MONTANA
M Natural Heritage
^TY/y^ Pf ogtam
A program of the Natural
Resource Information System,
Montana State Library
Plant Species
of Concern
June 2006
Introduction
The Montana Natural Heritage Program (MTNHP) serves as the
state's clearinghouse and principle information source for Species of
Concern — plants and animals that are at risk or potentially at risk in
Montana. This report, which updates and replaces the 2003 publication,
identifies 358 vascular plant Species of Concern (SOC) and another
133 Potential Species of Concern (PSOC), based on information
gathered from field inventories, publications, reports, herbarium
specimens, and the knowledge of Montana botanists. This report
includes 35 additions to the SOC list compared with the 2003
publication; many of these are globally rare species with a rank of G3/
S3 showing that Montana contains all or a large part of their entire
distribution. Seven species have been removed from the SOC list for
various reasons which are noted below. Taxa in the SOC category
include all species, subspecies or varieties that are currently ranked SI,
SlS2,S2,S2S3,SHorG3.
Potential Species of Concern include taxa currently ranked as S3 in the
state, except for G3 taxa which are included as Species of Concern.
Taxa previously included as Potential Species of Concern with ranks of
SR (reported in Montana) or SU (unrankable due to a lack of
information) are now included under a new review category. However,
species on review are not included in this published report as it is envisioned that they will change frequently as species
are reviewed and either added to the SOC or PSOC categories or dropped from further consideration.
Also included in this report are the status ranks for 118 bryophyte (mosses and liverworts) species and 109 lichen
species currently considered rare or potentially rare in Montana, based on recent work by experts studying these groups;
these lists remain largely unchanged from the 2001 publication, which was the first time non-vascular plants were
included. This publication is available in electronic format on the MTNHP website (http://www.mtnhp.org).
The MTNHP continuously reviews and updates status ranks as new information and insights are generated by field
surveys, research, and submitted observations. Status ranks and information supporting them, are informally reviewed
by botanists and resource specialists, if you wish to comment or contribute information to this process please contact the
MTNHP Botanist. The information that we receive from botanists and others throughout the state is essential in this
process, and contributes to more accurate assessments of species' status. We continue to ask that all observations of
these species be reported to the Heritage Program, with as much detail as possible. A copy of a field survey form
specifying the information that should be submitted is available at the end of this publication and on our website. Review
^ ^
Table of Contents
Physaria brassicoides (Double Bladderpod)
Illustration by: Debbie McNiel
Introduction 1
How to Read the Lists 2
Plant Species of Concern 6
Plant Species of Potential Concern 28
Bryophytes 38
Lichens 41
Map of Montana Counties 46
Plant Species of Concern Field Form 47
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
of species' ranks throughout the year will likely lead to
some changes in species included in this publication or the
status rank of an individual species prior to publication of a
new SOC report. These changes made between
publications are reflected in our on-line field guides, species
search function, and through data requests.
Information concerning vascular plant species contained on
the SOC, PSOC or Review lists may be viewed on the
MTNHP's on-line Rare Plant Field Guide. The Field
Guide provides information for vascular plants, including
species' characteristics, identification, habitat, distribution,
state rank reasons and references, as well as technical
illustrations and photographs of the plants and their habitats.
For each species, a link to the NatureServe website (http://
www.natureserve.org/) provides access to information on
the status of the species throughout North America,
assembled from state and provincial Natural Heritage
databases. Information in the Rare Plant Field Guide is
continuously updated and expanded, so please check it
often for current species' information. If you have
questions concerning the field guide or find errors or
omissions please contact the MTNHP.
Distributional data and status lists can be queried on-line by
county; township, range and section; watersheds;
taxonomic group or one of several rank/status criteria.
More detailed information or additional assistance can be
requested from MTNHP using the Information Request
function on our website, or by phone, e-mail or mail.
Additions to the Species of Concern List
(since the 2003 publication)
Botrychium montanum
Brickellia oblongifolia
Calamagrostis tweedyi
Camissonia subacaulis
Cardamine rupicola
Castilleja crista-galli
Castilleja gracillima
Collomia debilis var. camporum
Delphinium bicolor ssp. calcicola
Draba crassa
Draba daviesiae
Erigeron allocatus
Erigeron flabellifolius
Erigeron parryi
Erigeron radicatus
Eriogonum brevicaule var. canum
Eriogonum capistratum var. muhlickii
Eriogonum soliceps
Ipomoea leptophylla
Lesquerella klausii
Listera borealis
© 2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Oxytropis lagopus var. conjugens
Pedicularis contorta var. ctenophora
Pedicularis contorta var. rubicunda
Pedicularis crenulata
Penstemon caryi
Penstemon flavescens
Physaria saximontana var. dentata
Polygonum polygaloides ssp. confertiflorum
Psoralea hypogaea
Senecio eremophilus
Sphaeromeria capitata
Syntheris canbyi
Townsendia nuttallii
Townsendia spathulata
Deletions from the Species of Concern List
(since the 2003 publication)
Carex heteroneura var. chalciolepis - Reports of this
species from Montana require additional review.
Carex norvegica ssp. inserrulata - Uncertain taxonomic
status.
Carex pallescens — Occurrences of this species in
Montana are likely introduced.
Cypripedium parviflorum — Moved to PSOC list due in
part to the number of known extant occurrences, level of
threat to the species and the relatively wide distribution in
the state.
Ribes cognatum — Reports from Montana are likely based
on mis-identifications.
Senecio pauciflorus - The status of this species in
Montana requires additional review.
Trifolium cyathiferum — The status of this species in
Montana requires additional review. At least two of
three documented locations in Montana are likely
adventive.
How to Read the Lists
Species that have been added to the SOC or PSOC lists
are highlighted (bolded). When only the state rank has
changed, that rank is bolded. Changes in global ranks are
not highlighted. Also provided are federal designations
under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and administrative
designations assigned by the U.S. Forest Service or Bureau
of Land Management.
The lists are organized alphabetically by scientific name
(Genus, specific and subspecific epithets) within the
major groups of Ferns and Fern Allies, Dicots and
Monocots. Family names are included for each species. A
common name is also provided for each species on the
SOC and PSOC lists. Nomenclature for vascular plants
generally follows Vascular Plants of Montana (Dorn
1984) since these are the scientific names that generally
will be most familiar to users of the report. Synonyms are
included for taxa where NatureServe Explorer (2006), The
PLANTS database (2006), Flora of North America
(1993-) or Flora of the Pacific Northwest (Hitchcock and
Cronquist 1973) uses a different name. In cases where an
infraspecific taxon is included as an SOC or PSOC, the
name can generally be found in one of the previously
mentioned references other than Vascular Plants of
Montana. In other cases, use of a name differing from
that used in Vascular Plants of Montana made sense; in
these cases the name used in that publication will be listed
as a synonym.
Heritage Program Ranks
The international network of Natural Heritage Programs
employs a standardized ranking system to denote global
(range-wide) and state status (NatureServe 2006).
Species are assigned numeric ranks ranging from 1 (highest
risk, greatest concern) to 5 (demonstrably secure),
reflecting the relative degree of risk to the species' viability,
based upon available information.
A number of factors are considered in assigning ranks —
the number, size and quality of known occurrences or
populations, distribution, trends (if known), intrinsic
vulnerability, habitat specificity, and definable threats. The
process of assigning state ranks for each taxon relies
heavily on the number of occurrences and Element
Occurrence (EO) ranks, which is a ranking system of the
quality (usually A through D) of each known occurrence
based on factors such as size (# of individuals) and habitat
quality. The remaining factors noted above are also
incorporated into the ranking process when they are
known. The "State Rank Reason" field in the Rare Plant
Field Guide provides additional information on the reasons
for a particular species' rank. The ranking process being
used by MTNHP for plant species relies heavily on the
methodology presented by Regan, Master and Hammerson
(2004), though it does not strictly follow the approach
outlined therein.
Rank definitions given below reflect some changes in
terminology from that used by NatureServe. However, the
meaning and criteria for ranks remain unchanged, to
maintain consistency with international standards.
Rank Definition
G 1 S 1 At high risk because of extremely limited and/
or rapidly declining population numbers, range
and/or habitat, making it highly vulnerable to
global extinction or extirpation in the state.
G2 S2 At risk because of very limited and/or
potentially declining population numbers, range
and/or habitat, making it vulnerable to global
extinction or extirpation in the state.
G3 S3 Potentially at risk because of limited and/or
declining numbers, range and/or habitat, even
though it may be abundant in some areas.
G4 S4 Apparently secure, though it may be quite rare
in parts of its range, and/or suspected to be
declining.
G5 S5 Demonstrably secure, though it may be quite
rare in parts of its range.
GH SH Historical, known only from records usually
40 or more years old; may be rediscovered.
Combination Ranks
G#G# or S#S#
Indicates a range of uncertainty about the
status of the species.
Rank of a subspecies or variety; appended to
the global rank of the full species, e.g. G4T3.
Sub-rank
T#
Qualifiers
Q Distinctiveness of the taxon is questionable;
appended to the global rank, e.g. G3Q.
? Denotes uncertainty; inexactness.
Federal Status
Designations in this column reflect the status of a species
under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), or as
"sensitive" by the U.S. Forest Service (USES) or the
Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
(Endangered Species Act)
Status, if any of a taxon under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C.A. § 1531-1543 (Supp.
1996)) is noted. Regulatory aspects of the Endangered
Species Act affect plants only when they occur on federal
lands or may be affected by federal actions. Currently,
four plants in Montana have designations under the U.S.
Endangered Species Act.
Designation Description
Threatened Listed as Threatened under the ESA
Candidate Candidate for Listing under the ESA
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
The Special Status Species Policy 6840 gives the State
Director the responsibility of designating Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) sensitive species. The sensitive
species designation is used to provide conservation actions
for species to preclude the need for listing under the ESA
and to improve the status of species to the point where
special status recognition is no longer warranted. Sensitive
species are afforded the same protection as that provided
for federal candidate species.
Designation Description
BLM Denotes species listed as sensitive on
BLM lands.
U.S. FOREST SERVICE
The U.S. Forest Service Manual (2670.22) defines the
status of sensitive species on Forest Service lands. The
Regional Forester (Northern Region, Region 1) designates
sensitive species on National Forests in Montana; these
designations were last updated in 2004 and they apply only
on USFS-administered lands.
Designation Description
USFS Denotes species listed as sensitive on
National Forest lands.
Note: The U.S. Forest Service is implementing new
planning regulations, which will lead to changes in the
identification of "special status" species on National Forest
lands. Sensitive species will continue to be designated for
Region 1 under existing agency policy, but in addition many
of the newly revised Forest Plans may also identify
"Species of Concern" (taxa ranked G1-G3, T1-T3) and
"Species of Interest" (state rare taxa ranked S1-S2).
During this transition period, the designation in the Federal
Status column refers to the status under the existing
sensitive species policy.
Threat Level
New to this SOC report is a column that denotes the level
of threat in the state. Information on actual and/or potential
threats, such as those posed by invasive weeds,
development, livestock grazing, resource extraction,
recreational use, hydrologic alterations, etc. were collected
in part from survey forms completed by professional and
amateur botanists, ecologists and natural resource
professionals. Potential impacts to species as a result of
ambiguous threats such as global warming were not
included in the assessment. 121 taxa were assigned a
threat level during this initial analysis, including those with
an inexact assignment such as "Moderate?" or "Low-
Moderate."
Level
High
Moderate
Low
Very Low
NA
**
Definition
Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in a severe (>60%) reduction in
population numbers or habitat for the
species in Montana. The threat or threats
exist in part or all of the species' range or
are thought to be imminent. A combination
of less severe threats may combine to raise
the overall threat level to high.
Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in, or have the potential to result in, a
major (20-60%) reduction in population
numbers or habitat for the species in
Montana. The threat or threats may exist
in part or all of the species' range or may
be expected to occur in the near future
(usually 1-5 years). Several low level
threats may combine to raise the overall
threat level to moderate.
Generally defined as a significant likelihood
of impacts, activities or events that will
result in a small, though significant (5-20%)
reduction in population numbers or habitat
for the species in Montana. The threat or
threats may exist in part or all of the
species' range or be expected to occur in
the future (usually 5-20 years).
No significant likelihood of impacts,
activities or events that will result in a
reduction in population numbers or habitat
for the species in Montana.
Not Assessed.
Used for species ranked SH.
County Distribution
This column lists the county distribution (using the first four
letters of the county name), including extant and historical
occurrences that are known for the species in Montana.
For most SOC, the number of known occurrences (in
parentheses) in that county follows the county name.
Occurrences that cross county boundaries are counted for
each county. Many older occurrence records and
specimen collections are only known from vague location
information and the area mapped as the potential area of
observation may be quite large, leading to more than one
county being counted.
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Note: Element Occurrences do not always correspond to a
biological population (i.e. a population may be tracked as
more than one occurrence by MTNHP) due to issues
associated with data management and mapping. Thus, the
number of occurrences should not be used as the sole
indicator of abundance.
Montana Endemic
Taxa believed to be endemic (i.e. not occurring elsewhere)
to the state of Montana are noted here. Currently, 19 taxa
(all dicots) on the SOC list are thought to be endemic to the
state.
Notes
Additional information for each SOC is included here, most
notably:
1. Species not found in Dorn (1984) are noted as such.
2. Taxa that are included in, or that would "key out" in
Vascular Plants of Montana under an expanded
concept and/or a different name are noted.
3. For taxa tracked at an infraspecific level, it is noted how
many named subspecies or varieties there are total for
that species and how many of them are known to occur
in Montana.
Acknowledgements
We would like to gratefully acknowledge the many people
who contributed information on plant species' occurrences
and distribution throughout Montana over the years - those
contributions are the building blocks of the MTNHP
databases and this publication. We encourage you to
continue submitting data on Species of Concern so that
status ranks and this publication are as accurate and
comprehensive as possible.
Selected References
Dorn, R.D. 1984. Vascular Plants of Montana. Mountain
West Publishing, Cheyenne, WY. 276 pp.
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+.
Flora of North America North of Mexico. 8+ vols. New
York and Oxford. On-line at http://hua.huh.harvard.edu/
FNA/.
Hitchcock, C.L and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the
Pacific Northwest. Univ of Washington Press, Seattle,
WA.
Lavin, M. and C. Seibert. 2005. Grasses of Montana.
MSU Herbarium, Dept of Plant Sciences and Plant
Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. 65
pp.
Lesica, P., G. Moore, K.M. Peterson, and J.H. Rumely.
1984. Vascular plants of limited distribution in Montana.
Montana Academy of Science Monograph No. 2.
Lesica, P. and J.S. Shelly. 1991. Sensitive, threatened and
endangered vascular plants of Montana. Montana Natural
Heritage Program, Montana State Library, Helena,
Montana.
MTNHP. 2003. Montana plant species of concern.
Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana. 34
pp.
NatureServe. 2006. NatureServe Explorer: An on-line
encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 4.7.
Arlington, Virginia. Available: http://www.natureserve.org/
explorer.
Regan, T.J., L.L. Master and G A. Hammerson. 2004.
Capturing expert knowledge for threatened species
assessments: a case study using NatureServe conservation
status ranks. Acta Oecologia 26: 95-107.
Rollins, R.C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North
America: systematics of the mustard family from the
Arctic to Panama. Stanford University Press, Stanford,
California. 976 pp.
USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database, Version
3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). Data compiled by various
sources by Mark W. Skinner. National Plant Data Center,
Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Contact Info:
For questions or comments specific to this publication or for
specific plant related questions, please contact:
Scott Mincemoyer
Program Botanist
smincemoyer@mt.gov
(406)444-2817
For general questions and botany-related data requests
please use the Information Request function on our website
(www.mtnhp.org) or the general MTNHP contact info
below.
MTNHP
PO. Box 201800
1515 E. 6* Ave
Helena, MT 59620-1800
(406) 444-5354 Fax (406) 444-0581
e-mail address: mtnhp@mt.gov
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Ferns and Fern Allies (Pteridophyta)
Asplenium trichomanes
Maidenhair Spleenwort
Polypodiaceae
G5/SH
*H!
Flat (1)
Botrychium ascendens
Upward-lobed Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G2G3/S1S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Flat(5), Glac(4), Lake(l),
Lewi (1), Line (10)
Not in Dom
Botrychium campestre
Prairie Dunewort
Ophioglossaceae
G3G4/S1
Low-Mod
Flat (2)
Not in Dorn
Botrychium crenulatum
Wavy Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G3/S2S3
USFS
Low-Mod
Flat (11), Gran (1), Lake (5),
Line (27), Miss (2), Sand (1)
Botrychium hesperium
{B. matricariifolium var. hesperium)
Western Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G3G4/S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Deer(l), Flat(10),Glac(4),
Line (3)
Botrychium lineare
Linearleaf Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
Gl/Sl
Candidate
Low-Mod
Glac(4),Lake(l),Linc(l)
Not in Dom
Botrychium montanum
Mountain Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G3/S3
Low?
Flat (8), Lake (8), Line (37),
Miss (1), Sand (1)
Botrychium pallidum
Pale Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G3/S1
NA
Flat (2), Line (1)
Not in Dom
Botrychium paradoxum
Peculiar Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G2/S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Deer (2), Flat (4), Glac (3),
Gran (4), Jeff (2), Line (8),
Pond (1), Powe (1), Teto (1)
Botrychium pedunculosum
Stalked Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G2G3/S1
USFS
Low
Flat(2), Linc(8), Sand(l)
Not in Dom
Botrychium spathulatum
Spoon-leaf Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G3/S1
NA
Lake(l)
Not in Dom
Cystopteris montana
Mountain Bladder Fern
Polypodiaceae
G5/SH
**
Flat (1), Glac (1)
Dryopteris cristata
Buckler Fern
Polypodiaceae
G5/S2
USFS
Low?
Flat (14), Lake (5), Line (1),
Miss (4), Rava (2)
Lycopodium dendroideum
(L. obscurum var. dendroideum)
Treelike Clubmoss
Lycopodiaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Flat (2), Glac (1), Line (1)
Lycopodium inundatum
{Lycopodiella inundata)
Northern Bog Clubmoss
Lycopodiaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Flat (1), Miss (1)
Lycopodium lagopus
(L. clavatum in part)
Running Pine
Lycopodiaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Flat (1), Glac (1), Line (1)
Not in Dom
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Ophioglossum pusillum
(O. vulgatum)
Adder's Tongue
Ophioglossaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low
Plat (10), Lake (11), Line (2)
Miss (5)
O. vulgatum in Dorn
Polystichum kruckebergii
Kruckeberg's Sword-fern
Polypodiaceae
G4/S1
Low
Deer (1), Flat (1), Gall (1),
Gran(l), Lake (1), Miss (1)
Polystichum scopulinum
Mountain Holly-fern
Polypodiaceae
G5/S1
NA
Rava(l), Sand(l)
Selaginella selaginoides
Low Spike-moss
SelagineUaceae
G5/S2
NA
Beav (2), Deer (3), Gran (3),
Madi (1)
Thelypteris phegopteris
(Phegopteris connectilis)
Northern Beechfem
Polypodiaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low
Plat (l),Glac(l), Line (12),
Sand (4)
Flowering Plants - Dicots (Magnoliopsida)
Adoxa moschatellina
Musk-root
Adoxaceae
G5/S2
BLM/USPS
Low
Carb (2), Gran (2), Jeff (3),
Madi (1), Park (l),Stil(l)
Agastache cusickii
Cusick's Horse-mint
Lamiaceae
G3G4/S1
BLM/USPS
Moderate
Beav (5)
Not in Dorn
Alnus rubra
Red Alder
Betulaceae
G5/S1
NA
Line (1), Sand (4)
Not in Dorn
Ammannia robusta
{A. coccinea ssp. robusta)
Scarlet Ammannia
Lythraceae
G5/SH
**
Garf(l), Phil(l),
Unknown (1)
Amorpha canescens
Lead Plant
Fabaceae
G5/SH
BLM
**
Cart (1), Rose (2)
Antennaria densifolia
Dense-leaved Antennaria
Asteraceae
G3/S1
USPS
Low
Deer (1), Gran (1)
Not in Dorn
Aquilegia brevistyla
Short-styled Columbine
Ranunculaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low?
Judi(12), Swee(l)
Aquilegia formosa
Sitka Columbine
Ranunculaceae
G5/S1S2
BLM
Low?
Beav (7), Madi (1)
Arabis demissa
Daggett Rockcress
Brassicaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (5)
Not in Dorn
Arabis fecunda
Sapphire Rockcress
Brassicaceae
G2/S2
BLM/USPS
Moderate
Beav(7),Rava(5),Silv(10)
X
Not in Dorn
Arabis kamchatica
(A. lyrata var. kamchatica)
Kamchatica Rockcress
Brassicaceae
G5/SH
**
Plat(l)
Not in Dorn
Arctostaphylos patula
Green-leaf Manzanita
Ericaceae
G4/S1
High?
Lake (2), Sand (1)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Asdepias incamata
Swamp Milkweed
Asclepiadaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb(2),Fall(l)
Asdepias ovalifolia
Ovalleaf Milkweed
Asclepiadaceae
G57/S1
USPS
NA
Cart(l), Sher(l)
Not in Dorn
Asdepias stenophylla
Narrowleaf Milkweed
Asclepiadaceae
G4G5/S1
BLM
NA
Cart (5), Rose (1)
Aster frondosus
{Symphotrichumfrondosum, Brachyactis frondosa)
Alkali Aster
Asteraceae
G4/SH
**
Sand(l)
Aster ptarmic aides
{Solidago ptannicoides, Oligoneuron album)
Prairie Aster
Asteraceae
G5/S1
NA
Cart (1), Rich (1)
Astragalus aretioides
(A. serioleucus var. aretioides)
Sweetwater Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Bigh(l),Carb(5)
A. serioleucus in part in Dom
Astragalus barrii
Barr's Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G3/S3
BLM/USFS
Low-Mod
Bigh(3),Cart(l),
Powd (22), Rose (17)
Astragalus ceramicus var. apus
Painted Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4T3/S1
BLM
Moderate
Beav(l)
3 named varieties, 2 known to
occur in MT
Astragalus convallarius
(A. diversifolius)
Lesser Rushy Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S2
BLM
Moderate
Beav(2), Broa(2),Jeff(2),
Lewi (10)
Astragalus geyeri
Geyer's Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4/S2
BLM
NA
Carb(7),Garf(l)
Astragalus grayi
Gray's Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G47/S1S2
BLM
NA
Carb (8)
Astragalus lackschewitzii
Lackschewitz' Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G2/S2
USPS
Low
Teto (8)
X
Not in Dorn
Astragalus oreganus
Wind River Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G47/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (5)
Astragalus racemosus
Raceme Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S2
NA
Cart (7), Pall (1)
Astragalus scaphoides
Bitterroot Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G3/S2
BLM/USFS
NA
Beav (20)
Astragalus terminalis
Railhead Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G3/S2
BLM
NA
Beav (7), Madi (3)
Athysanus pusillus
Sand weed
Brassicaceae
G4/S1
USPS
Moderate
Rava (8)
Atriplex truncata
Wedge-leaved Saltbush
Chenopodiaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav (2), Deer (1), Jeff (1),
Lake (1), Lewi (1), Park (1)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Bacopa rotundifolia
Roundleaf Water-hyssop
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S1
NA
Casc(l), Ferg(l),Garf(l),
Phil(l)
Balsamorhiza hookeri
Hooker's Balsam-root
Asteraceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l)
Not in Dorn
Balsamorhiza macrophylla
Large-leaved Balsam-root
Asteraceae
G3G5/S2
BLM/USFS
Low
Beav(3),Gall(3), Madi(l)
Bidens beckii
(Megalodonta beckii)
Beck Water-marigold
Asteraceae
G4G5/S2
BLM/USFS
Moderate
Flat (5), Lake (1), Line (1),
Miss (4)
Boisduvalia densiflora
(Epilobiuin densiflomm)
Dense Spike-primrose
Onagraceae
G5/SH
**
Sand(l)
Brasenia schreberi
Watershield
Nymphaeaceae
G5/S1S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Flat (2), Lake (1), Line (3),
Miss (2)
Braya humilis
Low Braya
Brassicaceae
G5/S1
BLM
Low
Beav (2)
Not in Dorn
Brickellia oblongifolia
Mohave Brickellbush
Asteraceae
G5/S1
Low
Park(l),Silv(3)
Camissonia andina
{Oenothera andina)
Obscure Evening-primrose
Onagraceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (6), Miss (1)
Camissonia parvula
Small Camissonia
Onagraceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (2)
Not in Dorn
Camissonia suhacaulis
(Oenothera suhacaulis)
Long-leaf Suncup
Onagraceae
G5/S2S3
NA
GalL Jeff, Madi, Powe, Silv
Cardamine oligosperma var. kamtschatica
Few-seeded Bittercress
Brassicaceae
G5T3T5/S1
NA
Flat(l), Rava(l)
2 named varieties, both occur in
MT
Cardamine rupicola
Cliff Toothwort
Brassicaceae
G3/S3
Very Low
Flat (1), Lake (3), Lewis (5),
Miss (9), Powe (I)
X
Castilleja cervina
Deer Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G4/SH
**
Flat(l), Miss (1), Powe (1)
Castilleja covilleana
Coville Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G3G4/S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Rava (23)
Castilleja crista-galli
Mountainside Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G47/S1
NA
Beav (1), Madi (1)
Castilleja exilis
(C. minor ssp. minor)
Annual Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S2
NA
Broa(2), Deer(2),Gall(l),
Jeff (1), Madi (8), Park (1)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Montana
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Endemic
Notes
Castilleja gracillinia
Scrophulariaceae
G3G4Q/S2
NA
Gall(9), Madi(2), Park(l)
(C. miniata ssp. miniata)
Slender Indian Paintbrush
Ceanothus herbaceus
Rhamnaceae
G5/SH
^J*
Powd (1)
New Jersey Tea
Celastms scandens
Celastraceae
G5/S1
NA
Daws (1)
Bittersweet
Centaurium exaltatum
Gentianaceae
G5/SH
**
Bigh(l)
Western Centuary
Centunculus minimus
Primulaceae
G5/S2
BLM
NA
Casc(l), Lake (1), Miss (1),
(Anagallis minima)
Phil(l),Rava(5), Sher(3),
Cliaffweed
Vall(l)
Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber
Rosaceae
G5T3T5/S1S2
NA
Trea (2)
7 named varieties, 2 known to
Birciileaf Mountain-mahogany
occur in MT
Chenopodium subglabnim
Chenopodiaceae
G3G4/S 1
NA
Cart (1), Case (1), Cust (1),
Smooth Goosefoot
Powd(l), Sher(l)
Chrysothamnus parryi ssp. montanus
Asteraceae
G5T1/S1
NA
Beav(l)
Not in Dorn. Only variety
(Ericameria parryi var. montana)
known to occur in MT
Parry's Mountain Rabbitbrush
Cirsium brevistylum
Asteraceae
G4/S1S2
NA
Flat (1), Mine (3), Sand (8)
Short-styled Thistle
Cirsium longistylum
Asteraceae
G3/S3
BLM
Moderate
Broa(lO), Casc(ll),
X
Long-styled Thistle
Ferg(l),Judi(ll),Lewi(3),
Meag (30), Whea (3)
Clarkia rhomboidea
Onagraceae
G5/S2
USFS
NA
Line (2), Sand (14)
Common Clarkia
Claytonia arenicola
Portulacaceae
G4/S1
USPS
NA
Sand(l)
Not in Dorn
Sand Springbeauty
Cleome lutea
Capparaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (6)
Yellow Bee Plant
Collomia debilis var. camporum
Polemoniaceae
G5T2/S2
NA
NA
3 named varieties, all occur
Flexible Alpine Collomia
inMT
Collomia tinctoria
Polemoniaceae
G5/S1
NA
Lake(l),Rava(l)
Yellow-staining Collomia
Corydalis sempervirens
Fumariaceae
G4G5/S2
USFS
Low-Mod
Flat(13), Glac(2),Linc(l),
Pale Corydalis
Powe (1)
Cryptanthafendleri
Boraginaceae
G4/S2
BLM
Low
Beav(l), Sher(2)
Fendler Cat's-eye
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
10
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Montana
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Endemic
Notes
Cryptantha humilis
Boraginaceae
G47/SH
;I:;i;
Beav(2), Park(lj
Round-headed Cryptantha
Cryptantha scoparia
Boraginaceae
G47/S1
BLM
NA
Carb(l)
Not in Dom
Miner's Candle
Dalea enneandra
Fabaceae
G5/S1
NA
Cust(2),Pall(l),Rich(l)
Nine-anther Dalea
Dalea villosa
Fabaceae
G5/S1
NA
Cart(2), Rich(l), Sher(l)
Silky Prairie Clover
Delphinium bicolor ssp. calcicola
Ranunculaceae
G4G5T3/S3
NA
Broa(2),Jeff(3)
X
2 named subspecies, both occur
Limestone Larkspur
inMT
Downingia laeta
Campanulaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l), Lewi(2), Teto(3)
Great Basin Downingia
Draba crassa
Brassicaceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Thick-leaf Whitlow-grass
Draba daviesiae
Brassicaceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
X
Not in Dorn. D. apiculata in
(D. apiculata var. daviesiae)
part in Dorn
Bitterroot Draba
Draba densifolia
Brassicaceae
G5/S2
Low-Mod
Beav(l), Plat(l),Glac(4),
Dense-leaf Draba
Jeff(4), Lewi(3), Park(l),
Pond (1), Powe (2), Silv (1),
Swee(l)
Draba fladnizensis
Brassicaceae
G4/S1
NA
Deer(l),Madi(l), Stil(l)
White Arctic Draba
Draba globosa
Brassicaceae
G3/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (1), Madi (3)
Not in Dorn
Round-fruited Draba
Draba macounii
Brassicaceae
G3G4/S1
NA
Plat (2), Glac (4)
Not in Dom
Macoun's Draba
Draba porsildii
Brassicaceae
G3G4/S1
NA
Carb(4), Madi(l)
Porslid's Draba
Draba ventosa
Brassicaceae
G3/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (1), Madi (3)
Wind River Draba
Drosera anglica
Droseraceae
G5/S2S3
USPS
Low
Plat (9), Lake (3), Lewi (2),
English Sundew
Line (4), Madi (1), Miss (4),
Park (1), Powe (l),Rava(l)
Sand(l)
Drosera linearis
Droseraceae
G4/S1
USPS
Low
Plat(l), Lewi(2), Powe(l)
Not in Dorn
Linear-leaved Sundew
Dryas integrifolia
Rosaceae
G5/S1
Low
Perg(2),Gold(l)
Entire-leaved Avens
1
11
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Erigeron allocotus
Big Horn Fleabane
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron aspemgineus
Idaho Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM/USFS
NA
Beav(5),Madi(l), Rava(2)
Erigeron eatonii
Eaton's Daisy
Asteraceae
G5/S1
NA
Lake(l),Swee(l)
Erigeron evermannii
Everman Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S1
USPS
NA
Rava (2)
Erigeron flab ellif alius
Fan-leaved Fleabane
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron forniosissimus
Beautiful Fleabane
Asteraceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l),Carb(l),Deer(l),
Madi(l), Park (1), Rava (1)
Erigeron lackschewitzii
(E. ochroleucus in part)
Lackschewitz' Fleabane
Asteraceae
G3/S2
USPS
NA
Flat (5), Glac (1), Lewi (4),
Pond (2), Teto (8)
Would key to E. ochroleucus in
Dorn
Erigeron leiomerus
Smooth Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S1
NA
Beav (1), Madi (1)
Not in Dorn
Erigeron linearis
Linear-leaf Fleabane
Asteraceae
G5/S1
BLM
Low-Mod
Beav(2), Lewi(2),Park(l),
Rava(l),Silv(l)
Erigeron parryi
Parry's Fleabane
Asteraceae
G2/S2
BLM
NA
Beav (4), Jeff (2), Madi (4)
X
Would key to E. ochroleucus in
Dorn
Erigeron radicatus
Taprooted Fleabane
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron tener
Slender Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S1
NA
Beav(l)
Eriogonum brevicaule var. canum
(E. lagopus, E. paucifloruni var. canum)
Rabbit Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G3T3/S3
NA
NA
Not in Dorn
Eriogonum caespitosum
Mat Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (5)
Eriogonum capistratum van muhlickii
Muhlick's Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G4T3/S3
NA
NA
X
Not in Dorn. 3 named varieties,
this is the only var. in MT
Eriogonum salsuginosum
(Stenogonum salsuginosum)
Smooth Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G47/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (2)
Not in Dorn
Eriogonum soliceps
Railroad Canyon Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G2/S2
BLM
NA
Beav (10), Deer (1)
Not in Dorn
Eriogonum visheri
Visher's Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G3/S1
BLM
Very Low
Cart (1)
Not in Dorn
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
12
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Eupatorium maculatum
(Eupatoriadelphus maculatus)
Spotted Joepye-weed
Asteraceae
G5/S1S2
NA
Bigh(5),Carb(l),Yell(l)
Eupatorium occidentale
{Ageratina occidentalis)
Western Joepye-weed
Asteraceae
G4/S2
BLM/USFS
Low
Beav (1), Mine (1), Rava (8)
Euphrasia subarctica
(E. disjuncta, E. arctica var. disjuncta)
Arctic Eyebright
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S1
Low
Glac (3)
Eustoma grandiflorum
(E. russellianum, E. exaltatum ssp. russellianum)
Showy Prairie-gentian
Gentianaceae
G5/S1
High?
McCo (1)
Not in Dom
Gentiana glauca
Glaucous Gentian
Gentianaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Plat(l)
Gentianopsis macounii
(Gentianella crinita)
Macoun's Gentian
Gentianaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Glac (2), Teto (2)
Gentianella crinita in Dom
Gentianopsis simplex
{Gentiana simplex, Gentianella simplex)
Hiker's Gentian
Gentianaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Beav(4), Garb (1), Miss (1)
Not in Dorn
Githopsis specularioides
(G calycina)
Common Blue-cup
Campanulaceae
G5/S1
NA
Sand(l)
Not in Dorn
Glossopetalon spinescens
(G nevadense)
Spiny Greenbush
Celastraceae
G5/S1
USPS
Moderate
Rava(l)
Not in Dom
Gratiola ebracteata
Bractless Hedge-hyssop
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S1
NA
Plat(l), Glac(4), Teto(l)
Grayia spinosa
Spiny Hopsage
Chenopodiaceae
G5/S2
BLM
NA
Garb (10), Park (1)
Grindelia howellii
Howell's Gum-weed
Asteraceae
G3/S2S3
BLM/USPS
High
Miss (40), Powe (25)
Gymnosteris pan'ula
Small-flower Gymnosteris
Polemoniaceae
G4/SH
**
Gall(l)
Halimolobos perplexa
Puzzling Rockcress
Brassicaceae
G4/S1
Low-Mod
Rava (4)
X
Not in Dorn
Haplopappus aberrans
{Tonestus aberrans)
Idaho Goldenweed
Asteraceae
G3/S1
USPS
Low
Rava (4)
Not in Dorn
13
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Haplopappus carthamoides var. subsqiiarrosus
{Pyrrocoma c. var. subsquarrosa)
Beartooth Large-flowered Goldenweed
Asteraceae
G4G5T2T3/S1S2
BLM/USFS
NA
Carb (7)
3 named varieties,
occur in MT
2 known to
Haplopappus macronema var. macronema
{Ericameria discoidea var. discoidea)
Discoid Goldenweed
Asteraceae
G4G5T4/S1
USPS
NA
Beav(l),Gall(l)
2 named varieties.
both in MT
Haplopappus nanus
(Ericameria nana)
Dwarf Goldenweed
Asteraceae
G5/SH
**
Beav(l)
Haplopappus pygmaeus
{Tonestus pygmaeus)
Pygmy Goldenweed
Asteraceae
G4/SH
**
Deer (1), Gall (1)
Heterocodon rariflorum
Western Pearl-flower
Campanulaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low-Mod
Line (3), Rava (4), Sand (7)
Howellia aquatilis
Water Howellia
Campanulaceae
G3/S2
Threatened
Moderate
Lake (43), Miss (95)
Hutchinsia procumbens
Hutchinsia
Brassicaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav(2),Carb(2), Powe(l)
Idahoa scapigera
Scalepod
Brassicaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Flat (1), Rava (5)
Ipomoea leptophylla
Bush Morning-glory
Convolvulaceae
G3G5/S1S2
NA
NA
Ipomopsis congesta ssp. crebrifolia
BallheadGilia
Polemoniaceae
G5T3T4/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (4)
8 named varieties,
occur in MT
3 known to
Ipomopsis minutiflora
{Gilia minutiflora)
Small-flower Standing-cypress
Polemoniaceae
G4/S1
NA
Rava(l)
Not in Dorn
Kalmia polifolia
Pale Laurel
Ericaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Flat (4), Miss (1)
Not in Dorn
Kelloggia galioides
KeUoggia
Rubiaceae
G5/SH
^j*
Mine (1)
Kochia americana
{Bassia americana)
Red Sage
Chenopodiaceae
G5/S1
BLM
Moderate
Beav (3)
Koenigia islandica
Island Koenigia
Polygonaceae
G4/S1
NA
Carb (5)
Lagophylla ramosissima
Slender Hareleaf
Asteraceae
G5/S1
Low?
Sand (3)
Not in Dorn
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
14
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Montana
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Endemic
Notes
Lathyrus bijugatus
Fabaceae
G4/S1
USPS
NA
Plat (1), Plat (1), Line (1)
Latah Tule Pea
Leptodactylon caespitosum
Polemoniaceae
G4/S2
BLM
NA
Carb (13)
Leptodactylon
Lesquerella carinata var. languida
Brassicaceae
G3G4T1/S1
BLM
NA
Gran (3)
X
2 named varieties, both occur in
Garnet Bladderpod
MT
Lesquerella douglasii
Brassicaceae
G47/S1
Low
Line (1)
Not in Dom
Douglas Lesquerella
Lesquerella humilis
Brassicaceae
Gl/Sl
USPS
Low
Rava (4)
X
Not in Dorn
Bitterroot Bladderpod
Lesquerella klausii
Brassicaceae
G3/S3
Low
Broa(l),Lewi(33),
X
Not in Dom
Divide Bladderpod
Meag (4)
Lesquerella lesicii
Brassicaceae
Gl/Sl
BLM
Moderate
Carb (3)
X
Not in Dom
Lesica's Bladderpod
Lesquerella pay sonii
Brassicaceae
G3/S1
USPS
NA
Beav (1), Gran (1)
Not in Dom
Payson Bladderpod
Lesquerella pulchella
Brassicaceae
G2/S2
BLM/USPS
NA
Beav(14)
X
Not in Dom
Beautiful Bladderpod
Lewisia Columbiana
Portulacaceae
G4/S1
NA
Rava(l)
Columbia Lewisia
Lewisia pygmaea var. nevadensis
Portulacaceae
G5T4/S1
NA
Beav (1), Deer (1), Rava (3)
Typical L. pygmaea also
inMT
(L. nevadensis)
Nevada Lewisia
Lobelia spicata
Campanulaceae
G5/S1
NA
Rich(l), Sher(3)
Pale-spiked Lobelia
Lomatium attenuatum
Apiaceae
G3/S2
BLM
NA
Beav(lO), Madi(l)
Not in Dorn
Taper-tip Desert-parsley
Lomatium geyeri
Apiaceae
G4/S2
USPS
Moderate
Line (9)
Geyer's Biscuitroot
Lomatium nuttallii
Apiaceae
G3/S1
BLM
Low-Mod
Bigh(2),Rose(l)
Not in Dom
Nuttall's Desert-parsley
Lomatogonium rotatum
Gentianaceae
G5/S1
BLM
Low
Beav (2)
Felwort
Malacothrix torreyi
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (5)
Desert Dandelion
Mentzelia montana
Loasaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (1), Cust (1)
White -bract Stickleaf
15
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Mentzelia nuda
Bractless Mentzelia
Loasaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Cust (2), Daws (1),
Powd (3), Roos(l),
Rose (1), Vail (1)
Mentzelia pumila
Dwarf Mentzelia
Loasaceae
G4/S2
BLM
NA
Carb (16)
Mertensia bella
Oregon Bluebells
Boraginaceae
G4/S1
USFS
Low
Miss (3)
Mimulus breviflorus
Short-flowered Monkeyflower
S crophulariaceae
G4/S1S2
USFS
NA
Flat (2), Line (4)
Not in Dorn
Mimulus nanus
Dwarf Purple Monkeyflower
S crophulariaceae
G5/S1
USFS
Low
Gall (3), Rava (4)
Mimulus patulus
(M. washingtonensis)
Washington Monkeyflower
S crophulariaceae
G3Q/S1
BLM/USFS
NA
Flat (5), Line (1)
Not in Dorn
Mimulus primuloides
Primrose Monkeyflower
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S2
USFS
Low
Beav(ll),Rava(2)
Mimulus ringens
Square-stem Monkeyflower
S crophulariaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Casc(2),Chou(4), Ferg(l)
Not in Dorn
Nama densum
Nama
Hydrophyllaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Carb (1)
Not in Dorn
Nuttallanthus texanus
{Linaria canadensis var. texana)
Blue Toadflax
Scrophulariaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Cart (1), Daws (1)
Not in Dorn
Nymphaea tetragona ssp. leibergii
{N. leibergii)
Pygmy Water-lily
Nymphaeaceae
G5T5/S 1
Low-Mod
Flat(3), Lake (1), Miss (1)
N. tetragona in part in Dorn
Orogenia fusiformis
Tapered-root Orogenia
Apiaceae
G5/S2
BLM/USFS
Low
Beav (2), Madi (4), Miss (1),
Rava (10)
Not in Dorn. Would incorrectly
key to O. linearifolia in Dorn
Oxytropis campestris var. Columbiana
Columbia Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G5T3/S1
High
Lake (6)
10 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT
Oxytropis deflexa var. foliolosa
Pendent-pod Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G5T3T5/S1
NA
Madi (1)
3 named varieties, 2 known to
occur in MT
Oxytropis lagopus var. conjugens
Rabbit-foot Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G4G5T3/S3
NA
NA
Oxytropis parry i
Parry's Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l)
Oxytropis podocarpa
Stalked-pod Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G4/S1
USFS
NA
Glac (1), Teto (4)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
16
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Papaver kluanensis
(P. radicatum var. kluanense)
Alpine Poppy
Papaveraceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb(2), Swee(l)
Papaver pygmaeum
{P. radicatum var. pygmaeum)
Alpine Glacier Poppy
Papaveraceae
G3/S1
NA
Flat(4),Glac(12)
Pedicularis contorta var. ctenophora
Coil-beaked Lousewort
Scrophulariaceae
G5T3/S3
NA
Beav(3), Madi(l)
3 named varieties, all occur
inMT
Pedicularis contorta var. rubicunda
Coil-beaked Lousewort
Scrophulariaceae
G5T3/S3
NA
Rava (7)
3 named varieties, all occur
inMT
Pedicularis crenulata
Meadow Lousewort
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S1
BLM
Moderate
Beav (2)
Not in Dorn
Penstemon angustifolius
Narrowleaf Penstemon
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S1S2
BLM
NA
Cart(lO), Fall (1), Miss (1)
Penstemon attenuatus var. militaris
Taper-leaved Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G4T4/SH
**
Rava(l)
4 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT
Penstemon caryi
Cary 's Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G3/S3
NA
Carb
Penstemon flavescens
Yellow Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G3/S3
NA
Rava, Mine
Penstemon globosus
Globe Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S1
NA
Gran (1)
Not in Dorn
Penstemon grandiflorus
Large Flowered Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G57/S1
NA
Cust (1)
Not in Dorn
Penstemon lemhiensis
Lemhi Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G3/S3
BLM/USFS
Moderate
Beav (56), Deer (7),
Rava (29), Silv (3)
Penstemon payettensis
Payette Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S1
USPS
Mod-High
Rava (2)
Penstemon whippleanus
Whipple's Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav(l), Madi(l)
Petasites frigidus
Palmate-leaved Coltsfoot
Asteraceae
G5/S1
NA
Flat(4),Glac(l)
Not in Dorn
Phacelia incana
Hoary Phacelia
Hydrophyllaceae
G3G4/S2
BLM
NA
Beav (7)
Not in Dorn
Phacelia scopulina
{P. lutea var. scopulina)
Dwarf Phacelia
Hydrophyllaceae
G4/SH
**
Beav?, Madi? or Silv? (1)
Phacelia thermalis
Hot Spring Phacelia
Hydrophyllaceae
G3G4/S1
NA
Ferg(l), Garf(l), Phil(l),
Vall(l)
17
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Montana
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Endemic
Notes
Phlox andicola
Polemoniaceae
G4/S2
BLM
NA
Cart (3), Daws (1),
Plains Phlox
Powd(l), Rose(l), Sher(4)
Phlox kelseyi var. missoulensis
Polemoniaceae
G4T2/S2
USPS
Low-Mod
Case (3), Gran (3), Judi (2),
X
Not in Dorn
(P. missoulensis)
Lewi (3), Meag (4),
Missoula Phlox
Miss (2), Powe (3)
Physaria brassicoides
Brassicaceae
G5/S2
BLM
Low
Cart (4), Cust (1), Petr (1),
Double Bladderpod
Powd (3)
Physaria didymocarpa var. lanata
Brassicaceae
G5T2/S1
BLM
Moderate
Bigh (2), Rose (3)
3 named varieties, 2 known to
Woolly Twinpod
occur in MT
Physaria saximontana var. dentata
Brassicaceae
G3T3/S3
NA
Park(l), Silv(l)
X
Not in Dorn. 2 named varieties,
Rocky Mountain Twinpod
only 1 var. known to occur in MT
Plagiobothrys leptocladus
Boraginaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (1), Cust (1), Glac (1),
Slender-branched Popcorn-flower
Phil (1)
Polygonum douglasii ssp. austinae
Polygonaceae
G5T4/S2S3
USPS
Low
Broa (4), Plat (2), Lewi (6),
7 named subspecies, 6 known to
(P. austinae)
Madi (2), Meag (1), Park (1),
occur in MT
Austin's Knotweed
Pond(l), Powe(2),Teto(l)
Polygonum polygaloides ssp. confertiflorum
Polygonaceae
G4G5T3T4/S1S2
NA
Glac (1), Sand (1)
4 named subspecies, 3 known to
(P. confertiflorum)
occur in MT
Dense-flowered Knotweed
Potentilla brevifolia
Rosaceae
G4/S1
NA
Madi (1)
Short-leaved Cinquefoil
Potentilla nana
Rosaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Carb (2)
Not in Dorn
(P. hyparctica, P. flabellifolia van emarginata)
Low Arctic Cinquefoil
Potentilla plattensis
Rosaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (l),Carb? or Bigh? (1)
Platte Cinquefoil
Potentilla quinquefolia
Rosaceae
G4/S1
USPS
NA
Plat (2), Glac (3), Madi (3),
(P. nivea var. pentaphylla)
Park (1), Pond (1)
Five-leaf Cinquefoil
Potentilla uniflora
Rosaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb (1), Plat (1), Glac (3),
One-flowered Cinquefoil
Gran (1)
Primula alcalina
Primulaceae
G2/S1
BLM/USPS
Moderate
Beav (2)
Not in Dorn
Idaho Primrose
Primula incana
Primulaceae
G4G5/S2
BLM/USPS
Moderate
Beav (9), Broa (1), Carb (1),
Mealy Primrose
Deer (2), Gall (2), Jeff (1),
Madi (6), Sher (1), Teto (1)
Primus pumila
Rosaceae
G5/S1
Moderate
Pall(l), McCo(l)
Sand Cherry
Psilocarphus hrevissimus
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Casc(l), Petr(l), Phil(2),
Dwarf Woolly-heads
Sand (2)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
18
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Montana
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Endemic
Notes
Psoralea hypogaea
Fabaceae
G5/S2S3
NA
Cart(l), Casc(2), Chou(l),
{Pediomelum hypogaeum)
Perg(2), Gold(l), Powd(l),
Indian Breadroot
Rose (4)
Quercus macrocarpa
Fagaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Cart(l)
Bur Oak
Ranunculus cardiophyllus
Ranunculaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Glac(5), Swee(lXTool(2)
Heart-leaved Buttercup
Ranunculus gelidus
Ranunculaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Stil(l)
(R. karelinii)
Arctic Buttercup
Ranunculus hyperboreus
Ranunculaceae
G5/S1
NA
Deer(l), Madi(l)
High-arctic Buttercup
Ranunculus jovis
Ranunculaceae
G4/S2
USPS
Low
Beav(6),Carb(l), Gall(2),
Jove's Buttercup
Madi (3), Park (1)
Ranunculus orthorhynchus
Ranunculaceae
G5/SH
**
Deer(l), Gran (1), Mine (1)
Straightbeak Buttercup
Ranunculus pedatifidus
Ranunculaceae
G5/S1
NA
Chou(l), Glac(2),Gran(l),
Northern Buttercup
Libe(l),Tool(l)
Ranunculus verecundus
Ranunculaceae
G5/S2
NA
Deer(l), Flat(l), Glac(4),
Timberline Buttercup
Madi (2)
Ribes laxiflorum
Grossulariaceae
G5/S1
NA
Linc(l)
Not in Dorn
Trailing Black Currant
Ribes triste
Grossulariaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav (1), Deer (1), Gran (1),
Swamp Red Currant
Mine(l), Rava(l)
Ribes velutinum
Grossulariaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l)
Not in Dorn
Desert Gooseberry
Rorippa calycina
Brassicaceae
G3/S1
BLM
Moderate
Bigh(l), Cust(l), McCo(l)
Persistent-sepal Yellow-cress
Rose (l),Trea(l), Yell (1)
Rotala ramosior
Lythraceae
G5/S1
NA
Lake(l), Miss(2), Rava(2)
Toothcup
Sagina nivalis
Caryophyllaceae
G5/S1
Very Low
Glac(l)
Not in Dorn
Arctic Pearlwort
Salix barrattiana
SaUcaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Carb(l),Glac(l)
Barratt's Willow
Salix cascadensis
SaUcaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Deer (1), Gran (1)
Cascade's Willow
Salix serissima
Salicaceae
G4/S2
Low
Glac(6), Meag(l),Teto(2)
Autumn Willow
19
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Satureja douglasii
(Clinopodium douglasii)
YerbaBuena
Lamiaceae
G4/S2
NA
Miss (7), Rava (1), Sand (7)
Saussurea densa
Dwarf Saw-wort
Asteraceae
G4/S1S2
NA
Flat (2), Lewi (1), Pond (1),
Teto (7)
Saussurea weberi
Weber's Saw-wort
Asteraceae
G2G3/S1
USPS
NA
Deer (1), Gran (1)
Saxifraga apetala
(S. integrifolia var. apetala)
Tiny Swamp Saxifrage
Saxifragaceae
G3Q/S1
Very Low
Beav(l),Carb(l)
S. integrifolia in part in Dom
Saxifraga hirculus
Yellow Marsh Saxifrage
Saxifragaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb (1)
Saxifraga tempestiva
Storm Saxifrage
Saxifragaceae
G2/S2
USPS
Very low
Beav(l),Deer(7),Gran(4),
Gran (4), Madi (1), Rava (3)
X
Senecio amplectens
Clasping Groundsel
Asteraceae
G4/S1
NA
Carb (1)
2 named varieties, only var.
holmii is in MT
Senecio eremophilus
Desert Ragwort
Asteraceae
G5/S1S2
NA
Bigh(l),Hill(2),Park(l),
Phil(l)
3 named varieties, only the typic
variety in MT
Senecio spribillei
Spribille's Groundsel
Asteraceae
Gl/Sl
Very Low
Linc(l)
X
Not in Dorn
Shoshonea pulvinata
Shoshonea
Apiaceae
G2G3/S1
BLM/USFS
Low
Carb (4)
Not in Dorn
Sidalcea oregana
Oregon Checker-mallow
Malvaceae
G5/S1
High
Gall (1), Lake (1)
Silene spaldingii
Spalding's Campion
Caryophyllaceae
G2/S1
Threatened
High
Flat (7), Lake (1), Line (4),
Sand (4)
Solidago sparsiflora
(5. velutina)
Few-flowered Goldenrod
Asteraceae
G57/S1
ELM
NA
Garf(l)
Sphaeralcea munroana
White-stemmed Globe-mallow
Malvaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (5)
Sphaeromeria argentea
Chicken Sage
Asteraceae
G3G4/S2S3
BLM
NA
Beav(17)
Sphaeromeria capitata
Rock-tansy
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Stellaria crassifolia
Fleshy Stitchwort
Caryophyllaceae
G5/S1
Low
Beav (1), Carb (1), Deer (1),
Sand(l)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
20
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Stellariajamesiana
(Pseudostellariajamesiana)
James' Stitchwort
Caryophyllaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (2)
Stephanomeria spinosa
{Lygodesmia spinosa)
Spiny Skeletonweed
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM
Low
Beav (1), Madi (5)
Suckleya suckleyana
Poison Suckleya
Chenopodiaceae
G5/S1
NA
Daws (1), Roos (1),
Muss (1), Vail (1)
SulUvantia hapemanii
Wyoming Sullivantia
Saxifragaceae
G3/S2
BLM
NA
Bigh (6), Carb (4)
Synthyris canbyi
Mission Mountain Kittentails
Scrophulariaceae
G3/S3
Low
Lake (6), Miss (7)
X
Taraxacum eriophorum
Rocky Mountain Dandelion
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM
Low
Beav (3), Gran (1), Madi (1)
Park(l)
Thalictrum alpinum
Alpine Meadowrue
Ranunculaceae
G5/S2
BLM/USFS
Low
Beav (9), Deer (2)
Thelypodium paniculatum
Northwestern Thelypody
Brassicaceae
G2/SH
BLM
Hs*
Beav(l)
Thelypodium sagittatum
Slender Thelypody
Brassicaceae
G4/S2
BLM
NA
Beav (16), Gall (2)
Only the typic variety is known
inMT
Thlaspi parviflorum
Small-flowered Pennycress
Brassicaceae
G3/S2
BLM
Low
Beav (7), Carb (2), Madi (5)
Park(l), Silv(2)
Townsendia condensata
Cushion Townsendia
Asteraceae
G4/S1
BLM
Low
Glac(3), Park(l)
Townsendia florifera
Showy Townsendia
Asteraceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav (2), Madi (1)
Not in Dom
Townsendia nuttallii
Nuttall's Townsend-daisy
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
NA
Not in Dorn
Townsendia spathulata
Sword Townsendia
Asteraceae
G3/S3
NA
Beav(7),Broa(l),Carb(7),
Madi (1), Silv (1)
Trifolium eriocephalum
Woolly-head Clover
Fabaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Moderate
Rava (8)
Trifolium gymnocarpon
Hollyleaf Clover
Fabaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Moderate
Gran(l), Rava(3)
Utricularia intermedia
Flat-leaved Bladderwort
Lentibulariaceae
G5/S1S2
USPS
NA
Plat(3), Linc(2), Miss(l),
Powe (1)
Vaccinium myrtilloides
Velvetleaf Blueberry
Ericaceae
G5/S1
Moderate
Flat (3)
21
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Viburnum lentago
Nannyberry
Caprifoliaceae
G5/S1
NA
Bigh(2),Rich(l), Roos(l)
Viguiera multiflora
{Heliomeris multiflora)
Many-flowered Viguiera
Asteraceae
G4G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav(l),Gall(l)
Viola selkirkii
Great Spurred Violet
Violaceae
G57/S1
USPS
NA
Line (3)
Not in Dom
Waldsteinia idahoensis
Idaho Barren-strawberry
Rosaceae
G3/S1
USPS
Moderate
Miss (1)
Not in Dom
Zizia aurea
Golden Alexanders
Apiaceae
G5/SH
**
Jeff (2)
Flowering Plants - Monocots (Liliopsida)
Acorus americanus
(A. calamus)
Sweetflag
Araceae
G5/SH
**
Flat (1), Lake (1)
A. calamus in Dom
Allium acuminatum
Tapertip Onion
Liliaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Madi(l), Rava(l), Sand(l)
Allium columbianum
Columbia Onion
Liliaceae
G3/S1
Moderate
Sand(l)
Not in Dom
Allium parvum
Small Onion
Liliaceae
G5/S2S3
USPS
Moderate
Beav(l),Rava(37)
Allium simillimum
Dwarf Onion
Liliaceae
G4/S1
NA
Gall(l),Rava(4)
Amerorchis rotundifolia
{Orchis rotundifolia)
Round-leaved Orchis
Orchidaceae
G5/S2S3
BLM/USFS
Low-Mod
Flat(4),Glac(l),Lake(l),
Lewi (7), Line (5), Pond (1),
Powe (3), Teto (6)
Calamagrostis tweedyi
Cascade Reedgrass
Poaceae
G3/S3
NA
Mine (12), Miss (1),
Rava (3), Sand (3)
Calochortus bruneaunis
Bruneau Mariposa Lily
Liliaceae
G5/SH
**
Beav(l)
Carex amplifolia
Big-leaf Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/S1
USPS
NA
Sand(l)
Carex chordorrhiza
Creeping Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
USPS
NA
Flat (5), Line (2), Powe (1)
Carex comosa
Bristly Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
Mod-High
Flat (1)
Not in Dom
Carex crawei
Crawe's Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
BLM
NA
Casc(l), Pond(2), Powe(l),
Prai (1), Teto (3)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
22
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Carex gravida
Pregnant Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1S2
Low-Mod
Bigh(3), Cart(l), Powd(l),
Rose (1)
Carex idahoa
(C. parryana ssp. idahoa)
Idaho Sedge
Cyperaceae
G2G3/S2S3
BLM/USFS
Low-Mod
Beav(30), Madi(l),
Powe (1), Silv (7)
C parryana in part in Dorn
Carex incurvifor?nis
Maritime Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4G5/S1
Low
Deer(l), Glac(l), Madi(l),
Teto (2)
Carex lacustris
Lake-bank Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Flat (1), Lake (3)
Not in Dorn
Carex lenticularis var. dolia
Goose-grass Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5T3Q/S1
Low
Flat(3), Glac(2), Park(l)
5 named varieties, 3 known to
occur in MT
Carex multicostata
Many-ribbed Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(2), Gall(2),Park(l)
Carex non'egica ssp. stevenii
Steven's Scandinavian Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5TNR/S 1
NA
Beav(l),Deer(l)
2 varieties recognized by NRCS
PLANTS database, both in MT
Carex occidentalis
Western Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/SH
t--Jr-
Beav (2)
Carex petricosa
Rock Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/S1
Moderate?
Glac (2)
Carex prairea
Prairie Sedge
Cyperaceae
G57/S2
USFS
NA
Flat (2), Line (4)
Not in Dorn
Carex rostrata
Beaked Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Flat(l), Line (1), Miss (1)
Not C rostrata as listed in Dorn
Carex scoparia
Pointed Broom Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1S2
NA
Miss (5), Rava (3)
Carex stenoptila
Small-winged Sedge
Cyperaceae
G2/S1S2
NA
Carb(2),Flat(l), Gall(l),
Madi(l),Rava(2), Stil(l),
Swee (2)
Carex sychnocephala
Many-headed Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/S1
Moderate
Casc(l),Glac(2), Sher(l)
Carex tenuiflora
Thin-flowered Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Flat(l)
Not in Dorn
Carex tincta
Slender Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Glac (1), Lake (1), Park (1)
Carex vaginata
Sheathed Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
USFS
NA
Linc(l)
Not in Dorn
Cypenis acuminatus
Short-pointed Flatsedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Sand(l)
Cypenis erythrorhizos
Red-root Flatsedge
Cyperaceae
G5/SH
**
Flat(l)
23
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Cyperus rivularis
(C. bipartitus)
Shining Flatsedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Miss (1), Rava (4)
Cyperus schweinitzii
Schweinitz' Flatsedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
BLM
NA
Cart (3), Case (1), Cust (1),
Powd(2), Sher(l)
Cypripedium fasciculatum
Clustered Lady's Slipper
Orchidaceae
G4/S2
USPS
Moderate
Lake (7), Mine (16),
Miss (1), Sand (6)
Cypripedium passerinum
Sparrow's-egg Lady's Slipper
Orchidaceae
G4G5/S2
USPS
Low
Flat(6),Glac(l),Lake(3),
Lewi (3), Line (6), Pond (2),
Powe (2), Teto (2)
Dichanthelium oligosanthes var. scribnerianum
(Panicum oligosanthes)
Scribner's Panic Grass
Poaceae
G5T5/S 1
BLM
High
Lake(l), Powd(3)
2 named varieties, both occur
in MT
Elymus flavescens
{Leymus flavescens)
Sand Wildrye
Poaceae
G4/S1
BLM
Low
Beav(l)
Elymus innovatus
{Leymus innovatus)
Northern Wildrye
Poaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Casc(2), Glac(2), Pond(l),
Teto (1)
Eleocharis rostellata
Beaked Spikerush
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Moderate
Carb(l), Flat(3), Lake(4),
Lewi(l), Linc(l),Madi(4),
Meag(l), Park (1), Sand (1),
Swee(l), Teto(2)
Elodea longivaginata
{E. bifoliata)
Long Sheath Waterweed
Hydrocharitaceae
G4G5/S1
BLM
NA
Beav(l),Glac(l),Libe(l),
Phil(2), Stil(l)
Epipactis gigantea
Giant Helleborine
Orchidaceae
G3G4/S2
USPS
Low-Mod
Carb (2), Flat (7), Gran (1),
Lake(10),Madi(l),
Powe (1), Teto (1)
Eriophorum callitrix
Sheated Cotton-grass
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb (2)
Eriophorum gracile
Slender Cotton-grass
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low
Flat (9), Lake (5), Line (6)
Festuca vivipara
{F. viviparoidea)
Viviparous Fescue
Poaceae
G4G5/S1
NA
Flat (3), Glac (5)
Goodyera repens
Northern Rattlesnake-plantain
Orchidaceae
G5/S2S3
USPS
Low
Ferg(2), Flat(l),Judi(22),
Meag(l),Whea(6)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
24
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Hemicarpha dnimmondii
(Lipocarpha dnimmondii)
Drummond's Hemicarpha
Cyperaceae
G4G5/SH
*^
Carb(l)
Heteranthera dubia
Water Star-grass
Pontederiaceae
G5/S1
USPS
Moderate
Plat (2), Sand (1)
Juncus acuminatus
Tapered Rush
Juncaceae
G5/S1
NA
Deer(l), Teto(l)
Juncus albescens
(J. triglumis var. albescens)
Three-flowered Rush
Juncaceae
G5/S1
NA
Plat (2), Glac (7)
J. triglumis in part in Dorn
Juncus covillei var. covillei
Coville's Rush
Juncaceae
G5T5/S 1
NA
Mine(2), Miss(l), Rava(2)
Swee(l)
2 named varieties, both are SOC
in MT
Juncus covillei var. obtusatus
Coville's Blunt Rush
Juncaceae
G5T4/S1
NA
Rava(l)
2 named varieties, both are SOC
inMT
Juncus hallii
Hall's Rush
Juncaceae
G4G5/S2
USPS
NA
Beav(l),Broa(l),Jeff(l),
Madi (3), Meag (3),
Powe (2), Silv (2)
Kobresia macrocarpa
(K. sibircia, K. bellardi var macrocarpa)
Large-fruited Kobresia
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb (2)
Kobresia simpliciuscula
Simple Kobresia
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
BLM
NA
Beav(2),Carb(l), Glac(6),
Gran (1), Park (1), Teto (2)
Not in Dorn
Lilaea scilloides
Flowering Quillwort
Juncaginaceae
G57/SH
**
Lake (2)
Liparis loeselii
Loesel's Twayblade
Orchidaceae
G5/S1S2
USPS
Low
Lake (7)
Not in Dorn
Listera borealis
Northern twayblade
Orchidaceae
G4/S1S2
NA
Rava(l)
Maianthemum canadense
Wild Lily-of-the-valley
Liliaceae
G5/SH
**
Cart(l)
Najas guadalupensis
Guadalupe Water-nymph
Najadaceae
G5/S1
NA
Case (1), Plat (2), Lake (1),
Rava(l)
Phippsia algida
Ice Grass
Poaceae
G5/S1
NA
Carb (5), Stil (1)
Poa curta
{P. arnowiae)
Short-leaved Bluegrass
Poaceae
G4/S1
BLM
NA
Carb(l)
Not in Dorn
Poa laxa ssp. banjfiana
Banff Loose-flowered Bluegrass
Poaceae
G57T1/S1
NA
Glac(l)
Not in Dorn. 2 named varieties,
only var. banjfiana in MT
25
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Potamogeton obtusifolius
Blunt-leaved Pondweed
Potamogetonaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Moderate
Flat(2),Glac(l),Lake(7),
Miss (3)
Puccinellia lemmonii
Lemmon's Alkaligrass
Poaceae
G4/S1
BLM
Low-Mod
Beav (2)
Not in Dorn
Scheuchzeria palustris
Pod Grass
Scheuchzeriaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Low
Flat (12), Gran (1), Lake (6),
Line (6), Miss (3)
Scirpus cespitosus
{Trichophorum caespitosum)
Tufted Clubrush
Cyperaceae
G5/S2
USPS
NA
Beav (1), Flat (10), Glac(l),
Lake(l),Linc(2), Powe(l),
Teto (1)
Scirpus heterochaetus
{Shoenoplectus heterochaetus)
Slender Bulrush
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
BLM
NA
Phil(l),Sher(l)
Scirpus hudsonianus
(Eriophorum alpinum, Trichophorum alpinum)
Hudson's Bay Bulrush
Cyperaceae
G5/S1
NA
Flat (2), Glac (1)
Scirpus pumilus ssp. rollandii
(S. rollandii, Trichophorum pumilum)
Small Clubrush
Cyperaceae
G5T5/S1
BLM
NA
Glac (1), Teto (2)
Scirpus subterminalis
(Schoenoplectus subterminalis)
Water Bulrush
Cyperaceae
G4G5/S2
USPS
Low-Mod
Flat (4), Lake (1), Lewi (1),
Line (5), Miss (4)
Sisyrinchium septentrionale
Northern Blue-eyed Grass
Iridaceae
G3G4/S1
NA
Sher(l)
Not in Dorn
Sphenopholis intermedia
{S. obtusata var. major)
Slender Wedgegrass
Poaceae
G5/S1
NA
Bigh(l),Gall(l)
Spiranthes diluvialis
Ute Ladies' Tresses
Orchidaceae
G2/S1
Threatened
High
Beav(l),Broa(l),Gall(4),
Jeff (2), Madi (4)
Not in Dorn
Sporobolus asper
(S. compositus var. compositus)
Longleaf Dropseed
Poaceae
G5/SH
**
Cart (1), Cust (1)
Sporobolus neglectus
Small Dropseed
Poaceae
G5/S1
NA
Gall(2), Sand(l),Whea(l)
Stipa lettermanii
(Achnatherum lettermanii)
Letterman's Needlegrass
Poaceae
G5/S1
NA
Beav(l),Bigh(2),Carb(2),
Madi (1), Park (1)
Tofieldia pusilla
Small Tofieldia
Liliaceae
G5/S2
NA
Flat (1), Glac (8)
Veratrum califomicum
California False-hellebore
Liliaceae
G5/S1
USPS
NA
Gran (3), Rava (2)
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
26
Vascular Plant Species of Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Montana
Endemic
Notes
Wolffia Columbiana
Columbia Water-meal
Lemnaceae
G5/S2 NA
Flat(5), Lake (1), Miss (1),
Rava(l)
Arabis fecunda
(Sapphire Rockcress)
Illustration by: Robert Allen
Balsamorhiza macrophylla
(Large-leaved Balsamroot)
Illustration by: JohnH. Rumely
From Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest
27
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Plant Species of Potential Concern
June 2006
This publication identifies 133 Potential Species of Concern
in Montana compared to the 2003 publication which
included 220 species. Potential Species of Concern
(PSOC) include those taxa currently ranked S3, except for
those ranked G3 which are on the SOC list. In this edition,
species ranked as SU or SR (insuffiecient information to
assign a rank or reported for Montana) have been moved
to a "review" category, which will be used to highlight
those species that require more information before a
Montana status rank can be assigned.
Many species on this updated PSOC list are here for the
first time. This is a result of including all taxa ranked S3 in
our databases, many of which have not undergone a
thorough rank review for some time. As these species are
reviewed using new data on abundance, distribution,
threats, habitat specificity and vulnerability, it is likely that
changes in status will be warranted and species will be
removed. Conversely, many other species in the state are
not yet ranked and some will likely warrant inclusion as
PSOC. However, as resources for ranking and tracking
species are limited, we may eventually narrow the criteria
for inclusion on the PSOC list.
In the past, the Heritage Program did not regularly keep
track of occurrences for Potential Species of Concern.
When a species was dropped from Species of Concern
status, occurrence data were removed from the active
Heritage databases. We have now begun managing data
on the distribution and status of some Potential Concern
plants; though it will take time to reactivate old data records
for "dropped" species and begin entering location data for
others. The most immediate impact is that species
downgraded from Species of Concern to Potential Concern
will continue to be "tracked" in the Heritage data system
and their occurrences reported through our data request
process (with their Potential Concern status clearly
indicated). We will also continue entering observational
data that we receive for these species, so their status can
be monitored in the future.
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
28
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Ferns and Fern Allies (Pteridophyta)
Botrychium minganense
Mingan Island Moonwort
Ophioglossaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Lycopodium alpinum
(Diphasiastrum alpinum)
Alpine Clubmoss
Lycopodiaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Lycopodium sitchense
(Diphasiastrum sitchense)
Alaskan Clubmoss
Lycopodiaceae
G5/S3
NA
Flat (3), Line (2)
Selaginella watsonii
Watson's Selaginella
Selaginellaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Flowering Plants - Dicots (Magnoliopsida)
Agoseris lackschewitzii
PinkAgoseris
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Allotropa virgata
Candystick
Monotropaceae
G4/S3
NA
Beav (19), Deer (7), Gran (12), Rava (41)
Angelica dawsonii
Dawson's Angelica
Apiaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Aquilegia jonesii
Jones' Columbine
Ranunculaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Arenaria kingii
King's Arenaria
Caryophyllaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Artemisia arbuscula
Dwarf Sagebrush
Asteraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Artemisia spinescens
Bud Sagebrush
Asteraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Atriplex canescens
Four-wing Saltbush
Chenopodiaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Atriplex suckleyi
{A. dioica, Endolepis dioica)
Suckley's Saltbush
Chenopodiaceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
Aster glaucodes
{Eurybia glacua)
Gray Aster
Asteraceae
G4G5/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus ceramicus var.filifolius
Painted Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4T4/S3
NA
NA
29
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Astragalus chamaeleuce
Ground Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus hyalinus
Summer Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus kentrophyta var. kentrophyta
Spiny Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5T4/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus lentiginosus
Sodaville Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus leptaleus
Park Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus plattensis
Platte River Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Astragalus platytropis
Broad-keeled Milkvetch
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
Beav, Madi, Silv
Bidens coniosa
(B. tripartita)
Threelobed Beggarticks
Asteraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Camissonia minor
(Oenothera minor)
Small-flowered Evening-primrose
Onagraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Castilleja angustifolia
Desert Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Castilleja occidentalis
Western Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Castilleja longispica
(C. pilosa var. longispica)
Parrot-head Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Castilleja rustica
(C flava var. rustica)
Rustic Indian Paintbrush
Scrophulariaceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Chionophila tweedyi
Tweedy Snowlover
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Chrysosplenium tetrandrum
Northern Golden-carpet
Saxifragaceae
G5/S3
NA
Gran (4), Rava (28)
Chrysothamnus linifolius
Lineleaf Rabbitbrush
Asteraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Cordylanthus ramosus
Much-branded Birds-beak
Scrophulariaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
30
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Cryptantha flavoculata
Pale Yellow Cryptantha
Boraginaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Cryptantha sobolifera
Montana Cryptantha
Boraginaceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
Cryptantha spiculifera
Snake River Cat's-eye
Boraginaceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
Epilobium suffruticosum
Shrubby Willow-herb
Onagraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron gracilis
Slender Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron humilis
Low Fleabane
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Erigeron lanatus
Woolly Fleabane
Asteraceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Eriogonum pyrolifolium
Alpine Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Eriogonum umbellatum var. stellatum
(E. u. var. ellipticum)
Starry Buckwheat
Polygonaceae
G5T3T5/S3
NA
NA
Eritrichium howardii
Howard Forget-me-not
Boraginaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Gaultheria ovatifolia
Slender Wintergreen
Ericaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Gentiana aquatica
(G. fremontii)
Wet Meadow Gentian
Gentianaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Gentianella propinqua
(Gentiana propinqua)
Four-parted Gentian
Gentianaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Geocaulon lividum
iComandra lividum)
Northern Bastard-toadflax
Santalaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Gilia inconspicua
Shy Gilia
Polemoniaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Hackelia cinerea
Gray Stickseed
Boraginaceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
Halenia deflexa
Spurred Gentian
Gentianaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
31
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Halimolobos virgata
Brassicaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Twiggy Halimolobos
Haplopappus lanuginosus ssp. andersonii
Asteraceae
G5T47/S3
NA
NA
(Stenotus lanuginosus yar. andersonii)
Anderson's Mock Goldenweed
Haplopappus multicaulis
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
{Oonopsis multicaulis)
Many-stem Goldenweed
Hedysarum alpinum
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Apline Sweet-vetch
Hymenoxys grandiflora
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
{Tetraneuris grandiflora)
Graylocks Four-nerve Daisy
Hymenoxys torreyana
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
(Tetraneuris torreyana)
Torrey Bitterweed
Impatiens ecalcarata
Balsaminaceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Spurless Touch-me-not
Ipomopsis pumila
Polemoniaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Dwarf Ipomopsis
Lesquerella condensata
Brassicaceae
G4Q/S3
NA
NA
(L. alpina ssp. condensata)
Dense Bladderpod
Linanthus nuttallii
Polemoniaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
(Linanthastruni nuttallii)
Nuttall's Linanthus
Lomatium bicolor var. bicolor
Apiaceae
G4T3T4/S3
NA
NA
Bicolor Biscuitroot
Madia minima
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Small-headed Tarweed
Mimulus suksdorfii
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Suksdorf Monkeyflower
Mirabilis hirsuta
Nyctaginaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Hairy Four-o'clock
Musineon vaginatum
Apiaceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Rydberg Parsley
Myosotis verna
Boraginaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Early Forget-me-not
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
32
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Orobanche corymbosa
Flat-topped Broomrape
Orobanchaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Oxytropis lagopus var. lagopus
Rabbit-foot Crazyweed
Fabaceae
G4G5T3T4/S3
NA
NA
Pedicularis cystopteridifolia
Fern-leaved Lousewort
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Pedicularis oederi
Oeder's Lousewort
S crophulariaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Pediocactus simpsonii
Simpson's Hedgehog Cactus
Cactaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Penstemon laricifolius
Larch-leaf B eardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Penstemon lyallii
Lyall Beardtongue
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Phacelia glandulosa
Glandular Scorpion-weed
Hydrophyllaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Phacelia ivesiana var. glandulifera
(P. glandulifera)
Sticky Scorpion-weed
Hydrophyllaceae
G5T5/S3
NA
NA
Physocarpus monogynus
Mountain Ninebark
Rosaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Pinguicula macroceras
(P. vulgaris var. macroceras)
California Butterwort
Lentibulariaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Plantago canescens
Gray Pubescent Plantain
Plantaginaceae
G4G5/S3
NA
NA
Plantago tweedyi
Tweedy Plantain
Plantaginaceae
G4G5/S3
NA
NA
Prenanthes sagittata
Arrow-leaf Rattlesnake-root
Asteraceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Ranunculus populago
Mountain Buttercup
Ranunculaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Ribes irriguum
(R. oxycanthoides ssp. irriguum)
Idaho Gooseberry
Grossulariaceae
G3G4/S3
NA
NA
Romanzoffia sitchensis
Sitka Mistmaid
Hydrophyllaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Rubus ursinus
Pacific Blackberry
Rosaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
33
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Global/State
Federal
Threat
Common Name
Family Name
Rank
Status
Level
County Distribution
Sanicula graveolens
Apiaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Sierra Sanicle
Saxifraga cemua
Saxifragaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Nodding Saxifrage
Sedum leibergii
Crassulaceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
{S. borschii)
Borscli's Stonecrop
Senecio debilis
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
(Packera debilis)
Rocky Mountain Ragwort
Senecio fuscatus
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
{Tephroseris lindstroemii)
Twice-liairy Butterweed
Senecio megacephalus
Asteraceae
G47/S3
NA
NA
Nuttall Ragwort
Sorbus sitchensis
Rosaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Sitka Mountain Ash
Stanleya tomentosa
Brassicaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Woolly Prince's plume
Stanleya viridiflora
Brassicaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Green Prince's plume
Streptanthella longirostris
Brassicaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Streptanthella
Suksdorfia violacea
Saxifragaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Violet Suksdorfia
Synthyris missurica
Scrophulariaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Western Mountain Synthyris
Tellima grandiflora
Saxifragaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Large Fringe-cup
Townsendia incana
Asteraceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Hoary Townsendia
Trifolium latifolium
Fabaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Twin Clover
Trifolium microcephalum
Fabaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Smallhead Clover
Viola renifolia
Violaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Kidney-leaf White Violet
Wyethia scahra
Asteraceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Rough Mule's Ears
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
34
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/state
Rank
Federal
status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Flowering Plants - Monocots (Liliopsida)
Allium fibrillum
Fringed Onion
LiUaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Agrostis borealis
(A. mertensii)
Northern Bentgrass
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex capitata
Capitate Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex ebumea
Ivory Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex livida
Pale Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
Flat (12), Glac (1), Lake (5), Lewi (2), Miss (2), Powe (1), Teto (3)
Carex misandra
Short-leaf Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex neurophora
Alpine Nerved Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Carex paupercula
(C. magellanica ssp. irrigua)
Poor Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex pelocarpa
(C. nova yar. pelocarpa)
Dusky-seed Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4G5/S3
NA
NA
Carex torreyi
(C. abbreviata)
Torrey's Sedge
Cyperaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Carex vallicola
Valley Sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Cypripedium parviflorum
(C. calceolus)
Small Yellow Lady's Slipper
Orchidaceae
G5/S3
USFS/BLM
Low-Mod
Flat (20), Gall (2), Gran (1), Jeff (1), Judi (1), Lake (12), Lewi (5),
Line (20), Miss (5), Pond (1), Stil (1), Swee (1), Teto (6)
Dichanthelium wilcoxianum
Wilcox's Panic Grass
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Cart, Cust, Powd
Eriophorum viridicarinatum
Green-keeled Cotton-sedge
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Erythroniuni grandiflorum var. candidum
White Glacierlily
Lihaceae
G5T3T4/S3
NA
NA
35
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Vascular Plant Species of Potential Concern
Scientific Name
Common Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
Threat
Level
County Distribution
Hierochloe odorata
{H. hirta ssp. arctica)
Sweet Grass
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Beav, Blai, Broa, Case, Flat, Glac, Gall, Line, Park, Powe, Stil
Juncus biglumis
Two-flowered Rush
Juncaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Juncus castaneus
Chestnut Rush
Juncaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Juncus nevadensis
Nevada Rush
Juncaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Lilium philadelphicum
Wood Lily
Liliaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Muhlenbergia andina
Foxtail Muhly
Poaceae
G4/S3
NA
Case, Gall
Muhlenbergia minutissima
Least Muhly
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Gall
Muhlenbergia racemosa
Green Muhly
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Bigh, Carb, Case, Chot, Cust, Daws, Judi, Phil, Rose, Roos, Stil, Yell
Najas flexilis
Slender Naiad
Najadaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Oryzopsis contracta
(Achnatherum contractum)
Contracted Indian Ricegrass
Poaceae
G3G4/S3
NA
Beav
Panicum lanuginosum
(P. occidentale, Dichanthelium acuminatum)
Western Witchgrass
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Case, Deer, Madi
Poa lettermanii
Letterman's Bluegrass
Poaceae
G4/S3
NA
Carb
Scirpus cyperinus
Wool Grass
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Scirpus nevadensis
Nevada Bulrush
Cyperaceae
G4/S3
NA
NA
Scirpus pallidus
Pale Bulrush
Cyperaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
Sphenopholis obtusata
Prairie Wedgegrass
Poaceae
G5/S3
NA
Carb, Case, Ferg, Gall, Hill, Judi, McCo, Meag, Park, Silv, Whea
Wolfjia punctata
{W. brasiliensis)
Spotted Water-meal
Lemnaceae
G5/S3
NA
NA
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
36
Preliminary Ranks for Nonvascular Plant Species
BRYOPHYTES
The preliminary ranks for rare bryophytes are based on a
flora compiled for the U.S. Forest Service by Joe Elliott
(1995). This list is largely unchanged from the 2001
publication, except that some global ranks have been
updated. Because nonvascular plants are typically so
under-represented by collection data, the current focus is
on species with the fewest documented Montana records
(S 1 and SH) and several species of highly restricted
habitats. Principle reference collections for Montana
bryophytes are located at the University of Montana
(MONTU), Montana State University (MONT), and the
U.S. Forest Service's Intermountain Research Station
Resource Center Herbarium (MRC) in Missoula. The
"counties of distribution" listed here are incomplete
because not all Montana collection data have been
compiled. Anyone who collects a bryophyte species on this
list or one potentially new to the state is encouraged to
submit a Species of Concern Survey Form and map or a
copy of the collection label information to MTNHP.
LICHENS
The preliminary ranks for rare lichens are based on a
Montana lichen flora being compiled by and status
recommendations from McCune and Rosentreter (in
progress). Their publication will provide much more
information not only on Montana lichens, but also on
species of concern and the patterns of rarity exhibited by
lichens in Montana. Major reference collections for
Montana lichens are located at the University of Montana
and Montana State University, in addition to large
collections at Oregon State University (OSC), Boise State
University (SRP) and the personal herbarium of R.
Rosentreter. Anyone collecting a lichen identified on this
list or potentially new to the state is encouraged to submit a
Species of Concern Survey Form and map or a copy of
collection label information. Location records for lichens
have not yet been entered into the MTNHP databases,
therefore a county distribution is not yet available.
Selected References
Conrad, H.S. and PL. Redfern. 1979. How to know the
mosses and liverworts. Wm. C. Brown Co., Dubuque,
Iowa. 302 pp.
Elliott, J.C. Second checklist of Montana mosses (draft).
Unpublished report to the U.S. Forest Service.
Conservation Biology Research, Helena. 43 pp.
Elliott, J.C. 1995. Rare mosses, rare habitats. Unpublished
report for the 1995 Montana Rare Plant Conference.
Conservation Biology Research, Helena, MT 17 pp.
Lawton, E. 1971. Keys for the identification of the mosses
of the Pacific Northwest (Reprinted from Moss flora of
the Pacific Northwest). Hattori Botanical Lab., Nichinan,
Japan. 66 pp.
McCune, B. and T Goward. 1995. Macrolichens of the
Northern Rocky Mountains. Mad River Press, Inc. Eureka,
CA. 208 pp.
McCune, B. and R. Rosentreter. In progress. Montana
Lichens.
Schofield, W.B. 1992. Some common mosses of British
Columbia. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, B.C.
Canada. 394 pp.
Vitt, D.H., J.E. Marsh and R.B. Bovey. 1988. Mosses,
lichens and ferns of northwest North America. Lone Pine
Publishing, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 296 pp.
37
© 2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Bryophytes
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Aloina brevirostris
Pottiaceae
G3G5/S1
Flat, Line
Amblyodon dealbatus
Meesiaceae
G3G5/SH
Flat
Andreaea blyttii
Andreaeaceae
G5/S1
Sand
Barbula eustegia
Meteoriaceae
G37/S1
Brachythecium reflexum
Brachytheciaceae
G4G5/S1
Flat, Line
Brachythecium turgidum
Brachytheciaceae
G4/S1
Bryum arcticum
Bryaceae
G57/S2
Bryum calobryoides
Bryaceae
G3/SH
Flat, Lake
Bryum calophyllum
Bryaceae
G57/SH
Bryum dichotomum
Bryaceae
GNR/Sl
Rava
Bryum ionchocaulon
Bryaceae
G57/S1
Bryum pollens
Bryaceae
G4G5/S1
Bryum schleicheri
Bryaceae
G57/S1
Glac
Callicladium haldanianum
Hypnaceae
G5/SH
Calliergon richardsonii
Amblystegiaceae
G4/S1
Glac
Calliergon trifarium
Amblystegiaceae
G4/S1
Flat, Glac
Calliergonella cuspidata
Amblystegiaceae
G5/S1
Flat
Catoscopium nigritum
Catoscopiaceae
G4G5/S1
Cinclidium stygium
Mniaceae
G5/S1
Crumia latifolia
Pottiaceae
G3/S1
Cynodontium tenellum
Dicranaceae
G3G5Q/SH
Dendroalsia abietina
Cryphaeaceae
G4/SH
Desmatodon cernuus
Pottiaceae
G3G5/SH
Desmatodon heimii
Pottiaceae
G5/S1
Rava
Dichodontium olympicum
Dicranaceae
G3G5/S1
Dicranella grevllleana
Dicranaceae
G2G4/S1
Glac
Dicranella heteromalla
Dicranaceae
G57/S1
Flat, Glac
Dicranoweisia cirrata
Dicranaceae
G4/S1
Park
Dicranum acutifolium
Dicranaceae
G57/S1
Rava
Dicranum fragilifolium
Dicranaceae
G4G5/S 1
Flat, Glac, Lake
Dicranum spadiceum
Dicranaceae
G57/S1
Didymodon fallax var. reflexus
Pottiaceae
G5T57/S1
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
38
Bryophytes
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Didymodon rigidulus var. gracilis
Pottiaceae
G5T57/S1
Didymodon vinealis var. brachyphyllus
Pottiaceae
G5TNR/S1
Rava
Distichium inclinatum
Ditrichaceae
G4G5/S1
Glac
Ditrichum ambiguum
Ditrichaceae
G47/SH
Flat
Drepanocladus cardotti (Campylium cardotii)
Amblystegiaceae
G1G2/SH
Entosthodon rubiginosus
Funariaceae
G1G3/SH
Case
Eucladium verticillatum
Pottiaceae
G4/S1
Gran, Powe
Eurhynchium pulchellum var. barnesii
Brachytheciaceae
G5TNR/S1
Lake, Rava
Fabronia pusilla
Fabroniaceae
G4G5/S1
Madi
Fissidens fontanus
Fissidentaceae
G5/S1
Gran
Funaria americana
Funariaceae
G2G3/SH
Case, Meag
Grimmia britloniae
Grimmiaceae
G2/S2
USPS , Flat, Sand
Grimmia incurva
Grimmiaceae
G4G5/S1
Rava
Grimmia mollis
Grimmiaceae
G3G5/S1
Flat, Glac
Hamatocaulis vernicosus
Amblystegiaceae
G5/S1
Herzogiella striatella
Hypnaceae
G4G5/S1
Herzogiella turfacea
Hypnaceae
G4G5/S1
Hygroamblystegium noterophilum
Amblystegiaceae
G4/S1
Hygrohypnum cochlearifolium
Amblystegiaceae
G4/S1
Line
Hypnum callichroum
Hypnaceae
G57/S1
Kiaeria blyttii
Dicranaceae
G5/S1
Flat
Kiaeriafalcata
Dicranaceae
G5/S1
Kiaeria starkei
Dicranaceae
G5/S1
Glac
Leucolepis acanthoneuron
Mniaceae
G4/S1
Line
Limprichtia revolvens
Amblystegiaceae
G4G5/S2
Meesia longiseta
Meesiaceae
G47/S1
Flat
Meesia triquetra
Meesiaceae
G5/S2
USPS
Carb, Flat, Glac, Lake, Line,
Rava, Teto
Meesia uliginosa
Meesiaceae
G4/S1
Flat, Glac
Mielichhoferia macrocarpa
Bryaceae
G2/S1
Myurella tenerrima
Pterigynandraceae
G3G4/S1
Glac
Neckera douglasii
Neckeraceae
G4/S1
Flat, Lake
Neckera pennata
Neckeraceae
G5/S1
39
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Bryophytes
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Oligotrichum aligerum
Polytrichaceae
G5/S1
Line
Orthotrichum praemorsum
Orthotrichaceae
G2/S1
Rava
Oxystegus tenuirostris
Pottiaceae
G4/SH
Paludella squarrosa
Meesiaceae
G3G5/S1
Garb, Plat, Glac
Paraleucobryum enerve
Dicranaceae
G57/S1
Plat, Glac
Paraleucobryum longifolium
Dicranaceae
G5/S1
Plat
Phascum cuspidatum
Pottiaceae
G5/S1
Rava
Physcomitrium hookeri
Funariaceae
G2G4/SH
Plagiobryum demissum
Bryaceae
G3G5/S1
Plagiobryum zieri
Bryaceae
G4G5/S 1
Platyhypnidium riparioides
Brachytheciaceae
G4/S1
Line
Pohlia drummondii
Bryaceae
G3G4/S1
Pohlia obtusifolia
Bryaceae
G2G4/S 1
USPS
Pohlia vexans
Bryaceae
G3G5/SH
Polytrichum lyallii
Polytrichaceae
GU/Sl
Porotrichum bigelovii
Thamnobryaceae
G4/S1
Rava
Pseudocalliergon turgescens
Amblystegiaceae
G3G5/S1
Plat, Glac
Pseudocrossidium obtusulum
Pottiaceae
GU/Sl
Rava
Pterygoneurum lamellatum
Pottiaceae
G3G5/S1
Ptychomitrium gardneri
Ptychomitriaceae
G4/S1
Racomitrium aquaticum
Grimmiaceae
G3Q/S1
Racomitrium brevipes
Grimmiaceae
GU/Sl
Racomitrium pygmaeum
Grimmiaceae
GU/Sl
Line
Sarmenthypnum sarmentosum
Amblystegiaceae
G4G5/S1
Schistostega pennata
Schistostegaceae
G3G4/S1
Scorpidium scorpioides
Amblystegiaceae
G4G5/S2
USPS
Plat, Glac, Lake, Lewi, Line, Miss
Teto
Seligeria donniana
Seligeriaceae
G4G5/S1
Sphagnum angustifolium
Sphagnaceae
G5/S2
Sphagnum centrale
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Plat
Sphagnum compactum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Gran
Sphagnum contortum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Plat
Sphagnum fallax
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
40
Bryophytes
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Sphagnum fimbriatum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Lewi
Sphagnum fuscum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S2
Sphagnum girgensohnii
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Sphagnum magellanicum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Flat, Miss, Rava
Sphagnum mendocinum
Sphagnaceae
G4/S1
Miss
Sphagnum platyphyllum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Sphagnum riparium
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Miss
Sphagnum subnitens
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Sphagnum wulfianum
Sphagnaceae
G5/S1
Lake
Stegonia latifolia
Pottiaceae
G4G5/S1
Tayloria acuminata
Splachnaceae
G3G4/SH
Tayloria lingulata
Splachnaceae
G3G5/S1
Glac
Tayloria serrata
Splachnaceae
G4/S1
Madi
Tetraplodon angustatus
Splachnaceae
G4/S1
Lewi
Tetraplodon mnioides
Splachnaceae
G4/S1
Lewi
Thamnobryum neckeroides
Thamnobryaceae
G4/SH
Tortula bartramii
Pottiaceae
G2G4/S 1
Rava
Tortula muralis
Pottiaceae
G5/S1
Tortula norvegica
Pottiaceae
G5/S1
Glac, Lake, Madi
Tortula papulosa
Pottiaceae
G5/S1
Rava, Sand
Trachybryum megaptilum
Brachytheciaceae
G4/S1
Warnstorfia exannulata
Amblystegiaceae
G5/S1
Lichens
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Acarospora scabrida
Acarosporaceae
G3G5/S1S
Adelolecia pilati
Bacidiaceae
G2G4/S 1
Alectoria nigricans
Alectoriaceae
G5/S1
Alectoria ve.xillifera
Alectoriaceae
GNR/S2
Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga
Parmeliaceae
G4G5/S1
41
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Lichens
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Aspicilia arctica
Hymeneliaceae
G2G4/S1
Aspicilia fruticulosa
Hymeneliaceae
G3/S1
Aspicilia myrinii
Hymeneliaceae
G5/S1
Bacidia auerswaldii
Bacidiaceae
GNR/Sl
Bacidia granosa
Bacidiaceae
GNR/S 1
Bacidia vermifera
Bacidiaceae
G2G4/S1
Bryonora castanea
Lecanoraceae
G3G5/S1
Bryoriafriabilis
Parmeliaceae
G3/S2
Bryoria implexa
Parmeliaceae
GNR/Sl
Bryoria nadvornikiana
Parmeliaceae
G3G5/S1
Bryoria simplicior
Parmeliaceae
G3G5/S2
Bryoria subdivergens
(Nodobryoria subdivergens)
Parmeliaceae
G2/S1
USPS
Line, Rava
Bryoria tortuosa
Parmeliaceae
G5/S1
Buellia badia
Physciaceae
G37/S1
Cetraria subalpina
{Tuckermannopsis subalpina)
Parmeliaceae
G37/S2
USPS
Flat, Line, Powe, Sand
Chaenotheca cinerea
Coniocybaceae
GNR/S 1
Chaenotheca subroscida
Coniocybaceae
G3G4/S1
Cladina mitis
Cladoniaceae
G5/S1
Cladina rangiferina
Cladoniaceae
G5/S1
Cladonia botrytes
Cladoniaceae
G5/S1
Cladonia digitata
Cladoniaceae
G3G5/S1
Cladonia transcendens
Cladoniaceae
G5/S1
Cladonia uncialis
Cladoniaceae
G4G5/S1
Clioslomum leprosum
Bacidiaceae
GNR/S 1
Collema curtisporum
Collemataceae
G3/S1
USPS
Flat, Glac, Lake, Sand
Collenia polycarpon
Collemataceae
GNR/S2
Cornicularia normoerica
Usneaceae
G3G5/S1
Cyphelium karelicum
Caliciaceae
GNR/Sl
Dactylina madreporiformis
Parmeliaceae
GNR/S2
Dactylina ramulosa
Parmeliaceae
G4G5/S2
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
42
Lichens
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Dimelaena ihysanota
Buelliaceae
GNR/S 1
Diploschistes diacapsis
Thelotremataceae
G4G5/S1
Endocarpon pulvinatum
Verrucariaceae
G4G5/S2
Endocarpon tortuosum
Verrucariaceae
GNR/S 2
Euopsis granatina
Lichinaceae
G37/S1
Evernia divaricata
Parmeliaceae
G4G5/S1
Farnoldia micropsis
Porpidiaceae
G3G5/S1
Flavopuncteliaflaventior
Parmeliaceae
G5/S1
Gyalectafoveolaris
Gyalectaceae
G3G5/S1
Gyalectajenensis
Gyalectaceae
G3G4/S 1
Hypogymnia enteromorpha
Parmeliaceae
G4/S2
Hypogymnia inactiva
Parmeliaceae
G3/S1
Imshaugia aleurites
Parmeliaceae
G5/S1
Japewia tornoensis
Bacidiaceae
G4G5/S1
Lecaniafuscella
Bacidiaceae
GNR/S 1
Lecanora beringii
Lecanoraceae
G3G4/S 1
Lecanora umbrosa
Lecanoraceae
GNR/S 1
Lecidea dolodes
Lecideaceae
G4/S2
Lecidea myriocarpoides
Lecideaceae
G3G5/S1
Lecidea paddensis
Lecideaceae
GNR/S 1
Lecidella effugiens
Lecanoraceae
GNR/S 1
Leptogium subtile {L. minutissimum)
CoUemataceae
GNR/S 1
Leptogium tenuissimum
CoUemataceae
GNR/S 2
Lobaria hallii
Lobariaceae
G47/S2
Lobaria linita
Lobariaceae
G4G5/S1
Lobaria scrobiculata
Lobariaceae
G3G4/S1
Melanelia commixta (Cetraria commixta)
Pareliaceae
GNR/S 1
Melanelia septentrionalis
Parmeliaceae
G3G5/S1
Micarea ternaria
Micareaceae
G1G2/S1
Miriquidica garovaglii
Lecanoraceae
GNR/S 1
Mycobilimbia sabuletorum
(Bacidia sabuletorum)
Porpidiaceae
G4G5/S1
43
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Lichens
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Neofuscelia loxodes
Parmeliaceae
G3G5/S1
Neofuscelia subhosseana
Parmeliaceae
G4G5/S2
Parmeliafraudans
Parmeliaceae
G4G5/S1
Parmelia omphalodes
Parmeliaceae
G2G4/S1
Panneliella triptophylla
Pannariaceae
G3G5/S1
Peltula polyspora
Peltulaceae
G3G5/S1
Pertusaria amara
Pertusariaceae
G57/S1
Pertusaria saximontana
Pertusariaceae
G3G5/S1
Pertusaria sommerfeltii
Pertusariaceae
G4G5/S1
Phaeophyscia ciliata
Physciaceae
G4G5/S1
Phaeophyscia kairanioi
Physciaceae
G3G4/S1
Phaeorrhiza sareptana
Physciaceae
GNR/Sl
Physcia semipinnata
Physciaceae
G5/S1
Platismatia stenophylla
Parmeliaceae
G2G4/S1
Pseudocyphellaria anomala
Lobariaceae
G2G4/S1
Psora rubiformis
Psoraceae
G3G5/S1
Psorotichia nigra
Lichinaceae
GNR/S 1
Psorotichia schaereri
Lichinaceae
GNR/S 1
Ramalina farinacea
Ramalinaceae
G3G5/S2
Ramalina pollinaria
Ramalinaceae
G2G4/S1
Rhizocarpon hochstetteri
Rhizocarpaceae
G4G5/S1
Rhizocarpon intermediellum
Rhizocarpaceae
G2G4/S1
Rhizocarpon polycarpum
Rhizocarpaceae
G3G5/S1
Rhizoplaca haydenii
Lecanoraceae
G2G3/S1
Solorina bispora
Peltigeraceae
G3G5/S1
Solorina octospora
Peltigeraceae
G3G5/S1
Solorina saccata
Peltigeraceae
G3G5/S2
Solorina spongiosa
Peltigeraceae
G3G5/S1
Sporastatia polyspora
Acarosporaceae
G3G5/S1
Stereocaulon paschale
Stereocaulaceae
G5/S1
Toninia alutacea
Catillariaceae
G4G5/S1
Toninia Candida
Catillariaceae
G3G5/S2
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
44
Lichens
Scientific Name
Family Name
Global/State
Rank
Federal
Status
County Distribution
Toninia ruginosa
Catillariaceae
G3G5/S2
Tuckermannopsis sepincola
{Cetraria sepincola)
Parmeliaceae
G5/S2
Umbilicaria havaasii
Umbilicariaceae
G3/S1
Umbilicaria hirsuta
Umbilicariaceae
G2G4/S1
Umbilicaria lambii
Umbilicariaceae
G2G4/S1
Umbilicaria muehlenbergii
Umbilicariaceae
G5/S1
Umbilicaria polyrhiza
Umbilicariaceae
G2G3/S1
Usnea cavernosa
Parmeliaceae
G3G5/S1
Verrucaria calkinsiana
Verrucariaceae
GNR/Sl
Xanthoparmelia angustiphylla
Parmeliaceae
G5/S1
Xanthoparmelia montanensis
Parmeliaceae
G5/S1
45
2006 Montana Natural Heritage Program
Montana Counties
Plant Species of Concern Survey Form
MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM -2005 Revision
P.O. Box 201800, 1515 E. Sixth Avenue, Helena, MT 59620-1800
At a minimum complete all fields in Bold and provide at least 1 of the following; Township/Range/Section data, GPS coordinates or a
photocopy of a topographic or other detailed map with the occurrence accurately marked. Please provide as much detail as possible for the
remaining fields. Further details on completing this form are available at http://mtnhp.org.
Scientific Name: Survey Date: I /
Observer(s):
Site Name: County:
USGSOuad: TRSData.
OwnersPiip (Include contact info for private property):
Directions to site:
Occurrence Data
Total Number: of nindivldual plants □stems dclumps Basis: dactual count □estimate
If the occurrence is composed of multiple, discrete areas (subpopulations) record the number of subpopulations:
Number of Subpopulations: and the population estimate/count for each: 1 . 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
"Total of subpopulation estimates/counts should equal the Total Number listed above**
Survey Extent: Are you reasonably confident that the area surveyed and mapped represents the full extent of the population?
□Yes QNo □Uncertain If No or Uncertain, describe the un-surveyed area (extent, location):
Comments:
Pfienology (%): Vegetative/Pre-flower: Flowering/Budding: Fruiting/Dispersed:
Comments:
Voucher Specimens? (collector, # and repository):
ID Verified by? Photo Available? Qplant photo □habitat photo
Comments:
Topographic IVIap: Attach a photocopy of the pertinent survey area from a USGS quad map or other detailed map if available and indicate
on the map the exact point locations or boundaries of the observed population or subpopulations, numbered to correspond to the
subpopulation numbers above.
47
Habitat and Site Data
If the occurrence is composed of subpopulations, the following information should be recorded for each subpopulation (on separate sheets
labeled with the subpopulation number) if the data is variable across subpopulations or as needed to thoroughly document the occurrence.
Elevation: (average or range):
Slope (average or range in %)
Aspect: QN DNE DE DSE DS DSW DW DNW (check all that apply)
Parent Material:
Soil Texture/Type:
Dominant Species (highest % cover)
Exotic Species (species and 'abundance)
1: _
2: _
3: _
4: _
5: _
6: _
7: _
8: _
9: _
10:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
'Abundance codes for exotic species within or immediately adjacent to the occurrence are: Rare, Infrequent, Occasional,
Frequent, and Abundant
General Site Description (habitat, vegetation community, topography, etc):
Disturbances/Land use/Threats:
GPS Coordinates: Datum: nNAD27 QNADSS UTM Zone:
Northing/Latitude:
Additional Coordinates or Waypoints:
Easting/Longitude:
48
MONTANA
^ Natural Heritage
^^qtate Itil^ Natural R^ouice
Ibrar
Library ^3n]^ Informatkm System
The preferred citation for this document is:
Montana Natural Heritage Program. 2006. Plant Species of Concern. MTNHP, Helena. 48 pp.
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