~ YEAR BOO Ol 7 OF THE 4H E A T H ER a society | THE HEATHER SOCIETY President: MR FRED J. CHAPPLE Vice-Presidents: MRS RONALD GRAY MRS DAVID METHENY MR J. P. ARDRON MR HAROLD COPELAND MR DAVID McCLINTOCK MR P. S. PATRICK Chairman: SIR JOHN CHARRINGTON Secretary and Treasurer: MRS C. I. MACLEOD Yew Trees, Horley Row, Horley, Surrey Tel: Horley 2080 Committee MRS A. H. BOWERMAN MR A. H. BOWERMAN MRS M. BOXALL MR F. L. MILLS MRS M. PALMER MR G. MITCHELL MR H. C. ELLIS MR H. L. NICHOLSON MR B. G. LONDON MR P. S. PATRICK MR B. MALIN MR W. M. SHARLAND Editor: MR P. S. PATRICK, 6 Queens Court, Haywards Heath, Sussex. Advertising Manager: MR B. G. LONDON 6 Roedich Drive, Taverham, Norwich, NOR 53X, Norfolk. CONTENTS THE SECRETARY/TREASURER’S REPORT IMPRESSIONS DURING SEPTEMBER 1970 The Chairman HEATHERS AT HARLOW CAR, HARROGATE V. J. A. Russ THE LIFE OF A HEATHER PLANT The President A HEATHER PROGRAMME Mrs D. Metheny HEATHERS IN HOLLAND AND ENGLAND H. van de Laar : THE FIRST FIVE YEARS The Editor COMPANIONS FOR HEATHERS Mrs Pamela Harper PAST AND PRESENT J. P. A. Ardron PERSONAL NAMES USED FOR OUR HARDY HEATHERS (1) D. McClintock THE FALL IN AN EASTERN AMERICAN GARDEN H. W. Copeland . a DO PRUNE YOUR HEATHERS. BB. G. London MID-WINTER FOLLY B.R. Malin .. PHYTOPHTHORA CINNAMOMI C. I. MacLeod QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS .. REPORT ON WISLEY HEATHER TRIALS... RECENT PAPERS ON HEATHERS—1970 D. McClintock LIST OF MEMBERS Printed by the Ditchling Press Ltd, Hassocks, Sussex, and published by The Heather Society. Copyright is reserved. YEAR BOOK 1971 1 The Secretary/Treasurer’s Report 1970 has been a year of marked progress. For the first time our membership has topped the 700 mark, with 746 including 48 joint husband/wife members. Much as we rejoice over the increasing membership, the time has probably come when we can no longer print the full list of members in the Year Book but must confine ourselves to supplying the names of new ones as they come, in the next publication, be it Bulletin or Year Book. We trust that you will be able to keep track of the membership by referring to the last full list, supplemented by those we shall publish from time to time. This will not be able to take account of lost members which this year-number 62. As we now, thanks to Mr Patrick’s personal influence, appear to have a printer who can be relied upon to deliver the Year Book on time, I shall be able to let you have it as our first publication in the new year, thus giving more time for receiving your comments and opinions on it for the Spring Bulletin which will follow in March or early April, according to the date fixed for the Annual General Meeting. This year it will be on May 5th, and details will be sent with the bulletin. In it we hope to include a review of Mr Terry Underhill’s new book on heathers as well as of a beautiful book sent to us by our member Herr Hans Hornung, of Meldorf, showing how heathers are used in conjunction with other plants in North Germany. Although unfortu- nately I know no German, the pictures and plans can be appreciated by everyone, and I was also pleased to note that the stresses were marked on the specific names, which should result in a more uniform pronunciation: e.g. Tetralix, cinérea, etc. I must not conclude without a personal note of apprecia- tion of the work our Slide Librarian is doing. For the first time I recently gave a lecture in Horley to a women’s club and on asking Mr Prew for the loan of some slides I was sent a most beautiful selection, most carefully packed. Mr 2 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Prew added some of his private collection, and so did Mr Hale, whose pictures of his delightful garden in Haslemere perhaps stole the show, because the ladies announced that a visit there would make an excellent summer outing for their club. You have been warned, Mr Hale! C. I. MACLEop ——_ Impressions during September 1970 Sir John Charrington, Crockham Hill, Kent We have had here, as probably at many other places, an unusual summer with a prolonged drought through May and June. Whether the strange performance of my vagans and of some callunas is due to the weather I cannot tell, but you — may be interested to have some of my impressions at mid- September. The vagans have been highly successful amongst the small recently planted varieties, but the larger and older plants have been irregular and far from satisfactory. ‘Pyrenees Pink’ has produced practically no bloom at all; ‘Pallida’ is only just coming into flower and then chiefly among that part of the group further from the sun. ‘Mrs D. F. Maxwell’ is patchy and ‘Lyonesse’ quite poor. But, on the other hand, my equally special Cornish friends, ‘Mullion’ and “‘Kynance’, are splendid. Much as I admire Mr Sparkes’s goiden varieties, I do not think they look their best with a pink bloom and are really more effective in winter. Some of my earlier Calluna plantings, ‘Cuprea’, ‘Alportii’ and ‘Serlei Aurea’, are getting so leggy and out of shape that I am inclined to make a big clearance in a few weeks and © thus have room for some new varieties. Three years ago I cleared an herbaceous border, put in two bales of peat and planted 275 Cal. v. ‘J. H. Hamilton’. They have been slow to grow and to form a mass, but, YEAR BOOK 1971 3 though not quite yet at their best, the show was delightful this summer and I took a colour photograph of them. John Letts did me well to collect such a good lot of plants. I have two cinereas still in bloom—‘Eden Valley’ and “Cevennes’—the latter a few left from a bed of 24; a beautiful variety but so difficult to keep alive. Why, I wonder, does ‘County Wicklow’ go brown so soon? It is a most beautiful plant but has very poor lasting power when compared with ‘H. E. Beale’ and ‘Peter Sparkes’. Finally, I still believe that the value of heathers for decorative purposes is not nearly enough appreciated. In addition, they will last for weeks in water. I have had a daughter-in-law staying with me recently and she arranged three vases so well—mostly ‘H. E. Beale’ and ‘Peter Sparkes’ with a few vagans mixed in—that I felt more should be done to popularise this use of heathers. We hope the R.H.S. will allow us to have a class at their September competition for vases of any variety arranged for decorative effect, and for which I would be glad to present a Silver challenge cup. —— Ss Heathers at Harlow Car Gardens, Harrogate V. J. A. Russ, Harrogate, Yorks. At Harlow Car Gardens, Harrogate, in August the majority of the heather plants in the nursery beds were transplanted —a project involving many hundreds of plants which had to be deferred from the Spring owing to weather conditions. The bulk of these (whose ages vary from one to five years old) have been put in the large upper beds of the new garden extension—consisting of those varieties of which there were a sufficient number of plants to make an effective display. Others have been planted in the old Heath Garden, which has undergone an extensive rejuvenation, a number of the large old straggling plants having been discarded. Conifers have been planted in the new extension beds and 4 THE HEATHER SOCIETY already one can see the basis of a very pleasing heather landscape. | : At the time of the movement the callunas and vagans were in full flower and the new extension at once attracted con- siderable attention on that account. All species are repre- sented in the new planting and as nearly all have been labelled it should provide a useful illustration to visitors ~ of the behaviour of callunas and ericas in this part of the country. : The drought has not helped these plants to settle in but we must hope that they will do so before the carnea season Starts. op The Life of a Heather Plant Fred J. Chapple, Port Erin, Isle of Man ‘Given good conditions, how long should a heather plant live?’ was a question I was recently asked. I asked the President of the Society how he would answer it and this is what he wrote... It depends to some extent on where it is grown, the soil it grows in and the attention given to it at regular intervals— or no attention at all. Given reasonably good conditions and in suitable soil and clipping off faded blooms in the spring, its life span should be not less than 20 years. I revisited my old house in July last and noticed a batch of vagans which I planted in 1945. I always trimmed them in April into a rounded bush. They looked well. I also saw ina nearby garden, and in splendid shape, a border of carneas which must have been planted 40 years ago. At “Furzey’ in the New Forest in 1952, Captain Dalrymple told me that many of the heathers—and a fine collection it was—were planted in 1920. Each one was cut back, hard back, pruned in fact every March regardless of weather excepting snow. ~ They seemed none the worse for their longevity and such severe treatment. I should have been proud to possess them. ‘Not everyone agrees with my contention. Some affirm that after six years a heather should be removed and replaced by another. That is certainly better for trade! YEAR BOOK 1971 5 A Heather Programme Dorothy Metheny, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. Somewhat over ten years ago an Ericaceae study group to which I belonged decided that they had amassed information that might be of interest to amateur gardeners of this vicinity, and since that time, certainly not either as a botanist nor aS an expert gardener, but just as someone who has learned a little more about heathers than the average amateur gardener, I have given some 25 talks on the subject of heathers. Mostly I have been addressing garden clubs, and I think I have finally evolved an outline of a one and one-half hour programme that is satisfying and, one hopes, practical for an audience of this sort. We show specimens of all available species, either fresh or dried and mounted, pointing out the obvious differences between the genera which simplify recognition of them. (i have found that a number of gardeners suppose that ‘heather’ refers to one genus only.) With the specimens still at hand, we next show a distribution map (of sorts!) of Europe, Africa and the pertinent Atlantic islands, on which are indicated in various coloured pencils the natural habitats of the genera Caliuna, Erica, Daboecia and Bruckenthalia (which hereabouts is regularly sold as a ‘heather’ whatever the purists may feel about it). As sources of Further Information we show the books by Chapple, Maxwell and Patrick and Letts, and some of the heather sheets reprinted from our Ericaceae lectures, etc. Now it is time to turn down the lights and start showing slides: Bruckenthalia flowering in the garden; Cassiope mertensiana and Phyllodoce empetriformis flowering in their natural stations in the Cascade Mountains near Seattle; heather-clad hills in the Scottish Highlands; Calluna and Erica cinerea heath in the Dee Valley, Aberdeenshire; the moor at Woodbury Common, Devon; the Cornish Heath (EZ. vagans) with lovely Scots Pines, on Goonhilly Downs, poetically misty; E. vagans, E. cinerea and Calluna clothing an old wall near St Keverne. If we had been able to get it this would certainly be the place to insert a slide of E. ciliaris at the Poole estuary. We are able to show E. arborea 6 THE HEATHER SOCIETY with Spartium junceum in Athens, and E. multiflora on a roadside of the Island of Rhodes. The slide of the Heather Culture chart shows as follows: Provide Avoid GooD DRAINAGE... medium stiff clay... fresh loam... manure... OPEN SITUATION . . . sandy- much shade... rich peaty soil. soil, 7% Ordinary soil... poorsoil+ fertilisers... much peat. lime... cultivating around roots. A badly root-bound E. x darleyensis demonstrates what happens to plants left too long in pots. C. v. “The Molecule’ lifted after a few months in the ground is a reminder that the rootball of a happily situated small heather can be con- siderably larger than the visible top of the plant. A slide of ‘right’ and ‘wrong’ planting shows the foolish appearance of a too-high planted Calluna teetering around on one leg. A well-mulched bed of young plants is a reminder of how to avoid having to hand weed. And finally comes a shot of the watering can over young plants. The Annual Care section shows the evils of leaving C. v. ‘Serlei Aurea’ untrimmed so that it develops a great mass of foliage around its lower parts. And we explain the possi- bility of gradually rehabilitating such a neglected plant by selectively pruning out a few entire stems, thus allowing rejuvenating light into its centre. A mid-April slide of E. carnea “Ruby Glow’ shows the tendency of the carneas to quickly clothe themselves with new foliage concealing the spent bells, thus eliminating the necessity to trim them unless for reasons of containment. E. carnea ‘Snow Queen’ in mid-July has already well-developed flower buds for next winter’s show, and impresses the viewer with the advisability of not trimming carneas after the first of June. Then there are shots of our hillside before and after the March shearing. ~ Next follows a short section on Frost Damage. The star performer in this act is our poor old E. australis (type) which last winter was frozen right to the ground for the YEAR BOOK 1971 i third time in the ten years we have had it. Between the second and third freezes it attained a height of eight feet. One growing season after this latest cut-back it has 18 or 20 stems, two to three feet high. If we escape having a killing freeze this winter (1969-70) we should see its lovely pink bells again early in 1971. The moral of this, of course, is not to be precipitate about discarding roots of frost damaged plants. The Propagation Section includes shots of self-sown Calluna seedlings in a peaty bed, the cutting box, a plant sunk for layering, self-layered rootlets on an E. cinerea, adventitious roots developed on a compact C. v. ‘Nana Compacta’ in a moist mild winter, the progress from tiny seedlings to a solid planting of EF. vagans in seven years. A slide of C. v. ‘Mrs Ronald Gray’ in the garden of Mrs Manning, Sebastopol, California, with a golden-leaved mutation suggests exciting possibilities. (Alas! their propaga- tion effort failed.) The Garden Principles chart stresses the well-known (to the experienced grower) rule of using masses and lines to give a composed effect, of planting for undulating height and colour variety for added interest in extensive plantings, of remembering to keep habit, foliage and colour harmonious. And it mentions those prima-donna exceptions to the rule which can be planted singly—the Tree Heaths, character plants, and plants in special spots. A slide of a young plant in a four-inch pot, beside an enormous matured Calluna, is a warning against ignoring the ultimate size of what one is planting. A picture of a spotted (colour) arrangement of carneas on a bank is a horrible example of what always looks to me like the measles. The Garden Uses (for the non-heather specialist) could go on and on, but I have finally reduced it to four slides— a tall hedge of free-growing E. terminalis, a low hedge of C. vy. “Alporti’ along a low wall, happily flowering; C. v. ‘Mrs Ronald Gray’ as ground cover under a planting of deciduous azaleas, and the solid green of the sheared heaths framing a brilliantly coloured group of Azalea ‘Glamour’ in spring. A section on Prima Donnas includes three Callunas, ‘Foxii Nana’, ‘Dainty Bess’ and ‘Sister Anne’, Daboecia 8 THE HEATHER SOCIETY cantabrica ‘“Praegerae’, E. australis ‘Mr Robert’, and a flowering E. arborea ‘Alpina’ beside a clump of white Birch trunks. A dozen slides show winter and summer habits of Foliage Colour varieties, and my much-loved C. v. “Tomentosa’ with its lovely soft grey foliage and lavender bloom. (N.B.— The bloom is white in our form.—Ed.) It might be displaced by that wonderful C. v. “Hirsuta Typica’ at the Royal Botanic Gardens if we ever get a stock of it. The group of Indispensables (remembering that we do not have a number of the much-prized recent developments available in Britain) includes C. vy. ‘H. E. Beale’, Daboecia cantabrica (for its attractive foliage and long-flowering season), E. carnea ‘Carnea’ for the same reason, a shot of E. car. ‘Springwood White’ and ‘Vivellii’ delightfully poking their bright heads up through a layer of white snow, and E. lusitanica with its long period of winter interest from bright red buds in December to masses of white bells two or three months later. For an idea of real Heather Gardens we show flowering season pictures of the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, Wisley, a simple but effective planting on a wall in front of a Seattle home, the University of Washington Arboretum, and the Heather Garden at the Children’s Orthopedic Hospital, Seattle. We conclude with samples of the year-round flowering in our garden. The only pause in our Heather Year seems to come early in May. First out then is Daboecia azorica. In June Bruckenthalia and the early cinereas commence to show spots of bright colour. July, August and September provide a wealth of colour possibilities in the summer flowering species. The old type form (I suppose) of EF. vagans with its light mauve flowers may not seem very thrilling as compared with the named forms, but it does have the advantage of keeping its colour through October and — November. C. y. ‘Elegantissima’ and my recently appeared ‘Autumn Glow’ have good colour in those months too. In ‘December the E. x darleyensis group, E. carnea ‘King George’ and E. car. “Carnea’ are in fine fettle, and the spent vagans varieties offer a lovely range of browns from the warm chocolate of ‘Mrs D. F. Maxwell’ to the light dun of YEAR BOOK 1971 9 ‘Alba’. January is brightened by many of the carneas, E. mediterranea ‘W. T. Rackliff’, etc. My favourite February picture is of a group planting of EF. carnea (type) and ‘Spring- wood White’ with a pink-fruited Pernettya mucronata and plants of Rhododendron mucronulatum, a vision in pink and white! March and April see E. australis and ‘Mr Robert’ with the beginning of the Glenndale hybrid azaleas. Sturdy old E. x Veitchii holds the fort right up to the time for Daboecia azorica to claim the spotlight with its brilliant bells. By this time anyone should be convinced that there’s nothing so satisfactory as heathers in the garden. Discarded from the programme as the years have passed have been a chart and explanation of the botanical relationship of these genera, which I think is not of pressing interest to most gardeners, and the history of heather introductions for garden use. What the garden club ladies appear to really want is practical information on what to grow and how. I used to show enthusiastically dozens and dozens of pictures of every kind of heather genus and species, followed by varieties of every habit, height, foliage colour and flower colour, form and season. Now I think that many of these characters can be worked in as illustrations for the gardening principles involved, leaving the audience of beginners more with some- thing to grasp and less overwhelmed by an indigestible mass of what naturally would be meat and drink to the knowing heather lover. [After Dr and Mrs Metheny had given a fascinating lecture at the 1969 A.G.M. they most generously donated the 95 beautiful slides they had shown to the Society. Many of the varieties named in Mrs Metheny’s article are included in the collection and can be had on application to Mr H. C. Prew (address in Group 3 in the Membership List), the Society’s Slide Librarian. Ask for ‘Box M’, giving ample notice, as the slides are in great demand. Also in Mr Prew’s keeping is “Box A’ of 100 slides, a general collection, and ‘Box X’, 60 slides taken and donated by Mr J. P. Ardron, with a typed copy of the lecture (which is also on tape), going through the heathers, season by season. The Society are grateful for the slides that have been donated. More slides could be profitably used, especially of small gardens with an 10 THE HEATHER SOCIETY attractive bed (or beds) of heathers, to help owners of | gardens who, like many of us, have less than half-an-acre. —Ed.]| Sy Heathers in Holland and England’ H. van de Laar of Boskoop It is a great pleasure for me to speak to the Heather Society about Calluna and Erica as grown in the Dutch nurseries and collections. First, to tell you about myself, | am co-operator of the Experimental Station at Boskoop; secretary of the Selection Committee of the Royal Boskoop Nurserymen’s Association ~ and member of the Dutch Dendrological Union. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery, which-I am officially under, consented to my giving this lecture to your Society and financed my journey. Heaths and heathers moreover have my special interest, for | am an amateur just like you. Together with Dr Heyting of the Experimental Station at Boskoop, it was very interesting for me to make a trip through southern England last September while visiting a number of nurseries, and Wisley Gardens. Until recently a rather limited assortment of heathers had been grown in the Netherlands. In the past ten years the number of cultivars has been enormously increased. At the moment we grow nearly 300 species and varieties, many of them imported from England. These are mostly grown by nurserymen, in botanical gardens and at the Heather Garden at Driebergen near Utrecht. Because many of the varieties were not true to name, there was much confusion — which was disadvantageous to our export trade. The Selection Committee therefore considered it necessary to ‘ plant an extensive collection to check the names and to judge the plants for value and elegance. An intensive study of the Dutch assortment taught us a lot about the varieties used and the mixing up in the nurseries. *A lecture given at the Society’s A.G.M., 1970. YEAR BOOK 1971 11 After checking the most important nurseries and collections at other places, we achieved after a few years a distinct change for the better.The results of this research have been published in Dendrofiora No. 7. The assortment in the Netherlands There is still much confusion among the white-flowering callunas. What, for instance, has been grown in our country as ‘Alba Elata’ is the earlier flowering “Alba Erecta’. Nearly all the plants grown under the name ‘Serlei’ are wrongly labelled: mostly it is also the very nice and healthy “Alba Erecta’. The later-flowering true ‘Serlei’ had formerly been grown in large quantities but now, because of its susceptibility to disease, is practically out of cultivation. I am nearly sure the American ‘Else Frye’ is identical with ‘Alba Plena’. ‘August Beauty’ is nearly always the upright-growing ‘“Mair’s Variety’ of which, apart from that, we have two different forms. Finally we grow three different white-flowering ‘Elegantissima’; one of them has greyish foliage, the others have more green leaves. The first is the best and can be found in most nurseries. In one nursery at Boskoop, this variety has already been grown for 25 years as ‘Alba’. This highly recommended form is possibly identical with the old ‘Alba Pilosa’. What is the difference between ‘Spitfire’ and the old ‘Aurea’? In my opinion there is no difference at all, at least in the Dutch material. In the genus Erica I can say that the old and long-culti- vated Erica carnea‘Atrorubra’ and ‘Ruby Glow’ are identical. ‘King George’ and ‘Winter Beauty’ are also identical in Holland; for practical reasons, we maintain the name “Winter Beauty’, and the name ‘King George’ is added as a synonym. It is much easier for our Boskoop merchants to sell 1,000 specimens called ‘Winter Beauty’ than 100 plants called ‘King George’! The name of the plant is often of great importance, especially commercially. Also E. carnea ‘Snow Queen’ and ‘Cecilia M. Beale’ are mixed up in our country and it is very difficult to distinguish them. Erica ciliaris ‘Globosa’ is also known in Holland as ‘Norden’, but this “Globosa’ is completely identical with ‘Rotundiflora’. Our ‘Stapehill’ has purplish pink flowers 12 THE HEATHER SOCIETY and light green foliage, and appears not to be the true one. | In Erica cinerea, ‘Alba’ and ‘Alba Minor’ are mostly con- fused. ‘C. D. Eason’ is frequently grown; I found this variety in Holland under 10 different names. Our ‘Pallida’, a clear purple, rather hardy cultivar, appeared to be wrongly named, because the true one has pale purple flowers. This old variety has been renamed ‘Pallas’. Even our ‘Atrorubens’ is not the true one. The plants which we grow under this name, and also as ‘Rosabella’ and “Rosea’, have carmine- rose flowers. The latter name is perhaps the true or in any case the best one. ‘C. D. Eason’ is also grown as “Rosabella’. Our ‘Coccinea’ is mostly ‘C. D. Eason’, too. And what is ‘Splendens’? I do not see any difference between ‘C. D. Eason’ and this cultivar. Nearly all the plants grown in our country as ‘Frances’ must be called ‘C. G. Best’. Erica darleyensis ‘Bohlje’ as grown in our country in very large quantities is completely identical with what you call E. darleyensis “Darley Dale’. Our Erica mackaiana is all E. m. ‘Lawsoniana’. They have been imported several times from different English nurserymen. Sometimes when we ordered E. m. ‘Lawsoniana’ we even received EF. mackaiana ‘Plena’, but never the rich pink, typical, E. mackaiana. Erica ‘mediterranea’ var. hibernica in the Netherlands is always ‘Superba’. Of Erica Tetralix we grow three white- flowering cultivars, namely ‘Alba Praecox’, ‘Alba’ and ‘Alba Mollis’. You frequently grow ‘Alba Mollis’, but we have this one under the name ‘Alba’. This form of ‘Alba’ has normal hairs; our ‘Alba Mollis’ has distinct glands and bigger flowers, fading a little bit to pink. What is £Z. T. ‘Rubra’? We don’t believe we have the true one, since ours has light mauve-pink flowers. We grow quite a lot of Erica vagans ‘Grandiflora’, but it is mostly called “Rosea’. In the Erica x Watsonii group we have the cultivars — ‘Dawn’, ‘H. Maxwell’, ‘F. White’, ‘Gwen’ and ‘Rachel’, and one with large flowers, which looks to me to be the same ‘as ‘Dawn’ in Wisley Gardens. The assortment in England After visits to Fisk’s Nursery in Suffolk, and Treasures of YEAR BOOK 1971 13 Tenbury in Worcester, where special attention was paid to Clematis, we. travelled south to visit Maxwell and Beale near Wimborne. There I saw Erica cinerea ‘Rosabella’; however, I am certain it is identical with ‘C. D. Eason’. I have never seen “Rosabella’ again. Where does the material come from? Probably imported from Boskoop. The plants grown over here as °C. D. Eason’ are, in my opinion, ‘Atrosanguinea (Smith’s Variety)’; even ‘Atrorubens’ looks like ‘Atrosanguinea’, too. At Hillier’s nursery in Winchester I saw Erica Tetralix ‘Alba’. This one has glandular hairs and is just the same plant which we grow as ‘Alba Praecox’. Erica mackaiana and E. m. “‘Lawsoniana’ were mixed up. Calluna vulgaris ‘Penhale’ in this nursery is just the same as our “Brachysepala Densa’ (or “Darleyensis’). Then we made a call at Mr Ingwersen’s nursery at East Grinstead. At his well-known heather nursery I found E. cinerea ‘Coccinea’, but I did not see any difference from ‘C. D. Eason’. E. cinerea ‘Baylay’s Variety’ looks the same as ‘Eden Valley’. I recognised E. x Watsonii ‘Dawn’ as ‘H. Maxwell’, also E. vagans ‘Lyonesse’ as ‘Alba’. Here E. Tetralix ‘Alba’ is similar to the Dutch one, but as at Hilliers E. Tetralix “Alba Mollis’ was recognised as ‘Alba Praecox’, and Calluna yulgaris ‘Penhale’ as ‘Brachysepala Densa’. Calluna vulgaris “Alba Pilosa’ was all mixed up. The grey- leaved form looks exactly like our ‘Elegantissima’. I did not know the other one. Calluna vulgaris “Nana Compacta’ looks the same as our ‘Foxii Floribunda’. ‘Foxit Nana’ is, in my opinion, true to name. In the garden of Mr and Mrs Letts I made a note of the following. Erica Tetralix “Alba Mollis’ is identical with our ‘Alba’. E. carnea ‘Ann Sparkes’ is, qua foliage, identical with ‘Vivellit Aurea’. This bronzy-leaved form came from Germany. The flowers are slightly more purple than in ‘Vivellii’. In this place C. vulgaris ‘Nana Compacta’ is again exactly like our ‘Foxii Floribunda’. I agree with their ‘Foxii Nana’. Erica ciliaris ‘Hybrida’ is the same as our E. x Watsonii ‘Dawn’. At the nursery of G. Underwood and Son, I found E£. Tetralix ‘Alba’, but ’'m sure it 1s ‘Alba Praecox’. To my mind £. vagans ‘Grandiflora’ is the cultivar ‘Rubra’. No 14 THE HEATHER SOCIETY difference was found between E. ciliaris ‘Globosa’ and — ‘Rotundiflora’. Is there really any difference between £. cinerea ‘Hookstone White’ and the old ‘Alba Minor’? I do not believe so, for the true-named plants from England ~ are grown side by side and they are just the same. Calluna vulgaris ‘August Beauty’ is not the true one. As everywhere, ‘Spitfire’ looks identical with ‘Aurea’. At Wisley Gardens I saw ‘Else Frye’ and ‘Alba Plena’. Just as in Holland, I couldn’t find any difference between those two varieties. Once again, EF. Tetralix ‘Alba Mollis’ is the same as our ‘Alba’. E. x Watsonii ‘Dawn’ has darker and bigger flowers than in the Dutch material. I recognised C. vulgaris ‘Pyrenaica’ as ‘Pygmaea’. ss The First Five Years The Editor I have recently spent an interesting evening looking through the Year Books since the Society’s commencement seven years ago. We have not been alive long enough to write a history of ourselves, and all I can do is to take out snippets of what I read that impressed me or were a reminder of a happening. At the end of the seventh book (1970) I realised more that ever before how fortunate we have been to have such a wonderful lot of contributors, how much we all owe them for their writings and especially my great debt to them for their ready support. Dr Samuel Johnson once wrote: “No man but a blockhead ever wrote, except for money’. Had he lived in the 20th century he would have had to eat his words, as we, like dozens of other societies, would not be able to have a journal had we to pay for what was written. 1963. The inaugural meeting of the Society was on ‘February 20th, 1963, when ‘despite snowdrifts and winter despair’ (as Mrs MacLeod reports) there was an attendance of over 40, with 15 letters of apology, all in answer to a letter from Sir John Charrington in the R.H.S. Journal the YEAR BOOK 1971 15 previous August. Furthest to travel on that wintry afternoon was Mr F. J. Chapple, from the Isle of Man, who was elected President of the Society; most of us knew him as the author of The Heather Garden. We had 32 pages of reading in the first Year Book published in the autumn of the same year, the first six pages being taken up with the Society’s beginnings. It included two articles that | hope will be reprinted in future numbers: ‘Cape Heaths’ by the late Dr Ronald Gray, and ‘Heathers in the Landscape’ by the late W. L. Irvine, a landscape architect, who ended his article with wise words: ‘First and last the heather landscape is smooth, rounded and continuous’. At the end of the book we had ‘Questions and Answers’, a selection of questions that had come to the Editor, a feature that might well be reintroduced. I blush now when I discover there were two questions from Mr David McClintock and two from Mrs Pamela Harper, unknown to me then but, since early days, regular con- tributors to this book, and from whom I have since learned such a lot! 1964. This year we mourned the death of Lt-Colonel Donald MacLeod, D.S.0., M.c., the first Treasurer of the Society. In a tribute to him Sir John Charrington wrote how he asked Colonel MacLeod to be the first Secretary of the Society, which he declined on the grounds of in- different health, but suggested Mrs MacLeod be appointed Secretary in his place. Those of us who served with him, even for so short a time, experienced a real sense of lossin his passing. The first ‘Notes on British Heathers’ by David McClintock appeared in this number and has continued every year; the one on p. 25 is the seventh. The Society is under a great obligation to Mr McClintock for these most informative and useful articles which have meant a great deal of research and time spent in the writing of them. It is my hope that it will be possible to issue them bound together, which would be invaluable in the future to all who write on heathers. The first contribution from the United States appeared this year, from Mrs Esther Deutsch, of Long Island, whose death a short time later deprived the Society of a valued 16 THE HEATHER SOCIETY member and the Editor of a delightful correspondent. The same number contains an enquiry from ‘Mrs D. M. (Seattle)’, whom we later came to know and appreciate as Mrs Metheny, and whom we were so glad to meet when she showed her lovely slides of heathers at the A.G.M. in 1969. In this number there is an article by her, most helpful to. those of our members who give talks on heathers. Fifteen members in different parts of the British Isles were asked for their twelve favourite varieties; twelve - questionnaires were returned. Sixty-seven different varieties were chosen, but even then there were some notable absentees. E. vagans ‘Mrs D. F. Maxwell’? headed the poll, with Calluna vulg. ‘H. E. Beale’ and E. carnea ‘Springwood White’ equal second. In September the Society staged its first heath display at a R.H.S. Fortnightly Show. This effort ‘manned’ by Mrs MacLeod and members for two days has been continued since then, and attracted much attention, and is good for recruiting new members. Mrs MacLeod rightly calls it ‘our best shop window’. How good it would be if it were possible to extend these displays to provincial shows. 1965. This year “The Northern Group’ of the Society was formed which is very active and has had a major part in the making of a first-class Heather Garden at Harlow Car, Harrogate, the headquarters of The Northern Horticultural Society, working in conjunction with the Gardens Super- intendent, Mr Geoffrey Smith, himself a member of this society. In the Year Book it was announced that the membership was still below 500. Mrs Pamela Harper became Editor, and an Editorial Sub-Committee had been formed. The first report of Heather Trials at Wisley were published which are of interest to many. The value of the awards given at these trials, not only to heathers, is exercising the minds of many now, but without doubt they should be a guide to a first-class plant the knowledge of which is useful to grower and buyer alike. We had the first contribution from New Zealand for the Year Book and ‘Shrubs for the Heather Garden’ from Mrs P. Harper, beside which I see I made a pencilled note: YEAR BOOK 1971 ila ‘full of good practical sense’. Finally there was a short article from the President on ‘Erica umbellata’. | was glad to be reminded of this species again as I have never seen it doing so well, or flowering over such a long period, as it has been this year. It may be the dry spring suited it, though so disastrous to some species. 1966. Shortly before the Year Book was published we were grieved to hear of the death of a founder Vice-President, Dr Ronald Gray, who from our earliest days took a great interest in the Society. I shall always feel grateful to him for his friendship to me; on three successive years he wrote an article for the Year Book. His great delight was in the cultivation of South African Heaths, on which he was an authority, and I remember how impressed I was with his knowledge of them when he took me into his greenhouse where he had persuaded more than 60 species to flourish. So many felt they had lost a real friend when he left us. In this year Sir John Charrington celebrated his 80th birthday. As Mrs MacLeod wrote in her report, °. . . pride of place must go to the luncheon at Wisley on 30th July, _ when a new “gold” Calluna raised by Mr J. W. Sparkes, of Beoley, was launched under the name “Sir John Charrington’”’ in honour of the birthday’. A parent plant was given by Mr Sparkes to Sir John. The Year Book contained six articles on different ways for propagating heathers, all most useful and practical. Mr Harold Copeland of Chatham, Massachusetts (‘far out at sea on the elbow of Cape Cod, with the Atlantic Ocean bordering three sides of the town’), wrote about his garden. His most recent letter tells me he has over 300 varieties now, and many heather enthusiasts find it a good place to come to for correctly-named cuttings as Mr Copeland never charges for them. There was a most interesting article by Brigadier Weigall on “The use of fertilisers on heathers’ which, I know, caused the raising of a good many eyebrows. I wonder how many adopted his methods? Just this week (November 1970) I have heard from one who did, with great SUCCESS. 1967. At the request of our Society this year the R.H.S. included special classes for heaths at a Spring Fortnightly 18 THE HEATHER SOCIETY | Show, and for heaths and heathers in midsummer. Mrs MacLeod reported: ‘At these competitions and the Autumn Display, which for the third time won us a Silver Flora Medal, we noted that people show an increased interest in heathers’. | Mrs Pamela Harper saw the Year Book into the printers” hands and then followed her husband to America: a very great loss to us in Britain, but she still retains her interest in the Society, sending me an article for this publication every year, and, from what she writes in her letters to me, spreading the ‘gospel’ of heather growing in her area. There are some most excellent articles in this number. It is difficult to extract paragraphs from any one of them without taking something from all, but here are some of the titles: ‘Heaths and Heathers down under’, an account of how the authors became interested in heathers, knowing little about them, and how they conducted their own experiments in soil, propagation, fertilisers, etc., keeping careful records all the time. Mr Geoffrey Smith, Superintendent of the Harlow Car Gardens, Harrogate, makes out a good case for the improvement given to a heather garden by a com- panion planting of dwarf conifers, birch, maple and other suitable shrubs, and dwarf bulbs. There is an interesting account of another heather garden on chalk, and another one that is gale-swept and the problems its owner has to overcome. There is an article on the E. mackaiana country in Connemara, Ireland, which was almost a prelude to the Society’s visit to Western Ireland in the following year. Mr H. C. Prew writes with expert knowledge on the great use of magnesium sulphate in the growing of heathers; one sentence he wrote I have never forgotten, viz. “The family Ericaceae is not so much a lime hater as an iron lover’. Breaking fresh ground for us was an instructive article ‘Heathers in Flower Arrangement’ by Miss F. Laugher. This number was crammed with good things; Mrs MacLeod still has a few copies left, price 10/- each, post paid. For those who do not possess it, I recommend it. — YEAR BOOK 1971 19 Companions for Heathers Mrs P. Harper, Maryland, U.S.A. What is and what is not a suitable companion for heather depends not only on the soil, situation and size of the garden but, to a greater extent, on the proclivities of in- dividual gardeners. If the sight of pelargoniums and similar exotics plunged amidst the heathers pleases you, go ahead ... plant them... enjoy them... it is your garden and you have my blessing. But read no further, for we speak a different language. Those still with me probably agree that flamboyance is out of place, simple flowers of subtle colouring making the most compatible consorts, with priority given to other members of the heath family. Here are a few suggestions. All the plants mentioned I have either grown myself or seen growing in heather gardens in England or the U.S.A. Whether or no the large-flowered rhododendrons are - suitable candidates is open to question, but Rhododendron (Rhodora) canadensis, a daintier twiggy shrub some 2-3 feet in height, so enchanted the poet Emerson that he extolled the loveliness of its rosy-purple flowers, borne on leafless branches in May (probably April in England) in a sonnet. Iron hardy through bitter New England winters, its preferred habitat is the partially shaded slopes of moist hillsides or beside slow woodland streams. To compensate for England’s greyer skies, put it in a sunnier place. Provided only that the soil is cool and peaty the Bog Rosemary, Andromeda polifolia, is happy in full sun, though Linnaeus wrote that this plant is . . . ‘always fixed on some little turfy hillock in the midst of the swamps, just as Andromeda herself was chained to a rock in the sea, which bathed her feet as the fresh water does the roots of this plant. As the distressed virgin cast down her blushing face, so does this rosy-coloured flower hang its head, growing paler and paler till it withers away.’ The heath-like urns appear through May and June and the tiny lance-shaped leaves with margins rolled down, glossy above, white below, are evergreen. This is a very easy little shrub to 20 THE HEATHER SOCIETY layer. My own plant never exceeded six inches in height but there are taller forms available. Pieris make attractive shrubs for shadier sections of large heather gardens and none is lovelier than a good form of P. forrestii. The sweetly scented, lily-of-the-valley flowers hang in long sprays through April, but even more beautiful is the brilliant red new growth, though all too frequently destroyed in its moment of glory by an untimely frost. This — grows to about eight feet. P. japonica ‘Variegata’ (sometimes still offered for sale under the earlier name Andromeda) is smaller and slower growing, somewhat rounded in shape, the evergreen leaves prettily variegated with pale cream. Pieris ‘Pygmy is the baby of the family, barely one foot in height when six years old. The leaves, pink when new then bright green, are little more than half an inch long. Vaccinium corymbosum, the Swamp Blueberry, is attrac- tive and worth a place as an ornamental, with fruit as a bonus. The small, white globular flowers have charm enough to earn a place for this shrub of moderate size, rarely exceeding five feet, but its merits do not end here, the leaves colouring brilliantly in autumn. For smaller spaces try the little Huckleberry, Gaylussacia brachycera, slow to establish but then spreading steadily beneath the ground. These two appreciate ample moisture and full sun but are tolerant of shade. Enkianthus campanulatus also goes to rest in a blaze of glory, the dying leaves coloured a vivid scarlet-orange. Averaging six feet in height and of upright habit, it likes a little shade but will stand full sun if not too dry. Pendant daboecia-like bells swing from the branches in May and June, buff in colour veined with bronze. That old-fashioned embrocation oil-of-wintergreen comes from the leaves of Gaultheria procumbens, rounded and glossy, red-tinted when new. Flowers of white or palest pink dot the three-inch mats of creeping stems, usually solitary, nodding from the leaf axils and followed in October by bright red berries. The next two present a challenge, the first in erowing it, the second in finding it. So temperamental is the Trailing Azalea, Loiseleuria procumbens, that the staff of at least one nursery nickname YEAR BOOK 1971 21 it Lousy Laura. The small leathery leaves are evergreen, shaped into a cushiony carpet, and with that most of us must rest content. Those with fingers so green they could make a chair leg take root may be rewarded with a sprinkling of tiny pink ‘azaleas’ in May and June. Scotland suits it better than England and the best chance of success seems to lie in a raised bed or well-drained slope at the north-facing end of a sandy, acid-soiled heath garden with shading shrubs behind. Epigaea repens—May Flower or Trailing Arbutus—is much eulogised in American horticultural literature. Once common in the wild, it is now rather scarce, so imagine my delight at finding a sizeable clump in the woodland near our home. It grows on a steeply sloping, rocky bank of acid, sandy loam, facing north. The trees are deciduous so that sun and light are strong through winter and spring but much reduced thereafter. Here, about April, the fragrant five- lobed tubular flowers appear, pearly pink and clustered at the tips of hairy, trailing branches clad with leathery leaves, evergreen but weatherworn at this time of year. My _ favourite wildflower book, long out of print, says this shyest of sylvan flowers cannot be coaxed to take up residence in _ gardens and pines away when brought into contact with civilisation. This was unduly pessimistic and contemporary writers do not consider it difficult to establish except when large plants are dug from the wild. This is hardly to the plant’s discredit and applies equally to large clumps of heather dug from Scottish moors. I have seen Epigaea growing happily at the shaded end of several heather gardens here, but I suspect that in England’s equable climate shade would be less important. Regard the search for this in English catalogues as truly a treasure hunt, or buy instead the very similar Japanese E. asiatica, which Hilliers list. A few now for the drier, sunnier spots. Spiraea bullata grows quickly into a compact, rounded shrub with crinkled leaves and domes of rosy red flowers in late summer. It looks neater if allowed to grow no more than two feet high, clipped annually to maintain a shapely appearance. Polygonum vaccinifolium is the knotweed equivalent of Erica carnea ‘Springwood White’, going busily on its way at about the same speed and rooting as it goes. The edge of a aD : THE HEATHER SOCIETY raised bed is an ideal place for this one and the spikes of bright red flower decking the evergreen mats can be enjoyed late into autumn. The creeping thymes (7. serpyllum) can be grown in the forefront of heathers but are rather too prostrate and spreading to mix and mingle amongst them. Thymus nitidus, however, is shrubby in shape, approximately one foot high and a bit more broad. The strongly aromatic leaves are ~ greyish and narrow and the fiower spikes lilac. For anyone liking thyme and lemon stuffing with their roast duck but without space or inclination for a special herb garden, the common seasoning thyme, 7. vulgaris, could well be fitted into a gap in the heather garden. It does need fairly frequent renewal, but then (though this be peers) so do some of the heathers. For the poorest, sandy soils in full sun or part shade try Bearberry or Kinnikinnick (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). It will not do well as a rule in rich or heavy soil. Mats of evergreen leaves follow the contours of the ground. Waxy bells of white blushed pink dot the clumps but the berries which follow tend to hide shyly beneath the leaves. I like grey-foliaged plants with heathers. Of Hebe pinguifolia ‘Pagei’ I have written before. Most of the hebes (shrubby Veronicas) look well in heather beds and this is one of the best. Senecio greyi also comes from New Zealand, and though I was assured by a member there that this is not the same plant as S. /axifolius, the terms certainly seem to be used synonymously in the English nursery trade. The yellow ragwort flowers which deck the wide-spreading, silver- leaved branches are unexciting but do appear right through the summer. Under ideal conditions and left unpruned, this shrub can become four feet or so in height and straggle over a greater width. I Jike it best disciplined to two feet, but even so it is only suitable for moderately spacious quarters. It likes dry soil and sun and did well for me close to the trunk of a high-branched oak tree, a situation scorned by a great many other plants and barely tolerated by the heathers. Finally, two I have never seen. Daboecia, we all know, used to be Menziesia. So did some at least of the Phyllodoce — clan, these last being dear and dainty heath-like shrubs, YEAR BOOK 1971 23 but oh! so hard to please. In their 1962 catalogue Hilliers of Winchester retain two Menziesia species, M. cilicalyx lasiophylla and M. purpurea respectively, described as having flowers resembling the daboecias but waxy in texture, the first purple shading to yellowish green and the second bright red. The descriptions intrigue me. Will someone please try them and tell me about them? aaa Past and Present John P. Ardron, Sheffield ‘Disagreeable, disagreeable, disagreeable, disagreeable was the first four months of the northern year. And in so speaking I think I even flatter them.’ This dreadful quotation is from the imposing tome In a Yorkshire Garden published in 1909. Poor Reginald Farrer had a jaundiced view of the Winter Aconite and had little - enthusiasm for the Snowdrop, nor did he even mention the Winter Jasmine. It is odd that so prominent a plantsman had not secured Erica carnea to dress his garden with its irrepressible flowers during the first third of the year. But five years later, in The English Rock Garden, he recognised *,. . the winter blooming tendencies of Erica carnea give it quite peculiar value, to reinforce the already sufficient value of its fine foliage and brilliant flowers. There are white forms and better forms and better forms of even the white, to say nothing of the fact that it grows in any soil.’ On the same page he commends Ereica (the original spelling) Tetralix, cinerea, ciliaris and Mackaiana as being of “prime importance’ for the rock garden. It would be interesting to trace when and where the first heather gardens were planted. We know that James Smith and Sons, nurserymen of Darley Dale (established 1827), were early in the field and it is recorded that in 1852 they introduced Erica cinerea ‘Atrosanguinea’ and E. c. ‘Cocci- nea’; and that Backhouse of York gave an impetus to E. carnea by introducing many new varieties towards the end of 24 THE HEATHER SOCIETY last century. In 1905, Mark Fenwick planted a heather garden at Abbotswood, Glos., and in the same year Colonel Messel planted a stand of heathers at Nymans, Sussex. The R.H.S. gave formal recognition of the merits of heather by the F.C.C. award they made to Calluna y. ‘Cuprea’, back in 1873. There is a long and intriguing history of the expeditions of intrepid botanical collectors who have garnered, from the - most remote parts of the world, more and more plants for introduction into cultivation. Many of their finds have enriched our gardens in great measure, but some, especially amongst the high alpine flora, have not been able to with- stand our too-changeable climate. Indeed, many have had to be given refuge under glass. Not so with our hardy heathers; they thrive in our temperate yet extremely variable weather because they are endemic to Europe and the British Isles. Although appreciated by relatively few discerning gardeners in the past, heathers are now being recognised as being of unique value because they contribute more to the whole-year- round-garden than any other genera which can be grown in the open ground. This is no overstatement; within the family of heathers we have members which will give us a long season of individual flowering, to cover all seasons and, usually, every month. Extensive heather gardens are now to be seen at Windsor Great Park, Wisley, Ness, Edinburgh, and many other public and private gardens. Which brings us to Harlow Car Gardens, Harrogate, where, as elsewhere reported, our Society in co-operation with The Northern Horticultural Society is seeking to grow for public inspection every variety of heather we can find. Not an easy task. Where can we find E. cinerea ‘Boothii’, E. australis ‘Mount Stewart’ and “Wishanger Pink’*? All three were awarded the A.M. by R.H.S.; have they gone out of cultivation or do they masquerade under other names? | ‘ The latest development at Harlow Car is that a large new area, somewhat apart from the main garden, is now set aside for use strictly as a heather trials garden. This will facilitate **Wishanger Pink’: see pages 136-137, R.H.S. Journal for March 1969, article by C. D. Brickell and D. McClintock.—Ed. YEAR BOOK 1971 25 the work of comparing varieties and eliminating the con- fusion of nomenclature, as explained in the 1970 Year Book. The four members who have been recording the progress of each variety have now been joined by Mrs Haley and Mrs Macaulay, and we take this opportunity of welcoming them and thanking the recording team for their painstaking long- term efforts. Meanwhile, the scenic planting of the land- scaped heather garden has got off to a good start towards carrying out our hopes and intentions, resolved upon over four years ago. aaa Personal Names used for our Hardy Heathers David McClintock, Platt, Kent “Who were Alport, Hammond, W. T. Rackliff, Serle (or Searle or Searl)? Most of us—all of us, surely—have an abiding interest in people, and with this goes curiosity why certain plants bear the names of certain people and who these people were. But to discover all the answers is not easy: who the four names belong to which I began with, is still quite unknown. So one of the objects of this list is to show where we have not got the answers, and hope that those who have will take the trouble to let us know. It is frequently the greatest help in distinguishing cultivars to be definite about the origin of a plant, and this often includes why it was given a certain name. This is becoming an ever more complex task, and as the Heather Registration Authority we need such details. I have put in brackets the earliest date and source for the cultivars whose derivation I have failed to discover. But further particulars for some of the others could also well be added... A compilation of this kind must of course owe much to others, most of them to be inferred from the text itself, but Mr P. S. Patrick, and Mr J. W. Sparkes have specially helped with the cultivars from their own nurseries, and Mr and Mrs Letts also saw the draft. Not everyone, however, replies to letters and, failing the chance of personal contact, one or two obvious sources remain untapped or unconfirmed. Any list such as this shows the uncertainties of horticultural fame. However good a variety seems to be, it may soon be surpassed, may never have the recognition it deserves, or may prove to have some unsuspected defect, while others given almost chance names may achieve immortality. So this is no complete gallery in the hall of merit although it is nice to see so many leading heather people, past and 26 THE HEATHER SOCIETY present, professional and amateur, in it. I hope some of the gaps may soon be filled. Albrechtii (Calluna). (Germany, 1934.) Mrs Alf (Calluna). Mrs A. W. Wilson of Dunfermline, its discoverer c. 1935. Alportii (Calluna). (England, pre-1864.) Barnett Anley (Calluna). Brig. B. L. Anley, husband of Mrs Gwendolen Anley of Woking, d. before 1964. A seedling in her garden, pre- - 1960. Sister Anne (Calluna). Miss Anne Moseley of N. Devon, discoverer in the Lizard district, c. 1929. She was a nurse, but ‘Sister’ was the appellation used by her own sister. Miss Appleby (Calluna). Miss H. M. Appleby, now of Rowledge, Farnham, Surrey, discoverer in Radnor Forest, c. 1954. C. J. Backhouse (carnea). (Backhouse of York, 1911) James Backhouse (carnea). (Backhouse of York, 1911.) Betty Baum (Calluna). (de Belder of Kalmthout, by 1962.) Baylay’s Variety (cinerea). Finder in 1940s, the late Mr J. W. Baylay of Solihull. Cecilia M. Beale (carnea). Sister of H. E. Beale, 1927. H. E. Beale (Calluna). Director of Maxwell and Beale, Broadstone, c. 1926. Beleziae (Calluna). Mlle Marguerite Beléze, discoverer in 1874 in the Forét de Rambouillet. Ann Berry (cinerea). Finder on staff of Underwood Bros., Chobham, pre-1963. Dainty Bess (Calluna). (American, by 1962.) C. G. Best (cinerea). Finder, employee of Maxwell and Beale, by 1931. Bohlje (x darleyensis). (On the Continent by 1962.) Boothii (cinerea). J.G. Booth and Son, nurserymen, of Hamburg, 1905. Boscawen’s Variety (canaliculata). Canon A. T. Boscawen of Ludgvan Rectory, Cornwall (1862-1939). Ingrid peu (Calluna). Sport from ‘Tib’ at C. Bouter, Boskoop, by 1969. E. F. pew (Calluna). American airman who found it in Germany, pre-1966. Jack H. Brummage (x darleyensis). Nurseryman of Taverham, Norfolk, William Buchanan (Daboecia). Plantsman of Bearsden, Glasgow, d. c. 1963. Joyce Burfitt (cinerea). Now of Lytchett Matravers, finder near Wareham, c. 1950. ‘Bury’s Variety (Tetralix). (At Wisley, 1934 and 1937.) Fred J. Chapple (Ca/luna). Seedling at Whaley Bridge, c. 1948. Author of The Heather Garden. Carole Chapman (Calluna). Third child of Charlie Chapman of Birmingham, by 1966. Janice Chapman (Calluna). Second child of Charlie Chapman of Birmingham, pre-1966. YEAR BOOK 1971 27 Robert Chapman (Calluna). Eldest child of Charlie Chapman of Birmingham, pre-1962. Charlotte (“‘mediterranea’’). (Maxwell and Beale, 1935.) Sir John Charrington (Calluna). Founder of the Heather Society. 1966. Chittendenii (vagans). F. J. Chittenden (1873-1950), R.H.S. Editor, and Director of Wisley. 1934. Christine (Calluna). Frl. C. Rijnbeek of Bremen, daughter of the introducer in 1960s. Cindy (cinerea). The Letts’s Collie dog, by 1966. Clarae (Arborea). (1914, variety of Pampanini.) Alan Coates (carnea). (Britain, pre-1947.) Coillotii (Ciliaris). M. Coillot, finder, 1898. Ada S. Collings (carnea). (C. E. J. Stubbington, St Albans, pre-1964.) Fred Corston (cinerea). F. H. D. Corston, Director of Knap Hill Nursery, from 1968. Crawfordii (Mackaiana). Dr F. C. Crawford (1851-1908), Edinburgh, finder, 1901. Stephen Davis (cinerea). Son of P. G. Davis, nurseryman of Haslemere, 1969 Dawn (x Watsonii). Niece of H. E. Beale, 1925. Mrs Dill (cinerea). (Maxwell and Beale, 1931.) Murielle Dobson (Calluna). Wife of finder, W. S. Dobson of Edinburgh, c. 1953. Mrs Sam Doncaster (carnea). (Backhouse, 1911.) ~ Mrs S. Donaldson (vagans). (Wallace, 1931.) Drummondii (Daboecia). (Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 1896.) _ Mrs Dunlop (Calluna). Mrs Dunlop of Reston, Berwickshire, 1968. C. D. Eason (cinerea). Charles D. Eason (an Australian), employed by Maxwell and Beale, finder, by 1931. David Eason (Calluna). Son of C. D. Eason, by 1948. John Eason (cinerea). Finder, son of C. D. Eason, by 1933. Elii (arborea). (Variety of Pampanini, 1914.) Erikae (Calluna). Frau Erika Grabner, née Stange (born 1875). G. Ford (cinerea). (America, 1967.) Error for ‘Mrs Ford’? Mrs Ford (cinerea). (Britain, by 1947.) Foxii (Calluna). (England, by 1867.) Frances (cinerea). Maid to Mr and Mrs H. Maxwell, 1921. Duncan Frazer (cinerea). A foreman at Waterers. Found in 1950s. George Frazer (Tetralix). (America, by 1967.) Else Frye (Calluna). Mrs E. Frye of Seattle, in whose garden the sport originated, c. 1940. King George (carnea). King George V (1865-1936). Mrs C. H. Gill (ciliaris). “Of Thirsk’, by 1927. Mary Grace (Tetralix). Nobody—D. F. Maxwell’s two favourite girls’ names. Archie Graham (x darleyensis). (Hilliers, some years before 1967.) Graham’s White (Calluna). Named after the discoverer in 1930s near Loch Fyne. 28 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Ann Gray (Calluna). Nobody—seedling found between ‘Sister Anne’ and ‘Mrs Ronald Gray’, pre-1968. Francis Gray. (Calluna). (Ex Holland by 1964.) Dr Ronald Gray (Mackaiana). Vice-President of the Heather Society (1880-1966). Mrs re Gray (Calluna). First wife of Dr Ronald Gray, finder in Mrs R. Green (Calluna). Error in R.A.S. Journal 1968 for the last. Gregor’s Variety (Calluna). (By 1963.) Error for ‘“MacGregor’s’ ? Gwen (x Watsonii). Niece of H. E. Beale, 1925. Hamildon (cinerea). A friend of Miss Waterer of Penzance. Hamiltonii (Calluna). (C. Dieck of Zéschen, Germany, 1885, 1889.) J. H. Hamilton (Calluna). Director of Maxwell and Beale, pre-1932. — Hammondii (Calluna). (Britain, by 1850.) Jim Hardy (cinerea). Employee of Knap Hill Nursery since 1934. Found in early 1950s. Hayesensis (Calluna). Robert Hayes of Grasmere, c. 1900. Helenae (arborea). (Variety of Pampanini, 1914.) Helma (Tetralix). Daughter of M. Zwijnenberg of Boskoop, by 1967. Martha Hermann (Calluna). Employee of Mayfair Nurseries, New York, 1969. E. Hoare (Calluna). Employee of Maxwell and Beale, 1948. Diana Hornibrook (vagans). (Britain, by 1946.) Hostii (Calluna). (At Hull, 1866.) Michael Hugo (cinerea). (Knap Hill, late 1960’s.) Younger son of Donald Waterer. Jae (Calluna). Jessie, late wife of Fred. J. Chapple. Seediing 1950. Jamesiana (Andromeda x). (Canada, 1954.) Janet (cinerea). A Scottish friend of Miss Waterer, 1941. Jennifer Anne (carnea). Mrs Geoffrey Yates of Nottingham, seedling in their garden ee Arthur Johnson (x darleyensis). Horticultural journalist of N Wales (1873-1956), 1952. ; ae Jory Ae jousen (Calluna). Horticultural journalist of North Wales, Cc. ; J one anet (Calluna). Horticultural journalist of North Wales, y , Juno (Calluna). Mrs June Kolaga, wife of the owner of the M i Nurseries, New York, c. 1963. e Mayet Katinka (cinerea). No-one. Thomas Kingscote (carnea). (Backhouse, 1911.) Kuphaldtii (Calluna). Gartendirektor Kuphaldt of Berlin, finder on Oldenburg Moors, pre-1932. Lawsoniana (Mackaiana, Calluna). Lawson and Sons, Nur Edinburgh, c. 1875. miei eet of YEAR BOOK 1971 29 John F. Letts (Calluna). Nurseryman of Windlesham, Surrey—seedling in his garden in 1960s. Jean radale (ciliaris). Of Corfe Mullen, finder by 1950, friend of Miss J. Burfitt. Lyle’s Surprise (Calluna). R. E. Lyle of Alloa, finder, in Moray pre- 1965. Miss Lynne (carnea). (Ex Pinks Hill Nurseries, Guildford, in 1960s.) (To be continued) rt te The Fall in an Eastern American Garden Harold W. Copeland, Chatham, Mass., U.S.A. It is our gorgeous autumn season now, beauty everywhere. The reds of the sumach, Vaccinium and Euonymus alatus and oaks, the yellows of the maples, the blue of the ocean, the ‘various shades of green of pines, cedars, spruces, rhodo- dendrons and sparkling hollies with their red berries. The wee hardy cyclamen are exquisite and here and there are clusters of late-flowering primulas. In the heather garden are stray intriguing flowers of some cultivars of ciliaris, Tetralix and cinerea. Masses of carnea buds give promise of beauty to come in mid-winter. God is good. A man comes each year from New Jersey and takes about 3,000 cuttings of our more unusual hollies, which he roots and grows for later sale. He also takes rare shrubs and heathers. A nurseryman in Connecticut comes twice a year for material he can’t get elsewhere, especially loads of Asarum europeum (Snakeroot). Since we never charge for anything these men are for ever sending us new materials, like dwarf conifers and Exbury azaleas. In another month we shall start putting the garden to bed. We put rotted pine needles around the small heathers, protecting the roots, and then cranberry vines (Vaccinium macrocarpum) over the entire area. Correspondence with you and others in England developed the fact that over there you frowned on the use of pine 30 ; THE HEATHER SOCIETY needles. After 13 years’ steady use our plants are in thrifty condition except certain E. carnea. Iam beginning to wonder if our naturally acid soil with the build-up of rotted pine needles is not too much of a good thing for some carnea cultivars, as there is a wide difference of growth amongst them. Certain ones are rampant, not only filling the area assigned to them but trespassing on others’ space. These - include ‘King George’, Springwood ‘Pink’ and ‘White’, ‘Sherwoodi’, ‘Ruby Glow’ and ‘Winter Beauty’. Another group do splendidly and are less rampant, including ‘Vivellii’, ‘Loughrigg’, ‘Pink Pearl’, ‘Startler’, ‘Gracilis’, “‘Carnea’ and ‘James Backhouse’. Still another group start off well but begin to die back and then expire in their fourth year; these are “Rosea’, “Rosy Gem’, “Snow Queen’, “Queen Mary’, ‘March Seedling’, ‘Aurea’, ‘Pink Spangles’ and ‘Mrs Sam Doncaster’. I have just (November 1970) applied lime to all the plants in this last category, hoping to deter- mine if this is the answer. Out of your longer and wider experience, have you any comment? [I have never experienced it myself, but some members have told me they have had to apply lime to their acid soil, as Mr Copeland has done, to counteract too much acidity. I shall be grateful to have members’ comments, so that I can forward them to Mr Copeland.—E£d. | ee Do Prune Your Heathers B. G. London, Taverham, Norfolk At the Heather Competition held at the R.H.S. Hall in September, Mr N. Brummage’s exhibit of straight spikes of Calluna ‘H. E. Beale’, many of which were one foot long, was awarded a First Prize, and was the cause of many questions from the viewers, most wishing to know how it was possible to grow such long straight spikes. I explained they were taken from young plants grown from cuttings and these were leading spikes. After the flowers died, or in March of the following year, the flowered spikes should be pruned off, then the next year long lateral spikes would YEAR BOOK 1971 31 grow out from below the cut but would be curved at the base. I showed my own exhibit as an example. Many said: “But the new growth is coming at the tip of the spike’. This gave me opportunity to demonstrate that when the dead flowers fell off a foot of bare stem was left on which, if not cut off, the next year’s new growth would produce only a few short flowering spikes, leaving the plant with a bare and lanky look. Some already had plants like this; I hope I convinced my enquirers that pruning must start with the very first flowering spike while the plants are young in order to maintain a display of fine long spikes. The same applies, of course, to all heathers excepting perhaps FE. mediterranea and some of the slower growing carneas, e.g. “King George’, ‘Vivellii’, “Ruby Glow’, and some others which only need occasional pruning to keep them in shape. However, the vigorous growing carneas, like ‘Springwood White’ and ‘Pink’, need pruning, otherwise they creep and layer themselves, the centre becoming bare stems. For plants that have become untidy and lanky I suggest they be replaced with new plants, or prune the worst half of the plant nearly to the base one year to encourage new growth to break out, and the following year prune the other half. ————, Mid-Winter Folly B. R. Malin, Worthing, Sussex Mid-Winter Folly is an extension of Mid-Summer Madness, the latter being, as you may recall, the desire to construct at furious pace irregularly shaped raised beds disguised as rockeries on which to accommodate further ericaceaous subjects. It is, of course, essential to garden on very alkaline soil as otherwise you will never have to suffer from the acid- starvation which brings about Mid-Summer Madness in the first place. By the beginning of autumn the raised rockeries were completed and largely planted out with heaths but with a 32 THE HEATHER SOCIETY few gaps where I had difficulty in obtaining the required cultivars. (Never give in to the urge to take substitutes.) Towards the end of September I placed a few handfuls of peat round each of the newly planted young plants for protection in the coming months, not realising at the time that simply to think about this step was a symptom of Mid-Winter Folly. I thought no more about it until one - Sunday morning late in October I poked my head outside the back door in the early morning and felt the hint of slight frost. Naturally I hurried to the greenhouse, as I always do when I realise I have been caught out by the temperature, and on the way passed one of the raised rockeries. The peat which had been carefully placed round each young plant had of course been displaced, mainly by the birds, who love scratching it about, and suddenly I decided there and then, shivering in my shirtsleeves, that the bed would have to be re-mulched. There was a pile of peat adjacent and almost without thinking what my wife would say about my gardening in slippers (a favourite sin) I set to work. It didn’t take more than half an hour, and my family evidently expected me to behave like this, so all was well at breakfast. I did not have a recurrent attack until November when, on a crisp sunny morning, I was strolling round the garden and noticed some young half-hardy shrubs (Hibiscus and Ceanothus) had not been protected with the usual sacking round the roots. Fair enough, but when this job was done my thoughts turned to the heather beds again and I duly sacked the dwarf azaleas which grow amongst them, though it is doubtful if they need protecting in Sussex. All the time, as you will have guessed, I had really been thinking about the heathers, but if you thought I was going to say that I protected these beloved plants still further you are wrong. It is one of the subtleties of Mid-Winter Folly that I simply congratulated myself on having taken precautions for them earlier and, instead, thought about filling up oneof the gaps with the not-quite-hardy E. umbellata (the Portu- guese Heath). I decided to visit Mr Hardwick’s Nurseries at Newick on my way to a hockey match in that direction. They evidently have more snow than Worthing, for on looking at the nursery beds I could see no signs of foliage. Mr YEAR BOOK 1971 33 Hardwick was very understanding and I think he quite enjoyed scraping the snow away with his bare hands and showing that (supposedly?) half-hardy Erica. The plants could not be taken away because the fablo pots were all frozen together, and possibly the roots might also have been frozen to the ground through the holes in the bottom of the pots, so arrangements were made to call again the next week when, although there was still snow about, the pots were free. The plants were intended to be kept well sheltered until spring, but a few weeks later a spell of slightly warmer weather unfroze the soil and my next effort was to spend an hour or so setting these plants out, for which I suffered numb fingers. They, both plants and fingers, survived and I recommend E. umbellata, since it blooms profusely (cerise pink with chocolate antlers) in the heather close season in May and it really cannot be all that tender, southof London anyway. Finally in September, when trimming some C. v. ‘Beoley Gold’, a number of pieces were dibbled in. (I get better results this way than taking formal cuttings which are usually smothered with too much attention!) These I forgot to protect but, helped by the shelter of the surrounding rocks, they survived very well. The plants I had protected flourished also, but no better, and it is a sign of the stage to which my Mid-Winter Folly has advanced that not heeding this lesson I will even look forward to another year of Mid- Summer Madness followed by the inevitable Mid-Winter Folly. I wish you all the same. os Phytophthora cinnamomi C. I. MacLeod, Horley, Surrey Many letters have been received as a result of the short article in Bulletin No. 11 dealing with this fungus disease, commonly known as Erica Wilt. Mr D. A. Richards of Cumberland, suspecting that he had it, sent specimens of affected plants to Dr R. M. Jackson, 34 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Reader in Plant Microbiology at the University of Surrey in Guildford. The following are extracts from Dr Jackson’s reply: ‘The’ Calluna: y.. “Cuprea?>and= C.F 8. Chapple” have now yielded cultures of Phytophthora cinnamomi. The diagnosis for these plants is therefore definite. I have not succeeded in isolating the fungus from the other plants - but this does not necessarily prove they have not been infected. You undoubtedly have a difficult problem on your hands. Once Phytophthora cinnamomi is in the soil it forms resistant chlamydospores and oospores that can survive up to five years. We have no really effective fungicides that will be much help in getting rid of the fungus. Soil sterilisa- tion even by heat or, less satisfactorily, with chemicals such as formaldehyde or Vapam is the only method of getting rid of the fungus.’ Mr Richards tells us further that the foci of the infection in those beds where it has been proved, are apparently deep in the ground. He bases this conclusion on the fact that after removing the dead callunas, he found many healthy seedlings which had obviously not got down to the seat of infection. Also, plants may have grown healthily for two years and then collapsed, presumably because they had penetrated to the diseased soil. Dr Jackson’s advice not to carry infected soil into uninfected areas comes too late for Mr Richards and prob- ably others who have, in Mr Richards’s words, ‘moved tons of soil and stones around’. ‘Have we some scientific genius who can exterminate Phytophthora cinnamomi and leave our precious Mycorrhiza unharmed ?’ is Mr Richards’s heartfelt cry. It would appear that the disease did not occur or was not recognised in 1962, for according to Mr H. L. Nicholson’s quotation from a book by T. R. Peace published that year, it did not affect hardy heaths in the U.K. but had been found in composts in greenhouses where Cape Heaths were grown. If the latter statement is correct, though the former has been proved wrong, we may have the reason, or one of them at least, why those of us who grow Cape Heaths lose so. many of them, inexplicably. Fred J. Chapple) (Photo 5 . Calluna ‘Elsie Purnell’ Daboecia cantabrica (Connemara Heath) Erica vagans (Cornish Heath) Drawings by G. E. P. Wood |. Eeaths Erica Tetralix (Cross-leaved Heath) | Calluna vulgaris (Scotch Heather) (aj/ddvyD { Padd 010d ) URI JO IST OY} UI ySeOO jdoMS-a]e3 B UO SIOJIUOD puUe sIOeOH YEAR BOOK 1971 35 Questions and Answers In Bulletin No. 10 a member asked: ‘. . . will heathers per- form better on a soil low in humus, in fact on a soil that provides very little nutriment?’ In Bulletin 11 we asked (1) for members’ experiences in growing on poor soils and, if stimulants were used, which did they find gave best results, and (2) had they suffered losses in plants last winter and the dry spring that followed it? I am grateful for the answers we received; they should be an encouragement to many. Q.1. Your experience of success or failure on your type of soil and of what does it consist, and observations on other types of soil you know of. If you use stimulants, which gave the best results? From Miss Ryan, Reigate, Surrey: The principal content of my soil is sand, though in many places it has a good mixture of heavier soil (pH 6). I do better with ericas than with callunas, but have found that none do weil in areas that are pure sand, and all must have not only peat to start them off but frequent liberal top- dressings of the same. Both callunas and ericas require a considerable amount of attention, especially watering for the first two years. Two years ago I deliberately experimented with powdered seaweed. In the early spring I put a sprinkling round a number of plants of both ericas and callunas. By mid- summer it was quite evident that all the plants that had had it were doing considerably better than those without. So an application in the spring to all my plants has now become routine. From Mr A. W. Jones, Taplow, Bucks.: Taplow lies at a point where the chalk hills of the Chilterns meet the sand and gravel of the Thames valley. It is a wooded area and rhododendrons do well. I am not sure if my own subsoil is chalk or sand, but when I began my heather garden I was faced with clay of unknown origin which had 36 THE HEATHER SOCIETY been spread on the site by the builder. I mixed this soil with a compost. heap, which I estimate had been made 25-30 years earlier, and rhododendron sedge peat of guaranteed pH, and built the beds up six to nine inches above the sur- rounding level. The plants [Mr Jones lists 20 varieties he grows] are given one dose of Sequestrene each year, and the beds are dressed ~ to between one- and two-inch depth with Somerset sedge peat. I occasionally water with a solution of Epsom Salts as our tap-water is very hard; I always water liberally during periods of drought. I find a dusting of weathered soot is of value, especially to E. carnea ‘Eileen Porter’, at about six-weekly intervals during the growing period. I have once used a light dressing of powdered seaweed, but have not continued with it. In my mother’s Somerset garden, where the soil is alka- line, a raised bed was built with peat blocks and filled with a mixture of clay soil, sedge peat and sharp sand. All the plants are healthy and are blooming well. From Mrs C. M. MacIntyre, Holmes Chapel, Cheshire: The soil in this district is very sandy, with subsoil of pure sand with seams of ironstone in it. The natural vegetation is of birch woods and heather mainly Calluna, also some cinerea and Tetralix, the latter growing not only in wet places but also on dry areas among the Calluna. I started growing heathers more than 20 years ago when I noticed wild seedlings growing on a sandy bank in the garden. This bank had been a problem as it was too dry for ordinary rock plants. Not knowing anything about varieties, or even species, I planted it with a mixture of heathers from a local nursery, laying flat stones around the plants to prevent the soil being washed down in wet weather. This bank is now covered with large and luxuriant heathers, a cause of wonder and admiration to all who see it. Since then I have read Mr Chapple’s book, and anything else I could find, and have planted heathers all over the garden, but none are as successful as those on the hot dry bank. Regarding heather growing in pure sand, a sand quarry was started nearby about 10 years ago. The workings left banks of clean sand which became covered with birch and YEAR BOOK 1971 Si! heather (Calluna), the plants growing roots 18 inches or more in length, which could easily be lifted by hand. The differing shades and habits of growth were amazing, some plants being dwarf, others growing tall and bushy. This part has now been levelled, but new sandbanks are forming which we hope will also become heather ‘gardens’. I feel sure that heathers bloom best where they are grown ‘hard’ and on poor soil. From Mrs C. Richards, Church Stretton, Shropshire: In my case I am sure that total situation is a far more significant factor than soil composition alone. Our cottage stands 1,100 feet above sea level, and I have more or less carved or coaxed a garden out of steep and open hillside, which above yields entirely to bracken. The soil is thus thin, poor and acid; water conservation is a problem at times, and drought has undoubtedly caused me a few losses in first season plants, though none amongst mature plants. I have never used any nutriment in my heather garden, but when planting have always forked into the soil vast quantities of whatever cost-free humus lay most con- veniently to hand—‘convenience’ being a relative term... . For the first three or four years I plundered (but latterly with the Lord of the Manor’s permission) a wild heather- clad plateau for blocks of root-entangled peat, which I crumbled; for the next two or three years I carted leafmould from a bluebell wood (which we then owned but I still felt guilty); and for the last few years I’ve taken the easiest way out of all—I simply climb up the hill behind the house and fill sack after sack with, so to speak, the accumulated drop- pings of bracken. I’ve never heard this recommended, and I don’t know if the pundits would approve the practice; but anyone with shoulder-high bracken practically knocking at the back door should certainly give it a try! From Mr B. G. London, Taverham, Norfolk: Now that I have sandy soil I think one cannot go wrong if a little peat is added to give the roots a start. For no apparent reason I have lost one E. carnea ‘Ruby Glow’ and two Calluna ‘Torulosa’, though the latter may have caught a drift of weedkiller as two C. y. ‘County Wicklow’ also looked sick for a time. 38 | THE HEATHER SOCIETY When on the chalk of the Chilterns at High Wycombe my first plantings of carnea and x darleyensis were in chalk with a couple of handfuls of peat mixed in; they suffered from chlorosis though it did not stop them flowering or layering themselves. ‘Springwood White’ had yellow foliage, so much so that Mr Letts remarked: “Well, you do not need ‘Aurea’.” Later on I planted in pockets of sandy soil from ~ Bagshot Heath and the plants grew better, though when the roots reached chalk FE. vagans suffered from chlorosis but after three years turned green again. Calluna, Tetralix and hybrids were not affected in flower or foliage even when their roots had embedded themselves in the chalk. I never use any fertiliser, though I have noticed after a heath fire cinerea seedlings acquire glossier foliage and longer flower spikes for a time, so perhaps they relish a little potash. From Mr D. A. Richards, Eskdale, Cumberland: My soil, on a granite mountain, is natural for heathers but there were none when [ started. There was sufficient soil to support a jungle that stifled any heathers. As soon as the competition is removed they thrive. Heathers are the only plants I grow that receive no nutri- ment of any kind. Nurserymen and others frequently claim to grow bigger plants with fertiliser but it is questionable whether they are better. Speaking as a chemist, the fertilisers that are generally accepted by growers, both professional and amateur, contain so little of anything significant that they can at least do little damage. 3 From Miss C. J. Elliott, Rostrevor, Co. Down, N. Ireland: Heathers do extremely well here on a slope facing south and west; drainage is so good that nutrients are leached from the soil. To counter this, turves are placed in the bottom of the planting holes, and peat and old rotted farmyard manure is used at planting time. Plants flourish and seed themselves all over the place. In Co. Kerry, S. Ireland, I have seen splendid heather plants growing on a clay bank. In a nursery I visit the soil is called locally ‘rotted granite’; plants, grown on sloping ground, are the finest I have ever seen. Well-rotted manure YEAR BOOK 1971 39 is used at planting time, but not at all afterwards; the root system is larger than the growth above ground by a big margin. From Mr P. Bessent, Eltham, London, S.E.: This garden has been cultivated for over 40 years. It has a light gravelly soil with its quota of pebbles. I have grown heathers for over 20 years and had not had many failures except from old age. Last autumn and this spring I planted 64 small plants from a nursery; three Callunas and one cinerea failed to grow. I had to water them occasionally through the drought with our hard tap-water but they have grown on well. No peat or fertiliser has been used. When planting, rotted grass is well mixed with the soil in the hole, and more is put round the ball of roots. Rotted grass is also used as a mulch. Mr P. Dawson, of Blackburn, Lancs., writes: _ Originally my type of soil was of a heavy clay nature. I added large quantities of peat, river sand and leaf soil and then planted my heathers. ' [Here follows a list of eight species, 58 plants in all, all of which grew successfully except two E. carnea ‘Eileen Porter’ and one cinerea ‘Golden Drop’, which died during the winter. | In a second garden the soil was of a light sandy nature, near Ambleside, Westmorland. Here there were no losses. Mr Dawson uses ‘Maxicrop’, soluble seaweed, but no other nutrient. The only other loss was of four carneas and one cinerea, and Mr Dawson suspects Erica Wilt. Q.2. Did you suffer any losses after the last long-pro- tracted winter and the dry spring that followed it? It has been reported that E. vagans suffered very badly in many parts of the country. From Miss Ryan, Reigate, Surrey: E. vagans has come through 1970 better with me than most other species. I have not lost many plants as we had no watering restrictions and a sprinkler was kept going con- 40 THE HEATHER SOCIETY tinuously. The older plants suffered most and I lost one or two E. carnea and several E. Tetralix. From Sir John Charrington, Crockham Hill, Kent: ; I have had the strange experience, not with one vagans variety, but with four or five, of bloom appearing on the north side of the group a long time before that on the south. - The beds are all in full sunshine and the symptom has not occurred with other species. From Mrs MacIntyre, Holmes Chapel, Cheshire: E. vagans losses: My plants seem to recover as a rule, shoots breaking out from the base of the stem. In a long border facing north, plants were badly damaged in 1963, less in 1969, except where the sun caught them at mid-day. [Mrs MacIntyre reports other species being badly affected in other winters, ‘mostly those which are touched by mid- day sunshine and are in sheltered places’. ] From Mrs Richards, Church Stretton, Shropshire: So far as | can remember I have never lost a single plant of E. vagans. Last year I gave up for lost (they didn’t quite die) some Tetralix which had been flattened by several feet of solidly compacted snow for about ten weeks, and I carried out several other mercy killings. None were necessary this year, though the garden has been less colourful than usual and mocked conventional calendars more waywardly than ever. From Mr D. A. Richards, Eskdale, Cumberland: The winter was bad here, the drought the worst in living memory. I lost no E. vagans, and other heathers only in shallow soil on bare rock, but when the rains came in July | losses were very heavy. The soil became much warmer than usual, then heavy rain caused streams of surface water. ‘Along these streams, which were probably only in existence for a few hours, plants sickened and died, usually in about a fortnight. It all added up to a fungus, water-borne, and now the experts put the label Phytophthora cinnamomi. [See Bulletin 11, pages 6-7.—Ed.] Among the casualties were Callunas, especially colour foliage and hirsuta types; E. YEAR BOOK 1971 41 arborea, one plant only, now recovering; E. Tetralix, mostly young plants moved this year; E. cinerea, old and young; Daboecias, including many new hybrids of which some may recover. Plants that were not affected include E. ciliaris; E. yvagans; E. mediterranea ‘Hibernica’; E. carnea; E. terminalis. This may be they were not on infected ground, though I think some E. ciliaris were right in the ‘line of fire’. From Miss C. J. Elliott, Co. Down, N. Ireland: We do not have much frost here, and little snow. Although we had the driest summer I can remember in this district (we were not allowed to water the garden) no losses were suffered in the heather garden, in heathers or shrubs. E. vagans did extremely well. From Mr P. Bessent, Eltham, London: I have established plants of E. vagans ‘Lyonesse’, ‘Mrs D. F. Maxwell’ and ‘St Keverne’. This spring some branches of an old plant of ‘Mrs Maxwell’ died back; these were cut out and the rest has grown on and flowered. The other varieties are quite vigorous. Several seedlings found close to ‘Lyonesse’ have white flowers suffused with lilac. From H. L. Nicholson, Dorking: A fascinating book, Gardening on Sand, published by W. H. and L. Collingridge Ltd, has been written by Christine Kelway and should be helpful. I found last September at a place called Goudplaat near Goes in South Beveland, Netherlands, that our Dutch friends in the State Forest Service had planted oak, syca- more, elm, alder and mixed shrubs in pure white sand with no humus content, being granitic in origin. I took a picture of a young Quercus robur (pedunculata) ‘Common Oak’ really flourishing, but owing to the whiteness of the sand my slide was over-exposed and no good for reproduction. Somehow I feel that being so close to the sea there must be some filtration underground and that there may be some useful trace elements creeping about under the roots. After all, seaweed has its uses both for man and plants. Is there some connection here? I am just amazed to see these Dutch trees growing so well on virtually nothing. 42 ; ‘THE HEATHER SOCIETY Report on Wisley Heather Trials 1970 The following extracts from Wisley Trial Reports are reproduced by kind permission of the Council of the Royal Horticultural Society. The trials were inspected in June and August, and the awards given were: First Class Certi- ficate, F.C.C.; Award of Merit, A.M.; Highly Commended, lniK@ CALLUNA VULGARIS As a summer foliage plant CAROLE CHAPMAN. A.M. (Raised and introduced by Mr J. W. Sparkes, Beoley, Worcs.) Plant 12-14 in. high, 15 in. spread, compact, vigorous, foliage yellow at top of shoots, green at base. Flowers single white. GOLDEN CARPET. H.C. (Raised and sent by Mr John F. Letts, Windlesham, Surrey.) Plant 4-5 in. high, 24 in. spread, very prostrate, vigorous. Foliage cream, tipped golden yellow, flecked with orange and red in winter. RANNOCH. A.M. (Raised and sent by Mr Archibald Allan, Strathblane, Scotland.) Plant 10-12 in. high, spread 14-17 in., erect, vigorous, foliage bright green, flushed red at tips. Flowers purple. As a summer flowering and foliage plant SiR JOHN CHARRINGTON. A.M. (Raised and sent by Mr J. W. Sparkes, Beoley, Worcs.) Plant 10-15 in. high, spread 22-24 in., very vigorous. Foliage golden-yellow, tinged scarlet and green on upper surfaces. Flowers single, deep purple. BLAZEAWAY. H.C. (Raised and introduced by Mr J. W. Sparkes.) Plant 12-15 in, high, spread 22-24 in., vigorous. Foliage cream, changing to golden-yellow. Flowers mauve. We already know this lovely foliage plant which turns red in. the winter. YEAR BOOK 1971 43 As a summer flowering plant CRAMOND. A.M. (Raised and introduced by Dr and Mrs Simson Hall, Barnton, Edinburgh.) Plant 14-15 in. high, with a spread of 24-3 ft, very vigorous. Foliage very dark green. Flowers a purple shade, fading almost to white on some sprays. RADNoR. H.C. (Raised by Miss Appleby; sent by Mr John F. Letts.) Plant 10 in. high, spread 18 in., very compact, vigorous. Foliage bright dark green. Flowers double, pink, on stems 7-11 in. long. SPRING CREAM. H.C. (Raised and sent by Mr J. W. Sparkes.) Plant 16-20 in. high, 20-24 in. spread, very vigorous. Foliage dark green. Flowers single, white. ERICA VAGANS Mrs D. F. MAXWELL. F.C.C. (Raised by Maxwell and Beale, Broadstone, Dorset; sent to the Trials by a number of growers.) This old favourite has now received the highest award. ERICA CINEREA CaIRN VALLEY. A.M. (Raised by J. Wilson; introduced and sent by Messrs Oliver and Hunter, Moniaive, Dumfries- Shire, Scotland.) Plant 8 in. high with a spread of 16-18 Ins compact, vigorous; foliage dark green. Flowers single, red- purple. FIDDLER’S GOLD. A.M. (Sent by the Liverpool University Botanic Garden, Ness, Wirral, Cheshire.) Plant 9-10 in. high, spread 10-13 in. Foliage light green, younger shoots green flushed yellow and red. Flowers reddish-purple, fading to paler colour. PINK Foam. A.M. (Raised and sent by Mr John F. Letts, Windlesham.) Plant 12 in. high, 17 in, spread, compact, Vigorous. Foliage dark green. Flowers single, violet. PLUMMER’S SEEDLING. A.M. (Raised by J. E. B. Plummer; sent by Liverpool University Botanic Garden.) Plant 10-12 in. high, spread 14-16 in., slightly spreading, vigorous. Flowers single reddish-purple. 44 ? THE HEATHER SOCIETY | ERICA X DARLEYENSIS As a summer foliage plant JACK H. BRUMMAGE. A.M. (Raised and introduced by Mr J. H. Brummage, Taverham, Norwich, Norfolk.) Plant 6 in. high, spread 11-13 in., compact forming neat tussocks, vigorous; foliage light green, young shoots golden-yellow, green at tips, with bright red stems. Flowers red-purple,. single. CULTIVARS OF DABOECIA PRAEGERAE. A.M. (Sent by Mr W. Moss, Afonwen, near Mold, Flintshire, and Messrs L. R. Russell Ltd, Windle- sham, Surrey.) Plant 12 in. high, 24 in. spread, compact, spreading, vigorous. Foliage bright green. Flowers R.H.S. Colour Chart, Red-Purple Group 66C flushed and with touches of Red-Purple Group 67B. Buds Red-Purple Group 60A. Flowering from May 28th, 1970. [The full official colour description is given for this plant as, in my ignorance, I should have said that plants I have grown had coral flowers. —Ed.] PURPUREA. A.M. (Sent by Messrs G. Underwood and Sons, Hookstone Green Nurseries, Woking, Surrey.) Plant 12-15 in. high with spread of 22-23 in., vigorous. Foliage bright dark green. Flowers 4-in. long, red- purple; beds deep purple. Flowering from June Ist, 1970. gi tae) The heaths we grow today are as fresh as the breezy delights of their own mist-swept moorlands as if they had never known the softening influences of a cultural life. They ‘are the virgin gold of nature’s own mint, and so devoutly do they cling to their ancestral conservation that the diversions of a cocktail age have no attractions for them. In the garden their racial traditions have never shown a lapse. : A. T. Johnson, ‘Hardy Heaths’. YEAR BOOK 1971 45 The dyes used in Europe from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century had consisted principally of blue indigo, a vegetable dye; red kermes, an insect dye, and red madder, a vegetable dye; weld yellow from wild mignonette, and a variety of other vegetable yellows from poplar, willow, birch and heather. From ‘The Work of William Morris’ by Paul Thompson. —— Very many people do not know how happy these heathers are as garden plants, and how well they mark the seasons for the most part at a time when people go into the country;.. we cultivate nothing prettier. Wm. Robinson in ‘The English Flower Garden’. ss Through the sunny garden The humming bees are still, The fir climbs the heather, The heather climbs the hill. Mary E. Coleridge. —— I feel such a deep debt of gratitude to these (heather) plants for having served me so unfailingly for over half a century that anything that can be done to promote their welfare will be no more than common justice. A. T. Johnson, ‘Hardy Heaths’, 1956. SS Where the peewit wheels and dips On heights of bracken and ling, And Earth, unto her leaflet tips Tingles with the Spring. Sir Wm. Watson, ‘Ode to May’. 46 | THE HEATHER SOCIETY Recent Papers on Heathers— 1970 D. McClintock ae pase Hardy Heather Authority.’ Gardeners’ Chronicle, May 22nd, Vol. 167 1), p. 25. ANON. ‘Heather Garden.’ Northern Gardener, November, Vol. XXX (6), pp. 201-6. BAKER, H. A. ‘Taxonomic Notes on Erica.’ Jnl. South African Botany, Vol. 36 (4), pp. 267-270. BRICKELL, C. D. Further notes on cultivated heaths: Erica vagans ‘Cream’. Jnl. Royal Hort. Soc., XCV (3), pp. 123-4; E. x Williamsii ‘P. D. Williams’. Jnl. Royal Hort. Soc., XCV (3), p. 125. CAMPBELL SCARLETT, H. ‘Honey, untapped riches in the heather.’ The Field, March 19th, p. 486. Dawson, O. ‘Winter Heaths.’ Amateur Gardening, November 7th, pp. 24-5. DERRICK, T. ‘Heathers for year-round effect.’ Popular Gardening, August 29th, pp. DECERNAY, L. ‘Les Bruyéres.’ Mon Jardin, October, No. 149, pp. 52-7. G. W. ‘Eriken Ventil.’ Gartenflora, Vol. 70 (8), April 18th, p. 198. GARTENWELT. The issue for August 1st was specially devoted to Azaleas, Heathers and Camellias. : HADFIELD, M. ‘Making a Heath Garden.’ Amateur Gardening, July 20th, pp. 21-22 and 40 Haan, E. ‘Heiden aus England.’ Gartenwelt, 70 (3), July 4th, p: 311. Harper, P. ‘Heaths and Heathers.’ American Nurseryman, September 15th, pp. 40-50 (as amended in October 5th issue). Harris, C. C. ‘Heaths and Roses.’ Amateur Gardening, July 11th, 1970, p. 19. HOopbGE, R. ‘Heather in its Place.’ The Field, October 3rd, p. 681. HouGu, H. ‘Erica ‘‘mediterranea’ ‘Superba’.’ Jnl. Royal Hort. Soc., May, Vol. XCV (5), p. 230. Jones, H. E. and ETHERINGTON, J. R. “The survival of Erica cinerea and E. tetralix... in water-logged soil.’ Jni. Ecology, Vol. 58 (2), pp. 487-96. MCcCLINTOCK, D. ‘Die Heather Society’, Gartenwelt, 70 (23), p. 548. McCLintock, D. ‘Erica ‘“‘mediterranea’ ‘Superba’.’? Jnl. Royal Hort. Soc., May, XCV (5), p. 231. ‘A nomenclatural misery.’ Op. cit., pp. 231-2. Be es D. ‘White-flowered Daboecia cantabrica.’ Irish Nat. Jnl., Vol. 16 (12) pp. 391-2. Mec D. and Ross, F. ‘Cornish Heath in Ireland.’ Jrish Nat. Jnl., Vol. 16 (12), pp. 387-90. McMILLAN Brown, P. D. A. and HutTcuinson, P. A. ‘A system of pot- growing heathers.’ Gardeners’ Chronicle, July 17th, Vol. 168 (3), pp. 11-13. MITCHELL, G. F. and Watts, W. A. ‘A history of the Ericaceae in Ireland during the Quaternary Epoch’, in The Vegetational History of the British Isles (C.U.P.), pp. lo-zl. OLIVER, E. G. H. ‘Ericas.’ Veld, No. 1, September, pp. 1-6. PEARCE, jeter at Harlow Car.’ Northern Gardener, September, Vol. XXX (5), pp. 169-70. RicHArpDS, D. A. ‘Daboecia cantabrica.’ Jnl. Royal Hort. Soc., Vol. XCV (3), pp. 125-7. SHEIKH, K. H. and Rutter, A. J. ‘The response of Molinia caerulea and Erica tetralix to soil aeration and related factors.’ I. Jnl. Ecology, 1969, Vol. 57, pp. 713-26. SHEIKH, K. H. Op. cit., U1. Jnl. Ecology, 1969, pp. 727-36, Vol. 5. SHEIKH, K. H. Op. cit., U1. Jnl. Ecology, 1970, Vol. 58, pp. 141-54. VAN DE LAAR, H. J. ‘Calluna en Erica.’ Dendroflora, Vol. 7, pp. 6-32. Wess, D. A. ‘White-flowered Daboecia cantabrica.’ Irish Nat. Jnl., Vol. 16 (i0), p. 319. WILSON, R. ‘Heaths for all seasons.’ Popular Gardening, February 7th, p. 23. YATES, G. ‘Dwarf and Prostrate Heaths and Heathers.’ Quarterly Bulletin, Alpine Garden Society, 38 (4), pp. 379-382. A useful annotated list. SS YEAR BOOK 1971 47 LIST OF MEMBERS December, 1970 *Indicates members willing to show their gardens by appointment. ftIndicates Nurserymen. Group 1. Scotland. Barr, Miss K. H., 3 Balgair Road, Balfron by Glasgow. BELL, J. R., 37 Newtyle Road, Paisley, Renfrewshire. BLACK, Mrs M., Leuchars House, by Elgin, Moray. TBRIEN, R. J., Pitcairngreen Heather Farm, Perth, Brown, R. A., Hillcrest, Dunbar Street, Lossiemouth, Morayshire. BURNET, FRANK R., Enterkin, Kilmacolm, Renfrewshire. CAMERON, Miss E. K., Caldermill Hill, nr. Strathaven, Lanarkshire. CARMICHAEL, SIR JOHN, Magicwell, Balmullo, Leuchars, Fife. CASSELS, K. A. H., Scougal, Sandbank, Dunoon, Argyll. +CHRISTIE, T. and W., The Nurseries, Forres, Morayshire. CoLLins, Mrs M., Inverchapel, Dunoon, Argyll. CONNELLY, P., 1 Melrose Avenue, Balgowie, Paisiey, Renfrewshire. CRABBIE, D., Black Barony Home Farm, Eddlestone, Peebleshire. *DOBSON, WM. S., 20 Barnshot Road, Colinton, Edinburgh 13. Dosson, W.S. (JUN.), The Hill, Broomieknowe, Lasswade, Midlothian. TDRAKE, JACK, Inshriach Nursery, Aviemore, Inverness-shire. EVERETT, R. J., 2 Old Kirk Road, Garvock Hill, Dunfermline, Fife. Foster, Mrs E., Bruar Cottage, Mayfield Road, Inverness. *FouLis, D. A., Cuill, Easter Belmont Road, Edinburgh 12. Giss, K. F., Seaways, St Colme Road, Dalgety Bay, Fife. Gray, J. M., Kindeloch, New Abbey, Dumfries. HALKETT, A. C., Kevock Lea, Kevock Road, Lasswade, Midlothian. HALL, Mrs M., Leyden Old House, Kirknewton, Midlothian. HEPBURN, G., 34 Laws Drive, Kincorth, Aberdeen, Scotland. Hunter, Mrs E. N., Shieldaig Cottage, Gairloch, Ross-shire. HuaGues, Mrs I. M., 23 Lochend Drive, Bearsden, Glasgow. ImrRIE, IAN, 40 Stamperland Hill, Clarkston, Renfrewshire. JAMIESON, A., 61 Bourtree Road, Hamiiton, Lanarkshire. TLYLE, RONALD, Delaney and Lyle, Grange Nursery, Alloa, Clackmannanshire. McCCRINDLE, K. D., 1 Drummond Rise, Dunblane, Perthshire. MCFaRLANE, A. D., 14 Livingstone Park, Kilsyth, by Glasgow. MACRosertT, Mrs H., Durisdeer, Kilmacolm, Renfrewshire. Marks, B. McK., 17 Banchory Avenue, Inchinnan, Renfrewshire. Merry, Mrs E. Phoineas, Beauly, Inverness-shire. *MONTGOMERY, Bric. E. J., Kinlochruel, Colintraive, Argyll. Mounsey, E. R., Rough Knowe, Barrhill Road, Dalbeattie. NEIL, J. G., 12 North Dumgoyne Avenue, Milngavie, Glasgow. PARKER, R. C., Woodcliffe, Newtonmore, Inverness-shire. PATTENDEN, H., Kirkbank, Glenlochar, Castle Douglas, Kirkcudbrightshire. PATRICK, MR and Mrs L. B., Dounie, Tayvallich, by Lochgilphead, Argyll. PEARCE, Mrs A., 33 Blackwood Road, Milngavie, Glasgow. tPoNnTON, J. R., The Gardens, Kirknewton, Midlothian. REGIUS KEEPER, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 3. Scott, T. M., Clonburn, Resaurie, Inverness. SHAND, W. A., St Edmunds, Milngavie, Dunbartonshire. SHEPHERD, Miss M., The Dales, Braidwood, by Carluke, Lanarkshire. Swinton, D. M., 54 Dunedin Drive, Hairmyres, East Kilbride, Glasgow. THOMSON, I., 21 Pantonville Road, West Kilbride, Ayrshire. UrqQunHart, C. H., 35 Bain Crescent, Helensburgh, Dunbartonshire. Wuitson, Mrs E. M., Wood End, Falls of Leny, Callander, Perthshire. ftWiLson, J. D., Oliver and Hunter, Moniaive, Thornhill, Dumfriesshire. Group 2. Ireland. ANDERSON, J. D., 51 Wallasey Park, Belfast, BT14 6PN. Bassetr, G., Glen Anne, Co. Armagh, N.I. 48 : THE HEATHER SOCIETY +Daisy HiILL Nurserigs, Newry, Co. Down, N.I. EL.LioTT, Miss C. J., Ballinran, Killowen, Rostrevor, Co. Down, N.I. GAHAN, LT.-COL. H. M., Nestor Lodge, Kilmullin, Newtownmountkennedy, Co. Wicklow, Republic of Ireland. GARRATT, MAJOR R., Rialto, Holywood, Co. Down, N.I. +GRAHAM, N. C., Straid Nurseries, Gracehill, Ballymena, Co. Antrim, N.I. ss GRAINGER, Mrs, Delgany, Croft Road, Holywood, Co. Down, N.I. ae NIGELLA, Illananagh House, Ballinderry, Co. Tipperary, Republic of reland. TKANE Bros., Drumee, Castlewellan, Co. Down, N.1I. LAMBERT, COL. W. P., Clareville, Oughterard, Co. Galway Republic of Ireland. LATCHFORD, F. H., Luggala, Tralee, Co. Kerry, Republic of Ireland. Lynn, J. H., Largy Road, Carnlough, Co. Antrim, N.I. MCLAUGHLIN, D., 17 Townview Avenue South, Omagh, Co. Tyrone. McCarter, W. S., Heatherdene, Culmore, Londonderry, N.I. +NANGLE, D. L., Nangles Nurseries, Carrigrohane, Co. Cork, Republic of Ireland. OFFICER-IN- CHARGE, Agricultural Institute, Peatland Research Station, Glenamoy, Ballina, Co. Mayo, Eire. Pink, J. A., 10 Decourcy Avenue, Carrickfergus, Co. Antrim, N.I. PREECE, Mr and Mrs, Kells House, Kells, Co Kerry, Republic of Ireland. REEVES, Mrs E. A., Greenways, Lucan, Co. Dublin, Republic of Ireland. +SLINGER, LESLIE S., The Slieve Donard Nursery Co, Newcastle, Co. Down, N.I. SMYTH, Mr and Mrs N. J., Norcliffe, 28 Demesne Road, Holywood, Co. Down, N.I. THOMPSON, Miss B., 18 Fairway Avenue, Upper Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5NL. WALKER, Miss N. Lisnoe, Orwell Park, Dublin 6, Republic of Ireland. Group 3. Northern England. ABBOTT, MR and Mrs, 21 Mosely Wood Lane, Cookridge, pas 16. ADAMS, "Dr J. M.., The Birches, 5 Wimbrick Crescent, Ormskirk, Lancs. ANTHES, Mrs P. (ol Bryn Afon, Shatton Lane, Bamford, Sheffield. *ARDRON, Mr and Mrs J. P., Fulwood Heights, Harrison Lane, Sheffield S10 4PA. ASTLEY, P., 33 Roylen Avenue, Carleton, Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancs. BARRACLOUGH, Mr and Mrs, 19 Park Avenue, Chapeltown, Sheffield, S30 4WH. BaTEs, W. E., White Wings, Lingmell, Seascale, Cumberland. }BENSON, CLIVE, The Nurseries, 281 Croston Road, Farington, Preston, Lancs. BICKERSTAFF, C. E., Dyffryn, 2c Norfolk Hiii, Grenoside, Sheffield. BLAKE, Mrs J., Dencroft, Oxton Rakes, Barlow, nr Sheffield. Boyp, Mrs D. E., Mooredge, Warren Lane, Eldwick, Bingley, Yorks. BREEZE, R. O., Summerfields, Beach Road, Port St Mary, Isle of Man. BROOMHEAD, R.H., The Hollies, Ashover, Chesterfield, Derbyshire. BROOMHEAD, T. S., 35 Somersall Park Road, Chesterfield, Derbys. Brown, Mrs D., 7a Spalding Road, Holsbeach, nr Spalding, Lincs. +BucKELs, Mr A. G., The Nursery, Copple House Lane, Liverpool, OAG10. BurLey, Mrs A., 14 Camborne Drive, Fixby, Huddersfield, Yorks. BURTON, F., 17 Hastings Road, Winton, Eccles, Manchester. Burton, R. P., 30 Upper End Road, Peak Dale, Buxton, Derbys. CAMPBELL, Mrs F., Rothley Lake House, Morpeth, Northumberland. *CHAPPLE, F. J., Mafeking, Bradda West Road, Port Erin, Isle of Man. CoLuLick, K., 80 Dore Avenue, North Hykeham, Lincoln. Coore, Dr M., 66 Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire. Cooper, J. G., Corrie, Dinting Road, Glossop, Derbyshire. Cooper, Mrs V. C. V., Hillside, Buxton Road, Disley, nr Stockport, Cheshire. CRESWELL, Miss K. BAKER-, Preston Tower, Chathill, Northumberland. CROSLAND, C., Oldfield Nook, 11 Gregory Avenue, Romiley, Stockport, Cheshire. DARBYSHIRE, J. K., Heather Rise, Surby, Port Erin, Isle of Man. Davey, N. S., 3 Green Walk, Timperley, Cheshire. Davies, M. B., 4 Howard Close, Glossop, Derbyshire. Dawson, J. O. H., Beauclerc, Riding Mill, Northumberland. Dawson, P., 43 Shadsworth Road, Blackburn, Lancs. Dawsow, S., 2 Milnthorpe Crescent, Sandal, Wakefield, Yorks. ELAM, J., 30 Cranbrook Avenue, Bradford 6, Yorks. ELLARD, Mrs M., Rose Garth, Threapwood, Malpas, Cheshire. ELLIs, G. E., Ivy Cottage, Pediey Lane, Congleton, Cheshire. EMBERSON, it, M., 40 Wilton Drive, West Monkseaton, Whitley Bay, Northumberland. FAIRS, Mrs J. D., 33 Clough Drive, Fenay Bridge, Huddersfield, HD8 OJJ. FLEET, C. B., 90 Sleaford Road, Boston, Lincs. YEAR BOOK 1971 49 FLETCHER, D. B., 4 Scarsdale Avenue, Littleover, Derbyshire. FLETCHER, W. A., 5 Lagonda Close, Bracebridge Heath, Lincoln. GOouLpb, C. W. L., 43 Silverdale Road, Gatley, Cheadle, Cheshire. GREEN, MR and Mrs R., 94 Moseley Wood Gardens, Cookridge, Leeds LS16 7H4. GRIFFIN, D. P., 3 Marlborough Court, Churchill Park, Washingborough, Lincoln. Groves, W. J. B., 83 Church Road, Lower Bebington, Wirral, Cheshire. +HAMER, G. M., Sunnymount Nursery, Glossop Road, Chisworth, via Broadbottom, Hyde, Cheshire. HARGREAVES, BRIG. K., Castle Garth, Wetherb y, Yorks. HENRY, G., Deben, Brooklands Drive, Goostrey, Crewe, Chesh. HENRY, S., 50 Harrowden Road, Doncaster, Yorks. HILL, Mr and Mrs M. A., 20 Green Walk, Timperley, Cheshire. HILTON, SIR DEREK, Eaves, Chapel-en-le-Frith, Derbyshire Hosss, K. W., Glenthorne, Lode Pit Lane, Eldwick, Bingley, Yorks. +HOLLETT C. G., Greenbank Nursery, New Street, Sedbergh, Yorks. HorsFALuL, M., One Acre, 361 Halifax Road, Liversedge, Yorks. HOWELL, Mrs M., 7 Alphin Park Lane, Greenfield, nr Oldham, Lancs. Hume, J. K., Director, University of Liverpool Botanic Gardens, Ness, Neston, Wirral, Cheshire. HUTCHINSON, S., 60 Ash Crescent, Eckington, Sheffield, S31 9AE. JACK, GORDON, Rossmoyne, 33 Manor Road, Bramhall, Cheshire. JAKEWAYS, DR R. J.,°7 Wordsworth Avenue, Penistone, nr Sheffield. JOHNSON, WING-CpR J. S., 4 Ladythorn Avenue, Marple, Cheshire, SK6 7DR. KELLY, HENRY, Ballaqueeney Lodge, Ballaquale Road, Douglas, Isle of Man. Kerr, J. W., 31 Wentworth Drive, Sale, Cheshire. KersHAw, Mr and Mrs A., Orleans House, 323 Fleetwood Road, Fleetwood, Lancs. LAMBERT, Mrs G., 21 Butterfield Road, Over Hulton, Bolton, BL5 1DU. LASCELLES, R..G., Birchwood, 358 Park Lane, Macclesfield, Cheshire. LesLig, W., 403 Durdar Road, Carlisle, Cumberland. *LEveR, G., 239 Tottington Road, Harwood, Bolton, Lancs. LijTLEwoop, Mrs M. K., Manor House Farm, Scotton, Gainsborough, Lincs. Lorp, J. D., Raikes Close, Skipton, Yorks. LuKE, Mr and Mrs, Merbrae, 35 Ridge Green, Scalby, Scarborough, Yorks. Pe NTARE, Mr and Mrs, The Cottage, Fontainebleau, Cranage, Holmes Chapel, nr Crewe. MAcKLEY, Mrs L. M., 21 Linden Way, Boston, Lincs. MARTIN, Mr and Mrs W., 8 Sandringham Drive, Poynton, Stockport, Cheshire. METCALF, Dr J. A.S., 21 Church Lane, Acklam, Middlesbrough, Yorks. METCALFE, dig) Bia Bracken Cottage, Hillside, Rothbury, Morpeth, Northumberland. Mort, G. A., 16 The Croft, Badsworth, Pontefract, Yorks. NADEN, Mrs A. M., Tryweryn, 9 Windermere Drive, Alderley Edge, Cheshire. NEwsHAM, Miss V. M., 43 Carfield Avenue, Meersbrook, Sheffield 8. NICHOLS, R., 28 Parklands, Hamsterley Mill Estate, Rowlands Gill, Co. Durham. NICHOLSON, Miss M., The Mount School, York, YO2 4DD. Nixon, L. F., Danby Lodge Farm, Danby, Whitby, Yorks. Noar, B. B., 5 Lady’s Close, Parklands Way, Poynton, Stockport, Cheshire. OLDHAM, Miss J. C., 6 Brookfold Lane, Hyde, Cheshire. OweEN, DR I., 30 Menlove Avenue, Liverpool L18 2EF. OweEN, W. L., Moorfield, Pipers Lane, Lower Heswall, Wirral, Cheshire. oe Ae Editor, Garden News, Park House, 117 Park Road, Peterborough, PEARCE, Mrs J. Vibert, 17 Park Drive, Harrogate, Yorks. : PERKIN, J. M., Roseacres, Barrow Lane, Hale, Cheshire. ue Ma and Mrs J., Fern Bank, 176 Southport Road, Ulnes Walton, Leyland, LN. *PREW, Mr and Mrs H. C., 229 Chester Road, Hartford, Northwich, Cheshire. POLLARD, J. D., 12 Sutton Avenue, Chellaston, Derby, DE7 1RJ. PRINSLEY, DR D. M., 113 Guisborough Road, Nunthorpe, Middlesbrough, Tees-side. {THE CLIFFORD PROCTOR NURSERIES LTD, Brookside, Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Pryce-Parry, Mrs R.I., Long Ridge, Delamere, Northwich, Cheshire. PARTINGTON, Mr and Mrs BILL, 3 South Drive, Gatley, Cheshire. PRYDE, Mrs M., 3 Oldfield Close, Heswall, Wirral, Cheshire. Raw, R., 7 Woodside Lane, Huddersfield, HD2 2HA. * RICHARDS, D. A., Rydal Mount, Eskdale, *Holmrook, Cumberland. RITCHIE, ik R., 138 West End Avenue, Harrogate, Yorks. RODGER, Ww. S., 71 Lownorth Road, Woodhouse Park, Manchester, M24 6JU. +ROSE BRAE NURSERY, 116/118 Pensby Road, Heswall, Wirral, Cheshire. ROwLInson, M., 88 Cherry Lane, Lymm, Cheshire. 50 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Russ, V. J. A., 44 Rutland Close, Harrogate, Yorks. SCOTT-RUSSELL, PROF. C., 6 Cavendish Road, Sheffield 11. SENDER, M. B., 12 Hodgson Crescent, Leeds 17. SENIOR, J. A., Wyncroft, 10 New Road, Nafferton, Driffield, Yorks. SHERWIN, Miss D. E., 6 Clifton Lane, Handsworth, Sheffield 9. - SMALL, DR W. A. W., 51 High Street, Normanby, Middlesbrough, Tees-side. SMITH, Mrs A., 11 Range Drive, Woodley, nr Stockport, Cheshire. SMITH, G. D., Superintendent, Harlow Car Gardens, Harrogate, Yorks. +GERVASE SmitH & Sons Ltp, Nurseryman, Hackney Road, Matlock, Derbyshire. © SMITH, Miss M. E., 16 Hillside, Findern, Derby, DE6 6AZ SMITH, Mrs P., Nellacre, Birstwith, Harrogate, Yorks. SNELL, Mr and Mrs Ss: oh Knoll House, Upper Langwith, Collingham, Yorks. STAFFORD, F. W., 43 Henley Road, Mossley Hill, Liverpool 18. STuBBsS, F. B., 62 High West Road, Crook, Co. Durham. TAMMEN, MR and Mrs, Aiskew Villa, Aiskew, Bedale, Yorks. THompSON, M. A., 62 Housley Park, Chapeltown, Sheffield, S30 4UE. *TOOTHILL, A. P., Springfield, 431 Whirlowdale Road, Sheffield 11. Tuck, Mrs D. M., Boarshurst, Greenfield, nr Oldham, Lancs. +Tupor, Mrs J., Moss Cottage Nurseries, Moss Lane, Styal, Wilmslow, Cheshire. TuRNER, Miss D. A., Assynt, Gardenfield, Skellingthorpe, Lincoln Tyson, J. R., High Cross, Hawkshead, nr Ambleside, Westmorland. VALE, Mr and Mrs T. C., 15 Bankfield Drive, Spondon, Derby. *VICKERS, MR and Mrs G., 55 Westbourne Road, Sheffield, S10 2QT. WALKER, J. G., 47 Carr Street, Marsh, Huddersfield, HD3 4AU. WALTON, D. K., 26 Beechwood Drive, Feniscowles, Blackburn, BB2 SAT. PAR: Me and Mrs D., Wards Nurseries, Eckington Road, Coal Aston, Sheffield, WILLIs, A. W., Manor Cottage, 1 Front Street, Whickham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Co. Durham. WILson, Mrs C., 10 Oakwood Close, Aitofts, Normanton, Yorks. WINFIELD, L. G., 50 Carsick Hill Crescent, Sheffield 10. WRIGHT, REv. JAMES, 126 Cambridge Road, Southpor}, Lancs. WRIGHT, J. D., 7 Withy Grove Close, Bamber Bridge, Preston, PR5 6NT. *WRIGHT, K. E., 37 Batsworth Drive, Sheffield, SS 8XW. Group 4. Wales. * ARMSDEN, Dr A., Glancerrig, Llanfaglan, Caernarvon, N. Wales. Birp, D. S., Crud-yr-Awel, Trelyon, Aberdare, Glam. *CHATTAWAY, J. F., Drws-y-Coed, Llanbedrog, Pwilheli, Caerns. CHESTER, H. H., Firdene, Three Crosses, Swansea, SA4 3NU. {COLOURFUL GARDENS LTD, Liwyn Hudol, Criccieth, N. Wales. Evans, T., 382 Clydach Road, Ynsforgan, Morriston, Swansea. FARMER, G. G., Bryn Du, Mynytho, Pwliheli, Caerns. GarRRATT, D. M., Sarnia, Druid Road, Menai Bridge, Anglesey. GRIFFITHS, MAJor R. L., Little Heath, Trearddur Bay, Anglesey. HaiGcH, Mrs M., Coed Berw, Pentre Berw, Gaerwen, Anglesey. HOSKING, C. F., 2 Fleming Crescent, Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire. HuGues, T., Trelma, Llanfwog, Ruthin, Denbighshire. IsAAC, T. J.. Melrose, Prescelly Park, Fishguard Road, Haverfordwest, Pembs. KNIGHT, L. A., Eynhallow, Park Corner, Haverfordwest, Pembs. LLoyp, R. J. H., Ffynnon Deilo, Pendoylan, nr Cowbridge, Glam., CF7 7UJ. +Moss, W., Nurseryman, Maes yr Esgob House, Afonwen, Mold, Flintshire. OwEN, MR and Mrrs E., Llwyn Hudol, Criccieth. Parris, Mrs A. A., Spring Cottage, Penycaemawr, Usk, Mon., NP5 iLU. PATTINSON, Mrs A. T., Star Inn, Pontfadog, Llangollen. PUDDLE, CHARLES, Bodnant Gardens, Tal-y-cafn, Colwyn Bay, N. Wales. {REES, J., Riverside Nurseries, Glan Conway, nr Colwyn Bay, N. Wales. — WEALE, R. D., Brynderwen, Bronllys, Brecon. WILLIAMS, Mr and Mrs GRIFFITH, Bryn Ejithin, Porthyfelin Road, Holyhead, Anglesey. WILSON, G. H. , Rallt, Ceunant, Caerns. Group 5. Midlands. ADAM, R. R., Barnards Green House, Malvern, Worcs. +ANNABEL, A., Springwood, Church Drive, Ravenshead, Nottingham, NG15 9FG. BAILEY, MR and Mrs H., Brackenlea, 396 Sandon Road, Meir Heath, Stoke-on-Trent. YEAR BOOK 1971 51 BalLey, J. H., Alpina, 4 The Crescent, Sweetpool Lane, West Hagley, Worcs. BALL, G. V., Heatherways, 14 Manor Road, Streetly, Sutton Coldfield, Warks. BALL, W. R.,97 Lambley Lane, Burton Joyce, Nottingham. - BARDEL, Mrs M., Parlours Bank, 39 Hergest Road, Kington, Herefordshire. BarRRAss, J. B., 31 Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, Warks. BEER, J., 87 Sansome Road, Solihull, Warks. BELTON, C. G., 34 Bourne Avenue, Halesowen, Worcs. BESwIck, G. I., The Cottage, Hilderstone Road, Meir Heath, Stoke-on-Trent. BEVIN, Mrs E., Colehurst Farm, Stretton-u-Fosse, Rugby, Warks. BoDENHAM, H. R., 101 Mount Pleasant, Kingswinford, Brierley Hill, Staffs. CASTELLAN, Mrs C., The Spinney, Bower Lane, Etching Hill, Rugeley, Staffs. CHALLENOR, T. A., New Leys, High Ash Farm, Meriden, nr Coventry, Warks. CLARK, P. W., The Haven, 36 Bridgnorth Road, Stourton, nr Stourbridge, Worcs. Cooper, B. H., 7 Corinne Close, Rednall, Birmingham. Cooper, K. V., Abbeywood House, Newstead Abbey Park, Linby, Nottingham. COUGHLIN, Mrs R., 17 Alvechurch Highway, Lydiate Ash, Bromsgrove, Worcs. tCox, D. C., 125 Central Avenue, Syston, Leicester (Goscote Nurseries, Ragdale, Melton Mowbray). CRAWFORD, Miss E., 496 Groveley Lane, Rednal, Birmingham. DAESDONK, Mrs J. VAN, 13 Station Road, Barton-under-Needwood, Burton-on- Trent, Staffs. DAVIES, y Gwyn, Midland Wallboards Ltd, 120 Beakes Road, Smethwick, Warley, Warks. EpWarps, Mrs M., Ashlands, Stoneleigh Road, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, Warks. ExLwin, R. C., Two Ways, 12 The Lawns, Whatton-in-the-Vale, Notts. FINDLAY, A. R., 32 Lichfield Road, Coleshill, Birmingham. FREARSON, W. D., 268 Holbrook Lane, Coventry, Warks. GIBBON, Mr and Mrs J. W., 59 Loxley Road, Glenfield, Leicester, LE3 8PH. HANSON, F. D., Crossways, 43 Wellington Road, Bromsgrove, Worcs. HEADLEY, W. H., 43 Craighill Road, Knighton, Leicester. HEATH, Mr and Mrs J., 219 St Bernards Road, Olton, Solihull, Warks. Horsey, N., 12 Perlethorpe Avenue, Mansfield, Notts. HurRLEY, Mr and Mrs, Old Grove Lodge, Llangrove, Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire, JAMES, T. B., 4 Hetherington Close, Kempsey, Worcs. JONES, H. R. W., 11 Scott Road, Walsall, S. Staffs. KENDALL, P. J., 45 Halesowen Road, Halesowen, Worcs. LAUGHER, Miss F. H., 4 Parkway, Stone, Staffs. *Law, R., Meadows, Draycote, nr Rugby, Warks. LEAD, W. L., 22 Imperial Avenue, Gedling, Notts. LipGATE, Miss M. B. S., The Nutshell, Richards Castle, Ludlow, Shropshire. Lunn, M. H., 46 Redland Grove, Carlton, Nottingham. TMCLELLAND, Mr and Mrs, 238 Chester Road, Streetly, nr Sutton Coldfield, Warks. Marin, G. W., 42 Clarence Road, Chilwell, Beeston, Notts., NG9 SHY. MARTIN, J. E., Elder Tree Lane, Ashley, nr Market Drayton, Shropshire. MILLIGAN, J. H., 50 Tennyson Avenue, Rugby, Warks. NORTHRIDGE, W. H., New Lodge, Anslow, nr Burton-on-Trent, Staffs. OAKMAN, C. W., 24 Yelverton Avenue, Evington, Leicester, LES 6XR. Perks, H. S., 15 Leonard Road, Wollaston, Stourbridge, Worcs. PRINGLE, W. H., 56 Littleheath Lane, Lickey End, Bromsgrove, Worcs. QUAYLE, S. K., Loen, Bewdley, Worcs. RADLEY, A. D., 20 Long Close, West Hagley, Stourbridge, Worcs. RicHarps, Mrs C., Dryhill, Ragdon, Church Stretton, Salop. Roserts, Mrs E. S., Glenhurst, 121 Hadley Park Road, Leegomery, Wellington, Shropshire. ROGERS, Dr K. B., 38 Woodbourne, Augustus Road, Birmingham, B15 3PH. ROUGHAN, J. M., 27 Smith Street, Warwick, Warks. RouND, Mrs D. M., Kenelm, How Caple, Hereford. SALTER, K. R., 9 Emerson Road, Harborne, Warks., B17 9LT. SEGGIE, T. P., 98 Cannon Park Road, Coventry. SELLARS, J. A., 16 Park Road, Dosthill, Tamworth, Staffs. SHACKLOCK, Mrs P., Applegarth, Paddock Close, Quorn, Leicester. Siti, Mrs I., 15 Grounds Road, Four Oaks, Sutton Coldfield, Warks. Simons, J. P., Swinford House, Rugby, Warks. SMITH, REV. and Mrs SypDNEyY, 9 Dark Lane, Hollywood, Birmingham, B47 5BS. TSPARKES, J. W., Beech Wood Nurseries, Gorcott Hill, Redditch, Worcs. STANLEY, P. J., 20 Corbridge Road, Sutton Coldfield, Warks. STREET, H., Selby, 14 Barker Road, Sutton Coldfield, Warks. TTABRAMHILL GARDENS LTD, Newstead Abbey Park, Linby, Nottingham. 52 | THE HEATHER SOCIETY TRUMAN, Mrs E., 22 Queens Road, Walsall, Staffs. TUNNICLIFFE, Bs F., 28 Leahurst Road, West Bridgford, Nottingham NG2 6JG. TURNER, MR and Mrs A. S., 167 Cole Valley Road, Birmingham 28. TURNER, E., 2 Newport Road, Hinstock, Market Drayton, Salop. WALKER, DR J. K., Green Rigg, Long Lane, Billesdon, Leicester. 5 WARNER, MR and Mrs R., Fairlands, Jack Haye Lane, Lightoaks, Stoke-on-Trent. WHALLEY, T. W., Highfields, Newstead Abbey Park, Linby, Nottingham. WILLIAMS, T. VAUGHAN, The Priory, Pillerton Priors, Warks. WorsLEY, E., High Field, Chapel Lane, Threapwood, Cheadle, Stoke-on-Trent. * YATES, MR and Mrs G., Crail House, Newstead Abbey Park, Linby, Notts. Group 6. Eastern and other North of Thames. AusTIN, A. J., St Coronati, Warren Lane, Stanway, Colchester, Essex. BAILEY, Mrs M., 32 Cassiobury Drive, Watford, Herts. BAKER, J. W., Frensham, Blue Mills Hill, Witham, Essex. BARHAM, C., 29 Beaufort Street, Southend-on-Sea, SS2 4NQ. Bircu, Mrs M. C., 11 Warren Heath Avenue, Ipswich, Suffolk. +BLoom, ADRIAN J. R., Foggy Bottom, Bressingham, Diss, Norfolk. Bowen, A. E., Old Heath House, Heath Lane, Apsley Heath, via Bletchley, Bucks. Bristow, A., The Grange, Thwaite, Eye, Suffolk. Brown, E. C., 52 Gatehill Road, Northwood, Middx. eS Mrs H. H. R., Gordonbush House, Egypt Lane, Farnham Common, ucks. T BRUM AGE Net H., Heathwoods Nursery, Fakenham Road, Taverham, Norwich, NOR : Buckmasrer, A., 3 Rothschild Road, Linslade, Leighton Buzzard, Beds. CHADWICK, Mrs L., The Studio, Leiston Common, Leiston, Suffolk. CHEASON, D. M., 4 Primrose Lane, Waterbeach, Cambs. CHITSON, Mr & Mrs R. C., 54 Epping Road, Toothill, Ongar, Essex. CuHuBB, Mrs G. M., 242 Blind Lane, Flackwell Heath, High Wycombe, Bucks. CLARE, M. A., Beech Croft, Walpole Cross Keys, nr Kings Lynn, Norfolk. CONSTABLE, J. L., Mallard, Ducks Hill Road, Northwood, Middx. Cowr, A. T., 6 Maiden Erlegh Drive, Earley, Reading, Berks. CRANE, Mrs H. H., Highmead, Cheney Street, Eastcote, Pinner, Middx. CRAWFORD, Mrs B., 19 Greenways, Abbots Langley, Herts. Daves, L. I., The Bungalow, Berrymoor Road, Banbury, Oxcn. DAVISON, J. G., Church Field, Fawley, Henley-on-Thames, Oxon. DICKINS, F. E. R., Copperfields, Silchester Road, Silchester, Reading, Berks. Diss, Mrs H. M., 500 Felixstowe Road, Ipswich, Suffolk. Dopcson, Mrs F. W., Kaikoura, 127 Heath Park Road, Gidea Park, Essex. Dorn, A. J., Roughwood, Red Copse Lane, Boars Hill, Oxford. +Draycotrt, J., Aldenham Heather Nursery, Round Bush, Aldenham, Watford, Herts. DrRING, S. J., Beacon Ridge, 24 Beacon Lane, Little Bealings, Woodbridge, Suffolk. DUNCAN, A. MckK.., Windy Ridge, 32 Parsons Heath, Colchester, Essex. FERGUSON, H. MCL., 4 Mackerel Hill, Royston, Herts: FINCH, Mr and Mrs J . E., The Barn, Wargrave Road, Twyford, Berks. FINDLAY, T. H., Director, The Gardens, The Great Park, Windsor, Berks. Fick, L. P., 109 Cranborne Waye, Hayes, Middx. Fox, Mr and Mrs R. J., Candella, Stoke Road, Poringland, Norwich, NOR 42W. FRYE, M. G., The Willows, Poors Lane, Daws Heath, Thundersley, Essex. GiLes, Mrs K. M., 5 Kitsbury Terrace, Berkhamsted, Herts. GiLmour, J., Director, The University Botanic Garden, Cambridge. GoppEN, B. A., 159 Putnoe Street, Putnoe, Bedford. Go.ier, A. E., 2 Palmers Road, Borehamwood, Herts. GOooDE, MRS D., 9 Marcus Gardens, Thorpe Bay, Southend-on-Sea, Essex. GREEN, Mrs B., "143 Auckland Road, Ilford, Essex. + HAGE, iC. M. VAN, van Hage’s Nurseries, Broxbourne, Herts. HALL, Mrs P., Harlay House, Westland Green, Little Hadham, Herts. Hawes, Miss M. M., 14 Rivermead, Yarmouth Road, Stalham, Norwich, Norfolk. HEDDEN, Mr & Mrs L., 115 Browning Road, Hilly Field, Enfield, Middx. HENLEY, Mrs M., Gustard Wood House, Wheathampstead, Herts. Hint, B. L., Bracken, Church Road, Aspley Heath, nr Bletchley, Herts. HOoLTAM, Mrs D., Clothall, Bury, nr Baldock, Herts. HOoweEs, Mrs Vien Green How, Folgate Lane, Old Costessey, Norwich, Norfolk. HUXTABLE, E. we Dunsteads, "Ingatestone, Essex. INWOOD, Mrs G. I., 88 Alicia Gardens, Kenton, Harrow, Middx. JOHNSON, Mrs J., 5 East Way, Holtspur, Beaconsfield, Bucks. YEAR BOOK 1971 53 Kirk, H., Sunnybank, Wroxham Road, Coltishall, Norfolk, NOR 65Y. LAWRENCE, C. R., Southernwood, Hargham Road, Attleborough, Norfolk. +E. B. LEGRICE (RosEs) LTD, Yarmouth Road, North Walsham, Norfolk. Lewis, Mr and Mrs P. N., 24 Theydon Park Road, Theydon Bois, Essex. Lewis, R. J., 88 Gallants Farm Road, East Barnet, Herts. Lock, A. J.,. Gomms Wood, Knotty Green, Beaconsfield, Bucks. LONDON, B. G., 6 Roedich Drive, Taverham, Norfolk, NOR 53X. LOoweEN, Mrs J. E., 40 Priory Road, Bicknacre, Chelmsford, Essex. MartTIN, T. S., Abbey View, Heath Road, Potters Bar, Herts. MCcLEAN, A. G., Calver Lodge, Frithwood Avenue, Northwood, Middx. MILNER, Mrs C. A., 8 Westmoreland Avenue, Hornchurch, Essex. MuaLsTeD, REv. I. S., The Manse, 1 Millwood Road, Hounslow, Middx. {MILTON HuTcHINGs Lp, Pield Heath Nurseries, Hillingdon, Uxbridge, Middx. MITCHELL, G., Heathlands, Doggetts Wood Close, Chalford St Giles, Bucks. MITCHELL, R., Murray Lodge, Burtons Lane, Chalfont St Giles, Bucks. MOoRGAN, SIR FRANK, Hyde Heath Farm, Amersham, Bucks. Newton, C., Manor Hotel, Blakeney, Holt, Norfolk. +Notcutrs Nurseries Ltp, Woodbridge, Suffolk. OELS, G., 28 The Grove, Isleworth, Middx. Parry, J. 1., 13 Thames Crescent, Maidenhead, Berks. PATERSON, A., Little Sparrows, Hadhamford, Little Hadham, Herts. PEARSON, Mrs H. E. S., Pepper Alley, High Beach, Loughton, Essex. PepRICK, G. F., 9 Cedar Drive, Hatch End, Middx Prosio, Dr. F., Metcalfe Farm, Hedgerley, nr Slough, Bucks. READ, Mr and Mrs N. E. G., 31 Kewferry Road, Northwood, Middx. REEVES, T. A., Dryden, Joiners Lane, Chalfont St Peter, Bucks. RoserRTsS, Miss B., Pond Cottage, Chapmore End, Ware, Herts. ROBINSON, Mrs H. F., Hyde Hall, Rettendon, Chelmsford, Essex. Rose, D. J. T., 7 Kibblewhite Crescent, Twyford, Berks. oe: Major F. H. W., The White House, St Oaves, Great Yarmouth, orfo PANDROCK, F. E., Meadowsweet, Halstead Road, Kirby le Soken, Frinton-on-Sea, SSEX. SHEPPARD, Mrs J. B., 24 South Approach, Moor Park, Northwood, Middx. SMALL, J. R., Little Acre, Hanney Road, Southmoor, Kingston Bagpuize, nr Abingdon, Berks. *SMITH, HARRY, 9 Merrilies Close, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex. SMITH, K. G., 2 Chestnut Path, Canewdon, Essex. STEVENS, J., 18 Priory Avenue, Harlow, Essex. Stow, A. J., Josarno, 15 Highlands, Flackwell Heath, Bucks. STRACHAN, Mrs M. E., Little Gables, Manor Lane, Gerrards Cross, Bucks. STRICKLAND, J., Wings, 5 Larchwood, Little Kingshill, Great Missenden, Bucks. TusTING, Miss J. M., Somerton, Prospect Road, Oulton Broad, Lowestoft, Suffolk. TYRRELL, A. N., 6 Providence Road, Yiewsley, Middx. VicraAss, B. W., 41 Newmans Way, Hadley Wood, Barnet, Herts. WALLACE, AiR VICE MARSHAL J. B., 3 Wakehams Hill, Pinner, Middx. WHITWORTH, F., The Orchard End, 72 High Street, Bathford, Berks. WILLIAMS, R. E., 15 Richmond Road, Romford, Essex, RM1 2DX. WISEMAN, H. R., The Spinney, Highfield Drive, Broxbourne, Herts. Group 7. London & the South East. ABEL, R. C., 250 Maidstone Road, Rainham, Kent. ADDIS, DNS P. J., Three Kings, Culverden Down, Tunbridge Wells, Kent. ANDERSON, D. BE, L., Little Court, Carron Lane, Midhurst, Sussex. ATKINS, Cc. H., Ridge View, 65a Saunders Lane, Mayford, ‘Woking, Surrey. Austin, W. G. L., Trewithiel, Russells Crescent Horley, Surrey. BEAMAN, Mrs C. Gu 43 Hail ‘Lane, London, N.W.4. BENN, THE Hon. Lapy, High Field, Pastens "Road, Limpsfield, Oxted, Surrey. BESSENT, P., Felbrigg, Glenesk Road, Eltham, S. E. 9. +BICKNELL, D. E., Pinks Hill Nurseries, Pinks Hill, Wood Street, Guildford. BILLINGTON, W. ae Hazelglen, Russells Crescent, Horley, Surrey. Bo.t, Mr and Mrs" H. W., Kyrenia Cottage, 36 Sheephouse, Farnham, Surrey. Bonney, Mr and Mrs S. J., 12 Old Oak Avenue, Chipstead, Coulsdon, CR33 PG. *BOWERMAN, Mr & Mrs A. H., Champs Hill, Coldwaltham, Pulborough, Sussex. BoxaALL, Mr and Mrs L., Gilridge, Sandy Lane, Kingswood, Surrey. BRICKELL, C. D., The Lilacs, Wisley, Ripley, Surrey. 54 THE HEATHER SOCIETY BRAY, B., 5 Cardinal Avenue, Morden, Surrey. BRISTOWE, Mrs E., Old Field, Sea Road, Little Common, Sussex. Brown, Mrs C. R., Penn Cottage, 1 Downs Road, Seaford, Sussex. BUCKLEY, Majsor R. M., Woodlands, Greenhill Road, Otford, Kent. eae Dr S. PN Orchard Cottage, Manor House Lane, Effingham, leathecneads urrey. CAMERON, R., Great Comp, Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent. CARPENTER, M. J., 91 Denver Road, Dartford, Kent. * CHARRINGTON, SIR JOHN and LaDy, High Quarry, Crockham Hill, Edenbridge, Kent. CHARRINGTON, Mrs N. D., Dye House, Thursley, Godalming, Surrey. CHURCHILL, P. J., 24 Huntingdon Gardens, Worcester Park, Surrey. CLAYTON, I., Dunedin, 70 Keymer Road, Hassocks, Sussex. CLAYTON, O. J., 8 Chittenden Cottages, Wisley, Ripley, Woking, Surrey. CLIFFORD, LT-CoL. J. A., Bindons, 8 The Avenue, Lewes, Sussex. Cooper, Mrs A. I., Lockhursthatch, Hurtwood Lane, Shere, Surrey. Copas, B. A., 13 Pinewood Close, Shirley, Croydon, Surrey. CrAmpB, Mrs I. M., 6 Denfield, Dorking, Surrey. DANIELLS, Miss R. W., Wacousta, The Bishops Avenue, London, N2. +tDavis, P. G., Timber Tops, Marley Common, Haslemere, Surrey. DEAVES, C. W., The Warren, Compton Way, Moor Park, Farnham, Surrey. DELVES, H. C., Enmore Cottage, Vicarage Road, East Sheen, S.W.14. DENSTON, Mrs R., 1 Heathfield Lodge, Carron Lane, Midhurst, Sussex. DICKENSON, C. G., 8 Windyridge Close, Wimbledon, S.W.19. {DOLLEY, F. H. SANDERSON, Dolleys Hill Nurseries, Normandy, Guildford, Surrey. DOWLING, R., 41 Northwood Avenue, Purley, Surrey. DucGulp, Mrs J., Flat 6, Holbrook Park, Horsham, Sussex. Duncan, T. A., 20 Girton House, Manor Fields, S.W.15. ; ELLs, Mr and Mrs H. C., Owl House, Poundgate, Uckfield, Sussex. Evans, W., 35 Vale Drive, Horsham, Sussex. FALCONER, B. J., Merristwood, 409 Woodham Lane, Woodham, Weybridge, Surrey. Faruai, G. A., 49 Roehampton Lane, London, S.W.15. FILMORE, Miss E. E., Coolmoyne, 5 Copsewood Way, Bearsted, Maidstone, Kent. FOREMAN, B., 11 Whyteleafe Road, Caterham, Surrey. FREEMAN, G. W., Lavender Walk, Moat Lane, Sedlescombe, Sussex. FRYER, Miss B. FIELD-, Collington Lodge, Collington Grove, Bexhill-on-Sea, Sussex. GARDINER, Mrs P., Cotswolds, 14 Pine Grove, Weybridge, Surrey. Forty, Mrs J., Wyke Cottage, Clandon Road, West Clandon, nr Guildford, Surrey. GENT, Lapy, Little Paddock, Fairmile Lane, Cobham, Surrey. GILes, Mrs J. W., 43 North Park, Eltham, London, S.E.9. GOopDBOLT, Mrs E., Altadena, Southview Road, Crowborough, Sussex. GORDON-LENNOX, REAR ADMIRAL A., Fishers Hill, Midhurst, Sussex. Gray, J. M., Nettlecombe, Westbere, Canterbury, Kent. *GRAY, MRS RONALD, Southcote, Hindhead, Surrey. *HALE, H., Ashgarth, Hill Road, Haslemere, Surrey. +HARDWICK, R. E., The Nurseries, Newick, Sussex. HarRRISON, Mrs O. B., 23 Woodville Gardens, Ealing, London, W.5. Hicks, Dr A. R. H., 106 Balcombe Road, Horley, Surrey. HIL1, W. J., 540 Loose Road, Maidstone, Kent. t Homes, Miss J., Iron Latch, The Great Quarry, Guildford, Surrey. Horn, L. T., 77 Cradlebridge Drive, Hythe Road, Ashford, Kent. Horne, G. N., Old Farm House, Bidborough, Tunbridge Wells, Kent. Hume, Mrs V. HAwTHORN, Priors Field Road, Godalming, Surrey. Hunt, B. F., 12 Honeycrock Lane, Salfords, Redhill, Surrey. THYDON NuRSERIES LTD, Hydon Heath, Godalming, Surrey. TISAAC, J. R., Manor Farmhouse Nurseries, East Lane, West Horsley, Leatherhead, Surrey. JOHNSON, G. F., 63 Farhalls Crescent, Horsham, Sussex. Kaye, Mrs H. W., St Peter’s Convent, Maybury Hill, Woking, Surrey. KENT, C. H.1., Peter’s Oak, Wellington Avenue, Virginia Water, Surrey. KeErRICH, G. J., Heath Crest, Westcott, Dorking, Surrey. Kimser, Mrs P., Sandways, Upper Bourne Lane, Boundstone, Farnham, Surrey. Kino, Mrs E., Spindlewood, Glebe Lane, Tilford, Farnham, Surrey. Kirk, T. S., 17 Lathom Road, East Ham, London, E.6 | KITCHEN, Mrs F. B., Northdown, Grassy Lane, Sevenoaks, Kent. | KLEINWORT, Mrs E., Heaselands, Haywards Heath, Sussex. +KNAppP HiL_~t Nursery LTp, Woking, Surrey. Lea, Mrs F. E., 113 Aldsworth Avenue, Goring-by-Sea, Sussex. YEAR BOOK 1971 55 Leacu, Mrs J. R., Caesars Cottage, Camp End Road, St George’s Hill, Weybridge, urrey. Lee, Mrs G. G., Birches, Kingswood Firs, Grayshott, Hindhead, Surrey. LEENEY, Mrs W. M., Mill Nursery, London Road, Hassocks, Sussex. tLetts, Mr & Mrs J. F., The Farm Nurseries, Windlesham, Surrey. MaAcLeop, Mrs C. I., Yew Trees, Horley Row, Horley, Surrey. MacLeop, Mrs V., 12 Lower Sloane Street, S. Ww. ibs MAcRosTIE, Son-LDR J. S., clo Midland Bank Ltd, Mill Hill, N.W.7. MapiIn, Mrs M., 16 Bryants Field, Crowborough, Sussex. MCCLINTOCK, D., Bracken Hill, Platt, Kent. Matt, B. R., 88 Findon Road, Worthing, Sussex. }MANSEL, D., Meadow Cottage Nursery, Beaconsfield Road, Chelwood Gate, Hay- wards Heath, Sussex. MartTIN, Mr and Mrs C. F., Woodpeckers, Hillcrest, Southborough, Tunbridge Wells. MEDLYCOTT, B. R., 102 Copse Avenue, West Wickham, Kent. MELLows, W. T., 54 Bramley Avenue, Coulsdon, Surrey. MILs, F. L., Craven Cottage, 9 Tadorne Road, Tadworth, Surrey. Mine, M., Struan, Waiton Lane, Bosham, Chichester, Sussex. Miisum, Mrs, Grays, Tilford, Farnham, Surrey. Moon, Miss F M., Ridgeway, Ridgeway Road, Redhill, Surrey. MoorMaN, G. F., Redtiles, West Barnham, nr Bognor Regis, Sussex. MorRGENROTH, Mrs W. J., Greensands, Primrose Way, Bramley, nr Guildford, Surrey. Moys, Mrs M. J., Long ‘Spinney, Clavering Walk, Cooden, Bexhill-on-Sea, Sussex. NAPIER, G. B., Frith Manor, Lingfield Road, East Grinstead, Sussex. +NAVARA NURSERY Ltpb, 12 Guildford Road, Lightwater, Surrey. NICHOLSON, H. L., Farm Cottage, Westcott Road, Dorking, Surrey. NOLTINGK, “A. G:; "Marianne, Semley Road, Hassocks, Sussex. - OSBORN, fe c:, Wisdom House, Delmonden Lane, Hawkhurst, Kent. PASCALL, D., 8 Church Hill, Purley, Surrey. PATRICK, Mr and Mrs P. S., 6 Queens Court, Haywards Heath, Sussex. PENNELL, Mr and Mrs C. E., 13 Church Mead, Keymer, Hassocks, Sussex. PENRITH, T. J., 104 Tonbridge Road, Maidstone, Kent. PHILIBERT, L., 36 Palace Green, Addington, Surrey, CRO 9AG. PILKINGTON, G. L., Grayswood Hill, Haslemere, Surrey Pore, A. L., 9 Laurel Avenue, Englefieid Green, Surrey. POULTER, nk 41 Pine Tree Hill, Pyrford, Woking, Surrey. PRIMAVESI, Mrs A., 5 Denfield, Tower Hill, Dorking, Surrey. QUAIFE, A. D., 14 Cheriton Avenue, Hayesford Park, Bromley, Kent. RANDALL, Mr and Mrs. H. C. Bs; Trees, 4 Park Avenue, Farnborough, Kent. +RAWINSKY, G. B., Primrose Hill Nursery, Haslemere, Surrey. RAYNER, J. N., Fairbourne, 28 The Rise, Sevenoaks, "Kent. ROLLAND, A, D., Broadoak Coppice, Little Common Road, Bexhill-on-Sea, Sussex. RUDDOCK, B. L., Dunromin, Bankside, Wadhurst, Sussex. TRUSSELL, ipa L. R. Russell & Co., Richmond Nurseries, Windlesham, Surrey. RUTLAND, E., 2 Paddock Way, Woodham, Woking, Surrey. *RYAN, Miss I. M. N., The Lithe, Sandy Lane, Reigate Heath, Surrey. +SANDFORD, Mr and Mrs T. lel Timber Lodge Nursery, Northiam, nr Rye, Sussex. SCANTLIN, H. Morton, The Heathers, Downside Common Road, Cobham, Surrey. SHARLAND, MR and Mrs W. M., Longacres, Munstead, Godalming, Surrey. SHEARING, Mrs R. E. B., 29 The Ridge, Surbiton, Surrey. SCOTT, Mrs V. D., 15 Sutherland Avenue, Orpington, Kent, BRS 1QX. SIMMONS, 1598 bee 76 Boltons Lane, Pyrford, Woking, Surrey. SIMPSON, MRS vied La Lodola, Seale Hill, Reigate, Surrey. SIMPSON, L. I., Leyswood House, Groombridge, via Tunbridge Wells, Kent. SKELTON, J., Sylvamere, 4 Pond Close, Broad Oak, Rye, Sussex. SMALL, D. J., 7 Cornfield Way, Tonbridge, Kent. *SMITH, BRIG. °C: H.R. Greenoge, Furze Hill, Seale, Farnham, Surrey. SPEEDY, B., 45 Farncombe Road, Tunbridge Wells, Kent. SPURLING, R. L., 2 Princes Avenue, Petts Wood, Kent. STERLING- MANSON, C., La Lodola, Seale Hill, Reigate, Surrey. STREETON, R. D., Little Harp, The Waldrons, Oxted, Surrey. Sryies, Mr and Mrs H., Arran, Windermere Road, Lighteater, Surrey. SUCKLING, M. P., Rathlin, Groombridge, Kent. SWIFT, F. Re 35 Hitchen Hatch Lane, Sevenoaks, Kent. TAPNER, Ww. E. S., 36 Third Avenue, Worthing, Sussex. +TAYLOR, SQN LpR A., Altadena, Southview Road, Crowborough, Sussex. THORNE, Mrs M. A., ’5 Dryland "Road, Borough Green, Kent. 56 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Top, Mrs J., Lavender Lodge, Old Schools Lane, Ewell, Surrey. Topp, Mrs R., 56 Link Lane, Wallington, Surrey. TOWER, COMMANDER B., R. N. (Retd.), Clare Lodge, Rowledge, nr Farnham, Surrey. TOWNSEND, D. W. H., 6 Manor Road, East Grinstead, Sussex. TREEN, S. j ., August Field, Farley Green, nr Albury, Surrey. Trew, B. A. U., 9 Sylvester Avenue, Chislehurst, Kent. +TROTMAN, G. F., Stonescapes Nursery, Little Grenville, Shackleford, Surrey. TURNER, SQN/LpDR E. R. and Mrs, Filma Dene, Burstow, Surrey. TURNER, P. B., 22 Rushlake Road, Brighton 6, Sussex. pW ate J. A., The Homestead Nurseries, Yapton Lane, Walberton, Arundel, ussex. WALTER, REAR ADMIRAL K. MCN. CAMPBELL-, Clachan Beag, Achnasaul, Oban (in Summer); 19a Princes Gate Mews, S.W.7 (in Winter). Warr, G. M., Woodside, Frant, Tunbridge Wells, Kent. WEIGALL, BRIG. E. J., Cottage Hill, Rotherfield, Crowborough, Sussex. WELLS, R. W., 3 Westfield, 35 Raglan Road, Reigate, Surrey. WHICHER, L. S., 10 Chanctonbury Chase, Redhill, Surrey. Waite, A. S., Hopland, Crockham Hill, Edenbridge, Kent. WILLIAMS, G., Crockham House, Westerham, Kent. Woops, Mrs M. M., Larchwood, Hadlow Down, Uckfield, Sussex. WOOLVING, Miss I., 58 Canonbie Road, Forest Hill, London, S.E.23. WoORRALL, Mr and Mrs F. A., Thursley End, 35 Petworth Road, Haslemere, Surrey. YEARROW, Mrs D. C., 1 Oakwood Avenue, Beckenham, Kent. YouLE, Mrs J., 58 Grand Drive, Raynes Park, London, S.W.20. Youna, Mrs K.., Silverdale, 70 Craven Road, Chelsfield, Kent. Group 8. South-West England. DBO: C. F. H., Earncroft, Foxbury Road, Grange Estate, St Leonards, Ringwood, ants. ALGER, Miss V., Inney Ward, St Lawrence’s Hospital, Bodmin, Cornwall. ALLAN, J. R., Courtil Rozel, Mount Durand, St Peter’s Port, Guernsey. +A NDERSON, J. N., Broadhurst, Grampound, Truro, Cornwall. BIRCHALL, WM, 19 Wolvershill Park, Banwell, Weston-super-Mare, Somerset. BISSET, Miss J. ™M., Summerfield, Bowerchalke, Salisbury; Wilts. BOBE, Te. H., 3 Strode Gardens, ‘Sandy Lane, St Ives, Ringwood, Hants. +BOND, S. W., Land of Nod Nurseries, Thuya Cottage, Petersfield Road, Whitehill, Borden, "Hants. BRIDGES, Mr and Mrs A. F. B., Sea Mist, Rocombe, Lyme Regis, Dorset. Brown, J. A., 31 Bowden Hill, Lacock, Chippenham, Wilts. BRYANT, Mr and Mrs B. J., 19 Heath Ridge, Highlands, Long Ashton, Bristol. aa Miss J., Aldersyde Cottage, Middle Road, Lytchett Matravers, Poole, orset. CHUMLEIGH AND DISTRICT GARDEN LOVERS’ SOCIETY, c/o Secretary, Mrs E.K. Dew, Highdown, Chawleigh, Chumleigh, Devon. CuHatTwin, Mrs P. B., 18 Harrington Drive, Hatherley, Cheltenham, Glos. CLARK, R.S., 45 Downside Avenue, Bitterne, Southampton. Court, W. ia 7 Frogmore Terrace, Kingsbridge, Devon. CRABB, MIss D. V., Allet Cottage, Allet, Kenwyn, Truro, Cornwall. CROAD, Miss Z., Greencroft Cottage, Hartley Mauditt, nr Alton, Hants. CUTLER, Mrs I. Teh Two Ways, Furzebrook Road, Stoborough, Wareham, Dorset. CUTLER, S. C., Wedgewood, Burley Road, Bransgore, Christchurch, Hants. DAVIDSON, DR JEAN M., Silver Haze, 20 Rosslyn Close, North. Baddesley, Southampton, SO5 9J. Davis, R. J., Tamarisk, Hillview Gardens, Felton, nr Bristol. DUNCH, Miss D. D., Ashburn, Fordingbridge, Hants, EDWARDS, A. J., 45 Chilton Grove, Yeovil, Somerset. FARROW, Mrs G M., 28 St Ives Park, Ringwood, Hants. FELL, Miss K. M., Corra Cottage, 32 Middiehill Road, Colehill, Wess Dorset. FINCH, Mrs M. M.., The Long Room, Spaxton, nr Bridgwater, ‘Somerset. FLANAGAN, Mrs S., ” Cledry, Lamorna, nr Penzance, Cornwall. GiBson, N. W., Garth, Great Elm, Frome, Somerset. GouGE, Mrs K. E., Fenwynds, Wraxall, nr Bristol. GOULTER, D., Warley, Hound Corner, Netley Abbey, Southampton. GREEN, Miss H. K., Finlandia, 89 Lions Lane, Ashley Heath, nr Ringwood, Hants. BH24 2HS. *GREENWOOD, J. E., Priory of Lady St Mary, Wareham, Dorset. YEAR BOOK 1971 Si) HAYDEN, Mrs A. R., Southbank House, High Street, Upper Weston, Bath, Somerset. HERBERT, W. G., Glenside, Middle Road, Sway, nr Lymington, Hants, SD4 OBB. Hinz, Mrs E. M., Innisfail, Mylor Downs, Falmouth, Cornwall. Humerey, Mrs M. K., Deer Park, Stratton, nr Bude, Cornwall, EX23 9LD. Hunt, D. A., 1 Eastfield Cottage, London Road, Devizes, Wilts. HuRRELL, Mrs L., Moorgate, nr S. Brent, S. Devon. Hutton, K., Hazelmead House, Lower Stone, Berkeley, Glos., GL13 9DP. JONES, Mr and Mrs A. W., Otters Court, West Camel, New Yeovil, Somerset. TKOERPER, R., Battle House Gardens, Bromham, nr Chippenham, Wilts. LANE, Mrs D. M., 6 Beacon Park Road, Dorchester Road, Upton, Poole, Dorset. LANGLANDS, Major P. C., Golliege, nr Wells, Somerset. LAVENDER, J. J., The Wing, Shapwick House, Shapwick, Bridgwater, Somerset. +LOWNDES, D. B. MacPenny’s Nurseries, Bransgore, nr Christchurch, Hants. LuMLEy, J. D. S., The Glen, 135 Countess Road, Amesbury, Salisbury, Wilts. *MAGINESS, Mrs D., 19 High Park Road, Broadstone, Dorset. Munro, L. A., Merchants Field, Thurlstone, Kingsbridge, S. Devon. NoBLETT, Miss L. H., Bryants, Curland, Taunton, Somerset. TOsMoND, G., Archfield Nursery, Wickwar, nr Wotton-u-Edge, Glos. PaisH, S. M., 91 Longleaze Estate, Wotton Bassett, nr Swindon, Wilts. PALMER, Mrs M. F., 128 Clarendon Road, Broadstone, Dorset. PARKYN, Mrs K. B., 28 Middle Road, Oakdale, Poole, Dorset, BH15 3SH. Perry, D. J., Sandfield, Drove Lane, Market Lavington, Devizes, Wilts. PLEs1ED, Mrs D. M., 15 High Park Road, Broadstone, Dorset. POYNTZ-WRIGHT, R. C., Cedar House, Reading Road North, Fleet, Hants. PRANCE, Mrs D., Moorlands, Down Road, Tavistock, Devon. Pride, T. R., Chetwynd, 188 West End Road, Bitterne, Southampton. 7PROUDLEY, Mr and Mrs B., The Nutshell, Cockshoot Hill, St Briavels, Glos. _ RENSHAW, C. S., Allet Cottage, Allet, Kenwyn, Truro, Cornwall. ROBERTSON, J. C. F., Brookdene, 43 Cirencester Road, Cheltenham, Glos. ROLLASON, G., Valetta, 12 Bay Road, Clevedon, Somerset. +ROwAN, R. R., White Heather Grower, Kernock, Saltash, Cornwall. -RussELL, Lt-Cox. P. H. W., Little Kenwyn, Hewshott Lane, Liphook, Hants. SEDGMAN, Mrs D. E., Gawton, Bere Alston, Yelverton, Devon, PL20 7HS. Seymour, Mrs K. M., Le Penage, Les Caches, St Martin, Guernsey, C.lI. Situ, A. H., Litchfield, Upper St Helens Road, Hedge End, Southampton. SmiTH, T. C., Heath House, Dunyeats Road, Broadstone, Dorset. SHOWERING, H. M. V., Compton Castle, Compton Pauncefoot, nr Yeovil, Somerset. STEVENS, F. J., Maxwell and Beale, Wimborne, Dorset. SuTTon, Miss E. M. A., 6 Corinium Way, Stratton, St Margarets, nr Swindon, Wilts. Tuomas, R. J., The Old Vicarage, St Erth, Hayle, Cornwall. THORNTON, F., 11 Clifton Close, Colebrook, Plympton, Plymouth, PL7 4BL. Twyne, Miss M. F., 5 Copse Close, Sheer, Petersfield, Hants. UMPELBY, A. W., 14 Willake Road, Kingskerswell, Newton Abbot, Devon. UNDERHILL, T. L., Gardens Cottage, Dartington Hall, nr Totnes, Devon. VicKERY, C., Belmont, Victoria Road, Yarmouth, I.o.W. WALSH, SiR Davip and Lapy, Lantern House, 3 Chapel Hill, Budleigh Salerton, Devon. Weir, Mrs H. A., Bourne Stream, Holford, Bridgwater, Somerset. WHITAKER, W., 6 Highfield Road, Cowes, I.o.W. WISDEN, Miss D. E., Lark Rise, Whitehorn Drive, Landford, nr Salisbury, Wilts. Wyatt, R. N., Heath Mount, Rake, Liss, Hants. YEATES, N. H. R., The House in the Woods, 45 Thornhill Park Road, Thornhill Park, Southampton, Hants, 502 6AP. Group 9. Overseas Membership. U.S.A. ALLEN, Mrs H. Box 260, Rte 1, Kernersville, N.C., 27284. ARBORETUM, University of Washington, Wash. 98105. ARBORETUM, Barnes Foundation, Merion Station, Penn. 19066. CLARKE, Dr J. HAROLD, Long Beach, Washington, 98631. COPELAND, HAROLD W., 77 Harding Lane, Chatham, Mass. Cross, JAMES E., Box 824, Cutchoque, New York 11935. Croxton, Mrs D. S., 6309 Green Valley Road, Placerville, Calif., 95667. Cummins, Mrs Rost. L., Box 147 R.D.I., Colts Neck, New Jersey, 07722. Cummins, Mrs Patrick J., Rte 3, Box 50, Enumclaw, Wash., 98029. 58 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Dietz, Mrs MARJORIE J., 194 Kings Point Road, East Hampton, N.Y., 11937. S FOLAND, MILTON, 451 N.W. Skyline Boulevard, Portland Oregon, 97229. FULLER, HENRY R., 41 Sherwood Road, Easton, Conn. GAMBEE, Mrs A. SUMNER, 220 Speer Avenue, Englewood, N.J., 07631. HOCHHEIMER, L., Ridge Farms Road, Norwalk, Conn., 06850. Harper, Mrs P., P.O. Box 594, Bel Air, Maryland, 21014. +KNIGHT, Mrs Rost. M., Heather Acres, Rte 3, Box 231, Elma, Wash., 98541. KRoGH, Rost., 7635 Excelsior Road, Eureka, Calif., 95501. }LEGENDRE, JACQUES L., Gulf Stream Nursery Inc., Wachapreague, Virginia. LIBRARY, THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Mass., 02138. LiBRARY, HuNT BOTANICAL, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Penn., 15213. GENERAL LIBRARY, Serials Dept., University California., Berkeley, Calif., 94720. LONGWOOD GARDENS, Dept. Hottic., Kennett Square, Penn., 8. TMAIALE, Miss JEANE, 251 So. Henderson Road, King of Prussia, Penn., 19406. MANNING, Mrs W. V., 12450 Fiori Lane, Sebastopol, Calif., 95472. MarretTT, N. DERING, 8715 Bowdoin Way, Edmonds, Wash., 98020. Matusow, Mrs JEROME, Westwind, South Salem, N.Y., 10590. *METHENY, Mrs D., 2810 46th Avenue W., Seattle, Wash., 98199. Murray, A. EDWARD (JN), 70 Kraft Lane, Levittown, Penn., 19055. PETERSON, Mrs J., 359 Lindsey Drive, Berwyn, Penna. ROBINSON, HOWARD G., 28 Lynack Road, Hawthorne, New Jersey, 97506. SCHWARTZ, Mrs D., Furnace Dock Road, Peekskill, N.Y., 10566. TAN SEOEN, NeIL J., Sylvan Nursery, 1028 Horseneck Road, So.Westport, Mass., STEWARD, ORVILLE M., The Bayard Cutting Arboretum, P.O. Box 66, Oakdale, Long Island, N.Y., 11769. +W. M. STEWARD Nursery, Rte 2, Box 225, Maple Valley, Wash., 98038. STOLLER, DAVID, 6733 Springboro Pike, Dayton, Ohio, 45449. STONE, Mrs Rost. C., Boundary Cottage, Box 65, RD2, South Salem, N.Y., 10590. +SwIss PINES, Charlestown Road, R.D.1, Malvern, Pa, 19355. Canada Gray, J. C. F., 3180 W. 43rd Avenue, Vancouver 13, B.C. HILL, F., 2309 Marine Drive, West Vancouver, B.C. THE LiprAry, Canada Agriculture, Sir John Carling Building, Ottawa. WILSON, K., SERCH NIsol. Office of the Botanical Garden, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver 8. New Zealand GILL, R. C., 39 Tennyson Street, Upper Hutt, NATIONAL LIBRARIAN, National Library Service, Wellington. Youna, Mrs J., Dundonald, Springhills, No. 6 R. D., Invercargill. Europe. ANDERSEN, AAGE, Dept. Hortic., Royal Agricultural College, Rolighedsvej 23, Copenhagen V, Denmark. ARENS, J., Willem Pijperlaan 2, Baarn, Holland. ARREGHINI, dr Ing Antonio, via Cernaia 9, Milano, Italy. BERGE, HANS (5) Koln am Rhein, Marienburgerstr. 53, Germany. BouMA, Ts. B., Sweelincklaan 111, Bilthoven, Holland. Brown, Capt, R. G., Budapesterstr. 43, 8F 1 Berlin 30. » (DEMETER & COMPANY, Peter Benoitlaan 12, P.O. Box 1, B-9220, Merelbeke, Belgium. Tue Director, Botanical Gardens and Belmonte Arboretum, Gen. Foulkesweg 37, Wageningen, Holland. DOOL, VAN DEN, W. L., Azalealaan 104, Boskoop, Holland. LAAR, VAN DE, H. J., Azalealaan 34, Boskoop, Holland. FABRIZI, FILIPPO TRIACA, via Degli Olivetani 8, Milano, Italy. GEMEENTELUKE BEPLANTINGEN, Bossen en Begraafplaatsen, Driebergen-Rijsenburg, Hollan GROENENDIJK, W. J., Konijnenpad 2, Zuidwolde (Drenthe), Nederland. GROOTENDORST, H. J., Acadia, Burg, Colijnstraat 106, Boskoop, Holland. VAN GROENINGEN, FRANK, van Eycklei 3, Antwerp, 1, Belgium. HorRCHNER, DR P., Kerkweg 58, Berkenwoude, (Z.H.), Nederland. HoRNUNG, HANS, 2223 Meldorf, Bruttstr. 11, Germany. JANSON, A. W., Rua de Fez 181, Nevogilde, Porto, Portugal. JONASSON, SNAEBJORN, Laugarasvegi 61, Reykjavik, Iceland. KLEINSCHMIDT, P. G., "Daansbergen 18, "Halsteren, Holland. YEAR BOOK 1971 39 Kok, E. B., Groenlaantje 14, Nunspeet, Holland. Lima, Mrs INGRID, Madlalia, pr Stavanger, Norway. LOISEAU, MAURICE, Alle sur Semois, Belgium. LUGARD, W. J., Heidepark 3, Wageningen Hoog, Holland. LUNDELL, TAGE, Bondegatan 37, 260 32 Ramlésabrunn, Sweden. May, Mrs J., via Dario Papa 8/9, Milan, Italy. PILKINGTON, V., Casal da Nora, Colares, Portugal. ACTING-DIRECTOR, Proefstation voor de Boomkwerkerij, Valkenburgerlaan 3, Boskoop, Holland. SEPPEN, G., Burg R. Nepveulaan 11, Putten (GLD) Holland. VaEs, H., Guldensporenlaan 78, 2500 Lier, Belgium. VAN DER VEN, H., Klaverblokken, 18, Halsteren, Holland. ZELINA, E.. Columbusg 98, 1100 Wien, Austria. +ZWIJNENBURG, P. G., Rijneveld 35, Boskoop, Holland. Other Overseas Members. ADAM SMITH, Mrs J., Yacht ‘Mhari’, The Yachting Centre, Gzira, Malta. FLAVIN, REv. P. P., Dhekelia Garrison, Officers Mess, Cyprus (Brit. Forces P.O. 53). CREWE, BROwN, J. E., 278 Quorn Drive, North Riding, P.O. Honeydew, Transvaal. South Africa. Keats, Mrs F. A., 2 Hollings Road, Malvern, Natal, South Africa. SATOSHI Miwa, c/o Nogyo-Shikenjo, 845 Kita-Ando, Shizuoka, Japan. THE HEATHER SOCIETY SPECIALIST DESIGNERS and CONTRACTORS of Heather Gardens Japanese Gardens Formal Gardens Estates Rock Gardens Roof Gardens Indoor Gardens Factory Gardens Recreation Parks Pollution-Proof Greenbelts WORLDWIDE SERVICE for ALL CLIMATES | DEMETER & COMPANY Limited Landscape Architects and Worldwide Contractors P.O. Box 1 B-9220 MERELBEKE (Belgium) Tel.: Ghent (09) 52.98.21 (5 lines) Telex: 11101 Demeter Cables: Demeter Merelbeke YEAR BOOK 1971 61 HEATHS AND HEATHERS CALLUNA, DABOECIA AND ERICA This is an invaluable reference book for both professional and amateur gardeners. The author combines a thorough knowledge of heaths and heathers with an affectionate interest in their history and individuality. Contents: the history and use of heaths and heathers; planting and cultivation; heathers in the glass-house; propagation; characteristics and variations of heaths and heathers; calluna vulgaris cultivars; erica species and cultivars; erica hybrids; the daboecias. by TERRY L UNDERHILL Publication 15 April Price £2.50 DAVID & CHARLES NEWTON ABBOT DEVON 62 THE HEATHER SOCIETY | YOU CAN HAVE A BEAUTIFUL HEATHER GARDEN IN A MATTER OF HOURS === —even on limey soil! : eM WITH THE HELP OF LIME-FREE COMPOST Specially formulated to provide ali the essential plant foods and trace elements. No feeding necessary. Fill the bed with itand uselike mortar between blocks, planting face and top of wall with small subjects. (In 3 cwt bags) PEAT BLOCKS Light and easy to handle, they can be used like bricks to build a raised bed, especially where lime is a problem, or even on patios etc. They will last for years, assuming a _ natural, weathered, appearance as time goes by. Block. size approx. 7” x 5” x 2”. (in bags of 50) Full details from ALEXANDER PRODUCTS LTD. (54) BURNHAM-ON-SEA, SOMERSET Hardy Heathers, Hybrid Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Conifers, Rootstocks, Deciduous Trees and Shrubs, Evergreens, Hardy Perennial Planis, Rock Plants, Roses and Waterlilies, in a large variety including the latest novelties. DEMETER & COMPANY Limited Wholesale Growers and Worldwide Exporters P.O. Box 1 B-9220 MERELBEKE (Belgium) Tel.: Ghent (09) 52.98.21 (5 lines) Telex: 11101 Demeter Cables: Demeter Merelbeke YEAR BOOK 1971 63 FLOWERING AND FOLIAGE HEATHERS DWARF AND SLOW-GROWING CONIFERS NOW! YEAR-ROUND PLANTING This year 100% of our stocks are individually grown—in polythene, plastic or peat pots and consequently may be safely planted at almost any time of the year. All plants have been grown in these containers for at least one season and have developed complete and healthy root systems. We believe this type of plant (grown from cuttings) is incom- parably better and longer lived than those from layers or offsets. We cater for both the beginner and the connoisseur with heathers selec- ted from probably the largest collection available in this country Heather garden design and planning advice with pleasure A. ANNABEL “Springwood”, Church Drive, RAVENSHEAD, NOTTS. Telephone: BLIDWORTH 2756 64 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Mrs I. HURLEY, OLD GrovE LoDGE, LLANGROVE. ROSS-ON-WYE, HEREFORDSHIRE. Tel. Llangarron 334 A cottage guest house, where a warm welcome awaits all members of the Heather Society. A large garden on a south bank, with an interesting collection of heathers, trees, and shrubs. Open from Easter onwards, terms on request. WE GROW HEATHERS Variety of hardened 2-year-old plants in 3” containers. R. KOERPER Battle House Gardens, Bromham, Chippenham, Wilts. Phone: Bromham 278. Tulips, Daffodils, Hyacinths, Gladiolus, Dahlias, Begonias, Gloxinias, Lilies, and many other flower bulbs including the latest novelties. DEMETER & COMPANY Limited Wholesale Growers and Worldwide Exporters P.O. Box 1 B 9220 MERELBEKE (Belgium) Tel.: Ghent (09) 52.98.21 (5 lines) Telex: 11101 Demeter Cables; Demeter Merelbeke YEAR BOOK 1971 QUARTET Of Outstanding New Heathers Exclusive To Us SUNSHINE RAMBLER There is little range of choice in lime-tolerant coloured foliage varieties, This is the brightest purest yellow all year through, and the fastest grower. Pink flowered, this rapid spreader is a seedling of either Carnea or Darleyensis type, with a great future. CORAL ISLAND A few prostrate coloured foliage Callunas are on offer. We know of none as fine as this striking vigorous seedling, with exceptionally dense foliage of soft gold, orange-tinted in summer, deepening to rich gold, orange and red hues in winter. BONFIRE BRILLIANCE Great vigour and superb foliage colour characterise this seedling Calluna. Resembling Multicolor in its mixture of brilliant yellow, orange and scarlet, but on a fast-growing plant of upright habit. Very impressive in the Wisley Trials. SILVER STREAM : To the short list of silver-foliaged Callunas is now added this distinguished seedling. Rich lavender flowers in profusion contrast admirably with dense foliage en compact neat mound-shaped plants of medium size, more spreading than tall. Being all of seedling origin, vigour is assured, and there is no risk of reversion Thoroughly tested over several years in severe conditions. Prices fer pot-grown plants, propagated from cuttings Post & peas Cash and Carry to Paid. Single plants of a variety 3 plants or more of one kind 1 each of the 4 varieties for 2 each of the 4 varieties for 3 each of the 4 varieties for Early ordering advised, stocks limited. Cash with order for postal orders. We are the leading Wholesale Propagators of Novelty Heathers and New Shrubs to the Trade and for Export. Our carefully selected retail range of hardy Heathers comprises 150 varieties, the best only of old and new. These are offered at our Cash and Carry Plant Centre in all sizes from young plants to Superb specimens at prices from 10p to 40p each, less for quantity, and_all are pot-grown. Visitors welcome Saturdays and Sundays 10 a.m.-6 p.m. Weekdays by appointment only. Closed Mondays. Discerning gardeners will find an exceptional selection of Quality Heathers, Compact Shrubs and Rare Plants at very reasonable prices, with knowledgeable advice. Our speciality is hardy shrubs and plants for the smaller gardens of today. All ideal for your Heather Garden combined with our range of slow-growing Conifers. Design Service available. See our Display Heather and Shrub Gardens with unique collection new intermediate-size Rhododendrons. Ornamental Pheasantry and Aviary. Eucalyptus Plantation. Bonsai Collection. Dwarf Bulb Raised Beds. Magnificent country setting with superb views. Come soon. PRIMROSE HILL NURSERY, FAR END BUNCH LANE, HASLEMERE, SURREY Haslemere 2755—24 hour Ansaphone Service. 65 66 THE HEATHER SOCIETY NEIL H.BRUMMAGE Specialist in the growing of HIGHEST QUALITY, REALISTICALLY PRICED HEATHS AND HEATHERS ALL GROWN AT LEAST TWO YEARS FULLY DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE available on request from: HEATHWOODS NURSERY TEL. DRAYTON 219 FAKENHAM ROAD, TAVERHAM, NORWICH, NOR 53X Heathers, Alpines, Dwarf Conifers and other chouce plants George Osmond Archfield Nursery, Wickwar, Wotton-u-Edge, Glos. Telephone: Wickwar 216 Foliage Plants, Palms, Orchids, Carnivorous Plants, Plants for Cut Flowers, Pot Plants, South African Heathers, Tropical Plants, Tropical Shrubs, Tropical Trees, Tropical Water Plants and Waterlilies. DEMETER & COMPANY Limited Wholesale Growers and Worldwide Exporters P.O. Box 1 B-9220 MERELBEKE (Belgium) Tel.: Ghent (09) 52.98.21 (5 lines) Telex: 11101 Demeter Cables: Demeter Merelbeke YEAR BOOK 1971 67 SHERIFFSTON GARDENS ELGIN MORAY SCOTLAND specialize in WELL GROWN HEATHS & HEATHERS DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE ON REQUEST Dolley’s Hill Nurseries NORMANDY - GUILDFORD - SURREY Telephone: Normandy 2144 GROWERS OF TOP QUALITY HEATHERS Careful labelling and correct nomenclature is considered to be a prime objective Visitors are welcome (Tuesdays excepted) to view over 100 varieties growing in our display garden _— descriptive catalogue on request — 68 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Hardy Derbyshire grown Heathers, Rose and Fruit trees, Ornamental and Flowering Shrubs, Rock and Herbaceous plants, etc. Catalogue and Gift Vouchers on request. Gervase Smith & Sons Ltd. Top and Fairfield Nurseries, Hackney Road, Matlock, Derbyshire. DE4 2PW Phone Matlock 2425 / Nurseries always open for inspection The English Heather Garden by D. Fyfe Maxwell and P. S. Patrick A vast amount of first-hand information .. . it will remain a work of lasting value. Gardeners’ Chronicle Illustrated 40/- Macdonald Order from your local bookseller Tree Seeds, Shrub Seeds, Palm Seeds, Foliage Plant Seeds, all kinds of Flower Seeds, and Grass Seeds for all climates. DEMETER & COMPANY Limited Wholesale Seedsmen and Worldwide Exporters P.O. Box 1 : B-9220 MERELBEKE (Belgium) Tel.: Ghent (09) 52.98.21 (5 lines) Telex: 11101 Demeter Cables: Demeter Merelbeke YEAR BOOK 1971 69 We grow Top Quality Heathers by the thousand, in many choice varieties from open ground or jiffy pots E. B. LeGRICE (ROSES) LTD NORTH WALSHAM : NORFOLK Illustrated catalogue free on request 57 acres of nursery, growing roses, shrubs, heathers, conifers and hedging Marinure powdered seaweed manure and Marinure concentrated liquid seaweed are both pure seaweed products. Seaweed is a natural organic manure, slow and mild in action _in either powder or liquid form and thus ideal for heathers and all calcifugeous plants. Please write for free leaflet, small sample and information sheet on calciphobes, mentioning this year book. Wilfrid Smith (Horticultural Ltd), Gemini House, High Street, Edgware, Middlesex 70 THE HEATHER SOCIETY Heathers for the enthusiast Recent introductions now available include Ann Sparkes, Beoley Crimson, Carole Chapman, Fairy, Lambstails, Silver Knight, Sir John Charrington, Spring Cream, Spring Glow, Spring Torch, Summer Orange, David Moss, Myretoun Ruby, Jenny Porter, J. W. Porter, Margaret Porter, and many others. All stock container grown, and offered at reasonable price. Our 28-page Handbook contains full descriptions, and is the ideal companion for those interested in heather growing. Obtainable on request from Colourful Gardens Limited Llwyn Hudol, Criccieth, Caernarvonshire (Office Address only) "SUNNYMOUNT NURSERY > oe Prop. G.M. Hamer — - Glossop Road, Chisworth ‘Cheshire | ne Ce WE HAVE AN EXCELLENT SELECTION OF ae | HARDY GROWN HEATHERS FOR. ALL: | THE-YEAR-ROUND COLOUR. | ae CONTAINER GROWN AND OPEN GROUND. — |. oe ‘A GOOD SELECTION OF “SLOW Jo |. EVERY DAY -| DAYS, TO | | CALLERS ONLY — en _ GROWING CONIFERS : MANCHESTER | 3 oe ae | HOWTOFIND US A ee f -ROMILEY ) a | as a ee 3 @CuiswortH - STOCKPORT em t~—“‘ié‘CLY SSNURSERY CHEADLE. NQUHAZEL GRove eG oO NEW MILLS "WE ARE OPEN a “EXCEPT MON- NO ie a | rst TRADE. MACCLESFIELD Telephone: GLOSSOP 3964