Illustrated and descriptive catalogue of the Mount Arbor Nurseries

Historic, Archive Document

Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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— Fruit and
Ornamental

... TREES rbor...

Small Fruits,
Shrubs, Vines,
Roses, Bulbs,
Ete. ace

urseries

E. S. Welch,

Proprietor.

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Shenandoah, lowa.

REFERENCES :

Shenandoah National Bank. Mercantile Agencies.
Any Business House in Shenandoah. XY, 27 2%

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lowa Grown Trees Lead the World.

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VREDENBURG & CO., ROCHESTER, N. Y

MARSHALL P. WILDER.

TO THE PUBLIC.

In presenting this catalogue we desire to thank our many patrons for the liberal patron-
age extended in the past and assure you all future orders will have the same careful attention
as heretofore.

With our large and improved packing houses, side track and other facilities, we are
especially well prepared for handling our business with promptness and dispatch. We have
the exposure of stock reduced to the minimum. After digging, all stock is immediately sent to
our packing houses where it is graded, packed and handled under cover. Customers may
rely upon receiving stock in prime condition.

The lists of varieties given include the best of the older sorts and the cream of the newer
ones. We grow and can furnish other varieties than those named and solicit correspond-
ence regarding same. The ones listed are standard and have been found by test to be well
adapted to this latitude, and are general favorites.

Our Extensive Nurseries—Our line of stock is large and complete in every department.
We make a specialty of growing a general line of nursery stock especially for the retail and
large planters’ trade, using the most approved methods of propagating known, giving special
attention to producing the most
desirable orchard tree, with a splen-
did system of roots, using only
stroug, vigorous and healthy roots
to start our trees from, trimming
and pruning them with great care
to form a model head and stocky
body. As the future value of the
orchard depends so largely on the
quality of the trees planted, it is of
the greatest importance that only
trees of the very best quality be
secured.

We employ a large force of
trained and skilled workmen in &XH
the various departments of our &)
work, propagating by budding, K ’
grafting, layering and other meth- eee N
ods, large quantities of trees, plants, |\
etc., each year.

Location—We are located in
Southwestern Iowa in the Garden
Spot of the West, with the best of
railroad facilities.

Soil—Our soil being of a char-
acter best suited to produce the healthiest conditions of growth—that solid firm texture of the
wood, with deep penetrating roots and an abundance of fibrous roots, so necessary for suc-
cessful transplanting and the future value of the trees, we are thus enabled to offer the
products of our Nurseries, with entire confidence, to planters in all sections of the country.

Packing—We give our packing and shipping careful, personal supervision, and to still
further protect our patrons, as well as ourselves, against loss in this direction, we employ the
most skilled and competent hands to assist us.

All correspondence and inquiries given prompt attention.

Address,

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES,

Shenandoah, Iowa.

‘MOdUV LNOON—HUANVN FHL LANAXOUd L.NOd

AD . ‘ .
a) ne EL

SN

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 3

A FLOURISHING INDUSTRY.

The Mount Arbor Nurseries were established in 1875, and have been extended and
enlarged to meet the demands of a constantly increasing business, until now their output
reaches all parts of the United States, Canada, Nova Scotia, Manitoba and British Columbia.

The Mount Arbor came under the present management in 1891, since which time the
business has more than quadrupled. We invite inspection and court ha Sone of our
methods, both as growers and in a business w ay.

“The rapid growth of the
fruit industry is simply astonisb-
ing,” said Division Freight and
Passenger Agent Davenport of the
Burlington Route. ‘People do
not realize how it has developed
in the last few years.”’ In support
of this assertion Col. Davenport
stated that during the last year
his road had hauled no less than
108 full car lots of fruit trees from
Shenandoah, Iowa. This, how-
ever, was not morethan one-half
of the business done, as a large
proportion of the shipments were
naturally in lesser quantities than
car lots. The raising of fruit trees
in Shenandoah has become an in-
dustry of large proportions, there
being at present between 1,500
and 2,000 acres planted with nur-
sery stock of all kinds. BLOCK OF GANO APPLE, TWO-YEAR.

The office and packing
grounds of the Mount Arbor Naneeties are located one block south of the Wabash depot, and
include five acres of choice ground within the city limits. The illustrations on opposite page
give a fair idea of the number and extent of our buildings.

The fields of growing nursery stock are principally east of the city on gently rolling
upland. South and east of the city are two other blocks with soil especially adapted to cer-
tain classes of stock. Most of our fields are within a mile of the packing grounds. Our facili-

ties for handling stock are the best of any firm in the country. There is a complete system of
city water works on the grounds

and in all of the buildings, which,
with ourimproved methods, ena-
bles us to pack and deliver all
orders in the best possible con-
dition.

The National Nurseryman,
Rochester, N. Y., says: ‘The
Mount Arbor Nurseries, Shenan-
doah, lowa, have recently added
a fourth large packing house,
102x126 feet. The building is
lighted with electricity, and is
well arranged for handling stock
and boxing orders. A private side
track makes shipping convenient
over both the Wabash and Bur-
‘ lington railroads. The Mount

Teter Cor tore ee Arbor Nurseries is one of the large
concerns of the counrty.”’

Since the above item was published a fifth building has been built, 62x110 feet, frost-
proof and two stories.

The accompanying illustration shows our method of removing trees from the ground,
which insures a fine system of roots. In our mellow, rich soil, six or eight mules furnish
ample power for running the ‘‘U’’ shaped blade sixteen to eighteen inches under the roots of
the trees. From our experience we consider this the most economical and perfect method for
digging large blocks of trees. Instony, clay soil, some other more powerful means may be
necessary, but not herein Southwest Iowa.

4 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

FOR TRANSPLANTING AND MANAGING FRUIT TREES.

INTRODUCTION.

Few persons have any idea of the great vaiue and importance of our orchards, vineyards
and smallfruits. Few products of the soil are more remunerative, if properly attended to—
and probably nothing that will disappoint us more if neglected. It is not at all difficult to
save trees, when delivered in good order, but still less difficult to lose them through neglect or
bad management. Wedonot pretend in this little work to give complete directions on all
points connected with fruit culture, but simply instructions on the more important points con-
nected with the transplanting, pruning, and management of young trees, vines, etc., and we
present this catalogue to our patrons with the assurance that if the instructions herein given
are complied with, they will not be disappointed in raising trees and ultimately fruit. If, on
the contrary, they choose to disregard or neglect the advice here given and fail, the fault will

be with them and not with us.
INSTRUCTIONS.

!. Preparing the Ground—Before planting fruit trees the soil (except new ground) should
be made mellow by repeated plowing, and where the soil is densely packed a subsoil plow
should be used and the ground stirred up from twelve to fifteen inches deep. If thisis neg-
lected the roots are soon surrounded by an almost impenetrable wall and cannot be expected
to live many years. Whenever this system has been practiced, healthy and vigorous trees and
fine fruit have been the result.

2. Receiving and Caring for Trees—Trees are frequently ruined through the lack of care
or bad management after they fall into the hands of the purchaser. We have known them to
lie for days, tied up in a bundle just as received from the nurseryman, exposed to the sun and
air, and then set out with certainly no expectation of their Jiving, when one hour’s time would
have buried them in the ground and placed them beyond danger. When trees are received the
roots should be covered with a blanket, sack or straw until they reach their destination. The
bundle should then be opened and the trees separated from the moss in which they are packed.
If the roots have become dry from long exposure, straw should be spread upon the ground,
the trees laid upon it, then covered entirely (roots and tops) with straw, and the whole well
watered. In this condition they should remain for forty-eight hours, when they will be found
as fresh as when first taken from the nursery. If holes are not yet dug or the ground too wet
to plant when the trees are received, dig a trench and lay the trees therein, in a slanting
position, so that youcan cover up the roots and two-thirds of the body or stalk. In this
position let them remain until the holes are dug or the ground is in a suitable condition to
receive them.

3. Digging the Holes—If the soil for an orchard has been properly prepared by subsoil-
ing and deep plowing, then the opening of the holes becomes a very simple matter, and really
this is by far the easiest, cheapest and best plan; for if the soil is thoroughly pulverized to a
depth of from twelve to fourteen inches, all that is necessary is to measure off the distance at
which the trees shall stand from one to another and the order of planting. Flag poles are to
be set in the line to be occupied by the first row of trees and a deep furrow is then opened with
a large plow; the poles are then moved and set for the next row of trees, and so on until the
whole is laid off, making the furrows as straight as possible. This done, a lighter plow, drawn
by a single horse, is driven across these deep furrows at the proper distances, so that the
intersections indicate where the trees are to stand. A few shovelfuls of earth removed, and the
hole is ready for the tree. If the furrows have not been recently made it will be well always to
move a portion of the surface, s0 as to have fresh soil next to the roots. Where only a few
trees are to be planted and the soil has not been subsoiled, or where trees are to be planted
in sod, then the holes ought to be at least’ our feet wide and eighteen to twenty inches deep,
Wk subsoil thrown back and the hole filled up to the proper depth with fine top soil to receive
the trees.

4 Prune Before Planting—Both root and top should be pruned at time of planting and
before the tree is set in the ground. When taken from the nursery the roots are more or less
mutilated, therefore the balance of the tree must be restored by cutting off a portion of the
side and top branches. First cut off the ends of the broken and bruised roots with a sharp
knife, in a slanting direction on the under side. This will cause the wound to heal over readily,
by throwing out plenty of fibrous roots at theend. Then cut back each branch or side limb
to a bud not more than four to six inches from the body. Then cut back the leader or central

On

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA.

limb so as to leave it about four or five inches above the highest side limb. When there are no
side limbs the tree should be headed back to a height proper toform atop. None of the lower
limbs should be cut off entirely as it is best to form the heads as low as possible, so that the
limbs and leaves will protect the trunk from the direct rays of the sun.

5. Depth to Plant—Immense numbers of trees are ruined by being planted too deep.
Most kinds of fruit trees, except dwarf pears and plums on peach roots, should be planted not
over two or three inches deeper than they grow in the nursery row. Dwarf pears and plums
on peach roots should be set so that the joint where the body and roots are united will be
about four inches below the top of ground. By this means roots will be thrown out from the
body that is covered and larger and longer lived trees secured.

6. Planting—When ready to plant and before removing the trees from the trench, dig a
hole about the size required for a tree; fill it to about six inches of the top with water, then
fill it in with fine soil and stir into a thick puddle. Take from the trench a few trees at a time,
prune as directed in No. 4 and place them in the puddle so that the roots are well covered; let
them remain until the hole is ready and then remove one by one as the trees are needed—the
hole being filled with good mellow soil to within five or six inches of the top, leaving a little
mound in the center of the hole; place the tree in position and arrange it to the proper depth
by filling in or raking back the soil to or from where the tree will stand; then fill in the fine
mellow soil between and around the roots with the hand, arranging the roots in their natural
position and packing the soil carefully around them. When the roots are barely covered,
sprinkle on not less than half a bucketful of water to moisten the soil and settle it among the
roots; then fill to the top, press the earth very firm around the tree with the foot as you fill
in. Throw a bucket of water around each tree, to settle the ground, and scatter a little soil
on to prevent baking. If the planting is done in the fall, a mound of earth eighteen to twenty
inches high should be thrown up around each tree; this protects the tree and keeps it firm and
upright ; but be sure to hoe the mound away early in the spring or it will be apt to smother
your trees. Trees set out in this way and well mulched will withstand almost any amount of
drouth.

7. Mulching—Is of vital importance and should never be neglected except where trees are
kept well cultivated, which will take the place of mulching. Mulching prevents the moisture
from escaping and maintains equitable temperature about the roots. The material used may
be long manure, litter, straw, grass, hay, sawdust or tan bark, which should be spread on the
surface around the tree for the space of four or five feet and three to six inches deep. Bearing
trees may be benefited by mulching heavily in winter, which will tend to prevent an early
development of the fruit buds and assist them to escape the effect of late frosts.

8. After Culture—The trees should be kept free from grass and weeds, and no crops
should be grown in the orchard while the trees are young, except such as can be cultivated
with the plow or hoe. Cultivate well in the spring and summer. Give under-drainage when it
is needed and attend annually and carefully to surface drainage. Bone dust, salt and plaster
are excellent manure for trees, when used on the surface; no manure of any kind should ever
be put in the hole with the tree—it is very injurious, causing a rank growth, making the tree
tender and consequently short-lived. :

9. After Pruning—The great majority of people do not take proper care of their trees
after planting. Thisis a great mistake. If a tree or vine does not receive the right kind of
care and enough of it when young, it will never attain a healthy old age. Very much has been
said about pruning, by various authors. Judging these and our own experience and obser-
vation, we would say: The best time to prune fruit trees, and about all kinds of trees and
shrubs, is during May and June, May preferred; but be governed by the health and vigor of
the tree. We do not advise severe pruning, as too much would injure the tree. Keep all super-
fluous forks and limbs cut off and the heads in proper shape to admit air and sunshine as long
as the tree lives. Currants and gooseberries should be trimmed late in the fall or early in the
spring, before commencing to grow, grape vines late in November or any time during the
winter up to March Ist; after this trimming is apt to excite bleeding or flowing of sap from
the wounds. If desirous of getting rubbish removed from the orchard during the winter, cut
limbs off eight to ten inches from the body and cut balance off during May or June following.

10. Standard Apple Trees—May be planted twenty-five to thirty feet apart. We advise
planting the rows thirty-three feet by sixteen and one-half feet apart; it is better to plant the
close way north and south. When the trees attain age and begin to crowd cut out every other
tree. Those left will be in better condition and the others will have borne six or eight crops
of fruit. Low heads are preferred, so as to protect the trunk from the direct rays of the sun.
Cultivate as directed and do not neglect to mulch them, especially young trees. Some prefer
planting thirty-three feet apart each way and planting a peach tree between each apple tree.

1. Crab Apples—Should be planted fifteen feet apart. They are very hardy and bear
young and abundantly. The fruit is highly valuable for preserves and jelly and makes the
finest cider known. Plant and cultivate same as apple.

6 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

12. Standard Pears—Should be planted fifteen to twenty feet apart. They are grown
on stock imported from France and will grow on almost any soil, provided the subsoil is not
too wet; whenever this is the case the ground should be thoroughly under-drained. The best
results are obtained from pears on a clay slope where the soil is poor.

13. Standard Cherries—Should be planted fifteen to twenty feet apart. The soil best.

adapted to the cherry is a light loam on a gravelly or sandy subsoil, though it will do well in
almost any situation not too wet. To insure a good growth cherries should be well cut back
for several successive seasons. Plant as directed and mulch well in the spring.

14. Plums—Should be planted ten to fifteen feet apart, in clusters, as so planting assures
more complete fertilization of the blossoms, thereby giving the fullest returns of the most
delicious fruit. Plums should have rich soil, which should be kept well cultivated.

15. Peaches—Should be planted twelve by twelve feet apart. To secure healthy:
vigorous and fruitful trees and fine fruit, the following points must be wellattended to: First—
Keep the ground clean and mellow. Second—Keep the heads low—the trunks should not ex-
ceed three feet high. Third—give them an occasional dressing with wood ashes. Fourth—
Prune every spring, shortening the shoots of the previous year’s growth; this keeps the head
round, full, and well furnished with bearing wood. Cut weak shoots back about one-half, and
strong ones one-third; but see that there is left a sufficient supply of fruit buds, Sickly and
superfluous shoots should be cut out clean. The fruit is borne on wood of last year’s growth
and hence the necessity of keeping up a good supply of vigorous annual shoots all over the
tree. Salt is an excellent fertilizer for peach trees; soap suds are also good. Young trees
should be well mulched every spring, or kept well cultivated until about the middle of July
each year. Would advise planting a good wind break on south side of orchard.

16. Apricots and Nectarines—Should be planted fifteen feet apart, and need the same
management, culture and training as the peach.

17. Currants and Gooseberries—Should be planted in the garden four feet apart; saw-
dust and tan bark should be used as a mulch. The currant flourishes in almost any kind of
soil; but to have the fruit in perfection, plant in rich, deep soil, and give good annual pruning
and cultivation. When plants are grown as stools or bushes, the older and feebler suckers
should be cut out and the stem and root kept free from suckers.

18. Raspberries—Should be planted four feet apart each way or rows five feet apart
and three feet apart in row and in a deep soil—one that will retain moisture well in drouth.
In training allow only a few canes to grow from each plant, cutting away all suckers to
throw the strength into the stalk for bearing; all old canes should be removed immediately
after the fruit is all picked.

19. Blackberries—Require the same kind of soil and treatment as raspberries, except
that they should be planted in rows eight feet wide and four feet apart inthe row. A neat
and improved method of pruning will make the plants self-sustaining bushes, viz.: As soon ag
the plants are about four feet high, clip off the points of the growing cane and repeat the
operation several times, until they assume the form of a bush. If not pruned in this manner
they require to be tied to a stake or wire trellis. Mulching is of great advantage to both rasp-
berries and blackberries.

20. Grapes—If planted for fastening to a trellis or arbor, should be eight feet apart; if
tied to stakes, six feet apart. The holes should be dug not less than four feet wide and two
feet deep. Burying bones under the roots make the vines more prolific and the fruit of better
quality. The bones should be putin the bottom of the hole and covered with fine soil, then
pour on a little water to settle the dirt amongst the bones; then fill up with mellow soil to
within five or six inches of the top; cut off the bruised and broken roots; straighten the roots
to their natural position and cover them with fine mellow soil about two inches, packing it
carefully with the hand; then sprinkle on sufficient water to moisten the roots, fill up the hole
and press the dirt very firm as you fillin. A stake should be placed with each vine at the time
of setting, six to seven feet high. The first year train one shoot only up to the stake; pinch
off all the others and also all the lateral or side shoots that appear during the first season ;
cut the vine down to within three or four buds of the ground. The following season train up
two shoots in the same manner. It is advisable to remove most varieties from trellis and
cover with dirt during winter.

21. Strawberries—The ground should be prepared the same as for the other crops; if .

not already rich, make it so bymanuring. Mark out the rows the desired width and set plants
twelve to seventeen inches in rows; if set twelve inches in rows four feet apart, an acre will
require 10,890 plants—same as if sixteen inches in rows three feet apart. Keep in rows and
cultivate. A new bed should be planted every two or three years. In the early winter,
when the ground is frozen, cover the whole with long straw, which should be partially
removed from the row in the spring, but enough allowed to remain on the ground as mulch to
keep the berries clean the following summer. When the plants are moved in the fall they
should be left until September. If taken up too early the plants are not as likely to live, as the

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MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA.

roots are soit and spongy and will not bear exposure so well as after they have become
matured and ripened.

22. Wintering Trees When Procured inthe Fall—Procuring trees in the autumn for early
spring planting is recommended, when the purchaser is not prepared to plant in the fall or
prefers spring setting, or where the winters are too severe to set out young trees and plants
in the fall. The greatest advantages derived in doing so are that when theroots have been cut
or pruned it will be found upon taking them up in the spring, that a callous has been formed,
ready for the producing of newrootlets, and the trees being planted without much exposure as
soon as the frost is out of the ground, will become thoroughly established the first season, and
should make twice the growth of late planted trees, and the labor of planting is done before
the rush of spring work setsin. To insure success select a dry spot of ground where water
will not stand during winter and no grass or litter that will invite mice. Dig a trench from
three to four feet wide, according to the amount of trees to be heeled in, and deep enough to
admit one layer of roots and sloping enough to let the trees lie at angle of about 30 degrees,
throwing the earth on back part of the trenches so as to make a more perfect slope on which
to lay down the trees. Putin one layer of trees, placing the roots as close together as can
conveniently be done; cover them with well pulverized, moist soi] well up on the bodies, and
see that itis carefully worked in about the roots, as if they were being planted; then add
another layer of trees, overlapping the first, and continue as at first until all are heeled in,
throwing the ground well up around the branches, with about six inches of dirt on the tops,
covering the trees entirely up with earth. Theroots should be pruned before laying them
down in the fall.

Peach trees and apricot trees should be mounded up every winter and allowed to remain
a little later in the spring to insure full crops and protect them from late frosts.

RECIPES.

Customers will find it to their advantage to follow the directions of this catalogue.

Protect from rabbits and mice during autumn and winter with wire netting or by tying
eornstalks or coarse grass around the body of each tree, and always mulch your trees as soon
as they are planted, or keep well cultivated.

Dissolve two pounds of potash in two gallons of water; apply to young trees with soft
brush. This is a good wash.

Leached wood ashes placed with soil around the body of peach trees afford protection
against the invasion of the peach borer.

To kill the rose-bug and slug, sprinkle the bush with a mixture of whale oil soap and

tobacco juice.
AN INVALUABLE RECIPE.

Take Stone Lime, slake and prepare as for ordinary whitewash, in an old barrel or box.
Take enough at a time to make a bucket two-thirds full of the consistency for ordinary white-
washing. Now add one pint of Gas Tar, one pound of WHALE O1 Soap dissolved in hot
water (or one pound of common Sort SoaP, or one pound of Porass, or one pint strong LYE
from wood ashes), then add CLay or Loam enough to make the bucket full of the wash of the
proper thickness to be applied with a whitewash brush. If the trees have had the earth
ridged up around them, take the earth away from around the collar and apply the wash tothe
body of the trees from the limbs to the ground or down to the roots.

Its advantages are: First—It will destroy the bark louse and will give the trees a
bright, clean, healthy appearance. Second—The wash will drive out all borers that may be
in the trees, and moths will not deposit eggs on or about the trees the same season
the wash is used.

All who grow apple, peach, dwarf pear, quince and ash trees should use this wash; don’t
fail to use it because not patented and sold at a high price. We have known cases where
peach trees have been badly affected by the borer, and they have all left and the trees become
healthy and vigorous with one application of the wash.

Again, mice and rabbits will not girdle trees where the wash is used. Apply in May for
borers and general. benefit to the trees, and in autumn asa preventive against mice and rab-
bits. Use the wash annually. Gas tar applied pure will kill trees.

It emphatically pays to thin fruit on the treeso that no two will touch. The result is
increased size and perfect specimens free from rot and disease.

8 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

NUMBER OF TREES AND PLANTS TO AN ACRE.

30 feet by 30 feet apart .................08 48 12 feet by 12 feet apart.................0000 302
25» AT 66 PDs T08h Re ee 69 BA AP SEN ro I Ree ae eee eee 1360
OS (FX ae HEM is (Re ott a Mey. 80 Gi fA pe ons ot SAY pea See cmeenls pees 1210
SH SE vay tee GEM R28 SURE EA 97 A. yithsrurad: « “Fins SSusceye A gait ae SE a 2722
LE i Bg aR ce eae 140 3 (FURIE 61 Ae dock thi eben Cee 14520
20: offen ' taal i <1) SERNA eta th 218 Dt eR Di oF fs Gasnasthae eedtdeane 10890

The number of plants required for an acre, at any given distance apart, may be ascer-
tained by dividing the number of square feet in an acre (43,560) by the number of square feet
given to each plant, which is obtained by multiplying the distance between rows by the dis-
tance between the TREES or PLANTS. Thus strawberries planted three feet by one foot, gives
each plant three square feet or 14,520 plants to the acre.

SPRAYING.

Experience and careful study of the habits of insects and the causes of rot, fungus and
blight, which are so destructive to fruit trees, plants and fruits, have demonstrated the fact
that spraying properly done and at the proper time, for protection against these enemies of the
horticulturist, is the best, if not the only remedy. That it has succeeded, and will succeed,
is evidenced by the rapidly increasing interest manifested in the manufacture, sale and use of
spraying machines, and the good results obtained by those who practice this mode of
protection.

It is impossible in a catalogue like this, to give descriptions of insects, diseases, etc., but
only a brief outline of how to prepare formulas and when and how to use them in order to
effect a remedy, which will be found as follows:

WHEN AND HOW TO SPRAY.

Apple Trees. For prevention of leaf blight, spray with Bordeaux Mixture as soon as the
leaves have developed. Repeat the application at intervals of two to four weeks, until the 1st
of August. For the canker worm and codling moth, spray with Paris Green or London Pur-
ple, as soon as the blossom has fallen, and about ten days later or after heavy showers of rain.

To destroy the aphis or plant louse, spray with tobacco water or with keroseneemulsion
as soon as the pest appears. Treatment for bitter or black rot or scab in the fruit is Bordeaux
Mixture just before the leaves and blossoms expand, and again soon after the fruit has set;
then again fourteen days later, and again in about four weeks. This disease has also been
successfully treated by Sulphide of Potassium. When necessary to spray for the above and
also for canker worm or codling moth, a combination of Bordeaux Mixture or Paris Green or
London Purple can be applied, which is as effective as when separate treatments are made,
using the same proportion of London Purple or Paris Green as if used alone.

Pear and Quince require about the same treatment as the apple.

Cherry. Treat about the same as the apple, but do not continue too late,so as to
discolor the fruit.

Peach. Brown rot, fruit rot, twig blight, spray just before the buds begin to swell with
a simple solution of copper sulphate, using one pound to twenty gallons of water. While the
buds are swelling, spray with the Bordeaux Mixture and repeat when the fruit has set. When
the fruit is growing, spray with ammoniacal carbonate of copper, using one ounce of copper
carbonate to twelve gallons of water. Repeat with this latter formula at intervals of six to
eight days, until the fruit is harvested. It is only necessary to make so many applications
where there are indications or danger of the rot. It is believed that frequent applications of
the Sulphide of Potassium will prevent the rot and scab.

Plum. CurcuLio.—Spray the trees with Paris Green and lime, each at the rate of one
pound to about 200 gallons of water. For brown rot and fruit rot, treat same as for the
peach.

Grapes. For black rot, use the Bordeaux Mixture before the disease appears, and con-
tinue its use, but not too late to discolor the fruit when ripe.

Gooseberries. Mitpew.—Bordeaux Mixture or Sulphide of Potassium. Weekly applica-
tions of the latter have given excellent results. .

Raspberries. ANrTHRACNosE (Cane Rust).—This disease has not been very successfully
treated. The best recommendation that can now be given is to spray the bushes thoroughly
with the copper sulphate solution before the buds swell in the spring, and follow this
with copious applications of Bordeaux Mixture at intervals of two weeks.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 9

FORMULAS.

Bordeaux Mixture. FormuLta.—The “Normal” or 1.6 per cent. Copper Sulphate, six
pounds; Quicklime (unslacked), four pounds; Water, forty-five gallons.

If air-slacked lime is used in place of the fresh article, double the amount should be used ;
but the fresh is much more reliable. By combining the copper and lime it is found that the
copper sulphate may be used more freely and with less injury than if used alone, and that it
will adhere a long time to the foliage.

To make the Bordeaux Mixture, dissolve the copper in hot water (or if placed in a coarse
sack or basket, and suspended in a tub of cold water, it will dissolve in two or three hours,
while if put in cold water on the bottom of a tub or vessel, it remains undissolved for a long
time), then in a separate tub slack the lime thoroughly, and when both are cold, pour the two
together, stirring constantly. Dilute with water to make forty-five or fifty gallons of liquid.
Before using the mixture should be strained through a burlap or fine wire strainer to takeout
the coarse particles of lime.

If insects are found attacking the plants or trees to be treated for fungous growth, Paris
Green may be added to the Bordeaux Mixture at the rate of one pound to 100 or 200 gallons
of the mixture; and the lime will prevent this large quantity of the Paris Green from burning
the foliage, and two pests be destroyed by one spraying.

In spraying peach trees use about one-third more water.

Kerosene Emulsion. FormuLta.—One-half poundcommon bar soap, two gallonsof water,
two gallons of common kerosene. Dissolve the soap in hot water; while still hot, add the
kerosene and stir vigorously until a soft soap or cream-like substance is formed. When cold,
dilute with water to make from ten to twenty-five gallons of liquid. This is used for
the destruction of sucking insects like aphides (plant lice), scale insects, etc. Always use soft
water.

Paris Green alone can be safely used only at the rate of one pound to 250 to 300 gallons
of water; if, however, two pounds of lime are slacked in water, and added to twenty-five gal-
lons of water, at this rate one pound of Paris Green can be used in 100 gallons of water with-
out injury to the foliage.

To prevent mildew use one-half ounce Potassium Sulphide to one gallon of water.

GHEAP TREES.

Our salesmen are often informed by prospective customers how cheap they can buy trees,
and we frequently receive letters, the writers stating they have written to other nurserymen
and growers and intend to place their orders where they can buy the cheapest. Just a word
about cheap trees. The prices some trees are offered at practically exclude the possibility of
their being first-class. No experienced grower will recommend you to buy cheap trees simply
because they are cheap, or buy auction stock, but goto anestablished nursery firm which
has a reputation at stake, and will notin its own interests palm off a worthless tree. A
few cents per tree extra at first is dollars saved in the long run. If you buy an ill-formed
scrubby tree it remains a scrubber all its life. A good tree takes up no more room than a bad
one; byall means plant the good. Do sensible men buy the cheapest horse, the cheapest clothes,
employ the cheapest lawyer, or the cheapest doctor, because they are cheap? No; the same
applies to cheap trees. It isn’t natural. Buy the best obtainable to insure the most satisfac-
tory results. With all your getting, get the best. Trees that have been properly worked,
nurtured and cared for, well taken up with all their roots, and selected by throwing out any
that have poor roots, crooked in the stem, or stunted in growth, entail considerable outlay,
and are well worth the price we ask.

GUARANTEE OF GENUINENESS.

While the greatest diligence and care to have all trees, etc., true to label will be exercised,
mistakes may occur, and in such cases, upon proper proof, the trees, etc., will be replaced free
of charge; and it is mutually understood and agreed to between the purchaser and ourselves
that the guarantee of genuineness shall in no case make us liable for any sum greater than
that originally paid for the trees, etc., that proved untrue, nor for damage.

10 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

FRUIT DEPARTMENT.

ALE Le.

The first fruit, both in importance and general culture, is the Apple. Its period, unlike
' that of other fruits, extends nearly or quite through the year. By planting judicious selections
of summer, autumn and winter sorts, a constant succession can be easily obtained of this
indispensable fruit for family use.

There is no farm crop which, on the average, will produce one-fourth as much income
per acre as will a good apple orchard.

As fruit has become cheaper on account of the increased supply, a large and constantly
increasing European export has sprung up, which affords highly remunerative prices for the
best selected specimens of our orchards, while the process of ‘“‘evaporation”’ of fruit has
become a recognized auxiliary to the horticulture of the land.

SUMMER VARIETIES.

Benoni—Medium, roundish, pale yellow, shaded with crimson; juicy, tender, sub-acid. Aug.

Chenango—Fruit medium size, oblong, indistinctly ribbed; skin whitish, splashed and mottled
with light and dark crimson; flesh white, tender, juicy, with a mild sub-acid flavor.
A pleasant fruit, esteemed for the table, and so handsome as to make it a quick selling
market variety; tree vigorous and a good bearer. Aug. and Sept.

Duchess of Oldenburg—Russian; medium to large size; skin yellow, streaked with red and
somewhat blushed; flesh juicy and good, with a rich sub-acid flavor; tree a vigorous
grower and abundant bearer; one of theironclads. Aug.

Early Harvest—Medium to large, roundish, bright straw color; flesh white, tender, juicy, crisp,
with arich sub-acid flavor; tree moderately vigorous and productive; one of the best.
First of July.

Golden Sweet—Large, pale yellow, very sweet and choice; good bearer. Aug.

y Red Astrachan—Large, roundish, nearly covered
with deep crimson, overspread with thick
bloom, very handsome; juicy, good, rather
acid; tree of the hardiest, vigorous and a

/ good bearer. July.

' Red June—Medium size, red; flesh white, tender,

juicy, brisk, sub-acid flavor; an abundant

bearer. Last of June.

, Sweet June—An excellent early sweet apple; pale
greenish-yellow, medium size, round; fine for
table and cooking. Last of June.

Yellow Transparent—Russian; fruit pale yellow,

’ roundish, oblate, medium size and good qual-
ity; skin clear white at first, becoming a
beautiful yellow when fully ripe. Tree some-

° : what dwarfish, but an upright grower and an

YELLOW TRANSPARENT. early and regular bearer. Ripens before Early

Harvest and keeps ten days longer, making it valuable for market.

FALL VARIETIES.

Autumn Strawberry—Medium, roundish, inclined to oval; streaked with red; flesh white, ten-
der and juicy; productive and desirable. Sept.

Fameuse (Snow)—Medium size, roundish, oblate; whitish ground, striped with deep red;
flesh very white, juicy and pleasant. Oct. and Noy.

Maiden Blush—Rather large, oblate, smooth, regular, with fine evenly shaded red cheek or blush
on a clear, pale yellow ground; flesh white, tender, sprightly, with a pleasant sub-acid
flavor; bears large crops. Aug. and Sept.

Milam—A small red apple of fair quality; hardy, productive and a good keeper. Late fall.

Rambo—Medium, yellowish, streaked with red and somewhat dotted; mild, tender and good.
Sept. to Nov.

Ramsdell Sweet—Rather large, oblong, obscurely conical, regular; dark rich red skin; flesh yel-
lowish, sweet, rich, tender; tree vigorous, upright, productive. Late Fall.

, co

ee

.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 11

Utter’s Red—Rather large, oblate, striped with red on a yellow skin; pleasant sub-acid; good
quality; popular, hardy northern sort. Late Fall.

Wealthy—Large, oblate, skin whitish yellow, shaded deep red and splashed and spotted; flesh
white, fine, lively, juicy. sub-acid, very good; chief fault is injury from excessive bearing:
one of the most desirable late fall varieties; hardy.

WINTER VARIETIES.

Arkansas Black—Origin, Bentonville, Ark.; tree is an upright grower, young wood very dark:
fruit medium to large; fine flavor; skin almost black; flesh yellowish, slightly sub-acid,
crisp. Jan. to July.

Baldwin—Large, roundish, deep bright red; juicy, crisp, sub-acid, good flavor; tree vigorous,
upright; afavorite in the East. Nov. and Dec.

Ben Davis—Fruit large, roundish, skin yellowish, splashed and striped, almost covered with
red; flesh white, tender, moderately juicy, sub-acid; tree hardy and a free grower; comes
into bearing early and very popular in the West. Dec. to March.

Bismarck (Dwarf)—Introduced from New Zealand. Very large, remarkably handsome and
showy; red on yellow ground; quality good, hardy and prolific, and bearsearly. Nov. to
Feb

;

Black Annette—Small, roundish, dark red; favorite in North and Central Iowa; hardy; early
winter.

Dominie—Medium; skin greenish-yellow with stripes of bright red; flesh tender and pleasant.
December,

Gano—Large, oblong; dark red on yellow ground (no stripes); seedling supposed to be
across between Ben Davis and Jonathan; certainly a valuable variety, becoming more
popular; tree hardy and upright. Dec. to May.

Greenville (Winter Maiden Blush)—Large, yellow, with red cheek; crisp, tender, juicy, with
mild sub-acid flavor; quality very good, a splendid eating apple. Dec. to April.

WINTER BANANA, GREENVILLE.

Samuel Miller, a noted fruit grower of Bluffton, Mo., writes: “Your letter received and the
box of apples in excellent trim. Have eaten one and pronounce it excellent. It is a most excel-
lent fruit and suits my taste exactly.”’

G. W. Campbell, president Ohio State Horticultural Society, says: ‘I think the apple
[Greenville] handsome, pleasant flavored, and a good one.”

W. W. Farnsworth, secretary Ohio State Horticultural Society: ‘‘I ate the sample of
Greenville you gave me and found it of very good quality, with a somewhat tougher skin
than the Maiden Blush, which will make it a better shipper.”’

12 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Grimes’ Golden Pippin—An apple of the highest quality for table use; medium to large size, yel-
low; tree hardy, vigorous, productive. Dec. w

Huntsman—Very large, golden yellow with bright red cheek; nearly sweet, fine flavor, aro-
matic; a choice and high selling market sort ; moderatety productive. Dec. and Jan.

Ingram—A seedling of Janet, tree more upright and fruit larger; roundish to conical; bright
and stripes on yellow ground; flesh greenish-yellow, delicate, juicy, sub-acid. Late keeper.

lowa Blush—Medium in size, roundish, conical, whitish with red cheek; quality fine, tart; tree
vigorous and hardy on the prairies. Noy. to Jan.

Isham Sweet—Fruit large, oblong, conical, greenish-yellow, striped with dull red, beautiful,
showy, good; tree hardy, spreading. Nov. to Jan.

Janet (Rawle’s)—Medium, roundish, oval, greenish-yellow, striped with red; crisp, rich and
juicy; one of the best and longest keepers; yields abundantly. Jan. to May.

Jonathan—Fruit medium, roundish; skin yellowish, nearly covered with dark red; fine
grained, very tender and of excellent flavor, favorite table variety. Dec.

Kaump—\Medium, yellow, good quality; early and constant bearer; tree vigorous, hardy; very
desirable at the North.

Keeper—Large and attractive; pale green skin almost entirely covered with rich red; quality
first-rate; a remarkable keeper; two years’ crops have been exhibited side by side at
county fairs, one specimen having been kept during the entire year.

Lansingburg—Medium, roundish, yellow, overspread with a grayish red, with a handsome red
cheek; flesh firm, sub-acid; good, valuable for its long keeping qualties. Jan. to June.

Longfield—Russian; fruit medium to large, yellowish-green, thickly covered with red stripes,
decided blush on sunny side; rich, sprightly, sub-acid; tree a free, upright grower, and
an early and abundant bearer; hardy northern sort. Dec. to March.

Mammoth Black Twig—Very large, dark red; original tree over 70 years old, sound and still
bearing; popular market variety in the West; superior to Winesap, which it resembles in
color, flavor and keeping qualities; vigorous, hardy, productive. Dec. to April.

Mann—Medium to large, deep yellow, juicy, mild, sub-acid; tree hardy, an upright grower,
early annual bearer and late keeper. April to May.

McIntosh Red—Medium, nearly covered with dark red; tender and juicy; extra quality.
Dec. to Feb.

McMahon—Russian; large, roundish-obovate; white skin; hardy; a favorite in Wisconsin.

Milwaukee — Seedling of
the Duchess. Large,
oblate, smooth and
regular; yellowish,
splashed and shaded
with deep red; flavor

aroma; tree strong
and healthy grower
and hardy; early and
abundant bearer.
Dec. to March.

Minkler—Medium,round-

\/ ish, oblate, slightly
conical; pale greenish
yellow, striped and
splashed with two
shades of red; flesh
yellowish, moderate-
ly juicy, solid, sub-
acid; tree irregular
grower. January to
April.

Missouri Pippin—Large,
oblong, bright red,
MILWAUKEE. with numerous gray
dots, very handsome

and of fair quality; early and abundant bearer and profitable. December to March.
Northern Spy—Fruit large, slightly conical, somewhat ribbed; skin greenish-yellow, striped
and shaded with dark purplish crimson; flesh white and tender, rich and delicious flavor.

Dec. to March.

pleasant with spicy:

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 13

Northwestern Greening—Greenish-yellow, smooth, rich, of large size, good quality and extra
long keeper; tree very*hardy and vigorous; abundant, annual bearer. A coming

variety. Jan. to June.

From Secretary’s report Iowa State Horticultural Society: “This variety (N. W. Green-
ing) has been favorably reported on from thirty-eight counties.”

Elmer Reeves, Waver-
ly, delegate to Minneso-
ta Horticultural Society,
says: ‘Northwestern
Greening is a safe apple
to grow. It is a good
apple for market and for
home use, and isa good
keeper.”

From paper read by
W. A. Burnap, Clear
Lake, before lowa State
Horticultural Society:
‘‘In spite of adverse re-
ports and criticisms of
the Northwestern Green-
ing in 1892, trees set in
that year, disregarding
opinions and promulga-
tions, persisted in grow-
ing vigorously and are
now bearing beautiful
crops of fine fruit. The
behavior of these trees,
together with some facts
learned later, induced me
to set five hundred trees
of this variety, and as
yet | am not sorry forthe A
venture thus made.” In NORTHWESTERN GREENING.
the discussion that fol-
lowed this paper the following additional points were brought out: ‘‘That the Northwest-
ern Greening bears exceptionally large fruit and comes into bearing at an early age; that it
was not affected by root killing the severe winter of 1898-9, and thatit does not blight. It
is a colossal apple in Wisconsin, and up there as well asin Minnesota and Northern Iowa,
they are very partial to it.”

In discussing the best variety of winter apple, B. F. Ferris, of Hampton, in lowa Hot ticul-
tural Report, says: ‘‘I will gladly give first place to Northwestern Greening as a winter
apple. Itisalarge, showy apple; keeps well, and will sell well. The tree looks and acts like
a good one and I recommend it.”’

Paradise Winter Sweet—Large, yellowish-white, blushing in the sun; flavor very sweet;
quality excellent; productive. Dec. to March.

Patten’s Greening—A Duchess seedling from Northern Iowa. Good size; olive green, with
some dull red stripes and splashes; flavor pleasant sub-acid, superior for cooking.
Dec. to Feb.

Peerless—Seedling of Wealthy. Medium, oblate, yellowish, shaded with dark red; tree a
strong, upright grower; prized as a dessert and cooking apple; bears young and
abundantly; very hardy; bears up to the 47th parallel.

Perry Russet—Above medium; yellowish-green, partly covered with russet; quality good;
tree hardy; bears about the best of any russet in the West. Dec. to May.

Pewaukee—Seedling of the Duchess. Large, roundish, somewhat flattened; bright yellow,
streaked and spotted with dark red; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid; very hardy and
esteemed in the Northern States. Dec. and Jan.

Price’s Sweet—Large, conical; yellow, splashed and striped and almost covered with red;
tender and sweet; good keeper. Dec. to March.

Red Romanite (Gilpin and Carthouse)—Rather small; roundish, smooth, handsome, streaked
bie deep red and yellow; flesh yellow, firm, rich, becoming tender in spring. Feb.
to June. :

14 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Romanstem—Fruit medium, whitish yellow, splashed with russet; flesh tender, juicy, rich,
musky flavor; fine dessert apple. December. 2

Rome Beauty—Large, yellow and bright red; fiesh yellowish, tender, juicy, sub-acid; tree
moderate grower, good bearer. Dec. to March.

Salome—Fruit of medium and uniform size; quality very good, which it retains even into
summer; claimed to have been kept in excellent condition until October; tree a strong
grower, very hardy; holds its fruit firmly even against strong wind storms; an early and
annual bearer, although a heavier crop on alternate years. Feb. to June.

Scott’s Winter—Medium, round, deep red, rather acid, good; very hardy and a long keeper.
Dec. to May.

Stark—Large, roundish, greenish-yellow, shaded, sprinkled and striped with light and dark
red and thickly sprinkled with light brown dots; flesh yellowish, moderately juicy, mild
sub-acid; vigorous, hardy. Jan. to May.

Talman Sweet—Medium, pale yellow; firm, rich and very sweet; valuable for preserving and
baking. December.

Walbridge—Medium, handsome, pale ‘yellow, striped with red; crisp, tender, late keeper;
vigorous, extremely hardy, one of the ironclads. Jan. to May.

White Winter Pearmain—Rather large, conical, ribbed; light yellowish-green with brownish-
\ red cheek; flesh whitish, with a rich, fine flavor; vigorous, productive. Jan. to April.

. Willow Twig—Large, roundish, greenish-yellow, striped with dull red; flesh firm, rather tough;
a late keeper.

Winesap—Medium, dark red; sub-acid; excellent, abundant bearer; a general favorite.
Dec. to April.

_, Winter Banana—The fruit is beautiful golden yellow, with bright red cheek; the flavor is very
distinct and agreeable, surpassing in aroma all other varieties of apples. It is wonderfully
productive and bears large clusters of fruit in two years after planting. A valuable mar-
ket apple. Highest quality, exquisite flavor, unsurpassed by either peach, plum or pear. 3
Tree as hardy as the oak and succeeds in all climates where fruit can be grown.

Wolf River—Extra large and handsome; yellowish-white, splashed with bright red, dots
‘large, scattering, light gray; flesh yellowish-white, coarse, dry when ripe; extremely
hardy in the Northern States. Dec.

Yellow Belleflower—Medium, oblong, apex narrow, conical; yellow with a blush in the sun;
tender when ripe; a beautiful and excellent apple in many localities. Dec. to April.

York Imperial—Large, angular; yellow, shaded red with indistinct red stripes; flesh yellow, a
firm, juicy; gaining favor with shippers and planters; one of the best; a good bearer and
keeper. Dec. to April.

CRAB APPLES,

Brier Sweet—A novelty in the line of crab apples, being sweet. Sept.

. Florence—Large, handsome; crimson, splashed with

. darker red; prolific; valuable. Sept.

WY Gen. Grant—Fruit large; dark red; flesh white; ten-
\ der and excellent for dessert; tree vigorous and

4 an upright grower. Oct.

“<~\ Hyslop—Almost as large as a Red June; deep crim-

\ son; very popular on account of its large size.

WY Martha—Very hardy; profuse bearer; beautiful tree.
October.

Red Siberian—About an inch in dameter, grown in
clusters; bears young and abundantly. Aug. and
Sept.

_ Transcendent—Fruit one and one-half to two inches

in diameter; excellent, productive; skin yellow,

striped with red. Aug. and Sept.
FLORENCE CRAB, Whitney—Large, averaging one and one-half to two ;
inches in diameter; skin smooth, glossy green, |
striped and splashed with carmine; flesh firm and rich; a great bearer: tree hardy and
handsome grower. Aug. and Sept.

Yellow Siberian—Medium; round; golden yellow. Sept.

aw

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 15

CHERRIES.

A great deal of attention is now given to the growing of Cherries. No home orchard
is complete without its proportion of Cherry trees, and it is one of the most profitable market
fruits. It will succeed on any kind of soil that is not wet.

The Heart and Bigarreau varieties are not so much of asuccess in the West and South-
west as in the Eastern States, but the Russians and Morellos succeed everywhere.

Cherries are now generally worked on the Mahaleb root, a stock that does not throw up
sprouts from the roots.

Black Tartarian—Large, bright purplish black.» Does not succeed in the West as well as some.
June.

Baldwin—Tree an upright vigorous grower; fruit large, almost round, very dark transparent
wine color: unexcelled in earliness, vigor, hardiness, quality and productiveness. New
and valuable. May and June.

Brusseler Braune—Russian. Large, globular, heart-shaped; very dark red; flesh firm, red,
acid; tree vigorous, prolific. Middle of July.

Dyehouse—A very early and sure bearer; ripens a week before Early Richmond, which
it resembles in color and flavor. May and June.

Early Morello—Medium; round, oblate; red; small pit, flesh firm. A little earlier than Early
Richmond.

Early Richmond—Medium size; dark red; juicy, acid, moderately rich; very productive and

unsurpassed for cooking; popular and valuable in the West. June.

Al » English Morello—Medium to large; round, ob-
26: scurely heart-shaped; blackish red, rich, acid,

: juicy and good; very productive and one of the
best market sorts. August.

Late Richmond—Medium size; oblate; red; flesh
juicy, rather acid, moderately rich. July.
Louis Phillippe—Fruit large, roundish, regular;

colorrich dark red, almost purplish black; flesh
red, mild, acid. Middle of July.

MONTMORENCY CHERRY.

Lutovka—Russsian. Large; rich darkred;
flesh red, juicy, mild sub-acid flavor ;
extra hardy. July.

May Duke—Large, dark red; rich, juicy;
shy bearerin the West. Middleof June.

Montmorency—A large, roundish, red, acid
cherry, larger than Early Richmond
and fully ten days later; very profit-
able. Middle of June.

Ostheim—A Russian cherry of recentintro-
duction; very hardy; color dark red,
flesh dark, juicy, with pleasant flavor.
Middle of July.

Terry—Fruit large, brilliant red; rich and
vinous, sub-acid flavor; tree upright
and handsome; very hardy and pro-
ductive. New. May and June.

Viadimir—Russian ; especially adapted to
withstand cold climates; size medi-
um, color almost black when fully
ripe; juicy and sweet; prolific bearer.
August.

Wragg—Much like English Morello, same
season; more productive and excels ie ee :
in size. yield and quality. ~ ‘TERRY CHERRY.

WRAGG CHERRY.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. ; 17

Yellow Glass—Russian. Large, yellow with red cheek, sub-acid. July.

¥ / Improved Rocky Mountain Dwarf—With its deep green, willow-like leaves, mass of pure white
flowers in spring and a load of fruit in summer, it is well worth cultivation as an orna-
mental shrub. Makes a bush four or five feet hgh, usually fruiting in two years, produc-
ing large quantities of jet black fruit of good size and ripening after all other cherries are
gone. Hardy as Wyoming sage bush.

PLUMS.

Budded on Imported Marianna and Myrobolan Stocks that will not Sprout from the Roots.
IMPROVED NATIVE VARIETIES.

America—Originated by Luther Burbank, the “Wizard of Horticulture.” Skin glosey coral
red when fully ripe: flesh yellow, moderately firm, juicy and high flavored; fruit large,
stone small; ripens early in Jue.

America is described by Mr. Burbank as “a
cross betweena Native and a Japan plum, the tree
having the general appearance of the Native plums,
and no doubt will prove hardy throughout the
United States.”’ The trees are very rapid, upright
growers, with very healthy, glossy leaves; should
prove to be avery reliable bearer every year, even
when others fail from winter-killed buds or from
spring frosts. In early bearing it excels, having the
past two seasons produced plums on two-year-
old trees, both in the orchard and in the nursery
rows.

j Chas. Downing—Cross of Wild Goose. Fruit quite

: large, round, red, mottled with darker red.
Ripens Aug. 15th to 25th.

Cheney—Large to very large; round-oblong; dull
purple red; skin thick; sweet. August.

DeSoto—Medium; bright red; sweet, rich, of fine
quality; extremely hardy and productive. Late.

wns Forest Garden—Large, round-oblong; orange-yellow
MERICA PLUM. ; ,
i overlaid with dotted red; skin medium thick;
flesh orange color, fibrous, juicy, good for -#.
home use. August.

Forest Rose—Large, round, dark red, vigor-
ous. Late.

Golden Queen—Tree remarkable for its unusu-
ally fine, upright growth. Fruit very
large, roundish- oblong; bright golden yel-
low, and of the most delicious quality, ~
quite unexcelled for canning, and very fine
foreating out of hand or forslicing and
serving with sugar and cream, as for
peaches. Ripens latter part of August to
Sept. 10th.

Hawkeye—Large, round-oblong; purple red;
skin thick; carries well to market; tree
vigorous. August.

Hammer—Cross of Miner. Very large; color
mottled red on yellow ground; prolific
bearer, nearly freestone.

Milton—Rather large, roundish oblong; dark
red; skin thin; flesh firm, good quality; the
earliest plum in the world.

Miner—Medium size, round, clouded and shaded
with dull red; excellent for canning and . He
cooking. Late: GOLDEN QUEEN PLUM.

18 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Pottawattamie (Improved)—Perfectly hardy and an immense annual bearer; fruit is yellow,
overspread with a bright pink and prominent white dots; flesh yellow, luscious, good.
ra ae July. Introduced and disseminated by the Mount Arbor Nurseries, Shenan-

oah, Iowa.

The Pottawattamie is sup-
posed to be a cross between the
Chickasaw plum family and the
Swedish Sloe, but is distinct and
different from all varieties of
plums. Its origin is not definitely
known; the parent tree sprang
from a Miner plum orchard
brought from Tennessee in an
early day. The tree is perfectly
hardy; an immense annual bearer
—twelve years without missing a
4| crop—generally overloaded. Our
s|‘ two-year-old trees are fruiting this
year; four-year-old trees have borne
a crop of two bushels to the tree.
A strong and vigorous grower.
The fruit is about the size of the
Wild Goose plum—quality much
superior. The taste is peculiarly
its own—we cannot definitely de-
scribe it. Those who have eaten
the fruit for the first time often re-
mark, ‘It has a peach taste.”
The color is a yellow ground, over-
spread with a bright pink and
prominent white dots, which give
it a transparent hue; has no acrid
taste; thin skinned and when
scalded peeis off like the tomato,
making it unequalled for canning
purposes; begins to ripen in our
latitude about the 25th of July;
season, three to four weeks. The
reason the plum pest—known as
the curculio—does not injure the
Pottawattamie fruit as it does
both native and foreign plums, is:
The Pottawattamie is a distinct
variety of fruit, being separate
from the plum species by the wid-
est lines known among the fami-
lies of stone fruit—the stem fasten-
ing on to the pit the sameas in the
cherry and peach varieties of fruit.
The growth is through the pitinto
the pulp by absorption. Hence
the sting remains local, and as there is no circulation through the pulp it cannot poison the
fruit, which is necessary to the life of the insect, and the growth of the fruit forces the
deposited egg to the surface, where it perishes and passes away leaving only a scar made by
the sting, the fruit maturing thoroughly. The same is true of both the peach and cherry, and
the Pottawattamie is possibly across of these fruits, and is destined to become the most
popular fruit in America.

Stoddard—Originated in Iowa; one of thelargest native sorts; light pinkish red; very hand-
some; it has a tough sweet skin, and is of most excellent quality. August.

Weaver—Fruit large, purple; flesh firm, rich, juicy, with a flavor resembling the Apricot; stone
free; early bearer and very productive. August.

Wild Goose—Large, round, light bright red; skin thin; flesh yellow, pulpy, cling, very sweet
and juicy when fully ripe; it is advisable to pack a few days before thoroughly ripe if
wanted for shipping; should be planted with other plum trees to insure perfect fertilizing
of blossom. This variety occupies same position among plums that Ben Davis does among
apples. July.

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IMPROVED POTTAWATTAMIE PLUM.

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MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. a hs

Wolf—Origin lowa. Large; yellow, nearly covered and mottled with red; a perfect freestone;
superb for cooking and serving raw with sugar; tree a good grower, hardy, prolific,
popular. August. ‘

Wyant—Origin Iuwa. Large, oblong; purplish red; semi-cling; skin thick; flesh firm; mid-
season.

EUROPEAN VARIETIES.

Bradshaw—Large; dark violet red; flesh yellowish-green; juicy and pleasant; productive.
Middle of August.

Coe’s Golden Drop—Large and handsome; light yellow; firm, rich and sweet; one of the best
late plums. Sept.

Damson—Fruit oval; skin purple, with blue bloom; flesh melting and juicy; rather tart;
separates partly from the stone. Sept.

German Prune—A large, long, oval variety, much esteemed for drying; color dark purple; very
agreeable flavor. Sept.

Grand Duke—Fruit large, of fine quality; color violet red; freefrom rot. Last of Sept.
Green Gage—Small, well liked where grown; treeslow grower. Middle of August.

Lombard—Rather large; roundish-oval; violet red; juicy, pleasant and good; valuable market
variety, not liable to rot; productive. Middle of August.

Moore’s Arctic—Fruit grows in large clusters; large; dark purple; flavor fine both for pre-
serving and for dessert; along keeper; vigorous. Sept.

Richland—A new domestic plum; tree upright; vigorous;
fruit good size, round; color, deep blue; flesh greenish-
yellow, juicy, sugary; ripens last of August; very
profitable for market; bears abundantly; hardiest blue
plum ever offered.

For some time we have been in search of a blue plum
specially adapted to the Central West, and after extensive
experimenting and thorough trial we confidently offer
the Richland as possessing all the requisites of a hardy {
blue plum that will bear prolifically and give complete B
satisfaction. Of late years, with the introduction of nec- §
tarines, apricots, and the importation of California &
plums, a prejudice has arisen against the varieties of &
small plums, the trees of which soon grow into a veri- &
table thicket. Frequent crops of peaches have also helped
to crowd these inferior plums off the market and into dis-
repute in the orchard. Wherever the Richland has been
_introduced the plum has immediately been restored to
favor. The Richland will not sprout from the roots,
being budded on stocks that donot send out sprouts.
The Richland is the perfection of all that is desirable for
both canning purposes and eating direct from the RICHLAND PLUM.
tree.

Prof. Waugh, in his new Plum book, gives the history of the Richland as originating on
the farm of Randall Elder, near Richland Center, in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. In color it
is a beautiful and peculiar blue, shaded with a tinge of red that gives it a copper color.
Indeed, when first introduced, it was known as the “Copper” plum.

The Richland Plum was introduced in Southwest Iowa six years ago by Mr. M. M. Hamil-
ton, of Clearfield, who has made a success of fruit growing. From his bearing trees the Mount
Arbor Nurseries first secured their propagating stock. Since then we have grown the trees
in the nursery row and in the experimental orchard with most satisfactory results. Wenow
present this plum to the public confident that itis the very best of its kind for planting in
this section.

Shipper’s Pride—Fruit large; color dark purple, handsome and showy; flesh firm and of
excellent quality; productive and valuable for market; hardy. Sept.

Spanish King—Seedling of the Lombard. A wonderful variety, not affected by worms or
insects and cannot be shaken off by the wind, as the stem attaches to the pit; commands
the highest prices. August. .

Tatge—Originated at Belle Plaine, lowa, about twenty-five years ago; has stood the winters
unharmed; evidently a seedling of the Lombard; is larger, rounder and of darker color;
productive and valuable. August.

Yellow Egg—Very large, egg-shaped; bright yellow; excellent for canning; good. Last of Aug.

20 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

JAPANESE VARIETIES.

Abundance—Large, with pointed apex; yellawish, nearly covered with bright cherry red;
bears young and profusely; flesh yellow; excellent quality and one of the most popular of
the Orientals. Last of July.

Burbank—A valuable sort, ripens later than Abundance, large, globular; orange-yellow, over-
laid with red; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, rich. August.

Chalco—The result of twelve years’ experimentsin crossing Prunus Simoni (Apricot Plum) with
Japan and American varieties, it is the forerunner of a new hardy race of plums; tree
a tremendous grower and unsurpassed in productiveness, hardy; fruit ripens just before
Burbank; large, flat, deep reddish purple; flesh yellow, very sweet, rather firm, exceedingly
fragrant, seed small; like the Apricot Plum the fruit is almost stemless and completely
surrounds the older branches; a superior shipping sort, ripening well when picked green,
and keeps nearly a month. 7

Hale—Medium, globular; light orange red; flesh yellow, firm, spicy. Very late.

Ogon—Medium, roundish, oblate, distinct suture; bright golden yellow; flesh firm, rich, sweet
and dry; excellent forcanning. First of July.

Red June—Large; roundish conical; deep vermilion red, handsome bloom, very showy; flesh
lemon yellow, slightly sub-acid; good and pleasant; semi-cling, pit small. July.

Wickson—Medium; glowing carmine with heavy white bloom; stone is small and the flesh is
of fine texture, firm, sugary and delicious; will keep two weeks or more after ripening;
tree gracefully branching and productive. Sept. 1st.

PEACHES:

Budded vs. Seedling Peaches—Peach trees are quickly and easily grown from seed, and in
some sections there is a notion prevalent that such trees are more hardy than those grown by
the budding process. It is of course understood that all of the recognized standard varie-
ties of peaches originated from chance seedlings. This establishes the fact of the wide
difference in fruit from seedling trees, no two being alike. The peach does not reproduce
from seed the same sort as planted. It was thought for a time that some varieties had
been discovered that would reproduce from seed, but late scientific investigations prove
beyond a doubt that it is a pomological impossibility. Thus, in order to perpetuate a
variety of seedling that has been found hardy and worthy it is necessary to resort to
the budding process.

The Bokara and other named varieties of peaches were discovered to be exceptionally
hardy trees that bore large, luscious fruit, and there is no reason why these varieties repro-
duced by budding should be any less hardy as thefruit continues just as large and luscious.
Fruit from budded trees is far superior to that from ordinary seedlings, because the first
is selected and the other taken at random. Budded trees are more hardy than seedlings, if the
right kind of budded trees are secured. Where exceptional fine fruit has been secured by chance
from a seedling tree itis possibly worthy of reproduction, which can only be done by the bud-
ding process, as seed planted will not bring forth the same quality of fruit. Budded trees from
this variety will prove just as hardy as the original.

Alexander—Large size, well grown specimens measuring eight inches in circumference, hand-
some and regular in form, with deep maroon shade, covered with the richest tint of crim-
son; rich and good in quality with a vinous flavor; adheres to the stone; should remain
on the tree until fully ripe. Last of June.

Amsden—Fruit medium; color red, beautifully shaded and mottled with a very dark red,
nearly covering the greenish-white ground; flesh white, with a delicious flavor when
ripened on the tree. Middle to end of June.

Bailey—Medium; yellow mottled and striped with red; freestone with small pit; flesh white
and of best quality; profuse bearer, so that fruit must be thinned to secure full sized fruit,
and then often the branches must be propped to prevent breaking the tree; tree is dwarf-
ish and of willowy habit of growth. Season medium early.

H. W. Lathrop, Iowa City, Iowa, writes the Orange Judd Farmer: “In 1851 Dr. Bar-
rows, of Davenport, sold to Jacob Friday a farm lying in Scott County, upon which were
three peach trees. Mr. Friday lived upon this farm until five years ago. During that time he
raised peaches from these three trees and a few others propagated from them, bis annual crop
often exceeding 100 bushels. Mr. Friday says that they never failed to produce a good crop
during the thirty-eight years he spent on that farm. About thirty years ago a man living
about four miles north of Muscatine, got some trees of Mr. Friday and has been raising peaches

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 21

ever since. Some twelve years ago Abner Branson, of West Branch, began growing these
trees in his nursery. From this planting Dr. J. I. Bailey, of the same place, got six trees and
they have produced a good crop
every year sinee they began bear-
ing, some years bearing five bush-
els to the tree. A peculiarity of
this variety is that the trees be-
come hardened before close of
autumn.”

Bokara No. 3—Iruit good size,
yellow with red cheek, skin
tough, flesh of superior quality;
a perfect freestone; ripens fore
part of August; its keeping
qualities not excelled; does not
rot like many sorts, being in-
clined to shrivel rather than
rot; have known them to be
kept in good condition with
ordinary care for a month
after ripening.

Bokara No. {0Q—A large white, free-
stone peach, with a pink shade
on one side; ripens last of July,
and is undoubtedly the finest
flavored peach grown; very
hardy; trees planted here six
years have never had even the
tips of the limbs killed back
a particle; an immense annual
bearer, three-year trees pro-

_ducing one and one-half bush-
els of fine fruit to the tree; no
one can miss it by planting of
this sort.

The Bokara Nos. 3 and 10 are
the hardiest peaches introduced,
having stood 28 and 32 degrees
below zero and bore full crops of on we
fruit. The seed from which these $3 A Pas ine: i Set secs
remarkable varieties originated, . LIMB OF BOKARA PEACH NO. 3.
was sent from the cold regions of ‘
Bokara, Asia, by American missionaries to the State Agricultural College at Ames, Iowa.
The trees produced from the seed sent were given different numbers; of these both numbers
3 and 10 proved of exceptional value, and all others were discarded.

Prof. Budd and other eminent horticultur-
ists who have tested them, say they are thirty
per cent. hardier than other varieties. Of fine
quality and immense bearers.

/Carman—Large, resembles Elberta in shape;
color creamy-white or pale yellow with deep
blush; skin very tough, flesh tender, fine
flavor and quite juicy. Ripens with Early
Rivers. One of the hardiest in bud; in ship-
ping qualities and freedom from rot it is un-
surpassed. Stands at the head for a general,
long distance, profitable, market variety, in
quality ranking superior to anything ripen-
ing at thesametime. July.

-Crawford’s Early—This beautiful yellow peach
is highly esteemed for market purposes.
Fruit very large, oblong; skin yellow, with
fine red cheek; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet
and excellent; productive; free. Last of
CROSBY PEACH. July.

%

22 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Crawford's Late—Fruit of the largest size; skin yellow, or greenish-yellow, with dull red cheek;
flesh yellow; productive; one of the best; free. Last of August and September. ,

Crosby (Ironclad)—Medium size, bright orange-yellow, streaked with carmine. On account
of its beautiful color and fine quality it commands a ready sale in competition with best
standard market sorts. Claimed to be the hardiest of all peaches. Good for both home
and market. September 10th.

Champion—Originated at Nokomis, Illinois; fruit large, beautiful in appearance; flavor deli-
cious, sweet, rich and juicy; skin creamy-white, with red cheek; freestone. August 15th.
The peculiarity of this great acquisition is its hardiness, the crowning event in its his-
tory being that it has stood a temperature of 18 degrees below zero, and produced an
abundant crop the following season.

Dewey—Skin deep orange-yellow, with crimson cheek: flesh clear yellow to the stone; juicy,
melting, vinous; ripens with Triumph and possesses many points of superiority over
that popular variety.

Early Rivers— Large, light straw color, with delicate pink cheek; flesh juicy and melting, with
very rich flavor. First of July.

Elberta—A cross between Crawford and Chinese Cling; very large, well colored; all things con-
sidered, the finest yellow freestone in cultivation; no one can go amiss in planting it:
ae perfectly free from rot, and one of the most successful shipping varieties. August

Fitzgerald—Originated on the north shore of Lake Ontario, and in that cold region the orig-
inal tree bore five successive crops. Tree will bear the second year from planting. The
fruit is large, skin bright yellow, suffused with red; flesh deep yellow and of the best qual-
ity; seed yery small. Freestone. August 10th.

Greensboro—The largest and most

. beautifully colored of all the

early varieties. Double the

size of Alexander, ripening at

same time. Parts clear from

stone when fully ripe. Flesh
white, juicy and good.

Heath Cling—Large, oblong,
creamy-white, slightly tinged
with red in the sun; very ten-

‘ der, juicy, melting; very rich
and luscious. Sept. 15th.

Hill’s Chili—Rather large; oval;
flesh and skin yellow, rather
dry; productive and good for
drying; tree very hardy and a
good bearer. September.

Lemon Cling—Large, oblong, hav-
ing a swollen point similar to
a lemon; skin yellow with red
cheek; flesh yellow, firm, juicy
and sweet; tree a fine grower.
August.

Mixon Cling—Large, pale yellow,
with red cheek; juicy, rich and
high flavored; one of the best
clingstone peaches. August
20th.

Mixon Free—Large, pale yellow,
-with deep red cheek; rich and
good; one of the best. Au-
gust.

Mountain Rose—Large, red: flesh
white, rich, juicy, excellent;

ee one of the best early peaches;

GREENSBORO PEACH. should be in every collection.

July.

- Northboro—Medium size; nearly covered with red; flesh crimson;perfect freestone and delicious

flavor; origin, Page County, lowa. August Ist.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 23

New Prolific—A fine, large variety, ripening between Crawford’s Early and Crawford’s Late;
is taking a high position for both market and home use; fine, large, attractive. firm; one
of the best shippers; fiesh yellow, of fine flavor; tree a strong grower, hardy and product-
ive. September.

Russell—Above medium size, resembling Alexander in color and type; a perfect freestone; flesh
greenish-white, with yellow veins; stone small in proportion to size of peach; texture melt-
ing and juicy. July 25th to August 1st.

Originated by J. M. Russell, the famous ‘‘ Peach King,’’ of Wymore, Nebr., where he has
extensive orchards. After several years’ experimenting, the Russell is put out as a hardy and
desirable sort, especially adapted to this latitude. Bearing the name and recommendation of
Russell makes it good enough for anyone.

* Salway—Fruit large, roundish, deep yellow, with a deep, marbled, brownish-red cheek; fiesh
yellow, firm, juicy, rich and sugary; a new variety; a late showy market sort; free. Oct.

Smock Free—Fruit large, oval; skin orange-yellow, mottled with red; a good market sort.
September 15th.

Stump the World—Very large, roundish; skin white, with a bright red cheek; flesh white, juicy
and good; free. End of August.

Triumph—Earliest yellow flesh peach, with good eating and shipping qualities. Ripens with
Alexander, blooms late; sure
and abundant bearer; strong,
vigorous grower. Fruit good
size, yellow, with red and crim-
son cheek.

Wager—Fair size; good quality;
flesh bright yellow; skin gold-
en-yellow, with a red cheek;
tree eminently hardy, healthy
and long-lived, yielding good
crops when most sorts fail to
bear; highlv esteemed for can-
ning. Early in August.

Wonderful—Originated in New Jer=
sey; large to very large, uni-
form in shape and size; color
rich golden-yellow, overspread
with carmine and crimson;
flesh yellow, highly flavored
and firm, bright red at pit,
which is small and parts freely
from the flesh. Ripe in Octo-
ber and keeps well.

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PEARS.

The growing of this valuable
fruit for both home and market
purposes cannot be too strongly
urged. It far exceeds the apple in
its melting, juicy texture, rich
refined flavor; and the range of
varieties is such that by a judi-
cious selection, the ripening season
beginning in July can be continued
in succession into winter. It isa
mistaken opinion among some
persons that standard pears are
along time coming into bearing.
Many of the varieties begin to bear
in four to six years after trans-
planting, and some of the newer
varieties, such as the Kieffer, will
produce fruit as soon as the dwarf :
pear, which is usually two to three DUCHESS D’ANGOULEME PEAR.

24 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

years after transplanting. The pear when once in bearing seldom fails to produce a crop of
fruit annually.

Gathering Pears.—In order to retain the juice and best flavor, summer pears should be
gathered at least ten days before they are ripe, and autumn pears at least two weeks; win-
ter varieties as soon as the leaves begin to drop.

Thinning the Fruit.—When the trees are heavily laden the fruit should be thinned when
about one-third grown, else the fruit will be poor and the trees injured.

Varieties marked with a (*) opposite grown both as Standards and Dwarfs.

*Bartlett—Large size, with often a beautiful blush to the sun; buttery, very juicy and high
flavored; bears early and abundantly; very popular. August.

*Beurre d’Anjou—Large, greenish, sprinkled with
russet, sometimes shaded with dull crimson;
flesh whitish, buttery, melting, with a high,
rich, vinous, excellent flavor; very productive;
succeeds well on quince; should be in every
orchard. September to December.

*Clapp’s Favorite—Very large; yellowish-green to
full yellow when ripe, marbled with dull red in
the sun, and covered with small russet specks;
vinous, melting and rich. July.

_Duchess d’Angouleme—Very large; dull greenish-yel-
low, streaked and spotted with russet; flesh
white, buttery and very juicy, with a rich and
very excellent flavor; budded on the quince, to
which stock this variety seems well adapted,
itis always fine; the large and fine appearance
of this fruit makes it a general favorite; dwarf.
September and October.

Early Harvest—Large: golden-yellow, with a fine
red cheek; sells well on the market on account
of its size and color and earliness in ripening.
Standard. July.

_ Flemish Beauty—Large, beautiful, juicy, melting,
KIEFFER PEAR. rich and fine: good bearer; hardy everywhere.
Standard. August and September.

Garber—One of the Japan hybrids; earlier and hardier than Kieffer; hardy, productive, early
bearer. Standard. September and October.

Idaho—Color greenish-yellow, with russety spots; large, sometimes weighing 1% lbs.; round-
ish; good flavor and juicy; very hardy and
adaptedtothe North. Standard. Sept.and Oct.

Kieffer—This pear was raised from seed of the Chi-
nese Sand Pear, accidentally crossed with the
Bartlett or some other kind grown near it.
Tree has large, dark green glossy leaves, and is
of itself very ornamental; is an early and very
prolific bearer; the fruit is of good quality, won-
derfully showy, and is valuable for the table
and market; it never rots at the core, and is as
nearly blight-proof as it is possible for any pear
to be. September and October.

Koonce—Medium large; yellow, with carmine cheek;
a strong, upright grower; hardy; one of the
earliest successful market pears. Standard.
July and August.

Lincoln Coreless—Large, yellow. pyriform. Late
winter.
Mongolian Snow—Large, perfect shape; rich yellow,
with carmine blush; tree hardy and astrong,
upright grower; the hardiest and best of all the
Chinese varieties; will prove valuable up to the
42d parallel; profuse bearer and much better
quality than Kieffer; leaves clear, handsome
and perfect; absolutely blight-proof. Standard.
September and October. MONGOLIAN SNOW PEAR.

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MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 25

The Mongolian Snow is the best adapted of any pear to all climates and conditions; it
has no off years, bears productively every year; its color is unsurpassed, and it stands at the
head for keeping qualities; best for canning and for the table of any winter pear; best for ship-
ping, and sells at highest prices on the market. It isnot unusual for this great variety in
full bearing to net $5.00 per tree. Thus 500 trees on four acres of ground will make any man
a confortable living.

Salesmen need have no hesitancy in recommending the Mongolian Snow as the best pear
for this section, where nearly all others have proved a failure. Hereis what a prominent
fruit grower of Southwest Iowa says of this variety:

‘‘Rep Oak, Iowa, October 19th, 1901.
‘““Now concerning the pears, I will give you a few facts in regard to my experience with
the Mongolian Snow. Some six or seven years ago I secured a number of young trees from
Prof. Budd, and they have never shown a trace of blight, not even a twig or leaf, and are per-
fectly hardy. Last season they borea finecrop. This year a severe storm blasted all the fruit
on the south side while the trees were in bloom. Then two severe storms from the north
blew off lots of the fruit just before it was ripe. Yet when I gathered the crop the trees
yielded nearly a bushel to the tree of beautiful pears, large and very fine, quality good
enough for anyone. E. L. WARE.”

Seckel—Small; skin rich, yellowish-brown when ripe, with a dull, brownish-red cheek; flesh
very fine grained, sweet, exceedingly juicy, melting, buttery; the richest and highest flav-
ored pear known. August and September.

Vermont Beauty—One of the hardiest; fruit medium size, roundish; skin yellow, nearly covered
with carmine; flesh melting, juicy, fine flavor; one of the mdst desirable new varieties.
Standard. October.

Wilder Early—Size medium; greenish-yellow, with a brownish-red cheek and numerous dots;
peat white, fine grained, melting, excellent; about three weeks earlier than the Bartlett.
tandard.

APRICOTS.

Alexander (Russian )—An immense bearer; fruit of large size, oblong, yellow flecked with red;
flavor sweet and delicious; tree hardy; one ofthe best. July 1st.

Budd (Russian)—Of large size; white, with red cheeks; flavor sweet, juicy, extra fine; a hardy,
_ Strong grower and profuse bearer; the best late variety. August 1st.

Harris—A new variety, recommended for its good bearing qualities and extreme hardiness. It
was brought into notice by orchardists at Geneva, N. Y., who prize it highly as a market
variety. It is equal in size and quality to the best cultivated sorts.

Moorpark—One of the largest; orange, with a red cheek; firm, juicy, with a rich flavor; very
productive. July.

Nicholas (Russian)—Medium, white, sweet, melting. July.

Superb (Russian)—Beautiful yellow with red on the sunny side; rich, golden flesh and a
better, more constant bearer than any other variety. The seed from which this variety
was grown was introduced from Russia into Nebraska by the Mennonites. July.

S. B. Heiges, government pomologist at Washington, D. C., reeommends this choice apri-
cot as the equal of any he ever tasted. Its hardiness is unquestioned.

QUINCES.

Champion—A variety originated in Connecticut. The tree is a prolific and constant bearer;
fruit averaging larger than the Orange, more oval in shape; quality equally fine and
alonger keeper. Oct. and Nov.

Mammoth—The largest Quince in cultivation. Brought into notice in the vicinity of Kansas
City, Mo., where it is fruited extensively, and is attracting great attention on account of
its being large in size, perfect in shape, very rich and aromatic; tree vigorous, productive,

_ an early bearer and free from blight.

Orange—Large, roundish; bright golden-yellow; cooks tender and is of very excellent flavor;

valuable for preserves or flavoring; very productive... Sept.

26 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

MULBERRIES.

Downing’s Everbearing—Color blue black; flesh
juicy, rich, sugary, with a sprightly, vinous
flavor; tree ornamental as well as fruitful.

Hick’s Everbearing—Wonderfully prolific. Said to
be superior to the Downing.

New American—Fruit of the largest size, black,
delicious in flavor; an attractive lawn tree,
with very large leaves; of rapid growth;
hardy.

Russian—This makes a good shade and ornamental #
tree, growing full and symmetrical, holding §
its leaves late in the Autumn. It is a very
rapid grower, bears fruit at two or three
years of age, and every year. Color of the
fruit varies some, but is generally black; very
valuable.

We, el
9 1 Nj ee i ig

34

DOWNING’S EVERBEARING.

GRAPES.

Agawam (red)—Large, round, early and of great vigor of growth; rich, high, peculiar aro-
matic flavor.

Brighton (dark red)—A cross between the Concord and Diana Hamburg; bunches large, ber-
ries of medium size; flesh sweet, tender, and of the highest quality; ripens early.

Campbell’s Early (black)—
Its strong, hardy, vig-
orous growth; thick,
heavy foliage; very early
ripening and abundant
bearing of large and
handsome clusters of ex-
cellent quality, combined
with the most remarka-
ble keeping and shipping
qualities, form a combi-
nation equaled by no
otherzrape. Ripens with
Moore’s Early, but, un-
like that variety, it has
kept sound and perfect,
both on and off the vine,
for weeks after ripe. In
quality it is unrivalled
by any of our early mar-
ket grapes. It is, both
as to cluster and berry,
of large size, of a glossy
black color with a beau-
tiful blue bloom; pulp
sweet and juicy, free
from foxiness; seeds
small, few innumberand
part readily from the
pulp. The King of Amer-
ican Grapes.

Clinton (black)—Bunches
medium size, compact,
shouldered; berriessmall;
flesh acid, vinous flavor.
Vines hardy, vigorous
and productive, but im-

| proves by hanging long

CAMPBELL’S EARLY. on the vines.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 27

Concord (black)—Bunches large, berries large, round; skin thick and covered with bloom;
flesh juicy, sweet. Vine very hardy, vigorous and productive; at present the most popu-
lar of all our native sorts.

Delaware (red)—Still holds its own as one of the finest grapes; bunches small, compact,
shouldered; berrigs very small, round; skin thin; flesh very juicy, without any hard pulp;
exceedingly sweet, spicy and delicious flavor; vine moderately vigorous; very hardy and
productive.

Diamond (white)—In vigor of growth, texture, foliage and hardiness of vine, it partakes of the
nature of its parent, Concord, while in quality the fruit is equal to many of the best tender
sorts, and ripens two or three weeks
earlier than Concord. The colorisa
delicate greenish-white, with a rich,
yellow tinge when fully ripe; skin
smooth and entirely free from the
brown specks and dots which char-
acterize many of the white varieties;
very few seeds, juicy and almost en-
tirely free from pulp. Berry about
the size of the Concord and adheres
firmly to the stem. One of the best
of recent introductions.

Elvira (white)—Ripens about with Ca-
tawba; a very strong, healthy and
robust grower, very productive;
bunch and berry of medium size, and
very compact.

Eaton (black )—One of thelargest, both in
bunch and berry; clusters have been
exhibited weighing 30 oz.; berries
one inch in diameter; leaf large,
thick and leathery; berries round.
covered with heavy blue bloom:
pulp tender, separating from the
seeds.

Green Mountain (white)—This extra early
delicious grape was found growing:
on the side of the Green Mountains in
Vermont, at an altitude of 1,400
feet; supposed to be a chance seed-
ling; color greenish-white; skin very
thin: pulp exceedingly tender and
sweet; contains but one or two seeds
only, which separate from the pulp
with slightest pressure; quality

superb. DIAMOND.

McPike (black)—This grand variety was
originated in Southern Illinois; has taken premiums at Ohio, Illinois and Missouri State
Fairs. The McPike is a seedling of the Worden; perfectly hardy with a leaf unprecedented:
it is earlier than the Concord; bunches large, even and compact; berries even in size, covered
with a beautiful bloom, blue black in color; ripens uniformly and has generally the appear-
ance of the Worden. The berries are of mammoth size, being three inches in circumference
and of superb quality—by far the best grape grown.

Martha (white)—A seedling of the Concord which it resembles in growth and hardiness; bunch
of good size, and berry large, of pale green or light color; sweet, juicy, sprightly; ripens
with Concord.

Moore’s Early (black)—A large black grape of the Concord type, the entire crop ripening
before the Concord; bunch medium, berries large with blue bloom, flesh pulpy, of medium
quality. Vine hardy, moderately productive, better as it attains age. Planted extensively
as a market sort.

Niagara (white)—A magnificent white grape and very valuable for both garden and vineyard;
a rank grower and very productive of beautiful bunches of the largest size; berries large
with a tough skin; quality good; ripens about with Concord.

28 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Pocklington (white)—Is a seedling from Concord; vine hardy, both in wood and foliage: strong
grower; called a white grape, but the fruit is a light golden-yellow, clear, juicy and sweet
to the center, with little orno pulp; bunches very large, sometimes shouldered; berries
round and very large and thickly set: quality, when fully ripe, much superior to Concord;
ripens with the Concord.

Vergennes (red)—A Vermont seedling; hardy, vigorous and productive; quality good.

Worden (black )—This variety is a seedling of Concord, which it greatly resembles in appearance
and flavor, but the berries are larger, the fruit is better flavored and ripens several
days earlier.

Wyoming (red )—A very early, medium sized red variety; bunch small but compact; skin bright
red; sweet, very agreeable were it not for the slight foxy odor apparent when first gathered.

Woodruff (red)—Of ironclad hardiness. A rank grower and very healthy. The fruit is large
in bunch and berry, attractive, shouldered, sweet and of fair quality. Desirable as a mar-
ket variety. Ripens soon after Concord.

CURRANTS.

Black Champion—Bunches are very large and the fla-
vor of the fruit particularly delicious; it hangs
long on the bushes.

Cherry—The largest of all the red Currants, berries
sometimes measuring half an inch in diameter;
bunches short, plant very vigorous and product-
ive a grown on good soil and well culti-
vated.

_ Crandall (black)—A native, superior and distinct from
y the European black varieties and without their
strong odor; wonderfully productive, a strong,
vigorous grower; large size, 4 to % inches in
diameter; easily picked; can be shipped farther
and kept longer than any other small fruit; free from all
attacks of insect enemies.

Fay’s Prolific—Color deep red; a great bearer; stems longer
: than Cherry and berries hold their size to the end of the
stem better; quality first-class, not quite so acid as the
Cherry; claimed to be the most prolific and best of all red
Currants.

Lee’s Prolific—Black, large and of superior quality; vigorous
and productive.

/L.B Holland (Long Bunch Red)—Another new variety from
the extreme North; season late, very prolific; long bunches
of good sized fruit.
/North Star (red)—The average length of the bunches is four
inches; the fruit is superior, very sweet and rich in quality;
firm, a good market berry; desirable as a dessert fruit in
the natural state and unequaled for jelly.

-Pomona—This Currant is of good size and always attracts the
buyer on market. It is a beautiful clear, bright, almost
transparent red, has but few and small seeds, is much less
acid, or sweeter than any of the common sorts. It is easily
picked, hangs a long time after ripe, and is one of the best
to hold up in shipping or on the market. It also retains
its foliage long after all other sorts have shed most of
theirs, thus shading the fruit and protecting it from scald-
ing by the hot sun. In one year the crop of fruit from six
and one-half acres of Pomona Currants was sold at whole-
sale for $4,076.00 or over $627.00 per acre.

Red Dutch—The standard old variety; excellent and well
known; a great bearer and a very profitable market
sort.

Victoria—Large, bright red, with very long bunches; late; a
good bearer.

/ iif)
f i} i Yy
WAM,
Vi

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 29

White Dutch—An excellent and well known sort; good quality.

White Grape—Very large, yellowish-white; sweet, or very mild acid, excellent quality and valu-
able for the table; the finest of the white sorts; very distinct from White Dutch, having a
low spreading habit and dark green foliage; very productive.

GOOSEBERRIES.

Champion—A new variety introduced here from Oregon where it originated; fruit large, round;
an immense bearet and entirely free from mildew.

Downing—Fruit much larger than Houghton; roundish, light green, with indistinct veins;
skin smooth; flesh soft, juicy and fine flavored; vigorous and productive; a valuable
American sort.

Golden Prolific—An American seedling of the English type said to be free from mildew; fruit

large, deep golden-yellow, very handsome and attractive; of excellent quality; hardy and

a good grower.

Houghton—A medium sized American variety, which bears abundant

* and regular crops, and never mildews; fruit smooth, red, tender.
and very good; very valuable.

Industry—The best English Gooseberry yet introduced; of vigorous,
upright growth, and a greater cropper than any known variety,
and much less subject to mildew than other English sorts; ber-
ries of the largest size, one and one-half inches in diameter, and
of most excellent flavor, both pleasant and rich; color when fully
ripe, dark red.

Pearl—The most prolific Gooseberry known; a native American
variety, thoroughly tested and pronounced the best by many
authorities; berries one-half larger than the superb Downing,
which it resembles in color and shape; originated on the Canadian
experimental farm at Ottawa by crossing Houghton and Ash-
ton’s seedling; vigorous, healthy bush, free from mildew: in

PEARL. flavor this splendid sort is almost free from acid, and isa great

favorite for canping.

Red Jacket (Josselyn)—A purely American variety, rivaling the foreign sorts in size. A strong
thrifty grower, entirely free from mildew; very hardy and exceedingly productive. Ber-
ries large, smooth, of a beautiful ruby red, and of fine flavor.

Smith’s Improved—Large, oval, light green, with
bloom; flesh moderately firm, sweet and good;
vigorous grower.

RASPBERRIES.

Babbitt (black)—This remarkable berry originated
from a chance seedling at College Springs, Iowa,
on the farm of C. E. Babbitt, a life-long fruit
grower. It stands the severest winters without
injury, and is the least affected by drouth during
its fruiting season of any raspberry we have ever
known, and enjoys perfect freedom from disease.
The growth is tree form, vigorous, firm and very
stocky. The berry is jet black, large, firm and of
superior quality; it has a flavor superior to that
of any raspberry we have ever tasted; delicious
and sugary.

The Babbitt is a new candidate for favor with
the planters, which the introducers offer to the pub-
lic, confident that it will head the list of black-cap
raspberries.

It is enormously productive, yielding over 2,500
quarts per acre, under the same conditions 50 per
cent. more fruit than Older, Gregg, Hopkins, Palmer,
or any other standard variety. Ripens early, usually BABBITT RASPBERRY.

y

30 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

about June 1st. and continues ripening great loads of fruitfor a long season; in fact, it has
everbearing qualities that are very pronounced, ripening considerable fruit of good quality as
late as September 1st. A largenumber of berriesform onthe new growth, when an abun-
dance of fine, ripe fruit is ready for picking and marketing. It commands the highest market
price and has no equal for family use.
The Babbitt is given prominent notice in United States Agricultural Report of 1892.
Introduced by the Mount Arbor Nursery Company, Shenandoah, lowa. We have exclu-
sive control of this rare sort, but are offering it within reach of all. No oneshould be with-
out it.

Brandywine (red)—An enormous producer; berry beautiful, highly colored and firm; the most
valuable red raspberry for transporting long distances, and brings a high price in market.

Cardinal (red)—The most remarkable plant of cane growth yet introduced; canes not injured
by temperature of 26 degrees below zero; color dark red, almost purple; very productive;
berries large and round. The best of its kind.

Columbian (purple)—Fruit very large; dark red, bordering on purple; plant a very strong,
robust grower, hardy and wonderfully productive.

Cumberland (black)—The largest black raspberry known. Has been well tested in nearly all
sections, giving thorough satisfaction. In hardiness and productiveness it is unexcelled
by any other variety. In size the fruit is simply enormous, far surpassing any other sort.
The quality is very similar and fully equal to Gregg. The fruit is firm and will stand long
shipments. It is a mid-season variety. The bush is exceedingly healthy and vigorous,
and well adapted for supporting its load of large fruit.

Cuthbert (red)—A remarkably strong, hardy variety. Stands the Northern winters and South-
ern summers equaltoany. Berries very large, measuring three inches around; conical;
rich crimson; very handsome, and so firm they can be shipped hundreds of miles by rail in
good condition; flavor is sweet, rich, and luscious.

Golden Queen (yellow)—Seedling of Cuthbert, equaling that variety in vigor of bush and pro
ductiveness; fruit large; color a pure yellow; quality best; a decided acquisition.

Gregg (black)—A popular market sort; firm, meaty and of fine flavor; it is not entirely hardy,
but suffers during unusually severe winters; itis by far the best late black-cap and the
largest of any.

Kansas (black)—A valuable second early variety; large, handsome, firm, excellent quality;
very hardy and productive; one of the best.

Loudon (red )—Canes strong and hardy, and berries large size, good color and excellent quality.

Miller (red)—Extremely hardy, very productive; one of the earliest to ripen; an excellent
shipper, of good quality and attractive color.

Nemaha (black)—Originated in Nemaha County, Nebraska. A seedling of the Gregg, very simi-
lar, but later and better quality; stands more upright and much hardier; a good sort for
dry prairie sections. .

Older (black)—Originated in Iowa and stands the severest winters well; coal black; large size;
five days earlier than Gregg; reliable, productive and a drouth resister.

Palmer (black)—A standard early variety; large size and productive; hardy and of fine quality.

Shaffer’s Colossal (purple)—Colossal, both in bush and berry; carries to. market well; excel-
lent to dry and unsurpassed for canning; berry dark crimson in color and excellent in
quality; a very valuable variety; does not sucker, but roots from tips like black-caps.

Turner (red)—A beautiful red berry, of fine size and excellent quality; one of the hardiest and
most productive varieties known.

BLACKBERRIES.

_ Ancient Briton—Recommended as a first-class, hardy variety, in all sections subject to severe

winters; vigorous, healthy; fruit good sized and of fine quality for either home use or the
market.

Certificate of Inspection—The Mount Arbor Nurseries are annually inspected by the State
Entomologist from the Iowa Agricultural College at Ames, and every precaution known
to science is taken to prevent the inception of any dangerous insect or plant disease. The
growing nursery stock, packing grounds and entire premises are thoroughly scrutinized by the
expert, and a fac-simile of his statement is attached to every shipment, large or small, that
is sent out.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. a

Early Harvest—This is one of the earliest Blackberries in cultivation; a
compact, dwarf grower.

Erie—Enormously productive; perfectly hardy; very large and of good
quality; combines productiveness, hardiness, earliness, large size and
good quality—five strong points of merit in its favor.

Ohmer—As large as the largest; as hardy as any good berry; very pro-
ductive, strong grower, finest quality and late.

Rathbun—Flesh juicy and high flavored, soft throughout, no hard core,
sweet and delicious; carries well to market. Propagates from the
tips.

Snyder—Extremely hardy, enormously productive, medium size; no
hard, sour core; only a few thorns and they are short; most prolific
Blackberry grown. = (Ae

Stone’s Hardy—Vigorous grower; berry glossy black and good flavor; paryHeBuN BLACK-
a little later than Snyder. BERRY.

STRAWBERRIES.

Those marked (p) are destitute of stamens and are termed pistillate, and unless a row of
perfect flowering variety is planted at intervals they will produce imperfect fruit and but little
ofit; properly fertilized, as a rule, they are more prolific thar those with perfect flowers.

Bederwood (s)—Large, roundish, conical, bright scarlet, moderately firm, fair quality; plant
vigorous and very productive. A very valuable early sort for home use or near market,
following Michel’s Early.

Bisel (p)—For quarts and quarts of large, beautiful berries this variety has few equals. Above
the average in firmness; flavor sweet and pleasant; a profitable and early variety in rich
soil. .

Bubach (p)—A wonderful berry in vigor of plant and yield of fruit even under careless culture.
The fruit is in manyinstances enormous, and the average is large and handsome. It is
exceedingly productive and very valuable for a nearby market. Mid-season.

Captain Jack (s)—A most vigorous grower, healthy and productive; berries large, handsome
and solid.

Crescent (p)—Medium size, bright light scarlet, not very firm; continues a long time in fruit;
plant very vigorous and hardy, and will produce good crops under greater neglect than
any other Strawberry, and is a good paying variety for both family use and market.

Dunlap (s)—Greatest all-round variety yet produced; of the Warfield type, with perfect
blossom and ripening at same time; hardy, productive and able to hold its own under any
‘rough and tumble” method of culture.

Enhance (s)—A vigorous and healthy grower, with dark
green foliage; one of the most prolific in pollen; ber-
ries large size, firm, bright crimson color.

Gandy (s)—A reliable late variety, berries bright crimson,
very uniform in size and shape, large and firm; plants
vigorous and healthy.

Great American (s)—The largest variety cultivated; speci-
mens have measured nine inches in circumference.

Haverland (p)—Profitable by reason of its productiveness
- and earliness; hardy, firm enough for distant ship-
ment; requires deep, heavy soil; fruit large, handsome
and good, though not of the best quality; rather long
in shape and of a bright glossy crimson.

-Lovett (s)—The plants are rank and vigorous growers;
fruit large and uniform size, firm, of a high color,
splendid flavor. One of the best for general planting.

Michel’s Early (s)—The earliest of all good and reliable
Strawberries; large and very uniform; color beautiful
scarlet; shaped handsomely conical; quality very fine;

GANDY STRAWBERRY. pronounced by all who have tested it to be the finest.

32 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Nick Ohmer (s)—To see the plants of this is pleasing to theeye. Itis a strong grower with

heavy crowns, sending out plenty of very strong runners. It is probably not surpassed
in healthy, vigorous growth and great
productiveness by any variety. It hasa
perfect blossom. The fruit is of the
largest, a giant among strawberries. It
is never misshapen. Dark glossy red,
firm and of excellent flavor.

* Parker Earle (s)—Plant very robust, enor-
mously productive; flowers perfect, pro-

tected from late frosts by abundant
leaves; berries regular, conical with
short neck, glossy, scarlet crimson, firm,
no hollow core; carries finely in long
shipments, presents an attractive ap-
pearance in the crate, and brings the
highest price in market; season early to
medium.

. Princess (p)—A vigorous, healthy sort, very
productive of large, regular sized berries:
good quality, firm and holding size well
to end of season.

NICK OHMER STRAWBERRY.

Rough Rider (s)—A good runner and enormously pro-
ductive; berries very large, dark red color like
Gandy; extreme firmness enables the grower to ship
to distant markets; season late.

Shuckless (s)—Large, conical, light crimson; parts from
the calyx in picking; mid-season.

Sharpless (s)—This is one of the very best varieties in
certain soils; large in size; delicious flavor, good
bearer, bright color; specimens exhibited weighed
1% ounces, and measured seven inches in circumfer-
ence.

Splendid (s)—We can offer it to our customers with great
confidence; bears abundantly; fruit large and qual-
ity above the average.

Warfield (p)—Quality pleasant, good; the plant is a

vigorous grower with bright, healthy foliage;
early.

SPLENDID STRAWBERRY.

ASPARAGUS.

\ Columbian Mammoth White—Color white and remains so as long as fit for
use; robust and vigorous; perferred by canners,

(Gis

CH Z Tiga.
le ER

very close.

; BUFFALO BERRY.

WHITE ASPARAGUS. A hardy, tree-like shrub, attaining a height
of ten feet; of compact and symmetrical

habit. It would be an ornament to any yard for its foliage alone.
Fruit resembles small currants, but of richer taste, and literally
covers the twigs and branches. If not gathered will remain on

plants through the winter. Esteemed for tarts, pies, jel- :
lies, ete. BUFFALO BERRY.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 33

From ‘‘Colored and Variegated Trees and Shrubs for Ornamental Planting,” by J. L.
Budd, of Ames: “BurraALo Berry—This hardy native of the northwest exhibits its silvery
leaves and twigs in summer, its load of bright berries in autumn, and in winter its silvery-
white bark and twigs have special interest.”

From “‘ Desirable Flowering Plants and Shrubs,’’ by Eugene Secor, of Forest City: ‘“‘ Buf-
falo Berry ought to be better known and more generally planted. It is adapted to our climate
and is ornamental in appearance.”

LUCRETIA DEWBERRY.

This valuable and popular fruit is receiving deserved
recognition everywhere. It is really a low-growing
trailing blackberry, that can readily be trained to a
stake, keeping the fruit off the ground. Perfectly hardy,
healthy, remarkably productive, with large,sbhowy flow-
ers. The fruit, which ripens early, is often one and one-
half inches long by one inch in diameter; soft, sweet and
luscious throughout, with no hard core; ripe before last
raspberries are gone. Should be planted in rich soil and
trimmed back every year. Very profitable and easy to
care for. Wecan highly recommend this variety.

DWARF JUNEBERRY. Os a ae

This fruit is borne in clusters; reddish-purple changing to bluish-black; flavor mild and
ae as a dessert fruit or canned; the blossoms have white petals completely enveloping
the bush.

Juneberry or blueberry is said by Prof. Bailey to be practically identical with huckle-
berry in an improved form. Prof. Budd highly recommends it both for the home and the mar-
ket, yielding at the rate of 2,600 quarts per acre and selling readily at fifteen cents per quart.
A valuable species of dwarfish habit, fine for fruit or ornament.

LOGAN BERRY.
(Raspberry-Blackberry.)

Originated in California; a cross between a red raspberry and a blackberry; vine a strong
grower, spreading like Dewberry; free from disease; canes large, with soft spines; leaves coarse
and thick; exceedingly prolific; ripens very early. Fruit size of large blackberries, same form
and shape, color bright red, seeds small, flavor combination of blackberry and raspberry;
mild, pleasant, vigorous, excellent.

RHUBARB.

The first fruit from the ground in the early spring. Whether it be bought under the high-
sounding name of wine plant, or as common pie plant, its excellence is undiminished. Every
order should include some of those roots from which the edible stalks are easily grown.
Linneus—Large, early, tender and fine; the very best of all.

Victoria—The best for market because of its giant growth.

STRAWBERRY-RASPBERRY.

One of the remarkable recent introductions from Japan. A beautiful dwarf raspberry,
seeming from its character to be a hybrid between the raspberry and the strawberry. Bush
dies to the ground in the fall; makes a handsome, low-spreading plant, with dark green
foliage. Fruit is early, stands well out from the foliage; size and shape of a strawberry;
color brilliant crimson. .

JAPANESE WINEBERRY.

Berry round, deep red, glossy, handsome and fairly firm. Borne in large clusters, and each
berry at first tightly enveloped by the large calyx, forming a sort of burr, which is covered
with purplish-red hairs. These gradually open and turn back, exposing wine-colored fruit of
medium size, brisk sub-acid, retaining flavor when cooked.

84 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE.

ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT.

Hardy trees and shrubs can now be obtained at moderate cost that will stand the
extremes of temperature and soil of nearly all sections. Judicious selection will obtain decid-
uous and evergreen trees, shrubs, vines, etc., that make beautiful specimens throughout the
entire year, it being possible to obtain varieties that will give a succession of bloom through
the season, while purple, variegated and weeping types always form a pleasing contrast.

Nursery-grown trees are pre-eminently superior and worth more at a fair price than trees
dug from the woods. In the nursery trees are grown with the idea of getting as perfect shape
as possible with fully developed root systems. They are transplanted at proper age, with
sufficient space to develop both top and root, carefully pruned and cultivated. In the forest
it is impossible to get trees as smooth and straight or with the very necessary fibrous roots.

When to Plant.—Deciduous Trees, Shrubs and Vines can be planted either in Spring or
Fall. Spring is the best time for Evergreens.

DECIDUOUS TREES.

Ash, American White—A rapid growerand valuable
for planting in the street or in parks; may be
exclusively planted for timber.

Beech, Purple-leaved—A remarkable species, with
deep purple foliage, changing to. greenish-
purple in autumn; a very striking contrast
with ornamental trees.

Birch, European White—A well-known tree, with
gracetul, airy foliage and silvery-white bark;
very desirable for the lawn, either as a sin-
gle specimen or in contrast with other trees
in a group.

Box Elder—A fine, rapid-growing variety, with
handsome, light green foliage and spreading
head; very hardy; excellent for avenues.

Butternut—A fine native tree of lofty, spreading
growth; luxuriant, tropical looking foliage;

wood very valuable; nut large, long, highly
or te = prized for its oily, sweet, nutritious kernel.

SP 9 Ses Catalpa, Bungei—Grafted on stems six to eight

feet high it makes an umbrella top without
pruning; perfectly hardy and flourishes in all
soils and climates; leaves large, glossy, heart-
shaped, deep green; lay like shingleson a roof,
always making a symmetrical head.

Speciosa—A variety originating at the West.
More upright and symmetricalin its growth
than thecommon Catalpa, and blossoms two
or three weeksearlier. Very valuable for tim-
ber, fence posts, railroad ties, etc., possess-

is ing wonderful durability; a very ornamental

CATALPA, SPECIOSA. and valuable tree.

Millons of dollars are expended in chemical treatment of wood to increase its durability.
The Catalpa has the capability of appropriating from the soil those antiseptic substances
which in concentrated form resist the microbes of decay. They are built into the wood fiber,
and when once dry are incapable of solution in water. Thus nature produces a tree far better
than has yet been produced by artificial means. Railroad companies all over the country
are planting great numbers of the Catalpa for their use as ties and posts and telegraph poles.
The ravages of time seem to have no effect on the Catalpa. Ties have lain in mud ballast
twenty years and when taken up for examination showed no signs of decay. Planted eight
feet apart each way is the proper distance. A 12-foot straight growth will result the first
season. After seven or eight years intermediate trees must be removed for posts, etc., leay-
ing permanent trees sixteen feet apart. In sixteen years they will grow into better telegraph
poles than white cedar, which takes from eighty to one hundred years to reach the same
size. Good cultivation, some pruning and attention to a Catalpa grove will bring highly
satisfactory financial results.

CAROLINA POPLAR.

36 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

Chestnut, American Sweet—A well known forest and nut-bearing tree, of great value for orna-
mental purposes; widely and extensively planted for profit as well as ornament.

Horse, White Flowering—A very beautiful well-known tree, with round dense head, dark green
foliage, and an abundance of showy flowers in early spring. Asa single lawn tree or for
the street it has no superior.

Crab, Bechtel’s Double-flowering—A medium-sized tree, perfectly hardy; whenin bloom appears
to be covereu with delicate pink, perfectly double small roses of delicious fragrance.

Elm, American White—The noble drooping, spreading tree of our own woods; one of the grand-
est of park or street trees.

Hackberry—A worthy, native ornamental or shade tree, easily transplanted and thriving in
most soils. In appearance similar to the Elm, but with thinner foliage; of pleasing color
and form, and forming a broad, open-headed top. Its brownish fruit hangs on the
branches all winter.

Linden (Basswood )—A fine native tree, with large leaves and fragrant flowers.

Locust, Black—A native tree of large size, rapid growth, and valuable for shade as well as
quite ornamental. The flowers are disposed in long pendulous racemes, white or yellow-
ish; very fragrant and appear in June. ;

Honey—A rapid-growing tree; delicate foliage of a beautiful, fresh, lively green and strong
thorns; makes an exceedingly handsome, impenetrable and valuable hedge.

Magnolia, Acuminata (Cucumber Tree)—A fine pyramidal-shaped tree; the flowers are yellow-
ish-white, medium sized, appearing in June. The fruit when green resembles a small
cucumber, but when ripe it is a deep scarlet.

Maple, Hard or Sugar—A very popular American tree, and for its stately form and fine foliage,
justly ranked among the very best, both for lawn and avenue.

Norway—A foreign variety, with large, broad leaves of a deep, rich green; probably the best
maplein cultivation. _

Soft, or Silver-leaved—Of rapid growth; of great value where a rapid-growing tree is
desired; very hardy and easily transplanted; a favorite street or park tree.

Weir’s Cut-leaved—A silver maple, with remarkable and beautiful dissected foliage. Ofrapid
growth; shoots slender and drooping, giving it a very graceful appearance; should be in
every collection.

Mountain Ash, European—A very beautiful tree of medium size, with an erect stem, smooth
bark and round head; covered during the fall and winter with bright scarlet berries;
universally admired.

Oak-leaved—A handsome tree of erect habit and rich green foliage, deeply lobed; very hardy
and desirable.

Persimmon—A small tree, with pleasing, shining foliage and well-known fruit.

Poplar, Carolina—Distinct and entirely different from the ungainly Lombardy. One of, if not the
most rapid-growing trees, with large, handsome, glossy, serrated, deep green leaves. Suc-
ceeds every where; especially adapted to large cities, where it makes unusually fast growth
and resists smoke and gas. Pyramidal form, making a spreading head and dense shade
when properly trimmed. New growth should be well cut back in spring for the first few
seasons. It is unexcelled for quick growth and effect; makes a splendid wind-break or
screen; is used in larger numbers than any other one tree for street planting. For new
places and streets, where the slower growing ornamentals are desired, plant the poplars
between, securing an almost immediateeffect, removing them as the other trees attain size.

Red Bud, or Judas Tree—A very ornamental small tree, native of the Western States, which
in the early spring, before the leaves appear, is covered with delicate pink flowers.

Russian Olive—An ornamental tree of special value; attains a height of thirty feet or more;
bark and leaves light green when young, bark becoming darker as the tree grows old,
and the leaves moresilvery-white; blooms profusely in June in small racemes 3 incheslong,
and their fragrance decidedly sweet and spicy; an excellent lawn tree; exceptionally hardy.

Sycamore—A lofty wide-spreading tree, heart-shaped leaves; valuable for its handsome
foliage and free growth; entirely free from worms or insects; one of the oldest cultivated
trees known. One of the best and most popular for street and avenue planting.

Tulip Tree—A native tree of the magnolia order; remarkable for its symmetry, its rich, glossy
foliage, regularly distributed branches and large, tulip-like flowers.

Walnut, Black—This is the most valuable of all our timber trees for planting; a moderate
crower, producing alarge nut. The timber enters more largely into the manufacture of
furniture and cabinet ware than almost any other, and is prized almost with mahogany.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 37

CAMPERDOWN ELM.

WEEPING TREES.

Birch, Cut-leaved—An elegant, erect tree, with slender drooping branches and fine cut
leaves: a magnificent variety and worthy a place on every lawn.

Elm, Camperdown—Its vigorous, irregular branches, which have a uniform weeping habit,
overlap so regularly that a compact, roof-like head is formed; the finest weeping tree.

Mountain Ash (Weeping)—A beautiful tree, with straggling weeping branches; makes a
fine tree for the lawn.

Mulberry, Tea’s—A graceful and beautiful hardy tree, forming a perfect umbrella-shaped
head, with long, slender, willowy branches, drooping to the ground and gracefully
swaying in the wind. Foliage small, lobed and of a delightful, fresh, glossy green.
The tree is exceedingly hardy and of rapid growth and abundant foliage; admirably
adapted to cemetery planting and susceptible of being trained into almost any shape.

Willow, Kilmarnock—An exceedingly graceful tree, with large glossy leaves; one of the fin-
est of this class of trees; very hardy.

New American—A dwarf, slender-branched species. Grafted five or six feet high it
makes one of the most ornamental of small weeping trees.
Thurlow—A very handsome, rapid-growing weeping tree; will make a large tree in a few
years; hardy and adapted to the west.
Wisconsin—Of drooping habit and perfectly hardy in the northwest.

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MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 39

EVERGREENS.

Arbor Vite, American—This is one of the finest medium-sized evergreen trees; one of the
It is a native of the coldest part of the country,
and there are few places where it will not thrive. Used more than any other variety
for ornamental hedging. By the proper use of the knife and shears it can be made to

best and most available for screens.

grow into almost any desirable form.

Pyramidalis—The most beautiful of all arbor vitees, having dark green compact foliage
and remarkably erect form; perfectly hardy.
Balsam Fir—A very regular symmetrical tree, assuming the conical form even when young;
leaves dark green above, silvery beneath.

Cedar, Red (Platte )—The compact, coni-
cal habit of this variety, combined
with its silvery foliage, renders it
very distinct; desirable for wind
breaks; perfectly hardy.

Juniper, lrish—Very erect, tapering in its
growth, forming a column of deep
green foliage; a general favorite for
lawn and cemetery planting.

Trailing—A low, spreading tree, with
handsome dark green foliage; very
hardy and suitable for rock work.

Larch, European—A beautifultree; foliage
is of an agreeable light green hue,
soit and graceful; the branches are
drooping and slender; leaves needle-
shaped, like a fir tree; shedsitsleaves
in winter.

Pine, Austrian— A remarkably robust,
hardy tree, with stout erect shoots:
leaves long, stiff and dark green:
growth rapid.

Scotch—A fine, robust, rapid-growing,
spreading tree; silvery-green
foliage.

White—The most ornamental of all our
native pines; foliage light, deli-
cate, or silvery-green; flourishes
in the poorest soils.

Spruce, Black Hills—A very compact, slow-
growing tree; dark green, beautiful;
perfectly hardy.

Colorado Blue—A rare, elegant tree,
with foliage of a rich blue; one of
the most distinct and striking of
all the spruce family; a free grower
and perfectly hardy; choice.

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COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE.

Douglas—One of the best of Rocky Mountain trees; foliage brilliant pea-groen, the

branches partly pendulous: a vigorous grower.

Hemlock—An elegant pyramidal tree, with drooping branches and delicate, dark foliage,
like that of the yew; distinct from all other trees. It is a beautiful lawn tree and

makes a highly ornamental hedge.

Norway—A lofty, elegant tree, of perfectly pyramidal habit, remarkably elegant and
rich, and asit gets age, has fine, graceful, pendulous branches; it is exceedingly
picturesque and beautiful. Very popular, and deservedly so, and should be largely
planted. One of the best evergreens for wind breaks.

All goods packed under cover in specially designed houses and cellars—not exposed

to wind and sun.

If customers gave nursery stock the same care and attention that the nurseryman

does a larger per cent. would grow.

40 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS.

Almond, Pink-flowering—A beautiful dwarf shrub, with small, double rosy blossoms closely
set upon the twigs before the leaves appear.

White-flowering—Similar to above, except color, which is a delicate white.

Althea (Rose of Sharon)—These are fine shrubs and especially valuable because of their
flowering in the fall, when all other shrubs are out of bloom; hardy and easy of culti-
vation. Grown in white, red, purple and variegated.

Artemesia, Russian—A strong and vigorous type of the shrub commonly known as * Old
Man,”’ of rapid growth and desirable for screens and wind breaks; remarkable resister
of drouth and cold.

Azalea—A beautiful species from Japan, perfectly hardy, with large flowers; the colors run
through all the shades of orange, yellow and carmine.

Berberry, Purple-leaved—Foliage and fruit of a violet-purple color, very striking; fine for
single specimens; also a desirable ornamental hedge plant.

Calycanthus (Sweet-Scented Shrub)—An interesting shrub, having a rare and peculiar
fragrance of wood and flowers; its blooms are abundant and of a peculiar chocolate
color.

Cranberry, High Bush—Handsome broad foliage, flat cymes of white flowers in June, fol-
lowed by brilliant red fruit in showy masses that will remain on plant nearly all win-
ter. Fruit is edible.

Deutzia, Crenata—F lowers double; white, tinged with rose; one of the most desirable flow-
ering shrubs in cultivation.

Dogwood, Red—A strong-growing shrub, with clusters of fine white flowers, the stem and
branches turning blood-red in winter.

Eleagnus Longipes—A handsome growing shrub, forming a neat, compact bush, with orna-
mental reddish-brown bark in winter; perfectly hardy and easy to grow. Bright yel-
low flowers in June on long stalks, but the greatest value of the shrub is in the fruit
which is produced in the greatest abundance along the whole length of the branches,
oval in shape and about one-half inch long, color deep orange-red; very showy and
attractive.

Euonymus (Strawberry Tree, or Burning Bush)—A very ornamental and showy shrub; its
chief beauty consists in its brilliant dark red berries, which hang in clusters from the
branches until mid-winter; planted with a background of evergreens the effect of con-
trast is very fine; leaves scarlet in autumn.

Forsythia, Viridissima (Golden Bell)—Leaves dark green; flowers bright yellow, very early
in spring; a fine, hardy shrub; introduced from China.

Fringe, Purple (Smoke Tree)—A very much admired and conspicuous shrub or small tree,
with spreading habit, so as to require considerable space; covered in mid-summer with
a profusion of dusky fringe-like flowers; desirable for its striking peculiarity of
flowering.
White—One of the best large shrubs or small trees, with superb foliage, and delicate
fringe-like white flowers.

Honeysuckle, Red Tartarian (Bush or Upright)—A well-known shrub; flowers bright pink,

which appear in May. Very hardy and makes a desirable ornamental hedge.
White Tartarian—Like the preceding, but has white flowers.

Hydrangea, Paniculata Grandiflora—A fine shrub of recent introduction, blooming from July
to November; large,-showy panicles of white flowers in the greatest profusion; it is
quite hardy, and altogether a most admirable shrub for planting singly on the lawn
or in the margin of masses; to produce largest flowers it should be pruned severely in
the spring and the ground enriched.

Japan Quince (Pyrus Japonica)—An old and esteemed variety, having a profusion of bright
scarlet flowers in early spring, and one of the best early shrubs; makes a beautiful
and useful hedge.

Lilac, Persian—Native of Persia; from four to six feet high, with small foliage and bright
purple flowers.

Double Purple—A new and choice variety of the lilac, producing long racemes of double
purple flowers, lasting longer than the single sort.

Large-flowering White—A beautiful variety; has very large pure white panicles of flowers.

2a

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 41

Privet, California—A desirable shrub, nearly evergreen, that produces delicate white flow-
ers in great profusion; the flowers possess a pleasant heliotrope fragrance; a valuable
hedge plant.

Prunus Pissardi—This elegant small tree or shrub comes to us from Persia. It is perfectly
hardy and the leaves are a rich purple, with the ends of the growing shoots a brilliant
red, retaining its bright purple through the entire season. Covered in spring with
small white single flowers.

Triloba—F lowers semi-double, of a delicate pink, upward of an inch in diameter, thickly
set on the long slender branches; native of China. Blooms in May.

Rhododendron—These are the most magnificent of all evergreen shrubs, with rich, green
foliage and superb clusters of showy flowers; they flourish best in peaty soil, and like
azaleas, are the most effective when grouped. Plant in sheltered locations. Soil
strongly impregnated with lime should be removed before planting and the space
filled in with leaf mould and peat or muck mixed, or other good soil tolerably free
from lime. The catawbiense varieties have lilac-colored and red flowers. and are per-
haps the most hardy sorts.

Snowberry—A very pretty shrub,
with clusters of rose-colored
flowers early in spring, followed
by waxy-white berries, which
hang on through part of the
winter.

Snowball, Common—A_ well-known
favorite shrub, of large size,
with globular clusters of white
flowers in June.

Japanese—A rare and exceedingly
beautiful species from Japan;
flowers pure white, in very
large globular heads.

Spirea, Anthony Waterer—A new crim-
son-flowered variety; one of the
most beautiful of dwarf-fiower-
ing shrubs.

Billardi — Rose-colored; blooms
nearly all summer.

Van Houtti (Bridal Weath)—One
of the most charming and
beautiful of the spireas, hay-
ing pure white flowers in clus-
ters or panicles an inch in
diameter. Astonishingly pro-
fuse in bloom, and plants
remarkably vigorous and
hardy. But. recently. intro-
duced from France, and
there is no more desirable
flowering shrub in eultiva-
tion. Makes a fine orna-
mental hedge.

SPIREA VAN HOUTTI.

Syringa, or Mock Orange—A well-known shrub, with pure white, sweet-scented flowers; one
of the first to flower.

Tamarix Amurensis—A beautiful, hardy, rapid-growing shrub; leaves resemble juniper or
cedar; bears a delicate, pinkish-white flower, and continues blooming through the
summer.

Weigela, Rosea—An excellent shrub, with fine rose-colored flowers; introduced from China;
blossoms in May.

We can supply anything named in this book and a limited quantity of some sorts
not listed.

A good apple orchard will produce four times the income per acre of any other
farm crop.

42 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

HARDY ORNAMENTAL VINES.

Ampelopsis Veitchii (Boston Ivy)
—A beautiful, hardy, climb-
ing plant, of Japanese ori-
gin. This is one of the fin-
est climbers we have for
covering walls, as it clings
firmly to the smoothest sur-
face, covering it smoothly
with overlapping leaves,
which form a perfect mass
of foliage. The color is a
fresh deep green in sum-
mer, changing to the
brigntest shade of crimson
and yellow in autumn. It
is quite hardy, and be-
comes more popular every
year.

Quinquefolia (Virginia Creep-
er, or American Ivy)—A
native vine of rapid
growth, with large, lux-
uriant foliage which, in
the autumn, assumes the
most gorgeous and mag-
nificent coloring. The
blossoms, which are in-
conspicuous, are succeed-
ed by handsome dark
blue berries.

Bignonia (Trumpet Flower)—
A splendid climber, vigor-
ous and hardy, with clus-
ters of large, trumpet-
shaped scarlet flowers in
August.

Celastrus (Bitter Sweet)—A na-
tive climber, with hand-
some glossy green foliage
and large clusters of beau-
tiful orange-crimson fruits.

Clematis, Henryii— Creamy-
white; very large and fine
shaped; free grower and
bloomer.

Jackmanni — Flowers, when
fully expanded, four to
six inches in diameter;

CLEMATIS PANICULATA AND AMPELOPSIS VEITCHII. intense violet-purple,

with a rich velvety ap-
pearance, distinctly veined. It flowers continually from July until cut off by frosts.

Paniculata (Japanese Sweet-Scented)—Of rapid growth, with handsome, glossy foliage;
flowers of medium size, pure white, and of delicious, penetrating fragrance; blooms
in September after others are gone.

Ramona—A strong, rampant grower; large flowers: blooms through the season; color
deep, rich lavender.

Virgin's Bower (Virginica)—A very rapid-growing and hardy plant; flowers small,
white.

Vitacella—A rapid climber; drooping blue or purple flowers through summer and
autumn.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 43

WISTARIA. '

in the spring, all the dead wood cut
out. Plant in rich ground and keep

well cultivated. London Purple is’

a good remedy for the slugs that
destroy the leaves, but not as effi-
cient as kerosene emulsion.

Our roses are strong plants,
grown out doors, well rooted, and in
every way first-class. They have
already bloomed before sent out,
and are in every respect much bet-
ter and stronger plants than the
ones that are so freely advertised
and sent out by mail, and which are
small, tender shoots, started in a
greenhouse and after a few weeks
sent out, before they have estab-
lished sufficient growth and consti-
tution to stand the shock of trans-
planting.

We use every care to send out

stock just as represented—carefully

dug, well rooted and in good con-
dition.

Honeysuckle, Halleana (Hall’s New Japan)—Color
white, changing to yellow; very fragrant;
blooms from June to November.

Monthly Fragrant—A fine, rapid-growing variety,
flowers large and very fragrant; color red
and yellow; a constant bloomer.

Scarlet Trumpet—A strong, rapid grower; blos-
soms very freely the entire season; bright
red trumpet-shaped flowers.

Yellow Trumpet—A fine grower; yellow flowers.

Wistaria— A most beautiful climber of rapid
growth, and producing long pendulous clus-
ters of pale blue flowers; it is very hardy, and
one of the most superb vines ever produced.

HARDY ROSES.

This includes the hybrid perpetuals, mosses
and climbers; they make a gorgeous display of
deep rich colors during the spring and summer,
and most of the hybrid perpetuals give a second
crop in the fall, in many cases finer flowers than
in June. Some slight protection is advisable in
the winter. Rose bushes should be well cut back

SS COPYRIGHTED 1895 BYA.BLANG AYE
® CRIMSON RAMBLER ROSE.

2

44 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

HARDY CLIMBING ROSES.

Baltimore Belle—Pale blush, nearly white; very double. Flowers in large clusters, the
whole plant appearing a perfect mass of bloom.

Empress of China—Light red, changing to pink when fully expanded. A free and continu-
ous bloomer; flowers medium size.

Prairie Queen—Bright rosy-red; large, compact and globular fiowers; blooms in clusters.
One of the best.

Rambler, Crimson—A Japanese rose bearing immense trusses of bright crimson flowers.
The plant is a vigorous grower, making shoots eight to ten feet long in aseason. The
flowers are grown in large pyramidal panicles, each carrying thirty to forty blooms;
the individual flowers are one to one and one-half inches in diameter and remain in
perfect condition for along time. Color bright vivid crimson, with none of the pur-
plish tint so common in crimson roses. A charming pillar rose, and for covering trel-
lises or buildings there is nothing finer. (See cut on preceding page.)

Pink—Flowers medium size, pink, in clusters; very pretty.

White—Resembles Crimson Rambler in foliage and habit of growth; flowers pure white
in large clusters.

Yellow—F lowers of medium size in immense clusters, often thirty-five to forty flowers in
a single cluster; very sweet-scented. Color aclear decided yellow, a color hereto-
fore unknown in a climbing rose that was in any way hardy.

Seven Sisters—Crimson, changing all shades to white.

HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES.

American Beauty—One of the grandest
and most beautiful constant-bloom-
ing roses; immense buds and flow-
ers; rich glowing crimson; exceed-
ingly fragrant; requires protection
in winter.

Anna de Diesbach—Carmine, beautiful
shade; moderately full and very
large.

Baron de Bonstettin—Extra large flow-
ers, round, full, solid, dark rich

-crimson, delightfully scented;
hardy, vigorous and free bloomer.

Baroness Rothschild—Light pink, cupped
form, very symmetrical, without
fragrance; very beautiful; a good
grower.

Biack Prince—Splendid, large, rich,
deep crimson; extra full and fra-
grant and very double.

Coquette des Aips— White, lightly
shaded with carmine; of medium
size; a free bloomer.

Coquette des Blanches— Pure white,
flowering in clusters; a very free
bloomer.

Duchess of Albany—A superb rose; re-
sembles La France, but much
deeper in color; extra large, ele-
gant and fragrant.

Earl of Dufferin— Velvety crimson,
beautifully shaded with rich ma-
BARON DE BONSTETTIN. roon; large, full and fragrant.

Francois Levet—Large, finely made flowers; color cherry pink, delicately shaded carmine
and blush; fragrant; extra good.

General Jacqueminot—Brilliant crimson-scarlet; very showy and effective.

General Washington—Brilliant rosy-crimsop; large and double; fine.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. 45

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MARGARET DICKSON.

Prince Camille de Rohan—Deep velvety-crim-
son, large, moderately full; a splendid
rose.

Ulrich Brunner—Extra large, bold flowers,
fulland globular; color rich and glow-
ing crimson, elegantly flamed with
scarlet.

MOSS ROSES.

Countess of Murinais— White, slightly tinged
with fiesh; the best white moss.

Crested—Deep pink buds, surrounded with
a mossy fringe and crest; fragrant; one
of the best.

Henry Martin—Rich, glossy pink, tinged
with crimson; large globular flowers.

Luxemburg—Large, cupped, fine crimson; a
luxuriant grower and free bloomer.

Perpetual White—Pure white; blooms in
large clusters.

Princess Adelaide—Fine reddish-blush; large
and most vigorous.

Salet—Clear rose color, very double, of vig-
orous growth and abundant bloom; per-
petual.

Mulching trees is essential and cannot
be too strongly urged and recommended.
Keeps the earth moist and of even tempera-
ture and prevents cracking and baking.

Louis Van Houtti— Beautiful maroon;
medium size, full, of fine shape,
deliciously perfumed.

Madam Gabriel Luizet—Color an exquis-
ite shade of clear coral-rose, suf-
fused with lavender and pearl;
good bloomer; hardy.

Madam Plantier—One of the finest pure
white roses, blooming in clus-
ters.

Magna Charta—Extra large, full flowers,
very double; color clear rosy-red,
beautifully blushed with violet
crimson; a sure bloomer and
hardy.

Margaret Dickson—Beyond question the
finest white hybrid perpetual rose
yet introduced; color pure waxy-
white, with pale flesh center; petals
large, shell-shaped and prettily
curved back with inimitable grace;
universally admired.

Marshall P. Wilder—Color bright scar-
let-crimson, richly shaded with ma-
roon; a desirable rose.

Mrs. John Laing—Free blooming; color
a soft, delicate pink, with satin
tinge; very fragrant.

Paul Neyron—Deep rose color, good
foliage; by far the largest variety
in cultivation; free bloomer.

ULRICH BRUNNER.

46 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE

MISCELLANEOUS ROSES.

Harrison’s Yellow—Double, bright yellow, very showy and fine.

La France—Delicate silvery-rose, very large and full; an almost constant bloomer: equal
in delicacy to a tea rose; the most delicious fragrance of all roses; a moderate grower:
semi-hardy.

Marechal Neil—Beautiful deep yellow, very large, free-flowering; one of the finest yellow
tea-scented roses yet introduced; a good climbing rose.

Persian Yellow—Deep golden-yellow, double and very fine.

Tree Roses—Grafted on hardy rose stalks four to five feet high, are dwarf tree-shaped,
and in full bloom are objects of beauty; handsome for lawns or house plants in winter;
colors white and different shades of pink, red and crimson.

Wichuriana (Japanese Memorial)—A low trailing species; flowers in great profusion in
clusters, and last a long time; used to cover embankments, terraces, stems of trees,
pillars, trellises; a favorite cemetery rose; pink and white.

BULBS AND TUBERS.

Bleeding Heart—A beautiful hardy border plant, with brilliant, rosy, heart-shaped flowers,
hanging in great profusion from a gracefully curved stem. May and June.

Cannas—They commence to flower a short time
after planting in the early spring, and are a
mass of gorgeous colors until stopped by
frost in the fall.

Dahlias—Well-known autumn-flowering plants,
growing from two to five feet high, and pro-
ducing a profusion of flowers varying from
the purest white to the darkest maroon.
Should be taken up in the fall.

Fern Ball (Japanese)—A charming novelty from
the orient; unique, beautiful and lasting;
more handsome than a palm and much
easier grown; hardy fern roots from the
mountains of Japan are wound tightly

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around a ball of moss and securely inter- By
woven and tied; should be regularly soaked i:
in water and hung in acool shady place; it JAPANESE FERN BALL.

will send out leaves of a beautiful emerald-
green until the whole is a mass of dainty green fronds; must be watered occasionally;
may be allowed to dry up at any time and started again as directed.

Gladiolus—Of all our summer flowering bulbs the gladiolus stands eminently at the head
as the most varied and beautiful class. The flowers are produced in spikes two feet
in height and upwards; the brilliant scarlet and crimson of some form a striking con-
trast with the delicate shades and pencilings of the lighter-colored varieties. By
planting at intervals from first to middle of June a succession of flowers can be had
from July to October.

Golden Glow—A hardy perennial, growing six to seven feet high, and producing hundreds
of bright golden flowers, two to three inches in diameter, on long graceful stems,
forming immense heads of bloom; fine for cut flowers. Should be planted in every
garden; when once well established will furnish an endless amount of flowers. Can
be grown anywhere with very little care.

Hyacinths—A mong all the bulbs used for winter flowers the hyacinth stands foremost on
the list. Two methods are employed in flowering the hyacinth in winter—one in
glasses filled with water, the other in pots or boxes of soil.

Lilium, Auratum (Gold Band Lily)—A magnificent Japan variety. Fall planting.

Tigrinum (Double Tiger Lily)—Bright orange-scarlet, with dark spots; fine. Fall
planting.

We do not handle inferior and mis-named varieties. Buy from us and get what you
order.

No stock shipped without certificate of inspection and guaranteed free from disease.

We are growers and propagators of choice nursery stock.

MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, SHENANDOAH, IOWA. AT

Pzonies (Herbaceous )—Showy, beautiful flowers,
perfectly hardy, easy to cultivate; season
early, before the rose; they deserve a place in
every garden. Colors red, pink, white and
tricolor. | =e?

Tube Roses—Flowers very fragrant; flower stems gyeeeeenS}ae AVA) "ie
from three to four feet; autumn. rj =

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Tulips—Nothing for the amount of money invested
will give amore gorgeous show during early ZF
spring, and there is nothing more easily ~
grown than the tulip. They thrive well in
almost any soil; should be planted during
October and November.

Yucca Filamentosa (Spanish Bayonet, or Adam’s
Needle)— A very conspicuous plant; the
flower stalks, three and four feet high, are
covered with large waxy, whitish, bell-shaped flowers.

HEDGES, SCREENS AND WIND BREAKS.

Neatly trimmed hedges are permanent and ornamental, and can be secured as cheaply
as good board fences. They attract attention and enhance the value of any place, be it in
the city, village or country.

Osage Orange is the principal hedge plant for practical fencing, and will turn any ordi-
nary farm stock. Posts of this wood are very durable, being preserved by the oily sap.
Honey Locust is also desirable and preferred by some. .

Evergreens take first place for ornamental hedges as well as wind breaks. For tall
hedges the Norway Spruce is unsurpassed. A vertical wall twelve feet high can be grown
in six years, planted four feet apart and not cut back until the desired height is obtained.
Our common Red Cedar is beautiful and graceful. It should be allowed to grow wide at
the base, height can be grown later. It stands shearing like sheep. The Arbor Vites
make useful hedge plants, being thick and bushy. They are quite popular.

Of the deciduous plants the Privet comes nearest to being an evergreen, usually
remaining green until Christmas, often later. It is of wonderful growth and is becoming
deservedly popular in cities. Itshould be planted in either double or single rows six to
eight inches apart, and not allowed to grow upwards until a good, broad, bushy base has
been obtained. This is the vital point in growing most hedges. The Purple-leaved Ber-
berry is another ornamental shrub that is very striking for hedging, with its conspicuous
leaves and fruit. Japan Quince makes a beautiful hedge, with its bright scarlet flowers,
which bloom early in the spring. The Berberry and Japan Quince are recommended as
being very hardy.

Wind breaks of trees make the dwelling house, barn, or shed, warmer in the winter
and coolerin the summer, giving comfort to the inmates. In the winter season it is an
established fact that a wind break on the north and west diminishes the consumption of
fuel in the home and less food is required for stock in yard or building. In addition to
the list of common evergreens any of the regular forest trees are suitable for this purpose.

List for Hedges and Wind Breaks.—Deciduous Plants: Tartarian Honeysuckle, Crimson
Rambler Rose, Berberry. Privet, Japan Quince, Spirea Van Houtti, Tamarix Amurensis,
Osage Orange, Honey Lucust, Russian Mulberry, Ash, Box Elder, Catalpa, Soft Maple,
Carolina Poplar, Willow, etc. Evergreens: Arbor Vite, Red Cedar, Norway Spruce, etc.

For Parks and Extensive Grounds.—In making selections for this purpose there can be no
difficulty, as all of the varieties of ornamentals we offer are well adapted. Some few sorts
require slight protection in the winter, and it is always a good idea to heavily mulch after
mounding up the dirt in the Fall.

For Lawns and Small Places.—A little more care is necessary in making selections which
depend onthe sizeof ground. The following trees are specially fine for single specimens:
Horse and Sweet Chestnuts, Cut-leaved Weeping. Birch, Hard and Weir’s Cut-leaved Maples,
Linden, Mountain Ash, Camperdown Elm, Irish Juniper, Colorado Blue Spruce, Pyramidalis.
A good procession of hardy shrubs that will give a succession of flowers and also a variety of
foliage, isas follows: The Forsythia, or Golden Bell, comes early in April with its mass of
yellow blossoms; then the Weigelas with their profusion of flowers from pure white to dark
maroon. The Spireas, especially the white and pink, are very beautiful in July and August.
The showy Hydrangea is effective as a single specimen or in masses. In order to secure some
beauty during cold weather add Red Dogwood and Buffalo Berry.

Page
Adam’s Needle.......... 47
Almonds, Flowering..... 40
AATHGAS,....\\2 eee. See 40
Asmerican Ives... Bos. 42,
Ampelopsisei .)..: . 2k 42
ACPBLES Ai rte e+ « <0 maar 10-14
APHceis ee. Dn... eee 25
Arbor W ites... oa 39, 47
Artemesia, Russian...... 40
ASD 2 o's Cie ee. 34, 47
Asparagus, |... Dap) yun 32
PN FAIS. ois a %ss dhe aoe. ae 40
Balsam Wisc, se eee 39
eee Wisc siatcetuns) Mees tea he's 34
OrOCrry se. .)cee oe. 40, 47
Biononia ..'.-5: wep. ct Ce 42
Bireh? 2. sess see 34, 37, 47
Bitter Sweet.............
Blackberries.......... 30, 31
Bleeding Heart......... 46
Bostonsiy y...c): bieeie ser = 0 = 42
Box- Elder. jf7 ese Ge a2 34, 47
Bridal Wreath ::2iees..82 41
Builalo (Berry.....35 feo 32, 47
Baba pct: play’ se eelok eel 46, 47
Burning, Bush . i aok fesitae 40
BuUbtegnut p55 ice ta eleid a: 34
Calycamthugy (5 rats ook 40
Camperdown Elm..... 37, 47
CARDAS iag)s'e is Heste «hp wei tae 4 46
Carolina Poplar....... 36, 47
Catalpa PSUR 3 6. rarer fe Fee 34
f Speciosa...... 34, 47
Cedars FROG i 55 Si bose lous 39, 47
Celashrisictrasiein tite becker 42

Certificate of Inspection. 30

WHEEPICS ant uae Soil: 15-17
Chestnuts), 0) .4%, rer ep « 36, 47
COTA AMIS) oo hersis «aunty poate 42
Climbing Roses.......... 44
Crab tApples.|.. «.- .j<\ifels pis 14

‘* Double-flowering .. 36
CRAMP ETT YW ios vcapiyc pre ee sik 40
Crimson Rambler Rose. 44, 47
Cuprants $e cadsse yt ce 28, 29
Dhaest Pb isn, 3p tai me 46
Deciduous Trees...... 34-87
Dentzie aia lve t'. © «om 40
Dewberry cdi wcee ee shies 33
Directions for Planting. .4-9
Dogwood. iisiesieeeh a 40, 47
DwariCherry)ciigit aitineat 17
Eleagnus Longipes....... 40
Blimave-ait dal ve (hu, oO, o0tAd
EuGnY MUS 7s costes iisrepphee 40

KivereTreens, fiat... + dsiet 39, 47

INDEX.

Page
Feri Ball i.) 5:6 aj epee te od 46
Har Balsam... . dsicMpee ae 39
Eiesy Chad .- .. ce <tc 40, 47
PH WAIMNOIES. .'= oss aidan oe 4
Fruit Department...... 10-33
ae... Sea, mene ae 46
Goldens Bell’ 13/2 272 40, 47
ss GloWme Ries olga 6
Gooseberries............. 29
Grapes: |. seh. tak figes 26-28
Haekbeekr Fiecnis's cs dbee oe ot 36
Hedges and Wind Breaks 47
Honeysuckles......... 40, 43
Horse Chestnuts....... 36, 47
Eyacinths ts. A .co7 6 SPST 46
Hybrid Perpetual Roses44, 45
Hyd ran @@a. on... 6)-\. 610-96 40, 47
THSEPUCTIONG «Vows co's nites 4-9
Ent rod uc tanya 4. reye\0- eee 1-3
VAT apf anise fe sabalepiey ch! rei Ee 42
Japan Quince.......... 40, 47
dadase reer cis. is denier 36
DUBEREE RYiiic bie a4. +2 Sins te 33
J MBUDORS: f.ehe\esne-ie) EO 39, 47
Kilmarnock Willow...... 37
Tare .ickb wand fb aiecee 39
PACE. ated wines Go Bye oes 40
) SB C= Seek 3 PRU es oh ae ta A Pe 46
1 ih ove ha pean 5 ere pnt arta 36, 47
G@CUBIBIES co soukisag sk od 36, 47
Logan Berry scic,¢ 2 x-4. 33
Nia on Olia shi ts wr ak ete ante 36
MiaIGS ia tok Seopntte nity. Bye 36, 47
Miscellaneous Roses..... 46
Mock OVanee. cnc «she san - 4]
NLOSS, FAGSOS omc. «fs mus tastes 45
Mountain Ash.. ...36, 37, 47
Miulberries. . ....2.:...¢ 26, 37, 47

New American Willow... 37
Number of Trees to an

IN CU'O, © vail si cabs ty bese alc
OMIV0, FRUSSIAD ss fore! <n © 2 36
Ornamental Departm’t.3447
Osage. Orange... ..i..%..' 47
PSO ICS 6 orate neat Re bot esos 47
FIGAC TICS Sinie¥ sides tie siege ot 20-23
|e ey Fhe a ee a 23-25
Persimmon ....5)50i5 =<: ROG 36
1, EAE Tig ig nyory eqs he lddicie 4 33
ELGAR oP otens Serenesitiobtets cab 39

Page

Plum05 <..50 ses eee 17-20
Poplar «.«+:++ eh eee 36
Privet.:;, ...25aceoeee 41, 47
Prunus 7.) ae ae 41
Purple Fringe.... ... 40
Pyramidalis. /..0...00% 39, 47
Pyrus Japonica........ 40
Qiiinees “2 642.0) FORO, 25
Raspberries......4 «+... 29, 30
FROGIBOES 05-bit he eran ee 7
FRG ASS odode see ae 36
Red Cedars cemeasunnks 39, 47
Rhododendron .......... 41
Rhubarb ° .sseueeee eee 33
Rocky Mountain Cherry. 17
Rose of Sharon’: ...:..... 40
FROSOS <p 3). cise snes 43-46
Russian Artemesia....... 40
fs Mulberries 26, 47

- Olives see eee 36
Shrybs. 52 alee es .40, 41
Smoke Trees cae wes kee 40
Snow balls... 3.2 seea. acre 4]
Snow berry. sous eth 41
Spanish Bayonet......... 47
SDITGUR... son sata 41, 47
SpPrayinge wee osc ver eee 8. 9
SPLEUCES: eee eee 39, 47
Strawberries.......... 31, 32
Strawberry-Raspberry... 33
Strawberry Tree......... 40
Sweet Chestnut........ 36, 47
SYGBMOPE, ... ao ae 36
SYTIDOS. »y. - «enka ee 41
Tamarix of cee. cas ee 41. 47

Tartarian Honeys’kles.40, 47
Teas’ Weeping Mulberry. 37

Thurlow. Willow... . s.r. 37

Trumpet Flower......... 42
TODS EROKC.. . os. Gee ee 47
AUTOS. «c+ «.s vaya eee 47
Tulip T'ree:..\.....5c en eee 36
VANS 2). sue copes 42, 43
Virginia Creeper.....-.. 42
Walnut |... sine =.) eee 26
W eigela, sisi. ass see een 41, 47
Weeping Trees.......:. 37
White Fringe. ....... e556 40
"Wa LlLows :6s. casero seen 37, 47
W ineberry...>.:+0ae cee 33
Wisconsin Willow....... 37
Wistaria. ..; . -. vcmciteeiea 43
Y UCCB os, 05515) wieght oe 47

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RRR aes Office, Packing Sheds, and R. R. Side Track, one block south of Wabash Depot.

Pp Address all correspondence to

a MOUNT ARBOR NURSERIES, :

oo Shenandoah, Iowa. :

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