New illustrated and descriptive catalogue of fruits and ornamental trees : vines, shrubs, roses and plants

Historic, Archive Document

Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

ie “
fae) Roe

r - - Lae 2 \i“\] iT
\ 2 ‘ .

[ Z le / RETURN | AS poMoLoey / 1 , 1 JUN 16 1916

New Iustrated
and Descriptive —

Catalogue

OF

Ornamental a
ian Slerhh hom Trees

| Shawnee Nurseries
“THE PIONEERS” :
Shawnee, - Okla.

'

SPRAYING CALENDAR

EXPLANATION—While the number of applications recommended will be found desirable in seasons
when the fungi are particularly troublesome, a smaller number may often suffice. An asterisk (*) cautions
against spraying with poisons while the plants are in blossom; two asterisks (**) indicate that there is danger
in making an application within 3 weeks of the time the fruit is to be used as food.

-Psylla, codling moth.

PLANTS

JM GLB

Scab, codling moth
bud moth, caterpillar,
canker worm.

CHERRY,
Rot, aphis, curculio
slug, knot.

CURRANT,

Mildew, worms.

GOOSEBERRY,

Mildew, worms.

GRAPE,
Fungous
flea beetle

diseases,

PEACH
APRICOT,

Ist Application
}

After the blossoms| Within a week after 10 to 14 days later,
have formed, but be-|blossoms fall, Bord-Bordeaux and Paris
fore they open, Bor-leaux and Paris Green. Green.

eaux. |

As flower buds ap-| When fruit has set, 10 to 14 days later,
pear, but before they/Bordeaux and Parisif signs of rot appear,|

open, Bordeaux; for Green.* repeat.
aphis use Kerosene |
Emulsion.

As soon as worms If they reappear, re-, If worms still trouble!
are found on lowerpeat, addin Bor-Pyrethrum or Helle-|
and inner leavesdeaux for mildew.** | bore.*

Paris Green.

As leaves open, Bor-| In 10 to 14 days re- 10 to 14 days later,
deaux and Paris\peat with both. Sulphide Potash, on
Green. English varieties.

When first leaves are! As soon as the fruit) 10 to 14 days later,
half grown, Bordeauxjhas set, repeat.* repeat.
and Paris Green.

=

Within a week after| 7 to 12 days later,
fruit has set, Bor-jrepeat.

Before blossoms
open, Bordeaux.

Rot, curculio, leaf

curl, mildew.

PEAR,

Leaf blight, scab,

PLUM,
Fungous diseases,
rot, Curculio, knot.

QUINCE,
Leaf and fruit spots.

BLACKBERRY,
RASPBERRY,

Anthracnose, rust.

ROSE,

Aphis, worms.

}deaux and Paris Green|

Just before blossoms, Within a week after 8 to 12 days later,

open, Bordeaux.* ‘blossoms fall, Bor- repeat.
deaux and Paris
Green.

Within a week after 10 to 12 days later,
blossoms have fallen, repeat.
repeat.*

i)

10 to 20 days later,
Bordeaux.

When blossom buds When fruit has set,! 10 to 12 days later,
appear, but
they open, Bordeaux. Green.*

Cut out canes badly When new canes ap- 10 fol days later,
diseased with anthra-pear. Bordeaux and!€Peat.

cnose and burn. Be-Paris Green.** 10

fore buds open, spray days later, Bordeaux

with Copper Sulphateand Paris Green.

Afterwards keep lice
and caterpillars off by
‘turning a fine stream
from hose on under
iside of leaves.

Kerosine Emuslion

for aphis.

before Bordeaux and Parisrepeat. iB

‘stool
ibe
‘burned.

2d Application | 3d Application | 4th Application

10 to 14 days later
Bordeaux.

10 to 14 days later,
Ammoniacal Carbo-
nate of Copper.

After fruit is picked
Bordeaux.

10 to 14 days later,
repeat.

__ 10 to 14 days later,
if disease is present,
apply Bordeaux.

7 to 12 days later,
repeat.

10 to 16 days later,
Bordeaux.

Note—If_ black
knots are found on
plums or cherry trees

they should at once
be cut out and
burned.

10 to 20 days later,
ordeaux.

Note—If red rust
appears, the entire
affected should
grubbed out and

Do not spray with arsenites or copper compounds within three weeks of the time the

sprayed portions a

it is best not torun any risk.
used upon rough or full-grown vines even as late as that time.

disfigure the fruit,

re to be eaten.

but the amount of copper is large.

While there would be no danger of fatal effects resulting,
Bordeaux mixture and other lime compounds should not be
Not only does the lime

Copyrighted, 1908, by Star Engraving & Printing Co., Des Moines, lowa. All Rights Reserved

_RETURN 70 POMOLOGY ; = ay
SECTION op NOMENCLATURE

4
Wa
4 Je SS "Vag,

INTRODUCTORY

To Our Numerous Friends and Customers:

The following careful descriptions are of far more value in making successful selec-
tions than the grandest set of pictures would be. Therefore, study the descriptions and
preserve this catalogue, for it will be found a most valuable horticultural work of reference.

It is well to remember that express charges are usually much higher on heavy goods,
and you should order them sent by fast freight.

Purchasers are requested to name the mode of conveyance by which they desire ship-
ments; otherwise we will dispatch to the best of our judgment.

Parties desiring stock shipped per express C. O. D. must accompany their orders with
cash to one-half the amount, or make satisfactory arrangements for payment of their bill.

Orders should always be placed early before assortments are broken. It is often
impossible to procure varieties wanted if orders are delayed until time for planting. When
spring planting is preferred, we will book orders in fall and set stock aside in cellar ready for
shipment at any desired date.

WARRANTY—While we exercise the greatest care to have all our trees and plants
genuine and reliable, and hold ourselves prepared to replace, on proper proof, all that may
prove untrue to name, we do not give any warranty, expressed or implied, and in case of
error on our part, it is mutually agreed between the purchaser and ourselves that we shall
not, at any time, be held responsible for a greater amount than the original price of the
trees.

CLAIMS—Ail claims for errors and deficiencies must be made within ten days after
the receipt of the stock. We desire to be notified of mistakes as early as possible, so we
may rectify the same without delay.

We aim to have every deal a satisfactory one.

Our Stock is first class and will be packed in the best manner.

Our Prices are as low as we can afford for first class stock.

We are now in position to promptly execute orders for goods mentioned in this cata-
logue, and hope to have the pleasure of supplying your wants.

SUGGESTIONS TO PLANTERS

Success depends in a large measure on the treatment given stock after it is received
by planters. Avoid all unnecessary exposure to the air. As soon as received it should be
heeled in, so that mellow earth will come in contact with the roots. When planting take
out but few at a time. One hour of exposure to hot sun or drying wind is sure death to
Many trees.

2 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

Cut off the ends of all bruised or broken roots with a sharp knife, making a clean cut.
If it be a standard tree for the orchard, trim it up to four or five limbs, suitable to form
the top, and cut each of the side limbs back to a bud four or five inches from the body of
the tree, leaving the leader or central limb from eight to twelve inches long. When there
are no side limbs suitable for this purpose, the tree should be divested of all its branches
and headed back to a proper height to form the top.

In properly prepared ground the holes need not be dug much larger than necessary to
receive the roots in their original position, but it is always best to dig some distance below
the roots and refill with surface soil. In planting in sod the holes should be dug three times
the size necessary in well plowed land.

Remove all label wire from trees that it may not cut the branches.

As soon as planted, five or six inches of coarse manure or other litter should beespread
over the ground about the tree, four or five feet in diameter; this will keep the surface
moist, and aid the tree during dry weather.

No grass or grain crops should be raised among fruit trees until they have attained
bearing size.

If the trees are received in a frozen state, place the package unopened in the cellar,
away from the frost and heat, until thawed out, and then unpack.

‘“Heeling in’? Stock Received in the Fall—To insure success you have only to get the
trees before freezing weather and bury them in the following manner:

Choose a dry spot where no water will stand during the winter, with no grass near to
invite mice. Dig a trench, throwing out enough dirt to admit one layer of roots below the
surface, and place the trees in it inclined at an angle of 45 degrees or more. Widen the
trench, throwing the soil among the roots in position, place another layer in the trench,
reclining the tops on the others and so on until all are in the trench; then water
thoroughly. Finish by throwing up more soil until the tips of the trees are fully covered. ~
It is also well to bank up the earth around the sides to insure more thorough protection.
Care should be taken to fill solid all the interstices among the roots. Too much eare in
doing this cannot be insisted upon, as every root which is not in close contact with the soil
is sure to be killed. In the spring the trees will be on hand for transplanting at the earliest
moment possible to do the work.

Number of Trees Sufficient to Plant an Acre.

Feet. Trees.| Feet. Trees.| Feet. Trees.

Le pye his sissy AS 560) “8, biyi Se. 2 te eee ee 680/16 by 16... cee eee 170
2 ADYs caida Wid ecto ee O2890 I Gibby Ol Abaca erenee 5SOLT by 27:. .. eee 150
Sy sacs Aaa ae AAO Ny Oss. iene eaee 485118 by 18... .. 30 ee 134
A By An a eas ete LAL Dy Alec, ke eee SO0/19 by 19°... 23 See 120
5 Dy “DAs ae eerste AZ Dy Vda eset: bye 302/20 by 20... . : saves 108
Gi bY G2. fp ror f PLO Sy lasses Coe ees 267125 by 25... See 69
TNE ale ss eee S888)14 by 14. 000.0. .as p 2. 22600 by 80: ... sass 48

(iby slice ewe gta eek

Distances for Planting. Feet Apart.

Standard Apples. och py cas oqie ethan ce a Te eR IRD Cte cow nt SGI nr 30
Standard Pears: siete <b Ee A ee Ses Pear esr lne! oat NS hs 25
Dywrart Peasy se oi Gain Fi eee ae eee ae Nees © he ks i Opera 10
Standard: Cherries... io. 5 5S aeldicg Pas. So ek Soy DER DNS 6 Ss Way) wiscs: ands 15
Plums; PeachesjrApricots:. 23. oss. c8 D0. ae is Sere = Hie ge leas care 15
Quinces-and Grapes. ote see. ee Re ee. hs a 10
Currants, Gooseberries, Raspberries and Rhubarb:.....:...:.......... ee eee 4
Agparagiig’ sak eos i. a ee wiciegs nei ts Ga fern Ae A eit Ss Seeder oo) o.04 2s x4 to6

The number of plants required for an acre, at any given distance apart, may be ascer-
tained by dividing the number of square feet in an acre (43,560) by the number of square
feet given to each plant, which is obtained by multiplying the distance between rows by
the distance between plants.

ee)

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants

Apples

Taking into consideration its hardiness, productiveness and general commercial value,
the apple stands at the head of our list of fruits. In selecting the most important varieties
for cultivation, it has been our constant aim to secure only those of standard excellence, and
in no instance to recommend a novelty without ascertaining its history from a reliable
source. Our main crop of trees consists principally of the following varieties, yet we can
also supply several other sorts of local reputation.

SUMMER APPLES

BENONI—Medium; roundish; pale yellow, shaded with crimson, juicy, tender sub-
acid. August.

CAROLINA RED JUNE—Tree a moderate, upright grower; an early and abundant
bearer. Fruit small to medium, oblong, surface smooth, color dark red, with white ground;
flesh white, very tender, fine grained, juicy, acid. June and July.

DUCHESS OF OLDENBURG—A large, beautiful apple, roundish. Streaked red
and yellow. Tender, juicy and pleasant. Tree a vigorous, fine grower and abundant
bearer. Very hardy. September.

EARLY HARVEST.—
Tree healthy, vigorous
and a good bearer. Fruit
medium size, nearly round
somewhat flattened; sur-
face smooth, clear, waxy
yellow, rarely blushed;
flesh tender, juicy, acid to
ee flavor good. Ju-
y.

GOLDEN SWEET.
Large, pale yellow, very
sweet and good; good
bearer; free. August.

EARLY STRAW-
BERRY.— Medium, roun-
dish; handsomely striped
with red; excellent; pro-
ductive. July and Aug-
ust.

RED ASTRACHAN.—
Tree vigorous, upright,
hardy and_ productive.
Fruit medium to large;
surface smooth, marbled
and striped on greenish
yellow; flavor acid.

RED JUNE.—Medium,
red; flesh white, tender;
juicy, good flavor. Abun-
dant bearer. Last of
June.

SOPES OF WINE.—
Medium size; red; flesh
white, often stained; mild
and pleasant; productive;
free. July and August.

+ Our New Illustrated ard Descriptive Catalog of

SWEET BOUGH.-—Large, pale greenish yellow, tender and sweet; good bearer; moder-
ate. July and August.

SWEET JUNE.—Tree is strong, upright, very productive. Fruit small to medium,
round; greenish yellow; flesh white, fine grained, tender. June and July.

TETOFSKY.—Tree upright, dwarfish grower; bears annually and extremely early.
Very backward, and hard to grow in nursery. July and August.

YELLOW TRANSPARENT.—A Kussian apple. The tree is a hardy, upright grower;
regular and early bearer, medium size. Color a rich, transparent yellow with a faint flush
on sunny side; fiesh melting, juicy, sub-acid.

AUTUMN APPLES

ALEXANDER.—(Emperor Russia.)—Large, deep red or crimson; flesh yellowish
white, crisp, tender, with pleasant flavor; very hardy; mod. October.

AUTUMN STRAWBERRY—Medium, roundish, inclined to oval; streaked with red.
Productive and desirable. Not hardy north. September.

CHENANGO— Medium, oblong; skin whitish, splashed and mottled with red. Fruit
handsome, esteemed for table and especially prized for market. Tree vigorous. Not
hardy north. August and September.

DOMIN«. (Well’s English Red Streak.)—Medium, skin greenish yellow; flesh very
tender and pleasant; tree vigorous and prolific. October to December.

FAMEUSE. (Snow Apple.)—Medium size, roundish; crimson, sometimes striped in
northern localities. Flesh snowy white; very tender, fine, juicy, mild, sub-acid; one of
the finest dessert fruits. Hardy and prolific. Very popular. October and December.

HAAS—Large, flat, ribbed or quartered; yellowish green, streaked and nearly covered
with dull, brownish red; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid. Quality fair. Tree an
extremely vigorous grower, hardy. October and November.

LOWELL OR ORANGE—Large, roundish, slightly conical; green, becoming rich
yellow; surface oily; flesh yellowish white, sub-acid, excellent; good bearer; free. Sep-
tember.

MAIDEN BLUSH—Large, smooth, regular, evenly shaded red cheek or blush on a
pale yellow ground; flesh white, tender, sprightly, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor; bears
large crops; free. August to October.

MASON’S SWEET—Large, pale yellow with red cheek; tender, rich and good; fine
bearer; vigorous. September.

RAMBO—Medium; yellow, striped with red. Fruit mild, tender, good. September

to November. e

RAMSDELL SWEET—
Rather large, oblong; dark red;
best fall sweet. Tree vigorous,
upright, productive, hardy. Oc-
tober to December.

UTTER. (Red) — Rather
large; red-striped. Very hardy
on prairie; productive and of ex-
cellent quality. Immensely
popular where known. Sep-
tember to December.

WOLF RIVER—Extra large
and handsome; deep red; excel-
lent for cooking. Extremely
hardy in the north. Probably
the largest red apple adapted to
this region. September to No-
vember.

WEALTHY—Origin, Minne-
sota. Large, round; red; very
handsome; fine quality; good
grower. Perfectly hardy and
most reliable. Very popular
throughout the north. Long
WEALTHY keeper in cold storage. Octo-

ber to January.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 5

WINTER APPLES

AKIN RED—This apple is rapidly coming to the front. The original tree, over sixty
years old, is still living and bears large crops annually. It is a deep, red apple of medium
size and most excellent quality. Very productive and a late keeper.

ARKANSAS BLACK—Vigorous,
upright grower. Fruit medium to
large; fine flavor, beautiful dark
color, almost black; flesh yellowish;
slightly sub-acid, crisp. One of the
best for cooking. January to
March.

BALDWIN—Large; deep, bright
red. Flesh juicy, crisp and of good
flavor. Tree vigorous in the East
and South, though not sufficiently
hardy North. November and De-
cember.

BEN DAVIS—Tree thrifty, up-
right grower of almost _ perfect
shape. Fruit large, round, some-
times variable in form; surface
smooth, often polished yellow, cov-
ered and splashed bright red; flesh
white, tender, juicy, flavor sub-
acid, not rich quality; only good for
market and cooking. November
to spring.

ee ee St ath
tive; is doing wel. in nearly all pla-
ces. Fruit large, yellow, shaded se
and covered with red; tender, sub-
acid, quality not best, good for cooking. Its most remarkable characteristic is its early
fruiting habit; one-year grafts have produced fine specimens and two-year trees seldom
fail to produce fruit. Late fall and early winter.

BLACK ANNETTE—Medium, very dark red; mild sub-acid; spicy, good. This has
proved one of the hardiest and best winter apples. February.

GANO—Fruit is bright red on yellow ground,
with no stripes; large, oblong, surface smooth,
polished; dots minute; basin shallow, sometimes
deep; eye large, cavity deep; brown in color; stem
medium to long; core medium. Tree healthy,
vigorous and prolific bearer. January to April.

GRIMES GOLDEN—This is one of the most
popular apples in cultivation. Tree strong, thrifty
grower. Fruit medium or above, cylindrical;
regular surface, yellow veined, russeted; flesh yel-
low, firm, very fine grained, juicy; flavor sub-acid;
quality rich. For dessert, cooking and market.
November and December.

INGRAM—Seedling of the Rawl Janet. A very
late keeping apple. Fruit medium, conical; red
and striped; good quality and handsome. Good,
healthy tree. Bears young and abundantly. A
coming commercial variety. December to spring.

IOWA BLUSH—Medium or less; quality only fair; tart flavor. Tree extremely vigor-
ous and hardy. November to February.

JONATHAN—tTree of rather slender growth and spreading habit; fruit medium or
above in size, round or oblong; surface very smooth, waxy yellow, often wholly covered
with brilliant red; flesh whitish yellow, tender, very juicy; for dessert and cooking; quality
best. October and November.

GANO

6 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

KING—Large and handsome, striped red and yellow, tree vigorous and productive.
November and December.

LANSINGBURG—Tree upright, spreading and productive; fruit medium, roundish,
oblate, yellow, largely overspread with grayish red, flesh firm, mild, sub-acid; good; valuable
mainly for its long keeping qualities; vigorous. January to June.

LONGFIELD—One of the imported Russian varieties; a free, upright grower, early
and abundant bearer, fruit medium to large, yellowish green, thickly covered with red
stripes; a decided blush on the sunny side; rich, sprightly, sub-acid. December to March.

MALINDA—This fine late keeper has flourished and borne fruit in Minnesota and
northern Iowa for more than twenty years, and has proven hardier than any other long
keeper. Fruit medium, conical, yellow, fine-grained and nearly sweet.

MAMMOTH BLACK TWIG—It is one of the most valuable and profitable apples
grown. It resembles in every way the Wine Sap, of which it is no doubt a sport, except
that it is one-third to one-half larger. The trees are also the same in habit of growth, color
of bark and foliage, but the Black Twig is the stronger grower, and makes a handsome tree
in the nursery and orchard.

MANN—Tree a strong, upright grower; fruit medium to large, roundish, oblate, skin
deep yellow when fully ripe, often with a shade of brownish red; flesh yellowish, half tender,
juicy, mild, pleasant, sub-acid, good to very good. An early and annual bearer.

MINKLER—Fruit medium, roundish oblate, slightly conical, pale greenish yellow,
striped and splashed with two shades of red, flesh yellowish, compact, moderately juicy,
mild, pleasant, sub-acid; tree an irregular grower, vigorous. January to April.

MISSOURI PIPPIN—Large, oblong, bright red, with numerous gray dots; very hand-
some and of fair quality; an early and very abundant bearer and a very profitable orchard
fruit; vigorous. December to March.

NORTHWESTERN GREENING—Fruit medium to large, averaging from seven to
eight ounces each and very uniform in size. Color greenish yellow, flesh juicy, firm and
fine grained. Very fine quality and flavor. Tree is very hardy and a thrifty grower, an
early and continuous bearer. One of the longest keepers known. January to spring.

PATTEN GREENING—
Duchess seedling, originated
by C. G. Patten, of lowa.
Good size; flavor pleasant,
sprightly, sub-acid. Supe-
rior for cooking. December
to February.

PEWAUKEE—A seedling
of Oldenburg. Medium to
large, roundish, oblate; skin
brightish yellow, striped and
splashed with dark red, and
overspread with whitish dots;
flesh white, tender, sub-acid,
quality fair; tree vigorous,
extremely hardy, especially
for cold and severe climates,
one of the iron clads. Jan-
uary to May.

PRICES’ SWEET—A
large greenish, yellow, flat-
shaped. Apple claimed by
many to be superior to Tal-
man Sweet. Tree hardy and
productive.

RAWL JANET—Tree good
GREENING grower, not so large as some;
fruit medium; somewhat con-
ical, regular; surface smooth, mixed and striped on yellow and green; flesh yellowish, crisp,
fine grained, juicy; flavor sub-acid; quality good to very good. For dessert, kitchen, market
and cider. November to spring.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 7

RHODE ISLAND GREENING—Large, greenish yellow, tender, juicy and rich, with
rather an acid flavor; growing strong and spreading, and an abundant bearer, but drops
purely at the West, and should be gathered early if planted at all. November and

ecember.

ROMAN STEM—Tree moderate grower and productive; fruit medium, globular;
surface smooth, yellow, sometimes blushed; flesh yellowish white, fine grained and juicy;
flavor mild sub-acid; quality very good; for table use. October to December.

_ ROME BEAUTY—(Gillett’s Seedling.) Large, yellow, striped with red, flesh juicy,
crisp, sub-acid, tree moderate grower. October to December.

RUSSET—Medium to large, greenish or yellow russet, crisp, good sub-acid flavor,
productive, very popular on account of its long keeping; vigorous. December to May. » x

SALOME—Fruit of medium and uniform size; quality very good; early and annual
bearer. Tree a strong grower and hardy.

_SCOTT WINTER—Extra hardy, sour, red striped. A valuable variety, hardy;
thrifty grower, bears young. Fruit medium size, roundish; surface deep red and light red
in blotches and streaks. Flesh yellowish white, slightly reddened near the skin; rather
acid and good in quality.

SNOW—See description of ‘‘ Fameuse.”’

_ SUTTON BEAUTY—Fruit medium to large, roundish, skin waxen yellow, striped with
crimson; flesh whitish, tender, sub-acid, quality very good; tree a free, handsome grower
and productive; flesh tender and juicy, good color and keeps late.

TALMAN SWEET—Medium size, pale yellow, slightly tinged with red; firm, rich and

ee ; excellent for preserving; tree vigorous, very hardy and productive. November to
pril.

WAGENER—Medium to large, deep red in the sun, flesh firm, sub-acid and excellent,
very productive, bears very young. October to December.

WALBRIDGE—Medium size; handsome, pale yellow, striped with red; crisp, a late
keeper; tree very vigorous, extremely hardy. January to May.

WILLOW TWIG—Large, roundish; greenish yellow, striped with dull red; flesh firm,
rather coarse; pleasant sub-tart flavor; fine for cooking.

WINE SAP—Large, roundish; deep red; medium quality; keeps well; tree a fair grower
and good bearer. December to May.

WINTER BANANA—A new variety that gives promise of being a highly prized and
valuable market sort. Beautiful yellow fruit; flavor exquisite and very tempting; highest
quality. Productive. Reliable growers represent it to be hardy North.

YORK IMPERIAL—Tree moderate grower and productive, fruit large, lop-sided;
surface smooth; color mixed bright red on yellow ground; flesh yellowish, tender, juicy,
flavor mild sub-acid; quality very good; for market, table, kitchen. November till spring.

CRAB APPLES

_ The improvements in the varieties of crab apple have kept pace with other kinds of
fruit. A few years ago it was thought fit only for cider, preserves and jelly, but there are
varieties now that command a good price on the market for dessert. purposes; especially is
this the case with the Whitney. Ornamental when in bloom and when loaded with their
highly colored fruits.

They are entirely hardy, and do wellin any kind of soil, in the most exposed situations.

They come into bearing very early, generally the second year, and bear every year.

They are unequalled for jelly, and can be dried, cooked, canned and preserved with the skin on, thus
saving work.

BRIAR SWEET—A strong growing, fine orchard tree; an abundant bearer. Fruit
pale yellow splashed with carmine; rich and sweet with little or no crab flavor. Season,
September.

8 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

FLORENCE—Large, handsome; crimson, splashed with darker red; prolific, valuable.
September.

GENERAL GRANT —Large, roundish oblate; yellow, with stripes of deep red, and
dark red, almost black on the sunny exposures; flesh white, moderately fine grained, mild,
sub-acid flavor. September and October.

HYSLOP—Tree a moderate
grower, making a_ beautiful
shaped, thrifty tree; bears young;
fruit large, nearly round, flat-
tened at the ends; skin smooth,
color dark rich red on yellow
ground; flavor very good.

MARTHA —This is one of the
best. The ground is bright yel-
low, nearly over-spread with
light bright red. Of good size.

QUAKER BEAUTY—T ree
one of the strongest growers,
good bearer; quality good. Oc-
tober to January.

SOULARD — An _ improved
native of high quality. Fruit very large, yellowish when fully ripe. Partakes strongly of
the wild flavor. Perfectly hardy.

HYSLOP

TRANSCENDENT—A very strong grower, making a large, beautiful tree; an early
and abundant bearer, fruit large, round, skin smooth, color rich yellow, shaded with red.
August and September.

WHITNEY NO. 20—Tree thrifty, upright grower; fruit large, skin smooth, striped and
splashed with carmine; flesh firm, juicy, of pleasant flavor. One of the very best. August.

Pears

The pear succeeds on most soils, but does best on rather heavy loam. Budded on its
own stock it makes what is called a standard tree; but on quince stock it makes a dwarf.
Standards are best adapted to large, permanent orchards, but dwarfs come into bearing
very much sooner and may be planted much closer together. Dwarfs must always be
planted sufficiently deep to cover the quince stock two or three inches.

The soil should be rich and well cultivated. A pear orchard should not be permitted
to ‘‘go to grass.”’ They should be pruned every year, dwarfs especially. Dwarfs should
have low heads and be trained in a pyramidal form, one-half of the previous season’s growth
being cut off each spring.

Pears succeed best on rather steep hillsides. Plant Pears midway of the slope, putting something else
on the upper and lower sections. Cultivate sparingly, so as to induce a very slow growth, and let blue grass
take the land before the trees come into fruitage. When blight appears, cut off the affected parts at once
and burn them; cut six inches below the lowest blight, to insure taking all infected sap.

GATHERING PEARS—Don’t let them ripen on the trees, where they rapidly lose their flavor. Gather
the early Pears as soon as the fruit readily parts from the branch, and the later varieties should be gathered two
weeks before fully ripe. Ripen the fruitin the house ina darkroom. ‘Thin the fruit when the trees are heavily
burdened, especially the young trees.

Choose a dry soil (clay or heavy loam is best), a sheltered situation, low-headed trees, cut back straggling
shoots one-half every spring to compel dense crops, mulch well winter and summer.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants g

KOONCE—Medium to large, very
handsome; yellow, one side covered
with bright red; flesh juicy, sweet,
spicy, good; very earliest. ‘Trees very
vigorous, hardy and _ productive.
August.

BARTLETT—Large size, with often
a beautiful blush next to the sun; but-
tery, very juicy and high flavored;
bears early. August and September.

CLAPP’S FAVORITE—Large obo-
vate, ovate; skin thin, pale yellow,
marked with pale crimson and fawn
colored dots; flesh white, fine grained,
juicy, buttery, rich, melting and sweet.
Very vigorous, upright grower. August
and early September.

EARLY HARVEST—Vigorous and

long lived. The fruit is large golden
yellow with a fine red cheek, flavor

poor, but it sells well in market be- ay

cause of its size and earliness in ripen-
ing.

MANNING ELIZABETH—
Medium; yellow, red cheek; juicy,
melting. No other pear less subject
to blight.

WILDER EARLY—One of the very
earliest pears. Size medium, greenish
yellow, with a brownish red cheek and
numerous dots; flesh white, fine grained
melting, excellent. Always find a
ready sale in market. Largely grown
by commercial orchardists. Tree
bears good crops early and annually.
D. and §.

AUTUMN PEARS

BEURRE D’ANJOU—Large, obtuse, pryaform; dull, yellowish green, sometimes with
a dull, reddish cheek; flesh whitish, juicy, melting, with a brisk perfumed flavor. Vigorous

and hardy. October.

CLAPP’S FAVORITE

DUCHESS D’ANGOULEME
—Very large, oblong, obovate,
dull greenish yellow, flesh white,
very juicy, buttery, with a rich,
excellent flavor. Tree a strong
grower. October.

FLEMISH BEAUTY—Large
beautiful, juicy, melting, rich
and fine; good bearer; one of the
hardiest and does well nearly
everywhere. September and
October.

10 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

KIEFFER PEARS

GARBER HYBRID—Very large, oval, narrowing at both ends; yellow as an orange;
flesh whitish, juicy, sweet and very pleasant. Tree an upright grower with heavy, dark
green foliage. September.

HOWELL—Large, light yellow, red-cheeked; rich
and sweet. Tree upright, free grower; early and prolific.
September and October.

IDAHO—A native of Idaho. Fruit golden yellow,
with red cheek. Shaped more like an oblong apple than
a pear. Delicious flavor. October to December.

KIEFFER—Large; golden yellow, often blushed in
the sun; juicy and melting. One of the best for canning
and preserving; the most profitable to grow. Tree
healthy, hardy and vigorous. Does not succeed on quince,
therefore no dwarfs should be planted. Kieffer receives
more praise and condemnation than any other. It seems
to be losing favor in some regions on account of its low
quality. It is liable to overbear, therefore special pains -
should be taken to thin the fruit.

LINCOLN CORELESS—Practically coreless; very
late. Fruit should be picked when green to escape the
early frosts. Large; quality good. Good bearer, fairly

, hardy.

SECKEL—Small, skin rich, yellowish brown; flesh
very fine grained; sweet, Juicy and pleasant. Best for
its size. September and October.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 11

Plums

The plum delights in a cool, not too dry situation, and good, rich soil. Plant in rows
north and south with trees 10 to 15 feet apart, in rows far enough from each other to give
good air circulation. The varieties we offer have been thoroughly tested, and are standbys.
These may be relied upon to furnish yearly crops of this most highly profitable and exceed-
ingly delicious fruit.

The only serious difficulty is that many of the best sorts are not self-fertile and though
blooming abundantly, they must have the company of other varieties to enable them to
mature fruit. Therefore, be sure to plant several varieties together, so tha+ every tree has
a different variety for its next door neighbor. Use Hawkeye and DeSoto for fertilizers.

DISEASES AND ENEMIES OF THE PLUM—The prevalence of the disease of the plum commonly
known as the “Black Knot,” which has so much discouraged people in the eastern states from giving to the
plum its merited share of attention, has as yet done but little damage west of the Mississippi River, but its
appearance should be guarded against, and its ravages prevented by keeping the trees in healthy condition,
which is done by good cultivation, and removing the Knot by amputation on its first appearance. Nothing
is more favorable to the growth of the black fungus or knot than neglect. But the great enemy of the plum is
the insect known as the Curculio, a small, dark brown beetle which punctures the fruit in depositing its egg
from which is hatched the destructive grub, and causing the fruit to drop prematurely and rot. Two ways of
destroying this Curculio and saving the crop of fruit is recommended, viz:

First. Spread a large sheet prepared for the purpose under the tree and then jar the tree so as to shake
down all fruits that have been stung, as well as all the curculios; both insect and stung fruit are destroyed.
Begin to do this as soon as the blossom falls, and keep it up daily, or at least tri-weekly until the fruit is half
grown. The morning is the best time to do this when the insect is chilled and stupid.

Second. The best remedy andthe one generally adopted now doubtless is the spraying of the trees,
directions for which is given in the last pages of this catalogue. If those who really desire to grow fine crops of
this most delicious fruit will try either of these systems and follow it up rigidly they will be successful.

EUROPEAN PLUMS

BRADSHAW—Fruit very large; dark violet red; flesh yellowish green; juicy :.ad pleas-
ant; productive. Vigorcus. Middle of August.

GERMAN PRUNE—Very large, long, oval; purple, with a thick blue bloom; flesh
green, firm, sweet, pleasant and separates freely from the stone. Tree bears enormous
crops, hanging late; vigorous. Sep- =
tember.

LOMBARD —Tree vigorous, hardy
and productive; fruit of medium size,
roundish oval, slightly flattenea at the
ends; skin a delicate violet-red, paler
in shade; flesh deep yellow, juicy and
pleasant. August.

SHIPPER’S PRIDE—Size large;
color dark purple; flesh firm and excel-
lent. September.

SHROPSHIRE DAMSON—A plum
of fine quality. The flesh is amber
colored, juicy and sprightly. Very
productive and a valuable market
variety. Freestone. September.

TATGE—“King of All Plums’—
The most productive long lived plum
known. This fine hardy plum, of
European strain, is from a seedlin
originated in lowa. A fine grower an
an Sah mo profuse gander ae has
stood all the test winters of the past RMAN
fifteen years and seems to be the most ne rene
productive long lived plum known. Excellent in quality.

_ YELLOW EGG—Very large; egg-shaped; excellent for cooking; good and productive,
vigorous. Last of August. Splendid variety for nearby market.

12 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

NATIVE PLUMS

BRIT TLEWOOD—Originated with Theo. Williams, Benson, Neb., from seed of
Harrison’s peach pollinated with Quaker. Form oval-round; size large, cavity shallow,
apex rounded; surface smooth, but not glossy; color dark red, dots numerous, small; bloom
thick, grayish; skin thick, slightly astringent; flesh firm, meaty; quality good; stone large,
flat, partly free; flavor sharp acid. Tree large, spreading and vigorous.

WILD GOOSE

CHARLES DOWNING—Fruit of large size and fine quality. Brilliant red; quality
superlative for eating fresh or for kitchen use. The tree is spreading, handsome and
fruitful. Hawkeye is an excellent fertilizer for it. Midseason.

DE SOTO—Resembles Miner in form and color, but two weeks earlier. Fine for
eating or canning. Tree a moderate grower; bears young and profusely; hardy north. Is
best planted on moist rich ground and the fruit thinned. Use this variety for fertilizing.

FOREST GARDEN—A strong growing tree; needs a little attention to keep tree in
shape to avoid splitting and breaking of limbs. A profuse bearer and perfectly hardy;
nearly round, mottled red and yellow, rich and sweet. August.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 13

HAMMER—Large, oblong, light red, of fine quality; profusely fruitful; season late;
fine for canning or market. The tree is as handsome as any plum tree that grows.

MILTON PLUMS

HAWKEYE-—-One of the best. Large, color light mottled red, superior quality, firm;
carries well to market. Tree hardy, thrifty; annual bearer. A splendid fertilizer. Sep-
tember.

MILTON—Medium size, dark red, skin thin, flesh firm, quality fair. Ripens earlier
than Wild Goose. Its extreme earliness makes it valuable. A strong grower, productive.

MINER PLUMS

_MINER—Tree a strong vigorous grower, fruit large, and of a good quality, A valuable
variety to raise in the southern part of the country. Middle to last of September.

_ POTTAWATTAMIE—Tree a good grower, hardy; color a yellowish red turning to
bright red when fully ripe; skin thin, clear and tough. First fruit begins to ripen late in
July; quality fairly good.

14 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

STODDARD—One of the largest of the native plums originated in Iowa. It is a
light pinkish red color, very handsome, with a tough, sweet skin. Quality fair.

SURPRISE—Grown from seed in Brown County, Minn., in 1886. Professor Crane-
field, of Madison, Wis., says: ‘‘The very best Plum so far tested in our orchard.” Fruit
prune-shaped, dark red. Long keeper, therefore valuable for market. Ripe from Sep-
teeter to 10. Tree a thrifty, upright grower; hardy and productive. A fine tree in
orchard.

WEAVER—Large, purple with a blue bloom, very prolific; a constant and regular
bearer and of good quality. Tree very hardy. August.

WILD GOOSE—The mostJpopular fruit with some fruit growers. Tree a vigorous,
upright grower; fruit medium to_large, rich golden yellow, shaded with red; flesh yellow and
juicy; flavor rich and good.

WOLF—Fruit large, a perfect freestone. As to quality we find them superb for cook-
ing and for serving with sugar as we use peaches. ‘Tree a good grower; hardy. August.

WYANT—Large, round, oblong, wedge shape, dark red; skin thick; peels readily;
flesh firm; freestone, and of excellent quality. Native of Iowa and hardy. :

JAPAN PLUMS

ABUNDANCE—Lérge
roundish; freestone; amber,turn-
ing to a rich cherry color with a
whitish bloom; flesh light yel-
low, juicy, tender, sweet and ex-
cellent, vigorous and very pro-
ductive. August.

BURBANK—Large, nearly
globular; clear cherry red with
thin lilac bloom; flesh deep, yel-
low; rich, very sweet, with a
peculiar and agreeable flavor.
Vigorous and a very early
bearer. Last of August.

KELSEY—Fruit very large,
heart shaped; color a rich yellow
nearly overspread with a bright
red with a lovely bloom; flesh
firm, meaty, rich of excellent
quality; tree a fair grower.
August and September.

SATSUMA (Blood)—A fine
large plum, delicious for canning
and a grand market sort; nearly
round; the flesh is solid, of pur-
plish crimson color from pit to
skin, juicy and of fine quality; pit exceedingly small—very little larger than a cherry stone;

tree a strong, vigorous grower with a brownish-red bark and lancelot foliage. Will keep for
from one to three weeks after picking. Yields well.

BURBANK

WICKSON—New. A remarkable handsome, very large, deep maroon red plum.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 15

Select Cherries

Cherry trees are now generally propagated by budding on Mahaleb stocks, since they do not sprout from
oS pgm They should be planted deep enough to place the point of union from four to six inches below the
surface.

No home orchard is complete without its proportion of Cherry trees, and it is one of the most profitable
market fruits and will succeed on any kind of soil that is not wet. There arefour groups: Hearst, Bigarreaus,
Dukes and Morellos. The sweet cherries, or Heart and Bigarreau varieties, are not so much of a success in
the West and Southwest as in the Eastern states, but the Dukes and Morellos succeed everywhere, especially
the latter

Northern planters should leave the sweet Cherries entirely alone. If you want toexperiment with them,
get a tree or two with the expectation of losing it before you see the fruit. Eastern and southern planters may
asp plant a few for home use, although the Dukes and Morellos are more reliable and the only profitable
market sort.

Cherry culture has been a success when proper attention has been given to the selection
of varieties and their culture. The hardy, thrifty varieties of the Morello type may be
freely planted with confidence of profitable results. The cherry tree should be planted in
a naturally dry soil, or the soil should be well drained, so that water may not remain near
the roots for any considerable time. The most successful varieties in general cultivation
are:

HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES. (Sweet).

BLACK TARTARIAN—Very large, bright, glossy black; half tender, juicy, rich and
fine. Tree a rapid grower and good bearer. Last of June and first of July.

GOVERNOR WOOD—Large; light yellow and bright red; nearly tender, juicy, sweet,
rich and delicious, Tree vigorous and productive. Middle to last of June.

ENGLISH MORELLO CHERRIES

WINDSOR—The fruit is large, flesh remarkably firm, sweet and of fine quality.
Tree hardy and prolific. Middle of June.

YELLOW SPANISH—Large, pale yellow, with red cheek; flesh firm, juicy, delicious
and handsome. Last of June and first of July.

16 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES (Sour).

Let Early Richmond and Montmorency make up a large part of your Cherry orchard if you want to be
entirely happy. Other varieties are gradually dying out, so that in time Early Richmond and Montmorency,
with some English Morello for late market, will constitute the varieties in the orchard.

These two sorts successfully resist the ailments caused by floods of rain. Professor Webster, of Ohio,
reported that these two have so far been able to resist the attacks of the San Jose Scale.

COMPASS—Originated in Minnesota. Is a cross between the Morello cherry and
Miner plum. Remarkably hardy and planted extensively in Minnesota and the Dakotas,
where encouraging reports have been made as to hardiness and fruitfulness. Its early
bearing is wonderful. One year old trees in the nursery now being covered with bloom.
Many trees fruit same year they are planted. Unsurpassed in extremely cold climates for
canning.

DYEHOUSE—This variety partakes both of the Morello and Duke wood and fruit.
A very early and sure bearer; ripens a week before Early Richmond, is of better quality
and productive. Free. May and June.

EARLY RICHMOND — Everywhere
the most popular. Tree strong, thrifty
grower, making a large, symmetrical head;
fruit medium size, dark red, melting, juicy;
sprightly acid flavor and especially valua-
ble for cooking purposes; tree anearly and
abundant bearer. Season last of May and
first of June.

ENGLISH MORELLO—Tree moderate
grower, hardy; an early and great bearer;
the most valuable of the late varieties.
Fruit large, round; skin dark red, becom-
ing nearly black when fully ripe; flesh dark
red, tender, juicy and of a pleasant sub-
acid flavor when fully ripe. July.

LARGE MONTMORENCY — (Large
Montmorency). A fine, large, light red
cherry of the Richmond class, but larger
and more solid; a more upright grower,
equally hardy and productive. Second
only to Early Richmond in value. Ripens
ten days later.

NORTHWEST—About as large as, and
five days earlier than, Early Richmond;
dark red; flesh firm. The tree closely
resembles Early Richmond in size and
general appearance; bears young and
abundantly. Charles Downing said:
“This is the most valuable cherry for
the Northwest.”

OSTHEIM—Tree medium size, with
round, compact top like English Morello;
bears early and abundantly. Fruit me-
dium size; almost black when fully ripe;
juicy, rich, almost sweet. For eating
from the hand it is at the head of our list
of hardy cherries. Season late.

W RAG G— Originated in Iowa.
Medium to large in size, long stem, dark
purple when fully ripe. A variety well
adapted for the prairie regions of the
Northwest. Appears identical in tree
and fruit with English Morello, but is
claimed to be a new variety. Valuable
MONTMORENCY late cherry. July.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs. Roses and Plants 17

Peach trees should be planted 16 to 18 feet apart. To secure healthy, vigorous and
fruitful trees and fine fruit, the following points should be well attended to:

(1) Keep the ground clean
and mellow. (2) Keep the
heads low, the trunk should
not exceed three and one-
half feet in height. (3)
Give them an_ occasional
dressing of wood ashes; soap-
suds are also good. (4)
Prune every spring, shorten-
ing the shoots of the previ-
ous year’s growth. This
keeps the head round, full
and well furnished with bear-
ing wood. Cut weak shoots
back about one-half and
strong ones about one-third,
but see that there is left a
sufficient supply of fruit buds.
Sickly and superfluous shoots
should be cut out clean. The
fruit is borne on wood of
last season’s growth, hence the necessity of keeping up a good supply of vigorous
annual shoots all over the tree. Young trees should be well mulched every spring.
é ADMIRAL DEWEY—A perfect freestone, of fine size, form and color, with delicious
yellow flesh that is yet firm enough to ship well. The tree is a strong, hardy, symmetrical
grower and produces well. The very best early yellow freestone. July.

ALEXANDER—Large size, handsome
and regular in form, with deep maroon
shade, covered with the richest tint of
crimson, rich and good in quality, with a
vinous flavor; adheres to the stone. Last
of June.

BAILEY—Good size, quality excellent,
heavy bearer, ripens September Ist. By
some claimed to be the surest bearer of
all the peaches adapted to the Northwest.
Freestone. :

BANNER—Large, yellow, with crim-
son cheek, flesh firm, yellow, rich, excel-
lent; keeps and ships as well as any peach
on the market. In growth, early-bear-
ing habit, productiveness and unusual
hardiness of wood and bud, the variety is
all that could be desired. Has been
grown in Canada for fifteen to twenty
years and found to produce good crops
yearly through several seasons when all
other sorts failed. The very best late
market variety. October.

CRAWFORD’S EARLY—Fruit very
large, oblong; skin yellow, with a fine red
cheek; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet and excel-
lent. Wonderfully productive and hardy.
Freestone Last of August.

CRAWFORD’S LATE—Fruit of the lar-
gest size; skin yellow or greenish yellow,
with dull red cheek; flesh yellow; produc-
tive. One of the finest late sorts. Free-
stone. Last of September. ELBERTA PEACHES

18 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

BOKARA—Raised from seed pro-
cured in Bokara, Asia. It has been
fruited in the Northwest for years and
found to be one of the hardiest peaches
known there. Tree has stood 28
degrees below zero with but little
injury to the tips, and produced fair
crops. Fruit large, yellow, with red
cheek, of good quality, perfect free-
stone; skin tough, a fine shipper.
August.

CHAMPION—Originated at Ne-
koma, Ill. The earliest freestone and
a first-class shipper. Bears full crops
when others fail. In comparison with
the bountiful yield of all of the best
kinds, it is of all of them the champion.
Size large; flavor delicious, juicy, sweet,
rich, excelling all other varieties; very
handsome in appearance, creamy-white
with red cheek; very hardy; season

CRAWFORD’S EARLY earliest.

CROSBY—Medium; rich orange yellow with blush; freestone; pit small. flesh yellow,
eee and sweet. Tree low, spreading; willowy habit of growth. Ripens before Crawford’s

ate. —

ELBERTA—Large yellow with red cheek; of excellent quality; flesh yellow and melt-
ing; freestone. Middle of July.

FITZGERALD—An improved Early Crawford, being fully equal to it in size, quality
and color. The tree commences bearing young, is productive and one of the hardiest.
Fruit large, brilliant color, bright yellow, suffused with red; flesh deep yellow, best quality.
Early September.

HEATH CLING—Large, oblong, white, slightly tinged with red in thesun. Fruit
tender, rich, melting, luscious. September 15.

HILL’S CHILI—One of the most hardy varieties known. Dry, firm flesh, sweet and
excellent for canning. The fruit is not large, but you will always be sure of peaches if you
plant a few trees of Hill’s Chili.

MAYFLOWER (The Earliest Red Freestone Peach in the World)—Trees two years
old have produced over half a bushel of fruit. A strong grower and perfectly hardy.
Fruit large, skin red and crimson, very attractive, fresh bright yellow, excellent flavor and
nearly freestone. Good bearer and shipper. No peach orchard complete without the
Mayflower.

OLDMIXON—One of the old standard sorts. Strong, upright grower, needing heavy
annual shortening. Fruit large, round, somewhat elongated. Flesh firm and of good
quality. August.

SNEED—Fruit medium to large, greenish white, blush on sunny side; juicy and good,
July. Not reliable North, though desirable as a very early bearer.

STUMP THE WORLD—Large,
round; white skin, with red cheek;
flesh white, juicy, good. Freestone.
August 15.

TRIUM P H—Earliest yellow
fleshed peach, with good eating and
shipping qualities. Ripens with
Alexander, blooms late; sure and
abundant bearer; strong, vigorous
grower. Fruit good size, yellow,
with red and crimson cheek.

WONDERFUL—Originated — in
New Jersey. Very large, yellow
with red cheek; flesh yellow, highly
flavored and firm; bright red at the
pit, which is small and parts freely
from the flesh. Good keeper. Oc-
tober. >, BANNER PEACHES

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 19

Apricots

If your Apricots are attacked by Curculio, apply the same treatment as given for Domestic plums. Budded
On our native plum seedling stocks, they are especially hardy and desirable.

The Apricots, one of the most beautiful and
delicious of fruits, ripening just between cherries
and peaches, is of great value south. Plant the
trees in among plums.

ALEXANDER—Russian, an immense bearer.
Fruit large, oblong, yellow, flecked with red;
sweet and delicious.

BUDD—Russian. Large, white with red
cheek; sweet and juicy; strong grower, good
bearer. Late.

CHINESE—Vigorous grower. The fruit is
large, yellow with red cheek, of good quality;
a freestone.

_ GIBB—Russian. Medium, yellow, sub-acid,
rich and juicy; the best early sort.

EARLY GOLDEN—Small, pale orange; flesh
orange, Juicy and sweet. Tree hardy and pro-
ductive. Beginning of July.

HARRIS—Origin, Geneva, N. Y. Recom-
mended for extreme hardiness and good bear-
ing qualities. Large, fair quality. Best market
variety.

MOORPARK—One of the largest and finest
apricots. Yellow, withred cheek. Flesh orange
sweet, juicy and rich; parts from the stone.
Very productive. BUDD APRICOT

Quinces

One of th” -..ost profitable and attractive market fruits. In places where the right conditions of soil and
climate are met, it succeeds well. It wants mellow, well-enriched soil and plenty of moisture. .One of the
best modes of cultivation for the Quince is given as follows:

Late in the autumn give the soil a top dressing of potash, or wood ashes, which is the best, though slacked
lime or cow manure willdo. Sprinkie some salt over the ground and then cover with a heavy mulching of straw
or litter, say six or eight inches thick, to prevent the roots from severe freezing, and in the spring remove the
mulching, placing itin piles near the trees, and cultivate the soil thoroughly until about the last of June or first
of July, at which time replace the mulching, which should again be removed in October and replaced about one
month later after the ground has been top dressed as above directed, and continued in this way from year
to year.

CHAMPION—Fruit large, fair and handsome. ‘Tree bears abundantly while young.
Flesh cooks as tender as an apple and without hard spots or cores; flavor delicate. 7
most valuable of all.

MAMMOTH (Rea’s Mammoth)—A very large, fine variety of the Orange type.
Strong grower and productive. Brought into notice near Kansas City, Mo. Probably
the best of all Quinces.

MEECH PROLIFIC—The most profitable of all known varieties. Ripens between the
Orange and the Champion. Bears early, quality good, and size large.

\ ORANGE—Large, roundish; yellow; cooks tender and is of excellent flavor. Valuable
for preserves and flavoring. Productive. September. :

20 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

Mulberries

The mulberry is not only valuable as an ornamental shade tree, but the fruit is well
worthy of a place in every collection. Plant in deep, rich sandy loam. The tree requires
little or no pruning and is of easy culture.

DOWNING’S EVERBEARING MULBERRY RUSSIAN MULBERRY

DOWNING’S EVERBEARING—This very delicious variety originated from the
seed of the Morus Multicaulis, having the strong, vigorous habits of that species and pro-
duces a large fruit of a dark, purplish black color; flesh juicy, rich, sprightly, delicious.
Very productive and ripening its fruit in succession for a long time. Not hardy North.

NEW AMERICAN—Largest fruit, black; delicious flavor; a very attractive lawn tree,
with very large leaves. Of rapid growth. Hardy.

RUSSIAN—Good shade and ornamental tree, growing freely and symmetrically,
holding its leaves late in the fall. Very rapid grower, excellent wind and snow break;
bears early and constantly. Color of fruit varies some, generally balck; most valuable to
supply the native birds, thus keeping them from the most precious fruits.

Select Grapes

Almost everyone can find room for from six to a dozen or more grape vines. They can
be trained up the side of any building or over a garden fence, but the best and cheapest
way to grow them either in large or small quantities, is on a wire trellis. |. Work the ground
deep for grape vines and plant a little deeper than they were in the nursery. Make the
rows eight feet apart and plant vines six to eight feet apart in the rows. Some of the
tender varieties would be benefited by laying the vines flat on the ground during the winter,
with a light covering of earth or litter. ?

PRUNING—Annual and careful pruning is essential to the production of good grapes. The roots

cannot bring to maturity a fine crop of fruit if they are called upon to carry too much wood. Late in the
fallis the best time to prune, when the vines are dormant.

——_

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 21

RED GRAPES

WOODRUFF (RED)

BLACK GRAPES

—

CAMPBELL’S EARLY—A new,
very large and fine early grape, black;
strong, vigorous, hardy vine with
thick, healthy leaves; clusters very
large, usually shouldered, compact
and handsome; berries large, nearl
round, black, rich, sweet, very roe |
skin thin; seedsfew and small, parting
easily from the pulp; a good shipper.
Ripens very early, but remain sound
on the vines for many weeks. This
makes it one of the most satisfactory
and profitable market sorts to grow.

CHAMPION—Bunches large and
compact; berries large, covered with a
rich bloom; poor in quality; vine a
strong and healthy grower and a good
bearer; profitable for market on
account of its earliness.

CONCORD—One of the most pop-
ular and reliable varieties we possess ;
bunch large, compact and shouldered;
berry large, round, almost black with
blue bloom, juicy, buttery and very
sweet.

4

AGAWAM—Bunch large, shouldered;
berry large, round, reddish brown, tender,
vinous and of excellent flavor. Very vig-
orous and productive. Vine hardy and one
of the best of its class.

BRIGHTON—Bunch large, shouldered;
berries medium to large, round, dark red,
tender, very little pulp, sweet, juicy, slightly
aromatic and very good. Ripens early.

DELAWARE—The bunches are small,
compact, and sometimes shouldered; berries

' are small with thin but firm skin; flesh juicy,

very sweet and refreshing and of the best
quality for both table use and for wine.
Ripens with Concord or a little before; vine
is hardy, productive and a moderate grower.

SALEM—Bunch large and compact; berry
large, of a light chestnut or Catawba color.
thick skin, perfectly free from hard pulp;
very sweet and sprightly with a most exqui-
site aromatic flavor; as early as Worden;
keeps well.

WOODRUFF—A handsome, profitable
market sort; vine vigorous, productive; iron-
clad constitution. Bunch and berry large,
attractive, ripens early; fair quality, long
keeper, good shirper. In most sections the
best red market grape for main crop.

WORDEN (BLACK)

22 Our New Illustrated and Vescriptive Catalog of

CAMPBELL’S EARLY

BRIGHTON

ee eee eee

MOORE’S EARLY—A large
grape, ripening a week earlier than
Concord; good _ grower; _ berries
large, good quality, and makes a
moderate yield; very valuable as
an early grape.

VERGENNES—Berries large,
holding firmly to the stem; light
amber, rich and delicious. Is an
excellent late keeper.

WORDEN —Seedling of the Con-
cord, which it greatly resembles in
appearance and flavor, but the
berries are larger. The fruit is said
to be better flavoréd and to ripen
several days earlier. These quali-
ties will give it the foremost rank
among native grapes.

Paper bags slipped over the clus-
ters as soon as they have formed
are a good protection from fungus,
insects and birds.

To destroy the grape curculio
pest, spray with London purple as
soon as fruit is set.

The borer manifests itself by
the unhealthy appearance of the
vine. Search at the roots and des-
troy the grub.

MOORE’S EARLY

Ti = ey +e : aa y ha
aR A sia Wis nar Se Me Sh a el ta

MARTHA—Bunches and berries
of medium size, greenish white, with
a thin bloom; flesh tender, with
very little pulp, juicy, sweet and
rich, hardy and productive. Ri-
pens with Concord.

MOORE’S DIAMOND— The
leading, early white grape, ripening
before Moore’s Early. White, with
a thin bloom; flesh juicy, few seeds,
almost free from pulp, excellent
quality; above medium size, ad-
heres firmly to stem. Very like
Concord in growth, hardiness and
foliage.

NIAGARA—Occupies the same
position among the white varieties
as Concord among the _ black.
Bunch and berries large, greenish
white, changing to pale yellow when
fully ripe. Skin thin but tough;
quality much like the Concord.

POCKLINGTON—Seedling
from the Concord. The vine is
thoroughly hardy both in wood and
foliage; it is a strong grower, never
mildews in vine or foliage. The
fruit is a light golden yellow, clear,
juicy and sweet to the center, with
little or no pulp; bunches very
large, sometimes shouldered; _ber-
ries round, very large and thickly
set. Ripens with the Concord.

24 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

Raspberries

The great improvement in the hardy varieties makes the cultivation of this fine fruit
comparatively easy; any good soil will do, but a light, loamy one is preferable. Plant in
rows five or six feet apart, leaving four feet between the plants; remove the old canes as
soon as the fruit is gone, and do not allow more than three or four new ones to each hill;
pinch the young canes when three or four feet high, and continue pinching in the laterals
when a few inches long. Treated in this way they will need no stakes, but will be stout
enough to support themselves.

RED RASPBERRIES

CARDINAL—Nevw;; originated in Kansas; heavy grower, hardy; berries firm and of
excellent quality; very productive.

CUTHBERT—Cane tall and vigorous, berries large, conical,
rich crimson and very handsome; best quality and carries well:
very productive.

COLUMBIAN—The Columbian is a new variety of the
Shaffer type, of remarkable vigor and _productiveness. Not
very hardy and propagates from tips. Fruit very large, often
an inch in diameter, shape somewhat conical, color dark red
bordering on purple; ’ adheres firmly to the stem and will dry on
the bush if not picked; seeds small and deeply imbedded in a rich
juicy pulp with a distinct flavor of its own. Succeeds wherever
red sorts do well and promises to become the leading variety.
A most delicious table berry.

wee ee

Dal
HAYMAKER—Purple cap, not so dark as Shaffer or Columbian. A splendid shipper

and canning berry; does not crumble; excellent quality; very productive; plants vigorous
and hardy.

“Shee
iri

HAYMAKER RASPBERRIES

EARLY RICHMOND

Most popular acid Cherry, unsurpassed for cooking; very early and abundant;
last of May and June.

26 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

LOTTA—A fine new berry originated at
Lawrence, Kan. Has steadily grown in
favor. As large, good and handsome as
Gregg, and one week earlier, being midway
between Older and Gregg. It is one of the
most profitable berries fur market.

MAMMOTH CLUSTER—A large and
very productive variety of black cap. Qua-
lity good; ripens before the Gregg.

NEMAHA—Originated in Nemaha county,
Nebr. Seedling of Gregg; very similar to it,
but later and of better quality; stands more
upright. A good sort for our dry prairie
regions.

OLDER—Originated in Iowa ten years ago
and has stood all our severest winters well.
Coal black, as large as Gregg and five days
earlier. From its size, quality, hardiness
and great productiveness it promises to head
the list when better known.

PALMER—A new early black cap variety;
ripens its fruit just before the Gregg, but
ripens it in shorter time. Good quality;
vine is a strong grower and one of iron clad
firmness.

KANSAS RASPBERRIES

Blackberries

Any moderately rich soil will answer for their cultivation, but to avoid a too strong
growth and straggling habit the ends of the shoots must be occasionally pinched in during
the growing season, thereby encouraging the plants to form dwarf bushes, making it easier
to work among them, and at the same time causing the plants to produce a larger crop and
finer berries. An annual dressing with manure will produce an excellent effect on the
succeeding crop of fruit .

ANCIENT BRITON—On
of the best hardy varieties.
very vigorous, healthy, hardy
loaded with good-sized ber-
ries of fine quality, carry well
to andfetch highest price in-
market. For general plant-
ing in sections subject to se-
vere winters, the Ancient
Briton is a first-class variety.

ERIE (Uncle Tom)—It is
the most vigorous and heal-
thy plant of any blackberry
we have ever grown and thus
far absolutely hardy. Very
productive of berries of the
largest size, coal black, firm
and solid. Fine form and
ripens early. SNYDER BLACKBERRIES

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 27

MERSEREAU BLACKBERRIES

MERSEREAU—Originated in northwestern New York. Renowned for hardiness of
cane, great productiveness and large size berry. Is not ‘‘seedy” like many other sorts.
Fruit jet black, and does not change color. Berries rich, melting and luscious, with little
ornocore. It has a record of yielding 12,000 per acre.

YSSS
MINNEWASKI—Berries large, juicy, WN
sweet. Remarkably productive and har- WS
dy. Ripens early.

RATHBUN—This new blackberry has
been tested over a wide area and is said
to surpass any blackberry on the market.
Berries large, jet black and of very fine
quality. Ripens early.

SNYDER—The old standard. Very
hardy, consequently much raised in cold
climates. Berries medium size, juicy,
rich; strong, stout cane; thrifty growth
and a very broad leaf.

STONE’S HARDY—Is claimed to be
even hardier than Snyder. It is a vig-
orous grower; berries glossy black and of
a good flavor. About eight days later
than Snyder and lasts two weeks.

TAYLOR—A good succession for Sny-
der in cold climates. Ripens its large,
luscious berries some weeks later. Vig-
orous, hardy, fruitful.

WILSON—A very superior, large,
early berry, of sweet and excellent qual-
ity. Strong-growing, amazingly fruit-
ful, very early to ripen.

RATHBBUN BLACKBERRIES

28 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

ANCIENT BRITON EARLY HARVEST ERIE

_ HARLY HARVEST—This is one of the earliest blackberries, but needs winter protec-
tion. Fruit medium size, quality good and prolific bearer.

Dewberry

LUCRETIA—Fruit very large, lus-
cious and handsome; perfectly hardy, a
strong grower and enormously produc-
tive; a superb and very profitable market
fruit; the vines should be allowed to
remain on the ground during the winter
and staked up early in the spring.

STRAWBERRY-RASPBERRY

One of the recent introductions from
Japan. Seemingly a hybrid between
strawberry and raspberry. Bush dies
to the ground in the fall. Fruit red, in
size and shape like a strawberry. In
= northern states it should not be planted
LUCRETIA DEWBERRY for the fruit, but as a novelty, if at all.

DWARF JUNEBERRY
Fruit borne in clusters. Reddish purple, changing to bluish black. Excellent for
canning. The fruit is eagerly devoured by birds, which leave the finest fruits untouched
where this is plentiful.

Currants

Currants should be planted four feet apart in the garden. The currant flourishes in
almost any kind of soil, but to have the fruit in perfection plant in rich. deep soil, and give
good annual pruning and cultivation. When plants are grown as bushes the older and
feebler suckers should be cut out. When grown in a form of a tree with a single stem,
the bearing wood should be thinned and the stem and roots kept free of suckers.

BLACK NAPLES—Very large, black, rich, tender and excellent for jellies and wine.
Very productive.

CHERRY—The largest of all red currants; berries sometimes more than one half inch
in diameter; bunches short; plant very vigorous and productive when grown on good soil
and well cultivated.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants

_._ ha
SFAYS NE
> 7 PRO

FAY’S PRULIFIC—For size, beauty
and productiveness the most remark-
able red currant ever grown. The
berry is fully equal to cherry currant,
while the flavor 1s much superior.
The stem is double the length on an
average, and the fruit hangs on well,
never dropping, as in other currants.

HOLLAND—A very strong grower;
canes stout and capable of holding up
the enormous crop it always bears.
It is quite late, thus prolonging the
season.

LA VERSAILLAISE—Resembles the
Cherry; large; of great beauty and pro-
ductiveness.

NORTH STAR—Nevw seedling; very
vigorous; perfectly hardy; bunches
long and well filled with fruit.

PERFECTION—In color it is a
beautiful bright red, and of a size
larger than the Fay; the clusters
average longer and the size of the
berries is maintained to the end of the

bunch. It is one of the most produc-
tive Currants we have ever known, and in quality it is superior
to anything in the market, being of a rich, mild, sub-acid
flavor and having plenty of pulp with few seeds.

PERFECTION CURRANTS

VICTORIA CURRANTS

POMONA —This is one of the most
profitable currants for the market;
while not the largest in size, it out-
yields all other varieties. Color is a
beautiful bright red, berry sweet and
less acid than most of the general
varieties; good size, and larger than
Victoria; a vigorous grower with
healthy, hardy foliage.

RED DUTCH—Old, well-known sort
of good quality; great bearer. Fine
market variety. Vigorous and up-
right grower.

WHITE DUTCH—White; medium
size; vigorous grower and good bearer;
bunches very compact; early. Fruit
requires less sugar than some others;
excellent for jellies.

VICTORIA—Very large; bright red;
bunches very long; late; very produc-
tive and valuable. This is a standard,
good, and reliable currant.

WHITE GRAPE—Very large, yel-
owish white; sweet, or very mild acid;
excellent for the table. The finest of
the white sorts, very productive.

30 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

Gooseberries

The gooseberry delights in a deep, exceedingly rich soil, as recommended for currants,
and thorough mulching. Gooseberries have never received the attention they deserve.

HOUGHTON GOOSEBERRIES

PEARL—A cross between Houghton and one
of the arge English varieties. It is very hardy
and entirely free from mildew; superior in size
and quality; more productive than Downing,
and is likely to supersede this standard sort.

SMITH’S IMPROVED—Much like Down-
ing; strong grower; large berry; productive only
under high cultivation.

In order to produce large, abundant crops it
is necessary to manure heavily and prune closely.
Mildew is prevented by close planting and heavy

mulching. Plant three to four feet each way.

The markets are scarcely ever
fully supplied. Each year the
demand is greater and no one
will make a mistake in planting
quite liberally of this most
healthful, invigorating fruit.

DOW NIN G—Fruit very
large, flesh whitish green, soft,
juicy and good; plant vigorous
and prolific; one of the best.

HOUGHTON—tThe old, well-
known sort; pale red, sweet and
good. It is rather small, but
a productive, healthy and very
reliable gooseberry.

INDUSTR Y—Very large;
dark red, hairy, of delicious
quality. In a cool, rich soil
with a northern exposure it will
yeild an abundance of large,
luscious fruit. Under favorable
conditions its immense crops
and exemption from mildew will
repay the attention it requires.
Not an ironclad. English sort.

JOSSELYN— An American
seedling of large size, smooth,
prolific and hardy, of best qual-
ity. Has been well tested over
a wide extent of territory by the
side of all the leading varieties,
and so far the freest from mildew
both in leaf and fruit, of them
all. A wonderful cropper, with
bright, clean, healthy foliage.
The one large Gooseberry that
can be planted with entire confi-
dence.

DOWNING GOOSEBERRIES

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 31

Strawberries

Strawberries will suc-
ceed in any soil that is
adapted to any ordinary
farm or garden crops.
Soil should be thoroly
prepared to a _ good
depth, well drained and
enriched. For field cul-
aah ek ture set in rows three
ORT or three and_ one-half
eho feet apart, fifteen to
eighteen inches in rows;
for garden fifteen to
eighteen inches each way, leaving pathway every third row.
Ground should always be kept clean and well cultivated. In
winter a covering of leaves, straw or some kind of litter will
protect the plants. Do not cover them until ground is frozen
or so deep as to smother the plants, and remove covering before
growth starts in the spring. When the berries are set discontinue cultivation and mulch
lightly which will keep the fruit clean and
the soil in good condition during the fruiting
season. The blossoms of all varieties marked
**S”’ are bi-sexual or perfect, those marked
‘“P” are destitute of stamens and are termed
pistillate or imperfect, as are shown in the
accompanying figures. Imperfect varieties

should have a row of perfect flowered sorts i
IMPERFECT planted every third or fourth row to pollenize PERFECT
their blossoms. When imperfect blossoms are properly fertilized they are the most prolific.

BEDERWOOD. (S)—This is one of the best standard varieties for market. It is
early, a very strong yielder and continues a long time in bearing. A very strong staminate
the very best fertilizer for Warfield, Crescent or Haverland

yy

WM. BELT PARKER EARL CRESCENT

BRANDYWINE (S)—A fine, large, late, handsome, productive berry of excellent
quality, regular conical form; dark glossy red, extending to the center. Plant healthy and
vigorous, abundant producer. An extra good sort for all purposes.

32 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

BUBACH NO. 5.—(P) Very prolific, of excel-
lent flavor and in size “simply immense.” Ber-
ries all average large. A number of new varie-
ties have been pitted against it, claiming superi-
ority in one way or another, but we predict the
Bubach will come out first best, and continue
to grow in favor.

CLYDE (S)—A healthy, vigorous grower
and very productive. Fruit large, bright red,
good quality. As far as tested is giving the best
of satisfaction.

CRESCENT (P)—This is an old and reliable
sort. It is especially adapted for sandy soil,
as it is a great plant producer and on rich loam
makes an overcrowded, matted row. Good.

HAVERLAND (P)—Profitable by reason of
its productiveness and earliness; requires deep,
heavy soil; plant exceedingly vigorous and heal-
thy; fruit large, handsome and good, rather long
in shape and of a bright, glossy crimson; early.

JESSIE (S)—The plant is a stout luxuriant grower; foliage light green; large, and
clean; it is a beautiful color, fine quality, good form, quite firm.

ay

&

Rants
Mra

“al f y
pie

LG

ROUGH

CES

RIDER

SP ee, a eg, ee

‘= SOT cee

SENATOR DUNLAP

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 33

BRANDYWINE NEW HOME

LADY RUSK (P)—A vigorous grower; withstands heat and drouth to perfection.
Earlier than Crescent. Flavor rich and excellent.

LOVETT (S)—tThis is one of the best market varieties. It succeeds generally in
any soil or locality, it is of the tough, hardy varieties. The plants are rank and vigorous.
The fruit is of good uniform size, of a high rich color, and splendid flavor.

MARSHALL (S)—An exceedingly handsome, high colored, very large berry of extra
fine quality; ripening early. Plant very strong, with high culture produces heavy crops.
The best early large variety.

MICHEL’S EARLY (S)—Plant a strong grower, in most sections productive; ber-
ries medium size, roundish, bright crimson, fair quality. One of the first berries to ripen
and worthy of planting everywhere on that account.

NEW HOME (S)—Introduced in 1905 and has been thoroughly tested over a large
scope of country; fruit of a bright red color that holds its lustre well after being picked.
Produces well on either high or low ground. Easy to pick and ranks among the first in
productiveness.

NICK OHMER (S)—Very large and stocky, sending out plenty of very strong run-
ners, probably not surpassed in healthy, vigorous growth and productiveness by any
variety. The fruit is of the largest size, never misshapen. Its only departure from the
regular roundish conical form is when, under high culture, it is somewhat triangular. It
is dark, glossy red, firm and of excellent flavor.

CLYDE

34 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

PARKER EARLE (S)—This
variety should be planted on rich
soil. Should be grown in hills.
Give it the best of cultivation and
the crop will astonish you, but it
will prove a failure, if planted on
thin soil or matted rows. It sets
so many berries it cannot mature
them on poor soil.

ROUGH RIDER (S)—Perfect
blossom, very productive, extremely
vigorous, very large and attractive;
one of the firmest, latest, best keep-
ers, of finest flavor, sells at high
prices. Berries very large, irregu-
lar in shape, dark colored. Promis-
es to take its place as the very_best
late market variety.

SAMPLE (P)—One of the very
best berries and seems to succeed
nearly everywhere. Plants strong,
large and healthy, producing in pro-
fusion large dark colored berries of
uniform size and color, firm enough
to ship well. One of the standard
sorts for both home and market.

SENATOR DUNLAP (S)—This berry is of the Warfield type, has a perfect blossom,
is hardy, productive, a splendid keeper and able to hold its own under any “‘rough and
tumble’”’ methods of culture to which it is likely to be subjected. It is a very heavy bearer
of good size, even fruit, of a very beautiful dark red color. It is a berry to grow for either
home use or market.

WARFIELD (P)—There is probably no better or more profitable berry grown for
market. It is in greater demand than any other berry for canning purposes, which also
creates a good market for it. Care should be taken to use the right berries as fertilizers.
It needs a strong pollinizer.

WM. BELT (S)—The plant is very large, a most luxuriant grower, and remarkably
productive. Its blossoms are perfect and it seems that each one is followed by a berry.
It is medium in ripening; its size is very large. In form it is conical, rather long, quite uni-
form in shape, except that the first berry on a fruit stalk is sometimes misshapen, especially
with high culture. The color is a bright glossy red. It ripens all over without green tips.
The quality is fine. It is a fine grower of large, well developed berries of excellent quality.

RHUBARB |

This deserves to be ranked among the best early fruits
in the garden. It affords the earliest material for pies and
tarts, continues long in use, is valuable for canning. Use
well grown ;oots, not divided old clumps.

LTNNAEUS—Large, early, tender and fine.
VICTORIA—Very large, long stocks; a great market sort.

ASPARAGUS

The first garden vegetable of spring; it is a great delicacy
and comes in just when it is most needed. One hundred roots
will supply a small family and will last for years. Set the
plants about eighteen inches apart in the row. Spread the
roots out in the bottom of the hole or furrow and gradually
fill in as the plant grows, so that the roots will be about four
inches deep.

CONOVER’S COLLOSAL—Best for general planting.
PALMETTO—Newer variety, earlier; probably as good.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Reses and Plants 35

Roses

Long before history began the
rose was loved, as now, for its
beauty and fragrance. No home
is truly a home without at least
a few of these charming plants.
Roses love a clayey soil and an
open, airy situation, but will do
well in any good soil. They
well repay good _ treatment.
feeble, sod-bound plants can-
not give free bloom. Mulch
well with manure. All roses in
this climate are benefitted by
being laid down and covered
in winter.

Mosses

The Moss roses are strong
growers and perfectly hardy;
they remain in bloom a long
time and are especially prized
for their beautiful mossy buds.

BLUSH MOSS—Very mossy;
fine buds; free bloomer.

CAPTAIN JOHN INGRAM
—Dark velvety purple; foliage
small, very handsome.

COMTESSE DE MURIN-
AIS—The finest double white
Moss rose, large, beautifully
mossed.

SALET—Clear rose _ color,
very double, of vigorous growth
and abundant bloom. Per-
petual.

Tree Rose

These plants are very attractive with the long branches drooping and trailing to the
ground, covered with great clusters of flowers. Flowers are semi-double, but are extremely
beautiful on account of their abundance and showy colors. Not hardy. Best to plant
in half barrel and give winter protection.

Hybrid Perpetuals

These are hybrids or crosses between June and Monthly roses, partaking of the hardi-
ness of one parent and the perpetual blooming habit of the other. They are by far the most
popular family of roses, needing good soil and culture, as they can only bloom on new shoots
of the current season. Free manuring after the first crop will insure better blooms later in
the season.

ALFRED COLOMB—PBright carmine red; clear color; large, deeply built form; exceed-
ingly fine. ;

ANNE DE DIESBACH (Glory of Paris)—Brilliant carmine pink. A superb garden
sort; fragrant, one of the hardiest and best.

BARONNE DE BONSTETTIN—Rich, dark red, passing to velvety maroon, highly
fragrant; very double.

COQUETTE DES ALPS—One of the finest pure white hybrid perpetuals; large, full,
finely formed flower; pure white sometimes faintly tinged with pale blush; profuse bloomer.

26 Our New Illustrated ard Desc -iptive Catalog of

COQUETTE DES BLANCHES—
Flowers of medium size in large
clusters, full and slightly fragrant.
Snowy white, sometimes delicately
flushed with pale rose.

GENERAL JACQUEMINOT—
This might be called the rose for the
million, for it is still a universal
favorite. Bright crimson-scarlet,
exceedingly rich and veivety.

GENERAL WASHINGTON—
Color brilliant crimson; very rich
and beautiful; large, perfectly
double and a free bloomer.

JOHN HOPPER—Bright rose
wate a carmine center, large and
ull.

MADAM CHARLES WOOD—
Flowers large; dazzling crimson; a
constant bloomer; very fine.

MADAM GABRIEL LUIZET—
Pink; very large and fragrant. As

an exhibition rose it stands at the
head of the list.

MAGNA CHARTA—B right,
clear pink, flushed with violet crim-
son, flowers large, fine form, sweet,
very double and free bloomer.

MRS. JOHN LAING— Deep
rose; large, fine form, fragrant,

PAUL NEYRON ROSES vigorous grower and hardy. One
of the most profuse bloomers.
MARSHALL P. WILDER—Nevy;; color cherry carmine; continues in bloom long after
others are out of flower: exquisite.

PAUL NEYRON—Deep rose color, good foliage
and by far the largest variety in cultivation; one of
the best.

PRINCE CAMILLE DE ROHAN—Very dark,
rich velvety crimson, passing to intense maroon,
shaded black; large full flowers. One of the darkest
roses and very handsome.

Climbing Roses

QUEEN OF THE PRAIRIE—Bright rose in
clusters, vigorous, very free bloomer.

SEVEN SISTERS—Fine, free bloomer, bright
scarlet; claimed by some to be hardier than Prairie
Queen.

Miscellaneous Hardy Roses

In this collection we have grouped the best of
the summer roses, they are hardy, requiring no pro-
tection, and thrive in exposed situations where most
roses will not grow. Nearly all of them make
beautiful hedges and are frequently used for this
purpose. They require but little pruning, as most
of their flowers are borne on the old wood.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees,

BABY RAMBLER—
This great novelty origi-
nated at Orleans, France,
and is a hybrid produced
by the crossing of Crim-
son Rambler and Gloire
des Polyanthus. It pre-
serves the prolific flower-
ing quality of the latter,
but has the color of the
Crimson Rambler (clear
brilliant ruby rose). The
foliage is of a fine polished
dark green and is never
attacked by insects or
fungus. It blooms in
clusters and is very con-
tinuous. The time of
blooming of the first
umbel is not ended when
the adjacent branches are
ready to open with a con-
siderable number of flow-
ers, so that the period of
blooming is not inter-
rupted until after severe
frosts. The rose will be
very popular on account
of its cluster formation
being similar to that of
the Crimson Rambler,
and more particularly
because it is covered with
flowers the whole summer.

Perpetual Crimson Rambler are perfectly hardy and vigorous.
inches high. It is not a climber.

Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 37

We have no hesitation in saying that the bushes of Dwarf

The plants grow 24 to 30

HARRISON’S YELLOW—This variety k.ooms early, making a brave show with its
bright yellow flowers. It has small faintly fragrant leaves and very thorny stems. In

this variety the flowers are
of medium size, semi-
double, rich golden yel-
low, and produced very
freely.

PERSIAN YELLOW—
Similar to above, but
with flowers fuller and of
better form. Bright yel-
low; the most double of
this class. The finest
hardy yellow rose.

MADAM PLANTIER
—Flowers pure white of
medium size; full; some-
what rosy in the bud form
produced in greatest abun-
dance quite early in the
season. The leaves are
small; the bush hardy
and spreading. Fine for
masses, hedges, borders,
cemeteries, etc.

38 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

BLUE RAMBLER ROSE—Veilchenblau (Violet Blue)—The Blue Rambler is a won-
derful new production. It originated in Germany a little over a year ago and was named
Veilchenblau, which means literally, a violet-blue rose. As it is a true Rambler seedling
from the original Japanese stock, we have named it the BLUE RAMBLER and it will
be so classed among the leading nurserymen. The stock is wonderfully hardy, standing out
without any protection during the coldest freezing weather, and is fully as rapid a grower
as the crimson variety. The color is a rich Violet-blue. Planted beside the Crimson and
White varieties, we have three hardy free flowing ramblers—the red, white and blue, our

National Colors.

" 7s CRIMSON RAMBLER—No-
thing equals this as an all round
hardy garden rose, on account
of its brilliant color, profusion
of bloom and length of time the
flowers last. It may be used as
a climber, or can be grown in
large bush form. It blooms in
large clusters of 50 to 100
flowers in a cluster, covering the
foliage its entire length with a
solid mass of the most beautiful
perfectly shaped miniature crim-
son blossoms. Blooms last of
June and remains in flower
longer than any other hardy
out-door rose. ‘

DOROTHY PERKINS—This
is a splendid new, shell-pink
climbing rose. This new rose
is of the same strong habit of
growth as Crimson Rambler,
and the flowers are borne in
clusters of thirty and forty and
sometimes even fifty to sixty.
The flowers are large for a rose
of this class. Very double,
sweetly scented and fine.

: PINK RAMBLER—A lovely
climbing rose. Flowers light,
DOROTHY PERKINS ROSES delicate pink or blush and
about as large as a twenty-five cent piece. Blooms middle of June in immense clusters.
YELLOW RAMBLER—Bud beautiful bright yellow, opening straw color fading to a
beautiful creamy white. Blooms middle of June. Not so desirable as the crimson.
WHITE RAMBLER—Pure snowy white, flowers are double. Blooms middle of
June. Not very satisfactory.

Ornamental Shrubs

The p.anting o1 ornamental shrubs is very largely on the increase, and this is as it
should be, for with a good selection the lawn can always be beautiful. They are mostly
of medium size, enabling one to plant a great variety on a small plot, and the wonderful
assortment of foliage from the darkest green and purple to light orange and silver tints.
This addition to the great variety in the blossoms, all unite to keep up a never failing inter-
est. We have selected the very best for our climate.

FLOWERING SHRUBS—Variegated or Colored Foliage—Berberry, Golden Elder,
Syringa Variegated, Weigelia.

Shrubs that Flower in May—F lowering Almonds, Honeysuckle, Japan Quince, Lilac,
Snowballs, Spireas, Wisteria.

In June—Clematis, Deutzia, Elder, Honeysuckle, Paeonias, Lilacs, Snowball, Spireas,
Syringia, Weigelia, Wisteria.

In July—Clematis, Spirea, Honeysuckle.

In August and September—Bignonia, Clematis, Honeysuckle, Hydrangea.

ALTHEA, or ROSE OF SHARON—Valuable because they bloom so profusely in
late summer when other flowers are scarce. They form beautiful groups or hedges, their
variety of colors making it possible to use quantities of them even in small grounds.

i]

. Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plans 39

ACACIA ROSE—This is one of the finest old shrubs in cultivation, perfectly hardy and
an absolute blaze of beauty when in bloom.

ALMOND, FLOWERING—Pink and white varieties. These beautiful shrubs are
desirable and scarce. Hardy.

CALYCANTHUS (Carolina Allspice)—A well known native bush bearing very double,
purple fragrant flowers.

DEUTZIA—A very desirable shrub, of strong, hardy growth, bearing an abundance
of beautiful racemes of double, pure white flowers.

ELDER GOLDEN—The leaves are a bright and constant golden color; the flower
cluster pure white. Valuable for contrasts and for massing.

HONEYSUCKLE, UPRIGHT—White and pink flowers which contrast beautifully
with the foliage. Blossoms in June.

HYDRANGEA PANICULATA GRANDIFLORA—These plants are absolutely hardy,
grow in any soil and bloom the same year they are set out. They flower abundantly,

VAN HOUTTEI SPIREA

bearing hundreds of immense panicles of bloom. White turning to rose in autumn. An
annual shortening of branches tends to increase the size of the flowers. Very fine and
valuable for cemetery planting.

LILAC (Common Purple)—Bluish purple flowers, well known.

LILAC (Common White)—Cream white flowers.

LILAC (Persian Purple)—Of more slender growth and finer foliage than the common
lilac. Flowers purple in large loose panicles.

SNOWBALL (Common)—A popular shrub. Makes a large bush. Bears balls of
pure white flowers in June.

SPIREAS—Decidedly the best and hardiest family of shrubs for the Northwest.
Many beautiful varieties of different colors and times of flowering, from May to September.
Of easiest culture; should be planted everywhere.

S. AUREA—Golden leaf Spirea, with white blooms and golden foliage; very showy.

S. BALLARDII—Blooms in beautiful rose colored spikes from early summer till frost.
Hardy and very desirable.

S. VAN HOUTEI—Graceful, with long drooping sprays, thickly studded with hand-

some, pure white flowers; hence its popular name, ‘‘ Bridal Wreath.” The finest Spirea of
them all.

40 Our New !tllustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

CLEMATIS JACKMANNI

S. COLLOSA ROSEA—Flowers
from June to September; of a pretty
dwarfish habit; bloom rose color.

_SYRINGA (Mock Orange)—Beau-
tiful, tall, vigorous, hardy, with pro-
fuse, white orange-like flowers in May.
Very Popular.

TREE CRANBERRY— Resembles
the snowball in wood and foliage. Its
acid fruit is highly esteemed.

WEIGELIA ROSEA—Ilardy, with
profuse rosy, trumpet shaped flowers
in May. The most superb shrub of
the season.

Hardy Climbing Vines

Ornamentals of this class are so
hardy and so beautiful that they de-
serve greater attention than they
receive. No artist can produce pic-
tures equal to the wealth of beauty
displayed by the elegant Wisteria,
the graceful HEfoneysuckle, or the
charming and magnificent Clematis
when in the glory of full bloom and
there is nothing in art that will in any
way compare with the gorgeous hues
of the Ampelopsis after it assumes its
brilliant autumnal tints.

AMPELOPSIS (American Ivy or
Virginia Creeper, also called Wood-
bine)—A very rapid grower, having
beautiful dark green foliage, assumes
rich crimson hues in autumn.

-AMPELOPSIS (Veitchii or Boston Ivy)—Leaves a little smaller and more ivy like
in form than the foregoing. Overlapping each other they form a dense sheet of green.
The plant requires a little protection the first winter until it is established.

BOSTON IVY

BIGNONIA (Scarlet
Trumpet Flower)—A
splendid climber, vigorous
and hardy, with clusters
of large trumpet-shaped
scarlet. flowers in August.

CLEMATIS—tThe dif-
ferent varieties and spe-
cies of Clematis now in
cultivation are of the
highest beauty and utility
They vary greatly in their
foliage and flowers and are
adapted to various uses.

C. COCCINEA — Dis-
tinct from other varieties;
bright coral scarlet flow-
ers. July to October.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 41

C. FLAMMULA—The flowers of this variety are very fragrant; requires a slight pro-
tection in winter; very desirable.

C. JACKMANNI—A very profuse blooming variety with flowers from four to six
inches in diameter, of an intense violet-purple color borne successionally in continuous
masses on the summer shoots. The very best sort for general planting.

C. HENRYII—Fine bloomer; flowers large, of a beautiful creamy white, consisting
generally of from six to eight sepals. June to October.

C. MADAME EDOURD ANDRE—Flowers large, of a beautiful bright velvety red,
very free flowering and continuous bloomer.

C. PANICULATA—A great novelty. One of the most desirable, useful and beautiful
of hardy garden vines, a luxuriant grower, profuse bloomer with fine foliage. Flowers of
medium size, very pretty and fragrant, produced in the greatest profusion in late summer.

HONEYSUCKLE (Monthly Fragrant)—Blooms all summer; very sweet.

HONEYSUCKLE (Hall’s Japan)—A strong, vigorous, evergreen variety with pure
white flowers changing to yellow. Very fragrant; covered with flowers from June to No-
vember. Better have some winter protection.

WISTARIA—A most beautiful climber of rapid growth, producing long, pendulous
clusters of pale blue flowers. When well established makes an enormous growth. It is
very hardy and one of the most superb vines ever introduced.

Hardy Herbaceous Perennials

DAHLIAS—Well known autumn flowering plants, growing from two to five feet high,
and producing a profusion of flowers of the most perfect and beautiful form, varying in
color from the purest white to the darkest maroon.

GLADIOLUS—Of ll our-
summer flowering bulbs gladi-
olus stand at the head of the
most varied and beautiful class.
The flowers are produced in
spikes two feet im height and
upwards; the brilliant scarlet
and crimson of some form a
striking contrast with the deli-
cate shades and penciling of the
lighter colored varieties. By
planting at intervals from May
Ist to middle of June a succes-
sion of flowers can be had from
July to October.

GOLDEN GLOW—We aall
attention to this notable novelty
and offer it as the finest herba-
ceous border plant introduced
for many years. It is of easy
growth and is giving complete
satisfaction. But few plants
can vie with it in attractiveness.
There is no floral novelty before
the public to be compared to it
for effectiveness and worth.

PAEONIAS—Herbacious Pa-
eonias are among the showiest
and most useful of hardy plants,
and are fast becoming popular
with the public. They are all
hardy and admirably adapted to
the climate of our most northern
states, growing well in almost
any location or soil, although GLADIOLUS

42 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

GROUP OF PAEONIES

the flowers will be finer and the colors brighter, if planted in a deep rich loam, well manured.
The flowers are in all shades, from red and lilac to white, with blooms from four to eight
inches in diameter. Many of them are very double and have a delicate and refreshing
fragrance.

YUCCA FILAMENTOSA (Adam’s Needle)—Thread-leaved, creamy white; stem
three to four feet high, covered with bell-shaped flower, on laterals forming a pyramid;
very striking. .

Flowering Bulbs to be Planted in the Fall

CHROCUS—In various colors, single and double.

HYACINTHS—Among the bulbs used for winter flowers, Hyacinth stands foremost
on the list. ‘Two methods are employed in flowering the hyacinth in winter, one in glasses
filled with water, the other in pots or boxes of soil.

JONQUILS—Pretty varieties of the Narcissus, have a very agreeable fragrance;
adapted to either pots or out-door culture. The bulbs being small six or eight may be put
in a six-inch pot.

LILLIES—The lillies are entirely hardy with few exceptions. Quite fragrant and most
of the varieties are very beautiful.

LILIUM AURATUM—Gold banded lily of Japan.

L. CANDIDUM—Common white.

L. HARRISII (Bermuda Easter Lily)—Pure white trumpet shaped flowers, very
fragrant. The finest lily grown.

L. LANCIFOLUM ROSEUM (Rose Spotted).

L. LANCIFOLIUM RUBRUM (Red Spotted).

L. TIGRINUM (Double Tiger Lily)—Bright orange scarlet with dark spots.

LILY OF THE VALLEY—This lily is as hardy as any plant can possibly be, and when
planted in open ground will increase pretty rapidly.

TULIPS—Owing to the late spring frosts, bedding plants cannot safely be planted
before the early spring flowering bulbs are through blooming. They thrive well in almost
any soil, Should be planted during October and November.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 43

Hedge Plants

BERBERRY (Purple Leaf)—An interesting 4nd beautiful variety with violet purple
leaves and red fruit.

JAPAN QUINCE—Unquestionably a fine plant for an ornamental hedge. Grows
very compact; will submit to any amount of pruning, while the brilliant and showy scarlet
flowers make it exceedingly attractive.

PRIVET (Amoor River or Russian)—This is the most beautiful hedge plant grown.
It has a luxuriant glossy leafage and thick clusters of fragrant white flowers. Hardy,
free-growing, of dense neat habit; attractive all the year, in berry, leaf, or flower. Makesa
beautiful specimen plant, a fine screen, group or hedge.

PRIVET~ (California)—One of the finest for hedges where it does not winterkill-
The foliage is large
and glossy, and is
almost evergreen.
While we can fur-
nish the California
Privet for hedging
purposes, we do not
recommend it as
being absolutely
hardy north of the
41st parallel of lati-
tude.

OSAGE OR-
ANGE—One of the
very best for de-
fensive hedges
where it can be
grown without win-
ter killing. It is
of vigorous habit,
and rapid, dense
growth, and when
kept properly
trimmed it not only
makes an effective
hedge, but it is de-
cidedly ornamental PRIVET HEDGE

Hardy Ornamental Trees

The stock of ornamental trees that we offer will be found to comprise a sufficient num-
ber of kinds that are really valuable, so that our customers may, from the list offered,
secure such a variety as will give full satisfaction. Windbreaks of trees, more especially
if they are evergreens, besides being ornamental make the dwellings warmer, diminishing
to an extent the consumption of fuel. They also make the outbuildings warmer for stock
by ee and the yard by day imparting comfort to the animals and saving a large amount
of food.

A List of Trees Recommended for Various Purposes

For Streets, Roads and Wide Avenues—American Elm, Sugar and Silver
Maple, Carolina Poplar.

For Driveways through Lawns and Parks—Norway Maple, Tulip Tree, Catalpa,
American Linden.

Single Specimens of Large Growth to be Branched from the Ground—Birches, partic-
ularly Cut-Leaf Weeping; Austrian and Scotch Pines, Norway and Colorado Spruces,
Balsam Fir.

Single Specimens of Medium Growth to be Branched from the Ground—Prunus Pis-
ardii, Hemlocks, White Pine, Arbor Vitae.

Strong Growing Trees of Pyramidal Habit—Carolina Poplar, Balsam Fir, Pyramidalis
Arbor Vitae.

44 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

Trees that Thrive in Moist Locations—American Elm, American Linden, Ash, Catal-
pas, Poplars and Willows.

Trees that Thrive on Dry Knolls or Poor Soils—Silver Leaf Maples and Poplars.

Best Trees for Windbreaks—Norway and White Spruces, Scotch and White Pine,
Carolina Poplars and Silver Maples.

Flowering Trees—Judas Tree, Fringe Tree, White and Purple Lindens, Horse Chest-
nut, Catalpas.

Cut-Leaved Trees—Cut-leaf Weeping Birch, Weirs Cut-leaf Maple.

Purple and Scarlet-Leaved Trees—Purple-Leaf Beech, Plum, Purple Norway Maple.

ASH, WHITE—Rapid growing tree, of fine, symmetrical outline. A valuable street
or park tree and should be extensively planted.

BIRCH, WHITE—A beautiful native tree, particular in the northern part of the country.
Its shining white bark and slender dark brown branches make it a conspicuous and very
attractive object. Foliage large and handsome.

BOX-ELDER—A fine, rapid growing tree, with handsome, light green pinated foliage
and spreading head; very hardy.

CATALPA—A native of the South. A rapid growing, beautiful tree, with very large
heart-shaped leaves and pyramidal clusters of white and purple flowers a foot long. Blooms
late in July.

CHESTNUT, AMERICAN or SWEET—Well known beautiful tree, valuable for fruit
and timber. Should be planted only in thin, dry soils.

CHESTNUT, HORSE—Common or white, flowering. A very beautiful, well known
tree, with round, dense head, dark green foliage, and an abundance of showy flowers in early
spring.

ELM, AMERICAN WHITE—The noble, spreading, drooping tree of our woods. One
of the grandest of park or shade trees.

FRINGE, PURPLE—Very
conspicuous in mid-summer
when veiled with a thick mist
of dusty purple flowers, so light
as to simulate wreaths of smoke.

This is sometimes called ‘“‘SSmoke
recs:

FRINGE, WHITE—A beauti-
ful little tree, with large, soft,
heavy leaves, almost hidden in
spring time by clouds of delicate,
fragrant white flowers of a droop
ing, fringe-like character.

LINDEN (American or Lime)
A rapid growing, large, beautiful
native tree. Flowers very frag-
rant.

MAPLE (Silver Leaved)—
Leaves white underneath; of
rapid growth; very ornamental
and one of the best street trees
we have.

NORWAY MAPLE—Of
spreading, rounded form; foliage
large, dark green; a rich and
majestic shade tree.

SUGAR MAPLE—A beau-
tiful, stately tree of fine form;
AMERICAN ELM a desirable shade tree. Slow
grower.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 45

MAIDEN HAIR or GINKO TREE—One of the most beautiful, Jawn trees, beauti-
ful rich, glossy, fern-like foliage. Rapid growth. A tall upright grower.

CRAB (Bechtel’s Double Flowering)—This blooms in early spring exhaling a most
delightful fragrance from its masses of double delicate pink flowers.

ELEGANUS (‘‘Russian Wild Olive’’)—A very hardy and quite a rapid growing tree
with a silvery foliage; very striking in appearance. Its ability to endure extreme cold and
drouth makes it desirable for ornamental lawns and for hedges.

MOUNTAIN ASH—Very hardy and handsome with fine clusters of scarlet berries
hanging on the trees in the winter; a beautiful tree for the lawn.

CAROLINA POPLAR—Takes
front rank among best of poplars;
it is one of the most rapid growers
among shade trees. Its branches
spread just enough to give it a
symmetrical appearance. It has
advantages over other shade trees
because it will grow on any kind of
soil, swampy or muck, light or
heavy. Its roots penetrate the
hardest soil, it withstands all hard-
ships and thrives in places where
others fail to live. It is easily
started and gives shade in a short
time. Its leaves are large and stay
green till quite late in the fall.

PLUM (Prunus Pissardii)—
Purple leaved. One of the most
beautiful purple leaved trees or
shrubs. The leaves and shoots are
of a rich, peculiarly vived dark
purple, holding the color well
through the entire season. It also
produces small, white, single flow-
ers in great profusion in May, fol-
lowed by black fruit of ornamental
appearance. Winter pruning gives
stronger shoots and darger leaves.

WALNUT, BLACK—Valuable
for nuts and timber. It ishardy
and succeeds best on a rich, deep,
moist soil. Too well known for
long description. CAROLINA POPLAR

Weeping Ornamental Trees

BIRCH (Cut-Leaf Weeping)—Erect, stately, rapid growing tree, with long, slender,
pendant branches, delicately cut leaves and silvery white trunk; especially fine when near
evergreens; hardy; the most elegant weeping tree on the list.

ELM CAMPERDOWN, WEEPING—A vigorous grower; leaves large, dark green
a glossy, covering the tree with a luxuriant mass of verdure; very desirable as an ornamen-
tal.

MOUNTAIN ASH (European Weeping)—A strong grower; remarkably pendant;
perfectly hardy; succeeds admirably on prairie soil.

&

46 : Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog of

TEAS’ WEEPING MULBERRY—Forms a perfect umbrella shaped head, with long
slender branches drooping to the ground, paralleled to the stem; very hardy; one of the pretti-
est small weeping trees.

CAMPERDOWN WEEPING ELM

WILLOW (Kilmarnock Weeping)—One of the very finest
weepers, but: the stock upon which it is usually budded is not
perfectly hardy in exposed situations.

Evergreens

In handling and planting evergreens never allow
the roots to become dry for an instant. Their juices are
resinous, and when once dry, water has no power to restore
them; dip the roots in “grout” or very thin mud, and plant quickly; cover the roots with
fresh soil and with a heavy piece of wood beat the earth solid over them. Fill up and pound
again, and finish by bringing fresh loose earth about the tree with a hoe. No wind can
now bend the trees about so as to break the tender rootlets as fast as formed. If trees are
planted when soil is very wet, the pounding must be omitted until in working order to pre-
vent baking; planted in this way and thoroughly cultivated with plow and hoe every week,
evergreens seldom fall to give abundant satisfaction. A heavy mulch July 1st and they
are all right for the season.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Roses and Plants 47

For wind-breaks a single row of pines or spruces, eight feet apart, or a double row ten
feet each, the two rows breaking joints, will, in a few years, become a living wall.

Use Scotch Pine, White Spruce, Norway Spruce, and White Pine for high screens, and
Arbor Vitae or Red Cedar for low ones.

ARBOR VITAE (American)—
This plant is, all things considered,
the finest evergreen for hedges. It
is very hardy and easily transplant-
ed, few plants failing if properly
handled. It grows rapidly and
with little care, or rather by easy
management, it soon forms a most
beautiful hedge, very dense and
perfectly impervious to the sight.
It is never planted to turn stock,
but it forms a most desirable and
ornamental screen to divide the
lawn from other grounds.

ARBOR VITAE (Pyramidalis)—
A superb, new and hardy sort, of
very compact habit; much better
than the Irish Juniper, and grows ARBOR VITAE—AMERICAN
in a perfect column.

Largely planted in cemeteries, owing to the small amount of space it occupies. This
is perhaps the most valuable Arbor Vitae in cultivation.

BALSAM FIR—A handsome, compact, erect, pointed tree, with short, soft leaves,
which are dark green above, silvery beneath; a good grower.

HEMLOCK—An elegant pyramidal tree, with drooping branches and delicate dark
foliage, like that of the Yew; distinct from all other trees. It is a beautiful lawn tree and
makes a highly ornamental hedge.

PINE, AUSTRIAN or BLACK—A remarkably robust, hardy, spreading tree; leaves
long, stiff, dark green; growth rapid; valuable for this country.

PINE, SCOTCH—Is one of the most rapid growers while young, one of the best for
shelter planting in the West. It will make the best windbreak in the least time of any; it
is a very valuable species.

PINE, WHITE—One of the best evergreens. The foliage is a warm, light green, often
with a bluish tinge. The leaves, in fives, are three or four inches long, soft and delicately
fragrant. It does not grow as rapidly the first few years as some, but after being planted
eight or ten years it is the most rapid grower of all our evergreens.

SPRUCE, COLORADO BLUE—This species has been tested at various points on the
prairies of the West and Northwest with perfect success, and during a temperature of 30
degrees below zero, in exposed situations, entirely uninjured. One of the hardiest ever-
greens and the most beautiful in color and outline. ‘‘This is the king of spruces, clothed
in royal robes of silver and sapphire, a very Kohinnor among the gems of the Rockies.’’

SPRUCE, NORWAY—A lofty, elegant tree of perfect pyramidal habit, exceedingly
picturesque and beautiful. One of the best evergrrens for windbreaks.

SPRUCE, WHITE—A tall tree with compact branches and light green foliage. Very
handsome.

48 Our New Illustrated and Descriptive Catalog

WHEN TO SPRAY.

APPLE TREES—For prevention of leaf blight, spraying with Bordeaux mixture or
Ammoniacal Carbonate of Copper as soon as the leaves are full grown. To destroy aphis
or plant lice, spray with kerosene emulsion as soon as the pests appear. To destroy the
codlin moth, canker worm and curcuilo, spray with paris green or London purple, 144 pound
in forty or fifty gallons of water, soon after the blossoms fall, and again two weeks later.
To destroy web worm spray with London purple or kerosene emulsion from August Ist to
10th or as soon as pests appear. This application should be made during the middle of the
day, when the worms are out of their webs and feeding on the leaves.

CHERRIES—Treatment same as recommended for the apple.

PEARS—The pear slug can easily be destroyed by spraying with paris green, four
ounces to fifty gallons of water, or with kerosene emulsion, as soon as the slug begins opera-
tion. Pear and quince blight can be destroyed by spraying with Bordeaux mixture. The
codlin moth and curculio should be treated same as recommended for apple trees.

PLUMS—Destroy the aphis with kerosene emulsion and a fine spray nozzle. The
curculio can be destroyed by spraying with 3 ounces Paris green to forty gallons of water.
First application should be made as soon as blossoms have fallen, and repeated at intervals
of a week or ten days. Four applications should be sufficient. Other enemies of the plum
will be destroyed by this method, but in all cases be particular to keep the poison and water
constantly stirred.

PEACHES—TIf attacked by the black peach aphis, spray with kerosene emulsion. The
plum curculio frequently attacks the peach in which case spray with paris green, 2 oz. to
50 gallons of water; be sure to keep it well stirred and use with caution. Never use London
Purple on peach trees.

FOR GRAPE ROT AND MILDEW —Use Bordeaux Mixture.

CURRANTS AND GOOSEBERRIES—To destroy the worms, spray with powdered
Hellebore, one ounce in three gallons of water, as soon as the worms appear. To destroy
the yellow aphis, spray with kerosene emulsion early in the season. To prevent mildew
use one-half ounce potassium sulphide to one gallon of water.

FORMULAS.

KEROSENE EMULSION—In making kerosene emulsion for spraying trees for lice,
be sure and follow the correct method. Dissolve in two quarts of water, one quart of soft
soap or one-fourth pound of hard soap by heating to the boiling point, then add one pint
of kerosene oil and stir violently for from three to five minutes. This may be done by using
a common force pump and putting the end of the hose back into the mixture again. This
mixes the oil permanently, so that it will never separate, and it may be diluted easily at
pleasure. This mixture should be diluted to twice its bulk with water or about fourteen
times as much water as kerosene. The kerosene emulsion is successful in destroying cattle
lice and sheep ticks, as well as all varieties of plant lice.

BORDEAUX MIXTURE—Six pounds of sulphate of copper are dissolved in six gal-
lons of water. In another vessel four pounds of fresh lime are slacked in six gallons of
water, after the latter solution has cooled, slowly turn it into the other solution and add
ten gallons of water. This, when all is thoroughly mixed and strained is ready for use.
In straining this mixture, reject all of the lime sediment using only the clear liquid. Strain
the white-wash through a coarse gunny sack stretched over the head of a barrel.

COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTION—Copper sulphate, 1 pound; water, 15 gallons.
.Dissolve the copper sulphate in the water, when it is ready for use. This should never be
applied to foliage, but must be used before the buds break. For peaches and nectarines
use 25 gallons of water. Use for fungous diseases.

FORMULAS

PARIS GREEN. Paris green, 1 pound; water, 200 gallons. If this mixture is to be
used upon peach trees, 1 pound of quicklime should be added. Repeated applications
will injure most foliage, unless lime is added. Paris green and Bordeaux mixture can be
applied together with perfect safety. Use at the rate of 4 ounces of the arsenites to 50
gallons of the mixture. The action of neither is weakened, and the Paris green loses all
caustic properties. Use for insects which chew.

HELLFBORE. Fresh white hellebore, 1 ounce; water, 3 gallons. Apply when
thoroughly mixed. This poison is not so energetic as the arsenites, and may be used a
short time before the sprayed portions mature. Use for insects which chew. Can also
be used dry by dusting on plants.

LONDON PURPLE. This is used in the same proportion as Paris green, but as it
is more caustic it should be applied with two or three times its weight of lime, or with Bor-
deaux mixture. The composition of London purple is exceedingly variable, and unless
good reasons exist for supposing that it contains as much arsenic as Paris green, use the
latter poison. Do not use London purple on peach or plum trees unless considerable lime
isadded. Use for insects which chew.

LIME, SULPHUR AND SALT. Stone lime, 15 to 30 pounds; flowers of sulphur,
15 pounds; salt, 15 pounds; water, 50 gallons. Slake the lime in a small quantity of hot
water, gradually adding and thoroughly stirring in the sulphur. Dilute the mixture with
twelve gallons of water and boil in an iron kettle or cook by steam in a covered tank or
barrel for one and one-half hours. Then add salt, continuing the boiling for one-half
hour more. Fill vessel up with water to the required fifty gallons. Strain wash through
a fine mesh strainer and apply hot. In using an iron kettle, keep the mixture vigorcusly
boiling and thoroughly stirred to prevent caking and burning of materials. Wash cooked
by steam is more easily prepared and better made. Apply wash just as the buds begin
to swell in the spring. Cover all parts of the tree with a heavy coat of the wash. The
wash seems best adapted to orchardists who have not yet learned to use petroleum with
safety or are afraid that their trees are beginning to show injury from the oil or will not
stand many more applications of it. It is especially recommended for the treatment of
peach trees. It is believed that the substitution of one and one-fourth pounds of blue
vitriol dissolved in hot water for the salt results in quicker-acting wash. This formula
is known as the Oregon Wash. Use for scale and fungous Ciseases.

Any of the Agricultural Experiment Stations will furnish bulletins so arranged chat
the grower may see at a glance what to apply, when and how to make the applications,

A BIT OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING

STAR ENGRAVING & PRINTING co.

HORTICULTURAL PRINTERS

IOWA

DES MOINES,