N T CONSERVATION COMMITTE World checklist of threatened amphibians and reptiles (oe es eS ee a World checklist of threatened amphibians and reptiles compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE on behalf of the United Kingdom Scientific Authority for Animals Prepared under contract from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK. Established in 1988 as a company limited by guarantee with charitable status, WCMC is managed as a joint-venture between the three partners in the World Conservation Strategy and its successor Caring For The Earth: \UCN - The World Conservation Union, UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme, and WWF - World Wide Fund for Nature. Its mission is to provide information on the status, security, management and utilisation of the world’s biological diversity to support conservation and sustainable development. Published by: Joint Nature Conservation Committee Copyright: 1993 Joint Nature Conservation Committee ISBN: Ist edition published 1979 ISBN 0-86139-075-X 2nd edition published 1981 ISBN 0-86139-095-4 3rd edition published 1983 ISBN 0-86139-224-8 4th edition published 1988 ISBN 0-86139-465-8 Sth edition published 1993 ISBN 1-873701-46-2 Citation: World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1993). World checklist of threatened amphibians and reptiles. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough. Available from: Further copies and companion volumes for other animal species available from: Natural History Book Service Ltd 2 Wills Road Totnes Devon TQ9 5XN United Kingdom Telephone (from UK): 0803 865913 Telephone (from outside UK): +44 803 865913 The designations of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of JNCC or WCMC concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contents Preface i Acknowledgements i Introduction ii Explanatory notes ili Introductory references vi Taxonomic List 1 AMPHIBIA ANURA Bufonidae 1 Dendrobatidae 2 Discoglossidae 6 Hylidae 7 Hyperoliidae 7 Leiopelmatidae 7 Leptodactylidae 7 Microhylidae 8 Myobatrachidae 8 Pelobatidae 8 Pipidae 8 Ranidae 8 Sooglossidae 9 CAUDATA Ambystomatidae 9 Cryptobranchidae 10 Hynobiidae 10 Plethodontidae 10 Proteidae 11 Salamandridae 11 REPTILIA TESTUDINES Kinosternidae 13 Dermatemydidae 13 Chelydridae 13 Emydidae 13 Testudinidae 16 Cheloniidae 20 Dermochelydidae 22 Carettochelidae 22 Trionychidae 22 Pelomedusidae 23 Chelidae 24 CROCODYLIA Alligatoridae 25 Crocodylidae 26 Gavialidae 28 RHYNCHOCEPHALIA Sphenodontidae SAURIA Gekkonidae Xantusiidae Agamidae Chamaeleonidae Iguanidae Lacertidae Cordylidae Teiidae Scincidae Anguidae Aniellidae Xenosauridae Helodermatidae Varanidae SERPENTES Typhlopidae Aniliidae Boidae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae REFERENCES INDEX 28 28 31 31 32 40 42 42 45 46 46 46 46 47 47 51 51 51 59 61 62 62 65 89 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge http://www.archive.org/details/worldchecklistof93amph Preface This checklist is one of a series prepared for the United Kingdom’s Scientific Authority for Animals to assist in implementing the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Similar checklists are available for other animal taxa. The aim of this volume is to provide a summary of basic information on all species of amphibians and reptiles in CITES or appearing in the JUCN Red List of Threatened Animals, compiled by The World Conservation Monitoring Centre. The inclusion of scientific synonyms, English vernacular names and a full list of the countries in which each species occurs will provide a valuable quick source of reference for those assessing applications for CITES permits. The inclusion of many references in the text will permit access to more detailed information on the occurrence or status of species in particular countries of origin when required. Together these features will combine to make this volume of interest to all those concerned with the distribution and status of threatened or potentially threatened species whether from a professional or an amateur point of view. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee is most grateful to the World Conservation Monitoring Centre for preparing this work on its behalf. Lord Selborne Chairman, Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY United Kingdom Acknowledgements This checklist was compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre under contract F71-12-56 from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee. The author was Brian Groombridge, assisted by Crawford Allan. For their assistance in producing the current edition, the following WCMC staff are thanked: Esther Byford, Lorraine Collins, Mary Cordiner, Helen Corrigan, Neil Cox, John Easy, Vanessa Heywood, Richard Luxmoore, Julie Reay, Lindsay Simpson, and Lucy Smith. We are grateful to E.N. Amold for advice and access to information resources in the Amphibian and Reptile section at The Natural History Museum (London), and thank Stephen Edwards, Chairman CITES Nomenclature Committee, for assistance. David Morgan of the JNCC International Policy Branch is thanked for providing expert advice and guidance throughout. Timothy Johnson Head, Species Unit World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 ODL United Kingdom Introduction In April 1991, the Nature Conservancy Council for England, Countryside Council for Wales and Scottish Natural Heritage acting together through the Joint Nature Conservation Committee were appointed by the Secretary of State for the Environment as the United Kingdom’s Scientific Authority for Animals under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). CITES regulates international trade in wild animals and plants and in products derived from them, to help to ensure their conservation on a worldwide scale. The intention of this work is to provide a combined list of amphibian and reptiles species appearing in Appendices I, II and III of CITES together with those included in the current edition of the JUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. This revised edition incorporates additions and amendments to the CITES appendices up to and including those made at the 8th Conference of the Parties in Kyoto in March 1992 (effective from 11 June 1992). The IUCN status categories given here are those current at the time of preparation, as represented in the 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals (IUCN, 1990). It is important to note that the Red List includes only those species reviewed and recognised by IUCN as threatened; such review is as yet far from complete for amphibians and reptiles. For background material on the rationale of the IUCN threat categories, readers are referred to IUCN (1990); for background on the workings of CITES, recommended works are Favre (1989) and Wijnstekers (1992). For information by country on the diversity and status of amphibians, reptiles and other taxonomic groups, and for a general review of biodiversity, readers are referred to WCMC (1992). In a publication of this nature, it is inevitable that users will discover entries that need correcting or updating. The publishers would be grateful if their attention could be drawn to these entries, and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre would be grateful to receive details of such changes so that they can be incorporated in the database from which this publication is produced. Explanatory notes Each species is typically represented by a block of text; including scientific name (with alternatives), English-language common name (where available), geographic range, CITES Appendix, Red List category, and numerical reference codes. Where a species has component populations or formal subspecies which are treated differently by CITES or the Red List, the species entry is subdivided appropriately. Scientific names Nomenclature follows that used in the CITES Appendices and, with a few exceptions, that of the Red List for the forms appearing therein. For each taxon listed, the scientific name and authority is given first, with alternative names given in parentheses on the following line. In the majority of cases these alternatives are the most frequent synonyms in current use. In a few cases, these are recently proposed taxonomic changes not yet in common use, and in others the scientific name in parentheses is that accepted by taxonomists, but not the name used in the CITES Appendices. The sequence of families within orders also conforms to the CITES Appendices (thus the amphibian families are in alphabetical order while the reptile families follow a conventional systematic order). The genera and species are in alphabetical order within each family. The primary taxonomic source followed for most of the groups covered is given below; the numerous later changes and additions to these checklists are referenced separately in the relevant species entries. Amphibians: (Frost, 1985) adopted by the CITES parties as the standard reference to amphibian nomenclature. Testudines: Iverson (second edition, 1992). Crocodylia and Rhynchocephalia: King and Burke (1989). Gekkonidae (Wermuth, 1965; Kluge, 1991). Agamidae (Wermuth, 1967). Chamaeleonidae (Mertens, 1966; Klaver and Bohme, 1986). Iguanidae (several sources, see individual entries). Cordylidae (Wermuth, 1968; Branch, 1988). Teiidae (several sources, notably Peters and Donoso-Barros, 1970). Helodermatidae and Varanidae (Mertens, 1963). ill Boidae (Stimson, 1969; Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974; Underwood and Stimson, 1990). Colubridae (several sources, see individual entries). Elapidae and Viperidae (Klemmer, 1963; Leviton, 1968). English names Common English names and trade names appear below the scientific names; few of the listed taxa have regularly or universally used common names. In some cases, identical trade names appear to be used for different taxa. Geographical range After the scientific and common names of each taxon, the geographical range is given in terms of political units, listed in alphabetical order. In several cases, particularly where islands are concemed, further distribution details are given thus Indonesia: Sumatra’. When the name of a country is given as part of the range of a certain species, that species may not occur throughout the country and may even be of only peripheral occurrence. A question mark ’?’ has been used in front of a country to indicate that there is some uncertainty in the status of the species in that country. 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