i Le, RIE POs pen Byrd Sealy roe “y ve eae, ana Tome: Bos ; ite: * ane tp bag koa leche Ale nay De LOEB tel Beate wT eet wi iet ay vil iG =i ; i nee sag Hscyrabeae ae = cee ao A ee p i x & 3! - anes si f ata ii pews: Ste netany Rey a Fai iabaal tay dat THE WILTSHIRE Archeological & Natural History MAGAZINE. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SOCIETY FORMED IN THAT County A.D. 1853. EDITED BY CANON E. H. GoppDARD, F.S.A., RED GABLES, NURSTEED ROAD, DEVIZES. VO XEN Nos. 162—166. JUNE, 1935—JUNE, 1937. DEVIZES : C. H. WooDWARD, EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, STATION Roan. . JUNE, 1937. 1V CONTENTS OF VOL XLVII. Salisbury and Archdeacon of Wilts, 1674. Sheriff's Javelin Men and their Javelins. Miniature of Jane Seymour by Wenceslaus Hollar. Potterne 1850—1900, by T. Smith, copied from the original notes by Mr. Smith with illustrations by W. R. Smith. The Cartulary of Lewes Priory. Calstone Church. Oyster Shells used in Masonry of the 13th Century in Salisbury Cathedral. The Preservation of Avebury and its Surroundings. Early Telephones of Wiltshire make. The Arms of Mrs. Anne Earle, of Harpenden, Herts. Bronze Dagger, Ashton Keynes. The Straw Plaiting Industry in Wiltshire. Avebury Church, Roodloft. Highway Church. Aldbourne Church Bells. Stonehenge. Iron Sword from Battlesbury. La Téne I Fibula from Salisbury. Heraldry of Wiltshire. Interments at Bradenstoke Abbey. Cricklade Drainage. The Roman Road on Hinton Down S.E. of Wanborough Plain Farm. Earth Circle at Sudden Farm, Burbage. The Meux Excavation at Avebury. An Early Oil Painting of Salisbury” in® them huseuimare ener sae eee ee eee 265—292 Walts: (Obituary :s.eicbasteer ee oe ee Re eee ee eee 293—298 Wiltshire Books, ‘Pamiphiletss ands Articles: ae.e-e a eeeeeere 299-—310 Additions to Museum and Library.......... Saat Seika carer .. d11—312 Non CECE une, (SG The Eighty-Second General Meeting of the Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Society held at Hungerford, July 3lst, August Ist and 2nd, 1935......... 313— 320. An Old Malmesbury Minute Book: By Sir Richard H. Luce 321—326 A Grant by the Abbess of Wilton Dated 7 May, 28 Henry VIII, 15362 By Dhe Reve k= Werstote-Blandye nas -ccee 327— 329 A Medizval Dispute as to Right of Presentation to the Rectory of Somerford Magna: By Canon F. H. Manley 330—.334 Additional Notes with regard to Larmer, Wermere, Ashmore, and Tollard Royal Ponds: By the late Rev. W. Goodchild '..25 ..iscseaa at eae nee aun nce etcetera nee eee Reece 335—339 A Rate made this 19th Day of August anno Dom. 1695, for & towards the Repair of the P.ish Church of Calne, Etc., being Two Poor Rates: Transcribed by C. R. Everett 340—344 Box Parish Records—Sidelights on Life in a Wiltshire Village in the Basti by AS Shaws VMellonene ss een eeere 345—357 The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts: By Frank Stevens, O.B.E., FS LAG oo asc cheno aM etcetera ae 358—378 Notes on the Prebendal Mansion of Sherborne Monastery, commonly known as the King’s House, in the Close of Sarum. 1220—1850: By C. R. Everett, F S.G. ......... 379—405 CONTENTS OF VOL. XLVII. An Unrecorded Group of Barrows and other Earthworks at Bord mlanerstocks iy, |. bo. Si Stone; D,Phils -27.2..0..: Two Egyptian Limestone Scarabs found in Wiltshire: By tnewlaren Gaidenmmcleheanty I. S.A. sess cede ecrs cases cress Two Egyptian Limestone Scarabs found in Wiltshire: By 12, IL. ColllinGiny 12) 0G) Dy ye aeae aie met ines en nnean onan Wall Paintings formerly in Highworth Church: By Mrs. Vea euianimetom, Eon. FSA SCO. ici. cdes...scee ens: \WAILIES QUOUEUIG IY AAR amen orn ane ahr ive Can nn CE Mee ane Re en neenn Walshe books, Pamphlets, and Articles .......0-....0005..+++0: MNaGdnionssco Museum and Wibrary .4...:652....625..:--6.ssesess 4s Mecoumes on the society for the: Year W935.......2.0 6.0 4..css.. No. CLXV. DeEcEMBER, 1936. The Tomb of Lord Walter Hungerford, K.G., in Salisbury Cathedral: By Canon J. M. J. Fletcher, F.R.Hist.S.... The Monument of Robert, Lord Hungerford: by Canon ep vinmipetiletcherm uh IROENSES! 6) cinch hela cee An Enclosure on Boscombe Down East: By J. F. S. Stone, IBA voy dle, POUL: cee eka toe seracat tice eine tee yaec rt tite ae The FEighty-third General Meeting of the Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Society held at Swindon, August llth, 12th, and 13th, 1936............... Rome@moarcnows sy GM YOUNG. oc. ccc cess ecccs ewe tees: Ornamental Impressed Bricksat Bodorgan House, Ramsbury: ya ice Namminal ea Ebyde-Parker (52 42..2560012. 66.400... Lord Halifax and the Malmesbury Election in 1701: Transcribed by the Rev. A. L. Browne from Letters in ae IBoaliein UENO enAy. ceedese sp dok aon son en Coen eau seein ee Notes on Bury Wood Camp, Colerne, Wilts: By A. Shaw IMIG NOEs do 2oa08S coe SROSRE EO Or nec srea tn Gaeta AIS are ein are en ihesPortway at Newton Tony: By R. P. Wright............ Riddingion: By |). Lee Osborn, F.R-Hist:S..../...5..0....0.0.. Notes on the Courts Leet and Baron in Amesbury, Wilts: mC ee Gre TUES! Goh cet essa ane nist elidec ss does cdakint Notes.—The Amesbury Watch Bill in Salisbury Museum. Inglesham Church Wall-Paintings. An Earthen Circle at Stratton St. Margarets. Stonehenge, Human Markings of Ancient Origin. The Preservation of the Amenities of Old Sarum. Malmesbury Abbey, Roof Restoration Plans, by Sir H. Brakspear. Machine- breaking Riots at Pythouse Farm, Tisbury. A Painted Wooden Mace Stand at Salisbury. Polished Axe of Greenish-brown Stone. Straw Plaiting Industry in Wiltshire. The Roman Villa at Netheravon. Cloud V 406—411 412415 416—419 420—421 422430 431—440 441—442 443446 447—456 457—465 466—489 490—495 496—498 499 500 --503 504—512 513—516 517—520 521—525 vi CONTENTS OF VOL. XLVII. Bursts and Earthworks. The Mere Alabaster Tablet. Early Tobacco Pipe Maker. The Museum Library. Wiltshire Cuttings and Scraps. Overton and Fyfield Field Names. Bells preserved at Devizes Fire Station. Marlborough Castle. The end of the Courts Leet and Baron otithe Manor ot Great Sherstompes ase eee 526— 545 Wilts 6 @ bit uae 2 i recta ei clave lee sy eee re ti So cae 546—552 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Daticles Wace eee etree Selatan 553—568 Additions to Museum) anid! Wibraisy, =. note 569—571 ist of Members )....o5 40422 eh ace jaca one ec ioe Tr aee e 572—582 Now CE XOVil yun. alae Horns of Urus said to have been found in a Barrow at Cherhill : By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington, Hon. F.S.A. Scot. 583—586 River Captures near Devizes : By Lt.-Col. R. H. Cunnington 587—591 Salisbury and the Navigation of the Avon: By T. S. Willan 592—594 Notes on Churches: By the late Sir Harold Brakspear, KC.V.O., BS Asse eo i cnn de uees sae meee aa tae ee 595—607 The Old Belfry in the Close of the Canons of Salisbury : By. Canon (Mie Pletcher Ma Ac hake StS:eeee sree 608—616 Presidential Address at the Swindon Meeting of the Wilts Archeological Society, August ith, 1936: ~Byaak: Stevens, OB VERSA ee neon Malin saraec cess eee eee 617—631 Wall Paintings in Oaksey Church : By Canon E. H. Goddard, a oy. re co 5a ee ee yee econ! ebouceagaaases 632—636 Search for.Arms in Wiltshire in 1612: By 3B. -Howard Cunning ton, esa SCOb, a). ewiee enerece. eee aneeneer ener 637—639 A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down, Winterbourne Gunner, S.Wilts: By J. F.S.Stone, D.Phil. 640—660 Wiltshire Books, Pamphiets;and Articlesmc:s...-5--- a. errr 661—665 Additions to Museum/and Wibrany. cess 4 --ce ee coca rere 666— 668 Accounts of the Society. for the Year V9SG =) 669—672 Tndex 2to: Vol. SOTA ED ee cos os ee eee 673—747 [llustrations. The Saxon Arch in the N. Wall of the Nave of Britford Church, 5. Chiselbury Camp from the Air, 20. Woodland accredited to the Domesday Manors, 29 ; Geology Simplified and Position of the Chief ‘Forests,’ 30; Parish Boundaries and Woodland in the Vale of Pewsey, 32. Grey Friars of Salisbury—Plan and Plates I—V, 40. Plan of Ratfyn Area, Stone Axe Hammers, 56; Millmead, Ratfyn, Amesbury, Figs. 4, 5, and 6, 59; Figs. 7—13, 63. Easton Down, Winterslow, Plate I, Figs. 1—6, 69; Plate II, Plan of Dwelling Pits and Sections of Ashpit and Ditch on Easton Down, 73; Plate III, Implements from Beaker Dwelling Pits, Easton Down, 75; Plate IV, Skeleton of Dog from Ash Pit C, Easton Down, 76. Map of the Highworth district showing circles in the parishes of Latton, Blunsdon, CONTENTS OF VOL. XLVII. vil Highworth, Inglesham and Lechlade, 114. Section across bank and ditch of Circle No 16,117. Plate I, Common Farm, Highworth ; Plate II, North Leaze Farm, Highworth ; Plate III, Ashmead Brake, Blunsdon St. Andrews; Plate IV, The Sevenhampton Group of Circles, 120. Plan of Excavation at Totney Hill, Box, 170. Straw Splitter, 282. Iron Sword from Battlesbury, 285. La Téne I Fibula from Salisbury, 285. Section of Roman Road-and Lynchets S.E. of Wanborough Plain Farm, 287. Flint Saw and “ Petit Tranchet ’’ arrowhead from the original surface under the bank at Avebury, 288. An Early Oil Painting of Salisbury, 290. Hannington Manor, 307. Hannington Hall, 308. Tile Stamp in Winchester Museum, 359. Inlaid Paving of Wilts, Fig. 2; 362; Figs. 3 and 4, 363 ; Fig. 5, 366; Plates I—VII, 368—374. King’s House, 15th century; King’s House, 20th century ; East View of the King’s House before the alterations ; South-west View of the King’s House before the alterations ; East View of the King’s House since the alterations ; King’s House, Diocesan Training College, The Close, Salisbury, East Front, April, 1936, 384—385. Ford, Laverstock—Plate I, General Plan of Earthworks; Plate II, Aerial Photograph of Ende Burgh (Hand Barrows) and surrounding Earthworks; Plate III, Vessel from Cist 1, 408--409 Limestone Egyptian Scarab found at Ludgershall, 414; Limestone Egyptian Scarab found near Stonehenge, 415; Mural Painting formerly in Highworth Church ; Mural Painting of an Angel formerly in Highworth Church: Mural Inscription formerly in High- worth Church, 420—421. Plate I, Iron Grille of the Hungerford Chapel; Plate II, Tomb of Lord Walter Hungerford and his first wife ; Plate III, Interior of the Chantry Chapel of Lord Robert Hungerford - Plate IV, Mural Paintings in the Chantry Chapel of Lord Robert Hungerford before its destruction. Plate V, (a) Exterior of the Chantry Chapel of Lord Robert Hungerford; (b) Arms, &c., on Canopy; (c) Effigy of Lord Robert Hungerford, 456—457. Boscombe Down East, Plate I, 467 ; Plate II, 471 ; Plate III, 476; Plate IV, 479; Plate V, 481; Plate VI, 483. Ornamental Bricks from Bodorgan House. Ramsbury, 499; Plan of Bury Wood Camp, Colerne, 505. The Portway at Newton Tony, Figs. I and II, Plates III, 514—515. Inscription on Amesbury Watch Bill, 526. Amesbury Watch Bill, 527. Painted Wooden Mace Stand at Salisbury, 536, Polished Axe of ‘‘ Foreign ’’ Stone from Hilcot, 537. English Alabaster Tablet found near the site of Mere Castle, 540. Horn cores with part of skull of Urus (Bos primigenius) from Cherhill, 584, Pottery found with skull of Urus at Cherhill, 586. Perspective view from the N.E., of the Cathedral and Close of Salisbury showing the old Belfry, 609. Ground Plan of the Old Detached Belfry at Salisbury, 612. Vine pattern on the wall of the S. Aisle, Oaksey Church, 632. Figure of Lord and the Trades, on the wall of the S. Aisle of Oaksey Church, 634, A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down, Plate I, 641 ; Plate II, 642; Plate III, 645; Plate IV, 649 ; Plate V, 651; Plate VI, 655‘: Plate VII, 657. > Hii No. CLXII. JUNE, 1935. Vou. XLVIL. WILTSHIRE Archeeological & Natural History MAGAZINE, PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE Soc tnyyY NORMED IN THAT COUNTY A.D. 1853, EDITED BY CANON E. H. GODDARD, F.S.A., Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon. {The authors of the papers printed in this ‘‘ Magazine”’ are alone responsible for all statements made therein. | DEVIZES PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY C. H. Woopwarp, EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, STATION ROAD. Price 8s. Members, Gratis. NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols. Vili., Xvi. xxiv. and xxxii, The subsequent Volumes are each fully indexed separately. The annual subscription is 15s. 6d., the entrance fee for new Members is 10s. 6d. Life Membership £15 15s. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for the current year, are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. R. D. Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis, as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip- tions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear, and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre- tary: Canon E. H. Gopparp, F-.8.A., Red Gables, Nursteed Road, Devizes. : THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS. To be obtained of Mr. R. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas 4to., 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 1s. 0d. A few copies only. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo., 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston,M.A. Price to the Public 16s. ; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE or tuk STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE OF ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY'S MUSEUM. Part II. 2nd Edition, 1935. Illustrated. 2s. 6d. By post 3s. CATALOGUE or tHe SOCIETY’S LIBRARY ar toe MUSEUM. Price ls. APPENDIX No. I., II., and III., 3d. each. CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, 1n THE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY ar tor MUSEUM. Price 1s. 6d. CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS in tux SOCIETY’S COLLIECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBERS or tux MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 8s., 5s. 6d., and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. WILTSHIRE Archeological & Natural History MAGAZINE. No. Clit. JUNE 1935: Wot, SOL AWAUE Coiutents. PAGE. THE EIGHTY-FIRST GENERAL MEETING OF THE WILTSHIRE ARCHHOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY HELD AT SALISBURY, JULY 3lsT, AUGUST IST AND 2ND, 1934... 1— 6 EDINGTON Monastery : By the late Sir Harold Brakspear, HG @ AN © ral SHAG ree nee Ane, uicoatainia nicia ols Seis Sin Sraje nlbwic cusieain's ooe'ecagales 7— 19 CuismepunvencAnir 3 By IK. C.(C. Clay, .F.S.A. .....0.:.s0nceore 20— 24 WOODLAND IN WILTSHIRE AT THE TIME OF THE DOMESDAY ISO Orel gulic VN ce MEOPEATY [2))j apices sslecieiv's se ciclsele 6 om sivesio cess 25— 33 MusEuUM MAINTENANCE FUND APPEAL, 1934 ..............000% 34— 35 CREWE NRS On, SALISBURY::; By A. G. Little ............... 36— 54 SOME DISCOVERIES AT RATFYN, AMESBURY, AND THEIR BEARING ON THE DATE OF WOODHENGE: By J. F. 5. SitOIn@;: 1B, Aap JD Blob eee eer Sanco a see Ter Con cCO eerie ane ner onaneerne 55— 67 EXCAVATIONS AT EASTON Down, WINTERSLOw, 1933—1934 : IEW Wo JBs: Ss SiO nssesaesar oc iihe senor en She sc an Aan are ens ener 68— 80 TROUBLES OVER IMBER BROOK IN THE REIGN OF KING CHARLES 2ND : By B. Howard. Cunnington, F-.S.A., SCO. ‘coocdod dae POC HO COMNOO UD OS Oe ROC ROO Oe One ate een n nase 8i— 84 REPORT ON THE BIRDS OF WILTSHIRE FOR 1934: Edited by C. M. R. Pitman, 39, Ramodart Road, Salisbury...... 85—113 EARTHEN CIRCLES NEAR HIGHWORTH: By Major G. W. G. PMS Gl AGO) PAS S TIN ONC hee acislaenlncees oscismales ia cosy canes eee 22 SN TILTRS OUSIGRUODNT RII ei are By Er ern CUI ar eo Lane i 123—135 WornrsHire BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND ARTICLES ............... 136—160 EMD DILMONS GO) MUSEUM “AND: LIBRARY, J... oc: 2-ce>osscesssse oes 161—164 IMCCOUNES OF THE SOCIETY FOR DHE YEAR W934 ...2c..-..-: 165—168 iB ILLUSTRATIONS. The Saxon Arch in the; N. Wall of the Nave_of Britford OASUU NG) Ohara eis Aras oe Gann Senge RM RAE MRR tos Gc anG bee dgoCmS 00 6.0 ChiselburysCanapetrom=utive Aut y.. jsc 2s. eect eeeeee ee ace e ee eeeee Woodland accredited to the Domesday Manors =..-2-. 4. Geology Simplified and Position of the Chief ‘‘ Forests ”’ Parish Boundaries and Woodland in the Vale of Pewsey Grey Friars of Salisbury—Plan and Plates I—V ............... Rian of Ratiyn: Anea. Stone Axed amimencwrsccse eee eee Millmead, Ratfyn, Amesbury, Figs. 4, 5, and 6............ bs a i Figs. 7-=)3eeine eee Easton Down, Winterslow, Plate I, Figs. 1—6.................. Plate 11, Plan of Dwelling Pits and Sections of Ashpit and: Ditch onsBaston.Dowm .4::02 casa eee Plate III, Implements from Beaker Dwelling Pits, EVs tom DO Wasson to Paras woie orlelsiecord ciess-ossine viele On 0: eee EEE Plate IV, Skeleton of Dog from Ash Pit C, Easton DO wane ew TinbETSlowe ee eee nan ane ate teas Weber Map of the Highworth district showing circles in the parishes of Latton, Blunsdon, Highworth, Inglesham and Irechilade rs hac. eet ate an dlee tour nasan een ee een eee ee Eee Section acrossibank and ditch of Circle INO IG yee Plate I; Common Farm, Highworth; Plate II, North Leaze Farm, Highworth ; Plate III, Ashmead Brake, Blunsdon St. Andrews; Plate IV, The Seven- aM EO Gar Oupuot-C ir eles csa.6 aece/sen sono eee cnn ee 114 117 120 DEvIZEs :—C. H. WooDWARD, EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, STATION RoapD. THE WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. ‘“MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’’—Ovid. IN@ = GlEcLE: JUNE, 1935. W Oils OILNWAUL, tit ehiGHTtY-PERST GENERAL MEETING OF Toi Wier sSMikE ARCH AOLOGICAL. AND NATURAL HISPORY SOCIETY HELD AT SALISBURY Jury 31st, Aucust IsT, anpD 2npD, 1934! TUIESIDAM, JUIN Bilscs This was the eighth meeting held by the Society at Salisbury, the last having been ten years previously. The proceedings began with the Annual General Meeting held in the Lecture Room of the Museum, by kind permission of the Committee and the Controller, Sir Harold peaks wea Ke©.N/.©., bys 7A the President of the Society, being in the chair. After the reading of the previous year’s minutes, the President called on the Hon. Secretary to read the report. THE REPORT, 1933—34. ““ Membership.cOn June Ist, 1934, the number of members was : One honorary member, 18 hfe members, and 403 annual members, 422 in all; one less than in 1933 and 20 less than in 1931. Finance.—The General Fund began 1933 with a balance of £453 19s. 1d. and ended the year with one of £493 16s., which, however, included a debt from the Museum Maintenance Fund of £40, so that in fact the year almost exactly paid its own expenses. The heaviest item was, of course, as usual, the publication of the two numbers of the Magazine, which cost £250 4s. 10d. 1 The fullest account of the meeting was given in the Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 2nd, 9th, and 16th, 1934, and Salisbury Journal, Aug. 3rd. VOL. XLVII,—NO. CLXII. B 2 The Eighty-first General Meeting. The sale of Magazines, etc., during the year brought in £18 3s. 6d., and the balance on the annual and single day excursions amounted to £16 Is. 9d. The Museum Maintenance Fund beginning the year with a balance of £11 12s., 10d. ended it with a debt of £32 16s. 7d., being obliged to borrow from the General Fund in order to pay its way. The heaviest expense was the provision of the new card catalogue of the Library. This cost £41 2s. 6d., of which £32 was paid for the services of a pro- fessional cataloguer. There was also a heavy item of £15 4s. 10d. for necessary repairs. | The subscriptions for the year amounted to £29 4s., and the payments for admission to the Museum were £7 13s. 7d. The Museum Enlargement Fund _ increased during 1933 from £410 17s. 4d. to £444 9s. 2d. This increase included one donation of £10 and the rent of the caretaker’s house, and interest. The Museum Purchases Fund increased from £128 Ils. to £132 2s. The Life Membership Fund, from which one-tenth is annually paid to the General Fund, decreased from £89 5s. ld. to £82 7s. The small funds, for the printing of Bishop Simon of Ghent’s Register, £6 17s. 6d., and the Wansdyke Fund, £4 8s. 9d., remained as before. The Bradford Barn Account, beginning with a balance of £41 17s., increased to £53 5s. 4d. at the end of the year. The whole of this sum will probably be spent in repairs during the current year. The Museum.—The new edition of Part II of the Catalogue of Antiquities is now in the printer’s hands, and will be issued it is hoped, in the near future. The chief event connected with the Museum during the past year has been the disastrous robbery which has deprived the Society’s collections of a number of valuable bronze implements. Although suspicion pointed in the direction of a former depredator, it proved impossible to bring home the crime, or to recover the lost objects. As a consequence of this theft, the Museum has been put to a heavy expense in re-placing the existing locks by thief-proof fastenings for all cases. -The Committee regrets that Mrs. Springford, the caretaker at the Museum for the last 15 years, finds it necessary to resign the post. They wish to express their entire satisfaction ‘with the work she has done for the Museum during the whole of that period. The Libvary.—Amongst many gifts during the past year, the most important were the results of Captain Cunnington’s examination of the contents of Messrs. Jackson’s ‘‘lumber room,’’ and the consequent addition to the Library of some hundreds of old Wiltshire deeds, as well as several valuable Court Rolls and Manor Accounts, which but for the kindness of Messrs. Jackson and the patient industry of Captain Cunnington would have been destroyed. The number of Books of General Reference, too, has been increased by the purchase of the Great. Dictionary of National Biography, with a grant from the General Fund The Eighty-first General Meeting. 3 The Magazine—The two half-yearly numbers have been issued punctually, and again the Society has to thank several writers of papers for donations towards the cost of the illustrations. Excavations.—Dr. Stone has excavated dwelling pits of Neolithic Age, an Early Iron Age ditch stockaded on both sides at Winterbourne Dauntsey, described in the Magazine, and a remarkable barrow contain- ing only a skull, the account of which will appear in the December number. Mr. A. D. Passmore excavated and described in the Magazine the Giant’s Caves Long Barrow at Luckington. Mr. Alexander Keiller hasebeen ensaved on an elaborate excavation of the course of the Kennet Avenue at Avebury, the results of which so far as they had been carried, were shown to members attending the single day’s excursion in June. In the south of the county Dr. Borenius had been carrying out extensive diggings on the site of the Palace of Clarendon. The annual meeting at Winchester, though not attended by quite so many members as have sometimes been present at meetings within the county, was very successful and much enjoyed by those who were present. The single day’s excursion on June 6th, 1934, was a great success, over a hundred members and friends being present. Proceedings began on the site of the excavations now being carried out along the line of the Kennet Avenue at Avebury, by Mr. Alexander Keiller, who gave a very full account of the work already accomplished, including the finding of a buried stone, and of what remained to be done in the future. Huis statement that he proposed to re-erect the fallen stones of the Kennet Avenue, and afterwards to examine the course of the supposed Beckhampton Avenue was warmly applauded by all present. From Avebury the cars drove through Marlborough and over the Common to Rockley, following the down track from that point to the foot of Barbury Castle, where after a picnic lunch, Mr. H. C. Brentnall gave a most interesting address on Barbury, followed by Dr. Wilhams Freeman on the history of the great hill forts. Tea at Avebury, to which the cars returned via Wroughton, brought an instructive and enjoyable day toa close. The Council for the Preservation of Rural England.—The Wiltshire Branch of the C.P.R.E., which was formed some time ago, is now in full working order, and at the quarterly meetings of the committee much excellent work has been done towards the preservation of the amenities of Old Sarum, the war against litter and ill-placed advertisements, the advancement of town and country planning, the preservation of the scarcer plants of the county, the arrangement of electric power lines, etc. Our own Society is affiliated to the Council but it is most desirable that the Council should be supported by the largest possible body of public opinion in the county. At present there are about 200 members, but this number should be largely increased. Will anyone who is interested in the many sided work of the C.P.R.E. and is not already a member, send a sum of not less than 2s. 6d. to the treasurer, Colonel B 2 4 The Eighty-first General Meeting. R. W. Awdry, Little Cheverell, Devizes, and ask to be enrolled as a subscribing member of the Council ?”’ The Report having been adopted, the President proposed the election of Mr. Frank Stevens, O.B.E., F.S.A., as President for the next year. This was carried unanimously. Mr. Stevens, whilst thanking the Society, took the opportunity of impressing on the meeting the fact that the County of Wilts has no arms of its own, whilst many other counties have. He felt that it was most desirable that the County Council should be approached as to this, and that it was fitting that the Society should be the body to move in the matter. He went on to say that he thought it was quite time that Wiltshire antiquities were reported on by the Royal Commission. Other counties with less claim to interest than Wiltshire had been reported on, and the bulk of the necessary work for the purpose was already to hand in the volumes of the Magazine, and the Bibliography of Wilts. Mr. Stevens then pro- posed the re-election of the officers of the Society en bloc. This was carried unanimously, together with the election of two new members. The proposal that the county should obtain a grant of arms was remitted for consideration to the Committee of the Society. At the conclusion of the business meeting, members went over the Museum, greatly enlarged of late, and were entertained at tea by Mr. and Mrs. Stevens in a tent in the Museum grounds. After tea, members and their friends divided into two parties, who were conducted over several of the most interesting houses in the Close by Mr. H. Messenger, Mr. Jacobs, and others. Mompesson House, the Garden of the North Canonry, and the Jacobs’ House, were amongst those visited. The annual dinner was held at the White Hart at 7 p.m., after which a public reception of the Society by the Mayor (Mr. E. J. Case) and Mayoress took place at the Guildhall. The Mayor referred to the photographs of all the old buildings of the city which had been taken by the Ancient Buildings Committee. The President of the Society, in thanking the Mayor, suggested that a large scale ordnance map, with the exact position of all these ancient buildings marked upon it, would add much to their interest, and be a valuable record for the future. Sir Harold Brakspear then read his paper on Edington Monastery, dealing especially with the site of the monastic buildings, which he con- tended were not in contact with the N. wall of the Church. This concluded the day’s proceedings. WAS DINE S DAYS AUG USI lisa The long string of motor cars left the Market Place at 9.30, the first stop being at Bishopstone Church, where the Rector, the Rev. W. Williams, pointed out the chief features. He was followed by Sir Harold Brakspear, who spoke of the Church as one of the most beautiful in the county, comparable with Edington in North Wilts, to which it bore a considerable resemblance. He regarded the very curious arched and groined annexe at the end of the transept, as a founder’s tomb. I 4 a1 Japun sem YyoInyD ey) ys]IyM Usye} Ydeisojoyd pjo ue wos] | ‘YOINYD P10} JO 9APN 9Y} JO TIPAA “N OU} UL YOIY UOXRS oY] Aq yoy Ajpursy °u01e4103 The Eighty-first General Meeting. 5 From this point the cars proceeded to Broad Chalke Church, where the Vicar, the Rev. J. F. Fuller, gave an interesting address on the Church and the history of the parish. Here also Sir Harold Brakspear spoke on the chief features of the Church. Leaving the Church the party walked to the grounds of the Old Rectory close by, where the remarkable gardens, laid out originally by the late Mr. Maurice Hewlett, the novelist, were thrown open by the present owner. Formed out of an old water meadow into a series of terraced gardens, with streams, and pools and miniature falls, the whole effect is perhaps unique—it certainly is in Wiltshire—with the added interest of unusual plants, especially Tvopg@olum speciosum ramping over the high yew hedges round one of the lly ponds. From this point the cars went on to the head of the Chalke Valley, where at Norrington Manor House, the large party were most kindly received by Mr. and Mrs. Parham who threw the whole house open to them from the coal cellars to the bedrooms. This was really the great attraction of the first day’s excursion. Few of the members had seen it, for the house lies far off the main road—at the head of the valley. It is a most picturesque and interesting building retaining many of its features uninjured and unmodernised. From 1377, when John Gawen bought the property and built the earlier portion of the house, the porch, the hall, and the groined cellar under it, until the reign of Elizabeth it remaimed im that family. Water it passed into the hands of the Wyndhams. Sir Harold Brakspear spoke on the most interesting architectural features of the house. From this point the cars went on to Berwick St. John, where lunch was ready in the Village Hall. After lunch the long string of cars proceeded to Chiselbury Camp, Monon es © Clay, Kis.A, gave an excellent address on the general characteristics and life of the Early [ron Age in general, and of this earthwork which belongs to that age in particular. Leaving the Camp at 4.15, the party stopped for tea at Broad Chalke and then went home to Salisbury. iiterevenime meetine was held at 8 pum. im the Lecture Hall of the Museum, where the Hon. Lady Hulse, President of the Museum Committee, received the members, and Dr. Tancred Borenius, Ph. D., Delite cave an address illustrated’ by lantern slides on ‘’ Recent Excavations in Clarendon Park.’’ The weather had been threatening during the late afternoon, but it was not until the evening that steady Yain setin. This was the only occasion during the meeting that the weather interfered at all with the proceedings. TIBI OURSIDASG ANOKECIOS IE A810). The motors and charabancs again left the Market Place at 9.30, and Madenune Tmst Stop av ISritiord, Church, where the Vicar (the Rev. J. B. Jackson) first described the building and was followed by Sir Harold Brakspear, who spoke on the remarkable Saxon work here. He was inclined rather to doubt whether the present inner south door is really of Saxon date as it has generally been supposed to be. 6 The Eighty-first General Meeting. Downton Church was the next stopping place. Here again the Vicar (the Rev. John Robinson) acted as guide, and the President supple- mented his address. From here the cars went on to Fordingbridge Church where Sir H. Brakspear again spoke on the features of the Church, especially the remarkable roof and woodwork of the north aisle of the chancel. After seeing the Church, members made their way to the Greyhound Hotel where lunch was ready for them at | o’clock. Leaving at 2 o'clock, the cars went on to Breamore House and Church, which though over the Hampshire border are in the diocese of Salisbury. This was one of the chief attractions of this day’s excursion. The house was most kindly thrown open to members by the Hon. Lady Hulse, who showed members round herself, assisted by Sir Westrow Hulse, Bt., who spoke on the history of the house and more particularly showed and described the very interesting collection of family plate, The pictures, the miniatures, and the large assemblage of oriental porcelain were also of great interest to members. The Church of Breamore, one of the most complete examples of a Saxon Church in the south of England, was described by the Rector, Canons Wer Allen At Longford Castle, which was the last item on the programme, though Lord and Lady Radnor were away from home, they had most hospitably provided tea in a tent in the grounds for members, who were taken over the Castle in small parties at the same time by various members of the household staff, so that all the many treasures of the house could be seen comfortably without crowding. So ended a very good day’s excursion and a very pleasant and successful meeting, in which a larger number of members (112 tickets were taken) and their friends took part, than has been the case for some years, and a sub- stantial balance was carried to the Society’s General Account. The large number of cars present made the problem of parking and of keep- ing the programme time even more difficult than usual, but so excellent were the meeting secretary's arrangements that the whole proceedings were carried through almost to the minute. POUGhON MONASTERY ; BY THE LATE SIR HAROLD BRAKSPEAR, K.C.V.O., F.S.A. [Presidential address at the Salisbury Meeting of the Society, July 3l1st, 1934.] The history of the Monastery of Edington by Canon Jackson was printed in the XXth volume of the WV agazine and is so exhaustive that it would seem impossible to say anything further about this curious establishment. The whole of the manor of Edington, with that of Ashton, was given by King Edgar to his newly founded nunnery of Romsey in 968. At Domesday these manors contained some 70 hides of land, of which 15 hides and 3 virgates, in the time of King Edward the Confessor could not be separated from the Church.! Among holders of this latter land were the progenitors of the family that took its name from the place, and from whom descended the famous Bishop of Winchester, William of Edyndon. The Bishop, doubtless for the love he bore his native place, desired to found a chantry of secular priests in the parish Church of Edington ; which was allocated to one of the four prebends of the Abbey of Romsey. Such an object at this period was not an easy matter to perform owing to the Statute of Mortmain which had become law in 1279 and forbade any gift of land to the Church, as in it’s hands land was no longer hable to feudal dues. So whenever any land was proposed to be given for a religious object it could only be done with the direct licence of the King, and to obtain such licence an inquisition had to be held. Such inquisitions were generally taken by the escheator of the county, before a jury, to enquire what damage, if any, it would be to the King or any other for the gift to be made. These inquisitions upon land to be given to Edington, and various licences in the patent rolls in connexion therewith, throw a fresh light upon the foundation of the Bishop, they even suggest the position of the lodging of the priests and afterwards of the monastic buildings. The writ for the first inquisition was dated on the 18th November, 1351, and addressed to Thomas de la Ryvere, the King’s escheator in the county of Wilts, to enquire if it would be any damage to the King or any Other to permit John of Edyndon? to assign to the wardens and Chaplains of a chantry to be founded in the prebendal Church of Edyndon by William of Edyndon, Bishop of Winchester, for daily celebrations for the health and the souls of the King and the said Bishop, two messuages, two mills, one dovecote and certain land in Edyndon, Cotterige and Suthwyke.’ " Dom. Wilts,-52. * This John of Edyndon, who is called the elder in other places, was apparently the brother of the Bishop and father of John of Edyndon, Canon of Salisbury and prebendary of Edington. mOnonuliign asged. t.30%,. Ue 8 Edington Monastery. This land was the original endowment of the chantry, and the words “to be founded’ shew that the chantry was then intended though not in actual being. Formal approval was obtained from the Bishop of Salisbury, with the consent of the Abbey of Romsey, to appropriate the advowson of the prebend of Edyndon, with the Chapel of North Bradley to it appended with a messuage and 2 acres, to the new chantry, and this was confirmed later by the King.’ The chantry was founded for three priests, of whom one was to be warden, and he was to continue to hold the rank of Romsey. Three other priests were to be added when the revenues of Edington Church should be obtained, and three others when the returns of Buckland Church, near Faringdon, should allow.? The priests were directed to be housed in two buildings, the warden and two chaplains in one, and the rest in the other, but all were to be within the same dwelling-house, and they were to eat together.* The size of the old Church and the churchyard could not have been very great. On the north side was the land and the manor house of the Abbess of Romsey, part of whose garden was to the west of the Church and her land was also on the east, while the south side was occupied by the highway. It was therefore difficult to procure the necessary accommodation for housing the priests immediately adjacent to the Church but part of the first endowment seems to have included this accommodation at no great distance. As the projected chancel for the accommodation of the chantry extended up to, if not beyond, the original eastern boundary of the churchyard, the founder obtained from the Abbess, in July of 1352, one half-acre and 10 perches of arable contiguous to the Church of Edyndon, and three half-acres and 24 perches of meadow contiguous to the dwelling-house or close of the warden for its enlargement.’ It is recorded by Leland, from a Latin book in the Monastery, that “bishop William of Hedington laid the first stone of the house or monastery of Hedington on the 3 July, 1352.”’° As the Monastery was not then even thought of it is obvious that this foundation was that of the chantry or rather of the new chancel to accommodate the chantry. The work was obviously set out in the usual way to the east of the old Church so that the services could be conducted in the remaining part of the Church until.the new building was ready for use. There is no evidence that the Bishop at this time intended to build anything but the chancel and there is no record when the chancel was finished. It is probable however that it and the lodgings of the priests were com- pleted within five years or less; so that when the Black Prince came Rot. Pate Bla Wilerons2)emkts 4s 4 Wilis Arch. Magi, xx, 247. 2 IOC: ONS. 4 Wilts Arch. Mag., xx, 250, from a deed in Madox’s Formulare, 165. 5 Lel. Jiin.; vi, 48. Byethe tate Sty Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.0.,.F.S.A. 9 home in 1357 the college was in full operation with twelve priests under the wardenship of William Scarlett. Leland says that :— ‘“ Prince Edward called the Blak Prince had a great favor to the Bones Homes beyond seas. Whereupon cumming home he heartily besought Bishop Hedington to chaunge the ministers of his college into Bones Homes.’’! If this story is correct the idea seems to have concurred with that of the Bishop, who armed with the influence of the Prince immediately set about to make the change, though the college was not as yet inter- fered with. In fact Scarlett had resigned and William of Sevenhampton was appointed his successor, by the Bishop after this date; and most of the land to enable the change to be made was given to the warden and Chaplains. A difficulty that confronted the founder was that the Church as already stated was surrounded by land belonging to the Abbey of Romsey so that without acquiring this the buildings required for the Monastery could not be built in the normal manner adjoining the Church. There seems to have been an insuperable difficulty in securing land in this position, so, incredible as it may seem, the Bishop appears to have decided to build the Monastery on the site of the existing houses of the priests which, as later evidence will show, were some 100 yards away from the Church. Even then it was necessary to acquire additional land and make alterations in order to allow the Monastery to be erected. To which end on the 23rd February, 1358, it was found, by enquiry at New Sarum, that it would be no damage to allow John of Edyndon the elder to grant to Romeseye Abbey a messuage and one acre of land in Edyndon, in exchange for a plot of land belonging to the Abbey garden in that vill on the west side of the Church, 74 perches long by 2 perches broad, and another piece on the east side of the Church 19 perches long by 4 perches broad, which said two parcels the said John would assign to the warden and Chaplains of the chantry in the prebendal Church of Edyndon, newly founded by William of Edyndon, Bishop of Winchester to hold, &c. Also to allow the said John to grant to the said wardens and chaplains a messuage and 1 acre 10 perches of land in the said vill, contiguous to the churchyard, for the enlargement thereof. And to allow the said wardens and Chaplains to enclose and build over a certain piece of land, belonging to the highway there, con- tiguous to their dwelling-house, containing 16 perches 6ft. in length and 10ft. in breadth, for the enlargement of the same, provided that they assign another way of the same length and breadth on their ground there sufficient for passers by on the south side of their dwelling-house.* This transaction was licenced by the King, in which licence the parcel next the west end of the Church is described as ‘“‘ with a watercourse from the head of the stank called le Florspol 74 the parcel) at theveast “ILS, Es, Gl, OS, ©” CHGibs LAGloy AsG\Gloy tig BSD), P. 10 Edington Monastery. end of the Church is described as half-an-acre; and there is an additional parcel of land not included in the inquisition ‘‘ between the rectory and the churchyard 16 perches long by I1ft. wide.’’ The messuage to be assigned by John of Edyndon is described as some time of Walter Michel and was given for the enlargement of the dwelling- house and the churchyard.! On the 29th March, 1358, the Bishop of Salisbury gave formal licence for the foundation of the Monastery, which states that :— “Whereas some years ago the reverend Father in Christ William by the grace of God, bishop of Winchester, . . . founded in the parish church of Edyndon, in the diocese of Salisbury, the vill whence he derived his birth, a perpetual chantry of certain secular chaplains for the health of his own soul, those of his parents and others of the faith, for the praise and worship of God and in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Katharine and All Saints, under which title the said parish church had been dedicated, and did further endow the same sufficiently for the maintenance of the said chaplains and other things necessary for the said chantry. But he has long since desired and still earnestly desires that the chantry and secular church united with it may be elevated into a religious house wherein may be settled, as it is hoped, for the per- petual service of God and his most blessed Virgin Mother brethren of the order of St. Augustine commonly called Boni Homines We therefore approving this pious intention, with the con- sent of our chapter of Salisbury and all concerned decree that the said chantry and secular church shall be elevated into a house of religious.’’ ? Leland recites that the Bishop to carry out the desire of the Black Prince ‘“‘entreated his collegians to take that ardre (the Bonhomme) and so they did all, saving the Deane. Hedington sent for ij of the Bones Homes of Asscherugge to rule the other xij of his college. The elder of the ij that came from Asscherugge was callid John Ailesbyri and he was the first rector at Hedington.”’ * This Aylesbury obtained licence to become Rector of Edington from the Bishop of Lincoln in December, 1357, he was instituted to Edington by the deed of Robert Wyvil, Bishop of Salisbury, the 12th April, and was inducted on the 14th April, 1358. # On the 27th June, 1358, an inquisition was taken, at Edyndon, when it was found that it would be no damage to the King to allow the Abbey of Romeseye to assign to the Rector and brethren of the chantry in the prebendal Church of Edyndon, a certain way on their soil in Edyndon, between the Church there and the site of the Rectory, 42 perches in length and 1 perch 34ft. in breadth, and another plot of ground in the garden of Richard le Nyweman there, 4 perches in length and | perch in breadth, both contiguous to the dwelling-house of the said 5 ROU IEG OP) 12.5 WI, D> Il, as Bek, 2 Mon. Ang., vi, 536. » Ue, Tae nie, OS, “Wilts Arch. Mag., xx, 2538. ly ihe laie,Siw Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.0., F:S.A. 11 Rector and brethren to hold, &c., in exchange for a piece of land under the Chapel of St. Ethelfleada in that vill 30 perches long by 20ft. wide and | acre of land there, to be given to the Abbey by John of Edyndon the elder.’ And licence for the same was given by the King on the 4th July? On the 16th July the King confirmed all the gifts that had been made both to the chantry and Monastery stating that: Whereas William of Edyndon, Bishop of Winchester, with the King’s licence lately founded a chantry of certain chaplains in the prebendal Church of Edyndon, the King confirmed grants by the Bishop to the warden and chap- lains of the chantry, of lands in Edyndon in the county of Wilts and the advowson of the said prebendal Church and of the Chapel of Bradley annexed thereto in the conventual Church of Romeseye, of the advowson of the Church of Bokeland, one acre of land in Steepallavington and the advowson of the Church there. And by John of Edyndon, the elder, of two messuages and two virgates of land in Edyndon ; ofa messuage, two mills and land in Edyndon, late of William of Sweltenham, with the suit of the mills and other appurtenances ; of a messuage, a dovecot, lands, and 10d. and 1lb. of cummin of rent in Coterugge, late of John of Cheyny ; with reversion of other land in Coterugge and Suthwyk- And of a messuage and land in Edyndon purchased of Walter, son of Roger Michel, of Edyndon, common of pasture for eight oxen in Edyndon and Tinhide which he had of the grant of Isabel, Abbess of Romeseye and the convent there beyond the like of common which he had of the grant of Joan late Abbess and convent of the same place. And by the Abbess and convent of land in Edyndon for the enlargement of their dwelling-house, to hold in free alms as by his letters patent is more fully contained. The Bishop has now made supplication that inasmuch as with all necessary consents the chantry is erected and there are put there a Rector and brethren of the order of St. Augustine commonly called Bonhommes, the King will confirm this with all grants previously made to the warden and Chaplains of the chantry as well as a grant made before this of the advowson of the Church of Colleshulle which with the Churches named above were all in the tenure of such wardens and Chaplains as appropriated to the said Monastery. And also grants made with the King’s licence by the Abbess and convent, of a plot of land out of their garden with a watercourse running from the head of the stank called le Horspol,® one half acre of land in Edyndon, and another plot of land between the Rectory and churchyard for the enlargement of the dwelling-house of the Rector and brethen. By thesaid John of Edyndon to the warden and Chaplains aforesaid a messuage and land sometime of Walter Michel for the enlargement of the said dwelling-house and eiinohyvards By the, Abbess and convent to the ‘said Rector and brethren of a way in Edyndon between the Church and Rectory, and “Chan. Ing., a.q.d. f. 329, 14. 7 RO, Jeo 389 1. IU, jo Ap wate Bes ® Stancum, a pond or tank. 12 Edington Monastery. another plot of land out of the garden of Richard le Nyweman for the enlargement of their dwelling-house. And the King for the security of the rector and brethren confirms their estate in the Church of Edyndon with all the Chapel annexed, the churches of Bokeland, ! Stepellavington and Coleshull and all the said grants to possess the same in free alms, whether the same could be said to be held of him either by part of a barony or by knights service, grand or petty serjeantry, or he might have any other title to them.” And so the Monastery was confirmed in all its lands and possessions that had been given to the chantry as well as to the brethren direct. A word may be said here about the nature of the order of Bonhommes. The editors of The Monasticon say that by some they have been con sidered mystics, but that Tanner speaks of them as friars. Ashridge, apparently the only other house of the order in England, was founded by Edmund, the son and heir of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, in honour of the blood of the Holy Jesus. He had bought this relic in Germany and gave one third to his father’s Abbey of Hayles, in Gloucestershire, and two thirds to Ashridge. Ashridge was called a college, was richly endowed for the maintenance of twenty clerks of whom thirteen were to be priests, and was governed by a Rector.’ Dr. Rose Graham disclaims any relationship between the Bonhommes of Grandmont and those of Ashridge and Edington, though there is a certain similarity. The former like the latter were always called brethren and never monks or Canons: they wore ‘‘ sackcloth next their skins, that is clothing made of very coarse flax or hemp, and over that a brown tunic, a scapula or short cloak with a round hood, woollen gaiters and leather shoes.’’® Edington is once described as of the order of Grandmont in a Papal Register, but no case occurs of it or Ashridge being found in conjunction with the three English Grandmontine houses of Grosmont, Creswell and Alderbury. These three houses were regular cells of Grandmont whereas neither Ashridge or Edington were ever treated as alien. The Bonhommes of Edington are never once referred to in the various Edington documents as Canons but always as brethren and sometimes as “‘ brethren of the house of the order of St. Augustine of Edyndon.”’ In the Edington cartulary is a document giving the full scheme of the foundation and in this the brethren were ordered to wear “‘ grey tunics with scapulars of the same shorter than the tunics and with hoods of competent size. Also to have cloaks of the same colour down to their feet. The rector and brethren to have decent large round capes of grey when they go abroad and to wear linen next the body except on the nether limbs. All were to sleep in garments of wool or hemp.”’ ® This does not sound like the costume of an Austin Canon whose ‘ Buckland, Berks. 2 Rot. Pat 32. Wl kp enema, *Mon.Ang.) v1. * Archeologia. Mond. & Wilts Aych. Mag., xx, 256. By the laie Siv Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.O., F.S.A. 13 “habit was a long black cassock with a white rochet over it and over that a black cloak and hood,”’ and while monks were shaved, Canons wore beards and caps on their heads.’ In the south transept of the Church of Edington is an effigy of one of the brethren wearing the gar- ments as specified in the orders, the long tunic down to the feet, the scapular hanging down in front and the long cloak, with the hood, fastened with cords at the neck, the face is shaved and the head is tonsured. Mr. Kite described this effigy in 1902,” and remarked upon the dress being similar to that of a friar rather than a Canon, but as it had been usually described as that of a Canon of St. Augustine he seems to have been timid of pronouncing it as that of a friar. Thomas Fuller, however, says ‘‘ The Bonshommes or Good men, being also Eremites, were brought over to England by Richard, earl of Cornwall, in the reign of King Henry III his brother; so styled (not exclusively of other orders) but eminently because of their signal good- Hesse Lhese Bonhommes tho begsine Eryars (the poorest of orders) and eremites the most sequestered of begging Fryars had two (and I believe no more) convents in England, absolutely the richest in all the land (monks only excepted) the one at Ashridge in Bucks. It was valued at the Dissolution at £447 8s. 63d. The other at Edington in Wiltshire . . . valued when dissolved at £521 12s. Od.”’? From this it is obvious that Fuller had no doubt of the brethren of Edington being Austin friars, though he may have been led astray by reading fratres as friars and not as brethren. One point must not be ignored, which is, that Paul Bush ‘‘ about 1530 became a student at Oxford and five years after took the degree of B.A. He became a brother of the order of Bonhommes and after studying among the friars of St. Austin (now Wadham college) was elected rector of his order at Edington,’ * from which it would seem that there was a distinct relationship between the Bonhommes and the Austin friars. There are however difficulties in accepting the view that the brethren of Edington were friars, for the house of Edington was richly endowed, which friars’ houses were not; the brethren appear to have led a secluded life in their Monastery and not to have travelled from place to place as Austin friars ; and the house was not included in the visitation of the other friars’ houses in Wiltshire. From the fact that the original brethren at Edington were all priests, and at the foundation of Ashridge there were to be twenty clerks of which thirteen were to be priests, it would appear that the Bonhommes might have a claim to be called Canons regular in the same way as was done in later days by the Trinitarians. If some information could be obtained as to where the Bonhommes originated and were met with in France by Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, in the first place, and by the Black Prince a hundred years later, it a "Mon. Ang., vi. * Wilts N. & Q. Church Has... vi. sec. 1, 24,25. * Wilts Arch. Mag., xx, 279. 14 Edington Monastery. might be possible to state more definitely the class of religious to which they belonged. Until such information can be found it is safer to call the Bonhommes of Edington by the title they receive in some of the charters, namely, brethren of the order of St. Augustine of Edyndon, rather than risk an inaccuracy by calling them either Canons or friars. Leland stated, again on the authority of the Latin book already mentioned, that ‘‘ on the 16 September, 1358, was the first tonsure of the brethren,’’) meaning that the secular priests then took upon them- selves the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, were tonsured in token thereof, and so became regular religious. It is doubtful if this date is correct, as the rector was inducted on the 14th April, land was given to the rector and brethren on the 27th July and the general confirmation charter to the founder stating that a rector and brethren of the order of St. Augustine, commonly called Bonhommes, were installed was dated on the 27th June. The Bishop had before this proceeded with the rebuilding of the entire Church, but it was not yet completed. He had also been erecting the new buildings of the Monastery, contiguous to the former dwelling- house of the warden of the chantry, and had surrounded the same with an embattled wall without the licence of the King. How William of Edington, Chancellor of England, could have been guilty of this infringe- ment of the King’s rights is not easy to understand, but apparently his excuses were acceptable, for on the 9th October, 1359, the King issued letters patent stating that :— ‘“We of our especial grace, and at the request of the venerable father William of Edyndon bishop of Winchester, have pardoned the said bishop and our beloved in Christ the rector and brethren of the house of the order of St. Augustine of Edyndon newly founded by the said bishop their trespass in fortifying and crenellating the dwelling-house of the same rector and brethren there with a wall of stone and hme without having our licence for that purpose, and we grant for us and our heirs as much as in us is to the same rector and brethren that they may hold their dwelling- place aforesaid thus fortified and crenellated to them and their successors for ever without let or hinderance from us or our heirs, our justices, escheators, sheriffs or other bailiffs or officers whom- SOeViel mn 4 On the same day was given the formal licence to fortify and crenellate that dwelling-house there with a wall of stone and lime and hold the same in the same words as the pardon.’ Leland, again on the authority of the Latin book, said that the Church Mel. tin. (vie, 43) Neots Paty 33 fH. Viaoamonemie 20: * Ibid., m. 15. Canon Jackson in the article already quoted (p. 257) imphes that the licence to crenellate included the separate licence to enlarge the dwelling-house and to have a way between the house and the Church. By the late Sir Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.O., F.S.A. 15 was finished in 1361, and dedicated by Robert Wyvil, Bishop of Salisbury, in honour of St. James the Apostil, St. Katharine and All Saints. ! The building of the Church may therefore be divided into two sections or schemes, the chancel begun in 1351 and completed for the priests of the college, and the remainder begun in 1358 and completed in 1361 for the Monastery and the parish Church. On the 6th May, 1362, the King gave another licence this time not to the Bishop but to “‘our beloved in Christ the rector and brethren of the house or Monastery of Edyndon that they may convey the water flowing from a spring on land in Edyndon belonging to our beloved in Christ the abbess and convent of Romeseye by a sub- terranean conduit to the said house or Monastery, and have and hold the water thus conveyed to them and their successors for ever. We of our special grace have granted and given licence for us and our heirs, as much as in us is, to the said Rector and brethren that they may convey the water of the said stream through the said town of Edyndon by a subterranean conduit to the said house or Monastery, and have and hold the water thus conveyed to them and their successors for ever without challenge or hindrance from us or our heirs, our justices, escheators, sheriffs or other bailiffs or officials whosoever, notwithstanding the statute of Mortmain.? This completes the evidence that can be obtained from grants in connexion with the actual foundation of the Monastery. The Church as built by Bishop Edington remains complete and con- sists of a chancel of three bays, 53ft. by 24ft., a transept, 72ft. from north to south by 22ft. wide, a tower over the crossing, a nave of six bays with aisles, 74ft. by 53ft., and a south porch. The architecture of the Church has been fully described by the late Mr. Ponting, but little or nothing was said in this description of its monastic arrangements.’ The chancel being built for the accommodation of a secular college of twelve priests required little alteration to accommodate the same number of brethren. There was originally an ornamental stone seat, in the middle of the west bay on the north side, that may possibly have been intended for the founder when he was present, and this was done away with to accommodate the quire of the Monastery. The stalls of the brethren would be arranged against the blank walls under the windows of the west bay. There is a small doorway in the middle of the middle bay on the south side that opens outwards, and on the exterior of the two eastern bays was a long and very narrow building which must have been a vestry. Another vestry was afterwards built Pewee wiin wi. 48. lhe dedication to St. james was obviously a blunder for Our Lady, as evidenced by contemporary documents of which one has already been quoted. Unorwinal (Chancery), 36 2a V1); p..1, m.13. 3 Arch. Jour., xlv, 43. 16 Edington Monastery. on the east side of the north transept, after which the earlier and inconvenient chamber was taken down. Projecting into the crossing is the pulpitum, of timber work, of that type formed by two screens supporting the gallery, the latter being reached by a stair between the screens. On the east side of the pulpitum would be the return stalls of the quire, and on the west side would be the usual pair of altars on either side of the quire door. The transepts, in spite of their length, only had one altar in each as is shown by the piscinas which remain. The north transept was claimed by Mr. Ponting to have been the Lady Chapel, but, as the high altar was hallowed in honour of our Lady, it is unlikely that the second most important altar in the Church was of the same dedication. Against the south wall of the south transept is the canopied altar tomb already referred to bearing the effigy of one of the brethren. It has the rebus of t.b. and a tun with a three branched tree growing out of it, which has been said to indicate Bainton, but no one of that name had anything to do with Edington at this time. Canon Jackson correctly ascribed the monument to Thomas Bulkington,! the rebus being Boc-in-tun, the word boc signifying a beech tree. Thomas Bukynton had an obit at Edington, and was possibly the donor of the Manor and tithes of Bulkington before he joined the convent. He was a witness to the transfer of the Church of Keevil to the Monastery in 1393 and is included by Leland in his note of benefactors. The nave was used by the parish and there were two priests appointed to minister there to the parishioners. The nave altar would be under the western arch of the crossing, where it now is, with a screen behind it having a door on either side for the return of the Sunday procession. Over this screen on a beam would probably be the great Rood. At the first pair of piers was apparently a fence screen across the Church, and to the west were two flanking chapels, of which the foundations of the screens were found and are marked in the present flooring. In connexion with the southern of these chapels under the arcade, is a fine canopied tomb of a member of the Cheney family, possibly the donor of the messuage and rents in Cotteridge. In the easternmost bay of the north aisle is the procession doorway to the Church for the use of the brethren. The aisle windows on this side are placed high up in the wall to accommodate a passage on the outside of the wall, which has been stated to have been one of the alleys of a square cloister : but the weathering of the roof does not return along the transept wall as it would have done in this case, and at the north-west angle of the transept are indications of the abuttment of the parapet and outer wall of the passage, from which it is obvious that it was the passage from the Monastery and not part of a square cloister. Over the south porch is a living room, with a fireplace, probably ' Wilts Arch. Mag., 1, 188, note. Later he corrects himself under the error that the initials were 1.b. (Wilts Arch. Mag.,, xx, 300). By ine laie Sir Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.0.;, F.S.A. 17 rendered necessary for a caretaker in consequence of the Church being so far away from the Monastery. Up to the present the site of the monastic buildings has not been located, but the passage just described never having been part of a square cloister, there never having been a high building adjoining the north transept, and there being no record of any conveyance of land on the north side of the Church to the Monastery, it is evident that they could not have been in the usual position adjoining the nave of the Church: The object of this paper being to see if the various documents now quoted do not throw some, if not a certain, light on this question, the evidence may now be summed up. The land given by John of Edyndon as the first endowment of the chantry cannot be identified, save that one or both of the messuages were made into the dwelling-house of the priests, and there was certainly land included in the grant further to the south of the dwelling- house. The first grant of land by Romsey Abbey contained $ acre 10 perches of arable next the Church and 14 acres of meadow next the dwelling- house for its enlargement. The former was allowed in 1358 as part of the endowment of the chantry and is included in the confirmation of the property of the Monastery. The latter however does not occur either in the licence or confirmation but in its place is mentioned a plot of land 16 perches by 11ft. between the churchyard and the rectory for the enlargement of the latter. These lands were all that had been con- veyed to the chantry and were obtaired obviously for the accommodation of the priests, to allow the Church to ke enlarged, and to procure a direct way for the priests between the Church and their dwelling. The important grant of 1358, when the Monastery had been deter- mined upon, was evidently to afford the extra accommodation that was required for building the Monastery. It consisted of 74 perches by 2 perches belonging to the Abbey garden on the west side of the Church, 19 perches by 4 perches on the east side of the Church, a messuage, 1 acre and 10 perches next the churchyard for its enlargement, and 16 perches by 10ft. out of the highway next the dwelling-house for its enlargement, provided that a similar highway be made on their own ground to the south. The licence to allow this transaction has already been quoted. The half-acre of the original grant is apparently the same as the 19 perches by 4 perches of the inquisition, but it is questionable if the exact size of this half acre was as stated in the inquiry. The plot of ground with the water course must have been to the west of the old Church and procured in order to enable the present nave to be built. The 16 perches by I1lft. stated to have been between the rectory and the churchyard must have extended from the last plot to the dwelling-house as a direct access from the Monastery to the Church, and during the late drought the foundations of a wall, on one side of it, extending to 200ft. from the Church were quiie clear by the burnt turf. Vol. Xivil.—-NO. CLXII. c 18 Edington Monastery. The enclosure of the highway is accounted for by the fact that the road on the south side of the churchyard must originally have continued in a straight line to the west, and on its north side appear to have been the messuage and land of Walter Michel and to the west the messuage or messuages that had been converted into the dwelling-house of the Chaplains. It is distinctly stated that Michel’s ground was given. for the enlargement of the rectory and the churchyard, and unless it was in the position suggested it could not have served the double purpose. As it was for this double purpose it definitely places the dwelling of the priests to the west next the present road. The permission to move the old road, for the enlargement of the dwelling-house, was necessitated by the contracted area available for the new buildings of the Monastery, and the road was removed sufficiently to the south to give a more or less square area of about three acres for the monastic precinct. The ~ position to which the road was moved is presumably now marked by the present road. The land thus secured enabled the Bishop to set out his monastic buildings on a suitable scale. Nothing is yet known of their arrange- ment but there is documentary evidence that there was a cloister, a chapter-house, a frater, a dorter, and an infirmary, so that presumably they were more or less on a normal plan, except for the position of the Church. The dwelling-house of the Chaplains was apparently converted into the house for the rector of the Monastery, and would contain accommodation for the entertainment of superior guests, apparently in the usual position on the west side of the cloister. The whole precinct was surrounded by an embattled wall and would have had a gatehouse of entrance. The land for a way 42 perches in length on the ground of the Abbey, together with the further 4 perches in the garden of Richard le Nyweman 1s stated to have been next the dwelling-house of the rector and brethren and was obviously on the north side of the Monastery and churchyard. Its purpose may have been to obtain access to the outside of the buildings for necessary repairs or to form a sort of no-mans-land between the property of the brethren and that of the Abbey. Before the other plots of land had been located the writer supposed that the whole of this way was actually that between the Church and the Monastery, but its length would have forced the latter to have been on the west side of the present lane which seems to have been an old road, and the land of Michel would have had to be ignored. The grant of the springs and the permission to take the water by an underground conduit is helpful to establish the site of the Monastery. The springs are some 400 yards to the southwest of the Church, they are collected into a conduit chamber, which still remains, of the date of the grant. This chamber is square on plan with a small doorway of entrance and covered over with a stone vault supported by two cross ribs. The water now finds its way by open ditches to the north, but, as recorded, it was originally taken by an underground conduit to the Monastery through the vill of Edyndon. If the Monastery had been on By the late Sir Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.O., F.S.A. 19 the north side of the Church, the water could not have got there by gravitation, as that in the ditch to the west of the Church runs in the opposite direction. Considerable further matter remains respecting the endowment of the Monastery, together with other documents respecting the suppression, but time this evening will not allow it to be considered. In conclusion it must be stated that these suggestions upon the site of the Monastery are based entirely upon documentary evidence, there- fore until the matter can be proved by excavation they must be taken for what they are worth, and in no sense as claiming that the site of the Monastery of Edington is definitely settled. 20 - CHISELBURY CAMP. By ak. "Ci ©. Crean ahs As Chiselbury looks young for its age; for its single vallum and ditch show few traces of the wear and tear of the 20 odd centuries of storm and sunshine through which it has passed. There has not been much silting into the ditch. A single vallum and ditch enclose ten acres of the high shoulder of chalk down overlooking the village of Fovant. There is one entrance —on the south-east—consisting of two separate gateways protected by a semi-circular cutwork pierced by three causeways. Unfortunately, the land right up to the ditch of the camp has been ploughed in former years and the outwork rendered less distinct. A ‘“‘ cattleway ”’ running due north enters the main ditch at its junction with the southern end of the outwork. On the north side of the camp another “ cattleway ”’ Tuns due north to the edge of the escarpment, where, as the manner of ‘ Cattleways ” is, it ceases. Two banks with intervening ditch run from the old turnpike road to end at the edge of the ditch at the most southerly point of the camp. The interior of the camp was under cultivation until about 15 years ago, and its surface is consequently flat with the exception of four pits from which chalk has been dug to dress the arable fields. Chiselbury was built as a place of refuge and defence, and was never used for habitation. The air-photograph shows no signs of pits or deep disturbances of the soil, and the peoples of the Early Iron Age, to which we hope later to prove Chiselbury to belong, dwelt in clusters of pit dwellings. Colt-Hoare in his excursions visited Chiselbury and dug there, but found none of the usual “‘ indicia ’’ of habitation. In 1923 I dug a trench from east to west through the centre of the camp, but dis- covered no pits, trenches, pottery or prehistoric objects of any kind. Chiselbury is one of a long chain of camps—Pentridge, Wuduburh, Chiselbury, Wick Ball Camp, Hanging Langford Camp, Bilbury, _ Yarnbury—linked up by a road, still traceable, which takes a more or less northerly direction until it bears eastward after Yarnbury to lose itself on the Berkshire downs. These camps, some by excavation and some by analogy, can all be ascribed 10 the Karly, lronsege= ihe peoples of that period landed on the south coast, chiefly at Christchurch and Weymouth, and moved inwards, protecting themselves as they advanced. The old hill-top roads which run along the chalk ridges in an east to west direction were not in use in the Early Iron Age in this part of the country. The fact that lynchets which are of Early Iron Age date cross the tracks 1s) proot of this.) Bhey, canwbesseensonyuatc ground, and air-photographs makes this point very clear. In the photo- graph of Chiselbury the southern ‘“‘ cattleway ”’ can be seen crossing the old turnpike road. FIeAA yeeIy ay} SuLINp JIN} oy} UT 4Nd szUaUITSay FO asoy} aie o}e[q 94} JO do} ay} ye UMOYsS sospeq OUL “ITA old ‘FL d ‘ap 242 moxf xassay Yoo I1ey} ut dureD siqy uo e[917Ie ay} Se}e4SHIIE Jolley Xepy PUL PIOFMEID “S “D ‘O ‘sissey Aq jus] ATpUry Yoo;q stqgy] “Wy 94} WoT} durey Ainqyasry9D Lik 4 pe ahs eae ales Chiselbury Canip. 21 The ‘‘ cattleway ”’ which enters the ditch of Chiselbury on the south- east can be traced to the edge of the combe on the south of the camp. It stops on the edge of the steep slope, a few feet beyond the lowest line of lynchets, but is continued on, first as a worn hollow path, then along the foot of the western side of the combe to take on the character of a double-lynchet way, and so to cross the shoulder of dowa towards Broadchalk. The cattleway is therefore part and parcel of the system of lynchets in this locality, and the lynchets can be proved by their plan and limitations to be contemporary with the rectangular earthworks and the pit-village of Fifield Bavant half a mile away to the south-west, which belonged to the early part of the Early Iron Age. I have dug trenches through several of the cattleways on this stretch of downs between here and Ansty Down, and they all conform to a single type. They run from combe to combe across the intervening knife- ridges of down. They consist of a ditch between two banks and these banks also form the positive lynchets bounding rectangular fields of the celtic system. The cattleways invariably stop a few yards beyond the last line of lynchets on the edges of combes. In section they are in their lower half narrow and straight-sided with a hard puddled floor as if many cattle had walked along them in damp weather. I think there is no doubt whatever that their purpose was to act as tracks through which cattle could be driven from combe to combe, that is to say from grazing ground to grazing ground, without the cattle straying into the rectangular cultivated fields covering the top of the downs, and so damaging the crops. Mr. Sayce told me that he had seen the same device adopted by natives in Africa. The modern farmer with the help of posts and wire occasionally follows in his ancestor’s footsteps. Cattle will follow a leader and will keep on moving forward so long as they are prevented from turning round ; and there was not sufficient space for them todosoinacattleway. These cattleways I am speaking of must not be confused with the mile-long earthworks, probably boundary ditches, found in other parts of the south of England, which have no connection with combes. Cattle could, in times of danger from the south, and it was from the south that danger was to be expected, be driven up the cattleway to the main ditch of Chiselbury, along the western arc of the ditch, into the cattle way which leaves Chiselbury on the north to the escarpment, then down to the old track at the foot of the downs to the end of Sandy Lane, along this lane across and over the greensand terrace to Catherine Ford on the River Nadder at Dinton, and straight on along the old road up through the passage in the sandstone cliffs ahead to Wick Ball Camp. The cattle would be out of sight during this manoeuvre, and the inhabitants of Fifield Bavant village, having evacuated their pit dwellings and seen their cattle safely sent ahead, could take refuge inside the vallum of Chiselbury and prepare to resist their enemies. The Early Iron Age inhabitants of Swallowcliffe pit village had Castle Ditches as a second line of defence: those of Fifield Bavant had Chiselbury. For Chiselbury must be of Early Iron Age date. 22 Chiselbury Camp. Its conformation proclaims it as of that period. It is contemporary with cattleways which are of that period, and are moreover part of the celtic lynchet system belonging to Fifield Bavant. This stretch of chalk downs from Wilton to Donhead was inhabited during the Early Iron Age and during no other period. This may appear to be a sweeping statement, but it is nevertheless a true one. The peoples of the Neolithic and Bronze Ages were flint users, and they dropped their implements and flakes round their habitations. There are some few Early and Middle Bronze Age barrows on these downs, but no flakes, no implements. There is a long barrow at the top of White Sheet Hill, but no flint artefacts near it. Many scores of hours have been spent searching the fields along. the crest of these downs, and the flint implements found there could be put into one pocket. One flint axe was picked up 300 yards south-west of Chiselbury. An axe could have been lost in any prehistoric wood. Not a single arrowhead has been found. Below the line of downs to the north the greensand terrace of the Vale of Wardour overlooks the River Nadder. This terrace is amazingly rich in flint implements, especially by the side of the old trackways. At least a hundred arrowheads have been picked up and as many pieces of polished axes. It seems lhkely that the peoples of the Neolithic and Early Bronze Ages, like some aborigines of Australia, buried their chieftains on the crest of the highest land visible from their villages. The Romano-British scattered pottery around them like boys laying a paper-chase. Perhaps half a dozen scraps of their pottery have been found on these downs during the many excavations of ditches, villages and barrows. The nearest Romano-British habitation site is at Monk’s Hole, Ebbesbourne Wake, at the foot of the next range of downs to the south. There were a few squatters of that period who lived near the ford in the centre of Fovant. There was a single primary Saxon burial in a round barrow on Alvediston Down; but we know that the Saxons lived in the river valleys, and in them founded our modern villages. There are near Chiselbury two Early Iron Age pit- villages amounting to some two hundred pits, and the range of downs on which Chiselbury stands is lined with Early Iron Age lynchets and cattleways. Taking all things into consideration Chiselbury must be of Early Iron Age date. Men have been hung on more slender evidence. In a Saxon Charter of A.D. 994 defining the boundaries of Fovant which King Aethelred gave to the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, at Wilton, Chiselbury is mentioned under the name of Blaedbyrig. The eastern boundary of the village came to Sigewine’s Dyke (still discernible as a hollow-way up the slope of the hill to the north-east of Chiselbury) then to a point ‘‘ 30 rods east of the camp,” then to the “ place where the flowers grow,’”’ next to the heathen burial place and so to the high- way. The modern boundaries conform very closely with those mentioned in the charter, and the present east and south boundaries form a right-angled junction close to Chiselbury on the south-east. This point is only about 100 yards from the point ‘‘ 30 rods east of the ”) camp,’ and therefore it might be supposed that the heathen burial Bua C.-C Clay, oF .S.A. 23 places and the place where the flowers grow would lie on this 100 yards of straight boundary. Hoping that this might prove correct I cut several trenches along this line but found neither heathens nor their burial places. Immediately south of Chiselbury is an area of gorse. Between it and the trackway is a large patch of Willowherb, which every autumn is very conspicuous, and never varies in size. ‘There are in several parts of south Wilts similar unvarying patches of Willowherb which must depend on certain localized ingredients in the soil. I believe that this patch of Willowherb was the place ‘‘ where the flowers grow ”’ mentioned in the charter. The heathen burial places must have been the two round barrows shown in Colt Hoare’s map of ‘‘ Fovant Station ”’ on the north side of the old turnpike road within a short distance of Chiselbury. These barrows are not shown in air-photographs, but the most western one of the two was discovered some years ago by Mr. Kerley. He and I excavated it. It had been ploughed almost flat, its highest point being only four or five inches above the level of the surrounding turf. We found a cist cut in the chalk, and in the cist the skeleton of a man crouched on his left side, so that his face was turned to the west. The remains of a wooden coffin surrounded him, and by his side was an antler of red-deer. Undoubtedly he was one of the heathens. The other barrow has not yet been discovered. It is probable therefore that in Saxon days the boundary of Fovant curved round the eastern and southern sides of Chiselbury to meet the track- way about 200 yards further west than does the present boundary. The old road which runs along the crest of the downs, passing close to the south of Chiselbury, was originally an old turnpike road, a section of the thoroughfare from Salisbury to Shaftesbury. Although turnpike gates were first legally erected in 1663, yet in the map of Cranborne Chase, drawn by Richard Harding of Blandford in 1618, a gate is shown across the road opposite the south-western corner of Chiselbury. On the south side of the road is a small rectangular excavation, now grass. covered, but easily recognized both on the ground and in the air- photograph. It represents the site of the turnpike-keeper’s house. From it a bank with ditch on both sides runs to the head of the combe, and a similar earthwork can be traced from the opposite side of the road to the ditch of Chiselbury. There is no doubt whatever that these structures are not of very great age. They were intended to prevent travellers making a detour in order to evade payment of the tolls. At a date which is not known, the turnpike gate was removed from the vicinity of Chiselbury to a site a mile westwards along the road, opposite the old inn known as Fovant Hut. The reason for this change may have been that the turnpike keeper disliked walking backwards and forwards from his lodgings in the inn to the gate near Chiselbury ; for the structure on the south of Chiselbury may have been only a shelter and not a dwelling house. It is not certain when the new turnpike road, the parent of the modern main Salisbury to Shaftesbury road, superseded the old one, but it was in all probability about the year 1750. The old turnpike gate near Chiselbury is shown on the 1773 map 24 | Chiselbury Camp. of Wilts by Andrews and Dury, but this is undoubtedly an error— copied by the authors from an older map without verification. Chiselbury was a favourite haunt of Cunning Dick, the famous high- wayman. In Garston Wood, half a mile to the south-west there was a few years ago, and it may be there to-day, a tree with a staple in its trunk, to which he used to tie his horse. Further along the road to the west, near White Sheet Hill, there is a neck of down leading to Gallows Hill. Here the original gallows tree remains, with its horizontal hmb scarred by many a chain, and with notches cut in its trunk so that the executioner could climb the tree in order to adjust the rope. It may be that Cunning Dick was the last man to hang from that stout horizontal limb. I hope he did not. It is said that the turret on the top of Fovant Church was used as a beacon to guide smugglers who brought kegs of spirits on horseback from Southampton to Chiselbury. Here a man, who had ridden from North Bradley would meet them and transfer the kegs to his own saddle, and then gallop back to his father’s cottage. 25 MOOD EAND IN-WILTSHIRE AT THE FIME OF THE DOVWESDAY BOOK By F. W. Morean. The reconstruction of woodland distribution for any given date pro- vides a good indication of the progress made in agriculture and settlement, and of the particular stage reached in the continually changing face of the country. It is of interest to historians also : from Green and Pearson onwards they have produced conjectural sketch maps, concentrating on the events of the Saxon Conquest in relation to forest, and those of the present day add small maps to their Histories of England. More recently the Ordnance Survey has produced maps of the Roman and Neolithic distributions, on a scale of 15°782 miles to the inch. For the earliest times before man had made any serious inroads by clearing, we can discover from geology and ecology the approximate nature and distribution of vegetation, and indicate bare chalk as fairly open and grassy hills, as on its outer margins in Wiltshire, recent beds as scrub—-and heath—covered, and clay lowlands as forested, with marsh near the streams. After that, with the forest retreating from advancing agriculture and later industry, any comprehensive evidence is meagre. The surveys or ‘‘ Perambulations ”’ of ‘‘ Forests’ made in England in medieval times, especially those of 1300, are accurate within their limits but afford only indirect evidence. The Domesday Book, a statement of the taxable resources of the medieval community as it was in being after six centuries of Saxon labour, appears to be a systematic account. An attempt to utilise its material for one county will indicate something of the complications both of Domesday statistics (cf. the hide-carucate controversy) and of the general problems of early wocdland. Lying away from the cultivated fields of the medieval village, the woodland played a very important part in its economy, providing fuel, building timber and, most of all, pannage for swine. Often a “ vill” possessed rights in woods outside its boundaries if it had none of its own, and sometimes in addition to its own. Thus Waisel (a vill existing then in what is now Wilton Park) having no wood, held the right to take each year from Milchet Wood (near the S.E. border) 80 loads and what was required for repairing houses and fences, and to pasture 80 hogs there ; South Newton, accredited with 200 acres, how- ever, possessed exactly the same rights in Milchet; Collingbourne Ducis, though accredited with a large area of wood (1 league x 1 league), held rights to a third part of “‘ the wood called Cetum ”’ (Chute Forest). 26 Woodland in Wiltshive at the time of the Domesday Book. In Hampshire several vills possessed merely so many swine “ in the King’s Forest,” e.g., Ringwood 189, Breamore 50.1 _ Representing definite taxable assets, the woodland was entered pre- cisely foreach manor. The term ‘“‘ wood” can be taken to mean a considerable growth such as beech—or oak—wood, for any inferior variation was carefully noted—thus in Wilts occurred sometimes “a grove, “thors, 7 “coppice,” or“ bramble and in Somerset “underwood.” ” There are two systems of enumeration. The first, employed in the returns for Berkshire, Hampshire and Essex, for example, is that of the number of swine due to the Lord of each manor for the right to pannage in the wood. In Berkshire this total was about 2,680, in Hampshire over 3,500. The dues thus represented only a fraction of the swine supported by the woods of each manor. It has been estimated that the Middlesex manors actually possessed 20,000 swine. A map formed by plotting the dues gives an idea of the relative distribution of wood- land but not actual areas. The second is the areal method, as used for Wilts, Somerset, and Dorset. Sometimes the amount of wood was reckoned in acres, but as a rule by dimensions of length and breadth in miles or furlongs. Authorities (except Inman) agree that the Domesday league consisted of 12 furlongs. Yet we cannot be sure that this is the clear statement it appears to be: it is generally held that the amount entered for each vill was often exaggerated and that the dimensions were those of: the greatest length and breadth. C.S. Taylor,? however, suggests that the 1 Rights in some of these forests lasted considerably beyond the Middle Ages. John Aubrey notes their survival in Pewsham (Chippenham) Forest, where it seems that people had acquired certain privileges. In 1670, writing of the Forests of Wiltshire, he says :— ““Most of those forests were given away by King James the First. Pewsham Forest was given to the Duke of Buckingham, who gave it, I think, to his brother, the Earle of Anglesey. Upon the disafforesting of it the poor people made this rhythme :— ‘When Chipnam stood in Pewsham’s wood, Before it was destroy’d, A cow might have gone for a groat a year, Isjele MOM Ne US Glemnyedl. The metre is lamentable ; but the cry of the poor more lamentable. I knew several that did remember the going of a cowe for 4d. per annum. The order was, how many they could winter they might summer: and pigges did cost nothing the going. Now the highwayes are encombred with cottages, and the travellers with the beggars that dwell in them.” Natural History of Wilts, p. 58, edition of 1847. 2 Analysis of the Gloucestershire Domesday. By F. W. Morgan. 27 system was more accurate and that the dimensions were those of a parallelogram that would contain such an extent. There appears to be exaggeration because a manor was sometimes credited with an area of woodland greater than that of the corresponding parish, ee Brokenboreugh with -3'-1.-x: 2 1 j(i.e. 44 -m. x 3 m.) or Tilshead with 21. x 11. (i.e.3m. x 14m.). But this is bound up with other complicating factors which explain much of the apparent exaggera- tion. A manor sometimes included vills geographically separate, and sometimes woodland similarly placed. Occasionally woodland entered must have lain outside the limits of the existing parishes which most nearly correspond to the Domesday vills and sometimes at a considerable distance from them, where it cannot now be traced. Brokenborough included subsidiary vills, and hence their woods, lying in the east towards Braden Forest. Amesbury was credited with a wood 61. x 31. (i.e., 9m. x 4$m.), whichis probably Bentley Wood near the S.E. border of the county—this certainly belonged to Amesbury. Sonning, in EF. Berkshire, near the Thames, had large woods which actually lay to the south along the well-wooded border of the county. This fact of out- lying woodlands, since vill and manor were not always geographically co-extensive, introduces an unknown degree of inaccuracy. There is yet another complication. Domesday Book contains occasional references to ‘“‘ the King’s Forest.’’ Several manors in Hampshire had no wood but so many swine in the King’s Forest ; at Britford in S. Wilts, the ‘“‘ wood is in the hands of the King—40 shillings in his own estate”’ ; while at Milford, near the later Salisbury ‘‘§ the land is in the King’s Forest’ (Clarendon), and there are references to others such as ‘“‘the wood called Cetum,’’ Milchet Wood, etc. Being exempt fram geld payment the Royal Forests were omitted from direct mention in the record: the chief ones in Wiltshire appear to have been Grovely, Chute, Clarendon, Braden, Chippenham, Savernake and Selwood. They were areas in which the King’s game was protected by special laws (there were also private forests such as Cranborne Chase), and ccnsisting of waste land, some of it wood, falling partly within the bounds of a village and partly without—a great deal more being abstracted by the Angevins soon after 1066. ‘‘To what extent such forests existed before, is one of the vexed questions of English history, which the historians of the last century, with their genius for selecting the unessential for emphasis, completely ignored.’’! The entries for Milford and Britford mentioned above indicate something of the process, and it was much more marked in Hampshire. It is problematical as to what were the exact boundaries of the Royal Forests in 1086: we cannot assume that they were those of even the earliest of the later Perambulations. In Wilts, for example, the royal 10. G. S. Crawford, Empive Survey Review, vol. i, No. 1, July, 1931, p. 9. 28 Woodland in Wiltshire at the time of the Domesday Book. manor of Chippenham was credited with a wood 4 1. x 41. (i.e. 6 m. x 6 m.), an area so large that it suggests that this included part of the Forest of Chippenham ; there is less indication of Braden Forest, but there were several well-wooded manors lying nearit. As to the amount of woodland in the Forests, later medieval records of gale havoc, grants of oak and beech timber, etc., suggest that this was considerable.) It is reasonable to suppose, then that in 1086 they represented considerable areas of woodland. In spite of these difficulties a map can be constructed by assigning to each manor the literal amount credited to it, and by indicating additional vaguer areas of woodland for the known forests. Probably the suspected exaggerations are on the same scale over the whole country, so that distortion is equally distributed. The difficulty of that woodland lying outside the manorial vill cannot be surmounted easily, though it was not likely to be any great distance from the manor or to occur in a great many instances, and occasionally it 1s possible to make corrections. The resulting map gives a fair idea of the amount and distribution of woodland in Wiltshire in 1086, more accurate for comparison than for actual areas, perhaps. It is a map of the woodland resources of the medieval community in Wiltshire when it was in being, long established and with some centuries to run. Several features emerge. The main area of wood- land was in the Oxford Clay belt that makes up so much of N. and W. Wilts : the valleys of the White Horse, Avon, Frome, and Stour. There were large amounts in the vills around Braden—in Purton, Wootton Bassett, the Lydiards, Brokenborough and Crudwell ; less in the middle of the belt, but a great deal in the rest—-Chippenham was credited with an immense amount, and there was much in the surrounding villages, while Melksham, Westbury, Warminster, and several others as far as these had very large areas. A further indication of this is seen in the entries for several of the larger manors: in addition to the usual inhabitants, swineherds were mentioned specially—thus Warminster had also 13 swineherds, Chippenham 28, Bradford 22, and Westbury 29. Along this belt lay also the Forests of Braden, Chippenham, Melksham, Selwood, Gillingham and Blackmore. In the east was a second belt of much woodland—the manors of Aldbourne, Ramsbury, the Bedwyns, the Collingbournes and Amesbury, as well as Savernake, Chute and Clarendon Forests, Milchet and the later Buckholt Woods : a belt of Tertiary clay-with-flints and later formations. Along the southern border or near it were chiefly forest areas: the New Forest, well-wooded N.E. Dorset, Cranborne Chase, Gillingham and Blackmore 1 J.C. Cox, The Royal Forests of England. Pee Feet 4 0 By F. W. Morgan. 29 } . ar fe ay Det ’ ee ees S s 7 fn, +Cricklade % His ’ { fon f — a a3 "#Caln = Mavibrols 5S Ac D + 240] meet _ Kboyoary 9 SPIQangp 3 Pep ifodkZ By F. W. Morgan. 31 Forests. Other areas of considerable woodland were the Vale of Wardour, where the Kimmeridge Clay and Portland Beds are exposed, and the Vale of Pewsey, on the Greensand. The distribution there indicated differs considerably from the early sketch maps of the historians. One of the earliest, for example, C. H. Pearson’s Map of Saxon England (1869), indicates small patches for Grovely, Great Ridge, Cranborne Chase and Clarendon, a small patch near Ludgershall, a broken mass stretching from Melksham south-west- wards to Kilmington, and a last area east of Marlborough—nothing else. There is a great contrast with the maps usually constructed of the prehistoric forest, for in 1086 the face of the country differed almost as much from the earlier wildness as from the modern emptiness. In the six centuries of Saxon occupation the process of clearing had gone far. (In some counties there is evidence of considerable clearing in a much shorter time, for the East Anglian Domesday states the amount of woodland existing in the time both of King Edward and King William). The agricultural conquest of the once-forested clay lowlands, though well advanced, was not a steady one. The extreme N.E. is part of the Thames Basin: in describing conditions there in pre-Roman times Professor Tansley says: ‘“ . . the valleys were probably covered with oak forest, and over large stretches where the heavy clay lies immediately below the surfacesoil . . . . passage must have been welianeinpoessible: Im other parts . . . . the flat lying clay land may have been a marshy swamp before modern local drainage and the dredging of the Thames allowed the water from the Downs a more rapid outlet.’’! This was probably true for the whole lowland. Even to-day a few patches of ground in the Vale of White Horse, visible from the railway line, suggest what rough vegetation would soon spread over it. Yet the Berkshire Domesday records singularly few swine for the manors of the Vale, and the manors in N.E. Wiltshire also had little woodland. On the other hand, in the main Wiltshire portion of the clay lowland large areas of woodland remained, as well as in the Forests of Braden, Chippenham and Melksham. In the Vales of Pewsey and Wardour, again, clearing had gone far, but around the borders of the county, on the clay-with-flints and Eocene beds, less so. A comparison with the modern Ordnance Survey #” shows that not only has much woodland disappeared since 1086 but there has been, again, a difference in the rate of its disappearance, depending on factors partly geographical, partly historical. The most marked feature is the great diminution in the clay vale in the process of its conversion into rich pasture land. With the exception of the Braden area, still well- wooded, and patches S. of Trowbridge, it is now practically cleared. In fact, more remains along the fringes. There are narrow belts along 1 Quoted by E. T. Leeds, ‘‘ Early Settlement in the Upper Thames Basin,’’ Geography, 1928. 32 Woodland in Wiltshire at the time of the Domesday Book. the valley slopes in the Oolitic belt, on the Corallian hills, where Bowood and Spye Parks represent the remnant of Pewsham Forest, and have been preserved ; while Selwood has perhaps most remaining, in large patches on the Greensand and in Longleat. Great Ridge, Grovely and Cranborne Chase, on the less productive chalk and long preserved as parks and hunting grounds, are well marked; the E. border, from Savernake to Downton, is similarly still marked by much, though broken, woodland. Almost everywhere the upland woods are much better preserved than the lowland. The map suggests also a related problen, of boundaries. Remnants of the ancient wood, lying away towards the limits of the vill, can be seen in the patches of woodlaad through which parish boundaries often run, for in the main the modern boundaries are those of the original vill. Ss nici Civil Parish Boundanies Ee E xisting Woodland Miles Seiiameanes (based upon the Ovénanee Surey Map with the Sanction of the Contrclley of HM. Stohenery Othe) p Y : } Woe ye; fe borough ie #Beeching- aa stoke . 6 ry se™ Le as ete a ites SL : . Pavish Boundaries & Woodland in the Vale of Pewsey. Printed by C H. Woo¢ ward, Devizes. And it is not only parish boundaries which pass through woodland : the Domesday map reflects what appears in the map of earlier woodland, the fact that for the most part the boundaries of the county formerly coincided with areas which were well wooded, except in the N.W. where they extended beyond the Vale of Chippenham to the dip-slope of the Cotswolds. Since it had effect in the most obscure period of English history the exact nature and significance of this connection is difficult to see— By F. W. Morgan. 33 whether the forested belts were military barriers, refuges for the British, obstacles to progress, or, as is more likely, areas of later and more difficult settlement. Grant Allen, for example, thought Wiltshire a Seuriously artiticial county - . . a mere watershed,’ because it cannot be defined in terms of ariverbasin.t A writerin the Hampshire Victoria History also is attracted by the watershed idea for he regards Hampshire as separated from Wiltshire by an open watershed (and from Berkshire). In fact, however, this watershed is for the greater part a low one between parishes, is not followed entirely by the boundary, and was very largely wooded; the Berkshire frontier was equally so. Mackinder 2 regards the southern counties ‘“‘as originated on the open high grounds emergent from the forested lowlands,” which is nearer the truth, but his statement and map are over-simplified. Some of the uplands, e.g., those between Wiltshire and Hampshire, carried forest on clay-with-flints and Eocene beds, and in Wiltshire the county boundary in the N.W. runs right across to the dip-slope of the Cotwolds, thus including within itself the considerable ‘‘ forested lowland ”’ of the Bristol Avon and Upper Thames. But at any rate the questions of boundaries and forest areas seem to be closely interlinked, even if the natural frontier idea cannot be applied unreservedly. DoOMESDAY INFORMATION FROM :— 1. Wailtishive Domesday ; trans. and ed. with introd., by W.H. Jones. | 2. Chapters containing trans. with notes, of the Survey for each county in the Victoria County Histories of Berkshire, Hampshire, Dorset, Somerset and Middlesex. 1 County and Town in England, p. 22—3. 2 Britain and the British Seas : p. 202. VOL. XLVII,—NO. CLXII. D 34 MUSEUM MAINTENANCE FUND APPEAT 83. Last autumn an appeal was made to the members of our society for special donations to the above fund owing to extraordinary expenses mainly caused through the necessity of putting “ thief-proof’’ locks on the cases in the museum owing to the robbery of several bronze imple- ments earher in the year. The appeal met with a generous response and the fund is now not only out of debt, but there is a balance in hand that will enable the committee to carry out some much needed improve- ments in the library. The total amount received was £117 7s. 6d. from which was deducted £3 6s. for postages, printing, etc., thus leaving a balance of £114 13s. The following is a list of subscribers to the appeal :— fe So Gl, fe Sead: Gough, W. ae 10 6 larson Wicss Anse 10 O Crossfield, Mrs. Selon) &O Harrison, RevvA le... 10 O Westlake, Canon ste 10 6 Gardner NMirss vie a OO Eoddanrcealin Geese rane) Thompson, Mrs. ox, Re (0) Taian, No tals Ge ee Or @ Ingles Il, AC, ae 1 COO) Bollocks tats ke en a Pde O) Pugh, Miss oa. (0 ligaae, C, 1&. ome 10 O Pugh ewe By) Williams, P. we LO0 Antrobus, Sir C. G. 10 6 Henderson, Miss A. ... Dn) Cunnington, Mrs. B. H. On 30 Henderson, Miss I. 5: Dotesio, W. : 5 6 Goodchild, W. i ele 0 Borough, IRS ect, Ll, 00 Ketchley, Canon OO. Coward, E. Fae 9g (U) Fry, Claude 5 0 O Ibee, Gibe IP ee LS Os a0) Buxton, Major G. 1 OO Newall, R. S. eee OL 0 70 Buxton, Mrs. Ie On @ Rawlence, Guy : 5 0 Lawrence, Bal: Per slenoalons iQ) Hyde-Parker, Admiral 15 O Engleheart, Rev. G. H. Dede Ely.de-Parker, irs saseer 15 O Caleta; Io 18. 10 6 Thomas, Mrs. | ue Jennings, R. 10 O Mackness, F. A. Noe 10 6 Walker, General 5 0 IPAS) Ae J). Be 10 6 aes SN: 10 6 WeseynnD: iuohee ue 1Q) Hankey, Basil H. Ae OO) Jalehioniliyor, £\, 1B); ae 10 0 Thompson, G. Malcolm Lele 0) ATK \Vee: see OMA, Coddands: Mics wiles nr) O10) Hartnoll, Mrs. Sear Oa sO) Cunnington, B. H. 10 6 Bateson, H. S. a 10 O Stevens, Frank eer ey Oree@ Pitzmaunice Wordeman OrasO Jackson, Mrs. cao lle oles ae () Williams, A. T. a 15 O Dominy, Mrs. Loe Jones, Rev. Meyrick F. 5 0 Cary, Commander Ee 10 6 Canning, Col. A. a Do 0 Arkell, I. N. AM eel on Ohare) Shaw Mellor, A. Fe dene Os Morse, -W. L. peed 1-9 CINE, Se lal, IR ee 10 6 Sainsbury, H. J. Os ae ara 390) Roles Simian e Sse cenn eral iy, (0) Stolen INE. PAN esn ae 5.0 Gundry, We Die. 10 O Myers, Canon - ee ane 18) Flower, C. T. ae 10 O Museum Maintenance Fund Appeal, 1934. Calley, Miss Phormety, Ff. 7. Gwatkin, Major R. = Bell, Col. W. Heward Wordsworth, Rev. Can. Heytesbury, Col. Lord Parsons, Mrs. Mather, Miss L. Briggs, Admiral C. J.... yaekson kev, J; B. ... Slade, W. Goold Russell, S. Brasseyy Col. FE. Lansdowne, Lord Usher, 1. C. Mackirdy, Capt. E. M. Roundway, Rosalind, Lady Deedes, Major J. ex Forester, Egerton Forester, Mrs. Egerton Wright, Mrs. Fitzherbert Holloway, Miss Stella s 1 i) — Ol — — 17) — — Ooo oF OS UOa ni aee = © Gs = — jd Or Or Sr Ot Ot © SSOSDODSD COO oOCO aC OOO CC Ooo oe Bailey, Wady Janet... Dartnell, H. W. Gimson, H. M. Manley, Canon F. H.... Brenchy i Golv€. IN: Sainsbury, H. Woodward, C. H. Osborne. jek: Dotesio, W. C. Walrond, ik. S. Young, G. M. Phaliips is. Tothill, Lady Story Maskelyne, } Miss Godwin, Miss J. D. Simpson, Ne 1B}, Jeffcoat, Rev. R. Sandy, G. Manley, Canon F. et. Powell, J. W. Mophouse: RG: Sie (C, Balak, Elon 1) 2; (se) Or So CcCOooooC OOO ao CACC CCOaC Se 36 GREY FRIARS OF SALISBURY By WAL (G.kittiEe: The valuable discoveries, which Mr. and Mrs. Lovibond have made, of remains of the Grey Friars buildings in Windover House have stimulated interest in the friary, whose history, fragmentary as it is, is worth recording. On 10th September, 1224, a group of nine Franciscans landed at Dover. They consisted of Agnellus of Pisa, who had been appointed minister of the new province by St. Francis, three Englishmen who were in holy orders, and five laymen who were allforeigners. Before the year 1224 was out, they had established settlements in Canterbury, London, Oxford and Northampton.'! They reached Salisbury between 1225 and 1228, for the Grey Friars of Salisbury always honoured Bishop Richard le Poor as their founder, and he was translated from Salisbury to Durham in 1228. Bishop Richard gave them a suitable site,? and here apparently they remained for over three hundred years: there is no evidence that they ever moved to another site. A glimpse into their life in these early days is given by Friar Thomas of Eccleston, the first historian of the English province. Eccleston began collecting materials for his chronicle soon after 1230, and so it may be regarded as con- temporary evidence. After describing how the first friars at Canterbury used to sit round a fire at night in the school house after the scholars had gone home, and cheerfully pass round a mug of dregs of beer diluted with water, he continues : ‘‘ The like often happened at Salisbury where the friars drank their dregs round the fire in the kitchen at the evening collation with such lightheartedness and gladness that he counted himself lucky who could snatch the mug playfully from another.’ Henry III was agreat benefactor of the Grey Friars of Salisbury (as of other friaries) and for some years our information on the history of the house is derived only from the royal grants entered in the public records. The first is a grant of five oaks for timber to assist in the building of their houses on 22nd March, 1230; those oaks are to be felled and carried to the friary.*- In 1232 the foresters of Savernak and Chute are ordered to ' Tractatus fr. Thomae vulgo dictt de Eccleston De adventu fratrum minorum in Angliam, ed. A. G. Little, Paris 1909 (henceforth referred to as Eccleston), pp. 3—8, 11—13. An English translation is included in The coming of the Friavs Minor to England and Germany, by Miss E. G. Salter, Dent, 1926. > Charters, etc., illustrating the history of Salisbury, Rolls Ser. 1891 p. 269. Itinerarium Willelmi de Worcestre, ed. J. Nasmith 1778, pp. 81—-2 (extracts fromthe martyrology of the Grey Friars of Salisbury), W. of Worcester gives 1227 as the date of the foundation. (Ecclestone OF OKC eo tei, SOs Caves Jas, ty Do Lal. Grey Friars of Salisbury. 37 permit any persons possessing woods in those forests, who wish to give timber towards the building of the church of the Friars Minor of Salisbury, to take such timber without charge or hindrance.! In the same year the King sent them 20 pairs of rafters from one forest, 30 from another, and five old oaks to make shingles from another, all for the fabric of their church. Next year the church or chapel was nearing completion. On 10th September, 1233, the King ordered the sheriff of Dorset to fell five good oaks to make shingles for roofing the church or chapel, and to have these shingles made and carried to Salisbury, while the sheriff of Wiltshire is ordered to have the chapel roofed with the shingles.* In 1234 we have orders for timber to make stalls in the church and for more shingles to finish covering the roof.* While there are many gifts of wood for fuel in the reign of Henry III,’ this is the last grant of timber for building. We may conclude that the buildings were finished in 1234. They were evidently wooden structures, no doubt with daub filling. This was consonant with the will of St. Francis and the practice of the English province, as was also the wooden fence with which the friars enclosed their court or area, for which the King gave 16 cartloads of pales in Clarendon Forest on 26th December, 1252.° It is not known when the Church was consecrated. The city docu- ments make reference to a felon who took sanctuary in it in 1260. There were 20 friars in the house in 1243, when the King supphed their clothing. Building had evidently strained their resources, though most of the material and some of the labour was given free. In 1244 the King gave these friars ten marks for their maintenance from the vacant Bishopric of Bath, and 20 marks in 1246 to pay their debts.” Ten years later the King gave orders that the Friars Preachers of Wilton and the Friars Minor of Sarum and a hundred “‘ pauperes ”’ should be | fed, so that each ‘‘ pauper’ has 1d. for the soul of Robert de Mares." William of York, Bishop of Salsbury 1246—56, had a Franciscan, Fr. H. de Syreford, on his staff to assist him in his episcopal duties and was much agitated about 1254 at the prospect of losing his services." Life at a Bishop’s court was not considered good for a friar and was | generally only permitted for short periods. The Dean, Robert of t ll t i i ! \ MOMeni i, Pp. 467. 20.C Rk. il, pp. 43, 45; “ XX copulas ’—-perhaps split tree trunks. Orel. 200); Cibo it, tp. 230. OrC ir i pp. 310, 414. Metehave moted gitts of fuel to the Friars Minor of Salisbury, in Liberate Rolls for 1236, and in Close Rolls for the years 1232, 1236, 1241, 1258, 1267, 1268, 1269. * Close 18., 37 Jalem, JUL, sn, Aly 7 Information given by Mrs. Lovibond. 8 Réles Gascons, ed. Michel, i, No. 1969. ® Call, LGD. IR, Os HAAR IEHO, 1s, a0 eles JNO s00l5 7/- Dei wke 4 tien. Vly ma 127 1! Vionumenta Franciscana, i, 371—2. 38 Grey Friars of Salisbury. Hertford, was also a friend of the friars, and both the Grey Friars of Salisbury and the Black Friars of Wilton received a small annuity under his will in 1258.!_ Another benefactor among the secular clergy was Martin of St. Cross, master of the hospital of Sherburn, near Durham, who left the Friars Minor of Salisbury 6s. 8d. in 1259. He was a pluralist and held among other benefices the living of Tilshead, in Wiltshire.’ Though Salisbury with twenty friars was not one of the greater houses, it was for a short time in the 13th century the head of a custody or group of convents.’ Eccleston describes the characteristics of some of the custodies before the middle of the century. ‘‘ In the custody of Salisbury, over which brother Stephen presided, the special characteristic was the feeling of mutual affection. He himself was of such a sweetness, such a geniality, and such an exceeding charity and compassion, that, in so far as he could, he would not allow anyone to be made sad. Thus, when he came to die and the saving Host was brought to him, he saw in the Host (hostia) the door (ostiwm) through which he must enter, and thus singing with a loud voice the Salve regina misericordiae, he passed away blissfully at Salisbury.’’+ The custody of Salisbury was later incorporated in that of London, which included the houses of London, Salisbury, Canterbury, Winchelsea, Southampton, Lewes, Winchester, and Chichester. Another distinguished friar, Ralph of Rheims—who in spite of his name was an Englishman—ended his long and strenuous life at Salisbury about 1257. He had been sent by Gregory IX with Haymo of Faversham (later minister general) on an embassy to the Greek Emperor, John Vatatzes, in 1233; he probably knew St. Francis and had certainly been in close touch with the immediate companions of the Saint and told the Salisbury friars stories about his life and sayings.’ Salisbury does not appear as one of the special places of study in the order and no evidence has yet been found that the Franciscans gave theological lectures in the Cathedral schools, as they did, e.g., at ' St. Osmund’s Register (R.S.), i, 392—3. The amount depended on other variable payments ; in any case it was only a fraction of a mark between the two houses. 2 Durham Wills (Surtees Soc., 1835), i, p. 6—11; Cal. Pat. R. Hen. ITI (1259), p. 48. ° Cf. A. G. Little, Studies in English Franciscan Hist., pp. 235—8. * Eccleston, pp. 44—45 ; Miss Salter’s translation, p. 50—51. » Eccleston, pp. 35, 90, 91,95. Wimborne Minster had a large collection of relics: see list in J. Hutchins, Hist. of Dorset (1803), ii, pp. 557—8. Among relics of the Virgins was “ part of the cloth upon which St. Clara lay.’’ Among relics of the Confessors were ‘‘ some of the clothes of St. Francis, his hairs and hairshirt.”’ It may be suggested that these Franciscan relics came to Wimborne from the Greyfriars of Salisbury and that Ralph of Rheims is the most likely person to have brought them to Salisbury. By A. G.~ Little. 39 Canterbury, London and Worcester. But a large proportion of the few Salisbury friars whose names we know were men of learning and link the convent with the universities. Fr. Simon of Wimborne was a friar at Salisbury c. 1250, and it is probable that Fr. W. of Wimborne, 8th master of the Cambridge friars, also came from the Salisbury house.! Fr. Henry of Woodstone, as a promising young man, wassent by the Salisbury convent as their scholar to Oxford (c. 1250). The learned chancellor of the Cathedral, Ralph Hegham, was interested in him and lent hima copy of Isidore’s Etymologies, a medieval encyclopedia and very useful to a student. One is glad to know that Fr. Henry returned it: it is still in the Cathedral library (MS. 142). At Oxford, Woodstone studied and taught and heard confessions (he was already a priest). On 25th July, 1256, a priest, named Ralph, being in mortal sin, was celebrating mass for the dead in the Church of St. Mary Magdalene in the suburb of Oxford. As he elevated the Host and raised his eyes he saw descending from the height, head downwards, a man, who seized the Host with one hand and dealt him a severe blow on the jaw with the other. Ralph fainted, and, when he recovered, sent his confession to a sick priest hard by who instructed him to go to the Bishop’s penitentiary. ‘‘ The Bishop’s penitentiary at that time was Fr. Henry de Wodeston, O.F.M., and the said priest (Ralph) was his scholar. The penitent asked him to tell this miracle to all faithful Christians out of reverence to the Body of Christ without specifying the sin ’’—and accordingly we find it in many collections of evempla. Woodstone does not seem to have returned as lecturer to Salisbury. In 1270 he was leading a vigorous campaign against the Jews—arguing before the council that they should be forbidden to hold manors with the incidents of wardship, marriage, advowsons and presentations to livings : he drew up a memorandum which was adopted by the brothers Giffard, Arch- bishop of York and Bishop of Worcester, and became the basis of legislation. His last appearance is in 1285, as an influential member of the provincial chapter at Cambridge.” Our next friar also takes us into politics. Fr. Hugh of Brisingham was lector to the Franciscans of Oxford ; after taking his D.D. degree there about 1265 and fulfilling the duties of regent master, he was sent on to Cambridge as regent master and lecturer to the friars. The theological faculty at Cambridge was not very secure and it was the policy of the Franciscan province to give it prestige and permanence by sending a succession of their most distinguished teachers to | Cambridge, such as William Melton, Thomas of York, Thomas Bungay, | Roger Marston—all men with European reputations. As Hugh of | Brisingham comes in the middle of this group, we may conclude that Beclesion, pp. 712, 122. 2See A. G. Little, ‘Fr. Henry of Woodstone and the Jews”’ in B.S.F.S., Collectanea Franciscana, ii, 150—156, and ‘‘ The Franciscan | School at Oxford’ in Arch. Franc. Hist., xix, (1926), pp. 815—16. 40 Grey Friars of Salisbury. his reputation was high, though nothing of his theological work has survived.' He was at Salisbury in 1280, probably as lecturer, when he had to deal with an important matter touching his Convent and Order. The Statute of Mortmain was passed on 15th November, 1279 ; it forbade the acquisition of landed property by religious persons. The friars, like other religious bodies, were naturally agitated, and Hugh of Brisingham went to Wells and Bristol to talk to the chancellor, Robert Burnel. Then returning to Salisbury he wrote hima long letter? urging first that certain friends of the friars at Salisbury should not suffer for granting some adjacent land which was urgently needed for the enlarge- ment of the house, and secondly that grants to the Franciscans should not come under the law, because they could own nothing in this world ; they only had the use of things, and could lawfully be turned out at any time by the grantors who remained owners of the property. The first petition was granted at once;* the second was rightly ignored. Edward I. and Robert Burnel were practical men, and knew that the right to expel the friars, though good at law, was a dead letter in fact. Friar Hugh argued well, but it was a bad case. On 10th September, 1302, Simon of Ghent, Bishop of Salisbury, commissioned Fr. Richard de Slykeborn, O.F.M., to hear the confession “of our beloved daughter in Christ, Mabel Abbess of Shaftesbury.’’* As Salisbury was the only house of Grey Friars in the diocese to which Shaftesbury was easy of access, we may assume that Fr. Richard was then resident there. Let us see what the entry in Simon’s Register meant for the Salisbury friars. Mabel Giffard was a great lady ; she belonged to a noble house: one brother had been Archbishop of York, another had just died as Bishop of Worcester, both men of weight in church and state: she herself was now approaching her end, but was still Abbess of the greatest and wealthiest Nunnery in England. Richard de Slykeborn was used to the ways of great ladies ; some twenty years before this he had been the trusted agent of the Lady Devorguila in all affairs relating to the foundation of her College of Balliol.» Fr. Richard had lived a life of storm and stress in the custody of Newcastle : the Scottish border was in the throes of war and was no place for an elderly friar, and Fr. Richard had been sent south to end his days in peace. He was known as a collector of stories suitable for the pulpit or the hall. Most probably he was the author of the so-called Lanercost Chronicle down ' Eccleston, pp. 71—2. A. G. Little, ‘‘ The Friars and the foundation of the Faculty of Theology at Cambridge,’ in Mélanges Mandonnet (1930), ii, pp. 389—401. . PReOsAnc. Corresp) scat Sl a(primted in i seein. OctobpemmlOs4)s * See below, p. 41. * Registrum Simonis de Gandavo (C. and Y. Soc.), p. 89. ° Oxford Balliol Deeds, ed. Salter, O.H.S., 1913, 279—285, 331—3. Cerved Stone bearing Wilkam Windovers Merchants Mark Inscribed Boundary Stone bearing Cale 16-- ey NG s te ty Ps 6 e i SP oN No Ga ee GREY ERIAKS SALISBURY Ground Plan Scale ; = = ‘= = = = of feet ma Existing orginal Fre’ Reformation | susie 73 arly Seventeenth Century ---- Modern Prare It Fig. 2.—Roof.timbers over north end of room B. PraTe iT. ig. 2.—Inside of north gable-end of room R, showing soot from Friars’ fires. PACES sollte: Fig. 1.—Roof timbers of room R. PLATE IV. Fig. 1.—-Eastern side of hammer-beam truss of roof over room R showing upper side of beams of ceiling in Fig. 2. Fig. 2.—Ceiling added under roof of room R. Fig. 2.—Early 17th century timber-framed building covered with tiles, in St. Ann’s Street, on probable site of chapel, now ‘‘ Windover House’’. By A.G. Litile. 4] to the year 1297 ; if so, he brought to the quiet house at Salisbury a wealth of strange experiences and a fund of entertaining gossip.' More excitement was caused in the Order by the acquisition of another elderly recruit. The Register of the London Grey Friars contains a lst of “‘ persons of importance in the world who entered the Order of Friars Minor in England.’’ Among them is ‘‘ Fr. John of Winchelsey, D.D. and Canon of Salisbury, who entered at Salisbury but died while still a novice.”’? He was nephew of Archbishop Winchelsey, fellow of Merton, D.D. of Oxford, and held various benefices. He became a friar in 1326 and died either in 1326 or 1327. His entry suggests that the relations between the Cathedral and the friary were still friendly. Indeed:there seem to be norecords of quarrels with either the Cathedral or the secular clergy or the Dominicans who had established a house at Eishenomeperore 1280. Can this be-said of any other friary ? It would seem that the sweetness and charity which had characterised the first custodian had become a tradition with the Grey Friars of Salisbury. When Hugh of Brisingham wrote to the Chancellor in 1280, it is clear that preparations had already been made for an increase in the friary area. On27th July, 1280, the King granted lcence for the Friars Minor of Salisbury to receive in mortmain from any friends, who desire to give or demise to them, any houses or places adjoining their house there for the enlargement of their place, as the King understands that they have no property but use only in donatives.* This was sufficient to authorise the grants, so no enquiry was held, a loss tous asan Inguisitio ad quod damnum would have given details about the ground now acquired. Two new facts now call our attention. The first is the increase in the number of friars. Thus in 1285 we find the Friars Preachers and Minor of Salisbury each receiving 40s. from the King for three days’ food ; this means that each house contained 40 friars, and this number remains pretty constant during the rest of Edward I’s reign. Thus in November, 1289, the Friars Minor had 40s. for three days ‘‘ and on the fourth day when they came in procession to meet the King when he made his offerings in the Cathedral (another) 40s.’”’ The number had risen to 44 in 1335." The second fact is the enlargement of the house. In the early build- ings, as we have seen, wood was the principal material ; now it is stone. In 1290 Edward I allowed the friars to use the fallen stone from the broken-down walls within the castle of Old Sarum in aid of the work of ' Chronicon de Lanercost, ed. J. Stevenson, 1839. ‘‘ The Authorship Guanine lamercost Chronicle,” by A. G. Wittle, Eng. Masi. Rev.. xxxi, 269—279, xxx, 48—9. > Grey Friars of London, by C. L. Kingsford (B.S.F.S.), 200. 3 Cal. Pat. R., 1272—81, p. 392. scout kh On xch vACets., 302/183 3807/9.) Chancery, Misc, 4/2) 4/4, Ajo. Brit. Mus. MS. Add., 7965, f. 7; Cotton Nero C. viii, f. 201. 42 Grey Friars of Salisbury. their chapel,’ and early next year he ordered the sheriff of Wiltshire to deliver the stone of the cellar, which was the old treasury of the great church in the old castle of Salisbury, to friar Salomon, O.F.M., for the profit of the house of the Friars Minor of Salisbury.*, Perhaps only the church, which was dedicated to St. Mary,* was built with this stone, and the houses which already stood on the new-acquired land may have been utilised to accommodate the increased number of friars. The city documents record that the King in 1293 gave to Friars Minor “‘ thorns and brambles for a fence ’’+—presumably to enclose their new area. Nicholas Longespee, the aristocratic Bishop of Salisbury, was interested in the new buildings and in his will, made in 1295, left to the Friars Minor of Salisbury 100 marks for the fabric of their church.° It was the new stone church which Ralph Monthermer at the end of his romantic life chose as his last resting place in 1325.6 In 1290, Edward I married his daughter Joanna of Acre to Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford and Lord of Glamorgan. It was a political match. She was 18: he was 47. In the Earl’s household was a young squire, Ralph of Monthermer, whose origin and even legitimacy were doubtful. The countess-princess fell in love with him and on her husband’s death (1295) got her father to knight her lover and then secretly married him. When the King tried to marry Joanna to a Prince of Savoy, the truth came out and the storm burst. Sir Ralph was imprisoned and ‘‘endured great sufferings ’’ for his lady-love, but he soon won the confidence of Edward I, stuck to him in dark times, served with distinction in the Scottish wars and received the Earldom of Athol (which he subsequently sold to make provision for his children), and was made warden of Scotland. He was taken prisoner at Bannockburn but was chivalrously set free without ransom by Robert Bruce who had learnt to know and admire him in earlier fights. His wife died in 1307 ; he married again in or before 1319, his second wife being also a great lady—Isabella, widow of John Hastings, and sister and co-heiress of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke.’ The families of Hastings and Pembroke were noted benefactors of the Friars’ Minor. Monthermer is the only great noble who is recorded to have been buried in the Grey Friars Church. It was chosen as a burial place Cal Clescvn Od slay @l ati aon S2F * Chancery Warrants, i, p. 30. * Obituary Roll af William Ebchester, etc., ed. J. Raine, Surtees Soc., xxx1 (1856), No. 535. 4 Information from Mrs. Lovibond. ° Eng. Hist. Review, xv (1906), p. 525. ° Itinerarirum W. de Worcestre (1778), p. 81. FID IN JS), * Monthermer’s stepdaughter, the munificent Elizabeth de Burgh Lady of Clare, left the Grey Friars of Salisbury 40s. in 1360, but this was not in pious memory of her stepfather. She left legacies to over fifty friaries : Nichols, Royal and Noble Wills (1780), pp. 22—43. By.A. G: Little. 43 by some of the local gentry and the citizens, but few instances have come to light. The relations of the friars with the citizens seem to have been cordial. In 1335 the city records! contain a payment of six marks, and also of 12 pence for felling 10 oaks for fire-wood for the Grey Friars. The Black Death seems in this city to have stimulated devotion and charity to the friars, for immediately after this visitation we find them building again, though the cost of building was now high. On 21st January, 1350, Edward III granted protection for two years for the carpenters, masons and other workmen hired by the guardian of the Friars Minor of Salisbury for the repair of their church and the houses of the dwelling-place there.2 The mention of two years implies considerable alterations. Among them might be the enlargement of the refectory and the heightening of the hall by the fine hammer- beam roof, though this is probably rather later. _ A few years later the friars were endeavouring with the help of some _ friends to enlarge their premises by the acquisition of a messuage (worth 40s. a year) and a toft (worth 5s. a year) adjoining their house. There _seems to have been no difficulty about the toft, and some prominent citizens, William Randolf, formerly bailiff of Salisbury, Robert de _ Hethelhampton and others had licence to alienate it in 1357.5 There was more difficulty about the messuage, of which the Bishop was lord _and which paid an annual rent of 2s. 2d. to the Bishop and 40s. to the Dean and chapter. Walter atte Bergh, who was a tenant-in-chief, _and bailiff of Salisbury for life,t J.P. for Wiltshire and one of the _ justices for keeping the statute of labourers, proposed to give this to the friars and provide for the annual payments to the Bishop and Chapter out of other tenements in the city,® and he also had licence to do this. _The Dean and Chapter were willing, but the Bishop, Robert Wyville, refused his consent and held up the proceedings for ten years. The ground of his objection was that it was contrary to his oath against the alienation of Church property. It was true that he was to get an | equivalent, and it might be all right, but he was an old man and was not going to risk damnation for perjury ; he must have permission from _the Pope. This was not given till 16th September, 1367, when Urban _V. instructed the Archbishop of Canterbury to authorise the transaction if the facts were as stated.’ Walter atte Bergh lived to see this happy issue ; he died in 1369.7 : Information supplied by Mrs. Lovibond. *C.P.R., p. 445. * Inquisitio ad quod damnum, file 321, No. 13. C.P.R. Edw. IIT, _ 1354—8, p. 588 (cf. ibid, pp. 122, 124, 295, 396, 401, 550, 649 for men- tion of some of the donors). ings a-qide, tale 303. No. 2) | ° One of these was “illud tenementum angulare quod vocatur la | Ryole cum shopis celariis et aliis pertinentiis suis.” nq aed, 321 | No. 13. | ° Bullarium Franciscanum, vi, p. 413. Cal. Geis POA: fe Cake wid. fit, 1367-70, p, 349. 44 Grey Friars of Salisbury. The provincial Chapter met at Salisbury August 14th, 15th and 16th, 1393. It is the first time that we hear of the Chapter meeting in this house. But the Chapter was remarkable on other grounds. King Richard II was present. ‘‘ The King,” says a chronicler who was in close touch with Franciscan affairs,! ‘‘ splendidly feasted the Chapter of Friars Minor at Salisbury and ate with them there in the refectory, having with him the Queen Anne and Bishops and other lords, on the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Mary (15th August), and there he wore the regalia and crown.’ This is supported by the daily accounts of the royal household.? On Thursday, 14th August, the King arrived at Salisbury from Downton : the sum of the expenditure on that day amounting to £35 lls. 83d. On Friday, 15th August (the Assumption), ‘“ at the Friars Minor Salisbury ”’ the sum rose to £80 3s. 83d., the heaviest items being buttery £27 10s. 5d. and kitchen £28 13s. 7d. On Saturday and Sunday, also at the same place, the household expenses fell to £29 Is. 65d. and £33 2s. 93d. The sum for August 15th seems large, but was sometimes greatly exceeded on other Church festivals: e.g., on the previous Christmas Day the expenditure was nearly £200. One would naturally expect the King to be staying with the Bishop of Salisbury, John Waltham, at this time treasurer, for whom Richard II had such an affectionate admiration that when he died two years later he insisted on his being buried ‘‘ among the Kings ”’ in the Chapel of Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey.* But the phrase ‘““apud Fratres Minores’’* in the household accounts suggests that the King was actually staying at the Grey Friars from 15th—17th August (on Monday, 18th, he returned to. Downton). If so, it is a puzzle to see what happened to the 30 or 40 friars of the house and to the 100 or so friars who came as members of the chapter. On the whole it seems more likely that the King with his Queen and some members of the court merely dined in the refectory with the friars on the 15th August—the feast being supplied by the officers of the royal household. The chapter was presided over by the provincial minister, John Tyssington, D.D., a violent opponent of Wicliffite doctrines. He was assisted in the conduct of the meeting by a standing committee of four friars. The chapter included the seven custodians, and one or two representatives of each convent—often the guardian and the lector. Proceedings began with a solemn mass. Reports from the convents were received : any guardians and other officials who were found want- ing were condemned to penances or to deposition, and others were elected to fill the vacant places: One feature im’ the reports! now. 'Eulogium Historiavum (Rolls. Ser.), ii, 369 (where the year is wrongly given as 1392). > P.R.O. Excheq. Accts., 402/10 (Keeper’s book). Brit. Mus. MS. Add., 35115 (Controller’s book). eID IN IB. * This occurs only in the Controller’s book, not in the Keeper’s. A. Gitte, Greyirviars 1m Oxford, ©. Ike Sep. 251s yw A Gaile. 45. becoming prominent was the increasing number of houses which were in debt. Then again Pope Boniface IX was lavishly conferring papal chaplaincies on friars, which made the maintenance of discipline more difficult, as those papal chaplains claimed to be exempt from obedience to their superiors. The provincial minister induced the King to join in a vigorous protest to the Pope against this abuse.! The painful case of Fr. Thomas Wyke probably came up at this chapter ; he was a friar of Shrewsbury, priest and D.D., but had became a leper, and his fellow friars would not have him in the house. The King was interested in the matter’: he wrote to the Pope that the poor man had been expelled and was starving, and the friars ought to be made to provide for him. The Pope did not consider the friars were in a position to do this, but authorised Wyke to take any benefice that was offerred him.’ But if none were offered him? The case was something of a scandal and not creditable to the Order. The friars however did get a patron to help them out of their difficulty. On 16th October, 1394, Sir Hugh Burnell presented Fr. Thomas Wyke to the Rectory of Sutton-in-Corvedale in Shropshire : it seems to have been a small place with few inhabitants.* A few days before the Pope had given this cold comfort to Thomas Wyke, he had authorised another English friar, Fr. Roger of England, O.F.M., to enlist a band of 24 missionaries from any provinces in the Order and lead them to the far east to convert the Tartars.? Roger’s appeal would naturally come before the Chapter at Salisbury: what success it had we do not know. These were exceptional matters. In the ordinary routine of the chapter would be the grant of letters of fraternity to special bene- factors, the ordination of masses for friars and benefactors who had died since the last chapter, the election of friars suitable to presentation tor degrees at Oxford and C ambridge, the appointment of lecturers in the convents and the licensing of friars who had been asked to lecture in schools outside the Order to accept such offices. It was about this year, perhaps in this chapter, that William Woodford, the most learned and wisest of the English Franciscans of this period, received license to become. lecturer in theology in the Cathedral schools of St. Payl’s, London, an office which he filled for over twenty years.°® Pa UNA MEVONes Al poo Cal Pape lay ive. 508, Ch. 275s etc. 2 Diplomatic Correspondence of Ric. II, ed. Perroy, 1933, p. 99. * Bullarium Franciscanum, vii, p. 32; Cal. Pap. L., iv, 454 (28rd November, 1392). * Heref. Epis. Reg : Trefnant, p. 179. On 10th April, 1398, Burnell presented John Smyth to Sutton Chapel—which is probably the same living : 1bid, p. 182. bull Pvanc. vil, wo. alls Cal. Pap... iv, 43). ° See the forthcoming book of Fr. Marcellus on W. Woodford (to be published by the Capuchin Fathers at Assisi). 46 Grey Friars of Salisbury. Two other friars who must have been present at the chapter may be mentioned—the predecessor and successor of John Tyssington in the provincialate, both of them known to the King. The first was Thomas of Kingsbury ; he was interested in natural science and music and his cultured mind and courteous manners attracted Richard II who about this time tried to get a bishopric for him. The second was Nicholas Fakenham, who had plans for ending the Great Schism and shortly after- wards developed these ideas in lectures at Oxford by the King’s command.’ It is curious that Richard does not seem to have shown much favour to the Franciscans, many of whom after his deposition preached rebellion against the usurpation of Henry IV and suffered death in Richard’s cause. Richard often commanded friars to preach before him. Thus the Household Accounts for the year Sept., 1392—Sept., 1393, record 14 sermons by friars (Dominicans, Carmelites and Augustinians) but none by Franciscans.’ No Salisbury friars risked their lives for Richard’s sake. The history of the friary is almost a blank from this time till the dissolution. Thereare signs that the friendly relations with the Cathedral and city were maintained. The Cathedral procession book provided > for visits tothe Grey, Priars) Church by the Cathedralvenomu, amd dignitaries, and when Bishop Beauchamp was holding his visitation in 1475 he was informed that out of twenty sermons preached annually in the Cathedral, nine were assigned by old custom to Dominican and Franciscan friars.* From 1451 to 1533 meetings of a guild were held in the common hall of the Friars Minor.? The number of the friars was probably falling throughout the 15th cent. in this as in other houses; it was stated at the end of the century that half the existing houses could accommodate all the Franciscans in England.® So our friars finding themselves overhoused with a dwindling income tried to solve the problem by letting part of their premises as lodgings. There is, how- ever, evidence of a good deal of building at the Salisbury house c. 1485 —1509, perhaps rather in the addition of amenities than in enlargement. Thus the three chimneys were added or repaired at this time. One of them is built on the filled-up well. This implies that the friars must have acquired another water supply, though no evidence has come to 1 The Grey Friavs iw Oxtord, by A. G. Little, 250, 252==3 Nic: Fakenham’s Treatise is printed in Arch. Franc. Hist., vol. 1. 2 J. H. Wylie, Hist. of England under Henry IV, vol. i, 271, 280. 3 Brit. Mus. MS. Add., 35115. * Ceremonies and Processions of the Cathedral Church of Salisbury, ed. Ch. Wordsworth, 1901, pp. 122, 154. » Information supplied by Mrs. Lovibond. A fraternity of St Francis at New Sarum is mentioned in the will of John Browne, 1503; Black Book of Southampton, ed. A. B. W. Chapman, iii, 34. ° Tudor Studies presented to A. F. Pollard (1924), p. 40. By A.G. Little. 47 light that they made a conduit, which is a feature of many, perhaps most, of the English Franciscan friaries. In August, 1510, another provincial chapter was held here, towards the expenses of which Henry VIII contributed £10.' Apart from these facts all we know at present is confined to a few bequests and ‘burials in the Church. Thus in 1462 Wilham Lord Botreaux left them 40s., in 1485 Robert Ringbourn, Esq., desired to be buried ‘‘in the chapel of St. John within the church of the Friars Minor of Salisbury,’’ to whom he left 100s. : in 1503 Sir Robert Cheyny Knt., and in 1512 Thurston Chaydok were buried in the church.? The remains recently dug up on the site were those of friars and poor folk buried without coffins. The episcopal registers will no doubt give the names of a number of friars ordained and licensed to hear confessions, and the Cathedral and city records ought to yield a few new facts.’ The Salisbury friars seem to have taken the oath of supremacy without resistance in 1534.* In February, 1538, Richard Ingworth, Dominican, suffragan Bishop of Dover, received the royal commission to visit all the houses of friars in England, with power to examine into and correct abuses ;* and in May he was further ordered to put the goods of the houses, which he has visited or shall visit, into safe custody, and to take inventories.’ He had no authority to dissolve houses but he might accept voluntary surrenders, and after a short experience of making inventories and sequestering seals he writes to Cromwell on 23rd May, 1538, ‘that I think before the year be out there shall be very few houses able to live, but shall be glad to give up their houses and provide for themselves otherwise, as there they shall have no living.’’® In July he madea preliminary visit to Salisbury, where he found both houses of friars in good order.’ He made an inventory and no doubt took away keys and seals. On 20th August, 1538, John Lord Fitzwarren wrote to Cromwell asking that he might have a lease of the Black Friars with a right of pre- emption of their stuff, and begging for a similar favour for ‘“‘ your servant Mr. Goodale”’ (bailiff of Salisbury), with regard to the Grey Friars. He “dwelleth next to it’’ and “taketh so much pains for the common weal and in helping and furthering poor men’s matters as I knew never bailiff to do like in my time.’”* But Goodale had enemies who later "1k, C212, 1alOAy VITALS ii We * Nicolas, Test. Vetusta, 191; P:€.C. Logg, £. 103: Kent Sede Vacante Wasp. 190 > P:C-C. Betiplace, £. 18. * There is no mention of them in Rymer’s Federa, vol. xiv. pene Pe velcn. V hin, xii, 1, No. 225 = Walkins, Concilia, III, 829. wome-wly len. Voll hy xi, 1, Now 926); Wilkans: Ill, $35, ® Wright, Suppression, p. 194. ieee len. Vill xan, 1, Now b4o6 8 Wright, Suppression, 216. 48 Grey Friars of Salisbury. secured his arrest and imprisonment.' Meanwhile another applicant appeared. Charles Bulkeley, a J.P. for Wiltshire, wrote to Cromwell from the Grey Friars at Sarum on 2lst September, 1538, asking for the house of the Grey Friars which is likely to be soon in the King’s hands. ‘““T have had lodging in it this 20 year, at 26s. 8d. a year, which is all the yearly profits they receive within the precinct of the house. I will give 100/ for it, and would use the timber and stone to build my own lodging, trusting there to keep twice as many persons as there now are friars, who shall work for their hving without begging.’’ He also would like to buy the ‘“‘ jewels and goods’’ which were valued at about 100 marks.” Ingworth returned to Salisbury on 30th September (from Dorchester) and secured the surrender of both friaries on 2nd October. That of the Grey Friars was signed by ten friars, the first two of whom, John Burthamus and Thomas Man, were B.D.’s. The third, Wiliam Redyng, describes himself as ‘‘ W ’’—perhaps warden.’ All who were priests probably received ‘‘ capacities,”’ i.e., licence to serve as secular clergy as the visitors admitted that until the friars had their capacities ‘‘ we have to find them meat and drink.” * The stuff entrusted to John Shaxton and John Goodale for the King consisted of the high altar, a table of imagery gilt (i.e., reredos ?), a lamp, stalls, organ loft and two lecternes in the choir; four altars, one alabaster, and fair forms in the church (or nave) ; two bells, one ‘‘a fair bell’’ in the steeple. In the vestry were five laten candlesticks, a golden cope with the offeras (orphreys ?) imagery, 17 other copes, white satin, blue, green, and black, and “ 4 litill copis for childerne,”’ six suits of vestments and many single vestments, palls, altar cloths, etc., and various articles of furniture including seven chests ‘‘ never one good,”’ a ‘‘ fair press,’ and a number of tables and benches in frater, parlour and hall.® It would be unsafe to infer from the order—choir, church, steeple— that the steeple was at the west end, not (as usual in friars’ churches) between the choir and the nave. The mention of a hall, as distinct from the frater or refectory, is unusual. Besides these, there were sold to pay the debts, three suits of vest- ments and four copes (poor), all for 10/, also a pair of organs (broken), two candlesticks, and the stuff of the chambers, which was very poor, for 41 2s. The debts drew 19/, great part being to brewers and others VEG Rs Hen, Vali aie 11 NOM Ss: xiv, eNOS We ies 4b, Gs JP, Jel, WIT, seu, iy INO, 2033. 3..& P., Hen. VIII, xiii, u, No. 418; Wilts Arch. Mag., xxx (1899), p. 30; and p. 52 below. ® Ibid., No. 518; Wilts. Arch, Mag., xxx, p. 30—32 where the surrender and imvenitony) shave been printed sain) jill byan the ier ammlancls Clark-Maxwell; reprinted below, pp. 52—4. By A.G. Little. 49 for necessaries, and the rest to the warden: 12/ 12d. (sic) satisfied all. The visitor has for the King 59s. and 2780z. of silver. The visitor paid his own charges.! Apparently nothing was given to the friars. Charles Bulkeley’s offer of £100 for the friary was not accepted, perhaps not renewed, but he and his wife became tenants, holding (a) the dwelling-place (mansio) where he had already been Jiving for the last twenty years, which lay on the south side of the Church, together with a garden adjacent and a way (via) from the dwelling-house to the garden, for forty years, at a rent of six quarters of good corn per year, at the rate of 5/4 per quarter, i.e., an annual rent of 32s. (as against the 26s. which he had previously paid to the friars) and (b) the rest of the site and precinct including orchard, garden, land and soil within the said site at a rent of 20s. a year for the duration of the lives of himself and his wife, by lease dated 23rd May, 1539.2. He gives unfortunately in this account, which he renders in 1539, no indication of the amount of land included in the precinct. It will be noticed that in this account Bulkeley makes no mention of any buildings except the ‘‘ mansio’’ which he occupied to the south of the church. The reason is that on 2nd August, 1539, he purchased all the buildings, enumerated as the church, choir, steeple, cloister, frater, dorter, chapter house, firmary, and all other lodgings and buildings of the same with two bells and lead.* He also assumed that the timber on the estate was included in the purchase—namely thirty (or, according to another account, forty) elms of eighty years’ growth—and proceeded to cut the trees down. The bells were valued at £10. The lead was considerable :—‘‘ the church all leaded, the upper part of the steeple lead, a gutter between the choir and the battlement, a great cloister and all four panes lead.’”’ The whole was estimated at thirty fother and valued at £100.4 As late as 1544 some attempt was made by the officials of the Court of Augmentations to secure the lead, bells and timber for the Crown,’ but the claim does not seem to have been pressed. In August, 1544, the property was sold to John Wrothe, one of the numerous speculators in monastic lands—the price being £39, 1.e., fifteen years’ purchase of the rent of 52s. paid by Bulkeley.’ It was ibid. 7 P.R.O., Mins. Accts., 7047. 3 Particulars for Grants, P.R.O., E. 318/1262. wii: © Ey. 36) 153, f. 7 v., P.R.O., Special Collections, 12/33/28. ® Particulars for grants, u.s. _ ° Ibid. Estimates of the value of the property varied very much. A | certificate drawn up by officers of the Court ‘of Augmentations on | 14th Feb., 1539 (P.R.O., S.C., 123/3/28), has the following note on the Grey Friars of Salisbury :—‘‘Churche and mansion in convenyent _astate. The same to be sold leuing an honest lodging estemed to VOL, XLVil——NO. CLXII. | ) E 50 Grey Friars of Salisbury. sold subject to Bulkeley’s lease, which still had some thirty-five years to run. How far the latter carried out his plans of pulling down and rebuilding is unknown.'! The next owner and occupier that we hear of is William Windover c. 1600. He seems to have been interested in the history of his house, for he built into the surrounding wall an inscription referring to “the friars: wall,” ? ABBREVIATIONS. Arch. Franc. Hist.— Archivum Franciscanum Historicum (Quaracchi). B.S.F.S.—British Society of Franciscan Studies. C.C.R.—Calendar of Close Rolls. C.P.R.—Calendar of Patent Rolls. C. Lib. R.—Calendar of Liberate Rolls. Cal. Pap. L.—Calendar of Papal Letters. C. & Y. Soc.—Canterbury and York Society. D.N.B.—Dictionary of National Biography. iccleston— tractatus, Er “homaes i i 9.4) de) hcclestonmredr A. G. Little, Paris, 1909. E.H.R.—English Historical Review. Inq. a.q.d.—Inquisitio ad quod damnum. L. & P. Hen. VIII.—Uetters and Papers Foreign and Domestic of the Reign of Henry VIII. Lib. R.—-Liberate Rolls. Mon. Franc.—Monumenta Franciscana (R.S.), 1 ed. Brewer, ii ed. Howlett. P.R.O.—Public Record Office. O.H.S.—Oxford Historical Society. P.C.C.—Prerogative Court of Canterbury (wills at Somerset House). R.S.—(Rolls Series) Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland, published under the direction of the Master of the Rolls. Wright, Suppression.—Letters relating to the Suppression of the Monasteries, ed. T. Wright, Camden Soc., 1843. NOTES ON THE EXISTING BUILDINGS. Dyan Ovo ND: The Convent buildings stand in an enclosure 118ft. long from north to south and 55ft. wide, on three sides of which was a thick flint wall, the remaining portions of which are shown on the plan. On the fourth or north side it is believed the Chapel stood which was probably built up to the road. 1 Charles Bulkely was sheriff for Wilts 1546. I have not noticed any later reference to him. 2 The inscription discovered by Mr. Lovibond in the west wall runs :—“‘ This wale belongeth/to William Windover/made at his charge/ ye Friars wale tak ... /anno domini 16...’ The wall also contains stones carved with Windover’s merchant’s mark. $ a Y 7 By A. G. Little. 51 By the construction of the building marked “‘R”’ (the Refectory) there is ttle doubt that this is the earliest of the Franciscan buildings remaining, as the outside was plastered in places where adjoining buildings now prevent the possibility of such plastering (Plate II, Fig 1). The room is about 20ft. square and 25ft. high and has a hole framed in the rafters about the centre of the roof, where the smoke from the fire, which originally burnt in the middle of the room, found its way out. The roof is composed of three trusses and retains nearly all the original timbers with the exception of some of the rafters of the southernmost truss which has been hipped. This room now has a ceiling, coved on two sides, springing from the wall plates, a portion of the curved moulded beams of which are shown in Plate IV, Fig. 2. This ceiling was no doubt added after the large chimney had been built, presumably in Henry VII's reign, or it may have been added still later in the early part of the 17th century when the remains of this Franciscan Convent were turned into a private dwelling house. Plate IV, Fig. 1, shows one side of the hammer-beam truss and the upper side of the added ceiling. Plate II, Fig. 2, shows the inside of the northern gable-end. The blackness on the plaster filling between the timbers is caused by the sooty deposit from the smoke of the Franciscan friars’ fires which were burnt in the middle of the room before the chimney was built. Plate III, Fig. 2, shows plainly a pair of rafters trimmed to form a hole for the smoke to go out. About 4ft. from the northern side of the Refectory stands another | room marked “A,” 18ft. long, 13ft. 6in. wide, and 7ft. 6in. high, with moulded beams dividing the ceiling into four squares. There is an upper storey to this room. Ten feet from the western side of the Refectory stands a building | marked “B.’’ The roof timbers of this building have been altered _ several times but it is not possible to describe the many alterations _here. The open fireplace in this room is said, on good authority, to _ have been built in Henry VII’s reign at the same time as three other | fireplaces, and was built over a surface-well about 6ft. square, the sides | being lined with squared chalk blocks which can be seen in Plate V, | ene _ This water hole was discovered in consequence of the right-hand jamb of the chimney sinking away, making it necessary to rebuild it. _ This chimney jamb was found to be resting on a flat stone which on | being moved disclosed six square holes which had originally contained |2in. square wooden piles as a foundation. This form of foundation was necessary because the chalk-lined water hole had been filled up | with soft earth. _ While digging out the earth it was 5 possible to cut these clearly defined holes in section from top to bottom and discover that the wooden piles had rotted completely away. E 2 52 Grey Friars of Salisbury. Next to the room marked ‘‘B”’ stands another building marked “K ” with well-constructed and preserved roof timbers. The roof of this is formed of three trusses, the centre one being in hammer beam form (PlateI, Fig. 1). This building has a lower and an upper chamber. There is a doorway formed in the southern gable-end at the level of the principal beam and the edges of the doorway are stop chamfered (Plate I, Fig. 2). The courtyard is now enclosed at the northern end by a collection of buildings facing St. Ann’s Street, built in the early part of the 17th century, it is believed upon the site of the Chapel (Plate V, Fig. 2). There is a good deal of stone work in the foundations of these early 17th century domestic rooms and most of the timber shows evidences of having been used before while some is unnecessarily massive for the purpose for which it was required. Both the timber and the stone may therefore originally have been used in the construction of the Chapel. SURRENDER OF THE GREY FRIARS OF SALISBURY,! 2ND. Oct., 30, HEN. VIII. [Reprinted from W.A.M., xxx, 30—33.] “Memorandum we the Wardeyn & Conuent of ye Graye Fryers of Salysbury wt one assent and consent wt owte any maner of coaccyon or consell do gyue ow’ howse in to y° handes of y° lorde vysytor to y° Kynge’s vse desyeryng his grace to be good and gracyous to vs. In wyttenes we subscrybe ow" namys w' ow’ proper handes the ij'" day of October In y* xxxt* yere of y° raygne of ow" most dred Souereyn lorde Kynge Henry y° xiij'. “fr Joh’es Burthamus baccalarius “fr Thom’s man bacca “fr Willm’s Redyng w “tr Thomas Poope “fr Will’ms Yong “fr. Willm’s Turnor “fr Will’ms Newman “fr Vincencius Tutty “fr Bartramus Byllyng “fr Robert Walkar ”’ : to, GIP, ele, WIL, “oll, sat, joanes IL, IN@, WIlS,| Inventory of the goods of the Grey Friars of Salisbury. “The Grey freerys of Salisbury.”’ “This indenture makith mencyon of all the stuffe of the grey freerys of Salisbury receyvyd by the lorde visitor vnder the lorde Preuey Seale for the Kingis grace & delyuerid to Mr. iohn Shaxton gentilman & to iohn goodale baly of Salisbury to See — 1 The original of this document is in P.R.©., E. 36/115, pp. 27—29. iy IB) Ale Gre IEOGUE. 53 and order to y® Kingis vse wt the howse & all the appurtenaunce till the Kingis plesure be further known. pBhexquere “Tt. the hey alter taabill of ymagery giltt “It. a lampe laten bason “Tt. feyer stallys well sileid wt an orgayne lofte pete aiiplectunmys timber | tine chinele PehemOne auiLenys on (7-2. one)) alabaster | Memever formiys ; tthe Stepill - Tt- ij bellis the on a feyer bell mebinesViestre “It. v. laten candelsticks small “Tt. vj cruettes G& an holy water stoppe Selncopis ““Tt. a golden cope w" y° offeras [orphreys] ymagery “It. uj white saten w'' y° offeras red saten ““Tt. v blewe copis ij w'* starys 147 w'® flowerys © on w' golden birdis “It, 4] grene copis 1j dornekes! & on silke “Tt. 111) white copis 11) dornikes & on bustion “It. on blacke cope silke “Tt. inj litill copis for childerne “Jt. ix small alter clotheis for lowe alterys ““It. vj for ye hey alter “It. vj towellys “It. x albys y' be not occupeid & ix surples “It. xx corporas cases wt x corporas in y°™ “Tt. 1j old grene chesabullys & ui) tunakill “It. a blacke co(r)pe wt a sute of blacke vestment ? “Tt. a Sute of white for ou" lady Pelvany Suits Of Srene faenasouLe Of blacke Svlcraneotier Sute Of white Peliea sue on redde Seltiesi) sengerll-redde vestmenites “It. a Sengeill vestment halfe blewe & halfe yelowe “Tt. on of chamlete “It. vj grene Sengeill vestimentis “Tt. 11) Redde Seingeill vestimentis “Tt. 111) Seingill vestimentes for lent y° on yelowe ple. an alter cloth for y° hey alter w™ a frontlet “a grene auter clothe wt 4 frontletis ' Dornyske, a coarse kind of damask. 2 A suit of vestments was chasuble, dalmatic and tunicle. 54 Grey Friars of Salisbury. “Tt. a golden pawell wt y frontletis ‘‘Tt. a blewe alter cloth w' 1j frontletis “Tt a Sute of hangines for the hey alter white and greene veluit “Wt. an other Sute of Kedde “Tt. 1j pallys y® on white & y° oter redde “Tt. a noter hangin alter clothe “Tt. ij olld grene pallys “Tt. ix frontletes on w' an other Olt. amp iblewe clotheis ‘It. viij olld broken vestmentes chesabulles & tunakilles ‘“It. vij chestes neuer on good “Nt. an olld™blacke clothe ‘“It. a borde & ij trestelles Sulltta a) fever Kesse S nbihesiney tne “It. ix tabilles & ij formys “The Parlar “It. 1] tabilles 111) trestelles & 1) formys “Tt. feyer bencheis well Sileid, a propar portall “ihe waa “Tt. inj tabilles viij trestellys ij formys ‘Tt. an olld cubborde “Tt. well benchid & dobill Sileid ‘‘Memorandum beside y** stuffe y* still Remaynith ther ys solld to ¢ ¢ ¢ a“ paye the dettes iij Sutis of vestmentes iiij copis pore all for x" also a payer organys broken ij candelstickes the stuffe of the chamberys w‘" was very pore wt other small thinges abrode for liij'! ijs the dettis drewe xix!' 6 above of the w* a gret parte was y' xij! xij? satisfeid everyman so ye howse y* owt of dett clere & the visitor hathe in his handis to y® kinges vse above y°° payementes lix® and beside y' in silver xij**) vac and XV1lj vnc’ And yy to. be notyd y- ‘evidens of 77> howse be iileyes vestte vnder y® keparys handis & y® visitor payde his owne chargis © so departid after 1j days being here p. me. IOHN SHAXTON p. me. lIOHN GOODALE [Extract from a. Return of the lead : P.R.O., E. 36/153.) The grey freres in Salisbury./ The Church all leaded the vpper parte of the steple leade/a gutter bitwene the quere/& the batilment/a greate cloystre & all iiij paines leade ”’ 55 SOME DISCOVERIES Al RATFYN, AMESBURY AND ftetk BEARING ON THE DATE OF WOODHENGE. Issy fe bees “Sus wis, 18) 85 ID) ete oor, The comparative isolation of the ‘‘ Woodhenge ’”’ culture in British pre-history has until recently been a source of no little wonder ; and in a county such as Wiltshire, which has received attention at so many hands, the absence of definite ceramic affinities is nothing less than extraordinary. Any discoveries, therefore, which are capable of throw- ing light on this little known culture are to be welcomed, and Ratfyn, near Amesbury, has fortunately supplied a number of finds which are capable of being utilised as checks by which to appraise the association evidence and homogeneity of this remarkable culture, first recognised by Mrs. Cunnington in her excavations at Woodhenge (Woodhenge, Devizes, 1929). The culture is distinguished mainly by its pottery and associated flint industry, and, since 1929, a number of sites producing these dis- tinctive types have been found in other parts of England. At Clacton, in Essex, the potsherds obtained by Mr. Hazzledine Warren were first recognised as similar to the Wocdhenge types by Mr. Stuart Piggott (I. D. Kendrick and C. F. C. Hawkes, Arche@ology in England and Wales, 1932, p. 93), and since then Mr. E. T. Leeds has obtained similar pottery from Pit P at Sutton Courtenay, Berkshire (Antiquaries J., 1934, xiv, 264). This pit bears a remarkable resemblance to one to be des- cribed from Ratfyn and contained a very similar assortment of objects. DESCRIPTION OF SITE AND FORMER FINDS. The site which immediately concerns us lies on the edge of a steep wooded slope about 70 feet above the River Avon and upon a spur of the 300ft. contour (Fig. 1). It is thus ina naturally defensible position, and from its eminence must have been comparatively dry compared with the swampy ground immediately bordering the slow running and tortuous river which even to this day is liable to floods over a large area. Across the river and one mile roughly to the N.W. lies Woodhenge, again on the 300ft. contour. In 1920 the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries built two houses on the Amesbury-Ratfyn bye-road, the chalk for the walls being extracted from a pit dug close to one of the houses. During the course of these excavations human skeletons, a vessel or vessels, and an axe- hammer were discovered and the discovery was subsequently most inadequately described in the Antiquaries Journal, Vol. i, p. 125. So vague is the description that one is left wondering what really was found and where, for no plan accompanied the find. Fortunately some of the sherds and the axe-hammer were deposited in the Salisbury Museum. Some Discoveries at Ratfyn, Amesbury. Avie vIN AND WOODHENGE O 100 200 300 406 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Weod henge oe Liable to floods «Amesbury - Marlborough aaa Figs Countess Millmesd/@” "300 Ratfynfe Cees aes = ee ce Barro es Amesbury - Andov so Fig.2 Fig. 3 ice Fig. 1.—Plan of Woodhenge area. Fig. 2.—Axe-hammer from Woodhenge (after Mrs. M. E. Cunnington), 4. Fig. 3.—Axe-hammer from Ratfyn, 3. IBY I, TE So SOMO, Terral a, ID IZ. 57 At the time of the discovery no vessels of the form found or bearing such ornament were known and it is natural that they lay in the museum unrecognised until quite recently when other finds close to the site of this discovery drew attention to them. The report on certain representative sherds submitted to Mr. Stuart Piggott, which is reproduced below, leaves no doubt whatever that they belong to the little-known Woodhenge—Clacton culture, which Mr. Piggott infers is contemporary with or slightly earlier than the beakers. Although no beaker or hint of “ hyphenated’ ornament was associated with the sherds, the Early Bronze and’ beaker affinities of the associated axe- hammer were emphasised by Mr. Reginald Smith in a note to the paper just referred to and this has since been confirmed by Dr. J. G. D. Clark in his study of the Dual Character of the Beaker Invasion (Antiquity, 1931, v, 415). At the time of the discovery Woodhenge and its con- tiguous barrows had not been investigated and here it should be recalled that a very similar axe-hammer was found with a beaker in Circle 1 at Woodhenge together with typical Woodhenge sherds in both the encircling outer and inner ditches and in some of the holes towards the centre near the beaker burial. Such associations as these at both sites prove almost conclusively that the two cultures were contemporary in date. For comparison the two axe-hammers are here illustrated side by side, the Woodhenge example (Fig. 2) being of red tourmaline granite with olive-green markings, and the Ratfyn example (Fig. 3) of a dark olive-green close-grained quartzite. In his last report on Excavations at Stonehenge (Antiquaries J., 1928, vii, 166) Lt.-Col. W. Hawley records the existence of a large circular earthwork at Ratfyn close to the site of the 1920 finds. Since it is noted that the site was not properly investigated and since no objects, other than some of Early Iron Age date, are mentioned, the matter need not concern us further here. EXCAVATIONS OF 1934. In July, 1934, the present owner of ‘“‘ Millmead,’’ Ratfyn Lane, Flight-Lieut. A. G. Somerhough, R.A.F., informed the writer that some form of pit had been encountered whilst fencing a triangular piece of the field at the back of his garden (Fig. 4). Permission was readily granted for further excavation and we must here express our indebtedness to Flt.-Lieut. Somerhough not only for such permission but also for appreciating the possible importance of the discovery. The importance, of noting any changes in the level of the underlying chalk was well exemplified, it will be recalled, at Winterbourne Dauntsey recently (W.A.M., 1934, xlvi, 445) and it is to be hoped that owners and tenants of land in Wiltshire will actively pursue such indications in future, since a knowledge of former habitation sites can only be obtained in this way. Since accurate delimitation of the 1920 excavations was of first 1m- portance efforts were directed towards this end. The statement that the site lay about 175 yards N.E. of Ratfyn Barrow coincided roughly 58 Some Discoveries at Ratfyn, Amesbury. with “‘ Millmead,’’ and upon prodding the ground with an iron bar, immediately to the N.E. of the house, a long oval and deep excavation could be fairly accurately planned. That this was the actual site was confirmed by a local builder who had helped to erect the house originally. By trenching, prodding, and ramming, almost the whole of the triangular paddock and a large part of the garden, lying between the 1920 excavations and the paddock, have been covered ; and by these means a number of pits and the remains of a completely obliterated ditch were located. The Ditch (Fig. 5). The position of this ditch was found by Flt.-Lt. Somerhough during fencing operations. The turf was removed from an area 8ft. by 6ft. 6ins. and the contents of the ditch investigated spit by spit to the bottom. The dimensions of the ditch were found to be :— width at chalk surface 6ft., width at base 6ins., total depth from present surface 4ft., and depth of soil covering the undisturbed chalk 18ins. Four well-defined layers were distinguishable :— Layer 1. Turf and cultivated soil 8ins. thick. Layer 2. Ploughed and well-mixed soil with flints 12ins. thick. This layer yielded 63 deeply patinated flint flakes, 5 pot-boilers and 1 very rough round scraper. Layer 3. Old turf line consisting of dark mould 12ins. thick with a few angular flints. This layer contained 714 flint flakes, mostly black or blue in colour, the greater number occurring towards the base of the layer ; 19 cores from which flakes had been struck; 11 pot-boilers; 1 rough round scraper ; 18 pieces of unsplit animal bone, mostly ox. a lower jaw of a sheep and a tooth of a pig; and 33 minute scraps of pottery which were confined to the top of the layer, none being found deeper than 6ins.in it. The texture of these sherds proved conclusively that they were of Early Iron Age date, a conclusion corroborated by Mr. Stuart Piggott. ; Layer 4. Primary silting consisting of chalk dust and rubble, sterile but for 6 flint flakes in the top of the layer. Too little of this ditch was opened for one to be in a position to pro- nounce conclusively upon its purpose or date. The nature and abundance of the flint industry in Layer 3, which appeared to be in situ and not derived and which included numbers of the minutest flakes (uncounted), is strikingly similar to that from Pit 5 (see below) and the earthwork may therefore have been constructed in Early Bronze times. It was at first thought that a pit similar to Pit 5 had been disturbed in the later cutting of the ditch in Early Iron Age times, and that the flints, etc., had found their way back into the ditch by the simple process of weathering. But this is improbable since the layer consisted of true mould and not earthy chalk dust which would have resulted from a bank derived from the chalk ditch. Further, the flints were distributed evenly throughout the lower layers of the old turf line and over the whole area exposed. Possibly, therefore, the grass grown 59 BV S Stone, bead... 2D) dene: ee ae = a —— ‘E “Yq JO UOT}I9S—'g ‘SLY “You Jo uores—e “sty “uATVeY é peoull[y JO UeTG—F “si +ebr. PINS 16SEC sot, ¢ 4+ a REE) f2a4 fo 2lOIS — oor o6 O8 of 09 OF oF OF OF OI O “AYNGES AW NASI ‘CVAWTIIW YIOppvod o O Ae e rere Rania socinie 60 Some Discoveries at Ratfyn, Amesbury. ditch had remained open until the Early Iron Age when sherds of that period found their way into the upper layers. An arrowhead (Fig. 13) and a well battered prismatic tool of triangular section (Fig. 12) had been thrown out of this section of the ditch during the fencing operations. Both are deeply patinated white and therefore probably came from either Layers 1 or 2. Pit 1. Modern, 4ft. in diameter, containing sherds stamped with the word ‘‘ Woolworth,”’ old tins and ashes. Pit 2. This was, 2ft. Gins..deep and 3ft. in- diameter. | Dwelve patinated flint flakes only, in earthy chalk dust. Pit 3. Very probably a pit dwelling, being 5ft. by 3ft. 6ins at the chalk surface with gently sloping sides and roughly flattened base. Total depth 2ft. lin., being chalk cut to a depth of 18ins. This pit contained besides a few small scraps of charcoal, 36 pot-boilers and 6 flint flakes. Probably contemporary with Pit 5. Pit 4. Cooking hole? This was a small scooped-out depression 18ins. by 14ins. and narrowing to 8ins. at the base. Total depth 17ins. being chalk cut to 10ins. The pit contained 2 small pieces of sarsen, 6 pot-boilers, 2 flint cores, 52 unpatinated flint flakes, 1 flint saw with very fine serrations, part of the tibia of a sheep and much charcoal. This pit was undoubtedly contemporary with Pit 5. Pit 5. This, the most important pit discovered, measured 3ft. 6ins. in diameter at the mouth and was circular, the overlying surface mould being here 7ins. thick (Fig. 6). The chalk walls were fairly regularly cut and narrowed gradually to the bottom which was also roughly circular and measured 24ins. by 18ins. The total depth from the present surface was 4ft. The contents of the pit were most varied and it is of interest to note how close is the agreement between the expert’s reports reproduced below. Immediately below the surface mould was a thin layer (about 3ins. thick) of shell-filled soil which sealed in the contents of the pit. This contained the usual assortment of damp scrubland species normally associated with the Early Bronze Age and earlier. The occurrence of a large scallop shell, obtained from the refuse below this shelly layer, is also of interest not only from its rarity in habitation material but mainly because other species of edible shellfish were found at Woodhenge, and broken shells appear to be the normal filling of the pottery of this culture. The remainder of the pit, but for 3ins. of sterile primary chalk silting at the bottom, consisted for the most part of charcoal in sizes varying from large pieces to dust. Since none of the other objects found in the pit, other than a number of pot-boilers, showed any signs of the action of fire, there is no reason to believe that this pit was a ‘‘ cooking-hole.”’ In character it resembled an ordinary refuse pit, and no stratification was observed. Scattered throughout the filling were 37 pot-boilers and a remarkably interesting flint industry which is described below. This industry is LM If NBs Se SuOMG, 18) val SD IA 00). 61 characterised by the use of halberd-shaped implements (Fig. 7) and appears to be a normal accompaniment of the Woodhenge-Clacton emlture. Animal bones were abundant and Dr. Jackson compares these favour- ably with those obtained from Woodhenge. The occurrence of a right scapula of a brown bear is remarkable in view of its rarity. Though this animal is known to have persisted in Britain certainly up to Roman times, when it was exported to Rome for use in the amphitheatres, its remains are rarely found. In his report of the animal remains from Woodhenge Dr. Jackson notes that the remains of this animal are recorded by Boyd Dawkins from a midden of uncertain date at Richmond, Yorkshire (J. Geol. Soc., 1865, xxi, 493 ; 1867, xxiii, 178). Fifteen very small fragments of pottery were also recovered from the pit and these have been identified by Mr. Stuart Piggott as belonging to the Woodhenge-Clacton culture. THE FLINT INDUSTRY FROM PIT 5. Altogether 519 flints, excluding very small flakes, were recovered from the pit. All were very sharp and dead black when exposed which suggests that they had been discarded and thrown into the pit almost immediately. Flakes and Knives. Of these, 501 specimens were obtained, a number being blunted through having been utilized as knives. Three specimens had been roughly trimmed into the form of scrapers. Coves. These were represented by 11 specimens and were for the most part rough and without character. Saws. (Figs. 9-11.) Five saws made from flakes and possessing very fine serrations were obtained. These may be compared with those from Pit P at Sutton Courtenay (Antiquaries J., xiv, pl. xxviii, h). Halberd-shaped Arrowheads. (Figs. 7, 8.) Two of these interesting tools were found, No. 7 being perfect and No. 8 slightly damaged. Both are made from flakes, one edge being left sharp and untrimmed whilst the other is delicately trimmed on both sides. I must here ex- Miessmmy,imdebtedness, to Dr. Jj. G. BD. Clark, F.S.A., for his great kindness in allowing me to read and make use of his projected paper on ‘‘ Derivative Forms of the Petit Tranchet in Britain ’”’ prior to publica- tion which is to be printed in the Ayvche@ological Journal, vol. xci. Needless to say, without this advantage I should not be in a position to make the following remarks. In this paper Dr. Clark shows most convincingly that the ‘‘ halberd ”’ and “‘ lop-sided ”’ types of arrowhead are derivatives of the petit tranchet. There would appear to be no perceptible difference in chronology between the different forms except that the true petit tranchet antedates the whole group. The Ratfyn examples would appear to belong to Dr. Clark’s Class D since they possess amarked concavity on one edge, thus producing an asymmetric form. Somewhat similar ones have been found at Woodhenge ; The Sanctuary, Overton Hill (Peterborough-Beaker) ; Windmill Hill (Peterborough-Beaker) ; Avebury (Peterborough-Beaker) ; Clacton and 62 Some Discoveries at Ratfvn, Amesbury. Sutton Courtenay. Although a considerable number of such derivatives have been found in Peterborough-Beaker contexts none has so far been found in pure Peterborough or earlier associations.' From this Dr. Clark concludes that no derivative antedates the coming of the beakers. For our present purpose it must be emphasised that such petit tranchet derivatives are particularly abundant in association with the grooved pottery of Woodhenge type, nine having been found at Woodhenge, five at Clacton, and two at Sutton Courtenay. As regards the use of such implements Dr. Clark points out that the asymmetry makes it almost certain that the cutting edge was disposed obliquely when the implement was hafted, the degree of obliquity varying with different forms. In this case the hafted implement would resemble a single-barbed harpoon. REPORT ON THE POTTERY. By STUART PIGGOTT. A.—Fyrom Excavations of 1920. The three sherds submitted as typical of the 20 or 30 found at Ratfyn in June, 1920, are of extreme interest, for, as regards their distinctive decoration and to some extent their actual texture, they can only be paralleled in a small group of Early Bronze Age wares which includes the pottery from Woodhenge, itself only one mile from Ratfyn, on the other side of the Avon. The decorative features referred to consist of (1) shallow incised lines ; (2) broad shallow grooves, showing. longitudinal striations along the bottom ; (3) low apphed cordons with incised or stabbed ornament thereon ; (4) fingernail ornament, and (5) predominantly herring-bone or zig-zag disposition of the pattern. While any of these features in isolation would probably be insufficient to give an index to the cultural relation of the shard on which they occurred, their combination and the complete absence of either cord-impressed ornament or of the ‘hyphenated ”’ ornament of the Beakers make the assignment to the Woodhenge type of pottery inevitable. Parallels between the Ratfyn shards and examples from Woodhenge are numerous ; the shallow wide grooves occur at the latter site on such shards as Nos. 16, 17, 23, 30, 36; the narrow incisions on Nos. 28, 44, 47 ; applied cordons with notches pl. 25, fig. 1; Nos. 8, 9, 10, 36, and 45. The group of pottery to which the Woodhenge and Ratfyn shards belong has not long been recognised as such, but now the main features are known it has been identified in a number of sites, ranging from Huntingdonshire to Wiltshire. A large habitation-site of the culture producing this ware has been examined on the Essex coast near Clacton, ‘ Owing to the fact that excavators have not always recognised the type, some may have occurred in Long Barrows for example. The earlier occupation at Windmill Hill, and the camps at Whitehawk and the Trundle, however, yielded none. 63 IDEN Calbs Dyfi i.S. Stone, BA, yn GE SLI p Ky, Ss SOLE UY tpg Reifsss 1 1 Figs. 7—11.—Flint Implements from Pit 5, Millmead, Ratfyn au = Figs. 12, 13.—Flint Implements from Ditch; 66 Some Discoveries at Ratfyn, Amesbury. REPORT ON THE ANIMAL. REMAINS FROM PIT 5. By |. WILBRED: JACKSON, D:Sc, F.G:S: The remains submitted by Dr. J. F. S. Stone from the above site are of great interest and belong to both wild and domestic animals. They are described below under separate headings. Wild Animals. Brown Beary (Ursus arctos). Of this animal there is an imperfect right scapula. I have not previously seen remains of this animal from sites of this kind. The state of preservation of the bone is much the same as in the other remains. Red Deer. A large tine, broken from the antler, belongs to this animal. Roebuck. The basal portion of a rugose antler belongs here. Domestic Animals. Ox. The remains of this animal consist of five imperfect scapule, a much broken os innominatum, the distal end of a tibia, the proximal end of an ulna, the proximal end of a large left radius, the distal end of another left radius, four distal ends of humeri, three large phalanges, a lower molar, and a large horn-core. All are of interest on account of their large size, but only one or two dimensions are obtainable. Three of the scapule give the following measurements :— Least diameter Greatest diameter of neck of glenoid cavity 1 Right 63°5mm. 61°5mm. 2.—Left 61°5mm. 63°5mm. 3.—Left 57°Omm. 56°5mm. Nos. 1 and 2 are€ very near two large examples from Woodhenge (Woodhenge, 1929, pp. 64—69), and No. 3 equals the general series from that station. All the above are much larger than examples from the Early Iron Age sites of Glastonbury and All Cannings Cross. The innominate bone agrees with several from Woodhenge. The distal end of the tibia has a diameter, over all, of 60mm., and equals the form from Woodhenge and Whitehawk Camp (Antiquanes J., 1934, xiv, 128). The proximal end of the ulna is interesting as it has been broken at the olecranon and reset during life. The proximal end of the left radius measures 89mm. over all, across the top, and has a diameter of 46mm. about the middle of the shaft. It equals three large examples from Woodhenge, but is larger than the majority from that station ; it also agrees with an example from the Neolithic horizon at Maiden Castle, obtained this year by Dr. R. E. Mortimer Wheeler, and one from Stonehenge (Ditch, south, 2nd crater) found by R. S. Newall some years ago. It is very much larger than those from Glastonbury and All Cannings Cross. The distal end of the left radius has a width at the top of 71mm., over all, and equals many from Woodhenge, one from the Neolithic level at Maiden Castle, and some from Whitehawk Camp. It is much larger than specimens from Early Iron Age sites. Of the four distal ends of humeri, only one can be measured. This is ID) | ARs So SUOWIA [Balen IDEN Ole 67 a robust example with a width across the condyles of about 80mm. _ It is comparable with a Woodhenge example and equals some and is larger than others from Whitehawk Camp, while it is larger than éxamples from Glastonbury and All Cannings Cross. The phalanges agree in size with others from Woodhenge and Whitehawk Camp. The horncore is of the Bos primigenius kind, but is smaller than in the true Urus. Its length along the outer curve is approximately 330mm. (it is somewhat damaged at the base) : the circumference near the base is 193mm. ; and the diameters at the same place are 67°5 and 56mm. The horncore is somewhat larger than most of the Woodhenge examples, but agrees with one or two damaged examples. A specimen (No. 4702) obtained by Mr. Newall from the Ditch at Stonehenge also agrees. Notwithstanding the scantiness and imperfection of the Ratfyn remains, it is clear that the ox bones do not belong to the small Celtic ox, Bos brachyceros Owen, of the Early Iron Age sites. The resemblance of the Ratfyn remains to those from early sites, as Stonehenge, Windmill Hill, Woodhenge, and Whitehawk Camp, is particularly striking, and seems to suggest that they are of the same general age. At all the above stations the oxen appear to have been of a robust type with large horns, derived possibly from a Bos primigenius stem. Pig. Of this animal there are various broken limb bones, fragmentary jaws with teeth, and loose teeth. One interesting bone is the proximal end of a large ulna which has been broken at the olecranon and reset in life (as in the ox example). Young and old animals are represented. The remains are too scanty for definition of breed. Similar remains were found at Woodhenge, Whitehawk Camp, and other places. REPORT ON THE CHARCOAL FROM Pit 5. In jf, Cis@ii, IMUM) JESiGo, AIR ICaSa, Idol avatnsy, Corylus sp. (Hazel). Medium-aged wood. Some much collapsed or compressed tangentially. Crataegus sp. (Hawthorn). Medium-aged wood. Fraxinus sp. (Ash). Mature wood of poor growth ; some possibly from a large branch. Some much collapsed internally, some becoming vitreous and coaly. Quercus sp. (Common Oak). Medium-aged wood. In addition to the acknowledgments already made I must here express my indebtedness to Mr. Stuart Piggott for his reports on the pottery ; to Mr. A. S. Kennard for his report on the mollusca; to Dr. J. W. Jackson for his report on the animal remains; and to Mr. J. C. Maby for his report on the charcoal. I should add that Flight-Lieut. Somerhough has kindly consented to the objects recovered being placed with the other Ratfyn remains in the Salisbury Museum. F 2 68 EXCAVATIONS AT EASTON DOWN, WINTERSLOW, 1933—1934. Byaje ES Se STONE, iso arb Since the publication of my last report on Easton Down (W.A.M., 1933, xlvi, 225) a number of finds have been made in the workshop floors of the mined area and in the contiguous dwelling pits. Although the volume of work expended on the site has not been as much as it might have been, owing to other necessary investigations on sites threatened with destruction, it is considered that the importance and interest of these finds warrants a short description of them. WORKSHOP FLOOR 7. A description of the partial examination of this floor with a diagram of the section exposed has already appeared (Ibid., p. 227 and PI. III) and it will be recalled that the molluscan evidence suggested that the floor was definitely later in date than the underlying Pit Shaft 47. How much later cannot of course be inferred, though it should be borne in mind that what evidence there is, is in favour of a date lying between the erection of the barrow over the decapitated Beaker man (Man, 1934, 51, 52, 53, and reprinted in W.A.M., 1934, xlvi, 563) and the Middle Bronze Age urnfield| (W -AUV, 1933; xiva, 208). INo evadence against this view has been obtained by further excavation of the floor but it may be said to have been strengthened somewhat by a further report by Mr. A. S. Kennard on samples of soils from the urnfield, which is here appended. Naturally such evidence derived from different parts of Easton Down cannot be considered as conclusive, and for areas widely separated would be definitely unjustifiable. But, in this instance, we are dealing with parts of an area separated by no more than 100 yards or so, which, in the absence of subsequent cultivation, lend themselves to tentative correlation. But for a completely polished axe the implements recovered would appear to call for little comment. The majority consisted as usual of axes In various stages of manufacture, twenty-six in all having been obtained. Of these, four have been chosen for illustration (Plate I, Figs 1—4). Fig. 1. An axe of very flat oval section, the butt end of which has been truncated by a blow which has produced a pronounced hinge fracture. The edges are much battered and the greatest thickness occurs towards the cutting edge. As usual from such floors the patin- ation 1s dead) wianite, | Mes ome ys, 241s le Aine Fig. 2. This axe is one of the most interesting tools so far obtained. It is in fact the first completely polished axe or chisel from the site and, lying associated with the debris of the floor, proves conclusively that here both polished and unpolished axes are contemporary. The Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. fi aa TNS, | OA uM q cl WA % hg SI = F e= ESS ea pA — WS! YD =n = = ES a Qe a= <7 bs —_ I OEE LEZ 2 fj = = See Ea <= ENS = = Za a Plate I. Axes from Workshop Floor 7 (Figs. 1—4) and Pit Shaft 47 (Figs. 5, 6), Easton Down. 4 70 Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. tool is of pointed oval section with straight edges and the butt end has been truncated, possibly intentionally though of this one cannot be. certain, by a sharp blow on one side which has resulted in a hinge fracture similar in some respects to that on Fig. 1. The thickness throughout the length is practically uniform and the cutting edge has been produced by heavy grinding, the flat faces on both sides receding for 24ins. from the edge. This cutting edge is somewhat worn, probably through use. The polishing or grinding has been done longitudinally as evidenced by the scratches, and a number of small facets remain which have not been totally erased. L.4$in., B. lhin., T. Zin. The lack of polished axes on flint mining sites in general has been the subject of comment and it is usually considered that the final act of polishing was executed elsewhere, when and if desired. There is no reason to believe, however, that this later act was an invariable accompaniment of axe manufacture. At other flint mining centres two polished greenstone axes have been found at Grimes Graves, Norfolk, one by Canon Greenwell in 1870 (J. Ethn. Soc. of London, 1871, ser. 2, ii, 429) and the other by Mr. Lingwood in 1916 (P.P.S.E.A., ii, 431) ; and at Cissbury the butt end of a polished flint axe was found by General Pitt-Rivers (Avch., xiii, 63). Such a well marked type as the present example should prove useful for dating the floor but, unfortunately, too few axes of the type have been found in England in dateable deposits for this purpose. I have here to thank Dr. J. G. D. Clark for pointing out that the most similar example is that belonging to the Bexley Heath hoard in the British Museum (B.M. Stone Age Guide, 1926, Pl. VI). This hoard included not only a polished chisel but also two others of identical form, chipped instead of polished, and two flint axes with slightly squared edges. In his paper on hoards (Avch.. Ixxi, 113) Mr. Reginald Smith pointed out that since the squaring of the edges is obviously secondary, axes show- ing this are theoretically later (at least in origin) than those with pointed ovalsection. The chisel form being associated with the flattened edge form should, therefore, not belong to the earliest period of axes. Beyond this it would appear to be unwise to proceed at present. Figs. 3, 4. Two other axes from the same floor. The former, which is perfect, is of pointed oval section, and both sides are finely flaked. There is a perceptible curvature throughout its length—a feature alneady moted onkaxes irompchis)sites ole. opis, ieee A imelelnc, latter axe is presumably not quite complete in that its greatest thick- ness occurs towards the centre and a number of ineffectual blows have been delivered on its edges to reduce its girth. Possibly the flint was MOG SO) Weer OS as Ouevers jowwees, IL, Hi, 13, iain, Ie esa, Figs. 5,6. Inthe hope of obtaining further evidence towards the dating of this floor the remainder of the flint-sterile shelly layer (15in. thick) overlying Pit Shaft 47, but below the floor, was removed. Six inches below this shelly layer two more axes were found. That shown in Fig. 5 is a perfect example of a finely chipped axe of pointed oval section. The cutting edge is sharp and oval in outline: and the EE RECN S.2 St0ie, Enos DP 0. TL patination has advanced to the stage of a lustreless dead white colour. The maximum thickness occurs towards the cutting edge. L. 5}in.,, B. lgin., T. lin. The other is less perfect and asmall quantity of crust remains on both faces. The patina-in this case has not proceeded farther than the greyish-white stage. L. 43in., B. 2in., T. lin. Other nondescript chipped flints were found in the floor but these would appear to be the normal accompaniment of workshop floors on this site. Only two or three flakes bearing any signs of secondary chipping were encountered out of cartloads of flint debris. DWELLING Pits, AREA A. lnvaneaw (WieA Vi 193), xlv,-350, Big. 1) three further dwelling pits have been opened. Forsomeas yet unexplained reason the pottery obtained from this area is very much more highly ornamented than that obtained from Area B. The latter area contains; it is true, beaker ware ornamented in the usual style but it is commonly mixed with a very large proportion of unornamented ware of the same fine texture and form. Area A, on the other hand, rarely yields plain unornamented sherds, the great majority being highly decorated, often with a mixture of motives such as the normal toothed impressions and pinched-up or bone impressions on the same sherd. The difference between the two areas may be cultural but it may just as well be indicative of a difference in date. As yet we have no means of deciding the question, since the well-known differences between the A—C and B beakers have been noted on sherds from both areas. The pits themselves call for no comment, being elongated shallow depressions similar in all respects to those fully described before. The flint industry associated is, however, worth noting if only for its com- parative richness of types compared with those from Area B noted below, and in former reports. In place of the massive flakes usually trimmed crudely by percussion, small delicate implements trimmed by pressure flaking appear to be the normal accompaniment of the more richly decorated sherds of Area’ A. The tools recovered from Pit A 3 are shown in Plate III, Figs. 4—8. Fig. 4. Knife with blunt back retaining original crust. met Early Metal Age secondary flaking, on plain flake. Fig. 5. Knife also possessing typical Early Metal Age pressure flaking on one face. Fig. 6. Knife, the trimming of one edge of which has been carefully done on both sides of a thin flake. The bulb of percussion has also been trimmed away. The opposite edge has been carefully trimmed to form possibly a scraping edge, the flaking being smaller and steeper, though it is more probably a form of battering to render the knife less sharp to handle, and would thus represent a battered-back knife. Fig. 7. Knife formed on a flake with the usual careful trimming on one edge. A small flake which has been removed at one end resembles a burin blow, but this is probably accidental. nee, Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. . Fig. 8. Plano-convex knife. A study of this beautiful type of im- plement has recently been made by Dr. J. G. D. Clark (Antiquaries J., xii, 158) to whom I am indebted for the following observations. “ The ‘present example is fairly typical. In the highland zone of Britain the type is found with food vessels and cinerary urns, and in one instance with a beaker and food vessel (Mortimer, Fig. 285), 1.e., in the highland - zone the type was certainly contemporary with beaker. In the lowland zone, where true food vessels are scarce, they may be contemporary with many beakers, but no case of a plano-convex knife in sole burial association with a beaker has, however, been recorded.’’ Since they are thus a characteristic of the food-vessel culture Dr. Clark thinks it possible that they spread into the lowland zone while beakers were still being used. If this really was the case it means that the pit dwelling under discussion and its contents is of comparatively late date which may explain the differences noted above between the contents of the dwellings in Areas A and B. On the other hand there is the possibility that the beaker folk used such knives but never buried them, a hypothesis which can only be tested by excavation of other beaker settlements. In the present example the pointed end has been worn smooth by use. The three remaining illustrations on Plate III are surface finds and were found in mole hills close to Pit dwelling A 3. : Fig. 9. Probably an awl formed by edge trimming on a flake. The bulb end is too thick for the object to be an arrowhead. Fig. 10. Fabricator or more probably a strike-a-light since one end is worn smooth by use. The curvature of the tool is remarkable and this makes it very convenient to hold. A similar tool, though straight, has recently been found on the extreme edge of Workshop Floor B 1. Fig. 11. A so-called ‘‘ prismatic tool ’’ which shows no signs of use as in Fig 10. DWELLING Pits, AREA B. The area to the west of that previously explored (W.4.M., 1933, xlvi, 228 and Pl. IX) has been extended over a length of 50ft. by 10ft., and this has yielded another shallow beaker dwelling pit (No. 11) and two more ash pits (B and C), the relative positions of which are indicated in Plate II, Fig. 1. Besides being surrounded by stake holes this pit dwelling contained the usual assortment of beaker sherds, both ornamented and unornamented. Certainly one of the most important finds from this dwelling was an axe (Plate III, Fig. 1) which was found on the base of the pit. This axe is a typical flint mine product and is the first to have been found in one of the beaker pits which surround the mined area. It was no doubt discarded through having become unfit for further use, since the original cutting end has disappeared and efforts to rectify this mischance have resulted in the removal of a large deep flake which would render subsequent trimming of little value. It may be worth noting that the tool shows no signs of the wanton BY eulignS Stone, 5B WA OD Rit. We EASTON DOWN DWELLING AND ASF PUTS Scale of feet PACA dol URS. ull Te SD leah uP Ladd Cf Fig. 2 { SECTION ee Moede. by C 2 ee 1 Turf and mould 2 Habitation layer 5 Earthy-chalk dust 4 Powdered bone and wood ash (10 Chalk rock Fig. - SECTION of DITCH N "A OLE AD Turf and mould = Ber Re ene dust nm & ayy siltin TEL Chalk rock ig Seale of feev Plan of Dwelling Pits and Sections of Ash Pit and Ditch Plate II. on Easton Down. 74 Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. re-chipping so often observed on settlement areas. A further point of interest can be recognised on what remains of the original cutting end which shows a small area of polish. In its original state, therefore, the axe probably possessed a ground cutting edge, the remainder having been left in a roughly flaked condition only. L. 4¢%in., B. 1}in., T. lin. Thus we have at last positive evidence of actual contact between the mined area and beaker dwelling pits and this is corroborated by the nature of the flint refuse associated with this pit and the two ash pits to be described. Large numbers of flakes were recovered, the majority massive and of workshop floor form. Some bore evidence of rechipping to form knives and scrapers while others were without character. This will again be referred to later, and here it need only be added that an almost perfectly spherical and well-battered hammerstone, 23in. in diameter, lay at the bottom of the same pit, a rare find at this site. The Ash Pits. A full description of Ash Pit A and its contents has already appeared (W.A.M., 1933, xlvi, 230). The contiguity and similarity of contents of the two new pits B and C in no way solves the problem of their use. Both contained large quantities of the same finely pulverized bone and wood ash, a few sherds of beaker pottery and a number of flint cores and flakes. A large number of the flakes, of which 90 were recovered from both pits, must undoubtedly have been used as knives, not only from the signs of wear on their sharp edges but also from their special mode of manufacture, a wide blunt face of cortex having been left for hand grip on the side opposite the blade (Plate III, Fig. 3). Ash Pit B was circular, being 2ft. 6in. in diameter, with a total depth of 15in. but was somewhat irregularly cut in the chalk. It con- tained besides ash and flints sixteen sherds consisting for the most part of unornamented beaker ware, and included one portion of a flat base of a beaker ornamented with stab markings, and two rims, one everted and the other straight. Ash Pit C resembled Ash Pit A in the careful way in which it had been cut in the chalk. It measured 3ft. in diameter with a total depth of 3ft. 3in., having been cut 2ft. 6in. into the chalk. A section through this pit is shown in Plate II, Fig. 2. Below 6in. of undisturbed humus (layer 1) there occurred a thin habitation layer (2) which contained besides the usual masses of snail shells and flakes, two small scraps of unornamented beaker ware and three pieces of fine grained sandstone (foreign to the district), one piece of which bore evidence of use as a grinder and may possibly have been used for powdering the bone ashes in the pits. A small roughly chipped axe (L. 33in., B. 1gin., T. 14in.) was associated. The maximum thickness of this axe lies towards the cutting edge (Plate III, Fig. 2). Layer 3 below consisted of earthy-chalk dust, 12ins. thick. In it was found one ornamented beaker sherd, three small thumb scrapers, a few pieces of unburnt split animal bone and a number of flakes. The remainder of the pit to the bottom was filled with powdered bone ash containing a few unpatinated flint flakes. | Plate III. By J. P.&iStone, B.A., D.Phil. Scale of ‘nckes Implements from Beaker Dwelling Pits, Easton Down. 75 76 Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. At the bottom of this pit, but 3ins. from the actual base, lay the complete skeleton of a dog of fox terrier type in a very well preserved condition. It was lying in an attitude of sleep with head on front paws and hind legs curled up with the tail between them. In spite of being buried in the powdered ashes none of the bones were burnt or scorched and it was not at all evident how the animal had met its death. Its attitude as mentioned resembled that of sleep and it may therefore have crawled into the pit to die. On the other hand it may have been intentionally buried there by the beaker folk on relinquishing the pit and site ; but in this case would the dead animal have been arranged in such an attitude for burial? And would they have covered the dog with their seemingly precious ashes ? What is quite certain is that the pit was never afterwards disturbed, the ashes around and below and the undisturbed layers above proving this ; and, therefore, the dog was contemporary with the use of the pit and of Beaker date. Through the generosity of our President, Mr. Frank Stevens, O.B.E., F.S.A., it has been possible to have the complete dog set up as in life under the skilful hands of Mr. L. Parsons, Preparator at the British Museum (Natural History). Itis now encased in the Salisbury Museum (Plate IV). Before reconstruction the bones were submitted to Dr. J. Wilfrid Jackson to whom I am much indebted for the following exhaustive report. REPORT ON THE SKELETON OF THE DoG FRom AsH Pir C. By jp Wier JACKSON, Disc. EGS: I am indebted to Dr. J. F. S. Stone for the opportunity of examining the skeleton of a dog found with beaker pottery at Easton Down. Complete skeletons of animals of prehistoric date are rarely found and the present instance is of great importance as it is so well-dated. The following report is based upon the skull, lower jaws, and principal limb- bones. The measurements of the limb-bones are as follows :— Full Least Diameter Distal condyles length circumference mid-shaft (over all) Femur R 145mm. 34mm. 11°-5mm. 29mm. a L 143 34 11 27 Tibia R 148 32 10 19°6 i L 147 31 9°5 20 Humerus R — 35 10 29 - L 133 36 10°4 29°3 Radice. ka sss 28 10°5 21°5 Ms L 134 29 10.5 21°5 Ulna R_ 160 15 = = The tibiae are about the size of the example figured by Pitt-Rivers from the Romano-British village at Woodcuts, Dorset (Excavations im Cranborne Chase, 1887, i, Pl. LXIX, Fig. 4). The dimensions of the bones seem to indicate a small dog of the Fox Terrier type in which the relative lengths of the two bones of the hind ‘MO[SIOJULAA ‘TAMOG U0} 01044 IQqsng ‘DD -°M pe JEM Is JE, Se SOU, Nar wolas JOLIET). 77 limb and of the two bones of the fore limb are nearly equal. The Easton Down animal, however, was a little taller than the small-sized Fox Terrier (about 18 inches at the shoulder) used by Pitt-Rivers as one of his test-animals. A close comparison of the dimensions of the limb-bones with those of the large series of dogs detailed by Wagner (K. Wagner, “ Rezente Hunderassen,’ Norske Vid.-Akad. I. Mat.-Nat. Kl., 1929, No. 9, 1930) in his recent work again shows the closest agreement with the Fox Terrier, more especially with his largest animal of this group. Com- pared with the latter, the lengths and other dimensions of the femur and tibia agree closely ; the humerus and radius are very slightly longer ; the ulna is somewhat longer. In the largest of Wagner’s Whippet group the femur and humerus are about the same length as those of the Easton Down dog, but are less robust; the tibia and radius are much longer and are thinner relatively ; the ulna is about the same length, but less robust. In the fore and hind limbs of the Whippet the lower bones are longer than the upper bones, and not about equal as in the Easton Down dog and Fox Terrier. The dimensions of the limb-bones of the small-sized Fox Terrier used by Pitt-Rivers are as follows :— femux, 135; tibia, 138: humerus, 123; radius, 125; and ulna, 145mm. The dimensions of the bones of prehistoric dogs are difficult to obtain. Rutimeyer (Die Fauna der Ptahlbauten der Schweiz, 1861, p. 119) gives the following for his Canis palustris, the New Stone Age dog of the Swiss Lake Dwellings :—femur, 127—144; tibia, 144; humerus, 127— 144; and radius, 122—128mm. Studer (in F. Keller, Lake Dwellings of Switzerland, eic., 2nd Edn. by J. E. Lee, 1878, Vol. I, p. 208) gives the following for bones of the same dog from the New Stone Age site at Ltischerz :—femur, 150; tibia, 148 ; humerus, 150; and radius, 135mm. | Full measurements have been taken of the Easton Down dog’s skull and lower jaws and a selection is given below along with those of the Fox Terrier taken from Wagner’s tables. Dimensions of the Skull. Easton Down. Fox Terrier. Total length, from furthest point of occipital crest to prosthion ... 167mm. 138—169mm. Basilar length ae ams 144 116—146 Basion to mid-frontal ... Behe 79 66—83 Mid-frontal to prosthion oon 98 82—102 Length of snout Be au 72 58—76 Height of skull oe see 49 45—50 Breadth of skull ae ee 56 52—56 Height of occiput BH aie 43 34—42 Breadth of occiput 2 ie 58 48—59 Height of nasal opening a 19 18—22 Breadth of nasal opening ae 19 15=—20 Height of orbit aa aie 27 26—31 78 Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1934. Least width between orbits fi 33mm. 26—33mm. Zygoma tie width=. Mss 89 82—95 Width between postorbital Proce 44 40—51 Length of palate Sie bss 81 68—81 Greatest breadth of palate hac 57 50—60 Least breadth of palate Si 32 24—31] Breadth over canines ... ae 35 26—35 Length of tooth-row ... aye 58 51—61 Dimensions of Lower Jaw. Length from middle of condyle to alveolar point siege Bea 120°5 102—122 Height of vertical branch tae 46 35—47 Width of vertical branch 30 22—30 Height of horizontal ramus behind M1 2] 16—19 Width between angular processes ... 56 52—74 Length of tooth-row_ .... oe 67°5 57—69 Kength of premolars. <2 ote 35°5 33—38 Length of molars eee 32 26—33 In the lower jaws both of the first orange have been lost and the alveoli are closed with bone. In the skull there is nosagittal crest : the supra-occipital is prominent, and the auditory bullae are somewhat oblong in form and depressed, not bulging appreciably : they measure—length, 20; width, 16mm. As in the case of the limb-bones, the dimensions of the skull and lower jaws agree closely with those of large Fox Terriers. The Easton Down remains have also been compared with the Canis palustris of Riitimeyer and the skull appears to agree with the two illustrations of the skull of that animal from Meilen, as well as with the few dimensions given (Riitimeyer, op. cit., pp. 117—118, text-figs.) It is of interest to note that a complete skeleton of a dog referable to Canis palustris was found by Mr. Alexander Keiller during his excava- tions at the Neolithic site at Windmill Hill (Proc. First Internat. Con- gvess of Pre- and Proto-H1storic Sciences, 1934, 135—138). A photograph of the complete skeleton appeared in Country Life, Sept. 17th, 1932. REPORT ON THE NON-MARINE MOLLUSCA FROM THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE URNFIELD. By pay 5) LENNARD Ale Se Ges) Dr. Stone kindly sent me two samples of soil from the Middle Bronze Urnfield, Easton Down, recently described by him (W’.4A.M., 1933, xlv1, 218) and these have yielded very interesting results. (1) From the original turf and humus before making the urnfield. This was in contact with but below the flint nodule layer. This yielded ten species, v1zZ. :— Pomatias elegans (Mill.) Common Carychium minimum Mill. Very rare By Piss Stone; B.At Do oPMl, 79 Pupilla muscorum (Linn.) Common Goniodiscus votundatus (Mill.) Very rare Vallonia excentrica Sterki Very rare Avion sp. Abundant Cecilioides acicula (Mill.) Very rare Xerophila itala (Linn.) Rare Chilotrema lapicida (Linn.) Very rare Cepea nemoralis (Linn.) Very rare This is really a downland faunule with some of the larger species of scrubland lingering on in greatly diminishing numbers. All the real damp loving forms have vanished and the climatic conditions must been very similar to those of to-day. (2) A sample of the humus from above but in contact with the flint nodule layer and thus representing the accumulated soil from the con- struction of the urnfield to the present day. This yielded five species, WZ. Go Pupilla muscorum (Linn.) Rare Vertigo pygmea (Drap.) Very rare Vallonia excentrica Sterki Common Avion sp. Abundant Cochlicopa lubrica (Miill.) Very rare This is a true downland faunule and the example of Cochlicopa lubrica (Miill.) is the small dwarfed form characteristic of dry situations. From the above facts it is evident that the damp conditions had passed away before the construction of this Middle Bronze Age urnfield, and should this conclusion be verified by future work it will prove a valuable datum line. The change was apparently not long previous to the construction, for, as we have seen, some more adaptable species had managed to survive, possibly a luxuriant herbage affording the necessary shelter. :There is such a marked contrast between the series from the Beaker deposits and that from the urnfield not only in species but in _ the relative abundance, that great changes had taken place in the | molluscan fauna of the neighbourhood. Many species had become extinct and the survivors had enormously decreased in numbers. One is thus forced to conclude that the rainfall had greatly diminished and _ that the later conditions approximated to those of to-day. SECTION THROUGH DITCH DIVIDING AREAS B AND C. The complex network of ditches on Easton Down has been noted in a previous report (W.A.M., 1931, xlv, 350, 371) and has since been | accurately recorded by H.M. Ordnance Survey (Celtic Earthworks of _ Salisbury Palin—Old Sarum, 1934). In a review of this latter work Dr. J. P. Williams-Freeman suggests that the evidence is in favour of the cattle-way theory (Antiquity, 1934, viii, 232). Since, so far as is _ known, no attempt has hitherto been made to study the system by. means of the spade south of the river Bourne, other than on Roche 80 Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 1933—1334. Court Down which yielded a number of decapitated Saxon or later secondary burials (W.A.M., 1932, xlv, 568), a section has been cut on Easton Down. This section was cut through the fairly well preserved bivallate ditch which divides areas B and C at a point just south of Workshop Floor 6.(W.A.M., 1931, xlv, 350, fig. 1). Here the north bank alone is unploughed but much weathered down, the south bank having been levelled somewhat by cultivation, though fortunately, no soil has accumulated in the ditch through this partial erasure of the bank. At this point the estimated total width from crest to crest is 24ft. The section obtained is shown diagrammatically in Plate II, Fig. 3. As will be seen, the ditch is remarkably shallow in comparison with its width, the total depth below the present surface being only 3ft. 4ins. The actual depth, however, below the surrounding chalk level is 3ft. 7ins. Whereas the slope of the north edge is gradual, that of the south is steep and not so evenly cut, a difference possibly due to the direction in which the workers advanced when making the cutting ;1.e., slightly uphill towards the east with the north bank on their left side, it would be easier, if right-handed, to complete the work more efficiently on that side. The width of the base is only 5ins., a space too narrow to walk erect in for any length without overbalancing. At the bottom the soft and powdery primary silting of chalk dust was l5ins. deep and this contained a number of angular flints. The banks, also, just below 4ins. of mould, were composed mainly of flints —probably derived from the ditch and left in position after the chalk and mould had weathered away. The remainder of the filling up to the turf and humus consisted of earthy-chalk dust only. No objects of a dateable nature were found and no layers of snail shells, or even single shells were encountered. This absence of snail shells is important in view of their abundance in all pre-Middle Bronze Age sites on Easton Down. The date of the construction of this part of the ditch system can therefore be inferred to be post-Middle Bronze Age. Further, there would appear to be little doubt that this ditch was not constructed for the same purpose as the doubly-stockaded, wide-based ditch recently recorded at Winterbourne Dauntsey (W.A.M., 1934, xlv1, 450). The exceedingly narrow base, the shallowness of the ditch itself, and the absence of a hard trodden layer at the bottom, together with the absence of post-holes under the banks, all indicate that this was of the nature of a boundary ditch and not a cattle or trackway. Asin former communications I am indebted to the Commandant, Col. E. L. Bond, D.S.O., for permission to dig on War Office lands. My grateful thanks are also due to Dr. J. Wilfrid Jackson for his report on the skeleton of the dog, to Dr. J. G. D. Clark for examining a number of flint implements, to Mr. A. S. Kennard for his report on the mollusca, and to Commander H. G. Higgins, D.S.O., R.N., and Flight- Lieut. R. C. Field, R.A.F., for help with the actual digging. 81 TROUBLES OVER IMBER BROOK IN THE REIGN OF KING CHARLES. 2np.! Compiled by B. Howarp CUNNINGTON, F.S.A., SCOT. “Seven miles from any town, There stands Imber, on the down.’ So runs the couplet, and to this day the charming village of Imber is still isolated from the rest of the world. Lying in a valley at the foot of Rough Down with its one street of houses, mainly cottages, it affords an unexpected pleasure to the visitor who coming off the downs from either Warminster or Lavington, on turning a corner suddenly finds himself in this typical Wiltshire downland settlement. Until quite recent times there was only one hard road out of Imber, namely that leading to Warminster about seven miles distant. Another road lead- ing to Lavington became merely a down track for a couple of miles about mid-way between the village and Tilshead. In early documents Imber is spelt Ymmer, Immer, or as in Domesday, Imemerie, and it has been suggested that the name is derived from ‘‘ ge-maer = boundary.” To this day the boundary line of the Hundreds of Heytesbury and Swanborough runs through the parish. The church dedicated to St. Giles has a 12th century font, and the nave arcade is of the 13th century. Through this village runs a river or brook, locally known as The Cut, that taking its rise about two miles on the Warminster side passes on to Chitterne and thence into the Wylye. But this brook— sometimes a river of considerable size as will be seen later—becomes dried up for miles in the summer when there is a drought, and hence no doubt comes the name of ‘““Imber Dry Dock” chaffingly given to the portion that runs through the middle of the village. The casual visitor to-day might imagine that nothing could or ever had happened to disturb the peaceful quiet life of the inhabitants, yet in Charles 2nd’s reign Imber came much into the limelight when a Mr. Chambers was indicted at the Quarter Sessions for diverting the course of the stream and causing the village street to become flooded. From the evidence produced it appears that the prosecution arose entirely through the jealousy of two of the more wealthy inhabitants, as will be seen from what may well have been the opening address to the jury by the counsel for the defence. In the first place however the matter was considered by the Grand Jury who returned the following report :— ““Wiltes. The jurors for our Lord the King upon their oath present that Thomas Chambers late of Imber in the aforesaid county, yeoman, on the 20th day of February in the 26th year (1674) of the reign of our Lord Charles the second by the Grace of God King of England, b 1 This account of the prosecution of Thomas Chambers of Imber is extracted from the original documents in the library of the Wilts Arch. Society. The quotations are copied verbatim. VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXII. G 82. Troubles over Imber Brook in the Reign of King Charles 2nd. Scotland, France and Ireland, by force and arms etc at Imber in the county aforesaid, diverted a certain common water course in the close there called Ye Home Close, on to the King’s high road there leading from Warminster in the county aforesaid to Lavington Forum in the same county, at the lower end of the street in Imber aforesaid, whereby the King’s high road is flooded and damaged to the common nuisance and heavy damage of all the lieges and subjects of our said Lord the King passing and travelling in, through, and across the aforesaid road, and that the said Thomas Chambers on the aforesaid 20th day of February in the above said 26th year, at Imber aforesaid, in the county aforesaid, by force and arms etc raised and erected certain hedges across the King’s road leading from Warminster in the county aforesaid to Amesbury in the same county, at the lower end of the street in Imber aforesaid, whereby the said road is so much stopped up that the lieges and subjects of our said Lord the King cannot travel in, through, and across the said King’s road as they ought and were wont to do, from time whereof the memory of man is not to the contrary, to the heavy damage and common nuisance of all the subjects of our said Lord the King, going and travelling in, through, and across the same road and against the peace of our said Lord the King that now is, his Crown and Dignity etc.”’ Witness Joha Blake (probably chairman of the Grand Jury). Billa Vera (true bill). On returning-a “‘true bill”? one can picture Mr. Chambers then entering the prisoner’s box and his counsel addressing the jury in the following words—‘‘ Gentlemen of the Jury, the answer to this indict- meat is ‘ Not Guilty ’"—the truth is as follows :— “About 40 years agone, one Mr. Ayliffe was seised of a ffarme (wch is a Mannor) in Imber & the ffarme and grounde (belonging thereunto) doe lye on the west Side of the Street there (wch is also the watercourse menconed in the indictmt) through wch Street ye water (caused upon violent raynes or suddoyne thawes for the springes doe not, neither have they constantly yearly broke there) did run into the rode way then formerly used (and now complayned of in the indictment) by means whereof (as it was then) that comon rode or highway became rotten, dangerous, and unfitt for travellors wch (though very unfrequent) had occasion to passe that way. The inhabitants finding the mischief, could not think of any better preventing remedy than to apply themselves to Mr. Ayliffe & to intreat him to accept of this moorish, rotten, watercourse (highway) and desire him to allow a firm good substantial] highway out of his lands of inheritance wch was next adjoyning to this dangerous highway and water passage. In complyance with the desire of the inhabitants Mr. Ayliffe was pleased to pt (part) wth his land of inheritance (in regard it was soe apparently advantagious for the avoyding of the old way and to prevent his share in the coste Ly 20m vlhoe « By B. Howard Cunnington, F.S.A., Scot. 83 of indictment (if it should soe happ) wch was usuall, and did exchange his land (to make a firm way wch yet continues) for the old water course, and accordingly bounds and quickfrith were made and planted and neere 10 yeares peaceable enjoyment in Mr. Ayliffes tyme. Dcor (Doctor) Davenant about 30 yeares agone purchased the inheritance of Mr. Ayliffe. Some differences (occasioned upon private grudges rather then upon just grounds) have been since but to noe purpose. The only cause of this complaynt is merely out of envy in regard the prosecutors find that the ground which was formerly a way (through industry and tract of tyme) is now become indifferent ground, but tis forgotten that Mr Ayliffe parted with his good ground to make a common way in exchange of the old way, wch was long before it came to be worth any thing. The prosecutors doe acknowledge (wch will be proved) that this way as it now is, is farr the better and whereunto their predecessors concluded and themselves (videlt Mr. Harris and Mr. Polden) wth in theis few yeares agreed that if Dcrs tennt (the pty indicted) would cleanse the pond (a pond in the street and watercourse) and scoure the ditch thereby they would stir no farther. This prosecution is against the consent of the whole parish except those two.”’ Then follows a long list of inhabitants who were ready to bear witness to the foregoing statements one of whom was prepared to swear that “‘she had lived 3 yeares at Imber with Mr. Ayliffe before the way was altered, that she lived there at the time of the turning of the way, that the old way was so miry that one plough could scarce draw out another, and that by the intreaty of the parishioners Mr. Ayliffe allowed the new for the old way and bounded it out accordingly about 38 yeares agone.”’ To the foregoing is attached Doctor Davenaunant’s statement of the case which is headed The Case of Thomas Chambers indicted for a nuisance by Annoying the Highway at Imber with water. ‘““Imber is a village soe untorwardly scituated in a very narrow valley that not only the melting snow but even the raine wch ordinarily falls on very many of the hills in that part of the country, naturally finds that place for its receptacle and sinke, and in all ages the street and highway there have every wet winter beene greatly annoyed with deepe water. About 35 years since or more (for it was some considerable time before the warrs) one Mr. Ayliffe having lands there adjoyning to the said street and highway, did, at the request of the neighbour- hood, and by a writ of ad quod damnm, as may well be supposed after so long enjoyment and where the benefit to the highway is soe very apparent, turne the said highway wch was inconvenienced by the ordinary watercourse, some few yards up into his dry land, where there is still a very good and sound highway, and left open still a way for the water to runne in its ancient course, which he G 2 84 Troubles over Imber Brook in the Reign of King Charles 2nd. then had taken into his meadow in leu of the new way soe set forth. And for a further avoydance of the said water he made two other large trenches deeper than the ancient watercourse, and together with the ancient watercourse, capable of drayning more water out of the said street, and the further benefitt of the said trenches was, and is, that the highway for about a mile below Imber wch had formerly been annoyed by the said water now lye very dry. Mr. Ayliffe and the succeeding possessors of Mr. Ayliffe’s land from these trenches have watered their meadow, wch has occasioned soe much envy in some of the neighbourhood, that they have now indicted Thomas Chambers, the present possessor who has cleansed the street and his trenches and a ditch wch (as it was affirmed by the neighbourhood) should be accepted as a sufficient conveyance for the water, together with the other conveyances, and has left open sufficient passage for the water to run into the low place in his meadow where the said highway anciently annoyed with water had been, soe that there is evidently much more passage for the water, then heretofore and no ground heightned by any banke or otherwise any where to hinder the goeing of itt away, and itt is very probable that the next winter itt will be lower than heretofore. There are few improvements made in England by water, but where some highway or other is a little annoyed, by bending back the water by hatches or bayes, and yet all are for the publique good permitted, heere the water is noe way penned back but rather avoyded, at least as much as the unhappy scituation of the place will admitt, and yet the envy of two or three men has produced a complaint. Thomas Chambers had diverse ancient witnesses to have produced to prove that the street (for the highway beyond the street is unquestionably bettered) was anciently much annoyed with water as itt was att any time since the said alteration made by Mr. Ayliffe, and much more then it is likely to be in time to come, now Thomas Chambers has cleared soe many passages for the avoyding itt. But one Harris and one Polden of Imber, the prosecutors of this indictment fright them (being poore men and who may possibly hereafter stand in need of releife from the said parish of Imber wch is wholly governed by Harris and Polden) from giving their evidence, and declaring at the Sessions what they have often declared to be the truth in this case.” It would be interesting to know the upshot of these troubles but here the story comes to an end as far as these documents are concerned and a Careful search through the Great Rolls of the Wilts Quarter Sessions for that period revealed nothing concerning the matter. Nor is there any reference to the case in the carefully written reports of the clerk of the Sessions from 1675 to 1682. We can only hope that the Justices took a sensible view of the situation and that Mr. Thomas Chambers. left the court ‘‘ without a stain upon his character.”’ Rey eORh ON DHE BIRDS OF 85 WILTSHIRE FOR 1934. Edited by C. M. R. Pitman, 39, Rampart Road, Salisbury. Contributors. Rev. W. R. Addison Mrs. A. Alcock Rev. F. L. Blathwayt JC. Boys A. E. Burras Dr. E. W. Clapham Dir ke €. Clay G. W. Collett H.C. R. Gillman Canon E. H. Goddard H. St. B. Goldsmith Miss G. M. Grover Major R. G. Gwatkin Rev. D. P. Harrison V. G. Hawtin Major-Gen. W. P. H. Hill P.N. Hills iva lames R. J. Mansfield Major Stuart Maples N. H. Moody R. S. Newall A. D. Passmore L. G. Peirson Cviek: Pitman Wrlace Rev. W. Sole est Maur Shiel Se. strange T. H. Thornely W. F. Trumper Major C. B. Wainwright Capt. H. N. Ward H. H. Williams R. Whitlock Canon T. J. Woodall DaCaUrquhart District. Bulford West Wellow Chippenham Laverstock Redlynch Britford Fovant Chippenham Warminster Clyffe Pypard Stourton Calne Potterne Lydiard Millicent Longford Britford Romsey Chute Bemerton Orcheston Fifield Bavant Wylye Wanborough 10 miles radius round Marlborough Salisbury Chippenham Crudwell Stratford Swindon Devizes Devizes Figheldean Purton Shrewton Pitton Salisbury Whiteparish 86 Report on the Birds of Wiltshire for 1934. The Report is drawn up following the ‘‘ Systematic list of British Birds in Witherby’s Pvractical Handbook of British Birds, 1924.’ To make it quite clear for the observers who have been in doubt concern- ing the introduction of trinominals I venture herewith to take this opportunity of giving the following example to explain the advantages attained by using. them. For instance, trinominals are only given to clearly recognized sub-species, e.g., Binominal, Corvus Corax; Trinominal, Corvus Corax Corax, the first name being that of the genus, the second of the species, and the third the sub-species, the last being added to distinguish local forms or races, e.g., the typical Corvus Corax Corax from Corvus Corax Hispanus (Spain), etc. Again this year, although suffering from the effects of the donned drought, which from an ornithologist’s point of view is in many ways detrimental to the study of many species, the reports received show that the season has offered good opportunities for the observation of the birds of our county, and although, unfortunately, there were one or two absentees from last year’s lists of contributors, the number of reports received show an increase and the contents of the reports sent in are considerably more interesting and detailed. It is indeed most encouraging and gratifying to observe that my desire of last year concerning the migration and movement of birds has been carried out with such great success and contributors are to be congratulated on the very interesting information I have received. I am particularly grateful to my friend R. W. who has spent considerable time and exercised great care on the observation of the migration and local movement of the birds in his district during the year. — Over one hundred and fifty species are mentioned again this year in the general reports and there is a great increase to be noted in the migration table. In this connexion I would mention that I have received a number of reports in which are included details of the com- mencement and cessation of bird song and I would lke observers, if possible, to help me by making a list of their observations concerning the period of song in this coming year; it would be an interesting feature to include in the next report and as far as I know a new departure in ornithology for the county. Among important nesting records for the county may be mentioned that of the Buzzard, Tufted Duck, and the continued breeding range and increase of the Great Crested Grebe, Dipper, and Redshank, and although for obvious reasons the exact breeding sites are not disclosed these species will be observed with a special interest in the future. It seems extraordinary considering the continuous ‘‘ improvement ”’ and ‘‘development”’ going on throughout the county, that evenan attempt should be made to exist here, to say nothing of increasing, especially in the case of the above species, which, besides being naturally shy, are comparatively newcomers. Probably they are trying to find suit- able and secluded quarters having had experience of the ‘“‘ development ”’ of the countryside elsewhere, however be this as it may I do hope. that By CG. M. R. Pitman. 87 they will find our county to suit their requirements and will become firmly established within our borders.-. From a remarkably good lst of noteworthy and interesting visitors to the county may be mentioned the following :—Hooded Crow, Golden Oriole, Mealy Redpole, Willow Tit, Fire Crested Wren, Great Grey Shrike, Marsh Warbler, White’s Thrush, Greenland Wheatear, Red-Footed Falcon, Montague’s Harrier, Sheld Duck, Ringed Plover, Grey Plover, Whimbrel, Red-Necked Grebe, and Red-Throated Diver. ; A noticeable feature of the observations made this year was the interest shown in the movements of the Lapwing; the great shortage noticed in the breeding season was matched by a great influx of autumn migrants which in some areas were seen in thousands. R.T.J., who has spent a considerable time observing this species and has prepared a map to show the rise and fall of the Lapwing population over a num- ber of years, also writes the following interesting account of his observations near Chute :—‘‘ This bird has taken up an unfair proportion of my time this year. In anticipation of the nesting season being as great an affair as last year, I prepared a map of the district showing all the old-established nesting places, and also the fields occupied last year, that is the new places. My trouble was wasted. Fields which held twelve or more nesting pairs last year were empty this year. One long stretch of downland which in an ordinary year has upwards of twenty pairs, and last year had, I should think, almost a hundred, this year had not more than seven. The field which usually has six or seven pairs, and last year fourteen or fifteen, had none. 3 From the middle of September the few Plover of the district seemed to be getting into flocks. The flocks seen were from two to thirty birds. On October 25th I saw a flock of about two hundred. From that time the flocks became larger and more frequent. On November 11th I saw a huge flock at Collingbourne. I cannot give any opinion of the number except to say that there were many thousands. Now the district has more Plover than in the best days of last year, but they are in flocks instead of being scattered about on the breeding grounds.”’ In some of the foregoing notes it will be seen that the northern and southern observations often contradict one another; this is extremely interesting and is an example of the benefit derived from having contributors posted throughout the county, without whose help and annual observations it would be difficult to put on record the fluctuations of a species within the limits even of one county. Some of the following notes may appear to be somewhat trivial, but it should be remembered that they may be useful, and they are recorded with a view to comparison with future reports on the birds of Wilts. The movements and distribution of our common and local species are in reality more worthy of study than the occasional records of accidental visitors. I thank all contributors who have helped me during the year with their notes and observations and sincerely hope to be favoured with a like support in future years. 88 Report on the Birds of Wiltshire for 1934. ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF MIGRANTS IN WILTSHIRE, 1934. Departure records marked (d). Records of large movements marked (I). Yellow Wagtail. April 12, Britford (C.M.P.) April 13, Laverstock (J.B.) April 17, Salisbury (J.B.) April 28, Marlborough (L.G.P.) Tree Pipit. April 13, Redlynch (C.M.P.) April 28, Clarendon (R.W.) Spotted Flycatcher. May 9, Chute (R.T. J.) May 11, Britford (C.M.P.) May 13, Clyffe Pypard (E-H.-G:;) May 19, Lydiard Millicent (DIP 3I5(,)) May 20, Marlborough (L.G.P.) Nursteed (T.H. a ) May 22, Potterne (R.G.G.) May 27, ene (C B.W.) Pitton (R.W.) (d) Sept. 10, Pitton ie .W.) Sept. 14, Potterne (R.G.G.) Pied Flycatcher. May 10, Purton (N.H.W.) May 28, Marlborough (L.G.P.) Whitethroat. April 21, Britford (C.M.P.) April 26, Clarendon (R.W.) May 3, Alderbury (J.B.) Netherhampton (R.J.M.) May 8, Figheldean (C.B.W.) (d) Sept. 21, Pitton (RoW) Oct. 2) Butiord(@.Wr P)) Lesser Whitethroat. April 26, Britford (C.M.P.) May 1, Clarendon (R.W.) (d) Sept. 11, Pitton (R.W.) Garden Warbler. April 26, Britford (C.M.P.) May 4, Clarendon (R.W.) May 13, Marlborough (L.G.P.) (d) Sept. 14, Clarendon (R.W.) Blackcap. April 24, Britford (C.M.P.) May 4, Clarendon (R.W.) May 9, Marlborough (L.G.P.) (d) Sept: 7, Bitton (RewWwe) Grasshopper Warbler. April 27, Marlborough (I7GeR*) April 28, Clarendon (R.W.) April 29, Redlynch (C.M.P.) Reed Warbler. April 22, Stratford (C.M.P.) April 28, Marlborough (L.G.P.) April 30, Salisbury (R.W.) (d) Sept. 23, Stratford (C.M.P.) Sept. 30, Alderbury (J.B.) Sedge Warbler April 12, Britford (C.M.P.) April 19, Salisbury W.) May 3, Alderbury J.B.) May 5, Marlborough (L.G.P.) May 8, Figheldean (C.B.W.) (d) Sept. 30, Britford (C.M.P.) Marsh Warbler. May 11, Alderbury (J.B.) Willow Warbler. March 31, Bulford (W.R.A.) April 2, Chippenham (G.W.C.) April 3, Britford (C.M.P.) April 15, West Wellow (E.A.A.) April 16, Nursteed (T.H.T.) Marlborough (LE KEs =) April 17, West Wellow (J.B.) April 26, Lydiard Millicent ae P.H.) April 28, Pitton (R.W.) (d) Septs 14) Pittonn(kewwe) Sept. 23, Britford (or M.P.) Wood Warbler. April 13, Redlynch (C.M.P.) April 22, West Wellow (HALAS) By C. M. R. Pitman. 89 April 28, Pitton (R.W.) May 3, Marlborough (L.G.P.) May 15, Whiteparish (D.C.U.) (d) Oct. 6, Pitton (R.W.) Oct. 28, Laverstock (J.B.) Chiff-chaff. March 16, Potterne (R.G.G.) March 21, Britford (C.M.P.) March 25, Marlborough (CLGAIP) March 31, Bulford (W.R.A.) April 1, Chippenham (G.W.C.) Lydiard Millicent (D.P.H.) April 12, West Wellow (E.A.A.) Nursteed (T.H.T.) April 21, Clarendon (R.W.) (d) Sept. 14, Pitton (R.W.) Sept. 20, Laverstock (J.B.) Sept. 30, Britford (C.M.P.) Redstart. April 20, Figheldean (C.B.W.) April 22, Whiteparish (J.B.) April 30, Salisbury (C.M.P.) Nightingale. April 21, West Wellow (E.A.A.) April 22, Pitton (R.W.) April 23, Alderbury (C.M.P.) mpidile29, Chute (R-L. J.) (d) August 9, Pitton (R.W.) Whinchat. April 15, Figheldean (C.B.W.) April 22, Downton (C.M.P.) May 3, Alderbury (J.B.) Wheatear. April 3, Bulford (W.R.A.) April 5, Figheldean (C.B.W.) April 9, Pitton (R.W.) April 10, Laverstock (C.M.P.) April 15, Marlborough (CL G12”) May 8, Whaddon (J.B.) (de@ct. 15, Pitton’ (R.W.) Red-Backed Shrike. May 10, Salisbury (C.M.P.) May 25, Pitton (R.W.) (d) Sept., Pitton (R.W.) Swallow. April 9, Figheldean (C.B.W.) Britford (C.M.P.) April 10, Potterne (R.G.G. April 11, Chippenham (C.R.) April 13, Lydiard Millicent ( — 1D) J2-)ale) Salisbury (J.B.) Pitton (R.W.) Lyneham (A.D.P.) April 14, West Wellow (EAC AS) Nursteed (T.H.T.) Fyfield Bavant (N.H.M.) (1) May 1, Lydiard Millicent (De Als) May 3. Salisbury (J.B.) (d) Oct. 14, Pitton (R.W.) Oct. 16, Chippenham (C.R.) Oct, US Chuter(dx 1 Jp) Salisbury (C.M.P.) Oct. 19, Salisbury (J.B.) House Martin. April 12, Britford (C.M.P.) April 13, Chippenham (C. Salisbury (J.B.) April 15, Potterne (R.G.G.) Nursteed (T.H.T.) April 17, Chute (R.T. J.) April 30, Figheldean (C.B.W.) May 1, Lydiard Millicent (DP He) May 2, Pitton (R.W.) May 5, Marlborough (L.G. (1) May 3, Figheldean (C.B.W. (d)iSeper4y Chute (Ron ],) Sept. 25, Potterne (R.G.G.) Oct. 13, Pitton (R.W.) Oct. 16, Fovant (R.C. x Oct. 24, Britford (C.M.P.) Oct. 27, Oued (C ol BXo Ocral; ee ee {Gre Britford (E.W.C.) Nov. 3, Salisbury (J.B.) Sand Martin. April 6, Britford (C.M.P.) April 13, Alderbury (J.B.) Bulford (W.R.A.) April 20, Figheldean (C.B.W.) April 27, Marlborough (LL KE RIG (138i): Johannes Daunteseye, No Return made G chivaler No Return made Je Johannes de Roches, Johannes Parkere J chivaler Johannes Stowelle i No Return made Johannes Bougeis K Johannes Blake Ricardus Cachecote K Willielmus Wychampton’ Walterus Upton’ O Thomas Gay Johannes Averay O Robertus Chepman Robertus le Bont Salisbury Johannes Andrewe Thomas Boreford’ Boro’ Robertus Chambre Henricus le Bont N Johannes Boxe Johannes Cole N a9} 125] hes O OE @ le ta ee Johannes Wytherton | } Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Johannes de Daunteseye, chivaler Johannes de Roches, chivaler Willielmus Plomer Thomas Smyth No Return made Thomas Gay Robertus Chaundeler Johannes Andrewe Johannes atte Court’ Ricardus Gobet Johannes Mulleward’ No Return made Johannes Daunteseye, chivaler Johannes de Roches, chivaler Willielmus Plomer Thomas Smyth’ Willielmus Wychampton’ Willielmus Prentys Thomas Lotes Robertus Chepman Thomas Weston’ CC CC ee CC _ Johannes le Mulleward _ Johannes Bochard, spicer | 6 RIC. II (1382—3). _ Johannes de Roches, chivaler | Hugo Cheyne Johannes Coumbe Thomas Smyth | Robertus Formage _Ricardus Ronde Thomas Lote | Thomas Iremonger | Johannes Andreu | Johannes atte Court’ | Williulmus Spicer Willelmus Saltere No Return made Thomas Hungerford’, chivaler- Nicholaus Bonham Thomas Smyth’ Willielmus Plomer 5 RIC. II (1382). 5 ‘391 (e9) les] lel IO) @ © [ed [eo B= (@)) 5] le5] (e5] les] SS) © toa) los) B= Qrte eo Cocotwee q Isl A A B B No Return made Robertus Sottewell’ Robertus Monek’ Johannes Parker Nicholaus Weston Petrus Baldry Walterus Joop’ Johannes Chippelegh’ Bartholomeus Averay Thomas Hynedon. Ricardus Monek’ Johannes Stone Edwardus Roggers RIC Il (382). No Return made No Return made Robertus le Monek Rogerus Shottewell’ Johannes Parker Nicholaus Weston’ Johannes Genowyne Walterus [Jeop’| Thomas Boreford’ David Wyght Walterus de Uptone Bartholomeus Averay Johannes Cole Thomas Oterborn’ No Return made Rogerus Sottewell’ Robertus Monek’ Johannes Parker Nicholaus Weston Ricardus Polton’ Johannes Bryd’ Johannes Chippelegh’ Bartholomeus Averay Johannes Biterlegh’ Willielmus Warmewell’ Thomas Cuttyng’ Ricardus Stoke ©, im (See). Robertus Monek’ Rogerus Sotwell’ Johannes le Parkere Nicholaus de Weston’ Thomas Gildeford’ — io) Ol OOWNANaK kay Salisbury ZZ Va Wn (SO) SS, SPS PSE AE (SB) oo] |) VA VEE, ES, (©) ©) PX} PS — 08) (OD). Px a a 196 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. No Return made Thomas Gay Robertus Chepman Ricardus Cardemakier Willielmus Coventree No Return made No Return made Thomas de Hungerford, chivaler Johannes de Roches, chivaler Thomas Smyth Thomas Horlebat Wilielmus Wychampton’ Ricardus Ronde Thomas Gay Robertus Chepman Johannes Andrewe Johannes atte Court’ Johannes Bochard’ spicer No Return made Humfridus de Stafford, chivaler Robertus Russel, chivaler Willielmus Plomer Johannes Coumbe Johannes Blake [Willielmus] Wichampton Thomas Gay Thomas Irmongere Johannes Court’ Johannes Bourne Ricardus Cardemakere Johannes Bochard, spicer Robertus Corbet, chivaler Hugo Cheyne, chivaler Thomas Smyth Wilhelmus Plomer Johannes Blake Willielmus Wychampton’ Thomas Lotes Thomas Irmongere Thomas Weston’ Johannes Andrewe Ricardus Gobet Henricus Webbe No Return made @ D D F F G P Johannes Saleman Willielmus Haulegh’ Robertus Chyke Thomas Boteford’ David Wyght’ Johannes Cole Wilhelmus Chitterne 7-RIC. Il Gesay OpdmmMODoeeotwee IC. II (1384). 8 wa grat mddoonwwrp No Return made Roger Sotwell’ Johannes Sille Johannes Kyng’ Johannes Freytour Ricardus Frys Ricardus Rommersbury Johannes Averay Johannes Chippelegh’ Johannes Byterlegh’ Willielmus Warmewell Johannes Cole Henricus le Bout Rogerus Sottewell’ Wilhelmus atte Moure Nicholaus Weston’ Johannes Pusy Johannes Leche Ricardus Stapele Johannes Averay Johannes Chippelegh’ Johannes Salesbury Willielmus Lhord’ Willielmus Chitterne Adam Daubeneye 9 RIC. II (1385). A A B B Cc C D D E Je, F P G No Return made Rogerus Shotewelle Willielmus atte Moure Johannes Pusy Nicholaus Weston Johannes Polton’ Thomas Cryps Johannes Averay Johannes Chippelegh’ Thomas Boreford David Wyght Willielmus Chitterne Adam Daubeneye EA Aire 5 OO by AZAZSSOOAAKGHT SE ZASSOOKAGKHAY AAZ&SOOKANGU oy Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 10 RIC. II (1386). Thomas Islomgersiemel, Clutyeiiesr 2 Gebcooousopoondbobuboden Bb Radulphus Cheyne, chivaler A Nicholaus Weston’ Johannes Combe Alexander Oxenford Willielmus Baillef Thomas Cryps Thomas Gay Johannes Jenewyne Robertus Chaundeler Walterus Upton © Johannes Andreu Bartholomeus Averay Andreas Jones Thomas Boreford Ricardus Gobet David Wyght Wilhelmus Salter Adam Daubeneye ‘6 SoS CAO AUN OR AC EE Thomas Molyns 11 RIC. II (13887—8). Johannes Parker Alexander Oxenford Johannes Corteys Johannes atte Wyle Walterus Upton’ Johannes Averay Johannes Bytterlegh’ Thomas Burforde Thomas Cutting’ Willielmus Chitterne Toy toon Johannes Dauntesey Johannes de Budesthorn’ Willielmus Wichampton ~ Ricardus Ronde _ Thomas Gay | Johannes Suyput Johannes Andreu _ Thomas Weston’ | Ricardus Gardmakere | Wilhelmus Saltere No Return made Ao lnlclcloickeletras 12 RIC. II (1388). _ Radulphus Cheyne, No Return made chivaler?® No Return made _ Ricardus Horn Johannes atte Wile _ No Return made Johannes Curteys _ No Return made Walterus Upton _ Thomas Loute Johannes Averay | Thomas Gay David Wight Ricardus Gardmakiere Johannes Hethe _ Willielmus Spicer Adam Daubeneye _ No Return made G Johannes Hull, senior 1 _ II (1389—90). Willielmus Blankpayn Johannes Parkere Johannes Calston’ Robertus Warner Johannes Bitterlegh Willielmus Warmwell Thomas Cuttyng’ Willielmus Chitterne 14 RIC. II (1390). Johannes de Roche?? A Johannes Wroth’37 5) 1KUKE, IDE (USO). | Bernard Brocas38 JX Robertus Dyngle?8 szmOUOWrS i) Ze tH OQ _ Thomas Hungerford’ Willielmus Esturmy _ Johannes Combe | Willielmus Plomer Thomas Loute | Thomas Gay | Ricardus Gobet Wilhelmus Spicer gyiOOWW Se VA ARE KE (OO) PX PN ZZ a OLO Ne a) Ss ©) O PX 2x3 09 2 Wap SE Fe tex fps peas > 198 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wilishire. 16 RIC. IT (1392). Prorogued sine die. 16 RIC. II (1392—3). Thomas Hungerford’, Johannes Curteys K chivaler A Thomas Lechnore K Willielmus Esturmy, chivaler A Johannes Bitterlegh’ M Willielmus Coryntre F Wilhelmus Warmwell’ M Willielmus Spicer EF Johannes Cole N Willielmus Blankepayn I Henricus Bunt N Willielmus Chaloner J 17, RIC. II (1393—-4). Johannes Roches, chivaler A Ricardus Frys K Johannes Gawayn A Johannes Curteys K Nicholaus Samborn’, junior D Johannes Averay O Hugo de la Lynde EB Johannes Chippels O Johannes Tapener EF Johannes Bitterlegh’ M Ricardus Bunkere 1) Lhomas Burford’ M Ricardus Parkere ji Thomas Cuttyng N Willielmus Blankpayn J Johannes Cole N 18 RIC. II (1394—5). Johannes Lislebon’, chivaler A Johannes Curteys K Johannes Gowayn A Johannes Averay O Ricardus Cardmakyer JE Robertus Page O Willielmus Spycer F Willielmus Warmewell’ M Nicholaus Samborn’, junior J Ricardus Spencer M Thomas Froud’ ih Thomas Cuttyng N Robertus Drake K Johannes Hardy N 20 RIC. II (1396—7). Johannes de Roches, chivaler A No Return made K Robertus Corbet, chivaler Robertus Erle Thomas Keche Willielmus Alysaundre Henricus Man’ Johannes Whithorn’ Johannes Giles . VI (1425—6). Johannes Skyllyng, junior Ricardus Shotewelle Johannes Wyke Thomas Drewe Johannes Bryd Willielmus Cooke Henricus Man Johannes Bromley Nicholaus Pakke Johannes atte Fenne EN. VI (1427). Willielmus Palmer Johannes West Johannes Wodeford’ Ricardus Furbour Johannes Scot Walterus Messager Willielmus Alysaundre iz Wd kes res ol tosis OB ZA Wd eS [eal lox ANAS yO) ©) PX ENE —| 0) PAA =, OO) PAI PS = @@ A Ae Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Ricardus Baker Willielmus Coventre Johannes Coventre 1d) F F Willielmus Warwyk’ Nicholaus Pak’ Ricardus Bryght’ 8 HEN. VI (1429). Edmundus Cheyny Robertus Longe Ricardus Brigges Thomas Tropenell’ Robertus Crikkelade Wilhelmus Crikkelade Willielmus Bremesgrove Robertus Chaundeler Johannes Beynton Wilhelmus Darell’ Johannes Sturmy Robertus Colyngborne Robertus Crekkelade Wilhelmus Crekkelade Johannes Selewode Robertus Crekkelade Willielmus Smyth’ Johannes Gylys Johannes Gloucestre 10 Johannes Stourton’, miles Willielmus Darell Robertus Colyngbourne Ricardus Brigges Johannes Justice Willielmus Themse - Walterus Sergeant - Willielmus Styrope _ Robertus Criklade | Johannes Wotton’ Johannes Gilys | Johannes Craye | Robertus Andrew | Robertus Longe | Johannes Bradeley _Henricus Lynby | Robertus Criklade | Willielmus Criklade |Walterus Sargeaunt Wilhelmus Styrop’ | Johannes Criklade | Johannes Grene Willielmus Coventre Johannes Whittokesmede 11 >> Hyon CooWWe re aad dooWWPhE = GIA Ihoownee Willielmus Palmer Johannes West Johannes Byde Johannes Selwode Henricus Man Johannes Bromlegh’ Willielmus Botreauxs Johannes Dikeman, senior al S01), _ Ricardus Briggys Johannes West Johannes Gore Ricardus Forbour Johannes Wodeford’ Edmundus Pouston’ Walterus Messanger Willielmus Elisaundre Wilhelmus Pakon’ Willielmus Botreaux Ricardus Bryght’ N. VI (1432). Willielmus Ludlowe Galfridus Godelok’ Willielmus Palmer Johannes West Willielmus Gattecombe Ricardus Furbour Walterus Messager Thomas Pakyn’ Willielmus Alisaundre Thomas Freman Willielmus Botreaux Willielmus Forster N. VI (1433). Willielmus Luddelawe Ricardus Brigges Johannes West Willielmus Palmer Robertus Joce Johannes Combe Johannes Bonham Johannes Ufnam Wilhelmus Warwyk’ Ricardus Gatour Johannes Whithorn’ Willielmus Foster P 203 AZ Wig Way KE ES PX, (ON Va, Ke S(O) Oe Ree 2 YA VES SO) (©) bs peace, aol fad PR) exe (2c an} SSOO ZZ i) 204 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. 14 HEN. VI (1453). a OIG Nees TTS Edmundus Hungerford, Willielmus Ludlowe H chivaler JN Willielmus Haukessok’ H Johannes Seymour A Wilhelmus Palmer J Willielmus Halle B ' Johannes West i zticardus Forbour B Johannes Brid’ i Robertus Criklade C Robertus Colyngbourne K Willielmus Criklade Cc Henricus Longe O Walterus Sergeant D Thomas Pakyn O Wilhelmus Stirape D Ricardus Ecton M Galfridus Mone Je) Johannes Bromley M Willielmus Gatcombe B Willielmus Forster N Johannes Coventre F Ricardus Whithorn’ N Johannes Gilys F 15 HEN. VI (1436—7). Johannes Beynton’, chivaler A Willielmus Ludlowe Jel Johannes Fortescu EN Johannes Combe H Johannes Appulton’ 1} Wilhelmus Palmer J Robertus Wotton’ B Thomas Hasard J Robertus Crickkelade € Johannes Bryd K Johannes Justice Cc Johannes Wodeford K Willielmus Stirop’ D Johannes Wylly O Willielmus Hawkesok’ D Johannes Aylesby O Johannes Castelcombe E Willielmus Pakyn’ M Johannes Huberd’ E Georgius Westeby M Johannes Gough’ F Johannes Browne N Robertus Spechele F Johannes Mundy N 18 HEN. VI (1489). No Returns found at all. 20 HEN. VI (1441—2). Henricus Grene, armiger A Radulphus Lygh Johannes Lye de Thomas Chamburleyn’ Flammeston’ A Thomas de la Pylle Thomas Welle B Thomas Hasard’ Willielmus Halle B Walterus Everard’ Johannes Crikkelade C Philippus Morgan’ Robertus Gilys ©, Johannes Pole Wilhelmus Stirapp’ D Ricardus Longe Walterus Parke D Johannes Mone Johannes Longe E Robertus Longe, armiger Ricardus Nedham E Thomas Freman, marchaunt Henricus Longe F Johannes atte Fenne Robertus Spechisley Ie Johannes Uffenham Johannes Whitoxmede G 23 HEN. VI (1444—5). No Returns for Wilts County. 25 HEN. VI (1446—7). Willielmus Beauchamp, Nicholaus Pystor Es miles et chivaler iN Thomas Bartelot H Johannes Seyntlo, armiger A Thomas Hasard’ atl) Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Thomas Scargyll’ errs is. 46 Daneell’ Thomas Freman Thomas Comer Willielmus Styrappe Thomas Galeys Thomas Childe Willielmus Whetnals Henricus Newerk’ Robertus Ismell’ Johannes Brekenok’ Johannes Bailly 50 eal Johannes Baynton’, miles Henricus Longe Thomas Welle Henricus Boteler Johannes Stronge Edwardus Basyng’ Willielmus Bowden’ Willielmus Styrope Robertus Bentham Ricardus Huggus Thomas Walronde Willielmus Weston’ Johannes Lawley Andreas Sparowe Johannes Trautbek Holmes Roe... s. 0556s au Johannes Dewall’ Ricardus Warre Thomas Wellys Thomas Malery Thomas Dysswall’ Robertus Todde Johannes Whynge Willielmus Weston’ Georgius Hoghton’ Robertus Muchegode Thomas Norys Willielmus Hendlove Johannes Rokes Robertus Tilleney Robertus Bentham Edwardus Basyng Wilhelmus Prudde lw) (te) Wire = yeHOOgytHUdOOWePPE Johannes Russell’ Johannes Whittokesmede Willielmus Brygge Thomas Notte Booman hodoowt mt DIOODTHAONOOWWE> bo 00 E Johannes Nicoll’ Johannes Combe Johannes Wylly Wilhelmus Walter Robertus Spycer Thomas Temise Johannes Mone Georgius Howden’ Johannes Uffenham Johannes Lytell’ Thomas Ward’ PV (i4e=eo)e Wilhelmus Clement Robertus Spycer Thomas Hasard’ Robertus West Robertus Onewyn Georgius Howton’ Johannes Sydenham Johannes Wylly Johannes Whittokesmede Philippus Morgan Walterus Chalk’ MPWOMNAS 255 ok enn ee ss el Johannes Laurence Willielmus Forster Thomas Noreys Willielmus Brugges EN. VI’ (1449). Thomas Coberley Johannes Erneley Johannes Strange Johannes Monmouth’ Johannes Nicoll’ Thomas Walronde Thomas Broun’ Thomas Freman’ Johannes Willy Willielmus Swayn Edmundus Penston Thomas Skargill’ Johannes Benger Johannes Uffenham Wilhelmus Kayser Johannes Daunte Ricardus Horton’ N. VI (1450). Willielmus Twynehow Thomas Thorp Johannes Erle Johannes West 205 bo) oo) Wz WA FSO) ©) eal exe By) 29) 2 A Up OS © © Ps exe ao fae Be bs) Za Op Oa SS OO ex eset el eel CS uy yt 206 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Philippus Baynard’ Georgius Houghton’ Johannes Burlegh’ Willielmus Basyng’ Willielmus Wrythe Willielmus Kemell’ Thomas Norreys Willielmus Hendelove Walterus Bergh’ Johannes Wynge Ricardus Joynour Johannes Nyter ale] Pup! 'e9) leahies! (e9 S)Lel@ oO) Johannes Saymour, armiger P Johannes Saymour, armiger A Henricus Longe, armiger Thomas Umfrey Ricardus Baron’ Johannes Wolaton’ Johannes Godwyn’ Olyver Wylcotes Thomas Child’ Georgius Houton’ Nicholaus Jones Willielmus Temse Thomas Noryes Radulphus A lye [szc] Thomas Welle Ricardus Keston’ Thomas Crosse Robertus Tylney, armiger Ricardus Waller, junior, armiger Johannes Wroughton’, armiger Thomas Wynslowe, armiger Johannes Alderley johannes iCs a a) Johannes Whittokesmede 48 ee oe cere oe ese e oe ees eeee see cee e Mhomiase ener cetes oe Edwardus Asshewell Willielmus Brigg Ricardus Hayne Thomas Luyt Johannes Surnour ? PHHAHAMOD Ama Veotwe ac) DHA © © 4 5 Johannes Nicolas Johannes Combe Robertus Metford’ Thomas Burghill’ Johannes Yelverton’ Thomas Freman Edmundus Penston’ Rogerus Kemys Thomas Grigge Johannes Uffenham Robertus Fenne Alexander Appelby Johannes Lawley 31 HEN. VI (1452—3). Robertus Dyneley Willielmus Ludlowe Thomas Hasard’ Johannes Nicoll’ Thomas Hardegrave Ricardus Ady Ricardus Joynour Thomas Freman Willielmus Hore Johannes Halle Johannes Notte Bernardus Colvile Johannes Maunpesson’ Ricardus Pratte Ricardus Hasard’ Thomas Trygotte 33 HEN. VI (1455). Robertus Tylney Willielmus Ludlowe Johannes Rogers Johannes Nycoll’ (Thomas?9) Hasard’ (Thomas?**) Broun’ Thomas Vaghan’ Thomas Bagot Thomas [Freman#8] @oeceseeeeeceeeoeesresreseeoeeesen aria a gna ante cae Hynde*8 Bernardus Colvyle Johannes atte Fenne FEgidius de Acres bolted 4 VO OS OO 2a Pye AAAZAZNnNSSOOARGUEE Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 207 38 HEN. VI (1459). Thomas Hungerford’, armiger A Johannes Saymour’, armiger Galfridus Sotheworth’ Johannes Alomby Robertus Baynard’ Robertus Foster Willielmus Clement Hugo Pierson’ Johannes Wolfe, armiger Thomas Danvers Nicholas Herry Ricardus Chaundre, armiger P HOQQHMoomwWPr Johannes Nicoll’ Robertus West Ricardus Seymour Constantinus Darell Johannes Archer Thomas Baron’ Thomas Gaunsell’ Robertus Bothe Johannes Cole Robertus Neuman Johannes Jurdeley, filius Thome Jurdeley, de Eton’ Johannes Watkyns AZZnNnOoOn na aA 39 HEN. VI (1460). No Returns found Wilts County 1 EDW. IV (1461). No Returns found at all. 3 EDW. IV (1462—3). No Returns found at. all. 7 EDW. IV (1467). Rogerus Tocotes, miles Johannes Willughby, miles Johannes Benger Robertus Sheffeld Rogerus Huls Johannes Bank Ricardus Erleygh Robertus Lygh Edwardus Hungerford, armiger Johannes Ferys, armiger Robertus Queynton Johannes Lambe Thomas Welle Radulphus A legh [szc] Thomas Hunston Henricus Muchgode ME esc. vere PHHAOODHHmH BDoOootwWre 44 Arthurus Ormesby Wilhelmus Sturmy Johannes Abrigge Johannes Leycestr’ Ricardus Seymour, armiger Johannes Michell, junior Johannes Eltenhed Nicholaus Statham Johannes Aport Thomas Pery Walterus Torney Johannes Michell Johannes Whittokesmede Willielmus Stephens Radulphus Banaster Ricardus Garard bo) bo) 2 A Op CDSS © O PS} PRC eh ag 9 EDW. IV (1469). | Prorogued sine die on account of an expected invasion of the French . and Scots (Close Roll, 9 Edw. IV m. 3 d). 10 EDW. IV [49 HEN. VI] (1470). No Returns found at all. a 12 EDW. IV (1472). Rogerus Tocotes, miles A Henricus Longe, armiger A | Thomas Strangwissh B Henricus Spilman Robertus Sheffeld Ricardus Kyngesmyll Gey 208 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Johannes Gylford, junior Rogerus Townesend Johannes Hamond Willielmus Hydes Willielmus Barnevyle Johannes Whittokesmede Ricardus Vyall Robertus Nevyle Johannes Uffenham Thomas Davers Ricardus Jaye Ricardus Erley Rogerus Uffenham Johannes Suleard DPHHOOMw7AmBOUBOAn Johannes Brigges Johannes Fryse Thomas Rogers Johannes Clynton Philipus Lewys Egidius Dacres Johannes Chafyn Rogerus Hols Philippus Morgan Johannes Michell Johannes Pole Robertus Fenne Ricardus Mody Johannes Throgmerton 17 DW. WV (1477-8). -Walterus Hungerford, armiger A Johannes Cheyne, armiger A Willelmus Paston, armiger B Thomas Wareyn Willielmus Walrond, armiger C us) Willielmus Danvers Johannes Waller Willielmus Slyfelde Willielmus Barett Thomas Whityngton, armiger Johannes Fryce Johannes Peke Robertus Tocotes Aldelmus Hungerford, armiger Rogerus Hopton, armiger Johannes Ferys, armiger Walterus Herne Radulphus Banaster Johannes Michell Thomas Davers Ricardus Jay Michael Skyllyng Robertus Luyt Robertus Hilton Johannes Stone Henricus Councell Johannes Glyn Johannes Lye Johannes Staunton Johannes Pole, armiger Willielmus Baker Edwardus Baron Ricardus Pole, armiger =a] Sl @il@p) le5) 25) [eg] leg SS) Ve) 22 EDW. IV (1482—3). No Returns found at all. 1 RIC. III (1483—4). Ditto. 1 HEN. VII (1485). Ditto. a) JENBIN, WUE. C237). Ditto. 7 HEN. VII (1491). Ditto. Il] HEN, VIL (1495). Dittos 12, HEN. VII (1496—7). Ditto. Edwardus Hardgill, armiger Henricus Swayne, armiger 9) le) A (I OPIS SOO bt ea Ps) i20) 4, At) pri 5 ©) Ors Pe -—7 a8) 15 Ing) Ine Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 209 1 HEN. VIII (1509—10). Ditto. 3 HEN. VIII (1511—12). Ditto. 6 HEN. VIII (1514—15). Ditto. 14 HEN. VIII (1523). Ditto. 21 HEN. VIII (1529). Edwardus Darrell, miles°® A Johannes Bawdewyne iP Edwardus Baynton, miles 2 N Egidius Payne, generosus R SN Aran Sees generosus*2 R 2 & 3 PHILIP and MARY (1555). ‘Henricus Bodenham, armiger ‘Wilhelmus Baseley, armiger Henricus Clyfford, armiger David Seymor, armiger Willielmus Alen, generosus Edwardus Wastfylde Nicholaus Snell, armiger _ Johannes Pollard, armiger Nicholaus Poyntz, miles Georgius Hunteley, armiger Thomas Hull Jacobus Webbe Henricus Whyte, armiger Thomas Whyte, armiger Thomas Hungerford, armiger T Fulco Mouncelowe Thomas Marten, gent. iP John Bekensaw, gent. P OOmttDAHODAOCOnWS Se Johannes Storye Johannes Wynchcombe, junior Jacobus Stumpe, miles Matheus Kyng Andro Bainton, gent. Gabriell Pledell, gent. Thomas Chaffyn, junior Johannes Hooper Johannes Marshe, armiger Willielmns Chambers, generosus Thomas Frogmorton, kynght William Hoskyns Henricus Crede, mercer Willielmus Clerke, gent. Edmundus Ploden, armiger R Ricardus Bruninge, armiger R ZADOO Oe anneaae f 45 PHILIP and MARY (1557—8). Georgius Penruddock, armiger®! A Nicholaus Snell, armiger A Johannes Temple, generosus B Georgius Eden, generosus®! B Willielmus Aleyne,generosus®!C Ricardus Nicholas, generosus°! @ Johannes Sylyard, miles D Willielmus Nevyll, armiger D Willielmus Hamesher 1c) Johannes Marmyon 13, Thomas Hull, generosus®! EF Henricus Morres, generosus®! F Thomas Whyte, generosus G Thomas Gyrdler, generosus G Cristoferus Sackvile, armiger T Henricus Partriche, generosus T Johannes Gybbon, legum doctor 12 Henricus Jones, legum doctor P Sir Richard Bridges, of West- [minster], knighte Jal Thomas Marten, of London, esquier H Matheus Kynge, generosus J Gryffinus Curteis, generosus J William Daniell, gent. K William Fletewoode, gent. K Henricus Jones, armiger Thomas Bateman,generosus®! O Johannes Hooper, generosus®!M Robertus Eyer, generosus®! M Johannes Bucklond S Willielmus Allen, alias Helyer, generosus?! S Willielmus Clarke, armiger®! N Henricus Creed, generosus®! N Ricardus Brynyng, armiger®!R Humfridus Moseley, generosus?! R 1 ELIZ. (1558—9). Sit john Thynne, knt. John Erneley, esq. Francis Newdygate, esq. Henry Clifford, esq. Andrew Baynton, esq. Richard Kingsmylls QO0oUWY > Wilham Weyghtman, esq. Henry Sharryngton, esq. Lawrence Hyde, esq. David Cerney William Daniell, gent. John Younge, gent. A ASH 1G 212 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. John Harrynton, esq. Henry Hart, esq. William Webbe, merchant John Webbe, merchant Anthony Carleton, gent. Ralph Skynner, gent. Henry Bodnam, or Bodden- ham, esq. Thomas Hygate, esq. Christopher Dysmars, gent. Humphrey Moseley, gent. Edward Baynard, esq. Nicholas Snell, esq. Sir Walter Dennyce, knt. John Aysshelye, esq. John Yonge, esq. Edward Heynes JOna Sony, IL IDy Thomas Gyrldeler, gent. Sir Ralph Hopton, knt. Richard Pallady William Awbreye, gent. Henry Jones, esq. Desa OOyyAaHoO 5 ELIZ. (1562—3) 53 Edward Baynton, esq. George Acworthe, esq. John Eyer, esq. Griffin Curtis, esq. Sir John Thynne, knt. George Cope, esq. Stephen Hales, esq.4 Sir Thomas Ragland, knt. William Clarke, gent. Edward Poole, esq. William Alleyn, gent. Michael Blount, Esq. Francis Newdigate Leonard Dannet, esq. Nicholas Snell, esq. Edward Herbert, esq. Nicholas Seint John, esq. Henry Compton, esq. Anthony Throckmorton, esq. Anthony Weekes, gent. Hugh Powell, esq. Giles Estcourte, gent. Edward Heynes, esq. Hugh Ryeley, gent. Tristram Mathewe, gent. John Dyster, gent. Henry Kingesmyll, gent. William Wightman, esq. Richard Kingesmyll, esq. Thomas Highgate, esq. Richard Cabell, gent. John Hippesley, esq.°® John Foster, esq. Gabriel Pledell, esq. 14 ELIZ. (1572). DPHHOODAyHmODCOnmW>> Sir George Penruddock, knt., Sir John Thynne, knt.°® of Ivychurch, county Wilts A Edward Stafforde, gent.°® James Marvyn, esq., of John Hales, esq. Founthill, county Wilts5? A Richard Polstede, gent.®° Simon Boyer, gent.5® 58 B James Colbrand, esq. George dneland. sent 0708 1 Thomas Walkadyn, gent. William Alleyne, sen., gent. C John Danvers, esq.°® 6 William Were, alias Browne, Nicholas Snell, esq.°® yeoman C Nicholas Saint John, esq. Sir Edward Baynton, knt., John Stannop (or vice William Alleyne, gent., Stanhope®®) esq. deceased*® 59 William Bayly, gent., of the parish of Chippenham John Scott, clothier, of Chippenham William Brugis, esq. John Hugesford, jun., esq. George Raynold, Mayor of Devizes Henry Grube Hugh Powell, gent. John Frenche, gent. Giles Estcourte, esq. Hugh Tucker, gent. William Bronker, esq. Henry Bronker, gent. William Clarke, gent. Francis Vaughan, gent. Henry Knevytt (or Knyvet) 56 62 esq. ail Peli oo bo loo) PALA I OI |3\ OO ZZ is © On Aa ae ae MAAS SOOm (Naess Bea Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 213 William Darrell, esq., of Edmund Dunche, esq. R Littlecott, county Wilts G Edward Seintlowe, esq., of Stoye, County Somerset G 27 ELIZ. (1584). Charon Rawley, esq. A Francis Button, gent. ipl Anthony Mildmey, esq. A Sim Elenny Knevert, knit: J Richard Wheler, esq B John Stumpe, gent. J Roger Puleston, gent. B lemma Ueintred mesap K Stephen Duckett, esq. C Edward Stanhopp, gent., iichmelbever,) sent: ¢ ID) (Galle Kk Robert Baynarde, esq. 1D Richard Topcliffe, esq. O Robert Hyde, gent. D Roger Gyfford, M.D. O Henry Bainton, esq. F Giles Estcourt, esq. M Henry Broncker, esq. EF Christopher Weekes, esq. M Thomas Wylkes, esq. G William Bronker, esq. S) Minomas Cosen, ebb: G Edmund Myddwinter, gent. S John Thynne, esq. als John Penruddocke, esq. N Laurence Hyde, esq. T oger Earthe, esq, N Venerable Dr. Dale iP. The Worshipful Thomas Richard Sowche, gent. 12 Vaviser, esq. R John Kingesmyll, esq. Jel John Hungerford, esq. R 28 ELIZ. (1586). William Browncker, esq. A Ambrose Coppinger, esq. Jel Charon Rawley, esq. A John Kyngesmyll, esq. H Richard Wheler, esq. B Sir Henry Knyvett, knt. J Roger Puleston, gent. B lala Iban, Rees, Ot Stephen Duckett, esq. € Chippenham J John Leaver, gent. D Edward Stanhope, gent., Lawrence Hide, gent. D ID {Cell K Robert Hide, gent. D Edmund Hungerford, gent., John Higford, junior, esq. E of Marlborough K Richard Delabere, esq. E Edward Barkeley, esq. O Henry Baynton, esq.®% F Richard Topcliffe, esq. O Henry Brunker, esq.*3 F Giles Estcourt, esq. M Thomas Gorges, esq. G Christopher Weeckes, gent. M Thomas Wylkes, esq. G Robert Baynard, esq.*4 S) John Thynne, esq. cb Henry Whitaker S John Bennett, gent. al Edward Penruddoke, esq. N John Mervin, esq., of the Henry Martyn, esq. N Middle Temple, county Thomas Vavasour, Esq. R Middlesex P John Hungerforde, esq., of Richard Cossens (or Cossyn)®3 Cadnam R D.C.L., Chancellor to the ArchbishopofCanterbury P 30 & 31 ELIZ. (1588 and 1588—9). John Thynne, esq. A Henry Huyde, or Hynde, esq. H William Brouncker, esq. A Thomas Vavicer, esq. J John Seymor, esq. B Henry Bayly, gent. J Henry Oughttred, esq. B Richard Wheler, esq., of Henry Jackman, esq. C Lincoln’s Inn, County John Leaver, gent. C Middlesex K 214 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. John Cornewall, gent. of Marlborough Roger Gyfford, M.D. Henry Bainton, esq. Christopher Weekes, gent. John Bayley, gent. Henry Fanshaw, gent. John Bennet, gent. Thomas Cavendishe, esq. Robert Penruddoke, esq. Sir Henry Knyvett, knt. John Hungerforde, esq. Edward Bainton, knt. William Swayne, gent. George Snigge, gent.®? Thomas Smythe, gent.®? Henry Brouncker, esq. John Dalaber, esq. Richard Cossyn, LL.D. Lawrence Tompson, gent. Francis Zouche, esq. Joshua Elmer, esq. John Mervin, gent. John Lyly, gent. Carew Rawleigh, esq. Hoye eOOtshtmtoY 35 ELIZ. (1592—3). Sir Walter Longe, knt. A Francis Zouche, esq. Sir William Bruncker, knt. A Abraham Hartwell gent. Thomas Hungerford, esq., of Edward Thornboroughe, esq. Stocke, County Wilts 13 Chidiac Wardour, esq. james: Keynvon sent. Or Sir Henry Knyvet, knt. Bedwin B Thomas Lakes, esq. Henry Jackman, esq. C Richard Wheler, esq. Thomas Edwards, gent. C Anthony Hungerford, esq. Edward Wingfield, esq. D Anthony Asheley, esq. rancis blenvwye.res@e D Edmund Fortescue, esq. Henry Nowell, esq. E Giles Hutchens, gent. John Pledall, esq., of Framp- Robert Bower, gent. ton E Wilham Jordayne, gent. Henry Bayntun, esq. F Henry Fanshawe, gent. Richard Mompesson, esq. F Sir Thomas Morgan, knt. John Goldewell, esq. G Robert Penruddocke, esq. Thomas Willoughby, esq. G John Hungerford, esq. John Thynne, esq. al William Meredith, gent. Thomas Thynne, esq. aD 39 ELIZ. (1597). Henry Jackman, esq. Edmund Ludlawe, esq. Richard Leake, gent. Sir Henry Knyvette, knt. of Charlton Thomas Estcourte, jun., esq., of Shipton Moyne Richard Digges, esq. Richard Wheler, esq. Thomas Eire, gent. Giles Hutchens, gent. Matthew Ley, esq. James Ley, esq. Thomas Muffet, gent. Robert Penruddock, gent. Henry Dacres, esq. John Lowe, esq. Sir Wiliam Eyre, knt. Henry Baynton, esq. Anthony Hungerford, esq. Francis Castilion Thomas Edwards, esq. of Rushbury, County Salop Richard Lowe, esq. of Calne Edward Wymarke, esq. Sharington Talbot, esq. Sir George Gyfford, knt. Gray Brydges, esq. John Kent, gent. Robert Drewe, gent. Robert Turnor George Paule, esq. John Thynne, esq. Lawrence Huyde, esq. Sir James Marvyn, knt. PHHHAQDOsr5HeetOC00 sawet balled) 4 VAUD UN Ss SOO 9) Pel 4. ALON ODS 5 OO) PX PS) SE) 00 cl ine APLAAZAO AS SAA a tty Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 215 43 ELIZ. (1601). Sir Pdmund Carye, kmt.6? Michael Oldsworth, esq. O Henry, Shertield) esqnyaixe= corder of Salisbury M John Puxton, gent. M Sir Walter Long, knt. S Thomas Hopton, esq. S Sir Thomas Morgan, knt. N Sir John Evelyn, knt. N Sir John Francklyn, knt., of Wilsden, county Middlesex R Sir’ Thomas Wakes knit. or Cannons, county Middlesex R S. I (1627—8). Sir Francis Seymour, knt. K Richard Digges, serjeant-at- law K (Henny Pieneyaesqs) con swrce (Sir FrancisSeymour, knt., who elected to serve for county Wilts) K Michael Oldsworth, esq. O Christopher Keightley, esq. O Henry Sherfield, esq., Re- corder of Salisbury M Bartholomew Tookie, gent., alderman and common councilman of Salisbury M Maximilian Pettv, esq. S Charles Thynne, esq. S Sir William Herbert, knt. N Sir Thomas Morgan, knt. N John Poolye, esq., vice Sir Wilham Herbert knt. (who elected to serve for Mont- gomery county) ?4 N Sir John Francklyn, knt., of Wiulsdon, county Middlesex R Anthony Rowse, esq., of Fatcham, county Surrey [? Patchamy, ‘cos Sussex]) yal CHAS. I (1640). el Oo O@ beled t 2 h= Sir Miles Fleetwood, knt. George Garret, esq. Wilham Ashbornham, esq. Sir John Evelyn, knt. Sir Nevell Poole, knt. Anthony Hungerford, esq. Edward Herbert, esq., Solicitor General Sir William Howard, knt. Robert Hide, esq., recorder of Salisbury Michael Olsworth, esq. Seu OO ese a arg Hy Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Thomas Hodges, esq., of Shipton, county Gloucester Edward Baynton, esq. Henry Da[n?]vers, esq. Sir Edward Griffin, knt. William Eyre, esq. Sir John Berkly, knt. Thomas Moore, esq. E FE F G G T ale Sir Thomas Pennestone, knt. John Ashe, esq. Sir Henry Vane, knt. Sir Benjamin Rudyard, knt. Thomas Windibanck, esq. Edward Hyde, esq., of Pir- ton, county Wilts 16 CHAS. I (1640). (Long Parliament.) Sir James Thynne, knt. Sir Henry Ludlowe, knt. Jiamess tlerbert, esq., and Edmund Ludlowe, esq., vice Sir Henry Ludlowe, knt., deceased, and Sir James Thynne, knt., dis- abled to sit Sir Walter Smith, knt. Richard Harding, esq. Edmund Harvey, esq., and Henry Hungerford, esq., vice Sir WalterSmith, knt., and Richard Harding, esq., disabled to sit George Lowe, sen., esq. Hugh Rogers, esq. Rowland Wilson, jun., esq., of London, vice George Lowe, esq., disabled to sit Sir Edward Bayntun, knt. Sir Edward Hungerford, knt. William Eyre, esq., vice Sir Edward Hungerford, knt., deceased ; Robert Jenner, esq., of Wyd- hill, county Wilts Thomas Hodges, esq., of Shipton, county Glouc. Edward Bayntun, esq., of Bromham, county Wilts Robert Nicholas, esq., of Devizes The Hon. William Herbert, esq., son of the Right Hon. Philip Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery Sir Edward Griffin, knt. Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, fpamimieice — the EHon: William Herbert, esq., who elected to serve for county Monmouth A A ag} tag) [eg] - el lS See @Qie ww Wh > oN Robert Reynolds, esq.7® Thomas Bennett, gent., of Pithouse, vice Sir Miles Fleetwood, knt., deceased George How, gent., vice Thomas Bennett, esq., de- ceased Edmund Ludlowe, sen.,esq., vice Thomas Bennett, esq., deceased Wilham Ashbornham, esq. Sir John Evelyn, knt. Wrallterbomenesa.40 547 Sir Nevill Poole, knt. Anthony Hungerford, esq. Si oli Damvers, | Knit. Of Chelsea,county Middlesex, vice Anthony Hungerford, esq., disabled to sit Sir Francis Seymour, knt. John Francklyn, gent. Eouliga Sramyviele, ese eo Charles Fleetwood, esq., vice John _Francklyn, gent., deceased Robert Cecil, esq. Edward Herbert, ESE Solicitor General Sir William Savile, bart.’9 Roger Kirkham, esq., vice Sir William Savile, bart., disabled to sit Sine khichanrd) Wlueye, ekmt, vice Roger Kirkham, esq., deceased Robert Hyde, esq., serjeant- at-law8°? Michael Oldsworth, esq.7® John Dove, gent., alderman of Salisbury, vice Robert Hyde, esq., serjeant-at- law disabled to sit William Wheeler, esq. Xe) bo 219 A AAA 220 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Richard Gorges, esq., son of John Ashe, esq. S the Right Hon. Edward the Hons Sir Henrya Vane; Lord Gorges, Baron of knt. N Dundalk, vice Elom Sir Benjamin Rudyard, knt. N Willan blerbert.. esqy Edward Poole, esq., of Oak- who elected to serve for sey, county Wilts R county Monmouth G William Pleydell, esq,, of Alexander Thistlethwaite, Midghall, in the parish of jun., esq., vice Sir Edward Liddiard Tregoze, county Griffin, knt., disabled to Wilts R sit G Edward Massey, esq., of Thomas Moore, esq. a London, vice William Edward Ashe, esq. rT Pleydell, esq., disabled to Sir Miles Fleetwood, knt.75 P sit8! R Interregnum (1653). A List of this Parliament is given in Browne Willis’ “‘Notitia Parliamentaria.”’ (1654). Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, Gabriel Marten, esq. JX bart. AN William Eyrersesqrao7ce Alexander Popham, esq. A Colonel Alexander - Pop- Thomas Grove, esq., of Bury ham who elected to serve Court A for Bath A Alexander Thistlethwayte, Edward Bayntun, esq. F esq. A Lieut.-General Charles Fleet- Francis Hollis, esq. A wood, Commander in chief John Earnley, esq., of Berry of the Forces in Ireland K Town A Edward) Tooker lesqua ot William Yorke, esq. A Salisbury M John Norden, esq. A Wilham Stevens, esq., Re- James Ashe, esq. A corder of Salisbury M (1656). : No Returns found Wilts County RICHARD CROMWELL (1658—9). Sir Walter Sts jolmnerkaat: A hichard> Shemvyyanesq. aon Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, Westminster Jel bart. A sie Jeleany Ibes, lait, ol Henry Hungerford, esq. BS i escecas county: Oxford®? 84 J Thomas Manby, esq. B Thomas Higgons, esq., of Edward Baynton, esq. Cie OAs bax wataeteiceee ,county Southamp- William Duckett, esq. CG tome J Edward Hungerford, esq., of Thomas Grove, esq. K Farleigh Castle, county James Hayes, esq., Recorder Somerset D of Marlborough K James Stedman, esq of Richard Hill, esq., of Strat- Lincoln’s Inn D ford88 O Edwande) oolemasesq ea non William (Ludlow ?) esq., of Kemble, county Wilts E Clarrinton (Clarendon ?) John Haw/([kins],®? gent:, of Park u Mureewechies county Wilts E Henry Eyre, esq., Recorder Chaloner Chute, jun., esq. F of Salisbury M Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Edward Scotton, esq. F Woodfalls82 John Ashe, esq.83 [Samuel Ashe, esq.] Edward Tooker, esq. Edmund Ludlowe James Dewy, esq., of the Middle Temple, London H PHA © COMMONWEALTH 12 CEA Se cek Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, IBSEN A John Earnley, esq. A Robert Spencer, esq. B Thomas Gape, esq. B Edward Baynton, esq. C William Duckett, esq. C Edward Hungerford, esq., of Farleigh Castle, county Somerset Mcdwardwareole, esq, Of Kemble, county Wilts Hungerford Dunch, esq., of Wittenham, county Berks Nevill Maskelyne, esq., of Purton, county Wilts Wilham Lewis, esq. Robert Aldworth, esq. William Lewis, esq. John Norden, esq. Giles Eyre, esq. John Elliott, esq. Thomas Moore, esq. John Jolliffe, esq. Sir Thomas Thynne, knt.8® George Grobham Howe, esq. William Prynne, esq. William Thomas, esq. Silas Titus, esq., of Bushey, county Hertford, vice William Prynne, esq., who elected to serve for Lud- gershall (sic) 87 Ist isobert | Danvers. esq., of Bassetbury, county Bucks J Sir Francis Henry Lee, bart., Gi Ditchley; county, Ox- ford 4] Byte OOtstys ws oO De en aioe aatiaas hatha ,alderman of Salisbury 8? Robert Danvers, esq., of Bassetbury, county Bucks®° William Eyre, esq., of Nes- ton, county Wilts John Herbert esa, (Richard) Grobham Howe, esq. Robert Stevens, of the Middle Temple, London (7 May 1659). (1660). Henry Hungerford, esq. Jeffery Daniel, esq. Seymour Bowman, esq. John Norden, esq. Alger (non Cecil, esq.) 88 ileminvet yey CSG.,aixe Corder, of Salisbury Edward Tooker, esq. Richard Lewis, esq. Wilham Browncker, esq. Francis Swanton, esq.®9 William Hewes, gent.89 Richard Grobham Howe, esq., vice William Hewes, gent., Mayor of Wilton, whose election was de- clared void oom IPieycell, Esc, ori Midghall, county Wilts lnlemuny, ILoel Inleicdeeiny Ort Badminton, county Gloucester Sir Bayneham Throckmor- ton, knt., of Clowerwall, county of Gloucester, vice Henry, Lord Herbert, who elected to serve for county Monmouth sir Walter St. John, bart:, vice Henry, Lord Herbert, who elected to serve for county Monmouth 221 222 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. 13 CHAS. II (1661). Charles Seymour, esq. A Henry Hyde, esq. Sir James Thynne, knt., of Longleate, county Wilts, vice CharlesSeymour, esq., called to the Upper House as Lord Seymour A Thomas. Vhyvnnewmesqss or Longleate, county Wilts, vtee) SiG) James Phymne knt., deceased?9 A Sir Richard Grobham Howe, knt., and bart., vice Henry Hyde, esq., become Earl of Clarendon, and called to the Upper House John Trevor, esq.?! 91 We eS eececececeosc eee eee ese soe coos Daniel Finch, esq., vice Sir John Urevor, knt:, one of the Principal Secretaries of State, deceased? William Duckett, esq. George Lowe, esq. Edward Hungerford, esq., of Farleigh Castle, county Somerset?3 D Fenny, sSayjatumy eSGn Or Bath, county Somerset?? D Henny, Bay ntuny {esqp, sof Bath, and Sir Hugh Speke. bart.) ol.) Easellbummys county. Wilts, ‘vzcc the burgesses, whose election was declared void by an Order of the House, dated 20 June 1661 D Sir Edward Hungerford, knt. of the bath, vice Sir Hugh Speke, bart., deceased D Brancis (Gwayn) esq), wree Henry Bayntun, deceased94D Sir George Hungerford, knt. and | bart, of Cadmam), Q0W county Wilts E john Prole esq sore seur- towne, county Wilts | E William Yorke, esq. F John Kent, esq. 1) Johny iNordent) esq merce William Yorke, esq., de- ceased E Sir Charles Herbert, knt. Sir George Grobham Howe, bart. Robert Hyde, esq., vice Sir George Grobham Howe, bart., deceased William Ashbournham, esq., late of St. Giles-in-the- Fields, co. Middlesex Geoffry Palmer, esq., of the Middle Temple, county Middlesex Sir Richard Browne, sen.., knt. and bart. of London, MajorGeneral ofthe Army of the city of London, vice Geoffry Palmer, esq., de- ceased Thomas Grey, esq., eldest son of Lord Grey, Baron of Werke, vice Sir Richard Browne, knt., and bart., deceased George Legge, esq., of West- minster, vice Thomas Grey, esq., deceased?® Sir Francis Henry Lee, bart. of Ditchley, county Ox- ford Lawrence Washington, esq., of Garsdon, county Wilts Philip Howards vesqs. vor Charlton, county Wilts, viceLawrence Washington, esq., deceased Sir Edward Poole, knt. of Kemble, county-a Waltsy vice Sir Francis Henry Lee, bart., deceased Thomas Estcourt, esq., of Lincoln's’ Inns) fcountty, Middlesex, vice Sir Edward Poole, knt., deceased John Lord Seymour Jetteny, Daniell esae Sir John Elwes, knee vice John Lord Seymour, called to the Upper House as Duke of Somerset?’ Edward Nicholas, esq. John Denham, esq. Edward Tooker, esq. Aw SOOW Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 223 Edward Lewes, esq., and George Johnson, esq., vice John Kent, esq., and John Norden, esq., deceased 3) Sir Edward Bayntun, knt. of the bath vice Edward Lewis, esq., deceased Gilbert Raleigh, esq.9° Walter Bockland, esq.?° Sir Joseph Ashe, bart., vice Walter Bockland, esq., deceased?° G Henry Eyre, esq., vice Gilbert Raleigh, esq., deceased G Maurice Bockland, esq., of Standish in the parish of Downton, “vice ‘Henry Eyre, esq., deceased G Sir Joseph Ashe, of Twitten- ham(Twickenham), county Middlesex John Joliffe, esq., of London T Simeehares: Berkley, of Qax Bruton T Henry Coker, esq., of Hilde- verill a sir Charles Berkley, sen., knt., Comptroller of the Household; John Joliffe, esq., of the city of London vice the burgesses, whose elections were declared voidmioy, Order of the House w William Ashe, esq., of the immershemple, ondon, vice Sir Charles Berkley, Senet Vascount Fitz harding, deceased © 4 Francis [Swan]|ton, esq. M Stephen Fox, esq., vice Francis Swanton, esq., deceased M Edward Hyde, Esq., son of Edward, EarlofClarendon, Lord Chancellor of England, vice Edward Tooker, esq., deceased M Richard Colman, esq. Recorder of Salisbury, vice Edward Hyde, esq., deceased M William Swanton, e¢sq., Recorder of Salisbury, vce Richard Coleman, esq., deceased Richard Lewis, esq. Thomas Wancklen, esq. Eleminvzw mente nmes@ey) ULCC Thomas Wancklyn, esq., expelled S John Nicholas, esq. N Thomas Mompesson, esq., of iEnttle Bathampton. county Wilts N Johnm@berkenheads src. and Judge or Master of the Court of Faculties, vice Sir John Nicholas, knt. of the bath, who elected to serve for Ripon, county York Sir Walter St. Jobn, bart. John Pleydell, esq. nuns AAZ Al CEUAS, Il (Gye —o), Sir Richard Grobham Howe, ane aindy DATES Ol. so ceivce.. A Thomas Thynne, esq., of Longleate, county Wilts A Francis Stonehouse, esq., of Great Bedwin B John Deane, esq., of Oxen- wood, in the parish of Mitcomibe; county Wilts B Sir George Hungerford, knt. C Walter Norborne, esq. C Edward Ashe, esq. (brother of the above) Richard Howe, esq. Thomas Lambert, esq. Thomas Neale, esq., of London H John Smith, jun., esq., of South Tidward, county Southampton H Sir William Estcourt, bart., of Newnton, county Wilts J ne) a0) I=) 224 FPepresentatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Sir Edward Hungerford, Ser Jeon bom, loaice,, Oi knt. of the bath D DPracott Cerme, county. Sir George Talbot, knt. D Wilts Hungerford Dunch, esq., of Thomas Benett, esq. Down Ampney, county Edward Goddard, esq. Gloucester Je) Ehab Harvey, esq. Edmund Webb, esq., of John Young, esq. Rodbourne Cheyney, Sir Thomas Mompesson, knt. county Wilts E of the Close of Sarum Sir Walter Ernle, bart. F Alexander Thistlethwayte, Sir Edward Bayntun, knt. esq., of Winterslowe of the bath F Richard Lewis, esq. Maurice Bockland, esq., of William Trenchard, esq. Standlinch, county Wilts G Thomas Herbert, esq. Sir Joseph Ashe, bart., of Thomas Penruddocke, esq. Twitnam, county Lawrence Hyde, esq. Middlesex G John Pleydell, esq. William Ashe, esq., of Heytesbury ali 31 CHAS. II (1679). Sim Walter St. jolm martial. Richard Howe, esq. Thomas Thynne, esq. A Thomas” ‘Neale; esq) of William Finch, esq. B London Francis Stonehouse, esq. Haar ee a alee un eels Gerrard, esq., of Sir George Hungerford, knt. C Lamer, county Hertford8? Lionell Duckett, esq. SC Sir William Escourt, bart., Sir Edward Hungerford, Newnton, county Wilts knt., of the bath D Sit James: Vonesmbant of Samuel Ashe, esq. D Draycott Cerne, county Hungerford Dunch, esq., of Wilts Down,-Ampney, county Thomas Lord Bruce Gloucester E Thomas Benett, esq. Edmund Webb, esq., of Rod- Henry Lord Colraine, Baron bourne, county Wilts 1a) of Colraine John ley dell wesaqn sor Sir Eliab Harvey, knt. Midghall, county Wilts, Sir Thomas Mompesson, vice Hungerford Dunch, knt., ofthe Close, Salisbury esq., deceased E Alexander Thistlethwayte, Sir Giles Hungerford, knt. F esq., of Wauinterslowe, John Eyles, esq. F county Wilts Sir Joseph Ashe, bart. G Edward Norton, esq. Maurice Bockland, esq. G William Trenchard, esq. \WWavlbievan NSN, ESG/o, COL Thomas Herbert, esq. Heytesbury T Sir John Nicholas, knt. of Ischia ASIN, ESC, Ol the bath London al Henry St. John, esq. Sir Richard Grobham Howe, Lawrence Hyde, esq. knt. and bart. Je 33 CHAS. II (1680—1). Sit Walter St )olmnibaitan ae John Smyth, esq., of South Thomas Thynne, esq. A Tidworth, county South- Right Hon. Sir John Ernle, ampton knt. B thomas; “Neale; esquaamon John Wildman, esq. B London eee OO ey escs = Ih AAA Anns Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 225 Sir George Hungerford (C Walter Norborne, esq. Sir Edward MHungerford, knt. of the bath D Sir George Speke, bart. D William Lentall, esq., of Greate elasiey, ~county Oxford Ecdmamds Webb, esq:, of Fifield, county Wilts Sir Walter Ernle, bart. George Johnson, esq. Sir Joseph Ashe, bart. Maurice Bockland, esq., Walham~eNshe, (esq. of Heytesbury Edward Ashe, esq., of the city of London Sir Richard Grobham Howe, knt. and bart. John Thynne, esq., Sit oOnmetallbot | knit. of Lacock, county Wilts ao) nel) SP] Gl ral lolle] esl San ah Seeds: artiord, esq.82 A Sir William Estcourt, bart., of Newnton, county Wilts J Suse jjenaes “Lome: loeiacl, Oi Diracore sCerme. county, Wilts Thomas Lord Bruce Thomas Bennett, esq., Sir Ehab Harvey, knt. Sir Thomas Mompesson, knt. John Wyndham, esq., of the Close, Salisbury, Alexander Thistlethwayte, esq., of Winterslowe, county Wilts William Trenchard, esq., John Ashe, esq., ; Thomas Herbert, esq., Sir John Nicholas, knt. of the bath. Henny St) jolm, esq: John Pleydell, esq. = © OBR AAA Anws 1 JAS. IL (1685). Edward Lord Cornbury Thomas Lord Bruce Lemuell Kingdon, esq. Thomas Loder, esq. Sir John Ernle, knt. Thomas Webb, gent. Henry Bayntun, esq. Sherrington Talbot, esq. Charles Fox, esq., son of Sir Stephen Fox Edmund Webb, esq. Sim John “Palbot, knt., of Laycock WaltenmaGrubbe, esd. of Potterne Sir Charles Raleigh, knt., of Downton Maurice Bockland, esq., of Standlinch Mvalliaime Ashe, ‘esq:, of Heytesbury Edward Ashe, brother of William Ashe, esq. Robert Hyde, esq. Thomas Lambert, esq. atitomas: Neale, esq., of London er oon se mit Sie ott = Henry Clerke, esq., of Enford Sir @homas) Estcourt, knit. of Sherston Pinckney Johmysiitznerbert, ese, oF Luckington Sir John Ernie, knt. George Willoughby, esq., Chancellor and Under- Treasurer of the Exchequer, and) ay Privy, Councillor Sir Eliab Harvey, knt. Sir Thomas Mompesson, knt. Sie Sweyen Ion, Leake, ont St. Martins-in-the-Fields, county Middlesex John Wyndham, esq., of the Close of Sarum Richard Lewis, esq. James Herbert, esq. Sir John Nicholas, knt. of the bath Oliver Nicholas, esq. Henry St. John, esq. John Pleydell, esq. 1 Wa oe ae OOW ei ed AI, Op URS ~~ S 226 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. CONVENTION (1688—9—1689 Edward, Viscount Cornbury Sir Thomas Mompesson, knt. Sir Edmund Warnford, knt. John Wildman, sen., esq. Henry) )Chivers-: .esq=,.) oF Quemerford, in the parish of Calne Lionel Duckett, esq., of Box, county Wilts Henry Bayntun, esq. Nicholas Bayntun, esq. Charles Fox, esq. Thomas Freke, esq. Sir William Pinsent, bart. Walter Grubbe, esq. Sir Charles Raleigh, knt. Maurice Bockand, esq. William Ashe, esq. William Sacheverell, esq. Robert Hyde, esq. John Milner, esq. John Smith, esq. John Deane, esq. Colonel Henry Wharton Colonel Charles Godfrey _ Colonel Thomas Tollmach, vice Colonel Henry Wharton who elected to serve for A A B B an a id Guat oe SiSien e the county of Westmorland J 2 WILLIAM and MARY (1689—90). Edward Visccunt Cornbury Sir Walter St. John, bart. Anthony Lord ‘Viscount Falkland, in Scotland Sir Jonathan Raymond, knt. Francis Stonehonse, esq., of Great Bedwyn, VICE Anthony Lord Viscount Falkland, deceased Henry Bayntun, esq. Henry Chivers, esq. William Wyndham, esq., vice Henry Bayntun, esq., deceased Richard Kent, esq. Alexander Popham, esq., son of Sir Francis Popham, knt. of the bath, lately deceased Thomas Talmach, esq., vice Richard Ise, | CSG)o, deceased 98 A A B B @}@O) cg D Cv). Sir John Ernle, knt., chan- cellor and sub-treasurer of the Exchequer Sir George Willoughby, knt. John Young, esq. Thomas Pitt, esq. William Harvey, esq., and John Hawles, esq., vice john Young, esqe sand Thomas Pitt, esq., whose election was declared void Thomas Hoby, esq., of Brea- more, county Southamp- ton Gyles Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Thomas Pitt, esq., of Strat- ford - under - the - Castle, county Wilts, vice Giles Eyre, esq., appointed a Puisne Justices ote the King’s Bench Richard Lewis, esq. Peregrine Bertie, sen., esq. Thomas Penruddocke, esq. Thomas Wyndham, esq. Elenry, St: Johnwesar John Wildman, esq. Sir) Johns Berkdeyasbant, Viscount Fitzharding in Ireland vice Thomas Chaffin, esq., deceased Thomas Neale, esq. John Deane, esq. John Webb, esq., of Bidsden, within. the ‘parish ’/ of Ludgershall, vice John Dean, esq., deceased Goodwin Wharton, esq. Sir James Long, bart. George Booth, esq., vice Sir James Long, bart., de- ceased Sir john) Brame; kates Sir George Willoughby, knt. Thomas Benett, esq., vice Sir George Willoughby, knt., deceased Sir Thomas knt. Mompesson, OOAR = DHA A Anns eo ee jae Transcribed VICE esq., Richard Long, esq., Thomas Talmach, deceased Edmund Webb, esq., Charles Fox, esq., John Methwen, esq.,9? Walter Grubbe, esq., Sir Charles Raleigh, knt. Maurice Bockland, esq. Walhammes Ashe, esq., of Heytesbury Wilham Trenchard, esq., of Cuttridge, county Wilts Robert Hyde, esq. Thomas Chafyn, esq. by Canon F. H. Manley. HY OOtsneo William Harvey, esq. Mommas.) Hobyas esq, ) Ot Bremore, county South- ampton Thomas Pitt, esq., of Strat- ford-under-the-Castle, county Wilts Peregrine Bertie, esq. Richard Lewis, esq. Sir Richard Grobham Howe, knt. and bart. Thomas Wyndham, esq. Henry St: John, esq. John Wildman, esq. 7 WILLIAM III (1695.) Sir George Hungerford, knt., Henry St. John, esq. Sir Ralph Dalavall, knt. Francis Stonehouse, esq. Henry Blacke, esq. George Hungerford, esq. Alexander Popham, esq., of Littlecot Walter White, esq. Charles Fox, esq., of Water Eaton, county Wilts Edmund, Webb, esq., of Rodbourne, county Wilts Sir Edward Ernle, bart., of Maddington, county Wilts John Methwyn, esq., of the Inner Temple, London Sir Charles Raleigh, knt.9° Charles Duncomb, esq.?° Maurice Bockland, esq., vice Charles Duncomb, esq., removed from the Lower House olimihyre; esq., ot Brick- worth, county Wilts, vice Sir Charles Raleigh, knt., deceased William Ashe, esq. Edward Ashe, esq. Robert Hyde, esq. Sir Edward Ernle, bart. Sir George Hungerford, knt. Francis Stonehouse, esq. ux A B B SC Cc D D Io) E F F G G ng SIO A A B Charles Morley, esq. Henry Lee, esq., vice Sir Charless “Morley, kmt., deceased Thomas Neale, esq. John Webb, esq. Goodwin Wharton, esq. Craven Howard, esq. Sir Thomas Skepwith, bart., vice Goodwin Wharton, esq., who elected to serve for Cokermouth, county Cumberland Thomas Benett, esq. William Daniell, esq. William Harvey, esq. Thomas Pitt, esq. Sir Thomas Mompesson, knits Ot. the Close sof Salisbury Mhomasi llolyey eSe. 1Ol Bicton, county Southamp- ton Robert Bertie, esq. Richard Lewis, esq. John Hawles, esq., Solicitor General John Gauntlett, esq. Thomas Jacob, esq. Henry Pynnell, esq. 10 WILLIAM III (1698). Edward Ashe, esq. Sir James Howe, bart. Reynolds Calthorpe, esq. 227 AAAZZ OOS Cee ey ale se OOK KAS = Pp 228 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Charles Davenant, UII De Henry Chivers, esq. Henry Blaake, esq. Edward Montague, esq. Walter White, esq. Charles Fox, esq. Edward Pleydell, esq. Sir Stephen Fox, of White- hall, county middlesex, vice Charles Fox, esq., who elected to serve for Salisbury Sir Francis Child, knt. John Methwen, esq. John Eyre, esq., of Brick- worth, county Wilts Carew Rawleigh, esq., of Downton, county Wilts William Ashe, esq. SUE deolmooaotd E F F G G KF John Webb, esq.19° Walter Kent, citizen and merchant of London Michael Wicks, esq. Edward Pauncefort, esq. Richard, Earl of Ranelagh William Greinfield, gent. William Harvey, esq. Charles Mompesson, esq. Charles’ Hox, esq: Jot the parish of St. Martin-in-the- Fields, county Middlesex Robert Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Robert Bertie, esq. Richard Lewis, esq. Sir Henry Ashurst, bart. John Gauntlett, esq. EMenny Se: ajohmlesae Fenny eynnelligesap 12 WILLIAM III (1700—1701). Sir George Hungerford, knt. Richard How, esq. Francis Stonehause, esq. Charles Davenant, esq. Walter Long, esq. Walter Hungerford, esq. John, Lord Mordaunt Walter White, esq. Bdmond Dunch. esq. 701 East Wittenham, county Berks Site Stephen Hox sknits a Or Whitehall, county Middle- Sex Sir Francis Child, knt. Francis Merewether, esq. Jolin Janne, Esa, Carew Raleigh, esq. William Ashe, esq. Edward Ashe, esq. Sir James Howe, bart. George Morley, esq.1% A es) SSO @ bs bel = DUnHHAOODTe Edmund Webb, esq. John Webb, esq. Edward Pauncefort, esq. Samuel Shepherd, jun., esq. Richard, Earl of Ranelagh John Jeffryes, esq. . William Harvey, esq. Charles Mompesson, esq. Robert Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Sir Thomas Mompesson, knt., of the Close of Salisbury Charles Fox, esq., of White- hall uzce~ Siz.) Bhomas Mompesson, knt., deceased Robert Bertie, esq. Richard Lewis, esq. John Gauntlett, esq. Thomas Phipps, esq. Flenry) St) Johny jumeeesc: Fleniry immelliesae 13 WILLIAM IIT (1701). Maurice Ashley, esq. William Ashe, esq. Francis Stonehouse, esq. Michael Mitford, merchant of London Henry Blaake, esq. Edward Bayntun, esq. Sir Charles Hedges, knt. Q00OW wre Carew Raleigh, esq. Edward Ashe, esq. Sir Edward Ernle, bart., of Maddington, county Wilts George Morley, esq. Reynolds Calthorpe, esq. Colonel Edmund Webb Colonel John Webb iS @ © Aine she ee ZA in nS COOK AGH Le = Transcribed Henry Blaake, esq. Henry Chivers, esq., vice Sir Charles Hedges, knt., and Edward Bayntun, esq., whose election was de- clared void Lord John Mordaunt Walter White, esq. Bemunde Dunch, esq, of East Wittenham, county Berks Sim ocephnen Hox, knt:, of Whitehall, county Middle- sex Sir Francis Child, knt. John Methwen, esq. Sir James Ashe, bart. Richard How, esq. Robert Hyde, esq. James Bruce, esq. Francis Stonehouse, esq. Sir Charles Hedges, knt. Henry Chivers, esq. John Lord Mordaunt James Montague, esq. Thomas Webb, esq., of Rod- bourne, county Wilts Samuel Barker, esq., of Fair- ford, county Gloucester Sir Francis Child, knt. John Methwen, esq. jotmeaCinidy esq. - of “the Middle Temple, London, vice Sir Francis Child, who elected to, serve tor the City of London Francis Merewether, esq., vice John Child, esq., de- ceased Sir James Ashe, bart. Sir Charles Duncomb, knt. Bdwand — Ashe, —esq., of Heytesbury William Monson, esq., of Broxborne, county Hert- ford Sir James How, bart. George Morley, esq. Thomas Jervois, esq,, vice Geonser Money, esq:, whose election was de- clared void by Canon F. H. Manley. Cc = HHH BGloowtrr ps Ont by H OO ne) ae) fl Sir Charles Hedges, knt. Edward Pauncefort, esq. Roberta Vand, 6S@r John Jeffreys, esq. Wiliam Harvey, esq. Charles Mompesson, esq. Charles Fox, esq., of White- hall Robert Eyre, esq:, Recorder of Salisbury Henry Bertie, esq. Robert Bertie, esq. Sir Henry Ashurst, bart. John Gauntlett, esq. lenin St) Olam) atime esq Thomas Jacob, esq. NNE (1702). Col. Edmund Webb, esq. Col. John Webb, esq. Sit Chanlesmetedszes, | kit: One Oluhe rm orincipal Secretaries of State Edward Pauncefort, esq. Thomas Boucher, esq., vice Sir Charles Hedges, knt.. who elected to serve for Calne Robert Bruce, esq. John Jeffreys, esq. Edward Jeffryes, esq., vice John Jeffryes, esq., who elected to serve for the county of Brecon William Harvey, esq, Charles Mompesson, esq. Charles Fox, esq., of White- hall ; Robert Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Henry Bertie, esq.1°? Robert Bertie, esq-1o2 Sir John Hawles, knt.193 John Gauntlett, esq. lelemuryy Ses JJOlMva, ia, ENo|, Henry Pinnell, esq. 229 = ©O© peas AAAZnwWS oo A ANH AAAZAZnns & COnR 230 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. 4 ANNE (1705). Sir Richard How, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Sir George Bing. knt. Nicholas Pollexfen, esq. Charles, Lord Bruce, vice Sir George Bing, knt., who was elected to serve for Plymonth Nicholas Pollexfen, esq., re- elected on appointment as a Commissioner of Prizes!°4 Edward Bayntun, esq. George Duckett, esq. Sir James Long, bart. Walter White, esq. John, Lord Mordaunt, vice Walter White, esq., deceased Edmond Dunch, East Wittenham, co. Berks Samuels eBarker esas. 1OL Fairford, co. Gloucester Sir Francis Child, knt., John Methwen, esq. Josiah Diston, esq., vice Johu Methwen, esq., decd. Sir Charles Duncomb, knt. John Byresesq. Edward Ashe, esq. Sir Richard How, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Charles, Lord Bruce Samuel Sambrooke, esq. Edward Bayntun, esq. George Duckett, esq. Sir James Long, bart. James Montague, esq. Edmund Dunch, esq., of East Wittenham, co. Berks James Vernon mesay. sot London Edmund Dunch, esq., re- elected after appointment as Master of the Household Josiah Diston, esq. ESVGjay. Olt A A B B es) SBS 2oesx D 4 2) IG) (a9) Ia9| eg} (e9) William Monson, esq., of Broxburne, co. Hertford George Morley, esq. Reynolds Calthorpe esq. Walter Kent,-esq. John Webb, esq.!9® Thomas Farrington, esq. Harry Mordaunt, esq. Edward Ash, esq. John Jeffryes, esq. Algernon Seymour, Earl! of Hertford, vice Edward Ash, esq., who elected to serve for Heytesbury Inobert Pitt esar Charles Mompesson, esq.19® Robert Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Charles Fox, esq., of White- hall Robert Bertie, esq. Henry, Senrien a esqnma ot Chesterton, —~co,- Cam- bridge John Gauntlett, esq. William Nicholas, esq. Henry. Sits ||olamesadr John Morton Pleydell, esq. Francis Popham, esq., vice John Morton Pleydell, esq., deceased ANNE (1708). SOE @© loolles pS es) es) hy John Webb, esq. Harry Mordaunt, esq. Thomas Farrington, esq. Joseph Addison, esq., vice Henry Mordaunt, esq., deceased Algernon Seymour, Earl of Hertford James Bruce, esq. Sir Edward Ernle, bart., vice Algeraon Seymour, Earl of Hertford who elected to serve for the county of Northumberland William Harvey, esq. Robert Pitt, esq. AAoK oe d4 S&S OOK ns ae a5 = Ke OOK Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Paul Methuen, esq. Pauleviethuen, esq., re- elected after appointment to an office of profit by the Crown Sir Charles Duncomb, knt. ijolanmEyace; esq). Edward Ashe, esq. William Ashe, jun., esq. Reynolds Calthorpe, esq.}°? Edmund Lambert, esq. Robert Bruce, esq. Sir Richard How, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Charles, Lord Bruce Sir Edward Seymour, bart. Thomas Millington, esq., vice Charles, Lord Bruce who elected to serve for Marlborough James Johnson, esq.!°8 William Hedges, esq.1°8 Sir James Long, bart. Francis Popham, jun., esq.199 Edmund ‘Dunch, esq., of East Wittenham, co. Berks Samuel Robinson, esq., of Cheshunt, co. Hertford Francis Child, knt.11° Thomas Webb, serjeant-at- lawlo Sir Charles Duncomb, knt. Hohmeyre. esq: Thomas Duncomb, alias Browne eSq;,, vice Sir Charles Duncomb, knt., deceased Edward Ashe, esq. William Ashe, jun., esq. Edmund Lambert, esq.!!! George Morley, esq.1!1 12 Sir Richard Howe, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Sir Edward Seymour, bart. Thomas Millington, esq. William Hedges, esq. William Northey, esq. John Norris, esq. John Eyles, esq. Sir Thomas Read, bart., of Shipton, co. Oxford F Qos tlle le (Ce ee@ies HM DUOOWUPr, THHHO Dorr > DP De AOOy Robert Eyre, esq., Recorder of Salisbury Charles Fox, esq. Robert Eyre, esq., re-elected after appointment as Solicitor General leninyvasenties Sq): Francis Annesley, esq. Sir Lambert Blackwell, knt. Charles: Mompesson, esq. Francis Popham, esq. Robert Cecil, esq. NNE (1710). Henry Lee, alias Warner, esq., vice George Morley, esq., deceased John Webb, esq. Thomas Pearce, esq. Thomas Farrington, esq. Joseph Addison, esq. Sir John Rushout, bart., vice Thomas Farrington, esq., deceased Charles, Lord Bruce Robert Bruce, esq. Richard Jones, esq., vice Charles, Lord Bruce, called to the Upper House Thomas Pitt, esq. William Harvey, jun., esq. Charles Fox, esq. Robert Pitt, esq. Henry Bertie, esq. Francis Annesley, esq. Charles Mompesson, esq. Peter Bathurst, esq.1!2 Henry St. John, esq. Richard Goddard, esq. Edmund Pleydell, esq., vice Henry St. John, esq., who elected to tsenve stor, the county of Berks NNE (1713). Robert Ferne, Covent Middlesex John Ward, esq., of Hackney, co. Middlesex, vice John Richmond, alias Webb, esq., who elected to serve for Newport alias Medina, co. Southampton Sir John Rushout, bart. CSGlon Oi Garden, Cor 231 yey Gg WAS bo bo) A Gres SO 2s H J) 232 Representatives in. Parliament. from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. William Gore, London Samuel Robinson, esq., of Cheshunt, co. Hertford, vice William Gore, esq., who elected to serve for Colchester, Essex Robert Child, esq. john Nicholas, ‘esq, of Alcannings, co. Wilts Jiohn Eyre; esq: John Sawyer, esq. Edward Ashe, esq. Peirce a’Court, esq., of Ivy- church, co. Wilts Reynolds Calthorpe, jun. Richard. Lockwood, esq. John Richmond, alias Webb, esq., Lieutenant General of the Forces ESGna)) Ol esq., - 12, He 8 AO aH a Joseph Addison, esq. Robert Bruce, esq. Gabriel Roberts, esq. Thomas Pitt, esq. Robert Pitt, esq. Charles Fox, esq. Richard Jones, esq. Sir Sotephent shoxcas kane vice) Charles hoxemesdr, deceased Henry, Bertie esq: Francis Annesley, esq. John London, esq. Thomas Pitt, esq., jun. Richard Cresswell, esq. Edmund Pleydell, esq. i GEORGE 174-15). Sir Richard How, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Stephen Bisse, esq. Wilham Sloper, esq. Sir Orlando Bridgeman, bart. Richard Chiswell, esq. John Eyles, esq. Giles Earle, esq. Giles Earle; esq., re-elected after appointment to an Do oowwre office of profit by the Crown D Sir Thomas Reade, bart. Jacob Sawbridge, esq. Matthew Ducie Morton, esq., vice Jacob Sawbridge,esq.., expelled the House Josiah Diston, esq. BrancisyAesmes@e Benjamin Haskins Stiles, esq., of Bowden Park, co. Wilts, vice Francis Eyles, esq., expelled the House Charles Longueville, esq. Jjohnmycemesae E E F F FE G G John Ivory Talbot, esq. Sir John Rushout, bart. Joseph Addison, esq. Joseph Addison, esq., re- elected after appointment to an office of profit by wae (Cronin, 8. jain, 1715—16 Joseph Addison, esq., re- elected after appointment to an office of profit by the Crown, 2.e. Apr., 1717 Fleetwood Dormer, esq., vice Joseph Addison, esq., deceased Sir Wiliam Humphryes, knt. and bart. Gabriel Roberts, esq.1!3 Thomas Pitt, sen., esq, Robert Pitt, esq. Sir William Strickland, of co. York, bart.,vice Thomas Pitt, appointedto an office of profit by the Crown = OO rl ik A AVA Onin coy Ore eyes O Transcribed Giles Eyre, esq., vice John Eyre, esq., deceased Edward Aske, esq. William Ashe, esq. DGimandweeNsiie, | €Sq.,- Ie- elected after appointment to an office of profit by the Crown CeopemvVades esq. Of St. James’, co. Middlesex Reynolds Calthorpe, esq., of Elvetham, co. Southamp- ton Jolin weet, Sq. | vice Reynolds Calthorpe, esq., deceased John Richmond, alias Webb, esq. 8 Sir Richard Howe, bart. Robert Hyde, esq. Richard Goddard, esq., vice Robert Hyde, esq., de- ceased Robert Bruce, esq. Charles Longueville, esq. Benjamin Haskins Stiles, esq. George Duckett, esq. Edmund Pike Heath, esq., vice Benjamin Haskins Stiles, esq., who elected to serve for Devizes, co. Wilts Matthew Ducie Morton, esq., vice George Duckett, esq., appointed to an office of profit by the Crown Edward Rolt, esq. Sir John Eyles, bart. Thomas Boucher, esq., vice Edward Rolt, esq., de- ceased Thomas Gore, esq. Sir Thomas Reade, bart. Benjamin Haskins Stiles, esq.,of Bowden Park, co. Wilts Joseph Eyles, esq., of London John Verney, esq. Giles Eyre, esq. John Verney, esq., re-elected after appointment to an @ince! Of profit. by the Crown VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXIII. by Canon F. H. Manley. AHO P H Sir William Strickland, bart., of Yorkshire, re-elected after appointment to an Oils Oi jortorms lony ware Crown Francis Swanton, esq. Edmund Lambert, esq. Anthony Duncombe, esq., of Barford, co. Wilts, vice Francis Swanton, esq., deceased George, Lord Carbery, of the kingdom of Ireland!!4 Charles Allanson, esq.¥U# John London, esq. Mhomas Pires uns esq: Sir James Long, bart. William Northey, esq. GEO. I (1722). > i) Giles Earle, esq.1!® John Fermor, esq.146 Charles Stewart, esq. vice Johnvlermornyesq., decd: Algernon Seymour, esq., commonly called Earl of Hertford Gabriel Roberts, esq. Thomas Gibson, esq., vice Algernon Seymour, esq., commonly called Earl of Hertford, who elected to serve (for the county of Northumberland Thomas Pitt, esq. Robert Pitt, esq. George Morton Pitt, esq., of Waiseyae Preston, co. Dorset, vice Robert Pitt, esq., who elected to serve for Oakhampton, CO! Devon John Pitt, esq., vice George Moncton: mitts esq. ap. pointed to an office of profit by the Crown . George Pitt, esq., of Strat- field Sea, co. Southamp- ton, vice Thomas Pitt, esq., deceased Anthony Duncombe, esq., of Barford, co. Wilts Francis Kenton, esq. James Bertie, esq. 233 SSO iy bs) eal 4 ZAG C AA OOK © RSS © 234 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wultshire. Edward Ashe, esq. T Pierce Av Court; esq: ah Charles Cavendish, esq., com- monly called Lord Charles Cavendish, vice Pierce A’Court, esq., deceased Henry Ludlow Coker, esq. Robert Gray, esq. General John Richmond, alias. \Vebbs “esq:, on Biddesdon, co. Wilts H Borlace Richmond, alias Webb, esq., of Biddesdon, co. Wilts H Anthony Cornish, esq., vice John Richmond, alias Webb, esq., deceased H 39) a0) =I Francis Annesley, esq. George Word) Saronk= ot Carbery, in the kingdom of ) ireland eaices miames Bertie, esq... who elected to serve for the county of Middlesex Thomas Lord Londonderry Robert Herbert, esq. Robert Herbert;\sesqs 7 -1e- elected after an appoint- ment to an office of profit by the crown Robert Murray, esq. Wilham Chetwynd, esq. 1, CEOM Uh (hiene Sir James Long, bart. A John Ivory Talbot, esq. A On JslOwy, CSG, G0ee Sie jianles moneemloatstpcleccas William Sloper, esq.1!¢ B Sir William Willis, bart. B Francis Seymour, esq., vice Sir William Willis, bart., deceased Wilham Duckett, esq. William Wardour, esq. Rogers Holland, esq. Gabriel Roberts, esq. Christopher Tilson, esq., of St. Margaret’s, Westminster Sir Dhomasixead- bart, Of Shipton, co. Oxford Benjamin Haskins Stiles, esq., of Bowden Park, co. Wilts F Prancis yvles, jum esq not Southbroome in the par. of Bishops Cannings, co. Wilts John Verney, esq. Giles Eyre, esq. John Verney, esq., re-elected after appointment to an office of profit by the crown G Horation Townshend, esq. T Edward Ashe, esq. a George Heathcote, esq. P 12) Jal H ae wo oGacts Q © J Townsend Andrews, esq. Borlace Webb, esq. Charles Boone, esq. Giles Earle, esq. William Rawlinson Earle, esq., son of Giles Earle, esq. Giles Earle, esq., re-elected after appointment to an office of profit pyar the crown Wilham Rawlinson Earle, CSap re-elected after appointment to an office of profit by the crown Thomas Gibson, esq. Edward Lisle, esq. Thomas Pitt, esq. Thomas Pitt, Earlof London- derry in the kingdom of Ireland Chitty St. Quintin, esq., vice Thomas, Pitt, esqey who elected to serve for Oak- hampton, co. Devon Thomas Harrison, esq., of London, vice Thomas Pitt, Earl of Londonderry in in the kingdom of Ireland, appointed to an office of profit by the crown Thomas Lewis, esq. Anthony Duncombe, esq. Francis Annesley, esq. John Gifford, esq. Robert Herbert, esq. Thomas Martin, esq. John St. John, esq. John Crosse, esq. ELL Op OARS WAZA AAAZAAZnnNS SO ' Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 2 SEGHO. Il (a4). John Ivery Talbot, esq., of Laycock, co. Wilts John Howe, esq., of Wish- ford, co. Wilts Walia sloper,- esq., Of Westwoodhay, co. Berks OMe VLUGhAay, Crantuxdy wesqr. ol Auchinames, N.B. Edward Bouverie, esq.!2! Stephen Fox, esq. Jacob Pleydell Bouverie commonly called Viscount Folkestone, vice Edward Bouverie, who accepted the Stewardship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks Peregrine Bertie, esq. Wiham Blackstone, esq. Charles Dillon, esq., vice Sir William Blackstone, knt., appomited! Some sols ecne Puisne justices or the King’s Bench Nicholas Herbert, esq. Henry Herbert, esq. laloony Jnksrloece, CSG, Ol Highcleare, co. South’ton, re-elected after accepting the Stewardship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks Henry Saint John, esq. Thomas Estcourt Cresswell, esq. x = 50 C6 Oops Az Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. John Stewart, esq.,common- ly called Lord Garlies Penistone Lamb, esq., of the aie Ou St) james) Westminster, co. Midd. James Stewart, commonly called Lord — Viscount Garlies, re-elected after appointment as one of the commissioners of police in Scotland H Jal H lenny Saini |olim, esq re- elected after appointment as one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber 1 (CID), 1NNE GLIA), Charles Penruddock, esq. Ambrose Goddard, esq. James Stopford, esq., Earl of Courttown in the king- dom of Ireland Paul Methuen, esq. James Cecil, esq., commonly called Viscount Cran- bourne, vice James Stopford, EarlofCourtown in the kingdom of Ireland, whoaccepted the Steward- Sipe Otm nthe. Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks. John Dunning, esq. Isaac Barre, esq. Sir Edward Bayntun, bart., of Spy Park, co. Wilts Samuel Marsh, esq., of the City of London Arnold Nesbitt, esq. William Earle, esq. Samuel Peach, esq.,and John Dewer, esq., vice William Barlemesqs, decd. jolmipeDewenr, . esq. - urce Samuel Peach, esq., and John Dewer, esq., whose election was declared void John Macpherson, esq., vce Arnold Nesbitt, esq., dec’. Charles Garth, esq. James Sutton, esq., of New anki. | the par. of Bishop’s Cannings, co. Wilts Sir Phillip Hales, bart.122 John Cooper, esq. Thomas Duncombe, esq., of Barford, co. Wilts, vice John Cooper, esq., dec’. A A B B eg gee SS Goat poles) QOH Archibald Macdonald, esq., vice Richard Smith, esq., whose election was de- clared void Sir Penistone Lamb, bart., Lord Melbourne of the kingdom of Ireland George Gordon, commonly called Lord George Gordon Charles James Fox, esq. William Straham, esq., of New Street, London Charles James Fox, esq., re- elected after accepting the Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Bucks James Brudenell, esq. Sir James Long, bart. Pinkney Wilkinson, esq., of Burnham, co. Norfolk Thomas Pitt, esq., of Bocon- nock, Cornwall jacobr leydelly, Bouvenie, called Viscount Folkstone William Hussey, esq. William Henry Bouverie, vice Jacob Pleydell Bouverie,commonly called Viscount Folkestone,called LOM them ppen me Lousesas Earl of Radnor Thomas Francis Wenman, esq. Nathaniel Bayly, esq. Samuel Estwick, esq., vice Nathaniel Bayly, esq., whoaccepted the Steward- ship of the manor of East Hendred, co. Berks Nicholas Herbert, esq., of Great Glemham,co.Suffolk 241 R hg a esate ac SS 6. © eee M S S) S N 242 hepresentatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Robert Shaito; vesqs,.v71ce Thomas Duncombe, esq., dec?. William A’Court Ashe, esq. William Gordon, esq. William Gordon, esq., re- elected after appointment as one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber Richard Smith, esq. Thomas Brand Hollis, esq. Richard Smith, esq., and Henry Dawkins, esq., vice Richard Smith, esq., and Thomas Brand Hollis,esq., whose election was de- clared void ag) aol P Penny vlenperty sesqr amon Highcleare, co. South’ton Charles) Herbert. 1esqu, Of Charles Street, Berkeley Squares ‘cos (Miudde wice Nicholas Herbert, dec? Charles Herbert, ‘esq: of Queen Anne St., Caven- dish Square, co. Midd., re-elected after appoint- mentas one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber Henry Saint John, esq. Robert Scott esq: 21 GEO. III (1780). Charles Penruddock, esq. Ambrose Goddard, esq. Sir Merrick Burrell, bart. awl) Methwen esr. o% Corsham House, co. Wilts Paul Cobb Methuen, esq., vice Paul Methuen who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Isaac Barré, esq. John > -Dunnine vesqye ot Spitchweek a) Parkes) co: Devon James Townsend, esq., of Bruce Castle, co. Midd., vice John Dunning, ap- pointed Chancellor of the Duchy and county Pala- tine of Lancaster Isaac Barré, esq., re-elected after appointment as Treasurer of the Navy Isaac Barré, esq., re-elected after appointment as Pay- master General of the Land Forces laksa DeNccis, ESC, Ol Standlinch, co. Wilts Giles Hudson, esq., of the city of London Ecos Isilvicher, Esc, Oi Thistleton, co. Rutland, vice Giles Hudson, esq., deceased A A B B QW D D Moya Kenyon tesapamehe- elected after appointment as Attorney General Loyd— Kenyon, ) esqkane- elected after appointment as Attorney General George Augustus Selwyn, esq., of Matson, co. Glos. Penistone Lord Melbourne of the kingdom of Ireland George Augustus Selwyn, esq.) ne -clected auctor appointment as Surveyor General of the Land Revenue (?23) George Legge, Viscount Lewisham Arthur Hill, Viscount Fairford John Calvert, jun., of Albury Healik”= co, selemtswaice George Legge, commonly Called) Lord pWascoume Lewisham, who elected to Senve | fom, the mcoulmityanon Stafford James Stopiord, ) 2anlon Courtown, in the kingdom of Ireland William Woodley, esq., of the city of Westminster Pickney Wilkinson, esq., of Burnham, co. Norfolk Thomas > Pitt. esqauamon Boconnock, co. Cornwall N AZ K Transcribed Paul Benfield, esq. John Macpherson, esq. George Richard St. John, vice John Macpherson, whose election was de- clared void Charles Garth, esq., Recorder Sir James Tylney Long, bart., Gi Draycou Cerne, Co: Wilts F Henry Jones, esq., of the CiygeOmn Wondon,. vce Charles Garth, esq., ap- pointed one of the Com- missioners of Excise Henry Seymour Conway, second son of the Earl of Hertford Robert Shafto, esq., of Bar- lOc, CO, Wolke William A’Court Ashe, esq. William Eden, esq. Francis Burton, esq., vice William Eden, esq., who elected to serve for New Woodstock, co. Oxford Wilham Peirce Ashe A’Court, esq., vice William A’Court Ashe esq., dec? Lloyd Kenyon, esq. Nathaniel William Wraxall, esq. 24 Charles Penruddock, esq. Ambrose Goddard, esq. Sitgejames Tylney Long, lOALEE.. Vice Charles Penruddock, esq., dec? James Graham, commonly called the Marquis of Graham Robert Manners, esq., of Peloxinaim: co, Lincoln James Graham, commonly called Marquis of Graham, re-elected after appoint- ment as Joint Paymaster General of the Land Forces Isaac Barré, esq. by Canon F. H. Manley. 243 E George Harding, esq., K.C. E and Solicitor General to Her Majesty, vice Pickney Wilkinson, esq., dec*. O John Charles Villiers, son of the Earl of Clarendon, vice Thomas Pitt, esq., called top them Uippers louse tas Baron Camelford O William Henry Bouverie M Wilham Hussey, esq. M S S ollcs Samuel Estwick, esq. John Whalley Gardiner, esq. Samuel Estwick, esq., re- elected after appointment as Secretary and Registrar of the Royal Hospital at Chelsea S Samuel sStwick> esq) 1e= elected after appointment as Secretary and Registrar of the Royal Hospital at Chelsea S George Augustus Lord Herbert aly Wiliam Gerard Hamilton, esq: Henry Saint John, esq, William Strahan, esq. _ HED AAZ Z cola! GEO. III (1784). A Jeeml — Isenvielel, Esl, wae? A James Maitland, com- monly called Viscount Maitland, called to the TN Upper House as Earl of Lauderdale J jiamesyeStopiond,) yh arl vor B Courtown, in the kingdom of Ireland K sure J2laulhijo: Islales, log yey, Oli Brymore, co. Somerset K JAnnes Swosioil, Ifaicl Or Courtown, in the kingdom of Ireland, re-elected after appointment as Treasurer of the Household K QW 244 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. James Townshend, esq., of Bruce Castle, co. Midd. Josepha ijiekyll> Sesqns fot Linccln’s Inn, barrister at- law, vice James Towns- hend,"esqn,decs Georges Mludvers, esqr, aot Thisleton, co. Rutland James Dawkins, esq., of Upper Norton, co. Oxford John Walker Heneage, esq.124 Robert Nicholas, esq. Thomas Estcourt, esq., vice Robert Nicholas, esq., appointed one of the Commissioners of Excise Sir james Tylney, ) Kone: bart., of Draycot Cerne, co. Wilts Henry Addington, esq., of Southampton’ St... "co. Midd. Joshua Smith, esq., of Stoke Park, co. Wilts, vice Sir James Tylney Long, bart., who accepted the Steward- Ship 7 of the * Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks. Robert Shafto, esq.125 William Seymour Conway, esq. ; the last election of burgesses, so far as relates to one of the burgesses, having been determined to be void126 William Eden, esq. Wilham Pierce A’Court, esq. William Egerton, esq. Edward Bearcroft, esae Edward Bearcroft, esq., re- elected after appointment as Chief Justice of Chester George Augustus Selwyn, esq), Ol Matson, ico: Gloucester Nathaniel William Wraxall, ESG.5) Olt Chenpar aol St George’s, Hanover Square, co. Midd. Penistone amb, Viscount Melbourn James Maitland, Viscount Maitland Ashe C gigs Gt © ay DHF so John Charles Villiers, esq., second son of the Earl of Clarendon George Harding, esq., K.C., Solicitor (General ito; teller Majesty John Charles Villiers, esq., re-elected after appoint- ment as Comptroller of the Household George Harding, esq., re- elected after appointment as Justice of the counties of Glamorgan, Brecon, and Radnor within the Principality of Wales John Charles Villiers, esq., re-elected after appoint- ment as Warden and Chief Justice, and Justice in Eyre 2of | theme onrests, Chaces, Parks and War- rens, north of the Trent William Henry Bouverie,esq. William Hussey, esq. Samuel Estwick, esq. Chaloner Arcedeckne, esq. John Madocks, esq., vice Chaloner Arcedeckne,esq., whoaccepted the Steward- ship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks George Augustus Lord Herbert William Gerard Hamilton, esq. Philip Goldsworthy, esq., vice George Augustus Herbert, commonly called Lord Herbert, appointed Vice Chamberlain George Augustus Herbert, commonly called Lord Herbert, vice Philip Golds- worthy,esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks George Augustus North, esq. Robert Seymour Conway, esq. nnssO bh Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 30 GEORGE IT (1790). SirJamesTylney Long,bart., of Draycot Cerne, co. Wilts A Ambrose Goddard, esq., of Swindon, co. Wilts Henry Penruddock Wynd- ham, esq., of Salisbury, co. Whitssievce Sir james Tylney Long, bart., dec. James Graham, commonly called Marquis of Graham John Stewart, commonly called Lord Down James George Stopford, commonly called Lord Viscount Stopford, of the kingdom of Ireland, vice JamesGraham,commonly called Marquis of Graham, called to the Upper House as Duke of Montrose Edward Hyde East, esq., of Bloomsbury Square, co. Midd., vice John Stewart, commonly called Lord Down, dec. James George Stopford, commonly called Lord Viscount Stopford, re- elected after appointment as Treasurer of the House- hold Joseph Jekyll, esq., of Lin- colla’s Ibm, ~ CO, WiheiGl, Barrister-at-law John Morris, esq., of Box, co. Wilts, K.C. Benjamin Vaughan, esq., vice John Morris, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks George Fludyer, esq., of Thistleton, co. Rutland James Dawkins, esq., of Upper Norton, co. Oxon John Walker Heneage, esq. Thomas Estcourt, esq. Henry Herbert, esq., commonly called Lord Porchester, vice John Walker Heneage, esq., who accepted the Stewardship ot the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks A ado © © William Beckford, esq. James Adams, esq. Thomas Wildman, esq., vice Wiliam Beckford, esq., who accepted the Steward- Soy Ow was Chiulsyern Hundreds, co. Bucks. James Wildman, esq., vice Thomas Wildman, esq.dec. George Augustus Selwyn, esq. Wiliam Assheton Harbord, esq. Samuel Bont espe. Ol Eutney, lullk com Surrey. vice George Augustus Selwyn, esq., dec. Nathaniel Newman, esq., Alderman of the City of Eondonmaiedvce Samuel SHMNEO, ESC, COC. Paul Benfield, esq. Benjamin Bond Hopkins, esq. Sir James Sanderson, knt. and alderman of the city On ondom,) wice, Paul Benfield, esq., who ac- cepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Buck Francis Glanville, esq., of Catchfrench, co. Cornwall, vice Benjamin Bond Hop- kins, esq., dec. james =Stoptord, = Earl) of Courtown, in the kingdom of Ireland Major-Gen. Thomas Bruce Charles William Montague Scott, commonly called seal ox IDallkenan, dace James Earl of Courtown, in the kingdom of Ireland, whoaccepted the Steward- ship of the Chiltern Hun- dreds, co. Buck George Harding, esq. John Sullivan, esq. William Henry Bouverie, esq. William Hussey, esq. Samuel Estwick, esq. Evan Law, esq. 245. aby = Sy tae] the no) he) 4 AA nnsSOon 246 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. Henry Addington, esq. Joshua Smith, esq., of Stoke Park, co. Wallts Bartholomew Bouverie, esq. Sin Walham~- Scott. knts or DoctorsCommons, London William Lord Auckland, of the kingdom of Ireland William Pierce Ashe A’Court, esq. Michael Angelo Taylor, esq., vice William Pierce Ashe A’Court, esq., whoaccepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern’” Hundreds, co: Bucks. Richard, Earl of Barrymore of the kingdom of Ireland, vice Michael Angelo Taylor, esq., who elected to serve for Poole, co. Dorset Charles Rose Ellis, esq., vice Richard, Earl of Barry- more, in the kingdom of Ireland, dec. Henry Welbore, Lord Vis- COune. Cliident=q of tne kingdom of Ireland, vice Wilham, Lord Auckland, in the kingdom of Ireland, called to the Upper House as Baron. Auckland of West Auckland, CO, Durham 36 Ambrose Goddard, esq. Henry Penruddock Wynd- ham, esq. Major-Gen. Thomas Bruce John Wodehouse, esq. Robert John Buxton, esq., vice Thomas Bruce esq. [sre idec: Joseph Jekyll, of the Inner Temple, London, barrister- at-law Sir Francis Baring, bart., of the city of London (Coos Jalinchyer, esq., Ol Thistleton, co Rutland F eal S| @) @y iss) Alt Samuel Estwick, jum., esq. vice Evan Law, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Buck Edward Wilbraham Bootle, esq., vice Samuel Estwick, SEMeMeSCaec: George Augustus Herbert, commonly, callled™s cord Herbert Lord Viscount Fitzwilliam Philip Goldsworthy, esq., vice George wy Aueuscus Herbert, commonly called Lord Herbert, called to the Upper House as Earl of Pembroke John Christopher Burton (Dawnay), Lord Viscount Downe of the kingdom of Ireland John Thomas Stanley, esq. CEO Im (17196) A Woe ue) Peter Isaac Thellusson, esq., of Rendlesham House, co. Suffolk : Philip Metcalfe, esq., vice Samuel Smith, esq., who clectedwi to senvemionmaulne borough of Leicester Charles Bruce Brudenell Bruce, commonly called Lord Bruce James Bruce, esq. Robert Brudenell, esq., vice james, Bruce, esau, who accepted the Steward- ship) ).of 9 ithe | @huiltermm Hundreds, co. Bucks AW AN Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. James Dawkins, esq., of Upper Norton, co. Oxon Thomas Estcourt, esq. Henry George Herbert, esq., cCommonive called) word Porchester Henry Addington, esq. Joshua Smith, esq. Henry Addington, esq., re- elected after accepting the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Henry Addington, esq., re- elected after appointment as Treasurer and Chancellor Yot the Ex- chequer Edward Bouverie; esq., of Squemmles Court, co, Kent Sie vallhiameScoue, knt.. of DoctorsCommons, London Sir William Scott, knt., re- elected after appointment as President and Judge of tas Ishin Copice oi Admiralty of England William Pleydell Bouverie commonly called Viscount Folkestone, V1Ce Sir William Scott, knt., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Henry Welbore, Lord Waiscoumes Cliiden oi the kingdom of Ireland Sig olmublemine Weicester, bane oL Mabley) Halll im vies county ‘palatine’ of Chester Wilham Wickham, esq., vice lenin \Velbore; — Lord Viscount Clifden called to the Upper House as Baron Mendip Matthew Gregory Lewis, esq. James Wildman, esq., Charles William Montague Scott,, commonly called Earl of Dalkeith Thomas Everett, esq. Samuel Smith, esq., of New Street, Spring Gardens D E Hy iy no hd angen Richard Colley Wesley, Earl of Mornington, of the kingdom of Ireland, a Privy Councillor George Harding, esq., Jus- tice of the cos. of Glamor- gan, Brecon, and Radnor, within the Principality of of Wales Charles Watkin Williams Wynn, esq., of Lincoln’s Inn,co. Midd.,vzce Richard Colley Wesley, Earl of Mornington, in the king- dom of Ireland who ac- cepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundred, co. Bucks Sir George Yonge, bart., knt. of the bath, vice Charles Watkin Williams Wynn, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Bucks Jjohntetlones Mooke sesq,, vice sir George Yonge, bart., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Buck William Henry Bouverie, esq. William Hussey, esq. Sir Henry Paulet Saint John Mildmay, bart. George Ellis, esq. George William Richard FlaKrcountyesqe. Lieut..Col: in the 40th Regiment of Foot, vice George Ellis, esq., who elected to serve for Seaford Simon Harcourt, esq., vice George’ Wilham Richard Harcourt, esq., who ac- cepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks» Lord Viscount Fitzwilliam Philip Goldsworthy, esq. Johny y Spencer tesqueiwiec Philip Goldsworthy, esq., deceased John Denison, esq. Edward Clarke, esq. 247 5 © NW ZZ) AA Zz 248 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. 42 GEO. III (1802). Ambrose Goddard, esq. Henry Penruddock Wynd- ham, esq. Sir Robert John Buxton, bart. Sir Nathaniel Holland, bart. Lord Henry Petty Joseph Jekyll, esq. Joseph Jekyll,esq.,re-elected after appointment as a King’s Counsel Osborne Markham, esq., vice Henry Petty, commonly called Lord Henry Petty, appointed Chancellor and Wnader ireasunrer or athe Exchequer James Dawkins, esq., of Upper Norton, co. Oxon John Maitland, esq., of the city of London!27 Thomas Estcourt, esq. Henry Charles Herbert, esq., commonly called Lord Porchiester, Henry Addington, esq. Joshua Smith, esq. Thomas Grimston Estcourt, esq. ot) INew Park, co: Wilts, vice Henry Adding- Con. esq Calledsy tommune Upper House as Viscount Sidmouth - John William Ward, esq., son of Viscount Dudley and Ward Edward Bouverie, esq., of Berkeley Square, im the city of Westminster Charles Marsham, commonly called Viscount Marsham, vice John William Ward, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of theChiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks John, Lord De Blaquiere, vice Edward Bouverie, esq., = who saccepteds) the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks John Hamilton Fitz Maurice, commonly called Viscount Kirkwall, only son of the Countess of Orkney A @QOledts) Ss @ woo © hy ry jijohngRedley esq? Charles William Montague Scott, commonly called Earl of Dalkeith Thomas Everett, esq. Magens Dorrien Magens, esq., of Cavendish Square, co. Midd., vice Charles William Montague Scott, commonly called Earl of Dalkeith, who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern’ Hundreds, co. Bucks Claude Scott, esq., of Sun- dridge Park, co. Kent Samuel Scott, of Gower Street, Bedford Square, London Charles Brudenell Bruce, commonly called Lord Bruce James Henry Leigh, esq. Nicholas Vansittart, esq. Henry Alexander, esq. Nicholas Vansittart, esq., of Gréat George aastceet, Westminster, re-elected after appointment as chief SEOruiny wo was ILorral Lieutenant of Ireland William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Viscount Folkestone William Hussey, esq. Wiliam Baldwin, esq. Charles Smith, esq. Richard, Lord Viscount Fitzwilliam John Spencer, esq. Ralph Sheldon; esq, sv7ce John Spencer, esq., appointed ReceiverGeneral of the Land Tax for the county of Oxford Charles Herbert vice Richard, Lord Viscount Fitzwilham who accepted the Steward- ship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks Henry Saint John, a General in the Army, and Colonel of the 36th Regiment of Infantry jaoyee ae oY OOKA Transcribed Charles Abbott, esq. Chanles™ Vioore, —esq;, “ot Lambeth Palace, CO: SUT, VICE Charles Abbott, esq., who elected to serve for New Wood- SrOck, COs Okxorat Thomas Wallace, esq. 47 Henry Penruddock Wynd- ham, esq. Richard Long, esq. ames= George Stopford, commonly called Lord Viscount Stopford James Henry Leigh, esq. Simemvleaing Gibbs! —knet., Avuouney General, Wie? Lord Viscount Stopford, appointed Comptroller of the Household lcsepimiiclalEsesq., ot the iter dkemples KC. “and Solicitor General to PekeHeasthe Prince of Wales Osborne Markham, esq., barrister-at-law Elemin~nomlithy. | €Sq.,. 01Ce Osborne Markham, esq., AppomLedmsone, Of — the Commissioners for execut- ing the office of Barrack Master General John Maitland, esq., of the city of London James Dawkins, esq.!28 Henry George Herbert, com- monly called Lord Por- chester Thomas Goddard, esq., of Swindon, co. Wilts Charles Moore, esq., and Michael Symes, esq., vice Charles Abbott, esq., who elecredmstonsenve for the University of Oxford and Sir William A’Court, bart., who accepted the Steward- ship of the Chiltern Hun- | dreds, co. Bucks Joshua Smith, esq. ‘Thomas Grimston Estcourt, iesG. | VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXIII. ! by Canon F. H. Manley. T ic P GEO. III A A oelley es 249 Robert Williams, jun., esq. R Retem William Baker sesq., ot Kanston; co. Dorset, mee sInleony Senony Joloun, esq who saccepted: | the Stewardship of the Chilternyalluncnedss gaco: Bucks R (1806). Bartholomew Bouverie, esq. G Duncombe PleydellBouverie, esq. G Charles Abbott, esq. a5 site Willian Ieee ASIN ANCoune pba T William Deckford, esq. Ie Benjamin Hobhouse, esq. P Magens Dorrien Magens, esq. H Dhomas @verety, esq: Jel Robert Ladbroke, esq. J Nicholas William Ridley Colborne, esq. J Charles William Montagu Scott, commonly called Earl of Dalkeith Kk Charles Brudenell Bruce, commonly called Lord Bruce Kk James iGeorse | Stoptordl commonly called Lord Viscount Stopford, vice Charles William Montagu Scott, commonly called Earl of Dalkeith, called to the Wpper House as Baron Tynedale ii Thomas Andrew Lord Blayney O Nicholas Vansittart O William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Viscount Folkstone M William Hussey, esq. M William Jacob, esq. S John Woolmore, esq. S Charles Herbert, esq. N Ralph Sheldon, esq. N Robert Williams, esq., the younger, banker, in the city of London R IKOlNew IsGaulele, ESGig, Ou Barrels, co. Warwick Ike Ss 250 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. 48 GEO. III (1807). Henry Penruddock Wynd- ham, esq. Richard Long, esq. James Henry Leigh, esq. Sir John Nicholl, knt. Joseph Jekyll, esq., of the Inner, Temple, K'C. and Solicitor General to H.R.H. the Prince of Wales C Henry Smith, esq. Cc John) Maitland, wesq sof Woodford, co. Essex!?9 D James Dawkins, esq., of Upper Norton co.Oxon Jslemny (Geouxs — Isleroeics, commonly called Lord Wwe eS Porchester Je, Thomas Goddard, esq., of Swindon, co. Wilts E William Elerbert, esq., [CED Ot Rarl«place. Mitcham, co. Surrey, vice Elenny, (George, blegbert, commonly called Lord Porchester, called to the Upper House as Earl of Carnarvon Joshua Smith, esq. Thomas Grimston Estcourt, esq. Bartholomew Bouverie, esq. Sim thomas saehwmmnirern skates Solicitor General Sime lhomasr elimimCigs skeate re-elected after appoint- ment as Attorney General G James Edward Harris, commonly called Viscount FitzHarris Charles Moore, esq. Lord Viscount FitzHarris, re-elected after appoint- ment as Governor of the Isle of Wight William Beckford, esq. Benjamin Hobhouse, esq. Magens Dorrien Magens, esq. Thomas Everett, esq: Joseph Hague Everett, esq., of Sparsholt .House, co. Berks, Vice Thomas EVerebimesqanGec: H On @ a a) filer mod d4 James George Stopford, commonly called Lord Viscount Stopford Edward Stopford of the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards, a ‘Colonel in) the) Army, vice Lord Viscount Stop- ford called to the Upper House as Baron Salter- ford Nicholas Vansittart, esq. Jonas Dupre Porcher esq; of Devonshire Place, co. Midd. James Alexander, esq., of Wimpole Street,- an” the parish of St. Marylebone, co. Midd., vice Nicholas Vansittart,esq.,appointed Chancellor and Under Treasurer ofthe Exchequer William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Viscount Folkstone William Hussey, esq. Edward Lascelles, esq., of Lower Grosvenor Street Glynn, Wynn, esq., of Lin- coln’s Inn Henry, Lascelles; esq suzce Edward Lascelles, esq., who elected to serve for Northallerton, co. York Francis Whittle, esq., vice Glynn Wynn, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks JohnvdeFonthieumesq aot Isis, CO, Soimey, wlag Francis Whittle, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Charles Herbert, esq. Ralph Sheldon, esq. Major General John Murray of the, 79th: Resimentror Foot John Cheesmenit, sesame Spring Gardens, CO: Midd. On” 'ZAZAwW Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. Charles Winn Allanson, Lord Headley, Baron Allanson and Winn of Aghadoe in incland@ and! bart. vice Joseph Hague Everett, Esdeaaynor accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Sir George Bowyer, bart. nip Gelliesa, —- Abel Smith, esq.,-cf Wood- nalitiark co. Elerts, vice Sir George Bowyer bart., who accepted the Steward- ship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks Charles Brudenell Bruce, commonly called lLord Simlcer = 53 Richard Godolphin Long, ESG(. Paul Methuen, esq. James Henry Leigh, esq. Sir John Nicholl, knt. John Jacob Buxton, esq., vice James Henry Leigh, esd awno-accepred the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Buck Joseph Jekyll, esq., of the Inner Temple, Attorney General to, TKer “the Prince of Wales, and K.C. James Abercromby, esq., of Lincoln’s Inn, Barrister at Law James Macdonald, esq., of asta oheen, (CO) SUETeY, vice Joseph Jekyll, esq., who accepted the Steward- Sipe ol, the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Charles Brooke, esq., of the City of London Ce) ag Benjamin Walsh, esq., of Eorder (sic), Clapton, im the parish of Hackney, co. Midd., vice John Chees- ASME SOverda- [Sie], ESCs, who accepted the Steward- ship of the Chiltern Hun- dreds, co. Bucks ROSIE Imes, SSCs) = Oe Barrels, co. Warwick, vice General Sir John Murray banuyaiwiho- accepted suhe Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks John Attersoll, esq., of Port- land Place, co. Midd., vice Bema soNValsit esc. expelled the House GEO. III (1812). WW Henry Lawes Luttrell, Earl ofCarhampton, in Ireland, vice Charles Nicholas Pallmer, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks William Hicks Beach, esq., of Williamstrip Park, co. Glos. Sir Charles Saxton, bart. iPeiere Jacueia, CSG), Wee Sie Charnes sSaxtonmembanus who elected to serve for Enerctiy, orm Cashel Size WWaullbiayon vNlochy, Oeics, vice William Hicks Beach, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of rule Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Charles Brudenell Bruce, commonly called Lord Bruce Edward Stopford, a Major General in the Army 251 252 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wulishire. Robert Peel, esq., of Drayton Manonsco. Stats Johny Mantlandy esq. aor Woodford Hall, co. Essex, vice Robert Peel esq, wio accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Joseph] Pitt esqu ot Zast- COULE, COm Walts Thomash Calleyacesqe aot Burdcross, co. Wilts Joshua Smith, esq., of Stoke Paik Comm Vallies Thomas Grimston Estcourt, esq: of New, earl ico: Wilts Sir Thomas Plumer, knt., of Cannons, COs Midd., Attorney General Charlesm blennys sSounwerne, esq.,of Betchworth House, COn SUTECY, Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell, banks OF PAldwickwcor Sussex, vice Sir Thomas Plumer, knt., appointed D we eo & Vice-Chancellor of England G Edward Golding, esq., of Maiden Erlegh, co. Berks, vICe Charles Henry Bouverie, esq., who accep- ted the Stewardship of the Chiltern =) Ehanenedsy cor Bucks Samuel Hood, esq., of Wim- pole Street, imgthe parish Gi St, Weimyleoone, CO. = Midd. Charles Duncombe, esq., of Duncombe Pancke co. York William Beckford, esq, Benjamin Hobhouse, esq. Magens Dorien Magens, esq. JOsgon Iseeue livers, esq. Sandiord Graham, esq., of Portland Place, co. Midd., vice Magens Dorien Magens,esq,, whoaccepted the Stewardship of the Manor of East Hendred, co. Berks ae) fan) = el nolt William Hill, esq., vice Lord Bruce called to the Upper House as Earl of Ayles- bury jjosias DulPre Rorchemesa, of Winslade House, co. Devon James” Alexamdensiesq ot Wimpole Street. aime sune parish of St. Marylebone, co. Midd. William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Viscount Folkstone William Hussey, esq. George | Pureioy, emvoise, esq., vice William Hussey, esq., deceased Benjamin Hall, esq. Benjamin Shaw, esq. Ineiholm Jareyaeo, ESC, WieEe Benjamin Hall, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Charles Herbert, esq. Ralph Sheldon, esq. James Lord Viscount Fitz- harris, VICE Charles Flerbentnesq, deceased Johny VAttersolly sesqu on Portland Place, co. Midd. James Kibblewhite, esq. of Grays Inn=elaiceyaacor Midd. Richard Ellison, esq., of Sudbrooke Holme, co. Linc., vice James Kibble- white, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Robert Rickards, esq., of Sloane Street, co. Midd., vice john Attersolpresce whoaccepted the Steward- ship of the Chiltern Hun- dreds, co. Bucks William Taylor Money, esq., of Walthamstow, co. Essex, VICE Robert Rickards, esq., who ac- cepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks K ZZ) Tvanscribed Joseph Birch, esq., of St. James’s Place, co: Midd., vice Joseph Hague Pekin esd who ac. cepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks 09 .Gl Ow ITt Paul Methuen, esq. William Pole Tylney Long Wellesley, esq. sjolmmeBbenett, esq. vice Paul Methuen, esg., who ac- cepted the Stewardship of nniew Chiltern) ilundreds, co. Bucks Sir John Nicholl, knt. John Jacob Buxton, esq. James Abercromby, esq., of Lincoln’s Inn, barrister at law James Macdonald, esq., of BASE Slagsa; CO, SwvrKteyy NVaillitampeeviales esq.) “of Abbotsleigh, co. Somerset George Spencer Churchill, commionivys called = the Marquis of Blandford of Blenheim Park, co. Oxon ilicseph Eitt,-esq., of East- court House, co. Wilts RODS CORO, EXCae Ol Kemble, co. Wilts Thomas Grimston Estcourt, esque Ol New. Park, co: Wilts John Pearse, esq., of Chilton Lodge, co. Berks William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Viscount Folkestone Sue Waillhiavan Syeonne, eaten: Judge of the High Court of Admiralty of England Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell, Danube wrce Sim NVallliama Scott, who elected to serve by Canon F. H. Manley. A Whe D for the University of Oxford G Bartholomew Bouverie,esq., vice Lord Viscount Folkestone, who elected to serve for Salisbury George James Welbore Agar Ia Whig, GSGlo: G lal Charles Nicholas Pallmer, eSap Ole NoKottonm rouse, Con Suitey,, vice Sandiord Graham, esqg., who ac- cepted the Stewardship of the Chilton Hundreds, co. Bucks (1818). William Henry John Scott, esq., re-elected after appointment as Clerk of the Patents and Registrar of Affidavits in the Court of Chancery Frederick Gough Calthorpe, ESap Wilham Beckford, esq. Sandford Graham, esq. Henry Lawes Lutterell, Earl of Carhampton Chanlesmrtorbessesqe, Ol Fitzroy Square, co. Midd. Kirkman Finlay, esq., of Glasgow, N.B. John Wodehouse, esq. James Thomas Brudenell, commonly called Lord Brudenell James Alexander, esq., of Somerhill, co. Kent Arthur Johnstone Crawford, esq., Of Crawford Burn, co. Down, Ireland William Pleydell Bouv -z1e, commonly called Viscount Folkestone Wadham Wyndham, esq. Ralph Franco, esq. Francis Nathaniel Conyng- ham, commonly called Lord Francis Nathaniel Conyngham William Leader Maberly, esq., vice Ralph Franco, ESC, WO ACCEOGSG wae Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks James Lord Viscount Fitz- harris Ralph Sheldon, esq. Richard Ellison, esq., of Sudbrooke Holme, co. Lincoln 253 PCs) Gaye OE GO ole) O OSS Op) ZZ 254 Representatives in Parliament from 1295—1832 for Wiltshire. William Henry John Scott, esq. William Taylor Money, esq., of Streatham Park, co: Surrey 1 GEO. IV (1820). John Benet esqry worm House, co. Wilts John Dugdale Astley, esq., Oty -Everley, = louse, cor Wilts Sir John Nicholl, knt. John Jacob Buxton, esq. Site ohn Nicholle kita wne- elected after accepting the Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Bucks James” Abercromby, esq; barnmstem auslawa son olin: coln’s Inn James Macdonald, esq., of East Sheen; co. Surrey William Alexander Madocks, ENG, Or Jiaxuan, COs Brecon John GRock ‘Grosetty esa, Gir ILeveoclk INOS, CO: Wilts Joseph Ritt =esq. one ast Court, co. Wilts In@laxary Gorcom, SG, - Oi Kemble, co. Wilts Thomas Grimston Estcourt, esq., of New Park, co. Wilts John ~Rearseesqe or Chilton Lodge, co. Berks George Watson Taylor, esq.., Of Prlestoke ieark a Co: Wilts, VICE Thomas Grimston Bucknall Est- court, esq., who accepted the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds, co. Bucks Bartholomew Bouverie, esq. Sir Thomas Brooke Pechell, loeucite. Edward Henry Captain R.N. Charles Ashe A’Court, esq. Henry Handley, esq., vice Charles Ashe A’Court, Esqs, | WO maccepreduuiulie Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Bucks A’Court, A Wie 5@Q = ef bf © a G5 Dea). William Leake, esq., of Devonshire Street, Port- land Place, co. Midd., vice Korkman’) Finlaye. esas who accepted the Steward- ship. of athe a C@iniliceria Hundreds, co. Bucks James Thomas Brudenell, commonly called Lord Brudenell John Wodehouse, esq. James Thomas Brudenell, commonly called Lord Brudenell, re-elected after accepting a commission in WINS Ascraayy James Alexander, esq., of Somerhill, co. Kent Arthur Johnstone Crawford, esq., of Crawfords Burn, co. Down, Ireland Josias Dupre Alexander, esq., of Freemantle Park, co: Southampton, sev7ee Arthur Johnstone Craw- ford, who accepted the Stewardship of the Chil- tern Hundreds, co. Bucks William Pleydell Bouverie, commonly called Lord Viscount Folkestone Wadham Wyndham, esq. Jonathan Elford, the younger, esq. Nathaniel Barton, esq. Sir Manassah Masseh Lopes, bart., of Maristow House, co. Down, and Philp John Miles, esq., of Leigh Court, in the par. of Abbotsleigh, CO, Somerset, vice Nathaniel Barton, esq., who accepted the Steward- Ships Oly ther. = Clailicergm Hundreds, co. Bucks, and Jonathan< No Return found except a Writ and Return for Cornwall. 6 Names illegible. ? Called Malmesbury by mistake in the Return. 8 Names supplied from the Enrolment of the Warts de Pxpensicgs (Close Roll, 9 Edw. II, m. 16d.) in the absence of original Returns. 9 Ditto (Close Roll, 9 Edw. II, mm, 3d. & 6d.). 10 Supplied from the Enrolment of the Writs de Expensis (Close Roll, 12 Edw. II, m. 20d.) in the absence of the original Returns. 11 Returns nearly illegible. 1 2SNaimentonm our 13 Date of election, 2 Nov., 1322. Transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley. 259 14 The remainder of the schedule wanting. 15 Revoked by Writ. There is, however, a Writ with Returns for the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk [only]. 16 Supplied from the Enrolment of the Writs de Expensis (Close Roll, 5 Edw. III, p. 2, m. 6d.) in the absence of original Returns. eDitronClose Rolls dw. LET, mi. Sd.): Te Dito) (Close Roll, 10 Edw. III, m. 35d_.). 19 Mayors and Bailiffs of certain towns are directed to send three or four men. [No Wilts towns mentioned. ] 20 No Returns found. Certain counties supplied from Enrolment of Nyirits idle = =: 2 SSS SS == = a Aaa f= -: Jess th — aa Nae, e ears x Bo ee Cee a eo Se BE ares : 2 Efstioe | (SS) SS SS Sy: Te aL er] Ce ee ee plo 2 Sm Wl - ms SSE , ae Su Ve ‘ki - es MOM CLAM AHRATH AO TORU TIR ET) EEE? MA AIT OPT IOACL OTANI (HMM L, LUGE trite GAG N 7 v os, ree MACTUMIUGW Ib 8g, O Deeg Ses) Voray, WNT Woripe. hap C8 tt by Garden Front. Hannington Hall. | i 1 H } 1 l i Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 309 Vicar, James Crouch, exchanged it for a house occupied by Thomas Butcher. This house was enlarged or rebuilt in 1658, and was pulled down in 1723 when the present Vicarage was built on the same site by the then Vicar, Richard Burton, the interior being reconstructed in 1856 by J. B. Smeaton, Vicar at the time. Yorke House in the village was the home of the Yorke family who in the 16th and 17th centuries were copyhold tenants of the Manor. The site of the Cross shown on a 17th century map and of the stocks was in front of the present Post Office. At Hannington Wick a Chapel of Ease was built by Thomas Freke in 1714. This was pulled down in 1874. The Manor Farm at Hannington Wick is a gabled house of cir. 1640 (with a later porch) built by Thomas Savery, a member of a family connected with Hannington since the 14th century. Mr. Ponting’s description of the Parish Church is given, and it is. mentioned that William Freke offered to rebuild it in the centre of the parish, if the parishioners would pay for the haulage of the materials. Happily the parishioners did not accept this offer. The story of the disputes between Hannington and Kempsford as to the repair of the wooden bridge over the Thames in the 15th and 16th centuries is told atsome length. The present stone bridge was only built in 1841. Of Place mames Chesselpeece is_a field name from the gravel that underlies it. Sterts Farm appears in 1549 as Le Stert. Until the Rermounauien,. ie Sepulchre half acre’ provided 2d: yearly for the light before the Easter sepulchre from Maundy Thursday to Easter, and the name still attached to the land in the Enclosure Agreement of 1632. ‘‘A noate of the Churchyard mounds’ shows that the wall or boundary of the Churchyard was kept in repair by the Lord of the | Manor and the freeholders and tenants, the length for which each was responsible varying according to the extent of his land. The Vicar had into) maintain 34 feet adjoining the stile, whilst the stile and gate in ‘Pisworth’ was repaired by the parish. In the Churchwardens’ Accounts 1635—1820 an entry occurs between 1641 and 1647 ‘‘ Fore Church brasse bought of the parishe at £3.’’ This is taken to refer to monumental brasses sold, but if so, and if the price was as it was in other cases, 4d. or 3d. a pound, there must have been a very unusual }noumber of brasses at Hannington. There are several entries of | payments for keeping dogs out of Church, the last being in 1783 when | John Ballo was paid 6s. for “ Whiping the dogs.’ _two examples of penance ‘‘ Pd. when Jobson tooke penance and for ye J In 1709 there are sheet 1—7,” ‘‘ Pd. when Edward don took penance 2—0O.”’ The Court | Rolls before 1628 have disappeared, but they existed in 1651 when _Raufe Freke made a number of extracts from them of the 14th and 15th | centuries, which are here printed. In a grant of Free Warren to the |Dean and Canons of St. Mary’s, Leicester, in 1356 the list of game | includes ‘‘ Roe, Hare, Rabbit, Partridge, Pheasant, Woodcock, Quail, iixail, Mallard and Heron.’ . Phe Court Rolls from 1628 to 1864 are | still preserved at the Hall. The history of the descent of the advowson, the great tithes of the 310 Wiltshive Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. Rectory, and the Vicarage, is given at considerable length, with a list of the Vicars and and patrons, with as full biographical detalls as is possible, and there is an appendix of translations of important deeds in full. Throughout the book, which is eminently readable, obsolete words and customs are sufficiently explained and there is an excellent index at the end. Altogether it is a real addition to the best books on Wiltshire. Trial excavations in the east suburb of Old Sarum. By John F.S. Stone and John Charlton. 4ntig. Jowrn., vol. xv, pp. 174—192, April, 1935. Two Folding plans. Leland, in 1540, says that there were two gates to Old Sarum, east and west, with a “‘ faire suburbe ’’ outside each of them. ‘In the est suburbe was a paroch Churche of S. John, and ther yet is a chapelle standing.”’ During the construction in 1931 of the new main road west of the farm and Old Castle Inn nothing was found, except a few fragments of pottery, but in making a new accommodation road east of the new main road, twenty skeletons were found in two parallel lines. In 1932 four more skeletons were found on the other side of the wall by the tenant of the farm, Mr. O.H. Barnes, whilst digging a cesspit in the extreme north corner of his paddock. Mr. Barnes reported that some of these skeletons had iron nails through their hands or feet. This, however, seems to be explained by the fact that these graves were dug through the debris of previous buildings containing many roofing slates, some of them with the nails still in them, and that these were mixed up with the contents of the graves. The present tenant recalls that during the last century numbers of skulls were found whilst ploughing the fields on the other side of the old main road, and The Salisbury Journal, April 7th, 1834, and July 16th, 1881, record the finding of several skeletons at this spot. During the excavations four square Norman cesspits were found and dug out, on the bottom of one of which was found a silver penny of Will. the Conqueror. The foundations of one of the buildings excavated, though extremely fragmentary, went to show that it was surrounded by graves, but had no graves within it, and as carved fragments of stone and marble of 13th century work were found, it is suggested that this may have been the site of the Chapel of St. John, mentioned by Leland, which is known to have been destroyed in 1548. Fragments of Portland and Chilmark stone, Hurdcote green sand, Purbeck marble, Kimmeridge shale and Cornish slate tiles, and glazed Cockscomb Ridge tiles were found. The skeletons, 49 in number, appeared, with one exception, to have been buried without a coffin, simply shrouded in cerecloth tied in a bunch above the head. A black substance at the head seemed to be the remains of this cloth. All the skeletons lay on their backs, and were roughly orientated. Nothing was buried with them. The skulls and long bones have been sent to the College of Surgeons. The pottery fragments from the Norman cesspits are carefully described and figured, they were mostly cooking pots, but fragments of a boot-shaped crucible were found. 311 FO DIMIONS MOF MOSE UM AND LIBKAKY. Museum. Presented by Mr. A. D. PassMorE: Plaster cast of Bronze Palstave oe) leresemgel lon dd, found at Ashton Keynes. Placed in the Museum on loan by THE CORPORATION : Bronze Standard Yard Measure inscribed ‘“ Borough of Devizes. Imperial Yard.” Wate 1847. Found amongst old metal in a builder’s yard. Mr. A. SHAw MELLOR: Small Earthenware Pot found in quarry at Box. Library. iin NO MIOR WD Ran| He Sm oTONE a. nial xcavations Inmehne waste Sulburbsor Old Sarum Keprnt from Antig. Journ., April 1935. Mr. F. STEVENS (Salisbury Museum) : Papers and Deeds. Mr. F. PoRTER FAUSSETT: A parcel of Election Broad- sheets. THE AUTHOR, Mr. A. D. PAssMorRE: ‘‘ A Beehive Cham- ber at Ablington, Gloucestershire,” Reprint from Transactions of Bristol and Gloucestershive Arch. Soc., 1934. Highworth Official Guide. ; Photos of Saxon Spear, &c., from Woodbridge Inn, N. Newnton, and Roman Bronze Weight (?) from Wanborough. Old Deeds and Papers. isis, AUTOR, CANON J/o WMI Jo- IPitiaCieig 2 Sopa Royal Visits to the City and Cathedral Church of Salisbury. 1935.” THE AUTHOR, THE REv. A. G. BARLEY: ‘‘ Old Froxfield, Ene Village, ine Ciawiccln, ae Colles, eis, Cie, SO: Mr. E. C. Gardner : Photograph and old papers. Wiss AGINEIOR § WSS OW, ©. (, COnLUMs © Ine Ides Iron Age Megalithic Monument (Sir Roberts Mond’s excavation). Its Quadruple Sculptured Breasts and their relation to the Mother-Goddess Cult ’’ 1935. 4to. Mr. W. NELSON Hayden: Photographs. Mr. H. W. DartNeLtLt: “The Naturalists’ Diary, by C. Roberts, 1900. (Marlborough and Giessen.)”’ ‘““Sermons at Marlborough College,” 1866, 1867, 1897. ‘“Marlborough College Prolusiones,’’ 1879, 1883. “Antiquities of Marlborough College,’’ 1859, 2nd Edition. 312 Presented >” Additions to Museum and Library. by THE British REcorD Society: Six Wiltshire Deeds. a”) >” >”, THE AuTHoR, Mrs. EtHEL M. RICHARDSON, (formerly of. Purton) ;9~ he Story of All Saimts) Emmismore Gardens (Ixnigtsbridge), 1935.’’ Cr. 8vo. Mrs. CUNNINGTON: ‘‘Gentleman’s Magazine Library. Topography, Wiltshire, &c.’’ Large 8vo. Dap Awiror, Vir CraupE, Bb, ERy. ~ klanminevons: The Records of a Wiltshire Parish.’ 1935. Small 4to. Lr.-Cot. R. H. CunNinGToN: Military Engineering in the Early Iron Age (Article reprinted from British Archeological Journal, June, 1935). Mr. A. Cossons: Four Acts of Parliament relating to Wiltshire Turnpikes. Mr W.G. Jones: MS. notes on the INisbeumamulyaror Southbroom, and the Crests on the Lodge at South- broom House. With illustrations by Miss P. Alcock. THE MARQUIS OF LANSDOWNE: Calne Union Parochial Lists, Statistics of Pauperism, Abstracts of Accounts, &c., 1882—86. Bound 4to. Wilts County Council Minutes, Feb., 1896—Mar., 1899. Bound 4to. Richard Faulkner Curry, H.M. Inspector of Schools. By one who worked with him. 1907, 8vo. Schools Inquiry Commission, Vol. XIV, South- Western Division. Special Reports (Wiltshire, &c.), 1868. Large 8vo. A Guide to Farleigh Hungerford.” By Canon |) 2 Jackson. 2nd Edition, Taunton, 1860. 4to. Bradford and District. (Pamphlets bound up). Calne. By ‘Canon | 22 jlackcons> aveprntermonn W.A.M. Bound folio. Wilts County Boundaries 1930—34. Bound 8vo. Chippenham Causeway Papers, &c. Bound 4to. CaNon E. H. GoDDARD: Crockford’s Clerical Directory, 1925. “ Antiquity ” for 1925. AN ANONYMOUS Donor: A parcel of Old Wiltshire Deeds and Papers. Printed and Puplished by c. a. wooaward, Hxchange Buildings, Station Koad, Devizes. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the Magazine in separate wrapper 3s. 6d. This still remains one of the best and most reliable accounts of Stonehenge and its Earthworks. WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN AUBREY, F.R.S., A.D. 1659—1670. Corrected and enlarged by the ' Rev. Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A., 4to., Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 B plates. Price /1 7s. 6d. ‘ WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM, CHARLES I, ) 8vo., pp. vii. + 510. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. _ Price 13s. =. DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN. III, ED. 1, and ED. II. - 8vo., pp. xv. 505. In parts as issued. Price 13s. DITTO. THE REIGN OF ED. III. 8vo., pp. 402. In six parts as issued. Price 13s. | A BIBLIOGRAPHY oF THE GREAT STONE MONUMENTS oF WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE, ano AVEBURY, with other references, by W. Jerome Harrison, F.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No. 89, Dec., 1901, of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &c., by 732 authors. THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. An important work in 2 vols., 8vo. pp. 927, containing a great number of deeds connected with property in many Wiltshire Parishes of the 14th and 15th centuries. Only 150 copies were printed, of which a few are left. Price £1 2s. THE CHURCH BELLS OF WILTSHIRE, THEIR INSCRIPTIONS PND HistORY, BY H. B. WALTERS, F.S.A. Published im TH Parts. Price 16s. (N.B.—Separate Parts can no longer be sold.) A CALENDAR OF THE FEET OF FINES FOR WILTSHIRE, Poa NO 1272, BY E. AW BRY. 8vo., pp. 103. Price 6s. WILTSHIRE TOKENS. The Society has a considerable number of 17th and 18th century Wiltshire Tokens to dispose of, either by sale or exchange for others hot in the Society’s collection. m~apply to Carr. B. H: Cunnineron, F.S.A., Scot., Curator, Museum, Devizes. BOOK BINDING. _ Books carefully Bound to pattern. Wilts Archeological Magazine bound to match previous volumes, Or in Special Green Cases. We have several back numbers to make up sets. C. H. WOODWARD, Printer and Publisher, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. NOTICE TO MEMBERS. TAKE NOTICE that a copious Index for the preceding eight volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols. viii., XVi., XXiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are each fully indexed separately. The annual subscription is 15s. 6d., the entrance fee for new Members is 10s. 6d. Life Membership £15 Ls. Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society jor the current year, are requested to remit the same forthwith to the Financial Secretary, Mr. R. D. Owen, Bank Chambers, Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply of Magazines should be addressed. The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis, as issued, to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subscriptions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “ The Financial Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear, and the Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose Subscrip- tions shall remain unpaid after such notice.” All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secretary : Canon E. H. Gopparp, F.S.A., Red Gables, Nursteed Road, Devizes. THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS. To be obtained of Mr. R. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes. THE BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A. One Volume, Atlas 4to., 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 1s. A few copies only. THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo., 504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston, M.A. Price to the Public 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price. CATALOGUE oF THE STOURHEAD COLLECTION oF AN- TIQUITIES in THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price ls. 6d. CATALOGUE OF ANTIQUITIES IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM. Part II. 2nd Edition, 1935. Illustrated, 2s. 6d. By post 3s. CATALOGUE oF tHE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at THE MUSEUM Price ls. APPENDIX No. I, Il, and III, 3d. each. CATALOGUE oF DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp MAPS, IN THE SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at THE MUSEUM. Price Is. 6d. CATALOGUE oF WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS IN THE SOCIETY’S COLLECTION. Price 6d. BACK NUMBERS oF THE MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 8s., 5s. 6d., and 3s. 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised). Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices. WILTSHIRE Archeological & Natural History MAGAAINK. No, CLE JUNE, 1936. ore LV iil. Contents. THE EIGHTY-SECOND GENERAL MEETING OF THE WILTSHIRE ARCHZOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY HELD AT HUNGERFORD, JULY 3lsT, AUGUST IST AND ANGI) ars Ocoee cee oars eleiang 8. eds cds eiaveta cata ealtara MO cls lola Hees witeR ie sisiwie ace sia'0 ob ELBRIDGE UGA etre ae INR ny ATs Acre ne Wren ane een ee A GRANT BY THE ABBESS OF WILTON DATED 7 May, 28 HENRY VIII, 1536: By The Rev. A. W. Stote-Blandy A MEDIzZVAL DISPUTE AS TO RIGHT OF PRESENTATION TO THE RECTORY OF SOMERFORD MaGna: By, Canon sree tells WAT CS Acai sicin cst onc Scenes citicie ts sisioreeieis 56/6 olen tases Salas ss ADDITIONAL NOTES WITH REGARD TO LARMER, WERMERE, ASHMORE, AND TOLLARD RoyaL Ponps: By the late HRCEN TOI Wie Gr OO CL@ Inall Gl orcas soe certo cians vice ciate sei sieials satisnsisio some A RATE MADE THIS 19TH Day oF AUGUST ANNO Dom. 1695, FOR & TOWARDS THE REPAIR OF THE P.ISH CHURCH OF CALNE, ETC., BEING Two Poor RATES: Mibirctinis tellin dle loa © ine ald Verein eacctns sce. one ucnenec acta ss Box PARISH RECORDS—SIDELIGHTS ON LIFE IN A WILT- SHIRE VILLAGE IN THE Past: By A. Shaw Mellor ... THE INLAID Pavine TILES oF WILTS: By Frank Stevens, Ose SvAy eae Ge ose BOG CHEERS CCE NEARER RRO C Caen Saree NoTES ON THE PREBENDAL MANSION OF SHERBORNE MONASTERY, COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE KING’S HOUSE, IN THE CLOSE OF SARUM. 1!1220—1850: By C. R. Hea tatentalletes St Crete eee stro areal eaten c cisickc a sieeGidln Sule Srecielios cbmsaiers AN UNRECORDED GROUP OF BARROWS AND OTHER EARTH- WORKS) An THORD. LAVERSTOCK: By) }. EF. S. Stone, HIB Y par MNe nL en ee eazais en eee ain ere oie erclat aleve ouals Gia gale wavosinogiers eo eeec eed Two EGyvpeTiAN LIMESTONE SCARABS FOUND IN WILTSHIRE : By te laws G, ial, IZM@SNSICARE coocsasoooacso0nesa0as000000% Two EGypTiAN LIMESTONE SCARABS FOUND IN WILTSHIRE: By IP, Ik, (COLILIGINON, IPlagID> coosossoccooqvba0caensgoooddonecd WALL PAINTINGS FORMERLY IN HIGHWORTH CHURCH : By IMGes. IML, JS, Cuomo, JalOiml, INS /8, SCO ndcccoson=sneeee PAGE. 313—320 321—326 327—329 330—334 330—339 340—344 345 —357 358—378 379—405 406—-411 412—415 416—419 420—421 il WEES, (GBT WAR ee vce see esos EI ec 422—430 WILTSHIRE Books, PAMPHEEIS. AND, ARiICEDS ss. eee 431—440 ADDITIONS TO MUSEUING AND IEDBRARY. ee. eee 441—442 ACCOUNTS OF THE SOGIETY -FOR THE, YEAR, 1935 .....2,....- 443—446 ILLUSTRATIONS. dhile Stamp in Winchester Minsewmal senses eee eee eee 359 Inlaid’ Pavane Milestot Wilts; mie. 2iereeeanes sense en eee eee eee 362 o vi Mi _ Pigs: 3)and 4." a -h.c oc. ie oecece 363 i a a a iG 5. asked. toes tees cee ie eee 366 an Plates (eae a seca 368—374 King’s House, 15th century ; King’s House, 20th century ; East View of the King’s House before the alterations ; South-west View of the King’s House before the alter- ations ; East View of the King’s House since the alter- ations ; King’s House, Diocesan Training College, The Close, Salisbury, Bast Brom Agr 9SGr case ee seeeeeeee 384—385 Ford, Laverstock—-Plate I, General Plan of Earthworks ; Plate II, Aerial Photograph of Ende Burgh (Hand Barrows) and surrounding Earthworks ; Plate IIT, Vessel POMP CISE Hy 0. Wiis cee ba states selena qalase nis oases aeRO oe 408—409 Limestone Egyptian Scarab found at Ludgershall ............ 414 Limestone Egyptian Scarab found near Stonehenge............ 415 Mural Painting formerly in Highworth Church; Mural Painting of an Angel formerly in Highworth Church ; Mural Inscription formerly in Highworth Church......... 420—421 DEvIzEs :—C. H. WoopDWARD, EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, STATION ROAD. Wiehe, WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE. ‘“MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’’—Ovid. IN@ re CESINV:. JUNE, 1936. Vers eval? THE EIGHTY-SECOND GENERAL MEETING OF THE WILTSHIRE ARCHZ OLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY HELD AT HUNGERFORD Jury 8lst, Aucusr Ist, anp 2nd, 1935.! IUD SIDA I, ONENESS, Only once before, in 1867, the Society had met at Hungerford. This year the Annual General Meeting was held in the Town Hall which had been kindly placed at the disposal of the Society by the Town Trustees. About 40 members were present at the meeting. The President of the Secicuy Mie. stevens, OBE) bf S.A]; was im the chair, Lhe Hon: secretary read the ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1934—35. ““ Membership.—On July 12th, 1935, the number of members was: Two honorary members, 16 life members, and 396 annual subscribers, 415 in all; seven less than in 1934, and 27 less than in 1931. There were six deaths and twelve resignations during the year. Although in other respects the condition of the Society is satisfactory, the actual number of members, upon which the life and work of the Society really, in the long run, depend, has now been slowly decreasing for several years. It is greatly to be desired that all present members will do their best to bring in new members in the coming year. Finance.—Vhe General Fund: this fund had a balance on January Ist, 1934, of £493 16s., and ended the year with one of £545 17s., a gain on the year of £52 Is. The two numbers of the Magazine cost £237 4s., and a grant of £50 was made to the Museum Enlargement Fund. The sale of Magazines and books, including a considerable number of copies of the Society’s publications, which have been many years in stock, 1 The fullest account of the meeting is to be found in the Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. Ist, 8th, and 15th, 1935. VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXIV. W 314 The Eighty-second General Meeting. brought in £44 7s. 8d., and the balances of the annual meeting and the single day’s excursion came to £35 12s. 8d. The Museum Maintenance Fund, beginning the year with a deficit of £32 16s. 7d., ended with a balance of £41 17s.1d. This satisfactory result was due to the fact that the special appeal issued during the year brought in £111 13s. 9d., as well as the promise of a good many more regular subscriptions to this fund. The efficiency of the Museum and Library really depends chiefly on these annual subscriptions. Special appeals can only be made occasionally, but the ordinary expenses of the Museum must be met regularly year by year if it is to be kept up to the standard it has now reached. The annual subscriptions for the year amounted to £30 9s. 6d. and admissions to the Museum and don- ations in the box produced £10 9s. 9d. The Museum Purchases Fund began the year with a balance ot £129 12s. lid. and ended it with one of $693" 0s) died newciniex expenses during the year were the purchase of the Dictionary of National Biography and the cost of binding and repairing MSS. The Museum Enlargement Fund increased from £444 9s. 2d. to £534 Os. 6d. The year’s rent of the caretaker’s rooms was, as usual, added to the fund, together with a grant of £50 from the General Fund, and one donation of £10. The Life Membership Fund, from which one-tenth is annually carried to the General Fund, decreased from {82 7s. to £75 19s. 7d. The Register of Bishop Simon of Ghent Fund, which had a balance of £6 17s. 6d. at the beginning of the year, distributed the concluding Part VIII of the Register to the special subscribers, and the remaining balance of £5 2s. 9d. was transferred to the General Fund. The Wansdyke Excavation Fund was also closed and the balance of #4 8s. 9d. was handed over to the Museum Enlargement Fund. The Bradford-on-Avon Barn Account. At the beginning of the year the balance on this fund stood at £53 5s. 4d., and the admissions to the Barn and the sale of pamphlets brought in £16 6s. 9d., but in addition to the annually recurring small expenses, extensive repairs costing £61 2s. 8d. had-to be met by a loan of £18 from the General Fund, which will be repaid as funds come in. On the whole, the financial position of the Society may be said to be satisfactory at present. The Museum.—The most notable gifts during the year have been those of the Sheriff’s coach, the old plough, and the old Wiltshire waggon, which are especially mentioned under the ‘“‘ Bradford Barn ” below. With the coach, Mr. F. Porter Faussett gave a fine set of Sheriff's javelins, which have been placed on loan at the Devizes Assize Courts. The second edition of Part II of the ‘Catalogue of Antiquities’’ by Mrs. Cunnington, has recently been published. It is fully illustrated © and compares favourably with the catalogue of any other provincial museum in England. The provision of new locks to all the cases, rendered necessary by the theft of a number of the bronze implements, * The Eighty-second General Meeting. 315 was an expensive work, which the success of the special appeal enabled the committee to carry out. The Library.—During the past year a considerable number of Books of General Reference on many subjects, beginning with the Dictionary of National Biography, have been addded to the Library, some by purchase, but many others by gift. In this way a side of the Library which was somewhat weak before has been much strengthened to the advantage of those who use it for consultation. To contain these Books of Reference, a new double standing bookcase has been provided from the Museum Maintenance Fund. The use of the Library as a whole has been very greatly simplified by the fact that by the generosity of Mrs. Cunnington the whole of the cases have been fitted with new locks which can all now be opened by a single key. The whole of the books also have been labelled by the Hon. Librarian, so that there should be no danger in future of books being replaced, after use, on the wrong shelves, and so practically lost to subsequent readers. The Society 1s indebted also to Mr. G. Kidston and Captain Cunnington for the considerable cost of the repair and rebinding of three volumes of MS. Manorial Records, and to the former also for his gift of photographs of all that portion of the Lewes Cartulary which relates to Wiltshire. To Mr. B. H. Hankey we owe a valuable gift of eleven old maps of Wiltshire, all new to the Society’s already large collection ; to Mr. H. Rivers Pollock for 24 excellent photographs of characteristic inhabitants of Erchfont at the present time, a series which might well be added to by similar series from other Wiltshire parishes; to Dr. G. S. A. Waylen, for the original pen drawing of a ‘‘Punch” cartoon of George Wyndham by L. H. Ravenhill; to the British Record Society for a number of old Wiltshire deeds ; to the Salsbury Museum and Mr. F. Stevens for various papers and items of interest; and to Major Allen and Mr. Passmore for an album of admirable air photographs of earth circles near Highworth. The Magazine.—The half-yearly numbers 160 and 161 were issued punctually in June and December, 1934. The latter contained the full index to Vol. xlvi. The Editor has again to thank authors of papers who have kindly borne the cost of the blocks illustrating them; a great nelpyto: the Society: The Bradford Barn.—As has been mentioned under the heading of Finance, considerable repairs had to be undertaken during the past year. The accumulation of earth against the south and east walls had caused serious dampness and consequent disintegration of the masonry, and under the advice of the late Sir Harold Brakspear, who most kindly gave his professional help without charge to the Society, the earth on these sides has been cleared away and the walls attended to. The suggestion made some time ago that the Barn should be utilised for the preservation of old Wiltshire farming and other trade apparatus and implements now rendered obsolete by the introduction of machinery, has been brought to the front, by the presentation to the Society of a High Sheriff's coach by Mr. F. Porter Faussett, an old Wiltshire waggon by Capt. Broome, and an old plough by Mr. Barclay Uncles, which Wee 316 The Eighty-second General Meeting. have been placed in the Barn. It is most desirable that members of the Society and others who may know of the existence of any such articles, now in danger of loss or destruction, should endeavour to secure them for the Barn collection, and to that end should communicate with Mr. H. Rivers Pollock, of Erchfont Manor, Devizes, who has undertaken to act as the Society’s representative in the matter of the collection of obsolete implements and apparatus and the general supervision of the Barn, whilst Mr. R. T. Christopher, of Bradford, kindly looks after matters on the spot. In this connection a suggestion has been made that the electric light should be installed in the Barn, but the Committee has decided that this at present is not a necessity, and that the Barn funds would not justify the expenditure it would entail. Excavations.—During the year Dr. Tancred Borenius carried out extensive excavations laying bare the foundations and plan of thé Royal Palace of Clarendon. These diggings are being extended at the present time, and it is understood that an account of the work already done will be published shortly. At Avebury, Mr. Alexander Keiller continued his excavations on the line of the Kennet Avenue into the autumn of 1934, setting up again all the buried stones which he discovered, and securing the land covered by his diggings for the future. He is already at work again on this year’s four months’ programme of digging on the Avenue. At Highworth, Mr. A. D. Passmore cut sections through some of the series of earth circles of a new type, the discovery of which is due to Major G. W. G. Allen and himself, and has described the results in the Magazine. At Old Sarum, Dr. |: FF: S) Stone and Mr sjohn Charltonguncovercd and noted a number of interments of early medieval date just outside the gate of the old city, and Dr. Stone published his account of them in the Antiquary’s Journal. During the process of road widening at Manningford, two or three Saxon interments were uncovered, and the objects found with the skeletons have been given to the Museum by the County Council authorities. At Totney Hill, Kingsdown, Box, Mr. A. Shaw Mellor has excavated a curious mound containing fragments of human skeletons, which he is describing in the December Magazine. The Anuual Meeting of 1934,—held at Salisbury under the presidency of the late Sir Harold Brakspear, was largely attended (112 tickets were taken), was enjoyed by all who were present, and a substantial balance was earned for the general fund. On the other hand, the single day’s excursion at Oldbury Camp, arranged in June, 1935, was spoiled by torrential rain, only a handful of hardy members reaching the meeting point. This was the first occasion since the institution of these excursions that the programme has not been fully carried out. The Preservation of Avebury.—_In the Times of May 31st, 1935, appeared a very important article by the Rt. Hon. W. Ormsby Gore, M.P., First Commissioner of Works, entitled ‘“‘ Avebury, Relics of Three The Eighty-second General Meeting. 317 Cultures, a Great Prehistoric Site,” dwelling on the national importance to archeology of the site and its surroundings considered as a whole, including Avebury itself, the Kennet Avenue, the Sanctuary, the Beckhampton Stones, Silbury and Windmill Hills, and urging that nothing less than a scheme under the Town and Country Planning Act is (in the words of the leading article commenting on the proposal) “essential for the preservation of this unique site from desecration, and Sullimore trom, the sort of ‘development ~ that makes research prohibitively expensive.’’ Our own Society will most earnestly agree with the words with which Mr. Ormsby Gore concludes his article : “Of all such schemes (of preservation of archeological remains, etc.), the Avebury scheme, in my opinion, has priority from an archeological standpoint. The site is unique, not only in Britain but in Europe, and it is important that the work of conservation and scientific investigation should proceed without further delay.’’ What has already been done for Stonehenge can surely be accomplished for Avebury also. The President for 1936.—The Committee recommend that Mr. F. Stevens be re-elected President for the year 1936, and he has expressed his willingness to serve if re-elected. The Committee also recommend the appointment as members of the Committee of Mr. Alexander Keiller, F.S.A., of Avebury, and Mr. C. P. Isaac, of Devizes, in the place of the late Sir Harold Brakspear, K.C.V.O., and Mr. J. J. Slade, who has resigned on leaving the county. The Report having been adopted, the officers of the Society were reappointed en bloc with the addition to the Committee of Mr. Alexander Keiller, F.S.A., in the place of Sir Harold Brakspear, and of Mr. C. P. Isaac in the place of Mr. J. J. Slade who resigned on leaving the county. On the recommendation of the Committee the meeting requested the President to continue in office for another year, and Mr. Stevens con- sented todoso. The President having spoken of the great loss sustained by Medieval Archeology in general by the death of his predecessor, Sir Harold Brakspear, went on to suggest that the Natural History side of the Society’s activities might be stimulated, if a special Natural History Day could be arranged. As to the question of the County Coat of Arms he said that the matter was at the moment in a state of suspension, but he quite believed that a coat of arms which would meet the wishes of all parties would eventually be decided upon. Mr. S. R. H. Ghey then drew attention to the desirability of the Society taking up the work of transcribing the Parish Registers of the county. Canon Goddard agreed that this work was most desirable but expressed some doubt as to whether workers would be forthcoming to carry out so large and laborious a business. In the somewhat similar work of transcribing Church and Churchyard memorials he had found that many people were quite ready to undertake to do the work, but very few indeed actually did it. The President suggested that the matter should be considered by the Committee. On the conclusion of the business meeting, members proceeded in their 318 The Eighty-second General Meeting. cars and charabancs to Shalbourne Church, where the Vicar gave an interesting address on the history of the Church and parish. From here they went on to Totterdown House and were very kindly entertained at tea in the garden by Mr-and Mrs) J; B K. Marmott] talenes those members whose interests are prehistoric, were gratified by the sight of two pottery vessels quite recently discovered ina sand pit close to the road about a quarter of a mile from the house, one a pertect “Beaker =: of quite abnormal size, and the other a bowl on four feet of a type known on the continent but extremely rare in England. Both appear undoubtedly of Beaker age. Unfortunately they were found a short distance over the Berkshire boundary, and so were beyond the juris- diction of the Wiltshire Society. At 7 o'clock the annual dinner was held at the Three Swans Hotel, which was the headquarters of the meeting. After this members crossed the road to the Town Hall opposite, where they were officially welcomed by the Constable, Dr. T. G. Starkey Smith, and the Town Trustees. Mr. H. D. O. W. Astley, who was for nearly 50 years Town Clerk, also welcomed the Society. The President then read his Presidential address, on Medieval Floor Tiles, which will appear in due course in the Magazine. INSIUIKSIDAS AUEUSIE Iss, The long string of motor cars left the Market Place at 9.40 for Combe Hill where, at the foot of the high wooden post representing the Gibbet, which the tenant of the farm is bound by his lease to renew from time to time, Capt. Cunnington talked to the members on Gibbets in general and the origin of this example in particular. After this the large com- pany of members walked along the ridge to the earthworks of Walbury Camp on which Dr. Williams Freeman, who knows all this country better than anybody else, and has given special attention to the earth- works, gave a very interesting address. Happily the weather was all that could be desired and everybody enjoyed the magnificent view which this spot, the highest ground (975ft.) in the south of England, east of Somerset and Devon, affords. The beauty of the more sheltered slopes just below the crest of the down was enhanced by the unusually brilliant display of the Yellow Ragwort, then in full flower. This may be a pernicious weed from the agricultural point of view, but it certainly gave those members who saw it on this excursion something worth remembering. Kintbury Church was the next point visited. Here as at Shalbourne the roof is a good example of the painted decoration in which Messrs. Bodley & Garner were conspicuously successful in many restorations carried out about 1880. The nextitem on the programme was luncheon at the Chequers Hotel, Newbury. After this, members assembled at the Museum, recently established, and beautifully fitted up, where the indefatigable curator, Mr. H. J. E. Peake, F.S.A., gave an account of the contents of the collection. Leaving the Museum at 3.30 the next stop was at Avington, the most interesting Norman Church in this part of The Eighty-second General Meeting. 319 Berkshire. The Vicar, the Rev. G. D. M. Hughes, described the little building which has a plain nave with large and much depressed chancel arch, and a large tub-shaped font. The Vicar’s remarks were supple— mented by a few words from Canon Goddard. From Avington the cars proceeded to ‘“‘ Lovelock’s ’’ House, where Captain and Mrs. Burmester most kindly entertained the large party at tea, after which it was time to return to Hungerford. The evening meeting was held in the Town Hall where an admirable address without note of any kind on ‘“‘ The Newbury Region ’”’ was given by Mr. H. J. E. Peake, presenting a general view of the archeology and © history of the district from the earliest prehistoric times. ERIDAY, AUGUST 2Nb. The motor cars left Hungerford at 9.40 and made a first stop at Shefford Woodlands Church. This was not on the programme, but the attention of the members had been called to it especially, by Mrs. Burmester, on the preceding day. It turned out to be well worth a visit. Outside it is a plain unpretending little building having been until a year or two ago a Wesleyan Chapel, which, being disused, was converted into a Chapel of Ease to Shefford, and was fitted up as a War Memorial. The interior came as a great surprise to everyone. It has been completely fitted up with really beautiful amateur oak carving, very largely, if not entirely, the actual handiwork of Capt. Burmester himself, as a war memorial, with the names of those who fell carved in fevemon tne tacks ot the seats. — Ihe © font 1s:a very curious little pillar piscina from Avington Church, presumably of Norman date, but with unusual carving suggesting pre-Norman influence. The next stop was at East or little Shefford, where the old Church in the fields, now disused but kept in fair repair, was visited. The two fine Fettiplace monuments are the chief objects of interest. dine Munch ot West om Great onetond was the mext, point om the programme. Here the very curious tower at the west end, circular in its two lower storeys of the transitional Norman period, with an octagonal storey of the 15th century, at the top was the chief attraction. After this the cars left for Lambourne Church which was described by the Vicar. Itis a fine building, somewhat over restored in 1850 and 1861. Theadjoining almshouses, picturesque though of modern building, were also visited, and lunch at the Red Lion Hotel followed. After lunch the cars made for Littlecote, where the house and garden were most kindly thrown open by Sir Ernest Wills, the Lord Lieutenant of Wilts, and as the programme allowed ample time, members were able to wander about over the wonderful garden at their leisure as well as to see the many treasures of the house. This afternoon at Littlecote was one of the chief attractions of the meeting, which was brought to an end in the pleasantest way by tea at Bodorgan House, Ramsbury, where Admiral and Mrs. Hyde Parker most kindly entertained about a hundred members. Admiral Hyde Parker drew attention to a large number of curious somewhat cubical bricks each bearing a star or a 320 The Eighty-second General Meeting. shell in relief, which were built into various walls upon the premises. Nobody had hitherto been able to assign either date or use for these bricks, and the members present were unable to throw any fresh lght on the subject. So ended a very enjoyable meeting, at which the weather had been entirely propitious. The number attending had been large and the balance carried to the Society’s General Fund was satisfactory. 321 IN OJLID WUNLIMUSS IB OIRNZ WOON OU INB, EXO JBhy SwWR JeuciwNie Jel, bute. The earliest extant Minute Book of the old Malmesbury Corporation, one of its most treasured possessions, has recently been undergoing overhaul and repair at the Record Office, in London, and during this time it has been my privilege, by the kindness of the owners, to make a short survey of it. It will be remembered that when a new Corporation was granted to the Borough of Malmesbury at the time of the Local Goverment Reform in 1886, the old Corporation was permitted to remain in being as a perpetual Close Corporation for the management of the Commoners’ Lands and other properties among which were their old records. This book which consists of a folio volume, bound in pasteboards roughly covered with an old parchment deed, dates from the year 1600 and carries the record of the Corporation’s proceedings down to the year 1721. It was considerably damaged by time and wear. The binding was giving way and many of the leaves were loose, though happily none were missing. The paper was stained by damp and its musty smell proclaimed the presence and ravages of mildew. There is nothing to show whether this book had a predecessor, as it has no Title page or Introduction. But it is obvious that the minutes are Carrying on the record of a constitution and procedure which was well established and needed no explanation. The record is in English except that Latin is used on one or two rare occasions for the heading of a Minute, apparently when the recorder chanced to be an Attorney with a particularly legal mind. Up to the year 1638 the writing is in the “Secretary ”’ Script of Elizabethan times, often very difficult to decipher. But after that date it changes gradually but fairly rapidly to modern style. The meetings recorded, called the ‘‘ Borough Court,’ were held once a year, on the first Tuesday after Trinity Sunday and occasionally, when business was contentious, they were adjourned. On rare occasions meetings were held at other times of the year in addition. The Corporation consisted of an Alderman and twelve Capital Burgessess, the Alderman and two Stewards being elected from and by the Capital Burgesses each year at the Borough Court. The old Malmesbury Abbey records! show that the constitution of the governing body of the Borough, then probably the same body as the Merchants’ Guild, was much the same in the reign of King Edward I as at the beginning of the 17th century, consisting of an Alderman, two Stewards (Senescalli), and an Inner body of Burgesses (intrinseca) whose number was not then limited to twelve. 1 Registvum Malm: Rolls Series, vol. i, p. 153. 322 An Old Malmesbury Minute Book. Some evidence given by an old inhabitant before an official enquiry in 1634,1 stated that 68 years before there had been only ten capital burgesses but that the number had subsequently been fixed at twelve besides the Alderman. The parchment cover is part of an old deed faced inwards bearing date 1711, showing that an attempt was made to preserve the contents somewhere about the time that it ceased to be used. The book begins with a sort of index of the more important special Memoranda contained in it; in the same handwriting as that of the last entries which are signed ; Israel May, Clerks The annual record usually consists of a heading giving the names of the Alderman and the two Stewards, the date and place of the meeting, according to a set formula, the first entry being as follows :— “The accompte of Edmonde Hobbes taken at the place accustomed, the 22 daie of Maie, for all such Rentes and Fynes as he hath received this yeare, William Sargant & Robt Gillow the Stewardes, within the yeare of the Raigne of our Soveraingne Ladie Elizabeth, the two & fortithe, anno domini 1600.” 2 Then follows an account of monies paid and received and of new “brethren ”’ admitted to the Common with the amount of their entrance 1S Of“ InComne,”? All through the book the fee for a town born man, or one who had married a town born woman was 5/-. Others, who had been resident in an “‘antient house or tenement over 3 years ’’ were admitted for an “Income” varying from £1 to £2. The record also gives the names of the Alderman and Stewards elected for the ensuing year. There is little difference in the entries down to 1609, when there is a gap until 1612. We know from other sources that during this period great disputes were going on about the constitution of the Borough and about the use to be made of the property belonging to the Freeholders. The main portion of this property was a tract of land, about a mile from the town to the extent of five hydes or about 600 acres, which had been given to the Burgesses of Malmesbury, and all their successors, by King Athelstan, for their assistance against the Danes ; known as the King’s Heath. During the 16th century apparently, part of this land had been ploughed up and divided into a series of allotments, of which 13 of the better portions had been allotted to the 13 capital burgesses, another 24 to a second grade of members called ““Twenty Fours” or ‘“ Assistants,’’ and yet another series of smaller holdings to a class called “ Landholders,’’ while the remaining members, or “‘Commoners,’’ had DBO JD, IB, @. Chavles Il, 75. 2 This Edmonde Hobbes was possibly the grandfather or great uncle of the philosopher, Thos Hobbes. By Sw Richard H: Luce. 323 to be content with grazing rights on the remaining portion of the land which had not been broken up. _ This division of the land, of which there is no exact record, seems to have been greatly resented by a section of the inhabitants ; so much so that some of the holders were molested in the possession of their holdings. In 1607 an action was brought in the High Court of Chancery by the then Alderman, Humfrey Elkington, against a certain Walter Dolman and other inhabitants of Malmesbury asking for an injunction to be issued against these disturbers of their rights, and an order or decree was issued by the Lord Chancellor granting this injunction on May 9th, 1608. Further actions were unsuccessfully brought to upset this decree, which thenceforward became the title on which the Burgesses and Landholders based their rights to their respective holdings. After 1612, to protect the rights of the various classes of Commoners, a slight alteration was made in the administration. In future there were four stewards instead of two, one to represent each of the four divisions of Commoners. The formula at the head of the Minutes now became :—‘‘ According to a decree heretofore made in his Majtie’s High Court of Chancery.’’ After this things went on without much change until 1635, when after further litigation and enquiries, a new Charter was granted to the town by K. Charles I, incorporating the Borough by Letters Patent. This Charter, in Latin and of considerable length, detailed the constitu- tion of the corporation with its different classes, and the methods of election and duties of the officers. It made the Alderman a Justice within the Borough and introduced one new officer into the constitution, to be called the High Steward. He was to be elected at the Court and must, the Charter says, be “‘ honest and skilful in the law.” The first High Steward, nominated by the Charter, was Walter Norborne, Esq., a gentleman of wealth and position in the County, resident at Calne.! After the granting of the Charter, the heading of the minutes was changed to:—Accordinge to a pattent graunted by the King’s Ma" that now is, in the llth year of his Raigne.”’ The entries in the minutes vary very little. Sometimes the accounts are omitted but there is always a record of the officers elected for the ensuing year and of the new Commoners admitted. During the Civil War the Record goes steadily on, making no reference whatever to the exciting local happenings ; not even a hint is given of the six changes over that occurred in the first three years nor of the fact that for some years the town was in the hands of a Military Governor and a considerable garrison. Nothing of importance is recorded until 1667, when the Borough, hike so many others about this time, was the subject of a writ of ‘a quo 1 Jackson & Aubrey Coll., pp. 35—36. 324 An Old Malmesbury Minute Book. warranto ’’ whereby they were required to show by what authority they were functioning. They managed to escape satisfactorily on this occasion, but only ata cost of over £21, some of which had to be defrayed by a sale of trees on the Common and Burgesses’ Parts which brought in £8 2s. Eighteen years later, at the very end of Charles II’s reign, trouble overtook them again. Another “a quo warranto ’”! was issued against the Alderman and capital burgesses by the Attorney General, Sir Robert Sawyer, and as they did not appear to defend the suit, in the following year, the first of James II, judgement was entered against them by default. Their lands were seized and the corporation was dissolved. Whereupon, at the instance of some unrecorded person concerned in the prosecution, King James granted a new charter, but with a proviso in it, giving the King in Council power to dismiss any of the magistrates of the borough, “ with other things, relating to an arbitrary and despotic power.”’ As the Alderman elect did not sit for the year 1686, his place being taken by Thomas Stumpe, Esq., it is probable that the King exercised his powers on this occasion and nominated the Alderman for that year in the Charter. Unfortunately this charter cannot be found, but we know that it cost the Borough £233, which took some finding. It was annulled subsequently by a ‘‘ writ of errour’’ issued by Parliament in the first year of William and Mary. The remnant of the old corporation came back to office and proceeded to fill up five gaps in the ranks of the capital burgesses. It seems probable that the expenses of the annulment were paid by the Rt. Hon. Thomas Wharton who now became High Steward, as there is record of a petition asking him to defray the expenses of Wm. Adye, a local attorney who had acted for the town before Parliament. In 1695, John Wayte, who had been Alderman during the period of James’ charter, was deprived of all Common rights for having. been concerned ‘“‘ in destroying the liberties of the corporation.” Evidently the demand for a scape goat had become urgent. There is no reference to a new scrape in which the members of the corporation had involved themselves in the following year by neglecting to subscribe, in accordance. with an order by Parliament, to the “ Association ”’ ‘‘ for the better securitie of His Majesty’s Royal person and government,’ which followed upon the discovery of a: plot to murder King William on his way to hunt in Richmond Park early that year. Wharton who had now succeeded to his father’s peerage, undertook to obtain their pardon and reinstatement. He was also instrumental in obtaining a new Charter for the Corporation in 1696, which is not however referred to in the minutes. By 1798, owing probably to a wave of Toryism running through the 1 Memorandum in the Minute Book dated 1690. By Siv Richard H. Luce. 325 country, Wharton lost his hold over the town. In the following year they elected his nephew, Montague, 2nd Earl of Abingdon, High Steward, with whom Wharton was not on good terms. The change may have been due to the influence of the deputy High Steward, Wm. Adye, who seems to have fallen out with his chief. But that is a long story, which does not come into this book. The town remained Tory for some years and two years later elected acmucmelcin steward, lhe Rt: Hon: Sir Charles Hedges, or Hodge: Principal Secretary of State, who was re-elected each succeeding year until 1705 when, as a Minute records, “‘ he is discharged from _ his office of High Steward for not defending the rights of this Borough as he ought, and the Rt. Hon. Thomas Lord Wharton is elected in his place.”’ Wharton remained firmly in the saddle after this until his death in 1715. After his death, Sir John Rushout, whose son afterwards became Lord Northwick, was elected High Steward, thus starting a family con- nection with Malmesbury, which only ended with the family itself and the final enfranchisement at the end of the 19th century, of the Manor property of which they had been Lords for nearly 150 years. Sir John gave way two years later to Wharton’s son, the young Marquess, who shortly afterwards was created a Duke while still a Minor, and soon established a reputation as the greatest rake in the country. % It only remains to refer to one or two other entries of interest. In 1622, when Robert Arch was Alderman, the annual dinner given by the Alderman to his brethren, the capital burgesses, was set on a proper footing by an agreement that each of the 12 should pay 5/- to the Alderman and that the dinner should be held on the day of the Borough Court. This agreement was unanimous with one exception. In 1623 a minute records an “‘agreement and consent’’ by the whole inhabitants then present, that ‘‘the Alderman and Burgesses shall henceforth hold and enjoy the Schole House”’ and other premises at St. John’s, in spite of anything said to the contrary in the Decree. In 1625 and on two subsequent occasions, Francis Hobbes, the uncle and benefactor of Thomas Hobbes, the philosopher, was Alderman. In 1651, by a special resolution it was ordered and agreed, that Mr. Robert Harpur, Vicar of the town of Malmesbury, though evidently not a Commoner, ‘“‘ should have the right to keep a horse, beast, or mare on the common as other commoner doe, and this is the love and free gift of the Alderman, Burgesses with the Stewards & the rest of the inhabitants of the town to the said Mr. Harpur.” In 1652, the allowance to the Alderman for his year of office was made up to £10, by proportionate payments from the remaining twelve burgesses. In 1666, Abia Oui, a surgeon in the town who had been admitted a commoner ten years before on payment of an “income”’ of £1, not being town born but a resident for over three years in an antient house or tenement, was elected High Steward and so remained until 326 An Old Malmesbury Minute Book. just before his death in 1675. The well known epitaph on his tomb in the Abbey churchyard runs as follows :— ‘“He by whose charter thousands held their breath Lies here the captive of triumphant death If drugs or matchless skill could death reclaim His life had been immortal as his fame.”’ In 1678 Sir Thos. Estcourt, jun., who had been High Steward for four years was dismissed for not attending in Court to advise the Alderman according to his oath. : It is recorded that John Parker, who was being fined 40/- at a court held in Jan., 1680, for a grazing offence on the common, ‘‘tendered a bottle of.strong waters to the alderman and after that sent for beer into the court in a rude manner by Mr. Mainby ; and he the said James Parker at the same tyme gave evill language in the Court.” There is only one illustration in the book, a pencil portrait of the alderman for the year, Henery Grayle,! done apparently by a clerk of artistic turn to while away the tediousness of the court business. The old Minute Book has been beautifully repaired and rebound by the Record Office and should now be safe for at least another 300 years. ! Henry Grayle founded a charity of £10\in 1674 for apprenticing Malmesbury children. Pee bby atte AB bss. Ol WILTON DALE D 7 MUTANS BS IBUBIN Ine WIDE BSI Saxe By HE Rev. A, W. STore-BLANDY. This interesting document is evidently one of the charters of the Abbey of Wilton which was surrendered on March 25th, 1539. It is written in abbreviated Latin on a single membrane 123in. x 64in., and the Convent seal in red wax is in a good state of preservation. It bears various endorsements in Latin and Enghsh written or scribbled at various angles as follows :—‘‘ Abbess and Chapter ’’; “ Advowson [of Stanton—znterpolated| Sarum Diocese’; “7 May 28 H. 8 Prebend and Rectory of Staunton Sarum Diocese [by William Hirste—erased] SeOlankemelcum trom ties obess, and Cov of Welton “to Weeh Seoudon, -)/Graunt from the Abbess to Weigh of y° next advowson of [next advowson—vepeated and evased| Staunton.” Some of. these endorsements are in a much later hand than the first, which’ is contemporary with the deed. The document is stamped “ British Record Association 54.’’! Itis a grant of the advowson or right of presentation “‘for one turn only ’’ of the Prebend or Rectory of Stanton St. Bernavd made by the Abbess and Convent to Dr. Thomas Legh. Staunton, Or Stanton St. Bernard,, appears in a Valor of the time of Fenty Walbl at the head of the possessions of Wilton Abbey as a polzneben@dmom Kectory 4 worth xxxmy lt xvij S ij d per annuni [see Hoare’s Modern Wilts, vol. 11, p. 105}. It belonged anciently to the Abbey, and at the Dissolution passed into the hands of the first Earl of Pembroke. He appropriated the tithes to himself, and a Vicarage was created. [See A Survey of the Lands of William, First Earl of Pembroke (survey made 1567) printed in 1909 for the Roxburghe Club.] Stanton St. Bernard is now joined to Alton Barnes and Alton Priors. Cecilia Bodenham was the last of the Abbesses of the famous Benedictine Convent of Wilton before the Reformation. She was a very great lady. Previously to her election as Abbess in 1534, she had been Prioress of Keynton. As Abbess of Wilton she ranked as a Baroness of England, for anciently the Abbesses of Wilton, Malmesbury, Barking and St. Mary’s in Winchester alone “‘ held of the King 1m capite an entire Baronry, & were summoned to serve by their Knights in time of war’’ [see Hoare’s Modern Wiits, u, p. 102 f.|. She suffered much in 1535 at the time of the Visitation of the Monasteries from the insolence of Thomas Cromwell's creatures, of whom her “‘ beloved in Christ ’’ Thomas Legh, the grantee of this deed, was one. In fact she wrote to Cromwell com- plaining of his behaviour. This document suggests that she tried to bribe him, or buy him off with a “‘fat prebend.’”’ If so, she was not ~ 1 In accordance with the practice of the Association this deed has been handed over to the Library of the Wiltshire Archeological Society as representing the county to which the deed belongs. 328 A Grant by the Abbess of Wilton. oa successful, for less than three years after she and her 31 nuns had to surrender the Abbey. Dame Cecilia retired to Fovant with a pension of £100 per annum and a house there with ‘‘ orchards, gardens, 3 acres of meadow, & 1-load of wood weekly from the wood of Fovant.’’ The Prioress of Wilton received £10 per annum, and the nuns’ pensions varied from £2 to £7 6s. 8d. per annum each. Dr. Thomas Legh, the grantee of this deed, is given a very bad character in Gasquet’s Henry VIII and the English Monasteries (i, 253, 445 f.|. He was a member of King’s College, Cambridge, a Doctor of Civil Law, and one of the Royal Commissioners appointed to visit the Monasteries shortly before the Dissolution. He visited Cambridge University as Cromwell’s deputy in 1535, and Wilton Abbey in the same year. Ii one may trust, the extant letters of Ap Price, one of his fellow visitors and Commissioners, it is easy to see what cause the Abbess had to complain of him. He is described as ‘‘a young man of intolerable elation, who went about with a retinue of twelve servants in livery.” His “insolent and pompatique manner,’’ and the “ over- bearing and violent fashion’”’ in which he browbeat and ill-treated ecclesiastical dignitaries are noted against him, as also his rapacity in demanding fees and bribes from them: and there were still graver charges made against him. The costly fashion of his dress evidently annoyed his fellow Commissioner, and once when even Cromwell admonished him for his behaviour, he made the penitent promise that he would ‘‘give up his velvet gown, and discharge some of his servants | ”’ The ‘‘ Ordinary’’ mentioned more than once in the grant was not the Bishop of the Diocese, for at the time the Abbess was deprived of episcopal aid and direction. On September 18th, 1535, the King suspended the jurisdiction of the Bishops, and soon after this the Visitation took place. For notes on the Prebend or Rectory of Stanton St. Bernard I am indebted to my former Vicar, Canon Fletcher, of Salisbury. The following only professes to be a rough translation of the deed, and for any crudity in it I offer all apologies. TRANSLATION. “To all the faithful in Christ to whom this present writing shall come. We Cecilia Bodenham, by Divine permission Abbess of the Monastery of Wilton in the diocese of Sarum and the Convent of the same place, the true and undoubted patrons of the Prebend or Rectory of Staunton in the same diocese, greeting for ever in the Lord. Know that we the said Cecilia the Abbess and the Convent of the said Monastery,-the > patrons of the said prebend or parish church, with our unanimous con- sent and assent for us & our successors Have given granted and by this our present writing have confirmed to our beloved in Christ Thomas Legh doctor of laws the first and next advowson or patronal right of the prebend or parish Church of Staunton aforesaid when it shall happen that the same prebend or parish church shall fall vacant first By the Rev. A. W. Stote-Blandy. 329 & next in what way soever for one turn only. On the understanding that it shall be rightly permitted to the said Thomas Legh doctor of laws to present (? to the Ordinary of the place—“ loci ordinario’’) a fit person for the said prebend or parish church when first and nextit shall happen to be vacant [? for presentation] for one turn only and forthwith to ask and enquire [ ? for the ordinary of this kind] for the admitting and instituting whosoever is so presented to the said prebend or church. Provided that it shall not be permitted to us the said Cecilia the Abbess and the said Convent to present some person suited to the aforesaid prebend or parish church [? to the ordinary of the place] nor to grant or alienate the advowson or right of patronage of the same church to or from any persons or persons until and until what time the present advowson of the said prebend or church made and granted to the afore- said Thomas Legh doctor of laws by us the said Cecilia the Abbess and the Convent shall take effect. Provided moreover that after the said Thomas Legh doctor of laws has presented a person suited to the said prebend or parish church first and next in what way soever vacant that then and from then the advowson or right of patronage of the said prebend or church shall wholly revert to us the said Abbess and Convent notwithstanding in any wise the aforesaid gift and grant. In evidence of which our present common seal has been appended. Given in our chapter house of Wilton aforesaid on the seventh day of May in the year of the Lord one thousand five hundred and thirty six and in the twenty-eighth year of the reign of King Henry the Eighth.”’ WOlko 2ONWVIIG—=IN@_, CILDINYe x 330 A MEDIA.VAL DISPUTR AS TO_RIGHA On PRESEN TAMON) TO, AEE vive Ci Okie @i SOMERFORD MAGNA. By Canon F. H. MANLEY. Canon Jackson in a note which he appends to Aubrey’s account of Somerford Magna draws attention to the fact that the Prioress and nuns of Kington Priory presented on one occasion, v7z., in 1324, and on one occasion only to the Rectory ; on all other occasions the presentation being made by the Lords of the Manor. He gives however no explana- tion of this deviation from the ordinary rule and his statement is evidently based upon Phillipps’ Wilts Institutions. He apparently made no effort to look further into the matter by examining the fuller details given in the Episcopal Registers at Salisbury. Phillipps’ Wilts Institutions has proved itself to be avimost) useful book for compiling lists of incumbents and also for tracing the descent of the Manor in many parishes of Wiltshire. Unfortunately, however, the contents of this volume do not strictly correspond to the title which it bears. He gives us from the year 1296 to 1805, with certain hiatuses, under each year in columns, first the name of a parish, with its ecclesiastical status, secondly the name of the patron of the living, thirdly the name of the cleric presented by the patron to the living, these particulars being extracted from the Episcopal Registers, which are in charge of the Diocesan Registrar at Salisbury. It has been assumed that we have here a list not only of the clergy presented to the incumbency of the various parishes in Wiltshire but those actually instituted and thus legally in possession of the incumbency to which their name is attached. This however is a mistake. Ouite receatly there has been published by the Canterbury and York Society a full transcript of the earliest of the Registers now extant of the Bishops of Salisbury. This is the Register of Bishop Simon of Ghent, which contains a record of the various duties which he discharged as Bishop, and in particular details of his appointment of clergy to the different parishes in his diocese. The ordinary procedure was this. On the occurrence of a vacancy the patron of the advowson presented to the Bishop some cleric with a view to his institution. The Bishop then gave to the cleric letters of enquiry addressed to the archdeacon, who on receipt of these letters looked fully into the qualification of the presentee and into the right of the patron to present. The report of the archdeacon was laid before the Bishop, who then decided whether to institute or not. Sometimes there was a doubt about the right of the patron to present. Sometimes the person presented was under age or not sufficiently educated or otherwise unsuitable. In such cases the presentee was not instituted, though possibly he might be on a future occasion. By Canon F. H. Manley 331 Now Phillipps’ Wilts Institutions contains really a list of all presenta- tions and only in certain cases does the author mention when the presenta- tion failed to issue in institution. Thus in not a few of the lists of clergy posted in our Wiltshire churches there are included the names of those who never actually were in possession of the benefice. The first three entries referring to Great Somerford are as follows :— Keclesia Patronus Clericus 1323. Somerford Mautravers Johannes Mautravers, miles Adanius de Norton 1324, Somerford Magna Prioriss de Kyngton Walterus de Hoghton 1340, Somerford Magna Johannes Mautravers sen., miles ‘Thomas de Mountealto Sometime ago when I was looking at a calendar of law suits at the Record Office I saw the entry ‘‘ John Mautravers versus Prioress de Kington” (Chancery Miscellanea 84/1/11) and it struck me at once that this suit must have to do with the right of presentation to the Rectory of Great Somerford. I attempted to get a copy of this document, but should not have been able to make anything of it but for the kindness of Mr. G. T. Flower, who with his expert knowledge was able to give me the following full account of this law suit. ‘“The documents in Chancery Miscellanea 84/1/11 consist of a writ and a mutilated transcript of proceedings in the Common Bench in the month of Michaelmas, 6 Edw. III (1332) and on subsequent dates. The writ is dated 2 May, 10 Edw. III (1337) and is directed to John de Stonore. It is a Chancery writ of certiovay1 and asks’ for a record of certain proceedings whereby John Mautravers, the elder, recovered the presentation to the church of Great Somerford against the prioress of Kington, as, notwithstanding, a writ de judicio to the bishop of Salisbury to admit a parson on the said John’s presentation, Master William de Erchesfonte! is unjustly retaining possession of the said church at the presentation of the said prioress. siniemecord onthe De Banco, Koll (De Banco Koll, Mich} 6 2d. MI, M. 273 d.) of which the return to the writ is a transcript, consists of an entry of that date with the addition of posteas whereby the record was posted up to later dates. It is in good condition and the following is an abstract. An assize of darrein presentment was summoned concerning the church of Great Somerford, claimed by John Mautravers, the elder, against the prioress of Kington. John by Clement de Dorneford, his attorney, said that John, his father, last presented one Philip Denebaud, his clerk who was instituted in the time of Edward I (1272—-1307) and through whose death the church is now vacant. Before that the same John, his father, presented’ Master Stephen Gourneville, his clerk, who was mismumniccdum the time of Elenny Wl @216——l272). Betore that, john, his grandfather, presented John de Holewale, his clerk, who was also msvinited i thetime of Henry LT, 1 In 1340 he resigned the cure of the Chapel of Estcote (Phillpps’ W.Ins.). This entry seems to show that he retained illegal possession of Great Somerford until that date. cj 332 A Medieval Dispute as to the Rectory of Somerford Magna. The prioress by John de Wernherd, her attorney, said that the presentation of the said Philip ought not to prejudice her because it Was a usurpation on Mary then prioress in the time of war, in the reign of Henry III and not in the reign of Edward I, as John said; for the said Mary had at the previous vacancy presented one Richard de Overton, her clerk, who was instituted in the time of Henry II. John Mautravers, while not denying that Philip was instituted in the time of war, said that on the preceeding vacancy the said Stephen de Gourneville was instituted at his father’s presentation and not the said Richard de Overton. Both parties join issue on that point. After postponement for default of jurors, on the Saturday before St. Peter ad Vincula, 8 Edward III [30 July, 1334), John de Stonore took the assize in his eyre at Salisbury and returned the following verdict to the justices of the common pleas. On the same date before the said John, Sir Robert de Hungerford being associated with him, the parties came in person and the jury said that John, father of John Mautravers, the elder, presented Stephen de Gourneville on the vacancy before that filed by Philip Denebaud and the said Stephen was instituted in the time of peace in the time of Henry III, and that on the vacancy next before, John Mautravers, the grandfather, presented John de Holewale, instituted in the time of peace in the time of Henry III, and that from time before memory ancestors of the said John had the said presentation until the death of the said Philip when the said prioress prevented the said John by presenting a clerk of her own. They said also that the said Richard Overton, presented by the said Mary, was not admitted or instituted. Being asked they said that six months had elapsed since the vacancy, and that the church was worth ten marks a year. Judgment was given that the said John should recover his presenta- tion with damages amounting to the value of the church for two years ; and he had a writ to the bishop to admit a suitable person at his presentation. The prioress was in mercy but the said John freely remitted his damages.”’ Mr. Flower further remarks, ‘‘In the case of Mautravers versus prioress of Kington the jury confined themselves to the statement that John de Holewale and Stephen de Gourneville were presented by various members of the Mautravers family in time of peace, that is to say, in the part of the reign of Henry III that was not disturbed by rebellion. I think it must be assumed that Philip de Denebaud lived to a great age and was the rightful successor of Stephen de Gourneville ; but as he was presented in a period of civil disturbance, the court would not take cognizance of it, as assizes of darrein presentment were enquiries into matters of fact and not of law and evidence as to matters of fact in a time of rebellion would be uncertain. The formal phrase for all assizes of davrein presentment from the time of Henry II is guis advocatus tempore pacis presentavit ultumam personam que mortua est. The assize itself was one of three possessory assizes which Henry II devised in order to ascertain what actually happened in the reign of By Canon F. H. Manley. 333 Henry I tempore pacis, all kinds of usurpations having been made in the reign of Stephen, which was regarded as tempus belli. Thomas de Montealto may be presumed to have been presented to the bishop in consequence of the proceedings in 10 Edward III (1337) in the Chancery suit set out in Chancery Miscellanea 84/1/11.”’ The entries in Phillipps’ Wilts Institutions show that the dispute between the Mautravers family and the Prioress of Kington must have remained unsettled from 1323 to 1340 and it seems extraordinary that the Prioress should so long have been able to set at defiance the decision of the civil court given against her claim. Disputes in respect of the right of presentation were common enough in early times, but we can hardly imagine that in most cases the rightful patron found such a difficulty as he had here in establishing his right. If we are to judge by something which happened about a hundred years later the good ladies of Kington might not be above using even unscrupulous means to support their claim. The story is fully recorded in the extant deed of the Priory and has to do with a certain Prioress, Amicia, who in consequence of the part she played in the affair, suffered the indignity of degradation.! The Priory was under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Salisbury, but the nuns considered that their Priory being a Benedictine foundation ought properly to be under the jurisdiction of the Abbot of Glastonbury, and in order to bring about what they desired forged documents were obtained from a monk who was willing to assist them. These documents purported to be orders issued by the Pope authorizing this change of jurisdiction by which henceforward the nuns would no longer have been under the rule of the Bishop of Salisbury. As soon, however, as the documents were laid before the Bishop their true nature was perceived, and on being forwarded to the Pope, they were declared by him to be palpable forgeries. _ There can be little doubt that in the case we are considering the Prioress based her claim as against the Maltravers family on one of the charters in the possession of the Priory, a charter which was invalid. This document, printed in the Monasticon II, 887 (ed. 1673), is a deed of gift by Richard de Heriet of ‘“‘ Ecclesia de Somerford ”’ to the Priory “pro salute anime mee et patris et matris mee et pro anima uxoris mee Ele et liberorum suorum.” Although no date is attached to this document mention is made in it of Herbert, Bishop of Salisbury (1194 —1]217) and of Willlam de St. Mere l’Eglise, Archdeacon of Wilts, who was raised to the see of London in 1199. Thus it must be dated between 1194 and 1199. Richard de Heriet? was one of the King’s justices of the Curia Regis (1194—1202) and in the Pipe Roll for Wilts of 7 Richard I and two succeeding years his name occurs repeatedly as acting with the Abbot of Malmesbury and William de St. Mere |’Eglise in that county. In 1 Wilts Arch. Mag., vol. iv, p. 59. 2 [Information kindly supplied by Mr. A. Story Maskelyne. 334. A Medieval Dispute as to the Rectory of Somerford Magna. the following year he was in attendance on the King in foreign parts. He took his name from the village of Herriard in Hampshire, near Basingstoke, and we find mention of gifts by his son Richard to the church of St. Mary, Winteneye (Hartley, co. Hants). His daughter Maud became later heir to her brother and married Richard de Sifrewest, who so acquired Herriard and other property of the Heriet family in Southampton and Wilts. The first of the Maltravers family associated with Great Somerford was a Walter Maltravers who in the latter years of the reign of Henry II is found sharing certain properties in Wilts and Hants with Richard de Heriet. Walter Maltravers forfeited his lands by rebellion in 1193 being a partizan of John and Richard de Heriet obtained them from Easter, 1194. Walter Maltravers’ lands in Wilts were in Somerford and Bishops Cannings and in the Pipe Roll of 6 Richard, Mich. 1194, we fd ‘Ricardus, de Eleriet ©, c..de\cy im. pro) habenda- tema ques mnt Walteri Maltravers. Sicut jus suum ex parte uxoris sue &c.,’’ and he was still being charged with his fine in 1200 (Pipe Roll, 2 John, p. 157). As Walter Maltravers lost his lands for supporting John we must con- clude that he or his heir (the date of his death is uncertain) must have got them back soon after John’s accession and that Richard de Heriet’s gift to Kington Priory was in consequence revoked. The actual relationship between Richard de Heriet and Walter Maltravers is not clear, but it was one apparently which arose from marriage. Walter Maltravers’ property later came to John Maltravers, probably his nephew, and on his death in 1216 to another John Maltravers, at that time a minor, who is the first John Maltravers mentioned in the suit we have been considering. While it thus appears that Richard ide Henets jgitt of the ~~ Beclesia dey Ssomemond3 ce Kington Priory never materialized, it can hardly be doubted that the small property in this parish which the nuns held came from this source. For in the return of Fees in 1242—3 we are told, ‘‘ The Prioress of Kington holds in Somerford one fifth of a Knight’s fee of Geoffrey de Syfrewast and Geoffry of the Earl of Salisbury and the Earl of the King, of the Baronry of Celtre (Chiltern) ’’ and the Syfrewast family were the heirs oi the Kichard de Heriet property The above investigation seems to show that the correct successsion of Rectors of Great Somerford during the period under consideration is as follows :— Cleric Date of Inst” Patron John de Holewale Memiprictem le John Mautravers Stephen Gournevale Do. John Mautraver (s. of the above) Philip Denebaud Temp. Edw: I. John Mautravers from 1323 when Philip Denebaud died to 1340 no Rector instituted Thomas de Montealto 1340 John Mautravers (s. of the above) 335 ADDITIONAL NOTES WITH REGARD TO LARMER, WEiKMEKkh, ASHVMORE, AND TOLLARD ROYAL PONDS. iy the late, Rev. Wo GoopeHiLp, When writing upon this subject in the Magazine, vol. xlvi, p. 8, Mr. H. S. Toms did not know and would not have naturally suspected that Thomas Aldwell’s map of Cranborne Chase is a very unreliable document. itmse called A Mappe or Plot of Cranbourne Chase, lying ‘in Dorsetshire, Wiltshire, and part of Hampshire, by virtue of a Commission out of His Highness’ Court ef Exchequer, 1618.’ This Map was prepared with the object of deceiving the Court of Exchequer and other persons concerned, in times when Judges and Jurors were nearly always open. to bribes, and it was nearly tmpossible to obtain justice except by meeting fraud with fraud. The Map was, some of it, made in 1618, but it was altered at later dates, and General Pitt Rivers’ reproduction of it published in his History of King John’s House, does not indicate these alterations of the original Map. It notices for instance the marriage of Anne Wyndham to the Hon. J. E. Arundell, about 150 years after the Map was first published. The Chase of Cranborne belonged for many years to the Clares, Earls of Gloucester. If regarded as a Chase it was confined to narrow bounds, including little more than Woodyates, Handley Dean, part of Gussage, and Ashmore, all in Dorset. But when King John married Isabella, the heiress of William, Earl of Gloucester, in 1186, his father, King Henry IV, had been for six years treating the Chase as his escheat— not as a Chase—but as a Royal Forest, claiming very extensive rights, as Royal Purleu, over a great range of country that stretched from Shaftesbury to Salisbury, and from Wardour to Wimborne Minster. Hissuccessors, Kings Richard I and John followed their father’s example. In the Charter of Forests, of 1225, it was ordered that ‘‘ All woods which have been made forest by king Richard, our uncle, or by king John, our father, unto our first’ coronation, shall be forthwith disafforested, unless it be our demesne wood.’ But it was not easy to determine what exactly was the king’s demesne wood, or on what terms the Earls of Gloucester held the Chase of Cranborne from the king. The Earls with royal sanctions continued to appoint Foresters, Verderers, and Listakers over an extensive district in Dorset, Wilts, and Hants. In the parish of Berwick St. John, where the Lady of the Manor had been for 500 years the Abbess of Wilton, King Edward IV turned out the woodward of the Abbess, and put in his ranger, who made enclosures, which robbed the commoners of Berwick St. John of a large portion of their pasturage. 336 Larmer, Wermere, Ashmore, and Tollard Royal. The Chase was often in the king’s hands, sometimes through forfeitures, and sometimes through minorities of the Earls of Gloucester. It came eventually to the ‘Dukes of York, and in that way became the property of King Edward IV, and remained royal property until the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. In 1603 the Chase was granted to Sir Robert Cecil, who was soon afterwards made Earl of Salisbury, as a reward for the large share that he had had in securing the Crown of England for James VI of Scotland. But the new king of England had an extravagant and greedy court, and found himself obliged to levy heavy fines and illegal taxes to satisfy his creditors. Anda favourite source of these illegal fines was connected with trespasses of various kinds on the purlieus of the royal forests. In connection with Rockingham Forest, near Market Harborough, the Earl of Salisbury was fined £20,000, the Earl of Westmorland £19,000, Lord Newport £3,000, Sir Christoper Hatton’s representatives £12,000, and Sir Louis Watson £4,000. These fines were probably not exacted in full. But they were likely to make the Earl of Salisbury wary when he found that the gifts of Stuart sovereigns might be some- times pretexts for ruinous extortion. | Lord Salisbury therefore bought the Manor of Berwick St. John from the Earl of Pembroke, who had received it at the dissolution of Wilton Abbey. This step gave him power to do much as he pleased with the waste land and woodlands of that parish; and especially gave him possession of the building and appurtenances of the two ‘“ Walks,”’ Rushmore Walk and Staplefoot Walk, which are contained in it. Without those two ‘“‘ Walks ’’ the Chase would have been shorn of some of its most attractive features. We know that on several occasions King James himself came to Cranborne Chase, and hunted there in 1607, 1609, 1620, and 1623, and that he, on one of these occasions, killed two bucks in William Morgayne’s Walk, which was at Rushmore. It may be assumed therefore that the additions made in Aldwell’s Map in Wiltshire and in Hants to the original grant of the Chase had his sanction even 1f they made some tampering with the old plans of the Chase necessary. Lord Arundell of Wardour and some other landowners in the neigh- bourhood of the old Chase objected to what was being done, and took the matter into the Court of the Exchequer. They produced another map, made at the same time as Aldwell’s by Richard Hardinge, of Blandford, a much more correct map ; but it was of course disregarded. Hallam writes (Constitutional History of England, Ch. viii) :— “Still greater dissatisfaction attended the King’s (James I) attempts to revive the ancient laws of the forests—those laws of which in olden times so many complaints had been heard, exacting money by means of pretensions, which long disuse had rendered dubious, and showing himself to those who lived on the borders of those domains in the hateful light of a litigious and encroaching neighbour. The Earl of Holland held a Court almost every year, as Chief Justice in Eyre, for the recovery of the king’s forestal By the late Rev. W. Goodchild. 337 rights, which made great havoc with private property. No pre- scription could be pleaded against the king’s title, which was. to be found indeed by the inquest of a jury, but under the direction of a very partial tribunal. The Earl of Southampton was nearly ruined by a decision that stripped him of his estate in the New Forest. . ... By this means the boundaries of Rockingham Forest were increased from six miles to sixty.” William, second Earl of Salisbury, naturally desired to retain the gift of Cranborne Chase, as it had been held for 140 years under the Crown. He very probably had King James’ sanction for using what was said to be in 1616 the Inner Bounds of the Chase, and may very well have been ignorant that any other bounds had beea in use 400 years earlier. It was a matter of special importance to Lord Salisbury that Rushmore Lodge and Staplefoot Lodge, in the parish of Berwick St. John and in Wiltshire, should not be subtracted from the Chase. And the long possession of these Wiltshire parts of the Chase seemed to give him a better title than any ancient documents. But he tried as an additional precaution to see whether it might not be~ possible to make out that the boundaries of 1616 did in reality correspond with the boundaries that were in use 400 years earlier. This was the reason for the making of Aldwell’s map. In the days of the Stuart kings causes were commonly decided, not in favour of the most righteous claims, but of the ability to spend most money in bribes—bribes to the Queen, bribes to the Lord Chancellor, bribes to the Judges, and bribes to the Jurors. While if any jurors brought in verdicts that displeased the king they were fined or imprisoned. In the year 1280 the boundaries of Cranborne Chase, then belonging to Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester, were said to be Cheteleshevede, Grymmesdich, Henelegh, La Denne, Gussich Sci’ Andr®, Branden, Stubhampton, Head of Rythersdene, the King’s Highway leading from Blaneford to Shafton, Thenesdenne, Head of Westwode, Rugwyke {Ridgway, now the Ox Drove, leading to Salisbury), the Bounds of Wilts between Ashmore and Ferne, Staunton (elsewhere called Stone Dene), Mortegresmore, Stiching Oke (elsewhere Sing Oke), Sandeputte, Head of Longcrofte, Werme®, Bukedon, Boundaries of Dorset and Wilts, Chetelshevede. Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester, was married to Joan, daughter of King Edward I, and as a member of the royal house claimed boundaries much wider in extent; and from that time onwards, either as royal purlieu or as crown property, the bounds of the chase were said to extend into Wilts and Hampshire. Special Chase courts were held, and in these courts all offences connected with Chase law were tried. The imaginary Inner Bounds, which appear on Thomas Aldwell’s Map, start after Stanton or Stone Dean; the next place is Mortegres- moor (perhaps a piece of Moorland that had belonged to King John when he was Earl of Mortaigne), but Thomas Aldwell misread the name and changed it into Mortegresgore ; then came Stiching Oke. (This is a name which occurs elsewhere in a charter of King Edward the 338 Larmer, Wermere, Ashmore, and Tollavd Royal. Confessor. It means a prickly oak or perhaps a holly. But whether oak or holly, it could not grow where Mr. Aldwell has placed it in an exposed position 900 feet above the sea with nothing to live on but chalk and flints) ; the next landmark is Sandeputte (Sandpit). There may be sand below that chalk down, but it is not less than 400 feet deep. The real position of ‘‘Sandeputte’’ is in Sandpit Copse, at a much lower level. The geological department of the Ordnance Survey cannot date that particular sand, but it is perhaps, some of it, marly sand forced upwards from greensand below in patches by the weight of superincumbent chalk). The ‘‘Sandeputte’’ is followed by the Head of Longcroft. Longcroft, like Cerberus, is credited by Mr. Aldwell with three different heads in three different places. But the real head of Longcroft is on the border of Parnham common, in Dorset, although in later years the name has been given to another Head of Longcroft to make it conform to Aldwell’s Map. Warme’ (so printed in the Placita de Quo Warranto) comes next. It is, I think, rightly prolonged by Mr. Toms into Warmere, and is another name for Larmer, or Larfresmere, as Aldwell’s Map suggests. A ‘‘Were’’ is a ‘‘dam,”’ “weir ”’ in later English. (The word is used in a charter of 955 with regard to a great pond which formerly existed at the head of Water Street in the parish of Berwick St. John). Mere is, as Mr. Toms says, generally in A.S.a pond. (It is also often a sea, Meregot is a pearl, v.e., a sea pebble ; Merecist is a sea-chest ; Mereswin is a porpoise, 1.é., a sea pig.) But itis improbable that Ashmore was named from its pond. More likely it was originally Ersemor, a Moorland of coarse grass. It is mentioned in a charter of 956 as ‘‘ Earsmores Heaved,” the Head of the Moor of coarse grass, Ashcombe and Ashgrove which are near to Ashmore, are generally spelt Ersecumb and Ersegraf in old manuscripts. Erse is only another form of rush, and the rush meant is the sedge in this case. Mr. Aldwell is probably correct, as I have already said, in identifying Laftresmere (Larmer) with Wermer. They are two names for the same boundary ; one is Rushy Pond, the other is Dammed-up Pond. But Mr. Aldwell has put this pond far away from its proper place. It should probably be very near to Tollard Royal Park. Mr. Toms mentions the late General Pitt Rivers’ attempt to get at the derivation of the name Larmer, which appears in the form Lafresmere in the Wilton Abbey Charter of 955. The word Laver or Waire was applied to all’ sorts’ of rushes, juncceae). 1 yphaceae: Alismaceae, etc., and also to the edible seaweed (‘‘ Laver ’’) found on the north Devon Coast, near Combe Martin (Porphyra laciniata). It was also used in Anglo-Saxon for gold-leaf, and /ivergrund was used in Middle English for places where laver will grow. The original Larmer (Lafresmere or Wermere) may very probably be placed at a well-known spot, where four parishes join (Tollard Royal, Berwick St. John, Tollard Farnham, and Handley). Tent for jobnei) CoCOowbPy woo J ph LR ROD H# CO OD Beyond Bridg. Mrs. Ann Nutt Anthony Brooks or Ten‘ Robt Norman for Woodman’s house O Precilla Daish or Tent 0O Mr. Arthur Eastmead oth, for Formans O Mr “Watton or Ten* Padwandees Slade, stor Peirces O Mr. William Hayward 0 Thomas Looker O Mr. Robert Sheppard or Tent Richard Barfield for ye Crown 0 Humphrey Barnard or tem ) Mr, Robert Sheppard for Barnards Arthur Forman John Neat Walter Flay John Norman Jun. Barnabas Horsington Ann White Wid. Oliver Hartman Pierces Thomas Peeters Daniell Nerkes Jane Harding Widd. Mary Brooks for The Pidgion Close Joseph Serient Mr. Sallway or Tent William Jones Wm. Jones for the house he lives in Robert Card Oliver Harman or Tent Henry Fieldowne 0 Katherine Holloway or S35 for SSS Si ocCooc]o Wem 0 Thomas James 0 John Goddard 0 The Ten‘ in Xpian Sea- gery house y* was Walter Forman William Peirce James Cook Edward Carter Robert Norman Jun. Mary Peirce, Widd. QQeoee © — Oo — om oo oo°o° SO SSS SS oOo & SISSIES ES) 341 OD © CO > > F DO > bo Bn S& Do HR 0 WD HH OO PP De Se 342 Thomas Morrell for Reenes 0 Edward Lad 0) John Henstidg for his Landlord, Ponting 0 Oliver ~ Harman for Lookers O John Henstidg 0 Eastman Street. John Bishop O Robert Dyer 0 Sir George Hungerford or Ten* John Bishop 0 Mr. Robert Maundrell om, ben’ Mis, any, Davis 0 Robert Dyer for pigs Craft O Walter Doleman O Thomas Morell als Weaver O Mas, Elorton’ “or ent Thomas James 0 Edmund Phillips i) Johnson Weeks or Ten’ for Pranders O John Eyles for Forman’s ground at Bewers- brook 0 Blackland. Mrs. Hungerford or Ten’ Edward Raynells 0 Mrs. Margaret Smith 0 Richard Wakecomb 0 Henry Smith -or Ten* Edward Baylie 0 Wilham Hood for Emetts0 Wilham Browne 0 Joseph Orrell 0 Edward Reynolds 0 Widow Reeves or Ten’ 0O Dorcus Browne, Widd. 0 Mrs. Margaret Smith 0 Richard Hicks for John W helers i) Ouamerford. lnlemiay Clune 1SC\. 1 Wilham Weld Esq. or Tem 0 Ss. 0 0 on) So = Seer — Cow bo ENON fF ODS Gl, 3 2 oS Leones) NS die Calne Parish Church Rate. Mr. Robert Maundrell or den? johnriiscox John Bayle Sen Katherine Hollaway for S*bury John Baylie Jun’ for Mr. Serlocke GES Mrs: > Horton -or — Ben* Anthony Fry 0 Mr. Richard Forman or Ten* Joseph Orrell 0 Edward Hollaway i) Richard Browne Jun 0 William Barrett 0 0 0 oOo of wy io) John Ponting als Powns John Cook Jlosephi Orrell ton ysVing Ducketts 0 Thomas Horton for Mr. Ducketts 0 Thomas English 0 Richard Browne Sen for Barthemees O Henry Tucker for Hand- coke 0 Richard Browne Sen!’ for his houses Stephen Orrell Robert Burchell Andrew Mortimer SOQ © Calstone. Mr. John Mitchell 0 Mrs. Ann Orrell or Tent John Hughs 0 William Smith & The Exorsof Michell Hood O Stephen Hiscox 0 Mr. Robert Stevens or Tent John Hughes 0 John Hughs & Oliver Harman for Ponting 0 Mickell Hood, Exor for Landingtons 0 John Sihicks fore sii Duckett 0 Wm. Smith & the Exors of Mickell Hood 0 Mary Fry for the Mill 0 Roger North & William Smith 0 Hm OD © oo = | 6 £ Samuell Hiscox for the farme 0 John Hughs 0 Widd Cadle O 0) Joseph Orrell John Hughs for Town- sons 0 Thomas Hughes 0 John Willis 0 John Hiscox 0 ohne eelughs ~ of the Towne O Richard Hicks, Widd. 0O Stockly. Siem enles lone or len® Edward Harris 0 Mr. Wilham Maundrell “for Jeffreys 0 Judy Jaffry Widd. 0 Mathew Neat for Scotts 0 Barnabas Horsington or Tent O Mr. William Maundrell 0 Widd Haskins or Tent 0 Wm.CostarforSomerses 0 Mr. Samuell Bourne or Ten? ®) Henry Tucker for pte of Eyleses Thomas Bodman William Costar Joseph Hiscox Jonathan Sloper Thomas Ashly for Hopes Widd Robins or Tent Henry Beare Richard Phelps als Brominam:) on. hen’ Wim. Pountney 0 Mi Peirce Yor Ten Me poker OIE Ce ) Wm.Costar for Wottons 0 Joseph Eliscox | for Eyleses 0 ohne Cook for. Mr. Mitchell’s ground 0 Mirmbourne tor pte of Sie ere Sie) o> Rogerses 0 John Ponting i) William lLamphere i) Thomas Ashly 0 DW Crapite IAVEHEUL. = OO & DOR AaNDOONG Ie Anthony Brooks for Rogerses butts i) Anthony Brooks _ for Scotts 0 John Norman for Mr. Mitchells ground ) Alce Woodman Widd. 0O Mathew Woodroof or John Bishop 0 Mrs. Ann Orrell or Tent Roger Peirce 0 Peng, suckers c= ton Orrell’s ground 0 W hettham. S’ John :-Earnle Knt I Madam Johnson or Charles Cozen 0 Charles Cozen 0 James Golding & Wm. Jenings 0 SUOCI: Henry Blaak Esq. 1 Mr. John Orrell 0 Mr. Rob‘ Sheppard or Ten’ Edw. White 0 Richard Rogers 0 Robert Davis for Mr. Ducketts 0 Wibe; Wn@?e Secowe oe iene Koger Peirce 0 William Clifford O John Stevens 0 Francis Smith O Mr. Robert Mortimer 0 Robert Davis for Hanams 0 Stephen Orrell ) Robert Davis 0 John Hayward 0 Whitley. Richard Broome 0 Johnson Weeks for Lock hill 0 Mr. Sherwin & p.tners & Hen rlumphry fue- well el bo O 344 Cowedy. Mr. Jonathan Rogers & Ten* John Hancock 0 Mr. Nathaniel Webb for Little Mead 020.8 Mr. John Bayntuns Trustees forthe copesO 1 38 Studly. Mr. Benedidick Browne or Ten’ Joseph RussellO 6. 6 Mr. Robt Sheppard for Marchan§s Close OF 136 Rob’ *Norman Sen’ & Tent Esua Savige 0 0 10 Foot Ansloe Esq or Tent Edw. Slade OR en) David Langton for Red Moor Ory 2; 20 Wm. Orchard for his Landlord 0 0 8 S' George Hungerford or Tent Andrew AngelO 5 O Edw. Gale for Longdom Mead Ore oy a4 Edward Gale OG; 6 Robert Gale 0 0 4 Widd Gale or Ten’ John Taylor OF20- 6 Robert Chivers or Tent 0 0 8 Sie Ore \ Churchwardens. Jos Simpkins | W.. Weekes Tho : Fowler John Forman Arthur Forman Step. Blake William Browne Roger Seagar John Baily Sept. 14. 95. 7 fe 35) Cle 6 Calne Parish Church Rate. S) Georg?) ton ment ac Francis Peirce for The Mill Onre2 Robert Emett for The farme 0 11 David Langton for Berrills 0 10 Joseph Whithock — or Ten’ Thos. Dixson 0 0O John Taylor 0 0 John Stevens for his Landlord 0 3 0 0 Wilham Butt for Odies ohne Watts) Sonesenis sisters O O Peter Emett O O Mr. Thos. Swaddon or Tent Wm. Orchard O | Joseph Russell for the Cuniger 0 4 S* Georg Hungerford for The Copse 0 3 5S’ Georg or Ten’ Wim. Dobs for Horsingtons 0 0 Sir Georg or Ten! Tho. Selfe for the Swerns O O Anthony Newman OF 0 Wm. Hellier or Tent 0 O Robt Hort for Norman’s Ground 0 O William Butt O O Op 2 Robert Hort or Tent Benj D’Aranda, Vic. Gab Still John Haskins Walter Forman William Mortimer John Beare John Townsend John Keat Hanc ratam quantum in nobis est et jure regni peculiare confirmamus. Edw. Spencer Officiall. d. 0 3 0 4 ee OW) 345 BOX JPAIRISIEE INIKCOMRIDS = SiMOiSIE MG sks OI eae a A WIIG TSISLURIE WULILAGIS, JUN, isis lest By A. SHAW MELLOR. Among the documents and records preserved in the Archives of the Parish Council of Box, Wilts, there are many which would prove a mine of information to the local historian, both as regards the various happenings in the parish, and as regards the doings of the members of many local families. But there are some of them which are well worth perusal also by anyone who takes an interest in the everyday life of our forefathers in rural England, and I have ventured to make extracts from a few of these documents in the hope that the reader will derive both.instruction and occasional amusement from them, as I myself have done in working through them. The following is a list of the more ancient records :— Bound Volume of Overseers’ Accounts from May 3rd, 1767 to March 14th, 1784. Quarto. Binding missing. Bound Volume of Churchwardens’ Accounts from May 6th, 1724 to August 10th, 1809. Quarto. Binding missing. Bundle labelled ‘‘ Box : Miscellaneous Papers ’’ containing :— Letters ve Turnpike and other Roads in Box, 1813 to 1816. Notices, Receipts, Accounts, Summonses, Letters, 1756 to 1831. Justices’ Orders ve Rogues and Vagabonds, 1820 to 1825. Correspondence on Poor Law Settlements and Churchwardens’ Accounts, 18th and early 19th centuries. Bundle of Poor Law Certificates of Settlement, 1680 to 1780. Bundle of Poor Law Examinations as to Settlement, 1702 to 1818. Bundle of Poor Law Bastardy Orders, etc., 1717 to 1815. Bundle of Statements of Cases on Appeal, etc., 1669 to 1814. Bundle of Bonds to save the Parish harmless in respect of Newcomers, 1658 to 1752. Bundle of Waywardens’ Bills, 1827 to 1829. Bundle of Removal Orders, 1669 to 1700. Bundle of Papers relating to Militia Substitutes and Volunteers, 1778 to 1818. Bundle of Indentures and Bonds of Apprentices, 1650 to 1801. The Volume of Overseers’ Accounts deals almost entirely with the poor. It consists mainly of entries of sums paid out for relief, sickness, births and burials, clothing, and maintenance ; also for the upkeep of the Poor House and the Smallpox House. Below are some specimen items :— Spinning turns to ye Poor house gd © 2 Spanish Bags to cover the old women in the work house 2 O Wm. Bull’s caution money into Bath Hospital 3 © © Legal charges in respect of Orders of Removal and Appeals to Quarter Sessions 5 5 © VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXIV. Y 346 Box Parish Records. Fetching some goods from ye Smallpox house Expences going to Bath to get a place for Bet Tiler Robt. Wescott being hurt by a Quarry To repair a loom Geo. Wiltshire’s dau : having a lame arm Postage of a Letter from St. Olaves Southwark Paid Edwd. Salter (to be off) Expences attempting to suppress bad order on Revel Sunday 6 Gunpowder and Shot, when Chimneys were on fire in ye Poor house 11 Dr. Brewer for Innoculating Thos. Hayward and Family at Corsham parish Llc O Paid the Jury on a Boy that was drowned 6 O Paid the Bailiff of the Hundred for do: 6 8 Jane Wiltshire extra : being at Bradford to learn to Spin Shoemakers’ thread 4 (3 Dan: Arlett’s Bill for Tiles, etc., on ye Blindhouse I Bs m= bd wo bo So t1 OOo 2 © = A perusal of these Accounts shows the terrible prevalence of Smallpox during this period ; it also shows that Inoculation for Smallpox was by no means confined to the upper classes. The method of dealing with chimneys on fire appears somewhat drastic ; it is to be hoped that it was successful. It is also to be hoped that Edwd. Salter did go “ off”’ after receiving his shilling ! | The following Memorandum in the Accounts is of interest :— August 18th, 1771. It is agreed by us whose names are hereunto subscribed, that if any person or persons who receive relief from the Parish is known or found drinking foreign Tea, such person or persons shall not receive any future relief until they entirely leave it off, neither shall any person living in the poorhouse, be suffered to live there, if they dont also leave off drinking Tea. | (Signed) John Ford John Neat Wm. Brown £Geo. Mullins Stephen’ Budges) Robert Raynolds dw. Ree @ jommwWiezey, Here is an account of a Vestry Meeting which appears under date May 12th, 1788. At a Vestry Meeting held this day— Agreed that Joseph Bancroft and his Family shall not be any longer relieved, but by Justices’ orders. Ordered that the Overseers may collect 8 Rates. Ordered to have Mr. Vezey’s directions concerning Paul Little and Family and to peruse such instructions. Ordered that the Overseers wait on Esqr. Awdry and inform him that Thos. Shell refuses to obey his Order of Bastardy. Ordered that Mr. Vezey be employed to recover a note forfeited by Wm. Angle & Son—for not maintaining his wife. Ordered that ye Overseers apprehend Rich: Arlett by warrant from Mr. Johnson—and sent home or as ye Justice see right. By A. Shaw Mellor. 347 Ordered that Ann Cookey be placed at Bath for four or five weeks, and then married to Philip Baker by Licence. Ordered to Summons Isaac Hillier at Kingsdown to be examined to his Parish. Ordered to desire the Justices at ye petty Sessions to send their — Order to such Parish officers &c. as ought to suppress on Sundays, playing at Ball or Fives, Trap, Stool Ball, Chuck, and such like plays, consequently a resort to Public Houses after ye games are ended. Same day agreed to by us. (Signed) Wm. Rogers Geo: Mullins. Churchwarden Win. Pinchin Wm. Gibbons John Wiltshire Wm. Brown Wim. Gibbs Overseers Wm. Cottle The Volume of Churchwardens’ Accounts contains entries of payments for many purposes. It also contains the appointments of Wardens during the period, and the names of the Overseers and of many parishioners. Some of the chief items in the Accounts are :— Rent of Church House. Payments to Tything-man for ‘‘ Goale and Marshal- sea money.” Repairs to and oil for the Bells ; bell ropes. Visitation fees, with charges and expenses. Register and other books. Bread and Wine for Holy Communion. Washing Church linen and Surplices. Payments for keeping dogs out of the Church. Repairs to Church fabric and Churchyard walls. Making the Rates. Horsehire on going before the Justices with people warned out of the Parish. Vagrant money. Payments to travelling men and women in necessity. Carpenter for putting up and repairs to the Stocks. Men to keep guard at Revel i 20 To men who helped John Bancroft when the Quarr fell in upon him 1 O Gave 14 Soldiers’ Wives (or Company Keepers) with their children 2.4 Cutting the Limes in the Churchyard |; PAO Paid several men that came through our Parish with passes 2p 3 For mending Becket’s Well 2 6) iScemeion her ikingers) avi the Coronavion of Kunis George the third 15 O For a Brazier and charcoal 5 O Advertizing the Suppression of Box Revel (1779) IS} @) 4 bo 348 Box Parish Records. Drawing a Terrier (which was delivered to the Bishop) on Parchment and copying the same into Register Taking the Fire Engine out of and back into ye Church about 100 times in ye year Paid Mrs. Flower for eating and drinking at the time of Perambulating in 1792 Oak boughs 29th May 1793 Paid for dinner for the people who were confirmed The, following entry occurs under date 19th June, 1787 :=— Geo: Mullins received of the Arch Deacon in ye Vestry Room ye following— You are to go the Bounds of the Parish once in ten years. are to make Casements in the Windows, Admission of Air. GENERAL DIRECTIONS. where a Brick Arch is turned over the Grave. Ane Cohan AnD: 8 6 ly a 1 1 12 O 6 where wanted for the You are to remove the Earth from the Found- ation of the Church or Chapel where it can be done without interfering with the Graves already made; but in future not to permit a Grave to be dug within two yards of the Foundation of the Church ; not any: person’ to) be buried; ins the Churchtexcepe Below is a complete account of one of the Wardens for a year :— The Accts. and Disburcements of John Ford Junr. Churchwarden of the said Parish made up and stated to the Parishioners September the 8th 1747. Paid for Cutting the Trees in the Church Yard Mr. Spurrins Huntsman for a Fox for Ale for the Ringers ye day of Thanksgiving the Church House Rent for Beer for the Ringers the 5th of Novr. Cha. King for 2 Foxes Uriah Pear for a Fox Cha. King for 2 Foxes Court Fees with Expences at Visitation Edmund Oaland for a Fox for 4 New Bell Ropes David West for Work done in the Church for Beer that was had when the Bells was mended Uriah Fear for a Fox Edw. Castle for Whiping ye Dogs out of the Church Cha. King for 7 Foxes for Mending the Pulpitt Cha. King for 4 Foxes Cha. Brown for 4 Foxes Thos. Gibson for a Fox — — — Do Oe FE YOK NK WNW AS OL k= bO Or nN coro Cooooeooea © & Soooro © By A. Shaw Mellor. 349 Paid Cha. King for 3 Foxes ,» Edw. West for Mending the Church yard Wall 5 | LAOS, Closoin sie 2 |FOox ,, David West for Mending ye Bells 1 » Mr. Spurrins Huntsman for 2 Foxes ,, John Henny for a Fox , Cha. King for 4 Foxes ,» for Washing the Church Linnen ,, lor Mending the Surplices , tor Bread for ye Communion ,, for Cleansing the Communion Plate » tor Cleansing the Passage from the Church —_ © — RPWNOFREF NAR Hw Yard ee) ,, for Making the Rates & Entring ye Accounts 5 PO Ovi for ve Bells 6 , tor Wine for the Communion le 4-0 , tor Mending the Church Windows 14.0 , Court Fees & Expences at Visitation lee overs ,, 1or Sparrows Heads ees iee i », Robert Davis’s Bill 8 O ,, for an Act of Parlament against Swearing 6 1413 5 Recd. by 2 Rates amounting to 12 4 0 Recd. of ye late Churchwardens Loe 1 @ Recd. in all 13 138 6 Ballance due from the Parish to John Ford Church- warden 19 11 We allow this acct. (Signed) J. Morris, Vicar Lionel Lee John Neat Wm. Pinchin John Ford Wim. West Some of the items in these Accounts are of special interest. There are still several pollarded Lime trees in the Churchyard, but of no great. age; they were probably planted to replace dead trees. With regard to Becket’s Well, there is some doubt as to its position, but it was most likely of the nature of a trough to receive the water from the copious spring near the Church, which is still running. Apparently the Fire Engine was stored in the Church and taken out temporarily for Services. The Oak boughs on May 29th, of the purchase of which there are many entries, were in conmemoration of the day of the restoration of Charles II, on which day Oak apples or Oak boughs were worn or carried in memory of his hiding from his pursurers in an Oak tree on September 6th, 1651. The payments for foxes were part of the scheme that was in use at 350 Box Parish RFecords. this time for the suppression of vermin. There was a regular Scale in force in this Parish as follows :— Fox Lt @ Polecatt 4 Hedgehog 4 Martin Catt - a) Sparrows, doz. 3 Young Fox 6 Choafts, Choafs (Jackdaws), doz. 3d. The ‘‘ Martin Catt”? mentioned was probably Mustela martes (Pine Marten), now extinct in Southern England, as is also the wild Polecat, although this survives as the tame Ferret. In connection with the slaughter of foxes as recorded in the Accounts, it is somewhat surprising to find such a large number dealt with year by year. The number varies, but, after making a careful count from 1724 to 1770, I find that the average yearly number for that period was 24° the highest number, 57, occurmne in’ the year 17373 tromethe- year 1770 the number rapidly diminishes, and after 1781 there are no more payments for foxes. I mentioned these facts to the Marquess of Lansdowne, who suggested an explanation which, I have little doubt, is the correct one. Itis that there were no regular packs of fox-hounds, as such, until the middle of the eighteenth century, the chief beast of the chase until then being the stag; of course the fox was hunted to some extent, but probably casually and on a small scale by local Squires and others. In the Volume on ‘“‘ Hunting ’”’ in the Badminton Series, by the late Duke of Beaufort and Mowbray Morris, it is stated that until about the middle of the eighteenth century foxhunting by no means held the pride of place amongst sportsmen that it now holds. In 1743 the Badminton Kennels: only had one couple of foxhounds, the remainder being deerhounds and harriers: it was not until 1762 that this Hunt turned itself solely to fox. ‘‘ Before 1750, and in many parts of the Kingdom for long after, every country Squire no doubt kept a few couple of hounds, and, on occasion, he and his neighbours would unite their force, and so form a respectable pack.”’ It is probable that the Mr. Spurrin, whose huntsman appears in the Accounts in 1747, was such an one. What more likely then, that from about the year 1770 foxes in the Parish of Box began to be regarded no longer as vermin, but as beasts of the chase, and from the year 1781 were preserved as such ? Advertising the Suppression of Box Revel in 1779 does not appear to have had much success, for among some of the later documents appears the following lawyers’ bill :— The Churchwardens and Overseers of Box Parish to Atherton & Gabriel. Diss 182 Oct. 12. Carriage of Parcel from Mr. Mullings stating that it was wished we should conduct the Trials of the Defendants upon Indictments already instituted g , 14. Attending taking Instructions for Brief against | John Tylee and 6 others for a Riot and for an By A. Shaw Mellor. 351 assault upon John Eyles while executing his Office of Constable 13. 4 Preparing Brief in Fyles’s Case (5 Sheets) 210 O The like in Emmett’s Case (3 Sheets) 110) 0 Oca eAttendines sthese Prosecutors “and Henry Shewring advising as to the Evidence for all the Cases 6 8 Letter to Mr. Mullins to get him and Thomas Tuckey to attend a0 Instructions for Brief against Isaac Hall upon an Indictment for Riot and assaulting Henry Shewring as Special Constable 13. 4 Preparing same (2 Sheets) eO) , 16. Journey to the Quarter Sessions at Marlbro’ when found that Tylee and others were not imdicted for a Riot in John Eyles’s Case—and that Isaac Hall had not been apprehended—the Briefs were therefore only delivered in the two former cases and the Evidence appearing defective to prove an assault upon Eyles it was thought adviseable to prefer a fresh Indictment against the same persons for a Riot—return home on 18th Horse hire and Horse Expenses LAG Fee to Counsel to move to quash the first Indictment but after some discussion with the Court it remained for Trial—the Parties being left at liberty to prefer a fresh Bill for the Riot OFS Fee to Counsel to move 1 gua. to his Clerk 2/6 1326 Drawing new Special Indictment with 4 Counts 10.6 Fee to Counsel—to settle same and Clerk i 3) 6 Paid Clerk of Indictments thereon 10 6 Paid Swearing Witness 1/-, and to Bailiff 6d. bo (8) Paid for Subpoena and Copy 4 6 Paid Court Fees 3, 0. 0 28 1677.0 It is to be hoped that this was the last Riot at Box Revel; there is nothing to show whether the Revel was continued after 1822 or not. But izom imformation supplied by Mr. HM A. Wruett, the present headmaster of Box School, it would appear that the Revel was held in the years 1864 and 1865, as shown by the following entries in the school Gecords :— “ July llth 1864. Box Revels,—a kind of Fair held in the Village— a tea-party and various other festivities going on—these affected the School numbers—present in the morning 96—afternoon 88.” “July 10th 1865. Attendance small owing to Box Revel—a tea- 352 Box Parish Records. party and other festivities that were going on—>present in the afternoon but os. Among the letters dealing with the Overseers’ business is one dated April 23rd, 1824, from a local medical man, who was evidently a com- petent practical Psychologist :— To Mr. Wm. Pinchin as Overseer of the Parish of Box. Sir, In comphance with your order, I visited Isaac Bancroft today ; my first enquiry was into the state of his health, which appeared perfectly good—then, as many extraordinary things had been told of his moral conduct, such as stealing boldly in the open day, and offering the same for sale, at the same time, if asked how he came by it, owning he had stolen it, loosing his Fiddle, and other things equally unreasonable: I was led to examine into the state of his mind, he answered every question I put readily and rationally, but candidly said he did not hke work, nor would he work, an acknowledgement many would not hesitate to make, if they could be supported without—My experience on Insanity has not been great, but from what I could make out of him, I am not prepared to say he is insane. From Sir, Your obedient servant, Corsham. Richd. H. Alexander. There are many Certificates of Settlement of persons belonging to other Parishes, whose circumstances were so poor that they were being supported, or might have to be supported, by their Parish. Such persons, if they entered the Parish of Box without a Certificate, would very soon find themselves escorted over the Parish boundary to their own Parish, after a rigorous examination by the Justices as to their Settlement. Here is a transcription of one of these Certificates :— To the Churchwardens and Overseers of the poore of the Pish of Box and to all others whome it may concerne these. Whereas the bearer hereof Ambrose Dyer of our Pish of Melkesham in the County of Wiltes Scribler haveing marryed a wife lately out of ye said Pish of Box one Jane Weast, and being desireous to live with his said wife and worke for their maynteynance in ye said pish, To the end therefore that hee may soe doe without lett hindrance or any trouble and yet remayne as an inhabitant of our pish of Melkesham. ee the Minister Churchwardens and Overseers of the poore of the Pish of: Melkesham aforesaid whose hands are hereunto Subscribed and Seales affixed Doe hereby declare unto you that the said Ambrose Dyer now is an inhabitant of our said Pish of Melkesham and soe wee shall.alwayes accomt him to be, and likewise Jeane his wife And Notwithstanding their dwelling in ye said pish of Box We doe hereby pmise unto you and yor successors in yor sevcrall offices That either the said Ambrose By A. Shaw Mellor. 353 Dyer and Jeane his wife shall returne or be returned and be here pvided for as Inhabitants of ye Pish of Melkesham, without putting any of ye (lacuna) of Box to any charge trouble or expence whatsoever concerning them In witnes whereof wee have hereunto set or hands and seales the ffower and Twentieth day of May in the Two and Thirtieth yeare of the Reigne of or Sovarygne Lord Charles the Second King over England Anno Dom 1680. (Signed) Peter Priaulx Vicar. ibid. John Phillipes Rob. Jenkins Samuell Love Jacob Selfe Churchwardens The word “‘scribler’’ in the above Certificate is the designation of one engaged in the occupation of carding wool for cloth weaving. There are many reports of examinations as to Settlement, of which the following is a specimen :— Wwhieis, ~ ine examimacon of Plizabeth Rogers Spinster— taken at Box the 16th day of February Anno Dmi 1702 before George Speke Petty and Thomas Goddard Esqrs. two of her Majties Justices of the peace for the said County, who uppon her Afirmacon saith That to the best of her knowledge she was borne in the pish of Bidestone in the County of Wiltes where she were edicate for the space of nine or tenn yeares and afterwards went and dwelt with her uncle James Matrevers att Hilberton in the said County of Wiltes for the space of three or four yeares from whence shee removed and lived a Servt. with William Farnell Giavvimersereet im the pish of Sst. Peter 1m the Citty of Brstoll Sop boyler for the space of three yeares and uppwards from whence She came to the pish of Box in the aforesaid County of Wiltes without any Certifiycate warrant or other athority to make her a Settled inhabitant there Capt fuit her affirmacon die et anno suprdict via nobis : (Signed) Geo. Speke Petty Elizabeth Rogers Tho. Goddard Until comparatively late times a Parish was the unit for Poor-Law Relief, and, in the eighteenth century at any rate, if any person was apprehended as a rogue and vagabond, the chief aim of the officials concerned was to establish the Settlement of the said person, and, if the Settlement was in another Parish, to send the individual back to the Parish of Settlement with as little delay as possible. If the distance was considerable, the journey was arranged in stages, the Constable of each Parish en route being charged to convey the person to the next stage. Here is a transcription of a document concerned with the con- veyance of a rogue and vagabond from the Parish of Great Neston in Cheshire to her native Parish of Box :— COUNDY OF CHESTER) The Examination of Ann Smith the to wit J wite of Will. Smith a soldier taken upon Oath before me Willm. Glegg Esquire, one of his Majesty’s 354 Box Parish Records. Justices of the Peace for the said County this 3rd day of November 1755. This Examinant being examined to the Place of her last legal Settlement was born and also was a hired Servt. for Eight years to Edward Spencer of the Parish of Box in the County of Wilts and She believes she hath not done any Act or Deed to gain a Legal Settlement Elsewhere at any time since. Taken and Sworn the Day and her Year above-mentioned, before me Anni Sian (Signed) Wm. Glegg — mark COUNTY OF CHESTER) To the Constable of the Township to wit he Great Neston in the said County ; and also to all Constables and other Officers whom it may concern to receive and convey; and to the Chureh-Wardens, €hapel- Wardens, or Overseers of the Poor of the Parish of Box in the County of Wilts or either of them, to receive and obey. WHEREAS Ann Smith the wife of Willm. Smith a Soldier was apprehended in the said Township of Great Neston as a Rogue and Vagabond wandering and begging there ; and upon the Examination of the said Ann Smith taken upon Oath before me Willm. Glegg one of his Majesty’s Justices of the Peace for the said County of Chester (which Examination is hereunto annexed) it doth appear that her legal Settlement is in the Parish of Box in the County of Wilts, These are therefore to require you the said Constables to convey the said Ann Smith to St. Thos. Ward in the City of Chester that being the Place in the next Precinct, through which she ought to pass, in the direct way to the Parish of Box aforesaid, to which she is\ to’ be sent, and to deliver her too the (Constablemonobher Officer of such Town, in such next. Precinct, together with this Pass, and the Duplicate of the Examination of the said Ann Smith taking his Receipt for the same. And the said Ann Smith to. be thence conveyed on in the like manner, to the said Parish of Box in the County of Wilts there to be delivered to some Church-Warden, Chapel-Warden, or Overseer of the Poor of the same Parish to be there provided for according to Law; and you the said Church- Wardens, Chapel-Wardens, and Overseers of the Poor, are hereby required to receive the Person and provide for her as aforesaid. Given under my Hand and Seal the 3rd day of November 1755. (Signed) Wm. Glegg. CITY, OF CHS) Mo the Constables ot Sta ihomacme ide to wit Convey the within named Vagrant to Boughton in the County of Chester. Given under my Hand the 4th day of November 1755. (Signed) Jno: Pages. Mayr: COUNTY ©OF CHESTER) to the Constables ot) Sougihtcom to wit i Convey the within named Vagrant to Whitechurch in the- County of Salop. Dated the 4th day of November 1755. By A. Shaw Mellor 305 SA ONE | Convey the within named Vagrant to Great Peco! Witt eChatwelliimy thes Connty ot ‘Stafford. Dated November ye 5th 1755. STAFFORDSHIRE \ To the Constable of Great Chatwell in the to Witt J said County. Convey the within named Vagrant to Wolverley in the County of Worcester. Datted iNowarnve bl Foo. (Signed) Edw. Littleton. WORCESTERSHIRE. To the Constable of Wolverley. Convey the within named Vagrant to the Parish of St. Nicholas in the City of Worcester. 10th Novr. 1755. (Signed) Ed. Shillingtleet. CITY OF WORCESTER. To the Constable of St. Nicholas in the City of Woster. Convey the within named Vagrant to the Parish of St. Peters in the County of Worcestr. To be forwarded by the Constable as the Pass Directs. Given undr. my hand this 10 Novr. 1755 (Signed) John Floyer, COUNTY OM WORCHSEDR: | Poithe Constable of St. eters Convey the within named Vagrant to the Constable of Twining in the County Glocester the 10th day of November 1755. (Signed) W. Bromley. Cli Or GLOUCESTER} Lo: the Constable of the North to wit J Ward of the said City. Convey the Vagrant mentioned in the annexed Pass to the Constable of the Hamlet of Littleworth in the County of Gloucester that she may be further Conveyed as the Pass Directs. Given under my Hand this 12th day of November 1755. (Signed) Jas. Herbert. GLOUCESIMUIXSIs0URKS 1 Wo ne Comsmaloe Oi wie Inleynlew wx to wit if Littleworth in the said County. Convey the’ Vagrant mentioned in the Annexed Pass to the Constable of the Parish of Long Newton in the County of Wilts that she may be conveyed forwards as the Pass Directs. Given under my Hand this 12th day of November 1755. (Signed) Wm. Bell. WARES) | Mion the Constable of one Newton, Lo Convey the To Wit J said Vagrant Ann Smith to the Parish of Box in this County, the Place of her legal Settlement. . Given under my Hand this Fourteenth day of November 1755. (Signed) Charles Coxe. ~ Ican find no other record of the adventures of Ann Smith after her well organized journey trom Chester to Box. Wid she ever see. her soldier husband again? Of one thing we may be certain, that she was not received with open arms by the overseers of her parish ! 396 Box Pamnsh Records. The documents relating to Militia Substitutes and Volunteers are chiefly concerned with the lability of the parish to provide one or more Militiamen, as chosen by lot, to form the County quota for service. In the year 1778 it would appear that if a parishioner was chosen by lot, and did not wish to serve, he could provide a substitute, whose charges must be paid as to one half by himself, and as to the other half by the parish. The following order deals with one of these cases :— Subdivision of Chippenham and Caln and borough of Caln in the hundreds of Chippenham. and Caln in the County of Wilts. To the Churchwardens and Overseers of the poor of the parish of Box in the said Subdivision of said County. Whereas Thomas Lea of the said parish of Box Tayler was duly chosen by Lott in our presence to serve in the Militia for the parish of Box aforesaid And whereas the said Thomas Lea hath provided a fit person to serve as a Substitute for him which Substitute was the Sixth day of June last sworn and inrolled as a private Militia- man in the Regiment of Militia of the said County of Wilts then embodied and in actual service We therefore three of his Majesty’s Justices of the Peace one whereof at the least isvay Deputy Lieutenant in and for the said County of Wilts do hereby order and require you by a Rate to be by you for that purpose made accord- ing to the form of the Statute in such case made to raise and levy the sum of forty shillings being by us adjudged to be as near as may be one half of the current price then paid for a Voluntier in the said County of Wilts and that you do pay the said forty shillings or cause the same to be paid to the same Thomas Lea hereof fail not. Given under our hands and seals this third day of October in vhe Year of our wordia 78: (Signed) Jas. Montagu Thomas Hedges J. Awdry There are many Indentures and Bonds for binding apprentice poor children of the Parish, in order to relieve the ratepayers of the cost of their support, and to try and ensure them a future means of livelihood. Here follows a specimen :— This Indenture made the Nineteenth day of January in the Eight and Twentieth yeare of the Raigne of our Soveraigne Lord Charles the Second by the Grace of God of England Scotland France and Ireland King Defender of the Faith Anno Dom. 1676 betweene Zachariah Harris and William Bassett Churchwardens of Box in the Countie of Wilts And Thomas Stevens and Thomas Baylie Overseers of the Poore of Box aforesaid @f the one pte And William Marsh of the same pishe Husbandman on the other pte Witnesseth that the said Churchwardens and Overseers have by these prsts putt placed and bound forth Mary West being a poore Fatherlesse and Motherlesse Child of the said pishe Apprentice with the said William Marsh his execrs admrs or assignes to dwell By A. Shaw Mellor. 357 from the day of the date hereof untill shee shall attaine and be of the full age of One and Twentie yeares according to the Statute in that case made and provided for and dureing all which Terme She the said Mary West shall him the said William Marsh his execrs admrs or assignes well and faithfullie serve and in all thinges behave herselfe honestlie and orderlie as becometh such a Servant And the said William Marshe for himself his execrs admrs and assignes doth hereby promise to finde to his saide Apprentice Meate drinke Apparell Lodging and all other necessaries meete and convenient for a Servant of her condicon dureing the said Terme In Wittnes Whereof the pties aforesaid to these pnte Indentures have Interchangeably sett their hands and Seales either to other the day and yeare First above written. Signed sealed & delived the mark & seall of (Undecipherable) Wiliam Marshe X Those readers who desire further information concerning the affairs of a Wiltshire parish during the 17th and 18th centuries should consult the excellent article on the subject in the Magazine, Vol. 46, page 312, by F. H. Hinton, entitled ‘‘ Notes on the Records and Accounts of the Overseers of the Poor of Chippenham 1691—1805.”’ TE ECINE ALD PAVING: fies) Ob VV iieses, PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS BY FRANK STEVENS, O.B.E., F.S.A., AT THE TIUNGERFORD MEETING OF THE SOCIETY, JULY 3l1sT, 1935. INTRODUCTORY. The study of Medieval Paving Tiles, generally known as ‘“‘ Encaustic ”’ or “‘ Inlaid Wiles is one which has received but littlesattention, — Mine literature on the subject is small and for the most part is confined to the publications of Archeological Societies, where tiles are generally incidental to the description of some Abbey or Priory: Two special books on the subject—Nichol’s Evamples of Decorative Tiles, 1845, and Henry Shaw’s Specimens of Tile Pavements, 1858—are the best known works on the subject generally. Moreover since these excellent books appeared, there have been so many discoveries that the collections in Churches, Museums, and in private hands, now need to be carefully compared and studied in relation with one another, the = patterns catalogued, and the dating material of each fixed as far as possible, together with its source of inspiration. There is one curious circum- stance which of itself alone furnishes a tempting line of enquiry. How is it that these tiles are the only form of pottery, made in this country in medieval times, which can claim any outstanding artistic quality: ? Pottery in general from Norman to Tudor times was rough and often ungainly in shape and decoration. It seems almost incredible that so great skill should have existed in one branch of the potter’s art without some corresponding influence on the more widely distributed craft of making vessels for daily use. How is it that so complicated an industry arose in this country at a time when the general level of pottery was at so low an ebb? The reply to this question would seem to be, first, that the tiles were made exclusively by the Monastic Orders and, secondly, that the actual art of making them was imported from the Continent. METHOD OF MANUFACTURE. Early tiles are usually squares of red pottery from 5ins. to 8ins. long, and of a thickness which varies from 3in. to a full inch at times. The crude clay itself was first rolled upon sand into a sheet to compress the material. Where compression has not properly taken place, there are holes and cracks in the finished product which make it weak and brittle. This ‘‘ body ’’ was then pressed into square moulds, which very often were shaped to give a bevelled edge to the tile. The square of clay was then allowed to dry shghtly before being pressed by the wooden stamp, The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. 359 which resembled a ‘‘ butter print.’’ One of these prints is in the Winchester Museum. The maker of “ tile prints’ had to be a skilled craftsman, particularly where armorial or alphabetical designs had to be made. In one case from the Repton Kiln a complete alphabet reads on the tile from right to left. Often diagonal cuts were made in the tile after printing, to permit of the tile being broken into two triangular pieces to fill corners. The hollows made by the print were next filled with white slip composed of china or pipe clay. Here great care was required, for it was essential that the clay used for the slip should have the same shrinkage in the kiln as the body of the tile. The surface of the tile was then scraped with a sharp edge to give it a clean finish. Fic. 1.—Tile Stamp in Winchester Museum. Reproduced with permission from Sussev Arch. Colls., Ixxv, 26. Occasionally and at a later date in their history, tiles were decorated with a painted or stencilled slip, which, while permitting greater free- dom of design, failed to produce the same bold effect. The final process was to dip the tiles in a metallic glaze (the lead in which acted on the iron and salt in the clay), and then fire them. Firing had various effects upon the finished tile. The lead glaze produced a yellowish tint upon the white pipe clay, which greatly added to the effect of the 360 The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. finished article. Oxide of iron in the clay gave a greenish shade to the body of the tile. There was likewise a special green glaze into which copper salts were introduced ; but green tiles as such very seldom have patterns upon them. THE TILEMAKERS. There seems to be no doubt that the secret of the manufacturing processes of Inlaid Tiles was held by a hmited number of workers, and that these were monks, probably Cistercians. The monastic tile-maker, after enriching his own Abbey with pavements, would doubtless be em- ployed elsewhere by the direction of his superior. In some cases the tiles were made in the Abbey kiln, or the monk might take his stamps with him and use the local clays of the district to which he was sent; this would account to some extent for the appearance of identical patterns at widely distant places. That these workers were monks is evident from the often quoted passage relating to the Abbot of Beaubec in Normandy in 1210 :— ‘““Let the Abbot of Beaubec who has for a long time allowed his monk to construct for persons who do not belong to our Order, pavements which exhibit levity or curiosity, be in slight penance for three days, the last of these on bread and water. And let the monk be recalled before the feast of All Saints and never again be lent excepting to persons of our Order, with whom let him not presume to construct pavements which do not extend the dignity of our Order.”’ (Thesaurus Novus Anecdotorum. E. Martene and Vo Durand 717, INE colenl 308.) Considering, however, what an extensive industry the manufacture of tiles must have been (185,000 were bought for Westminster alone at 6/8 a hundred), it is surprising that there are not more documentary references to it. One might expect almost that the Abbey would have had its official < tiler.4 “On the other hand even iis they Mpbeyaniadea kiln it would not necessarily have been always working. Still, English kilns must have been fairly common, although but little is known about them as yet. Lord Ponsonby gives a list of only twelve kilns which have been proved by excavation. Of these Great Malvern, Great Saredon (XVIth century), Droitwich and Chertsey are the most important. The late Sir Arthur Church in his English Earthenware (page 14) is responsible for the statement that tiles were made in Wilts, but does not specify the locality of the kilns. It is possible that Malmesbury, where tiles are singularly rich and abundant, and have a decided individuality, may have been a centre. Against this it may be urged that Malmesbury is only some four miles from the Gloucestershire borders, and that the Malmesbury tiles have considerable affinity to those of Gloucestershire. The late President, Sir Harold Brakspear, speaking of Stanley Abbey,? which will always be associated with his 1 Suss. Arch. Colls. \xxv, 25. 2W.A.M., xxxv, 579. IE SOU SUCUCIIS,, (alain) Gan Ia yva le 361 name, was of opinion that the tiles at that Abbey were made at Nash Hill between Stanley and Lacock. Other Cistercian Abbeys on the Wilts borders, which might have had kilns were Kingswood (Gloucester), Bindon [Dorset) of which Henry III was patron, and Beaulieu (Hants). None of these sites however has been explored with a view to finding the kilns which may have existed. A printer’s error is also responsible for some misunderstanding on the subject of the Wiltshire kilns. In Shaw’s Tile Pavements (Introduction) there is a reference to the dis- covery of a tile kiln in the parish of St. Mary, Wilton. This should read “the parish of St. Mary, Witton’’ (near Droitwich). There is no reason at all why tiles should not have been made in the county. There is an abundance of clay specially suitable for the purpose. Pipe clay is also to be obtained fairly readily, so that it would never be surprising to learn that more than one Wiltshire kiln had been discovered, but at the present time there is no direct evidence supported by definite excavation, that kilns existed in the county, and Nash Fill would seem to be a promising site to investigate. BACKS OF) TILES: In addition to the evidence of pattern on the face of the tile, which will be dealt with later, the back of the tile may afford some indication of its history. Very often there are no distinguishing marks on the back of the tiles at all. Other tiles, however, both decorated and plain, have one, four, or five depressions on the back to act as keys in bedding. Sometimes they are broad and shallow ; sometimes they are narrow and deep. Sometimes they are a series of stabs in the clay, and it is interesting to note that they are far more plentiful in the south of England than in the north. These depressions were made in some cases roughly with the thumb or finger, in others carefully by a tool, such as a knife or pointed piece of wood. Tiles of identical pattern have been keyed by both methods, which indicates either that different workmen were employed or that they were made at different dates. (See le elt nae been suggested that these depressions were made to prevent “warping ’’ in firing, but warped tiles exist which bear these key marks. Another suggestion is that they helped in the drying of the clay before firing. This was most important, as moisture would produce cracks or ‘“scaling.’’ These are interesting speculations, but it would seem far more likely that the purpose of depressions on the backs of tiles was to steady them in bedding, if the composition of the floor was loose or sandy. | (Suss. Arch. Colls. Ixxv, 32.) DATE OF THE TILES. It has already been stated that the manufacture of tiles probably came to this country with the Regular Monastic Orders. Bearing this in mind, it seems only likely that they should have come to England in connection with the great revival of Church Building which took place in the 13th century. The earliest actual reference is that which VOL. XLVII.—NO. CLXIV. Z 362 ; The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. concerns Westminster Abbey in 1237—8. It is an order that the King’s little Chapel should be paved with pictorial tiles (tegula picta decenter™ paveari).1 This date would place the existing specimens from the Chapter House at Salisbury Cathedral well among the early examples. They may certainly be described as of the 13th century. One of the “best known tiles in Wilts is that of a Crusader in armour charging a Saracen. It is to be found at Great Bedwyn, ? Amesbury,? Clarendon Palace, Romsey andelsewhere. (Fig.2.) The Knight is wearing the square topped helmet which was introduced somewhere about 1186. Other early examples have been found at Clarendon, Ivychurch, and Salisbury Cathedral. The Church of the Cistercians at Stanley Abbey (which had a tiled floor of the 13th and 14th century) was hallowed in 1266.4 JEG, Ye Moreover from the evidence of the patterns upon them, these tiles appear to be almost contemporary with the development of Heraldry, since many of the pavements exhibit early forms of Armorial Bearings. The arms of Clare and the Lions of England are found among 14th century tiles at Stanley Abbey,°® and Bradenstoke Priory ;® those of Hussey and de Camville at Amesbury and possibly the cognisance of Eleanor of Castille, tirst -Oucen jor Edward. I he; practice or mayne atinese pavements continued until the 16th century, of which period Lacock Abbey contains a fine range, but by that time the art was beginning to lose its early directness and simplicity, and to exhibit foreign influences. DESIGNS UPON THE TILES. These are of course very varied, and to a certain extent confined to the spheres of influence of the Abbeys and Priories from which they emanated. They may be roughly classified into the following categories :— 1.—Heraldic. These very naturally have attractcd the greatest attention, since they can be referred to the patrons and benefactors of ¥ Rot: Claus. 22 Hen. ILI m. 19. 2 Gents Mag. July 1845. 3 Wilts Notes and Queries, iii, 442 4W.A.M., xxxv, 552. > Ibid., 559, fig. 11. 6 W.A.M., xhiii, 4 IS) JEVOME SUVS, Oselo.n 1 gS 2's 363 religious houses or Churches. In Wilts, for example, the Arms of Clare frequently occur. But it should not be forgotten that a fine stamp, even if armorial, would be used because ofits pictorial beauty, and thus it is not uncommon to find armorial tiles bearing the coat of arms of men in no way connected with the district. |. Armorial tiles of the 16th century are also to be found at Lacock. 2.—Pictorial Designs. These are rare, and may almost be said to be confined to the classic examples produced by the Chertsey kilns, which are in a Class by themselves. Outside this class, perhaps the best example is the two-tile border pattern mentioned already of a Crusader charging a Saracen, which is supposed to represent the combat between Coeur der Lion * and ‘Saladin. This is found at Great Bedwyn, Romsey, Clarendon Palace, and Amesbury Abbey. The tiles are an unusual size, being an oblong of 9 by 64 inches. (Fig. 2.) 3.—Animals. This class contains an amazing assortment of forms: jions, fish, nrythological monsters, and in particular, birds. It has been suggested that birds have a symbolic significance, and refer to the com- prehensiveness of the Church, ‘‘ the birds lodge in the branches thereof.”’ (Fig. 3.) jene@. 2b. 4.—Emblems. Here again there is great variety. Religious mono- grams and the Fleurs de lys predominate. Apart from its heraldic significance, the Fleur de lys was the emblem of the Virgin, and tiles in lady Chapels often bear this design. The vine, too, naturally has a religious allusion and occurs in many variants. 9.—Floriated Forms. These are usually conventional sprays, laid diagonally on the tile. The use of four of these tiles would naturally produce a floriated cross. (Fig. 4.) 6.—Geometrical. Interlaced circles, chequers, chevrons, trellises Syronny and the like are combined in many varieties also the vesica DZ 364 The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. piscis, a pointed oval and the simplified form of the early Christian fish symbol. 7.—Letters. These are often found on separate tiles, so that inscrip- tions could be built up from them. They are not very common in Wilts and are not very early in period. A fine Lombardic alphabet belongs to Stanley Abbey.t DISTRIBUTION. The distribution of the various patterns is interesting. The counties of Wilts, Hants, and Dorset are richest in simple designs which are applicable to any Church, while the armorial tiles are comparatively scarce. In the west of England the armorial tile is more frequent. They are to be expected on the western and northern borders of Wilts. In the south and south-east, simple decorated tiles are more plentiful. There is a general and noticeable similarity between the pavements in the Cathedral Churches of Salsbury and Winchester, and Beauheu Abbey. These similarities would seem to indicate a common source for the tiles in certain districts and consequently either a common kiln or one set of workmen moving from place to place. In the case of Salisbury and Winchester Cathedrals, the patterns are not only similar, but tracings show that they have come from the same matrix. But it is necessary to lay some stress upon the difference between similarity and identity, for quite frequently the same pattern has been used by two or more individuals with sometimes small variations which are sufficient to show that the workman was not above copying a popular design for himself. One such pattern lends itself to illustration very happily. It represents two birds addorsed regardant upon a diagonal Spray.- (seer Pl] Vols and 215) This was one of the patterns utilised in the floor of the Chapter House at Salisbury, and also in the Augustinian Priory at Ivychurch, at Amesbury, and elsewhere in the immediate neighbourhood of Salisbury. A comparison between the Chapter House and Ivychurch tiles and some of those from Amesbury, reveals the fact that at Amesbury two stamps have been used ; for while some of the Amesbury tiles have the appearance of doves, others might almost be taken for parrots. Some- what larger tiles bearing this design in a more ornate form have been found at Basing House, Hants. The same pattern is found at Exeter, Winchester, Beaulieu (two versions), and Jervaulx (Yorks), and Mr. A. D. Passmore reports one from Wanborough. As already stated these tiles with a spray placed lozengewise ? were laid in fours to form a Cross and the decorative value of the tile cannot be appreciated until four are seen together. Moreover the laying of the design diagonally on the tile affords the largest possible space for the development of a design. (See Pl. V, 16, 20, 24.) Ue Weal MgO roooK, DIG), 1s, lla}; 2 Wilts Notes and Queries, iii, Pl. 11, 443. 3 Walts Notes andsOueries, Nola iil ior 20245 BU MRMVan Re StCUCHS, OvDil ds. Sean 365 In some cases even more elaborate patterns consisted of nine or sixteen tiles. In both there was a central design and distinctive ~patterns for the tiles enclosing it. There is a fine 16-tile example (PI. II. fig, 1) quoted by Shaw in his Tile Pavemenis at Great Bedwyn, and another notable one at Malmesbury Abbey. The general arrangement of this was a circle enclosing a quatrefoil, which originally contained four armorial shields ; at some subsequent date these tiles were taken out and a new armorial shield of a female griffin rampant with the letters W.W. and W.C..in Lombardic character inserted in their place. It is supposed that the griffins may have been the device of the Abbey and that the letters may refer to individual Abbots. One of these tiles has also been found at Donhead St. Mary. There are four very handsome ‘‘foursome’’ patterns at Stanley Abbey, two of which display a quatrefoil, one a castellated building possibly the heraldic bearing of Eleanor of CasttHe and the last, four shields bearing the three chevrons of Clare.! | An early tile found in the south of the county is that of a hon or a Cmumsenclosed within, atlorated cixcle, (See Bl. V,15, 19, 22.) It may be said that all dragons, wyverns, and griffins belong to the earlier series of tiles. The griffins heraldically face to dexter, while the hons face both ways. In the Chapter House at Salisbury the two designs were used as a foursome, the lions facing the griffins. Sporting subjects are not infrequent. At Britford there is a hound in full chase, the deer which we presume he was hunting may be found at St. Nicholas’s Hospital, barely a mile away and also at Amesbury. (EVES 7, 8.) At Stanley are some very spirited border tiles, each of which shows a stag pursued by two dogs through a thicket in which birds are perched on the trees.2._ There is a fine mounted archer found at Britford. Two 14th century border tiles from Malmesbury deserve mention. They represent a squirrel which is armorial, and a monkey, holding in his hand a phial,? probably a satirical reflection upon the medical profession. These two subjects have been borrowed from the sister art of ‘‘ Stained Glass ’’’ and may be found in the windows of York Minster, and are fully described in the late Dean Cust’s Heraldry of York Munster. THE CHAPTER HOUSE TILES AT SALISBURY. The Chapter House was built between the years 1263 and 1284. Consequently it is possible to date the floor as being of the 13th century. It is also strongly related in its component tiles to those of Winchester Cathedral and Romsey Abbey. The structure is an octagonal one and presented certain difficulties to the workmen in consequence. It is very fortunate that a record of the patterns was made by the Rev. Lord Alwyn Compton before the “‘ Restoration.’”” Though much worn and in many places disarranged, enough remained at that time to show the 1W.A.M., xxxv, 579, fig. 12. 2 NY WAL IWS BSS, 10 18), 3B. MM. Cat. Eng. Pottery, 1903, 32. A 247, fig. 15. 366 The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. original arrangement of every panel, except two of the smallest. Care- ful drawings and measurements were made. These enabled Shaw to reproduce a complete restoration of the floor in his Tile Pavements, Pls. XXIII and XXIV. The artist divided the floor into four quarters. The main floor was enclosed by a border of square green tiles laid lozengewise, and filled in with halves of white tiles. Within this were L-shaped sections each filled with either ‘‘ foursome ”’ panels or more elaborate designs of single tiles separated by narrow border tiles. Six distinct panels were employed in which there were six separate patterns of square tiles and four forms of border tile. (Fig. 5 and Plate III.) SALISBURY cbhaPtes, Be ES) SG 1) Sg) le, O AuKdee Sine, « lelleyte 2O-UU, A. A panel of four tiles of birds addorsed, divided by black border tiles with “‘ primrose’ tiles at the corners. B. A panel of four quatrefoil tiles, divided by black border tiles, with “‘ primrose ”’ tiles at the corners. Cc. A panel of tour Moriated crosses enclosed in’ a border or PrinmiTOseres uiles: D. A panel of four tiles of birds addorsed, set as a foursome, enclosed in a border of stars. E. Lion and Griffin, in floriated circle, set alternately. F. Floriated spray, set as a “‘ foursome.’’ The patterns in the Chapter House at Salisbury are: also found in Stanley Abbey; the Grey Friars, Salisbury; Brittord;) Clarendon: Ivychurch ; St. Nicholas, Salisbury ; Amesbury and in several places in Hampshire. jay Jyeiilp SuoueIisS, Osa8 Ica! 367 IvYCHURCH AND CLARENDON. Both the Augustinian Priory of Ivychurch and the Royal Palace of Clarendon, had floors with some tiles similar to those in the Cathedral Chapter House. It is perhaps significant that Henry III was responsible for the earliest known pavement of this class in his Chapel at Westminster and it is therefore possible that he may have introduced similar pavements at Ivychurch and Clarendon. That at Westminster is dated 1237. Henry III visited Salisbury when at Clarendon on more than one occasion, notably in 1258. During his visits to Clarendon Henry III carried out extensions to the existing buildings, and among others built a new Chapel there. In all these later works at the Royal Palace, mention is made of the paving. The Chapel which was commenced in 228, may have been floored with inlaid tiles. These were found in considerable numbers when the early excav- ations took place about 1820. Sir Richard Colt Hoare refers to them in Modern Wilts. (V Alderbury, 162.) ‘‘ The floors of some of the rooms were paved with glazed tiles for the most part square and triangular of different colours and variously ornamented, some of them exhibiting dragons, griffins, flowers, etc.’”’ Very few tiles seem to have survived from the first excavations. There are none at the British Museum, or in this Society's Museum at Devizes. Some are preserved in the Salisbury Museum. During the recent excavations under Dr. Borenius, further specimens have come to light. The patterns include lions in Roriated circles, .facing to dexter and sinister, gryphons, the usual pattern of birds addorsed regardant, and some very interesting small tiles about 34ins. square. One of these bears a grotesque animal like a Wiywerm, On Possibly a cockatrice and the other a “fret.” The latter has been scored diagonally before baking, so as to provide two triangular tiles for filling a corner and for bordering.t AMESBURY ABBEY. This has yielded a fine series of tiles running to nearly fifty designs shown in Plates IV, V and VI (Wilts Notes and Queries, iii, Plates I, II and III.) These designs correspond with those on tiles from the following sites, seventeen of which are in Wilts. Stanley Abbey has ten patterns in common with Amesbury. Britford has seven patterns in common with Amesbury. St. Nicholas, Salisbury, and: Breamore. Priory have five each. Salisbury Chapter House, Great Bedwyn, and St. Margaret’s, Marlborough, have four each in common with Amesbury. The Grey Friars, Salisbury, St. John’s Isle, Salisbury; Enford; Winterbourne Earls, Wimborne Minster have three each in common with Amesbury. Old satum, Ivychurch, Clarendon Palace, Damerham, and Wanborough have one design each in common with Amesbury. There are fifteen special designs at Amesbury, not so far found elsewhere. Stanley Abbey has ten patterns in common with Amesbury. The question arises—did all the tiles come from Stanley Abbey Kiln? or LN tis Shop 250, Os ION OGIV 368 The Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts. Pirate I.—Examples of Keys on the back of Tiles. (Reproduced by permission from Sussex Arch. Coll., xxv, 33. By Frank Stevens, O.B.E., F.S.A. NSE GREAT BEDUN Cc anch © ee | \ 3 ‘> 4 LBA be os => <5 fi be +s =—-= = FBOM The house OF GULLAD ME. (job: Sx 21). Herevat allveventsiais.a tile which bears its date, 1456, as well as a long inscription and it is only 5}ins. square.
  • line of the proposed trench and dug their individual holes which were later to be joined together. That this explanation is probably the correct one was later proved by the shape of the other end of the ditch. This was regular and narrow with steeply sloping sides and represented the finally adopted design (see Section E below). At surface level the ditch varied in width from 7 feet 6 inches at the south-western end to 8 feet 6 inches but narrowed towards its centre. Warieusisections at Ay BC, D and © are figured in. Plate I1I. The bottom of the ditch varied in width from 3 inches to 7 inches and was slightly sinuous in its course. A layer of heavy flint nodules, lying _ horizontally and not conforming to the slight slope of the ground sur- face, had been pierced. This must have caused considerable trouble | originally, but fortunately the presence of this layer helped to prove | that the roughly-hewn holes on the north-west edge of the ditch were _ contemporary with the ditch itself and merely represented an abandoned | larger project. The filling of these holes consisted mainly of chalk dust | with a few unpatinated flint flakes. In the end hole at Section A a large number of shattered and unweathered flint nodules lay on the | bottom. These were of the same nature as those in the layer through | which the ditch had been pierced and it is therefore practically certain _ that on cutting through this flint layer the shattered nodules had been | thrown into the already open hole. 644 A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down. The total level of the ditch fell from the north-eastern end to the south-western, although the actual depth from the chalk surface remained practically constant. At the north-east end at Section E it was 3 feet 6 inches deep measured from the chalk surface (4 feet 6 inches from turf level), and at the south-west end 3 feet 10 inches (4 feet 10 inches from turf level). The total fall in the base of the ditch was found to be 3 feet 10 inches; in other words the ditch followed the contour of the surface. A very heavy thunderstorm fell after the com- pletion of the re-excavation and 18 inches of water collected in the south-west end. After subsidence, which was complete in about six hours, a thick layer of fine earthy silt from the washing of the sides of ~ the ditch had collected. It seems very probable therefore that if the ditch had been left open for long in rainy weather a much thicker layer of fine water borne silt would have collected at this lowerend. Actually such a layer of dark silting as was observed in the ditch excavated by Mrs. Cunnington in Yarnbury Castle Camp (W.A.M., 1933, xlvi, 199) was not present. Earthy chalk rubble alone filled the lowest layer and this did not differ from the fillmg at the higher and dimer end= & sample of the material lying on the actual base at the lower end was, however, submitted to Mr. Kennard and his report is appended. It will be seen from his report that conditions were not originally damp and this ditch was not therefore necessarily dug for drainage purposes. One can only surmise that it served some purpose at present unknown, but was connected with the living quarters in much the same way as was the similar single ditch at New Barn Down with its attendant compound. Four main layers of silting could be distinguished, but it must be noted that the lines of demarcation were not well defined. Layer 1. This was composed of turf and mould, and averaged 7 inches in thickness. In a few places this layer was quite distinct, especially at the north-eastern end, but owing to the activity of rabbits it was considerably disturbed and material and objects from the lower layers were mixed up with it. For this reason the few objects found in this layer and those in Layer 2 beneath have been grouped together in the appended relic table. Layer 2. This consisted of mould with a little chalk dust and much flint, and obviously represented a long period of turf growth. It was about 1 foot thick. As at Boscombe Down East this layer contained a large number of objects, mostly towards its base, and these are recorded in the relic table. Flint flakes and pot-boilers were very numerous and these were patinated dead white. Large numbers of round flint pebbles, possibly sling stones, were also found. A number of flint scrapers and potsherds were recovered, but notso many as might have been expected in view of its proximity to the dwelling quarters. At the south-west end at Section A (Plate III) a tip of refuse contem- porary with the dwelling quarters overlay the scooped-out hole with its chalk rubble and flint nodule filling. The tip was roughly 4 feet square and 2 feet thick, and reached to within 5 inches of the surface. It 645 LBM Is Joo Ss SUOME, ID), J21HW ‘YOU JO suojeg—]]] ALVvIg 9s61 . its JOO} JO a]/e9S Ol G a) (a) Ficran ig OieN TIKI ZAESDN oS SIS oN ra MOS | | | i . a Ny q yO HIJeYUD ee sainpou jyuily Ses aiqqns = 4JeYys a1qqns 4Jeyd Ayyseo ySNp yJeYs Ay zea foo diy asnjyos VF SNe SOlod YZIM pjnow PAW © Sai = i SEAS SS eA CORON BT aI ME Mh 646 A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down. consisted of black burnt mould, charcoal dust, pot-boilers in great quantity and other objects (see relic table). The flint scrapers and flakes were not patinated to the same degree as in Layer 2 itself, but were bluish in colour. Layer 3. Earthy chalk dust with much flint, about 1 foot thick. As at Boscombe Down, relics diminished greatly in numbers in this and Layer 4. Flint flakes were bluish in colour, and some at the lower levels were unpatinated and black. One flint knife and two scrapers (Plate VII, Nos. 16, 18, 19) were found together and touching each other. Layer 4._ Primary chalk rubble with a slight admixture of mould probably brought down by rain owing to the shallowness of the ditch. In this layer the flint flakes and other objects were black and unpatinated. The articulated pelvis, sacrum and last lumbar vertebra of a small ox lay on the bottom, and towards the top of the layer was a well-preserved and unbroken bone needle (Plate V, No. 18). One interesting sherd, which consisted of part of a rim of a pot ornamented with cord impressions (Plate V, No. 17), was also found on the base of the ditch. A section, 10. feet long by 4 feet wide, was cut through the bank (Plate III, Section D). The top was on an average 20 inches higher than the surface to the south owing to the habitation site being at a lower level (a similar falling away of the solid chalk surface towards the dwelling area was noticed at New Barn Down), and 14 inches higher than the centre of the ditch. It thus appeared higher than it actually was. The bank consisted of :— (1) Turf and mould 2 inches thick. (2) Earthy chalk dust with many flints resting on the chalk surface. This was about 12 inches thick and no old turf line was visible. GD. Clay vat aune Mildenhall Fen Late Bronze Age site (Antiquaries J., 1936, xvi, 47) was not present at the Boscombe Down enclosure, but four specimens were found at Thorny Down (Plate VI, No.6; VIE Nos. 9) 0m 22)F In Dr. Clark’s words, ‘‘ It will be seen that the angles formed by the intersection of the striking platforms and the primary flake surfaces are obtuse to a very marked'degree. . . . ‘he second featureswiniem distinguishes the type is that the edge of the striking platform opposite | the bulb of percussion has been trimmed to form a scraping edge. In some cases the end of the flake normally worked has been left untrimmed [Plate VII, Nos. 9, 10]; in others this has also been trimmed to form a scraping edge [Plate VII, No. 22].”’ It is thus clear that the type is® not of local significance to Suffolk only but can be paralleled elsewhere. The large boring tool (?) made from an elongated rounded flint nodule 4 inches long (Plate VI, No. 7) was found in Layer 2 of the ditch. One large flake has been struck from the under surface, presumably to remove the cortex,.and. both sides of the upper surface have been trimmed to a point. Although cores were fairly plentiful no other types of implement were present. Further, it 1s remarkable that no LEQ) Iho $89 So SHO, JDJ, PLatE VII.—Flint Implements from Ditch. $. 658 A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down. hammerstones were found, but it should be mentioned that a few of the round flint pebbles found possessed slight battering at certain points but not all over as is usual. The flakes varied in size down to the minutest chips and it was clear that the industry had been carried on at the site. REPORT ON THE NON-MaRINE MOLLUSCA ByieA. Ss. KENNARD AUIS) hnG.S, Samples of the soil from Layers 2, 3 and 4 of the ditch were examined and yielded the following species and individuals. Pomatias elegans (Mill.) Cochlicopa lubrica (Miill.) Gontodiscus votundatus (Miill.) Vallonia costata (Miull.) Vallonia excentrica Sterki Arion sp. 4 Helicella cellarta (Miill.) Vitrea crystallina (Mill.) Xevophila itala (Linn.) Cernuella virgata (DaCost) Candidula caperata (Mont.) Tvochulus hispidus (Linn.) 2 9 Cep@a nemoralis (Linn.) 6 1 Bones of frog or toad were represented in the material from Layer 4, obviously trapped in the ditch. The faunules of Layers 3 and 4 are practically identical, but the faunule of Layer 2 is different. The great superiority in individuals probably arises from the fact that it represents a much longer period than the two preceding ones judging from the proportion of humus. Layer 2 has also been disturbed by rabbits and their hunters. This will probably account for the presence of Cernuella virgata and Candidula caperata. All the examples of these two species look very fresh and should I think be regarded as modern intruders. The three other species which only occurred in Layer 2 are common in neighbouring deposits of the same age, and so their absence from the older layers may be considered as accidental. The faunule is practically identical with that from the Boscombe Down East enclosure, the chief difference being the total absence from Thorny Down of the common species Pupilla muscorum (Linn.); but snails have their likes and dislikes of which we have no knowledge. The sparsity of individuals in the Thorny Down material as compared with Boscombe Down East would lead one to infer that conditions at the former locality were not so favourable to the mollusca as at the latter. There is a total absence of the characteristic damp loving species so abundant in deposits of Beaker Age. One can therefore postulate dry conditions similar to those of to-day, with a rather coarse grassland and no scrub or woodland growth. dS a | | Oo — FP ew A — Dd CO W pb IB) fl. 125 Se SUOMG, ID. LEV. 659 REPORT ON THE ANIMAL BONES Sy Js Wis) J NOXSON, IDGSC.5 1 tens. From the Dwelling. Hlovse. ‘here is an imperfect lower molar of this animal. It is rather weathered and looks as if it might be extraneous From the Ditch. Pig. Of this animal there is one upper molar tooth. Sheep. Belonging to this animal are some fragments of slender limb bones, teeth and jaws; also a fragment of a large horn-core. The remains may belong to a Moufflon type of sheep. I have seen similar horn-cores from Glastonbury Lake Village and other sites. Ox. Several imperfect and slender limb-bones, and young and old BecumMmpeloneito a: small) ox ot the Celtic Shorthorn type. Whey are like others from sites of the Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, and Roman times. In addition to the above, there are some remains from the bottom of the ditch. These consists of a sacrum and smashed pelvis; the last lumbar vertebra; and the proximal end of radius. They belong to the small ox. The objects described in this paper have been deposited in the Salisbury and South Wilts Museum. A Late Bronze Age Habitation Site on Thorny Down. 660 dAOQe 99S * YOVIC fo Z pure [| sioAeT ul popnjour [Ty XO jo stajed { afpoou auog SP ON [Me IO 1910 UIP ya[90eIg 9ZUOIq JO S}UDUIBeIT syoolqQ 10410 86 OL Ge) -SuT[S) oe sorqqed WU (i Souoyzs v9 Og IéLI CE9E él LG PG I belt 8 | v1 SI 6 Be fe ee Sr loge. © x 5 Os f [Ras Go & aUoyspues sa109 FUT = = stodei9os FUT 806 SsoyeA JU 8éI1 s}Urp poeuroye) ‘HIAV], OLIGY ~AAILVAVAWOD | | | Il -u() UIC}199 9 G18 Vea ut duinp osnjayy = - sprays}og spuy ]e}OL etqqns yreyD eqqqni yyeyo-Ayqreq yuegd 7 1okeT ¢ roAeT ZT ssadeyT AH WOTIIS Z 1ohkeT 7 1okeT @ IaAeT GY 1 sxodeyT Youd BurTToOMd 661 Wii Sntke BOOKS, PAMPHEETS, AND ARTICLES, [N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor appeals to all authors and Publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in any way connected with the county, to send him copies of their works, and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally, to send him copies of articles, views, or portraits appearing in the newspapers. | Faience Beads of the British Bronze Age. By H. C. Beck, F.S.A., and J. F. 8S. Stone, D. Phil. Archeéologia, LXXXV, 203—252, 1934 (1935). This paper is an attempt to settle the age and origin of the segmented cylindrical faience beads which have occurred in so many Bronze Age barrows in Wiltshire. Of the 36 recorded sites in England and Wales, 23 are in Wiltshire, three in Dorset, two in Somerset, and two in Yorkshire. Outside Britain only three examples are recorded from Western Europe, one each in France, Holland and Spain. Of the 23 Wiltshire sites, beads from ten are preserved in the Devizes Museum. The close resemblance between these beads and those found in Egypt has been often noticed, but this is the first serious attempt to examine the problem of their identity from every point of view: ‘‘ A long series _of chemical experiments has been undertaken with the object of finding _ out how these beads were made and what materials had been employed.” Segmented beads of Roman Age have been found in large numbers at | Cold Kitchen Hill, and are here illustrated, but these on examination are | found to be of true glass and not of faience, as are also Saxon beads of | the same type. “ Very little evidence exists to suggest that glass was _made in any shape or form in this country prior to the Early Iron Age, the few spherical blue glass beads (found in connection with earlier burials) probably having been imported.”’ | The writers sum up the result of their investigations as follows :-— |“ Broadly speaking the evidence adduced falls into two opposed and apparently conflicting categories. On the one hand, distribution studies of the specific bead types found in the British Isles, combined with the apparent absence of certain of these types outside the region, weigh heavily in favour of theories of local origin, or at any rate of local manufacture of a number of the beads. Opposed to this, however, are a number of facts which point to a foreign origin. We have shown that all the British faience beads which we have examined are made of a specific material which had for many centuries been used and experimented with in Egypt, Mesopotamia and India. This material involves a knowledge of the manufacture of glass or glaze which, there is reason to believe, was completely unknown in this country prior to the Early Iron Age; no evidence exists for any such knowledge chroughout the Bronze Age. It may be objected that the very presence 662 Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. of these beads constitutes proof of such knowledge, but it must be borne in mind that all these appear almost suddenly in a fully developed state and almost as suddenly disappear. A period of growth and decline is inevitable in any industry. This particular material, faience, is adaptable to a variety of purposes—witness the many uses to which it was put in the older civilisations, such as the multitudinous bead types, amulets, Ushabti figures, and other glazed objects. Yet the only bead forms and pendants we find in Britain resemble those of the Eastern Mediterranean ; in the case of the normal segmented variety exactly, but in the star, quoit, and Scottish segmented forms only partly. As regards the peculiar distribution of the beads in Europe we have suggested the possibility that Britain may have acted as a secondary source of distribution, specific bead types having been im- ported, for barter perhaps, into the southern counties and up the Irish Channel to Ireland and’ Scotland.” =". fhe formyof thew nelish segmented beads has been considered, and one outstanding character has been shown to be the size of the perforation. In Egypt, segmented faience beads were made for a very long period and reached a peak in the XVIIIth dynasty at Tell el Amarna. Though somewhat similar outwardly, scarcely any of the many hundreds examined from Tell el Amarna and other sites have possessed the large perforation of the Wiltshire specimens, and even those that do possess this character are, with one exception, unlike the British beads in other ways. It is a very remarkable fact that only one specimen of a faience segmented bead which is identical with the Wiltshire beads has been found from any country. . . . The faience bead which appears to be similar in all respects came from a tomb at Abydos which also contained a scarab of Amenhotep III dating the bead 1412—1376 B.C. . . . The beads from Lachish (Tell Duweir) . . . are accurately dated 1200—1150 Be. =. These beads, although not identicaly resemble mune Wiltshire beads more closely than do any others that we have seen. The similarity suggests that identical beads could have been made at the site, and on this account their date becomes important. : The fact that the Lachish beads are so much later, poimts’ tomtne probability that the manufacture of such beads extended over a long period. .,. . From the results of our comparison with known and dateable beads the probable date therefore of the British beads appears to be approximately 1400 B.C. On the other hand, the date of the Lachish beads suggests that some may have arrived at a later period. This would explain why some of the objects associated with them belong to the Middle Bronze Age, whilst others appear to belong to a later period. . . . After considering all the available evidence, our opinion is that the British faience beads are of foreign manufacture, but we have been unable to prove where they were made. Some facts suggest that Egypt or Palestine was the country of origin, but we do not think that there is sufficient direct proof of this. The question of probable date has been carefully considered and, although there is not sufficient evidence in our opinion to make absolutely certain, most of Wiltshive Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 663 that which we have obtained points to about 1400 B.C. as a date when some of the beads were imported, whilst others were probably intro- duced at a later period.” The following note was added after the printing of the paper :— “The spectrographic analysis of various specimens of faience has been kindly made for us by Dr. Ritchie at the Courtauld Institute of Art. The results show that there is so great a resemblance between a Wiltshire segmented bead and one from Tel el Amarna that there can be little doubt that both were made in Egypt and are roughly of the same date.”’ The paper is a most important one, and is very fully illustrated, the whole process of the manufacture of faience articles being exactly described. The Recent Excavations at Avebury. EY Alexander KEeiller and Stuart Piggott. Antiquity, Dec. 1936, 417—427. The illustrations are a Plan of the N. part of West Kennet Avenue showing its junction with the circle; Diagram of stone holes with stake holes; Two beakers and a bowl from burials by stones; Stake holes against the rear of stone hole; Incised ornament on stone; Burial by stone hole; Stones representative of types A and B; S. part of excavated avenue after re-erection of stones; Drawing by Stukeley showing destruction of Sarsens by the fire and water process; Natives of French Guinea destroying rocks by the fire and water process ; Sherd of Early Bronze Age ‘“‘ Groove Ware ”’ from stone hole. As to the ‘“ Beckhampton Avenue,” the writers suggest that the Beckhampton standing stones “ Represent the remains of an indepen- dent stone circle with an avenue, of which Stukeley saw the remains running from it towards the Kennet. It seems very improbable that an avenue to the Avebury circles should have crossed the river as the assumed Beckhampton course would make it do.”’ The object of the excavations begun in 1934 was to establish the exact course of the avenue and if possible to arrive at a definite date for its construction. All but one of the holes in which the stones had stood were identified. The course of the avenue was found to be unexpectedly tortuous, especially as it approached the entrance to the circle, where its width became narrower and the distance between the stones shorter. The writers definitely believe that the stones were to some extent shaped and dressed. ‘‘ Actually these megaliths have been dressed, and very carefully dressed, although not, it should be noted, to the flat surface obtained at Stonehenge. Moreover there can be no question but that the stones were dressed deliberately to conform to certain shapes, and to this end stones were in the first place selected as near to the required form as possible.” They believe that there are two main types, one “‘is a tall stone con siderably higher than it is broad.’”’ In the other the most distinct examples are roughly diamond shaped. On two stones, perhaps on three, markings were found of the cup and WOllo SIONOLs BNI@)g C19. Qvale 2 ce 664 Wiltshive Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. ring type, “‘ Two well-preserved examples (illustrated) show irregular double concentric circles surrounding a pair of depressions, of which in each instance, one is a natural hole in the sarsen and the other artificially worked.’’ Burials were found close to the foot of four of the stones, two of which were accompanied by beakers of well-known type, whilst a third contained a bowl-shaped vessel (illustrated) of beaker age, apparently, but of a shape hardly paralleled elsewhere. This evidence agreed with that afforded by the beaker burial at Beckhampton Long- stones. In one of the stone holes packing blocks of chalk were found which it is suggested were probably derived from the digging of the great ditch. It thus appears that the ditch and the avenue were being constructed at the same time. The Avebury Excavations, 1908—1922. By H. St. George Gray, F.S.A. Archzologia, LXXXIV (1934), pp. 99—162. The illustrations in addition to many sections, &c., are as follows :— A very large folding plan of the whole circle showing the sites of stones and stone holes so far as they were known, and all the houses and buildings of the village existing in 1912; View looking S.E. (showing stones of the S. circle); The wooded part of the N.N.W. fosse and vallum ; The E. earthworks looking N,W.; The E. and S.E. earthworks looking N.E.; The excavation of 1909 round prostrate stone of the S. circle ; Dry stone sarsen walling in the village; Beckhampton Long- stones, stone which fell 1911 ; ‘‘ The Cove” (of N. circle showing three stones standing) from water colour by J. Browne, 1825; Silbury from Avebury, with River Kennet ; Ten views of the excavated fosse, show- ing the bottom, and sections of the silting, and the end of the fosse against the entrance causeway ; Views of the cutting through the vallum showing the ancient turf line, and the cutting across the entrance causeway ; View of the two entrance stones ; Deer horn picks, shoulder blades of ox (shovels), sherds of pottery, flint implements, and the Roman Aucissa brooch. For this full account of the excavations carried out by Mr. Gray for the British Association in the years 1908, 1909, 1911, 1914, and 1922, archeologists have been waiting for years. Mr. Gray begins with a concise account of previous excavations and their results. He dwells more particularly on the section cut through the vallum by Mr. IT. Leslie for Sir BH. B. Meux: in 1894.) Of this excavation nothing but a few notes have ever been published, and with ~ the help of Mr. Leslie’s diary such few particulars as can be recovered are given here. The fosse was dug into to the depth of 74 feet where the diggers came on a layer of hard crystalised chalk that apparently they took for the bottom of the ditch. In the vallum itself, 4 feet from the top, a number of broken deer horn picks, which it is noted had belonged to slain deer were found surrounded by chalk blocks. These picks must have been broken in digging the ditch when the vallum was thrown up from the excavated material. Wiltshive Books, Pamphlets, and Articles. 665 The total cost of the excavations here described was £475, of which the British Association contributed £175, the remainder being made up of grants from societies and private subscriptions. Some interesting measurements are given. The average diameter of the vallum from crest to crest is about 1,400 feet, and its circumference along the crest is about 4,440 feet. The depth of the ditch below the present surface of the central plateau varied considerably in the excavated sections. Its greatest depth was where it abuts against the original entrance causeway of undisturhed chalk which was 24 feet wide. Here it had a vertical depth of 352 feet below the level of the causeway, and about 554 feet below the present crest of the vallum, which must originally have been higher. Here its sides had an inclin- ation of 51° at the top and 71° at the bottom. The width of the ditch at the bottom, which in some parts was flat, and in others very irregular, varied from about 164 feet to 94 feet. The average original depth of the ditch is estimated at 314 feet, and the average height of the vallum at 18} feet. Mr. Passmore’s suggestion that the ditch may have been a moat filled from the Kennet is examined and rejected. Although at one point of the excavations the bottom of the ditch was 3? feet below the present bed of the Kennet, at others it was 64 feet above it. Moreover if it had been a wet ditch it would have shown signs of fine chalk silting at the bottom, and could never have been kept clear. In the section through the vallum the present height of the crest was 14 feet above the old turf line, in which sherds of Peterborough ware (Neolithic B) were found. The pottery is dealt with by Mr. Stuart Piggott who sums up the evidence thus :—‘‘ The occurrence of abraded fragments of Peterborough ware on the old turf line beneath the great vallum of Avebury gives absolutely unequivocal evidence of the date of the construction of the monument, more definite than the occurrence of similar sherds at comparatively high levei in the vast accumulation of silt in the ditch, but these sherds and the beaker from a similar level, all give added support to an Early Bronze Age dating.’’ This date appears to correspond with the later phase of the culture of Windmill Hill, the overlap of Neolithic B, and the Beaker Age. The flints, some of which came from the old turf line, are dealt with by Mr. J. G. D. Clark and apparently go to support the evidence of the pottery. Comparatively few animal bones were found, the most interesting being that of a dog the size of a retriever at the bottom of the ditch, and those of a large red deer, which must have stood 49 inches at the withers. The charcoal included horse chestnut and hornbeam, the latter being no longer a native of Wilts. It was closely associated with Beaker pottery. The evidence of the mollusca agreed with that of the Windmill Hill snails, with which they were probably contemporary, that the climate was considerably damper and that shrub growth prevailed. A single human skeleton was found surrounded by sarsen stones in the silting of the ditch, but without significant grave goods. ZU 666 ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY. Museum. Presented by Lt.-Cot. R. Mitt1nc : Roman Bronze Statuette of a small Male Figure (Mercury ?) ; Figure of a Cock, and a Key. Found at Ashton Keynes. Formerly in the possession of the late Vicar, the Rev. M. T. Milling. With the exception of the key these were figured in W.A.M., December, 1932, xlvi, 103 35 » Mrs. WALKER: Various objects of Bronze and Iron, Fragments of Pottery, etc., mostly from Cold Kitchen Hill, collected by the late Rev. F. G. Walker, Rector of Upton Lovel. These objects will be described in a later number of the Magazine. 5 », Mr. H. Girtiines : Obsolete Chaffcutter. » » MRE. IR! Pore, of Bedwyni The Ceremomalyyotart of the Portreeve. Constable’s or Sheriff’s Staff (George III). Beadle’s Staff (William III). The Borough Flag, of pale blue silk, fringed. Wax impress of the Seal of the Borough. All belonging to the Borough of Great Bedwyn before the Reform Act of 1832. Mr. Pole stipulates that should there ever be a Museum established at Bedwyn these things may be returned to it. Mr. Pole states that the staves were taken away from Bedwyn many years ago by Mr. Nevens Potter, of the Manor Farm, when he left the village. At his death they were sold and bought by a collector who eventually re-sold them to Mr. Pole. The flag is said to have been last flown at one of Queen Victoria’s Jubilees. The Borough Seal, of which Mr. Pole gives an impress- ion, is now in the possession of the Marquis of Ailesbury at Tottenham House. It isof silver without Hall Mark, the handle inscribed ‘‘ The Guift of the Honorable Daniel Finch, Esq:”’ surmounted by a Griffin, the borough crest. It was given to the Corporation in 1662. _ Mr. Pole also states that the Parish Chest is now in South Kensington Museum, the authorities there having bought it from a dealer. The Society is greatly indebted to Mr. Pole for his. valuable gift, and for thus safe-guarding these interest- ing relics of the ancient borough from being scattered and lost.1 1 For the history of the borough of Great Bedwyn see a paper by the Rev. John Ward, M.A., W.A.M., vi, 261; also Lewis’s Topographical History. The Borough was governed by a Portreeve, who was chosen annually at Michaelmas at the Court Leet of the Lord of the Manor. Presented Additions to Museum and Library. 667 Library. by Mr. E. R. Poe : Historical MSS. Commission, Vol. IV, a) and Part IX of the 14th Report (containing Wilts matter). J. P2 S. STONE, D.PuHit: “‘ Faience Beads of the British [MibronzeAge, by H. C: Beck and J, F. S. Stone.” (Reprint from Archeologia.) Mr. A. D. PassmMorRE: Note with Illustration in Antiquaries Journal, January, 1937, on Iron Prick Spur found near the By or Box Brook at Slaughterford. THE BEDFORDSHIRE COUNTY RECORDS SOCIETY : Wilt- shire Turnpike Act, 1799. Mr. W. A. WEBB: Typescript Copies of the Registers of Bromham. Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials, 1801 —1812. ; THE BriTISH REcoRDsS AssociATION : A large collection of old Wiltshire Deeds. Canon E. H. Gopparp: The Story of Hungerford in Berkshire, by Rev. W. H. Summers. Harold Peake, and C. Canburn. 1926, Cr. 8vo. Mr. H. Coote LAKE: Folk Lore, 1901, containing article by J. U. Powell on Folk Lore in S. Wilts. Mr. H. W. DaAaRTNELL: Amesbury Deanery Magazine and Salisbury St. Paul’s Parish Magazine, complete for 1934, 1935, 1936. THE AvuTHoRS, Mr. A. KEILLER, F.S.A., AND Mr. STUART Piccotr : ‘‘ The West Kennet Avenue, Avebury, Excavations, 1934—5.”’ Reprint from Antiquity. THE Dorset Nat. HIST. AND ARCHZOLOGICAL SOCIETY : Photographic copies of Five Estate Maps made for an ancestor (Humphrey Sturt) of Lord Alington about 1770. The copies were made at the Ordnance Offices for the Dorset Nat. Hist. and Arch. Society, and that Society has handed over those connected with Wilts to our Society, February, 1937. They include maps of Auburn Chace Farm, Auburn Chace Warren, Laynes Farm, Parish of Auburn, ‘‘ Two Livings in the Parish of Meere, Manor of Silton, Livings in the Parish of Zeals, Manor of Silton.”’ Mrs. WALKER, widow of the late Rev. F. G. Walker, sometime Rector of Upton Lovel : A collection of MS. notes and abstracts from various sources bearing on the history of Upton Lovel and its neighbourhood and the Upton family ; including lists of Rectors 1387— NBO’ walls? WOMMOS, ETI, wey, aia Wo Clyrigeln 668 Additions to Museum and Library. pedigrees (Hickmans, Moggs, Rileys) ; Corton Place name; extracts from churchwardens’ accounts includ- ing repairs to Church 1796—1877; lists of wardens, etc.; particulars of Burnett’s Alms House. Also copies of a Terrier of the Rectory, 1671, Enclosure Award Acts, 1821, 1825; and the record of Rights of Way in the parish as deposited with the Rural District Council, 1935. . Presented by British RECORD ASSOCIATION: A number of Deeds concerning property of the late Lord Northwich at Malmesbury and Westport. ,, LHE PUBLISHERS, MEssrs. GEORGE ALLEN AND UNWIN: “Roman Roads in S. E. Britain. Romance and Tragedy. By G. M. Hughes, 1936. ,, COL. STEELE AND MR. E. Cowarp: Original letters from Joseph Chamberlaine and Jesse Collings concerning Dauntsey’s School. » LHE AvuTHoR, Mr. C. R. Everett: The Genealogy of Sir W. S. Gilbert, Dramatist and Poet. Reprint from Genealogists’ Mag. , Mr. W. A. WEBB: Donation of 10s. towards purchase of The Genealogist. 669 a L 8l L6LF L 81 L6LF Gt (OlL006 Stas II ZI & qyuadsi9aaQ ysed AI}0q SsaT IT G 06 0 0 8 ‘°° JUNODDY UIeg pO; peIg 0} UOT ‘unesnyq oy} ye Arerqry oy} ul “oJ9 ‘speed 0 OL LF “* 4S09 7k 4901S UOTSIEATOD % FE ‘sydiiosnuryy oy} SsuInsoje}eDg jo jyusuAed 0 9 FBI °*° 4SOD 7eSOZCOYIZIID SSUIACS “FEN IOF P9AtgseI 9q OF SI “puny Sty} fo soueleg i @. wir 8% yueg 7e ysej—: oourleg ey} Jo yzed Buloq ‘QGT# jo wins yY—aoN ip ee Ot solipuns pue Alauorze}S ‘Ssasejsog Ty 2) Wyd ace pee SOseA\ S,Joxe}OIeD UINesny PG Cee UOTPEIOUNUIIY S,AIe}IINVS [PIOULULT OMGle Gea 0 I fe Aja190g o0ysTYolg oyL 0 6 @ UOTPETOOSSY P1OIOY, YSHMG eG L O Sf [ UOTUL) SISTTeINJeN UII}SIM\-"S OU L Oneeeele os _psniy TeEUOeN 94 L 0 0 TI SelZ0I00S ‘YoIW JO ssoIsUuoD sUTL Oe eaage uolzeloossy ,SUINESN] oy T, Orb puejsug yeiny jo UOIPLAIOSOIG OY} 1OF [IOUNOZ oY, —1! $91}9190S Iey}0 0} suoTydiiosqns OlL¢ I yso10}U] y1sodeq 0 0 008g puny suipjing winosnyy 07 JUeID 0 SII Y90}S 1eM %FE UO JsSOI10zUT OSCG) 8 6G =e es 9 L aurzvav yy oun{ ORY sy er eer = UI SUOT}P1SNI[] JO 3S09 Jo yUoWIAed ay Z 918 sloaeisuyq order Ol Ol + ——— 8 8 80I PSEMPOOM “H “OD 0 0 O€ JUNOSSY suTjo0yy [eNUUY fo souRleg —:G9T ‘ON 9uIzeseyy OT OL F WUNOdY SuToeTy Aep-ouG jo courpeg ee SOT eee pape Git 1 SyOo”g pure soulzesey[ Jo soyes 9 §1 apoomsiij0ds 2» o1kq 8 6 73 === fit. 9 sIoAeisuy o1ydery € SI 8 puny drysiequieyq ofr] Jo uotz10do1g 9 GI 66 prempooM “H “D 0 L FEE suoyditosqng ‘uUY ¥ soo,J a ee eee eR ne rn Er eae ho ey eS ue hen ees oe ee nN It SI 1 ysolojUuy yrsodeq Sie aE ole, yunosoy y1sodoq—esoureg Ot Sill woryditosqns of ]—uopoply uN “A\ OL 3) GHA ea Ee puny |V1euss “SIdIAOAN 0} Ppollojsuel} “pS “SZI L8f JO YQuez-oug AG GB- T Op, JUNOSOY EEG] WoIF soUPTeg OT, Dessay. "SINAWAVd Dee Stes GNNA dIHSYHadWaWN AAT 0 81 Z00r7 0 81 cooly OS CUO ee 0 O O0€ pun [eloue+) WO szURID ee REE SED) SPI 6 61 8I jso19}uy qsodaq OF ber oe 0 O §[ SWooYy s.1toyejJoIeD WNnssny JO JUdY s,1e94 9UG OF, Je SOVOYMIID ssulavs jeuoleEN ‘SId1GOaY 6 § €98 JUNODDY JIsodeq yUeq—ossurKTeq Ag € SI OL9 ou JUNOSOWV GEBL WoIfF 9oUeTeg OT, TB GT 2 0) Se = = OSTLNTEINAE Dessay, GNO4A ONIGTING WOASOWN 1 FI S87 i Trl Sey VAD GO Sreea ees ; | BS POT yse) Ajjeg | a 0 9 T9 JSOO }¥ S9}eO O -IJ1}.109 SSUTARS [CU0TFVN —oourleg SC € OLS peseyoind ‘930 ‘syooq Aipuns z 0 OL FI ee <, JSISOTPOUNY) ,, c JO 9S—'SOIg PIO}[E AM G2. 1 SUOYOT, S usmIsepely AIn}zUSD YILT JO sles a Verio dae SOl[IWeY [PIIOWIV SolIAed “SLdIGOda a xO SouINnjoA g—ieqIsqoM, “q “JT, Ag Il &1 8 oe JUNODOY GEG Wor sourjeg OL, SO SD eam SUUNICORON el 4 Dest A s “AINOA SAHSVHONNAd WOSASOTK ~ ee apse eat ei te eel | } 672 Z 8 OGs C2G 8 0 0 81 GZ 9G OL L Ome 48 y Gl Ge hy fh 0 LI 0 8I GL 00 Ff 6 1b € eS Pass pun, [e1ouesyy)—ueoyTy ssaT yseg A090 qunosoy ysodeq yUNODOY JUSIIND —aouK[eg “** sglIpuns pue S}eHOL] : 90ueINsUuy oly SOT}JON 8uTq4ND saredayy 9 }s010}UyT J1sodeq -*° JOHeIOICD O65. ¢ solipuns 29 ‘spre ysog ‘syorydureg jo ges aourled OF 8 8I 9 uleg 0} suorsstupy Aq ‘SINAWAVd “Deo e7 "SIdIHOTY “INQNOOOV NUvd NOAV- NO-dadoidvadad 673 IDNID IE 3G) WON PCE WAU Piumes 935, to June, 1937] Compiled by Canon E. H. Gopparp. BAS cree st, Walt. atte. (MP), 187. Abbott, Ch. (M.P.), 249. Abdy, Sir Will. (M.P.), 251. A brigge, John (M.P.), 207. Abercromby, James (M.P.), 251, 253—255. Abingdon, Montagu Earl of, High Steward of Malmesbury, 325. Ablington (Glos.), Beehive Chamber, 311. Abydos, Faience beads, 662. Abyn, John (M.P.), 210. Ae count, Ch. A. (M.P.), 254. Capt. Ed. H. (M.P.), 254, 256—258. Peirce (M.P.), 232, 234—236, 237, 239. Major Gemenyvalle (M-P.),- 238, 239) Sir Will. P. Ashe (M.P.), 243, 244, 246, 249. Acre, Joanna of, marriage, 42. Acres, Egidius de (M.P.), 206. Acworthe, Geo. (M.P.), 212. Adams, James (M.P.), 245. Adamson, Thos. (M.P.), 264. ‘Addington, Hen. (M.P.), 246—248. Addison, Joseph (M.P.), 2830—232. Rev. W. R., 85. Adye [Adey, Ady], Mr., architect, 603. Rich. (M.P.), 206. Will., 324, 502, 503. Agincourt, battle, chief persons in English Army, 449. 244, memeulture, Mr. Hosier at Wexcombe, 435. mulesbury, John, Rector. of Edington, 10, Ailesbury, Marquis of, 666. Ainsworth family, 564. Alabaster quarried at Chellaston or Tutbury, 540; Carved tab- lets from Nottingham. 464 ; Stock patterns reversed, 540, 541. Alclif, Will. (M.P.), 200. Alcock, Mrs. A., 85. Aldbourne, Barrows illust., 439. Bell Foundry, list of bells cast at, 284. Birds, 99, 100. Bronze chisel, Neolithic axes, (ron WAge pottemy~ lone Chase maps and Warren maps, 667. Church Bells, H. B. Walters on, 284; Peal boards, List of ringers 1791, small bell, 284. Laynes Farm, 667. Woodland in Domesday, 28. Alderbury, house built’ of materials from Salisbury bel- fry, 615. . Alderley, John (M.P.), 206. Aldith [Aldych], John (M.P.), 187. Aldith, d. of Wigod de Walling- ford, 553. Aldwell, Thos.,incorrect map, 335. Aldworth, Rob, (M.P.), 221. Aldwyne, Galfridus (M.P.), 184. A Legh, Radulphus (M.P.), 207. Alexander, Ch., 584. Hen. (M.P.), 248. James (M.P.), 250, 252—254, 256, 257. John D. (M.P.), 254. Josias IDs, BST. Miss M. C., 132. Mary Jane, centenarian, 562. (Cayo, Jelol. Ile, Re BL Bia, Col. The Hon. Walt. Obite. tole Alffrych, Walt. (M.P.), 179. Alington, Lord, 667. Alisaundre, Will. (M.P.), 200, 202, 203. All Cannings, 282. Cross Farm, animal bones, 66, 67, 484—486 : Pottery, 476. | Nicholas fam., 434. Allanson, ‘Che (MEPs) 233; 263. Ch. Winn. Lord A, (M.P.), 182, 251, 2v 2 674 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Allard, B., 569. Allen, Edw. (MEP), 503: Canon H. W., 6. Geo. and Unwin, gift, 668. Major G. W.G., 530 ; On earth circles near Highworth, 114—122; Air photos, 121, 288, 315, 316 ; Gifts, 164 ; Will. (alias Helyer), (MEPS) p 2s Alleyn, Arth. (M.P.), 210. Atleyme i Mlens Aly Wy all: (M.P.), 209—212. A Lye, Radulphus (M.P.), 206. Alnewyke, Will., armorial tiles, 375. Alnwick Castle, museum, Rudge cup, 557. Alomby, John (M.P.), 207. Altar Cloths, Greyfriars, Salis- bury, 53, 54. _ Altarists, ring bells, 610. Alton (Hants) Italian brooches and Egyptian scarab, 412. Alton BarnesWhite Horse, verses, 56. Alton Priors, Battle of Gewissas against Ceawlin, 147; Saxon charters, 147. Alvediston Down, barrow, Saxon burial 222: Alwyne, Rob. (M.P.), 191. Amber in Bronze Age, 625; Gold rimmed ornaments imported, 412. Amesbury, 129. Abbey, o < Vessve at, i. Brakspear on, 124; Paving Tiles, 366, 367, 378 ; described and illust., 362, 363, 367, 371— 375; where made, 374. Bead found, 267. Birds, 101. Bournham (field), 522. Butts, the, 521. Church not Monastic, H. Brakspear on, 126. Cold Harbour, 523. Constables and Bayliffs, 521. Countess Court Farm, 522; Right to drive cattle, 521. Courts Leet and Baron, by G. W. G. Hughes, 521—525. Crook Hedge, 523. Cuckolds Hill, 522. Customs of Amesbury Earls and Priors, 521—523‘ 525. Dark Lane, 522, Double Ditches, Cattle Ways, All. - Eanrksyo2d: House, NOW oon Fight in Civil War, 613. Inclosure, no act or award, 525. King’s Island; 522. Mammoth and Rhinoceros bones, 156. Marten’s Shop, 524. Measures and Watch Bills, 523, 524. Prehistoric burial, pottery, 267. Perambula- tions, bounds, 522: Priors Manor, 521. Ratfyn, dis. coveries at, and their bearing on date of Stonehenge, by J.F.S. Stone, 55-67; Circular Earthwork, 57; Greenstone Axe Hammer, 157; Pottery and Axe Hammer, 55; Farm, 522: Houses. built of chalk, 55; Milmead Pits excavated, described, 57—63; Animal’s Bones, J. W. Jackson on, 66; Charcoal, J. C. Maby on, 67; Flints, 60—63 ; Mollusca, A. S. Kennard on, 64—66; Pot boilers; 60); Pottery). staan Piggott on, 62—64 ; Scallop shell, 65. Red House Farm, 523. Townsend field, 522. Watch. bill in Salisbury Museum, inscription and illust., 526, O24. Whitnam Bank, 523. Woodland in Domes- day, 27, 28. Anchorite, supposed burial, Pur- ton, 268. Andirons, brass, 392. “Andover borough, 500. Election, 503. Andrewe, John (I & IT), 193— 197. Rob. (M.-P.), 199, 201, —203. Andrews, Herbert C., 280. Angel, And., 344. Angle Ditch, Cranborne Chase, excavated, 472, 640; Pottery, 477. Angle, Will., 346. Anglo-Saxon charters and place names, 148 ; Chronicle, historical, 631. Anjou, Margaret of, 451. Anketil, John (M.P.), 216, 260. INDEX TO Anne, Mich. de. Kt. (M.P.), 184. Annesley, Francis (M.P.), 231, Zan, 204, 263. Ansloe, Foot, 344. Ansty Down, Cattleways, 21. Anthesteria, Greek Festival, 496. PUAELOOUS- Sir, VW. Cosmo, 524. Sir Edmund, 523. Aport, John (M.P.), 207. Appelby, Alex. (M.P.), 206. Appleshaw, (Hants), Roman pewter service, 426. Apprenticeship, forms for, 356. Appulton, John (M.P.), 204. Apryce, John, 459, 465. Apse Court (Surrey), Byam family, 270. Aque Apollinares, silver goblets, 557. Arch, Rob, 325. Archeological Institute Meetings, 123. Archeology of Wilts, Intro- duction to, by Mrs.Cunnington, 2nd edition, noticed, 158. Mronarcda A. E.. 122. Archer, John (M.P.), 207. Archers in French wars, 449. Architectural Press, gift, 164, Arianta Arbustorum, 65, 299, 486, 487. Arion, sp., 65, 79, 486, 658. mnkell IN. 114; Excavation, 118, 119. W. J., Gifts, 441, ait -> Corallian rocks at West- Dunmypeemoticed 154 << Coral Reefs near Oxford,” noticed, 142; Writings, 161. Arlett, Dan, 346. Rich., 346. Armiger, Rob. (M.P.), 178. Seamimorial Families,’ by A. C. Fox Davies, 542. Armour, Helmet of Sir Thos. Arundel, Tisbury Ch., 568. Arms, Houses of MBecusants searched, 1612, B H. Cunning- ton on, 637—639. Arnold, Mr., 584. Arny, John (M.P.), 180. Arthur, P. of Wales, 448. Arundel, Lord, collector, 275. Alianora, Countess of, 452. Elon, J. ., 335. Sir Thos,, helmet at Tisbury, 568. Vicarello, VOL. ). 203: Will. (M.P.), 208. Baldry, Pet. (M.P.), 193, 195. Baldwin, Mr., 560. Rob., 341. NAIR (MED 24.855 Balfour, Alicia H., d. of Capt. Ball, Thos. (QL IE), 178. . Ballo, John, 309. Bambridge, W. S., 433. Banaster, Radulphus (M.P.), 207, 208. Banbury, 127. Banbury, Capt. Ch. Will., 546. Hon. Florence E., 546. Ered, Ud: iB: of Southam, 119 : Obit., 546. ibancrort, lsaac, 352. John, 347; (M.P.) 263. Jos., 346. “ Bandy,” game, 276. Bank, John (M.P.), 207. Bankes, Will John (M.P.), 255— MST Banks, John (M.P.), 217. Banston, alias Macey, John, 534. Sam., 533, 534. Bapton (Codford) Shorthorns, 130. _ Barbour, Rog. (M.P.), 200. Barbury Castle Camp, visited, 3. Barfield, Rich., 341. ‘Barford (Downton), 233, 240, 241, 243. 534, 535. Will. Bardney Abbey, H. Brakspear on, 126. Barett, Will. (M.P.), 208. Baring, Sir Francis (M.P.), 246. Barkeley, Edw. (M.P.), 213. Rob. (M.P.), 215. Barking, Abbot of, 317. Barker, Edw. (M.P.), 215. Sam. (M.P.), 229, 230. Barley chumper given, 441. Barleys axe van aw Ge Situs yo lel: writings, 303. Barnebe, Jeronimo, 383. Barnard, Humphrey, 341. Barne, Will. (M.P.), 211. Barnevyle, Will. (M.P.), 208. Barnes, Fras., 341. John, 396. O. H., 310. Baron, Edw. (M.P.), 208. ache (Mera er2 0.68 Rob. (M.P.), 179. Thos. (M.P.), 207. Barré, Isaac (M.P.), 241—243. Barrett, John, 534. Sam., 534. Will., 342, 533. - Barrington, Bp. Shute destroyed belfry in Close, 615; Levelled cemetery round Cathedral, 139; S.of Viscount Barrington, 462 ; Supported Wyatt’s alterations, 462. Barrows, in ‘““Ancient Burial Mounds of England,’’ Avebury and Marlborough Downs, 439 ; Cranborne Chase and Wood- yates, 439; Salisbury Plain, 439, 440. Number in Eng- land, 439; In Wilts, 406. Bell and Disc Barrows confined to Wessex, 439. Bronze Age in S. Wilts, 22. Disc Barrows, 114. Long Barrows, distri- bution, 618; Neolithic, 278, 623 ; Number of in Wilts, 623; Wayland’s Smithy and Berks Downs, 439. Pond Barrows, G. M. Young on, 496—498 ; Habitation circles, 439. Roman Barrows beside roads, 407. Barrymore, Rich., Earl of (M.P.), 246. Bartelot, Thos. (M.P.), 204. Bartlow Hills, Roman enamel vessel, 558. Barton-on-Humber Church, Saxon tower for bells, 608. Barton, Nath. (M.P.), 254. Baselen, Will. (M.P.), 210. Baseley, Will. (M.P.), 211. Basildon Park, sheep and cattle, 131. 678 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Basing House (Hants), pavement tiles, 364. Baskerville, Thos., 638. Basques of Neolithic type, 623. Bassett, James (M.P.), 210. Will., 356. Basterd muskets, 637. Basyng, Edw. (M.P.), 2085. Will. (M.P.), 206. Bateman, Thos. (M.P.), 211. Bates, F. E., 296. Pras. jis, obit., 296. Bath Abbey, 127. Bishopric, One River, 434. Roman, 629. Victoria Park opened, 151. Bathampton, Little [Wylye], DOS: Birds, (10. Bathurst, Peter, 231, 235, 263, Batt, Chr., founds Salisbury, U.S.A., 389. Alice, 389. ISBNS, IOV, JE So, O° IOI Gi Wilts Arms,’ 286. Battle Abbey, restoration by H. Brakspear, 123, 127. Battlesbury Camp, iron sword, 285. Bawdewyn, John (M.P.), 209. Bayham Abbey (Sussex), tiles, 376. Bayliffe, Hen. (M.P.), 213. John (M.P.), 216. Bayley [Baylie, Bayly], Edw., 342. Fe leing, (UME JE.)), 271183. Jane, 273. John (I and IJ), 342. Nath. (M.P.), 241. Thos., 356. Vallee 4aline (M.P.), 199, 212. Baynard, Edw. (M.P.), 212. Phil (MEP.), 206. Mary, d. Of “Sin “Robi 501. Rob. (M.P.), 207, 213. Bayneham, Rob. (M.P.), 260. Bayntun [Bainton], And. (M.P.), 210, 211. Edw. (M.P.), 212, 219—221, 223—230, 263. Sir Edw. (M.P.), 209, 212, 214, 216—219, 223, 224. Hen. (M.P.), 213—215, 222, 225, 226, 261. Sir Hen. founds Brom- ham Almshouse, 565. John (M.P.), 203—205, 344. Nich. (M.P.), 226. Baynton-Rolt, Edw. (M P.), 235 —238. Bazley, Miss, schoolat Salisbury, 403. Beach family, 398. Thos. and Will., 398. Will. Hicks (M.P.), 251. Beachy Head downs, 620. Beads, Faience segmented, cylin- drical in Bronze Age barrows, origin and method of manu- facture, list of examples, 661, 662. Egyptian ? 412, 662. Segmented and star shaped, Scotland, 662. Cylindrical segmented of glass, Roman, 660, 662. Beaker Age, date of, 624 ; damper climate, 487. ‘Beaker folk, dogs and cattle, 278. First buried then burned the dead, 626. In Spain, Brittany and Scandinavia, 624. Migration from Rhine, 619, 624. Beale, liz, Rhos devorshhost bs 546. Bear bones at Amesbury, 61, 66. Bearcrop, Edw. (M.P.), 244. Beare, Hen., 343. John, 340, 344. Bears, John, 340. Beaubec, Abbot of, 360. Beauboys, arms, 280. Beauchamp, Bp. Rich., 46, 461, 610, 613. Lord (M.P.), 216. Minnie, d. of Wall., 549. Will. (M.P.), 204. Beaufort, Duke of, 544. Thos., Duke of Exeter, 451. Beaulieu Abbey, H. Brakspear on, 124; Paving tiles, 364. Beavers in Britain, 621. Beck, H. C., on Faience beads, 267, 661. Beckford, Julines (MP.)) 2333 239. Will., Bibliography of, by G.Chapmanand J. Hodgkin, noticed, 153: M.P., 245, 250) 252, 253 ; Portraits, described, 154. Beckinson, John (M.P.), 210. Beckhampton, see Avebury. Beckot [Becot], John (M.P.), 200. Rob. (M.P.), 199. INDEX LO VOk. Xvi 679 Bede bought Bell, 608. Bediord,- John, Duke of, in France, 450, 451, 457. Bedfordshire County Records Soc., gift, 667. Bedwyn, Great, 226. Borough, Court Leet and portreeve, 666 ; Flag, 666; Seal, 666; Staves of Beadle, Constable and Portreeve 666; Church, chest atS. Kensington, 666 ; Paving ileseO2.-o0o, 300, 367, 369. History of, noticed, 566. M.P.’s, list of, 177—264. Registers, part bound with Froxfield Reg., 303. Wood- land in Domesday, 28. Beechingstoke, 130. Beke, Eliz., 639. Bekensall [Beckinsale, Becken- saw], John (M.P.), 210, 211. Belbe, Radulphus (M.P.), 178. Belejambe, Rich. (M.P.), 180, 182. ' Bell, Will., 354. Bello Bosco (Beauchamp), Alice, d. of John de, 280. Bells, Church, change ringing mecuhar to Britain, 610; “Rings ’’ of in Saxon Churches ? 608. Bemerton, Birds, 112. Bencroft Farm, 161. Benfield, Paul (M.P.), 243, 245. Benger, John (M.P.), 201, 205, 207. Benett, Chr., 385. John (M.P.), 213, 214, 253—257, 533— 535. Peereter * (MP), 190. Thos. (M.P.), 219, 224—227, 253. WWYSUIL, (UMETes)iy 4, Mebennett Bros., gift, 571. Canon, 143. Major Cecil G:, obit., 133, 134. E. Grove, 133. ‘knoss 593= Dre Ehos., monument, Cadaver, 460. Will., 210. Bentham, Rob. (M.P.), 205. Bentinck, Ld. George (M.P.), 238. Bentley Wood, 27. Berenger, Ingelram (M.P.), 182, 184. Berges, Rob. de (M.P.), 183, 189. VOL, XLVII. NO. CLXVI. Bergh., Walt. (M.P.), 206. Walt, atte, 43. Berkeley family arms, 280. Alianora, d. of Sir John, 452. Sindy Chea (VPA 223. Sibe (Glour,, Ald, 2S, W283 Sir John (M.P.), 199, 219, 226. Marg., d. of John, 280. Sir Maurice (MEP) i 2: Berkenhead, John (M.P.), 223. Berks Arch. Soc. at Devizes, 492. Berkshire Book of Song, 442. Berry Town, 220, 222. Bertie, Hen. (M.P.), 229—232, 262. James (M.P.), 233, 234. Peregrine (M.P.), 226—230, 237—240, 262. Willoughby [M.P. ?], 263. Berwick St. James, Birds, 91, 109. Berwick 25t. john, 338. Common rights, Royal En- croachment, 3305. Manor bought by E. of Salisbury, 336, 337 ; Held by Abbess of Wilton, 335. Munday’s Pond in A.S. Charters, 339. Ponds at Waterstreet, 338. Rushmore and Staplefoot Lodges and walks, 336, 337. Berwyke, Gilbert de (M.P.), 185, 188—190. John (M.P.), 209. Will. de (M.P.), 185. Bettenharn, Hen. (M.P.), 202. Beversbrook, 342. Bexley Heath, flint implements, 70. Beymenstr’, Rich. de (M.P.), 183. Biddesden (Ludgershall), 226, 234. Biddestone, Birds, 100. 401. Churches (2), H. Brakspear on, 124. Bigge family, recusants, 637. Bigham, Lady Katherine, W. of Hone Edw, 423. Bikeleswade, Nich. de (M.P.),185. Bilbury Camp, 20. Bilkemore, Rob. de (M.P.), 187. Billett, Anth., 341. Billing, Bartrum, 52. Bindon Abbey (Dors.), tiles made at, 361. ; Bing, Sir Geo. (M.P.), 230. Bingham, Bp.,tomb in Cathedral, 456. 2 WwW 680 INDEX TO Birch aoOse (VERA) Zoo Birchington (semi) leironyze hoard and pottery, 478. Bird, Jobn (M.P.), 200. Birds, songs of, 86. Trinom- inal system explained, 86. ° Birinus, St.,in the Thames valley, ~ 146, 147. Birstingl, Ch., 637. Bishop [Bysshopp], John, 342, 343) (MoP A 1822 Hedley, 521. Nich, 523: Will. (M.P.), 201. Bishops Cannings, Coate, height of, 591. Horton, 590. Property of Walt. Maltravers and Rich. de Heriet, 334. Public house token, 570. Bishopstone (S.Wilts), Birds, 112. Church, founder’s tomb annexe, 4; Visited, 4. Well affected by Messines explosion, 545. Bisse, Steph. (M.P.), 232. Bithwey, Rob. (M.P.), 209. Bitterlesh, |Syterleghi, ~ John (M.P.), 193—198. Bitterns, item at Royal Feast, 565. Nesting in Wilts ? 106. Blackbird, pied and white, 100. Nest in well, 100. Black Cap, 88; Decreasing, 99. Blackere [Blecchere], Roger le, 180, 181. Blacking Wey tie key 609) On Sherborne House, Salisbury, 400, 401. Blackland, ratepayers, 1695, 342. Blackmore Forest, 28. Blackmore, H. P., 285. Blackstone, Will. (M.P.), 239, 240. Blackwell, Sir Lambert (M.P.), 231. Bladworth, Mr., 285. Blake [Blaake], Hen., 343 ; ( 227—229. John, 82; ( 194, 196, 200. Rob. (M.1 , 201. Steph., 340, 344. Will. (M.P.), 218, 264. Blanchard, Pdw. 522: Bland, Sir John (M.P.), 238. . Blandford to Shaston Road, 337. Blandford, James, 533, 534. Blankpayne, Will.(M.P.), 197, 198. VOL. XLVII. Blathwayt, Rev. F. L., 85. Blayney, Phos: Ay ord (Mors, 249. Blisse, Edw. (M.P.), 217. Blois, Bp. Hen. of, tomb at Win- chester, 456. Blount, Michael (M.P.), 212. Thos. (M.P.), 198. Blunsdon Castle Hill, Civil War tradition, 115. - Blunsdon St. Andrews, Ashmead Brake, earth circles, 113, 121. Burytown Farm, 435; Hartline rcincle mally Bushey Mead, earth circles, 116. Blunsdon St. Leonards, 435. Bluntesden, Hen. de, 391. Boar, Sus scrofa and S. vittatus, 621, 622. Bochard, Johny Spicer =(MaRaF 196. Walt. (M.P.), 184. Bockland, John de (M.P.), 189. Maurice (M.P.), 223—227. Walt. (M.P.), 223, 262. Boddington, Geo. (M.P.), 262. Bodenham [Bodnam] _ Cecilia, Prioress of Kington and Abbess Of Waltonmas27-ocs: Hen. CMEIE Se Bil, PIL. Bodere, Thos. le (M.P.), 179. Bodley and Garner, painted roofs, 318. Bodman, Humph. (I and II), 340. thos 343. Bodyguard, Royal, 128. Bohun, Humph. de, III, Charter to Monkton Farleigh, 276. Bokyngham, John (M.P.), 209. Boldero, Hen. G. (M.P.), 257. Boleford, Thos. (M.P.), 196. Boles’ Barrow, blue stone and sarsen at Heytesbury and Salisbury Museum, 267. No proof of Neolithic date, 141. Bollenham, John (M.P.), 199. Bond, Col. E. Z., 80. Bonde family, 157, 158. Karin, 158. Philly ose Thos. (M.P.), 199. Bone needle, Thorney Down, 646, 654. Boner, Thos. (M.P.), 201. Bonham family, 442. Hold Hazelbury, 556. John owned INDI “AO AOE, - SDN AUG, 681 Eimmiser (Dors,), 555; M-P., 184, 203 ; Of Wishford, 556 ; Sir John, Sheriff, 556. Nich. de (M.P ), 190, 192—195. Thos. of Wishford, legend of seven aiaspirem, ooo ; (MOP .), 199. Bonhommes, order of, costume, eve i, Brakspear on; 12 ; Monks or Friars ?, 13, 14. iBewt (2 Bout), Hen: le (M-P.), 194. Rob. le (M.P.), 194. Boone, Dan. (M.P.), 235. Booth, Geo. (M.P.), 226 John, 395. Edw. W. (M.P.), 246. Bordeaux, Alabaster tablet, 541. Boreford, Thos.(M.P.), 194—197. Boreland Hill (Lake), 152. Bborenius, Dr. Lancred, -. 367: Arranges picture exhib., 559; Excavations at Clarendon, 316, 491; Reads paper on Claren- don, 5. Bos longifrons, 585; Bones in Long Barrows, 585, 586; In Early Iron Age, 300. Bos primigenius, bones in barrows, 585; Domesticated at Ave- bury, Ss; Extinct in Bronze Age, 586; Horns at Cherhill and Newbury, 583, 586. Boscawen, Hon. Anne, 425 Boscombe, birds, 110. Boscombe Down East, angle ditch excavated, 468 —470; Early Bronze Age flints and polished stone axe, 480. Beaker dwelling pit, 470, 474, 475, 488; Flint scrapers, 475, 480, 483; Pottery, 475. Ditches of Deverel-Rimbury date, 488; Sheep and goat bones, 470. . Enclosure, by J. F. S. Stone, 466-489 ; Ditch of Enclosure with cause- ways excavated, 470, 471 ; Late Bronze Age, 488 ; Excavations by J. F.S. Stone, 491, 644, 646 ; Flints from, 481, 482, 654, 656 ; Mollusca, A. S. Kennard on, 486, 658 ; Pottery, Late Bronze Age, globular urns, &c., 476, 478, 479, 648, 652 ; Ditch, 466 ; Rubbish heap, pot boilers, 474. Boteler, Hen) (Mee) 20a: Phil le (M_P.), 178. Botes, Gilbert de (M.P.), 187. Botreaux, Marg., 457. Will. (M.P.), 203 ; Bequests to Grey- omiehes, 27 Bothe (—) (M.P.), 206. Rob. (M.P.), 207. Bottenham, Agnes founds Trinity Hospital, Salisbury, 291. Hen. (M.P.), 202. Boucher, Mr., 567. Thos. (M.P.), 229), 233) Boughten (Ches.), 354. Bougies, John (M.P.), 194. Bourne river and valley, 514, 588, 590. Bourne, Mr., 343. Bourne, Anna, d. of Felix, 134. Jobn (MEP). 196: Samees4op Bout, Hen.le(M.P.), 194, 196. Rob. le, 191—193. See also Bont. Bouverie, Hon. Mrs., 494. Barth. (M.P.), 246, 249, 250, 253, 256. Chearlen= (MEPs), 202. Duncombe Pleydel (M.P.), 249, 256, 257. Edw. (M.P.), 239, 240, 241, 248, 264. Jacob P. Viscount Folkes- stone (M.P.), 240. Sir Jacob (M.P.), 236. Pom LE, (Me), 258. Will. (M.P.), 237, 238. Will. Hen. (M.P.), 241, 243 AS DAU. Bowden Park, 232, 233. Bowden, Will. (M.P.), 205. Bower, Rob., 214, 390. Bowerchalke, Birds, 110. Bowers, Mr., 417. Bowman,Seymour(M.P.),221,261. Bowood Heronry, 106. In Pewsham Forest, 32. Mausoleum, 422. Orangery, 159. Park, 424. Bowyer, Sir Geo. (M.P.), 251. Box, 226, 244, 435: Arms, 280. Becket’s Well, 347, 349. Blind House repair, 346. Bolwell’s Place, 555. Bought by Sir G. Speke, 556. ISIROOl DNA. Chapel of St. David, 554. Chapel 2w 2 682 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Plaister, 1790, and sign of bell, 553. Church, 639; Archi- tecture, Sir H. Brakspear on, 124; Burials in, forbidden, 348 ; Dedication changed ? 554 ; Dog whipping, 348; Earth round foundations dug out, 348 ; Illustrations, 1790, 1796, 553, 556. Church selousews47— 348. Churchwardens’ Accts., 1747, 348, 349. Churchyard limes cut, 347; Stone coffins from Hazelbury, 555. Fire engine in Church, 347. Foxes paid for, average number, 1724 —1770, 348, 350. Goal and Marshalsea money, 347. Hatt, barrows of three kings’ legend, 175. Hulkbeare, 555. Kingsdown, 553. Oak boughs for May 29th, 348, 349. @verseens: accts:,, poor 1eE- lief, 345. Parish Records, by A. Shaw Mellor, 346 —357. Pauper removed Cheshire to Box, 1755, order in full, 353 — 355. Poor House and Small Pox House, 345, 346. Pot found, 311. Revel Sun- day, riots, 1822, 350, 351 ; Dis- order and suppression, 1865, 346, 347, 351. Ringers’ pay- ments, 347, 348. Roman villa excavated by H. Brak- spear, 123, 125. Sparrows paid for, 349. Stocks re- paired, 347. Terrier, 347. Vermin paid for, 350. Wadswick granted to Monkton Farleigh, 554. Warnecliffe [Wornechiff], 555. See also Chapel Plaister, Hazelbury. Boxe, Joan, dof Joh de, 280: John (MEP:), 194. Vhos., 459, 465. Boyer, Simon (M.P.), 212. “Boys and Music,” by J. W: Ivimey, noticed, 432, 433. Boys; J: ©, 285: Boyter, Jos., 399. Boyton and Corton, bequest to, 273. Boyton, Thos. (M.P.), 194. Will. (M.P.), 199. ; Bracher, James, 534. Braden (Braydon) Forest, in Domesday, | 275 23) 7 oll Lands of Glastonbury Abbey given to Penn, 304. Pond, birds, 107, 108. Rights of Brokenborough, 27. : Bradenstoke Priory, 159. Isl. Brakspear on, 124—126. Before and after destruction, illusts., 553. Built of Hazel- bury stone, 556. Excava- tions, 126. Interments found, 286. Paving tiles, 362. Bradenstok, John de (M.P.), 185. Bradford-on-Avon, Abbey House, Medizval stone drain, 491. Barn, 155, 495 ; Accounts, 167, 445, 491; Electric light sug- gested, 316; Farm implements, obsolete, preserved, 315, 316; H. Brakspear on, 126 ; Repairs, 314, 315, 445: Sheriff's coach Bye, ey Ol Barton Bridge, 155. Bridge (Town), Chapel on, 155, 159 ; H. Brakspear on, 126. ““Bradtoxd amc) sats Churches,” by Canon W- ie Clarke, noticed, f55. ~“Churchy glass, Flemish, date of, 155. Reredos in N. wall, 155. Church House, old, 155. Leigh louse, 295: Public lognsos, 26). MPs, list om 1295-8327 hi —=204e River, 434. Saxon C@hurel 159; Built of Hazelbury stone, 556; Dateof, 155. Secondary School endowment, 296. Swineherds in Domesday, 28. Tory Chapel, 155. Bradford, Rev. B. W., gifts, 162. Bradley, North, advowson given to Edington, 8, 11. Smug- gling, 24. Witch Pit Wood, Anabaptists’ meeting place, 560. . Bradley. Hens (Marsa 20s John (M.P ), 203. Brakspear, Sir Harold, 315, 317, 360, 877; As guide, 5, 415; On architecture of Churches, 595—607 ; On Britford Ch., 5; TNDEX TO) VOl. SEV I. 683 On Edington Monastery, 1— 19; On Figheldean Ch., 605, 606; On Netheravon Ch., 606, 607; Excavates Monasteries, Pao eeresident .of W.A- Soc., SG: Restores Hazelbury Manor, 556; Work of Church restoration, 123; Obit. with list of writings, 123—127. itarold (il), 123. Oswald S., 128 ; gift, 595. Will. H., 123. Bramber (Sussex) Borough, 500 ; Election, 503. Brambling, 90, 94. Branden, 337. Brasfield, Mr., 523. Bratton Camp, 159; Breach in bank by, flood, 539, 540; Early Iron Age, 439. Geology, 589. Braughing (Herts), Roman enamel cup, 358. : Braundeston | Braundeclon], John de, 177—180. Breamore, 226, 227. Church, Saxon work, 6, 606. House visited, 6. Priory, tiles, 367 ; Swine in the King’s Forest, 26. Breast Plough, given, 16], 491. iIBrecknock, Geo. C. Pratt (M.P.), 255. Bremesgrove, Will. (M.P.), 203. Bremhill, registers copied, 492. Wick Hill, Maud Heath’s monument repaired, 562. Brente, John, 611; Sir John, 384. Brentnall, H. C., 576; Gift, 513 ; On Marlborough Castle, 543 ; President of W.A. Soc., 492. isnette, Thos: (M.P.), 216. —- Brettenham Park (Suff.), 546. Brewer, Dr., 346. Dr. D., 494. Brickell, John, 535. Brickworth, 227 ; Owned by Eyre family, 298. Bridgeman, Sir Orlando (M.P.), 232. Bridger, Rev. E.-V., gift, 442. Bridges, Hen. (M.P.), 209. peeph 346. Sir Rich: (M P.), 209, 211. aicport, Thos. de, house in Salisbury Close, 391. Brigg, Will. (M.P.), 206. Brighampton, Thos.de(M.P.),191. Brigges [Briggys], John (M.P.), 208. Fiche: (MEP) 203: Bright family, connected with Lyneham and Christian Mal- ford, 152. Brightmerston, Steph. de (M.P.), 179, 180. Brightwy, Galfridus (M.P.), 180. Brimsden, Hen., 566. Brinkworth Church, bell, 296; Restoration, cost of, 296. Pauper emigrants, I5l. Rectors, 296. Brisingham, Hugh of, Greyfriar, 39, 40, 41. Bristol, Avon, 434. Callow Hill Street, derivation, 304. Cannynge’s House, tiles, 377. Sts | Mairyish aixedely fie, Church,;-H. Brakspear on, 127. And: Glos: Arch: Soc. at Devizes, 492. Bristolha, Will. de (M.P.), 183. Britford, 147. Birds, 91, 92, 95, 97, 100, 103— 110, 112, 113. Church, Saxon arch in N. wall open, illust., 5; Inner 5S. door Saxon? 5; Tiles, 365— 367; Visited, 5. Woodland Ot, 21. Brit. Record Assoc., gifts, 164, 312, 327, 442, 667, 668. Brit. Museum, objects, 541. Broad Chalke Church, visited, 5. Old Rectory garden, visited, 5, Broad Town, 298. 423. Brocas, Bernard (M.P.), 197. Brockwell, Wingfield, 593. Brodribb, Hen., 403. Brokenborough, woodland in Domesday, 27, 28. Brome, Capt., gift, 315. Rich., 343. Bromham, almhouses founded by Sir Hen. Bayntun, 565. Register copied, 667. Bromley, John (M.P.), 202—204. W., 354. Bronze Age, date of, 624. Habitation, see Winterbourne Gunner. Ritual for evoking spirits, 496. Charity, 684 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Bronze Age, Late, dry climate, ~ 487, 658. Cattle kraals, 640. Rise of warlike spirit, 625. Urnfield culture, 625. Bronze Age, Middle,dampclimate, 300. Bronze casting, invention of, 625. Implements, bartered, 625. Bracelet, Thorny Down, 651, 653, 654. Dagger, Ash- ton Keynes, 281. Palstave, Edington Burtle (Som.), 653. Double looped, West Buckland (Som.), age of, 653. Swords, leaf-shaped, date of, 627, 628; Figsbury Rings, 654. Torques, Edington and W. Buckland, 653 ; Age of, 653. Brook House, 556. Brooke, Ch. (M.P.), 251, 204. John (MEPs), 2 10Es Sig yjolhi (Mee) ide Brooks, Ann, 340. Anthony, 341, 343. Kath., 341. Mary, 341. Brounker [Bronker, Brunker, Brouncker), Hen. (M.P.), 212 == AN Will. (M.P.), 212— 214, 221. Brougham, James (M.P.), 297, 258. Broun, Thos. (M.P.), 205, 206. Browne, Capt., gift, 161. Mrs., 341. Rev. A. L, ‘Lord Halifax and the Malmesbury Election, 1701, 1 Letters, 500—503. Anthony (M.P.), 210. Benedict, 341, 344. Ch., 348. Dorcus, 342. Bp. G. Forrest, 123. F, J., gift, 164. J., sketch of Avebury, 664. John, willof, 46; (M.P.), 204. Rich. (M.P.), 222, 342, Will., 342, 344, 346, 347. Bruce, Charles, Lord (M.P.), 230, 2 Sile Ch. Brudenel, Ld. (M.P.), 246, 248, 249, 251. Geo., Will., F., Ld. B. (M.P.), 255. James (M.P.), 230,246. Rob. (M.P.), 229, 231—233. Thos., Lord B. (M.P.), 224, 225 ; Major-Gen. Thos. (M.P.), 245, 246. Brudenel, James (M.P.), 240, 241. James), ©, di (MR), 253) 254, 255, John Montagu, Ud. (MPa), 2398 Roby (MaRS) 238—-240, 246. Brugis [Brugges], Will. (M.P.), 205, 212. Bruninge|Brynyng], Rich.(M.P.), mA ‘“* Brunswick, Ch. Will. Ferd., Duke of; by Ede ritziawnce, 290}. Brut-- johnei viErs) e200: Thos. (M.P.), 191. Bryd, John (M.P.), 195, 200, 202, 204. Brydges, Gray (M.P.), 214. Brygge, Will. (M.P.), 205. Bryght, Rich. (M.P.), 203. Bryghtwy, Will. (M.P.), 183. Bryn Celli Dhu, ox bones, 485. Buchanan, Rev Alfred, 150. Buck, Sam. and Nath., views, 289. Buckden [Bugden], site of, 338, 339. Buckholt Woods, 28. Buckler, John, drawings, 400. Buckland (Berks), advowson and title given to Edington, 8, II, 12. Buckland, West (Som.), bronze bracelet, 653. Bucklond, John (M.P.), 21 Budesthorn, John (M.P.), Bukedon, 337. Bulford, 514. Birds, 96, 101, 104, 105, 109, 110. Bulkeley, Ch., tenant of Grey- friars, Salisbury, 47, 49; Sheriff, 50. Bulkington, Manor and _ tithes . given to Edington, 16. Bulkington [Bukynton], Thos., effigy at Edington, 16. . Bull, Dan. (M-P.); 239: Merkes, 340. Will. 345. Bullfinch, increasing, 94. Buller, Sir Redvers, 128. Bulwer, Hen. Lytton (M.P.), 257. Bunday, Sam., 022. Bundy, Mr., 523. Bungay, Thos., 39. Bunkere, Rich. (M.P.), 198. l 197. Will., 524. INDEX TO VOL. XLVI. 685 ipant, Hen. (M.P.), 198. iBurbach, John (M.P.), 193. Ixob, de (MEP); 187. Burbage, Sudden Farm, deriva- mon 498 > “Earth circle ex- cavated, A. D. Passmore on, 288; Meeting place of hundred ? 496, 497. Burchell, Rob , 342. Burcombe, St. John’s Hospital, Prior of, 546. Burderop, Birds, 111. Burel, Will. (M.P.), 186. Burforde, Thos. (M.P.), 197, 198. Burgess [Burgeys, Burges], Rev. Cab obit. 551. James, 603. NVaililise (VIE espa liia Burgh, Eliz. de, Lady of Clare, 4°. Burghill, Thos. (M.P.), 206. Burke, Will. (M.P.), 239, 240. Burle, John de (M.P.), 177, 178. Burlegh, John (M.P.), 206. Burmester, Capt., carving at Shefford, 319. Burnel, Rob , 40. immnet, 8p. Gilbert, founds Theolog. Coll., 301. Burnham Abbey (Bucks), H. Brakspear on, 124. Burras, A. E., 85. Burrell, Sir Merrick (M.P.), 242. Burrow, Mrs, gift, 441. Burry, Hen. (M.P.), 184. Burt, Thos., 534. Burthamus, John, Friar, 48, 52. Burton, Fras. (M.P.), 243. John, 533, 534. Rich., Vicar of Hannington, 309. Bury Court, 220. Bury Wood Camp, Colerne, E. H. Downman on, 505, 506 A. Shaw Mellor on, plan, 504 —512. Accounts of, by Aubrey, Hoare, Scrope, &c., 504, 505. Construction, method, 509. Entrances described, 507, 508, 510. Enclosure, rectangular inside, 506, 510, 511. Early Iron Age, 511. Habitation site, OT. Internal fosse, 510. Neolithic ? flints, 511. Plan, O.S., 506. Bush, F. A., 418. Paul, Rector of Edington, 13. Will., does penance, 272. Bussel, Mrs., 281. Bustards, Great, Salisbury Museum, 149. Butcher, Thos., 309. Butler, Miss, restores Avebury screen, 282. Alice C., on Sherston Church, noticed, 155. Dr. Werner, 475. Butt, Will., 344. Button, Francis (M.P.), 213. Sir Will. (M.P.), 209, 218. Buxton, John J. (M.P.), 251, 253, 954257: Sir kes (vePA: 246, 248. Buzzard, nesting, 86, 105, 106. By or Box brook, 667. Byam family, Gainsborough por- trait Oe Oi: Byde, John (M.P.), 203. Byliyntre, Will. (M.P.), 200. Cabelifixichs (MEP); 212. Dr. Will. founds Warmiunster, U.S.A , 568. Cachecote, Rich. (M.P.), 194. Cadle (Widow), 343. Cadnam, 213. Calcraft, John (M.P.), 239. Calf weaner, given, 441. Caliver, 637. Calley, Thos. (M.P.), 252, 257. Callowhill, Hannah, 304. Calne, Bear Inn, 1695, 340. Castle St., 1695, 341. Birds, 100. Cowedg, 1695, Rate- payers, 344. Church. archi-= tecture, H. Brakspear on, 125; Rate for Repair of, 1695, List of Ratepayers, copied by C. R. Everett, 340—344; Roof, H. Brakspear on, 126. Church Street, 1695, 341. Cozen St., 1695, 341. Crown Inn, 1695, 341. Eastman St., 1695, 342. Geology, 142. M.P.’s, List of, 1295—18832, 177—2€4. Longclose, 340. Mill, 1695, 341. Morti- mer’s, 340. Pattonden Ste 1695, 341. Pigeon Close, 1695, 341. Quemerford, Ratepayers, 1695, 342. 686 INDEX TO River, 434. Stock, Rate- payers, 1695, 343. Stockley, Ratepayers, 1695, 343. Secondary School, 295. Studley, Conigre, 344; Long- dom Mead, 344; Ratepayers, 1695, 344; The Swerns, 344. White Hart, 1695, 340. Whetham, Ratepayers, 1695, 343. Whitley Lock Hill, Ratepayers, 1695, 343. Calston, Thos. (M.P.), 199. Calstone and Blackland, Customs of Manors, 424. Church, Gros Slalos. Y7 7, Horns of Urus, (error), 583. Mill, 1695, 342. Ratepayers, 1695, 342. Calthorpe, Ath) Gy (Mera 25a; Fred G. (M.P.), 253, 255. Hen.- (M.P-), - 236 James (M.P.), 238, Reynolds (M.P.), 227, 228, 230—233, 262, 263. Calvert, John (M.P.), 242. Sir Will. (M P.) 238. Cambridge, Franciscans, 39. Cameliord, Ud) Gihos. Ritt), 243) Camoys, Ld., 449. Camps, Contour and Promontory, 511. Connected by roads, 20. Early Iron Age, 20. Canberga Church given to Lewes, 276. Candidula caperata, 658. Canevacer, Will. le (M.P ), 180. Canis palustris, 78 Canning, Stratford (M.P.), 256. Cannock Chase, Rich., forester of, 554. Canterbury Cathedral, Francis- can lectures, 38, 39. Grey- friars, 36, 38. Cantilupe [Cauntelow], Rob. de (M Pe; Ass: Canynges, John (M.P.), 198. Caperugg, Gilbert de (M.P.), 182. Carberry, Geo. Wd.« (MP*), 233) 234, 265. Card, Rob., 341. Cardemaker [Gardemaker], Rich. (M.P.), 196—199. Cathampton, Hs Py wurtrellay of (MPs) y Zoli 2535200 Carleton, Anth. (M.P.), 212. VOL. XLVII. Carlisle, Earl of, 293. Carpenter, Ancehdeacon tela obit., 546, 547. . Canc Miss (63 Carrion Crow, eggs of, 91. Carter’s perquisites, straw, &c., 303. Carter, Edw., 34l. (M.P.), 182. Cary [Carye], Sir Edmund (M_P.), Daly John (M.P.), 198. Thos. (M.P.), 216 Carychium minimum, 64, 78, 486. Case neue . Castelcombe, John(M. P.), 202,204. Casterley Camp, breaks in bank by flood ? 539. Castilion, Fras (M.P.), 214. Castle Ditches Camp, 21. Castle Howard (Yorks), 293. Castle, Edw., 348. Cattle, domestication of, 621. Kraals, Late Bronze Age, 640. Ways, Early Iron Age, described, 21. Caundell, Will., 384. Cave, Dr Aya) on sSarcom skeletons, 266. Cavendish, Ld. Ch) (WEE) 234 Thos. (M.P.),-214. Cawker, Rev. L. G,, obit., 298. Cawkutt, Fred, 134. Ceawlin defeated, 147. Cecil, Algernon (M.P.), 221. James, Viscount Cranbourne (Me) 4ale Rob.~ (WLP 219. 231. Cecilioides acicula, 65, 79, 486. Celtre (Chitterne’, Barony of, 334. Cepzea hortensis, 65, 299, 486. Nemoralis, 65, 79, 486, 658. Cerdic, head of Saxons, 146, 147. Cerne, Sir Edw. and Elyne, brass, Draycot, 601. Sire. Phil@ effigy, 601. Phillippa de (I and II), monuments, 601. Cerney, David (M.P.), 211. Cernuella virgata, 658. Cetum =Chute Forest, 25, 27. Chaddleworth House( Berks), 549. Chaffcutter, old, given, 666. Chaffinch, buff coloured, 94. Chafyn, John (MEPRSy 20s Thos. (M,P.), 209, 2115 227: Hugo le TN DEXG= TOL VO xisvilile 687 Chalfield, Great, Manor built of Hazelbury stone, 556; Re- stored by H. Brakspear, 123. Chalk country open down, 619, 620. Chalk, Walt. (M.P.), 205. Chaloner, Archdeckne (M.P.), 244. Will. (M.P.), 198. Chamberlain family, connected with Cordwainers’ Co., 151, 152. Connexion with Wilts, 151. Sir Austin, 152. John, 152. ios (and: Il), 52; Letters of, 668. Ruchess ale (M.P.) 201. sinosas (Mei). POAPEOWall (111, WT), 151, 152: Chambers, Thos., indictment, 81 — 84. Will. (M.P.), 211. Chambre, Rob. (M.P.), 194. Chancels of Churches lower than nave, 600. Chancey, Hen. (M.P.), 202. Chandler, John, 291. Chantries dissolved, 452, 453. Chapel Plaister (Box), derivation, 555. H. Brakspear on, 124. Elm tree with sign of Bell iin a5: Niche over door for statue not lamp, 555, 556. Chapelleyn, Thos.(M.P.), 192, 193. Shapman, John le (M-P.), 177, 179. Rob. (M.P.), 194—196. Chardstock (Dors.), Bishop’s resi- dence, 137. Charles I, Trial, 435. Charlton, 296. Charlton. All Saints, S. Wilts, birds, 109. Charlton, Nr. Malmesbury, Church architecture, H. Brak- spear, 597, 598 ; Monument to Sir H. Knevet, 597; Screens from old Suffolk pew, 598 ; pulpit with inscription, 598. Pauper emigrants to Canada, 151. Charlton, John, excavations at Old Sarum, 316 ; (M.P.) [(Cherl- ton] 199—201. Chatwell, Gt. (Staffs), 354. Chaucombe, Thos. de (M.P.). 179, 182. Chaundler, Rob., 542; (M.P.), 195, 197, 201— 203. See also Chandler. VOL. XLVII. NO. CLXVI, Chaundre, Rich. (M P.), 207. Chaydok, Thurston, 47. Cheesment, John (M.P.), 250. Chelfurist, Will. le (M.P.), 177. Cheney, Sir John, effigy, 464. Cheney Court, 553.7" Cheney [Chenvin, Chevy, Cheven] family, 554, see Cheyny. Cherburgh (France) Castle, 451. Cherhill, animal bones, Urus, 583 —586. Cottage, 159. Hayle Farm, 584. Monu- ment, origin of, 159. Pottery found with Urus horns, 584, 586. White Horse, 159. Chertsey, tile kilns, 360, 363. Cheselbourne, payment to Lid- dington Rector, 517. Chesterton, Will. (M.P.), 200. Chestnut, Horse, Early Bronze Age, 665. Cheteleshevede, 337. Chetwynd, John (M.P.), 262. Will. (M.P.), 234. Cheverel, Rog. de (M.P.), 178. Chew Magna, 434. Cheyny, Edmund (M.P.), 203. Hugo (M.P.), 195, 196. Johnie (MERA 208: Radulphus (M.P.), 194, 197. Sin Robs r47. Chichester Cathedral, detached bell tower, 608. Greyfriars, 38. Chichester, Bp. of, 593. Chiffchaff, 89, 98. Chiffinch, Will., 593. Chigwell (—), 554. Child, Sir Fras. (M.P.), 228—231. John (M.P.), 188, 229. Rob. (M.P.), 232. Thos. (M.P.), 199, 205, 206. Chilmark stone, 605. Chilotrema lapicida, 65, 79. Chilton Foliat, derivation, 554. Church, tiles, 441. Lodge, 253, 254, 256—258. Chipman, John le (M.P.), 180. Chippelegh, John (M.P.), 195, 196. Chippels, John (M.P.), 198. Chippenham, bequest of Ld. Walt. Hungerford, 452. Birds, 92, 93, 95, 96, 100, 101, BOX 688 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. 106, 110, I11. Borough, 500, 501. Church, held by Bp. Osborn, 555. Election, 502. Forest in Domesday, Qe Oreos Manor, Wood- land in Domesday, 28. M.P.’s, List of, 1295—1832, 177—264. Overseers’ accts., by. hy. He Tinton, + sar River, 434. Swineherds in Domesday, 28. Chipping Sodbury, 434. Chiselbury Camp, by R. C. C. Clay, 20—24. Barrows near excavated, 23. Called Blaed- byrig, 22. Cattleways, 20, ae Early Iron Age, 5, 22. Earthworks near, 23. Flint axe, 22. Habitation, no signs of, 20, 22. Old turnpike road, 28. Visited, Se Chiseldene, Rich. de (M.P.), 181. Chisenbury, West, Saxon Ceme- tery, 149. Chiswell, Rich. (M.P.), 232. Chitterne All Saints’ Church, tiles, 375. Valley, 589. Vicarage, Reminiscences of, 143. Chitterne, Will. (M.P.), 193, 196—199. Chiver, Hen., 340, 342. Chivers, Hen. (M.P.), 226—229. Rob., 344. Chivvy, Game, 276. Choefs (Choaffs), Jackdaws, payment for, 350. Chokke, Alex. (M.P.), 215, 216. Cholmeley, Mrs., Garden at Lushill, 495. Will. (M.P.), 216, 217. Chowne, Nich. (M.P.), 210. Christ and the Trades, painting, 635. Christchurch Haven, 592, 594. 564. Christian Malford, Bright family, 152. Church Architecture, H.: Brakspear on, 596; Chanicel floor lower, 596; Circles on buttresses, 596; Font, 597; Glass, 596; Screen, 596, 597. mural surveyed, Priory altar piece, Christianity in Britain after Romans left, 631. Christopher, R. T., 316. Chubb, Alfred, 130. Sir Cecil H. E., bought Stonehenge, 130; Obit., 130. Sir John C., 130. Montagu H., 544. ‘‘Chuck’”’ game, 347. Church and Ch. yd. inscriptions, copying of, 317. Church, Sir Arthur, 360. Churchill, Geo. Spenser (M.P.), 253. Chusselden, Will. (M.P.), 192. Chute, Birds, 92, 93, 95, 98, 101— 103, 105, 109, 112. British gold coins, 158. Lapwing, 87. Chute Forest, 27, 28. Cetum, 25. Croke family, 554. Oaks for Salisbury Grey Friars, 36, 37. Chute, Chaloner (M.P.), 220. Chyke, Rob. (M.P.), 196. Chysauster (Corn), Early Iron Age house, 647. Chyverden, Rob. de. (M.P.) 188, Egidius de (M.P.), 179. Cirencester, Roman, 629. Cirl Bunting, nesting, 95. Cissbury flint axe, 70. Clacton (Essex), excavations by - H. Warren, 55. Flints, hal- _berd shaped, 61. Pottery, Woodhenge grooved, 62— 64. Clapham, Dr. E. W., 85. Clare, arms on tiles, 362, 363, 365. Isabella, d. of Will., E. of Gloucester, 335. E. of Gloucester, 42. Clarendon, Birds, 93, 94, 106— 111. Forest, 27, 28, 31, 37. Palace, 381; Excavations by Dr. Borenius, 5, 311, 491; Kings stayed at, 397; Paving- tiles, 362, 363, 366, 367. Park 235; Bathurst family, 270. Pictures exhibited, 559. Clarendon, Earl of, 244, 593. Clark, Dr. J. G. D., 70) 728Us On Beaker pottery, 57; On Flints, 61, 62, 656, 665. Clarke, Mrs. John, Rents Sher- borne House, 398. Gilbert de, Edw, . INDEX TO VOL. XLVI. (M.P.),. 247. Reve). = VW. obit. 550. Canons ow? Ee gift, 162; Writing’s, 155. Clarke Maxwell, Preb. W. G., 137: On W. H. Fox Talbot, 155. Clausilia rugosa, 65, 486. wiay, Dr. RR. C.-C... 85, 176: On Chiselbury Camp, 5, 20-24; On cup markings at Stone- henge, 531. Clearbury Down, Birds, 104, 106. Clement, Will. (M.P.), 205, 207. Clerk, John le (M.P.), 186, 187. Koon le. (MEP). 186. Hen. (M.P.), 225, 261. Will. (M.P.), 200, 210—212. Cley, Nich. (M.P.), 198. Clifden, Hen. W., Viscount (M.P.), 246, 247. Whitford, Hen. (M:.P.), 211. Will., 343. Clifton Down Camp, 511. Climate, prehistoric, 622. Bronze Age, Early, 627; Middle, 79. Clockin Salisbury belfry removed to Cathedral, 612, 613. Clutterbuck, Cath. P., 544. Clyffe Pypard, Birds, 103. Manor House, 159. Clynton, John (M.P.), 208. ~ Coate Water, Birds, 107, 109. House of R. Jefferies, 517. Coberley, Thos. (M.P.), 205. Cochlicopa lubrica, 64, 79, 486, 658. , “Cockle and Barley,” Wilts novel, 434. . Codford Circle, 146. River, 589. Codio, Will. de (M.P.), 182. Codrington family, recusants, 637. Codyhou, Will. (M.P.), 178. Coker, Hen. (M.P.), 223. a( MEP), 234. Colborne, Nich. W. R.(M.P.), 249. Colbrand, James (M.P.), 212. Cold Harbour, see Amesbury. Cold Kitchen Hill, glass seg- mented beads described, 661], 662. Objects from, given, 666. Colderne, Will. (M.P.), 191. Cole (—), 278. ~ 193—196, 198, 207. Coleman, Anne, 273. Hen. John (M.P.), 689 Colerne, Doncombe brook and valley, 510, 512. Held by Levenot, 553; See also Bury Wood Camp. Coleshill (Berks), 159. Advow- son given to Edington, 11, 12. Church visited, 494. House visited, 494; Old wall- papers, 494. Colkyng, Walt. (M.P.), 178. Collar of S.S. on effigy, 465. Collett, C. B., as guide, 493. G. W., 85. Collignon, Dr. P. L., 413: Two Egyptian scarabs found in Wiltshire, 416—419 Collingbourne, Lapwing, 87. Woodland in Domesday, 28. Wood, Egyptian scarab not found there, 416, 417, 419. Collingbourne Ducis, rights in Cetum (Chute forest), 25. Collings, Jesse, MS. letter, 668. Collins, Misses, gift, 441. — W.G., 441, 511. Collum, Miss V.C.C.,gift, 164, 311. Colman kiche,. skecorder, of Salisbury (M.P.), 223. Cologne, Theodoric, Archbishop, 450. Colraine, Hen. Ld. (M.P.), 224. Colt alle, 523. -Colthrop, in Standish (Glos.), 280. Colthurst, Mat. (M.P.), 210. Colvile, Bernard (M.P.), 206. Colyngbourne, Rich. (M.P.), 199. Rob. (M.P.), 208, 204. Combe Bissett, birds, 105, 112. Combe Down Stone, 602. Combe Dyghere, John de (M.P.), 182. Combe Hill Gibbet, visited, 318. Combe, John (M.P.), 197, 203— 206. Comer, Thos. (M.P.), 205. Compton Abbas Rectory, pay- ment to Liddington, 518. Compton Basset, 238. [(Contone] held by Levenot, 553. House, 274. Compton Chamberlaine, Birds, 92,94. Heronry, 106. Compton, Rev. Ld. Alwyn, 365. ISIS (WLI), Zale. 2x 2 690 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Comyn, Valens (M.P.), 237. Cone, John le (M.P.), 181. Conholt Park, Birds, 92. Conock Manor, 130. Conolly, Thos. (M.P.), 238, 239. Constance, Council of, 449. Conway, Hen. S. (M.P.), 243, 264. IRO@IOs Sy CML), 44 Will. S. (M.P.), 244, 264. Conyngham, Id. Francis N. (M.P.), 253. Cook, Mrs., 340. James, 341. John, 340, 342, 343. Kenneth, as guide, 493. Thos. (M.P.), 199. Will. (M.P.), 202. Cookey, Ann, 346. Cooper, Sir Anth. Ashley (M.P.), 219—221. John (M.P.), 241, 264. Coot, 112. Cope, Geo. (M.P.), 212. James (M.P.), 238. Copper, origin of use of, 624. Coppinger, Ambrose (M.P.), 213. Copyholds abolished, 544. Corbet, Rob. (M.P.), 196, 198. Corbyn, Thos. (M.P.), 201. Cormorant, 107. Corn Bunting, 95. Corn Crake. 90. Cornbury, Edw., Viscount (M.P.), 225, 226. Cornish, Anth. (M.P.), 234. Cornwall, Megaliths, 618. Cornwall, Rich., Earl of, gifts to Hayles and Ashridge, 12; Holds Honour of Wallingford, 554. Cornewall, John (M.P.), 214. Corpe, Walt. (M.P.), 202. Corriott family, 389, 390. _Geo.., 390. John, 389, 390. Corsham, 236. Bean Close, 123. Church and history of town, H. Brakspear on, 126 ; Tomb of Sir Thos. Tropenell, 601. Pickwick Manor, 123. ‘“The Priory,’ 123. Corteys [Cortays], John (M.P.), 184, 197. Corton, Cantelow land, 273. Place name, 668. Coryat, Dorothy, 390. 390. Marg., Coryntre, John (M.P.), 200. (hoss = (Maks 3200) Will., 198. See also Coventre. Coscombe, John, 465. Cosen, Thos. (M.P.), 213. Cossens [Cossyn], Rich. (M.P.), 253, 214. Cossons, A., gift, 312. Costar, Will., 343. Coster, Mr., 523. Coterel, Hugo (vin 7a. aise Will. (M.P.), 179, 181, 183, 184, 186, 187. Cotes, Adm. Thomas (M.P.), 239. Will, de @EP) 177, 180: Cotswolds, Chambered Long Barrows, 619. Oolites, 620. Cotteridge (Coterugge], land given to Edington, 7, 11, 16. Cottle, Will., 347. Cottles House (Atworth), 128. Cotton, Sir John Hinde (M.P.), 235, 236, 238. Rev. Barfoot, 615. Sir Rob. (M.P.), 216. Coubrigge, Galfridus (M.P.), 201. Coue, John’ les (MP), ise: Nich le. (M.P.) 184. Coumbe, John de. (M.P.), 184, 194—196. Councell, Hen. (M.P.), 208. Council for preservation of Rural England, Wilts branch, 3, 124. Count, Mr., 524. Counting board, 393. Coursone, Rob. (M.P.), 209 Court, John’ Atte (M P.)) 19a) 196. Courtown, James Stopford, Earl of (M.P.), 241—243, 245. Coventre,. John, 2015 (NERS 202— 204. Thos. (M.P.), 202. Will. (M.P.), 196, 200—203. Coward, Edw., gift, 668. Cowen, J. D., on Rudge cup, 556. Coxe, Ch., 354; (M.P.), 264. Coxwell, Gt., barn visited, 494. Cozen, Ch., 343. Craig Llwyd, stone axes found in Wilts, 278. | Cranborne Chase, birds, 94. Bounds of, 1280, 337 ; extended by Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester, | 335, 337; By Kings as Royal INDEX TO) VOR: Xvid. 691 Forest,.335 ; Inner bounds, 337. Bronze Age _ earthworks, 640. Enclosure excavated by Pitt Rivers, 468. Granted hOusoin ob. Cecil, 336. James I hunts there, 336. Map by Thos. Aldwell incorrect, 335, 337; Map by R. Hardinge, 336. Original limits, 335. Pottery, Deverill-Rimbury type, 476, 477. Walks, Rushmore and Staplefoot, 336. Woodland, 27, 28, 31, 32. Cranborne, Viscount (M.P.), 241. Cranford, John (M.P.), 240. Crawford and Balcarres, Ld., 560. A. J. (M.P.), 253, 254. ©: G. S., 281, 512; Map of Neolithic Wessex, 406; On superimposed cultivation sys- tems, noticed, 148, 149. Crawley, John (M.P.), 235, 236. Craye, John (M.P.), 186, 203. @reed) (Crede] Hen. (M.P.), 210, 211. Cremation, date of introduction, 625, 626. Cuesswell, family of Pinckney, 544. Chik iH. 5442") Ikich. (M.-P) ,.232. thosmD (MEPs). 238— 240. Creevy, Thos. (M.P.), 258. Crewe, Sir Clipsie (M.P.), 216, 217. Cricklade, Abingdon Court, entrenchment, 286. Calowtt St., Old Town Bank and Ditch, 286. Charity of Major H. Smith, 560. Drainage ex- cavations, A. D. Passmore on, 286, 287. Me AS) liSitan Ole 177—264. Roman _ Road, course of ? 287. St. Mary’s Church, Norman areh, 300. St. Sampson’s Church, Advow- son and Manor given to Hungerford Chantry, Salisbury, 452. Straw hat making, 538. Crikkelade (—) (M.P.), 201. John (M.P.), 204. Rob. (M.P.), 202—-204. Thos. (M.P.), 200, 202, 203. Will. (M.P.), 208, 204. Crips, Thos. (M.P.), 196, 197, 199. Crispin, Milo, holds Honour of Wallingford, 553. Croc the Huntsman, 554. Croc or Croke [Crook] family of Hazelbury, pedigree, 442, 554. Ann, d. of John II, 555. Ellis, 554. Sir Hen., 554. John, 555. Mat., D4. Mich. (Verderer), 554. Phil., Verderer, 554. Nich.,555. Rainald, pedigree, 554. IRGH, HG 5, Rob:., 555: Thos: 7554. Walt., Charter and Seal, 554. Will., founder of Staffs Branch, 554. Crocker, Edmund, 504. John, 521. Crockford, Giles, 453, 456. Groftone; Rich. (M-P.), 192: Crofts, Rich. (M.P.), 240. Sim Valle (Mar), 217,28: Crompton, Hugh (M.P.), 216. Cross of metal, Trowbridge, 570. Crosse, John (M.P.), 234. Thos. (M.P.), 206. Crossbill, nesting, 94. Crouch, James, Vicar of Hanning- ton, 305, 309. Will. .(M.P-), 209. Crow, Hooded, 87, 91. Crudwell, Birds, 103—105. Poor House, 565. Wood- land in Domesday, 28. Crump, Mrs., 340. Crux Easton (Hants), deriva- . tion, 554. Cuckoo, 90, 104. Cuff, James, 523. Culham (Oxon), Church bell, 284. Cultivation systems, superim- posed, O. G. S. Crawford on, noticed, 148, 149. Cumberwell, held by Levenot, 553. Cunning Dick, Highwayman, 24. Cunnington, Alfred, made early telephone, 279. Miss E. A., gift, 570. Hen., 279. Capt. B. H., 103, 176; Copies registers of St. Mary’s, Devizes, 442, 492; Gifts, 315, 442, 493, 569; Meeting secretary, 495; On Devizes Market Cross, 156 ; 692 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. On Gibbets, 318; On Troubles over Imber Brook, 81—84 ; On Search for Arms in 1612, 637—639; Preservation of Stonehenge, 426, 561 ; Provost Marshal, 279; Notes, remarks, &c., 434, 492, 493, 542. Mis; MoE ol2 3s Catalogue of - Antiquities in Devizes Museum,” Part II, 2nd Edition, 137; Excavations, 644; Gifts, 312, 315 ; “‘ Introduction to the Archeology of Walts; 2md Edition, 1934, noticed, 158; Notes, 265, 281; On Blue Stone from Bole’s Barrow, 267; On Burial at Amesbury, 267 ; On Horns of Urus at Cherhill, 583 —586; On Roman mosaic pavement, Netheravon, 538 ; On stone axe from Hilcot, 537, 538; Onstraw plaiting in Wilts, 538; On Wall Paintings in Highworth Church, 420-421 ; On Weyland’s Smithy legend, 493. Col Ree elt ols On Effect of Cloudbursés on Earthworks, 538—540 ; On River Captures near Devizes, 587—591. Will., Notes, 583 —585 ; Shien oven his house at Heytesbury, 267. Cup markings at Stonehenge, disproved, 530. Cupper, Rich. (M.P.), 210. Curd, Rob., 341 Curlew, Common, 110 Currey, (—), 398. Curny, Rich. obit; 312. Curteys, Griffin (M.P. ‘ 210—212. John (M.P.), 184, 197, 198. . Curwen, Dr. E. C., 484; Excava- tions 642. Cuse, E. J. Mayor of Salisbury, 4 Cutting, Thos. (M.P.), 193, 195, 197—199. its Cutteridge, (N, Bradley), 227: Pig Hill Barn, meetings of Anabaptists, 560. Dacres, Egidius (M.P.), 208. Hen. (M.P.), 214. Daffodils crossed by G. H. Engleheart, 427, 428. Daish, Priscilla, 341... Dalaber, John (M.P.), 214. Dalavall, Sir Ralph (M.P.), 227. Dale, Ven. Dr. (M.P.), 213. Dalkeith, Earl of] (Mia 245) 247— 249. Daly, Capt., 128. Dalyson, (Sir ixocee (MES) 21 ae Sir Thos: (Mar). 215: Damer, Geo. (M.P.), 240. Damerham Church, tiles, 367. Daniell [Daneel, Danyel], (—) (MEPS), 2055 2206. Jeffery (ME, Pa) 22 oo Will, (MP:), 20 227 Danneman, Rev. Aug. F,, obit., 550. Dannett, Leonard (M.P.), 212. Danube river, course of migra- tions, 624. Danvers, Hen. (M.P.), 219. John (MUP ih 2125 Sir jiond (MP2), 219%. 2260: Rob. (MP), 221; Thos, (M-P>) 20% 208. Will. (M.P.), 208, D’Aranda, Benj, Vicar of Calne,’ 344. Dark, Will., 340. Darlington, Egyptian Scarab found, 412. Darrell, [Darell], Constantine, COMETS) 207. Edw. (M.P.), 209. Edmund (M.P.), 209. Will. (M.P.), 202, 2038, 213. Dartnell, H.W., gifts, 311, 441,667. Daubeneye, Adam (M. ie 196— 198. Dauce, Walt. (M.P.), 1825 Daunte, John (M.P.), 205. Daunteseye, John de (M.P.), 194, 195, 197. Dauntsey House, 288. Davenant; Charles (M.P.), 228: Dr., property at Imber, 83. Davis [Davys], John, 397. Sir John (M.P.), 216, 217, 260: Mary, 341, 342. Rob., 343, 349. Will., 534. Dawkins, Hen. (M.P.), 240, 242, 264. James (M.P.), 238, 244, 245, 247—250, - 258, 264. Thos. 456. Dawnay, J. C. . Bi Vascoume Downe (M.P.), .246,._.-. : INDEX TO Dayne, John (M.P.), 190. Deane |Peene], - john (M-P.), 223, 226. De Blaquiere, John (M.P ), 248. De Camville, arms on tiles, 362. Deckford (? Beckford), Will. (M.P ), 249. Deeds, Wiltshire, given, 161. Deer horn picks at Avebury, 288. Red Deer bones, 66. Deerhurst Church, Saxon, 606. Defoe at Salisbury, 594. Dehus chambered mound, Guern- sey, excavation, 164. De la Beche, Phil. (M.P.), 183. Delabere, Rich. (M.P ), 213. De la Mere, John (M.P.), 182, 193. Rob. (M.P.), 192, 193. De Lisle, Humphrey, property, 553. Delaval, Fras. (M.P.), 237. Delme, Peter (M.P.), 235. Denby, John (M,.P ), 20], 202. Denebaud, Phil , 331, 332, 334. Denham, John (M.P.), 222. Denison; John (M.P.), 247. Denmark, Prehistory, 617 Dennett, Thos., 593 Will. 456. Dennyce, Sir Walt. (M.P), 212 Derham, Adam de (M.P.), 184. Des Moines, U.S.A., Drake University, reproduction of King’s House, Salisbury, 404. Des Reaux, Louise, d. of John, -. 143. Deudans, Thos. (M.P.), 177 Devereux, Sir Walt. (M.P.), 216 Deveril, 147. Deveril-Rim- bury Culture, age of in Wilts, and Somerset, 653, 654 ; Earth- works, small square, 468, 640 ; Pottery, globular urns, 477. DevizesBarracks,590 Birds,103, 109. Brickham Bridge, 591. Bronze standard yard meas- ure, 1847,311. Browfort, 133. Cemetery, 591. “Cockle and Barley,’ novel, 434. Corn Exchange, building of, B. H. Cunnington on, 149, 150 ; Figure of Ceres given by C. Darby Griffiths, 150. Coun- cillors’ gowns ordered and. dis- VOL. XLVII. 693 carded, 561. Fire Station, bells preserved, hist. of, 542. Gradient of streams, 589. Market, bell rung at open- ing, 543; Cross, how it came to be erected, B. H.Cunnington on, 156. M.P.’s, List of, 177 —264. Museum, 446, 499 ; Accounts, 166; Bronze Imple- ments stolen, 314; Building Fund, 168, 445, 490 ; Catalogue OL Amtiquitiess, Part, li 2nd Edition, by Mrs. Cunnington, noticed, 137, 314, 490; Books of reference, 315, 542; Deeds catalogued, 443; Gifts to Museum and Library, 161, 265, 311, 441, 569—571, 666 ; Main- tenance Fund Appeal, Subscrip- tions, 34, 35; New locks to cases, 314; Objects in, 583, 661 ; Scarab, 413 ; Wagon horse bells, 491. New Park, 239, 241, 253, 254, 256. Northgate House, Judges’ Lod- gings, 550. Old House, 159. Parnella House School, 550. Political Squibs, 161. St. Mary’s Church, E. window, 578 ; Registers copied by B. H. Cunnington, 442, 492. St. Peter’s, Vicar, 134. Sham- bles, alarm bell on, 543. Town Hall, fire alarm bell, 543, Town Hall, earliest tele- phone, 279. Devorguila, Lady, founded Balliol Coll., 40. is Devyses, John de (M.P.), 181. Dew Ponds, antiquity of, 158. Dewall, John (M.P.), 205. Dewer, John (M.P.), 241. Dewey, H. N., 567. | Dewy, H. N., 567. James (M.P.), 221. ; Deyghere, Rog. le (M.P.), 186, 187. Will. le (M.P.), 192. Dickie, James, writer, 159. Dictionary of Nat. Biography, 314, 542. Dieu te eyde, John (M.P.), 178. Digby, Edw. (M.P.), 236. Elen: (MP. ); 238. Digges, Rich. (M.P.}, 214—218. 694 Dikeman, John (M.P.), 203. Dilton Marsh, Leighton House, cricket, Victoria College), 134. Dinton, Little Clarendon, 426; Daffodils, 427. Dipper, increasing, 86, 102. Diston, Josiah (M.P.), 230, 232, 263. Ditches, Prehistoric, Cattleways, 19» Method of digging, 643. Of Deverill-Rimbury date, 488. Planned on large scale in S. Wilts, 488. Traced by rabbit burrows, 466 Ditteridge, bought by Sir G-. Speke, 556 Dixson, Thos. 344. Dobs, Will, 344. Dodge, Susan, 293 Dodington, Herb. (M.P.), 21%, 218. Sir Will. (M.P.), 216. Dodsworth, Verger, 464. Doel, Rev. Will., 560. Dog, bones, 484. Domestic of beaker age, Winterslow (figd.), 76—78. Iron age, 622. Neolithic Windmill Hill, 621. Origin of discussed, 621. Prehistoric, sizes of, 77, 78. Payment for keeping out of Church, 347. Dogdean, Birds, 106. Dogger Bank, islands in Neolithic Age, 619. Doggrell, James, 535. Noah, 535. D’Oily, Maud, 553 Rob. held Wallingford, 553. Doleman, John, 340. Walt., 340, 342. Domerham, Edw. de (M.P.), 190. Don, Edw., 309. Donaldson, St. Clair G. A., Bp of Salisbury, obit., 422. Sir Stuart, 422. Donegal, /Arth;, Earl of (MEP:); 240. Donhead, Birds, 105. Sie Mary, Church, tiles, 365. Donne, Rev. Reg. F., obit., 550. Donton, John de (M.P ), 178. Dorchester (Oxon), 148; See of, 147. (Dors.) King’s Arms, 271; Museum, 270, INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Dormer, Fleetwood (M.P.), 232. Dornford, Clem de, 331. Dorset Arch. Soc., gift, 667. Downs, 620. Douglas, Ch., 3rd. Duke of Queensberry, 432. James (M.P) 230: Jona Ses Jb. (M.P.), 240. Douse [Douce], Adam (M.P.), 178. -- Edw. (M.P.), 217. Dove, Mrs., 399. John (M P.), 219. Susannae272- Dover, Downs, 620. Saxon Church, 606. Straits narrow in Neolithic age, 619. Down, Johny S2yide Da (MERA 245, 246 Downland grass, effect of sheep on,620. Open and treeless, 620. ment, 620, 621. Downman, E. H., 505, 506. Downs, north and south, 620 Downton, 225, 228. Birds, 93, 101, 106. Church visited, 6. MPs a listrot, wlii¢— 2640 Moot, 143. Rich. II at, 44. Woodland, 32. Doygnel, Peter (M.P.), 186, 188. Drake, Rob. (M.P.), 198. Draper, Rog. le (M P.), 177. Drapier, Hen. (M.P.), 183. Draycot Cerne Church, Archi- tecture, by Sir H Brakspear, 600, 601; effigies and monu- ments, 600, 601 Manor, Cerne family, 601, Draycot Foliot held by Milo Crispin, 553. Drew, J. 1, 550. Drewe, John (M.P.), 217. Rob. (M.P), 214, 215, 217. Thos. (M.P ), 202. Droitwich, tile kiln, 360. Druett, H. A., 351. Dryewode, John (M.P.), 192. Duchett, Mr., 34%. Duck, Tufted, increasing, 86, 91, 107. Duck, Thos., 340 Duckett, Mr., 342, 343. Geo. (M.P.), 230, 235, 263. John (M.P:), 216. Lionel (M.P_), 215, 224, 226. Steph. Suited to early settle- ae ae ENDE xe nOsViOl. - of | PrancissaelaG: John (M.P.), 204. Murray, Dr. Margaret, 418. Major-Gen. John (M.P.), 250, 251. Rob. (M.P.), 234, 235. Mycham, Simon, Dean of Salis- bury, 379, 384. Myers, Prof. 624. Myles, John, 465, Mymyng, John (M P.), 184. Mynne, Geo. (M.P.), 216. Mynors, A B., on= Langley Church, 125. Myrtle, (Aberdeen), 129. Myrton, Hall (Yorks), 133. Mytton, Rich. (M.P.), 209. Nairne, Baron, 423. Namirembe Cathedral, 428, 429. Nash Hill, tiles made, 361. Neal [Neel], Rich (M.P.), 178. Rob. (M.P.), 236, 237. Thos. (M.P.), 228—227. INDEX TO Neat, C. E.,- 274. John, 340, 341, 346. Mat., 343. Nedham, Rich, (M P.), 204. Rob. (M.P.), 235. Neeld- Sir John, . 549. Jos. (M.P.), 256, 257. Nelson, Dr. Phil., 541. Neolithic Age, date of, 623. In Britain, coast line, etc., 618, 619. Hauna, 2162): Mediterranean race, 623. Population, agricultural, 623. itirade im! axes with Cornwall, 480. Nerkes, Dan., 341. Nesbit, Arnold (M.P.), 239, 241. R. P., sheriff, javelin men’s dress and pay, 274. Neston, 221. Neston Gt. (Ches.), 354. Netheravon, Birds, 110. Church, Architecture, Sir H. Brakspear on, 124, 606, 607. Rood loft stair, 607. Tower, Saxon or Norman, original plan, 606. Roman villa, pavement, 538. Netherhampton, Birds, 110. Nether Wallop, Miller family, 396. Neuchatel Lake, La Tene settle- ment, 628. Neville, Sir Hen. (M.P.), 216. Rob., Bp., 599; (M.P.), 208. Will. (M.P.), 211. New Barn Down (Sussex), Bronze Age settlement excavated, 640, 642, 644, 646. Pottery, 477. New Forest, 20. Roman pot- teries, 630. New House, 239. New Park, 248, see Devizes. Newall, R. S., 67, 85, 410. On Stonehenge markings, 530, 531. Newberry, Prof. P. E., on scarabs, 413, 418. Newbury, Bos primigenius, 585. Chequers Hotel, 318. Museum visited, 318. Newcastle, Grey Friars, 40. Museum, bronze and enamel object, 558. Newdygate, Fras. (M.P.), 211, 212. Wil. (M.P), 209. VOL. XLVII. NO. CLXVI. VOL. x 418. Ch. Nich (M.P.), 253. Ceol (Vee) 222) ‘Jonathan, 340. Rob. le (Mee), 178, 179. Will. (M.P.), 201—204. Pannage for swine in forests, 25, 26. Panter, Radulphus (M.P.), 202. Parham, Mr. and Mrs., 5. Parish boundaries, 32, 33. Parke, Walt. (M.P.), 204. Parken, Edw. P., obit,, 129. Parker, John, 326, 340; (M.P.), 193—195, F97. Rich. (M.P.), 198. Bhos) (MiP), 210; Parliament, members for Wilts County and Boroughs as given in the Returns of 1872, 1295 —1832, transcribed by Canon F. H. Manley, 177264. Parmunter, Will. (M.P.), 178. VOL. XLVII. Tall Parnham Common, 338. Parry, Anth., 385. Partidche lems (Minia)\pe 2s Partridge, Common, albino, 112. Red legged, 113. Earson si) Pleasures (bins: W.S. Swayne, noticed, 143. Parsonss 1c, 716% Rich., 456. Parys, Rob. de (M.P.), 184. aspetelen. (Mer). Is: Passehay, Will. (M.P.), 178. Passmore, A. D., 85, 364, 428, 665 ; Gifts, 162, 164, 311, 315, 571, 667; Excavates Earth circles, 316; Models of Wey- land’s Smithy and Uffington Camp, 493, 494; Notes, 265, 286—288; On Battle of Ash- down, 494; On earth circles near Highworth, 114—122; on earth circle at Stratton St. Margaret, 529, 530; On ‘Hill opie Camps. ot — Wessex, : noticed, 145, 146; On Sir H. Meux’s excavations at Avebury, 288. Paston, Will. (M.P.), 208. Pataye, battle, 457. Paterson, John (M.P.), 239. Patney, 129. River system, 591. Patten, Peter (M.P.), 251. Paule, Geo. (M.P.), 214, 215. Paulesholte, Peter de (M.P.), 177. Pauncefoot (—), 502. Edw. (M.P.), 228, 229, 500, 503. Tracy (M.P.), 262. Pavely, Reg. de (M.P.), 186. Walt. de (M.P.), 181. Paynaunt, Rob. (M.P.), 201. Payne, Egidius (M.P.), 211. Rich., 535. Payntz, Mat. (M.P.), 260. Peach, Sam. (M.P.), 241. Peale, Isl, Jo Ie, Om INGwHowiAy Museum, 318, 319. Pearce, Thos. (M.P.), 231. Pearse, John (M.P.), 253, 254, 256— 258. Pechell, Sir Thos. (M.P.), 252— 254. Pedley, John (M.P.), 248. Peel yobs (Mam.). 252) 256: Peeters, Thos., 341. 3B 2 722 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Peill, J. N., 150. Peirce, Mr:, 343. Eras. 344. Mary, 341. Rog., 343. Will., 341. Peirson, L. G., 85: Peke, John (M.P.), 208. Pelham, Mrs., gift, 441. Pembroke, Earl of, 246, 637. Aymer de Valence, Ear! of, 42. Pembrokeshire, megaliths, 619. Penance in Church, 1811, 271, 202) Pendover, Veryan (Corn.), 480. Penn Manor (Bucks), 304. Penn, Geo., 304. Giles, 304. John, 304. Sabella, w. of David, 304. Will., Wilts ancestry of, 304 ; Will., a monk, land in Braden, 304. Adm. Sir Will., founds Pennsylvania, 304. Penn’s Lodge, Braden, 304. Pennestone, Sir Thos. (M.P.), 219. Penruddocke, Ch. (M.P.), 240— 243. Edw. (M.P:), 213. Sir Geo. (MP) 209) 211 212: James H. (M.P.), 255. John (M.P.), 213. John Hungerford (M.P.), 256, 257, 258. Rob. (M.P.), 214, 215. Thos. (M.P.), 215, 224, 226. Penston, Edmund (M.P.), 205, 206. Pentridge Camp, 20. Pentrigg, Rob., 384. Pepper Box Hill bought by Nat. ust 2h Percehay, Will. (MP), 187-189. Percy, Hen. de (M.P.), 189. Peregrine Falcon on Salisbury spire, 105. Perkins, Col., 112. Perme-Letters, 158. Pernaunt, Rich. (M.P.), 177. Person, John le (M.P.), 189. Persons, John (M.P.), 201. Pery; Phos, 46557 (MPs) -207- Peto, Harold, 433. Petty, Ld. Hen. (M.P.), 248. Max. (M.P.}, 218. Sir Will., Biog. by Ld. Lansdowne, 424 ; ithe) Doubles Bottommsiips: by Ld. Lansdowne, 424. Petty Fitzmaurice, Ld. Edw., 423. Petty Papers, by Ld. Lansdowne, 424. Petty-Southwell correspondence, by Ld. Lansdowne, 424. Petytt, Cymacy (Vises) 20: Peverell, Cath., w. of Walt: Ld. Hungerford, tomb, 447, 452. Pewsey, 297, 435. Birds k3: Manor Farm, 297. Vale, 620 >) Rormation “of geology, 588; Parish bound- aries, 32 ; Woodland in Domes- day, 31. Pewsham Forest, disafforested, rhymes as to, 26. Peye (—) (M.P.), 206. Peyne, Egidius (M.P.), 210. Peyntour, John (M.P.), 198. Pheasant, varieties, hermaphro- dite, 112, 113. Phelps, alias Bromham, Rich., 343. Phemister, J., 480. Philippa, Princess, marriage, 448. Philips, Geo. (M.-P); 255, 256; Phillips, As. a ediieeoone Rev. C. G., writings, 566. Edmund, 342. Fras., 385. John, 353. Thos., 534. Phipps, Canon Fred., obit., 134. Geo., 134. Norah Jacintha; d° of CN. -P. 2s FRue sles elas Thos. (MPA) 262, Photograph, the first at Lacock, 155. Photographic Soc. at Lacock, 155. Piercy, ben. (MaRa) 2m) Pierson, Hugo (M.P.), 207. Picts and Scots invade Britain, 631. Pig bones found, 67, 484, 659. Domestic, origin of, 622. Stripes on young, 622. Piggott, Stuart, 55, 57, 480; Gift, 667 ; On pottery, 665 ; Writings, 663. Pillesden Pen (Dors.) Camp, small enclosure in, 511. Pills, John, 340. Pinchines4 7 no oor Pink, Eliz., 396. INDEX TO Pinckney Park, vacant, 544. Pinnell, Hen. (M.P.), 229. Pinsent, Sir Will. (M.P.), 226. Pipewell Abbey, 125. Pipit, Meadow, 96. ing, 88, 96. Pisa, leaning Tower, 608. Agnellus of, 36. Pistor, Radulph (M.P.), 178. Pit Dwellings, method of roofing, 475. Pitman ©. We Kk 885 iikeport on Birds of Wilts, 1934, 85—113. Rich., 534. item eneps and: Mrs. gitt to Liddington Church, 520. C. G., memorial window, Tree, nest- 519. be Cette, 441. Geo. (M.-P.), 233. Geo. M. (M.P), 233. John, 233. Jos. (M.P.), 252— 257. Rob. (M.P.), 230—233. WAOSs, 593. (M.P.), 226, 227, 231— Do ipeoson 24 242, ~~ Wall. (M.P.), 235, 236. Pitt Rivers, Gen., 70, 339. Pitton, Birds, 91—96, 99—101, 104, 105, 108, 109, 112, 113. Black Lane, 564. Fire, 1861, 564. Population, 564. Pizzie, Levi, 284. Pleydell (—) (M.P.), 228. amanmmedn eves) 231,232) Gabriel (M.P.), 211, 212. Jjohn (M P:), 214, 221, 223— 225-7 felon Mi. (MR) 2230. Nigel, 305. Wall, (MP); 220. Ploden, Edmund (M P.), 211. Plomer, Will. (M.P.), 195—197. Plough, old, given, 161, 314, 315. Plover, Golden, 91, 109. Grey, 87, 109. Ringed, 87, 109. finmer, john (M.-P), 255, Site bhos. (MP), 250, 252. Plumpton Plain (Sussex), Bronze Age settlement, 640. Iron on whetstones, 484. Pottery, 477, 478. Pochard, 91, 107. Poland, British objects found, 627, Polden, Mr., 83, 84. Bole, H.R, gifts, 666, 667. Galfridus (M.P.), 209. John VOle Xatvllte 723 (iP), 204, 7 208. Rich. (M.P.), 208. Polecat, payment for, 350. Pollard, Major C. J. K., on Stone- henge, noticed, 431. John EM Ps) 921s Pollen, J. Hungerford, 128. Et. Cole Stephy He obitel 28: Pollexfen, Nich. (M.P.), 230, 262, Pollock, H. R., 491, 316; Gifts, 164, 315. Polstede, Rich. (M.P.), 212, 260. Polton, John (M.P.), 193, 196. Galfridus (M.P.), 202. Rich. (M.P.), 193—195. Pomatias elegans, 64, 78, 295, 299, 486, 658. Pomeray, Will. (M.P.), 187. Pond Barrows, connected with cult of the dead, 496. Ponsonby, Lord, 360, 378. Noel, 433. Ponting (—), 542. C. E., note, 282 ; On Highway Church, 283; On Limpley Stoke Church, 601, 602; on use of Oyster Shelissan= builcdime,) 927 7. Johny 343°) John de (M-P*); 250. Ponting, alias Powns, John, 342. Poole, Edw. (M.P.), 212, 220— MOI O2. Hen. and Sir Hen. (M.Ps.), 210, 215. Sir Nevil (M.P.), 216, 218, 219. Poolye, John (M.P.), 218. Poope, ‘Thos., 52. Poore family of Syrencot, tablet at Figheldean, 605. Edw. 263 ; Edw. (M.P.), 237, 238. Bp. Rich. le, founded Grey Friars, Salisbury, 36. Pope John XXV, 449. Pope, Nich. le (M.P.), 179. Popham, Alix. (M.P.), 220; 226, UAT Edw. (M.P.), 235, 236, 238—240. Sig Francis (M.Ps.), 215—218, 226, 230, 231, 260, 263. ide shies Justice, 639. Borcher. onas a) (MEPS) 2 a0: Josias (M.P.), 252. Porchester, Hen. C. Herbert, Ld., 248. Hen. Geo. Herbert, Ld. (M.P.), 247, 249, 250. 724 INDEX TO Hen. Herbert, Ld. (M.P.), 245. Hen. John G. Herbert (MPs 258. Porrens, Thos., 522. Port =market town, 513. Porter family, 274. Portesmouth, Rog. de (M.P.), 181. Porton, urn found, 163. Portsmouth, 592. Portway, 406, 407. The Port- VOL. XLVII. verbial, 276. Public houses | Bell, Coleman’s, Crown, George, King’s Arms, Middle Organ, Upper Organ], 275. Residence of Bishop, 137. ‘“‘Shoots”’ [Barbone, Chisbury, Weyland’s], 275.° Springs [Bottomless Well, Grubs Shrub Well, Horse Well, Sugar Well, Wick Well], 275. Streets [The Street, Duck St., Lower way at Newton Tony, by R. P. Wright, 513-516; Excav- ations described, 514; Con- struction described, 514—516 ; Continued as Ackling Dyke, 407, 409. : Portways, secondary ways to market towns, 513. Potter, Nevens, 666. Potterne, 225. Bellringers, “Lippits Gang,’’ 276. Birds, 95, 98, 102. Butts, 275: Charities, 376. Church, altar piece given by Will. Grubbe described, 563 ; Panels of Moses and Aaron, 563, 564 ; Galleries for men and women, 276 ; Pulled down, 563 ; Organ case destroyed, 563 ; Repewed 1833, 563 ; Restored 1871, 563 ; Royal Arms removed and re- placed, 563, 564. ‘Pitchers and Pans’’ spring, christening water, 276. Coxey Lane Chapel, 275. Eastwell, Gainsborough portrait painted, 270. Feast described, 276. Games 1850, 276. Lanes [Broad, Coxhill, Five, Folly, Franklins, Kitmer, Limers, Lyes, New, Pounds, Pump, Rooks, Saddleback], 275. Little. Pudi 275: Little Free, 276: Mills [Drew’s Pond, Five Lanes, Holloways, Rangebourne, Whistley Snuff Mill], 275. Miss Wogan’s Academy, 275. Mummers’ play, words and music, 150. Nine Hills, 276. Notes by T. Smith, 1850—1900, 275, 276. Porch House, 132, 276. “Potterne Lambs” pro- St., Silver Sta) 227 Wages 1850, 276. Whit-Monday Clubs, 276. Wick, 275. Pottery, Beaker Age _ bowl, Kennet Avenue, 664. Beaker, large, and four-footed bowl, in Berks, 317. Bronze Agein Cornwall, 477. —‘-Finger- tip ornament, 477. Groove ornament, Early Bronze, Ave- bury, 663; Woodhenge and Ratfyn, 57. Loom weights ? 569. Medieval, coarse, 358. Neolithic, Avebury, 665. Potters wheel introduced, 628. Urns, barrel and bucket shape, in W. of England, Deverel-Rimbury type, 475— 477. Poulet, John (M.P.), 202. Pounding of Cattle, 523. Pountney, Will., 343. Pouston, Edmund (M.P.), 203. Powell family, Brecknock, 388. Mr., 143. Alex. (M.P.), 256. Edmund (M.P.), 209, 210. Elinor, parentage, 387 —390, 392. Howell, 388. Hugh, 139, 382, 383, 385, 388 —390, 394; Rebuilt Sherborne House, Salisbury, 401; (M.P.) PAN. John, 383, 388 ; (M.P.). 190; Rev. John, Vicar of Hill Deverill, 135. John U., be- quest to W.A. Soc., 443, 490 ; Obit. and list of writings, 135, 667. Thos. (M.P.), 262. Poynant, Rob. (M.P.), 201. Poyntz, John (M.P.), 209. Nich. (M.P.), 211. Pratell> ren. de (Mears ralave Pratt, Sir Ch. (M.P.), 238, 239. Rich. (M.P.), 206. INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. 725 Thos. (M.P.), 184, 186, 188— 190. Prayers [Praeres}, Hen. de (M.P.), 180, 183. Prendergast, Mich, G. (M.P.), 257. iprentise: thos, (M.P.), 191. Will. (M.P.), 195. Prescelly, stone circles, 139. Prest, Capt., gift, 162. Preston, Sigfried, 157. Priaux, Peter, 353. Price, Dr., 399. Mr., 399. Fras., description of Salisbury. Cathe 609 Plan to repair belfry, 614. Prince Hen. of Wales, arms in Sherborne House, 397. Pritchard, Mr., 267. gifts, 441, 491, 570. iProby, Kev. KS. B., obit., 430. Probyn, John (M.P.), 238. Rrocton Geo. (M=P.), 210, 236; DOVE Prower, Canon, 269. J. Elton, 269. Major and Mrs., 269, 270. Prudde, Will. (M.P.), 205. ru zewvolllesle: (MPs) S kid: Pryce, Ben., 399. Prynne, Will. (M.P.), 221. Puckshipton, 130. Pugh, C. W., 282, 638. Puleston, Rog. (M.P.), 213. Pulteney, Will., Viscount (M.P.), 238. Pulton (?), Thos. (M.P.), 188. Punchardon, John and Margaret, 385. Punctum pygmeum, 486. Pupilla muscorum, 65, 79, 486, 658. Purdue, Will., bell founders, 291, 612, 567. Purton, 221. Birds, 97, 98. Church, chamber originally sacristy, 270; Restoration, “Brass images,’’ 269; Skeleton found in wall, 1872, account of, legend ofnun, 268—270 ; Sword found in wall? 269, 270. Saxon charters, 147. Sissels House, 269. Woodland in Domesday, 28. Purvis, Mrs., 138. Ernest, Pusey [Pusy], John (M.P.), 196. Phil. (M.P.), 257. Puxton, John (M.P.), 215, 218. Pycot, John (M.P.), 178, 180, 182. Ryeesirn INoby (MEE) e2ii7. Pylle, Thos. de la (M.P.), 24. Pym, John (M.P.), 216. Pynnell, Hen., 227, 228. Pynnock, Rich. (M.P.), 177. Pystor, Nich. (M.P.), 204. Pyt House, 254, 255. Machine riots, presentment by jury, 533, 534. Oe Oldi2432;, Quail, 90, 113. Quantock Hills, 620. Quart and pint measures, 524. Ouceneys letters, he by seond Lansdowne, 424. Queenwood College, 549. Queensberry, Ch. Douglas, Duke of, 521. Kitty, Duchess of, by V. Biddulph, noticed, 432. Quemerford (Calne), 226. Queynton, Rob. (M.P.), 207. Querns, saddleback, Thorny Down, 654. Qui, Abia, surgeon of Malmes- bery, epitaph, 325, 326. Radnor, Earl of, descent from Hungerfords, 455. Earl of, 241, 256, 560; Hospitality, 6. Jacob, 2nd Earl, gives window to Cathedral, 454, 455. Will., Ist Earl, 454. Radnye, Sir John (M.P.), 215. acland, sir Lhos. (Mar). 212) Ragwort, 318. Raikes, Hen., 550. Rainscombe, 159. Raleigh, Sir Ch. (M.P.), 225—227. Gilbert (M.P.), 223, 262. Sir Walt., 639. Rameshull, Will. de (M.Ps.), 184 —186, 188. Ramsbury, 435. Bishop’s residence, 137. Bodorgan House, hospitality, 319. Ornamental impressed bricks, 319, 320; Adm. Hyde Parker on, 499. Hurdles made at, 562. Manor House, 159. 726 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Registers copied, 492. Woodland in Domesday, 28. Randall, Peter, 522. Randolph, Bp. J. H. G., Dean of Salisbury, obit., 425, 426. John (M.P.), 200. slogan Oris 425. Will. (M.P.), 185, 187, 188; Bailiff of Salisbury, 43. Randus, John (M.P.), 187. Ranelagh, Rich., Earl of (M.P.), 228. Rankin (—), 398. Rastell, Will. (M.P.), 210. Rattew, James, 524. Ravenhill, L. H., cartoon by, 315. Ravenna, capital from, 433. Ravenscroft, Will. (M.P.), 215. Rawleigh, Carew (M.P.), 214— 216, 228. Rawlence, Major, 111. Rawley, Charon, (M.P_), 213. Raymond, Sir Jonathan (M.P }, 226. Raynells, Edw., 342. Raynold, Geo. (M.P.), 212. Raynolds, Rob., 346. Read, Capt., 98 Reade, Edw., 638. Sir Thos. (M.P.), 231—233, 235, 236. Recusants, Popish, acts against 638. Houses searched. for arms, 637—639. Number of 1610, 637. Red Footed Falcon, 87, 105. Red-Throated Diver, 87, 108. Rede, John (M.P.), 210. Will. (MERA) 22 09 es Redlynch, 94, 96, 98, 102, 104, 106, 110, I11. Redpole, Lesser, flocks, 94. Mealy, $7, 94. Redshank, nesting, white var., 86, 110. Redstart, 89, 101. Redwing, 90, 100. Redyng, Will., 48. Reed Bunting, 95. Reeve (Widow), 342 Reeve, Whitshed (M.P.), 240 Regional Guides to ancient Mon- uments under Office of Works, noticed, 438, 439, 442. Registers, transcription of, 317, 492. See Devizes St. Mary. Black, 102. Reigate, Steph. de (M.P.), 851. Reindeer in Britain, 621, Relics, Franciscan at Wimborne, 38. Retinella pura, nitidula,radiatula, 486. Rayas, Anne, 273. Reynolds, Edw., 342. Rich. (MEP) 1 Som a iwolo (vies). os Rheims, Ralph of, 38. Rice, C., 85. Jobn(M P.), 215. Richards, Biose (M.P:), 237, 238. Richardson, Mrs. E. M., gift, 312 Richardson Cox, Major Eustace, Oot L297 (Gig ISL. WAS). Richmond (Yorks), Bear bones, 61. Richmond, I. A., on Rudge cup, 556—558. Richmond, alias Webb, Gen. John (M.P.), 231—234. Rickards, Rob. (M.P.), 252. Ridgeway (Berks), 493. Ox Drove, 337. Rigden, Rich H., expenses as voter, 271. Rigge, John de (M.P.), 189. Ring ouzel, 100. Ringarum (Sweden), 157. Ringbourn, Rob., 47. Ringwood, petition as to river, O94. Navigations, 9592. Sowing in forest, 26, Ritchie, Dr., 663, River captures near Devizes, Lt-Col. R. HH. Cunnington on, 587—591. Rixon, Thos., 534. Roadside waste vested in High- way authority, 544. Roberts, Christian, 385, Gabriel (M.P.), 232, 233, 263. Jane, 385. John (M.P.), 215. Mary, 385, Punch- ardon, 385. Robertson, Annie L., d of A. PB; 129: Robin, nest, 102. Robin Hood’s ball, Birds, 106. Robins (Widow), 343. Anthny 340. Robinson, Rev. John, 6. Nich. (M.P.), 235. Sanae a(S) 231, 232. rie INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. G27 Roche Court Down, ditch ex- cavated, 79, 80, 466. Old cultivation, 640. Roches, John de (M.P.), 187, 188, 194—199. Rock Dove, 109. Rockingham Forest, fines for trespassers, 336, 337. Rockley, rooks nesting, 92. Redborne, -224, 227, 229. Church, H. Brakspear on, 126, Rodbourne Cheney, 224. De- rivation, 554. Rodney, Lady Margaret, 458. Roebuck, bones, 66, 484: Roger of England, missionary, 45. : Rogers, Edw (M.P.),195. Eliz., 353. Hugh (M.P.), 219. John (M.P.), 206. Jonathan, 344. | Rich., 343. Thos. (M.P.), 208. Will., 346. Rohde, FE. S., writings, 159. Rokes, John (M.P.), 205. Rolfe, Simon, 396. Will. (M.P.), 218 Rolle, Mr , 339. Rolt, Edw (M.P.), 233 Roman bronze figure, &c., Ashton Keynes, 666. Conquest, 629. Lead mines, Mendip, 629. Pavement, see Netheravon. Pewter service, Appleshaw, 426. Pottery, Samian ware sets of bowls for table, 557. Rule, peaceful, 630. Villas, owned by Romanised Britons, 629, 6380; Nuthills, 424. Wall, Tyne to Solway, 629. Romano-British villages, scale of comfort, 630. Rommersbury, Rich. (M.P.), 196 Romsey Abbey, Joan Abbess, 11 ; Ashton and Edington Manors given to, 7; Tiles, 362, 363, 365. Romesya, Rob. de, 379. Ronde, Rich. (M.P.), 194—197. Rooks, in fog, 92. Winter roost in Conholt Park, 92. Nesting at Rockley, 92. Rotarius, Galfridus (M.P.), 183. Rouen, siege of, 450. Rough Down, 81. VOL. XLVII. NO. CLXVI. Roundway Down, 590. Park, 590. Scene of ‘‘ Cockle and Barley,’ 434. SOULCEn OF Bristol Avon, 588. Rous | Rowse, Russ], Anth.(M.P.), Diese Edw. (M.P.), 210. John le (M.P.), 180, 182, 201. Rowde, Rob. (M.P.), 200, 202. Roynon, M. E., writings, 300. Ruddle, Canon. Auriol G., obit., A). Ke Cr Seel 9: Rudge Cup, by J. D. Cowen and I. A. Richmond, noticed, 556 —5bd8. Enamel British, 557, 558. Exhib. 1856, 557. One of set of cruets, 557. Represents Roman wall, 557. Rudloe Park (Box), 171. Rudyard, Sir B. (M.P.), 217—220. Inlemineand obit. 293: Rev. John, 293, 294. Rumboll, Dr. Ch. F , obit., 429. Rushall Downs, old cultivation, 148. Rushmore, derivation, 339. ‘““Walk’’ in Cranborne Chase, 336. Rushout, Sir John, High Sheriff of Malmesbury, 325; (M.P.) 231, 263. Russell, Hen. (M.P.), 188. John (MEP), 202, 205. OS: 344. Rob. (M.P.), 196. Ss Jen WA Walle (MPs) bie Rutt, Rob., 524. Rybury Camp (All Cannings), internal fosse, 510. Ryeley, Hugh (M.P.), 212. Rythersdene, 337. yer el nosi de: law scheator, D5 (ULE) U4, IUS)3s, Sadler, Elinor, 391, 392: Monu- ment in Cathedral, 388, 389. Geo., 392, 393. John, 396. Mary, 393, 395; Will of, 395, 396. Thos , 139, 388— 391, 393 ; House in Close, Salisbury, 380; Will of. 395. Sir Thos. at Sherborne House, Salisbury,~390, 391, 394, 395 ; Entertains James I, 397, 398, 404; Will. of, 392, 393. Will, 391. 728 INDEX TO Sacheverell, Will. (M.P.), 226. Sackville, Ch. (M.P.), 237. Chr. (M-P.), 211. Saer, Will. (M.P.), 180. Saintbarbe family of Ashington, pedigree, 388, 389. Mary, 385. Rich., 389. hose 389. Thomasine, 385. St. Cross, Martin of, bequest to Grey Friars, 38. St. John, Geo. Rich. (M.P.), 243. Hen. (M.P.), 224—231, 239, 240, 242, 243, 248. John (M.P.), 216, 234. Nich. (M.P.),212. Sir Walt.(M.P.), 220, 221, 223, 224, 226. St. Kilda, sheep, 622. St. Weser, -Arthe= My Waiscount Donerail, (M.P.), 237. St. Mary Bourne, Portway, 513. St. Mere 1l’Eglise, Will., Arch- deacon, 333, 334. St. Omers, Thos. de (M.P.), 178 St. Peters (Worc.), 354. St. Quintin, Chitty (M.P.), 234. Sale (Ches,), 123. Sale, Rich. de la (M.P.), 177. Salesbury, John de (M.P.), 187, 196. Salisbury, 245. And Winchester Journal, 405. Angel Inn, 396. ‘‘ Architecture in City and Close,” illustrated, by R. Grundy Heape, noticed, 138. Audley House, 138. Avon Navigation by T. S. Willan, 592—594. Birds, 93, 95, 97—108, 110, I11, 113. Black Friars, dissolution, 47. Black Horse Inn, 271. Castle gate removed, Royal arms, 289, 290, 292. Chit: ‘touched ”’ for the evil, 302, Salisbury Cathedral, described by A. G. Robertson, noticed, 558, 559, 571. Air view, 559. Altar frontal, 559; High altar reredos, 559; Altar of St. Osmond, 458 ; Altar piece, 463. Audley Chantry Chapel, 384, 455. Beauchamp, Bp., chantry plate, 460. Bennet, Dr, Thos., Cadaver tomb, 460. Bingham, Bp.,site oftomb, VOL. XLVII. 456. Brasses, 464. Bricklesworth Prebend for lec- turer, 301. Canons, Abbot of Sherborne, not residentiary, 381 ; Number reduced at Refor- mation, 381, Chancellor to teach theology, 301. | Chantry of Hen. Blontesdon, 384. Chapel of B.V M., rent paid for light, 380. Chapter House roof, 559; Tile pavement, 362, 364—367, 370. Cheyney, Sir John, effigy, 464. Choir ceiling paintings restored, 559 ; Screen of 13th cent. removed, 462: Choir School founded, 186; Voices augmented - for royal visits, 397. Choristers, old, memorial, 559. Church- yard closed for burials, 463. Clerks to attend lectures, 301. Clock, earliest known, 618 ; Removed to Cathedral from belfry, 612, 613; Rent paid for maintenance, 613; New clock given, 613. Cloister, Dutch prisoners of war in, 393, 613 ; Lead roof sold, 454; Used for burials, 463. Closed for Wyatt’s work, 463. Conse- cration, 610. Door, new in Ne aisle, 277. Ed. VI, gift, 302, Eliz., Queen, at, 302. Fraternity of the Cath., 452. Friends of, founded, 426. Ghent, Bp. Simon of, miracles at his tomb, 136. Glass of 15th cent., 559 ; Arms in, 459. Hen. IIL at, 302. Hungerford Chantry Chapel, cost of building, 458; De- molished, 453, 457, 462 : Monu- ment of Robert Ld. Hunger- ford, by Canon J. M. J. Fletcher, 457—465; Exterior and in- terior, mural paintings, 406, 460, 461; Fragments of his tomb, 457; Remains of, in Cloister, 465; Effigy of Ld. Robert Hungerford, armour described, 464, 465; Plate, furniture and vestments, 459, 460; List of Chantry Priests. and rules of conduct, 453, 465 ; INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. 729 Proposed use as burial place, 462. Tomb of Lord Walter Hungerford, by Canon J. M. J. Fletcher, 447—456; Brasses, matrices of, 453, 456; Plate seized, 453; Iron Chapel in nave as Bishop’s pew, 404; Moved to choiras Radnor pew, 455—457 ; Chantry Priests’ stipends and list of, 452, 465. Duke of Kent’s body at, 302. Lambert bequest, 273. Lectern brass eagle sold, 454. Lady Chapel, 559. Laud’s visitation, 382. Library, half pulled down, 454. Monuments of Lady Chapel, Hungerford and Beauchamp Chapels moved into nave, 463 ; Hertford monument, 559 ; Sydenham cadaver, 460. Muniment room repairs, 426. Organs given by Geo, III and Miss Chafyn Grove, 302. Pigeons nesting, 109. Priest of the Morrow Mass, 384. Rushes for King’s visit, 397. Screen by Wyatt, 463. Spire, 138; Oyster shells, 277; Repairs, bequest for, 452. Tiles, paving, 362, 464. Vestry and muniment room, 559, 609. Views of, 609. Wyatt’s alterations and des- truction, 462, 463. Salisbury Cathedral Belfry, Canon J. M. J. Fletcher on, 608—616. Described, 614. Bells, 291; Broken, 612; Neglected, 611; Number of, 610, 611; Recast, 291, 611; Removed to Cathedral, 612; Rung by Altarists, 610; Sold, 454, 612. Building of, 291. - Foundations visible, 291. Ground plan, 612 In civil war, siege of, 291, 393, 613. Plan for repair of, 614. Pulled down, materials sold, 291, 462, 614, 615. Salisbury Close, Ale Houses suppressed, 614. Arundels, 559. Chapel, 380. Choristers School, 138, 559, see also. Cathedral. Chantry Priests Houses, 383, 384, 386; Demolished, 385; List of priests, etc., 384; Sold, 381, 387 ; Audley Chantry Priests, 385, 386. Deanery, old, 379, 453 ; Exhib. of pictures, 559. Ditch, 380. Harnham Gate, 277, 559. Hemingsby, 138, 559; Built of materials from Old Sarum Chapel, 139. Grammar School, 385. House with secret chamber, 138. Jacob’s House built by Dr. Heale, 138 ; Visited, 4. King’s House, Prebendal Man- sion of Sherborne Monastery, by C. R. Everett, 379—411 ; Alterations as Training Coll, Chapels. retcs, 403, 404 ; Architecture, W. H. R. Blacking on, 400; Area in 15th cent., plan, 384, 385 ; Arms of Hen. P. of Wales in glass, 397 ; Area of in 15th cent., 384, 385; Cut up into tenements, 398, 399 ; Dio. Training Coll., 1849, 403 ; Disputed ownership after Reformation, 384; Elizabethan extension T. Sadler’s work, 380, 386, 391, 399; Gateway destroyed, 401, 404 ; Grants by Dean and Chapter, 387; To Ld. Cheney, 383; To Geo. White, 383; Leased to Thos. and Will. Beach, 398; To Mrs. Clarke, 398; To Mary Miller, 398 ; To Sir John Slade, 400; To J. Hooper and Hugh Powell, 382, 383 ; Ld. Fenton’s Chamber, 392; Parliamentary Survey, description, 394; To let, full description, 402 ; Street on its site proposed, 404 ; Used as school, 398; Views before and after alterations, 384. Loder Prebend House, 379, 381. Matrons’ College, 138 ; Founded, 614. Mompesson House, 138; Judge’s Lodgings, 453 ; Visited, 4. N. Canonry, 559; Entrance, 1388; Garden visited, 4. Roads mended for visit of King, 397. Sub- 3 ¢ 2 730 chanter’s House, described, 382—384; Demolished, 385, 386, 400, 403. Tenements charged with obit. of Simon Mycham, 384. Walton, Isaac, Canonry, 138. Wall of Close, 391. Salisbury Grey Friars, by A. G. Little, 36—49. Notes on existing Buildings, by J. L Lovibond, 50—52, Surren- der and inventory of Goods, 52—54. Bequests to, 47. Buildings, first of wood, 37. Chapter at, described, 44, 47. Church, Felon takes SANCtuaisy, voiie Giles): irom Hen. III; Grant of timber, 36, 37. ID Pee SieMike WA “Ol Sie, Francis, meets at, 46. Friars, notable, 38, 39; Number of, 37, 41; Preaching in Cathedral, 46: Relations with Cathedral and city, good, 41, 43. House, alterations, 1350, 43; Bought by Will. Windover, 50; Inscription on wall, 50; Plan and illustrations, 40; Requests for grant of House, etc., 47; Tiles, paving, 366, 367: Value of House, Church, etc., 49; Water hole, 51. Rich IJ at, 44, 302. Stephen (Friar), death, 38. Stone from Old Sarum given _ for Church, 41, 42. Surrender, inventory of goods, vestments, etc., 48. Visited by Cathed- ral choir, 46. Salisbury Museum, 149, 156, 157, 411, 488, 499. Objects= ime 567, 659. Blue stone from Boles barrow, 267. Develop- ments in 21 years, 149. Egyptian scarab, 413. Giant and Hob Nob, 154, 157. Guilds, relics of, 149. Mace stand, 535, 536. Report, 154. Watch bill, Amesbury, 523. Wyndham galleries, 154. Visited, 4. Salisbury, Bishop’s Palace, 291. An Inn, 3983. Altera- tions by Bp. Barington, 462. INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. James IL at, 1688, 302. Visits of Kings, 397. Salisbury, Buck’s Views, 292. Charter of James I, 536. Church of St. Clement, Fisher- ton, demolished, 291. Church of St. Edmund, 289. Church of St) Martin, V289). 2918 Church of St. Thomas, 292 ; Organ from Cathedral, 302. College of St. Edmund, 289, 291, 385 ; Dissolved, 301 ; Founded by Bp. Walter de la Wylye, 300; House built by Wadham Wyndham, 292. Church House, 609. Corpor- ation maces, 3rd mace bought, 535. Council House, old, 292 ; New built, 567. Dean, an absentee, 136. Diocesan Gazette, hist. of, 547. Domiuni- cans, 41. Drainage works, antiquities found, 147. Elm Grove, 289. Eyre’s alms- houses, 289. Free school, 566. Geo: I at, gifts; 302% George Inn, old, 138. Greencroft, 289. Godolphin School, history, 400. Guild- hall, old bell from, 567 ; Pulled down, sketch of, 567. Hall in New Street, 138. High- field Pits, Fisherton, model, 161; Objects from, 149. House called La Ryole, 43. House of John Hall, 138. Husseys’ Almshouses, 289. Infirmary, 134. King’s Arms, 138. La Tene brooch, 285. Library, Public, treas- ures of, 304. Manor Road, 289. Members of Parliament, List of, 177—264. Milford Hill, 289. Mitre House, 138. Paleolithic flints, 157. Plague, 153. Plume of feathers, entrance, 138. Poultry Cross, 138. Ram- part, levelled, 289, 291. Rich, III, visit, 381. Royal visit, 1610, expenses, 397 ; Canon Fletcher on, noticed, 302. St. John’s Isle, Chapel, Tiles, 367. St. Nicholas’ LNDEXG LOY VOLa XE Vit 731 Hospital, 291 ; Bp. Barrington’s benefactions, 462; Tiles, 366, 367. Salt Lane, 289. Swans, ‘‘Game of,’’ on river, 393 Mailors’ “Guild “-and ital chest and charter, 157. ““ Times,’ editor, 127. Token, 441. Trinity Hos- pital, foundation, 291. Theological College founded by Bp. Burnet, and Medieval Schools; by) M-—E=. Roynon, noticed, 300, 301. Vanished Landmarks, by F. Stevens, noticed, 567. Vaux, College de, founded, 300; Dissolved, 301. Victoria, Princess, visit, 302, 303. Voysey, Miss, School, King’s House, 405. View, early oil painting, F. Stevens on, 289— 292. Will. ip at W688, 302. Wilts Arch. Soc. Meeting, 1934, 1—6, 316. Winchester Gate, de- molished, 289, 291. Wind- over House, 41, 562. Words- worth, Bp. J., School, 130. Salisbury, Bishop of, 583, 584; Residences in the Diocese, 137 ; Salisbury Square, site of Lon- don House, 137. Salisbury, Earl of, 334, 336, 450. Salisbury Plain, 620. Birds, 91, 92, 96, 104—106, 109, 111. Geology, 620. Hawking, on, 143. Sallway, Mr., 341. Salman, Rob. (M.P.), 196, 199, 200, 201. Salomon, Friar, 42. Salter (Saltere) Edw., 346. Will. (M.P.), 195, 197—199. Salthrop House, 257. Samborn, Nich. (M.P.), 198. Sambrooke, Sam. (M.P.), 230. SanctoLaude, John de(M.P.),184. Sancto Martino, Laurence de (M.P.), 191, 193, 194. Sancto Mauro, Thos. de (M.P.), 190. Sandbox, 157. Sandputte (Sandpit), 337, 338. Sanderson, Helen, d. of Isaac C., 134, Sir James (M.P.), 245, | Sandpiper, Common, 109. Green, 110. Sandy, G., gift, 569. Sanford, Hugh (M.P.), 215. Sanger, Will. 533, 534. Saredon, Gt. tile kiln, 360. Sargant Walls 322% Sarsens, fire and water method of breaking, 663. Tabular, 140. Sarum, Old, 439. Barrow with bound skeletons, Saxon ? 409. Birds, 96, 100. Castle excavations, 438. Castle Inn, 310. Church of St. John in suburb, excavation, 310. Excavations by J. F. S. Stone and J. Charlton, noticed, 310. Gates and suburbs, 310. Medizval interments ex- cavated, 316. Medieval power. 149,310: NeRSe vist on 7 7——264- Painted by Constable, 159. Portway, 407 Preservation of amenities, bequest by J. C. Hudson, 127, 531. Roman roads, 513. Stone used at, 310. Dreasunye of «Cathy stone from given to Grey Friars, Salisbury, 42. Savernake, Birds, 94, 98, 101. Forest, 27, 28; Heronry, 106; Oaks given toGrey Friars, Salis- bury, 36, 37. Hospital, Leaf bequest, 297, 425. Straw plaiting, 281. Savery, Thos., 309. Savige, Esna, 341, 344. Savile, Sir Will. (M.P.), 219. Sawbridge, Jacob (M.P.), 232. Sawyer, John (M.P.), 232. Sir Rob., 324. Saxon advance in the Thames valley, 147. Architecture, see Lympleystoke Church. Burials at Woodbridge (N. Newnton), described, 265, 316. Iron umbo of shield, 265. Pirates raid E. coast, 631. Saxons in N. and S. Wilts, distinction between, 147. Saxton, Sir Ch. (M.P.), 251. Scallop shell, Early Bronze Age, Ratfyn, 60, 65. “739 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Scanes, Farmer, 522. Scanter, Peter (M.P.), 199. Scarabs, faked from Egypt, 412, 413. Scarborough, pottery, 477. Scargyll, Thos. (M.P.), 205. Scarlett, Will., warden of Eding- ton, 9. Schomberg family, 133. tlie 133. Edmund C., obit., 133. jos--f5 133. “Scotland ”’ (Lake), 152. Scott, Claude (M.P.), 248. Dorothy, 340. John, 340; (M.P.),202,212. Sam.(M.P.), 248. Thos, 343 7 “(VEP*), 189. Will. (M.P.), 263, 264 ; Will. H. J. (M.P.), 253, 254 ; Sir Will. (M.P.), 246, 247, 253. Scotton, Edw. (M.P.), 221. Scratchbury Camp, bank breached by flood ? 539. Scribler, defined, 353. Scriptor Wally (ME RS). aie Scudamore, Ch. F. (M.P.), 240. Seager, Rog., 340, 344. Sam., 340. Seagery, Christian, 341. Secret of the Coup d’Etat, 424. Seend, 435 House 138. Lodge, 133. Manor Cottage, 429. Selden, John (M.P.), 217, 218. Seler, Rich. le (M.P.), 184, 186. Selfe, Jacob, 353. Selyman, Rob. (M.P.), 185, 188. Thos. (M.P.), 177. Selwode, John de (M.P.), 187, 203. Selwood Forest, 27, 28. Selwyn, Ch. (M.P.), 236. Geo. Aug. (M.P.), 237, 242, 244, 245. Selyrs, Rich. de (M.P.), 188. Semer [Sener], Hugo (M.P.), 177. Walt. (M P.), 179. Sergeant, Walt. (M.P.), 203, 204. Serient, Jos., 341. Servynton Olivers ders MEE.): 189. Settlement of paupers, certificate of, 352. Sevenhampton, 546. Deeds, ail: Earth circles, 115, 118, 119. Will of, warden of Edington, 9, Severn, John € (MiP) 2515 Seymour, of Trowbridge, Ld., 261. Algernon, Earl of Hertford (M.P.), 230, 233. Ch. (M.P.), 218, 222. David (MOPS oil a Sin | Bdws (M:P.), 231, 236) lize Duchess of Northumberland, 557. Francis (M.P.), 235; Sir Francis (M.P.), 216—219, 260, 261. Jane, miniature by Holbein, 274. John (M.P.), 201, 204, 206, 207, 209; John, Duke of Somerset (M.P.), 222) Rich. (M.P.), 207. Rob. (M.P.), 209. Thos. (M.P.), 190. Sir Will. (M.P.), 216. Seynt Low [Seintlawe], Edw. (MEE). 4133, John (M.P.), 190, 204. Seynt Need, Will. de (M.P.), 192. Seynt Omer, Will. de (M.P.), 188. Shadewell, John de (M.P.), 190. Rob, de (M.P.), 185. Shaftesbury Abbey founded, 517. Mabel Gifford, Abbess, 40. Prebends, 517. —- Property after dissolution, 339, 518. Shaftesbury, Earl of, 593. Shafts, Rob. (M.P.), 242—244, 264. Shakespear, Rose M. L., d. of IX Sop 4 VAD Shalbourne, Church, visited, 317. Sharcot Farm, 297. Sharington, Hen. (M.P.), 211; Sir Hen. held); property. ot Shaftesbury Abbey, 518; Pre- sents toLiddingtonPrebend,518. Olive, 518. Sir Will., arms, 375. Sharp, Edw., 341. Shaw, Ben. (M.P.), 252. Shaw Lefevre, Ch. (M.P.), 257. Shaw Mellor, A., Excavation of mound on Totney Hill, Box, 169 —176, 316. Box Parish Records, 346—357. Notes on Bury Wood Camp, Colerne, 504—512. Gifts, 161, 164, 311, 441. Shaxton, John, 48, 52, 54. Sheep bones, Bronze Age, 485, INDEX TO 659. Domestic, origin of, primitive breeds, 622. Exodus from Wilts, 435, 436. Merinos in Wilts, 302. Sheepsbridge (Yorks.), 132. Sheffeld, Rob. (M.P.), 207. Shefford, East or Little, Church, Fettiplace monuments, 319. Shefford, West or Gt., Church visited, 319. Shefford Woodlands, Church, font, a Pillar Piscina, wood carving, 319. Shelburne, Earl of, 423. Life Ome valle, earl of, by Ld. Fitzmaurice, noticed, 295. Sheldon, Ralph (M.P.), 248—250, DO, ASS). AA5\5), Sheldons Manor House, 124. Sheld Duck, 87, 107. Shell, Thos., 346. Shepherd’s crook given, 570. Sheppard [Shepherd], Fras. (M.P.), unseated, death, 503. Rob., 341, 3438, 344. Sam. (I & II), elected, bribery, expelled, death, 500—503. Thos., 341. Sherborne Abbey, 400. Sherfield, Hen. (M.P.), 216—218. Sheriff's coach and javelins given, 161. Javelin men, B. H. Cunnington on, 274 ; Abolished, 274. Javelins lent to Assize Courts, 314. Sherston Gt, Church, Rattlebone Chest, date, 155. Courts Leet and Baron cease, 543, 544, Cresswell family of Pinkney, Lords of Manor, 544. Fairs, three yearly, 544. Poor house, 565. Rattle- bone Inn, 544. Sherston Pinkney, 225. Sherwin, Mr., 343. Rich. (M.P.), 220. Shetland sheep, 622. Shewring, Hen., 351. Shiel, J. St. M., 85. Shields, H. G., Merino sheep, 302. Shillingfleet, Edw., 354. Shillingford, Mrs., 399. Shipton Moyne (Glos.), 280. Shirburne, Nich. (M.P.), 189. VOL. XLVII. 130 Shirle, Walt. (M.P.), 200-—202. Shirley House (Surrey), 546. Shirwode, Thos. (M.P.), 202. Shoemakers’ thread, 346. Shoes, old, hidden in houses for luck, 157. Short, Thos. 456. Shoryn, John (M.P.), 191. _Shotesbroke, Rob. (M.P.). 202. Shotewelle, Rich. (M.P.), 202. Rog. (M.P.), 195, 196. Shoveler, 107. Shrapnell, Lt.-Gen.Hen.,inventor, 403. Shrewton, 130. Birds, 93, 95, 97—99, 101—103, 105, 106, 108, 111. Great Flood, 538. School, scarab, 412, 416, 418. Shrike, Gt. Grey, 87, 98. Red Backed, 89, 98. Shroud of trees, 522. Shuckburgh, Diana, d. of Will. P., 8, 143. Sidmouth, Death of D. of Kent, 302. Sidmouth, Viscount, 248; Pays for Devizes Market Cross, 156. Sifrewast (Syfrewast), family property, 334. Rich. de, 334. Sigewine’s Dyke, nr. Chiselbury, 22% Sigismund, K. of the Romans, . 449, Silbury Hill, 159, 317, 439. Drawing, 161. lela by, Office of Works, 278. Silchester, Roman, 629. Portway Rd. from Old Sarum, 513. Silk Hill, barrows, 439. Silke, Hugh, 340. Sille,; John (M.P.), 196. Simpkins, Jos., 341, 344. Simpson, Geo., 378. Sireman, John (M.P.), 181. Rob. (M.P.), 188. Siskin, 94. Skepwith, Sir Thos. (M.P.), 227. Skillyng, John (M.P.), 202. Mich. (M.P.), 191, 208. Skinner, Ralph (M.P.), 212. Simon (M.P.). 199, 200. Skinner, alias Kennet, 269. 734 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Skipwith, Sir Thos., 500. Skittles played, 275. Skrine of Warleigh (Som.), by E, W. Ainlie Walker, 442. Skylark, Albino, 96. Slade, Edw., 340, 341, 344. J. J., gifts, 164; Member of committee, 317; On Stone- henge markings, 530, 531. Gen. Sir John, at Sherborne House, 400, 403; Wine sold, 401, Slaughterford, prick spur, 667. Sling stones, round pebbles, 645. Sloper, Jonathan, 345. Will. (M.P.), 213, 232, 235, 236, 238. 263. Sloperton Cottage, the tenant of, by B. M. Gough, noticed, 181. Slyfelde, Will. (M.P.), 208. Slykeborn, Rich, de, 40. Small pox and innoculation, 546. Smith, Mrs., school in Sherborne House, 398. Abel (M.P:), 251 Rev. A. C., note, 584. Ch, (M.P.), 248. Charlotte, 293. Edw. le (Morar Sil Fras., 343, 523. Hen., 342; Hen: (MEP:), 249, 250; Hen. le (M.P.), 181. John (M.P.), 223, 224, 226. Jioshuak eit br Ooty: 32 Ol yStokes Paikia (Mos) 244, 246, 248—250, 252. Margaret, 342 Phile(MeR*) 219. INOS, Oo OCS, OL Rich: 24: o(MeRA 199) 215, 242. Robe (Me 200; 201. Sam. (M.P.), 245, 247. Thos. (M.P.), 195, 196, 199, 210, 214: Of Potterne, notes on Potterne, 132, 275, 276. Sir Walt. (M.P.), 219. Will., 342; (M.P.) 203. IDI, WN Campbell, 468, 480. Wives IRC, drawings, 275. Whitehead, 433. Smuggling at Chiselbury, 24. Snail Down Barrows, 439. Snailum, Geo., 133. inal ee Terence W., 133. Walt., Oo. 13333. Snakenborg, Helena, biog., 157. Wikis Iel.. a7. Snell Nichia (Melee eee. oh: Snelling, John, 395, 396. Snigge, Geo. (M.P.), 214. Snipe, Common, nesting, 110. Jack, 91, 111. Snook, James, 534. Snow, James, 525. Snyput, John (M.P.), 197. Soames, Rev. Ch., 293. Rev. Gordon, obit., 159, 293. Solasse, Rog. (M.P), 194. Solbury, Little, pottery, 476. Sole, Rev. W., 85. Somerford, Great, Church, H. Brakspear on, 124. Medieval Dispute as to Presentation to Rectory. By Canon F. H. Manley, 330 -339. Pauper emigrants to Canada, 151. Property of Kington Priory, do4 ; Of Walt. Maltravers, 334. Rectors in 14th cent., 334. Somerhough, A. G., 57, 58, 67. Somers, Ann, 340. Lilian, d. Of Walt 23: Sonning —~ (Berks),= Rallace of Bishops of Salisbury, 137 ; Excavated, 126 ; Woodland, 27. Sorel, Rog. (M.P.), 190. Sotheworthe, Galfiridus (M.P.), 207. Sotwell. Rog. (M.P.), 194—196. Will. (M.P.), 216. South Lodge Camp, Rushmore, excavated, 472, 640; Pottery, 477. Southampton, Earl of, 456; Property in New Forest, 337 ; Held of Shaftesbury Abbey, 518. Southbroom House, 274; Nisbet family, 312. Southey, Rob. (M.P.), 256. Southwick, Anabaptist meetings, 560. Church font for aime mersion, 560. Land given to Edington Chantry, 7. Open-air baptisms, 560. Sowche, Rich. (M.P.), 213. Spanish bags, 345, Sparowe, And. (M.P.), 205. Sparrow Hawk, 106. Sparrows, payment for, 390. Hedges bunt, 025 House, \ INDEX TO Albino, 95. 95. Spechele[Spechisley], Rob.(M.P.), 204. Spedemomm (MIP) tis, 179. Speke, family, 442; Pedigree, 556. Sir Geo., 639; (M.P.), 225. Hugh of Hazlebury, 637 ; Note on, 639; Sir Hugh (M.P.), 222, 261. Speke Petty, family, pedigree, 556. Geo., 353. Spencer, Sergt., 642. Edw., 344, 354. John (M.P.), 247, 248. ob: (MOP), 221. Speusermkaeh. (Mor); 198, 199: Spicer [Speycer, Spycer], Hen. le (MEA 178, _180. -Rob. (Viner 208: Will. (M.P.), velop, 198: Syoilvainicten=. (MP), 207, Spinning Turns for Poor House, J45. Spion Kop, battle, 128. Spondon (Derby), 129. Sprigurnel, Nich. (M.P.), 184. Springford, Mrs., 2. Spurrin, Mr., 348, 349. Spye Park, 565. In Pewsham Forest, 32. Squie,, |- ©. 561. Stafford, Edw. (M.P.), 212. Humphrey de (M.P.), 196. Stainburie, John, 392. Stalbrigse, john de (MP), ss. Stamburule, Phil. de (M.P.), 177. Stamford, All Saints’, Stukeley, Rector, 145. Stamp, Will. (M.P.), 209. Stanburn, Phil, de (M.P.), 179. Stancombe, Arth._P.,. 552, Fred. W., obit., 552. Standish in Downton, 225. Standlynch, 225, 242. Stanhope, Edw. (M.P.), 213. John’ (M-P.); 212. Plow. Hen. (M.P.), 257 Stanley Abbey, excavated by H. Brakspear, 123, 125. Of Hazelbury stone, 556. Paving tiles, 362, 364—367 ; Made there, 361, 367. stanley, Edw. J. (M.P.), 257. John T. (M.P.), 246. VOL. XLVII. NO. CLXVI. inec) nesting, VOL. XLVII. 735 Stanton Drew circles, of Beaker Age, 438. Stukeley on, 144. Stanton St Bernard, advowson of Prebend or Rectory granted to Earl of Pembroke, 327, 328. Joined to Alton Barnes and Priors, 327. Property of John Booth, 395. Rector and Vicar, 129. Vicarage created, 327. Stanton St. Quentin Church, fall Of spire,» 599) Rectory burnt, bell from at Devizes, O42. Stapele, Rich. (M.P.), 196. Stapeldon, Sir Rob., 518. Stapylton, Violet L., d. of Martin Bryan, 138. Starkey, ‘Major +H: S., 132) James H., obit , 182. some 1382. Starkey Smith, Dr. I. G., 318. Starling, mimicry, 93, Flocks, 93. Statham, Nich. (M.P.), 207. Stationery Office, gift, 442. Staunton [Stone Dene], 337. Staunton, Sir Geo. (M.P.), 257, 258. John (M.P.), 208. Stedman, James (M.P.), 220. Steele, Col, gift, 668. Will. (M.P.), 236. Steeple: Asiivonh 297. Spiers Piece Farm, 297. Steeple Langford, Birds, 105. steeple Lavington, given to Edington, 11, 12. Stephens, Will, (MP) e207. Stephenson, Hen. F. (M.P.), 258. Stepney, Sit ho.) 502) Stent, sources of ‘Bristol Avon, 088, O91. Stevens, E., gift, 441. Frank, 76, 163, 378, 516; Gifts, 311, 442,570 ; Hospitality, 4; Model of Highfield Pits, 161: Note, 285 ; Alabaster tablet at Mere, 540, 041 ; On Amesbury Watch Bill, 526, 527; On early view of Salisbury, 289—292 ; On Inlaid Paving Tiles of Wilts, 358—378; On wooden mace stand, Salisbury, 535, 436 ; President of Wilts Arch. Soc., 4, 313, 317, 490; Presidential 33. 10) @ 736 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. Address, 1936; 617—631 ; Work on Salisbury Museum, 149; Writings, 567. John, 343, 344. Rob. (M.P.), 221, 342. Sam., 340. Thos., 356. Will. (M.P.), 220. Stewart, Ch. (M.P.), 233. Canon Edw. on Training Col- lege, 403. Steynysham, Rich. (M.P.), 200. Stiching Oke [Sing Oke], deriva- tion, 337, 338. Stighele, Peter ati(M-Ps)) 179: Stiles, Ben. Haskins (M.P.), 232, 233. Still, Gabriel, 340, 344. Stock Dove, 108. Stockman, Will. (M.P.), 215. Stodley, Walt. (M.-P), 201, 228 Stoke Park, 244, 246. Stoke, Rich. (M.P.), 194, 195. Stokes, John de (M.P.), 191. Mary J., 562. Rich., 341. Stokke, Thos. (M.P.), 202. Stone Curlew, nesting, 90, 109. Stone implements, axe hammers, Woodhenge and Katfyn, 50, 56; Source of material, 428. Axes from Craig Llwyd, 278. Flints from Thorney Down ditches, 646. Stone, E. H., on Stonehenge, 426. Wes, Boal, gui, Ol. John (M.P.), 191—195, 208. John atte (M.P.), 192; John de (M.P.), 191. Stone, Dr. J F.S., 176, 516 ; Excava- tions at Boscombe and Easton Down, 491; Medizval inter- ments at Old Sarum, 316; Ditch at Winterbourne Dauntsey, 3; Gifts, 162, 311, 571, 666; On discoveries at Ratfyn, Amesbury, and their bearing on the date of Stonehenge, 55—67; An enclosure on Boscombe Down East, 466—489 ;s Faience beads, 661; A Late Bronze Age habitation site on Thorney Down, Winterbourne Gunner, 640; Excavations at Easton Down, Winterslow, 68—80; Unrecorded barrows and other earthworks at Ford, Laver- stock, 406—411. Stonechat, 101, Stonehenge, 438, 439, 618. Art. on noticed, 301. Altar stone always .prostrate, 139; A second one? 428. And Woodhenge, 428. Aubrey holes; later than ditch, 140. Blue Stones brought from Prescelly in Neolithic times but erected later, 141 ; Brought by sea or land, 431, 439; Lintels and Trilithons ? 139, 428; Horse shoe later than Sarsen circle, 140. Bought and presented to nation by Sit Cecil Chuo alia: Builders had knowledge of Greek architecture, 139. ~ Stonehenge) {= by) Mayor C. J. K. Pollard, noticed, 431. IDEhGS so, Col, Ik. - Jal, Cunnington on, noticed, 139; G. H. Engleheart on, 427, 428 ; Early part of Beaker period, 438 ; Battle of Mount Baydon, date of Blue stones, 431; Date 500—400 B.C., 141; Late pre- Roman, 146. Ditch laid out first, 140. Erection of stones, Theory_of, by El, Pak) jones: 284. Excavations 1920— 26, Reports on animal bones and mollusca, noticed, 299—300. “Four Stations, . £393 Friar’s Hele Stone, date given by, 140. Geoffrey of Monmouth story, founded on fact, A. Shaw Mellor on, 301. Lockyer’s calculations un- sound, 140, Markings incised on stones, Dr. L. M. Man on, 155 ; Discussed and disproved, 530, 531. Mollusca, evidence of late date, 141, 300. Orientation, 428. Ox bones, B. primigenius, 66, 67, 300. Painting by Turner, 159. Preservation of, appeals for, 426, 560, 561. Roofed, 428. Scarab found near, details, 413, 418. Stone mace head, 140. Sunrise, position for INDEX TO observing, 140. Repro- duction built in U.S.A., 559. Zand Y holes, Early Iron Age, 141. Stonehouse, Fras. (M.P.), 2238, 224, 226—229. Stonore, John de, 331, 332. Stool ball, game, 347. Stoor, Nich. (M.P.), 192. Stopford, Maj.-Gen. Edw, (M.P.), 250, 251. jjamess. arl of Court Town (M.P.), 241, 242. James Geo., Viscount (M.P.), 245, 249, 250. Stonye, john (M.P.), 211, 212. Stote Blandy; Rev. A. W. on, grant by Abbess of Wilton, 1536, 327 —329. Stourhead, Nymph, 159. Stourton, 235. Birds, 93, 109. White Sheet Castle, pottery, 569. Stourton family, recusants, 637. Charles, Ld., 556. John (M.P.), 201—203. Will, (M.P.), 199. Stowell [Stawelle], John (M.P.), 193, 194, 198. Stradlinge, Sir John (M.P.), 217. Strahan, Will. (M.P.), 241, 243. Strange, John (M.P.), 205. So Ifo, SS Strangwissh, Thos, (M.P.), 207. Stratford sub-Castle, 226, 227, 236. Birds, 95, 99, 104, 109, 111, 112, Stratford, Nich. de (M.P.), 180. Stratton St. Margaret, earth circle, A. D. Passmore on, 529, 530. Parks O29: Straw plaiting industry, Mrs. M E. Cunnington on, 281, 282. And hat making, Wilcot, 538. Street, A. G., Wiltshire in ‘‘ Eng- lighteCountry, “noticed, loz; 153 ; Writings, 158. John, 524, Strickland, Sir Will. (M.P.), 232, 233, Strode family, papers given, 571. Hugo de (M.P.), 180. Strong, Arthur, 297. Dora W. obit.; 297. John (M.P.), 205. VOL, XLVIT. 737 Stryg, John (M.P.), 179. Stubhampton, 337. “ Stukeley, Avebury and the Druids) by sstuart’ Pigeotty, noticed, 144. Will., biog., 144; MSS. and drawings, 144. Stumpe, Sir James (M.P.), 211. John (M.P.), 218. = Thos., B24, Suuinaahy,, Jaleiny CMLIE.)), 182). Will, (M.P.), 199, 201—203, 207. Sturt, Humph., 667. Styrope [Styrappe], Will. (M.P.), 2 205. fed Suffolk, Earl: of, 2962 At Agincourt, 449, 450. Lady, 432. Suleard, John (M.P.), 208, Sullivan, John (M.P.), 245. Sunday Games, Box, 347. Sunderland, Ld., 500, Surnam, Peter, 399. Surnour, John (M.P.), 206. Sutcliffe, Jos., 564. Sutton Benger Church, Archi- tecture, Sir H. Brakspear on, 595; Embroidery, 596 ; Porch, 600. - Sutton Courtenay, pit excavated, pottery rings. flints, etc., 55, 61, 62, 64, 569. Sutton Veny, Polebridge House, 132. Sutton, James, 543; Junr. (M.P.), 239—241. Swadden, Thos., 344. Will. (M.P.), 215. Swallow, 89, 102. Swallowcliffe, pit-village, 21. Swan, mute, 106. Swan, Nich. (M.P.), 201. Swanborough Hundred, 81. Swanton, Fras. (M.P.), 221, 223, 233, 261. Will. (M.P.), 223. Swayne, Hen. (M.P.), 208. WAVMNIG QMEIE | PADS). Dilet WAIL, Jog 483, Bp Wess ) Earsons erleasure «i by, noticed, 143. Sweltenham, Will. of, 11. Swift, 90, 103. Swift, Dean, 432. Wills He ““A Wiltshire Village in 1870,” noticed, 150. 3D 2 738 INDEX TO Swindon, 249, 250. Conserva- tive Soc. Minute Book, 164. County Cricket Ground, earth circle, 530. Goddard Arms Hotel, 493. G.W.R. Museum suggested, 493 ; Works visited, 493. Museum visited, 493. Wilts Arch. Soc. meeting, 1936, 490-495. Swine, number of in forests in Domesday, 26. Swiss Lake Dwellings, Neolithic dog, 621. Sydenham, Archdeacon, Cadaver Mont., 460. jiohn (MEP), 205. Simon, Dean of Salis- bury, 452; Armorial Tiles, 375. Sylyard, John (M.P.), 211. Symes, Mich. (M.P), 249. Symondesburgh, John, 518. Symonds, Capt. Rich., diary notes, 453, 454, 458, 461. Symple, John le (M.P.), 183. 'Syre, Hen. (M.P.), 184, 185. Syreford, H. de, 37. Syrencot, Poore family, monu- ments, 605. Tail, And. de (M.P.), 187. Taillour, Nich. le (M.P.), 192, 193. Talbot, Miss; 155. Cs Jal BAIS 3 Note, 596. Sir Geo. (M.P.), 224. Ivory (M.P.), 232, 235. John (M.P.), 236; Sir John (ME 22 oF Sharington (M.P.), 214, 225. Will. D., 156. W. H. Fox, first photo- graph, 562. Talmach, Col. Thos. (M.P.), 226, 262. Talmage, Gwen P., 131. Tanner, John, 465 ; John le (M.P.), 189, 199. Thos. and his ‘‘ Bibliotheca,” by W. T. Davies, noticed, 566. Tapener, John (M.P.), 198. Tarente, Edw. de (M.P.), 183, 185. Targett, John, 534. Tatlock, R. R., writings, 270. Taunton, bronze hoard, 653. Tayler, Mrs., gift, 491. Taylor, bellfounder, 520. James, 340. John, 344 ; VOL. XLVII. - Water poet, ‘‘ Journey to Salis- bury,’ 592. Michael Angelo (M.P.), 246. AIS Perces Peter (Mor2) 20s Tayllour, Rog. le, 186. Tea, not to be drunk in Poor House, 346. Teal, 91; Nesting, 107. Teffont, Rom.-Brit. burials, 428. Teffont Magna, Birds, 92. Tel el Amarna, Faience Beads, 662, 663 Telephone, earliest made in Wilts, 279. Tempest family, pedigree, 442,556. Temple, John s(imes) Zr: Rich. (MSR) Zone Temys, Thos. (M.P.), 205, 209. Tern, Little, 111. Tetbury, river, 434. Areynbuner., WV alley (Mises eho 2 Thames, 588. Estuary, swamp in early times, 619. Pottery dredged from, 586. Valley, forest in early days, 31. Thellusson, Peter Isaac (M.P.), 246. Themse, Will. (M.P.), 203, 206. Thenesdenne, 337. ‘‘ Thing ’’ in Iceland, 497. Thingley, nr. Corsham, 498. Thistlethwaite, Alex., 220, 224, 229). Thomas atte (—) (M.P.), 192. Sir Edmund (M.P.), 236. Dr. H.H., 413, 431, 638; John, Bp. of Salisbury, 612. Sir Will. B., 561. Thompson, C. J., 617. Thornborough Moor earth circles, 114. Thornboroughe, Edw. (M.P.), 214. Thornely, T. H., 85. Thornham Down, ancient cultiva- tion, 148, 149. Thorney Down, Winterbourne Gunner, 466. Ancient cultivation, 640. Barrows unrecorded, and ditch, 642. Excavations, pebbles, sling stones ? 645. Bone needle, 646. Flint implements, 354 —357, 646, 648." Late Bronze Age house site, 647, (Yorks), INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. 739 648 ; Pottery, 648, 652; Relic table, 660; Report on Mollusca, by A S. Kennard, 658; Saddle Quern, 648 ; Wood, 642. Thorp, Thos. (M.P.), 193, 205. Threshing Machine first used, 304. Throckmorton, Anth. (M.P.), 212. Sir Bayneham (M.P.), 221. Johna(Ve 208; 210: Nich: (M.P.), 210. Thrush, Pied, 100. Thurnam, IDX, John, 543; Appreciation of, 440; On modern markings on Stone- henge, 531. Thursby, John H. (M.P.), 236. ingamer (Che (MEP.), 218. Simejames) (MUP)F 2195 222, John (MEP) 213-215; 225 om John (M-P:), 211, 2h2, O15. hose ands Site abhos, _ (M.Ps.), 214—218, 221— 224, 260. iiiyspledene, Hen: de (M.-P), 177, 178. Tichfield, Canon of, 453. Tidcombe, long barrow, ox horns, 585. Tidworth, Birds, 105. Til, river, 590. Tiler, Bet, 346. : Tiles, paving, of Wilts, by F. Stevens, 358378. Arms used merely as decoration, 363. Border tiles, Malmesbury, 365. Designs, described, 362, 363; Distribution of, 364 ; Pictorial rare, 363; Sporting, 365. Dutch delft tiles, patterns reversed, 541. Earliest tiles at Westminster, 362.. Holes on back, 361, 368. Kilns for, excavated, 360. MiaGe Oimlly joy Monasteries, 358, 360. Method of manufacture, 358, 359. Stamp for making, 359. Tiles from Heytesbury _ House, 570. Tilshead, Birds, 104. Skeleton found, 267. oo Wilh? sey. 589. Woodland, 27. Tin in Brittany and Cornwall, 627, Tinkley Bottom, 338. Old pond, 339. Tinney and Cobbam, Messrs., DOr vale Tintern Abbey, H. Brakspear on, 125. Tirah, expedition, 128. Tisbury Barn, 159. Birds, 109. Churchyy ssurdeyaito, noticed, 568; Helmet of Sir Thos. Arundell, 568. Yew tree, 568. Tit, Blue, 97. Coal, 97. Great, 97. Long Tailed, 97. Marsh, 97. Willow, 87, 98. Tichborne, Sir Walt. (M.P.), 217. dims silas (MPs) 2215 Tobacco pipes, coll. of, Salisbury Museum, 149. Made at Amesbury, 1664, 542. Tockenham, Grebe, 108. Manor Farm, H. Hathway killed, 152. Tocotes, Rob. (M.P.), 208. Rog. (M.P.), 207. Todde, Rob. (M.P_), 205. Tollard Farnham, 338. Tollard Royal, 338. Mollere, Lhos. (MP), 178: iolre; Rhos, de (MeP), 179. Tompson, Lawrence (M.P.), 214. Toms, H. S., 335. Tony, John (M-P.), 178. Tooke, J. Horne (M.P.), 247. Tooker, Edw. (M.P.), 220—222. Giles (M.P.), 215. Tookie, Barth (M.P.), 218. Popclitie, Kich, (M-P-)), 213: Topp, Thos., 533, 534. Toppere, Rob. (M.P.), 185, 186. Torney, Walt. (M.P.), 207. Tosier, Clement. bell founder, 611. Totney Elautneyl) Enlly) sBbex; mound excavated, 175, 316. Totterdown House, visited, 317. Tovey, Duncan, gift, 569. Tower Hill, 466. Townsend, Calderwood & Co.., 44. David, 340. John, 340, 344. Humphrey, 341. Jos. (M.P.), 236. Rog. (M.P.), 208. Townshend, Chauncey (M.P.), 740 INDEX TO 237—239, 263. 242, 244. Tracey, Rach’. (Mop )s 209: Sir Thos. (M.P.), 216. Trade in Early Iron Age, 627. Trafalgar, 159. Pictures from exhibited, 559. Trap, game of, 347. Trautbeck, John (M.P.), 205. Tree Creeper, decreasing, 97. Trenchard, Will. (M.P.), 224, 225, 227. 262: Will., monument in N. Bradley Church, 560. Trevor, Sir John (M.P.) 218, 222, 261. Trewe, John, 465. Tristram, Dr. E. W. on Mural Paintings in Inglesham Ch., 527—529; in Oaksey Church, 632. Trochulus hispidus, 65, 300, 486, 658. fropenell} > sSirihoss, stombrat Corsham, 601. Tropzolum speciosum, 5. Trotman, Anth., 524. Trowbridge Church, guide, 441. Cradle Bridge Mills, 552. Cricket Club, 552. Foot Beagles, 132. Kemp and Hewitt’s Mills,564. Manvers Street Methodist Church, Hist. of, 564, 565. Metal Cross given, 570. River, 434. Tea Company, gift, 570. Ushers’ Brewery, 133. Wafers with view of Church, 570. Woodlands, 552. Trowbridge, Will., 534. Troyes, Treaty of, 451. Trumbell, Will. (M.P.), 218. Trumper, Hen., 550. Will. F., 85; Obit., 550. Trundle, The Camp, Flints, 62. Trygotte, Thos. (M.P.), 206. Tuck, E.N., 176. Tucker, Hen., 340, 342, 343. Hugh (M.P.), 212. John, 456. W. H. 132. Tudeworth, Rich. de. (M.P.), 185. Reg. de (M.P.), 178. Tufa, used in roof of Malmesbury Abbey, 532. Tugwell, Humphrey, 343. James (M.P.), VOL. XLVII. Tull, John (M.P.), 210. Tunkes, John (M.P.), 210. Turgeys, John (M.P.), 209. furner, sin Pdw (Ves 235.02 608 Geo., 535. James, 534. Rich., 534. Turnor, Rob. (M.P.), 214, 215. Wille; a2: Turtle Dove, 90, 109. Dutt Alex. (MEPs. Zila Tutty, Vincent, 62: Twining (Glos.), 354. Twisse, Horace, 255, 256. Twite, 94. Twynehow, Will. (M.P.), 205. Twyny, Edmund (M.P.), 210. Tylee, John, 350. Tylney, John, Earl of (M.P.), 239. _ Rob. (M.P.), 205, 206. Tylney Long, Sir James (M.P.), 243—245. Tylney Long Wellesley, Will. P. (MEP) 253: Tympeneye, Nich. (M.P.), 199. Tyndale, Rob. (MERA eZ 01 Thos. (M.P.), 201, 210. Tyssington, John, 44, 46. Uffenham [Ufnam], John (M.P.), 203—206, 208. Rog. (M.P.), 208. Uffington Camp, visited, 494. Church visited 493. Parish Hall, 493. White Horse copied from British coins, 494: Made by Belge, 439; Visited, 494. Uganda, Work of Rev. J. M. Duncan, 428, 429. Ughtred, Hen. (M.P.), 213. Umfreville, Sir Gilbert, 450. Umfrey, Thos. (M.P.), 206. Umpton, Edw. (M.P.), 210 ; Hen., (M.P.), 211. Uncles, Barclay, gift., 161, 315. Upavon Downs, ancient cultiva- tion, 148. Uphill, John, 535. Upham, Upper, House, H. Brakspear on, 124. Upton Lovel, birds, 101. Church and_ history, notes given, 667, 668. Burnet’s Almshouse, notes, 668. INDEX TO Enclosure award, 668. Rights of way, notes, 668. Upton, family, MS. notes, 667. John de (M.P.), 190—193. Weilie, — ((M(IP 4), — IEA), 197. Ur, iron implements, 626. Urnfield culture in S. Wilts, 626. Urquhart, D. C., 85. Urus, Horns said to have been found at Cherhill, M. E. Cunnington on, 583 —586. Urwin, Christian, 395. Mary, d. of Will., 395. Vachell, Oliver (M.P.), 210. Valeys, John (M.P.), 200. Valois, Kath. de, 451. Vallonia, costata, 65, 486, 658. excentrica, 65, 79, 486. pulchella, 65. Wanewlen-and sir Hen. (MP), 219, 220, 237. Vansittart, Nich. (M.P.), 248— 250. Vatatzes, John, Emperor, 38. Vaughan, Ben. (M.P.), 245. Mlimow ds. of hos. 39), 392. nase (MER). e212: Rob., 387. aihosn (MBs); 206. Sir Walt., 215. Vavasour, Ihos. (M.P.), 213. Vellard, John (M.P.), 189, 190. Verney, John (M.P.), 233, 236. Vermon, James (M.P.), 230. Verona, architectural fragments, 433. Vertigo pygmea, 65, 79, 486. Vespasian’s Camp, lpyaiaul< breached ? 540. Vestments, a suit defined, 53. In Grey Friars’ inventory, 53, 54. Vezey, John, 346. Vigors, Capt. R. P. L., gift, 569. ~ Villiers, John C. (M.P.), 243, 244. Alias Danvers, Rob.(M.P.), 261. aiivosay iebyde (MPs); DART 6 Vincennes Castle, Hen. V died at, 451. Viner, Thos., 534. Visitation fees, 347, 348. WO SAA 7A4l Vitrea crystallina, 65, 486, 658. Vitrina pellucida, 486. Vivaish, Rob., 340. Von Ostheim, Count, 171, 176. Vortex lapicida, 299, 486. Vosgues, John de, 450. WVoysey,, Mis.) Wadiesss school? Salisbury, 398, 399. Vyall, Rich. (M.P.), 208. Vyle, Hen., 524. Vyrly, Rob. (M.P:); 190: Vyvonia, John de (M.P.), 180. Wacz, Gilbert (M.P.), 191. Wade, Geo. (M.P.), 233. Wadham Coll., Oxon, 13. Wager, Will. (M.P.), 177. Wagon horse bells, set given, 441, 570. Old, given, 161, 315. Wagtail, Blue Headed, 96. Grey, increasing,97. Pied, 97. White, 97. Yellow, 88, 96. Wainwright, Major C. B., 85. Waisel in Wilton Park, wood rights, 25. Waite, David, gift, 570. Wake, Hugo (M.P.), 178. Wakecomb, Rich., 342 Walbury Camp, break in bank by flood ? 539. Visited, 318. Walcot (Swindon) held by Milo Crispin & Levenot, 553; Waldegrave, Dr., 269. Waldreth, Peter (M.P.), 193. Walkadyn, Thos. (M.P.), 212. Walker family, monuments, Lyneham, 607. Mrs., gifts, 666, 667. 1s Wo HNe, QR 442, Rev. F. G., 666, 667. Rob., 52. Walkynton, Will. de (M.P.), 190. Wallace, Thos. (M.P.), 249. Waller, John (M.P.), 208. Rich. (M.P.), 206. Wallingford, Honour of, held by MiloCrispin, Merged in Ewelme, 553. Wallingford, Wigod de, 553. Wallis, John, 340. Wallop, John (M.P.), 199. Walrond [Walraund], Adam, (M.P.). 179, 181, 183, 184. 742 INDEX TO Thos; (MiP), 205. Will. (M.P.), 208. Walsh, Ben. (M.P.), 251. E. J..R., 418. Walsingham, Lady, 388. 390. Walters, Will. (M.P.), 205, 218. Walters, H. B., on Aldbourne Church bells, 284; ‘‘ Church Bells of Wilts,’ 609. Siok hospitality, 493. Waltham, John, Bp. of Salisbury, 44. Waltiers, Will. (M.P.), 199. Wanborough, Birds, 99. Callis, Foxbridge, and Inlands Farms, 551. Croft, The, 551. Deeds, 441. Field Map, 163. Foxhill, Roman road at, 287. Plain, Roman road and lynchets, A. D. Passmore on, 287. Roman bronze weight, 311. Roman station, 529. Tiles, 364, 367. Wancklen, Thos. (M.P.), 223. Wansdyke, 314. Excavation, 1934, 168. Milk Hill and Shepherds Shore, breaches in dyke from floods ? 539. Warbler, Dartford, increasing, 99, Garden, 99. Grass- hopper, 99. Marsh, 87, 88, 99. Reed, Sedge, and Willow, 88, 99. Wood, 88, 99. Ward, Capt. H. N., 85. John OME.) 2315238" Johnwied: Ward, 238); jonn=] We (MEE. 248. Joshua (M.P.), 263. Bp. Seth founds College of Matrons at Salisbury, 614. Thos. (M.P.), 205. Wardour, Vale of, 620. Flint implements, 22. Woodland in Domesday, 3. Wardour, Ld. Arundel of, and Cranborne Chase, 336. Chidiac? (VGA hae 21a Sir Edw. (M.P.), 216, 217. Warmere = Larmer, 338. | Warmewell, Will.(M.P.),195—-198. Warminster, Birds, 100, 104. Boreham, 135. Derivation, 135. Woodland in Domes- day, 28. Warminsters (2) in U.S.A., 567, 568. VOL. XLVII. Warneford, Sir Edmond (M.P.), 226. Warnford Place (Sevenhampton), 546. Warner, Rob. (M.P.), 197. Warrey ich» (Vibes ez Oar Rog. le (M.P.), 188, 189. Warren [Wareyn], (—), 397. Shoss (MERA e203 Will. (M P.), 199—201. Warrender, Sir Geo. (M.P.), 256. Wartier, Will. (M.P.), 192. Warwick, Earl of, 450. Will. (M.P.), 203. Washington, Lawrence (M.P.), MOH). Wastfylde, Edw. (M.P.), 210, 211. Water Dean Bottom, Lynchets, 149. | Water Eton, 227. Water Rail, nests, 112. Water Table of chalk higher in Roman time, 487. Waterman, alias Watts, David, 340. Watkyns, John (M.P.), 207. Watson, Sir Louis, 336. Watson Taylor, Geo. (M.P.), 254, 256 —258. Simon, Sheriff, 274. Watton Priory (Yorks), 124. Watton, Mr, 341. Will. de (MER eo. Watts, John, 344. Wauiton, Wil) de (Misr 182) Waverley Abbey, 125. Waylen, G2 SA eitgolio: Weave, (==); 27. John, 324. Peter le (Mera ie Wearmouth Abbey, bell, 608. Weast, Jane, 352, 353. Weaver, Mr., architect, 603. Webb, Bp., Dean of Salisbury, memorial window, 559. E. Doran, work at King’s House, Salisbury, 403. Edmund (M.P.), 224, 225, 227, 228, 229. | Giles, 630. Hugh, 340. John (M.P.), 228-231, 262. Nath., 344. Wao. L(A) 2255 229) 23ie WAV JAN. gift, 667, 668. Webbe, Hen. (MP) (196) 193s: James - (M.P2); 210: EN DEX EO) ViOley salvar 743 Sir John, 637. 209, 212. Weekes, Anth. (M.P.), 212. Carl, 404. Chr. (M.P.), 213, 214. W., 344. 3 Weeks, Johnson, 342, 343. Will., 341. Weigall, Mrs., works altar frontal, 559. Wekelescot, Will. de (M.P.), 292: Welde, Will., 342; Will. atte (M.P ), 186. Welle, Thos (M.P.), 204—207. Welles, Edw: (M.P.), 236. Wellow, West, 99, 108, I11. Wells, c Aldbourne, bellfounder, O20. James, 284. Wellys, Thos (M.P.), 205. Wenman, Thos. F, (M.P.), 241. Wentworthe, John (M.P.), 215. Were, alias Browne, Rob. (M.P.), 209. Will. (M.P.), 212. Werme [Warme] = Warmere, 337, 338. Wermenstre_ [Werningstre], Galfridus de (M.P), 183, 186. Will, de (M.P.), 179. Wernherd, John de, 331. Wescott, Rob., 346. Wesley, R. C., Earl of Morning- ton (M.P.), 247. Wessex Magazine, noticed, 158, Soc. of Architects, 123. West Saxon Kingdom, origin of, G. M. Young on, noticed, 146. West, David, 348. Edw., 349. John (M.P.), 201—205, 207. Mary, 356, 357. ROD. (MEE e) R= 20155 Thos. (VIBES) 192. Westbury, baths built, 134. M.P.s, list of, 177—264, 293. Railway cutting, geology, 154. White Horse, 158, 439, 620. Woodlandin Domesday, 28. Westbury, John (M.P.), 190, 201. Westeby, Geo. (IM.P.), 204. Westminster Abbey, tiles, 360. Simm Lepnenusme Chapel: Hungerford benefactions, 452. Westmoreland, Earl of, 336, 449. Weston, Nich. (M.P.), 193, 195 — VOL. XLVII. NO. CLXVI Will. (M.P.), 197. Thos. (M.P.), 193—197. Will. (M.P.), 205. Westwood, 337. Weylands Smithy, iron currency bars found, evidence of Pre- Roman legend, 493. Visited, 493. Weyland? johny (MERA Zane Rich. (M.P.), 178, 179. Wexcombe, A. J. Hosier’s Dairy Farm system, art. on, noticed, 435. Weyghtman, Will. (M.P.), 211. Weymouth, 620. Whaddon (S. Wilts), Birds, 101. Whapshare, Mr., 523. Wharton, Goodwin (M.P.), 226, 220, | Cok, Hen. (M_P))) 226. Thos., High Steward of Malmesbury, Letters, 324, 325, 501; Marquis of Malmesbury, character, 500. Whateley, Thos. (M.P.), 239. Whatley, Mr., 435. Wheat, cultivated, origin of, 621. Wheatear, 89; Albino, 101. Greenland, 87, 101. Wheeler [Wheler], Galfridns le (M.P.), 183. John, 342. ISSiGlng (CML) allay Pyles: Will. (M.P.), 219. Whetnals, Will. (M.P.), 205. Whetstone, Thorney Down, 654. Whimbrel, 87, 110. Whinchat, 89, 101. Whitaker, Hen. (M P.), 213. Whitby, Dan., 301. White Horses of Wilts, 158. White Horse Vale, woodland in Domesday, 31. White, Ann, 34l. Arth. R., obit., 549. Edmund, 534. Edw., 343. Geo., 384. John, 549, Mat., 397. AOS. OMEIES), = PL Walt. (M.P.), 189, 227—230. Whitechurch (Salop), 354. White Hawk Camp, flints, 62. Ox, B. primigenius, 66, 67, 485. Whitelackington (Som.), Speke family, 556, 639. Whiteparish, Birds, 94—96, 100, 103—105, 111. Church 3) 1D 744 INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. restoration, 143. Vicarage, reminiscences of, 143. White Sheet Hill, long barrow, 22. White’s thrush, 87, 101. Whitethroat, 88, 99. 88, 99. Whithorn, John (M.P.), 177, 182, 200—203. Rich. (M.P.), 191, 204. Whiting, H., writings, 566. Whitlock, Jos., 344. R., 85. Whittle, Fras. (M.P.), 250. Whittockesmede, John (M.P.), 203—208. Whityngton, Thos. (M.P.), 208. Whynge, John (M.P.), 205. Whytehead, Canon, 483, 459. Wichampton, Will. de (M.P.), 194, 197. Wichenden, 503. Wick, Joan, d. of Rich. of, 554. Wick Ball Camp, 20, 21. Wickens, Miss, 567. Wickham, Will. (M.P.), 247. Wicks, Mich. (M.P.), 228, 500. Wigeon, 91, 107. Wight, David (M.P.), 197. Wightman, Will. (M.P.), 212. Wightwick, family, stories, 143. Wigmore Abbey, 127. Wilcot, straw plaiting and hat making, 538. Wildman, James (M.P.), 245, 24s John (M.P.), 224, 226, Die Thos. (M.P.), 245. Wile, John atte. (M.P.), 197. Wilkins, Ch. 535. John, 535. Wilkinson, Pinkney (M.P.), 241, 242. Willan, T. S., Salisbury and Navigation of the Avon, 592— 594. Willemyn, John (M.P.), 192. Willes Johnson, Capt., 306. William Rufus, tomb at Winchester, 456. Will. III, plot to murder, 324. Williams, Alfred, art.on, by J. B. Jones, noticed, 565. H. A., 85. ion lk, PADS Rob. (M.P.), 249. W., 4. Williams-Freeman, Dr. J. P., 79. Walhamson) Drs Gs Cye2iioe Lesser, Willis, Ann, 340. John, 343. Willoughby, Sir Geo. (M.P.), 225, 226. John (M.P.), 207. Thos. (M.P.), 214. Wills, Sir Ernest, 319. Willowherb, patches of mentioned in Charters, 23. Willy, Will. (M.P.), 237—239. Wilsete, origin of, 148. Wilson, Rowland (M.P.), 219. Wilton, Abbess, grant by, 1536, by A. W. Stote-Blandy, 327— 329; Abbess and _ Prioress pensioned, 328. Abbess ranks as Baroness, 327. Birds, 98. Black Friars, 37, 38. District described by A. G. Street, 153. Hanging bowlin Salisbury Museum, 149. Park, Waisel, a vill in, 25. House, double cube room, 159 ; Garden laid out by Isaac de Cauxs S15 9oe a Palladian Bridge, 159; Pictures exhibited, 599 ; Royal visits, 397. MEPS list) Ofaluni—=2 040 Secular Capital of Wessex, 146—148. Wilton St. Mary, tile kiln (error), 361. Wiltshire Arch. Soc., 165, 443, 490, 669, 670. Magazine, 315. Meeting at Salisbury 1934, 1—6; at Hungerford 1935, 313—320 ; at Swindon 1936, 490-495. List of Members, 1936, 572—582. Nat. Hist. Day suggested, 317. Report, annual, 313—317 ; 490—492, Marchioness_ of Lansdowne, Patron, 490. Single day’s excursion, Oldbury Camp, 492. Wiltshire antiquities, report pro- posed, 4. Archeology, 618. Archdeacon of, removed, 136. Architecture, 126. Armorial bearings from, pro- posed, 4,317. Books, pamph- lets and articles, noticed, 136 —160, 299—310, 431-440, 553—568, 661-663. Cen- tenaries of 1935, 154. County boundaries, 296, 312; Origin) Vole as: County INDEX TO VOL XLVII. 745 Council) chaimman, 294: County cricket, 425. Cut- tings and scraps, indexed, 542. Dialect words, 1835. _ Education, progress of, 294. Guide to, noticed, 159. Institutions by Sir Thos. Phillipps, imperfect, 530. Maps given, 161. M.Ps., list of, 177—264. Monasteries, H. Brakspear on, 127. Regt., journal of, 162. Society, Leaf bequest, 425. South in Nom.-Bbrit. times, and Egbright’s Stone, 135. Wagon given, 314. Woodlands, modern compared with Domes- day, 31—33. Wiltshire, Geo., 346. Jane, 346. John, 347. Mary, pacockics and! Barleyja by, noticed, 434. Wimborne Minister, tiles, 367. Relics of Virgins and Con- fessors, 38. Tomb of K. Ethelred, 456. Wimborne, Simon of, 39. Winchelsea, Grey Friars, 38. Winchelsey, Archbishop, 41. John of, 41. Winchester, The Bishop’s City, religious capital of Wessex, 146, 148. Cathedral tiles, 365; Tomb of Will. Rufus, or Hen. de Blois? 456. Grey Eniars, 38. Roman, 629. St. Mary’s, Abbot of, a Barons old. Winchcomibe (Glos.),Church, tiles, 377. Windmill Hill, see Avebury. Windover, Will., buys Salisbury Grey Friars, 50. Windibanck, Thos. (M.P.), 219. Windsor Castle, St. George’s Chapel Hist) of, by) Sin El: Brakspear, 126, 127. Roof restored by Sir H. Brakspear, 123, 124. Forest, Chace of le Bishopsber, restored to Salis- bury See, 136. Wingfield, Edw. (M.P.), 214. Winteneye (Hartley, Hants), gifts to Church, 334. Winterbourne, property given to Hungerford Chantry, 458. Winterbourne Bassett Church given to Lewes Priory, 276. Winterbourne Dauntsey, excava- tions, 57. Iron Age stockaded ditch excavated, 3, 80. Peterborough pottery, 162. Winterbourne Earls Church, 367. Winterbourne Gunner, Late Bronze Age habitation site on Thorney Down,by J.F.S. Stone, 640, 643, 644. Winterbourne Monkton, straw plaiting industry, 281. Winterbourne Stoke, long barrow, 439. Winterslow, 224, 225. Barrow with decapitated Beaker man, 68. Double ditches cattle ways, 411. Downs, S. slope, Celtic fields, 488. Easton Down, excavations, 1933— 1934, by J. F.S. Stone, 68—80; Ash pits excavated, 71—76; Skeleton of Neolithic Dog, J W. Jackson on, 76—78, 621 ; Flints and pottery, 71—76 ; Flint workshop, floors exca- vated, 68—70. Middle Bronze Age urnfield, 68, 652. Mollusca, reports on by A.S. Kennard, 78, 79, 299, 300. Bi-vallate ditch excavated, 79, 80. Winterslow Hut barrow, bronze razor and urn, 477. Wirhale, Rob. (M.P.), 202. Wisbeck, Thos. 381. Wise, Maria, d. of Dr. N. V., 552. Wishford, 235. Legend of Seven at a birth may be fact, 555. Withergaunt, Rob. (M.P.), 186. Withington, Lothrop, 389. Witton St. Mary, tile kiln, 361. Witts, Broome, 284. Edne, 284. Wodeberghe, John de (M.P.), 186. Wodefaude, Will. de (M.P.), 179. Wodeford, John (M.P.), 202. Rich. (M.P.), 208. Wodehouse, John (M.P.), 246, 253, 254. Woder, Rich. le (M.P.), 189. 31d 746 INIDIF< 40) \VOILL. SAGOWATIL. Wolaton, John (M.P.), 206. Wolf and Jackal, 621. Wolfe, John (M.P.), 207. Wollop, John de (M.P.), 190. Wolstanbury Camp _ (Sussex), internal fosse, 310. Wolsthing, Radulphus de (M.P.), 186. Wolverley (Worcs.). 354. Wolves in Britain, 621. Wolwy, Hubert (M P.), 193. Woodall, Canon T. J., 85. Woodcock, white, 111. Woodcuts (Dors.), 339. Rom.- Brits dogs 6) Woodrfalls, 221. Woodford, residence of Bp., 137. Woodford, Will., 45. Woodhay, West {Berks.), 435. Woodhenge, barrow, axe hammer and pottery, age of, 57, 64, 480. Bones of Bos primi- genius, 66, 67, 300, 386, 485. Child burial, 139. Date of, 140. Flints, halberd shaped, 6]—64. Grooved pottery, age of, 55, 61, 62, 64, 140. Marine shells, 60. Prototype of Stonehenge, 140. Woodland in Wilts at time of Domesday, by F W. Morgan, 25—33. Wood Lark, nests, 96. Woodley, Will. (M.P.), 239, 242. Woodman, Alec, 343. Woodpecker, Gt. Spotted, nests, 103. Green, 103. Lesser Spotted, 103, 104. ; Wood pigeon, 108. Woodroof, Mat., 343. Woodstone, Hen., 39. Woodward, C. H., 100. Rob., 593. Woodyates, 335. Roman road, excavated, 514—516. Woolmore, John (M.P.), 249. Wootton Bassett, 293, 434. Borough, 9500. Election, bribery, 503. Geology, 142. Heldy bye) Levenots and Milo Crispin, 553. M.Ps., List of,.177—264. in Domesday, 28. Worcester, 354. _Cathedral, Woodland 127; A Brakspearm omer ¢ Lectures by Franciscans, 39; Tomb of K. John, 456.. Priory, H. Brakspear on, 126. Wordsworth, Canon Chr., 405. Bp. John, 422; Prayers by,. 163; Stories of, 143. Workers’ Educational Assoc., Swindon, founded, 548. Worston, Will. (M.P.), 199. Worth, John (M.P.), 200, Worton, 434. Wotton, John (MP.), 203. Nich! OVER 202% Rob. (M P.), 204. Wrastley, Rob. (M P ), 209. Wraxall North sChutch. ob Brakspear on, 124. Wraxall, South, Church, restored, described, 602, 603. Manor restored by Major Richardson Cox, 129. Wraxall, Nath. W. (M.P.), 243, 244. Wren, cuckoo’s egg in nest, 102. Fire Crested, 98. Gold Crested, 98. Wren, Sir Chr., influence on Salisbury houses, 139. Wrenham, John (M.P.), 216. Wright, B., 516. R. P,. The Portway at Newton Toney, 513 —5i6. W.E., 412, 418. Wrog, Rob. (M.P.), 179. Waroth, john avery eo: Buys Grey Friars, Salisbury, 49, 50. Wroughton, Evelyn M., obit., 549. John (M.P.), 206. Phil., 549. Will. (M.P.), 210. Wryd, John (M.P.), 199. Wryere, Rob.le OP) S130); Wryneck, 104. Wrythe, Will. (M.P:), 206. . Wuduburh Camp, 20. Mollusca, 487. Wyatt, Ben., designs Devizes Market Cross, 156. James, destruction of Salisbury belfry, Cathedral, etc., 291, 462. Wychford, Will. (M.P.), 192, 193. Wychampton, Will. de (M.P.), 194—196. Wyght, David (M.P.), 194—197, INDEX TO VOL. XLVII. 747 Woke, John (M.P.), 202: Thos., a leper, 45. Will. de COMES ), ee Wykes, John (M.P.), 183. Wylcotes, Oliver (M.P.), 206. Wylde, Will. le (M.P.), 184. Wyle, John atte (M.P.), 197. Wylkes, Thos. (M.P.), 209, 213. Wylly, John (M.P.), 204, 205. Wylye, Birds, 97. Church, chalice, 494. Flood from downs, 538. Rector, 129. River in drought, 159. Valley, 620; Early History, 135. Wymarke, Edw. (M.P.), 214, 215. Wynchcombe, John (M.P.), 210, 211. Wyndham family, own Norring- ton, 9. Anne, 339. Geo., cartoon of, 315. Hen. P. (M.P.), 245, 246, 248—250, 385. John (M.P.), 225. Thos. (M.P.), 227. Wadham builds St. Edmund’s House, Salisbury, 292; (M.P.), 253, 254, 256, 257. Will. (M.P.), 226; .Gifts to Salisbury Museum, 149. Wynge, John (M.P.), 206. Wynn, Ch, W. W. (M.P.), 247. Glyn (M.P.), 250. Wynne Wilson, family, Codford, 143. Wynslowe, Thos. (M.P.), 206. Wynston, Walt. (M.P.), 209. Wynterburne, John de (M.P.), 181. Rob. de (M.P.), 177 Wyvil, Rob., Bp. of Salisbury, 10, 43, Wysdom, Thos. (M.P.), 193. Wyther, Rob. (M.P.), 186. Wytherton, John (M.P.), 194. Xerophila itala, 79, 486, 658. Yard, Rob. (M.P.), 229. Yarnbury Camp, 20. Break in bank caused by flood ? 538, 539. Excavation, 644. Yarranton (—), surveys Avon, 592. Yate, family arms, 280. Anna Maria, Ch., John, 280. Yatton Keynell Church, H. Brakspear on, 124. Yellow Hammer, 95. Yelverton, John (M.P.), 206. Yiews (Midd.), pottery, 478. Yeomanry, 297. Yew tree, Tisbury, 568 Yndolf, John (M.P.), 178. Yonge, Sir Geo, (M.P.), 247. John (M.P.), 212 Will., Friar, 52; (M.P.) 191. York, Railway Museum, 493. York, Duke of at Agincourt, 449. Emily M., obit., 550, Brig. P. G., 550. R uph of, 391, Thos. of, 39. Will. of, Bp. of Salisbury, 37. Yorke, Major H.R., 550. —Col. IPM, Coy BOO. Will. (M.P.), 2202227 Young of Bristol, family, 442. G.M.,‘‘Originof the WestSaxon Kingdom,” noticed, 146. On Pond Barrows, 496—498. John (M.P.), 211, 224, 226; Sir John buys Hazlebury, 550 Rob. sells Hazlebury, 556. Zeals, Silton Manor, map, 667. Zouche, Fras. (M.P.), 214. END OF VOL. XLVII. Printed and Published by C. H. Woodward, Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes. tae SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued). i STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 jof the Magazine in separate wrapper 3s. 6d. This still remains one of ‘the best and most reliable accounts of Stonehenge and its Earthworks. | WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN “AUBREY, F.R.S., A.D. 1659—1670 Corrected and enlarged by the “Rev. Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A., 4to., Cloth, pp. 149, with 46 Wplates. Price £1 7s. 6d. WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM, CHARLES I, : vO., pp. vii. + 510. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. rice 13s. i!) DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN. III, ED.I,andED.II. 8vo., ipp. xv. 505. In parts as issued. Price 13s. 1 DITTO. THE REIGN OF ED.III. 8vo., pp. 402. In six parts as issued. Price 13s, | A BIBLIOGRAPHY oF THE GREAT STONE MONUMENTS oF WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE, anp AVEBURY, with other references, iby W. Jerome Harrison, F.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No. 89, \Dec., 1901, of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books, papers, &c., by 732 authors. | THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. 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