Insect pest survey special supplement

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:.AL RECORD

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Q43

IB3SCT F 3 3 I SO R V 13 Y

■ 3"?0ULim

Special Supplement

June 15, 1943

ESTIMATES CF DiLCAGE TO COHN 31 THE EUROPEAN 0011- BORER II 1942

By a. 15. Fence, Entomologist
Envision of Cereal and Forage Insect Investigations

Loss to the 1942 corn crop in the north e as tern part pi the
United States as a result of infestation by the European corn borer
(pyrausta nubilalls (Hbr.) ; was the highest on record in this coun-
try. ‘Feather conditions in general were so favorable for corn in
1942, however, that much of the damage eras not apparent and a con-
siderable portion of the total less was traceable to the effect cf
moderate populc liens of the insect in vast acreages of corn in the
eastern part of the Corn Belt. The estimated amount of damage in
1942 in 3 OB counties, comprising most of the heavily populated sec-
tions in the infested area plus recently infested counties and
critical counties in which continuity of am rial data is desirable,
involving a corn production valued at approximately .hi. .

slightly over 17,000*0003 This estimate is believed to include

at least 9C percent of the total loss caused by the corn borer
during the 1942 season.

The 1942 estimates were made by the same procedure use d in the
preparation of similar estimates in previous years, as f c Hews i
(l) Established damage indices cf 3-, 5“, and 3-percent loss per
borer per plant, in corn for grain, canning sweet corn, and market
sweet corn, respectively, were applied to populations of the unsect
found in each county surveyed in the fall of 1942 to obtain per-
centages of less in the types of corn represented. (2) Values of the
corn crop in each county were estimated, and the money loss caused
by the borer was calculated by applying to them the estimated per-
centages of loss. To obtain these values, data on corn production
and current market prices were taken from the 16th Agricultural Cen-
sus (1940), from reports of the Bureau of Agricultural Economics and the
Agricultural Marketing Administration cf the U. 3. Department cf Agricul-
ture, and from various State and city organizations which generously
supplied information. The 19-2 quotations used for corn harvested
for grain were preliminary. In the case of sweet corn, an effort was
made to evaluate the crop on the basis of the proportion used for

- 1 -

- 2 -

market and canning purposes in the various counties surveyed within
named -States, (3) The county data were combined to show the money
loss of corn for grain and of sweet corn, for each State and for the
surveyed area as a whole.

In Table 1 are presented the data on the estimated value of
the corn crop end the losses caused by the European corn borer in
1942 within the counties surveyed in each and ail of the 18 States.
These damage estimates v/ure prepared on the basis cf 10*815*767
acres of corn harvested fer grain, with an estimated crop value of
$453*924*211, and 229*966 acres of sweet corn* with an estimated crop
value of $18*963*042. The combined acreage of grain and sweet corn
was 11*045* 733 * and the estimated crop value of both totaled
$477*887* 253 . The estimated total loss caused by the European corn
borer to the corn crop in the area surveyed in 1942 was vi7*029*076.
Of this amount* 89.3 percent* or $15*211*895* occurred in corn har-
vested for grain* and 10.7 percent* or $1*817*181* in sweet corn.
About 90 percent of the total loss in grain corn occurred in the
three States of Ohio* Indiana* and Illinois.

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