A., sometime Scholar of St. Hugh’s College, OoGa Section 2.—THE OLDEST EXISTING WILTSHIRE NEWSPAPER—7Z/e Salisbury and Winchester Journal (1729—present day ). The oldest existing Wiltshire newspaper, Zhe Salisbury and Winchester Journal, has a history of much interest to the student of the early provincial press. It dates indubitably from the year 1736, and there is the strongest evidence for assigning its inception to the year 1729. As in the case of other provincial newspapers with a claim to more than a hundred years continuous existence, the data provided by extant early issues are, unfortunately, scanty. No Salisbury _ paper seems to have appeared between 1716, when Farley’s Salisbury Post Man* presumably came to an end, and 1729, when what is sometimes erroneously referred to as the “ First Salsbury Journal ” was originally issued; certainly none exist. In 1729, however, the enterprise of a Salisbury newspaper was again taken up, this ‘time wilh more prospect of success, as its promoter was a local bookseller and not, ag Samuel Farley had been, a printer-errant with no real stake in the city. It was probably at the end of May or beginning of June, 1729, ‘that The Salisbury Journal for the first time appeared. The date ig arrived at by the not entirely reliable method of counting back from an available number, for of this early issue of the paper (as in the case of The Salisbury Postman) one copy only exists. This is Number LVIIL.,? for Monday, July 6th, 1730. It is a small _ 1 For Parts I. and i, by Mr. J. J. Slade, and Section 1 of Part III., by \Mrs. Richardson, see Wilts Arch. Mag., xl., pp. 37T—74, 129—141, 318—351. 2 See Part III, Section 1, of Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. | 3In the possession OE the proprietors of Zhe Salisbury and Woinchester | \Jour nal. 54 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. quarto publication, measuring 123in. by 92in., containing four pages, and printed on a very coarse handmade paper with no apparent watermark. Its title runs:— “Numb. LVIII. / The Salisbury Journal / Containing the most Material Occurrences both Foreign and Domestick | Monday, July Caio And the heading shows a rough but attractive woodcut view of the city, flanked on the one side by the arms of New Sarum and on the other by a monogram, W.C. and B.C. intertwined. At the bottom of the front page is “ (Price Two Pence),” and at the foot of the last the endorsement, “Sarum: printed by Charles Hooton, at the Printing Office in Milford Street, where all Sorts of Printing Busi- . hess are done after the best Manner at Reasonable Rates.” The contents comprise news from London, Scotland, Ireland, and the English counties, with paragraphs from Calais, Milan, the Hague (there is special mention of “ our Hague letter”), and even from Boston and St. Christopher’s ; and the usual lists of Marriages, ~ Deaths, Preferments and Bankrupts, with the Bills of Mortality | for London and Westminster, and the Prices of goods “at Bear- Key” and at Salisbury. There is no local news, and few local advertisements besides those of Hooton, the printer, and of the two booksellers, William Collins and Edward Easton. The paper closes with the following rather pathetic postscript :—“N.B. This Paper not being encouraged according to Expectation, I shall from this time decline it; but al! other Printing Business will be perform’d after the best Manner By Yours, etc., Charles Hooton.” This earliest known number of The Salisbury Journal thus pro- vides rather fully the necessary data for its own history. It had run apparently for fifty-eight numbers, and, as far as one can rely @ on the method of numbering back, probably dated from May 25th, ~ 1729. Its promoter was William Collins, a bookseller carrying on © business at the Bible and Crown in Silver Street, whose proprietor- ship 1s confirmed by the monogram on the paper’s heading—W.C. and B.C.,—which obviously combines his initials with those of his — brother Benjamin. The first-person phrasing of the postscript ; quoted further shows that Hooton the printer must have been a By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 55 partner in the enterprise. It is, incidentally, noticeable that many of the great eighteenth-century booksellers produced interesting work at early stages in their careers in partnership with local printers,! and later set up printing offices of their own. Hooton’s unfortunate “declining” of the paper may possibly have been the fault of the promoter himself. William Collins’s advertisement shows that he purveyed (as did Edward Easton also) the highly popular Craftsman, together with The London Gazette and Foq’s Journal, all at 2s. per quarter ; and the people of Salisbury, hardly | : inured (in spite of Samuel Farley’s efforts) to the habit of a local newspaper, probably found the easily-obtained London papers adequate to their needs and so failed to ‘‘encourage” this new enterprise. | But The Salisbury Journal was not dead. Its promoter was a man tenacious of his original scheme, and within a few years a new issue of the paper appeared. Hatcher mentions a “ first number ” dated November 27th, 1736, and published on a Tuesday. Of this _ copy all traces have disappeared, but it is clear that the proprietor- ship was the same as that of the original Number LVITI.2 The oldest existing copy for the late ‘thirties that can now be traced is one in a volume of odd Salisbury Journals in the Salisbury Public Library, endorsed “ Number 51, Monday, January 15th, 17389" (1739 NS.).. The hopeless unreliability of the old systein of numbering makes examination of the evidence offered by these early issues of old provincial papers very difficult, and deductions arrived at by “ counting back” are seldom sound. Obviously, in the case of Whe Salisbury Journal, re-numbering must have taken place, or there may have been gaps in the issue (owing to further temporary. lack of “ encouragement”) between November, 1736, and January, 1739. It is not impossible that there may even have | been an earlier re-issue between July, 1730, and November, | 1736, of which, as of Hatcher's “ first number” for the latter year, | no trace remains. 1 See Part III., Section 1, on Samuel Farley and Philip Bishop as printers and booksellers in Exeter. * History of Salisbury, Chap. XLIII. 56 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. The traditions of the paper itself have, however, always upheld the date 1729 as that of Zhe Salisbury Journal's first establishment.+ And if to this tradition is added the evidence from continuity of pro- prietorship, title and general scheme—even if incontestible con- tinuity of issue, to which few provincial newspapers can lay sound claim prior to 1750, cannot be proved—it is entirely accurate to assert that The Salisbury Journal bas, with certain vicissitudes 1 its earlier career, existed as the same paper from its first inception in 1729 to the present day, An examination of “Number 51” and subsequent issues for 17392 proves this identity of proprietorship, title and scheme. The paper is first—in January, 1739—“ Printed for William Collins, bookseller in Silver Street”; and before March of the same year the inevitable change from bookseller working in co-operation with printer to bookseller-printer takes place, and the endorsement 1s :— “Printed: by W. Collins and Comp, at the Printing Office on the Ditch.” The “Company” of the Collins firm was undoubtedly — William’s brother Benjamin, whose initials had appeared combined — with his in the issue of 1729—30. And it is highly probable that the new ‘Printing office on the Ditch ” was the old Farley tene- — ment of which, a few years later, the firm took complete possession. — * ‘The title of the paper ran now as follows :— “The Salisbury Journal: / or { Weekly Advertiser / ” the essential Salisbury Jowrnal thus remaining and the more modern “ Weekly Advertiser ” replacing the, by 1739, old-fashioned phrase- ology as to ‘‘ Material Occurrences, Foreign and Domestick.” The - heading is attractively varied from time to time by the addition of woodcuts, the familiar postman, or a hand holding a bunch of flowers, and by appropriate Latin mottoes (after the fashion of the — old Spectator), such as Prodesse et delectare, or E. pluribus unwm. It was published on a Monday, as was the issue of 1729—30, — though before 1740 this was changed to Tuesday, Salisbury market 1B. C. Collins’s bill-heads, for example, in accounts for the year 1800, describe the paper as ‘‘ of more than seventy years establishment.” 7 ? There are forty numbers for 1739 in the volume quoted. Messrs. Sells, — of Fleet Street, also possess a copy of The Salisbury Journal for November 27th, 1739, among their valuable collection of old newspapers. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. Bi, day; and its price was still two-pence. Its form had altered but slightly since 1730. It was still a quarto publication, but of larger size, measuring 15$ inches by 11, and containing four pages, and was printed on a coarse hand-made paper, with, again, no apparent water-mark. In its general scheme the paper followed the lines of the older issue. ‘I'here are the same varied news items and the same paucity of local news, other than that occurring from time to time in the Lists of Bankrupts, Preferments, etc. Local advertisements, ex- cept those of the booksellers and inn-keepers,! are also rare. Lhe Salisbury Jowrnal had in fact by January, 1739, surmounted the obstacles of its early career. From this date, with traceable re- numberings and occasional errors in numbering, there is indubitable proof of the paper’s continuous issue, And by 1740 it seems to _ have achieved a position secure against further lack of “ encourage- ment,” anda really wide circulation. It had agents in London—* Astley, Bookseller in St. Panl’s Churchyard ”—and at Farringdon, : Gloucester, Chippenham, Sherborne, Taunton, Limington, Bath and Devizes. It had even triumphed over the rival bookseller, _and was to be purchased not only of its proprietor, but ‘ At _ Edward Easton’s Public Library in Silver Street.” Its range was, _ moreover, steadily widening, ‘There are still the old varied reports from England and abroad —in 1740 “our correspondent at Jamaica ” is quoted, as had bee “our Hague letter” in 1730. But events of general interest are now more fully dealt with, and local hap- _ penings, such as the Melksham Riots, really adequately reported ; | while well-chosen extracts from the London press, particularly | from Fielding’s Champion, of 1739—40, also begin to appear. | It was in 1740, between July 8th and August 12th, that the death of William Collins brought about a change of management, and the paper passed into the hands of his brother Benjamin, who had been associated with it from its inception in 1729 and to whose business enterprise and vigorous personality the old Salisbury : ‘The eighteenth-century provincial inn was a registry and enquiry Office, as well as a theatre and sales depot. The old advertisements of the Salisbury inns provide much data on local history. 58 Wiltshire Ne ewspapers— Past and Present, Journal owes much. Benjamin Collins was truly, to use a hack- neyed but graphic expression, the father of The Salisbury Journal. Under his management the paper made yet more remarkable pro- gress. New features appeared; “characters” or memoirs of cele- brated persons, especially those about whom hung the glamour of the gallows and the headsman’s axe, such as Elizabeth Jeffereys, the murderegs, or the rebels of the ’Forty-Five; and extracts not only from the political London journals, but from the fashionable essay-papers of the mid-eighteenth century, the Rambler, Idler, Connoisseur and World. Fielding’s papers, it is interesting to find, are still frequently drawn on, and there are long quotations from his fiercely anti-Jacobite True Patriot of 1745—6 and from the caustic social satires of The Covent Garden Journal of 1752 ; while The Salisbury Journal itself developed a satirical vein at the expense of fashion and social follies, which expressed itself in neatly-turned “Letters to the Author”! or witty Anacreontic verse. ‘The printing of the paper and of its headings was still, as in the ’thirties, attractively varied—the late forties show a par- ticularly pretty title with foliated letters and woodcuts of the conventional news-bringers, the ship and postman. Late in 1741 The Journal moved to new premises. An advertise- ment of December 29th announces that “ Benjamin Collins, Book- seller and Stationer, at the Bible and Crown in Silver Street, is remov’d higher up, into this Corner Shop, fronting the Poultry Cross (late in the occupation of Mr. Thomas Smith, Apothecary) | by whom are sold Books in all Faculties and Parts of hearing, as cheap as in London.” With the aid of the Salisbury Rate-Books it is quite easy to identify these earliest homes of The Salisbury Journal. Two houses, | each belonging to a Mr, Collins,? appear side by side in the survey — *“ Author,” until quite late in the eighteenth century, is used far more — frequently*than the modern “Editor.” ‘The “ Letter to the Author” was | almost invariably the work of a regular member of a paper’s staff. (See the eighteenth century comedies, especially Foote’s Bankrupt and Motley’s — Craftsman.) | * The Rate-Books, unfortunately, never give initials, which, in this case, would be very helpful. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 59 of the Mitre Chequer made for land-tax in 1741. The first 1s more highly rated, and presumably the larger. The collector seems to have started at the corner opposite the Assembly Rooms and gone steadily round the chequer, the number of houses until the first Collins house is reached being the same as would to-day bring us to the premises of Mr. David Stevens. Mr. Stevens's premises are known partly to cover those of the old Mitre and Crown Inn, kept at this date by one Francis Collins. The next house, therefore (part of the samé premises, which to-day comprise three houses), was in all probability the Bible and Crown, Mr. Benjamin Collins’s bookshop. Further on the collector notes the houses on “the South side of the Butcher Row,” of which the first belongs to Mr. Smith. Collins’s move “higher up” in 1741 was thus to the corner house, which is now in the occupation of Mr. J. W. Clark. i | | In “this Corner Shop” printing and publishing seem to have _ been carried on together, and the paper issues from “the Printing | office opposite the Poultry Cross,” there being no further mention _ of that “onthe Ditch.” In 1748, however, a final move took place, _ advertised on May 9th as follows :— “The Printing Office, Stamp Office and Bookseller's shop by Benjamin Collins, which were at the Corner- House opposite the Poultry Cross, in this City, are now removed from thence to the New Canal (formerly called The Ditch) and into the House late in the possession of Messieurs. Tatum and Still, Apothecaries.” There is little doubt that Zhe Journal was now established upon premises which included the earliest home of newspaper enterprise in Salisbury, the tenement from which had issued Samuel Farley’s Salisbury Post Man of 1715—16. Benjamin Collins had not only acquired large and dignified | premises for his Journal. He was also steadily increasing its | circulation, its agents now being found in Newport, Blandford, ‘Southampton, Dorchester, and Exeter, as well as in the towns |enumerated in 1740. But no measure of his did more to enhance the importance and generally to widen the scope of the paper than 1 See Part IIL, Section 1, Welts Arch. Mag., xl., 318—351, on the identity ‘of the Farley and Collins premises. 60 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. his establishment of close business relations, which date from about 1743,1 with the noted London house of John Newbery, of “ The Bible and Sun in St. Paul’s Church Yard.” It must be remembered that the eighteenth-century bookseller was also a purveyor of perfumery and patent medicines, so that Benjamin Collins sold at his shop on the New Canal Dr. James’s celebrated Fever Powder and similar medicines for which Newbery was patentee, as well as those “enter- taining books for children ” for the publication of which “the phil- anthropic bookseller of St. Paul’s Church Yard” is justly famous. These business relations with John Newbery, and also with John’s printer-nephew, Francis, led to a famous bit of printing coming in the way of The Salisbury Journal, from whose offices there issued in 1766 the first edition of The Vicar of Wakefield—“ Printed by B, Collins For F. Newbery in Pater-Noster Row, London.” An interesting letter of Benjamin Collins, dated January 2nd, 1766, has recently been discovered, and may here be quoted. It is a business communication to a Mr. Nousse, a bookseller in the Strand, and concludes with a reference to the works of oue Mr. Harris :— ‘“As Mr. Harris’s Books don’t seem to move here I woud advise you to advertise em in the Salisbury Journal, otherwise twill be known but to few in these Parts that they are publishd, you may see the Paper every week at the Chapter Coffee House, Paul’s Church Yard, or at Mr. Newbery’s. I am Sir, Yr. Humb: Servt B. Collins.” There is much character in the old pointed handwriting, and the crisp phrasing of the whole letter is essentially business-like. The most valuable data for an account of Benjamin Collins’s business activities have unfortunately disappeared. Mr, Charles Welsh, in his Life of John Newbery, quotes repeatedly fromthe account-books of Benjamin Collins, but all efforts to trace these account-books at the present day have proved fruitless. From Mr, Welsh’s excerpts, however, we gather that Collins held a position . of some weight in the literary world of his day, and was possessed of a very shrewd knowledge as to what productions were of real quality and therefore worth financing. In the most steadily ' See Mr. Charles Welsh’s Life of John Newbery. - heal ~ ee By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 61 successful of all the eighteenth-century monthly periodicals, Z'he Gentleman's Magazine, we find that he held a twelfth share; 1n The Monthly Review a fourth; in The Rambler a sixteenth; and in one of the most popular of the contemporary Pocket-Books, Zhe Daily Journal or Gentleman's and Tradesman’s Annual Account Book for the Pocke-—“ my own scheme” he calls it—a third. In an important London newspaper, Zhe London Chronicle or Universal Evening Post, he was also for some time a shareholder, and this, too, he notes was “imy own scheme at the setting out.’ In the domain of fiction, besides working with Newbury in the launching of he Vicar of Wakefield, he held an eighteenth share in Richardson’s Pamela, and was an equal partner, with William Jolinson, in the publication of Smollett’s Humphrey Clinker. A fine record of business acumen and sound literary judgment for a provincial bookseller? In October, 1775, however, Benjamin Collins severed his con- nection with The Salisbury Journal, advertising in the issue for October 21st that he ‘‘begs leave to acquaint the public that the Printing Bookselling and Stationary Business which has for so many years been carried on by himself and Brother before him, is now continued by his son, Benjamin Charles Collins and J. Johnson only, the same House and Shop on the New Canal as usual.” Probably Benjamin Collins was finding his extensive banking _ business (generally referred to simply as “the Bank in this City ”) | sufficiently exacting, especially as at this date he was also appointed “Receiver and Exchanger of the Light Gold Coin of the Realm,” ! This remarkable fair of Benjamin Collins for what was of real greatness in the eighteenth-century novel lends weight to a theory of the writer’s that Henry Fielding may have written for the early Salzsbury Journal. | The constant quotations from the Fielding newspapers, already noted, and _a clever ode in praise of 7he Champion, which appears in the issue for . | August 26th, 1740, are significant. Fielding had married a Salisbury lady . | in 1785, and was living at East Stower until late in 1737. It is not im- | possible that Kenjamin Collins was shrewd enough to appreciate the genius _of the young man of letters then living in his neighbourhood and to invite | occasional contributions from a pen of which the mordant humour would have been quite to his taste. It is impossible, without the missing early ‘numbers, to follow the theory further. | 62 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. and was vigorously promoting the sale of tickets and shares in the State Lotteries. To these financial activities he seems to have devoted the remainder of his days, though he still occasionally speculated in literary ventures, as the accounts already quoted show. He died on February loth, 1785, at his bouse on the New Canal, in the sixty-eighth year of his age. His bank was re-opened in August, 1786, as the “ Firm of Collins, Brown, Smith, & Tamlyn,” ? Meanwhile Benjamin Charles Collins had taken over the manage- ment of a highly efficient provincial paper—‘ The largest as well as most extensive country paper in the whole kingdom.”? It was now The Salisbury and Winchester *® Journal or General Advertiser for Wilts, Hants, Dorset and Somerset, having: changed its title in December, 1772, and circulated widely in Wilts, Hants, Dorset, Somerset, Berks, and part of Devon, while it was algo to be con- sulted at most of the London Coffee-Houses, particularly ab the Loudon, Chapter, Guildhall and Peele’s, where agents took in advertisements: and “articles of intelligence. ” “B. C; Collins had at the outset of his management to cope with an increase in the Newspaper Tax (an additional half-penny), which came into force in July, 1776, ‘We shall be under the disagreeable necessity,” he writes, “of raising our price to Three Pence the Paper we propose to make it a Penny better in value”; and- then proceeds to criticise the new duty in a very sound editorial. But — the paper seems to have suffered in no way by this increase in — price, and in 1780 its circulation* had reached the Tey bgt figure of upwards of 4,000 weekly. ; The progress of Zhe Salisbury Journal under B. C. Collins’s management was consistently prosperous. In 1783 it began the year with new type aud a beautiful heading i in old English capital “cut on purpose ‘by Mr. Caslon, the first letter founder of the age ” ; 3 and in 1784 it received the doubtful flattery of imitation, a pirated 1 Benjamin Charles Collins, Thomas Brown, junior, Richard Smith, and William Tamlyn. 2 re for July 15th, 1776. * The first printer and purveyor for Winchester was J. Wilkes. 4 Most of the copies were delivered by special newsmen, who went their rounds on foot. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. | 63 edition with the same name being for some time circulated on Sundays by a Hampshire printer. In January, 1786,! Collings started his interesting monthly, The County Magazine, which ran successfully until December, 1792. And in 1789 the paper had once again to cope with an increase in the Newspaper Tax,? which on July 29th necessitated an advance in price to threepence half- | penny—an occasion, as in 1776, for an editorial on excellent _ economic lines. | : | Meanwhile Zhe Jowrnal’s actual. contents maintained a high level of interest, worthy of the stirring times which coincide his- torically with the BC Collins management—the war with the American Colonies, the Gordon Riots, the French Revolution, and the tremendous struggle with with anti-monarchical and Napoleonic ‘France. To all these great events Whe Salisbury Journal does full Justice, and its sound editorial comments (already referred to in the case of newspaper taxation) on general public and foreign affairs are excellent reading. It-is noticeable that these’ editorial paragraphs—real leaders ini the modern: sense of the word—first appear in. the time of B. C. Collins. The letters from correspon- | dents at home and abroad, and. quotations from other ‘important newspapers® (early features of the paper) are still notably interest- ing: ee | | ~ Benjamin Collins was, moreover, largely a man of business like his father, During his proprietorship the old relations with Lon- don firms holding patents for various medicines, and especially with the house of Newbery, were continued. The still existing records of Messrs. Francis Newbery & Sons show how large the jturnover from this department must have been. One extract runs, ' See Part IIL, Section 1, Wilts Arch. Mag., xl.,345, on The County Mag- azine. *The red duty stamp, still visible on old newspapers, bore the pretty ‘levice of a crowned rose and thistle, and increased in size by repeated ad- ‘litions of the word “ half-penny,” above and below this, as the tax mounted in value. | 3 The Salisbury Journal quotes from The Boston Independent Chronicle ind Virginia Gazette during the American War, and from Le Vieux Cor- velver and other French journals during the Revolution period. | 64 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. “Received of Francis Newbery, Esquire, Fourteen hundred and seventy one pounds and six shillings, being the Ballance of Snuff, stamps, and Medicines account due December 31, 1796. £1471. 6. 0. March 9th, 1797. Ben. Chas. Collins.” The old banking business of Benjamin Collins was also an important activity of his son’s, and a London office was started in connection with it in 1798. It was at his London house in Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, that Benjamin Charles Collins died suddenly of an apoplectic fit on January 29th, 1808 | He had long been an Alderman of tle Corporation and was deeply regretted as a notable man of business and prominent citizen,and also for his philanthropy. Some charming valedietory verses in the issue of Zhe Salisbury Journal for February 22nd, 1808, pay tribute to his “ feeling charity ” and “gentle heart.” For a few months The Salisbury Journal was once again under the management of a W. Collins. But on June 23rd, 1808, William Bird Brodie, “in equal partnership with John Dowding and Jolin Luxford,” succeeded to The Journal “and other annexed Business,” the different departments of which they had “for many years past conducted,’’? William Bird Brodie, proprietor for forty years of The Salisbury Journal, was a brother of the distinguished surgeon, Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, and a nephew of B. ©. Collins, whose sister (a daughter of Benjamin Collins) had married the Rev. Peter Bellinger Brodie, of Winterslow, sometime Chaplain to the Salis- bury Infirmary. The paper was thug still under the influence of what we may call the Collins tradition. | The Salisbury Journal was, at the date of this fourth change of proprietorship, an important sixpeuny weekly, It had been forced to © raise its price to fourpence in May, 1794, to come into line with the mnajority of London and provincial papers, and had then enlarged — its size to a bigger quarto, 154 inches by 21, of four pages, with — tive columns to the page. ‘This was still its size in 1808, though ~ the heavy increase in the Newspaper 'ax of July, 1797, had brought : | the price up to sixpence:—-“ Stamp Duty threepence half-penny, | y Paper and Print twopence half-penny,” Zhe Journal carefully Eo 'The Salisbury Journal, June 27th, 1808. By Mrs, Herbert Richardson. 65 specifies, and reminds its readers that “more than one half of the sum is devoted to the Service of the Country.” In May, 1809, “The advance in price of paper and material of Printing” necessi- tated a further rise to sixpence half-penny; and in September, 1815, when the Newspaper Tax reached its highest figure (four- pence), the price became sevenpence. It still circulated extensively in Wilts, Hants, Dorset and Somerset, and had its own London agents, Messrs. Tayler & Newton, of Warwick Square, and Mr. Wilkie, of Paternoster Row. The development of The Salisbury Journal during the early years of the nineteenth century is full of interest. ‘The changing points of view of these restless years are reflected in its volumes ; gradually it appeals to a larger and more democratic class of readers and lends itself more fully to the increased interest in social and political questions which follows the Peace of 1815. And when the culminating demand for Parliamentary Reform comes in 1831 | —2, The Salisbury Journal has finally acquired an assured position, | not as a disseminator of news only, but as a paper with a policy of | its own, and a moulder of public opinion, William Bird Brodie was himself a keen politician and an ardent | reformer, and Zhe Salisbury Journal tremendously influenced local feeling on this question, feeling which expressed itself in a re- ‘markable outburst of enthusiasm in Salisbury on the passing of the great Reform Bill in 1832. Indeed the paper at this period, as in the days of Benjamin Collins, owed much to the vigorous personality and many activities of its proprietor, who was Mayor of the city in 1812, one of its Members from 1832—43, when he _ resigned his seat, and Lieutenant-Colonel of the Salisbury Volunteer Infantry from the formation of the corps late in 1830 till its dis- _bandment in 1840. ! — On November 5th, 1847, however, “ William Bird Brodie and ees George Brodie, Bankers of Salisbury,’ were gazetted | bankrupt, and the old banking business, so long associated with The Salisbury Journal, came to an end. A brief and dignified advertisement stated that “ Notwithstanding the unfortunate event ‘that has taken place, the Bookselling and Printing Business on the } VOL. XLI.—NO. OXXXII a Fr 66 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. Canal will be carried on as usual.” But the failure necessitated much sacrifice of property to meet the demands of creditors,’ and on October 7th, 1848, the following advertisement appeared :— “The Assignees of the estate of Messrs. Brodie have sold by Private | Contract their Interest in Zhe Salisbury and Winchester Journal, and in the Printing, Stationery, and Bookselling Businesses carried on at the Premises on the New Canal, Salisbury.” The purchaser of The Journal was Mr, James Bennett, and of the bookselling busi- ~ ness Mr. George Brown. The old combination of businesses, fitted to the slower development of the eighteenth century, was unsuited to the nineteenth, and Zhe Journal's progress since 1848 has been unhampered by allied business considerations. Mr. James Bennet was, like his predecessors, a man of public activities, He had been elected Mayor of the city in 1825, Chamberlain in 1826, and Alderman in 1827, and was, at his death in 1859, senior magistrate of Salisbury, having been elected in 1832, under the old corporation, and also named in the first Com- mission of the Peace of 1835. On his death in 1859: The Salisbury Journal was for some time carried on by his widow and other © members of his family, until his son, Mr. Edmund Grove Bennett, became managing proprietor, successfully conducting the paper for over a quarter of a century. After Mr. E. G. Bennett’s death in 1895, his son, Mr. Cecil George Bennett became the — manager, and has carried on The Journal until the present day, except whilst absent on service for some five years during the late war, when for the greater part of that time it was in the hands of his brother, Mr. William E. Bennett. The Salisbury Journal of which Mr. James Bennett became _ proprietor in 1848 had the old wide circulation in the western — counties and was still “forwarded by the Post to several Coffee Houses in the cities of London, Bath, Bristol, and Exeter and to the universities.” It was in size a yet larger quarto, 19} inches by 244, of four pages (sometimes six), with seven columns to the page, and its price had come down, with the reduction in| 1 The estate finally realised considerably over 20s. in the #. By Mrs, Herbert Richardson. — 67 the Stamp Duty of September, 1836, to fivepence. Its changes during the Bennett management have all been, as another writer on The Journal has remarked, in the direction of enlargement of size and reduction in price. In 1854 the Stamp Duty ceased to be fiscal, remaining as a postage stamp only, so that the actual price of the paper became fourpence. The duty’s final abolition in 1870 and the establishment of the half-penny postage rate did not affect The Journal's net price. But in July, 1880, “owing to the “great reduction in price of newspapers and the increasing desire for news evinced by all classes,” it went down to twopence. A considerable increase in circulation naturally followed, and in January, 1900, “to mark the close of the century,” as the previous number stated, it was reduced to one penny with highly satisfactory results. Its present increase in price (to three half-pence in April, and twopence in October, 1917) has been due, as was that of 1809, to increased cost of production during a period of war. While still in the hands of Mr. James Bennett, The Salisbury Journal, maintaining its large quarto form, inereased its size to eight pages! of six columns to the page ; and the familiar leader, headed by the arms of Salisbury and Winchester, and printed in brevier bype, first appeared. It is noteworthy also that the paper, under the Bennet régime, abandoned the fierce Whiggism of 1832 and returned to the dignified ideal of its eighteenth-century days, « open toall parties, influenced by none,” ? which it has consistently maintained since 1848. | In 1864, the old accommodation proving inadequate, the present Hconvenient and well arranged offices were built. On October 21st, 1870, that remarkably successful pamphlet, Zhe Pight at Dame Huropa’s School,* dealing with the question of England’s —_— NS 1 To-day, ten to twelve pages of six columns. | 2A description first applied to The Journal during the bitter election strugele of 1784. _ 3 Part of the old premises, including, it is supposed; the poets home of - The Salisbury Post Man of 1715, still remain. | 4The pamphlet, with its translations and imitations, has a ‘iter pf its own. Ten thousand copies a day were Pradeuuate to the public de- mand i in 1870—T71, and in 1874 it reached its 198rd thousand. Wee 68 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present, neutrality during the Franco-Prussian War, was first printed at The Journal office. To this and The Vicar of Wakefield—The Salisbury Journal’s two most notable printing achievements—imay be added a long list of interesting books and periodicals, issuing from its offices under the Bennett management. Here have been printed The Diocesan Gazette since its inception in 1888 ; The Sarum Almanack, first published in 1857 and printed for sixty-three years by The Jowrnal ; The Gasper, the unofficial organ of the Public Schools Brigade, Royal Fusiliers (September, 1915—September, 1916) ; many publications of the late Bishop Wordsworth’s; many Diocesan and Church publications; Zhe Answer of the Archbishops of England to the Apostolic Letter of Pope Leo XIII, on English Ordination (printed in English, Latin, and French) ; many works on local history, including Mr, Haskins’s Ancient Trade Guilds of Salsbury and Corporation Pictures, Canon Wordsworth’s St. Nicholas Hospital, the late Mr. H. J. Swayne’s Churchwardens’ Ac- counts of St. Thomas (and of St. Edmund’s), Mr. Doran Webb’s History of Ramsbury, the late Mr. T. H. Baker’s St. Martin's Church, the late Mr. J. E. Nightingale’s Church Plate, and The Festival Book of Salisbury, edited by Mr. Frank Stevens; and Flock and Herd Books, including Zhe Hampshire Down Flock Book and The National Pig Breeders’ Association Herd Book. During this period many journalists well known in the news- paper world have been connected with The Salisbury Journal. Mr. J. L. Veitch, who, under the pseudonym of “ Leith Derwent” pub- lished several successful novels, articles, and short stories, was editor from 1895, when he succeeded Mr. C. C. Osborne, till his death in 1904; and Mr. W. Liard Clowes, the naval expert, was a member of the staff, on which also Foster Hughes once served as reporter. The old provincial press of England has been dismissed by most writers on newspaper history as negligible and uninteresting. © Detailed study of an old-established provincial newspaper, winning its way from smal! and difficult beginnings to a position of assured — importance, and combining in that position the developments of modern journalism with the dignified traditions of the past, . ’ . By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 69 presents, on the contrary, a fascinating story of courage and enter- prise. Of this story at its best the history of The Salisbury and Winchester Journal is typical. The writer has been much indebted: to the kindness of the following: Mr. C. G. Bennett and Mr. W. E. Bennett for access to old Salisbury Journals and much kind help, and to Mr. C. G. Bennett for reading the MS. of this article; Mr. Arthur White- head, and Mr. A. E. Butcher, of the Salisbury Public Library, for access to old Journals; Mr. Haskins for: help in consulting the Salisbury Rate Books; Mr. Sparks for information as to The Fight at Dame Europa’s School; Mr, Chas. H. Sell, of Messrs. Sells, Limited, Fleet Street, for the loan of a very early Jowrnal from the | Sells Collection ; and Mr. Arthur Le Blanc Newbery,. of Messrs. | Francis Newbery & Sons, for information as to the Collins and | Newbery business relations. | EHrratwm.—In Part IIL, Vol. xl, p. 320, 1. 1, for “ No. 11,” read a Niogele, 70 WILTS OBITUARY. Sir John Tankerville Goldney, Kt., died April 11th, 1920. Buried at Corsham. B.June 15th, 1846, at Beechfield House, Corsham. Third s. of Sir Gabriel Goldney, Bart. Educated at Harrow and Trin. Col., Camb. B.A. 1867 ; LL.B. 1868. Called to the Bar, Inner Temple, _ 1869. Practised on the Northern Circuit and lived at Birkenhead, where he married Jane Macgregor, d. of John Laird, in 1875. After her death in 1911 he married, secondly, Alice Frances Holbrow Goldney, d. of Major Frederick Napier Goldney, 8th Gurkha Rifles, who survives him. Appointed Attorney General of the Leeward Islands, 1880, and in 1881 Acting Chief Justice; 1863 to 1877 a puisne judge in British Guiana, and 1887 to 1892 in The Straits Settlements. In 1892 Chief Justice of Trinidad; knighted 1893. On his retirement in 1900 he came to live at Monks Park, which was left to him by his father. He possessed property at Warmley, nr. Bristol, and was connected with the Crown collieries there. He was a director of the Capital & Counties Bank and of Cammell Lairds, Birkenhead. J.P. for Wilts, 1900, and Vice-Chairman of the Chippenham bench, Alderman of the County Council, and Chairman of the County Licensing Committee, anda ~ Governor of Chippenham County School. He took an active and useful part in all sorts of county and local business. He was High Sheriff in — 1910. He was an active supporter of the Association of Wiltshiremen — in London. A Conservative and churchman, he acted as lay reader at Corsham. S Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, April 15th; Weltshare 7tmes, with portrait, April 17th, 1920. Major Justly William Awdry, died Oct. 1st, 1919, aged 100. Buried at Chippenham Cemetery. Born Oct. 24th, 1818, at The Pad- docks, Chippenham, where he died. S. of William Henry Awdry. — Admitted a solicitor 1843, he practised and lived at Melksham, and © retiring in 1884 came to live at “‘ The Paddocks,” Chippenham, which ~ had been rebuilt by his brother Frederick. He was actively connected with the early days of Volunteering, joining as an ensign in the Melksham Company in 1860, and in 1864 rose to the command of the — - company, which he retained for twenty years, retiring with the rank of major. On May 29th, 1911, at the age of 92, he attended in uniform at the Levee of Volunteer veterans at Buckingham Palace and as the oldest Volunteer present was especially noticed by the King. On the’ occasion of his centenary, Oct., 1918, he received a congratulatory address from the Corporation of Chippenham and a letter from the King conveying his congratulations to him as “ possibly the oldest Volunteer officer in England.” He was an earnest churchman, and had served for a time as Town Councillor and Guardian. He married — Miss Capel. | Wilts Obitwary. 71 Obit. notices, Waltshire Times, with portrait, Oct. 4th; Weltshire Gazette (reprinting a notice of his life which appeared on the occasion of his centenary); and Weltshire Advertiser, Oct. 9th, 1919. Major William Henry Brinkworth, aged 77, died Oct 2nd, 1919. Buried at the Old Cemetery, Chippenham. Born at Chippenham. S. of J. H. Brinkworth, Mayor in 1858. Worked ina bank at Wootton Bassett, succeeded to his father’s business as coal merchant at Chip- penham, from which he retired some years ago. He was best known as a keen Volunteer, and commanded B. Company, retiring some years ago with the rank of major. He was an excellent shot and a most popular officer. He was a member of the Town Council for many years, and of the Board of Guardians, For many years he was organist at the Congregational Chapel and a prominent Freemason. Obit. notice, Weltshire Gazette, Oct. 9th, 1919. Erlysman Pinckney. died Jan. 3lst, 1920, aged 81. Buried at Bishopstrow. 8. Dec. 15th, 1838. 8S. of Erlysman Charles Pinckney, of Berwick St. James. lJiducated at Eton and Exeter Coll., Oxon. B.A. 1861, M.A. 1864. Called to the Bar (Inner Temple) 1863. J.P. for Wilts, and chairman of the Bradford-on-Avon bench 1900. An original Alderman of Wilts County Council, he took a prominent part in county business and was chairman of the County Finance Committee and County Rate Basis Committee for some years. Chairman of Conservative Working Men’s Benefit Society 1887 to 1904. A strong Conservative he took an active part in elections in West Wilts. He married, 1870, Frances Elizabeth Mary, d. of James Cusack, of Knock- bane, who died 1889, leaving two sons, Erlysman Charles, of Monkton Farleigh, and J. Robert Hugh, of Newbury. He married, secondly, March 30th, 1910, Alice Sophia, widow of Col. G. M. Shewell, R.M.L.L., who died Nov. 23rd, 1917. Since 1912 he had lived at ‘‘ Highbury,’ Warminster. Before that he lived at S. Wraxall. Obit notice and portrait, Waltshire Times, Feb. 7th, 1920. ‘Canon Edwin George Wyld. died Dec. 27th, 1919, aged 73. Buried at Melksham. Eldest s. of Rev. William Thomas Wyld, Rector of Woodborough, 1835—1873, whore he was born May 7th, 1847. Ex. Coll, Oxon. B.A. 1868. Deacon 1870, priest 1871 (Gloucester and Bristol). Curate of Hullavington 1870—72; Rector of Gratwich and Kingstone (Staffs) 1872—73; Rector of Woodborough 1873—81 ; Curate of Manningford Bohune 1874—81; Vicar of Mere 1881—90 ; Vicar of Melksham 1890—1919. Canon and Preb. of Salisbury 1900. Rural Dean of Bradford Deanery. He married, 1872, Mary Caroline, d. ot Sir Hungerford Pollen, Bart., of Rodbourne, who died 1911. Their son, Capt. George Richard, was killed in France, Dec. 25th, 1914. Three daughters, Frances, Katherine, and Jessie, survive him. He had resigned the living of Melksham three months before his death. In all three of his parishes, Woodborough, Mere, and Melksham, Canon Wyld showed the energy, the earnestness, and the power of organisation 72 Wilts Obituary. which had made him so successful in each as a parish priest. He was as well known in the diocese at Jarge as he was in his own parishes. He took especially a leading part in the diocese in the work of the Church of England Temperance Society. At Melksham in the course of twenty years, the Church, which had been spoilt by the “Restoration” of Wyatt in 1845, and was a building without much interest or beauty, was transformed into one of the most richly and beautifully furnished Churches in the county. He took a leading part in all the public life of — Melksham, and though he never compromised his own views as a strong Churchman, he was respected and esteemed equally by Nonconformists and by Churchpeople. This was shown at the public presentation which was made to him on behalf of the inhabitants on Sept. 27th, 1919, when he resigned the living. Melksham Cottage Hospital owes much to his interest. He was also a firm supporter and one of the trustees of the Wilts Friendly Society. A long appreciation with a good portrait of him appeared in the Wiltshire Times, Oct. 4th, 1919, and a long obituary notice in the Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 1st, 1920. Rev. Walter Charles Kirwan Sylvester, died Jan. 12th, 1920, aged 62. S. of Dr. George Mayris Sylvester, of Trowbridge. Sarum Theolog. Coll, 1884. Deaeon 1886, priest 1889(Sarum). Curate of Abbotsbury (Dorset) 1886—1889; Stockton 1889—90; Broadwindsor (Dorset) 1890—91 ; Gillingham (Dorset) 1891—1900 ; Vicar of Chitterne 1900—04; Rector of Hilperton with Whaddon 1904 until his death. He was unmarried. Obit notice and portrait, Wiltshire Times, Jan. 17th, 1920. Rev. William Chell, died March, 1920, aged 77. Univ. Coll, Durham, B.A. 1868, M.A. 1903. Deacon, 1869; Priest, 1871 (Man- chester). Curate of St. James, Rochdale, 1869—74 ; Colwall, 1874— 75 ; Farnsfield, 1875—80; Curate of Mere, 1881, until his death. Obit. notice, Z%mes, March 8th, 1920; Portrait, Dawly Sketch, Feb. 24th, 1920. Thomas Arkell, died Nov. 2nd, 1919, aged 85. With his brother James he succeeded to his father’s business as brewer at Stratton St. Margaret in 1881. He lived at Beechcroft, Kingsdown. He sat on the County Council for a time, and was a J.P. for Wilts. He married first Miss Iles, and after her death Miss Coleing, of Highworth. One of his three sons, Philip, survives him. Obit. notice, Waltshire Gazette, Nov. 6th, 1919. George Fulford, died July 2nd, 1919, aged 76. Buried at London Road Cemetery, Salisbury. Born in Salisbury, succeeded his father as baker and grocer in Castle Street. On his retirement he devoted much — of his time to public work in the city. A member of the Town Council, and later an Alderman; Mayor, 1884—5. He took a prominent part in the establishment of the Victoria Park in 1887. J.P. for the city, 1888. Wilts Obituary. 73 He filled various other public offices in the city. He had acted as churchwarden at St. Edmund’s. Obit. notice, Salzsbury Journal, July 5th, 1919. John Mountford, died August, 1919, aged 69. Buried in London Road Cemetery, Salisbury. He was chief clerk and partner (1912) in the firm of Waters & Rawlence, of Salisbury, and was secretary of the Hampshire Down Sheep Breeding Association. An earnest church- man, and member of St. Edmund’s choir for 40 years, he took a large part in establishing and maintaining the C.E.M.S. Soldiers’ Club in High Street. He was for some years on the County Council. His wife, three sons, and two daughters survive him. Obit. notice, Salisbury Journal, August 23rd, 1919. Ebenezer Lane, died Oct. 29th, 1919, aged 89. Buried at Wood- borough. S. of T. W. Lane, of The Croft, Alverstone, Warwickshire. Studied chemistry after leaving school. In 1857 he married the daughter of S. Robbins, of Honeystreet Wharf, and in 1859 he joined his father-in-law in the timber business at the Wharf, and the firm of : Robbins, Lane & Pinniger was established. He was a pioneer in the | manufacture of chemical manures, and was well known as a business | man. He had been churchwarden of Woodborough for over forty | years. Four sons and two daughters survive him. | Obit, notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 6th, 1919. William Nelson Ledbury, died Nov. 11th, 1919, aged 58. Buried at Trowbridge. B. at Trowbridge eb. 7th, 1861. S. of Joseph Led- bury, builder and timber merchant. Office boy in County Court Offices 1873, and remained there 27 years, rising to the practical con- trol of the staff. In 1887 he became first secretary of the Wiltshire Working Men’s Conservative Benefit Society, and its subsequent growth and success was largely due to his energy, and he only gave up this work a week before his death. He filled other public posts at Trowbridge, and was a prominent J'reemason. Obit. notice, Waltshire Gazette, Nov. 13th, 1919. ) William Lancaster, died Nov. 28rd, 1919, aged 76. Buried at Great Cheverell. Born at Great Cheverell, he lived the whole of his life there, except nine years in Birmingham. He had revived the old industry of sheep and cattle bell making, and was the only maker in England. Many of his bells went to Australia, New Zealand, &c., and he was well known at the large sheep and cattle fairs. He leaves a widow and five sons and daughters. By his death the industry again | becomes extinct. | Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Dec. 4th, 1919. Mrs. Percy Wyndham, died March 8th, 1920. Madeline, widow | of Percy Scawen Wyndham, of Clouds, whom she married in 1860, was d. of Major-Gen. Sir Guy Campbell and his wife Pamela, eldest 74 Spencer Leigh Hughes, M.P., died Feb. 22nd, 1920, aged 61. Bibliographical List of the Writings of Stephen _ Wilts Obituary. daughter of Ld. Edward Fitzgerald, the Irish patriot. She was the mother of George Wyndham, the brilliant statesman, who died 1913, and of Mrs. Adeane, Col. Guy Wyndham, the Countess of Wemyss, and Lady Glenconner, who survive her. Zhe Times, March 9th, 1920, in a long appreciation headed “‘ A Strong and Rare Personality,” says ‘“ Wherever she was living, whether at Clouds, her Wiltshire home, or at Belgrave Square, she attracted round her artists in every walk of life; her own painting being far above the attainment of the average amateur. Among many others, Watts and Burne-Jones, like Mr. Arthur Balfour, who was a constant visitor at Clouds, were her close personal friends, and the number of well-known men and women who will mourn her loss is very large. She had personal beauty of a high order, and a character of rare nobility and strength. But aboveall she was a woman of wonderful sympathy, whom everyone knew and every- one loved. ... . Her life was, in short, one of singular beauty and selflessness, and she has left behind her, to hosts of her descendants, and her friends, a tradition and a memory that will never die.” Her last years were saddened by the loss of five of her grandsons in the war. Buried at Ipswich. B. at Trowbridge. S. of a Wesleyan minister there. Familiarly known as “S.L.H.,” he made his reputation as a journalist on the staff of the Morning Leader, afterwards incorporated with the Dasdly News. He wrote for this paper for many years, under the title of “Sub Rosa,” a series of paragraphs dealing in light and witty fashion with current topics, political and others. “In his Press Gallery days (says the Z%mes) he had a great reputation as an after- dinner speaker. For many years he could undoubtedly hold his own with any after-dinner speaker in London . . . He was liked by everybody, and the Press Gallery always had a warm corner in its heart — for ‘S.L.H.’” After unsuccessfully contesting Jarrow in 1907 and Bermondsey in 1910, he was elected for poder 3 and returned again unopposed in 1918. | Obituary notices in most of the London papers; Wilts Advertiser, — Feb. 26th, 1920. Reynolds (of Devizes). An obituary notice of Stephen © Reynolds was printed in Wilts Arch. Mag., xl., 871, but no list of his — . writings was then available. Iam nowable to print the following very — fulland complete list, through the kindness of Mr. Harold Wright, of ~ Banstead, Surrey, whoallows me the use of his list at which he has been working for a long time past. kK. H. Gopparp. Books. A Poor Man’s House. John Lane, London. 1908. A description of the life of Fisher Folk in Devon. Price 6s. Long ~ notice, Devizes Gazette, Oct. 29th, 1908. a Wilts Obituary. | 79 The Holy Mountain. John Lane, London. 1909, Cr. 8vo. The scene is laid at ‘Trowbury,” 7.e., Devizes. Re- viewed, Devizes Gazette, Oct. 7th, 1909. Alongshore, where Man and the Sea face one another. With illustrations by Melville Mackay. Macmillan & Co., London. 1910. Linen. 8in. X 54in., pp. xvii. + 325. A series of articles reprinted from the Westminster Gazette and other magazines and papers. A book of the 8. Devon coast. Price 8s. Noticed, Wiltshire Advertiser, Nov. 3rd, and Wilt- shire Gazette, Nov. 17th, 1910. Seems So! A Working Class View of Politics. By Stephen Reynolds and Bob and Tom Woolley. With frontispiece from a photograph by Melville Mackay. Macmillan, London. 1911. Linen. 8in. X 5iin., pp. XXv1. + 321. 5s. net. Scene laid at Sidmouth. Reviewed at length in many papers. Spectator, Dec. 2nd; Country Life, Dec. 23rd; Waltshire Gazette, Dec. 28th, 1911. First printed as a series of articles in the Spectator in 1909. How ’Iwas. Short Stories and Small Travels. Mac- millan, London. 1912. Extracr. 8vo. 5s. net. 30 short stories, mostly reprinted from various magazines. The Lower Deck. The Navy & the Nation. London. J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd. 1912. Boards with photos on back and sides. 7Zin. X 43in., pp. xi. + 128. Preface by 8. R. dated Sidmouth, 29th Sept., 1912. The Temple Press, Printers, Letchworth. 1s. net. ““Miate’s Illustrated Guides. Devizes and Roundabout. The Official Guide of the Devizes Corporation. By Stephen Reynolds, B.Sc. With forty illustrations from copyright photographs by J. Chivers, Devizes; E. H. Roberts, Marlborough ; Houghton Bros., Trowbridge; and Miell & Ridley, Bournemouth ; and a one-inch Ordnance Map revised as to footpaths by the author. 1906. W. Mate & Sons, Ltd., 62, Commercial Rd., Bournemouth. London: E. Marlborough & Co., 51, Old Bailey, K.C. Manchester: Abel Heywood & Son, Oldham Street.” Oblong limp cloth, 83in. x 5Zin. Price 6d. net. pp. about, 75 un-numbered. Many advertisements intermixed with letter- press and good photos of Devizes and neighbouring places. Articles published in Newspapers and Magazines, | many of them incorporated later in his books. The Career and Opinions of Dr. Ahasuerus Tims, B.Sc., Ph. D. OQOwen’s Coll. Union Mag., Dec. 1901, Jan, 1902. A Letter from Paris. (A Cheltenham Local Paper? 1902—3). ‘The Colonne Concert. Weekly Critical Rev., Jan. 22nd, 1903. Tema con Variazione. Jbid, Ap. 30th; May 7th, 1903. 76 Wilts Obituary. - Ideas of Good and Evil. Jbid, July 16th‘and 23rd, 1903. A Piano andan Omnibus. Weekly Critical Rev., May 28th; June 11th, 1903. A Kitten: that’s all. Weekly Survey, Dec. 12th, 1904, Autobiogrifiction. Speaker, Oct. 6th, 1906. - Another Prodigal. Jbid, Dec. 27th, 1907. A Yokel’s Impression of London. Duaily Mail, ae 31st, 1907. Fun o’ the Fair. Dairy News, 1908. The Prawner. /bid, 1908. Robbery Robbed. Jbid, 1908. Touch and go with the Sea. Country Life, 1908. Seamen and the Sea. J/bid, 1908. Squalls. J/bid, 1908. From a Poor Man’s House (i.—v.). Albany, 1908. Longshore Fisheries. English Review, 1908. A Steam-burst Afloat. Daily News, Aug. 31st, 1908. What Workmen think of Conscription. * Nation, Feb. 13th, 1909. Seems So! The Suffragettes. Spectator, Feb. 20th, 1909. Lame Duck Hunting. Westminster, Juue 5th, 1909. The Coastguard. Darly Mail, Dec. 16th, 1909. Turned Out. New Age, May 11th, 1910. Zhe Character of the Era now commencing compared with the Victorian Age. Westminster, June 2nd, 1910. With Baby’s Help. New Age, June 30th, 1910. Fisherman and Motor Boat. Daily News, July 5th, 1910. His Majesty’s Medal. Westminster. Aug., 31st, 1910. Log of the Bristol Beauty. 7’. P’s Weekly. Christmas, 1910. Brother Christmas and Mr. Bookman. Daily News, Dec. 26, 1910. A Dog’s Life. Open Window. June 1911. Week Ends at Nesscombe :—‘ Hannaford Himself. West- minster, June 3rd and 10th, 1911. ‘The Commonplace,” June 17th and 24th, 1911. ‘‘ Age against Youth,” July 1, 1911. ‘Sweet William,” July 8th, 1911. ‘‘ Tragedy,” July 15th, 1911. “The Conquest of Ugliness,” July 22nd and 29th, 1911. ‘‘ Dead- man’s Escape,” Aug. 5th,1911. ‘‘ The Concert,” Aug. 12th, 1911. “London,” Aug. 19th, 1911. ‘‘ Nakedness,” Aug. 26th, 1911. Rabelaisianism,” Sept. 2nd, 1911. “ Immortality,’ Sept. 9th and 16th, 1911. Sillie Saltie. Throne, Nov. 11, 1911. Ships versus Men. English Review, 1911. Mrs. Tripp’s Flutter. Bristol Times, June 5th, 1912. The Great Silent Navy. Daily Chronicle, July 10th, 1912. Men of the Lower Deck. Jbid, July 17th, Aug. 3rd, 1912. The Lower Deck. J/bid, July 22nd, Aug. 13th and 24th, 1912. Howl began. 7’P’s. Weekly, Oct. 18th, 1912. Wilts Obituary. U7 Puffin Home. Blackwood, Nov. 15th, 1912. Tramping Afloat. Lveryman, Nov. 15th, 1912. What the Poor Man Thinks.—(Interview.) Christian Commonwealth, Jan. 22nd, 1913. Free Libraries and Novel Censorship. 7.?P’s. Weekly, Sept. 12th, 1913. £9,000,000 Worth of Fish. Daily Mail, Sept. 13th, 1913. The Peacemaker. Jbid, Sept. 20th, 1913. Wealth and Life :—‘‘ Politics,” Nation, Nov. 14th,1913. ‘“ Un- rest,” Nov. 22nd, 1913. “ Wealth Itself,” Nov. 29th, 1913. “ Civilization,’ Dec. 6th, 1913. “Society,” Dec. 13th, 1913. “Work,” Dec. 20th and 27th, 1913. “ Industry,” Jan. 3rd, 1914. Class,” Jan. 10th and 17th, 1914. ‘The Attitude of Labour,” Jan. 24th, 1914. The Faith Iliveby. Christian Commonwealth, Dec. 10th,1913. Labour and Religion. Challenge, May Ist, 1914. Our Unconquerable Fishermen. Daily Mail, May 18th, 1914. Fish Prices and Profits. Ibid, June 23rd, 1914. , Sea Fish at Home. Daily News, July 25th, 1914. Fish Food in War Time. Daily Mail, Sept. 18th, 1914. Fishermen in War. Times, Dec. 11th, 1914. Frank Brandt, R.N. Asiatic Review, Feb. 1915. The one Food that is'Cheaper. Daily Mail, Feb. 20th, 1915. Gur Fishermen and our Fish. Z%imes, June 2nd, 1915. Inshore Fisheries and Naval Needs. Quarterly Review, July, 1915. Inshore Fisheries Development. Country Life, two illusts., Apr. 22nd and May 20th, 1916. Fish as Food. Times Trade Supplement, Jan., 1917. Poems. Pecunia Fugit. Owen's Coll. Union Mag, Dec., 1901. Song. Jbid, Dec., 1901. A Correspondence: From Chopin’s Nocturne, Op. 48, No. 2. Jbid, Jan., 1902. Prisoners. New Weekly, April 11th, 1914. The Fisherman’s Song. Jobid. Letters to the Press. The Coastguard and the Longshore Fisheries. Szdmouth Herald, April 4th, 1908. Zmes. Capstans on the Road. Jbid, July 11th, 1908. The Economics of Longshore Fisheries. J bzd, 1908. Controversy with Devizes Minister. Waltshire Gazette. The Poor and Education. Spectator, Feb. 5th, 1910. Open letter to Miss Kittley. Scdmouth Herald. Bathing. Jbid, Aug. 31st, 1911. Inshore Fisheries. Zmes, April 5th, 1912. 18 Wilts Obituary. Shore Fishermen and the Insurance Act. Jbid, May 25th, 1912. The Lower Deck. Daily Chronicle, Oct. 2nd, 1912. Harvest Bugs. Dadly Mail, Sept. 1st, 1913. Wealth and Life. Mew Age, Feb. 26th, 1914. Inshore Fisheries. Zimes, June 10th, 1914. He was also the author of a great atnioe of reviews of books j in the Bookman, the Daily News the Daily Mail, and other papers, and a list of about 140 of these has been placed aa the MS. Wilts Biblio- graphical collections. WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES, [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in any way connected with the county, to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally, to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. | Devizes Castle: its History and Romance. By E. Herbert Stone. (Photo of Waylen’s Picture of the Castle). Devizes : George Simpson & Co., Devizes, Ltd., 1920. 8vo, 82in. X 54in. Cloth, pp., including title, vii. + 201. Price 7s. Five folding plans:—The Castle, General Plan; Keep of Rochester Castle; Probable General Plan of Castle and Borough in the 13th Century ; General Plan of the Town of Devizes at the present date; ~ The Old Park; Frontispiece of the Castle from Waylen’s imaginary — picture in the Town Hall; Prehistoric fortifications from Viollet le Duc ; Plans of the King’s House in the Castle; The dilapidated Keep (of Rochester): Devizes in the year 1723 (from Stukeley) ; Two Views of ~ the Round Tower (from prints); The Castle of to-day, 1919 (photo of © House and Garden.) Mr. Stone’s work, which first appeared in a series of instalments in the Wiltshire Gazette, from May 29th to Sept. 4th, 1919, in a somewhat abridged form, is now published in a substantial volume with con- siderable additions and enlargements, but on the same lines as were © followed in its serial publication. As it appeared serially it has already — been noticed in the Magazine (vol. xl., pp. 488, 439). In its book form it gathers together very conveniently all that has been published — concerning the history of the castle. For those who desire to study the subject more fully, the author’s type-written history on a larger scale, giving full quotations from authorities, is available in the Society’s Library at Devizes Museum, and in addition the author states that he will be glad to show his collection’ of plans, sections, and notes, to anyone interested in the subject. ‘There isa fairly full table of contents of four pages at the beginning of the book, but this does not adequately take the place of a full index, which would have added much to the Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 79 practical value of the book. A large number of appendices dealing with various matters of interest are added at the end of the work—one of which contains translations of the earlier charters, down to that of Ed. III. On p. 192 a quotation from the Privy Purse Expenses of Elizabeth of York, it is evident that the “vi. bukkes” which “the Keper of the parke of the Devizes” brings “‘ Thens to Fayreford to the Quene” are not books, as is assumed in the text, but bucks. A long and good review appears in the Wiltshire Gazette, April 1st ; there are also notices in the Waltshire Advertiser, and Waltshire Times, April 10th, 1920. The author replied to some points raised: by the reviewer in Wiltshire Gazette April 8th, 1920. ‘The Story of Purton. A Collection of Notes and Hearsay gathered by Ethel M. Richardson. With illustrations. Bristol: J. W. Arrowsmith, Ltd., 11, Quay Street. London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent, & Company, Limited, 1919.” Cloth, 8vo, pp. 143. Eight photo plates, containing good photos of “The Church, Manor House, and Old Cottages” ; ‘“‘ Chimney Pieces (2) in College Farm”; ‘“ Purton from an old Print”; ‘‘The Church before Restoration (interior).” Portraits of “Old Mrs. Cook” and “ Curly Tom.” ‘Purton House and Cedar in the Grounds.” ‘The Manor House, N.and 58. Fronts.” ‘ Restrop House, Front, and Hall.” “Purton House, 1800, from a Sketch.” This nicely got up book is not a History of Purton, but just what its title claims for it, “A collection of Notes and Hearsay,” and the value and interest of it les almost entirely in matters of the 18th and 19th century, recollections of the oldest inhabitant rescued by Mrs. Richardson, or events of even more recent times. For earlier events she has relied chiefly on the pages of this Magazine and of Wilts Notes and Querves, and where she quotes she does not always give her references, so that the student of Wiltshire history must not expect to find any new light thrown on the early history of the place, though the modern inhabitant of Purton, for whom the book is primarily written, will find much to interest him. The story of Edmund, Earl of Clarendon, who lived at College Farm, now the property of Worcester College, to which his father, Henry Hyde, had removed from Dinton, is illustrated by good photos of the two fine and well-preserved armorial mantelpieces still existing in the house, though there is no description of their heraldry. The account of ithe Church is taken from Mr, Ponting’s article in Wilts Arch. Mag., but an interesting note or two is added. The fourth bell, inscribed “Edward Deane, Humphrey Stanley, Churchwardens, A.R. 1750,” being badly cracked, was re-cast in 1916, the old inscription being reproduced with this addition :—“ Re-cast M.C.M.XVI. A.M.D.G. et in piam memoriam Mervyn Stronge Richardson, 1st Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers, killed in action at Fricourt, France, March 19th, 1916, aged 21 years. Dulce et decorum 80 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. est, pro patria mori. Arthur Richardson, Captain. Frank Kempster. Churchwardens. John Veysey, Vicar.’ A list of the Vicars and Patrons is given from 1299, Some account is given of the Prower family, two of whom, father and son, both named John, held the living for all-but a century from 1771 to 1869. The account of the restoration of the Church in 1872 leads to the story of the female (?) skeleton found lying in a recess 4ft. above the floor in the chancel wall. Of course this at Purton is always regarded as that of an immured nun. Mrs. Richardson suggests that it is that of an anchorite who dwelt in the chamber now used as the vestry, though there is really no evidence that this was so. And the reported finding of a sword with the skeleton seems to throw doubt on the accepted fact that it was that of a female at all. Notes follow on well-known characters and all sorts of parish institutions and their founders, school, cottage hospital, institution, cricket club (famous in its day in N. Wilts), mills, and charities. In connection with the “Poors Platt Charity” the letting of the twenty- five acres appropriated to the poor of Purton Stoke on the disafforesting of Braden in lieu of their former rights in the forest, on the first Thurs- | day after Old Christmas, is still carried out by the ceremony of ‘‘ Chalk- ing the Bellows.” ‘The Bellows are taken round by the Landlord of ‘The Bell’ at Purton Stoke, accompanied by one of the tenants of the preceding year, who is given the option of making the first bid. This is.done by chalking the amount onthe bellows. When the bellows have been passed round the room three times without an advance, on arriving the third time at the last bidder he becomes the tenant for the ensuing year.” Previous to its purchase, about the middle of the 17th century, by Francis Goddard, Purton House, the residence of the authoress, was known as “‘ Chainberlaynes.” The drawing made in 1800 suggests a substantial house of the time of Queen Anne or somewhat earlier. This appears to have been mostly pulled down and the modern house built a little before 1840, when Mrs. Sarah Miles sold it to Horatio Nelson Goddard, of Clyffe Pypard, who in turn sold it later to Major Prower. ‘The fine cedar was planted by Sir George Hayter, the portrait painter, about seventy years ago. The Manor House, which with its great barn forms with the Church a group of buildings which it is hard to match in Wiltshire, was re-built at the end of the 16th century by Lord Chandos practically as we see it now. He sold it to Sir John Cooper and it remained the property of the Earls of Shaftesbury until in 1892 it was (as Church Farm) sold to Mr. Charles Beak, on whose death in 1900 it was sold to Mrs. Walsh, the present owner. The south front of the house was not altered but a new wing was then added to the north side, and the interior, which had long been adapted and used as a farm house, wasentirelyre-modelled. In 1912 the old Vicarage, a house of no architectural interest, was pulled down, and the site was added to the churchyard. Mrs. Richardson notes that several skeletons have been since discovered in what was the Vicarage garden. Some interesting reminiscences are given of the hanging at ‘‘ Watkins’ Corner,” in 1819, of Robert Watkins, for the Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, 81 murder of Stephen Rodway, at Cricklade. ‘The Salts Hole” is a mineral spring resorted to for the cure of all manner of ills from time immemorial. Mr. 8S. C. Saddler, the owner of the field, regarding this practice as'an empty superstition filled up the spring until being himself smitten with serious illness he was obliged to resort to it for relief, after which, in 1859, a small octagonal building was erected over the “Spa,” which still remains. There is a portrait and a short account of “Curly Tom,” the pedlar, who died in the Workhouse at 104 a few years ago, and all the principal inhabitants at the present day are touched on. The curious saying, ‘‘Oh, you come from Purton,” as applied to a person who doesn’t shut the door after him, is noted, but there seems to be no explanation of its origin. The occurrence of the field name “ Battle field” is mentioned as evidence of a battle with the Danes on the spot, but later on in the book it is stated that the name is often spelled ‘‘ Betwell Field,” which seems effectually to do away with its derivation from ‘ Battle.” An account of the Homeric backswording contests between Purton and Stratton in “The Close” at Purton during Purton Fair in September in the early years of the 19th century is quoted from Hone’s Hvery Day Book. These contests seem to have been stopped about 1824. There were two fairs,on May Ist and Sept. 3rd. A very good chapter on Braden Forest and the parish boundaries is contributed by Mrs. ‘Story Maskelyne. The record of the athletic successes of Mr. James Kibble- white, born at Purton, Feb. 6th, 1866, who in ten years won £1200 worth of prizes as a champion runner, fills a whole page, and some account of the various war activities of the parish with the Roll of Honour of those who fell finishes the volume. It is a great pity that no index is given—an index is half the battle in any book of this kind. It is a pity, too, that so many misprints, especially in the earlier portion of the book, should have escaped correction. Sometimes they make the quotations or references quite unintelligible, e.g., Stilton Lodge, on p. 101, should be Hatton Lodge ; the inscription on the coin given on p. 105 as it stands has four mistakes in it; the date of Aubrey is 1669, not 1569 ;, “Doce of 8. Ordinary,” on p. 79, does not explain itself ; and in the list of vicars and patrons on p. 47 there are twenty misprints and mistakes, some of the names not being in line with their correct dates. Reviewed, Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 1st, 1920; London Mercury, April, 1920, p. 741. he Sarum Consuetudinary and its relation to the Cathedral Church of Old Sarum. By Sir Wiliam St. John Hope, Litt.D, D.C.L. An important paper in Archeologia, LXVIII., pp. 111—126. Dr. W. H. Frere, who edited the Consuetudinary in 1898 decided on internal evidence that its date was cerca 1210. Sir William Hope follows this up by proving bothon architectural and topographical grounds that the Consuetudinary was drawn up not for the existing Cathedral of Salisbury, but for the OL, XLI.—NO. CXXXII. G 82 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Church of St. Osmund as enlarged by Bishop Roger, whose ground - plan was excavated at Old Sarum in 1912—13. A“ Plan of the Cathedral Church of Salisbury before Wyatt’s alterations, reduced from Gough’s Sepulchral Monuments,” and “a Restored plan of the Cathedral Church of Old Sarum, showing suggested arrangement and places of altars” are given, and the two are compared, with reference to the course of processions, &c., a8 given in the Consuetudinary, which several times speaks of the main door of the Church as being in the south transept, as it was at Old Sarum, and not on the north side as it is at Salisbury. The position of the altars and the course of the processions, both outside and inside the Cathedral of Old Sarum are minutely discussed, and it is shown that the course of the Rogation procession through the city can only refer to Old Sarum and not to Salisbury. Plans of the N.W. quarter and of the wholefsite of Old Sarum, as well as a reduction of the plan of the City of Salisbury in 1716, by William Naish, are given to illustrate the discussion as to the course of the processions. Inci- dentally Sir William Hope argues that the large chamber which sur- mounted the massive subvault north of the transept discovered in 1912—13 was the Chapter House, and states that the tower in the middle of the Church contained bells, at least three or four in number, for they are directed to be rung in a sae or clash,(classecum) on Advent Sunday and Easter morning. The Choir Screen in Salisbury Cathedral. In a long and valuable paper on “ Quire Screens in English Churches,” by the late Sir W. H. St. J. Hope, in Archeologia, Vol. LXVIIL., pp. 48—110, he says of that of Salisbury Cathedral (p. 55) :— “On the completion of:the quire and presbytery at Salisbury about 1260 there was set up under the eastern arch of the tower a beautiful — pulpitum of Purbeck marble. It was about 123 feet deep, according © to the old plan published by Richard Gough, with two stairs in its thickness, and toward the nave were seven niches on either side the quire door,iwhich was a lofty double one with a horizontal lintel. Above ~ the niches was a parapet to the loft panelled in twelve.divisions. A — view published in 1754 (illustrated in Plate XIII.) shows the screen entire with some later panelling above and a fine organ. This was all swept away by Wyatt in 1789, and replaced by a creation of his own | (replaced in its turn by a metal erection designed by Sir G. G. Scott), but the wall of niches was preserved and set up in the north-east transept, — where it may still be seen (Plate XIII.). The niches were originally — filled with imagery,! but that did not hinder the setting up below them of a pair of altars, of St. Denys to the north, and of St. Andrew to the south of the doorway. During the building of the buttressing arches 7 § under the tower, early in the fifteenth century, these altars were taken down and set up on each side of the nave, against the tower piers, 7 where they remained. ‘There is some evidence of a third altar, of the Holy Cross, in the rood-loft itself.” In tracing the evolution of the choir screen from the Maisie and — | ; Images of the Kings of England. See Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxviil., 567. 4 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 83 Gospel ambons, of which many early examples exist in Italian Churches, he says :— ‘Tn the customals and Bhtiites of English Churches the Latin name for the solid screen bounding the quire westwards is pulpitum. At Hxeter from 1317.onwards it is called ‘la pulpytte.” . . . Its use is definitely fixed in the secular Churches, as well as in those of collegiate rank, as the place, loft, or gallery, from which at stated times the Epistle and Gospel were read; it was also used for minor purposes. The monastic orders do not seem to have used the pulpetum in quite the same way. . . . The important document known as the Consuetudinary of Sarum, though embodying much older rules, is considered by the best and latest authorities to be not earlier than 1173 nor later than 1220, or about 1210. It must, therefore, have been used in the Cathedral Church of Old Sarum . . . it has served as the basis of the customs observed in almost every other Church of secular canons in this country. Many of. the rules laid down in the - Consuetudinary are set out at greater length in the Salisbury document known as the Customary, which seems to have been compiled and elaborated from the older forms during the first half of the 14th century, : From these two sources it can be shown that the pulpitum was used (1) For the singing of the lessons at Mattins. (2) For the reading of the Epistle, the’ singing of the gradual and the alleluya, and the reading of the Gospel from an Eagle desk, on Sundays and all great days. (3) For the lesson at the mass. (4) For certain functions, when a station was made Beiore the cross or rood that stood above it (as in the Sunday and other pro- cessions), and for the singing of the genealogy.at Mattins on Christmas Day. The great importance attaching to the cere- monial reading of the Epistle and Gospel is fully illustrated by both documents cited.” i The Epistle was to be read from the pulpitum “every Sunday, and whenever the quire was ruled through the whole year; also on Maundy Thursday, the vigils of Haster and Pentecost, and on All Souls’ Day. At other times the Epistle was read at the quire step from a desk or ‘ lectern. On the days when the Epistle was read from the pulgitum, which was done facing eastwards towards the quire,-the gradual was also sung in the pulpitum by two boys in surplices, and not, as was ~ usually the case, and as its name implies, at the quirestep. Thealleluya which followed was likewise sung from the pulpitum by two clerks of the upper rank in silk copes . . . after the Epistle has been read, one of the taperers with a boy from the quire shall prepare to-adorn the Eagle (aguelam) in the pulpitwm for the reading of the Gospel, probably by hanging over it a silken cloth or ‘towel’. . . at the end of the alleluya, sequence, or tract, the deacon went through the middle of the quire to the pulpitum carrying the text or gospel book when he arrived at the place of reading the subdeacon took the G2 84 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. text and held it on the left side of the deacon, while he read the Gospel from another book on the eagle facing to the north. . . . Another use of the pulpitum was that to which it was put at Salisbury and elsewhere on Christmas Day. After the third nocturn of Mattins the — deacon and subdeacon . . . went to the pulpitum to sing the genealogy, or first sixteen verses of St. Matthew’s Gospel. The pulpitum was also used during the procession before high mass on Candlemas Day, Easter Day, and Rogation Sunday for the singing of the verse by three clerks of the upper rank ‘turned to the people,’ that is, westwards, towards the nave, whereas everything else was sung eastwards towards the quire. . . . This use of the pulpitum at Salisbury was followed in almost exactly the same way at Lincoln, York, Exeter, Hereford, and Lichfield, and it is to be presumed in every other Cathedral and Collegiate Church of secular canons in this country.” A plan of the quire and presbytery of Old Sarum Cathedral is given. : ‘‘The Record of the Parish of Steeple Ashton, in- cluding the Tithing of Great Hinton, in the | County of Wilts in relation to the Great War, 1914—1919. Compiled and edited by E P. Knubley, M.A, Vicar of Steeple Ashton, Canon of Salisbury. Trowbridge: Printed by Massey & Co., Castle Street. 1919.” Linen, 74in. X 5in., pp. 60, including titles and last three pp. un- | numbered. Photos of Steeple Ashton Market Cross and Lock Up; ~ | Church; Great Hinton Village; The Wiltshires who defeated the Prussian Guard at Thiepval. On the cover is the title “The War i Record of a Wiltshire Parish, 1914—1919.” The greater part of the book consists in the Roll of Honour, giving a full record of the war services, decorations, &c., of each of the 174 men and 5 women of the © _ parish who served during the war. Of these 13 were officers, 44 N.C.O.s, 7 and 117 of otherranks. 30 lost their lives, 40 more were wounded, and 33 honours were gained. ‘The parish was represented in almost every action of importance, on all the fronts and in most of the operations at — j sea. The author in his excellent introduction rightly claims that from this careful record of the services of the men of a single one of the | larger country parishes of Wiltshire the war activities of the whole nation may be inferred in time to come. This admirable little record | was compiled in the first place as a keepsake to be presented to each of the men and women who had served. ‘The introduction also gives a summary account of the various war activities carried on at home in | the parish during these momentous years. English Silver Plate belonging to Field-Marshal | Lord Methuen, G.C.B. Article in Country Life, Feb. 14th, 1920, pp. 197—199, by H. Avray Tipping, on the great collection of | Ld. Methuen’s plate, numbering ninety-five lots, sold at Christie's on ff) Feb. 25th, 1920. It contains admirable photographs of the very re- markable English cup and cover of rock crystal and silver gilt, of the Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 89 middle of the 15th cent.; a rosewater ewer, by Pierre Harache, of 1703; a pair of cups 4nd covers, part of a dessert service, by John Gibbons and Andrew Moore, 1703; Three silver gilt casters, by Geo. Garthorne, czr. 1705; a pair of sauce boats, by Isaac Duke, 1743 ; three plain octagonal casters with cypher of George I. and royal arms, by L. Mettayer, 1714; a pair of oval cream ewers, by P. Crespin, 1738—9 ; one of a pair of double-handled cups and covers with royal arms and cypher of George I., by P. Rolles, 1714; round dish and two fan-shaped dishes, part of dessert service, with royal arms and cypher of Geo. L., by L. Mettayer. This was the most important sale of silver since the Ashburnham Plate was sold in 1914. The total sum realised was £33,096. Anthony Methuen, s. of Paul, who was Prebendary of Wells,was Vicar of Frome. Hedied 1640,and was buried at Frome. He married the daugh- ter and heiress of Thomas Taylor, of Bristol. His son, Paul, “the greatest Cloathier of his time,” succeeded his father-in-law, John Ashe, in - business at Bradford-on-Avon. Paul died 1667 and was succeeded in in the business by his younger son, Anthony. His elder son, John, became Master in Chancery 1685, and Ld. Chancellor of Ireland 1697. He was a member of the Council of Trade, and went on a mission to Portugal 1691, and in 1702 signed, as ambassador, the commercial treaty —the “‘ Methuen Treaty "—giving preference to Portuguese wines in England and to English woollens in Portugal. He apparently acquired the dessert service, the rosewater ewer and casters, which all bear the Methuen arms. John died 1706. His son, Paul, had been ambassador in Portugal, he became a Privy Councillor 1714, and was sent as ambassador to Spain. Probably the plate bearing the royalarms and the cypher of Geo. I. was given to him then. In 1720 he was Comptroller and then Treasurer of the Household. He acquired much of the remaining plate of the collection. He died unmarried and much of his property went to the grandson of Anthony Methuen, the clothier of Bradford-on-Avon. Much of the plate is, as has been said, by French silversmiths, many of whom migrated to London in the early 18th century. : A good article on the sale, by Arthur Hayden, also appeared in The Illustrated London News, March 6th, 1920, with three illustrations :— (1) one of a set of four table candlesticks, made by John Cafe in 1749, 10in. high, bought by Mr..8. J. Phillips for £547 ; (2) one of the pair of two-handled covered cups, by Phil. Rolles, 1714, 154in. high, sold for £2877 ; (3) the crystal and silver-gilt cup. There was also an article in the Daily Telegraph, reprinted in the Wiltshire Times, Feb. 7th, 1920, describing more particularly this | Gothic cup, an illustration of which also appeared in the advertisement _ of the sale in Country Life, Feb. 7th, 1920. This cup was bought | for £3200 by Mr. L. Crichton. It is 7in. in height, with a shallow | spreading bowl and cover, surmounted by a crystal ball and silver gilt | serpent, and a spreading foot of silver gilt with an octagonal stem of rock crystal, and bears the maker’s mark “ Vh.” 86 pee W utshire Books, Eee’: oid Articles. Round The cover, ne rim of the bowl, and the foot are the in- scriptions in contemporary lettering :— “Gif that thou hes a frind of lang © Suppos he svmtim dov the vrang Oppres him not bot ath of mein The kandes that afor has bein mail? “At thi burd quan thou art set Think on the puir standis at thi zet ~ Love God Do Lav Keip Cherati Sua. sal: al Grace aboundand be.” “Que quid agas sapienter agas et resspise finem.” J Whilst round the central knop or band on the chalice stem is, in 16th © ) century lettering “ Exdono G.D. ee In the centre of the bowl is F engraved the sacred monogram, and the cup is said to have been used by Mary, Q. of Scots, at her last communion, Among other remarkable lots were twenty-four soup plates, by ~ Benjamin Pyne, 1720, £697; three silver gilt casters, by Geo. Garthorne, ~ | 1705, £358; a pair of plain oval cream ewers, by Paul Crespin, 1738, — £386; a circular sideboard dish, weighing 189 ozs., by Pierre Harache, ~ £1033 ; three plain octagonal casters, with arms and cypher of Geo. L, © by Louis Mettayer, 1714, £1093; a dessert service, by John Gibbons 7 and Andrew Moore, 1703; twenty-four plates with cups and covers, and eight small tazze, nerning 985 oz., £6944. Beckford Family Portraits. An article on “The Hamilton — Palace Collection ” (II.), by H. Avray Tipping, in Country Life, Oct. 25th, 1919, pp. 514—517. When William Beckford, of Fonthill, died — in 1844 he left what remained of his possessions to Alexander, tenth | Duke of Hamilton, who had married his younger daughter, Susanna, — to. the exclusion of his elder daughter, the wife of Major-Gen. James Orde. Thus his pictures and library came to Hamilton Palace. The portraits here excellently illustrated are (1) Peter Beckford, father of the Alderman and Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica, painted by K. ' Williams, 1692 ; (2) his son, Alderman William Beckford, b. in Jamaica, 1709, owner of great plantations in the West Indies, thrice-Ld. Mayor of London, and M.P. for the City, the builder of the Georgian ‘house at Fonthill. The portrait, full length, is by Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1755; ~ - or by G. Romney from a mask after death ; (3) Mrs. Beckford, by Sir Joshua Reynolds, full length. ‘This is sie Maria Hamilton, wife of the Alderman, painted 1770, or the Hon. Louisa Pitt, wife-of Pela Beckford, the Alderman’s nephew, and writer on Hunting, &c., painted -. 1782; (4) William Beckford (of Fonthill Abbey), s. of the Alderman, asa hom, by G. Romney, full length; (5) the same at the age of 22; also” by G. Romney, full length ; (6) Margaret and Susanna, daughters of i Will. Beckford, by G. Romney, of whom Margaret, the younger (sitting) f married Alexander, tenth Duke of Hamilton, of whom- there are two Wilshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 87 portraits here illustrated. All these portraits were sold at Christies’ Nov. 6th, 1919, when the picture of the two Beckford children, Margaret ~ and Susanna, was bought by Sir Joseph Duveen for £54,600, the record “price for any picture ever paid at public auction in England. A photo of this picture appeared in The Queen, Nov. 15th, 1919. Catalogue of the Famous Library of Printed Books, Illuminated Manuscripts, Autograph Letters, and Engravings collected by Henry Huth, and since maintained and augmented by his son, Alfred H. Huth, Fosbury Manor, Wiltshire. The Printed Books and [Illuminated Manu- scripts. Eighth Portion. Which will be sold by auction by Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson,& Hodge . . at their large Galleries, 34 & 35, New Bond Street . . . 8th July, 1919, and three following days. Paper cover, large 8vo, pp., titles and conditions, 11. + pp. 1991—2155. | Catalogue of the Renowned Collection of Autograph _ Letters and Historical Manuscripts formed by the late Alfred Morrison, Esq., of Fonthill, and now the property of Mrs. Morrison. The Fourth and Final Portion. . . . Sold by auction by Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson, & Hodge . . . 34 & 35, New Bond Street, | 5th May, 1919, and two following days. Paper cover, large 8vo, pp.,. title and conditions, ii.+ pp. 401—512. “Windmill Hill, Avebury, and Grime’s Graves, _ Cores and Choppers. By the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall. F.S A. Read in London, March 11th,1919.” Paper in - Proc. Prehist. Soc. of #. Anglia, Vol. IIL., Part I., 1919, pp. 104—108. Two pages of illustrations of flints. __ This is a further step in the elaborate comparison of the worked flints _ from these two sites of which previous instalments have been given by _ the author in the same Proceedings, Vol. II., pp. 230 & 563; and in Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd Series, xxvi., 73. He argues that the levee flints of Grime’s Graves (Norfolk) and the small flints of Windmill Hill and Avebury Down may be paired the one with the other and differ only in size—a question of flint supply only. The flints from all these sites as a as ee are all of one industry and that of the Neolithic perio The Rudge Cup. In Zhe Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiq. & Archeolog. Soc. Trans., N.S., XVIIL., 1918, pp. 223—228, Prof. F. Haverfield has an interesting paper on “The Roman name of a Birdoswald”—founded on a new reading ‘of the inscription on the Roman bronze cup found at Rudge, in the parish of Froxfield, in 1725, 88 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. and now preserved at Alnwick Castle. The inscription is:—A MAIS ABALLAVA VXELLODVM C AMBOGLANS BANNA. This clearly is a list of the forts on the Wall of Hadrian and answers in inverse order to the list given by Ravennas, Banna, Uxelludamo, Avalana, Maia. Aballava is known to be Papcastle, Uxelodum and Uxeludamo are Maryport, and Amboglans in no doubt Birdoswald. But Prof. Haverfield says the name on the cup is not, as 1s usually stated, ““Amboglans,” but “ Camboglans.” The letter before “ Ambo- glans” has usually been taken as the final o of ‘‘ Uxelloduno,” mis- engraved MC for NO, but he is clear, after an examination of the original, that the letter is C and not O, and he inclines therefore to believe that the name of Birdoswald was ‘‘ Camboglanna,” and not “ Ambloglanna.” Griffin Curteis. By A. Schomberg, Miscellanea Genealog. et Herald., 5th Series, III.,158—161. Anillustration of his monument, once in the chancel of St. Nicholas, Newbury, but now outside the S. wall, is given, together with his will, in which he describes himself as of East Enborne (Berks), and the will of another ‘Griffin Curtys,” of Thornbury (Gloucs). The first was M.P. for Ludgershall 1562—3, and Escheator for the counties of Oxford and Berks. Beaufort Family. An article on the descent of the Dukes of Beaufort from Edward Lord Herbert, created first Duke in 1682, and from his Herbert and Beaufort ancestors is reprinted from the Estates Gazette in the Wiltshire Gazette, Oct. 16th, 1919. Bolingbroke and Walpole. By the Rt. Hon. J. W. Robertson. T. Fisher Unwin: London, 1919. : Cloth, 12s. 6d. net. Reviewed in Zimes Lit. Suppl., Oct. 16th, 1819. Damerham Church. An appeal by the Vicar (Rev. G. H. Moule) and churchwardens for £1500 for urgent structural repairs of the Church contains some good short notes on the history of Damerham, until lately in Wilts, and still in the diocese of Salisbury. There is also a sufficient notice of the architectural features of the Church, a Norman tower on the S. side, which in its original condition it is suggested may have been built soon after the Conquest and have belonged to an earlier Church than that now existing, the nave, N. aisle, and N. wall of the chancel of later Norman work, the S. aisle, porch, and chancel arch 13th century, the chancel windows 14th century, the west window and N. aisle windows of the 15th century. The roof has carved bosses of the 14th century, and there is a 13th century piscina in the chancel. Traces of wall paintings have recently been discovered. A small Norman tympanum of St. George on horseback now built into the Vicarage wall is to be restored to the Church. Henry Hunt, of Enford. ‘The Story of Peterloo. By F. A. - Bruton, M.A., Litt. D.,” in the Bulletin of the John Ryland’s Library, Manchester, Vol. 5, Nos: 3 and 4, April to Nov., 1919, pp. 254—295, Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 89 large 8vo, is a long and scholarly article dealing with the events which led up to the famous “ Peterloo Massacre,” at the great Reform meeting in St. Peter’s fields, at Manchester, on August 16th, 1819, whilst the occurrences on the dey itself are most carefullyiand ainda described from all available sources. Henry Hunt, who played the leading part on the Reform side, figures largely in the article. Amongst the illus- trations are “ Orator Hunt, 1773—1835, chairman of the Peterloo Meeting ” (a photo of a full-length portrait, from a print) ; “‘ The Hunt Memorial in the Vestibule of the Manchester Reform Club” (a fine bronze bust, by John Cassidy, bearing the inscription, “ Henry Hunt, who for his part in the great Reform meeting in St. Peter’s Fields, Manchester (Peterloo), suffered two years imprisonment ”); and photos of ‘ Henry Hunt’s Birthplace on Salisbury Plain” ; and ‘“‘ The Prison Cells in Lancaster Castle where Henry Hunt and Samuel Bamford were confined after Peterloo.” Wiltshire Agriculture. he Agricultural Gazette, April 28th, 1919, contained a number of articles and illustrations connected with the county :—‘‘ A Mixed Farm,” Mr. J. E. Watts, Knapps Farm, Market Lavington,” with a photo of the house; “A Wiltshire Bacon Factory on a large scale” (Messrs. C. & T. Harris & Co., Calne), with photos of the Factory and of the Hanging Room; “A Wiltshire Agricultural School for Boys,” with portrait-of Mr. F. O. Solomon, the Head Master, and a view of the Dauntsey Agricultural School, at Lavington ; ‘‘ The Manurial Needs of Pastures,” by ‘‘Sarum”; “ Farming in Wiltshire,” by Richard Stratton, with photo of a group of Hay Sweeps on the farm of the late Mr. Arthur Stratton, Alton Priors; A Large Wiltshire Dairy Factory (Wilts United Dairies, at Trowbridge), with photo of “The Type of Churns used by the Company ”; ‘‘ Who’s Who in Wilts Agriculture,” four pages of names and addresses, with short particulars, and a small photo of Salisbury Cathedral. There are also photos of ‘Stock Bull in Major N.S. Wilson’s Herd at Norton Grange, Malmes- bury.” ‘‘ Last of the Lilies, 1st prize, in herd of Mr. J. H. Smith Barry. Pewsey,” “‘ Bedingfield Forest King, pedigree Shire Stallion, purchased by Calne Co-op. Soc.,” “Gloucestershire Old Spots in Mr. Isaac Sevington’s Farm, nr. Chippenham,’ ‘Farm Buildings at Capt. Buxton’s Tockenham Manor,” “ ABC Plough made by Phipps & Son, Chippenham,” “ First Titan Tractor to run in this country, purchased by Mr. J. E. Watts.” Salisbury, South Wilts, and Blackmore Museum Annual Report for 1918—19, 8Vvo, pp. 15. This fifty-second report of the Museum gives some account of the admirable work now being done, both in the way of re-organising the collections and in the delivery of very numerous lectures, both to the children of the schools and to adults, by Mr. F. Stevens, F.S.A., the Resident Curator. It is satisfactory to see that the interesting and important collection of Medieval Pottery which has for several years been precariously ‘‘ preserved” in the shed at Old Sarum has now been 90 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. transferred to the Museum by the Dean and Chapter. It is to be - hoped that the carved stones from the same site may follow as soon as room can be found for them. The Pillory, the Fire Bell from the Old — Guildhall, the Bull Ring, and other municipal relics have also been — _transferred to the Museum. . Salisbury Public Library. Report on Educational Lectures, 1919—20. Pamphlet, 8vo, pp. 8 _ , An account of the First Series of Lectures organised in connection ~ with the Library—and delivered by Mr. F. Stevens, on the © History of Salisbury. They were very largely aignd es 3 [Castle Combe] The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings. Report on the Treatment of ~ Old Cottages, by A. H. Powell, together with F. W. Troup, F.RIBA., Charles GC. Winmill,and the Secretary. London, 1919. . Pamphlet, 74in. x 5in., pp. 24. This is a very valuable report dealing with the possibility of repairing and adapting old cottages ‘which have been condemned, to the requirements of the modern — housing schemes. There is a great danger of many of the cottages of ‘the 16th or 17th century, or even of earlier date, being wiped out of — existence in the future on the ground that they are no longer in a fit — - condition for habitation and that they must therefore be replaced by modern red brick cottages. This would mean an absolutely irreparable - loss to the beauty and interest of the country side. Such villages as Castle Combe or Lacock—to take only two examples of many in ~ Wiltshire—may, with the best possible intentions, be very easily en-— -tirely spoiled by the intrusion of modern cottages. In such villages _ the cottage architecture is as much a part of the history of the country as the architecture of the Churches themselves, and should be as carefully preserved. In this pamphlet Castle Obs is taken as a typical village for the purpose, and a number of cottages which have se actually condemned as unfit for habitation are dealt with one by ‘one. Their present condition is noted, and actual specifications are Sean of the way in which their repair should be carried out so as to - preserve their ancient features intact and at the same time bring them -up to. the standard of modern sanitary requirements. It is contended that this, so far from being an impossibility, is really not only com- Sane rele easy, but would actually entail an expenditure greatly less than that of erecting new red brick cottages. The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings has never done anything better than ‘the compilation of this report, which it is to be hoped may be earnestly '. studied by the authorities with whom rests the responsibility for the ‘repair or the destruction of so many of the ancient cottages of Wiltshire. Its suggestions are absolutely reasonable and practicable. The illus= trations are an admirable series of photographs of Castle Combe :— -*©The Cross,” ‘‘ View of the Cross through Archway,” “ View of Village Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 91 and Church from the Hill,” “The Street and Bridge,” “ The Base of - the Cross,” and seven views of old pouuecs which have been, or are in _ danger of being, condemned. _. Country Life, Oct. 11th, 1919, pp. 469, 470, had an article by Rt. - Randel Phillips, “Ending or Mending Old Cottages,” with a view of the Bridge and Street and four photos of the same ‘‘ Condemned Cottages,” urging that steps should be taken to preserve them. Wiltshire Farmer’s Success. Mr. W. J. Cumber’s Calne Stud of Shire Horses. Article in Farming, with illustration oF a horse, reprinted in Waltshire Advertiser, Sept. 25th, 1919. ‘Manton anid Mr. Alec Taylor. A Great Home of the Thoroughbred. Article by ‘ Philippos,” in Country Life, Oct. 25th, 1919, pp. 525—529, with portrait’ of “ Mr. Alec Taylor on Alberta,” and eleven photos of notable horses trained at Manton. Report of Marlborough College Nat. Hist. Soc. for year ending Christmas, 1919. No. 68. Like all scientific reports this is thinner than usual. A good many notable botanical finds are recorded, e.g., Ranunculus fammula var. pseudo- —reptans; R. Drouetti ; Taraxacum er ythrospermum ; Senecto squalidus ; Hieracium Serhan Gentiana germanica ; Symphytum asperri- mum ; Orchis incarnata. Of Birds a Pied Flycatcher was noted at Yatesbury, and it is curious as a result of the destruction of bird life in the winter of 1917 that the occurrence of the Long-tailed Tit is specially noted. Mr. ©. P. Hurst, of Great Bedwyn, contributes lists _of Lichens and Shells that either have been or will be printed in fuller form in this Magazine. The usual sectional reports are given with the usual accuracy. nae = Mill. Article in Wiltshire Gazette, April Ist, 1920, by Edward Kite. ‘This water mill in the parish of Potterne preserves ae. the name of an ancient manor, Ryngeburne, Ryngeresburne, Ringesborne, ~ which gave its name to a family, of whom Mr. Kite quotes mention of various members from John de Ryngeburn in 1261 to Richard - Ringesborne 1329. William of Wykeham, in his will, 1403, leaves a bequest. to “Edith Ryngebourne my cousin,” the wife of William Ryngebourne. She was a daughter of Margery Rokle, the Bishop’s _ first cousin. In 1504 William Rengeborne the elder leased his manor _. of Rengeborne to Robert Drewe, a Devon man, who had lately become possessed of the manor of Southbroom. In 1582 the manor of Range- bourne had passed into the possession of Henry Brewyn, of Rownor, - Hants, who conveyed it to John Drewe, of Southbroom. The Drewes _ of Southbroom became extinct about 1660, after which the descent of Rangebourne is not traced. It belongs now to Miss M. Ewart, of Broadleas. 92 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. ‘“‘Early Days of Thomas Lawrence. His encouragement — _ by Devizes Clergyman. First success as a portrait painter.” By Ed. — Kite. Article in Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th, 1920. In 1773 Thomas _ Lawrence and his sixteen children removed from the White Lion Inn, — on the site of the present Grand Hotel, Bristol, and became landlord of the Black Bear at Devizes. His youngest son, Thomas, was bornat — _ Bristol, May 6th, 1769, and in his fifth year at Devizes began to draw _ - likenesses of visitors to the inn, and more especially of Dr. Henry Kent, — Vicar of Urchfont, who lived at Whistley House, Potterne. Dr. Kent hearing that the boy had drawn a likeness of himself on horseback riding across the Market Place, made enquiries at the Bear, saw the drawing on the wall of a bedroom, and forthwith took the small boy to the shop of Mr. Thomas Borrough, printer and bookseller, made | him a handsome present of books, impressed on his father the desira- bility of encouraging his talent, and remained the constant friend of the family until the young artist had become famous. Four letters to him from Thomas Lawrence, Sen., dated 1790, are printed in full in © this article. Mr. Kite also gives an account of the Kent family and - their connection with Devizes. John Kent (1) the first resident in Devizes, claiming descent from Kent, of Copenhall (Ches.) in the 1623 Visitation, was Town Clerk and M.P. for Devizes, and rebuilt No. 16, the Market Place, on one of the gables of the front of which are still to be seen his initials with those of Mary, his wife, d. of Thomas Wyatt, of Calne, with the date 1619. He died 1630, and ~ his brass is in St. John’s Church. John Kent (II.), his grandson, born — 1611—12, married, 1642, Jane, d. of Sir Humphrey Lynd, Kt., of Cobham, her two sisters having married John Drew, of Southbroom, and Robert Nicholas, Recorder and M.P. for Devizes. John Kent (III.) b. 1647, married Eliz., d. of Sir John Knight, of Bristol, and died 1688. His son, John Kent(IV.), was born 1685; his widow, Elizabeth, gave plate to the Church of Weyhill in 1722, the Kents then owning Blissimore Hall, in Weyhill. Hen. Kent, of Whistley House, Potterne, b. 1682, died 1759 and was buried at Potterne. His only son, Henry Kent, Fellow of Merton Coll., b. 1718, D.D., Vicar of Urchfont, who died 1799, aged 81, leaving his library to the college, was the friend of the — Lawrence family. Grey Wethers, a Valley in the Downs. Article in the Times, April 7th, reprinted under the title “In the Devil’s Den in Spring,” in Wiltshire Gazette, April 15th, 1920. A literary article in the manner of Richard Jefferies, on the Grey Wethers, the Devil’s Den, and the ‘turf that is alive with fossil shells and creamy orchis,” whatever these may be. Stonehenge. ‘Stones of the Plain. Preserving the Past for the — . Future,” is the title of an article in the 7%mes, April 5th, 1930, reprinted ~ in Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th, describing the work in progress at_ Stonehenge of setting upright and securing the leaning stones of the outer circle. The packing and cradling of the upright in big baulks of © Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 93 timber, the lifting of the impost by a crane, the excavation of the base, the setting upright of the stone by means of jacks and winches, the concreting of it in position, the crowning of the tenons of the upright with accurately fitting caps of lead, so that they may the better fill the mortise holes in the impost, and finally the replacing of the impost in its place, are described. Then the extraordinary discovery by Mr. R. S. Newall, on the strength of hints given by a sketch map of Aubrey’s made in 1666, of a continuous series of holes just inside the earth circle, containing remnants of cremations and animal bones, is shortly described. Are these holes the sites of previously existing stones, of which the sole remnant is the “Slaughter stone,” now prostrate, which formed a circle, as at Avebury, just inside the ditch and bank? And is the present Stonehenge a reconstruction of that earlier monument? The article was reprinted in Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th, 1920, with an editorial note, recalling the fact that the two sarsen stones shown to the N.W. and S.E., just inside the bank, in Long’s plan also fit into the circle whose existence is now assumed, in which case their importance as evidence of the astronomical inten- tion of the whole structure is lost. ‘Safeguarding stonehenge.” “How the great circle onSalisbury Plain, the date of which by astronomical means is determined ag 1680 B.C., is now being safeguarded from further collapse by the Operations of the Office of Works. Specially described by Frank Stevens, F.S.A.” The Sphere, Feb. 7th, 1920. One page of description of the work, with two photos: “At work on the Great Outer Circle of Stonehenge,” “The Operations at Stonehenge seen from behind ‘ The Horseshoe’ of Trilithons,” and diagram of “The position of the unstable stones.” | | Gilbert Coleridge. Nineteenth, Century, March, 1920, pp. 492—498. ‘His confession of faith is of lasting value, not indeed because of his conclusions, but because of the singular beauty of his conceptions.” "he Modernity of Stonehenge, by A. Hadrian _ Alleroft. Article in MVineteenth Century, April, 1920, pp. 678—696. | This is a paper by an archeological heretic who, like all heretics, calls his orthodox predecessors “ Obscurantists,” Why make a mystery of Stonehenge? it’s perfectly clear what it was, and what all the stone circles were. Does’nt Homer speak in the Odyssey of the circular Agora of the Pheacians? And doesn’t he expressly say that it comprised dressed stones on which the notables sat, and undressed stones behind them? And in the centre was a “ goodly Posideum.” What was this? It couldn’t have been a building of any kind, therefore it must have been either an altar or a “ bothros,” 2.e., a pit. And the Agora had evidently no wall or ditch round it, for heralds kept the crowd away from it. Now there are in Aberdeenshire 61 stone circles with a pit in the centre (a symbol only of a burial) and no vallum round them. These are obviously identical with the Agora of the Pheeacians. They integrating effects of the weather if they had? Obviously not. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. ‘ vi ss were in fact moots. They were circular because the circle is the Celtic symbol of sanctity, originating in the circular barrow. And the Homeric Greeks were Brythonic Celts, as were the Brythons, who invaded — Britain 500 to 400 B.C. Stone circles moreover are found in Brythonic — districts,.and are therefore for the most part of the Brythonic or Iron Age. Some of the circles became specialised religious moots, and these came to be protected by a ditch. Some indeed of the circles may have been of sepulchral origin and earlier than the Jron Age—possibly ; but Stonehenge is obviously one of the latest of the series. The impost of the trilithons is derived from the Greek architrave. It is clearly a ~ work of the Belgze not long before the Roman Era. Can any reasonable ~ person believe that in our climate stones like those of Stonehenge or ~ other circles, with their bases buried only 3 or 4 feet in the ground can ~ have stood. upright for 3500 years? or could have resisted the dis- ~ Therefore it is common sense to suppose that Stonehenge, as we know it now, was reconstructed by the Belge, no doubt on the site of an — older circle. As for the evidence of the chips of the worked stones in the barrows, who knows what the age of a round barrow may be? © Pottery of Bronze Age? Bronze implements? Why both urns and © implements were of traditional types made specially for funerary ~ purposes, and may have belonged to almost any age. Wasn’t a round barrow at Morvah Hill with a circle of stones round it found to contain an “archaic urn” and three silver coins of Antoninus* And isn’t that ~ enough to show that the whole system of dating barrows, &c., by the types of pottery and other objects found therein laboriously built up ~ by modern archeologists, is merely a “fond thing vainly invented” by © these Obscurantists? Away with it! This is a not unfair resumé of Mr. Allcroft’s method of argument.” It is wholly destructive. He sees the weak points,and the zncompleteness © of the evidence on which the orthodox view of the Early Bronze’ Age date of the circles is founded, and he breezily assumes that Sir Norman Lockyer’s fanciful calculations and the evidence of excavations are” ely worthless, and proceeds to found his own theory on the ‘common gense” which he regards as the one thing needful. It does not seem to occur to him that there are points where his common sense seems to have failed him. Where, he asks, is a Church now standing which has stood without repair for 1300 years? Well, the walls of the Saxon Church. at Bradford-on-Avon have stood for nearly 1000 years) without rebuilding—and a Church is not a monolith. When a sarsen stone has stood in position admittedly for 1900 years, without its surface being even appreciably weathered during that period, as is the case with many at least of the stones at Stonehenge, still standing, common sense would seem to suggest that there is nothing absurd im supposing that it may have stood equally well for double that age There are, it is true, sarsens and sarsens, but a good sound one presents) about as indestructible a material as existsin the world. Many peoplé will not be inclined to quarrel with Mr. Allcroft for the contempt whieh we Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 95 he pours on the astronomical fancies of Sir Norman Lockyer; but when he extends that contempt to the whole system of scientific archeology, as founded on excavation and the comparative study of pottery and other remains, it is a different matter altogether; even though in common honesty it must be admitted that the evidence provided by excavations both at Avebury and Stonehenge does as yet fall considerably short of being absolutely convincing as to the age of these monuments, Saving Stonehenge for Posterity. A short article in Country | Lvfe, April 17th, 1920, describing the extreme care with which the work of securing the stones is being carried out. It is mentioned that some of the stones used for packing the base of the standing stones are of Hurdcot Greensand, and the line of holes containing remains of cre- mation just inside the earth circle are noticed. There are four good photos :—“ Preparing to Lift the Lintel Stone,” “The Lintel Stone in Mid-Air,” “‘ Looking from the Altar Stone at the Hele Stone,” “A General View looking North-East.” ae List of the Birds of the District, Marlborough and Ten Miles Round. 1919. Pam phlet, 8vo, pp. 16, Price 6d. Pub. by Marlborough Coll. Nat. Hist. Society. This very useful list records with short notes for the guidance of members of the Marlb. Nat. Hist. Soc. all birds known to have occurred within ten miles of Marlborough. Out of a total of 239 for all Wiltshire the Marlborough neighbourhood can claim 172 species. The Siskin, which has occurred both at Clyffe Pypard and Blacklands, is not mentioned. Hand List of Flowering Plants of the District, Marl- _ borough and Ten Miles Round. By the Rev. T. W. Hart Smith- Pearce, O.M., 1919. Pamphlet, 8vo, pp. 32. Price 1s. Pub. by Marlb. Coll Nat. Hist. Society. This new edition of the Hand List (the last was published in 1907) follows the nomenclature of the London Catalogue, 10th edition, and records many sub species and varieties not before noted, and much attention has been paid to hybrids. Thirteen species of Salix are noted and seven of HWieracium. A very careful and valuable list of 792 plants. Prelude, a Novel, by Beverley Nichols. London: Chatto & Windus. [1920] Cloth, 7jin x 44in., pp. xi., 293. This book, the author tells us, was written immediately after he left « Martinsell,” and was obviously written more or less asa counterblast to Alec Waugh’s “Loom of Youth” and other like books in which the Public School of to-day is depicted as a mere nest of bestial brutality. ‘ Martinsell” is of course Marl- borough. The school, the town, the forest are all unmistakably de- — scribed. The author, however, expressly denies that any of the oo Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. characters in the book are meant to depict living persons. The domui- nant idea of the book is that a boy gets out of a public school very much what he brings to it. If he brings brains he will find the means of cultivating them ; if he does not, he is satisfied with games. Paul, the hero of. the story, an unconventional boy who has never been to - gchool before, spends a first term of utter misery at ‘* Martinsell,” and — ends by writing from the front “ When all’s said and done, it’s Martinsell, Martinsell, Martinsell that I long for, Martinsell that somehow—I don’t know how—has given me strength and power, and ~ has made me love. I don’t know whether its system be right or wrong, but it is Martinsell that has made me come out here and fight, and has guided me right all along.” Reviewed, Z7ames Lit. Supp., Feb. 19th, 1920. The Wiltshire Regiment’s Marching Song. An ~ interesting correspondence as to the origin both of the words and of the music of the song, ‘‘The Vly be on the Turmuts” is printed in ~ The Wiltshire Telegraph, May 22nd, 1920. ‘Two versions of the song — are given, one from “ Roger Plowman’s Excursion to London,’ pub. at © Cirencester; the other “Newly arranged by permission from the © authenticated melody by H. Millington, late Bandmaster of the Ist Wilts Rifle Volunteers and Western Counties Brigade.” Mr. Reuben ~ George maintains that it is a Gloucestershire song. Mr. Edward Slow states that in 1871 he sent a copy to Captain the Earl of Pembroke, through whom the War Office adopted it as the Marching Song of the © Wiltshire Regiment. But as to the origin of either song or tune nobody seems to be able to get further back than this. | Shepherd’s Shore and Bagdown Hill. A numberof lettersin Wiltshire T' elegraph, noticed in Woltshure Gazette, April 8th, 1920, followed by. others in the issues of April 15th and 28th, eigenen the derivation of ‘‘Shepherd’s Shore” as it is now, and as it appears in © Andrew and. Dury’s map of 1773, or “Shepherds Shard” as it appears” in Cary’s map of 1793. Mr. R. S. Gundry and Captain Cunnington rightly point out that “Shore” or “Shard” is simply the gap in Wans Dyke through which the road passes, and the latter instances “ Red Shore,” the corresponding gap in the dyke through which the Marl borough to Alton Road passes. Mr. E. Coward points out that ‘‘ Bagdown Hill” is probably a eorruption of Beacon Down Hill, but that there are two ‘‘ Beacon Hills,” about a mile apart shown on the Rev. A. C. Smith’s Map of a Hundred Square Miles Round Avebury, whereas the hill marked “ Bagdon” on that map, overlooking Bishops Cannings, has always been~called ‘“‘ Haydon” locally. On April 28th Mr. R. S. Gundry writes citing three highway acts and summing up their evidence, concludes that ‘“‘ Bagdown” is Beacon Down Hill, “‘ be- tween the encampment and Heddington,” and that ‘‘ Horsley Upright Gate” (as Mr. Talbot pointed out in Wilts NV. & Q.) indicates the to D | of Bowden Hill. Mr. E. Coward returns to the charge i in the issue of May 13th, arguing that Haydon or (? Baydon) Hill is that overlooking Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 97 Bishops Cannings (7.e., that called ‘“ Bagdon ” in Smith’s map), on the strength of entries in an old diary kept by William Gaby, of Netherstreet, dating back to 1656, mentioning the hauling of stones thence. There is a bed of particularly hard chalk rubble on this hill. oe Cathedral. 1220—1920. An Archi- tectural Triumph. Good article in Daily Peay hs April 28th, 1920, with two views of the Cathedral. Salisbury Cathedral, 1220—1920. Article from the Architectural standpoint, by H. Heathcote Statham, in the Observer, reprinted in Waltshire Times, May 8th, 1920. Ese Early History of Salisbury. A series of lectures by Mr. F. Stevens, F.S.A., during the winter 1919—20, was reported at considerable length in ‘The Salisbury Journal. ‘The issue of Nov. 22nd,1919, contains an abstract of a lecture on Stonehenge. He suggests that the sarsens were floated on rafts supported by inflated skins down the Avon, and that one came to grief and fell into the river at Bulford, where it remains to this day. “Salisbury in the Bronze Age” (Dec. 13th) describes the contents of the barrows, and the succeeding culture of the Late Celtic people of the Highfield pits, on the site of the present Fisherton Waterworks. In that on “Old Sarum” (January 31st) he attributes the outer ditch with certainty to Alfred in his struggle with the Danes, and regards The Moot at Downton as the finest example of a Saxon meeting place in England. Two lectures on ‘‘Old Sarum and the Norman Occupation,” with the accounts of Bishops Osmund and - Roger, &c., are reported Feb. 2Ist, and March 138th, 1920. cellor Wordsworth gave two lectures on this document, which are re- ported in the Salisbury Journal of Feb. 14th and 21st, 1920. He mentioned incidentally that the Upper Treasury of the Cathedral above the Canons’ Vestry,with its massive iron-bound chest, perhaps as old as the building, was the repository for all records and evidences of of the Chapter. The Dean and others who had “ Peculiar” jurisdic- tion had a separate repository over the great north door of the Cath- edral, whilst the muniments relating to the Bishop’s jurisdiction and _ official estates were formerly kept in the Beauchamp Tower at the Palace, and are now placed partly in a strong room at the Diocesan Registry in Bishop’s Walk, and partly in the Exeter Street gateway building. As regards the copy of Magna Charta now preserved in the Cathedral Library he concludes that it was a contemporary copy made specially for the Cathedral, as was that still preserved at Lincoln Cath- edral. The other two known copies are in the British Museum. It was certainly not the copy mentioned by Bishop Burnet in his “ History of his own Time,” as then in his possession. ‘This copy was in the possession of his son, Sir Thomas Burnet, and of his executor, and his executor’s Ronenven sold it in or before 1769 to Philip, and DL. XLI.—NO. CXXXII. H 98 Additions to the Museum and Lnbrary. Earl of Stanhope. It was obtained by Bp. Burnet from Archbishop © Laud’s cabinet at Lambeth. Salisbury Cathedral Commemoration. Nov. 4th, 1920. ~ Sermon by Canon G. C. Hutchings, Vicar of Beaminster. Printed in ~ fullin Salisbury and Winchester Journal, Nov. 8th, 1919. { ‘A Wiltshire Water Meadow in May.” By George © Southcote (Major-Gen. Sir Geo. Aston, K.C.B.). A fisherman’s article on a chalk stream in the Salisbury neighbourhood. Country Life, May 15th, 1920. pp. 651—2. ADDITIONS TO THE MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Museuni. Presented by Cot. HeENEAGE: Animal bones found at Cherhill. 4 » Mr. W.G. Coxtutns: Fine Fint Arrowhead with long barbs from Conkwell, and leaf-shaped ditto from Westwood. 9 » Mr. W. J. Hemp: Portion of Red Deer Antler, possibly pick, from Wilsford, S. Wilts, Barrow 9. - » Mr. J.C. Mouttron: A number of Fossils from the Bradford Clay and Oolite, Bradford-on-Avon. 7 = » CAPT. CuNNINGTON : A Cross-bow found ina barn at Beck- § hampton. A small square leaden Seal with merchant's § mark, 17th century, dug up in the garden of No. 33, Long §} Street, Devizes. An Iron Cannon Ball found in the found=§ ations of No. 50, Long Street, Devizes. Two Iron Cannon} Balls found in St. James’ Churchyard, Devizes. A 17th} Century Token bought in London, of Highworth? Box} Wood Quadrant, inscribed ‘‘ William Holloway Liv. in All i Cannings anno Dom 1709.” A large collection of scrapers knives and other finely worked flints from Shepherd’s Shore; }} &c. . | a » Con Sir AupLEY NEELp, Barr.: A number of English} Silver Coins found at Grittleton. Library. Presented by THE Curator: Report of Salisbury, South Wilts, and } Blackmore Museum, 1918—19. | SoMERSET ARCH AZOLOGICAL Soctety: Wiltshire Deeds Toe AutHor: Mr. A. ScHomBeEre: “Griffin Curteis,” re- | print from Misc. Geneal. et Herald. : yo ” 99 ” Additions to the Musewm and Library. 99 Presented by Tue AutHor: Mrs. M. E. Cunnineton: Notes on Stone » Mould from South Wales. Man, 1920. Capt. B. H. CuNNINGTON and the Rev. E. H. Gopparp: Britton’s ‘‘ Salisbury Cathedral,” with extra plates and original MS. preface. Capt. B. H. CuNNINGToN: 50 Wiltshire Prints and Maps. A number of Old Devizes Deeds. Mrs. Cunnineton: Index Map to Ordnance Survey of Wilts. Tue AutHor, Canon EK, P. Knusiey: ‘‘ The Record of the Parish of Steeple Ashton in relation to the Great War.” Mr. J. J. SLADE: 21 Wilts Sale Catalogues. Two Wilts Prints. Old Wiltshire Deed. ‘‘ How itis done,” a Patriotic Play by J. Lee Osborn. ‘‘ Pictures in the Fire and other Soldier Ballads,” by M. K. Dowding. ‘‘ Verses to the Fallen, Inscriptions for Cenotaphs,” by T. G. W. Henslow. A number of Wiltshire Pamphlets. ‘ Olympian Odes of Pindar,” by Cyril Mayne. ‘County Courts,” by Whit- marsh. Marlborough Coll. Calendar, 1850. Mr. H. W. DarTNELL: “Some account of John Rose, of Amesbury.” ‘' Lectures on the Catechism,” and ‘“t Explana- tions of the Duties of Religion,” by W. Gilpin. ‘ The _ Castle Children,” by Mrs. Stephen Batson. ‘Three Wilts Pamphlets. Miss DarRTNELL: 6 old Wilts Prints. THe AutHor, Mrs. Richarpson: “The Story of Purton.” 1919. THE Autor, Mr. T. SturGE CoTTERELL: Historic Map of Bath. Mr. E. C. GaRpNER: Several scarce Wilts Pamphlets, Marshall’s Rural Economy, 4 vols., and other volumes. Two Prints of Salisbury Exhibition. - Canon F. H. Manuzy: Wiltshire Pee MS. on Arms of Wiltshire, by Canon Jackson. ‘“ The History of Michael Kemp,” by Mrs. Woodrooffe. Mr. H. Bizitzy: Old Deed. THe Ministry oF AGRICULTURE, through Mr. A. WHITE- HEAD: A large number of Old Deeds connected with Berwick St. James, dc. Mrs. Mc Mitian: A parcel of Notes, Newspaper Cuttings, Letters, &c., by and concerning John Britton, from Canon Jackson’s library. Mr. A. WHITEHEAD: A parcel of 18th cent. Deeds Se to Meeting House at Salisbury. Miss Reynoups: “The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britain,” by John Speed. 1676. H 2 100 Additions to the Museum and Inbrary. Presented by Mr. A. W. Margs: 10 Wilts Deeds, Highworth, &c. a x » He Autor, Miss F. E. Baker (of Salisbury): “The — , Standardisation of Colours.” ‘‘ Address on the Beauty and Usefulness of Colour.” 1920. ss ,» THE PuBLisHEeRS: ‘Devizes Castle, its History and Romance,” by E. H. Stone. » Mr. A. D. Passmore: “ Then and Now, or Fifty Years Ago, , by William Mate.” 1883. f » Mr. Guy Perrson: ‘“ Handlist of Flowering Plants of the © District. Marlborough and Ten Miles Round. By Rev. T. N. Hart Smith-Pearse, O.M.” 1919. ‘‘Handlist of the Birds of the District,” by L. G. Peirson. 1919. | 101 T bv LSOs Tl b Lor 2 0r wee 500 soueleg 66 Poin Ole > we UO te Lee) pue The Tythes belonging to the aforesaid Rectory are estimated to be worth communibus annis CLX.". The total value is Cilij**", v°. Memorandum William Noies of the Middle Temple gent. by Indenture of Lease bearinge date the tenth day of November in the Sixteenth yeare 1 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol. XVI., pp. 198—199. 120 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. of the late King Charles held all the last mentioned premisses for the terme of one and twenty yeares from Michaelmas last past before the date vnder the reserved rent of fifteen pounds att our Lady day and Michaelmas by equall portions And alsoe foure pounds for Two quarters of wheate att our Ladyday yearely for the dischardge of tenthes.! But they are vpon improvem.*, over and above the said Rents and repairs per annum Clix". xv*. /n margin :—Redditus xv". & iiij". for 2 quarters of wheate & xxx‘ per tenthes aportioned: Lands per ann. 2. 10. 0. Tythes R. per an, 18. 0. 0. In toto 20. 10. 0. Will: Webb. There was Twelve yeares of the said terme to come att Michaelmas last. 1649, The Lessors ec. hath demised all that there Rectory or Parsonage of Erchfont alias Vrchfont in the County of Wilts with all manner of houses buildinges barnes stables curtelages, orchards, gardens culverhouses, gleabe lands, tenements, pastures, meadowes, feedings, rents commons, tythes, fruites, oblations, obventions, pentions, portions, & all rights profitts, comodities, emoluments, & advantages vnto the said Rectory & Church belonginge. Except the Patronage & Colation of the Viccaridge there. The Lessee hath covenanted to repaire vphold maintaine & keepe all the aforesaid premisses with all the mounds inclosures & chauncell of the Church of Urchfont & the same soe to leave & yeild upp, And alsoe to pay all dutyes payments & chardges both ordinary and extraordinary, and is to give entertaynment vnto the said Lessors etc every year for Entertaynem' the space of two nights & one day & not to alien there wholle communibus estate without Lycence (except by will):and if the Rent annis, Xx*. shall be unpaid by the space of two monthes after the ; termes limitted & non performance of covenants the lease to be yoyde. » Memorandum Dame Ann Fyre is the present possessor of the said lease as by the oath of Captain Stephen White taken before us. The Viccaridge A house consisting of a hall a pallour a kitchen a buttery, three chambers a barne, stable, garden, orchard & yard. Anda Pightle of pasture adjoyning containing by estimation two acres worth per annum lx§ The small tythes consisting of Cowwhite, calves piggs fruites, gardens, honey geese eggs etc are by computation worth communibus annis x1". The tythes of twenty yard lands in the comon feilds there accustomed yerely to bee paide vnto the Viccar are worth by computation xl.". The Totall vallue is 53" :0:0. Mr. Richard Wall is present Incumbent there. Retorned amongst other things the 20th May 1650 Denys Taylor Will: Stisted Edmond Mountjoy Henry Langley. Ex’. per Will. Webb. Supervisor Generall. 1650. Ex’ Ra. Hall Regist™. Deput. WESTBURY HUNDRED. Wilts.2 Rectoria de Westbury. A Survey of the Parsonage and 1 A few words have evidently been omitted here, cf marginal note. 2 Lambeth Parliamentary Surveys, Vol, XV., pp. 313—318. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington. 121 Mannor of Westbury with the rights members and appurtenances thereof scituate lyeing and being in the parish of Westbury in Com. Wilts late parcell of the possessions or late belonging to Humphrey Hinchman Clarke late Chauncellor of the Cathedrall Chureh of Sarum in Com: Wilts made and taken by vs whose names are herevnto subscribed in the moneth of January 1649. By vertue of a commission to vs graunted (&c., as before). There is belonging to the saide Parsonage the Tyth of all Corne and graine Hay lamb calf cow white and Tythe woods of Coppices throughout the whole parish which is valued Communibus annis per annum 420", All which premisses amoungstother thingsThat is tosay all that parsonage of Westbury in the Com. of Wilts with all fruits tythings messuage Lands tenements building barnes stables dove houses ponds orchards commons wast groundes heathes parrishes woods vnderwoods rents reversions services courts Leets viewes of ffrankpledge waifs estrayes warrens and other rights, jurisdictions priviledges Libertyes, profitts commodityes, emoluments and hereditaments whatsoever to the said parsonage or to any part or parcel thereof belonging or in any wise appertayneinge (The spiritual] jurisdiction with the advowson and presentation of the Vicarage of the saide Church of Westbury when and as often as the said Viccarage shall happen by any meanes to be voyde, only excepted to Humphrey Hinchman and his successors dureing all the Terme of the present lease and graunt reserued) were by Indentured dated the Eighteenth day of December in the Sixteenth yeare of the late King Charles demised by Humphrey Hinchman Clarke chantor of the cathedrall church of Sarum and thereby Parson of Westbury to the same Chauntershipp inseparate vnited and annexed in the sayde county of Wiltes vnto Thomas Bennett of Norton Bavent in the sayde County of Wilts Gent. Robert Keynton of Westbury aforesayde in the @sayde County of Wilts and Roger Cater of Westbury aforesayd in the County aforesayde yeoman. Habendum the premisses with the appur- tenances (except before excepted) vnto the sayde Thomas Bennett his heires and assignes from the date for the naturall lives of him the sayde Thomas Bennett Elizabeth his then wife and of John Bennett his sonne and the longest liver of them (vnder the yearely rent of Threescore and nyne pounds and Tenn shillings. Att the Feasts of the Annunciation of the Virgine Mary and S'. Mychaell the Archangell by even porcions. ‘lhe same yearely rent to be payd at the Crosse in the Church yarde of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum aforesayd. But are worth vpon improvement over and above the sayde rent per annum 411/i- 18. 104. Jn margin :—Redditus 6911. 10°. Thus apporcioned viz'.—the lands 16. 16. 00. the Tythes 52. 14. 00. In toto 69. 10. 00. Dec. 12. W™. Webb. 1650. If-the sayde Rent be behynde and vnpayde by the space of Twenty and Eight dayes being lawfully demaunded at the sayde parsonage house That then and soe often the sayde Thomas Bennett his heires and assignes shall loose fforfeite and paye vnto the Lessor and his successores for every _ suche defaulte the summe of Fortye shillings Nomine pene and that soe often it shalbe lawfull for the Lessor his successores and Assignes to enter and distreyne vpon the premisses or any part thereof for the sayde yearely rent and penaltyes soe become forfeited and the distresse and distresses to take leade drive and carry away and impounde and in pounde to deteyne VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXIII. K 122 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. and keepe vntill the sayde rent and summes of money soe to become forfeited as aforesayde be paide. If the sayde Rent be behinde by the space of Three Monethes being lawfully demaunded at the sayde Parsonage howse Then a Reentry. The Lessee is to repaire and sufficiently to keep repaired the premisses and the Chauncells of the Parrish Church and of the Chappell of Westbury belonging to the sayd parsonage in all necessary repairacions dureing the Terme And shall yearely dureinge the Terme at his owne costs and charges provide ordeyne and give one dinner yearely to the Lords officers of the Hundred of Westbury as hath beene accustomed in tymes past and shall likewise allowe and paye yearely to the Viccar of Westbury aforesayde for the tyme being or his assignes one loade of Hay every yeare dureing the terme. The lives are in being Thomas Bennett the Lessee aged fifty yeares Elizabeth his wife forty. John Bennet his sonne twenty. ‘The advowson right of Patronage and presentation to the Viccarage of Westburye-aforesayd | wee finde did belong to the Lessor. The Viccarage there throughout the whole parrish is worth per annum: 80", There are within the sayde parish Two Chappells of Ease which Chappells have full congregations the one at Bratton and the other at Dilton each of them T'wo miles distant from the parish Church of Westbury and foure miles distant from each other. The present Vicar there is Mr. Phillipp Hinton to whom belonges the care and charge of all the three places. An Abstract of the present Rents future Improvements and all other profitts of the Parsonage and mannor of Westbury. The Reserved Rent of the sayde Parsonage and mannor payable Lessee which is the only present profitt to the State is per annum 691. 10%. 004. The Rents of Assize or the Rents of the Coppyhould Tenaunts of the sayde mannour togeather with all profitts and perquisites within the sayde mannour to the Royalty thereof apperteyning naw in graunt to the Lessee are perannum 03. Ol. 10. The Improved value of the parsonage aforesayde over and above the sayde Rent is perannum 4111. 18% 10%, The improvement of the Coppyhold Lands of the cae Mannour over and above the sayde yearely rent is O71. 18. 04. per annum. Walt. Foy Jo: Squibb Chr. Weare Geo: Faireley Surveyors. Ex’ per Will. Webb Supervisor General 1650. Ex’ Ra: Hall Regist: Dep‘. [ Date from endorse- ment :—Recept: 4 Febr. 1649.] WHORWELLSDOWN HUNDRED. Wilts.! Rectoria de Keevill. A survey of the Rectory of Keevill with the rights Members and appurtenances thereof lying and being in the County of Wiltes parcell of the possessions, or late belonging to y® Deane and Chapter of y® cathedrall Church of y* Holy Trinity of Winton, made and taken by us whose names are herevnto subscribed in y® moneth of October 1649. By virtue of a commission to us granted (&c. as before). ! Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. XVI., pp. 289—290. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon EL. J. Bodington, 123 There belongeth to the said Rectory a small parsonage house consisting of Foure Roomes Thatched, one large Barne built with Stone & ‘Timber, and covered with stone slate, and one Orchard conteyning in the whole by estimation one Acre and one Rood which wee value to be worth per annum 1 Acre. 1 Rood. 1iij" per annum. Glebe Land belonging to y*® said Rectory. One meadow called Wick- mead conteyning by estimation Three Acres wee value at Thirty Shillings the Acre per annum amounting to 3. 0. ij". x®, One Acre of Meadow in the Ham wee value to be worth Thirty shillings pervannumy 1.0. XxXx*, One parcell of pasture called Little Wood conteyning by estimation Three Acres, wee value at T'wenty shillings y° acre per annum amounting Oman Oa) tj! One parcell of Lammas meadow, lying part in Bulkington, part in Sceene, conteyning by estimation halfe a Rood (the Fore Crop whereof belongeth to the said Rectory), winen wee value worth two shillings six pence per annum — — jj. vj%. In the north Feild seaven acres and a halfe of Arable by estimation which wee value at Tenne shillings y* Acre per annum amounting to 7. 2. ijl. xv’. In Weekefeild Twelve Acres and a halfe of Arable by estimation which wee value at Tenne shillings the Acre per annum amounting to 12 2. yi ve. In Couple Church Feild eight acres and a halfe of Arable by estimation which wee value at Tenne shillings per Acre per annum amounting to See aye. ye: The totall of y* Parsonage House and Glebe landes amounteth to per anmum XxXvjy vij vio, There belongeth to the said Rectory all the Tithe Corne & hay within the Parrish of Kevell (the 'ything of Bulkington excepted) which wee value to be worth per annum Cliij — xij*. vj®. The Totall value of the proffitts of the said Rectory amounteth to per annum Clxxx!i. M’. The Lease of the said Rectory hath not beene produced vnto vs, but wee finde by the Lidger books that Thomas Lambert, Esq’. holds all the said mentioned premisses from the Deane & Chapter Redditus xvijii of Winton by Indenture of Lease dated 26 Junii II Car. for and during the terme of Twenty one yeares from Thannunciation last past before the said date vnder the reserved yearly rent of Fourteene poundes and Three poundes instead of enterteynment payable at the feast of St. John the Baptist yearly, but This Lease to be the said premisses is worth upon improvement over & produced. above the said Rent, one hundred sixty three pounds per annum. Clxiij!i. The Leassee etc by covenant to keepe the premisses in repaire at his ownme ‘proper costs and charges during the said terme and at the end thereof shall soe leave the same. : The Leassee to beare and pay all rents and charges due to the King, and alsoe all other yearly charges growing out of the said Parsonage, and other Ke 2 124 ‘The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. the premisses dureing the saide terme. Andif the said yearely payment of Three pounds bee behind Thirty dayes after the said Feast, then the Lease to be void. St. Edward Boynton present Tennant. There was seaven yeares to come of the said terme the Twenty fifth day of March last. The Right of Presentation of the Minnister to the Viccarage of Keevill was formerly in the Deane & Chapter of Winton. ‘The Proffittes thereof being worth forty pounds per annum. The present Incumbent Mr. John Rutty. Robert Voyce. Edward Hooker. Jam: Quarles. Fran: Hodges. Exam. per Will: Webb supervisor general. 1649. | ‘‘Certaine Parcells and Porcions of Tithes in severall places.” Decan Sarum. Comit: Wilts.' Recept: the 7" May 1650.” 2 per estimacion two Acres, and thother called Woollham per estimacion likewise two Acres, the Tithe of which two closes of meadow is due and payable to the Parson and vicar of the parish of Winterbowne Stoake afore- said, and alsoe exceptinge three Lambs and three fleeces of Wooll due and payable yearely to the Viccar of the said parish out of the Flocke of Sheepe belonginge to the aforesaid Farme all which tythes due and payable to the said late Deane and Chapter over and above the exceptions before specified is worth per annum xxvij'i- vij®. 1174. All which premisses, That is to saye, all the porcion of Tithe corne graine Haye wooll Lambs Piggs eggs Geese Doves Honey Wax and other tythes whatsoeuer comeing ariseing groweinge or runeinge in the parishe of Winterborne Stoake in or vpon a certaine Farme therin called the Lord of Arrundells Farme, which farme is now in the possession of W™. Snowe and scituate within the parishe of Winterborne Stoake aforesaid in the countye of Wilts was per indenture dated 25 Junii 12° Caroli. demised by the late Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall of Sarum vnto William Snowe of Winterborne Stoake in the County of Wilts gent. Mabendum from the Feast of the Nativity of St. John Baptist last past before Redditus xl°. the date for the terme of xxj yeares vnder the yearly rent of Forty shillings to be paid in the Close of the Cannons aforesaid at the feast of St. Michaell the Archangell and the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary by even portions but are worth upon ma over and above the said rent per annum xxvii. yijs, 113%. If the said yearly rent bee vnpaid by the space of 60 dayes then a sec There remayneth of the terme vnexpiered 8 yeares from the Feast of St. John ye Baptist 1649. The Remainder of the Terme is in William Snowe the Lessee. All that porcion of Tithe of or vppona certaine Farme bahar to Edward Tucker esq’: sett lyeinge and beinge in the parish of Winterborne Maddington in Comit: Wilts the Tithe whereof for all corne and graine wooll Lambe and all other Tithes whatsoever (but not of hey) groweinge 1 Lambeth Parl. Surveys, Vol. XV., pp. 219—231. 2 The first page of this survey is lost. This title is from the endorsement. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon E. J. Bodington. 125 and runeinge yearly therevpon was due and payable to the late Deane and Chapter of Sarum (excepting the Tythes of x. Acres of wheate and x acres of Barley parcell of the said Farme, and the tithe wooll of 160 sheepe, par- cell of the Flocke belonging to the said Farme, five tythe Lambs, five Apples and five eggs, all which by custome or composicion due and payable out of the said Farme to the Impropriate parsonage of the parish of Madd- ington. All which Tithe due and payable to the aforesaid Deane and Chapter over and above the exceptions before specified is worth per annum xxxii. All which premises are claymed held and enjoyed by Edward Tooker, Esq. propriator and owner of the aforesaid Farme, by vertue of a Lease (as wee are informed) from the said Deane and chapter of Sarum which hath not been produced to vs. Jn margin :—The Lease to bee produced. All those Tenths or Tythes great & small of what kind quality or nature soever they be comeinge groweing or runeinge yearly within or out of the Forrest of Chutewiltshire in the County of Wilts and within or out of the Forrest of Chute Hantshire in the County of Southampton. All which were dueand payable to the late Dean and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum, and are worth per annum Ixxxii All ich premisses (that is to saye) all those there Tenths and Tithes great and small of what kind qualitye or nature soever, they bee comeinge groweinge ariseinge increasinge runeinge or beinge or that at any tyme hereafter shalbee comeinge groweinge ariseing increasinge runeinge or beinge within or out of all the Kast and west Walks wood in the County of Southampton or any parte or parcell thereof, with all and singuler their appurtenaunces together with all the Tithes of all and every or any of the Forrest grounds, out grounds or purpresture grounds part parcell or member of the said east & west walkes of the said Forrest of Chute in the said County of Wilts, and walkes wood in the said County of Southhampton with all and singuler their appurtenances as fully and freely and in as large and ample manner and Forme as the said Tenthes and Tythes were by a Deed indented demised and graunted vnto John Isington deceased by the Deane and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Sarum, by and vnder the name and names of the Tenths and Tithes runeing within or out of the Forrest of Chute Wiltshire, and the Forrest of Andover. and Husborne alias Chute Hamshire in the County of Southampton or by or vnder any other name or names whatsoever, were by Indenture dated vltimo August 15° Caroli demised vnto Thomas Hawley his executors or assignes from the date for the Terme of xxj'* yeares vnder the yearly Redditus xl*. Rent of fortye shillings, payable at two feasts or terms in the year most usual, (That is: to saye) att the Feast of S*‘. Michaell the Archangell and of the Annunciacion of the Virgin Mary at the Font stone of the Cathedrall Church, but are worth vppon Improvement over and above the said Rent per annum Ixxviij!i. - If it happen the said yearly Rent of forty shillings or any part thereof to to bee behind or vnpaid in part or in all by the space of forty after any of the said feasts being lawfully demaunded at the Fontstone that then and from thence forthe demise to be void and a reentrye. A cov‘. for the payment of the Rent according to the tyme Limitted. 126 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. All those Tenths and Tythes of whatt kinde qualitye or nature soever they bee comeing groweinge or runeinge yearly in or vppon a certaine farme called Hippingscombe sett lyinge and beinge within the County of Wilts betweene the Forest of Chute and Savernocke, All which were due and payable to the late Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum and are worth per annum xxvii. All which premisses are claymed held and enjoyed by! Sutt of Chilbolton in Comit. Southampton Esq’ By vertue of a Lease (as wee are informed) from the said late Dean and Chapter, which hath not pee produced to vs. All those Tenths and Tithes great and small of kinde qualitye or nature soever they bee comeing groweing ariseinge or runeinge yearely within or out of the Forrest of Chippenham alias Pewsham within the County of Wilts (The ‘l'ythes or Tenthes of the Parke of Bowewood excepted (together with the Tithes of all the said Forrest grounds out grounds or perpresture grounds, beinge-or that at any tyme heretofore have beene part parcell or member of the said Forrest all which Tenths or Tithes are worth per annum |i. | All which premisses have been claymed by the late Deane and Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of Sarum as of right belonginge and appertaineinge to them. And by vertue of their said Clayme and right severall Demises by Indenture of Lease have beene made and graunted by them to severall persons succeeding one another as by the counterparts of their severall leases found by vs in the Muniment howse in the Cathedrall Church of Sarum doth appeare vizt- by the last Indenture bearinge date the 27th July 17th Caroli they particularly demised by the said late Deane and Chapter vnto Henry Shuter of Chippenham in the County of Wilts. Habendum from the date for the terme of xxi yeares vnder the yearly rent of forty shillings at the Feasts of St- Michaell the Archangel] and of the Annun- ciacion of the Virgin Mary by even porcions. By another Indenture bearinge date the 26% of January 7° Caroli they were znter alia expressly demised by the said Deane and Chapter vnto John Essington the elder of Durneford in the County of Wilts esquire. Habendum from the date for the terme of xxj years, All of them vnder the like yearly rent of xl* and at the same termes of payment: which last mencioned Lease is said to bee surrendered when the latter Lease was graunted, the same being then not expiered, and;by a Third Indenture bearinge date 26th October 8° Jacobi they were by the said late Deane and Chapter amoungst the Tithes and Tenths of other Forrests lyeing within the said Countye of Wilts and in the said Indenture of Lease specified and named demised vnto Otho Nicholson of Cittye of London Esqt: Habendum for the terme of xxj yeares. But that the before recited premises were enjoyed by any of the before named persons by vertue of the before recited and respective Leases, wee doe not certainely finde yett by reason of a Sute now dependinge betweene the parson of the impropriate parsonage of Chippenham and the Inhabitants of the said Forrest for the Tithes of the said Forrest as being within the said parish of Chippenham. Wee do finde that the said 1 Blank in MS. Communicated by the Ven. Archdeacon HE. J. Bodington. 127 Inhabitants for the tyme to come are willinge to paye theire Tythes to and for the vse of the State in behalf of the right or clayme of the said late Deane and chapter, provided that the same can be go cleared, as they shall not be charged with a double payment of theire Tithes to seuerall persons claymeinge the same by seuerall and differinge rights. Memorandums Wee dos finde moreover, that the said late Deane and chapter have claymed the Tithes of severall other Forrests viz: The Tithes of the Forrest of Savernocke alzas Savernacke Melksham alzas Blackmore Cricklade alzas Brayden, and Grovely all of them lyeinge within the County of Wilts and alsoe the Tithes of the Forrest of Buckholt and New Forrest lyeinge in the County of Southampton for enjoyeinge and holdinge of all which Tythes wee doe finde by the counterparts of severall Indentures found by vs in the muniment howse of Sarum severall leases have beene graunted to severall persons commencinge from seuerall respective dates and for seuerall reserued rents and termes. And that the whole annuall proffittes or Improvments of those Tythes have been at any tyme peaceably and quietly enjoyed by any of the severall respective persons to whom the said -geverall Leases were respectively graunted wee doe not certainely finde But are credibly informed that they were only graunted for questioninge and tryeinge of Titles or the Claymers claymes of right to those Tithes, but nevertheless that noe enjoyment of those Tithes was ever evicted by reason or by vertue of any Tryalls excepting in Savernock Forrest, where wee are informed that John Essington Esquire did by vertue of a Lease from the said late Deane and Chapter of Sarum obtaine a decree or judgment in the court of Chancery or Common pleas against the Inhabitants of Savernocke Forrest for their Tithes which they now denye affirmeing that they ever did hold and enjoye theire Lands free from the:payment of any Tithe. And wee are moreover informed that the said late Dean and Chapter did clayme the Tythes or some porcion of Tithes in and over all Winsor Forrest but have not seen any particuler grannt made thereof to any particuler person or persons by any Indenture or Counterpart of Lease nor cann wee certainly learne collect or gather from any cleere prooffe or evidence that ever the Tythes or any part of the Tithes of or within the Forrest of Winsor have beene enjoyed by any person or persons holding or claymeing the same by vertue of any right graunt or Lease made to him or them of from or vnder the said late Dean and chapter of the Cathedral! Church of Sarum. ‘The said late Deane and Chapter have alwaies enjoyed the Tithe wood of all coppices or vnderwoods groweinge within Claringdon Parke in Comit: Wilts, and have received the same in kinde yearley whensoever any coppices within the foresaid Parke was felled and cutt downe, or otherwise at some tymes or in some yeares when any of the coppices within the said Parke were felled and cutt downe they did as pleased them sell their Tithe of every such coppice or coppices as was that yeare felled or cutt downe for such prices as they could gett and obtaine for the same as doth appeare by severall and differinge prices and ‘sumes of money with the receipt thereof, the severall and respective Communt®:! or yearly receivours for the said late corporation of Dean and Chapter doe charge themselves by 1 Sze. % Commissioners” intended. 128 The Church Survey in Wilts, 1649—50. severall of their yearly Rolls of Accompts found by vs in the muniment howse at Sarum. But it doth noe where appeare that any interest or estate was made thereof to any manner of person or persons by virtue of any demise or graunt from the said late Deane and chapter, neither hath any person or persons at any tyme claymed any interest or estate therein by vertue of any Lease or graunt &c. Wee doo therefore returne the aforesaid Tithe of all coppices or vnderwoods groweing within Claringdon Parke aforesaid to appertaine and belong to the Trustees for Sale of Deane and Chapters Lands for the use of the State and to bee worth communibus annis per annum. xviiji Returned the 7% May 1650 by Chris" Weare, Walter Foy George Fairley, John Squibb Surveyors Ext: Ra: Hall Regist. Dept. [ Concluded. ] 129 NOTES ON THE RURAL DEANERIES OF MARLBOROUGH AND CRICKLADE, 18121 Communicated by the Rev. G. F. TANNER. The long dormant office of Rural Dean was revived by Bishop Fisher at the close of the year 1811, and the Rural Dean’s Book, now in Mr. Tanner’s custody, from which these notes are taken, was drawn up by the Rev. Charles Francis, Rector of Mildenhall and of Collingbourne Ducis (1788 to 1821). Itisa small 4to vellum-bound book, 8in. X 64in., entitled ‘‘ Mem- oranda of the Injunctions respecting epairs & Improvements of Churches, and Parsonage Houses. within the Rural Deanries of Mar!l- borough and Cricklade, left by the Rural Dean C.F. in his first Visitation, A.D. 1812.” The Rural Dean orders the ground round the Church walls - to be lowered, and a drain to be made, roof and pews to be mended, walls where green to be scraped and whitewashed, no graves to be dug within 3ft. of the Church walls or pillars, or within the Church at all unless bricked and arched, new coverings for pulpit and communion table, and in many cases the ceiling of Churches with half-inch deal—this last injunction was often shirked by churchwardens. In cases where the plate existing in 1891, when Nightingale’s Church Plate of Wilts was. published, differs from that described here, I have added a note myself.—Ep. H. Gopparp. Aldbourne. 1812. Curate, Mr. Mitchell. Plate given by Col. Oliver Nicholas: silver chalice and paten, very large silver flagon and lid, silver gilt chalice and paten. H. Com. monthly. Average of com- municants, 15, (at the festivals 30 to 40). ‘Two services on Sundays. Present Vicar, John Elderton, non resident. ‘‘ The Poors Chancel” in the Church “nearly rebuilt” 1812—1814. Great Bedwyn. 1812. Vicar, Mr. Skey. No resident clergyman. Service once a day in morning or afternoon. No Vicarage. Two silver chalices, two pewter plates, a pewter flagon and lid, 1768. Holy Eucharist four times a year, Communicants 100. Population 1800. Worth £100 ayear. [The pewter vessels have disappeared.—E. H.G.] “The Earl of Ailesbury (as Impropriator of the Prebend of Bedwin) claims Archidiaconal Jurisdiction and appoints an Ecclesiastical Commissioner or official who is now the Rev. Chas. Francis, Rector of Mildenhall and Collingbourne Ducis. The Dean of Salisbury likewise visits this Parish and at his late Visitation at Hungerford appointed the Rev. Benjamin Newton, Vicar of Little Bedwin, to be his Rural Dean for both the Bedwins and 8 other neighbouring Parishes, Peculiars.” 1 A portion of these notes formed part of a paper read by the Rev. G. F. Tanner, Rector of Collingbourne Ducis and Rural Dean, at a Ruridecanal Conference held at Pewsey, Dec. 6th, 1915, and were printed inthe Wvlts, Berks, and Hants County Paper, Dec. 10th, 1915. 130 Notes on the Rural Deaneries of Marlborough and Cricklade. [Notes on the Church by the Rev. W. C. Lukis, Vicar and Rural Dean, 1851.] “The ground plan with an orientation of 5 degrees to the S., remains very nearly the same as it was 500 years ago; the only additions being the N. and 8S. porches, some buttresses to the S. aisle built A.D. 1684, and a staircase turret to the tower at its N.W. angle. It consists of nave, N. and S. aisles, N. and S. porches, transept, and chancel. The tower is 60ft. high, N. to S. 26ft. and 25ft. from E. to W. The west front was rebuilt in 1848, when a new doorway was added to the N. aisle, the principal door enlarged, and the height of centre window, which is of Third-Pointed style, reduced. The W. window of thes. Aisle is mutilated, and over the west door of N. aisle there is a quatrefoil opening. The aisles were formerly much lower, and the roof of the nave stretched across them both. ‘The weather mouldings of this original roof are still visible on the tower and transepts. The chancel has a priest’s door on S. side and ten side windows, each being a narrow Middle- Pointed slit, with trefoiled heads, the two next the tower having low openings under a transom. The east window is Middle-Pointed of three lights, and has been rebuilt and altered, the centre light having formerly had a foliated head. All the roofs of the Church have been lowered. The original pitch rose to the lower string course of the tower. The tower is Middle-Pointed up to the parapet, which is a pierced Third-Pointed battlement. There is a window of two lights with a quatrefoil in the head on each face of the tower, and on the N. side a small pointed opening gives light to the ringing floor. The staircase turret was built in 1840, and there is a peal of six heavy bells. The style of the nave is ‘Transition Norman, but is combined with so much First-Pointed ornament that it cannot be dated. The N. porch is of wood work and is probably composed of materials used in the ancient rood screen and loft. It rests on a brick base, and in the spandrels of the arch are seen the badges of the Seymour and Hungerford families. The chancel is a few years older than the transept and the transept preceded the tower by a few more. The transept was built by Sir Adam de Stokke, who died in 1313. The N. and 8S. windows are similar and are of three lights cinquefoiled, having upper and lower parts ogeed, and between these in head of the window is a eightfoil set diamond-wise, the foils alternately round and ogeed. ‘The smaller E. and W. windows are of two lights trefoiled with a cinquefoil (each foil trefoiled) between them. The transept is constructed of flint work with stone dressings. The base mouldings of the piers are decidedly of First-Pointed character. ‘The foliage on the capitals of the middle piers on the S. side is altogether of that style. A niche containing a figure of the Blessed Virgin carved in stone, and ornamented with colour and gold, still exists in centre of N. E. respond, but being much mutilated has been covered with plaster. The chancel screen is of oak in the Third-Pointed style. ‘The font, raised on three steps, is in the S. transept. It is Third-Pointed, and each face of the bowl has a quatrefoil panel with a rose in the centre. The stem is modern. Under the S. window of S. transept are two Middle-Pointed arched Communicated by the Rev. G. F. Tanner. 131 recesses: One containing a cross-legged figure of Sir Adam de Stokke, and the other a broken slab of Purbeck marble on which is the indent of a brass cross and an inscription to the memory of Sir Roger de Stokke, supposed to be a son of Sir Adam. Over the recess which contains Sir Adam’s figure is a curious Middle-Pointed piscina, but the shelf is at some distance from it. The walls of transept were originally covered with curious drawings, which were exposed to view in 1842, They were probably coeval with this part of the Church, and were executed in red and yellow ochre and gilt, but becoming faded by exposure they were re-covered in 1851. ‘There is a fine Middle- Pointed piscina in S. wall of chancel, and many ancient tiles in the paving. On the W. side is an Elizabethan monument to the memory of Sir John Seymour, father of Queen Jane and of the Protector. He was originally buried in the Priory Church of Holy Trinity, Easton Royal, but this Church having become totally ruined his body was removed to Bedwyn in 1590, There is also a brass on a flat stone to the memory of John Seymour, eldest son and heir of Sir John, who died in 1510. This was probably removed from Easton at the same time. In 1853 it was resolved by the parish to restore the Church under the direction of T. H. Wyatt, Esq., Diocesan Architect. . . . The work of restoration was commenced and carried on throughout the following year, 1854, and the Church was re-opened by. Bishop Hamilton on Easter Monday, 1855. The nave walls and the south aisle were rebuilt from the foundations, they being greatly out of the perpendicular and considered un-sound and dangerous. ‘I'he other parts of the building were simply re-roofed. ‘The tower was re-roofed and the bells re-hung with entirely new framing and gear. A small dooratthe W. end of the N. aisle,which had been inserted by a former Vicar,was removed, with a view of erect- ing a new stone porch in its stead. The south porch of modern con- struction was also removed. Earl Bruce excavated a large portion of the chancel and underpinned the walls, for a family vault ; and in doing this leaden coffins were found containing the bodies of William, Duke of Somerset ; Frances, Duchess of Somerset, his wife: Henry, Lord Beauchamp, their son ; William, Duke of Somerset, son of Henry, Lord Beauchamp; and a leaden coffin of peculiar construction, containing as conjectured the body of Sir John Seymour, of Wolfhall, father of Queen Jane Seymour.” Little Bedwyn. 1812. One silver chalice and cover, 1682, pewter flagon and lid 1682, pewter plate, 1695. One service with sermon on Sundays in morning or afternoon. Holy Eucharist four times a year, Com- municants 20. Population 500. Value £3060 from tithes and glebe. Vicarage House good. Vicar, Benj. Newton, resident part of the year. [The pewter plate has disappeared.—E. H. G.] [Notes on the Church by Rev. W. C. Lukis. ] ‘‘Some portions of this Church are older than any extant in the Church of Bedwyn Magna, which was formerly the mother Church. It consists of a nave with clerestory, N.and 5. aisles, chancel, S. porch, and a tower and spire at the W. end. The nave is late Norman, having 132 Notes on the Rural Deaneries of Marlborough and Cricklade. a range of piers and round arches with billet moulding on the N. side and a range of pointed arches on S. side, supported on Norman piers. The rest of the Church is late Third- Powited. with square-headed windows, the east window only having an arch. There is a good piscina and a priest’s door in the 8. wall of chancel. The tower and spire are admirably proportioned and rise to the height of about 70ft. The Church has been restored during the oe few years and the Third- Pointed roof of N. aisle repaired.” Burbage. [Note by Rev. W. OC. Lukis.] ‘The Church consists of nave, N. and S. aisles, N. transept, S. porch, chancel, and modern vestry built on the 8. side of chancel, and tower at the W. end. It bears traces of having once been a ian structure, considerably enriched in several parts. The chancel N. and S. windows are beautiful Middle- Pointed specimens each differing from the other and having remnants of good stained glass. There are much-mutilated sedilia and a piscina on the 8. side, and a priest’s door, also on the same side. ‘The nave arches and tower appear to have peer rebuilt in late Third- Domi times. Buttermere. 1812. Small silver chalice and cover, pewter plate and flagon. One service and sermon, morning or afternoon. Sacrament three times a year, Communicants, five, Population 120. Income £300. Rectory in a most ruinated and falling state. ‘The Rector, Dr. David- son, resides at Dunstable, Bedfordshire ; Curate, Mr. Gale, lives at at Linkenholt: [In 1891, when Nightingale’s Church Plate of Wilts was published, “ nothing was known of the old plate.” ‘There was only a plated chalice and paten given in 1856,when the Church was rebuilt.— EK. H.G.] “The well is 120 yards to water, but so high is the situation that the ponds are very rarely dry.” ‘The Church is a very small building chiefly of flint with no pillars or aisles or separation from the chancel, but its sides are parallel from E. to W. walls. On the West end is a low wooden turret which as well as the Porch and Church are tiled. There are two bells.” Chilton Foliott. 1812. Curate, Arthur Meyrick, of Ramsbury. Rector, Edward Popham, D.D., resident in Rectory House. Plate: Pare chalice and paten on a stem, given by Mrs. Mary Bigg, 1699. A plate given by John Piper, two goblets given by John Craven, 1796. Service twice and one sermon on Sundays. H. Com. four times in the year, communicants 30 to 40. Population czr. 600. Chiseldon. 1812. Plate: small silver chalice and cover. Handsome silver paten on a stem given by Mrs. Arabella Calley, 1770. Vicar, Mr. Warner, resides at Swindon. Service on Sundays once, alter- nately morning and evening. Sacrament four times a year. Com- municants about 30. Population (1801) 904; (1811) 997. Value of Vicarage £125. Collingbourne Ducis. 1812. The Rector, Charles Francis, Rural Dean, occasionally resident; always two servants at the Rectory, a large a i i ih i hn IRR init esc Communicated by the Rev. G. F. Tanner. 133 convenient tiled building. A resident Curate. Large silver chalice, pewter flagon, and two plates. [All this plate has disappeared, and been replaced by more modern vessels —E. H. G.] ‘‘ The present in- cumbent has had the whole parish mapped and intends the map for his successor,” Collingbourne Kingston. 1812. Curate, Mr. Wilson, resides at Bur- bage, the Vicar, Nicholas Westcomb, Vicar Choral of Winchester Cathedral, resides at Winchester, for forty years. Income £140, after paying Curate. Vicarage a ruin and tumbling down is rented for paupers by the parish officers, two miserable families inhabit the kitchen, exposed to the air, and their lives are in danger every day. One silver chalice, one silver salver on a stem, one pewter cup and plate. Service once. [The silver salver and the pewter vessels have dis- appeared.—E. H. G.] New Vicarage built between 1812 and 1817. Draycott Foliott. 1812. No Church. Population about 40. Patron, Ambrose Goddard, of Swindon; Rector, Thomas Goddard Vilett, LL.D. Rectory worth £200. Everley. 1812. The Rector, Mr. Berguer, a Swiss, is non resident. Value £800. Rectory in ruins and Church. “ The Lord of the Manor, Mr. Astley, who is now Patron of the Living, wishes and has proposed to remove and rebuild the Church and Rectory Buildings, and has ob- tained the Bishop’s consent and made conveyance of land for a new site.’ Plate: a handsome silver flagon holding a full quart given by a Mr. Sweetman, a large handsome silver plate for alms given by Mr. Greville, a small silver chalice, and a small silver salver on a stem. The Rev. F. Astley, of Manningford Abbas, Curate. [None of these pieces of plate remain, the present plate (1891) is all hall-marked 1813, and though the flagon is inscribed 1754, it is hallmarked 1813, and was re-made then.—E. H. G.] Froxfield. 1812. Vicar, Mr. Evans, resides at Woolwich. Curate John Gilmore. Plate: small gilt chalice and lid, 1610. Pewter flagon and two plates. [This is apparently the interesting silver-gilt cup really ‘inscribed 1619, but the lid has disappeared—E. H. G.] Service on Sunday morning and evening alternately. Eucharist four times in the year. Communicants 10. Population 147. Ham. 1812. One small silver chalice and cover, one silver paten on stem given by John Hunt, 1734. Income £400. Service morning or evening on Sundays, once in winter, twice in summer. Sacrament four times a year, communicants six. Population 280. Hector, Mr. Gomm, resides - at Bramdean, Hants. Curate, Mr. Davenant, resides at Kintbury. One of the registers of baptisms and burials strangely cut and mutilated many years ago. Huish. 1812. Metal chalice and plate badly silvered. One service morn- ing orafternoon. Population 60. Income £200. Sacrament four times a year, three communicants. Rector, Charles Mayo, resides at Beech- ingstoke. Church rebuilt 1785 “ without aisles and somewhat shorter 134 Notes on the Rural Deaneries of Marlborough and Cricklade. than the old Church dilapidated.” ‘ Rector is building a new rectory house of brick and tile sashed.” ‘In the old Church was a large antique font ornamented with sculpture and is at present serving as a cistern at the back door of Mr. John Ward, at Marlboro, the steward of the Froxfield Charity, its place is supplied by an absurd thing like an egg cup set up close to the entrance into the Church.” Manningford Abbas. 1812. Flagon and lid given by Mr. Adams, Rector, and his wife, 1782. Spacious building. Antique small silver chalice. Rector, the Rev. Francis Astley, resides. {ncome £305. One service morning or afternoon. Six communicants, Holy Communion four times a year. Population 131. ‘‘The Rectory House is yet un- ' finished but when compleated it will be a most spacious dwelling of brick sashed and covered with blue slates and fitted in a costly way with offices, dc.” Manningford Bruce. 1812. Small silver chalice and cover, a pewter plate and tankard and lid. One service morning or afternoon. Holy Communion four times a year, 30 to 40 communicants. Rector, George Wells, LL.D., resident. Marlborough St. Peter. 1812. Rector, Barth. Buckerfield, resident. Marlborough St. Mary. 1812. Vicar, R. H. Tucker, resident at Ogbourne St. Andrew’s (at Marlborough, 1824). ‘The Parish Library Ceiling to be mended, the Room and Books to be cleaned, the Books arranged and a Catalogue of them to be made by the Vicar.” Mildenhall. 1812. Charles Francis, Rector. Plate:—‘‘Silver paten on stem, the gift of the Hydes, formerly of Stichcombe, and two silver chalices and covers, which are two salvers.” Service twice and sermon and catechising children once on Sunday. Holy Communion four times a year, number of communicants 60 to 70. Population (1811) 365. 1816. “In the course of the last two years . . . the inside of the Church has been entirely renewed. A new black and white stone pavement has been laid down, the walls scraped and plaistered with Roman cement. New massive doors of oak put up. Entire new pews of the finest oak with some carving throughout the Church erected, carved pulpit and reading desk, perfectly alike, of oak placed at the entrance into the chancel, a handsome gallery of oak added to the west end of the nave, a new and elegant font and lid given by John Long, Esq. A superb set of books richly bound in red morocco, and a very costly sett of hangings and cushions of Genoa purple tele and gold embroidery fringe and tassels for the Communion table, pulpit and reading desk, the gift of Daniel Jones Long, Esq., &c., the whole expense very little if at all short of £2000.” Milton Lilbourne. 1812. Income £70. Silver chalice and cover, pew- ter flagon and lid. One service morning or evening. Sacrament four times a year, 13 to 20 communicants. Curate, Mr. Jackson. Vicar, “The unfortunate Mr. John Brathwaite,” resides in good house or Vicarage. Population (1811) 340. Communicated by the Rev. G. F. Tanner. 135 Pewsey. 1812. Curate, Mr. Jackson. Old gilt chalice and cover, silver salver on stem, another salver, a very handsome silver plate, and two silver flagons, the gift of Mr. and Mrs. Stanley, 1739. One service, morning or afternoon, Holy Communion, four times, 16 to 20 com- municants. Population 1200. Half the parish Sectarists. Rector, Joseph Townsend, resides in Bath, spends month of August in Pewsey. Good Rectory house, etc. ‘‘ When resident he will sometimes minister and when he does he hands down the Bible to the Clerk to read the first lesson and himself preaches without notes. He is said to have been Heterodox, and at one time was strongly active.” Income £1300 to £2000. [The old gilt chalice is no doubt that now (1891) existing, hall-marked 1679. All the other silver plate mentioned was “‘re-cast and re-modelled” in 1876.—E. H.G.] “The Pulpit and Reading Desk are uncommonly handsome of oak given by Mr. and Mrs. Stanley, 1739. - Two old pictures of Moses and Aaron, full length portraits in black frames, are stuck up in the corners of the east end of the chancel, and two dozen leather buckets are strung along the front of the gallery with a board and device of the Salamander office.” Preshute. 1812. Vicar, Bartholomew Buckerfield, resides at Marlborough. No remains of Vicarage House for many years. Site pointed out by tradition on §.E. side of churchyard. Parsonage (Rectory) House adjoining churchyard. Tidcombe. 1812. One silver salver on a stem, 1736, one very small silver chalice. One service morning or evening. Holy Communion four times a year, 10 communicants. Vicar, John Gilmore, lives at Froxfield. Curate, Mr. Elston, at Chute. Decent thatched Vicarage. £38 value. Wilcot. 1812. Silver salver on stem, chalice and cover, a pewter flagon. Eucharist four times a year, 25 communicants. One service on Sunday, morning or evening. Population 600. Income £130, Vicar, Mr. Sherer, resides for nine months in thatched Vicarage opposite the Church. [The pewter flagon has disappeared. —E. H.G.] A new chancel built by Col. Wroughton, 1835. Wootton Rivers. 1812. One small silver chalice and cover, pewter flagon and lid, and plate. Two services, one sermon. Holy Communion four times, 12 communicants. Population 370. Rector, Rev. Dr. Outram, Public Orator of Cambridge, Rector of 8. Philip’s, Birmingham, non resident. Curate, Zachary Brooke. Good house. Income £400, Chancel formerly separated from the Church by a handsome oak screen, now removed, _[Note by Rev. W. C. Lukis, 1853.] “A most beautiful Middle- Pointed Church of good proportions, consisting of a nave and chancel, the separation between which is at present shown only by a bold corbel under the N. and S. eaves of the roof, and by the stone basement of the rood screen, which is nearly concealed by the pews. The S. porch doorway is exceedingly beautiful, the arch being foliated. The windows and doors are richly moulded, but the E. and W. windows are partially concealed by a ceiling which spoils the Church.” 136 Notes on the Rural Deanery of Cricklade. Deanery of Cricklade. Elington or Wroughton. 1812. Plate: silver flagon, silver paten on stem given by the Rev. Edward Jones, Rector, 1719. Ancient gilt chalice, 1576. Service twice on Sundays, “afternoon sermon by sub- scription.” H. Com. four times a year. Average of communicants 50. Population, 1811, 1800. Value of Vicarage about £170 per annum. “The Rector at present is the Rev. Mr. Fenners [1], whose lessee, the widow of the late William Codrington, Esq., resides in the Parsonage House, which has been improved at a very considerable expense.” Present Vicar Mr. Merest, who keeps a school at Diss, in Norfolk. [The Church.] ‘On the oak screen separating the chancel from the Church at a considerable height is built a sett of pews for the exclusive use of Salthrop House and its domestics. The ascent is by a long flight of stairs from the chancel.” Present Curate Mr. Price, “an opulent and beneficial clergyman, who with a wife and large family resides in the Vicarage House which he keeps very neat.” Hiniton or Hinton Parva. 1812. Mr. John Jos. Goodenough, Curate. Plate: large silver flagon and lid, and two handsome salvers, the gift of Thos. Coker, D.D., Rector, 1719. One chalice and cover. Rector, Mr. Punier, nonresident. Value of Rectory £700 per annum in gift of Bp. of Winchester. Service once on Sunday morning and afternoon alternately. H. Com. four times a year. Average number of com- municants 10. Population cz. 250. - Luddington Prebend, Luddington Vicarage. 1812. Curate, Mr. Warner, Vicar of Chiseldon. Plate: small silver chalice and cover, flagon and lid, and two plates of pewter. [The chalice and cover have disappeared.—E.H.G.] H. Com. four times a year. Average of com- municants 12. Population 400. Service alternately morning and evening on Sundays. Rector, Mr. Taylor. Vicarage worth about £170 per annum. Vicar, Henry Taylor, s. of the Rector, resides at King’s Somborn (Hants). ‘‘The Parsonage or Prebendal House is a mean stone and thatched building situated between the churchyard and the Vicarage. It is occupied asa farm house.” “ It was said that formerly here was a library or a good number of books at the Vicarage House, which being left unguarded and open to anyone are now all gone and lost.” Wanborough. 1812. Curate, John Joseph Goodenough, resident in Vicarage House. Plate: small silver flagon and lid, given by Mrs. Hinton, 1638. Chalice and cover, 1577. Plate 1692. Present Vicar, John Hopkins, non resident. Vicarage House new and small. Service on Sundays twice in summer and once in winter. H. Com. four times ayear. Thirty communicants. Population 600—700 (800 in 1814). e ies) EAST WILTSHIRE MOLLUSCA. By Ceci P. Hurst. Member of the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. One hundred and seventy species of British Land and Freshwater Mollusca are given in the Conchological Society’s latest list, and one hundred and twelve species are recorded in Mr. E. W. Swanton’s ** Mollusca of Wiltshire” (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvi., 57,1908). ‘The “ district ” of the Marlborough College Natural History Society includes the country within a ten mile radius of the town, comprehending about sixty-two square miles, and within this area exactly one hundred species have been found; eighty-three of these have come under my notice near Great Bedwyn, seven miles S.E. of Marlborough. It may be mentioned that the area possesses twelve of the seventeen recorded British slugs and that the great desideratum, Limax tenellus, is still unrecorded. ‘The following notes include species and varieties that were observed within a few miles of Great Bedwyn during 1919, the latter half of 1918, and the first half of 1920. Perhaps the most interesting finds were the slugs Agrzolzmax laevis (seen in half-a-dozen localities) and Iilax gagates (noticed at Rivar, and the rare little Vertigo shells, substreata and pygmaea, found under pieces of bark in Savernake Forest, these four molluscs all being new to the Marlborough district ; other noteworthy shells were the white-peristomed cream-coloured var hyalozonata of Helix nemoralis with translucent bands, occurring on the downs near Tid- combe, the beautiful brick-coloured red-banded specimen of var. laterctca of H nemoralis,fromthesame locality,and the var.subcarinata of Helix hortensis, the shells showing distinct keels, seen ona bank m Brook Street, Great Bed- wyn, the last new to the British Islands. Theoccurrence of Helix pomatia, Enamontana, and Clausilia Rolphii in the neighbourhood indicates the southern latitude of the village, these shells being typical South of England species, absent from the North. On the 3rd Sept., 1919, I paid an interesting visit to a small hanging wood near Rivar, a hamlet about three miles south- west of Great Bedwyn, situated at the base of the chalk escarpment, which faces northwards. The day was very wet and the dripping beech trunks were swarming with the shells of seven species :—A’na obscura (plentiful), £. montana (nine shells observed). Clausilia laminata (abundant), C’. lamenata var. alowna (rather plentiful, I took twenty-one shells of this pretty variety and noticed nine on a single trunk), C. bidentata (common), Hygromia striolata (common and the white var. alba not uncommon), Helix hortensis (rather common and ascending high, all white-lipped shells, a specimen with the uncommon band formula 10305 was noticed) and Helecigona lapicida (plentiful and typical). The shells were climbing the trees in order to feed on the cryptogamic plants, especially the minute algae (Plewrococcus) which occur on the bark, and I noticed the greater the growth of these, the more frequented the tree. It was interesting to observe the resemblance some of the shells bore to the low knobby excrescences that occurred on VOL. XLI,.—NO. CXXXIII, L 138 East Wiltshire Mollusca. the beech trunks, and on several occasions I took hold of these protuberances thinking I had found a specimen of Hna montana; Clausilia laminata, Hygromia striolata and especially Ena obscura were also very deceptive in | this way. Another feature was the large number of very small immature Helix hortensis, 2—3 mills. in diam. that were busily engaged on the tree trunks in the quest for food. A few specimens of the arboreal slug, Limax arborum occurred, and I also noticed fine examples of LZ. maximus var. férussacit (with spotted shield) and var, sylvatica (with blotched shield and longitudinal banding)'on the trees. These beeches were a great contrast to those in the Grand Avenue, Savernake Forest, where on a wet day with the exception of a stray specimen of Balea perversa not a single shell is visible though the tree trunks are swarming with the tree slug, Limax arborum; on one occasion I counted fifty specimens on one tree and at another time forty on another, and very interesting specimens of Limaz cinereo-niger are obtainable. The highly calcareous nature of the soil of the wood at Rivar consisting of rubbly chalk has probably something to do with the profusion of shelled molluscs. On the Ist Oct., 1919, during showery weather, I visited ‘“‘ Rivar Firs,’ a clump of beeches on the top of the escarpment a little to the west of the wood which has just been described ; here the trees were crowded with Hna obscura and Clausilia bidentata, Helix hortensis was plentiful, and Hygromia striolata and its vars. alba yubens, albocincta (five specimens) and danubialis (five specimens) also occurred on the beeches, and I even saw a specimen of /Helicella caperata. climbing. Among the H. hortenszs noticed were vars. lutea, conica, rosco- labiata, and the band formulae coalita (12345), 10045, and 12345. An addition to the arboreal species was Helix nemoralis, which I occasionally noticed on the same tree as H. hortensvs and sometimes the species were in close proximity. Among the arboreal H. nemoralis observed were vars. olivacea (one specimen), castanea (two specimens), conica lutea 00300, fascialba rubella 00300 (two specimens), petiveria, shell fawn-coloured (one specimen), and rubella, with band formulae 12345, 10345, 103(45), and 10300. Limax arborum was plentiful on the beeches and very fine specimens were seen. Mr. F. Booth, of Shipley, in Yorkshire, sends me the interesting obser- vation that heis able to tell roughly from what part of the kingdom certain shells are derived, for instance, he says shells of Helicella caperata from the South of England have a more silky appearance than Yorkshire specimens, which are rougher and more strongly striated, and northern examples which he kindly sent me certainly bear out his statement; he also mentioned that he had noticed the same thing with Hygromia striolata, Helix nemoralis, and H. hortensis. Similarly, poulterers are said to be able to discriminate between Yorkshire and Scottish grouse. It may be mentioned that a warm very wet day is the best time to look for land shells, Mr. L. E. Adams stating in his very interesting book on our terrestrial and freshwater mollusca that some of his most successful days have been spent in pouring rain; he also says that logs, large flat stones, pieces of old matting, and cabbage leaves form excellent shell-traps. My grateful acknowledgments for much kind help are due to Mr. J. W. Taylor, of Leeds, whose monumental Monograph has been much consulted in compiling the following notes, and By Cel Fr. Hurst. 139 also to Mr. KE. W. Swanton, of Haslemere ; the latter’s very useful “ British Non-Marine Mollusca” has been followed with regard to nomenclature and arrangement. Further information upon the local conchology may be obtained from my papers “ Marlborough Land and Fresh Water Shells” (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxix., p. 465,) and ‘‘ Kast Wiltshire Mosses, Hepatics, and Land Shells” (Wilts Arch. Mag., xl., p. 231). It may be stated, with reference to the banding of Helix nemoralis and H. hortensis, that the normal five bands of these shells are numbered 12345 from above downwards, an absent band is represented by a nought (0), and when two or more bands are combined to form one, the numbers of the bands are placed in brackets, for instance, (12)045 would denote that the first and second bands were » united, while the third band was absent; this scheme for recording the number and arrangement of the bands was devised by the distinguished conchologist, Herr Georg von Martens many years ago. 7=North Wiltshire, and 8=South Wiltshire, the vice-counties being separated by the Kennet and Avon Canal, and var.=variety. Iimax maximus (Linn.). 7, 8. A large handsome slug, occasionally found under stones, fallen pieces of bark, logs, etc., especially in damp and rainy weather. I noticed a specimen of var. fasccata sub-var. Mfiillert (Moq.) which has two double rows of black spots on its back in Rivar Plantation on a very wet day, specimens of var. sylvatica (Morelet), which is generally taken as the type,in Rivar Plantation and Savernake Forest and a fine example of var. obscura (Moquin-Tandon), in which the longitudinal banding of the animal is indistinct, being obscured by the diffusion of the darker colouring, in Tottenham Park ; the last var. is recorded for Savernake Forest by Mr. Denison Roebuck in the Journal of Conchology for \st May, 1918. L. cinereo-niger (Wolf.). 7,8. I saw var. aterrima (less. & Poll.),black with ochreous keel, and var. munctata (Lessona) ochreous colour striped black, in Foxbury Wood, and var. Maura (Held), animal entirely black, and var. hedleyz (Coll.), a form in which chocolate-black is the prevailing colour in Savernake Forest, and also in the Forest an immature specimen of the new variety, brunnea+vera (Roebuck), with brown ground-colour and banding which Mr. Roebuck published in the Journal of Conchology for Ist May, 1918; these vars. were kindly named by Mr. Taylor. Mr. Taylor also determined a specimen of var. /uctuosa (Moq.) I found in the Forest ; in this var. the body and shield are black but the keel and dorsal line are sullied with a yellowish shade. JZ. tenellus (Miller). A keen look-out should be kept for this little slug in Wiltshire: it has been found in the New Forest.’ Z. flavus (Linn.). 7, 8. A specimen sunning itself on a wall at Shalbourne on a bright winter’s day in Jan., 1919; an example also observed crossing the road in Great Bedwyn village in July of the same year; this large slug, with dull orange mottled body and violet ten- tacles, especially affects human habitations and buildings such as cellars and stables, and is nocturnal in its habits, concealing itself during the day and emerging at night to devour what refuse it can find. ZL. arborum (Bouchard- Chantereaux). 7,8. Common in'the district ; a fine and interesting species, which is a great feature on the beeches of the Grand Avenue in Navernake Forest, where it abounds on the tree trunks during rainy weather. On Wy 140 Kast Wiltshire Mollusca. i one very wet day I counted no fewer than fifty on one tree and on another occasion forty ona single trunk. I have also seen it on beeches at Ramsbury and Rivar. A few of the specimens from the Grand Avenue were placed by Mr. Swanton under var. bettonz2 (Sordelli), which has the lateral bands fused together but broken up by pale spots. The very soft and gelatinous body, pale ashy grey in colour, marks off this slug from other species. Agriolimax agrestis (Linn.). 7, 8. ‘he common garden slug, cream-coloured and with milky slime, too abundant everywhere ; though not of generally arboreal habits, immature pale specimens coming under var. pallida (Schrenk), the typical unicolorous form of the species, were rather plentiful on beeches in Rivar Plantation during rainy weather; I alsosaw an example climbing at Ramsbury. Var. nzgra (Morelet). I found a specimen, referred to ‘‘very characteristic var. nigra” by Mr. Taylor, crawling on the road near Rivar in very wet weather; the slug was practically entirely black, but the milky slime revealed its identity. Pale forms [var. pallida (Schrenk.)] and darker more or less reticulated forms [var. reticulata (Miller)] are abundant throughout the district. A. laevis (Miller). 7,8. A small mahogany-coloured slug of very active habits, nearly always found by water, and so glossy that it has the appearance of having been varnished ; it was noticed in about half-a-dozen localities, beneath dead branches in Foxbury and Bedwyn Brails Woods, under planks by the Shalbourne Stream, near Shalbourne, among vegetation by a small watercourse near Stype Wood, and also in a reed bed north of the Kennet and Avon Canal near Froxfield; it is supposed to be a rare Wiltshire species, being only recorded by Mr. Swanton from the borders of ponds near Stourton, but perhaps this is from a general lack of searchers in the county: it is quite new to the Marlborough list. Milax gagates (Drap.). Several specimen of the type in rainy weather under a large stone at Rivar; by the old boundaries the locality was just in Berkshire, but the new borders place it well within Wiltshire, nearly two miles from the county boundary ; the old county limits having to be observed, the slug must be assigned to Berkshire, for which county it is a first record. — . Vitrina pellucida (Miller). 7, 8. Rather common in this locality, especially prominent in the winter under pieces of bark in damp situations. Vitrea cellaria var. albina (Moquin-Tandon). A quite characteristic specimen of this whitish var. occurred in the district, V.alliaria var.viridula . (Jeffreys). 7. An example in Savernake Forest, shell greenish-white (teste Swanton). V. pura (Alder). 7,8. Bedwyn Brails Wood and Birch Copse, Savernake Forest ; occasionally found but by no means common ; the horn-coloured var. nitzdosa (Gray) occurs in about equal numbers with the type, which is whitish. Zonttoides nittidus (Miiller). 7. A fair number of empty shells in a reed-bed with an abundance of living Hygromia granulata near Stage’s Lock, Froxfield, on the north side of the Kennet and Avon Canal. Arion ater (Linn.) 7, 8. The var. atra (Linn.) of this large black handsome slug, which is generally taken as the type, is common throughout the district. A curious feature is the occurrence in considerable numbers Pe ee en ee Dechy Te, ELUTE. 141 of the var. aterrima (Taylor), which has the foot-sole entirely black, while in the type the median area of the foot-sole is markedly paler than the side zones ; this is a mountain form which is sporadic in the lowlands. I have not yet traced out its distribution in this area with any accuracy, but it occurred in large quantities on a bank by the canal at Great Bedwyn ; was rather plentiful, associated with Succinea putris in a little bog towards Crofton (specimens from this locality were kindly verified by Mr. Swanton); and I also noticed an example in Tottenham Park ; Mr. Swanton records this form from Edington. Var. castanea (Dum. & Mort.) was found in Foxbury Wood, while the brown var. brunnea (Roebuck) was rather common; in Foxbury Wood were observed forms which approached the lead-coloured var. plumbea (Itoebuck), and also a pale fawn-coloured slug, darker dorsally and with an orange foot-fringe which was near the amber- coloured var. succinea (Miiller), but which Mr. Taylor tells me has not yet been distinguished by a name. Chisbury Wood also produced the livid yellow sub-var. /zvida (Colb.) of the var, succenea (Miller) and the sub-var. marginata (Moquin-Tandon), white or whitish with a yellow foot-fringe of , the var. alba (Linn). Near Froxfield I noticed a specimen of the var. marginella (Schranck) which has a black body and shield with yellow or vermilion red foot-fringe. I saw specimens of A. ater climbing beeches near Rivar. Mr. Taylor mentions that the young of all the Arions are subject to great colour mutation during growth. A. subfuscus (Draparnaud), 7, 8. A brownish slug which is common throughout this area under logs and sticks and in damp woods and other moist localities, and I distinguished vars. rufo-fusca (Drap.) and conereo-fusca (Drap.) and characteristic specimens of the interesting var. férussaci (Kaleniczenko), _ which is yellowish or orange, with lateral bands and dorsum greenish-grey and has a yellow foot-fringe; Mr. ‘Taylor, who kindly named the vars., only gives one British record for var. férussac?, under planks near the bowling green at Welshpool, in Montgomery. A specimen of the orange sub-var. aurantiaca (Dum. & Mort.) of var. succinea (Bouillet) was noticed near Khododendron Drive, Savernake Forest. At Ramsbury and in the Grand Avenue, Savernake Forest, Arion subfuscus was observed climbing beeches. A. entermedius (Normand). 7, 8. An interesting little slug, generally called the ‘“ Hedgehog Snail” from its being covered with pointed tubercles. Itis rather common in the district and I have found it scattered through Savernake Forest and Tottenham Park and have also seen speci- mens near Stype Wood; in other localities in the north of the Forest I saw a dark form which probably approached var. plumbea (Taylor), On the 17th Oct., 1817, Mr. Charles Oldham found a few specimens of the type in the Forest which were recorded in the Census Authentications by Mr. Denison Roebuck in the Journal of Conchology for May, 1918. Specimens were observed climbing beeches at Rivar in rainy weather. A. hortensis (Férussac). 7,8. Generally distributed and rather common in gardens and woods; a very dark, almost black, specimen, coming under var. nigra (Moq.), was noticed near Rhododendron Drive. A. fasciatus (Nilsson). 7, 8. Common and widely spread under moss and logs and in damp places generally, and showing little variation. | 142 Kast Wiltshire Mollusca. Punctum pygmaeum (Drap.). 7, 8. Five living specimens under bark near Savernake Lodge, Savernake Forest, during Nov. and Dee., 1919, and a dead shell in Tottenham Park; thinly scattered through the district ; a fine example was found under a log in Wilton Brails wood by Mr, J. H. Adams. . ‘Sphyradium edentulum (Drap.). 7, 8. This tiny shell continues to be found sparingly in Savernake Forest in the wood through which Khodo- dendron Drive runs. I also saw an immature living shell under bark near Savernake Lodge, in the Forest. : Pyramidula rupestris (Drap.). 7,8 A little species which I have been unable to find; it was recorded for Great Bedwyn by Mr. Frederick Townsend about 1850 and should be looked for after rain on old walls, in the mortar of which it is often abundant. . Helicella virgata (Da Costa). 7,8. Of the vars. of this common shell, the brown submaritima-(Jeffrey) and the white albicans (Grateloup) are very frequent near Great Bedwyn, the var. maculata (Moquin-Tandon) in which the bands are broken up into spots is not uncommon, and I found by a roadside between Ramsbury and the London and Bath Road a few speci- mens of the one-banded var. subalbida (Poiret). H. ctala (linn), 7, 8. A few shells of the white var. alba (Charpentier) occurred on a bank near Shalbourne, I also found a white shell near Folly Farm, Great Bedwyn ; the species itself is widely distributed and rather common on the chalk . downs. Our form here, which is pale whitish-brown, is very markedly lighter in colour than deep-brownish shells from the vicinity of Eastbourne which I have recently examined. A. caperata (Montagu), 7, 8. The yellow var. /utescens (Pascal) was observed on a chalky roadside between Ramsbury and the London and Bath Road, and I found an immature ex- ample of the var. alba (Picard), shell pure white, near Great Bedwyn ; the _ type was seen climbing beeches at Rivar and Dod’s Down. JZ. cantiana (Montagu). 7, 8. This very rare Wiltshire shell was plentiful among nettles by the roadside near Alton Barnes in May and June, 1919, but I only saw immature examples. Some yearsago on a chalky bank near Shal- bourne, where this species occurs in large numbers, I found an example of the very rare var. pyramzdata (Colbeau) with the shell of a somewhat pyramidal form ; the shell was a dead one, but it was a good specimen and exactly matched the figure in the Monograph ; this year (1920) on the same bank I took an example with a raised spire approaching var. pyramidata of which it may probably be regarded as an uncharacteristic specimen. The shells above Shalbourne are mostly var. albocincta (Cockerell) approaching var. rubescens (Moquin-Tandon) but 1 have seen the type near Rivar. Specimens from the bank at Shalbourne found in 1920 were named var. elevata (Williams) and var. depressa (Taylor) by Mr. Taylor ; only single records for each of these rare forms are given in the Monograph. Hygromia hispida (Linn.). 7,.8. An example of this common species was noticed climbing a small tree in Rivar Firs. Var. fusca (Moquin- Tandon). A specimen in Savernake Forest ; Mr. Taylor wrote :—‘‘ The H. hispida I refer to the var. fusca; it 1s the AH. concinna of Dr. Jeffreys, the comparatively hairless flat and widely umbilicated form and age RA eae By Cecil P. Hurst. 143 I have shown Linné’s type specimens are this form. Your specimen could be regarded as var. depilata (Alder) but the shell is scarcely adult and I am inclined to regard a good submarginal rib as a subsidiary character of the form, the var. fusca being a colour variety keeps us free from the the uncertainty.” Var. nana (Jeffreys). 8. Several specimens in rainy weather on the downs near Tidcombe; shell small with depressed spire and strong white internal rib. Var..conica (Jeffreys), one characteristic living and one characteristic dead shell in Rivar Firs; the spire is elevated in this var,, and the shell smaller. A. striolata (C. Pfeiffer). 7, 8. Of this very abundant species, the H. rufescens of Pennant, the followings vars. were noted in addition to the common forms, rubens (Moq.) shell more or less reddish, and alba (Moq.) shell white, which are recorded in my paper ‘Marlborough Land and Fresh Water Shells,” referred to above :—Var. danubialis (Ulessin). Shells with raised spires are not uncommon in Rivar Firs, near Shalbourne, and Mr. Taylor wrote :—“ The Z. striolata with the raised spire I refer to the var. danubzalis of which the var. montana is practically a sub-var.” Var. depressa (Taylor). A dead shell in a planta- tion near Rivar: Mr. Taylor wrote :—‘ ‘The somewhat flat dead shell may be termed var. depressa but is scarcely a characteristic specimen.” I have found several much better-marked. shells near Rivar. Var. major (Vaylor).° A dead shell nearly 15 mills. in diameter near Rivar. Var. albocincta (Cockerell). Five splendidly marked specimens of this var., which is not uncommon in the district, were found in Rivar Firs ;.in this var. the shell shows a distinct white zone at the periphery. Monstrosity subscalare (Williams). ‘Several specimens with partially disjointed whorls near Rivar; a specimen in my paper, ‘ Marlborough Land and Fresh Water Shells,” recorded as var. scalariforme would be better placed under monst. subscalare. Helicigona lapiceda (Linn.). 7,8. Plentiful on beeches during rain at ' Rivar, shells all typical: AH. Arbustorum (Linn.). 7, 8. A well-marked specimen of var. conozdea (Westerlund) which also came under var. menor (Steenberg) was found in a hedgebank near Stype Wood; I found a good living specimen of the rare white var. albina (Moquin-Tandon) in Rivar Copse, Inkpen, Berks, a few hundred yards away from our county boundary ; the discovery of this rare form so very near our borders is worthy of notice. Helix aspersa (Miller). 7, 8. A number of specimens of var wnicolor (Moquin-Tandon) shell clear uniform fawn colour, and of var. fammea (Picard), shell with pale flammular markings which show a tendency to coalesce and form transverse bands alternating with darker areas, occurred in the garden of Ivy House, Great Bedwyn (teste Swanton) and I also noticed a small shell which showed some approach to sub.-var. acuminata (Baudon). H. pomatia (Linn.). 7. Mr.'laylor kindly wrote about Rams- bury specimens :—‘‘ The shells (several in number) with pointed spire may be referred to var. acuminata (Baudon) ; one of the specimens may be referred to var. costellifera (Baudon) though not so strikingly developed as in the figure on plate xxi of my Jfonograph ; one or two can be placed under var. fasciata (Porro), though the markings are not very sharply defined.” Mr. Swanton also kindly referred four specimens to 144 Hast Wiltshire Mollusca. var. fasciata and wrote :—“‘I think the dark pomatia are var. fasciata. (Porro) rather than var. brunnea (Moquin-Tandon).- In brunnea the banding is only faintly perceptible, in fasceata it is distinct and spiral ; English specimens are usually the sub.-var. befasciata (Locard) shell 2- banded, as are yours.” In another gathering, however, four of the shells from Ramsbury were referred to var. brunnea (Moquin-Tandon) by Mr. Swanton. Hf. nemoralis (Linn.). 7, 8. This handsome banded Helix is probably widely spread throughout the district in suitable locali- ties, being commoner than is usually supposed ; this is due to the fact that it lives chiefly in the recesses of woods and in colonies on isolated chalk downs far from human habitations, while the closely allied and much better known Helix hortensis seems to take a delight in establishing itself by frequented ways, in gardens, roadside hedges, and especially in hedgebanks and wayside banks in villages, etc., so that in summer, during and after a period of rain or during a spell of dampness or mist, it is very much brought into public notice. H. nemoralis and H. hortensis in common with most snails often appear before an impending shower, and therefore in a sense may be looked upon as country barometers ; this is especially the case in France where they are supposed to ascend the vineyard poles only short distances for transient showers, and the higher they climb the more pro- longed itis thought will bethe storm. ‘These two Helices vary interminably in the size and shape of shell, ground colour of shell, colour of bands, colour of lip, nature and arrangement of the banding, etc., and this endless series of combinations and variations forms an inexhaustible and most interest- ing study. A very large colony of Helix nemoralis was noticed on the chalk downs at about: 850 ft., half-a-mile west of Tidcombe, four-and-a-half miles south of Great Bedwyn ; the shells occurred in great plenty over a con- siderable area among the tufts of heather and plants of the Stemless Thistle’ (Cnicus acaulis) which grow on the downs at this place. The locality is very favourably situated near the top of the escarpment which faces north, - the cool north wind bringing large supplies of the moisture so much beloved by molluscs. . The station was noticeable for the large proportion of unico- lorous shells, perhaps 60 or 70 per cent. being unbanded ; this fully agrees , with the statement on p. 288 (vol. iii.) of Mr. Taylor’s Monograph :— ‘Distinctly and darkly banded shells are most prevalent in shady and umbrageous situations, amidst a luxuriant vegetation, and the absence of banding on the upper surface may possibly be correlated with dwelling in open, bright, and sunny situations.” A very large number of band- less red [var. rubella (Picard)] and bandless olive-brown [var. olivacea (Picard)] shells occurred, also a good number of the beautiful bandless yellow form [var. Jzbellula (Risso)], and fine specimens of var. libellula 00300 were rather common. Other vars. noticed here were var. violaceolabiata (Taylor) teste J. W. Taylor (a beautiful form with lip of a purple or violet tint), of which several specimens were observed ; the only British records. for this var. given in the Monograph are from Char- minster, in Dorset, and from Donegal); var. fuscolabsata (Taylor) teste E. W. Swanton (peristome and rib of a pale brown colour) of which about a dozen shells were noted, this is recorded for England in the Monograph Paes wee i te oat rs fc pial = by Ceol mo Hurst. 145 for ten vice-counties ; var. bimarginata (Picard) teste E. W. Swanton (shell with a brown or dark peristome, bordered interiorly with a milk-white rib) —Several specimens seen; a very characteristic example of var. manor (Moquin-Tandon), shell not exéeeding 16 mills. in diam.; and a few of var. conica (Baudon) shell with elevated spire, including a splen- did specimen of the sub-var. conoidea (Cless.) with spire still more raised, the specimen measured 19 mills. in height by 19 mills. in diam., and was yellow with a band formula 00345, but perhaps the most beautiful form was an example of var. lateritia (Dumont and Mortillet) with the band formula 00300; the shell was bright brick-red, almost looking as if it had been painted, the band was also brick-red and was marked off from the ground colour by a lighter area above and below, so that the shell also came under var. fascialba (Picard), the peristome was very pale pink with an interior white rib. Very noteworthy shells also ~ observed in the station near Tidcombe were five examples of var. hyalozonata (Taylor),teste J. W. Taylor, with pure white peristomes ; this var. is described as having the bands colourless and transparent, and the condition of my specimen exactly agreed with the notes of Mr. E. Collier, quoted on p. 316 (vol. III.) of the Monograph :—‘' This variety, according to the observations of Mr. E. Collier, has a very deciduous epidermis, the shell soon becoming weathered, and the light cream-coloured epidermis coming away in flakes, leaving the shell of a pure white with transparent bands.” Mr. Taylor records black peristomed and pink peristomed shells of var. hyalozonata, and the white peristomes of the Tidcombe specimens are very interesting. Small colonies of H. nemoralis were noticed near St. Katharine’s Church, in Savernake Forest, and near Timbridge arm ; the latter locality produced evar. coalita (Moq.), which is the form with all the bands fused into one broad girdle (a splendid specimen of this was also yielded by the Tidcombe station), a number of dzbellula and rubella, several 00300 and 12345, one 10345, and one 023(45). Fine specimens of the var. castanea (Picard) were noticed in Foxbury Wood and on trees at Rivar; in this var. the shell is described as of a beautifu! dark colour, approaching the tint of the horse chestnut. Near St. Katharine’s Vicarage, in Foxbury Wood, and at Rivar, I noticed specimens of the extremely interesting var. fascialbu (Picard), and a shell I sent to Mr. Swanton from the last locality was named by him rubella, coneca, and fascialba, as including the characteristics of these three vars.; Mr, Taylor says in var. fasccalba the shell has a pale, more or less calcified and opaque peripheral band, usually on a darker but more translucent ground tint, which represents a former scheme of banding now lost by suffusion and degeneration, upon which the more modern bands are developed, the pale peripheral band really indicating the original or a more | primitive ground colour. He goes on to say that this var. is one of the most interesting and suggestive of the whole range the species offers, and is evidently an atavic form; Mr. Carrington has noted the pale central band as frequently present in South of Kngland examples, and it is not uncommonly found around Great Bedwyn. ‘Two rubella shells with the very common band formula 00300 showed great irregularity in the pigmen- tation of the band. WH. hortensis (Miller), 7, 8. This pretty banded shell 146 Kast Weiltshiwe Mollusca, is very common around Great Bedwyn, especially by roadsides and in hedgerows, a bank by the Kennet and Avon Canal and a bank in Brook Street being especially prolific in interesting forms, and in the latter locality I found shells with distinct but not prominent keels, which Mr. Taylor referred to var. subcarinata (Picard), new to the British Isles ; he wrote :— “I should certainly regard your specimens as var. subcarinata; I do not know of any other capture in this country,” and of another gathering he wrote :—“ The slightly keeled H. hortensis should certainly be classed with var. subcarinata, the specimens are on the faint side.” The ground colour of the shells was very pale yellow (var. lutescens) (Schmidt) and the band formula 10045; var. swbcarinata was first described from specimens found in the department of the Somme, in France, by Picard and the Monograph only records it from this locality. Afterwards on the same bank I noted an immature yellowish 10005 with a well-defined keel and two pale yellow 10045 with not very well-defined keels and violet mouths. With regard to variations in form of shell, specimens with raised spires (var. trochowdea) (Clessin)) are not very uncommon and very chacteristic trochoidea lutea 00000, trochoidea 12345, and trochoidea bicolor (Ckll.) occurred. Size of shell—Mr. J. H. Adams found a shell 16 mils. in diam., and I found a specimen between 15 and 16 mills. in diam., both of these would probably - be referred to var. menor (Moq.), or would be considered to approach it ; in this var. the diam. is 15 mills. With regard to variations in colour, the unicolorous var. lutea (Picard), shell described as of a more or less vivid yellow, was exceedingly common, and the sub-var. Jutescens (Schmidt), in which the shell was of a paler and less brilliant yellow, which included many 10005 and 10045, was not uncommon; unicolorous shells of various shades of red, encarnata (Picard), bright rose colour, fagorum (Weinland), shell of the colour of dead beech leaves, which is supposed to be of some protective value, were quite frequent ; unicolorous fawn-coloured specimens coming under var. baudonia (Moq.) occurred ; about a unicolorous shell of a bluish- violet colour referable to var. /ilacina (Taylor), from a bank near Shalbourne, Mr. Swanton wrote :—‘ The dzlacina form of H. hortensis comes under sub- var. palleda (Cockerell),shell of a pale purplish or purplish-brown colour, and the shell is also interesting as it has transverse banding (var. undulata) (Taylor) and shows well the effect of a severe blow.” J founda fine specimen of var. dzlacina inachalk pit near Chilton Foliat, but this bluish-violet form is by no means common near Great Bedwyn; specimens of the sub-var. grisea brunnea (Ksmark), shell greyish-brown, and hepatica (Esmark), shell liver-coloured, were occasionally found on the bank in Brook Street. _ With regard to variation in banding of shell, a few specimens of the un- common var. undulata (Taylor), only recorded in the Monograph from four vice-counties,some quite characteristic, occurred on banks in Great Bedwyn; in this var. the spiral banding is broken up and fused together transversely at more or less regular intervals. HKxamples of the beautiful violet banded var. violaceozonata (Taylor) were very rare, this uncommon form is only re- corded in theMonograph from South Devon, South- West York, and Belgium; var. rufozonata (Cockerell), which includes yellow shells with pale red-brown bands, were not uncommon, and various band formulae were noted, among aa By Cecil P. Hurst. 147 them (12345) and (123)45 and a shell with raised apex, coming under var. conica. Shells with translucent unpigmented bands, var. arenicola (Mac. gillivray) occurred uncommonly, but specimens with imperfectly pigmented bands, assignable to var. Jurida (Mogq ), were not infrequent,and I noted band formula 123(45) and 10345, the former formula being apparently rather common with this type of banding. With regard to variations in colour of lip of peristome,var. roseolabiata (Taylor) shell with a pink or rose-coloured aperture is found, but is not common, but var. vzolaceolabiata (Taylor), shell with a purple or lijac lip is very noticeably frequent, occurring in yellowish broad and heavily-banded shells, and especially in reddish un- banded specimens of the zncaurnata type, the latter probably referable to var. Sauveurt (Colbeau) and I have violaceous peristomed shells with the following band formulae :—(12345) two specimens, (123)(45) three specimens, (12)(3(45) eight specimens, 12345 three specimens, (12)345 and 10045, one specimen of each, and possibly in these the violet colour of the lip is due to excessive pigmentation, I also possess two rosy brown shells, which probably come under var. roseo-hepatica (Esmark) and have violet mouths ; the Jfonograph only records var. violaceolabiata from the three vice-counties of West Cornwall, North Somerset, and Northampton, and also from Germany and France; a few specimens of var. fuscolabris (Kreglinger), shell with brownish aperture or lip occurred, but this form was very scarce; about half-a-dozen examples, of the uncommon var. bi- marginata (Taylor) were seen, this var. has a coloured outer lip, bordered internally by a white rib and is only recorded in the Monograph from West Sussex and Mid West York. With regard to the band formulae, the commonest forms were, of course, /utea 12345 and dutea 00000; the var. coalita (Moq.), in which all the bands are fused together, was not uncommon; shells with formulae 123(45), 1(23)45, several 10305 (from Rivar, a quite uncommon banding), 103(45), and (12)345 were noted, and on the bank in Brook Street a specimen of 100(45) occurred and was kindly verified by Mr. Taylor, who states in the Monograph that it is “ quite scarce and is only reported from this country by Mr. J. F. Musham and Mr. Swanton.” Another very interesting shell found in Great Bedwyn and kindly verified by Mr. Taylor had a theoretically septemfasciate banding with formulae 1204455, the small figures denoting that small bands had been split off the normal-fourth and fifth bands. I have also found in Great Bedwyn several shells with the formula 000(45), which Mr. Taylor says is quite rare in the British Isles and North America, and Mr. J. H. Adams noted Great Bedwyn specimens with formulae (1 2)345, (123)(45), 10:45, 10:(45), 1:345, and 123:5, the : indicating that the band it represents is only present in a weak or rudimentary condition. Fina montana (Drap.). -I continue to find this rare species in Rivar Plantation and on the 1st July, 1920, which was very rainy, I saw about fifteen or sixteen crawling on the wet beech trunks, many of them being immature shells. H. obscura var. albina (Moq.). A few examples of this rare white shell occurred on beeches during rainy weather near Rivar, and [ also found a living specimen under bark at “ Rivar Iirs” on 30th Dec., 1919. Jaminia cylindracea (Da Costa). 7. A living specimen and two dead 148 Hast Wiltshire Mollusca, ones were found in the garden of Ivy House, Great Bedwyn, by Mr. J. H. Adams in March, 1920; a very local shell in Wiltshire. J. muscorum (Linn.). 8. A living shell under a piece of wood near a dewpond on the downs near Wexcombe, the only example of this species I have seen in Wiltshire. Mr. F. Townsend found it at Great Bedwyn about 1850, and Mr. Swanton records it as locally abundant in the county. | Vertigo substriata (Jeffreys). 7. Three perfect living specimens under bark near Savernake Lodge; a very rare Wiltshire shell only known hitherto at Roundway Hill, Devizes, where it was observed by Miss Cunnington and the Rev. J. E. Vize. V. pygmaea (Drap.). 7, 8. -A per- fect living specimen under bark near Savernake Lodge; an immature living shell under a small log in Foxbury Wood ; also a very rare Wilt- shire species only recorded from the banks of the Kennet and Avon Canal near Trowbridge, where it was noticed by the Rev. J. li. Vize, and from Devizes where it was seen by Mr. Charles Oldham. Balea perversa (Linn.). 7. A shell under a fallen branch in Tottenham Park ; very local in the district, a solitary species that lives on the bark of trees. Clausilia laminata (Montagu). 7, 8. Widely distributed and rather common in woods around Great Bedwyn. Var. albina (Moq.), I have taken altogether about 116 specimens from the beeches in Rivar plantation of this pretty var. during rainy weather; on Ist July, 1920, I took 33 examples and on another day noticed 9 shells on a single beech trunk ; upon another occasion [ saw the type and var. albina pairing, and a dozen pale yellowish semi-transparent shells I possess are probably the result of such a union. Two specimens of var. albina occurred in Foxbury Wood. C. Fiolphia (Leach in Turton). 7,8. I noted 802 examples of this very rare Wiltshire shell in a hedgebank near Stype Wood ; a number of these came under var. curta (Jenner) teste J. W. Taylor which Mr. Taylor tells me is broadly identical with var. Jfortellete (Dumont) and with var. inflata (Pas- eal); Mr. Taylor writes :—“‘ The Clausilia Rolphi in the less ventricose form is more closely approximate to the type than the obese shape—the dimensions given by continental and British authorities average 12 xX 34 mills—the obese shape is the var. curta of Jenner, these are shorter and slightly more ventricose than the type”; about the abundant Azeca tridens with which the Clausilia Rolphii is associated in this locality, Mr. Taylor wrote :—'‘ These seem all to be the prevalent British form var. nouwletiana, the continental type is not common in this country.” Succinea putris var. albida (Mérch). 8. A specimen by the side of the Kennet and Avon Canal near Little Bedwyn ; Mr. Taylor wrote :—‘ The shell may be regarded as var. albzda though not so characteristic as it is usually found ; wheréver anatomically verified-S. elegans is always more slender than S. putris, which is usually much broader whorled.” Limnaea auricularia (Linn.). 7, 8. This large Limnaea with inflated body whorl is particularly abundant near Great Bedwyn in the Kennet and Avon Canal, on the surface of which dead shells may often be seen floating. L. pereger var. ovata (Drap.). 8. Plentiful on the muddy edges of a pool at the source of the Shalbourne ; Mr. Taylor wrote :—“ Broadly all are the By Cecil P.. Hurst. 149 more narrow and pointed spires approach var. acumznata.” Var. maritima (Jeffreys), 8. Plentiful in a dewpond on the downs near ‘idcombe; Mr. Swanton wrote :—‘ I should call it a minor form of the var. maritema but the numerous forms of this protean species are troublesome to diagnose with certainty.” JL stagnalis (Linn.), 7, 8. Swarming in the dewponds on the downs near Alton Barnes and varying much in size; a not very characteristic example of var. /abcuta (Jeffreys) with expanded outer lip was noticed ; in one of the dewponds the shells were all eroded along the growth lines due to living in soft water, indicating the very impervious nature of the clay lining of the pond. Physa fontinalis (linn). 17,8. Plentiful on soft mud at the source of the Shalbourne stream, near Shalbourne. Valvata piscinalis var. depressa (C. Pfeiffer). 8. A single specimen with a large number of the type among weed in a watercourse near Froxfield ; Mr. Taylor wrote :—‘ The Va/vata though perhaps not quite mature is var. depressa ; 1t somewhat resembles the new British species Valvata macrostoma but is much more narrowly umbilicated.” Pomatias elegans (Miiller). 7,8. Ashell of the var. ochroleucum (Des Moulins) occurred in a hedgebank in Brown’s Lane, Great Bedwyn; Mr. J. H. Adams in the Report of the Marlborough College Nat. Hust. Soc. for 1915 mentions there is a specimen in the College Museum collected by Woolner. In the same hedgebank I also found a few examples of the var. violaceum (Des Moulins) which were kindly named by Mr. Taylor, who tells me this var. is described as brown-violet without bands or other mark- ings and slightly transparent ; it appears to be unrecorded for Wiltshire. ADDENDA. Additional Great Bedwyn vars. recently (August, 1920) named by Mr. Taylor include the slugs Arzon intermedius var. normalis (Moq.) and var. plumbea (Collinge), both from Savernake Forest, and the shells Helix nemoralis var. undulata (Gentil.), and H. hortensts vars. depressa (Baudon), esabellona (Esmark), lutea-lurida (Swanton), one example, shell yellow blotched with lilac, and roseozonata (Cockerell), one specimen, a beautiful form with rose-coloured banding; these vars. appear to be new to Wiltshire. I found a shell of Helex hortensis var. avenicola with the rare formula 00005, but there were slight traces of other bands, especially towards the suture. A specimen of the common little species, Cochlicopa lubrica, not generally arboreal in its habits, was observed on a beech at Rivar ‘during rainy weather. : | Mr. Taylor referred three examples of the slug Zimaz cinereo-niger from Savernake Forest, “as far as they could be determined” to “ var. flavescens (Westl.) with the darker mantle of var. cinerea (Moq.)” ; in the Monograph, var. ovata, but they may be split up:somewhat, that is the three with the 6 150 | Hast Wiltshire Mollusca, var. flavescens is only recorded from Sweden and var. conerea from Galway, France, and Italy. Mr, Taylor writes :—“ Specimens are rarely exactly conformable to the descriptions, and a certain degree of latitude is necessary in nearly every instance. As it is probable that no two objects are exactly alike, it is not surprising that the individuals of so complexly organised a creature as a slug should show so many and various shades of difference.” With regard to naming the vars. of Helix hortensis, he wrote :—“ It is very difficult when the variation is not perfectly decided to satisfactorily decide the form to which they rightfully belong, thus we have few links between very distinct, many more between closely allied species, and still very many more between varieties, especially those varying in similar direction, as colour, shape, sculpture, etc. Limax maximus var. ferrusact sub.-var. punctata (Esmark). A character- istic specimen of this sub.-var. which has the body and shield sparsely dotted with black spots occurred under planks near Savernake Lodge, Savernake Forest, near which [ also found a very pretty example of Helix memoralis var. libellulo-rubella (Cockerell) which has the apex of the shell yellow and the body whorl pink, the specimen showed traces of the normal. five bands. ——— hh le lol THE EXCAVATION OF A LATE-ROMAN WELL AT CUNETIO (MILDENHALL). | By J. W. Brooke, F.S.A. Scot., F.R.N.S. During January, 1912, Alderman Robert Butler, C.C.. J.P., of Stitchcombe, Mildenhall, Marlborough, informed me that a hole had appeared in the * Black Field,’ near the galvanized cattle shelter, which was probablya Roman well, the site being that of the Roman Oppidum “Cunetio” Five of us commenced the re-opening of the well, on February 12th, 1912, and we continued the work for eleven days—and a twelfth was devoted to re-filling. From actual measurements the bore was 3ft. 1lin. and the depth reached was 67ft. lin. ; at this depth work had to be abandoned because the released springs rose some 2ft. Gin. I probed the bottom and it seemed solid and undisturbed. : The position of the well is approximately 12 chains east of Cock-a-troop Lane to Werg and 3 chains north of the narrow road under Upper Cunetio — known as Chopping Knife, which leads out of the London Road near the railway bridge and continues to Stitchcombe. The measurements are due north and east (as above) at the apex of aright angle. The field is No. 295 in the 25 inch Ordnance Survey. The objects discovered are of much interest—though fragmentary. They have a range of some one hundred and eight years as shown by the coins found, viz., from 267 to 375 A.D. The well may have been in use before .the former year, the stalagmitic incrustation noted suggesting antiquity. The pottery was of unusual variety and beauty, consisting of Samian ware, some with raised patterns, some enamelled Silchester and New Forest wares, and local red, yellow, and grey pottery, possibly from the kilns near The Column, in Savernake Forest. As, however, Mrs. Cunnington is printing notes on the most interesting fragments it is not necessary to describe them further here. Oyster shells and shells of Helix pomatia and the indigenous snails were plentiful. Animal and birds’ bones were in abundance, and appeared to be of the usual domestic class, ox, deer, sheep, pig, rabbit, &c. Several fragments of glass were obtained, some showed beautiful iridescence. The metal relics consisted of parts of fibulze, bronze styli, pins, portions of a chain similar to a modern watch chain, the bowl of a spoon, ingots of lead and copper, an iron socketed spud, small silver finger ring, and a variety of iron nails and remains of tools or implements. Evidences of building materials were very noticeable, in perforated roof and pan tiles, thin Roman building bricks, hypocaust tiles, and squared freestone. During the excavations, now and again, the buckets disgorged small masses of a brownish fibrous mass—they had the semblance of decayed wood, especially elm, but in one lump I found two clasp-like bits of iron; these, (152 The Excavation of a Late-Roman Well at Cunetio (Mildenhall). later, I identified at the British Museum as being sandal cleats, therefore the fibrous matter was most probably the decayed leather of sandals. I append a list of the Emperors whose coins were brought to light, and, in doing so, I would like to record the fact that sometimes coins were thrown into wells, not singly, but several were enclosed in some woven material, as a studied tribute or offering. Four bunches of coins were found corroded together, and in their drop the piles became out of alignment, which made them serrated. Two of the bunches were quinarii of Julian the“ Philosopher,” one bunch contained seven pieces and the other four. All the coins are of common type and legend, the mint letters and marks in the exergue assign them to the Byzantine capital as a whole.! Tetricus II. 267—273 A.D. 2 coins Ati 3 Licinius I. _ 807— 323 1s A; 3 Constantine I. 306—337 Luk oe ee Constantinoplis Dae 4 3 Constantine IT. 337— 351 LORS. A 3 Constans 337—350 A ZK 3 Constantius Gallus 351—354 - 1 Follis Julian IT. 360—363 13 coins AR Valentinian I. 364—375 Vier J 3 British ~ 3h PA Gaulish imitations Acie AR & 4 Undecipkerable Oe as AY 3 100 From the results of my investigations I am of opinion that the well was closed down just after the Cesership of Valentinian I., cerca 375 A.D., for his successor, ‘Theodosius, assumed the purple twenty years and was succeeded by Honorius as Emperor of the Western Empire. With Honorius, as evidenced by coins, Roman occupation ceased at Cunetio, and I think the well was levelled in by Britons. All the relics mentioned (excepting the coins) are in the Brooke Collection at Devizes Museum. = a ' A complete list of types and legends has been prepared should any enthusiast desire one.—J. W. B. CMA 6445, bib ep ¢ 153 NOTES ON THE POTTERY FROM A WELL ON THE SITE OF “CUNETIO” [MILDENHALL], NEAR MARLBOROUGH. By Mrs. M. E. CUNNINGTON. Included among the antiquities purchased from Mr. J. W. Brooke in 1916, and now in the Museum at Devizes, was a collection of fragments of pottery that had been found by Mr. Brooke ina well opened by him in 1912, on the Romano-British site known as “ Lower Cunetio,” in Black Field, Mildenhall, near Marlborough. The Rev. E. H. Goddard, who looked through the note in 1918, found - that there were 989 fragments, representing at least 217 vessels. From the fact ithat very few pieces could be fitted together, and in only one instance more than three pieces of one vessel, Mr. Goddard came to the conclusion that the well had been filled up from an already existing rubbish heap, and that nearly whole or broken vessels were not thrown direct into the well. Any collection of pottery found in such a situation that is likely to have been accumulated within a comparatively few years has a certain value for purposes of comparison, but the chief interest of this collection is that it includes an unusually large proportion of scarce and late types of ware. Among these are fragments of at least eight bowls of a fine red colour- coated ware ornamented with series of rosettes or demi-rosette-like figures stamped on the vessels before baking. There are also fragments of at least ten bowls of the same ware ornamented with scroll patterns in white slip painting, and of at least twenty with roulette notching or “engine turned ” ornament. It used to be thought that the pottery with rosette-stamped ornament was all imported, but it is now known that this type of ware was made in kilns at Ashley Rails, in the New Forest, and at Sandford, near Oxford.! Fragments of this stamped ware have been found on many -Romano-British sites, but always so sparingly that it seems it could never have been made here, or imported, in great abundance. There are, for example, some thousands of sherds of pottery in the Society’s Museum at Devizes, but except that from the well only two fragments of the rosette stamped variety. Only twenty-two pieces are cited among the mass of pottery found at Silchester and now at Reading. In the British Museum “ Catalogue of Roman Pottery” (1908) only sixteen fragments are listed. Even at Ashley Rails, where it was made, there seems to have been no great accumulation.* 1 A Descriptive Account of the Roman Pottery made at Ashley Rails, New Forest. Heywood Sumner, 1919. Nothing has as yet been published on the finds at Sandford. 4 Single fragments of rosette-stamped ware have been found also on the Romano-British site at Mother Antony’s Well, near Devizes, under the steyning stones of a filled-in well near All Cannings, and a piece in Mr. Passmore’s Collection, at Swindon, from a filled-in well at Aldbourne. VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXIII, M 154 Notes on the Pottery from a Well on the site of “ Cunetio.” The red coated ware from the well is very like that from Ashley Rails as to the form of the bowls and decoration, but the material seems to differ, so itis not likely to have been made there. The ware is of a fine quality, of a bright red colour, grey where imperfectly burnt ; it contains a quantity of a fine micaceous sand and occasional black specks; the surface is smooth and bright, but does not appear to have been glazed. Apparently the vessels were dried to pe condition known as “‘ biscuit,” then covered with a very fine coating or ‘ “engobe” of the same kind of clay and then fired in the usual way. On some pieces this coating is of ia very eppiedalic thickness and apt to shale off. As this red coated ware from the well seems to be all made of the same kind of clay it probably all came from the same kilns, or at least the same centre of production, and the three methods of ornamentation seem to have been in use simultaneously. This is supported by evidence from Ashley Rails, where stamped, roulette notched, and painted scroll patterns were found on the site of the kilns, although the evidence pointed to the kilns not having been in use for any great length of time. Pottery with the rosette-stamped ornament has been generally referred to the 5th century A.D. on evidence apparently derived from the Continent, but from the later though still scanty evidence as yet forthcoming from British sites it seems probable that it was in use ae at least as early as about the middle of the 4th century. From the evidence of the coins from the “ Cunetio” well it seems that the well must have been filled up about the year 375 A.D. ; thirty- geven coins of Valentinian I. (364 to 375) were found, but not one of Gratian or any later Emperor: and as second and third brass of Gratian are usually plentiful it seems improbable that the well was open long-after this date. At Ashley Rails, where it is now known that this type of pottery was made, very few coins were found, the latest being Constantine the Great (306 to 337). It is believed that the New Forest potteries as a whole were worked during the latter part of the Roman occupation, but not beyond it, that is to say, not after about the end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century.2. A single fragment of this ware found at Hengistbury Head is attributed to the 4th century; but the conditions of the site do not seem to have lent themselves to any great exactitude of record. (Hengistbury Report, p. 27, Site 36.) General Pitt- Rivers records having found one piece of pottery with rosette ornament in Bokerley Dyke and three in the adjoining settlement of Woodyates; the latest coins were of Arcadius and Honorius. None of this ornament was found at Woodcuts or Rotherley, where the coins ended with Magnentius and Tetricus. The relics found in the dyke were derived from the older settlement of Woodyates, which seems to have come to an 1 For further details of method see “ The Pottery Found at Silchester.” Thos. May, 1916. The admixture of charcoal was perhaps a matter of tradition in British pottery making; it is often very noticeable in cooking pots of the “ bead rim” type, and in Bronze Age pottery. 2“ Pottery Found at Silchester,” p. 133. _—_— en oe By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 155. end before the dyke was made. All the objects found in the settlement were Romano-British, and it is doubtful if it continued to be inhabited much after the end of the 4th or early 5th century." There is in the Colchester Museum (Joslin Coll. Grave Group No. 75) a small bowl of red ware with stamped ornament of demi-rosettes very similar to fig. 2, pl. IJ. It was found with two single-handled jugs of a type that has been dated to the end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century, with the conical bung-shaped foot similar to those from the well (figs. 4—5, pl. IV.). The fourth vessel of the group is a small bulbous beaker probably of 4th century date. Mr. A. G. Wright, of the Colchester Museum, who has kindly given a description of the vessels states that this beaker resembles type 86, pl. LII., of the Silchester pottery referred to the end of the third century, but that the Colchester beaker is of rather later type on account of its smaller straighter foot. Itresembles fig. 6, pl. I. The two jugs are decorated in white slip, the pattern on one being nearly identical with that OL gn pl, LET: A number of fragments of the red coated ware were found in excavations on the Roman site at Pevensey in 1906—8, the vessels found of this ware seem to closely resemble those from the well and are ornamented in the ~ same style, both with stamped rosettes and painting in white slip. Altogether a very large quantity of pottery was found including some of the 4th century “ Marne” ware. The coins found ranged from Gallienus (254) to.Gratian (375).? Thus it seems that, while it is not proved on the evidence as yet available, there is at least considerable reason for suspecting that this ware was in use in Britain during the last half of the 4th century ; if this conjecture is eventually confirmed our British wares cannot have been imitated from the Continental examples of 5th century date. M. Déchelette speaks of the Continental stamped ware with which the British stamped wares have been compared, as belonging rather to the Merovingian than to the Roman period although some was made in Gaul before the fall of the Empire. After re- viewing the evidence in detail M. Déchelette sums up by saying “ I] résulte de ensemble de ces faits que la poterie de la Gaule a décor estampé peut étre attribuée au V siécle.” It is a remarkable fact that all the Continental finds of this particular stamped ware recorded by M. Déchelette, and in comparison with which our British finds seem to have been dated, are in the south far away from any parts near Britain, namely, Bordeaux, Narbonne, the Auvergne, Mar- seilles, Poitiers, Provence, and at Yverdon (Vaud), in Switzerland. M. Déchelette makes a special point that the area of distribution of “ces curieuses poteries estampées” coincides with that of the Gothic territory, all the finds having been made where Gothic influence was predominant, as 1“ Hacavations,” Il., pp. 14. 64, 152, 119, fig. II. : p. 142, fig. 9; p. 149; figs. 7 and 8. 2“ Sussex Arch. Coll.”, vol. LI. and LII. 156 Notes on the Pottery from a Well on the site of “ Cwnetio.” at Bordeaux, Poitiers, Toulouse, Narbonne, etc., and that a vain search had been made for it in Frankish or Burgundian regions.! While the various continental finds all bear a strong resemblance to each other and form apparently a distinctive and characteristic group, no piece showing these distinctive characteristics seems ever to have been found in Britain. While some of the rosette-like ornamentation bears a considerable resemblance to that found in Britain, the group as a whole as compared with the British group as a whole seems very unlike. The majority of that found on the continent is black, rarely red, and the black glaze is spoken of as having been laid on with a brush, whereas the British examples are nearly all red or reddish, and do not as a rule seem to have been treated with a brush. All, or nearly all, the vessels found in Britain seem to have been bowls of various types while on the continent flat open dishes seem to occur frequently. M. Déchelette states that while the group of pottery is much alike with regard to technique and ornamenta- tion generally, it can nevertheless be divided into two distinct series, one symbolic bearing Christian symbols and made for religious or sepulchral use, the other non-symbolic for domestic use. ‘The ornamentation on both series seems altogether much more elaborate and varied than that on British examples ; it includes figures of animals, human heads, arcading, medallions, various leaves, and personal names. With the possible ex- ceptions of a fragment found at Silchester, bearing a rude figure of a cross and dots within a circle, and a cross ornament on a sherd from Ashley Rails, symbolism is apparently unknown on British examples. Thus both as to date, area of distribution, and detail of form and orna- mentation, it is difficult to see how the British ware could have been derived from this particular group of southern Gaulish pottery described by M. Déchelette, as seems to have been generally assumed. May not the British group rather have been derived independently and directly from imported Samian ware, the forms of the bowls is certainly taken from these models and it seems that the rosette may well have been copied from the same originals. It has been already suggested that the ‘‘ multiple arch ” design that occurs on some of the pieces from Ashley Rails is derived from the egg and tassel ornament so often seen on Samian bowls (“‘ Ashley Razls,”’ p. 21). The rosette or star-like ornament also appears on many of these bowls, and even the figure of a cross within a circle is not unknown.? 1M. Déchelette perhaps overlooked a small bowl with rosette-stamped ornament found at Etaples, illustrated by C. Roach Smith in “ Collectanea Antiqua,” vol L., pt. IV., fig. I., and quoted by Heywood Sumner in “‘ Ashley Raals,” p. 19. 2 See “ Catalogue of Roman Pottery in the British Museum,” M1009, 1015, 1031, 1178, 1274, 1351, 1441, and many others; for cross and circle see M2548, fig. 250. For M. Dechelette’s account of the continental stamped ware see “Les Vases Ornés de la Gaule Romaine,” vol. IL., p. 327. From evidence derived from his excavations at Ashley Rails Mr. Heywood Sumner has already suggested that the dating of the British rosette stamped ware might need revision. Ashley Razls, p. 16. PLATE | g 99000 cody FROM A WELL ON THE ROMANO-BRITISH SITE AT PotTTERY 1 2 2 sy, ‘¢ CUNETIO ( MILDENHALL PLATE II. Cw PotTTERY FROM A WELL ON THE RomANOo-BrITISH SITE 1 MILDENHALL (‘‘CUNETIO”’). 3 AT » . Seder PLATE III. E RoMANO-BrITISH SITE AT H T POTTERY FROM A WELL ON au 2 MILDENHALL (‘ CUNETIO”’). ee PotrERY FROM A WELL ON THE ROMANO-BRITISH SITE MILDENHALL (‘‘ CUNETIO”’). $ AT By Mrs. M, E. Cunnington. 7 157 PLATE T. I.—Pieces of five or six bowls of this type (standard Form 38, nearly) of red coated ware were found: In two cases the overhanging rims were ornamented with scroll patterns in white slip ; the pattern on one of these is shown on fig. 7; on the other rim the pattern was too indistinct to be made out. One bowl of this type with pattern in white slip on the over- hanging rim, as shown in this figure, is of very hard grey ware (it gives a ringing sound when struck) with a purplish brown metallic coating. New Forest ware ?. 2.—One piece of a bowl of this type of red coated ware (standard Form 45 nearly) was found ; on the upright rim it has a pattern in white slip, as shown. 3,.—The majority of the red coated ware, however ornamented, is of this type of bow! (approximating to standard Form 29), with a sharp keel or angle round the body. 4.—Two or three pieces of red coated ware seem to have belonged to bowls of this type. (Approximating to standard Form 67.) 5.— Fragments of three or four beakers of this type were found, all ap- parently of New Forest ware, but none of red coated ware. One beaker of hard grey ware with purplish coating has white slip ornament, as shown in the illustration. 6.—Two or three beakers of pinkish ware brown-coated, of this type occurred. New Forest ware ? : 7.—See fig. 1. ; 8—l1.—kRim sections of mortaria. Fragments of at least ten mortaria were found. PLATE II. 1.—Fragment of bowl. Roulette notching below rim ; round shoulder a raised band or cordon with series of quarter rosettes, below this demi- rosettes.stamped across two raised bands ; apparently the same stamp was used to get the quarter and demi-rosettes, and as it was not held with sufficient care every now and then the demi rosette appears instead of the quarter rosette on the upper band, the lower half of the stamp encroaching on the plain surface. Rim diam. about 6in. Form nearly that of fig. 4 PLL. 2 —Fragment of small bowl with stamped demi-rosettes, ware thin with the impression of the stamping showing on the inside ; moulded rim. Rim diam. about 6in. Form nearly as fig. 3, Pl. I. 3.—Fragment of small bowl with stamped demi-rosettes, ware thin. showing impression of: the stamps on the inside. Rim diam. about 44in. Form nearly as fig. 3, Pl. I. 4,.—Fragment of araall bow] with fine roulette notching. Form nearly that of fig. 3, Pl. 1. ' 5, 6. 7. 8—Fragments of bowls with stamped rosettes and demi- rosettes. ~ All these are of red coated ware with the exception of fig. 6, which is of pinkish ware with a pale brown coating, probably New Forest ware. 158 Notes on the Pottery from a Well on the site of “ Cunetio,” : PLATE III. Figs. 1 to 8 are of red coated ware. 1—Fragment of bowl with scroll pattern in white slip and roulette notching below rim and angle of body. Rim diam. about 5in. Form ap- proximately as fig. 3, Pl. I. ?.—Similar bowl without roulette notching. 3. 4. 5. 6—Fragments of similar bowls. -7,—Piece of a bowl ornamented with large dots in white slip and a raised ‘moulding an inch below the rim. Facets on the moulding and rim have been ground down flat and smooth. Rim diam. about 7in. Form perhaps nearly that of fig. 3, Pl. I., but the upper part from angle to rim is deeper than in the other examples. 8.—Piece of a small bowl with stamped circles. Rim diam. about 4in. Form nearly as fig. 3. Pl. 1. 9.—Fragment of a vessel with stamped ornament of pinkish ware with light brown coating. Perhaps part of a beaker approximating to fig. 5, Pl. 1. New Forest. ware. For similar pattern see ‘‘ Ashley Rails,” Pl. V.. 4. 10.—Piece of a bowl of “ Marne” ware ornamented with sunken squares. Apparently of the standard Form 37. This is the only piece of this kind of ware from the site. It is harder, better baked, and of a rather more orange tinge than the red coated wares. Marne ware is described as a poor and late kind of Samian (terra sigillata) made in Gallia Belgica (the Marne district of northern France, from whence it derives its name) in the 4th contury A.D. It seems to be rarely found in Britain. There are several bowls of this ware in the Morel Collection in the British Museum from the Marne district, one with the sunken square pattern similar to our fragment (Cat. of Roman Pottery, M180, p. 80) ; only three fragments in the British Museum are catalogued (1908) as having been found in Britain, one of these also has the sunken square ornament. (M2461, p, 395). Fragments havealso been found at Silchester and Pevensey. See Pottery found at Silchester, p. 99, Sussex Arch. Soc. Coll. LII., p. 92. - and for a general description Les Vases ornes de la Gaule Romaine, vol. II., p. 325. PLATE IV. 1.—Part of a large pitcher of grey ware with lines drawn with a blunt point on the soft clay radiating from the neck down over the shoulder. Diam. of rim 34in. | 2.—Piece of thick grey ware with combed lines. 3.—Rim fragment of vessel (a jar?) of black ware with combed lines on unpolished surface, contrasting with highly polished zones. 4. 5.—Two bases of beakers, characteristic of late 4th or early 5th century date, of pinkish ware, brown coated. New Forest ware ? 6.—Fragment of cooking pot? of coarse grey gritted ware. This is an uncommon type in Wilts and only two pieces were found in the well. It has been described as a typical 4th century domestic ware in the ~ northern part of the British Province; a similar ware has been found at Wroxeter. See “The Roman Fort at Huntcliffe, near Saltburne,” in Journal of Roman Studies, vol. II., Pt. 2, p. 228. By Mrs. M. L. Cunnington. 159 7.—Handle of grey ware. 8.—Piece of large bowl of red coated ware with moulded rim and roulette notching. Form apparently nearly that of fig. 3, Pl. I. OTHER WARES. SAMIAN WARE. Eleven fragments of what may be true Samian (terra sigillata) were found; they are all very small and characterless except one small rim piece with egg and tassel ornament ; included are pieces of two bases, one has been in a fire and discoloured to a chocolate brown. It would seem that this Samian must be rather earlier in date than the bulk of the other pottery from the well. New Forest WaRkE. Pieces of at least three of the characteristic “ thumb pots” of grey ware (clay yellowish where imperfectly burnt), coated with dull purplish wash. Pieces of several beakers (see Pl. I.. 5, 6), some with slight roulette notchings. Bragment of pinkish ware, with brown coating, with “ imbricated” ** scale” ornament. One fragment of grey ware, brown coated, with tips of two leaves “en barbotine.” See also Pl. II., 6 and note. CoaRsE PoTTERY. Itis difficult to say much about the coarse ware as it is all too fragmentary to determine the forms of the vessels except roughly and from analogy, but the following well-known types are recognisable :— Shallow basins with flanged rims (about ten in number), of grey to black fumed ware, one or two with “scribble” pattern. Pl. I., 9—11. Shallow bowls with simple upright rims ; porhope five in snes Grey to black ware, as above. One hese of a large cover of grey ware. Fragments of various jars (ollae) of ‘‘ Upchurch” type ; with overhanging rims and some scored trellis pattern round body, generally of grey to black fumed ware, a few of pale brown ware; all too fragmentary to determine the forms with any exactitude. Some pieces of very thick heavy coarse pottery with{clumsy beaded rims, apparently parts of large storage vessels. 160 THE SIXTY-SEVENTH GENERAL MEETING OF THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAZOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, HELD AT DEVIZES, IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ROYAL ARCHAOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, July 20th to 24th, 1920. President of the Royal Archeological Institute :— Siz Henry. H. Howortn, K.C.LE., D.C.L., F.R.S., F.S.A. President of the Wiltshire Society :— W. Hewarp BE tL, Esq., F.G.S., F.S.A. TUESDAY, JULY 20Tu. The proceedings of the Meeting’ began at Salisbury, where the motor char-a-bancs from Devizes, conveying the Wiltshire Members, met the Members of the Institute arriving by train from London at 10.15 a.m., and at once left for Old Sarum, where Mr. J. J. Hammond, the Secretary of the Local Committee for the Excavations, conducted the party round the site, showed them everything, and explained it all admirably. Leaving Old Sarum at 12.30 the cars took the party to Amesbury, where they lunched at the George Hotel, leaving for Stonehenge at 2 pm. At 2.30 the party was taken in charge by Colonel W. Hawley, F.S.A., who had been in resi- residence on the spot for some months superintending the excavations on behalf of the Society of Antiquaries, whilst the great work of jacking and pulling the great uprights of the outer circle back to their original — positions, and concreting their bases, has been carried on by the Board of Works. At the date of the visit two of the uprights had alreadybeen dealtwith and their impost replaced, the turf had been re-laid round their bases, and there was nothing whatever to show that they rested now secure as they never were before, ina solid base of concrete, whilst four other uprights were bound up in their cradles of timber, and their imposts, also in cradles of timber, had been lifted off and were lying on the ground. The slaughter stone was fully exposed, and round the circumference, just inside the earthen bank, was the circle of basin-shaped holes which, since Aubrey drew his map in 1666, nobody had dreamed of, until Mr. R. 8S. Newall most happily conceived the idea of putting Aubrey’s suggestion to the test, with the result that the holes have been found and partly excavated. Col. Hawley, in his address,” said that he believed the work of making the tenons on the me a he Oe ee 1 The best and fullest description of the Meeting is given in The Wiltshire Gazette, July 22nd, 29th, Aug. 5th, 12th, and 19th, 1920. ? Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, July 22nd, 1920. The Sixty-Seventh General Meeting. 161 uprights was done after the erection of the stones. He suggested it as possible that the blue stone lintel now lying on the ground points to the fact that. there were two more blue stone uprights at the ends of the inner horseshoe, with lintels forming a Trilithon on each side. This would give seventeen blue stone uprights of the inner horseshoe, which, added to the forty-three of the inner circle, would make sixty in all, a point which might have some bearing on the number of the holes recently discovered inside the earth circle, which he thought would be found to number sixty when they were al] excavated. As to the objects found in the excavations in the layer of rubble just below the surface soil, a very few fragments of Bronze Age pottery, and some of the Roinan period, with a coin or two, and a few other objects of that time are mixed up together with modern crockery and glass, indeed Georgian coins have been found as low as the packing of the stones, having slipped down the sides of the uprights. ‘‘ There is nothing to give one a clue to a date so far as we have progressed.” Still the chips of the blue stones are mostly found a foot deeper than the mixture of ° Roman and modern objects, whilst at the lower levels chips of sarsen only (with rare exceptions) occur. This seems to prove that the blue stones were dressed and set up after the sarsens were erected. He thought that the builders of Stonehenge, whoever they were, possessed more culture than they had been generally credited with. He suggested that they were a Mediteranean people possibly. As to the holes newly discovered, they are all in the same radius line, and 16ft. or 17ft. apart. ‘‘ From their ap- pearance there is little doubt that they once contained stones which have afterwards. been extracted ; the process causing a crushing down of the edge of most of the cavities and invariably the edge towards the centre. On the opposite side to the crushed edge a small portion of the chalk packing of the stone remained clinging to the side, which the rain has since washed away. In one instance a flint fabricator was found in this soft chalk, showing that it was there at a time when neatly fashioned implements were being made, and well within the Neolithic period. In two holes a portion of the excavated chalk had been returned to bring the stone to the required height, and this chalk was very hardly compressed as if from a great weight standing upon it. Nearly all the holes contained cremated human remains placed there when the holes were filled up with loose soil.” Tn one hole half-way down the returned soil a mass of white flint chips was - found, several of which could be fitted together. These chips were therefore of the same date as the holes, ? Neolithic. ‘Twenty-three of these holes had been opened and fifty-six had been located, “and there are four others, I think, close to, but not in, the circle, making sixty in all.” He suggested that it was possible that the blue stones, in an unworked condition, stood in these holes and formed the original Stonehenge, and that at a later period, when the great sarsens were erected, they were taken up, dressed on the spot, and re-erected as the inner circle and horseshoe of the existing Stonehenge. As to the Slaughter Stone, “ We found a large hole close to it on the west, which has the appearance of having once contained that stone, and I think it doubtless did, for I cannot account for its presence there otherwise. We found only two deer-horn picks in it, and a slab of stone which might have been part of a large packing block.. Why the stone was 162 Lhe Siaty-Seventh General Meeting. taken out and why buried in a long pit cut in solid chalk I cannot say. It was done at a period later than the small stone pits, as those who dug the pit for the stone cut away a portion of one of the ‘ Aubrey’s holes,’ ” In the subsequent discussion Sir William Boyd Dawkins, speaking with authority as a géologist, dismissed the idea that the blue stones could possibly be drift boulders brought to the Plain by ice action. There is clear geological proof that there was no part of Southern England under ice in the Glacial Period south of a line drawn between Bristol and London, so that obviously these stones were not carried to the om in that WA: They were carried by man. Leaving Stonehenge at 3.30 the party scanned to West Lavington, where on the lawn of the Old Manor House Mrs. Holloway entertained them most kindly at tea. Leaving Lavington at 5.30, Devizes was reached at 6 o’clock, and the day’s proceedings ended, eighty-nine members having been present. WEDNESDAY, JULY 2isr. Starting from the Market Place at 9.30 the party, numbering ninety-two, arrived at Bishops Cannings Church at 9.50. Here the Rev. HE. H. Goddard described the Church, calling attention to the particular points of interest. The ‘“‘ Monk’s Chair,” or “ Carrel” was carefully examined, but no one present was able to throw any new light on what it really is. Mr. Aymer Vallance said he knew of nothing like it, but that from the decoration of the framework he thought the whole chair was probably Post Reformation, say of the time of Hen. VIII. The President, Sir Henry Howorth, also expressed the opinion that the whole feeling of the inscription pointed toa Post- rather than a Pre-Reformation origin, and this appeared to be the general opinion of the visitors. Mr. Aymer Vallance pointed out that above the chancel arch are holes, which he believed were for the chains supporting the Great Rood. It was noticed that the original painting at the apex of the groining of the Chancel Roof has recently been renewed, according to the old design. Leaving at 10.30 a quarter of an hour’s run brought the party to Shepherd’s Shore, where they got out to examine the Wansdyke. Mr. W. Heward Bell spoke on the defensive purpose of the dyke and its Post-Roman age, as revealed by General Pitt Rivers’ excavations. Sir William Boyd Dawkins also regarded it as in the first place a defensive - line, and afterwards a territorial boundary. Sir Henry Howorth also spoke, suggesting, however, that the defence was not, as has usually been assumed, against an enemy coming from the east and north, but against an enemy coming from the west and south, and that the enemy were Irish invaders advancing from the Bristol Channel. Sir Will. Boyd Dawkins replied that though there were certainly coastal raids and piratical attacks by Irish marauders, he knew of no evidence whatever of any regular Irish invasion of Britain in the times succeeding the Roman dominion. On arrival at Avebury at 12 o’clock the programme was slightly varied, the party pro- ceeding direct to the Manor House, where they were received most kindly by Col. and Mrs. Jenner, Col. Jenner taking the visitors over the house in relays whilst the remainder were sliown the beautiful garden | The Srxty-Seventh General Meeting. 163 lately designed and laid out by Mrs. Jenner. The house itself is full of fine old furniture, and is adorned with an extraordinary wealth of remarkable needlework—the greater part of it the work of Mrs. Jenner herself. After leaving the house the members proceeded to the Church, where Mr. Goddard pointed out the features of the building, and was followed by the Rev. A. D. Hill, who spoke on Saxon Churches in general, and Mr. Aymer Valance, who, taking the existing Rood Loft as his text, spoke on the uses of the Rood Loft in parish Churches. Attention was also drawn to the passage from the N. aisle to the chancel, found in this neighbourhood at Bremhill, Hilmarton, and Great Somerford, but distinctly uncommon elsewhere. No one, however, had any reasonable explanation of its object to suggest. On coming out of the Church the unpleasant discovery was made that rain was falling steadily, and the party made hastily for the great barn, which with the farm to which it belongs, including the “Southern Temple” and the Ditch, had quite recently been sold by Col. Jenner to Mr. J. Peak Garland, by whose very kind permission luncheon had been laid out within it. It has no architecture on the outside to vie with Bradford, or the other great stone barns of Wiltshire, but its great size and and massive timber framework and roof give it rank amongst the notable barns of the county. After luncheon, as the rain continued, Mr. Goddard said what was necessary as to the circles, the earthworks, and the avenues, whilst the company were still under the shelter of the barn, and Mrs. Cunnington dwelt on the fact.that the Bronze Age or Late Neolithic in- terment found at the foot of the stone of Longstone Cove at Beckhampton, which was re-erected in 1812, must have been placed there after the stone was erected. It could not have been in the ground before. This goes to prove that, in the case of this stone at least, and presumably of others, the date of erection was in the Early Bronze Age. Sir William Boyd Dawkins added that this was in favour of a Bronze Age date for Stonehenge, and he would be very cautious in accepting a Neolithic date given for Avebury, even though flint implements had been found on the floor of the ditch. Flint implements continued to be used well on into the Bronze Age. Sir Henry Howorth discussed the derivation of ‘‘Sarsen” and supported the “Saracen ” etymology, arguing that both in France and England “ Saracen” was used to designate anything barbarous or rude. Mr. Goddard said that he had just heard that the committee of the British Association were unlikely to complete the excavation of the great section of the ditch next the causeway beside the Kennet Road, which is still open and fenced in, owing to the greatly increased cost of labour. The rain having now ceased for a time the members mounted the vallum at the Kennet entrance and walked round it to the Swindon Road, proceeding thence to the “Cove” of the northern circle. Here Mr. A. D. Passmore, of Swindon, called attention to the shape and surface of one of the two great standing stones, contending that it shows distinct signs of having been shaped to a rectangular edge, whilst the surface of the side nearest the cottages showed a brown crust at the base, but above this seemed to have been dressed like the Stonehenge sarsens. Mr. Heward Bell and others who examined the stone, without expressing a decided opinion, thought that there was something in the shape and condition of the stone, differing as it does from any other now visible at Avebury, to support 164 The Sixty-Seventh General Meeting. Mr. Passmore’s contention. Leaving Avebury by the Kennet entrance the remaining stones of the Avenue were inspected, and the party then went on to Silbury Hill, where Mrs. Cunnington described the negative results of the two attempts at excavation of the hill itself, and the somewhat more fruitful diggings of Mr. A. C. Pass, in 1886, round the base of the mound, showing that originally it must have been surrounded by a deep moat (now filled up by 21ft. of silt in places) on all sides but that now occupied by the road. The theory put forward by Sir Will. St. John Hope in 1913 that it is really the motte of an early Norman Castle found no support, Sir Henry Howorth remarking that there is not a scrap of documentary evidence as to the existence of such an important stronghold as this must have been. He could only compare it with the three great mounds of Uppsala; the only thing that could be said about it is that-it is prior tothe Roman Age. The Rev. F. G. Walker suggested that the fact that the excavation made by the Archeological Institute in 1849, the tunnel of which is now open again, was carried along the original surface line, and not below it when it reached the centre, did not prove that there was no central burial, which might have been several feet below the surface, an argument met by Mrs. Cunnington with the statement that it is impossible to suppose that the excavators could have been mistaken in concluding that the original ground at the centre had never been disturbed. .In digging in chalk the distinction between moved and unmoved ground was easy. The cars then returned to Devizes and the annual dinner was held at the Bear Hotel, at 7 p.m., at which a large company were present, when the President of the Wiltshire Society, Mr. W. Heward Bell, took the opportunity of expressing the great debt: of gratitude which the Society owes to Mrs. Cunnington for the work that she has done for many years. After dinner at the Town Hall the Mayor (Alderman H. ‘laplin) and members of the Corporation in their robes, preceded by the mace, formally welcomed the members. Sir William Boyd Dawkins then gave an address on ‘‘The Prehistoric Inhabitants of Wiltshire,” dealing with the successive waves of population from Paleolithic to Roman times. During the evening coffee was very kindly provided by the Mayor and Mayoress. THURSDAY, JULY 22np. The motor cars again left Devizes at 9.30, arriving at South Wraxall Manor at 10.30, where they were received by Major EK. Richardson Cox and Mrs. Richardson Cox, who most kindly threw the house open unreservedly to the party, after Mr. W. Heward Bell had given some account of its history. Apart from the great interest of the house itself, there is within it a multi- tude of good things in the way of furniture, notably a very remarkable long oak table in the centre of the hall, with carved ornament painted on Gesso, apparently of the age of Henry VIIL., recently acquired from a mansion in Wales. The hour spent here was none too long a time to see all there is to see, but the programme times throughout the meeting were rigidly adhered to under the generalship of Capt. Cunnington, and at 11.45 the party were assembled at the Saxon Church at Bradford-on-Avon, where Mr. Goddard said a few words as to the history and certain features The Siaty-Seventh General Meeting. 165 of the building, and then yielded place to the Rev. H. Du Boulay Hill, who spoke as to the age of the building, agreeing with the now generally re- ceived opinion that it is not the original work of Aldhelm, of the 7th century, but rather a rebuilding of the latter half of the 10th century, pre- serving the Porticus form because it was on the site of Aldhelm’s earlier Church. Sir Henry Howorth followed, agreeing with the date put forward by Mr. Hill, and discoursing on the character of Aldhelm and his writings. There was only time after this for a very hurried visit to the Parish Church, over the way, before a move was made to the Swan Hotel for luncheon at 12.45. The next point was the Tithe Barn, which was thrown open to the members by the Wilts Arch. Soc. without payment, but Mr. Goddard, who again gave a short account of the building, mentioned that the Society hoped some day to fully repair the two end bays, which are still propped up, and that if anyone felt disposed to make a small gift towards this purpose the Society would gratefully accept it. He then deposited his cap as a receptacle for offerings, and in five minutes the substantial sum of £8 was contributed, a very welcome addition to the small balance on the ‘‘ Barn Fund.” ‘The same course had been already pursued at the Saxon Church, which had been thrown open by the Trustees, but a plate for possible gifts was placed in a prominent position and £2 3s. was thus added to the fund fér the upkeep of the building. On leaving the barn the motor cars, now numbering nineteen private cars and three char-a-bancs, conveying one hundred and ten persons, proceeded to West- wood Manor, where the owner, ‘Mr. E. G. Lister, who has recently completed the “restoration” (using the word in its most conservative sense) of this beautiful old house, with meticulous care and taste, read a paper on its history and the iprinciples upon which the work of repair had been carried out. Here again the furniture was only less interesting than the house itself. The only drawback was that the large number of the party made it difficult for everyone to get into and out of some of the smaller rooms in the time allotted by the programme, especially as the whole » house was most generously thrown open. In consequence the interesting Church, close by, which, however, was not on the programme, could only be hurriedly glanced at, whilst the Secretary’s whistle was blowing violently. The rescue of this, one of the most interesting houses in the county, from its condition of a farm house greatly in need of repair, and its loving treat- ment without alteration or the modern additions which have practically spoiled so many old houses, lays, as the President remarked, the County of Wilts under a debt of gratitude to Mr. Lister. Returning to Bradford for’ tea, the cars reachéd Great Chalfield Manor at 4.45, where Major Robert Fuller gave an excellent account of the history of the house and the Church, after which the members wandered over the whole house at their will until 5.30, when they left for Devizes, arriving there at 6 p.m. The Annual General Meetings of the two Societies-were held at 8 o'clock in different rooms at the Town Hall. In order to save time the Annual Report of our own Society, which had been already printed and distributed amongst the members, was taken as read, and only the necessary formal business of the Annual Meeting was gone through. The very 166 The Siaty-Seventh General Meeting. satisfactory number of twenty-two new imembers were elected, and the officers of the Society were re-elected en bloc, with the addition of Mr. Wm. Hopkins, of Lloyd’s Bank, Devizes, as Hon. Auditor in place of Mr. Toone, and the Rev. H. E. Ketchley as Local Secretary for the Corsham district. On the conclusion of the business meetings Mr. O. G. 8S. Crawford gave an address on ‘‘ The Roman Roads of Wiltshire.” : THE ANNUAL REPORT for 1919—20, presented on Thursday, July 22nd, 1920. — Members.—The total number of members on the Society’s list on July 22nd, including those to be elected at the meeting, is 353 (340 annual and 13 life members), aS against 318 in 1919 (321 in 1918, 313 in 1917), a net increase of 35 members in the year, 60 new members having been elected, as against a loss of 25 by death and resignation. This is a most satisfactory step towards replacing the Society on its pre-war basis, but the committee would impress upon all members the urgent necessity of gaining at least 50 more recruits if, with the greatly increased cost of printing, the J/agazne as well as the other work of the Society is to be kept up to its proper standard. Finance.—The accounts published in the June Magazine just issued show a, balance on the General Fund of £34 0s. 2d. on December 31st, 1919, a decrease of the £18 12s. on the year; the Museum Maintenance Fund a balance of £34 8s. 9d., an increase of £17 5s. 5d. ; the Museum Enlargement Fund a total of £41 Os. 4d., an increase of £13; the Life Membership Fund a balance of £45 12s. 3d.,a decrease of £3 18s. 4d. ; and the Purchase Fund of the Museum a balance of £91 9s., the same amount asin 1918. The Bradford Barn account shows a balance of £17 7s. 8d., an increase of £5 10s. 4d. Taking the whole of the accounts together the balance on December 31st, 1919, amounted to £266 17s. 5d., against £257 11s. 8d. for the previous year. On the whole this is fairly satisfactory, but it should be remembered that heavy expenses have been since incurred, both in the printing of the Magazine and in the repair of the Museum premises, which will affect the accounts of the current year. ~ The Magazine.—Two numbers have been issued as usual during the past year ; that for December, 1919, containing a very full index to the contents of the five numbers comprised in vol. xl. In consequence of the enormous advance in the cost of printing, the committee has been obliged to curtail — expense in such matters as the provision of authors’ copies of the papers and in the number of copies of the J/agazine printed, which will in future be only 50 in addition to the number of members of the Society. In this connection members’ attention 1s drawn to the announcement on the back of the cover of the June, 1920, Magazine, that “ until the end of the year” they will be able to purchase all back numbers of the Magazine (with a few exceptions) at 1s. 6d. each instead of the usual price (to members) of 4s. 2d. This opportunity will not recur again. : The Museum.—Very necessary but somewhat expensive works of repair have been carried out at the back of the Museum and have proved a heavy burden on the Museum Maintenance Fund, which is badly in need of fresh The Sixty-Seventh General Meeting. 167 - subscribers. It is impossible to keep the Museum going without sufficient funds. Will not many of those members who do not at present subscribe to the Maintenance Fund send an annual subscription of 5s. or upwards for this purpose? Of gifts during the year the most important perhaps is a large series of finely worked flints from Shepherd’s Shore, presented by Captain and Mrs. Cunnington, who have returned to their work at the Museum after their long absence during the war. The Library.—A considerable number of items have been added to the Library during the year. Perhaps the most important single gift was the large consignment of old deeds connected with the parish of Berwick St. James, which were handed over to the Society through the good offices of Mr. Arthur Whitehead, of Salisbury. These are now in the hands of Mr, John Watson Taylor, who has most kindly undertaken to catalogue them for the Society. In addition to this work Mr. Watson Taylor has during the past year taken infinite trouble in finding a home for a very large number of non-Wiltshire deeds which had come to the Society from various sources. These he has succeeded in selling to Jibraries and societies with which they are more closely connected. ‘The Bodleian Library, for example, has bought many hundred deeds connected with Oxfordshire and Berkshire. In this way our own Society has been enabled at the same time to find more room for Wiltshire deeds, and to do something towards providing more shelf accommodation in the Library, where a special case has been added for the Buckler Collection of Drawings and other large volumes. Another item which should be mentioned is the large number of Wiltshire Sale Particulars and Catalogues, for which the Society is indebted to Mr. J.J. Slade. In this matter our Society has for many years set an example which has only recently been followed by other societies and libraries, who are becoming alive to the value of the information on various subjects which these Sale Particulars of properties will preserve for the future. We already have fourteen large volumes of them bound, and the librarian would be very grateful if members who happen to have any, either old or new, would send them to him instead of consigning them to the waste paper basket. The set of 6 inch Ordnance Maps of the County, which have for some years been in the Library, on which all the Barrows are numbered, are very difficult to consult in their loose state, and they are now being bound in file cases, so that any required sheet can be found and removed for con- sultation. The provision of these cases is an expensive matter, and the Society has to thank Mr. O. G. 8. Crawford for a generous gift of £5 towards the cost. The librarian would be very glad to hear from any other members who would be willing to help in this matter. The Society has to thank Capt. B. H. Cunnington for the gift of some fifty Wiltshire Prints and Maps new to the Society’s collections. Old Wiltshire Deeds.—A movement has been set on foot by societies especially interested in Genealogy and Topography to urge on all those concerned the desirability of preserving old deeds and documents, which, although no longer of any legal value, contain information as to the descent of properties and family history not perhaps to be found anywhere else. Our Society has long appealed for gifts of this nature, and with much success. ‘The collection of Wiltshire Deeds in the Library is now quite 168 The Sixty-Seventh General Meeting. large. The committee take this opportunity of calling the attention of all solicitors who may happen to find it necessary to clear out their offices, to the desirability of such old deeds and documents finding a home in the Society’s Library, rather than in the marine store dealer’s sacks. Stonehenge.— The only excavation to report during the year is the ex- tremely important work undertaken by the Society of Antiquaries at Stonehenge in conjunction with the operations of the Board of Works. Following on the gift of the monument to the Nation by Sir C. H. Chubb, the Board of Works has begun the work, long so urgently needed, of securing _ those stones of the outer circle which are dangerously out of the perpen dicular. Already two of the uprights and their lintel have been dealt with, and stand now as they stood when they were first erected, and no one would know that the capstone had been taken off and replaced, and that the uprights had been screwed and jacked back into position, and then firmly concreted at the base so that they never can move again. At the present moment three others are being dealt with in like manner. The expense of this work is, of course, borne by the Government, but the work of carrying out the necessary excavations and superintending and. recording the finds falls upon the Society of Antiquaries, and is conducted under the guidance of Colonel W. Hawley and Mr. R. 8. Newall. ‘To the latter is due the sensational discovery of the ring of small pits just inside the earth circle, many of which contain the remains of cremations, prompted thereto by Aubrey’s sketch plan of 1666, which was published in the Magazine in 1876, and has never before been taken seriously by anyone. The work at Stonehenge will probably take two years at least to complete, and the Society of Antiquaries appeals to all archeologists to assist in the very important work of excavation, by their donations. FRIDAY, JULY 23pp. The cars left Devizes at 9.30, as on the previous: days, the numbers present being on this day eighty, the. smallest number of the four days’ excursions. Potterne Church was reached at 9.50, and here Mr, A. Hamilton Thompson gave an account of the connection of Potterne with the Bishops of Salisbury, and discoursed on the very interesting character of the architecture, which apparently dated cir. 1220. He would liked to have definite authority for assigning it to Bishop Poore before his translation to Durham, in 1228. As to the font he remarked that it is impossible to say whether it is really of Pre-Conquest or Post-Conquest date, all that can be said is that it is of the 11th century. The type of script used in the inscription was, it is true, in use before the Conquest, but it also continued in use long after the Conquest. Sir Henry Howorth suggested that the Early English style seems largely to have begun in Wiltshire. It would be worth while to investigate the earliest examples of the style i in the county and to trace its development. He suggested that its origin may have been drawings of early mosques brought home from the first Crusades and shown to Bp. Richard Poore. From the Church the party passed on to the Porch House, thrown open by the kindness of Mr. C. H. St. John Hornby, Leaving this at 11.15 theyreached Edington Church at 12 0’clock. Here The Siaty-Seventh General Meeting. 169 Mr. A. Hamilton Thompson discoursed in a most interesting way on the history of the building, and the place that it occupies in the development of English architecture. He repeated with greater emphasis what he had already said at Potterne, that it is a great mistake to speak of great Bishops like William of Edington and William of Wykeham as having themselves acted as the architects of the buildings they called into being. It is in- credible that men holding the positions they did could have found time for anything of the kind, evenif they had had the necessary technical training, which is most unlikely. The fact is that though no doubt they told their master masons the kind of thing they wished to be built, the whole actual work of design and execution was done by the latter, and the credit for their splendid creations is due to these unknown architects, rather than to the Bishops who are commonly regarded as heaven-sent designers and builders. Mr. Aymer Vallance followed, explaining the division of the Church into monastic and parochial portions, the rood screen standing in the western arch of the tower crossing, where the altar screen now stands, and its wings extending across the aisles and completely dividing the nave from the crossing and choir. After luncheon at the “ Monastery gardens,” where a number of good things, some of them not generally hardy in Wilts, were growing well, and a glance at the big fishponds, the party got aboard the cars and went on to Steeple Ashton Church, where Canon Knubley met them and acted as guide, describing the Church, and mentioning that the actual builder who carried out the work for Robert and Edith Long (who built the N. aisle, whilst Walter and Maud Lucas built the S. aisle, and the parishioners built the rest of the Church between 1480 and 1500,) was one Thomas Lovell, freeman, inasmuch as his executors, John Tocke, of Trowbridge, and Margaret, his wife, sued William Webbe and Margaret his wife, executors of the will of Robert Longe, of Steeple ‘Ashton, clothman, for £49, the balance due for “ certen wurkes and bildyngs of and in the p’ish curche of Stepull Assheton.” Mr. Hamilton Thompson followed, and then Mr. Maurice Drake spoke as an expert on the glass of the Church,comparing it with the earlier glass of Edington. The Edington glass, he said, was made in the third quarter of the 14th century, and is exception- ally fine and interesting Transition work. It shows the newly-discovered yellow stain used with effect. But owing probably to the Black Death, and the fact that the glass itself was made by apprentices and labourers of makers who had died of the plague, it is not of durable quality, and glass of this period is specially liable to corrosion. At Edington much of the outer surface has rotted entirely away,with the result that the glass has become so opaque and dirty that the excellent design is almost invisible. At Steeple Ashton at the end of the 15th century, exactly the opposite state of things exists, — the glass itself is of excellent quality, but the painting, though technically correct, shows a lamentable absence of interest and invention in the details ; the same two or three patterns on the quarries and borders are found all over England. The two tracery figures in the E. window of theS. aisle are good, one represents Our Lady, the other possibly God the Father The portion of inscription with the letters “SCTS EDWA” is an intruded fragment from another window. Whilst the party were in the Church the Ol, Xui.—NO:. CoOCMIIT: N 170°; es The. Siaty-Seventh General Meeting. rain came on heavily, and those who penetrated to the Manor House, by kind permission of Mr. E. Impey, were glad to take shelter under the very picturesque Granary (now converted into a play-room), whilst Canon Knubley gave a short account of the history of the manor. Leaving Steeple Ashton the next stop was at Keevil, where the outside only of the Manor and the gardens with the ‘‘ Twelve Apostles” yews was seen by permission of Gen. Dickson, C.B., the history of the house being set forth by Mr. W. Heward Bell. Neither “'Talboys” House nor the Church was on the programme, but the latter was hurriedly visited in the rain by many of the members. Leaving at 4.15 the party, numbering eighty, reached Cleeve House, Seend, at 4.30, where they were very hospitably entertained at tea | by the President of our own Society and Mrs. Heward Bell, in the hall hung _ with Mr. Bell’s fine collection of arms and big game heads, about which he said a few explanatory words after tea. The gardeners of the party, and there were several very notable gardeners present amongst the archzeologists on this occasion, explored the garden. It was too late in the year for the rock things, but the very extensive collection of shrubs grown by Mr. Bell, as large, probably as any in the county, is of great interest to those who know anything of this branch of gardening, and the exceptional and varied advantages of soil and position possessed by the Cleeve House garden make it possible to grow many things there that would be hopeless in most parts of North Wilts. Leaving Seend, Devizes was reached at 6 p.m.,and at 8.15 Mr. A. Hamilton Thompson gave an admirable address on “The Foundation of the College of Edington,” refreshments being pro- vided by the kindness of Capt. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. SATURDAY, JULY 247n. The numbers of the party were considerably reduced on the last morning, which was devoted to Devizes itself. The Castle was visited by permission of Mrs. Reed, and Brownston and Greystone Houses, by permission of Miss Milman and Mr. H. Sainsbury respectively, as well as St. John’s and St. - Mary’s Churches. At the Castle Mr. E. H. Stone acted as guide, whilst Mr. Vallance described St. John’s Church, Mr. Goddard said a word or two at St. Mary’s, and Mrs. Cunnington was at the Museum to instruct members who preferred to spend the time available there, many of those who had not visited it before being struck by the excellence of the arrangement, labelling, and cataloguing of the collections, as well as by the great interest of the collections themselves. So ended one of the most successful meetings in the whole history of the Society. : The excellent illustrated programme, which, as well as the whole of the arrangements which worked without a single hitch during the week, were entirely due to Capt. B. H. Cunnington, a success secured by the minutest care and attention to detail beforehand. The exact position, for instance, which was to be occupied by the cars at each stoppage, the points at which they were to turn, and the order to be observed on the journeys were specially laid down and distributed in a leaflet to all car drivers beforehand, and woe betide anyone who did not keep the rules; Capt. Cunnington had not been | Notes. 171 in charge of German prisoners for several months for nothing. The members of the visiting society were most appreciative, both of the excellent arrange- ments,’ the varied fare provided for them, which included many of the things best worth seeing in the county, and the general pleasantness—in spite of the weather—of the whole proceedings. The total number of members attending some part of the meeting was, of the Institute, sixty- three, and of the Wiltshire Society, sixty-eight, one hundred and thirty-one in all. Not the least satisfactory point about the meeting was the fact that it was a distinct financial success, a balance of £38 5s. 2d. falling to the Wiltshire Society, and £18 2s. 6d. to the Archeological Institute. NOTES. A Romano-British Site at Westwood. Mr. W.G. Collins, of Bradford-on-Avon, has long paid attention to a Romano-British site at Westwood, and has made extensive notes on the objects collected by him on the surface of a field in which the Roman coftin was found. These notes he has very kindly placed in my hands and allowed me to abstract from them the following short statement. K. H. Gopparp. The Roman stone coffin now in the portico of the Museum at Bath was found in 1906. It is very roughly made from the Oolitic stone of the district, has a rounded head, with an external width of 174 inches, tapering to 144in. at the foot. Its length is 4ft. 3in., its height 1lin., with an inside depth of 7in. ‘The sides and bottom are about 4in. thick. The thick stone slab forming the cover is deeply scored by the ploughshare, as it lay within a very short distance of the surface. The “skeleton, of a child, was very imperfect when found. Nothing else was found in the coffin. On the surface, in the same field, Mr. Collins has found pieces of flue tile, a fragment of wall plaster, another of roof tile, a number of rubbing stones, and a piece of a very thin upper quern stone of hard dense grit, and a long bronze pin.! A great quantity of potsherds has also been collected from the surface of the northern half of the field around the spot at which the coffin wasfound.? Of these the large majority, as in all Romano-British sites in Wiltshire, consist of common, grey ware, fragments of vessels of all sizes from very large heavy vessels to thin small pots. There were also a number of black frag- ments of “ Upchurch” type and of red brick coloured ware. Coarse light ‘The pin, the fragment of quern, and a selection of the pottery fragments -and flints have been given to the Society’s Museum by Mr. Collins. ? Mr. Collins has made a large series of drawings of fragments of rims, &c., which he will very kindly give to the Society’s Library. N 2 172 ok Nena brown or cream- -coloured pottery was also present. There were frag- ments of red mortaria of various sizes,and the handle of a large amphora. A few fragments only of the hard “ New Forest” ware occurred. About one hundred and fifty pieces, mostly very small, of good Samian were found, including twenty-six rim pieces which Mr. Collins believes belonged to fourteen different vessels. The most important of these were submitted by Mr. T. C. Cantrill to Mr. Reginald Smith, of the British Museum, who reports that the earliest and best glazed frag- ment is of the type known as ‘“‘ Hofheim, vi., 2,” dating from 40 to 60 A.D. Other fragments of “ Forms 30, 31, 33, and 39” date from the later years of the Ist century to the middle of the 2nd century. ‘The evidence of these fragments would thus give an early date for the site. On the other hand there appear to be no pieces of “‘ Late Celtic” ware with the possible exception of one or two “bead rim” fragments. As a whole the pottery is distinctly Romano-British. Two small red fragments are of the Rosette stamped ware of which Mr. Heywood Summer has lately figured so many examples as having been manufactured at the kilns at Ashley Rails, in the New Forest, From the same field Mr. Collins has collected a considerable number of worked flints, flakes, and scrapers of the various forms common in the down districts of Wilts, and usually regarded as Neolithic. Some have a thick white, others a bluish patina. Two fragments of well- made polished flint celts also occurred, one the butt end, the other the cutting edge. Mr. Collins is inclined to regard these flints as con- temporary with the Romano-Bbritish pottery on the ground that the . two are found together on the surface on.the same site, and he notes that he has also found flint scrapers, d&c., on the sites of the Roman villas of Colerne and North Wraxall. Moreover he considers that their somewhat rough workmanship favours the theory of their late origin. It may be so; on the other hand it may be that Neolithic folk were living on the site centuries before the Romano-Britons inhabited it. Mr. Collins wishes to record his great indebtedness to Mr. T. C. Cantrill, of the Geological Survey, for his kind and constant help. ‘‘Blue hard stone, ye same as at Stonehenge,”’ found in Boles | Bowles | Barrow (Heytesbury, I.) There have recently come into my possession several volumes of original letters written by the late Wm. Cunnington,F.S.A., of Heytes- bury, who in conjunction with Sir R. Colt Hoare made the Stourhead Collection of antiquities now in our Museum, on which Sir R. Colt Hoare founded his work, “ Ancient Wilts.” Many of these letters are originals from contemporary archeologists and geologists and others - are Mr. Cunnington’s own copies of replies he sent and reports of his numerous excavations in the Barrows on the Wiltshire Downs, and deal with the whole period of his excavations. One of these letters, dated from Heytesbury, July 18th, 1801, is a copy of a letter he sent to W. P. Wyndham, Esq,, of Salisbury. in “slater he describes the opening of Boles (Bowles) Barrow, which is situated Notes. 173 on the downs about midway between Heytesbury and Imber. Aftera description of, the preliminary excavations the letter goes on to say :— “We found it (the interior of the barrow) composed entirely of white marle (? chalk) stones till we came to the depth of four feet and a half when we found a ridge of large Sarcen stones and flints which extended _wider as we worked down.” [At the word “large”’ is a star, referring to a note at the bottom of the sheet, where it is written “‘ The stones are about 28lbs. to 200lbs. weight.” After further description of the excavation the letter states :—‘‘ The stones that composed so large a part of this ridge over the bodies are of the same species as the very large stones at Stonehenge, which the County people call Sarcens.” At the word Stonehenge is a star, referring the reader to a note at the bottom of the page, where, in his own handwriting, is written the following :—‘‘Since writing the above I discovered amongst them the Blue hard Stone, ye same as the upright Stones in ye inner Circle at Stonehenge.” Itappears possible that after the letter to Mr. Wyndham was sent, the foregoing note was added as a memorandum to Mr. Cunnington’s copy of the letter. In another copy of this letter in my possession and evidently made at the same time as the other, there isa star at the word “‘ Stonehenge,” as above, but the note it refers to appears to have been omitted in the copying, as nothing is written at the bottom of the page. In another letter, written to John Britton, dated Heytesbury, Nov. 8th, 1802, after referring to various matters concerning Stonehenge, he says :—“I am of opinion that the greater part of the stones were from the Wiltshire downs, the six (?) that are innermost of all are certainly from the neighbourhood of Frome. I think I showed you a great variety of the stones found in a large oblong barrow near this place that are of the same kind with several of those at Stonehenge.” Tt is strange that the above important facts do not appear in any account of the various openings that Boles! barrow has undergone. It was opened twice by Wm. Cunnington, of Heytesbury, in 1801, and again in 1803, once by Dr. Thurnam, in 1864, and in 1885 and 1886 by Wm. and Hy. Cunnington of Devizes. (See Ancrent Wrlts—South, pages 87, 88, Wilts Arch. Mag., vols. xxill. and xxiv.) ‘This is the only case where it is recorded that the “ blue stones” have been found in a long barrow, though broken fragments have been found several times in the round Bronze Age barrows in the immediate vicinity of Stonehenge. Boles Barrow is about six miles from Stonehenge. It is to be noted that it is not stated in the letter whether the “ Blue hard Stone” was in the shape of (a) fragments, presumably from the Stonehenge uprights themselves, as was the case in the round barrows near Stonehenge, in which case their presence would tend to prove that Stonehenge was erected in the Long Barrow period, or (}) in the shape of natural small boulders, in which case their presence would go to reinforce Prof. Judd’s theory that the blue stones at Stonehenge were 1 The spelling of the name “‘ Boles” is Mr. Cunnington’s. 174 Notes. found as drift boulders on the Plain, and would have no bearing on the age of the structure. B. Howarp CUNNINGTON. Certain Customs belonging to the ManorofChristian Malford in the County of Wilts taken out the Records, 1614. Communicated by Mr. G. A. H. Witter Impris Our Custom is for the Lord of the manor to grant by Copie of — Court roll no more than three lives in one Copie at once, Item Our Custom is fora tenant to put in a last life for two years Purchase and to Change a life for one years purchase. Item Our Custom is if a man Do purchase an estate for himselfe & two Children he may Surrender his estate for the use of any other for his life and Cut of his Children Except the Children or any friend do give any mony to the purchase with the Father and Known (?) in Court but his wife must have her widohood And she may Surrender it to the next taker if she think fitt. Item Our Custom is if a Copieholder put in the life of his Daughter and after his death She takes to the Estate She may marrey without a licence not Breaking nor Cause of forfiture nor loss of Heriot to the Lord for She is a Headholder her husband is not. Item Our Custom is that after a Copieholder Dieth that his Execeter shall haue the profitt of his Estate till St. Micheal the archangel next following paying all Dutyes thats belonging to it. Item Our Custom is to haue all maner of timber to Repair the Dweling house and out Houses gates and Stiles and Bridges post & rails as need require giving notice first to y° Lords Bayleiff and paying him a groat a tree for marking. Item Our Custom is to have such meadow & pasture Lands & Earable Common which is part & percel of our Copiehold which hath or is belonging be ours by Custom. Item Onr Custom is that all tops & Cuts all Shrouds all Dead trees all windffalls all underwood such as Heasell maple all thorn willow or any other sort is ours by Custom. Item Our Custom is that a Copiehold tenant may Break up & plow any or all of his Copiehold Estate except Stonemead without licence or Breaking Custom. Item Our Custom is when a Copiehold tenant Deceaseth and a Heriot is Due that the Execter ought to pay him of the Best quick Catle that he Dieth possest of and if he has none the best good that he Dieth possest of. | Item Our Custom is to haue plough Boot & fire Boot. Item Our Custom is a Copieholder makes a Defauld at the Lord Court hauing business other ways he may saue his amercement by Signing a peney if Demanded. Item Our Custom is if a tenant Should be atained of treason or ffelony his wife Shall injoy her widdows Estate after her Husband. Notes. 1795 Item Our Custom is a Copieholder may keep his Copiehold in his own hands not Dweling upon the Same but his Servants without Licence but by Licence he make tenant & under tenant as he shall think fitt by vertue of his Copie. Item Our Custom is when any tenant Deceaseth the next taker ought to Come into the Court to make his Claim & there be admited tenant according to Custom & when he is admited tenant he shall give the Steuard a Silver peney & two Shilling to the Homage to wittness that in Court he was admited tenant & if it shall Happen that the Steuard will not admit him tenant and he that Claimed Dieth the Lord must haue a Heriot and his wife her Widdows Estate. Item Our Custom is that there can be no Surrender out of Court. Item Our Custom is a tenant by misfortune Looseth his Copie yet shall he keep his Living and if there be any other joyned with him in the same Copie in Revertion of him he shall as well Injoy it after the Death forfiture or Surrender by our Custom. Item Our Custom is if a Copie in Revertion be granted by Lord and Lawfully taken before the Homage in the Court and the Copie be Lost by misfortune before the Revertion Do fall after the Death forfiture cr Surrender of the tenant that last was this revertioner or revertioners Shall Injoy it by our Custom, if any Such Revertioner do come into Court and Claim it in twelue month a day or any for him. Item Our Custom is that no other man then that is Sworn with us Shall haue to do with anything that appertaineth with our Court but those that be Customary tenants. Item Our Custom is that all amercements pains and all orders which appertaineth to the Lord Court ought to be offered by the Customary tenants. Item Our Custom is that all Strayers which be taken within this Mancr being und the price of 1ij and 111] to Remaine in the tything among the Customary tenant and the lord to have the price that they shall ap- prayed at when they Shall be fully year’d. Item Our Custom is that there is no Heriott Due in Heyday Street. Item Our Custom is it is not Lawful for any tenant to Sell any great timber growing upon his Estate without the Lord’s Licence for a tree Eight Inches Square is Deemed timber. Our Custom is that all quarey and all mine Do Belong to the Lord. Item Our Custom is the father do make any forfiture. upon his Copiehold that it will not prejudice the rite and Interest of the Next Revertioner but they shall haue and Injoy the same according to our Custom. Item Our Custom is if any tenant holdeth one two or three Messages or tenaments at his Death he ought to pay unto the Lord for Every Message or Tenement one Heriott Except it Do appear otherways upon the Copie. Item Our Custom is that if the Lord do grant by Copie of Court Roll to any tenant three lives Every tenant being in possession ought to pay an heriot or Heriots after their Deaths according to the Customs. Item Our Custom is-that if two or three Doth come to the Court and they 176 Notes. Do take Lord a Copiehold and Every of them Do pay the p'* of (?) fine then they be takers all three then none of them can or may Deceue the other by our Custom. Item Our Custom is that if any man take of the Lord by Copie of Court Roll any message or tenement for himselfe and two of his Children or one Child & not name the names of them but leaueth a Space for them it is not good. Item Our’ Custom is when a widow Doth Live anche! that apertaineth unto the Ecclesiastical Court for that our Custom have not to Do with it but for her Living Shee Shall Injoy it by our Custom. Customs ofthe Rectory Manor of Christian Malford. 1744. [Extracted from the Rectory book, which begins 1727. ] The Mannor of the Rectory of Christian Malford in y* County of Wilts. At a Court Barron of the Reverend Doctor Francis White Doctor in Divinity and Rector of the parish Church of Christian Malford aforesaid, Lord of the said Mannor held there the nineteenth day of October in the year of our Christ one thousand seven hundred & fforty four before Adam Tuck Steward there it was thus Inrolled Elias fferris Thythingman appeared & sworn Sam!" Glascodine Bayliffe —dead Names of the Homage Matthew Hopkins William Belcher James Selman William Scott Thomas Turtle sworn Presentment of the Homage ffirst‘We present and our Custom is that the Lord of this: Mannor may grant all Coppy hold Lands and Tenements within this Mannor to any person or persons for one two or three lives Also That the Lord may grant (by Coppy) one or two lives in Re- vertion of any Coppyhold Tenement within this mannor where one or two lives are in possession Also That if any Copyyhold tenement be granted unto a married woman she shall enjoy the same for her life and not by her widows’ estate and that on her death there is an Executors year due to the Executor or Administrator Also That the widow of every cape nel Tennant of this Mannor dying possessed of any Coppyhold Estate or Estates shall enjoy the same for her widowhood only And that if she so dye there is an Executors year due to her Executor or Administrator unless on the last life and then the Estate imediately goes to the Lord Also That the Executor or Administrator of any Tennant dying in possession before Michaelmas shall enjoy the Testators Estate untill Michaelmas next following unless its on the last life and then the Estate imediately fall’s into the Lords hands : Also That every ‘Tennant dying possessed of any Tenement or Estate within this Mannor shall pay to the Lord the best good or goods that he dyed possessed off for every particular estate that he held within this Mannor and that were to be found on every of them or elsewhere Also That if any Coppyholder of this Mannor make’s his forfeiture Notes, lean yi/ of his Coppyhold it’s for his own life only and that the next life in succession is to be admitted Tennant to: the Coppyhold premisses so forfeited according the Custom this mannor Also That upon the death of any Coppyhold Tennant the next life in succession ought to be admitted Tennant at the next Court after the death the first life (unless the second life be in the Warrs or beyond the seas and Widdowhood excepted) otherwise the next life in suc- cession to the premisses (if any) may be admitted in the roome of the the second life if such second life that is so remote is not proved liveing and produced at this court within one year and a day after demand shall be made thereof by the Lord or his Steward in his behalfe and if there shall be no such succeed third life the premisses shall go to the Lord of the Mannor Also That all Timber within this mannor belongs to the Lord and that he ought to allow by assignement to e’ry ‘Tennant out of the Timber growing on his Estate a sufficient quantity for the building and repairing of their Coppyhold Tenements when the Lord shall think fitt Also We present as Coppyhold Tennants of this Mannor in possession William Belcher the Elder Thomas Ody Matthew Hopkins Kdward Trimnel Elias fferris James Weston James Selman Thomas Miles Daniel Selman William Scott and Mary Pinker Also We present that Issaac Belcher one of the revertionary customary Tennants of this Mannor dyed since the last Court _ Also We present Edward Trimnel for not repairing the Tenement which is very ruinous and out of repair And we do hereby order the said Edward Trimnel to repair the same in T'welvemonths time on pain of his forfeiture thereof to the Lord : Also We present the said Edward Trimnel and his Tennant William Gingell for not repairing two ffoot Bridges lying in the Home Closes in the Church foot road leading from Thornend to the parish Church of Christian Malford And also to put a good drock to a Watercourse runing between the said Home Closes and the same shall be repaired in a fortnights time on pain of forfeiting to the Lord Ten shillings for each offence : Also We present and Amerce all persons who owe suit and service to this Court and have not appeared this day one shilling each person Also We present John Hemery to serve the office of Bayliffe for the Mannor for the year ensueing Also Wee present James Selman to serve the office of Tythingman for the year ensueing Entry in the Parish Register at Tisbury. “An intention of marriage between William Lush, of Eastgate and Joan Haylock - daughter of Thomas Haylock of Linly was published in this Church on 3 severall Lord’s Dayes viz.: May 18, 25", and June Ist 1656. And at ye last publication thereof Richard Sly of Winterslow in ye County saying 'that ye sd. Joan Haylock was his wife nevertheless on ye next day being June 2nd ye said Richard Sly did by open deed under his handwriting relinquish all rights claims and interests which | , L782 Notes. : he had to the person of the said Joan Haylock and did give her his full and free consent to be married to the said William Lush and this deed was published and delivered as his act before Christopher Bennet of East Hatch, gent. Henry Davyes of Chitgrove yeoman.” Salisbury Cathedral, the Tombs of ‘‘ Bishop Robert Bingham” and ‘‘ Bishop William of York.’ The late Sir Will. St. John Hope wrote an important note on the tombs now bearing the above ascriptions, which was printed in Proc. Soc. Ant. 2nd Ser., XXVIII. 184—190. These two canopied tombs stand on either side in the Presbytery of the Cathedral within the third arch from the east. ‘That on the north is known as that of Bp. Robert Bingham, that on the south as that of : Bp. Wm. of York, or, as he is called in the obit. calendar, William of : Wilton. Sir William Hope says :—“ Both are works unquestionably of the 14th and not of the 13th century, and unless evidence to the con- trary is forthcoming from some quarter unknown to me, it is difficult, In my opinion, to associate with them any longer the names of Bishop Robert and Bishop William.” Sir William points out that Bishop Robert Bingham died in 1246. “ He is believed to have been the first Bishop buried in the new Church, but since the high altar was not hallowed until 1258 it is difticult to understand how he could have been buried in the unfinished presbytery. The same remark applies to Bishop William, who died 1255—6, but he is said by some authorities to have been buried ad altare SanctiJohannis coram altare apostolorum. This, however, was one of the three altars hallowed in 1225 and stood at the east end of the north aisle of the presbytery.” Richard Gough, Sepulchral Monuments, Vol.I1., p. eccxxix., Pl. xxxix., printed 1796, assigns the tombs as at present.. Dodsworth, 1814; Lritton Hist. and Antiquities of the Cath. Church of Salisbury, 1815— 1836, p. 98 ;and A. R. Malden, W.A.M.,xxxvii , 343; follow his example. “There can be little doubt,” says Sir William, “ that Richard Gough is responsible for assigning the two tombs to Bishop Robert and Bishop William, since all earlier authorities that I have been able to consult tell a different tale.” A Description of that admirable Structure the Cathedral Church of Salisbury, pub. in 1753 and again in 1774, and ascribed to Francis Price, contains a description of all the inscribed monuments then in the Church. But this is taken verbatem from an earlier work, pub. by E. Curll in 1719, of which a second edition ap- peared in 1723. All these works contain this passage :—“ In the north isle on the side of the Quire under an arch in the wall lies Bishop Roger de Martival (with only a cross embossed on his tomb) who died 14 March 1329.” Leland in his /t:nerary writes:—“ In Presbyterio exparte Bor. Audeley Episcopus Sarum. Rogerus Mortyvalle Episcopus Sarum . . . ex parte Australi Presbyt. Simon de Gandavo Epus Sarum . . . In med. Presbyterii Robertus Wyville Epus Sarum.” Bp. Audeley’s tomb still stands in the bay east of the tomb now ascribed to Bp. Bingham, that of Bp. Wyville has been moved, but the tomb Notes, 179 which Leland calls Simon of Ghent’s still faces that which he gives to Roger de Mortival. Sir William also quotes directions inal 5th centurySarum Ordinalenow inthe British Museum. The order De modo turificandi altare on feast days givesdirections for the ceremonial censing of the high altar by two priests and then for their censing the altars immediately outside the Presbytery. If the Bishop were present the Bishop censed the tomb of Simon the Bishop, and the priest that of Roger the Bishop, and it is certain that these tombs were in the Presbytery and not outside it. “Tt is evident, therefore,” says Sir William, “that the monument now called William of York’s is really that of Simon of Ghent (died 1315, and the one called Robert Bingham’s that of Roger Mortival (died 1330). The architectural evidence is likewise in favour of this view.” Sir William’s note, illustrated by plates of the two tombs, is followed by this memorandum :— “On Friday, 7th December, 1900, the tomb of Robert Bingham Bishop of Salisbury, 1229—46, was opened in the presence of Canon EK. R. Bernard, Chancellor of the Diocese, A. R. Malden, Deputy Registrar and Chapter Clerk, Rev. K. EX. Dorling, Vicar of Burcombe, Rev. A. E. G, Peters, and Rev. R. G. Bartelot, Missioners of the Society of St. Andrew, C. Blomfield, Esq., architect, Rev. O. Smith-Bingham, Mrs. Bingham, and their son, G. Freemantle and R. Adey, vergers, Robert Brindley, clerk of the works, and Soper, mason, with two labourers. The slab was removed and it was then found that there was another large Purbeck slab over the grave. The stones on the south side of this were then removed, and two of the side stones taken out, when the coffin was discovered. It was made of wood witha leaden outside covering, and the top had fallen in. When the lead was bent back a chalice (lying on its side near the left shoulder), a wooden pastoral staff and metal buckle were seen, also the bone of the left arm, one thigh bone, and part of the vertebree. The bones were covered with a dark substance which crumbled on being touched, probably the remains of vestments. It was thought undesirable to disturb the remains further.” The investigation was due to the Rev. O. Smith- Bingham, who promised to restore the brass if he were satisfied that the tomb was that of his ancestor. ‘The inference was that the evidence was not convincing. Wooden ‘‘ Roundell,” or Fruit Trencher, at Wilcot. Writing from Wilcot Vicarage on Aug. 5th, 1908, the Rev. W.S. Sykes . sent a tracing (now among the Society’s drawings) of “ what I am told is supposed to be a wooden paten belonging to the Church.” It is a flat disc of wood apparently beech (?), 5in. in diameter. and about gin. thick. In the centre within double red circular lines is this inscription : “Though hungrie meales bee put in pot Yet conscience cleare keept without spot Doth keepe the corpes (?) in quiet rest Than hee that thousands hath in cchest.” 180 Notes | Round this the surface is covered with a broad border of floriated ornament in red, blue, and white paint with gilding. “ When I came to Wilcot I found it lying on the Barwick Tomb, whence it might easily have been carried away without any person being the wiser. I am told that the late Admiral Montagu had it for many years in the Manor House, and that he placed in the Church. I have half-a-sheet of note paper (with the inscription and) ‘The round board found in Wilcot House with above inscription. J. W. M.’” It is clear from the tracing and description that this is an example of the curious wooden “ Roundells ” with mottos and inscriptions upon them which seem to have been in fashion in the reigns of Elizabeth : and James I. They are found in sets of twelve, &c., of which examples | are to be seen in S. Kensington Museum and elsewhere, It is generally supposed that they were intended as fruit trenchers and were of course designed for secular use. The Wilcot example is curious and interesting, but it does not appear that it has ever really been used asa paten. See account of roundells by J. Y. Akerman, Arche@ologia, XXXIV., 225. There is a set of eight similar roundells in Salisbury Museum. E. H. Gopparp. The ‘‘Scrag’”’ on Winklebury Hill. Gen. Pitt-Rivers, in Vol. IL., p. 258, of Excavations in Cranbourne Chase, says :—“ Barrow Ill, Winklebury Hill . . . was surrounded by a ditch, and the contents had probably been destroyed during the insertion of a dead yew tree, locally called a ‘Scrag.’ I removed the tree during the ex- cavations, and I afterwards learnt that the people of the neighbourhood attached some interest to it, and it has since been replaced by Sir Thomas Grove.” The Rev. W. Goodchild, Rector of Berwick St. John, writing on 22nd Jan., 1920, in answer to enquiries, says :—“ There are no traditions in the parish about the ‘Scrag’ that can be relied upon, and I have not yet come upon any mention of it in any written or printed document before 1880. A fuss was made about the removal in 1881 because the people ‘did not hold with the removal of dead men’s bones.’ The ‘Scrag’ is not noticed in either of the lists of boundaries made in the tenth century for the Abbesses of Shaftesbury and Wilton, and this fact is of some evidence that the ‘Scrag’ was not an old heathen phallic emblem. Possibly a post was put into the tumulus at a much later period to distinguish it as bounding the pasture ground of the two abbesses. ‘The ‘Scrag’ is also not mentioned by the Rev. E. Rolle, who rode round the boundaries of Berwick in June, 1760. On the other hand there probably was a heathen sacred tree on the boundary of Berwick not far from Win Green called Scyldestrowe, in the Wilton Charter of 955, and the name Sculd’strow survived until the fourteenth . century for the adjoining land.” Sir Thomas Grove’s “Scrag” was blown down in one of the last gales, Jan., 1920. C. V. GoDDARD. Notes, 181 Witches in S. Wilts. The Rev. Q. Bacon, Vicar of Swallowcliffe, writing January 24th, 1920, speaks of an old woman of that parish, a Roman Catholic, who died some years ago, who was regarded asa witch. ‘“* Many people of the parish were afraid of her and wouldn’t ‘cross’ her for anything on account of her ‘evil eye.’ I have heard that she could find lost property. She was a wonderful old woman and I rather liked her.”” The Rev. W. Goodchild, Rector of Berwick St. John, also writes, “ I have heard of witches at Donhead and Swallowcliffe, women who could find lost property. People did not care to pass their houses at night.” C. V. GoppDARp. Elder Wood. The Rev. C. V. Goddard, Rector of Baverstock, recalls the fact that in 1912 he was told by Mr. Cotton, of Teffont, that he had enquired of the woodman there whether he cut down elder for use, and was told that he did not. He asked “ why not?” and the wood- man’s answer was ‘ well they said that the Cross of Jesus Christ was made of elder wood, so people didn’t use it for burning.” Will o’ the Wisp at Eaverstock. Mr. Goddard also writes that in 1912 David Watts, the clerk at Baverstock, told him that there were parts of the water meadow below the school there that were bog and shook when you jumped on them. He had formerly as a boy seen “Tick Candlestick ” (he said * 7%ck” not ‘‘ Dick”), there, but not of — late years. It would flit about, a whiteish light, about as high as one’s breast, here and off again. It was also seen up by Groveley and people were put wrong by going towards it, when they were coming over through Grovely, thinking it was a cottage light. He had not, how- ever, heard of it there for years past. | Great Rainfall and Flood of April 9th, 1920. Aftera night of heavy rain,a stormwith much thunder and lightning began about 7.45 a.m. over the district between Swindon and Devizes, accompanied by torrential rainfall which reached its greatest violence about -10.30, when it was commonly remarked that people had never seen such rain in England, and continued until 11.15. Low lying parts of the roads were everywhere quickly flooded. The principal damage was done in Calne, where about 11.30 the river suddenly rose and flooded the whole of the centre of the town. The Strand, Mill Street, and Church Street were flooded to a considerable depth, the contents of houses and shops being in many cases carried away down the stream. There had been nothing like it since the great flood of October 24th and Novem- ber 13th, 1882, when the water was somewhat higher than on this occasion. After midday the flood subsided almost as rapidly as it rose. Photographs of the flooded streets appeared in Dady Mirror, April 13th ; Daily Mail, April 14th; Wiltshire Gazette, April 15th ; and Wiltshire 7'emes, April 17th. There was little rain in the south of the county, and nothing to speak of in the Marlborough district. At Shepherd’s Shore the fall in 182 Notes. 24 hours was only ‘81,*but at Calstone, Cherhill, Compton Bassett, and Clyffe Pypard, the fall was torrential. At Cherhill the fall registered was 125, and at Compton 1'48,.. At Clyffe Pypard the water carried away wagon loads of flints from the steep roads, just under the hill, and produced a most curious effect at the side of the - road on “ Bushton Hill.” Here, where normally there is no ditch at all, the immense volume of water charged with sharp broken flints from the road excavated a channel for itself for some distance not more than six inches.rn width, but cut right down into the solid undisturbed chalk in places three feet from the surface as cleanly as if it had been cut out with a draining tool. EK. H. Gopparp. Great Crested Glebe. I have received from a correspondent the information that a pair of these fine birds are still to be seen in a locality in this connty, where they appeared some yearsago. I dare not mention even the district indicated, for fear of giving a clue to egg collectors, the most pernicious criminals that the naturalist has to guard against. EK. H. Gopparp. Buzzard and Puffin near Marlborough. Mr. Guy Pierson, President of the Marlborough College Nat. Hist. Soc., in a note of Nov. 22nd, 1919, says:—‘I am writing to let you know of two in- teresting bird finds I have had here this year. The first was a Buzzard, which I saw near Avebury on the downs in a snowstorm about March 20th, 1919. I was only here for a visit then, and did not realize the rarity of my find until this month. I am certain of the identification : I know the Buzzard well on the coast of Cornwall. The second was a Puffin, which was caught on the downs near Rockley, in the first week of November, 1919. It was starving and exhausted. A man from Manton caught it and broughtit home. One of the College gardeners brought me word and I went over and identified it. It died after a week and is now being stuffed. Senecio Squalidus. This plant which years ago was known almost entirely as an inhabitant of every old wall in Oxford, seems of late years to have established itself as a traveller on the Great Western Railway, in which capacity it has appeared within the last two or three years in abundance on the railway works embankment and the waste ground adjoining, at Rushey Platt, Swindon, between the two railway bridges (and doubtless elsewhere also). The plant here has often the stature and growth of S. jacobea (Ragwort), but it has been identified at Kew as 8. sgualidus. So far as can be judged froma railway carriage it seems to have established itself also abundantly at Reading. K. H. GopDARD. Pyrola minor. Mr. G. B. Milne-Redhead, of Millard’s Hill, Frome, writing Nov. 28rd, 1919, reports that Pyrola minor “ was found last Notes. 183 summer (1919) in a small wood near Westbury.” This seems to be the first record of its occurrence in Wiltshire. Little Owl at Clyffe Pypard, The curious way in which this bird is increasing in Wiltshire is shown by the fact that I have twice (in Nov., 1919, and the early summer of 1920) seen a Little Owl here at close quarters, and I am told that there were a pair seen often together in the early part of this year (1920). E. H. GoppDarp. The Gloss on Flints from Knowle and Collingbourne. With regard to the Collingbourne flints Mr. A. D. Passmore wrote on Oct. 30th, 1919, as follows :—“ Last week end I proceeded to Ludgershall to run our glazed flints to their place of origin. Walking through the beautiful (Collingbourne) woods we examined pit after pit for hours, but found nothing. Returning to the pit only about 6ft. square of the badger digging episode (where the glazed flints were originally found), we immediately found glaze and it was perfectly obvious that here and no where else lay the explanation of the puzzle. The sides of the pit had foundered somewhat so we proceeded to dig, and, starting at the bottom, cleared the maiden chalk, and working upwards, came to softer chalk, containing flints all unglazed. Between this and the surface mould was a curious band of washy looking chalk, and at one point, to my great delight, asmall pocket of beautiful brown sand, about a small bucket full, in which were lying three glorious flints with the polish of agem. Above this in chalk, were many flints, all dull, also many flints, in mould, all dull. Later we found another little | pocket with one bright flint in it on the other side of the pit.” Mr. Passmore sent up specimens to Prof. EK. Ray Lankaster, who, after subjecting them to various tests wrote (March 28th, 1920):—“It is : certain that there is no deposit or ‘Glaze’ on the surface of these flints | but only a polishing of the surface. This has been proved by micro- scopic section at right angles to the surface. ‘The polish has been produced by sand driven over the flints either by water or by wind, most probably (but not certainly) by water.” It is to be noted that very fine sand is present both at Collingbourne and Knowle. The British Museum has quite recently (1920) received a consignment of flints of Paleolithic type from the Congo, numbers of which show signs of this same polish, in some instances as brilliant as that found at Knowle. Mr. O. G. 8. Crawford has just (Sept., 1920) made the interesting discovery that flints with polish precisely resembling those from Collingbourne Wood occur in the chalk pit close to Adam’s Grave, the large Long Barrow on Walker’s Hill, above Alton, and has given several examples to the Devizes Museum. Mr. F. Stevens, F.S.A., curator of the Salisbury Museum, has also discovered, quite recently, at Dewlish,in Dorset, a number of small white flints much rounded and water worn, many of them covered all over with a high polish, and in other cases with only portions of the 184 Notes, surface polished. ‘They were lying in a gravel composed of small white flint fragments of which the great mass showed no sign of the polish. Mr. Stevens’ specimens are now in the Salisbury Museum. EK. H. GoppDArRD. Interment at Durrington. A crouched ‘skeleton was reported to have been found in May, 1916, in the course of trench digging at Durrington, but there was no 4a of any objects found with it. Late Celtic Iron objects of unknown use. In Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxv., p. 431, is illustrated an iron object found at Oliver’s Camp, and in vol. xxxvi, p. 141, is a noteon a precisely similar example in my own collection, found in a pit near Swindon. They | consist of two pointed strips of iron rivetted together at right angles, the points bent into the form of hooks. Itis there suggested that they may have been intended to keep panes of window glassin place. Prof. Flinders Petrie, however, in his Jools and Weapons, Kgyptian - Exploration Fund Report, 1917, figures two similar objects, Plates- LXXIT. and LXXIII., Figs. 64 and 66 respectively, the first of which is exactly like the Oliver’s Castle example (now in the Devizes Museum), with the points bent to one side, whilst the second is so exactly like my own example that there can be no doubt as to their manufacture for the same purpose. Those figured by Petrie were rivetted to a straight handle, the end of which curls over to form a fifth hook, and they are described as flesh hooks for fishing out meat from a boiling pot.’ The size of the Egyptian example exactly agrees with that of our Wiltshire specimens, and the date assigned to them, Late Celtic, is the same. In the Egyptian hooks the handles measure 10 and 16 inches respectively. A. D. Passmore. Triple Barrows in Wilts. The well-known triple barrows at _ Overton Hill and Shepherd’s Shore seem to be of extreme rarity. A parallel case which I have just noticed may, therefore, be worth re- cording. In the Report for 1891 of the Imperial Archeological Commission: of St. Petersburg, p. 161, there is described and figured a barrow at Pavlovka, S. Russia, similar and agreeing in size with that at Overton Hill. It contained many skeletons coloured red, and, judging from the contents of neighbouring barrows, seems to be of rather late date (roughly 500 B.C.), but is perhaps much earlier. A. D. Passmore, Norman Building at Swindon. When the new brickyard (near the canal at Rushey Platt, and under Okus Hill, at Swindon, was made, they cut through the middle of a very large hemes of Norman date. The walls were very thick and quantities of pottery were found. I still have a lot of big jugs which can be more or less restored. Unfortunately my plan and measurements have gone astray, but I well remember a very large oblong space enclosed by walls two feet thick. One end of the building is still buried in the side of the hill. A. D. Passmore. Notes. 185 Silbury Hill. ‘he search for an elucidation of the origin of this mysterious mound has hitherto been directed on the tumulus itself and the comparative methods of modern archeology have been somewhat neglected. It is now proposed to discuss as a comparison certain Irish and French mounds, and although no conclusions will be arrived at, the study of several objects which seem to be of the same class is more likely to lead to a solution than the continued study of an isolated example. In the case of Silbury itis often stated (a) that the various excavations failed to find an interment in the centre because the centre was lost as the hill was irregularly constructed, or that the builders having placed the interment in the centre were not skilful enough to construct the mound with an accurate radius round it; (0) that as the interment was not discovered centrally it was non- eristent: or that the mound is non-sepulchrai. In the first case (a) it can be demonstrated that the idea is based on fallacious premises. A consideration of the old ground surface in its original state leads to the conclusion that if the builders wished to inter a deposit centrally they could have done so with certainty. Taking the old surface, the area to be covered by the future mound must have been marked out first, because the surrounding ground had to be used as a quarry from which the material for the higher part was to be obtained, This arrangement was of two-fold advantage, as the inside of the quarry was to form the base of the mound itself, and the more they excavated round the base the higher and more imposing became their mound irrespective of what was placed on top. This preliminary scheme, as we read the mind of the ancient.architect, was the offspring of no mean brain. It was the matured labour saving device of a prehistoric but unfortunately nameless genius. Since, then, it is a fact that before work was commenced the circle of the mound was marked out, and as a circle is marked out with the | greatest facility by a rope fastened to a central peg, we are bound to | agree that the ancient originator knew the central spot very well, and | if it had been his wish to place an interment there it would be there | to-day no matter how irregularly the mound was constructed. The centre being fixed, the moment they began to dig the circumference | would be fixed also, and no matter how the resultant chalk was heaped up neither could vary an inch. (6) Having proved that it was not the intention to inter centrally, must we think that the mound is not sepulchral? or not a barrow in the generally accepted sense of a burial heap? At this point we are helped by parallel mounds in Ireland, where are huge cairns up to 250ft. in diameter, and 50ft. high, which, had they been excavated in the same way as Silbury, would have been pronounced non-sepulchral. These large Irish round cairns, when excavated, are found to have a passage, constructed of huge stones upright with roofing stones over leading into a large chamber containing the interment, which is not situated in the centre of the mound, but on the S.K. or E. side. A glance at the plans of New Grange, Dowth, Loughcrew, and Sliabh-na- Cailligh, will illustrate this, and show aaa that if we accept the big | VOL. XLI—NO, CXXXIII. O | 186 Notes. Irish round barrows as parallels then we know why there is nothing in the centre of Silbury, and are led to think that if some fortunate man dug into it on the chord of an arc wide of the centre and on the S.E. side he might find more than his predecessors. To strengthen the above evidence the writer has lately (1920) examined the large round mounds in the peninsula of Rhuys, Morbihan, France. Here the huge “ Butte de Tumiac,” 280ft. in diameter, and 60ft. high, was found on excavation to have a stone chamber situated a considerable distance east of the centre. Petit Mont, inthe same region, is 4 large cairn, 30ft. high, the passage tomb of which is now exposed to view and is situated practically on the eastern edge of the tumulus. A. D. PAssMoRE. Great Bedwyn Plant Notes. Mr. C. P. Hurst writes Oct., 1920, that he has found the little club-rush Eleocharis (Scirpus) acicularis in abundance in the canal at Great Bedwyn. Preston only records it from the canal at Marston Meysey. He also records from Wilton Brails Wood, near Great Bedwyn, the rare Horsetail, Hquisetum sylvaticum var. capillare (Hoffm): and from Dod’s Down at the southern end of Wilton Brails Wood, gwesetum palustre var. polystacum (Weigel) growing on London clay. Both these varieties appear not to have been recorded for Wiltshire before. In addition Mr. Hurst has found near Great Bedwyn a hybrid, Scrophularia nodosa xX S. Hhrhartau [S. Hurslii (Druce)] which is new to the British Flora. Lydiard Millicent Natural History Notes. The Rev. D. P. Harrison writes Oct. 30th, 1920, noting what others must have noticed also, the singular absence this year of the common Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly and the great abundance on the other hand of the Red Admiral in the autumn. He notes that the Comma (C. album) which had been fairly numerous in certain spots for the last two years | was not to befound this year. Hesaw two Clouded Yellows (C. edusa). He reports a solitary Hooded Crow, of which bird he has only seen | four or five in fifteen years. The Little Owl which first appeared six | years ago is decidedly on the increase. “I have also heard five or | six Landrails this summer, I am glad to say. I have not heard it for | some years and had come to the conclusion that it was practically | extinct in these parts.” What Mr. Harrison says of the recent rarity | of the Landrail at Lydiard is true also over a wide district of north | Wilts. Field Names. Wilcot. The field “ Ladies’ Ground” is in an | angle between the Devizes road and the Alton (West Stowell) boundary. | Only a few hundred yards away is a field, also in West Stowell, called J “ Stanchester,” beyond which are others called “ Castle Grounds.” Iam | not yet certain, but I think that the locality is described in King | Egbert’s charter of Aewelton in A.D. 828 (the last paragraph). ‘‘ From | Moxes down Southward . . . along Gewpres to Harepath then Notes. 187 on to the dyke corner then along the dic to creodan hill. Then to the Harepath against the xv aeceras. Then from there along harepath to ‘Taesan mead & the Hatfield ancient boundaries.” The words underlined trace the boundary of West Stowell (if [am correct in my supposition) and bound the two fields ‘“Stanchester ” and “ Ladies’ Ground.” With regard to the actual name of the field I have among some local notes which I have collected, the following :— A.D. 1748. The pieces of land some time since in the occupation of Thomas Edmonds as tenant to Lady Abingdon. (inter alia) 74 acres called Field Ground. A.D. 1752. Same list, with added words “ All which are now in lawful possession of George Wroughton. In A.D. 1779 the above description is not used, but instead “ Lady’s Ground 73 acres.” In 1820. Ladies Ground. 7. 3. 5. acres. In Tithe Award, A.D. 1839, No. 255, Ladies’ Ground, 9. 3. 3. In Ordnance Survey 25 inch, A.D. 1900, it is in two portions, together 9.924 acres, the portion where the bronze spear head (given by the Rev. W. 8. Sykes to the Devizes Museum) was found being No. 252. Catherine, eldest daughter and coheiress of Sir Thomas Chamberlain, of Northbrook, married (1) Rt. Hon. Richard Ld. Viscount Wenman, by whom she had a son, Richard ; (2) Rt. Hon. James, Earl of Abingdon, d. May 22nd, 1699; (3) Francis Wroughton. of Eastcott (in Pewsey). She died Feb. 9th, 1741, and was buried at N. Newnton. W.S. SYKEs. Bronze Age Interment at Lockeridge. The 7imes, Nov. 17th, 1919, noted the discovery of an interment at Lockeridge only 3ft. below the surface, the contents of which passed into the hands of Mr. J. W. Brooke, of Marlborough. The bones were sent up by Mr. Brooke | to Prof. Keith, who (as reported in a local paper of Dec., 1919) replied as follows :—‘‘ Al] the bones you brought to me form parts of one man, all save fragments of the second lower jaw which represents another individual. The condition of the bones and teeth are grey on fracture, dry, stick to the tongue, and may well be Bronze Age, or older, so far as their condition or preservation is concerned. “Only the frontal part of the skull has been preserved, the forehead and vault back to its middle. Also a few fragments of the base. So far as regards shape of the skull we have to rely on the frontal frag- ments. The prominent and strong eyebrow ridges and the width of the frontal bone at its hinder or coronal border, lead me to believe we are dealing with one of the round-headed beaker people. The width of the supra orbital ridges is 102 mm. and the frontal base at its widest, 126 mm. 7 é “There are also preserved the upper and lower jaws with the teeth. There is no caries of the teeth, but their chewing surfaces are ground down in a remarkable and irregular manner, much more than is usual in Bronze Age people. There must have been grit in their meal! The jaws are of the robust type so common in beaker people. Q 2 188 Notes. “As to the age of this man, that is not an easy question to answer, but taking all the signs into consideration I think you may put him down at about 50. He suffered from rheumatic changes in the spine— changes which bent and stiffened his back. In height he was about 5ft. 4in. His thigh bone in its vertical height measures 415mm. It is flattened very much in its upper third, just as the thigh bones of the beaker people, also the long barrow people, usually are. You will see that I am of opinion that you have found one of the round-headed beaker people, but the evidence is not strong enough to allow a decisive verdict.” Accompanying the bones were fragments of an Early Bronze Age drinking cup and a flint dagger of the finest type, resembling Nos. 84 and 856 in the Stourhead Collection, which were found in barrows near Stonehenge and Durrington respectively, the former accompanied by a drinking cup. An Index to Hospitallers’ Properties in Great Britain. For more than ten years past I have been collecting material relating to the ancient properties of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in the British Isles. These consist of printed articles and references to deeds in public or other collections and all other matter mentioning such properties. The following list is compiled as briefly as possible from my MSS. Where architectural remains are known to exist a * precedes the name, but information on this subject is desired respecting places which are not so marked. Templar properties which passed to the Order of St. John are marked T and Commanderies or Preceptories are marked C. Most of the earlier deeds will be found set out zm extenso in that wonderful compilation of J. Delaville le Roulx, Cartulatre General de. © de Vordre des Hospitaliers de S. Jean de Jerusalem 1100—1310,. 4 vols., folio, Paris, 1894—1906. For the middle period we have what I have called The Malta Return of 1338, this is the extremely interesting Return of the Properties made by Prior Philip de Thame to the Grand Master Elgan de Villa- neuve in that year; this not only gives an exact account of the lands and houses held by the Order and their values, but it also estimates | the live stock, and recounts the number of servants employed, and | throws much light upon the daily life of the Knights in England and | it gives the annual amount of Imoney possible to be transmitted to | headquarters in the Mediterranean. This document is still preserved | in the Public Library, Valetta, with a vast number of other ancient documents of the Order, and it has been printed by the Camden Society under the title of ‘‘ Zhe Knights Hospitallers in England,” edited by the Rev. Lambert B. Larking, M.A., and John Mitchell Kemble, M.A., 1857. 7? The next list of importance is the “ Valor Ecclesiasticus”” of Henry i VIII., but this is disappointingly small and would lead one to think } Notes, 189 that the Order had disposed of much of its property during the dis- quieting times of the general dissolution of the religious houses and Henry’s increasing opposition to the Order. Last of all we have the Patent Roll, 4—5, Philipand Mary 15, in which the Queen re-constitutes the Order in England and gives it a large amount of property, all of which one would suppose had previously belonged to them, and yet I have been unable to trace any earlier mention of a very large number of the places so named. List oF DgEps, &c., CONNECTED wITH HosPITALLERS’ PROPERTY IN WILTSHIRE, | Abbreviations used :— B. Baildon transcript of Patent Roll, 4and5 Philip and Mary. C. G. Le Roulx, Cartulasre Genéral. L. & K. Larking & Kemble, Hospztallers in England. M. R. The Malta 1338 Return. Pak: Patent Roll, 4 and 5 Philip and Mary. Poumenisty. ©. Bibliography. ie & K., pp. 7, 22, 215, 229 A. Mifsud “ Knights Hospitallers of Hngland in Malta,” pp. 53, 61. Malta, 1916. Deeds, Letter from Fr. Reg. de Segrave, Preceptor of, to the Grand Master, 1326. British Museum MS. Additional, 11225. M.R. Fifteen acres at Anstey. Record Office, Rot. litt. pat. 22 Edward I. membr. 3, A.D., 1294, No. 4261. Richard I. confirms the possessions of the Hospitallers at Anstey. Record Office ancient Charters, Chancery T. 39, 17th Sept., 1189. C.G., No.878. Henry III. gives to the Hospitallers the right to hunt on their land at Anstey. Record Office Rot. chart., 35 Henry III., membr. 2, A.D. 1251. C. G. No, 2571. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Boyton. Deed. P. R. Membr., 7. B. 71. Bratton. Deed. P.R. Membr.,7. B. 71. Broad Chalke. Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Burbage. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Calne. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Chisenbury (in Enford). Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. * Cricklade. Bibliography. F. 8. Thacker, “ The Stripling Thames,” pp. 326, 462, with plan. London, 1909. Devizes. A correspondent of the Wiltshire Gazette, July 22nd and August 19th, 1920, calls attention to some houses, 31 and 32, Bridewell Street, and suggests that they were the property of the Knights Hospitallers, but it seems that they were more probably a portion of the property of a hospital which was purely a Devizes foundation. Hindon. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Lacock. Deed. P. R. Membr. 8. B. 71.. , Lockeridge (in Overton). T. Bubliography. L. & K., p. 187. Deed. M. R. Marlborough. Deed. P. BR: Membr. 7. B. 71. North Bradley. Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Rushall. Deed. P.W. Membr. 7. B. 7). 190 Motes ea : Salisbury. Deed. Pb. R. Membr. 7. —B. 71. Stockton. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Swallowcliff. Bibliography. L. & K., p.7. Deed. M. R. Temple Rockley (in Ogbourne St. Andrew) T. Bzrbliography. L. & K., p. 187: Deeds, M. R., P. R. Membr. 8. B. 71. Trowbridge. Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Warminster. Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. West Lavington. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Whitborne (in Corsley). Deed. P.R. Membr. 8. B. 71. Worton. Deed. P.R. Membr. 7. B. 71. Wylye. Deed. P. R. Membr. 7. B. 71. For any further information as to any properties of the Order in — Wiltshire, addressed to me at St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, London, : E.C. 1, I should be grateful. H. W. FINcHAM. Buckler Drawings of Great Chalfield. Mr. R. Fuller possesses the following drawings of Great Chalfield by Buckler, uniform ’ with those in the Society’s collection :—Church and House on the. N.W., 1808. Church and House from the N.E., 1823. Ground Plan; Church and House from N.W.; East end of House; Interior of Hall ; all of 1823. Bronze Age interment at Ratfyn, Amesbury. In June, | 1920, the workmen employed by the Board of Agriculture in the erection of Pisé and other cottages at Amesbury, whilst excavating — a pit for building material about 175 yards N.E. of Ratfyn Barrow © (Amesbury, No. 57), cut into a skeleton at a depth of about 2ft. 3in. from the surface, the grave being about 7ft. long. A second skeleton was found at the feet of the first and this skeleton Mr. Percy Farrer extracted with hisown hands. He says “‘ The bones had been somewhat disturbed, the lower jaw, for instance, lying about 6in, away from the | skull. It appeared as if the body had been dropped in anyhow, for the © skull actually rested on the thigh bone. . . . Close to the place where the head of the first skeleton lay, the workmen, in my presence, turned up _ the stone axe head. . . . Close to the grave on the N. side is a pitg : filled with dark soil, which contained some fragments of charcoal. — : . The excavation cuts through a wide shallow trench about 9ft 6in, wide, and 18in. to 2lin. deep at centre, about 15ft. away from the N. © end of the grave. In the N.W. sideof thie excavation was found, I under- | stand, an urn containing bones. ‘The bones had all crumbled in the” urn, which was in a very shallow hole, not more than 15in. deep, and : was in fragments. I collected some of the fragments. . . . It hag” : been suggested that the interment was previously under a barrow, now destroyed by cultivation, the wide trench being part of the ditch a the barrow. ‘This of course is possible.” The site was visited by the Rev. G. H. Engleheart, Mr. Mill Stephenson, and Mr. R. Newall, and they agreed that it was a crouched burial of the Bronze Age. Me Engleheart writes that the perforated stone axe-hammer “‘is a fine and | perfect specimen, made of dark green-gray close-grained quartzite, andy ie Notes, S 191 is very similar to the one figured in Evans’ Ancient Stone Implements, 2nd Hdition, p. 194, fig. 126.” The bones of the skeleton, much broken up, and a few fragments of apparently more than one urn of Bronze Age pottery, the fragments showing old and not recent fractures, have been sent to the Salisbury . iipecin. and it is understood that the axe- hammer will be placed there also. Coppie of a Booke of the Survey of the Devizes Old Parke & every man’s name in particular taken Aprill the Sth. In the Yeare of Our Lord 1654. By John May. [Presented to the Museum, with a vellum map, by Mr. J. T. Jackson. 1900. ] Ae Re) Be 1. William Collings houldeth Twelve Parcells of Ground lying at the South west part of the : Parke contayning inall 27— 3—0 2, Richarde Streete houldeth 4 grounds next ad- joyning Eastward contayning by measure 10—2—2 3. Robert Pope & William Bunny hould Sixe Grounds at the West end of the Parke con- tayninge 42—2—9 4, Mr. Stephen White ho uldeth Nine grounds lying towards Cane hill that was Potters contayning 62—3—39 And Mr. Stephen White houldeth Seven other Grounds called the Lodge Grounds with the Ground about the Lodge contayninge 41—2—24 And Mr. White houldeth Sixe other Grounds shooting upon Black Water contayning 31—1—32 6. William Dicke houldeth Sixe Grounds that were Batemans shootinge towards Blacke Water contayninge 46—2—33 And William Dicke houldeth sixe other Grounds lying in the South side of the Castle con- tayning Pi |=) 6. Mr. Anthony Martin houldeth ate Grounds lying Kast of William Dike that were Bate- mans contayninge 53—2—1 7. Mr. John Kent houldeth one dwelling house with five Grounds lying at Cane hill & in Compton’s hands contayning 17—3—19 And Mr. John Kent houldeth Three other Grounds contayning 10—3-—26 8. iidinoad Potter houldeth five parcells ofGround contayning 12—3—14 9. William Alford houldeth Sixe Grounds con- tay ning 23—0—13 192 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20: Notes. Mris Flower houldeth one little cottage house with two little Grounds thereunto adjoyning contayning Henry Barrett houldeth five Grounds contayning Mr. Edward Peirce & Thomas Potter hould one dwelling house with one orchard adjoyning ; and one other little dwelling house & nine Parcells of Ground lyinge in the North side of the Brooke contayning And Mr. Edward Peirce houldeth Ten Parcells of Ground lying in ye South side of the Brooke contayning Mr. Richard Peirce houldeth fower Groundes contayning William Barnes houldeth five Grounds con- tayning John Munday houldeth Eight Grounds con- tayning John Overton houldeth One Ground contayning Mr. Thomas Kent houldeth fower Groundes contayning Mr. John Tayler houldeth Seven Groundes con- tayning Mr. John Eyles houldeth one orchard and Sixe little meadowes, and the north west Browe ° of the Castle contayninge John Spencer th’elder houldeth all ye rest of the Castle with the Gardens that are next the Towne & all the rest of the Gardens con- tayning Edward Effington houldeth one dwelling house together with one Garden and a Bowling Alley contayning There is alsoe one little Plott of Ground at Mr. John Kents orchards end & in his Possession contayning Alsoe one little Plott of garden ground lying at the East end of the Castle Meade and shooting into the T’owne Carden and is be- longinge to the Parke contayning The whole number of Acres belonginge to the Devizes Old Parke & Castle is Sixe hundred & Seven acres, Three Roodes & five & thirty Perches. When you finde the letters A: R: P: standing over the head of the figures in the Mapp; 5—1—20 One day 298—3—39 795 1-16 11-939 13—3-=13 Pe 15 18—2—38 Sisal pap 14—-0—20 20 020 00-110 0—I—10 Av SeRe UP: 607—3—-35 Notes. 193 Know that the letter A standeth for acres : The letter R. standeth for Roodes or Quarters of an acre: and the letter P. standeth for Perches Poles or Luggs. [Transcribed from the MS. copy on two.sheets of paper—of apparently about the date of the original, in the Society’s Library. E. H. G.] Objects from Barrows in Scratchbury Camp. In the centre of Scratchbury Camp, and within the inner oval entrenchment marked by Hoare in his plan of this camp in Ancient Wilts, Vol. L,, p. 68. is a barrow of which (p. 70) he says, “ Within this work (the inner earthwork) is a large circular barrow, No. 1 (on plan) but not above three feet in elevation. It contained an interment of burned bones, with which were deposited a small lance head of brass, a large amber ring, above fifty beads of the same material, a piece of brass two or three inches long, resembling a screw, and another bit of twisted brass, all of which are preserved in the Museum of Miss Benet at Norton House. . , . No. 2 contained, within a cist in the chalk, an interment of burned bones, and some articles of bone, two of which were about 2 inches long, and flat, and the third was either a pin or arrowhead, neatly polished to a very sharp point.” These barrows in the “List of Prehistoric Antiquities,’ Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxviii, 296, are numbered ‘“‘ Norton Bavant I. and II.,” and when the “ List” was compiled in 1913 the present whereabouts of the objects found was not | known, and it was stated that they were lost. Major Vere Benett Stanford, of Hatch House, Tisbury, however, writing in 1915, conveyed | the welcome intelligence that a number of them are still preserved in | a case in the drawing room at Hatch House. He subsequently sent me details and sketches of these objects, from which it appears that amongst them are part of a bronze pin, 12in. in length, with round flat top and projecting knop on the stem, which is ornamented with ribs, figured by Dr. Thurnam from Hoare’s “ Unpublished Plates” in Archeologia, XLIIL., p. 468, fig. 169 and in Evans’ Bronze, p. 369, fig. 455; and a bronze awl or pin, with spiral twisted point, broken off, and square tang, 12in. in length, also figured by Thurnam from the same source, p. 466, fig. 167 ; which are doubtless the “piece of brass resembling a screw” and “another bit of twisted brass” mentioned by Hoare. There are also preserved at Hatch the “large amber ring,” 12in. in outside diameter ; twenty of the fifty smaller amber beads, the narrow point of a bronze knife or dagger, 1din in length, perhaps a part of the “small lance head of brass two or three inches long,” and a curious bone pin, 3Zin. long, with three holes in the head, which says Major Vere Benett Stanford “ fits into the hollow of a longer piece of bone.” There is also a curious piece of bone about Ifin. long, with a hole bored through each end, and between these perforations two worked hollows not perforating the bone. These bone objects probably are those mentioned by Hoare as found in barrow 2 (Norton Bavant IZ.). There are also at Hatch House a flint arrow or lance head “ of 194 Wilts Obituary. exceptionally fine work,” 13in. in length, a “fine bronze celt about 4in. long, and a bronze spoon, the bowl broken.” ; E. H. Gopparp. Amphora from Stratford-sub-Castle. Major V. Benett Stanford also wrote (1914) that his father, Capt. J. Benett Stanford, many years ago bought from an old man at Stratford-sub-Castle a large two-handled Roman amphora of thick pottery about 3ft. 6in. high, the pointed base of which is broken off. This had been found somewhere in the neighbourhood. WILTS OBITUARY. Norman John Wills, died Jan. 6th, 1920, aged 51. Buried in London Road Cemetery, Salisbury. Born in Cornwall, he came to Salisbury in 1890, as Head Master of the New National Schools at St. Mark’s, where he remained until his death, prominent in everything that went on at St. Mark’s, choir master, lay reader, conductor of the children’s services, an able teacher and organiser, he won the esteem of all classes in Salisbury. Obit notice, Salisbury Journal, Jan. 10th, 1920. Herbert Mundy, died April 25th, 1920, aged 68. Buried at Trow- bridge. S. of George Mundy, b. at Trowbridge, Dec. 21st, 1851. Educated at Trowbridge Grammar School, began life as clerk in the office of J. Graham Foley, auctioneer, where he remained all his life, becoming senior partner in the firm of Foley, Son, and Mundy. He never married. He took a very active and useful part in the life of Trowbridge ; he was for twenty years a member of the Urban Council, and since 1907 had served as churchwarden of the Parish Church. He was also a prominent Freemason. A long obit. notice, with portrait, Wiltshire Times, May Ist ; Wiltshire Gazette, April 29th, 1920. Edward Laver, died April 25th, 1920, aged 67. B. at Rowde, April 4th, 1853, s. of James Laver. Apprenticed in Waltshire Independent office. After a short time spent at Merthyr he returned to Devizes and joined the staff of the Devizes Advertiser, with which he continued till his death, as foreman, reporter, acting editor, and manager. . He served in the Wilts Volunteers from 1869 to 1901, rising to the rank of Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant., a post in which he showed much organizing ability. He did good service as a Guardian and in other capacities. He took an active part on the Liberal-side in politics. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, April 29th, 1920, Henry Theodore Cookson, died June 9th, 1920, aged 61. Buried at Corsley. B. 23rd July, 1859, fifth son of W. I. Cookson, of Benwell Tower, Northumb. Married d. of John Woods, Benton Hall, Northumb. Wilts Obituary, 195 Was long a member of the County Council, and J.P. for Wilts. He lived at Sturford Mead. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, June 17th, 1920. Lieut. Brian Richardson Yockney, died June Ist, 1920, from phthisis contracted on service, aged 25. Buried at Wandsworth. Second s. of Capt. W. A. Yockney, of Chippenham. Joined Wilts Yeomanry as trooper on outbreak of war, and received commission in Royak Anglesey R.K. in 1915. Served in Egypt, France, and in the Army of Occupation on the Rhine. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, June 10th, 1920. William Mackay, died at Polebarn House, Trowbridge, July 15th, 1920, aged 84. Buried at Trowbridge. B. April 25th, 1836, eldest s. of Donald Mackay, of Braemore, Caithness. Married d. of W. H. Tucker, who, died many years ago. Associated with firm of W. H. Tucker & Co, clothiers, as partner, and afterwards head of the firm. _J.P. for Wilts. He never took any prominent part in public matters. | A Conservative and churchman. His daughters, wives of Major Reeves, R.F.A., and Rev. N. Thwaites, Vicar of Holy Trinity, Trowbridge, | survive him. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, July 17th, 1920. Lucy Mackay, died Aug. ist, 1920, aged 77. Buried at Trowbridge Cemetery. D. of W. H. Tucker, of Frome. Born at Trowbridge, 1843. Wife of Alexander Mackay, and since his death, twenty-five years ago, sole owner of the Ashton and Lower Court Woollen Mills, (Messrs, Palmer & Mackay,) Trowbridge. Greatly respected in Trow- bridge. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, Aug. 7th, 1920. John Frederick Stancom), DiedJuly, 1920, buried at Trowbridge, Called to the Bar 1873, and joined the Western Circuit. J.P. for Wilts, 1883. Chairman of the Melksham bench. Lived at Shaw House. A giver to good objects at Shaw and Melksham. He built and presented the Institute to Shaw, and was a generous supporter of the Cottage Hospital, Reading Rooms, Territorials, and other public institutions at Melksham. Obit. notice, Waltshire Gazette, July 29th and Aug. 5th, 1920. Edwin Charles Beaven, died Aug. 25th, 1920. Buried at Holt. Youngest s. of ‘Fhomas Beaven, he was all his life connected with the firm of Messrs. J. & T. Beaven, Ltd., wool staplers and leather dressers, a firm which has existed for over two hundred years. J.P. for Wilts. In 1889 President of the Wilts and Hast Somerset Congregational Union, one of the founders and chief supporters of the Congregational School at Holt, and held the posts of senior deacon, hon. organist, &c., at the Congregational Church, to which his death is a great loss. Married Frances Mary, d. of G. B. Ellison, of Birkenshaw, Yorks. 196 23 Wilts Obituary. Obit. notices, Wiltshire Times, Aug. 28th; Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 2nd, 1920, Capt. James Thomas Bradfield, aged 26? Killed in action against hostile Arabs at Sharaban, Mesopotamia, Aug., 1920. B. at Marlborough, apprenticed as a carpenter. Joined Territorial Batt., Som. Light Infantry, went to India, Dec., 1914, thence to Andaman Islands, where he received commission. After being invalided home he went to Mesopotamia with Ist/4th Somersets. Appointed assistant political officer and promoted Captain 1920. He was in command of a company of Arab Levies, over whom he had great influence. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 26th, 1920. frank Bazley, died Sept. 11th, 1920. Buried at Devizes Cemetery. B. 1861, at Falkland, near Norton St. Philip, Som. S. of a well-known veterinary surgeon, he qualified M.R.C.V.S. London, and came to Devizes in 1885 to practice as a veterinary surgeon, gradually developing a very wide and well-known practice. He took a leading part in the movement for a more efficient training of shoeing smiths in the county. He married Florence Pike, of Hilperton. He possessed a remarkable collection of horseshoes, As ‘veterinary surgeon he held responsible official posts, and was much esteemed in the Devizes neighbourhood. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 16th, 1920. — Dr. John Tubb Thomas, L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S., D.P.H., died Sept. 27th, 1920. Buried at Risca, Mon. S of Will. Thomas, of Trevethin, Mon. B.1855. Educated Queen’s Coll., Cork, Edinburgh,and Cambridge. Held Commissions in Ist Worcester, 1st Monmouthshire, and 1st Devon Artillery Volunteers. Played Rugby football for Wales and Ireland. One of the founders of the Wilts Bowls Association. He had travelled much. Was appointed the first Medical Officer of Health for Wilts by the County Council in 1899. He had previously held similar posts at Lowestoft and in Leicestershire. He was obliged by failing health to resign his post in Feb., 1920. He frequently congfributed to the medical press. He married a daughter of Evan Cross, of Risca, Mon. Obit. notice, with portrait, Weltshire Times, Oct. 2nd, 1920. Jacob Selman, died Oct. 21st, 1920. Buried at Kington Langley. B. Oct. 29th, 1848, at Kington Langley, he farmed Clapcote Farm, Grittleton, for 23 years, returning to live at Kington Langley when he gave it up. A successful and very practical farmer, he sat on the County Council for many years and was a member of several of the committees, on which he rendered good service. He held many other posts and was held in much respect. Until advancing age prevented him, he was a regular attendant of the Wilts Archeological Society’s meetings and excursions. He leaves a widow, three sons, and six daughters. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Oct. 28th, 1920. 197 WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES. : {N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in any way connected with the county, to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally, to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. | The Boundaries of the Administrative County of Wilts, with an Introduction and Four Maps, by Lord Fitzmaurice and W. LL. Bown. Printed by George Philip & Son. [1920.| Wrappers, 4to, pp., including title, 28. Four coloured Maps of the County, “ Showing Hundreds,” “Showing Highway Divisions (under the Act of 1864),” ‘‘Showing Unions & Sanitary Divisions in 1878, including Overlapping Areas,” “ Showing Modern Divisions.” This most useful work traces in detail the evolution of the adminis- trative divisions of the County, from the Hundred, which consisted of a number of parishes, themselves frequently divided into Tithings. “ Many of these parishes and some to an almost incredible extent, lay scattered about in small pieces lying apart from each other. Some 4 parishes were also situated in more than one county. There was also a considerable amount of extra-parochial land, and some liberties and forests.” This condition of things continued until 1832, when the detached areas were merged in the counties by which they were sur- rounded, and Parliament “began to attempt to establish a system of County ‘and Local Government.” The effects of the various Acts passed since the New Poor Law of 1834, and the Highway Act of 1835, are very carefully described, down to the present time, with the existing machinery of Local Government which has resulted from them, together with the changes in County and Parish boundaries and the formation of the administrative areas of the Unions, &c. It is noted that Wiltshire ‘“‘in some remote period of history during pre-Norman times, was cut out of the ancient kingdom of Wessex and was formed into a subordinate administrative area or shire.” The decision as to what was included init, . . . probably depended mainly on the liability of manors for military service, and on the payment of tithes and attendance on the County Courts.” In the reign of William the Conqueror “ Waleran the Huntsman” transferred certain “ yardlands ” on the border of the New Forest from Hampshire into Wiltshire. At an inquiry under the Acts of 1888 and 1894, at Fordingbridge, the opinion was expressed by some of the witnesses that these “ yardlands ” were represented by the Wiltshire parish of Bramshaw which projected into Hampshire, and which it was then proposed to transfer from 198 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Wiltshire into Hampshire, as was subsequently done. From the time of this early transaction until 1832 no evidence exists of any change in the area of the County having taken place.” The contents of the book are as follows :—“ Alterations of County Boundary,” ‘ Alterations of Borough Boundaries,” “ Alterations in Union Boundaries, ‘Orders under Divided Parishes Act, 1876,” “Orders under Local Government Acts, 1888 and 1894,” ‘ List of Parishes Merged in other Parishes,” “ List of New Parishes created,” ‘Parliamentary Divisions, 1918,’ “ List of Hundreds.” . The authors have provided a vast amount of intricate information, difficult to get at from other sources, and have given us a Series of extremely clear and excellent coloured maps, which show at a glance the divisions at different periods. Sherston. Trinity Tuesday Fair. On June Ist, 1920, the festivities on Trinity Tuesday, which had been suspended since the outbreak of the war in 1914, were held again for the first time. ‘The Wiltshire Gazette, June 3rd, 1920, reports :—“‘ At 6.30 in the evening the hum and bustle of the pleasure fair suddenly ceased, and a Court Leet and Court Baron was held,the officials mounting on to the platform of a roundabout to address the parishioners, of whom, and visitors to the village on pleasure bent, there was quitea multitude. Mr.George Henry Hill, as bailiff to the lord of the manor, opened the court leet, in the performance of which ancient custom was observed. The court leet was rendered necessary to confirm the bailiff’s action in granting permission to the amusement caterers to pitch in Sherston Street. The bailiff thrice rang the bell, and then the formula was ‘“ Oyez ! Oyez! Oyez! Mr. Chairman, homagers, and jurymen of the court leet and court baron of Charles Richard Estcourt Cresswell, Esquire, lord of the manor of Sherston Magna—you have been sum- moned here to remove the barrier placed upon these amusement caterers for the duration of the war, and to fulfil your promise to the people of Sherston that their ancient rights should be restored tothem. Gentlemen | of the Jury, I ask-you to do this in the name of the lord of the manor. ~ God save the King.” | The Dead Drummer. By 6. M. Ellis. A short but interesting article in the Daily Sketch, June 9th, 1920, giving the true story of the murder of the drummer boy immortalised in The Ingoldsby Legends. Jarvis Matcham was born at Frodingham, Yorks, in the eighteenth century, began life as a stable boy, entered the Navy, deserted, joined the army, deserted again, and again enlisted in the | 49th Foot. Whilst stationed at Huntingdon with a recruiting party in August, 1780, he was sent with a drummer boy named Benjamin Jones, aged 15 or 16, to Diddington, to obtain some subsistence money. On their return he induced the boy to go out of the way towards Alconbury, and at a lonely spot—still called Matcham’s, Bridge—knocked him down and cut his throat for the sake of the £7 he was carrying. Matcham fled, and enlisted again in the Navy, and saw much active Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 199 service under Hood and Rodney. Paid off at Plymouth in 1786 he proceeded with a shipmate towards Salisbury, when, during a violent thunderstorm at night he thought he sawthe apparition of the murdered drummer boy beating his\drum. He confessed his crime of six years before, was taken to the Salisbury magistrates, who committed him for trial at Huntingdon, where he was executed Aug. 2nd, 1786, his body being grbbeted on Alconbury Hill. Sir Walter Scott told the story of the apparition to Mrs. Hughes, wife of Canon Hughes, of St. Paul’s, the grandmother of Thomas Hughes, author of Tom Brown. She was a great friend of Richard Harris Barham and inspired many of the “Ingoldsby Legends.” In a note to the ‘“‘ Dead Drummer” Barham stated that the names and localities had been scrupulously retained, and he gave minute directions to George Cruikshank as to the Ulustrations which he was to design. “Scene. Salisbury Plain, bare and without trees ; a cross-road with a direction post, one index marked “© To Lavington,’ the other ‘To Devizes’; beneath it the Ghost of a Drummer Boy beatiug his drum,” &c., &e. ‘The site was to the east of Tilshead, “where the Lavington Road branch’d off to the left from from the one to Devizes.” The murder itself, as has been said, took place near Huntingdon—though the apparition appeared on Salisbury Plain. Date of Sir Thomas Laurence’s birth. In an article by Edward Kite on “The Early Days of Sir Thomas Lawrence” in the Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th, 1920 (noticed Wilts Arch. Mag., xli., 92), which also appeared in the Connoisseur, April, 1920, the date of the artist’s birth was given as May 6th, 1769. In the June, 1920, number of the Connozsseur, p. 103, Mr. Richard Quick, of Bristol Museum, corrects this date to April 13th, 1769, and justifies his correction by a photograph of a page of baptisms in 1769 in the baptismal register of the Church of St. Philip, Bristol, showing this entry, ‘“‘ May 4, Thos., son of Thomas Laurence.” The date (April 13th) he says is given on his gravestone in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and also on an engraving by R. Rowbotham of the house No. 6 Red Cross Street, Bristol, where. he was born. Latimer, in the Annals of Bristol, he says, is wrong in giving the date of the birth as May 5th and the baptism May 6th. In Wilts Gazette, June 17th, Mr. Kite writes again, stating that he gave the date of May 6th on the ground that the artist’s father, Thomas Laurence, sen., writing to the Rev. Henry Kent in April, 1790, says that his son “will be one and twenty the 6th of May,” but acknowledging the difficulty of reconciling this with the page of the register. It can hardly be doubted that the register is right and that Thomas Laurence, sen., was wrong. Seend Monumental Inscriptions. In the Genealogist, Jan., 1920, N.S., Vol. XXXVI, Pt. IIL, pp. 126—133, Mr. Arthur Schombere gives abstracts of the wills of Wadham Locke (June 27th, 1775) ; Bridgen Locke (Feb. 24th, 1789); Thomas Locke (Feb. 14th, 1798) ; Wadham Locke, (April 22nd, 1799); Commissioner Isaac Schomberg, R.N. (June 12th, 1807) ; Charles Bythesea (Dec. 3rd, 1819). 200 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. William Lamplugh, Rector of Alton Barnes, died Nov. 2nd, 1737. aged 37. His arms and an inscription to his memory, which says that he rebuilt the Parsonage House, is in the glass of a north window in the Church. A short note on his life by A. Schomberg appeared in Misc. Glen. et Her., 2nd Ser., Vol. IV., p. 146, The Will of John de Bleobury, with short notes on his life by Edward Kite and Arthur Schomberg, is printed in Msc. Gen. et Her., Dec.,1919. He held some appointment under Bp. William de Edington, and in 1358 held the living of Market {Lavington, then in the gift of the Bishop. He was a liberal benefactor of the College of Augustinian Friars formed by the Bishop at Edington, granting to the Rector and the Brethren of the house property in Coleshill and Burcote (Co. Berks). He also leaves bequests to John de Aylesbury, the first rector, and each inmate of the house, in his will. Bishop Edington, dying in 1366, appoints Bleobury, the Rector of Witney. Oxon, one of his executors. Dying himself in 1372, he appoints as his own executors Thomas Hungerford and John Corf, KRector~—of Collingbourne Abbatis. He was buried at Shillingford, Berks. In Pursuit of Spring by Edward Thomas. Thomas Nelson and Sons, London, Edinburgh, Dubin, and New York. [1914] Cloth, 8vo, pp. 301. Bird’s-eye map of country inside cover. Six illustrations. This is the literary record of a journey on a bicycle from London to the Quantock Hills, at, Easter time. Of the ten chapters four have more or less to do with Wiltshire :—‘ From Dunbridge over Salisbury Plain,” “Three Wessex Poets,” “The Avon, the Biss, the Frome,” and “Trowbridge to Shepton Mallet.” The traveller enters Wiltshire at West Dean on p. 130, goes on through Salisbury, over the Plain to Lavington, by Erlestoke, Tinhead, Edington, Steeple Ashton, Semington, Melksham,Trowbridge, Bradford, Wingfield, and Farleigh Hungerford, and so out of the county on page 218. The chapter on the three “ Wessex” Poets, Stephen Duck, William Barnes, and Thomas Hardy, is probably the best in the book—the rest of the book is readable prattle of what the author felt like, who he met, what they said, with here and there the impression a place made on him, or a tombstone (he is fond of tombstones, but not of Churches), and occasional quotations of verse appropriate to the occasion. Salisbury Cathedral, Commemoration of the 700th Anniversary of the Foundation, on June 24th, 1920. The great service attended by thirty-two Bishops, between six hundred and seven hundred Freemasons, a very large number of Clergy, and the Mayors of Wilts and Dorset, was fully described in the Salisbury Times, June 25th, Salisbury Journal, June 26th, the Waltshire Telegraph of June 26th, the Waltshire Gazette, July 1st, and other Wiltshire papers. The sermon preached by Bp. C. H. Brent, of Western Wiltshire Books,~ Pamphlets, and Articles. 201 New York, was printed in full in the Salisbury Journal (which gave two illustrations, The Procession of Bishops leaving the Cathedral, and the Group of the Bishop of Salisbury and Visiting Bishops at the door of the Palace), and in Wiltshire Gazette, July 8th, 1920. The Bishop traces the influence of the cult of the Virgin Mary in the 13th century as the moving influence in the great outburst of Church building of that age, especially as seen in the splendid group of Mary Churches in England and Northern France ; dwelling, too, on the great names of the past connected with Salisbury—“ for Salisbury has been a nursery of leaders in the English Church.” Tho Salisbury Times, June 25th, 1920, gave a remarkable view from an aeroplane of the Cathedral and Palace; also an article by F. S(tevens), sketching the history of the founding and building of the Cathedral, and further notes on the subsequent history of the building, with a translation of the Bull of Pope Honorius authorizing the removal from Old to New Sarum. An article on “Salisbury Cathedral,” by Canon J. M. Fletcher shortly sketching its history, and mentioning the more prominent ' amongst those who have held prebendal stalls, appeared in the Morning Post, and was reprinted in full in the Wiltshire Gazette of June 24th, 1920, whilst another article by the same author, “ The Grace of Sarum,” sketching the history of the diocese and the removal from Old to New Sarum, appeared in The Times, June 24th, 1920. The Wild Boar in Savernake. An interesting letter from J. E. Harting appears in the Zimes Literary Supplement, Oct. 30th, 1919, protesting against the statement in a review of a book on hunting in the issue of Oct. 16th that “The Wild Boar became extinct in England in. the twelfth century.” Mr. Harting quotes several entries in accounts of the reign of Hen. VIII. showing that there were wild boars in Durham as late as 1533, and that they were commonly hunted in Elizabeth’s reign. James I. eat ‘“‘ Wild Boar pye” at Whalley, in Lancashire, in 1617, and hunted boars at Windsor in the same year. When Hen. VIII. visited Wulfhall in 1539 and 1543 the ‘‘ Household Book” of Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford, contains this entry :— ** Paid to Morse and Grammatts for helping to take the Wylde Swyne in the forrest 44. And for 8 hempen halters to bynd their legs 4°.” The latest entry known to Mr. Harting which refers to Wild Boars in England isin 1683, in an account book of the Manor of Chartley. Some French animals were turned down in the New Forest by Ch. I., but were destroyed, says Aubrey, in the Civil Wars, and a similar fate befel some German boars turned out in the forests of Wolmer and Alice Holt by Gen. Howe in 1793. Bromham, Potterne, and Seend Churches were visited by the Bath Branch of the Somerset Arch. Society, and some account of the visit with good short notes on the three Churches is given in The Bath Herald, June 19th, 1920. At Bromham the Vicar exhibited “The lid of a 12th century incense boat still bearing traces of the | vou. XLI.—NO. CXXXIII. P 202 Restoring Stonehenge. The Wiltshire News, Sept. 24th, 1920, Avebury Church. In reference to the passage from the N. aisle to Windmill Hill, Avebury, and Grimes Graves: Cores | Wiltshire Books, Pamphtets, and Articles. colours of the old enamelling. It was found many years ago in ex- cavating by a workman whose conscience some time afterwards pricked him and he gave it to his Vicar, Canon Thynne, at Seend, and Canon Thynne eventually restored it to Bromham. The Society of Antiquaries had examined it and said it was undoubtedly 12th century.” At Potterne the Vicar mentioned the fact that quite recently five skeletons had been dug up in ‘‘the old Churchyard” in the village which marked the site of the original chapel attached to the Bishop’s manor before the existence of the present Church. reprints from the World’s Work for Sept. a long article by Harold J. Shepstone, F.R.G.S., on the work now being carried out at Stonehenge. So far fas the actual operations are concerned they are quite well described at some length—and the discovery of the ‘‘ Aubrey holes,” &c., is noted correctly—but in his general account of the monument and its plan the writer has got hopelessly mixed up between sarsens and blue stones, circles and trilithons. Apparently he visited the site, made confused notes, on what he saw of the monument, and then wrote | his article without consulting any plan of the structure at all. It is incredible that any Wiltshire newspaper should have reprinted such a description without comment. the chancel at Avebury (and at Hilmarton, Bremhill, and Gt. Somerford) Mr. J. Lee Osborn writes in Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 19th, 1920, that these passages could not have been “ glorified squints,” as some have suggested, for they do not, in several cases at least, bear on the altar at all; at Somerford the passage bears west of the altar rails. Nor, he says, could they have been for processional purposes, for “in none of © the Churches named would there be room for a procession, with | banners, crosses, and other adjuncts of a procession.” “The reason © for the arrangement probably was this:—at the east end of the ad- | joining aisle would be a side altar which would be screened off (or in | the case of country Churches more likely curtained off) from the nave: | and the priest carrying the hest from the high altar to the side | altar, instead of having to pass down through the rood screen round } this parclose could proceed direct by means of thisambulatory passage.” | He mentions Guildford (Surrey) and Dursley (Gloucs.) as having | similar passages. and Choppers. By the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall, | F.S.A. Proc. Prehist. Soc. of East Anglia, Vol. | III, 192—199, $3 plates of flints. Mr Kendall jj describes and figures a large number of flints of this type from Windmill | Hill and compares them with those from Grimes Graves, Norfolk, | concluding that they are of the same workmanship and presumably of | Wulishire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 203 the same age, and that is of the Neolithic period. Quite apart from this conclusion the paper is valuable as illustrating very completely the flints of this type from Windmill Hill. The flints at Grimes Graves are much larger than those from Windmill Hill, because the material at the former is so much larger than that at the latter site. Rev. H. G. O. Kendall, F §.A.,has also a paper on “ Grimes Graves : Floors 47 to 59.” Proc. Prehist. Soc. of Hast Anglia, Vol. III., 290—305. Five plates of flints, some of them from Windmill Hill, Avebury, for comparison, tending to show the Neolithic Age of both sites. The Windmill Hill flints must be Neolithic, as a good many have been found made from broken pieces of polished celts. ‘This paper describes the result of recent diggings at Grimes Graves. Tan Hill Fair. A good descriptive article, except that the date is wrongly given, in The 7imes, July 30th, 1920. (Marlborough College) ‘‘Summer Work and Play at Marlborough.” Art. in Z7%mes, July 27th, 1920, on the effect of the war on the School, the present tendencies amongst the boys, and the development of variety in the subjects of study. Sale of the Huth Library, formed by Mr. Henry Huth, and added to by his son, Mr. Huth, of Fosbury Manor. ‘The seventh portion of the Huth Library, of which the sale was conducted at Messrs. Sotheby’s on July 9th, 1918, brought the gross total up to £239,076 12s., plus the fine series of Shakspeare items, sold privately to Mr. A. S. Cochrane, and now housed in the Elizabethan Club at Yale University. The price paid for the Shakespeariana is believed to have been about £30,000. The sale of the library began in Nov., 1911, and one portion has been sold each year except in 1915. The library is believed to have cost about £120,000. Mr. Alfred Huth bequeathed to the British Museum the “first pick” of fifty volumes from the library. The prices of the principal lots in the recent sale are given in the Times Literary Supplement, July 18th, 1918. The ninth and final portion of the Huth Library was sold by Messrs. , Sotheby on June 22nd—25th, 1920. The first part was sold in Nov., 1911. The library was formed by Henry Huth and housed in a specially-constructed wing of his house in Ennismore Gardens, 60ft. x 30ft., with iron doors and concrete roof. The library was added to by Henry Huth’s son, Alfred H. Huth, as keen a bibliophile as his father, and was removed to Fosbury Manor, Wilts. Some account of the rarities ig given in Zvmes Literary Supplement, May 20th, 1920. ‘“‘Catalogue of valuable Books selected from the Library at Wilton House... Comprising rare Americana . . . English Literture of the Tudor and Stuart Periods . . . Devotional and Controversial works by English and Scotch writers . . . Karly Works on Fine Arts; Broadsides & Pw 204 Wiltshire Books, Pumphlets and Articles, Tracts; Voyages & Travels ; a large coltediten of Elzevirs; &. . . sold by Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson, & Hodge |. >. 15th March, 1920, and two following days.” Royal 8vo, pp. 62. ‘Some Old Honses in Devizes. By Ed. Kite. A series of Articles in Wiltshire Gazette, 1920. No. 1. Brownston House, Devizes. Jan. 15th, 1920. A good article on the history of this house, built by Thomas Browne, whose initials, T. B., with the date 1720, are seen on the heads of the rainwater pipes. He is believed to have been a barrister, and was still resident. — here in 1736. At the back, however, some of the windows with stone mullions and transoms are of earlier date. Before the building of the present house, a Mr. Bayley (? Thomas Bayley, gent., who died 1603) lived here in 1570, and Christopher Henton gent., in 1613. Later still a member of the Filkes family is mentioned. John Garth, son of © Col. Thomas Garth, of Harold (Beds.), and his wife, Elizabeth, d. of © Thomas Colleton, of Barbadoes, became Recorder of Devizes, 1732, and 7 - M.P. for the Borough, 1741 to 1757, and again from 1761 to his death © in 1764, at the age of 63. He lived in Brownston House, and there is © a mural monument to him and his widow, Rebecca, in St. Mary’s © Church. Two of his sons, George and Thomas Garth, were Generals, © the latter being Equerry to Geo. III. The eldest daughter married ~ John Fullerton, Rector of All Cannings. Charles, eldest s. of John and Rebecca, succeeded his father as Recorder, and as M.P. for Devizes 1765 to 1780. He resided at Brownston House in 1773, and died at | Walthamstow 1784. After his mother’s death the house was apparently © bought by the Locke family. Wadham Locke married, 1779, Ann, d.~ of James Sutton, of Devizes, and their son, Wadham, born here 1780, ~ afterwards bought Rowdeford and built the present house there 1812. 7 He was M.P. for Devizes, 1832, until his death in 1835. Charles © Trinder, a physician, Miss Bidwell, who kept a boarding school for’ | young ladies, were successive occupiers, and in 1901 it was bought by | the present owners and occupiers, the Misses Milman. Y No, 2. The Lamb Inn and houses adjoining. (Feb. 12th.) Inthe 7 18th century this inn, which has a modern front, bore the sign of “The } Scribbling Horse,” “A corruption of Scribbling herse, the latter term | denoting the frame in which the cloth, when first made, was stretched, | in order that it might be scribbled (¢.e., cleared by the teasel from all | its inequalities), an operation formerly done by hand, but now by | machinery.” This sign, as well as those of the “ Hand and Shears,” | now the “New Market Tavern,” and ‘‘ The Woolpack,” witness to the | extent of the clothing trade of Devizes. Incidentally Mr. Kite mentions | that the earliest record of this trade is in 1315, when Devizes clothiers | exported their “Cloth of Ghent” to St. Omer, where the English merchants then had their staple. In 1756 Lt.-Gen. James Wolfe, witha | recruiting party, was stationed at Devizes, his party lodging at the | Scribbling Horse, whilst he himself, Mr. Kite believes (contrary to a | Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, 205 tradition mentioned by Waylen), lodged in one of the houses towards St. John’s Court, which bears the date of 1740. A letter written by him from Devizes is printed at length. No. 3. The house No. 2, High Street. (Feb. 26th, 1920.) The Merchant Guild of early days confirmed by the Charter of Ed. III., was re-modelled in 1614 and divided into the three separate Guilds or Companies of Mercers, Drapers, and Leathersellers, each under its own master and wardens, controlling certain trades in the borough and having chartered power to enforce its bye-laws, which required every person trading within the borough to take the necessary oaths and be admitted as a Freeman. In the case of a stranger this freedoin was only purchasable by a fine of considerable amount. Apprentices taken by any freeman had to be formally bound by indenture, and later on to be admitted as freemen. : In 1695 Charles Simkins (I.) was admitted to the freedom of the Mercers Company, which included the trade of a grocer. He was Master of the Company in 1699, and died aged 58 in 1723. His son, Charles Simkins (II.) b. 1704, succeeded him at No. 2, High Street (Walker’s Temperance Hotel, 1920). His eldest daughter, Anne Simkins, b. 1728, married Sir John Hopkins, Kt., b. 1715, Ld. Mayor of London, 1791, died 1796, aged 81, buried at Wanstead. The younger daughter, Dorothy Simkins, married Sir John William Anderson, of Mill Hill, Bart., Ld. Mayor of London, 1797, who died 1813, buried at Hendon. Charles Simpkins (III.), their brother, died unmarried aged 49, buried at Hendon. Charles Simkins (II.), the grocer, died 1781, aged 77. He owned lands at Poulshot and Avebury. His considerable property passed to the Hopkins family of Monmouthshire, who possess portraits of him and his two daughters. In 1772 Charles Simkins took into partnership John Neate, and eventually retired in his favour. John took his brother, Stephen, into partnership later on. The business passed to Charles Coward in 1825. He died 1845, and a few years later the grocery business ceased. No. 4. The house No. 7, the Brittox. The old house on this site was burnt in 1862. It was the house of John Child, grocer, who ob- tained the freedom of the Guild 1672, was Master of the Guild 1679, and mayor 1687, 1694, and 1702, and died 1722. He was son of Robert Child, clothier, of Heddington, and brother of Sir Francis Child, goldsmith, of London, and founder of the first banking house in Fleet Street. His brothers, Robert and Thomas, were both of Heddington, and another brother, George, was Rector of Yatton Keynell. Sir Frances Child contested Devizes unsuccessfully against John Methuen, of Bishops Cannings, and Sir Edward Ernele, of Etchilhampton, and in 1698 he was returned with John Methuen. In 1702 he was returned both for Devizes and the City of London, and sat for the latter, his second son (?), John Child (II.), sitting for Devizes from Nov. 14th, 1702, to the following March, when he died, and was succeeded by 206 letters patent, granted the “ Free Chapel of St. John,” with other lands, ~ Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, Francis Merewether. In-1705 Sir Francis was again returned for Devizes with John Methuen, and again in 1710 with Thomas Webb, Recorder of the borough. ,Jane, surviving daughter of John Child (1.), married, as his’scond wife, Robert Nicholas, of Roundway. No. 5. The houses Nos. 23 and 24, St. John Street. (July 22nd, 1920.) Nothing outside shows the age of these houses, but inside a fine ceiling of the Perpendicular Period extends through the whole front of No. 24 and into No. 23, the moulded timbers of which have - carved bosses at each intersection, one bearing the sacred monogram. “In the Middle Ages we find in Devizes an establishment known as the Hospital of St. John (apparently the successor of a still earlier Hospital for Lepers, dedicated to SS. James and Dionysius, to which King John in 1208 granted a yearly fair). With this later foundation —the inmates of which are described as “the Prior and Brethren of the Hospital of St. John of Devizes,”—this property seems to connect itself. This foundation was already endowed with property at the beginning of the 14th century, both in the Old Port, or Parish of St. 7 Mary’s, and Southbroom. The Priors were formally instituted by the © Bishop of the Diocese. The interesting particulars as to the dispute ~ which arose in 1315 between the Prior of this house, William le Trappe, © and the Rector, ‘Thomas de Yeongeslete, and the rules laid down for © their observance by the Bishop, agreed to on oath by both parties in | Potterne Church, Feb. 1st, 1325, are given. At the suppression of the © hospital, in 1547-8, Robert Peade, aged 63, was Prior, ‘‘a very honest ~ man and of good report amongst his neighbours, albeit not able to serve | a cure by reason of hisage.” He was presented to the living of Whad- | don by Sir Ed. Baynton, in 1533, but resigned itin 1538. Ed. VL, by ~ to Richard Roberts, of London, gentleman, and in 1649 Anth. and || Thomas Neate convey it to Robert Nicholas, Recorder of Devizes. No.6. The houses No. 31-32, Bridewell Street. (Aug. 19th, 1920.) | Mr. Kite notes that remains of the old Bridewell, which gave its name | to the street, are visible in “ The Grange” of to-day. The houses No, |} 31-32 formed part of the Devizes property of the Preceptory of the | Knights Hospitallers at Ansty—a guest house for pilgrims on the | ancient bridle road from Salisbury to Shaftesbury. When at the | suppression Hen. VIII. granted the site to Sir John Zouche, Ld, | Zouche of Harringworth, there is an entry in the Patent Roll of this | date of a grant from the Crown to the same individual, of ‘‘ premises | in Devizes parcel of the Preceptory of Ansty.” This grant was revoked | 4th Phil. & Mary, when the Knights of St. John were re-established, | but was finally confirmed in 1584 by Elizabeth. Sir John Zouche | owned other property in Devizes. His second son, Edward, settled at | Pitton, in 8. Wilts, which manor continued for several generations in | his family. In 1795 the Bridewell Street property is conveyed from | Matthew Figgins to Ben. Bristow, currier. Matthew Figgins in 1783} was carrying on a brewery business under the firm of Figgins & Gent. | Wiltshare Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. “The Procession Walk, or Town Ditch mentioned as the southern boundary of the property followed the outline of the ancient borough, and was perambulated by former Rectors on taking possession of the living. The last occasion was on the induction of the Rev. Edward Innes, and is thus recorded in a diary by Mr. George Sloper, thrice Mayor of Devizes, who resided in the house now the New Era Laundry : “1774. The Rev. Mr. Edward Innes took Procession round the Town, as Rector, May 25th, Wednesday. I gave them Cake and Ale over pales at the end of the garden.” Private Schools of Devizes in the 18th, 19th, and 20th Centuries. This really valuable account of fifty-four private schools—of which only one now exists in the town—fills 24 columns of the Waltshire Gazette, May 6th, 1920. It is not a mere list, but a series of notes, giving a considerable amount of information in most cases, both as to the schools themselves and as to their owners, and is largely compiled from Mr. Ed. Kite’s notes, supplemented from other sources. - Devizes Corporation Water Works. Report of Sir William Boyd Dawkins on the Water Supply, together with the Committee's Recommendation. 1920. 4to, pp. 9. Geological section and plan of adit. This valuable report contains much interesting information as to the water- bearing qualities of the chalk. The chalk in Wilts consists of three divisions. (a) The Lower Chalk, about 250ft. thick, overlying the Upper Greensand, forms the plateau near Shepherd’s Shore, on which the pumping station is situated. It is grey in colour, compact, and contains a percentage of clay, which increases in quantity downwards until the rock becomes a calcareous marl impervious to water. (b) The Middle Chalk, about 110ft. thick, contains few flints, has larger fissures than the Lower Chalk, and therefore contains more water. (c) The Upper White Chalk, about 600ft. thick, has many layers of flint, is highly fissured and therefore contains more water than either of the two lower divisions. The Middle and Upper Chalk form the higher portions of the down. ‘The water in these formations is mainly stored in the fissures, which are mostly joints widened by the carbonic acid — in the rain water, which dissolves their sides and causes the hard- ness of the chalk water. These fissures are most numerous and largest in the Upper Chalk, and are small and comparatively few in the Lower Chalk. ‘The supply from a chalk well depends on the size and range of the fissures which happen to be struck by the workings. Below the plane of saturation in the chalk all the fissures are full of water. In a wet season, after an interval of two to four months, the plane of saturation rises until it cuts the surface, forming springs and bournes. After a large rainfall the Gadbourne forms a surface stream which rises at a height of more than 620ft. in the Upper Chalk and flows into the Winterbourne. After a dry season the plane of saturation descends 208 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, : until it reaches the level of the permanent springs, such as those be- tween East Kennett and Beckhampton, that rise below the 500 foot contour line. ‘The plane of saturation descends still lower to the. permanent springs at Bishops Cannings and Bourton, at about 450ft., and at Calstone to about 100ft. lower. In both these localities the Lower Chalk marls cut the water off from access to the Upper Green- sand, forming the bottom of the valleys. The Official Guide to Salisbury. Descriptive and illustrative. Brown & Co., Ltd., The Library, 11, The Canal, Salisbury. [1920.] Pamphlet, cr. 8vo; pp., including advertisements, 88. Thirteen photos :—Cathedral (7); Close Gate, High Street ; Poultry Cross; St. Ann’s Gate; St. Thomas’s Church ; Fisherton Congregational Church. A new edition of an old publication brought up to date. The photograph of Stonehenge, however, is out of date. Burrows’ Guides. Salisbury. Price Sevenpence. [1920.] Pamphlet, cr. 8vo, pp. 52. 9 photosand map. High St. Gate, Cathedral (5), Clock Tower & Infirmary, Wilton House, Stonehenge. Quite a decent very short guide to the buildings of the city, and the walks and excursions round it. ee ne Guide to Old Sarum and Stonehenge, by Frank Stevens, F.S.A. Browns, The Library, Canal, Salisbury. Pamphlet, 8vo, pp. 20. Price 6d. Photo of Stonehenge on cover [said to be ‘“‘ as it appeared when it became the property of the Nation,” but really showing the “ Leaning Stone.”] Written by Mr. Stevens in the first place for the use of a party of the Bishops from overseas at- -tending the Lambeth Conference, it is a good compendium of all that the ordinary visitor wants to know of the excavations at Old Sarum and Stonehenge, with notes of the places passed on the journey to and from Salisbury. To Old Sarum and Stonehenge by Plain and Valley, by Frank Stevens, F.S.A. Specially written for the Cathedral Commemmoration, 1220—1920. Pamphlet, 8vo, pp., including title, 20. Introduction by Canon Charles Myers. ‘Three photos of Stonehenge: “ Lintel Stone ready to be raised,” “ Stonehenge as it was,” “ Lintel Stone on its way to Earth.” A popular account of Old Sarum, Stonehenge, Amesbury, and the way out and back from Salisbury, specially written for the use of the Bishops — | and other visitors to the 700th Anniversary Celebration of the Cathedral. | ‘‘ Fernando.’’ Third Edition. London. John Long, Limited, Norris Street, Haymarket [1918]. By John Ayscough (Monsignor Count Bickerstaffe Drew, of Winterbourne Gunner Manor). Cloth, cr. 8vo., pp. 320, This book although it opens as if it were a novel, an appearance kept Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Artvcles. 209 up for the first 50 or 60 pages where the characters are really the parents and grandparents of the author, is during the remainder of its course almost undisguisedly an autobiography of the author’s child- hood and early manhood. It is true that ‘ Fernando’s” doings and feelings are described in the third person, but the first person appears almost as frequently as the third, and the two are obviously identical. It is indeed a record of his spiritual experience and development, con- stantly tending in the same direction from the time that he was a small boy, through the early years at “ Llanberwyn” (Llangollen) and ‘Gracechureh,” his school life at Lichfield Grammar School, and what he calls “St. Wolstan’s,” until in 1878 at Oxford he was received into the Roman Catholic Church. ‘‘ The English Works of George Herbert. Newly arranged and annotated and considered in relation to his life by George Herbert Palmer. Houghton Mifflin. 1920.” 3 vols. 50s. net. A long 3-column article on George Herbert by way of review of this book in the Times Literary Supplement, April 1st, 1920. Philip Massinger. A long critical essay on his work and character in the Zimes Literary Supplement, May 27th, 1920 (5 columns). Devizes Castle. Letters from the author of Devizes Castle, its History and Romance (Mr. K. H. Stone), and the writer of the review in the Wiltshire Gazette on various points connected with the Castle appear in Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th and 22nd, 1920. The Marquess of Lansdown, in “ Uncensored Celebrities,” by E. T. Raymond, 8vo., 1919, pp. 152—158. A more than usually unkind character sketch in that unkind book. Mr. Walter Long, Ibid. pp. 178—183., is a similar sketch somewhat less illnatured. Will. Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke. The account of him from Aubrey’s “ Letters written by Eminent Persons” is reprinted in full in Salisbury Tomes, Aug. 6th, 1920. [Aldbourne] ‘‘Sweet Auburn.” A Saxon Village. Short article in Zimes, June 15th, 1920. The Church, The Goddard Family, The Fight during the Civil War, are touched on. The Ebble Valley. A long article by “KR. W.” on Alvediston, the Effigy in the Church, Samways Farm, and Cranbourne Chase, with its records of Deer stealing and smuggling, and the famous case of Lord’ Rivers v. Mr. King, of Norrington, is printed in Salisbury Times, May 28th, 1920, Neale and O Neale Family, of Wootton Rivers. A note suggest- ing that this yeoman family may have had its origin in refugee Irish rebels of the time of Q. Eliz. appears in Wiltshire Gazette, May 20th, 1920, 210 _- Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Bagdon Hill. In Wiltshire Gazette, July 15th, 1920, Mr. W. A. _ Webb gives interesting details from a letter of civ. 1631 which refers to the “Hillabove Bagdon Bridge,” and argues from the turnpike acts that the hill shown as Beacon Hill, on the Bromham side, on the Ordnance Survey, is that spoken of as Bagdon Hill in the earlier times, and not the hill on the Bishops Cannings side. Westbury Leigh. John Marshman’s Chair. Sir Am- brose Elton, whilst living at Bradford-on-Avon, saw outside a furniture dealer’s shop an old chair which he bought. Pasted on the bottom was an inscription, but this was. torn off and thrown away by the boy who carried the chair to his house, and it was only after a long search that the pieces of paper were found and joined together, when the following inscription was found to be written thereon :—“ This is the arm chair of John Marshman, of Westbury Leigh, Wilts. Baptised May 8th, 1763, father of Joshua Marshman, Doctor of Divinity, Baptist Missionary of Serampore, East India. Born at Westbury Leigh, Wilts, April 20th, 1768. Died at Serampore, India, 1836, and interred in the same burial ground where lie the remains of Carey and Ward, whose | names will ever live in the annals of the Church of Christ, as the Three Giants of Serampore. For 25 years the three brethren laboured unitedly for the conversion of men, preaching, and translating.” ‘The inscription was mounted and framed, and with the chair was presented by Sir Ambrose Elton to the secretary of Zion Church, Mr. W. C. Dotesio, by whom it has now been handed over for preservation to the Rev. E, A. Ashton, Minister of ey Leigh Baptist Church. Wiltshire Times, Oct. 16th, 1920. Notes on the Cathedral Church of St. Mary the Blessed Virgin, Salisbury. (Founded April 28, 1220.) With a Foreword by the Lord Bishop of the Diocese. Prepared at the request of the Cathedral Chapter. Salisbury. [1920]. Buckram boards. 6#in. x 44in., pp., vill. + 118. There are 2 pp. of “ Foreword” by the Bishop ; 3 pp. of Introduction by Canon G. H. Bourne: 84 pp. by Canon J. M. J. Fletcher, including “ The origin of the See,” “Old Sarum and its Cathedrals,” ‘‘ Laying of the Foundation Stones of the Cathedral at New Sarum,” and ‘‘A Walk round the Cathedral”; and 30 pp. by Chancellor Wordsworth on the Library and the Use of Sarum, in this daintily dressed, well printed, and well- illustrated little book. ‘The information given is in all cases well up to date, and includes a good deal that will not be found in any ordinary guide book. Chancellor Wordsworth’s acoount of the Library and its treasures gives evidence of his wide learning, and, incidentally, tells us much of the “ Use of Sarum,” and the various MSS. and printed books connected with it. Canon Fletcher’s chapters, more especially the “ Walk round the Cathedral,” tell very pleasantly indeed the history of the building, pointing out the various tombs and giving just as much ——L,. 9°" ee —™ Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, 21 of the story of those to whose memory they are erected, asa stranger to Salisbury and its history wants to know. Amid the general accuracy one small slip is curious. ‘The burial place of Bishop Robert Hallam | is stated to be at Cologne, instead of, as it should be, in Constance | Cathedral. Quite apart from its use as a guide book, this little book is | extremely readable in itself, and is worthy of its subject and occasion. Chariots of Baskervilles and Penruddockes. The Connoisseur of Sept., 1920, p. 43, illustrates and describes two 17th century carriages recently given to the City of Nottingham Art Museum. They are a state carriage and post phaeton designed and built for Thomas Baskerville, High Sheriff of Wilts in 1698. ‘The post phaeton has a shoe-shaped body, capable of holding two people, fitted with a folding hood and apron, and slung on leather straps between two perch poles. The driving seat is adjustable, and could be removed, | when the folding over of the footboard allowed of driving from the | body of the vehicle or by postilion. As this type of conveyance was | built for speed, and there is an entire absence of springs,'one can imagine | that it would need a man both strong and active to maintain at the same time his seat and control over the horses. The state carriage, which has a Jandau top, is far more ornate and heavy in build, having a single perch pole in the style of this type of coach down to the first part of last century. The panels of both vehicles are decorated with the Baskerville arms and crest, those on the coach having a background of figures, landscape, and scrolls, drawn in line on a light blue ground. The carving throughout, and especially that on the back rails, evidences a bold and certain hand in its execution, and has about it a charm and freedom rarely met with. Very fine, too, are the brass fittings and applied ornaments, while the rows of brass-headed nails used for securing the leather have quite a decorative effect. As an interesting link in the history of transport these exhibits are invaluable, and Nottingham is to be congratulated on their acquisition.” The Wiltshire Gazette of Sept. 23rd, 1920, reprints these illustrations from the same blocks, and gives a good deal more interesting information as to the history of the vehicles. The Baskervilles, a younger branch of the Herefordshire family, were seated at Richardston, in Winterborne Bassett and at Rockley, near Marlborough, and elsewhere in the county. Thomas Baskerville was sheriff in 1698, and Thomas Baskerville Mynors Baskerville (he was a Mynors and took the name of Baskerville) lived at Rockley and was sheriff in 1827. ‘lhe two carriages were stored in a barn or shed at Manton, the key of which was given to Dr. J. B. Maurice’s father. When the Baskervilles left the neighbourhood the carriages appear to have been handed over to Dr. J. B. Maurice (of Marlborough), czv. 1882, (7). ‘They remained in the barn until cz. 1893 when in consequence of people breaking into the barn, stealing the harness, and damaging the carriages, they were handed over to Messrs. Fuller, carriage builders, and taken to their premises at Bath, where they remained until, quite recently, they were saved from being broken up by Mr. G. Dudley Wallis, F.S.A., the son of Mr. Wallis, Curator of 2112 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. the Nottingham Museum, and through his good offices Messrs. Fuller offered them to Nottingham, where they have found a permanent home. The Wiltshire Gazette also gives a photograph of a carriage which belonged to Miss Penruddocke, of Fyfield Manor,near Pewsey (sold quite recently), and was repaired for her by Mr. A. H. Adams, coachbuilder, of Devizes, some fifty years ago. ater on it was stored at his coach- building premises. It figured in the carnival procession when King Ed. VII., as Prince of Wales, visited Devizes at the centenary of the - Royal Wilts Yeomanry in 1893. It went back to Fyfield, and on Miss Penruddock’s death was purchased for a few pounds by a small syndicate of Pewsey townspeople and appeared annually in the carnival processions there. It, however, became so dilapidated, that about six months ago it was sold for a few shillings and broken up as old iron. The writer of the article suggests that it may have been the chariot of Charles Penruddocke, sheriff in 1757. Possibly it was later. Its precise date is not known. Imber and Imber Court (Burnt Oct., 1920). An excellent note by Mr. Ed. Kite on the descent of the Manor and the families who held it. From 1167 to the middle of the 15th century it was held by the family of Ruffus or J.e Rous, to whom the two effigies in the Church are ascribed. William Le Rous granted his property in Imber South to Edington Priory, and sold the remainder in 1437—8 to ~ Walter, Lord Hungerford, of Farley Castle. John, his brother, who inherited the Manor of Baynton (in Coulston), after being accused of favouring the Lollards, granted his Manor in 1448 to Edington Priory, and was buried with his wife, Johanna Assheley, in the S. aisle of the Choir of the Church of the Priory. The portion of the Imber Manor bought by Walter, Lord Hungerford, was bequeathed by his son Robert for the maintenance of the Hungerford Chapel on the N.side of the Lady Chapel of Salisbury Cathedral, destroyed by Wyatt, and is still held by the Dean and Chapter. ‘The families of Gawen, Wadman, Townsend, and Dean were subsequently connected with the Manor House. Mr. Ed. Kite has a short further note on Imber Court, &c., in the Wiltshire Gazette, October 21st, 1920, in which he quotes from a diary of John Saunders, a man servant who in 1712 escorted Sarah Trotman on visits to Mrs. Hannah Wadman, at 'linhead Court, and her son John Wad- man, at Imber. She also included in her round of visits Sir Richard Holford, at Avebury Manor. Horselepride Gate. Lord Kerry writing to the Wiltshire Gazette Sept. 80th, 1920, on the site of “ Horse-le-perd,” ‘“‘ Horslepride,” or “Horsley Upright Gate,” on the road from Shepherd’s Shord to Lacock, quotes a survey of Bowood Park made in, 1653, ‘which traces the northern boundaries of the Park ‘‘ from Mannings Hill Gate . . . unto Cuffs Gate (both of them being certain gates into the said Park) : by a certain common way adjoining unto the said Park called Alanmanee Hill Lane and Lustrells Lease Lane, and from Cuffs Gate Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 213 aforesaid unto Horslepride Gate (another gate into the said Park) to- wards the East and South by the Lane called Ponteres Lane; and from thence unto Loxfield Heath Gate (another Gate into the said Park) and . . . and soon to Redhill Gate, alias Derrie Gate, being abutted all the way from Horsle Pride Gate aforesaid towards the west by Ponteres Lane before mentioned and by certain lands belonging to Sir Edward Bayntun called Loxfield Heath, and by a way called Red- hill Way leading from the Devizes towards Chippenham ” ““Cuffsgate” survives in Cuff Corner, and Ponteres Lane is aleauky the now almost disused track running thence to Sandy Lane. “ Lox- field Heath Gate must have been approximately where the Keeper’s Lodge now stands on the Devizes to Chippenham road, and may be marked by the two old stone gate posts still standing in the adjoining wood known as Abbotts Waste. Horselepride Gate must therefore have been at or near the south-west angle of Bowood Park, and was in all probability at the point where the present gateway stands, close to the George Inn, Sandy Lane.” Westbury Church Bells to be re-cast. A lecture on the history of the bells by the Vicar, the Rev. W. H. M. Clarke, is reported in the Wiltshire Times, Oct. 9th, 1920, The old Sanctus Bell is locally known as the Kit Bell. The Treble Bell of 1671 is to be re-cast. The Tenor Bell of 1714 was no doubt given in celebration of the Peace of Utrecht, May 5th, 1713. The old barrel of the chiming apparatus, with its wooden teeth, the work of Louis and William Cockey, pewterers, of Warminster, is still in the tower. A subsequent notice states that the Bellfounders have declared it necessary to re-cast the whole peal ‘in order to get them in tune. So the old bells of Westbury will go the way of so many others.- The Annual Report of the Salisbury Museum for 1919—20. 8vo,pp. 15. During the year Mr. F. Stevens de- livered 83 lectures to 1695 children of the elementary schools on the History of Salisbury. The work of re-organising the collection of Birds has been carried on during the year, eleven large cases of birds in natural surroundings having been set up in the Museum workshop, to the very great improvement of the Museum. The male Great Bustard shot at Berwick St. James in 1870 hasbeen presented during the year as has also the Squacco Heron shot at Britford, one of the only two known Wiltshire specimens. Several portraits have been transferred to the City Council Chamber, and a certain number of Hatchments of the Eyre family have been replaced in the Eyre Chantry of St. Thomas’ Church, to which they belong. A special display has been made of the work of the local artist, Benjamin Blake, of Winterbourne Dauntsey. The Wiltshire books belonging to the Museum are being transferred to a special reference department of the Salisbury Public Library. The most notable archeological addition is the collection of Romano- British and Late-Celtic objects found by Col. Hawley in diggings at Stockton earthworks in 1908, given by the Bishop of Coventry. 214 WILTSHIRE PORTRAITS, Wiltshire Times. [1919]. Photos. Jack Colenut (Calne Goalkeeper), Oct. 18th. Rev. G. Manning (Warminster), J. Whatley (Trowbridge), Mr. & Mrs. Isaac Watkins (Chapmanslade), Oct. 25th. Mr. & Mrs. J. Farmer (Semington), F. Nash (Calne footballer), Alfred Hall (West- bury), Nov. Ist. F. Wickham (Calne footballer), Nov. 8th. T. Gale (Mayor of Calne), Lord & Lady Lansdowne, Mr. & Mrs. Hyatt (Mayor of Chippenham), Mr. ‘Thompson (Mayor of Malmesbury), Will. Harris (Melksham), W: N. Ledbury & H. H. Dyer (Secs., Wiltshire Working Men’s Benefit Society), Nov. 15th. Reginald Butler (Old Park, Devizes), Rev. A. T. Richardson, O.B.E. (Vicar of Bradford-on- Avon), Dr. C. E. Tangye (Medical Officer of Health), Nov. 22nd. W. H. Marshman (Warminster), Nov. 29th. Mr. & Mrs. T. Merrett (Box), Dec. 6th. S. Sainsbury (Trowbridge), Dec. 13th. Brig.-Gen. G. LI. Palmer, Rev. B. Aston, D.S.O., Dec. 27th. Ibid. [1920]. Canon E.G. Wyld, J. T. & Mrs. Ludgate (Calne), Jan. 3rd. Alfred Redman (Hilperton), Isaac Wickham (Trowbridge), Jan. 17th. Priscilla Brown (Hilperton), R.G. Carter (Bradford-on-Avon), Jan. 24th. Jabez Rison (Trowbridge), Jan. 31st. Erlysiman Pinckney (Warminster), F. Smart (Melksham), Feb. 7th. F. P. Garlick (Trow- bridge), Feb. 14th. W.H. House (Melksham), James Morris (Christian Malford), W. G. Parsons (Trowbridge), Feb. 28th. Mrs. Painter Bradford-on-Avon),. March 6th. A. Cameron (Malmesbury), March A 20th. F.J. Moore (Bradford), April 8rd. A. Pocock (Bratton), April 17th. Mr. & Mrs. T. H. Watson (Trowbridge), Rev. P. C. West . (Hilperton), May 1st. Mr. & Mrs. J. Potter (Turleigh) May 8th. Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Hamblin (Chippenham), May 29th. George Ward, of Melksham, Labour Candidate for Parliament; Albert Hull, and three daughters, Florence, Amy, and May, as bell ringers at. | St. Paul’s Church, Chippenham, June 19th. Misses E. E. & G.N. 4 Applegate, of Trowbridge, July 3rd. W. McCaffery (Trowbridge), July 24th. Miss A. F. Wallington, O.B.E., July 31st. Dr. W. Ingram Keir (Melksham), Aug. 14th. G. E. Day (Melksham), Aug. 2st. A. | J. Knowles (Trowbridge), Aug. 28th. E. C. Beaven (Holt), Geo. Laverton & Mrs. G. Laverton, C. W. Darbisher & Mrs. Darbisher (Liberal Candidate W. Wilts), Sept. 4th. Mr. & Mrs. Mizen (S. Wraxall), Mr. & Mrs. D. Wootton (Corsham), Sam Phillips (Trow- bridge), Sept. 11th. G. H. Aitken (Warminster), Sept. 25th. Rev. C. G, Hutchison (Trowbridge), Oct. 2nd. Gentlewoman. [1920.] Photos. Lady Beatrice Wilkinson, Jan. 10th. Alec. Taylor, Jan.17th. Lady Glenconner,Hon.Joan Dickson Poynder, May 8th. Miss Kathleen Gascoigne, Oct. 2nd. Daily Sketch. [1919.] Photos. Miss M. E. Morse (Swindon), Oct. 9th, Miss Norah GC. Knight (Westbury), Oct. 10th. Ld. Glanely (Lackham), Nov. 6th and Dec. 28rd. Frances M. Bennett (Devizes), Dec. 1st. Lady Glenconner, Dee. 5th. Gifts to Museum and Lnbrary. 215 Ibid. [1920.] Hon. Joan Poynder (on skis), Jan. 15th. Ld. & Lady Glenconner and Hon. Stephen Tennant, Feb. 5th. Miss Veronica Paul (married Gordon Barclay, s. of Rev. H. Barclay, Rector of Allington), Feb. 11th. Rt. Rev. F. E. Ridgeway, Bp. of Salisbury, March 4th. Lady Kerry & Children, April 21st. Lady Glenconner and Hon. Stephen Tennant, Hon. Joan Dickson Poynder, April 30th. Ld. & Lady Kerry, May 10th. Lady Muriel Herbert, June 2nd.. Miss Patience Fuller, d. of Sir. J. Fuller, Bart., June 19th. Miss Kathleen Gascoigne, of Southbroom House, Devizes, June 25th. Lady Muriel Herbert, July 27th. Lady Burdett (of Ramsbury), Sept. 14th. Ld. Edward St. Maur, Sept. 18th. Dr. A. E. Burne (Dean of Salisbury), Oct. Ist. Earl & Countess of Pembroke, Oct. 4th. Edwin Jones, blind Mayor of Swindon, and Mrs. Jones, Oct. 18th. Country Life. [1919.] Ch. Mc Evoy (Aldbourne), etching by Aug. John, Nov. Ist. Ibid. [1920.) Duchess of Devonshire (d. of Ld. Lansdowne), full-page photo. May 22nd. Salisbury Journal. June 26th, 1920. Canon A. E. Burn, Dean of Salisbury. Wiltshire Advertiser. Nov. 20th, 1919. H. Taplin, Mayor of Devizes. Wiltshire Gazette. April 15th, 1920. Mr. & Mrs. Mark Chivers (Hed- dington). GIFTS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Museum. Presented by Mr. B. H. and Mrs. Cunninetron : Fragment of iron La Tene I. fibula, another early iron fibula, and various Romano-British bronze relics from Cold Kitchen Hill. » 9» Mr. W. H. Buttock, of Pewsey (through Mr. A. Cook): bronze looped palstave, found at Milton Hill, Pewsey Down, 22nd April, 1867. e » Mr. T. Gtorrrey W. HENsLow: Small crucible, spindle- whorl of Kimmeridge clay, iron ring of penannular brooch, various bronze and iron fragments, tiles, tesserze, frag- ments of pottery and painted wall plaster, and fourteen Roman coins, from the site of a Roman villa in Stanton Wood, Stanton St. Quintin. » ° » Mrs. Few: Flint hammer-stone dug up at Hartmoor, Devizes. A farthing token found at the same place (Francis Pashent, of Westbury, 1668). A pair of sugar nippers used for cutting up sugar loaves before the intro- duction of machine-made sugar cubes. 216 Gifts to Musewm and Library. Presented by Mr. FE. C. Garpner: A roasting jack. 99 99 Rev. H. C. BusH: 17th cent. tradesman’s token found at Seend. Library. Presented by Mr. J. J. Suave: ‘“ The Ancient Entrenchments and Camps of Gloucestershire,” by E. J. Burrows. 1920. Forty-one Wiltshire Estate Sale Particulars. Five Wilts Pamphlets. THe AutHor, Mr. A. ScHomBEeRG: “Seend Monumental Inscriptions,” “ Will of John de Bleobury,” “ Lamplugh.”’ THe Autor, Mr. F. Stevens, F.S.A.: “To Old Sarum and Stonehenge by Plain and Valley.” 1920. 8vo. Mrs. Story Masketynz: “ How to Write the History of a Parish,” by Rev. J. C. Cox, L.L.D. 5th Edition. 1909. Mr. A. W. Marks: Three old Wilts Deeds. Mr. G. A. H. Wuarre: Almanack of 1752. THE AutHors, Lorp FitzMAuRIcE & W.L. Bown: The Boundaries of the Administrative County of Wilts.” 1920. Mr. J. E. Prirenarp, F.S.A.: “The Book of Psalms adapted to Christian Worship by Benj. Williams. Salis- bury, 1781.” Map of Wilts, by Teasdale. 1830. Mr. & Mrs. Cunnineton: In pursuit of Spring, by Ed. Thomas. 1914. The Modernity of Stonehenge, by A. Hadrian Allcroft. Wiltshire, from Moule’s English Counties Delineated, 1838. “'lopographica Wiltoniensis MS.” from the Huth Library. 4to. Several early num- bers of the Wilts Arch. Magazine. Mr. R. Garraway Rice: Funeral Sermon on J. Dyer, Devizes, 1797. Mr. E. Wricut: A Topographical Account of Market Lavington. Canon GarpDINER: “ Inventories, Terriers, Memorial Tablets, Church Plate, and Bells. Rural Deanery of Avebury, Cannings Portion.” 8vo. 1910. _ C. H. Woodward, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most _ reliable account of Stonehenge and its Harthworks, WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBRBY, F.B.S., A.D. 1659-1670. Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates. - Price £2 10s. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM. CHARLES I, 8vo, pp. vii. + 501. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 13s. DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN. IIL, ED. I., and ED. II. 8vo, pp. xv., 505. In parts as issued, . Price 13s. DITYO. FROM THE REIGN OF ED. III. 8vo., pp. 402. In six _ parts as issued. Price 13s. A BIBLIOGRAPHY or tHe GREAT STONE MONUMENTS oF WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE anpn AVEBURY, with other references, | by W. Jerome Harrison, F.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No.89,Dec., 1901 of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &¢., by 732 authors, THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. An important work in 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 927, containing a great number of deeds connected with property in many | Wiltshire Parishes of the 14th and 15th centuries. Only 150 copies were printed, of which a few are left. Price to members, £1 10s., and to non members, £2. WILTSHIRE MAMMALS, BIRDS, & REPTILES. Mr. G. b. Hony, 4, Beaufort Road, Clifton, Bristol, will be greatly obliged if members would kindly send him notice of the occurrence of any rare birds within the borders of the County, or of the occurrence of unusual mammals or reptiles. BOOKBINDING. Books carefully Bound to pattern. Wilts Archeological Magazine bound to match previous volumes, We have several back numbers to make up sets. C. H. WOODWARD, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. North Wilts Museum and LIBRARY AT DEVIZES In answer to the appeal made in 1905, annual subscriptions varying from £2 to 5s., to the amount of about £30 a year for this purpose have been given since then by about sixty Members o the Society and the fund thus set on foot has enabled the Committee to add much to the efficiency of the Library and Museum. It is very desirable that this fund should be raised to at least £50 a year, in order that the General Fund of the Society may be released to a large extent from the cost of the Museum, and set free for the other purposes of the Society. } Subseriptions of 5s. a year, or upwards, are asked for, andj should be sent either to Mr. D. Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, ov Rev. K. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. The Committee appeal to Members of the Society and other , | to secure any | Objects of Antiquity, AND Specimens of unusual Birds, Butterflies, or Moths, | found in the County of Wilts and to forward them to the Hon. Curator, Mr. B. H. CUNNING'rON, Devizes ; S| Whilst Old Deeds, Modern Pamphlets, Articles, Portraits, Illustrations from recent Magazines } or Papers bearing in any way on the County,] and Sale Particulars of Wiltshire Properties, will be most gratefully received for the Library by the Rev.J k. H. Gopparp, Clyfte Vicarage, Swindon, Hon. Librarian. The Society has in recent years received several large consign- ments of old deeds and papers, no longer of legal value, fromy Solicitors who were clearing out the accumulations of years in| their offices. The Committee asks all Wiltshire Solicitors in like ~ eireunstances to give the Society the opportunity of acquiring all deeds no longer needed rather than to sell them elsewhere, or}} destroy them. C. He WOODWARD, MACHIWE PRINTER, DEVIZES: ' No. CXXXIV. JUNE, 1921. Vou. XT. WILTSHIRE Archeeological & Natural History MAGAZINE, PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SOCIETY FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, A.D. 1853. EDITED BY REV. E. H. GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. [The authors of the papers printed in this ‘‘ Magazine”’ are alone responsible for all statements made therein. | DEVIZES : PRINTED AND SOLD FOR THE Society By C. H. Woopwarp, EXcHANGE BuILDINGS, STATION Roan. Price ds. 6d. Members, Gratis. NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols. Vill., Xvi, xxiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are each indexed separately. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for the current year are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. David Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Annual Subscription to the Society is 10/6, with an entrance fee of 10/6. The Composition for Life Membership is £10 10s. The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip- tions but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- tary: the Rv. EH. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS Lo be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas 4to, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s. One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s. 6d. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo, 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston,M.A. Price to the Public, 16s. ; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or tur STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES In THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES in tHe SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, Part II. 1911. Fully illustrated. Price 2s, CATALOGUE ofr tHe SOCIETY’S LIBRARY ar tHe MUSEUM, Price 1s. APPENDIX No. L., II., and III., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, In THE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at tHe MUSEUM. Price ls. 6d. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS 1n tox SOCIETY'S COLLECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBERS or tue MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. WILTSHIRE Archeological & Natural History MAGAZINE. No. CXXXIV. JUNE, 1921. VoL XL Contents. PAGE. THe Soctnry’s MSS. ApstrRacts oF Copies oF Court Rois AND OTHER DoCUMENTS RELATING TO THE MANORS oF BRADFORD AND WeEstwoop: By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G , TLIO! segoce WEES Gale ME er AN ae Ness emu nee st mn rs ner ae CR a 917—263 East WiLTsHIRE Rust Funer: By Cecil ‘P. Hurst............... .. 964—271 Roman WaANBoROUGH: By A. D. PASSMORE.............c0se0s0.s00 26, 272—280 THE ANGLO-SAXxoN BoUNDS oF BEDWYN AND BuRBAGE: By OPCS CORA WEORD) 002. as ccsdotscectboneceeteatecs |osesescesss chores 291—B01 NV AU COMUMUPAUR IV acsearle, 302—308 WILTSHIRE Books, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES ...... ........c0000. 308— 323 Books, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS ... 323—329 ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY .........sceseesee sees One toner 329—330 ACCOUNTS OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1920..... ............... 3381—334 ILLUSTRATIONS. Iron Hipposandal and Cleats. Wanborough .....................008 278 Map of Extent of the Roman Settlement at Lower Wanborough 278 © PvomanyO jects from Wanborough -...............6..:s000--0sberercneaee 279 Map to illustrate the Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedya and ee ee MPM ON 581 ol NRO 0. Ws oe ios cav'ael vaatdesSoiga on DBI DrEvizEs :—C. H. Woopwarp, Excuance ButLpines, Starion Roap. WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. ‘“ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATURB ONUS.’ —Ovid. a, No CAXXIV. JUNE, 1921. Vou. XLI. > THE SOCIETY’S MSS! ABSTRACTS OF COPIES OF | COURT ROLLS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING _ TO THE MANORS OF BRADFORD AND WESTWOOD. By the Rev. A. W. Srots, F.S.G., Lond. | {Abbreviations. B=Bradford-on-Avon, Ct. R. & Ct. Bar.=Court Roll & Court Baron. Cust. Cott. =Customary Cottage. Cust. ten’. =Custo- mary tenancy, Dat.=dated. Mess.=messuage. Occ.=occupation. p.=parish. poss.=possession. sig.=signature. surr.=surrender. ten.=tenure. ten'.=tenement or tenant. wits.—witnesses. | (1. Sat. 28 Feb. 15 Eliz. Copy of Ct. R. of Manor of B. held there Sat. 28 Feb. 15 Eliz. temp. Henry Earl of Pembrooke, Baron Herberte of Cardyf Lord Farmer of the Manor. Surrender by James Rogers of a mess. & lands (Wooleyfeld in Lygh within the manor). Regrant to himself & his sons Anthony & John for 3 lives. Fine xxxli. (Sigs.) R. Grove, Steward. George Pemmbbke. E. Sayntlooe. (Endorsed at back) 25 March 1654. Anthony Rogers dec*. Copyhold granted to John Lydiard for his life & the lives Ann his sister & Thomas Gunning his nephew. Fine ccclxxxxli. la. (See Horton Collection of Deeds.) 35 Hen. VIII., 1543. Copy of Ct. Roll of the Prebendal Manor of Bradford held there 10 Sept, 35 H. 8 by the Dean & Chapter of Bristol. Grant of Reversion of a tent, etc. late in occ. of Lady Mary Horton & after her death her kinsman i 1 These documents with many others were purchased by Mr. John Moulton, of The Hall, Bradford-on-Avon, of a marine store dealer, in 1918, and were given by him to the Society’s Library in 1919. The very careful and com- plete abstracts made by Mr. Stote and embodied by him in a small 4to note book which he presented to the Library, are here printed in full, with | the exception of the indices to surnames, place names, &c., at the end of |the book. It has, however, been necessary to greatly condense the spacing |of Mr. Stote’s MS., for the sake of economy in printing. E. H. Gopparp, |} VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXIVv. Q 218 The Society's MSS, Thos. Horton. To Thos. Wryght & Margaret his wife for their lives after death of above. (Sig.) William Snowe, Dean. [N.B. In 1539 the Prebend manor of B. passed from the Abbey of Shaftesbury to the D & C of Bristol.] (11 closely written sheets of paper stitched to a single sheet of parchment, part of an old lease. Somerset . . . Moses Young ... Wm Mansell . . . Edmond Jones . . . N D) 18 Eliz. ref. 13 Eliz. A copy of the Letters Patent in English from Qu. Eliz. to Lord Powlett’s ancestor of the Hundred of Bradford Recites 5 Ap] 13 Eliz. Grant to Henry Earle of Pembrooke of the Manor of B. (Atworth, Troile, Stoke, Leigh, Wrax Hall & Winsleigh) heretofore belonging to the late monastery of Shaftsbury co. Dorset. Ref. Farm of Atworth als Atford : Wood called Tegarlewe. . . . Letters Patent dat. 9 Jan. 10 Eliz, Henry Lord Harbet, Manor of B. (Barton Close, Sheppard Close, Pounds Close, Bodyes Close, Byddys acre, Wydbroke, Marsh Croft, Shepehouse eyes. Ladydowne, Eyemeade, Mykhellmeade, Wal- meade, Eastfeild, Westfeild, Polton feild, Wynderlews, hare knappe. Kyngsfeild) Capital messuage of Atford als Atworth (Beanecroft, Fibbley Croft, Little Fybbley Croft, Inkerley, Norleys, Hokes, Little Hokes, Mores, Le Heyes, Hamfeild, Borych, Leesfeild, Southfeild, Westfeild). Ref. Courts Baron & Leets Veiws of Franckpledge. Ref. advowsons of Churches & Chappels. Ref. Letters Patent dat. 22 May 16 Eliz. Lease to Stephen Blauncheede als Sanshewr (* Sansheier) {later Shanshue]. Ref. Letters Patent dat. 16 Dec. 15 Eliz. Bradford Wood [mg. “ now in poss of ye D. of Kingston.”] 18 Eliz. 1576. The Grant to Francis Walshingham Esq one of our principall Secretaries ” the Reversion of the Lordship & Manor of B. by letters patent 5 Apl. 13 Eliz. to Henry Earl. of Pembroke (as above). Grant to the above Francis Walsingham of the Hundred of B. Ref. to View of Franck- pledge & Hundred Courts & Court Leets. ‘“ Abbott Abbesse Prior or Prioresse of the late monastery of Shaftesbury” “or Edward Bellingham.” The dissolution of “ the said monastery” & “our father and brother Hen. VIII. & Edw. VI.” & “our sister Mary” by service of the 40th part of a Knight’s Fee. Fee Farm Rent £13. 16. 84. 265 84 paid yearly to the Bayliffe of the Hundred of B. At Westminster 3 March 18 Eliz. [40 Eliz.] Court Baron. Bradford Manor cum membris. Ursula Walsingham widow, Lady of the Manor. Ct. B. held there by John Kent, gent., Steward. 28 Mar. 40 Eliz. Grant to John Reynolds for his life & the lives of Johanna his wife & Susanna his dau. two mess. in B. late in ten. of Thomas Cuthbert. Fine xviii, (Sigs.) Ursula Walsingham, John Kent, Steward. [Endorsed at back] Surrender by the above. ‘‘Susan Reynolds now Goodman.” Grant for 3 lives to Richard Auley & his daus. Jane & Christian, dated 25 Ap]. 1653. Fine & herriott xxix", | Ditto 15. Dec. 43 Eliz. Surrender by Henry Howell & his Sons William é& Christopher Howell, who hold by copy dated 16 May 39 Eliz. a mess. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., London. 219 etc. in B. for their lives. Grant of same to John Holton & his sons Robert & John for their 3 lives. Fine 100% (Sigs.) Ursula Walsingham & John Kent. (Endorsed at back] 31 Oct. 1654. Regrant to the above Robert Holton & his (? sons) Joseph & Benjamin. Fine & Heriot. xxx, rent p.a. 7/4 5. [4 Jas. I,] Bradford Manor cum Membris. Court Baron of Richard Earl of Clanricard & Lady Frances his wife,' held at B. by Jo: Kent, gent. Steward, 8 Oct. 4 Jas. I. Grant to Robert Cowles for his life & the lives of his son Robert C. and William Matthewe s. of Thomas M. of land in B. Fine xx’. (Sigs) Edward Longe, Gifford Longe, & Jo: Kent. [endorsed] “ For our Commissioners” etc. 14 Nov. 3 Jas. I. [Sig. at foot of membrane] Robte Thickpennye. [endorsed at back] 25 Apl. 1653 Surrender by W™. Mathew. Grant to Anselm Holyday for his life & the lives of Paul & Anselme his sons Fine xxv", 6. Ditto 1 Apl. 5 Jas. I. Surrender by John Mathewe of a cott. etc. in. High St Bradford. Regrant to himself & his s John for their lives. Fine xi®. (Sigs. and (Commissioners as above 5. [endorsed at back ] 31 Oct. 1654. Estate to be granted to “ Susan Reynolds wyffe of Rob‘. Reynolds,” John Stockden, & “ Margarett Stockden sone & daughter of the said Susan.” Fine ix". heriot xij4. Rent p.a. xii’. 7. Ditto (as in 6.) 6 Oct. 5 Jas. I. Surrender by William Baylie als Taunton & his bro. John of a mess. etc in St. Toles Streete in B. held by them & their deceased bro. Edward Baylie als Taunton by copy dat. 27 Mar. 33 Eliz. for 3 lives. Grant of same to Edward Markes for his life & the life of his son Edward. Fine (2? 1x’.) Sigs & Commissioners asin 5. [Endorsed at back] Surr. by Edw? Markes & grant to Thomas Cooper and his children Thomas & Sibell. Fine xxv". 8. Ditto 5 Oct. 9 James I. Surr. by William & Anthony Auley of a mess. etc. in “le markett streete” in B. held by copy dat. 10 Apl. 31 Eliz. for their lives & the life of Agnes Auley dau of the said Wm. A, Regrant to Wallzam Auley & his sons Richard & William for their lives, ij", Sigs. of Steward & Commissioners asin 5. [Endorsed at back] Surr. by Richard Auley & regrant to him and his daughters Christian & Jame. 5 Oct 1654. Fine x. (szc.) heriot 17" rent 4°. 9. [11 Jas. [.] Court Baron of Thomas Ear] of Suffolk Chamberlain of the Kings Household (“ Dni Cam/’arij Hospicij Dni Regis”) William Lord Knollys, Comptroller of the Kings Household [‘‘ Contrarollator dei Hospicij Dni Regis”’] two of the Lords of the Kings Privy Council, Henry Yelverton Esq, Richard Hadsor Esq, & Walter Pye Esq, held at B. by Jo: Kent, gent., Steward 12 Oct. 11 Jas. I. Grant to Richard Harford senr., & his children Richard & Hester, for their lives of a cott. newly built etc on Whitehill in B. lately in his own tenure & occupation. Lady Frances Walsingham, dau. & h. of Sir Fras. Walsingham (private sec. to Q. Eliz.), and sometime wife of Sir Philip Sidney, married Richard, E. of Clanricard. Q 2 920 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. The Society's MSS. Fine ij’. vit. Sigs of Edward Longe & Gifford Longe, Commissioners & John Kent, Steward. [endorsed at back]25 Mar. 1654. Surrender by Rich*. Harford & his dau. Hester & Grant to Jesper Druett for his life & the life of Jasper his son. Fine iij'. Ditto (asin 9.) 18 Apl12Jas.I. Surr. on 21 Dee. last: by Richard Painter of a burgage & tenement etc in Millstreete in B. lately in his — tenure “sine occ” & held by copy dat. 17 Mar. 27 Eliz. for the lives of — Henry P. his father, Henry P. his bro. and himself. Grant of same to Andrew Willett, & Henry W. s. of John W.,and James W. s. of William Willett for their lives. A. W. paid fine vi". xiij®. &iij4. Sigs. of Edwé. Longe, Gifford Longe & Thomas Bradford, Commissioners, & Jo: Kent. Steward. [Endorsed at back] 23 Apl 1656. Surr. by Henry Willett & Grant to John Roberts for his life and lives of his sons John and Robert Roberts. Fine 70%. [1641] Manor of Bradford. Court of Manor of John St John of Basinge, Earl of Wilts, and Marquess of Winchester and Lady Honora his wife, and Ulicke Earl of Clanricard & St Albans held there 8 May 16 Car 11641 by Henry Foyle, Esq. Steward. Surr. by Thos. Batchelor & Robert Dumer and Mary his wife (lately called Mary Clarke) who hold by copy dat. Sat. 11 Apl. 7 Jas. I for the lives of the said Thos & Mary a cott. etc. on Whitehill lately in the ten. of the said Thos. Re- grant to Thos. B. of the same cott. & 34% virgates of land to himself & his children Thos & Mary for their lives. Heriot xij4. Rent p.a. xij. (Sigs.) H. Winchester. Hen: Foyle. [Endorsed on back] 17 Sept. 1655 Surr: by Thos. B. & regrant to the said Thos. B. for his life and — the life of Frances his dau. Fine 405. [Dated 2 Mar 23 Car I. 1647] Lease for 99 years to Daniell Deverell. Hugh Rogers of Cannington co. Som. Esq. s. & h. apparent of Sir Fras. R K+. dec’ to Daniel Deverell the younger (Bayleife of the Manor of B. s. of Daniel D the elder of Franckley in the p of B. yeoman. Land in Oxenleasue als Lady Downe in the tything of Trowle p. of B. late in tenure of Benjamin Dick dec®. for 99 yrs. or the lives of Daniel Deverell, Jeffery D, & Ann D. the sons and dau. of D.D. the younger. rent p.a. 1/6. Sig. Hugh Rogers (seal missing) Sig of witnesses Tho. Bampfield, P. Methwin, Henry Flower, Rich: Clarke. [Dated 14 Apl. 1651.] Lease for 99 years to Jane Horne, wid. Hugh Rogers of Cannington co. Som. Esqr. to Jane Horne of B. co. Wilts widow. Surr. by Jane Horne of copyhold mess. & land in King’s field by Forwards Brook & land in Rowe hill in B. for her life & the life of Jane Reece her dau. now wife of George Reece of Cit. of Bristol, Gent. Grant of same for 99 years on the lives of herself and Jane Reece and Mary Peare dau. of John Peare of Trowbridge co. Wilts, clothier. | Rent p.a. 19%. Heriot 30°. (Sig.) Hugh Rogers (seal missing) Sigs. of | Wits. Jo: (4) Warri, (? Jac) Bampfield, Jo: Lovell, Henry Flower, Henry | Gwin. | [1654] Bradford Manor. Ct. Baron of the Hon””. Walter Strickland | Esq, John Chicheley, & George Cony Esqs held at B. 25 March 1654, | By the Rev. A. W, Stote, F'S.G., Lond. 221 before Daniel Witcharley, gent., Steward & Surveyor. License granted to Edmond Bayley to let his Customary ‘Tenancy late in the occ. of Marie Hurne & now in poss. of the said E. B. for 10 years. Fine 84. yearly. ‘Ex, by Daniell Witcharley.” 15. [1655] “The manor of Bradford with its members.” Leete & Cot. Baron of the Hon Walter Strickland Esq. John Chicheley & Geo. Cony Esq’. held 6 Apl 1655 before Dan' Witcharley gent, Stew?. & Surveyor. Grant to Robert Harvey, Ann H. his sis., & Joane H. dau. of Richard Harvey, for their lives (“ with the consent of the Hon”"* John Marquess of Winchester ’’) of a cott. etc. “lying att Barton Stile” now in poss. of Robt. H. Fine 35°. Rent pa. xij. “ Ex’ by Dan! Witch- arley” [Endorsed at back] “ Upon surrender of the within named Robt Harvey the lives of the win . . . ? John (or Joan) and 7. . . Harvey arr to bee exchanged for Rob? Harvey & (?) Tony Harve sons of the s*. Robt. H. . . . Fine xx*. 11 April 1668. 16. 1A RENTALL OF THE MANNoR & HUNDRED oF BRADFORD. (‘Transcribed in full.] li—s—d {In hand] The Church house parte lett to George Reynolds for 1'—15* per Ann’ y° other parte very ruinous —01—00—00 [ Lease ffrancis Lucy Esq’ —I9—03—00 Holders] Paulton Quarr! xx* noe vse made thereof ffaires & marketts —02—00—00 John Smith for two luggs of ground 160-—05—00 Beales Tenem* & for other Lands held by ffrancis Smith —02—00—00 Gabriell Deverell for a Cottage —00—05—00 Susanna Clutton 0400-00 Edward Dicke —01—00—00 [Coppy SS: William Turner for Combes Tenem' —01— 06—04 Holders] John Crooke —00—16—00 ‘This undated document consists of three membranes, each seven inches | wide, the first two 28 inches long, the third short because torn across, and | the three roughly stitched together at oneend. It is excellently preserved, clearly legible, and may be safely dated at 1660, or thereabouts. ‘The names are those of people flourishing in the Commonwealth period. The Vicar of Bradford (the Rev. A. T. Richardson) has kindly verified this, and a - number of the people mentioned appear in the burial register as dying soon after 1660. To fix the date, a terminus a quo may be found in the reference to the “Tenthes due to y® Kings Ma"*”; whilst a terminus ad quem is furnished by the entry of Sir Thomas Hall’s burial in the Bradford Registers on June 13th, 1663. Sir Thomas held the Manor of Bradford and in 1649 paid a fine of £660. The marginal note, “Deteyned 40ty ye's.” opposite the entry for Lord, Brooke’s lands in Wraxall also seems to corroborate a Restoration date. I am indebted to Mr. Richardson for some of the ac- companying footnotes. The Society's MSS. John Crooke John Collett John Liddiard Anselme Hollyday Thomas Cooper y® Bayliffe for Cookes The same for Graunts The same for Baylyes in July Street? William Bayly John Ball Jacob Silbee for three cottages Thomas Cooper als Silbee Thomas Tymbrell for Walters Thomas Batchelor John Clarke ~ Richard Auley William Witchell ffor a plott of ground 34 yards & an halfe Richard Stoakes als Bayly Christian Wilkinson? Robert Holton Richard Godby Jesper Drewett for Harvyes The same Robert Dummer Lewis Hughes Susanna Chaundler Nicholas Dumer Walter Graunt Robert Dalton John Roberts Samuel Hull “Willam Say Joane Seife widdowe Thomas Skinner Richard Rogers for Rundells—6:—10° The same for Riders 15—10¢ Thomas Hannam Joane Graunt Robert Reynoll now Edward Hanny Edmond Bayly Daniell Graunt John Batchelor Thomas Morrice William Helps Thomas Harvey Robert Harvey Richard Stoakes als Bayly 1The Widdowe Stoakes als Bayly 1 Between lines. —00—16—00 —00—05—00 —00—17—01 ~—00—03— 04 —00—02—00 —00—02—00 —00—00—04 —00—02—11 00 — 021 = (i007 —08 S00 —00 —(00— 0100. 9-0) —00 70 l= —00—08—00 —00—02—00 —00—00—06 =) 0 0) ==99-—05=00 —00—47—00 —00—01—00 —00—01—00 900100 250-0100 —00—02—04 —(0—09—064. —00—02—00 —00—02—06 ==00— 01110 —00—06—04 —00—08—00 —00—01—00 —00—05—00 —00—00—04 —00—08—08 00 = Ol 00 —00—09—04 =-0=01—00 90-04-04 ==00-— 1400 —00—01—00 90 0100 —00—01—00 00 —01—00 —39—01—00 —00—01—CO —00—04—00 By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond, 223 Thomas Hall & John Hall" for half an acre of meadow in Enmeade worth 15* per ann at y° yearely rent of -00—01—06 And for Elbridge Lane —00—0C—02 New improved rents by Tennts at will Ralfe Rogers —0C—=06—08 Thomas Matthews Jun" —0C—05—00 Quitt rents due at Michas yearely The Lady Lisle for Lands heretofore held by John Bayly —0C—06—08 Daniell Deverell? & others for S". Francis Rogers? his lands —0C—14—08 S:, Francis Rogers‘ for a Rood of Land sometymes of : William Ports ; —0C—04—08 The same for a Burgage in Mill Streete —00—01—06 The same for a Burgage in Seale Streete heretofore held by Thomas Yerbury & Ralfe Cutbert —00—01—=99 The same for a plott of ground in peple streete —00—00—~01 The same for Tenem‘t in Pando Street which James Parloe held, —00—01—09 The same for a Burgage i in Alto Burecte wherein John Yerbury dwelt —00—0C—01 The same for a Burgage ein Edward Dally dwelt —00—00—06 The same for another house —00—00—06 The same for a house of Hugh Couens —00—00—08 [In another hand] 46—7— 04 [End of 1st membrane.] ~ The same for the watch that cometh to the house of Mr. Methwyne —00 —00—04. S:. Thomas Hall for his two mills & Lands in Millstreete —083—15—00 ~The same for two Burgages in Pepitt Street® held by John Perkins —00—01—05 The same for a Cottage & Toft held heretofore by William Norris —00—01—00 1The same for a peece of ground held by John Jones —00—00—04 The same for a peece of ground at Scutts Gripp —00—01—06 John Bayly for one Burgage —00—01—05 The Heires of John Blanchard for two Burgages at y* South end of Pepitt Streete —00—03—03 The ffeeoffees of James Toomes for lands belonginge to the Chauntry of Trowbridge paid by Mr. Yerbury—00—09—06 Ephraim Westly gent for a Burgage in High Street called Hellyers —00—01—05 [B in margin.] Mr. Shaa for a Burgage in High Street held by William Chaundler —00—01—01 The Lady Lisle for Copp’s Burgage —00—01—09 1 [Between lines. ] 224 The Society's. MSS. Walter Graunt for one Burgage in St. Plas Streete . —00—04—00 & one pound of wax One Tenem' of y® Earle of Marlebrough in St. Plas Streete heretofore held by George (?)Aliston vnder Gregorys wifes right—now held by Mrs. Horne & Robert. Bayly [Atford] Mr. Longe for ffelthams ffarme Thomas Pinchin for one hide of Land - Mr. Eyres for one hide of Land The same for a hide of Land heretofore William West- buryes [Trowle] St William Lisle" for Lands held by William Audley ag The whole Homage of Winsley pay at Michas for their vell noble® Edmond Hort for Lands in ffoxley S' William Lisle for Lands held by Thomas Yerbury The Heires of John Blanchard! . a i—s— Ashley ffarme Bae Budbury ffarme —01—00—O00 Lardinge money’ —00—05—00 ffor ploughing parte of y® Lord’s Demeasnes —00—02— 00 [Leigh & Woolley] S* William Lisle!! for Lands held by John Smith The same for Lands paid by John Harle [In margin.} [?] S" Francis Rogers* for Lands paid by Daniell Deverell St Thomas Hall for fford ffarme John Bayly for Lardinge money’ [Wraxall] Mr. Hope Longe for Lands there Daniell Yerbury" for Lands there [Deteyned 40ty yers] The Lord 21008 for Lands there [Holt] Sir William Lisle" for lake there Thomas Blanchard for Lands there Thomas Cater for Lardinge money’ — 00—00—00:ob 000108 —00—05—00 —00—05—00 —00—05—00 —00—10-—08 —00—06— 8 —02—00—00 —00—06—00 —01—17—00 =00— 1 of (0 1960 —00—10—00 —00—00—01 — 00—05—00 —02—08—09 —00— 15—00 —01—02—02 —02—04—090b —00—00—02 —00—01—04 Law Day Silver® payable at Michas & our Lady Day by equall portons. The Tythinge of Winsley p Ann The Tythinge of Trowle p Ann The Tythinge of Holt p. Ann The Tythinge of Atworth p Ann The 'ythinge of Wraxall p Ann The Tythinge of Leigh p Ann —00—08—00 —00—04—00 —00—08—00 —00—06—00 —00—06—00 —00—07—04 Money called. Palmse-money® payable the 25th March yeareley Robert Bayly John Earle & Robert Earle for Lands in Ligh late Anthony Rogers —00—02—00 By the Rev. A. W. Stote, FS.G., Lond. The Tythinge of Wraxall The Tythinge of Trowle The Tythinge of Winsley The Tythinge of Atworth The Tythinge of Holt 225 —00—01—00 —00—01—00 — 00—02—00 —00-—01—00 —00--01—00 The ffreeholders which purchaged parte of y*° Manno’ pay yearely at Michas towards the Tenthes due to y® Kings ma" William Pawlett Esq’ for his Lands in Atworth John Hall" Esq’ for his Lands in Trowle The same for Bradfords wood John Longe Esq' for Lands in Wraxall John Kent for Lands in Winsley Mr Wadman for Reads Lands in Trowle Mr Thomas Longe for Lands in Trowle held by y° widdow Perry at Widbroke Harry Wallis Esq. for Lands in Trowle Yerburyes Land in Atworth John Earles Lands in Holt [In another hand ] [End of membrane 2. ] John Dicke for Lands in Winsley George Dicke for Lands in Stoake John Bayly for Lands in Holt Richard Earle for Lands in Leigh Robert Bayly for Lands in Leigh M" Randoll for J.ands in Wooley William Helpes for lands in Holt. William Mills now John Bayly for Lands there Jo" Richard Mille for Lands there [written between the lines] S". Thomas Hall for Lands in Leigh Mr. Tidcombe” for Lands in Winsley John Longe gent for Lands in Winsley Mr Kinge for Lands in Woolly Thomas Maultman for Gibbons Land —00—12—00 —00—15—00 —00—12—00 —00—11—10 —01—05—08 —00—02—10 —(00—01—08 — 00—02—00 —00—14—00 —00—06—00 27— 1— 7 —00—07—00 —01— 00—06 —00—05—00 —00— 01—06 —00—00—09 — 00—03—06 —00—00—02 —00 —92—00 —00—02—00 —00—00—04ob —00—06—08 —00—03—04 —00—01—06 —00—01—06 Gentlemens ffine paid yearely for Suite of Court. Sr William Lisle! John Hall" Esqr William Pawlett Esqr Ephraim Westly, gent Mr Bampfeild[ Mr Shaa over-written in another hand] The heires of Daniell Yerbury" Simon Deverell for ffishinge the river!? [In another hand {End of Membrane 3.] —00—02—00 —00—00—08 —00—01—0OO0 . —00—01—00 —00— 00—08 —00—00—08 —00— 06—00 _—. = FFs OF 226 The Society’s MSS. 17. Notes. 1, “Paulton Quarr” is no doubt Poulton Quarry, now disused. 2. “Tuley Street” or Tooley St. (St. Olave St.), is now Woolley St. 3. “Christian Wilkinson” was the name of the wife of Nathaniel Wilkinson, Vicar of Bradford (who died between 1642 and 1649). 4. A Bradford lease dated 22 Car I (1647) mentions “ Daniel Deverill,” Jun., Bayliffe of the Bradford ‘Manor of Hugh Rogers of Can- fimeton! co. Somerset, son and heir appareut of “Sir Francis Rogers,” Kt., deceased. * Pepitt St.” with Horse St., is now Market St. 6. Vell Noble.” An assessment in kind was paid at Winsley. This’ was commuted for a noble (6s. 8d.), hence “ vel-noble.” 7. “Lardinge money ” is probably the same as “larder silver,” a com- mutation fora food rent. Such a payment occurs in a number of Wiltshire lay manor rolls. [See Neilson’s “Customary Rents,” Oxford Studies in Social & Legal History, Vol. IL. pp. 32, 58.] 8. “Law Day Silver payable Michaelmas & Lady Day ”—payments made by the Tythingmen at the Law Days or days of open court. 9. ‘Money called Palmse money payable the 25th of March yearly” — probably the same as Palmson (? Palm Sunday) money. 10. “Mr. Tidcombe” was a Devizes solicitor. | 11. A record of 1629 of Lands held by Knight service gives Sir William Lisle of Holt, Daniel Yerbury of Wraxall, John Blanchard of Gt. Ashley, & John Hall of Bradford. 12. In 1629 the same sum was paid for the fishing of the river - between Bradford Bridge and Barton Bridge. mo [21 Jan. 1660.] Endorsed “ Cov‘ to levy a Fine of y* Manor of Bradford & Declaring ye uses thereof to ‘Trustees for a Term for se- curing payment of £30160 In Tail male Rem’ in Tail etc” ‘The Marquis of Winchester to pay £60 on ye 13 March 1660, £60 13 Sept. 1661, £2660 13 March 1661. Indenture dat. 21 Jan. 1660. 12 CarII. John E. of Wilts & Marg of Winchester of the 1st pt. Abraham Bush of London, Merchant, & John Bilson of London, Yeoman, of the 2nd pt. Rich*. Higden Gent., Servant to the s*. Marquis & John Parrey, of London Scrivener,! of the 3'd part. Mention—Honora wife of the said Marquis of Winchester, (Sigs. seals all missing.) Winchester, Abraham Bush, John Bilson, Ric. Higdon, . . rrey. (Wit*. sigs) Geo: Cony, Hen. Murray, Daniel Wicherley, Ra: Wilde, (?) F. Cursdon. [Endorsement on back of deed] 17 Sept 1662 £2600 p*. to Mary Dubois of London, wid. by the Marquis of W. (Sigs.) Mary dubois, Abr. Bush, John ego. (Wits sigs) John Smith, Anne Stables. 18. [2 membranes pinned together, dated (1) 28 Apl 16 Car II. 1664, (2) 25 Oct Geo 1721] Wilts Manor of Bradford. View of Frank Pledge _ | with Manor Court of John Marq. of Winchester held at B. 28 Apl 16 1 House in Bridge Rowe, London. 19. 20. 21. By the Rev, A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 227 Car. II by Philip. Fursdon & Samuel Holmes, gents, Stewards & Surveyors. Surr. by Z’hos Cooper Sen” of a Burgage in Fox Lane late Customary Tenancy of Frances Grant wid. lately dec’. Grant of same to Thos Cooper Sent: and his children Thos C Junt. & Susan C. for their lives. Fine 25° Heriot 26° Rent p.a. 2% (Sigs) P. Fursdon, Sam: Holmes. [Attached to the above, a separate membrane] Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of lady Anne Powlett Lady of the Manor held at B. 25 Oct. Geo. 1721 Surr. by Vhos. Cooper Sen* who claims by Copy dat. 28 Apl 16 Car II 1664 for his life & the life of Susanna C. now wife of James Druce gent. (the above tenancy) ‘‘ of Frances Grant wid. & lately in poss. of John Self sent dec*.” Re-grant to Thos. Cooper sent & John ©. his son, and Thomas C. s. of the said John C. for their lives. Fine 8" Heriot 20° Rent p.a. 2° (Sig) Thos. Cooper. Ex‘. by Randolph Webb Steward. [1669] Manor of Bradford cum membris. View of Frankpledge & Ct. Baron of John Marq. of Winchester held at B. 10 Oct 21 Car IL 1669 by Robt. Beech, gent, steward. Surr. by John Lydiard (Copy dat. 30 Oct 1654 for lives of himself Ann L his sis. & Thos. Gunning his nephew) of 2 Customary Tens in Leigh & Woolley & land late in ten. of Anthony Rogers dec’. & now in his own tenure. Regrant to John Lydiard & his son & said Thos. Gunning for their lives. Rent p.a. 17°, 1°. 2 heriots. Fine xxxi". {Endorsed at back.] 15 Apl 1675. Surr. by John L. & regrant to himself & his sons John & Ebenezer. [1670] Manor of Bradford. Ct. Bar. of John Marq of Winchester held there 30 Sep. 22 Car. II. 1670. Robt Beach Gent., Steward. Surr: by John Crooke who held by copy dat. 28 Apl 16 Car. Il a customary mess for his life & Edward Cottle’s. Regrant to John Crooke (except cott. etc at Bradford Bridge) for his life & lives of his daughter Maria Crook, & said Edw? Cottle. Rent 16° p.a. & Heriot. Fine £13—6—8. Ex’. by me Robt Beach [Endorsed at back] Ex at Ct. 16 Apl. 1675 & 13 Oct 1711 ‘“ Mary Crooke her copey.” [1678] Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of Francis Lord Powlett held there 4 Oct Car II. 1678. Surr. by Wm. Richmond & Joanna his wife (late Johanna Graunt dau. of Walter G. dec’) who held by Copy dat. 8 May 17 Car I of an empty space called Dunns .. . ten. of Anthony Watkins in B. next the bridge late in ten. of Anthony Druce dec! & now in ten. of Joanna Druce wid. & Relict of A D & previously in ten of Richt Burcomb. Grant to John Druce & his bros James & Jeremie Druce. Rent p.a. vit. Fine xx!, Ex Robt Beach, Steward (Sig) Fr. Powlett. [Endorsed on back] 26 Apl. 1686. (Above) James Druce admitted tenant. Ditto. 4> Oct. 30 Car. II. 1678. Surr. by Wm. Richmond etc (as above in 21) of a tenement near “le High Crosse” in B. & adjoining “le George” held previously by Henry Pickering & afterwards by Henry Howell, and afterwards by John Holton, and now by Joseph Holton, wh. premises were in the tenure of Anthony Druce dec’, & 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 2s. The Society's MSS. now are in the ten. of Joanna Druce, his widow & relict & sometime of James Morgan. Grant to John Druce & his bros James and Jeremie Druce rent p.a. ij Fine xx". (Sigs) Fr. Powlett. Robt. Beach, Steward. [Endorsed at back] 26 Apl. ’86. The within named James Druce was admitted Tenant. Rob. Beach, Steward. Ditto. Ct. Bar. held at Bradford 10 May 32 CarII. 1682. Surr: by Frances Davis widow of.a Cott. on Whitehill in B. held for her widow- hood. Grant to Rich’ Knight for lives of himself and his daus Mary & Alice. Rent 1° p.a. Fine £5 (Sigs) Fra. Powlett Rob‘ Beach; Steward. [Endorsed] 31 Oct 1711. Supetvised by Rob‘. Beach. Surrendered Dec. 30, 1713 Ditto. 11 Nov 34 Car. II. 1682. Surr: by Thomas Hervey of cust. cott. on Whitehill held by himself & Thos his son. Grant to Charles Cottles & his sons John & Benjamin for their lives. Rent p.a. xij®. Fine xu! (Sigs) Fr: Powlett, Robt. Beach. Ditto. 8 June 3 Jas. II. 1687. Surr: by Rich*. Bayly als Stokes sent of a cott. on White Hill late sin ten. of Jasper Drewett dec®. Regrant to Rich® B. als S. & his children Charles & Jane. Rent 15. Heriott, 2° Fine Ix", (Sig) Fr: Powlett Robt. Beach. [Endorsed] 31 Oct 1711 John Beeman admitted tenant in the right of Jane his wife. [1687]. (Placed among the Methuen Deedsg.v.) Manor of Bradford in Com. Wiltes Ct. Bar. of Fra. Lord Powlett held at B. 31 May 3 Jas. II 1687 Surr: by William Turner K* of a mess. in B. called Coombs held for his life & lives of Anthony & ' Paul Methwen-sons of Paul Methwin late of B. gent. dect:—by his atorneys W™. Bayly & Chas. Cottle. Grant of same to said Anthony Methwen and his sons Thomas and John, for their lives. Rent p.a. xxvi® viii? & heriot. Fine lvij## (Sigs) John Holliday. ‘Thos. Bridgmoare. Rob.* Beach, Steward. Fra: Powlett (armorial seal) [Endorsed at back] 31 Oct 1711. Super- vised. ‘7th 10>'is 1713. Surrendered by ye win named Ant. Methwen. Ditto (as in 26.) 15th Jan. 1 Wm & Mary, 1689. Surr: by Richard Stokes alias Bayly & William S. als B, of a Customay Tenancy in B. late in the ten of their Fater Robert Bayly & now in the tenure of the said Rich®, Grant to Rich’ Stokes als Bayly & Jane & Chas S. als B. his dau & son for their lives. Rent p.a. 4%. Heriot 8°. Fine 40°. (Sigs) Frs Powlett Robt Beach, Steward. [Endorsed] 31 Oct.1711. John Beeman admitted tenant in the right of Jane his wife. Ditto. (as in 26.) 4 Mar. 2 Wm. & M. 1689. Surr: by Richard Alderwick Sent- who held by Copy dat. 8 Oct. 1 Jas II. for his own life & the lives of his s. & dau. Rich*, & Ann A, a Customary Ten‘. etc. (with the use of a well in common with William Bayly). Grant of 1This Paul Methwin, Sen., was the son of Anthony M., Vicar of Frome, and died 1667. He introduced Dutch weavers to Bradford. Anthony M. lived 1650—1717. In the pedigree in the History of Bradford Thomas is said to be his only son. . 29. By the Rev. A. W, Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 229 same to William Kendall for his life & the lives of James Hodges, & Martha dau. of the said J. H. of Ashley in p. of B. worsted-comber. “Rent p.a. 2°. 114 Heriot |. Fine, xij. (Sigs) Francis Powlett. Rob! Beach, Steward. [Endorsed] 31 Oct 1711. supervised by Rob‘ Beach, Stew’. 7° Aug. 1722 Surrendered by the within named. (Sig.) Randolph Webb, Steward. Ditto (asin 26.) 16 Oct 3 Wm. & M. 1691. Surr: by Richard Timbrell of a mess. & land n’ Bradford Bridge held by copy dat. 16 Apl 16 Car. II. for his life. Regrant to R. T. for his life & the lives of Jane Timbrell dau. of Robt T. his bro. & Thos. T. another bro. of R. T. Rent xij« Heriot Fine xx', (Sigs) as in 28. [Endorsed] 31 Oct 1711. Supervised by Ro> Beach Stew. Surrendered & regranted “ to ye win named Richard & to Thomas & Jane his son & dau” (sic). 30. Counterpart of Lease for 99 years or 3 Lives dat. 25 July 3 Wm & M 31. 32. 33. 1691. Frances Lord Powlett of Englefield co. Berks. to John Mar- gerome the elder of Bradford co. Wilts Tayler. Lease of a Cott. etc at Whitehill in the Manor of B. newly erected by J. M. & formerly in the tenure of Thomas Hannam dec®. tor 99 yrs, or the lives of Sarah M. now wife of J. M. the elder, and his sons John M. the younger & Christopher M. Heriot vj’. viij*. Rent, p.a. lij®. iij4 (Sig.) John Margeram. (Sigs of wits) Francis Smith. Allin Bolwell. Lease in revertion (paper deed 3 sheets) dat. 20 May 5 Wm. & M. 1693. Francis Lord Powlett of Englefield, Co. Berks. to Robert Beach of Woolley in p. of Bradford Co. Wilts, Esqr Lease in revertion of a copyhold mess. & land in Woolley in the Manor of B. late in ten. of Christian Chandler wid. dec*. After the death, surrender, ete of John Chandler, & Joseph Chandler 2 of the sons of the s*. C. C., (who hold by copy dat. 15 Oct 1681 for 99 years & the life of Thos. King s of Harman King of West Ashton co. Wilts gent.) Rent 9° 63* half yearly. Heriot on death of T. K. £5. (Sig) Robert Beach. Armorial seal with crest a rampant demi lion rising from a coronet & couped, and arms ? vairy ? a pheon & a fleur-de-lis. (Sigs. of Wit*.) Tho: Powlett. Ric: (?) S .. .. h, [Endorsed] Lives in being are John & Joseph Chandler, Thomas King (? paid) 30—0—O0 for puting in a Life but it is worth 49—0—0. Lease in Revertion (parchment deed) dat. 20 May 5 Wm. & M. 1693. Fra; Lord Powlett to Harman King of West Ashton co. Wilts gent. For £30 Lease in Revertion of the copyhold mentioned above in 31 for 99 years if Thos. King s. of said Harman King shall so long live. (Sig) Francis Powlett (seal missing) (Sigs of .Wit*.) Robt. Beach, Richard Talboys & Ric*. Foard. [1694] Manor of Bradford. Ct. Baron of Francis Lord Powlett held there 20 Sept 1694, by Robt. Beach Esq. Admission as Tenant in Revertion of Robert Halliday toa Cust’ Ten’. in B. “ now in the tenure” of his mother Elizabeth H. wid. After her death & the death etc of Paul H. hisbro. Grant of the Tenancy in Revertion to Robert Halliday 230 | The Society’s MSS. and William Halliday son of Richard H. of B. clothier for their lives. Fine 354, Rent 3°. 44. (Sig) Fr. Powlett. [Endorsed] 11 May 1731 Robt H. admitted Tenant. Randolph Webb Gent. Stew%. 21 Oct 1735 W™. H. admitted Tenant. R. Webb (Sig) Stew. (Sigs of Wits) Mat. Smith, Charles Timbrell. 34. Ditto (as in 33.) 21 Nov. 1694. Surr: by Samuel Fry of a Mess. etc in Pippetts Street in B. late Parcel of Ten‘. called Hewes held for his life & the lives of his sons Richard & Samuel Fry. Grant of same to John Silby & his children Anne & James. Rent 2° 4%. Heriot 4° 84 Fine £13. (Sig) Fr: Powlett [Endorsed] 31 Oct 1711. Supervised by Robt Beach, Stew?. ‘‘ John Selby’s Copie.” 35. Lease for 99 years to Mr. Francis Smith dated 17 Oct. 1695. Fra. Ld Powlett of Englefield co. Berks to Francis Smith of B. Maulster. Surr. of Copyhold & pay‘. of £5. Cott. etc. on Whitehill now in ten. & occ. of the undertenant of Joane Morris, wid. near ten'*. of Rich Stokes als Baylie & Chas Cottle & a Close of Mrs.Goldisborough. Tease for 99 years or the lives of Wm Reeves of B. Labourer serv‘ to Fr. Smith, Mary now wife of W. R, and Grace Bartlett Spinster a menial servant of F.S. Rent 1%. (Sigs) Francis Smith. Seal crest, eagle rising from cap of maintenance. (Wit sigs) Thos. Brogmon & Mary Knight. 36. [11 June10Anne1711] Manorof B. Coppof Ct. R. John Williams & Honora his wife & Strodus Blackbury who claim by copy dat. 14 Dee. 17. Wm. III. 1695 a mess. etc in Church St. in B. Surr. of same. Grant to Thos Plurrett s. of John P. of B. skinner, & Ebenezer & Noah bros. of T. P. Rent 2°. &heriot. Fine £25. (Sig) Fra: Powlett. [Endorsed] 31 Oct. 1711. Supervised by Robt Beach, Stew?, 37. [23 Oct. 1716] Bradford Manor., Ct. Bar. of Lady Anne Powlett Randolph Webb Gent. Stew*. Surr. by John Silby sen’- who holds for his life and lives of his children Anne & James a mess. ete in Pippett St in B. (formerly in ten. of Sam! Fry Sent dec*. & lately parcel of tent — called Hewes. Grant to Daniel Bright for his life and the lives of the above Anne & James S. Rent 2°. 4% Heriot 4%. 84. Fine £5.7—6 (Sig) Daniel Bright [Endorsed at back] Mem. by R. eee (sig) of the situation and dimensions of the tenement. 38. [Court Leet Book, Bradford Manor, 1720, 1721, 1728. 16pp. paper roughly stitched in a parchment cover cut from an old lease, Randell— Hewett.] Manor of B. Court Leet with Ct. Bar. of Lady Anne Powlett held 5 May 6 Geo 11720. Randolph Webb Gent. Steward. Tho. Tidcomb, Bailiff of the Manor. Tho. Tucker, Richt Timbrell, Jacob Silby, & Wm. Russell Homage. John Self, Bailiff of the Hun- dred. Jo. Self, Junt-» Portreeve. Presentments. (1) Ebenezer Lyddiard of (?) Brookeham, Clothier admitted tent of copyhold at Leigh & Woolley (now in poss of Wm Webb) for his life. Adm‘ by his attorneys, Rich‘ Timbrell of B. serge-maker, & Thos Tucker, of B. farrier (two of the homagers). Sigs By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond, 231 of Wits. Wm. Kendoll, James Silby, John Orpen.! (2) The same by the same homagers Surr. the above copyholds in Woolley. Same Wit*. sigs. (Sig.) Randolph Webb, Stew*. Court Leet with Ct. Bar. 10. May 6. Geo I. 1720 Randolph Webb, Steward. Tho Tidcomb, Bailiff of the Manor. John Self Sent: Bailiff of the Hundred,sworn, Jos. Hull, Jno Self in loco Robte Holliday, Constables of the Hundred. Tithingmen. Wingfeild: Wm. Howell. Attworth: Jo. West. Holt: John Tompkins in place of Mrs. Godwyn. ‘Trowle Magna: Thos Mays in place of widow Watts 6° 8°. §S. Wraxell: Rich* Tayler. Winsley : Rich®, Tyley. Leigh & Woolley : Jo. Margerum in place of Thos Beach. Comberwell : Jo. Newton. Limpley Stoke: Wm. Huntly. Chawfeild Magna: Thos. Miles. Broughton Gifford: ‘‘Cume Cane.” Burgh of Bradford. Portreeve: Jo. Self Senr, Constables of the Burgh : Chas. Donwick & Titus Rake. Coroners of the Markets (‘‘ Coranar Marcat’”’) Jo. Silby Junr & Chas Henton. “ Sigill Corij” (? Inspectors of Weights & Measures) Jo. Cooper & Jo. Beverstock. Hayward: W™ Gibbs. ‘Constables & Tything men for the year 1720. Holt: Wm. Hartford. Wm. Woodley (Sworn). Troal Magna: Sam! Gilbert. South Wraxall : Dan! Brown. Winfeild: Wm Hobbs. Attworth: Maria Cottle, wid. Wm Withey (Sworn). Winsly : Edw®. Thresher, Jo. Margeram, sworn. Charvel Magna: Thos, Miles. Leigh & Woolley: Joan Foot, Jo. Margeram, sworn. Limpley Stoake: Wm. Huntly. Cumberwell: Jo: Newton. Broughton Gifford : Cum Cane. Constables of the Hundred : Jo. Orpensworn. Wm. Lewis, in his place Jo. Self sworn. Portreeve: Jo. Self. Constables of the Borough: Jo. Silbey Junt-, W™ Spender. Market Coroners (Coronat Mercati) Thos. Garrett & Rob tCooper. “Sigil Corij’(Inspectors of Measures ?)Abra. Hanny & Barnett Boscomb. Hayward : Wm. Gibbs. Manor of B. C. Bar of Lady Powlett, Lady of the Manor, held 17 Aug. 7 Geo I 1720. Randolph Webb, Steward, and Wm. Dick, Deputy Bailiff. Homage: Gab., Cox, Jo. Penny, & Jo. Margerome. John Self, Portreeve. Surr: by Thos Cooper of Stoford co. Wilts gent. of Mess. called Cooks, a copyhold in B. held by copy dat. 10 Apl 4 Jas. II 1688 for the lives of himself & his s. Jo. C. (Sigs of Homage) Gabriel Cox, John Margem, & John Penny. Admission as Tenant of Same Granted to Edward Thresher of Ankly co. Wilts, Baker for his life & “‘ John his now son.” Surr. of same by said Edward Thresher. Manor Hundred and Borough of B. View of Frank Pledge & Ct. Bar. of Lady Anne Powlett held at B. Market Place 25 Oct 7 Geo I. 1720, by Randolph Webb, gent. Steward. Bailiff of the Manor: Matthew Smith. Bailiff of the Hundred: Jno Self Junt. deputy. Constables of the Hundred Jo. Orpen & Jo. Self Sent (in place of Wm. Davis). Tithingmen. Holt: Wm. Woodley in place of Wm. Hartford. Troul Magna: Samuel Gilbert. Southrexell : Dan! Brown 6° 8%, Winfeild : Wm. Hobbs. Attworth: Wm Withey in place of Marie Cottle, wid. Winsly : John Margeran in place of Edw’ Thresher. Charvel Magna: 1 Gainsborough’s “‘ Parish Clerk” was an Orpen, of Bradford. 939 The Society’s MSS. Tho. Miles. Leigh & Woolley: Jo. Margeran in place of Joan Foot. Limpley Stoak: Wm. Huntly. Cumberwell: Jo. Newton 6° 8%, Broughton Gifford : Cum Cane. Jo. Selfe Sent. Portreeve. Constables of the Borough: Jo. Silby Junr & Wm. Spender. Market Coroners : Thos. Barrett & Robt. Cooper. Sigill Corij ; Abrah. Hanny & Barnett Boscombe. Hayward: Wm. Gibbs. “Jas. Smith, Wm. Grant, pound breach.” Jury for the Hundred of B: Mr. James Capp, Giddion Tanner. Tho. Sumpsion, Jo. Godwyne, Robt Bull,Wm-:Sauney, Tho. Eyles, Jo. Clarke, Wm. Matthews, Gabriel Chevers, Wm. Robbins (erased). Roger Earl, John Earl, Jacob Sparks (? James), Robt Box, John Ward, Sam! Sheppard, Humphrey Clark, Jo. Wiltshire, Wm Young, Gabriell | Sheppard, Robt. Parker, Robt Browne. Mr. Poss (? Posthumous) Bush, Henry Liddiard (erased), Wm. Sertain. Jury for the Borough of B: Tho. A Land, Geo Kirkpatrick, Wm. 4 Andrews, Wm. Stennard, Rich’ Chepmen, Robt Hanny, Francis Marks, Rich? King, John Crook, W™ Cray, Tho. Brown. Tho. Hillier, Teanee Myles, Rich Saar edly, Mich. ‘lidcomb, Henry Lilliard, John Smith, Joseph Stennard, W™. Millard, Anth. Gotsell, Roger Deverell. Jury for the Homage: John Orpen, W™ Bayly, Jo. Penny, Jo. Beman, Jo. Margeran, Tho. Tucker, Dan. Hicks, Rich* Timbrell, Jo. Wastfeild. Matthew Smith and Tho. Duke gent, sworn affeerers. Manor of B. Ct. Bar of Lady Anne Powlett held 21 Mar. 7 Geo I. 1720, by Randolph Webb Steward there. Homage: Rich* Timbrell, Tho. Tucker, & Jo. Margeram. Robt. Hanny, Bailiff of the Hundred. | By letter of attorney dat. 14 Mar. (1720/1) Rich? Timbrell of B. sergemaker & Tho. Tucker of B. farrier, Homagers, were. admitted Tenants on behalf of Robert Cornich, & Joan VU. “his now wife” land in B. adjoining Sam’. Frys tenem'. now in poss. of R. C & J. C & held for the life of Joan C. (Sigs) Randolph Webb, Tho. Tucker and the mark of R. Timbrell. Surr. of the same for the same parties. Same sigs and also Robt Hanny and the mark of Jno Margeram. Manor of B: Ct. Bar. of Lady Powlett held at Limpley Stoke Monday 8 May, 7 Geo. I 1721, by Randolph Webb Steward & Robt Hanny | Bailiff of the Hundred of B. Jo. Margeram Portreeve. Homage: Tho. Tucker & Rich*. Timbrell. Surr. by Ebenezer & Noah Plurratt, bros | of Thos Plurratt late of B. dec*, of a Cust. mess. in Church St. p. of B. now in poss. of Sarah P. wid. wh. they held by Copy dat. 11 June1711 | for their lives in Revertion of Sarah P’s widowhood. (Sigs) Noah | Plurt & Eb. Plurret. Marks of Jo. Margeram & Ric* Timbrell, Tho. | Tucker, Robart Hanny. Randolph Webb, Stew. Manor of Bradford. Ct. Bar. of Lady Anne Powlett held at B. 15 Oct. 2 Geo. II. 1728 by Randolph Webb Steward. Admision as | Ten‘. of Mary Palmer for her widowhood etc. Surr. by his Attorneys | (Jo. Harvey & Rich* Timerell) of Zhos Stokes of mess. etc in Whitehill | p. of B. held by copy dat. 5 Apl. 1682 for his life. (Sigs) Jo. Harvey ; | mark of Rich¢.Timerall (? Timbrell), Tho. Tucker, mark of Jo. Margeram ' (Homagers) R. Webb, Stewd4. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, FS.G., Lond, 233 Manor of B. Ct. Baron of Lady Anne Powlett held 8 May 7 Geo I 1721. Surr. by Hlenezer & Noah Plurrett (as Tenants in Reversion after widowhood of Sarah Plurrett) who hold by Copy dat.11 June 1711. Mess. in Church St. in B. Substitution of the lives of Rachel & Clement P. s. & d. of Thos. P. dec*. & of the sd. Sarah P. (admitted Tenant) Rent 2° p.a. Heriot. Fine £11. (Sig) Thos Dicke, Guardian to We & ©. le [Counterpart of Reversionary Lease Lady Powlett to Mr Mat. Smith dat. 19 June I Geo. III. 1727] Anne Lady Powlett of Englefield Co. Berks, wid. & Hon Anne Bright of E, wid. & Relict of Rev. Nathan Bright late of Englefield, clerk, dec* & also sole dau. & h. of Hon. Francis Lord Powlett late of EK, dect to Matthew Smith of B. co. Wilts, clothier. Recites Lease dat 26 Apl. 6 Wm & Mary 1694 Lord Fra: Powlett to Francis Smith of B. Malster (since dec‘) Copyhold in Tooley St. in B. then in ten. of Zhos. Lewis clerke for 99 yrs. or for his life & lives of Gabriel Cox of B (since dec*) serge-dresser & Wm. Reeves of B. husbandman. Lease of same to M.S. on the death of Wm. Reeves for 99 years or the lives of Mathew Smith’s sons, Francis aged about 4 years & Mathew junr aged about 2 years. Rent 4° 44 p.a. Heriot 6°84 Fine £16. (Sig) Mat. Smith. (Wit*. Sig) Randolph Webb, Sam! Webb Junr. Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of Lady Anne Powlett held 19 June 2 Geo II. 1728. by Randolph Webb, Gent, Stew*. Grant to Samuel Cooper of the Reversion of a Cott. ete on Whitehill nr B. (formerly in ten. of Thos. Bayly als Stokes & now of s¢8.C) for his life & Eliza his dau. after the death etc of Thos. B. als S. Fine £21. Rent 1%. herriot 2°. The mark of Samuel Cooper. Prebendal Manor of B. Ct. Bar. held there 6 Dec. 8 Geo. II. 1734. Ct. B. of Evelyn Duke of Kingston, Lord Farmer of the s4 Manor before Thos, Trigge, Deputy to Jo. Trigge, gent., Steward. Homage : Wm. Halliday, Rich*. Burcombe, John Palmer. Grant to Daniel Jones of B (aged c. 11 yrs) s. of Dan. J of B dyer dec’. & of Elizabeth his w. Mess. & land (Home Close, & Somer Leaze) in Trowle late in poss. of D. J. dec? & now in occ. of Eliz J. for his life & lives of his sis. Elizabeth (aged c 24 yrs) & his bro. Thos. J. (aged c 6 years) Fine £240. (Sig) Thos Trigge. [10 Apl. 8 Geo. II. 1735] Prebend Manor of B., with its members. Ct. B. of Evelyn D. of Kingston upon Hull, Lord Farmer, held before John Trigge, gent, Steward. Surr. by John Palmer, carpenter, & cus- tomary tent- of 2 cust. Tent’. now divided into 4, tents- in Fox Lane B. late in ten. of John Vaughan in the right of his W. then late Mary Marks with land viz. 1 ac in enclosure of Jo. Cooper Esq. nr. the Brook in Kingsfield, 2 ac in Harry Lyddiard’s, 1 ac in Tadsley, 3 ac. Forewords Common, 6 ac. in Avonfield, 1 ac. at Almshouse Hill, 3 ac. in Yeamead, 1 ac in Wynterleaze, 2 ac at Whitehillin B. And pt of cust. Lands held for his life & lives of Wm Palmer & Chas. P. his sons by Copy VOL. XLI,—NO. CXXXIV. R 234 44. The, Society's MSS. dat. 16 Dec. 1727. Grant to J. P-of the Mess. now 4 Tents in “ Fox St., otherwise Whitehead’s Lane” & lands in Kingsfield nr. Pinchmead & nr. Woolley etc, etc, (named above), also close “Stump’s Cross” next a piece “‘having the footpath from B. to Trowbridge” . . . lands late in poss. of Francis Yerbury dec* “Gt. Wall Mead.” Ref: (pt. of Hawkins’ copy now in poss. of Mr Jas. Fellows ment*.) Ref: Elms Croft field nr. the Almshouse. to J. P. & hissons Wm & Charles for their lives. Rent p.a. 98.10°, Heriot £5. Fine£11 18. (Sig) Jo. Trigge Stew?. Manor of B. Ct. Br. of Powlet Wright Esq. held 27 Apl 1738 by Randolph Webb, Gentleman, Steward. Admission of Robt. Jones the elder to a mess. called Helps or Smuttons nr. Sayes Green p. of B. now in his ten. for his life & lives of his sons Thos. & Robt. Rent 5%. Heriot 2°. Fine £6. (Sigs) Powlett Wright, Ran. Webb., Stew?. (Endorsed) “No use. Lease granted by Mr. Wright to Thos (? Satridge) for 99 years dat‘. on the 3 lives on fine certain.” 44a. [Ditto as above, 44.] 25 Apl. 1738. Surr. by Jane Tucker wid. of Copyhold Mess. on Whitehill p. of B. formerly in ten. of Wm. Batchellor & late of Rich*. Knight dec’. Regrant to J. T. for lives of her son John T. and Thos & Caleb sons of Wm. Batchellor. J.T. admitted Tent. Rent 18. Heriot 2° Fine £6. 44b. [Ditto as 44.] 27 Apl, 1738. Grant to Thomas Haskell of Mess, 45. 46. 47. called Dainton’s on Whitehill p. of B. late in ten. of Joan Hanny wid. dect for his life & lives of hiss. John (by his now wife Elizth.) & his s. Thos. (by his former wife Jane) Rent 5%. Heriot 3° 4%. Fine £21. (Sigs.) Powlett Wright, Sam. Webb, Stew*. Prebend Manor of B. with appurtenances. Ct. Bar. of Evelin Duke of Kingston upon Hull, Lord Farmer, held Sat. 9 June 12 Geo. II. 1739 before John Trigge, gent, Steward. Homage: Wm. Holliday, Rich? Burcomb, Jo Shrapnel, Jo. Palmer, Wm. Tapnel. Surr. by Thos. Cooper Esq (a Cust Tent) to a cott. wool loft, & land held by Copy dat. 10 Apl 1735. Regrant of same to said Thos. C. & Sarah C., dau. of st T. C. & Frances his wife aged about 14 yrs & Frances Cooper, — youngest dau. of st T.C.& F.C.aged$yr. Rent 1°8* Not heriotable. Fine £36. (Sig) Jo. Trigge (Endorsed); Mrs. Garth’s Copys.” [Ditto as 45.] Sat. 9 June 9 Geo. HH. 1739. Surr. by Thos. Cooper Esq. (a cust. Tent.) of Cott. ete. in B. & land on “Stimple Hill” & at “ Woolies Elme,” & on ‘‘ Hare Knapp” (late in ten. of Susannah Druce wid.) held by copy dat. 10 Apl. 1735. Regrant of Same to T. C. & his daus. by Frances his wife viz Sarah, aged c 13 yrs, & Frances (youngest dau.) aged c% yr. Rent 3° 4°. Heriot £5. (Sig.) Jo. Trigge. “Counterpart of Wm. Baber’s Copy in Revertion” 22 May 1729. — Manor Hundred & Borough of B. “ Ct. Leet & View of Frank Pledge of our Sov. Lord the King & Ct. Bar. of the Hon. Powlett: Wright Esqr Lord of the Manor Hundred & Borough of B.” before Wm. Assenton gent. Steward. Grant in Reversion to Wiliam Baber (age about 12 By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond, 235 years) s. of Samuel Baber of a Burgage in Fox Lane in B. part of the Cust. ten’. of Frances Grant, wid, dec’. [formerly in poss. of Thos. Cooper the elder dec? who held by Copy dat. 25 Oct. 1721, for his life & the lives of his s. John Cooper, & Thos. C., s of the s? Jo. C.] for the life of Wm. B. after the death of Jo. C. & Thos. C. his son. Rent 28, Heriot 20%. Fine £11. (Sigs) William Baber, Th. Assenton, Stew. 47a. [Indenture Tripartite dat. 1 Mar. 15 Geo. II. 1741. ref. to the 48. Bankruptcy of Anthony Druce. ref. to several Wills. | Copyhold Land in Winsley in the Manor of the Rectory of B. taken by Jo. Wilshere from the Commissioners in Bankruptcy (1st parties). (ist) John Bissy, of Monkton in Broughton Gifford co Wilts yeoman, Thos. Dike of Bradford, glazier, & Rich”. Whatley of B. baker. (2d) Anthony Druce of B. clothier. (3d) John Wilshere of Winsley in B. slaymaker. Hecites Indenture 23 Mar 1733 (1) Jo. Dawe late of Turlyn, p of B. but then of City of Bath Gent ; Edmund Dawe of Turly gent; Chas Dawe of Dennington co Somerset, gent; Thos. Read of same gent; Rich? Grant of Bradford Leigh grazier & John Wilshere of 'T’. yeoman. (2) Anth. Druce of B. clothier Recites Indenture 6 Feb. 1727 (1st) Jo. Dawe then of Charlton Horethorn co Somerset gent, devisee under the Will of Jo. Curle Hsq his late grandfather dec’ & administrator of the Goods of Chas. Dawe his late f. dec*, with will annexed ; and also Admin: of Thos Dawe dec*. Walter Long of Wraxall co Wilts Esq. & Joseph Houlton of Trowbridge Esq surviving Trustees of Will of s*. Jo. Curle. Thos. Edgar of Charlton Horethorn clerk & Herbert Hussey of same gent., surviving Trustees of will of Chas Dawe dec*. (2%) Jo. Thresher of B. Esq. Exor of the last will & also s. & h. of Edw Thresher late of B. gent. dec’. Recites Trust Deed dat. 22 Mar. 1733 of Mary Baskerville of Woolley sp. 3copyholds of the Manor of the Rectory of Bradford in Turlyn p. of B. formerly granted by Jo. Hall Esq dec? to Anne Curle for her life & then in poss, of Jo. Dawe, Edmund Dawe, Chas. Dawe, Thos. Reed, Rich* Grant, & Jo. Wilshere. (Ist parties) The Trustees, J. D., E. D., C.D. & T. R. (2nd parties) R. E., J. W., & Rich*. Broad of Turlyn, carpenter. (3rd Party) Mary Baskerville of Woolly p. of B. spinster. Ref. to will of Francis Roche, of B. innholder dec’. Eastcroft in Winsley bought by Anth. Druce of the above Trustees is vested in the Commisioners of A. D’s Bankruptcy (Commission dat. 29 May 13 Geo. II) & sold by them to J. W. [9 Jan. 22 George II. 1748] Prebend Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of Evelyn D. of Kingston-upon-Hull Lord Farmer of the Manor, held at B. by Daniel Clutterbuck, gent, steward. Surr. by John Palmer, carpenter (a cust. Tent-) of 4 Tents. in Fox St otherwise Whiteheads Lane & lands (Ref: to Kingsfield nr Pinchmead & Woolley, Forwards Lane, Common, nr. Whitehill, Yeamead, Avonfield, footpath from B to Trowbridge, land late in poss. of Fras. Yerbury dec’, Crabtree Close, Taplin’s, Hawkin’s late Mr Jas. Fellows, Elmscroftfield Almshouse, Windersleys) all in p. of B. held for his life and life of his son Chas. Palmer by copy Rees 236 49. 50. The Society's MSS. dat. 10 Apl 1735. Grant of Same to Chas. Palmer (s. of above John P) | and John P. (s. of st C. P & aged c. 1 year) for their lives. rent 9°. 10%. Heriot £5. Fine £70. (Sig.) Dan. Clutterbuck Steward. [Ditto asabove in 48] Monday 23 Aug. 30 Geo. II. 1756, Admission as tenants in revertion of William Goodall Burcombe (aged c 16 years) & his sis. Mary Lovinge Easton (w. of Mr. Wm. E) s. & dau. of Rich4. Burcombe late a Cust. Tent. of a mess. in Margaret St. B. (nr mess. sometime Mr. Druce’s now Mr. Cooper & nr a mess. sometime Mr Druce’s now Mr. Cooper & nr. a mess. sometime Mr Ferris’ now Sam! Bechellon & now in occ. of Mr. Wm. Crabb) for their lives after for- feiture etc of Elizabeth Burcombe wid. who holds the same ‘for her fire bench” and the death surrender etc of Edward Burcombe (bro. of W. G. B.) who holds the same for his life by copy dat. 2 Aug. 1571 rent 1°. 84. Fine £56 (Sig) Dan. Clutterbuck, Steward. Prebend Manor of B. 8 Aug. 28 Geo. III. 1788. Ct. Bar. of Hon Daines Barrington Esq. (surviving Trustee of will of Evelyn D. of Kingston-upon-Hull dec*.) Lord Farmer of the Manor, before Joseph Smith, gent. Steward. Surr. by Thos. Bush of B. clothier & Sam! Raynor, of B. gent, of a cott. etc in B. called ‘“Hendys” & lands (Elmcross field & field in Poulton) held by copy dat. 15 Jan. 1788 for lives of Jas Beaven of Whaddon, yeoman, Chas Cadby (s. of Robt C. of B. carpenter) & Sam! Chapman (s. of Sam! C. of Semington, yeoman.) Grant of same to T. B, S. R. & said James Beaven (aged c 26 years) Rent 4°. & heriot Fine 1° T. B. & S. R. adm®, tents. (Endorsed) 31 May 1788. 12 ac (Elmcross field) sold to Jo. Hinton of B. cloth- worker & 22 ac. (Poulton) to Sam!, Bailward & Zach Shrapnel both of B. Esqs. (Sigs.) Thos. Bush, Sam! Raynor, & Jas. Beaven. (Wit. sig) Thos. Carter. [Endorsed] 16 May 1788 License to T. B, S. R, & J. B. to demise ““ Hendys” Elmcross & Poulton properties. N.B. Declaration of Trust 2 June 1788. “Hendys” used for a workhouse for the poor of B. 50a. [Placed among the Methuen Deeds, g.v. 6. May, 18 Geo. III. 1778.] 51. Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of Paul Methuen Esq Lord of the Manor, held there 6 May 1778 by Dan! Clutterbuck, gent, Steward. Surr. by Thos. Haskell (one of the sons of Thos. H. dec*) who held by Copy dat. 27 Apl 1738, mess. called Dainton’s on Whitehill p. of B. late in ten. of Joan Hanny wid. dec*. Grant of same to Benj. Fisher of B. for his life & lives of his sons James (aged c 10 yrs) & George (aged c 4 years). Rent: 5*, Heriot 3°. 44. Fine £16. (Sig.) Dan' Clutterbuck, Stew‘. {Headed as 50, g.v.] Preb. Manor. 8 Aug 28 Geo. IIIT 1788. Surr. by Thos. Bush of B. clothier of reversion of mess. wool-loft & land in B, held by Copy dat. 13 June last for life of himself & of his dau Catherine | (aged c. 8 years) after death etc. of Frances Garth wid. (formerly Frances Cooper, youngest dau. of Thos. Cooper Esq. & Frances his w. both dec*) who claims by copy dat. 9 June, 1739. Regrant of Reversion to the same after death etc of same. Fine 1‘. each, & both adm? tents. in reversion. (Sig.) Jos. Smith, Stew? ——————— Ss 52. 53. 54. y inish By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., London. 237 [Headed as 50. 9.v.] Preb. Manor. 16 May 28 Geo. III 1788. Surr. by Samuel Bailward of B.Esq. of reversion of mess. & dovehouse & land in B. (Kingsfield, Common, Berfield, Elmscrossfield (Hawkins) held by copy dat. 15 Jan. last for the lives of his sons Thos Shewell B. & Sam! Groome Bailward after death etc of his now wife Anna Maria (late A. M. Stevens) who claimed by Copy dat. 24 Aug, 1761. Grant of reversion of same to T. 8. B. aged 6 yrs & S. G. B. (aged abt. 2 yrs.) after death etc of st A. M. B. Rent 8° 9%. Heriot £5. Fine 1’. (Sig) Jos. Smith, Stew‘. Prebend Manor of B. Bradford Workhouse. [Declaration of Trust dated 2 June 1788. Messrs. Bush, Raynor, & others & the Parish of Bradford. 4 Documents wrapped up in the Deed, viz. 2 copies of Ct. Roll & 2 papers. |] ! Declaration of Trust. Thos. Bush, clothier & Sam! Raynor, gent. both of B. & Jas Beaven of Whaddon, Co. Wilts, yeoman. Recites 50. g.v. T. B. & S. R. p*. Lord of Prebend Manor of B, £230 fine & £4 costs (1) to sell land (12 ac. “ Elmscrossfield” & 24 ac “ Poulton”) to Wm. Stevens & Jo. Woods who with T. B. & S. R. are Churchwardens & Overseers of the Poor of B. (II) T. B’& S. R. to hold “ Hendys” in trust for a workhouse for the Poor of B. held by them by copy dat. 16 May 1788 (q.v.) (Sigs) I. B.,S. R., & J. B. (Wit. sigs) Jas Mundy & Thos. Carter (of B. gent). [Wrapped up in the Deed are] (a) Ct. Bar. of Preb. Manor of B. 16 May 1788. License to T. B. & 8. R. to demise the above properties held by T. B. S. R. & J. B. by copy of same date. (b) Ditto. Same date. Surr. by T. B. & S. R. of same properties held by copy dat. 15 Jan. 1788 for lives as in 50 q¢.v. [ Mem. at back] 31 May 1788. 12 ac. in “ Elmscrossfield” sold to John Hinton of B. clothworker. 24 ac. in “Poulton” sold in parcels to Sam! Bailward & Zachariah Shrapnell both of B. Esqrs. (Sigs) Thos. Carter, Thos, Bush, S. R & J. B. (ce) Notice (on paper) dat. 23 Jan., 1845, to the Kennet & Avon Canal Co. from the solicitors of the Churchwardens & overseers of the Poor of B. (Timbrell & Merrick of B) of the death of Jas. Beaven (d. 28 July 1844) & recites Grant by late Zach. Shrapnell dec* of lands to the Canal Co. (copy dat. 20 Nov 1811) for lives of Jo. Jones of Woolley Esq & Walter Long of Rood Ashton, Esq. To pay rent to the Churchwardens & overseers of B. (d) Receipt (on) paper) dat. 26 Apl 1806 for heriot of £21 on the death of Samuel Raynor. (Sig) (?) Wm. Clavell. [6 Apl. 35 Geo. III 1795] Prebend Manor of B. Ct. Bar. of William Clavill Esq., Lord Farmer of the Manor, before Joseph Smith, gent, Steward. Admision of Thos. Bush (8. of Thos. B. of B. Esq.) aged 9 years to the Reversion of Cott. & land in B.(Stimple Hill, Woolleys Elm, Hareknapp formerly in ten. of Susanna Druce Wid.) after the deaths etc of IT. B. the father & Caroline B his dau. (Ref. Cop dat. 8 Aug 28 Geo III. 1788) rent 38. 4°. Heriot £5. Fine £18. [Endorsed in pencil] 8 Aug., 1788. 9 Aug 1821. 12 Feb. 1819. [Lease in Reversion, 4 July, 1 Geo III 1727]. Lady Anne Powlett of Englefield co. Berks, wid., Hon. Anne Wright of E. wid. & Relict of 238 The Society's MSS. Rev. Nathan Wright of E., clerke dec’ & also sole d. & h. of the Hon. Francis Lord Powlett of E. dec. And Thos. Barber of B. co. Wilts, clerk. A Garden (enclosed out of the ‘‘ French Grass Ground” bet. the Gardens of Thos. Bush & Jas Willett) now in poss. of s*. T. B. Recites Indenture of Lease tripartite dat. 17 May 1722 (1) Ann Wright, (2) Ann Lady Powlett, (3) Jas. Willett. T.B. hold same on lease on deaths of John Bush (s. of Thos B.) & Jas. Willett (s. of above Jas. W.) Lease in Reversion to T. B: (on expiration of above Lease) for 99 years or life of Eliz* Blatchley dau. of John B. of Batheaston Co. Somerset, Tailor. rent p.a. 4%.79 (Sigs) & Armorial Seals (lozenges) An. Powlett, A. Wrighte. (Wits sigs)Randolph Webb, Saml Webb Junr. 56. [Prebend Manor of Bk. 8 Mar 51 Geo. III 1811] Wm: Clavill Esq. Lord Farmer, Edw‘. Luxford, gent. Stew’. (Sig). Surr. by Jo. Lea of Walcot co. Somerset Esq. (a Cust. ent.) “ Rowass Close,” a parcel under “‘Goldhill” nr. Andrew Blatchley’s, & a “‘ crooked parcel in South field” (in occ. of Mr Hoddinot) held by copy dat. 23 May 1768. Surr. of Reversion of same props, 4 Mar., 1811 by Jos. Emerson, of Lyme Co. Dorset Esq. & Susannah his wife late Susanna Lea spinster, dauy of above Jo. L. & a Cust. ten* £190 paid by Jo. Newton to Jo. Physic, Luke Evill, & Jo. Hodge as Trustees for Jo. Lea. Grant of same props to John Newton of Limpley Stoke Co. Wilts Esq. for lives of Jo. Lea & Susannah Emerson. rent 3°. 6%. Heriot 2¢s. Fine 1°. [57.] [Manor of Holt, Bradford. 15 Oct. 2Geo. IV. 1821. N.B.—This deed was retained by Mr. J. Moulton, the donor of this parcel of deeds, for a friend, and is not amongst the Society’s deeds. | Ct. Bar. of Rev. Jo. Burton Watkin, clk, Lord of the Manor, before Rich*. Welford, gent, Stew*. Surr. by Jo. Hunt Godwin of Holt, yeoman, (copyhold ten*.) mess. ete. formerly in ten. of Elizth. Karle & now of Jo. Ayliffe as tent- to J. H. G., held by Copy dat. 6 May 1778. Regrant to J. H. G. (aged ¢ 45 yrs) for his life & lives of his daus. Johanna (aged ¢ 13 yrs.) & Elizabeth (aged c 11 yrs.) rent 2%. 44. Heriot 1, Fine £20, (Sig) Richt Welford, Steward. 58. [Prebend Manor of B. 27 Mar. 9 Geo. IV.1828] Ct. Bar. of the Dean 59. & Chapter of Bristol Lords of the same Manor before Geo. Rogers, gent., Steward. (Sig) Admission (in Reversion) of Thos. Hosier Saunders of B. Esq. to tent in B. part of “ Capons” now in his occ. for lives of Thos. Bush Saunders (aged c. 20 yrs) his son after the death ete of Francis Yerbury (aged c 27) & John William Yerbury (aged ¢ 25 years) who hold by copy dat. 2 May 1811 rent 1*. Heriot Fine £19. [Prebend Manor of B. 8 Jan. 1861] before Jos. Bessell, gent, Steward, Admision (as Tent: in Reversion) of Thomas Bush Saunders of Lincolns Inn, Co. M’sex Esq. Administrator & heir at law of Thos. Hosier Saunders formerly of B. but late of Brompton Co. M’sex Esq dec? of tent. & garden in B. part of “Capons” formerly in occ. of T. H. S., but — now of the Sisters of Mercy held by Copy dat 27 Mar 1828 [as above Jo. Wm. Yerbury ‘“‘since Dec. 8.”] (Sig). Josh Bissell, Stew*. [En- dorsed] ‘‘ Admission in Reversion of T. B. 8. Esqre to premises formerly part of Anthony Druce’s Tenement.” 60. 61. 62. 63. By the Rev, A. W. Stote, F.S,G., Lond. 239 [Deed of Enfranchisement of a Copyhold, dat. 2 Dec. 1861 Prebend Manor of B.] (1) The Dean & Chapter of Bristol Lords of the Preb. Manor of B. of the Ist part (2) Rt. Hon Henry Thos. Earl of Chichester & Wm Deeds Esq. MP Commissioners under Act. 14 & 15 Vict “ To facilitate the management & improvement of Kpiscopal & Capitular Estates in England” of the 2nd part. & (3) Thos. Bush Saunders of Lincolns Inn co. M’sex Esq of the 3rd part Recites 58 & 599.v. Conveyance of the property by the Church Estates Commissioners to T. B. 8. the copyhold being enfranchised (£75). Recites that T. B. S. mar@. his present wife since 1 Jan. 1834 & property not to be subject “‘to the dower of any wife of him” (Sigs) Chichester, Wm Deeds, (Wit) Chas Joseph Ellis. Seal of the D & C of Bristol but sigs of Ist & 2d parties wanting. W. W. Webb 41 Broad St. Bristol wit. affixing of seal of D & Cof Bristol. [Plan in margin of Deed. ] Final award by the Commissioner concerning Public Roads over Bradford Manor, 1818—19. [Imperfect and undated, 2 large sheets of parchment. | Thos. Davis of Horningsham Co. Wilts, gent Commissioner under the Act for enclosing Lands in p. of B 58 Geo. III. (Atford [Atworth] Common, Bradford Leigh & Forwards Common)and other Acts (General Inclosure Act) Ref: Manor of B. of Chas. Herbert Earl Manvers. Manor of B. of Paul Methuen Esq. Prebend Manor of B. of the Dean & Chapter of Bristol. Rights of Common etc held by the Earl Manvers, Elizth. Hale, wid, Dan! Clutterbuck Esq., & others. ‘T’. D. held meetings at the New Bear Inn (Benj. Mason) in 1818—19. appointed Dan! Clutterbuck Esq. Banker, & Jo. Bush of B. gent. clerk & heard claims of rights and received objections. 2 Feb. 1819 & 4&5 May 1819 & 10 Nov. 1819. Final Award concerning Carriage Roads & Highways: viz. Bath & Melksham R®*. over Atworth Common towards Melksham. Whitley R®. over Purlpit Green towards Whitley. Bradford & Corsham R‘, from Bradford Town over Bradford Leigh Common. Frankley R4. from Coulters Lane over Bradford Leigh Common. Blackacre R* from Mary Finch’s Farm over Bradford LeighCommon. Woolley & Staverton R? over Forwards Common. Bradford & Melksham R4 over Forwards Common. [See Horton Collection of Deeds.] Manor of Westwood. View of Frank (pledge) & ct. Bar held there 11 Apl. 5 Edw“. VI. 1551. License from John Plear, Tenant, to demise a meadow (51 ac) called “ Plears Mede” to Margery Horton, widow for term of 21 yrs. M. H. p’ 5s. & 10° entry & 2°. annually for fine. (Sig) John Poulet, Deputy Steward to the Erle of Wiltes ; [8 copies of Court Roll fastened together dat. 1756—1812. | (1) Manor of Westwood, view of Frank Pledge & Manor Ct. held the 9 June 29 Geo. IT. 1756 before Wm Pescod Esq’ Steward (Sig.) Admission (in Reversion) of Samuel Burgess (aged c 8 years) by warrant 240 The. Society's MSS. from the Dean & Chapter dat. 29 May, 1755 to Thomas Burges & assigned by him to Thos Blick & by him assigned to Mary w. of s@ Thos. B. Mess & land in Common fields of Westwood. for his (S. B’s) life after death etc of Thos. Burgess dect & James Gibbs s. of Joseph Gibbs. S*. Mary Burgess & Samuel her son p‘ fine £15. (2) Ditto. 24 May 22 Geo III. 1782 before Dan! Clutterbuck, gent, (Sig) Deputy of C. I Kerby Esq. (Stew?. Sig) Sergt. at law. Recites above admissions (1756). Surr. by Sam! Burgess by his attorney Thos. Carter of B. gent. (3) [Ditto. Same date as (2).] Grant in possession of same to James Burgess (aged c 32). & in reversion to Joseph Burgess his son (aged c 14 yrs.) & Samuel Burgess his bro. (aged c. 34 yrs) for their lives. Fine £100 (Sigs) Dan! Clutterbuck Deputy Stew. J. Burges (? Sturges) Rect: Matt. Woodford. Ex? C. T. Kerby, Stew?. (4) Dotto. 4 June 25 Geo. III. 1785 before C. T. Kerby Esq. Sergt:- at law Steward there (Sig). Grant in Reversion to Fanny Burges (aged c. 5 yrs.) by warrant from the Dean & Chapter dat. 3 June 1783 of same property after death etc. of Jas. Burges & Joseph his son. rent p.a. 8°. Fine £24. (Sig) N. Ogle D., Sam. Nott, Rect» C. T. Kerby, Stew? (5) Detto. 30 May 35 Geo. III. 1795. Surr. by Jas. Burges as “Sole purchaser & proprietor “of his own life & lives of Jos his son & Fanny his dau. Grant of same in poss. to James B. & in reversion to Jas. B. & Fanny B. at the nomination of Thos. Stevens the elder Devisee in Trust named in last will of Jo. Stevens his late bro. for the lives of Jas. B., Jos. B., & F. B. Thos. 8. p* fine.2’, 64 & Jas B. Adm? ten™ (Sigs) Matt. Woodford Pro Dec., Edm‘ Poulter Rr, C. T. Kerby Stew4. 64. (6) Ditto. 28 May 53 Geo. III. 1813 before Philip Williams Esq. Steward there (Sig.) Surr. by William Hayward Stevens as sole purchaser & proprietor of the lives of Jas Burges, Jos. B., & Fanny B. Grant of same property to Benjamin Browne of Westwood, maltster for the said lives. (7) Ditto. 28 May 53 Geo. III. 1813. Admission of Jas. Burges in poss. (& Jos. B. & Fanny B. in reversion) at the nomination of Benjamin Browne & on the surr. of William Hayward Stevens [in pencil in margin Jas) Be 63.) J 0s. (Bo 32, 1. 1B, 33] B. Bp" times 62) alos ibeeoee Tent-in Trust for B. B. Surr. by B. B. afterwards. (Sigs) Phillip Williams, Steward. E. Poulter, Rect. (8) Ditto. 12 June, 3 Geo IV. 1822. Grant in reversion to Wm Jas. Browne (aged c 6 years) at the nomination of Benjamin Browne his father since dec? by warrant from the D & C dat. 31 May 1821 Of same property in trust under the will of B. B. after death etc of Joseph B., and Fanny B. Jo. Cottle & Mmanuel Byfield Exors of Will of B. B., paid Fine £69, & Jos. Burgess adm‘ ten in trust. (Sigs) Rob. Barnard pro Dec®, A. G. Legge, Receptor. F. Woodham, Dep’ Stew‘. [3 copies of Court Roll fastened together.] Manor of Westwood. 1857. (1) View of Frank Pledge, Ct. Leet, & Ct. held there 4 June 20 Vict. 1857 before Fred*. Bowker, gent. Dep Stew’ (Sig) Surr. by Sarah Byfield sole acting Exex of will of Emanuel Byfield dect (who was By the Rev. A. W, Stote, F'S.G., Lond. 241 Surviving Eixor of Benjamin Brown dec.) as proprietor of life of Wm. Jas Brown by Stephen Brown Clift, gent, her attorney, of the same property as 63 (q.v.) in favour of Anna Maria Cadby Spinster. (2) Ditto. Same date. Grant in poss. to Wm. Jas Brown (aged c 42 years) at the Nomination of Sarah Byfield (described as above) in trust for his life. S. B. p? fine 2°.6°. W. J. B. adm®¢. tent-in trust for S. B. (3) Ditto. Same date. Grant of same in poss. to st Wm. Jas. Brown, and in reversion to Princess Louisa (aged ¢ 9 yrs) & Prince Arthur (aged c 7 yrs) at the Nomination of Annie Maria Cadby Spinster in trust for A. M. C.. A.M.C. p? fine £188—3—1 W.J.B.adm4. ten' in trust for A.M.C. [Deed of Bargain & Sale Dated 22 May 12 Jas I. Reference to the Manor of Bradford. with Feoffment of same. date wrapped up inside. Interesting signatures and seals.| Indenture dat. 22 May 12 Jas. [. [& endorsedl Oct 12 Jas I., with Chancellors Sig., Henr. Hickman, Wilts, Lord Clanricard, & others.] Ist Parties. Richt Bourke, E. of Clanricard, L* President of Con- naught & P.C. Lady Frances “his now wife” Countess of C. (sole dau & h. of Rt. Hon. Sir Francis Walsingham Kt. dec*. late Principal Sec. to late Qu. Eliz) & Sometime wife of Sr. Phillip Sidney Kt. dec?. & afterwards wife of Robt: KE. of Essex dec’. Thos. Howard, E. of Suffolk, LL‘, Chamberlain of the Kings household, & P.C. William, Lord Knollys, Comptroller of the King’s Household & P.C. Sir Henry Yelverton of Grays Inn, M’sex, Kt. Solicitor General. Rich*. Hadzor & Walter Pye, of Middle Temple, Esq’. 2d Party. William Milles of Holte, Co. Wilts, yeoman, who bought for £115 the N. part of a house etc in Holt, now in the ten. of Rich* Milles the elder, his father. Homecrofte, Stickinges (by the Brooke), longe acre, Mores, Forthaies, Man Meade, Pudnam, Shilfe acre, land nr.Wm. Haywards in Holt, Rich*t Chapman’s, Tobias Love’s, & the wid. Blanchard’s, Woollies field upon Stonehill, Hossardes, the Down. Recites that there is a yearly payment to the King of £13—16 out of the Manor of Bradford, of wh. Wm. Milles is to pay 2° p.a. (Sigs) Clanricard, Fra: Clanricard, Henry Yelverton, Walter Pye, (seals missing), T. Suffolke (armorial seal), W. Knollys (armorial seal), Rich*. Hadzor (seal with initials W. E.) (Sigs. of Witnesses) Edmund | Whorwood, & Robt. Mostyn Feoffment dated 22 May 12 Jas 1. [wrapped upinthe above deed]. Same parties & property. Attorneys to Ist parties, Walter Yerburie & John Taunton als Baylie. (Sigs) Clanricard (armorial seal coronet & arms) Fra Clan- ricarde (armorial seal coronet & arms) T. Suffolke, W. Knollys, Henr. Yelverton, Rich*, Hadsor (seals missing) Wal. Pye (armorial seal) (Wits sigs) Edw*. Whorwood & Robt Mostyn. Seisin given by (Sig) Walter Yerbury. (Wits sigs) C. Bushnell. Wm. Bysey & Wm. Hilpps. Marks of Robt. Nutt, Henry Henwood, & Henry Maye. 242 THE SOCIETY'S MSS.1 ABSTRACTS OF HORTON DEEDS. By the Rev. A. W. Srors, F.S.G., Lond. 1. Deed of Bargain § Sale dat. 8 Nov.7 Hen. viit. (English, c. 14in. square slightly damaged by damp.) Xsofor Pyarde of Troubruge in the countye of Wylshyre, clothear & Thomas Horton? of Ifforde in the seyde countye clothear (paid £40). Jn T'roubruge—mess. etc called Burges: garden called Hellgarden: Pale Close: & land in Este Felde. Jn Stodeley— Grevells Mede in Southwoode: Assheleys in Crooked Lane: close sometime Jamys Terumber’s: Eyton’s Mede: Blakys Close: close between Jamys Terumberes & Nicholas Whoraloke. Before “ Feste of the Purificacon of oure lady next comyng p me Xsofor pyard.” Seal ?armorial or merchants’ mark. 2. Copy of Court Roll of the Prebendal Manor of Bradford, Wilts. Court of D. & C. of Cath Ch. of H. Trin. Bristol, held there 10 Sept 35 Hen viil. Grant in Reversion to Thomas Wryght & Margaret his wife by Wm. Snowe, Dean (Sig. & plain seal) of a tent, etc lately in tenure & occupation of Lady Mary Horton, widow, & after her decease to Thos. Horton, her kinsman, for life—for the lives of ‘T. W.& M. W. Fine 100s. T. W. admitted tenant in reversion. {1 memb. about llin. X6in.] 3. Lay Subsidy Roll, Wilts. dat. 24 Oct. 1 Ed. vi. 24 payment of Lay Subsidy of 37 Hen viii made by Tho Horton, Collector 24 Oct 1 Ed vi. for the Hundred of Wanburgh, Rowborowe Reg.,Scotefeld,Kynwareston, with the Burg’ of Bedwyn, Elstubbe, Everley, potterne, cannynges, Roborow Epi’, Liberty of Rowde & Bromham with the Burg’ of Devyses, Co. Wilts. (as contained in an indenture by John Erneley Esq.) [No names attached. 1 membrane 12in. X 103in.] 4. Copy of Licence granted at the Court Leet of the Manor of Westwood | co. Wilts held there 11 Apl. 5 Edw’. vi to transfer a meadow of vi ac. called Plears Mede from John Plear’ tenant, to Margerie Horton, widow, | for a term of 21 years. John Poulet ‘‘ Deputie Stuard to the Erle of Wiltes.” 5. Deed dated 4 June 18 Eliz. Judgment enrolled in Ct. of Common Pleas at Westminster Easter 18 Eliz. Somerset. Henry Blanchard | gent & Henry Long, gent. by Rich? Lee their attorney v. Edward | Horton, gent concerning the Manor of Stony Lyttleton & messuages 1 These deeds came into the Society’s possession in the same way as the Bradford deeds. See note, p. 217. - 2 Note. Brass to Thos. H. in Bradford Church. He perhaps built the Church tower there. James 'Terumber was largely instrumental in building | Trowbridge Church (St. James) in 1475. | The Society’s MSS. 243 & lands in Stony Lyttleton & Wellowe. Recites judgments re tenants Hugh Hunt, Richard Seward, John Stocker, & John Howell. [Large seal, royal arms, broken. ] 6. Indenture dat. 13 Mar. 21 Eliz. (English) reciting terms of statute Merchant. Edward Horton of Westwood co. Wilts gent to Christofer Baylie of Henton in par. of Steeple Ashton co. Wilts. C. B. bound in £600 before Chris. Weeks Maiot of Cit. of Bristol, & Gyles Estcourt Esq. Clerke of the Statutes, concerning Certain tenements mentioned in 2 indentures dated 24 Nov. last. by me x Christofer bayley (seal missing), 7. Foot of Fine dat. Easter 21 Eliz, Edward Horton, gent. demandant & Christofer Bayly of Henton, gent, & Walter Bayly his brother, de- forciants 2 mess. & 72 ac. of land in Steeple Ashton co. Wilts & 2 mess. 3 mills dé 28 ac. of land in Frome Sellwood co. Som’set. E. H. paid £160. 8, Indenture dat 9 Apl. 35 Eliz. (English). . Lease for 3 Lives. Kdward Horton of Westwood co. Wilts gent to Thos. Winchcombe of Marle- broughe co. Wilts, Clothier, & Edward & John his sons, of mess. on S. side of High St. Marlborough, now in ten. & oc. of T. W., between tent. of Wm. Danyell Esq. on EK. & a tent of the inheritance of E. H. on W., and extending from the shed on the N. to River Kennett on 8. : also a stall or shamble of John Pearse, butcher, in High Street; and a close of “ Twoo” ac. now in ten. of Anthony Diston in Kingsbury Ward in M., between a close of E. H’s on the S. & one of the Mayor & Bur- gesses of M.onthe N. Yearly rent 5ls.8d. Sig. Thomas Winchcombe. Seal (damaged) a stag trippant. 9. Indenture dat. 13 Apl 1594—86 Kliz. (English). Endorsed “ John Webes counterpart of Trecherne’smyll.” Lease for 21 years, Edward Hortoun of Westwoodde co. Wiltes gent to Thomas Webbe of Frome co. Som’set, fuller. of grist mill, fulling-mill, dwelling house etc & 10 ac. of land in the Tithing of Frome lately in ten. & occ. of Elizabeth Tretcherne deceased & now of said T. W. £10 p.a. sig M. (?) (mo name). Seal missing. Witnesses sig. Tho. Hunte, George Whytewodde, William Sage. 10. Counterpart of Lease for 3 Lives (English) dat. 20 Apl 36 Eliz. Hdward Horton, of Westwood co. Wilts Esquire to Henry Love of Chickwell par. of Hemington co Som’set yeoman, & his sons William Love & John Love of Inglescombe co. Som’set yeomen of lands etc in Hassage in par of Wellow co. Som’set “which they had by demyse of Andrew Blackman & Elianor his wife.” Surrender by the Loves & regrant for 3 lives Rent 20/. Heriot 20/, Jo Vigor & Jo. Longe attorneys for E. H. 3 marks (no names, & seals missing). (Endorsed —“ Henry Love’s counterpart of Chyckwell.” 11. Jndenture dated 18 Apl 38 Eliz. (English). Deed to the uses of a Fine between (1) Edward Horton of Westwood co. Wilts gent & Alyce his wyfe & (2) Thos. Chaffyn of Almesburye co. Wilts gent and William Yerbury of Trowbridge co. Wilts, clothier. Recites a Fine intended 244 12. 13. The Society's MSS. between T. C. & W.Y. p’tiffs and E. H. & A. H., and Henry Long “the Elder” of Waddon co. Wilts clothier & Mary his wife deforciants of 3 of Manor of Elston & % of 20 mess. & lands in Elston, Aurston als Orston George, Broughton Gyfford, Rowlston, Feedington, Marle- borough & Trowbridge ; 2 of + of Manor of Broughton Gifford & of 30 mess. and lands etc’in Broughton Gifford part of the inheritance of | EK. H. & A. H. in right of A. H. from her father Robert Maye of Broughton gent. deceased ; moiety of same to T. C. & W. Y for A. H. for her life & after her death toHenry Longe theYounger of Southwyke co. Wilts gent (son of H. L. the elder), & Rebecca his wife & their heirs or his heirs; the other moiety to Jeremy Horton of Broughton Gifford gent & Anne his wife & their heirs. Sigs. and seals cut away (? KE. H. & W. Y.) Sig. of afs* Alice. Sig. Thomas Chafin. Seals missing. Witnesses sigs. George (?) Smy, John Hail, John Bayly, Edward Smythe, & Willm. Lavington. Indenture dat. 29 Oct. 41 Kliz. (English) Marriage Jointure. Jeremy Horton of Broughton co Wilts gent. to Andrew Boreham of Wells co. Som’set gent & William Lavington of Cit. of Bristol gent. Recites marriage already had between J. H. & Elizabeth his wife late of Bath co. Som’set wyddowe. The following Properties settled on J. H. for life then on E. H. for life, & after her death to heirs of J. H. Ludborn House in Lyghe, par, of Westbury, now in occ. of J. H. with lands etc, Ludborne Millnes (grist & fulling) in Lyghe in occ. of Thos. Raymond ; mess. etc & “ Lighe Millne” in occ. of Jo. Aldam ; mess. etc all in Lighe & in oce. of Jo Carpenter, Andrew Baynton, John Whatley (“ Rowles tenement”), ‘Thomas Stevens & Margaret Hedges (“Tomkins”), Margaret Hedges (“ Hollibrooke ”), John Pashion, Nicholas Pashion, Wm. Wyks, Nich. Vennell ; Rowswood in Westbury in occ. of J. H.; 3/- rent of mess. & lands in Leighe in ten. of Lord Mountjoy ; rent. of 1lb of pepper of mess. in Leighe in ten. of “ one Whytaker” ; part of Manor of Leighe occ. by Henry Hussey & Cicelye his wife, dau. of Robert Lyghe; & their lands in Westbury, Warminster, Beckington, Trowbridge, Aishton, Brooke, & Corsley, cos. Wilts & Somerset. Attorneys—J. H’s “ffryndes” Wm. Jones of Brooke co. — Wilts gent. & Thos. Marford of Bath yeoman. One plain seal, but sig. missing. Sig. Will Lavington, with seal, a bird with wings outspread (1a swan “rising ”) & standing upon a double X. No witnesses’ names. Deed of Bargain & Sale (English) Dat. 8 (“eaight”) Feb 42 Eliz. Thomas Fanshawe of London Esq. H.M.Remembrancer of Her highnes Exchequer to Edward Horton of Westwood co. Wilts Esq. Lands in Broughton Gifford co. Wilts. Recites Indent. of Bargain & Sale enrolled in Chancery 24 May 33 Eliz. by which Thos. Smith late of London Esq deceased sold Sir Rowlande Hayward Kt. Alderman of London, Thos. Owen, Sergeant at law, & said I’. F. on special Trnst for Wm. Brouncker, then Esq & since Kt., the Manor of Broughton Gifford The death of Sir Wm Brouncker is recited, also transactions between his s. and h. Henry B. Esq., & John Smythe Esq., Exor of Thos. Smythe dec’. (Sir Rowland Haywarde having predeceased Sir|Wm.B.), also that | | 14. 15. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 245 since an indenture of 30 Aug 39 Eliz. was executed, by which Edward Horton bought from John Smythe lands in Broughton Gifford (viz. “New Leaze” in ten. of Johan May, widow) Hen. Brouncker & Thos. Owen deceased leaving Thos. Fanshawe sole ‘Trustee. Jheremy Horton & Wm. Gore gents. act as attorneys for T. F. Sig. Thos: Fanshawe (Seal with arms of Fanshawe, two chev. erm. bet. 3 fleurs de lis; and crest, a dragon’s head erased charged with 2 chevrons). Witnesses sigs., John Lowe, Henry Longe, Edw: Greenhill. Indenture dat. 10 Dec 44 Eliz.(English) Endorsed ‘“‘ Lyes counterparte of Tylssed ” Hdward Horton of Bath co. Som’set gent to William Lye of Tylshead co. Wilts, Carpenter. Mess. etc. in T. latein occ of Julyan Knight widow. Lease for 3 lives, viz., W. L., Em Hurle, dau. of Good Hurle of Esterton co, Wilts widow, and Henry Lye bro. of W. L. Yearly rent 3/4. Mark of W. L. Seal missing. Wits. sigs. John Sapfild, Walter Chapman. ; Copy of Will (with Probate) of Edward Horton of the City of Bath co. Som’set Esq. dat. 29 Oct. 1 Jas I. 1603 Proved (P. C. C.) at Croydon co. Surrey 12 Dec. 1603 by John Maye Esq of Charterhouse co. Som’set & Henry Long, gent of Southwicke, Exors., Johu Horton s. of Jeremie Horton being then a minor. Bequests to, or mention made of the following—the Parish Church of Stalles in Bathe—re-edifying of the Abbey Church—repairing high- ways near Bath—Hospitals of St. Mary Magdalen & St. John in Bath —marriage portions for poore maidens—Corporation of Bath for loans to Bath clothiers for workpeople—my sister MawdeBush— Edward (my godson) & Isaack sons of my late brother Mr. William Horton—their sister Margerie Freeland—Marie Horne sis. of “ my brother ” Henry Long of Whaddon—Henry, Walter, May & Thomas sons of Rebecca Long & Martha their sister all under 21—Grace May of Seene Head— my cosin William Horton, late of Iforde—Lea Simons—Simon Noble Elizabeth Beache—my servants Thos. Arnold & John Long—William Pitthouse of (?) Iford—Thos. Tibbett & Geo. Compton of Westwood— | my cosin Richard Mayo late of Bristoll—my mistress Jone Starkey of London widow—Robt. Mayo s. of John Mayo of Charterhouse upon Mendipp Esq.—my mother in law Jone Mayo— Wm. Shereston of Bathe —John Suchfeild of Bathe & Margaret his wife—John Hippesley of Stone Ashton gent.—my cosin Walter Chapman—my godsons Edward Carburie s. of Wm. Carburie, & Edward Apprice—Thos. Horton s. of John Horton late of Calne dec’.—my cosin Henry Long of Southwick & Rebecca his wife—my cosin Jeremy Horton & his wife & their sons William & Robert (both under 21) & daus. Alice & Elizabeth (both under 18)—Raphe Allen & Alice his wife & their son Raphe, and Wm. Allen bro. of Raphe Allen the father—Thos. Lithybone & his son Edward (my godson)—my cosin Thos Chaffin & Margaret his wife— Toby Horton (my godson) & Roger sons of William Horton late of Tforde—Mr. Richard Meredith, Preacher of God’s Word—Mr. Robert Paddon—Robert, Thos, & Wm. Long sons of “my brother” Henry 246 16. U7: 18. The Socrety’s MSS, Long of Whaddon—Walter Bush son of Pawle Bush dec!.—Matthew Rendell of Bath & his wife— Susan Winscombe & her s..John Winscombe. All his lands etc to Edward Horton s.-of the said Jeremy Horton, to — himself & heirs, or failing this to his brother John Horton; then to — William ; then to Robert other sons of Jeremy Horton. Exors :—my kinsmen Henry Long of Southwick & John Mayo of Charterhouse, unless at my death John Horton s. of Jeremy Horton is of age. If they predecease, then Jeremy Horton Sole Executor. Overseers :—my brother im law Henry Long of Whaddon, William Carburie of Trow- bridge & John Sachfeild of Bath. Witnesses— Matthew Rendell, writer,John Sachfeild. (Sig.) Edward : Horton. Endorsed ‘“ Mr. E auard Horton’s Will.” | License of Alienation dat at Westminster 12 Feb 3 Jas I,from William Horton Esq, Toby Horton gent. his s. & h. apparent & Roger Horton, his second son to John Horton Esq of 3 part of Manor of Ginge, lands etc in Ginge Hardington & East Henred co Berks late Thomas Winch- combe Esq ; 4+ part of a messuage lands etcin Ditridge & Box co. Wilts late George Lord Audeley & James Marvin Kt.; 3 part of messuages, cottages, lands etc. in Broughton Gifford & Melkesham co. Wilts late John Talbott Esq.; 4 part of 2 tenements & a mill in par. of Frome Sellwood co.Som’set calledStockstones aliasTreherne’s mill& Whitemyll; and 3 part of other lands etc in Frome Sellwood late Christofer Bayly. — Telenor of large seal (damaged). Endorsed “A License of Alienacon from Willm Horton esq to John Horton Esq. Bacon.” Endorsed— Hil. 4 Jas. I. Indenture (English) dat. 18 Feb 3 Jas I. Deed of Bargain & Sale. William Horton of Woolverton co Som’set Esq, Tobias Horton s. & h., & Roger Horton, second s. of Wm. H. to John Horton Esq: one of the ss of Jeremie Horton of Bath co. Som’set Esq. (who paid £1053) of 2 part of Manors of Gace co Berks, Broughton Gifford co, Wilts & — Egegforde co Som’set ; 3 part of messuages lands etc in Ditchrudge alias | Ditrigge, Broughton Gifford, Melksham, Marleborough, Stepleashton, | Troobridge, & Seene ‘alias Seemle, co. Wilts “which were Edward | Horton’s, and which were inherited by Wm. Horton after the death of © Edward Horton dec*.”; 4 part of messuages, mills, lands etc in Frome Sellwoode, Hassage & Phillipps Norton co Som’set which William H. inherited after the death of Edward H.; & also all manors, messuages. mills, lands etc. in Co*. Som’set, Wilts & Berks which was Edward Horton’s & did descend to W. H. hice death of HE. H. Hacept so much — of the Manor of Lyttleton, co Som’set, and so much of the moiety of lands ete in Tyllsed co. Wilts which did descend to William Horton. Sigs. Willm Horton (seal missing), Tobias Horton (fragment of seal), Rog: Horton (seal fleur de lis). Witnesses sigs. | Edward Mathew, Rob: Chambers, John Sachfild, Nichus' Tippett, Roger | Pemberton. Enrolment endorsed Easter 4 Jas I.—roll xxiii. Indenture (English, damaged) dat. 18 Feb. 8 Jas I. Counterpart of | Indenture No. 17 but with the additional proviso to reserve certain | By the Rev. A. W, Stote, FS.G4., Lond. 247 leeseholds viz. Rents of Copyholds & Leases for 21 years of Phillipp Shepparde, Wm. Gibbes, John. Powell, John Pytman, and [blank] Surrage widdowe. Samesigs. of parties .& witnesses. Seal of Tobias Horton (?) a sprig of leaves. 19 & 20. Duplicate Indentures dat 19 Feb 3 Jas I. Feoffment of same 21. properties as in No. 17 with warranty Sigs. & seals of same parties (good condition) Seal of William Horton, a bird (?) raven) Witnesses names in endorsements are Jeremie Horton gent, Wm Gibbs, John Hewes, Wm Robins, Rich. Attheyes, Geo. Edgell, John Powell, Rich. Itterley, Thos Spinke (at Egford), Jeremie Horton gent, Rich. Franklyn, Mich. Coles, John Burgis, Thos. Spinke (at Marlborough), and Jeremie Hor- ton gent, Geo. Coxedd, Wm Castell, Ric. Hobbes, John Castell, & Thos Spinke (at Gynge.). Deed Poll dat Westminster 2 July 4 Jas I, A Pardon of alienation upon the will of Edward Horton Esq. deceased. (Latin & English). Relates to mess. & lands in Ditridge & Box co Wilts (Lord Awdley & Sir Jas Marvyn) & in Broughton Gifford & Melksham co Wilts (Jo. Talbott Esq) ; Tenements & millsin Frome Sellwood co Som’set (Chris Bayley), in the Manor of Gynge; & Mess. & lands in Gynge Ardington & Esthenred co. Berks (Thos Winchcombe Esq). Recites terms of of Will of Edward Horton Esq dec‘ as it affected the sons of Jeremy Horton viz Edward, John, William, & Robert Horton and their heirs male. Seal missing. Enrolled Trin. 4 Jas I. 22 & 23. Duplicate Fines dat. Mich. 4 Jas I. One marked “ Eggford ” 24. the other Broughton. John Horton Esq. quer. William Horton Esq, Margaret his wife & Toby & Roger Horton gents deforce. concerning 4 Manor of Eggford & lands etc in Eggford, Frome Sellwood & Hassage co. Som’set ; ;> Manor of Broughton Gifford & lands etc in Broughton Gifford, Melkesham, Dickridge alias Ditehridge, Box, Troobridge, Bradley, Seene & Marleborough & the advowson of Ditchridge co. Wilts; and 4 Manor of Ginge & lands etc in Ginge, Lockinge, & Farneborough co Berks; for £320. Indenture Tripartite dat. 20 May 6 Jas I (English) Endorsed John Hippisley Esq and Willm. Hippisley gent.”, ‘““ Wm. Horton’s Settle- ment of Man' of Wolu’ton als Wolfington” Between (1) William Horton of Wolverton co. Som’set Esq (2) Thos. Horner of Cloford co. Som’set Esq. & Jas. Bisse of Batcombe co. Som’set Esq. & (8) John Hippisley of Stoneaston co. Som’set Esq. & Wm. Hippisley of the same gent. Settlement of the Mansion House of Wolverton alias Wolfing- ton & the Manor of Wolverton & lands etc. in Som’set & Wilts on John Horton, 3™ son of the said Wm. Horton, & heirs male, with entail to Robert, Roger & Tobyas Horton, other sons of John Horton. & their heirs male, failing which to the heirs of John Horton. Plain seal (no sig.) The mark of Wm Hippisley (seal missing) Witnesses sigs. Thomas Horner, Robert Bagnall, wryter, Richard Wilkins, and Chri. Gribbell. 248 25. 26. 2/7. 28. life, Peter Squier for his life & leases to Rich*, Squire for 99 years or 3 | 29. The Socrety’s MSS. Deed Poll dat at Bristol 9 Mar. 7 Jas I, 1609. Bond of Record William Horton of Wolverton co. Som’set Esq & John Horton of the same gent. bind themselves in £1600 by statute merchant to John Horton of the City of Bath co Som’set Kt. at Acton Burnell & West- ~ minster before Robert Aldworthe mayor of Bristol & Jerome (“‘ Hier- — omme”) Ham, gent. Sigs. Willm Horton, John Horton, Robert Aldworth, Mayor, Hier™ Ham: Seal missing. Indenture dot 28 Apl 7 Jas I( English). Easter Term 7 Jas I. De- mise & grant from the Court of Wards & Liveries to Jeromye Horton of Bath Esq. of lands etc in co. Wilts late in the tenure of Henry Maye gent, (who died 4 Dec 4 Jas I) and possessions of John Horton “ His Highness ward,” brother & next heir of Edward “ Horton dec*.” viz 3 of + of Manor of Broughton Gifford & lands & mill there ; 4 of Manor of Ellston & lands there; 4 of lands etc in Marleborough ; 4 of messuages in Trowbridge & Devizes; & 4 of lands in Fiddington, Potterne, & Estlavington. Sig. R. Salisbury. Seal missing. [part of membrane cut away]. | Fine dat Trin. 8 Jas I. James Bisse Esq & James Orenge Esq. quer. William Horton Esq defore. Manor of Rode, 60 mess. & lands etc n Rode, Tellesford, Hungerford Farleyghe, Lullington, Charterhowse Henton, Freshford & Witcombe, co. Som’set, and Manor of Iford, 80 mess. lands etc in Iford, Westwood, Hungerford Farleigh, Bradford, Trowbridge, Cricklade alias Crickeslade, Chillworth, Tilleshed, East Lavington, Styple Ashton & Rode co. Wilts. £900. Indenture dat 14 May 8 Jas I (English). Conveyance to Simon Leach of Cheriton Fitzpaine co Devon gent by Sir John Horton of | Elston co. Wilts kt & Jeremy Horton of the City of Bath co Som’set | Esq of the Manor of Cadley als Cadleigh & lands etc & the Patronage of the Parish Church of Cadley co Devon (conveyed by Sir Wm. | Courtney of Powderham co Devon Kt. & Sir John Dowdale Kt to Sir Jo. Horton & others) except copyholds of Humphry Holmeade for his | lives & Ebbott Whitrowe widow for 99 years or 3 lives. Recites terms | of a Statute Staple bond in £1000. Sir John Horton & Jeremy H. to | Simon Leach dat 14 May 1610 before Sir Thos. Fleminge Kt.Lord Chief | Justice of the King’ Bench. Sig. Symon Leach. Seal missing. Wit- | nisses sigs. Henry Crosse, Willm. Woode, George Turbervile & John | Belsher. | Indenture dat 20 May 8 Jas I (English). Articles of Covenant to |— secure £4450 to Sir John Horton of Elston co. Wilts Kt. from Symon | Leache of Cheryton Fitzpayne co. Devon gent for the Manor of Cadley | als Cadleigh co Devon & lands etc in Cadley, als Cadleigh, Cadbury & | Cadbury Rudge & Elsewhere in co Devon. Recites terms of Bond of | Statute Staple between Sir John Horton and “his father” Jeremy | Horton to Simon Leach & oonveyance from Sir John Horton & Edward |§ Rogers of Cannington co. Som’set Esq & a lease assigned by Sir J 0. | : 30. 31. By the Rev, A. W. Stote, F.S,G., Lond. 249 Dowdale Kt. to Sir John Hannam & others. Sig. Symon Leache. Seal (armorial) a Jion rampant impaling a chevron with a label of 3 points in chief. Witnesses sigs. Charles Cratford, Willm Woode Tho: Vilvayne, & John Belsher. Deed Poll dat 1 June 8 JasI (English) Release of Dower by Anne Horton widow late wife of Edward Horton gent. dec*. to Sir John Horton of Elson co. Wilts Kt. bro. & heir of the said Edward Horton ‘* Dower or thirds” of lands etc of Sir John Horton late Edward Horton’s. Sig. Anne Horton. Fragment only of seal. Witnesses sigs. Thomas Horton, Willm Jones, Jeremy Horton, Willm Rediche, & Hugh Frie. Indenture tripartite dat. 6 June 8 Jas I (English). (1) William Horton of Woolverton co. Som’set Esq. (2) Jas. Bysse of Batcombe > co. Som’set Esq. Jas. Ovenge of Foscot co. Som’set Esq. & Tobias Horton Gent. s. & h. of W. H. (3) Jas. Farwell of Holbrooke co Som’set gent. & Jo. Champnies the younger of Orchardlie co. Som’set gent. Conveyance by W. H.to Tobias Horton & Barbara his now wife and their heirs male with entail to Roger, John, & Robert Horton other sons of W. H. of the Manor of Iford, mansion house, lands - fulling mills, etc. in ford, in pars. of Westwood, Charterhouse Henton, 32. Freshford, & Farleigh Hungerford cos. Wilts & Som’set; manor of Rode cos. Som’set & Wilts; other mess. & lands in Bradford, Trow- bridge, Cricklade alias Crickeslade, Chillworth, Tilshed, Est. Lavington & Stepleashton co. Wilts, and Tenements in Witcombe, Lullington, Telsford, Charterhouse Henton, Freshford, Rode, & Farleigh Hunger- ford cos. Som’set & Wilts, except Manor of Iford (retained by W. H. for his life) Sig. Willm Horton. Seal missing. Witnesses sigs. F. Manners, Tho: (?) Bes, Willm Awbrey & Alexander Farewell. Indenture dat. 1 July 8 Jas 1 1610 (English) Articles of Agreement concerning the jointure of Dame Jane wife of Sir John Horton & daughter of Penelope Hannam widow of Thomas Hannam Sergeant at law deceased, between (1) Sir John Horton of Ealston co Wilts Kt, and (2) Sir Francis Poppham of Wellington co Som’set Kt. Penellope Hannam late wife of Thomas Hannam Sergyant at lawe deceased, Sir John Mallett of Enmore co Som’set Kt. & Sir John Hannam of Wilksworthe co. Dorset Kt. Recites a Bond in £8000 of Simon Leach with Thos. Rowe, Jo. Viguers & Geo. Turbervile cits. & merchant Taylors of London & Gylbarte Keate cit. & grocer of London to the above 2nd parties, £4000 due to Sir J Horton 1 June 1612 for a jointure of £300 p.a. for his wife ‘‘if Lady Jane shall so long live.” Sigs. (seals missing) of Francis Popham, Jo Malet & John Hanham Wits. sigs. Thomas South, Roger Horton, John Clark, & John Horton. [The above deed is in the possession of the present Sir John Hanham of ‘ Dean’s Court, Wimborne, Dorset, Bart. The Sir John Hanham of the deed was eldest s. of Thos. Hanham sergeant at law & was knighted 1604. He was great-uncle of the 1st Bart., Sir Wm. Hanham, created Bart. 1667. | VOL. XLIL—NO. CXXXIV. S 250 The Society's MSS. ['33. Indenture dat. 1 July 8 Jas I (English) Articles of Agreement between (1) Sir John Horton of Ealston co. Wiltes Kt. and (2) Sir Francis Poppham of Wellington co. Som’set Kt., Penellope Hannam ~ late wife of Thomas Hannam Sergyant at lawe deceased, Sir John ~ Mallett of Enmore co Som’set Kt., and Sir John Hannam of Wilkes- — worthe co Dorset Kt., to settle the marriage jointure of Dame Jeane ~ wife of Sir John Horton. Recites a bond in £8000 by which Simon i Leach with Thos. Rowe, Jo. Viguers, Geo. Turbervile, cits. & Merchante Taylors of London & Gylbarte Keate, cit. & groser of London are bound to the above Trustees for the security of £4000 to buy an estate to produce an income of £300 p.a. for Lady Jane Horton. Sigs. (seals missing) Frances Popham, Jo: Malet, John Hanham. Wits. Sigs. South, Roger Horton, John Clark, John Horton. | [?33a. Indenture dat. 3 July 8 Jas. I. (English) [Endorsed] “Sir John Horton’s Settlement of £500 on Lady Jane his wife.” Between Sir John Hanham of Wilkesworth co Dorset Kt., and Sir John Horton of Ealson co Wiltes Kt. Recites Bond of Statute Staple by which Sir John Horton is bound in £1000 to secure £500 to Lady Jane. Sig. (seal missing) John Horton. Wits. sigs. Thomas South, Louys Mibourg, John Clarke. | 34. Indenture dat. 19 Nov. 8 Jas. I.(English) Between Benedict Wynch- combe of Noke co Oxon Esq., & Sir John Horton of Elston co. Wilts Kt. Conveyance of the Manor of Gynge als West Gynge co. Berks. Recites Bond of Statute Staple dat. 16 Nov. last. Sig. (seal missing) Benedict Winchcombe. Wits. sigs. Willm Bruen, Charles Cratford Willm. Hele, Frauncis Ereton. 35. Copy of Judgment enrolled in King’s Bench at Westminster dat. 28 Nov. 8 Jas. I. Jeremy Horton Esq. v. John Horton gent. concerning the Manor of Wolverton als Wolfrington, 26 messuages & lands in Wolverton & Rode. Mentions as tenants Hugh Hunt & Edward Howse. 36. Indenture dat. 5 June, 10 Jas. I. (English) Defeasance—Sir John | Horton of Elson co. Wilts Kt and John Maye of Charterhowse co — Som’set Esq. (who is described in the deed as one of the co-exors with © Henry Longe Esq of Edward Horton, deceased) Recites Bond of | Statute Staple dat 9 Dec 3 Jas I. by which John Maye was bound to | Sir John Popham Kt., deceased & Sir Francis Popham Kt., in £3000 > & Sir John Horton took this bond on trust for his benefit, he being | then “of young & tender years.” John Maye agrees to make payments | “in the Tolsey of Bristoll.” Sig. John May. Seal (crest) (?) dragon's head, rising from a coronet. P (or B). Wits. sigs. W™ Alton, Willm — Porter, Alby Muston, Jeremy Horton. (Endorsed) “This writing was | shewed unto Jeremy Horton Esq. and Willm Porter gent at the tyme eee ee PY RN cs, AL eR OT CO 1 This deed is in possession of Sir John Hanham, Bart., of Dean’s Court, | Wimborne. | 2 This deed is in possession of Sir John Hanham, Bart., of Dean’s Court | Wimborne. | 37. By the Rev. A. W, Stote, FS.G., Lond. 251 of their examinacons taken in Chauncerie Ex parte J ohis Maye quer. versus Johem Horton mil. def. xxviij Nov. 1613. Ni: Roberts.” Indenture dat. 20 June 10 Jas. I. 1912 (English) between Jeremy Horton of the Cittie of Bath co. Som’set Esq. & Sir John Horton of Elston co. Wilts Kt. s. & heir apparent of the said Jeremy. ‘ of + of manors of Broughton Gifford & Elston co. Wilts and § of mess®, & lands in Elston, Orston George, Broughton Gifford, Marleborowe & Trowbridge co. Wilts in tenure of Henry May, John May, Jo. Hardinge, John Anste, Jo. Curteis, Jo. Redman, Geo. Maggott, Jo. Gay, Jo. Bull, Nich. Baylie, Thos. Gaye, Robt Bruncker, Robt Alderwicke, Jo. Twyford, Christofer Crowch, Nich. Ward, Nich. Monday, Henry Cole, Nich. Edwards, Thos. Bayse, & Rich*. Hurst & ‘‘ all his other lands etc ” in Elston & Broughton Gifford. Sig. Jeremy Horton. Seal, a rebus (a tun surmounted by a figure 4, the letters F JoR between). Wits. sigs. Thomas South, Charles Cratford, Anthony Hidden, Robt. Lewen, Wm. Porter. ((38. Indenture dat 20 June 10 Jus. I 1612 (English) [Post-nuptial Settlement] between (1) Jeremy Horton of the Cittie of Bath co. Som’set Esq & Sir John Horton of Elston co Wilts Kt. (2) Sir Fras. Popham of Litlecott co Wilts Kt., Sir Jo. Malett of Enmore co. Som’set Kt. Penelope Hanham widdow late wife of Thomas Hanham Serieant at the law deceased & Sir John Hanham of Wilkesworth co Dorsett Kt settling the marriage portion of Dame Jane wife of Sir Jo. Horton, the moiety or halfendale of two mansion houses, demesnes & lands of the Manors of Broughton Gifford & Elston co. Wilts of the yearly value of £200. Sigs. Jeremy Horton [seal as in 37.] John Horton [seal, a (2) raven] Wits. sigs. Anthony Hidden, Thomas South, Charles Cratford, Wm. Porter, Robt. Lewen. [Endorsed] “For my Ladie Horton’s ioincture.’’] | ['39. Indenture dat. 20 June 10 Jas. 1.1612 (English) Counterpart of 40. —— 1 These deeds are in the possession of Sir John Hannam, Bart., of Dean’s the above Jointure Deed No. 38. Concerning the “ marriage heretofore hadd and solempnized between the said Sr. John Horton & Dame Jane his wife, being the daughter of the said Penelope Hanham.”? Sigs. Frances Popham, Jo Malet, & Hanham. Seals missing. Sigs. of wits. as in No. 38. ] Indenture dat. 4 July, 10 Jas. 1. 1612 (English) between (1) John & Henry Huntley of Elkiston als Elston co. Glos. gents, sons of James Huntley late of Elston Esq. deceased, & (2) Sir John Horton of Elson co. Wilts Kt. & Jeremy Horton of Bathe co. Som’set Esq. lecites Bond of Statute Staple in £4000 of same date to ensure payment of £2000 at Midsomer Day 1614in the Dyning Hall of the Middle Temple, Court, Wimborne. 2Penelope Hanham & her husband were the great grandparents Sir William Hannam, the first Bart. Ss 2 252 41. 42. 43. 44, The Society's MSS, London. Sigs. John Huntley, Henry Huntley (seals missing). Wits. Sigs. Charles Cratford, Wm. Porter, Wm. Neal. Indenture dat. 14 Oct. 12 Jas, I. (English) between Jeromy Horton of the Citty of Bathe co Som’set Esq. & Sir John Horton of Elston co. Glos. Kt. s. & h. apparent of the sayd Jeromy. Recites an award made 22nd June 1614, by Sir Geo. Ivy, Kt., James Orenge, and Edward Hse Esq’. Gyles Digges & Edward Bower gents, Arbitrators. Refers to “said Jeromy & —lWalel his now wife” and Wm. Hodnett, their attorney. Conveyance of a mess. in St. John’s Parish in “the Devises” co. Wilts. Sig. Jeremy Horton (seal missing). Wits. sigs. Wm. Hodnett, Robt. Horton, Ber: Atkins. Sheriff's Roll, Somerset dat. xv. Jas. I. (Membrane about 13in. xX 84in.) Edward Horton of Weston co. Wilts Clothier (later gent). Brief of Execution dat. 26 Keb. 16 Jas. I. Trin. Term. Order in Chancery Payne v. Maye. Nicholas Payne, Quer & John Maye Esq def. Recites Chancery Bill Mich. Term 1612. Nich. Payne of City of Bristoll co. Som’set gent complaynant v. Jo Maye Esq. deft. That N.P. owed Edward Horton of Bath coSom’set Esq. £1000. That E. H. made J. M. & Henry Long Esq, co-exors. of his will and that they proved the will. That then Henry Long died leaving J. M. sole exor. Answer by the deft. (J. M.) states the sum delivered up to Sir John Horton. Recites Order by the Court 11 June last. Fragment of Great Seal (royal arms complete). Indenture dat. 31 Mar 16 Jas. I. (English) between (1) Tobyas Horton of Iford co. Wilts, Esq., and Anthony Longe of city of Newe Sarum co. Wilts, gent. and (2) Sir John Horton of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts Kt. mess. & land called Hicks in Great Cheverell co. Wilts late in ten. of Wm. Bartley: messuages & land etc. in Trowbridge co. Wilts late in ten. of Edward Yerbury gent. Roger Horton gent. bro of Tobias || Horton, Edith Adams widow (3 shambles), Wm. Wallys gent (Hole Orchard), Hugh Cheves, Thos. Arnolde, Elizabeth Ashman, & Henrye Ashman; 2 closes in Studley in par. of Trowbridge late in ten. of Richard Horlock; mess & land in Corsley co. Wilts late in ten. of Jo. Carpenter 3 of tenements in Tylleshedd & N. Bradley late in ten. of Thos. Arnolde,—Knyghte, widow, & Jo. Horton. gent. & other lands ete of Tobias Horton in Great Cheverell, Trowbridge, Studley, Corsley, Tylleshedd & N. Bradley. Barbara, wife of Tobias Horton is mentioned, as also his attorneys Robt. Longe gent & Jo Barrett. Sig. Tobias | Horton. Armorial Seal, stag’s head cabossed. Wits. sigs. Jo: Farewell, John Horton, Alexander Farewell, Ni: Streete. Schedule attached of certain estates excepted in the above Indenture, viz. certain Trowbridge leases of Edward Yerbury gent. Roger Horton gent. copy- holds of Thos. Adams, Wm. Wallys Esq., Hugh Cheves, Thos. Arnolde, Elizt & Henry Ashman, & Richard Horlock ; Jo Carpenter’s Corsley copyhold; lease of lands ete. in Tyleshedd ‘“‘and elsewhere” of Jo. Horton gent; & Wm. Bartley’s copyhold in Greate Cheverell. Atthe ff Fi | 2 45. 46. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 2098 end is a note of a lease for 99 years dat 17 Mar 1610, William Horton to John Horton of mess’. & lands in Tilshed, Eastlavington, Steeple - Ashton & North Bradley at the yearly rent of xiis. Deed-poll dat 2 June 20 Jas. I. (English) apparently unexecuted. Conveyance to Sir John Horton by Sir John Dauntseye & Sir Nich. Halswell Kts. by request of William Brouncker Esq. (by virtue of a demise made by Henry Brounker Esq. dec*. his father, and Sir William Brouncker Kt. dec‘. his grandfather) of leaseholds in Broughton Gifford in tenure of Henry Edmonds formerly part of estate of Sir William Kyre Kt. ; also rents etc. in Broughton Gifford sold to Sir John Horton > by Wm. Brouncker by deed indented 15 May last. Deed Poll dat 4 Oct. 2ChasI. 1626. (Endorsed) “Sr John Horton’s Mother's Release of Dower.” “Elizabeth Horton widdowe late wief of Jeremy Horton Esqre. deceased” quitclaims to S". John Horton, Kt. s. & h. of said Jeremy her jointure in the Manor of Broughton Gifford & Elston co. Wilts & in any other lands etc. in B. G., Elston, Ludborne, Leigh, Dilton, Westbury, Marleborough & Trobridge co. Wilts. Sig. Elyzabeth Horton (seal missing). Wits sigs. Ro: Chivers, Rob: Horton, Willm. Horton, Ri: Wakeman. Deed Poll (c. 13in. X 74in. partly in English) dat. at Sarum 22 July 1628. T%tle-deed of Sir John Horton’s seats in Broughton Gifford Church. Marmaduke Lynne (?) LL.D. Vicar-General of John [Davenant] Lord Bishop of Sarum. Sig. of Tho: Sadler, Registrar. NRecites “that he the said St John Horton Knight being seized of a moietie of the Mannor of Broughton Guifford . . . besides other seates in the pish Church of Broughton Guifford in the South Ile . . . the three foremost seates built and standing on the right hand goeing up into the said Ile and looking toward the Chauncell, and one the left hand therof two seates before wch two seates is the seat of Edward Long Esquire betweene whose seat & his the said S'. John Hortons said two seates was a little void place (where a servaunt of him the said S' John, and of those whose estate he hath in the moitie of the Mannor and landes aforesaid usually stood in weh void place and in pte of the roome of the uppermost of his the said St John Horton’s said two seates one Henrie Harding of the parish aforesaid removing the said two seates somewhat lower hath of late wthout his the said S' John Horton’s consent or any allowance or confirmacon obteined from us the Ordinarie of the place built and erected a newe seate. Wch new seate the said Henrie Harding being cited to appeare before us to answere Articles concerning that matter to be obiected against him at the said S". John Horton’s promocon is contented he the said S'. John Horton shall have and enioye paying to him the said Henrie Harding thechardges weh he hath beene at in building the same wch he the said S". John hath vndertaken to doe, and therefore humbly prayeth that we would be pleased to ratifie the premisses by our decree and Confirmacon That soe he and is (sec) may quietlie vse possesse and enioye togeither wth his said other five seates in the said South Ile, as they now there stand, 254 The Society's MSS. this new Seate soe as aforesaid erected by the said Henry Harding. Unde nos,” etc ete [Seal missing. ] 48. Indenture dat. 20 Oct 5 Chas. I (English) between (1) Sir John Horton of Elston co Glos. Kt., Thomas Hannam of Wimbourne Minster co Dorset Esq., Gifford Longe of Roudashton co. Wilts, Esq., Christopher Horton of Catton co Darby Esq. and John Pyne of Littlecott co. Wilts gent And (2) William Digges of Marlborough co. Wilts gent., and Jo. Hughes of Bromham co. Wilts gent. Conveyance of messuages lands etc late in tenure of Wm. Malyn,Edward Gynes, gent, Jo. Winchcombe, Jo. Mahewe & Mary his wife, Edw*. Furnell, Thos. Burges, Chris. Finsthwaite & the said Wm Digges & all other their lands etc in the town or burrough of Marlborough except the following copyholds of tenements etc in Marborough (i) dat. 4 Dec. 38 Eliz. Edward Horton then of Westwood co. Wilts gent for the 3 lives of John Burgis the elder & his sons Thos. & John (11) dat. 11 June 15 Jas. I. Sir Jo. Horton for the 2 lives of Jo. Winchcombe & Mary his wife (iii) dat 1 Apl10 © Jas. I. Sir John Horton for the 3 lives of Edw Furnell & his sons. © John & George & (iv) dat. 24 June 17 Jas I. Sir John Horton for the © 3 lives of Margaret Davys and Wm. Malyn & Frances his wife. Sig. | Willi: Digges (seal missing) Wits. sigs. Rob. Horton, (?) Edwine Hewes, Christopher Finsthwait, Thomas Barton. 49. Indenture dat. 25 Mar. 8 Chas I. (English) (Hndorsed) “ Exchaing of land betwne Sir John Horton and _ prier”—Deed of Exchange between Sir John Horton of Elston co. Glos. Kt. and William Pryer of 7 Broughton Gifford co. Wilts yeoman of 14 ac. in Awfield in B. G. © between the lands of Thos Skryne & said W. P. with other land between the Church lands & Henry Hardinges for other land in B. G. ¥ near the lands of Klizabeth Gore widow, David Gawen, William Gore, ¥ Mr. Edward Longe, Henry Hardinge & Church Lands. Mark of Wm §} Pryor (seal missing) Wits. sigs. Robt. Horton. Tho. Horton. Ri: 4 Wakeman. Jhon twyford. ° 50. IJndenture dat. 20 Nov. 16 Chas. I. (English) between (1) Sir John ~ | Horton of Elston co. Glos. Kt & (2) Henry Martin of Beckett co. Berks | Esq. & Geo. Martin of Bray co. Berks gent. Recites judgment in Court | of King’s Bench Mich. Term 15 Chas. I. Sig. Henry Martin (seal | with faint impression) Another (plain) seal but no sig. Wits. sigs. | Jo. Harewell, Tho: Horton, Geo. Hopkins, the mark of Tho. Ludlowe. | [151. Indenture dat. 7 Feb. 16 Chas. I. (English) between (1) Thomas | Hanham of Windborne Minster co Dorset Esq & Christofer Horton of | Catton co Derby Esq. and (2) Sir John Horton of Elkeston co. Glos. | Kt. Conveyance to Sir Jo. Horton of their share in the Manor of | Broughton Gifford co. Wilts & properties in the parishes of b. G. & | Melksham which by deed dat. 20 Nov. 3 Chas. I. they had from Walter j Longe of Whaddon co. Wilts Esq. & Mary his wife of the one part and | MME a oo el 1 Deed in possession of Sir John Hanham, Bart., of Dean’s Court, Wim- | borne. | 52. by the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond, 2905 the said Sir John Horton Thos Hannam &Chris. Horton of the other part. Sig. Thomas Hanham—seal armorial, Hanham (almost obliterated). Sig. Chrisf. Horton—seal armorial, arms quarterly (1) a stag’s head cabossed (Horton of Somerset) (2) a bend, in chief a label of 3 points. (3) a cross botonny, (4) (2) erm. (or else semée of (?) fleurs de lis) a bend. Wits. sigs. John Chetwind, Edw. Curtise, mark of John Moodie; Barth: Hall, Rob. Guy, mark of Thomas Ludlo. Wits to seizin (4 Mar 1640) Robert Nashe, marks of Thomas Hancock & Thos. Ludloe, David Gawen, Edmond Lewis. | Indenture dat 20 Sept. 17 Chas I. (English—large document of two sheets of parchment, torn at the foot) [Endorsed] ‘‘ Sir John Horton’s Settlement of Broughton and Coomb End Estates on the Marriage of his son Thomas Horton with Mrs. Elizabeth Guise.” between (1) Sir Jo. Horton of Elkinston alias Elston co Glos. Kt. and Dame Jane his wife, Sir Francis Popham of Littlecott co Wilts Kt., (2) Thomas Horton Esq s. & h. apparent of Sir Jo. Horton & Elizabeth Guyse eldest dau. of William Guyse of Brockworth in the co. & cyttie of Glos. Esq. & (3) said Wm. Guyse & Wm. Dennysof Pucklechurch co. Glos (... . . torn away) ‘in consideration of a mariadge by God’s grace intended ‘ between the said Thomas Horton & Elizabeth Guyse. Joynture of £2000, Manor of Broughton Gifford ; Cap. mess. in B. G. sometyme in occ. of Elizabeth Cuffe wid. & Mich. Cuffe gent, her son; Lands named Breaches, Plumgaston, Hundells, Longe Gaston, Chaw Pocke, common feilds of B. G., Mochell Meede; Cottages & land in B. G. in occ. of Jo. Twyford, Jone Lucas & Wm. Creese ; Mess called the Church howse in B. G.; Tenement & land in B. G. late in ten. of Henry Edmonds ; Broughton Wood ; Rents of lands late in ten. of Jo Tucker, Mrs. Gore wid., Jo Gerishe gent, Jo. Gerish of Durley ; hereditaments in B. G. which Wm. Brouncker late of Earle Stoke co Wilts Esq. conveyed to Sir Jo. Horton; mess*®. & lands in B. G. & Melksham ; capital mess. in Elkiston als Elston co Glos.; Coombe Green, Cowleeze, Ayler’s Meade, Woodlands, Great Water Combes, Little Water Combes, Spring Water Combes, Oxelease, the Langett, ‘‘ Between-the- Woods,” Barnewood, Combes Closes, the Acres, the lower Poole Close, the lower Pasture, the Newfeild, Bromesley Copse, Southfeild in the common feilds of -Elston, Fower Ponds, common of pasture for 300 sheep (late James Huntley deceased) ; all lying between the Manors of Winstone, Colsborne, Woodmencote, “ & the way near the Manor House of Sir Jo. Horton leading from the highway called the force towards Colsborne” ; a mess. in Hlston late in ten. of Gyles Peryn; a mess. & lands in Elston bought by Sir John Horton from Thos, John, Henry and Kkdmond Huntley, gentlemen, sons of the said James Huntley. Terms of settlement follow. Sigs. Fran: Popham (wits. sigs. Thos. Curtis, Nathanell Kveret) Will: Denys (wits. sigs. Richard Poyntz, William Chanchell) Jo: Horton: Jane Horton, Tho: Horton, Elizabeth Gise, Will: Gyse (Wits sigs.) George Marten, George (2?) Guinnett, Wm. Poole, Ja. Doule, Wm. Bell, Joseph Madocke, Richard Elly. (Seals missing, and bottom of deed torn and damaged.) 256 53. The Society's MSS. Indenture dat. 2 Nov. 17 Chas I. (English—somewhat injured by damp.) Settlement of properties in Bath on the marriage of Thos. Horton with Elizabeth Guyse eldest dau. of Wm. Guyse Esq. (1) Sir Jo Horton of Elkeston alias Elston co Glo. Kt. Exor. of the will of Edward Horton late of the cittie of Bathe co Som’set Esq. and (2) Thomas Horton Esq. s. & h. apparent of Sir Jo Horton. Recites Lease dat 29 Dec. 44 Eliz. the Mayor, Aldermen, & Cits. of Bathe & John Brewster Clarke Master of the Hospital of 8. Jo. Bap. in Bath & the Brethren & Sisters thereof to Edward Horton {& another recent lease to John Horton (now Sir John Horton)] of 2 mess*. in Bath “ before the Crosse’’ between the Hospital on the West & the tenement of Jo. Chapman, Alderman on the East for the lives of Edward Horton, John Horton & one William Horton. Wm. Horton now long since dead, & Jo Horton being Exor of Ed. Horton’s will. Recites also Lease dat 7 ' Aug 43 Eliz. & a Fine between (1) Geo. Farewell of Hilleshoppes co. 54. 55. Som’set Esq. John Pepwall! of Coldashton co Glo. & Elizabeth his wife (2) Edward Horton of cit of Bath Esq of 2 messuages in North Streete Bath, one then in the ten. of Ed. H. & the other in the ten. of Jo. Serchfeild then Alderman of Bath, and that Sir Jo. Horton is now in possession. The above properties are settled by Sir Jo Horton on Thos. Horton except the 6 years remaining on a lease of the last mentioned messuage made by Sir Jo Horton to Jo. Dansey gent & another lease for 3 lives by him to Ralphe Baylie Doctor of Physicke. Sig. Jo: Horton. Seal, a stag’s head cabossed. Wit*. sig’ George Marten, George (7) Gwinnett, W™. Poole, Ja: Doule, W™. Bell, Joseph Madocke, Rich*. Elly. Indenture dat. 3 Nov. 17 Chas. I. (on paper & in English & endorsed “Demise for 50 years of houses in Bath let on the life of S.. John Horton ”). between (1) Thomas Horton of Elkiston als Eston co. Glo - Esq. & (2) S'. John Horton of the same, Kt., father of the said T. H. Recites T. H. now possessed for several terms of years of several messuages etc in the cit. of Bath, conveyed to him by his father on his marriage “ then intended and now this present day had & solempnized ” with Elizabeth “his now wife dau. of Wm. Guyse Esq.” Sig. John Horton (seal missing). Wits. sigs. Wm. Poole, Ja: Dowle, George Gwinnett, W. Bell, Joseph Madocke, Richard Elly. Indenture dat. 20 June 19 Chas. I. 1643 (English) between (1) Sir ~ John Horton of Elstone co Glos. Kt. & (2) Edward Horton his second — | son gent of Elstone. Recites Lease for 3 lives dat. 31 Aug 1 Jas I. 1603 Edward Horton of Bath Esq. to John Richard & Ursuley Carpenter of a tenement & lands in Corsley. Sig. Jo: Horton (Plain seal, damaged), Wits. sigs Thomas Hanham, Robert Horton, mark of Elizabeth Steeuenson. [156. Indenture dat. 16 Aug. 20 Chas. I. 1644 (English) between (1) Henerie Martyn of Beckett co Berks Esq. & George Martyn of Bray 1 This deed is in possession of Sir Thomas Hanham, Bart., of Dean’s Court, Wimborne. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 257 co Berks Esq, his brother and (2) Sir John Horton of Estone co Glos. Kt. & Thos. Horton of Eston his s. & h. apparent Peppercorn Lease of the Mansion House called Barcot or Barcote in the par. of Buckland co Berks & lands heretofore let by Sir Henry Martyn of London Kt. father of the 1* parties to Chris. Hart of Barcot co Berks gent & all other hereditaments in Buckland Kecites the terms of several Bonds (1) dat 1 Nov. 15 Chas I. H. M.&G. M. & Thos Pestropp of cit. of London Esq to Sir John Horton (2) H. M & G. M. & Thos Horton to(a) Mrs Paltham widow (6) — Marsh D.D.(c) Mr. Peekes & another. Sigs (seals missing) George Marten, Henry Marten Wits. sigs. Thomas Hanham (bis) William Horton (bis) Fra: Kent.] 57. Indenture dat 26 June 23 Chas I (English) between William Flower of Melksham co Wilts yeoman & Sir Jo Horton of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts Kt. Conveyance of land, Broadmead in B. G. near Henry Sheppard’s meadow. Mention of Jeane Flower wife of Wm. F. Robert Nash & Henry Nash of Broughton his attorneys. Sig. Willm Flowir (seal missing). Wits. sigs. Edw. Horton, Robert Nash, mark of Stephen Hoskins. Endorsement—Seizin granted 4 Dec 1647 by Robert Nash & Henry Nash. Wits. sigs. Edward Horton, Robt Nash, mark of Wm. Chantrell. 58, Indenture dat. 21 June 23 Chas I (English) between Adam Rutty of Melksham co. Wilts yeoman & Sir John Horton of Broughton Gifford co Wilts Kt. Conveyance of land in Melksham (Broad Meade & | Jhesps Thornes). Mention of Ann wife of Adam Rutty. Sig. Adam | tutty (seal missing) Wits. sigs. as in No. 57. | _59. Indenture dat. 30 June 23 Chas I. between Thomas Somner of Newtowne, par. of Melksham, co Wilts yeoman & Sir Jo. Horton of Broughton Gifford co Wilts Kt. Conveyance of land in Melksham— Jeseps adjoining Broadmede & Berryfeild. Mention of Mary wife of T. S. Sig. Thomas Somner (or Samner) [seal missing]. Wits. sigs. William Horton, Robt. Nash, Mark of Will. Chauntrell, Robert Horton. 60. Indenture dat. 6 Oct 23 Chas I. between (1) William Gerrish of New Towne in par. of Melksham co. Wilts gent., & John Ashe of Freshford co. Som’set Esq and (2) Sir Jo. Horton of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts | Kt. Conveyance of land in Melksham near Broadmeade & Stackers Pitt in oce. of Nathanael Coke, parcell of New Towne Farme. Sigs. W™ Gerrish, John Ashe (seals missing). Wits. sigs. Edward Horton, Penelope Horton, Jeane Horton, mark of W™, Chantrell, Sam: Ashe, | Richard Cheswell. Wits. sigs. to seizin—Kdward Horton, Robert Horton, Robt. Nash, Nathaniell Coke, Edward Selfe. '|61. Indenture dat 25 Oct 23 Chas I between Richard Weebb of Nowtowne ) in par. of Meiksham co. Wilts yeoman & Sir Jo Horton of Broughton | Gifford co Wilts Kt. Conveyance of land in Melksham in Broadmeade bounded by the River Avon on the W. & the ground of Mr. Thos. Long ’. -on the N., now in the oce. of R. W. Sig. Richard Webb. (Seal missing) Wits. sig. Ambrose Barcroft, Penelope Horton, mark of William 258 62. 63. 64. The Society’s MSS. Chantrell. Wits. sigs to seizin. Edward Horton, Robert Nash, mark of Wm. Chantrell. Indenture Tripartite dat 8 June 24 Chas I. between (1) Wm. Guyse of Elmore co. & city of Glos. Esq. (2) Thos. Horton of Elkiston alias Elstone co Glos. Esq. s. & h. apparent of Sir John Horton late of Elkiston als Elstone & now of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts Kt. & (3) the said Sir John Horton. Recites Indenture dat 20 Sep. 17 Chas I. [See No. 52] & notes that Dame Jane Horton & Sir Francis Popham are ““sythence deceased.” ‘The Deed recites that Sir John Horton has purchased land in Corsley & Melksham with part of Elizabeth Guyse’s marriage portion & gives him acquittance for this and the balance of her £2000, Sigs. Tho: Horton (plain seal, broken) Will. Gyse (plain seal) Wits sigs. John Gyse, W™. Poole, Rob. Horton. Indenture Tripartite same date & parties as No. 62 (two membranes). Recites Indenture dat. 20 Sep. 17 Chas I. [see No. 52]. Conveyance of lands etc in Corsley & Melksham. bought by Sir Jo Horton, to Wm. Guyse & Wm. Dennys viz those of John Carpenter (here said to be “ of Whitborn in Corsley husbandman) & his s. & dau. Richard & Ursula Carpenter [see No. 55]; William Flowers [see No. 57]; Adam Rutty [see No. 58]; Thos. Somner [see No. 59] Richard Webb [see No. 61] ; and Wm. Gerrish & John Ashe [see No. 60]. Attorneys for Sir John Horton his “friends John Guyse gent & Robert Horton gent. Sigs. Tho: Horton, Will Gyse, Will. Dennys (seals missing). Wits. sigs. Jo. Gyse, Wm. Poole, Kob. Horton, Richard Poyntz, William Chantrell (Seizin undated & unwitnessed). Indenture dat. 10 June 1650 [unexecuted]. Deed of Assignment between (1) Thos. Horton of Elstone co. Glos. Esq. & Henry Marten of Beckett co Berks Esq. and (2) Thos. Hussey of Hungerford Park co Wilts Esq. lecites that Chas. Edmonds, Wm. Pullin, and James Heiron are seized in fee simple for the use of Henry Marten of a farm called Anvills and land etc in the parishes of Hungerford, Inkepen, | Shawburne, & Kintbury, co Berks; also a Bond entered into by Thos. ~ Horton for Henry Marten for £500 to Wm. Killingtree of London Esq | | which bond came into the hands of Elizabeth Marsh widow, as admin- istratrix of Wm. Killingtree late deceased ; that she obtained judgment against Thos. Horton in the Court of Common Pleas Mich. 1648 ; that by deed dat. 19 Nov 1640 C. E., W. P., and J. H. in payment of the debt to Thos. Horton sold timber (granted to them by Henry Marten) on the Estate to Thos. Smith of [blank] co Bucks gent or to Thos Lawrence of Bray co Berks gent. ‘The deed is unsigned. At the back of the deed is a “Memorandum that . . . Thomas Horton did re- ceive of Mr. Thos. Hussey the some of £500 upon sealing & delivery of the deed of assignment to the sayd Thomas Hussey & did then give acquitance for the receipt of £500 by the apointment of Henry Marten | Esq. in dischardge of a (? dett) dew to Elizabeth Marsh widowe late | | wife of James Marsh D*. in divinity all which was done in the presence } of (sigs.) Robert Horton, Richard Estcourt. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 259 Indenture dat. 11 Dec 1656 between John Wildman of Cit. of West- minster co M’sex Esq and Sir John Horton of Elston co Glos. Kt. Deed of Indemnity. Recites Indenture dat. as above between Sir John Horton & Jo. Wildman concerning the Manors messuages etc of Henry Marten & Geo. Marten in cos. Berks Oxon & Wilts together with the judgment or Extent thereof. Also recites an Indenture dat. as above tripartite between (1) Sir Jo. Horton (2) Henry Martin of Beckett co. Berks Esq &(3) John Wildman concerning the Manor of Eaton Hastings alias Water Eaton alias Water Hasting. (sig) John Wildman. (Plain seal.) (Wits sigs.) Tho: Sandes, Anthony Jenkins, Tho. Backnor, Wm. Horton, Will. Horton. Copy of Will & Probate of Sir John Horton of Broughton Gifford co Wilts Kt. dat. 13 Mar 15 Chas II 1662; proved in London (P. C. C.) 21 Nov. 1667 by Thomas Horton his son, sole executor. Bequests “‘ to my sonnes Thomas Horton, Edward Horton, Robt. Horton and William Horton 20s. to buy them “rings”; to “my three daughters Penelope Horton, Amy Mankes the wife of Anthony Mankes, gent., and Jane Stradlinge wife of Lamorocke Stradlinge Esq 20s. apeice also to buy them rings.” All the rest to my said son Thomas Horton, sole exor. (sig.) John Horton. (Wits.) Edmund Kroby, Elizabeth Henson, Penelope Mace, Wm.Chantrell. Proved in “le Strand” co. M’sex before Jo Clark LL.D 21 Nov. 1667 (sig) Simon Rollesson Registrar. Frag- ments of seal. Indenture dat. 2 Sept. 31 Chas. II. 1679. between William Horton of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts gent., & William Wakeley of B. G. carpenter. Lease for 99 years or the lives of W. W., Joane his now wife and William their son of a Cottage & land in Broughton Gifford. Mark of William Wakely (seal missing) (Wits. sig.) Meelaer Witt, mark of Thomas Walter. Indenture dat. 15 Jan 6 Anne. 1707 between John Horton of Broughton Gifford Esq and Walter Canteloe of B. G. yeoman Lease for 99 years or the lives of John, Betty & Ann Canteloe the son & daus. of W. C. of a plot of land next John Prist’s in Broughton Marsh (sig.) Walt. Cantelo. Seal (? a crest) a fish impaled on a spearhead. (Wits. sigs.) Ann Edwards, Da. Noble. Indenture dat. 10 Mar 8 Anne between John Horton of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts Esq. and William Wynn of B.G. Broadweaver Lease for 99 years or the lives of W. W., Mary his wife & Hesther Wynn their daughter of a stone cottage to be built by W. W., on land fronting the street of B. G. near a tenement of Richard Pinchin of Holt & Jo. Burler the younger Markof W™ Wynn. (Wits. sigs ) Thos. Horton, Da:Webbe [indorsed] ‘This was altered in the possession of James Lister.” Endorsed also with an agreement that Jo Horton his heirs ete. ‘‘ shall have the use of the well & liberty to carry of the Gate & paving stones on the within menconed p'misses.” 260 Lhe Socrety’s MSS. 70. Indenture Quinquepartite dat. 15 Feb. 12 Geo I. 1725 (Large deed of 4 membranes) between (1) Thomas Bennett of Steeple Ashton co. Wilts sq. & Thomas Bennett jun. of Combe Haway co. Som’set Esq. s. & h. apparent of tle said Thos. Bennett Senr (2) Elinor Horton of cit. of Glos. spinster one of the daus. of Thos. Horton of Coom End co Glo. Esq. (3) Robert Smith of Foxcote co Som’set Esq. & William Blanch of Wootton n" the cit. of Glos Esq. (4) John Horton of Broughton co Wilts Esq & Thos. Clement of Weston co. Som’set Esq. Marriage settlement to provide the jointure of £300 p.a. on Elinor Horton on her marriage with Thomas Bennett Jun™. Manor of Coombe Haway alias Coombe Hay co Som’set & lands in Coombe Haway, Wellowe, and Twinhoe now or late in poss. of Thomas Bennett Sent & Jun’. Also lands ete. Coombe Haway, Wellowe, Dunkerton, South-. stoake, Englishcombe, & 'l'winhoe co. Som’set now or late in poss. or tenure of Wm. Barham, Mich. Willis, Wm. White, Robert Willis, Lord John Phelps, Jo Gibbs, Rosewell Smithfeild, Aurelius Webb, Henry Phelps, Richard Winsor, Samuel Teart, Joseph Millard, John Gay, George Watkyne, Edwd Barnard, Fras. Charmbury, Robt Willis, Farmer Henry Stacy, Samuel Moxom, Susan Godwin, Robert Tutt, Henry Stead, & Ann Millard, widow ; and the Advowson of Coombe Haway alias Coombe Hay. Provision for entail. (Sigs.)'Tho: Bennett & Tho: Bennett jun. have each armorial seal. Arms and crest of Bennett of Steeple Ashton (party per fesse crenelléea pale & 3 demi-lions rampant (?) crowned. Crest a demi-lion rampant (?) crowned & sup- porting a (2) tower). (Sigs) Elianor Horton & Tho: Clement—Seal with scroll. (Wits. sigs.) Jo: Coombs, Marlin Taylor, Eliz: Clement Rich: Levermore. 71. Indenture dat 1 June 4 Geo II. 1731 between Thomas Horton of Wootton co. Glos. Esq. and James Mayo of Wootton co Glos yeoman “for several years faithful service”) Lease for 99 years or the lives of J.M. and Susan Mayo, his now wife, of 5 ac. of meadow in Broughton Gifford co Wilts called Pinncks, n™ the highway from Broughton to Melksham, formerly in poss. of Rich*. Biggs & now in poss. of Sarah Beard widow. (Sig.) Thomas Horton. Seal, a man’s head. (Wits. sigs.) Kich* Roberts, W™. Roberts. 72. Indenture dat 24 Aug 1734 Lease for 500 years between Thomas Horton of Wootton co Glos, Lord of the Manor of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts Esq. and Richard Goore of Broughton Gifford yeoman mess. & garden & 2 lugs part of the waste of the Manor of B.G. lying by Church Brook. Mark of Richard Goore. Part of a seal (? armorial) (Wits. sigs) Richard Roberts, John Parry. 73. Ditto. Same date. Edward Keen of Broughton Gifford yeoman. Mess & garden in Broughton Marsh Mark of E. K. Part of armorial seal, a lion rampant impaling a stag’s head cabossed. (Wits. sigs.) Richard Roberts, John Parry. 74. Ditto. Same date. Grace Wakely of Broughton Gifford W°. Mess. é garden in Broughton Gifford (sig.) Garace Wakely. Seal, a Paschal Lamb. (Wits. sigs.) Richard Roberts, John Parry. sient tea. fi talents 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. By the Rev. A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 261 Ditto. Samedate. Daniell Keen, Jun‘. of Broughton Gifford Yeoman. Mess. & gardenin B.G. Mark of D.K.jun. Seal & wits. sigs as No. 74. Ditto Same date. Samuel Mortimer of Broughton Gifford yeoman. Mess & Garden in Broughton Marsh. Sig. Samuel Mortimor. Seal & wits. sigs. as No. 74. Ditto. Same date. John Baggs of Broughton Gifford yeoman. Mess. & garden in Broughton Marsh. Mark of J.B. Part of a seal. Same wits. sigs. as No, 74. Ditto. Same date. Nicholas Collett of Broughton Gifford yeoman Mess. & garden in Broughton Marsh. Mark of M. C. Seal & wits. sigs. as in No. 74. Ditto Same date. William Gay of Broughton Gifford yeoman Mess & garden in Broughton Gifford. Mark of W. G. Seal & wits. sigs. as in No. 73. Ditto Same date. (William Gay erased) Thomas Mattick (over- written) of Norington in Broughton Gifford, yeoman. Mess. & garden in Norington. (Sig) Thos. mattIck. Seal & wits. sigs. as in No. 74. . Ditto Same date. John Winn of Norrington in Broughton Gifford, yeoman. Mess & garden in B.G. Mark of John Win. Seal & wits. sigs. as in No. 74. Ditto Same date. (Daniell Keen Sen’. erased) William Pocock (over- written) of Broughton Gifford yeoman. Mess. & garden in (Broughton Marsh erased) Norrington overwritten) ‘“ now in possession of Daniell Keen (sic) N.B.—The two names have not been properly interchanged throughout the deed. Mark of Wm. Pocock. Seal & wits. sigs. as in No. 74. Ditto. Same date. Joseph Collett of Broughton Gifford yeoman. Mess. & garden (“he now possesses” overwritten) “adjoining the spot of ground now in his poss. but Jately in poss. of one Catherine Gay widow” in Woodlane, Broughton Gifford. (Sig.) Thos. Horton. Seal and wits. sigs. as in No. 74. Four endorsements on the back of the deed :— (1) Of an assignment dat. 10 Feb. 1771 the within named Joseph Collett to Elizabeth Hunt for £1. 10 (rather illegible). (2) 2 July 1774 “I do allow (? Milly) Collett to hold the eight lugs added to the within . . . upon paying me the further sum of sixpence yearly as witness my hand this 24 day of July 1774 (Sig.) J. Roberts.” (3) “Rect. 6 of March . . . of Farm' .. . Dark thesum of £4. 10s. for the within mentioned premises for the use of John Roberts Esq. in full by me Jn® Hayward.” (4) “Nov. 15. 1779 I do hereby give up my right & title to John Hayward & his hairs (sec) y° within Cottage & land theirunto. belonging etc for £4. 8s. Od. (Sig.) Harry Collett. (Wit.) mark of Christian Buckland.” 262 84. 85. 86. The Society's MSS. Indenture dat 8 June 7 Geo II. 1734 between John Horton of Broughton . Gifford co Wilts, Esq. & John Prist of the same place Broadweaver, Copyhold lease for 99 years or 3 lives Surrender by J. Prist of a Cottage and a plot, part of Bull’s Leaze, adjoining Rudman’s in Broughton Marsh wh. he held for his own & the lives of Mary his then wife & ‘Thomas his son both since deceased. Regrant of same for 99 years or the lives of Himself, Eleanor his now wife, & Charles Gores. of Richard Gore late of B. G. Broadweaver, deceased Mark of John Prist. Seal a crest (lion rampant) (Wits. sigs.) Mary Jeffer, Wm. Selfe. Indenture dat. 24 Mar. 1739 between (1) Thomas Horton of Wooton ~ near the cit. of Gloucester Esq. and (2) Elizabeth Blanch wife of William — Blanch of Wooton Esq. & Eleanor Roberts wife of Richard Roberts of the Middle Temple Esq. sisters of the said Thomas Horton. Pro- vision for any future wife & issue of Thos. Horton & an entail on his Manor of Broughton Gifford co. Wilts & all lands ete in Broughton Gifford, Elkstone alias Elkistone & Colesborne co Glo., Wooton um Gloucester, & other properties in cos. of Glos. & Wilts or elsewhere in England. Entail on “ Any wife he shall hereafter marry,” for life then any lawful male issue & their heirs; then any daughters & their heirs; in default of issue to the second parties of this deed & their heirs (Sig.) Tho’. Horton. Seal, a Paschal Lamb. (Wits. sigs) Jn°. Parry (erased), James Window, Tho. Bagehott. (Folded within the deed is a single sheet of paper endorsed “ Agreem'* Septt 29 1758.” “ Brereton, Clerk, and others against Roberts Esq & others, In Chancery.” “ Heard for an Accommodation between the Parties as to the matter in queon in this cause.” “That such reall Estate of Tho* Horton Esqre deced as he had power to dispose of shall be divided into three equal parts Whereof one shall be Conveyed to the Deft John Roberts Esqte Another to the Deft. William Blanch the younger & the remaining third part to the Complt Richard Brereton.” “hat the Complt Mr. Brereton shall receive one third part of the rents & penta of the said Estates from the decease of the said Tho* Horton.” “ That the complts shall release all claim or right to all other the | personal estate of the said Thos. Horton. . . a cia ag all proceedings at law & in Equity between the ord aries be in the mean time stayed.” : Sept. 29" 1758. We whose names are hereunto Subscribed do agree to the above written proposalls. (Sigs.) John Roberts, William Blanch | on behalf of my son W™ Blanch, Rich? Brereton. Indenture dat 4 June 1741 Lease for 500 years. Thomas Horton of | Wotton co Glos Lord of the Manor of Broughton Gifford co Wilts | Esq. and James Butler of Broughton Gifford carpenter. A piece of waste | ground in B. G. late Andrew Mortimer’s (Sig.) James Butler. Seal aj crest (a boar statant) (Wits. sigs.) George Gibbs. Rich®. Parry. | 87. By the Rev, A. W. Stote, F.S.G., Lond. 963 Indenture dat 18 Mar. 20 Geo. II. 1746 between Henry Merewether of Foxcote co Som’set clerk and John Horton of cit. of Bath co. Som’set Apothecary. Conveyance of Reversion in trust. Recites Lease dat. 11 Nov. last between Edward Baynton Rolt of Spy Park co. Wilts Esq and said Henry Merewether. Mess. & 42 ac. in Enmore co, Som’set parcel of Manor of Enmore then in poss. of Robt Troak after life of Hannah wife of Robert Troak & for the life of Henry Merewether s. of John Merewether of Chippenham co Wilts Dr. of Physic aged about 10 years Recites also another lease of same date between the same parties. Mess. & 50 ac. in Bromfield co Som’set after the life of Thos. Nowell s. of Thos. Nowell of London gent., and for the lives of John Merewether aged about 11 years and Henry M. aged about 10 years both sons of the said Dt-Jo. M. (Sig.) Henry Merewether. Seal _ armorial (Arms of Clutterbuck, a lion ramp. in chief 3 escallops) (Wits. _ sigs ) Lewis Clutterbuck, Thos. White. 38. Indenture dat. 4 May 7 George III. 1767 (3 large membranes) [Endorsed] “Settlement on Mr. Horton’s Intermarriage with Miss Collibee”” between (1) Edward Bushell Collibee of the par: of Lyncomb & Widcomb co. Som’set Esq. (2) Elizabeth Collibee of the same, spinster, his dau. (2) John Horton the younger of the city of Bath co Som’set Apothecary and (4) Rev. Charles Stone D.D. Archdeacon of Kells in the Kingdom of Ireland and Lewis Clutterbuck gent of the city of Bath. KRecites Lease dat. 12 Dec. 1757 between (1) the Mayor Aldermen, & Cits. of Bath and (2) Edw‘ Bushell Collibee of the city of Bath gent & Chas Holder of Bathampton Esq. Mess. in the Grove in par. of SS. Peter & Paul Bath on N. side of the Church & near tenement of John Godwin Lease for 99 years or the lives of William Cottle son of John Cottle then aged about 14 years, John Tucker, s. of Jo. ‘Tucker Farrier, then aged about 13 years, & Chas Milsom s. of Chas Milsom Cooper then aged about 18 years, all of the City of Bath. Marriage intended between John Horton Junt- & Elizabeth Collibee (with consent of her father) & settlement of E. B. C.’s moiety on trust with 4'" parties as Trustees (Sigs.) Edward Bushell Collibee, Elizabeth Collibee John Horton Jun'*- Same armorial seal in each case (sa. two bends arg. on a canton argent a bend sa. Crest, a demi-gryphon) (Wits. sigs.) John Horton, Tho: Harford. [Folded in the deed isa Paper document dated 12 Dec. 1757 & endorsed “ Zhe Corporation of Bath to Messrs. Collibee & Harford. Copy of Lease.” | 964. EAST WILTSHIRE RUST FUNGL. By Crcit P. Hurst. The Uredinales form a group of Fungi which is also spoken of as the Uredineae or Rusts. An accurate acquaintance with their nature is of great importance to the gardener, the forester, or the agriculturist, on account of the enormous loss which is caused by them every year, and which can, at least in part, be avoided by a fuller knowledge. The effect of the Uredineae in reducing crop production is great beyond calculation. A Canadian authority has estimated the loss caused by rust in wheat in the prairie region of Canada in 1917 at 100,000,000 bushels, representing a value of between £25,000,000 and £50,000,000. For the same year the loss in the five chief cereals in the United States exceeded 400,000,000 bushels, and it is to check in some degree such devastation that an Imperial Bureau of Mycology has recently been established in England, with its headquarters at Kew Green, near Kew Gardens. ‘his Bureau will be a central organi- zation for the encouragement and co-ordination of work throughout the British Empire on the diseases of plants caused by fungi, in relation to agriculture, and willalso be an agency for the accumulation and distribution — of information and for the identification of specimens sent in from all parts 7 of the Empire. All the species of Rust Fungi are parasitic, growing upon 7 or in a living plant, which is called the host. The majority of the species. 7 have more than one stage of growth, distinguished by the form and arrange- || ment of the spores which they produce ; the number of distinct kinds of || spores which a single species can possess varies from one to five, viz. :— spermatia, aecidiospores or rejuvenating spores, uredospores or summer | spores, teleutospores or winter spores, and basidiospores, the order indicating 4 the succession in which they appear. After the winter’s rest, the teleuto- © spores germinate and produce basidiospores and if these are blown by the © wind or carried by insects to the proper hosts their germ tubes bore through | the cuticle and then ramifying, form a mycelium, or tissue composed of | branching threads, and this producing new spore-forms, the life-history of | the rust is continued. If the various spore-forms are all borne upon one | host, the species is called autcecious; but it is a remarkable fact that a large number of the Rust Fungi pass their existence alternately upon two: "| hosts, certain of the spore-forms being always produced upon the one and | the remainder upon the other, such species are called hetercecious. Rather more than one-twelfth of the Rust Fungi are hetercecious.. Phragmidium | violaceum, the orange uredospores and black teleutospores of which are so | common in sori or clusters on the under surface of Blackberry leaves from | August onwards is an example of an autcecious rust, while Melampsora | Rostrupit, the aecidiospores of which were seen on the Dog’s Mercury | (Mercurialis perennis)in Foxbury Wood near Great Bedwyn in spring and |f the uredospores on the aspen (Populus tremula) at Burridge Heath, not far jf off, in autumn, is an example of a hetercecious species. Thespores of Rust Hast Wilts Rust Fungv. 265 Fungiare generally produced in clusters which are called sori. Two hundred and fifty species of rust are described in W. B. Grove’s “British Rust Fungi (Uredinales),”a work to which this paper is much indebted ; fifty-five of these, observed around Great Bedwyn in 1920 and 1921,are recorded in the following list. A noteworthy plantis Puccintastrum pustulatum growing on the Rose- bay Willow-herb (E'pilobium angustefolvwm), which I have found in five locali- ties near Great Bedwyn, the black teleutospores occurred plentifully in one place on Stokke Common; this is a very rare rust and is recorded from only one locality (in Surrey) in the above-mentioned book, which was published in 1913;another rare species is Puccenia T'hesi, observed growing on the Bastard Toadflax (Theseum humifusum) upon the downs near Alton Barnes, while uncommon rusts recorded below are Uromyces Geran, U.Trifolii, Puccinia Angelicae, P. Chondrillae, P. Betonicae, P.annularis, P. Iridis, and Kndo- phyllum Euphorbrae-silvaticae. The host plants on which the rusts occurred have been arranged in accordance with the tenth edition of the London Catalogue with regard to sequence and nomenclature. Although not occurring in our district, Mr. E. J. Tatum’s discovery of Caeoma Ari-italict parasitical upon Cuckoo-pint (Arum maculatum) near Salisbury in April, 1897, may be mentioned; Caeoma Arz-italict, which has also been found in France and Germany, is a very rare rust and Mr. Tatum’s record is the only one given in Grove’s “ British Rust Fungi.” Puccinia Violae (DC) on Viola sylvestris (Kit.) Wood Violet. The aecidia on the stem and leaves near Folly Farm, Great Bedwyn, forming swollen yellowish spots ; a very common rust. P. Malvacearum (Mont.) on Malva sylvestris (Linn.) Common Mallow. The hard reddish-brown sori of the teleutospores at Great Bedwyn and near Ramsbury. One of the most noticeable of the rusts with a very in- teresting history. It was first made known in 1852 by Montagu from a specimen found in Chili and was observed in Australia in 1857 (Mc. Alpine). In Europe it appeared in 1869, in South Africa in 1875, and it has now spread all over the world. . It is believed that Chili was its native home; the rapidity of its distribution to other countries has few or no parallels among plant diseases. It is now a very common rust in this country and Mr. Carleton Rea tells me he finds it all through the winter near Worcester. Uromyces Gerani (Otth. et Wart) on Geranium pratense (Linn.), Meadow Cranesbill. The blackish-brown sori of the teleutospores near Wilton Water and in Hatchet Lane, Great Bedwyn; an uncommon species. Puccinia Lolit (Nielsen) on Rhamnus catharticus (Linn.), Common Buckthorn. Near Froxfield, the aecidia forming yellow swellings on the leaves, and the orange sori of the uredospores on oats (Avena Sativa) near Burridge Heath in July ; an example of a hetercecious rust, the aecidiospores appearing in May and June on Buckthorn and the uredospores and teleuto- Spores occurring on various species of grasses later in the year. Uromyces Trifolir (Lév.) on Trifolium medium (Linn.), Zig-Zag Clover. The dark brown sori of the teleutospores in one place on Burridge Heath in June; an uncommon rust. Puccinia Pruni-spinosae (Pers.) on Spiraea Ulmaria (Linn.), Meadow Sweet. The brownish-black sori of the teleutospores at the end of August VOL. XLI,—NO. CXXXIV. T Doo te East Wilts Rust Fungi. on the under surface of the leaves near Wilton Water; very common on the Meadow Sweet in this country, but very uncommon on the Dropwort (Spirea Filipendula). Phragmidium violaceum (Wint.) on Rubus frutecosus (Linn.), Common Blackberry. The yellow sori of the uredospores and afterwards the black sori of the teleutospores on the under surface of the leaves ; very common in this district, Folly Farm, Oakhill, Conyger, etc., etc. The aecidiospores and teleutospores are on large conspicuous red and purple spots, hence the specific name, vzolacewm ; these spots are very noticeable as autumn advances and must be familiar to every country dweller, they may be found all through the winter. It is stated that Phragmidium violaceum infests most of the sub-species of Rubus frutecosus, except those belonging to the group “ Corylifolii,’ while Phragmidium Rubi is confined to that group and the allied Rubus caestus (W. B. Grove). P. Fragariastri (Schrot.) on Potentila sterilis (Garcke), Barren Straw- berry. The bright orange aecidial stage of this plant which appears in March is one of the earliest rusts of spring ; it shows on the leaves as soon as they are developed, extending even to the calyx, and is common around Great Bedwyn. During the mild early spring of 1921 it was observed on 5th February in Tottenham Park. Uromyces Alchemillae (Lév.) on Alchemilla vulgaris (Linn), Common Lady’s Mantle. The brown sori of the teleutospores on the under surface of the leaves in Chisbury Wood in September ; a common rust which attains considerable altitudes in Wales and Scotland, and has been gathered at 7,2COft. in Switzerland, Phragmidium Sanguisorbae (Schroét.) on Poterzum Sanguisorbae (Linn.), The Lesser Burnet. The orange sori of the uredospores on the east of Bedwyn Brails; a rather common rust. Puccinastrum Agrimonae (‘Tranzchell) on Agrimonia Hupatoria (Linn.), Common Agrimony. ‘The orange-yellow sori of the uredospores at Scrope’s Farm, near Rudge Manor, Froxfield, in October; the uredospores are common in this species but the teleutospores are very rare everywhere and have not been found in Britain. ) Phragmidium disciflorum (James) on Rosa canina (Linn.), Dog Rose. The uredospores are very common on the under surface of wild roses around Great Bedwyn, and also occur on cultivated roses in Ivy House garden in the village ; this rust has been introduced with cuttings into Australia and other parts of the world. Pucciniastrum pustulatum (Dietel) on HL pilobium augustifolium (Linn. ), Rosebay Willowherb. The orange sori of the uredospores in Chisbury Wood, near Stokke Common, Bedwyn Brails, the garden of Ivy House in Great Bedwyn village and in Savernake Forest in September and October, the black teleutospores on Stokke Common in November. Evidently widely distributed in this district. This is supposed to be an extremely rare rust and only one record is given in W. B. Grove’s “ British Rust Fungi,” that by Mr. E. W. Swanton, who found it at Shere, near Abinger, in Surrey. Mr. H. H. Knight tells me he has seen it near Cheltenham, and it may be becoming more common ; teleutospores from Stokke Common were sent By Cecil P. Hurst. | 267 to the Herbarium of the British Museum and to Mr. Carleton Rea, of the British Mycological Society. ‘The whitish aecidia occur beneath the leaves of the Silver Fir (Abzes pectinata), but have not been found in Great Britain. Pulceinia pulverulenta (Grev.) on Epilobium montanum (Linn), Broad- leaved Willowherb. The dark-brown sori of the teleutospores in Foxbury Wood in August; a common rust; affected plants are easily recognizable by their paler and yellowish colour. P. Circaeae (Pers.) on Circaea lutetiana (Linn.), Enchanter’s Nightshade. The brown sori of the teleutospores in Bedwyn Brails in October; rather common. P. Saniculae (Grev.) on Sanicula europea (Linn.), Wood Sanicle. In October the brown sori of the teleutospores in Rivar Firs, near Shalbourne ; a common rust. P. Angelicae (Fckl.) on Angelica sylvestris (Linn.), Wild Angelica. The brown sori of the teleutospores at the end of August on the under surface of the leaves of a number of plants near Wilton Water ; uncommon. Uromyces Valerianae (Fckl.) on Valeriana dioica (Linn.), Marsh Valerian. The dark-brown sori of the teleutospores in August in Foxbury Wood; a common uredine. Puccinia Adoxae (Hedw. f.) on Adoxa Moschatellina (Linn.), Moschatel: The dark-brown sori of the teleutospores in April in Foxbury Wood ; a not uncommon rust, appearing early, in March, April, and May. P. Poarum (Niels.) on Tussilago Farfara (Linn.), Common Coltsfoot. The orange aecidia on the under surface of the leaves, cup-shaped, with a dentate white revolute margin easily seen with a lens, by the side of the Canal at Great Bedwyn in July, and very common through the district; a heteroecious species, the uredospores and teleutospores occurring on various species of grass of the genus Poa. They are common but easily overlooked ee searched for. Coleosporvum Petasvtis (Lév.) on Petasites officonalis (Moench. ), Butterbur. The sori of the teleutospores abundant along the Canal between Great Bedwyn and Froxfield forming little red crusts on the under surface of the leaves from August onwards; a not uncommon plant. C. Senectonis (Fr.) on Senecio vulgaris (Linn.), Common Groundsel. The sori of the teleutospores forming little red crusts under the leaves, plentiful on waste ground at Great Bedwyn in September ; a very common rust. Puccima obtegens (Tul.) on Onicus arvensis (Hoftm.), Common Creeping Thistle. The dark-brown sori of the teleutospores on the under surface of the leaves are common in this district, affected leaves turn yellowish ; the teleutospores were first noticed in Foxbury Wood in September ; I did not observe the spermogones which appear towards the end of April and are easily detected by their bright honey-yellow colour and their strong perfume, resembling that of privet-flowers ; a very common species. Puccinia Lapsanae (Fckl.) on Lapsana communis (Linn.), Common Nipplewort. The blackish-brown sori of the teleutospores near Wilton Water in August; a very common rust. yD 265 Hast Wilts Rust Fungi. P. Taraxaci (Plowr.) on Taraxacum officinale (Weber), Dandelion. ‘The brown sori of the teleutospores in September near Savernake Station (G.W.R.); rather common. P. Chondrillae (Cord.) on Lactuca muralis (Gaertn), Wall lettuce. The blackish-brown sori of the teleutospores at Rivar Firs in September ; an uncommon species. Coleosporium Sonchi (Lév.) on Sonchus arvensis (Linn.),Corn Sow-thistle. The waxy-red crusts of the sori of the teleutospores plentiful in a cornfield near Newtown Shalbourne at the end of August, also near Wilton, etc, — rather common in the district ; a not uncommon rust, a heteroecious species, the aecidia occurring on Scotch Fir (Pinus sylvestris). C. Kuphrasiae( Wint.) on Huphrasia officinalis(Linn.),Common Eyebright. The small flat roundish red sori of the teleutospores near Bedwyn Brails in September, where they also occurred on Bartsta Odontites (Huds.), Red Bartsia ; a very common species. Puccinia Menthae (Pers.) on Mentha arvensis (Linn.) Corn Mint. In Bedwyn Brails in October and on Jf. aquatica (Linn.), Water Mint, on Stokke Common in November, the dark-brown sori of the teleutospores ; very common on garden mint (JZ. viridis), rather common on some of the other species. : P. Glechomatis (DC) on Nepeta hederacea (Trev.), Ground Ivy. The dark- brown sori of the teleutospores nearSavernakeStation(G. W.R.)inSeptember; a not uncommon rust. P. Betonicae (DC) on Stachys officinalis (Trev.), Betony. The dark-brown sori of the teleutospores in June upon plants in one place on Burridge Heath, Great Bedwyn; an uncommon plant. P. annularis (Schl.) on Teucrium Scorodonia (Linn.), Wood Sage. The rusty brown sori of the teleutospores in one place in Birch Copse, Savernake Forest, in August ; uncommon. Uromyces Rumicis (Wint.) on a species of Aumex in Chisbury Wood, the dark cinnamon-coloured sori of the teleutospores in September ; I cannot quite remember the. host, it may have been AR. sanguwineus var. viridis (Sibth.) ; a common uredine. Puceinia Acetosae (Korn.) on Rumex Acetosa (Linn.), Sorrel. The brown sori of the teleutospores occurred on the under surface of the leaves of the Common Sorrel between Chisbury Wood and Chisbury Lane (teste E. W. Swanton) ; Grove’s “ British Rust Fungi” gives only three records for this plant, Malden (Yorks.), Bewdley (Worcester), and Ireland, co. Antrim. P. Thesis (Chaill.) on @icsiam humifusum (DC), Basmati ean orange aecidia, which are between cylindrical and cup-shaped, witha white torn recurved margin, and are very pretty under the lens, in late spring on the downs near Alton Barnes; this is supposed to bea rare rust, buta | correspondent suggests that it is the host that is rare and not the rust, the | latter occurring wherever the 7’hesewm is found. Melampsora Euphorbiae (Cast.) on Euphorbia Peplus (Linn.), Petty if Spurge. The bright orange sori of the uredospores common on waste | ground at Great Bedwyn in September, and also plentiful in the surrounding | cornfields on #. exigua (Linn.), Dwarf Spurge ; a very common rust. By Cecil P. Hurst, 269 Endophyllum Euphorbiae-silvaticae (Wint.) on Huphorbia amygdaloides (Linn), Wood Spurge. The orange sori of the teleutospores in August in Birch Copse, Savernake Forest, and also in Chisbury Wood; W. B. Grove states the affected shoots are taller than the normal ones with shorter, wider, and paler leaves ; rather uncommon. Melampsora Rostrupu (Wagn.). The bright orange aecidia on Mercurialis perennis (Linn.), Dog’s Mercury, in Foxbury Wood about the end of April ; the orange sori of the uredospores near Burridge Heath on Populus tremula (Linn.), theAspen ; a hetercecious rust. Melampsoridium betulinum (Kleb.) on Betula alba (Linn.), Common Birch. The orange sori of the uredospores very common on the under surface of birch leaves from August onwards in Savernake Forest, etc. ; a hetercecious rust, the aecidia of which occur on Larix europaea (Larch), they are very rare everywhere and have not been found in Britain; the orange clusters of the uredospores under birch leaves are a familiar object in the Forest in autumn. Melampsora Larict eprtea (Fisch. ) on Salix triandra var. Hoffmanniana (Sm.), Almond or French Willow. The orange sori of the uredospores on willows by the Canal between Great Bedwyn and Crofton; the uredo and teleutospores occur on many species of willow; the aecidiospores grow on the Larch ( Larzx europaea) earlier in the year ; a very complex species which has been divided into eight biological races. M. Allu-fragilrs on Salix triandra var. Hoffmanniana (Sm.), Almend, or French Willow. ‘The orange sori of the uredospores near the Kennet and Avon Canal at Oakhill, Froxfield, in July ; the aecidospores occur on the Onion (Allizwm Cepa), Wild Garlic (A. Ursanum) and other species of Allcum earlier in the year ; this rust was kindly named by Mr. J. Ramsbothom, of the British Museum. M. Ribesia-purpureae (Kleb.) on Salix purpurea (Linn.), Purple Osier. The orange sori of the uredospores on the north side of the Canal at Great Bedwyn in August; the bright orange colour of the spore-clusters contrasted very prettily with the glaucous blue of the willow leaves. M, Larici-Caprearum (Kleb.) on Salix Caprea (Linn.), Goat Willow. The orange sori of the uredospores in Bedwyn Brails in July, the aecidiospores are found on Larch (Larix europaea) earlier i in the year; the commonest species of Melampsora. M. Larici-populina (Kleb.) an Populus nigra (Linn.), Black Poplar. The orange sori of the uredospores in Foxbury Wood in August; an uncommon rust. Puccimalridis(Wallr.) on Iris fetidissima (Linn.),Fetid Iris, or Gladdon. The reddish-brown sori of the uredospores in November in Hatchet Lane, Great Bedwyn; the sori were numerous and were seated on conspicuous oblong yellowish spots which made the Iris leaves look remarkably varie- gated. P. oblongata (Wint.) on. Luzula pilosa (Willd.), Hairy Woodrush. The blackish- brown sori of the teleutospores in October in Bedwyn Brails; the uredospores occur from May to July on the same plant. P. Caricis (Reb.) on Carex acutiformis (Ehrh.), Marsh Sedge. The 270 East Wilts Rust Fungt. pale-brown sori of the uredospores on sedges at Oakhill, Ramsbury, etc., the very common nettle and sedge rust, a good example of a hetercecious species. The teleutospores of this plant germinate after the winter’s rest; they succeed most easily during April; they may be found on new or old species of Carex all the year round ; the aecidia form yellow swellings from April to June on the stems and leaves of the Common Nettle ( Urtica dioica), which are often very large and cause great distortion ; it is almost in vain to look for these swellings (aecidia) on the Nettle except in the vicinity of water where sedges are growing, but where such a conjunction occurs, the parasite may often be found upon both hosts in abundance every year. P. glumarum (Er. et Henn.) on Hordeum vulgare (Linn.), Common Barley. The yellow sori of the uredospores near Chisbury Wood in August ; a well-known plant, called Spring Rust from its early appearance and Yellow Rust from the bright yellow colour of the uredospores. Of the above fungi, Puceinia Malvacearum is the much dreaded Hollyhock Rust which has caused so much damage to hollyhocks in English gardens. It ditfers from other rusts in the simplicity of its life-history and also in the fact that it is not confined (as almost all the others are) to one kind of plant but appears, so far as is known at present, to range over the greater part of a sub-family. It has been found on over fifty species belonging to nearly all the genera of the sub-family Malveae, a division of the Malvaceae, or Mallow Natural Order, and is especially frequent on the Common Mallow (Malva sylvestris), the Musk Mallow (M. Moschata), and on the Holly- © hock (Althaea rosea) which belong to this Natural Order. The clusters of teleutospores appear in spring as thick round hard pale reddish cushions on every green part of the plant and produce basidiospores which can cause fresh infection and so the disease spreads rapidly. It is most active about the end of summer and has often been the cause of a serious epidemic among the more susceptible kinds of hollyhock. The chief means of preventing the disease (apart from using ceed from uninfected plants) is to gather and burn all dead leaves from the infected bed. | When the disease does appear, spraying with Bordeaux mixture is the best . | remedy against its spreading. It is the very young shoots that require | spraying; although the pustules appear chiefly on the lower surface of the leaves, there can be little doubt that infection by the basidiospores takes place mainly through the upper surface. ADDENDA. The following rust fungi were observed near Great Bedwyn during March and April, 1921 :— Uromyces. Ficariae (Lév.). The chocolate-brown teleutospore-sori on | Ranunculus Ficaria (Linn.), the Lesser Celandine, in Ivy House garden in | the village ; a very common rust. 4 Uromyces Poae (Raben). The cup-shaped, yellow aecidia with torn | recurved margin, rather common on Ranunculus Ficaria on the south side | of the Kennet and Avon Canal between Great Bedwyn and Pewsey and also near Rivar. . By Cecil P. Hurst. PATA Phragmidium Fragariastre (Schrot.). The bright orange caeomata on Potentilla sterilis (Garcke), the Barren Strawberry, in the brickwork of the wall on the south side of the garden of Tottenham House, Savernake Forest, on the 5th Feb., 1921, a very early record. Mr. Carleton Rea tells me he has never seen this rust before March, and attributes its early ap- pearance to the mild weather of the previous month. Puccinia Hypocheridis (Oud.). ‘The brown uredospores and teleutospores on the under-surface of the leaves of Hypocheris radicata (Linn.), Long- rooted Cats’-Ear, near Folly Farm, and London Ride, Savernake Forest, on the 5th and 6th April, 1921 ; Mr. Carleton Rea wrote :—“ I was certainly very much surprized to find your sori contained both teleutospores and uredospores of Puce. Hypocheridis, and agree with you it is abnormally early for them. I should consider the teleutospores minutely rough, especially on the upper portion. I presume this very early season will give us many interesting records.” Mr. J. Ramsbothom tells me he has had this fungus in May (1915), and says the teleutospores are quite common. Puccinia Primulae (Dubp). The orange aecidia with a broad much-cut revolute white margin, in some quantity on the under-surface of the leaves of Primula vulgaris (Linn.) Common Primrose, in Bedwyn Brails Wood, on 8th April; an uncommon rust. Uromyces Scillarum (Wint.). The dark-brown teleutospore-sori on the leaves of Seilla non-scripta (Hoffmgg. & Link.), Common Bluebell, in Bedwyn Brails and Wilton Brails Woods; a common species. Puccinia Phalaridis (Plowr.). The honey-coloured spermogones and yellow aecidia on the under-surface of the leaves ofArum maculatum(Linn.), Common Lords and Ladies, sparingly on the south side of the Kennet and Avon Canal near Great Bedwyn; Mr. Ramsbothom tells me that this rust, which is supposed to be infrequent, is common in Surrey, and adds :—“ It is quite surprizing how at a place like Minehead the ‘rare’ rusts on Ferns are exceedingly common, and say, Puccineastrum Circeae, abundant in Surrey is replaced by Puccenia Circeae almost entirely.” About a rust which I found growing on the leaves of Ranunculus acris (Linn.), Upright Meadow Crowfoot, on the south side of the Kennet and Ayon Canal between Savernake and Wootton Rivers, Mr. Ramsbothom wrote :—‘“ Your fungus is the aecidium of either Uromyces Dactylidis or Puccinia perplexans. It is apparently impossible to distinguish between these species except by growing on the alternate hosts. The latter is very uncommon—the host being Alopecurus pratensis, Foxtail Grass.” The above rust was also rather common on buttercup leaves at Oakhill, Frox- field, in water meadows. 279, ROMAN WANBOROUGH. By A. D. PAssMoRE. In the year 43 A.D. the Claudian Conquest began and by the middle of the first century Wiltshire was conquered and being used as a basal district supporting the armies on the frontiers of the Welsh tribes and those who under various names were defending their national existence in the centre of the country. This hazardous warfare in a strange land demanded good roads and there can be little doubt that one of the earliest of the great Roman roads to the West of England is the line Londinium, Calleva, Spine, Corinium, aiming at and eventually reaching the Severn and the Welsh borders at Glevum. This road (Iter XIII.) enters Wiltshire at a point S.E. of Baydon and continuing to the N.W. reaches Wanborough Plain, two miles after that place. Here still remains a fine section of the old road on the open down. Taking a fresh direction it passes Fox Hill and de- scending into the valley at Callas Hill proceeds thence direct to Gloucester. As the conquest gradually pushed its way to the west it would be found that the oversea traffic of war stores from Gaul could more profitably (to save road transport) be diverted from the usual Gessoriacum— Dubris route to Portus Magnus, which would necessitate a new road tothe N. This road, unfortunately not included in the Antonine Itinerary, proceeds to Venta Belgarum and entering Wilts east of Ludgershall (Chute Causeway), crosses Savernake Forest, and passing the Kennet at Cunetio, runs over the high downs to Ogbourne Station. Here, covered by the modern road, it continues N. to Common Head, at the junction of the Swindon and Liddington—Chiseldon Roads, where a fine piece of the old road still exists. Here taking to the fields its course can be traced by a hollow caused by the removal of its top layers of stone and gravel. Joining Wick Lane, it again runs under the modern road for a short distance, after which it may be seen just over the hedge on the W. side. It then crosses Covenham Farm (the house stands on it) and a few yards further on joins the way from the E. described above. A study of the last-mentioned line proves that it was at first aimed directly at Cirencester, but at Cunetio it takes a more easterly course and again inclines to that direction at a spot in Plough Hill, Chiseldon. There can be little doubt that Wanborough was in existence at the time this road was made, the original line being altered to include it. All the evidence seems to prove that by the middle of the first century two im- portant Roman roads met at Covenham Farm, Lower Wanborough ; and here, immediately below the high downs and at an elevation of just over 300 feet O.D. on the clay soil, formerly stood a large Roman town, occupied, as pottery and coins prove, from the first century to the end of the Roman occupation, and covering a considerable part of the farms of Covenham, Lotmead, and Nythe. Historically this is one of the most interesting spots in Wilts, as, apart fromm the Roman remains, it was an important place in early Saxon times, as witnessed by the destruction of Ceawlin and his is" f alae al — Roman Wanborough. 273 army, and again in 715 it was the scene of another desperate battle. These important happenings still linger in tradition, and the old inhabitants tell many tales of the terrible fighting of old times, while as a corroboration of the importance of their town in bygone days they will add the information that there were ten Churches in the “ old city.” Beyond a few irregularities in the ground, a difference in the vegetation in dry seasons, and the way the snow lies in winter, there is now nothing to be seen, but each turn of the spade in undisturbed ground brings forth a relic of Roman times. The name of the station is unfortunately lost through a copyist’s error in a transcript of the “Itinerarium Antonini Augusti,” where in Iter XIII. a station has been missed out, and the entry given as M.P.H. XV. from _. Durocornovia to Spinae, should have been placed against the unknown name of Wanborough, and not against Spinae, which is 34 miles distant. This is proved by the total mileage of the whole Iter, stated at the head of the column,agreeing with the collective distances between stations, as suggested above. Unfortunately Hoare, following Leman, allocates the name “Nidum”’ to Wanborough, and the mistake is still carried on by the Ordnance Survey in their latest maps. As the station of Nidum is in another Iter, and probably situated in Wales, it is obvious that its attribution to the Wilts site is not to be seriously considered. Regarding the lost name, it may be, that as in so many other cases, the modern names may still hold as a survival some elements of the Roman title. In this connection the name Covingham is suggestive. ‘The only reason for attaching the title of Nidum to the site appears to be the modern name ‘‘ Nythe,” which is certainly - curious. In the seventeenth century Aubrey mentions Wanborough and states that coins, ruins of houses, and black ashes were found, also that in 1689 two thousand coins were discovered in an earthen pot, all of Emperors who lived in the first two centuries. (He obtained these and lost them in a short | time. One morning both the coins and his man were reported absent.) | Tradition places the finding of these coins at “ Customs Gap.” For some _ years I have watched various diggings on this site, and have questioned everyone who has a knowledge of the ground and these observations prove that the area over which relics are found is roughly 1300 x 500 yards, an _ area which indicates a large and important station. It may be as well at this point to dispose of the only objection so far raised to the placing of the missing station at Lower Wanborough. Gordon Hills,! tentatively followed by Codrington,’ lays stress on the finding of a few coins and much rough pottery immediately N.of North Farm, Aldbourne, and afew yards west of the junction of the Baydon, Swindon, andAldbourne 1 Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc., vol. 37, also vol. for 1878. * See Codrington “ Roman Roads,” 3rd edit., p. 280 and 281. (The name Nidum must be rejected, because it occurs in another Iter (12). Referring to Wales and some parts of the S.W. of England, this Iter is evidently in _@ mixed-up state, and one cannot make any sense of it, but Nidum is probably in 8S. Wales, it therefore cannot be the name of Wanborough.) 274 Roman Wanborough. Roads, on the S. Side of Wanborough Plain. The origin of his remarks was certain letters written by our late member, Mr. W. Chandler, who lived on this site, and who had from time to time found Roman coins and pottery with several late fibulee at a spot known as Popplechurch.' Here, scattered over a large area, are numerous fragments of purely native Romano-British pottery of the commonest varieties. After many hours spent at this place {sometimes accompanied by Mr. Chandler) the writer failed to find a single piece of terra sigillata, although the sherds of the above-mentioned pottery are common. From time to time rough foundations, composed of small Sarsen stones and flints, without mortar, are unearthed by the plough, though, as far as can be observed, there is no evidence of their date. The relics from the whole site, which is probably but an offshoot from the great Romano-British village at Upham, are indicative of a native population, the Romanized descendants of the earlier Celtic Britons still living on their native highlands as their ancestors did, in a cold and bleak district unsuitable for their masters, who had their town in the lowlands to the north at an elevation 200ft. lower. It cannot be too strongly insisted on that the finding of inferior relics of Roman age are not sufficient evidence that the Romans themselves or their auxiliaries lived on the spot where the relics are found. The natives were of course eager to obtain coins and pottery of civilised manufacture by barter or trade, which becoming broken would be thrown on the rubbish heaps of their villages. Parallel circumstances have often been noticed by the writer in Afghanistan and the Himalayan Foothills, — where fragments of imperishable articles of European, American, and Japanese manufacture are lying about in districts where but few Europeans have ever been and probably no members of the two latter races. We must conclude that the placing of the site of the station at Popplechurch by Hills was founded on aslender knowledge of the ground and want of local informa- tion, and that he wasmistaken. A fact amounting to proof confirming the former existence of the Roman station at the areanow covered by Covingham, Lotmead, and Nythe Farms, at Lower Wanborough, is that at Wanborough Plain there is no discoloration of the soil, as is invariably seen in ground whereon formerly. stood a Roman town ; whereas in trial holes which I have examined at the three farms at Lower Wanborough there is at the bottom blue undisturbed Kimmeridge Clay, then a line of thin mould, then stone and rubble foundations, and above all a thick layer of rich dark earth, in many places two feet thick, containing pottery, bones, and ashes, the sign of long and continuous human occupation. On the N.E. side of the modern road (Lotmead) the Roman foundations have been dug up for repairing roads and gateways. ‘This process has been going on for 200 years for certain and probably much longer. Unfortunately the record of this digging is lost. Beyond picking up coins nothing else was cared for unless | it had a use or was of some intrinsic value. The ancient walls are built of | coral rag probably obtained from Blunsdon. with a sprinkling of Swindon |} stone from the Roman quarry at Westlecott Road.? Squared stones are 1 Wilts Arch. Mag., vol. xxviii, p. 263. 2 A.D. Passmore, Roman Swindon. Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvili., 41—47. By A. D. Passmore. 275 rare, the greater part having been probed for and carried off to supply the medieval builder. Still, worked and moulded stones a yard across have been found but immediately destroyed. One was the left-hand top corner of an inscription broken in such a way that the only remaining letter could be seen to be either P or R. Wound querns and pieces of milstone grit are often found. A careful examination of the whole site reveals the fact that the area of black earth is in part enclosed by a system of ditches, which, while having nothing in common with the present field boundaries, roughly coincide with the division of the black earth area and that of the brown. Outside the limits of the settlement the soil is everywhere brown and not black. The ditch is best seen on the S. side of Covingham Farm House, where it encloses the angle between the two roads. On the N.E. side there are several hollows running from the brook to the N.W. as far as Wimboran Field. The S.W. boundary is apparently marked by a hollow which stretches in a straight line across Great Furlong Field. ‘The black area is outlined on the map by a dotted line. Only excavation can show what these ditches really are, and but for the above mentioned colour of the earth they would not have been mentioned. However the clay soil of the old bank and ditch which doubtless once existed to protect the town would soon crumble and silt up, leaving but little trace to-day. The two Roman reads meet at a spot marked by several rough banks, the actual junction being at the letter O of the word Roman in O.M. Sheet XVI., N.W., 2nd Edit., 1900, 6 inch reprint 100/14, and between Covingham Farm House and the Stratton—Wanborough Road. The modern Road stands on the Roman one, through Wanborough till reaching Wanborough House near B.M. 315.6. where the former swerves to the east, while the latter continues its straight course through the old station, where its line is plainly seen marked by a hollow through two fields, and joins the modern road again near “Customs Gap.” About seventy years ago the whole of this road was dug up for the stone; hence the hollow. Curiously enough a piece 25 yards long is left in the ‘“‘ Nine Acres.” The small stream which flows east through the area under discussion is ordinarily quite shallow. but on the Lotmead side, where it seems to mark the southern boundary of the Roman town, it suddeuly deepens to nine feet in places, and while in all the rest of its course it is exceedingly tortuous and shallow, here it is deep and straight. The four fields,‘‘ Rookery,” “Upper and Lower Stall Grounds,” at Lotmead, and the “‘Nine Acres” at Covingham, are the inost important part of the station. In this area the soil is exceedingly black and thick with ridges and hollows full of Roman foundations. It seems that the principal part of the town was at this spot, aud that the spread of the settlement to the | N.and§8. and parallel with the so-called Ermine Street, contained the more humble portion, which has left no apparent foundations. A bronze gilt fibula, not illustrated, in the possession of Dr. Maclean, of Swindon, is of the peculiar double or split bowed type which has occurred _at Corstopitum (four examples), and other English sites, and is illustrated from Germany. It is 57 m.m. long and seems to be exactly the same size 276 — Roman Wanborough. as the one illustrated in Corstopitum Report for 1908, the present specimen being slightly more perfect at the head. There is therefore a slight differ- ence in length. The bow is hollow, and has been backed with a soft metal which as faras I am able to determine is pewter. The pin is missing. See Almgren, “ Nordeurop. Fibelformen,” Fig. 189. Also Arch. Ael., VL., 225. There is a very similar fibula from Richborough, in the British Museum, “ Deposited by Lady E. Kent Farquhar.” The following are merely casual finds, picked up in ditches, post holes, and the like: my thanks are due to the various owners for kind permission to describe them. I am also grateful to Messrs. Thomas, Whitworth, Wiseman, and Vincent, for the very kind way in which they have allowed me to explore their several fields; and to Mr. I. Kean, who has for many years been interested in Roman Wanborough, and from whose great local : knowledge I have gained much information which otherwise would have been lost. PoTTERY. Some hundreds of pieces have been studied from this site, ranging from fine Samian ware to the roughest native products, and including much date- able material, showing that the station was inhabited from the Ist century onwards to the end of the Roman occupation. ‘The greater part is of foreign manufacture, and beyond a few rough pots of early forms the native wares seem not to have been greatly in use till the 3rd century. Potters’ stamps are rare, and occur unfortunately in only five cases. The forms of Samian determinable are 15/17, 18/31, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 45, and 81. That this ware was much valued is indicated in several cases by the use of lead rivets to repair broken bowls. SAMIAN WaRE (Terra Sigillata). 1. Bowl (half) form 37, central medallion containing a hippocampus (Dechelette, 34)' tor. Figure of Venus, Dech; 179. A., who thus describes it:—“ Venus half nude, standing. In the left (? right) hand she holds her ‘ peplum, in the other hand an oval mirror in which she contemplates her face.” ‘To 1. caryatid figure (Dech. 1098) enclosed by beaded lines ending in rings. Beyond these, demi-medallions containing a stag, below small medallions containing a male head. Lezoux early second century. 2. Half of bowl, F. 37. With vine leaf (Dech. 1168) and medallions containing a bird with wings expanded vertically (Dech. 1010). The parts divided by a long winding scroll, ligatured (? retrograde) name of | ‘“PATERNUS” on side below medallion. Lezoux 2nd century (early). | Bowl Form 81 (Walters) 7 inches in diameter, base missing, late 2nd cent. | Footstand of Form 33, stamped ATILIAN. O, Lezoux of the 2nd cent. Base of bow] stamped SIIXTI. ‘There are three potters named Sextus, | the ware seems to be late and of common texture, and should be attributed | to Rheinzabern. ; Fragment of bowl F. 37. Demi medallion containing pigmy warrior | 1 Dechelette ‘‘ Les Vases Céramiques ornés de la Gaule Romaine.” By A. D. Passmore. 277 {Dech. 487 A). Thick cable border, divided from remaining ornamentation by wavy lines. | Base of bowl, F. 37, stamped DONV. probably DONNAVCVS, a.p. 80 to 120. Base of bowl, Form 31. Stamp CIN (broken) may be CINTUSSA. Fragments of rim of bowl, F. 29, of fine hard glossy surface. Southern ‘Gaulish of the 1st cent. CoARSE WARES. Half of bowl of Decadent Samian, like Form 81, but with no groove towards base, 74 inches diam., 4 inches high, at greatest diameter row of indentations (small) alternately divided by two vertical lines of impressed squares, (greatest number 12) 4th cent. (Ladder pattern.) Large neck of flagon with two overhanging beads at neck, of light brown paste, 34inches in diameter. Form of the 1st cent. Illustrated in Hengist- bury Head Report.! Fragment of beaker, fine hard grey fumed ware, upper part decorated with small studs of clay arranged in lozenge-shaped groups. Of early date. As last, but ornamented with oblong patches of impressed small square dots, horizontally in rows of twenty. Cream body with red painted ornamentation of New Forest type, and of late period. Represented by several fragments. Neck of a very large amphora, interior diam. 3 inches, pinkish red, two handles. Imported. Fragment of large and very thick tile, stamp XII. Also part of mutilated inscription (7). Face of square hypocaust tile, border of five scored lines all round, the same carried once across the field. Inside X, raised. 54 inches square. Many fragments of late imitation of Samian, one piece bears a raised band with (?) quarter rosettes similar to Fig, I, Plate IT., “ Pottery from the Mildenhall Well” (Walts Arch. Mag., xli., 156). Others have dots and larger pieces of white slip, probably New Forest ware. Many large pieces of flat-rimmed almost square-sided flat pans or cooking pots of 1st century types. Rim of mortarium, F. 45, imitation of Samian, 52 mm. wide. ITRon OBJECTS. A-hipposandal of large size 73 X 53 inches. These curious objects have given rise to great discussion and on the evidence of some found on or near the feet of a skeleton? of a horse recent opinion agrees that the name ex- presses their true use. Reluctant as one is to fly in the face of authority it may be said that the conclusion is open to very grave doubt. No horse could possibly move with such footwear without inflicting severe wounds on himself. They might have been used to logger a horse to prevent 1“ Hecavations at Hengistbury Head,” Bushe-Fox, Pl. XXV. 1. * From Granges, Canton de Vaud, Switzerland. See “Seine Inferieure.” Abbe Cochet, p. 338. 278 Roman Wanborough. straying, but were certainly not used in the ordinary way as shoes. A well- known veterinary surgeon has examined this specimen and agrees with the above objection, adding that as regards the front foot, “‘if this object was. worn as a shoe no horse could move faster than a walk, and even then there- would be grave risk of injury.” Three iron cleats.! EX, Colle Iron Hipposandal and Cleats. -Wanborough. CoINns. Many coins have been sent to me from time to time for determination, Of these a careful record has been kept. I have also, by the kindness of the owners had access to several collections, the contents of which are stated with the others below. Generally speaking the coins are in very bad condition, and are in nearly all cases of bronze. Owing 'to some peculiarity of the soil they turn a whitish green colour, and the surface goes to powder. They range from the Ist cent. B.C. to 395 A.D., and with the exception of a gap of about fifty years at the beginning of the 3rd century practically cover the whole 1 Cat. of Ant. in Museum at Devizes, II., Pl. 63—Nos. 5 and 7. . FO\\ STRAT TOW As] Fox . ws «e | | | } Lo fo) i : | (a; < x? w é | v > oO /oo 200 300 400 Sco Th P 4 m YARDS 246 >) D EXTENT OF THE ROMAN SETTLEMENT AT LOWER WANBOROUGH. ased on the Ordnance Survey Map, with the sanction of the Controller of H.M. Stationery Office. Bemrose & Sons, Ltd., Printers. |! = fee ot [f “ gf 4 eld (| 1 \y/ oe . N Y ee nee RoMAN OpsECTS FROM WANBOROUGH. a= By A. D. Passmore. 279° of the Roman period. As the site of the town at Wanborough is all grass land, coins are not obtained in such quantities as in the case of Roman stations under the plough. ‘The following families and emperors are represented :— Censorinus Faustina . Licinius Satrienus L. Verus Constantine Octavius Commodus Crispus Valerianus Helena Claudius Gallienus Constans Nero Claudius Decentius Galba Postumus Valens Domitian Victorinus Valentinianus Trajan Maximianus Gratianus Hadrian Carausius Theodosius I. Antoninus Allectus The most remarkable are the two consular coins dating from 87 and 77 B.C. They must have been over one hundred years old at the Claudian Conquest, and would hardly be in circulation at that time and as there is no sign of anything pre-Claudian on the ground it must be concluded that they were. brought by the Romans themselves. An Antonine second brass bears the | well-known device and legend of Britannia. _ Nero. Ae. 1, Decursio type. Ae. 2, the Macellum. _ Another, on the obverse, head of the emperor to left in the neck of which | is a square punch mark bearing the letters P.C. A unique type. THe Map. The area of black earth is bounded by the dotted line. Well with paved way leading to it from Roman road.! Hollow filled up, probably a well. ~ Small circular enclosure surrounded by a bank. Large hollow. Large foundation, known as “ I'he Prison” by men employed on the Ditch connecting the two Roman roads, earth very black inside this. Line of Roman road through fields. | Skeletons found in hedgerow, no relics with them. | 9. “Customs Gap.” | a pa) POTS 5 ea Prats L—Roman Ossects FRoM WANBOROUGH, ALL FULL SIZE. 1. Bronze shield-shaped pendant (?for harness). The front surface is rough and has never been enamelled or ornamented, the back has a pro- | Jecting block. | 2. Stem of a bronze ligula or spatula, the bowl or blade broken off. The | Specimen is bent but is shown in the drawing as straight. | 3. Bronzed hinged fibula inscribed AVCISSA, of early 1st century. i 4. Bronze mount for strap ? or furniture, pierced with two holes. | 5. Pin and spring of bronze fibula of La Tene III. type. b| 1 Hoare, “* Ancient Wilts,” Vol. II. 280 Roman Wanborough, 6. Bow and spring of similar fibula. 7. Bow of bronze fibula(?) with feather ornament and two dotted circles. 8. Bow of bronze hinge pin fibula, with parallel ridges on bow and round knob at foot. 9. Small bronze nail cleaner. 10. Thin bronze plate doubled over and ending ina hook, part of sheath for covering the cutting edge of an axe (?). This would prevent the edge cutting the clothes of the soldier carrying the axe (used as entrenching tools). See Wroxeter Hxcavations Report, 1914, Plate XX. Curle, New- stead, 279. 11. Shuttle-shaped bead, flat or slightly concave on one side, convex on the other, bored transversely with two holes, beautifully made. Apparently for a bracelet or necklace. Similar to the Bronze Age necklaces of amber plates. The material is doubtful—?a very close-grained shale or lignite. 12. Bone dice, with flat faces, narrow sides, and dotted circles, 5 and 6 on the faces, 3 and 4 on the sides. Very well made and perfect, but it is difficult to see how it could have been used as a dice. 13. Small bone pendant? Or broken end of spatula ? BIBLIOGRAPHY. Aubrey & Jackson, Wilts Collections, p. 194. Hoare, Anceent Wilts, Vol. IJ. Map of roads and plan of station. — W. Morris,:Wanborough. Reprint of newspaper articles from Swindon | Advertiser. A few words about the site. Some readings of coins, mostly | inaccurate. Binney. Proc. Soc. Antig. xxvi., p. 209. Notice of examination of | postholes on Nythe Farm. | Wilts Arch. Mag., x1., 96 ; xxv., 192; xxx., 96. Leger OCOCTALO0RDOO (ea ea Ut boundaries axon indaries, where th se set ; re EXKKAK lich iffer from-modern ones y Boundaries of ancient e. n= o-0- —O Nisteseoe iw io 0=0: (asin es (ft or woods) —=—— _ === Roman Roads dge Fi ren pytte N RUDGE Rae Other ancient roads qaaxel Meg S Ne > MANOR axon Names Garten 7S | eau) Modern Names (at) ~——0 — Contours ORSCA BURN FRO Ludens Lye” bes Ne xe vs GENICUS b LY BHALL waeLlLes mepao* ~ BAGDE ureeN S FARM Thornhill Fond \ x, § Ghisbury Lane x a t edge *, a y = Bagshot # itham Pond, 5 fey Ves oF AL, 2 a of Du r/ - ) ee 1 Me urtey, CY 5 te 2 yplith Lea ‘ r] : 1, oe Common goth Fai f “3 =a \ a SHAL- arm BOURNE - saDeatield LS (Manor Farm) Ww ESTCOU ‘aes EASTCOURT 0.G.5.C. 1920 : 28 Segoe : | Scale, 1:52,00 2 4 'e %% 1 Ferg Walec oe 281 THE ANGLO-SAXON BOUNDS OF BEDWYN AND BURBAGE. By O. G. 8. CRAWFORD. The bounds described below refer to the modern parishes of Great and Little Bedwyn, Grafton, Tidcombe, Burbage,and North and SouthSavernake, and the manor of Wexcombe. In A.D. 968 the greater part of this area (with the exception of Little Bedwyn) was a single unit, made up of the .following manors and hamlets :— (1.) The Manor of Great Bedwyn, an important valley settlement, the metropolis of Cissa." Cyssa was the uncle of Hean, the pated founder of Abingdon Abbey in A.D. 675. The story of Cissa and of his making Chisbury Camp is probably a pure invention. The camp is almost certainly prehistoric, probably an ‘“‘oppidum” of the La Téne period. | (2.) A group of manors situated round the head waters of the Bedwyn stream and its tributaries, consisting of Wilton, East Grafton, West Grafton or Wickham, (7) Marten and Crofton, with the outlying manors of Tidcombe and encom Marten grew up at the crossing place of two important roads, that from Hungerford to Salisbury, and the Roman Road from Marlborough to Winchester. A branch of the Pewsey herepath came from East Grafton to Marten, doubtless leading into the Winchester Road. Marten was sufficiently important to be defended by a moat, and there is a mound here which may be a castle mound. Wexcombe lay on the Hungerford—Salisbury Road. Tidcombe lay at the meeting-place of several roads, where a branch left the Roman Road for the settlements of the upper Test Valley. ( The point where the Pewsey herepath branched was at Kinwardstone Farm, the main route turning slightly north and making for Shalbourne, Inkpen, the Woodhays, and the Clere district in Hampshire. Wilton lay on this route where it crosses the Roman Road. The Manor of West Grafton probably lay a little south of the village. Here are some houses without any name onthe map. From the field-names close by, Wick’s Mead (1792) — and Wickham (about 1810), and from the presence there of earthworks and ditches of an indeterminate character, it is safe to infer that the manor lay here, just on the watershed, at the source of one of the tributaries of the Collingbourne. 1“ Regnante Kinuino, rege West-Saxonum, erat quidam nobilis vir Cyssa nomine, et hic erat regulus, in cujus dominio erat Wiltesire, et pars maxima de Berksire. Et quia habebat in dominio suo episcopalem sedem in Malmesbiria, regulus appellabatur. Metropolis vero urbs regni ipsius erat Bedeuuinde. In australi etiam parte urbis construxit castellum quod ex nomine suo Cyssebui vocabatur.” (Abingdon Chron., 11., 1858, p. 268.) VOL. XLI,—NO. CXXXIV. U 282 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. (3.) Burbage consisted of three manors, East Court, West Court, and the Manor Farm. They are called the manors of ‘“ Burbage Darrells, Burbage Esturmye, and Burbage Savage” in an Inq. p.m. of 1626 (Wilts Ing. p.m. p. 24), but I do not know how to allocate the respective names. These manors grew up on the watershed (called burg beces in the bounds) where it is traversed from west to east by a branch of the Pewsey herepath leading to Bedwyn. The herepath still survives in Glide’s Lane and Harry’s Lane. Burbage thus grew up at the meeting place of roads of importance. Now it consists of a long string of cottages lying in a north and south line along the Marlborough—Salisbury Road. These cottages are all fairly ancient. (4,) The squatters’ hamlets.of Leigh Hill, Durley, and Ram Alley. I do not propose to discuss the relation of all these manors to the later creation of Savernake Forest. I hope, however, to do so in a separate work. The forest appears to have been formed out of the waste of the surrounding manors. Little Bedwyn consisted of the village of Little Bedwyn and some outlying farms. The date when these were made is not clear, and some of them may have been made after the Conquest. The principal ones are Stock (which alone is certainly pre-Conquest), Chisbury, Horsehall, Puthall, Timbridge, Knewle,and Harrow Farms. The latter is called ‘‘ Cross Ford” on Andrews’ and Dury’s Map of Wilts (1773). They all (except Puthall) lie west and north-west of Little Bedwyn, between the Froxfield stream and the Bedwyn Stream, ; i The bounds of Burbage are incomplete, and describe only the west side, where it marches with those of Great Bedwyn. Great Bedwyn thus seems then to have included Burbage. The bounds are all published in the “ Cartularium Saxonicum” (W. de Gray Birch, 3 vols., 1885—1893) but the versions given below are copied directly from the manuscripts themselves at the British Museum. I wish-to acknowledge my indebtednes to Mr. W. H. Stevenson, of St. John’s College, Oxford, for most kindly translating the bounds for me, and for pointing out several errors. I have added several of Mr. Stevenson’s comments verbatim, with indications in each instance of their authorship. Of course Mr. Stevenson must not be held responsible for any passages in my notes, where such indications are not given. Great Bedwyn and adjoining parishes, A.D. 968. Copied from Cotton MS. Claudius C.ix., fol. 195 [Cart. Sam. iii, 1213]. The alternative readings are from Claudius, B. vi., fol. 77 b. Inthe Rolls edition of the Abingdon Chronicle, where these MSS. are both transcribed (Rolls Series, vol. i., 1858, p. 315), the, editor states that they are of the 13th century, C. ix. being the earlier by about half a century. B. vi. is a second edition of C. ix.. and both were derived from a common source. (Preface, vol. 1., § 15.) 4frest fram Bedwindan to haran grafan. northeweardan up xt there dices gete et harandene. forth thonne be wyrtwalan ther se haga ut By 0. GS. Crawford. 283 cymth. be tham wyrtwalan to pedes patha.! thonne? with helmes treowes. thonne on embrihtes? get. thonne with stet gztes. thonne on huntan‘ dene neothewerde. thonne with hoces byrgels. thonnon on hwitan hlinces. thonon on zebban® crundel. thonon on tha swelgende. thonan on penderes clif forweard and on® welweg. thonne with there eorthbyrig. (thonne with ge mere weges.)’ thonne with burhbeces. thonne with igfelda. thonne with bydan hammes. thonne with rodleage meres. thonne to selgete. thonne to brecdene geate. thonne to weelles meere. thonne to gemotleage easteweardre. thonne ut to bradan leage. ther cuthhardes peath ut ligth. thonne on bagcegan geat, thonne on heethfeld geat. thonne on thone hleddredan* beam. thonne on hrames dene® geat.. thonne on horshel geat ut on beocces heal. thanon to Bedewindan. Translation (by Mr. W. H. Stevenson). From (the) Bedewinde to (the) northward of the hoar-grove, up to the opening (or gap) in the ditch at (the) hoar valley (or the hare’s valley) ; thence forwards by the tree-roots where the haw shoots forward; by the tree-roots to Pzed’s path; thence towards Helm’s tree ; thence to Embrihtes (=Eanbrihtes) gap (or gate); thence towards St[r]Jet Gate (or gap) to the lower end of Huntsman’s valley ; thence toward Hoc’s burial (or barrow) ; thence to (the) white linches; thence to Abba’s “‘crundell” ; thence to the “swelgend” (gulf, abyss, chasm ?); thence to the front of Pendere’s cliff ; to the Weala-weg; thence towards the earthbury ; thence towards Byrbeec ; thence towards Ig-feld ; thence towards Byda’s “hamms”; thence towards Rodleah mere; thence to (the) willow-gap (reading seal-geat) ; thence to the gap of Breecdenu ; thence to “Welles mere”; thence to the eastward of Gemot-leah; thence out to Broad-ley (or Broad-wood), where Cuthhard’s path comes out ; thence to Bacga’s gap; thence to Heathfield gap ; thence the “hlead-reada” or “hleddredan” tree (“laddered tree” ?); thence on Hrammes-denu gap; thence to the gap of Hors-healh; out to Beocces- healh; thence to (the) Bedwinde. (1,) Aerest fram Bedwindan to haran grafan. northeweardan up xt there dices gxte xt harandene. Beginning at the Bedwyn ‘stream about 660 yards N.K. of Great Bedwyn Church, the Anglo Saxon bounds coincide with the modern ones for half-a-mile. They go along an old lane called Galley Lane which separates Harding field on’the 8. W. from Parlour field!? on the N.E. This lane comes into the Shalbourne road at an old cottage called Jockey Farm in 1792 (Little Bedwyn Award Map) and “‘ The Horse and Jockey ” in 1773 (Andrew’s and Dury’s Map). The open space where the roads meet was called “The Green” in 1792. Here, I think, the modern bounds diverge from the Anglo Saxon ones, taking a zig-zag course 1 Peedes pathe. 2 thonone. 3 eembrihtes. 4hundan. - > abban. 6 foreuueardan on. 7 Omettit. 8 hleadreadan. 9 harmmesdene. Tn 1337 William le Parlere held one virgate of land in Estbedwynde Thus the boundary went to the south of Parlour field then. It is mentioned in an Inq. p. m. of 1663 as “ Parler field.” U 2 284 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. up the hill.. The Anglo-Saxon bounds probably continued along the Shal- bourne road at the bottom of the valley for 500 yards when they cross. Wansdyke where it emerges southwestwards from Round Copse. This is the “dices gete xt haradene.” Warandene was the name of the whole of that valley which starts at Harding Farm and runs northward to the village of Bedwyn. In the Middle Ages Harding Farm, or its predecessor, was the home of the family of “‘ de Hardene,” keepers of the Westrigge Bailiwick of Savernake Forest, now the -Brails of Wilton and Bedwyn. The name probably means “‘hoar or white valley,” and it is particularly applicable to this valley in the sides of which the chalk is exposed, the high ground on both sides being covered with tertiary deposits. (2.) Forth thonne be wyrtwalan ther se haga utcymth. be tham wyrt- walan to pxdes patha. .This exactly describes the course now followed by the Bedwyn-Oxenwood road as far as Piccadilly, where it crosses the old Hungerford-Salisbury road. ‘“ Wyrtwalan” bears well here the orthodox interpretation of the foot of high ground, Close alongside of this road runs an old enclosure bank which in 1792 formed the eastern limit of the en- closed lands of Wilton tithing. This old boundary is the ‘“ haga” of the Anglo Saxon bounds. P2xdes patha may be the old Salisbury road, which is called here ‘‘The Harrow Way” in the Shalbourne Award Map (of 1801 2). (3.) Thonne with helmes treowes. This tree would appear to have stood on the site now occupied by Botley Copse. (4.) Thonne on embrihtes get. This must be where the Tidcombe— Oxenwood road crosses the Roman road from Marten to Scot’s Poor. From Botley Copse an old broad down track, enclosed between high, thick, ancient. hedges sweeps in a great curve downwards towards this point, which is exactly the point of the divide between the Test and the Wilton stream, a tributary of the Kennet. A narrow col is formed here between the two. basins, and it is an obvious crossing place of ancient roads. (5.) Thonne with stret getes. I have here amended the meaningless “ stat gaetes” of the original Charters since there can be no doubt that it is incorrect. “ Street. gaet” is undoubtedly “‘ Scot’s Poor.” Close by in the acute angle of Collingbourne Kingston parish is a field of 13 acres called on a map of 1825 “Street Gate.”! In a Perambulation of Savernake Forest of 1259: “Jq Strete” and ‘‘ Stretegate” are mentioned, and must be identified with the same point.2 On the old edition of the Ordnance one inch map Scot’s Poor is called Totterdown, but it was called Scot’s Poor in Colt Hoare’s. 1 At the Savernake Estate Office. (Large roller map of Collingbourne Brunton, Gammon’s Farm, and Blagdon, 1825). 2 History of Marlborough, by James Waylen, 1854, p. 65. Waylen gives a garbled translation of the perambulations, but omits to state their date or the source from which he obtained them. I have, however, identified and obtained copies of the originals in the Public Record Office [lxchequer, K.R. Forest Proc. Bundle II. No. 25]. By 0. G4. S. Crawford. 285 time. (The Inn which existed there then was done away with in the summer of 1914, and I was, I think, the last guest to partake of its hospitality. The house is still in existence). (6.) Thonne on huntan dene neothewerde. On leaving Scot’s Poor the modern boundary between Tidcombe and Wexcombe in the, north, and Collingbourne Kingston in the south, proceeds due west and shortly descends by a side valley into a deep valley running north and south. One of these, probably the side valley, must be ‘“‘huntan dene.” (7.) Thonne with hoces byrgels. These are probably the two disc barrows here whose outer banks intersect. A third, a bell barrow, stands on the hill close by on the E.N.E. Up to this point there can be no doubt about the general course followed by the bounds. From here onwards for about 34 miles, to Crowdown Clump, the course described below is highly probable, but lacks any absolutely certain identifications. (8.) Thonnon on hwitan hlinces. This corresponds with the “ sceorran hline” of the Collingbourne bounds, and is the first point of contact be- tween the two charters, if it isa point of contact. But since the Anglo- Saxon bounds of Collingbourne Kingston elsewhere are clearly different from those of the modern parish it is not possible to say precisely where the “‘hwitan hlinces” should be. They cannot, however, be far from Fair Mile Clumps. The hill on which Grafton Clump stands is called “ Wit- man’s Hill” on a map of 1825. | (9.) Thonne on wbban crundel. This is clearly the same as the “ zebyng crundele” of the Collingbourne bounds. ‘“Crundel,” according to one authority, means a round pit,! and should therefore be easy to identify by field observation. But the only pit I can discover on the boundary line is a small chalk pit 250 yards west of Grafton Clump. It lies on the east side of an old track coming from Kast Grafton and about 150 yards north of the parish boundary. The only objection to identifying this pit with “ «xbban crundel” is that it is small and does not look ancient. ‘The sides, too, are still bare, though half cloaked in a deposit of debris. It may, however, be ancient, and might perhaps be an old pit reopened in modern times. On the whole I am inclined to identify it with “ ebban crundel” since it is the only pit on or near the bounds here, and since it lies exactly where one would expect the crundel to occur, z.e., about midway between the two adjacent points. (10.) Thonon on tha swelgende. This is clearly a point in the Colling- bourne valley where a bubbling spring rose. The exact point lies, I think, about a quarter of a mile south of the meeting-place of the modern parishes - of Collingbourne Kingston, Grafton, and Burbage. Here is the junction of. the two main head-streams of the Collingbourne, one of which rises at Marr Green, Burbage, and the other at Wick, or Wickham, an old site immediately south of West Grafton. Now artificial channels have been dug for these ' Mr. W. H. Stevenson queries this translation, and adds: ‘“ It isa small valley with a stream running through it, in Hants dialect.” 286 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. rivulets, and their normal rising point is doubtless lower than it was in Saxon times. Both channels were quite dry when I visited them on December 20th, 1919, but the stream is, of course, like all chalk streams, an intermittent one, and would not normally rise so high as this in December. In Saxon times we may suppose that above this point the land was, in the wet season, more or less of a water-logged marsh (it is very flat and there is nothing approaching a valley), and that the ‘‘ swelgende” marked the first point where the Collingbourne began to have a clearly defined channel. The word “ swelgende” means a swelling or bubbling up of water from a spring. From here another hedge line runs straight in a southwesterly direction, and crosses the Burbage-Collingbourne road 750 yards 8.E. of Southgrove Farm, and immediately S.E. of New Barn. I suspect that the parish boundary, and consequently the Anglo-Saxon bounds, followed this hedge line, which is clearly an ancient one and a continuation of that which marks the boundary up to this point. (11.) Thonan on penderes clif forweard. and on wel weg. Penderes clif! must refer to the escarpment at the foot of which stands New Barn. It is not quite clear whether the Anglo-Saxon word “ clif” denotes a natural or an aftificial escarpment. I think it probably denotes a natural escarpment, the word ‘“‘Alinc” being reserved for artificial ones. In the form “ cleeve,”’ from the plural cleofu or clif, it was current until quite recent times in Wessex, and still enters into the composition of place and fieldnames, e.g., Clyffe Pypard still sometimes called White Cleeve, Rowden’s Cleeve, Cleveancy, &c. “ Wel weg,” the way of the natives,? 2.e., of the indigenous Romanized British, must be the track along the ridge followed for 350 yards by the parish boundary, which again coincides with the Saxon bounds. Both “Penderes clif” and “swelgende” are mentioned in the Collingbourne bounds, but between them is inserted an apparently redundant point “ blerianhylle.” It must describe the hill on whose slopes the “ clzf” was, and along the northern end of which ran the “ wel weg.” There is no hill but the one described above which could suit the context. It occurs twice 1 Since writing the above I have found a clue to “ Penderes clif” ona. map of Burbage of about 1810 at the Savernake Estate Office, Durley. Two fields west of Southgrove Farm are called there Pencely, and the field in which the farm now stands (it was not then in existence) is also called Pencely. This is clearly a corruption of “ penderes lea.” When one finds several enclosed fields with the same name—especially if that name ends in “ley ’—one may be sure that the name is older than the separate fields, and was the original name of the whole area in which they lie. In this case the name was originally applied to the tract of open down lying between the escarpment of “ penderes clif ” on the south and west and the old and new Salisbury roads on the N.W. and N.E. * I originally translated ‘“ wealh” by ‘‘ foreigner ” on which Mr. Stevenson commented :—“ Unlikely ;, Wealh means a serf as well as a Welshman, not foreigner in general ( Weale weg, in Burbage, is better=gen. plural Weala).” By O. G. S, Crawford. ee 287 in the Collingbourne bounds and was evidently the name given to the whole spur, whose southern point is now called Inham Down. “ Wel weg” is the starting point of the Burbage bounds which are described below. It is there spelt ‘‘ weall weg” which means ‘ wall way.” (12.) Thonne with there eorthbyrig. ‘This point is interesting and im- portant because it can be exactly identified with a hitherto undiscovered earthwork at Crowdon Clump, This clump (which is marked on a map of Burbage of about 1810)! is surrounded by a small ditch and bank which partly coincide with those of an oval prehistoric camp. The general appearance is of an unsuccessful attempt to place one ellipse upon another, after the Euclidean fashion. The outline is irregular but roughly elliptical, the average diameter in any direction being about 100 yards. On the line of the parish bounds as they approach from the east can just be discerned the remnant of a filled-up ditch, whether the ancient bound-mark or the hollow track of ‘‘ weall weg,” or both combined, it is impossible to say. The down here has at some time been under the plough, though apparently not ‘for along period. ‘“ Horth-burg” is mentioned in the Burbage bounds, but not in those of Collingbourne. (13.) Thonne with burhbeces. At the Crowdown Clump earthwork the bounds, ancient and modern, turn at right angles and proceed due south in a straight line for several miles. The intervals for this sector in the Bedwyn Charter are much wider than in the Burbage Charter. In the latter occurs the stage “ thaet forth and lang burg beces” but it is separated from the “ eorthburg” by ‘‘ mearc weg” and “ wifelesham.” This, however, need not surprise us, as the course is perfectly straightforward and many landmarks were unnecessary. Possibly the more detailed description of seven years before was assumed. “ Burhbece” is, I submit, the name for the ‘back ” ? or dome of land on which the village of Burbage grew up. The highest point of this dome is Bowden Farm, some 530 feet above sea level. It is a gently undulating plain which forms the watershed between the Kennet, the Avon, and the Collingbourne. (14.) Thonne with igfella. This refers to the country lying round Ram Alley. Inthe Burbage Charter, after “ burg beces “ come ‘‘ wad leage”’ and “mearc wege” and then :—“ thet west to igfled wege on tha ac on fileth cumbe.” (Ig fled is clearly a misprint for “zg feld”). “Ig feld” is followed immediately in both charters by ‘‘bydanham,” which we.shall see must be the settlernent at Leigh Hill. ‘* Zg feld,” therefore must lie between “ burh bece’”’—say Bowden Farm—and Leigh Hill; and thus, quite independently of any conjectural identifications with later place names, we arrive at the conclusion that ‘‘ig feld” was the name of the waste land on which the hamlet of Ram Alley now stands. _ 1 The map is in the Savernake Estate Office at Durley. It is undated but from internal evidence it is certain that it was drawn between 1810 and 1813. _ ? Mr. Stevenson queries this translation. It is, however, quite certain that “bec” here cannot mean a stream (or a beech-tree, as suggested by | Einar Ekblom) [Place-names of Wilts, p. 43]. i i] 288 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. But there is other evidence. A certain part of Savernake Forest was known in the Middle Ages as Iwode. (Ing. p.m. Wilts, Hdw. III., pp. 232, 256, 302, 362). From this and from a perambulation of Savernake Forest in 1300 A.D. (W.A.J1/., iv., 1858, pp. 201—4) it is clear that Iwode! is Ig- -wode; the region, which was open park-land (feld in 968 A.D.) was, partly at any rate, enclosed wood in the 14th century. ‘‘ J/g” means island, but the Saxon word was used in a less narrow sense than our word, to describe also semi-insular regions. Sometimes it had an almost metaphorical meaning. I believe that here it referred originally to that long hog-back lying in the fork between the two railway lines, between Leigh Hill Copse on the east and Apshill Copse on the west. This hog-back is bounded on the north and south by two parallel valleys. That on the south contains the Kennet and Avon Canal, but before it was made there existed a small stream. That on the north contains two “ subsequent” streams, which run in opposite directions from a ‘“‘col” at Crook’s Copse. They have now no regular channel, but flow in wet weather, though the fields are under cultivation. Such a hog-back is practically insular and might well be ~ called ‘‘zg” by the Saxons, who had a very keen eye for topographical features. This hog-back being called “zg fed,” the smoother slopes to the south would naturally be called “7g /ea” ; and this I believe is the origin of the “alley” in Ram Alley. ‘‘Jg lea” should strictly become “ Iley ” or “‘ Illey,” and it is not far from “ Illey” to “ Alley.” That the‘ Alley ” in Ram Alley is generic is shown by the fact that the two large fields tages to the south are called Road Alley Close.? Ram Alley Copse to-day is one of the very few woods which contain natural vegetation. It has never been under plough, and the trees which grow thinly in it are the descendants of the original vegetation which clothed this region. There is a thick undergrowth of bracken, a sure sign of undisturbed natural conditions. Some deep pack trails run down its eastern border ; but the subject of the many old roads which converge here will be treated when we come to Burbage, under “7g fled wege.” (15.) Thonne with bydan hammes. The name survives in Bitham Pond and Bitham Bottom. The Pond is a shade over half-a-mile N.W. of the Column, on the south side of Column Ride. Bitham Bottom is the valley immediately to the south of the Pond. Here are situated Romano-British remains, probably kilns. There must have been an extensive settlement 1 The medizval word “ wood,” however, does not mean “wood” in quite | the modern sense. Here it probably means only timbered land which was | cut off from the rest by being enclosed within a hedge or bank and ditch, or both; and in which the tenant-in-chief had certain rights of house-bote, ~ pannage, etc. 7 In his Notes on Asser’s Life of Alfred (Oxford, 1904, p. 273) Mr. W. H. | Stevenson states that a place called Hilly is mentioned in the Hundred | Rolls of A.D. 1275. (Rot. Hund., 11., p. 260 b.) The place so called is in the Hundred of Kinwardstone, and is therefore certainly to be identified | with “zg Jea”” and (Ram) Alley. } By 0, G. S. Crawford. 289 here in Roman times. The “hammes” referred to here, however, are probably the two ancient groups of cottages at Leigh Hill, perhaps the successors of the Romano-British potters’ crofts. The name Bitham does not occur on the Ordnance Survey maps, but is still current locally, and,is marked on the 1786 map of Savernake Forest at Savernake Estate Office. (16.) Thonne with rodleage mxres. ‘“ Rod lea mere” is Bitham Pond. The middle portion has survived in Leigh Hill,! (formerly spelt Lye Hill,) but the name has been attracted southwards by the settlements at Leigh Hill. There is always the tendency in place-names which originally had a wide connotation, to become narrowed down to the description of that portion which is near a settlement. (17.) Thonne to sxl gete. The only possible clue I can find to this name is in “ Shoul Bottom ” (1786), the valley running due south from the Column towards Woolslade, bounded on the east by Dark Avenue and Nettleball Hill. The spelling “szd” may be an error for “seal,” or, less probably, as suggested by Birch, ‘‘ heal.” (18.) Thonne to brecdene geate. The bounds still continue northwards and there must be some connection between this name and Braydon, spelt in medieval documents Bradene. But it is difficult to see exactly where the “geate” could be. Through stages 15—18 the modern place names seem all to have shifted slightly, generally in a southerly direction. As mentioned above, some shifting is normal, especially in a forest region. (19.) Thonne to welles mere. This is Thornhill Pond. The name survives in Whalemore, which is not to be found in any map, but which is current locally to describe the plateau south of Thornhill Pond. Here again the “‘e” and the “a” have been transposed, and it should read “weales mere” —the natives’ pond, doubtless originally the pond of the Romano-British squatters. In Fairbough Bottom, 250 yards N.E. of this pond, at the point where the bottom is crossed by the Roman Road from Cunetio through Braydon Brook southwards, I found (on Decembey 17th, 1919) a quantity of Romano-British pottery. This was evidently the site of a settlement, not of kilns, for there was none of the characteristic black earth, and the soil here is unsuitable for pot-making. Thornhill Pond, therefore, may reasonably claim an antiquity of nearly 2000 years, perhaps more. Close to it is a mound of burnt material, discovered by the Rev. Joyce Watson, Vicar of ‘South Savernake. ‘There are no potsherds, but a lot of burnt sarsen fragments. Its origin and nature are obscure. This pond is also mentioned in the Perambulations of Savernake of A.D. 1300. (W.A.JZ, iv., 1858, pp. 201—204). ‘ From thence between the wood of the lord the King and the wood of William de Lyllebon unto Wallesmere and from, thence directly descending unto Braidens hok.” (20.) Thonne to gemotleage easteweardre. Here, as one would expect, the bounds turn eastwards at last, after a straight northerly run of over 43 ‘miles. ‘‘Gemotlea” has left no trace that I can discover in the modern 1 The “morlegh” of medizeval documents (? mere-legh), 290 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. names hereabouts, unless Luton Lye (Luden’s Lye, 1786) be an echo of. the “lea” portion. On the 1789 map Luden’s Lye is marked on the plateau in the centre of which the Hight Walks meet. Here in Elizabeth’s reign stood a gibbet, surmounted by a pair of ram’s horns in commemoration of the execution there of a notorious sheep-stealer named Brathwaite, a native of Cumberland. (W. Maurice Adams, Sylvan Savernake, p. 54). This would naturally stand at or near a traditional place of assembly, such as “gemotlea” must have been. It was probably the meeting place of the hundred, and the idea of making this the converging point of the Eight Walks may have been suggested by a number of rides meeting there already. (21.) Thonne ut to bradan leage ther cuth-hardes peath ut ligth. Here we meet again the bounds of Little Bedwyn. Unless the bounds of the latter have changed considerably, which is improbable, “‘ bradan lea” must. be the plateau on which Amity Oak stands (Emety Oak, 1786). “ Cuth- hardes path” must have been some track leading to a neighbouring farm, but the name has died out and there are many old tracks near, any one of which might be the one in question. If it still survives, it is probable that only the first part would be used, in conformity with the usual colloquial abbreviation of Anglo-Saxon personal names. (22.) Thonne on bagcgan geat. This name precedes “ bradan lea” in the Little Bedwyn bounds. It has survived in Bagden Lodge, the old name of Savernake Lodge as it appears on the map of 1786. The Lodge stands in the bottom of the valley whose upper portion is now known as Woolslade (? waulfs sled. “ Wolslot” in 1765, now locally pronounced ‘Ouselett ”). This valley was doubtless originally called “ baggan dene.” The “geat” was probably a gap in the hedge (septum, Little Bedwyn bounds) which surrounded the parish, at a point about 450 yards N.E. of the Lodge. Here several old tracks converge on the Lodge, coming from the farms on the east. (23.) Thonne on hethfeld geat. This is the “hadfeld geate” of the Little Bedwyn bounds. It was perhaps a gate on to Crabtree Common on the southern slopes of the valley just north of the Duke’s Vaunt. The name often occurs asHatfield in modern place-names, and was used formerly to describe the region also called Savage’s Heath, south of Postern Hill. But this point in the bounds has no connection, of course, with that. The name is a very common one in heathy districts. (24.) .Thonne on thone hleddredan beam. I suggest that the original word was ‘“‘readleafan.” The corresponding point in the Little Bedwyn bounds is “ holhrygce gete,’ and the point seems to fall close to the Duke’s Vaunt. It is tempting to see a connection between this ancient oak and the “beam” here mentioned. ‘The oak is now a hollow shell of great antiquity. In about 1762 it was as hollow as it is now and was said by old men then to have been so from time immemorial. The oak then stood on the northern boundary of the parish of Burbage, and was evidently a memorable point in beating the bounds of that parish. In these outings By 0. G. S. Crawford. 291 the youngest boys were always taken in order to impress upon their memory the bound-marks of their native village, so that when they too came to be old men they might likewise instruct the coming generation. If then we assign the moderate amount of 150 or so years to the ‘‘ time immemorial ” of the grey-beards of 1762 we come to the conclusion that the oak was already “‘a verdant ruin” in 1600. On this showing it must have been well past its prime in 1550, the time of the first Duke of Somerset, the only duke who can be associated with it. This gives us about 400 years for its period of decline. On this basis it is hardly an extravagant assumption to assign 600 years for its growth and maturity, and that takes us back to the period of this charter. It would be interesting to know whether the leaves of this veteran are redder than those of the surrounding oaks. Locally * Vaunt ” is pronounced ‘font ” and it is so spelt in the map of 1786. Its diameter at three feet from the ground is 26ft. 9in:! (25). Thonne on hramesdene geat. “ Hrames dene” i , | take it, the | valley which was crossed obliquely by the Ramsbury a (The old track running south westwards from the Bath road near Knowle at the fifth mile- stone from Marlborough, which is continued towards Leigh Hill as Three Oak Hill Drive, is marked “'To Ramsbury ” on the 1786 map). As regards _ the actual position of this ‘‘ geate” there can be little doubt. It must | have been at Holt Pound, the eastern gate of Warren Lodge, called _“Bedwyn Gate” on Andrew’s & Dury’s map (1773) and on the 1786 map. | It was here that the old road from Bedwyn to Marlborough entered the | Forest. I suspect that the ‘“ Bellingate” of the 1800 Perambulations | refers to the same spot. (26.) Thonne on horshexl yeat ut on beocces heal. The former name sur- | vives in the farm known as Upper Horsehall Hill. (The farm at Lower Horsehall Hill has been built since 1846). The only question is where | exactly was the “ geat”? It was evidently an entrance to the assart farm _of Horshall. I think it must have been where there is now a group of old | cottages about 250 yards south-west of Chisbury Lane Farm. Here, too, the i} ly 1TIn the Gentlemen’s Magazine, Vol. 1xxii (June, 1802), p. 497, is a letter from J. Stone with a copper engraving, “ F. Carey after J. Stone,” entitled -“Duke’s Vant,” the original sepia drawing for which by J. Stone is in the | Society’s ILilbieusy at Devizes. Mr. Crawford says that his authority for the statement that the local pronunciation of the Duke’s Vaunt is “ Font” ke is the written statement of a visitor who left a MS. book of notes on field | and place names in the Forest, at the office of the estate agent, Mr. Aris, at Durley. I suggested to him, however, that a Font in the old Wiltshire ‘dialect was always a “ Vant,” and that the ‘‘ Duke’s Vant” of the 1802 engraving may not be a misprint or mistake at all, but une) represent the original pronunciation, afterwards corrupted into “ Vaunt”’; in which case ‘it would mean the Duke’s “ Font” and not the Duke’s “ Boast ” or “ Pride.” I do not press the suggestion, but if there is anything in it, it would seem to point to the fact of the tree having been already hollow like a tub or font in the ‘ Duke’s” day. Mr, Crawford has asked me to insert this note. | E. H. Gopparp. 292 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage, bounds coincide with a hitherto unrecorded section of Wansdyke, of which a small but perfect fragment is visible in the wood immediately south of a large gravel pit. The entrenchment is lost again almost at once, but re- appears again about 700 yards further east where it leaves the parish boundary and runs due east through Park Copse in Chisbury Wood, roughly parallel with Chisbury Lane and about 500 yards south of it. This fragment is about a quarter of a mile long. It is very probable that part of the bounds of Horsehall assart were formed. by Wansdyke, and this would give double force to the meaning of the “gaet.” It is called “ horsel- get’ in the Little Bedwyn bounds. ‘‘ Beocces heal” is probably the point where the parish bounds emerge from Chisbury Wood into the open fields of Bedwyn. The field on the N.E., or Little Bedwyn side of the boundary, is called “ Hill field” in the Tithe Map of 1846, which may be a corruption of “heal.” This point is not mentioned in the Little Bedwyn bounds which proceed directly from “ bedwinda” to “‘ horselget.” — (27.) Thanon to Bedwindan. Here the bounds reach the valley and stream of Bedwyn where they began. ‘The point is now called Burntmill Lock, and is described in the Award Map of Little Bedwyn (1792) as “ Little Bedwyn Mill.” II. —Little Bedwyn, A.D. 778. Copied from the original charter of that date at the British Museum, Cotton Charter VIIL., 4 [Cart. Sam.,i., _ 225]. The charter is damaged in places by damp and by having been folded, but on the whole it is good condition, and fortunately the bounds have ‘escaped damage better than the preamble. They occur at the end of a grant by Cynewulf, King of the Saxons, to Bica,! of “13 manentes” of land at Bedewinde. The charter is reproduced in facsimile in “ Facsimiles of Ancient Charters in the British Museum,” Part ii., 1876, No. 3. The date is given in Roman numerals in the manuscript. ‘ ab oriente vallem vocatam cymenes denu. et sic in longum vergens? . . . . . . nes geat et sic in affricum vergens in longum illius septi tendit ad. peadan stigele deinde per iddem septum. in filith leage. australem partem inde in longum predicti septi in quoddam vallum in. haran dene. sicque per hoc vallum pertingit ad illum agellum qui dicitur. tatan edisc. et sic per occidentalem plagam ejusdem agelli jacet in illos tumulos? . . . torum. deinde in. bedewindan, et sic in longum illius spineti in horselget. et continuot . . . hrames dene geate. et extenso tramite ejusdem septi. to holhryge gete, et eodem septo to hadfeld geate. et eodem septo to baggan gete. et sic in illud septum. to bradanleage. 1“ Comiti meo ac ministro. 2 Gap of 24in. in MS. (about fourteen to fifteen letters). 3 Gap of lin. in MS. (about five to six letters). 4 The letter preceding “‘rames” is certainly an “‘h.” Beforeitisaspace jj (made coe by damp) of 14in. (about Hoye to six dettens I think the j second ‘‘o” in “continuo” might well be an “e.” of vallis, cf ‘in illum vallem By 0. G. 8. Crawford. 293 transitque. illo septo bradanleage intrans in. standene. et in longum ejus in quoddam vallum ejusque. valli serie in. puttan [h]ealh.! et sic in longum aggeris to bulcan pytte. indeque. in longum vallis.? et sic emenso Spatio strates in quoddam petrosum clivum. et ex eo baldwines healh. app . . - supremum sicque [in] quoddam vallum ejusque tramite progressum in illum vallum [ab?] austro bulcan pyttes. sicque. in longum valli progressa in illa antiqua monumenta in locum ubi a ruricolis dicitur. zet tham holen stypbum. sicque in illos gabulos. in longum gemerweges. to wadbecrge. sicque of wadbeorge in illum fontem qui dicitur forsca burna. et ejus ex alveo intrat bedewindan. indeque item in cymenesdene. Translation (by Mr. W. H. Stevenson). from the east the valley called Cymenes-denu ; and thusalong . . . nes gap (or gate); and so turning to the south along the haw until (the boun- daries) come to Peada’s stile; thence by the same haw (sepét[wm]) to the south part of Filith leah; thence along the said haw to a valley? in Haran- denu; so by this valley (the boundaries) reach the paddock called “ Tata’s Edish”; and so by the west side of the same paddock (the boundaries) lie in the two barrows . . torum (Latin gen. plural); thence to Bedewinde ; and so along the spinney to Horsel-gap; and straighton . . . rammes- denu gap; and crossing the road of the hedge to Holhrycg gap; and so by the haw to Hadfeld gap; and by the same gap to Bagga’s gap; and so to the haw to Broad ley (or wood); passing the haw of Broad ley entering Stan-denu; and along it to a valley; following the valley to Putt’s [h]ealh ; and so along the ditch to Bulca’s pit; thence along the valley; and so, | having covered the width of the street, to Stony Cliff; and from it to Baldwin’s healh . . apprioaching?] . . a valley; proceeding along it to the valley on the south of Bulca’s pit ; and so along the valley to the ancient } monuments (plural for singular?) to the place called by the country folk “at ) the hollow stubbs”; and so to the crosses along the boundary road to } Wadbeorg (=Woadhill);.and so from Wadbeorg to the spring called | “Forsca-burna” (=the Frogs’ bourn); and from its bed (the boundaries) enter the Bedwinde; thence again to Cymene[s-denu]. Little Bedwyn. A.D. 778 (C. S.i., 225). (aE es . aboriente vallem vocatam cymnes denu. The bounds begin on the sont side of the modern parish. I suspect that they have changed | slightly, and that originally, instead of proceeding along the valley as now for about 650 yards to Forebridge, they crossed it at right angles to the | valley (cymenes denw) in which Lower Down Barn stands. It will be noticed | that at the end nothing is said about going along the Bedwyn valley (ejus - 1Gap of one letter (doubtless ‘““h”’) in MS., caused by a fold. 2 Probably an error for “ valli.” 3 This is purely conjectural (fold). 4“ (noddam vallum” seems due to the scribe’s mistake as to the gender > “in longum valli.” 4 294 Lhe Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. ex alveo intrat bedewindan, indeque item in cymenes dene). ‘‘ Cymenes denu” has left its mark in Gymp Lane (1792), running from the cross roads at Bird’s Ground (1792), south of Little Bonning’s Copse in Little Bedwyn, to the point where the modern parishes of Froxfield, Shalbourne, and Little Bedwyn meet. Incidentally it may be noticed that the, “‘denu” is translated Ba “vallis,” and becomes “ dene” when it is mentioned again at the end of the Charter. This shows that there was little, if any, difference in meaning between the two words. As a matter of fact, in this neighbourhood all valleys are ““denus” in the usually accepted sense of the word—an open glade ina forest; since it is only at the bottom of the valleys that the underlying chalk isexposed. Thus the valley bottoms throughout the Savernake district are open glades, free from the thick woods and undergrowth of the plateaux, which are covered with loamy deposits of tertiary sands and clay. These conditions may be seen to-day in some of the virgin tracts of Savernake. (2.) Kt sec in longum vergens (allius vallem ad) (cyme)nes geat. The first bracketed portion is Birch’s restoration, the second is mine. Both are purely conjectural. The point in question is clearly that at which the three parishes meet. -On Andrew’s and Dury’s map it is called Pedlar’s Gate, and a copse adjoining Gymp Lane on the 8.E. side of the Jane is still called Gate Close. The “geat” here again is clearly a gap in the hedge enclosing the cultivated lands of Little Bedwyn on the south-east side of the Bedwyn valley. A belt of arable land about half-a-mile wide ran formerly on both sides of the main valley, parallel with it, between Little Bedwyn village and Wolfhall. Beyond this belt was open heath and common, the waste lands of the manor, separated by a thick hedge (‘‘ haga”) from the cultivated fields. A similar, and usually circular, hedge protected the crops of assart farms from the depredations of deer, swine, and other beasts, as well as 4 from the cattle pasturing on the waste. In the case of the smaller assarts this “hedge”. was sometimes an artificial fence, but that can hardly have been so with the larger units like manors. Moreover we often to this day find great high hedges growing on the bounds of a parish, and very difficult they are to get through! Wherever a road passed through such a hedge, . © there would be a “ gate,” meaningagap. But through this gap would enter | also the undesirables whom it was the object of the hedge to exclude. © Hence we may conclude that some sort of wooden gate was generally placed at such points. (3.) Et sic in affricum vergens in longum illius septi tendit ad peadan stigele. This name probably survives in Pedlar’s Gate (1773) and in Pedlar’s Piece (1844), the field between Stype Wood and the parish boundary. The path was probably one leading to Bagshot. Here the bounds curve round from S8.E. through 8. to S.W. towards the head of the valley. A field — between Burn Copse and Wentworth’s Copse, called Dean Heath Field (1846), is probably an echo of “cymenes denu.” (4.) Deinde per iddem septum. in filtth leage. australem partem. There can be no doubt as to the identity of this ‘‘lea.” The modern bounds proceed in a south-westerly direction across a broad, level plain, sloping By O. G. S. Crawford. 295 gently to the north, and lying between Gully Copse and The Dell. The _ bounds keep on the western side of this plain. It is to-day very marshy, and the soil is clay. The southern portion is known as Mabbit’s Heath. (5.) Inde in longum praedicti septi in quoddam vallum in haran dene. The “vallum” is Wansdyke, and the bounds here join those of Great Bedwyn, etc., described above. The bounds have altered slightly; the Saxon bounds clearly followed the line of the Shalbourne parish boundary, so as to include in Little Bedwyn, Round Copse and the two adjacent fields. (6.) Sicque per hoc vallum pertingit ad illum agellum qua dicitur. tatan edisc. et stc per occidentalem plagam ejusdem agelli jacet in los tumulos : torum. deinde in bedewindan. ‘There are no clues to the identity of _ these points until we come to the Bedwyn stream. The unusual number of points for the distance—four in a mile—reflects probably the fact that this was cultivated land, where the boundary would tend to take an intricate course. One would like to connect “tatan edisc” with Tottenham Park, but that is out of the question. It is much too far away ; and moreover its earliest form appears to have been “‘ Topenham.” From here the bounds march with those of Great Bedwyn, etc., and it is therefore unnecessary to describe them again. The only name which appears in these bounds only is ‘“‘ holhryge gete,’ which corresponds with _“hleddredan beam.” If I am correct in identifying the latter with the Duke’s Vaunt it may be concluded that this oak was adopted as a bound- | mark between A.D. 778 and A.J). 968. The ridge in question is that on which Timbridge Farm stands (Timrigge in the Perambulation of 1300). | It evidently changed its name during the intervening centuries. | (7.) Transitque ilo septo bradan leage intrans in standene. Here the ) bounds become difficult. Although it is possible to make them agree with | the modern ones, the latter have an unnatural look and do not appear to ' be very ancient. It is clear, however, that ‘‘ standene” must be the valley } in which Puthall Gate lies, and is followed from thence eastwards by the /} London Road. It is called Red Vein Bottom higher up within the Forest. | It is full of gravel, which has been extensively used in making and repairing | the main road.. Lower down, about 200 yards east of Voronzoff Gate, it is | now being worked again for the same purpose, and has succeeded in this ) role the famous Knowle gravel-pit close by. I think it probable that at Amity Oak the boundary originally continued northwards to Puthall Gate, | and then turned east along the valley as far as Axford Lane. (8.) Ht inlongum ejus|i.e., standene]| in quoddamvallum. Whatever course | we adopt for the bounds, the vallum must be what is now Axford Lane. | This lane is an ancient track, and having been worn hollow with the traffic of centuries, the vallwm has become obscured. Nevertheless there is a most _ distinct high bank, with the ditch on the west, on the east side of this lane J)as it ascends the hill. As the lane reaches the crest, the bank gets larger. It is rather large for a parish boundary bank, but as it turns with the | boundary eastwards at the top of the hill, it is probably that and no more. ‘It may have been kept up by the tenants of Puthall during the Middle '| Ages. One is tempted to suggest that the “ val/wm ” is an earlier earthwork 296 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. of the Wansdyke period and type, and that it is the connecting link between Wansdyke itself and a “ditch” marked on the Ordnance Survey map between Yielding Copse, in Ogbourne St. George, and Mere Farm, in Mildenhall. When last seen near Belmore Copse, Wansdyke is pointing in this direction, and hedge lines run continuously between the two. If this. were so, we should have a northerly branch of Wansdyke to correspond ' with the southerly branch at Bedwyn brail. But this must remain pure speculation at present; and as the intervening land has all been under cultivation for centuries there is little hope that the question can be solved merely by observation in the field. | (9.) Hjusque valli serie in puttan|hjealh. This is clearly Puthall Farm. In the field on the N.E. of the present house is a square earthwork which is clearly of considerable antiquity. There can be little doubt that this farm occupies a site which has been inhabited since Saxon times. As is so often the case with these old homesteads, the borders of the adjacent fields. are deeply trenched, and the fields themselves contain many balks or lynchets. In the 1300 Perambulation mention is made near here of the “croft” of St. Margaret at the Putte. (10.) Ht sic wn longun aggeris to bulcan pytte. There is only one pit near that suits the context. . It lies about 80 yards due north of the parish boundary at the south-west corner of Hen’s Wood. The Roman road passes immediately to the north of it. It is a deep and ancient chalk- pit,nowentirely overgrown, and it is not marked on the Ordnance map (1900). (11.) Indeque in longum vallis et sic emenso spatio strate in guoddam. petrosum cluvum. One need not hesitate to amend “vadlzs” into “valle.” The reading “‘valles” (valley) is quite impossible here, as the bounds run near the watershed and parallel with it, and do not even cross a valley. The “rampart” must be the one thrown up to mark the boundary. That being so, there is, it must be admitted, but little justification for supposing _ that in stage 8 a pre-Saxon defensive earthwork is referred to. The most interesting point in this sector is the mention of “‘ strata ”—a translation of “ strete,” both of which words always describe a made road. | Before identifying this portion of the bounds I had discovered the course — of the Roman road from Cunetio to Spinae through Hen’s Wood. It runs roughly parallel with the parish boundary at a maximum distance of 100: | yards, decreasing eastwards. Eventually the Roman road appears to come | into line with the Bath road half-a-mile west of Harrow Farm. The Hen’s Wood portion of the Koman road probably began to decay when Cunetio was abandoned ; and it was superseded by the present Bath road when Wi) Marlborough took the place of Cunetio. The present wavy line of the ¥y parish boundary may be accounted for in this way :—the limits of Bedwyn % extended up to the line of the Roman road while it was still in use; as_ usual, however, the traffic did not keep to the causeway, but strayed 4 alongside it over a belt of considerable width. That belt would be very 7 wide here, where the capping of clay on the hill top would make each track } soon become foul; every time this happened a fresh one would grow up | alongside and so on until the edge of the hill was reached, when the™ By O. G. S. Crawford. — 297 process would begin all over again. In this way the whole southern part of Hen’s Wood, which is over a quarter of a mile wide, may have been covered with tracks. When the road was finally abandoned the trampled region would be left waste, and in this case, would be a neutral ground between Ramsbury and Little Bedwyn. Eventually it became incorporated in the nearest parish, and the southern limit of straying became the line of demarcation. ‘That this was so is, in fact, suggested by the words “‘ emenso spatio stratae,” whatever the precise intention of the phrase may be. The same kind of thing has happened on Groveley Ridge in the case of the Roman road from Old Sarum to the Mendips; and the conditions are identical—clay upon a ridge of chalk. ‘‘ Petrosum clivum”’ is a translation of “stan clif.’ There is no clue to its whereabouts; it might have been anywhere now on the slopes of this very stony ridge. (12.) Kt ex co baldwines healh app . . . supremum sicque [in] quoddam vallum ejusque tramite progressum in illum vallum [ab]austro bulcan pyttes. This “bulcan pytte” cannot possibly be the same as the previous one. ‘‘ Baldwines healh” is probably the valley up which | Little Bedwyn parish projects in a peak. The copse called Rudge Firs was called Ball’s wood in 1846, which may be a reminiscence of Baldwin, | but the name Ball is common in field-names hereabouts. An old chalk-pit is marked in the Ordnance map (Sheet xxix., S.E.) in the south of Scrope’s | Wood, which adjoins Ball’s Wood. It is suitably placed for identification with this ‘‘ bulcan pytte,’ but I have not been able to inspect it. (13.) Szcque. an longum valli progressa in illa antiqua monumenta in | locum ubt'aruricolrs dicetur. aet tham holen stypbum. sicque in illos gabulos. in longum gémaerweges. to wadbeorge. sicque of wadbeorge in illum fontem | qui dicitur forsca burna. et ejus ex alveo intrat bedewindan. indeque item | in cymenesdene. There is no clue to any of these points until Bedwyn except | * forsca burna,” which is clearly the Froxfield stream. Ina grant of land in | A.D. 803—805 (C.S. 324), mention is made of Mildenhald, Forscanfeld, and Bedewinde, the middle one being, of course, Froxfield. “ Gemerweges.”’ I fancy that these mark-ways generally went not only | along the boundaries of manors, but rather along the edge of the _ cultivated, and generally enclosed, land. | Gabulos. [‘* Gabulum means a cross or crucifix in Celtic and O.E. Latin.” W.H. 8.] _ III. Burbage, A.D. 961. Copied from Claudius, B.vi., fol. 82 (Brit. | Mus. Cottonian Library). [Cart. Sax., iii., 1067.] This charter is found in the Abingdon Chronicle and is printed in the Rolls Series edition of that work (vol. i., p. 334). It was a grant by King Eadgar to Abingdon » Abbey, but the bounds do not enclose any land, as will be seen. Aerest on weall weg thonne on tha eorthburg thet forth be wurt walan | to mearcwege thonne on wifeles ham westweardne thet forth andlang burg | beces thonne to wad leage westewearde thonne to meare wege: thet west | to ig fled wege on tha ac on fileth cumbe thonne andlanges hagan on bidan _ ham eastewearde thaet and langes hagan ut to rodleage westewearde thonne | to heathfeld geate. H YOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXIV. 2 298 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. Translation (by Mr. W. H. Stevenson). First to Weale-weg ; thence to the earth bury; thence forth by the tree- roots to the boundary (mearc) way ; thence to the west of Wifel’s “ ham ” ; thence forth along Burg-bec; thence to the west of Wad-leah ; thence to the boundary (mearc) way ; thence west to Igfled way ; to the oak in Fileth- comb; thence along the haw to the eastward of Bida’s ‘‘ ham”; thence along the haw out to the west of Rod-leah ; thence to Heathfield gate (or gap). (1.) Aerest on weall weg. The bounds begin at S.W. corner of the _ modern parish of Burbage, on the hill south of Southgrove Farm. They coincide with part of the bounds of Great Bedwyn described above. (2.) Thonne on tha corthburg. The earthwork at Crowdown Clump described above. (3.) Thet forth be wurt walan to mearcwege. The points which follow depend for their identification upon where we assume “‘ burg beces ” to begin. Topographically, we cannot have arrived there until we have crossed the © valley running westwards at the foot of the escarpment past the southern end of the villages of Easton and Milton Lilbourne. And as the Saxon bound- makers had a very keen eye for topographical features, we must, I think, restrict ‘‘burg beces” to the dome-shaped plateau north of this valley. Moreover, if we assume that it extended further southwards the bound- ~ marks become too crowded together there and too far apart northwards. “ Wurt walan” is the western foot of the spur on the southern end of which the “corthbury” stands. “ Meare wege” is then probably the old 7 way called Bishop’s Walk. In Hill Field is a very wide, deep cutting, now | smoothed out by the plough, which is evidently the remains of a very old way. It is indicated on the Ordnance Survey map by a nick in the 600° © contour line close to the parish boundary. (4.) Thonne on wifeles ham west weardne. This may mean that “wifeles ham” lay to the west of the bounds. It cannot, if our interpretation of © “burg beces” is correct, mean that the bounds turn westwards. The line 7} they take here is a straight northerly one, which has every appearance of | being original. ‘‘ Wifeles ham” would then be where the bounds cross the} Pewsey herepath. | (On an old map of Easton of 1735, at the Savernake Estate Office, this | road, which is nameless there, is the southern limit of the enclosed lands of — Easton. South of it is marked “ Easton fields,” but unfortunately the map © does not show them.! On the Burbage map of about 1810 the track which follows the parish boundary between Hill Field and the modern Bishop’s Walk is called ‘“ Bishop’s Way.”) 1'The map is most valuable, since it shows that all the fields north of | this road were enclosed by hedges at that early date. The hedge-lines | are mostly the same as those now existing, but there area few more. All | the fields, except those immediately round the village, are shown as’ | arable. By OG. S: Crawford. 299 (5.) Thet forth andlang burg beces. This point has already been discussed. It is clear from this passage that the “bec” in question is not a stream, since the only one existing here is that which runs westwards from the S. end of Burbage village, through to the village of Easton ; and this is crossed at right angles to the bounds. “ Bec” must therefore mean “ back ” here. (6.) Thonne to wad leage westewearde. It is difficult to identify this point at all closely. It seems, however, to refer to the western part of “burg beces” in the neighbourhood of Conygre Farm and Breach Cottages, in Easton parish. Breach Cottages was formerly a farm and the land was known as “The Breaches” in 1814, which seems to indicate that it has not very long been in existence. ) (7.) Thonne to mearc wege. This in another “mark-way,” and it is _ probable that it was crossed and not followed by the bounds. Perhaps it survives in the footpath from Westcourt to Wootton Rivers. (8.) Thet west to ig feld wege on tha ac on fileth cumbe. Here we reach firm ground again. I have emended “7g fled” into “zg feld.” As for the “way” there is not one but a score, which all converge on the watershed of the Kennet and the Salisbury Avon. They lie between the western edge , of Ram Alley Copse and the modern road from Marlborough to Burbage and Salisbury. There seem to have been two main sets (1) from Easton | through Ram Alley hamlet and copse proceeding along and also parallel _ with the parish boundary, north and north-west of Ram Alley, (2) along the | parish boundary from Bowden farm leaving the boundary where it turns |N.W. to Ram Alley hamlet. Between the Bowden Farm road and the modern Salisbury road are two, one known as Piper’s Lane, which was | stopped up in 1856, and another through Westcourt. All these four roads ‘ran parallel and coumeraedl at Burbage Wharf, where an old toll-house still stands. These tracks seem to be later than those described under (1) and | to represent alternative routes adopted at one time or another by the roads from the Kennet valley settlements to those of Salisbury Plain and to Salisbury itself. _ I suspect that the reason for this tendency to shift eastwards is to be found in the enclosure of Brimslade Farm, This almost circular appendage of the parish of South Savernake was part of the original forest of Savernake. ‘It is so described in an Inq. p.m. of 1626—“ The enclosed land ‘called Brymslade, otherwise Brymslade Park, late parcel of the Torew! ‘called Savernake Forrest, a meadow called Iwoodes Meade,” etc. (Wilts ‘Ing. p.m., Charles I., p. 21). It is undoubtedly the Iwode of the Middle |Ages. The western limit of this region was probably the road described here as “zg feld way”; but as the tracks of this road were about a quarter of a mile wide, the exact point of the boundary was indeterminate. But jwhen Iwode became a park it was necessary to adopt some definite line, ‘since a ditch and pale had to be made round the park. Naturally the most easterly pack-trail was chosen, and this trail is actually to be seen to-day alongside the boundary between Ram Alley hamlet and the canal. The boundary ditch goes straight, but the pack-trail has a curved course, the | X 2 300 The Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn and Burbage. concave side facing westwards. It is cut through by the boundary ditch and must therefore be earlier than it. As the boundary ditch must have been made when the park was enclosed (probably in the 13th century), it follows that the trail fell into disuse at this period. But it is possible to penetrate still further into the origins of these roads. A little to the west of Brimslade Farm the Roman road from Cunetio to Old Sarum crossed the Vale of Pewsey. It crosses it in a straight line and does not attempt to select a favourable point. So longasit was keptin ~ repair this did not matter, for the causeway made it possible to cross the | heavy clay lands in comfort. But it was different when the causeway was neglected ; and it was then that a more suitable crossing point was adopted, further east and nearer to the watershed. That was the origin of the Ram Alley roads and of “zg feld weg.” The ‘ac on fileth cumbe.” The oak has vanished and apparently left no traces. “ Mileth cumbe” must be the valley in which the canal and railway run. [Mr. Stevenson comments on this passage :— Paleth cannot be connected with filth, O.E .fylth, from “ful,” foul. Filithe means “ hay.” ] It is probable that the modern parish boundary lies about.a quarter of a mile east of the original Saxon line; and that its present course dates from the enclosure of the Park of Iwode, when the group of pack-trails known known as “zg feld weg” were superseded by the Burbage group and the present Salisbury road. (9.) Thonne andlanges hagan on bidan ham eastewearde (See Great — | Bedwyn, stage 15.) Here, as usual, ‘‘ eastewearde” means that the points described lie east of the boundary ; it does not mean that the bounds turn eastwards. Were that so the phrase would be “thonne east andlanges hagan,” ete. | (10.) Thet andlanges hagan ut to rodleage westwearde. From here 2. onwards it is not possible accurately to restore the bounds. That will be | possible, however, if a map can be discovered showing the bounds of | Burbage as they were in about 1760. At this date the Duke’s Vaunt stood |} on the northern or eastern boundary of Burbage parish. (See Great Bedwyn, | stage 24.) It is clear, therefore, that from Leigh Hill (b¢dan ham) the © bounds proceed approximately in a straight line northwards, and then ~ eastwards and south-eastwards to the Duke’s Vaunt. . (11.) Thonne to heathfeld geate. This is the “ heath feld geat” of Great Bedwyn. It was discussed on p. 290. Maps. The following maps, now in the Savernake Estate Office, Durley, have been consulted through the courtesy of Mr. Aris, to whom the writer is | much indebted for his kindness in placing them at his disposal. é 1.—“ A Mapp of the inclosed part of the Several Manors at Easton in Com: Wilts, belonging to the Right Honourable Charles, Lord Bruce. Sur- jf vey d Anno 1735, by John Reynolds.” Size 214in. X 24in., with 24in. margin. Scale 64 chains (?) = one inch. [This would be a scale of !/5148. | By O. G. S. Crawford. 301 The unit is not stated, but it is almost certain to have been chains. The map is very well executed, and the houses even are drawn with minute care and presumably with equal accuracy. All the fields are enclosed by hedges, and, with the exception of a few close round the village itself, are all arable. ] 2.—“A Plan of the Forest of Savernake and of Tottenham Park in the County of Wilts, the seat of the Rt. Honble the Earl of Ailesbury, 1786.” Scale: 11 chains = one inch (!/8712). On vellum. 3.—Large roller-map of Burbage. No date or scale. [Notes in a later hand give the dates at which some of the copses were cut. The earliest of these is 1813. As the canal-tunnel, made in 1810, is shown, the map must have been drawn between 1810 and 1813. ] 4.—* Map of the Easton Estate in the County of Wilts, belonging to the Right Hon”, the Earl of Ailesbury; by Claridge & Iveson, 1814.” Scale: 6 chains = 1 inch ('/5184). 5.—Large roller-map of “Collingbourn Brunton, Gammons Farm, and _ Blagdon, 1825.” Scale not stated. WILTS OBITUARY, Lord Glenconner, died Nov. 2Ist, 1920. Cremated, ashes buried at Traquair Church, Innerleithen, Peebleshire. Edward Priaux Tennant, b. 1859, succeeded his father, Sir Charles Tennant, as 2nd Baronet, 1906, and was created Baron Glenconner, of Glen, in Peeble- shire, in 1911. Educated at Eton and Trin. Coll, Camb. M.A. 1885. “At different times in his life he had travelled extensively, but he was essentially a home man, a keen fisherman and sportsman, actively interested in forestry, and devoted to his country places, Glen and Wilsford Manor, and his beautiful house in Queen Anne’s Gate. (He rebuilt the two latter houses.) From his father he inherited great wealth,as well as the famous chemical works which were the foundation of the family fortune.” He was also a director of the Mysore Gold Company and several other big commercial undertakings, and was chairman of the Union Bank of Scotland. He held for four years,1911— 1914, the office of Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. In 1918 he presented to the nation the ruins of Dryburgh Abbey. His private picture gallery in Queen Anne’s Gate, containing many fine pictures, was generously open to the public on two days inthe week. He satas Liberal Member for Salisbury from 1906 to 1910, after unsuccessfully contesting the Partick Division of Lanarkshire in 1892, and the united counties of Peebles and Selkirk in 1900, and was for a time Assistant Private Secretary to Sir George Trevelyan at the Scottish office, but he never took a prominent place in politics. He took, however, a keen interest in public affairs. He married, 1895, Pamela, d. of the Hon. Percy S. Wyndham, of Clouds, youngest sister of George Wyndham, and leaves three sons and one daughter. Hiseldest son, Edward Wyndham Tennant, fell in the war. His second son, the Hon. Christopher Grey Tennant, aged 21, succeeds to the peerage. Before the rebuilding of Wilsford Manor he lived for many years at Stockton House. Obit. notice, Zzmes, Nov. 22nd, 1920. Mrs. Kate Josephine Rogers, died March 23rd, 1921, aged 45. Buried at Potterne. Her death followed an operation quite un- expectedly. She seemed to be at the beginning of an even wider sphere of public work and usefulness. Daughter of Henry Edmonstone Medlicott, of Sandfield, Potterne, than whom few men ever deserved better of the county, she had gained of late years in Central Wilts a measure of esteem and affection not less remarkable than that which her father had held before her. She married, Dec. 11th, 1899, Capt. | Henry Paton Rogers, 2nd Batt. Wilts Regt. One week later he sailed | for S. Africa, where he died of enteric fever in the following May. As his widow she continued to live with her parents. Always much [ff beloved at Potterne it was the Great War that first gave her the — | E | | | | ~ ggere er ewe Wilts Obituary. 303 opportunity of showing her capacity for organisation and influence on a large scale. ‘The Devizes and District Women’s Emergency Corps,” with its head-quarters at the Town Hall, and Mrs. Rogers as its chairman and moving spirit, was the centre of all sorts of women’s war work, Red Cross and otherwise, for the whole of the district. Of her remarkable power of leadership and organisation, as well as of her personal influence, always cheery and encouraging, in connection with this work, a very genuine and feeling appreciation is given by one who worked with her throughout, in the Wzltshire Gazette of March 3\st, 1921. At the same time she served on the Wiltshire War Agricultural Committee, and was closely associated with Mrs. Robert Awdry in the raising and training of the Women’s Land Army inthecounty. After the war she was one of the first two women County Councillors in Wiltshire, being returned unopposed for the Potterne district, and served on many committees of the council. She had been nominated one of the first women Justices of the Peace for the county shortly before her death, but had not yet qualified or sat on the bench. She was also the first woman member on the District Council and Board of ~ Guardians. She was indeed one of that little band of three or four pioneers who have begun to show what women can do in the public affairs of Wiltshire. Whatever she undertook she carried through with the utmost conscientiousness, and with a singular power of impressing all with whom she worked with something of her own cheery unselfish- ness and commonsense and tact. What those who knew her, whether in public or in private life, thought of her was shown at her funeral on Easter Monday, of which it has been said that no woman’s funeral in - Wiltshire ever before brought together such a multitude of real mourners of every type and class. Long obituary notice and account of the funeral, Wiltshire Gazette, March 31st, 1921. Rev. George Henry Sanders Atwood, died March 11th, 1921, buried at Bishopstrow, aged 65. Born Dec. 29th, 1855. S. of Rev. George Dewhurst Atwood, Rector of anton: Northants. Educated at Marlborough, St. Cronin Coll., Camb., and Lichfield Theological Coll. Deacon 1879, priest 1880 (Worcester). Curate of Polesworth, Warws., 1879—83 ; Rector of Bishopstrow, 1883, until his death. J.P. for Wilts, 1917. Married, July 23rd, 1889, Helen Amy, d. of W. H. Laverton, of Leighton, who with his only son, Lt. George E. Atwood, R.N., survives him. A Conservative in politics he was much identified with the Unionist Association in the Westbury Division. Since 1888 he had been a Guardian, and from 1910 to 1919 Chairman of the District Council. He was a member of the Rural Tribunal, and Food Control Committee, during the War. He was a manager of Wilts Reformatory School, and held many other public offices. He was the secretary of the Wilts County Federation of Ratepayers’ Associations. “A good type of the Country Parson,” as he used to be, well-known and esteemed round Warminster. Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette. March 17th; Woaltshire Times, March 19th, 1921. 304 Wilts Obituary. Stephen Brown Dixon, died March 9th, 1921, aged 82. Buried at Pewsey Cemetery. Born August 6th, 1839, at Marlborough. Educated at Marlborough Grammar School. Practiced as solicitor, Clerk to the Guardians and District Council, Magistrates, Commissioners of Taxes, &c., for the Pewsey District for many years. J.P. for Wilts. Married first the daughter of Dr. Cooper Forster, and secondly the eldest daughter of the Rev. J. H. Gale (‘‘ Parson Gale”), Vicar of Milton Lilborne. A son, Capt. Arthur Dixon, and a daughter, Mrs. Middleton, survive him. He was the friend of everyone in Pewsey and its neigh- bourhood, and the crowds attending his funeral were a proof of the universal esteem in which he was held. He was a considerable Geologist and the first discoverer of the Palceolithic flints at Knowle Farm Pit which afterwards became so well known. He had formed a representa- tive collection of these flints, comprising some of the finest examples ever found at Knowle, and these he left to the Wiltshire Archeological Society’s Museum at Devizes, together with a few Neolithic flints from the Pewsey neighbourhood of quite unusual] interest. To this gift his executors added the case in which the Knowle flints were contained, and his Geological books. He was always a good friend of the Society, and ready to help substantially in any special work it undertook. Long obit. notice and appreciation in Weltshire ee March 17th, 1921. He was the author of the ollowine articles : ~ On some uses of Flint Implements. Wilts Arch. Mag., xix., 96—102. 7 On the Paleolithic Flint Implements from Knowle, Saver- | nake Forest. Jbid., xxxili., 139—144. On the Geological Formation of the Vale of Pewsey,a | Paper read before the members of the Marlborough | District of the National Union of Teachers at their | Annual Meeting on Huish Hill. 13th July, 1906. © London. Pamphlet, post 8vo, pp. 8. ; The Drift near Marlborough. Marlborough College Nat. Hist. | Soc. Report, Christmas, 1866, pp. 37—42. [Reprinted at the | “Times ” Office, Marlborough, 1867, as a pamphlet. 8vo, pp. 8.] The Origin of Species. /bid. Midsummer, 1869. pp.9—15. | On the Origin of Chalk Flints. /bid. Christmas, 1881. pp. 100 | —1]04. ° il On Paleolithic Implements found at Knowle, near Saver- nake Forest. Jbid., Christmas, 1901. pp. 29—34. John Heritage Blake, died April 8th, 1921, aged 72. Buried at} Beanacre. Born June 7th, 1848, at Steeple Ashton. Eldest son of J Alfred Blake, J.P., of Codford. Educated at Trowbridge Grammar | School. Succeeded his uncle, John Heritage, in the brewery business. |} A member of the Trowbridge Local Board and Urban Council for 45 — years, and chairman of Board of Guardians for 24 years. He was also chairman of many other local bodies, and was prominently connected Wilts Obituary. 305 with the public life of Trowbridge all his life. J.P. for Wilts, 1900. He married first, a daughter of G. N. Haden ; secondly, a daughter of Will Pendock, of Aust, Glos. His only son, Lt.-Col. G. R. Blake, and a daughter survive him. He had lived for many years at Beechfield, near Beanacre. | Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, April 14th ; Wiltshire Times, with portrait, April 16th, 1921. Rev. Francis Edmund Hutchinson, died at Tiverton, April 17th (2), 1921, aged 90; buried at Tisbury. Univ. Coll., Oxon., B.A. 1852, M.A. 1872. Deacon. 1854, priest 1855 (Oxon). Curate of | Barford St. Michael, Oxon., 1854—57; Alverstoke, 1857—58 ; Chap. | of Ansty, Wilts, 1878—1900; Vicar of Tisbury, 1858—1913, when he resigned. Sec. for A.C.S. Diocesan Inspector of Schools and i Bishop’s Examiner. Chaplain Tisbury Union, 1882—1913. During ] his long incumbency at Tisbury he was identified in all sorts of ways | with the life of the place, and the debt that Tisbury owed to him was { shown by the crowds attending his funeral. | . Hullavington, died Dec. 21st, 1920, aged 76. Buried at Hullavington, , where he had a Hunting Box. Educated at Radley and Trin. Coll. Oxford. He was a very notable oarsman, rowing for Oxford in the University Boat Races of 1864, 1865, and 1866, as stroke in the two last years; and was President of the O.U.B.C. in 1866. After winning many other races, he won at the Paris International Regatta in 1867, with Mr. Corrie, the World’s Champion Pairs. He joined the Stock Exchange in 1867, and until within a few months of his death was senior partner of Steer Lawford & Co., London. He lived most of his time in London, but was well known as a follower and supporter of the Beaufort Hunt. At Chittoe and Bromham he was much esteemed for the support which he gave to local cricket and football and other sports, and for his generous help in charitable and Church matters. He married Maria Cotes 1868, and in 1896 erected the Lychgate at Hullavington to her memory. His Wiltshire property included, besides Nonsuch, the greater portion of Hullavington, Seagry, and Upper and Lower Stanton. He was a good musician and organist. Obit. notices, Waltshire Gazette, Dec. 23rd and 30th, 1920. | Meredith Meredith-Brown, of Nonsuch House, Chittoe, and i | Rev. Charles Edward Benedict Barnwell, died at Torquay, Jan. 20th, 1931, aged 74. Son of the Rev. Ed. Lowry | Barnwell, who for the latter part of his life lived at Melksham House, | and built St. Andrew’s Forest Church there in memory of another | son. Hducated Ch. Ch, Oxford, B.A. 1870, M.A. 1873. Sarum Theol. Coll., 1870—71. Deacon 1871, priest 1873 (Salisbury). Curate of Calne, 1871 —5 ; Farnham, 1877—80 ; St, Mary’s, Boltons, W. Brompton, 1880—83; Vicar of Southbroom, 1883—1897, when he resigned and retired to live at Bath until after the death of his wife, when he moved to Torquay. He was a man of much ability, a scholar, a 306 Wilts Obituary. preacher of unusual power, and an organiser, who is still remembered at Southbroom as the “appreciations ” which follow a long obituary notice in Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 27th, 1921, show. Rev. John Charles Ramsay, died Nov. 2ist, 1920, aged 53. St. Bees Coll., 1892. Deacon 1894, priest 1896 (Manchester). Curate of Leesfield (Lancs.), 1894—97; St. Thomas, Eastville, Bristol, 1897— 1900; Highworth, 1900—1905; Vicar of Hullavington, 1905 until his death. He was a Fellow of the Guild of Church Musicians. Obit. notice, Wiltshere Times, Nov. 27th, 1920. Rev. William Hickman, died Dec., 1920. Buried at Ch. Ch., Warminster. Wadham Col., Oxon. B.A. 1857; M.A. 1870. Deacon 1865, priest 1866 (Salisbury). Curate of Warminster, 1865—67. Vicar of Christ Church, Warminster, 1867—99, when he resigned. Chaplain Warminster Union, 1877—99. J.P. for Wilts. During his incumbency the Church was restored, chancel and choir vestry built, organ, reredos, and pulpit added, and the Mission School built in 1868. Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, Jan. 8th, 1921. Francis Abel William Taylor Armstrong, died Dec., 1920. B. at Malmesbury, 1848. Entered G.W.R. service at Swindon on leaving school, left it to become an artist. His pictures were mainly architectural or landscape subjects. He was a member of the Council of the Royal West of England Academy and had much to do with the enlargement of the Bristol Art Gallery, which contains two of his best pictures. Obit. notice, Bristol Times and Mirror, reprinted in Woltshire Gazette, Dec. 9th. 1920. PIELER IEEE EEN tI ais @iye Edwin Frederick James, died Feb., 1921, aged 59. Buried at Paddington. S. of William James, of Swindon. For many years the principal bassoon player at all the London concerts and provincial festivals. Musician in Ordinary to H.M. the King, and Chairman of the London Symphony Orchestra, &c., dc. He was also a prominent Freemason. His funeral was largely attended by well-known musicians. Long obit. notice, Swandon Advertiser, Feb. 25th, 1921. Robert Curtis Harding, died Jan. 23rd, 1921, aged 92. Buried in Salisbury Cemetery. B.at Salisbury, Sept. 1st, 1828, s. of Will. Harding, a Wesleyan minister, and afterwards a brick and whitening manu- facturer, a business which his son continued until he retired in 1907. He was for 45 years a member of the Salisbury Board of Guardians, of which he became chairman in 1898. Hs served for one term on the County Council, and was appointed J.P. for the city in 1893. Throughout his life he rendered good service to the Wesleyan Church. He was chairman of the Liberal Association. Obit. notice and portrait, Salisbury Times, Jan. 28th, 1921. —— | Wilts Obituary. 307 Canon Edward Russell Bernard, died April 22nd, 1921, aged 78. Buried at Wells. B.1842. Eldest s. of Rev. Thomas Dehany Bernard, Canon and Chancellor of Wells. Educated at Wimborne Grammar School, Harrow, and Exeter Coll., Oxford. B.A. 1866, M.A. 1868. Hertford and Craven Scholar. Fellow of Magd. Coll. 1867—69. Deacon 1867,priest 1869(Norwich). Curate of Blickling, Norf.,1867—69; Vicar of ‘l'arrant Monkton with Tarrant Launceston, Dorset, 1870— 76 ; Examining Chap. to Bishops of Salisbury, 1871—1909; Vicar of Selborne, Hants, 1876—89 ; Public Examiner, Theolog. School, Oxford, 1881—83; Examiner in Theolog. Tripos., Camb., 1887—88; R. Dean of Alton, 1887—89 ; Select Preacher at Cambridge, 1889, 1891, 1900, and 1912; at Oxford, 1889—91; Hon. Chaplain to Q. Victoria, 1899—1901 ; to K. Edw. VII., 1901—10; Chaplain in Ordinary to K. Geo. V., 1910 —11; Proctor in Convocation, 1910; Rural Dean of Wimborne 2nd Portion, 1905—07 ; Canon Residentiary of Salisbury, 1889—1910, when he retired to live at High Hall, Wimborne, his family property. He held the Chancellorship of the Cathedral 1894 to 1917, and his stall as Preb. and Canon until his death. He married, 1878, the eldest daughter of William Nicholson, of Basing Park, Hants. He leaves three daughters. At Salisbury he lived in the ‘South Canonry,” where his garden was notable for good and rare things. A brilliant scholar himself he worked hard in the cause of education and took a prominent part in the life of the city and diocese. Obit. notices, Waltshire Gazette, April 28th; Guardian, April 29th, 1921. He was the author of the following works :— The Path to Freedom. London: J. Nisbet & Co. 1894. [Five Sermons on the Epistle to the Galatians. ] The English Sunday: its origin and its claims, Six Lectures delivered in Lent, 1901, in the Cathedral. London: Methuen & Co. 1903. [Cloth, 1s. 6d.] Great Moral Teachers. Macmillan. 1906. [3s. 6d. net.] A Scheme of Moral Instruction. For Teachers in Public Elementary Schools. Edited by E. R. Bernard, Canon of Salisbury. John Davis, 13, Paternoster Row, London. 1907. Boards, 64in. X 44in., pp. 56. Price 6d. ‘““Lowries Kensington Series.” Notes on the Table of Lessons for Holy Days. The Atonement. (His last Chancellor's Lectures at Salisbury. ) He also contributed to Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible and Hasting’s Bible Dictionary. Baldomero Hyacinth de Bertodano, 2nd s. of Ramon, 5th Marquis del Moral, died April 16th, 1921, aged 76. Buried at Kensal Green Cemetery. B. May 13th, 1844, he came to live at Cow- bridge House, Malmesbury, about 22 years ago. Vice-chairman of the N. Wilts Conservative Association, he took an active part in local 308 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. politics, and was a prominent Freemason. He was a breeder of Dexter cattle, and an expert turner in wood and ivory. He never married. Much respected for his kindness and generosity in many ways. Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, April 21st and 28th, 1921. Rev. Francis Houssemayne Du Boulay, died April 16th, 1921, aged 93. Exeter Coll., Oxford, B.A. 1849, M.A. 1851. Deacon 1851, priest 1852 (Salisbury). Curate of Heddington, 1851—53 ; Rector of Heddington, 1853—98, when he retired to live at Ealing. Rural Dean of Avebury, 1866—75. Rev. Maitland Edward Snepp, died April 10th, 1921, aged 73. Buried at Wallingford. King’s Coll., London. Deacon 1872, priest 1873 (Lichfield). Curate of Wellington, Salop, 1872—74; Whitby, 1874—1875 ; E. Twickenham, 1875—78 ; Chap. at Gothenburg, 1878— 86; Vicar of Broomfield, Som., 1886—88 ; Vicar of Lyneham, 1888— 1909, when he resigned. WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES. [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in any way connected with the county, to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally, to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. | A Complete Guide to Wiltshire. By L. D’O. Walters. London: Sach & Co, 155, Victoria Street, S.W. Cloth, 74in. X 5in., pp, 363.- Three folding maps with roads marked in red, and maps of the county as end-papers. The author claims to have supplied the want, hitherto existing, of ‘one book dealing with the county as a whole, giving account of every town and village, ancient remains, and celebrated houses, exact mileage, description of road and footpath, details of railways, and the names of inns and hotels all under one cover.” ° Both in its form and contents the book is obviously intended in the first place for the cyclist and the motorist. It is arranged in 23 “routes” following the main roads through the county—but as for the footpaths it is apparently tacitly assumed that nobody will want to walk anywhere, and that their existence is therefore not worth troubling about. In any casetheyare | | Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 309 not mentioned. The account of the Churches is unequal, in many cases a sufficient abstract of the notes of Mr. Ponting and other writers in the Wilts Arch. Mag. is given, in others, however, the account is confined to the statement that the Church “consists of an embattled western tower, nave, N. & S. aisles, and chancel,” which tells you nothing that you cannot see with your own eyes as you enter the building, and sometimes the abstract has been made without much understanding of the original, e.g., at Avebury, “ Originally here was a Saxon building, and without the nave a projecting string cross (szc) of the 11th century remains, whilst two windows at the west end of the nave are of the same date, and the nave roof is the original one.” The author makes a good point by mentioning the existence of any remarkable Church plate. He also in most cases gives the suggested etymology of the place names, relying for this on Mr. Longstaff’s volume. On the other hand the prehistoric remains of the county are for the most part treated somewat curtly. Flint ‘‘ plates” are said to have been found at the foot of Silbury, a rather unfortunate misprint for “ flakes.” The age and purpose of Wansdyke “are alike conjectural,” no mention being made of the Pitt- Rivers excavations which settled its post- Roman age. The “ Avenue” at Stonehenge is not identical with the “ Cursus.” The museums both of Salisbury and Devizes are quite inadequately dealt with. The former is allowed 21 lines, the latter 16. John Britton’s ‘‘ Celtic Collection” is said to be one of the chief attractions of the latter. There are a good many other points which require correction. The Bishop’s Palace at Salisbury is said to be of the 15th century, whereas a great part of it is really of the 13th, and coeval with the Cathedral; the Roman relief at Easton Grey House is said to be a “carved fragment of a procession”; Cnicus tuberosus is printedOnicus ; the brass at Clyffe Pypard is of the 14th, not the 13th century; the account of Upper Upham House describes it as it was, not as it is now swallowed up in a large modern house built in the same style; the effigy of the “ Boy Bishop” at Salisbury is mentioned as though it was actually that of a chorister bishop, and not, as in all probability it is, the ‘diminutive effigy of a real bishop; the Saxon cross shafts and body stones at Ramsbury are said to have been found “beneath the site of a Saxon Church which stood parallel to the present building,” giving the impression that there was an earlier Church on a different site from _ the present, the fact being that the stones came from the foundations of the chancel arch, and from a wall just outside and parallel with the existing wall of the chancel. On the whole the book is a useful guide to the county, larger and in many cases with fuller information than Heath’s “ Little Guide to Wiltshire,” with which it naturally challenges comparison, though in some ways the latter still has advantages over its rival, but it is not all that its author claims for it. The record of the mileage along all the routes from village to village is a very helpful feature. The Boy Bishop at Salisbury and elsewhere. A Lecture delivered in Salisbury Cathedral on 310 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Monday, February 7th, 1921. By the Rev. J. M. J. Fletcher, Canon of Salisbury. Price sixpence. Salisbury, Messrs. Brown & Co., Limited, Canal. H. Simmonds, High Street. Pamphlet, cr. 8vo.; pp. 23. Canon Fletcher has done well to accede to the request that this most valuable and interesting lecture should be printed. He begins by demolishing the legend that the diminutive effigy of a bishop now lying in the nave of Salisbury Cathedral is that of a chorister bishop who died during his brief tenure of office. This effigy was discovered, probably in 1616—19, under the seats near the pulpit, and John Gregory, then the most learned member of the Cathedral body, having found Bishop Roger de Mortival’s statute relating to the “ Chorister Bishop ” jumped to the conclusion that this was the monument of such a Boy Bishop and stated that conclusion as a fact. ‘The account of the Boy Bishop included in his “‘ Posthuma,” published first in 1649, three years after his death, has been followed by almost every guide book to Salisbury, and Description of the Cathedral from that day to this, and continues to be so given in the latest ‘““ Complete Guide to Wiltshire” published in the present year. Canon Fletcher follows Stothard, Mackenzie Walcot, Canon Rich Jones, Sir William Hope, and other recent authorities in the contention that the effigy is that of a real ‘bishop (just possibly Bishop Richard Poore himself) whose body was buried elsewhere, whilst his viscera were interred in the Cathedral. Many diminutive effigies marking the site of heart burials are known. In Wiltshire there are the diminutive incised figure of a forester at Steeple Langford and the effigy of a priest at Britford. Canon Fletcher suggests that the curious custom of the appointment of a chorister bishop originating in the Christian adaptation of the Roman Saturnalia at Christmas, was largely due in Western Europe to the popular cult of St. Nicholas of Myra in the 12th century. In any case the custom was in vogue at Old Sarum before 1219, and Canon Fletcher mentions nine other English Cathedrals and many other great Abbeys and Churches where it prevailed. At Old Sarum in 1219 there was a gold ring for the Bishop of the Innocents, and at Salisbury during the reign.of the Boy Bishop (on Holy Innocents’ Day) the choristers and the canons actually changed places in the choirs. Canon Fletcher describes the existing services and sermons of of the Boy Bishop, and the customs connected with the observance in various Churches, and gives the names of twenty-one holders of the office at Salisbury between 1338 and 1473. The custom was abolished in England by Royal Proclamation in 1541. It existed in France until 1721, and exists still at the College of the Propaganda at Rome. It does not appear whether the existing institution of the “ Bishops Boy” amongst the choristers, a custom peculiar to Salisbury, has any connection with the Boy Bishop. He is formally admitted to his office by the Bishop, and his duty is to ascertain before each service in the Cathedral whether the Bishop will be present, and if so to walk before him in procession. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. oll Rebuilding Stonehenge, Britain’s most Ancient Temple, By Harold Shepstone, F.R.G.S. Short article in Home Words, March, 1921, pp. 32, 33. Three illusts.: A Human Sacrifice at Stonehenge” ; “Jacking one of the Leaning Stones”; “ Lintel Stone bs ready to be lifted by the crane.” The author speaks in a most mis- leading way of “re-building ”’ and “ restoring the monument to some- thing of its former grandeur,” makes the curious statement that it “covers over 20 acres,” describes the work of jacking up the stones with only moderate accuracy and regards the presence of cremated interments in the “* Aubrey holes” as being a proof of the practice of human sacrifice. Tisbury. (Past and Present). With Maps. By Mrs. E. Miles. Second edition. Printed by Bennett Bros., Salisbury [1920]. 8vo. Boards. pp. 95. 3s. net. Sketch folding maps of Tisbury in 1867 and 1917. The value of this book lies in its record of the institutions which have come into existence and the changes which have taken place in the last 100 years. The ancient history of the place is indeed touched on but as the author says in the preface she is largely indebted to ‘‘ Memorials of Old Wiltshire” for the sections on Place Farm, Wardour Castle, &c. Her strength lies in the careful details and dates which she gives of the various schools, chapels, Churches, and other buildings, which have arisen in the later 19th and 20th centuries. ‘These modern happenings are generally ignored by topographical writers, or if mentioned at all are not thought worth treating in detail. Mrs. Miles on the contrary rightly spends her care on these matters, with the result that her little book will become a mine of reference which will continually increase in value with the passage of the years. To-day many of her details are probably commonly remembered in Tisbury ; 50 years hence on the contrary hardly any of them will be known, and then “Tisbury, Past and Present ” will come into its own. Thirteen pages are devoted to the “ Great War,” its effects on ‘Tisbury, and the war work of all sorts that sprung up there, as in every other town and village, are all carefully described. ‘The book concludes with 24 pages of ‘‘ Personal Remi- niscences ” including an account of various members of the Osmund family, to which the author belongs, from 1753 downwards. | Peeps into the Past. Supplementary Notes on _ ‘“S$avernake in the Vale.” By W. Maurice Adams, Printed in the Marlborough Times, 1920, in 13 sections as a supple- ment to a similar series which appeared some years ago. The author begins with a popular account of Paleolithic and Neolithic man. He then describes the opening of a Round Barrow ‘“on the eastern side of Fairmile Downs, in a field forming part of the farm formerly in the occupation of Mr. Hawkins, of Wexcombe,” in the early sixties, by A. G. Stallard, son of Rev. Geo. Stallard, Vicar of Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. East Grafton. A Roman coin was found near the surface, beyond this only “‘a little blackened earth having the appearance of being impreg- nated with ashes,probably human, and a few pieces of broken pottery ” were found. The pieces of broken pottery were subsequently buried at the foot of a tree on the Vicarage lawn at E. Grafton. He then describes the course of the Roman Road through Chute, Tidcombe, Marten, and Crofton, as a text for a talk on Roman Roads generally. Wansdyke and its post-Roman origin gives opportunity for a chapter on the Saxon conquest. Ina chapter on the Battle of Bedwyn, A.D. 675, he quotes a letter from Mr. B. H. Cunnington in which he says. “T opened a grave or rather a series of graves, five or seven in num- ber, for Lord Frederick Bruce, some years ago close to the pumping station. The skeletons were in graves radiating from a common centre like the spokes of awheel . . . Iam sorry I did not make suitable notes at the time, and am only writing from memory.” Mr. Adams also mentions “‘ large quantities of bones ” disinterred by the workmen in the chalk pit. In his previous articles Mr. Adams had suggested that the Battle of Merton, between Ethelred and the Danes, A.D. 871, the site of which has been placed in various parts of England, was really fought at Marten. He notes that this suggestion has since been accepted by Mr. Hodgkin and other writers. The small gold ring found in the Roman Villa at Bedwyn Brails, engraved with an irregular cross, possibly Christian, is the peg on which hang chapters on the early history of Christianity in Britain, the Diocese of Ramsbury, and the Pre-Reformation Church generally. Reference is made to a drawing of the ancient chapel at Shalborne | (in possession in 1905 of Miss Barnes of that place), the materials of which were used in the construction of Hast Grafton Church in 1842— 3, and to the Chapel of St. Nicholas which stood in “Chapel Meadow” adjoining the Manor House of East Grafton, the foundations of which — | were removed in 1844. ' There is a chapter on “‘ The Court,” East Grafton, and its grounds, ~ called “The Culvery.” The building is now cut up into separate tene- — ments but apparently dates, says Mr. Adams, from the 15th century, ~ and in living memory parts of it were called the ‘“ Laundry” and the ~ “Dairy.” It belonged to a family named Jackman at the end of the 18th and was bought by the Earl of Ailesbury early in the 19th century. [A small volume in which these articles have been mounted has been presented to the Society’s Museum by the writer] A. Schomberg. “A Roll of Arms, 1788.” The Genealogist, N Se Xxxvii.,, July, 1920, 5 pp. ‘‘ Family of Paradise,” by Arthur Schomberg. The Genealogist, | N.S., vol. xxxvii., Oct., 1920, and Jan., 1921; pp. 8. Abstractsare | given of the wills of John Paradise of Seend, Gent., 1684; Ambrose P. || of Seend, Gent., 1726; Thomas P. of “Devyse Grene in parish of Cannyngs,” 1564; John P. of Bromham, 1603; Frances P., 1603; — Anthony P. of Potterne, 1603; Robert P. of Bromham, 1609; Thomas” Wiltshire books, Pamphlets, and Articles. - 313 P. of Bromham, 1611; Thomas P. of Bromham, 1622; Will. P. of Bromham, 1637; Avice P. of Wilton, 1638; Alice P., 1648; Richard P. of Stert, 1688; James P. of Slaughterford, 1692; John P. of Stockton, 1698; John P. of Slaughterford, 1699; Francis P. Senr. of Devizes Gent, 1704; Will. P. of Devizes, 1704; Frances P. of Devizes, 1706 ; Robert P. of Bromham, 1708; Will P., 1713; Roger P. of Devizes, 1717; Hen. P., Senr., of Devizes, 1726; John P. of Week, in Bps. Cannings, 1728; John P. of Bromham, 1730 ; Thomas P. of Devizes, 1731; Hester P. of Potterne, 1733. Roundway. A series of notes on the parish by Edward Coward appears in the Parish Magazine. The January and February, 1921, instal- ments are reprinted in Wiltshire Gazette, Feb. 24th, 1921. Mr. Coward describes the views from Roundway Down and then gives notes on the history of the parish. As to the derivation, the old spelling is Ryndweye, from which he suggests the derivation Ryne-way, z.e., the way by the stream, on the ground that the original hamlet clustered ‘in what is still called ““The Dell,” near the outbreak of the spring. The Nicholas family owned Roundway for 500 years. The site of ‘Nicholas Place,” their residence, Mr. Coward places in ‘‘ Play Close,”’ where marks of enclosures, &c., still exist. New Park originally be- longed to the Castle of Devizes, but came into the possession of the Nicholas family, who built a new residence there on the site of the present house. In the middle of the 18th century the property was sold to Mr. Willey, from whom it descended by marriage to the Suttons and the Estcourts. In 1840 it was sold to Mr. Holford, who in 1841, sold it to Mr. Colston, who re-named it ‘“‘ Roundway Park.” Mr. Coward suggests that Roundway was a more important place in the 14th century than it is now, and mentions a tradition that it had its own Church and Rector. He has lately come across a mention in a charter temp. Ed. II. of the lands and tenements of Robert de Shyrewode parson of the Church of Almere in Ryndeweye,” and he asks for an explanation of “ Almere.” About 50 yards to the east of the suggested site of Nicholas Place the foundations of what he believes to have been the Church were found a few yearsago. A meadow close by is still called the Parsonage, and in the beginning of the 19th century there was a cottage called “The Vicarage,” or “ Abdy’s Cottage,” and under the hilla piece of arable called “ clonal: furlong” in the 14th century still bears that name. There isa “ Folly” at ous but why : SO called Mr. Coward does not know. . On a New Chelonian from the Kimmeridge Clay of Swindon. By Charles W. Andrews, DSc, F.RS. (British Museum, Natural History.) ZVhe Annals and Magazine of Natural History (ninth serves) No. 88. February, 1921.” 8vo., pp. 145—153 ; 3 illusts. in text. “The Chelonian remains which are the subject of the present notice were collected by Mr. A. D. Passmore in 1905. They were found ata depth of 12—14 feet in blue Kimmeridge clay near the south-east VOL. XLI.—NO, CXXXIV. Y 314 Wiltshira Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. corner of the Recreation Ground, Swindon, and close to the spot from which the skeleton of Omosaurus armatus was obtained some years before ; remains of Ichthyosaurus and Steneosaurus were also found in the immediate neghbourhood. The carapace and plastron, which are both well-preserved, were lying in natural association, and from the included and surrounding matrix a number of bones of the skeleton were collected, adding greatly to the value of the specimen, which, in fact, appears to be by far the most complete Chelonian ever obtained from this horizon in England, although very numerous and complete specimens have been described by Riitimeyer and others from contemporary deposits in France, Germany, and Switzerland.” The carapace and plastron are both figured and minutely described at considerable length, as are also the other bones of the skeleton. “A certain number of limb bones, vertebrae, and fragments of skull were found associated with the shell. The skull fragments are too imperfect for description. Of the fore limb and shoulder girdle there are present the imperfect right and left scapule and coracoids, together with a left humerus wanting the middle of the shaft. One ilium is preserved. . . . An imperfect pubis was found, it is much crushed and the median process is broken off.°. . . Twoor three imperfect cervical vertebree are preserved.” ‘‘ There seems no doubt that the turtle above described should be referred to the group Amphichelydia, as defined by Lydekker and Baur. . . . In its general form this specimen is very similar to the turtle described and figured by Riitimeyer as plesiochelys juccardt, but in details of structure there are considerable differences. . . . As to its generic reference, there is considerable difficulty. . . . It seems impossible to refer it to the genus pleszochelys, although in its general structure it seems closely allied. It will probably be best to refer it to a new genus—Tholemys—its specific name being Tholemys passmorei, in honour of Mr. A.D. Passmore, the discoverer of this valuable specimen.” Mr. Passmore is to be congratulated on the fact that this very remarkable Wiltshire fossil has received the attention which it deserves, and that his own name has been linked with it, as some recognition of the care he has bestowed on the collection and preservation of the Saurian and other remains of Swindon. Mr. Passmore has placed the specimen on loan at the British Museum (Nat. History). Salisbury. Wyndham Park. An interesting article in Salis- bury Times, Jan. 28th, 1921, gives the history of Wyndham House, and the surrounding park, of which a large portion was sold about 1875. The first houses of the many streets which now preserve in their names the remembrance of the Park, Wyndham Road, Wyndham Terrace, Park, &c., bear the date 1876. Some Old Houses of Devizes. By Ed. Kite. No. 7. The “Hazelands,” No. 39, New Park Street. Waltshere Gazette, Dec. 30th, 1920. From the end of the 16th century to the end Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 315 of the 18th century a town house of the Nicholas family, who held Roundway under the Bishop of Salisbury, as of their manor of Bishops Cannings for at least 13 successive generations. John, s. of Robert Nicholas of Roundway (b. 1559), lived in Devizes, whilst his younger brother, Griffin (d. 1635), lived at Roundway. John’s son Robert (bap- tised 1595), Bencher of the Middle Temple, Town Clerk and Recorder of Devizes 1639, and M.P. 1640, was one of the prosecuting counsel at the trial of Archbishop Laud. He became Sergeant at Law 1648, was appointed one of the assistant judges, but did not act as such, for the trial of Charles I., and in 1649 became a justice of the Upper Bench, He was at Salisbury on circuit during the Penruddocke rising in 1655. After the restoration he appears as “ Robert Nicholas, Esq.” He moved from Devizes to Seend Row and died there Dec., 1667. Mr. Kite traces his descendants to Robert Nicholas (b. 1758, d. 1826), M.P. for Cricklade, who settled at Ashton Keynes, the home of his grand- mother, Bridget Richmond, having sold his Devizes property in 1780 ~ to John Anstie, clothier. J.ater on it became the residence of the Hazeland family, who gave the house its present name. It is now the property of Mr. S. H. Ward. No. 8. No. 12, St. John Street. Waltshire Gazette, Feb. 24th, 1921. This was one of four houses conveyed by Richard Cardmaker, cir. 1387—90, to the Mayor and Burgesses for the maintenance of a Chaplain to celebrate at the altar of St. Leonard in the Ch. of St. John Baptist for the soul of the founder. The present half-timbered portion fronting St. John’s Alley is probably of late 15th or early 16th century date. In 1546 it bore the sign of ‘The Hart,” and was occupied by John Johnson. The chaplain of Rich. Cardmaker’s foundation at this date was Thomas Hancock, his income being £6 3s. 4d. a year. At the Reformation the property was forfeited to the Crown, but the Mayor and Burgesses purchased the freehold in the 18th century. In 1599 at the Michaelmas Sessions at Devizes nine innkeepers applied for licenses, one being Richard Maundrell, landlord of “The Hart.” He was Mayor three times. His daughter, Elizabeth, married Nicholas Strangridge, Rector of Devizes, and afterwards Vicar of Potterne. Robert Maundrell and his wife, Edith, of the same family,were tenants of the Manor of Rowde from Q. Catherine Parr, and their son John, of Bulkington, husbandman, was one of the Marian martyrs, having been burnt at the stake in 1556 at Salisbury. In 1741 ‘‘ The Hart” had become “ The Boot,” and was leased to Richard Fennell. By 1836 it had become “The Wheatsheaf,” and was occupied by Will. Dowding. Ramsbury Manor a seat of Sir Francis Burdett, Bt. Two excellent articles in Country Life, Oct. 2nd and 9th, 1920, pp. 432—439, 468—477, by H. Avray Tipping, admirably illustrated with views of “Centre of the Kast Elevation,” ‘‘ East, or Entrance, and the North Elevations,” “Centre of the North Elevation,” ‘ West Eleva- tion,” “South Side and the Orangery,” “ The Stable Building,” “ Across the Park to the Stables,” ““ West Side seen across the Lake,” ‘Charles ¥ou2 316 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, II. Gate Posts and George III. Lodges,” “One of the Gate Posts,” “ East or Entrance Doorway.” “ Bird’s-eye View from the South, taken from an Aeroplane,” “ North and East Sides of the Saloon,” “In the Saloon,” “In the Dining Room,” “South Wall of the Saloon,” “The Hall,” “North Wall of the Hall,” “Dining Room Sideboard,” ‘‘ Detail of the Chinese Paper,” ‘‘ Inner Chinese Room,” “ Outer Chinese Room,” “State Bedroom,” ‘South Staircase,’ “In the Peacock Bedroom,” ‘“‘Corner Fireplace in the South-West Room,” “In the Boudoir.” “ Ramsbury is one of the best and least altered of our Charles IT. houses.” ‘The great manor appears to have been almost the only source of emolument for both Bishop and Cathedral establishment. from the days of (Bishop) Athelstan, who died in 918, until 1058, when Ramsbury was united to Sherborne.’ Bishops Wyvil and Ralph Erghum had license to crenellate their mansion at Ramsbury in 1336 and 1377. Bishop Salcot ‘“ exchanged” Ramsbury with Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset and Lord Protector, 1551. On the latter’s execution it passed to Will. Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, 1552. In 1572 he proposed to entertain Q. Elizabeth in his house at Ramsbury, which must therefore have been a large one, but Mr. Tipping says, certainly did not stand on the site of the present house. In 1644 Richard Symonds notes that it is “a faire square stone house, a brave seat, though not comparable to Wilton.” Philip, 7th Karl of Pembroke, sold the estate in 1676 for £30,155, to ‘“‘ Powle, Whitley and Crabford,”” who re-conveyed it in 1681 to Sir Will. Jones, who was Attorney General in 1675. Mr. Doran Webb assigned the present house to the early part of Charles Ist’s reign, and to John Webb as architect, to whom it is also assigned in Neal’s “Seats.” But Mr. Tipping, on the ground that the rain water heads bear the date 1683 and the initials of Richard Jones, s. of Sir William, and that the style agrees with this date, assigns it to Sir William Jones, who died in 1682, aged 51, when the house was probably nearing completion. The stables and the gate posts are of the date of the house, but the lodges and the orangery were added in 1775. Richard Jones, Sir William’s only son, died in 1685, aged 16, and was succeeded by his uncle Samuel, who died 1686. By the death of his great grandson at the age of 22 in 1766 the property passed to his sister, Elizabeth,’wife of William Langham, of Cottesbroke, Northants, who took his wife’s name of Jones and became Sir Will. Langham Jones in 1774. It was he who built the orangery in 1775, setting on it the initials “ W. J.” and the bridge over the lake, added the Adam mantelpieces, and largely refurnished the house, with the fine Chippendale mirrors, &c., that still remain there. He died 1791, leaving no children. His wife’s younger sister, Eleanor, married Francis Burdett, s. of Sir Robert, 4th baronet, in 1766. Their eldest son, Francis, born 1770, the Radical politician, married Sophia, d. of Thomas Coutts, the banker. His son, Robert, died a bachelor in 1880, when the title and estates passed to the son of Sir Francis’s younger brother, whose son, Sir Francis, 8th baronet, is the present owner. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 317 By Authority. Soldiers Died in the Great War 1914—19. Part 58. The Duke of Edinburgh's (Wiltshire Regiment). London, H.M. Stationery Office. 1921. Paper covers. 103in. X 74in., pp. 59. Price 2s. 6d. This official list gives the full Christian and surname, number, place of birth, enlistment, residence, rank, date and cause of death, and place of service, of rather over 4,800 men of the Wiltshire Kegiment who died or fell in action during the war. A considerable number of course were not Wiltshiremen, though the majority appear to have belonged to the county as well as to the Regiment. Report of the Marlborough College Nat. Hist. Soc. Christmas, 1920. No. 69. The report is smaller in size than in pre-war days. The ornitho- | . logical section records several interesting birds observed during the | year 1920. Siskin, Willow Titmouse, Marsh Warbler, Black Red- start (7), Curlew, Whimbrel, and (Juail. The botanical list records | five species new to the district. The total number of plants recorded during the year was 289. The entomological section records Limenitis | Stbylla (white admiral) from West Woods. It was a very bad year | for [epidoptera. Mr. E. Meyrick records a new British species, | Scoparia ulmella, as having occurred at Ramsbury. A long list of additions to species of Hemiptera recorded for Wiltshire by Mr. K. A. Butler is printed. Trowbridge Bell Lands. The legend of th -rigin of the charity is imaginatively told in Wiltshire Times, April 30th, 1921. Kennet and Avon Canal. Article giving particulars as to the history of the canal. Wiltshire Times, April 30th, 1921. On the site of the Battle of Ethandune. By E. A. Rawlence, F.S.A. The Antiquaries Journal, Vol. I., No. 2. April, 1921. pp. 105—117, 2 maps. This paper is a detailed ‘‘ en- deavour to disprove the possibility of Kdington on the Polden Hills | being the scene of the battle, and to show that an overwhelming mass | of evidence favours Edington near Westbury.” Messrs. Whistler and Major, in “ Lhe Karly Wars of Wessex,” have set forth the most com- plete argument for the Somerset site, and it is to demolish this argument that Mr. Rawlence sets himself. He shows that the distances | of the Wiltshire sites from Athelney as given in that book are much | exaggerated. ‘The conspicuous landmark known as Stourton Tower, traditionally marks Alfred’s camping ground after he leftAthelney, and ! Henry Hoare about 1766 erected the tower to commemorate the event. The old trackway known as ‘The Hardway,’ a steep ascent from the west passing close to the tower, is stil! known as ‘ Kingsettle Hill,’ whilst the wood immediately to the north is called ‘King’s Wood.’ The Hardway, one of our oldest British trackways running east and 318 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. west, after passing through Selwood Forest, crosses the Mere Downs. and thence goes through Chicklade Bottom eastward. Until theadvent of the railway this trackway was the great thoroughfare by which fat stock from the Somerset grazing lands went to the ILondon and eastern markets. Graziers brought their cattle over this trackway to the old inn which formerly existed at Chicklade Bottom, where they met the up-country dealers, who took the beasts over and drove them to their various destinations. My father could remember these transactions.” Sir R. C. Hoare says ‘The cause of this spot being selected for such a memorial arose from the name of this hill being ‘ Kingsettle’ and therefore supposed to be the spot where Alfred, after quitting his solitary retirement in Athelney, first met his adherents.” Mr. Rawlence goes on “‘ I now venture on a bold suggestion that Alfred’s next move was not to the ‘ Petra Ecbricti’ but to another entrenched camp about 2 miles north of the town of Shaftesbury to which the same place- name (Kingsettle) and traditions attach” ; and that thence he marched due north by Knoyle, Pertwood, and the Deverills to Westbury. Brixton Deverell, and Westbury Leigh, or Penleigh close by, Mr. -Rawlence accepts as the sites of “ Ecgbright’s Stone” and “ Aecglea ” or ‘‘Iglea.” Guthrum’s Camp before the battle he places at ‘“* Danesley ” in Luccombe Bottom, E. of Bratton Camp, where he supposes that the Danes were surprised by Alfred. A reply to Mr. Rawlence’s paper on the Battle of — Ethandune by Albany F. Major,O.B.E. The Antiquaries Journal, Vol. I., No. 2, April, 1921. pp. 118—121. Im this counter- blast Mr. Major acknowledges the errors in distance as given in “ Karly Wars in Wessex” but is satisfied to rely on the fact that the agreed distance of 40 miles between Athelney and the Wiltshire sites — make it impossible for Alfred to have waged war with the Danes zn - Wiltshire ‘“‘untiringly” from Athelney. He also naturally doesn’t think much of other points in Mr. Rawlence’s argument, and the result will doubtless be that to the end of time Somerset men will go on believing in the Polden Edington, and Wiltshire men will with equal vehemence pin their faith to Edington by Westbury as the site of the Battle of Ethandune—for in the nature of things no new evidence on either side is ever likely to be discovered. Stonehenge. An article in the Star, reprinted in Wiltshire Gazette, Feb. 17th, 1921, on the miscellaneous objects found during the recent excavations is irreverently but not unfairly funny in the deductions it draws from the bottle of old port, the Iee-Enfield cartridge case, &c., &c., and the theories as to the purpose of Stonehenge which it founds thereon. Moreover it is written by somebody who is not wholly ignorant of the matter. The Parish Church, Bradford-on-Avon, Wilts, with a short account of the Saxon Church. By the Rev. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. o19 A. T. Richardson, M.A., M.B.E. Printed and published by Wm. Dotesio, The Library Press, Bradford-on-Avon, 1920. Pamphlet, cr. 8vo., pp. 24. Price 6d. A handy little booklet with a photo of the Parish Church from the river on the cover, and illusts. of the Saxon Church, the interior of the Parish Church, and a plan of the latter. The architectural history of the Parish Church is given somewhat fully. As regards the difficult problem of the 15th century reredos now in the middle of the north wall of the north aisle, Mr. Richardson suggests that a Lady Chapel of the 13th century occupied what is now the east end of the north aisle. In 1420 Reginald Hall provided an endowment for a Chantry Priest to serve at the altar of St. Nicholas. This chapel Mr. Richardson supposes to have been the western part of the present north aisle, divided from the Lady Chapel by a cross wal] in which stood the altar and reredos at present in the north wall, and that subsequently in the latter half of the 15th - century the cross wall was taken down so as to throw the two chapels into one aisle, and the altar and reredos of St. Nicholas’ were placed in the north wall as near their original positions as possible so that the Chantry Priest might still officiate there. It is a curious point but is there any precedent for the supposition that an altar and reredos would thus be placed in a north wall facing south, whilst they continued in use? The account of the Church plate is not quite correct, the ‘“‘ undated ” chalices are of 1564 and 1634, to which latter one of the patens also belongs. Swindon Museum was formally opened November 27th, 1920. It stands at the corner of Regent Street and Victoria Road, and was originally a Roman Catholic Church. Mr. C. H. Gore is the first curator. Some account of the collections exhibited appears in the account of the opening, Weltshire Gazette, November 4th, 1920. Kelly's Directory of Hampshire, Wiltshire, and Dorsetshire. New edition, 1920. Price complete, £3. Wiltshire alone, 18s. B. H. Cunnington. Report of a lecture on “ Periods of Prehistoric Man in Wiltshire” to the Devizes Branch of the Workers Educational * Association. Waltshire Gazette, Nov. 4th, 1920. The Laying of the Foundation Stones of Salisbury Cathedral. The Monastery at Edington. Chip-: | penham during the Civil Wars. ‘Three short articles in j Wiltshire Times, Nov. 27th, 1920. : “Swift, Steele, and Addison,” by J. A. Strahan. Article in | Blackwoods Mag.,Oct., 1920, p.p. 493—510. (Addison, pp. 504—510.) | Discoveries at Amesbury. By Sir Lawrence Weaver, KBE. BS A. Vhe Antiquaries Journal, Vol. I., No. 2. April, 1921, pp. 125—130. 4 illusts. 320 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. This is an account of the Bronze Age interment 175 yds. N.E. of Ratfyn Barrow on the Ministry of Agriculture’s Farm Settlement at Amesbury, and simply repeats the reports of Mr. Percy Farrar and the Rev. G. H. Engleheart, an abstract of which was given in Walts Arch. Mag., xli., 190, Dec. 1920, with the addition of notes by Mr. Reginald Smith on the Stone Axe-Hammer which is to be placed on loan in Salisbury Museum. This he regards as of the earliest Bronze Age. It is slightly dished on the top and both faces, and its depth and maxi- mum breadth are both 14 inches. Of the pottery fragments, one with © a bevelled lip seems to belong to an exceptionally large ‘“‘ Drinking Cup” or ‘‘ Beaker” ; the other fragments are not of vessels of this type but may be of cinerary urns.. This, the earliest type of Stone Axe- Hammer in Britain, Mr. Smith suggests was an imitation in stone of the Copper Axe-Hammers made in Hungary perhaps 1000 years before copper or bronze appeared in Britain, of which one has been found in Norway. ‘There is no proof, he says, that such Stone Axe-Hammers were made in our Neolithic period. Pek its Abbey, its Church, and its Saint. Notes compiled by Ethel J. Windley. The Faith Press, Leighton Buzzard, London, &c. 3rd Impression, 1917. Pamphlet, cr. 8vo, pp. 31. Price 6d. Good photos of Church from S.E. and N.E., Font (old), Norman pillars (of doorway outside W. end of Ch.), Jesus Chapel (interior), Guinevere window (exterior), Abbess’s seat, piscina, chancel screen, interior of Church from W.-end, remains of fresco of S. Melor ? | Beginning with a slight sketch of the legendary story and the history of Amesbury and the Abbey, the greater part of the book is taken up with an excellent description of the Church, dwelling on all its points of architectural interest ; just such a description, indeed, as the visitor wants. She assumes without question that the Church is the Church of the Abbey, and that some 40 feet of the west end was destroyed at the suppression. She notes the fragment of a Saxon cross head with interlacing work ; the 12th century doorway outside the present west end of the nave, ~ which she regards as leading into the cloisters; the fragments of old glass in the 14th century window on the S. side of the chancel; the faint wall painting of St. Melor; the screen restored to the Church after an absence of sixty years, showing traces of the returned stalls, and of two small side altars against its western face; and the square Purbeck marble bowl of the 12th century font with its 14th century base, which was found broken to pieces and buried under the chancel floor. She mentions a tradition that an underground passage led up from the Abbey to the N. end of the transept and says that, during excavations for underpinning the walls, a blocked up doorway beneath the ground level was found at this point. In 1863 the present east window, Early English of Butterfield’s design, took the place of the good 15th century window existing before, | Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles, 321 and the three lancets at the end of the S. transept are also Butterfield’s, replacing 18th century work which was there before. A description of the bells, a poem on ‘‘ Ambresberia,” and an account of the Cornish boy saint, St. Melor, and the arrival of his relics at Amesbury, finish an excellent little guide book. Medizval Craftsmen. A Guide to the Architecture of Amesbury Church. By Llewellyn Williams, ARIBA [1920] Pamphlet, 74in. x 43in., pp. 15. The writer of this little book, an architect himself, uses Amesbury Church as the peg on which to hang a short and well written essay on the development of architecture in England, and its connection with the history of the country as a whole and the local history of Amesbury _in particular. Whilst he deals with the details of the building step by ‘step, he dovetails in a series of pictures of contemporary events such as the extraordinary outburst of Church building in the 13th century and the Black Death in the middle of the 14th. ‘To English medizval art this epidemic delivered a blow from which it never recovered. ‘The LondonSchool of Masons, which until then had been the most progressive in the kingdom, ceased to exist . . . when the Black Death had passed it was the Gloucester masons who took up the torch.” He seems to regard the “ball flower” ornament as especially a mark of West Country (Gloucester & Somerset) work. Of the Pre-Norman ‘Church he says:—Of this early Church no part remains except a foundation of a wall at the west end found below the ground in 1920, close to the old gate pier, and the base of a column buried in the thickness of the nave wall beside the north-west pier of the tower. It will be noticed that the plinth of this column is out of alignment with the existing building, as the axial line of the older Church was slightly more towards the north.” Throughout he assumes without question that the existing Church is the Church of the Abbey, an assumption, at will be remembered, most vigorously controverted by the late Mr. ‘Talbot in Wilts Notes and Queries, vols. III. and IV., and Walts Arch. Mag., xxxi., 8. The roof of the nave, he says, as it stands, contains much poor carving mixed with good, and he suggests that possibly it was made up of old work after the Dissolution. This is a most readable little booklet and an excellent guide to the Church. Cricklade. The Meeting Place of Augustine and the British Bishops. By J. Lee Osborn. New and enlarged edition. Cirencester, 1921. | Pamphlet, cr. 8vo, pp. 23. Lllusts. of “St. Augustine’s Oak formerly | in the Garden of St. Sampson’s Vicarage,” ‘St. Mary’s Church with Cross,” and “Interior,” ‘St. Sampson’s Church with old Market Cross,” and “Interior.” As may be supposed from the title, some considerable space is devoted to the story of Augustine and the British (322 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Bishops, and Gospel Oak as their meeting place, and though “absolute — certainty’’ is not claimed for Bishop Browne’s conjecture, “a high degree of probability” is. The arguments which to many seem conclusive against the claims made for ‘‘Gospel Oak” are not referred to, but whatever may be thought of those claims the author is at least to be thanked for reproducing a good photograph of the tree stump as it stood formerly in the garden of the Vicarage before the remains of it were removed to the Church. Saxon Cricklade and its mint, medizval Cricklade, the charter, manor, and charities are touched on, and then: the architecture of the two Churches is described, and it need not be ~ said, quite fully and well described. A very useful little booklet. Sir Richard Burbidge. Among the biographical sketches in ‘“‘ Modern Men of Mark,” by Mrs. Stuart Menzies. Herbert Jenkins.. — London. 1920. ‘‘ Our First and Last,” by Maurice Hewlett. Nineteenth Century, — Feb., 1921, pp. 294-300. On the character, the morals, and the value © of the Wiltshire Peasantry, a very true and appreciative article. Two supplements to the ‘‘Tercentary Handlist of — English Newspapers’”’ (compiled by T. G. Muddiman and © pubd. by The Times), by Mrs. Herbert Richardson in Notes and Queries, . No. 150, 12th Series, Feb. 26th, 1921, and No. (54, March 26, 1921. — The first is mainly from the point of view of Wiltshire Newspapers, ~ the second on wider lines. Sir Christopher Wren. “The Complete Building Accounts of the | City Churches (Parochial) designed by Sir Christopher Wren. By © Lawrence Weaver, F.S.A.” Archeologia, LXVI., pp. 1—60. One plate. [The Salisbury Avon at Woodford, &c.] “February Fill | Dyke, the record of a day’s Pike Fishing.” By “George Southcote” | (Major-Gen. Sir Geo. Aston, K.C.B.). Country Life, Feb. 12th, 1921, | pp. 197, 198. The English works of George Herbert, newly arranged and annotated and considered in re- lation to his Life. By George Herbert Palmer, Boston, Mass.: Houghton, Mifflin. London: Constable. 1920, 50s. net. ‘Three vols.; Vol. I. pp. xx. + 443; II. xiv. + 431; III. 485. “Fay Inchfawn ”’ (Mrs. Atkinson Ward, of Bradford-on- Avon). | An appreciation of her writings, by W. Grinton Berry in Sunday at Home, Jan. 1921, with portrait. ‘‘A Wiltshire Shepherd.” Art. by “A Passer by,” in Wiltshire | | Gazette, Dec. 30th, 1920. Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. 323 ‘‘“St. Martinsell, the background of England, by Wilfrid Ewart.” Country Life, March 6th, 1920, pp. 295, 296. An imaginative article on Martinsell (why “St. Martinsell”?), with “wolf platforms” and “ pit dwellings,” and so on. BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS. Major-Gen. Sir George Aston, K.C.B. (Woodford and Salisbury). “ Letters on Amphibious Wars. London. John Murray. 1911.” 8vo, pp. xv. + 372. Eight maps. ===s = “Sea, Land, and Air Strategy, a Gempatieon London. John Murray. 1914.” 8vo pp. xi. + 308. Four maps. 10s. 6d. == — “The Triangle of Terror in Belgium. London. John Murray, 1918.” Post 8vo, pp. xili. + 105. Qs. 6d. —_-|-—sWs ——-__ “‘ Jargon in the Great War.” Vineteenth Century, March, 1918, pp. 608— 610. | —_ — “Clausewitz and the Kaiser-battle, the Culminating Point.” Hvening Standard, April 3rd, 1918. ae “The Saving of France in 1914.” Cornhill Mag., April: and May, 1918. May, pp. 574—587. ‘Three plans. — —— “Violence and Cunning, the Lesson of Brest and Bucharest.” Nineteenth Century, June, 1918, pp. 1125—1136. ——- —— #£“For all Prisoners and Captives.” Cornhill Mag., Oct. 1918, pp. 337—352. —- — ‘the Fourth Dimension in the War.” Nineteenth Cen- tury, Nov., 1918, pp. 814—824. “War Lessons New and Old. London. John Murray. 1919. 8vo, pp. vill. + | + 272. ‘Ten illusts. and maps. ““Memories of a Marine, an Amphibiography. London. John Murray. 1919.” 8vo, pp.10 + 302. Nineillustrations. 12s. 6d. net. (A large portion of these memoirs appeared serially in Cornhill Mag. during 1919). Reviewed Times Litt Supp., Nov., 18th, 1919 ; Spectator, April 3rd, 1920. “The Battle for Man-Soul” (March to July, i918). Nine- teenth Century, Feb., 1919, pp. 328—840. ‘I'wo plans. a — “The Admiralty in the Eighties.” Cornhill Mag, July, 1919, pp. 97—112. Ss —— ‘Enterprise and the Red Ensign.” Jbéd, 153—163. — was “* Military,’ and ‘ Militarist.’” Meneteeth Century, Oct., 1919, p. 6381— 639. ———= 324 Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. -Major-Gen. Sir George Aston, K.C.B. (Woodford and ~ Salisbury). “Propaganda and the Father of it.” Cornhill Mag., Feb., — 1920, pp. 233—241. ; “How the Next War will be Fought.” Nineteenth ~ Century, March, 1920, pp. 424—438. “Man Power in the next War.” Nineteenth Century. © ee ee ee April, 1920. mae — “The Morality of Sea Power.” fortnightly Review, — May, 1920, pp. 802—807. | “The May Flyisup.” By George Southcote, the authority — on Dry Fly Fishing. Dady Sketch, May 26th, 1920. ‘Jutland and Mons (a Comparison).” Cornhill Mag., Tune, 1920, pp. 666—673. | : es —— “Bolshevik Propaganda in the East.” JWortnightly Rev. Aug., 1920. George Wyndham. “ Essays in Romantic Literature. By George — Wyndham. Edited with an introduction by Charles Whibley. Mac- 7 millan, London, 1919. ey 12s. net. 8vo. Contains prefaces to Ronsard, Shakspeare, North’s Plutarch, Rectorial Address at Edinburgh on the Springs of Romance, ~ —— ——ee Charles D’ Orleans and Villon (‘‘‘The Poetry of the Prison”), Eliza- 7 bethan Adventurers, Speech in honour of Sir Walter Scott. :A series of 7 essays written on various occasions in the course of nearly 20 years. | This book is the subject of a long leading article of four columins in | Times Lit, Suppt., Feb. 13th, 1919. Reviewed Country Life, Feb. 8th, Spectator, Feb. 22nd, 1919. © » | Mary Arnold-Foster (Mrs. H. O. Arnold-Foster, of Basset” | ~Down). “Studies in Dreams with a Foreword by Dr. Morton Prince.” 7 London, George Allen & Unwin [1920]. 8vo. pp. 188. : De Candole, Alec. “The Faith of a Subaltern: Essays on Religion 4) and Life. By Alec de Candole, Lieutenant in the Wiltshire Regiment, © | killed in action September, 1918. With a preface by the Very Rev. the | Dean of Bristol.’ 1919. ze q | Cr. 8vo., pp. xii + 92, with a portrait. 2s. 6d. net. The author was | at Marlborough College. a Lady Clifford (Mrs. Henry de la Pasture). “OurDays — on the Gold Coast, in Ashanti, in the Northern Territories, and the | British Sphere of Occupation in Togoland. Edited by Lady Clifford, | C.B.E. Originally produced in aid of the Red Cross, 1918. London: | John Murray, 1919.” Boards, 8in. X 53in. pp. 314. 38 illusts. Maurice Hewlett. “The English Hesiod.” Article on Tussers | “Five Hundred points of good Husbandry.” Cornhill Mag., Dec., | 1919. pp. 121 —128. — — “The Outlaw.” Constable. 6s. net. Reviewed Times | Intt. Suppt., Nov. 13th, 1919. | Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. 325. ‘Maurice Hewlett. “Flowers in the Grass.” Constable. 1920, 5s. net. A collection of poems, of which several, ‘ Lenches” (Lynchetts) ; ‘‘ The Spire” (Salisbury); and “ Chesilbury ” are local. Reviewed Times Litt. Suppt., April 15th, 1920. “The Light Heart.” Chapman & Hall. 1920. 6s. net. (The Saga of Thormod). Reviewed Zimes Litt. Suppt., April 22nd, — 1920. = — “In a Green Shade.” (A Country Commentary.) Bell. 1920. 6s. net. — = “Clare’s Derivations.” Cornhill Mag. March, 1921. pp. 274—281. Sir Henry Newbolt (of Netherhampton). ‘Submarine and Anti- | Submarine.’”” With a coloured frontispiece and 20 full page illustra- tions by Norman Wilkinson, R.I. London: Longmans, 1918. Cr. 8vo. 7s. 6d. net. : —=+ Ss ——— “Poems, New and Old.” Complete edition of poems published, 1897 to 1919. 1919. ‘7s. 6d. net. ‘* A Naval History of the War, 1914—1918.” Hodder & Stoughton [1920]. 15s. net. Noticed Zimes, Nov. 6th, 1920. * A New Study of English Poetry.” 10s. 6d. net. cae John Ayscough (Monsignor Bickerstaffe Drew, Winterbourne Gunner). “ Abbotscourt.” Chatto & Windus, 1919. 7s. net. A. | Novel. Noticed Zimes Lit. Suppt., Nov. 6th, 1919. —_ «~—_-~ “First =Impressions in America.” John Long. 1919. : (Illustrated account of a lecturing tour). —_— — £“The Foundress.” John Long. 1919. A Novel. | — “A Prince in Petto.” Chatto & Windus. 1919. 7s. net. | Reviewed Guardian, May 8th, 1919. = — ‘“*Gracechurch.” Longmans & Co. 1919. Cr.8vo. 4th impression. A, G. Bradley. “A Book of the Severn.” Methuen, 1920. Qin. x | 5gin. pp. vii. + 351. Long review in Zimes Lit. Suppt., April 1st,. 1920. 15s. net. — — “Essays and Studies by Members of the English Associa- tion.” Vol. VI. Collected by A.G. Bradley. Clarendon Press. 63. 6d. im net. Christianity,’ by John Calvin. An abbreviated edition of “The Institutes of the Christian Religion.” Newly translated from the . Latin into simple modern English by Joseph Pitts Wiles, M.A., some- time Foundation Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge.” Price: paper covers, 3s. 6d.; cloth covers, 4s.6d. Dolby Brothers, Stamford. [1920.] ) ES — Sermon at Metropolitan Tabernacle, Nov: 2nd, 1919. Printed in full in Welts Advertiser, Nov. 27th, 1919. i | ‘ l : : Rev. J. P. Wiles (Baptist Minister, Devizes). ‘Instruction in ! | ! 326 @=>—s Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wiltshire Authors, ¥F. Robinson (North Street, Wilton). “A Book of Poems containing The Battle of Mons, Grand Charge of the 9th Lancers, The Village Motor Trap,” &c, &c. Pamphlet, 6fin. X 33in. N.D. 21919. Price 6d. Rev. H. G. Woodford (Trowbridge). ‘Bread, Beauty, and — Brotherhood.” National Labour Press, 1920. Noticed Wiltshire Times, Nov. 13th, 1820. W. Maurice Adams. “ Noteson the History of Pirbright.” Series of 26 instalments in Parish Mag. 11920. Very Rev. William Page Roberts, D.D., Dean of Salisbury. Sermon preached in Cathedral, Sunday, Nov. 17th, 1918 (after the signing of the Armistice). Text, Ps. xx., 8,9. Printed © in Salisbury Dio. Gazette, Jan., 1919. pp. 2—4. Rev. J. P. Kingsland (formerly Pastor of Congregational Chapel, Devizes). ‘‘ Visions of God and other Sermons, by John P. Kingsland, — author of ‘The Man called Jesus,” and ‘“‘ Man and his Environment.” Skeffington & Co., Ltd., 34, Southampton Street, W.C. 2. 5s. net. — Noticed Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 2Uth, 1919. Rev. J. W.8S. Tomlin. Principal of St. Boniface College, War- minster. ‘‘ Work of Laymen in the Mission Field.” St. Boniface College, at Home and Abroad. Lent Term, 1920. pp. 2, 3. Canon C. T. Dimont (of Salisbury). Sermon preached at Salisbury | Cathedral, Oct. 5th, on the Railway Strike, printed in full in Salisbury Journal, Oct. 11th, 1919. Text, Jer. ix., 4 & 5. Frances E. Baker (of Salisbury). ‘“ Pastilles and their. Colour — Measurement,” by H. E. Donnithorne and F. E. Baker. Paper in | Archives of Radiology and Kiectrotherapy, No. 246. January, 1921. pp. 239—246. ; | Canon Douglas Macleane. “Oliver Cromwell’s Wild Oats.” | Nineteenth Century, Oct. 1919. pp. 688—696. “ Literary Form—Is it now possible?” Mdneteenth Cen-_ | tury, May 1920. pp. 826—836. | Mrs. Herbert Richardson (Wilton). “The Fashion Plates of | Horace Vernet.” The Connoisseur, Feb. 1921. pp. 97—102, 8 illusts. | H. Brakespear, F.S.A. “ On the Dorter Range at Worcester Priory.” il Read 17th Feb., 1916. Arch@ologia, Ixvii. pp. 189—204. 8 photo |} illustrations, 1 folding plate of sections, 1 folding coloured plan. Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wultshore Authors. 3827 Rt. Rev. Bishop Geo. Forrest Browne, D.D, DCL. L.L.D., F.S.A. “On Portions of a Temporale.” Read 3rd May, 1917. Archeologia, lxvili. pp. 127—160. 8 plates of MS., and 2 plates of cuts. — — ‘King Alfred’s Books.” With a map. 1920. 10in. X 6iin. pp. 422. Cloth boards. 3)s. net. Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. “Note ona Stone Mould from South Wales.” Jan, May, 1920. pp. 67, 68, with 2 illusts. The curious mould described, from Worms Head, is to find a home in Swansea Museum. Anstruther Mackay (s. of Col. James Mackay, of Seend and Trow- bridge). Art. on ‘Zionist Aspirations in Palestine,” in Adtlantzc Monthly, Nov. (2), 1920. John Watson Taylor. “The Value of Old Records. A Plea for their Preservation.” A paper read at the Congress of Archeological Societies, Nov. 1920. Printed in full in Wiltshere Gazette, Dec. 9th, 1920. Marquess of Lansdowne, K.G@. “A Canadian River. Black. | wood’s Mag., Nov., 1920. pp. 610—627. Marquis of Ailesbury, DSO. “The Soldier and the Land.” Article in Vhe Nineteenth Century, May, 1919. pp. 889—893. C. P. Hurst (Great Bedwyn). “Ilfracombe Mosses and Hepatics.” Journal of Botany, Vol. 57. April, 1919. pp. 94—97; May, 1919. pp. 119—124. Emma Marie Caillard. “Spiritual Healing and Mental Thera- peutics.” Leading article of two columns in The Guardian, Jan. 15th, — 1920. | z — ‘‘Man in the Light of Modern Psychology.” Azbbert Journal, July, 1920. Vol. xviii., No. 4. r. G. W. Henslow. “Verses to the Fallen ; Inscriptions for Ceno- _ taphs.” ‘The Success Publishing Co., Ltd., Plough Court, Fetter Lane, _ E.C.[1919]. Booklet. Price 1s. —_— a “Poems to Children.” The Chancery Lane Printing | Works, London, 1920. Paper covers, cr. 8vo., pp. 1 + 48 + 3. Price | Is. 6d. nett. ; am sssenes “Spring Songs.” Electrical Press, Ltd., 13—16, Fisher | Street. pp. 54. Price ls. 6d. Over 60 short poems. Hvery other | page isan illustration. Noticed Wilts Gazette, April 8th, 1920. — — #£“dHumorous Epitaphs.” Bridge & Co., 92, Chancery _ Lane. 120 epitaphs. Price 1s. Noticed Wilts Gazette, April 8th, 1920, | | | | T G. W. Henslow. ‘“ Poemsof Expression.” Illustrated by Miss D. Hartley, Chancery Lane Printing Works, Ltd., Plough Court, Fetter Lane, I.C. 1920. Price 1s. 6d. iat oem “Poems to Women.” Bridge & Co., 92, Chancery Lane, W.C. 1920. Price 1s. 6d. “Toasts.” Electrical Press, Ltd., Fisher Street. 1920-. 328 Books, Pamphlets, and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. 1 “ } —— Price 1s. Clive Bell (Seend). Preface to the Catalogue of the Exhibition of | the Works of Picasso at the Leicester Galleries, 1921. J. Lee Osborn. “How itisdone. A Patriotic Play. Heath Bros., Calne. 1919.” Pamphlet, small 8vo, pp. 22. Price 1s. — -_—— ““Caleb’s Conversion.” A play. Brig.-Gev. F. G. Stone, C.M.G. “The old unchanged German.” Article in Nineteenth Century, August, 1919, pp. 202—209 (on the © condition of things at Cologne during the British Occupation). — -——- “Man Powersin the next War.” Nineteenth Century April, 1920, pp. 638—650. —__-s-s« ——___ “Aeroplanes.” Nineteenth Century, July, 1920, pp. 144 — 154. “The Nation in Arms in the Great War.” Nineteenth ~ Century, Oct., 1920, pp. 679—698. Rev. A. H. T. Clarke (Rector of Devizes). “A Tariff for Sins.” Letter in The Guardian, Nov. 27th, 1919. ; — ee “The Church of the Future, Retrospective and Recon- © structive.” Nineteenth Century, Jan., 1920, pp. 133—149. _—— —— “The Church of the Future.” Jbid, January, 1921. pp. 121—134, Ven. E. J. Bodington (Archdeacon of Wilts). ‘“ Reconstruction — in the Church.” Visitation Charge delivered at Devizes and Marl- borough. Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, May 29th, 1919, Two cols. a —._— s@ ——_—sC« ‘‘Sermon preached at Melksham, on Sunday after the | funeral of Canon E. G. Wyld. Frintod in full in Wiltshire Gazette, |} Jan. 8th, 1920. oy] — — ““The Church’s Gue ‘Some of the reforms most — needed.” Charge delivered at visitations at Marlborough and Devizes. | Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, April 28th, 1920. ¥ —= ss —— Address at May Day United Service, Calne. Wiltshire Times, } May 7th, 1921. ee Philip and Fay Inchfawn ” (of Bradford-on- Aeay. & Fathel | Neptune’s Treasure.” “Father Neptune’s Diamond.” S. W. Partridge /f & Co., Ltd., 46, Grosvenor Gardens, S.W. Price 3s. 6d. each. Noticed | Wiltshire Gazette, April 8th, 1920. Children’s books. if ee — “The Golliwog News.” Child’s book. Additions to Musewm and Library. 329 “Fay Inchfawn’”’ (Mrs. Atkinson Ward, Bradford-on-Avon). “The Verse Book of a Homely Woman.” Religious Tract Soc. 1920. ; In two parts, “Indoors” and “Out of Doors.” Forty-four poems. | 3s. Noticed, Wiltshire Gazette, Dec. 30th, 1920. Lady Glenconner. ‘The Earthen Vessel. A volume dealing with Spirit Communications received in the form of Book Tests by Pamela Glenconner. Lane. 1921.” 6s. net. Communications in books from Edward Wyndham Tennant through Mrs. Leonard speaking as “ Feda,” her “control.” Long review, Spectator, March Sth, 1921, pp. 300, 301. Ven. H. W. Carpenter, Archdeacon of Sarum. Visitation Charge. Printed in full. Salesbury Journal, May 24th, 1919. Margaret Keith Dowding. “Pictures in the Fire, and other Soldier Ballads.” Printed by J. C. Bryson, East Finchley, 1919. Pamphlet, 8vo., pp. 12. 10 poems. ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Museum. Presented by Mr. J. E. Warts; Old pewter mustard and pepper pots. a » Miss Hampton (Devizes): Copper plate for printing turn- pike toll tickets, Devizes. ze » Rev. H. G. O. Kenpatu: Fine triangular flint arrowhead, Avebury Down. es » Mr. O. G. S. Crawrorp: Fragments of tiles from mound on border of Oaksey parish near Flistridge Hill. ms » Mrs. WiLuimot: Pair of fine brass (gilded?) spurs, said co have been found near Netherstreet about sixty years ago. They belonged to Mrs. Starky, of Battle House. Bromham. Of the Civil War period ? Bequeathed by the late Mr. S. B. Dixon, of Pewsey: A collection of fine examples of Paleolithic flints from Knowle Farm Pit ; two extremely fine Neolithic celts, and other interesting stone implements from the Pewsey neighbourhood. To these were added by Mr. Dixon's representatives a case to contain the flints. Library. Presented by Mr. F. H. Gotpney: “The Tragi-Comedy of Reform” . (Devizes). Wiltshire Pamphlet. Various illustrations. VOL. XLI.—NO, CXXXIV. Z 330 Additions to Museum and Library. Presented by Tur Auruor, Rev. A. T. RicHarpson : “ The Parish Church 99 99 Bradford-on-Avon, with a short account of the Saxon Church.” 1920. Rey. E. Ruys Jonas: “A Guide to the Architecture of Amesbury Church, by Llewellyn Williams.” [1920]. “Amesbury, its Abbey, its Church, and its Saint,” by EK. J. Windley, 1917. Rev. E. H. Gopparp: ‘The Evolution of Culture, and other Essays, by the late Lt.-Gen. Pitt Rivers.” 1906. Mr. W. G. Coxuins : Note Book containing MS. Notes and many drawings of Roman Pottery, and Worked Flints from Westwood. Mr. J. Warson Tavnor: “A Catalogue of All Cannings Deeds in the possession of the Society.” Lapy Horr: Old Wilts Prints. Lorp Firzmaurice: “The Maps of Hertfordshire and Appendix, by Sir G. Fordham.” Mr. A. D. Passmore: “A New Chelonian (Tholemys passmorei) from the Kimmeridge Clay of Swindon. By C. W. Andrews. F.R.S.” (Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist., Feb., 1921). Photo of Sarsen Stone called “ The Templar’s Bath,” at Temple. Tue Autuor, Frances E. BAKER (of Salisbury) : “ Pastilles and their Colour Measurement.” Archives of Radiology, — Jan., 1921. ‘ ' Tue Autor, A. ScHomBerc: “ ‘A Rollof Arms, 1788,” and “ Family of Paradise.” Reprints from The Genealogist, 1920. Mr. J. J. Suape: “ Poems to Children,” by T. G. W. Hens- . low, 2s. 21 Wilts Estates Sale Particulars. THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE LATE Mr. S. B. Dixon: A | number of Books, Maps, and Pamphlets on Geology, &c. An oil painting of Stonehenge. Mr. E. H. Stone: ‘“ The purpose, age, and builders of Stonehenge,” by E. S. Maskelyne. Tue AutHor, Mr. W. Maurice ApAmMs: “ Peeps into the Past. Supplementary Notes on Savernake in the Vale.” ‘“* Notes on the History of Pirbright.” Rev. H. E. Ketrcuuey: 6 photographs of Biddeatone. : THe PosiisHers: ‘A Complete Guide to Wiltshire. By L. D’O. Walters. Sach & Co., 155, Victoria Street, S.W.”’ 1921. THe AuTHoR, Canon FietcuEerR: ‘The Boy Bishop at Salisbury and elsewhere.” 1921. Tue AutHor, Heywoop Sumner, F.S.A.: “A descriptive account of Roman Pottery Sites at Sloden and Black Heath Meadow, I.inwood, New Forest.” 1921. 301 Il ¢ 8res Il G 8res 66 O OLG "* 40099 IBAA UO 4891040T EO i” ae qsoieyuy yur “ 6 G 9 Sa ee sul 2 | -JooJY [enuuy Jo spssdvo1g “ 0 &t ie cr SATA UVAON JO soljinbyuy uvwoy pue ys, syymg* © Se 0 O16 AvIqny,,S,uosyoeryoeteg “ 0 6° Ff “-sa1Vq oUuIZesey [eloedg “ ce Ly os SOUIZRSRY ae = oie: JO e[¥g JOF poatooor se) OF, Gal 0G. = : a : UOISSTULWIOD & | es L él 2 o “-pung drysieq Rea Bee LEU et e1e1008 ee : Wa] ej] Woiy Jesuvdzy, puny SouvUozUIVIY Uinesnyy oJ uvoT oe we G 1G GV ————————— | 66 66 OL F GI “0mp ‘1098 AA ‘OOD ‘sey , ; het ‘6 ‘6 g Verh 06 ep ue yy, Oe ee ciel L oon 66 66 i : Sosuedx@ Wnesn jt Oe ai Aa & 6 A ee : 2 QO 21 v9 OcOk 2 iaks hens eI ‘ON Oo Wile = COs = g L — ome oN 9 OL ZZ6L JO} UOTIAIIOSqNE | ‘Oy come ene pound e a Ae mora a S00 : M Se —: ‘21a ‘ivak oyy SULINp g o e ss ogee ae c snag ne i WOdJJ poedtaoad -[908T IT Bue ‘esVlldieg ‘aseysog ae Sara eee eor ‘4S1E ‘99d Bk SuUIpnyoUr sjuoutked Aipuns ‘yseg Aq “4s1g ‘90q | Z 0 ve qunodde SRI WO] JYSNOIG souL[eq “4ST ‘URL P 5] SENGAWHSUNEASIG ‘0G61 7 legen bie a eee Gi ‘SLdldOda 061 “t90 ‘“LNNODNV ITVHEINAS | . “7a ‘OC6L Tea 9Y} JOJ syuNoovy NI AYOLSIH TWHOLVN -ALAIOOS 904 0 Gi SRIF 0 Gl SVIF (eee — 1-¢ 91 : eoureg “ Il 6 661 G & él re we GF Boe unesn yy 7% sosued xq : 9 2, Joyejorieg wWnesn jy a4 INT -aid eouvinsuy ,saeAo[duy Olena QOUBINSUT 911A CT ee xe puem pue Aynq esnox pegiqvyuy 6 ely —: sasuaduy hapuny OO aren preppoy) “A = eu god poseyoind syoog (yess Ges ees Ayoro0g eorydeis -OJUONTVg 0} UOTYdIJOsqne O T LT “ Aderqry of suoiyippe suidéy ‘lepuexeyy ‘Ssljq 6 LILI °° syooq ‘dioyy, sewoyy, 9 OL F SUIpulqyooq “T[emeplig “A\ OQ Gilet 52909 Sa99%9 deur “PIAA POO MA we) 9/8 36a. = SeATOYs O05 Si puny [e1ouey wo1j uvoT “ pue esvoyoog wae ebeae 6° hie oe pung eseqoing wos; Jofsuery, 3 DO AO aes DON OIE 07 uouppy . 0 9 a — oe ia aa ee Cr Oe es 6 9 ee MOYEN “M LV Sy PAG te Use ie on sonsofezey Jo e[eg “ OL 4 “ S10ATOC) “OY H Oxy elie os “* sexog UL Qe Uo = eS uydey A“ suOTJeUOC % uneSn]T 09 suOIssIUIpYy “ OO ie ee suod » [jJapuey “yq “ . 0) @) te suoljdisosqng “ “4sTe ‘0eq —: wnasnjpy 0290) ‘sunday Kq “4S1g ‘00q 68.8. -° qUNOOOY 4S¥] WOIJ COULTeY OF, “AST “ULE po Peg ‘SDNAWAVd ‘0661 ps ¢ ‘Sid THO ‘OG61 “ap ‘ENO SONVNGLNIVA WOasoWw ‘aq 330 ‘unpauoog [oIUDUrT erORTONE ic ‘SNTMdOH “WM T26r ‘Tdy y40¢ ‘NHMO CIAVG NAHTAVM “V ‘S “) ‘}001100 punoj pue poqpny G OL 6F G OL &6F O12 625 3 ae s gouvreg ‘f ‘4sTe ‘00q Cae , Be PlOs seqyvoytqIeD G 6 PFI puny SSUIABG IBAA QT UO ponsooe YsoloqUT “ “YIgT 900 QOUVUSJUIVIY UnesnyY 07 Jojsuviy, AG “YS 490 0-366. 2 JUNODDY 4SV] WOIF 9OUR[eG OF, “4sT ‘URL 1D Gr ‘O¢61 PSF OZ6I ce) ‘ENOG FSVHOUNd “Iq [Ole ep eee sourleg Aq ‘4S1¢g ‘00q LO 2G JUNODDV 4S¥] WOIJ 9oUVleg OF, “IST ‘ULL p S F ‘Oc6I 0 1 GF ee ‘OZ61 “ap ‘LNSHD JO NOWIS dZOHSIA JO USLSIDTY “tq G Ol 6LF G OL 6LF 0 OL Tg “ suordriosqng diystequiey oyry “ “4sT1¢ ‘oe Le Ole Phe yueg Sssulaeg Ul sure “ LE cist “““qsoleqzUy Yue souraveg “ “YIOZ AON 4 6LL “ YuNnodDY [e1eUey 03 YQuey ou0 AG ‘4sTE ‘0eq CeeCh-Ok ee qUNnOdOY 4S¥[ WOIJ oouRTeg OF, “4ST ‘Uer [OS 23 as) ‘OZ6I 1G) ‘O@61 7?) ‘GNOZ dIiHSdsaaWavW FAlt ‘tq VO VES VO SF OO ar. SUIOOY S,loyeqjorvsy joquey “ 4s1¢‘00q ee eG ape gee souvreg Aq ‘4SIg ‘00d P20 te ck JUNODOY 4Sv[ WOIj] souveg OJ, “gs, ‘uer [ees ‘OG6I eee Gr ‘0261 —— eee ‘GNNZ LNEWSAVAVINGA W —— NFsSnit ——— __ "a of = = 304 Clos os 6 Gl StF 6 GL cn none [Borsopoeyory qOsSIOWION ‘091 sis 0261 ‘as1@ ‘oq ‘yueg Ul souRleq 00 8 eINj}YSUT [wolsojowyory pue A\9100g aAvOTAB AA * “qa ‘asnoyqoH ‘A “HO 4g [worsofoeyory SHIM 70 sUT}90Ul qe suolyeuog a “-- Surggno ssviy eacreelt “pos syorydureg a as ar sitedoyy 0 0 9 ae a * SOO SIOPIST A ie ane 600 raxye4a1e9) gpl pees GIGL ‘ISIE Jequiesaq] ‘yur 4% soueled AYOLIGNAdXa Dis Sa ‘S.Ld dod ‘OZ6L “YSTE Jequieoeq suIpus Ive ‘NaVad FZHLIL NOAV NO Cdoidvad “tq C. H. Woodward, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes.” - THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued), STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most reliable account of Stonehenge and its Earthworks. WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F,R.S., A.D. 1659-1670. Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. EH. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates. Price £2 10s. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM. CHARLES I, 8vo, pp: vii. + 501. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 13s. DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN. III., ED. I., and ED. II. 8vo, pp. xv. 505. In parts as issued, Price 13s, DITTO. FROM THE REIGN OF ED. III. 8vo., pp. 402. In six parts as issued. Price 13s, A BIBLIOGRAPHY or tHe GREAT STONE MONUMENTS oF WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE ann AVEBURY, with other references, by W. Jerome Harrison, F.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No.89,Dec., 1901 of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &c., by 732 authors, THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. An important work in 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 927, containing a great number of deeds connected with property in many Wiltshire Parishes of the 14th and 15th centuries. Only 150 copies were printed, of which a few are left. Price to members, £1 10s., and to non- members, £2, SS SS EE FP. J. BROWN, 51, Kent Rad., Swindon, SET OF WILTS AKCH. MAGS., complete to 1916, £9 10s, Ditto, to 1909, £5 10s. Ditto, almost complete, to 1908, £5. Vol. I., 20s. Stukeley’s Abury, £2 2s. Pitt Rivers’ Excavations, four large vols, £5. Ditto, Vols. 3, 4, 27s. 6d. each. Hoare’s Ancient Wilts, Vol. 1 (South Wilts), large paper, rare, £5. Goldney’s Chippenham Records, 15s. Marsh’s Hist. of Calne, 8s. Nightingale, Church Plate of Wilts, 12s. 6d. Aubrey & Jackson, Wilts Collections, 32s. Kite’s Brasses, 18s. Britton’s Beauties of Wilts, three vols., 25s. Contemporary Biographies of Wilts and Dorset, Opening of XX. Century, fine copy, 25s. Somerset Arch. Soc., nine numbers, 10s. Many other Wilts Books and Prints. Enquiries solicited. ; BOOKBINDING. Books carefully Bound to pattern. Wilts Archeological Magazine bound to match previous volumes, We have several back numbers to make up sets. -C. H. WOODWARD, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. North Wilts Museum and ‘LIBRARY AT DEVIZES. In answer to the appeal made in 1905 annual. subscriptions . varying from £2 to 5s. to the,amount of about £30 a year for this — purpose have been, given , since then by about sixty Members: of. 7 the.'Society and. the fund thus set on foot -has enabled the Committee to add much to the efficiency’ of the Ley and ‘Museum. ., pit is-very desirable that this fund. should be rae to at least — £508 year, in order that the General Fund of the Society may | be released to a large extent from the cost of the Museum, and — - get‘free for the other purposes of the Society. _. Subseriptions, of 5s. a year, or upwards, are asked for, and | : eionld be sent either to Mr. D. Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, | or Ruv. E..H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, The Committée appeal to Members of the Society and others — _ to secure any | Objects of Antiquity, AND Specimens of unusual Birds, Butterflies, or Moths, found in the County of Wilts and to forward them to the Hon. Curator, Mr. B. H. Cunnineron, Devizes ; Whilst Old Deeds, Modern Pamphlets, Aritcles: q Portraits, Hlustrations from recent Magazines — or Papers bearing in any way on the County, — and Sale Particulars of Wiltshire Properties, will be most gratefully received for the Library by the Rv. 7 BK. H. Gopparp, Clyfte Vicarage, Swindon, Hon. Librarian. “The Sodiety has ‘in recent: years received several large consign- a ments. of old deeds and” papers, no longer of legal value, from Solicitors: who were clearing” out the aécouinlatgene of years in their offices. The Committee asks all Wiltshire Solicitors in like — circumstances to give the Society the opportunity of acquiring all deeds no longer needed rather than to sell. them elsewhere, or destroy them. C. He WOODWARD, MACHIWE PRINTER, DEVIZES. No. CXXXV. DECEMBER, 1921. Vou. XLI. Sel SHERE : Archzeological & Natural History MAGAZINE, PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SOCIETY FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, mes 1803). EDITED BY REV i 4 GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. [The authors of the papers printed in this ‘‘ Magazine’’ are alone responsible for all ; statements made therein. | DEVIZES : PRINTED AND SOLD For THE Society BY C. H. Woopwarp, Excuaner Buripines, Station Roan. pg Price 5s. 6d. Members, Gratis. NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols. Vill., XVi, xXiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are each indexed separately. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for the current year are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. Davip Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Annual Subseription to the Society is 10/6, with an entrance fee of 10/6. The Composition for Life Membership is £10 10s. The Numbers of this AZagazine will be delivered gratis as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip- tions but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- tary: the Rev. i. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS To be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A, One Volume, Atlas 4to, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s, One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s. 6d. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo» 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston,M.A. Price to the Public, 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or trot STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES in toe SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, — Part II. 1911. Fully illustrated. Price 2s, CATALOGUE or tae SOCIETY’S LIBRARY ar tout MUSEUM. Price 1s. APPENDIX No.1I., II., and III., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, IN THE SOCIETY’ ) LIBRARY at tHe MUSEUM. Price Is. 6d. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS 1n THE SOCIETY'S q COLLECTION. Price 6d. a BACK NUMBERS or toe MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. Pease Tr WEDS VRE Archeeological & Natural History MAGAAINE. No. CXXXV. DECEMBER, 1921. Vou. XLT. Contents. PAGE. Tae PLace-NAmMes or WILTSHIRE; By G. B. Grundy, D. Litt. 335—353 East WILTSHIRE PLANT-GALLS: By Cecil P. Hurst............... 354—364 Stone IMPLEMENTS OF UNCOMMON TYPE FOUND IN WILTSHIRE: Bypuneyivey,, Hl. Goddard «1.0... fe ce.) sec ceceee ee cee s .... 365—377 THe Srxty-EighHra GENERAL MEETING OF THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL History SOCIETY, HELD AT WARMINSTER, July 27th to 29th, 1921.....................05. 378—388 Notes on RomMAN Finns In Norra Witts: By A. D. Passmore 389—395 WANSDYKsk, ITS CouRSE THROUGH E. AND S.E. WILTSHIRE: ony Boerne 1, AW ENO (O16) iss23cece cceaecneccics dencceeca:eceeaerante 396—406 Kine’s Bowoop Park [No. 1]: By The Earl of Kerry............ 407—423 I CRBS ooo cabo ORO RUEE BUS BCIER Ae NMIe san IEA UCD Rel AN iaeiiin re ni a nanynennr ene a 424—435 MVUGES OBITUARY . i... cc. cee0s- Ro aiesiay Sele Ug ta 435—440 WILTSHIRE Books, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES......-:cccsseceseeee 440— 448 ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY , ..0...-.ccseeesccccec ces eceees 449-- 450 ILLUSTRATIONS. Wiltshire Stone Implements (2 Plates)............ ..ccecesecseereee 365 Roman bronze balance from St. Margaret’s, Marlborough ... 392 Map: Bowood Park, showing the ten divisions made by the am lfaniventaryo Survey lm l OOS). 6. css. )oecoccssel scseorescccese 40 Devizes: —C. H. Woopwarb, EXcHANGE BUILDINGs, STATION RoAD. a WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. ‘“‘ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS. ’—Ouvid. No. CXXXV. DECEMBER, 1921. Vou. XUL THE PLACE-NAMES OF WILTSHIRE. By G. B. Grunpy, D. Litt. The standard work on the place-names of Wiltshire is “‘ The Place-Names of Wiltshire, their Origin and History,” by Einar Ekblom (Upsala, 1917). The book will be known to many people in the county; but for the in- | formation of those who do not know it, 1 may mention that it is in English, _ All that will be attempted in this paper is:—(1) to suggest possible /emendations of Ekblom’s interpretations ; (2) to add various names which he has not included in his work, though old forms of them are known. | The emendations will be put in the alphabetical order followed by ‘Ekblom; the additions will be classified under parishes named in alpha- betical order. EMENDATIONS. Aldbourne (N.E. of Marlborough), E. rejects “ eald,” “old,” as the first element of this name, because he thinks it to be an unlikely attribute to apply to a brook. Yet itis applied to a “lacu,” “slow stream,” in the charters, and to various other apparently unlikely objects, such as | “ig,” island. I fancy Aldbourne is, after all, ‘‘the Old Bourne.” On this Dr. Henry Bradley says :—‘t No doubt there were streams called ‘Old Burn.’ But there is evidence of a pre-English stream named | Alde; and in compounds with ‘burn’ one may choose either interpre- tation.” Alton Priors (N.W. of Pewsey). The charter B. 390, which E. quotes, | is not a charter of Alton, Hants, but of this very place. | Atworth (N.W. of Melksham). E. quotes K. 706 as dating from A.D. | 1001. The forms of words in the survey show that it, at any rate, is j much later in date than that. The form of the name in that alhersiene’ is _ Attenwrth. There is an Attendene in another Wilts charter (B. 1216, K. 543), spelt Aettan Dene in yet another charter (B. 782). In a late charter, the ME, ‘“‘At ten Wrthe,” descending from an A.S. locative “eet theere Wyrthe,” “at the Farm,” might possibly produce the modern -|VOL. Saye NOn OX NXT Vi. ye ak | 336 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. name. I fancy that the name Attendene, despite the variant Aettan — Dene, had the same origin. On this point, however, Dr. Bradley has — sent me an important note :—‘ on the ground of accent I disbelieve in ~ the common notion the names in At(ten) are of prepositional origin. ~ and both Atta and Aetta are authentic names.” Bedwyn (S.E. of Marlborough). E. derives from the plant-name, “ Bed- wind,” a kind of convolvulus. The charter (B. 225, K. 133,) which he quotes shows that it was also the name of the stream on which Bedwyn stands. A plant-name by itself would be unusual as a stream-name in A.S. You may find Alr-broc, Aesc-burna, etc.; but I have not so — far come across a stream-name of A.S. origin which consists of a plant- name pure and simple. I can only end with a query. Is Bedewind a pre-Saxon name rationalised in A.S. times ? Beechingstoke (E.8.E. of Devizes). E. does not quote the earliest form of this name, which is in B. 769, K. 390, and appears simply as Stoke. ~ Blackland (S.E. of Calne). E. says “The name can hardly denote anything ~ but a track covered with dark forests.” This is pure fancy. The ~ name is used to denote the colour, or, perhaps more frequently, the ~ badness of the soil. Boscombe (S.E. of Amesbury). Surely E. has gone out of his way in : taking late forms rather than early as a clue to thisname. He has thus ~ to invent a personal name. Bosan-Cump, “ Bosa’s Combe,” seems to be the natural derivation. Brigmerston (N. of Amesbury). E. is undoubtedly right; but he does not mention the interesting fact that Brismar is mentioned in D.B. as 7 as holding land here T.R.E. (See notes on Brixton Deverell.) Brixton Deverell (S. of Warminster). Brictric is given in D.B. as a) landholder here T.R.E. This, and the case at Brigmerston above, are two examples of a phenomemon which I have only come acrossin Wiltshire, though examples might, no doubt, be found in other counties, where a place gets its name from an owner of a date contemporary with the extant evidence as to the form of the name. There are other examples in Wiltshire, e.g., Aldred was landholder in Alderstone, in Whiteparish, | T.R.E. It suggests that “tuns” might change name with change of | owner, just as in modern times such changes of name occur with regard | to farms, so that the Brown’s Farm of one age may be the Robinson’s — Farm of the next. ee It conveys a moral which I have not seen inculcated in books on ~ place-names, viz., that we cannot be sure in the case of A.S. personal | names attached to a locality, especially to any form of property, that | that name was attached to the locality from the time of its foundation. | The “booking,” or chartering, of lands, and, too, such a survey as | Domesday, would give such names a permanence such as they can | hardly have possessed in ages in which they seldom appeared in writing. | Brokenborough (N.W. of Malmesbury). The Brora in this name is | By G. B. Grundy, D. Litt. 6331 almost certainly a barrow, not a hill, judging from the almost invariable use of BEorH in the charters. Tomb robbing is not a pastime of recent invention. _ Burbage (S.E. of Marlborough). Ido not think that the second element has anything to do with Brcs, “ beech- tree, I suggest BuRH-BAkc, “the intermittent stream by the camp.” ‘The forms agree with this ; for Barc developed into Bacues, and later into Bec. The meaning given above is drawn from the Hampshire charters, where the word is frequently used of such streams ; and, as a fact, the actual BuRH-Barc is mentioned in the charter B. 1067, K. 736, where the boundary is described as going “along BurcH Bercss.” ‘The camp has vanished, I believe. But this would be a peculiarly natural place for one, as it is at the meeting-place of several old ridgeways.! Putter cere (S.E. of Marlborough). The second element is probably not MaeErgE, “boundary,” but Merg, “pond.” The district of Hants E. of this is covered with charters coaletine frequent references to MEREs, TANMERE, THROCMERE, etc. ‘They are the rainwater (mistakenly called dew) ponds so common on this upland. Castle Eaton (N.E. of Cricklade). Of course Ea refers to the Thames. But in the charters it is not used as E. supposes, in the genera] sense of ‘water,’ but always of a stream the size of a river. Chapmanslade (S.W. of Westbury). Of course E. is right. But it is | interesting to note that a later form, CHAPMANNESWEIB, is found. ) | Chilmark (E. of Hindon). E. has not got hold of the earliest mention of the name, which is K.641. In that charter the brook which runs through the parish is called CigeLt-MEarc Broc. I cannot interpret the name; but it has certainly nothing to do with Ciba, “children’s.” It is probable that C1GEL is a Pre-Saxon name. iehitterne (E.N.E. of Heytesbury). In reference E. recites the Saxon term ARN as meaning “house,” “ dwelling, ‘‘ place.” There are various other A.S. terms which had those meanings ; and from a study of the A.S. Lexicons one would be led to believe that there were many synonymous terms in the language. I have not’ found any in the charters, except in one or two instances in which there seems to have | been a borrowing from the Latin, and an Anglicised Latin term has come into use side by side with an A.S. term having practically the | game meaning. Dr. Bradley thinks that the first element of the name Chitterne may be British. | My impression is that AERN meant a building either as a store or a | a place where something was deposited or shut up, and sometimes perhaps as a building for manufacturing purposes. C/f'SEALT-AERN, a 1 See article on the Ancient Highways of Wilts, &c., in “ The Evidence of | Saxon Land Charters on the Ancient Road-system of Britain.” Arch. | Journal, \xxiv., pp. 79—105. [For another view as to the derivation of '|Burbage see Wilts. Arch. Mag., xli., 299, June 1921—Eb. H. Gopparp. t| pe ane) hel 308 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. salt house, or possibly factory; BER-AERN, a barn, where barley was — stored ; EKORTH-AERN a grave, where a body is deposited. Colerne (W. of Corsham). E. says Cutan AERN, “Cula’s House.” See ~ notes under Chitterne. I suggest Con-AgRN, ‘a building where ~ charcoal was stored or made.” Dauntsey (S.E. of Malmesbury). E.’s interpretation of the name is correct : but he has added a most inapposite note to the effect that “‘1tmG” here means marshy land, as is always the case with Wilts place-names.” As — a fact DomETES-1G as the survey of the Dauntsey charter (B. 453, K. 368) ~ shows, is the actual eyot in the Avon near the village. Elcombe (S. of Swindon). E. says ELLAn-cump, “ Ella’s Combe,” which may be right, for ELLANDUN is but afew miles away. But it is also possible that it is ELLEN-cump, “combe of the elder-trees.” Gore (N.W. of Tilshead). E. says from Gar, “ spear,” because the ridges © of the downs are sen shaped. This seems fanciful. purely it is the 7 very common GARA, “a triangular piece of ploughland,” the word from qj which the modern term “ Gore”’ is derived. Grim’s Ditch (near Salisbury). E. says from Grim, a Scandinavian personal name. But why in the world should this particular personal ~ name have been applied to so many dykes in this country? There ‘were in Saxon times two more of them in Wiltshire. Whatever Grim ~ 7 is, it must be a “common” term of some kind. My impression is that the original A.S. adj. Grim, “fell,” “dire,” was converted from an attribute into a name of the devil, or of a devil. The attribution of these pre-Saxon dykes to superhuman agency is well attested in A.S. 7 nomenclature, and in modern nomenclature, too, cf. the common “ Devil’s Dyke.” Harden Huish (N.W. of Chippenham). Pace Ekblom, I am inclined : to think that Birch’s identification of HEREGARDINGC Hiwisc with Harden Huish is right, though the elucidation of the survey of the charter (B. 489, K. 270) presents difficulties. If that is so, the name means “ lands of the Heregeards.” . Imber (E.S.E. of Westbury). EE. is quite right. But he might have | quoted Ymman Denu of the Edington charter (B. 1215), which is they} name of the valley in which Imber lies. b | Knighton (near Broad Chalke). EK. might have quoted the CnrmTa LAND | of the Chalke charter (B. 917, K. 436). * Lake (S.W. of Amesbury). Why does not E. give AS. Lacu, a term : implying a slow-flowing stream! In the charters the term is applied — on many occasions to the backwaters of the Avon and the Wylye. | Liddington (S.E. of Swindon). E. is quite pardonably wrong. The | place was named from the stream which flows through it. The name | occurs as LypDEN or LipEn in the Liddington charter (K. 386). It | appears to be pre-Saxon. But it got rationalised in A.S. times into — By G. B. Grundy, D. Intt. 339 Htypa(n), for Huypan ArwitEbmas, “ Liden springs,” occurs in the Wanborough charter (B. 479, K. 1053). Midgehall (near Wootton Bassett). E. supposes Megcan Heatn. But why not Myce Hzatn, “ Midge hollow” ? Oare (near Pewsey). E. interprets Ora as meaning “ border,” “ edge.” ORa in the charters means “bank ” or “‘ hill slope.” Ogbourne (near Marlborough). E. says Oc(c)AN BURNA. It is, of course, the name of the stream on which Ogbourne stands, which E. says is now called by a back-formation from the place-name. But may not the first element be a variant of the stream-name Ock which is found in other parts of England? I suppose that Ock is a pre-Saxon name to | which in A.S. times a second element, BuURNA, was added. Potterne (S.8.W. of Devizes). Hsuggests PUTTAN AERN, “ Putta’s house.” See note on AERN under Chitterne. I suggest Porr arn, “a buil- ding where pots are made.” penomerford (near Calne). E. gives this up, as far as interpretation is concerned. Perhaps he is right. But he has not cited all the old forms of the name; and those he has come across are indeed calculated to make a Ainilolosit despair. He cites Quemerford, 1240—5 ; Quim- erford, 1293; Quemerford, 1370; Quimerford, 1404. To these may be added Kinemorford, 1257 ; Querenford, 1274; Camerford, Cameresford, (uemerford, 1272 —1307 ; Comerford (twice), Kemerford, probably 13th —14th century. The Qu element in forms of this name is admittedly a difficulty which cannot be ignored. It ought to represent an A.S. Cw. But the Kinemerford form of 1257 bears a very marked resemblance to the old name of Kempsford (Gloucs.) as given in the S. Chr. under the year 800, KYNEMEREFORDE, which means “‘ ford of Cynemaer. ” | Ramsbury (N.W. of Hungerford). Why should the numerous Ramsburys which survive in various parts'of the country, and the various HRAEMNES BURHS of A.S. times, have all been, as E. assumes, named after gentle- men with the Scandinavian name of RaF(e)N? Surely Ramsbury is, like other Ramsburys, HRAEMNEs Burg, “ Raven’s Camp,” iy 3emley (N.E. of Shaftesbury). This isnot Seman Lean, “Sema’s Lea,” as E. suggests. It is named after that tributary of the Nadder which forms its N. boundary, a stream called SEMENE in the Tisbury charter (K. 641), and now called Sem. Standlynch (8. S.E. of Salisbury). E says A.S. Hiro means “rising : ground,” or “ridge.” It never means anything of the kind in the charters, It always means a “lynch,” z.¢., a ledge formed on a slope by the use of the plough. $toford (in N. Newington). E.’s explanation, Stow ForpD, ought to be ' yight. But I must mention that the Sranrorp, “Stone ford,” of the | Newington charter of the Wilton Cartulary (Dugdale, Mon. II., p. 325,) | was almost certainly at this place. Dr. Bradley says :—‘“ If Stoford | | ' 7 | | 340 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. and Stanford are the same place, then it had two names—which is — possible enough.” Wilsford (a, 8.W. of Pewsey ; b,S.W.of Amesbury). A.S. WIFELES FORD. E. suggests that WiIFEL is a personal name. But why not “ Beetle’s Ford”? Names of animals in compounds take the genitive form ; and the presence of beetles may well have suggested the name. Dr. Bradley agrees with Ekblom in making Wifel a personal name. But I must — confess that in the case of elements like Wifel—which are common in ~ place-names— I feel that is more probable that they are common terms. ADDITIONS. In Alton Priors (64 m. E. of Devizes). Tawsmead Farm. (Taes(an) Maed(e) (B. 390, K. 1035.) A.D. 825). Maed is “mead,” ¢.e., hayland. ‘laese is an adj. whose meaning is 7 not known. In Alvediston (8 m. E. of Shaftesbury). Norrington farm (Northintone, A.D. 1327; Northyntone, 13c.). Northinga’s-tun, “ Farm of the Comers from the North.” Trow Farm, Called Trough Farm in an early Ordnance Map. (Trog(an), — B. 917, K. 436), A.D: 955; Troi, A.D, 1086; Trow, Trowe, 13c: Trowe, 16c.). A.S. Trog, “Trough.” Reference to a valley. In Atworth (3 m. W. of Melksham). || Cottles House (Cotels, A.D. 1300; Cottles, Cutels, cere. 15¢.). Said to be | named from Cutele, its owner in 1273. | In Great Bedwyn (6 m. E.S.E. of Marlborough). +7 Brail (Bru(z) of Bedewinde, Broyl of Bedewynd, Bruel’ de Bedwynde, 13c.). Through Old French “ bruelle,” a small copse. ' Harding Farm (Harandene (B. 225, K. 133), A.D., 778 and (B. 1213, K. 766). A.D.£968; Haredene, A. D. 1086 ; Harden, Hareden, 13c. A.S. HARAN-DENU, “ Hare Dean.” In Little Bedwyn (34 m. 8.W. of Hungerford). . Horsehall Hill (Horseheal, B. 1213, K. 766, A.D. 968). A.S. Hors-healh, | “Horse Hollow.” q OR ictal Farm (Tymerugg, 13c.; Tymerugge, 14c.). A.S. Timber- | hrycg, “ Timber Ridge,” 2.e., ridge on which large trees grow. ¥) Puthall Farm (Puttan Healh, B. 225, K. 133, A.D. 778). A.S. Puttan | healh, ‘‘ Putta’s Hollow.” It is noteworthy that, while -healh as an | A.S. termination following a weak genitive in -an has in-Berkshire | developed -nall, -nell, in Wiltshire it has usually developed the form | -hall. In Beechingstoke (54 m. E.S.E. of Devizes). | Battle Farm (evidently a corruption of the Botan-wyll of B. 699, K. | 1109 (A.D. 924) and B. 769, K. 390 (A.D. 941), close to the site of || which it stands. : — By G. B. Grundy, D, Lntt.. 241 fin Bemerton (14 m. N.W. of Salisbury). Quidhampton. A curious name which iE. does not try to interpret. There is a Quidhampton in Wroughton and also in Overton, Hants. Can the first element be from A.S. cwide, ‘a legal document or decree”? (Cwide-leas means “intestate.” Can it refer to property left by will? | In Berwick St. James (53 m. S.W. of Amesbury). : Asserton (Asscerton, Assherton, 13th cent.; Asserton, 14c.). The first element is possibly the A.S. personal name Aeschere, ‘“ Aeschere’s Farm.” ; Stourt Hill (La Sterte, ? date; La Sterte, 13c.). A.S. Steort, “a tongue of land,” generally between streams. In Berwick St. John (54 m. S.E. of Shaftesbury). Bridmore Farm (Brudem’e, Budmer, 13c.; Brudemere, 14 c., Brudmer, Brudmore, 16 c.). One would be inclined to say A.S. Bridd-mere, ‘“‘ Bird Pond,” were not the Brud- form so persistent. I cannot find a M.E. form “brud” for A.S. bridd. Dr. Bradley considers the name as being, on the evidence, inexplicable. Tinkley (Tilluces leah, B. 917, (K 436 (A.D. 955) and B. 970, K. 447 (A.D. 956) ). “ Tillue’s Lea.” There is no question that this modern place is the Tilluces Leah of the charters. Neighbouring landmarks in the A.S. Surveys make the identification certain. It isan example of a fanciful corruption aiming at giving a meaning toa name the original meaning of which was lost to a later age. Cuttice Down (Cottie Lands, ?date ; Cotyes Lande, Terre Cotte, Terr’ Coty, Cotyal’, \6c.). The forms are so late that the origin of the name is altogether doubtful. It might possibly be A.S, Cotes-land, “‘ploughland of the cottage.” Croucheston (Cruhceton, 13c.; Crucheston, Crocheston, 14c.; Crowcheston Croucheston, 16c.). Dr. Bradley thinks that an early personal name, “Crouch,” is unlikely, and suggests that the -es may have been added to “crouch,” a cross, on the analogy of other names in -ton. The form suggests a personal name as the first element. ‘In Box (5 m. E.N.E. of Bath). Rudloe House (Rugelawe, Kyddelam, ? date; Ryddelawe, 13c. ; Rydde- low, Ryddelaw, 16c.). ‘he second element appears to be A.S. Hlaew, “tumulus.” The first is probably a personal name, for nearly all “‘ hlaews” in the charters have personal names attached | to them. Perhaps as A.8. Riddan-hlaew, “ Ridda’s Tumulus.” _ Washnell (Waisel, 1086). The modern is more helpful than the D.B. | form. Possibly A.S. Waescan-healh, “ Hollow of the (sheep) washing | place.” In Bradford-on-Avon. | Cumberwell (Cumbrewell, 1086 ; Cumerwell, Cumbrewell, 13c. ; Combre- | well, Cummrewelle, l4c). Possibly A.S. Cumbran-wiell ‘*‘ Cumbra’s 342 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. Spring.” But Cumbra, accords to Professor Skeat, means ** Welshman.” Woolley. That this is named after a certain Ulf, or Wulf, who held Budbury in the upper part of Bradford, T.R.E., according to D.B., seems certain. (Whlflege, 13c.; Wolveleen! 166). Esso, at mee “ Lea of Ulf or WIE.” - In Maiden Bradley (4 m. N. of Mere). Kate's Bench Farm (Gate Bench, 13¢. ; Catten Benche, 16c.) Judging from the 13c. form the A.S. original should be Geat-benc, ‘“‘ bench by the gate.” But the old forms do not provide any sure means of determining the origin of the name. In Bratton. . Meibourne House (Mulbourne, Mileburne (B. 1215.) %10c.; Mule-burne, Mulbourn, 14c.). A.S. Mylen-burna, “ Mill Bourne.” In Bremhill. fiver Marden (Aqua de Merkeden). A.S. Mearc-denu, “ Mark Dean,” 2.é., the boundary valley through which it flows. C/. notes on the place-name Marden above. 4 Charlcote. (Said to be Chedecote of K 817, and the Chedecotum of A.D. 1065, both mentioned as property of Malmesbury monastery,) I cannot see the connection between the reputed old forms and the 4 modern name. The latter should be from A.S. Ceorla-cot, “ Churls’ Cottage.” ee (Speerful (K. 817); Sperchulle, Speercul, 1065; Sperchulle, — A.D. 1319.) I have no faith in the form found in K. 817. The second ~ element is certainly A.S. “hyll.” If the first is not A.S. spearca, 7 “spark,” I do not know what it is. The application of the term to — | a hill is difficult to explain. The modern form is due to some effort 7 of the popular imagination for which it is difficult to account. Stanley (Stanlege, 1086; Stanleg, Stanlegh, Stanley, 13c.). A.S. Stan- 4 leah, “‘ Stone lea.” a In Brinkworth (8 m. W. of Swindon). | Brinkworth Brook (Idoure (B. 458, K. 263), A.D. 850; (B, 922, K. 460), | A.D. 956. The old name survives in that of Idover Demesne. A.S. | Ig-defr, “Island Stream,” defr or dofr being a Celtic word, as in | Micheldever and Candover, Hants, The brook enters the Avon close | to Dometes-ig. (See notes on Dauntsey.) %) Trow Lane Farm (Troweye, 14 ¢.). Probably “Trough Way.” See | notes on Trow Farm in Alvediston.) : “a In Britford (1; m.8.S.E. of Salisbury). Longford Castle (Langeford, A.D.1086; Langeford of 12c.; Langeford, 14c). A.S. Aet thaem langan forde, “at the long ford.” In Broad Hinton (6 m. 8.W. of Swindon). Uffcote (Uffecote, 1086 and 13c). A.S. Uffan-cot, “ Uffa’s Cottage.” By G. B. Grundy, B. Litt. 343 In Burbage (5 m.8.8.E. of Marlborough). Durley (Durle, 13c.; Durle, 14c.). Durley in S. Hants is the Deorleah of B. 596, K. 332, A.D. 900—901. Probably this Wilts name is of the same origin. A.S. Deor-leah, ‘‘ Deer Lea.” Harepath Farm. A rationalised form, found elsewhere, of the A.S. Herepath, lit. “army way,” but meaning “highway,” or “through road.” There is another instance of the same name in Allington ; and another rationalised form, Harepit Way, occurs in Avebury. In Buttermere (43 m. 8. of Hungerford). Rockmoor Pond, where the county boundaries meet (Throc Mere (B. 508, K. 1059), A.D. 863 ; Trokke Mere, 15c.). I cannot suggest any meaning for ‘‘throc.” The substitution of “moor,” or “-more,” for A.S. mere in modern names is not uncommon. C/, Stanmore (Berks) for A.S. Stan-mere. Sheepless Hill (Sheepleys Hill,18z). A curious and evidently quite modern corruption. In Castle Combe (53 m. N.W. of Chippenham). Woodford Brake (Wuduford (B. 800, K. 398), A.D. 944. A.S. Wudu-ford, * Ford at the Wood.” | In Castle Eaton (63 m. N. of Swindon). Lushill (Lusteshall, 13c.; Lustes Hill, 14c.; Lus Hill, 15c.). The first element is probably a personal name; perhaps a shortened form of the A.S. name Lustwine. _In Chalke, Broad, and Bower (7 m. W.S.W. of Salisbury). Vernditch Chase (Fernditch, 13c. ; Fernditch 16c.). ‘ Fern Ditch.” Woodminton Down (Woodmanton, 16c.). ? A.S. Wudumanna-tun, ‘““Woodmen’s Farm or Village.” Mistlebury Wood (Michel-burh (B. 917, K. 436), A.D. 955% A.S. Micel- burh, “Great Camp.” A curious corruption of the old name. Chettle Head Copse (Cheotoles Heafod (B. 917, K. 436), ? A.D. 955 ; Cf. also Cotelesburgh of B. 817). A.S. Cyteles Heafod, “ Cytel’s Headland.” ‘In Charlton (2 m. N.E. of Malmesbury). Great Lipe Farm (La Lupe, A.D. 1319). A.S. Hlyp. M.E. Lupe, “leap” ; probably referring to a deer-leap in the vicinity. | In Chippenham. Fouleswick (Fugeles Wick,! 1303; Fouleswike (Malmesbury Register) ; _ 1 Note on the A.S. term Wie (Modern—wick, wich, week). As this term ‘forms an element in various names which will have to be discussed in this | paper, and as the interpretation here given to it will be far more precise |than that given in the lexicons, I must state briefly the basis of it. _ (1) In place-names the first term is an attribute of the second. In A.S. names these attributes are either personal or descriptive. Personal attributes 344, The Place-Names of Wiltshire. » AS. Fugeles-wic, “Poultry Farm.” Dr. Bradley says that Fugol is a well attested personal name, and that he believes that it is so here. Against this I have to urge that in no single one of the many instances of the term “ wic”’ in the charters is it accompanied by a name of an individual, and in only two instances by a patronymic. In all other cases its attributes are descriptive. : _ Cockleberry Farm (Cockelburghe, Kokkelberge, Cokelberg, 13c. ; Cockel- berg, Cokebergh, 14c.; Cockelbrowe, 17c.). Probably M.E. Cokel- bergh, “Cockle Barrow.” Fossil cockles are said to be found in the neighbourhood. Rowden (Ruedon, Roudon, Rowedoune, 13c; Lowdon, 15c.; Rowdon (twice), 16c.). A.S. Ruh-dun, “ Rough Down.” Lowden (Gelllecloe 13c.; Lolledon, 14c.). Loldo’n, Loldon, 15c. A.S. 7 Ou A elon easieaatact i suspect Lullan-dun is the A.S. form, for in Cholsey, Berks, ‘‘ Lollingdon Hill” is almost certainly derived from the patronymic of such a name. are in the genitive case, and that this genitive is in some sense possessive seems certain; 1.e., it implies that the object to which it is attributed. was in some sense the property af the person named. As a second term in place-names A.S. Wic occurs forty-six times in the charters published in Birch, in forty-three of which it is accompanied by an attribute. Of the forty-three attributes thirty-seven are descriptive, four are uncertain, and only two are personal, and even then these two are not names of findhivadinials, but are patronymics. (As a contrast let us take the A.S. term Weorth, which is also translated “farm ” in the lexicons. ‘Asa second term in place-names it occurs seventy- five times in the charters published in Birch, in seventy-three of which it is accompanied by an attribute. Of the seventy-three attributes eight are descriptive, eleven are uncertain, and no less than fifty-four are personal). It is plain that the “ wic”’ was not the subject of private ownership, but belonged to, and was used by, the community of the land-unit (parish) as as a whole. (2) Avery common characteristic of the attributes of ‘‘ wic” is that they refer to matters connected with cattle, eg., Hierde-wic, ‘‘ herdsman’s wick,” the common Hardwick, Buter-wic, ete. Generally speaking the attributes tend to show that the “wic” was devoted to some special purpose of an agricultural community, the keeping of cattle and other animals, butter making, cheese making, etc. (3) The topographical distribution of “-wicks” on the modern map — points to the same conclusion. On the 6in. maps of Wiltshire [have | noticed nineteen “‘wics.” All are on or near streams, 7.e., on the ‘“‘mead” | land, the only land which afforded hay in A.S. times. All.standaway from the village centre of the land-unit (parish), because the situation of the | village centre was determined by the position of the arable land, which - called especially for the labour of the community. To translate “wie” “dairy farm” would not be always right; but it would be right in a large number of cases. By G. B. Grundy, B. Intt. — 345 In Chirton (54 m. W. of Pewsey). - Conock. (Said to be the Cowic of D.B.) This seems unlikely. It looks as if it were a pre-Saxon name. In Chiseldon (3 m. S.E. of Swindon). Burdrop (Burithrop, 15c.; Burderopp, Burythorp, 17c.). The forms are late ; but the name appears to be A.S. Byrig-thorp, “ Village of the Cane The camp may be Badbury Castle. In Christian Malford (44 m. N.E. of Chippenham). Dodford (Doddeford, Dodeford, 13c.). A.S. Doddan-ford, ‘‘Dodda’s Ford.” In Chute (on E. boundary of the county). Conholt Park (Covan Holt, 13c. ; Covenholt, 1491; Colnholt). ?A.S. Cofan-holt, ‘‘ Wood in the nook.” In Cleverton (Lea and Cleverton, 1 m.S.E. of Malmesbury). (Cleverdone, ? date ; Cleuerdone, 1319.) A.S. Claefer-dun “ Clover Down.” In Clyffe Pypard (3 m. 8. of Wootton Bassett). Stanmore (Stamere, A.D. 1086; Stanmere, 13c.). Originally A.S. Stan- mere, “Stone Pond,” or, possibly, “Pond of the Stone,” having reference to some standing stone. ‘* Mere” has got changed in course of time to “ Mor,” “ marsh.” Curiously enough exactly the same change has taken place in the name of Stanmore, Berks. In Colerne (8 m. 8.W. of Chippenham). Huridge Farm Gay ene, 1086; Yweric, ! date). A.S. Iw-hrycg, “ Yew Ridge.” In Corsham (43 m. S.W. of Chippenham). | Lypiat Farm (Lepegate, 15c.; Lepeyate, 16c. A.S. Hlyp-geat, “ Gate at the Deer-leap.” In Cricklade. River Key. The Stokkenne Lake of a 13c. perambulation of Braden. A.S. Stoccene Lacu, “ Staked Stream. ” Seven Bridges. The Langbryge, “ Longbridge,” of 14c. perambulaton of Braden. Hailstone Hill (Haleweston, Halegheston, 14c.; Halestone, 17c.). A.S. Halige-stan, ‘‘ Holy Stone.” Widhill (Widehille, Wildehille, 1086; Withihull, Wydyhull, Widihull, Wydehull, 13c.; Wydyhill, 14c.). A.S. Withig-hyll, “hill where | willows grow.” | In Crudwell (4 m. N.E. of Malmesbury). Morley Farm (Morele, 18c.; Moreleigh, 14c.). A.S. Mor-leah, “ Lea of the Marsh.” Pili Bridge (Polebrigge, 15c.). Probably A.S. Pyll-bryeg, “ Bridge at the Pool” (in the river). \ 346 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. Flisteridge Hill (Flusrugg, 14c.; Flusherogge, 16c.). ? A.S. Flys-hrycg, “Fleece Ridge,” or “ Wool Ridge.” _ : In Deverill (Brixton) (4 m. S. of Warminster). Whitecleave Farm (Witeclive, 13c.). A.S. Hwit-clif, “ White (steep) Slope.” In Dilton (2 m. 8.W. of Westbury). Bremeridge Farm (Bremelrigge, Bremerugge, ? 13c.; Bremelrigge, 13c. ; Bremelrigg, 1366). A.S. Brembael-hrycg, “Ridge where Brambles grow.” Penleigh (Penley, 1227; Penlieze, Penleigh, Penlegh, Penligv’e 13c.). A.S. Penn-leah, “ Lea of the Cattle-pen.” fn Durrington (2 m. N. of Amesbury). Knighton Down (Knichteston, Cnicheton, 13c.; Knyghton, 16c.). The 13c. forms make it doubtful whether the original name was A.S. Cnihtes-tun, “Servant’s Farm ” or Cnihta-tun, “ Servants’ Farm.” In Edington (34 m. N.E. of Westbury). Patcombe. (The Padecan Stan of B. 1215 (A.D. 968) stood above the head of this combe. A.S. Padecan-cumb, “‘ Padeca’s Combe.”) Rowborough (Rugeburwe (B. 1215) ? A.D. 968; Rugeberg, 1086 ; Ruberg, 13c.). A.S. Ruh-beorh, ‘“ Rough Barrow.” In Erlestoke (54 m. 8.W. of Devizes). Pudnell Farm (Podenhulle, 14c.). ? A.S. Puttan-hyll, “ Putta’s Hill.” In Everley (9 m. S. of Marlborough). Kiverley Barrows. The Twig Beorgas “Two Barrows,” of B. 748, K. 380. Oldhat Barrow. ‘The Brad Beorh, “ Broad Barrow,” of B. 635. In Figheldean (33 m. N. of Amesbury). Choulston Farm (Coveleston, 13c.; Cholleston, 16c.). The first element is almost certainly a personal name. Perhaps a diminutive of A.S. Ceofa. In Grittleton (64 m. N.W. of Chippenham). Clapcote (Clopcote, 1206—28; Clopcote, Clopcot, 1243). Probably A.S. Cloppan-cot, “‘ Cloppa’s Cottage.” Hast Foscote (aet Est. Foxcotun (B. 750, K. 331), A.D. 940). A.S. Fox- cotas, “ Fox Cottages.” In Grovely Wood (3 m. N.W. of Wilton). Appledoe (Appledore, 13c.; Appledore, 17c.). A.S. Aeppeldor, “ Apple- tree.” Thornhills (Thornell, (Be. ). Probably A. S. Thorn healh, ‘‘ Hollow where Thorn trees grow.” Powten Stone (Puntes Stan (B. 934, K.446), A.D. 956; see also Punteles a Treow (B. 757, K. 370), which stood hard by ; Poltinstan, Pultingston, 13c.; Pultyngstone, 15c. Probably both A.S. Puntes-stan, ‘‘ Punt’s By G, B. Grundy, B, Itt. 347 stone,” and Puntele’s-stan,” “ Puntel’s Stone.” For variation between Punt and Puntel cf-Posteberi and Postlesbur, the modern Postlebury, in two perambulations of Witham, Somerset. Stotfield (Stutefield, ? date; Stotefield, 1603). The forms are too late to allow of any definite determination of the original form of the name. But the terminations of names in this Grovely region have been so peculiarly corrupted in other instances that [ would venture to suggest the comparatively common A.S. Stod-fald “ Horse Fold.” Hadden (Haddon, 1603). Probably A.S. Haeth-dun, ‘“ Heath Down.” (Haddon Hill, in Didcot, Berks, is so called in a charter). Ashgoe (Ashgrove, 1603). The meaning is obvious; but this particular | corruption of it is, so far as I know, unique. _ Shortengrove (Shortegrove, ? date; Shortingrove, 1603). A.S. aet tham scortan grafe, “at the short grove.” Himsel (Hempshill, 1603). Another extraordinary corruption from the Grovely region. : In Hankerton (34 m. N.E. of Malmesbury). Cloatley (Clotley, 1319). A.S. a Clate-leah, “ Lea where burdock grows.” Woburn. (Probably the Woubourne of B. 921, K. 460, a document of post-Saxon date.) A common name in South England. A.S. Woh- burna, * Winding Bourne.” |In Hannington (2 m. N.W. of Highworth). | Bydemill Brook (Bidemille, 18c.), I have never come across this name except in Wilts. There is also an Bydemill in Potterne, and a Byde Mill Lane in Poulshot. It looks as if the first element in the name must be a common term, owing to the improbability of the same personal name occurring with “mill” three times in the county. But what the original form or meaning of the name was I cannot say. In Heytesbury (4 m. 8.E. of Warminster). Bowls Barrow (Bodelus Beorh (B. 1215) ? A.D. 968). I take it that Bodelus is a personal name. ‘In Heywood (i m. N. of Westbury). Clanger Wood (Chedehanger, 13c.; Chedelangre. 14c.). The modern name suggests that the ‘‘1” was an element in the original, 2.e., that the 14c. form is more correct than that of the 13c. ? A.S. Cedele- hangra, “The hanging wood where (the herb) mercury grows.” — Fulling Bridge. The name may be derived from some fulling-mill or cloth-mill which stood near it. But if the Fulinge of the Malmesbury charters refers to this place, then Fulling is the modern form of the 1 old name of the stream, -inge being a common termination of stream | names, and being evidently a pre-Saxon term meaning “stream.” ! 1 #1.g., in Berks charters Wanetinge (Wantage), Lacinge (Lockinge), 'Ga(g)inge (Ginge), Lucringe (Sandford Brook in Bassilsleigh). The ex- planation of -inge due to Dr. Henry Bradley. } 348 The Place-Names of Wultshire, Whether the A.S. Ful, “foul,” “muddy,” has been tacked on to it, or whether the first element is also pre-Saxon, it is not possible to say. In Highworth (54 m. N.N.E. of Swindon). Swanborough (Swanberg, 14c.). A.S.Swan-beorh, “Herdsmen’s Barrow.” In Hilmarton (33 m. N.E. of Calne). Witcomb (Widecombe, 1086; Widecumbe, Widec’be, Wydecombe, 13c. ; : Wydecomb, 16c.). A.S. thaem Widan Cumbe,” “ Wide Combe.” In Holt (8m. N_E. of Bradford-on-Avon). Blackacre (Blackacre, 1583). “ Black” must refer to either the colour or the poorness of the soil. ; In Kington St. Michael (3 m. N.W. of Chippenham). Heywood (Heywood, 1270; Haywood, Heiwude, 13c.; Haywode, ? 18c.). [I think from A.S. Haga, which the dictionaries say means “ hedge,” as it undoubtedly does. But it is common in the charters, and seems, for reasons too long to explain here, to mean “an enclosure for game.” It produces the form “haw” in Mod. Eng. ; but I am strongly inclined to think that confusion with the Old French “la haye” in post-Conquest times led to various names containing “ haga ” developing into names containing “ Hay” in modern times. In Langley Burrell (by Chippenham). Peckingell (Peginhullis (B. 751, K. 382), A.D. 940; Pegingehulle, 1278; Pechehulleslade, Pechinhilla, 13c.). A very curious name. The second element appears to be A.S. Hyll, “hill.” The first appears to be a patronymic, probably Paecg-ing, formed from the personal name Paecga. In Lacock (3 m. S.W. of Chippenham). Showell Farm (Schowells, 1319), 1 A.S. Scoh-wyll, “Shoe Spring”; an obviously improbable derivation. Dr. Bradley suggests from A.S. Sceaga, a “ shaw,” or small wood. Nethercote (Nethercot (twice), 18c.; Nethercote, 14c. A.S. Nithera Cot, | “ Tower Cottage.” P| In Littleton Drew (8 m. N.W. of Chippenham). Duniey (Donewolweye, ? date; Donelweye, 18c.).' The second element : seems to be A.S. Weg, “track.” First element indeterminable, unless, | as Dr. Bradley has suggested to me, it is the personal name Dunweald. ai In Lydiard Millicent (3 m. N.N.E. of Wootton Bassett). Shaw (Essaye, 1086; Syage, 18c.; etc., etc.). A.S. Sceaga, a “shaw,” or small wood. In Lydiard Tregoze (3m. N.N.E. of Wootton Bassett). Chaddington Farm (Cheddentone, 1291; Chetindon, Est Chatindon, 1 [In the l5c. are references to Donlewe Hundred, and to Donlewe ; but I cannot say whether they are identical with this place. By GD. Grundy, B. Inti, 349 Chadinden, Chadindone, Chatindon, 13c.; Chatyndone, Chadyn- don, 14c.). ‘The second element seems to have been A.S. Dun, “Down.” The first was probably a patronymic, Ceadding, from Ceadda. Studley (Stodley, ? date; Stodleigh, 13c.). A.S. Stod-leah, ‘‘ Horse Lea.” In Malmesbury. Thornhill (Yhornhulle, ? date ; Thornhull, 13c.), “ Thorn Hill.” Rowden (Rolidune (K. 632), ? A.D. 982; Rowedone, 13c.). I suspect the charter form to be corrupt. Probably A.S. aet thaere Rugan Dune, “ Rough Down.” Mannington (Manynton, 138c.), A.S. Manninga-tun, ‘Farm of the Mannings.” | In Lyneham (4m. 8.W. of Wootton Bassett). Clack (Clake 1540). Not determinable. Perhaps,as Dr. Bradley suggests, a British word cognate with Gallic ‘ clack,” stone, Welsh “ clegyr,” rock. In Maddington (6m. N.W. of Amesbury), Homanton (Hugemanton, 13c.), Not determinable. In Melksham (6: m. 8. of Chippenham). Selves Farm. Named from the Self family temp. Henry III. Woodrew (Woodrew, 16c.; Woodroofe, 17c.). I suspect that it is A.S, Wudu-raewe, “‘Row of trees by the wood.” “Rew” stands for “Row” in field-names of the Isle of Wight. Rotteridge (Raderigge, 1334). Perhaps A.S. Read-hrycg, ‘‘ Red Ridge.” I suspect that the modern form has been assimilated to the common name T'otteridge. |In Mere (4m. N.E. of Gillingham). | _ Swainsford (cf. Swaynecombe, 1651). A.S. Swegenes-ford, “Sweynes | Ford.” it i I ; | | Chetcombe (Chatecumbe, ? date; Chatecombe, 18c.). Perhaps A.S., Cattan-cumb, ‘‘ Ceatta’s Comb. Cunnage (Cornwiche, ? date; La Conewick, 18c.). A.S. Corn-wic, “farm | . buildings where corn is stored.” See notes on Foulswic, p. 343. ‘In Mildenhall (1 m. E. of Marlborough). | Poulton Down (Poltone, 1086; Pulton (twice), Polton, 13c.). A.S. Pol-tun “Farm by the Pool” (in a river or stream). , i] | In Nettleton (75 m. N.W. of Chippenham). Burton (Burton, 18c.). Probably A.S. Burgh-ton, “ Farm of the camp.” | Broadmead Brook. The Air-broc, ‘Brook of the Alders,” of B. 800, K, 398. ‘In Norton Colepark (4 m. S.W. of Malmesbury). Maidford. The Maegthe-ford, “ Ford of the Mayweed ” of B. 672, K, 355. 350 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. In Oaksey (6 m. 8.W. of Cirencester). . : Clattinger (Cladhangre, 13c.). Cf. Clod-hangra of K. 1198, though the reference is not to this place. ‘‘ Hanging Wood of the Clods or Lumps of Earth.” In Overton West (4 m. 8.W. of Marlborough). Boreham (Burham), 13c.). ?A.S. Bur-ham, “‘ House of the Camp.” Hursley Bottom (Hyrs-leah (B. 734, K. 1120), A.D. 989; Erseleah (B. 1285, K. 571), A.D. 972). The dates are reputed, not actual. Possibly A.S. Hyrst-leah, ‘“ Lea of the Copse.” In Pewsham (13 8... of Chippenham). Nethermore Farm (Nethermore, Nuthmour, Nithermor, 13c. ; Nethemore, 16c.). A.S. Nithera Mor, “ Lower Marsh.” In Potterne (2 m. S. of Devizes). ‘Rangebourne Mill (Ryngebourne, 1449). First element quite uncertain. Perhaps a remnant of one of the old stream-names in -inge, like Wanetinge (Wantage), Lacynge (Lockinge), in Berks. In Purton (44 m. N.W. of Swindon). Restrop (Radestrop, 1319). Second element, A.S. Thorp, “village.” First element probably a personal name. Hursted Farm (Hustede, 1319). A.S. Hus-stede, “ Farm steading with a house.” Bentham Farm (Benetham, 14c.). Beonot-ham, ‘“ House in the Bent- grass.” In Ramsbury (5 m. N.W. of Hungerford). Marridge Hill (Maserige, 12—13c.). A.S. Masan-hrycg, “ Titmouse Ridge.” Membury (Mimbiri, 12—13c.). Second element Burh, “Camp.” First. indeterminable. Thrup Farm (Throp 12—18c.). A.S. Thorpe “ village,” “ Farm.” In Redlynch (7m. 8.E. of Salisbury). Shearwood C'opse (Schireveswood, 138c.), “The Sheriff’s Wood.” En Rowde (by Devizes). Wick Farm (Rodewyk, 13c.). The Wic, “dairy farmstead,” belonging to. ‘Rowde. (See notes on Foulswick, p. 343). In Savernake (by Marlborough). Apshill Copse (Abshull, Apshull, 18c.). A.S. Aeps-hyll, “Hill of Aspen- trees.” In Seend (4 m. W. of Devizes). Summerham (Somerham, 18c ). A.S. Sumor-ham, “Summer House.” In Semley (3 m. N.E. of Shaftesbury). Amberleaze (Amberleyes, Amberleaz, 16c.). Some local names beginning with Amber- are derived from the A.S. personal name Eanmaer. By G. B. Grundy, D. Litt. oot Kingsettle (Kingsetle, 12c.; King’s Setle, 13c.) A.S. Cinges-setl, “The King’s Seat or Throne.” In Somerford, Great (4 m. S.E. of Malmesbury). | Startley (Sterkele, Sterckle (B. 921—2, K. 460), A.D. 956 (sie); Sterchelie, 1086; Sterkele, Sterkelewe, Sterkel, Sterkelee, Stirches-leah, 13c.). ? A.S. Stirch-leah, ‘‘ Lea of the young bullocks.” _ In Southwick (2 m.S.W. of Trowbridge). White Row Bridge (White Trowe, 1620). The 17c. form makes it look | as if the original form of the name was Hwit Troh, “ White Trough.” , (See notes on Trow, p. 340). _ In Standlinch (5 m. S.E. of Salisbury). Witherington Down (Wytheton, 18¢. ; Wytheton, 14c.). A.S. Withig-tun “ Willow Farm.” In Sutton Mandeville (2 m. E. of Tisbury). Row Ditch. The Rugedic of B. 588 K. 331, ‘‘ Rough” or “ Rugged” Dyke. In Swindon. : Westlecot (Wichelescote, 1086; Wekelscote, 14c.). The first element | looks like a personal name ; but I cannot identify it. | In Tollard Royal (7 m. S. of Tisbury.) Larmer Ground (Lafres Mere (B. 917, K. 486), A.D. 955), There was a liberty of Larmer, otherwise called Lavermere. In spite of the “s” in the charter form, I suspect that the A.S. name was Laefer-mere, “ Pond where the Yellow Flag grows.” Malacombe. This is the Mapuldor-cumb, ‘ Maple-tree Combe” of the Dunheafod supplement of B. 917, K. 436. But in the 13c. the name appears as Melecombe. It looks as if there had been a change of name. In Upton Scudamore (14 m. N.W. of Warminster). Huntenhull (Hefedyng Hull, Hevedyng Hull, 14c.; Hunting Hill, 1800). The first element must, I think, bea "patronymic, tigithas. The second is “‘ hyll,” “ hill.” Thoulstone (Thurveyston, Tholveston, 13c.; Tholveston, 14c. ; Thouleston,, Tollestone, 15c.). Is it Theodulfes-tun, *‘ Theodulf’s Farm ? Norridge Common (Norydge, Northrygge, Norrige, Norrugge, 13c.), A.S. | North-hrycg, ‘‘ North Ridge.” | In Wardour (2 m. 8.W. of Tisbury). | Dunworth (Doneworda, Donworth, 1086; Doneworth (twice) 13c.). A.S. Dun-wyrth, ‘‘ Farm of the Down.” Bridzor Farm (Brudesert, 13c.; Bridesert, 15c.; Bridzor or Birdshurst, 18c.). A.S. Briddes-ora, “ Bird’s Bank.” But Dr. Bradley thinks this suggestion unlikely, owing to the constancy of the final “t” in the old forms. He suggests that the name may be French, and equivalent to the mediaeval Latin “ bruera deserta,” |) VOL. XLIL—NO, CXXXvV. | 22 352 The Place-Names of Wiltshire. In Warminster. Mancombe (Mancombe, 14c.). Origin, not, I think, determinable, unless an “‘s” has fallen out, and it represents an original Mannes-cumb, ee Mann would be a personal name. Sambourne. Also called Sombourne. (Samburn, Samburne, 14c.). This is a’curious name. It occurs in the name King’s Somborne, in Hants. It is undoubtedly A.S. . . . -burna,‘*. . . -bourne.” Probably the first element is a pre-Saxon name of the stream. shenelt $a x [ieee Small Brook (Smalebroc, 1086; Smalebroc, 13c.; Smalebroke, 14c.). A.S. Smal-broc, ‘‘ Narrow Brook.” In Westwood (2 m.8.W. of Bradford-on-Avon). Rowley Copse (Roule, 1320; Rowlegh, Rowleygh, 1427 Howley, Rouley, 15c. A.S. Ruh-leah, ‘ TRoweh Lea.” In Whiteparish (8 m. 8.E. of Salchuen) Harestock, Said to derive its name from the Heyraz family. Chadwell (Chaldewell, ? date). Old form suggests A.S. Ceald-wyll, ‘Cold Spring.” Brickworth Park (Brykelsworth, 12c.; Bryghtelesword, 13c.). The following old names are also said, rightly or wrongly, to apply to this place:—Brecore, Breton, Brickhouse, Bricole, ? date; Brecore (twice), 14c. That the original A.S, form of the present name was Beorhteles-wyrth, ‘‘ Beorhtel’s Farm,” there cannot, I think, be any doubt. If the forms in -ore do really apply to this neighbourhood, then it is possible that there was an “‘ora,” ¢.e., “ bank,” or ‘ hill- slope,” also named after Beorhtel. Whelpley Farm (Welpeleya, 13c.; Whelpele, 14c.; Whelpeley, 15c. ; Whelpleye, 16c.). A.S. Hwelp-leah, ‘‘ Puppy Lea,” where ‘‘ puppy” — | is possibly a nickname. Gatmore Cottage (Cotmor, Cot'mor, 14c.). AS. Cotmor, ‘‘ Marsh of the Cottage.” Sansome’s Farm. Named from the owner, Sansome, temp. Henry VIII. Titchborne Farm (Tycheburn, 138c. ; Tirehponne! 1661 ; Titchbourne, 1619). The correspondence of this name with the Heme name raises the question whether the Tichborne family ever held land here so early asthe 13c. If not, the resemblance of name is accidental, and the original form was A.S. Ticce-burna, ‘‘ Ticce’s Bourne.” In Wilsford (14 m.8.W. of Amesbury). Normanton (Normanton, 13c. ; Normanton, 4c). 1 A.S. Northmanna- tun, “ Northmen’s Farm or Village.” Lake (Lake (twice), Lake 13c.; 14c.). AS. Lacu, “a_ slow-flowing stream ” ; often applied to a backwater of a river. In Wilton. Washern Grange (P Waisel, 1086 ; Wasserne, 13c. ; Wassherne, Washerne, _ Bolebridge Washern, | l6c.) AS. Wacie- aern, “a Building where washing is carried on.” (For ‘“‘aern” see See! on Chitterne, p. 337. y “Waesc” in the charters almost always refers to sheepwashing, and probably does here. By G. B. Grundy, D, Ltt. 353 In Winkfield (2 m. S.W. of Trowbridge). Pomeroy Farm (Pumberig, K. 706, reputed A.D. 1021, but really much later in date; Ponberie, 1086). How the present form of the name arose I cannot even guess. But the old A.S. form ended in either “-beorh,” “barrow,” or “-burh,” “camp.” ‘The first element is not distinguishable. Swansbrook Farm (Swinbroch, (K. 706, see note above); Swines Brook, 1620). The modern name on the map may be due to anerror. At any rate the A.S. name must have been Swines-broc, ‘“‘ Swines Brook ”’; and this continued to be the name till the 17c. En Winterbourne Bassett (5 m.8.E. of Wootton Bassett). | Ricardston (Rycardeston, Ricardestan, 13c.; Rickardston, 1552 and ¥604 ; | A.S. Ricardes-tun, “* Richard’s Farm,” Hackpen Hill (Hacan Penn (B. 734, K. 1120), ? A.D. 939; Hakepenn, Hakepen, 13c.). Probably AS. Haecce-penn, ‘‘ the Cattle-pen with the Hatchgate.” In Winterslow (6 m. N-E. of Salisbury). Hound Wood (Hundewude, 13c. ; Hundewoode, 14c.). A.S. Hunda-wudu, ‘* Dogs’ Wood.” In Woodborough (7 m.8.E. of Devizes). Bremhul Wood. The Brom-lacu, “Stream where the Broom grows,” of B. 998, K. 467, skirts this wood; so I take Bremiull to be A.S. Bromhyll, “Broom Hill.” In Wroughton (3 m.8.W. of Swindon). Elcombe (Elecombe, 1286; Elecumbe, Elcumb, 13c. ; Elecombe (twice), 14c.). If, as is probable, the first element in this name is the same as that of the neighbouring Ellandun, which included the N. part of Wroughton parish, then the A.S. form was Ellan-cumb, *“‘ Combe of Ella.” But Ellen-cumb, ‘‘ Combe of the Elder trees,” is a possible derivation.! Blagrove Farm (Blakingrave, 13c.). A.S. Blaec-graf, “ Black Grove.” Chilton (Chilton, 13c.; Chilton, 14c.). The name is common in England ; but it originates from various A.S. originals, Cilda-tun, “ Children’s Farm,” Cillan-tun, ‘‘ Cilla’s Farm,” etc. ; and the forms here do not afford means of deciding what was the original form in this case. Costow Bridge (Costowe (twice) Costouwe, 13c.; Cotestouwe, 14c.). A.S. Cotes-stow, ‘‘ Place of the Cottage.” In the charters “stow” is often applied to a place to which some real or fancied sanctity attaches. Quidhampton. See note p. 341. 1 Dr. Grundy believes on the evidence in Domesday and of the A.S. | Charters that the site of Ellandune was on the northern border of Wroughton Parish.—E. H. GoDDARD. 2B 854 EAST WILTSHIRE PLANT-GALLS. By Cectt P. Hurst. Cecidology, or the science of galls, is one of the meeting-places of botany and entomology. A plant-gall may be defined as an abnormal growth in- duced by the irritation of an animal or fungus parasite. The protoplasm of cells predestined to give rise in ordinary course to the plant or its part has been so affected by the parasite that these cells deviate from their normal growth, become phenomenally active, elaborate a new plan of con- struction, and give rise to the overgrowths familiarly known as galls. Galls — are very interesting, and may be found everywhere; in ““Brztish Plant-Gal/s” Mr. E. W. Swanton mentions that he noticed a gall on the shoots of the Crack Willow (Salix fragilis) in a Gower Street garden, in the heart of London. The following list contains fifty-three galls that were observed _ in Savernake Forest and near the adjoining village of Great Bedwyn during | a 1920; eighteen of these were caused by gall-mites, fifteen by gall-gnats, seven by gall-wasps, five by saw flies, four by aphides, or greenfly, two by the insects known as Psyllzdae, or Springing Plant-lice, one—the swollen white patches on the stems of the Shepherd’s Purse—was caused by a fungus, while in the case of another—the “ witches’ brooms” on the haw- thorn in Column Ride, Tottenham Park—the causer was unknown. Nineteen of the galls occurred on trees, fifteen on shrubs, and the rest grew on her- baceous plants, including one upon the Lady Fern. Perhaps the most familiar of our galls to the lover of the countryside are the reddish mossy mass of fibro-vascular bundles minus parenchyma or cellular tissue, caused by the prick of a gall-wasp on the Wild Rose, and known as ‘“‘ Robin’s || Pincushion ”; the twiggy excrescences or “ witches’ brooms” on the birch, in England due chiefly to the attacks of mites, but in Scotland supposed to be the result of the presence of a fungus named Hxoascus turgidus ; the red bean-shaped swellings on willow leaves attributable to the punctures of saw flies, and the three galls on oak trees all induced by gall-wasps :—the | well-known Oak Apple and the familiar Marble Gall on the twigs and | branches, and the pretty red velvety Spangle Gall on the under surface of the leaves. Of the galls in the list below, those on Gentiana Amarella, Salix — triandra, and the gall on Populus nigra, caused by the aphis Pemphigus filagints var. marsupiales, are first records for the British Isles, the gallon — the inflorescence of Campanula glomerata is a second record for Britain, while the galls on the leaves of Huonymus europaeus, Hpilobium anguste-_ | folium, and Galiwm Mollugo have only comparatively recently been observed | in Britain, and are included in Mr. Swanton’s paper, “‘ New British Plant Galls,” published in the Journal of Botany for January, 1916, The rounded | pustules on the leaves of Centaurea Scabiosa caused by the gall-mite | ae centaureae, which I have noted from near Wilton Water anda tend | i | | es —— SS Kast Wiltshire Plant-Galls. 355 by the late Edward Connold, and on Berry Head, near Brixham, in South Devon, by Mr. Swanton. ‘The gregarious circular patches on Sonchus arvensis, due to the attacks of the gall-gnat, Cystiphora hieracti, seen near Botley and Newtown, Shalbourne, are also rare and confined to the south of England. I am pleased to be able to record our possession of a fine specimen of that very great rarity, a hawthorn bearing the twiggy outgrowths known as “ witches’ brooms” in Column Ride, Tottenham Park, about 330 yards south of the Column. The tenth edition of the London Catalogue has been followed in arranging the flowering plants on which the galls occur, and the gall student may expect to find many more galls than are given in the lst below, for Mr. Swanton describes no fewer than eight hundred and eighty in his very interesting book, ‘“* British Plant-Galls,” to which I am much indebted for information. I have first given the Latin and English names of the gall-bearing plant, a description of the gall taken from the above mentioned work follows, and then the gall-causer and the distribution of the gall in this district are noted. In gall formation by insects, the insect pricks the leaf or branch with its ovipositor, in the act of depositing its eggs, which are hatched in the gall caused by the irritation due to the puncture, and the larva or caterpillar lives inside the gall, in some cases changing into a pupa or chrysalis from which a perfect insect or imago arises, within the gall, and in other cases emerging from the gall and pupating in the earth. In the gall-wasps, or Cynipidae, however, the gall is caused by the mechanical irritation produced by the birth and growth of the larva, for in some cases the egg is deposited weeks before the galls begin to form, and the pineapple galls on spruce fir are induced by a ferment injected by the female aphis. Cameron remarks that the origin of gall structures cannot be comfortably explained by any one theory, the habits of the insects associated with them being so very diver- sified. Gall-causers include mites, eelworms, and fungi, as well as insects, and galls are remarkably constant in form, etc., even to minute peculiarities in the epidermic covering, and are thus easily recognizable, though their causers are often—especially among the gall-gnats—so nearly alike that it is difficult to distinguish them. On Capsella bursa-pastoris (Medic), Shepherd’s Purse. Stem swollen and distorted, affected parts snow-white, appearing as if polished at the time when the conidia are forming beneath the epidermis; upon the rup- ture of the latter, the free conidia appear on the surface as a white powder ; caused by the fungus Cystopus candidus (Lév.). The well-known “ White Rust.” In some quantity on the towpath of the Kennet and Avon Canal, near Crofton, Great Bedwyn. On Helianthemum chamaecistus (Mill), Common Rock Rose. Gall terminal, ovoid, consisting of a rosette of deformed leaves ; caused by the gall-enat Contarima helianthemi (Hardy) ; common in the district, Bedwyn Brails, Chisbury Wood, etc. On Viola sylvestris (Kit.), Lilac Hedge Violet. Leaf margins revolute, in my specimens they were swollen and tinted purplish; caused by the gall-gnat Perrissia affincs (Kieffer); in Bedwyn Brails Wood. 356 East Wiltshire Plant-Galls, On Tilia vulgaris (Hayne), Common Lime. Glabrous tubular projections about 8 mm. high, on the upper surface of the leaf, often very numerous ; yellowish-green, reddish or purple brown, hairy within; the opening on the inferior surface is surrounded by hairs. The well-known “ Nail” Gall; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes tiliae (Pagenst.). On Lime Trees near St. Katharine’s Vicarage, Savernake. On Huonymus europaeus (Linn.), Spindle Tree. J.eaf margin rolled and discoloured, sometimes purplish; the rolled part covered with a felt of — minute hairs ; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes convolvens. I first noticed this gall in small quantity in Foxbury Wood and afterwards found it in fair quantity in Bedwyn Brails. Mr. Swanton writes :—“ This gall was first observed in Britain by Mr. Samuel Mason in July, 1912. He found it in abundance on bushes near_the Teign at Newton Abbot. I have since received it from one or two other stations. It is recorded in my paper on new British Plant Galls in the Journal of Botany for January, 1916.” On Rhamnus catharticus (Linn.), Buckthorn. Leaf margins rolled up- wards, much thickened and twisted, often brightly coloured, red or purplish- brown ; caused by the homopterous insect, one of the Psyllidae or Spring- ing Plant Lice, Z'richopsylla Walkeri (Forster); in some quantity in a hedge between Wilton Brails and the Kennet and Avon Canal. This gall also occurred at Rivar and in Gally Lane at Bedwyn. On Acer campestre (Linn.), Maple. Isolated hairy spherical pimples on the upper surface of the leaf, 2 to 4 mm. in diameter ; internal cavity lined with brown plurilocular hairs, opening inferior; caused by the gall-mite Eriophyes macrochelus (Nalepa) ; rather common in the district and not infrequently growing with the next gall on the same leaf. On Acer campestre (Linn.), Maple. The well-known red pimples often occurring in enormous numbers on Maple leaves. They appear in the latter part of May as minute specks, when they are noticeable only because of | their light green tint ; at maturity they assume a beautiful reddish-purple | colour. They are tubular, glabrous, and usually densely gregarious; the | internal cavity is lined with brown unicellular hairs which are particularly — | numerous at the opening on the inferior surface ; caused by the gall-gnat — | Eriophyes macrorhynchus (Nalepa) ; very common throughout the district | on maple leaves. On Prunus spinosa (Linn), Blackthorn. Pustules about 4 mm. by 2 mm. on the upper surface of the leaf, green, reddish, or brown, often | numerous and coalescent, opening by a minute hairy aperture on the in- ferior surface ; caused by the gall-mite Hrzophyes similis (Nalepa) ; com- mon on lpalztnenn leaves in this district during June and July. On Spiraea Ulmaria (Linn.), Meadow Sweet. Small hemispherical | yellowish or carmine swellings on the upper surface of the leaf, often very | numerous; the swellings on the inferior surface are cylindroconic. Each gall is inhabited by a yellowish larva; caused by the gall-gnat Perrisia | ulmariae (Bremi); it is one of the commonest British galls and is plentiful | in this district from June to September. | By Cecil P. Hurst. 307 On Poterzum sanguisorba (Linn.), Lesser Burnet. All the green parts of the plant and the inflorescence deformed and covered with a felt of long yellowish or white variously coloured hairs; caused by the gall-mite Briophyes sanguisorbae (Can.) ; on Lesser Burnet plants growing upon the west side of Bedwyn Brails. On fosa canina (Linn.), Dog Rose. On the inflorescence, stems (at the base of a bud), and leaves; a mass of small rounded very hard galls, each containing a larva, the whole covered with a shaggy mass of long pinnatifid hairs of a clear green colour, or more or less tinted with red ; caused by the gall-wasp Rhodites rosae (Linn.), the well-known “ Robin’s Pincushion,” or “ Moss Gall,” perhaps the best-known and most admired of all our galls. The “moss” is leaf with but little parenchyma between the fibro-vascular bundles. This gall is at its best in the latter part of July and early in August; it occurs chiefly on small and weakly bushes. The galls were formerly used medicinally ; they are common throughout this district. On Rosa canina (Linn.), Dog Rose. On the leaflets, the gallis the shape and size of a large pea, smooth, with a few large spines projecting from it, yellowish green, or white, tinted with pink orred. Unilocular and unilarval, often deformed by the presence of parasites; caused by the gall-wasp Rhodites rosarum (Giraud). The gall appears in July and falls to the ground at maturity; it bears from two to five sharply-pointed spines. [t is probably common in this district, and I have noticed it in several localities, but it requires a little search and is not nearly so conspicuous as the Robin’s Pincushion. On Crataegus monogyna (Jacq.), Common Hawthorn. Margins of the leaves tightly rolled inwards, colour lighter than the rest of the leaf ; interior of the roll lined with short club-shaped brown hairs; caused by the ~ gall-mite Hriophyes crataegz (Can.) ; common in this district on hawthorn leaves but it probably often escapes observation on account of its unattractive and insignificant appearance; sometimes the incurvature of the leaf-margin extends to the midrib. On Crataegus monogyna (Jacq.), Common Hawthorn. A hawthorn tree quite heavily weighted with large “ witches’ brooms” occurs in Column Ride, Tottenham Park, on the west side of the Ride and about 330 yards south of the Column; “ witches’ brooms” on the hawthorn are very rare, and this splendid example is well worth photographing ; the causer of the hawthorn “ brooms” is at present unknown, but it is possibly a gall- _ mite belonging to the genus Hriophyes, for it is one of these acarids | that causes the very familiar ‘‘ witches’ brooms” on birch trees, which | will be referred to later. Another hawthorn with incipient “brooms” | grows not far from the tree above mentioned. On Lpilobium angustifolium (Linn.), Rose-bay Willow-herb. Leaf | margin abruptly folded downwards and puckered at irregular intervals ; the | galling occurs chiefly near the apex and the fold is tenanted by mites ; it | has been observed near Haslemere, in Surrey, and in Germany, and I have noticed the folded leaves at the top of Hatchet Lane, Great Bedwyn, and also near Burridge Heath ; the mite has not been identified. 358 East Wiltshire Plant-Galls. On Cornus sanguinea (Giraud), Dogwood. Galls in the form of a trun- cated cone, developed chiefly on the under side of the leaf; the cone is divided into two or three lobes at the apex, which is on the inferior surface; — , the gall is pale green becoming purple or reddish ; larvae orange-yellow ; caused by the gall-gnat Oligotrophus corni (Giraud). In fair quantity in Chisbury Wood and also extending for some distance in a hedge near Wilton Brails. These galls are large and very distinctive ; they are not common in Britain, but-have been recorded from several counties. On Viburnum Lantana (Linn.), Mealy Guelder Rose, Wayfaring Tree. Green or redish minute pustules, often very numerous and coalescent, on the upper surface of the leaf, covered with stiff hairs; the opening is on the interior surface, and is surrounded by a mass of hairs; the interior is lined with hairs, amidst which the mites may be found in hundreds ; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes viburni (Nal.); I have seen the pustules of this gall on leaves of the Wayfaring Tree near Froxfield, and in another locality near Great Bedwyn. On Galium verum (Linn.), Yellow Bedstraw. Stems and flower stalks deformed and swollen ; galls solitary or gregarious and coalescent, glossy, rounded, about 8 mm. in diameter, green at first, then reddish-brown ; larvae yellow ; caused by the gall-gnat Perissia gala (H. Low); this gall is found ngar Great Bedwyn, but is by no means widely distributed, | occurring chiefly in the south and east of England. I noticed it in Tottenham Park. On G. Mollugo (Linn.), Hedge Bedstraw. Leaf margins rolled, bent, and contorted, often sickle-shaped; caused by the gall mite Hriophyes galu (Karp.); a plant galled in this way occurred in a hedgebank between Great Bedwyn and Crofton, and also near Folly Farm; a gall that was 4 found by Mr. Swanton at Newton Abbot, in Devon, in July, 1915, and at Penshaw, in Durham, in August, 1915, by Mr. R. Bagnall and was recorded in Mr. Swanton’s paper, “ New British Plant Galls,” referred to above. | Goose-grass (Galium Aparine) galled in the same way by the same mite was observed near the Wansdyke at Bedwyn. On G. uliginosum (Linn.), Rough Water Bedstraw. Galls artichoke-like, consisting of a mass (about the size of a pea) of a dozen or more shortened leaves with swollen bases and often tinted purplish or red ; caused by the gall-gnat Perrisia galiicola (F. Low) ; in some quantity on marshy ground near Stype ; the G’. ulzginosum in this locality grew in very close associa- tion with G. palustre, the plants being sometimes almost interlaced, and — it was interesting to note how with unerring instinct the gall-gnat had galled the G. uliginosum, leaving the G. palustre severely alone, although the plants are so much alike that even an experienced botanist gives them — a second glance before he finally separates them ; the French cecidologist Houard, however, in “‘ Les Zoocécidies des Plantes d’ Europe et du Bassin dela Mediterranée ” gives a record by Kieffer of Perrisia galvicola galling G. palustre in Britain and this gall is recorded from the Continent. On Centaurea Scabiosa (Linn.), Greater Knapweed. Well-defined | By Cecil P. Hurst. 359 rounded pustules 2 to 4 mm. in diameter on the radical leaves, projecting from both surfaces, chiefly on the inferior; colour greenish, becoming dark violet or black at maturity ; opening situated in the centre of a depression on the upper surface ; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes centaureae(Nalepa). One of our less common galls which occurred on a chalky slope near Shalbourne and was observed on a bank by Wilton Water, near Crofton, in a chalk pit near Chilton Foliat, and in other localities. Although generally a rare gall, only recognized as British in 1909, it seems well distributed in this district and was noticed on the Wansdyke near Alton Barnes by Mr. J. H. Adams. On Sonchus arvensis (Linn.), Corn Sow-thistle. Gregarious circular patches on the radical leaves; green at first, becoming red or purple, glabrous or glossy ; the swelling is the more pronounced on the superior surface but the opening for the escape of the larva is on the lower surface ; caused by the gall-gnat Cystiphora hieraci (FE. Loew) ; ina cultivated field between Botley Great Copse and Marten, also near Newtown, Shalbourne ; one of our rarer galls which is only recorded from the South of England. On Campanula glomerata (Linn.), Clustered Bell Flower. Inflorescence galled by the gall-mite Hriophyes campanulae ; in some quantity round a chalk pit on the east of Bedwyn Brails. I also saw a galled plant in a chalk pit near Shalbourne. Mr. Swanton wrote :—‘“I received it from Winchester in 1918. When compiling the catalogue for my gall book, I overlooked Houard’s record of this gall for the British Isles, as occurring on Campanula rotundifolia. Your UC’. glomerata record is therefore apparently the second notification of the occurrence of Hriophyes campanulae galls on that plant.” On Fraxinus excelsior (Linn.), Common Ash. On a petiole or more frequently on the midrib of a leaflet ; elongated pouch-like galls, opening by a slit on the upper surface in September ; tinted with reddish-brown or purple; larvae orange-coloured, gregarious; caused by the gall-gnat Perrisia fraxine (Kieffer); on the leaves of an ash near Sicily Cottages, Great Bedwyn. On Gentiana Amarella (Linn.), Autumnal Gentian. Inflorescence galled probably by the gall-mite Hriophyes Kerneri (Nalepa) causing * doubling ” of the flowers, that is, the stamens are changed into petals ; this gall is not very uncommon on chalk downs around Great Bedwyn and this is ap- parently the first record for the British Isles. Mr. Swanton, to whom I sent specimens from the chalk downs between Rivar and Botley, wrote :— “ The gall on Gentiana Amarella is new to me and [ am not aware of a previous British record. On the Continent the galls in the flowers of several species of gentian are attributed to the presence of the gall-mite EKriophyes Kernert and presumably this mite gave rise to the galls you found, but I have not been able to find it.” On Veronica chamaedrys (Linn.), Germander Speedwell. The terminal leaves, covered with a felt of white hairs, have their margins more or less united, with the under surface outwards, forming a pouch containing the orange-yellow larvae ; caused by the gall-gnat Perrisia veronicae (Vallot) ; 360 Kast Wiltshire Plant-Galls. an exceedingly common gall, abundant around Great Bedwyn and occurring throughout the British Isles; one of the few felt-like galls caused by the presence of dipterous larvae, the majority of which arise from the attacks of mites, the felt often appears on the surface of a leaf which is normally quite smooth. On Thymus Serpyllum (Linn.), Wild Thyme. Flower head and terminal leaves deformed, the leaves elongated and swollen ; the whole covered with an abundant white pilosity resembling cotton wool; occurring from May to October ; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes Thomasi (Nalepa); on wild thyme near Cobham Frith Wood, Savernake Forest, and elsewhere ; a rather common gall. On Nepeta hederacea (Trev.), Ground Ivy. Globular fleshy swellings on the leaves (rarely on the stem), varying in size from that of a pea toa marble ; pubescent, usually solitary ; yellowish green becoming suffused with red or purple; the cells are fleshy at first, very hard at maturity ; caused by the gall-wasp Aulax glechomae (Linn.). I think I have seen this very conspicuous gall in or near Wilton Brails Wood, Great Bedwyn, and in one or two other stations, but it is not common in this neighbour- bourhood ; Réaumur remarks that in his time these galls were eaten by the French peasants. . On Buxus sempervirens (Linn), Common Box. The leaves at the ex- tremity of a branch deformed and bent into a hemispherical gall resembling a cabbage in miniature; grey or light brown; caused by the homopterous insect, Psylla buxi(Linn.),one of the so-called springing plant-lice(Psyllidz); on the dwarf box forming edgings in Ivy House garden, Great Bedwyn. On Juglans regia (Linn.), Walnut Tree. Swollen rounded patches 13 to 15 mm. in diameter, and about 5 mm. high, chiefly on the upper surface of the leaf; the concavity below is lined with a felt of white filiform hairs ; caused by the gall-mite Hrzophyes tristriatus (Nalepa), var. erunea; on a walnut tree in Brook Street, Great Bedwyn, also very fine on walnut leaves, near Chisbury Lane. On Urtica diotca (Linn.), Greater Stinging Nettle. Unilocular, rounded, greenish-white swelling, 3 to 8 mm. in diameter, usually at the base of the leaf, with an elongated aperture on the upper surface; becoming violet at maturity ; sometimes occurring on the stems and flower stalks ; larva white ; caused by the gall-gnat Perrisca urticae (Perris). On nettle leaves at Oak- hill, Froxfield, tinted violet; a common gall affording an instance of hypertrophy of hairs on the galled parts of a plant, the white larvae leave the gall in autumn and pupate in the earth. On Betula alba (Linn.), Common Birch. Dense masses of long twiggy outgrowths on the branches, often springing from a large woody core ; forming a “ witch’s-broom ” ; the majority, if not all, of the “brooms” on birches in the south of England are caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes rudis (Canest.); ‘‘ witches’-brooms” on birches are not uncommon in Savernake Forest, especially between Marlborough and Cadley; in Scot- land they are caused by the fungus Hxoascus turgidus. The beginning of By Cecil P. Hurst. | 361 a “ witch’s-broom ” is a swollen bud; the axis of the shoot is seen to be pubescent in March, and yields mites in abundance late in the month, if the weather is mild; the buds on affected shoots are shorter, more globose and open earlier than normal ones ; the attraction of sap to the spot causes - the development of an enormous number of twigs which grow from a core that increases year by year ; some of the very large ‘‘ brooms ” occasionally geen on birches must be of many years’ duration, for they grow very slowly. On Alnus glutinosa (Linn.), Common Alder. Little subspherical red excrescences on the upper surface of the leaf, about the size of a hemp- seed, constricted at the base. These pimples open on the inferior surface by a mouth situated on a slight swelling surrounded by a circular de- pression; the interior is lined with cylindrical hairs that are not visible externally ; caused by the gall-mite Hriophyes laevis (Nalepa). Common on alder leaves in this district, very plentiful in an alder copse near Bagshot, Shalbourne. The galls are at their best in August, and not infrequently alder bushes around ponds have the majority of their leaves attacked by Eriophyes laevis ; a spray of leaves gathered from such a bush probably harbours millions of mites ! On Quercus robur(Linn.), Common Oak. Bud greatly enlarged,resembling a hop-cone or very small artichoke; the scalesare imbricated and enlarged ; there is a cavity between the central ones, at the bottom of which lies a small, hard, ovoid gall, containing the larva ; caused by the presence of the larva of the gall-wasp Andricus fecundator (Adler), The Artichoke Gall ; probably rather common in the district, very fine specimens occurred on young oak in a valley near Wilton Water; the gall-wasp Andricus pilosus, which is the alternate of A. fecundator, appears in the middle of June; the female attacks the axillary buds of the oak, giving rise to the above gall ; the scales of the leaf bud become greatly hypertrophied and the true gall lies in their midst; it is small, pear-shaped, green at first, brown at maturity, becoming hard and woody. On Quercus robur (Linn.), Common Oak. Gall developed from a terminal bud, rounded, fleshy, smooth, yellowish tinted with reddish-brown, varying in size from that of a walnut to a small apple ; in section showing numerous ovoid larval cavities, with the longer axis parallel to the branch which bears the gall; caused by the presence of tha larva of the gall-wasp Biorrhiza pallida (Oliv.), the familiar Oak-apple, probably common in the district, I have seen Oak-apples from Wilton Brails and from near Wilton Water ; an “apple” was worn on the 29th May to commemorate the return of Charles II. to England on that date (his birthday) and his escape after the Battle of Worcester; the custom still survives in some parts of the kingdom. On Quercus robur (Linn.), Common Oak. On the lower surface of the leaf, a button-like gall, 4 to 5 mm. in diameter, below almost plane, glabrous, and whitish, attached to the leaf by a short and slender stalk ; the upper surface of the gall is conical, yellowish-white, and closely covered with ~ 362 Hast Wiltshire Plant-Galls. purplish or brown hairs, often densely gregarious ; caused by the presence of the larvae of the gall-wasp NVeuroterus baccarum (Linn.), form lenticularis; the Common Spangle Gall, abundant on the under surface of oak leaves around Great Bedwyn ; it somewhat resembles a miniature crimson button raised in the centre. On Quercus robur (Linn.), Common Oak.. Appearing below buds on the twigs and branches; gall spherical, 12 to 23 mm. in diameter, at first green, then yellow, finally brown, often sprinkled with little nodosities; its parenchyma is yellowish- brown, firm, but easily cut witha knife; it appears from the side of a bud which remains intact; solitary, gregarious, or coalescent; caused by the gall-wasp Oynips Kollari (Hartig); the well- known Marble Gall, common in this district; although now so plentiful everywhere, it was probably unknown in this country prior to 1830, about which time it seems to have been brought to Exmouth in connection with the cloth manufacture at Exeter, Tiverton, and other places in the West of England, but whether for dyeing purposes is not quite certain ; the insects escaping, the gall gradually appeared throughout Devon, and thence spread through the entire country and it is now everywhere abundant. It was at one time thought it would prove very injurious to our oaks, but happily this fear has proved quite unfounded; a lot of nonsense was spoken and written about the destruction of the oak, and in 1852 the labourers were exhorted to “rally round the pig,” it being maintained that the acorn crop was being destroyed and the farmers ruined ; the gall is now abundant over the whole of Britain, and our oaks are none the worse. : On Fagus sylvatica (Linn.), Common Beech. Upon -the midrib or a lateral vein, on the upper surface of the leaf; gall soft, hairy, ovoid, bluntly pointed, 1 to 2 mm. in diameter, walls thin and fragile, covered with white or brown hairs; unilocular, becoming detached at maturity, leaving a circular scar on the leaf ; larva white ; caused by the gall-gnat Oligotrophus annulipes (Hartig); fairly common on beech leaves in Savernake Forest, but not very noticeable unless one especially searches for it; somewhat resembling the “‘ Nail Gall” of lime trees. On Fagus sylvatica (Linn.), Common Beech. Densely tufted mass of short twigs on the branches and trunk; those on the branches sometimes resemble a ‘“‘ witch’s broom” ; supposed to be caused by an undetermined species of gall-mite (Hriophyes); I noticed several beech trees bearing ‘““ witches’ brooms” in the north of Savernake Forest, not far from the London and Bath Road. On Fagus sylvatica (Linn.), Common Beech. Branches much cankered and hypertrophied; the swellings often tumour-like and large ; at one time supposed to have been caused by the fungus. Wectria ditissema; it 1s probable that it is induced by aphides ; beeches with branches and trunks bearing large tumour-like swellings are not uncommon in Savernake Forest. On Salix triandra (Linn.), Almond-leaved willow. Elongated or reni- | form swelling, resembling a small bean, showing almost equally on both surfaces of the leaf, 10 mm. by 5mm. maximum size, appearing in June. By Cecil P. Hurst. 268 Surface corrugated, green at first, then more or less tinted with red ; solitary or gregarious, unilocular, never seated on the midrib; each gall contains a single larva, green on the back, lighter underneath, with a brown head, caused by the saw fly Pontania proxima (Lepel) ; occurring on S. triandra close to Church Lock on the Kennet and Avon Canal at Great Bedwyn ; I also noticed it on the south side of the canal near the Lock House, between Great Bedwyn and Crofton; a first record for the British Isles, Mr. Swanton writing :—“I am not aware of a record of galls by Pontania proxima on Salix triandrain Great Britain or Ireland.”’ It was also seen near Shalbourne. On S. fragilis (Linn.), Crack Willow. The gall is similar to that on S. triandra described above and is caused by the same saw fly, Pontania proxima (Lepel); a very common and familiar gall, generally plentiful wherever there are Crack Willows in this district and elsewhere. On S. Alba (Linn.), Common White Willow. Somewhat similar to the gall on S. treandra described above, but Cameron remarks that “the galls on S. alba are usually pale green, rarely bright red, and hairy below” ; occurring in a hedge by the Canal at Great Bedwyn, where the galls were distinctly reddish ; caused by the saw-fly Pontania proxima (Lepel) and usually plentiful where there are White Willows. I also observed this gall on White Willows at Dod’s Down. On S. purpurea (Linn ), Purple Osier. A spherical swelling 7 to 12 mm. in diameter on the lower surface of the leaf, to which it is attached by a point ; glabrous, green, yellow, or red; it appears on the upper side of the leaf merely as a rounded reddish spot; the gall is reduced to a thin shell before the larva quits it ; caused by the saw-fly Pontania saliczs (Christ.). Rather plentiful in a hedge on the south side of the Kennet and Avon Canal between Great Bedwyn and Crofton. A very ornamental gall, the little red spheres contrasting prettily with the glaucous blue leaves. On S. caprea (Linn.), Great Willow. Ovoid or spherical swelling, 1 to 5 mm. in diameter on both surfaces of the leaf, yellowish-green or pale yellow, often tinted with violet or reddish-purple above; gregarious or coalescent ; opening inferior, rounded, larval cavity containing a single larva, white at first, then orange, red at maturity ; caused by the gall-gnat Oligotrophus capreae (Winn.); in Bedwyn Brails, Wilton Brails, and near Newtown, Shalbourne, On S. cinerea (Linn.), Grey Willow or Sallow. Bean-like swelling on the leaf, oblong, dark green, small and hairy; caused by the saw-fly Pontania proxima (Lepel). Wilton Brails, Bedwyn Brails, andin Foxbury Wood. On Populus nigra (Linn.), Black Poplar. A Black Poplar occurred on the eastern edge of Bedwyn Brails Wood bearing three very distinct galls on the leaves :—(1) a pimple-like swelling on the upper surtace of the leaf, with corresponding depression below lined with hairs caused by a mite (Eriophyes) at present undetermined : (2) a pouch-like gall on the petiole due to the aphis Pemphigus bursarius (Linn.) : and (8) galls on the midrib 364 East Wiltshire Piant-Galls. near the petiole caused by the aphis Pamphigus filaginis var. marsupials. Mr. Swanton tells me the last gall is a new record for the British Isles and that it is described and figured in Houard’s “ Zoocécidies des Plantes d’ Europe.” I collected fine specimens of the last mentioned The county boundary runs along the line described from the foot of Old Dyke Lane to Inwocd Copse and beyond. S. of Old Dyke Lane the land | is low and wet and from the levels it is probable that at the far-off time when the dyke was made, there was a marsh, or very possibly a lake, between the site of Inwood Copse and the foot of the downs, and that the dyke rested on this. Sir R. C. H. says that at Sadler’s Farm Wansdyke “makes a direct angle to the S. and pursues its course through some corn | fields into a wood, by some called Bull’s coppice, and by others Ryever’s | wood, where all vestiges of it terminate.” He adds that it pointed to the ‘base of a steep down, on which stood Waillbury, but that its course would have been easily found had it crossed the down. It is clear from this that | Ryever’s Wood cannot be identified either with Rivar Copse, or with Little Rivar Copse, both of which hang on the slope of the hill. The writer was told by the Vicar of Inkpen in 1914 that Inwood Copse is the remnant of a much larger wood, cleared comparatively recently, which covered the fields to the E. of it, but that there had always been a stretch of open ground between the woods and the foot of the downs. PROVED 402 Wansdyke. Its course through EL. and SL. Wiltshire. and runs to Old Dyke Lane. It is well marked down the W. side of XXXVII this lane and crosses the field beyond, at least as far as the oi * corner of Lower Spray Copse. Beyond this it probably runs ; through a spinney and is to be seen in the field-bank beyond as far as the S.W. corner of Inwood Copse. It is doubtful if it goes beyond this, and the writer is disposed to regard this as its terminal point. ; A field-bank continues from the copse to the foot of the down, but its antiquity is doubtful, and there is no sign of the dyke ever having climbed the down, where traces of it should be plainly visible, had it ever crossed the down, as the land has never been under cultivation. The South-Eastern Branch of Wansdyke. Sir R. Colt Hoare found a branch of Wansdyke running 8. from Merril Down, and professes to give a complete description of its course. He describes it from S. to N. as follows :— ‘“The ditch is visible at a place on the Andover road, called Park House, from whence it takes a northerly course, over Wick and Chute Downs, through Collingbourne woods to Scots-poor. . . . From thence it directed | its course to Shalbourne Down, and crossing thevalley,and great road leading | from Salisbury to Hungerford, penetrated Brail Wood ; from whence issuing, | it crossed the road leading from Great Bedwin to Shalbourne,and ascending | the high ground at the corner of a wood, united itself with the real Wansdyke on Merril Heath. I can speak with positive certainty about this line of | bank and ditch, having traced it myself during the whole distance : and it will be found accurately laid down on the maps affixed to the Station of Everley, No. VI., Hist. of N. Wiltshire, p. 20.” This seems sufficiently definite. But when the would-be explorer turns for guidance to the Station of Everley and the map referred to, he finds | only a rather rambling account of a series of disconnected banks and ditches, | which Sir R. C. H. supposed to be more or less parts of a continuous work. | The map shows no more, and its scale and the apparent omission of many | features of the country make it difficult to identify several of the lines of | earthwork shown on it. There is, moreover, no indication in either text or | map of the course supposed to be taken by the ditches referred to between | Park House and Wick Down, or between Shalbourne Down and Bedwyn | Brail. Possibly in the first case they are to be looked for among the dykes | that radiate from Sidbury Camp. | Sir R. C. H.’s works are not very accessible, and, as his authority stands | deservedly high, it will be as well to summarise his account of the ditches | in question, so that the reader may judge for himself how far it answers | his claim in the passage quoted above. The original will be found under | Station No: VI., Everley, The Ancient History of South Wiltshire, pp. 186-7. | On Wick Down, a common between Ludgershall and Collingbourne Ducis, | are the unmutilated remains of a bank and ditch,running irregularly from E. | to W., but soon lost in the arable lands on each side. On the W. they seem | to point to Windmill Hill, on which there isa similar bank. Eastwards | By Albany Ff, Major, O.BL. 403 this bank and ditch point towards Collingbourne Wood, and a woodman told Sir R. C. H. that a bank and ditch were visible in two places in Oxdown Copse. About 320 yards N. of Collingbourne Lodge a large bank and ditch corresponding in character are to be seen in the copse wood, and these shortly after issue from the wood in a very bold form and cross Chute Down. Sir R. C. H. lost their traces in the valley, but was informed that they continue along the ridge to Gammon’s Barn, where they are again very visible and continue along the left side of the road to Scot’s Poor : where they continue their devious course behind the public-house. Sir R. C. H. saw another bank and ditch about a mile further on, diverging more towards the E., and was told that these quitted the county of Wilts near Henley. Theother bank proceeds N.W.,and crosses the Roman road a little E. of Tidcombe Great Barrow. Another bank and ditch take a more northerly direction and appear first on the opposite side of the valley in which the village of Tidcombe lies. They afterwards become very visible on the edge of the down, bearing towards the point of a hill distinguished by a clump of trees on a long barrow, beneath which is a small circular barrow ditched round : and the constructors of the bank and ditch evidently made use of one of the valla of the barrow for the bank. Our bank and ditch cross the corner of Botley Coppice and continue their track over Shalbourne Down, but gradually diminish in size and separate into two branches, like the streams of a river; then making an acute angle they descend from the hill and traverse the arable lands to the Hungerford road. The first bank and ditch continue their course along the down for some distance and are then lost on the declivity of the hill. I think both the reader and anyone who tries to follow on the 6in. map the course of the bank and ditch, which Sir R. C. H. is describing, will agree that its track is very disjointed, and that it is difficult to distinguish between it and other banks and ditches mentioned. His own map, as I have said, does not clear up these difficulties. The writer, in his attempt to follow the course of this branch of Wansdyke, proceeded from N. to S., viz., in a direction opposite to that taken by Sir R. C. H., and was guided only by the map and his own observations. This plan had this advantage, that it started from a known point of the dyke itself. He has not, however, been able at present to go over the ground a second time,soas to compare his conclusions with the indications given by the great Wiltshire archeologist : but the notes to the following description of the course on the 6in. map of this branch of Wansdyke, as traced by him, will show where further in- vestigation seems desirable. Itinerary IT. XXXVII. From the point where the dyke divides on Merrill Down the N.W. S.E. branch runs due 8. to the corner of Round Copse, runs XXXVII. through this diagonally, in the direction of S.W., and continues S.W. down a hedgerow almost to the bottom of a field between the copse and the high road. Before reaching the road it appears to turn 8. and run first through the field, then along the roadside-hedge to where three roads and two trackways meet by a signpost marked “GP.” onthe map. Here it crosses the road nearest Bedwyn Brail and 404 Wansdyke. Its course through E. and S.E. Wiltshire. runs diagonally across a great arable field lying between the road and the Brail, its course being marked by a line of whitish stones. It makes towards a jutting angle of Castle Copse,! but misses this by a few yards, and runs, practically parallel with the eastern edge of the Brail, along a hedgerow which ends northwards in the air just beyond the angle of the copse. From the 8. end of this hedge traces of the dyke seem to be lost along the next field, but it reappears beyond upon rough ground between the Brail and Wilton Down, and keeps its course a little E. of the edge of the Brail as far as an angle in the road between the Brail and the down. There it follows the road for a short distance but just before coming to the field E. of Hill Barn it crosses the road into a - grass field opposite. It runs through this 8.E., almost at right angles to its former direction, to the 8S. corner of the fisbal Its course is then along the edge of Wilton Domne which it separates from the arable to the 8.W., as far as the Salisbury—Hungerford road. There it appears to cross the road and the sharp angle of an arable field opposite and to follow the W. side of the road to Oxenwood as far as Great Botley Copse,? The road is sunk well below the side of the field, but the plough has effaced any definite trace of the dyke on the edge of the field for the greater part of the way to the copse. XLII J ust before coming to the copse the parish boundary referred NW ' to in the notes, and with it the dyke, which here becomes fairly ; evident, leave the road in order to keep on the brow of the hill, which begins to rise high above the roadway. So they continue till they reach Great Botley Copse, when the boundary goes off E., while the dyke keeps on into the copse, running nearly due S., and shortly joining a drive through the copse, but leaving it again just before it reaches the S. edge of the copse.* Thence it crosses a stretch 1 Castle Copse is part of Bedwyn Brail, and Mr. O. G. 8S. Crawford | informs the writer that he has traced Wansdyke into the copse. Whether | his route agrees at all with that here described is not known. Sir R. C. H. shows fragments of a dyke in “the Bedwyn woods,” but it is difficult to ' identify their position, as the outlines of the woods in his maps differ from ~ | their present extent, and the scale of his maps is so small. 2 Wilton Down is seamed with earthworks, which deserve careful investi- gation. In particular there seems to be a great quadrangular enclosure, bounded on the N.W. by the hedge of the grass field and on the S.W. by the dyke along Wilton Down as far asa sharp angle in the boundary between it and the plough. 3 A parish boundary follows the road for about two-thirds of the way to the copse, and there its place is taken by the county boundary. ‘ On Rivar Down, N.E. of Great Botley Copse, (Sir R. C, H’s“ Shalbourne | Down,”) is the dyke described by him as separating into two branches. It apparently continues through the copse, and is visible to the S.W. of it, where it runs into the “Intrenchments” shown on the map beside two barrows. One of these, apparently a long barrow, is hidden in the copse, and they are probably the barrows with a clump of trees on one of them described by Sir R. C. H., “ Botley Coppice” having apparently since been enlarged so as to include the clump of trees. By Albany F. Major, O. BE. 405 of rough grass, very marshy and full of rushes, where it looks as if it were nothing more than a slight drainage ditch, and after crossing a trackway is lost in a big arable field. Southwards this field runs up in an angle between the trackway and a green road that skirts the W. side of Great Botley Copse. The dyke crosses this angle, though its track has been effaced by the plough : but it can be distinctly seen coming down out of the arable into the green road some distance down. It follows the green road, which at the foot of the hill, where it crosses the road from Oxenwood to Tidcombe, becomes the highway to Scot’s Poor and Chute Causeway, its course being shortly merged in the course of the Roman road from Winchester to Marlborough (Cunetio) and Cirencester. The dyke follows this road, on one side or the other, as far as Scot’s Poor. After passing on the W. Tidcombe Long Batrow! and XLUI. descending the hill below the 800ft. contour line there is asmall S.-W. rectangular earthwork, not marked in the map, perhaps an old pond, on the W. of the road and close to it, at the foot of the slope. Just beyond this the dyke, marked as “ Ditch” in the map, leaves the road and keeps up the hill behind a plantation to the W. and so con- tinues to the junction of the roads at Scot’s Poor. Hence the Dyke continues 8.W. along the W. side of the lane lead- ing to Collingbourne Wood and is very well marked as far as Gammon’s Farm. Just before it reaches this it crosses to the E. side of the lane and the farm is built on it. It apparently continues along the lane, but is not nearly so distinct as on the other side of the farm and is in- deed at times barely traceable. It appears, however, to enter Colling- bourne Wood down White Lane along the W. side of Shawdown Copse. It is difficult to follow it through the undergrowth of the wood, butits general direction would appear to be past Whittle Copse and XLIX. down Oakety Ride to Blackmore Lane, then along the lane to N.W. Blackmore Down, with deviations to one side or the other, to XLVIIE plan which would requirea very carefulsurvey. From Blackmore i, NE ‘ Down a footpath runs straight to Ludgershall Castle and may mark the course of the dyke, or it may have turned W. towards 1 Another dyke crosses the road by ‘tidcombe Long Barrow, running on the one side in,a N.W. direction over Tidcombe Down; and S.S.E. on the other side by a belt of trees on Maccombe Down, turning and running E. at the end of this belt. A fragment of ditch is also shown S, of this by Hungry Lodge. These are no doubt some of the various banks and ditches to which Sir R. C. H. refers in the neighbourhood of Scot’s Poor and Tid- combe Long Barrow, but it is not easy to distinguish them, or to say which was his line for Wansdyke at this point. ?The map—XLIX., N.W.—shows a ditch to the E. of Collingbourne Wood, running N. out of Coldridge Wood over Chute Down, which is evidently the one mentioned by Sir R. C. H. to the N. of Collingbourne Lodge. This house has disappeared, but its enclosure is shown in the N. part of Coldridge Wood. ‘his dyke ends on the map between Bauk’s Hill and Shaw Bottom, pointing towards the EH, side of Shawdown Copse. The map does not show any bank and ditch in Oxdown Copse. 406. Warady lee Its course through EL. and SL. Wiltshire. the ditches on Windmill Hill referred to by Sir R. C. H., which seem to point towards Sidbury Camp. The ditches on Wick,Down mentioned by him do not appear to have any connection with those we have been considering. Sir R. Colt Hoare, as shown above, professed to have traced this South- Eastern branch of Wansdyke as far as Park House on the Amesbury— Andover road, but he does not indicate its route further S. than Wick Down, or Windmill Hill, between Ludgershall and Sidbury Camp. ~ If it ran to the latter, ditches carrying it further 8S. could no doubt be found in that focus of _ diverging trackways and ditches. There is also a ditch shown on WILTS, XLVIIL., S.E., starting about a mile 8.E. of Ludgershall Castle and running for another three-quarters of a mile over Perham Down to Lambdown Furze. This would carry on the line past Ludgershall directly towards Park House. It appears, however, to consist only of a ditch with no trace of a vallum and the writer has been informed by Mr. Percy Farrar (who examined sections of it during the construction of Perham Down Camp, which is right across it), that this is so and that there is clear evidence that it was only a trackway. It cannot be traced on the S. side of Lamb- down Furze, or on Warren Hill immediately beyond, where traces of it should still be visible, had it ever crossed the hill, which has apparently never been under cultivation. Its furthest point S. is some three miles and a quarter from Park House. It is worth noting that the county boundary between Wiltshire and Hampshire skirts the 8S. edge of Lambdown Furze. The question of the origin or use of Wansdyke is too large a one to be entered upon here. As regards the 8.E. branch the writer will merely say that the only direct evidence as to the date of Wansdyke itself, obtained from excavations made by General Pitt-Rivers on the downs near Shep- herds’ Shore and by the Bath and Bristol branch of the Somerset Arch- zological Society near Englishcombe, 8.W. of Bath, goes to show that it was Roman, or Romano-British, and, as has been stated already, the S.E. branch of the dyke appears to be a later construction. If a defensive work, it seems designed to meet the attacks of an enemy advancing west- wards along the downs on the N. border of Hampshire, an attack which would take the main line of the dyke between Great Bedwyn and Inkpen in the rear. It would also cover the Roman road from Old Sarum (Sorbtodunum) to Marlborough (Cunetio). From the hill near Tidcombe Long Barrow there is a magnificent view over a wide stretch of rolling country and the course of the dyke can be surveyed nearly to Great Bed- wyn. No one seeing it from this point can fail to be struck with the skill with which it was designed, if it was intended for such a purpose, or to admire the bold sweep with which it descends from Botley Hill and crosses the valley between it and Tidcombe Down. * 00D PARK, SHOWING x, STEN DIVISIONS J DE BY THE PARL Earl of Castteflaven’s tands Zoe : : _ Taniits Tands Bryan's» ri F i SOrcharde - wet hi pale) RAN GE RS ; es ? Oak a» Greenmoor » A ; 4's mal feo SES ‘ sine oa Tpikins extn, GG » } oO’ * . Se Rek Hitt way = red Hollands Moor de oo at eae 2\ Cults Comer \, Coppiicn Se Ablot's Waste Sr Bara f ™ Doogola\ ) Clump = Tow fy 407 KING’S BOWOOD PARK [No, IL] By THe EArt oF Kerry. Bowood, or “ King’s Bowewood Park ”—as it was still sometimes called as late as the 18th century—formed part of the Forest of Chippenham, which with other lands in this neighbourhood, constituted the royal domain _of the Saxon Kings. Their property passed by right of conquest to their Norman successors, and Chippenham Forest thus continued as an appanage of the Crown until the Civil War. No boundaries, unfortunately, are given in Domesday Book, and this survey merely tells us that ‘‘ Chepeham Wood ” was “four miles in length and breadth ”—a rather unsatisfying description for the antiquary, as 1s also the bald statement that ‘‘ Chepeham pasture” was two miles long and one mile broad. Some two centuries later, however, perambulations of the royal forests began to be made, and there iare several surveys of these relating to _ Chippenham, or Pewsham, as it was then alternatively called. The earliest _ appears to be a return made by a jury at Malmesbury, by order of a royal commission, in the year 1275. This, though quoted by Canon Jackson in his paper on the History of Chippenham,’ I have been unable to discover _amongst the Public Records. _ Next in order of date are two perambulations at the British Museum, dated respectively 1279 (7 Ed. I.) and 1300 (28 Ed. I.).? Finally there are two more surveys, made during the reign of Edward III. amongst the _ Forest Rolls at the Record Office.* It will be sufficient for the purpose of this paper to quote one of these perambulations, in all of which the _ boundaries given are substantially the same. PERAMBULATION OF CHIPPENHAM ForgEst, tentp. Edward III.+ ‘The officials of the Forests of Pewesham, Chippenham, and Melkesham, with twelve free men say ... . that (in the time of King Henry son of King John) the bounds of the Forest of Pewesham and Chippenham began at the bridge of Stanleghe, and from the said bridge (ran) along the high way which leads out of the gate of Stanleghe, and so along the same way through the middle of the town of Stodlegh as far as the bridge of Sandburne, and the south part of the aforesaid town of Stodlegh is in the forest; and thence along the watercourse as far as the bridge of Fynamor, and from there 1 Wilts Arch. Mag., vol. ii1., p. 34. 2 Stowe MS., 798, fol. 10 and 27. Both these surveys are ‘recited’ in a MS. of 3 Car. I. amongst the Longleat papers. There is a copy of this | document in the Public Library at Salisbury. | ® Huchequer: Treasury of Receipt: Forest Proceedings, No. 225. Slide INO: 225. m. 1. 408 King’s Bowood Park. as the way through Wetam as far as Horenescroys, and from there to the breach of Woden’s dyke, and so along the highway as far as Horsleperithe; and from there as the road goes up to the house of Seman de la Heth; and the said house is outside the forest ; and so along the same way to ‘“‘la Asche’; and from there as the way goes as far as the bridge of Ebrigge, and so along the water of Avon as far as the water that is called Merkedene; and it crosses the water of Avon and goes so along the water of Merkedene as far as the bridge of Stanlegh. And within these bounds there are no woods disafforested according to the perambulation.” From the above it will be found quite a simple matter to trace the old boundaries on the map, though one or two of the places mentioned require some explanation. * The bridge of Sandburne”’ was evidently at thie point where the Whetham stream used to run into the Marden: there is reason to believe that this brook was diverted when the turnpike road was made from Chippenham to Calne, and that it formerly debouched into the river where the New (Conigre) Mill now stands. Sandburne or Sambourne bridge would therefore, have © been close to this mill, and several hundred yards lower down the stream than the present bridge at the Black Dog Siding. , ‘“Fynamore” is the old name for Whetham, and here again it seems likely that the bridge mentioned was not where the present road bridge stands, but immediately in front of Whetham House. ‘“‘ Horenescroys” becomes easier to understand in the other Forest Roll perambulation, where it appears as “the cross before the house of Horn.” The family of Horn are frequently mentioned in the Money Kyrle MSS. of the 13th century, and it would seem that they must have had their home, and their “cross,” somewhere close to Wans House, probably at Wans Corner. ‘The “breach” of Wodens Dyke appears to indicate the spot where Wans House now stands, and Horslaperithe, Horsleperd, or Horslepride, is (as later documents prove), the gate into the southernmost point of Bowood. “La Asche,” elsewhere given as “‘the Ash Tree of Lacok,” or as “ Fraxum de Lacok,” has left its position sufficiently marked by the farms of Ash and Nash Hill: and “ Ebrigge” is easily identified with Rey Bridge. Thus a glance at the Ordnance map will show that Bowood occupied the south-western portion of the ‘parent’ forest, though it did not touch its outer boundaries except at one or two points. It seems probable that part of the intervening area had from an early date become ‘assart lands,’ 2.e., ground cleared of trees, fenced, and leased for purposes of husbandry, and — this supposition is encouraged by the record of the appointment in the year 1307 by Queen Margaret (to whom Melksham and Chippenham had been given on her marriage with Edward I.) of special commissioners charged to “assart, assess, and arrent” her “ wastes” in these and other forests.! There was, however, no material alteration in Chippenham Forest for — the next three centuries. Aubrey tells us that as late as 1600 a deer could 1 Calendar Fine Rolls, Vol. L., p. 551. By the Earl of Kerry. 409 find its way from Chippenham to the south coast, through continuous wood- lands, while in Speed’s county maps, published in 1611, both Chippenham and Melksham forests are shown as areas still thickly wooded. It was not till the advent of the Stuart dynasty that the Pewsham portion of the forest was cleared, and that Bowood began to exist as a separate entity— a change which called forth the doggrel lament :— “When Chipnam stood in Pewsam’s wood before it was destroyed, A cow might have gone for a groate a year, but now it is denoyed.” There is amongst the Bowood MSS. a document which shows that in March, 1608, ““some meadow pasture moorish and alder ground” called Pountismoor, and afterwards known as Norman’s grownds, was by letters patent of King James I. granted to William Dereson and Thomas Ely, “ by the name of assart lands or Purprestures of His Majestie’s soyle.”! The land in question appears to have lain between the Whetham brook and the wooded part of Bowood, and it is probable that other portions of the principal forest were similarly ‘“‘ assarted”” about the same time. Bowood, however, was retained in the King’s hands, and soon afterwards it was “imparked or impalled,”? presumably for the purpose of preserving it as a royal hunting ground. Tradition reports that the King himself used frequently to take part in the chase at Bowood, and thus no doubt the park became known as “King’s Bowood.” The Wiltshire archives tell us something of the method and cost of “‘imparking”’ :— “Wages for Taskeworke without meat & Drinke: Paleing & raylinge with one rayle, fellinge and cleavinge of tymber & digginge of the holes for the posts—for every pearch not above x*, Raylinge with double rayles & fellinge and cleavinge of tymber & digginge of the holes for the postes—for every pearch not above v*.”’3 The earliest map of Bowood belongs to this period.‘ It is little more than an outline, showing four divisions—W hittlemoor Copps, Hasel Copps, Old Copps, and Home Hill—two dwellings, “ Cullis his house ” and “ Thorne his house” on the outskirts of the park, and three gateways—Lockswell, Whittlemoor, and Pouchmore. ‘the divisions were probably old enclosures, which were eliminated when the park was enclosed, for though their boundaries can be followed on the Ordnance map, they do nat correspond with those of the later divisions, while the whole area shown is under 500 acres, aS against the 960 acres comprised in ‘ King’s’ Bowood Park, as con- stituted a few years later. Amongst the favourites of King James J. none was more prominent than Philip Herbert, brother to the third Earl of Pembroke, to whom he even- tually succeeded. ‘‘Comeliness of his person,” we are informed by Clarendon, ' Robert Hort’s purchase deeds of the Buckhill estate, 1679. 2 About 1614. See perambulation of Bowood, infra. 3 Table of Wages. Trowbridge, 1603. 4*“Bowewood in Chipenhm fforrest,” 1612. State Papers Dom., Vol. LXXI., 104. 410 King’s Bowood Park. ‘and his passion for hunting and field sports, drew the King’s eyes towards him with affection,” and though he “ pretended to no other qualification than that he understood dogs and horses,” this knowledge appears to have stood him in good stead. Starting as a gentleman of the chamber, he was created in 1605 Ear] of Montgomery, and honours and rewards were showered upon him in a con- tinuous stream. From an early period in the reign both Herbert and Pembroke seem to have been closely concerned in matters relating to Chippenham Forest; for we find that under date July 20th, 1609, the “decays in the lodges” of Pewsham and Bowood were surveyed and re- ported on for the latter,! while two years later the former received the Wardenship of Pewsham and Blackmore.? It may be assumed that Montgomery accompanied his royal master on his expeditions to Bowood, and eventually (Jan. 23rd, 1619), when the King’s hunting days were, perhaps, over, the favourite was given for his life the custody of the park with its “ herbage and pannage.”? The royal grant authorised him to take from the park forty loads of timber each year ; he was further entitled to two yearly fees from the Receiver of £50 and £40 respectively, the latter being for hay to feed the deer, which it would appear remained the property of the Crown. It is of interest to note that John Pym, Receiver General for Wilts, and member for Calne, was the person responsible for the ad- ministration of this and other crown property in the county. There appear to have been no fresh developments as regards Bowood for some years. Montgomery remained in undisputed possession, and when in 1624 the Earl of Anglesey was given 1193 acres in Chippenham Forest Bowood Park was specially excluded from his grant. Montgomery how- ever, did not for long preserve the confidence of King James’ successor ; the reputation which he earned may be judged by the foleuane lampoon published some time later by the author of Hudibras°: Pembroke’s a Covenanting Lord That ne’er with God or man kept word. One day he’d swear he’d save the King, The next was quite another thing. Still changing with the wind and tide, That he might keep the stronger side. His hawks and hounds were all his care, For them he made his daily prayer, And scarce would lose a hunting season, Even for the sake of darling treason. 1S. P. Dom., Vol. XLVII. 2S. P. Dom., Vol. XLV., Docquet, Aug. 10th, 1611. 3 Stowe U.S. No. 498, fol. 7. See also grant to William Murray infra. 4 Patent Rolls, 22 James I., Pt. 12; cf. Britton, Beauties of Wiltshire, p 546: the Careys and Audleys afterwards inherited the Anglesey lands by | marriage, but Britton is in error in stating that Bowood ever formed part of the Audley property. > Memoirs of the years 49 and 50.—Samuel Butler. By the Earl of Kerry. 411 With the advent of the Civil War King Charles was forced to have re- course to the Crown lands for the purpose of rewarding services and for raising money to carry on the campaign. Bowood then became—Pem- broke’s rights notwithstanding—the subject of three separate grants in as many years, to supporters of the royalist cause. The first of these transactions appears in the following letter dated from York, April 11th, 1642, and signed by Charles I.! The King had fled from London a few months before, and was then on his way to the north, where with the assistance of the Scotch, he hoped to mend his fortunes. CHARLES R. “Trustie & welbeloved, wee greet you well. Whereas by a pticular made by our Surveyor Generall, by our speciall warrant and direction, dated the 19th day of Ffebruary last: it appeareth, that our Parke or Close called Bowood, or Kings Bowood Parke, lyeinge in or neare the p'*** of Chippenham and Calne, in our County of Wilts, conteyneth by estimacon 968 acres or thereabouts, and that the custodie, herbage & pannage of the sayd parke with a ffee of 40" per annum and another of 504 per annum, and an allowance of 40 loads of wood yearly, was granted to our right trustie and right welbeloved Cousin and Counsellor Phillipp Earle of Pembrooke and Montgomerie by our late deare ffather, by his Letters Patent dated 23rd Jan’. in the 17" yeare of his raigne, duringe his life; as alsoe that the improved value thereof is worth over and above the sayd Earle’s ffees and allowances, All which wee having well weighed and consydered, are graciouslie pleased to graunt, unto our ffaythfull servant, William Murray, Esq°*., one of the the groomes of our Bedchamber, his heyres, and assignees for ever, in consideracon of his longe & ffaythfull service, all that our sayd Parke or Close called Bowood or King’s Bowood Parke, with all and singular the rights members & appurtenances thereof, in fee farm to be holden of us our heyres and successors, in ffree and comon Soccage of our Mannor of East Greenewich, in our county of Kent. Reservinge to us our heyres and successors the yearly rent of 20", payeable halfe yearely ; the first payement thereof to be made at the ffeast of St. Michael the Archangel or the Annunciation of the Virgin Marie, which shall first happen after the death of the sayd Earle; with such provisions, ex- ceptions & conditions for secureinge of the rent and prerogatives, as also for the sayd Earle’s enjoyinge of his sayde interest accordinge to his sayd graunt as shall be fitt. For which purpose you are to prepare a graunt thereof accordinglie, fitt for our Royall Signature, and for soe doeinge this shal be your warrant. Given at Yorke this eleventh day of Aprill in the eighteenth yeare of our raigne. “To S. Edward Herbert, Knight, our Attorney Generall.” William Murray, afterwards first Earl of Dysart, was he of whom Burnet wrote that: “he had one particular quality, that when drunk, which 1 Original letter at Bowood: bought at a sale of Scotch MS. in 1859. 412 King’s Bowood Park, was very often, he was upon a most exact reserve.” There seems, indeed, to have been little else which could be said in his favour, for his falsity to both friend and foe wasnotorious. He had been brought up with the King, — and had already received many marks of royal favour. At this time he was being employed as intermediary between Charles I. and the Scotch Covenanters, and the promise of Bowood was doubtless intended as a reward for these services. It is probable that the grant never passed the Great Seal, but however this may be, Murray died in 1650, and does not re-appear in connection. with the subject of this paper. | The second grant was made in July of the following year (1643) when Bowood Park, with other royal forests, was given in trust by Letters Patent to four of the King’s royalist supporters, Richard Spencer, Sir Gervase Clifton, Sir William Walter, and Sir Thomas Fanshaw,who had “ paid divers great sums of money for the King’s pressing necessities.” The Letters Patent no longer survive, but the claim of the King’s creditors made in respect of this grant after the Restoration is on record,! though it would seem that they were unsuccessful in obtaining from Charles IT. the satisfaction which | they sought. Finally there appears Orlando Bridgeman, afterwards Lord Chief Justice, to whom on April 11th, 1644,? Bowood was granted in satisfaction of a sum of £3330, due to him by the King: and as we shall see it was he who eventually secured the prize. | It is safe to assume that these various beneficiaries were unable to ex- ercise the rights conferred upon them in Bowood at the time of their grants, while the execution of the King with the institution of the Common- wealth converted the royal promises for the time being into so much waste paper. The Commonwealth in turn became short of ready money and Acts were passed in 1649 and 1650 for the sale of the estates belonging to the late King. Bowood, however, with Clarendon Park, was specially reserved as security for the payment of the trustees appointed for that purpose, who were permitted to sell ‘‘all the coppices, cordwoods, Pollards and under- woods growing in the said park towards the satisfaction of their salaries.” The Earl of Pembroke was now one of the Parliamentary Trustees, but his death in the following year removed the principal obstacle to the disposal of the property, which was then surveyed for the purposes of sale. The survey is dated Oct. 4th, 1653, and is here reproduced from an old copy found at Bowood, with the omission only of valuations of the trees, aldermoors, and “ vestures” of underwoods and coppices, which in the original follow the description of the boundaries of each of the ten divisions. On the accompanying map (for which I am indebted to Mr. O.G.S. Crawford, F.S.A., of the Ordnance Survey), I have attempted to show the ten sections into which the park was then divided, as well as the positions of 1 Cal. Treasury Books, vol, 1., p. 47. 4 Cal. Treasury Books, vol. i., p. 29. | 2 Firth & Rait, Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, vol. ii., p. 168 and 338. ' By the Earl of Kerry. 413 some of the places mentioned in the perambulation, but long since forgotten. The internal divisions, for the most part, disappeared in the eighteenth century, when, after its purchase by Lord Shelburne, Bowood was once more re-converted into a ‘ Park,’ but by closely following the perambulation (with due allowances for the inaccuracies as to points of the compass which are generally to be found in such documents) they have been reconstituted with, it is hoped, some approach to accuracy. Survey and Valuation of Bowood Park [1653]. A survey of Bowood Park, with the Rights, members, and Appur- tenances thereof, situate, lying, and being, in the parish of Calne, in the County of Wilts ; late parcell of the Possessions of Charles Steuart, late King of England together with the Division thereof into ten parts, made taken and set out by us whose names are hereunto subscribed, by virtue of a commission granted to us, by the Honble the Trustees appointed by Act of the Commons assembled in Parliament, for sale of the Honours Manors and lands, heretofore belonging to the late King, Queen, and Prince under their Hands and seals and divided into ten _ parts by special order and direction of the said Trustees. All that parcell of impalled ground with the appurts commonly called Bowood Park situate lying and being in the parish of Calne in the County of Wilts. Being abutted and bounded towards the East from Mannings Hill Gate unto a stile near Jenkin’s cottage, and thence along unto Cuff’s Gate (both of them being certain Gates into the said park) by a certain common way adjoining unto the said park called Mannings Hill Lane and Nustrell’s Lease! Lane ; and from Cuft’s Gate aforesaid unto Horsle-pride Gate? (another gate into the said park) towards the east and south by the Lane called Ponteres Lane*; and from thence unto Loxfield Heath Gate (another gate into the said park), and so on to a certain cottage wherein now dwells one Jno. Iles, and so thence on to Redhill Gate (alias Derrie Gate) * being abutted all the way from Horslepride Gate aforesaid towards the west, by Ponteres Lane before mentioned and by certain Lands belonging to Sir Edward Bayntun called Loxfield Heath, and by a way called Redhill way 1 In eighteenth cent. called “ Nusterleigh,” now Nuthills. 2 The George Im, Sandy Lane. 3 ater called Powsum Lane, c.f. Pontismoor and present Pondtail. 4 Mr. Goldney notes in the Records of Chippenham that the name of Red ‘Hill was changed to Derry Hill in 1672, both names have, however sur- vived. An xviii century map at Bowood shows Derryhill near Loxwell and Redhill where the village now stands, and the allotment field at Derry- hill is still so called. Bowles (History of remit) suggests that Derryhill ‘jis derived from the former royal possessors of the forest of Chippenham : “De Roy” Hill. Canon Jackson on the other hand conjectures (History ‘of Chippenham: Walts Arch. Mag.) that it is a corruption of “ Dairy” ‘Hill, and that it may have been the farm in Pewsham Forest granted to 'the monks of Bradenstoke by King John for the grazing of their cattle. 414 King’s Bowood Park. leading from the Devizes towards Chippenham. And from Redhill Gate aforesaid along by Studley Gate unto Buckhill Gate! (both gates into the said park) being abutted towards the north by the way leading from Chippenham towards Calne, and by the lands formerly belonging to the Earl of Castlehaven.? And from Buckhill Gate to Mannings Hill Gate, first recited, being abutted towards the east by certain lands called Buckhill lands, Little Lands, and Parsons alias Seager’s Lands.? All which said Park containeth by admeasurement 960 acres one rood and sixteen perches. Which said park we have divided into nine divisions (besides that parcell of Land commonly called Abbots Waste comprehended in the admeasurement aforesaid) which said nine divisions and the said Abbots Waste are set out by several Meers — and Bounds under the several names of Lower Lodge Division, Whitewell Division, Pilpot Division, Upper Lodge Division, Rangers Division, Redhill Division, Studley Division, Bassetts Moor Division, Buckhill Division, and Abbots Waste ; in manner and form following (viz.) :— Ist. Lower Lodge Division. All that part and parcell of the said park which we call the Lower Lodge Division being the East part of the said park as it is now marked and set out by several Meers and Bounds or Bound Marks and part of the Pale surrounding the said Park. Being abutted towards the east and south by Mannings Hill (first mentioned in the boundary of the whole park) unto a Bound Mark at the foot of a little stile beyond a certain cottage ajoining to the said Park called Jenkins Cottage, by Mannings Hill Lane and Nustrell’s Lease Lane before Mentioned ;— eae ee oe ee and from thence returning north west ward and along by the Meers 4 and Bounds unto Whittlemoore brook or gully, and in the same direct ' line by Meers and bounds over the said Whittlemoor and part of * 1 Mervyn Lord Audley and second Earl of Castlehaven—beheaded 1631. — His 3 Robert Seager, alias Parsons, succeeded Roger Norman in the ownership | Monks Hill unto a certain bound mark at the most easterly corner of a certain coppice called Horsle Coppice and parcell of the said Park ; —and thence along towards the north and west rounding by the meers and bounds ‘without the ditch and bank of the said Horsle ~ Coppice unto a bound mark near a certain oak standing near the said ~ Coppice called Lodging Oak, being abutted hitherto on the west and north by Whittwell Division part of the said Park ;—thence along ~ towards the north along by a certain path and way called Lodging Oak | Way, and on the west side of the said way through a certain parcell of the said park called the Hollow woods, along by certain meers and | bounds unto a bound mark against Buckhill Coppice, near the upper end of the moor called Wettrodes, and thence towardes the east along by the said Wettrodes and by the meers and bound marks without the 19 The gateway still standing outside Buckhill Cottage. titles were forfeited but afterwards revived in favour of his son. of Pountismoor. (Purchase deeds of Buckhill Estate.) _ By the Earl of Kerry. 415 bank and ditch of Buckhill Coppice (parcell of the said Park) unto a bound mark by the said ditch and bank at the pale against an orchard now in the tenure of Philip Bryan and near unto his dwelling house, being abutted hitherto on the west and north by parcell of the said Hollow Woods and by Buckhill Coppice aforementioned ;—and thence returning southward, rounding by the pale of the said park unto Mannings Hill Gate, where this division began, being abutted hitherto towards the east by certain lands called Buckhill Lands, Little Lands and Seagers Lands. In which said Lower Lodge Division stan- deth an old Lodge called the Lower Lodge! with a little poor barn and stable standing near the said Lodge with yards, gardens, and Orchards thereunto adjoining and belonging. All which division with the lodge and appurts containeth by admeasurement 93 acres which we estimate to be worth upon improvement per annum £1. xiijs. 11ijd. Memorandum. There isa little fish pond? in this division, near | unto the said Lodge, but the stores thereof have been much destroyed of late. 2, Whitwell Division. All that part and parcell of the said Park which we call Whitwell? Division or Whittlemoor Division, lying and being on ye south west the last recited Division and adjoining thereto, as it is now set out by several meers and bound marks whereby it is divided from the Lower Lodge Division last mentioned and the Pilpot Division, the Rangers Division, and Buckhill Division; being abutted towards the south from the bound mark at the foot of the stile near Jenkins Cottage before nientioned along ye Pale unto Cuffs Gate (being a gate into the said Park) and thence along the pale unto the north east corner of Pilpot Coppice, by Nustrell’s Lease Lane unto Cuffs Corner afore- mentioned in the boundary of the said Park, and from thence north westward by the lower or north east end of Pilpot Copse to the north west corner thereof, and so along by an old bank and ditch adjoining to ye said bank and ditch of Pilpot Coppice, unto a certain bound mark without the said ditch and bank on the west side of a certain way over Whittlemoor called the Washway, the said Bank and ditch being the boundary between this and Pilpot Division ; being abutted — _ hitherto towards the south and west by the said Pilpot Division ;— and thence along by the meers and bound mark on ye west side of the said Washway over part of Wittlemoor unto a certain mark in ye side of said way against the ditch and bank of Hasle Coppice before men- tioned, and thence westward along without ye ditch and bank of ‘| Hasle Coppice unto a certain bound mark against the ends of a 1 On site of Bowood house. 2 The ancestor of the present lake. | 3% Probably so called from the calcareous spring now known as ‘The ‘spouts’ in this division. VoL. XLIL—NO. CXXXV. DER | 416 King’s Bowood Park. | certain way caled Blake Way! (which crosses part of Whittlemoor) and so on westward still unto a certain bound mark on the east side the watering place out of Hasle Coppice, and so round- ing the said watering place by the meers and bounds about the same unto ye said bank and ditch of Hasle Coppice, and so rounding the north-west end of the said coppice, and thence north eastward along by the meers and bound marks without the said ditch and bank of Hasle Coppice unto the bound mark betwixt this Division and the Rangers Division, the Bassetts Moor Division and the Buckhill Division; being abutted hitherto on the west and the south by part of Whittlemoor and the Rangers Division ; and from thence eastward unto the bound mark near Lodging Oak, where is the division line betwixt Lower Lodge Division and Buckhill Division, and so on unto the bound mark in the South east corner of ye said Hasle Coppice, and thence in a straight line crossing Monks Hill? and Whittlemoor unto the bound mark at the foot of a stile where the boundary of this Division [began]; being abutted hitherto towards the north by part.of Buckhill Division and towards the east by the Lower Lodge Division aforesaid. ~ All which said Division called the Whittwell Division, containing per © admeasurement ninety nine acres and three roods, which we estimate © to be worth upon improvement per annum £xlix. xvis. vilid. 4 8rd. Pilpot Division. All that part and parcell of the said Park which we call Pilpot — Division, being the most southerly part of the said Park as it is now © marked and set out by several meers and. bounds or bound marks, and ~ part of ye pale surrounding the said Park; Being abutted towards ye ~ | east and south from the east and south from the east corner of Pilpot ~ Coppice near Cuffs Gate unto the south corner of the said Coppice by — Ponten’s Lane, mentioned in the boundary of the said Park, and from ~ thence north westward along the westerly end of Pilpot Coppice and © ~ overthe Riding and along part of Stinking Lake* Coppice unto a bound ~ mark a little past the middle of Stinking Lake Coppice ; being abutted hitherto on the west by Abbots waste and the bank and ditch thereof; and from the said bound mark geturning north eastward in a straight | line, along by the meers and bound marks down Stinking Lake Copse | and through the middle of ye said Coppice and through a parcell of | Hollow Wood unto ye bound mark at the south end of the Blake way | which goes over part of Wittlemoor, and so on southward over the said | Blakeway unto the bound mark against Hasle Coppice aforesaid; being | 19The Black Way, part of whose course is clearly marked across the | present Washway. | 2 Bowles (History of Bremhill) states that Roman coins found inthe | neighbourhood were formerly always described as “ Monks.” Can this | be the explanation of the name of this hill? It is on record that Roman |} remains were discovered hard by. ak 2 This name still survives, though the site of the lake or pool is now dry. of By the Earl of Kerry. 417 abutted hitherto towards the west by part of Upper Lodge Division and part of ye Rangers Division ;—and thence along eastward by the bound marks with ye bank and ditch of Hasle Coppice unto the bound mark by the said Copse on the west side of Washway afore- mentioned, and thence southward along by the meers and bound marks on the west side of the said Washway, unto ye bound mark near to the old ditch and bank near to the said Washway, and so north eastward along by the old bank and ditch unto Pilpot Copse, and along the bank and ditch of Pilpot Copse to ye east corner thereof, where the boundary of this division began; being abutted hitherto toward the east by the Whittwell Division last mentioned. All which said Division called Pilpot Division containeth by admeasurement a hundred and fourteen acres and thirty perches. Which we value to be worth upon improvement per annum £xlv. xijs. od. 4th. Upper Lodge Division. All that part and parcell of ye said Park which we call ye Upper Lodge Division adjoining unto ye last recited Division, as it is now set out by several meers and bounds or bound marks and part of ye Pale surrounding the said Park. Being abutted towards ye east from the bound mark at ye south end of Blakeway over Whittlemoor aforesaid, along ye right line through old copse and Stinking Lake Copse to the bound mark against Abbots Waste, by parcel of both the said copses being part of Pilpot Division last recited, and towards ye south by Loxfield Heath Gate by ye said Abbots Waste and from Loxfield Heath Gate to ye bound mark by the pale beyond Iles Cottage (mentioned in the boundary of ‘the Said Park: being the. bound mark between this and Redhill Division) towards the west by part of Loxfield Heath, and from thence returning north eastward along by certain bound marks down Holme Hill, unto a gully running into Greenmoor, and thence along by bound marks up to ye south west end of the way called ye Blakeway, which leads from ye Upper Lodge towards ye Rangers Lodge; and so along on ye westerley side of ye Blakeway unto ye bound mark near Wooden Bridge which is over Greenmoor Brook, near ye Rangers Lodge, being abutted hitherto towards ye northwest by Redhill Division ;—and thence south east- ward along by certain bound marks near unto Greenmoor Brook and by part of an old Brook and ditch and bound marks, unto a bound ~ mark below ye head of a great fish pond, and thence forward upon the brow of Whittlemoor, and along by ye meers and bound marks at ye south end of Blakeway, where we began ye boundary of this division ; being abutted hitherto towards ye east by the Rangers Division. In which Division standeth an old lodge! with a little poor stable, with a garden thereunto belonging. All which said Upper Lodge Division, with ye said Lodge and Appurts, containeth by admeasurement a hundred and nine acres 2 roods and ten perches which we estimate to be worth upon improvement per annum £xlix. vs. vjd. | ' On or near the site of present Keeper’s Lodge. Pip ae 418 King’s Bowood Park. 5th. Rangers Division. All that part and parcel of the said park which we call ye Rangers — Division, lying near ye middle of ye said park as it is now set out by | several meers and bounds or bound marks surrounding ye same. Being abutted hitherto towards ye east by Whitwell Division and part of Pilpot Division ; from ye bound mark at ye north east corner of Hasle Copse, where ye boundaries of Bassetts Moor Division Brick Hill © Division and Whitwell Division & this meets, along ye bank and ditch of Hasle Copse rounding unto ye bound mark at the north end, and so to ye south end of ye Blakeway over Whittlemoor, — and thence towarde ye south by upper Lodge Division from ye said " south end of ye Blakeway unto the bound mark beyond the Wooden ~ Bridge near the Rangers Lodge aforesaid, and on ye west by Redhill — Division from ye Wooden Bridge unto a bound mark near Broadmine} | dividing between this Division, Redhill Division, and Studley ~ Division, and is abutted on the north by part of Studley © Division, and Bassetts Moor Division; from ye said bound near © Broadmine along by ye bound mark on Cathill, dividing betwixt this ~ and Studley Division and Bassetts, Moor Division, unto ye bound mark ~ at ye north east corner of Hasle Copse, where the boundary of this ~ division began. In which said Division called Rangers Division now | standeth the new lodge called ye Rangers Lodge’, with a garden there- ~ untoadjoining. All which said Division with ye said Lodge and Appurts © containethe by Admeasurement 98 acres 2 roods and 16 perches which © we estimate to be worth upon improvement per annum 4]j. xiiiis. vjd. 6th. Redhill Division. All that part and parcel of ye said park which we call Redhill ~ Division adjoining unto the last-recited Division, as it is now set out © by several meers and bound marks and part of ye pale surrounding ye said park. Being a-butted on the east by the Rangers Division, last before recited, from ye bound marks near Broadmine, unto the bound | mark beyond the wooden Bridge before mentioned ; on the south by ye Upper Lodge Division from ye said bound mark by Wooden Bridge” along the bounds unto ye bound mark against ye pale near Iles Cottage _| aforesaid; on the west by the highway from Devizes towards Chipnam from the said Bound mark by Iles Cottage unto the bound mark against | ye end of the hedge of Gearge Selbie’s yard and garden, a little beyond _ Redhill Gate and stile; and on the north by Studley Division, from | Selbies hedge unto the bound mark near Broadmine where we began | ye boundary of this Division. All which said Division containeth by | admeasurement 98 acres and 10 Perches which we value to be worth | upon improvement per annum £xlvj. xjs. od. ay Sir Edward Bayntun’s claim. Memdmm : There is a parcel of this | Division containing eight acres and one rood which lyeth without the | 1 Near Queen wood. 2 On site of present Home Farm. By the Earl of Kerry. es present enclosure of the said park, but within ye ancient bounds thereof, which did continue impalled together with the residue of the Park from the first imparking thereof till about 5 years since, when the pales inclosing the said parcel were pulled down by Sir Ed. Baynton or his assignes, upon pretence that ye said parcel of land was his in- heritance. Which said land remains yet in the tenure and occupation of ye said Sir Ed. Bayntun or his assignes; but forasmuch as the said parcell of land had continued parcell of ye said park ever since ye impalling thereof, till it was dismantled by Sir Ed. Bayntun as aforesaid, and that no evidence hath been produced to make good any such claim thereto, therefore we return ye same in possession as parcell of and included in ye said Division. 7th. Studley Division. All that part and parcel of ye said Park which we call Studley, Division being ye north-west part of ye said Park and adjoining to ye last recited Division, as it is now set out by several meers and bound marks and part of ye Pale surrounding ye said Park. Being abutted towards ye east by Bassette Moor Division, from a certain bound mark in and against ye pale, againt a Close of ground in ye tenure of one Wilts, and is between Studley Gate and Wilts Corner, unto ye bound, mark befere mentioned upon Cathill; on ye south by part of Rangers Division and Redhill [Division from ye bound mark upon Catthill, unto ye bound mark against Selbie’s hedge; and on ye west by ye highway or road to Bristol and Chipnam; and on ye north by certain lands late ye Earl of Castlehavens and Wilts Grounds. In which said Division standeth an old barn called the Gamehouse.! Containing by admeasure- ment ninety-five acres and three roods which we value to be worth upon improvement per annum £1, ilijs. vjd.’ There is a pound standing near the Gamehouse in this division, being built of good timber, the Posts and Bars whereof we value to be worth upon the place £3 6s. 8d. 8th. Bassetts Moor Division. All that part and parcel of ye said Park which we call Bassetts Moor Division, lying towards the north in ye said lark, and adjoining to the last recited Division. Being abutted towards the east by Buckhill Division hereafter mentioned, from ye bound mark in ye Pale of the said Park against Wilts Corner, near a certain place in ye said Park called Rumsey’s Pleck? over Bassetts Moor, along towards ye south by part of the Hollow Woods, unto ye bound mark [at] ye north east corner of Hasle Copse before mentioned ; on ye south by ye Rangers Division, from ye said bound mark against Hasle Copsé eastward unto ye bound mark upon Catthill aforesaid ; on ye west by Studley Division aforesaid from ye said bound upon Catthill northward "Site of Q@ueenwood House. ? Pleck=Plat, plot, or place. 4 0 King’s Bowood Park. “4 over part of Bassetts Moor, unto ye bound mark in ye Pale against Wilts lands between;Wilts Corner and Studley Division aforesaid; and | on ye north by Wilts lands and lands late ye Earl of Castlehaven’s. — All which said Division called Bassets Moor Division containeth by admeasurement ninty nine acres and two roods which we value to be worth upon improvement per annum £xlvj. vjs. od. 9th. Buckhill Bivision. All that part and parcel of ye said park which we call Buckhill Division, being ye north east part of ye said park, as it is now marked and set out by several ‘meers and bound marks and part of ye Pale surrounding ye said Park. Being abutted towards ye east by certain © Jands called Buckhill lands, and in part by parcel of ye Lower Lodge © Division and by part of Whitwell Division; on the west by Basetts — Moor Division, from ye bound mark at ye north east corner of Hasle By Copse, unto ye bound mark in ye Pale by Romsey’s Pleck, where ye j boundary of this Division began. All which said Division containeth © by admeasurement 94 acres 2 roods, 30 perches, which we value to bes worth upon improvement per annum £xlix. xijs. od. ee ee en eee Besice _— 10th. Abbot's Waste. All that part and parcel of ye said Park commonly called and known ) by ye name of Abbots Waste, being in ye south west part of ye said | Park, as it is now surrounded by ye Pales and the ancient ditches and bounds thereof. Being abutted towards ye north & east, from the Upper Lodge Garden unto ye south corner of Pilpot Copse, by the Upper Lodge Division and Pilpot Division; towards the south and | west, from ye said corner of Pilpot Copse, rounding ye said Abbots ~ Waste, along by Horsle Pride Gate unto Loxfield Heath Gate, unto ye | said Upper Lodge Garden, by Pontens Lane, and by certain lands im ye tenure of Sir Edward Bayntun called Loxfield Heath, and by part” of ye Upper Lodge Division aforesaid. Which said Abbots Waste | containeth by admeasurement 59 acres one rood, which we value to bee | worth upon improvement per annum £xvij. xvs. vjd. | Col Talbot's Claim. Memdum. That one Sherrington Talbot Esq ‘ if claims this said parcel of ye said Park called Abbots Waste as his ancient inheritance, pretending that ye said Abbots Waste was never " bought nor compounded for by King James’s Commissioners upon the ~ enclosing and imparking ye said Park, save only that he acknowledgeth that he hath heard that the Camimtnst sens did compound with a Farmer thereof who had interest therein for 3 lives only, whereof as we are informed one life is in being. But forasmuch as ye said Col. Talbot affirms that he hath already tendered his evidence to | make good his said claim before ye Honble ‘Trustees and Surveyor ’ Genl., and will present ye same before them, therefore we leave ye — same to their judgment, and in regard the said Abbots Waste hath | been enjoyed as parcel of ye said Park ever since the Impalling ] : | } | | | By the Earl of Kerry. 421 thereof near 40 years since, * therefore we return ye same in possession valued as aforesaid. Deer. There are (as we are informed) about 18 deer in ye said Park which in regard that divers of them are already hurt deer, and all of them in danger to be destroyed,” therefore we value them to be worth s1x pounds. Memdum. That ye Tithe of ye vesture of ye coppices and aldermoors have been usually paid to ye Incumbent of ye Parish of Calne. Memdum. That away hath been claimed and used through ye said Park by one John Ernle Esq. of Whetham and others, from Cuffs Gate aforesaid passing over Washway,. through Whitwell Division, ye Rangers and Redhill Divisions, and out at Redhill Gate; which way may be of use for ye other Divisions of ye said Park ; and we conceive it convenient that Pilpot Division may have a way or passage into this way at the going down to Washway, near Whitwell, and that ye Upper Lodge Division may have a way and passage from ye bound imark without Old Copse unto ye said passage at ye going down to Washway. And we conceive that a way also may be necessary for Buckhill Division, Lower Lodge Division, Whittwell Division, and Bassetts Moor Division, Rangers Division, & Redhill Division, and ye rest, as they make use of ye other way aforesaid which hath been continually used in ye said Park, from Buckhill Gate along ye way through Buckhill Copse unto ye bound mark without ye same near ye upper end of Wettrodes, and thence along through ye Hollow Woods unto Bassetts Moor Division, and so on into ye Rangers Division, to where this way meets ye way from Cuffs Gate to Redhill Gate, near ye Rangers Lodge: which way be used by Redhill Division and Studley Division, going in betwixt ye Redhill Gate and ye Gamehouse into Redhill way to Cuff’s Gate, and by Whitwell Division and ye Lower Lodge Division, from ye bound mark without ye ditch and bank of Hasle Coppse near Lodging Oak, along ye way in ye Lower Lodge Division, through ye Hollow Woods unto ye way at Buckhill bound at ye head of Wettrodes ; and lastly that Bassetts Moor Division may have a way from the bound mark near Wilts Corner unto ye highway without Studley Gate through part of Studley Division. Total of Acres are : 960 Totall of improved value per an Cecclwijn xjo 0} Trees in all 10921 valued ay NOB Ns 1G Vesture of all the Copses Ve aeOoZone a On O Vesture of all the Aldermoors Si ea) BOS MO Mio oe ce Vesture of underwoods 1524 Loads,, 609. 12. 0 Posts & Rails & ye Pound 33 130 6-28 Deer being 18 valued at Gs Oy O _ ! This would give the date of the first impaling of Bowood as 1614—15. | ?Cf. the tradition that when Bowood was sold by the Parliamentary party the deer were first driven through “lanes of broadcloth” into Spye Park. ‘This operation must have already taken place, and it would seem that only the maimed deer were left behind. 422 King’s Bowood Park. This survey was perfected ye 4th of October, 1653, John Haddocke by us viz. Jeremie Barns Sam! Cottman Exam4 by W™. Webb. For the next item concerning Bowood we have to go once more to the Public Records. Immediately after the Survey we find (Oct. 11th, 1653) “‘a Certificate of the spoils of Trees, Coppices, Aldermoors, and Underwoods, done and made in Bowood Park in the County of Wilts, since the survey returned in January, 1652. ‘Taken by us whose names are hereunto sub- scribed, according to an order of the honourable the Trustees for the sale of the late King’s lands directing us thereto.”! In this the park is dealt with in four divisions :—Upper Lodge, Lower Lodge, Rangers and Game- house—which it is explained had been superseded by the ten sections given above in the Parliamentary Survey. The “spoils” in each section are minutely computed, and stated to have been assessed at a total value of £189 10s. 8d. The sale of Bowood by the Parliament must have followed soonafterwards, It is recorded in a “Calendar and Index (tempore interregni) of the particulars made out for the sale of honours &c. of Charles I. his Queen é&c. pursuant to several ordinances of Parliament for that purpose,” and the names of some of the parcels disposed of and of their purchasers are added.” But the latter did not long continue in the enjoyment of their new pos- sessions. After the death of King Charles, Bridgeman had made formal submission — to Cromwell, and thenceforward he lay low in anticipation of happier times. 7) During this period he specially devoted himself—possibly with a view to | future contingencies—to a study of the laws of conveyancing. ae | In May, 1660, Charles II. returned to England, and Bridgeman “crept out of his hole” *—with the late King’s grant of Bowood in his pocket. He | was at once received into favour, and within a week of the Restoration he © had been made Serjeant-at-Law and Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. ~ A few months later he seems to have concluded that the time was ripe to © test his claims, and he launched a petition for a regrant of Bowood, stating the circumstances under which it had been promised him in 1644 by the bo King’s predecessor, and adding a complaint that since that time “the said park hath been disparked, most of the wood felled, and the lands possessed by strangers, by colour of some disposition thereof by the late usurped powers.” * To this request there appears to have been no reply, neither was there an BS answer vouchsafed to a similar petition, made soon afterwards by Richard Spencer and the Royalist creditors who had been associated with him in 1643.°> ' Parliamentary Surveys, Wilts, No. 22. BM. Add. MS., No. 21327, fol. 101. 3 Campbell, Lives of the Chancellors. 4 Cal. Treasury Books, vol. i., p. 29, Oct. 3rd, 1660. © 5 Cal. Treasury Books, vol. i., p. 47, Dec. 17th, 1660. By the Earl of Kerry. 423 Sir Orlando, however, persevered. In October he presided at the trial of the regicides and was made Lord Chief Justice, while his Knighthood of 1640 was converted into a Baronetcy. In February, 1661, he petitioned again, either that his debt should be paid or that Bowood should be con- firmed to him at a yearly rental. A note appended to the petition by Lord Southampton (the Lord High Treasurer) to the Surveyor General manifests a marked anxiety that a special effort should be made to accommodate the new Lord Chief Justice. ‘‘ I am unwilling to advise His Majesty to grant any fee-farms of any of His Majesty’s lands ; but the Lord Chief Justice having made so reasonable a proposition for the repayment of his principal, drowning so considerable sum in the interest, | pray you to apportion such a term of years, or three lives by way of a lease to his Lordship, of such a sort as may be satisfactory to him for his debt.” ! Sir Charles Harbord, the Surveyor General, did his part, and so did Attorney General Palmer, as may be seen by their respective reports on the petition,? and the transaction was completed on April 2nd, 1661. Sir Orlando thus secured Bowood Park for,£380 per annum—a ‘fee-farm’ rent which still survives, though it is no longer payable to the Crown. Amongst other obligations Bridgeman undertook to plant in every year “‘ten young trees of oake at least,” and “‘ to save and defend them from browse of cattle and other spoils and harm, that they may grow up and become tymber for His Majesty’s use and benefit in time to come ”® The term of the lease was for the longest of three named lives, viz., those of Mary, the wife of the Lord Chief Justice’s eldest son, John, and of two younger children, Orlando and Francis. John, the only son of Bridgeman’s first wife, Judith Kynaston, was the ancestor of the Earls of Bradford. Bridgeman’s second wife, Dorothy Saunders, was the mother of Orlando and Francis, and her descendants after settling for a time at Ridley, in Cheshire, eventually established themselves at Bowood, which thus became the headquarters of the younger branch of the Bridgeman family. [To be continued. | ' Cal. Treasury Books, vol. i., p. 126, Feb. 15, 1661. ? Stowe MSS., No. 498, fol. 7. * "hots Pat. Vs Car, Li; Pt..9, No. 6: 424 NOTES. Roman Lamp with cross emblem, Tidworth. There , is in the British Museum a small Roman pottery lamp described as “Lamp of the Roman period with the Christian emblem, found near Tidworth House, Wilts. Given by W. G. Wise, Esq., 1920.” It is of | light red pottery, about 3in. long, pear shaped, with rough irregular ribs in slight relief and rough rims in the same relief round both open- ings. On the face between the two openings is a well-executed “ cross potent ” in relief. As the lamp much resembles lamps found in Syria or Palestine I wrote to Mr. Reginald Smith asking whether there was any evidence as to the actual finding of this object at Tidworth, as antiquities brought back by soldiers returning from Palestine might not improbably be said to be “found” there. Mr. Reginald Smith wrote in answer :—“‘ The keeper and I were quite alive to the possibility of a recent introduction from Syria, but the donor (not vendor) assured us that it was a definite ‘find’ and it was accepted on that basis.” He ~ then very kindly gave me Mr. Wise’s.address in Tasmania, and I wrote ~ to enquire what he knew of thelamp. My letter to Tasmania followed him back to England and he answered very fully on May 30th, 1921. ‘““T cannot say anything about,the actual finding of the lamp further than that it came into my possession with some flower pots, &c., at the sale of Mr. Inglefield’s effects, when he died. Mr. Inglefield rented the ~ Tidworth House gardens from the War Office. He wasnotamanwho ~ would consider such a thing as being of much account, and he would | certainly not buy such an article. Judging by its condition I consider 7 | it was acasual find. It has been in my possession six or seven years, z.¢., before the war. ‘This prevents the possibility of its having been | brought home by returning soldiers. I offered the lamp to Salisbury Museum but they did not reply to my letter.” From this account it seems probable that the lamp really was found | at Tidworth, and instances of the Christian symbol on Roman objects ~ | found in Wiltshire are so rare—I can only remember the rather doubt- ful cross on the small gold ring from Great Bedwyn, now at Devizes— that its occurrence is of considerable interest. Ep. H. GopDDARD. Roman (?) Brick and Tile Kiln at Oaksey Common [Minety]. In W.A.I/., vol. xxxviii. (1913—14), p. 638, is a note by the editor on the occurrence of a great quantity of fragments of Roman tile and brick in a ploughed field at Oaksey Common, at the | foot of Flistridge Hill. The site was described in 7he Wilts and | Gloucester Standard, and in the Weltshive Gazette, May 2\1st, 1914. ei Mr. F. Gibbons, who first called attention to the site, suggested that it was the site of a kiln. I visited the site to-day (March 7th, 1921) for the purpose of record- ing its exact position on the next edition of the Ordnance Maps (Wilts f Notes. 425 sheet 9 N.W.). It consists of a large mound in a ploughed field, and is actually in the parish of Minety. The mound is situated a few yards to the east of the boundary between Crudwell and Minety, between the wood called Oaksey Nursery and the Braden Brook. The mound is thickly covered with broken fragments of tiles, both flat and flanged, and of thin tile-like bricks, some of them of a very hard vitreous nature. Many of the tiles are ornamented with comb-markings, such as occur on Roman box-tiles. J did not, however, find any fragments of box- tiles on the site, nor a single fragment of pottery. The fragments extend for a short distance round the mound on every side. About 300 yards to the south-west is another mound, on the south-eastern margin of a small copse. One or two similar fragments could be seen on it, but in nothing like such profusion as on the larger mound. The site would appear to be a Roman brick and tile kiln, but in the absence of pottery it is not possible to be absolutely certain of itsage. [This note also appears in Vhe Antiquaries’ Journal, July 1921. Vol. L, p. 238.] O. G. S. CRAWFORD. Roman Pottery Site in Savernake Forest. The site is well known to dwellers about the Forest, but has never, as far as I am aware, been systematically explored. It lies about 100 yards south of Bitham Pond, near the Column Ride, and is marked by intensely black earth over an area of nearly three acres. The black earth varies in depth from six inches to two feet, and contains very numerous shards of pottery, which also lie scattered on the surface in large quantities. It is perhaps, worth noting that below the black earth there is heavy white clay and yellow sand, which may be seen in section in the banks of Bitham Pond. ‘The surface over the whole area is somewhat uneven and patches of nettles abound. ‘There is a tradition that “ Roman” kilns existed here but I am unable to find any record of their discovery. Sounding with an iron bar has failed to locate any foundations, but near a Shallow pool fed by an intermittent spring, a rough floor of soft broken brick overlaid by fine gravel can be traced for several feet. The pottery fragments are very numerous and represent, according to Mrs. Cunnington, who has kindly examined them, a number of late Celtic wares. Bead-rim bowls, similar to those from Oare and Brooms- grove, are common, together with large quantities of a coarse reddish ware and a harder black type of more elaborate design. Rims, frag- ments of bases, and covers abound, but no complete vessels have been found. One fragment of the base of a dish of red imported ware, probably Arretine, has turned up. It is probable that the site would repay systematic excavation, if such were possible and permission could be obtained. The local con- ditions seem rather to suggest the possibility of kilns having existed but there is no positive evidence of anything more than an extensive inhabited site. A. J. Watson (Savernake Vicarage). Bronze Palstave from Dinton Beeches. Dr. R. C. Clay reports (1921) the finding of a plain bronze palstave, about five inches ‘426 | Notes. | * long, on newly ploughed ground at Dinton Beeches. It is now in his collection, and an outline sketch of it is in the Society’s Library. Notes on Antiquities in Stukeley’s Memoirs. In“The | Hamily Memoirs of the Rev. William Stukeley M.D., and the Anti- — quarian and other Correspondence of Will. Stukeley, Roger and Samuel ' Gale, etc. Surtees Soc. Publications, vol. 80 for the year 1885.” Vol. III., pp. 242—278, are concerned with Wiltshire and contain many ~ notes and references to Avebury and Stonehenge. At Avebury in 1723 Stukeley notes that several stones had been demolished since he was there the year before, and ‘‘ this winter the remainder of the Kennet avenue is threatened.” He notices the practice of splitting the sarsens by fire. hee A letter from Mr. Will. George (Steward to Edward Popham, Esq.) to the Earl of Hertford (1730) gives a detailed account “of a noble Roman pavement now laid open in Littlecott Park” (see Hoare An. Wilts IL., 117). Four letters, from Mr. Horseley, Roger Gale, and Sir John Clerk deal with the inscription on the bronze “‘ Rudge Cup” found in a well at Froxfield (pp. 257—266). Roger Gale, writing to Dr. Stukeley on his “ Stonehenge,” says :— “T think you have omitted one remarkable particular, which is that the avenue up to the chief entrance was formerly planted with great stones, opposite to each other, upon the side banks of it, for I very well re- member we observed the holes where they had been first, when you and I surveyed the place.” George Hungerford, writing from Studley House, Calne, Oct. 27th, 1753, gives an account in some detail of a Roman hypocaust, &c., found in a field called Clotley, on Berrils Farm, on the Studley Estate. A wall of stone, about 8ft. high, and against it what the writer describes as “a cistern for bathing” with “ fine polished mortar of an inch thick.” About 3ft. from the wall was the hypocaust with a front of 6ft., and pillars of Roman tiles ‘‘ 1fin. thick and 10in. over” on some of which was the inscription IVC DIGNI. Another “cistern of five foot square every way lined with the same” polished mortar was found and destroyed by the workmen. At the bottom of the cistern was a lead pipe of 14in. bore, and 3aft. long. Little Bedwyn. Stukeley notes, April, 1749, “an account from Little Bedwin, of digging into a barrow for stone to mend the high- ways. ‘They took up an urn of baked earth of this form (resembling the cinerary urn on p. 67 of Greenwell’s British Barrows), turned upside down, with calcined ashes and bones init. . . . I took up such an urn, of the same shape exactly, so ornamented, out of a very antient large flat tumulus, on that hill near Abury, called Windmill Hill.” Stonehenge. Stukeley (1750) notes that the Duke of Queensbury “says he has taken great pains to destroy the rabbits which Mr. Hayward, the former possessor, had planted there (at Stonehenge).” Lake field. Stukeley notes (1763) an (iron) spear head, dagger, and “iron headpiece,” 84in. by 64in. (obviously a Saxon shield boss) found’ Notes. | 427 with a body buried near the surface of a tumulus. Another barrow was cut through by the Devizes to Salisbury road, in which at the centre, upon the original surface, were “ the bones, ashes, charcole, of the burnt body.” Various Wiltshire Objects. Mr. O. G.S. Crawford exhibited and described at the meeting of the Soc. of Antiquaries 11th April, 1919 (Proc. Soc. Ant., 1919—1920, 2nd §S., xxxii., pp. 85—95), certain antiquities among which were the following from Wiltshire :— (1). Stone of Eolithic type found on Ashmore Down, Donhead St. Mary, near the Long Barrow, at a height of over 800ft. He remarked that the occurrence of similar water-worn pebbles of flint on the highest points of Wessex, Tan Hill (900ft.), Sidbury-(730ft.), between Tidcombe and Scots Poor (700ft.), and on Walbury (Berks) (950ft.) had not yet been explained by Geologists. ’ (2). A cream-coloured Paleolith from Knowle Farm Vit. (3). A triangular white flint arrowhead found near Farleigh Clump, Monkton Farleigh, 1919. ltin. long by Zin. broad. (4). Fragments of pottery (one figured) found 1ft 3in. to 1ft. 9in. below the surface of the Long Barrow (‘‘Grafton 5”) on Wexcombe Down in the parish of Grafton, excavated Aug., 1914, by Dr. E. A. Hooton and himself. He claims that these are fragments of Neolithic date lying on the old surface before the Long Barrow was heaped over them. (5). Bronze Palstave preserved in the Parvise Museum at Mere Church, found by Mr. Phil. Crocker, agent to Sir R. C. Hoare, 100 years ago. Half the butt has been broken off. It weighs 133 oz. av. (6). Fragments of pottery from Cold Kitchen Hill (Brixton Deverill) showing pounded oyster shell in the clay. He suggests that possibly the oyster shells found on the site may have been brought there for the purpose of pottery making. : MS. Book of Giles Danvers of South Marston. In Nov., 1920, the Rev. Gruffydd Evans, Vicar of Newcastle Emlyn, sent to me with a view to its possible purchase by the Society a little book, strongly bound, about 7in. by 44in., consisting of about 200 pages of notes, accounts, d&c., dating between 1590 and 1614, “ made by me Gyles Danvers of South Marston in the countie of Wilts a: do: 1590, as touchinge matters apertaininge to myself and others.” It contains a great quantity of notes on the various fields and lands held by the writer, the rent roll of “the Manor of Berton and Sowth Marston,” common lands, seats in Church, cattle and crops, and various other matters connected with South Marston, noted in a somewhat confused way but of considerable interest and value for the history of the place. Gyles Danvers came to the county in 1582, he had a son named Hungerford, brothers named Hungerford and Anthony, and a “ Cosen Warnford.” The remaining pages are filled with a. collection of mis- cellaneous recipes for the cure of all manner of diseases including the “Kinge’s Medicyne for the plage.” The book would have been a 428 | Notes. welcome addition to the Society’s Library, but the price asked for it, £10 10s., was more than the society could afford to give. Mr. Evans bought it from a cabinet maker who had bought it at a sale in Wales amongst a parcel of other books. It had belonged at some time to “ KR. Southby, Esq. of Bulford.” Ep. H. Gopparp. Wiltshire Deeds. Among the 817 items in the August, 1921, Catalogue of H. R. Moulton, 151, Fleet St., E.C. 4, are the following deeds, &c., connected with Wilts :-— : 28 Nov., 1648. Exemp of a recovery between Hen. Blake, Ed. Forman, Rob. Parham, and Ed. Hopkins, as to the Manor of Blacklands and lands in Calne, Quemerford, &c. 27 Feb., 1573-—4: Bargain and Sale by Thos. Fyssher, of Mydham Week, Wilts, to Thos. Whybwey, of Ramsbury. 4 April, 1590. Lease by Will. Sutton, of Alton, Wilts, to Hen. Foxe, of Devizes, Edith his wife, and Agnes his mother, of lands in Devizes. 20 Oct., 1607. Lease by Sir Will. Button, of Alton Priors, to Edmond Potter of a house in St. John’s parish, Devizes. 6 July, 1615. Assignment by Ed. Morley, of the Inner Temple, to Will. Sloper of Warminster, and Lawrence Kniton of Upton Skedmer, of a lease of the Rectory and Church lands at Norton Bavent. 27 Mar., 1657. Lease by John Feltham to John Grove the elder, of lands in Swallowfield, Wilts. 13 Oct., 1711. Lease by Bp. Gilbert Burnet, of Manor and Prebend of Potterne to Nich. Busfield, of London. 12 Nov., 1709. Lease by Rachel, Countess of Kingston, of the George Inn and land in Trowbridge and Hilperton to Geo. Tayler. 6 Nov., 1747. James, Earl of Castlehaven. Counterpart of assignment by Hen. Wyndham of a lease of the Great Lodge in Groveley. 1773. Hand-drawn map of estate of Lord Hyde at Wootton Bassett, Manor of Midghall, &c. Great Bedwyn Church Screen. The 15th century screen which was removed from the Church of Great Bedwyn without a faculty some years ago, on the ground that it was affected by dry rot, and was therefore a danger to the Church, has happily found its way to the Victoria and Albert Museum, S. Kensington, where it now occupies a honoured position. At the time of its removal from the Church the attention of the authorities was drawn to the matter by the Wilts Archeological Society, but no action was taken. It should never have been removed from the Church. Ep. H. Gopparp. Salisbury Corporation Plate. An early 18th century silver salver has been recently presented to the Corporation by the Rev. G. B. Tatum, of Brighton, s. of Dr. G. R. Tatum, of Salisbury. It bears the following inscription :—“ Dr. Thomas Tatum (1711—1767), brother of Dr. John Tatum (1724—1783)), first surgeon of the Salisbury In- firmary, left this salver to Harry Earle (1715—1774). By him it was left Notes. 429 to William Benson Earle (1740—1796). By him to the Rev. Edmund Benson, M.A. (1'755—1835). By him to the Rev. George Lewes Benson, LL.B. (1791—1852). By him to George Roberts Tatum, F.R.C.S. (1807—1892). By him to the Rev. George Benson Tatum (1854—).” It bears the arms of Earle and Sympson impaled. Ann Sympson having been the wife of Harry Earle. Waltshire Gazette, Nov. 18th, 1920. Lacock. The papers of July, 1921, recorded the gift by Miss Talbot, the owner of Lacock Abbey, of a collection of the early photographic apparatus, a camera lucida, and other scientific instruments used by her grandfather, W. H. Fox Talbot, of Lacock, the discoverer of photography, to the Museum of the Royal Photographic Society, at 35, Russell Square, to be there preserved as evidence of the first be- ginnings of photography. | _ Polecat at Fisherton de la Mere. Mr. R. T. Courage, of Winterbourne Stoke, writes on April 4th, 1921, as follows :—“ Mr. Robert Newall, of Micherton House, has asied me to notify you of the occurrence of a Polecat at Fisherton de la Mere on Feb. 23rd, 1921. I met the Polecat, which was a well-grown animal, when it was hunting in a row of thick thorn bushes on the down, and as I was standing quite still and down wind, it came out to the end of the bushes within 2 or 3 yards of me, before seeing me and going down a rabbit-hole. There is no doubt in my mind as to the identity of this animal, as Iam thoroughly familiar with polecats, having lived for some years in a part of France where they are by no means uncommon, and where I have caught several. Although this one was hardly as large asafew I have seen, it could not possibly have been a large escaped polecat-ferret, as its size was too great, and I could also see its short nose quite well. I have never before seen an English polecat, and had no idea there were any in this county. If you would be kind enough to let me know if you have had any other record of their occurrence locally I should be extremely grateful and most interested.” This is of much interest as G. B. Hony in 1915 regarded the Polecat as extinct in this county (see Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxix., 18). The last recorded occurrence of the animal known to him was in 1885. Ina paper on “‘ Natural History,” read by the Rev. G. T. Marsh, of Sutton Benger, at the Bradford-on-Avon Meeting of the Society, in 1857, as reported in a Wiltshire newspaper (? which), he mentions that five polecats had been killed at Sutton Benger in 1855. | Ep. H. Gopparp. i ees ers in South Wilts, Dr. R. C. Clay (Manor House,Fovant), writes, March 3rd, 1921 :—‘‘ Badgers in this neighbourhood are much on the increase. I frequently see them in the glare of my headlights as I drive about at night, especially near Dean Coppice and Burrow Hill, Fovant. About a month ago I saw an unusually large one.” 430 Notes. Bird Notes. Dr. R. C. Clay, of the Manor House, Fovant, writes, April 4th, 1921: “T have found eggs and watched the nest completed of two pairs of Jackdaws on the tops of 60ft. fir trees, in the isolated clump on the top of Buxbury Hill, Swallowcliffe Down. The nests were made ‘de novo,’ and not in the remains of old crows’nests and were on the top of branches more or less in the position suitable to a Hawk’s nest (which they — were at first thought to be). I have seen the pairs of Jackdaws return to the nest and know I am not mistaken. [The bird books say that Jackdaws seldom, if ever, build a fresh nest in the branches of trees, though they have been known to use old Crows’ and Magpies’ nests.]’ “T have in my collection a clutch of five Linnets’ eggs, taken at Sutton Mandeville. Four of them are of the usual size (18 X 13 mm,) ~ but the fifth measures only 11 X 9mm. All theeggs have the normal ~ colour and markings. “T have also an unusual Partridge’s egg, measuring 25 X 20 mm., and of darker colour than usual. ‘he other eggs in the nest were normal in colour and size (39 X 29 mm.)” “T should like to mention the absence of Nightingales, and Red- backed Shrikes in this district this year, and the increase of Wheatears.” The Rev. F. G. Walker, Rector of Upton Lovel, writing Feb. 2nd, 1921, notes that a Yellow Wagtail (J7. Aazz,) was seen in the Rectory garden on January 30th, and a pair of Short-eared Owls in the same place on Feb. 2nd, 1921. The Rev. D. P. Harrison (I.ydiard Millicent), writes October 6th, ~ 1921:—A pair of Hobbies nested this year, I will not say where, and q | safely reared three young birds, which I saw several timesa month after | they left the nest. A fortnight ago, when out shooting, I came through a gap in the hedge and right on the top of an old cock Kestrel, which ~ rose with something in its claws, which hung quite limp as if dead, and which at such close quarters I had no difficulty in identifying as a weasel. I know, of course, that birds of prey do sometimes tackle both ~ | weasels and stoats, often with disastrous effects tothemselves. Buthad I not seen it, I could never have believed that so weak a Falcon asthe Kestrel would have ventured to attack such a limb of Satan, and, _ moreover, kill it. Of course I did not interfere with the Kestrel, but now regard them with much increased respect. By the byeI sawthe | Hobby catch a Swift, a marvellous feat.” a The Little Owl is still increasing in this (Clyffe Pypard) neigh- bourhood. I saw one sitting on a rick beside the road in Winter bourne Bassett this autumn (1921) in full daylight, and a young bird taken from a nest in Clyffe Pypard parish was reared by Miss Tuck, of Woodstreet Farm, and was subsequently sent to the Clifton Zoological Gardens. The Landrail has become of late years quite a rare bird in this neighbourhood, but I saw one run across the road here this summer. Ep, H. Gopparp. SS SSS a= SS Notes. 431 Feather of Great Bustard (0Ofis tarda) found near Stonehenge, 1864. ‘The Salisbury Museum has recently received by gift from Mr. Francis Brown, of Wylye, the feather of a Great Bustard, picked up about a mile from Stonehenge in 1864. Mr. Francis Brown has been a student of bird life in Wilts all his life, and in making the gift he also presented the original letter written by him to his uncle, Mr. Ingram, a copy of which lends some additional interest to the feather, and at the same time furnishes a very practical lesson of the value of following up even a very slight clue, such, for example as a stray feather of an unknown bird picked up in a casual walk. The passage in the letter, which is dated Oct. 5th, 1864, is as follows :—‘‘On Monday, whilst crossing the newly-sown rye above Greenland I picked up this feather, which seemed strange, and arrested my attention. It was quite fresh and had evidently dropped from the bird only a.short time. I took it to the Fair (probably Yarnbury, F.S.), found Mr. Neale and showed it to him, he after a time said it must be a Hawk. To-day I took it to the British Museum, applied for an interview with Mr. Gray, the ornithologist, and showed it to him without any remark. He was much struck and pronounced it to be from the large Bustard, so long thought extinct. We then compared it with the specimen last killed in Wilts, I suppose by Mr. Waters, and found feathers precisely like this at the point of the wing, where the neck feathers join it when folded and on the side and root of the tail. The bird is the size of a turkey. 3 “Last February our carters saw one morning a bird which they de- seribed as brown in colour and near two feet in height on the knowl (?) near the direction posts on our down. It went slowly off after a time —but as usual on such subjects they never mentioned the circumstance to me until the April following, when I was looking for Dotterel. Mr. Gray says this feather could be found on no Hawk.” F. STEVENS. 'The Comma Butterfly (Vanessa C-albwm). This butterfly was practically unknown in Wiltshire until a very few years ago. Edward Newman’s British Butterflies, published in 1871, can only produce for this county a note by the Rev. T. A. Preston that it ‘‘ has occurred once near Marlborough.” I myself never saw a specimen alive until 1914, when a single example appeared in the Vicarage garden at Clyffe Pypard. Since then one or two examples have appeared here each year, but this autumn (1921) they are quite common, four or five being present on the Michaelmas daisies at the same time—at the end of September. I hear of them, also at Basset Down, Lydiard, Purton, and Hilmarton, so that probably they are to be found all over this district of N. Wilts. Canon Steward writes that he saw one in Sept. this year (1921) at Boyton, another was noticed in the Salisbury Journal about the same time, and Mr. G. S. Farebrother, in the issue of Oct. 7th, 1921, notes its occurrence at Pickwick (Corsham), in Oct., 1918, and March, 1919. It is a curious case of an insect, formerly very rare in this county, becoming comparatively common, Ep. H. GopDARD. vou. XLI.—NO. CXXXV. 7 26 432 : Notes. Pterodactyl Bone from the Kimmeridge Clay, Swindon. In 114, while examining a pit sunk in the Kimmeridge Clay at Swindon, a small thin bone was noticed protruding from the | wall of the excavation. Carefully digging this out, together with its surrounding matrix, it was put aside and not examined till 1921. On ~ extracting the bone from its covering of clay it is obviously a wing | phalange of a pterodactyl. Only about half of the complete boneis preserved, 102 mm. in length, which fortunately retains the oblong Distal Articular surface. The section is suboval with one border deeply channelled nearly to the median line. The longest diameter at about the centre of the bone is 9 mm., while at right angles to this the } diameter is only 44 mm. The structure of the distal articular face, as seen through a crack, is highly cellular. At the broken end the texture is exceedingly hard and close grained, resembling flint, and presents an interior view of the pneumatic channel, which is oval in shape and occupies quite half of the whole area of the bone as seen in section. Remains of Pterodactyl are of great rarity from the Kimmeridge Clay, and this specimen is unique as far as Wilts is concerned. Although the exact genus cannot be safely determined from one | bone, Dr. C. Andrews, F.R.S., thinks it may belong to Ornithocheirus. — A. D. PAsSsMoRE. Elder wood. A parishioner of mine tells me that his father, an old Wiltshire man, looked upon the idea of bad luck attending the burning of elder wood as a superstition introduced by Irish labourers, many of | whom were working in the county forty or fifty years ago. Oneof | these told how that he would never burn elder wood because it wason | an elder that Judas Iscariot hanged himself. | On the other hand the idea seems very widely distributed in Wiltshire | and also in Gloucestershire, and is well known to many of the older people to whom I have spoken. Some, however, had heard the legend | that the Cross was made of elder, and others only knew that it was | unlucky and would bring poverty. A. J. Watson, (Savernake Vicarage. ) Chitterne. Woman married in her shift. A paper on | Parish Registers, by the Rev. E. R. Nevill, F.S.A., printed in Salzsbury | Journal, July 22nd, 1911, contains the following :—“ Registers oc- casionally bear witness to unusual marriages, but one of the most astounding errors was that a man was not liable for his bride’s debts, provided he married her in no other dress than her shift. An entry of this kind occurs at Chitterne All Saints, in 1714. “John Bredmore and Anne Selwood were married Oct.17. Theaforesaid AnneSelwood | - was married in her smock without any clothes or head gier on.” 7 ots Ps “s Sarsens broken up. Gradually but surely the work of destroying the sarsen stones is being continued. The Rev. H. G. O. Kendall Fi § Notes. 433. writes, Aug. 11th, 1911, that he had found two men busy in the sarsen valley at the foot of Winterbourne Monkton Down breaking up the stones there, but they stated that the stones there were bad for their purpose, and possibly they would not break up many more. Stone Mining (?) Axes of N. American type. In addition to the examples mentioned above in my notes on pp. 373—377 Mr. A. D. Passmore has called my attention to one in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, Lincolns Inn Fields, labelled 243.1. It has a deep groove round the butt end and is very much like Mr. Pullen’s axe. On enquiry at the Museum, however, I find that all that is known about it by the authorities is that it has pasted on the back of it a label marked ‘ Scotland.” Ep. H. GopparRp. _ Description of some of the Manuscript Maps in the Bowood Estate Office, Bowood Park, Wilts (made November 24th, 1919). | 1. “A Plan of Bowood Park, belonging to the Right Hon?®. the Earl of Shelbourne, situate in the County of Wilts. In’. Ladd mens. & delin: 1754.” Size: 42 inches x 29 inches; scale, 16 perches to one inch. [1: 3168, or 20 inches=1 mile. | 2. (a.) “A Topographical Map or Plan of the Manor of Calne, late in the possession of Thomas Picket, Esq'*., with Bowood Park & Two farms belonging to The Right Hon?” William Petty, Earl of Shelburne, & lands belonging to Sir Edward Bayntun, John Talbot, & George Cary, Esq'*., situated near The Town of Calne in the County of Wilts. Surveyed & drawn by John Powell, Topographer, 1763.” Large wall- map; scale, 250 feet to one inch [1 : 3000]. (6.) “A Topographical Map or Plan of Bowood Park, with a farm called Lock’s Hill, & several pieces adjoining, likewise the cottages, houses, etc. in Sandy Lane and Studly, near Red Hill, situated in the Mannor & Parish of Calne & County of Wilts, belonging to the Right Hon*!* William Petty, Earl of Shelburne. Survey’d by John Powell, Topographer. A.D. 1763.” Size, 29 inches X 20 inches; scale, 32 perches to linch. [1: 6386, or 10 inches=1 mile]. 3, ‘A Plan of Bowood Park in the County of Wilts, the property of the Right Honourable The Earl of Shelburne, 1778.” Size, 324 inches x 39 inches; scale, 4 chains to 1 inch. [1: 3168]. 4, “*A Plan of the intended alterations at Bowood . . . 1763.” Scale, 150 feet to 1 inch. [1: 1800.] 5. ‘Map of the several parishes of Calne, Calstone- Wellington, & Blackland, together with the Liberty of Bowood, Wilts ; made for the Most Noble the Marquess of Lansdowne by Thomas Cruse, 1829,” Large wall map, in sections, joined together and mounted ; size, 10 feet 10 inches x 8 feet 4 inches: scale, 10 chains = 25 inches. [1: 3168], On the title-page of the accompanying terrier Cruse describes himself as “late of the City of Bath.” bo 2 bo 434 Notes. Photographic copies of maps No. 1, 2 (d), 3, and 4, on a scale of Gin. to — one mile, are in the Society’s Library at the Museum. O. G. S. CRAWFORD. Toothill, in Lydiard Tregoze. As certain pits or excavations existing on Toothill Farm have been spoken of as dwelling pits, Mr. A. D. Passmore kindly undertook to visit the spot. He reported (May 23rd, 1921) as follows:—“I have now been to Toothill, and having walked round the hill find that there are a lot of very large pits | nearly all round it at long intervals. They are mostly placed in pairs and average abont 40 feet in diameter and about 6 feet deep. There are no apparent remains of the excavated material and no road or path leading into them. ‘They are all dug in clay. I have not the remotest notion what they can be. “On the very highest part of the hill there is a square faintly marked out by a bank and ditch which may be comparatively modern or ancient. After a careful search all about nothing was noticed. The only statement that I would venture on is that in prehistoric times this place must have been in a marsh, and, being clay, would itself be a bad spot to live in; and from a study of the ground I do not think it at all probable that any of these remains are really ancient.” Durrington. Mammoth tooth. Mr. Frank Stevens (Salisbury Museum) reports on Nov. 9th, 1920, the finding of a mammoth’s tooth in gravel at Durrington by Mr. Smith, of 10, Milston View, Durrington. Liddington interment. The skull found in the trenches just under Liddington Castle, and presented to the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons by Capt. Lionel West, R.A.M.C., of Chiseldon — Camp, is illustrated by three good photos in 7’he Sphere, July 5th, 1918. ~ The fracture of the skull over the eye, which was received during life — and had begun to heal before death, is well shown in the photos. (See — Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxix., 501). Stonehenge. Mr. R. 8. Newall (Fisherton Delamere) writes, August — 25th, 1920 :—‘ Barrows, Hoare’s Map, 28to 33 [Amesbury, 43 to 48], — running E. & W., just 8. of the Cursus, O.S. 548.W. have this week been — surrounded by ploughing the down, butare and will be, I understand, — untouched. Barrows 34 to 37 [Amesbury, 49 to 52, inthe same ~ line] were last year either ploughed or surrounded. There is another — barrow half-way between 33 [48] and the Warminster and Amesbury Road. It is very low and ditched; I only discovered it by the plough 4 turning up the chalk of the barrow and outer bank. Itdoesnotappear ~ on the Ordnance Map. The down over which the avenue runs is now ~ wired in, for pasture land. Stukeley mentions a continuation of the — avenue leading up to or ending at aspot half-way between the old and — new King Barrows and says that he saw the white lines of the avenue ~ in the new ploughing. I have inspected this to-day and found so — many lines on the actual ground that I could not decide which was — Wilts Obituary. 435 which, but standing at Stonehenge they (the two lines of the avenue) can I think be still definitely seen. Mr. Soul, of Amesbury, told me that when they were making a continuation of the railway and passing near Old Ratfyn ford, a stone as big as one of the inner horseshoe of blue stones was found, but it was broken up and buried before he got there. An old woman who used to live at Fargo Cottages said. it was very like one of the stones of Stonehenge. This would lie in the direct line of Stukeley’s avenue. I don’t, however, put much trust in it, all the evidence being lost. I have myself seen a large piece of diabase about Ift. 6in. x 1ft. 6in. in a cottage garden at Lake. ‘This must, I | think, be from Stonehenge. There is also a piece of sarsen about 3ft. x 2ft. WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES. [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor 2 | appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in — any way connected with the county, to send him copies of their works. and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally, to send — him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers.] — Avebury Manor, the residence of Lt.-Col. Leopold E | Cc. W. Jenner, C.M.G., D.S.O. By H. Avray Tipping. — | Country Life, April 20th and May 7th, 1921, pp. 522—529 ; 552—558, Furniture at Avebury Manor. By H. Avray Tipping. | Country Life, May 7th, 1921, pp. 559—561. 4 These three articles are illustrated with a number of admirable photo- — graphs. “The approach between Church and Stables”; “Thesouthside | showing the building added in 1601”; ‘“‘ Looking east from the Front | Door ;” “The east or entrance side probably built by William Dunch i , about the middle of the sixteenth century, but the south end altered in © 1601”; Church, stable, and house” ; “‘ The ancient cut box tree on the — South Lawn”; ‘‘ The south porch (it bears the date-1601, and theinitials | of Sir James Mervyn and his wife)” ; “ The South Gate”; “Fromthe | West. The wall was built by Sir Richard Holford, under Queen Anne, — but the yew hedges and general lay-outidate from after 1907” ; “ Look- ing out from a west window”; “Gate from east garden to Park”; — Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 441 “The south-west corner of the house”; “The Library”; “The Library Window”; “The Dining Room” (it is the hall of the 1601 building) ; “The Great Chamber (over the Dining Room)”; “The Drawing Room (occupies the S. end of the Dunch building)” ; “ The Entrance Hall”; “The South Bedchamber (over the Drawing Room)” ; and seven photos of furniture, 1685—1710. ‘William Dunch, auditor of the Mint to Hen. VIII. and Ed. VL, probably built the earliest part of the existing house, the east wing (drawing room, entrance hall, kitchen, &c.). He died 1577 and his younger son, Walter, succeeded him, After Walter’s death his widow’: married Sir James Mervyn, who built the south side in 1601, their initials and the date appearing on the Porch. At the same time he altered the Drawing-Room, and the room over it, to match the new building. Before 1639 William Dunch had sold the house and property to Sir John Stawel. Sir Richard Holford, who bought the property soon after 1694, added, says Mr. Tipping, the parapet on the top of the wall of the Mervyn wing and built the brick segmental wall of the gar- den. Sir Richard bought Avebury for £7500 in order to settle it on the children of his third wife, Suzannah Trotman. Their son Samuel inherited it, but died, and, by 1730, Richard Holford, son of Sir Richard’s eldest son, was in possession. Richard Holford, dying in 4172, left it to his brother, Steynor Holford, who, dying in 1767, be- queathed it to a half-brother, Arthur Jones, from whose letters many entertaining quotations are given inthearticle. His niece, Ann Jones, married Adam Williamson in 1772, afterwards Lt.-Governor of Jamaica. She died of yellow fever there. He died at Avebury in 1798, when the property returned to the Joneses, who let the house, with the farm, furniture, pictures, and all, to two generations of Kemms. On the death of the last Mr. Kemm, Col. Jenner became tenant, and in 1907 bought the property. The Hall and Great Chamber of 1601 were re- decorated a century later by Sir Richard Holford, and the present doorways, and mantelpieces, and ceiling, are of this date. In the article on the furniture a tribute is paid to the taste with which it has been collected, and the skill with which Mrs. Jenner has reproduced the spirit of the William and Mary needlework, with which so much of it 1s now adorned. The Wilton Armour. By F. H. Cripps-Day. Country Life, | June 4th, 1921, pp. 669—671, with photos of ‘“‘ Complete Suit of Armour for man and horse, cer. 1560” ; “ Coloured Drawing of the Pembroke Suit, from the MS. of the Armours made at Greenwich, generally known as the Jacobe MS., now in the Victoria and Albert Museum, purchased at the Spitzer Sale, in Paris”; “The Cap-a-pie Suit of Decorated Armour worn by the Second Karl of Pembroke, made at Greenwich”; “The Burgonet belonging to the Pembroke Suit— 22 quarterings of the Pembroke family”; “The Breastplate, tace and tassels of the Pembroke Suit” ; “The Falling buff of the Pembroke Suit.” This famous suit has hung at Wilton since it was made for Henry, Earl of Pembroke, cz7. 1578—80. ‘There is only one other such suit 442 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. in England that remains in possession of the family for which it wags made, This armour was formerly attributed to a German named Topf, but the evidence is given in this article which establishes the fact that — it was made at Greenwich, and probably by a master workman named _ Jacobe, or Jacobi. Much of the other armour in the Wilton Sale is’ that of retainers of the family. Marlborough College. In Our Family Affairs, 1867—1896.” By kK. J. Benson. Cassell & Company, Ltd., London, &c. 1920. 93in. x 64in., - two chapters, VII. and 1X., pp. 137—165, 192—213, are taken up with a very entertaining and apparently very true account of the life at the school in his time. ’ How I write my Poems. By Fay Inchfaun (Mrs. Ward, of Bradford-on-Avon), with portrait of the writer and her daughter, Girl’s Own Paper and Woman’s Magazine, April, 1921, p. 361. Thomas Boulter, of Poulshot, highwayman. The old story of his exploits is re-told in the Wiltshire Times, Aug. 13th, 1921. Wiltshire, by A.G. Bradley. With Maps, Diagrams, and illustrations. Cambridge: at the University Press. 1915. | | q Cloth, 6$in. xX 44in., pp. xi. + 156. Price 4s. 6d. Photo illustra tions. Salisbury Cathedral from N E. and interior. Poultry Cross. Marlborough from Granham Hill and College. Bremhill Church. Market Place, Devizes. Bradford-on-Avon. Bromham Church. In Old_ Swindon. Bemerton Church and Rectory. King’s House, Salisbury. Marlborough, High Street. Trowbridge, Fore Street. Downton Village - (2), Moot, and Moot House. Grand Avenue, Savernake. Wilton House, from river. Castle Combe (2). Ramsbury. ‘ Porch House,” (called “‘ Church House,”) Potterne. Corsham, Flemish Houses. Ald-— bourne Old Cross and Village. Avebury Church (2) and Font. Westbury White Horse. Purton Church. Longford Castle. Coate Reservoir (2). Devizes, St. John’s Church. Maud Heath Monument. A Wiltshire Farm Yard, milking time. Wiltshire Bacon, the ancient custom of Burning the pig. Wootton Bassett Town Hall. ‘ Mason’s” Yard, Corsham Stone Co. Wardour Castle (old). Old Sarum, © Stonehenge, with plan. Martinsel]. Devil’s Den. Avebury Stones. — Bradford, Saxon Church (2). Marlborough St. Mary’s, Norman Door. Amesbury Church. Edington Church. §%, Wraxall Manor. Bradford, - Tithe Barn and the Hall. Cerney Wick Lock and Round House. — Portraits of Jane Seymour, Ed. Hyde, John Aubrey, Sir Chr. Wren. Wanborough Church. Swindon Town Hall. Brinkworth Church. Cricklade Church. Malmesbury Abbey and Market Cross. Silbury” Hill. Hinton Parva Church. Standlynch, the Avon. Wroughton Church. Physical and Geological Maps of Wilts, coloured, as end papers. a This is one of the series of “‘ Cambridge County Handbooks,” the ~ Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 443 Pocket Edition, 1915, the 1st edition being published in 1909. It gives a good account of the general characteristics of the county, its position and natural conditions, the reasons for its former importance as the centre of the wool trade. The down country, which is its most marked characteristic, is well described. The chapters on geology and soil and natural history are very well done. Then follows a section on climate and rainfall (the average rainfall in 1906 over the whole of the county was 31°64 inches, the highest rainfall being 38°27 inches at Tisbury, the lowest 27 inches at Swindon). The Wiltshire dialect is described as well as may be ina page or two. The agriculture of the county, its crops, sheep, and bacon, are well touched on. Its history, antiquities, and architecture, ecclesiastical and domestic, are all adequately dealt with. Sections on Communications past and present, the Roll of Honour of the County, its administration, and its chief towns and villages complete a very useful, accurate, and nicely got up ne volume. Henry Fox, first Lord Holland, his Family and Relations. By the Earl of Ilchester. In two volumes with illustrations. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. 1920. 8vo. cloth. Vol. I., pp. xv. + 366, 5 portraits. Vol. II, pp. xi. + 391, index, and four portraits and a view. -'Phe earliest known member of the Wiltshire family of Fox was Robert, of Farley, who married Agnes, d. of Stephen Whitlock, of East Dean. His son, William, married Margaret, d. of Thomas Pavey, of Plaitford, and died 1652. He had two sons, Johnand Stephen. John, b. 1616 (died 1691), was closet keeper to Ch. II. as P. of Wales abroad, and assisted in his escape after Worcester. He married Eliz., d. of Hen. Smart, of Plymouth, and lived on an estate purchased at Avebury. Stephen (Sir Stephen Fox), b. at Farley, March 27th, 1627, married first Elizabeth Whittle. He acted in various capacities under Ch. II. when abroad and at the restoration, held amongst other offices that of Paymaster General, and made a great fortune. Of him Evelyn says “ He is believed to be worth at least £200,000, honestly gotten and unenvied, which isnexttoamiracle . . . withall this hecontinues as humble and ready to do a courtesie as ever he was.” He purchased land largely in ‘Wilts and Somerset and elsewhere, rebuilt Farley Church and provided the Almshouses, re-pewed Salisbury Cathedral, as well as founding charitable institutions at Redlynch (Som.), Brome (Suff.), and Ashby (Northants). The scheme for the foundation of Chelsea Hospital was due to his initiative; to this he gave some £14,000. He was M.P. for Salisbury and Cricklade. His portrait by Sir Peter Lely is given. At the age of 77 he married, secondly, Christian, d. of Rev. Francis Hopes, 1708. His son, by his first marriage, Charles, b. Jan. 2nd, 1660, also sat for Cricklade and Salisbury, acted as joint paymaster under James II, Will. IIL, and Anne, and died without issue, 1713. By Sir Stephen’s 444 Some Old Houses of Devizes. By Ed. Kite. [No. 9]. ¥ | house to Will. Stevens, grocer, who issued his tokens in 1663. In 1666 : } Wiltshire Books. Pamphlets, and Articles. — second marriage he had two sons, Stephen and Henry, and two — daughters. Both the boys went to Eton and Christchurch. Henry ~ took to politics at once. In 1727 he was elected for Hindon, | unseated on petition, was defeated at Old Sarum in 1728 by one ~ vote (there were only three voters present), and in 1835 he was elected — for Hindon, his brother Stephen (Baron Ilchester, 1741) sitting for ~ Shaftesbury. The Fox property included Maddington as well as Farley, and many details of the brothers’ shooting round the former ~~ place, and all over the western side of the Plain are given from the — Melbury game books. Much of the partridge and pheasant shooting - seems to have been done on horseback. Quails seem to have been ~ fairly frequent. The great bulk of these two volumes is, of course, taken up with Fox’s © political career, in other words with the political history of England © during his lifetime, on which the author claims that much new light is” thrown by new material at Holland House, never yet made use of, and ~ by a series of Fox’s own letters, hitherto unknown. Moreover, the doings of his family circle had never before been adequately described. | In all this there is little that touches Wiltshire. The house at Winter- slow that he bought for his son Stephen was burned to the ground in ~ 1774. The careers and characters of the twosons, Stephen and Charles James, are dwelt on up to the time of the death of Lord Holland, — There are portraits of Sir Stephen Fox, Henry Fox 1st Lord Holland, (2), Stephen Fox 1st Earl of Ilchester, Lady Caroline Fox ist Lady Holland, and Lady Mary Fox 2nd Lady Holland. : a No. 3, St. John Street. Wiltshire Gazette Sept. sth, 1921. The front has been modernised, but the timber framing of a 16th” century or earlier house remains. It was described as ‘‘ Robert Cordu- | roy’s House,” temp. Eliz. In 1661 the owner was Will Flower, draper, of London, s. of Stephen Flower, and Margaret, d. of John Allan, draper, | of Devizes. The Flower family were of Devizes, Potterne,and Chitterne; | six members of the family were mayors between 1604 and 1787, and : » | George Flower, of Devizes, was Sheriff 1760. Will Flower leased the Richard Watton, grocer, owned the house, and in the same year con- veyed it to Edward Hope, grocer—the “ Great Hall” andtwochambers | above being specially reserved for the use of Margaret, sister of Will — a Flower, of London, until her death in 1682, and this part of the house | was rebuilt as it now stands in 1707, In 1678 John Fry, grocer, was | the occupier, and issued a token, ‘as also had Richard Watton and | Edward Hope. Ed. Hope, Jun., in 1675 conveyed the house to James” Davidson, mercer, who in 1679 conveyed it to Richard Hope, of Dev ‘zeal gent. Walter Barnes owned it in 1681. John Scott, of Chippenham, | clothier, and Hugh Gough, of Devizes, woollen draper, were the next | owners. Jane Gough, d. of the last, conveyed it to Elizabeth, d. Ohman Francis Brittan, ironmonger, and it remained in the hands of this | family for a century. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 445 Stonehenge. The Sphere, April 2nd, 1921, hada series of good photos with short letterpress account of the work of preservation, the Aubrey Holes, &c. The illustrations were of :—‘‘ Stones 6 &7 in their dangerous condition”; ‘‘ A Lintel Stone in wooden cradle”; ‘* A Stone ouineins in mid air”; “Stones 6 & 7 at last secure”; “ The Toe of Stone” “The dangerous angle of Stone 7”; “ Sac Plan of Sichcigs showing the Stones rendered secure”; “‘ Proportion of Stone below the surface grass”; “The Slewing of a Lintel”; ‘ Raising an upright in its cradle”; “Stone Tenon”; ‘The Slaughtering Stone”; ‘The Method of arriving at the Age of Stonehenge by Astronomical Means” ; “The Round Barrows surrounding Stonehenge, which also help to fix its date (plan) ”; two little birds’ nests tucked away under the hoary lintels of Stonehenge.” : The AgeofStonehenge. Mr.E.H.Stone,inthe Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 8th, 1921, under this heading, writes to defend Sir Norman Lockyer’s pe ooomical deductions against the attacks made on them at the Warminster Meeting of the Society by Messrs. Engleheart and Crawford, and by Rice Holmes in his Ancient Britain, &c. He maintains that what Lockyer said was that “The point on the horizon at which Midsummer sunrise occurs was at one time in line with the axis of Stonehenge. It has since shifted by a measurable angle towards the east”; that the rate of this shifting is known, and that therefore “ the date at which Midsummer sunrise took place at that position can be- determined by any competent computer.” ‘These are not “ theories,” but “absolute and incontrovertible truths.” In the next issue of the Gazette, Sept. 15th, 1921, the Rev. G. H. Engleheart answers by reiterating the archxological evidence which goes to prove the Karly Bronze Age, at latest, as the probable period of the erection of Stonehenge, and proceeds to deliver a vigorous assault ‘on Sir Norman Lockyer. ‘His whole position is vitiated by his gratuitious assumption in advance that Stonehenge was set up for solar observation. For this there is not one jot or tittle of evidence. The notion was an invention of one Dr. John Smith in 1771.” He points out that recent excavation goes to prove that the ‘Slaughter Stone” once stood upright, and therefore blocked the view of the “Friar’s Heel” stone and the Midsummer sunrise from the ‘“‘ Altar stone,” and he again quotes Rice Holmes on the assumption of Sir Norman Lockyer that Stonehenge was set out with a view to the observation of the Midsummer sunrise. He ends by saying “I am confident that its completion (the complete exploration of the Stonehenge area) will establish beyond doubt the purely sepulchral character of the monument.” Both writers followed up their letters in subsequent issues, main- taining their respective views. The Salisbury Journal of May 6th and 13th contained letters from “M.A.,” maintaining in effect that modern archeologists are to be no more regarded than the thousand theorists who have gone before them. All of them ignore ‘‘ History ” as found in “the Bardic records, Welsh triads, and Saxon history.” “‘ The present seems the exact time, after 446 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, aad Articles. the material restoration, in which to effect a much-needed historical — restoration.” In his second letter he elaborates the argument for its — post-Roman date as based on the fact that no Roman writer mentions its existence, a thing incredible, he says, if it existed in Roman times. 7 In this same issue, May 13th, 1921, a letter from C. F. Cooksey recommends to the notice of the “local pundits” an article, ‘‘in which I, as the writer, put forth an entirely new view of the origin and history of Stonehenge.” (See Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvi., 498.) 1 Imber. ‘The Rev. Edgar Glanfield contributed to the Wiltshire Gazette, ~ Sept. Ist, 1921, a couple of columns of gossipping notes on Imber, and ~ more especially onthe Church. Hedescribesat some length theremains ~ of the mural painting on the north wall, just west of the door, and finds — in it the heads of various beasts and birds, and human figures. He associates the whole with the legend of St. Giles. It is right, however, ~ to note that archeologists, unblest with the gift of imagination, were — . unable during the recent visit to make out the various figures that Mr. Glanfield sees so plainly. Joel Ettry, clockmaker, of Horton in Bishops — Cannings. The Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 15th, 1921, has a note — on a sale of the furniture of Mrs. Benger, of Marden, on Sept. 13th, — where the most interesting item was an eight-day clock in oak case, © with brass dial face, made by Joel Ettry, of Horton. It was bought — for £27 by Mrs. Benger’s son. The maker married, Hannah Shipman, — of All Cannings, in 175], and died 1786, being buried at Bishops — Cannings. Hewasthe maker of many good clocks, and “was looked — upon asa very clever and cunning man, much given to astrology, the casting of nativities, &c.” : Annual Report of the Salisbury, South Wilts, and Blackmore Museum for 1920—1921. Pamphlet, ~ Svo, pp. 15, © a ‘The report contains evidence again of the remarkable educational © work carried out at the museum by Mr. Stevens, in connection chiefly ~ with the elementary schools of the city, as wel] as with other bodies of students.. Various structural additions and improvements, to cost — £1300, are contemplated in the near future, from the funds of the ~ Wilkes bequest. ‘The Edwards Library has been removed to the ~ Public Library, and the beautiful circular room has been cleaned and ~ re-decorated in readiness to become the show room of the fine collection — of Wilkes China. Wayland Smith Cave, Sarsen Stones at Ashdown — Park, Berks, and Avebury. By A. D. Passmore. A note — _ Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 447 in Man, 1919 [1963]. The writer believes that several smooth-faced stones at Weyland Smith’s Cave have had their surfaces worked like the Stonehenge stones. He examined the area covered by sarsens at Ashdown and found no such smooth flat surfaces on any of the stones there. Similarly at Avebury he believes that the large upright stone on the S. side of the “Cove” in the northern circle has been worked into a rectangular shape, and that the greater part of the surface of the stone on the side next the houses has been tooled, leaving a portion of the natural brown crust near the base. | | Bradford-on-Avon. Church House. The Wiltshire Times | June 4th, 1921, states that Mr. A. Wallington, of Frome, and formerly of Bradford-on-Avon, had purchased and handed over to the Church the property in Church Street now used as a Masonic temple, with cottages at the side and overhead. This building in 1500 was known as the “Church House.” Later it was turned into cottages, and for many years after 1715 was used asaschool. Subsequently the buildings fell into disuse and were purchased by the Town Hall Company and let to the Freemasons. ‘I'wo years ago Mr. Wallington purchased the property and has now presented it for use as a Church House again. —————————eee | Marlborough Grammar School in ‘‘ The Forties.”’ Reminiscences of an Old Meylerian. For Private Circulation. Pamphlet, royal 8vo, pp. 20. Printed by Lucy & Co., Marlborough. 1921. : These reminiscences by Mr. R. W. Merriman are confined to the years 1846 to 1851, when he himself was at the Grammar School under the Rev. Thomas Meyler, who died in 1852. He gives a series of notes on the life of the school in a gossippy way, and adds, in an appendix of 8 pages, notes short and informal on one hundred and six boys and ten masters who were at school with him. Some of these are distinctly | entertaining. Bush, for instance, was almost certainly one of the Bristol Bushes. He once delivered R.W.M. “from an imposition, by a most ingenious fiction”; whilst Willis is “remembered only as a jovial festive person.” Wilts Quarter Sessions in the Sixties. Personal | Reminiscences of the late Clerk of the Peace | (RB. W. Merriman). Weltshire Gazette, Oct. 6th and 13th, 1921. Mr. Merriman describes the way in which the business of the county was transacted by the old Court of Quarter Sessions at their quarterly meetings at Devizes, Salisbury, Warminster, and Marlborough, in the days before the civil administration of the county was taken out of the justices’ hands by the creation of the County Council. The whole of this civil business was then disposed of at the four quarterly meetings, ‘OL, XLI—NO. CXXXV. 2 H | Nh 448 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. the standing committees being only three in number, those dealing | with Finance, the Police, and the County Asylum. In addition a body ~ of visiting justices looked after the Prisons. In 1866 the total county | rate was 54d., and produced £24,105 10s, 11d. : Garsdon, Washington Family. The Feld, April 25th, 1914, — had two illustrations, one of a portrait of Sir Lawrence Washington, of — Garsdon, formerly in the Townsend Collection, sold in 1904, and then in the possession of Messrs. Colnaghi; the other of a stone bearing the arms and crest of Washington, once in the wall of Garsdon Manor | House, but in 1914 in the possession of Mr. E. Woody, of Coin St. | Aldwyn, whose father brought it from Garsdon, of which he was — tenant at the time certain alterations were made there. q 449° ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Museum. Presented by Caprain anp Mrs. CunnINGTON: The collection of pottery and objects of bronze, bone, iron, and stone, from the excavations on the site of the Early Iron Age Settlement at All Cannings Cross Farm, 1911 and 1920. Also the case specially made to contain them. Rev. C. V. GopparpD: Large iron cow bell, old Wiltshire example purchased at Trowbridge, 1921. i » Rev. P. H. Jackson: Early 17th century bracket clock. 9 59 Library. } Presented by THz AutnHor, J. Lez Osporn: “ Cricklade, the Meeting | Place of Augustine and the British Bishops.” Cirencester, 1921. ee Rev. E. H. Gopparp: ‘‘ The Prehistoric Stone Monuments of the British Isles. Cornwall. By the Rev. W. C. Lukis. 1885.” Folio. CaMBRIDGE University Press: “ Wiltshire,” by A. G. Bradley. 1915. Capt. B. H. Cunnineaton: Small album of photos taken during the Meeting of the Society at Devizes, 1920. Mr. F. Stevens: “Annual Report of Salisbury, S. Wilts, | and Blackmore Museum for 1920—21.” Mr. J.J. SLADE: 22 Wilts Estate Sale Catalogues, Catalogue | | of Armour from Wilton House, 1921, 3 Sale Catalogues, | 2 Wilts Pamphlets. i » Mer. J. Luewevwin: “ Bells and Bellfounding by X. Y. Z. F Bristol. 1879.” Mr. A. D. Passmore: ‘ Thirteen Sermons preached before the University of Oxford, by John Bilstone, Vicar of | Hannington. 1749.” “The Trial of James ‘Thomas Earl of Cardigan before the House of Peers for Felony 1841.” | MS. plan, to scale, of the Manton Long Barrow. i 2H 2 99 9) 450 Additions to Museum and Lnbrary. Presented by Tue Aurnor, Mr. E. H. Stone: “ Stonehenge. Notes — | on the Midsummer Sunrise.” Folio. Typed. | . » Dirto: “ Notes on Quarrying and Shaping the Stones.” Bs », Dirro: “Catalogue of useful works on Stonehenge,” with ~ notes on their contents, &c. Folio. Typed. | ai » Lapy Hope: Large original plan, coloured, by Sir Will. St. John Hope, of the foundations, pavement, tombs, &c., of the Saxon and Norman Cathedrals at Old Sarum as | excavated. Other plans. 5p » Tae AutHor, Mr. R. W. Merriman: “ Reminiscences of | oie an old Meylerian. For private circulation.” 1921. ‘ » Mr. H. A. Pitman: 23 old Wiltshire Deeds. C. H. Woodward, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. — THE SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the _ Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most reliable account of Stonehenge and its Harthworks. | WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.R.S., A.D. 1659-1670. Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. EH. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates, | Price £2 10s. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM. CHARLES T. 8vo, pp- vil. + 501. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 13s. DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN, III., ED. I., and ED. II. 8vo, pp. xv., 005. In parts as issued, Price 18s, DITTO. FROM THE REIGN OF ED. III. 8vo., pp. 402. In six parts as issued. Price 13s, : A BIBLIOGRAPHY or tHe GREAT STONE MONUMENTS oF WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE ann AVEBURY, with other references, by W. Jerome Harrison, I'.G.S8., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No. 89,Dec., 1901, of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &c., by 732 authors, THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. Animportant work in 2 vols., 8vo, pp. 927, containing a great number of deeds connected with property in many Wiltshire Parishes of the 14th and 15th centuries. Only 150 copies were printed, of which a few are left. Price to members, £1 10s., and to non- members,. £2. The Society has no copies of No. 132 of the Magazine (June, 1920) left. Any member who has a copy of this number and does not require it will confer a benefit on the Society by sending it to the Rev. E. H. Goddard or to Mr. D. Owen. BOOKBINDING. Books carefully Bound to pattern. Wilts Archeological Magazine bound to match previous volumes, We have several back numbers to make up sets. C. H. WOODWARD, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. North Wilts Museum and LIBRARY AT DEVIZES. In answer to the appeal made in 1905 annual subscriptions” varying from £2 to 5s. to the amount of about £30 a year for this — purpose have been given since then by about sixty Members of the Society and the fund thus set on foot has enabled the- Cominittee to add much to the efficiency of ue Library and- Museum. It is very desirable that this fund should be raised to at least. £50 a year, in order that the General Fund of the Society may be released to a large extent from the cost of the Museum, and “set free for the other purposes of the Society. Subscriptions of 5s..a year, or upwards, are asked for, ail should be sent either to Mr. D. Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, ” or Rev. E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, ~The Committee appeal to Members of the Society and others- to secure any . Objects of Antiquity, AND | Uncommon Natural History Specimens, ‘found in the County of Wilts and to forward them to the -Hon. Curator, Mr. B. H. 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The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subscrip- tions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- tary: the Rev. HE. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS To be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas 4to, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s. One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s. 6d. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo, 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston,M.A. Price to the Public, 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or tat STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES 1n tHe SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, Part II. 1911. Fully illustrated. Price Qs. CATALOGUE or tue SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at tax MUSEUM. Price 1s. APPENDIX No.1, II., and III., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, 1n THE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at toe MUSEUM. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS in tax SOCIETY'S: COLLECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBEBS or tue MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. ———_ ss a a oe a oe yf WILTSHIRE Archeological & Natural History MAGAAINE. No. CXXXVI. JUNE, 1922. Nou See —— Contents. Noves oN THE EcoLestASTICAL History or WRoUGHTON, ITS Rectrors aNp Vicars: Compiled by Mrs. I. Story Maskelyne amaanmeninev; ©amon > Manley! >... c./.cescese esses sche sncdose tees ee cues WiLtsHtIrE NewsparpeRS—Past AND PRESENT. Part ITI. (continued). THs NEWSPAPERS oF SoutH Wi tts: By Mrs. Herbert Richardson, B.A., sometime Scholar of St, etrcdngsy Collese Oxfords. cod... coon. ccese sets, sen vcnive ceedloulins ian Kine’s Bowoop Park [No. II.]: By The Earl of Kerry......... Tag Devit’s Den DotMEN, CLATFORD Borrom. AN Account of THE MoNUMENT AND OF WorK UNDERTAKEN IN 1921 To STRENGTHEN THe NortuH-East Upricut: By A. D. PREIS SHUM MME isan ner UU aes aia tha acs wilde cal a eitameatery ke EAU ANAM MN AOI NG I ae he Geman gh kG Uobins Gece ee alicanibus so sewn. ILLUSTRATIONS. PMO BOWOOG HOUSE) 0. cit cie cess cemcceranecucnesevaes suusesies Fig. 1. Devil’s Den. South side, before the work began... Fig. 2. Devil’s Den. After Stukeley, Abury, lab. XXXIV., p6o,..!rom ye North West,” 1725.............. Beeman wae Fig. 3. Devil’s Den. Plan showing Capstone removed ... Fig. 4. Devil’s Den. Work in progress, 1921, showing BCH EIU STASUNIO MO ORESE Met. . cee cc Ockd aocssoGe) se aa vecemes eccsee oy Fig. 5. Devil’s Den. Concrete footing completed, 1921. EMO UID Ss Eee rors ate ate is vec nae se pce snn ne oatidas veccm, aeciuesvecces Fig. 6. Devil’s Den. Work finished, 1921. From N.W. PAGE. 451—478 479—501 502—522 523—530 531—606 529 530 Devizes :—C. H. Woopwarp, Excuancs BuiLpinas, Station Roan. THE WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE, ‘“ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS. ’—Ouvid. ] | % | | No. CXXXVI. JUNE, 1922. Vou. XU. NOTES ON THE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF WROUGHTON, ITS RECTORS AND VICARS. Compiled by Mrs. T. Story MAsKELYNE and the Rev. Canon MANLEY. The ecclesiastical history of Wroughton is of more than ordinary interest, partly because of its long connection with the See of Winchester and partly | because we have such a full list of its clergy, many of whom,owing to the fact that the Rectory was a valuable one and seems not to have entailed residence, were men occupying high positions in the Church. In a previous paper on the history of Wroughton it has been shown that the principal manor in the parish, that of Ellandune, in early Saxon times formed in all probability /part of the possessions of Pielhiaves Ene Abbey (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxviii., 'P. 110). In Domesday we find that this manors reckoned among the pos sessions of the Bishop of Winchester, forming one of the manors under his ‘care the proceeds of which were for the maintenance of the monks of St. ‘Swithin, attached to Winchester Cathedral. In the monastic history of the Cathedral no record occurs of any donor of the manor to the monks, ‘but in the article on Wroughton referred to above, reasons are given for |believing that through some exchanges of property between King Edgar and the Abbey of Malmesbury, this manor ultimately became annexed to Winchester. | The parish of Wroughton, according to Canon Jones, includes five manorial holdings described in Domesday : Ellendune, Wertune, Wervetone, Elcombe, ‘and Salteharpe. The principal manor gave its name to the parish and the ‘Church, as may be seen from ancient land deeds,' and from the list of Biseopal institutions, until about the end of the 15th century. After that time Wroughton als Elyndon was the recognised name, until at last the jearlier name was dropped altogether in favour of Wroughton. A similar : | | | | 1 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvi., p.94. ‘‘Quedhampton in parochia de Elyn- don,” 27 Dec. 1326, p. 106, 19 April, 1502, Do.; p. 112, 9 Feb., 1564—5, “ Wroughton als Elindon.” VOL. XLI.—NO, CXXXVI. oer 452 Notes wpon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. change of name is found in the case of the monks manor. Inthe Library — at Winchester are still extant thirty-five Court Rolls of the manor (1275— 1541), which is throughout called “ Worston,” variously spelt. In the Chartulary, vol. i, p. 125, however, we find “ Pleadings in suit between John Brembleshete & Walter Rye, tenants of the manor of Ellandune.” In the Bull of Innocent IV., (Dugdale’s Monast., I., 211), which enumerates the possessions of the monks in 1243, it is called “ Wroston,” as also in the “Valor Eccl.” vol. vi. p. vii. in the Taxatio of Pope Nicholas in 1293, “Nether Werston,” in the Calendar of Charter Rolls, 1285 ‘ Wourfton,” 1300 “ Wertona.” In the grant by Hen. VIII. to the Dean and Chapter after the Dissolution it is called “ Wroughton ” (Letters and Papers Hen. VITI., 1st May, 1541). The see of Winchester was one of those in which the Cathedral body was formed by a monastic establishment consisting of a prior and monks, the place of the Abbot being taken by the Bishop. ‘he monks at Winchester were of the Benedictine order and their priory was known by various names but finally adopted that of St. Swithin, who was for many years (837—62) Bishop of Winchester, and whose honoured remains rested in the Cathedral. The connection between Malmesbury and Winchester in early days was a close one. ‘Two of the monks of Malmesbury in the 8th century became Bishops of Winchester. One of these was the well-known Daniel, who for some forty years ruled as Bishop (7083—44) and at last retired to end his days in the Monastery of Malmesbury, humbly accepting — the position of a private monk. The other was Athelard, who in 794 was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. This close and friendly connection between Malmesbury and Winchester would have naturally led to arrange- ments with regard to property, which would be to mutual advantage. The Bishop of Winchester held certain manors in Wiltshire, at the time of Domesday, as part of the endowment of his see. Certain other manors — are also entered under his name, which were really the property of the monks of St. Swithin. Of these last manors he was “custos” or trustee, and they are described as held by him “pro victu monachorum.” The management of these manors was no doubt left to the monks and the Bishop obtained no pecuniary advantage from them,’ but he exercised some supervision over the monks’ use of their property. The relations between the Bishop and the Cathedral body formed by the monks seem generally to have been quite satisfactory, more particulary in the 12th century. Thus Wn. Giffard Bishop from 1101 to 1128, described by the monkish chronicler as “compatientissimus et piissimus hominum,” made a special grant to — them of the Rectory of Ellendon “ad faciendos libros,” and his successor, Henry of Blois, Bishop from 1129 to 1171, confirmed this gift, allowing it to be used ‘“‘ad conscriptionem Librorum et ad reparationem organorum et ad alia quzecumge eidem Monasterie necessaria.” (Winch. Cath. Muniments, Cartulary I., No. 9, Reg. Episc. Pontissera.) In the 13th century, however, 2 In the Pipe Roll of the Bishopric, 1207—8 edited by Mr. Hubert Hall, no mention is made of the manor, which is sufficient evidence that the Prior and monks were then in full possession. The name “ Prior’s Hill,” in Wroughton, is still a record of their tenure of this property. By Mrs, T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 453 there were continuous disputes between the Bishop and the convent. This may have been partially, at any rate, due to the policy of the Papacy which encouraged all monastic establishments to free themselves from the authority of Bishops and place themselves under the direct rule of the Pope. Pre- sumably to strengthen their position against the Bishop the monks in 1243 obtained a licence from the Pope (Papal Registers, Papal Letters, A.D. _ 1243, 5 Kal. Oct.) to administer the Cathedral and the property which belonged to them, including the manor of Wrofton. This license is evidently the Bull of Pope Innocent IV. (undated) given ‘in full by Dugdale, which records in detail the rights and possessions of the “Prior and brethren of Winchester Cathedral,” confirming them in all these ‘salve sedis apostolice autoritate et Winton. Episcopi canonica justitia.” Among these properties mention is made of ‘manerium de Wroston,” and of “ ecclesia de Elmidon (sec) cum omnibus pertinenciis suis ad faciendos libros.” ‘Ten years later the disputes between the Bishop, Aylmer de Valence, uterine brother of the King, and the monks became acute. The Bishop deprived the Prior and others obedient to his commands because the monks refused to give their customary account of certain property of the Church before the Bishop’s officials. The quarrel was patched up for a time but renewed in 1276, when the Bishop, then Nicholas of Ely, deprived Prior Valentine and took the administration of the Church property into his own hands. John de Pontissera, “‘a man of great learning and experience,” who in 1282 was consecrated Bishop at Rome, at length succeeded in terminating ‘‘ the dissensions which had so often arisen between _ the Bishop and the monks. The Convent gave up to him certain advowsons and he resigned to them certain manses” (Dugdale’s JMJonast., ii, 197). | The “Ecclesia de Elingdon” was, we may conclude, one of the advowsons _ then definitely given back to the Bishop." How far later Bishops had _ recognized the right of the monks to the Rectory is not, however, clear.? | The earliest record we have of the appointment of a Rector, viz., in 1250, | states distinctly that the presentation is made by the King owing to the | voidance of the See of Winchester. ‘‘At a rather early period, so the evidence leads us to conclude, all the | great Saxon landowners had founded a religious house or a rectory on their _ estates” (Cutt’sParishPriests and their people,éc., p. 110). If we may assume _that the manor of Hlyndon came by gift of Ceaduella of Wessex as early as 688 into the possession of Malmesbury Abbey (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., | 403), we may be reasonably certain that here not long after that date the _ effect of Archbishop Theodore’s policy in developing parochial organization 1 There is one charge upon the Rectory which may have formed part of the agreement. This is the pension of £5 paid yearly from the Rectory to the Prior of St. Swithin, noted in the “ Taxatio” (1293) and the “ Valor ” (1535) and among the property reconveyed to the Cathedral Chapter in | 1541. So the monks after all had something to buy books with. We have to thank Canon Madge for information supplied. 2 Calendar of Charter Rolls (1257—1300), II, p. 273—1284, Bishop of Winchester holds advowsons of . . . Elyndon Ty 1 D 454, Notes upon the Heclesiastical History of Wroughton. would have led to the erection of a Church! and the appointment of a priest, with proper provision for his support, to minister to the t enants of the manor. It would be natural for the thanes of the other properties included in the parish to grant land and tithes so that the Church and priest. might be available for all who lived in the parish. Thus the Rectory of Elingdon would have come into existence and the advowson in the first instance. appendant to the manor. How it was that the monks of St. Swithin, when they obtained the manor, did not also obtain the advowson, we do not know, but our earliest evidence shows the Bishop as owner of the advowson, and in the long list of Rectors of Elingdon given below it will be seen that the presentation in all cases lies with the Bishop of Winchester, and during the voidance of the see with the King. The rectory was, at any rate in later times, a valuable piece of preferment and the duties apparently of the slightest after the appointment of a vicar had been sanctioned. The rector in the first instance would have been resident in the parish, undertaking the cure of souls. But when the tithes of the whole parish became definitely affixed to his office,” and through the ex- tended cultivation of the land greatly increased in value, he would have been only too ready to leave a substitute to discharge his duties in the parish and do more congenial Church work elsewhere. The Bishops did not object to such an arrangement so long as the substitute was fit for the work and was properly remunerated. Towards the end of the eleventh and beginning of the twelfth centuries the Bishops were everywhere engaged In compelling those who held rectories, whether monasteries or individuals, to make proper provision for the spiritual work of their parishes. This led to the appointment by the rector of a vicar, whose tenure was permanent, answerable to the Bishop for the proper fulfilment of his duties and assigned by the rector a sufficient endowment to maintain his position in decent comfort. We have no record of the date* at which a Vicar of Elyndon was first appointed, but this may have resulted from the ap- propriation of the rectory to the monks of St. Swithin by Bishop Giffard. The earlier rectors of whom we have information illustrate the scanty spiritual equipment which was sufficient to qualify them for appointment. The law made a man who had received the lowest of the minor orders capable of holding a benefice, and licence of non-residence was freely granted ——— 1 This surmise is confirmed by the mention of “the Churchway ” in the ancient land limits of the manor, dated A.D. 956, given in the Codex Diplomaticus. “The Lovels apparently appropriated a portion of the tithe on their Elcombe property to Minster Lovel, a pension being as early as 1127 paid by the rector to this cell of Ivry Abbey ( Ministers’ Accts. under Possessions. of Alien Priories). The ancient custom which allowed an owner to assign the tithe of his lands to various religious uses at his own discretion was stopped by Innocent III. in a decretal letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury, cir. 1200 (Cutt’s Parish Priests, &c., p. 95). 3 The earliest record of a vicar is in Phillipps’ Wilts Znst., 1315, but the record of institutions at Sarum only commences a few years earlier. By Mrs, ugh Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 455 for study at some university. Boniface VII. in his decretal not only allows a sub-deacon to hold a benefice but grants him seven years in which to qualify ;himself for the orders of deaconand priest. The Bishops, while recognizing the gravity of this abuse, could only do their best to urge those holding rectories to proceed to priests’ orders. Another common abuse which our list illustrates is that of pluralities. This evil has not been peculiar to one age only in the Church, but it became so marked in the 13th century that the Popes exerted their authority to end it. These efforts were resented by the English clergy, but in time produced some effect. It is plain, however, that the Rectory of Elyndon as time went on became more and more an office which required no direct spiritual work in the parish and was used by the Bishop to remunerate men of promise or dis- tinction who were doing the work of the Church in other ways, being habitually given in plurality. Thus we find among sometime holders of the rectory men occupying high positions in the Church, one indeed becoming Archbishop of York and another Bishop of Winchester. In more modern times the Bishops freely appointed relatives. The Dissolution swept away the monastic establishment at Winchester, which was replaced by a Dean and Chapter. This new Cathedral body was | by letters patent! from the King, Ist May, 1541, granted various estates _ formerly the property of the monks of St. Swithin, including the manor of | Wroughton, but the patronage of the benefice remained as before with the Bishop of Wiuchester. During the stormy times of the Civil War and | Commonwealth the rectory was sequestred from Walter Raleigh, Dean of | Wells, and the whole income granted by the Commissioners to the vicar, | Thomas Stubbs. At the Restoration a rector, Thomas Newlin, President of Corpus Christi Coll., Oxon, was again duly instituted, and so matters | continued until after the appointment of the Ecclesiastical Commission by statute in 1836. This had for its object the centralizing of the surplus / revenues of various bishoprics and ecclesiastical corporations and the re- / moval of obvious ecclesiastical abuses, among others sinecures. The sinecure rectory of Wroughton accordingly passed into the hands of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and with the death of the last clerical rector, Richard Pretyman, in 1866, the income of the rectory became part of their common fund. Thus was finally closed the long connection of this parish with the See of Winchester, for the manor property had under the same Act also come into the possession of the Ecclesiastical Commisioners. It will be of interest to consider what we know of the endowments of the Church of Elyndon. We have no evidence earlier than the date of the | “Taxatio” (1293), when both a rector and a vicar drew their income from | the parish, the rectory being assessed at £33 6s. 8d., with a further £5 paid | _ ! Grant in frank-almoigne of the manors of . . . Wroughton, | which belonged to the late monastery of St. Swithin . . . also certain | pensions issuing from the rectories of . . . Elyndon .. . of old called pentecostals of St. Swithin (Letters Yor. G Dom., 33 Hen. VIITL, p. 417). | )\\ i 456 Notes upon the Keclesiastical History of Wroughton, as a pension to the monks of St. Swithin and £2 to the monks of Briaco,* the vicarage being assessed at £4 6s. 8d. Thus the whole Church income would have been £44 13s. 4d., or, expressed in marks, 67 marks,’ the vicar receiving 64 marks. By the Council of Oxford in 1222 five marks was. fixed as the minimum amount to be paid out of the revenues of the parsonage to the vicar, but cases are by no means rare in which only four marks were paid, which shows that this was regarded as a living wage for an unmarried man of the yeoman class (Hest. of Hng. Ch. Endowments, p. 85, by J. K. Floyer). This being so the vicarage of Elingdon was fairly — well endowed, which is what we should expect in the case of a benefice in the patronage of the Bishop. At the date of the ‘“‘ Valor,” 1535, the gross. value of the rectory is stated to be £37 18s. 8d., and that of the vicarage* £11 17s. 8d., together amounting to £49 16s. 4d., or nearly 75 marks,‘ the vicar receiving 18 marks. The income of the rector had thus remained. stationary, while that of the vicar had trebled. Coming to later times, three Wroughton terriers are deposited in the Diocesan Registry at Salisbury. Of these two are almost word — for word the same, the earlier signed by Oliver Brunsell (undated), and the other signed by Thomas Newlin, dated 1678. From these it. appears that the rectory lands amounted to 119 acres, while the vicarage possessed only 124 acres. The other terrier is also signed by Thomas Newlin, dated 1671, and gives information about tithe as well as land, including the fact that on the rectory land was “one old mansion house” and other buildings, also on the vicarage land “‘a mansion house.” The rectory land is here said to amount to 148 acres and the vicarage land ~ to l acre. It is difficult to understand the difference in the amount of the rectory land in the two terriers. The rector’s land was let on the old system of three lives at £50 per annum, the lessee paying all charges on the rectory, including a payment of £45 to the vicar, and was responsible for the repairs of the rectory buildings and chancel. With regard to the tithe, at the time of the “ Valor” no definite division between the rectorial and vicarial tithes seems to have been made, for in each case exactly the same form of return is sent in, but by 1671 the usual arrangement had come about, the vicar having only the small tithes. Jn lieu of tithe a small composition upon some of the farms then belonging to the Eleombe Manor Charterhouse Estate is mentioned and a yearly tithe rent paid to Eton 1 The alien priory of St. Mary de Briaco, or Yvri, of which Minster Lovel was acell. This money cameasa gift of Maud Lovel in time of King John, One entry in the Taxatio gives the sum £2 and another £1. It seems to | have been ¢zthe on particular fields in Elcombe Manor, which, perhaps, | explains its variable value (see Walts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., 414). 2 The value of the monks’ manor at this date was nearly 35 marks. ? Both in Ecton and the “ Liber Regis” this is given as £12, but the reason of this does not appear. ‘The value of the vicarage in Brian Duppa’s time was £30, in Seth Ward’s £70, in Bacon’s (1726) £90, in 1843 (Crockford) £160. 4 The value of the monks’ manor at this date was nearly 48 marks. By Mrs. T. Story. Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 457 | College.! Before theDissolution the monks paid 13s. 4d. (7.e., one mark) per annum in lieu of tithe on their estate, but presumably this had Japsed. The decision in the courts in respect of a suit brought by Mr. Newlin, the vicar, against a Mr. Wildman, tenant of a farm in the parish called “ Leases,” dated 11th Feb. 1680—1, shows that the vicar claimed an annual payment or composition of 40s. per annum, and the court decided in his favour, he having proved “that for above 60 years it had been the custom to make this payment in discharge of all vicarial tithes on the said land.” (Wood’s Tithe Causes I., 209. ‘‘ Hewlin” in error for “‘ Newlin.”) The later history of the tithes in the parish is given in the following extracts from a letter? of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners :—“ The tithes of the tithings of Eleombe, Westlecott, Salthrop and Overtown in the Parish of Wroughton were commuted by an Award dated the 19th October, 1843, at the total sum of £591 14s. 8d., of which £570 was awarded ’to the sinecure rector and his lessee and £21 14s. 8d. to the vicar for the time being. The leasehold interest in the rectorial tithe rent charge of £570 was acquired in 1869 by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners by an exchange with the then _ lessees (Mr. W.W. Codrington’s trustees), subject to the liabilities with which _ they were charged, z.e., responsibility for the upkeep of the chancel and the | payment of a stipend of £45 per annum to the vicar in lieu of which latter, the Commissioners annexed to the Benefice of Wroughton, as from the Ist _ May, 1875, a proportion of the rectorial rent charges amounting as commuted _to £265 17s. 8d.,3 by an Instrument published in the London Gazette on _ the Ist December, 1876. he lands of the manor of Wroughton, which | formerly belonged to the Dean and Chapter of Winchester, and became | vested in the Commissioners, are tithe free. This estate is situate in the | tithing of Wroughton, the tithes of which are commuted for land under the Wroughton Inclosure Act (35th George III., c. 4. a, ), the Award in pursuance of the Act being dated the 25th May, 1795. Allotments of land were made | in lieu of tithes both to the sinecure rector and to the vicar.” The appropriation of the rectory, which came into force on the death of _ the Rev. Richard Pretyman, resulted from “ Act 3 and 4 Vict., cap. 113, under ' which also the advowson of the vicarage at the same time vested in the | Bishop of Winchester. By an Order in Council, published in the London _ Gazette on the 3th June, 1852, provision had previously been made for the ‘The ancient grant to the monks of Ivry, which in 1 Ed. IV. had been | granted to Etou College. By Inclosure Act of 1795 the College received (i.) 10 p. for Modus on Gadbourn Ground, (il.) 9 ac. 1 r. 35 p. for Tithe of Bryan’s Acre, (ii1.) 1 ac. 1 r. 7 p. for Tithe of old Inclosures but sold the land at once, and thus severed their interest in the parish. 2 We have to thank Mr. 8. K. Downing, Sec. of the Eccl. Comm., for the trouble he has taken to supply this and other information. | 3 In consequence of this Mr. Turner, the first vicar to whom this payment | was made, regarded himself as partially a rector! ‘he Commissioners, when _ holding rectorial property, have made a practise of increasing the stipend of an inadequately paid vicar. Mr. Turner, although only instituted vicar | and occuping the vicarage house, thought himself justified in calling himself “rector,” and his house “the rectory.” See “ Crockford.” 458 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. transfer of the patronage (as from the next avoidance of the See of Win- chester) to the Bishop! of Gloucester and Bristol.” On the formation of the separate See of Bristol the patronage passed to the Bishop of Bristol. The sinecure Rectors of Wroughton had for centuries been strangers to the parish, and by the leases which they made of the property endeavoured to throw upon their lessees all charges for which they were liable. This appears clearly in the Terrier of 1671, and also from the lease existing when the property came into the hands of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, con- taining, as it did, a covenant for the repair of the chancel of the Church, &c. “ Tn the year 1869, however, when the Commissioners acquired by exchange the interest of the lessees (Mr. W. W. Codrington’s trustees) in the tithe rent charge included in this lease, they undertook the direct liability for the maintenance of the chancel.” In the years 1880—2 they spent about £550 in providing a new roof, &c., and had previously in 1877 defrayed the cost of some small repairs. The situation of the Church, Vicarage, and Rectorial Manor House, now called Wroughton House, all contiguous, is noteworthy. These, together with the modern boys’ school and the field called “The Ivery,” occupy a portion of the old hill fort of Ellandune, and were enclosed by its vallum, ditches, or fosses, now more or less destroyed but clearly obvious on the west side of the Ivery. The public road runs along the bottom of one of these fosses on the south side of the old fort, whilst on the north side protection was afforded by the deep drop of the ground. A full account of the Church contributed by Mr. C. E. Ponting, late Diocesan Surveyor, will be found in vol. xxxiii of this Magazine. The dedication to St. John Baptist? and St. Helen is re- markable. In Wilts Notes and Querzes, vol. iil., p. 330—3 will be found a suggestion that this latter dedication mayjhave something to do with the old name, “‘ Elyndon,” for the parish. We have already noted that in the Terriers of 1671 the rectorial property is let by lease ‘‘as of ancient custom on three lives” by the rector of that date, Dr. Newlin. The name of the lessee is not mentioned, but in the time of his successor, Francis Morley, the lessee was a certain Richard Franklin. (Notitix Hyisc. Sar., pt. ii., fo. 18, by Seth Ward). The family of Franklin probably held the lease long before this? and continued to do so to the end of the next century. In Faden’s Map of Wilts, Ist ed., 1773, Mrs. Franklin’s name appears as residing at the rectory house. The Franklin family was of some standing. One of them was M.P. for Marlborough at the time of the Commonwealth, and in the 17th century they occupied Fasterne. There are in the floor of the chancel four memorial slabs of members of this family,’ the earliest that of Richard Franklin, who + Wroughton, formerly in Diocese of Sarum, was in 1826 transferred to Diocese of Gloucester and Bristol. | 2 The village feast day is St. John Baptist Day, and this seems to show that this dedication is the old one. Feast day of St. Helen, 18th August. 3 There is in P.C.C. a will of Thomas Francklin, of Wroughton, pr. 1600 (23 Wallopp). ‘ Information kindly supplied by Mr. Clark Kennedy. By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 459 died 30th Jan., 1660—1, and the second another Richard Franklin, who died 29th Aug., 1672. The Richard Franklin, lessee of Francis Morley, was a magistrate, witnessing deeds in connection with Chiseldon Vicarage, 1705 and 1733, and one of the commissioners for the enclosure of commons in Purton in 1738. His burial is recorded in the Wroughton registers 25th Dec., 1744. There are many other Franklin entries in the registers, in particular the burial of “Mrs. Elizabeth Franklin, 3rd Oct., 1781.” No doubt the death of this lady led to the lease passing to a family hitherto not residing in the parish. For soon after this date Mr. W. Codrington ! bought the lease and with his wife, Mary, came to reside at the parsonage which they “improved at a very considerable expense.” (Wilts Arch. Mag. xli., p. 186. Rural Dean’s book.) He having died in 1803 the lease was renewed by his widow and trustees, and again by Mrs. Mary Codrington from the then rector, Richard Pretyman, in 1836. The Codringtons remained lessees under the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and finally bought the whole property. At the vicarage from 1779 to 1782 lived the vicar, Rev. Francis Porter, with his family, one of whose daughters, Anne Porter, writing long after- wards, describes the pleasant walks she used to take with her father when they lived there, to visit their friendly neighbours, the Calleys, at Burderop, and Codringtons, at Overtown.? In 1812, when the Rural Dean’s book, already mentioned, was written, a curate was living at the vicarage, having been appointed by Mr. Merest, the non-resident vicar, who kept a school at Diss, in Norfolk. The curate, Mr. Price, is described as “ an opulent and beneficial clergyman, who with a large family lives in the vicarage, which he keeps very neat.” Later on the Rev. T.S. Codrington, one of Mrs. Mary Codrington’s sons, resided at the vicarage, where he brought up a family of four sons, one is the present Canon of Chichester, who has supplied much of the information with regard to early rectors in this paper, and another the author of ‘Roman Roads in Britain,’ whose interesting account of what Wroughton Church was like before its restoration in 1852 is embodied in Mr. Ponting’s account of the Church, printed in vol. xxxviii. of this Magazine, pp. 415—25. A great yew hedge of unknown age protects the garden of the vicarage from the road and from the east wind. The ' boundary wall also attracts attention, supporting the ground on the south side of the garden from the road below, measuring many feet in depth. The date 1727 on a stone Jet into the wall of the vicarage suggests that the house was then rebuilt. A few remarks may be made upon the Chapel or Chantry of St. Mary, at Elcombe, to serve in which clergy were instituted during the 14th and 15th centuries, the patronage being in the Lovel family. This chapel was built by the second or third Lord Lovel. Nothing remains to determine its site, but some irregularities in a field 1 Mrs. Oliver Calley (néeCodrington), who lived at Overtown, Wroughton, when left a widow in 1774, induced her nephew, William Codrington, to come into Wiltshire from Gloucestershire. 2 Miss A. Porter, on her father’s death, went to live at Redlynch, where she was governess to Lord Ilchester’s six children for thirteen years. 460 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. in Elcombe probably indicate the position it formerly occupied. The stones are said to have been used in building the boys’ school, near the Church, erected by voluntary subscription in 1867, and the font is preserved in the Church. No doubt this chapel was more or less of the nature of a domestic chapel, erected by Lord Lovel largely for his own convenience when resident. in the parish, and supported by him, falling into desuetude when the family took less interest in this part of their property. There can have been hardly any need for it from a parochial point of view. Noallusion is made to it in the list of Chantriesand Chapels existingat the timeof the Dissolution, so it evidently had no permanent endowment. It only remains to add that the sale of the whole of the Eleombe Manor Charterhouse estate to the Wilts County Council for the purpose of establishing small holdings for ex-soldiers has been the occasion of great. changes in the three parishes of Wroughton, Lydiard Tregoze, and Broad Hinton, also of much regret on the part of old tenants who were unable to purchase their holdings. The Charterhouse estate comprised the fol- lowing farms :—Elcombe, Chilton, East Blagrove, West and North Blagrove, — Toothill, Whitehill, South Leaze, Mannington (originally spelt Mayhenden), Costow and Uffcott, as shewn on the 1805 Charterhouse Map. Salthrop, which originally formed part of their estate, was exchanged for Costow by Act of Parliament in 1739. The manor of Elcombe, which for more than — two hundred years belonged to the Lovels of Ivry, was on the attainder of the last Lord Lovel confiscated to the Crown, granted by Henry VIII. in 1515 to Sir Wm. Compton, and sold by his grandson to Thomas Sutton, ~ the founder of the Charterhouse, in London (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., ~ 410—13; Walts Notes & Queries, iv., 37—41). : List of Rectors of Elyndon als, Wroughton. 1250 Peter de Abusun. 12Dec. Presentation made by the King owing to voidance of Bishopric 7 of Winchester (Cal. Pat. Rolls. p. 82; Pat. 35 Hen. III. m. 13). 7 He was the King’s kinsman, and held various benefices, eg., ~ Llanbadarn Vaur; Hampton; St. Peter, Northampton ; Necton ; Droxford. In Pat. 1255 he is said to have lately taken the habit of religion of the monks of Durham. va ar Ilger. 1260 John de Wyham. Presentation made by the King, on the death of Ilger, late Rector, by reason of voidance of See of Winchester. He was one of the King’s chaplains (Cal. Pat. Rolls p. 95; Pat 44 Hen. III. pt. I. m. 38), . 1281 Soloman de Roffa. 23 May __ Presentation made by the King owing to voidance of the See of Winchester (Cal. Pat. Rolls, p. 440; Pat. 9 Edw. I., m. 17). 1282 Nicholaus de Pechano. Presentation made by John de Pontissara, Bishop of Winchester. He, a deacon, described as ‘‘ Dominus” (Reg Pontissara, fol. I. a). By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 461 - 1303 Robert de Harewedon. | 20 Sept. 24 Dec. 30 Sep. 11 Apr. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester, described as ‘““presbetyr’”” (Reg. Pont., fol. 40.a). He was one of the King’s justices (see W.A.M., xxiv., p. 107) and a clerk who served as attorney for the Bishop of Winchester when he travelled abroad on king’s service (Pat. 1303), also keeper of the Bishopric (Pat. 1305). At one time by licence of the Bishop & without dispensation he held rectories of Stokebrueri, diocese of Lincoln, also of Wotton, in diocese of Sarum, and on resigning the last two, that of Elyndon, in same diocese, which he resigned and - accepted that of Dinton z.e. Downton (Cal. Papal Reg. 11., p. 10, 1306). Presented to Wootton -Bassett, Wilts, by Lord Hugh le Despencer, 1302 (Reg. of Simon of Ghent, p. 81); presented by Bishop of Winch. to rectory of Downton, Wilts, 1304, where he remained apparently until 1318 (Walts /nst.). 1304 Theobald de Threngden. Presentation made by the King by reason of voidance of See of Winchester on resignation of Kobert de Harwedon. 1316 Richard de Lustehulle. Presentation made by the King by reason of voidance of See of Winchester (Pat. 10, Ed. II. pt.i.m. 14; Cal. Pat. Rolls, p. 550) on death of last rector (Wilts Inst.). He wasasub-deacon,instituted and inducted 29th Nov. (Reg. of Sandale, p.266). Ordained deacon 28th May, 1317, and priest 24th Sept., 1317 (Reg. John de Sandale, p. 183—5). On 2ist Feb., 1346—7, he was collated by Bishop Edyndon to the mastership of St. Cross Hospital (Ep. Reg. Edington, f. 23). In 1322 protection for one year granted to him (uatwlon Mid wevpty isan 13. Cale ps lO). im 13823 CWalts Unset) Nicholaus de Lyons is entered as Rector through an exchange with Richarde de Lusthulle but this exchange does not seem to have been carried out, for both in 1324 and 1325 the latter appoints the Vicar and remains Rector until his death in 1349. 1349 John de Wolvelegh. Presumably the John de Wolvesey, Prebendary of Netheravon (Sarum) 1352—and of Netherbury 1376 (Fust. Hccl. Sar., 404). Presentation made 11th Apr. by the Bishop of Winchester (Ep. Reg. Edington, fol. xliv. 6) 11th Apr. and institution recorded (Wilts Inst.). But in Calendar of Papal Registers, pp. 152, 184 May 1349, appears a “ petition of Roger Holm for the church of Elvydon (szc) void by death of Richard Lustehall notwithstanding that he has canonries & prebends in Lincoln, London, and the nuns’ monastery of St. Mary’s, Winchester, and expects a benefice in the gift of the abbots’ convent of Ramesey.” This was granted by the Pope, and also a similar petition in Nov. for the Church of Undele (z.e. Oundle) void by the resignation of James de Beauford, he resigning the Church of Elingdon. 462 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. 1349 Roger Holm. See above. He held some time prebend of Chisenbury, Sarum, resigning in 1384 (Fast. Eccl. Sar.). 1349 Thomas de Beauford. 8 Oct. Presentation made 4th Oct. by the Bishop of Winchester (Ep. Reg. Edington, fol. lvii.) on death of Richard de Lusthulle. He was a priest. Rector of Steple Lavington, 1347—54. Again be- comes rector of Elyngdon in 1354. | 1349—50 James de Beauford. 7 Feb. Presentation made 7th Feb. by the Bishop of Winchester (Ep. Reg. Ed., fol. lx. 6) on resignation of Thomas de Beauford (Wilts Inst.). He was styled “dominus.” Petition to the Pope for Church of Elindon, void by the resignation of Roger Holm, granted Nov., 1349 (Cal. Papal Reg.). Rector of Oundle, 1346—9, resigning on exchange with Roger Holm for rectory of Elingdon (North. Gf Oak- ham Arch. Soc. Mag.). A papal letter to him, 1349—provision of — the Church of Elyndon, void by resignation of Roger Holm, not- withstanding that he has canonries and prebends of Lincoln and © Wells ; also another in 1351—a dispensation to hold an additional ~ benefice (Cal. Pap. Reg., pp.£317, 396). He was Rector of Steple — Lavington 1342—7 (Wilts Inst.); prebend of Stratton in Salis- bury Cathedral 1347, but resigned same year; prebend of Sher- © borne in same on presentation of the King, 1354 to 1661 (Fast. Eecl. Sarum, pp. 417, 421). 1354 Thomas de Beauford. On resignation of James de Beauford (Wilts Zmst.). Presenta- — tion made by the Bishop of Winchester. 1357 WNicholas de Kaerwent. He was one of the King’s clerks, His appointment by the Bishop of Winchester ratified (Pat. 31 Edw. III., pt. i1., m. 5. Cal. p. 601). 1361 Thomas Yonge. | 9 Sept. Presentation made 9 Sept. by the Bishop of Winchester on dimission of Nicholas de Kaerwent. He was a “ clericus.” 1361 John Blaunchard. | SO Cty Presentation made 3 Oct. by the Bishop of Winchester on dimission & resignation of Thomas Yonge “ magister.” He was styled ‘‘magister dominus” and doctor of law. Becomes Arch- deacon of Worcester by exchange in 13871. Instituted to Tholveston Chapel 1346—52 ? (Welts Inst.). 1371 Simon Clement. . 27 Apr. He, Archdeacon of Worcester, becomes Rector through an ex- change with John Blaunchard ; presentation dated 27 Ap. (Hp. Reg. Wykeham, vol. i. p. 38). 1379 John de Gurmonchestre. —80 He was rector of mediety of Church of Malpas, dio. Coventry, 1 Mar. Lichfield, presentation dated 1 Mar. on exchange with Simon By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 463 Clement (Ep. Reg. Wykeham, vol.i., p.106). Presumably prebend of North Alton in Sarum Cath., 1340—1388, under name **Gornechester ” (Fast. Eccl. Sar. 352). 1387 Thomas Lavington. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of Jobn de Gormonchestre, Succentor of Sarum Cath., 1350 (fast. Eccl. Sar., 443). Sir Thomas Lavington collated to a Prebend (St. Probus) in Exeter Cath., 1394 (Ep. Reg. Brantyngham, 134). | 1388 John Mason als Spicer. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on an exchange with Thomas Lavington. 1389 John Ware. | Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester in place of John | Mason (Wilts Inst.). Ratification of John Ware as parson of Elyngdon (Cal. p. 115). His name occurs in list of indults to per- sons at hour of death of remission of sins by confessor, July 1398, and to celebrate mass before daybreak, Aug. 1398 (Cal. Papal. Reg. v. p. 130, 150). In Sept. same year, indult to him, a bachelor of canon law and priest, to study civil law for 5 years in a university, notwithstanding his holding Elyndon or any other benefices with cure (Ibid. p. 176). In 1399 the Pope issued a mandate to the official of London to make provision for him if found fit after ex- amination, of a canonry of Salisbury, of Chichester anda of London, with reservation, if found fit after the usual examination in Latin, of prebends, and of a dignity with or without cure in one of the said Churches. If not found able to sing Latin well, he is to have reservation of the prebends and of an office without cure only. The necessary dispensation to be valid for 10 years (Cal. Pap. Reg. vy. 184). It is interesting to observe the following entry under date 1398 :—'‘ Relaxation of 5 years and 5 quadragene of enjoined penance to penitents who on the feasts of St. Helen, St. Michael and the dedication visit and give alms to the parish church of Elyndon in dioc. of Sarum ” (Ibid. p. 173). Grant of a prebend in the King’s free Chapel of St. Stephen’s within the palace of Westminster, on exchange of benefices with Robert Burgeys (Cal. Pat. Roll, 13 Nov., 1405). Will (P.C.C. 19 Marche) dated 8 March 1390—1, rendered invalid by later will (P.C.C. 20 Marche) “canon of King’s free Chapel of St. Stephen within the palace of West- minster ” proved 20th Sept., 1409. 1405 Robert Burgeys. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester in place of John . Ware (Wilts Inst.) ; ratification (Cal. Pat. Roll, 13 March, 1405—6) ; by exchange, see above. 1397, 6 Sept., Robert Burgeys, priest, presented by John, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, to the prebend void by death of John of Dalton (Lede. Arch. Proceedings 1916, “ Hist. of Hosp. and New Coll. of the Newarke, Leic.”). | 464 1408 1409 1416 1434 1446 1448 1472 1491 1493 1496 Notes upon the Heclesiastical History of Wroughton. Thomas Guldefeld. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester in place of Robert Burgeys (Walts Inst.). John Giles. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester in place of © Thomas Guldesfeld (Wilts Jnst.). Ratification of Master John Giles as parson of Church of Elyndon (Cal. p. 2.). Confirmation of Papal dispensation to him to hold benefices and to be promoted despite his illegitimacy, dated 1414 (Cal. Pap. Reg. vi. p. 512). William Thame. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester. William Pentriche. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester in place of William Thame. John Stradlyng. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of © William Pentriche. Became Archdeacon of Llandatt by exchange ~ in 1448. Robert Cole. He, formerly Archdeacon of Llandaff, becomes Rector by ex- change. David Husbond. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of — Richard Cole. Adrian de Bard. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of ~ David Husbond (Wilts Jnst.) Presentation of Master Adrian de Bard 28th Aug. (Ep. Reg. Courtenay f. xliv. 6). A Florentine. He ~ had a prebend at Lincoln (Le Neve 11.221). Prebendary of Rams- 7 bury in Cath. of Sarum, 1481—1493, and Vicar of Hurstbourne in same 1493 until death 1519. Rector of St. Peter’s, Marlborough, 14838—1486 (Fast. Keel. Sar. p. 396). Randolph Hethcote. ; Presentation made by Bishop of Salisbury owing to voidence of | See of Winchester (Wilts Inst.). He was Rector of St. Peter's | Marlborough 1481—3, held the Prebend of Faringdon, in Cath. of © Salisbury circa 1419, became Prebendary of Hurstbourne 1492, which he resigned for Ramsbury 1493—1501 (Fast. Hccl.Sar., p.366), Edmund Chaderton [Chatterton]. | Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on resignation of | Ralph Hethcote Prebendary of Lincoln 1473—99, St. Paul’s, 1484 | —99, and of Southwell 1488—89; Archd. of Totnes 1491—99; | buried in St. Stephen’s College, Westminster, where he was a | Canon; Prebendary of Stratton (Sarum) 1480—99; Archd. of | Sarum 1483 until his death, 1499 (Fast. Hcl. Sar., 162). by Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 465 [1499] Christopher Bainbridge. Probably became rector on death of Edmund Chatterton, but there is a hiatus at that date in the EHpisc. Reg. Held Prebend of Grantham (Sarum) cerca 1471 to 1486, of Chardstock (Sarum) 1486 to 1489 and of Horton (Sarum) 1486 to 1508. Made Archb. of York 1508 and Cardinal 1511. A north country man, educated at @ueen’s Coll., Oxford, and later Provost, Dean of York 1496, and of Windsor 1505, Master of the Rolls 1505, a favourite with Henry VIII., poisoned at Rome, where he died 14th July, 1514, buried in the English College in Rome (Wood’s Ath. Ox., I., 651 ; D.N.B.) 1506 Richard Gardiner. Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on resignation of Christopher Bainbridge. He was Prebendary of Stafford (Sarum) 1507, and resigned this for Torleton (Sarum) 1518, but died later | in same year (Mast. Heel. Sar., 425). 1519 John Foxe. | Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on death of Rich. | Gardiner. Prebendary of Ruscomb (Sarum) 1519 until death, 1530. Archdeacon of Winchester 1519 (Fast. Hecl. Sar., 414; Ath. Ox ,1., 33). Of Corpus Christi Coll., Ox., 1523, from London B. Can. L. & B.C.L., 1523. Canon of Lincoln 1526. (1530 Anthony Barker. | Presentation made by Thomas, Archb. of York and Bishop of Winchester on death of John Foxe. He was Fellow of C. C. Coll., Ox. 1519, Canon of Lincoln 1540 and of Windsor 1541. Release to him ‘‘now prebend in said Cathedral (z.e., Winchester), of firstfruits and tenths due” May, 1541 (Letters For. & Dom., 83 Hen. VITI,, p. 417). Died about Nov., 1551. | 1551 Edward Gascoyn. | | Presentation made by John, Bishop of Winchester, on death of Anthony Barker and institution recorded but seems to have been invalid. 1551 Richard Martindale. i Presentation made by ‘“ W™. Medowe, cler., Tho’. Neve, gen., Amb. Barter, cives & mercer civitatis Lond. ex conc. Steph. Episc. de Winton.” Stephen Gardiner was Bishop of Winchester from 1531 to 1551, when he was deprived. There was evidently some dispute as to his right to present but in the end it was allowed. Rich. Martindale was a pensioner of King’s Coll., Camb., 1546. Apparently deprived 1559. See below. 1560 Griffith Williams. | Instituted at this date, no mention of patron or reason of vacancy (Wilts Inst.), but from Archbishop Parker’s Reg. (Camb. and York Soc. publics.), under date 14th Jan, 1559—1600, it appears that the presentation was made by the Queen, on deprivation of his 466 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. predecessor. He was Fellow of New Coll., Oxf., 1544, Vicar of Shoreditch, London, 1543, &. Chancellor of Worcester 1554—7, Canon of Hereford and of Worcester, both in 1567 until death, 1573. 1573 John Watson. Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on death of Griffith Williams. He was Fellow of All Souls, Ox., 1540, Rector of Kelshall, Herts, 1544—78, Canon of Winchester 1551, Archd. of Surrey 1549, &c., Dean 3570, and Bishop of Winchester 1580 until his death, 23rd Jan., 1583—4, buried in the Cathedral (Foster, &c.). A great pluralist (D. N. B.). 1575 George Ackworth. Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on resignation of John Watson. He was Fellow of Peterhouse, Camb., M.A. 1555, Public Orator 1559, L.L.D. 1563, M.P. for Hindon, about 1570, became a member of Archb. Parker’s household and assisted him in literary work ; for irregularity of conduct lost his preferments, but in 1577 was made Master of Faculties and Judge of Prerogative Court, Dublin (D. N. B.) 1580 Anthony Pepper. Presentation made by Queen Eliz., the See of Worcester being — vacant through death of Bishop John Fox, He was M.A. of Trin. | Coll., Camb., 1575. No mention made of cause of vacancy. Hiatus in Epise. Reg., 1584—8, also 1597—8. 1596 Philip Bisse. Presentation of Philip Bisse, B.A. (sec) to Elingdon Parsonage, diocese of Sarum (Cal. of State Papers, Dom., Hliz., 13 Dec.) ; no entry of institution in Phillipps. Fellow of Brasenose Coll., © 1561, also of Magdalen Col., D.D. 1580, incorp. at Camb. 1581 as son of Richard, of Stokeland (Som.), Rector of Batcombe, 1564. Vicar of Wiveliscombe, Sub-Dean and Canon of Wells 1571, Archd. © of Taunton 1854 until death, 28th Oct., 1613, buried at Batcombe | (Foster Alum. Ox.). James Biss, of Batcombe, obtained a grant | of arms in 1591 (Harl. MSS., 1422). 1610 Thomas Bisse. | Presented by Nich. Longford, ex conc. of Bishop of Winchester, — on resignation of Philip Bisse. He was of All Souls Coll. Ox., } M.A. 1599, incorp. at Camb. 1607, Canon of Wells 1609, Rector of © Weston-super-Mare 1612, and Vicar of Weare (Som.) 1627, Preb. of Bristol 1613 until his death in 1632 (Foster). A second in- stitution on the presentation of the King is recorded 1622. 1632 Walter Raleigh. Presentation made by the King on death of Thomas Bisse, He was son of Sir Carew Raleigh, of Downton, Wilts, and nephew of the celebrated Sir Walter Raleigh. Educated at Winchester and Magdalen Coll., Ox., D.D. 1636. Chaplain to Earl of Pembroke, By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 467 Rector of Chedsey (Som.), 1620, &. Dean of Wells 1641. Onthe outbreak of the Civil War he was exposed to much persecution because of his loyalty to King Charles. ‘Taken prisoner at Bridgwater, 21st July, 1645, he was removed to his house in Wells, and placed in the custody of a shoemaker who illtreated him and in some dispute wounded him with a sword, which caused his death 16th Oct., 1646. He was buried in the choir of Wells Cath. (Ath. Ox., 11,96; W.N. & Q.,iv., 374; Walker's Sufferings, &c.; D.N.B.) 1646 Thomas Stubbs. (lIntruded.) The rectory being sequestered from Dr. Rawleigh for delinquency it was granted to Thomas Stubbs, Vicar, who was ordered to have the whole profits, discharge all duties, and preach diligently (Add MS., 15670, p. 151). On 10th Aug., 1658, Mr. Stubbs was repri- manded by Wm. Blissett, Chairman of the Commissioners for ejecting “ scandalous ministers,” for brawling and quarrelling with his neighbours, and reviling professors of godliness (W. A. Soe. original deeds). Mr. Stubbs was, of course, not allowed to hold the rectory at the Restoration, but remained Vicar. 1660 Robert Newlin. No name of patron given in the Episc. Reg. He was of C.C. Coll. Ox., Fellow 1622, D.D. 1640, President 1640, but ejected by the Parl. Visitors 1648. Rector of Ham 1643. This rectory was sequestered from him for his delinquency 2nd May, 1646 (Add. MS. 15670), and he was reported by the Committee of Wilts to Committee for Compounding as a delinquent minister, but he regained it and the presidency of his college at the Restoration, and held both these posts until his death, 5th March, 1687—8, at the age of 90; buried in College Chapel (Walker’s Sufferings, &c.). 1679 Francis Morley. 1/14 Nov. Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester on resignation of Robert Newlin. He was probably grandson of the Bishop, George Morley; of Christ Church Coll., Oxf., M.A. 1680, D.D. 1690. Rector of Meon Stokes (Hants), 1681, Canon of Winchester 1684— 96; Rector of Walthams Bishop, Hants 1684. When presenting to the vicarage in 1682, he claimed the title of “ Prebend of Elingdon als. Wroughton in Kcclesia 8. Swithini de Winton” (Welts Jnst.) 1696 Edward Jones. | Presentation made by Bishop of Winchester, cause of vacancy not mentioned, but presumably owing to death of Francis Morley. He was in 1716 described as Preb. of Windsor. Probably Fellow of Emmanuel Coll., Camb., M.A. 1678 (incorp. Ox., 1682), D.D. 1720; donor of communion plate to the Church 1719. 71736 John Hoadly. | Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of Edward Jones. Youngest son of the Bishop, Samuel Hoadly, | who appointed him Chancellor of Winchester 1735. Educated at WVOL. XLI.—NO, CXXXVI. DEK i | Se 468 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. Corpus Christi Coll., Camb., L.L.D. 1748, Rector of St. Mary’s, Southampton, 1743, &. A poet and dramatist. Died 1776, eet. 64. A notorious son of a notorious father (D. N. B.). 1743. John Conant. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on resignation of John Hoadley. He was of Pembroke Coll., Ox., M.A. 1730, Rector of Hastinleigh and Vicar of Elmstead (Kent), Preb. of Bangor. 1779 Edmund Ferrers. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester on death of John Conant. He was son of Edmund, bar-at-law, Inner Temple | 1750, arm., of Christ Church, Oxf., M.A. 1774, Rector of Cheriton (Hants) 1780, Chap. in Ord. to the King 1793, died 24th July, 1825 | (Foster), In 1807 he granted a lease of Wroughton Rectory to | Mary Codrington, (widow, Sir Isaac Pocock, Kt., and the Rev. | John Prower, exors. of the will of Wm. Codrington, Esq., dee., at — the yearly rent of £50 and £45 for the vicar. 1825 Richard Pretyman. 1 Nov. The last of the clerical rectors, youngest son of Bishop George © Pretyman Tomlin of Winchester, the well-known tutor of Pitt, to whom he owed his preferment. (D. N. B.). He was of Trinity Coll., Camb., M.A. 1817. Canon Residentiary and Precentor of | Lincoln 1817, Vicar of Hambledon (Rutland) 1817, Rector of Walgrave (Northants.) 1817, and of Middleton Stoney (Oxon) 1819. He died on 25th March, 1866, and the rectory then passed into the hands of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. | SS sk. = ee NK ee Vicars of Elyndon als. Wroughton. 1316 Wm. de Leycester. Presentation made by “Dominus,” no doubt the Bishop of | Salisbury, owing to voidance of See of Winchester, the rector | being dead and the vicarage also void through death of last vicar. | 1324 Ric. Lambert. | Presentation made by the rector, Ric. de Luteshulle, on resig- | nation of Wm. de Leycester. 3 | 1325 John de Gravele. Presentation made by the rector, Ric. de Luteshulle, on death | of previous vicar. He was instituted Rector of Greenford Parva } als. Perivale, Co. Middx, on exchange from vicarage of Elyndon, | March, 13386—7 (Newcourt’s Repertorium). Letter to Archd. of | Middx. for his induction (Reg. of Bish. Gravesind, fo. 100). Hiatus in Episc. Reg. from 1354 to 1361. 1387 1389 1405 | 1418 | 1428 ) 1438 1439 ‘| 1449 By Mrs, 1, Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 469 John Hayles. Instituted Rector of Tockenham 1361 John de Baa als. Ewelm. Presentation made by the rector, John Blanchard, on resignation of John Hayles. Vicar of Bradele, 1349—1361. ? Walter Persoun. Presentation made by the rector, John de Gurmonchester. John Brydport. Presentation made by the Bishop of Winchester, presumably in vacancy of the rectory, before his appointmentiof John Ware. He was appointed in place of Wm. (sc) Persoun (Wilts Jnst.). In 1405 he exchanges with Nicholas Burgh, Vicar of Preschutte, where he remains until 1409. Nich. Burgh, or Borough. Becomes vicar by exchange. He was Vicar of Preschutt 1403—5 ; in 1418 exchanges with Richard Bukke, Vicar of Sherston, and apparently remains there until 1425. Richard Bukke. Becomes vicar by exchange. Date of his appointment as Vicar of Sherston not recorded. In 1428 exchanges with John Scoriar, Vicar of Wootton Bassett, and remains there until 1432. John Scoriar. Becomes vicar by exchange. He was Vicar of Wootton Bassett (1422—8),. John Trent. Presentation made by the rector, Wm. Pentrich, on death of John Scoriar. John Honylond. Presentation made by the rector, Wm. Pentriche, in place of John Trent 26th Jan., 1444. Pardon to John Honythorne als Honylane, Rector of Hornblowton, Co. Som, als. John Honylond of Elyndon, Co. Wilts, chaplain, of the King’s suit, against him for having assaulted John Browne, &c., 17 Hen. VI., at Hornblowton, Co. Som., and taken 3s. 4d. of sd. John and for having broken the parish Church of Elyndon, on Thursday after St. Leonard the Abbot, 19 Hen. VI., and taken a book called “ portifor,” worth 40s., a towel belonging to an altar there, worth 3s., a linen vest called ‘‘ corporax,” in which to place the body of Christ, worth 2s., two wax candles, worth 6d., a cushion (plumale) belonging to the Lord’s sepulchre there, worth 3s. 4d.,of the goods of the parishioners in the keeping of Thomas Wylkys & Richard Browne, proctors of the Church, — and of any consequent outlawry (Pat. 22 Hen. VL, pt. it, m.19. Cal. p. 264.) John Benger. Presentation made by the rector, Robert Cole, on resignation of John Honylond. A TR 470 Notes wpon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. 1491 Matthew Foxe. Presentation made by the Bishop (of Salisbury) per laps. on — death of John Benger. ; Hiatus in Episc. Reg., 1499—1502. 1535 George Banks. He makes he return as vicar at this date which appears in the ~ Valor Hecl., i., 128, of the value of the vicarage. His name is not © given 1n ine Wilts Inst. 1545 Richard Hocle. 24th Dee Compounded for the firstfruits as Vicar of Elyndon at this date. His name is not given in the Walts Inst. 1545’ James Hall. | Presentation made by the rector, Anthony Barker, on death of | last vicar (Wilts Inst.) Will 1570, (P. C. C.) 39 Lygon, confirmed © by sentence 32 Holney. He is described as rector also of Stanton | Fitzherbert and is to be buried in Church at Wroughton. ¢ 1570 John Angell. Presentation made by the-rector, Griffith Williams, on death of © James Hall. He was scholar of C. C. Coll., Oxf., 1554, M.A. and B.D. 1572, Prec. of Gloucester, 1571, died 1577. 1577 John Pettie. Name of patron not entered in Welts Znst., nor cause of vacancy. | He was Fellow of C. C. Coll, Oxf., and B.A 1564, Rector of Lydiard — Tregoze (1576—1612). 1612 Oliver Brunsell. | Presentation made by the rector, Thos. Bisse, on death of John | Pettie. He was of Ball. Coll., Oxf., B.A. 1603. He died in June, | 1641. At his funeral a lgndatony sermon was preached on him byl Tobias Crispe, Rector of Brinkworth (Crispe’s Works, vol. ii., p. i 403—11. ‘This burning light whom Christ set upon this hill and — who now hath wasted himself in giving light to you.” His will : proved at Sarum 24th Nov., 1642. For some particulars of hi family see Aubrey’s Wilts Con p. 370, note. 1641 Thomas Stubbs. ° | Date of institution 20th Nov. in Book of Insts., P. R. O., but no patron entered. He was of Hart Hall, Oxf., M.A., 1630. During | the Commonwealth held position of rector. See details in list of 9 rectors. Buried at Wroughton 24th April, 1666. ! 1666. Thomas Newlin. | Presentation made by the rector, Robert Newlin, on death of | Thomas Stubbs. He was of C. C, Coll., Oxf., M.A. 1635. Rector | of Bix, Oxon, 1641. oe) ere 1 This must be before 25th March, 1546, according to modern style, ‘The } years given in Welts Jnst. until 1754 commence on 25th March. | - Heian a By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley, 471 1682 John Lloyd. 29nd May Presented by the rector, Francis Morley, on death of Thomas Newlin. 1682—3 John Brackley.'! 8th March Presented by the rector, Francis Morley, on death of John Lloyd, perhaps the “John Brackley, of hursley, Co. Southampton, clerk, bachelor, zt. 27, who obtains a license to marry Sarah Stillwell, of same, spinster, zt. 21, at same, 19th Dec, 1671” (Chester’s London Marr. Lic.). Will proved in Con. Court of | Sarum 11th Sept., 1716. (1716 Thomas Saddler. Presented by the rector, Edward Jones, on death of John Brackley. He was son of Robert of Elcombe, gent. M.A. 1712, Fellow of Wadham Coll., Oxf., 1714. Vicar of Hockaye (Norfolk) 1712—14; held also the rectory of Mongewell (Oxf.) from 1750 to death. Chaplain to Lady Vicountess Dowager Balmerino (Gent. Mag.). Many monuments to the Sadler family are in the Church. In his time the vicarage was re-built, as shewn by a stone dated 1727 still in the wall. Buried at Wroughton, 9th May, 1755 (M.1.). Bapt. there, 8th Oct., 1685, 1755 John Descrambes or D’Scrambes. Presented by the rector, John Conant, on death of Thomas Sadler. He was of Magdalen Coll., Oxf., M.A. 1755 ; buried at Wroughton, 22nd July, 1777. 1778 Francis Porter. | | Presentation made by the Bishop [of Salisbury] per laps, on death of John Descrambes. Buried at Wroughton, 28th March, 1782. In burial entry described as “‘ Rev. Dr. Porter.” 1782 John Bromfield Ferrers. Presentation made by the rector, Edmund Ferrers, on death of Francis Porter. He was of Ch. Ch., Oxf., matr. 1777, and M.A. of St. John’s, Camb., 1808. Rector of Beddington (Surrey) until his death, 6th June, 1841. 1788 James Merest. : Presentation made by the rector, Edmund Ferrers, on cession of J. B. Ferrers. A second institution entered in 1796 on cession of himself. He was of Oriel Coll.. Oxf., matr. 1775, zt. 23. Curate of Wortham (Suffolk) for nearly fifty. years, Rector of Brandon Ferry, and Wangford (Suffolk), died 31st March, 1827. In 1812 reported by the Rural Dean as keeping a school at Diss (Norfolk). : 1 Tn the Liber Inst. (P.R.O.) on 8 Mar. 1682—3, Rich. Vaughan is entered Funder Wroughton as presented to the vicarage by the King. A similar ‘entry appears under Shrivenham. From Seth Ward’s Wot. Hpis. Sarum, hnd also from Wilts Just. it appears that the entry in Liber Inst. as to roughton is an error. We have to thank Mr. John Sadler for this and pther information. 472 Notes upon the Eeclesiastical History of Wroughton. 1827 Thomas Stretton Codrington. j 25 May. Presentation made by the rector, Rich. pine on death of James Merest. He was son of Wm. of Wroughton, M.A. from | Brasenose Coll., Oxf., 1824. Buriedat Wroughton, 12th Dec., 1839. 1840 Henry Wm. Maure Light. ' 10 June ‘Presentation made presumably by the rector, Rich. Pretyman, on death of T. 8. Codrington. He was of University Coll., Ox., B.A., 1832, Vicar of Bramshaw, Hants, 1835—40, buried at | Wroughton, 2nd April, 1875. E 1875 John Richard Turner. ea Presentation made by Bishop of Glouc. & Bristol on death of | H. W. M. Light. He was of St. Peter’s Coll., Camb: M.A. 1850. | Vicar of Coaley, Glouc., 1869—75. Buried at Wroughton, 13 7 Feb., 1908 eet. 83. 1908 Richard James Keble. 26 June Presentation made by Bishop of Bristol on death of J. R. 7 Turner. He was of Sarum Coll., 1893. Ordained priest 1897, held — various curacies in Bristol and elsewhere. Resigned April1911. — 1911 Archibald Charles Clark-Kennedy,. 28 Apr. Presentation made by Bishop of Bristol on resignation of R. J. Keble. He of Selwyn Coll., Camb., M.A. Curates. 1674. John Goldenham. | Sept. 8. Licensed curate by Seth Ward, Bishop of Salisbury (Not. Epis. © Sar. pt. ii. fo. 18). He perhaps the John Goldenham, of Westbury, ~ co. Glouc., cler., whose son Nathaniel matr. at Merton Coll, Ox., 1679—80. *1805—13. Aubrey Charles Price. “An opulent and beneficial clergyman who with a wife and large family resides in the Vicarage House which he keeps very | neat” (R.D. report, W.A.M., vol. xli., 136). A vicar of these names © at Colerne,1816. He perhaps son of Aubrey Price, of Abbots Stoke, ~ Dorset, cler., of New Coll. matr. 1778, zt 18, and later of Broad Windsor, Dorset, cler. ; two sons born at Wroughton, John and | Rice, were fellows of New Coll., Oxon; perhaps also father of — Aubrey Charles Price, fellow of N ew Call. Oxf., 1806, and rector of Chesterton, Oxf., 1826. es *1813—15. John Yates. 2) M.A. New Coll.. Ox., 1807. Vicar of Milton, Kent, 1806. P. C. 4 of Lyneham, 1815, to death, 26 Sept., 1826. *1815—22. William Henry Edmeads. | Merton Coll., Ox., M.A. 1830, rector (and patron) of Nursteed, | (Kent), 1827, and of Ifield, (Kent), 1827, until death 13th June, 1886, et 82. 1" By Mrs. T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 473 *1823—27. Thomas Stretton Codrington—see list of rectors. 1864—75, James Charlies Waugh. Trinity Coll., Oxf., M.A. 1867, Vice-Prin. of the Dioce. Coll., Capetown, 1861—3. Rector of Ashleworth, Glouc., 1881—90. He was curate in charge of Wroughton. _,_ 1891—1900. William Henry Stevenson, B. N. C., Oxon, M.A., 1886. 1900—04. Herbert Harold Dillon Bolton, M.A., Durham, 1895. 1905—08 Allen Stuart Hartigan, T. C. D., M.A., 1885. * From Parish Registers. Priests of the Chapel or Chantry of St. Mary at Elcombe, in the Parish of Elyndon, | 1308 Roger Grimbaud. | Presentation made by Sir John Lovel. | 1318 John de la More, . Presentation made by Johanna, who was wife of Lord John Lovel. Instituted Rector of Steeple Lavington 1330, appoints vicar there 1340, succeeding Rector appointed in 1342, becomes Rector of Chilton Foliat 1349. 1319 Geoffrey de Merston. Presentation made by Johanna, at one time wife of Sir John Lovel. | 1329 Thomas le Templar. | Presentation made by Johanna, wife of John Lovel. /1346 Simon de Broc. 4 Presentation made by Johanna Lovel. 1349 John Palmer de Shulton. | Presentation made by the Lord [ Bishop of Salisbury] per laps. 1361 Walter de Reepe. | On resignation of John de Shulton presentation made by the King for the heirs of John Lovel. In Pat. 34 Edw. III. pp. 3 m. 3. Cal. p. 152 under date 20th Jan., 1361, the name is given as *“ Walter de Redemor,” the presentation being in the King’s gift by reason of his wardship of the land and heir of John Lovel, who held in chief. In Pat. 38 Edw. III. pt. i. m. 2. Cal. p. 557 the name is given as ‘‘ Waiter de Roepe, chaplain.” 11362 Peter Grey. | Presentation made by the Bishop of Salisbury per laps. 474 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton. 1419 John Whitmere. . Presentation made by Matilda, Lady Lovel and Holand. 14385 John Potter. Presentation made by William, Lord Lovel and Holand. 1448 John de Row. On death of John Potter presentation made by Sir Wm. Lovel, Lord Lovel and Holand. Taxatio Eccr’ P’ NicHowal (c2rca 1291). p. 190 Tax’ Bonor’ Sp’ual’m Arch’ Berk’ & Wilts’ Taxatio Decima | Ecclesia de Elindone BG is 3.061, Om Pensio Prioris Se’i Swithini in eadem oe Oven 0) 10.0 Pensio Monachor’ de Briaco in eadem 2 OMe) 4.0 Vicar’ in eadem 4. (60,38 8.8 p. 193 Tax’ Bonor’ Temporaliuw’ Arch’ Berk’ & Wilt’ Elyndone Abbas Teukesbur’ 10 2 Ors ho by Ow dl Netherweston Prior Wynton’ DB 5 Bava DAG Wykelescote Abb’issa de Lacock 2: OP tO Br an) p. 196 De pe’sione Mona’ch ’de Briaco 1. 0. 0 Prior de in Eec’a de Elyndone in Dec’ Creck’ Minstre Lovel INQUISITIONES Nonarum (15 Ed. iii.) 1841, p. 162. Ecclesiade Elyndon. The following parishioners— William Wode- hous’, John Daundeley, Thomas de Lyle sen., Thomas de Lyle jun., & William le Palmer of Weklestote—report on oath that the ninth of corn, wool & lambs for the parish & the ecclesiastical estates in it of the Prior of St Swithin, the Abbot of Stanley & the Abbot of Tewkes- bury amounted to 25 marcs. They were not in a position to estimate the amount due on the Rectory but stated that the rector had in demesne ij carucates of land worth viij marcs per ann., meadow land | worth xl*., pasture worth x*, . . . worth half a marc, rents & services of tenants worth x‘, tithe of hay worth vij marcs & a half, mortuaries dc worth 5 marcs, tithes of mill, calves, goslings, flax, & | other small tithes worth . . . Theninthforthe Priorof S*Swithin | amounts to . . ._, for the Abbot of Stanleagh to ij° & for the Abbot of Tewkesbury to 1x*. | The inquisition was taken at Marlborough on the Sunda immediately before the Feast of St Peter in the presence of Robert Seliman & others. VALOR Ecciesiasticus (27 Hen. vill.). 1535. Vol. ii. p. 128 Elyndon. Antonit's Barker, rector ib’m affirmat p’ sacr’m suu’ rectoriam suam esse an’uivalor’s interr’s dec’is minut’s By Mrs. Vol. iv. 217 PeVol. vi, p. vi. | Vol. vi. p. ix. Firma T. Story Maskelyne and the Rev. Canon Manley. 475 & o’nib’s aliis p’ficuis & emolument’s ut p’ billam de p’cell’s ostens’ & penes ES S. d. com issionar’ remanen’ OOM MANS | \ADIle Indesolut’Arch’no Wiltesp’ p’curac’onib’s & sinodalib’s annuati’ — vij. vij. ob Kt solut’ abbot’ S’ti1 Swithinni de Wyn- chest’ annual’ penc’one Vv — — Et solut’ Collegio S’ti Fresewid’ in Oxon”! p’ annual’ penc’one Et reman’ clar’ line yoo Elyndon, Georgius Banks,vicarius ib’m affirmat p’ sac’m suu’vicarilam suam esse an’ul valors in terr’s dec’ lo minut’s & o’nib’s aliis p’ficuis & emolument’s ut p billam de p’cell’s ost’ens’ & penes com issionar’ remanen’ Inde solut’ Arch’no Wiltes p’ p’curac’on- ib’s & sinodalib’s annuati’ Et reman’ clar’ inex" Among possessions of Eton College in County of Bucks Elcombe—Val’ in firma cujusd’m porc’- ois ib’m p’ annu’ Among possessions of the Monastery of S' Swithuns in Winchester Man’iu de Wroston cu’ p’tin’ p’ annu’ De quib’s in solut’ Vicario de Elyngdon p’ an’ua pensio’e exeunt’ de Wroston’ p’ annw’ : Et in feodo Tristrami Fauntleroy Audi- toris xx* et in feodo Recept’de Wroston Pensiones videl’t de Elyndon Book or VALUES (xvi'" Cent.). Scitus Manerii ibidem cum omnibus orreis,” edificiis, terris, Dominicatibus, pratis, pascino et pasturio eidem scitui pertinentibus Sive spectantibus dimissi Thome Strete per annum 1 No doubt an error for ‘‘ Beatze Mariz in Eton.” — XXvj. viij. KEK | iy: iiij. ob — ]xij. v. q Xin Xvi. Vly. — nly — Xj. xXillj. vii. — Xxlij. v. ob’ xxxj, xilj.2ix¢%. ob’ xiije, iiij¢ Ke: C*. (Winchester Cath. Documents ed. Kitchin & Madge). |p.95. Manerium de Wroughton in Com. Wilts valet in Redditibus assissee tam liberorum quam custumarie tenentium ibidem cum _ eorum operibus per annum x1xl2. xviijs. jd. ob. See e Xa So MN le * Barns. 476 Notes upon the Ecclesiastical History of Wroughton, Finibus, heriettis, extrahuris et perqussitio Curiz ibidem communibus annis x1?) Reprisis Feodis et Stipendiz viz Collectori reddituum xs et Firmario pro toga sua vj® viij? per annum Pensione soluta Rectoris de Elingdon pro decimis Rectoriz ibidem per annum xiljs ilijd. XXXS Et Valet Clare xxxjlv. xvijd. ob, TERRIERS. I. In the possession of Mr. W. Wild and in the collection of the late Mr. 482 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. (eight pages in all), printed on bright pink paper, The New Sarum Punch presented a plausible imitation, both as to cover and contents, of the well- known get-up of Punch. The general election of 1880 was fiercely contested in Salisbury between Messrs. W. H. Grenfell and J. P. Edwards, on the Liberal, and ©. J. Kennard and the Hon. H. R. Dutton, on the Conservative, sides (the Liberal candidates heing returned) ; and this local Punch was specially issued for gratis distribution on the actual day of the election, April 2nd, 1880. Its cover shows Gladstone (in Punch’s chair) surveying, on the easel before him, the Liberal candidates, who also appear (issuing from the well- known cornucopia of Dicky Doyle’s design) at the top of the poll. Disraeli, as Toby, sits on a pile of books, labelled “ Bad Trade, Secret Treaties,” etc. - There is also a double-page cartoon of ‘‘ The Great Salisbury Stakes— Dead Heat between Edwards and Grenfell,” in which the Liberal candidates pass the winning post, their rivals being thrown at the last fence. The letter- press comprises ‘“‘ How to conduct Elections, from a Tory point of view,” — “To Lord Folkestone, Greeting,” ‘“‘ Nursery Rhymes Re-written,” and the | usual caustic paragraphs, humorous but lacking in good taste, generally characteristic of election literature. None of it reaches the really high level of witty journalism displayed in the earlier Liberal publication, The Original Letters of Smith, Brown, Jones and Robinson: The New Sarum Punch was printed by Mr. Frank Highman, of Catherine Street, who was responsible for the illustrations and general formation, working from sketches supplied by Mr. Grenfell, who was himself the writer of the letterpress. THE SALISBURY TIMES AND WILTSHIRE MISCELLANY (1854). The Salisbury Times and Wiltshire Miscellany claims a doubtful! place in the sequence of Liberal, or possibly Liberal, local papers. Yet it is of interest here to include it. It was a rival paper to The Salisbury Adveréiser | and Monthly Miscellany of Edward Roe (1854). One copy only, the issue | for November 4th, 1854,’ is traceable. ‘This is a quarto publication, of | eight pages, bound in a pale pink cover. Its title runs :— Number 1.—Price One Penny. / The Salisbury Times /‘And Wiltshire | Miscellany. / A / Family Journal of Local and Other News, / Literature and Art: / A Newspaper in Miniature. / November 4, 1854 / Salisbury : | / Printed and Published by the Proprietor, H. Sherwin,? New Street, jj and sold by all Booksellers. | The proprietor proclaims it “truly Independent in principle . . . a 1 See “ The Wilts County Mirror and incorporated papers.” 2 Writer’s collection. | 3 Sherwin is a later Salisbury printer than Roe. See“ The Wilts County | Mirror and incorporated papers.” Sherwin’s name does not appear in the 1850 local Directory. | By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 483 companion for all persons,” endeavouring to bring “ instruction and amuse- ment to the Poor Man’s Home and a halo of genial influence round the Cottager’s Fireside.” There are no illustrations, but the paper makes a much more distinctive feature of local intelligence than does The Advertiser, -and surpasses it in the cheapness of its advertisements, as “‘ Persons requiring Servants, and Servants wanting Situations, may advertise, not exceeding Three Lines, Free of Charge.” It also promises a “ Post Edition” on thin paper, which will pass through the Post “ with a penny Stamp thereon and writing all over the blank margins” :' and has a further novel feature in “The Juvenile Exhibitor,” a section open to the “ Literary Efforts” of the * youth of both sexes.” ? The report under “ Latest Intelligence” of Balaclava, with a reference to the Charge of the Light Brigade, an outspoken editorial on the terrible lack of provision for the care of the sick and wounded after Alma, and an account of a ‘Visit to Britford,” are the most interesting items in this - number. An attitude of covert hostility to some printer and periodical unnamed is traceable throughout. This hostility was probably aimed at Edward Roe and The Salisbury Advertiser, and may have been actuated by political as well as business differences, Roe being being an ardent Con- servative, aud Sherwin, judging from the tone of his editorial, certainly more Liberal than ‘‘ Independent.” It would be interesting to be able to regard the paper as a definitely Liberal organ, a lineal precursor of The Salisbury Times, but the data are insufficient. Even The Miscellany’s duration is unknown,* though its decidedly original features and definite attention to local news and interests may have assured it at least as longa lease of life as that enjoyed by its rival. d ‘Tur SALISBURY EXAMINER AND SoutH WESTERN GAZETTE (1860—68). It was in the early ’sixties that Salisbury at last acquired a permanent Liberal Press. The great democratic ideals of 1832, towards the attainment of which the old Whig statesmen had made little further effort after the passing of the first Reform Bill, were now once more reviving under the newer Liberals who formed the progressive wing of Lord Palmerston’s party | during his last ministry. A reaction against the undue attention of the ‘Government to foreign affairs, and an increased demand for internal reform, both constructive and destructive, were manifesting themselves throughout | the country, and these movements synchronised with the emancipation of ‘| the press from the Stamp and Paper duties, in 1854 and 1861. The inevitable _ 17The Newspaper Stamp duty was still in force, but as a postal, not a ‘| fiscal, measure. No writing was, however, admissible on a duty-stamped ‘| paper. Newspaper history curiously repeats itself; Dawk’s News Letter of 11698 had a blank space at the end, “that any gentleman may write his own | private business.” 2 The later Salisbury Times revived this feature of catering for a juvenile ~| public, . "| 3The files of The Salisbury Journal refer in no way to The Times of this date. f) VOL, XLI—NO. CXXXVI. OL 484 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. result was the stronger growth, both in London and the provinces, of a — - Liberal Press, which, at a cheap price, could now reach the large public to _ which it appealed. | Salisbury certainly followed the general lines of this development in ~ newspaper history, but complete data as to the beginnings of local Liberal — journalism are, at this period, unfortunately lacking. It is, however, © generally accepted that The Salisbury Examiner of 1860 was the city’s — pioneer Liberal newspaper. The only extant files of The Examiner are in ~ the British Museum, and run from No. 348, Saturday, May 18, 1867, to | No. 414, August 22, 1868. This gives, by counting back from No. 348,a first number probably dating about September 14th, 1860. The heading of © the present Salisbury Times confirms this date, by adding “‘ With which is — ‘incorporated The Salisbury Examiner, published in 1860.” The Examiner ~ is, however, first included in the ““ Newspaper Press Directory ” under 1866, and there described as ‘established 1862.” But the evidence seems more | conclusivefin favour of the earlier date. The absence of files, and the belated advertisement in the ‘““ Newspaper | Press Directory,” both suggest that the new paper’s early career was one of | probable difficulties, and its history can only really be followed from 1866. 7 The ‘‘ Directory” advertisement of that date describes it as “ neutral” in politics, a Saturday paper, at “1d. and 2d.,” “ circulating in Salisbury and the surrounding villages . . . with local news epitomised and added to” a sheet of general intelligence! . . . Proprietor A. W. Coombs.” The earliest number apparently extant? has the following title and imprint — “The Salisbury Examiner and South Western Gazette / No. 348, Salisbury, Saturday, May 18, 1867, Price 1d. /. . . Printed by Alfred Coombs, at the Printing Offices, Castle Street, in the parish of St. Thomas, Salisbury, every Saturday morning.” Alfred Coombs carried on business as a printer on part of the premises | now covered by the General Post Office, and was the predecessor, at the ~ game address, of Thomas Thwaites Cox, the last publisher of The Examiner, His paper was in 1867 an eight-page weekly (20in. by 14in.), containing full | news, both local and general, and, while whole-heartedly supporting such” measures as the Disraeli Reform Bill of 1867, decidedly more Liberal in | its attitude than ‘“neutral.”* It claimed to be ‘the only penny paper | published and circulated in the large agricultural district of which Salisbury | is the centre,” and was certainly the first actual Salisbury newspaper ‘4 to | appear at the new cheap rate. Its advertisements were also attractively | cheap, rated at 2d. a line only. a Unfortunately The Hxaminer, after maintaining an eight- year existence, | at times possibly chequered, came to an end in 1868, owing to an ill-judged | effort to give the public more for their money than it could reasonabl} 'The 2d. price was for a stamped copy, the duty stamp at that date remaining as a postal, but not a fiscal, charge. | ? British Museum. : Onan the earlier Salisbury Times and Wiltshire Miscellany. | 4 The Miscellanies of 1854 were both a penny: P| By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. ' 485 afford. A new political situation had arisen. The concentration on the Trish question by the Liberals in the Derby-Disraeli Cabinet was rendering a dissolution before the close of the year inevitable, and the general election that must ensue would concern a wider public than ever before, a public which included the newly-enfranchised small householders of Disraeli’s 1867 Reform Bill. The Hxaminer, spurred to fresh efforts not only by the political exigences of the moment, but by the competition of a rival Liberal paper, Zhe Salisbury Times and South Wilts Gazette, which had appeared in March, 1868, embarked on a policy of enlargement. A new proprietor, Thomas Thwaites Cox,! was now conducting the paper, and on Saturday, May 28th, 1868, he announced his intention of “enlarging the above paper to 48 columns (the same size as The Salisbury Journal) . . . on Saturday, June6th . . . with new type.” The attempt to outpass its rival, and at the same time to compete in size and contents, at the penny price, with the older Salisbury papers, The Journal and The Mirror, still issuing at the fourpenny rate, was, however, tooambitious. The Hxaminer duly appeared on June 6th, 1868, as a 4-page paper (20in. X 274in.), with an imposing list of the towns and villages in which it circulated ; but with disastrous results. On August 8th it was forced to return to its original formation, and No. 414, August 22nd, 1868, is endorsed in the British Museum Catalogue “ Dis- continued.” The new Salisbury Times had in fact beaten the older Examiner out of the field. Tue SALISBURY TIMES AND SoutH WILTS GAZETTE (1868—to present day). The Salisbury Times came into existence, as has just been pointed out, in obedience to the economic law of supply and demand. The fall of the Derby-Disraeli ministry, aud a general election which would return the Liberals to power with a crushing majority, were, early in 1868, foregone conclusions; while the Reform Bill of 1867 had created a new newspaper public, the urgency of whose political needs must be supplied. There was room in Salisbury, side by side with the old Journal, now more avowedly neutral than Liberal in politics, and the Conservative Mzrror (both high- priced), for a cheap Liberal paper on progressive lines. The existence of the not entirely successful Mxamzner was no bar to the appearance of a paper which might profit by its experience and avoid its mistakes. Such a paper Mr: William Wells launched in the city on March 14th, 1868. Its full title and imprint ran as follows :— The Salisbury Times / and South Wilts Gazette / 1—Saturday, March 14, 1868, 1d. /. . . Printed and Published by the Proprietor, William Wells, at his Printing Office, St. John Street, in the Parish of Saint Thomas, Salisbury.” The Times, which now issued from the premises occupied to-day by Mr. ‘1Mr. Thomas Thwaites Cox was a grocer, carrying on business at 102, Fisherton Street. His family was connected by marriage with that of | Alfred Coombs. 2 British Museum. 486 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. . E. 8. Humby, was an eight-page weekly (measuring 14in. by 20in.), a for- mation which it was wise enough to maintain for several years, and its foreword deserves quotation at length :— ‘‘ The cheap press has now become an established fact . . . Without adopting the views of any sect or party, the Salisbury Times will stoutly uphold the principles of justice, progress, and utility hee Its forty columns will contain a carefully digested epitome of all Domestic, Foreign, {and Party News; Local Intelligence; Business — Announcements ; and suitable Library selections of an instructive and humorouscharacter . . . Zhe Salisbury Times will strive to reflect the sound views of deep thinking minds, seeking to use the vast machinery of the Reform Bill for the promotion of no mere class interest, but for the common good of all. . . . The scale of charges for advertise- ments will be correspondingly low. . . . That such an organ was much needed and greatly desired amongst us, is evidenced by the satisfaction with which the announcement of its appearance was hailed.” It is thus an interesting coincidence that, as the earliest Liberal press in Salisbury appeared as a consequence of the agitation prior to the passing of the first Reform Bill, so the city’s finally successful and permanent Liberal newspaper was the acknowledged creation of the second. The paper, begun with such good prospects of success, made steady progress during the great Liberal epoch of the first Gladstone ministry. Its rival succumbed within a few months, and its copyright was bought by Mr. Wells, The Salisbury Times subsequently incorporating its title with its own. It consistently described itself as “advocating all local measures tending to advance the interests of the borough ; taking a Liberal view of political questions ; and giving specially full reports of district news” ; and _ the latter feature, full and detailed reporting, is as characteristic of the paper in the ‘seventies as it is to-day. Some of The Salisbury Times's success at this period was undoubtedly due to its possessing a very capable editor, Mr. Tom Cudlip, who in later years joined the staff of The Morning Leader under Spencer Leigh Hughes. To his clever journalism the Salisbury paper, during the Wells management and later, undoubtedly owed much. In 1874 Mr. Wells moved his printing and newspaper business to No. 60, and in 1878 to No. 98, Fisherton Street (now the Court Temperance Hotel), where the printing of The 7'mes was for many years carried on at the rear of the premises, the front being used asa shop. The Times had flourished * under both a Liberal and a Conservative government, but the disasters abroad and bitter civil strife at home which unfortunately coincided with the second Gladstone ministry made the paper’s position more precarious than it had yet been, and in 1883 Mr. Wells sold it to the late Mr. Charles Moody, a leading Salisbury Liberal and Nonconformist, who assumed the proprietorship in October, at the close of his tenure of office as mayor of the city. Mr. Moody, whose interest in The Salisbury Times, first as proprietor and later as chairman of The Salisbury Times Company, was unbroken By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 487 until his death, continued to issue the paper from the Fisherton Street premises, and to conduct it on the lines laid down by his predecessor. The Times was still a penny, eight-page, weekly, with six columns to the page, and developed under Mr. Moody’s proprietorship many of the features characteristic of the paper to-day, notably the widely-used correspondence columns, the occasional short story, and the well-printed illustrations, which have appeared from time to time, under “Our Portrait Gallery,” of “Celebrities of the Day.” Mr. Tom Cudlip remained as editor, and his “ Jottings of the Week,” under the familiar signature “‘ Tre Pol, Pen,” were at this period another notable feature. He was succeeded on the staff of the paper by Mr. William John Abel, who in March, 1889, when the task of conducting a party newspaper in addition to his municipal and other activities proved too much for Mr. Moody, bought The Times and printing business from his employer. Mr. Abel’s proprietorship was, however, a brief one. The late eighties and early nineties were witnessing, in the growth of Liberal Unionism and Imperialism, a cleavage in the orthodox political parties and a development of new political creeds, which made the position of party newspapers of either of the old complexions somewhat difficult. Each of the Salisbury party newspapers certainly seems at this period to have felt the need of more substantial “backing” thana single proprietor could give. The Conservative Mirror did not come under company management until 1897, but there was a local impetus towards the strengthening of Salisbury’s Liberal newspaper in the fierce controversy over sectarian education in elementary schools at that time raging in the city, and the formation of a Salisbury Times Company was first mooted in May, )891. It was then decided to purchase The Salisbury Times and plant and to engage Mr. Alfred Goodere as manager and editor. The chairman of the company thus formed was Mr. Charles Moody, the former proprietor, and Mr. H. G. Gregory, Mr. W. Pritchard, and other leading Salisbury Liberals were among the directors ; while much of the necessary capital was subscribed by small shareholders, railwaymen and others, whose faith in the Liberal programme, and in the local Liberal paper’s adequate exposition of that programme, was fully justified by the progress of The Tumes under the new company. Mr. Alfred Goodere, the first editor under the new régime, had already some experience of Salisbury journalism, having been for some time local | correspondent to The Western Chronicle, a Liberal opponent of the older- established Western Gazette. He produced, on July 4th, 1891, No. 1201 of | The Salisbury Times, an attractive first number of the paper under company ' management. This was an issue greatly improved typographically, with a | good front page, well spaced and printed, in which local advertisements "| replaced the patent-medicine blocks on which the Abel management seems largely to have relied; and, while retaining the familiar features of the ' paper, Mr. Goodere added such newer ones as a serial (by Mrs. Clements |} Montague), a temperance column, and the devotion of more space to Wilton affairs.! | 1The only newspaper published in Wilton, The Walton and Salisbury Chronicle, of 1885, had come to an end in 1887. 488 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. “To-day” said the new editor’s foreword, “ The Salisbury Times is pub- lished under new management. Popular features are introduced to make the paper acceptable to all classes, and other projects are in view, not the least useful of which will be our “ Children’s corner.. Asthe new management did not take effect till Monday, we are conscious of very many deficits and short-comings, for which we claim USUI DOUE NY indulgence oop eae ta eet short time we hope to enlarge the paper.” The promised innovations appeared in due course, and a policy, growing out of the attention to Wilton affairs already noted, was initiated of issuing a duplicate Wilton edition, under the title of The Walton Times and South Wilts Gazette. In May, 1893, the paper was enlarged to seven columns, a change necessitated by increased sales and circulation, and by the purchase © of new “ Fast Machinery.” It was in 1893, also, that The Times published an important and well-printed pamphlet, “Establishment of a Village Council and a small Freehold Colony at Winterslow.—The Landholders’ Court.” This contained a clear and concise account of Major Poore’s Scheme for the development of Small Freeholds and Village Local Government at Winterslow, and was for many years in demand, not only locally, but by a wide public interested in the Small Holdings and Parish Councils move- ments. In February, 1897, Mr. S. E. Goodere, brother of Mr. Alfred Goodere, succeeded him as editor. In 1899 The Salisbury Times moved to larger ana more convenient premises in Dew’s Road. The.old Fisherton Street premises had for some time been found inadequate for the new machinery, and were, moreover, liable to flooding,” a serious drawback which had already resulted in a most regrettable loss of early files Meanwhile particularly suitable premises had fallen vacant, in circumstances which recalled to the Liberal readers of The Salisbury Times the bitter quarrel of the last decade. It was in the late ‘eighties that the controversy as to sectarian education in local schools, already referred to, became acute, especially in Fisherton, and in 1889 the Free Churches of the city, intending their action as a tactical move, allowed the old British School in Dew’s Road to be closed down. Liberals and Conservatives can now sincerely agree that the closing of a school which had done such good educational work was unfortunate; but ten years later the Liberal press in Salisbury was to profit by the Free — Churches’ action. The leader of The Salisbury Times for May 19th, 1899, briefly touches on the history of the old school, and clearly states the cir- cumstances of the paper’s final move :— “‘ For some years past the Salisbury Times Company have recognised | the importance of obtaining new premises . . . and eventually decided to purchase the old british School property in Dew’s Road "Compare The Salisbury Times and Wiltshire Miscellany of 1854. ? Fisherton Street particularly suffered in the severe floods of November, 1894. | 3 Especially to be regretted as the Salisbury Public Library, owing tolack | of space, has never been able to file any local paper other than The Salis | Journal. at a By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. . ... o 489 from Mr. H. G. Gregory. For twenty-three years the premises were used for the purpose of the British School . . . The late Mr. George Gregory built the British School in 1866, under whose roof unsectarian education was imparted. The first British Schoolmaster was Mr. W. L. Williams, who was shortly succeeded by Mr. G. W. Tuck, who conducted the school with marked ability for twenty-two years, viz., till Christmas, 1889, and there were generally over three hundred scholars on the books . . . It was a thousand pities that it should have been allowed by the Free Churches of this city to have been closed. Mr. Tuck conducted a private commercial school in the small building for several years, but on his departure for Folkestone the schools were closed, offered for sale, and the Salisbury Times Company acquired them.” : The Company made extensive alterations, new-flooring the main building, erecting a machine-room, and converting the adjoining infant room into a | dwelling-house. The large schoolroom (61ft. by 31ft.) was adapted as a | composing room, and is to-day “pronounced one of the best rooms of the kind in the South-Western Counties.” _ The history of The Salsbury Times subsequent to its settlement in its | new premises has been one of steady progress, but has proved less eventful | than that of its earlier years. In April, 1900, Mr. John C. Hudson succeeded ' Mr. Goodere as manager and editor, a position which he still most capably | fills. In 1908 the paper abandoned the policy of separate editions, and 'once more consolidated into one single edition, issuing as The Salisbury Times at twelve o’clock every Friday. During the war it suffered the inevitable reduction in size and increase in price, going up to two-pence on May 4th, 1917, and returning to the six columns of its original formation. | It returned to seven columns as soon as possible, however, and on November 25th, 1921, increased in number to eight columns per page. | The party paper is, in London journalism, an institution almost as old | as the newspaper ‘ial In the provinces it is a growth of the nineteenth | century only, and affords a study of much interest to the student of the | newspaper. ‘The development of a Liberal Press in a city of the size of | Salisbury certainly forms a chapter of real importance, not only in local | history, but in the larger history of the provincial newspaper as a whole. (b)—The Wiltshire Mirror (1833—1911), and incorporated newspapers. The Wiltshire Standard (1833). The Salisbury and Wiltshire Herald (18833—1852). The Salisbury Advertiser (1854). The Salisbury Standard and Wilts Advertiser (1869—1871). The South Wilts Express (1871—1887). | The Wiltshire County Mirror, the longest-established Salisbury news- | paper of definitely Conservative politics, came to an end in 1911, after an | existence of seventy-eight years. Its history can best be traced through | that of its lineal precursors and of the other Salisbury newspapers later | ncorporated with it. 490 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. It was the inevitable reaction from the triumphant Whiggism of 1832: which resulted in the birth at Salisbury of a Tory Press. The citizens had hailed with enthusiasm the passing of the great Reform Bill, and the Whig “Reformers of Salisbury,” with their newly-elected representative, William Bird Brodie (whose powerful paper, The Salisbury and Winchester Journal, was decisively Whig), were still the dominant political party, when, in: January, 1833, a Salisbury printer launched, with considerable courage, a. Tory newspaper in the city. THE WILTSHIRE STANDARD (1838). This was The Wiltshire Standard whose full title runs as follows :— The Wiltshire Standard / and Salisbury, Warminster, Devizes, Marlborough and Shaftesbury Advertiser / No.1, Price 7d., Monday,. January 7,1833/. . . Printed and Published by / K. Clapperton,. Sarum.' ; Kenneth Clapperton was a Salisbury printer of some importance, with premises in Catherine Street.2, His paper was a weekly, a demy-folio of eight pages (183 inches by 12), and its foreword clearly defined its policy :— “We unfurl our Standard—no tricoloured bunting stained with the ‘ blood and dirt’ of Revolution—but an honest Union Jack bearing upon its ample surface, in language which all who run may read, the glorious motto of ‘Church, King and Constitution.” The Standard further announced itself as. assured of the support of the leading Wiltshire ‘‘ Nobility, Clergy, Gentry and Yeomen,” but although it was well provided with news, both local and general, for their perusal, its life was unfortunately short. Num- ber 26 announced the appearance on Saturday, July 6th, 1833, of “the first. number of an Independent Weekly Newspaper to be called The Salisbury: and Wiltshire Herald, etc. . . . with impartial Reports of the pro- ceedings of all Parties without reference to their political bias.” THE SALISBURY AND WILTSHIRE HERALD (1833—1852). The Salisbury and Wiltshire Herald appeared accordingly on the date announced, under the following title and imprint :— The: Salisbury and Wiltshire Herald / and Weekly Advertiser for Wilts, Hants, Dorset, Somerset and Berks / Vol. 1, No. 1, Saturday Evening, July 6, 1833, Price 7d. or 8/- per Quarter /. . .. Printed and Published by the Proprietor, John Coupland, at No. 26, Catherine Street, Salisbury.? 1 In the British Museum. 2 The premises now occupied by Mr. T. T. Johnson, the Optician, whence K. Clapperton issued, in 1834, “ An Historical and Descriptive Account of Old and New Sarum”; and Walter Clapperton, later, the first Salzsbury Railway Time Table (1859), and Clapperton’s Register, a miscellany ob 1860. 3 British Museum. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 491 This was an extra-royal, of four pages (263 inches by 184), with seven columns of close printing to the page; and, though appearing as a new paper, was simply The Standard under another title, with the large sheet unfolded so as to give a double sized paper. “We waive,” The Herald stated, “the usual address given on occasions. like the present, conceiving that our columns contain information of more general interest ; but with the full intention of hereafter advocating the Principles we profess, z.e., the support of Church and State.” John Coupland, the new proprietor, was the predecessor, at the same premises,' of the more noted Salisbury printer and bookseller, John Hearn, into whose hands the paper soon passed. It seems to have prospered more consistently than The Wiltshire Standard, and to have circulated more widely, being procurable of two London and 27 country agents ; and it was certainly better edited, with full reports both of London and local affairs. An enlargement of The Salisbury Journal, announced in July, 1833, suggests that the older paper felt the competition of its new rival, and by 1838 The Herald seems to have achieved an assured position in the city. It was now,” owing to the reduction in the Stamp Duty in 1836, five pence IN price, of the same formation, and still published on Saturday evening, but “ Edited, Printed, and Published at Number 26, Catherine Street, Salis- bury, by John Hearn, Junior, of the same place.” John Hearn,? the new proprietor, had probably taken over the paper before 1836, by which date he was well established as a printer and bock- seller in Salisbury at 6, Queen Street, as well as 26, Catherine Street. His paper was full of interesting matter, both local and general, and he still ran it on the old lines, heaping scorn in its leaders (which are well-written _ though violently Tory) on “ the profligacy of the Liberal Whigs,’‘and “ such Chimeras as ‘ the People’s Charter,’”’ and asserting with repeated finality _ that‘ self-government is an element which does not exist in, and is in- compatible with, the British Constitution.” A certain Mr. Mearson, referred to in the election controversy of a few years later, was foreman of the paper at this time. The vicissitudes of the Tory party in the early Victorian period seem, however, to have affected the fortunes of The Herald, which now entered 0n a period of varying proprietorship. In 1840 its price and formation / were the same, but it was, since some date prior to September 12th, 1840, | “Printed and Published at No. 26, Catherine Street, Sarum, by William | Henry Halpin of Salisbury.” Hearn seems to have disposed of his Catherine | Street business,‘ with the paper, to Halpin, moving to the Poultry Cross, | whence he issued his Western Literary Advertiser in 1841. He had also | modified his politics, for a collection of election posters for 1841° shows the a ‘To-day the premises of Mr. James Cater. * See a copy in the Blackmore Museum, Salisbury. | *See The Western Literary Advertiser, dealt with in part (c) of Section IIL, “ Literary and other Salisbury papers of the nineteenth century.” * The address does not appear on his catalogues after 1840, * In the possession of Mr. George Harris. | i i 492 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. two printers in partial opposition in ths violent election struggle of that year, when Col. W. B. Brodie was the Whig, and Mr. Wadham Wyndham. and the Hon. Anthony John Ashley the Conservative, candidates for the city. Hearn, though pro- Wyndham, was also, from motives of citizenship and business,! pro-Brodie, and one of his posters scathingly refers to “The Menagerie of Messrs. Halpin & Co, at the corner of Catherine Street.” ? Lhe Herald, as might be expected, was for the two Conservative candidates, and the iblent and personal squibs and broadsides issuing from 1ts offices were all aimed at Colonel Brodie. The return of Mr. Wadham Wyndham and of Colonel Brodie left the political honours divided, and the bitterness of the election quarrel died down: Halpin for some time continued to print and publish The Herald, but between 1842 and 1846 some important changes took place, and the paper came for the first time under company management, of which it was to have further experience before its demise in 1911. ‘The Newspaper Press Directory” of 1846 thus describes it :—‘‘ Salisbury Herald, Saturday, Price 5d., Conservative,? Established July, 1833, Circulates in all Wilts and North of Dorset and Hants, Advocates the interests of Agriculture, is a literary Journal and attached to the Church of England. Proprietors, a Company of Residents. Publisher, Frederick Henry Lee.” But in 1847 _ the “ Company of Residents” had given place to a single proprietor, George Sunonds; while in 1851 the imprint is, ‘“‘ Proprietor, George Simonds and Publisher Mitchell Simonds” ; and in 1852 it is ‘‘ Printed and Published at’ | the Office, Catherine Street, Salisbury, by Mitchell Simonds of Catherine Street, Salisbury.” The assumption is that first Lee and then Simonds had succeeded Halpin in the printing and newspaper business, and that the paper was still issuing from No. 26, Catherine Street. Throughout these | years The Herala’s price and formation remained the same, but the paper seems, like the Conservative party after the collapse of the Peel ministry in 1846, to have fallen on evil days. The year 1852 marks, however, a turning-point in The Herald’s history. | The issue for January 3lst announces that “in future this paper will appear under the title of The Wiltshire County Mirror. It-will be much enlarged and under new Editorial management. ‘The next day of publication will | be Tuesday, the 10th of February, and it will thenceforth be published on ‘Tuesday in every week instead of Saturday as heretofore.” THE WILTSHIRE County Mirror (1852—1911). The Wiltshire County Mirror appeared under the following title, which fully embodied these distinctive changes, of title, formation, premises, proprietorship, and date of publication :— ~tMr. Ashley had no real connection with the city. Hearn’s Western Literary Advertiser was for a short time also printed and published by Brodie & Co. * No. 26 cannot be regarded as a corner address, but an election poster is | not necessarily accurate. 3 The old Tory party had been known as Conservative since the advent | to power of the Peel ministry in 1841. a a By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. — _ 493 The Wiltshire County Mirror / Vol. 1, No. 1,' Salisbury, Tuesday, Feb. 10, 1852, Price 5d. / With which is incorporated The Wiltshire Herald and General Advertiser for Wilts, Hants, Dorset and the West of England / . . . Printed and Published for the Proprietor at the Printing Office in Minster Street, Salisbury, by Henry Barton, Minster Street, in the Parish of St. Thomas’s, Salisbury. The Mirror's first number appeared a few hours late, owing to an accident to the new machinery. It was an eight-page paper (174in. by 24in.), and its foreword well defines its scope:—“ We shall seek to realise in one double sheet the general features of a London weekly, joined to the particular objects of a local newspaper . . . professing warm and devoted attach- ment to our Protestant institutions . . . and seeking the closest identification with the Agricultural Interest. Beyond these two great articles of our political creed, we have no stubborn, irremovable prejudices, .. The first publication of The Wiltshire Mirror is coincident with the first introduction into Salisbury of Printing by Steam.? Our first number has this day been printed on our premises in Minster Street, by one of Napier’s double-feeding machines, propelled by steam.” That the new Conservative paper could once again be regarded as an important competitor in the newspaper world, is proved by The Journal’s immediate announcement of steam-printing and enlargement also, an announcement shortly followed by some amusing comments on its own contents, size, etc., obviously aimed at The Mirror. ‘ Our circulation ” wrote Zhe Journal of April 10th, 1852, ‘exceeds that of all other Wiltshire papers put together . . . with more matter than is contained in an eight-paged paper with its two and thirty marginal wastes . . . and we shall study not to oppress our readers with verbose and ponderous reports, of little local interest and distasteful decidedly to the general | public.” The new Mirror was, however, in spite of its ‘‘ verbose and | ponderous reports,” a far more “live” paper than the old Standard or | Herald, and full of interesting features, while, though still strongly _ Conservative, edited on broader-minded lines. It plunged vigorously into. the election contest of 1852,° throwing all its weight on the side of Protection | and “ No Popery,” and upholding the Conservative candidates, Sir F. Slade ~ and Mr. Higford Burr, by poster and squib as well as_ in its weekly issues. | Before the close of 1852, the new proprietor’s name appeared, and The | Mirror was in the hands of a family which was to conduct it for nearly _ twenty years. The issue for October 19th has the imprint, “‘ Printed and _ Published at his Printing-Office, by Robert Farrant.” Mr. Robert Farrant was a chemist, occupying premises which faced both Minster Street and | the Oatmeal Row, in the position held to-day by the London County and 1 British Museum, 2 It is an interesting coincidence that the issue of the first number of The Wiltshire Standard in 1833 practically synchronised with the appearance . | of “the new mode of lighting by gas” in the city. : 3 See The Oreginal Letters of Smith, Brow, Jones and Robinson, in part . |e of this Section. 494 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. Tiffin) of the Peace Celebrations in the Market Place in 1856, shows the| _ premises very clearly. : Y The history of The Mirror under the Farrant régime was not eventful.|) _ It held its own as “the recognised organ of the Conservative party ” during} the long and prosperous ministry of Lord Palmerston, circulating throughout; i Wiltshire and the adjoining counties, and soomeniledl after the fashion of the eighteenth-century paper, “to London, Bath, Bristol and Exeter Coffee-| Houses.” It dropped some of its cieon nue in the late ’sixties, when social, and representational reforms once more became of burning interest, but) was still an important paper, “the only Conservative newspaper published)” in South Wilts,”! when Mr. Farrant died in 1871. | THE SALISBURY ADVERTISER AND MonTHLy MISCELLANY (1854). It was during this period that The JMrror absorbed, probably in 1855, al miscellany known as The Salisbury Advertiser, which may here be deal with, This was the first of two rival papers of the miscellany type which) appeared in 1854, each catering for the (at that date) newly-discovered reader, the intelligent working man. One copy only of the first volume? February to December, 1854, apparently exists, and is in the Salisbury} Museum. It is a periodical in imperial 4to (144in. by 92in.), of eight pages,| illustrated, and issued monthly ata penny. Edward Boe of Queen Street,| Salisbury, who became one of the later proprietors of The Wiltshire County| Mirror, was printer and publisher, and the first number was ‘‘ madeits own; Advertiser, and presented Gratis, as a Specimen of a Provincial Penny’s-| worth of Literature at Salisbury.” i. Its foreword describes it, with unconsciously humorous patronage, as) “not a Newspaper, but a Pattotical rife with all the intelligence that shall in every respect supply its place—a Publication intended to warm the} intellect of the labouring man . . . while for his more intellectual and} wealthy Be galoowus) many gleanings may be found, useful, instructive, and! amusing.” The detailed heading of the first ants gives a clear idea a its contents :— Salisbury Advertiser / and / Monthly Miscellany / containing a) Selection of / Tales, Essays, and Poetry ; / Facts, Figures, and Fiction ;| Gleanings and Gatherings; / as also sketches from / History, Science} and Art; / Together with an Account of the most Interesting / Inci- dents of the War with Russia ; / and / A Mass of Useful Information /| 1 Owing to the incorporation, in 1871, of the penny Conservative paper, | The Salisbury Standard and Wilts Advertiser, with the independent South} Wilts Express. . | 2 Bound in green paper boards. 3 Edward Roe was in business in Salisbury in 1850 (see the 1850 local} Directory). He came from “ Mr. W. Parkins’s, 25, Oxford Street, London.”| ~ By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. _ 47495 on Various Interesting Subjects. / The whole / Illustrated with Numerous Splendid Engravings, / chiefly drawn by Sargeant, Engraved by Measom./ The Advertiser was in fact a typical miscellany on conventional lines “* Wit and Humour,” “ Cookery for the Poor,” “The Simple Wonders of Electricity,” are characteristic titles of articles ; while the pictures, in the style of early Zllustrated London News illustrations, show Guards fighting in busbies, pig-tailed Jack-Tars, and many early Victorian details which now seem singularly remote. “ Local Intelligence” was never very full,} but cheap advertisements, starting at sixpence for two lines, were a dis- tinctive feature, and probably accounted for the paper’s circulation, which was, on its own estimate, 2,500 copies monthly. ‘The April number records the declaration of War with Russia, and with the June number appeared a “Gratis War Supplement,” which was continued monthly. ) The September number was enlarged to twelve pages, with the definite object of giving more space to ‘‘ Local Intelligence and to Literature,” but the publisher’s intentions in this respect seem to have been better than his performance. The December number looks forward, however, to increased success, but further records are wanting. A rival, The Salisbury Times and Wiltshire Miscellany, had already entered the field, and it is probable that Edward Roe gave up his monthly periodical shortly after January, 1855. _ Whether he really sold it to The Wiltshire County Mirror is open to | question. The present day Weltshare News, which finally absorbed The Mirror, includes in its list of incorporated papers ‘‘ The Salisbury Adver- taser, 1853,” but may have done so on the assumption that this earliest journalistic effort of Edward Roe’s was, like his later ones, at some time incorporated with The Mirror. The claim made by the final heritor of the | Salisbury Conservative journals justifies, however, the inclusion of The | Salisbury Advertiser under “ The Wiltshire County Mirror and incorpor- “| : | 7 | q _ ated papers.” The history of The Mirror may be resumed from the death of Mr. Robert Farrant in 1871. Fora year or so it was carried on by “G. H.S. Farrant (for the Executors of the late R. Farrant),” and in November 1873 was privately offered for sale. An existing prospectus for the formation | ofa Small Joint-Stock Company gives some interesting details with regard to the paper, which was now feeling the competition not only of the doyen 4d i § | R | | of the Salisbury newspapers, The Journal, but also of the new Liberal paper, The Salisbury Times, and of an “ Independent’’ organ, The South Wilts Express. The circulation is asserted at 1,000 weekly, and the necessity _ of changing the present price of 4d.? to 3d. insisted on. Advertisements - are reckoned at £20 per week, and an estimated annual return of £1,690 /arrived at, £1700 being suggested as the price for “Goodwill, Paper, and | 1In this respect The Advertiser contrasts unfavourably with its contem- ‘porary and rival, The Salisbury Times. *The Stamp Duty ceased to be fiscal in 1854, most papers being reduced to 4d. in consequence. | i | | A496 . Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. Premises.” The annual cost of production, typical of that of a small pro- vincial BONED nearly fifty years ago, is worth quoting :— £ Cost of repens for 1,000 ane ee As stabs DO Imai the ae 8 Wages a4 ay ws a eas, | FOO Rates and anes Bus ee ve ban 20 Coals 20 Annual Cost op enrine 4D Bacralees iLipos, & Machinery e 40 Clerk and Book-keeper ... Me eer isl0) Salary of Editor or Managing Iirector Ba => 100 Incidental Expenses os ae Bye ae 100 £1,218 The great object of the projected company was, however, to secure “a really good Newspaper to advocate the principles of the Conservative cause, and the Interests of Agriculture.” This seems for the time being to have been secured by the purchase of the paper by Edward Roe & Co., of No. 1, Queen Street,’ Salisbury, into whose hands it passed in 1874. Edward Roe had been in business in Salisbury since 1850, and had published, besides The Salisbury Examiner and Monthly Miscellany of 1854, The Salisbury Standard or General Advertiser (purchased from Joseph Pollard in 1871), | and The South Wilts Kxpress? (with which he incorporated Zhe Standard), | from late in 1871 onwards. THE SALISBURY STANDARD AND WiILTs ADVERTISER (1869—1871). The history of the two papers above referred to, both of which were finally incorporated with The Mirror, may at this point be briefly dealt with. | The Salisbury Standard and Wilts Advertiser first appeared in 1869. The heading and imprint of the first number run :— The Salisbury Standard and Wilts Advertiser / No. 1,3 Saturday, September 4, 1869, ld. / . . . Printed and Published by the pro- prietor, Joseph Pollard, at his Printing Office, High Street, in the Parish of St., Thomas in the borough of Salisbury. The new Salisbury Standard was, like The Wiltshire Standard of 1833, strongly Conservative, and issued as a definite challenge to the recently- published Liberal paper, The Salisbury Times. Its foreword sums up the local newspaper situation and its own policy very clearly :—“ Our readers _ 1 To-day the premises of Messrs. Roper & Co. 2 He had also been district manager for The Wiltshire County Telegram (Dorset, Wilts and Somerset Church and County Newspaper Co.). oa 3 British Museum. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. | 497 are aware there are already three newspapers! in circulation in Salisbury— two are highly priced . . . Recent elections have shown that strong Conservative feeling exists in the Borough of Salisbury. The Conservative working-man was considered a myth, but is now an acknowledged reality, and The Salisbury Standard will aim to be the organ of the Conservative working men of Salisbury and the County of Wilts.” The Salisbury Standard was a weekly of eight pages (14 inches by 203in.), and ran, with some success, for a year as “ the only cheap Conservative paper published in the Southern Divivion of the County . . . advocating Conservative and sound Protestant principles and giving fully all local news.”? In July and August, 1870, it issued a“ Special War Supplement,” gratis,> to meet the interest occasioned by the Franco-Prussian War. But the competition of the older and longer-established Conservative paper must have adversely affected the newcomer, for its files come to an abrupt end in the British Museum with No. 52, the issue for August 27th, 1870. Later files are lacking for some years. The Standard was, however, still alive, and had, early in 1871, been acquired by Edward Roe, who was issuing it from his Queen Street premises and claiming for it “an Extensive and Growing Circulation among all Classes,”* a circulation large enough to justify three editions, one Friday evening and two on Saturday. THE SoutH Wiits Express (1871—1887). _ Edward Roe seems almost at once to have changed the character, title, and formation of his new acquisition. The next extant files ° of the paper run from No. 205, Saturday, August 2, 1873, to No. 913, June 17, 1887, each number being “ Printed and Published by the Proprietor at his general Printing Works, No. 1, Queen Street, Salisbury.” The paper is now headed, The South Wilts Express with which is incorporated The Salisbury Standard and General Advertiser. The “ Newspaper Press Directory” of subsequent years characterises it as “ Independent,” and “the only Cheap Country Paper throughout this District.” Its independent attitude was well established, as The Mirror of 1871 definitely refers to itself as “the only Conservative newspaper published in South Wilts.” The South Wilts Hxpress was a large four-page weekly (20in. by 25in.), instead of a smal! eight-page paper, as The Salisbury Standard had been, and was still issued at the cheap price of one penny. It claimed, probably doubtfully, ‘‘the largest circulation in Salisbury,” and was certainly a ‘The Salisbury and Winchester Journal, The Wiltshire County Mirror, and The Salisbury Tomes. 2 Newspaper Press Directory, 1869. 3 Roe’s Salishury Advertiser of 1854 was the first local paper to issue a gratis War Supplement. 4 A collection of old Salisbury bill-heads provides helpful data which sup- plement the missing files. ° British Museum. 498 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. generous penny’s worth, with a ‘‘most interesting collection of lively miscellaneous matter for leisure reading,” and “a column for reviews,” in addition to the usual newspaper intelligence. Roe appears in fact to have revived in it some of the features of his Salisbury Advertiser and Monthly. Miscellany of 1854. In 1883 The South Wilts Express was enlarged by thirteen columns, and in 1887 its imprint shows it to have been appearing from Roe’s other premises, “‘the South Wilts Hxpress Offices, situated on the Canal, Salis- bury.” Its amalgamation with The Wiltshire County Mirror took place in this year, “No. 913, June 17, 1887” being endorsed in the British Museum as the last number, and the amalgamation noted. The history of Zhe Mirror may now again be followed from its acquisi- tion by ‘‘ Edward Roe and Company ” in 1874. Roe was then conducting The South Wilts Express as an “ Independent ” (though it had, like its pre- cursor, The Salisbury Standard, an appreciable Conservative bias), but he was faithful to the traditions of 7he Mirror, and continued to produce his latest paper as a definitely Conservative organ. He published it from the Market Place address for a few months, but shortly transferred it to his ** Ohief Offices—Canal,! Salisbury,” whence it continued to issue until its demise in 1911. The old price, fourpence, was retained, Roe apparently following the lead of The Journal in making no further reduction, until 1880, when The Mirror, with The Journal, came down to twopence. The paper during this new period of proprietorship seems to have felt the grow- ing competition of its Liberal rival, Zhe Salisbury Times, and it reflects from time to time the bitter political feeling of the Disraeli and Gladstone period, especially in the early ’eighties. In January, 1883, The Wiltshire County Mirror celebrated its Jubilee, an opportunity for a general re-statement of the paper’s position and im- portance of which the proprietor naturally took advantage, as follows :—? “ The Wiltshire County Mirror was established in 1833, and is published every Tuesday, price twopence. It is the recognised Organ of the Con- servative Party, and enjoys a large and high-class circulation, patronised extensively by the Farmers, and circulating generally throughout the County ; its subscribers also include Men of many of the most influential Families in Berks, Hants, Dorset, Somerset and Devon.” The paper, always sensitive to the political situation and apt to progress most success- fully during acute party controversy or under a Conservative government, increased its “‘ large circulation” when the Home Rule question became acute in 1886, and also during the first ministry of Lord Salisbury. In June 1887 took place the amalgamation with The South Wilts Express already referred to, of the old Conservative with the newer quasi-Conserva- tive paper ; an amalgamation which seems a reflection in local newspaper politics of the great ideals of consolidation so brilliantly manifested in Queen Victoria's first jubilee. The paper was in future headed Zhe Wilt- shire County Mirror and Express, and there issued from its offices, in 1889, ' To-day the Salvation Army Hostel. ? See Edward Roe’s bill-heads for this year. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 499 Edward Roe’s nicely planned and printed Wilts County Council Record } which ran until July 1890. The Roe proprietorship had remained unbroken since 1874, bat in the *nineties The Mirror entered on a new and final phase in its long and some- what varied career. Two Liberal cabinets had succeeded the first Salisbury administration, while in the local newspaper world the Liberal weekly, The Salisbury Times, had now an assured position, and the policy of The Salis- bury Journal, Unionist certainly since 1886, but Liberal Unionist rather than Conservative, and still ‘independent of party influences,” was not entirely to the taste of leading Salisbury Conservatives. It was felt, especially after the general election of July, 1895,and the second return te power of Lord Salisbury, that a real party paper, run by the local Con- servative party itself, was a necessity. This feeling resulted in the forma- tion, in 1897, of ‘‘ The Wiltshire County Mirror and Express Newspaper Company, Limited,” with Messrs. Edward Roe (chairman), Henry Allhusen M.P.,? William Pinckney, Francis Hodding and J. Read Roe as Directors (the latter acting as Managing Director). Mr. Edward Roe, who still carried on the bookseller’s business at No. 1, Queen Street, and Mr. Read Roe were sons of the dward Roe who had started the family’s newspaper ventures in Salisbury in 1854, and had been SONATE the paper since their father’s death. The prospectus of the new Company again provides some interesting particulars as to the paper. A “large and increasing Publishing and Print- ing Business” is referred to, the Offices issuing, among other publications, ‘The Philatelic Journal of Great Britain,” ‘The Hampshire Down Flock Book,” ‘“‘ The British Berkshire Society’s Herd Book,” ‘‘ The Herd Book of the National Pig Breeders’ Association,’ and the Official Catalogues for most of the importance Arvicultural Societies’ Shows. And it is also noted that ‘‘ Mr. Alfred C. Harmsworth, of Zhe Daisy Mail, etc. . . . has acquired an interest in the Company.” ‘The purchase price was fixed at £10,000 (a contrast with the modest £1,700 of 1873), in preference and ordinary Shares, which was not however fully subscribed, and the Com- pany was to take over the business as from the 1st of January, 1897. The new Company was not wholly fortunate in its first years of manage- ment. Mr. Read Roe’s relations with the Directors were not happy, and by the close of 1899 he had ceased to act for them in any way. His place was taken by Mr. George Yates, who came to Salisbury from Bath (where he had been Editor of The Bath Chronicle) in the early autumn of 1900, taking up work as Editor-Manager on the eve of the general election in that year, and continuing to edit the paper until its demise in 1911. The late Mr. William Pinckney was, in 1900, one of the most active and interested of the Directors, and Mr. Charles Godwin was secretary of the Company. The new member for the city, Mr. (afterwards Sir) Walter Palmer, was also helping to finance Zhe Mirror, which continued to run 1 See part (c) of Section III., “ Literary and other Salisbury papers of the nineteenth century.” 2 Member since January, 1897, in place of Mr. E. H. Hulse, who then re- signed his seat. VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. ou 500 Wiltshire Newspapers—Past and Present. under the 1897 Company until 1906, when it was wound up, and a new one formed, the late Mr. Edward Waters, Mr. J. A. Folliott, and Mr. J. T. Woolley (who afterwards resigned) being among the Directors. The Company of 1906 was faced with the running of a Conservative paper, at an election crisis, on insufficient capital. The defeat of Sir Walter Palmer in January, 1906, and his subsequent adoption, in September, 1907, as Conservative candidate for South Wilts, led him to form the resolution of reducing the paper to a halfpenny. This was contrary to the wishes of © the other Directors, but Sir Walter Palmer, acting on expert advice from London, assumed sole responsibility, and The Mirror in 1907 issued two editions, a Tuesday edition at a halfpenny and a Saturday one at 1d., this continuing until October 6th, 1908, after which date two halfpenny editions, Tuesday and Friday, appeared until the paper’s demise. Then came Sir Walter’s unexpected death in April, 1910, and The Mirror passed into the hands of the Wessex Associated Press. The last number, No. 5451, Vol, 80,! appeared on Thursday, November 2nd, 1911, ‘Printed and Published by George Yates for the South Wilts Newspaper Company, Limited, at the Offices of the Company on the Canal ” ; and it was incorporated with The Wiltshire News,?which to-day recapitulates in its full title those of the earlier Salisbury papers absorbed from time to time by Zhe Mirror. Its epitaph was the brief leader in the final number, which stated, with a dignified simplicity more impressive than elaborate valedictions, that “to those responsible for its :production for the past eleven years its passing is a subject of regret.” The Canal premises became the branch offices of The Bath and Wilts Chronicle, and for some time a copy of the daily paper was sent from Bath to Salisbury and a small weekly edition issued, an edition of The Wiltshire News also appearing from the Salisbury address. But eventually these publications at Salisbury ceased, and the offices were sold by the bank who had long been owners or mortgagees. The Mirror had in fact outlived its necessity. The leading Gonservatines in Salisbury now realised that in The Salisbury and Winchester Journal, with its Unionist policy (strengthened and more definitely combined with Imperialism within the last two decades), impartial attitude towards general politics, and thorough reporting, they had an adequate, if a non-party, local paper, and were glad to sever their connection with a journal whose finances had for some years been far from satisfactory. But whatever The dftrror’s difficulties, political and financial, had been for the last twelve years of its existence, its editing had sprnninmned throughout the highest journalistic level ; and Slimene of both political parties combined in offering to its departing Editor, Mr. Yates, a testimonial on his departure, and in expressing their “admiration of the manner in which he had con- ducted The Wilts County Mirror.” Their generous tributes to Mr. Yates’s editorship form, perhaps, a fitting appendix to the history of the old Conservative paper, which had first appeared as a daring Tory effort, launched in an overpoweringly Whig city, and had ended, after a hard-fought 1 British Museum. 2 See Mr. J. J. Slade’s article in Walts Arch. Mag., xl., 65—6. By Mrs. Herbert Richardson. 501 struggle against adverse circumstances, not without dignity, and with something of the old courage with which it had begun. The writer has been much indebted to the kindness of the following :— Mr. John C. Hudson, for access to the files of The Salisbury Times, and for reading the MS. of the first part of this article: Major C. G. Bennett, for access to old Salisbury Journals; Mr. Hedley C. Moody, and Mr. William Wells, for information as to earlier years of The Salisbury Times ; Mr. Francis Hodding and Mr. George Yates for information as to various points in the history of Zhe Wilts County Mirror and for reading the MS. of the second part of this article; Mr. F, Stevens, F.S8.A., for access to papers in the Blackmore Museum, at Salisbury; Mr. Frank Highman, for information as to The New Sarum Punch; the authorities in the News- paper Room and Hendon Repository of the British Museum (particularly to Mr. Daniel Baxter); and to many friends whose recollections of nine- teenth century Salisbury and loans of early Salisbury papers have been of the greatest assistance. 2M 2 502 KING'S BOWOOD PARK [No. II.}} By Tue EArt oF KERRY. Sir Orlando Bridgeman died in 1674. He had, in 1667, changed the appointment of Lord Chief Justice for that of Keeper of the Great Seal, and in these high offices he earned an honourable reputation. It appears, however, to have been otherwise with the members of his family, with whom, in regard to Bowood, we are more particularly concerned. Of them it was written that :— ‘“They were very ill qualified for that ‘place, his lady being amost violent intriguess in business, and his sons kept no decorum whilst they practised under him. He had not the vigour of mind and strength to coerce the cause of so much disorder in his family.” ? Notwithstanding these regrettable shortcomings, the Bridgemans,—not without the assistance of the head of the family,—flourished exceedingly. The Lord Keeper, besides those lands which he inherited, had acquired considerable estates by purchase ; he moreover secured two baronetcies, of which the second carried a special remainder to the children of his marriage with Dorothea Saunders. John and Orlando Bridgeman thus found them- selves at his death handsomely provided for, Francis, the third son, was not forgotten; to him Sir Orlando made over inter vevos his interest in Bowood,’ and soon afterwards he was raised to the dignity of knighthood. The transactions in relation to Bowood which followed the Lord Keeper’s death, were of a somewhat complicated nature; they may perhaps, be more easily followed if we here give a table of Sir Orlando’s immediate des- cendants :— . 1 Continued from xli., 423. * North: Life of Lord Keeper Guildford, § 128. 3 Will of Sir Orlando Bridgeman. King’s Bowood Park. 503 BRIDGEMAN PEDIGREE. Judith 1627 1648 Dorothy Kynaston = Orlando Bridgeman = Saunders (1609—1674) Ld. Chief Baron of the Exchequer & Ld.Chief Justice, 1660. Ld. Keeper of the Gt. Seal, 1667. Created Baronet, 1660 and a second patent with remainder to the children of his second marriage, 1673. Sir John Bridgeman, Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Sir Francis Bridgeman, 2nd Bart., Ist Bart. (of Ridley), Sergeant-at-law, (1631—1710). 1649—1701. Knighted 1673, d. 1717. = Susanna,d. of Sir R. Baker, of London, M.D. | | i Sir John Orlando Sir Orlando Bridgeman =Frances Dashwood, Bridgeman, Bridgeman, 2nd Bart. (of Ridley), of Wickham. ard ae of Clifton. 1679—1745. a Pe | Sir Orlando Francis Bridgeman, Mary, | Bridgeman, 4th Bart. 17183—1740. d.s. p. d. unmarried, Sir Henry Bridgeman, 5th Bart. Baron Bradford, 1794. (ancestor of Earls of Bradford). Sir Orlando had not been long in his grave, when, as we learn from the State Papers, there appeared one William Legge! as a petitioner for a reversionary lease “at some small rent” of Bowood Park, which it would seem had now become part of the jointure given to Queen Catherine (of Braganza), “who has power to fill up the lives during her life.”? Legge went so far as to obtain a “ Royal warrant for a great seal” for a lease of 99 years, but he reckoned without the widow. Lady Bridgeman at once _ launched a counter petition,’ and after both had been heard with all due _ formalities, Dame Dorothea emerged triumphant with a ‘great seal’ and _ a 99 years’ lease,‘ and Legge henceforward disappears from the scene. 1 Tt would seem that this must have been William Legge, Ist Earl of Dartmouth, the grandson of the noted Royalist, Colonel William Legge. | The latter died in 1672 and the former was born in the same year, but since _ the reversionary lease was unlikely to become operative for a considerable period, it may well have been claimed on the infant Legge’s behalf with a view to future possibilities. wie 2'§.P. Dom., Car. II., 362, Nos. 33 and 257. 3 Dec., 1674. Cal. Treas. Books (1672—1678) p. 625. 4 Rot. Pat. 27 Car. II, (May, 1675). 504 King's Bowood Park. There must have been a temporary estrangement at this time between Lady Bridgeman and her own offspring, for shortly afterwards! she made over her lease, not, as might be expected, to Orlando or Francis, but to her stepson, now Sir John of the elder branch. It was no doubt during Francis Bridgeman’s tenure of Bowood that he established at Queen’s College Oxford, two exhibitions, which were later the subject of much controversy, for the benefit of boys who had been educated in the Free School of Calne.2 Curiously enough, however, we | find no further mention of him either in public or private records. It is known that he was a staunch Royalist, and that refusing to acknowledge King William of Orange, he went abroad on the accession of this Prince - and never returned to England. It would seem that he made over his interest to his brother, Sir Orlando (I.) of Ridley, for it is the son of the latter (Orlando [II.] of Ridley) who appears as the grantee of a new lease for 56 years made in 1702 by Catherine, the Queen Dowager, widow of Charles the Second. Sir Orlando (II.) next proceeded to acquire from his cousins, John and Orlando,’ the reversionary lease which had descended to them from their father, Sir John, of Castle Bromwich, and thus found himself at last in full (leasehold) possession of Bowood, though the ultimate reversion still — resided in the Crown. This also he eventually acquired. Sir Orlando had influence at Court ; he had been for some years a Commissioner of Trade as well as Auditor General to the Prince of Wales, and not long before the latter succeeded to the throne as George II. we find a bill enabling the King to part with this property,® followed by a Royal Grant by which the fee simple was transferred to Bridgeman for a sum of £486 12s. ; the Crown rent of £30 per annum to continue.® Meanwhile a new house had been, or was being, built at Bowood. This was on the site of the hunting lodge,previously known as the ‘ Lower Lodge,’ or ‘Old Lodge,’ to distinguish it from the ‘Rangers’ or ‘New’ Lodge, which had been erected where the Home Farm now stands.’ Sir Orlando was for many years a Member of Parliament, and sat as the representative of the Borough of Calne from 1715 to 1722. It seems probable that he lived for a time in the Old Lodge, and that the new building was commenced about 1722 and continued in the years succeeding. Subse- quent evidence, however, shows that it was never really completed,° 11677. The transaction is recorded in an xviiith century /nventory of documents, Bowood MSS. 2The date of this endowment cannot have been ‘about 1734,’ as stated in Marsh’s History of Calne, for Francis Bridgeman had then been dead for seventeen years. It was more probably about the year 1680. 3 This lease is recited in the grant of 1727. 4 Inventory of documents, Bowood MSS. 5 Private Acts, 12 George I. (1726). 6 Rot. Pat., 13 George I., Part iv., No. 19 (1727). 7 y, Perambulation of 1683, supra (Part L.). 8 See John Bull’s ‘ Particular’ infra. the eldest son of the purchaser of Bowood ; she died 1771. By the Earl of Kerry. 505 and the reason no doubt is to be found in the financial difficulties which now began to beset Sir Orlando and ultimately proved his undoing. In the papers at Bowood we find mention of a succession of mortgages, beginning immediately after the purchase in 1712 by Sir Orlando of his cousin’s reversionary interest, and ending with one for a sum of £10,000 in 1735. The estate must have soon afterwards become bankrupt, and in 1737 Chancery proceedings were initiated, though Bridgeman did not wait to see their conclusion. He was givena West Indian Governorship—a class of appointment at that time not infrequently made use of for the purpose of assisting needy friends of the Court—but before he had taken up his post he suddenly disappeared and it was announced that he had been drowned by misadventure in the Thames. There is, however, another version of his end, which we will give, as set down nearly thirty years later, by Sophia, Lady Shelburne,! in the diary in which she faithfully noted every event of her short married life. It may be noted that Lord and Lady Shelburne were on their honeymoon at the time and that Dr. Hort had himself performed the marriage ceremony only two days previously :— ‘““ After supper Dr. Hort told us the melancholy story of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, to whom Bowood formerly belonged, and from whose family the late Lord Shelburne purchased it. Sir Orlando had a wife and son and daughter, all very amiable. Sir Orlando was appointed to go as Governor to Barbadoes, but he had distressed his circumstances so much that he found it impossible, and growing desperate went into his closet and wrote a farewell letter to Lady Bridgeman and to his son, and one to the King to state his case, and to recommend his family to his protection. After he was missed, these letters were found, and his family making all the search they could after him, found clothes which they knew to be his, lying by the side of a river, and after drawing it for a great while, a corpse which they supposed to be him, tho’ dis- figured by lying so long under water. The family were then satisfied of their misfortune ; all his effects were sold, and the son dying soon after, left Lady Bridgeman with only her daughter to partake of her distress. At some distance of time there came a beggar man to the town of Oxford, and desired to speak to some particular person in it, to whom he discovered himself to be Sir Orlando Bridgeman and said that he had wrote those letters, and gone to the water side with the design of drowning himself, which, however, he had not been able to resolve upon. Desiring that this might be told to his family whom he wanted to see, but who had no means of relieving him and being found out, he was confined in the gaol at Gloucester, where he ended his life.” Miss Bridgeman died young,and is supposed to have been hastened (sec) by her grief at this melancholy fate of her family.” ® 1 Daughter of Lord Carteret and first wife of William Lord Shelburne ? 2 2.e. Committed suicide. 3 Feb., 1765. 506 King’s Bowood Park. Dr. Hort was a Wiltshireman ' and the story which he repeated to Lady Shelburne was no doubt that which passed current in the county at the time ; the official version of Sir Orlando’s end in 1738 has nevertheless held the field. The compiler of the contemporary baronetage? seems to have had doubts, for no mention of Bridgeman’s death is made therein, but it has. only recently transpired that an entry (hitherto unexplained) recording the burial of “Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Knight and Baronet,” on December 5th, 1745, exists in the parish register of St. Nicholas, Gloucester.2 Lady Shelburne’s strange tale is thus corroborated, and it seems that the un- — fortunate baronet must have wandered about the country incognito for no less than seven years between his first attempt at suicide in 1738 and the final tragedy in Gloucester Gaol. . Francis Bridgeman, Sir Orlando’s only son, died in the West Indies in 1740, and Mary, his daughter, according to the above account, did not long survive her father. The Bowood branch of the Bridgeman family thus. came to an end. The Decree in Chancery had been pronounced in 1739,‘ and not long afterwards we find “ John Bull of Calne, in the County of Wilts, gentleman,” appointed as Receiver of the property on behalf of the Court. The principal creditor was one Richard Long, and by means of a legal process then in vogue, after bidding a sum of £12,000 he was ‘declared the best purchaser’ of the estate. He then by another legal fiction ‘suffered a. recovery, and was thus put in a position to dispose of the property, which he decided to sell for the sum of £10,000. An advertisement or ‘ Particular’ of Bowood Park, several copies of which are amongst the Bowood papers, was now prepared and circulated by John Bull. It is interesting as affording the only indication of the house as existing previous to the extensive building operations undertaken by John, Lord Shelburne and his successor :— “A Particular of Bowood Park in the Hundred of Calne in the County of Wilts, late belonging to Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Bart., deceased & now to Richard Long Esq. By measure about 900 acres,* lying 1 In the Bowood papers we find a reference to one Robert Hort, blacksmith, of Calne, as the purchaser of the Buckhill Estate in 1672. The Hort family seem to have been closely related to the Shelburnes. Josiah Hort, Arch- bishop of Tuam, who is stated (Dict. Nat. Biog.) to have been born at Marshfield, was aclose friend of Shelburne’s father, and married his sister- in-law. ‘The family correspondence shows that Henry Lord Shelburne very nearly married a Miss Hort a few years before his death in 1751. ‘This. Dr. (Robert) Hort, (who subsequently became a Canon of Windsor) appears to have been resident in Calne, and to have been instrumental in assisting John Lord Shelburne in his purchase of Bowood. 2 The English Baronetage (published in 1741). 3 The Complete Baronetage, 1910. * Bowood MS. 5 A survey of the park made ten years later shows that its area was in 960 acres, 7.e., the same as when surveyed in 1653. (See Part I.). By the Earl of Kerry. 507 contiguous intire and in good repair ; two miles from Calne, three from Chippenham & five from Devizes,’ all Borough & Market Towns. A new built capital messuage, stone built and stokood (szc), pleasantly situated and well finished (except the grand staircase and two chimney pieces) with all convenient offices, stables, coachhouses, dovehouse, orchards, and gardens: partly walled in and planted with the best fruits, a wilderness, cascades and reservoirs of water stored with fish and a small warren. The house may be enlarged if necessary by adding a wing at the back of ye parlours, which will make it regular and uniform with ye wing on the side where the kitchen is.” The above details are supplemented by a letter of Mr. Bull’s, in which it is stated that :— “The house has not been built 30 years? and is a very good one. There is on the ground floor a large kitchen, servants hall,housekeeper’s room, butler’s pantry, a common parlour, a large parlour, two drawing- rooms, a study and a hall paved with Portland and Bremen stone—the | chambers over are well proportioned and all have convenient closets, | and the attic story and garrets are extreme good lodging rooms. ‘The | cellars are very dry. the coachhouse large, and stabling for over 30 | horses . . . The brew house, wash house, stables, coach house, and other offices are on the north.” The ‘ Particular’ continues :— ‘Lands on hand, but when last lett were at ye following rents :— New Lodge; a House Barn, Stable, & Lands 81 5 O Philpott Lands 20 0 O Bradfields—a House, Barn Stable & Lands, exclusive of what Robt. Holly occapyed 47 10 0 Upper Hollowes—Lands © AN 0) © Frys . Lands 43 0 0 205 15 O The Grass plantation ZO © Monks Hill 210 0 Woodlands & Coppices abt. 70 acres 50! On 0 Total on hand besides the House, etc. AS 0) | 1 John Bull seems to have been somewhat ill informed as to figures and | distances ! | ? This gives the date of the Bridgeman building as about 1725. 508 King’s Bowood Park. “ Lands that are tenanted. Robt. Hiscock for a House Barn, Stable & Lands 45 0 0 Mathew Goffe for do. 200 0710 Thos. Granger for do. 18 0 0 Joseph Blissett for a Barn & Lands 20 0 0 John Clare for do. 3200 James Kington for Lands 7 0 0 William Shadwell for do. A OG) William Gregory for do. 8 0 0 Robert Holly for do. 30 0 O do. for part of Bradfields ; 5s 1070 Robert West 410 0 193 10 O The Timber & present growth of ye Coppice to be valued The Reversion of Littles Leaze, 6d. paid, held by Charles Webb for his own life and his wife’s & both of them being about 85 years old at 6d. rent : N.B.—There is paid out of this Estate a rent to ye Crown, paid 30 0 0 Also for the great tythes of ye several farms,paid to the Lessees of the Dean & Chapter of Salisbury 30-0 0 Tythe also is claymed by ye sd. Lessees for the Coppices when cuit at 2d. in the pound for what the wood is sold for, and it has been sometimes paid & sometimes refused 5) Ow.0 There is also paid a modus to ye Vicar of Calne, paid at Michas 2 0.0 The Estate is Extraparochial! & pays no Taxes to’ Church, poor, or Highways & abt. £9. 8. 8 for Land Tax at 2d. in the pound Ge Siaas The Window Tax paid about 5 0 0 86-8 78 There is at Bowood a curious old painting of the Bridgeman house, as described in the above ‘Particular.’ It shows a building, in the severer style of the Georgian period, and corresponding with the principal block of the existing house, though without any portico or other adornment. In the place of the present twin court-yards on the north of the new building, there is shown a structure with mullioned windows, which would appear to have been anterior to Bridgeman’s time, and possibly was part of the ‘Old Lodge.’ The northern front is not visible in the picture ; it is 1 je, a “ Liberty,” which Bowood remained till the xix century. By the Earl of Kerry. — ~—909 clear, however, from John Bull’s account, that the house was not then square, as now, but that it had a wing on one side, projecting northwards. No purchaser seems, at first, to have come forward, but in the summer of 1753 John Bull was well advanced in negotiations with a Mr. Gibson, “a gentleman lately arrived from ye West Indies,but originally of this county,”? when a rival appeared upon the scene. John Fitzmaurice, Earl of Shelburne, was a grandson of Sir William Petty, the author of the Down Survey of Ireland, whose only daughter, Anne, had married Shelburne’s father, the Earl of Kerry. Petty had left a considerable fortune, mainly in Irish real estate. This passed in the first instance to his two sons, Charles and Henry, who were each in turn created Lord Shelburne. Neither, however left a male heir, though Henry Lord Shelburne had a son, as well as a grandson, who predeceased him. His possessions, therefore, passed at his death to the family of his sister Anne, whose eldest son had already succeeded to the Fitzmaurice estates as second Harl of Kerry. Her second son, John Fitzmaurice, was, therefore, selected as heir, and found himself in 1751 the possessor of a house in London, another at High Wycombe,’ and a third in Dublin, with a fortune estimated at something over £300,000, while the Shelburne title was shortly afterwards revived in his favour. One of the conditions of the will was that the income arising from the bequest should be invested in the purchase of landed estate, and the new Lord Shelburne soon after his succession, and probably on the advice of Dr. Hort, bought for £57,500 the Manor of Bremhill.? From John Wesley’s diary we learn that the Shelburnes were already living in Wiltshire in 1753, for Wesley recounts how when on a mission in that county he was called in to administer spiritual consolation to their daughter, who was ill with consumption and shortly afterwards died in the arms of his brother Charles.*| The correspondence indicates that it was the Bremhill purchase which had brought Shelburne into the county, and that it was only then that he first contemplated the further acquisition of Bowood. John Bull was agent for both estates, and the sale soon went through. Mr. Gibson, of the West Indies, retired or was outbidden, and after the signing of the pre- liminary articles of agreement in November, 1753, the transfer from Long to Shelburne was completed on Jan. Ist, 1754. It is clear that the Bridgeman building, if ever inhabited before 1754, had been untenanted during the Chancery proceedings and the years pre- | ceding its purchase by Lord Shelburne, and since it still apparently lacked _ its staircase, and some of its chimney pieces,’ it can scarcely have been a _ very desirable residence. Lord Shelburne, however, soon proceeded to remedy these defects and embarked at the same time on considerable 1 John Bull to Shelburne, 1753. | # Loakes House (now Wycombe Abbey) had been bought by Henry, Lord ’ Shelburne, at the beginning of the century. | This estate then belonged to the Bayntun family. It appears to have ’ been heavily encumbered and the purchase was made not from the Bayntuns but from the mortgagees. 4 She was one of three daughters who all died young. ® Vide the ‘ Particular’ above: 510 _ King’s Bowood Park. additions to the building. Nothing was known of the scope of the work carried out in his time, until a few years ago the chance discovery of the architect’s bill revealed the fact that his name was Henry Keene and that a sum of more than £20,000 was spent under his direction at Bowood. Keene was then quite a young man, but had already done some good work at Oxford, which continued to be the principal field of his labours. He was responsible, inter alia, for part of Magdalen College, ‘ Fisher’s Building,’ at Balliol, Worcester College, and for the Radcliffe Infirmary and Observatory.! Perhaps as good an example of his work as any, is to be seen in the Town Hall at High Wycombe, which was designed for Shelburne about the same time as the new building at Bowood. Shelburne’s letters tell us something of the progress of the work. In the summer of 1755 he informs his son, Lord Fitzmaurice (then an undergraduate at Christ Church, Oxford), that his house is still ‘“‘ without bed or chair.” In December of the same year he writes that Mr. Keene has approved of “Tnigo’s”? suggestion for an alteration of the stairs and the addition of aroom.”* This reference would seem to relate to the ‘grand staircase’ ; there is strong reason for believing that this was originally planned to go immediately opposite the entrance door, and that the ‘lantern’ skylight, still on s¢tw over the centre of the house, was intended to light it. ‘ Inigo’s’ plan was no doubt to move the staircase to its present position in the eastern half of the ‘Great House.’ Soon afterwards (1755) there is mention of a plan for “‘two courts of offices ”—evidently the stable court and ‘ green court’ as first built. The following year Bull writes from Calne that the buildings “ go on but slowly,” though Mr. Keene had lately been there and had engaged a new mason in the place of Mr. Button, whom he found “a little backward”: he continues :—‘‘as to a place for yourself or anyone else it is not at present to be had at Bowood, as it rains into every chamber through the copper covering . . . Everything about Bowood is at present in Deshabil, but if yr Lordshipp could spare time for a few days it. cannot but be proper you should see what has been doeing there since you left it . . . We have a well aired bedd at your service, and good fires; some good candlesticks as our friend ye Dr. rates it. Old port and a bottle of claret into ye bargain shall be every day onthe table. ‘The time for eating, drinking, and sleeping shall be suited to your lordship’s con- vendenoy (ons 9 There follows a gap of several years in the correspondence and it is only in Shelburne’s last letter to his son, written a few weeks before his death, that | we find a further reference to Keene’s work, which had evidently been far from satisfactory :—“ Tell me what post it is that Mr. Keene has got (of honour and near the person of Lord Halifax in Ireland, for so’he phrases it), for since he has obtained the post he refuses to answer the letter which I wrote to him to remedie a defect of such consequence in this house, that 1 Dict. Nat. Biography. 2 This budding architect would appear to have been a college friend of Fitzmaurice’s. 3 Shelburne to Fitzmaurice, Dec. 3rd, 1755. * Bull to Shelburne, Dec. 25th, 1756. By the Earl of Kerry. 511 I fear the largest room I have in it will tumble, and the whole, without a speedy remedy, go to ruin.” ! It may be surmised that Keene remained in Ireland, and that the defect, which so much exercised the mind of his employer, was not remedied by him, for soon after the death of John Lord Shelburne, Keene’s final account » for the work done at Bowood was presented for payment :— ‘“ From Sepr. Ist, 1755, to Feby, 1760. Bowoop. Surveying, Designing, making drawings for, giving directions, & attending the Execution of the several works done in & about the buildings at his Lordship’s Seat in Wiltshire, making fair drawings for his Lordship, & the several necessary drawings at large for the various Workmen. Amounting per Workmens bills, Merchants do., Materials, & other Expences to the sum of 18500 at 5 P. Ct. £925 0 0 Extraordinary time & Expences in 18 Journeys to Bowood & Carriage : Viz. 3 days lost, travelling up & down 3, 3. O Carriage to & fro’ 2. 10. O | Expences Leeks 0 eee | Making each time at the least 7. 0. O £126 0 0 Do. riding at Sundry times after Timber, Deals, wainscot &c. (his Lordship finding those materials himself) to Box Quarrys after stone &c., and to Bath after Portico sent to Ireland? Time, Expence & Carriage £25 O O Extra Expences, attending Measurements & settlg. the Accounts at Bowood; Self & Clerk being oblig’d to keep house thereat those times when the workmen attended there for that Purpose—at Sundry Times during 5 years £60 O O Designing: & making drawing for several matters not yet Executed, viz., Garden, Principal Lodge Gateway, &c., for East Wall of Garden. Finishing for same, Hall, &c. Do. for Arcades, Piers, & finishing Stable & Kitchen Courts, with the Drawings & Di- rections for the Workmen for the same £30 0 0 (There follows the charge for other building done at Loakes House, the Church, and the Town Hall, High Wycombe, and for Lord Shelburne’s housein London). 1 Shelburne to Fitzmaurice, April 25th, 1761. 27.e., for Shelburne’s house in St. Stephens Green, Dublin, which stood on the site of the present Shelburne Hotel. — 512 King’s Bowood Park. From the above, with the evidence derived from later letters, an idea can be formed of the extent of Keene’s work. It is clear that he was responsible for the two courtyards, including the ‘Little house’ which forms the eastern side of that block of buildings. The courts were originally open to the south and were intended to have arcades or colonnades running round them. The pilasters which were designed to carry the roof of this arcade can be seen inset in the walls of the courtyards, but it was never finished. Keene probably also built (or began) the ‘Great Room,’ or dining room, in the Great house, and the ‘ North-East-corner Room,’ now known as the ‘King’s room ’—though these, with the front hall, were, as we shall see afterwards, altered beyond recognition by the Adam brothers. Lastly, the bows on either side of the front portico must have been added, under his superintendence, to the south front, for these are not to be seen in the picture of Bridgeman’s house to which reference has been made. William Earl of Shelburne (1737—1805) was, at the time of his succession, 24 years of age. He had spent two years (1755—57) at Christ Church, Oxford, and three more (1757—1760) in military service, not without dis- tinction.! He had (in June, 1760) been returned member for the Borough of Wycombe: thus embarking on the political career, which twenty-two years later was to place him for a short time at the head of the Government of the day. Bowood was left to his mother, though, by a family arrangement it was sold to her son a few months later, at a valuation of £15,000. Shelburne was evidently not too well satisfied with the transaction, and his complaints to the family solicitor called forth this somewhat instructive comment :— ‘“‘T suppose it is a dear purchase for anybody, but your Lordship’s father laid out £30,000 very ill, I believe. Plowing in a park produces very little profit to the owner.” ? | It was during the tenure of the Dowager Lady that the Adam brothers | were first employed at Bowood. Amongst the collection of their drawings at the Soane Museum ® may be seen three plans for a Mausoleum at Bowood. These are marked ‘‘ For the Countess of Shelburne: 1760,” but it would seem probable that the date may have been incorrectly added, for John Lord Shelburne died a comparatively young man and the burial place can hardly have been begun until after his death in the following year. It is noticeable that the Mausoleum, as built,is in the most classical Adam style,and a much less pretentious structure than those first planned. It bears a curious re- semblance, in its general lines, to a monument erected twenty years earlier near Lixnaw, in Co. Kerry, by Lady Shelburne’s brother-in-law, the 1st Earl of Kerry. She was herself a Fitzmaurice, and it is not unlikely that she insisted that Messrs. Adam should erect for her a tomb similar to that with which she had been familiar in her native county. From young Lady ‘ He was first in Colonel Kingsley’s Regiment, then in the 20th Regiment, and finally in the ‘3rd Guards’: becoming Colonel in 1760 and General in © 1765. Promotion in those days was sometimes very rapid ! 2 Wilmot to Shelburne, 1765. 3 This collection contains drawings for most of the Adam work at Bowood | and at Shelburne House. By the Earl of Kerry. — 513 Shelburne’s diary we learn that the Bowood Mausoleum was finished about 1765. The beautiful marble sarcophagus which it contains was the work of Carlini, the well-known sculptor, but this was not completed till some years later, for we find that in 1769 it was seen for the first time by Lady Charlotte Colthurst, sister of the late Lord. The new Lord Shelburne had not been long in possession before he began to revolve plans for fresh alterations in the house which he was to make his home. The Adams provided the designs, but the work was executed under the directions of Holland, the builder, with a clerk-of-the- works, named Featherstone, to assist him. Henry Holland was the father of a better-known architect of the same name, who, at a later date, was to carry out the reconstruction of Carlton House, Pall Mall, for the eldest son of George III. The brothers Adam had large ideas, in which it would apear Lord Shelburne was inclined to share, and their first project was one for the extention of the existing ‘Great’ house in a lateral direction, thereby giving it a long straight frontage facing south, of something more than 250 feet. Thereis amongst the Bowood papers a carefully-executed plan and elevation for the scheme, which, though it has neither date nor signature, must be attributed to this period. It would appear that it was in contem- plation to remove or conceal the top story of the existing house, and to alter many of its interior divisions, while a vast portico was to be added, in the _ centre of the new building, which would have been somewhere about the | middle of the present lower terrace. How all this would have worked in with | Keene’s courts does not appear, and one would almost be led to think that | the plan was made before its author had studied the problem on the spot. _ Thescheme, however, did not materialise,and the Adam work at Bowood was | limited at this stage to interior decoration of part of the existing building. _ The Hall, the Great Room, the East Staircase, the Cube Room, and the | North-east-Corner Room, were all thus dealt with, and the designs for | these, which are to be seen in the Soane Museum, bear date 1761 to 1763. | The element of proportion, as may be perceived from every house built | by the Adam brothers, formed not the least important part of their designs | give sufficient height to the front hall the rooms over it were cut away, leaving a ‘ mezzanine’ into which it is still possible to creep between the | ceiling and the floor above. Here can be seen the coigns of the doorways as well as the remains of the plaster work of the ceilings and doors of the rooms which were sacrificed. The evidence of Button, the builder’s, bills ‘shows that this was done in 1762. There can be little doubt that the » North-East-Corner Room, and the Cube Room, which have both a portion ‘of their height ‘borrowed’ from the floor above, were similarly treated ‘under the directions of the great architect. The chimneypieces for the rooms which were in process of decoration, appear to have received special attention, and to have cost, for those days, a& very considerable sum. They were executed by the stone masons, Benjamin and Thomas Carter, whose original estimate we here reproduce :— se 614 Kings Bowood Park. “An estimate of 4 statuary marble chimney pieces for the Rt. Honble. the Earl of Shelburne’s House at Bo-wood according to the designs of Mr. Adam :— November the 18th, 1763. “Two # collumn chimney pieces in the Corinthian order, 4ft. 6in. wide by 4ft. 3in. high each in clear, for the Great Room at Bowood. All to be done in the best statuary marble and to be executed ina workmanlike manner. ‘The grounds behind the columns & friz to be | vaneered with Brochatella marbles. The ornaments and mouldings all fully carved and pollished according to the Design of Robt. Adam Esq. “The ornaments consisting of a ‘Tablet with 5 festoons and a Head in Pattera, two trophies with urns & shields, 5 flowers with foliage in -frize, with two urns on the breaks, with 2 Corinthian Capittals to each fully enriched, and two flaroons! upon the architrave: for the sum of £276 2s. 6d. each, which is for both £555 5: O “To a Statuary Truss chimney piece for the North East corner Room at Bowood, 4ft. wide by 3ft. 9in. high in the clear, with the ornaments and mouldings richly carved and polished, according the design for £133 00 “To a Statuary Truss Chimney piece for the Square Room at Bo- wood, 3ft. 6in. square in the clear, with the ornams. and mouldings richly carved and polished, according to the Design for the sum of £106 7 0.” Carter’s marble chimney pieces were erected between the years 1765 and 1769, and are still en setw, except one of the pair made for the Great Room, which must have been subsequently removed. Most of the carved wooden chimney pieces were made before 1765 by John Linnell, who was also responsible for practically all the ‘enrichments’ on doors, windows, and architraves of the Great house. It is worthy of remark that there are no two rooms in which these are the same, and in Linnell’s bills we find each type carefully priced per foot under its peculiar designation :—‘egg d& tongue,’ ‘ruffied husk and water leaf,’ ‘shell and veined arch flower,’ ‘poor-whore’s lace,’ &c., &c. The ceilings and wall panels fell to the share of John Rose and William Snow, ornamental plasterers, whose work for Adam is well known elsewhere. There were a host of others—carpenters, gilders, plumbers, paviours, masons, &c., most of them apparently from London, though ‘he principal mason throughout was John Button, of Calne, whose great grandson, Isaac Powell, was house- carpenter for nearly half a century in the house which his ancestor had done so much to build. Every detail relating to the work carried out may be found in the accounts, which were all sent in and settled through Holland, over £6,000 being thus spent before the latter was dismissed. The Adam charges for these earlier designs are no longer extant, though Lord Shelburne’s cheque books reveal the fact that sums amounting to a at least £2,500 were paid to Robert Adam between September, 1762, and November, 1763 : we have, however, no means of ascertaining how these ~ . 1 Flowers—French ‘ Fleurons.’ By the Earl of Kerry. 515 payments should be allocated as between the various designs which the brothers provided. Of outside work the portico was the only important feature undertaken before 1765. Mr. Twopenny, an intimate friend of the 3rd Lord Lansdowne, left a private memoir concerning him and Bowood in which he states that this had been added by Adam to counteract the effect of the bows on the south facade,which the architect considered unsightly. Amongst the Adam drawings in the Soane Museum there is a rough ‘Thumb-nail’ sketch showing his ideas as to the treatment of this facade,and a charge for ‘fourteen stone bases and plinths sent to Bowood’ in 1761, evidently refers to the new portico, though its columns to-day only number ten. There was some hitch in ' the plans for this work ; in 1763 the clerk of the works writes that instruc- tions for its erection were still being awaited, though soon after Mr. Gaby informs Lord Shelburne that “ the portico is almost finished and the plasterers are getting in upon the North-East-Corner stable, till the carpenters are ready for them in the Great Room.” There was apparently yet a further change, for we find that between 1769 and 1773 the whole of the columns were ‘raised’ by John Button, the mason, ‘under Mr. Adam’s directions.’ Shelburne had no lack of advisers. ‘To one of these, Cipriani the painter, he has left an eloquent tribute, in a letter written to Bartolozzi just after the artist’s death :—‘‘I had a great affection and esteem for him. His fame I have no doubt will rise as an artist after his death. He will now have the advantage which only belongs to the dead—to undergo a firm and unprejudiced judgement, but his works deserve immortality, and you have given it to them.” ! At Lansdowne House several of Cipriani’s pictures are inset in the deco- rative panels placed there by Adam, and some frescoes in grasazlle by Rigaud were executed under his directions. Of his influence at Bowood there is not much direct evidence, but we find that he went there in company with Holland, the builder, as early as 1761, and there can be little doubt that he was much consulted throughout. Lady Shelburne in her diary tells us that his advice was sought even on the question of the colour for Lord Shelburne’s new state coach ! Among the oil paintings now at Bowood there is a set of framed ‘ me- dallion’ pictures, attributed to this artist, and clearly intended for the orna- mentation of a ceiling. There seems every probability that they were once in that of the library or of the drawing room ; and that they were removed when these rooms were redecorated in the 19th century. Another opinion often called in aid was that of ‘Hamilton of Painshill.’ The Hon. Charles Hamilton was the fourth son of James, Earl of Abercorn, and brother to the Lady Archibald Hamilton, who earned unenviable notoriety through her connection with Frederick, Prince of Wales. Hamilton was a member of the Irish Parliament (he sat for Strabane, Co. Tyrone), but he devoted his time to the making and beautifying of Painshill, his place in Surrey. He was one of the earliest patrons of the Adam Brothers, who in 1761 designed for him a Temple of Bacchus.2 Only a few of ' Shelburne to Bartolozzi. December 17th, 1785. 2 The sketch for this temple is in the Soane Museum. VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. 2N ~_ 516 _ King’s Bowood Park. his later letters to Shelburne are preserved, ‘but it is known that from the first he was consulted in all that went on, and on the back of the first Adam plan for Bowood, which we have mentioned above, there are some comments which are almost certainly in his handwriting. He continued to be a constant visitor at Bowood till his death. Jeremy Bentham mentions him as there in 1781, “an old man of 75 or 76,” but “‘ very cheerful and alert ”—he was then, according to the same authority, “‘ the oracle for the gardening works that are carried on here,’ while Bentham adds that “ he has been mainly employed in undoing what Capability Brown had done.” ! We must not omit the mention of one other counsellor who probably counted for a great deal in all Shelburne’s earlier schemes. Amongst the Bowood MSS. there was found a few years ago the following paper without date or signature :— ‘“‘The State of the Question.” Lord Shelburne has at present 22,500 a year, will be 2500 more; in all 25,000 a year which may produce above 20,000 a year in pocket. He pays at present 7,000 a year in annuities for life. By this means. he does not receive at present above 11,000 a year in pocket. Let us put it 10,000 a year. After payment of debts with the arrears he has perhaps 7,000 ready money in pocket. The reasonable consequences are :— 1st. No man ought to be in debt for his pleasure or the conveniences. of life; so that, after all articles are sumed up, he ought to be every year under his income, with such an estate as My Lords, a thousand pound a year. Besides he ought at least to have 5,000 ready money in pocket. 2nd. From this it follows that My Lord has not at present above 2,000 a year to lay out in buildings, for having to pay for the hiring of a house in London, he must allow 8,000 or at least 7,000, in living according to his rank. Whatever his first views may be as to this. article, the expences will amount to that sum ; with this difference, that if this is allowed and taken for granted, measures may be taken that everything may be done with’propriety, decorum, and dignity with an arrangement; if otherwise all will be mudling hugger-mugger and no. appearance of what is becoming. 3rd. The principal point of building at present, which must go on with the 2,000 a year, must be Bowood park. ‘he house and offices may and ought to be finished first, together with the Mausoleum, before the Park wallis begun. The house and offices may be done in such a manner so as to live well with perhaps 4 or 5000 pound. When the annuities for lives fall in, or deaths of people to whom he succeeds. should happen, or if My Lord follows John Bull’s advice, or if By the Earl of Kerry, 517 Townshend! finds out mines in Carey, great sums are found Of course for building a great Palace in London, finishing Bowood and even gradually building a noble house there. All this must be followed with resolution and vigour; so as no projects can possibly make an impression upon the mind. If there is any alteration, the consequences are misery, dependency, and a total destruction of the qualities of the heart and head which ought to belong to a Nobleman or Gentleman who intends to act a proper part in publick and private affairs.” There was nothing to show who it was had thus dared to express himself so freely—and so ungrammatically—but a comparison of the script with that of Shelburne’s earlier correspondents revealed the fact that the writer was General Robert Clerk, and the date must have been soon after Shelburne’s succession. Clerk was a soldier (his enemies called him an ‘adventurer’) and is best known for his share as a lieutenant in the abortive attacks upon the French coast in 1758. Shelburne, according to his own account,” fell into intimate relations with him after General Wolfe’s departure for Louisburg—an expedition in which Shelburne himself desired, but could not get leave, to take a part. Lady Shelburne’s diary shows that Clerk was constantly both at Bowood and Shelburne House. It would seem that he was one of the very few who ventured to assume the role of mentor to the young friend to whom he elsewhere writes ‘‘ I feel to you something like my son, though perhaps I have sometimes reason to be angry with you.” Clerk’s advice on this occasion at all events appears to have fallen on deaf ears, for Shelburne’s bills show that the modest limits of expenditure suggested were very soon largely exceeded. In 1765 the newly-married Lady Shelburne came for the first time to Bowood, she ‘walked through the new rooms’ and tells us:—‘‘I was much pleased with this place and found it in the state I think most agreeable, it being habitable and beautiful, though there remains to finish the offices and to form a considerable piece of water, on the head of which they are now at work. The Mausoleum remains only to be paved.” 3 For a year or two, however, little more was done in Wiltshire, for Shelburne was busy elsewhere. He had just bought a piece of ground near Hyde Park Corner, and was in treaty with Robert Adam for the erection thereon of a house, the plans for which are still in existence. But at this moment another site offered: Lord Bute, the ex-prime-minister, 1The Rev. Joseph Townsend (1739—1816), brother of ‘Alderman’ Townsend afterwards M.P. for Calne. Joseph Townsend was Rector of Pewsey and a noted geologist; he was employed by Shelburne to report on the possibility of restarting the iron mines in Co. Kerry which had been successfully worked by Sir William Petty and Shelburne’s pre- decessors. His report, which is dated April, 1762, fixes the date of this letter. 2 See his autobiography : printed in Lord Fitzmaurice’s Life of William Earl of Shelburne. 3 Diary, May 12th, 1765. 518 King’s Bowood Park. decided to part with that which he had recently acquired between Berkeley Square and the Devonshire House Gardens. Shelburne was Bute’s political ally, and before the close of the year he had acquired from his former chief both the ground and the house, which had already been commenced thereon by the Adam brothers to Lord Bute’s designs. Meanwhile at Bowood, Holland had disappeared ; he seems to have in- curred Shelburne’s displeasure owing to the manner in which he had dealt with some tenements standing on the Hyde Park Corner site, and he was not further employed. A new authority then came for a short time upon the scene in the person of one John Case, described by Lady Shelburne as ‘a mechanick ’—she adds that he was “such a very talkative man ” that the company used ‘‘ to send for him after tea for their diversion.” ! Case was engaged, in the first instance, to report upon Mr. Brown’s new pond head, then just completed, but he was afterwards allowed to estimate for various building operations about the house. None of these, however, were carried out, and his bill for designs was paid under some protest. as it would appear, by his employer. The field was now once more clear for the Adam brothers, and Lady Shelburne informs us that on the 25th August, 1768, Robert Adam dined at Shelburne house, and—after promising her a design ‘‘for a frame for her best Japan Cabinet,’ and duly admiring the pea-green covers which she had just got for the furniture of her sitting room—accompanied her husband to Bowood, where “he is to give him some plans of buildings and of joining the house and offices by an additional appartment.” ? This was the first plan for connecting up the detached block of offices built by Keene with the ‘Great house’: the only communication hitherto having been a “‘subterraneous passage” ® or tunnel which had been made when the kitchen was transferred from its original position in the main block to that in which it now stands. Adam’s plan in the Soane Museum shows that the intended junction was to be effected by means of an architectural corridor or passage running parallel to, but to the west of, the present connecting link. The original scheme seems also to have included a rearrangement of the interior of the east wing, the ground floor of which, according to the plan, was to be converted into a long gallery with semi-circular niches for statues,‘ similar in style to that which was added about the same time to Shelburne (Lansdowne) House. The plan was, however, soon laid -aside, and an alternative scheme was adopted, by which the east wing, after being in part rebuilt and refronted, was arranged as a house for Lord Shelburne’s son, Lord Fitzmaurice—then four years of age! This wing now constitutes what is known as the ‘ Little House,’ and has undergone little or no subsequent alteration. . The junction of the house and offices was eventually effected by the insertion between them of the present drawing room. This room, owing to the nature of the ground, had to be at a higher level than the main 1 Diary, March 24th, 1766. 2 Diary, Aug. 25th, 1768. ’Button’s accounts, Bowood MS. This tunnel still exists. 4 Adam’s plan at Soane Museum. By the Earl of Kerry. 519 block, and communication to it was obtained by means of an octagon staircase-hall,! which has since been replaced by the existing marble staircase. Keene’s offices, as we have seen, consisted of two three-sided courts, and Robert Adam’s plan was one for closing them in on the fourth or south side by means of a new wing. During the Italian tour which provided the inspiration for most of his subsequent work, he had been much struck by the remains of Diocletian’s great palace at Spalato, in Venetian Dalmatia, and after his return he issued, in conjunction with Clerisseau, a French architect who had accompanied him, a volume of drawings of these ruins. This formed the basis for the new building at Bowood, which, though its size and scope seem hardly to warrant so high-sounding a title, has sometimes been called the ‘ Diocletian Wing.’ The plan and elevation may be seen at the Soane Museum, and these indicate that the intention had been to place a circular dome or cupola over the centre part of the new building. In the drawing the dome has been partly erased, but it would seem that it was actually erected in the first instance, for there are are amongst John Button’s quaintly spelt accounts of this date, a number of items relating to alterations in the ‘Sentor’ building, and to the pulling down of the ‘ Doom,’ or ‘ Quppelar.’ In June, 1769, Lady Shelburne reports that “ the offices are now shutting up with a screen of buildings Mr. Adam designed for that purpose, and is further advanced than we expected.” ” (sic). The Diocletian Wing was finished in the following year. We give below the full bill of charges for this and other work, as sent in by the brothers Adam in the year 1770 :— The Right Honble. The Earl of Shelburne. Dr. To Robert and James Adam. 1766 To a plan and elevation of a Semicircular Green August 29 House and Banqueting Room in the park at Bowood 10 10 O 1768 To a Drawing of part of the Great Room Ceiling January 7 at Bowood with coloured Grounds OF 0 80 Toa Design of a Boathouse for Bowood Park ha nO, Feby. 10 To first Design of an Aqueduct Bridge over a branch of the water at Bowood 10 10 O October 1 Toan Elevation of the South Front of Offices, at Bowood park 12 12 0 To an Elevation of the East Front of Offices and building between the offices and Body of the House Ue @ To a plan of the Ground Story 33 To a plan of the Offices showing the manner of Joining them to the Body ot the House 6.620 27 Toan Elevation of a Second Design of an Aque- duct Bridge over a Branch of the Water 10 10 O 1 Soane Museum. * Diary (s2c.). 520 December 2 1769 Feby. 10 March 16 23 April 14 May 6 1770 March 31 May 16 June 15 King’s Bowood Park. To a Capital for the Columns in portico of House at Bowood as altered To a half of the Shaft of the Column at full Size To an Elevation of a Bridge with three very flatt Arches to make part of the great approach to the House To a plan of ditto To plan and Elevation of a Bridge with wooden Rails To a Cornice and Freeze a Capital and a Base at large for the Center building of Offices To a Cornice and Freeze, a Pattera, a Capital, a Base & an Impost for the Two Gateways To Cornice and Freeze, a Ballustrade, a Capital, & Base, an Impost & Archivolt for Green House To Entablature and Truss for Center Door To another plan of the Offices at Bowood with a plan of a House for Lord Fitzmaurice To a plan of the Ground Story of ditto To a Sketch of the Front of ditto To a Figur’d plan of the Ground Story of Offices (given to Mr. White) To a figur’d plan of the principal Story of Offices To another plan of the Ground Story of Offices with alterations and all the different parts mark’d To a plan of the principal Story Figur’d To a Figur’d Drawing of the principal Front To a figur’d Drawing of the Front of Passage To a Section across the Dining Room To ditto across the Greenhouse and passage To a Section across the other Greenhouse To a Drawing at large of a Dial Stand To another ditto _ To another plan of the Ground Story of Offices at Bowood To a plan of the principal Story of ditto To the plan of the Ground Story of Offices altered on one of my Lord’s own Drawings To altering plan of the principal Story To a plan of the Ground Story of Offices for execution To a plan of the principal Story of ditto for ditto To a Back Front of Library To a section across the Library oO ee se Pees @) 12 12 O 3° 3 8 Sa, 3 7 0 210 0 215 O rk 6 1010 0O 5 oO 1 1 0 Ag AL Os 8) Lt 0 19 Ke 0) 3.0 0 2 0 0 i 0 @ 1 00 1 0 0 Lr @ 1 1 0 10 0 1 0 2. 21 2 250 lL. 1-0 Yr hea 2 0 0 lL. Oe By the Earl of Kerry. 521 To a journey to Bowood in 1769 for a few days with expenses 10 10 0 £165 1 O The Banqueting Room in the Park, the Aqueduct Bridge, and the Boat- house—if ever seriously contemplated—were never built, and there are at Bowood a number of interesting drawings of Bridges, Hermitages, Foun- tains, and Garden Temples all of this time, which similarly were confined to paper. The little summer-house, in the style of a Doric Temple, which now stands on a promontory overlooking the lake, is, however, almost certainly of this period. It will be observed that the above account closes with the year 1770, though Robert Adam was then only in the early stages of his career. It was at this time that the brothers were busily engaged with their great Adelphi project. The scheme involved the reclamation of a portion of the foreshore of the River Thames, for which Parliamentary sanction had to be obtained. Shelburne, it would seem, would not support the Bill, and a difference of opinion ensued, asa result of which the Adams were henceforth no more employed either at Bowood or Shelburne House. At Bowood such work as was still necessary was carried out under the superintendence at first of the James White (mentioned above in Adam’s bill) who had succeeded Holland in 1765 when the latter fell out of favour, and afterwards under one Charles Oakford, who in his turn succeeded White. The work initiated by Adam was thus completed in a few years, and the house in 1775 stood practically as it is to-day. [Zo be continued. | Se een ee ee | ee ee. 5) ree, =D aco ft ——. s —— f, MiSs Ss = aS = ie ide er Se ae DS Sin Sea eae 7 at aie eee a SUuOLJIppo = Ad407J Fogo SS ee a Tal — b.m-6- o—6 - OIDI1D | JOMOT 4O Sul isda SN nee = sage SGV aa Y ; Os LEY (o LLI-GOLI ) {| 1h Se PV iaee q oY Eee re ata a ee a Tes ee) See Saudey W (S72! {noqv) asnoy suvwobpiig T//, King’s Bowood Park. 523 THE DEVIL'S DEN DOLMEN, CLATFORD BOTTOM. AN ACCOUNT OF THE MONUMENT AND OF WORK UNDERTAKEN IN 1921 TO STRENGTHEN THE NORTH-EAST UPRIGHT. By A. D. Passmorr. On the N. side of the Kennett Valley opposite to Clatford a small valley (Clatford Bottom) runs to the N.W. Atthe mouth of this valley and south of the river, formerly stood the curious circle formed of eight huge and roughly hewn stones seen by Aubrey and Stukeley, the sketch made by the former being reproduced by Long.! 920 yards N. of the river and in the abovementioned valley stands the dolmen known as The “ Devil’s Den.” Nearly due N. of this and 2100 yards distant stands another dolmen of the same class on the east end of along barrow, at Dog Hill, Manton; while in almost the same line to the N. formerly stood the ‘'emple Bottom Dolmen at a distance of 1210 yards. Thus, in aN. and S. line under two-and-a-half miles long, four important megalithic monuments once existed. ‘The “ Devil’s Den” stands just below the 500ft. contour and almost on the lowest ground in the immediate neighbourhood, being overlooked by high ground within a few yards on either side (N.E. and $.W.). An observer standing to the S.E. and looking N.W. plainly sees the remains of a large long barrow, much spread and lowered by repeated plonghing,? 230ft. long and 130ft. broad. These measurements can be relied on roughly as regards length but not as to breadth,the whole mound having spread downhill,making an exact breadth measurement impossible except by excavation.. The long axis of the barrow points to the S.K.; the end in that direction being broader and higher than the opposite extremity. Roughly about 70ft. inwards from the larger end, and not in the present medial line of the barrow stands the Dolmen. Judging by the ground as it remains to-day, the barrow seems to have had a bayed entrance shaped like the top of the ace of hearts on a card, as is usual with the chambered barrows of Gloucestershire, and as it seems likely was the case with the mutilated long barrow at Beckhampton. The largest ends of the stones face the S.E., and this aspect of the dolmen is more symmetrical than the other, proving that the entrance was at this end. It is curiously like Uley, but on a larger scale. The Dolmen itself, unlike most examples, which are placed on the old ground level, stands four feet above the old surface, and consists of five stones,? the N.E. and 8.W. Uprights, the huge capstone (which I estimate | Wilts Arch. Mag., iv., 317. * It was under grass in 1863, the turf all round for 30ft. being of a different character from that further away. 3 Tn this respect it resembles some Danish Long Barrow Dolmens, see Madsen “ Antequites Prehistoriques de Danemark.” 524 ~The Devil’s Den Dolmen, Claiford Bottom. as weighing 17 tons), and two other stones lying inside the chamber which probably closed the N.W. end. Beyond these Stukeley shows five others lying down, three of which, two on the S.W. and one on the N.E., stood outside the entrance and may be the remains of an entrance passage or the stone lining of a horned entrance. Of the others one was close to the 8. W- upright and the remaining one some yards to the N.W. There were thus ten stones in all in July, 1723. Although the modern archeologist cannot accept the fanciful imaginings of Stukeley, we are grateful for the general accuracy of his plates, which as regards the monument under discussion are as detailed and correct as a photograph. His Plate XXXIV. (Abury Described) shows the capstone as level and the uprights vertical. A com- parison of this plate and that of Sir Richard Colt Hoare! proves that between 1723 and 1810 the base of the 8.W. support slipped outwards and the top of the stone consequently fell inwards, and the whole structure would have collapsed but for the stones lying inside. That to the S.E. took all the weight and being supported from side slip by a small stone no bigger than a football, which became wedged between it and the N.E. upright, doubtless saved the monument. The capstone in falling about one foot slipped to the S.E. This end of the stone is double the weight of the other, and consequently the double pressure at this end slewed round the S.W. support considerably out of the parallel, and the flat top of this stone, once in contact with the capstone, is now exposed in the chamber. The partial fall of the S.W. upright threw a great strain on the opposite one (N.E.), which was taking the whole pressure on the tip of the stone, the actual contact being only four inches long and one wide at a point near the S.E. end. This unequal strain has developed a huge crack obliquely through more than half the stone, which may be plainly seen from both sides. ‘The work of destruction thus started, probably with deliberate intent (Smith mentions a tradition of its being pulled at by a team of white oxen), was further helped by some one driving an iron wedge into the crack.” Atmospheric denudation had carried all the earth away from the base of the N.E. stone, and in 1919 I called the attention of the committee of the Society to the immediate danger of its collapse. The committee communi- cated with Mr. C. R. Peers, H.M. Chief Inspector of Ancient Monuments, who sent down an expert from the Office of Works to inspect the monument. He recommended that the base of the leaning stone should be securely concreted to prevent any further movement, and subsequently met the Society’s representatives and the contractor, Mr. Rendell, on the spot, and gave detailed directions which were carefully carried out. The whole work was constantly watched by the writer of these notes. A beginning was made on the 12th of-September, 1921, by excavating a hole 12ft. N.E. of the centre of the N.E. support. ‘This was carried down to a depth of 2ft. through made ground. At this depth a large sarsen stone was reached, and as the necessary support for the props had been obtained the excavation was stopped. Small holes 2ft. deep were then made at each end of the side stone, and two other shallow holes were dug to the east 1 Ancient Wilts, vol. II. 2 This has now been removed. By A. D, Passmore. 525 to take timbers supporting the capstone. The whole of the timber work and the capstone having been tightly wedged, excavation was begun at the S.E. end. At the depth of a few inches the base of the stones was exposed, and the cutting was carried down to the depth of 4ft., when signs of the old chalk level were reached, and sufticient depth having been obtained for the concrete bed, work was stopped. ‘his excavation was then filled with concrete (from the Lockeridge pits), and work commenced on the N.W. end. Here a similar hole was made and filled; after which the centre part was dug out to the same depth and similarly filled, with iron bars bedded in the mass to bind the various sections together. The whole excavation was 9ft. long 3ft. 6in. wide, and 4ft. deep, and passed through made ‘ground, but no signs of the old turf level were observed. Every spadeful of earth thrown out was minutely examined but nothing of an artificial nature was seen, neither pottery, bone, or flint. Above the bottom of the excavation, which was considered to be undisturbed chalk, was a 4in. layer of rubble, then 6in. of sand, showing well-marked lines caused by having been subjected to water action (probably heavy rain), then 4in. of fine grit, the remaining soil above consisting of a peculiar mass of chalky lumps, which broke like marble, interspersed with sand and grit different in character from the soil in the immediate neighbourhood, but agreeing with that of the hill side to the north. Much of the base of this hill has been cut away, and I have no doubt that the materials for the formation of this very large barrow were obtained therefrom. Throughout the whole excavation the separate layers sloping outward and downward could be plainly seen. The concrete bed was then, by means of a frame, carried up 14ft. higher above the previous ground level to take the weight of the stone which overhangs on this side, and was finished off to a surface slanting outward. Under the S.E. end were deposited two coins dated 1920 and 1921, and at the N. end a tile engraved with an account of the work, covered in wax and wrapped in lead was buried. On the top of the concrete was carved in large figures the date “1921.” The base of the N.E. upright was of a round section and was merely resting on the ground. A small horizontal test hole was made, passing under the base. As mentioned above, the capstone has apparently slipped slightly to the S.E., and it has become the fashion to climb up and to apply pressure at one spot and rock it. This highly dangerous proceeding has now been made impossible by cementing in a sarsen wedge on the S.E. end of the top edge of the N.E. support. ‘This cannot be seen unless specially looked for. A critical examination of the underside of the capstone reveals certain marks which at first appeared to be due to pounding witha maul. It is now, however, clear that they are due to weathering. To ascertain the character of the surrounding top soils trial holes were dug to the E. and 8. W. of the dolmen, well clear of the barrow. The sections there seen were different from that of the mound. I am greatly indebted to Captain Edwards and Mr. Taylor, of Manton, for much kindness and advice. Also to Mr. M. Jones, for the scale plan of the monument. The block illustrating the “ Devil’s Den,” before the underpinning, is kindly lent by the editor of the Observer. 526 The Devil’s Den Dolmen, Clatford Bottom. List of Subscriptions. Marlborough Coll. Nat. Hist. Soe. Marquis of Lansdowne, W. Heward Bell, J. Watson, Alec Taylor. Lord Avebury, Lord Fitzmaurice, Sir Prior Goldney, R. A. Smith. 1 1 0 Major R. W. Awdry, Major G. J. Buxton, Mrs. Buxton, E. Coward, W. Godsal, C. H. St. J. Hornby, H. Leaf, P. Williams. . 1 0 O Anon., A. M. Dunne, C. Garnett, F. H. Goldney, Basil Hankey, Col. Jenner, Mrs. Story Maskelyne, R. W. Merriman. 10 6 H.G. W. dAlmaine, R. S. Gundry, G. Ll. Gwillim, Mrs. | Holloway, H. de H. Whatton. 10 O Marquis of Ailesbury, A. F. Bruce, H. Colville, Mrs. E. H. Goddard, James Horton, Miss Lovatt, Dr. W. Maurice, Miss Parr, G.S. A. Waylen. Col. W. B. Fletcher. 5 © Uvedale Lambert, Mrs. Waterlow. SG © © oook -J (on) RECEIPTS. £. ssid: EXPENDITURE. £ Misi ds Subscriptions 62 8 O/| Rendell’s bill for work done 5415 1 Postages, &c. 1 0 0 Towards cost of printing report & illustrations 6 12 11 £62 8 0 £62 8 0 Errata, Vol. XLI. Page 79. 1. 14 from bottom, for Edmund read Edward. » 92. 1.18, for Borrough read Burrough. 136. 1. 6, for Fenners read Ferrers. » 215. 1.10 from bottom, for clay read shale. » 223. 1, 23, for Couens read Couzens. », 240. 1. 7, for C. I. Kerby read C. T. Kerby. , 251. 1. 4 from bottom, for Hannam read Hanham. » 256. 1. 2 from bottom, for Sir Thomas read Sir John. » 271. 1.4, for Crleton read Carleton. » 347. 1.2 from bottom, for Bassilsleigh read Bessilsleigh. » 376. 1.13 from bottom, for Rawsley read Rawnsley. » 442. 1. 8, for E. J. Benson read EK. F. Benson. By A. D. Passmore. Uvsaq YIOM OY} O40F S) q apis yynog ued, s 6 [EAo(T 528 The Devil's Den Dolmen, Clatford Bottom. SENGON ae after = Ss NSS Yai ANY aA vo \n PRS sa, = =~ ES ne ws Mics ukeley. 23.7 Fig. 2. Devil’s Den. After Stukeley, Abury, Tab. XXXIV., p. 66. “From ye North West,” 1723. (Central portion of the plate.) Fig. 3. Devil’s Den. Plan showing Capstone removed. Stone A. supposed original position shown chain-dotted ; portion now in contact with ground shown shaded. Scale tin. to 1 foot. Ly A. D. Passmore. 4. Devil’s Den. Work in progress, 1921. Showing the timber supports. Fig. 5. Devil’s Den. Concrete footing completed, 1921. From S..E. Fig. 6. Devil’s Den. Work finished 1921, From N.W. 531 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. (June, 1920, to June, 1922. ] Aballava=Papcastle, 88. Abbots Stoke (Dors.), 472. Abbotsbury (Dors ), 72. Abel, Will., Printer, 487. Abercorn, James, Karl of, 515. Abies, Rust on, 267. Abingdon Abbey, lands at Burbage, 297. Abingdon Court, see Cricklade. Abingdon, James, Earl of ; Cath- erine, Lady, 187. Abusun, Peter de, Biog., 460. Acer campestre, Galls., 356. Ackworth, Geo., Biog., 466. Acton Burnell, 248. Adam, Rob., work at Bowood, 512 —521; Bill for, 519—521. Adam’s Grave, Long Barrow, 183. Adams, Mr., 134. A. H..,: 212. Kdith, 252. J kl., 359; on Mollusca, 142, 146—148. ee 138) Thos., 252. W. M., Gift, 330 ; writings, 311, 312, 326. Addison, Jos., art. on, noticed, 319. Adeane, Mrs., 74. Adelphi, work of Adam Brothers, 521. Adey, R., 179. Aecglea, site of, 318. “ Aern,” meaning in Place Names, SOMls Agriculture in Wilts, arts. noticed, 89. Agrimonia, Rust on, 266. Agriolimax, species, 137, 140. Ailesbury, Earl of, 301, 312; Pro- perty, 312; Rights at Great Bedwyn, 129. Marquis of, . gift, 526; writings, 327. _ Aitken, G. H., port., 214. A Land, Thos., 232. Alchemilla, Rust on, 266. Alconbury, Matcham Bridge, scene of Drummer Boy Murder, 198, 199. Aldam, Jos., 244. Aldbourne, art. on, noticed, 209. Church, 209; Poors Chancel rebuilt, 129. Church Notes, 1812, 129. Civil War, 209. VOM XLE—-NO. CXXXVI. Cross, illust., 442. Derivation, 335. Goddard fam., 209. Mosses, 40. N. Farm, mound opened, 389 ; Rom.-Brit. Coins & Pottery, 273. Persons, see Chandler, T. ; W.; Elderton, John; Frampton, Mr.; Mitchell, Mr. Popple- church, Rom.- Brit. Coins, Pot- tery, & foundations, 274. Roman Coins, 389: well opened, 153, 389. Upper Upham House, additions to, 309; Kom. Buildings, Village, Baths, &c., 274, 389. Alder, Galls, 361. Alderley Edge (Ches.), Stone Mining Axe Hammers, age of, Bay Silay, Bl Alderstone (Whiteparish), deriva- tion, 336. Alderton [Aldrington] Rectory, Survey & value, 1650, 4, 10, 11. Alderwick, Ann, 228. Rich, (I. & IT.), 228. Rob., 251. Aldhelm, St., 165. Aldred, owner in Alderstone, 336. Aldrington, see Alderton. Aldworth [Allworth], Ric., 108, 109. Rob., 248. Alexander, Will., 10. Alford, Will., 191. Alfred (King) at Ethandune, 317 ; maker of ditch at Old Sarum, 97. Algee, Freshwater species, 51. Alice Holt Forest, Wild Boars, 201. Alicularia, species, 47. Aliston, Geo., 224. All Cannings, Deeds given and catalogued, 330. All Cannings Cross Farm. Early Iron Age Settlement, date of, 382, 383 ; excavations, Mrs. Cunnington on, 380—382; Mul- lers & Hammerstones, suggested use of, 382; Objects given to Museum, 379, 449; Pottery like Bronze Age Urns, 382. ‘‘ Lymborowe” field, 115. Persons, see Fullerton, J.( Rec- tor) ; Holloway, Will.; Shipman, 2 0 532 INDEX TO VOL XLI. Hannah. Prebend, Church Survey 1649, 115, 116. Roman Pottery from well, 153. Wedhampton tithes, 118, 119. Allcroft, A. H., ‘‘ The Modernity of Stonehenge,” noticed, 93, 94. Allan, Marg., d. of John, 444. Allen, Ralph & Alice, 245. Allhusen, Hen., 499. . Allington (All Cannings), Prebend to provide Bull & Boar, 115. (S. Wilts). Persons, see Barclay, H. (Rector). Almanack 1752, 216. Almere in Ryndeweye, 313. Almshouses, see Farley. Alton (Aewelton), 186. (Hants) 307. Alton Barnes, 265. Church, Inscription in glass, 200. Mollusca, 142, 149. Persons, see Lamplugh, Will. (Rect.). Rectory rebuilt, 200. Rusts, 268. Wansdyke, 359. Alton, N orth, Prebend, 463. Alton Priors, illust., 89. Boundaries, 186, 187. Per- sons, see Button, Sir Will. ; Stratton, Arthur. Saxon Charter, 335. Tawsmead Farm, derivation, 340. See also Adam’s Grave. Alton, Will, 250. Alvediston Church, Effigy, 209. Norrington, derivation, 340. Samway’s Farm, 209. Trow Farm, derivation, 340, 342. Alverstoke (Hants), 305. Alverstone (Warw.), 73. Amber Beads, Scratchbury, 193. Amberleaze (Semley), derivation, 350. Amblystegium, species, 41, 45. Amboglans [Camboglans]=Bird- oswald, 88. Ambons, origin of Choir Screens, 82, 83 Amesbury, 208. “Its Abbey, Church, and Saint,” noticed, 320. Barrow at Ratfyn, 190; King Barrows, 434, 485; not on Ordnance Map, 434. Bronze Age intermentat Ratfyn,190,191, 320. Church, Alterations at Restoration, 320, 321; Bells, 321; Cloister Doors, 320; Font, illust., 320; “Guide to Archi- tecture,” noticed, 321; Illust., 442; Mural Painting, 320; Nor- man Door illust., 320; Nave Roof of old timbers, 321 ; of the Abbey, 320, 321; Screen illust., 320; Saxon base of Column & Cross head, 320, 321; Under- ground passage (2), 320. Cottages of Pisé, 190. Per- sons, see Chaffyn, Thos. ; Rose, John. Ratfyn Ford, large stone found, 435. Water Meadow, Sarsen stone, 435. Anaptychia, species, 50. Anchorite (?) at Purton, 80. Andaman Islands, 196. Anderson, Sir J. W., & Dorothy, 205. Andover, Iron Age Pits, 381. Forest, 125. Andrews, Mr., 34. DEC: 432. C. W. on Chelonian from Swindon, 313, 314. F., 480. Will., 232. Andricus, species, 361. Angelica, Rust on, 267. Angell, John, Biog., 470. Anglesey, Ancient Copper Mines and Stone axes, 374, 376. Anglesey, Earl of, holds Chippen- ham Forest, 410. Ankly (?) (Wilts), 231. Anomodon, species, 44. Anson, H.M.N., 437. Anstie [Anste], John, 251, 315. Anthomyia, species, 364. Antiquaries, Soc. of, work atStone- henge, 168. Ansty, 305. Preceptory of Hospitallers, List of Records, 189 ; property in Devizes ?, 206. Anvill’s Copse, Wansdyke, 401. Farm, 258. Appledoe [A ppledore] i in Groveley, derivation, 346. Applegate, EE. & GN ., ports., 214. Apprice, Ed., 245. Apshill Copse (Savernake), deriva- tion, 350. Architecture, Ball flower mark of W. Country work, 321. Early English Style originates in Wiltshire ?, 168. Architects, Medizval, not Bishops, 169. Ard Patrick Horse), 438. INDEX TO Arion, species, 140, 141, 149. Aris, Mr., 291, 300. Arkell, Phil., 72. Thos., obit., 72. ' Armour, Pembroke Suit, made by Jacobe, 441, 442. Armstrong, F. A. W. T., obit., 306. Arnold, Thos., 245, 252. Arnold Forster,'Mary, writings, 324. Arrundell, Mr., 26. Arthomia, species, 51. Arthur (Prince), 241. Arum, Rust, 265, 271. Ash Farm, 408. Ash Tree, Galls, 359. Ashburnham Silver Plate, 85. Ashby (Northants.), Charity of Sir Stephen Fox, 443. Ashdown (Berks), Sarsens, 447. Ashe, John, 85, 257, 258. Sam, 257. Ashgoe (Groveley), derivation, 347. Ashleworth (Gloucs.), 473. Ashley, Persons, see Barrett, John (Rect.). Rectory, value 1650, 7. Ashley Farm (Bradford), 224. Ashley, Great, 226. Ashley Rails (New Forest), Roman Kilns & Pottery, 153, 156, 172. Ashley, Hon. Anth. J., 492. Ashman, Hen. & Eliz., 252. Ashmore Down (Donhead St. M.), Koliths, Long Barrow, 427. Ashton Gifford, 27. Aspen, Rusts, 264, 269. Assart lands, defined, 408. Assenton, Will., 234, 235. Asserton (Berwick St. James) derivation, 341. Assheley, Johanna, 212. Astley, Mr.. 133. 133, 134. T., 57. Ashton Keynes, 315. Ashton, West, Persons, see King, | Harman; Long, Gifford. _ Ashton, E. A., 210. _ Aston, B., port., 214. Major- Gen., Sir G , writings, 98, 322— | 324, 438; “Geo. Southcote,” |. writings, 98. / Athelard, Archbishop, Monk of Malmesbury, 452. | Athelney (Som.), 317, 318. _ Athelstan, Bp., held Ramsbury,316. _ Athlone (Ireland, 439. Atkins, Ber., 252. Thos., 13. | Attendene, derivation, 335, 336. r) Francis, VOL. XLI. 533 Attheyes, Rich., 247. Atwood, Rev. G. D.; Lt.G. E.; Rev. Geo. H.S., obit., 303. Atworth (‘‘ Atford ”) 218. Common, Award as to Read, 239; Enclosure Act, 239. Cottles House, derivation, 340. Derivation, Saxon Charter, 335. Field names, temp. Hliz., 218. Tithing of Brad- ford, rental, 218, 224, 225. Tithingman & Constable, 231. Aubrey, John, 81 ; port., 442. Will., 249. Audley [Audely], Bp., Tomb, 178. Family held Chippenham Forest, 410. Ld. A., 247. Geo, Ld. A., 246. Mervin, Ld. A., beheaded, 414. Will, 224. Augustine, St., meeting with British Bishops at Gospel Oak, Cricklade, 321, 322. Aulax, species, 360. Auley family, deeds, 218, 219 222. Aurston, see Orcheston. Aust (Glos.), 305. “Author ” of Newspaper=Kditor, 58. Autographs, Morrison Coll., 87. Auvergne, Roman Pottery, 155. Avebury, 3808. Barn, 163. Buzzard, 182. Church, 309; Font illust., 442; Passage from N. Aisle to Chancel, and Roodloft, 168, 202; Visited, 163. Circles, Bronze Age date ? 163 ; Ditch, Flint implements found on floor, 163 ; Cove of N. circle, worked surface of stone ? 163, 447 ; Stones destroyed 1723, 426 ; Stones, illust., 442. “Deanery, Cannings Portion, Inventories, &c.” by Canon Gardiner, 216. Down, Neo- lithic flints, 87, 329. Exca- vations stopped, 163. John Fox at, 448. Kennet Avenue, stones destroyed, 426 Long- stone Cove, Bronze Age inter- ment, 163; Stone re-erected, 163. Manor, descent of, 441 ; Farm & Barn bought by J. P. Garland, 163; Garden, 163; House and Furniture, art. by H. A. Tipping, noticed, 440, 441 : 2 One 534 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Hall & Gr. Chamber re-decor- ated, 441; Holford, Sir Richd.,, at, 441; Kemm _ family, 441; Needlework, 163 ; 5%. Porch, initials on, 440; Visited, 162; Work of Will. Dunch, Sir R. Holford, & Sir J. Mervyn, 440, 441. Property of C. Simp- kins, 205. Windmill Hill & Grimes Graves (Norf.) ; Flints, H. G. O. Kendall on, noticed, 87, 202, 208 ; - Ginerary - urn, 426 ; Flint celts, broken and re- “used, 208 ; Flints, Neolithic, 87, 203 : Perforated Hammer Stone, 366. Avebury, Ld., Gift, 526. Avon Parish, in Christian Malford, 1650, no Church, value of Rectory, 5. Avon River, 200, 408; at Dauntsey, 838; Salisbury, 287; Fishing, art., 322. Awary, Major Justly W., centen- arian, obit. & port., 70. Mrs. Robert, 303, Major BW. gift, 526, Will. Hen., 70. Aylers Mead, 255. Aylesbury, John de, 200. Ayliffe, John, 238. ** Ayscough, John,” writings, 208, 325, Baa, alias Ewelm, J ohn de, 469. Babbacombe (Dev.), Hepatics, 47. Baber, Will. & Sam., 234, 235. Backnor, Thos., 259. “ Backside,” 12, 32, 118, 117. Backswording contests, 81. Bacon, Rev. @., note, 181. - Badbury(Chiseldon),Castle Camp, 345. Badgers, 188, 429. Baeomyces, species, 40, 50. Bagdon Bridge & Hill identified, 96, 97, 210. Bagehott, Thos., 262. Baggs, John, 261. Bagnall, Rob., 247, 358. Bagshot (Shalbourne), Galls, 361. Bailey (—), 369. Bailward, Anna Maria; Sam. G. ; Thos. 8., 287. Sam. 236, 237. Bainbridge, Chr. (Archbp.), 465. Baker, F. E., gifts, 100, 330; Writings, 100, 326. Susanna, d. of Sir R., 508. PS ll, works, 68. Bakewell, 438. Balea, species, 188, 148. Balfour, Arth., 74. Ball, John, 222. Balmerino, Viscountess, 471: Bampfeild, Mr, 225. J., 220. Thos. 220. Bamford, Sam., 89. Banbury, 437. Bangor, Prebend of, 468. Banks, Geo., 470, 475. Banna, Rom. Station, 88. Barber, Thos., 2388. Barbula, species, 41. Barbury Farm, Tithes, 1649, 111. Barclay, Gordon & Rev. H. O16. Barcroft, Amb., 257. Bard, Adrian de, 464. Barford, St. Michael (Oxon.), 305, Barham, R. H., 199. Will., 260. Barker, Anth., 465, 470, 474, Barley, Spring Rust, 270. Barnard, Edw., 260. Rob., 240. Barnes, "Miss, 312. John, 2. Walt., 444. Will., 192, 200. Barnewood, 255. Barns, see Avebury ; Bradford. Barnston [Barneston], John, 110, 111. Thos., 110, 111. Will. (I. & IT.), 110. Barnwell, C. E. B., obit , 305, 306. K. be 305. Barrett, Hen., 192. John, 7, 252. Thos.., 232. Barrington, Hon. Daines, Ld. -of Preb. Manor of Bradford, 236. Barrows, Disc, two intersecting, 285. Long Barrows, cham- bered, in Gloucestershire, 523 ; Danish, 523; see also Adam’s Grave ; Ashmore Down; Beck- hampton; Botley Copse ; Devil’s Den ; - Fairmile Downs : Manton; Tidcombe, West ; with ‘Neolithic pottery, Wexcombe, A427. Numbered on Ordnance Maps, 167. ‘Triple Barrows in Wilts, 184. With burnt body, Lake, 427. With circle of stones and Rom. coins, 94. With Saxon interment, 426. See also Wilsford (S. Wilts). Bartelot, R. G., 179. Barter, Amb., 465. Bartlett, Grace, 230. Bartley, Will., 252. Bartolozzi, 515. Barton, Hen., 493. Thos., 254, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 535 Bartsia, Rusts, 268. - Basing Park (Hants), 307. Baskerville, Mary, 235. Thos. (Sheriff) 211. Thos. B. M., 211. Baskerville & Pen- ruddocke Chariots, art. on noticed, 211, 212. Basset Down, Comma butterfly, 431. Persons, see Arnold-Forster, Mary. Bassett’s Moor, see Bowood. Batchelor, Caleb, 234. Francis, 220. John, 222, Mary, 220. Thos. (I. & II.), 220, 222. Will., 234. Batcombe (Som.), 247, 249, 466. Bateman (—), 191 Bath, 57, 244—246. Bequests to ‘Parish Church of Stalles” and re-edifying of Abbey Church and Hospitals,245. ‘ Chronicle,” 499, 500. Cross, 256. Historic Map of, 99. Hos- pital of St. John Bapt., 256. Museum, objects in, 171, 368, Bath, Marquis ‘of, 383. Bathampton (Som.), 263. Batheaston (Som ), 238. Batson, Mrs. Stephen, writings, 99. Bauk’s Hill, 405. Baverstock. Persons, see Goddard, C. V. (Rect ). Will O’ the Wisp at, 181. Baverstock Copse (Bedwyn?), Wansdyke, 400. Baxter, Dan., 501. Baydon, Rom. Rd_, 272. Bayley [ Baylie], Chr., 248, 246, 247, Edmund, 221, 229, John, 223— 225, 244, -Nich., 251. Ralph, 2 256. Rich., 20, 24. hale O24. 225. 228) Thos., 204. Walt. 243. Will. 107, 222, 228, 232. Baylie, alias Taunton, Edw., 219. John, 241. Will., 219. Bayley, alias Stokes, Charles, 228. Eliza, 233. Jane, 228. Rich., 999, 228. Thos., 2338. Baynton TE. Coulston], Manor held by J. Le Rous, 212. Bayntun Family own Bremhill,509. And., 244. Sir Edw., 206, 213 ; ‘Lands at Bowood, 418, 418, 420, 433 ; Tithes in gabe) 4, Bayse, Thos., 251. Bazley, Frank, obit., 196. Beach, Eliz., 245. Rob., 227— 230. Thos., 231. Beacon Hill (Broinham 1%), 96, 210. Beak, Ch., owns Purton, 80. Beale, Will., 7. Beaminster (Dors.), 98. Beard, Sarah, 260. Beauchamp, Hen., Ld., coffin at Gt. Bedwyn, 1381. Beauford, James & Thos., 461, 462. Beaufort Family, art. on, noticed. 88. Beaulieu (Hants), Jade celts, 371, Beaven, E. C., port., 214; obit., 195. F. M. & Thos., 195. James, 236, 237, Bechellon, Sam., 236. Beckett (Berks), 254, 256, 258, 259. Beckford family portraits, art. on, noticed, 86, Hon. Louisa ; Maria ; Margaret; Peter (I. & II.); Susanna; William (I. & IL), portraits, 86, Will., ee Mayor, builds Fonthill Ho., Beas nee. Crossbow from, 98. House, training stables, 438. Long Barrow, bayed entrance (2), 523. Springs, 208. Beckington property, 244. Bedborough, see Bishops Cannings. Beddington (Surrey), 471. Bedgebury Wood (Kent), 42... Bedwind=Convolvulus, 336. Bedwyn and Burbage, Anglo- Saxon Boundaries of, by O. G. S. Crawford, 281— 301, Map. Bedwyn, Battle of, 312. Deri- vation, 336, Bedwyn, Great, 265. Algae, 51, Archidiaconal Juris- diction, 129. Apshill Copse, 288. Bitham Pond, Rom. Brit. settlement, 288, 289. Bounds in A. 8. Charters, 281— 283, 298, 300. Bradon, 289, Brails, 284; Castle Copse, 408, 404 ; Derivation, 340 ; Galls, 355 —357, 363, 364; Hepatics, 46, 48 : lichens, 48, 49 ; Mollusca, 140; Mosses, 41, 42; Rom. Villa & Gold Ring, 312, 424; Rusts, 266—269, 271; Wansdyke, 296, 402—404, Brook Street, 536 360; Mollusca, 187, 146, 147. Brown’s Lane, Mollusca, 149. Church, 283 ; Architectural Notes by W. C. Lukis, 1851, 130, 131; Brasses, 131 ; Coffins of Somerset Family, 131 ; Monu- ment of Sir J. Seymour, 131; Mural Paintings, 131; Niche with figure of Virgin plastered up, 130 ; Notes on services, plate, &c., 1812, 129; Restoration, work done, 1854, 131; Wooden screen, 130 ; Now in Vict. & Alb. Museum, 428 ; Tiles, 131. Common, Lichens,49. Crofton, Galls, 358, 359, 363; Mollusca, 141. Crook’s Copse, 288. Dod’s Down, Galls, 363 ; Mollusca, 142. Galley Lane, 283, 356. _ Gaalls, 354, 358, 360, 362. Green, 283. Haran- dene, 284. Harding Farm, derivation, 283, 284, 340. Hatchet Lane, 357; Rusts, 265, 269. Hepatics, 40—52. Holt Pound, 291. Ivy House, 143, 147, 266, 270, 360. | Kennet & Avon Canal, 186, 271, 363. Leigh Hill, 287, 288, 291. Lichens, 40—52. Manor, Metropolis of Cissa, 281. Marten, Galls, 359. Merle Down Brickyard, Mosses & Lichens, 44,45, 49. | Mollusca, 137—141, 145, 147—149 ; Mosses, 40—52. Nettleball Hill, 289. Parlour Field, derivation, 283. Parsonage Barn, 37. Persons, see Hurst, C. P.; Lukis, W. C.; Skey, Mr. Piccadilly, 284. Plant notes, 186. Prebend of, 38, 129. Ram Alley, derivation, 287, 288. Rectory, Survey of, 1650, 36—38. “Road Alley Close, 288, Rusts, 265—268. Shoul Bottom, 289 Sicily Cottages, 359. Stock, 282 ; Common, Rusts, 265, 266, 268 ; Tithes, 37. Thornhill Pond, 289. Three Oak Hill, 291. Visited by Dean of Salis- bury, 129. Wansdyke, 358, 396. 406. Warren Lodge, 291. Woolslade, 289. See also Ford, Grafton, Martin, Westcombe, Wilton. VO WO Clb Si, Bedwyn, Little, 297, 399. Amity Oak, 295. Axford Lane, vallum, 295. ‘* Baldwines Mealh,” 297. Balls Wood, 297. Barrow opened, 426. Bird’s Ground, 294. Boundaries from A. 8. Charter, 281, 290, 292—295. Burridge Heath, 264; Galls, 357 ; Hepa- tics, 48; Rusts, 265, 268, 269 ; Wansdyke, 400. Burn Copse, 294. Burnt Mill Lock, 292. Chisbury, 282 ; Camp, Mosses, 45; Lane Farm, 291; Wood, Wansdyke, 292. Church, Architectural Notes by W. C. _ Lukis, 1851, 181; Restoration, 132. Cross Ford, 282. Dean Heath, 294. Duke’s Vaunt, 295. Forebridge, 293. Gate Close, 294. Grant by K. Cynewulf, 292. Gully Copse, 295. Gymp Lane, derivation, 294. Harrow Farm, 282, 296. Hen’s Wood, Rom. Road, 296. ‘““ Horse & Jockey,” 283. Horsehall Hill, 282, 291, 292; Derivation, 340. In A. S. Times, 282. Knowle, 282, 295. Lichens, | 50. Little Bonnings Copse, 294. Lower Down Barn, 293. Mabbit’s Heath, 295. _ Mollusca, 148. Mosses, 44, Ad. Persons, see Newton, Ben. (Vic ). Pedlars’ Gate & Piece, 294. Puthall Farm & Gate, 282,295, 296 ; Derivation, 340. Kudge Firs, 297. Scrope’s Wood, 297. Stype Wood, 294; Galls, 358. Timbridge Farm, 282, 296 ; derivation, 340. Wansdyke, 295. | Wentworth’s Copse, 294. See also Chisbury ; Knowle. Beech, Galls & “ Witches’ Brooms,” 362. ieee Beechcroft, Kingsdown, 72. Beechingstoke, Bottle Farm, deri- vation, 340. Derivation, 336. Persons, see Mayo, Ch. Beeman, Jane, 228. John, 228, 232. Belcher, Isaac, 177. Will., 176, ate Bell, Clive, writings, 328. Will. 255, 256, W. Heward, acts INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 537 as guide, 162, 164, 170, 383; Gift, 526 ; ; Hospitality, 170, 385 ; President, 160, 164; Remarks, 162, 387. Bellingham, Ed, 218. Belmore Copse, 296; Wansdyke, 399. Bells, at Old Sarum Cath. 82. Salisbury Fire Bell, 90. Sheep & Cattle Bells made at Cheverell, 73. see Purton ; Westbury. Belsher, John, 248, 249, Bemerton Church & Rectory, illust., 442. see also Quid- hampton. Benet, Miss, 193. Benett Stanford, Capt. J, 194; Major Vere, 193. Benger, Mrs,, 446. 470. Bennett, of Steeple Ashton, seal and Arms, 260. C. Geo., 69); owns Salisbury Journal, 66. Chr., of East Hatch, 178. Major C. G., 501. Ed. Grove, owns Salisbury Journal, 66. Eliz., 121, 122. F. E., port., 214. James, owns Salisbury Journal, 66, John, 121, 122. Thos., 121, 122; of Combe Hawey (Som.), 260; of Steeple Ashton, 260. W. E. manages Salisbury Journal, 66. John, 469, Benson, Edmund, 429. 19; 1s “Our Family Affairs,” noticed, 449, Geo. Lawes, 429, Bentham Farm (Purton), deri- vation, 350. Bentham, Jeremy, 516. Benton Hall (Northb.), 194. Benwell Tower (Northb ), 194. Berkeley Square, 518. Bermondsey, 74. ‘Bernard, Canon E. R., 179; obit. and list of writings ; 307. Thos. D , 397. Berneham (Hants), 36. Berril’s Farin, Studley, Rom. Hypocaust & Bath, 426. Berrow (Som.), 438. Berry Head (Dev.), Galls, 355. Berry, W. G., writings, 322. Bertodano, B. H. de, obit., 307 Berwick Bassett, Chapel & Tything of Calne, 8, 15. Curate’s salary 1650, 16. Persons, see Miller, Wolston (Vic.); Stevens, John (Vic.). Vicarage, value, 1650, 2. Berwick St. James, Asserton & Stourt Hill, derivations, 341. Bustard shot, 213. Deeds given, 99, 167. Per- sons, see Pinckney, E. C. Berwick St. John, Bridmore, Cut- tice, Tinkley, derivations, 841. Persons, see Goodchild, W. (Rect.) See also Winkelbury. Berwickshire, Quartz Celt, 371. Bes, Thos., 249. Bessell, Jos. 238. Besselsleigh (Berks), Brook, 347. Beversbrook [Beaverbrooke], Ti- thes, 15. Beverstock, John, 231. Bewdeley (Wores. ), 268. ‘Bible, & sun? in) St. Paulis Ch. Yd., 60. Biddestone, Persons, see Ketchley, H. E. (Rect.). Rectory & Vicarage, value, 1650, 3. St. Peter& St. Nicholas to be united, 1650, 3. Bidwell, Miss, 204. Biggs, Lady Barbara Yeatman, 388. Bp. Huysh Yeatman erects screen, 388; sells Stockton, 387. _ Mary, 132. Rich., 260. Gen. Yeatman, 388 ; Restores Stockton Ho., 387. Bilson, John, 226. Bilstone, John, writings, 449. Bingham, Bp. Rob., acct. of opening of tomb in Salisbury Cath., Sandford 179. Biorrhiza, Gall Wasp, 361. Birch, Rust, 269. Witches’ Brooms, cause of, 354, 360, 361. Bird Notes, 480. Birdoswald,““The Roman Name of” noticed, 87, 88. Birds, Linnets’ & Partridges’ Eggs, unusual size, 430. See Black Redstart; Bustard; Buzzard; Flycatcher; Grebe; Hobby; Hooded Crow ; Marsh Warbler ; Owl, Little; . Puffin; Quail; Siskin : Wagtail. Birkenhead. 70. Birkenshaw (Yorks), 195. Bishop, Phil., printer, 55. Bishop’s Cannings, 312. Bed- borough Tithes, 1649, 108. 5388 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Boreton Tithes, 107. Can- nings Canonicorum, Rectory and Manor, Ch. Survey 1649, 107— 109. Church, “ Carrel” of Post-Reformation date ? 162; Hole for chains to support Rood, 162; Painting on Vault, re- painted, 162; visited, 162. Coate, Tithes 1649, 107. Easton Horton ‘Tithes 1649, 107. Manor, Bishop’s, 315. Nursteed Tithes 1649, 107. Persons, see Ferrabee, Mr. (Vic.); Methuen, John. Roundway Tithes 1649, 108. Springs, 208. Vicarage, Advowson, & value 1649, 108. Week, 313; Tithes 1649, 107. See also Bourton. Bishop’s Waltham (Hants), 467. Bishopston (N. Wilts), Prebend in Salisbury Cath., 110. Rectory, Ch. Survey, 1649, 109— 1. Rom. pavement, 39C. Persons, see Barnston, J.(Rect.); Crosse, F. (Vic.). Vicarage, Advowson, &c., 110, 111. Bishopstone (S. Wilts), Crowches- ton, derivation, 341. Bishopstrow, 71. Persons, see Atwood, G. H. 8. (Rect.) Biss River, 200. Bisse, Edw., 252. James, 247 —249, 466. Phil., 466. Rich., 466. Thos., 466, 470. Bissell, Josh., 238. Bissy, John, 235. Bitham Pond (Savernake), 425. | Bix (Oxon), 470. Bizley, Mr., gift, 99. Black Death, influence on Archi- tecture,321;0n Glass making, 169. Black Dog (Calne), 408. Black Earth, sign of ancient settle- ment, 274. Black Redstart, 3177. Blackacre (Holt), derivation, 348. Blackberry, Rust, 264, 266. Blackbury, Strodus, 230. Blackewaye, Will., 3. Blackland, derivation, 336. Manor, deed, 428. Map, 433. Persons, see Page. T. (Rect.). Rectory value, 1650, 8. Siskin, 95. Blackman, And. & Elianor, 243. Blackmore, Warden of, 410. See also Melksham Forest. Blackthorn, Galls, 356. Blagdon, Map, 301. Blagrove, derivation, 353. Farms sold, 460. Blake, Alf.. 304. Ben, ila: Lt.-Col. G. R., 305. -Hen., 428. John Heritage, | obit., 304. Blakingrave (Wroughton), deriva- tion, 353. Blanch, Eliz., 262. Will., (I. & IT.), 260. Blanchard [ Blaunchard], Hen., 242. John, 223, 224,-996, 462° 469, Thos., 224. Widow, 241. Blanchett, Geo., 34. Blandford, 59. Blatchley, And.; Eliz.; John, 238. Blaunchede, alias Sanshewr, Stephen, 218. Bleobury, John de, will of, 200, 216. Blick, Thos., 240. : Blickling (Norf.), 307. Blissett, Jos., 508. Blomfield, C., 179. Bloxham Copse(Bedwyn), Lichens, 49. Bluebell, Rust, 271. Blunsdon, 393. Stone from in Roman buildings at Wan- borough, 274. Boar, wild, extinct in 17th cent.,201. Bodington, Archdeacon E.J., Church Survey in Wilts 1649—50, 1-39, 105— 128. Writings, 328, 436. Bodleian Library, buys deeds, 167. Bokerly Dyke, Rom. pottery & coins, 154. “Bolingbroke & Walpole,” art. noticed, 88. Bolton, H. H. D., 473. Bolwell, Allin, 229. Bond, John, 38. Bonds Farm, seeOgboure S.George. Bone objects from Scratchbury Barrow, 193. Will., 467. Bones, animal, Cherhill, 98. Booksellers sold Medicines, &c.,60, Booth, F., 138. Bordeaux, Rom. Pottery, 155. Boreham (W. Overton), derivation, 350. Boreham, And., 244. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 539 Borough boundaries, alterations of, 198. Borrough, Thos., 92. Boscombe, derivation, 336. Boscombe, Barnett, 231, 232. “ Boston Independent Chron.,” 63. Botley Copse, 284, 394 ; Galls, 359 ; Long Barrow, 404, Copse & Hill, Wansdyke, 403—406. Down (Bedwyn), Mosses, 44. Bottle Farm (Beechingstoke), de- rivation, 340. Botrychium, species, 51. Boulter, Thos., Highwayman, art. on, noticed, 442. Bourton (Bishops Cannings), Springs, 208. Bourton Hill, 438. Bourne, G. H., writings, 210. Bourton Manor (S. Marston), 427. Bowden Hill, “ Horseley Upright Gate,” 96. Bower, Edw., 252. Bower Chalke, see Broad Chalke. Bowker, Fred, 240. Bowle, John, 20. Bowles Barrow[Heytesbury |, Blue Stone found in, by W. Cunnington, 172—174. “Derivation, 347. Opened four times, Sarsens found, 173. Bowling Alley, Devizes, 1654, 192. Bown, W. IL., “ Boundaries of County of Wilts,’ by, noticed, 197, 198. Git. gig... | Bowood, Abbots Waste, 414, 416, | 417; Gate Pillars, 213 ; Survey, 420. Aqueduct Bridge, de- signed, 519, 521. Acreage & Valuation, 421, 506. Altera- tions intended, plan, 433. Banqueting Room, in Park, never built, 519,521. Bassetts Moor, 414, 416, 418, 419, 421; Survey, 419, 420. Bayntun, Sir Edward, lands of, 418—420 ; map of, 433. Blake Way, the, 415, 417. Boathouse, design, 519, 521. Bought by John, E. of Shelburne, 509, “ Bradfields,” 507, 508. Bridge, designed, 519, 520. Bridgeman, Sir O., acquires Fee Simple, 504 ; to plant oaks yearly, 423; Regrant to, 422. Broadmine, 418. Buckhill, MOL XiI—NO. CXXXVI. 414—416, 418, 419, 421 ; Copse & Gate, 414, 415, 421; Survey, 420. Cary, Geo., Map of his Lands, 433. Castlehaven, Earl of, lands, 419, 420. Cathill, 418, 419. Cuffs Gate, 413, 415, 416; Right of Way, 421, Cullis’s House, 409. Custody of, given to Phil. Her- bert, 410. Deer driven to Spye Park, 421. Ditch & Bank, 417. Fee Farm Rent, paid, 423. Fishpond, 415,417. “ Frys,” 507. Game- house, 419, 421, 422. Gates into, 1653, 212, 213, 409. Granted to Rich. Spenser, Sir G. Clifton, &c., 412. Green- house, designed, 519, 520, Greenmoor, 417, | Hasel Copse, 409, 415—42). Horsle Pride Gate, 420. Hollow Woods, 414—416, 419, 421; Hollowes, Upper, 507. Holme Hill, 409, 417. Home Farm, 504. House, Adam’s bill for work done, 519—521 ; Ceilings by Adam, 514; Chimney pieces by Adam, estimates for, 514; By B. & T. Carter, 513, 514; Wooden, by J. Linnell, 514; Dial Stand, drawing, 520; “ Diocletian Wing” built. 519 ; Drawing Room built,518 ; “Great House’”’ altered by Lord Shelburne, 510 ; Original position of Staircase, 510; Proposed Extension, plan, 513; Great Room built, 512, 515; Chimney Pieces, 514 ; Hall altered by Adam Brothers, 513 ; King’s Room built, 512 ; Library plans, 520; “ Little House” Stable & Kitchen Courts built, 511, 512 ; Remodelled, 518 ; Plan of House during stages of construction (fig.), 522; Portico built, 515, 520 ; Staircase altered, 519; Tunnel connecting separate portions of House, 518. New House built by Sir O. Bridgeman described, 507, 508 ; never finished, 504, 509; altered by John, Ld. Shelburne, 510— 512; Window ‘lax, 508; Work of Adam Brothers, 512 ; of Cipriani, 515; of Hen. Keene, account for, 511, 519. lles ‘) P 540 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Cottage, 417, 418. Included in Chippenham Forest, 407. Impaling, date of first, 421. Imparked by the King, 409. Jenkins’ Cottage, 413, 415. Jointure of Q. Kath. of Braganza, 503, 504. | King’s Bowood, 409. King’s Bowood Park, by the Earl of Kerry, 407 — 423(map),502—522 (plan). Legge, William, petition of, 503. Lodge, 1609, 410. Lodge, Lower, Division, 414, 416, 420—422 ; Survey, 414; Site of present Ho., 415, 504, Lodge, New, 507. Lodge, Old, 417, 504, 508, Lodge, Ranger’s, 417, 418, 421, 504. Lodge, Upper, Division, 414, 417, 420, 421, 422; Survey, 417. Lodging Oak, 414, 416, 421. Long,Richard, creditor of estate, 506. Loxfield Heath Gate, 417, 420. Mannings Hill Gate, 413. Maps of, in Estate Office described, 433; Earliest, 409 ; Showing divisions of, 1658, 412, 413. Mausoleum built, date of, 512, 513, 516,517 ; sarcopha- gus, by Carlini, 513. “Modus” for ‘Tithe paid to Vicar of Calne, 508. Monks Hill, 507. Murray, Will., grantee of Bowood, 410, 411. Nustrells Lease Lane, 415. Old Copse, 409, 421. Park, Divisions of (Ten), 1653, 414; Extra parochial, a ‘“ Liberty,” 508 ; “ Particular of,” by J. Bull, 506—508; Survey and Valua- tion, 1653, 212, 4183—422 ; Wall, 516. Pilpot Copse, 415, 417, 420; Division, 414, 415, 418, 420, 421; Lands, 507; Survey, 416. Pond tail, 413. Pon- tens Lane, 416, 420. (ueen- wood Ho., 418, 419. Ranger’s Division, 414—416, 417, 419, 421, AO) Survey, A418. Redhill Division, AVA Al i410) 40" Survey, 418 ; Gate, 421. - Rights of Way, 491. Rum- sey'’s Pleck, 419, 420. Sea- ger’s lands, 415. Selby, Geo., garden, 418. Shelburne, Earl, statement of income and ex- penditure, 516. Sold by Parliament, 422. Stinking Lake Copse, 416, 417. Stud- ley Gate, 414, 419, 421 ; Division, 414, 418, 421; Survey, 419; Summer Ho., built, 521. Talbot, John, lands claimed, 420; Map of, 433. Tenants on property, cer. 1740, 507, 508. Thorne’s Ho., 409. : Tithes to Dean & Chapter of Sarum & Vic. of Calne, 126, 421, 508. Trees, &c., 7. Spoils of,” value 1652, 422. Washway, The, 415, 417, 421, Wettrodes, 421. Whitewell, Derivation from “The Spouts ”sprmg, 415. Whittlemoor, Division, 409, 414—418, 420, 421 ; Survey, 415, Wilts corner, or grounds, 419, 420, 421. Box, Galls, 360. Persons, see Bushnell, Walt. (Vic.); Merrett, T. Property, 246, 247. Rudloe; Washnell ; derivation, ae Stone for Bowood, 511. Vicarage, value, 1650, 2, 3. Box, Rob., 232. Boy Bishop, ‘ ‘Bp. of the Innocents, custom abolished in France & England, 310. Boynton, Sir Edw., 124. Thos., Collection, 372. Boyton, Church, visited, 386. Comma Butterfly, 431. Hospitallers’ property, 189. Manor House visited, Drawing | Room, &c., 386, 387. Per- sons, see Fane, Capt. H. N.; Steward, Canon E. (Rect.). Brachythecium, species, 41, 45. Brackley, John, 471. Bradbridge, Will, 106. Braden, Brook, 425. Forest, art. on, noticed, 81; Landa assigned to poor of Purton | Stoke, 80; Tithes, 127. | Bradenstoke Priory, in Pewsham Forest, 413. Bradfield, Capt. J. T., obit., 196. Bradford-on- -Avon, 200, 210. Almshouse, 235. Alto Street, 223. Ashley, 229, Avonfield, 233, 235. Barn, — 163; Accounts of Fund, 104, 384, "879 : Illust., 442 ; - Repairs, 165 ; Visited, 165. Berfield, 2 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 541 237. Blackacre Road award, 239. Bodyes Close, 218. Byddys Acre, 218. Brookeham, 280. ““Capons,” 238. Christchurch, 439. Church, Parish, Account of, by T. A. Richardson, noticed, 319 ; Altar of St. Nicholas endowed, 319; Brass of T. Horton, 242 ; Lady Chapel, 319; Plate, 319; Reredos in N. Aisle,319; Visited, 165, Church House, 221 ; restored to Church, 447. Church Street, 280, 282. Clay, fossils, 98. Court Rolls and other documents relating to Manors of Brad- ford & Westwood, Abstracts by Rev. A. W. Stote, 217— 241, 379. Constables, 1720, 231. ‘* Cooks ” tene- ment, 231. ** Coombs,” 228. Coroners of the Market, 231. Crab Tree Close, 235. Cumberwell, derivation, 341, 342. ‘* Daintons,” 234, 236. Elbridge Lane, 223. Elms Croft, 234. Elm cross field, 236, 237. Enclosure Act, 239. En- meade, 223. Kyemead, 218. Field Names, 218. Fishing Rights, 225, 226. Ford Farm, 224. Foreword’s Common, 233; Enclosure Act, 239. Forwards Lane, 235. Fox Lane, 227, 233, 235. Fox Street, 235. Frankley, 220. George, Le, 227. Gibbons land, 225, “ Goldhill,” 238. Hall, The, illust., 442. Hare Knap, 218, 234, 237. Hayward, The, 231, 282. “ Hendys ” used as workhouse, 236, 237. ‘“* Hewes ” tenement, 230. High Cross, 227. Horse Street, 226. Hun- dred, Bailiffs, Constables, Jury, Tithingmen, 231, 232. Tllust., 442. Inspectors of Weights, 281. Jury for Borough & Homage, 232. Kingsfield, 218, 220 233, 237. Lady Down, 218, 220. Leigh, 225, 235; and Woolley, 227, 230; Enclosure Act, 239; Common, Road over, award, 239; Tithingman and Constable, 231. Margaret Street, 236. Market Coroners, 232. | Marsh Croft, 218. Mykelmeade, 218. New Bear Inn, 239. Pando Street, 223. Pepitt Street, 223, 226, 230. Persons, see Rental of Manor, &c. Pinchmead, 234, 235. Poulton [Paulton, Polton], 218, 236, 237 ; Quarry, 221, 226. Prebendal Manor, Deeds, 217, 218, 235—239 ; held by Shaftes- bury Abbey, & Dean & Chapter of Bristol, 217, 218, 242. Portreeve, 231. Pound breach, 232. Pounds Close, 218. Prebendal Manor Court, 233. Property, 248, 249. Public Roads, award, 239. Purlpit Green Road, award, 239. Rectory Manor, 235. Rental of Manor & Hundred, 1660, 221—226. Road, awards 1819, 239. | Rowas Close, 238. Rowe Hill, 220. St. Plas Street, 224. St. Toles Street, 219. Saxon Church, 94 ; Acct. of, by A. T. Richardon,noticed, 318 ; Tllust., 442 ; of 10th century, 165; Visited, 164. Sayes Green, 234. Scutts Grip, 223. Seale Street, 223. Serge maker, 230. Shepehouse Leyes, 218. Sheppard’s Close, 218. Sisters of Mercy, 238. Smutton’s, 234. Stimple Hill, 234, 237. Stump’s Cross, 234. Tads- ley, 233. Tithingmen, &c., 231. Tithings, 224, 225. Tooley Street, 233. Trow- bridge Charity lands, 223. Trowle, 220. Tuly Street (Woolley St.), 226. Turlyn, DB. Wall Mead, 218, 234 Whitehead’s Lane, 234, 235. Whitehill, 200, 219, 228, 229, 230, 232—235. Wid- brook, 218, 225. W inders- leys, 218, 235. Winterleaze, 230! Woolley, 225, 229, 234, 935, 237; derivation, 341, 342; tenants, &c., 231. W oolleys Elm, 234, 237. Workhouse, a — 542 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. deed, 237. Yeamead, 233, 235. | Bradford, Earls of, descent, 423, 503. Bradford, Thos., 220. Bradley, 469. Bradley, North, Hospitaller prop- erty, 189. Property, 247, 252, 253. Bradley, A. G., “ Wiltshire,” 1915, noticed, 442 ; Writings, 325, 449 ; Hen., on Wilts derivations, 335—337, 339, 341, 344, 348, 349. Braemore (Caithness), 195. “ Brail,” derivation, 340. Braithwaite (—), sheep stealer, 290. Brakspear, H., writings, 326. Bramdean (Hants) 133. Bramshaw (Hants), 472. Represents Yardlands trans- ferred to Wilts by Waleran Ve- nator, 197, 198. Brandon Ferry (Suff.), 471. Brasses, of John Kent, Devizes, 92, John Seymour, Gt. Bed- wyn, 131. Sir Roger de Stokke, Gt. Bedwyn, 131. Brathwaite, John, 134. Bratton, Camp, 318. Chapel to Westbury, 122. Hospit- aller property, 189. . Luc- combe Bottom=Danesley, site of Danish Camp, 318. Mel- bourne Ho., derivation, 342. Persons, see Pocock, A. Bray (Berks), 254, 256, 258. Breamore (Hants), highly polished stone celt, 371. Brecore=Brickworth (?), 352. Bredmore, John, 482. Bremblesleete, John, 452. Bremeridge (Westbury), deriva- tion, 346. Bremhilham [Bremnam]. Persons, see Bridges, Edw. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 6. Bremhill, Charlcote, derivation, 342. Church, illust., 442 ; passage from N. aisle to Chancel, use of, 163, 202. Manor held _by Bayntun family, bought by Ld. Shelburne, 509. Marden River, derivation, 342. Maud Heath’s monument, illust., 442. Persons, see Crump, James(Vic.). Spirthill, derivation, 342. Stanley, derivation, 342. Tytherton, 2. 1650, 4. Brent, Bp. C. H., 200. Brentnall, H. C., traces Wansdyke, 396 — 398. Brereton, Rich., 262. Breton=Brickworth (?), 352. Brewyn, Hen., owns Rangebourne, — 91 Vicarage, value, Briaco, St. M. de[Ivry], Priory, Minster Lovell a cell to, 456. Brickhouse= Brickworth (?), 352. Brickworth Park {Whiteparish], derivation, 352. Bricole=Brickworth (4), 352. Bridgeman family pedigree, 503. Dorothy, 503, 504. Francis, 423, 503, 506. Sir Francis, 502, 503; Founds Exhibitn, at Queen’s Coll., 504. Sir Hen., Baron Bradford, 503. John, 423; Sir John (1.), 2nd Bart., 502, 503, 504; Sir John (II.), 3rd Bart., 503, 504. Mary, 423, 5038, 505, 506. Orlando, of Clifton; 503. Sir Orlando (I.), 423; Death, Pedigree of Descendants, 502, 503 ; Grant of Bowood to, 412, 422, Sir O. (II.), 1st Bart. of Ridley, 502— 504. Sir O. (III.), 2nd Bart. Ridley 503, 504 ; Bankrupt, suicide, real history of, 505, 506. Sir O. (IV.), 4th Bart., 503: Bridges, Ed., 5, 6. Rich., 4. Bridgmoare, Thos., 228. y Bridlington (Yorks.), perforated hammer stone, 367. Special type of stone celt, 369, 370. Bridmore Farm (Berwick St John), derivation, 341. Bridzor (Wardour), derivatiou, 351. Brierlow (Derbys.), Jade-like celt, 371. Briggs, Adm., Sir C. J., 438. Bright, Hon. Anne & Nathan, 233. Dan., 230. Brigmerston, derivation, 336. Brindley, Rob , 179. Brinkworth Church, illust., 442. Persons, see Dowdewell, Dr. (Rect.) ; Harding, John (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 8, Rom. Coins, Carausius, 390. Trow Lane Farm & Idover, de- rivation, 342. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 543 Brinkworth, J. H., 71. Major W. H., obit., 71, Brismar, landowner, 336. Bristol, 244. Art Gallery, 306. Birthplace of Sir ‘Thos. Lawrence, 199. Ch. of St. Philip,199. Ch. of St.Thomas, 306. Dean & Chapter hold Advowson & Rectory of Marden, 116; hold Prebend Manor of Bradford, 218, 238, 239. Museum, objects in, 199, 203. Tolsey, 250. White Lion Inn, 92. Bristow, Ben., 206. Britford, 483. Ch., diminutive effigy, 310. 213 Squacco Heron, See also Longford. British Museum, Wilts objects, 97, 153,158,183, 276, 314, 365,376,424, Brittan, Francis, 444. Brittany, Celts of rare type from, 370, 371. Britton, John, 178, 309. M.S. Letters, given, 99. Brixton Deverill, derivation, 336. Ecbright’s Stone, 318. Whitecleave Farm, derivation, 346. See also Cold Kitchen. Broad, Rich., 235. Broad Chalke, Adze-shaped Celt, 369. And Bower Chalke, derivations (Chettle Head, Mistlebury, Vernditch, Wood- minton), 343. Hospitaller property, 189. Persons, see Hewlett, Maurice. Broad Hinton, Persons, see His- cocks, J. Rom. Brit. Inter- ments, Weir Farm, 390. Uffcote, derivation,342; Charter- house property, sold, 460. Broadleas, 91. _ Broad Mead Brook (Nettleton), 349. Broad Town Hill, Iron Age Pot- tery, 383. Broadwindsor (Dors.), 72, 472. Broc, Simon de, 473. Brockworth, Gloucester, 255. Brodie, Sir B. C., 64. C. Geo., 65. Peter, B., 64. W.B., 65, 492 ; owns Salisbury Journal, 64, 479. Brogmon, Thos., 230. Brokenborough, attached to West- port, 6. Derivation, 336. Persons, see Trenchard, Mr. (Vic.). Value, 1650, 6. Brokenshire, F. A., 51. Brome (Suff.) Charity, 443. Bromesley Copse, 255. Bromfield (Som.), 263. Bromham, 305. Battle House, 329. Church, illust., 442; visited, 201. Incense Boat Lid, 12th cent., 201. Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. Mother Anthony’s Well, Rom. Brit. building, &c, 153. Paradise family, 312, 313. Persons, see Hughes, J. Spurs found at Netherstreet, 329. See also Netherstreet ; Oliver’s Camp. Bronze Age, Lecture by F. Stevens, noticed, 97. (or Copper) Axe Hammers, Hungary, 320. Celt, Hatch House,194. Hoard, with Iron sickle, &c., 382. Knife Dagger, Scratchbury, 193. Palstave, Dinton Beeches, 425 ; Mere Church Museum, 427; Looped, Milton Hill, 215. Pins, spirally twisted, and with round top, Scratchbury, 193. Brook (Westbury), 244. Brooke, J. W., 187, 866; col- lection bought for Museum, 153 ; On Excavation of Roman Well at Cunetio, 151, 152. Lord, 224 ; Property in 8. Wraxall, 221. Mo MOS Broomfield (Som.), 308. Broomsgrove, Late Celtic Pottery, 425, ’ Broughton Gifford, ‘ Awfield,” 254, Breaches, 255. Broad Mead, 257. Chaw Pocke, 255. Church Brook, 260. Church House, 255. ‘“¢ Church lands,” 254. Hun- dells, 255. , Long Gaston, 255, Marsh, 260. Mochell Mead, 255. Marsh, 260. Persons, see Horton family. Pinncks, 260. Plumgaston, 255. Property, Deeds, 244— 248, 251—255, 258—262. Rudmans, 262. Tithingman & Constable, 1720, 231, 232. Wood Lane, 261. Brouncker, Hen., 244, 245, 253. John, 255. Rob., 251. Will, & Sir Will., 244, 253. 544 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Brown, Ben., 240, 241. “ Capa- bility Brown,” work at Bowood, 516, 518, Dan, 231. Francis, 431. Geo. (book- seller), 66. Priscilla, port., 214. Thos., 62, 232. Will. James, 240, 241. Browne, Bp. G. F. , writings, 327. John, 469. Rich., 469. Rob., 232 Thos., built Brownston Ho., Devizes, 204. Bruce, A. F., gift, 526. Charles, Lord, 300. Karl Bruce, 181. Ld. Fred., 312. Bruen, Will., 250. Brunsell, Oliver, 456, 470, 476. Bryan, Phil., 415. Brykelsw orth (Brickworth), 352. Brydport, John, 469. Bryum, species, Al, 44. Buckerfield, Barth., 134, Buckhill Gate [Bowood], 414, 421. Lands bought, 409, 506. See also Bowood. Buckholt Forest(Hants), Tithes,127 Buckland (Berks), ‘“* Barcote Ho. we N57 Buckland, Christian, 261. Buckler, Humph., 117. Buckley, Mr., 391. Buckthorn, Rust., 265. Budbury Farm, 224. Bukke, Rich., 469. Bulford, Persons, see Southby, R. Stone Celt, 367. Bulkington, 123. Persons, see Maundrell, J. Rectory, Sur- vey, 1650, 38, 39. Bull Ring, Salisbury, 90. Bull, John, 251 ; of Calne, receiver of Bowood property, 506, 516. Rob., 232. Bullock, Walt., 10. W. H., gift, 215. Bunny, Will., 191. Burbage, Anglo- Saxon Bounds of, by O. G.S. Crawford, 297 —301. “Bec,” meaning of, 299. Bishop’s Walk, 298. Boundaries, 281, 287, 290. Bowden Farm, 287, 299. Brimslade, Rom. Road, 300. Church, Architectural Notes, 1851, by W. C. Lukis, 132. Crofton, interments, 312 ; Roman Road, 312. Crow- down Clump Camp, 287, 298. Darrels manor, 282. Derivation, 287. 298, 337. Duke’s Vaunt Oak, 300. Durley, 282 ; derivation, 343. East Court, 282. Esturmye Manor, 281. = ** Fileth Cumbe,” 300. Fox Acres, 32. Grant to Abingdon Abbey by K. Edgar, 297. Harepath Farm, deri- vation, 343. Glide’s ‘Lane, 282 Harry’s Lane, 282. Herepath 298. Inham Down, 287. Leigh Hill, 282, 300. Manors in A.S. times, 282. Maps, 1810—12, 286, 301. Mar Green, 285. ‘* Mark way,” 299. “Pencely,” derivation, 286. Pendere’s Cliff, 286. Persons, see Taylor, Thos. (Vic.). Piper’s Lane, 299. Prebend & Rectory, survey, 1650, 31, 32. Ram Alley, ancient ways, 282, 299, 300. Savage manor, 282. Southgrove Farm, 286, 298. Vicarage, Advowson, & House, 1650, 31, 32. West Court, 282, 299. Wharf, 299. See also Wolf Hall. Burbidge, Sir Rich., Biog. Sketch noticed, 322. Burcombe, Persons, see Dorling, BE. (Vic). Burcombe, Edw.; Eliz.; & Will. (4. 236. Rich., 227, 233, 234, 236. Burcote (Berks), held by Edington Priory, 200. Burderop (Chiseldon), derivation, 345. Burdett, Eleanor, 316. Sir Francis (1. & IT.), 315, 316. Lady, port., 215. Robert (I. & II.), 316. Burges, Thos., 254. Burgess family, deeds, 239, 240. Burgeys, Rob., 463, 464. Burgh, or Borough, Nich., 469. Burgis, John (I. & II.), 247, 254. Thos., 254. ; Burler, John, 259. Burley, . John, 113. Burne, A. E. (Dean), port., 215. Burnham-on- Sea, 438. Burnet, Bp. Gilbert, Copy of Magna Charta, 97, 98; Lease, 428, Sir Thos., 97 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 545 Burnt Mill Lock, Wansdyke, 400. Burr, Higford, 480, 493. Burrough, Thos., 92. Burton{ Nettleton],derivation, 349, Burton Agnes, hammer stone, 365. Burwell Fen (Cambs.), stone celt, 371. Busfield, Nich., 428. Bush (-—), 447. Abraham, 226. Caroline, 237. Catherine, 236. H. C., gift, 216: John, 238, 239. Maud, 245. Paul, 246. Poss (%), 232. Thos. (1. & II.), 236— 238. Walt., 246. Bushnell, C., 241. Walt., 3. Bustard, Great, from Berwick St. James, 213. Feather found nr. Stonehenge, & last killed in Wilts, 431. Butcher, A. E., 69. Bute, Ld., 517, 518. Butler, E. A., 317. James, 262. R., 392 Reg., 214. Rob., 151 320. Buttermere Church, notes on, 1812, 182. Derivation, 337. Persons, Davidson, Dr. (Rect.) ; Gale Mr. (Curate). Rock- moor Pond, Sheepless Hill, deri- vation, 343. Well, deep, 132. Butterwick, derivation, 344. Button, John, of Calne, mason, work at Bowood, 510, 514, 515, 519. Sir Will., 428. - Buxbury Hill(Swallowcliffe), Jack- daws nesting, 430. Buxton, Major, G. J., 89 ; gift, 526. Mrs., gift., 526, Buzzard, 182. Bydemill, derivation, 347. Byfield, Emanuel, & Sarah, 240, 241, Bysey, Will., 241. Bythesea, C., will, 199. Cadbury (Dev.), 248. Cadby, Anna Maria, 241. Charles & Rob., 236. Cadenham [Cadman], 5. Cadley (Dev.), 248. (Savernake), 360 ; School, 398. Caeoma, species, 265. ‘Cafe, John, silversmith, 85. Caillard, E. M., writings, 327. Callas Hill, Rom. Road, 272. Calleva, 272. Calley, Arabella, 132. Family, of Burderop, 459. Mrs. Oliver, 459. Calne, 305. Floods 1882 & 1920, illusts., 181. Free School, exhibition at Queen’s Coll., Oxon, founded, 504. Harris’ Bacon Factory, art. on, noticed, 89. Hospitallers’ property, 189. Hundred, Church Survey 1650, 8, 9, 14—16. Manor held by '. Pickett, 433. Map of Parish 1829, 433. May Day service, 328. (Juemerford, deed, 428. Persons, see Bridgeman, Sin OL Bulli J." Buttons Jag Colenut, J.; Frayling, J. ; Gale, T.; Hort, Dr. R.; Lowe, G. ; Ludgate, J. T. ; Mortimer, W. (Vic.); Nash, F.; Pym, J.(M.P.); Townsend, Alderman, (M.P.) ; Wyatt, 'T- Rectory & Manor held by Treasurer of Sarum, 14, 15; Survey of 1650, 14—16. Studley Ho., 426. Vicarage advowson, & value of, 1650, 8, 15; Tithe on Bowood, 421, 508. See also Berwick Bassett; Bevers- brook; Blackland; Bowood ; Buckhill; Calstone ; Cherhill ; Eastmanstrete ; Quemerford ; Stockley; Studley ; Whetham. Calstone Wellington, Map, 433. Rainfall April 9th, 1920, 182. Persons, see Jennings, Nich. (Rect.) Rectory, value 1650, 9. Tything of Calne, 15. Camboglans(Amboglans)=Birdos- wald, 88. Cambridge Univ. Press, gift, 449. Cameron, A., port., 214. Campanula, Galls, 354, 359. Campbell, Major-Gen., Sir Guy, & Pamela, 73. Campylopus, species, 41, 42. Canada, H.M.S., 437. Candover (Hants), derivation, 342. Cane Hill, Devizes, 191. Cannington (Som.), 220, 226, 248. Cannings Boreton, see Bishops Cannings. Cannings Canonicorum, Rectory & Manor, value 1642, 109. Cannings Hundred, Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. 046 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Cannings, R., gift, 366. Cannon Balls, Devizes, 98. Canteloe, Ann; Betty; John; Walter, 259. Cantrill, T. C., 172. Capetown Dioc. Coll., 4738. Capel, Miss, 70. Capp, James, 232. Capsella, Gall, 355. Carburie, Edw., 245. Will, 245, 246, Cardiff Museum, objects, 382. Cardigan, James Thos., Earl of, trial, 449. Cardmaker, Rich., 315. Carey [Cary], Missionary, 210. Geo., property at Bowood, 433. Family owns Chippen- ham Forest, 410. Carlini, sculptor, work at Bowood, 5138, Carlton Ho., 513. Carpenter, H. W. (Archdeacon), writings, 329. John, 244, 252, 258. John Rich., 256. ‘Rich, 258. Ursula, 256, 258, | Carriages, Post Phaeton & State carriage, described, 211. Carrington, Mr., 145. Carter, Ben. & ‘Thos., masons, 513. K. G., port., 214. Thos., 236, 237, 240. Carteret, Ld., 505. Carving, names of ornaments, 514, Case, John, builder, 518. Caslon, Mr., 62. Castell, John & Will., 247. Castle Bromwich, 504. Castle Eaton,;& Lushill, derivation, 337, 343. Cassidy, John, work, 89. Castlecombe, cottages, condemned, report & art. on, noticed, 90, 91. Church, Cross & Bridge, illusts., 90, 91. Illusts, 442, Persons, see Flower, "Rob. ony Rectory, value, 1650, Woodford Brake, deri- ae 343, Castlehaven, Earl of, property, 15 ; at Bowood, 419, 420. James, Earl of, deed, 428. See Audley, Mervin, Ld. Castles, see Longford, Mere, Sher- ington, Wardour. Cater, Rog., 121. Thos., 224. Catherine, of Braganza, owns Bo- wood, 503. Catherinea, species, 40, 42. Cathill (Bowood), 418. Catton (Derbys.), 254. Cavenham (Suff.), celt, 370. Ceaduella, K. of Wessex, gives Elingdon to Malmesbury. 453. Ceawlin defeated at Wanborough, 272. Celandine, Rust, 270. Centaurea, Gall, 354, 358. Centenarians, see Awdry, Justly W.; Curly, Tom. ‘Cephalozia, species, 48. Cephaloziella, species, 40, 41, 48. Cerney Wick (Gloucs. ).. Lock é& Round House, 442. Cetraria, species, 40, 49. ‘Cetera Mary,” see Chitterne St. Mary. Chaddington (Lydiard Tregoze), derivation, 348. Chaderton [Chatterton], Edmund, 464, 465. Chadwell (Whiteparish), deriva- tion, 352. Chadwell, Edmund, 477. Chafin [Chaffin; Chafyn], Leonard, 106. Marg., 245. Thos. (I. & IT.), 106, 243—245. - Chalfield, ten, [Charvel Magna], Constables & 'Tithingmeu 1720, DSie Manor & Church, Buckler drawings, 190; Visited, 195. Chalfont Grove (Bucks), 439. Chalk, Flints, origin of, 304. Water Supply in Wilts, 207. ‘‘ Chalking the Bellows” method of letting land, 80. Chamberlaine, Mrs., 8. Cath., d. of Sir Thos., 187. “* Chamberlaynes,” see Purton Ho. Chambers, Rob., 246. i Champion, The ” (newspaper, 57, one te John, 249, Chanchell, Will. , O55, Chandler ‘{Chaundler], Christian ; John; & Jos., 229. Susanna, 222, T., 389. Will., 223, 274, 389. Chandos, Ld ,builds Purton Manor, 80. Chantrell, Will., 257—259, Chaplin, Mr. (M.P.), 480, 481. l \ i ———— END Exe, LOR ViOiLy xan: Chapman, John, 256. Rich., 232, 241. Sam., 236. Walt., 245. Chapmanslade, derivation, 337. Persons, see Watkins, Isaac. Chardstock Prebend, 465. Charlcote [Bremhill], derivation, 342. Held by Malmesbury Abbey, 342. Charlton Hawthorne (Som.), 235. Charlton (N. Wilts). attached to Westport, 6. Gt. Lipe Farm, derivation, 343. _ Persons, see Whitley, Will. (Vic.). Vicarage, value, 7. Charmbury, Fr., 260. Charminster (Dors.) Mollusca, 144. Charterhouse Hinton (Som.), 249, _ 250, Gpapverhouse on Mendip (Som.), 45. Charterhouse founded by Sir R. Sutton, 460. N. Wilts Estate sold, 460. Property at Wroughton, 476. Chartley, Wild Boars, 201. Chedsey (Som.), 467. Chelcombe (Mere), derivation, 349. Chell, Will., obit. & port., 72. es Hospital, foundation of, 3. Cheltenham, 266. Chelworth [Chillworth], 248, 249. Chepmen, R., see Chapman. Cherhill, animal bones, 98. Curate’s salary, 1650, 16. Donative Living, value, 9, 15. Persons, see Stevens, J. (Rect.). Rainfall, Ap. 9, 1920, 182. Tithing in Calne, 15. - Cheriton (Hants), 468. Cheriton Fitzpaine (Dev.), 248. Chesinbury, see Chisenbury. Cheshire, Dr., 6. Chester Museum, objects, 375. Chesterton (Oxon.), 472. Cheswell, Rich., 257. Chettle Head Copse (Chalke), derivation, 343. Chetwind, John, 255. Cheverell, Gt., Cattle Bells made, 73. ‘‘ Hicks” tenement, 252. Persons, see Bartley, W. ; __ Lancaster, W. Property, 252. _Chevers, Gab., 232. Cheves, Hugh, 252. Chicheley, John, 220, 221. VOL. XLI—NO. CXXXVI. | | 547 Chichester, Earl of, 239. Chicklade Bottom, Trackway, 318. Clcewell in Hemington (Som.), 43, Chilbolton (Hunts.), 126. Child family, 205, 206. Chilmark, derivation, 387. Chiloscyphus (error corrected), 48. Chilton Foliat, Church & Rectory, notes on, 1812, 132. Galls, 359. Mollusca, 146. Persons, see Bigg, M.; Craven, J.; Meyrick, A., Piper, J.; Popham, E. Rector, 473. Chilton (Wroughton), derivation, 358. Farm sold, 460, Chinese wall paper, Ramsbury,316. Chippenham, 57. Church Survey, Rectory, d&c., 1649, 1. Civil War, 319. De- rivations [Cockleberry ; Foules- wick; Lowden; Rowden], 343, 344, Forest [Pewsham], Boundaries, 407: held by Earl of Anglesey, 410: by Q. Mar- garet, 408; Perambulations of Kd. III., 407, 408; Tithes, 126. Hundred, Church Survey 1650, 1—S, 10, 11. “ Pad- docks, The,” 70. Persons, see Awdry, J. W. ; W. H.; Brink- worth, J. H.; W. H.; Gyer, J.; Hamblin, A.; Hull family; Hyatt, Mr.; Merewether, J. ; Scott, J.; Shuter, J.; Yockney, Be Rey Wo. Part of Tytherton Lucas in, 1650, 2. Rectory, tithes, 126. Vicarage, Survey 1650, 1. Chirton, Conock, derivation, 345. Chisbury, [Little Bedwyn], Ben- nett’s Copse [Corner], Wansdyke, 399. Camp, date of, 281 ; Wansdyke, 398, 399. Lane, 268, 360 ; Wansdyke, 399. London Ride, 399. Park Copse, 399. Prebend, 462. Tithes, 38. Village, 399. Wood, Alge, 51; Galls, 355, 358, 364; Hepatics, 41, 46, 47,48: Lichens, 49, 50 ; Mollusca, 141 ; Mosses, 40—45 : Rusts, 266, 268—270. Chiseldon, Burderop, derivation, 345. Camp, 434. Church services, Plate, &c,,notes, 1812; 132, Persons, see 2G) 548 “INDEX TO VOL. Xt. Calley; Arabella; Warner, Mr. (Vic.) Plough Hill Rom. Vicarage, 459. Chisenbury & Chute, Prebend, Survey 1650, 32. Hospital- lers’ property, 189, Chitgrove, 178. Chitterne, derivation, 337, 339. Flower family, 444. Persons, see Sylvester, W. C. K. (Vic.). Vicarage & Barn, 19. Woman married in her shift, 432. Chitterne St. Mary [Cetera Mary]. 19. Rectory, Survey 1650, 19. Chittoe, Nonsuch Ho., 305. Persons, see Meredith- Brown, M. Chivers, Mark & Mrs., ports., 215. Rob., 253. Choir Screens derived from Am- bons, 82, 83. “ Pulpitum,”’ use of, 82—84, Cholse, Widow, 25. Cholsey (Berks), Lollingdon Hill, derivation, 344. Chorister Bishop, origin of custom, 310. See Boy Bishop. Choulston (Figheldean), ee tion, 346, Christian Malford, Customs be- longing to the Manor, 1614, and Rectory Manor, 1744, by G. A. H. White, 174— 177. Dodford, derivation, 345. Avon parishioners attend Church, 5. Heyday Street, 175. Persons, see Doleman, Will. (Rect.); Morris, James ; Tuck, Adam; White, F’. Rectory, value, 1650, 9. Stone Mead, 174. Thornend, ie, Chubb,Sir C. H., gives Stonehenge to the Nation, 168. Church : Plate, Coffin Chalice in tomb of Bp. Bingham, Salisb. Cath., 179; in Marlborough & Cricklade Deaneries, 1812, 129 —136. Seats in, Title Deed, 253. Services and H. Com. in Marlborough & Cricklade Deaneries, 1812, 129—136. Church Survey in Wilts 1649— 50, 128. Churches in Deaneries of Marl- borough& Cricklade, 1812, Notes 1—39, 105— on, 129—136. Passages from N. aisle to chancel, use of, 202. See Avebury ; Bishops Cannings; Boyton; Bradford- on-Avon; Bremhill; Codford St. Peter ; Edington ; Heytes- bury ; Hilmarton: Inmber; Keevil; Mere; Potterne; Sher- rington ; Somerford, Gt. ; Steeple Ashton ; Stockton. Churton (Ches. ), 110. Chute, Archdeacon of, 35. Causeway, Rom. Rad., 272-312) 405. Conholt Park, deri- vation, 345. Down, Wans- dyke, 4.02, 4038, 405, Forests (Wiltshire & Hampshire), Tithes 125, 126. Persons, see Elston, Mr.; Jolly, Hen.(Vic.); Richards, Will. & Ann; Sotwell family. Rectory & Prebend, Sur- vey, 1605, 32, 33. Vicarage, Advowson, 32, de: Walks Wood, 125. Cipriani, work at Bowood, &c., 515. Circeea, Kust, 267. Cirencester, 405, Rom. Road, O72. Cissa at Gt. Bedwyn, 281. Cissbury, Neolithic flints, 87. Clack (Lyneham), derivation, 349, Cladonia, species, 40, 49. Clanger Wood (Haywood), deriva- tion, 347. Clanricard, Frances, Countess of, 219, 241. Rich., Earl of, 219, 241. Ulicke, Earl of, 220. Clapcote (Grittleton), derivation, 346. Clapperton, Kenneth & Walt., printers, 490. “ Clapperton’s Register,” 490. Clare Coll., Cambs., 435. Clare, John, 508. Clarendon Park, 412. Tithe of Wood, 127. Clarendon, Ed., Earl of, at Purton, 79. Clark, Humph., 232. J. W., 59. John, 249, 250, 259. Clarke, A. H. T., writings, 328, 436. John, 222, 232, 250. John B., 256. Mary, 220. Rich., 220. Thos., 22. W. H. M., 213. Clark-Kennedy, A. C., 458, 472. Clatford Valley, Sarsens, Hepatics, | | INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 549 48. Stone Circle formerly existing, 523. See also Devil’s Den. Clattinger(Oaksey),derivation,350. Clausilia, species, 137, 138, 148. Clavell [Clavill], (—), farms Pre- . bend Manor of Bradford, 237. Will., 237, 238. Clay, Dr. R. C., Notes, 425, 429, 430. Cleeve, White Cleeve, Rowden’s Cleeve, derivation, 286. Clement, Eliz. & Thos., 260. Simon, 462. Clere (Hants), 281. Clerisseau architect, 519. Olerk, Sir John, 426. Rob., 517. Clevancy, derivation, 286. Cleverton, derivation, 345. Cleves, Hugh, 252. Clift, Steph. B., 241. Clifton Coll., 439. dens, 430. Clifton, Sir Gervase, holds Bo- wood, 412. Climacium, species, 44, 45. Cloatley (Hankerton), derivation, 347. Clockmakers, see Ettry, Joel. Cloford (Som.), 247. Cloth trade, see Devizes. Clotley (Studley), Field name, 426. Clouds (E. Knoyle), 73, 302. Clover, Rusts, 265. Clowes, W. Ti, 68. Clutsom, ACD. , acts as guide, 388. Gen. Zool. Gar- Clutterbuck, arms & seal, 263. Dan., 235, 236, 239, 240, Lewis, 263. Susanna, 221. | Clyffe Pypard (White Cleeve), Church Brass, 309. Comma Butterfly, 431. Derivation, 286. Little Owl, 183, 430. Persons, see Goddard, H. N.; Wilson, Vice-Adm. W. Rainfall, Ap. 9, 1920, 182. Siskin, 95. Stanmore, de- _ frivation, 345. Woodstreet, | 430, _Cnicus acaulis, 144. Tuber: osus, 309. _Coaley (Gloucs.), 472. Coate Reservoir (Chiseldon),illust., 449. See also Bishops Can- ’ nings. | Coates (Gloucs.), 13. Cobham, 92. Cobham Frith (Savernake), Galls, 360. Cochlicopa, species, 149. Cochrane, A. S., 203. Cockey, Ann & Leonard, 33. Louis and Will, 213. Cockleberry (Chippenham), deri- vation, 344. Codford St. Peter, Church, Pre- Norman Stone, Font, &c., 387. George Inn, 387. Persons, see Blake, A. : Codrington family rent and buy Wroughton Rectory, 459, 477. Canon, 459. Mary, 459, 468, 478. Thos. Stretton, 459, 472, 473, 478. Will, 136, 459, 468, 472, 478. Will. Wyndham, 457, 458, 477; Buys Wroughton Manor, 478. Coins, English Silver, found at Grittleton, 98. See Roman. Coke, Nath., 257. Coker, Thos., 136. Colchester Museum, Rom. Pottery, 155. Cold Kitchen Hill, Iron Age Pot- tery, 383. La Tene fibule, 215. Oyster shells used for mixing with clay for pottery, 427. Rom.-Brit. objects, 215. Coldashton (Gloucs.), 256. Coldridge Wood (Chute), Dyke,405. Cole, Hen., 251. Rob., 464, 469. Coleing, Miss, 72. Colenut, Jack, port,, 214. Coleosporium, species, 267, 268. Coleridge,Gilbert, writings noticed, 93. Colerne, derivation, 338. Ku- ridge, derivation, 345. Persons, sec Huggins, Mr. (Vic.). Rom. Villa, worked flints on site, 172. Vicar, 472. Vicarage, value, 1650, 2. Coles, Mich., 247. Thos., 21, 23. Colesborne (Gloucs.), 262. Coleshill (Berks), held by Edington Priory, 200. Colias edusa, 1920, 186. Colleton, Eliz., d. of Thos., 204. Collett, John, 222. Joseph, 261. Milly, 261... Nich; 261. Collibre, Edw., B. & Eliz., 2 Collier [Collyer], E., on Mollusca, 145. Capt. J. Howard, obit., 439, Thos., 4. 2 Q 2 550 INDEX TO VOL. XL1I. Collingbourne Abbatis. Rectors, see Corp., John. Collingbourne Brunton, map, 1825, 301. Collingbourne Ducis,Church plate, ISI ealia2 Persons, see Francis, Ch. (Rect.); Tanner G. F. (Rect.). Rectory Ho., &e., notes on, 1812, 132. Collingbourne Kingstone, ay Souls’ Day, gifts, 35. A.S. Boundaries, 285, 287. Church Plate, 1812, 188. Fields, Daddy Croft, Prestland, Ship- croft, 34. Payments to Salis- bury and Archdeacons, 35. Persons, see Andrews, Mr., Blan- chett, G.; Hide, Mr.; Jarrett, N.; Long, Mr. ; Norris, J.; Pile, Sir F.; Vince, Mr.; Westcombe, Nich. (Vic.). Rectory held ‘by Winchester Chapter, 33; Survey of, 1650, 33—35. “ Streetgate,” 284. Vicarage and services, 1812, Notes on, 133; Patronage and value, 35; New Vicarage built, 133. Collingbourne Lodge, Dyke, 403, 405. Stream, 285, 287 ; Wood, glossy flints, by ‘Ay D: Passmore, 183 ; Oakely ride, Whittle Copse, Oxdown Copse, Course of Wansdyke, 402—405. Collins, Ben., banker, 61; Book- seller & printer, 54, 56, 58, 60; Death, 62; Owned Salisbury Journal, 58; Publisher, 60, 61. Ben Ch. publishes “‘ Salisbury Journal,” 56, 61, 64; ‘‘ County Mag.,” 63. Francis,59. Will., Bookseller & printer, 54, 55, 56, 64. W.G.on Rom. Brit. site at Westwood, 171, 172; gifts, 98, 330. Collins, Brown, Smith & Tamlyn, bankers, 62. Collings, Will., 191. Coln St. Aldwyn, 448. Colnaghi, Messrs., 448. Colsborne (Gloucs.), 255. Colston, Mr., buys Roundway, 313. Coltsfoot, Rust, 267. Colthurst, Lady Charlotte, 513. Colville, H., gift, 526. Colwall, 72. Combe Hawey, see Combe. Comberwell, Constable & Tithing- man, 231. Comma Butterfly, 186, 431. Compton Bassett. Persons, see Nisbett, J. Rainfall, Ap. 9th, 1920, 182. Rectory, value, 1650, 8, 9. Tithing, 15, Compton (—), 191. Geo., 245. Sir Will, grantee of Elcombe, | 460. Conant, John, 468, 471. Conigre Mill, Calne, 408. See also Conyger. Congo, glossy flints, 183. Conholt Park (Chute), derivation, 345, Conkwell, Flint Arrow Head, 98. ‘‘ Connoisseur,” paper, 58. Connold, Ed., 355. Conocephalum, species, 46. Conock (Chirton), derivation, 345, soe Bp. Hallum, buried. Contarinia, species, 355. Cony, Geo., 220, 221, 226. Conyger (Bedwyn), 266. Cook, Mrs., port., 79. A., 215. Cooksey, C. F., on Stonehenge, noticed, 446. / Cookson, H. T., obit., 194. W. T., 194 Coombe Hawey [Hay] (Som.), Manor, &c., 260. Coombs, A. W., printer, 484, 485. John, 260. Cooper, Mr., 236. & II.), 234, 236. - 231, 233, 235. Sam., 233. Sarah, 234. Sibell, 219. Susan, 207. Thos. (1. & If), 2191229. 907% 234, 235, 236, Cope, Edm., 477 Cone (Ches. ), Kent family, beers John, 108. Corduroy, Rob., 444: Corea, lst Bp. of, 439. Frances (I. John, 227, Rob., 231, 232. Corfe, Miss, 438. A. T. & Ch., organists, 439. Bp. Ch. John, obit., 439. John, 200. Corinium, 272. Cornick, Rob. & Joan, 282. Cornus, Gall, 358. Cornwall, Rich. of, builds Mere Castle, 384. ‘“‘ Corporax,” 469, Sa ae INDEX TO VOL. XII. 551 Corsham, Beechfield Ho., 70. Flemish Houses, 442. Lypiat Farm, derivation, 345. Persons, see Dyer, Ed. (Vic.) ; Goldney, Sir Gab. & Sir J. T. ; Wootton, D. Mason’s Yard, illust., 442, Vicarage, value, 1650, 4, 5. ) Corsley, Persons, see Cookson, H. : Property, 244, 252, 256, 258. Sturford Mead, 195. ‘* Whitbourne,” 258. — Corston, Chapel to Malmesbury, 5. Corstopitum, 275. Cosmas & Damian, 8.S., Churches dedicated to, 387. Costow Bridge (Wroughton), de- rivation, 353. Farm sold, 460. Cotes, Maria, 305. Cottage architecture, value of, 90. Cottages, old, report on treatment of, 90, 91. Cotterell, T. S., gift, 99. Cottesbroke (Northants), 316. corre Ho. (Atworth), derivation, Cottle [Cottles], Ben., 228. Charles, 228, 230. Edw., 227, John, 228, 240, 263. Maria, 231. Mary, 231. Will., 263. Cotton, Mr., 181. Coulston, see Baynton Manor. ‘**County Magazine,” Hist. of, 63. Coupland, John, printer, 490, 491. Courage, R. 'I’., on Polecat, 429. Courtney, Sir Will., 248. Coutts, Thos. & Sophia, 316. Couzens, Hugh, 223. **Covent Garden Journal,” 58. Coventry, Bp. of, 213. Cow Bell, old, 449. Cow White Tithes, 120, 121. Coward, Ch., 205. EKdw., gift, 526 ; notes, 96, 313. Cowic=Conock ?, 345. Cowie, D. W. E., restores Sutton Veny Old Rectory, 386. Cowles, Rob. (I. & IT.), 219. Cowlman, Thos., 476. Cox, Gab., 231, 233. Thos. T., printer, 484, 485. Coxe, Mr., 7. Coxedd, Geo., 247. Crabb, Will., 236. “ Craftsman,” paper, 55. Cranborne Chase, Deer stealing and case of Ld. Rivers, art. on, noticed, 209. Crataegus, Galls, 357. Cratford, Ch., 249—252. Craven, John, 132. ; Crawford, O. G. S., 183, 404, 412, 427; Gifts, 167, 329, 379; Notes & remarks, 375, 381, 398, 434; Anglo-Saxon Bounds of Bedwyn & Burbage, 281 —301 (Map); attacks astro- nomical theory of Stonehenge, 385, 386; on Rom.-Brit. Kiln at Oaksey, 424 ; on Rom. Roads of Wilts, 166; Writings, 371. Cray, Will., 232. Creese, Will., 255. Crespin, Paul, silversmith, work, 85, 86. Cresswell, C. R. E., 198. Crichton, I.., 85. Cricklade, Abingdon Court Manor, 29. Browne’s Close, ‘‘ Cul- “ Dudgmore,” ‘ Fur- field,” ‘* Hitchin,” ‘* Kinges Marsh,” & “* Pett Close,” fields, 28. Derivations of Hailstone Hill, River Key, Seven Bridges, Widhill, 345. Forest, see Braydon. Gospel Oak, meeting place of Augustine & British Bishops ?, 321, 322; stump of tree in Vicarage garden, Ulust., 321. Hospitallers’ property, 189. Murder of S. Rodway, 81. Persons, see Fox, Sir Stephen & Charles; Hodges, Thos.; Lynn, And. (Vic.).; Nichols, Rob. (M.P.) Property, 248, 249. Read lands, 28. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 28, 29. “Ridgeway,” 28. Rom. coins & pottery, 390, 391. Rural Deanery, 1812, notes on, 129—136. St. Mary’s Church & Cross, illust., 321. St. Sampson’s Church & Cross, illusts., 321, 442. Saxon coins minted at, 322. “Spittle” field, 29. Acres,” 28. 1650, 29. Crispe, Tobias, 470. Crocker, Phil., 427. Crofton (Bedwyn), Kennet & Avon “Tythe Vicarage value 552 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Canal, 355. Manor, 281. Mosses, 41, 45. Rusts, 269. Cromwell, Oliver, 326. Crooke, John, 221, 222, 227, 232. Maria, 227. Cross, Evan, 196. Crossbow, Beckhampton, 98. Srosse, Francis, 110. Hen., 248. Crosses, see Aldbourne ; Malmes- bury ; Stourton. Croucheston (Bishopstone), deri- vation, 341, Crowch, Ch., 251. Rich. & Mary, 27, 28. Crowdon Clump, Earthworks, 285, 287. Croydon (Surrey), 245. Crudwell, 425. Derivations of Flistridge Hill ; Morley Farm ; Pill Bridge, 345, 346. Persons, see Nevill, Geo. (Vic.). Vicar- age, value, 1650, 7. Crump, James, 4. “ Crundel,” meaning of, 285. Cruse, Thos., 433. Cudlip, Tom., 486, 487. Cuffe, Mich. & Eliz., 255. Cuffs Gate or Corner (Bowood), 212, 413, 415, 416. Cumber, W. J., 91. Cumberwell (Bradford),Constable, 232. Derivation, 342. Cunetio= Marlborough, 272, 405, 406. Rom. Road, 289, 300 : to Spine, course of, 296. Rom. occupation, end of, 152. See also Mildenhall. Cunnage (Mere), derivation, 349. Cunnington, Capt. B. H., 383; gifts, 98, 99, 167, 215, 216, 378, 380, 449 : - Meeting secretary, 170, 381, 384 ; note, 96; on Blue Stones: in Bowles Barrow, 172—174 ; writings, 319. ° Miss, 148. Mrs. M. E., 151, 170, 425 ; gifts, 99, 167, 215, 216, 378, 379,449 ; onexcavations at All Cannings Cross Farm (read), 381 ; on pottery from well at Cunetio, 153—159 (plates) ; on stone mould, 99; Remarks, 163; Restores pottery vessels, 380 ; vote of thanks, to 383 ; Work for the Society, 164; Writings, 327. Will., F.S. Ad Original letters of, 172: Tomb & Monument at Heytesbury, 388. Will., F.G.S., & Hen.; open Bowles Barrow, 173. Curle, John & Anne, 235. Curlew, 317. Curll, E., 178. Curly Tom, centenarian, 81. Cursdon, F., 226. Curteis, Griffin, 98 ; (I. & II.) Mon- ument, &c., art. on, noticed, 88. John, 251. Curtis, Thos., 255. Curtise, Edw., 255. Cusack, Frances E. M., d. of James, Wl Cutbert, Ralfe, 223. Thos., 218. Cutele owned Cottles, 340. Cuttice Down (Berwick St. John), 341. Cygnet, H.M.S., 437. Cynips ; Cynipidae, 355, 362. Cystophora, 355, 359. Cystopus, 355. “ Daily Journal, The,” 61. Dale, Mr., 371. Dally, Edw., 223. d’Almaine, H. G. W., gift, 526. Dalton, John of, 463. Rob., 222.. Damerham Church, Architecture, Norman ‘Tympanum, Wall Paintings, 88. North, Hun- dred, Church Survey, 1650, 9, 10. Dandelion, Rust, 268. Daniel, Bp. of Winchester, Monk of Malmesbury, 452. ‘Daniell, Mr. 113. Will, 248. Daniel’s Lane, Wansdyke, 401. Dansey, John, 256. Danvers, Anth., 427. Hunger- ford (I. & II.), 427. Giles, of S. Marston, MS. Note Bk. de- scribed, 427, 428. Darbishire, O.W. & Mrs. , ports, 214. Dark, (— y 261. Darling, Fred, 438. 438. Dartmouth, Will. Legge, Ist Karl of 503. Dartnell, H. W. & Miss, gifts, 99. Dashwood, Frances, 503. Daundeley, John, 474, Dauntsey, Derivation, 338. Persons, see Cheshire, Dr. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 6. Dauntseye, Sir John, 253. Sam., obit., Davenant, Dr., 9. Mr., 133. Edw,, 15. John, Bp. of Salisbury, 253. Rob., 2. INDEX TO VOL. XL. 553 James, 444, Thos, 239 Davidson, Dr., 132. Davis, Frances, 228. Will., 231. Davyes, Hen., 178. Davys, Marg., 254. Dawe, Charles; Edm.; John, 235. Dawkins, Sir Will. Boyd, on Pre- historic Inhabitants of Wilts (read), 164; on origin of Blue Stones of Stonehenge, 162; on Stone Implements, 374, 377; Remarks 162. “ Dawks News Letter,” 1698, 483. Day, G. E., port., 214. Rob., collection sold, 377. S.G., 384. De Candole, Alec, writings, 324. De la More, John, 473. De la Pasture, Mrs. H., writings, 324, Dean, East, Persons, see Whitlock, Steph. & Agnes. Dean, West, 200. Deans & Chapters, Act abolishing, 11. Deans Court (Wimborne), 249. Dechelette, M., on Kom. Pottery, 155. Deeds, Old Wiltshire, 428. Appeal for preservation of, 167. Given to Library, 98—100. Deeds, Will., 239. Deers’ Horn from Barrow, 98. Del Moral, Ramon, Marquis, 307. Dell, W., 256. “Dene,” “ Denu,” meaning of, 294. Dennington (Som.), 235. Denny, Rev. E., 387. Dennys, Will., 255, 258. Dent, E. E., 381. Dereson, Will., lands at Bowood, 409. Derrie Gate (Bowood), 213. Derry Hill=Red Hill, Derivation, 413, Derwent, Leith, see Veitch, J. L. Derwentwater, Rampsholmelsland, Stone Axe, 376. Descrambes, John, 471. Despenser, Hugh de, 461. Deverill Valley, 318, 384. Deverell, Ann, 220. Dan. (I. & IL), 220, 223, 224,226. Gab., 221. Jeffery, 220. Rog., 232. Simon, 225. Devil’s Den, Clatford Bottom, account of the Monument and of work to strengthen the N.E. upright. By A.D. Passmore, 523—530 (figs.) Art. on noticed, 92. Capstone, rocked, 525; Weight of 524. Crack in upright, 524, Date of slipping of N.W. upright, 524. Exca- vations, nothing found, 525. Illusts. & plan, 442, 527—530. List of subscriptions & accounts, 380, 526. Remains of Long Barrow, described, 523. Remains of passage or entrance, stones formerly existing, 524. Upright concreted, 524. Devil’s Dyke, 338. Devizes, 57, 328. Black Bear Hotel, 92. “ Boot, The,” 315. Bridewell, Remains of, 206. Bridewell St., No. 31, 32, Hist. of, noticed, 206, 207; Property of Hospitallers (%), 189. Brittox, No. 7, Hist. of, noticed, 205, 206. Brownston Ho., Hist. of, noticed, 204; visited, 170 ; Water pipe heads, 204. Caen Hill, 191. Cannon Balls, 98. Castle, ‘‘ History and Komance,” by E. H. Stone, noticed, 78, 79; Hist., type- written in Museum, by E. H. Stone, 78 ; Ho. & gardens, illust., 78 ; in 1654, 192 ; King’s Ho., 78 ; Letters on, noticed, 209; Owned New Park, 313; Plans, 78 ; Tower, illust., 78; visited, 170 ; Waylen’s Picture, 78. Charters, ‘translations, 79. Cloth trade, earliest record, 204. Deeds, ‘““ Devizes Adver- Drapers’ Com- pany, origin, 205. Flower family, 444. Fox family, 428 . Green, The, 312. Greystone Ho., visited, 170. Hand & Shears, Inn, 204. Harb, he,’ Sis: Hart- moor, 215. ‘ Hazelands, The,” Hist. of, noticed, 314, 315. High St.,No. 2, Hist. of, noticed, 205. Hope family, 444, Hospital of St. John, 206. In 1723, illust., 78. Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. Lease, 428, Leathersellers’ Com- pany, origin, 205. Leper given, 99. tiser,” 194. 554 INDEX TO VOL. XLi. Hospital of SS. James & Diony- sius, 206. illust., 442. Mercers’ Com. pany, origin, 205. Merchant Guild, 205. Mollusca, 148. Devizes Museum, 171, 309, 424. Additions, 98—100, 329—330, 380, 449—450. Bequest of paleoliths, by S. B. Dixon, 379. Brooke Colln., 367, 369, 371, 372. Cases given by Capt. & Mrs. Cunnington, & exors. of 8. B. Dixon, 379, 380. Gifts to, 215, 216. for old Wilts Deeds, and Sale Particulars, 167, 168 ; Non- Wilts Deeds sold, 167 ; Ordnance Maps bound, 167. Maintenance Fund, 103, 166, 167, 332. Stone Implements, &c., 183, 184, 187, 188, 367, 368, 371, 372. Stourhead Colln., 368, 380. Visited, 170. Devizes, New Market Tavern, 204. Nicholas family, 315. Old Houses, by Ed. Kite, noticed, 204 —207, 314, 315, 444, 445, Old Park, acreage, 192; Black- water, 191 ; Bowling Alley, 1654, 192; Bucks for Q. Eliz., 79; Lodge Grounds, 191; Survey of, 1654, 191—193. Old Port=Parish of St. Mary’s, 206. Paradise family, 313. Plan of town in 18th cent., 78. ‘“‘ Procession Walk ” or Town Ditch, perambulated by Rectors, 207. Property, 248, 252. Quarter Sessions, 447. Rector & Prior of St. John’s Hospital, Dispute, 206. St. John’s Church, Brass, 92 ; Chan- try endowed, 3815; illust., 442 ; Visited, 170. St. John’s Court, 205. St. John’s Street, Nos. 12, 28, 24, Hist. of, noticed, 206, 315. St. Mary’s Church, Visited, 170. Schools, Private, 18th to 20th cent., List of, noticed, 207. Scribbling Horse Inn, 204. Seal, Leaden, 98. Tokens, 444. “ Towne Garden,” 1654, 192. Turn- pike Toll Tickets, 329. Visited, 170. Walker’s Tem- perance Hotel, 205. Water Works, Report on water supply, Market Place, - Library, appeal. 1920, noticed, 207, 208. “Wheat Sheaf,The,”315. Wilts Arch. Soc. & Arch. Inst. Meeting & Report, 1920, 160—171, 381, 449. Wolfe, Lt.-Gen., at, 204. Women’s Emergency Corps, 303. Woolpack Inn, 204. Workers’ Educational Assocn., 319. Devonshire Ho., 518. Devonshire, Duchess of, port., 215. Dewlish (Dors.), Glossy Flints, 183. Dick [Dicke; Dicke], Ben, 220. Edw., 221. Geo., 225. John, 225. Thos., 233, 235. Will., 191, 231. Dickson, Gen., 170. Dicramella, species, 42. Dicranum, species, 42. Diddington, 198. Digges, Giles, 252 Will., 254. Dilton, Chapel to Westbury, 122. Bremeridge; Penleigh ; derivation, 346. Property, 253. Dimont, C. T., writings, 326. Dinton Beeches, Bronze Palstave, 425. : Diss (Norf.), 136, 459. School, A471. Diston, Anth., 243. Ditteridge [Ditchrudge], Persons, see Bridges, Rich. (Rect.). Property, 246, 247. Rectory & Vicarage, value, 1650, 4. Dixon Capt. Arth., 304. H.N. on Mosses, 41—45. Steph. Brown, obit. & list of writings, 304; Bequest, 329, 330, 367. Dock, Rust, 268. Dodford (Christian Malford), de- rivation, 345. Dods Down Brickworks, Hepatics, 48; Lichens, 49; Mosses, 44. Dog Mercury, Rust, 264. Doleman, Will.,9. - Dolman, Mr., 5. Don, H.M.S., 437. Donhead, Witches, 181. Donlewe Hundred, 348. Donnithorne, H. E., 326. Donwick, Ch., 231. Dorchester, 59. Dorling, E. E., 179. Dotesio, W. C., 210, Dotterel, 431. Museum, 393. INDEX TO Doughty, John; Rich.; Sam. 108, 109. Douin, M., on Mosses, 47. Dowdale, Sir John, 248, 249. Dowdeswell, Dr., 8. Dowding, John, owns Salisbury Journal, 64. M.K., writings, 99, 329. Will., 315. Dowle [Doule], James, 255, 256. Downing, Mr., 477. S. E., 457. Downton [Dinton], 461. Moot illusts., 442; of Saxon date, 97. Persons, see Collier, Capt. J. H.; Raleigh, Sir Carew & Walt. Dowth [ Ireland], mound compared with Silbury, 185. Doyle, Dicky, 481, 482. Drake, Maurice, on glass, 169. Draycot Cerne, Persons, see Fido, Thos. (Rect.) ; Power, Thos. Rectory, value, 1650, 6. Draycot Foliat, Persons, see Vilett, T. G. (Rect.). Population, &c., 1812, 133. Drew Family, of Southbroom, 91, 92. Drew, Monsignor Bickerstaffe, writings, 208. Drewett [Druet], Jasper (I. & IL.), 220, 222, 228. “© Drock,” 177. Dropwort, Rust, 266. Droxford, 460. rebe Druce, Mr., 236. Anth., 227, 235, 238. James; Jeremy ; Joanna; John; 227, 228. Susanna, 234, 237. Drummer, the Dead,True Story of, 198. Dryburgh Abbey, 302. Du Boulay, F. H., obit., 308. Dublin, Shelburne Ho., Adam Drawings for, 511, 512. Dubois, Mary, 226. Dubris, 272. Duck, John, 478. | on, noticed, 200. ) Duckett, Will., 9. | Duke, Isaac, silversmith, work, 85. Thos., 232. | Dummer, Rob. & Mary, 220, 222. Nich., 222. Dunbridge, 200. Dunch, Walt., 441. Will. builds Avebury Manor, 441. ) Dunkerton (Som.), 260. | VOL. XLI.—NO- CXXXVI. Steph., art VOL. XLI. 555 Dunley (Littleton Drew), deriva- tion), 348. Dunne, A. M., gift, 526. Dunstable (Beds.), 132. Dunworth (Wardour), Derivation, 351. Hundred, Church Sur- vey, 1650, 16—i9. Duppa, Brian, Bp., 13. Durley (Burbage), 255, 291. Derivation, 343. Mosses, Durnford, Little, Persons, see Essington, John; Young, John. Durocornovia, 273. Rom. Road, 394. Durrington, Flint Dagger, 188. Interment found, 184. Knighton, Derivation, 346. Mammoth tooth, 434. Per- sons, see Poore, Phil. & Mary. Dursley (Gloucs.) Church, Passage from N. Aisle to Chancel, 202. Dutton, Hon. H. R., 482. Duveen, Sir Joseph, 87. Dyer, Edw., 4. W. H., port., 214, J., Funeral Sermon, 216. Will., 10. Dysart, Will. Murray, Earl of, Grantee of Bowood, 411. Eagle Desk on Choir Screen, 83. Ealing, 308. Earle, family, arms, 429. Eliz., 238. Harry, 428, 429. John, 224, 225, 232. Rich., 225. Rob. 224. Rog., 232. Will. Benson, 429. Earlscot, see Wanborough. Earthworks, Castle Mound, Marten (Bedwyn), 281. Camps, see Badbury (Chiseldon) ; Chisbury ; Crowdon; Ellandune; Oliver’s Camp. Small Square Camps, date of, 382. Dykes in Wood- land, continuous ? 397, 398. See Wansdyke. Eastbourne, Mollusca, 142. Eastcott (Pewsey), 187. East Court (Shalbourne ?), Wans- dyke, 401. “ Easter Book,” 36. Easterton, Persons, see Hurle, Em. Eastmanstreete Tything, Calne, 14, Easton Grey, dispute 1650 as to rightful Rector, 4. House, Roman Relief, 309. Persons, see Newlan, J. (Rect.); Jones, Mr. (Rect.). Rectory, value, Orin 556 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 1650, 4. coins, 391. Easton Horton, see Bishops Can- nings. “The Plain,” Rom. Easton Royal, 298, 299. The Breaches, 299. Conygre, 299. Maps, MS., 1735 and 1814, 298, 300, 301. Priory Church destroyed, monu- ments moved to Bedwyn, 131. Easton, Edw., bookseller, 54, 57. Mary L. & Will., 236. Eastridge, see Ramsbury. Eaton Hastings [Water Eaton ; Water Hastings] Manor, 259. Ebble Valley, art. on, noticed, 209. Ebrigge=Rey bridge, 408. Ecclesiastical Commission, 1836, objects of, 455. Edgar, Thos., 235. Edgell, Geo., 247. Edingdon, Bp. Will. de, 200, 461 ; No architect himself, 169. .Edington (Som.)=/Aithandune (1) 317, 318. , Edington (Wilts), 200. a= AXthandune, 317, 318. Charter, 338. Church, A. Hamilton Thompson on, 168, 169; Glass, date of, 169 ; Illust., 442; Screens, 169. College of Aug. Friars, 200. Deri- vations of Patcombe; Row- borough, 346. Mollusca, 141. Monastery, 319; Gardens and Fishponds, 169; Property at Burcote & Coleshill(Berks), 200 ; at Imber, 212. Persons, see Aylesbury, John de (Rector) ; Edingdon, Will. de. Edmeads, W. H., 472. Edmonds, C. H., 258. Hen., 253,250: Thos., 187. Edwards, Ann, 259. Anth., 11. Capt., 525. J. P., 482. Nich., 251. Effigies, diminutive, denote Heart Burial, 310; of Priest at Britford, 310. Of Adam de Stokke, at Bedwyn, 131. Effington, Edw., 192. Egford (Som.), 246, 247. Hilly identified, 288. Ekblom, Einar, ‘‘ Place Names of Wiltshire,’ Notes on & cor- rections, 335—353. Elcombe, see Wroughton Elder wood, superstitions as to, 181, 432. Elderton, John, 129. Election Posters, 480. Eleocharis acicularis, 186. Elingdon [Elyndon]=Wroughton, 451. Prebend in Winchester Cath., 467. Elkiston (Gloues.) [Elkinston; Elston], Field Names, 255. Property, 251, 255, 258, 262. Ellandune, Battle, site of, 338, 353. Hill Fort, 458. Ellis, Ch. J., 239, S. M., 198. Ellison, Frances M. & G. B., 195. Ellson, Thos., 8. Elly, Rich., 255, 256. Elmore, Gloucester, 258. Elms, trees not to be cut, 12. Elmstead (Kent), 468. Elston (Wilts) { Ealston], Manor of & Deeds, 244, 248, 249, 251, 253, See also Elkiston. Elston, Mr., 135. Elstubbe & "Everley Hundred, Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. Elton, Sir Ambrose, 210. Ely, Nich. of, Bp. of Winchester, 453. Thos., property at Bowood, 409. Emerson, Jos. & Susanna, 238. Ena, species, 137, 138, 147. Enborne, East (Berks), 88. Endophyllum, species, 265, 269. Enford, Hen. Hunt’s birthplace, illust., 89. See Chisenbury. Englefield (Berks), 229, 233, 237. Engleheart, Rev. G. H., 190, 320 ; Remarks, 381; against astro- nomical theory of Stonehenge, 385, 445. Englishcombe (Som.), 260. Exca- vations in Wansdyke, 406. Enmore (Som.), 249, 250, 251, 263. ‘““Entrenchments & Camps _ of Gloucestershire,” by E. J. Burrows, 216. Ephemerum, species, 40, 43. Epilobium, 265. Galls, 354, Bale K. hirsutum, 41, 45. E. palustris, 45. Equisetum sylvaticum var. capil- lare, 186. Ereton, Fras., 250. Erghum, Bp. Ralph, 316. Eriophorum latifolium, 45. Eriophyes, gall mite, 354, 356—363 | | | | \| | ] 1 | _ Ewart, Miss M., 91. _ Exeter, 57. INDEX TO Erlestoke, 200. Persons, see Brounker, J. Pudnell Farm, derivation, 346. Ernle [Ernely], Sir Edw., 205. John, 242, 421. Will., 36. Essex, Rob., Earl of, 241. Essington, John, 126, 127. Escot, see W anborough. Estcourt Family hold Roundway, 313. Geo., 6. Gyles, 243. Rich., 258. Ktaples, Rom. pottery, 156. Etchilhampton, Persons, see Ernle, Sir Edw. Ethandune, site of the Battle, by E. A. Rawlence, and reply by A. F. Major, noticed, 317, 318. Ethelred (King), 312. Eton College, 302. Property & Tithes at Wroughton, 456, 457, ee 476. Ettry, Joel, of Horton, clockmaker, 446. Euonymus, Galls, 354, 356. Euridge (Colerne), derivation, 345. Eurynchium, species, 41, 45. Evans, Mr., 133. Arth., 478 ; Sir Arth.on orientation of circles, 385. John, 478; Sir John, 369 ; Gruffydd, 427. Everet, Nath, 255. Everley, Barrows, early names, * Oldhat Barrow,” 346. Pro- posal to remove & rebuild Ch. & Rectory, notes, 1812, Ch. Plate, &e., 133. Persons, see Astley, Rev. F.; Greville, Mr. ; ; Sweet- man, Mr. Evernia, species, 49. Evill, Luke, 238. Wilfred, Cathedral, choir screen=La Pulpytte,83; Prebend of St. Probus, 463. Cloth manufacture, 362. Parochial land and Liberties merged, 197. | Exeter Coll., Oxon, 307, 338. writings, 323. » Exmouth (Dev. )h Galls imported, 362. Thos:, 232. Will., 30. Eyre Family catchments: returned to St. Thos., Salisbury, 213. VOL. XLI. 557 Mr., 3, 224. Ann, 118—128. Sir Will, 253. Fabian, John, 9. Fairley, Geo., 13, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 32, 33, 107, 109—I111, 115, TiS mle2 LI8; Fairmile Clump, 285. Downs, barrow opened, Roman Coin, &c., 311, 312. Fane, Capt. H. N., 386. Fanshawe Family, arms, 245. Thos., 244, 245. Sir Thos., Grantee of Bowood, 412. Farebrother, G. S., note, 431. Farewell [Farwell], Alex., 249, 252. Geo., 256. James, 249, John, 252. Fargo Cottages (Stonehenge), 435. Farleigh Hungerford (Som.), 200. Castle, 212. Property, 248, 249. Farley Almshouses & Church built, 443. Fox Family, 443. Farley, Sam., 55, 59. Farmer, J., and Mrs., ports., 214. Farnborough (Berks), 247. Farnham, 305. Farnsfield, 72. Farquhar, Lady E. K., 276. Farrant, G. H.S. & Rob., printers, 493, 495. Farrer, Percy, 190, 320, 406. Farringdon, 57. Prebend, 464. Fasterne, Franklin Family, 458. Fauntleroy, Tristram, 475. Featherstone (—), 513. Fellows, James, 234, 235. Felons de se, chattels of, 24. Feltham, John, 428. Fennell, Rich., 315. “Fernando” by John Ayscough, noticed, 208. Ferreby, Mr., 108. John (I. & IL), 7, 8. Ferrers, Mr., 136. Edm. (IL. & IL ), 468, 471. J. Ban Ferres, John, 13. Ferris, Mr., 236. er ea John, 5 Few, Mrs., gifts, 215. Fiddington [ Feedington], property, 244, 248. Fidoe, Thos., 6 Field Names, see Collingbourne Kingston ; Cricklade ; Elkiston ; Tyther ington ; Wanborough. ar Re Elias, 176, 558 INDEX TO VOL. XLII. Fielding, Hen., connection with Salisbury, Gib fii Figgins, Matt., 206. Figheldean [Feilden], Choulston, derivation, 346. Rectory held by Treasurer of Sarum, 14. ‘* Fight at Dame Europa’s School,” pub. at Salisbury, 67, 68. Filkes (—), 204. Fimber, Nabb Farm, stone axe, 376, 377. Finch, Mary, 239. Fincham, H. W., on Hos- pitallers’ property in Wilts, 188—190. Finsthwaite, Chr., 254. Fire Buckets in Churches, 135. Salamander Office, 135. Fisher, Bp., 129. Ben. ; Geo. ; James ; 236. Thos., 428, Fisherton de la Mere Ho., 429. Polecat, 429. Fissidens, species, 42. Fitzgerald, Ld. Edw., 74. Fitzmaurice, Ld., “ Boundaries of Administrative Co. of Wilts,” noticed, 167, 198 ; Gifts, 216, 330, 526. Ld. (1755), 510, 518, 520. John, Earl of Shal- burne, buys Bremhill Manor, 509. Fleminge, Sir Thos., 248. Fletcher, Canon J. M. J., 330; writings, 201, 210. Col. W. B., Gift, 526. Flints, Gloss on, Prof. E. Ray Lancaster & A. D. Passmore on, 183. Implements, see Stone. Flistridge Hill (Crudwell), 424. Derivation, 346. Flood & Rainfall, April 9th, 1920, in N. Wilts described, 181. Flower Family, 444. Mrs., 192. C. T., remarks, 378. Geo., Sheriff, 444. Hen., 220. Jeane, 257. Marg., 444. Rog., 3 Stephen, 444, Will., 257, 258, 444. Flycatcher, Pied, 91. Foard, Rich., 229. “ Fog’s Journal,” 55. Foley, J. G., 194. Folk Lore, ‘‘Chalking the Bel- lows,” method of letting land, 80. Elder wood, superstition, 181. Evil eye at Donhead, &c., 181. Witches, 181. See also Burning the Pig. Folkestone, Ld., 482. Folliott, J. A., 500. . “Folly” at Roundway, 313. Folly Farm (Bedwyn), 266; Galls.,358; Mollusca, 142 ; Rusts, 265, 271. Fonthill Ho. built, 86. Sale catalogue of autographs, &c., noticed, 87. Fonts,see Codford St. Peter; Huish ; Wroughton, Elcombe Chapel. Food Control Com., 303. Foot, Joan, 231, 232. Forbes & Marshall, printers, 480. Ford (Bedwyn), Tithes, 37. Fordham, Sir Geo., 330. Fordingbridge, 197. “Foreign Tour of Brown, Jones, and Robinson,” 481. Forest ithes paid to Dean & Chapter of Sarum, 125—127. Forester, incised figure, Steeple Langford, 310. Forests, see Andover ; Blackmore ; Braydon; Buckholt (Hants) ; Chippenham; Groveley; Hus- borne; Melksham; Pewsham ; Savernake ; Windsor. Forman, Edw., 428. Forster, Dr. Cooper, 304. Forthaies, field, 241. Fosbury Manor, 203 ; Catalogue of Huth Library, sold 1919, 87. Persons, see Huth, A. H. Foscot (Som.), 249. Foscote, East (Grittleton), deriva- tion, 346. Fossway [The Force], 255. Fossombronia, species, 40, 46. 47. Foster, Will., 107. Fovant, Badgers, 429, Burrows Hill, 429, Dean Copse, 429. Persons, see Clay, Dr. R. C. Fox, Agnes & Edith, 428. Lady Caroline, 444, Charles, 443. Charles J ames, 444. “*Hen., 1st Ld. Holland, his Family and Relatives,” no- ticed, 443. John, 443; Bp. of Winchester, 465, 466, 478. Lady Mary, nd Lady Holland, port., 444. Matt., 470. Rob., 443. Stephen, 443, 444; 1st Ld. Ticks 444: Sir Stephen, 443. Will., 443. Foxbury Wood, Galls, 356, 363. Hepatics, 46, 48. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 559 Lichens, 50. —141, 145, 148. 267, 269. Foxcote (Som.), 260, 263. Foxham, in Bremhill, 1650, 4. Payment to Salisbury Cath., 4, Persons, see Collyer, Thos. (Vic.). Vicarage, value, Foxhill, 272, Foxley, Persons, see Hart Will. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 6. To be joined to Bremhilham, 1650, 6. Foxtail Grass, "Rust, 271. Foy, Walt., 1B==33. 107—122, 128. Foyle, Hen., 220. Frampton, Mr., 389. Francis, Charles, 132; notes by, 129. Franklin Family at Fasterne, 458. Mrs., 458. (—) M. Ps 458. Eliz., 459. Rich., (I. & II.), 247, 458, 459, 478. Sarah, 478. Sarah Anne, 477. Thos., 458. Frayling, John, 8. Freeland, Marg., 245. Freemantle, 179. “French Grass Ground,” 238. Freshford (Som.), Property, 248, 249, 257. Fricourt (France), 79. Frodingham (Yorks, ), 198. Frome River, 200. Frome Selwood (Som.), 85, 243. Property, 246, 247. “ Stockstones,” 246. Stone- henge Stones ‘from, 173. Treherne’s Mill, 246. Mollusca, 139 Rusts, 264, Froxfield, 267, 294. Charity, 134, ( Forscanfeld,” 296. Galls, 358. Kennet and Avon Canal, 269. Mol- lusca, 140, 141, 149. Oakhill, Galls & Rusts, 269, 270, 360. Rectory held by Dean & Canons of Windsor, 35; Sur- vey, 1650, 35, 36. Rural Dean’s notes on, 1812, Ch. Plate, &e., 133. Rusts, 265, 269. Scrope’s Farm, 266. Stage’s Lock, 140; Hepatics, Mosses, 41, 45, 46. Stream, 282, 297. Vicarage, value, 1650, 36. See also Rudge. | Frullania, species, 48. Bry [Frie], Hugh, 249. John, token, 444. Rich., 230. Sam. (I. & IT.), 230, 239. Fulford, Geo., obit., 72. Fuller, Messrs. 211. Sir John, 215. Patience, ee Nb, Robt., 190. R. F,, 165. Fullerton, J ohn, 204. Fulling Bridge (Heywood), deriva- tion, 347. Funaria, species, 40, 43. Fungi, cause plant diseases, 264. Furnell, Edw. ; Geo.; John, 254. Fursdon, Phil., 227. Fyfield (nr. Pewsey) Manor, 212. Fynamore Bridge= Whetham, 407, 408. Gabulum=Cross, 297. Gaby, Mr., 515. Will., Diary, 97. Gadbourne (Wroughton), 207, 257. Gainsborough’s ‘ Parish Clerk,” 931. Gale, Mr., 132. J Ga Par son Gale”), 304. Rog., on Stonehenge, 426. T., port., 214. Galium, Galls, 354, 358. Galls on Plants, 354, 355. Galtee More (horse), 438. Gammons Barn Dyke, 403. Farm, Map, 301. Wansdyke, 405. Gardiner, Canon, gift, 216. Rich, 465. Steph., Bp. of Winchester, 465. Gardner, E. 6) , gifts, 99, 216. Garland, J. P, buys Avebury Manor Farm, 163, Garlic, Rusts, 269. Garlic, F. P., port., 214. Garnett, C., gift, 526. Garrett, Thos., 231. Garsdon Manor Ho., Washington Arms, 448. Persons, see Heiron, John (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 7. Garth, Mrs., 234, Charles ; Geo. ; John; Rebecca; Col. Thos. ; Gen. Thos., 204. Frances, 236. Garthorne, Geo., silversmith, work, 85, 86. Gascoigne, Kathleen, port.,214, 215. Gascoyn, Edw., 465. ‘‘Gasper, The,” printed at Salis- bury, 1915—1916, 68. Gatmore(Whiteparish), derivation, 302. 560 INDEX TO VOL. XLL Gater, James, 491. Gawen Family at Imber, 212. David, 254, 255. Simon, 5. Gay [Gaye], Cath., 261. John, 251, 260. Thos., 251. Will. 261. Geale, Rich., 477. “Genealogy,” sung from the Pul- pitum, 84. Gentiana, Galls, 354, 359. germanica, 91. ‘‘Gentleman’s Mag.” 61. Geology, see Chalk. George, Reuben, 96. Gepp, A., on Alge, 51. Geranium, Rust, 265. Gerrish [Gerishe], John (I. & IL), 255. Wall ara2 5s! Gessoriacum, 272. Ghent [de Gandavo], Bp. Simon of, printing of his Register, 103, 333, 378, 379; Tomb in Cathedral, 178, 179. Gibbons, Chr., 39. F., 424. John, silversmith, work, Will., 426. 85, 86. Gibbs, Geo., 262. James, 240. John, 260. Jos., 240. Will., 231, 232, 24°. Gibson, Mr., 509. Gidney, A. R., traces Wansdyke, 396— 938. Giffard Family hold Sherrington, 387. Will., Bp. of Winchester, 452, 454. Gilbert, Sam., 231. Giles (Saint), Mural Painting at Imber, 446. John, 464. Gillingham (Dors.), 72. Gilmore, John, 183, 135. Gilmour, F., printer, 480. Gilpin, W., writings, 99. Ginge (Berks), see Gynge. Gingell, Will., 177. Glanely, Ld., port., 214. Glanfield, Mrs. & Miss, hospitality, 378. Rev. Edgar, notes on Imber Church, noticed, 446. Glascodine, Sam., 176. Glasgow, Dean of, 435. Glass, painted, character altered by Black Death, Edington and Steeple Ashton, 169. see also Burbage Ch. Glen (Peebles), 302. Glenconner, Lady, 74 ; Ports, 214 ; 215 ; Writings, 329. Lord, obit., 302; Picture Gallery, 302- Glevum, 272. Gloucester, 57. Dean and Chapter, hold Sherston Rectory, 10; Payment from Ogbourne, 1), Gaol, suicide of Sir O. Bridgeman, 505. St. Nicholas Ch., Register of Death of Sir O. Bridgeman, 506. Godby, Rich, 222. Goddard, Ambrose, 133. Ch V., collection, 367, 368; Gift, 449 ; Notes, 180, 181. Edw. H., 153, 378 ; Acts as guide, 162 —165, 170, 384, 387 ; Gifts, 99, 330, 449; Notes, 181—183, 193, 194, 428—431, 433; on Stone implements of uncommon type from Wiltshire, 365— 377((figs.); on Wooden Roundel at Wilcot, 179, 180; Remarks, 382. Mrs. E. ue ., gift, 526. Frances Agnes, 437. Horatio, N., 4837; Buys Purton Ho., 80. Vincent, 112. Godsal, W., gift, 526. Godwin, Ch., 499. Eliz. & Johanna, 238. John, 263. John H., 238. Susan, 260, Godwyne, Mrs. 231. John, 232. Goffe, Mat., 508. Golden, Mr., 36. Goldenham John & Nath., 472. Golding, see Goldney. Goldisborough, Mrs., 230. Goldney [Golding ; Gouldney], Adam, 1, 10. Alice F. H., 70. F. H., gifts, 329, 526. Major F. N., 70. Gabriel, 10. - Sir Gab., 70. Sir J. T., obit., 70. Sir Prior, gift, 526. Goldringham, John, 477. Gomm, Mr., 183. Gonne, Will., 116. Goodchild, W., 180, 181. Goodenough, J. J., 136. Goodere, Alf., & S. edit. “ Salis- bury Times,” 487, 488. Goodman, A., remarks, 387. Susan, 218. Goore, Kich., 260. Gore (Place Name), derivation, 338. Gore, Mrs., 255. Ch., 262. C. H., 319. Eliz., 254. Rich., 262, Will., 245, 254. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 561 Gosling, J., 391. Gospel Oak, 322. See Cricklade. Gospel Reading from “ Pulpitum,” described, 83, 84. Got, Anth, 232. Gothenburg, 308. Gotsell, Anth., 232. Goudhurst (Kent), Mosses, 42, Gough, Hugh & Jane, 444. Gouldney, see Goldney. Grafton, A. S. Bounds of, 281. Grafton, East, Church built, 312. *Culvery, The,” 312. “Court, The,” 312. “Dairy, The,” 312, Herepath Road, 281. Jackman family, 312. Kennet & Avon Canal, 356. Laundry, The, 312. Manor of, 281 ; House, 312. Persons, see Stallard, G. (Vic.). Tithes, Si oe: Vicarage, 312. “ Wick,” “ Wicks Mead,” “ Wick- ham,” 281, 285. Wilton Brails, 284, 361 ; Galls, 356, 358, 360, 368 ; Rusts, 271. Wilton Manor, 281. Rom. Road, & Herepath, 281. Rusts, 268. Wilton Tything, boundary, 284, Wilton Water, Galls, 267, 359, 361. Witman’s Hill, 285. Grafton West [Wickham], Manor of, 281. Tithes, 38. Grange, John, 11. Granger, Thos., 508. Granges (Switz. ), Hipposandals, 277. Grant, Frances, 227, 235. — Rich., 935. Will, 232. See also Graunt. Grammatts (—), 201. Grantham Prebend, 465. Graphis, species, 49, 51. Gratwich & Kingstone (Suff.), 7 Graunt, Dan., 222. ee 222, 29°7. Walt.,222,224,227. Gravele, John, 468. Great Lodge Farm, Wansdyke, 397. Grebe, Gt. Crested, 182. Greene, Edw., 116. Greenford Parva (Middx.), 468. Greenhill, Edw., 245. “Greenland,” nr. Stonehenge, 421. | Greenwich,armour made by Jacobe, 441, 442. | Greenwich, East (Kent), Manor of, 411. Gregory, Geo., 489. H. G., 487, 489. John, account of Boy Bishop, 310. Will., 508. Grenfell, W. H., 482. Greville, Mr., 133. Grey Wethers, art. on, noticed, 92. Grey, Peter, 473. Gribble, Chr., 247. Grimbaud, Rog., 478. Grimes Graves (Norf.), Flints Neolithic, 87, 203. Grimmia, species, 41, 42. Grim’s Ditch, derivation, 338. Grittleton, Clapcote, 196. Clap- cote & Foscote, derivation, 346. English coins found, 98. Ground Ivy, Rust, 268. Groundsel, Rust, 267. Grouse, Yorkshire & Scottish dis- tinguishable, 138. Grove, E., 217. Sir Thos., 180. Rusts, 26S. Groveley Forest, tithes, 127. Great Lodge, 428. Ridge, Rom. Rd., 297, Stone Imple- ments, 365. Will o’ the Wisp, 181. Wood, derivations of Appeldore, Ashgoe, Hadden, Himsel, Powten Stone, Shorten- grove, Stotfield, 346, 347. Grundy, G. B., The Place Names of Wiltshire, 335—353. Guildford (Surrey) Church, passage from N. aisle to chancel, 202. Guldefeld [Guldesfield], Thos., 464. Gully Copse, Dyke, 400. Gundry, R.S., 96; gift, 526. Gunn (—), 116. Gunning, Thos., 217, 227. Gurmoncbhester {Gornchester], John de, 462, 463, 409. Guyse [Gize; Gyse], Eliz., 255, 256, 258, John, 258. Rob. 255. Will. (1. & IT.), 255, 256, 258. Gwillim, G. LI, gift, 526. Gwin, Hen., 220. Gwinnett, Geo., 255, 256. Gyer, Jonathan, 1. Gymnocolea, species, 40, 47. Gynes, Hdw., 254. Gynge (Berks) [Ginge ; W. Gynge] derivation, 347. | Manor, Deeds, 246, 247, 250. Gynge Arding- ton or Hardington, 246, 247. Hackpen, field, see Wroughton. Hill, derivation, 353. John, 428. W. B. on 562 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Hadden (Grovely), derivation, 347. 05. Haden, G. N., 305 Hadnam, Ch., 10. Hadrian’s Wall, stations, 88. Hadsor [ Hadzor], Rich., 219, 241. Hailstone Hill (Cricklade), deriva- tion, 345. Hale, Eliz. , 239. Halifax, Lal 510. Hall, Alf., port., 214. Barth., 255. James, 470, John, 223, 225, 226, 235, 244. JOS., O31. Ralph, 21, 25, 32, 33, 107, 109, 111, 113, 116, 119, 120, 122,128. Reg., endows Charity at Bradford, 319. Rich., 14. Thos., 223. Sir Thos. held Bradford Manor, 221, 228, 225. Halliday, Eliz.; Paul ; Rob. ; 229, 230. Will, 230, 233. See also Holliday. Hallum, Bp. obs buried at Con- stance, 211. Halpin, W. H., printer, 491, 492. Halstatt period, objects of, 382, 383. Halswell, Sir N.., Ham, Church Nee 1812, Plate, services, &c., 183. Persons, see Davenant, Mr. ; Gomm, Mr. (Rect.) ; Newlin, R. (Rect.). Ham, Jerome, 248. Hambledon (Rutland), 468, Hamblin, A. & Mrs., ports., 214. Hamilton Palace Colln., art. on, noticed, 86. Hamilton, Alex,, 10th Duke of, ports., 86,87. Lady Archibald, 515, Hon. Ch. of Painshill, DID. Maria, 86. Bp. W. K., 131. Hammond, Js dt 160. Hampshire Down Sheep Breeding Association, 73. Flock Book, 68, 499. Hampton, 460. Hampton, Miss, gift, 329. Hancock, Thos., 255, 315. Hanham [Hannam], Sir John, 249, 250; of Deans Court, 251, 254, 256; of Wilkesworth, 249, 250, 251. Penelope, 249, 250, 251. Thos., 222, 229, 249, 250, 251, Qa, 2op, 256. Sir Will., 249, Hankerton, Derivation of Cloatley ; ; Woburn, 347. Persons, see Beale, Will. (Vic.). Vicarage, value, 1650, 7. Hankey, Basil, gift, 526. Hannam Family, see Hanham. Hannington, Bydemill Brook, de- rivation, 347. Persons, see | Bilston, J. (Vic.). Hanny, Abraham, 231, 232. Edw., 222. Joan, 234, 236, Rob., 282. Harache, P., silversmith, work, 85, 86. Harbord, Sir C., 423. Harden (Bedwyn), 38. Hardene, De, family, 284. Hardenhuish, derivation, 338. Persons, see Eyre, Mr. Rec- tory, value, 1650, 3. Harding Fam. (Gt. Bedwyn), de- rivation, 340. Harding, Hen., seat in Broughton Gifford Ch., 253. John, 8. Rob. C., obit., 306. Will,, 306. Hardinge, John, 251. Will., 37. Hardinges, Hen., 254. ‘* Hardway, The,” course of, 317. Hardwick, derivation, 344. Hardy, Thos., 200. Harepath (Burbage), derivation, 343. (Wileot), 186, 187. Harestock (Whiteparish), deriva- tion, 352. Harewedon, Rob. de, 461. Harewell, John, 254. Harford, Hester & Rich. (I. & IT), 219, 220. Thos., 263. Harmsworth, A. C., 499. Harnham, West, Persons, see Young, John. Harold (Beds.), 204. Harpur, Rob., 5. Harris, Mr., 60. Geo., 480, 491. Will., port., 214. ~ Harrison, D. P., Nat. Hist. Notes, 186, 430. Hart, Will., 6. Hartford, 231. Hartford, Will., 231. Hartham, Persons, see Poynder, Hon. Joan Dickson. Hartigan, A. S., 473. Harting, J. E., 201. ~ Harvey, Ann ; Joan; Rich.; Rob. ; Tony ; 221. John,, 232. Rob. & Thos., 222. Harwood, John, 31. Haselbury Rectory annexed to Box, 3. INDEX TO VOL. XII. 563 Haskell, Eliz. & John, 234. _ Thos. (I. & II.), 234, 236. Haskins, Ch., 69. Works, 68. Haslemere (Surrey), Galls, 357. Hassage (Wellow, Som.), 243, 246. Hastinleigh (Kent), 468. Hastings, Galls, 354, Hatch Ho., objects from Barrows at Scratchbury, 193, 194. Hatch, Edw., 116. Hatchet Lane (Bedwyn), 357. Hatfield, boundaries, 187. Deri- vation, 290. Hatton Lodge, 81. Haverfield, F., on inscription on Rudge Cup, noticed, 87, 88. Hawkins, Mr., 311. Hawley, Thos., DAs, Col. Will., excavations at Stonehenge, 380, 881; Guide at Stonehenge, 160; On Discoveries at Stonehenge, 1920, 160, 161, 384; Work at _ Stonehenge, 168. Hawthorn, Galls, and Witches _ Brooms, 357. Hayden, Ke art. by noticed, 85. Haydon Hill, nr. Bps. Cannings, identified, 96, 97. Hayer, Thos., 11. Hayles, John, 469. Haylock, Joan, (77, 178. Thos., 177. _ Hayter, ‘Sir Geo., 80. Hayward, Mr., owned Stonehenge, 426. J ohn, 261. Sir Rowland, 244. Will., 241. Hazeland family, 315. | Hean founds Abingdon Abbey, 281. Hearn, John, printer, 491. Heart burials & diminutive effigies, 310. Heddington, 96, 438. Persons, see Child, Rob. & Thos. ; Chivers, M.; Du Boulay, F. H. (Rect.); Rogers, Hen. (Rect.) Rec- |) tory, value, 1650, 9. _ Hedge, Enclosure of cultivated | land in A.S. Manor, 294. Hedges, Marg., 244, Heiron, see Hieron. | Helen, Saint, origin of dedication at Wroughton, 458. Helianthemum, Gall, 355. | Helicigona, species, 137. | Helicella, species, 138, 142. | Helix, species and vars., 137—139, | 144—147, 149, 150; colouring & | VoL. XLI—NO. CXXXVI. banding of, formulee for, 139. H. pomatia, 151. Helps, Will., 223, 225, 250. Hemery, John, 177. Hemiptera in Wilts, List of, 317. Hemp, W. J., gift, 98. Hempshill (Groveley), derivation, 347. Henchman, Humph., 121. Hendon, 205. Hendred, East (Berks) [Esthenred], 246, 247. Heneage, Col., gift, 98. Hengistbury (Hants), Pottery of Tron Age, 382- Henley (near Chute) Dyke, 403. Henslow, '’. G. W., gift, 215; wri- tings, 99, 327, 328. Henson, Eliz., 259. Hens Wood, 297. Henton, Ch., 231. Chr., 204. Henwood, Hen., 241. Hepatics, East Wilts, C, P. Hurst on, 46—48. See also Mosses. Heraldry. Badges of Seymour & Hungerford at Gt. Bedwyn, 130. Roll of Arms, 1788, 312, Arms, see Bennett of Steeple Ashton; Clutterbuck ; Earle & Sympson; Fanshaw ; Horton, Chr.; Washington. Herbert family, 88. _ Edw., Ld. H., ist Duke of Beaufort, 88. Sir Edw., 411. George, works, by G H. Palmer, noticed, 322; works, art. on, noticed, 209. Lady Muriel, port., 215. Phil., Earl of Pembroke. 409, 410; Bowood granted to, 411. Sidney, 480. ‘“Herd Book of Nat. Pig Breeders Assoc.,” 499. Hereford, use of Pulpitum, 84. Herepath (Pewsey), course of, 281. Heritage, John, 304, Herons Point Copse, Wansdyke, 399. Herriots, 14. Hertford, Earl of, 426. Hertford, Marquis of, 115; owns Wolf Hall, 31. Hertfordshire Maps, 330. Hervey, Thos. (I. & IT.), 228. Heth, Seman de la, House of, 408. Hethcote, Randolph, 464. Heyes, Hen., 11. Heytesbury Church, Collegiate, 25 ; 28 564 INDEX ITO) VOle cus Prebends of Hill Deverill, Horn- ingsham, Titherington, 22, 25 ; Monument to Will. Cunnington, F.S.A., 388; Yard, 2l ; visited, 388. Hundred, Ch Survey, 1650, 19—28. Lands & tithes belonging to Swallowcliffe Rec- tory, 17. Moores Farm, 17. Persons, see Bowle, John ; Perry, Edm. Prebend House, 26. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 20, 21. See also Bowles Barrow. Hewes, Edwin, 254. John, 247, Hewlett, Maurice, writings, 322, 324, 325. Heyraz family, Whiteparish, 352. Heywood, Clanger wood; Fulling Bridge, derivation, 347. Heywood (Kington St. Michael), derivation, 348. Hickman, Hen., 241. Will., obit., 306. Hicks, Dan., 232. Hidden, Anth., 251. Hieracium, species, 91, 95. Hieron [ Heiron], James, 258. John, 7. Higden, Rich., 226. High Wycomb (Berks), Loakes’ House[ WycombeAbbey ]& Town Hall built by Hen. Keene for Ld. Shelburne, 509—511. Highman, Frank, printer, 482, 501. Highway Act, 1835, 197. Highworth, 306. Deeds con- concerning, given, 100. Hundred, Ch. Survey, 28, 29. Swanborough, derivation, 348. Token, 98. Hill, A. D., remarks, 163, 165. G. H., 198. Hill Deverill, [Huldeverel], new Parsonage Ho., 1650, 22. Prebend Ho., 21. Rectory & Prebend, Survey, 1650, 21—23. Hilleshoppes (Som.) 256. Hillier, Thos., 282. Hilmarton Church, passage from N. aisle to chancel, 168, 202. Comma Butterfly, 4381. Witcomb, derivation, 348. Hilperton, 428. Persons, see Brown, Priscilla‘: Pike, Florence ; Redman, A.; Sylvester, W. C. K. (Rect.); West, P. C. Hilpps, Will., 241. - Himsel (Grovely), derivation, 347. Hindon, Hospitallers’ property ,189. Persons, see Ackworth, G. (M.P.); Fox, Hen. (M.P.). Hine, Rich., 9. Hinton (Northants), 303. Hinton Charterhouse (Som.), 248. Hinton, Great (Steeple Ashton), 243. Illust., 84. — War — record, noticed, 84. Hinton Parva Church, illust., 442 ; _ Notes on plate, services, popu- lation, &c., 1812, 136. Per- sons, see Coker, T. (Rect.); Goodenough, J. J. ; Punier, Mr. (Rect.). Hinton, Mrs., 136. John, 236, 237: Phil., 122. Hippingscombe, tithes, 126. Hippisley, John & Will., 245, 247, Hiscock, Rob., 508. Hiscocks, J., 390. Hitchcock,John ; Thos. ; Will.,114, 115. “ Hitchin, The,” field, see Cricklade. Hoadley, John, 467. Sam., Bp. of Winchester, 467. Hoare, Hen.,buildsStourton Tower, Bilge Sir R. C., 172, 388,427 ; traces Wansdyke, 396, 404— 406. Hobbes, Rich., 247. Hobbs, Will., 231. Hobhouse, Sir C. E. H., 334. Hobson, Tho., 10. Hobby, 430. Hockaye (Norf.), 471. Hocle, Rich., 470. Hodding, Francis, 499, 501.. Hoddinot, Mr., 238. Hodge, John, 288. Hodges, Francis, 81, 35, 39, 124. Hen., 30, 31. James, | 229, John, 8. Martha, 229. Thos., 10, 11, 29. | Hodgkin, Mr., 312, Hodnett, Will., 252.. Holbrooke (Som.), 249. Holder, Ch., 268. Holdforth, Mr., 36. Holford, Mr., buys Roundway, 318. Rich.,'s. of Sir R., at Aveaman bury, 441. Sir Rich. at Avebury Manor, 212, 440, 441. Sam. & Steynor, 441. Holland Ho., MSS. at, 444. Holland, Hen. (I.), builder, work at a ipa i | | INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 5690 Bowood, 513, 515, 518, 521; (II.), architect, work of, 513. Holliday, Anselm (I. & II.), 219, 222° John, 228. Paul, 219. Robt., 231. Will, 934. See also Halliday. Holloway, Mrs., gift & hospitality, 162, 526. Will., of All Cannings, 98. Holly, Rob., 507, 508. Hollyhock, Rusts, 270. Holm, Rog., 461, 462. Holme Hill (Bowood), 417. Holmeade, Humph., 248. Holmes, Sam., 227. Holt, 259. Blackacre, deriva- tion, 348. Congregational School & Church, 195. Down, The, 241. Field Names, Forthaies, Hossardes, Man Mead, Pudnam, Shilfeacre, Stickinges, Woollies, 241. Manor, deed, 238. Persons, see Beaven, Ki. C. & Thos.; Milles, Rich. & Will. Tithing of Bradford, TRO Ops. Vithingman & Constable, 231. Holton, Ben., 219. John (I. & IT), & Jos., 219, 227. Rob. 219, 222. Homanton (Maddington), deriva- tion, 349. Honorius, Pope, Bull of, 201. Hony, G. B., 429. Honylond [Honythorne, lane], John, 469. Hooded Crow, 186. Hooker, Edw., 31, 35, 39, 124. Hooley, R. W., excavations, 382. uae Ch., printer, 54. K.A., 427. Hope, Edw., token, 444. John, 116. Lady, 330 ; gifts, 450. Rich., 444. Sir Will. St. John, plan of old Sarum Cath., by, given, 450 ; on age of Silbury, 164; on Tombs of Bps. R. Bingham & Will. of York in Salisbury Cath., 178, 179; “The Sarum Consuetudinary,” by, noticed, 81, 82. Hopes, Christian, d. of Francis, 443. Hopgrass Farm (Hungerford), 45. Hony- Hopkins family, 205. Anne & Sir John, 205. Edw., 428. Geo., 254. John, 136. Mat., 176, 177. Hore, Will, 37. Horenescroys, nr. Wans, 408. Horlock, Rich., 252. Horn family, house at Wans, 408. Hornblowton (Som.), 469. Hornby, C. H. St. J., 168; gift, 526. Will, 166. Horne, Mrs., 224. Jane, 220, Mary, 245. Rob., 478. Horner, Thos., 247. Horningsham, 239. Breinge Nuttbury (field), : Parsonage Parrock, 25. Prebend & Rectory, Survey, 1650, 25, 26. Horsehall Hill (Little Bedwyn), derivation, 340. Wansdyke, 399, Horselepride [Horsleperd, Horsla- perithe, Horsley Upright Gate], (Bowood), identified, 408. Gate, 212, 413, 420. Horseley, Mr., 426. Horseshoes, Collecn. of, 196. Horsle Copse (Bowood), 414. Hort, Edm., 224. Josiah, Archb. of Tuam, 506, Miss, 506. Rob., of Calne, buys Buckhill, 506. Dr. Rob., 409, 506, 509. Horton (Bishop’s Cannings), Joel Ettry, clockmaker, 446. Prebend, 465. Horton Family, Deeds, abstracts of, by A. W. Stote, 242—263. Alice, 243, 245. Amy, 259. Ann, 244, 249. Barbara, 249, 252. Chr., 254, arms, 255. Edward, 242, 243, 245—250, 252, 254, 256—259; Edw., of Bath, 256; his will, 245; Edw., of Elstone (Gloucs), 256, Edw., of Westwood, deeds, 243. Eliz., (field), 25. 26 Elianor, deed, 260. 244, 245, 252, 258, 256, Isaac, 245. James, gift, 526. Jane, 255, 257, 259. Lady Jane, deeds, 249, 250, 251, 255, 258. Jeremy, 244 —253 ; Jeremy, of Bath, 248, 251; of Broughton Gifford, 244. Jerome, of Bath, 248. John, deeds, 245—250, 252, 255 ; of Bath, 248, 263; of Broughton Gifford, 259, 260, 262 ; 28 2 566 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. of Calne, 245; of Woolverton (Som.), 248. Sir John, deeds, 249, 250, 253; seal, 256 ; of Broughton Gifford, 252, 257 ; title deed of seats in Church, 253; his will, 259; of Elston (Wilts), 248—251; of Elkiston or Elstone (Gloucs.), 254, 254— 259. Margery, 239, 242. Lady Mary, 217, 242. Penelope, 257, 259. Rob., 245—247, 249, 252—254, 256— 259. Rog. 245—250, 252 ; of Iford, 245. Thos., deeds, 218, 242, 249, 254—256, 259; seal, 262; of Calne, 245 ; of Coome End (Gloucs.), 260; of Elkiston (Gloucs.), 256—258 ; of Broughton Gifford, 260, 261 ; of Wootton (Gloucs.), 260—262. Tobias, deeds, 246, 247, 249, 252; of Iford, 252. Will., deeds, 245—247, 258, 256, 257, 259 : of Broughton Gifford, 259 ; of Wolverton (Gloucs.), 246— 249 ; of Iford, 245. Hoskins, Steph., 257. Hotham (Yorks.), Flint Axe, 372. Hospitals, see Devizes. Hospitallers, Knights, List of Properties in Wilts, and deeds connected, 188, 189. Of Ansty, property in Devizes? 206. Houlton, Jos., 235. Housel Bay (Corn), 47. House, W. H., port., 214. Houses, see Avebury Manor; Bowood ; Boyton Manor ; Chal- field, Gt.; Corsham, Flemish Houses ; Devizes, Brownston & Greystone Houses; Keevil Manor; Longford Castle; Pot- terne, Porch Ho.; Purton Ho. ; Purton Manor ; Restrop ; Stock- ton House; Stockton Long Hall; Sutton Veny Old Rectory ; Westwood ; Wraxall, South. Howe, Gen., 201. Howell, Chr., 218. Hen., 218, 227. John, 243. Will., 218, 231. Howorth, Sir H. H., President of Arch. Inst., 160 ; Remarks, 162— 165, 168. Howse, Edw., 250. Huckings, Rob., 10. Hudson, J. C., edits. “ Salisbury Times,” 489, ‘SOL. Huggins, Mr., 2. Hughes, Canon & Mrs., 199. Foster, 68. John, 254. Lewis, 222. Spencer Leigh, 486; obit., 74. Thos., 199. Huish Church, seat. Notes on Plate, &c., 1812, 133; Font for- merly in Ch., 134, Hill, 304. Persons, see Mayo, Ch. (Rect.). New Rectory built, 134. Ge dase Honor; James; Rich. ; Hull Museum, stone implements, 365, 366, 369, 372, 376. Hull, Albert ; Amy ; Florence; May; ports, 214 ;-Sam., 222. Hullavington, 71. Lychgate, 305. Persons, see Latimer, Will. (Vic.) ; Meredith Brown, M.; Ramsay, J. C. (Vic.). Vicarage, Value, 1650, 7. Hulse, EK. H., 499. Human Remains, Bronze Age, Skeleton, Lockeridge, 187. Humby, E. S., 486. ‘Humphrey Clinker,” pub., 61. Hundred, as County division, 197. Hungerford Marsh, Mosses, 40, 41, 44, 45, Park, 258. Visitation of Dean of Salisbury, 129. Hungerford, Edw., 5. Geo., 426. Rob., founds Chantry in Cathedral, 212. Thos., 200. Walt., Ld. H., pro- ‘perty at Imber, 212. Hungry Lodge, dyke, 405. Hunt, Eliz., 261. Hen., Art. on & Ports. noticed, 88, 89 ; Imprisoned at Lancaster, 89, Hugh, 243, 250. John, 1, 10. Thos., 248. Huntcliffe, nr. Saltburne, Rom. Fort, 158. Huntenball (Upton Scudamore), derivation, 351. Huntingdon, 198, 199. — Huntley, Edm., 255. Hen. 251, Jo2 250: James, 255. John, 251, Iso 200, Thos. 255. Will, 231, 232. Hurle, Em. & Good, 245, Hurne, Mary, 221. ~~ s.r oe INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 567 Hurst, C. P, East Wilts Mol- lusca,137—150; East Wilts Mosses, Hepatics and Lich- ens, 40—52; East Wilts Plant Galls, 354-364 ; East Wilts Rust Fungi, 264 —271; Plant Notes, 136 ; writ- ings, 91, 327. Rich., 251. Hurstbourne, 464. Hursley (Hants.), 107. Hursley Bottom (W. Overton), derivation, 350. Hursted Farm (Purton), 350. Husbond, David, 464. Husborne, alias Chute Hantshire, forest, 125. Hussey, Cicely & Hen., 244. Herbert, 235. Thos., 258. Hutchings, Canon G. C., writings, 98. Hutchins, Edw., 32, Hutchinson, Francis Edm., obit. 305. Hutchison, C. G., port., 214. Huth, Hen. & A. H. , library sold, catalogues noticed, 87, 203. Hyatt, Mr. & Mrs., ports., 214, Hybbins, James, 116. Hyde Park Corner, site of house, 517, 518. Hyde family, of Stitchcombe, 134. Mr., 34. Edw., 25, 27 Earl of Clarendon, port., 442. Hen. at Dinton & Purton, US Lord, 428. Thos., Canon of Salisbury, 114. Hygromia, species & vars., 137, 138, 140, 142, 143. Hylocomium, species, 41. Hypnum, species, 41, 45. Hypocheeris, Rusts, 271. Icthyosaurus & Steneosaurus,Swin- don, 314. “ Tdler,” paper, 58. Idover (Brinkworth), derivation, 342, Ifield (Kent), 472. Iford (Westwood), 242, 245, 252. Manor, deed, 248, 249. Ilchester, Ld., 459. “Life of Hen. Fox, Ld. Holland,” by, 443. Iles, John, 4138. Miss, 2s Ilfracombe, mosses, 327. me lser (—), 460. Imber Church, bench ends, 387; effigies, 212; Wall Paintings, notes on, noticed, 446, Court, 9 art. on, noticed, 212. Deriva- tion, 338. Manor,descentof, WO, Property of Edington Priory, 212. Rectory Survey, 1650, 23—25. Visited, 378. Impey, E., 170. Inarkes, James, 31. Incense boat cover, at Brombham, 202. ““Inchfawn, Fay,” writings, 322, 328, 329; art. on, noticed, 442 ; see also Ward, Mrs. Atkinson, Phil. 328. Incised Figures, Steeple Langford Ch., 310. Ingham, W., on Mosses, 41, 42, 44, Inglefield, Mr., 424. Inglescombe (Som.), 243, Ingram, Mr., 481. Inkpen (Berks), 258, 281, 396. Mollusca, 1438. Wans- dyke, 406. Innerleithen (Peebles), 302. Innes, Kdw., 207. Interments, skeletons radiating from centre, Crofton, 312. Inwood Copse, Wansdyke, 401, 402. Iceland Moss, 40. Ipswich, 74. Ireland, ‘* Down Survey of,” 509. Stone Muller, 372. Iris, Rust, 269. Iron Sickle & Spear Head, bronzed over, 382. Isington, John, 125. Itterley, Rich., 247. Ivy, Sir Geo., 252. Ivry Abbey, Minster Lovel, a cell to, 454. Jackdaws, nesting in trees, 430. Jackman family, 312. Jackson, Mr., 134. Canon J. E., MS. Notes on Heraldry, Go Je Dilontt, 191, Pore oift, 449. Jacob, Canon W., 381. Jade Celts, Beaulieu (Hants), 371. James, Edwin F., obit., 306. Will., 306. James, alias Atkins, Thos., 13. Jaminia, species, 147, 148. Jarett, Nich., 34 Jarrow, 74. Jeffer, Mary, 262. Jeffereys, Eliz., murderess, 58. Jefferies, Rich., art on, noticed, 93. Jenings, Rich., 9. 568 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Jenkins’ Cottage (Bowood), 414. Jenkins, Anth., 259. Jenner, Col. L. C. W., 162; gift, 526; owns Avebury, 441. Mrs., needlework, 441. Jeonai, John, 116. Jerrold, Douglas, 481. Jockey Copse, Wansdyke, 400. John, Aug., work by, 215. Johnson, J., owns “Salisbury Journal,” 61. John, 315. Ane r4 90: Will, 61. Jones, Mr., 4. Ann, 441. Arthur, owns Avebury, 441. Ben. (drummer boy), 198. Dan. (I. & II.), 233. Edm., 218, Edw., 136, 467, 471. _ Edwin, port., 215. E., Rhys, gifts, 3380. Eliz., 233. John, 108, 223, 237. Kath., 114. M., 525. Rich., 316. Rob. (I. & IT.), 234. Sam, 316. Thos., 238, 234. Will., 249; of Brooke, 244 Sir Will. buys Ramsbury, 316. Sir Will. Langham, 316. Kaerwent, Nich. de, 462. Karnak (Egypt) ‘Temple, Solar Theory disproved, 386. Kate’s Bench Farm (Maiden Brad- ley), derivation, 342. Keate, Gilbert, 249, 250. Keble, R. J., 472. Keen, Dan., 261. L, 276. Keene, Hen., architect, work at Bowood, High Wycombe, & Oxford, 510, 511. Keevil, Church & Manor visited, 170. ‘Couple Church,” field, 1649, 123.. Ham, “ Wick- mead,” 123. Persons, see Rutty, J. (Vic.). Rectory, Survey, 1649, 122—124 ; held by Dean & Chapter of Winchester, 22) Talboys Ho., 170. See also Bulkington. Keir, W. J., port., 214. Keith, Prof., on skeleton, 187. Kelshall (Herts), 466. Kelloways Church ruined, 2. Kemble & Ewen, Rectory & Vicar- age, value, 1650, 7. Persons, see Thacke, Thos. (Vie?) Kemble, J. M., 188. Kemm family, at Avebury, 441. Edw., 260, Kempsford (Glouc.),derivation,339. Kendall, H. G. O., 872, 875; gift, 329; on Flints of Windmill Hill, Avebury, and Grimes -Graves (Norf.), noticed, 87, 202, 208. Will., 229, 281. Kennard, C. J., 482.. Kennet River, 42, 287. Kennet & Avon Canal, 140, 146 ,148, 237, 270, 355. Mosses and Hepatics, 42, 45, 46. Kennet, East, 438. Springs, 208. ; Kennet, West, Stone of the Avenue, 378. Stone Axe Head of American type, 373—377 (fig.). Kensington, Bp. of, 4385. Kent family & Devizes, Ed. Kite on, noticed, 92. Of Copen- hall (Ches.), 92. Eliz., 92. Francis, 257. Hen. (I. & II.), 92, 199; Dr. Hen. & Sir I’, Lawrence, 92. Jane, 92. John, Brass at St. John’s, Devizes, 92; John (I.— IV.) 92, 191, 192, 218—220, 225. Mary, 92. Thos., 192. Kerby, C. T., 240. Kercher, Eliz. ; Marie; Rob. (I. & INL) Be, BO) Kony [Carey ] County, iron mines, 517. Kerry, Earl of, 1st & 2nd, 509, 512. And Lady, port., 215. Earl of, note, 212; King’s Bowood Park, Pt. I., 407— 423; Pt. II., 502—522 (map and plan). Kestrel kills weasel, 430. Keswick Museum, stone axes, 369, 376. Ketchley, H. E., 330; Local Sec., 166; reparation of N. Wraxall Cross, 380. Key River (Cricklade), derivation, | 345. Keynton, Rob., 121. Keystone (Hunts.), stone celt, 376. Kibblewhite, J., athlete, 81. Kilculley (Co. Cork), Stone Axe, 377. Killarney, ancient copper mines, 379. Killingtree, Will., 258. “ Kimmeridge Coal Money,” Rams- bury, 398. | f INDEX TO King [Kinge], Mr., 225 ; of Noring- ton v. Ld. Rivers, 209. Harman, 229. Rich., 232. Thos., 13, 229. Walt., 13, 14. Will. (I. & II)., 13. Kings Somborn (Hants), 136. Kings Wood, 317. Kingsbridge Hundred, Church Survey, 1649, 29—21. Kingsettle Hill (I. & II), Alfred’s March, 317—318. Kingsland, J. P., writings, 326. Kingsley, Col., 512. Kingston Deverell, 106. Kingston, Duke of, 218. Evelyn, Duke of, farmsPrebendal Manor of Bradford, 233—236. Rachel, Countess of, 428. Kingswood, Curate’s Stipend, 1650, 3 Kington St. Michael, Heywood, derivation, 348. Persons, see Hine, R. (Vic.); Pierce, Nich ; Selman, Jacob. Vicarage, Value, 1650, 9, 10. Kington, West, Persons, see Daven- ant, Rob. (Vic.). Rectory, Value, 1650, 2. Kington, James, 508. Kinsman, Phil., 4. Kintbury (Berks), 133, 258. Kinwardstone Farm, Herepath, 281. Hundred, Ch. Sur- vey, 1649, 31—38. Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. Kirkpatrick, Geo., 232. Kite, Edw., ‘* Early Days of Sir T. Lawrence,” noticed, 92 ; “ Some Old Houses in Devizes,” noticed, 204—207, 314, 315, 444, “ Range- bourne Mill,” noticed, 91 ; writ- ings, 199, 200, 207, 212. Knight, Alice, 228. Eliz., d. of Sir John, 92. H. H. on Mosses &Rusts, 41— 43, 48, 266. Julian, 245. Mary, 228, 230. Norah C., port., 214. Rich., 228, 234. Widow, 252. Knighton (nr. Broadchalke), de- rivation, 338. (Durrington) derivation, 346. Kniton, Lawrence, 428. Knockbane, 71. Knollys, Will., Ld., 219, 241. Knooke Rectory, Survey, 1650, 20—21, ViOle Xnle 569 Knowle (Little Bedwyn), Hepatics, 47. Farm Pit, cause of Gloss on Flints, 183; Paleeoliths discovered by 8. B. Dixon, be- queathed to Museum, 304, 329, 379 ; cream coloured, 427. Tithe, 38. Knowles, J., port, 214. Knoyle, 318. Knubley, Canon E. P., 169. ‘* Record of the Parish of Steeple Ashton,” noticed, 84. Kroby, Edm., 259. ore Cove (Corn.), Hepaties, 4, Kynaston, Judith, 423. 5038. Sam, 6. “La Tene I.” Brooches, All Cann- ings and Twyford (Hants), 382, 383 ; Cold Kitchen, 215. : Lacock, 90, 212. Ash Farm, “ La Asche,” Nash House, derivation, 408. Early Photographic Apparatus, 429. Hospitallers’ property, 189. Nethercote ; Showell Farm, derivation, 348. Persons, see Barnes, John (Vic.); Glanely, Ld. Vicar- age, value, 1650, 2. Lactuca, Rusts, 268. Lacye, John, 10. Lady Fern, Galls., 364. Laird, Jane M., d. of John, 70. Lake (Wilsford) Barrow on Devizes —Salisbury Road, 427. Derivation, 338, 352. Frag- ment of Diabase from Stone- henge? 485. Saxon interment, 426. Lake Superior (N. America), Ancient Copper Mines, 374. Lambert, Sir John, writings, 480, 481. Rich., 468. RU. 439, Thos., 123, Col. Thos. S., obit., 439. Uvedale, gift, 526. Lambdown Furze, Dyke, 406, Lambeth Palace, copy of Magna Charta, 98. Lammas Tithes, 105. “ Lamplugh,” 216. Lamplugh, Will., Inscription in Alton Barnes Ch., 200. Lancashire, East, Regt., 439. Lancaster Castle, 89. Lancaster, John, Duke of, 463. Lancaster, Will., obit., 73. 570 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Landrail, scarcity of in Wilts, 186, 480. Lane, Ebenezer, obit., 73. ip W., "Ge “ Langett, The,” 255. Langham, Eliz & Will., 316. Langley Burrell, ‘‘ Peckingell,” derivation, 348. Persons, see Web, Thos. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 3. Tytherton Lucas partly in, 2. Langley, Hen., 113, 115, 119, 120. Langridge Farm, Bath, Stone Celt, 368. Lankaster, Prof. EK. Ray, on cause of Gloss on Flints, 183. Lansdowne[Shelburne] House, 515, 518. Lansdowne, Marquess of, 215, 433; and Lady, ports, 214; Art on, noticed, 209 ; gift, 526; writings, 327. 3rd Marquis, 515. Lapsana, Rust, 267. Laud, Archbishop, 815 ; Copy of Magna Charta, 98. Larch, Rusts, 269. Larding money, Larder silver, de- rivation, 224, 226. Larking, L. B., 188. Larmer, Lavermere Royal), derivation, 351. Late Celtic, Bead Rim Pottery, (Tollard Westwood, 172. Brooches see La Tene I. Tron Objects, Fleshhooks, 184. Objects at Highfield Pits, 97; Stockton Works, 213. Latimer, Will., 7. Latton, Rom. objects near, 391. Laver, Edw., obit., 194. James, 194. Laverton, Helen A. & W. H., 303. Geo. & Mrs., ports., 214. Lavington, 199, 200. Lavington, Market [ East), account of, 216. Knapp Farm, art. on noticed, 89. Persons, see Bleobury, John de (Vic.). Property, 248, 249, 253. Lavington, West. [Steeple or Bishops], Dauntsey Agricultural School, art. on & illusts., noticed, 89. Hospitallers’ property, 190. Old Manor Ho., visited, 162. Rectors, early, 462, 473. Lavington, Thos., 463. Will., 244, Leigh Delamere, Law Day Silver, derivation, 224, 226. Lawes, Edw. Thornton H., obit., 439. H. F., 439. Lawrence, Sir Thos., date of birth (error), 92, 199; “ Early Days of,” art. noticed, 199; Ed. Kite on, noticed, 92. Thos., senr., at Devizes, 92. Thos. (of Bray), 258. Lea Chapel to Garsdon, to be separated, 7. And Cleverton Vicarage, value, 1650, 7. Lea, John & Susanna, 238. Leach, Simon, 248—250; Seal, 249. Lead. Seal with Merchant’s Mark, 98. Water pipe heads, Brownston House, Devizes, 204, Leaf, H., gift, 526. Lecanora, species, 50. Lecidea, species, 50, Ledbury, Jos., 73. obit., 73 ; port., 214. Lee, Fred. H., printer, 492. Rich., 242. Leech, Thos., Archdeacon, 13. Leesfield (Lancs), 306. Legge, A. G., 240. Will., 1st Karl of Dartmouth, 503. ne Tithing of Bradford, 218, 224, And Woolley, Con. stables, 232 ; Rental, 1660, 224, [Lydallmore], Persons, see Kinsman, P. (Rect.) Rectory, Value, 1660, 4. Leskea, species, 44. Leslie, Mr., 393. Lethbridge, H. C. B., 436. Leucodon, species, 44. Levermore, Hich., 260. Lewen, Rob., 251. Lewis, Edmond, 255. Thos., 233. Will., 281, | - Leycester, Will. de., 468. ‘* Liberties,” &c., merged, 197. Lichens, East Wiltshire, by C. P. Hurst, 48—52, 91. Used for oxalic acid, and dyeing, 50. See Mosses. Lichfield Cathedral, Pulpitum, 84, Grammar School, 209. Liddiard family, see Lydiard. Liddington [Luddington] Castle, Hammer stone, 366; Late Celtic pottery, 373; Sarsen axe, 373 ; Greenstone celt, 370. Charter, — 338. Derivation, 338. Library Will. N,, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 571 formerly at Vicarage lost, 136. Parsonage House, 136. Plate, Prebend, services, popu- lation, &c., notes on, 1812, 136. Rom. objects in “ Cod- lings,” at Medbourne, 391. Skull from interment, at Coll. of Surgeons’ Museum. illust., 434. Lidiate, Anth., 477. Light, Hen. W. M., 472, Limax species & vars., 137—139, 149. Lime, Galls, 356. Limenitis sibylla, 317. Limington, 57. Limnaea, species, 148, 149. Limpley Stoke, 238. Constable & Tithingman, 231, 232. Court Baron held, 232. Lincoln, Canon of, 468. Cathe- dral, copy of Magna Charta, origin of, 97, 98; Pulpitum, use of, 84. Linkenholt, 132. Linly, 177. Linnell, John, work at Bowood, 514. Lipe, Great, Farm (Charlton), de- rivation, 343. Lisle, Lady, 223. Sir Will, of Holt, 224—226. Lister, E. G., restores Westwood Manor, 165. Thos., 108. Lithybone, Edw. & Thos., 245. Littlecote, 251, 254, 255. Rom. pavement, 426. Littleton Drew, Dunley, deriva- tion, 348. —_ Persons, see Russell, Geo. (Rect,). Rectory, value, 1650, 4 Lixnaw (Co. Kerry), Monument, 512. Lizard (Corn.), Hepatics, 47. Llanbadarn Vaur, 460. Llandovery, Hepatics, 47. Llangollen, 209. Llewellin, J., gift, 449. Lloyd, John, 471. - Liyn-fawr (Glam.), Bronze Hoard with Iron objects, 382. Local Government, growth of in County, 197. Locke, Ann, 204. Bridgen & Thos., wills printed, 199. Wadham (I. & IT.), built Rowde- ford Ho.; wills printed, 204. Lockeridge, 525. Bronze Age VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. interment, flint dagger, 187, 188. Hospitallers’ property, 189, Mosses, 42. Lockinge (Berks), derivation, 347, 350. Property, 247. Locke Hill (Bowood), Farm, map, 433. Lockswell, Gate (Bowood), 409. Lockyer, Sir N., Astronomical Theory of Stonehenge, 94. Lollingdon Hill (Cholsey, Berks), Derivation, 344. Londinium, 272. London, King’s Coll., 808. St. Paul’s Cath., gravestone of Sir T. Lawrence, 199. Shore- ditch, 466. “ London Chronicle,” 61. ‘** London Gazette,” 55. Long [Longe], Mr., 34, 224. Anth., 252. D. J., Re- stores Mildenhall Ch., 184. Edith, 169. EKdw., 219, 220, 254 ; seatsin Broughton Gifford Ch., 253, Gifford, 219, 220, 254. Hen., 242, 245, 250, 252; Hen., of South- wick, 244. 245, 246; Hen., of Whaddon, 244—246. Hope, 924, John, 225, 243, 245. Lady, patronage, 9. Martha, 245. Mary of Whaddon, 244, 254. May, 945. Rebecea, 244, 245. Richard, ereditor of Bowood property, 506, 509. Risk; 480. Rob., 245, 252 ; and Edith build Nave of Steeple Ashton Ch., 169. Thos., 225, 245, 257. Walt., 235, 245 ; of Rood Ashton, 2387. Rt. Hon. Walt. H., art on, noticed, 209. Will., of Whaddon, 245. Longbridge Deverell, 25. Longford Castle (Britford), deriva- tion, 342 ; illust., 442. Longford (Gloucs.), 10. Longland, John, Dean of Sarum, 106. Longleat, Forest Charters at, 407. Park, 26, Visited, 383. Longtailed Tit, scarce, 91. Lopham Ford, Daviot, Polished Stone Celts, 371. Lophozia, species, 47. Loretto School, 438. bo | 572 Lough Crew (Ireland), mound compared with Silbury, 185. Louisa, Princess, 241. Louisbury, expedition, 517. Lovatt, Miss, gift, 526. Love, Hen. ; John ; Will., 243. Tobias, 241. Lovel, Johanna, w. of Ld. John, 473. John, 220, 473. Sir John, 473. Lord Lovel attainted, 460; builds Elcombe Chapel, 459. Maud gives tithes of Eleombe to Ivry Priory, 456. Thos. builds Steeple Ashton Ch., 169. Lovel & Holand, Will. & Matilda, Lord & Lady, 474. Lowden (Chippenham), derivation, John, 245, Lowestoft, 196. Loxfield Heath Gate (Bowood), 913, 413, 417, 420, Lucas, Joan, 255. Walt. & Maud, build S. aisle of Steeple Ashton Ch., 169. Luckington, Persons, see Wadding- ton N. (Rect.). Rectory, Value, 1650, 3. , Lucy, Francis, 221. Ludborne, property, 253. Ludgate, J. T. & Mrs., ports, 214. Ludgershall, 183, 272, 406. Castle, Wansdyke ? 405. M.P.’s, see Curteis, Griffin. Ludlow, Hen. (I. & IT.), 22. Geo., 22, 23. . Jane, 117. Thos., 254, 255. Will., 22, 23. Lukis, W. C., Notes on Gt. Bedwyn Ch., 130—131 ; writings, 449, Lullington, property, 248, 249. Lush, Will., 177, 178. Lushill (Castle Eaton), derivation, 343. Lusthull [Luteshulle], Rich., de., 461, 462, 468. Lustrells Lease Lane (Bowood), 212. Luxford, Edw., 238. John, owns “ Salisbury Journal,” 64. Lydiard Millicent, Comma Butter- fly, 431. Nat. Hist. Notes by D. P. Harrison, 186. Shaw, derivation, 348. Geo., 15, 16. INDEX TO VOL XLI. Lydiard Tregoze, Chaddington, “ Studley,” derivation, 348, 349. Charterhouse Estate, Toot- hill, &c., sold, 460. Persons, see Pettie, John (Rect.), 470. Toothill, Pits, note on, 434. Lydiard [Liddiard], Ann, 217, 227. Ebenezer, 227, 230. Harry, 233. Hen., 232. John (1. & II.), 217, 222; 227. Lye [Lyghe], Hen. & Will., 245. Rob., 244. Lyle, Thos. de (I. & II.), 474. Lyllebon, Will. de, 289. Lyme (Dors.), 238. “ Lynch,” meaning of in Charters, 339. Lyncomb & Widcomb (Som.), 263. Lynd, Jane, d. of Sir Humph., 92. Lyneham, ** Clack,” derivation,349. Vicar, 472; see Snepp, M. E. Lynn, And., 29. Marmaduke, 253. Lyons, Nich. de, 461. Lypiat Farm (Corsham), deri- vation, 345. Lyttleton (Som.), property, 246. McCaffery, W., port., 214. Maciel, Stone Axe Hammers, 76. Maccombe Down, Dyke, 405. Mace, Penelope, 259. McEvoy, Ch., port., 215. Mackay, Alex., 195, Anstruther, writings, 327. Donald, 195. Col. James, 327. Lucy, obit., 195. Will., obit., 195. Maclean, Dr., 275. Macleane, Canon Douglas,writings, — 326. McMillan, Mrs., gifts, 99. MacVicar, Mr., 46. Maddington held by Fox family, 444, Homanton, derivation, 349. Persons, see Tucker, Edw. Rectory Tithes, 125. Shooting, czrc. 1830, Quails, 444, Winterbourne Maddington, 124, Madocke, Jos., 255, 256. Maesknoll (Som.), Wansdyke, 396. Maggatt, Geo., 251. Magna Charta, known contempor- ary copies traced, 97, 98. Salisbury Cath. copy, origin of, 97, 98. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 573 Mahewe, John & Mary, 254. Maiden Bradley, 384. Kates Bench Farm, derivation, 342. Maidford [Norton Colepark ], deri- - vation, 349. Maidstone Museum, Iron Age pot- _ tery, 382. Main, G., 480, 481. Maior, 107. Major, Albany F.., Wansdyke, its course through E. &S.E. Wiltshire, 396—406. Malacombe (Tollard Royal), deri- vation, 351. Malden (Yorks), 268. Malden, A. R., 179. pales [Mallett], Sir John, 249— ol. Malmesbury, 306. Abbey, gift of Ellandune [Elingdon] to, by Ceaduella, 451, 453; illust., 442 ; owns Charlcote, 342. Cowbridge Ho., 307. Early connection with Winchester, 452. Derivation of Man nington ; ; Rowden; Thornhill, 349. Hundred, Church Survey, 1650, 5—8, 11—14. Market Cross, illust., 442. Vicarage, value, 1650, 5. Westport Church destroyed, 6; Charlton & Brokenborough at- tached to, 6. Malpas Rectory, 462. Malva, Rust, 265, Malvern, 435. Malyn, Frances & Will., 254. Mammoth tooth, Durrington, 434, Manchester, Owen’s Coll. Museum, 374. Peterloo, 89. Mancombe (Warminster), deriva- tion, 352. Mankes, Amy & Anth., 259. Manley, Canon F. H., gifts, 99. , ool, Mannineford, ‘Hammer Stone, 367. Manningford Abbas, Church ser- vices, “plate, new lectory, &c., Notes on, 1812, 134. Persons, see Adams, Mr. (Rect.); Astley, F., (Rect.). Manningford Bohune, 71. Manningford Bruce, Church ser- vices, d&c., 1812, Notes on, 134. Persons, see Wells, Ceo. Manners, F., 249. Manning, G., port, 214. | Mannings Hill Gate & Lane (Bo- wood), 212, 413—415, Mannington [Maydenhen] Farm, sold, 460. (Malmesbury) Derivation, 349. Mansell, Will., 218. Manton, 113, 114, 182. ** And ~ Alec Taylor,” art on, noticed, 91. Dog Hill Long Barrow & Dolmen, 449, 523. Manvers, Ch. Herbert, Earl, 239. Maple, Gall, 356. Marden, Rectory & Vicarage, Sur- vey, 1649, 116. Vicars, see Gonne, Will. Marden River, 408. tion, 342. Marford, Thos., 244. Margaret, Queen, held Melksham & Chippenham, 408, Margeram [Margeran, Margerum, Margerome, Margem], Chr. & Sarah, 229, John (I. & IL.), 229, 231, 232. Markes, Edw, (I. & IT), 219. Marks, A. W., gifts, 100, 216. Fras., 232. Mary, 233. Marlborough, 181, 328. Birds, 317; Hand List of, noticed, 95. College, 303, 304, 324; Account of Life at, by E. F. Benson, noticed, 442; Art on, noticed, 203 ; Calendar, 99 ; Nat. Hist. Soc., gift, 526; Reports, noticed, 91, 317; “Prelude, a Novel,” noticed, 95, 96. Comma Butterfly, 431. Cunetio Kom. Road, 466. Drift near (Geol.), 304. Flowering Plants, Hand List of, noticed, 95. “ Grammar School in the Forties,” by R. W. Merriman, noticed, 447. Granham Hill, illust., 442. High St., illust., 442, Hospitallers’ property, 189. Kennett River, 243. Kings- bury Ward, 243. Lichens, 48. Mosses, 44. Property, 244, 246—248, 251, 253. (Juarter Sessions, 447. St. Margaret’s, Rom. Balance, 391, 392 (fig. ) St. Mary’s Ch., Norman Door, illust., 442 ; Par- ish Library, 134. W ansdyke near, 397. Marlborough, Ear! of, 224. oT 2 Deriva- 574 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Marne (France), La Tene brooches, 383. Marriage Portions for poor maidens bequest, 245. Marridge Hill (Ramsbury), deriva- tion, 350. Marseilles, Rom. pottery, 155. Marsh Warbler, 317. Marsh (—), 257. James & Eliz., 258. G. T., 429. Marshall, Geo., 2. R. D. 376. Marshfield, Persons, see Hort, Josiah. , Marshman, John, his chair given to Baptist Ch., Westbury Leigh, 210. Joshua, 210. W. H., port, 214. Marston Meysey, Eleocharis, 186. Marston, South, Giles Danvers’ M.S. Book described, 427. Marsupella, species, 41, 47. Marten [Bedwyn] Manor, Moat & Castle (?) Mound, 281. Rom. Road, 281, 284, 312. Site of Battle of Merton, 312. Tithes, 37, 38. Martin [Martyn, Marten], Hen. & Geo., 254—259. Martindale, Rich., 465. Martinsell, Art on, noticed, 323. Camp, illust., 442. = Marlborough College, 95, 96. Marvyn, Sir J., see Mervyn. Mary, @. of Scots, Cup used at last Communion, 86. Maryport = Uxelodum; Uxello- damo, 88. Maskelyne, Mrs. T.Story, 478; and Canon Manley on Eccles. Hist. of Wroughton, its Rectors and Vicars, 451— 478 ; gifts, 216, 526; writings, 81 Mason, Ben., 239. Sam., 356. (als. Spicer) John, 463. Masons, Medizval, London & Gloucester Schools, 321. Massinger, Phil., art on, noticed, 209. Matcham, Jarvis, 198. Matcham’s Bridge, 198. Mate, Will., writings, 100. Matthew, Edw., 246. Thos, & Will., 219. : Matthews, Thos., 223. Will., 232. Mattick, Thos., 261. Maultman, Thos., 225. Maundrell, Edith; Eliz.; Rich., Rob. ; 315. John, martyr, 315. Maurice, Dr. J. B,, 211. Dr. eo Gali, GAB: May [ Maye], Grace, 245. Hen., 241, 248, 251. Johan, 245. John, 245, 251; seal, 250 ; order in Chancery, 252; Survey of Old Park, Devizes, 191. Rob., 244. Mayne, Cyril, writings, 99. Mayo, James & Susan, 260. Joan; Rob.; Rich. ; 245. John, 245, 246. Mays, Thos., 231. Mead, G. H., 438. Meare, Chr., 19. Mearson, Mr., 491. Medbourne, see Liddington. Medlicott, H. E., 302. Medowe, Will., 465. Megalithic Monuments, circles, see Clatford ; Stonehenge, Dolmens, see Clatford; Devil’s Den; Manton ; Temple. Melampsora, species, 264, 268, 269. Melampsoridium, species, 269. Melbourne Ho. (Bratton), deriva- tion, 342. Melbury (Dors.), 444. Melksham, 195, 200, 257, 328, 438. Beanacre, 304. Beech- field, 305. Berryfield, 257. Church, alterations, &c., Te Cottage Hospital, 72. Cray Croft, 438. Forest [Blackmore], 407; held by Q. Marg, 408; tithes, 127. House, 305. Hundred, Ch. Survey, 1650, 38, 39. “ Jes- eps,” 257. Newtown, 257. Property, 246, 247, 254, 258. Riots, 57, Rotteridge, Selve’s Farm; Woodrew; deri- vations, 349. St. Andrew’s Church, 305. Stackers Pit, Dae Volunteers, 1860, 70. Melor, St., account of, 321. Membury (Ramsbury), derivation, 300. Menzies, Mrs. Stuart, 322. Meon Stokes (Hants), 467. Mercurialis, Rust, 264, 269. Mere, Castle Hill, visited, 384. Church, bench ends, 387 ; Parvise INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 575 Museum, 427; visited, 384. Dean’s Hall, 106. Deriva- tions of Chetcombe; Cunnage ; Swainsford, 349. Downs, 318. Held by Duchy of Cornwall, 384. Hundred, Ch. Survey, 1649, 105. Hurdles Herne, 105. _Lords Mead, 105. Meaning of ‘** Mere” in place names, 337. Rectory, Survey, 1649, 105— 107. Ship Hotel, 384. Southbroke, 105. Vicarage, value, 107. Waterstreete, 106. Whatley, 105. Wood- lands Ho visited, restoration, 384. Meredith, Rich., 245. Meredith-Brown, M., obit., 305. Merest, James, 136, 459, 471. Merewether, Fras., 206. Hen., 263; of Foxcote (Som.), 263. John (I. & IT.), 263. Merkedene=Marden Stream, 408. Merrett, T. & Mrs., ports., 214. Merril Down [Heath] (Bedwyn), Wansdyke branches, 400, 402, 403. Merriman, R. W., gifts, 450, 526 ; ‘¢ Marlborough Grammar School” & “ Wilts Quarter Sessions ” noticed, 447. Merston, Geof. de, 473. Mervyn [Marvyn], Sir James, 246, 247 ; Initials & work at Avebury Manor, 440, 441. Methuen [Methwin], Mr., 223. Anth. (1. & IL.], 85, 228. Field Marshal Lord, Arts. on Sale of Plate, noticed, 84—86. John, 205, 206, 228 ; Ld. Chan- cellor of Ireland, 85. Paul (I. & II ], 85, 220, 228, 236, 239 ; Ambassador, 85 ; introduces Dutch Weavers to Bradford, 228. Thos., 228. Methuen Treaty, 85. Mettayer, Louis, silversmith, work, 85, 86. Meyler, Thos., Master of Marl- borough Grammar School, 447. Meyrick, Arthur, 132. Bho BUUE, Meyrick-Jones, F., restores Wood- lands Ho., 384. Mibourg, Lewis, 250. Micheldever (Hants), derivation, 342. Mitchell, John, 18. Middleton Stoney (Oxon.), 468. Middleron, Mrs., 304. Midghall, derivation, 339. Manor Map, 1773, 428. Microlejeunea, species, 48. Milax, species, 137, 140. Mildenhall [Mildenhald ], 297. Black Field, site of Cunetio, 153. Chopping Knife Road, 151. Church, plate & services, notes, 1812, 134; New wooden fittings, 1814, 134. Cock-a-troop Lane, 151. Mere Farm, 296. Poulton, derivation, 349. Roman coins, 392. Rom. potter’s stamps, 383. Roman well on site of Cunetio, opened 1912, J. W. Brooke on the excavation, 151, 152; Mrs. M. E. Cunning- ton on the pottery found, 153—159 (4 plates). Sarsen muller, 372 (fig). Stichcombe, 392 ; Rom. Road, 392. Stone celt of Bridlington type, 369. Werg, 151. Miles [Myles], Mrs. E., “ Tisbury Past & Present,” noticed, 311. James, 232. Sarah, sells Purton Ho., 80. Thos., 115, 177, 231. Mill Hill, 205. Millard [| Miller], Mr., 8. Ann, 260. Jos., 260. Will, 232. Miller, Wolston, 9. Mille, J. R., 225. Millington, H., musician, 96. Mills [Milles], Rich., 241. Will., 221, 225, 241. Milman, Miss, 170, 204, Milne- Redhead, G. B., note, 182. Milsom, Ch. (I. & II.), 263. Milton (Kent), 472. Milton Hill Bronze Palstave, 215. Milton Lilbourne, 298. Church, plate, services, &c., notes, 1812, 134. Persons, see Brathwaite, J. (Wie) es. Galles dig lel (Vii)! © Jackson, Mr. (Cur.). Milweare, Thos, 11. Minehead, 271. eely Manor Court & Custom, Partly in Gloucestershire, 8. Persons, see Leech, Thos, (Rect.); Wayte, B. (Vic.). Rectory, Survey, 1650, 13, 14. 576 INDEX WO, VOU.ssaLI- Rom. Brick & Tile Kiln, 424. Vicarage, value, 1650, 8. Ministry of Agriculture, gifts, 99. Minster Lovel Priory cell to Ivry, property at. Wroughton, 404, 474. Mint, Rust, 268. Mistlebury Wood (Chalke), deriva- tion, 343. Mitchell, Mr., 129. Mizen, Mr. & Mrs., ports., 214. Mnium, species, 40, 41, 44, 45. Moats. Martin (Bedwyn), 281. Moffat, Mr., work at Boyton Manor, 386. Mollusca, East Wiltshire, by C. P. Hurst, 137—150. Hedgehog Snail, 141. Snails climb trees, 137—140, 144; from various localities, distinguish- able, 138. Monastic Houses, see Ivry; Malmesbury; Minster Lovel; Winchester Cath. Monday, Nich., 251. Mongewell (Oxon), 471. Monks Hill (Bowood), 414; Rom. Coins; derivation, 416. Monks Park, 70. Monkton Farleigh, Persons, see Pinckney, E. C. Montagu, Adm. J. W., 180. Lord, collecn., 371. Montague, Mrs. Clements, 487. “ Monthly Review,” 61. Moodie, John, 255. Moody, Ch., owned ‘Salisbury Times,” 486, 487. Ht. ©., 501: Moore, And., silversmith, work, 86. F. J., port, 214. Grace ; Jasper; ‘Thos. ; 20, 21. Morgan, James, 228. Morgan’s Hill, Wansdyke, 396. Morley Farm (Crudwell), deriva- tion, 345. Morley, Edw., 428. Fras., 458, 459, 467, 471. Geo., Bp. of Winchester, 467. “ Morning Leader,” 486. Morrice, ‘Thos:, 222. Morris, Joan, 230. 214. Morrison, Alf., Collection of Auto- graphs, sale, 87, Jas., port, Morse (—), 201. Miss M. E., port, 214. Mortimer, And., 262. Sam., 261. Will., 8, 15. Mortival, Bp. Roger de, 310; tomb in Salisbury Cath., 178, 179. Morvah Hill (Corn.), Barrow, 94. Moschatel, Rust, 267. Mosses, Hepatics & Lichens, East Wiltshire, By C. P. Hurst, 40—52 Mostyn, Rob., 241. Moule, G. H., 88. Moulton, H. R., 428. John, 238; gift, 217. J. C., gift, 98. Mountford, John, obit., 73. Mountjoy, Lord, 244, Edm., 113, 115, 119, 120. Will., 1, 3, 10. Moxon, Sam., 260. Moydrum (Ireland), 439. Mundy [Munday ], Geo., 194. Jas., 237. Herb., obit., 194. John, 192. Murray, Hen., 226. Will, grantee of Bowood, 410, 411. Musham, J. F., 147. Muston, Alby, 250. Mycology, Imp. Bureau of, estab- lished, 264. Myers, Canon Ch., 208. Mydham (?) Week, 428. Napperton Wold, Hammer Stone, 365. Narbonne, Rom. pottery, 155. Nash Hill, derivation, 408. Nash, F., port, 214. Hen., 257. Rob., 255, 257, 258. Neal, Mr., 481. Will., 252. Neale and O’Neale, family of Wootton Rivers, origin, 209, Neate. Anth. & Thos., 296. John & Steph, 205. Neckera, species, 41. Necton, 460. Nectria (fungus), 362. Needlework at Avebury Manor, 441, Neeld, Col. Sir A., gift, 98. Neolithic flints, 87. Trade with Brittany, 371. Nepeta, Galls, 360. Nesfield, Lucy P., 4389. Netheravon Church, dedication of bell, 437. ; Nethercote (Lacock), derivation, 348. Netherhampton, Persons, see New- bolt, Sir A. j Nethermore (Pewsham), deriva: — ation, 350. INDEX TO VOL, XLI. 577 Netherstreet, 97. Nettle, Galls, 360. Rust, 270. Nettleton ; Burton ; : Broadmead, derivations, 349. Persons, see Fabian, J. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 9. Neve, Thos., 465. Nevill, Geo., 7. New Forest (Hants), Wild Boars turned out in, 201. Tithes, 127. NewGrange(Ireland), mound com- pared with Silbury, 185. “New Sarum Punch,” Hist. of, 479, 481, 482, 501. Newall, R. §8., 190; Discovers 22 Aubrey Holes aut Stonehenge, 93, 168; Work at Stonehenge, 160 >N otes, 434. Rob., 429. Newbery, A., Le B., 69. Fras., Patent medicines, 63, 64 ; printer, 60. John, 60. Newbolt, Sir Hen., writings, 325. Newbury, Church, Monument of G. Curteis, 88. Newcastle Emlyn, 427. Newington, North, see Stoford. Newland, John, 4. Newlin, Rob., 467, 470, 476. Thos., 455—458, 470, 477. Newnton, Long, Persons, see Est- court, Geo. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 6. Newnton, North, 187. Newport, 59. Sir Woolos, 435. Newspapers, English, 322. Stamp Duty on, 63, 64, 483, 495; abolished, 67. Tax increased, 62, 63. Wiltshire News- papers, Past & Present, Pt. III. S. Wilts, by Mrs. H. Richardson 53—69. Newton A bbot(Dev.),Galls,356,358. Newton, Ben., 129, 131. John, 931, 232, 238. Nicholas family of Roundway, 313, Soe Griffin, 315. John Civcahh) sila. Rob:, 206, 315 ; Judge, 315 ; M.P. Devizes, 92. Col. Oliver, 129. Nicholas, of Myra (St.), cult of in 12th cent,, 310. Nichols, Beverley, writings, 95. Nicholson, Otho, 126. Will., 307. W. E., on Mosses, &e., . 41—48. _ Nidum, not at Wanborough, 273. Nightingale, J. E., works, 68. Nightingales, scarce, 430. Nisbitt, James, 9. Noble, Dan., 259. Noke (Oxon), 250. Norberne, Hen., 9. Normans Ground (Bowood), 409. Normanton (Wilsford), derivation, 302, Simon, 245. Norridge (Upton Scudamore), derivation, 351. Norrington, 209. (Alvediston) derivation, 340. (Broughton Gifford) 261. Norris, John, 35. Will., 228. Northampton, St. Peter’s, 460. Northbrook, 187. Norton (N. Wilts), Persons, see Coxe, Mr. Vicarage, value, 1650, 7 Norton Bavant, Barrows, — see Scratchbury. House, 193. Rectory, Lease, 428. Norton Colepark, derivation of Maidford, 349. Norton Grange, 89. Norton St. Phillip (Som.), 196, 246. Nott, Sam., 240. Nottingham, Museum, 211. Nousse, Mr., 60. Nowell, Thos. (1. & IT.), 263. Noyes, Will., 118, 119. Nursteed (Kent), 472. See Bishop’s Cannings. Nustrell’s Lease Lane [Nuthills ; Nusterleigh], (Bowood), 4138— 415. Nutt, Rob., 241. Nuttbury, field, 26. Nythe Farm, origin of name NG 278. Oak Apple Gall, 854, 361; Day, origin of, 361. Galls, 361, 362. Marble Gall introduced into England, 362. Oakford, Ch., 521. Oaksey, Clattinger, derivation, 350. Common, Flistridge Hill, Rom. Brick & Tile Kiln, 829, 424. Nursery Wood, 425. Persons, see Ellson, Thos. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 7, 8. Oare, derivation, 339. Late Celtic pottery, 425. Oats, Rust, 265. Obituary, Wiltshire, 70—78, 578 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 194—196, 302—308, 435— 440. Ody, Rich., 10. Thos., 177. Offley, David, 116. Ogbourne, derivation, 339. Great and Little, Rectories, Sur- vey, 1649, 111—1138. Rom. Road to Wanborough, 272. Whitefield Hill, Hammerstone, 366. Ogbourne St. Andrew (Little), Persons, see Tucker, R. H.; Webb, Barth. House, value, 1649, 112. See also Barbury ; Rockley. Ogbourne St. George (Great), Bonds Farm, 112, 113. Per- sons, see Burley, J.; Goddard, V. Rectory leased, 112. Vicarage value, 1650, 113. Tithes, 1650, 112. Yeilding Copse, Ditch, 296. Ogle, N. 240. | Old Dyke Lane, Wansdyke, 401, 402. Oldbury, Iron Age pottery, 383. Oldfield, Geo., 11. Oldham, Ch., on Mollusca, 141, 148. Oldhat barrow (Everley), 346. Oligotrophus, species, 358, 362, 363, 364, Oliver’s Camp, Late Celtic iron object identified, 184. Omosaurus armatus, Swindon, 314. Onion, Rust, 269. Opegrapha, species, 51. Orchardleigh (Som. ), 249. Orcheston St George (Aurston ; Orston), property, 244, 251. Orchis incarnata, 91. Orde, Major-Gen. James, 86. Organ, James, 10. Orenge, James, 248, 249, 252. “Original Letters of Smith, Brown, Jones, and Robinson.” acct. of, 479— 481. Ornithocheirus (Pterodactyl), 432. Orpen, Gainsborough’s “ Parish Clerk,” 231. John, 231, 232. Orthotrichum, species, 41. Osborne, C. C., edits ‘‘ Salisbury Journal,” 68. J. Lee, wri- tings noticed, 99, 321, 328, 449 ; gift, 449. Osmund, Bp., 97. account of, 311. Vicarage Family, Oundle [Undele], Rectory and Rector, 461, 462. Outram, Dr., 135. <. Overton, West, Boreham ; Hursley _ Bottom, derivation, 350. Triple barrow, 184. West — Woods, White Admiral Butterfly, BI See Lockeridge. - Overton, John, 192. Overtown, see Wroughton. Owen, Thos., 244, 245. Owl, Little, increase of, 183, 186, 430. Short-Eared, 430. Oxdown Copse, 405. Oxenwood, 405. Mosses, 44. Oxford, Boat Races, 305. Coll. of St. Frideswide property at Wroughton, 475. Mag- dalen & Balliol College (Fisher’s Building), Radcliffe Observatory & Infirmary, work of Hen. Keene, 510. Pitt Rivers Museum, 375. Pace, Rich., Dean of Sarum, 106. Paddington, 306. Padden, Rob., 245. Page, Thos., 8. Page Roberts, W. (Dean of 5.), writings, 326, Painshill (Surrey), 515. Painter, Mrs., port, 214. Hen. (L. & II.) & Rich., 220. Paintings, Mural, see Amesbury — Ch., Bedwyn Gt., Damerham; — Imber, Churches. : Palmer, Ch., 233, 235, 236. G. H., 209 ; writings, 322. Brig.-Gen. G. L1., port, 214, John (I. & IL), 8, 233, 234, 236, 473. Mary, 282. Sir Walt., 499, 500. Will., 233. Will. le., 474. Palmerston, Ld., 483. Palmse [Palmson], Money, deriva- tion, 224, 226. | Paltham, Mrs., 257. . “‘ Pamela,” pub., 61. Papcastle=A ballava, 88. Paradise, family, by A. Schomberg, — Wills of Alice ; Ambrose ; Anth, ; Avice ; Frances; Francis ; Hen. ; — Hester ; James; John (I. & IL) ; © Rich.; Rob. (I. & II.); Rog. ; Thos. (I. & II.) ; Will. (1. & IL.);_ 312, 313. P Parham, Rob., 428. | Parishes, ‘‘ Divided Parishes Act,” ~ INDEX TO VO. XLL 579 1876, separate portions united, 197, 198. Park Ho., Wansdyke, 402, 406. Parker, John, 10. Rob., 232. Parkhurst Forest (I. of W.), Mosses, 438. Parkins, W., 494. Parlere, Will. le, 283. Parloe, James, 223. — Parmelia, species, 40, 50. Parr, Miss, gift, 526. holds Rowde, 315. Parrey, John, 226. Parry, John, 260, 261, 262. Rich., 262. Parsonage Houses, condition of, 1812, 129. . Parsons, W. G., port., 214. alias Seager’s lands, Bowood, 414. Pashent, Fras., tokens, 215. Pashion, John & Nich., 244. Pass, A. C., Excavations at Sil- bury, 164. Passmore, A.D., 369, 433; Collec- tions, 153, 366, 369, 870, 373, 393; gifts, 100, 330, 879, 449 ; Notes, 184, 382, 434; on Ave- bury, surface of stone in Cove, worked, 163 ; on Chelonian found at Swindon, 313; on Devil’s Den Dolmen, account of Monument and work in 1921, to strengthen N.E. upright,523— 530 ( figs) ; on glossy flints at Collingbourne, 183 ; on Pterodactyl bone, 432 ; on Roman Finds in N, ’ Wilts, 389—395; on Roman Wanborough, 272—280: on Silbury compared with Irish mounds, &., 185, 186; work for Arch. Noc.. 380. Patcombe (Edington), derivation, 346. Patney, 116. Paul, Veronica, port., 215. Paulson, R., on Lichens, 49, 51. Pavenhill, see Purton. Pavey, Marg., d. of Thos., 448. Pavlovka (S. Kussia), ‘Triple Barrows, 184. Pawlett, Will., 225. Payne, Nich., deed, 252. Peade, Rob., 206. Pearce, T. W. H.S., writings, 95. Peare, John & Mary. 220. VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. (. Cath. Pearse, John, 243. Pechano, Nich. de, 460. Peckingell (Langley Burrell), deri- vation, 348. “ Peculiars,” Bedwyn, &c., 129. Peekes, Mr., 257. Peers, C. R., 524. Peirce, Edw. & Rich., 192. Nich., 9. Tristram & Will., 27. Peirson, L. G., gifts & writings, 100. Notes, 182. Pellia, species, 46. Peltigera, species, 49. Pemberton, Log., 246. Pembroke, Earl of, 96, 466; and Countess, ports, 215, Hen., 2nd Earl, Armour made for, illust., 441 ; holds Bradford . Manor, 217, 218. Phil., 7th Earl, death, 412; sold Rams- bury, 316. Will., 1st Earl; art. on, noticed, 209; holds Ramsbury, 316. Pembroke, Geo., 217. Pemphigus. species, 354, 363, 364. Pendock, Will., 305. Penleigh (Westbury), derivation, 346. Penn, Thos., 10. Penny, John, 231, 232. Penruddocke, Miss, carriage be- longing to, 212. Ch., Sheriff, 212. Penshaw (Durham), Galls, 358. Pentrich, Will., 464, 469. Pepper as Rent, 244. Pepper, Anth., 466. ‘Peppercorn Lease,” 257. Pepwell, John, 256. Perham Down, Camp & Ditch, 406. Perkins, John, 223. Pevrrisia, Galls, 355, 356, 358—360. Perry, Edm., 26. Widow, 228. Persoun, Walt. (or Will.), 469. Pertusaria, species, 50, Pertwood, 318. Peryn, Giles, 255. Pescod, Will., 239. Pestropp, Thos., 257. Petasites, Rust, 267. Peterloo Massacre, art. on noticed, 88, 89. Peters, A. E. G., 179. Petit Mont (Morbihan), chambered mound, 186. Pettie, John, 470. Petty, Anne, 509, Will., Earl 2uU 580 INDEX TO VOL XLI. of Shelburne, 433. 509, 517. Peruse Rom. pottery, &c., 155, Pewsey, 129. Carnival, 212. Church, Pulpit & Reading Desk, 1739, Picture of Moses & Aaron. Fire Buckets, Plate, &c., notes on, 1812, 135. Geology, 304. Herepath, course of, 281, Sir Will, 282. Neolithic implements, 329. Persons, see Bullock, W.H.; Cook, A.; Dixon,S. B. ; Townsend, J. (Rect ). See also Kastcott. Pewsham, or Chippenham Forest, 407. Disatforested, 409. Farm granted to Bradenstoke, 413. Tithes, 2, 126. Warden of, 410. Pewsham Lodge, 1609, 410. Nethermore, derivation, 350, Phaeographis, species, 49, 51. Phelps, Hen., 260. John, 115. Ld. John, 260. “ Philatelic Journal,” 499. Philips, R. R., writings, 91. Phillips, Sam., port., 214. S. J., 85. | Philonotis, species, 41, 43. Phipps & Son, 89. F., 436. Phragmidium, species, 264, 266,271. Physa, species, 149. Physcia, species, 49, 50. Physcomitella, species, 43. Physic, John, 238. Picasso, works, 328. Piccadilly (Bedwyn), 284. Pickering, Hen., 227. Pickett, Thos., owns Manor of Calne, 433. Pickwick (Corsham), Comma But- terfly, 431. Pig Breeders’ Herd Book, 68. “ Burning the Pig,” illust., 442. Pigeon Loft, 10. Pike, Florence, 196, Pill Bridge (Crudwell), derivation, 345. Pilpot, see Bowood. Pinchin, Rich., 259. Thos., 224, Pinckney, Erlysman, obit., 71. ; port., 214. Erlysman, (I. & IT.), 71. Jalen (el Will., 499. Pinker, Mary, 177. Piper, John, 132. Pirbright, 326. Pisé cottages, 190. Pitman, H. A., gifts, 450. John, 247. Pitt, Hon. Louisa, 86. Pithouse, Will., 245. Pitt-Rivers, Gen., 154, 386. Excavations, 382; at Alderley Kdge, 374. Pitton, Persons, see Zouch, Edw. Place Names of Wiltshire, by G. B. Grundy (correcting Ekblom), 335—353. From contemporary owners, 336. Placodium, species, 50. Plagiothecium, species, 41. Plaitford, Persons, see Pavey, Marg. & Thos. Plant Galls, East Wiltshire, by C. P. Hurst, 354—364, Plate, Rock Crystal & silver gilt Gothic cup, Ld. Methuen’s, sold, illust. & described, 84—86. Platysma, species, 49. Plear, John, 239, 242. Pleasley (Derbys.), 439. “ Pleck,” meaning of, 419. Pleuridium, species, 42. Pleurococcus, 137. Plough Boot & Fire Boot, 174. “ Pluralities” in the 13th cent., 455. Plurrett [Plurratt] family, deeds, 230—233. Pocock, A, port., 214. Sir Isaac, 468. Will., 261. Poitiers, Rom. baths, 155. Polecat at Fisherton Delamere & Sutton Benger, 429. Polesdowns [Polesdons] Farm, Mosses, 43. Wansdyke, 401. Polesworth (Warw.), 303. Pollard, Jos., printer, 496. Pollen, Mary C., d. of Sir Hunger- ford, 71. Polytrichum, species, 42. Pomatias, species, 149. Pomeroy Farm (Winkfield), deriva- tion, 353. Pontania, 363. Ponten’s Lane [Ponteres Lane; Powsum ], Bowood, 213, 413, 416, 420. Ponting, C. E., 309. Pontissara, Bp. John de, 4538, 460. Poole Keynes, Persons, see Fereby, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. a8l John (Rect.). value, 1650, 7. Poole, Will., 255, 256, 258. Poor Law, new, 1834, 197. Poore, Major, Small Holding Scheme, Winterslow, 488. Phil. & Mary, 18. Bp. Rich., efligy ? at Salisbury, 310. Pope, Rob., 191. Popham, Edw., 426, Sir Francis, 249—251, 255, 258. Sir John, 250. Poplar, Galls, 354, 868, 364. Rusts, 269. Popplechurch, not site of Rom. station, 274. Population of Marlborough & Cricklade Deaneries, 1812, 129— 136. Port, Will., 223. Porter, Anne, 459, Fras., 459, 471. Will., 250—252. ‘* Portifer,” 469. Portus Magnus, Rom. Road, 272. Portugal, ancient copper mines, 374, Postlebury (Witham, Som.), deri- vation, 347. Potentilla, Rusts, 266, 271. Rectory, Poterium, Galls, 357. Rusts, 266. Potter, (—), 191. Edm., 191, 428. J. & Mrs., ports., 214. John, 474. Thos., 192. Potterne, 206, 312, 248, 313. Byde Mill, 347. Church, built by Bp. Poore? Font, Saxon or Norman? A. Hamilton Thompson on, 168, 201. Derivation, 339. Flower family, 444. Hundred, Lay Subsidy Roll, 242. Manor & Prebend, leased, 428. Persons, see Rogers, K. J.; Strangridge, N. Porch Ho., illust., 442; visited, 168. Rangebourne Mill, derivation, 350. Sandfield, 302. Skeletons found in “Old Ch. yard” site of Bishop’s Chapel, 202. See also Rangebourne ; Whistley Ho. Pottery, Bronze Age Drinking Cup, Amesbury, 320; Locker- idge,187. Cin.Urns,Amesbury, Ratfyn, 191; Avebury, Wind- mill Hill, 426; Little Bedwyn, 426 ; Stonehenge, 161. From barrow, 312. Early Iron Age, All Cannings Cross, 3879 ; Andover, pits, 381; Maidstone Museum, 382; Winchester, 382 ; Bead rimmed, Savernake, Oare, &e., 425; Finger-tip ornament, like Bronze Age urns, 381, 382. Late Celtic, “ Bead Rim,” Charcoal mixed with, 154, Mediaeval, Old Sarum, 89. Neolithic, Wexcombe Long Bar- row, 427. Rom. Brit., oyster shells used in, 427; Ald- bourne, 389; Westwood, 330. Roman, Arretine, Savernake, 425. Pottia, species, 43. Pouchmore Gate, Bowood, 409. Poulshot, Bydemill Lane, deriva- tion, 347. Persons, see Boulter, Thos. (Highwayman). Property of Ch. Simkins, 205. Poulter, Edm., 240. Poulton (Mildenhall), derivation, 349. ‘“* Pound-breach,” 232. Pountismoor, Bowood, or Normans Grounds, owners, 409, 414. Poulet, John, 239, 242. Powderham (Dev.), 248. Powell, John, 247. 433. Map by, ’ Power, Thos., 6. Powlett, Lady Anne, 227, 230, 237 ; holds Manor of Bradford, 231— 233. Francis, Lord, holds Bradford Manor, 218, 227 —230, 233, 238. Powten Stone (Groveley), deriva- tion, 346. Poynder, Hon. Joan Dickson, ports., 214, 215. Poyntz, Rich., 255, 258. “Prelude” [novel ve Marlbro. Coll.], 95, 96. Pre-Norman Sculptured Stones, Amesbury, cross head, 320. Codford St. Peter Ch., 387. Ramsbury Ch., 309. Preshute, Chapel of St. Martin, 114, “ Godcrofte,” 113. Langdon Weeke, 114. Piked mead, 113. Ld. Seymour’s feilde, 114. Rectory, Survey, 1649, 1183—115, ee Ue 582 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Temple Rockley,114 ; ‘“Templars Bath,” Sarsen Stone, 330. Vicar’s salary, 1649, 114, 115. Vicarage advowson, 115; site of old Vicarage and Rectory, 135. Vicars, see Buckerfeld, B. ;- Burgh., Nich. ; Miles, Thos. Preston, T. A., 431. Pretyman, Rich., 455, 457, 459, 468, 472. Price, Mr., 136,459. Aubrey, 472. Aubrey Ch., 472. Fras., 178. John, 472. Rice, 472, | Prideaux, Edw., 108. Primrose, Rusts, 271. Printers, see Abel, W. J.; Barton, Hen.; Collins, Ben. & Will. ; Coombs, A. W.; Coupland, J.; Cox, T. 'T. ; Farley, 8. ; Farrant, G. H. S. & Rob.; Halpin, W. H.; Hearn, J.; Hooton, C.; Moody, C. ; Newbery, F-. ; Pollard, J.; Roe, E. Printing by Steam, 481. Prist, Eleanor ; Mary ; Thos., 262. John, 259, 262. Pritchard, J. E., gift, 216. W., 487. Prosperous Wansdyke, 401. Provence, Rom. Pottery, 155. Prower family of Purton, 80. Prunus, Galls, 356. Pryer, Will., 254. Psyllidae, 354, 356, 360. Pterodactyl, Kim. Clay, Swindon, 432. Pterogonium, species, 41. Public Schools, Novels on, 95 Puccinia Malvacearum, Hollyhock Rust, History of, 265, 2'70. Species, 265—271. Pucciniastrum, species, 265, 266, 271. Pucklechurch (Gloucs.), 255. Pudnam, field name, 241. Pudnell (Erlestoke), derivation, 346. Puffin, 182. Pullen, Will., 258. axe, 373. Pulpitum or Choir Screen, uses of, 83. Punctum, species, 142. Punier, Mr., 136. Purton, “ Battle Field,” 81. House, Finds stone Bentham Farm; Hursted ; Res- trop ; derivations, 350. Brick- yard, Rom. Brit. Pottery & coins, 393. ‘* Chamberlaynes = Purton Ho., 80. Church, Bell recast, 79 ; Skeleton found in wall of,anchorite ?, 80 ; illust., 442; interior before restoration, illust., 79 ; restoration, 80. Church Farm, 83. Close, 81. College Farm, Claren- don & Hyde family, 79; oak chimney pieces, illust., 79. Comma Butterfly,431. ‘* Curly Tom,” port, 79. Enclosure of Commons, 459. Fairs, 81. ‘““ House,” cedar tree, 80; illusts., 1800, 79 ; owners, 80. Manor House, built by Ld. Chandos, 80; illusts, 79; wing added, 80. Mosaic, glass, said to have been found, 393. Pack Horse Toll Gate, 393. Parish Boundaries, 81. Paven- hill, Rom. pavement, &c., 893. Persons, see Kempster, F.; Kibblewhite, J.; Prower family ; Richardson, A., E.M., MLS. ; Veysey, J. (Vic.). Poors Platt Charity land let by “ Chalking the Bellows,” 80. Roll of Honour, 81. Rom: Pottery lamp, 393. Salts Hole Spring, 81. “ The Story of,” by KE. M. Richardson, noticed, 79—81, 99. Saying ‘‘ You - come from Purton,” 81. = Vicar- age, old, pulled down, .skeleton found, 80. War work, 81. Watkins Corner, 80. Work- house, 393. See also Restrop. Purton Stoke, Charity Land in Braden, 80. Puthall (Little Bedwyn), deri- vation, 340. Tithes, 38. Pyarde, Chr., 242. Pye, Walt., 219, 241. . Pyle, Sir F. & Lady, 35. Pym, John, 410. Pyne, Ben., silversmith, work by, 86. John, 254. Pyramidula, species, 142. Pyrola minor, 182. Quadrant of boxwood, 98. Quail, 317. On Salisbury Plain, 1830, 444, Quantock Hill, 200, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 583 Quarles, James, 35, 39, 124. Quarter Sessions, civil administra- tion by, 447. Queensberry, Duke of, 426. Quemerford [Quimberford], deri- vation, 339. Tything of Calne, 15. Querns, saddle, made with mullers, 382, Quick, Rich., 199. Quidhampton(Bemerton& Wrough- ughton), derivation, 341, 353. (Wroughton), 451. | Rake, Titus, 231. Raleigh, Sir Carew, 466. Walt., Dean of Wells, 455, 466, 467. Sir Walt., 466. Ramalina, species, 49. * Rambler, he,” 58, 61. Ramesey Abbey, 461. Ramsay, J. C., obit., 306. Ramsbothom, J., 269, 271. Ramsbury, 297, 428. Bishop's Mansion, Licence to crenellate, 316. Church, Saxon cross shafts, &e., 309. Deriva- tion, 339; of Marridge Hill, Membury, Thrup Farm, 350. Kastridge, Kim. shale waste pieces, 393. Hundred, Ch. Survey, 1649, 109. Illusts., 442. Manor bought by Sir _W. Jones, 316; Descent of, 315, 316; exchanged by Bp. Salcot, 316 ; held by Bishop, 316 ; held by Will. Herbert, lst EK. of Pem- broke, 316. Manor House, art. & illusts., noticed, 315, 316 ; Bridge, date of, 316; built by Karl of Pembroke, 316; by Sir Will. Jones, 316 ; not on site of old house, 316; orangery & rain- water heads, date of, 316; work of Adam & Chippendale at, 316. Mollusca, 141—144. Mosses, &c., 42, 47, 48, 51. Persons, see Burdett, Sir F. & Lady ; Meyrick, A. Prebend. 464, Rusts, 265, 270. See of, united to Sherborne, 316, Rand, Mrs., 6. Randoll, Mr., 225, Rangebourne Mill (Potterne), art. on, noticed, 91 ; derivation, 350. Manor [Ryngeresburne ; Ringesborne ; Ryngeborne], de- scent of, 91. Ranunculus Drouetti, 91. Flammula, var., 91. Rust, 271. Ratfyn, see Amesbury. Raymond, Thos., 244. Raynor, Sam., 236, 237. Rawlence, EK. A., on site of Battle of Aithandune, noticed, 317. Rawnsley, Canon, 376. Rea, Carleton, 265, 267, 271. Read [Reed ], Thos., 235. Reading, Museum, objects, 153, 369. ~ Senecio squalida, 182. Recipes for cure of diseases, 427. Records, old, value of, 327. Rectories founded by Saxon land- owners, 453, Held by Archdeacons, license of non- residence, 454, 455. Leased, see Church Survey, 1649. Red Admiral Butterfly, 186. Red-backed Shrike, scarce, 430. Red Shore, derivation, 96. Redemor, Walt. de, 473. Redhill (Calne), 433. Gate (Bowood), 213, 413, 414, 421. Rediche, Will., 249, Redlynch, 459. Shearwood Copse, derivation, 350. (Som.) Charity of Sir Steph. Fox, 443. Redman, Alf., port., 214. John, 251. Reece, Geo. & Jane, 220. Reepe [Reope], Walt. de, 473. Reeves, Major, 195. Mary, 230. Will., 230, 233. Reform Bill, 1867, 485. Reindeer Moss, 40. Rendell (—), work at Devil’s Den, 524, Mat., 246. Rengeborne, Will., 91. Resolution, H.M.S., 487. Restrop (Purton), derivation, 350. House, illusts., 79. Reybridge (‘‘ Elrigge’”’), 408. Reynolds, Miss, gift, 99. Johanna & Susanna, 218. John, 218, 300. Sir Joshua, 86. Stephen, Bibliographi- cal List of Writings, 74— 78. Susan & Rob., 219. Reynoll, Rob., 222. Rhacomytrium, species, 40, 43, Rhamnus, Gall, 356. Rhizocarpon, species, 50. Rhodites, species, 357, 584 Rhys (Morbihan), mounds, 186. Ricardston (Winterbourne Bas- sett), derivation, 353. Owned by Baskervilles, 211. Riccia, species, 41, 46, 47. Rice, R. Garraway, gift, 216. Richards, Ann, 382, 33. Will., 32, Richardson, Capt. Arthur, 80. A. T., 221; gift, 330; port., 214 ; “Parish Church & Saxon Ch. of Bradford,” noticed, 318, 319. Mrs. E. M., gift, 99; “Story of Purton,” noticed, 79—81. Mrs. Herbert, Wiltshire Newspapers, Past & Pres- ent, Pt. III. Newspapers of S. Wilts, 53—69, 479— 501; Writings, 322, 326. M.S8., Bellat Purton in memory of, 79. Richardson-Cox, Major E., 164. Richborough, Rom. fibula, 276, Richmond, Bridget, 315. Joanna & Will., 227. Ridgeway, Fred. E., Bp. of Salis- bury, obit., 435, 436 ; port., 215. Jos., 435. Ridley (Ches.), 423. Rigaud, work by, 515. Ringesborne, see Rangebourne. Rings, bequests to buy, 259. Risca (Mon.), 196. Rison, Jabez, port., 214. Rivar (Shalbourne) Copse, 401, Down, dyke, 404. Galls, 356, 359. Lichens, 49, Mollusca, 1387, 188, 140 —148, 145, 147, 148. Rusts, 267, 268. Rivers, Lord, Cranbourne Chase Case, 209. , Road Manor, property, 248, 249, 250. Roads, ancient, see Hardway; Harrow Way (Shalbourne); Herepath. Roasting Jack, 216. Robbins, S8., 73. Will., 232. Roberts, Eleanor, 262. John (I. & I1.), 220, 222, 262. Nich., 250. Rich., 206, 260 — 262. Rob., 220. Will, 260. Robertson, Hon. J. W., writings, 88. Robin’s Pincushion Galls, 354, 357. Robins, Will., 247. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Robinson, F., writings, 326. Rochdale, 72. Roche, Fras., 235, Rochester Castle, illusts., 78. Rockley, Baskerville family, 211. Farm, 113; tithes, 111. Puffin caught, 182. Temple, Hospitaller property, 190. Rockmoor Pond (Buttermere), de- rivation, 343. Rodbourne,Chapel to Malmesbury, to be a parish with Corston, 5. Persons, see Gawen, 5. (Vic ); Pollen, Sir H. Rodway, Steph., murdered, 81. Roe, Edw. (I. & IL.) printers, 482, 494—499; owns “Salisbury Ad- vertiser,” 483. J. R., 499. Roebuck, D., on Mollusca, 189, 141, Roffa, Solomon de, 460. Roger, Bp., 97. Adrian, 12, 18. Rogers, Anth., 217, 224, 227. Edward, 248. Sir Francis, 220, 228, 224, 226. Geo., 238, Hen., 9. Capt. Hen. P., 302. Hugh, 220, 226. James, 217. John, 33, 217. Kate Josephine, obit., 302, 303. Ralfe, 223. Rich., 222. Rokle, Margery, 91. Rolle, E., 180. Rolles, Phil., silversmith, work, 85. Rollesson, Simon, 259. Rollestone [ Rowlston], 244. Rolt, Edw. Bayntun, 263. Roman, & Romano-British. Ani- mals’ bones, Cunetio, 151. Bone dice, Wanborough, 280 (fig.). Roman Bronze brooches, Aucissa, 279( jig.) ; La Tene I1I., 280 (fig.); split bow type, Wanborough, 275. Liddington, 391 ; Winterbourne Monkton, 395. Cup, see Rudge. Ligula, Wanborough, 279 (jig.). Nail cleaner, - Wanborough, 280. —»«- Objects, Cold Kitchen, 215. Pendant, Wanborough, 279 (jig.). Pin, long, Westwood, 171. Ring mail, Liddington, 391; Win- terbourne Monkton, 395. Scale armour, 391. Sheath for axe blade, Wanborough, 280. Roman coins, bunches corroded to- gether, 152. Called ‘‘Monks” at Bowood, 416. Carausius, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 585 rare type, Brinkworth, 390. Consular, Wanborough, 279. From barrow, 94, Places, where found Aldbourne, 273, 389; Bokerley, 154; Broad Hinton, 390; Cricklade, 390; Cunetio (list of, from well), 152: Haston Grey, 391 ; Fair Mile, 312 ; Lid- dington, 391: Mildenhall, 392 ; Pavenhill (Purton), 393 ; Peven- sey, 155; Russley, 394; Stanton St. Quintin, ON: Swindon, 394 ; Wanborough (list of), 273, 278, 279; Woodyates, 154. Roman Buildings, baths, lead pipes, Berrils Farm, Studley, 426; Upper Upham, 389. Hypocaust, Bishopstone, N. Wilts, 390. Villas, Bedwyn Brails, 312; Colerne, 172); Wraxall, N., 172. Roman Christian Objects? Gold ring with cross, Bedwyn, 312, 424 ; Lamp with cross, Tidworth, 424, Conquest of Wilts, 272. Finds in N. Wilts, by A. D. Passmore, 389— 395. Inscription, Wan- borough, 275. Inter- ments, burnt, Broad Hinton, 390. Tron objects, Brooch, penanuular, Stanton St.Quintin, 215, cleats, 152; Wanborough, 278 (fig.) ; Hipposandal, Wan- borough, use of, 277, 278 ( fig.) ; spud, Cunetio, 151, Pave- ments, Bishopstone, N. Wilts, 390 ; Stanton Fitzwarren, 894. Pit, rubbish, Westlecott, Swindon, 394. Plaster, painted, Bishopstone, N. Wilts, 390; Stanton St. Quintin, 215; Population on Downs, 383. Roman Pottery, Amphora, Strat. ford Sub Castle, 194; West- wood, 172. Black elazed & stamped, Continental, 156. Coarse ware, Cunetio, 159. Grey Ware, Cunetio, 158, 189 (fig.). Christian ‘symbol on Continental Pottery, 156; Cross ornament, Silchester & ‘Ashley Rails, 156; Cross & circle orna- ment, 156, Cover of vessel, Cunetio, 159. Crucible, Stanton St. Quintin, 215. Kilns, Savernake, 151, 425. Lamps, Purton, 393 ; with cross, Tidworth, 424. Marne Ware, Cunetio, 158 (/fig.) ; Pevensey, 155. New Forest Ware, Cunetio, 157, 158 (fig.), 159; Swindon, 394; Wan- borough, 277; Westwood, 172. Pot, Winterborne Monkton, 395. Red coated, Cunetio, 152, 153,; with white slip, 1538, 157, 158. Red_ rosette stamped, Ashley Rails, 153 ; Bokerly Dyke, 154; Colchester Museum, 155; Cunetio, 157, 158 ; Mildenhall, 153 ; Pevensey, 155 ; Silchester, 153 ; Swindon, 394; Wanborough, 277; West- wood, 172; Woodyates, 154; Date of, 155; Derived from Samian, 156 ; Localities on Con- tinent, 155, 156. Roulette ornament, Cunetio, 157, 158 (figs.). Samian, Aldbourne, 389; Cunetio, 159; Mildenhall (stamps), 393; Russley, 394; Wanborough (stamps), 276, 277 ; Westwood (Hofheim type), 172 ; Tiles, Cunetio, 151; Oaksey Common, 424; inscribed, Stud- ley, 426. Upchurch Ware, Cunetio, 159; Westwood, 171. Vase, Stanton Fitzwarren, 394. Roman Roads, 272; of Wilts, O. G. S. Crawford reads on, 166. Chute to Marden, 312. Cunetio to Spinze, superseded by Bath Road, Groveley, 297. Marten to Scots Poor, 284. Milden- hall, 392. Stratton St. Margaret’s, 394. Tidcombe to Test Valley, 281. Wan- borough, Ermine Street, Cus- toms Gap, 275. See also Chute Causeway ; Old Sarum. Roman Settlements, see Aldbourne; Stockton; Upham; Wanborough. Shale objects, bead, Wan- borough, 280 (fig.); Kim coal money, Ramsbury, 393 ; Spindle Whorl, Stanton, 215. Silver ring, Cunetio, 151. Site at Westwood, by W. G. Collins, 171-172. Stone coffin, Westwood, 171. Wan- borough, by A. D. Passmore, 586 INDEX: TO VOL. XLI. 272—280 (jigs.). Well, Cunetio, excavated,by J. W. Brooke, & Mrs. Cunnington, 151—159:; see also All Can- nings. White metal spoon, Cunetio, 151. Rome, Coll. of Propaganda, Boy Bishop, 310. English College, 465. Romney, Geo., works, 86. Rood Ashton, 237. Roper & Co., 496. Rose, Galls, 354, 357. Rusts, 266. Rose, John, of Amesbury, 514; plasterer’s work at Bowood, 99. Rosebay, Rust, 265, 266. Rotteridge (Melksham), derivation, 349, Round Copse, dyke, 403. Round House, see Cerney Wick. Roundell, wooden, fruit trencher at Wilcot Ch., 179, 180. Roundway, “‘Abdy’s Cottage,” or “The Vicarage,” 313. Bought by Mr. Colston, 318. Dell, The, 313. Derivation, 313. Church & Rector, tradition of, 318; Church Furlong, 313 ; Church, foundations of? 3138. Folly, 318. House of Nicholas family, built, 313, 315. Mollusca, 148. ““ New Park,” 313. Notes on, by E. Coward, noticed, 313. Parsonage Field, 313. Play Close, 313. Held by Suttons, Kstcourts, and Mr. Willey, 313. Rous, Le [Ruffus], family, hold Imber; John & Will., 212. Row, John de, 474. Rowas’s Close, 238. Rowborough (Edington), deriva- tion, 346. Roborowe Reg., & Roborow Epi., 242. Rowde & Bromham, Liberty of, 242. Manor held by Q. Cath. Parr, 315, Persons, see Laver, Edw. & James. Wick Farm, derivation, 350. Rowdeford Ho., built, 204. Rowden (Chippenham & Malmes- bury), derivation, 344, 349. Rowditch (Sutton Mandeville), derivation, 351. Rowe, Thos., 249, 250. Rowley Copse (Westwood), deriva- tion, 352. Salisbury, 200. Rownor (Hants), 91. Royal Coll. of Surgeons Museum, 438, 484. Royal W. of England Academy, 306. Rudge (Froxfield), Rom. Bronze Cup, inscription, 426; amended reading, 87. Manor, 266 ; Mosses, 44. Rudloe (Box), derivation, 341. Ruffus, see Rous. Rumseys Pleck, Bowood, 419. Rural Dean’s Book, 1812, 129. Office revived, 129. Orders for repair of Churches, 129. Ruscomb, prebend, 465. Rushall, Hospitallers’ property, 189. Russell, Mrs., 17. Geo., 4 ‘John, 16,18. Ld. John, 480. Will., 230. Russley Park, 390. Roman pottery, 394. Rust Fungi, East Wiltshire, by C. P. Hurst, 264—271, Life History of, cause of loss to farmers, &c., 264. Rutty, Adam, 257, 258. Ann, Poe John, 124. Ryde, 435. Rye, Walt., 452. Ryevers Wood, Bull’s Coppice, Wansdyke, 401. Ryngebourne [Ringesborne; Ryn- geresburn], Edith; John de; Rich. ; Will., 91. See also Range- bourne. Sach & Co., gift., 330. Sachfield, John, 246. Saddler [Sadler], John, 471. Rob: 2471: Se Csi oss 253, 471. | Sadler's Farm, Wansdyke, 401. Sage, Will., 243. Sainsbury, H., 170. 58., port, 214. St. Cross Hospital (Hants), 461. St. John of Basing, Lady Honora, 220, 226. John, Earl of Wilts, Marq. of Winchester, ownes Bul- ford Manor, 220, 221. St. John of Jerusalem, Order of. see Hospitallers. St. Maur, Ld. Ed., port., 215. St. Omer (France), staple of cloth merchants, 204. eee Bp., exchanges Ramsbury, 16 “* Advertiser and Monthly Miscellany,” 1854, INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 587 482, 483, 489, 498; Hist. of, 494, 495 ; gratis war suppt., 497. ** And Wiltshire Herald,” hist. of, 489, 492. Arcade, 494. Bankers, 61, 62. “ Bible and Crown,” site of, 54, 58, 59. ‘** Bishop’s Boy,” duties of, 310. Bishop’s Palace, date of. 309; Beauchamp Tower, muni- ment room, 97. British School, opened and closed, 488, 489, Bull Ring, at Museum, 90. Burrows’ Guide to, noticed, 208. Salisbury Cathedral, altars against choir screen, &c., 82. Arts. on noticed, 97, 201. “ Boy Bishop at S. and elsewhere,” by J. M. J. Fletcher, noticed, 309, 310 ; effigy, 309, 310; list of names of, 310. Britton’s “Sal. Cath, 99: Chancellor owns advowson of Westbury, 121. Choir screen, Sir W. H. St. J. Hope on, noticed, 82—84; re- moved by Wyatt, remains of, 82. Choristers, Warden of, 114. Commemmoration of 700th anniversary, 1920, 98, 200, 201. Cross in churchyard, 121. Dean & Chapter, own patronage, 107—109; property, 20, 23, 25, 31 ; Bowood tithes, 508; Rectories of Cannings Canonicorum, 107; Chitterne, 19; Imber, 25; Mere, 105 ; Preshute, 113 ; Sutton Ben- ger, 11; Warminster, 117; Tithes of forests, 126, 127; various tithes, 124—128. Foun- dation of, art., noticed, 210; stones laid, 319. Hunger- ford Chapel owned Imber Manor, 212. Illusts., 89, 208, 442. Library, art. on, noticed, 210. Muniment House, 127. North Porch, Dean’s muniments, 97. ‘“ Notes on the Cathedral,” 1920, noticed, 210. Plan before Wyatt's alterations, illust., 82. Pre- bends, 28, 32. - Pulpitum, use of, 84. Rent paid at Font stone, 125. Re-pewed, 443. Rood loft, altar in, 82. “Tombs of Bishop Rob. Bingham and _ Bp. Will. of York,” by Sir W. VOL. XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. H.St. John Hope, 178, 179. Treasurer holds Calne & Figheldene Rectories, 14. Treasury, Upper, chest in, 97. Vicars Choral, payments from Chute & Ogbourne, 38, 112. View of, from aeroplane, 201. Warden of Choristers owns advowson of Preshute, 115. Salisbury, Catherine Street, 490. City, Plan of, 1716, illust., 82, Clock ‘Tower, illust., 208. Close, High St. & St. Ann’s Gates, illusts., 208. Comma Butterfly, 431. Corporation Plate, salver given, 428. Court Temperance Hotel, 486. ‘“‘ Ditch ”=New Canal, 59. Diocesan Gazette, 68; Registry, 97; Guild of Ringers, 437. Karly history, lectures by F. Stevens, noticed, 97. Educational controversy, 1889, 487,488. Elections, 1841, 491, 492; 1852, 480, 493; 1880, 482, “Examiner & Monthly Miscellany,’ 1854, 496. ‘“‘Hxaminer &S. Western Gazette,” 479; Hist of, 483—485. Exeter St. gateway building, 97. Exhibition, 99. ° Fes- tival Book of,’ 68. Fire bell, 90. Fisherton Congre- gational Ch., illust., 208 ; Floods, 1894, 488; Highfield Pits, Late Celtic, 97; Waterworks, 97. Hospitallers’ property, 190. Infirmary, 428. * Journal ” (“ & Winchester Journal ”), 479, 491, 498—501; change of title, 1772, 62; first issue described, 53, 54; Hist. of, 53—69; Political influence, 65. King’s Ho., illust., 442. Liberal Press, rise of, 479—484 ; Magna Charta, copy of, 97, 98. Meeting House, 99. Minster Street, 493. Mitre & Crown Inn, 59. Museum (Blackmore & 8. Wilts), 309, 424; Edwards Library removed to Public Lib., 213, 446; Lectures by F. Stevens, 446; objects in, 180, 367, 368—370, 371, 372, 374, 431; portraits transferred to Council Chamber, 213 ; Reports, annual, noticed, 89, 90, 98, 213, a x 588 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 446; Wilkes China, 446. Oatmeal Row, 493. ** Official Guide to,” 1920, noticed, 208. Persons, see Allhusen, Hen., M.P.; Baker, F. E.; Bennett family ; Benson family ; Bernard, Canon E. R.; Brodie family ; Brown, G.; Fox, Charles; Fox, Sir Steph. ; Fulford, G.; Lambert, John (Mayor); Lawes, E. T. H. (Recorder); Long, Anth.; Pal- mer, Sir Walt.; Mountford, John; Rogers, Adrian; Smith, Thos. ; Tatum family; Waters, Edw. (Mayor); Will, N.J.; Wyndham, Wadham, M.P. Peace cele- bration, 1856, 494, Pillory in Museum, 90. Politics in 19th Cent., 483, 499. ** Post= man” (newspaper), 53, 59. Poultry Cross, 58,59, 491 ; illusts., 208, 442. Printers, see Abel, W. J.; Barton, Hen.; Brodie, W. B.; Clapperton, Kenneth; Clark, J. W.; Collins, W.; Coombs, A. W.; Coupland, John; Cox, T. T.; Easton, Ed. ; Farrant, ’ G. H. S. & Rob.; Gilmour, F.; Halpin, W. H.; Hearn, John; Highman, F. ; Hooton, Ch. ; Lee, F. H.; Moody, Ch.; Pollard, Jos.; Roe, Edw.; Sherwin, H.; Simonds, Mitchell; Wells. W. Printing by steam in- troduced, 493. Public Library, 90; MS. at, 407. Quarter Sessions, 447. Railway time table, 1859, 490. St. Mark’s Ch., 194. St, Thomas’ Ch., Eyre Chantry & Hatchments, 213; illust., 208. Salvation Army Hall, 498. Sanitary reform, 1852, 480, 481. South Canonry, 307. “Standard & GeneralAdvertiser,” 496. “Standard & Wilts Advertiser,” 496—498. “Times,” 495—498, 499, 501; ‘ Times & S. Wilts Gazette,” hist. of, 485—490; ‘Times & Wiltshire Miscellany,” hist. of, 479, 482—484, 488, 495. Victoria Park, 72. Volun- teers, 1830, 65. Wilts Arch, Soe. visited, 160. Wyndham Ho. & Park sold, art. on, noticed, 314; derivation, 314, Salisbury, Bishop of, 201. Muniments, where kept, 97. Patronage, 4. See Bingham, Rob. ; Ghent, Simon of; Mortival, Roger; Wilton, Will. of ; York, Will. of. Salisbury, Deans of, see Bailey, Rich. ; Bowle, John ;_ Brad- bridge, W. ; Burn, A. E. ; Long- land, John; Pace, Rich. Visitor of Gt. Bedwyn, 129. Salisbury Diocese, parishes trans- ferred to Gloucester & Bristol, 458. Salisbury Plain, 200. Dead Drummer apparition, 199. Military Camps, 436, Salisbury, R., 248. Salix, species, 95. 354, 362364. Salmon, E. S., 42. Salthrop (Wroughton) Manor, 451, 457; exchanged for Costow, 460 ; Pew in Wroughton Ch., 136. Sambourne (Warminster) deriva- tion, 352. Sandbourne Bridge, identified, 407, 408. : Sandes, Thos., 259. Sandford (Oxon), Roman Kilns & Pottery, 153. Sandy Lane, 433. George Inn, 213; = Horselepride gate, 413. Sanicula, Rusts, 267. Sansheier [Shanshue], Steph., 218. Sansome’s Farm (Whiteparish), derivation, 352. Sapfild, John, 245, Sarsen Stones, broken up, 482. Derived from Saracen ? 163. Indestructible, 94. Places where: Amesbury, 435; Bul- ford River, floated down Avon, 97; “Templars Kath,” Temple, 330. Sarum Almanack, 68. Arch- deacon of, 35. Galls on, Rust, 269, “Sarum Consuetudinary and its relation to the Cath. of Old Sarum,” noticed, 81, 82, 83. ‘“‘ Customary,” date of, 83. ** Use of,” art. on, noticed, 21. Sarum, Old = Sorbiodunum, 406. ‘“ And Stonehenge,” by F. Stevens, noticed, Lectures and Guide, 97, 208, 216. Boy INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 589 Bishop, 310, Cathedral, arts. on, noticed, 210; Bells in cen- tral tower, 82; Chapter Ho., excavated, 82 ; Choir, plan, illust., 84; Saxon & Norman Churches, 82; MS. Plan by W. 299, 800. Lichens, Mosses, & Hepatics, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48—51. Lodge, 364; Mollusca, 142, 148; Mosses & Lichens, 48—45, 49. Roman Road, 398. London Ride, Lichens, 51; H. St. John Hope, 450; Main Rusts, 271. Ludens [Luton] door in 8S. Transept, 82; Re- Lye, 290. Maps, MS., 300, moved to New Sarum, 201 ; Site 301. Mollusca, 1387—142, of altars, 82. Ditch, outside, 145, 148, 149. Moorland made by Alfred, 97. Illusts., Flora, 40. - Perambulations, 442. Pottery, medizval, 89. 1259, 1300, 284, 288, 289. Rogation procession route, Postern Hill, 290. Puthall 82. Rom. Roads, 297, 300, Gate, St. Margaret at the Putte, 406. Visited, 160. 295, 296. Red Vein Bottom, “Sarum,” writings by, 89. 295. Rhododendron Drive, Satridge, (?) Thos., 234. Mollusca, 141, 142 ; . Mosses, Saunders, Dorothy, 423, 502, 508. Hepatics, Lichens, 40, 42, 44, 48, Eleanor, d. of Sam., 439. 50, 51. Roman pottery & John, diary, 212. Thos., H., kilns, ? 425 ; road, 272. 238. Thos. B., 238, 239. Rusts, 266, 268, 269, 2771. Thos., S., 238. St. Katherine’s Church, 145; Sauney, Will., 232, Vicarage, 356. Savages Savernake Forest, 126, 269. Heath, 290. ** Stretegate,” Amity Oak, 290. Apshill 284. Thornhill Pond, mound Copse, derivation, 3850. of burnt material, 289 ; Wans- Aviary, 398. Bagden Lodge, dyke, 398. Tithes paid to derivation, 290. Bedwyn Dean & Chapter of Sarum, 127. Gate, 291. Bellingate, 291. Valley bottom, open glades, - Belmore Copse, 398. 294. Voronzoff gate, 295. Wallesmere, 289. Wansdyke, Birch Copse, 398 ; Mollusca, 140 ; Mosses, 42. Braydon Brook, course of, 396—898. Westrigge Rom. Brit. Pottery, 289. Bray- bailiwick, 284. Whalemore, don Hole, 289. Brimslade derivation, 289. Wild Boar, | Park enclosed, 299. Cobham 201. - Witches’ Brooms, 360, Frith Wood,Galls, 360 ; Hepatics 361,362. | Woolslade[ Wolslot, & Mosses, 41, 47. Column Ouselett ], 290. W oronzoff Lodge, Mosses, 45. ‘‘Savernake in the Vale, supple- mentary notes” by W. M. Adams, noticed, 311, 312. j Savernake, North & South,Anglo- Saxon bounds, 281. Saxon burial in barrow, Lake, 426. Say, Will., 222. Sayntlooe, E., 217. Scapania, species, 48. Ride, 425; Hepatics, Lichens, Mosses, 42, 45, 46, 47, 51; Rom. Brit. Settlement, 151, 288, 289. Crabtree Common, 290. ~ Duke’s Vaunt Oak, age & deri- vation of name, 290, 291 ; Hepa- tics, 48. Durley Estate Office, 300, Eight Walks, gibbet with rams horns, meeting place of Hundred, ? 290; Hepa- tics, Lichens, Mosses, 45, 47, 50. Schomberg, Arthur, arts. by, Emety Oak, 290. Fair- noticed, 312, 313; gifts, 98, 216, bough Bottom, 289. For- 330 ; writings, 199, 200. mation of, 282. Galls, 354, Isaac, his will. 199. 356, 362. Grand Avenue, Scoparia ulmella, 317. illust., 442; Lichens & Mosses, Scoriar, John, 469. 42, 45, 50, 51; Mollusca, 138, Scotch Firs, Rusts, 268, 139,141. Great Lodge Bottom, Scotefeld, Lay Subsidy Roll, 242, Wansdyke, 398. “ Twode,” Scots Poor, 405. Inn, 285. derivation, 288 ; Park enclosed, Rom. Koad, 284. Wansdyke Pee fe 590 INDEX TO VOL. XL. 402—405. | Waterworn pebbles, near, 427. Scott, Sir G. G., screen at Salis- bury, 82. John, 444, Rich., 1, 10. Will., 176, 177. Scratchbury Camp, objects from Barrows, at Hatch Ho., 193—194. ‘“Scribbling Horse,” Inn, deriva- tion, 204, Scrophularia Hurslii, 186. ““ Scyldestrowe,” Berwick St. J ohn, sacred tree, 180. Seager, alias ‘Parsons, Rob., lands at Bowood, 414. Seagry, Persons, see Bridges, Edw. (Vic.). Property, 305. Vicarage, value, 1650, 5. Sedge, Rust, 269. Seend, 123, 216. Church, mon. inscrips., printed, 199, 216; visited, 201. Head, 245. House, armour, Big Game Heads & Gardens, 170. Paradise family, wills of, 312, 313, Persons, see May, Grace. Property, 246, 247. Row, 315. Summerham, derivation, 850. Selborne (Hants), 307. Selbies (Bowood), 419. Selby, Geo., 418. Selfe, Edw., 257. _ Joan, 222. John (I. & IL), 230, 231, 232. Will., 262. ; Seliman, Rob., ATA, Selkley Hundred, Ch. ne 1649, 111. Sell, C. H., 69. Selman, Dan., 177. James, 176, 177. Jacob, obit., 196. Selves Farm (Melksham), deriva- tion, 349. Selwood Forest, 318. Semington, 200, 236, Amber- leaze, derivation, 350. Derivation, 339. Persons, see Farmer, J.; Somner, Edw. Senecio squalidus, 91, 182, Jacobea, 182. Serampore Missionaries, 210. Serchfeild, John, 256. Sermons, ‘‘ Read in the Pulpit,” 1650,3. Sertain, Will., 232. Severnstoke, 438. Sevington, Isaac, 89. Seward, Rich., 243. Seymour, Edw., Duke of Somerset, owns Ramsbury, 316. Kdw., Earl of Hertford, “ Household BA 20 Q. Jane, 131 ; port., 442. Sir John, “coffin & monument, at Gt. Bedwyn, 131. | Ld., 114. Sicily Clump, Wansdyke, 399. Shaa, Mr., 223, 225. Shadwell, Will., 508. Shaftesbury, 318, 444. Abbey, held Prebendal Manor, Bradford, 218, (80, Shaftesbury, Earl of. owns Purton, Shakespeare items in Huth Library, 203. Shalbourne, 258, 281, 294. Bagshot, galls, 361. Boun- dary, 295. Brook, 401. Chapel of St. Nicholas, site of, 312. Down, dykes, 402— 404, Galls, 354, 359, 363. Harrow way, 284. Heath, Dyke, 400. Lichens & Mosses, 41, 48—45, 49, 50. Mollusca, 139, 140, 142, 146, 148, 149. Newtown, Galls, 359 ; Rusts, 268. Rectory held by St. George’s, Windsor, 36 ; Sur- vey & value, 1650, 36—38. Wansdyke, course of, 401. Shaw (Lydiard Millicent), deriva- ation, 348. Shaw Bottom (Collingbourne),405. Shawdown Copse, Wansdyke, 405. Shaw House, 195. Shearwood (Redlynch), derivation, 300. Sheepless Hill (Buttermere), de- rivation, 348. Shells, see Mollusca. Shelburne, Ear] of, 433 ; Statement as to income and expenditure, 516 ; Buys Bowood, 418, 505. Charles, Earl of, 509. Hen., Karl of, buys Loakes Ho., High Wycombe, 569. John, Earl of, builds Bowood Ho., 506, 509 —D511. Sophia, Countess of, diary, 505, 512, 513, 515, 517— «+519. Will., Earl of, 505, 512. ‘“Shepherd, a Wiltshire,” art, noticed, 322. Shepherds’ Shore, 212. Deri- vation, 96, 97. Flint imple- ments found near, 98,167. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 591 Rainfall, Ap. 9, 1920, 181. Triple barrow, 184. Wans- ‘dyke, excavated, 406 ; visited 162. Water works, geology of, PAO Sheppard, Gab. & Sam., 282. Hen., 257. Phil., 247. T., on stone implements, 365, 369, 372, 376. Shepstone, Harold, art on Stone- henge, noticed, 311. H. J., 202. Shepton Mallet, (Som.), 200. Sherborne, 57. Prebend, 462. See joined to Ramsbury, 316. Shere (Surrey), 266. Sherer, Mr., 135. Shereston, Will., 245. Sheriff’s Roll, Somerset, M.S., 252. Sherrington, Castle of Giffards, site of, 387. Church, bench ends, dedication, visited, 387. Sherston Magna, Persons, see Bukke, Rich. ; Cresswell, _C.R. E.; Hayer, Thos. ; Hayes, Hen. (Vic.); Hill, G. H. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 10, 11. Trinity Fair, resumed, 198. Vicarage, value, 1650, 3. Sherwin, H., 482, 483. Shewell, Alice 8., & Col. G. M., 71. Shift, woman married in, 482. Shilfeacre, field, 241. Shillingford (Berks), 200. Shipley (Yorks.), 138. Shipman, Hannah, 446. Shortengrove (Groveley), deriva- tion, 347. Showell Farm, Lacock, 348. Shrapnell, John, 234, Zach., 236, 237. Shrewton, 367. Shulton, John, de, 473. Shute, Will, 1, 10. Shuter, Hen., 126. Shyrewode, Rob. de, 313. Sicily Clump, Wansdyke, 399. Sidbury Camp, 406. Dykes, 402, Hill, water worn flint pebbles, 427. Sidney, Sir Phil., 219, 241. Silbey, [Silby, Selby], Anne, 230. Jacob, 222, 230, James, 230, 231. John, 230—232. Silbury Hill, central burial unfound? 164. Compared with Irish mounds, A. D. Passmore on, 185, 186. Flint flakes, 309. Illust., 442. Interment not necessarily central, 185. Method of fixing the centre, 185. Norman Motte ? 164. Visited 164. Silchester, Rom. pottery, 153, 156, 158. Silver Plate, belonging to Ld. Methuen, arts on, noticed,84—86. Salver given to Salisbury, 428, Silver, Marg. S., 438. Simpkins, Ann; Ch. (I. to III.); Dorothy, 205. Simonds, Geo., owns “Salisbury Herald,” 492. Simonds, Mitchell, printer, 492. Simons, Lea., 245. Sinai, stone mining tools, 375. Sinecure Kectories, abolished, 455. Siskin, 95, 317. Skinner, Thos., 222. Skryne, Thos., 254. Slade, Chr., 19. Edw., 19, 96. Sir F., 480, 493. Jourdane, 19. J. J., 479, 500; gifts, 99, 167, 216, 330, 449. Slaes, widow, 117. Slaughtecford, Paradisefamily,313. To beunited to Biddestone, 1650, 3. Vicarage, value 1650, 3. “ Slaymaker,” 235. Shabh-na-Cailligh, (Ireland), mound, 185. Sloper, Geo., diary, 207. Will., 428. Slugs, see Mollusca. Sly, Rich., 177. Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly, 186. Smallbrook, (Warminster), deriva- tion, 352. Smart, Eliz., d. of Hen., 443. F., port., 214. Smith, Miss, on Lichens, 50. Mr., 59, 434, Fras., 221, 229, 230, 233. James, 282. John, 221, 224, 226, 232; Dr. John, invents solar theory of Stonehenge, 385, 445. Reg. A., 891, 424; gift, 526; Notes, 172, 320, 3°75. JOS., 236, 237. Mat., (I. & II.), 230—233, Rich., 62. Rob., 260. 592 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. " Thos., 58, 244, 258, Smith-Barry, J. H., 89. Smith-Bingham, O., 179. Smith-Pearce, ‘I. N. H., writings, 100. Smithfeild, Rosewell, 260. Smy ? Geo., 244. Smythe, Edw.; John ; Thos.; 244, 245. Snap, (Aldbourne), 389. Snepp, M. E., obit., 308. Snow, Will., plasterer, 514. Snowe, Will., 124 ; Dean of Bristol, 918, 242. Soane Museum, Adam drawings & plans for Bowood, 512, 513, 515, 518. Society for Protection of Ancient Buildings, Report on repairs of old cottages, noticed, 90, 91. Solomon, F. O., 89. Somerford, Great, Passage from N. aisle to chancel, use of, 163, 202. Persons, see Kynnaston, S. (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 6 Startley, derivation, 351. Somerford, Little, Persons, see Palmer, John. Rectory, value, 1650, 8. Somerset Arch. Soc., Bath Branch, visits Wilts, 201. Gift, 98. Somerset, Duke of, 291. Frances, Duchess of, coffin, 131. Will, (I. & II.), Dukes of, coffins, Gt. Bedwyn, 131. Somerset, Earl of, holds tithes in Bedwyn, 38. Somes, Ben., 37. Somner, Edw., 13. Thos., 257, 258. Sonchus, Galls, 355, 359. Soper, (—) 179. Sopworth, Persons, see Waterman, J., (Rect.) Rectory, value, 1650, 3. Sorbiodunum.=Old Sarum, 406. Sorrel, Rust, 268. Sotwell, Bridget & Will., 33. _ Rich., 32. Rob., 32, 33. Soul, John, 435, “Sounding with a pick,” to find ditches, &c., 386. SouthKensington Museum, objects, 180. ‘€ South Wilts Express,” hist. of, 497, 498; 489, 495, 496. South, (—.), 250. Ch., 18. Mary, 257. Edw., 17, 18. Mary, 18. Thos., 18, 249—251. Southampton, 59. St. Mary’s Ch., 468. Southampton, Ld., 428, Southbroom, 206. Owned by Rob. Drewe, 91. Persons, see Barnwell, C. E. B. (Vic.); Gascoigne, Kathleen. Southby, R., 428. **Southcote, Geo.,” see Aston, Major-Gen. Sir Geo. Southstoke (Som.), 260. Southwick, Persons, see Long, Hen. White Row Bridge, deriva- tion, 35]. Sow Thistle, Rust, 268. Spain, ancient copper mines, 374. Spalato (Dalmatia), Palace of Diocletian, 519. Sparks, Mr., 69. James, 232. Speed, John, “ Theatre of Gt. Britain,” 99. Spencer, John, 192. Rich., Bowood granted to, 412, 423. Spender, Will., 231, 232. Sphenolobus, species, 40, 48. Sphyredium, species, 142. Spicer, John, 463. Spine, 272, 273. Rom.:Road, 296, 394. Spinke, Thos. (I. to III.), 247. ‘ Spircea, Galls, 356 ; Rusts, 265, 266. Sp (Bremhill), derivation, 342, Spray Copse, Wansdyke, 402. Spurge, Rusts, 268, 269. Spurs, gilded, 17th cent., Nether- street, 329. Spye Park, 263. Deer from Bowood driven to, 421. Squacco Heron, 213. Squibb, John, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 29, 32, 33, 107, 109, 110, 115, 118, 122, 128. Squier [Squire], Peter & Rich., 248. Stables, Anne, 226. Stachys, Rust, 268. Stacy, Hen., 260. Stafford, Prebend., 465. Stallard, A. G. & Geo., 311. Stanchester (Wilcot), 186, 187. Stancomb, John F., obit., 195. Standen Manor, Hepatics, Mosses, 44, 50. Standlynch, Avon River, illust., 442. Derivation, 339, INDEX TO VOL, XLI. 593 Witherington Down, derivation, 351, Stanford (N. Newington), 339, 340. Stanhope, Phil., 2nd Ear] of, copy of Magna Charta, 97, 98. Stanley (Bremhill) Abbey, property at Wroughton, 474. Bridge, 407, 408. Derivation, 342. Stanley, Mr., 135. Stanmore( Berks, & Clyffe Pypard), derivation, 345. Stanton Fitzherbert, 470. Stanton Fitzwarren, Rom. pave- ments, pottery, Wc., 394. Stanton St. Quintin. Persons, see Hodges, John (Rector). Rectory, value, 1650,8. Upper & Lower, 305. Rom. villa, coins, crucible, d&ec., 215. Staples, Mr., 113. Starky [Starkey], Mrs., 329. Joan, 245. Startley(Gt.Somerford), derivation, 351. Starveall Farm (Bishopstone, N. Wilts), 390. Statham, H., writings, 97. Stavordale Priory, tiles from at Woodlands, 384. Stawel, Sir John at Avebury, 441. Stead, Hen., 260. Steeple Ashton, 200, 244, 253, 304. Church, aisles N. & S. built, 169 ; glass, character & date of, 169. _ Manor, granary, 170. Lock Up, & Market Cross, illust. 84, Persons, see Bayly, Chr. ; Bennett, Thos.; Impey, E.; Knubley, E. P. Property, _ 246, 248, 249, “‘ Record of the parish in the Gt. War” noticed, 84. See also Hinton, Great. Steeple Langford Church, Incised figure, 310. Stennard, Jos. & Will., 282. Stephens, Mary & Thos., 36. Stephenson, Mill, 190. Stert, 313. Stevens, Anna M., 237. David, 59, Frank, 501; gifts, 216, 449; notes, 4381, 434; Finds Glossy Flints, 183; Lectures at Salisbury Museum, 89, 90, 97, 213, 446; on Hist. of Cath., 97, 201 ; on Stonehenge, 93 ; works, 68. John, 9, 240. Thos., 240, 244. Will, 237, 444. Will. H., 240. Stevenson, Eliz., 256. Will. H., 473 ; notes, 282, 285, 287, 293, 297, 298, 300. Steward, Canon, E., acts as guide, 386 ; note, 431. James, 438. Archdeacon Ravenscroft, obit., 438. Stickinges, field, 241, Stigmatidium, species, 51, Stileman, Susan, 24. Stillwell, Sarah, 471. Stirling, Sir James, 42. Stisted, Will., 113, 115, 119, 120. Stitchcombe (Mildenhall), 151. Hyde family, 134. Stock [Stokke] (Bedwyn, tithe, 38. (Calne) Tything, 15. Stokden, John & Marg., 219. Stocker, John, 2438. Stockleigh Tything (Calne), 15. Stockport, 74. Stockton, 72, 313. Almshouses endowed, 387. Church, screen, wooden tracery, 387, 388. Hospitallers’ property, 190. House, 302 ; drawing room, 387 ; purchased by Col. Skeffing- ton Smyth, 387 ; restored by Gen. Yeatman Biggs, 387: visited, 387. ) Long Hall, 387. Works, excavated, Rom. Brit. objects, 213) Phe een (Chippenham Forest), Sisenl (N. Newington), 231. Derivation, 339. Stoke in Bradford Manor, 218. Stokes [Stoakes], alias Bailey, Ch.; Jane; Will; 228. Rich., 222, 228, 230. Thos. , 232. Widow, 222. Stokebruerl, 461. Stokke, Sir ‘Adam de, effigy at Gt. Bedwyn, 131; work of, 130. Sir Rog. de, inscription, 131. Stone Ashton, 245. Stone circles, oriented, 385. Stone Implements. Adze Head, perforated, Holderness, 365 ; Adze-shaped Celt, perforated, Broad Chalke, 369. Arrow heads, Flint, Hatch House, 193; Leaf-shaped, Westwood, 98; Long barbs, Conkwell, 98. Axes, grooved for withy handle, 373—377; for mining, 374 ; of N. 594 American type, West Kennett. 373—377, fig. ; of Sarsen, 373. Axe- Hammers, Amesbury, 191, 320; Macclesfield, 376 ; origin of earliest type, 320. Celts, Adze-shaped perforated, 368 ; Bridlington type, Mildenhall, 369; Flat thin, Brittany type, 371; of Greenstone in Wilts, 368, 369 ; Greenstone with handle, Keystone (Hunts), 376 ; of Jade-like stonehighly polished, 371; of Quartz, polished, 371 ; with depressions worked on the face, 367, 368 ; with hole drilled through butt end, 370. Daggers (Flint), lLockeridge, Durrington, &c., of Bronze Age, 188. Kolith, Ashmore, 427. Flints of Windmill Hill, Avebury, & Grimes Graves, Neo- lithic, 87, 202, 203. Flints, Neolithic, Shepherd’s Shore, 167 ; Westwood, 330. Hammer- stones, flint, 215; Perforated, Blackmore Museum, 367; Brid- lington, 367 ; Groveley, 365, figd. ; Ireland, 367 ; Liddington, 366; Manningford, 367; Og- bourne, 366 ; Wernham, 367. Windmill Hill, 366, fig. ; Winter- bourne Basset, 365; Hammer- stone, naturally perforated, 372. Hammerstones, partly per- forated, 365, 366. Imple- ments of uncommon type found in Wiltshire, by E. H. Goddard, 365—377, jigs. Mining tools of N. American type, Alderley Edge (Ches.), &c., 374—376 ;in Museum of Royal Coll. of Surgeons, 433 ; Method of use in mines, 375. Mullers used to make Saddle (uerns, 382; with finger holds, Milden- hall, 372, fig. Paleolithic flints, Knowle, 329, 427. Perforated stones used as bolas, ? 367, Mould, Worms Head, 327. Scrapers, &c., found on Roman sites, 172. Stone, Brig.-Gen. 7, G., writings, 328. Charles, 263. E. H., acts as euide, 170; gifts, 330, 450 ; on astronomical theory of Stonehenge, 445; gifts, 450; writings, 100, 209. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Stoneaston (Som.), 247. Stonehenge, articles on, noticed, 216. Astronomical theory of the date, Letters by E. H. Stone & G. H. Engleheart, no- ticed, 445. discovered, 93, 160, 161, 168, 202, 311, 380, 385; cremated re- mains in, 161,311; Blue stones, originally stood in? 161, 385. Aubrey’s map, 93, 160. Avenue & Cursus, 309; Continuation traced, 434; once lined with stones, 426; worked flints on line of, 435. Blue stones, chips of, 161; found in barrows, 173; Lintel, part of Trilithon, 161; not drift boul- ders, 162; originally stood in “Aubrey Holes,” 161, 385; Provenance of, W. Cunnington on, 173; set up after Sarsens, 161. Bronze Age date, 163, 445 ; Pottery, 161. Built by Belge in late Celtic times, 94. Cooksey, C. F., Theory, noticed, 446. Catalogue of useful works on é& Notes, no- ticed, 450. Deer Horn picks, 161. Ditch excavated, 380, Excavations, 1919— 1921, 160, 168, 318, 384. Flint dagger from Barrow, 188. Friar’sHeel Stone, not originally visible from Altar, 385. Hurdcott Greensand used, 95. Lllusts., 208, 442. Tmposts, lifted and replaced, illusts., 98, 95, 160. Lock- year’s theory discussed, 385, 386, 445, Midsummer sunrise, no tradition as to, 385, 445. Modernity of, by A. H. Allcroft, noticed, 93, 94. Owned by Mr. Hayward & Duke of Queens- berry, 426. Preservation, work of concreting and securing the stones, 98, 160;. Arts. on & illusts., noticed, 92, "93, 95, 202: 208, 311, 380, 445. Rabbits 426. Roman and modern coins, 161. Sarsens floated up Avon, 97. Sepulchral Monument, 445. Slaughter Stone, 93; excavated, hole in which it stood, 160, 161; once upright, blocked Friars Heel, 385, Aubrey Holes, INDEX. TO) VOle Xi. 595 _ 445. Solar Theory, origin of, Rev. G. H. Engleheart, on, 385, 445. Tenons on uprights worked after erection, 160, Visited, 1920, 160. Stony Lyttleton, Manor, 242. Stote, A. W., Calendars Deeds, 379; on the Society’s MSS., abstracts of CourtRolls and other documents relating to Bradford & Westwood, 217 —241; Abstracts of Horton Deeds, 242-263. Stotfield (Groveley),derivation,347. Stourt Hill (Berwick St. James), derivation, 341. Stourhead Collection, 172. Stourton, Bristol Cross, visited, 384, Mollusca, 140. Tower built to mark Alfred’s Camp, 317. Stowell, West, 186. Strabane (Tyrone), 515. Stradling, Jane & Lamorocke, 259. John, 464. Strangridge, N ich., 315. Stratford-sub- Castle, Amphora, 194. Stratton St. Margarets, Backsword- ing contests, 81. Persons, see Arkell, Thos. Prebend, 462, 464. Rom. road ? 394. Stratton, Alfred; Ernest ; James ; 438, Arthur ; Rich.; 89. Strawbridge, Rich., 232. Street [Strete], Nich., 252. Rich., 191. Thos., 475. Strickland, Hon. Walt., 220, 221. Stubbs, Thos., 455, 467, 470. Studley [Stodeley], Blaky’s Close ; Crooked Lane; Eyton’s Mede, 242. Property, 252. [Calne], 15, 483; Gate, see Bo- wood ; House. 426. [ Lydiard Tregoze] derivation, 349. [Trowbridge] 252; Asshelys ; Grevells Mede; 242. Stukeley’s Memoirs, Notes on Wilts Antiquites, 426. Stump, Will, 3. Style, Will., 95, Stype Wood, Mollusca, 140, 141, 143, 148. Mosses, 43. Suchfeild, John & Marg., 245. Succinia, species, 141, 148. Roman Suffolk, Thos. Howard, Karl of, 219, 241. vO. XLE-——NO, CXXXVI. Sugar nippers, 215. Summerham (Seend), derivation, 300. Sumner, Heywood, 156 ; gift, 330. Sumpsion, Thos., 2 Surrage, widow, 247. Sutt (—), 126. Sutton Benger, Persons, see Ferris, John (Vic.); Marsh, G. T. (Vic.). Polecats, 1855, 429. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 11—13. Vicarage, value, 1650, 5, Sutton Mandeville, 430. Row Ditch, derivation, 351, Sutton Veny Old Rectory,14th Cent. Hall restored, 386. Persons, see Cowie, D. W. ph Thornton, Cyril. ; Sutton family own Round way, 313. Ann, d. of James, 204. Thos., founds Charterhouse, 460. Will., 428. Swainsford (Mere), derivation, 349, Swallowcliffe, Common Fields, Ne Evil eye at, 181. Hospitallers’ property, 190. Lease, 428. Persons, see Bacon, Or; Michell, John ; Russell, John ; Smith family. Pre. bend and Rectory, Survey, 1650, \6—20. See also Buxbury. Swanborough (Highworth), deriva - tion, 348. Swanborough Hundred, Ch.Survey, 1650, 115. Swansbrook Farm (Winkfield), de- rivation, 353. Swansea Museum, BOY. Swanton, EH. W., 268; on Galls, 354, 355, 356, 358, 359, 363; on Mollusca, 189, 140, 143, 144, 146 —148; on Rusts, 266. Swayne, H. J., works, 68, Sweetman, Mr., 1338. ‘“‘Swelgende,” meaning of, 286. Swindon. Chelonian from Kim. Clay, 313, 314. Late Celtic iron object, 184. Museum opened, 319. Norman building, A. D. Passmore on, 184. Okus Hill, 184. Old Swindon, illust., 442. Pterodacty] bone, 432. Quarry, Westlecott Road, 274. Rain- fall, 443. Rom. coins & pottery, pit, with skeleton, &c., Westlecott, 394. Roman 2Y¥ 596 INDEX TO VOL XLII. Catholic Church, 319. — Rushey Platt, 182. Senecio squalidus, 182. Town Hall, illust., 442. Westlecott, derivation, 351. — Swinhoe, Dr., 366. Swithin, Saint, 452. Sykes, W.S., 179; gift, 187. Sylvester, G. M., 72. W.C. K., obit, 72. Symonds, Rich., 316. Symphytum asperrimum, 91. Sympson, arms of, 429. Tadley (Hants), 22. Taesan Mead, 187. Talbot, Miss, 499. John, 246, 247; lands at Bowood, 433. Rich., 229, Col. Sherington, lands at Bowood, 420. W. H. Fox, discoverer of Photo- graphy, 429. Tamlyn, Will., 62. Tan Hill Fair, art. on noticed, 203. Flint pebbles on summit, 427, Tangye, Dr. C. E., port., 214. Tanner, G. F., Comms. Notes on Rural Deaneries of Marlborough & Cricklade, 1812, 129—136. Gideon, 232). Taplin, H., 164; port., 215. Tapnel, Will., 934, Taxaxacum erythrospermum, 91. Tarrant Monkton [Launceston], 307. Tarrant, John, 477. Tatum dé Still, Messrs., 59. K. Wy PADD: Geo. Benson gives Salver to Salisbury, 428, 429. Geo. Roberts, 428, 429. John & Thos., 428. Taunton, 57. Archdeacon of, 466. Taunton, alzas Bayly, Edw. & Will, 219, John, 241. Tayler & Newton, Messrs., 65. Isaac, 10. Geo., 428. John, 192. Rich., 231. Isaac, 10. Geo., 428. Taylor, Mr., 136. Alec., 525 ; and Manton, art. & port., noticed, ; gift, 526 ; port., 214. eae 113, 115, 119, 120. Hen., 136. J. W., on Mol- lusca, 138, 141, 143—150. Martin, 250. Thos., 32, 85., Teart, Sam., 260, Teffont, 181. Teagerlewe Wood (Bradford), 218. Tellesford, property, 248, 249. | Templar properties in Wilts, list of, 188. Templar, Thos. le, 473. Temple Rockley '(Preshute), 114. Bottom, Dolmen formerly at, 114, Tenbury, St. Michael’sCollege, 439. Tennant, Sir Ch.,302. Chr. Grey, 302. Edw. Priaulx, see Glen- conner, Ld. Ed. Wyndham, 302, 329. Hon. Stephen, port., 215. . Terumber, James, 242. Tewkesbury Abbey, property at Ogbourne, 112; Wroughton, 474. Thacke, Thos., 7. Thame, Phil. de, 188. Will., 464. Thames embankment, scheme, 521, Thelotrema, species, 50. Theodore, Archbishop, parochial organization, 453. Thesium, Rusts, 265, 268. Thickpennye, Rob., 219. Thiepval, Wilts Regt. at, 84. Tholemys passmorei,Swindon, 314. Tholveston Chapel, 462. Thomas, Edw., “In Pursuit of Spring ”’ noticed. John, 10. Dr. J. Tubb, obit., 196. Mich., 20, Will., 196. Thompson, Mr.. port., 214. A. Hamilton, acts as guide, 168, 169; address on Foundation of College of Edington, 170. Thornbury (Gloucs.), 88. Thornhill(Malmesbury),derivation, 349. Pond, see Savernake. Thornhills (Groveley), derivation, 346. Thornton, Cyril, presents big game heads to Warminster, 378. Thoulstone (Upton Scudamore), derivation, 35. Threngden, Theobald de, 461. Thresher, Edw. & John, 231, 235. Thrup Farm (Ramsbury), deriva- tion, 350. Thuidium, species, 41, 44. Thursley (Hants), 471. Thwaites, N., 195. Thyme, Galls, 360. Thynne, Canon A. B., 209. Sir James, 26, 117. Tibbett, Thos., 245. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 597 Tichborne Farm (Whiteparish), derivation, 352. Tichbourne family, 352. Tidcombe, 405. Algee, 51. Anglo-Saxon bounds, 281, 285. Chureh plate, services, Vicarage, &c., Notes on, 1812, 135. Curate’s salary, 1650, Bo Great Barrow, dyke near, 403. Long Barrow, 405, 406 ; Dyke, 405. Manor, 281. Mollusca, 137, 144, 145, 149. ° Mosses, 45. Per- sons, see Holdforth, Mr. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 36—38. ' Rom. Road, 281, 312. Tidcombe, Mr., 225, 226. Mich., 232. Thos., 230, 231. Tidworth, Rom. lamp with cross emblem, 424. Tiles, encaustic, from Stavordale, at Mere Woodlands, 384. See also Bedwyn, Gt., Ch. Tilshead, 199. Persons, see Knight, Julian; Lye, Will., Property, 245, 246, 249, 252, 253. Timbrell [Timmerel]l], Ch., 230. Jane; Robert; Thos., 229. Rich., 229, 230, 232. Thos., 222. Timbridge Farm (Little Bedwyn), derivation, 340. Mollusca, 145. Tinhead, 200. family, 212. Tinkley (Berwick St. John), deri- vation, 341. Tinridge (Bedwyn), 38. Tippett, Nich., 246. Tipping, H. Avray, arts. by, noticed, 84, 86, 315, 440. Tisbury, Eastgate, 177. Kast Hatch, 178. In the Great War, 311. Osmund family, Siule “ Past and Present,” by Mrs. E. Miles, noticed, 311. Persons, see Hutchinson, F. E. (Vic.). Place Farm, 311. Property, 248. Rainfall, 443, Register, husband re- linquishes right in his wife, 177, 178. See also Hatch Ho. Tithe,right of owner to assign tithe, stopped, 454. Of apples & eggs, 125. Titherington [Tyderington] Fields, “ Chickeshedge, ” ‘* Downe Court, Wadman Hedge,” ‘‘ Old Drove,” “ Short- burge,” “ Kast Lowe,” “* White- lands,” “‘ Willis Head,” 26. Persons, see Crowch, Mary & Rich; Hyde, Kdw. Prebend & Rectory, Survey of, 1650, 25— 28. Titherton Lucas & Kelway, Church Survey, 1650, 2. Tiverton, cloth manufacture, 362. Tocke, Marg. & John, 169. Tockenham, Manor Farm illust., 89. Tokens, Devizes, 444. High- worth, 98. Tollard Royal, Larmer Ground, derivation, 351. Tompkins, John, 231. Tomlin, Geo. P., Bp. of Winchester, 468. J. W.5S., writings, 326. Tonbridge School, 435. Tooker, Hdw., 125. Toomes, James, 223. ‘Toone, Mr., 166. Toothill Farm (Lydiard Tregoze), pits at described, 434. See also Lydiard. ** 'Topographica Wiltonensis given, 216, 380. Toppe, John, builds Stockton Ho., 387, Torleton, Prebend, 465. Torquay, 305. Tortula, species, 43. Totnes, Archdeacon of, 464. Tottenham ['Topenham] Park, 295. Algee, 51. Column Ride, Witches’ Brooms, 354, 355, 357. Galls, 358. Hepatics, 47, 48. Lichens, 49, 50. Map, 1786, 301. Mollusca, 139, 141, 142, 148. Moorland Flora, 40. Mosses, 41—43. Rusts, 266, 271. Totterdown=Scots Poor, 284. Toulouse, Rom. Pottery, 156. Townsend family at Imber, 212, Alderman, 517. Mrs., 4. Fred, on Mollusca, 142, 148, Joseph, acct. of, 135 ; geologist, 517. Trappe, Will. le, 206. Traquair (Peebles), 302. Trecherne, Eliz., 243. ‘'rencheard, Mr., 6. Trent, John, 469. Trentepohlia, species, 51. Trevelyan, Sir Geo., 302. Me D F, Trevethin (Mon.), 196. Trichopsylla, 356. Trigge, John & Thos., 233, 234. Trimnel, Edw., 177. Trinder, Ch., 204. Troak, Hannah & Rob., 263. Trotman, F. E., 384. 212. Susanna, 441. Trow Farm (Alvediston), deriva- tion, 340, 342. Trow Lane Farm (Brinkworth), derivation, 342. Trowbridge, 200. Ashton & Lower Court Mills, 195. “ Bell Lands,” origin of Charity, 317. “ Burges ” Tenement, 249, Chantry Lands at Bradford, 223. Church, sermon, 437; work of James Terumber, 242. Fore Street, illust., 442. George Inn, Sarah, 428. Grammar School, 194, 304, Hell Garden, 242. Hole Orchard, 252. Hos- pitallers’ property, 190. Mollusca, 148. Pale Close, 242. Polebarn Ho., 195. Property, 244, 246—253, Trowle [Troile], Tithing of Brad- ford, 218, 224, 225. Constable WX Tithineman, 231. “True Patriot” paper, 58. Tuck, Miss, 430. Adam, 176. Edw., 124. G. W., 489. Jane, 234. John (I. & II.), 234, 255, 263. Tucker, Thos., 230, 232. Reb 134. W. H., 195. Tumiac (Morbihan), Butte de, chambered, 186. Turberville, Geo., 248—250. Turleigh (Bradford), 235. Persons, see Potter, J. Turner, John R., 457, 472. Will., 228. Sir Will., 221. Turtle, Thos., 176. Tutt, Rob., 260. Twickenham, 308. Twinhoe, 260. Twopenny, Mr., Memoir re Bo- wood, 515. Twyford (Hants), 13. La Tene I. brooch, 382. Twyford, John, Si Wal, O55). Tyley, Rich., O31. Tytherton Kelloways (Keilways), separate parish, 1650, 2. 598 INDEX 10 VOL aly Tytherton Lucas Church, separ- ated from Chippenham, 1650, 2. Vicarage Survey, 1650, 1, 2. Uffcote (Broad Hinton), derivation, 342, Uncles, Sam. & Will., 10. Union boundaries, altered, 198. Upham, Upper, see Aldbourne. Uppingham, 438. Uppsala, mounds, 164. Upton Lovel, Birds, 480. Persons, see Walker, F. G. (Rect.) Upton Scudamore, Huntenball ; Norridge ; ‘Thoulston, deriva- tions, 3651. Persons, see Kniton, L. Upton, Capt. Edw., J. G., 438. ’ Urchfont Prebend, Church Survey 1649, 118—120. Persons, see Kent, Hen. (Vic.); Wall, Rich. (Vic.). Uredinales[ Uredineae], RustFungi, 264. Uromyces, species, 265—271. Usnea, species, 49. Uxelodum, [Uxelodamo] = Mary- port, 88. Valence, Aylmer de, 453. Valentine, Ben., 108. Prior of St. Swithin, Winchester, 453. Valerian, Rust, 267. Valetta, ‘library, records of Hos- pitallers, 188. Vallance, Aymer, remarks, 162, 163, 169, 170. Valley of Rocks, Lichens, 49, 50. Valvata, species, 149. Vannes Museum, Jadeite Celts, 371. Vaughan, John, 233. Rich., 471. Veele, John, 10, 11. Veitch, J. L., ‘“ Leith Derwent,” writings, 68. [226. ‘* Vell Noble,” payment, derivation, Vennell, Nich., 244. Venta Belgarum, 272. Vernditch Chase (Chol deriva- tion, 343. Veronica, Galls, 359. Verrucaria, species, 51. Vertigo, species, 137, 148, Veysey, John, 80. Viburnum, Galls, 358. “Vicar of Wakefield, 2 ciated at Salisbury, 60, 61, 68. Vicar’s minimum salary, 456. Vict. & Albert Museum, Wilts objects, 428. | SAAT AINE HE Ce pain Ae es i eae INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 599 ‘“ Vieux Cordelier Le,” paper, 63. Vigor, John, 243. Viguers, John, 249, 250. Vilett, T. G., 133, Villaneuve, Elgan de, 188. - Vilvayne, Thos., 249. Vince, Mr., 34. Vincent, Mr., 276. ) Violet, galls, 355. Rust, 265. Virgin Mary, cult of in 13th Cent., effect on Ch. Building, 201. “ Virginia Gazette,” 63. Virginia Water, alge, 51. Vitrzea, species, 140. Vitrina, species, 140. Vize, J. H., 148. ‘““Vily be on the Turmuts,” song, origin of, 96. Voyce, Rob., 31, 35, 39, 124. Waddington, Nich., 4. Wadman family at Imber, Hannah; John, 212, 225. Wady Magarah (Sinai), Turquoise Mines, 374. Wagtail, Yellow, 430. Wakely, Grace, 260. Will., (I. & IL.), 259. Wakeman, Rich., 253, 254. Waleran the Huntsman, 197. Wales, Fred., Prince of, 515. Walgrave (Northants. iy 468. Walker, F. G., bird notes, 430 ; Remarks, 164, Walker’s Hill (Alton), glossy flints, 183. Wall, Mr., 480, 481. Rich., 119, 120. . Wallington, A., gives Church House to Bradford, 447. Miss, A. F., port., 214, Wallis’ [Wallys], Mr, 212. G. D., 211. Will., 252. Walnut, galls, 360. Walsh, Mrs., of Purton, 80. Walsingham, Francis, holds Brad- ford Manor, 218. Sir Francis, 241. Lady Francis, 219. Ursula, 218, 219. Walter, Thos., 259. grantee of Bowood, 412. Walters, L. D’O., “Complete Guide to Wiltshire,” noticed, 308. Walthamstow, 204. Wangford (Suff.), 471. Wanborough,advowsonof Vicarage, 30, 31. Ceawlin defeated at, 272. Charter, 339. Joan & Sir Will, Church, illust., 442 ; Plate, Ser- vices, Population, é&e., notes on, 1812, 136. Customs Gap, 279 ; Rom. Coins, 273; Rom. Road, 275. Escott, 31. Fields; Berrycroft ; Clend Haies; Earlescott; Hidefield, 30; Inlands, 29 : - Wimbor an, 275. House, O75, Hundred, Subsidy Roll, 242. Persons, See, Eyles, Will.; Harwood, John, (Vic.) ; ate Mrs.; Hopkins, John, (Vic.). Plain, 274. Rectory, Survey, 1650, 29—31. Wanborough, Roman, by A. D. Passmore,272—280( figs.) Bone Dice, 280 (jig.). Bronze Brooch, Splitbow, 275, 276 ; objects 279, 280 (fig.). Coins, found in 17th cent., 273 ; List of, 278, 279. Foun- dations, Lotmead Farm, 274. Inscription, 275. Tron Hip- posandal, 277, 278, (fig.). Pottery, 276, 277. ‘Querns, 275. Roads, 272 ; Covenham Farm, 272, 275 ; Plain, 272 ; Wick Taney 2 (20 Shale bead, 280 (jfig.). Site of settlement, Covenham, Lotmead & Nythe, 272, 274; Boundary ditches of, 275 ; Name of, not Nidum, 273 ; Tradition of 10 Churches, 273. Skeletons found, 279. Wells, 279. Wansdyke, 96, 309, 312, 359. Its course throughE.&S.E. Wiltshire, by A. F. Major, 396—406. Course of S.E. Branch, 402—406 ; Date, origin, and use of, 406. Defence against ? Irish Invaders; 162. Forks at Bedwyn, 400. At Bedwyn, 284; Little Bedwyn, 295; Chisbury, 292; Maes Knoll (Som.), 396 ; Saver- nake, 296. Wans Corner, Horn family, House & Cross, 408. House at Breach of Dyke, 408. Wanstead, 205. Wantage (Berks), derivation, 347, 350. Ward (missionary), 210. Mrs. Atkinson (“Fay Inchfawn’”’), 442; writings, 322, 329. Geo., port., 214, John, 134, 600 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 932. Nich., 251. S. H., 315. Wardour Castle, 311; illust., 442. Derivation of Bridzor; Dunworth, 351. Ware, John, 463, 469. Warminster Christ Church, 306. Derivations, Mancomhe ; Sambourne; Small Brook oO) Fields, &e., “‘ Cockells ” ; “Coleway’’; ‘Copley Bottom” ; “TLynchards” ; ‘‘ Mancombe Bottom ”; ‘‘ Moorely” ; ‘‘ Nap- perhold rr Reda 7; “White Headtree” ; 117. Highbury, elk Hospitallers’ property, 190. Property, 249. Quarter Sessions, 447. Rec- tory, Survey, 1649, 116—118. St. Boniface College, 326. Town Hall, collection of heads, 378. Vicarage, value, 1649, 118. Wilts Arch. Soc. Meeting, 1921, 378—388. Warmley (Som.), 79. Warneford, (—), 427. Warner, Mr., 182, 136. Warren Hill, 406. Warri, John, 220. Washern Grange (Wilton), deriva- tion, 352. Washington, Sir Lawrence, port., 448, Washnell (Box), derivation, 341. Washway, The (Bowood), 415. Wasp, H.M.S., 437. Wastfeild, John, 232. Waterlow, Mrs., gift, 526. Waterman, John, 3. Waters, Mr., kills Bustard, 431. Waters & Rawlence, Messrs., 73, 439. Edw., 500; obit., 439, - Watkins, Anth., 227. Isaac & Mrs., ports., 214. J. B., owns Manor of Holt, 238. - Rob., hanged, 80. Watkyne, Geo., 260. Watson, A. J., note, 432. On Rom. site at Savernake, 425. John, 466. Jos., gift, 526, Joyce, 289. T. H. & Mrs., ports., 214. Watson-Taylor, calendars deeds, 167; gift, 330 ; writings, 327. Watton, Rich., token, 444. Watts, David, 181. J. E., 89; gifts, 329; Knapp Farm, M. Lavington, art. on & illusts. noticed, 89. Widow, 231. Waugh, Alice, writings, 95. James Ch., 478. Wayland Smith Cave, sarsgens tooled, A. D. Passmore on, 446, 447. Waylen, G.S. A., gift, 526. Wayte, Bernard, 8. Weare (Som.), 466. Weare [ Ware], Chr., 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 29, 32, 33, 107, 109—111, 115, 118, 122, 128. Weasel killed by Kestrel, 480. Weaver, Lawrence, 322. Webb, Aurelius, 260, Barth., line: Ch., 508. E. Doran, 68, 316. . John, 243, 316. Marg., 169. Randolph, 227, 229-234, 238. Rich., 257, 258. Sam., 233, 234, 238. Thos., 3, 206, 243. Will., 11, 13, 16, 19, 23, 28, 29, 31—36, 38, 106—111, 118, 115, 116, 118— 120, 122, 124, 169, 230, 422. W. W., 289. Webbe, Dan., 259. Webbs, Gully, Wood, mosses & plants, Ad. Webera, species, 41, 44. Wedhampton, see All Cannings. Week, see Bishops Cannings. Weeks, Chr., 243. Weeting, 435. Weir Farm, see Broad Hinton. Weight, Bernard, 14. See also Wayte. Weights & Measures, of, 1720, 231, 232. Welford, Rich., 238. Wellington (Salop), 308. 249, 250. Wellowe, 243, 260. Wells, 244, 307. Wells, Geo. 134. printer, 485. Welsh, Ch., 60. Welshpool (Montgomery, 141. Wemyss, Countess of, 74. Wenman, Rich., Visct., 187. Wereham (N orf. ), Stone Celt, 370. Wernham, Hammerstone, 367. Inspectors (Som.) Will., 501 ; ~ Werston, Nether (Wroughton), 452, Wertona [Wertune ; Wervetone]= Wroughton, 451, 452, Wesley, Ch. & John, Visit. 5s of Shelburne, 509. ee ie INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 601 * Wessex Associated Press,” 500. West Woods, Mosses, 42. Sar- sens, 41. Wansdyke, 396, 397. West, G.S., on Algze, 52. John, 231. Capt. Lionel, 434. P. C., port., 234. Westbury (Glos.), 472. Westbury, 318. Church, Bells recast, notes on, 213; sanctus bell called Kit bell, 213. . Hundred, Church, survey, 1649, 120; officers of, 122. Leighton, 303, Penleigh= Aecglea, 318. Property, 253. Pyrola minor, 183. Rows- wood, 244. Rectory, Survey, 1649, 120. Token, 215. Vicarage, advowson, 122. White Horse, illust., 442. Westbury Leigh=Aecglea, 318. “ Hollibrooke; ‘Leigh Mill” ; Ludborne Ho.; ‘“ Rowles” ; “Tompkins”; 244. John Marshman’s chair given to Bap- tist Church, 210. Manor, 244, Property, 253. Westbury, Will., 224. Westcombe (Gt. Bedwyn), Tithes, 30. Westcombe, Nich., 133. Westcott Copse, (Shalbourne ?! ), Wansdyke, 401. | “ Western Chronicle,” 487. “Western Literary Advertiser,’ 491, 492. | Westlecot (Swindon), derivation, 351, Westly, Ephraim, 223, 225. Westmeath (Ireland), Stone Celt, 368. Westminster Palace Chapel, Pre- bend, 463. St. Stephen’s College, 464. Weston (Som.), 260. Weston-super- Mare, 466. Weston, James, 177. Westwood, 240, 254. Church, visited, 165. Deeds, printed, 379. Flint implements, 98, 172, 330. Manor Court, and Court Rolls, 239—242; House, restored, visited, 165. ‘*Plears _Mede,” 239, 242. Persons, see Compton, Geo.; Horton family. Romano-British site at, by W. G. Collins, Rob., 508. 171, 172; Pottery, 171, MS. Notes on, 380 ; Stone coftin, des- cribed, 171. Rowley Copse, derivation, 352. Wettrodes (Bowood), 414. Wexcombe (Grafton), 311. Anglo-Saxon bounds of Manor, 281, 285. Long Barrow, Neolithic Pottery, 427. Mosses, 48. Tithe, 38. Weyhill, Kent family of Blissimore Hall, give Ch. plate, 92. Whaddon, 72, 236, 237. Per- sons, see Long, Hen.; Peade, Rob. (Vic.). Whalley (Lanes.), Wild Boar, 1607, 201. Whatley, John, 244. Rich., 235. Whatton, H. de H., gift, 526. Wheatear, increase of, 430. Wheldon, J. A., on mosses, 41, 44. 45, Whelpley (Whiteparish), deriva- tion, 352. Whereat, W., 480. Whetham (Calne), 421. Fynamores Bridge, 407, 408. House, 408. — Stream, 409 ; diverted, 408. Tything, 15. Whibley, C., writings, 324. Whimbrel, 317. Whistley Ho. (Potterne), Dr. Kent at, 92. Whitborne (Corsley), Hospitaller property, 190. Whitby, 308. White, Mr., 520. Francis, D. D., 176. G. A. Hi. on, Customs belonging to the Manors of Christian Mal- ford, 174—177 ; Gift, 216. James, 521. Steph., 191; Capt. Steph., 119, 120. Thos., 263. Will., 260. White Lane — (Collingbourne), Wansdyke, 405. White Row Bridge (Southwick), derivation, 351. Whitecleeve Farm (Brixton Dev- erill), derivation, 346. Whitehead, Arthur, 69; gifts, 99, 167. Whitehill Farm, 460. Whitemore, Sophia Irene, 437. Whiteparish, derivations, Brick- worth ; Chadwell ; Harestock ; Gatmore ; Sansomes Farm; 602 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. Tichborne ; Whelpley, 352. Heyraz family, 352. See also Alderstone. Whitley, (Whiteleigh), Tything in Calne, 15. Whiteley, J., port., 214. Whitlock, Agnes,d. of Steph., 443. Whitmarsh, (—), writings, 99. Whitmere, John, 474. Whitrowe, Ebbott, 248. Whittle, Eliz., 443. Whittlemoor Brook (Bowood), 414. Gate, 409. Whittley, Will. (or Mat.), 7 Whitworth, Mr., 276. Whoraloke, Nich., 242. Whorwellsdown Hundred, Church Survey, 1649, 122. Whorwood, Edm., 241. Whybwey, Thos., 428. Whytaker (—), 244. Whytewodde, Geo., 2438. Wicherley, Dan. 226. Wick in A.S. Place Names, meaning, 343, 344. Wick Down, Wansdyke, 402, 406. Wick Farm (Rowde), derivation, 300. Wickham, F. & Isaac, ports, 214. Widhill (Cricklade),derivation, 345. Wilcot, Bronze Spear Head, 187. Church, Barwick Tomb, 180 ; Chancel built, 135; plate, services, &c., notes on, 1812, 135 ; Wooden Roundell, 179, 180, Fields, etc, Castle Grounds ; “Cewpres’ ’; “Harepath,” Ladies! Ground, derivation ; “ Moxes ” % Stanchester,’ 7186, 187. Manor Ho., 180. Persons, see Sherer, Mr. West Stowell, bounds, 186, 187. Wild, W., 481. Wilde, Ralph, 226. Wiles, J. P., writings, 325. Wildman, Mr., 457. John, 259. Wilkes, J., printer, 62. Wilkesworth (Dors.), 249, 250. Wilkie, Mr., 65. Wilkins, Rich., 247. Wilkinson, Lady B., port., 214. Christian & Nath , 222, 296. Will o’ the Wisp, Baverstock, &c., 181. Willett family, deed, 220. James (I. & IT.). 220, 238. Willey, Mr., buys Roundway, 313. Williams, Griffith, 465, 470. John & Honora, 230. Ka painter, 86. aL" “ Guide to Architecture of Amesbury Chav? noticed, 321. Phil., 240 ; sift, 526. W. L., 489. Williams-Freeman, Dr. J. P., 398. Williamson, Adam, owns Avebury, 441, Willimot, Mrs., gift, 329. Willis (— ‘), 447, Mich. & Rob., 260. Willow, Rust, 269. Willow Titmouse, 317. Willowherb, Rust, 267. Wills, Norman J., obit., 194. ie aie Vale), deriva- tion, Wilstord . Wilts) Barrow, 98. Derivations, Lake; Nor-- manton ; 352. Manor rebuilt, 302. Persons, see Glenconner, Ld. & Lady; Tennant, Hon. Stephen. See also Lake. ~ Wilson, Mr., 133. John G.; Will. ; Will Werden, 437. Dorothy K.; Frances M.; Jo- anna M.; 438. Major N. Ser) 89. ‘Vice-Adm. Will., obit., 437, 438. Wiltes, Earl of, 242. Wilton, 313. Cartulary, 339. ‘“‘and Salisbury Chronicle,” 487, House, 316 ; armour, art. on by F, H. Cripps, noticed,: 441, 442; Books, from Library, catalogue of, 203, 204; Illusts., 208, 442. Persons, see Herbert, Lady Muriel; Richardson, Mrs. H. ; Robinson, F.; Wilkinson, Lady B. “Times & 8. Wilts Gazette,’ Hist. of, 488. Washerne Grange, derivation, 352. Wilton (East Grafton) Brails, Equisetum sylvatica, var., 186 ; Mollusea, 142. Down, Dykes, ~~ 404, Galls, 354. Tithes, Sie holy Water, Rusts, 265, 266. | Wilton, Bp. Will., of, 178. | 3 Wiltshire,” by tare: Bradley, noticed, 449, Wiltshire Arch. & Nat. Hist. Soc., accounts, 1919, 1920, 101—104, 166, 331—334. Magazine, back numbers sold cheap, 166 ; INDEX TO VOL. XLI. | 603 _ scarce numbers, 379. Meet- ing at Devizes, 1920, 160— 171 ; at Warminster, 1921, 378— 388. Members, num- of, 166, 378. Reports, 166 —168, 378—380. Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, &c., noticed, 78—98, 197— 213, 308—329, 440448. Wiltshire Bowls Assoc., 196. “Complete Guide to,” by L. D’o. Walters, noticed, 308, 309. — County of, area unchanged until _ 1832, 198; “ Boundaries of the Administrative County,” by Ld. Fitzmaurice & W. L. Bown, noticed, 197. 198; Evolution of Divisions, 197 ; Origin of _. County, 197; Parliamentary Divisions, 198. County Asylum under Quarter Sessions, — 448. “County Council Record,” 499. County Mirror, Hist. of, 492—501, 479, 481, 489; Annual cost of production, 496; “and Express, 498,499. “County Telegram,” 496, Deeds, given, 450. Directory, Kelly’s, 319. Estate Sale Particulars, 330, 449. Farmyard illust., 442. Friendly Society, 72. “Gazette,” proprietors’ gift, 100, Geological Maps, 442. Heraldry, MS. Notes on, 99. Hundreds, List of, 198. ‘“‘ Independent,” paper, 194. “ Mirror,’ paper, 489. ‘** News,” paper, 500. News- papers, Past & Present, Part III., Newspapers of S. Wilts, by Mrs. H. Richard- son, 53—69, 479— 501. Obituary, 70—78, 194— 196, 302—308, 435—440. Portraits, 214, 215. Parishes, list of new ones created and of those merged in other parishes, 198. Peesantry, art. on, noticed, 322. Quarter Sessions in the Six- ties, Reminiseences, noticed, 447, Rainfall, 443. Re- formatory School, 303. Regiment, 302, 824; during War, Scrap book, 380; Illust., 84; Marching Song, origin of, 96; VOL, XLI.—NO. CXXXVI. *¢ Soldiers died in the Great War,” official list, noticed, 317. ‘“Standard,” Hist. of, 489, 409, 498, 497. United Dairies, | art. on, noticed, 89. ‘** Water Meadow,” art. on, noticed, 98. “ Working Men’s Conser- vative Benefit Soc.,” 73. Yardlands transferred from Hunts to Wilts, 197. Yeo- manry, 195. Wiltshiremen in London, Assocn. of, 70. Willshire [ Wilshere], John, 232,235. Wimborne (Dors.), 254. Dean’s Court, 250. Gram- mar School, 307. High Hall,307. Win Green, 180. Winchcombe [Winscombe], Edw., 243, John, 243, 246, 254. Susan, 246. Thos., 243, 246. Winchester, 386. Bishops of, 461 ; connection with Wroughton, 451; disputes with Monks of St. Swithin, 453; held Wiltshire manors, 452. Cathedral, Chapter property, 29, 33; Bul- kington Rectory, 88; Keevil Rectory, 122; Wroughton Manor, 455,477. Monksof St.Swithin, 451, 452; hold Wroughton, 474, 475. Early Iron Age pottery, 382. Galls, 359. St. Mary’s Nunnery, 461. Winchester, John, Earl of Wilts, Marquis of, holds Bradford, 226, 227. Window Tax, Bowood, 508. Window, James, 262. Windsor, Forest, ‘Tithes, 1277. Wild Boars, 1617, 201. Prebend, 467. St. George’s Chapel, Dean & Chapter, pro- perty, 35,36; All Cannings, 115 ; Ogbourne Rectories, 111; Urch- font Prebend, 118 Windley, E. J., ‘‘ Amesbury, its Abbey, its Church, &c.,” noticed, 320, Windmill Hill (Collingbourne), Ditches, 402, 406. See also Avebury. Wingfield [Winkfield], 200. Derivations, Pomeroy; Swans- brook ; 353. Tithingman & Constable, 231. De 2 604 INDEX TO VOL XLII, Winklebury Hill, The Scrag on, by GC. V. Goddard, 180, 181. Winn, John, 261. Winsley, deed, 235. “ Eastcroft,” 235. Tithing of Bradford, 218, 224, 225; Rental, 1660, 224. Tithingman & Constable, 1720, 231. “‘ Vell Noble,” 226, . Winsor, Rich., 260. Winstone (Glos.), 255. Winterbourne Bassett, derivations, Ricardston ; Hackpen; 353. Hammerstone, 365. Little Owl, 480. Ricardston, 211. Winterbourne Dauntsey, Persons, see Blake, Ben. Winterbourne Gunner, Persons, see Drew, Mer. bickerstaffe. Winterbourne Monkton Down, Sarsens broken, 433. Hack- pen, Rom. Bronze objects, 395. WinterbourneStoke, Ld.Arundell’s Farm, 124. Persons, see Courage, R. T.; Snowe, W. Tithe, 124. Winterbourne Stream, 207. Winterslow, Hound Wood, deri- vation, 353. House of Steph. Fox burned, 444, Persons, see Brodie, P. B.; Sly, R. *€ Village Council & Landholder’s Court,” account of pubd., 488. Wise, W., G., 424. Wiseman, Mr., 276. Witcharley, Dan., 221. Witchell, Will., 222. Witches in S. Wilts, 181. “ Brooms ” on Hawthorn, 354, Witcomb (Hilmarton), derivation, 348. (Som.) Property, 248, 249, Witham (Som.), Postlebury, deri- vation, 347. Witherington Down (Standlynch), derivation, 351. Withey, Will., 231. Witney (Oxon), 200. Witt, Meelaer (Amelia), 259. Wiveliscombe, 466. Woburn (Hankerton), derivation, Wodehouse, Will., 474. Wolfe, Gen., 517 ; at Devizes, 204. Wolf Hall |Wulfhall] (Grafton), 294, Exempt from Tithe, Sh. Wild Boars, 201. Wolmer Forest, wild Boars, 1793, 201. Mocs [Wolvesey], John de, 61, Wolverton (Som.) [Wolfrington], Manor, deed, 247, 249, 250. Women, First County Councillors & Justices, 303. “Wood ” in Charters, meaning of, 288. Wood Sage, Rust, 268. Wood Work, Bench ends, Imber, 387 ; see also Mere ; Sherrington. Chest, 13th cent., Salisbury Cath. Treasury, 97. | Chimney- pieces, Purton, College Farm, illusts., 79. Porch, Gt. Bed- wyn Ch., 130. Screens, Gt. Bedwyn Ch., 130, 428; Edington Ch., 169 ; Stockton Ch., 387, 388. Table, temp. Hen. VIII., 8. Wraxall, 164. See also Wootton Rivers ; Wroughton. Woodborough, 73. Bremhill -Wood, derivation, 353. Per- sons, see Lane, E.; Robbins, 8. ; Wyld, E. G. & W. 'T. (Rects.). Woode, Will., 248, 249. Woodford,A von River,art. noticed, Bo2e Persons, see Aston, Maj.- Gen. Sir Geo. Woodford Brake (Castle Combe) derivation, 343. Woodford, H. G., writings, 326. Mat., 240. Woodham, F., 240. Woodhay (Berks), 281. Woodley, Will., 231. Woodmencote (Glos.), 255. Woodminton Down (Chalke), de- rivation, 343. W oodrew (Melksham), derivation, 349. Woodrooffe, Mrs., writings, 99. Woods, John, 194,237. | Woodward, Will., 118. Woody, E., 448. Woodyates, ltom.-Brit. settlement, 154, 155. Woollcott, Harry, 438. Woolham, 124. Woolley (Bradford), derivation, 342. See also Bradford. Woolley, J. T., 500% Woolmer, Mr., 149. W oolridge, Will., 36. Woolverton (Som.), 246. Wootton (Glos.), 260, 262. Wootton Heath (Norf.), Lichen, 40. INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 605 Wootton, D. & Mrs., ports., 214. Wootton Bassett, 71. Map of Hyde Estate, 1773, 428. Persons, see Scoriar, J. Rec- tor, 1303, 461. Town Hall, illust., 442. Wootton Rivers, 299. Church, Notes, 1812 ; Architectural notes by W. C. Lukis, 1853 ; screen removed ; 135 ; Neale & O’Neale family, 209. Persons, see Brooke, Z.; Outram, Dr. (lect.). Rust, 271. Worcester, 265. Priory, 326. Wordsworth, Chancellor Chr., * Origin of Cath. Copy of Magna Charta,” noticed, 97, 98; writ- ings, 68, 210. Bp. John, writings, 68. Workman, Humph., 10 “World,” paper, 58. Worm’s Head (Glam.), stone mould, 327. Worston Manor, Wroughton, 452. “Worth” in A.S. Place Names, meaning, 344, Wortham (Suff.), 471. Wortham, Hospitaller property, 190. Worton, Over (Oxon), 487. Wotton, 461. Wourfton=Wroughton, 452. Wraxall, North, Cross Base to be repaired, 380. Persons, see Blanchard, ‘hos., (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 2. Worked flints on Roman site, 172. Wraxall, South, 71, 224. Manor Ho., illust., 442 ; Table temp., Hen. VIII., 164; visited, 164. Persons, see Long, Walt.; Mizen, Mr. Tithing of Bradford, 218, 224, 225. Tithingman, 231. Wren, Sir Chr., “ Building accts. of City Churches,” noticed, 322 ; _ port., 442. Wright (Wryght), A. G., 155. Hon. Anne, 237. E., gift, 216. Marg. & Thos., 218, 242. Nathan, 238. Powlett, Battle of, 361. 234. Wroughton, Blagrove, Chilton, Costow, derivations, 353. Charterhouse estate, 476; map, 1805, 478. Church, 459 ; Chancel roof, new, 458; dedica- tion, 458 ; Font, 460 ; Illust., 442; Indulgence to all visiting and giving alms to, 1398, 463 ; Notes on Services, &c., 136; robbed, 469; Sadler monuments, 471 ; Screen with Pews, 136. Church Plate, 136, 467. Church way, earliest mention, 454. Codrington estate sold, 478. Connexion with See of Win- chester, 451. Curates, list of, 472, 473. Ecclesiastical Hist. of, its Rectors & Vicars, by Mrs. T. S. Maskelyne& Canon Manley, 451—478. Elcombe, 471 ; Chantry Priests, List of, 473, 474 ; Chapel, site of, 459. Derivation, 338, 353. §Elcombe Manor, 451; payment to Ivry Priory, 456 ; held by Lovels, 460 ; Charterhouse property,460; Eton Coll.. property, 475, 476; sold, 460 ; ‘lithe, 457; Tithe given to Minster Lovel, 454. Ellan- dune Hill Fort, 458 ; Manor held by Malmesbury Abbey & Bishop of Winchester, 451 Elyndon [Elingdon], original name of Wroughton, 451, 452, 453; Manor held by Eccles. Commissioners, 455. Eton Coll. land & tithe, 456, 457, 475. Feast, 458. Franklin family lease Rec- tory, 458 ; registers, 478. Gadbourne, 457. Hackpen field, 476. Inclosure Act, 457 ; allotment to Rector & Vicar 477. Ing. nonarum, 1341, 474. ““Tvery ” field, 458. ** Leases ” farm, 457. ‘* Lot Meadow,” 476. Manor, extent of lands, 478; held by Monks of Winchester and Dean & Chapter, 453, 455; leased to A. Evans, 478; held by Eccles. Com., 457, 477, 478 ; sold to W. Codrington, 478 ; Tithe free, 457; value of, 475. Manors, five in Wroughton, 451. Nether- weston, 474; Manor, 452. Overtown,457;Codrington family, 459; Tithes, 457. Priors Hill, derivation, 452. Pro- perty of Ivry Monastery, 474 ; of St. Swithin, Winchester, 474 Di Be 606 INDEX TO VOL. XLI. 475; of Stanley Abbey, 474; of Tewkesbury Abbey, 474. Quidhampton, derivation, 341, 353. Rectory, held by Bishops & Monks of Winchester, 452—455 ; endowments, 455, 456; lands, extent of, 456; Manor House, 456, 458; Leased, 458, 468, 477 ; Held by Eccles. Com., 477, 478 ; purchased by Codring- ton fam., 459; ‘Terriers, 476, 477; Tithes, 456, 457, 477; Value of, 456, 474, 475, 476. Reetors, indult to, 463; List of, 460 —468; non resident, origin of, 454, 455. Salthrop Manor, 451; Tithes, 457. School built, 460. Taxatio of Pope Nich. 1291, 494. Terriers, 456. Trans- ferred from Sarum to Glouc. & Bristol Diocese, 458. Valor Ecclesiasticus, 474, 475. “ Values, Book of,” 475, 476. Vicarage, advowson held by Bps. of Winchester, Glos., & Bristol, 457, 458; House, 1812, 136; rebuilt, 459, 471; Lands, ex- tent of, 456; ‘Terriers, 476, 477; Value, 16th to 19th cent., 456, 457, 475, 477 ; Yew hedge, 459. Vicars, earliest mention, 454; List of, 468—47 2. Wertona, [Wertune, Werveton], Manor, 451. Westlecott, [Weklestote, Wykelscote], 474 ; Property of Lacock Abbey, 474 ; Tithes, 457. W orston, [Wourfton, Wrofton, Wroston], Manor, Court Rolls at Win- chester, 452, 453. ‘* Wrough- ton,’ First mention of name, 452. Wroughton, Cath.; Fras.; Geo.; 187. Wroxeter, Rom. pottery, 158. Wyatt, Architect, work at Salis- bury Cath., 82, 214. Thos., 92. T. H., architect, 131. Wycombe, High, House owned by John Fitzmaurice, 509. Wyke, Will., 244. Wykeham, Will. of, no architect himself, 169 ; His will, 91. Wyld, Canon Edwin Geo ,328; obit. & ports., 71, 72, 214. Frances; Jessie ; Capt. Geo. Rich.; Kath.; Will. Thos., 71. Wyles, Rich., 10. a sri [TESS wid, C. H. Woodward, Bté Ys ~ Yerbury (—) 225. Wylkys, Thos., 469. : Wylye, Hospitallers’ property, 190. Stone implements, 365. Wynchcombe, Benedict, 250, Wyndham, Mr., 480. Fras., 477. Geo., 74, 302 ; writings, 324. Col. Guy, 74. Hen., 428. Pamela, 302. Hon. Percy Scawen, 73, 302. Mrs. Percy, obit., 73. Wadham, 492. W. P., 172. Wynn, Hester; Mary ; Will. ; 259. Wyre Forest, (Worcs.), Mosses, 43. Wyville, Bp. of Salisbury, 316 ; Tomb in Cath., 178. Xanthoria, species, 50. Yale University, 208. Yarnbury Fair, 431. Yates, Geo., 500, 501 ; edits “Wilts County Mirror,” 499. John, 472. | Yatesbury, Persons, see Norborne, Hen., (Rect.). Pied Fly- catcher, 91. Rectory, value, 1650, 9. Yatton Keynell, Persons, see Child, Geo., (Rect.); Stump, Will, (Rect.). Rectory, value, 1650, 3. Yelverton, Hen., 219, 241. Yenly, Mr., 36. Yeomanry Centenary, 212. Yeongeslete, Thos., 2U6. Dan., 224 —226. Edw., 252. Fras., 934,235,238. John, 223. John Will, 238. Thos., 223, 224. Walt., 241. Will, 243. Yew, Galls, 364. Yockney, Lt. B. R., obit., 195. Capt. W. H., 195. York Cath., use of Pulpitum, 84. York, Bp. Will. of, Tomb at Salis- bury Cath., 178, 179. Young, Edw. & Fras.,118. John (I & IT.), 117, 118. Moses, 218. Thos., 462. | Will., 232. Yverdon (Switz.), Rom. Pottery, 155. Zeals [Seales], Persons, see Chaffin, Thos. Zonitoides, species, 140. Zouch, Kdw.,.owns Pitton, 206. Sir John, Ld. Z., of Harring worth, owns Anstey, 206. Zygodon, species, 41. eosoe END OF VOL. XLI. AD Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. THE SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS (Continued), STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most reliable account of Stonehenge and its Earthworks, WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.R.S., A.D. 1659-1670. Corrected and enlarged by the Rev. Canon J. EH. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates, Price £2 10s. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM. 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Ue t : i > & i | \ 1 Ny t - MN i . . t t pat 7 ie = 4 | : ‘ \ \ | 2 X i j | f | { ™~ ~ = | | ? 1 ) ( * | | ~ | ‘ = ~~ a oO a i a “¢" te - 1 8 OM sk: aan tae Beh oy 6 Se ww e bea! Cie re ame iat pee —s ee ay Se Leahey! i tt be ® Or dal ol este \ © ao eos Se ee Seesys Sear atcha 4 ree eatees SEES Seto See Ce ee eee ene Sear eae Pediat phe mlm pow