Skip to main content

Full text of "Descriptive and illustrated catalogue of fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, plants"

See other formats 


Historic, Archive Document 


Do not assume content reflects current 
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. 


—_ pa 


“i * 


r 


» 


“ 
f 


) 
ae 
pe 
rd 


ams. 


Rasy Ce 


SEIT OTT ETO NOTE TT NER 


DESCRIPTIVE AND ILLUSTRATED 
CATALOGUE», OF 


* Fruit and Ornamental 
«| Trees, Shrubs, Plants 


Toe 


pt eS 
ae 
Yan 


YY Beas 
AO 38 


¢ 


are NG 
é wir J 


&RwX 
ta 
WN 


jercrs z bee ) fuss 
we ha oles 


WICKSON PLUM. See page 14. 


See 
ETF Ped 


o. 


Established 1871 


ee YSO "13 Si Ko lesale MNuors & yes 


—— 
£38 


WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN 


Suceessine to LEWIS WILLIAMS 


& 


ae. 


ays 
ge goes 


Wholesale Nurserymen ee Parsons, Kansas 


® 
RI IL TRS ON ae 0 I ROR OTN LR 


SPRAYING. 


We give the following brief directions as to how and when to spray. More com- 
plete directions can be obtained by consulting standard works on horticulture. 


Experience has demonstrated the fact that spraying, properly done at the proper 
time, for protection against destructive insects, rot, fungus and blight, is the best if 
not the only sure remedy against these enemies of the horticulturist. That it has 
succeeded and will succeed is evidenced by the rapidly increasing interest manifested 
‘in the manufacture, sale and use of spraying machines, and the good results ob- 
tained by those who have practiced this mode of protection. 


WHEN TO SPRAY. 


Apple Trees. [or prevention of leaf blight, spray with Bordeaux mixture or 
ammoniacal carbonate of copper as soon as the leaves are full grown. To de: troy 
aphis or plant lice, spray with kerosene emulsion as soon as the pests appear. To 
destroy the codlin-moth, canker worm and curculio, spray with Paris green or |Lon- 
don purple, 4% pound in 40 or 50 gallons of water, soon after the blossoms fall, and 
again two weeks later. To destroy the web worm, spray with London purple or 
kerosene emulsion from August I to Io, Or as soon as pests appear. This applica- 
tion should be made during the middle of the day, when the worms are out of th: ir 
webs and feeding on the leaves. 


Cherries. Treatment same as recommended for the apple. 

Pears. The pear slug can easily be destroyed by spraying with Paris green, 4 
ounces to 50 gallons of water, or with kerosene emulsion, as soon as the slug begins 
operations. Pear and quince blight can be destroyed by spraying with Bordeaux mix- 


ture. The codlin-moth and curculio should be treated same as recommended for 
apple trees 


Plums. Destroy the aphis with kerosene emulsion and a fine spray nozzle. The 
curculio. can be destroyed by spraying with 3 oz. Paris green to 4o gallons of water. 
First application should be made as soonas blossoms have fallen, and repeated at 
intervals of a week or ten days. Four applications should be sufficient. Other 
enemies of the plum will be destroyed by this method, but in all cases be particular 
to keep the poison and water constantly stirred. 


Peaches. If attacked by the black peach aphis, spray with kerosene emulsion. 
The plum curculio frequently attacks the peach, in which case spray with Paris green, 
2 ounces to 50 gallons of water ; be sure to keep it well stirred, and use with caution. 
Never use London purple on peach trees. 


For Grape rot and mildew, use Bordeaux mixture. 


Currants and Gooseberries. To destroy the worms, spray with powdered 
white hellebore, 1 ounce in 3 gallons of water, as soon as the worms appear. To 
destroy the yellow aphis, spray with kerosene emulsion early in the season. To 
prevent mildew, use % ounce potassium sulphide to 1 gallon of water. 


FORMULAS. 


Kerosene Emulsion. In making kerosene emulsion for spraying trees for lice, 
be sure and follow-the correct method: Dissolve in 2 quarts of water 1 quart of soft 
soap or &% pound of hard soap, by heiting to the boiling point. Then add 1 pint of 
kerosene oil and stir violently for from 3 to 5 minutes. This may be done by using a 
commoi force pump and putting the end of the hose back into the mixture again. 
This mixes the oil permanently, so that it will never separate, and it may be diluted 
easily at pleasure. This mixture should be diluted to twice its bulk with water or 
about 14 times as much water as kerosene. The kerosene emulsion is successful in 
destroying cattle lice and sheep ticks, as well as all varieties of plant lice. 


Bordeaux Mixture. Six pounds of sulphate of copper are dissolved in 6 gal 
lons of water. In another vessel 4 pounds of fresh lime are slaked in 6 gallons of 
water. After the latter solution has cooled, slowly turn it into the other solution and 
add ro gallons of water. This, when all is thoroughly mixed and strained, is ready 
for use. In strainiay this mixture, reject all of the lime sed: nent, using only the clear 
liquid. Strain the whitewash through a coarse gunny sack stretched over the head of 
a barrel: 


oO | 
ae 


WV 


AVING always pursued the 


telat tat tol at st be ist Ot ata principle of giving plain 


descriptions, true to nature, 
and furnishing the very best of everything named, making every item sent out a 
living advertisement of upright methods, our business has continued to rapidly 
expand. For all this splendid patronage we are profoundly thankful to our patrons, 
and have prepared ourselves better than ever to as carefully serve the increased 
patronage that we hope to receive the approaching season. 


The following careful descriptions are of far more value in making suc- 
cessful selections than the grandest set of pictures would be. Therefore, study the 
descriptions, and preserve this Catalogue, for it will be found a most valuable horti- 
cultural work of reference. Our methods of propagation are those pursued by the 
largest and most successful planters of commercial orchards. 


In some eases, varieties heretofore included in our Catalogue are omitted. 
Some of these are dropped, as others included, of the same season, are better, and 
of some we have no stock to offer this year; such may be inserted when we again 
have stock of them. Please do not order varieties not named in this Catalogue. 

While we have a reputation for making a specialty of trees, we have 
by no means neglected other departments or classes of fruits in our line of business. 
All have had the same vigilant care in testing, selecting and propagation, so that we 
will be found up with the times in all things. 

Planting for Market Purposes.—We have long made a specialty of supply- 
ing those who plant largely for market, and have given splendid satisfaction, as 
many large orchards, vineyards, and small-fruit plantations in all parts of the country 
attest. To such parties we will make very low prices, on specified lists made out 
from this Catalogue. 

TELEPHONE CONNECTION, Loeal and Long-Distance.—We are in con- 
nection with the Southwestern Telephone Company, whereby our patrons can com- 
municate directly with our office, and thus save time. Telephone orders attended 
to promptly. ’Phone 234. 

Address, 


WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, 


Parsons, Kansas. 


2 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


OUR REPSONSIBILITY. 


We use every precaution to have all the stock true to name and labeled with 
the true name, and it is hereby distinctly agreed between us and our customers that 
where our goods fail by any reason to come up to specifications, we are only to be 
held liable to replace the goods or to refund the money originally paid for 
the same. 

Dealers purchasing from us, whose orders we fill with all due care, sell upon 
their own responsibility. We also disclaim liability for losses arising from defective 
planting or subsequent faulty cultivation and treatment. A continuation by the pur- 
chaser of the careful handling and earnest effort given the stock up to the time of its 
leaving our hands will ordinarily leave no room for losses or complaints. We cheer- 
fully correct errors, and where losses do occur after due care, deal liberally in 
refilling. 

Thousands of bearing orchards and pleased customers throughout the country, 
and our reputation gained in long years of business experience, are our guaranties to 
customers for genuineness and high quality of stock and honorable dealing. 


TERMS, ETC. 


Substitution. We will fill all orders as near as possible as requested, but when, 
as is sometimes the case, we run out of particular varieties, we will, unless otherwise 
directed, fill the order as given as far as we can, and substitute good varieties for 
those we cannot supply. 

Our customers will please designate the route over which they prefer their goods 
shipped. We will deliver our goods to the forwarders in good order, after which 
our responsibility ceases, and the purchaser must look to the forwarding companies. 

Please notify us at once in case of any shortage or errors in filling orders, that 
we may make proper amends. We are anxious to give all our customers the full 
worth of their money and to retain to the fullest extent their confidence. ; 

Warranty. We will warrant our stock true to name to the extent that we will 
refund the money paid or replace free of charge any stock sent out not true to name, 
but in no case could we make a warranty that would go farther. We shall at all 
times use every care to have everything sent exactly as represented. 

The packing season with us usually begins from March 1 to 15, and continues 
from April 15 to May r in the spring; in the fall ‘from about October 10 to Decem- 
ber 1, and sometimes favorable weather continues till Christmas. ; 

In this Catalogue we make no pretence to giving the largest assortment, but we 
have tried to select a list of varieties that will, when planted and cultivated to fruit- 
age, give good returns for the investment made. 

We have been slow to recommend novelties, believing our customers would in 
the end be better satisfied with the good returns that can be realized from the plant- 
ing and careful cultivation of known reliable kinds. There are numerous candidates 
for favor offered to the planter every year, but the list of kinds our best horticulturists 
consider thoroughly reliable is not rapidly increasing. Would we, then, advise our 
customers to plant no new fruits? Hardly; and yet if you plant to raise fruit, the 
most certain way is to plant well tested, successful kinds. If you plant new fruits, 
plant no more than you are willing to risk in an experiment. 


CARE OF TREES WHEN RECEIVED. 


Our soil being of a character best suited to produce the healthiest conditions of 
growth—that solid, firm texture of the wood, with abundant fibrous roots, so neces- 
sary to successful transplanting—we are enabled to offer the products of our Nur- 
series with entire confidence to planters in all sections of the country. 

We give to our packing and shipping careful personal supervision, and to still 
further protect our patrons as well as ourselves against loss in this direction, we 
employ the most skilled and competent hands to assist us. 

PLANT YOUNG TREES.—We cannot too strongly recommend to our customers 
the procuring of young trees, especially for orchard planting, instead of selecting 
the largest that can be had, to secure a more immediate effect. Young trees cost less 


4 ee 


‘pe ee oe 


3 
{ 


HINTS ON TREE PLANTING 3 


at the nursery, also in freight, handling and planting; they can be taken up with 
more perfect roots, and will become sooner established in a new location. They can 
also be more readily trained to any desired shape. The largest and most successful 
planters invariably select young, thrifty trees. 


PREPARATION FOR PLANTING. Plow and subsoil repeatedly, so as to thor- 
oughly pulverize to a depth of 12 to 18 inches. When planting upon the lawn or grass 
plots, remove the sod for a diameter of 4 or 5 feet, and keep this space well worked 
and free from weeds. Dig the hole deeper and larger than is necessary, to admit all 
the roots in their natural position, keeping the surface and subsoil separate. Cut off 
broken and bruised roots, and shorten the tops to half a dozen good buds, except for 
fall planting, when it is better to defer top pruning until the fullowing spring. If not 
prepared to plant when your stock arrives, ‘‘heel-in’’ by digging a trench deep 
enough to admit all the roots and setting the trees therein as thick as they can stand, 
carefully packing the earth about the roots. Never leave the roots exposed to the 
sun and air, and ‘‘puddle”’ before planting. 

PLANTING. Fill up the hole with surface soil, so that the tree will stand about 
as it did when in the nursery, after the earth has settled, except for dwarf pears, which 
should be planted deep enough to cover 2 or 3 inches of the quince stock upon which 
they are budded. Work the soil thoroughly among the roots, and when well covered 
tramp firmly. Set the tree firm as a post, but leave the surface filling (of poorer soil) 
light and loose. No staking will be required except with very tall trees. Never let 
manure come in contact with the roots. At the outset, however, we would impress 
upon all in the strongest manner the necessity of thorough preparation of the soil, 
natural or artificial drainage, and careful cultivation, as indispensable. 


MULCHING. We believe that frequent stirring of the ground to a depth of 2 or 3 
inches, say once every week, is the best mulch. 


DAMAGED TREES. If stock is frozen when received, place the package in a cellar 
and entirely bury in sand until frost is removed. If dried from long exposure, bury in 
the ground until the shrivelléd look disappears. 


HOW TO WINTER TREES PROCURED IN FALL. 


The practice of procuring supplies of trees in the fall is becoming more and more 
general as each season demonstrates its wisdom. It is a more favorable time than 
spring, because of the colder weather and the lighter pressure of business with nur- 
serymen, the freighting companies and the planter. Even when fall planting is not 
desirable by reason of the severity of the climate, or from other cause, the stock may 
be procured in the fall, and thus be on hand ready for the opportune moment in 
spring. To insure success, you have only to get your trees before freezing weather, 
and bury them in the following manner: Choose a dry spot, where no water will 
stand during the winter, and with no grass near to invite mice. Dig a trench, throw- 
ing out dirt enough to put a layer of roots well below the surface, and place the trees 
in it, inclined to an angle of 45 degrees or more. Widen the trench, throwing the soil 
on the roots and well up on the bodies of the trees now in position, then pack the 
earth closely and firmly around every root. This work cannot be too well done. 
Place another layer in the trench, leaning the tops on the others, and so on until all 
are in the trench; then finish by throwing up more soil until the tops of the trees are 
nearly or quite covered. It is also well to bank up the earth around the sides to 
insure more thorough protection. Care should be taken to fill solid all the interstices 
among the roots, and to pack the earth closely about the roots in the trenches. 
When the work is done, the tops should be well covered with waste hay or straw, to 
protect them from drying winds. If at the time of heeling-in the ground does not 
Bars sufficient moisture, water should be applied to prevent injury from severe 

rying. 


SSF HEN Ail 
1 Se MS he 
FENG Wi 


a. 
GlLO9y 
\ QS 
Oe) EYP or SYD | ie} 
a c (AX CK ———_ Yj va JW ~ ; 
Aa a5 WS GS ORY. 
Y )) yD. "S SS ey a) 4 cs JZ yyy 


+ WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


FRUIT THES 


APPLES. 


The first fruit, both in importance and general culture, is the Apple. Its period, 
unlike that of other fruits, extends nearly or quite through the year. By planting 
judicious selections of summer, autumn and winter sorts, a constant succession can 
be easily obtained. To encourage those who are hesitating as regards the profits 
obtained from the growing of Apples for the market, a statement from Messrs. Well- 
house & Son, Fairmont, Leavenworth county, Kansas, dated July 13, 1892, is here 
given as follows: 


‘“Gentlemen—Yours of July 9 is at hand, and in reply we have to say that our bearing 
orchards were planted in 1876, 1878 and 1879, and cover 437 acres. They began bearing in 
188), and, up to this time, in 12 crops we have gathered and sold 300,565 bushels. After pay- 
ing for gathering, packing and marketing, these crops have netted us a little over $82,000 ”’ 


Now this indicates what perseverance and determination will do, and to show the 
confidence that these mammoth fruit-growers have in this lucrative business, they fur- 
ther add: ‘‘We have planted 800 acres in the last three years, and will plant 300 acres 
a year from next spring.’’ Observe that the net profit in 12 years was a little over 
$82,000, and this profit began only four years after the first planting. 


SUMMER APPLES. 


Benoni. Medium, roundish; pale yellow, shaded with crimson; juicy, tender, 
subacid. August. 


Carolina Red June. Tree a moderate, upright grower; an early and abundant 
bearer. Fruit small to medium, oblong, surface smooth; color dark red, with white 
ground; flesh white, very tender, fine-grained, juicy, acid. Good for table and mar- 
ket. June and July. 


Cooper’s Early. Size medium; pale yellow, with faint blush on sunny side ; 
flesh white, crisp, sprightly, mild acid; a good cooking variety. Tree hardy, an 
early bearer and heavily productive. 


Duchess of Oldenburg. A Russian Apple, and considered of great value far- 
ther north ; here not often called for. Tree a moderate grower and hardy. Fruit 
medium size, surface smooth, waxen yellow, with stripes and splashes of red; flesh 
white, tender and juicy ; sour, and good for cooking. 


Early Harvest. The most popular summer Apple on our list. Tree healthy, 
vigorous and a good bearer. Fruit medium size, nearly round, somewhat flattened ; 
surface smooth, clear waxy yellow, rarely blushed; flesh tender, juicy, acid to sub- 
acid, flavor good. Quality best for table and kitchen. July. . 

High-Top Sweet (Sweet June). Tree strong, upright, very productive. Fruit 
small to medium, round; greenish yellow; flesh white or greenish white, fine-grained, 
tender. Good for table and kitchen. June and July. 


Red Astrachan. Another Russian Apple that has proved to be very popular 
with planters. Tree vigorous, upright, hardy and productive. Fruit medium_to 
large; surface smooth, marbled and striped on greenish yellow; flavor acid. For 
kitchen and market. 


Summer Queen. Tree vigorous, large, spreading, productive. Fruit medium, 
~ round ; surface yellow, covered with mixed red and scarlet ; flesh firm, yellow ; flavor 
acid, spicy. Quality very good ; for kitchen use. July and August. 


Yellow Transparent. A Russian variety, new and promising inthe north. Tree 
‘hardy and moderately vigorous ; an early and good bearer. Fruit medium to small ; 
skin clear white at first, becoming pale yellow when fully mature, often with a fine, 
clear blush cheek ; flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Early August. 


3 Oi m fy e-p *Le 


SOME SELECT FALL APPLES D 


cara . 
indo? <= 


Mews Blush. 
FALL APPLES. 


Bailey’s Sweet. Tree a moderately vigorous grower, productive; the most 
popular sweet Apple among our customers. Fruit large, round, not always regular; 
surface smooth, mixed and striped deep red; flesh yellow, tender, fine-grained, 
juicy ; flavor sweet, rich; quality good. For kitchen and market. Sept. and Oct. 


Fall Pippin. Tree strong grower, not an early bearer, moderately productive 
when old. Fruit large, globular; surface smooth, rich yellow, sometimes blushed ; 
flesh yellow, very fine-grained, flavor acid, quality best. For dessert, kitchen, mar- 
ket and drying. August to October. 


Fameuse (Snow). Tree hardy, vigorous and productive. A fine, round Apple 
of medium size; surface pale yellow, nearly covered with red, made up of stripes 
and splashes; flesh snowy white, tender, fine-grained, juicy; flavor mild, subacid ; 
quality good to very good. For dessert, kitchen and market. 


Lowell. Tree strong, vigorous grower and good bearer. Fruit large to very 
large, round; surface smooth, waxen, yellow, not blushed, becoming greasy when 
kept indoors ; flesh yellow, fine-grained, juicy; flavor subacid; quality good to very 
good. For table, cooking, drying, market. August and September. 


Maiden’s Blush. As we look over our orders we find this the favorite fall 
Apple. Tree vigorous, upright grower, spreading, very productive. Fruit medium 
to large, flat and very handsome; surface smooth, polished, pale waxen yellow, with 
rich blush; flesh white, fine-grained, juicy; quality good. For cooking, table and 
market. August and September. 


Rambo. Tree strong, upright grower, abundant bearer. Fruit medium to small 
on old trees, round, somewhat flattened at the ends; surface striped and splashed 
with scarlet, on greenish yellow ground; flesh greenish white, tender, juicy; flavor 
subacid. Quality very good for table, excellent for cooking. Sept. to Dec. 

Wealthy. Highly valued for its extreme hardiness at the far north. Tree a 
thrifty grower and good bearer. Fruit medium, roundish; skin smooth, oily, mos 
covered with dark red ; flesh white, fine-grained, juicy, subacid, good. Sept. and O 


6 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


WINTER APPLES. 


Arkansas Black. The tree is a beautiful, vigorous, upright grower, young wood 
very dark. Fruit medium to large; fine flavor; beautiful dark color, almost black ; 
flesh yellowish, slightly subacid, crisp. One of the best for cooking. Jan. to July. 


Ben Davis. More criticised and more planted than any other Apple on the list ; 
scarcely needs description. Everybody plants it for market, and nearly everybody 
for home use. They criticise its poor qualities and then buy more trees, taking care 
that a liberal proportion of each new order is Ben Davis. Tree thrifty, upright 
grower, of almost perfect shape. Fruit large, round, sometimes variable in form ; 
surface smooth, often polished yellow, covered and splashed bright red; flesh white, 
tender, juicy ; flavor subacid, not rich ; quality only good. For market and cooking. 
November to spring. 

Bismarck. Has been tested in Germany, Russia, France, England, Canada, and 
the United States. Is making a wonderful record for high quality, hardiness, and 
especially earliness of fruiting ; 2-year-old trees seldom fail to produce fruit. Said to 
be extremely hardy and productive. Fruit golden yellow, large and handsome ; flesh 
tender, pleasant subacid, of distinct flavor. Fine for dessert and superior for cooking. 
Will keep till March. 


Clayton. Flesh yellow, breaking, subacid. Very good for both kitchen and 
market. January to March. 


Gano. Fruit is bright red on yellow ground, with no stripes; large, oblong, ta- 
pering to the eye ; surface smooth, polished ; dots minute ; basin shallow, sometimes 
deep ; eye large, cavity deep; brown in color; stem medium to long ; core medium, 
seeds large. Tree very healthy, vigorous and hardy, having stood 32 degrees below 
zero without injury; a rapid grower; large and spreading in orchard; fruit-spurs 
numerous; shoots long, smooth, brown, with protuberances on the limbs like Ben 
Davis; an early, annual and prolific bearer. The tree much resembles Ben Davis. 
January to April. | 

Gilpin (Little Red Romanite). Tree very strong grower, with spreading, open 
top. Fruit medium to small, round, flattened at the ends ; surface smooth, deep red; 
flesh greenish yellow, firm, juicy; flavor rich, little if any acid; quality good. For 
cider and table. One of the longest keepers and most productive sorts. Feb. to May. 


Grimes’ Golden. This is one of the most popular Apples m cultivation. Tree 
strong, thrifty grower, with spreading branches. Fruit medium or above, cylindrical ; 
regular surface, vellow-veined, russeted ; flesh yellow, firm, very fine-grained, juicy ; 
flavor subacid ; quality rich. For dessert, cooking and market. 


Huntsman. Tree very upright, thrifty grower, and good bearer. Fruit medium 
or above in size; color a rich yellow when fully ripe; shape round, considerably flat- 
tened at the ends; flesh pale yellow, somewhat coarse, juicy and rich, acid, very 

. good. For table and market. Nov. to March. 


Ingram. Medium size; bright red on yel- 
low ground; slightly conical; quality good. 
_ Tree very healthy and an enormous bearer, scab- 
proof. The coming Apple in the fruit regions of 
Missouri, already it is a general favorite. 


Jonathan. Tree of rather slender growth 
and spreading habit; fruit medium or above in 
_ size, round or oblong; surface very smooth, waxy 
_ yellow, often wholly covered with brilliant red ; 
flesh whitish yellow, tender, very juicy; for des- 
sert and cooking; also one of the most profit- 
able market apples; quality best; a general 
favorite. October and November. 


Lawver. Tree rapid grower; fruit medium 

Jonathan. or above in size ; surface yellow, nearly covered 
(Size much reduced.) with rich, bright red; flavor subacid, good; for 
table and market. November till spring. 


Loy. The original tree commenced bearing at 5 years old, bearing regular 
annual crops thereafter; fruit fully as large as Ben Davis, and resembles Willow 
Twig in form and color; a beautiful red on yellow ground, deepening into a rich 
bronze or russet, with minute black dots; small core, short stem ; sprightly and pleas- 
ant flavor. December and January. 


~ 


GOOD VARIETIES OF WINTER APPLES 


Mammoth Black Twig. 


Mammoth Black Twig. Very large; dark red; vigorous grower. Was taken 
to the New Orleans Exposition, and there named Mammoth Black Twig. Much inter- 
est was taken in the Apple during its exhibition there, and it is now a foremost Apple. 
The Winesap is its ‘‘ parent.’? An improvement on the Winesap in being about one- 
fourth larger ; quality as good, if not better, than Winesap’s. Mammoth Black Twig 
is dark red, almost black. The tree holds its fruit until matured. The original tree, 
over 50 years old, is still vigorous and bearing. The young trees show great vigor, 
come to bearing very young, and are very productive. November to May. 


Mann. One of the newer sorts that promises to become popular. The treeis a 
strong, upright grower; fruit medium to large; roundish oblate; skin deep yellow 
when fully ripe, often with a shade of brownish red; flesh yellowish, half tender, 
juicy, mild, pleasant, subacid, good to very good. An early and annual bearer. 


_ Minkler, Fruit medium ; roundish oblate, slightly conical ; pale greenish yellow, 
striped and splashed with two shades of red; flesh yellowish, compact, moderately 
juicy, mild, pleasant subacid ; tree irregular grower, vigorous. January to April. 


Missouri Pippin. Large, oblong, bright red, with numerous gray dots; very 
handsome and of fair quality ; an early and very abundant bearer, and a very profit- 
able orchard fruit ; vigorous. December to March, 


Rawle’s Jenet (Jeanneton). Tree good grower, not so large as some; fruit me- 
dium, somewhat conical, regular; surface smooth, mixed and striped on yellow and 
green ; flesh vellowish, crisp, fine-grained, juicy; flavor subacid; quality good to 
very good ; for dessert, kitchen, market and cider. November to spring. 

Roman Stem. Tree moderate grower and productive ; fruit medium, globular ; 
surface smooth, yellow, sometimes blushed; flesh yellowish white, fine-grained and 
juicy ; flavor mild subacid, rich ; quality very good; for table use. Oct. to Dec. 


8 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


PRI eens, 


York Inperial. (See opposite page.) 


WINTER APPLES, continued. 


Rome Beauty. Tree thrifty, upright grower ; fruit large to very large, roundish 
oblate, sometimes conical ; surface smooth, pale yellow, striped and mixed with red ; 
flavor subacid, not rich; quality good; desirable market fruit on account of its pro- 
ductiveness and fine appearance. November to January. 


Stark. Tree strong grower, with spreading top, considered valuable as a long 
keeper and good market Apple; fruit large, greenish yellow, shaded and striped with 
red; flesh yellowish, moderately juicy, mild, subacid; quality good to best. Novem- 
ber to spring. 

Yolman Sweet. Tree hardy and strong grower ; fruit medium, nearly round, 
somewhat flattened; surface smooth yellow; flavor sweet, rich; flesh yellow and 
firm ; for baking and dessert. October to December. 


Wolf River. An Apple peculiarly adapted to the west on account of its extreme 
hardiness ; very large and handsome ; flesh whitish, breaking, pleasant, subacid; a 
good bearer. November and December. 


White Winter Pearmain. Tree moderate grower, with spreading top; fruit 
medium, handsome when fair, but sometimes’ scabs badly ; surface smooth, yellow, 
sometimes bronzed; flesh yellow, fine-grained, tender, juicy; flavor mild, subacid, 
very rich ; quality best ; for table, kitchen, market. November to January. 


Willow Twig. Tree good grower, branching and twiggy; good bearer ; fruit 
globular; surface smooth, dull greenish yellow, marbled and striped dull red; flesh 
greenish yellow, juicy; flavor acid; quality only 29d; valuable for market and 
kitchen. November to spring. 


Winesap. An old favorite; one of the best. Tree vigorous, with spreading 
top ; fruit medium, conical ; surface smooth, bright or dark red on yellow ground ; 
flavor rich, acid to subacid; quality nearly best; use for table, market, kitchen, 
cider. Very desirabie on account of its productiveness and general good quality. 


Yellow Bellflower. Tree strong grower, with large, spreading top; generally a 
poor bearer ; fruit large to very large, oblong; surface smooth, light yellow, some- 
times blushed ; flesh yellow, fine-grained, juicy ; flavor acid to subacid, rich ; quality 
best ; for table, kitchen, market. October and November, 


eh es 6 Di ei, AP 


WINTER AND CRAB APPLES— PEARS 9 


York Imperial. Generally known and popular with many of our most experi- 
enced orchardists. Tree moderate grower and productive ; fruit large, lopsided ; 
surface smooth; color mixed bright red on yellow ground; flesh yellowish, tender, 
juicy; flavor mild subacid; quality very good; for market, table, kitchen. Novem- 


ber till spring. 
CRAB APPLES. 


The improvements in the varieties of the Crab Apple have kept pace with the 
other kinds of fruit. A few years ago it was thought fit only for cider, preserves and 
jelly, but there are varieties now that command a good price on the market for des- 
sert purposes ; especially is this the case with the Whitney. Besides being useful, 
these Apples are also very ornamental when in bloom, and when loaded with their 
highly colored fruits. 


Hyslop. Tree a moderate grower, making a beautifully shaped, thrifty tree ; 
bears young ; fruit large, nearly round, flattened at the ends; skin smooth; color 
dark rich red on yellow ground ; flavor very good. One of the most beautiful fruits 
grown. 

Martha. This is one of the most beautiful of Apples. The ground is bright 
yellow, nearly overspread with light bright red. Of good size, and its beautiful bloom 
on a more beautiful fruit makes it an ornamental as 
well as useful tree. 


Quaker Beauty. Tree one of the strongest — 
growers, good bearer; quality good. October to 
January. 

Salome. Flesh whitish yellow, half fine, tender, 
mild, slightly aromatic, very good from January to 
May. Its hardiness, long keeping, good quality, 
uniform size and retention of its flavor, even into 
summer, will no doubt make it valuable for the west 
and northwest. 


Transcendent. A very strong grower, making a 
large, beautiful tree ; an early and abundant bearer, ere 
perhaps the most valuable of this class; fruit large, 
round, skin smooth, color rich yellow, shaded with Og eee 
red ; valuable for preserving and cooking; said to be one of the best for cider. 
August and September. 


Whitney’s No. 20. Tree thrifty, upright grower; fruit large, skin smooth, 
striped and splashed with carmine; flesh firm, juicy, of pleasant flavor. August. 


PEARS. 


Standard Pears should be planted 20 feet apart. They will grow on almost any 
soil, provided the subsoil is not too wet. Whenever this is the case the ground 
should be thoroughly under-drained. In every poor soil a moderate top-dressing of 
manure in the fall will be of advantage. When a tree is assailed by the blight, cut off 
the part affected several inches below all appearance of the disease. 


Dwarf Pears should be planted 12 feet apart. At the time of planting, and every 
spring thereafter, they should be thoroughly pruned, shortening in the current year’s 
growth about one-half, aiming to form a round and well-proportioned head. The 
ground should be well cultivated, and enriched by a top-dressing of manure in the 
autumn, and well mulched in the spring. Pears grown on standards or dwarfs should 
never be allowed to ripen on the tree. Summer and autumn varieties should be 
gathered, about ten days before they are ripe, and winter Pears before frost sets in. 

Gathering Pears. In order to retain the juice and best flavor, summer Pears 
should be gathered at least ten days before they are ripe, and autumn Pears at least 
two weeks before ; winter varieties as soon as the leaves begin to drop. 

Thinning the Fruit. When the trees are heavily laden the fruit should be thinned 
when about one-third grown, else the fruit will be poor and the trees injured. 

The letters ‘‘D.”’ and ‘*S.,’’ used in the descriptions of varieties, indicate favor- 
able growth either as ‘‘Dwarfs’’ or ‘‘Standards,’’ or both. Those designated as 
‘“moderate growers ’’ are usually smaller trees. 


10 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


PEARS, continued. 


Bartlett. S.andD. An old favorite, more generally known and highly es- 
teemed than any other sort. Tree thrifty, upright grower; fruit large, irregular, 
pyramidal; skin thin and smooth, clear yellow, sometimes with faint blush on the 
sunny side; flesh white, fine-grained, buttery, juicy, 
sweet ; quality best. August and September. 


Beurre de Anjou. S.and D. Tree good grower 
and bearer; fruit large, obtusely pyriform, sometimes 
nearly round; skin greenish, sprinkled with russet, 
sometimes shaded with dull crimson ; flesh whitish, melt- 
ing, juicy. September to November. 


Buffum. D. Tree an unusually strong grower; 
fruit small to medium ; skin fair, 
deep yellow and bright red, 
sprinkled with russet dots; flesh 
white, buttery, juicy, sweet, ex- 
cellent flavor. Aug. and Sept. 


Clapp’s Favorite. S. and D. 
A splendid Pear, resembling 
Bartlett, ripening a few 
days earlier; a cross 
between that and Flem- 
ish Beauty. Fruit large ; 
color yellowish green, 
marbled with red in the 
sun; vinous, melting, 
rich. One of the best 
summer Pears. Aug. 


Duchesse d’Angou= 
leme. D. Sometimes 
planted as a standard, 
but an especial favorite 
asadwarf. Tree vigor- 
ous and_ productive; 
fruit of the largest size, 
with an uneven, some- 
what knobby surface ; 
skin dull greenish yel- 
low, a good. deal 
streaked and _ spotted 
with russet ; flesh white, 
buttery and very juicy, 
with a rich, excellent 
flavor. Sept. and Oct. 


Flemish Beauty. 
S. Tree generally pre- 
ferred as a_ standard. 
Fruit large ; skin a little 
rough, pale yellow, 
mostly covered with 
patches of russet, be- 
coming reddish brown 
at maturity on the sunny 
side ; flesh yellowish white, juicy and rich. September. Should be picked before it 
is fully ripe. One of the best. 

Garber’s Hybrid. S. Is kin to and very much like Kieffer, but is larger, of 
better quality, and ripens two or three weeks earlier; is as yellow as an orange. Im- 
mensely productive, bears at 3 vears from the nursery. A valuable market fruit. 

Howell. S.and D. Tree strong, free grower; fruit above medium size; skin 
light waxen yellow, often with a finely shaded cheek ; flesh white, rather coarse, with 
a rich, aromatic flavor. August and September. 

Kieffer. S. Tree one of the strongest growers, with rich, glossy foliage; is not 
recommended as a dwarf, but is highly recommended as less subject to blight than 


Duchesse ad’ Angouleme. 


ee 


. ; a ibarei eZ Sad i 


PEARS FOR ALL SECTIONS AND SEASONS 1 


most others, though not in all cases free from blight. The Kieffer, by its good quali- 
ties of tree and fruit, has pushed its way to the front, and is regarded as one of the 
most valuable kinds. Fruit large, golden yellow, blushed with red; flesh slightly 
coarse, juicy, melting ; valuable for cooking and market. Tree a great bearer. 

Lawrence. S. Tree of moderate growth; early and good bearer; fruit medium 
size, obtuse pyriform ; skin fine, light yellow, very thickly covered with minute brown 
dots ; flesh whitish, somewhat buttery, with rich, aromatic flavor. One of the best 
early winter Pears. October to December. 

Louise Bonne de Jersey. D. Tree especially desirable as a Dwarf; vigorous 
grower, very productive ; fruit medium size, pyriform, somewhat one-sided; skin 
smooth, glossy, pale green in shade but brownish red in the sun; flesh greenish white, 
very juicy, with a rich, excellent flavor. September. 

Seckel. S.and D. Tree a moderate grower, said to be less subject to blight than 
most varieties. Fruit small to medium; regularly formed; skin dull, yellowish 
brown, with lively red cheek; flesh whitish, buttery, very juicy and melting, with a 
peculiarly rich, spicy flavor. A regular and abundant bearer. August to October. 

Wilder Early. S. Size medium; greenish yellow, with a brownish red cheek 
and numerous dots; flesh fine-grained, excellent ; three weeks earlier than Bartlett. 


12 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


SELECT” CHERRIES: 


Cherry culture has been a success when proper attention has been given to the 
selection of varieties and their culture. The hardy, thrifty varietics of the Morello 
type may be freely planted with confidence of profitable results. The Cherry tree 
should be planted in a 
naturally dry soil, or the 
soil should be well drained, 
so water may not remain 
near the roots for any con- 
siderable time. The most 
successful varieties in gen- 
eral cultivation are : 

Black Tartarian. Very 
large; bright purplish 
black ;_ half-tender, juicy, 
very rich, excellent flavor ; 
productive; vigorous. 
June tr. 


Dyehouse. This variety 
partakes both of the Mo- 
rello and Duke wood and 
fruit. A very early and sure 
bearer; ripens a week be- 
fore Early Richmond, is of 
better quality and quite as 
productive. Free. May 
and June. 


Early Richmond, 
Everywhere the most pop- 
ular. Tree strong, thrifty 
grower, making a large, 
symmetrical head; fruit 
medium size; dark red, 
melting, juicy; sprightly 
acid flavor, and especially 
valuable for cooking pur- 
poses; tree an early and 
abundant bearer. Season 
last of May and first of 
June. 

English Morello. Tree 
moderate grower, hardy; 
an early and great bearer ; 
the most valuable of the 

Black Tartarian. late varieties. Fruit large, 

round; skin dark red, be- 

coming nearly black when fully ripe; flesh dark red, tender, juicy, and of a pleasant 
subacid flavor when fully ripe. July. 

Governor Wood. One of the best of all the sweet Cherries. The tree makes 
a fairly healthy growth. The same is true of Black Tartarian, and others. 

Leib. A variety of recent introduction of the Morello class; said to be an un- 
usually promising variety, ripening one week later than Early Richmond. Tree a 
fine, upright grower ; fruit firm and juicy, with pleasant flavor. 

May Duke. One of the best Cherries. Fruit roundish, obtuse, heart-shaped, 
growing in clusters, and when fully ripe of a rich, dark red; flesh reddish, tender and 
melting, very juicy, and when fully ripe of a rich, excellent flavor.‘ May and June tr. 

Montmorency. This is a Cherry of the Early Richmond class, some larger and 
about ro days later; a strong, upright-growing tree and good bearer. Valuable. 

Olivet. Fruit large, globular, a shiny, deep red; ripens early in June, and retains 
its excellence longer than most others. A promising variety of recent introduction. 

Windsor. Origin Canada; fruit large, liver-colored; flesh firm and of fine 
quality ; tree very hardy; a valuable late variety. July. 


iY 


JAPANESE, EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN PLUMS 13 


Abundance Flums, 


PLuMs. 


Diseases and Enemies of the Plum. The prevalence of the disease of the Plum 
commonly known as the ‘‘black knot,’’ which has so much discouraged people in 
the eastern states from giving to the Plum its merited share of attention, has as yet 
done littlke damage west of the Mississippi river, but its appearance should be 
guarded against, and its ravages prevented by keeping the trees in healthy condition, 
which is done by good cultivation, and removing the knot by amputation on its first 
appearance. Nothing is more favorable to the growth cf the black fungus or knot. 
than neglect. But the great enemy of the Plum is the insect known as the curculio, a 
small, dark brown beetle, which punctures the fruit in depositing its eggs, from which 
is hatched the destructive grub that causes the fruit to drop prematurely and rot. 

Two ways of destroying the curculio and saving the crop of fruit are recom- 
mended. (1) Spread a large sheet, prepared for the purpose, under the tree, and 
then jar the tree so as to shake down all fruits that have been stung, as well as all 
the curculios ; destroy both insects and stung fruits. Begin to do this as soon as the 
blossoms fall, and keep it up daily, or at least tri-weekly, until the fruit is half-grown. 
The morning is the best time to do this, when the insect is chilled and stupid. 
(2) The best remedy, and the one generally adopted now, is doubtless the spraying 
of the trees, directions for which are given on the 2nd page of cover of this Cata- 
logue. If those who really desire to grow fine crops of this most delicious fruit will 
try either of these systems, and follow it up rigidly, they will be successful. 


Abundance (Lovett’s). Medium to large; round, with pointed apex; skin 
greenish yellow ground, overlaid with dull purplish carmine; flesh light greenish 
-yellow, juicy and sweet, with a touch of subacid and slight apricot flavor; cling ; 
quality best; pit small; strong growing, upright, very prolific. Abundance ‘has 
been, perhaps, more widely and extensively planted throughout the country than 
any other of the Japanese Plums. It is one of the most popular and profitable early 
sorts in the Plum-growing sections of the north. 


Berckmans. Above medium size, broadly conical ; of a beautiful deep blood- 
red; flesh very sweet, moderately juicy, of excellent quality. Some authorities claim 
it as the best. Very prolific. Ripens first of July. 


Burbank. The best of all the Japan sorts of Plums; nearly globular, clear 
cherry-red, with a thin lilac bloom ; the flesh is a deep yellow color, very sweet, with 
a peculiar and very agreeable flavor. Tree vigorous, with strong, upright shoots, 
large, broad leaves ; begins to bear usually at two years. It blooms late, and conse- 
quently is more likely to escape the late spring frosts. 


_  Damson. Fruit small, oval; skin purple, covered with blue bloom; flesh melt- 
ing and juicy, rather tart; separates partly from’the stone. September. 


German Prune. A large, long, oval variety, much esteemed for drying ; color 
dark purple; of very agreeable flavor. September. 


Hale. New. A very handsome, large, round-cordate Plum, usually lop-sided ; 
orange, thinly overlaid with mottled red, so as to havea yellowish red appearance, 
or in well-colored specimens, deep cherry-red with yellow specks; flesh yellow, soft 
and juicy (yet a good keeper), with a very delicious, slightly acid peach flavor; skin 
somewhat sour ; cling; very late. 


14 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


PLUMS, continued. 
_ Lombard. Perhaps the best of the European varieties now in cultivation. Tree 
vigorous, hardy and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish oval, slightly flat- 


tened at the ends; skin delicate violet-red, paler in shade; flesh deep yellow, juicy 
and pleasant. August. 


Marianna. The fruit of this variety is not equal to Golden Beauty or Wild 
Goose. It is said to be a seedling of the latter. 
Miner. One of the improved native varieties. Fruit medium size, oblong, skin 


dark purplish ; flesh red, soft, juicy, with vinous flavor ; excellent for canning and 
cooking, and one of the best for market ; tree hardy, vigorous and productive. 


Red June. Medium to large, decidedly 
conical, with deep suture; of a beautiful, 
deep vermilion-red, with handsome bloom ; 
Hlesh light yellow, firm and rather juicy, 
sprightly subacid ; half cling, with small pit. 
Ripens ahead of Abundance. 

Shipper’s Pride. This Plum originated 
in northwestern New York, near the shore 
of Lake Ontario, and has never been known 
to freeze back a particle in the severest 
winters. Size large; color dark purple; 
flesh firm and excellent. September 1. 

Wild Goose. The most popular Plum 
with some fruit growers. Tree a vigorous, 
upright grower ; fruit medium to large, rich, 
golden yellow, shaded with red; flesh yel- 
low, juicy ; flavor rich and good. 

Wickson. New. A_ remarkably hand- 

some and very large deep maroon-red Plum 

of the Kelsey type. Long cordate, or 

Burbank Plum. (See page 13.) oblong-pointed ; flesh firm, deep amber-yel- 

low, clinging to the small pit. There is apt 

to be a hollow space about the pit, as in Kelsey. Of first quality; an excellent 
keeper. Cross of Burbank with Kelsey, Burbank furnishing the seed. 


APRICOTS. 


A delicious fruit of the plum species, valuable for its earliness. It is liable to be 
attacked by curculio, and requires the same treatment as the plum; ripens in July 
and August. 

Moorpark. One of the largest. Orange, with red cheek; firm, juicy, with a 
rich flavor ; very productive. August. 

Early Golden, or Dubois. Small, pale orange; juicy and sweet; hardy and 
productive. July I. 

K@> The above varieties, while not reliable as regular bearers, have sometimes produced large 


crops of excellent fruit. The following Russian varieties, of recent introduction, are by many claimed 
to be very productive and valuable. 


Alexander. Large, oblong; yellow, flecked with red; flavor sweet and deli-: 
cate; one of the best. July 1. 

Alexis. Origin Russia; tree strong, fruit large. Yellow, with red cheek; very 
sweet and of rich flavor. Bears well if given warm location. Mid-July. 

J. L. Budd. Large; cheek red; sweet, juicy, extra fine. The best late variety. 
August I. 

Gibb. Fruit medium size, yellow; ripens very early. 


Superb. Originated at Lawrence, Kansas. Tree large and spreading ; fruit 
bright yellow with pink blush ; quality superb; very hardy. 


NECTARINES. 


A most delicious, smooth-skinned fruit, which thrives wherever peaches will 
grow, but it is liable to be stung by the curculio, and requires the same treatment 
eas the plum. 


EARLY AND LATE CLING AND FREESTONE PEACHES 15 


Champion. (See page 16.) 


SELECT PEACHES. 


Peach trees should be planted 16 or 18 feet apart. To secure healthy, vigorous 
and fruitful trees and fine fruit, the following points should be well attended to: 
(1) Keep the ground clean and mellow. (2) Keep the heads low—the trunk should 
not exceed 3 feet in height. (3) Give them an occasional dressing of wood ashes; 
soap-suds also are good. (4} Prune every spring, shortening the shoots of the pre- 
vious year’s growth. This keeps the head round, full and well furnished with bearing 
wood. Cut weak shoots back about one-half, and strong ones about one-third, but 
see that there is left a sufficient supply of fruit buds. Sickly and superfluous shoots 
should be cut out clean. The fruitis borne on wood of last season’s growth, hence 
the necessity of keeping up a good supply of vigorous annual shoots all over the tree. 
Young trees should be well mulched every spring. 


Arkansas Traveler. Said to ripen earlier than Amsden, of which it is a seed- 
ling ; fully equal to it in every respect. 


Alexander Early. Large, well-grown specimens measuring 8 inches in circum- 
ference ; handsome and regular in form, with deep maroon shade, covered with the 
richest tint of crimson; rich, and good in quality, with a vinous flavor; adheres to 
the stone. Should be left on the tree until fully ripe. Late June. 


Blood Cling. A variety of the old Indian Peach. Fruit very large, nearly 
round ; skin dark purplish red ; flesh very red, juicy and good. Sept. and Oct. 


Bokhara No. 3. Raised from seed received from Bokhara, Asia. The hardiest 
Peach known; has been in bearing for several years in central Iowa, and produced 
fruit after 28 degrees below zero. Fruit measured over 7 inches in circumference ; 
yellow, with red cheek; skin tough; flesh of good quality. A perfect freestone. 
Professor Budd says: ‘‘ They are 30 per cent hardier than the old strain of Peaches.” 
September 1. 


16 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


PEACHES, continued. 


Champion. Fruit large, beautiful in appearance; flavor delicious, sweet, rich 
and juicy; skin creamy white, with red cheek; freestone. The peculiarity of this 
great acquisition is its hardiness ; it stood a temperature of 18 degrees below zero in 
the winter of 1887-8, and produced an abundant crop the following season ; and again 
in r8go produced a full crop, when the Peach crop was a universal failure. Aug. I5. 

Crawford’s Early. This beautiful yellow Peach is highly esteemed for market 
purposes. Fruit very large, oblong; skin yellow, with fine red cheek; flesh yellow, 
juicy, sweet and excellent; productive; free. July r. 

Crawford’s Late. Fruit of the largest size; skin yellow, or greenish yellow, 
with dull red cheek ; flesh yellow ; productive. One of the best ; free. Late August 
and September. 

Crosby. Medium size, roundish, with distinct seam on blossom end; skin light 
golden yellow and very downy; flesh bright yellow and rather firm. _ Ripens between 
Early and Late Crawford. Tree of rather dwarfish habit. Has won special favor on 
account of great hardiness. A recent introduction that has attracted very wide atten- 
tion on account of its disposition to produce good crops in ‘‘off years,’ when other 
varieties usually fail. 

Carman. Large, somewhat oblong, resembling its probable sister, the great 
Elberta ; the tree also resembles this variety. Pale yellow, covered for the most part 
with a deep blush, while the skin is very tough; the flesh is quite juicy and tender, 
with a fine flavor, and a freestone. Its time of ripening is exactly that of Early Rivers. 

Early York. Medium size; greenish white, covered in the sun with dull red ; 
flesh greenish white, very tender. 

Elberta. A Georgia cross between Crawford and Chinese Cling; very large, 
well colored. All things considered, the finest yellow freestone in cultivation ; no 
one can go amiss by planting it. Fruit perfectly free from rot; one of the most suc- 
cessful shipping varieties. August 20. 

Emma, A very large Peach, and one of the best freestones. It is of a beautiful 
yellow, with a light crimson cheek; the bright yellow flesh is fine-grained and very 
juicy. It ripens immediately after Elberta, and in quality is much finer than that 
standard. 


EARLY AND LATE PEACHES AND QUINCES 17 


Fitzgerald. This is an extremely valuable new Peach of Canadian origin. Of 
very large size; it is at the same time of magnificent quality and a perfect freestone. 
One peculiarity is the extreme smallness of the stone. Its flesh is a beautiful shade 
of yellow, very firm, rich and juicy. It is asplendid shipper, and makes a beautiful 
appearance in market. Four of these Peaches weighed, upon a test, fully two pounds. 
It is very early in the region from whence it came, catching the market at a most 
opportune time. 

Foster. Large; deep orange-red, becoming very dark red on the sunny side ; 
flesh yellow, very rich and juicy, with subacid flavor. Earlier than Early Crawford ; 
very handsome. The originator says that the fruit always sells at a fancy price. 

Greensboro. The largest and most beautifully colored of all early varieties’ 
Double the size of Alexander, ripening at the same time. Parts freely from seed when 
fully ripe. Flesh white, juicy and good. 

Golden Drop. A very hardy, prolific variety, much grown in Michigan. Of 
medium size and bright yellow. A good market variety, ripening October I. 

Globe. An improvement on Crawford’s Late. Fruit large, globular; rich, 
golden yellow, with a red blush; flesh yellow, juicy. August. 

Heath Cling. Downing calls this Peach ‘‘the most successful and delicious of 
all late clingstones.’’ Tree vigorous and moderately productive. Fruit very large 
and narrowing to both ends; skin downy, cream-colored, with faint blush in the sun ; 
flesh greenish white, very tender and melting, juicy, with the richest, highest flavor ; 
quality very best. September. 

Lemon, or Pineapple Cling. Large, oblong, having a swollen point similar to 
a lemon; skin yellow, with red cheek; flesh yellow, firm, juicy and sweet. Tree a 
fine grower. August. 

Mountain Rose. A superb early, white-fleshed Peach, which yearly adds to its 
- reputation as the best of its season for home or market. Of large size, it is also of 
fine appearance, the delicately flushed skin being brightly shaded and marked with 
red ; the flesh is white, and parts freely from the stone ; it is of especially rich flavor, 
with much juice. The tree is of good growth and very productive. Altogether, Moun- 
tain Rose fills a place in practical Peach growing untouched by any other variety. 

Oldmixon Free. Large; pale yellow, with a deep red cheek; tender, rich and 
good. One of the best. September 1 to 15. 

Salway. Fruit large, roundish; deep yellow, with a deep, marbled brownish 
red cheek ; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, rich and sugary. A new English variety, and a 
late showy market sort; freestone. September 30. 

Sneed. The most remarkable early Peach yet introduced. It ripens a week to 
ten days earlier than Alexander, and belongs to an entirely different type from Alex- 
ander and Hale’s Early. Very distinct in tree and fruit, belonging to the Chinese 
Cling type ; size medium ; color white, with flush on cheek. 

Stump the World. Very large, roundish; skin white, with a bright red cheek ; 
flesh white, juicy and good. Late September. 

Triumph. Ripens with Alexander, blooms late, has large flowers, and is a sure 
and abundant bearer. The tree makes a very strong growth, bears young and yields 
abundantly. The fruit is of large size, with a very small pit; skin yellow, nearly cov- 
ered with red, dark crimson in the sun; flesh bright yellow, free when fully ripe, of 
excellent flavor. The fruit is a good shipper, and in quality is far superior to anything 
that ripens anywhere near its season. ; 

Wonderful. Extra large, and ofa rich, deep yellow, covered with carmine ; free- 
stone ; flesh yellow, firm and high flavored ; very prolific. Late Sept. and Oct. 


SELECT QUINCES. 


The Quince is attracting a great deal of attention as a market fruit. The tree is 
hardy and compact in growth, requiring but little space; productive, gives regular 
crops, and comes early into bearing. The fruit is much sought after for canning. 

Apple, or Orange, Large, roundish, bright golden yellow ; cooks tender and is 
of excellent flavor; valuable for preserves or flavoring ; very productive ; most popu- 
lar and extensively cultivated variety. October. 

Champion. A new variety, originated in Connecticut, where it is exciting 
marked attention. The tree is described as a strong grower, a prolific and constant 
bearer; fruit averaging larger than the Orange, more oval in shape, quality equally 
fine, and a longer keeper. 

Rea’s Mammoth. A superb fruit; much larger than the Orange, but of the 
same form and color. Tree healthy ; very thrifty grower, productive. 


18 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


GRAPES. 


Almost every one can find room for from six to a dozen or more Grape vines. 
They can be trained up the side of any building or over a garden fence, but the best 
and cheapest way to grow 
them, either in small or large 
quantities, is on a wire trellis. 

Work the ground deep for 
Grape vines, and plant a little 
deeper than they were in the 
nursery. Make the rows 8 
feet apart and plant vines 6 to 
8 feet apart in the 
rows. Some of the 
tender varieties would 
be benefited by laying 
the vines flat on the 
ground during winter, 
Hj with a light covering 
of earth or litter. 


Agawam. Red, 
large, round, early, 
and of great vigor 
of growth; rich, 
high, peculiar 
aromatic flavor. 
Considered by 
Mr. Rogers as the 
best of his strictly 
red hybrids. 


Catawba. 
Well known as 
the ‘great wine 
Grape of Ohio, 
Kentucky, etc. 
Bunches large and loose; 
berries large, of a coppery 
red color, becoming pur- 
plish when well ripened ; 
two weeks later than Isa- 
bella. Where not subject 
to rot still holds its own as 
one of the best varieties. 


Champion. Bunches 
large and compact ; berries 
large, covered with a rich 
bloom, medium in quality ; 
vine a strong and healthy 
grower and a good bearer ; 
profitable for market on 
account of its earliness. 


Concord. A popular 
\\ variety, universally healthy, 
vigorous and _ productive ; 
flesh somewhat buttery, 
moderately juicy and sweet; 
bunch large, nearly black, 
with bloom; early. Much 
is said about some Grape 
to take the place of the 
Concord, its poor quality, 
etc., but the fact is gener- 
ally recognized that the 
man who plants and cares 


Moore's Early. 
(See opposite page.) 


A 


CHOICE SORTS OF GRAPES 19 


for Concord vines will get bountiful crops of Grapes, and if they are allowed to 
remain on the vines until fully mature the quality is Besos No other Grape can 
be planted with the confi- yer —_ 

dence that is felt in the 
Concord. 


Delaware. Holds its 
own as one of the finest 
Grapes. Bunches small, com- 
pact, shouldered ; berries 
rathersmall,round; skin thin, 
light red; flesh very juicy 
without anv hard pulp, with 
an exceedingly sweet, spicy 
and delicious flavor; vines 
moderately vigorous, very 
hardy and productive ; ripens 
two weeks before Isabella. 


Dracut Amber. Vine 
strong, hardy and produc- 
tive ; bunch medium in size ; 
berries large, round; skin 
thick, pale red ; valuable for 
market and cooking. 

Early Ohio. Briefly, its points of ' 
merit are extreme earliness, hardiness and 
productiveness ; the berry is black, smaller 
than Concord, firm in texture; the vine 
is thrifty, a strong, rapid grower and an 
abundant bearer. Its exceeding earliness 
makes it a decided acquisition. 


Goethe. A fine, light-colored variety, 
tinged and nearly covered with red when 
fully ripe. It has more the flavor of its Niagara. 
foreign parent than any of the others, being 
tender to the center ; bunch and berry laree; usually it ripens with Catawba. 

Ives’ Seedling. Vine healthy, strong grower; fruit bunch medium to large; 
flesh sweet and juicy, but foxy and puffy. A desirable market Grape on account of 
its good keeping qualities ; it colors early, but ripens later than Concord. 

Martha. Seedling of Concord, which it resembles in growth and’ hardiness. 
Bunch of gocd size, and berry large; pale green or light color; sweet, juicy, sprightly. 

Moore’s Diamond. A new white Grape of handsome appearance, equal or 
superior to Niagara in quality, and 1o days earlier than that variety. It is prolific, and 
very thrifty and vigorous. 

Moore’s Early. Seedling of Concord, combining the vigor, health and pro- 
ductiveness of Concord ; 10 days earlier than Hartford ; in quality hardly to be dis- 
tinguished from Concord. This Grape has taken the first prize at the Massachusetts 
Horticultural Society each year since 1872, when first exhibited, and the $60 prize of 
same society for the best new seedling in fall, 1877. A valuable acquisition. Bunch 
large ; berries very large, black. 

Niagara. Bunch medium to large, compact, sometimes shouldered, being large, 
roundish uniform ; skin thin but tough, pale green at first, changing to pale yellow 
when fully ripe, with a thin, whitish bloom ; flesh slightly pulpy, tender, sweet before 
it is fully ripe; it has a musky odor, which disappears when fully ripe; vine vigorous, 
healthy and productive ; ripens with Concord. 

Pocklington. Seedling from Concord. The vine is thoroughly hardy, both in 
wood and foliage; is a strong grower, never mildews in vine or foliage. This is 
called a white Grape, but the fruit is a light golden yellow, clear, juicy and sweet to 
the center, with little or no pulp; bunches very large, sometimes shouldered ; berries 
round, very large and thickly set; quality, when fully ripe, superior to the Concord. 
Ripens with the Concord. 

Worden. Seedling of Concord, which it greatly resembles in appearance and 
flavor, but the berries are larger. The fruit is said to be better flavored, and to ripen 
pa days earlier. These qualities will give it the foremost rank among native 

rapes. 


20 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


Brandywine Strawberry. Clyde Strawberry. 


SMALL FRUITS. 


These may everywhere be successfully cultivated, and yield large returns at 
comparatively small expense. They should havea place in every garden. Since the 
introduction of self-sealing jars and cans, they can be had throughout the year almost 
as fresh as when gathered. If any thoughtful farmer will figure up the returns from a 
berry patch as compared with one of his heavy crops by area, he will be convinced as. 


to the profits, 
STRAWBERRIES. 


The ground should be prepared the same as for other crops; if not already rich, 
make it so by manuring. Mark out the rows the desired width, and set plants 12 to 
18 inches apart in the rows. If set 12 inches apart in rows 4 feet apart, an acre will 
require 10,890 plants, same as if set 16 inches, in rows 3 feet apart. In early winter, 
when the ground is frozen, cover the whole with long straw, which should not be 
removed from the plants in the spring, but allowed to remain on the ground as a 
mulch, to keep the berries clean the next summer. 


Varieties marked P. fertilize with Charles Downing, or Jessie, or other staminate 
variety. 

Brandywine. Season medium to late. One of the grandest berries ever intro- 
duced. It is one of our favorites. If you do not have it, by all means get it this 
season. It is one of the heaviest fruiters, a splendid shipper and a “‘catcher’’ on any 
market. Berries very large, deep red to center, of the type shown in the photograph. 
Stem short and stout, holds its great load of berries well up from the ground. One 
of the strongest pollenizers for pistillates of its season. 

Bubach No. 5. P. A wonderful berry in vigor of plant and yield of fruit evey 
under careless culture. The fruit is in many instances enormous, and the average is 
large and handsome. It is exceedingly productive and very valuable for a nearby 
market. Midseason. ~ 


Captain Jack. A most vigorous grower, healthy and productive. Berries large, 
handsome and solid. 

Charles Downing. Large, conical, crimson; flesh firm, of fine flavor and good 
quality ; plant healthy, vigorous and productive. Best fertilizer for Windsor Chief. 

Clyde. One of the most wonderful berries ever grown. Hale says: ‘‘ Clyde is 
the one great business Strawberry—basket-filler, money-catcher, debt-destroyer and 
family-provider. Plant the Clyde, make money, grow fat, and be happy,’’—and he 
knows. One great feature about it is its adaptability to all parts of the country ; it 
everywhere produces wonderful crops of large, bright scarlet, firm berries, which 
_ stand shipping splendidly and bring the best prices in market. The foliage is light 
green and very vigorous and handsome. 


SELECT STRAWBERRIES AND RASPBERRIES 21 


Crescent. P. Medium, conical, bright scarlet, very uniform in size. A beauti- 
ful berry, beginning to ripen with Wilson’s Albany, and continuing in fruit longer. 
Has been shipped 200 miles without changing color. It is astonishing in its produc- 
tiveness. The plants are wonderful in growth, taking entire possession of the ground 
to the exclusion of weeds and grass. At home on all soils. 

Gandy. One of the latest, if not the latest, in cultivation. This variety requires 
a special soil adapted to it. It is particularly adapted to the northern states, as in the 
southern states it seems too dry. On our soil it isa good plant maker, producing a 
beautiful plant of medium size. The fruit, what we get, is of good size, but it is too 
shy a bearer here to be of any profit. This variety is well known over the country, 
and where it succeeds well it is one of the best paying sorts. We always grow a 
good stock of this to supply our customers, and our stock is genuine. 


Glendale. Fruit large, very firm; quality best for canning. Plant strong grower, 
and as productive as Charles Downing. 


Greenville. P. Resembles Bubach, but is firmer and a better shipper ; uniform 
in size, regular outline, excellent quality. Plant a strong grower, free from rust, and 
one of the most productive. 


Haverland. P. Profitable by reason of its productiveness and earliness, but is 
hardly firm enough for distant shipment ; requires deep, heavy soil; plant exceed- 
ingly vigorous and healthy ; fruit large, handsome and good, though not of the best 
quality ; rather long in shape, and of a bright, glossy crimson ; early. 


Jessie. A stout, luxuriant grower; foliage light green, large and clean; the 
berry is very large, continuing large to the last picking; it is of beautiful color, fine 
quality, good form, quite firm, having been shipped 600 miles in good condition. 


Parker Earle. Undoubtedly one of the best berries grown for home or market, 
a standard by which other berries are judged. Large, lng, regular in shape and 
uniform in size; flesh firm and of good quality, solid to the center ; plant very vigor- 
ous and hardy ; extremely productive. Medium season. 


Warfield. Possesses beauty, firmness, earliness, good flavor, productiveness. 
Is not immensely large, but quite satisfactory. 


Plant Strawberries in the Spring. 


RASPBERRIES. 
BLACKCAPS. 


Cumberland is a new Blackcap Raspberry that we place upon the market this 
season with full assurance of its superiority to all others of its class. In size the fruit 
is simply enormous, the berries measuring % and +2 of an inch in diameter ; but, in 
spite of this, the fruit is of unusual firmness, 
and is thus well adapted for standing long 
shipments. In time of ripening it follows Tyler 
and precedes Gregg. The bush is extremely 
vigorous and remarkably free from that scourge 
of Raspberries, an- 
thracnose. 


Bishop. The 
leading late Black- 
cap, and a popular 
market sort. Canes 
are strong, vigorous, 
and, under good cul- 
ture, very produc- 
tive. Berries very 
large, covered with 
heavy bloom, firm, 
meaty and of fine 
flavor. It requires 
good strong soil to 
produce best results 
and_ responds liber- 
ally to generous 
treatment. Cumberland Raspberry. 


22 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


RASPBERRIES, continued. 


Gregg. This is the old standard late berry, more generally planted than any 
other late Blackcap. The berries come late, are very large and fine, and ship well. 


Kansas. It is healthy, vigorous and not subject to leaf blight ; produces strong, 
healthy tips; fruit large; as fine a berry as Gregg and equally as good a shipper ; 
ripens just after Souhegan ; very prolific. 


Munger. This berry was introduced two years ago, but had been fruited and 
tested several years to prove its value. It very much resembles the Gregg. The berries 
are often found an inch in diameter, and it continues in fruit several days after other 
sorts are gone. Probably the latest Blackcap ever introduced. 


Souhegan. The earliest and leading market sort among the Blackcaps. Canes 
vigorous, strong and hardy, with healthy foliage; fruit good size, jet black, firm, 
pleasant flavor, valuable for market. 


RED VARIETIES. 


Loudon. This we believe to be the coming Red Raspberry for inarket. Such 
horticulturists and practical men as E. S. Carman, J. H. Hale, George Ellwanger and 
W. C. Barry, after seeing and testing it, have pronounced it the finest Red Raspberry 
im existence: It ripens par an early, and holds out very late, is productive 
beyond any Red Raspberry known, and a fine shipper. It is the hardiest market Red 
Raspberry, and is of superior quality, color, size and solidity. 


Miller Red has been grown and fruited largely for the last 10 years. The bush 
is a stout, healthy, vigorous grower, not quite so tall as Cuthbert, rather more stocky 
and dwarf. It is very hardy, remaining unhurt when Cuthbert and Thompson, in 
same field, were badly winter-killed. Berry as large as Cuthbert, holding its size ; is 
round, bright red, does not fade, but will hold color after shipment longer than any 
other red variety; is the finest and best shipping berry in existence; of rich flavor 
and very good quality. Time of ripening is with the earliest, and continues until the 
end of the Raspberry season. Special prices for large quantities of Miller Red. 


Thompson’s Early Prolific. This new Raspberry combines extreme earliness, 
hardiness, vigorous growth and productiveness, with beautiful color, firmness and fine 
quality toa remarkable degree. It begins to ripen toward the close of the strawberry 
season, and gives good picking from the first. Those who desire an early Red Rasp- 
berry can safely give this a trial. 


Turner. A beautiful red berry of fine size and ‘excellent quality ; said to be the 
hardiest and most productive variety known. 


BLACKBERRIES. 


These require the same kind of soil and treatment as Raspberries, except that 
they should be planted in rows 8 feet wide and 4 feet apart in the row. For self- 
sustaining bushes, clip off the points of the growing canes as soon as the plants are 
about 4 feet high, and repeat the operation several times, until they assume the form 
ofa bush. Mulching is of great advantage to both raspberries and Blackberries. 


Early Harvest. This is the earliest of Blackberries, ripening with Mammoth 
Cluster raspberry. ‘Che fruit is of medium size, glossy 
black and firmer than any other Blackberry known. 


Erie. Cane strong; berry large, almost round, of rich 
quality, handsome and firm, Plant hardy, vigorous and 
productive, bending its canes with fruit. 


Kittatinny. Begins to ripen soon after Wilson’s Early, 
and continues longer in bearing; is ripe as soon as black, 
and is much earlier, sweeter and better in all respects 
than Lawton, which it resembles in plant and fruit. The 
ereat fault of Kittatinny is the rust, which sometimes will 
destroy a whole plantation. When it escapes rust the best 
Blackberry known. 


Snyder. [Extremely hardy, enormously productive ; 
fruit of medium size, with no hard, sour core; half as 
many thorns as Lawton or Kittatinny, and they are straight 
and short ; most prolific Blackberry grown; comparatively 
Evie Blackberry. free from rust; a safe and profitable berry to plant. Has 


BLACKBERRIES, LUCRETIA DEWBERRY AND CURRANTS 23 


been a standard market berry over a wide range of country for years. Succeeds 
and yields well everywhere; is a great favorite north for its hardiness. 


Taylor, or Taylor’s Prolific. Strong, upright 
grower; berry large, late; should be planted with an 
early for a succession of fruit. The strong point with 
Taylor is endurance and heavy crops. Very successful 
in bleak New Hampshire and Canada. The berry is 
very sweet and rich in flavor. Can furnish fine Taylor 
plants grown from cuttings. These have more roots, are 
stronger, and bring fruit quickly. 


LUCRETIA DEWBERRY. 


Fruit very large, luscious and handsome; perfectly 
hardy, a strong grower and enormously productive; a 
superb and very profitable market fruit. The vines 
should be allowed to remain on the ground during win- 
ter, and be staked up early in the spring. 


CURRANTS. 


Currants should be planted 4 feet apart in the garden. Sawdust or tan-bark 
should be used as mulch. The Currant flourishes in almost every kind of soil, but to 
have the fruit in perfection, plant in rich, deep soil, and give good annual pruning and 
cultivation. When plants are grown as stools or bushes, the older and feebler suckers 
should be cut out. When grown in the form of a tree, with single stem, the bearing 
wood should be thinned, and the stem and root kept free of suckers. 


_ Cherry. The largest of all red Currants ; berries sometimes more than half an 
inch in diameter ; bunches short; plant very vigorous and productive when grown on 
good soils and well cultivated. 


Fay’s Prolific. For size, beauty and productiveness the most remarkable red 
Currant ever grown. A. M. Purdy, of Palmyra, N. Y., says: ‘‘We counted over 30 
large clusters on a branch received by us, measuring 14 inches in length. The berry 
is fully equal to Cherry Currant, while the flavor is much superior. The stems are 
double the length on an average, and the fruit hangs on well, never dropping, as in 
other Currants. We measured bunches 4 and 6 inches long.’’ 

North Star. The average length of the bunches is 4 inches; 30 berries from a 
single bunch, placed side by side, touching, covered a line 12 
inches in length. The fruit is superior, very sweet and rich in 
quality, firm; a good market berry; desirable as a dessert fruit in 
the natural state, and unequaled for jelly. 

Red Dutch. An old, highly esteemed sort, hardy 
and reliable ; fruit medium size, bright red and of best 
quality. It is well to plant some high-priced new 
kind if you want a pet, but if you want Currants, plant 
Red Dutch. 

White Grape. Very large, yellowish white, sweet, 
or very mild acid ; excellent for the table; the finest 
of the white sorts; very distinct from White Dutch, 
having a low, spreading habit and dark green foliage ;. 
very productive. 


Lucretia Dewberry. 


Fay’s Prolific Currant. 


24 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


GOOSEBERRIES. 


The bushes should be planted the same distance apart as currants. They should 
be annually and rather severely pruned by thinning all feeble and crowded branches. 
Mulch the same as currants. 


Downing. Fruit larger than Houghton; round- 
ish, light green, with distinct veins; skin smooth ; 
flesh rather soft, juicy and very good. Vigorous 
and productive. 


Houghton’s Seedling. A medium-sized 
American variety, which bears abundant and 
regular crops, and never mildews; fruit smooth, 
red, tender and very good; very valuable. No 
variety has yet been found that gives better satis- 
faction. 

Smith’s Improved. Large, oval, light green, 
\ with bloom; flesh moderately firm, sweet and 
\, ood ; vigorous grower. 


IMPROVED DWARF 
JUNEBERRY. 


This is a novelty of great promise. When in 
: blossom the bushes are white as snow banks. It 
Downing Gooseberry. has fruited with us soon after planting. It resem- 
bles the huckleberry, but is entirely distinct. The 
ruit is borne in clusters like the currant; round, reddish purple at first, becoming 
bluish black when fully ripe; its flavor approaches the huckleberry—a mild, very 
rich subacid flavor ; most people like its quality, and pronounce it delicious. The 
bush is about the height and form of the currant; it produces fruit in enormous 
quantities, and bears every year. It is also perfectly hardy. 


AMERICAN SWEET CHESTNUT. 


Among our large collection of ornamental native forest trees, the Chestnut is not 
rivaled for its beauty. When grown in the open ground, it assumes an elegant sym- 
metrical form. The foliage is rich, glossy and healthy, and the whole tree is covered 
in early summer with long, pendent, tassel-like blossoms. It is especially desirable 
for its nuts, which it bears profusely a few years after transplanting. The Chestnut 
thrives well on any soil except a wet one. When nursery-grown, bears transplanting 
well, and once established grows rapidly and soon comes into bearing. 


ASPARAGUS. 


To make a good Asparagus bed, the plants may be set in fall or early spring. 
Prepare a piece of fine, loamy soil, to which has been added a liberal dressing of good 
manure. Select 2-year or strong 1-year-old plants, and, for a garden, set in rows 18 to 
20 inches apart, with plants 10 to 12 inches apart in the row. Makeasmall mound of 
the soil, over which the roots should be evenly spread, so that the crowns, when cov- 
ered, shall be 3 inches below the surface of the ground. If planted in the fall, the 
whole bed should be covered before winter sets in, with 2 or 3 inches of coarse stable 
manure, which may be lightly forked in between the rows as soon as the ground is 
softened in the spring. 

Conover’s Colossal. A mammoth variety of vigorous growth, sending up from 
15 to 20 sprouts, from 1 to 2 inches in diameter, each year; color deep green; crown 
very close. 


RHUBARB, oR PIE PLANT. 


This deserves to be ranked among the best early vegetables in the garden. It 
affords the earliest material for pies and tarts, continues long in use, and is valuable 
for canning. Make the border very rich and deep for this plant. 


Linneus. Large, early, tender and fine. The very best of all. 


BEAUTIFUL TREES FOR CENERAL PLANTING 2 


>) | 


Vit : hs 


Camperdown Weeping Elni. 


HARDY ORNAMENTALS 


The stock of ornamental trees, shrubs, vines and plants that we offer will be found 
to comprise a sufficient number of kinds that are really valuable, so that our custom- 
ers may, from the list offered, secure such a variety as will give full satisfaction. 
The long list of fancy sorts, mere duplications, is not presented. 


ORNAMENTAL TREES. 


Windbreaks of trees, more especially if they are evergreen, besides being orna- 
mental, make the dwelling warmer, diminishing to no inconsiderable extent the con- 
sumption of fuel. They also make the outbuildings warmer for stock by night, and 
the yard by day, imparting comfort to the animals, and saving a large amount of food. 


ASH, White. A rapid-growing native tree, of fine, symmetrical outline. A valu- 
able street or park tree, and should be extensively planted for timber, as the 
demand for it is very great for the manufacture of implements, railway cars, fur-. 
niture, etc. 


BIRCH, Cut-Leaved Weeping. An elegant, erect tree, with slender, drooping 
branches and fine cut leaves. A magnificent variety, and worthy a place on every 
lawn. We know of no more beautiful tree than the Cut-Leaved Weeping Birch. 


BOX ELDER. A fine, rapid-growing tree, with handsome, light green pinnated 
foliage and spreading head ; very hardy. Excellent for avenues. 


CATALPA. A native cf the south. A rapid-growing, beautiful tree, with very large, 
heart-shaped leaves and pyramidal clusters of white and purple flowers a foot 
long. Blooms late in July. 


ELM, American White. The noble, spreading, drooping tree of our own woods. 
One of the grandest of park or street trees. 
Camperdown Weeping ( (mus pendula). Its vigorous, irregular branches have a 
uniform, weeping habit, and overlap so regularly that a‘ccmpact roof-like head is 
formed. The finest Weeping Elm. 


HORSE-CHESTNUT, Common, or White-Flowering. A very beautiful, well- 
known tree, with round, dense head, dark green foliage, and an abundance of 
showy flowers in early spring. 


26 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


ORNAMENTAL TREES, continued. 


LINDEN, American, A rapid-growing, beautiful native tree, with very large leaves 
and fragrant flowers. 


LOCUST, Black or Yellow (Robinia). A large native tree of rapid growth; valu- 
able for shade as well as quite 
ornamental. The very fragrant 
white or yellowish flowers are 
disposed in long, pendulous ra- 
cemes, and appear in June. 


MAPLE, Silver-Leaved. Of ex- 
cellent, rapid growth, and desir- 
able for immediate effect. 


Sugar, or Rock. Forstately form 
and fine foliage justly ranked 
among the very best trees for 
lawn and avenue. 


MOUNTAIN ASH, European. A 
fine, hardy tree ; head dense and 
regular, covered from July till 
winter with large clusters of 
bright scarlet berries. 


Oak=Leaved. A_ variety with 
large, hoary, lobed leaves ; dis- 
tinct and fine. 

Weeping (Pyrus). A _ beautiful 
tree, with straggling, weeping 
branches; makes a fine tree for 
the lawn; suitable for covering 
arbors. 


a ie ~ MULBERRY, Teas’ Weeping 

ye Russian (JZ. Siberica pendula). 
es A graceful and beautiful, hardy 
yA Fm EC i tree, forming a perfect umbrella- 


watts mr 


Poy tee Sty HAS 


. 
th 


Beam HANIA me 
“a cat nee ive ei wasn ate ‘ shaped head, with long, slender, 
MALI ia RCA aA na OR bie nt’ willowy branches, drooping to 
a the ground and gracefully sway- 
Stlver-Leaved Maple. ing in the wind. Foliage small, 


lobed, and of a delightful, fresh, 
glossy green. The tree is exceedingly hardy, of rapid growth and abundant 
foliage. Admirably adapted to cemetery planting, and susceptible of being 
trained into almost any shape. 


Russian. Very hardy. 


PLUM, Purple=Leaved (Prunus Pissardii). Very remarkable and beautiful, with 
black bark and dark purple leaves, remaining very constant in color until late in 
the fall. The new growth is especially bright; the fruit is also red, and said to 
be very good. 


TULIP TREE. A native tree of the Magnolia order. Remarkable for its sym- 
metry, rich glossy foliage, regularly distributed branches and large tulip-like 
flowers. 


WILLOW, Weeping (Saiz Babylonica). Our common and well-known tree. 


American Weeping. An American dwarf, slender-branched species. Grafted 
5 or 6 feet high it makes one of the most ornamental of small weeping trees ; 
hardier than S. Babylonica. 


Kilmarnock Weeping. An exceedingly gracetul tree, with large, glossy leaves ; 
one of the finest of this class of trees. Very hardy, The branches form a close, 
thick, drooping head around a pillar-like stem. ‘Trees of this class have much 
the same effect as statuary on a lawn, but are more beautiful. 


Ze Our trees are carefully grown and transplanted, so that the stock is clean and 
fine, with abundant fibrous roots. They transplant nicely with good care. See hints 
on pages 2 and 3. 


oo 


bo 
a | 


EVERCREEN TREES FOR CENERAL PLANTING 


EVERGREENS. 


ARBORVITZ, American. This plantis, all things considered, the finest Evergreen 
for hedges. It is very hardy and easily transplanted, few plants failing if properly 
transplanted specimens are obtained and proper care given in their management. 

“It grows rapidly, and with little care, or rather by easy management, it soon 
forms a most beautiful hedge, very dense, and perfectly impervious to the sight. 
It is never planted to turn stock, but it forms a most desirable and ornamental 

© screen to divide the lawn from other grounds. 

| Chinese. Deep green, hardy, vigorous, rapid-growing, fine; stately for large 
places, or may be shorn as desired ; fine as specimens, hedges or windbreaks. 

Golden. Very compact and symmetrical ; globular, conical or pyramidal, as desired ; 
most beautiful and popular. Those grown from selected seed are most compact 
and deep green. 

Pyramidal. A superb new and hardy sort, of very compact habit; much better 
than the Irish Juniper, and grows in a perfect column. Largely planted in ceme- 

§  teries, owing to the small amount of space it occupies. This is perhaps the most 
valuable Arborvitz in cultivation. 

Rosedale Hybrid. Beautiful, feathery pea-green foliage ; a distinct hybrid between 
Arborvite and Retinospora. Very 
compact and desirable. 


CEDAR, Red. About the only Ever" 
green indigenous to Kansas.) Makes 
a fine ornamental hedge plant ; hardy 
and reliable. . 


JUNIPER, Irish. Very erect and taper" 
ing in its growth, forming a column 
of deep green foliage. A pretty little 
tree or shrub, and a general favorite 
for its beauty and hardiness. 


PINE, Austrian or Black. A remark- 
ably robust, hardy, spreading tree; 
leaves long, stiff, dark green ; growth 
rapid ; valuable for this country. 

Scotch. Fine, robust, rapid-growing, 
with stout, erect shoots and silver- 
green foliage. 

White. The most ornamental of all 
our native Pines. Foliage light, deli- 
cate or silvery green; flourishes in 
the poorest soils. 


SPRUCE, American White. A tall 
tree, with compact branches. and 
light green foliage. 

Colorado Blue. Thisspecies has been 
tested at various points on the 
prairies of the west and northwest 
with perfect success, enduring a tem- 
perature of 30° below zero, in ex- 
posed situations, entirely uninjured. 
One of the hardiest Evergreens and —— ee 
the most beautiful in color and out- Colorado Blue Spruce. 
line ; foliage of a rich blue or sage. 

Norway. A lofty, elegant tree, of perfect pyramidal habit, exceedingly picturesque 
and beautiful. One of the best Evergreens for hedges. 


DECIDUOUS SHRUBS. 


ALTHAA, or Rose of Sharon. These are especially valuable because of their 
flowering in the fall, when nearly all other shrubs are out of bloom. 
Double Purple. Double; reddish purple ; fine. Totus albus. White. 
Variegata fl. pl. This kind has a beautiful double variegated flower. 
Variegated-Leaved Double Purple. A very showy, distinct kind ; leaves varie- 
gated with light yellow, flowers double purple. 


28 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


ALMOND, Dwarf Double Rose=Flowering. A beautiful shrub, with small, double, 
rosy blossoms, closely set upon the twigs before the leaves appear. 


Dwarf Double White-Flowering. Flowers white, similar to the preceding. 


CALIFORNIA PRIVET. Splendid for specimens, screens or hedging. 


CALYCANTHUS, 
Sweet-=-Scented 
Shrub, or Allspice. 
An interesting 
shrub, having a rare 
and peculiar fra- 
grance of wood and 
flowers ; its blooms 
are abundant, and 
of peculiar chocolate 
color. 


DEUTZIA, Slender- 
Branched (D. ¢va- 
cilis). A charming 
species, introduced 
from Japan by Dr. 
Siebold; flowers 
pure white. Fine 
for pot culture, as it 
flowers freely at a 
low temperature in 
winter. 

HONE YSUCKLE, 
Upright Tartarian. 
Flowers bright pink, 
appearing in May. 

HYDRANGEA, 
Large = Clustered. 
A fine, large shrub, 
bearing showy pan- 

Large-Clustered Hydrangea. icles of pink and 

white flowers in the 

greatest profusion. It is quite hardy, and is altogether a most admirable shrub 
for planting singly, or on the lawn in masses. 

LILAC, Common Purple. One of the hardiest, best shrubs; very well known, 

and popular. 


Large-Flowering White. Has very large, pure white panicles of flowers; con- 
sidered the best. 


PEONIES. Very showy and easily cultivated. Different colors. 
PURPLE FRINGE, or Smoke Tree. A conspicuous small tree, of spreading habit, 
covered in midsummer with a profusion of dusky, fringe-like flowers. 


QUINCE, Japan Scarlet. Bright scarlet flowers in early spring. Makes a beautiful 
and useful hedge. 

SYRINGA.. All the species and varieties of the Syringa have white flowers, many of 
them quite fragrant. Assorted varieties. Also called Mock Orange. 


SNOWBALL. A well-known, favorite shrub, of large size, with numerous globular 
clusters of very handsome white flowers in June. 


SPIREA (Meadow Sweet). The Spireas are all elegant low shrubs of the easiest 
culture, and their blooming extends over a period of five months. 


STRAWBERRY TREE. The chief beauty consists in its brilliant rose-colored 
berries, which hang in clusters from the branches until mid-winter. Planted with 
a background of evergreens the contrast is very fine. 


WEIGELA rosea. An elegant shrub, with fine rose-colored flowers. Quite hardy ; 
blossoms in May. 


WHITE FRINGE ( Chionanthus Virginica). One of the best small trees, with superb 
foliage and fragrant, fringe-like, white flowers. Exceedingly graceful. 


HEDGE PLANTS AND HARDY VINES 29 


LA ae 


Clematis Jackmant. Clematis Duchess of Edinburgh. Clematis Flammula. 


DECIDUOUS HEDGE PLANTS. 


CALIFORNIA PRIVET. See page 28. 


OSAGE ORANGE. Highly esteemed at the west and south; not hardy enough for 
the northern states. 

JAPAN QUINCE. Unquestionably a fine plant for an ornamental hedge. Grows 
very compactly, will submit to any amount of pruning, while the brilliant and 
showy scarlet flowers make it exceedingly attractive. 


HARDY CLIMBING AND TRAILING SHRUBS. 


AMPELOPSIS Veitchii (Boston Ivy). Foliage smaller than in the American and 
more dense, forming a sheet of green. ‘he plant isa little tender while young, 
and should be protected the first winter. When once established it grows rapidly 
and clings to a wall or fence with the tenacity of ivy. The foliage changes to 
crimson-scarlet in autumn and is very beautiful for covering walls, stumps of trees, 
rockeries, etc. ; for ornamentation of brick and stone structures it has no equal. 

Quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper). A native vine of rapid growth, with large, 
luxuriant foliage, which in the autumn assumes the most gorgeous and magnifi- 
cent coloring. The blossoms are followed by handsome dark blue berries. 


BIGNONIA radicans, or Scarlet Trumpet Flower. A splendid climber, vigorous 
and hardy, with clusters of large trumpet-shaped, scarlet flowers in August. 


CLEMATIS, or Virgin’s Bower. The different varieties and species of Clematis 
now in cultivation are of the highest beauty and utility. They vary greatly in 
their foliage and flowers, and are adapted to various uses. 

Coccinea. Distinct from other varieties; bright coral-scarlet flowers. July to 
October. 

European Sweet (C. fammula). The flowers of this variety are very fragrant ; 
requires a slight protection in winter ; very desirable. 


30 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


CLEMATIS Jackmanni. A very profuse-blooming variety, with flowers from 4 to 
6 inches in diameter, of an intense violet-purple color, borne successionally. in 
continuous masses on the summer shoots. 


Duchess of Edinburgh. Pure white; good bloomer; has large flowers. One of 
the best white sorts of Clematis. 


HONEYSUCKLE, Monthly Fragrant, or Dutch (Z. Be/gica). Blooms all sum- 
mer ; very sweet. 


Yellow Trumpet (Z. aurea). A well-known variety, with yellow trumpet flowers. 


WISTARIA, Chinese. A most beautiful climber of rapid growth, producing long, 
pendulous clusters of pale blue flowers. When well established, makes an enor- 
mous growth. Itis very hardy, and one of the most superb vines ever introduced. 


YUCCA, SPANISH BAYONET. 


This has a grand appearance. The flower-stem rises 3 feet above the ground, 
covered with large bell-shaped flowers on laterals, forming a perfect pyramid. 


Filamentosa (Adam’s Needle). Thread-leaved, creamy white, 3 to 4 feet. July. 


ROSES. 


HYBRID PERPETUALS, oR REMONTANTS. 


This group comprises, for the most part, the Roses for the multitude. They are 
mostly hardy, vigorous, easy of culture. Asa general rule, they thrive best in well- 
prepared loam. Close pruning is generally required, but should be regulated to some 
extent by the rate of growth of each variety, those of vigorous habit not requiring to 
be cut back so much as those of slower growth. The flowers range from purest white 
to deepest crimson, with intermediate shades of pink, blush, cherry, carmine and 
peach. The term ‘‘Perpetual’’ may lead some to think that they are as constant 
bloomers as the Everblooming Roses. This is not the case. They flower freely in 
June and at short intervals during the summer and fall. 

Remedy for Mildew. Mildew is, perhaps, the most injurious Rose disease. It is 
generally caused by extremes of heat and cold, and by long continued damp, cloudy 
weather. The best remedies are sulphur and soot; one of these should be applied 


HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES 31 


Paul Neyron. 


the moment the disease makes its appearance. It is a good plan to sprinkle the 
plants with water, so that the substance applied will adhere. 


Anne de Diesbach. A beautiful carmine ; large and fragrant. 

Baron de Bonstetten. Large, very double ; dark maroon, fine and sweet. 
Baroness Rothschild. Pink ; large, fine form. A beautiful Rose, but not fragrant. 
Baronne de Maynard. Pure white, medium in size, double, free-blooming. 


Coquette des Alps. Pure white; very beautiful. We think this one of the best 
pure whites ; free bloomer. 


General Jacqueminot. Brilliant crimson-scarlet ; very showy and effective ; 
good grower, free bloomer ; one of the most popular Roses. Especially valued for 
ts very large and elegant buds. . 


General Washington. Brilliant rosy carmine, large and double; a vigorous 
grower and generous bloomer. . 


John Hopper. Bright pink, crimson center ; large, full; good. bloomer. 
La Reine. Glossy pink; large, fine form ; very fragrant. One of the hardiest. 


Paul Neyron. Deep rose; very large, very full; somewhat fragrant; free- 
blooming. The largest variety known. 


Victor Verdier. Clear rose ; globular, of fine form, and a free bloomer ; superb. 


[cs Of the Select and Standard Roses we offer a full list, and all who order 
from us cannot fail to be pleased with the fine stock sent out. Write for prices 
on large lots of Roses. 


32 WILLIAMS & BERNARDIN, PARSONS, KANSAS 


MOSS ROSES. 


Capt. John Ingram. Purple-crimson; medium size ; very double. 
Countess of Murinais. White, slightly tinged with flesh. The best white Moss. 


Crested Moss. Deep pink buds, surrounded with mossy fringe and crest; fra- 
grant. One of the best. 


Glory of Mosses. Pale rose; very large, full and beautiful. 


Luxembourg. Large, cupped; fine purplish crimson; luxuriant in growth 
and bloom. 


CLIMBING ROSES. 


These are admirably adapted for covering walls, trellises, old trees, unsightly 
buildings, etc. Their rapid growth, perfect hardiness, luxuriant foliage and immense 
clusters of beautiful flowers commend them at once to every one. 


Crimson Rambler. This remarkable Rose was originally received from Japan. 
The plant is of vigorous growth, making shoots of from 8 to to feet high in a season, 
and is therefore a most desirable climbing variety, though it also may be grown in 
bush form. The flowers hold their beautiful crimson color a long time without fading, 
and give a most magnificent effect in contrast to the bright, glossy foliage. Is 
entirely hardy and the greatest acquisition among Roses for the past ten years. 


Yellow Rambler (Aglaia). This is a very notable introduction, in the fact that 
it is the only yellow climbing Rose with any degree of hardiness. It is a worthy 
companion to Crimson Rambler, belonging to the same family, and much resembling 
it in manner of blooming, growth, etc. The flowers are borne in the same immense 
trusses, frequently roo to 120 in a cluster. They are a decided yellow, cup-shaped, 
very fragrant, and last a long time without fading. 


Baltimore Belle. Fine white, with blush center; very full and double. 
Grevillea, or Seven Sisters. Large clusters of bloom, shaded to dark red. 


Queen of the Prairies. 
Bright rose color; large, 
i \ <A compact and globular; a 
AY , J very profuse bloomer. One 
INS: of the best. 


MISCELLANEOUS 
ROSES. 


Madame Plantier( Hybrid 
China). Pure white ; above 
medium size, full, flat form. 
A spring bloomer; very 
strong and vigorous; excel- 
lent for massing or hedges. 


Persian Yellow. Deep 
golden yellow flowers; 
double, and very fine. 


Mary Washington. A 
new __ perpetual - blooming 
hardy Rose, with long, 
pointed buds. Blooms from 
early spring till late autumn; 
of unsurpassed’ fragrance. 
From Mt. Vernon gardens 
originally. 

Vick’s Caprice. Beauti- 
ful pink flowers of fine size, 
striped and dashed with 
white and carmine; espe- 
cially pretty in bud form. A 
: very vigorous and_ free- 
Vick’s Caprice. blooming Rose. 


olds 


vse he 


| el a 


DISTANCES TO SET STOCK. 


Peleiiess Neem Gurr eRe eto a Ay kis mane tgs 2O.x 20° feet, 4s trees >. per acre: 
eae MRTIRLAN heath ainen 2 ec el neh eee te BS Q5 74 2a tie ek 
Rents warty... eo kh ame MIN cia os Te TD, | BOO ear ey 2s 
Peaches, Plums and i PHENE Ra SO eae cr ere yma fe. a > Re Lag Moos 
Strong-growing Cherries VaREN Maier ote gees. SUEKO O'S Ro pee - fe 
Pukeyand Moreilo>C hermes cio ys Pe 2S we 18 le es ee Ee 
Mares bw eake Wire Rect EP cia PAL AA SOK ON hae 275° vines ‘‘ ‘2 
Asparagus, 2... *%. Sire Ret ae a We, Ree ARNO eae OGG A OLATIIS: 505° 7 
PiartanisranelsGcmsebenicss: on) 2. 5. ake) Pag OA 2, 196" bushes: #s 
hespbertics alidemnackbettesus: st. .0 c tS.. 3m, Ok Bae Cplants. «:%. 
SUM DI Re Sie eee kee che Ma A esc de apie A Xe Bowe LACS OOP Foe eget 


It would not be advisable, in any of the above cases, to shorten the distances ; 
better lengthen them out a lit.le than lessen them. 


RULE.—In finding the number of plants or trees that a piece of ground will hold, 
determine the distances you are to set them apart; step out your piece of ground to 
find how many rows you will have; also find how many plants or trees it will take 
for each row; find the product of the two, and you will have the number that you 
want. 


INDEX 


‘ Page Page 

OCS roa ee ee tern ty 9 | redselPlants: Decidueus  \7r i. e204. 29 
PMO fen ees fre, ae eae co TA. | Unebertye lmprovedseb) wath, 5. 2 DA 
pas acters eee eyo. | Neches cyt acc Ou ret cea eons EA 
Bich beriics; 222 oe ee. 22 | Oruanrental Prées: <2 S.., maby S252 
Miers en eee se te teeny oe, eS ~| Peaches ‘ soba Bae cit 7 
Baten we et RS tiny eA eae oe es okra Soe FB keen 9-11 
Been PCs Ais a ea, Sate ee On etre Gaye MPI ewig ook. te Deh es ne BEA 
Pe Miigieditier seer ts te Se eth Da OS OMIM SE at Ging PSs eee eS 17 
Werrbeure see. St s. Bis ote fh 28e | MASP DE LIES. : OM one COT aD 
Ee GOCE ee ig a BE EE a ke ioe OY | Rhubarb, or Pie Pienin Rigi Saets ae 24 
PSOMSCWEhiICS am rt meke eek ee 24 VR IROSESI ke agen Wome eee Lee (6 BORD 
ADCS ee or eae hegre epee ea TOO oh: Shas Deciduous teats eto eS 
Hardy Climbing and Trailing Sis Detnieee =) 9. eae ee BO; 21 
SDs alates vay Cees Mir oG 03 Yucca, or Spanish Pari: Bana a eetieeeter 3) 


8748A 25113 00 _d. HORACE MCFARLAND. CO., HORTICULTURAL FRINTEPS, HARRISBURG, Ph. 


eee 
G))}} 
V4 jf 


Williams & Bernardin 


Wholesale Nurserymen 


PARSONS ... KANSAS