sz/'r 8 8 IC5C4 _ UC-NRLF C E b?7 175 WORKING-PLAN REPORT OF THE AMBARA RANGE IN THE CHHINDWARA DISTRICT OF THE SOUTHERN CIRCLE, CENTRAL PROVINCES. BY J. A. McKEE, ESQ., -CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS, SOUTHERN CIRCLE, a 0 |j it r : PRINTED AT THE SECRETARIAT PRESS. 1901. Extract from the Proceedings of the Officiating Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces, in the Re-venue Department, No. 16, dated Nag fur, the January 1902. READ — Working Plan Report for the forests of the Ambara Range in the Chhindwara Forest Division. READ ALSO — Letter No. J33-W. P., dated the 3rd September 1901, from the Inspector-General of Forests, and enclosures. RESOLUTION. The plan has the approval of the Inspector-General of Forests and calls for no special remarks. The Officiating Chief Commissioner sanctions its intro- duction with effect from 1901-02. ORDER — Ordered that a copy of this Resolution be forwarded to the Conservator of Forests, Southern Circle. Government of India, in the Depart - Commissioner, Nerbudda Division. ment of Revenue and Agriculture, for Deputy Commissioner, Chhindwara. information and transmission to the Reporter on Economic Products to the Government of Inspector-General of Forests, and to Indu- the officers noted on the margin. [True Extract.] H. A. CRUMP, Chief Secretary to the Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces. ^^r A, No. I33-W. P., dated Simla, the 3rd September 1901. From — H. C. HILL, Esq., Inspector-General of Forests to the Government of India, To — The Secretary to the Hon'ble the Chief Commissioner of the Central Provinces, Revenue Department. With reference to correspondence ending with this office letter No. 184- W. P., dated the 23rd July 1897, I have the honour of forwarding, for the sanction of the Honourable the Chief Commissioner, a revised Working Plan for the forests of the Ambara Range in the Chhindwara District, received from the Conservator of Forests, Southern Circle, under cover of his letter No. 1931 of the 1 5th instant, a copy of which is appended. •2. A plan for these forests was originally compiled and submitted in 1897 ; but Mr. McKee, the then Conservator, after personally inspecting the range, brought to notice so many inaccuracies and defects in the plan, that it was decided to frame a new one. The report, as now amended, is not well drawn up and contains several corrections in red ink which were pointed out by this office. A list of some further errors noticed is attached. • 3. I do not, however, think that there is any necessity either to re-print the report or to prepare a new plan ; but I beg to suggest, with reference to para- graphs 3 and 4 of the Conservator's forwarding letter, that paragraphs 26 and 32 should be revised so as to render their meaning plain. t) 1 ) -4 f\ ERRATA. I Paragraph 36. — In the marginal heading " Forecast of condition of crop at the conclusion of fellings" refers to paragraph 37 to which this remark should be added. 2. Paragraph 45, page 18. — The cost of fire-protecting IO2'75 square miles at Rs. 12 per square mile comes to Rs. 1,233 and not Rs. 1,530; the total should be altered accord- ingly as well as the last three figures against " Net surplus," " Grand total " and " Expendi- ture under A." No .1931, dated Nagpur, the ijth August 1901. From— ]. A. McKEE, Esq., Conservator of Forests, Southern Circle, Central Provinces, To — The Inspector-General of Forests to the Government of India. With reference to your No. 53- W. P., dated 1st May 1901, returning the Working Plan for the Ambara Range in the Chhindwara District, 1 have the honour to forward the following explanations regarding the various points noticed by you. 2. Working Circle No. I includes 3 working-circles of the old plan, and each of these has been treated as a felling series at the suggestion of Mr. Heade, late Officiating Conser- vator of this Circle. This was done in order to reduce the number of working-circles, and to provide produce for purchasers at convenient points over rather a scattered area, and I see no objection to the proposal, 3. Paragraph 26 is not well worded. The Mandwi Block contains 2 coupes to be felled in 1902-03 and 1903-04, respectively, and the Piparpani Block, 3 coupes to be felled in 1918-19, 1919-20, and 1920-21, respectively. Hence working-circle II has 5 coupes. This should have been made clear; but it can be gathered from a perusal of the tabular state- ment of fellings in paragraph 38. 4. In paragraph 32 it is intended to say, that should there not be a sufficient quantity of 1 8" poles at the end of 20 years, as the result of coppicing, for the supply of the market, the balance required can be obtained from the standards which were left at the beginning of the rotation. There was evidently an idea on the part of the framers of this Working Plan that a 20 years' rotation might not be sufficiently long to produce enough 18" poles. 5. The first sentence of paragraph 34 may be struck out. 6. With regard to paragraph 36 (c), the Forest Divisional Officer reports that this was inserted for the guidance of the officials who will have to carry out the fellings, as they are all untrained men; but the words " 60 per cent. " should be " 60 per acre." Were there a good demand for the produce, the operation would be coppice with standards ; but, like other Working Plans in these Provinces, for areas in which the demand for green fuel is very small, the operation is termed an improvement felling. This, in several instances which have come under my knowledge, I am convinced it is not. 7. Paragraph 39 may be omitted. 8. The typographical errors in paragraphs 41 and 42 have been corrected. 9. I now re-submit, with the above remarks, two corrected plans, and should you, after further consideration, not be disposed to forward it to the Local Government, I would recommend either that the present plan be re-printed, or that Mr. McCrie, who is now Divisional Officer in charge of Chhindwara, be asked to draw up a new plan. Secretariat Press, Nagpur : — ]. E. A., 6-1-1908—75. No. C-34i. FROM J. J. HOBDAY, ESQ., B. A., FOREST DIVISIONAL OFFICER, Chhind-wara, To THE CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS, SOUTHERN CIRCLE, Central Provinces. Chhind-wara, the i6th October 1900. SIR, I have the honour to forward a revised Working-Plan Report of the Ambara Range based on the alterations suggested by Mr. J . A. McKee, Conservator of Forests, Southern Circle, Central Provinces, who visited these forests in March 1898. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient Servant, J. J. HOBDAY, Forest Divisional Officer. Forwarded. CHHINDWARA: ~\ R. A. B. CHAPMAN, The \ith October 1900. ) Deputy Commissioner. WORKING-PLAN REPORT OF THE AMBARA RANGE IN THE CHHINDWARA DISTRICT, CENTRAL PROVINCES. Area 184 Square Miles. INTRODUCTION. In 1896 a complete Working-Plan Report for the Ambara Range was com- piled, but it was subsequently found that modifications to such an extent were necessary for the proper working of the range that anew plan had to be prepared, based on the proposals submitted in Conservator of Forests, Southern Circle, Central Provinces, letter No. 4145, dated the ipth March 1899, to tne Inspector- General of Forests. These modifications are embodied in the present report. A reference to the accompanying map will show that the Ambara Range adjoins the Sillewanighat and Uinreth Ranges and occupies the south-west corner of the district. The local demand is confined to the eastern portion of the range, particularly those areas near the Nagpur-Chhindwara road. The plan has been arranged to meet this demand. The major part of the data for the plan has been collected by Mr. McKee, Conservator, and by Mr. Hobday, Forest Divisional Officer, conjointly. For the remaining portion of the data and for the compilation of the plan Mr. E. A. Rooke, Forest Ranger, assisted. PART 1. SUMMARY OF FACTS ON WHICH THE PROPOSALS ARE BASED, CHAPTER I, DESCRIPTION OF THE TRACT DEALT WITH. 1. The forests of the Ambara Range are situated in the Chhindwara District, partly on the southern slopes and spurs of the Satpura Name and situation. }.,. J . , . .r .. r . .1 XT hills and partly on the plain extending into the JNagpur country. It is bounded on the north by the Umreth Range ; on the east by the Kanhan valley and various malguzari lands ; on the south by the Nagpur District and the Berars, and on the west by the Betul District. The nearest part of the range is within twenty miles of Chhindwara town, and the nearest forests to Nagpur are about forty miles distant. The river Kanhan flows through the northern portion of the range in an easterly direction and crosses the Nagpur-Chhindwara road at Ramakona, from which point it becomes floatable for timber and bamboos. 2. The height above sea-level varies from about 1,500 to 2,000 feet as the forests extend from the plain country in the south up the Configuration of the ground. . . _. . . . n • n u ,.!_ ghats to the Chhindwara plateau. Practically all the forests are on the spurs of the Satpura Range, with the exception of a few isolated scattered blocks situated on more or less hilly ground in the south of the range. All aspects are represented, but the general aspects are southerly. The country is hilly and cut up by numerous ravines and nalas and is in consequence rather inaccessible 3. The rock formation in the hills belong to the metamorphic and pl^tonic Underlying rock and soil seHes- Trap prevails. Dykes of quartz are common and are met everywhere. Limestone and latente are found in varying quantities. The soil is either a reddish or black loam derived from the disintegration of trap rocks and in most places intimately mixed with trap nodules. The following classes may be noted briefly : — (i) A black, sometimes moist, soil formed from decomposed trap and vegetable or alluvial matter found throughout the trap formations. (ii) A sandy loam, having a larger proportion of sand of a free composition. It is generally found in the Kanhan valley and is especially adapted for teak. (iii) A sandy-m^arly soil with a very much larger quantity of sand than in any other class. It is generally shallow and degraded from exposure, basing a poor forest. Disintegrated quartz forms a large feature of this class. (iv) A clayey-laterite soil, stiff and not very fertile, supporting a stunted badly grown forest of inferior species. 4. The climate is not quite uniform for all parts of the range. Below the CHirate ghats it is a trifle more humid than above. The summer is considerably warmer below the ghats and continues, both above and below, from ist March to the break of the south-west monsoons, which usually commence about the 2Oth June and terminate towards the end of September. The average annual rainfall as obtained from the Central Pro- vinces Gazette is 53'32 inches for the Sausar tahsil, in which sub-division almost the whole range is situated. The winter lasts from November to February. 5. There are no special industries to be provided for, and though the areas Agricultural customs and adjoining the Government reserves are for the most part wants of the people. weu populated with an agricultural community, the demand is mainly for — (a) beams, posts, and rafters for building ; (b) wood for agricultural implements ; (c) fuel, grass for thatching and pasture ; (d) bamboos for buildings ; ( e) thorns for fencing ; (/) fibres for ropes and minor products of flowers and fruit. There has lately sprung up a commercial demand for teak poles owing to the gradual exhaustion of the neighbouring private forests, which for many years past have supplied large quantities of this material. The private forest area still available within two miles of the perimeter of the Government reserves contains 74,098 acres (Appendix B): in the south only are these private areas in a more or less ruined condition. CHAPTER II. THE COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF THE FORESTS. 6. The details are as follows : — Distribution and area. Serial num- bers. Names of Blocks. Area (in acres.) Equiva- lent in square miles. Remarks. 1 Lohangi 5,58i 9 > 2 Tooti 4,4'S 7 3 Deogarh 3,77° 6 4 S Paraspani Urdan Moordeye ... ... ,., 3,987 1,081 6 2 Deogarh Sub- • Range, area 26,020 acres. 6 Khandsee ... ... .„ 5,305 8 7 Bhouwardo ... ... ... ",158 3 8 Barighat 7*3 I • Serial num- bers. Names of Blocks. Area (in acres). Equiva- lent in square miles. Remarks. 9 Bamla ... 5,389 8 10 Dhanora ... ... ... 8,768 «4 ii Mahulpani 6,388 10 12 Pata-Pipra 9,043 14 13 Moregondi 8,103 3 14 '5 Oeonala ... ... ••• Bundan ,.. ... ... 4,704 567 7 i Dhanora S u b- (• Range, area 42,742 acres. 16 Changoba 1,011 3 i? Sendurjana 3S2 I 18 Murkawara ... 486 1 19 Jamlapani ... ... ... SOS I 20 Deghori ... ... ... 3,424 5 21 Gopalpur ... .., ... 8,499 «3 1 22 Gajundoh ... ... ... 2,701 4 23 Sutki Putki 8,902 >4 23 (*) 24 Borepani village ... ... Jobumlera ... ... .. 480 11,270 i 18 Murram S u fa- Range, area 37, 132 acres. 25 Kondaree 1,883 3 26 Dhorasenur ... ... .. 416 l 27 Punchal-khapa ... 2,976 4 . 28 Umra ... ... .. S,84S 9 -. 29 Sawajpani 1,241 a 3^ Dhoda Boregaon 198 3i Kondur ... ... .. C34 i 32 33 Waddah Karwar ... ... .. 1,017 224 2 Pandurna Sub- • Range, area n, 963 acres. 34 Chichghat unclassed forest ••• 646 I 35 Mandwi ... ••• •• 582 1 36 Mohi ... ... •• 634 I 37 Piparpani Total of Range 941 I J 117,856 l84 7. The boundaries are either natural or artificial. In the latter case cut , . lines ^o to 40 feet wide are defined on the ground, and State of boundaries. 111- • , • n i j j at all salient points there are serially numbered wooden posts surrounded by a cairn of boulders. The present state of the boundaries is fairly good, but the posts have to be renewed occasionally, thus incurring an annual expenditure over some part of the total length. The length of the artifi- cial lines to be maintained is 374 miles with 2,816 boundary marks. As the areas proposed for excision are not included in the plan, no boundary alteration will be necessary hereafter. 8. The forests of the Ambara Range were gazetted reserved forest in Chief Commissioner's notification No. 917 (c), dated the 24th February 1879. The unclassed forests noted in paragraph 6 has been notified as a proposed reserve under Section 4 of the Forest Act in Central Provinces Gazette Notification No. 2587, dated Nagpur, the igth July 1898. 9. During the last settlement no rights were found to exist in or over any of these forests, nor have any been acquired since. Composition and condition io. The forests of the range are irregular and of the crop. composed of a mixed tree growth of the usual species found throughout the Central Provinces. /** Teak is sometimes conspicuous, particularly in the villogoc of the Satpura hills. Salai, however, is the predominant species. The forests as a whole are decidedly of inferior quality, having suffered more than usual from the destructive influences of beva and dhaya cultivation in past years. Over considerable areas they have deteriorated almost beyond redemption and are now only fit for grazing. The tree growth is stunted and inferior in species. The common type is an open forest with the tree growth in groups consisting chiefly of coppice poles of recent origin. Reproduction from seed, owing to the want of closure to cattle and protection from fires, is poor. The following types may be briefly indicated i — (1) The teak types differ according to its situation. In the Lohangi felling series, where the teak is found growing in the valley of the Kanhan River, its general character is better than elsewhere, being more lofty and of larger girth, and in this situation also it is mixed with other species, such as khair, saj and lendia. Further south, in felling series Murram and Bhuli, the teak is generally found growing with salai and dhaura for its companions, but principally the former. In some parts of these areas, especially in Bhuli, the teak is very plentiful, covering the crests and slopes of nearly all the hills and spreading into valleys where these latter have escaped the plough. The species is here growing on trap, and except in regard to straight growth is not of such good character as that growing on the crystalline soils. In the west of the range, although teak is found nearly everywhere, it is as a rule very scattered and of stunted character owing to the proximity to the surface of the sheet rock, and in the scattered blocks on the extreme south of the range it is of the same character although more plentiful. The same remark is also applicable to the teak growing in the extreme north of the range on the laterite formation, where it is generally found mixed with tinsa. (ii) The saj-lendia type is made up principally of saj, mahua, lendia, dhaura, tendu, tinsa, aonla and jamrassi. This type is usually found in low moist valleys or on fairly level areas in which the soil is generally fair to good and well drained. (iii) The tinsa type includes, besides tinsa, lendia, achar and palas. It is found principally above the ghats on soil consisting of a rather stiff well-drained laterite clay. The best growth is found on the lower slopes and in the valleys where these latter have not been cultivated, while the tops of the hills are lightly wooded, principally with salai. Bamboos are fairly abundant and of good quality in the north-east and north- west of the range. ii. Of the various species that are met with in the range a few of the more important are given below : — Teak (Tectona grandis.) Bija (Pterocarpus yfarsupium.) /W Saj (Terminalia tomentosa.) Bahera (Terminalia bellerica.) Anjan (Terminalia f/rjuna.) /? Harra (Terminalia fhebula.)(? Dhaura (Anogeissus latifolia.) Tinsa (Ougeinia dalbergioides.) Mahua (Bassia latifolia.) Lendia (Lagerstrcemia parviflora.) Trndu (Diospyros yfelanoxylon.)/}? Rohan (Soymida febrifugal] Achar (Buchanania latifolia.) Khair (Acacia /atechn.) Salai (Boswellia serrata.) * y '. Halda (Adina cordifolia.) Shisham (Dalbergia sari.) Bihra (Chloroxylon swietenia.) Sewan (G&elina arboreal) Gulu or kubru (Sterculia urens.) Dhamin (Grewia ¥*b*folia.) . Gubdi or gejra (Cochlospcrmum /ossyfium.) (y Aonla (Phyllanthus/mblica.) r_ £/ Jamrassi (El&odendron Roxburghii^ Palas (Butea frondosa.) Moyen (Odina yfiodier.} Vr Dhobin (Dalbergia paniculata.) Ber (Zisypkustiujuba.) i/ Bas (Dendrocalamus strictus.) 12. Of these the two worst at present are fire and grazing, but dhaya injuries to which the crop is cultivation in past years has probably been _ the most liab!e- important cause of the present inferior condition of the forests. Climbers are of infrequent occurrence and do little damage in consequence. CHAPTER III. SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT. 13. Until very lately the forests in this range were under no sort of orga- Past and present system of nised management ; unregulated fellings were permitted. management. The demand for poles has not been heavy, and dry and dead material has supplied all the demand for fuel. Latterly a few localized fellings have been opened on the east of the range, but owing to the very bad seasons (except the season 1896-97) and the almost total stoppage of timber sales, the experiment cannot be said to have had a fair chance. Beyond this small move towards locating the fellings no sylvicultural improvements were attempted. There have been no special works of improvement, but further improvements are provided for in this plan. Grass and minor products have been and are sold on license or under lease, whichever is more favourable. 14. Beyond a little climber-cutting by the regular establishment and recent Special works of improve- protection from fire, no special works of improvement have been undertaken. ment undertaken. Past revenue and expendi- ture. 15. The following tables show the revenue ana expenditure for the past three years : — Receipts. Budget sub-heads. 1896-97. 1897-98. 1898-99. Total. Average. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rj . R-I fa) R-II (a) R-II (6) R-II (c) R-II (d) R-II (*) Rrll (h) R.III • 736 1,054 6,771 8'S 62 i 912 53 326 5,378 i,337 '33 328 1,365 803 279 5.293 1,669 214 390 3,277 2056 ',659 17.442 3821 347 »3° i 092 685 553 5814 i 274 116 R-V (c) . * ... 37 i 420 24 554 61 1,974 20 658 Totals .. 9,376 It, 122 10,529 31,027 10,342 Expenditure. Budget sub-heads. 1896-97. 1897-98. 1898-99- Total. Average. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. A-I(a) ... 18 173 191 64 A-H 1,533 1,021 1,075 3,629 1,210 A-VII (a) 44 36 80 87 A-VII (4) t'S ... 160 275 93 A-VII (0 ... ... ... •., ... A-VlII(a) 222 163 69 453 •S. A-VIIK/) SIS 328 289 1,13? 377 A-V"><*; 4 4 96 104 34 B-I (0 1,668 8,398 '.997 6,063 2,021 B-lKO 119 157 130 406 >35 B.HK4 -, ... ... ... ... Totals ... 4,220 4,124 3:9?9 12,333 4:IH CHAPTER IV, UTILIZATION OF PRODUCE. 1 6. The following table shows the quantities of produce sold and the Marketable products : quants, number of animals that grazed during the past three ties consumed in past years. years. For minor produce such as lac, mahua, achar, &c., no data \ available, as the right to collect these ftp»sold by auction for one or two years at a time : — & Description of produce. 1896-97. 1897-98. 1898-99. Total. Average. Timber ... C.1t. 42,671 10,016 9,398 62,085 20,695 Fuel ... ... Tons 906 768 62O 2,294 7<5S Grass ,.. ... Tons «,743 262 »7 2,023 674 Bamboos ... No. 128,373 39,698 35,707 203,778 67,926 Buffaloes ,., „ 2,95' 2,643 2,619 8,213 2,738 Cows and bullock; .,. „ 36,768 31,830 39,872 101,470 33,833 Goats ... ... „ 2,774 2,121 2,184 7,079 2,360 Sheep 838 2,984 2,285 6,107 2,036 7 The general falling-off under all heads during 1897-1899 « accounted for , by the abnormal seasons the country has passed through. It is hoped that here- ^-|HaTKeilernand^outturn may be as they were in 1896-97. 17. The metalled road from Nagpur to Chhindwara Lines of export. passes a]l along the east of the range. The following lines of export are also used : — A. — Cart-roads. (1) From Deogarh via Paraspani, Meyt and Ambara to Pandurna. (2) From Ambara -via Bhajipani and Murram to Saosar. (3) From Meyt via Borepani to Murram. (4) From Jobii via Ghogri to Ramakona. (5) From Kowria via Chimunkhapa, Kamptee, Deogarh, and Lohangi to Mokhair. (6) From Ambara via Bhimkhera and Punchal Khapa to Mohgaon. (7) From Bhimkhera via Boyari and Umra to Mohgaon. (8) From Betul via Teegaon and Pandurna to Nagpur. B. — Karas-tracks. (9) From BaJghat via Chind/o, and Jobni to Ramakona. /&- (10) From Lonadevi via Narainghat. Dhanora and Ambara to Pandurna. (u) From Dukerjela via Sajnadho and Harranberdi to Sausar. (pa^x*™*^ (12) From Lawaghogri via Paraspani to the Kanhan River. The Kanhan River, which runs through the north of the range, is occasionally used in the rains for floating down timber^ to Kamptee. 1 8. The consumption of the forest produce is almost entirely local, but Market Mohkhair, Sausar, Mohgaon, Kelod, Peepla, Teegaon, Pandurna and Lodikhera, are to a small extent important centres. Mode of extraction and its 19- Produce is removed by purchasers under their own arrangements in carts, karas loads and head-loads. Floating down the Kanhan is only resorted to during the rains by Kamptee merchants. Nothing has hitherto been exported departmentally. The cost of felling and stacking of poles, including dressing of the stools, regulated within the following limits : — Rs a. p. For 9" poles per 100 „. ... i o o „ 12" „ ... ... i 8 o „ 18" „ ... ... 200 ,, 24" „ ... ... 30° „ ... ... S o o The cost of felling and stacking of fuel in stacks, measuring io'X4'X4'=i6o cubic feet = 28 maunds = i ton, is 4 annas per stack. 8 so. The rates appended have only recently (from ist July 1899) been vaiu. of each da*, of produce, "forced as a result of carefully watching the markets during the last few years and of the gradual settling of the value of timber by supply and demand. At present there are two rates in the district — the value of produce procurable below the ghats being raised above that of the produce procurable on the ghats. As the Ambara Range is practically below the ghats these rates only are enforced in the range^j — ^ / BELOW GHATS. For Traders and Agriculturists of the Chhindioara District. LENGTH UNDER IS'. LENGTH 16' to to'. LENGTH si' to 25'. LENGTH l<>' to 30'. LENGTH Ji' to 3j'. LENGTH over 35'. Per too. Each. Per 100. Each. Per 100. Each. Per loo. Each. Per loo. Each. Per loo. Each. CLASS 1 TIMBER. Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a. p Rs. a, p. 9"— 13"*. 13 8 0 020 15 10 o 026 17 3 o 029 IS 13 0 030 30 5 0 023 >3"— IS".. 31 4 o 050 34 6 0 056 37 8 0 0 fi 0 40 10 0 066 43 U o 070 19"— 34".. 35"-30».. 62 8 o ISO 0 0 0 10 O i 8 o 75 0 0 175 0 0 250 o o O 12 O 1 12 0 280 Si 4 o 300 0 0 275 0 0 o 13 o 87 8 o o 14 0 93 12 0 350 o o 350 0 o o is o 280 380 2 12 0 300 0 0 300 37"— 42".. 450 0 0 480 5OO 0 0 500 550 o o 580 600 o o 600 43"-48".. 625 0 0 640 700 0 0 700 750 o o 780 800 o o 800 4' to 5't. ... Over 5'{.. ... ... ... ... CLASS II TIMBER. •;"— ia"i. 7 13 0 0 I 3 960 016 10 IS 0 019 12 8 0 020 4 I 0 033 13"— 18".. 15 10 0 026 18 12 0 030 30 5 0 033 21 14 0 036 25 0 0 040 19"— 24".. 31 4 0 050 37 8 0 060 42 3 0 O69 45 5 0 073 50 0 0 o 8 a, »5"-3o». 62 8 o 0 10 0 75 o o 0 12 0 84 6 0 0 13 6 90 10 0 o 14 6 IOO 0 0 IOO 31"— 36".. ISO 0 O i 8 o 168 12 O I II 0 iSl 4 0 I 13 0 300 0 0 2 O O 37"— 43"... 225 O 0 240 250 o o 280 275 0 0 2 12 0 300 0 O 300 43"-48"... .., 312 8 o 320 350 0 O 38o 375 0 0 3 12 0 400 o o 4 o o 4l"tos'[. ... Overs'*;... ... ... ... CLASS III TIMBER. ,"_„".. 4 II 0 009 640 010 7 13 0 o i 3 960 0 I 6 10 15 o 019 13"— it"... 10 15 o 019 14 I 0 023 15 10 0 036 17 3 0 029 18 13 0 030 l&"-»4»... ... IS 12 0 030 21 14 0 036 25 o o 040 28 3 0 046 31 4 o 050 35"— 30"... 37 8 o 060 43 12 0 070 50 0 O 080 56 4 0 090 62 8 o 0 10 0 31"— 36"... ... 87 8 o 0 14 o IOO 0 0 IOO 12 8 0 I 3 O 125 o o 140 37"-42"... ... ... ... 50 0 0 i 8 o 175 0 0 I 12 0 200 0 0 300 225 o o 340 43"-48"... ... 75 0 0 2 12 0 300 o o 300 50 o o 380 400 o o 400 44"-5'tt. ... ... Over s'jt. ... * Any poles above 13" girth but not longer than iq feet will be charged for at the rates Riven under the next length class (16'— 30'; ; shorter lengths of other girth will be similarly dealt with. If bark is on 2" extra girth may be allowed, t 10 annrs per cubic foot, t One rupee per cubic foot. $ Any poles above 12" girth but not longer than j? feet will be charged for at the rates given under the next length class (16'— 10'); shorter lengths of other girth will be similarly dealt with. || 4} annas per cubic foot. ^ 6 annas per cubic foot. *• Any poles above n" girth but not longer than 15 feet will be charged for at the rates given under the next length class Ci6'— to'), tt 3 annas per cubic foot. it 4 annai per cubic foot. Description of produce. FOR AGRICULTURISTS. FOR TRADERS. Per cart- load. 'er karas- load. Per head- load. Remarks. Per cart- load.) Per karas- load. Per head- load. Remarks. Rs. a. p. ;Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Green firewood, fencing wood.. 023 O I O o o 2 ... 040 o i 9 003 ... Dry fuel 0 I O 006^ It 0 I 040 019 003 .. Thatching grass Fodder grass 040 o i 3 019 003 0 O I : ] 040 019 003 • *• Bamboos, per 100 ... ... 0 12 0 ... ... ... 200 Dead bamboos 040 0 I O 003 040 O I O 003 ... Charcoal 300 ... 030 ... 300 ... 030 ... Bhabar grass ... O I O ... ... O I O ... Thorns and brushwood 0 I 0 006 O O I ... 040 019 003 ... Mahal and chhind leaves ... ... 0 0 \% ... ... 001% ... Backai ... ... 003 ... ... ... 003 ... Salai and kulu, per cubic foot. ... ... ... O40 ... ... 040 Sambhar horns, per horn ... ... ... ... ... 0 I O CHAPTER V. The Forest Staff. MISCELLANEOUS FACTS. 21. The present staff is as follows Officers. Rank of officers. No. Pay per mensem. Rs. Range Officer Deputy Ranger « 40 Sub-Range Officer ... Forester ... i 35 Do. Senior Forest Guard ... i ia Do. Do. i 10 Do. Temporary Forest Guard. l 10 Beat Guards Forest Guards 4 8 Do. Do. 9 7 Do. Do. S 6 Do. Temporary Guards i 6 Do. Do. 4 5 There are ten license-vendors paid by commission who serve this range. To assist the permanent staff eight fire-guards are employed during the hot "weather on fire-protection. 22. The supply of labour is not always procurable to the extent that it is Labour suppi required. It is only during the slack agricultural seasons that labour is at all plentiful. 10 PART II. FUTURE MANAGEMENT DISCUSSED AND PRESCRIBED. CHAPTER VI. BASIS OF PROPOSALS. WorkingCircieshowcomposedjreasons 23. The Ambara Range will be divided into for their formation. four working circles aS follows : Number and name of Working Circles. Name of felling series. Name of forest blocks. Area of forest block. Total. Remarks. Acres. Acres. 1.— Ambara Lohangi Lohangi 5,58' Tooti 4,4'5 Barighat 723 10,719 Murram .. Jobundera 11,270 11,270 Bhuli Punchalkhapa 3,976 Umra 5,845 Sawajpani 499 9,320 11.— Mandwi Mandwi Mandwi ... 582 Piparpani 941 .,523 111.— Unworkable ,.. Pata-Pipra Pata-Pipra 9,043 9,043 IV.— Grazing ... Grazing Urdan Moredeye ... 1,081 Deogarh ... 3,770 Paraspani 3,987 Khandsi ... 5,305 Bhonwardho 1,158 Gopalpur 8,499 Gujundoh 2,701 Sutki Putki 8,902 Mahalpani ... 6,388 Dhanora ... 8,768 Bamla 5,389 Deghori 3,424 Jamlapani 505 Murkawara 486 Sendurjana 352 Changoba 1,011 Bundan ,.. 567 Deonala ... 4,704 Morgondi ,.. 3,105 Kondari 1,888 II Number and name of Working Circle. Name of felling series. Name of forest blocks. Areas of forest block. Total. Remarks. Acres. Acres. IV.— Grazing.— (Concld.) G razing. — (Concld.} Dhorasemar 416 Sawajpant 742 Dhodtfa Boregaon ... 198 Kondur .. 634 Wadd^i 1,017 Karwar 224 Chichghat 646 Mohi 634 Borpani forest vill- age. 480 7S98I Total of range .. 117,856 The above areas have been obtained by a most careful calculation from the best map at present available. Though these forests were surveyed in 1898-99 by the Forest Survey Department maps have not yet been received, and conse- quently the correct area of the range is not available. 24. Working Circles I and II, on which only there is at present an appreci- able demand, will be worked over systematically for poles, especially teak poles, and for fuel if a demand arises for this latter ; while Circle III will not be worked during the present rotation, owing to its present inferior condition. Circle IV, otherwise the grazing circle, will also not be worked during the present rotation, but unregulated fellings may be allowed in this circle at the discretion and by the special permission of the Divisional Officer to supply the small requirements, when necessary, of the widely scattered villages in the neighbourhood, but no fellings here should be allowed for trade purposes. This circle will be kept per- manently open for grazing. Justification of the sub-divi- sion adopted. agricultural operations. In Circle No. I there is a fair quantity of teak for which at present there appears to be a demand, but the species is not uniformly distributed and almost everywhere the forest is intermixed with considerable blanks, the result of former It is necessary, therefore, to put aside relatively large areas in order to obtain a fairly good outturn, and as there is only a limited quantity of forest which is at present fit for felling over, it will be necessary to limit the rotation to 20 instead of 30 years, which is generally fixed for these provinces. Fortunately this can be done without inconvenience to the neighbour- hood owing to the very large areas of private waste attached to almost all the villages in the locality of the reserves, and the herds of which, therefore, will not be badly affected by the ultimate closure to grazing of half the total area of this circle which will be the necessary result of a 20 years' rotation. It seems also well that the improvement anticipated by felling over the badly grown teak should be carried out within as short a period as existing conditions will admit. These three felling series therefore have each been divided into 20 compartments, one of which will be worked over each year of the rotation. The local demand for building wood of miscellaneous kinds and for green fuel is not at present of great magnitude. &>tt&. C0n£iuw4 ^Ctfiio, Jury Acres. Lohangi ... ... 536 Murram ... ... 563 Bhul! ... ... 466 Mandwi ... ... 305 1,870 during 5 years of rotation. 1,565 during rest of rotation. 28. The system proposed for working the bamboo areas has never been tried in this district before, but it is hoped that every endeavour will be made to encourage its adoption, as the present crude methods are fast destroying the bamboo. The bamboo is a greatly sought after and a much valued product in this district. Statistics show the gradual decrease of bamboo sales, which is due not only to the recent agricultural distress but to its scarcity owing to the congested condition of the clumps. It is proposed that the whole bamboo tract be open annually for extraction. Before this area is fit to face these annual cuttings, a cleaning is first essential, made over fixed areas, as the whole is too large to be taken in hand at once. This cleaning which must be done depart- mentally is best attained in the following way : — (1) By cutting one-third of the total number of culms in every clump in such a manner that the remainder of the bamboo will stand apart from one another all over the clumps and thus allowing of each individual being reached and cut without injury to the rest. This one-third will at first embody dry wood, old stumps, and twisted and crooked culms. (2) No bamboo should be cut at more than 6 inches above ground or above the first internode. (3) One year old culms should not as a rule be cut. (4) As each area is cleaned it will be thrown open for annual thinnings, otherwise a relapse into congestion will result. In order not to interfere with the annual demand the bamboo tract has been divided into two circles, one to be felled in a triennial rotation and the other is divided into nine sub-blocks. The order of their working is best explained in the tabulated statement attached to para. 38 of this plan. Analysis of the crop; method 29. The area check being adopted, no detailed of valuation adopted. analysis or valuation has been considered necessary. * NOTB — It may be noted that the sum of Rs. 1,626 was eventually recovered from the people concerned in this unauthorized felling and the subordinate in charge was prosecuted and punished. '3 CHAPTER VII. METHOD OF TREATMENT. Object sought to be attained. 30. The objects SOUght are — (1) To obtain as quickly and as simply as possible a well-stocked forest of good growth from seed and stool. (2) To increase the density of the present poorly stocked forests. It is also desired to protect the forests from the injuries they have been hitherto exposed to. (3) To supply all local requirements of the agricultural population and teak poles to Kamptee traders. 31. The method of improvement fellings of varying intensity to suit local conditions and the demand has been adopted as that most suitable for Working Circles I and II. The reasons for its adoption^are — (a) The bad character of the crop. (b) The present limited demand for produce. All compartments of these circles shall be protected from cattle for 10 years after being felled over and shall be permanently protected from fire. Circle III, as above-mentioned, will be subjected to close protection from fire, cattle and green timber and fuel fellings for the full working period, but will be open for the removal of dry fuel, grass and minor forest produce. Circle No. IV will be open throughout the rotation for grazing and for the removal of dry fuel, grass and minor forest produce and for the few unregulated fellings it may be necessary to allow for the supply of certain scattered villages as noted in para. 24. Partial protection from fire should be extended to this circle at the discretion of the Forest Divisional Officer. Si. JP / /&'twn^.0( /tfwjt (Zj &&, fie#Ajt4* 0f fy*s£&Aj 0^. (t"Jwd4 L^ ^xWy^^^^**^e/ /^^^^^/^^^ '' obtained, it would appear that we are justineci in cbummbara Range in various centres, over 384 acres, from which 4,841 poles were obtained, it would appear that we are justified in estimating an average outturn over the above areas of 13 poles per acre, or a total estimated outturn of 20,345 poles. It is also estimated that two tons of green fuel per acre could be obtained in the event of a demand arising for this produce or a total outturn of 3,130 tons annually. In para. 16 of this report it is shown that the average annual demand in^ the range has been 20,695 poles and 765 tons of fuel. It is therefore evident that the estimated average outturn of the felling series is not far short of the demand. rt A 1H* /-i __ ' _ 1 _____ M if | • /•*»• i T • t r 34- raa perioi»'pnjj.uiLiiMl iutn^oflungmovor Gii'irc; 'I ,997 D. 6,028 A-I and II. 3,944 B-I and II. 2,105 C-I and II. 4,140 1908-1909 ... B-III. 1,305 E. »,5S4 A. 5,941 B-I and II. 2,105 C-I and II. 4,140 1909-1910 ... C-III. ',356 F. 3,987 t A. 5,94« B. 3,410 C-I and II. 4,140 1910-1911 ... D. 6,028 A. 5,941 H. 3,41° C. 5,496 and so on, Compartments A, B and C being open annually and Compartments D, E and F in the triennial rotation. CHAPTER IX. SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS. "^j^ No grazing rights exist in this range. The statement under para. _ 1 6 illustrates the grazing demand of the past three Grazing and other rights. TTVI fe • i years. Hitherto grazing has been nearly unrestricted throughout the range, but it is necessary, for the maintenance and improvement of the forest, that this privilege should be gradually curtailed. '7 Grazing will, therefore, be disallowed for ten years in Circle No. I in those compartments that have been felled over. The whole Circle II will be closed t* grazing till the year 1910 and for the period of this rotation cattle will be prohi- bited in Circle III. Thus the minimum area that will be eventually open to grazing is represented by half of Circle I, i5>654 acres, and the whole of Circle IV, 75,981 acres, equal to 91,635 acres. It has been shown above that annually about 36,561 buffaloes and oxen are dependent on the forest for grazing. It follows, therefore, that the open area will supply 2'5 acres per head. In addition to the grazing supplied by the Govern- ment forests, it will be seen from the statement attached to this report as Appendix B, that the villages in the immediate neighbourhood lying within two miles of the range in all directions possess waste lands aggregating 74,098 acres. Moreover, in the hot weather it is customary for the people to send all their milch cattle and part of their surplus stock to Mandla and Balaghat for the superior pasture found in those districts. Goats will be excluded from Circles I, II and III and will be confined to the grazing circle only. Up to date part of the range aggregating 23 square miles have been improvement common to brought under fire protection for the first time, and the the whole area. remainder of the range will be gradually placed under this treatment during the next five years. But it shall be discretional with the Divisional Officer whether the form of protection applied shall be special or partial. As a general rule only the latter kind of protection should be applied to aei'es outside the followirrg^clrcles._^ ite&no C a 4/ 34. The difficult nature of the country and stoniness of the soil neces- Road sitate annual repairs to all cart tracks. The outlay on these need not at any time be heavy, as beyond filling up ruts, removing stones, improving the nala crossings, &c., nothing more sub- stantial is required Repairs need only be confined to aU roads and karas tracks tapping the following^, circles and bamboo blocks, ^fa^ta t J* , There are four sub-ranges and 20 beat guards. At the head-quarters of each of the sub-ranges more substantial and commo- Buildmgs. .. , .. ,. & dious buildings than there are at present should be con- structed. Beat guards' nakas should be built of a more durable character. The Range Officer's quarters were only lately constructed and are adequate for the purpose. CHAPTER X. MISCELLANEOUS. Miscellaneous prescriptions. W . +±. Prescribed codal forms 2, 3 and 33 will be kept up for each circle separately. For several years an attempt was made to combine this range with the Changes proposed in the Sillewani Range, but the charge being too large to be managed satisfactorily, it led to disastrous results. Since March 1899 the Ambara Range has been held by a separate officer. Forest Guards act as Sub -Range Officers. These should when circumstances permit be replaced by Foresters. No changes are proposed among the Forest Guards. The estimated receipts for timber and fuel are based on the present Financial results of the pro- rates, vide para. 2o of this plan; those for bamboos posed working. on ^ average sales of previous years, so also for drift-wood, minor produce, grazing and grass : — Estimated Receipts. Rs. 10.172 teak poles, excluding fellings, at Rs. 12-8-0 per 1,270 100. 10.173 miscellaneous poles at Rs. ^-4-0 per 100 ... 635 i8 Estimated Receipts.— (Concld.) Rs. 2,365 tons green fuel at Re. o-6-o per ton ... 887 765 tons dead picked up fuel at Re. 0-3-0 per ton... 143 33)95° bamboos at Rs. 2 per 100 ... ..• 678 33)95° ^0. at Re. 0-12-0 per 100 ... 354 Drift-wood ... ... ••• 25 Minor produce ... ••• MOO Grazing, 40,957 heads ••• 5i°I4 Grass, 675 tons IO^ Total ... 10,980 Estimated Expenditure. Cost of felling and dressing 10,172 teak poles at Rs. 2 203 per 100. \j(-) ^-^ &i*rayo *} f*tL&.jn.& •fri»>n n&sn^ fa n&-ncip. '-/ £-' ^ • s t Wtesr /&*/ri& / J? _ 4 / \** J9 & * • • , ' • &J » * • f » i 19 It is to be remembered that the principles advocated by the Inspector- General of Forests in his Circular No. I2-W. P., dated the zgth October 1894, are to be followed in the case of departures from the prescriptions of this plan under — (a) Works of sylvicultural improvements. (b) Works connected with lines of communications and export. (c) Buildings, demarcations, and minor works of improvement. These principles are that in the case of works under (a) or (b), such for instance as creeper-cutting, not being carried out in the years to which they are allotted, the Conservator should have power to sanction such deviation, giving his reasons in Form 3. In the case of works under (c) that the general plan may be prescribed for a term of years, but that the manner in which the details are carried out should be controlled solely by the Conservator. APPENDICES. "V ~~4&. One map (Appendix A), accompanies this report on the i-inch= i mile scale. The accuracy cannot be guaranteed, but it is a correct tracing of the best maps available. A statement also accompanies showing the areas of the private forests within two miles of the boundaries of the Government forests (Appendix B). A summary of the provisions of the plan is appended* (Appendix C). J. J. HOBDAY, Forest Divisional Officer, Chkindwara Division. i8 Estimated Receipts. — (Concld.) Rs. 2,365 tons green fuel at Re. o-6-o per ton ... 887 765 tons dead picked up fuel at Re. 0-3-0 per ton... i43 33)95° bamboos at Rs. 2 per 100 ... ... 678 33)950 do. at Re. 0-12-0 per 100 ... 354 Drift-wood ... ... ... 25 Minor produce ... ••• 1,106 Grazing, 40,957 heads ... ••• Grass, 675 tons ... Total ... 10,980 Estimated Expenditure. Cost of felling and dressing 10,172 teak poles at Rs. 2 203 per 100. Trimming stools and cutting back of miscellaneous 150 poles. Repairs to roads ... .. ... 15° Construction of and repairs to buildings ... 200 //> •) 7-4" Fire-protection eventually (I,o27-5N, square miles at *r538 •*A x Rs. 12 per square jrnile^ &3? Maintenance of boundaries and marks ... '5O rnS^ ^~~?f Bamboo thinning and cleanings ... ... IO° Total ... Cost of Establishment. Rs. Deputy Ranger's pay at Rs. 40 per mensem ... 480 One Forester at Rs. 20 per mensem... ... 240 Two Foresters at Rs. 15 per mensem ... 360 One temporary senior Guard at Rs. 10 per mensem .. I3o Eleven Forest Guards at Rs, 7 per mensem ... 924 Nine Forest Guards (temporary) at Rs. 5 .. 540 Total ... 2,664 Add expenditure under A ... Grand Total ... Net surplus ... 6,793- 19 It is to be remembered that the principles advocated by the Inspector- General of Forests in his Circular No. I2-W. P., dated the 2pth October 1894, are to be followed in the case of departures from the prescriptions of this plan under — (a) Works of sylvicultural improvements. (V) Works connected with lines of communications and export. (c) Buildings, demarcations, and minor works of improvement. These principles are that in the case of works under (a) or (b), such for instance as creeper-cutting, not being carried out in the years to which they are allotted, the Conservator should have power to sanction such deviation, giving his reasons in Form 3. In the case of works under (c) that the general plan may be prescribed for a term of years, but that the manner in which the details are carried out should be controlled solely by the Conservator. APPENDICES. "/I"4&, One map (Appendix A), accompanies this report on the i-inch= i mile scale. The accuracy cannot be guaranteed, but it is a correct tracing of the best maps available. A statement also accompanies showing the areas of the private forests within two miles of the boundaries of the Government forests (Appendix B). A summary of the provisions of the plan is appended" (Appendix C). J. J. HOBDAY, Forest Divisional Officer, Chkindwara Division. 21 APPENDIX. B. List of Malguzari milages -within two miles of the Government Reserves of the Ambara Range. Num- ber. Name of village. Area of waste land (in acres). Num- ber. Name of village. Area of waste land (in acres). I Mohkhair 167-97 33 Kondari 41860 2 Urdan 139-82 34 Chabri 637-67 3 £2^^ ... 229-32 35 Dukerjela ... 487-63 a. 4 Lohangi ... 1, 120-14 36 Dh/nora 675-29 5 Karithuni i,305-7i 37 Uttamdera 407-45 st\. 6 Deogarh ... 349-07 38 Dholiunkhapa 978-10 7 Paraspani ... ... 5I4-93 39 Sonpathar 1,032-57 8 fL Byrighat ft 633-09 40 Chikli 226-07 9 f CbindXo ... 1,092-23 41 Jamghat ... ... 382-53 10 Jobni 453-7I 42 Patheye 389-05 u Khapa ... 1,682-66 43 Kowria ... 840-3* 12 Ambajhiri 291 04 44 Chimankhapa 754-88 13 v*«**&tf^ 386-00 45 Lonadevi ... ... 426-15 14 Silora ... 295-45 46 Per-Aser 921-86 >5 Koprawari 121-25 47 Minakhapa ... ... 591-00 16 Peepla 694-06 48 Bamla ... 441-26 17 Paraspani 514-93 49 Kampti ... 2,608-07 18 *%& ^... 52-30 50 Govindwari ... ... 956-5I 19 20 ii 22 23 Harrunbardi Karli Murram ... ... Jamlapani Nundiwani ... ... 720-64 r, 444-32 710-60 1,820-56 2,009-24 Si 52 MundUfkhera Total Ambara ... ... 115-28 0 34,483-5^^ 429-21 *4 Surkikhapa ... ... 505-05 53 Nandunwan ... ... 249-73 25 Moongaparl 1,051-81 54 Bundan .., 373'47 26 Ambakhapa 33-53 S3 Pitheyr 12881 27 Panchalkhapa 648-15 56 Changoba 668-65 28 Siliwani 740-59 60 Nursura 861-50 29 Dudiwani 369-48 61 Deghori 291-47 30 Bhajipani ... .„ 664-96 62 Salai 349' 9 31 £s£tfi£/(fo&ft' Biroli or Bmduraf^.. 314-20 63 Jamlapani 288-61 32 Sawajpani ... 316-51 64 Murkjvara 5867S 22 APPENDIX B.— (Conoid.) Num- ber. Name of village. Area of waste land (in acres). Num- ber. Name of village. Area of waste land (in acres). 65 Sendurjana .,. 647-81 95 Mandwi ... ... '33' '95 66 Raj Dongri ... ... 860-97 96 Gorlea Khapa ... ... 13065 67 Deonala ... 674-44 97 Chikli '49'56 6S Sirata ... 1,102-36 98 Mohi 877-04 69 Taimni ... 46833 99 a 1,29638 70 Gaikhuri ... .,. 180-17 100 Piparpani ... ... ',36343 7' A. MoiMgondi 130-80 101 Bichwa 330-10 73 74 75 Boochuf Khapa ... ,.. Raibasa .., .,. Ghogri Meyt 44097 220-46 386-00 IO2 103 Chutwa Total Do/a B«««gaon 41289 5,882-00 988-48 76 Pata Pipra Total 720-81 104 "05 Sitapar Kondur ... 70-75 10,635-44 77 Bhuli 1 06 107 Wagholi Chicholi 320-76 ',£45-05 64 1 '96 78 Dhowri Khapa 90581 1 08 Hewra 1,967-42 79 Boeyari ... ','32-13 109 Taimni 162-88 80 Khirki 4593^ no Waddah S42'o8 81 Khiridan ... ... 65403 in ^^j*m I\h;ipn ... ,,. 3S9'40 82 Pursoli 405-73 112 Ejr^Y 2,055-36 83 Markawara 138-08 "3 Kurwar ... 49499 84 Kalapata ... 387-48 114 Durimete 142-76 85 Lendori ... ... 362-37 "5 Malegaon ... 150-50 86 Bhimkeri .,. 53887 116 Pardi 100-95 87 Gurmoh 74367 "7 Gajurkhera 23145 88 Belgaon ... ... 38-08 118 Junapani 190-61 89 Rajari Pipla ... 1,196-77 119 Chichghat 713-20 90 Saonghi ... ... 663-17 I 2Q Amba Khapa 33-53 9' Pindreye ... ... 54999 121 Lohana 950-37 92 Chirkotagondi ... ... 1,211-74 122 Rajula Kalan ... ... 81979 93 Sawajpani ... ... 21651 123 Dohoda '37'Si 94 Total 1 10-12 124 Baradevi ... ... Total GRAND TOTAL 409-96 12.741-65 74,0985 23 APPENDIX C. SUMMARY OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE PLAN. (i) WORKING CIRCLE No. I. 1. The general scheme is to fell over the Circle in 20 years. 2. The provisions of the plan will be brought into force from the year 1900-190!) 3. One compartment from each felling series will be felled over annually as per statement in para. 38. 4. The fellings will be made with the object of improving the character of the crop. 5. All climbers should be cut out from the compartment open for the year. 6. Each compartment, as felled over, will be closed to grazing for a period of 10 years. 7. Each compartment, as worked over, will be protected from fire. The entire Circle should be under systematic fire-protection within the next five years. — X^Z 8. Improving road as required i. facilitating the removal of forest produce. ^ (ii) WORKING CIRCLE MANDWI. 1. The general scheme is to fell over the Circle in five years, and to be closed to all fellings thereafter. 2. The provisions of the plan will be enforced from the year 1901-1902. 3. One compartment will be felled over annually as per statement in para. 38. 4. The fellings will be made with the object of improving the character of the crop. 5. Climbers will be cut out annually from the whole Circle. 6. The whole Circle should be closed to grazing till the year 1909. 7. The whole Circle will be permanently protected from fire. 8. Collection of minor forest produce and of fallen dead wood will be permitted. (iii) UNWORKABLE CIRCLE. 1. Closed to all fellings. 2. Open to the removal of dead wood picked up from the ground, to cutting of grass, and to the collection of minor produce. 3. All climbers to be annually cut out- ^ .4. Closed to grazing till the year 1920.