Historic, Archive Document
Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge,
policies, or practices.
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Established 1850.
48th Year.
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DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE
OF
Fruit & Ornamental Trees,
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J SHRUBS, VINES
'I ^PLPLANTS.
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!| CULTIVATED AND FOR SALE BY
f ^Franklin Davis Nursery Co.,
X BALTIMORE AND RICHMOND NURSERIES,
BALTIMORE, MD., RICHHOND, VA.
RICHMOND OFFICE:
918 MAIN STREET, Up=stairs.
BALTIMORE OFFICES:
N E. Cor. BALTIMORE AND PACA STS.
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....CONTEXTS
PAGE.
Preface 2
General Instructions G
Fruit Department 11
Nut-Bearing Trees 55
Esculent Roots 79
Hedge Plants 79
Ornamental Department 8(J
Climbers and Creepers 9(>
Hardy Herbaceous Flowering Plants 98
Roses 99
Enemies of Fruit Trees and Plants lot
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE
Fruit and Ornamental
Trees, Shrubs,
Vines and Plants,
CULTIVATFD AND FOR SALE BY
The Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
BALTIMORE and RICHMOND NURSERIES,
Baltimore, Md.; Richmond, Va.
BALTIMORE OFFICE : N. E. Cor. Baltimore and Paca Sts.
RICHMOND OFFICE: 918 Main Street, up stairs.
T IS once more our pleasure to present to our friends and patrons a new-
edition of our Descriptive Catalogue of Fruit and Ornamental
Trees, Etc., and in doing so we tender to them our sincere thanks for
the many expressions of encouragement and substantial aid they have
given us. We will endeavor in the future, as Ave have in the past, by
strict personal attention to business, to merit their patronage and good
will.
The lamented Downing said, in the introduction to his work on fruit and fruit-trees,
that "A man born on the banks of one of the noblest and most fruitful rivers in America,
and whose best days have been spent in gardens and orchards, may perhaps be pardoned
for talking about fruit-trees." We must claim indulgence, for similar reasons. Forty of the
best years of our life have been devoted to the nursery and fruit-growing business ; and if
we seem to urge these subjects beyond the rules of propriety, our apology is, that we think
we are working in a good cause and for the good of our fellow-men. He says further : " In-
deed, the subject deserves not a few, but man)- words. Fine fruit is the flower of commodi-
ties. It is the most perfect union of the useful and the beautiful that the earth knows. Trees
full of soft foliage ; blossoms fresh with spring beauty ; and finally fruit, rich, bloom-dusted,
melting and luscious. Such are the treasures of the orchard and the garden temptingly
offered to every landholder in this bright and sunny though temperate climate." We are
pleased to note an increasing interest throughout the whole country in the cultivation of the
useful and beautiful. Both fruits and flowers are more highly appreciated by the masses
than formerly, and we regard it as a most happy indication, not only in the effect it will have
upon the health of the body, but also in the softening influence it will have on the harsher
feelings of our npLare.
Since our last Descriptive Catalogue was sent out, the demand for trees from our
nurseries has increased to such an extent that we have been forced to greatly extend our
operations in order to supply that demand. This increased demand for our products, we
must conclude, has been induced, to a great extent, by the superiority of the stock sent out
from this establishment. The capacity of the " Richmond Nurseries " was taxed to its full-
est extent, and we realized that our trade could not be properly and profitably extended
further except we established a branch nursery at some other convenient shipping point. In
1877 we commenced plantings at Baltimore, at the same time continuing our large plantings
at Richmond, and to-day our Richmond and Baltimore Nurseries are among the largest in
the world ; and our facilities for growing first-class nursery stock, packing orders rapidly
accurately and in the best manner, are not to be equalled by any other nursery in the country.
Every season our trees are shipped north, west and south by the thousand and tens of
thousands, and we flatter ourselves that the steady and marked increase in our trade is
evidence of the fact that our stock cannot be excelled, and that the trees we have sent out
in former years have, in every respect, proved satisfactory. In the autumn of 1867 we sent
163 varieties of Apples to the grand exhibition of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society,
held at Philadelphia, Pa., and there, amidst all competition, were not only awarded the first
premium, but the committee, in consideration of the very extraordinary display, voted us a
diploma to further show their appreciation of our splendid collection. In 1877, at the exhi-
bition of the American Pomological Society at Baltimore, we were awarded a "Wilder"
medal for the largest and finest collection of Apples. With these and other evidences of our
success, and the many encouraging words of our friends, we do not feel like relaxing our
efforts, but, on the other hand, are induced to push on with renewed energy ; and while w*
are adding to our acres we are also watching closely all the new fruits that are brought tu
notice throughout the country. If their merits seem to justify it, we add them to our lisL
^and at the same time discard those that have proved less valuable. Our Catalogue is, there-
Descriptive Catalogue.
3
fore, under revision all the time, and every succeeding list that we make is an improvement
upon the one preceding it. We now call special attention to our list of Apples and Peaches,
which contains several new and valuable sorts ; our selection of Grapes and Strawberries
is also greatly improved by the addition of new varieties.
There are three considerations that claim the attention of purchasers of nursery stock :
First, it is of the greatest importance to procure a fine article, true to name. Secondly, it
is of vital importance to secure good, healthy stock, for without a healthy plant to begin
with, we have but a poor chance of success ; one healthy stock is worth a dozen sickly ones.
Thirdly, success often depends on careful packing; without it thousands of dollars' worth
of trees are annually lost.
To secure the first, we have tested in our specimen orchards nearly all the leading va-
rieties of fruit, and our orchards, being planted in different localities, enable us to judge the
merits of the fruit and its success in different soils and situations. We will propagate
largely only of sorts we know will succeed in the section in which we intend selling them.
Secondly, we will send out nothing but good stock. Thirdly, our packing will be done in
the best manner, and by experienced hands, so as to insure the safe transit of the trees.
Budded Apple-trees. The superiority of this mode of propagation has long been
acknowledged by intelligent nurserymen and orchardists, yet nine-tenths of the Apple trees
sold are root-grafted. Nurserymen have not grown budded trees, for the reason that it
costs more to propagate in that way than it does to root-graft, and it has been difficult to get
many planters to pay that additional cost ; but we are glad to see the people in some sec.
tions awakening to their interests. In the west some of the pomological societies have
passed resolutions condemning root-grafting, and their members resolving that they will
<ml v plant budded trees. We do not wish to wait to be led in the path of duty ; our aim is
to go ahead and do the best we know for our patrons. We have staked a large sum in get-
ting up a splendid stock of this sort, relying upon the better judgment of purchasers to sus-
tain us in the enterprise. There has been much complaint for many, years of trees dying
prematurely in orchards, sometimes even before they had arrived at a bearing age. Upon
examination the trouble would sometimes be found at the root, arfd frequently just above
ground, at which point the bark would be found cracked or blackened. This latter trouble
does not always kill the tree at once, but often causes it to die prematurely. These ills can,
to a great extent, be obviated by planting budded trees. We have not space here to discuss
the question fully, and will only attempt to point out a few of the reasons why the budded
ones are best.
In the first place, in piece-root grafting we take a seedling stock, cut the root up in
pieces of about two inches in length, sometimes making five or six cuts out of one root ; into
each one of these we insert a graft three or four inches in length ; when these are set out in
the nursery-row the graft is placed so that only about one inch remains above ground —
therefore, two or three inches of the scion is placed in the ground and thus quite out of its
proper element. The ground is the place for the root, but the scion should be where it can
get light and air. Trees grown from rodt-grafts are more like cuttings than nature's plants.
The roots from these small pieces cannot be so well developed as to properly feed the tree
or hold it up ; hence they are frequently uprooted by storms, when those with a better sys-
tem of roots stand firm. To grow budded trees we must plant the whole stock, with its
crown at the surface, as nature produced it. The bud is inserted several inches above, thus
leaving the natural seedling stock near the ground, it being more hardy and better able to
resist the severe changes of wet and dry, heat and cold, than the scion of the root-graft,
which is several inches below its proper place ; then we have the whole root, strong and un-
impaired by division, to feed and develop the bud. It needs no argument to convince those
who have seen the roots of budded and root-grafted trees that the former are much more
numerous and more perfect in their development than the latter, and as the tree is not only
held in its place by its roots, but also receives the most of its nourishment through them, it
is plain to see why it will grow larger, live longer, and bear more when budded than if
grown from a root-graft. We do not propose to stop growing root-grafted trees at once, for
the reason that it would be suicidal to our pecuniary interests to do so, as there are persons
who are "penny-wise and pound foolish," who will not be convinced that one thing looking to
their eyes as good as another is not just as good ; for, to the unpracticed eye, root-grafted
trees standing in the nursery-row look just as well above ground as budded ones do ; but
4
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
we will convince them as fast as we can that, in making an improvement of such an impor-
tant character as planting as orchard, there is no economy in saving a few dollars by pur-
chasing an inferior article. Select the best, so that they will endure for the longest pos-
sible time, and not have your hopes blasted by your trees failing at the time you expected
something from them. It costs four to six times as much for stocks to begin with ; then it
requires one year longer to grow them from bud ; and, again, root-grafting is done in-doors
during the winter months, when nurserymen can do but little out of doors, while budding
must be done in the summer season and out of doors, when labor costs more than in winter
time. So our patrons can see that it costs us fully the difference in price asked for the trees.
There is just as much or more money for the nurserymen growing root-grafted stock as there
is in the other. We have gone largely into growing budded trees, because we know they are
the best. Our root-grafted ones are as good as any grown, and while purchasers will have
them we will give them as good as can be produced.
We do not propose to grow cheap stock, but the best, and our price for the same will be
as reasonable as we can afford. We ask a comparison of prices with other first-class houses.
Our collection embraces not only those varieties best suited to Virginia, West Virginia,
Maryland, North Carolina and Tennessee, but also the most profitable sorts for the North-
ern, Southern and Western States. Keeping up a correspondence with nurserymen and
fruit-growers in different parts of the country, we are enabled to secure anything new of
value that is brought to notice, either in this or in foreign countries. We will, however, be
careful in recommending new varieties until they are thoroughly tested, as much disappoint-
ment has been experienced by planters by going into untried sorts on the recommendation
of parties pecuniarily interested in the sale of such. We do not claim infallibility — errors
will sometimes happen and mistakes occur ; but if strict attention to business and personal
supervision of the nursery operations will insure correctness, we think but few mistakes will
occur ; but, should any be found, we will cheerfully make all amends in our power for the
same. Amongst the many hundreds of varieties in cultivation we have made a select list»
and described such as we deem most worthy of cultivation, yet in the additional list will be
found many valuable sorts that will be desirable for the amateur ; but to the orchardist we
would say, plant but few sorts if you are planting for profit, and let that selection be judi-
ciously made. It is a grave error to plant very many sorts.
Now, all the region of the country east of the Blue Ridge, in proximity to railroads or
steamboat navigation, might be very profitably employed for fruit-growing purposes. We
would say to those in the tide-water region, plant early varieties, they will pay you the best ;
and to the people westward we would say, after supplying your local markets, plant mostly
of winter apples and grapes — you will find it profitable to ship them to this and other mar-
kets. The question is often asked, Will not the markets soon be overstocked with fruits?
We say emphatically, No ! While the production of fruit has been greatly increased in the
last twenty years, the demand has been greater than the supply. Much better prices are
now obtained than ever before. The improved and increased facilities for canning and dry-
ing green fruits to be used out of season, as well as the increased use of the same by al-
most every family in the land, tends to create a demand that will hardly be supplied by the
present generation.
That veteran pomologist, J. J. Thomas, says: "The cultivation of fruit has been re-
tarded by a mistaken estimate of the time required for a young tree to come into bearing,
but this error is fast giving way before skillful culture. It has become well known that he
who plants trees plants for himself as well as for his children. Bad treatment may long
retard the growth and bearing of a tree, but give it for a few years a mellow, clean and fer-
tile soil, and the wide-spreading branches will soon bend under copious loads of fruit. To
adduce instances : in a single garden apple trees, the fifth year from setting out, yielded a
bushel each ; peach trees the third summer bore three pecks ; and a Bartlett pear two
years from transplanting gave a peck of superb fruit. None of them were an inch in diam-
eter when transplanted, nor was their treatment better than that which every good farmer
gives his carrots and potatoes.
" The profits arising from the cultivation and sale of the best fruit are becoming well
understood by skillful planters. Even under ordinary management, good apple orchards
yield more than the best farm crops. From fifty to one hundred dollars per acre is a com-
mon yearly return, while to those who give their orchards the best attention in culture and
Descriptive Catalogue.
5
pruning, and carefully thin out, assort, pack in the best manner and ship to markets where
their reputation is known, the finest sorts have often yielded an annual return of two to
three hundred dollars per acre. With such fruits as strawberries, grapes and pears, where
more knowledge and skill are required in raising, picking and marketing, still larger
profits have been obtained. Strawberries, as commonly raised, bring an annual return of
two or three hundred dollars per acre ; but the best managers, who obtain large and deli-
cious fruit by high culture, clipping the runners, assorting and packing, and securing before-
hand good markets, rarely fail of obtaining eight hundred to one thousand dollars. Ordi-
nary varieties of grapes have commonly yielded, by good management, a net profit of three
to five hundred dollars annually, except in unfavorable seasons, and some sorts a much
larger sum. The pear crop, liable to many vicissitudes, has frequently yielded five hundred
dollars, and sometimes even double this amount, and will doubtless continue to do so to
those who understand the selection of the most productive and healthy sorts and the proper
treatment they require.
" It is not, however, merely as a source of income that the cultivation of the finer sorts
becomes profitable. The family which is at all times supplied with delicious and refreshing
fruit from its own gardens, has within its reach not only a very important means of economy,
but of real domestic comfort. An influence is thus introduced of an exalted character. A ten-
dency is directly exerted towards the improvement of the manners of the people. Every
addition to the attraction of home has a salutary bearing on a rising family of children.
The difference between a dwelling with well-planted grounds and well-furnished with every
rural enjoyment, and another where scarcely a single fruit tree softens the bleakness and
desolation, may, in many instances, to a young man ust approaching active life, prove the
turning influence between a life of virtue and refinement on the one hand, and one of dissipa-
tion and ruin from the effects of a repulsive home on the other. Nor can any man, even in the
noon or approaching evening of life, scarcely fail to enjoy a higher happiness, with at least
an occasional intercourse with the blossoming and loaded trees which his own hand has
planted and pruned, than in the noise of the crowd and tumult of the busy world."
A change has taken place in the labor system of the Southern states, and with it comes
a change in the pursuits of many of their people. Many are looking about undecided as to
what they shall undertake. We believe that fruit-growing offers greater inducements than
anything else. Under this conviction we have gone largely into the business ourselves, and
say to others, "go and do likewise ;" and if you give it proper attention, we will guarantee
satisfactory returns.
Maryland is already noted for her extensive peach orchards, which are indeed a large
and profitable interest in the state ; yet, there is room to extend them far beyond their pres-
ent proportions, and with great certainty of profitable results. Other fruits are very prop-
erly receiving more attention throughout the state.
Virginia, from her climate, soil and geographical position, must at no distant date be-
come famous for the products of her orchards ; and whosoever does the most to bring this
about must be looked upon as a public benefactor. To this end we aspire.
offices: FRANKLIN DfiVIS NURSERY CO.,
Jfja-SSSESa^ BaU°" ^ Ba,timore and R^mond Nurseries.
6
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
To Correspondents.
In the transaction of any business, a mutual desire for mutual satisfaction between par-
ties should prevail. Let us, then, ask of our patrons an observance of the following requests :
That all orders addressed to us be written out in a legible style, and the name in full,
that no mistakes may occur.
That particular and plain directions be given how they wish their packages marked,
and by what route sent, and to whose care consigned. When no route is designated, we
will send by the one we deem most advisable ; but let it be distinctly understood that we
will, in no case, be responsible for any loss or damage that may occur after we have deliv-
ered them to the forwarders. They alone are responsible.
While we exercise the greatest care to have all our trees and plants true to name, well-
grown, and packed in the best possible manner, and hold ourselves in readiness, on proper
proof, to replace all trees or plants that may accidentally prove untrue to label, free of
charge, or refund the amount paid therefor, it is mutually understood and agreed to between
the purchaser and ourselves that our guarantee of genuineness shall in no case make us
liable for any sum greater than that originally received for trees or plants that prove untrue.
Our reputation for upright dealing, and the uniformly high standard of quality of our pro-
ducts, the result of a forty years' business career, is our only guarantee to our customers.
When orders are received specifying the kinds wanted, the purchaser will please say
whether we shall fill up with other varieties, should some of those which he has ordered be
exhausted. We will, so far as in our power, give him his choice ; but when the varieties
specified cannot all be furnished, or are known to be unworthy of cultivation, we will take
the liberty of substituting others in their place, unless special orders are given to the con-
trary. When the purchaser is not well acquainted with the fruit by name, he would do well
to leave the selection to us, briefly stating at what season he wishes the fruit to ripen ; and
in such case we will exercise our best judgment in making a judicious and profitable selec-
tion of the standard sorts and of good trees.
Prompt attention will be given to all letters requesting information, all of which should
enclose a postage stamp.
It is expected that orders for trees from those with whom we have no acquaintance will
be accompanied with the cash or a suitable reference.
Our terms are invariably cash, or a negotiable note of short time, satisfactorily
endorsed, made payable at bank.
To all the points where the express companies have an office we can send trees marked
C. O. U. This will save the purchaser, as well as ourselves, some trouble.
When the cash accompanies the order, no charge is made for packing.
From past experience we have learned that we cannot afford to delay collections, and
must henceforth insist upon prompt payment. Our business is attended with heavy
expenses, and we must have the cash to push it.
Trees, plants, etc., will be carefully taken up, each kind tied by itself and labeled, and
the roots packed so as to carry safely.
A liberal discount will be made to nurserymen, or others wishing to buy to sell again.
Hints on Transplanting.
Transplanting.— The proper season for transplanting fruit trees is during the months
of October, November and December, in the autumn ; and February, March and April, in
the spring ; or at any time after the cessation of growth in autumn until they commence
budding in the spring. The autumn is preferred, as giving the ground an opportunit}- to
become firmly settled around the roots during the winter, so that the trees will be ready to
grow off without interruption at the first impulse of nature in the spring. The ground should
be well prepared by at least two good ploughings. Let sub-soil plough follow in the furrow
of the other, loosening up the earth to the depth of twelve to eighteen inches. We consider
this much better than the usual mode of digging deep holes, which in tenacious clay will
hold water like a basin, to the injury of the tree. If the ground is not in good condition, it
should be made so by the application of a considerable portion of well-decomposed manure,
or fertilizer of some substantial kind. Most soils would be benefited by the application of
Descriptive Catalogue.
7
a good coat of lime or wood-ashes, which should be well mixed with the soil. When the
ground is prepared, dig the holes sufficiently large to admit the roots, giving them their
natural position as near as practicable. Use the surface soil for filling in, having it first well
pulverized. If it is not rich, add good mould to make it so ; that found immediately under
the leaves in the woods is very good for the purpose. Avoid deep planting, for it is deci-
dedly injurious to the tree, and when excessive, may cause its death, or a weak and feeble
growth. Plant no deeper than it stood in the nursery.
Preparing the Roots.— Immediately before planting, all the bruised or wounded
parts, where cut with the spade, should be pared off smoothly, to prevent decay, and to
enable them to heal over by granulations during the growth of the tree. Then dip them in
a bed of mud, which will coat over every part evenly, and leave no portion in contact with
the air, which, accidentally, might not be reached by the earth in filling the hole. The use of
water in settling the earth among the roots will be found eminently serviceable. Let there
be a few quarts poured in while the hole is filling up. If the trees have been out of the
ground for a long time, and have become dry and shriveled, they should be immersed in
water twenty-four hours before planting. Fruit trees sometimes remain with fresh and green
branches, but with unswollen buds, till mid-summer ; instead of watering such at the roots,
let the body and branches be wet every evening regularly, about sundown, with a watering
pot ; this will, in nearly all cases, bring them into active growth.
Shortening- in the Branches. — However carefully trees may be taken up, they will
lose a portion of their roots, and if the whole top is allowed to remain, the demand will be so
great upon the roots that in many cases it will prove fatal to the tree. To obviate this, then,
it becomes necessary to shorten-in the branches, which should be done at the time of plant-
ing, and in a manner to correspond with the loss of roots. If the tree has lost the greater
portion of its roots, a severe shortening-in of the branches will be necessary ; if only a small
portion of the roots has been cut off, more moderate pruning will be sufficient. Particular
attention to this matter will save many trees that otherwise would perish.
Mulching. — This is another very important matter, particularly in this climate, where
we frequently experie ice severe midsummer droughts. It consists in covering the ground
about the tree with coarse litter, straw, leaves, shavings, or anything that will shade the
ground and prevent evaporation. It should be done early in the spring, and will, in most
cases, obviate the necessity of watering at the root. We cannot too earnestly insist upon
the momentous importance of mulching. We have known orchards planted, where more
than half the number died when mulching was neglected ; while, on the other hand, we
have witnessed trees set out under the same circumstances and in like manner, and treated
similarly, save only that they were well mulched, and not a single one was lost ; they not
only all grew, but made four times the growth of the others.
Instead of staking, let the earth be banked up around the tree, so as to keep it erect un-
til it gets sufficiently rooted to stand without support.
Cultivating. — When the transplanting is finished, many persons are under the impres-
sion that their work is done, and they can do nothing more for the tree. But this is a very
mistaken idea. It is a very important matter to have them well planted, but doubly impor-
tant to have them well cultivated afterwards. Enveloped in weeds and grass, what plant
can flourish? What farmer would think for an instant of raising a crop of Indian corn in
the thick and tall grass of a meadow? Such an idea, he would at once say, would be pre-
posterous. We will say that it is not more impossible than the idea of raising a thrifty
orchard under the same treatment. It is indispensably necessary that the ground should be
well cultivated to obtain fine fruit. From the neglect of this arises so much of the dissatis-
faction of tree planters. Give to your trees for a few years a clean, mellow and fertile soil,
and they will bend under copious loads of fine fruit, and yield to the cultivator his reward.
One experiment only is enough to convince any one of the advantage of good culture.
Dwarf Pears, more than any other trees, require a deep, rich soil, and clean cultivation. In
cultivating, great care should be taken not to injure the trees by rubbing the bark off. The
best crops for an orchard are those requiring summer culture — such as potatoes, beans, etc.
Winter crops are little better than no culture. Rye is decidedly injurious.
Pruning. — We recommend the greatest care and moderation in this operation, believing,
as we do, that upon the whole there is more injury done by the use of pruning instruments
in unskillful hands than would result from its entire neglect. Some of the objects sought are
8
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
to diminish the thick growth, to increase the vigor of the branches, to admit light and air.
and to form a well-shaped top. We are opposed to the two common practice of trimming up
trees as high as a man's head, leaving a long, naked stem exposed to the ravages of insects
and the deleterious effects of sun and wind, as well as other sudden and extreme changes of
the atmosphere. If a tree be allowed to branch near the ground, its danger from these ills
will be lessened, and it will grow much stronger and faster, bear more fruit, which will be
more easily gathered, less liable to be blown down, and we may add, better every way. If
watched closely when young and growing, it will never become necessary to take off large
limbs. Occasional pinching or cropping off of the ends of branches to give the tree proper
shape, and removing those that cross or crowd each other, will be all that will be needed
by most trees. Peach trees would be greatly benefited by an annual shortening-in of
the branches, say one-half of the previous year's growth; this may be done at any time
after the fall of the leaf until the buds commence swelling in the spring ; they never need
any thinning-out of the branches. Dwarf Pears also need careful attention annuallv, to
keep them in shape, by cutting back the rampant and straggling shoots ; they should be
pruned down instead of up, never allowing them to grow high, or the top will become too
heavy for the roots, and increase the danger of blowing down.
Our space is too limited to give instructions on pruning the grape. To those wishing
information on this subject, as well as more detailed instruction in fruit-culture generally,
we commend the works named below, which can be had of the principal booksellers :
Fuller's Grape Culturist. ,
Fuller's Small-Fruit Culturist.
Downing' s Fruits and Fruit Trees of America.
The American Fruit Culturist. By J. J. Thomas.
American Pomology. By Dr. John A. Warder.
Barry's Fruit-Garden. By P. Barry.
Quinn's Pear Culture for Profit.
Peach Culture and Diseases. By John Rutter.
We also refer, for much useful information on these subjects, to the many horticultural
and pomological publications in different parts of the country.
Tr^atroeot of Trees Corning to H&nd Out
of Se&^orj.
It sometimes happens that trees are received in a frosted state ; but if they are properly
managed they will not be injured by it. Let the package be put, unopened, in a cellar, or
some such place — cool, but free from frost — until it is perfectly thawed, when it can be un-
packed, and either planted or placed in a trench until convenient to plant. Trees received
in the fall for spring planting should at once be unpacked, and a trench dug in a rather dry,
sheltered position, when the roots should be well covered. So treated, they will be pre-
served without the least injury until spring. If they should come to hand late in the spring,
and appear much dried, plunge the bundle into a pool of water, there to remain for twenty-
four hours, or more if very much wilted. After this it should be unpacked, and the roots
and half the stems should be buried in soil made quite wet by watering ; there let them re-
main until the bark expands to its natural fullness, when they may be taken up and planted
as before directed, and we will guarantee you a good reward for your labor.
Tb* Growth of Tre*s.
As many persons are unacquainted with the varied growth of the different varieties of
fruit trees, and are dissatisfied with the difference in appearance of their trees, we will
briefly give a few examples, thereby hoping to avoid a most unpleasant difficulty sometimes
taking place between the inexperienced purchaser and the nurseryman. For instance :
Were a customer to order a lot of apple trees, naming amongst them American Summer
Pearmain, Hall, Newtown Pippin, Porter, etc., he would get some of the finest varieties under
culture, but the trees would be small ; consequently, the nurseryman must suffer a severe
lecture — and, next, his neighbors would be advised not to patronize that man, for his trees are
too small. Should he order a lot of Summer Sweet Paradise, Summer Queen, Smokehouse,
Descriptive Catalogue.
9
Rhode Island Greening, Winesap, and Roxbury Russet, he would get large, rapid-growing
trees and choice fruit, but so crooked and twisted as again to displease the purchaser. But
should he send for Bullock Pippin, Baltzley, Paradise, Baldwin, Horse, Yates, Domine, etc..
he would receive large, well-formed trees, which would please his eye, and no doubt cause
him to advise his neighbors to purchase there. Yet some of the fruit would be quite inferior
to that of the other lists.
Then let us advise purchasers to study the habit of growth of the different varieties
they order, that they may not meet with disappointment by expecting what they cannot ob-
tain. It is a lamentable fact that some nurserymen took too much to the growth of a tree;
they cultivate it more for its prepossessing appearance than the good qualities of its fruit,
and discard some of the most valuable sorts on account of their slow and crooked growth.
We hope the day is not far distant when purchasers will be familiar with the varieties they
order, as well as with their habit of growth. So long as they continue to be guided in mak-
ing selections by beautiful names and handsome-looking trees they will meet with disap-
pointment.
Proper /\g* svpd 5ize of Trzzs for Transplanting.
A very decided change has taken place in the opinion of a majority of planters as to the
proper size of trees for removal to the orchard. At one time they must have trees eight to ten
feet high ; large enough to bear fruit at once. Experience has taught them that a small,
young tree, set at the same time, will in a few years overtake and pass the large one, and
continue more vigorous and productive. It is in the vegetable as in the animal kingdom.
Let an aged animal have a limb broken, or receive a severe cut or bruise, and it will be
long before it fairly recovers from the injury ; but let a young one receive the same injury,
and it will soon recover from the effect ; so also with a young plant or tree ; it possesses
more vitality, more recuperative power, than the old one.
Large trees are necessarily or unavoidably more injured in digging than small ones.
The latter can be moved with their system of roots almost entire. This is one reason win-
there is less risk in planting small trees. The orchardist, too, has them more under his con-
trol— can better shape the head to please the fancy. We extract the following from the
writings of that eminent pomologist, Dr. John A. Warder :
" Peaches should always be removed at one year from the bud ; plums and dwarf pears
will be ready to grow off at two years from the bud or graft ; so with apples and cherries. But
many persons, purchasers and sellers, prefer large trees, and they recommend that the trees
should remain one, two, or even three years longer in the nursery. Others, a new school
of planters, prefer to set out the maiden tree in most of the species above named, except
some very feeble-growing varieties, that will scarcely have attained sufficient size to risk in
the orchard. The nurseryman should beware of keeping his trees too long on his hands ;
they may become unprofitable stock, and are sure to require much more labor in the digging
and handling. The purchaser is his own master, and his tastes and wishes must be con-
sulted ; if he wants large trees, by all means let him be indulged. He will have to pa)' in
proportion ; he will have more wood for his money ; more weight to carry or transportation
to pay for ; more labor in planting, and vastly increased risk of the life of his trees ; but let
him be indulged with his five-year-old trees. While his neighbor, for a smaller sum in-
vested, with less freight, less wood, less labor, and infinitely less risk, will plant his maiden
trees, and five years hence will market more fruit."
Another says : " Six years ago I concluded to plant an apple orchard. I went to the
nursery, intending to get three or four-year-old trees, but was too late — they were most all
sold ; so I bought 450 two years old, and a few three years. I planted them, with the help
of the nurserymen, and only lost one tree. Pleased with my success, the next spring I
planted 275 more ; this time I got those three years old, that looked more like trees, from the
same lot as the first ; of these I lost about 20 — gave them the same care and cultivation ; and
to-day any one seeing them would suppose the first planting one or two years the older;
and the three years old, planted the first year, are not equal to the others. Not being quite
satisfied, the next year I planted 1,000 four years old. I saved the most of them — that is,
they just lived, that's all, and are now large, awkward-looking, stunted trees, with no shape
or symmetry. I shall have to wait until they make a growth, and then cut it half away,
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Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
and then they will not suit me. My trees first planted are fine in form and thrifty, and this
year I expect from them a good lot of apples, while the others have no appearance of fruit."
W hile we have a desire to please our customers, we do not want to do it at their expense.
We want the result to be to their advantage. We, therefore, with the light before us,
unhesitatingly recommend planting young trees. They do not make so much show at 6rstt
but in less than five years the result will be highly gratifying to the planter.
Distances for Planting.
Standard Apple not less than
Standard Pear and large-growing Cherry 20
Duke and Morello Cherries 18
Standard Plum, Peach, Apricot and Nectarine 15 to 20
Quince 12
Dwarf Pear, Apple and Cherry 10
Dwarf Cherries of the Dukes and Morellos 8
Currants, Gooseberries and Raspberries 4 to 5
Grapes 6 to 10
33 feet apart each way.
Nurnber of Tr^s on an Acr* at Various
Distance?.
3 feet apart each way 4.840
4 " " 2>722
5 " " !>742
6 " " 1,210
8 " " 680
10 " " 435
12 " " 302
15 " " *93
18 " " 134
20 " " 108
25 " 69
30 " 48
33 " " 40
Descriptive Catalogue.
Fruit Dep&rtrpept.
SELECT APPLES.
"The Apple," says Downing, " is the world-renowned fruit of temperate climates."
Although not possessed of the richness and melting and delicious qualities of the Pear or
Peach, yet, from its adaptation to a great variety of soils, together with the long time through
which many varieties can be kept in a fresh state, its various uses, and the profits accruing
from its cultivation as a market fruit, it must be regarded as holding the very first rank
among fruits. There is no country in the world where it attains such perfection as it does
in this, nor where its cultivation can be made more profitable than in Virginia and Maryland.
Many fine varieties have been introduced from abroad, but those originating in our own soil
fill, in the main, the pages of this Catalogue. We have endeavored to cull from the hun-
dreds of names such varieties, mainly, as are best adapted to the middle and southern por-
tions of the Union, although many of them succeed well in all parts of the country. It is
evident that some Apples that are highly esteemed in one locality are worthless when re-
moved to another soil or climate of a different character ; and hence has come so much dis-
appointment and loss to those who have planted Northern Winter varieties, which for the
most part become Fall Apples when brought here— our long, hot summers causing them to
speck and drop early in the fall, even before they are ripe or fit for use. Their summer and
some of their fall varieties succeed very well ; a few of their Winter Apples also do well ;
but these are the exception ; the majority fail, and are not worth planting. On the other
hand, as we carry the Southern Winter varieties northward, their season of maturity be-
comes later and their time of keeping is extended to a later period. We have now under
cultivation several winter varieties of Southern, origin which we regard as valuable acquisi-
tions. They are fruits of the first quality, and of course will be reliable keepers here. Some
of the very best sorts have originated in this state, and we are aware that there are yet valu-
able ones deserving extensive planting, and we hope those who have them in possession
will bring them to public notice, that they may not be lost.
We have for some time been aware that early Apples would prove to be one of the
most profitable crops in Eastern Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina, wherever facilities
are offered for convenient shipping to Northern cities. Time fixes this conviction more
deeply in our minds, and the products of a few orchards that have been sent to these mar-
kets have encouraged a great spirit for planting ; but the orchardist is at a loss to say
what varieties to plant, knowing, as he does that a great error may be committed in select-
ing sorts that will not do well. First, he wants those that bear well ; secondly, a fruit of
handsome appearance ; and thirdly, one that will carry well to market. These qualifica-
tions are necessary to a profitable market fruit.
The following very pertinent remarks on this subject we copy from Dr. John A. Warder's
excellent work on Apples :
" Every orchard-planter who examines the extended varieties of fruits presented to him
in the books and by the nurserymen must feel greatly embarrassed when he comes to
select the varieties for his own orchard. Almost every one in the long lists is recommended
for some good quality, and the number of best, which he is apt to conclude means indispens-
able for him, is wonderfully large. Some persons are bewildered by the array presented in
the catalogue, and fall back upon their own slender stock of information, selecting only one
well-known variety ; but most persons commit a far greater fault by attempting to grasp all
the varieties that are offered and commended, which is very well for some one person in
every region to do. It is a labor of love for the benefit of his fellow-townsmen ; but it is far
better for him who is about to plant an orchard, either large or small, to determine which
varieties are best adapted for his purpose. For the small planter, who is providing for the
wants of his family, a number of varieties that will ripen in quick succession will be best,
12
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Early Ripe Apple.
and the sorts should be selected with regard to their qualities for household use. The
planter of extensive commercial orchards, on the contrary, will need but a limited number
of varieties, which should be selected with a view to the wants of the market he intends to
supply, as well as to the productiveness of the fruit and its ability to bear transportation.
While it is desirable to have but a few well-selected varieties in such an orchard, it must be
recollected that even when there is a general failure of the crop there are always some sorts
that bear fruit, and this is an argument against making the list too small.
"All attempts to make out lists of fruit for general cultivation over the great extent of
our country have been abortive. State and regional lists are made by the pomological and
other societies, which are useful in rendering approximate information ; but, at last, every
planter should observe the fruits that succeed in his own neighborhood, and upon soil
similar to his own, and select his varieties for planting accordingly.
" In making up our judgment of the excellence of a fruit, there are many elements that
enter into the question of what constitutes a good Apple, and so much depends upon the
tastes of the individuals who have the question to decide, that at last every one is left to
make up his own mind as to what will be the best for his particular case."
Our descriptive list embraces the best and most popular varieties known. Of course, it
runs into too great a variety for any one orchard for profit ; besides, there is probably not a
spot in the country where they would all flourish — but the latitude of our trade not only
admits of but demands a large list to supply the wants of the different sections of the
country. After an experience of forty years in the nursery and fruit-growing business, we
have, with great care, made the following selections, from which we trust all our patrons can
supply their wants, and that the:' will be aided in making their selections by the lists given
for special selection.
SUMMER VARIETIES OF APPLES.
American Summer. (American Summer Pearmain.) Medium size, oblong; nearly
covered with streaks and dots of red ; flesh tender, juicy and rich, subacid flavor, fine;
tree a slow grower, but bears early and abundantly; continues in use for several weeks;
one of the very best apples. Last of July to August.
Descriptive Catalogue. 13
Yellow Transparent Apple. (See page 14.)
Bough. \Sweet Bough.) Large, roundish, sometimes conical; pale yellow; nesh white,
very tender, with an excellent, sweet flavor ; tree moderately vigorous and very pro-
ductive ; the best sweet apple of its season. July.
Benoni. Medium size, round; deep red; flesh yellow, tender, subacid; an excellent
apple. July.
Carolina June. [Carolina Red June.) An early bearer and very productive ; fruit
medium size, dark crimson ; flesh white, very tender, fine-grained, juicy, subacid.
June and July.
Early Harvest. Rather large, round; yellow; flesh nearly white, tender, juicy,- crisp,
with a rich, sprightly, subacid flavor ; tree a moderate grower and very productive ;
taking all its qualities into consideration, this has no superior among early apples. June
and July.
Early Ripe. This fine apple, coming as it does immediately after the Early Harvest, fills
a want long felt by the orchardist. Its large size, handsome appearance and good bear-
ing qualities combine to make it the most profitable market variety of its season ; the
tree is hardy and of vigorous growth ; fruit large, yellowish white ; flesh white, juicy,
subacid; fine for the table or for cooking. First of July. (See illustration, page 12. )
Early Strawberry. Medium size, nearly covered with red ; flesh tender, with a mild, fine
flavor ; tree a moderate grower and good bearer. July and August.
Fourth of July. A German apple, introduced by C. F.Jaeger of Columbus, O. Very
valuable for cooking and market ; fruit medium, roundish oblate, conical, slightly ribbed,
whitish yellow, striped and splashed with bright red ; it has been thoroughly tested, and
found to be one of the very best early apples. Matures early in July.
Family. A native of Georgia. Fruit of medium size, yellowish, shaded, striped and
splashed with dull red, and sprinkled with large, light dots ; juicy and highly flavored,
pleasant subacid. Commences to ripen in August, and continues for six weeks.
High top Sweet. (Sweet June.) Medium size, greenish yellow ; flesh white, fine-grained,
tender and juicy. June and July.
Horse. Large yellow ; flesh coarse, subacid ; fine for cooking and for market ; tree
vigorous. August.
May Apple. Small, round, pale yellow, subacid; flavor poor; its chief value is in its
early ripening, being the earliest known variety. June.
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Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Red Astrachan. Rather large, approaching conical ; covered with deep crimson, over-
spread with a thick bloom ; Mesh juicy, rich, acid ; from its earliness, handsome appear-
ance, its excellent culinary qualities, and the vigor of the tree, it is worthy of genera)
cultivation. July.
Rainbow. A "barrel filler" from Missouri. Very promising summer apple ; some claim
that it is the best of its season. Very large, conical ; yellow, striped and splashed scar-
let and red ; flesh firm, yellow and juicy. August and September.
Summer Rose. (Stffim's Harvest.) Rather small, oblate, yellow, with red cheek ; flesh
very tender, crisp, mild, subacid, juicy, excellent ; continues in use for a month or more.
June and July.
Summer Queen. Large, conical, striped with red ; flesh yellowish, acid, with a very
rich, high flavor ; fine for culinary purposes. July and August.
Summer Sweet Paradise. Large, roundish, pale green, sometimes tinged with yellow
in the sun ; flesh tender, crisp, very juicy and sweet. August.
Summer Hagloe. Large, roundish, oblate, striped with light red on yellow ground ;
flesh white, rather coarse ; flavor acid ; fine for cooking and valuable for market. July
and August.
Tetofsky. A handsome Russian variety, very hardy ; tree vigorous and very productive ;
comes into bearing early ; fruit medium size ; skin yellow, striped with red ; flesh white,
fine grained, acid. July.
William's Favorite. Originated at Roxbury, Massachusetts ; highly esteemed ; large,
oblong, rich ; moderate grower and good bearer. July and August.'
Yellow Transparent. A Russian apple of great value ; above medium size, roundish
oblate, slightly corjical ; skin a clear white, changing to a pale yellow when fully ma-
tured ; a remarkably early bearer ; very prolific ; tree a vigorous and upright grower ;
gives general satisfaction ; does well everywhere, and ripens among the earliest. July.
AUTUMN APPLES.
Alexander. Russian origin. A very large and beautiful red apple of medium quality;
tree hardy but moderate grower. September and October.
Bailey Sweet. Origin, New York ; large to very large ; surface smooth, mixed and striped
deep red ; flesh yellow, tender, fine grained ; flavor very sweet and rich ; quality good ;
also a valuable apple for stock. October.
Beauty of Kent. Very large, roundish, striped with red ; flesh juicy, crisp, tender, sub-
acid ; a showy apple, but a poor bearer. September and October.
Baltzley. Large, oblate ; skin clear, pale yellow, with sometimes a blush next to the sun ;
flesh tender, juicy, sweet, with a good flavor ; tree an early and good bearer ; a first-
rate cooking apple ; deserves a place in every orchard. October.
Buckingham, or Winter Queen. Large to very large, greenish yellow, mixed and
striped with crimson or purplish red ; rlesh yellowish, breaking tender, juicy, mild,
sprightly, subacid ; a handsome, healthy tree ; comes in bearing very early, and is very
productive. This apple is cultivated over a great portion of the Southern' and Western
states, and is everywhere very profitable and popular, succeeding in almost every lo-
cality. We consider it one of the most valuable sorts. October to January.
Chenango Strawberry. {Sherwood's Favorite.) Large oblong, red and yellow ; hand-
some ; valuable for table or market. Strong, upright grower. September.
Catline or Gregson. Origin Maryland. Below medium size, oblate ; yellow, bright red
cheek, with stripes ; flesh tender, rich, juicy ; much esteemed where well known. Octo-
ber to December.
English Red Streak. Medium size ; yellow, streaked with dark red ; flesh firm, yellow,
fine grained, rich and juicy. A good fall apple. September to December.
Flory's Bellflower. {Flory.) Origin Ohio. Tree upright grower ; abundant bearer ;
fruit medium, roundish, conical ; rich yellow with small patches of russet ; tender, yel-
lowish, juicy ; subacid ; good. October and November.
Fall Pippin. Very large, roundish ; skin smooth, yellowish green, becoming rich yellow
when ripe ; flesh yellowish, firm, becoming tender, rich, aromatic, excellent ; valuable
for cooking and market ; succeeds well everywhere. September and December.
Gravenstein. Large, roundish, striped with red ; flesh tender, juicy, very rich, subacid,
high flavor ; productive, handsome and excellent ; fine in all localities. August.
Golden Sweeting. Rather large ; rich yellow ; flesh juicy, tender and sweet. August.
Hewe's Virginia Crab. A famous cider apple ; immensely productive ; fruit small,
striped ; flesh firm, yellowish, juicy ; flavor acid, rich ; must very heavy ; cider can be
kept in a sweet state for a long time ; should be in every orchard from which a barrel of
cider is intended to be made. October to December.
Jeflferis. A fair and handsome fruit of excellent quality, in use all of September ; fruit
medium, oblate ; yellow, shaded and splashed with crimson, and thickly covered with
large whitish dots ; flesh white, tender, juicy, with a rich, mild, subacid flavor ; very
good. September.
Descriptive Catalogue.
i5
Oldenburg Apple.
Jersey Sweeting. Medium sized, striped with red ; flesh whitish, very sweet, juicy and
tender ; flavor very good ; succeeds well in all localities. September and October.
McMahan. From Wisconsin. New seedling. Large to very large ; beautiful glossy
white, often with delicate crimson cheek ; flesh white, rather fine-grained, juicy, with
lively tartish flavor ; extra for cooking and dessert. If picked early, keeps into the win-
ter ; tree very hardy, early, regular and prolific bearer. Fall.
Maiden's Blush. Rather large, oblate, smooth, regular, with a fine, evenly shaded red
cheek, or blush on a clear pale yellow ground ; flesh white, tender, sprightly, with a
pleasant, subacid flavor. This variety forms a handsome, rapid-growing tree, with a
fine, spreading head, and bears large crops. August to October.
Ohio Nonpareil. Among the best dessert apples of the season. It is declared to be "bet-
ter than the best." Fruit large to very large, oblate, very handsome ; yellow, covered
with bright red ; flesh yellowish, tender, fine-grained, juicy, subacid ; first quality for
table or cooking. September to December.
Oldenburg. {Duchess of Oldenburg.) A Russian variety of very handsome appearance
and great value ; tree very hardy, vigorous, and an abundant bearer ; fruit medium to
large, golden yellow, nearly covered with streaks of crimson ; flesh tender, juicy, pleas-
ant ; valuable for the market. August.
Porter. Rather large, regular, oblong, tapering to the eye ; skin bright yellow, sometimes
a dull blush in the sun ; flesh tender, rich, subacid ; flavor fine ; fair and productive ;
deserves general cultivation. August and September.
Red Bietigheimer. German origin. Fruit large to very large, roundish, inclining to
conical ; skin pale, cream-colored ground, mostly covered with purplish crimson ; flesh
white, firm, subacid, with a brisk, pleasant flavor; tree a vigorous grower and abun-
dant bearer ; very handsome apple, and worthy of general cultivation. September.
. Rebel. This charming apple comes from Virginia. It is large, beautiful and high-flavored ;
the color is deep red, covered with a bloom ; flesh yellowish and rich ; subacid ; attracts
much attention on the market stand ; a very valuable table apple. Oct. to Dec.
Rambo. There is not, perhaps, another apple named in this catalogue so widely dissem-
inated, or which was once so generally esteemed as this ; but recently, in some localities,
the trees have become less vigorous than formerly ; they grow well until three or four
years old, then, from some cause unknown to us, commence declining, and do but little
good afterwards ; but where it still succeeds it is one of the best apples, and should be
planted. FruH above medium size ; skin smooth streaked with dull yellowish red ;
flesh greenish white, very tender, with a rich, spicy, subacid flavor ; very productive
October to January.
Summer Rambo of Pennsylvania. Very large, striped with red, on yellow ground ;
flesh mild, subacid, with an agreeable flavor. September.
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Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Smokehouse. Fruit large,, oblate, striped with red on yellow ground ; flesh yellowish
white, firm, juicy, crisp and rich, with a fine, aromatic, subacid flavor ; unsurpassed for
culinary purposes ; productive ; should have a place in every orchard. September to
December.
Stump. A decided acquisition to the list of profitable apples. Originated near Rochester,
N. V. Fruit medium size, conical ; skin yellow, striped and shaded with "light red;
flesh firm, juicy, tender, subacid ; uniform size and fine appearance. September and
October.
Western Beauty. {Big Rambo, Ohio Beauty.) Very large; pale yellow, striped and
splashed with bright red ; flesh yellow, tender, juicy ; never water-cored and not dis-
posed to rot ; one of the best fall apples. September to December.
WINTER APPLES.
Abram. {Red Abram, Father Abram.) Fruit below medium size, yellow shaded, and
splashed with red, dotted ; flesh white, tender, subacid. Small size' and dull color de-
tract from its value as a market fruit, yet its pleasant flavor, combined with its long
keeping, makes it a desirable sort for the South. January to May.
Albemarle Pippin. We consider this, Yellow Newtown Pippin and Brooks' Pippin-
identical. Perhaps no apple stands higher in the market than this, or brings as hi *h a
price ; others may be more profitable to the grower. It suceeeds finely in the Piedmont
region and in many parts of the valley of Virginia, though in poor, cold soils it will not
succeed. It needs a deep, warm soil to bring it to perfection. Where it does well, we
would still advise planting it largely for market. Fruit large, round, lop-sided, ribbed,
and irregular ; surface smooth, yellowish green, sometimes bronzy, becoming yellow
when ripe; flesh yellow, firm, brittle, juicy ; flavor acid, rich, agreeable ; tree a slow
grower in the nursery ; does not succeed so well below the Piedmont country. Jan-
uary to April.
American Golden Russet. {Bullock'' s Pippin or Sheep-Nose.) Small, roundish ovate ;
skin dull yellow, with a very thin russet ; flesh yellowish, very tender, juicy, with a
mild, rich, spicy flavor ; very productive. October to January.
Bellriower. Large, oblong, ovate ; skin pale yellow, with sometimes a blush ; flesh very
tender, fine grained, crit>p, juicy, acid, becoming subacid ; does not succeed in tide-
water, nor south of James river, except in the mountain country. October to January.
Baldwin. Large, roundish, narrowing a little to the eye ; skin yellow in the shade, but
nearly covered and striped with red and orange in the sun ; flesh crisp, juicy and sub-
acid, rich ; tree a vigorous grower and bears abundantly ; succeeds well in Western
Maryland and the mountains of Virginia, but drops its fruit too early in or near the tide-
water section. October to January— later in the mountains.
Bentley's Sweet. Supposed origin, Virginia ; fruit medium, roundish, flattened at ends,
sometimes slightly oblique, and sometimes sides unequal ; pale, yellowish green, shaded
with pale red, and moderately sprinkled with light and brown dots ; flesh fine, whitish,
compact, sweet, somewhat honeyed flavor; tree moderately vigorous, hardy, good bearer
and keeper ; very good. January to May.
Bonum. Large, oblate, color light to dark red ; flesh yellow, firm, breaking, fine-grained ;
flavor rich, subacid, 'first quality for dessert ; a most excellent apple ; originated in
North Carolina. Deserves more general attention. October to January.
Buncombe. {Red Winter Pearmain, Red Lady-Finger, Red Fall Pippin, Jfeigs, etc.,
etc.) Tree a strong, thrifty grower and great bearer; fruit large, yellowish white,
mostly covered with red ; flesh whitish yellow, rich, juicy, subacid, and very fine. No-
vember to February.
Bullock Pippin of Pennsylvania. {Ewalt.) Large and handsome; yellow, \% ith
bright blush in the sun ; flesh tender, fine grained ; flavor acid, sprightly ; bears well ;
a handsome market sort. November to February.
Ben Davis. Originated in Kentucky; tree remarkably healthy, vigorous, and an abun-
dant bearer ; fruit large, handsome, striped ; flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid ; a very
profitable market variety ; should be in every orchard. Keeps till midwinter or later.
Berry Red. A chance seedling from the farm of John Berry, of Meadow Creek, Ky. Large
to very large ; color, dark, bright, shining red ; form oblate ; flesh cream color ; quality
good, flavor excellent and retained through its long keeping season ; subacid, rich, juicy.
As a market variety and long keeper it is second to none ; an enormous bearer. In
1872, 47 bushels were picked from the original tree, and in 1874. over 76 bushels. Many
years it has averaged 40 bushels. This is a noble winter apple, and deserves a place in
every collection.
Babbit. {Western Baldwin.) It is claimed to be " the coming apple." Originated in
Tazewell Co., 111. ; a seedling of the Ironclad, Eastern "Baldwin," and promises to
equal its parent. Fruit larger than the Baldwin, shape very similar, but with more red ;
especially valuable for market and cooking. Season first of October to April.
Black "Warrior. Above medium size; green; fine quality and keeper. A first-class
winter apple. Good bearer from October to March.
Descriptive Catalogue. 17
Ben Davis Apple. (See page 16.)
Belle de Boskoop. Large ; yellow splashed with red on sunny side, sometimes slightly
russeted ; flesh firm, subacid ; quality good and late keeper. December to March.
Cannon Pearinain. Medium size, round, oblong or ovate, shaded and striped with red ;
flesh yellow, firm ; flavor mild, subacid ; a good bearer, and valuable for marketing ;
deserves extensive planting in the South. January till April.
Carolina Greening. {Southern Greening, Yellow Crank, Green Crank, Green Cheese,
Southern Golden Pippin, Green Skin, etc., etc.) Medium size, greenish yellow ; flesh
yellowish white, tender, crisp, juicy and rich,; subacid ; productive ; keeps well.
Carter. {Magnum, Fall Cheese, Cheese, Johnson's Favorite, etc.) Medium sized;
striped and splashed with red ; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, mild, subacid ; tree thrifty
and productive. October to January.
Cooper's Market. Medium size, conical, red ; fine keeper ; very hardy, slender grower;
productive. December to May.
Dickerson. From Chester Co., Pa. A seedling of Yellow Bellflower. Medium to large ;
yellow, almost covered with streaks of deep red ; flesh subacid and juicy ; heavy and
annual bearer. One of the best new apples. January to March.
Delaware Late Winter or Lawver. A valuable winter apple, especially in the South.
Strong grower and abundant bearer ; fruit medium to large, bright red, fine texture,
subacid, juicy ; long keeper. It promises to gain the standing in the South that Bald-
win has in New England and Northern Spy in western New York. January to March.
Domine. Large size, flat, striped with red ; flesh. white, juicy, firm, mild, subacid, sprightly,
pleasant flavor ; keeps till midwinter ; a rapid grower and prodigious bearer. This va-
riety is well deserving of extensive cultivation.
Btowah. Resembles Shockley, but better colored; fine-flavored; quality good; a good
keeper. November to March.
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Esopus Spitzenburgh. One of the standard Northern winter apples, but not valuable
here on account of the fruit specking on the trees ; besides, it is a poor bearer.
Fallawater. Large, roundish, slightly ovate, conical, very regular, smooth ; skin yellow-
ish green, with a dull red cheek ; flesh greenish white, fine-grained, with a mild, slightly
subacid flavor ; tree a strong growe" and good bearer ; fruit uniformly fair ; highly de-
serving extensive cultivation. November to February.
Fameuse. {Snow Apple.) Medium size, deep crimson ; flesh snow-white, tender, melting
and delicious ; strong grower ; dark wood. Valuable for both dessert and market ; does
best in the North. November to January.
Gibbs. A seedling from Delaware. Medium to large ; white, shaded with brown ; mild,
subacid ; one of the very best keepers, often good until June. December to April.
Gilmore. Originated in Rockbridge Co., Va.. and named for the introducer. Large, red
winter apple ; first-class keeper ; valuable for market. The parent trees bore 35 bushels
in 1885. December to March.
Gano. {Red Ben Davis.) Fruit and tree closely resemble the well-known Ben Davis,
but more highly colored ; yellow, nearly covered with dark red ; very handsome, large;
flesh pale yellow ; mild subacid. Season with Ben Davis. A good keeper.
Gideon. Medium to large ; rich golden yellow, with handsome blush on sunny side ; flesh
subacid, juicy, excellent ; tree very hardy ; an early bearer. November to January.
Grindstone or American Pippin. Medium size, oblate ; color light, dull red on dull
green ; flesh white, very firm, mild, subacid flavor ; its chief merit is in long-keeping,
which may be extended to July ; tree a crooked, straggling grower.
Grimes' Golden. A native of Brooke Co., West Va.; an apple of the highest quality.
Dr. Warder says : " Too good for aught else but the dessert." Medium to large ; flesh
yellow, subacid, aromatic, spicy, rich, refreshing ; tree hardy, vigorous and productive.
January to March.
Gloria Mundi. Very large, roundish, oblate ; skin greenish yellow ; flesh coarse, tender,
with a pleasant acid flavor ; unproductive ; cultivated on account of its very large size!
October to January.
Horn. (^V. Q Vandev er' s .) Medium, flat or conical ; green with red cheek, dark crimson
in the South ; juicy, rich. Ripens in November, and will keep until March.
Hnbbardston Nonesuch. Origin Massachusetts. Fruit large, handsome, round,
tapering both ways from the middle surface ; yellow, covered with mixed red and
broken stripes ; flesh yellow, juicy, tender, with fine, rich flavor. Deserves general
cultivation ; valuable for market and dessert. October to January.
Ivanhoe. A chance seedling from Albemarle Co., Va. It has proved, after thorough test-
ing of many years, to be a very valuable apple. Tree hardy and very productive ;
bears young, sometimes at two years, in the nursery row; bears every year, and will
keep until apples come again, and are plentiful ; above medium size ; yellow, with
slight blush sometimes in the sun ; the flavor is excellent, crisp and sprightly; of the
Pippin type, resembling the Albemarle. A valuable winter apple.
Johnson's Fine Winter or York Imperial. Medium size, truncated oval, angular;
skin greenish yellow, nearly covered with bright red ; flesh tender, crisp, juicy, aro-
matic ; an enormous bearer, and hangs well on the tree ; it is also a good keeper, retain-
ing its flavor to the last. We cannot say too much in favor of this apple; all things
considered, it is scarcely second to any in the catalogue as a profitable orchard variety."
February to April. (See engraving, page 19.)
King of Tompkins County. Very large, red-striped, handsome and of fine quality ; a
splendid apple North, but not valuable here. November to February.
Kaighn's Spitzenburgh. Large, yellow, striped with crimson ; flesh white, subacid,
juicy ; a good bearer ; much more valuable here than the Esopus Spitzenburgh. Decem-
ber to February.
Kinnard's Choice. This splendid apple originated in Tennessee; wherever known it is
spoken of in the highest terms. Tree vigorous, and bears very young ; fruit medium to
large, highly colored, red; flesh yellow, fine-grained, tender, rich, juicy; keeps well.
November to March.
Longfleld. New Russian kind, imported by the U. S. Government. The only one of a
large importation that is a winter apple. Tree a free-grower, early and abundant bearer;
fruit medium to large, thickly covered with red stripes, blush on the sunny side : flavor
rich, sprightly subacid. December to April.
Lankford's Seedling. Origin Kent Co., Md. Tree hardy and a good bearer, bearing
annual crops ; fruit of large size, striped ; quality excellent ; keeps till April. This new
sort possesses many valuable qualities, and will no doubt become a popular sort for late
winter use.
Limbertwig. A well-known Southern apple. Above medium size ; color dull, purplish
red ; flavor subacid, rich, aromatic ; productive ; keeps well. February to April.
Descriptive Catalogue.
19
Johnson's Fine Winter Apple. (Seepage 18.)
Lady Apple, or Pomme d'Api. Quite small, regular and flat ; skin light, clear yellow,
with a brilliant red cheek ; flesh white, tender and juicy, with a pleasant, delicate, sub-
acid flavor ; a great bearer ; brings the highest price of any fancy apple in the market.
December to April.
Milam. Rather below medium size ; smooth ; yellow, covered with marbled red and in-
distinct stripes ; flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy ; flavor subacid ; tree a regular, annual
bearer. November to February.
Mason's Stranger. Originated in Greenville Co., Va. Medium size ; color yellow, with
russet dots on one side ; flesh white, juicy and crisp ; flavor nearly sweet ; keeps
through winter into spring ; tree moderately thriftv, and a good bearer. January to
March.
Mcintosh Red. Large, roundish ; skin mostly covered with bright red ; flesh white, ten-
der, subacid, sprightly, very good ; a handsome apple of fine quality; strong grower.
November to February.
Mann. Downing describes the fruit as follows : " Fruit medium to large, roundish oblate,
nearly regular ; skin deep yellow when fully ripe, often with a shade of brownish red
where exposed, and thickly sprinkled with light and gray dots, a few being areole ; stalk
short, rather small ; cavity medium or quite large, sometimes slightly corrugated ; flesh
yellowish, half-fine, half-tender, juicy, mild, pleasant, subacid; good to very good."
Tree very hardy, grows straight and symmetrical, and makes a large tree in the or-
chard ; it is an early and annual bearer. Said to be a good keeper.
Maverack's Sweet. Large, dark, russety green, with red cheek ; flesh crisp and very
sugary, with high aroma. November to' Februarv.
20
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Mammoth Black Twig Apple.
Mammoth Black Twig. {Arkansas Paragon.) Originated in Arkansas. A seedling
of the Winesap, which it resembles, but it is superior in many ways. Large, deep red ;
subacid ; early and abundant bearer, and a good keeper ; the tree is a strong grower,
and roots well. This valuable winter apple has few equals. December to April.
Michael Henry Pippin. Medium to large, smooth ; dull green, pale yellow when ripe,
sometimes a faint blush ; flesh pale yellow, breaking tender, juicy ; flavor sweet, slightly
aromatic ; an abundant bearer ; keeps till midwinter. Deserves more extended culti-
vation.
Missouri Pippin. Large, oblong ; bright red, with darker red stripes ; very handsome ;
fair quality ; a good grower and an early and immense bearer ; often fruits at two years
in nursery rows ; valuable for market. December to April.
Nickajack. This apple is very widely disseminated in the Southern states, where" it is
known under about forty different names, which is pretty good evidence that it has
proved itself a valuable sort. Fruit large, roundish ; skin striped and splashed with
crimson ; flesh yellowish, compact, moderately tender and juicy, subacid ; quality only
good. November to March.
Northern Spy. Large, conical, flattened ; striped and quite covered on the sunny side
with dark crimson, and delicately coated with bloom ; flesh white, fine-grained, tender,
slightly subacid ; both leaf and blossom-buds open a week later than most other sorts.
An apple of very high character, but we cannot advise its planting south of Pennsyl-
vania, except in mountain regions. November to February.
Nero. A seedling of the Romanite which it excels in every way ; a valuable winter apple,
long keeper, large and beautiful ; none better for Middle and Southern states. December
to April.
Northwestern Greening. A Wisconsin seedling of great value : has stood the most try-
ing tests and found to be equal to Wealthy in point of hardiness, but superior in fruit
and keeping qualities ; large, smooth, greenish yellow ; flesh fine-grained, juicy, firm ;
good quality ; thoroughly tested. January to April.
Nansemond Beauty. From Nansemond county, Ya. : said to excel the Wine Sap in
beauty, size, and keeping ; its uniform size and handsome appearance render it a de-
sirable sort for marketing. The fruit is large, uniform, of a beautil.il crimson-red, some-
what shaded with yellow ; flesh quite white, crisp, tender, juicy. Since its first intro-
duction this variety has been steadily growing in favor, and from many sections we are
now receiving favorable reports as to its value. December to April.
Descriptive Catalogue.
2 1
Ortley. {IWiiic Bellflower.) Large, oblong, surface smooth ; pale yellow, rarely blushed
with light crimson and red spots ; flesh yellowish, juicy, tender, subacid, sprightly.
November to January.
Pryor's Red. Medium or rather large, roundish, irregular, varying ; color dull brick-red
on greenish yellow, in dots and shades, and obscure streaks ; slightly russeted ; flesh
very tender, mild, rich, subacid : agreeable flavor. A fine apple in some places, but of
late years has not been profitable to the orchardist in some localities. December to
February.
Paradise Winter Sweet. Large regularly formed, roundish ; skin fair and smooth, dull
green when picked, with a brownish blush; flesh white, fine-gi ained, juicy, sweet,
sprightly and good; productive; an excellent apple. Well worthy a place in the or-
chard. "November to February.
Peck's Pleasant. Large, roundish, angular; skin smooth, green, becoming yellow, with
a blush on the sunny side ; resembles the Newtown Pippin ; flesh yellowish, fine-grained,
crisp and juicy ; high-flavored; a good market variety. December to March.
Pilot. A variety of great promise ; received from Nelson Co., Va., where it originated, and
stands par excellence amongst apples. Size large, round, sometimes approaching con-
ical ; color striped with red on yellow ground, overspread with dots and specks of rus-
set ; flesh yellowish, crisp and juicy, with a mild, subacid flavor ; good bearer and keeps
well ; tree very healthy and handsome. A first-rate apple.
Pcwaukee. Origin Wisconsin. Seedling from Oldenburg. Medium to large, roundish
oblate ; skin bright yellow, striped and splashed with dark red ; flesh white, tender,
juicy, subacid ; very hardy, stands intense cold. January to May.
Red Canada. Medium to large size ; yellow, striped with red ; juicy and rich ; excellent
for market or dessert. November to May.
Roberson. Origin Virginia. Said to be large, striped and splashed with red; of first
quality ; resembles York Imperial. November to Marcn.
Rhode Island Greening'. Large, roundish, oblate ; skin green, becoming a greenish
yellow when ripe ; flesh yellow, fine-grained, tender, juicy, with a rich,- acid flavor ; suc-
ceeds well at the North, but not valuable here, dropping its fruit too early. October to
December.
Roxbury Russet. Rather above medium size, roundish, oblate, remotely conical ; skin
covered with russet ; flesh greenish white, rather granular, slightly crisp, .with a good
subacid flavor. November to January.
Romanite or Cartliouse. Medium size, roundish, oblong ; striped and shaded with deep
red on greenish yellow ground ; flesh yellow, firm, juicy and rich, becoming tender and
sprightly in the spring; valuable for the South; an early and profuse bearer and a
good keeper. January to May.
Royal Limber Twig. Very large, pale yellow, blushed or striped with red ; flesh juicy,
rich and very good ; tree a thrifty grower, and bears well. December to March.
Rawle's Genet. Tree moderately vigorous, putting forth its leaves and blossoms much
later than other varieties in the spring, consequently avoiding injury by late frosts ; it is,
therefore, particularly valuable for the South and Southwest. Fruit medium size, round-
ish., approaching oblong ; color pale red, distinctly striped on yellow ground; flesh
nearly white, fine, rich, mild subacid, fine texture, crisp, juicy, compact ; a profuse
bearer. One of the most popular winter apples South and West. January to April.
Rome Beauty. Large, yellow, striped and mixed with light red ; flesh yellow, breaking
coarse-grained, subacid ; valuable for market on account of its productiveness, size and
beauty, as well as for its certain bearing. November to January.
Smith's Cider. Rather large ; greenish white, striped with red ; flesh tender, juicy, with
a mild, subacid flavor ; a prodigious bearer and profitable market variety. December
to February.
Shockley. From Jackson Co., Ga. Fruit medium size, yellow, with crimson cheek ; flesh
subacid, nearly sweet ; tree erect, vigorous grower ; comes into bearing early, and is
exceedingly productive, This is probably the most reliable and valuable winter variety
for the South, and is there justly very popular ; valuable in eastern Virginia and lower
Maryland. Keeps till May or June.
Stevenson's Winter. From Mississippi ; esteemed there on account of its long-keeping.
Fruit medium to large ; greenish yellow, shaded and sometimes striped with red ; flesh
firm, juicy, pleasant, brisk subacid.
Sharp's Winter. Medium size ; pale yellow, with a blush ; juicy and very good ; a good
bearer, and keeps till April.
Shepherd's Keeper. Origin Carroll Co., Md. This new seedling apple promises great
things ; the fruit is medium size, round, of deep, reddish brown ; an annual and heavy
bearer and excellent keeper. Ready for use January 15, and good until June.
Sutton's Beauty. From Massachusetts. Large, handsome, roundish ; skin yellow, waxen,
striped with crimson ; flesh tender, subacid ; tree strong grower and bears well ; a valu-
able new market apple. December to January.
22 Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Rome Beauty. (See page 21.)
Stark. A western kind of first quality ; thoroughly tested and always valuable, especially
for market. The tree is a very strong grower, hardy and bears annually ; much in de-
mand, and planted on a large scale ; fruit large, oblong, partly covered with red ; flavor
mild subacid. Deserves a place well up among " best kinds ;" long-keeper.
Twenty Ounce. {Cayuga Red- Streak.) |Very large and showy, roundish, uneven ; green-
ish yellow, splashed and marbled with dull red ; flesh is good, sprightly, though not
high-flavored, coarse-grained ; its size and regular bearing makes it popular. October
to January.
Talman's Sweet. Medium size ; pale yellow, tinged with red ; flesh rich and of first
quality, and good cooker. December to April.
Tewksbury Winter. ( Tewksbury Winter Blush.) Small size, smooth ; yellow, blushed ;
flesh yellow, breaking juicy, well flavored ; a good grower and very productive ; fruit
hangs well on tree ; valuable as a long-keeper. January to June.
Via's Seedling. Originated in the vicinity of Richmond, and brought to notice by James
Via. Fruit above medium size, almost covered with dark red ; flavor mild, subacid or
sweet ; very productive. November to February.
Wealthy. From Minnesota ; not tested South. Fruit medium, oblate ; whitish yellow-
ground, shaded with deep rich crimson in the sun, obscure, broken stripes and mot-
tlings in the shade, sometimes entirely covered with crimson, many light dots ; flesh
white, fine-grained, stained with red, tender, juicy, lively, vinous, subacid ; very good.
Willow Twig. Fruit medium size, roundish, slightly conical, somewhat oblate ; light
yellow, shaded and marbled with dull red, and sprinkled with numerous russet dots;
flesh yellowish green, not very tender, pleasant subacid ; good ; valuable for late
keeping.
White Pippin. Fruit large, form variable, roundish oblate, slightly oblique ; greenish
white, waxen, sprinkled with green dots, and becoming pale yellow at maturity, some-
times having a dull blush and a few brown dots ; flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, fine,
rich, subacid ; very good to best. January to March.
Wagener. Medium to large ; deep red in the sun ; flesh firm, subacid and excellent ; early
bearer ; very productive. December to May.
Walhridge. Medium size, oblate ; pale yellow, shaded with red : tender and juicy ; very
hardy and productive ; esteemed especially in cold climates ; a late keeper. January to
May.
Descriptive Catalogue.
23
Winesap Apple.
Wolf River. An apple peculiarly adapted to the West on account of its extreme hardiness ;
very large and handsome ; flesh whitish, juicy, subacid ; a good bearer and long keeper.
"Wine Apple. {English Redstreak, Hays1 Winter.) A valuable late autumn or early
winter apple. Fruit large ; skin yellow, more or less covered with mixed and broken
stripes of red, splashed with crimson ; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy ; flavor acid to sub-
acid, rich ; quality good. October to December.
Winesap. We can scarcely find words sufficiently strong to express the high opinion we
have of this fruit, possessing, as it does, a combination of so many excellent qualities.
For cider it has but few equals ; for the table it stands amongst the best ; for keeping
it is justly esteemed ; and for bearing it scarcely has a rival. Considering all this, we
most earnestly recommend it to the consideration of orchardists. Fruit medium size,
rather oblong ; skin smooth, of a fine, dark red, with a few streaks and a little yellow
ground appearing on the shady side ; flesh yellow, firm, crisp, with a rich, high flavor.
December to April. (See engraving.)
White Winter Pearmain. Size full medium ; skin pale yellow, with a slight blush ;
flesh yellowish, tender, crisp and juicy ; very pleasant, subacid ; tree grows thriftily and
bears abundantly. Keeps till midwinter. m
Yates. A Georgia variety ; of small size ; dark red and dotted with white dots ; flesh firm,
juicy, aromatic ; immense bearer and good keeper.
24
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
CRAB APPLES.
For Ornament or Preserving.
General Grant. Very large, round, dark red ; flesh white and tender ; excellent for des-
sert. September.
Hyslop Crab. Fruit large for its class ; produced in clusters ; dark, rich re'd, covered with
a thick, blue bloom ; good for culinary uses and for cider.
Martha. Origin Minnesota. Large, bright yellow, shaded with red ; mild, clear subacid,
sprightly ; new ; no blight ; very hardy and desirable. October.
Marengo. This is really a "thing of beauty." Large, covered entirely with dark red;
handsome ; prolific. September.
Red Siberian Crab. Quite small — a little over an inch in diameter ; nearly round, with
a brilliant scarlet cheek, on a pale, clear, waxen yellow ground ; stalk very long and
slender ; tree very productive, and bears when very young ; quite ornamental ; good
for preserving. September to October.
Transcendent Crab. Fruit large for its class ; golden yellow, with a beautiful, rich
crimson cheek ; when ripe, the red or crimson nearly covers the fruit ; flesh creamy
yellow, crisp, subacid, pleasant and agreeable. This is truly a beautiful fruit ; tree a
rapid grower, and productive. September.
Van Wyclc. Origin New York. This handsome, very large new crab has come to stay.
Skin yellow, colored light red and covered with bloom ; flesh yellow, very sweet and
tender. September.
Waugh's Crab. Small : yellow, with red cheek ; profuse bearer. September.
Whitney. (No. 20.) Large ; striped and splashed with red ; flesh yellow to white, firm and
juicv, with a pleasant subacid flavor; tree very hardv, vigorous and very productive.
August.
Yellow Siberian Crab. Resembles the red crab except in color, which is of a fine, rich
yellow. This is equally good for preserving, and considering the beautiful habit of the
tree, the rich, showy bloom, together with its attractive appearance when covered with
fruit, we think it highly deserving of a place amongst the ornamentals.
The following new crabs are well worthy the attention of all cultivators of this class of
fruit. All are very hardy and productive, producing their fruit in magnificent clusters that
arc- really wonderful. Every one who has room for five trees should have at least one of
these :
Blushing Maid. Montreal Beauty, Queen's Choice,
Gibbs, Quaker Beauty, Soulard.
Maiden's Blush,
Our trade, extending from Massachusetts to Texas, and from Virginia westward to the
Pacific coast, necessitates the growing of a long list of varieties to meet the wants of various
customers in this wide country, so diversified as it is in soil, climate and latitude. Some
sorts that we grow for one section are of little or no value in other localities of a different
character ; and as the limited space of a nurseryman's descriptive catalogue will not allow
a full explanation of the characteristics of each variety, we have, therefore, been prompted
by the very many injudicious selections made by some of those ordering from us, to prepare
lists suited to the different parts of Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia, which will also
apply to similar soils and elevations in the adjoining ones. We do not claim that these lists
are perfect ; there are many sorts that might be added, and time will prove that some that
are now on the list will be superseded by other more valuable ones ; yet, from our experi-
ence and observation, and the experience of others, we are satisfied that those who adopt
these sorts, as classed for the different sections, will not go far astray. If one who contem-
plates ordering trees is acquainted with a variety that is succeeding well in his neighbor-
hood, on a soil similar to his own, let him add it to his list ; but do not let him select because
of a nice name, or because the variety is highly prized in some other section of the country,
differing very materially in soil, altitude or climate. If ordering from a responsible nursery-
man, or one in whose honesty you can rely, it is far better to leave the selection to him, stat-
ing for what purpose you desire the fruit, whether for family use, cider or marketing, with
the proportion wanted for each season. If you make the selection yourself, give the nur-
seryman some discretionary privilege in correcting your list, if in his judgment you have
collected sorts that he knows will not be profitable to you. It is very unpleasant to a nur-
seryman to fill an order of sorts that he well knows will not profit the purchaser, and he
cannot in all cases substitute without giving dissatisfaction. We hope our suggestions will
D E SCR I FT 1 V E C AT A LOGUE.
25
be considered, and that the following list will be a guide to our customers in making their
selections, thereby avoiding the disappointment that will surely follow the selection of sorts
unsuited to their locality :
Varieties best suited to Tidewater Virginia and Eastern and Western-shore Maryland.
American Summer
Bough,
Carolina June,
Earlv Harvest,
Buckingham,
Baltzley,
Bonum,
SUMMERS VARIETIES
Early Ripe,
Fourth of July,
Gravenstein,
FOR LATE SUMMER AND AUTUMN.
Fallawater,
Gravenstein,
Jefferis,
Horse,
Red Astrachan,
Yellow Transparent.
Maiden's Blush,
Oldenburg,
Wealthy.
Benoni,
Ben Davis,
Berry Red,
Cannon Pearmain,
De
■are Late Winter,
Johnson's Fine Winter,
FOR LATE AUTUMN AND WINTER,
Kinnard's Choice,
Langford's Seedling,
Lady Apple,
Mammoth Black Twig,
Nickajack,
Nansemond Beauty,
Royal Limbertwig,
Romanite, or Carthouse,
Shockley,
Smith's Cider,
Winesap.
Varieties best suited to Piedmont, Virginia.
Amur. Summer Pearmain,
Bough.
Benoni,
SUMMER VARIETIES.
Carolina Red June,
Early Harvest,
Early Ripe,
Gravenstein,
Red Astrachan,
Yellow Transparent.
Buckingham,
Baltzley,
Bonum,
FOR LATE SUMMER AND AUTUMN.
Duchess of Oldenburg, Mother,
Jefferis, Smokehouse,
Maiden's Blush, Wealthy.
FOR LATE AUTUMN AND WINTER.
Albemarle Pippin,
Ben Davis,
Cannon Pearmain,
Fallawater,
Gano,
Grimes' Golden,
Johnson's Fine Winter,
Kinnard's Choice,
Lady Apple,
Mammoth Black Twig,
Nickajack,
Nansemond Beauty,
Paradise Winter Sweet,
Pilot,
Rawle's Genet,
Romanite, or Carthouse,
Rome Beaut\-.
Royal Limbertwig,
Smith's Cider,
Shockley,
Winesap.
Varieties for the Valley of Virginia and West Virginia and Western Maryland.
SUMMER VARIETIES.
Amer. Summer Pearmain,
Bough,
Benoni,
Bonum,
Baltzley,
Buckingham,
Duchess of Oldenburg,
Carolina Red June,
Early Ripe,
Early Harvest,
FOR LATE SUMMER AND AUTUMN.
Fall Pippin,
Fallawater,
Gravenstein,
Jefferis,
Red Astrachan,
Yellow Transparent.
Maiden's Blush,
Smokehouse.
Albemarle Pippin,
Baldwin,
Bonum,
Ben Davis.
Delaware Late Winter,
Fallawater,
Gano.
FOR LATE AUTUMN AND WINTER.
Grimes' Golden,
Johnson's Fine Winter.
Kinnard's Choice,
Lady Apple,
Mammoth Black Twig,
Nansemond Beauty,
Pilot,
Perk's Pleasant,
Paradise Winter Sweet,
Rawle's Genet,
Rome Beauty,
Royal Limbertwig,
Winesap.
26
Franklin* Davis Nursery Co.
Varieties best suited to Pennsylvania and the West.
SUMMER VARIETIES.
Early Harvest,
Early Ripe,
Buckingham,
Bonum,
Fall Pippin,
Baldwin,
Ben Davis,
Dominie,
Gano,
Fourth of July,
Jefferis,
OR LATE SUMMER AND AUTUMN.
Fallawater,
Gravenstein,
Maiden's Blush,
FOR LATE AUTUMN AND WINTER.
Grimes Golden,
Jonathan,
Johnson's Fine Winter,
Kinnard's Choice,
Red Astrachan,
Yellow Transparent.
Oldenburg,
Smokehouse,
Wealthy.
Mammoth Black Twig,
Northern Spy,
Rome Beauty,
Smith's Cider.
Carolina Red June,
Early Ripe,
Buckingham,
Bonum,
Ben Davis,
Berry Red,
Carolina Greening,
Johnson's Fine Winter,
Kinnard's Choice,
Varieties best suited to the South.
SUMMER VARIETIES.
Early Harvest,
Fourth of July,
FOR LATE SUMMER AND AUTUMN.
Fall Pippin,
Gravenstein,
FOR LATE AUTUMN AND WINTER.
Lankford Seedling,
Mammoth Black Twig,
Nickajack,
Romanite,
Horse,
Yellow Transparent.
Oldenburg,
Wealthy.
Royal Limbertwig,
Shockley,
Winesap,
Yates.
ADDITIONAL LIST OF APPLES.
The most of the following kinds are cultivated in limited numbers, but trees or
grafts of them can be furnished at any time. Many of them are old and valuable sorts,
highly esteemed in particular localities, or by some individuals. There are some sorts we
have omitted in the descriptive list, not because they do not merit that position, but because
that list is already too long. There are some kinds, too, that are yet new, which may upon
further trial prove themselves deserving of the very first rank. We will keep an eye on
them, and in our next catalogue may be better able to give a satisfactory account of them.
Alexander,
Antonovka,
Autumn Bough,
Black Apple,
Black Warrior,
Black Coal,
Bucks County Pippin,
Birmingham (Strodes),
Bethlemite,
Big Hall,
Better than Good ,
Beverly Red,
Bar's Seedling,
Broadax,
Brown,
Bailey's Sweet,
Bohannon,
Butter,
Bowman's Excelsior,
Caleb,
Carter's Blue,
Carver,
Cooper (of Ohio),
Cathead,
Canada Reinette,
Cataling,
Cornell's Fancv,
Chester County,
Dutch Mignonne,
Drumore,
Dumpling,
Dinwiddie's Seedling No. 2,
Davidson's Mutton,
Eating (Conrad's),
Early Joe,
Earlv Colton,
Early Red.
Edward's Early,
Edwards,
Ella Park,
French or Newark Pippin,
Fall Cheese,
Fink,
Fall Orange,
Fameuse,
Flora's Bellflower,
Gloucester While.
Great Bearer,
Golden Russet,
Gray Russet,
Great Keeper,
Green Newtown Pippin,
Gregory,
Goosepen,
Herefordshire Pearmain,
Haskell's Sweet,
Holland Pippin,
Harrison,
Hopbole,
Hubbardston Nonesuch,
Haupe Stripe,
Haas,
Hall,
Hunge,
Harman's Seedling,
Haslep,
Jonathan,
Jersey Pound,
Julian,
Keswick Codlin,
Krauser,
Kittageskee,
King,
King of all the World,
Ladies' Favorite,
Lancaster Sweet,
Loy,
Lady Finger,
Ladies' Sweeting,
Large May,
Large Summer Queen,
Descriptive Catalogue.
27
London Pippin,
Large Winter Greening,
Long Island Russet,
Lansingburg,
Lakin's Choice,
Lady Lyons,
My Sweetheart,
Monstrous Pippin,
Monstrous Bellrlower,
Marl Bank,
Minkler,
Minnesota,
Mother,
Mattamusket,
Mcintosh,
Newcomer,
Notlev,
North Carolina Greening,
Orange,
( ►range Pippin,
Peter (Gideon's Best o fAll),
Progress,
Pennock,
Piedmont Pippin,
Pewaukee,
Paragon,
Peach Pond Sweet,
Pumpkin Sweet,
Primate,
Red-Cheeked Pippin,
Republican Pippin,
Red Doctor,
Royal Russet,
Red Canada,
Red Russet,
Red Robinson,
Ribston Pippin,
Rockbridge's Sweeting,
Rucker's Orange Pippin,
Ramsdell's Sweet,
Summer Cheese,
Sweet Vandevere,
Superb,
Striped Juneating,
Schull,
Sweet Winter Nonesuch,
Sops of wine,
Sweet Russet,
Sweet Redstreak,
Stark,
Sweet Pippin,
Sharp ( Penna.),
Stover's Best,
Scott's Winter,
Tallman's Sweeting,
Townsend,
Twenty Ounce,
Titovka,
Victuals and Drink,
Vandevere (of N. Y.),
Virginia Beauty,
Woodburn's Spitzenburgh,
Wagener,
Westfield Seek-no-Further
Water Melon,
Winter Cheese,
White Catline,
Williams Favorite,
Westfield,
Walbridge,
Yellow Vandevere,
York Str pe,
Yellow Sweet June,.
Yopp's Favorite.
SELECT PEARS.
The increasing demand for this fruit, and the great profit arising from its culture, have
called forth the energy and exertions of our leading pomologists to originate new varieties,
and to bring to notice the most valuable kinds. To what extent they have succeeded we
will leave for those to say who have visited some of the grand exhibitions of fruit ; yet we
say that the majority as yet are wholly ignorant of the rich and delicious qualities of this
fruit, but we hope the day is not far distant when every orchardist and every farmer will
have his pear orchard, and feel that this fruit is quite as valuable a product as the apple.
In ripening the fruit, it should be understood that summer and fall varieties should be
picked from a week to a fortnight before maturity, and winter sorts before frost overtakes
them. 'Most sorts, if allowed to ripen on the tree, are but second-rate, or of inferior quality,
while if picked as above directed and ripened in the house, they are delicious.
The great demand for dwarf trees for some time past has induced us to propagate a
number of choice kinds as such ; for this purpose we use the best French quince stocks.
This mode of culture has several advantages over the standard system, among which arei
the comparatively short time required to bring them into a bearing state, the less liability
to blight, their adaptation to the garden and small enclosures, as they require so little room,
and lastly, some varieties are greatly improved by working them on the quince, the fruit
being more delicious and the trees more productive than when worked on pear stocks.
In commenting thus favorably on dwarf trees, we do not wish to be understood as un»
derrating the value of standards ; both have their advantages. While some sorts are better
dwarfed, others should only be planted as standards ; that most popular sort, the Bartlett,
belongs to the latter class. We might name several other prominent ones that should be
placed on the same list. Variety, soil and space should be the main points upon which to
decide between selecting standard or dwarf trees.
We must, however, state from our own experience and observation, that no one will
succeed in raising a durable and productive tree on the quince stock unless he is willing to
give it a good supply of manure and deep and thorough cultivation, together with a careful
and judicious annual pruning. By attention to this, and the selection of such varieties as
are known to succeed well on the quince, the cultivator will be astonished at the beauty,
the size and the excellence, as well as the quality of pears which will be produced.
The following is one of the many examples of profit arising from pear culture :
We planted, in 1862, one hundred standard trees, one year from bud (mere switches),
and the following year set fifty more of the same age. 1866 we picked from these trees six
crates of pears, of one bushel each, that sold in New York for $73. The product of the
orchard has increased annually since that date up to 1871, when the receipts for that year,
28
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
after paying freight and commission, amounted to about $500 ; in 1872 over $600, and in 1873
upwards of $1,000 was realized. The
trees were set 20 feet apart, occupying
not quite one and one-half acres of
land.
The Old Dominion Fruit-growing
Co.'s pear orchard, in Surrey Co.,Va.,
is probably one of the most valuable
and profitable orchards in the coun-
try. In this orchard are now planted
over 19,000 Bartlett, 600 Clapp's Fav-
orite, 100 Boykin's June, and a few
trees each of many other kinds — a
total of over 20,000 trees, all stand-
ards. One entire crop from this or-
chard netted in Boston and Xew York
markets, $3.41 a crate ; another crop
netted over $4. In one season the net
proceeds were over §14,000.
Similar instances beyond number
could be given, but we think the above
sufficient, to convince any one of the
great profit of pear culture.
Let the selection of varieties be
judiciously made, and with good cul-
ture success is reasonably certain.
SUMMER PEARS.
Bartlett. Large ; yellow, with a
soft blush on the sunny side ; flesh
white, exceedingly fine-grained and
buttery, sweet, very juicy, with a
highly perfumed, vinous flavor.
This is justly esteemed one of the
very best pears in cultivation, and
deserves a place in every collection ;
bears early and well. July and
August. (See engraving, page 29. )
Bloodgood. Medium size; flesh
yellowish white, buttery and melt-
ing, with a rich, sugary, highly aro-
matic flavor ; tree very productive.
July.
Boykin's June. Below medium
Pear Tree Bearing Size. size \ yellow, with a reddish brown
cheek ; flesh white, sweet, not of
high flavor but its earliness and handsome appearance make it a desirable market va-
riety. Originated in Isle of Wight Co., this state. Season first to middle of July.
Clapp's Favorite. A first-rate earlv variety, which is rapidly growing in favor ; resem-
bles the Bartlett in appearance, but ripens a week or ten days earlier ; one of the best
native sorts. Fruit large; skin smooth, yellowish green, becoming yellow, dotted and
shaded with red next the sun ; flesh yellowish white, juicy and melting ; of very good
quality. Last of July. (See engraving, page 30. )
Comet, or Lawson. This pear is now attracting a good deal of attention, and promises to
be a profitable sort for the earlv market. The tree is a vigorous grower and very pro-
ductive ; fruit above medium size, and of most beautiful crimson color, on yellow ground;
flesh crisp and pleasant, though not of best quality. Ripens early in July.
Early Harvest. Fruit medium size; skin pale yellow at maturity, with blush next to
sun ; flesh white, tender, sweet ; among the best of its season. July.
GifTard. {Beurre>Giffard.) A new pear, rather above medium size ; flesh white, melting,
juicy, with an excellent, vinous flavor, delightfully perfumed ; a valuable early pear ;
"productive ; tree a slender grower. Ripens in July.
Ho^enschenck. {Moore's White Pound.) Large; light yellowish green, rarely with a
blush • flesh rather coarse, tender, juicy, slightly vinous, melting ; flavor pleasant ; a
good market sort ; deservedlv growing in favor. First to middle of August.
Descriptive Catalogue. 29
Bartlett Pear. (See page 28. )
Jargonelle. Of French origin. An old variety, desirable on account of its extreme earli-
ness ; small, bell-shaped ; slight blush to the sun. June.
Lie Conte. Supposed to be a hybrid between the old Chinese Sand pear and a cultivated
variety. Fruit large, pyriform ; skin smooth ; tree of remarkable vigor and rapid
growth ; foliage luxuriant ; has so far been nearly free from blight ; commences to bear
early, and is extremely prolific ; fruit ships well, and has been sold in the Boston and
New York markets at very high prices ; quality variable. Probably no new variety of
fruit has ever attracted so much attention in the South as this. Ripens a few days be-
fore Bartlett. Crown onlv as a standard.
Madeleine. Medium size; skin pale, yellowish green, rarely a faint brownish blush;
flesh very juicy and melting, with an agreeable, delicate, fine, refreshing flavor ; a very
good early pear, but the tree is liable to blight. Last of June to ioth of July.
Margaret. (Petite Marguerite.) Medium size ; skin greenish yellow, with brownish red
cheek, and covered with greenish dots ; flesh fine, melting, juicy, vinous, and of first
quality ; tree a vigorous, upright grower, and an early and abundant bearer ; succeeds
admirably as a standard or dwarf ; worthy of special attention. August.
Manning's Elizabeth. Fruit small, yellow, with a livelv red cheek; flesh white, juicy
and very melting, sweet and sprightly. Tree hardy and exceedingly productive. We
regard this as one of the most valuable early dessert pears, and should be in every col-
lection. Season, August.
Clapp's
Favorite Pear. (See page 28.)
Descriptive Catalogue.
3i
Ott. Small, greenish yellow, netted with russet, reddish on the sunny side ; flesh melting,
sugary, rich, perfumed and aromatic. This is a seedling of the Seckel, but not quite
equal to it ; valuable for its earliness. July.
Osband's Summer. Medium size, yellow, with a reddish brown cheek ; flesh white,
granular, with a sweet, mild and fine flavor; first-rate in its best state, but soon loses
its flavor when mature ; productive. July.
Souvenir du Congress. Fruit quite large ; skin smooth, a handsome yellow at maturity,
with red or carmine on the side exposed to the sun ; flesh much like Bartlett, with less
of its musky flavor. The tree is a poor grower, and quite liable to blight. On account
of its very large size, quality and earliness, it is a valuable variety for the amateur, but
we cannot recommend it for general cultivation. First of August.
Summer Doyenne. {Doyenne d1 Ete.) Small ; flesh white, melting, juicy, with a pleas-
ant, sweet'flavor ; tree a good grower, and productive ; one of the best very early pears.
First to middle of July.
Tyson. Medium or large ; bright yellow, with a reddish brown, softly shaded cheek, some-
times russeted ; flesh of fine texture, buttery, very melting, juicy ; flavor nearly sweet,
aromatic, slightly perfumed, excellent. August.
Wilder. A beautiful early pear, bell shaped, yellow with slight blush ; flesh yellow, fine
grained, subacid ; does not rot at the core. Tree vigorous and bears young. July.
AUTUMN PEARS.
Angouleme. {Duchesse d' Angouleme.) Very large, dull greenish yellow, streaked and
spotted with russet ; flesh white, buttery and very juicy, with a rich and very excellent
flavor ; on young standard trees the fruit is variable, but on the quince, to which stock
this variety seems well adapted, it is always fine. The large size and fine appearance
of this fruit make it a general favorite. September to November.
Anjou. [Beurre d? An jo >u.) Large, greenish, sprinkled with russet, sometimes shaded
with dull crimson ; flesh whitish, buttery, melting, with a high, rich, vinous, excellent
flavor ; very productive ; succeeds well on the quince ; should be in every orchard. Oc-
tober and November.
Bosc. {Beurre Bosc.) Large, deep yellow, russeted in patches ; flesh juicy, buttery, rich,
perceptibly perfumed, sweet, excellent; a regular bearer; does not succeed on the
quince. Tree a slender, irregular grower. September and October.
Brignais. {Betirre de Brigfiais.) {Des Nonnes.) This very excellent pear is of medium
size, smooth, greenish, with numerous gray dots ; flesh white, very juicy, sweet, melt-
ing, and delicious ; an early and abundant bearer. August and September.
Brandyvvine. Rather above medium size, dull, yellowish green, dotted and sprinkled
with russet, and a slight red cheek on the exposed side ; flesh white, juicy, melting,
sugary and vinous, somewhat aromatic ; uniformly productive. August.
Blight Proof. This ironclad against blight is indeed an acquisition. It seems to have in-
herited all the health and vigor of its parent, the Sand Pear ; the fruit is large to very
large, conical, smooth, with beautiful greenish yellow surface ; flesh is tender and very
juicy ; the tree is an upright, strong and handsome grower ; bears young and enormously.
Should be in every collection where a good fruit and annual bearer is desired. First-
rate for market. August and September.
BufT'um. Medium size, yellow, with a broad reddish brown cheek, somewhat russeted ;
flesh white, buttery, sweet, and of excellent flavor ; valuable for its fair fruit and fine
bearing qualities. September and October.
Belle Lucrative. Above medium size, yellowish green ; melting and fine ; a good grower
and bearer ; does well on the quince ; one of the very best pears, and should be in every
collection. August and September.
Boussock. {Doyenne Boussock.) Large, bright lemon-yellow, sometimes partly russeted,
with a reddish brown cheek ; flesh buttery, melting, very juicy, with a first-rate flavor,
resembling that of White Doyenne ; tree vigorous ; an early and good bearer ; succeeds
well on the quince. September.
Cornice. {Doyenne du Cornice.) Large, yellow, often with a faint blush, and slightly
russeted ; flesh white, fine, melting, a little buttery, juicy, sweet, rich, slightly aromatic ;
very good ; a promising variety. September to November.
Dewey's Premium. Of oriental type ; originated in Ohio ; the fruit is large, beautiful
golden russet, flushed with red to the sun ; the quality is good but like most pears it
should be picked before fully ripe and ripened slowly to attain perfection ; bears early,
very productive ; excellent for market and canning. " Fall.
Flemish Beauty. Large ; skin pale yellow, but mostly covered with marblings and patches
of light russet, becoming reddish brown at maturity on the sunny side ; flesh yellowish
white, not fine grained, but juicy, melting, saccharine and rich. In good soils and open
situations the Flemish Beauty, when in perfection, is one of the most superb pears ; the
tree is hardy, and bears early and abundantly. The fruit should be gathered sooner
than most pears, and ripened in the house ; they are then always fine ; otherwise often
poor. September.
32 Franklin Davis Nursf.rv Co.
Kieffcr Pear.
Garber. A seedling of the Japan Hybrid, raised by Dr. J. B. Garber, of Pennsylvania;
resembles Kieffer, yet is larger, of better quality and very productive, and especially
valuable for canning. Tree a strong grower, bears early and abundantly. ''Bound to
win favor for market." Free from blight. September and October.
Howell. Rather large, light waxen yellow, often with a finely-shaded cheek, and covered
with dots and patches of russet ; flesh white, rather coarse and granular, with a rich,
perfumed, aromatic flavor ; a profuse bearer. August.
Idaho. This new pear comes from its home in Idaho well recommended; it has attracted
much attention and been received with general favor ; thought to be a seedling of the
Bartlett ; the tree is nearly identical in color of wood and habit of growth with Bartlett,
possibly a trifle more upright ; the fruit is large, handsome and globular; yellow skin,
flesh white, very fine grained and tender, the core being quite small. Ripens a month
later than Bartlett.
Kieffer. {Kieffcr' s Hybrid.) A new variety originated near Philadelphia, and supposed
to be a cross between the Chinese Sand Pear and the Bartlett. Tree a very vigorous
grower and an early and abundant bearer. Fruit medium to large ; skin yellow, with a
bright vermilion cheek ; flesh brittle, very juicy, of good quality ; valuable for market or
family use; succeeds best as a standard.' September.
Descriptive Catalogue.
33
Louise Bonne de Jersey. Large ; pale, yellowish green, with a brownish cheek ; flesh
yellowish white, very juicy, buttery, melting, rich, faintly subacid, fine. This variety
is scarcely of the highest quality, but is eminently valuable for its large, fair fruits, free
growth and great productiveness ; succeeds admirably and grows with great vigor on
the quince stock, and should be worked on no other. September and October.
Mount Vernon. A very good pear of medium to large size; russet on yellow ground,
brownish red in the sun ; flesh yellowish, juicy, melting, slightly vinous and aromatic.
October and November.
Onondaga. {Swan's Orange.) Large size ; color yellow ; flesh buttery, melting, abound-
ing in juice, slightly granular. September to November.
Butter. Rather large ; skin rough, greenish yellow, with some russet; flesh white, juicy,
sweet and slightly vinous ; very good ; bears early and abundantly. September and
October.
Sheldon. Medium size ; yellow on greenish russet, with a richly shaded cheek ; flesh a
little coarse, melting, juicy, with a very brisk, vinous, highly perfumed flavor ; produc-
tive. Grown only as a standard. October.
Superfin. {Beurre ^uperfin.) Medium size ; yellow, shaded with crimson on the sunny
side, partly covered with russet and sprinkled with dots ; flesh exceedingly juicy, but-
tery, melting, with a brisk, vinous or subacid flavor ; never known to crack ; tree vig-
orous. October.
Seckel. Small ; skin brownish green at first, becoming dull, yellowish brown, with a lively
russet-red cheek ; flesh whitish, buttery, very juicy and melting, with a peculiarly rich,
spicy flavor and aroma. This variety is pronounced by good judges the richest and
most exquisitely flavored pear known, and we may add that the tree is the healthiest
and hardiest of all pear trees, forming a compact and symmetrical head, and bearing
regular and abundant crops at the ends of the branches. In view of all this, it is easy
to see that we consider no collection complete without it. It ripens gradually from the
middle of August to the middle of September.
Urbaniste. Rather large ; skin pale yellow or greenish, faintly russeted ; flesh white, but-
tery, very melting and rich, with a copious, delicious juice, delicately perfumed. The
delicious flavor, good size and handsome appearance, together with the healthy habit of
the tree, render this one of the most valuable kinds ; bears abundantly. October.
White Doyenne. Rather large ; skin smooth, clear, pale yellow, sprinkled with small
dots, and often with a red cheek ; flesh of very fine texture, very buttery, melting, rich,
highly flavored and delicious. A worthy pomologist has said that this " is unquestion-
ably one of the most perfect of autumn pears." It fails, however, in some localities,
which may be owing to a deficiency in the soil ; but where it succeeds well, should be
planted. September and October.
WINTER PEARS.
Bordeaux. {Duchesse de Bordeaux.) Medium size ; skin thick, green, changing to yel-
low, with russet lines and dots ; flesh white, tender and sweet ; a valuable late sort in
the South. December to February.
Easter Beurre. Large size ; yellowish green, sprinkled with russet dots, and sometimes
considerably russeted ; flesh white, fine-grained, very buttery, melting and juicy, with
a sweet, rich flavor ; tree a rough grower in the nursery. December to March.
Lawrence. Rather large; yellow, covered with brown dots; flesh whitish, slightly gran-
ular, sometimes buttery, with a very rich, aromatic flavor; unsurpassed amongst the
early winter pears ; succeeds well on the quince ; ripens with little care ; should be in
every orchard ; tree healthy, hardy and productive. November and December.
Pound. Very large ; yellowish green, with a brown cheek, sprinkled with russet dots ;
flesh firm and solid ;" stews red ; is excellent baked or preserved, for which purpose only
it is used. October and November.
President Drouard. This very promising variety was introduced by us from France
some years ago, and our experience with it so far leads us to believe that it will prove
to be the most valuable winter pear for this section. Fruit large, often very large, hand-
some, and of very good quality ; tree hardy and a vigorous grower, and an abundant
bearer. January tc March.
A^icar. {Vicar of Winkfield.) Large; pale yellow, with sometimes a brownish cheek;
flesh greenish white, juicy, but sometimes buttery, with a good, sprightly flavor ; in some
sections a very profitable market pear, but seldom succeeds South.
Winter Nelis. Medium size ; dull russet; flesh yellowish white, fine-grained, buttery and
melting ; abounding with juice of a rich, saccharine, aromatic flavor ; the tree is a slen-
der, strangling grower, but a good bearer. November and December.
To aid the inexperienced in making their selections, we have carefully prepared the fol-
lowing lists ; one for cultivation as standards on pear stocks, the other to be grown as dwarfs
on the quince root. In both lists the varieties are put down in about the order of ripening.
FOR STANDARDS.
Summer Doyenne, Manning's Elizabeth, Le Conte,
Osband's Summer, Tyson, Rartlett,
Giffard, Clapp's Favorite. Howell,
34
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Belle Lucrative,
Boussock,
Seckel,
Flemish Beauty,
Buffum,
Idaho,
Summer Doyenne,
Osband's Summer,
Manning's Elizabeth,
Tyson,
Howell,
Brignais,
Brandywine,
Dewey's Premium,
Angouleme,
Superfin,
Kieffer,
Sheldon,
Cornice, •
FOR DWARFS.
Belle Lucrative,
Buffum,
Superfin,
Angouleme,
Louis Bcnne de Jersey,
Urbaniste,
Rutter,
Anjou,
Lawrence,
Bordeaux,
President Drouard,
Easter Beurre.
Cornice,
Anjou,
Lawrence,'
Bordeaux,
President Drouard,
Easter Beurre.
ADDITIONAL LIST OF PEARS.
We cultivate a considerable number of trees of some of the following kinds ; others we
propagate only on a small scale, for amateurs or those who wish a very great variety.
Many of them are new, and no doubt upon further trial will prove worthy of the very first
rank ; others ma}r be found unworthy of cultivation, and shall be promptly discarded from
our catalogue. We should add that many of them are old and popular kinds, and would
be added to the Descriptive List were it not already too long.
Amanlis,
Andre Desportes,
Beurre de l'Assomption,
Brockworth Park,
Big Bartlett,
Big Seckel,
Bessemianka,
Catillac,
Clairgeau,
Dearborn,
Deil,
Dana's Hovey,
Dewey's Premium,
Edwards,
Early Green Sugar,
Figue d'Alencon,
Friedrich Clapp,
Glout Morceau,
Hebe,
Hardy,
Jones' Seedling,
Josephine de Malines,
Kingsessing,
Langelier,
Pollard's Favorite,
Pitmaston Duchess,
Pratt,
Quince Pear,
Russet,
Rostiezer,
Steven's Genesee.
SELECT PEACHES.
To a person who has tasted a luscious Rareripe, no words of praise are neededjto make
him appreciate the value of the Peach. We have the climate and opportunities to develop
this fruit to the highest standard of excellence, and it should be a source of gratification to
all that within the last few years so many valuable new varieties of merit have been intro-
duced. Formerly, it was in season for but a short period ; now, by the introduction of
of Amsden, Beatrice, etc., to our list of early varieties, and of Butler's Late, Bilyeu's Late.
Levy's Late, etc., to our late varieties, a list is given of varieties ripening along from July
to October, and later.
Owing to the greatly increased demand for the Peach, due to the development of the
canning and evaporating interests, this fruit will, no doubt, continue to be exceedingly
profitable to the orchardist who gives the business proper attention, and has a suitable
location for his orchard.
The grower in the Southern states, who has transportation facilities to market his fruit
in the Northern markets, we would advise to plant largely of the earliest varieties; they
mature and can be marketed in New York before the fruit of Delaware and Maryland is
ripe. In the New York market the early Southern Peaches always command the highest
prices, frequently selling as high as from $6 to $10 a bushel. Those situated beyond the
reach of convenient transportation should, after providing for their local markets, plant the
best sorts for canning and evaporating purposes, as these have now become very important
and profitable industries.
There is no fruit tree that makes so quick a return as the Peach. Give it reasonable
attention, and in three years from planting a fair crop may be gathered ; and the receipts
from a good orchard are something of importance, there now being many Peach growers in
Delaware and Maryland who realize from ten to twenty thousand dollars from that crop in
favorable seasons, and yet they do not have^ the advantage of the high prices that may be
Descriptive Catalogue.
35
obtained by the Southern orchardist for his earlier crop, brought into the market before the
competition that meets the Maryland and Delaware grower.
Our purpose is to grow the best trees, not the lowest-priced ones. Great care is neces-
sary to preserve the health of the young tree before it is taken to the orchard. We are
careful, therefore, to select the best seed, to use buds from healthy trees only, and, having
bearing orchards for the purpose of testing all varieties propagated in our nurseries, we are
confident that every tree will be true to name, and just as represented by us. We have
prepared a list (see page 42) for general cultivation, that comprises a succession from the
earliest to the latest ripening, embracing the best cultivated varieties; yet there are many
sorts of almost equal value omitted, because they are so near like those already on that list ;
indeed, if we were not growing trees for a very wide range of country, we would cut down
the number of varieties very considerably, as fifteen or twenty sorts will give a succession
through the season that would satisfy the most fastidious lover of this fruit, not only in suc-
cession, but in a variety of sorts for all seasons.
When the selection or varieties is left to us, those ordering will please state whether
they want them for market, for home consumption or for canning, and in such cases we will
exercise our best judgment in making a judicious selection.
Earliest Peaches. — The large profits realized by shippers of the early Peaches have
created a great demand for the trees, and propagators controlling new varieties considered
earlier than varieties heretofore grown have been able to secure very remunerative prices
for their improved stock. This has led to a sharp competition among nurserymen to secure
this trade for the "earliest Peach grown." Competing for the position as the most
profitable early Peach, there have been introduced Amsden, Alexander's Early, Waterloo,
Downing, Wilder, Saunders, Bowers' Early, etc., etc. After a careful comparison of these
varieties, we retain in our catalogue Amsden and Waterloo. Other varieties so closely
resemble these as to make it difficult to distinguish them as distinct varieties.
Alexander. One of the earliest peaches. Fruit medium size, nearly covered with crim-
son ; Mesh white and good ; valuable market variety South ; bears very young. June.
Amelia. From South Carolina. Very large and beautiful ; white, nearly covered with
crimson ; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, rich, vinous ; one of the best peaches for
home consumption, but too tender for long transportations ; freestone. Last of July.
Albright's Winter. A new peach ; originated in Guilford Co., N. C. It is of fine size
and handsome appearance ; color white, changing to light orange ; of fine quality,
juicy, sweet and rich ; clingstone. Ripens late in October, and if properly stored will
keep into December. Will probably not be valuable north of Virginia.
Amsden. {Amsden' s June.) This variety originated on the farm of L. C. Amsden, near
Carthage, Mo., fruiting for the first time in 1872. It first fruited for us on our grounds at
Richmond in 1877, ripening June 26th, or more than two weeks in advance of Hale's
Early. Tree hardy, healthy and vigorous, and a great bearer ; fruit full, medium size,
roundish; skin nearly covered with light and dark red, almost purplish in the sun,
somewhat mottled in the shade ; flesh greenish white, white at the stone, juicy, sweet,
slightly vinous and very good ; has proved quite profitable South for the early market.
This fills the place of Alexander, Bower's Early, Gov. Garland, Wilder and several
other sorts, all of which are very similar to it in appearance, time of ripening, and gen-
eral characteristics.
Baldwin's Late. Medium ; greenish white, with a red cheek ; juicy and well-flavored.
Origin, Alabama. October.
Bilyeu'S Late. Originated in Caroline Co., Md. A very late peach, ripening after Smock
Free and Salway. Fruit of large size ; color white, with a beautiful blush cheek ; tlesh
white ; freestone, and an excellent shipper.
Brandywine. A peach closely resembling Crawford's Late in appearance, but ripening
ten days later ; it is fully as large as Crawford's Late. Flesh yellow ; freestone.
Beatrice. {Early Beatrice.) Small to medium size ; dee]) mottled red; flesh melting,
juicy, vinous and of good quality ; tree exceedingly prolific ; fruit often needs thinning
to insure fair size ; blooms late, and frequently bears when other varieties are destroyed
by frost ; valuable for the latitude of Virginia and southward ; bears transportation well.
Early in July.
Butler's Late. This magnificent new freestone peach originated in the garden of J. 1.
Butler, Richmond, Va. Fruit of the very largest size ; skin greenish white, with red
cheek ; flesh white, firm and of very good flavor ; tree vigorous and very productive.
This promises to be a very valuable sort, owing to its combination of many valuable
qualities, among which are very large size, great productiveness and very late ripen-
ing, coming in after Smock, when there is usually a dearth of peaches. First to middle
of October.
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Chair's Choice
Peach. (See page 37.)
large, white-fleshed sort, ripening fifteen days
' - rine • tree vigorous and pro-
SB? quality «
BequeuFree. From California. Of immense si* ; skin white, with tec. cheek I nesh
B '"Tite 'productive for so large a fruit. September.
-^uioolou^^
Northwest. August.
v lar^e It is described as
juicy, of ex-
37
Beer's Smock. Large, yellow, oblong ; similar to the Smock, but larger, also a few days
later ; llesh firm and red next the seed ; one of the very best ; freestone. October ist.
Crawford's Early. A magnificent, large, yellow peach, of good quality ; tree exceed-
ingly vigorous and productive; its size and beauty make it one of the most popular
orchard fruits ; flesh very juicy, rich, slightly subacid, of good flavor; valuable as a
market variety ; freestone. First of August.
Crawford's Late. A superb fruit, of very large size ; skin yellow, with a broad, dark red
cheek ; flesh deep yellow, but red at the stone, juicy and melting, with a very rich and
excellent vinous flavor. This is undoubtedly one of the very best yellow peaches, and
an admirable market fruit ; tree vigorous and productive ; freestone. Middle of August.
Columbia. {Yellow Indian, Pace, etc.) Large; skin rough and thick, dull, dingy red,
with streaks of darker red ; flesh yellow, interspersed with red or pink. Last of Aug.
Chinese Cling. Fruit large, roundish, oval ; skin transparent cream color, with marbling
of red next to the sun f flesh creamy white, very juicy and melting, with a rich, agree-
able flavor. Last of July.
Crosbey. {Excelsior. Frost Proof.) This valuable peach has been tested for ten years in
the bleakest parts of New England, and in each case has proved itself to be first class
in every way. In 1886 and 1890, when there was a total failure of the peach crop, from
the late frost, the Crosbey bore its regular heavy crop. Being almost frost proof, it
should be planted generally. The fruit is medium size, bright yellow, splashed and
streaked with carmine on the sunny side ; the flesh is firm, sweet and delicious ;' stone
very small ; an enormous bearer. It ripens between Early and Late Crawford.
Chinese Free. Seedling of Chinese Cling. Large, oblong; skin white, with red cheek;
flesh firm and well flavored ; free from rot ; valuable for market. August.
Champion. This new peach comes from Illinois, recommended as an ironclad against
frost, as in 1S90, when there was a total failure of the peach crop, it bore heavily. It has
stood a temperature of 180 below zero, and bore well the following season. Fruit is of
large size ; skin creamy white, with red cheek ; the flesh is white, rich and juicy ; a per-
fect freestone and good shipper. July.
Conkling. Of large size; round, slightly sutured; yellow, marbled with crimson; flesh
yellow, very juicy, very good. Succeeds Crawford's Early.
Crockett's Late. {Crockett's Late While.') Medium size; white; flesh white, juicy and
rich ; hardy and very productive. September.
Christiana. A new, very large, fine-looking yellow peach, ripening between Crawford's
Late and Smock. Its large size, handsome appearance, and time of ripening combine
to make it a very valuable peach.
Chinese Honey. Medium size; oblong, with recurved point; white, with red cheek; of
a delicious, honeyed sweetness ; succeeds best further South. Ripens early.
Chairs' Choice. Originated in Anne Arundel Co., Md. Fruit of very large size, yellow,
with a red cheek ; flesh yellow, firm and of good quality ; tree a strong grower and a
good bearer. Ripens just before Smock.
Crimson Beauty. Clingstone ; very large ; white, with crimson nearly covering one
side; flesh white ; quality very good ; very hardy and productive. Last of September.
Early Silver. Large; melting and rich, with the vinous flavor of the White Nectarine,
its parent ; ripens early in August. One of the best.
Elberta. An exceedingly large, high-colored yellow peach — a cross between Crawford's
and Chinese Cling ; juicy, well-flavored ; said to be probably the finest yellow freestone
in existence. Ripens early in August.
Early Beauty. A large yellow freestone of Texan origin, said to be nearly equal to
Foster in size, beauty and quality. Ripens about with Troth's Early.
Family Favorite. A seedling of Chinese Cling, originated in Texas. Said to be " large,
handsome, certain and prolific ; flesh white ; valuable for shipping, canning or drying."
Freestone, ripening about with Crawford's Early.
Ford's Late. {Chinese Strain.) Large ; white, with carmine to the sun ; flesh white,
juicy ; one of the best ; freestone. October.
Foster. A new, very large peach, resembling Crawford's Early in appearance, but is
larger and somewhat earlier ; tree hardy and productive. First of August.
Fox's Seedling. Large ; skin white, with a red cheek ; llesh melting, sweet and good ; a
desirable sort for canning or marketing. First of September.
Glohe. Origin Pennsylvania. Tree a rapid grower and an enormous bearer ; large ; golden
yellow, with a red blush ; flesh firm, sweet and delicious ; uniformly large ; freestone.
September 20th to October ist.
Golden Drop. Large, fine quality, handsome and hardy ; valuable for market ; a Mich-
igan favorite ; freestone. September.
General Lee. Seedling of Chinese Cling, of same description, ten days earlier, and less
inclined to rot ; clingstone. July 25th.
Geary's Hold-On. Large, yellow peach, seedling of the Smock ; fruit large ; pale lemon-
yellow ; ripens a little later than Smock.
38 Franklin Davis Nursery l,o.
Elberia Peach. (See page 37. )
Grand Admirable Clin*?- Full medium size; skin white, nearly covered with red; a
very handsome and excellent peach, and a good bearer. First of August.
Grosse 3Iignoiine. {Royal Kensington.) Fruit large ; dull white, with red cheek ; flesh
pale, juicy, with a very rich, high, somewhat vinous flavor ; a free grower and good
bearer ; separates from the stone, which is small. First of August.
George the Fourth. Of large size and of the highest flavor; skin nearly white, with a
red cheek ; flesh pale, slightly red at the stone, melting, juicy, rich and excellent ; tree
very vigorous and moderately productive ; freestone. Last of July.
Golden Dwarf. {Van Buren's.) This very distinct and attractive variety originated in
Georgia ; the tree is of diminutive growth, seldom attaining more than four or five feet
in height ; foliage dense, which it retains until quite late in the season ; fruit large ; skin
yellow, with a red cheek ; flesh yellow, subacid, adhering firmly to the stone ; quite
hardy and free from disease. Ripens last of September.
Heath Freestone. A fine peach ; fruit large ; skin white ; flesh juicy, rather tender, with
a good flavor. Beginning of September.
Harker. (Harper's Seedling.) Large, red ; flesh white, red at the stone, juicy, rich ; one
of the best flavored peaches grown, and well deserving of the high favor in which it is
held by those who know it. Middle of August.
Heath Cling. This is, perhaps, the very best of the late clingstone peaches. Its very large
size, beautiful appearance, high and luscious flavor, combined with its late maturity,
and the long time it may be kept after taken from the tree, render it a most \aluable
sort for market. Fruit very large ; skin pale yellowish white, with a faint blush or tinge
of red in the sun ; flesh greenish white, very tender and melting, exceedingly juicy, with
a sweet, rich, high and luscious flavor; tree hardy and vigorous. Middle of Septem-
ber, and sometimes keeps a month after taken from the tree.
Hyne's Surprise. A very early peach of good quality ; highly colored ; similar to Water-
loo, but earlier. June.
Family Favorite Peach. (See page 37.)
Hale's Early. An excellent peach when it succeeds, but unfortunately it is so liable to rot
before and at time ~f ripening that it is lot advisable to plant it in some places on that
account ; it does, however, succeed well in some sections, and mostly in the elevated
lands towards and among the mountains, and there should have a place in the orchard;
it is of handsome appearance, and well-flavored. Ripens about 5th of July.
Hill's Chili. A great favorite for market in the cold northwest, on account of its extreme
hardiness and heavy bearing. Fruit medium size, oblong ; skin yellow, shaded with
dark red ; flesh yellow, very rich and sweet; freestone. October 1st.
Italian Dwarf. Medium size ; greenish white ; flesh white, juicy and rich ; freestone.
This most singular tree will commence bearing when but twelve or fifteen inches high,
and seldom exceeds three or four feet ; foliage very large, deep green ; a very desirable
sort, ripening very late.
Jaques Rareripe. Very large, deep yellow ; highly esteemed where known. Last of
August.
Keyport White. White ; medium to large ; white-fleshed and white at the seed ; slight
blush on the upper side ; tree a great bearer ; popular as a canning variety ; ripens
with Smock.
Lady Parham. Of Southern origin. Fruit of medium size ; skin greenish white, with
sometimes a blush cheek ; flesh white, juicy, vinous and highly flavored ; a first-rate
variety ; freestone. Last of September.
Lady Ingold. A large, handsome, yellow freestone, ripening immediately after Hale's
Early ; resembles Crawford's Early in size and appearance ; quality very good ; prom-
ises to be a valuable acquisition.
La Grange. Large ; greenish white, slightly reddened in the sun ; flesh white to the stone,
juicy, sweet and rich ; the lateness and color of this peach make it a desirable sort for
canning or preserving ; freestone. Middle of September.
Large Red Rareripe. A most excellent peach, ripening early in August. Fruit large;
skin greenish white, dotted, and with a beautiful, rich red cheek , flesh white, red at the
stone, melting and juicy, with a sweet and rich flavor.
4^
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Large Early York. Is rather large and a beautiful peach, well worthy a place in every
good collection. The tree is vigorous and productive ; fruit dotted with red in the shade,
deep red cheek to the sun ; flesh nearly white, fine grained, very juicy, with a mild,
rich, excellent flavor ; a very valuable sort. Twenty-fifth of July.
Late Rareripe. Large ; pale, greenish yellow, marbled and covered with reddish spots ;
cheek deep, dull red, mottled with fawn-colored specks ; flesh white, but red at the
stone ; very juicy, melting, and of a rich, high flavor ; very productive. Early in Sep-
tember.
Lemon Cling. A very large and beautiful lemon-shaped variety ; light yellow, reddened
in the sun ; flesh firm, yellow, rich, with a vinous, subacid flavor ; fine for preserving ;
tree very hardy and productive. Last of August.
Levy's Late. {Henrietta.) A new late clingstone, which originated in the garden of W.
W. Levy, Washington, D. C. Fruit large, roundish ; skin deep yellow, a shade of rich
brownish red in the sun ; flesh deep yellow, rather firm, juicy, half-melting, sweet ; very
good and a valuable variety. First to last of October.
Lord Palmerston. Very large ; creamy white, with pink cheek ; flesh firm, yet melting,
very juicy and rich. Last of September.
Louise. {Early Louise ) Origin same as that of Early Beatrice and Earlv Rivers. Me-
dium size ; bright red ; melting, juicy and excellent ; valuable. Middle of July.
McCallister. Large yellow freestone of first quality. September.
Moore's Favorite. A handsome, large peach, white, with blush to the sun ; flesh white,
tender and juicy ; freestone. August.
Mnir. A large yellow freestone ; very valuable for canning and drying ; seedling from
California. September.
3Ioimtain Rose. A variety of very great value ; very profitable for market, and is steadilv
growing in favor. Fruit large, roundish ; skin whitish, nearlv covered with light and
dark, rich red ; flesh white, slightly stained at the stone, juicv, sweet ; separates freeN
from the stone. Ripens just after Troth's Early.
Morris1 AVhite. Rather large ; skin creamy white, tinged with red in the sun ; flesh
slightly firm, white to the stone, melting and juicy, with an excellent flavor; tree vig
orous, and bears fair crops ; one of the very best for preserving, on account of the entire
absence of red at the stone. Middle of August.
Mary's Favorite. Large ; skin white, sometimes a purple cheek on exposed side ; flesh
white to the stone, juicy, sweet and rich ; an excellent sort for canning. Last of August.
Xix Late. A large, late, oblong clingstone from Georgia ; white, tinged with red ; flesh
white, of fair quality. October.
Oldmixon Freestone. Is a fine, large, productive variety, succeeding well in all localities,
and well deserving of the high favor in which it is held'as an orchard variety ; skin vel-
lowish white, with deep red cheek ; flesh white, but red at the stone, tender, rich,
excellent ; indispensable. Middle of August.
Oldmixon Clingstone. Large ; yellowish white, dotted with red on a red cheek ; flesh
pale white, very melting and juicy, with an exceedingly rich, luscious flavor; one of the
most desirable clingstone peaches. Middle of August.'
Orange Freestone. A large, handsome peach, of fine qnality ; skin white, with some-
times a faint blush ; flesh juicy, tender, very good. First of September.
Picqnet's Late. This very valuable late peach originated in Georgia, and has been dis-
seminated over a wide extent of country, and succeeds well generally. It has been
planted to a considerable extent in Maryland and Virginia, and has proved a very
excellent and profitable sort. Fruit large and handsome ; skin yellow, with red cheek :
flesh yellow, melting, sweet, and of the highest flavor. We recommend it to the orchardist
for its many valuable qualities. Ripens about with Smock.
President. Large; skin pale, yellowish green, with a red cheek; flesh white, but red at
stone, juicy, melting, rich and high flavored. Middle of August.
Peen-To or Flat Peach of China. A very early clingtone, shaped like a biscuit, being
flattened from stem to point ; succeds well in Florida, but is of little value north of that
state.
Rivers. {Early Rivers.) One of Rivers' seedlings, introduced from England. Large ;
color pale straw, with a delicate pink cheek ; flesh melting, or rather dissolving, with a
rich, racy flavor ; ripens ten days later than Early Beatrice. The best peach of its season.
Red Cheek Melocoton. A famous old. well-known and popular variety, extensively
cultivated as a market fruit ; fruit large ; skin yellow, with a deep red cheek ; flesh red
at the stone, juicy, with a good, rich, vinous flavor ; productive ; freestone. Middle of
August.
Reeves' Favorite. Fruit large, roundish, with a fine red cheek ; flesh deep yellow, red
at stone, juicy, melting, with a good vinous flavor. One of the largest and handsomest
peaches ; should be in every orchard. First of September.
Ringgold Cling. Said to be larger and in every way superior to Heath Cling, with
which it ripens.
Descriptive Catalogue.
4i
Raymond. Cling. Large ; greenish yellow, with a fine red cheek ; flesh white, juicy,
sweet and very good ; well deserves a place in the orchard. Middle of September.
Richmond. A new, handsome, yellow peach of large size ; flesh yellow, very juicy>
melting, much sweeter than Crawford's Early ; ripens a few days after that variety-
Quite an acquisition.
Sallie Worrell. A new variety, from Wilson, N. C; fruit very large, sometimes measur-
ing fourteen inches in circumference ; color creamy white, shaded and splashed with
pale to deep red ; flesh firm, very juicy and delicious ; begins to ripen last of August,
and continues several weeks ; do not think it will do well north of Virginia ; freestone.
Susquehanna. A very handsome and valuable peach ; originated on the banks of the
Susquehanna river, in Pennsylvania ; a great favorite wherever known. Fruit of the
largest size, sometimes measuring twelve inches in circumference ; skin rich yellow,
with a beautiful red cheek ; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, with a rich, vinous flavor ; the
best of all the yellow-fleshed peaches ; freestone ; a moderate bearer. Twenty-fifth of
August.
Salway. A large late, yellow freestone, of English origin ; handsomely mottled, with a
brownish red cheek ; flesh deep yellow, juicy, melting, rich ; very productive ; a variety
growing more and more in favor with the orchardist. Ripens after Smock. Free.
Smock Free. Rather large ; yellow, with a red cheek ; flesh yellow, red at the stone ;
very productive ; not of high excellence, but valuable as a market variety, in the Dela-
ware and Maryland peach-growing district this variety is planted perhaps more exten-
sively than any other sort, and large profits have been realized from it. It succeeds well m
Eastern Virginia, but west of the ridge is not so valuable. Middle to last of September
Steadley. Fruit medium, roundish, inclining to oblong; skin whitish, or creamy white,
shaded and mottled with light and dark red where fully exposed to the sun ; freestone
Ripens with and closely resembles La Grange.
Stump the World. Large ; creamy white, with a bright red cheek ; flesh white, juicy and
high-flavored ; very productive ; one of the best market varieties. Middle of August.
Sener. Large ; yellow, with deep red cheek ; deep pink around the stone; sweet, rich and
very juicy ; free stone. October.
Steven's Rareripe. Large, oblong; white, nearly covered with red, very highly colored
and beautiful ; heavy bearer, and free from disease ; freestone. October 1st.
Stonewall Jackson. Resembles General Lee in size and quality, about a week later ;
tree a compact grower ; clingstone. August 1st.
Schumacher. A very early peach, similar to Alexander in many ways ; it is more highly
colored and more showy : very good quality. June.
Snow's Orange. Large, yellow ; very hardy and productive ; valuable for market ; free-
stone. September.
Troth's Early. A very early and excellent peach, of medium size; whitish, with a fine,
red cheek ; flesh juicy, sweet and very good ; one of the most popular and profitable
varieties for early marketing. We are propagating it largely for that purpose. Middle
of July.
Tippecanoe Cling. Very large; skin yellow, with a fine red cheek ; flesh yellow, juicy,
with a good, vinous flavor. September.
Tillotson. {Early Tiliotson.) Well deserving of the high favor in which it is held ; fruit
medium size ; skin dotted in the shade, dark, deep red in the sun ; flesh whitish, red at
the stone, to which it partially adheres ; juicy, rich and high-flavored ; one of the best
early peaches for the South ; does not do so well North. Middle of July.
Wager. Large, skin yellow, with a red cheek ; flesh yellow, juicy, and of fine flavor ; a
very certain and abundant bearer ; valuable market sort. Last of August.
Wonderful. From New Jersey. Large, almost globular, slightly pointed apex, uniform
size and shape; rich golden yellow, partly covered with bright carmine; flesh yellow,
rich, high flavored, firm ; freestone. One of the best for shipping. October.
Ward's Late. A fine variety; ripening last of August ; vigorous and productive; fruit
rather large ; skin white, with a fine, crimson cheek ; flesh white, juicy, melting and ex-
cellent ; valuable for canning and for market purposes.
Waterloo. A seedling ; originated in Waterloo, N. Y. Size, medium to large; good
specimens measuring nine inches in circumference and weighing five ounces ; form
round, with a deep suture on one side ; color pale, whitish green in the shade, marbled
red, deepening into dark, purple-crimson in the sun ; flesh greenish white, with abund-
ance of sweet, vinous juice ; adheres considerably to the stone, like Hale's, Amsden,
etc. Ripens with Amsden.
Wheatland. An extensive fruit grower says : " It is the largest, hardiest, best, most pro-
ductive and handsomest of its season, filling a gap just before Crawford's Late, which
it excels. Though crowded on the tree, the fruit was all large." This is high praise, and
we hope that on further trial it will be found still worthy of it. See engraving, page 42.
Yellow Rareripe, or Yellow Alherge. One of the earliest of the yellow-fleshed
peaches; fruit of medium size: skin yellow, with a purplish red cheek: flesh yellow.
r;ec? at the stone, juicy, sweet and pleasant ; freestone. Twentieth of July.
42
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
IVJieatland Peach.
Yellow St. John. (F/r/fa's St. John.') A large, roundish, yellow freestone, ripening a
little before Troth's Early ; skin orange-yellow, with a deep red cheek ; flesh yellow,
juicy, sweet and high flavored. This is the earliest good yellow peach we have, and
must prove a profitable sort for the early market.
Below we give a list made up of very choice varieties, but do not recommend planting
so many sorts in one orchard. One-half the number will give a succession throughout the
peach season, and one that will render better satisfaction to the orchardist than if he were to
plant them all. They will be found to ripen about in the order in which they are put down
in the list :
Amsden,
Beatrice,
Rivers,
Tillotson,
Yellow St.
Troth's Early
Mountain Rose,
Amelia,
Large Early York,
Crawford 's'Early,
John,
Chinese Cling,
( Hdmixon Free,
Stump the World.
Large Red Rareripe,
( Hdmixon Cling,
Crawford's Late,
Elberta,
Grand Admirable Cling,
Susquehanna,
Mary's Favorite,
Reeve's Favorite,
Late Rareripe,
Ward's Late,
La Grange,
Heath Cling,
Smock Free,
Sal way,
Picquet's Late,
Bilyeu's Late,
Levy's Late.
ADDITIONAL VARIETIES.
Some of the following sorts we can furnish in large quantities, but the most of them are
only cultivated in small numbers, and but few trees of such varieties can be supplied. The
select list will be found to contain a general assortment of the rhoicest kinds of the different
seasons, and comprises as great a variety as will be found necessarv or profitable :#
Descri ptive Catalogue.
45
Arkansas Traveler.
Atlanta,
Brenneman Cling,
Bordeaux Cling,
Bergen's Yellow,
Bid well's Early,
Baltimore,
Bovver's Early,
Briggs' Red May,
Blood Cling,
Bill Arp,
Bishop's Early,
Callaway Cling,
Cadle's Favorite,
Catherine Cling,
Cooledge Favorite,
Comet (Rivers),
Druid Hill,
Double Flowering (Crimson i
Double Flowering (Pink),
Double Flowering (Purple),
Downing,
English Cling,
Eldred Cling,
Early Canada,
Early Newington,
Early Freestone,
Eaton's Golden Cling,
Gov. Garland,
( Goshawk,
Gem Cling,
General Green,
Hvne's Surprise,
Hill's Seedling,
Harper's Early,
Hawkin's Winter,
Honeywell,
Harvey's Seedling,
Indian" Blood,
Jan-ell's Late White,
Leatherby's Late,
Large Red Cling,
Mi mstrous Pompone,
Moomaw,
Nix's Late White,
Nanticoke,
Newington Free,
Old Newington Cling,
( Inward,
Poplar,
Prince of Wales,
Parker's Late,
Ruding's Late,
Rose Hill Free,
Saunders,
Sharp's Early,
Silver Medal,
Shipley's Late,
Shepherd's Early,
Sleeper's Dwarf,
Thurber,
Temple White,
Tuckahoe Late,
Wilder,
Wheeler's Late Kellom,
White Blossom.
SELECT PLUMS.
The Plum will grow vigorously in almost every part of this country, but it only bears "\
finest and most abundant crops in heavy loams, or where there is considerable clay ; it \r
bloom and set a fine crop in a sandy soil, but in such soils it generally falls a prey to the
curculio, and drops prematurely. There are, however, some varieties that succeed very
well in such situations.
The curculio, a small brown insect, commences its depredations on this fruit as soon as
it has attained the size of a pea, and continues its course of destruction until the crop is
matured. It makes a small, crescent-shaped incision in the fruit, and -lays its egg in the
opening ; the egg hatches into a worm, which feeds upon the fruit, causing it to fall prema-
turely. The only preventive that is known to succeed with any degree of certainty is to
place a white sheet under the tree early in the morning, when cool, and by jarring the tree
suddenly the insect falls upon the cloth, and, being stiff, can easily be caught. By com-
mencing this as soon as the fruit is formed and continuing it daily for about three weeks,
you may be able to save a good crop.
Exemption may not be secured from black fungus, or knot, but if branches affected by
it are promptly removed and burned, and the trees are given careful cultivation, the injury
to the trees will seldom be great.
Bingham. Large, handsome and excellent ; skin deep yellow, spotted with red on
sunny side ; flesh yellow, adhering to the stone ; juicy, and of rich and delicious flavor;
productive. First of August.
Blackmail. A seedling of Wild Goose. Originated near Nashville, Tenn., by Dr. Black-
man. Tree is a fine grower, and resembles *he peach very much in habit and foliage,
tree from which it was a seedling having stood near a peach ; fruit similar to Wild Goose
in size and color, but ripening later and of better quality ; flesh firm and juicy. Will
no doubt prove a profitable variety for market.
Bradshnw. Very large, dark violet-red, juicy and good; tree vigorous and very produc-
tive. July.
Coe's Golden Drop. One of the largest, most beautiful and valuable of late plums ;
light yellow; flesh yellow, firm, rich and sweet; adheres to the stone; productive.
Last of August.
Cherry, or Myrobolan. A beautiful plum, of small size ; color lively red ; flesh greenish,
melting, soft, very juicy, with a pleasant, lively, subacid flavor; adheres closely to the
stone ; generally escapes injury from the curculio. First of July.
Damson. (Common Damson.) Superseded by Shropshire Damson. September.
Fellenberg. (//a/ian Prune.) Medium size; dark blue; flesh juicy, sweet and good;
separates from the stone. Last of August
German Prune. A valuable plum, of fair quality for the table, but most esteemed for
drving and preserving; fruit long, oval ; skin purple, with a thick blue bloom; flesh
firm, green, sweet and pleasant ; separates from the stone.
Gueii. {Blue Magnum Bonum ) A huge, handsome plum ; flesh yellowish green, rather
coarse, sweet and pleasant ; valuable tor market. September.
44
l" ran klin Davis Nursery Co.
General Hand. Very large ; skin deep golden yellow ; flesh coarse, pale yellow, moder-
ately juicy, sweet and good; tree grows vigorously, and is very productive ; separates
from the stone. August.
Green Gage. Small ; yellowish green ; flesh pale green, melting, juicy, exceedingly sweet
and rich, and unequaled in flavor ; one of the richest and best flavored plums ; separates
from the stone ; growth slow, and young trees are hard to raise in moist localities. Aug.
Jefferson. Large ; yellow, with a red cheek ; flesh orange, very rich, juicy and good ;
separates from the stone ; tree a slow and poor grower. August.
Lombard. Medium size ; skin delicate violet, dotted thick red ; flesh deep yellow, juicv
and pleasant. One of the hardiest, most productive and valuable plums. Succeeds
well everywhere, even on light soils. August.
Miner. Medium ; oblong; deep red, showy and handsome; flesh firm, skin thick, excel-
lent for cooking ; tree a free grower and prolific. Late.
Marianna. That eminent pomologist, Prof. T. Y. Munson, of Texas, describes this plum
as follows: "A rapid, regular grower; fruit round, large as Wild Goose; excellent
(I speak from experience), deep, bright red ; stone small ; hangs on tree well ; two or
three weeks earlier than Wild Goose ; as free from curculio as any variety known ; very
prolific. This variety has properties wnich will cause it to become one of the most pop-
ular kinds ever introduced. It has been tested for twelve years by the originator,
Mr. Charles N. Eley, with uniformly excellent results."
Newman. Medium , oblong ; skin a beautiful glossy red color, with delicate purple bloom ;
flesh a little coarse, but juicy ; tree productive and a free grower.
Niagara. Very large : reddish purple ; a superb plum ; the tree is an erect, strong grower,
and bears well ; very valuable for home use and market. August.
Potlawottamie. Western origin; of Chickasaw family; yellowish red; regular and
abundant bearer. July.
Pond's Seedling, or Font Hill. One of the most showy plums ; very large ; light red,
changing to violet ; flesh yellow, sugary, but rather coarse ; tree very vigorous, and
a most abundant grower. August.
Prince Englebert. Large, oblong oval ; skin very deep purple, sprinkled with brown
dots and covered with a deep blue bloom; flesh yellowish green, juicy, sugary; sepa-
rates from the stone ; from Belgium ; tree very vigorous ; one of the best. July.
Prince's Imperial Gage. Rather large; greenish yellow ; flesh greenish, juicy, rich and
delicious ; sometimes adhering to the stone ; tree vigorous and very productive, a single
tree near Boston yielding fifty dollars' worth of fruit in one year. This variety is particu-
larly adapted to dry, light soils ; valuable. August.
Prince's Yellow Gage. Above medium size: skin yellow: flesh deep yellow, rich,
sugary and melting ; parts freely from the stone. Its' great hardiness and productive-
ness, joined to its rich, sugary flavor, make this a favorite s.jrt. First of July.
Peach Plum. Very large : light brownish red ; flesh rather coarse, juicy, sprightly ; free
from the stone. Esteemed for its large size, handsome appearance and earlv ripening.
July.
Quackenboss. Large, deep purple, covered with bloom ; flesh greenish yellow, sprightly,
a little coarse grained ; a strong grower and good yielder. September ist.
Robinson. Small, slightly oblong, clear bright red, sweet and juicy ; an enormous bearer.
August.
Reine Claude de Bavay. Large: greenish yellow, spotted with red; flesh rather firm,
juicy, sugary, rich, of fine quality ; adheres slightly to the stone ; a vigorous grower,
Very productive, and a valuable addition to the late varieties. September.
Red Miignum Bonum. Large ; deep red in the sun ; flesh greenish, coarse, firm; sub-
acid ; valuable for cooking ; productive. August.
Richland. A native of Bucks Co., Pa. It seems to be nearly curculio proof; fruit small,
light purple, sweet and agreeable ; excellent for cooking. Early.
Spaulding. Seedling of some European variety ; almost curculio proof ; when injured the
wound heals quickly and the fruit ripens perfectly ; the fruit is large, yellowish green,
sweet and rich, with white bloom ; quality excellent ; fruit parts from the stone readily ;
a superb plum ; tree a strong grower and early and abundant bearer. August 15th.
Shipper's Pride. This valuable new olum of the Damson type originated in Western
New York. Large size ; purple, firm and sweet ; first class shipper. September.
Shropshire Damson. An improvement on the common Damson, being of the largest
size of its class ; dark purple ; highly esteemed for preserving ; tree vigorous and enor-
mously productive. September.
Smith's Orleans. Large ; reddish purple, becoming very dark ; flesh deep yellow,
slightly firm, juicy, rich, nearly first rate ; adheres to the stone ; very productive. August.
Wangenheim. Fruit medium, oval : ^kin deep purple, covered with a thick blue bloom ;
(lush rather firm, greenish yellow, jui<:y, sugary, rich ; separates from the stone ; one of
the best of the Prune cjass.
Descriptive Catalogue.
45
Wild Goose Plum.
Washington. (Bo/mar' s.) Very large ; skin yellowish green, often with a pale red blush ;
flesh yellowish, firm, very sweet and luscious, separating freely from the stone. There is
perhaps, not another plum that stands so high in general estimation in this country as
the Washington. Its great size, its beauty and the vigor and hardiness of the tree are
qualities which claim for it a place in every good collection. August.
Wild Goose. Medium size; oblong; bright vermilion red : juicy, sweet, of good quality;
cling ; productive, and nearly proof against the curculio. The most profitable variety
for market in the South, and deserves more extensive planting there, as well as in the
Middle states. July.
Weaver. From Iowa; popular at the West because of its ability to withstand the extremely
severe winters, when the fine sorts fail ; fruit rather large, purple, with a blue bloom ;
quality good ; tree a vigorous grower and very productive. August.
46
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Botan Plum.
Yellow Egg. {White Mignum Bonum.) A. very popular fruit on account of its very
large size and splendid .appearance ; its slight acidity renders it valuable for making
sweetmeats ; skin yellowish, covered with a white bloom ; flesh yellow, adhering ciOse»y
to the stone ; rather acid until it becomes very ripe. Last of July.
ADDITIONAL LIST OF PLUMS.
Bassett's American,
Beauty of Naples,
Columbia,
Domine Dull,
DeCaradeuc,
Forest Rose,
Forest Garden,
Frogmore Damson,
Golden Beauty,
Hudson Gage,
Hudson River Purple Gage,
Huling's Superb,
Indian Chief
Langdon,
Lawrence Favorite,
Middleburg,
Monroe,
McLaughlin,
Pottawottamie,
Peter's Yellow Gage,
Staunton,
Sweet Botan,
Union Purple.
JAPANESE OR ORIENTAL PLUMS.
This new strain of Plums has been received with general favor, and in the South, where
the European kinds do not succeed as well as at the North, they have proved a blessing.
In some sections where the Chickasaw or native kinds (Wild Goose, etc.) only are success-
ful, the Japanese kinds are especially welcome, as they rate up in quality quite well witn
the very best European varieties.
The Japanese Plums, with the exception of one kind, are extremely hardy and vigorous,
bearing early and abundantly annual loads of rich, luscious fruit, ripening from early in June
to September.
yOne very valuable quality of the Japanese Plum is, that the wound made by the cur-
culio (an enemy to Plum culture everywhere), does not seem to affect the Japan kinds to the
same extent as European and other kinds ; while they are not curculio proof entirely, yet
for some reason the wound soon heals and the fruit matures perfectly. This may be attributed
to the extremely strong and vigorous nature of both tree and fruit, as it appears to be able
to resist and outgrow the trouble.
Botan or Abundance. Lemon-yellow ground, nearly overspread with cherry, with
heavy bloom ; flesh yellow, very juicy ; subacid, with apricot flavor ; highly perfumed ;
stone small ; the tree is exceedingly hardy and bears regularly ; nearly cuiculio proof;
earlv and heaw bearer ; the best of its class. First of August,
Descriptive Catalogue. 47
A Fruiting- Tree of A"elsey's Japan Plum.
Burbaiik. Resembles the Abundance in many ways ; globular, large, cherry red, with
slight lilac bloom ; flesh deep yellow, very sweet with pleasant and agreeable flavor ;
strong grower ; bears early, often at second year. September ist.
Botankio. Very similar to Botan, larger but not so sweet ; quality verv good ; clingstone-
July.
Chabot. Fruit greenish purple, oblong, large and firm ; tree a strong grower. August.
Kelsey. By great odds the best Plum for the South ; unfortunately, it is not entirely hardy
north of Maryland. After thorough testing it has proved itself to be of first quality in
every way ; the fruft is large, heart-shaped, golden yellow, sometimes splashed with
reddish purple ; the flesh is firm, yellow, rich and juicy, with elegant flavor ; the pit is
small, and parts freely from the flesh ; good for home use or shipping. August.
Masu. Said to be very large and delicious ; tree a strong grower.
Ogon. Large golden yellow, with faint bloom ; firm, sweet and of good quc'.itv ; freestone."
first-rate for canning ; tree vigorous grower. Last of July.
Simonii. {Apricot Plum.) Origin China. Fruit large, tomato-shaped, cinnamon-red
color ; flesh is firm, sweet, a-omatic, the flavor is delicious and not found in any other
plum, being similar to that o* a pineapple, nectarine and banana ; a beautiful and valu-
able Dlum. We believe it las come to stay ; tree a strong grower- bearing young.
August
Satsuma 01 Blood Plum. i. irge, round , skin and flesh dark purplish red, with blue
bloom ; seed exceedingly small ; flesh firm, of good quality, fine flavored ; very hardy and
strong grower, adapted mainly to the Southern states but does well in the North. August.
48
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Black Tar/aria??.
SELECT CHERRIES.
The Cherry succeeds on most soils and in nearly all localities throughout this country,
but attains its greatest perfection upon those of a light, gravelly or sandy nature, provided
they are in good condition. In planting Hearts and Bigarreaus, avoid wet or damp situa-
tions. The Dukes and Morellos will bear more moisture, but will flourish best in a soil that
grows the others to the greatest perfection. We have dwarf trees grown upon the Cerasus
Mahalcb stock, a variety of Cherry imported from Europe, which is rather more hardy than
our common sorts. When worked upon this stock they are well suited to gardens or smal
enclosures, as they occupy but little space, and come into bearing quite early.
HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES.
Bigarrcau, or Graffion. { Yellow Spanish.) Very large, often an inch in diameter : pale
yellow, with a handsome, light red cheek to the sun ; flesh firm, with a fine, rich flavor.
This variety, though not of the highest excellence, has become, from its great size,
beauty and productiveness, a general favorite. July.
Black Tartarian. Fruit of the largest size, frequently measuring an inch in diameter;
flesh dark, half tender, with a peculiar liver-like consistency, rich, nearly destitute of
acid, of fine flavor. The vigorous growth and great productiveness of the tree, and
the large size and mild, sweet flavor of the fruit, render this variety a general favorite.
June.
Black Eagle. Large ; black, very rich and high flavored. The tree grows well, and is
very productive. June.
Black Heart. Rather above medium size ; flesh tender, juicy, with a rich, sweet flavor ;
very productive. June.
Belle d'Orleaiis. A foreign variety; fruit of medium size; color whitish yellow, half
covered with pale red ; flesh tender, very juicy, sweet and excellent ; tree vigorous
and productive ; a valuable early cherry. May.
Descriptive Catalogue.
49
Cleveland. Large ; clear red and yellow ; juicy, sweet and rich. June.
Coe's Transparent. Medium size ; pale amber color, reddened in the sun, with peculiar
pale spots or blotches ; flesh very tender, melting and juicy, with a delicate but sweet
and excellent flavor ; very productive and valuable. Beginning of June.
Downer's Late Red. Medium size ; light red, amber in the shade ; flesh tender, melting,
rich, with a very high, sweet flavor. A good late sort. July.
Downton. Large; light cream color, stained with red ; flesh yellowish, tender, adhering
slightly to the stone ; rich and delicious. A beautiful and excellent cherry. June.
Elton. This is certainly one of the finest cherries, in all respects ; its large size, early
maturity, beautiful appearance, luscious flavor and productiveness render it universally
esteemed ; fruit large, pale yellow, blotched and shaded with red ; flesh firm, becoming
tender, juicy, rich and high flavored ; very productive. May and June.
Early Purple. An exceedingly early variety, ripening in May ; fruit of medium size ;
color dark red, becoming purple at maturity : flesh purple, tender, juicy, with a rich
and sweet flavor ; indispensable as an early variety ; productive.
Florence. This most excellent cherry was brought from Florence, Italy, and has shown
itse'f to be one of the largest and handsomest sorts here ; fruit very large ; amber yel-
low, marbled and mostly covered with bright red ; flesh amber color, very firm, sweet,
rich flavor ; hangs long on the tree, and will keep well several days after gathering.
Ripens in July.
Governor Wood. One of the best of Dr. Kirkland's seedlings, and deserves a place in
every good collection. Fruit large ; skin light yellow, shaded with bright red ; flesh
nearly tender, juicy, sweet, rich and delicious ; tree vigorous and productive. June.
Knight's Early. Large ; black ; flesh purple, tender, juicy, with a very rich, high, excel-
lent flavor. Considered one of the best cherries in quality : productive. First of June.
Kirtland's Mary. Large;
light and dark red on yellow
ground ; rich, juicy, sweet,
high flavored. One of the
best.
Luelling. This variety origi-
nated in Portland, Oregon,
and is supposed to be a cross
between the Black Tartarian
and Napoleon Bigarreau.
Fruit in color and appear-
ance resembles the Black
Tartarian, but is much larger;
tree a moderately vigorous
grower, but rather tender.
jLouis Philippe. Large, dark
red, almost black ; sprightly,
mild acid ; stone small. July.
MonstreusedeMezel. {Great
Bigarreau.) French origin ;
very large, brown; firm, free
grower. Middle of July.
Napoleon Bigarreau. Is one
of the best of the firm-fleshed
cherries ; it is of the largest
size, often measuring over an
inch in diameter ; well fla-
vored, handsome and pro-
ductive ; skin pale yellow,
becoming amber in the shade,
richly dotted with deep red,
and with a fine, marbled,
dark crimson cheek; flesh
very firm, juicy, with a very
good flavor ; profitable for
marketing. June.
Ohio Beauty. Large ; red ;
flesh tender, brisk, juicy ;
productive. Middle of June.
R >ckport Bigarreau. Large ;
deep brilliant red ; flesh
rather firm, juicy, sweet, rich,
with an excellent flavor ; a
very desirable and profitable
cnerry. Beginning of June.
Governor Wood.
5° Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Dyehouse Cherry.
Schmidt's Bigarrean. Very large, deep black; flesh dark, tender, very juicy.; fine
flavor ; productive. July.
Sparhawk's Honey. Medium size ; light red ; sweet, with a large stone ; hangs long on
the tree ; tree a strong grower. Late July.
Tradescant's Black Heart. (Elkhorn.) Large ; skin deep black, glossy ; flesh very
solid and firm, dark purple, moderately juicy. July.
"Windsor. Origin Canada ; fruit large, liver-colored ; flesh firm and of fine quality ; tree
very hardy ; a valuable late variety. July.
DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES.
The Dukes and Morellos are not so vigorous and upright in their growth as the Hearts
and Bigarreaus, forming low, spreading heads, with acid or subacid fruit.
Belle de Choisy. Medium size; skin thin, translucent, showing the netted texture of
the flesh ; flesh pale amber, mottled with yellowish red, becoming a fine cornelian red in
the sun; flesh very tender, juicy and melting, with a fine, mild, subacid flavor, becom-
ing nearly sweet ; a regular, moderate bearer ; deserves a place in every good collec-
tion. June.
Belle Magnifiqiie. Large; color fine, rich red; flesh juicy, tender, with a sprightly
subacid flavor: tree moderately vigorous and productive; a beautiful and excellent
variety; one of the best of its class. July.
Carnation. Large ; yellowish white, mottled and marbled with fine orange ; flesh tender,
juicy, and, when fully ripe, of a sprightly and good subacid flavor ; a moderate, regular
bearer ; superseded by other sorts in its class. July.
Dyehouse. In hardiness and general appearance resembles Early Richmond, but is of
finer quality and several days earlier ; it produces very regular annual crops ; fruit
medium ; skin bright red, darkened in the sun ; flesh soft, juicy, tender, sprightly, sub-
acid, rather rich ; resembles both the Morello and Duke ingrowth, wood and fruit ; it is
very productive. We consider it superior to Early Richmond.
Eugenie. {Empress Eugenie.) Large, dark red; flesh juicy, rich; tree hardy and pro-
ductive.
Descriptive Catalogue.
5*
English Morello. Above medium size ; skin dark red, becoming nearly black ; flesh
juicy, subacid, rich. July.
Karly Richmond, or Kentish. Medium size ; red : flesh melting, juicy, and at maturity
of a rich acid -flavor ; very productive ; fine for cooking. Commences ripening last of
May, and hangs long on the tree.
Late Duke. Large; light red; flesh pale amber, subacid; desirable as a late cherry!
productive. Ripens gradually from the middle to the last of July.
52
Frankltn Davis Nursery Co.
Liieb. Said to be very hardy, bearing abundantly annually ; the fruit is as large, or larger
than Early Richmond ; a little later, less acid, and of better quality.
May Duke. Medium size ; dark red ; melting, rich and juicy ; an old and popular sort.
Ripens soon after Early Purple Guigne.
Montmorency Large-Fruited. Fruit large, and the finest flavored of any in this class ;
tree a free grower, hardy and prolific.
Montmorency Ordinaire. A beautiful, large, red, acid cherry ; larger than Early Rich-
mond, and fully ten days later ; very prolific and hardy ; a variety of great value ; tree
a free grower.
Olivet. A new French variety, imported in 1875. It belongs to the Duke class, and takes
a place not occupied up to the present in the list of early cherries. The Olivet cherry
is a large, globular, very shining, deep red sort ; the flesh is red, with a rose colored
juice; tender, rich and vinous, with a very sweet, subacid flavor. It ripens in May or
early in June. It posseses the fertility of the best of the Duke tribes, and is, perhaps,
the largest of that class.
Heine Hortense. A French cherry of great excellence. Large, bright red ; flesh tender,
juicy, very slightly subacid and delicious ; tree vigorous and productive ; one of the
very best cherries. Last of June.
Shannon. Above medium size ; dark, purplish red ; tender, juicy and acid. First of July
ADDITIONAL LIST OF CHERRIES.
Double Flowering, Ostheim, Triumph of Cumberland,
Hovey, Royal Duke, Waterloo.
Monstreuse de Mezel, Sparhawk's Honey,
SELECT APRICOTS.
This beautiful and excellent fruit needs only to be known to be appreciated. It ripens
a month or more before the best early peaches, and partakes largely of their luscious flavor.
The tree is even more hardy than the peach, and requires about the same treatment. To
make a crop more certain, plant on the north or west side of a wall, fence or building.
Alexis {Russian No. 4). Large to very large ; yellow, with red cheek ; slightly acid, rich
and luscious. July 15th.
Alexander (Russian No. 2). Very large, oblong; yellow, flecked with red ; flavor sweet
and delicate. July 12th.
Catharine (Russia)i No. 5) . Good bearer ; medium size ; yellow; subacid. Jul}' 20th.
Gibb (Russiati No. 1). Medium size; subacid; rich, juicy; yellow; the best early apri-
cot. June 20th.
J. Li. Budd (Russia)i No. 6). Large size ; white, with red cheek ; sweet and juicy ; very
fine ; the best late variety. August 1st.
Nicholas {Russiati No. j). Very prolific ; fruit medium to large, sweet and melting.
July 10th.
Breda. Small, round ; du'l orange in the sun ; flesh orange-colored, juicy, rich, vinous
and high-flavored ; parts from tne stone ; tree very hardy and productive. July.
Black. Small or medium ; pale red, or nearly black in the sun ; flesh pale red next to the
skin, yellow neai the stone, juicy, with a ple-xsant, slightly astringent flavor ; adheres
to the stone ; hardy and productive. July.
De Coulange. Large ; of fine quality. July.
Early Golden. {Dubois^ Early Golden.) Small; pale orange; flesh orange, juicy and
sweet ; tree hardy and productive ; separates from the stone. Last of June.
Harris. Origin New York. A new kind of great promise; very hardy; blooms late;
a sure bearer ; elegant golden yellow color.
Hcmskirke. Large, roundish ; orange, with a red cheek ; flesh bright orange, rich, juicy,
sprightly, with a plum-like flavor. July.
Kaisha. Medium size ; skin pale yellow, mottled and tinged with red in the sun ; flesh
tender, juicy, pale yellow, sugary ; freestone. July.
Large Early. Large size ; orange, with a red cheek ; flesh sweet, rich and juicy ; sepa-
rates from the stone ; tree vigorous and productive; one of the very best of the eariy
sorts. Last of June.
Moorpark. One of the largest and finest apricots ; yellow, with a red cheek ; flesh rather
firm, orange, parting from the stone, sweet, juicy and rich, with a luscious flavor. July.
Mont garnet. {Alberge de Montgamet.) Fruit medium size ; skin pale yellow, with a
slight tinge of red on the side next to the sun ; flesh firm, juicy ; one of the best. Early.
Peach. Very large ; yellowish orange, and mottled with dark brown to the sun; fle^h
rich yellow, juicy, with a rich, high flavor. This is justly esteemed one of the very best
apricots; productive. First of July.
Descriptive Catalogue. 53
Russian Apricot.
Roman. Medium size; pale yellow, with a few red dots; flesh very fine-grained, half-
juicy, with a mild, pleasant flavor. July.
Royal. Large ; skin dull yellow, with an orange cheek ; flesh pale orange, firm and juicy;
free from the stone, July.
Russian. Introduced from Russia, and is claimed to be very hardy ; fruit medium size,
golden yellow, handsome and sweet.
St. Ambroise. This is a large, early apricot ; almost the size of and earlier than the
Moorpark ; one of the very best.
Turkey. Medium size ; skin deep yellow in the shade, mottled with brownish orange in
the sun ; flesh pale green, firm and juicy ; separates from the stone. July.
SELECT NECTARINES.
The Nectarine requires the same culture, soil and management as the Peach, from
which it differs only in having a smooth skin like the Plum.
Boston. Large ; yellow, with red cheek ; flesh yellow, sweet and of pleasant flavor ; free-
stone. August.
Downton. Large; pale greenish, with a violet-red cheek; flesh pale green, slightly red
at the stone, melting, rich and excellent ; one of the best ; freestone. August.
Early Violet, or Violette Hative. Medium size ; yellowish green, with a purplish red
cheek ; flesh pale green, melting, rich and highly flavored ; freestone. July.
Elruge. . Medium size ; greenish yellow, with a dark red cheek ; flesh pale green to the
stone, sometimes stained with red there, melting, very juicy, with a rich, high flavor;
this is one of the best and most celebrated of nectarines ; freestone. August.
Golden Cliu#. Medium size ; skin fine, bright waxen yellow, with a slight scarlet cheek ;
flesh orange-yellow, sweet and good. August.
Hardwicke Seedling. Large ; pale green, with a violet-red cheek; flesh pale green,
slightly reddened at the stone, juicy, melting, rich and high-flavored ; this is regarded
as one of the best and hardiest of nectarines, and an excellent bearer ; freestone. Aug.
Hunt's Tawny. Medium size ; dark red on pale orange; flesh deep orange, juicy, melt-
ing, rich and very good ; hardy and productive; the best very early nectarine; free-
stone. July.
Pitraaston Oraiigo. Large size ; skin rich orange-yellow, with a dark, brownish red
cheek ; flesh deep yellow, but red at the stone, melting, juicy, rich, sweet and of excel-
lent flavor ; freestone ; best yellow-fleshed nectarine. Middle of July.
Stanwick. Rather large ; green, with a violet-red cheek; flesh white, tender, juicy, rich
and sugary ; clingstone. Last of July.
Victoria. Fruit large ; skin greenish yellow, crimson on the sunny side ; flesh rich, sweet;
one of the best.
54 Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Orange Quince.
SELECT QUINCES.
This valuable fruit is too well known to require an introduction. It has long been con-
sidered " near the top " among fruits. The Quince succeeds best on a deep, moist, fertile,
heavy, clay-loam soil.
Angers. Strong, rapid-growing sort ; fruit large size and fine quality.
Champion. This variety originated in Georgetown, Conn.: said to be larger than the
Orange. Fair ; smooth, of fine quality, and late keeper.
3Ieech\s Prolific. A new variety recently introduced by Rev. W. W. Meech, of Vine-
land, N. J. The late Chas. Downing says : "It is certainly a promising variety, and if
it proves as good in other localities and continues its present good qualities of fair fruit
and good size, as in the specimens you sent me, it will be an acquisition to the quince
family."
Orange, or Apple. Large, roundish, with a short neck ; color light yellow ; tree very
productive ; this is the most popular variety in the country ; a great bearer. Ripens in
October.
Portugal. This is rather superior to the Orange or Angers, but, unfortunately, it is a shy
bearer ; fruit largest size ; yellow ; flesh more juicy and less harsh than most others.
Rea. (Rea's Seedling.) A variety of the Orange quince ; of large size : a strong grower,
of good quality, and bears well.
Descriptive Catalogue.
55
Japan Mammoth Chestnut.
NUT-BEARING TREES.
All over the country there is a rapidly growing interest in nut culture. The demand for
nuts is great ; the markets are poorly supplied, and the prices too high. Palatable and
wholesome as they are, they should become a common article of food here, as in Europe.
Numerous experiments show plainly that nut culture of nearly every kind can be car.
ried on in the United States with entire success ; in fact, statistics plainly prove that a well
cared for nut orchard is a "gold mine," indeed. We have accounts of single trees paying
from $25 to $50, and many cases are noted where an acre clears from $150 to $600 annually.
A large portion of the nuts on our markets are imported. We are sure, that with proper
care and culture, we can raise enough to have plenty at home and export largely at paying
prices. Most kinds of nuts are planted 30 feet apart, like apple trees, and require about
the same general culture.
CHESTNUTS.
Japan Mammoth. This valuable new nut is attracting wide-
spread attention. It claims superiority over all others because
it is larger, sweeter, better ; bears young and abundantly ; like
all valuable fruits now-a-days, it is necessary to graft to secure
and maintain the most reliable kinds ; the tree is dwarf in
habit, hardy and ornamental.
Spanish, or Marion. {Cdsta-
nea Vesca.) Originally intro-
duced from Asia Minor into
Europe ; a vigorous grower,
and forms a handsome head
for lawn planting; a valuable
species, both for ornament
American Chestnut. an<j frujt . tjle fruit is much
larger than the American variety ; very sweet and
excellent when boiled or roasted. Bears early.
American. {Castanea Americana.) The well known
native varietv ; a stately tree, with broader leaves than
the European, and producing smaller nuts but a large
quantity of them ; both useful and ornamental ; the
timber is very useful for many purposes.
he sin at.
56
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
WALNUTS.
.English. {Madeira or Persian.) A fine, lofty-growing tree with a fine, spreading head
and bearing crops of large and excellent nuts ; the
fruit in a green state is highly esteemed for pickling,
and the great quantity of the ripe nuts annually im-
ported and sold here attest to its value ; the tree is
peculiarly well adapted to the climate of the South,
and deserves extensive cultivation.
American Black. This is the common native variety.
The nuts are excellent and always desirable ; besides,
the wood is very valuable for many uses.
SHELLBARK.
A species of the hickory. The nut is small, rather flat,
with thick shell ; it is very rich, sweet and delicious ; very
desirable.
PECAN.
The common wild native variety found in the South,
produced from the seed ; bears regular crops of medium size
the tree is rapid-growing and handsome.
Paper-Shell Pecan. This is, indeed, the most valuable nut yet introduced ; large, often
ilA inches in length; thin shell; the kernel is very large, rich, sweet and delicious ;
enormous profits have been received from the culture of this nut ; many thousand trees
are being planted, and soon the nut industry, especially of the South, will be very large ;
hardy in the Middle states.
FILBERTS OR HAZEL NUTS.
We have the best English varieties ; the nut is .medium size, oblong, very sweet ; the
English Walnut.
very salable nuts and good ;
tree is of bushy habit, growing from 6 to 8 feet high
and abundant bearer ; very satisfactory
very hardy almost everywhere ; early
A handsome, rapid-growin<
BUTTERNUTS.
luxuriant, tropical looking
tree ; very ornamental and pro-
ductive ; the nuts are some-
thing like black walnuts, but
longer and flat ; the kernel is
much sweeter and rich and
more delicate ; fine flavor.
HICKORY NUT.
This valuable native tree,
besides producing a large,
sweet nut in great quantities,
is especially valuable where
wood of great strength and
durableness is wanted ; it is a
handsome shade tree.
ALMONDS.
Hardshell, Softshell or
Ladies'.
Japanese Hardy Orangt
JAPANESE HARDY
ORANGE.
{Citrus tri/oliala.)
This valuable new fruit
from Japan, after thorough
testing lias proved itself en-
tirely hardy in any part of
the United States; it has borne
regularly here for several
years ; the fruit, while not to
be classed with first class
Florida oranges, is neverthe-
less attractive and valuable ;
it is of small size and much
like the ordinary orange ; the
flavor is good, subacid, very
sprightly, valuable to use in
place of the lemon, and is ele-
gant to preserve.
Descriptive Catalogue.
57
Japanese Persimmon.
JAPANESE PERSIMMON.
By the introduction of the Japanese Persimmon, we have added to our Catalogue one of
the most beautiful and luscious
fruits, and one that will be
greatly appreciated when better
known.
In Japan, where large quan-
tities are grown, it stands in the
highest favor. It is not only used
in a fresh state, but is preserved
as the fig, and is fully eqnal to
that fruit in point of excellence.
There are a great many varie-
ties, varying in size, shape, col-
or, quality and season of ripen-
ing ; some are shaped like a to-
mato, others are oblong and
pointed at the apex ; the color
varies from a bright orange-red
to a lemon-yellow ; the flesh
when ripe is soft, with a pleas-
ant, sweet, slight apricot flavor.
The smallest sorts we have
grown are double the size of our
natives, while others have pro-
duced fruits that measured over eleven inches in circumference and were without seeds. The
tree is wonderfully productive, and comes into bearing very young ; we have had one-year-
old trees reach us late in the spring from Japan, and next season they would bear a profu-
sion of fruit. Trees three feet high, standing in nursery row, have matured twenty-one
specimens, and others about five feet have borne over fifty. We know of no tree that makes
so fine a show in fruit as the Japanese Persimmon. The tree is of itself very striking in ap-
pearance, with its fine, shining foliage, and when laden with its beautiful red or golden
\-ellow fruit, it must be seen to be appreciated ; we have not the language to convey an idea
of its beauty. Apart from the value of its fruit, it well deserves a place on the lawn among
the ornamentals.
-v The trees are not entirely hardy north of the Potomac, though we have had them standing
unprotected near Baltimore for five years, where they have borne well, and even came
through the past winter unhurt.
The climate of Northern Japan is about as cold as Northern New York, snow often fall-
ing thereto great depth in November and remaining until April, yet the Persimmon flourishes
there, and we do not see why it will not stand in this country as far north as Pennsylvania.
Out of the great number of varieties grown in Japan, it is presumed that we will find
some that will do well as far north as Philadelphia at least, and we think they merit a trial
still farther north.
Professor Asa Gray writes : "The Persimmon has great capabilities, and will give
fruit of a type wholly distinct from any we possess in temperate climates. He who has not
tasted Kaki (the Japanese Persimmon) has no conception of the Diospyros genus."
Professor W. E. Griffis says in his book, " The Mikado's Empire :" "As regards the
value of the Japanese Persimmon, there can be but one opinion. The tree itself is one of
the handsomest of fruit trees, and in the fall, with its golden-hued fruit hanging to the
branches after the leaves have fallen, forms a beautiful and striking picture in a landscape."
The Pacific Rural Press says : " When cut, it presents a mass of rich, jelly-like sweet,
with a flavor reminding one of both the apricot and the plum. The flavor is simply
delicious beyond expectation, and we begin to realize that the praise bestowed on this fruit
is not beyond its merits."
A correspondent from Memphis, Tenn., writes us on receipt of a cut of the fruit : " The
plate you sent in your circular of the Japanese Persimmon, I must tell you, is a very small
specimen, and does that fruit (mite an injustice. Several trees have fruited with me, and
the fruit is the same size and shape as a full, medium-sized orange, fully one-third larger
than vour plate represents ; and if there is any one fruit more luscious, more delightful and
more'templing to the taste in the fruitless winter months, I have yet to know it. We eat
them at Christmas and on, and can keep them until the end of February — then they are in
perfection. In gathering, I cut twigs and hang fruits up by them ; have kept them till .March."
5»
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
SELECT GRAPES.
Marshall P. Wilder, president of the American Pomological Society, in his address to
that society at Boston, in 1881, said of the Grape : "No other fruit, unless it be the Straw-
berry, now attracting so much attention, and perhaps no other, if we except the Apple, is of
more importance, as a source of revenue or an article of luxury for our tables, than the
Grape. In the whole circle of our pomology progress there is no fruit which excites so much
enterprise and interest, so rapidly being extended, or which gives such promise of success,
as the culture of the Grape ; and should this enterprise continue f:r fifty years to come, we
can hardly estimate its value as a revenue in our country. With every succeeding year,
new and valuable varieties are coming to notice, either adapted to special locations or pur-
poses, or for general cultivation. Nor is it too much to hope that ere the close of this cen-
tury, with cur present skill, we shall produce varieties that will rival the choicest kinds of
most favored climes. Xor do I doubt that we shall, in time, prcduce varieties which will
compare favorably with, and perhaps be equal in size, beauty and excellence to the Cannon
Hall or other Muscats, now so highly praised for their peculiar aroma. The Pocklington in
size and beauty is an approach to this. Nor is it unreasonable to suppose but we may have
a Grape, if we have it not now in the Duchess, that is as well adapted to exportation as the
White Malaga, and of much better quality. What has been done can be done again.
Nature has in her laboratory infinite stores of the same elements which have produced our
finest fruits,- and we have only to knock at her portals and pronounce the sesame, when she
will open to us the secrets of her wonder-working power."
There is no fruit, excepting, perhaps, the Strawberry, that yields so great, so quick and
so certain a return for the attention necessary for its production as the Grape, and no one in
possession of land enough for a single vine to grow upon should be without one, and he who
has space cannot use it in a way to give more profit and pleasure than to put out a selection
of the best sorts. We have numerous instances of single vines producing over fifty pounds
of fruit the fourth year from planting. Now, fifty pounds, at ten cents per pound, would be
five dollars to the vine. An acre planted at eight feet apart each way holds 680 vines,
■which, at the above estimate, would amount to $3,400 ; but we admit this is a high estimate,
and we will figure from a lower plane. .Take the Concord, which has been and is still more
largely planted than any other variety ; though not ranking high in quality, nor command-
ing a high price in the market, yet vineyards of this variety, during the low prices that pre-
vailed through the season of 1885, yielded $450 per acre. The crop of Grapes produced in
Chautauqua Co., N. Y., same year, amounted to 3,500 tons, and sold for $210,000 (three cents
per pound). Yet this county is on the extreme western limit of the state, and the fruit had
to be sent hundreds of miles to market. Circulars sent out and reports received from nine-
teen growers of the Niagara made the average price reported 14! cents per pound, and an
average yield of 5% tons per acre.
What crop will pay better? We have in Virginia a soil and climate eminently suited to
grape-growing, and it is fast becoming an important branch of industry in some portions of
the state ; but these advantages seem more quickly recognized and utilized by those coming
from other states and countries and locating amongst us than by our people, who seem, not
only in this but in many other cases, to overlook the munificent gifts that the Great Creator
has placed within their reach.
The cultivation of the vine is simple and easily understood. The most important con-
siderations are— first, fixing upon the right soil and situation ; and. secondly, selecting good
vines of the proper varieties ; and while there are many varieties that the amateur should
pVant, yet we advise the large planter to confine himself mainly to the few sorts that are
known to succeed well. Our vines are grown out of doors, from well-selected cuttings and
layers. We do not propose to grow cheap stock, but the best, which in reality is the cheap-
est to the planter.
The following list contains the best known sorts of hardy American varieties :
Agawam. (Rogers' jVo. rj.) Bunch large and compact; berries large, dark red; flesh
tender, juicy and rich ; one of the best of Rogers' Hybrids.
Barry. {Rogers' No. 43.) Bunch short, broad and compact; berry large, oval, black-
flavor sweet, delicate ; vine vigorous and productive ; ripens with Concord.
Descriptive Catalogue.
59
Brighton Grape
Brighton. A cross between the Concord and Diana Hamburg. Bunch large and beauti-
fully formed ; berries above medium to large size; usually of a red or Catawba color
when first ripe, changing to reddish purple if allowed to hang long on the vine, covered
with a blue bloom ; skin thin ; flesh tender, very sweet and of a fine and excellent flavor;
quality best as compared with the finest native'grapes. The fruit keeps well for an early
^rape, either on or off the vine ; vine productive and vigorous.
Champion, or Talman. Vine a strong, vigorous grower, healthy, hardy, and productive ;
bunch large ; berries la:ge, black ; quality poor, but profitable as a market grape
because of its extreme earliness.
6o
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Concord. There is no grape in the catalogue so popular or planted so extensively as this.
It succeeds well in almost all parts of the country, and although of Northern origin, is
better here than in its native place. It received the $100 premium offered for the grape
of the greatest value. Vine a very vigorous grower and enormously productive, com-
paratively free from disease ; bunches large, compact ; berries large, round, black, with
a blue bloom ; a piofitable market sort.
Colerain. Origin Ohio. A new white grape, seedling of Concord ; color light green !
bunch and berry medium s ize ; the Quality is very good ; remarkably sweet and juicy i
very few seeds ; ripens early (just before Moore's Early); hangs well on the vine, often
till frost.
Catawba. So well and favorably known as to need but little notice here. One of our best
grapes, succeeding well in the Valley and Piedmont regions of Virginia ; bunch and
berry large, dark red when ripe ; flesh very juicy and rich ; productive and valuable.
September.
Creveling. A black grape of medium size, nearly as early as Hartford ; bunch loose,
straggling ; not very desirable.
Clinton. A black grape of medium size, entirely healthy and hardy ; a strong, rank
grower, requiring thin soil and plenty of room; on strong, rich soil should be allowed
to run, and pruned long ; often succeeds where most other kinds fail ; colors early but
should hang long on the vine. A good table grape when full}' ripe.
Delaware. This grape is now so well known as to need no commendation. Its earliness,
hardiness and admirable sweetness have become too well known to the public to de-
mand more said in its behalf ; bunches medium size, compact ; berries rather small ;
skin of a beautiful light red color ; it is without hardness or acidity in its pulp ; exceed
ingly sweet, sprightly, vinous and aromatic. Ripens in August.
Diana. Bunch of medium size, compact ; berries medium size, reddish lilac, covered with
bloom; very juicy and sweet. Last of August.
Duchess. A new seedling from Ulster Co., N. Y. Bunch medium to large, shouldered,
compact ; berries medium, round, greenish white ; skin thin ; flesh tender, without
pulp ; sprightly and rich.
Early Ohio. Claimed to be the earliest black grape known ; ten days earlier than Moore's
Early. Bunch large, compact and shouldered ; berry medium, covered with bloom ;
hardy as the Concord ; strong grower and very productive ; quality good ; first-class for
market.
Eaton. Origin Massachusetts. A seedling of the Concord ; stronger grower ; large, black;
the bunch and berry strongly resembles Moore's Early, the skin rather thick and cov-
ered with heavy bloom ; very juicy, with some pulp, though tender ; has less native odor
than the Concord ; large and attractive. Early.
JEinpire State. Another new white grape of great promise ; bunch large-shouldered ;
berry medium ; skin slightly tinged with yellow ; flesh tender, rich, juicy, sweet and
sprightly ; ripens a little after Hartford ; vine a good grower and productive.
Flowers. A native of North Carolina, belonging to the Scuppernong class ; does not suc-
ceed well north of the 37th degree of latitude ; berry very large, black, sweet ; ripens
in October, and hangs a long time ; very productive ; valuable on account of its lateness.
Goethe. {Rogers' No. /.) Bush and berry large; skin thin, yellowish green, tinged with
red; flesh tender, melting, sweet and delicious; strong grower and very productive ;
deservedly becoming popular. First of September.
Green Mountain, or AVinchell. Well tested ; the berry is medium size ; color greenish
white, with delicate white bloom ; flesh juicy and sweet ; remarkably free from mildew,
and will do well in any soil where the Concord grows ; a valuable early variety.
Hays. A large, white, early grape ; vine a strong grower and very productive ; amber-yel-
low ; skin very firm ; flesh tender, juicy, of a delicate texture and fine flavor ; ripens a
week before Concord ; excellent for home use.
Hart Cord. {Hartford Prolific.) A very popular and profitable early grape ; a vigorous
grower and a good bearer, free from disease ; fruit medium size, black ; flesh sweet and
soft. Early in August.
Herbemont. Bunch very large ; berries below medium size, round, of a dark blue or vio-
let color ; skin thin, which is filled with rich, vinous, aromatic juice. Medium season.
Herbert. {Rogers1 No. 44.) Black; bunch long, berry large, handsome and of high
quality ; a superb grape, ripening in mid-season.
Isabella. An old, well-known sort ; large size ; dark purple ; sweet and rich, with a
slight musky aroma. Beginning of September.
Ives. Bunch medium to large, sometimes shouldered, compact ; berries medium black ;
flesh sweet, pulpy and somewhat foxy ; should hang some time on the vine after it colors;
hardy, vigorous and bears well ; deservedly becoming popular. Early.
Iona. A valuable red grape north of Pennsylvania ; a little earlier than the Catawba ;
bunch medium, shouldered ; flesh soft, tender, of first quality ; keeps till mid-winter.
Jefferson. This is a magnificent grape, but further trial must establish its worth. It is
said to mildew badly in some localities ; bunch large ; very red. Late.
62
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Pocklinglon Grape. (See page 63)
Descriptive Catalogue.
63
Lady. Originated in Ohio. Said to be a seedling of Concord. Bunch medium size, berry
about the size of Concord ; light greenish yellow, covered with white bloom ; flesh
tender, sweet and pleasant. Early.
Lady Washington. One of Rickett's celebrated seedlings. Bunch very large, compact,
generally double-shouldered ; berry medium to large ; color deep yellow, with a tinge
of delicate pink where exposed to the sun, and covered with a thin white bloom ; flesh
soft, tender, juicy, sweet and very good; it ripens about with Concord. This showy
and beautiful grape is a cross between the Concord and Allen's. Hybrid, and is a prom-
ising grape for the market and the amateur.
uindley. [Rogers' ATo. 0.) Bunch large and compact; red, tender, sweet; ripens with
Delaware. Hardy and productive.
Martha. This is one of the. most reliable white grapes yet known; bunch medium, com-
pact, shouldered ; berry white or greenish, turning to pale yellow when fully ripe ; skin
thin; flesh very sweet and juicy; a seedling of the Concord, and will take the same
rank amongst white grapes that its parent does amongst the black ; ripens a little
earlier than Concord.
Merrimack. {Rogers' Xo. ro.) Very vigorous and productive ; bunch and berry large ;
black, sweet and rich ; ripens before Concord.
Moore's Early. A seedling of the Concord, combining the vigor, health, and productive-
ness of its parent, and ripening a few days earlier than the Hartford ; bunch medium ;
berry quite large ; color black, with a heavy blue bloom. Its extreme hardiness and
size will render it a popular market sort.
Moore's Diamond. Origin New York. Said to be a cross between Concord and Iona.
This handsome new white grape has met with general favor ; its extreme early ripening
alone would make it valuable, coming in two or three weeks ahead of Concord ; tin
bunch is medium size, slightly shouldered; color greenish white, with a yellow tinge
when fully ripe ; flesh juicy and almost without pulp ; very few seeds.
Moy«r. From Canada, and very hardy. This new grape is very similar to the celebrated
Delaware, the bunch and berry are almost identical, possibly a trifle larger and of some-
what darker color, but ripens much earlier (just after the Champion); the flavor is equal
to Delaware, yet it is a much stronger grower, and almost free from mildew and rot.
Mills. Origin Ontario. Large berry and bunch ; black, covered with bloom ; flesh firm,
juicy, rich ; skin thick ; long keeper ; ripens with Concord.
Norton's Virginia. Bunch large, shouldered ; berries small, round ; skin thin, dark
purple, nearly black ; flesh purple, with a brisk, rather rough flavor ; vine vigorous,
productive, and free from disease. Last of August.
Niagara. No grape has been so strongly presented for public favor as this, and for awhile
it seemed as though it would merit all the praise bestowed upon it. The vine is remark-
ably vigorous and productive; bunch large, generally shouldered; berry large, roundish ;
color greenish white, turning to light yellow ; skin thin, but tough ; flesh slightly pulpy,
lender and sweet ; has a decided foxy flavor before fully ripe, which it pretty well loses
it maturity. Ripens with Concord. In some vineyards it has suffered greatly from rot,
and we are afraid this is a weakness that will be developed with age, but where it suc-
ceeds it will unquestionably be a very valuable sort.
. ocklington. A seedling of the Concord ; vine very hardy, healthy and productive ;
bunch large, generally shouldered ; berry light golden yellow when fully ripe; quality
good ; ripens rather early. It is a good keeper and bears shipping well. It will prob-
ably take its place as a valuable standard grape, being the largest and most showy white
grape of its type yet introduced.
Prentiss. A moderate grower; bunch medium size, compact; berry medium ; color yel-
lowish green ; flesh tender, juicy, sweet and pleasant, with a slight musky aroma ; ripens
with or a little later than Conco»d.
Perkins. Vine vigorous and productive; bunch medium; berrv large, pink, very fox v.
Early.
Rebecca. A white grape of merit ; bunches of medium size ; compact ; berries medium
size ; of a pale green color, turning to golden amber in the sun ; tender, juicy and
luscious. Last of August.
Scnppcrnong. A Southern grape, too tender for a more northern latitude than Virginia ;
does not succeed even in Virginia much above the tide-water line, but southward it is
quite hardy and valuable ; vine a vigorous grower ; requires no pruning ; bunch small,
loose, not often containing more than six berries ; fruit large, round ; skin thick, light
green ; flesh pulpy, juicy, sweet ; produces enormous crops ; continues in season about
six weeks.
Salem. (Rogers' No. 22.) Bunch and berry large ; of a light chestnut color ; skin thin ;
flesh tender, very sweet and sprightly, with a rich, aromatic flavor ; vine vigorous and
productive ; ripens before Concord. One of the best and most popular of Rogers'
Hybrids.
Telegraph. (Christine.) Black; bunch and berry medium to large ; quality better than
Hartford, and nearly as early ; vine vigorous ; free from mildew and productive.
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Franklin Davis Nursery C
Warden Grape. (See page 65.)
Descri] 'T i v e Cat a log u e
&5
Triumph. A new, white grape ; size very large in bunch and berry, which is of very fine
quality ; requires a long season to ripen ; is therefore best suited to the southern lati-
tude, where it is giving very good satisfaction.
Thomas. Originated in South Carolina; will not succeed north of the 37th parallel.
Fruit rather smaller than the Scuppernongs, to which class it belongs ; skin black ; flesh
tender, sweet ; ripens with the Scuppernong.
Tender Pulp. A new variety, which, as its name implies, has a pulp so tender that it
melts upon the tongue like a delicious pear ; not quite so sweet as the Scuppernong, to
which class it belongs, but its peculiar softness and fine flavor recommend it. It ripens
just before the Scuppernong ; will not succeed north of the 37th parallel.
Vergennes. A chance seedling from Vermont. Skin light red, rather thick ; flesh tendeh,
juicy, well-flavored ; very good quality. Ripens with Concord.
Wilder. (Rogers' Ao. 7.) Bunch and berry large ; black; pulp tender, juicy, rich and
sweet ; vigorous and productive. Ripens with Concord.
Worden. Said to be a seedling of the Concord, and is a slight improvement on that va-
riety ; ripens a few days earlier; bunch large and compact; berry large, black and of
good quality ; vine vigorous and productive. Will become very popular for the vine-
yard and garden.
Wyoming Red. Ripens with Delaware ; somewhat similar, though larger in bunch and
berry; light red ; early; vine strong grower and hardy.
ADDITIONAL VARIETIES.
Allen's Hvbrid,
Alvey.
Bacchus,
Croton,
Cottage,
Cynthiana,
Centennial,
Cleveland,
Eumelan,
Early Dawn,
Early Victor,
Eldorado,
Elsinburg,
Elvira,
Eva,
Israella,
Jessica.
Mary,
Massasoit,
Maxatawney
Noah,
Naomi,
Rogers' No. 8,
Senasqua,
Sherman,
Taylor,
Union Village,
Uhland,
Venango,
Waltc.
GOOSEBERRIES.
Until quite recently no interest has been felt in the cultivation of this fruit, further than
to grow a meager supply for home consumption, yet there are few crops that will yield as
satisfactory returns ; certainly none more certain with so little expense in cultivation. We
have been growing them for the Northern market, and the result has been very satisfactory.
Downing. A seedling of the Houghton. An upright, vigorous-growing plant ; fruit larger
than its parent ; color whitish green ; flesh rather soft, juicy, very good; productive;
valuable market sort.
Houghton's Seedling. Rather small ;
pale red ; flesh tender, juicy, sweet
and pleasant ; produces enormous
crops; free from mildew; most
profitable market variety.
Industry. English origin; the best
foreign gooseberry yet introduced ;
very large, dark red, excellent qual-
ity, beautiful, and an enormous
bearer.
Smith's Seedling. A new variety
grown from seed of the Houghton ;
more vigorous and upright in
growth of plant than its parent ;
the fruit is larger and somewhat
oval in form ; light green ; flesh
moderately firm, sweet and good.
We also cultivate some of the best
English sorts, but they are so liable to
mildew as to make them unprofitable ;
cherefore we cannot recommend them
for general planting. Industry Gooseberry.
66
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Cherry Currant.
SELECT CURRANTS.
Black English. A well tested and reliable black currant ; valuable for jellies, etc.
Bang-Up. A new black currant, very hardy ; bears early and abundantly ; one of the best.
Black Naples. Very large ; black ; valuable for jams and jellies ; has a strong musky
odor.
Cherry. Very large ; red ; strong grower and moderately productive ; fine for preserving
and a valuable market variety.
Descriptive Catalogue.
67
Crandall. A.native kind of first quality ; free from the odor of the European black varie-
ties ; fruit large and fine ; strong grower ;
abundant bearer ; free from insects.
Fay's Prolific. This currant has now been
before the public a number of years, and
we believe has pretty well sustained the
claims of its disseminator, who says of it :
"Color rich red; as compared with the
Cherry currant, Fay's prolific is equal in
size, better in flavor, containing less acid,
and five times as prolific, and from its long,
peculiar stem, less expensive to pick."
Lee's Prolific. A black variety of recent in-
troduction, and perhaps the best of its class.
Earlier than Black Naples, with the pecu-
liar musky flavor of that variety ; fruit
large ; very prolific.
La Versaillaise. One of the largest and best
currants ; an enormous bearer ; red ; flavor
good ; very similar to Cherry.
Prince Albert. A moderately vigorous grow-
er ; large foliage ; fruit large, bright red ;
late.
Red Dutch. Larger than the common red,
and clusters much larger and less acid ; one
of the best red currants.
Red Grape. Very large ; bunch very long ;
beautiful red color ; a little more acid than
the Red Dutch ; very productive.
Victoria. A late variety, of rather large size ;
red ; bunch long ; productive.
White Grape. The best white currant ; bunch
moderately long; berries large; very pro-
ductive ; less acid than the red currants ;
fine for the table.
White Dutch. Rather large ; white ; good.
RASPBERRIES.
Brandywine. Hardy and very productive ;
fruit large size ; light red ; moderately
juicy, flavor pleasant ; one of the most valu-
able sorts.
Caroline. Fruit quite large ; deep orange yel-
low or salmon color, with a slight bloom ;
flesh soft, juicy, sweet, rich, and of very-
good quality.
Clarke. Large ; bright crimson ; flesh rather
soft, juicy, sweet and excellent ; canes
strong, vigorous and upright in growth.
Cuthbert. (Queen of the Market.) Canes strong, upright, very vigorous, sometimes
branching; foliage luxuriant; fruit large to very large; red; moderately firm, with
high, sprightly flavor; very productive. Its many valuable qualities render it desir-
able for home or market culture. It succeeds well generally, and is almost the only one
that can be relied on in the Cotton states. We commend it to planters in all sections.
Doolittlo's Improved. (Cap.) An old, popular, early sort, but not planted so largely as
formerly.
Farhart. (Everbearing Black Cap.) The best everbearer yet introduced, and as a novelty
a sure success ; while it bears a good crop at the regular time for fruiting with other
black caps, yet it can not be recommended as valuable for market.
Florence (Cap). Yellow; of good quality ; hardy and productive.
Greff,?. This is one of the largest, if not the largest, of the black cap family ; fruit large,
black, with a slight bloom ; flesh quite firm, moderately juicy, sweet and rich ; the fruit
ripens late and very evenly, making the picking season short ; it is a very strong
grower and good bearer. Very desirable.
68
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Culhbcrt Raspberry.
*]o Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Marlboro Raspberry.
Golden Queen. A seedling or "sport'* of the Cuthbert, and in hardiness and vigorous
growth of plant resembles that variety ; fruit of large size ; color beautiful yellow ;
flavor excellent.
Hansell. Fruit medium size, bright crimson, very firm and of good quality ; ripens a
week earlier than Brandy wine ; a moderate grower ; productive.
Hudson River Antwerp. A popular sort on the Hudson river, but does not succeed
farther south.
Herstitie. A large, beautiful and delicious berry, but it does not stand our hot sunshine
sufficiently well to allow us to recommend it.
Mammoth duster. I McCormick ; Cap). Of much larger size than the common black
cap, also sweeter and more juicy ; a strong grower and productive. Medium to late.
Marlboro. Strong and vigorous grower ; very productive ; fruit of uniformly large size
and good quality ; carries well ; commences ripening early, and continues for six weeks
or longer ; a very promising sort.
Palmer. Very similar to the old reliable black cap. Souhegan ; the only difference may be
that the fruit averages a little larger ; some claim it to be a stronger grower and better pro-
ducer ; however, it is a number one raspberry.
Philadelphia. This once popular sort has been superseded by its offspring, Reliance.
Descriptive Catalogue.
7i
Rancocas Raspberry.
Rancocas. This new sort is rapidly working its way to the front by its own merits, and it
will stay there, combining, as it does, so many good points. The plant is vigorous, and
the introducer says : " With same soil and with same care will produce twice as many
quarts to the acre as the Brandywine." Fruit large, beautiful color, good quality:
ripens its crop in a very short time, and is a good shipper. It will prove a most valuable
sort for marketing.
Reliance. Resembles the Philadelphia, from which it has descended, but by its more val-
uable qualities has superseded that once very popular sort ; fruit large size ; dark red
or crimson : flesh firm, juicy, sweet and sprightly; it is hardy, healthy and vigorous ;
very productive ; one of the largest of its class.
Souhcffaii. (Cap.) A week or ten days earlier than Doolittle ; strong grower ; very hardy ;
fruit large, jet black, handsome ; one of the very best of the caps.
Superb. A delicious berry of very large size and high qualitv ; commences ripening early,
and continues a long time in' bearing: requires high culture; not a profitable market
berry.
Shaffer's Colossal. Perhaps the largest raspberry, both in cane and fruit, yet produced ;
exceedingly productive ; fruit has purplish red color and rich flavor, yet somewhat acid ;
unrivalled for the table and canning ; being a cross between the red and black cap, its
color hurts its sale as a market berry.
Turner. {Southern Thorn/ess.) A strong grower, healthy and hardy; very productive;
berries of medium size, bright crimson ; flesh rather soft, sweet and rich ; desirable foi
home use ; succeeds over a great extent of country.
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Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Souhegan Raspberry. (See page 71.)
Brinckle's Orange,
Crimson Beauty,
I Delaware,
Lost Rubies,
ADDITIONAL VARIETIES.
Niagara,
Ohio, or Alden,
Red Antwerp,
Saunders,
Thwack,
Yellow Antwerp.
WINEBERRY.
Of Japanese origin. A novelty that has created quite a sensation in the horticultural
world, and proved itself to be a valuable acquisition ; the plant is quite distinct; it belongs
to the raspberry family, and is large, robust and perfectly hardy. The berries are half
transparent and beautiful, ranging in color from an amber to crimson as they ripen ; in
general appearance they resemble the raspberry ; the quality is distinct, rich, sprightly,
with a sharp subacid ; elegant for cooking, canning or jelly, far surpassing the huckleberry,
raspberry and many other small fruits ; it begins to ripen in July, and continues a longtime.
It is also a handsome ornamental shrub, and its freedom from insect pests and rust makes it
valuable indeed.
JUNEBERRY.
This valuable acquisition to the list of " new fruits " has been received with general ap-
proval ; in appearance and quality it strongly resembles the swamp huckleberry ; the fruit
is reddish purple in color, changing to bluish black, and is borne in clusters ; the flavor is
rich subacid ; excellent for dessert or canned ; the plant attains about the same size as the
currant ; extremely hardy, both to cold and heat ; very easy to cultivate ; seems to grow
and do well with very little care.
Lucre tia Blackberry.
SELECT BLACKBERRIES.
Crystal Wliite. The fruit is medium size ; white, half transparent, sweet and fairly good
in quality ; more of a novelty as a " white blackberry ;" plant close to some other kinds,
as the blossoms are pistillate.
Dorchester. Nearly equal in size to Lawton, somewhat sweeter, and producing large
crops of high flavored fruit; a vigorous grower; fruit large, of a deep, shining black.
The berries should be fully matured before they are gathered.
Erie. One of the very best large new berries ; absolutely hardy ; coal black; firm and
solid ; ripens early.
Early Cluster. A new berry of promise, ripening just after Early Harvest : berries medium
size, good quality : productive.
Early Harvest. One of the earliest, if not the very earliest blackberry yet introduced,
ripening two weeks before Wilson's Early ; berry medium size, good quality, and very
prolific ; it is firm and very attractive in appearance ; a good market sort.
Lmeretia. This is a trailing blackberry or dewberry ; a good grower and productive ; fruit
large and of good flavor.
Lawton. {New Rochelle.) An "old reliable;" large and of best quality; turns black a
considerable time before ripening. Late.
Minnewaski. Origin New York : very popular at its home on the Hudson river : has not
been thoroughly tried yet ; it promises to be an early, valuable kind for market ; very
hardy and productive.
74
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Jf'i/son's Early Blackberry.
Snyder. The hardiest blackberry known ; thoroughly tested in the extreme Northwest,
never known to winter kill ; fruit medium size and of good quality.
Taylor's Prolific. Large; coal black ; very hardy. Late.
Wilson's ESarly. A well known and most valuable sort ; it is of very large size, and very
productive, ripening its fruit quite early, and maturing the whole crop in a short time,
adding thereby greatly to its value as a berry for early marketing. There has been
more fruit grown of this variety during the last twenty years than all other sorts com-
bined.
Wilson, Jr. A seedling of Wilson's Earlv, said to inherit all the good qualities of its parent,
besides being larger and earlier. Probably the best early blackberry yet introduced.
Wachusett. (Wachusett Thomless.) Canes with few thorns ; fruit of medium size and
of good quality. Needs good, strong soil and good cultivation.
ADDITIONAL VARIETIES.
Agawam,
Brunton's Early,
Crystal White,
McCracken,
Missouri Mammoth,
Stayman's Early,
Wallace,
Western Triumph.
Descriptive Catalogue.
75
SELECT STRAWBERRIES
Wrong way of
planting.
Right way of planting..
The Strawberry at present occupies a very prominent place in the catalogue of fruits,
and nowhere is there greater reason for a people to be interested
in its culture than in the Middle States. It is at home in our soil,
and ripens its fruit so early as to give us an opportunity of getting
the principal part of our crop into New York and other markets be-
fore the more northern grower has a basket of berries to send in.
Thus we have the very cream of the market ; and that we can send
berries to this or even Boston market by rail or water, and that they
can reach their destination in good condition, has been shown to
our entire satisfaction.
We grew in Richmond one year (1868) one acre, from which we
gathered 3,200 quarts of fruit, two-thirds of which we sent to New
York ; the balance we sold in this market. The gross sales of this acre amounted to
$921.72; the cost of shipping and selling the same was $171.55.
We do not mention this as an extraordinary yield, nor an un-
usual price, but just to show what has actually been done under
ordinary circumstances.
We believe that 150 bushels may be obtained from an acre,
and that 100 bushels may be safely put down as an average for
every acre where the land is in good condition and the culti-
vation is thorough. The demand for berries is almost without
limit. We cannot expect the prices to rule so high as they did
some years ago, but with judicious management it will pay.
In garden culture set the plants in rows eighteen inches
apart and twelve inches apart in the
rows, leaving a narrow walk between
every three rows, from which the fruit
can be gathered without treading on the bed. In field culture
let the rows be three feet apart and the plants twelve inches
apart in the rows. An acre thus set will require 14,520 plants.
The ground should be kept free from weeds and grass and the
runners cut off as they make their ap-
pearance. Thorough preparation of
the soil is advised before setting ; then
shallow cultivation afterwards, so as not to disturb the roots. In
thespringthe ground should be mulched around the plants, so
as to keep the fruit clean. By this course a bed may be kept in
good bearing condition for many yeass.
We have given especial attention to the
selection of varieties, both for the amateur
and market grower, and believe that our
collection embraces the very best sorts. Our plants are of the best
quality, and will be furnished at very reasonable rates to those wanting
them in large quantities. We will here put in a word of caution against
the flaming advertisements of new varieties that are so often heralded
before the public. That there is room for im-
provement, we admit ; but the most of these
new sorts, so highly puffed, and offered at enormous prices, are
destined, like the most of their predecessors, to shine but for a
short time and then sink into obscurity ; perhaps, as the case has
often been, to come out at some future day under a new title, to
shine again for a short season, it is well enough to try those that
seem to merit it, but touch them lightly until they have proved
themselves good. Hold on to the standard sorts until something
is found better by actual experience. Perfect Flozc
Planted too shalloi
Planted too deep.
Pistillate.
;6
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Descriptive Catalogue.
77
Bubaeh No. 5. {P.) This is decidedly, all things considered, the best large strawberry.
Unfortunately it does not stand shipping, but for near by market and home use it has
paid enormously (over $500 per acre). It does well on all kinds of soil ; being an im-
perfect flower, it only reaches perfection when fertilized with some good stamen kinc'i,
as Jessie. Like all strawberries, it requires a liberal amount of manure; the plant is a
strong grower, with only a limited number of runners ; dark green foliage, and does not
blight or rust ; enormously productive ; the fruit is large, light red, handsome and
delicious. Early.
Captain Jack. Medium; deep red; second quality, but very prolific and profitable i >\
some soils.
Charles Downing. A well known sort, and, like the Wilson, adapted to a great variet\
of soils : fruit large, bright scarlet ; flesh juicy, sweet, and rich ; a valuable sort. Sea-
son medium.
Crescent Seedling. (P.) Fruit medium to large ; roundish, conical, bright scarlet. It
requires less time and attention than most varieties, and is well calculated for those who
cannot and will not give the necessary labor to produce the better kinds. It is a hardy,
strong, vigorous grower, and very productive ; the plant requires much room to give-
good results ; it ripens early and continues late, holding its size tolerably well ; and al-
though not of high flavor, its fair size, good color, and moderately firm flesh has given
it a near market value. Being a pistillate variety, it should be planted near other va-
rieties.
Crystal City. (P.) Medium size, conical ; color light crimson ; flesh soft ; quality good
' when very ripe ; valuable on account of its early ripening.
Cumberland. {Cumberland Triumph.) Very large, regular and uniform in size ; light
scarlet ; very handsome ; flesh juicy and good flavor ; plant very vigorous and product-
ive. It succeeds well almost everywhere. All things considered, this is one of the most
valuable sorts, and deserves very extensive planting. Season medium.
Glendale. Fruit medium to large ; regular in form ; color light scarlet ; very productive ;
succeeds best on heavy soils. Late.
Gandy. A new, very late kind ; the fruit is uniformly large, bright red, firm and of first
quality ; very valuable as a shipper ; requires high cultivation to bring it to perfection ;
is valuable as a fertilizer to use with other kinds, making the latter more faithful ; the
best late variety.
Haverland. {P.) Origin Ohio. Seedling of Crescent fertilized with Sharpless ; one of
the heaviest bearers, though a pistillate ; the plants are strong and healthy ; it does
best on light, fertile soils, making too heavy foliage on clay ; the fruit is large, long, coni-
cal, even in form ; light color ; very desirable.
Hoffman. This new berry has made lots of money for the Southern fruit grower ; it does
its best south of Maryland ; the fruit is medium size, very firm and of good quality ; the
plant is a strong grower and very productive.
James Vick. Very productive if not allowed to grow too thick in row; fruit of regular
form, medium size, and attractive color. Season medium.
Jewell. Originated in Connecticut in 1880, and is supposed to be a seedling of Jersey
Queen, and has been introduced as "the most productive large strawberry ever pro-
duced," and "of better color, more uniform and solid, of better quality, more vigorous
and more productive than Sharpless, it will not fail to become a great favorite." That
eminent pomologist, Marshall P. Wilder, says of it : " The Large size, good form, bright
color and remarkable solidity and productiveness will make it a permanent variety.
The Jewell promises to be a jewel of the vegetable kingdom." Awarded a silver medal
by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. Season medium.
Jncunda. Extra large; bright red; flesh solid, white, juicy, and of delicate flavor; a
very good and showy berry, but, unfortunately, it succeeds in a few places only ; does
best in heavy soils, and must have high cultivation.
Kentucky. A native of Kentucky ; very large ; bright scarlet ; sweet and delicious ;
ripens about a week later than most varieties ; fruit firm; a fine market sort ; plant
hardy and very productive ; valuable for the late market.
Lennig's AVrhite. One of the very finest-flavored sorts grown, but, unfortunately, it docs
not bear enough to make it profitable ; fruit large ; color whitish, tinged with red ; flesh
white, tender, juicy, sweet, rich, delicious, pineapple flavor.
Manchester. (P.) Fruit large size, bright color, and of good flavor; plants hardy, vig-
orous and productive ; medium to late.
Miner's Prolific. Fruit medium to large-; flesh light red ; moderately firm, juicy, sub
acid, and of fair quality , ripens medium to late.
Monarch. (Monarch of the West.) A variety esteemed by some for the table; very
large ; light color ; flesh soft, high flavored ; plants strong, vigorous and productive.
Season medium.
Michel's Early. Origin Arkansas. Six to ten days earlier than Crescent; a perfect
flower and a good fertilizer for other sorts , the berry is large and firm, and of the finest
flavor; one of the very best for early market; especially adapted to the South; the
plant is a strong, hardy grower, and free from rust or blight.
78
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Meok's Early. Origin Maryland. Perfect flower, fruit light colored ; very prolific ; valu-
able on account 01 its extreme earliness.
May King. A seedling of the Crescent, and regarded as a very promising sort for the
market; vigorous, very productive ; fruit large, bright red ; handsome. Early.
Old Eronclad. One of the very earliest sorts; plant vigorous and productive: berries
large and of uniform size and form, and of good appearance ; a good market sort.
Parry. A seedling of Jersey Queen ; plant is vigorous ; berries uniformly large : bright
scarlet ; handsome and good. This is one of the most promising of the new sorts.
Early to medium.
Seth Hoyden. {Bqydenis \<>. jo.) Very large; bright crimson; flesh moderately firm,
melting, sweet and of pleasant flavor ; "plant hardy, vigorous and productive ; continues
a long time in bearing. This variety is deservedly growing in favor.
Sharploss. This large, showy strawberry originated with J. K. Sharpless, Catawissa. Pa.
Fruit large to very large ; bright scarlet, somewhat glossy ; flesh light red, quite firm
moderately juicy, sweet, rich and of very good flavor ; medium to late in ripening ;
a most excellent sort for family use, and also a very profitable one for market. No
variety amongst the many new ones introduced during the past fifteen years has sus-
tained its good name so well as this.
Wilson. {Wilson's Albany.) This variety has st6od the test for over thirty years, and
worked its way upon its own merits to the top of the list of profitable market sorts. For
shipping long distances, and although more than one hundred sorts have been brought
out during this time that were to supersede it, we doubt if any one of them is to-day as
valuable as the Wilson, when we consider its wonderful productive and good shipping
qualities, as well as its value for general purposes. Early to medium.
73
Some of these are
well, and may, upon
customary rates.
Alpha,
Agriculturist,
Big Bob,
Bright Ida,
Black Defianee,
Barnes' Mammoth,
Colonel Cheney,
Columbus Wilson,
Daniel Boone,
Duncan,
Dr. Warder,
ADDITIONAL VARIETIES.
old and tried sorts of value ; others, new
further trial, be found to rank as best.
Duchess,
Early Queen,
Empress Eugenie,
Fillmore,
Finch's Prolific,
Golden Defiance,
Gipsy,
Great American,
Hovey's Seedling,
Huddleston's Fav'te
Hautbois Prolific,
Jersey Queen,
Kerr's Favorite,
Lacon,
Longfellow,
Maggie,
Mrs. Garfield,
Nicanor,
Neunan,
New Jersey Scarlet,
President Wilder,
Prince of Berries,
varieties which promise
We will supply them at
Philo,
Park Beauty,
Prouty's Seedling,
Piper's Seedling,
Phelps' Seedling,
Rivers' Eliza,
Russell's Prolific,
Star of the West,
Triple Crown,
Windsor Chief.
FIGS
The following are among the best and hardiest varieties
Angelique, Brown Turkey, Early Violet,
Black Ischia, Brunswick, Pregussata,
White Genoa,
White Marseilles
ESCULENT ROOTS.
Conover's Colossal. A
ASPARAGUS.
standard kind of first quality ; tender and high flavored ; ouen
ready to cut the second year after planting.
Ban's Mammoth. Originated near Philadelphia.
The largest of all, and with this great merit, it is very
early and quite tender; delicious; light colored;
the yield is simply enormous ; decidedly the best
asparagus for all purposes yet introduced. New.
Palmetto, or French. Southern origin ; new. Ten
days earlier than other kinds ; valuable for home or
market ; largest, tender ; very regular growth ; one
of the best.
RHUBARB, OR PIE PLANT.
This very desirable vegetable comes early in the
spring. The large stems of the
leaves are used for pie-making
and stewing; it is also valuable
for medicinal purposes ; we keep
the best varieties.
Linnaeus. Victoria.
HEDGE
PLANTS
American Arbor- Vitae, Hem-
~ , , . . lock 8prace,Norway Spruce.
Loiiover s Colossal Asparagus. These three well known and
popular varieties make a beautiful evergreen hedge.
Osage Orange. Two years. Osage Orange One year.
California Privel
CIONS AND BUDS OF FRUIT TREES.
Cions and buds of any variety of Fruit Trees enumerated in this
Catalogue can be furnished at the annexed prices, excepting only a
few sorts. Rhubarb.
When ordered to be sent by mail, the annexed price includes the payment of postage
when fifty cents' worth or more are taken.
Apples and Peach es, per dozen buds So 12' •
" " " " " cions 5°
Pears, Plums and Cherries, per dozen buds 25
" " " " " " cions 1 00
When the standard varieties are ordered by the hundred or thousand, they will be fur-
nished at gr^-tlv redii'-ftd prices.
6o Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Oroarnental Department.
In issuing this new edition of our Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental Trees, Ever-
greens, Flowering Shrubs, etc., we may say the increasing demand for this class of stock
has induced us to make this branch a more prominent feature of our establishment, and to
this end we have been steadily working for years, carefully selecting the best and most de-
sirable sorts out of the great mass that has been brought to the notice of the public. That
there should be many very good things, and also very poor ones, in these vast collections,
is a fact beyond question. For the supply of the amateur, and those whose plantings are to
embrace a large collection for variety's sake, it is very proper that they should be supplied ;
but our purpose is chiefly to furnish material to those who select for true merit, who want trees
and plants that will do the most good and give the best satisfaction. It should be kept in
mind that, with ornamentals, as with fruit trees, there are some that do well in one place
that will fail in another, so that care should be taken, in making up planting-lists, to select
such only as are known to succeed in the particular locality where they are to be planted.
We want trees that will not only show well in the earlier stages of their growth, but those
that will maintain a good form and pleasing habit as they grow older ; in fact, we should,
look more to the character of the tree when developed than to its appearance when young.
Our stock is in the best possible condition for transplanting, having plenty of room where
growing, and in soil eminently suited to the development of a good system of roots. With
careful planting, and proper care afterwards, there will be but little danger of failure.
Transplanting and Cultivation.
The same advice concerning transplanting and cultivation, given in our Fruit Cata-
logue, applies to this department ; but as it is often impossible to cultivate the ground in
which shade trees are planted, it will be the more necessary to mulch them well, and not
fet the grass grow close around the stem of the tree.
Descriptive Catalog he
8r
Flowering shrubs and evergreens should be carefully planted in good, deep, rich soil,
and well mulched. When this is done, watering will seldom be necessary ; but when, in
case of extreme drought, it maybe required, it should be thoroughly done, so as to reach
well down to the roots. Very much watering before the leaves expand is a decided injury .
let there be just enough to keep the earth moist about the roots, not soaking wet, or it may
cause them to decay.
The branches should always be shortened back, at the time of planting, in proportion to
the loss of roots sustained by the tree in moving.
Those contemplating planting trees should bear in mind that the value and beauty of a
tree or plant is dependent upon its thriftiness and symmetry rather than its height.
DECIDUOUS TREES
ABELE. See Poplar.
APPLE, Chinese Crab {Pyrus Malus—Spectabilis).
double pale, almost white How-
ers, and the other with double, J^p*
rose-colored bloom.
Siberian Crab (P. mains pruni-
folia). There are many varieties
in this class. The Transcendent
and Yellow are among the best.
The bloom is attractive, and the
fruit is not only showy, but is
valuable for preserving.
ASH, European {Fraxinus excelsior).
A lofty tree, of rapid growth.
While American (P. Americana).
A native tree of large size, pale-
green foliage ; one of the best of
the family.
AIA)E^EuTopeam(Alnusglulinosus).
A rapid-growing tree, which at-
tains a height of thirty to fifty
feet ; well adapted to moist situa-
tions.
ACACIA. See Locust.
BEECH, American {Fagus ferru-
ginea). One of the grandest
trees of our forest, hardy and
comparatively free from insect
depredations ; well deserving of
more extensive planting.
Purple-Leaved (Fagus sylvatica
purpurea). Foliage deep purple
in the spring, but under our hot
sun and in dry seasons it loses
much of its color; for the North-
ern States it is a very desirable
tree.
European Beech {Fagus sylvat-
ica). A beautiful tree, attain-
ing a height of sixty feet or more.
We grow two sorts, one with semi-
\ Typical Ash Tree.
I5IRCH, European White Birch (Betula alba). A medium-sized tree, quite erect
when young, but after a few years the branches assume an elegant, drooping habit,
which renders the tree very effective on the landscape.
1JIRD-CHERRY, European ( Prunus padus) . Tree of small size, bearing a profusion
of highly fragrant white flowers.
BOX-ELDER, Ash-Leaved. Maple {Negundo fraxinifolium). A rapid growing na -
tive tree, with light green twigs and pinnate leaves ; easily cultivated.
CATALPA, bignonioid.es. A native' of the Southern States : a rapid -growing tree, with
large, heart-shaped leaves and large spikes of white and purple flowers,
speciosa. Originated in the West ; said to be finer than the above, and blooms two or
three weeks earlier.
CYPRESS, Deciduous or Southern {Taxodium distichum). A beautiful, stately
tree, with small, elegant, yew-like foliage.
CHINESE CORK TREE {Philodendron Amurense). Resembles the Ailantus ; very
hardy ; thick, corky bark and elegant foliage : attains to thirty to forty feet in
height : desirable.
52
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
CHERRY (Cerasus). Large, double-flowering; produces a profusion of double white
flowers in the early spring.
ELM, English {Ulmus campestris). A native of Europe: a noble, rapid-growing tree,
forming a dense head ; a desirable tree for streets, avenues, etc.
English Cork-Barked {Ulmus suberosa). Strong, upright grower ; young branches
very corky ; leaves rough on both sides.
American or White {U. Americana). A native tree of large size, with spreading
head and graceful, drooping branches. Of all trees, no other, perhaps, unites in the
same degree majesty and beauty, grace and grandeur, as this one does. It flour-
ishes in all parts of the country, and deserves to be more generally planted.
Slippery Elm ( U.fulva). A native species, with ovate-oblong, downy leaves, branches
drooping or spreading.
Scotch or Wych { U. montana). A fine, spreading tree, of rapid growth and large
foliage.
Purple-Leaved Elm (['. campestris purpurea). A striking variety, with erect
branches and small purple leaves.
FRIXGE-TREE, White Fringe {Chionanthus Virginica). A small native tree, with
ash-like leaves and drooping racemes of pure white flowers, resembling an elegant
fringe.
HAWTHORN*, English Hawthorn {Crataegus oxyacantha). The celebrated English
hedgeplant ; not so valuable here for that purpose.
Double White {Flore pieno). Has small, double white flowers ; quite ornamental in
flower and foliage.
Double Pink. Rose-colored flowers, and produced in great abundance.
Double Red. Bright, double-red flowers.
HORSE-CHESTNUT, Common White Flowering (Azsculus hippocastanum). A
handsomely-formed tree, with very attractive flowers ; succeeds well in the North-
ern States and in the elevated portions of the Southern States ; but in many places
South its foliage burns under the hot sun.
Red-Flowered {A5. rubicunda). A superb tree in both foliage and flowers ; the
foliage is darker green than the white, and the flowers showy red, coming later.
Very desirable.
Ohio Buckeye {A?, glabra). A native of the Western States, forming a large-sized
tree ; flowers pale yellow.
HORNBEAM, Aanerican Hornbeam {Carpinus Americana). A native species,
growing fifteen or twenty feet high ; its habit of growth is similar to that of the
beech, but foliage is thinner and more irregular in form.
European Hornbeam {C. betulus). A dense-growing species, with smooth, gray
bark and birch-like foliage.
JUDAS-TREE, Red Bud {Cercis Canaden-
sis). A very ornamental tree of small size,
with heart-shaped leaves, and is covered
with a profusion of delicate pink flowers be-
fore the foliage appears.
Japan Judas-Tree {C. Japonic urn^. Re-
cently introduced from Japan. The flowers
are larger than the above species, and of a
light rose-color ; it is entirely hardy and
very beautiful.
KENTUCKY COFFEE {Gymnocladus Cana-
densis). A largergrowing tree, with rough
bark, stiff, blunt shoots, and feathery foliage
KCELREUTERIA (Kaclreuteria paniculata .
A small tree, valuable because of its yellow
flowers and pretty foliage.
LARCH, European I Larix Europoeus). A
beautiful, rapid-growing pyramidal tree,
with all the characteristics of an evergreen,
except that it drops its foliage in the autumn;
very desirable.
LABURNUM, Golden Chain {Cytisus La-
burnum). A very ornamental small tree, a
native of Europe, with smooth, shining
foliage, bearing a profusion of drooping ra-
cemes of yellow flowers.
LINDEN, American Bass wood [Tilia
Americana). A large, native, rapid-grow-
ing tree, with large leaves and fragrant flow-
ers ; tine for street or lawn planting ; is be-
coming very popular, and deservedly so, as
it is a fine tree.
Descriptive Catalogue. 83
LINDEN, European Linden {Tilia Europcea). A fine pyramidal tree, more compact in
its habit than the above, but does not attain
as large a size ; a very popular tree.
White-Leaved European Linden ( T. ar-
gentea). A vigorous-growing tree ; its
handsome form, growth, and foliage render
it worthy to be classed amongst the best of
our ornamental trees.
Broad-Leaved European Linden ( T. piaty-
pJiyllos). Distinguished from 7". Europoea
by its larger and rougher leaves.
LOCUST, Honey. Three -Thorned Acacia
{Gleditschia triacanthos). A rapid-grow-
ing native tree, with delicate, doubly-pin-
nated leaves and formidable spines ; some-
times used for hedging.
Yellow Locust {Robin ia Pseudacacia). A
native tree of large size, of rapid growth,
possessing a soft and graceful foliage, with
a refreshing tint of fight green ; Mowers
white or yellowish, very abundant and
fragrant, and growing in long, pendulous
racemes.
Rose Acacia, or Moss Locust {Robin ia
/lispida). A native tree or shrub, of spread-
ing, irregular growth, producing long
clusters of rose-colored flowers.
MAPLE, Silver-Leaved {Acer dasycavpum). A
hardy, rapid-growing native tree, attaining
a large size ; valuable for producing a quick
shade; fine for street and park-planting,
for which purpose it is planted more largely
than any other tree.
Japan Maples. Mostly, dwarf habit, several Silver- Leaved Maple.
kinds weeping and cut-leaved, with brightly
colored foliage, red, purple, etc.; these are indeed remarkable for beauty, and wher-
ever planted give perfect satisfaction.
Norway Maple (A. platanoides). One of the most beautiful and desirable trees
known ; foliage broad, deep green, shining ; its compact habit and stout and vig-
orous growth render it one of the most valuable trees lor street or lawn-planting.
Sugar Maple {A. saccharinuni). A well-known native tree, of stately growth, fine
form and oliage ; very desirable as an ornamental and shade tree.
Sycamore Maple {A. Pseudo-pialanus). An European species, of moderate size;
leaves large, dark green.
Schwedler's Maple. This beautiful maple of recent introduction is attracting con-
siderable attention ; it is of the Norma family, and of about the same habit of growth ;
its handsome purplish crimson leaves in May and June, changing to a bronze as
they mature, are much admired.
Red or Scarlet Maple (A. rubrum). A native species, of moderate size, producing
deep-red blossoms, and in autumn the foliage changes to a brilliant scarlet.
English or Cork-Barked Maple [A. eampestre). A slow-growing tree, or com-
pact, roundish habit, with corky bark.
Cut-Leaved Maple {A. dissectum). A tree of small size, round-headed, compact ;
foliage large, deeply cut.
MAGNOLIA, Cucumber-Tree (Jf. acuminata). A beautiful pyramidal tree, attaining
a height of seventy or eighty feet ; growth very rapid and upright ; flowers greenish
vellow.
Great-Leaved Magnolia {M. macrophylla). A tree of medium size, leaves from two
to three feet long ; flowers eight to ten inches in diameter ; pure white, very fragrant.
Umbrella-Tree (M- hipe/ala). A small-sized tree, of rapid growth, with immense
leaves ; flowers creamy white, four to six inches in diameter.
Grandiflora. This magnificent Southern evergreen may be called the Queen of the
Magnolias. It is really a grand tree, but, unfortunately, too tender to stand the
winters well north of the Potomac, and even the climate along the mountains of Vir-
ginia is rather too severe for it to do well ; but east of Richmond and south of James
river it flourishes finelv. The tree is of rapid and handsome growth ; leaves eight
to ten inches long, which are retained the whole year ; flowers large, white, and very
fragrant.
Everblooming, Chinese Hybrid (.}/". Semperflorea) . One <>f the best yet intro-
duced; very desirable on account of never being without bloom; purple, large;
very pretty.
Lennes (Lenne's Magnolia). A seedling of Purpurea : foliage large; flowers dark
purple ; very fine.
84
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
MAGNOLL\, Yulan, or Chinese White {M. conspicud). A medium-sized tree, with
a regular form ; flowers are large and pure white, and appear before the leaves ;
very beautiful.
Purple Japan (3T. purpurea). A small tree, or rather large shrub ; flowers dark
purple outside, and shaded to white within.
Soulange's Hybrid Chinese {J/. Soula?igeana) . Shrubby and branchy when young,
but becoming a fair-sized tree ; flowers white and purple, three to five inches in
diameter ; blooms late ; handsome and hardy.
Glaucous-Leaved, or Sweet Bay {M. glaucci). A small tree, indigenous to the
lower portions of Maryland, Virginia and other Southern states ; leaves shiny above
and glaucous or whitish beneath ; flowers white and very sweet.
Showy -Flowered Magnolia (J/, speciosa). Flowers a little smaller than those of
Soulangeana, and of lighter color ; blooms a week later, and remains in perfect
condition on the tree longer.
Slender-Growing Magnolia {3T. gracilis). A small tree, or large shrub ; flowers
cup-shaped, dark purple.
MOUNTAIN ASH, European {Pyrus aucuparia). A small tree, with dense and
regular head. In the Northern states it is covered from July till winter with great
clusters of bright scarlet berries, but here and southward it drops them much earlier,
therefore losing much of its beauty.
American (S. Americana) . A tree of coarser growth and foliage than the preceding.
MAIDENHAIR TREE, or Japan Ginkgo (Salisburia adiatitifolia). A remarkable
tree from Japan, of medium size ; leaves fan-shaped.
MULBERRY, Downing's Everbearing (Jforits multicaulis). A fine, rapid-growing
tree, bearing large, fine black fruit.
AYhite Mulberry (J/, alba). A native of China; tree small; growth slender, but
rapid ; fruit pinkish white.
MIMOSA, Silk-Tree {Acacia Julibrissin). A small-sized, spreading tree, producing
pretty flowers.
OAK, English Oak {Ouercus robur). Spreading and slow grower, but forms a large,
majestic and grand tree at maturity.
"White Oak (O. alba). One of the noblest of our native trees, of large size, and widely
spreading branches.
Willow-Leaved Oak (O. phellos). A very pretty, medium-sized tree: leave- long
and narrow, like those"of the willow ; very distinct and effective.
OSAGE ORANGE {Madura aurantiaca^. A native tree, of medium size and spreading
habit ; leaves bright, shiny green ; the fruit resembles an orange ; extensively used
for hedges.
PEACH, Double AVhite-Flowering {Persica vulgaris, alba fl. plena-. Flowers pure
white and very double.
Double Rose-Flowering Peach \P. vulgaris, fi. rosa plena). Flowers double, pale
rose-colored ; resemble small roses ; very pretty.
Double Red-Flowering {P. vulgaris, sauguinea fl. plena). Flowers semi-double,
bright red ; very fine.
The three varieties above described are all very attractive, and their effect is
very pleasing when all are grouped together.
POPLAR, White or Silver Poplar, or Silver Abele {Populus alba). A native of
Europe, of very rapid growth and spreading habit ; leaves dark green above, but
very white beneath.
Balsam Poplar \P. balsa mi/ era). A native tree, of very rapid growth : leaves large
and glossy.
Carolina Poplar, or Cottonwood {P. Caroliniana) . A large-sized tree, of remark-
ably rapid growth, and becoming popular with those who want shade in the shortest
possible time.
PAUIjOWNIA [P. imperialis. A fine, tropical-looking tree, from Japan, of very rapid
growth ; leaves twelve to fourteen inches in diameter blossoms trumpet-shaped,
formed in large, upright panicles.
SALISBURIA (S. adiantifolid) . See Maidenhair Tree.
SOPHORA. Japan Sophora (S. Japonica). A medium-sized tree, light-colored, soft
foliage ; flowers of a light cream color, in panicles.
SWEET GUM ( Liquidambar slyraciflua) . A fine native ornamental tree, the foliage re-
sembling that of the Maple ; corky bark : leaves changing to deep crimson in the
autumn.
TULIP TREE [Lirindendron tuHjnfera). A magnificent native tree, with large, smooth.
shining leaves; flowers tulip-shaped, greenish yellow; line for shade; difficult to
transplant except when of small size.
Descriptive Catalogue. 85
h~il»iar)ivck Willow. (See page 86.)
WILLOW, Golden Willow {Salix vUellina aurantiacd). A handsome tree, particularly
conspicuous in winter on account of its yellow bark.
Annularis, or Ring-Leaved. Very rapid grower ; upright, with leaves curiously
curled like a ring.
YELLOW WOOD, ( / 'irgilia lulea or Cladrastis) . A very fine American tree, resembling
the Locust, with long racemes of white, sweet-scented flowers in June ; a tree of
slow growth, but one of the finest.
WEEPING TREES.
ASH, AVeeping Ash (Fraxinus excelsior pendula). A tree <>f medium size, with stiff,
twisted, pendulous branches.
BEECH, Weeping Beech {Fagus pendula). A graceful, elegant tree, with branches
more or less pendant.
BIRCH, Weeping Cut-Leaved Birch [Be tula alba, var. pendula laciniata). A charm-
ing tree in the Northern states, but does not show so much beauty South, except in
very favorable locations; it is of very graceful, drooping habit, silvery white bark
and delicate, cut foliage.
CHERRY, Dwarf Weeping Cherry {Cerasus pumila pendula). A curious and be au
tiful little round-headed drooping tree.
DOGWOOD (Comus pendula). Very similar in foliage and flower to the common white
Dogwood, yet with decidedly drooping branches ; hardy and very handsome ; makes
brilliant autumn foliage ; a beautiful lawn tree of dwarf habit.
ELM, Camperdown Weeping Elm {Ulmusvar. Camperdown pendula), A drooping
and picturesque variety of the Scotch Elm ; foliage large, dark green, covering the
tree with a luxuriant mass of verdure.
MULBERRY. Fountain-shaped, like the Kilmarnock Willow ; long, slender branches
drooping to the ground ; very hardy and striking ; among the best of weeping trees.
86
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
LINDEN, White. Leaved Weeping Linden {Tiliaalba pendula). A fine lawn tree,
with very graceful, drooping branches and downy white leaves ; a rapid grower, and
quite hardy.
3IOUNTAIN ASH, Weeping Mountain Ash (Sorbus Aucuparia pendula). The
branches of this distinct variety are of a straggling, pendent habit ; a rapid grower
WILLOW, Common Weeping Willow (Sali.v Babylonica). A native of Asia. This
is one of the most graceful and beautiful of the weeping trees ; it is of rapid growth,
attaining a very large size, showing its greatest beauty in damp or moist soils, but
grows fairly well in any good soil.
Kilmarnock Willow (S. cuprea pendula) k A variety of the Goat Willow, making a
very pretty tree when budded six or eight feet high ; forming a complete umbrella
head, the branches and foliage being very dense, unique in form.
New American A\reeping Willow (S. purpurea pendula). A small, slender-
branched species from Europe ; often known as the Fountain Willow.
Rosemary-Leaved Willow (S. rosemarinifolia or peliolaris). A shrub, native of
this country ; when worked five to seven feet high makes a pretty, small, round-
headed tree.
EVERGREENS.
ARBOR-VITMK, American ( Thuja occidentalis). Sometimes called White Cedar, a well-
known native species, of great value, forming an upright, conical tree of medium
size ; especially valu-
able for screens and
hedges.
Booth's Dwarf ( T. pu-
mila). Forms a dwarf,
dense bush, rounded in
form; foliage dark
green ; one of the best.
Chinese {Biota orien-
talis). FromChinaand
Japan ; a small tree,
with erect branches and
dense, flat, light green
foliage.
Chinese Golden [B.
aurea). This is the
most elegant and
charming, and justly
becoming the most
popular of the Arbor-
Vitzes ; the beautiful
golden tint of its foliage
and the compact and
regular outline of its
habit render it un-
usually attractive.
Kver Golden {Biota
orient alt's s e m p e r
aurea). This very dis-
tinct evergreen is very
desirable on account of
its never changing its
beautiful bright golden
color ; very hardv.
Globe-Headed (7*.
globosa). Originated at
Philadelphia ; forms a
dense, round head ;
dwarfish in habit ; de-
sirable.
Geo. Peahody. Com-
pact, with bright golden
color which it retains
throughout the year ;
one of the best. €
Heath-leaved [T. eri-
coides). A dwarf va-
riety, with heath-like
foliage ; forms a dense
bush but a few feet high.
Chinese Golden Arbor- Files.
Descriptive Catalogue.
87
ARBOR-VIT^, Hovey's Golden {T. Hoveyi). Of dwarfish habit ; globular in outline;
foliage of a light yellowish green hue ; hardy and fine.
Parsons' (T. compacta) . A dwarf of compact habit and yellowish green foliage.
Reid's (7*. Reidii). A very pretty dwarfish variety, with slender twigs and bright
green color.
Siberian (7*. Sibiricd). A well-known popular variety ; tree of medium size, very
hardy, of dark green color and compact growth.
Upright (T. pyramidalis). Of very erect form ; dark green, compact, and very desir-
able.
BOX, Dwarf-Box {Buxus suffruticosa). The well-known sort used for edging ; makes
a very pretty little shrub when planted singly.
Common Tree-Box (B. sempervirens) . A
handsome shrub, with deep green foliage ;
succeeds well in the shade.
Myrtle-Leaved Box (B. myrtifolid). A regu-
' lar cone, with small, obovate leaves.
Bound- Leaved Chinese Box (Var. rotundi-
folia). Elegant shrub.
Broad-Leaved Chinese Box (B. latifolid).
Has broad leaves ; one of the most desirable
sorts.
Thyme- Leaved Box (B. thy mif olid). Habit
compact ; growth slow.
Silver Striped-Leaved Box {B. argented).
Gold Striped-Leaved Box (B aurea).
CEDAR Deodar Cedar (Cedrus Deodara). A
native of the Himalayas, being one of the
most graceful and elegant of all the Euro-
pean trees ; growth rapid, branches drooping ;
foliage light glaucous green; not entirely
hardy north of Philadelphia.
Cedar of Lebanon (C. Libont). A regularly
conical tree, with deep rich green foliage.
CYPRESS, Lawson's Cypress (Cupresstis Law
soniana). From California ; a large, grace-
ful tree, having elegant, drooping branches ;
leaves dark, glossy green, tinged with a glau-
cous hue ; one of the finest of its class.
Slender-Growing Lawson Cypress (Var.
gracilis). Graceful, drooping branches, of a
silvery, glaucous color; very graceful.
Nootk.v Sound Cypress (Var. Nzitkcensis).
A hardy and desirable species from Nootka
Sound pyramidal in habit, forming a tall
tree, with dark green, slightly glaucous foli-
age.
Lawson's Pyramidal Cypress (Var. pyrami-
dalis). Upright and dense in its habit of
growth.
CRYPTOMERIA, Japan Cedar (C. Japonic a-
A rapid-growing tree, of graceful habit.
EUOXYMTS, Japan Euonymus. Leaves shin-
ing green ; used for hedging; also desirable
on the lawn.
Silver-Striped Euonymus ( E. argented).
Gold Variegated Euonymous {£,. aureus).
FIR, Balsam Pip, Balm of Gilead {Picea bal-
samea). A well-known and popular tree ;
very pretty when young.
Euglish Silver Fir (/'. pectinatd). A noble
tree, with spreading, horizontal branches;
dark, shining green color, holding its color
well through the winter; it is rather sti (V
looking, wlien young, but makes a splendid
tree.
Nbrdman's Silver Fir [P. Nordmanniana) .
A rapid grower, regular in outline, foliage
massive, dark green ; one of the finest of the
Silver Firs.
Pinsapo Fir (P. pinsapo). From the moun-
tains of Spain ; compact in growth, leaves
deep, shining green ; very pretty, but not en-
tirely hardy in the Northern states. Irish Juniper.
HOLLY (Ilex). A well-known evergreen tree, with sh ining, thorny leaves, somewhat
resembling the Oak in form ; produces ornamental red berries, which hang on the
tree through the winter.
European Holly. Very similar to the native Holly in general appearance ; somewhat
darker shade of green, and more compact in habit and growth.
JUNIPER, Irish Juniper {Juniperus Hibernica). A distinct and beautiful variety, of
very erect, dense, conical outline, resembling a pillar of green.
Swedish Juniper {J. Suecica). A small-sized, handsome, pyramidal tree, with
foliage of a pale, yellowish hue ; quite hardy.
Common Juniper (J. communis). The well-known native species, growing six to
ten eet high.
Savin Juniper (/. Sabina) . A low-spreading, dark green shrub ; thrives on poor soils.
Prostrate Juniper (/. prostata). A native, trailing species, densely branched, of
very dark green color ; well suited for covering rockwork.
JVIAHONIA, Holly-Leaved Mahonia [M. aquifolia). A native species, with purple,
prickly leaves, and showy, bright yellow flowers.
MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA. See page 83.
PINE, Austrian {Pinus Austriaca). A rapid-growing species, with long, stiff, dark green
leaves.
Scotch (P. sylvestris). A rapid-growing, hardy tree, with bluish foliage and rugged
shoots.
White, or Weymouth Pine (P. slrobus). A well-known native tree; very hardy,
and of rapid growth ; foliage light silvery green.
Bhotan Pine (P. excelsa). A graceful, elegant tree, resembling the White Pine, but
with longer foliage ; native of the Himalayas.
Swiss Sfone Pine {P. Cembra). A distinct European species, of short, compact
growth.
Dwarf 3Iugho Pine (P. Mughus). An evergreen shrub ; very hardy ; leaves short,
stiff, dark green.
Corsican Pine (P. Laricio). A handsome, open, pyramidal tree, with dark green,
twisted leaves.
RETINOSPORA, Plume-Like
Retinospora, Japan Cy-
press (A\ piuviosa.) . A very
compact-growing variety, with
small, light green leaves and
short, slender branches ; quite
hardy.
Obtuse-Leaved {R. oblusa).
A pretty and distinct species,
growing six to eight feet high,
with graceful, drooping
branches.
Golden-Tipped Plume-Like
Retinospora (Var. aurea).
A very striking and desirable
plant for this climate ; the lips
of branches showing a beauti-
ful golden yellow hue.
Silver-Spotted Plume -Like
Retinispora {Xar. argt >.
Young shoots sprinkled with
numerous silverv white dots.
Graceful ( R.filifera pend»la ) .
Of slender growth ; color light
green.
SPRUCE, Norway Spruce
{Abies excelsa). A European
species, of very rapid, elegant
and lofty growth, and when
it attains to the height of 15
or 20 feet the branches
assume a graceful, drooping
habit ; this is one of the hand-
somest as well as the most
popular evergreen trees ; very
hardy.
White Spruce {A. alba). A
very pretty tree ; attains a
height of 40 to 50 feet ;
compact in growth ; conical in
form, with soft, light green
Norzcay Spruce. foliage ; very hardy ; desirable.
8g
SPRUCE, Hemlocfc: (A. Ca?iadensis) . One of the hardiest and most handsome trees
branches drooping ; foliage delicate,
retaining its color well through the win-
ter; should be in every collection, how-
ever small ; it also makes a highly or-
namental hedge.
Himalayan, or Smith's Spruce (A.
Morinda). A noble and elegant tree,
with graceful, drooping branches.
Douglas' Spruce (A. Douglasii). A
rapid-growing species, but the foliage
browns badly in some localities.
WASH INGTONIA or WELLINGTON! A,
The BigTree of California {Seqtioia
gigantea). Attains extraordinary size
on the Pacific coast, but is not entirely
hardy in this section.
YEW, English. Yew {Taxus baccata). A
small, bushy tree, with rich, dark,
glossy green foliage ; suitable for clip-
ping into artificial forms.
Irish Yew ( T. fasti^iata) . Of close, erect
habit and dark green foliage.
Japan Yew ( T. adpressa). A hardy, very
pretty evergreen shrub, with dark green
leaveV and dense habit of growth.
FLOWERING
AND OTHER SHRUBS.
ALTHiEA or Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus).
The althaeas are fine, hardy, free-grow-
ing flowering shrubs, of easy cultivation,
and desirable on account of their late
summer-blooming. Our collection comprises a great variety of colors and shades.
Syriacus, Variegated-Leaved Double Purple-Flowered Althaea (H. flore ph no
fol. variegatis). A conspicuous variety, with foliage finely marked with light yel-
low, and producing double purple flowers ; one of the finest variegated-leaved shrubs.
Amaranthus. Rich purple ; fine.
Bicolor. Double white, with red striping.
Duchesse de Brabant. Flower large, very douole, of reddish-lilac color; one
of the best varieties.
Elegantissima. Bright pink, beautifully striped.
Fleure Blanche. Pure white, single flower ; flue.
Comte de Flanders. Bright maroon.
Carnea plena. White, tipped with pink.
Rammculaerlora. W hite, with maroon center.
Hemlock Spruce
Fire Ball, )
Grand i flora, > New and
Lady Stanley. )
desirable.
Sanguinea. Dark crimson.
Violet i 'lair. Clear violet.
Purpurea. Double reddish purple.
Paeoniflora. Large double pink ; very pretty.
ALMOXD (Dwarf), Double Rose-Flowering Almond {f-runui /aponica //ore rubra
plcno). A beautiful small shrub, producing an abundance of small, double, rose-
like flowers, closely set upon the twig before the leaves appear ; ve ry attractive.
White-Flowering Almond < Primus /aponica /lore albo p/e/io). Produces beautifdl,
double white flowers in April.
AZALEA, Pink-Flowering American Honeysuckle [Azalea nudiflora). A native
species, with beautiful pink flowers.
Pontica. Fine yellow flowers.
BERBKKRY, European Rerberry < Ilerbrrris vilgaris). A showy, upright growing
shrub; covered in autumn, with brilliant red fruit.
Purple Leaved Berberry < Var. purpurea). A fine variety, with purple leaves and
showy flowers.
BLADDER SEXXA I Coin tea arhnrescens). A large shrub, with small, delicate foliage,
and pea-shaped blossoms, followed by curious, inflated pods.
CAJjYCANTHUS, Sweet-Scented ShruD (C. Horidus). A well-knowfi# native bush,
the young wood of which has a strong aromatic odor ; foliage luxuriant, and the
rare! chocolate-colored blossoms are delightfully fragrant; blossoms in May and at
intervals during the summer.
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Deutzia crenaia FL TV-
9i
CRAPE MYRTLE (Lagerstrasmia Indica). A well-known and beautiful shrub; very
attractive on account of its profusion of crape-like flowers, which appear about mid-
summer, and continue for two months or more ; hardy south of Maryland.
DAPHNE, Gailaiul Flower, Mezereon (Daphne cneorum). Partially evergreen, of
trailing habit ; flowers pink ; very fragrant.
Common Mezereum. A small shrub, producing pinkish, fragrant flowers very early
in the spring.
DEUTZIA, Rough-Leaved (J), scabra). An upright, thrifty shrub, bearing a profusion
of white flowers in May.
Slender-Blanched (I), gracilis) . A smaller variety than the preceding; branches
slender and graceful, producing a profusion of pure white flowers that literally crowd
the branches ; exceedingly pretty and very hardy.
Double-Flowering Deutzia (I), crenata Jiore plena) . Prom Japan ; flowers double,
white, delicately margined with pink. This is deservedly one of the most popular
and desirable flowering shrubs, and no collection can be complete without it.
Double White (Flore alba plena). Produces a profusion of double, pure white flow-
ers, similar in habit to preceding.
Fortune's Deutzia (D. Fortunii). Dark green foliage, and large, single flowers.
Their hardihood, luxuriant foliage, and profusion of attractive flowers, render the
Deutzias deservedly the most popular flowering shrubs in our collection.
Pride of Rochester.' Origin in Rochester, N. Y. Large, double, white flowers, the
back of the petals being tinted with rose ; excels most of the old kinds in flower and
vigorous habit ; quite early and very handsome.
EUOXYMUS, Strawberry, or Spindle-Tree (E. Europeeus). An ornamental shrub
of large size, whose chief beauty consists in its brilliant red berries, which hang on
till late in the fall.
EXOCHORDA GRANDIPLORA. Japanese origin. A superb shrub, furnishing clouds
of bloom in May ; the flower is large, pure white, in racemes of five or six, with spoon-
shaped petals, which are very narrow and stand apart at the base ; the bush is large-
growing, attaining sometimes 10 feet in height and nearly as broad ; perfectly hardy ;
a grand shrub, indeed.
EVERGREEN THORX (Cralcegns
Pyracaniha). A low, bushy
plant, retaining its foliage all
winter ; has pinkish or white
flowers, succeeded by dense
clusters of orange-scarlet ber-
ries.
White - Fruited Pyracantha
(Var. alba). A variety with
pure white fruit ; good for hedg-
ing.
FORSVTHIA, Golden Bell (/ vir-
idissima). Flowers golden yel-
low , produced in the greatest
profusion in the very early
spring.
Fortune's Forsythia (F. Fot
tunii). (irowth upright ; flow-
ers golden yellow.
Weeping Forsythia {F. sus-
pensa). Growth slender and
drooping; flowers yellow.
FRINGE, Purple Fringe, Smoke
l ire, Venetian Sumac, Etc.
(Rhus cotinus). A very ele-
gant ornamental tree, or large
shrub, with curious, hair-like
flowers of pale purplish color
that cover the whole plant ; very
desirable.
White Fringe (Chionanthus Vu
ginica). See Ornamental Trees.
HAZEL, Purple - Leaved Euro-
pean Hazel - \ut ( Corylus
arellana autra-purpu rea). A
vigorous shrub, with deep pur
pie leaves; also desirable for
its fine fruit.
American Hazel-Nut [C. Ameri-
cana). A shrub three to five
feet high, producing a profusion
of well-flavored nuts. jcxvciiurda grandiflura.
92 Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Large-Panicled Hydrangea,
HALESLA, Common Snow-Drop, Silver Bell {Halesia ietraptcra). Produces in
the spring very pretty white, bell-shaped flowers.
HYDRANGEA, Garden Hydrangea {H. hortensis). Hardy, foliage large; flowers
produced in large, globular greenish heads, changing to light rose-color.
Oak-Leaved Hydrangea {H. quercifolia). Leaves large, turning to crimson in the
autumn ; flowers white, changing to purple.
Hydrangea paniculata. One of the hardiest of its kind ; very distinct in flower
and foliage ; not quite as free a bloomer as H. grandiflora, but very pretty and desir-
able.
Large-Panicled Hydrangea {H. paniculata grandifiora). This is one of the very
finest shrubs of recent introduction, growing eight to ten feet high, producing im-
mense pyramidal panicles of white flowers more than a foot long ; blooms in August
and September ; indispensable.
Thomas Hogg. An attractive variety, with enormous heads of pure white flowers ;
recently introduced from Japan.
Otaksa. From Japan ; plant produces immense trusses of rose-colored flowers in June.
HONEYSUCKLE, UPRIGHT. The following species are upright or shrubby plants.
The climbing sorts belonging to this class will be found described under the heading
of Climbers and Creepers.
Tartarian Honeysuckle (Lonicera Tatarica). From Tartary ; flowers abundant;
rose-colored.
White-Flowering Tartarian Honeysuckle (L. Tatarica var. alba). Similar to
the preceeding, but with nearly pure white flowers.
Great Red-Flowering Honeysuckle (L. var. rubra grandifiora). Of strong
growth ; flowers very abundant ; deep rose ; very attractive.
HAWTHORN. See Ornamental Trees.
JAPAN QUINCE {Pyrus Japonica, Cydonia Japonica, etc.). Produces bright scarlet
flowers in great profusion in the early spring ; very attractive and hardy ; one of
the very best hardy shrubs in the catalogue.
White-Flowering Japan Quince (C. J. alba. A desirable shrub, producing deli-
cate white and blush flowers in earlv spring.
Semi-Double Japan Quince (C. J. semi pieno). A variety of the scarlet, with
semi-double flowers.
JAPAN GLOBE-FLOWER, Corchorus {Kerria Japonica). A flexible, green-branched
shrub, producing for several months double globular yellow flowers.
LILAC, Common Lilac {Syringa vulgaris). Very generally known and admired, with
its profusion of fragrant bluish purple Hewers.
94
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
LILAC, Common White {Syringa var. alba). Flowers produced in slender panicles;
pure white and fragrant.
Josika's (S. Josikcea' s). A distinct species, producing deep lilac flowers.
Lilac of Marley (Syringa de Marley). Flowers of reddish purple, borne in great
profusion.
Persian Lilac (S. Persica). A native of Persia ; grows four to six feet high; foliage
small, flowers bright purple ; fragrant.
Sanget's Lilac (S. Sangeana). Purplish red ; flowers very fine.
White Persian (5. var. alba). Similar to the preceding, except that the flowers are
nearly white, being slightly shaded with purple.
PLUM, Donble-Flowered (Prunus triloba). Of recent introduction from China ; a very
hardy shrab ; flowers semi-double, of a delicate pink, closely set along the branches,
forming a compact spike ; very pretty and desirable.
Purple-Leaf Plum {Prunus Pi'ssardii). One of the very best small trees or shrubs of
recent introduction ; the foliage is a beautiful red purple, changing to a deep, black
purple; the hot sun has no ill effect on its rich colors; it remains beautiful until
frosts come, something unusual in purple-leaf plants ; by far the best of its kind ;
exceedingly hardy and very easy to transplant.
PRIVET, Common Privet {Ligustrum vulgare). A shrub with delicate, shiny foliage,
pretty white flowers, succeeded by bunches of black berries ; very suitable for
hedging.
California Privet (L. ovalifolium). A vigorous, hardy variety, of fine habit anu
foliage, nearly evergreen ; grows well in almost every soil ; ornamental, and one of
the best hedge-plants.
PiEONIA, Tree Paeony {Pceonia Monlan). The varieties are handsome flowering-shrubs,
attaining five to eight feet in height; flowers very large and quite numerous, with
gorgeous colors.
SPIRAEA, ariaefolia. A profuse bloomer, having large panicles of elegant white flowers.
Billard's Spiraea (S. Billardii). Bright, rose-colored flowers; blooms nearlv all
summer ; desirable.
Fortune's Spiraea {S. callosa). A fine sort; flowers light pink ; produced in large
panicles ; blossoms nearly all summer.
Fortune's Dwarf White Spiraea {Scallosa alba). A new dwarf variety, w.'thpure
white flowers.
Spiraea Billardii alba. Very similar to the rose colored, but with blossoms pure white.
Plum-Leaved Spiraea, Bridal- Wreath (S. prunifolia jlore plena). A very beau-
tiful variety ; flowers pure white, small, and very double ; blooms very early.
Reeves' Spiraea (S. Reevesii, or lanceolata). A very pretty sort, producing'clusters
of white flowers that cover the whole plant.
Reeves' Double-Flowering (S. Re evesii Jlore plena). This is one of the handsom-
est of the Spiraeas ; flowers pure white, very double ; indispensable.
Thunberg's Spiraea (S. Thunbergii). A small, white-flowering variety; desirable
for pot-culture.
Common Meadow-Sweet {S. salicifolia) . Growth irregular; upright form; nar-
row, willow-like leaves ; flowers white.
The Spiraeas are a very desirable family of
plants, easy of cultivation, hardy, and profuse
in flowering.
SNOWBERRY {Symphoricarpus racemo-
sus). Flowers small, pink, followed by
beautiful clusters of snow-white berries",
which hang long on the bush.
Indian Currant (5. vulgaris). Admired
on account of its profusion of bright red
coral-like berries.
SNOWBALL, Common Snowball (Vibui-
num opulus). An old and well-known
shrub, bearing large balls of pure white
flowers.
Plicate Viburnum ( J', plica fum). A rare
and exceedingly beautiful species from
China : flowers in large, globular heads,
pure white, hanging long on the bush ; a
very choice and desirable shrub.
SYRINGA, Mock -Orange {Philadelphus
coronarius). A rapid grower; flowers
large, white, and fragrant.
Double-Flowering Syringa (P. nivalis
semi pieno). ,One of the finest varieties;
flowers double, pure white, and fragrant.
Red-Twigged Syringa (P. sanguinea). A
native species, with long, dull red branches ;
flowers medium size ; white.
Viburnum Plicatum.
I 'ariegaied- Leaved U 'eigeia.
96
SYRLMGA, Golden-Leaved Syringa {P. foliis aureis). A very pretty dwarf plant,
with golden yellow foliage, holding its color well through the season. '
Large-Flowered Syringa [P. grandijiorus) . Flowers large, strong, slightly
fragrant.
TAMARIX, African Tamarix {Tamarisk Africana). A tall, graceful shrub, with
small foliage like the Juniper, and delicate, small, rosy purple llowers, produced in
spikes ; very pretty.
T. tetranda. The most beautiful of the genus ; flowers pale pink ; blooms late in
summer.
Japan Tamarix {Japonica) . A small-growing sort, with pretty, delicate flowers.
WEIGELA, Rose-Colored AYeigela {Weigela rosea). An elegant shrub, with beauti-
ful and strong rose-colored flowers ; hardy, and of easy cultivation ; should be in
every collection.
Lovely Weigela {W amabilis, or spiendens). A showy variety, of vigorous growth,
blooming late in the season.
White-Flowered Weigela \W. hortensis nivea). One of the most desirable shrubs
grown ; flowers pure white, and very abundant ; fine for forcing under glass during
the winter.
Light Red-Flowering Weigela {Rubra). Pale whitish pink flowers; growth
strong.
Great Weigela \W. arborea grandiflora) . Large and upright in growth; flowers
pale sulphur, white, or yellow, changing to pale pink.
Dwarf Variegated Rose "Weigela (var. nana variegata). Of spreading habit;
leaves distinctly variegated ; stands the sun well.
Deshois' Weigela ( W. Desboisi) . A deep rose-colored or red variety, similar in
growth to Weigela rosea.
CLIMBERS AND CREEPERS.
AKEBIA {A. quinata). A climbing plant from Japan, with fine foliage and clusters of
purplish, fragrant flowers ; very pretty.
AMPELOPSIS, American Ivy, or Virginia Creeper {A. quinquefolia) . A native
vine of vigorous growth, with abundant foliage, which turns rich crimson in the au-
tumn ; suitable for covering walls or trunks of trees.
Veitch's Ampelopsis {A Veitchii). Recently introduced from Japan ; grows rapidly,
and attaches itself firmly to walls ; the leaves
are small, turning to brilliant red in the au-
tumn.
CLEMATIS, Virgin s Bower. This is un-
questionablv one of the handsomest classes
of vines for covering arbors, trellises, pillars,
etc., that has been introduced. They are
slender-branched, rapid growers, with hand-
some foliage and beautiful flowers, ranging
in color from white to deep purple.
Jackmanni {Jacktnann1 s) . Without a doubt
the best yet introduced, and a general fa-
vorite ; large velvety, dark violet purple,
strong and hardy.
Henryi. Very large, free grower and
bloomer ; llowers creamy white ; one of
the best.
Fair Rosamond. Blush-white, with indis-
tinct wine-red bar : fine.
Flammula.or European Sweet-Scented.
A rampant grower ; very hardy, bearing
masses of small white flowers from June
to September ; very fragrant and beautiful.
Miss Bat eman. Pure white, early flowers,
stamens purplish ; lovely.
Scarlet {Coccinea). Flowers brilliant scar-
let ; unlike any other Clematis ; very choice
and rare. Blooms in July.
White Jackmanni {C.J. alba. Similar
to the purple in growth and habit, but with
pure white flowers.
HONEYSUCKLE, or WOODBINE, New
Japan Evergreen Honeysuckle (Lom-
cera brachypoda ) . A very vigorous grower,
with numerous white and yellow fragrant
Clematis Coccinea. flowers.
Descriptive Ca'i^logue.
Wistaria, is^c next pasi.;
98
Franklin Davis "Nursery Co.
HONEYSUCKLE, or WOODBINE, Golden- Veined {L. brachypoda aureo reticu
lata). A handsome and desirable variety, with elegantly- veined and netted foliage.
Hall's New Japan Honeysuckle (H alleana) . A strong, vigorous evergreen sort :
flowers white, changing to yellow ; very fragrant, and is covered with flowers nearly
all summer and autumn ; the best of all the Honeysuckles.
Chinese Twining Honeysuckle (L. Japonica). An old favorite, holding its foliage
through the winter ; flowers red, yellow, and white variegated ; very sweet.
Common Woodbine (L. periclymenum). A strong, rapid grower, with showy flow-
ers, red outside, buff within.
Monthly Fragrant or Dutch Honeysuckle (var. Belgiaun). Blooms through-
out the season ; flowers red and yellow ; very fragrant.
Red Coral or Scarlet Trumpet Honeysuckle (L. sempen-irens). A common
native vine, producing scarlet, inodorous flowers through the summer.
Yellow Trumpet Honeysuckle (L. Jiava). A well-known native vine, with yellow
trumpet flowers.
LVY (Hedera). The Ivies are evergreens, and much used for covering walls, trees, etc.,
clinging tenaciously thereto. They generally succeed best in a cool or somewhat
shaded place. We grow the most desirable sorts.
JESSAMINE, Naked-Flowering Jessamine (/. nudiflorum) . Produces golden
yellow flowers very early in the spring, before the foliage appears.
Common White Jessamine {J. officinale). A popular climber, with very fragrant
white flowers.
Golden Variegated Jessamine (var. variegalum). The markings are pure white,
golden yellow, and pink ; flowers white and very fragrant.
PERIWINKLE, Great Periwinkle (Vinca major). A trailing evergreen; leaves
large, deep green ; flowers large, pale blue.
Lesser Periwinkle (K minor). Much smaller than the above; dark green, shiny
leaves and purplish blue flowers.
\'ariegated Periwinkle {V. variegata aurea). Profusely marked with distinct
yellow blotches ; fine fcr baskets.
AVhite-Flowering Periwinkle ( » . /lore alba). Flowers profuse ; pure white.
TRUMPET - FLOWER, American Climbing Bignonia ( /ecoma radicans). A
rapid-growing native plant, with large, trumpet-shaped scarlet flowers.
Great Trumpet-Flower (T. grandiffora). A fine climber, with large, showy, pale
orange-colored flowers.
WISTARIA, Chinese Wistaria ( W. Chinensis). One of the most elegant and rapid-
growing of all the climbing plants ; attains a very large size, sometimes growing
fifteen or more feet in a season ; has long racemes of pale blue flowers in spring and
sometimes in autumn.
Double-Purple Wistaria (TV. flore pleno). The habit of the plant is similar to the
preceding ; flowers very double, and deeper in color than the former.
White-Flowering Wistaria ( W. alba). Like the preceding, except that the flowers
are pure white and single.
American Wistaria ( W. frntcsccns). Not so vigorous a grower as the Chinese va-
rieties ; flowers pale blue, in short clusters.
EVERGREEN HEDGE- PLANTS.
American Arbor-Vita?, Privet,
Siberian Arbor-Vitae, Tree-Box,
Hemlock Spruce, Dwarf-Box.
Norway Spruce,
DECIDUOUS HEDGE-PLANTS.
( )sage Orange, Japan Quince.
HERBACEOUS PAEONIES.
These are showy, beautiful and easily-cultivated plants. We have them in variety.
HARDY HERBACEOUS FLOWERING-PLANTS.
DIEIjYTRA SPECTABILIS, Bleeding Heart. A handsome, curiously-formed, rosy
crimson flower, with white and blue-tinged stamens : a fine border plant.
YUCCA, Spanish Bayonet, Adam's Xeedles, etc. (K Jilamenlosa) . Flowers on
-talks three to four feet high ; quite showy.
Descriptive Catalogue.
99
The Rose has long been acknowledged as the " Queen of Flowers,
duced compares at all with the Rose
in exquisite beauty and fragrance, and
no word of praise can add to its
charms. We aim to keep on hand a
good supply of only the very best va-
rieties, such as will bloom freely and
give satisfaction.
Roses of the Tea and Monthly class
are not altogether hardy north of
Virginia, yet with careful banking of
the earth high around the plant most
kinds do well. The Hybrids, Mosses
and Clusters are more hardy, still
some protection is very beneficial to
these, if it only be a covering of loose
straw or leaves. Coarse stable ma-
nure is the best mulch for winter and
summer. We would recommend that
north of Virginia selections should be
made from the Hybrid Perpetual class,
and especially where complete hardi-
ness and large plants are desired.
Spring is the best time for planting
Roses. The soil should be rich and
well drained, with careful culture, to
Annual pruning is very beneficial.
No flower yet intro-
msure success
La Prance
American Beauty.
SEVEN CHOICE
ROSES.
An7*ric&o Beauty.
A grand rose for either forcing or out-
door culture. Its very double flowers are
of a deep crimson color and very fra-
grant ; it is of full and very perfect form,
with the petals finely imbricated ; a con-
stant bloomer and strong grower. Very
desirable in every way ; its rich "June
rose" scent would alone commend it, to
say nothing of its many other good qual-
ities.
France.
This superb rose becomes more popu-
lar with each year ; its color is a beautiful
peach pink, and it is an elegant variety,
both in bud and flower. NO collection
is complete without La France ; its
fragrance is unsurpassed and peculiar to
itself.
Czvtr)*rio* A\errr)et.
This fine salmon pink Tea rose is de-
servedly and increasingly popular ; its
buds are often immense in size and are
considered perfection in form ; they al-
ways command a high price in the flower
stores.
TOO
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Perlc dcs Jar dins.
Perl* clcs J&rclirjs.
This grand yellow Tea is the favorite, and certainly one of the best roses ever intro-
doced. Its buds, which are of large size, perfect form and rich color, will continue its
popularity. A strong grower and free bloomer.
Papa Gorjtier.
This rose has fully met our expectations, bearing, as it does, dark carmine-crimson
buds, which, combined with their rich color and fine shape, have a delightful fragrance,
making it a very desirable variety ; it is a great improvement on the old and once popu-
lar favorite, Bon Silene, and after careful trial it stands out as one of the very best roses of
recent introduction.
Descriptive Catalogue
ioi
Tb* Bri<i*.
A white sport from Catherine Mermet, with all the hitter's good qualities, added to wind
it is a more profuse bloomer.
Purit&p.
The habit of this new Hybrid Tea Rose is strong, and the wood straight and stiff,
with the foliage well up to the flowers. Every shoot ends in one of its pure white flowers,
which, besides being very handsome, have a delicious fragrance. A splendid variety.
TEA AND MONTHLY ROSES.
The Tea Rose may well be considered the highest type of the Rose, in color fragrance,
and grace of form. All Teasbloom freely throughout the season.
Bon Silcne. Rosy carmine, shaded with salmon ; fragrant and very free (lowering.
Valuable for the buds.
Coquette de Liyou. I'ale.yellow ; medium or small size; the most profuse blooming
and valuable bedding sort of all the Teas.
Devoniensts. Creamy white, with pink center.
Duchess of Edinburgh. Seedling from Souv. de David d'Angiers. Deep crimson,
turning lighter as the bud expands ; of good size, moderately full ; no fragrance.
Duchesse do Brabant. Silvery pink ; very free.
Hermosa. Bright rose ; a most constant bloomer. One of the best.
Isabella Sprunt. Sulphur-yellow; very beautiful in the bud. A sport from Safrano,
which variety it greatly resembles'in every particular, save the color of the flower
Safrano. Saffron and apricot : a very free bloomer. One of the oldest varieties, and
in the bud state, scarcely to be surpassed.
Souv. do la Mai ma ison. Delicate flesh tinted with fawn ; flat form ; very large and
full, with rich foliage.
102
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES
This class of Roses is admirably suited for garden
culture, for the formation of rose beds, hedges and perma-
nent plantations, where hardy varieties are desired. They
are not strictly perpetual bloomers, though many of them
yield a fair second crop in the autumn, especially if judi-
ciously pruned.
This class, taken all in all, 'gives most general satis-
faction, because of the brilliant colors and large size of
its flowers and the entire permanence of the plants.
Raised from La Reine. Carmine, a beauti-
fragrant ; one of the hardiest. Valuable
Anno dc Diesbach {Glory of Frances.
ful shade ; very large ; a superior garden sort
for forcing. Budded and on own roots.
Baroness Rothschild. Light pink ; cup form, very symmetrical ; without fragrance.
Very distinct and beautiful ; one of the finest exhibition varieties. The wood is short
jointed ; very hardy and late bloomer.
Coquette des Blanches. Pure white, sometimes faintly tinted with pink ; flowers of
medium size, somewhat flat, but full and very pretty : growth more bushy and sym-
metrical than any of the others ; one of the hardiest ; later than the rest in coming into flower.
This seems to supersede Baron de Maynard and Mad. Alfred de Rougemont.
Coquette des Alpes. White, slightly shaded with carmine ; medium size, form semi-
cupped ; wood long jointed ; larger flowers than the others. The strongest grower of the
entire class.
Gen. Jacqueminot. A probable seedling from the Hybrid China, Gloire des Rosa,
manes. Brilliant crimson ; not full, but large and extremely effective ; fragrant and of ex.
cellent, hardy habit ; forces well. The most extensively grown of all the Hybrid Perpetuals
Gen. Washington. A seedling from Trioraphe de P Exposition. Bright red, with
crimson shade : large flat form, often indented 01 imperfect ; very large and very free
bloomer. Budded and on own roots.
Descriptive Catalogue.
Mabel Morrison. White, often tinged with pink in the^ autumn ; a very valuable
white rose.
M. P. Wilder. (New.) A seed
ling of the popular General Jacque-
minot ; strong growth, with healthy
foliage ; color cherry carmine ; con-
stant bloomer; one "of the very best.
Mad. Charles Wood. Rosy crim-
son, large ; constant bloomer.
Magna Charta. Pink, suffused!
with carmine ; full, globular ; foliage
and wood light green, with numerous
dark spines ; a fragrant, excellent
rose ; valuable for forcing. Budded |
and on own roots.
Perfection des Blanches. Pure
white.
Princ e Camille tie Rohan. Deep
velvetv crimson ; large, moderately
full ; a splendid rose. Budded and
on own roots.
Panl Neyron. A seedling from
Victor Verdier, fertilized by Anne de
Diesbach. Deep rose color ; good,
tough foliage ; wood rather smooth ;
by far the largest variety in cultiva-
tion ; a free bloomer and very desir-
able as a garden rose ; valuable for
forcing. Budded and on own roots.
CLIMBING ROSES.
Magna Char la.
Roses of this class are valuable for
training on trellises and arbors, cov-
ering verandas and buildings. They are rapid growers, and produce great quantities of
handsome bloom.
Baltimore Belle. Pale
blush, becoming nearly white ;
(' compact and fine.
Marechal Kiel. Said to
be a seedling from Isabella
Gray. Deep yellow ; very large,
very full, globular ; highly scented.
It is of delicate constitution, and
requires careful treatment ; it
should not be severely pruned ;
the finest of all yellow roses.
Queen of the Prairies. Bright rosy
red, frequently with white stripe ; foliage
large and quite deeply serrated.
Beine Marie Henriette. A seedling
from Mine. Bernard, fertilized by General
Jacqueminot. Flowers large and full;
beautiful cherry red; a pure shade; flowers
somewhat scented ; an extra fine climbing va-
riety.
Seven Sisters. Various shades of color —
pink, white and carmine. The small, dainty
flowers are produced in large clusters. An old
and popular rose.
Tennessee Belle. Dark pink, profuse
bloomer and strong grower. One of the best
climbing roses for the South.
POLYANTHA ROSE.
Mignonette. Delicate rose, changing to
blush ; very small, double ; a little gem. One of
the best Polyanthas, bloomiug ir; immense clus-
ters.
Climbing Rose.
Franklin Davis Nursery Co.
Enea\ies of Pruit
Trees and Plants.
The insect and fungous enemies of the orchard and fruit-garden increase so rapidly and
are so destructive that inquiries concerning the best methods of combatting them and
securing good fruit throng us from every side. In the summary given b low we have en-
deavored to answer these questions.
Fungou? Diseases.
An insect is something tangible. Usually it can be seen, seized in some manner, and
promptly dealt with ; but the fungous diseases of trees and plants, commonly known as
mildew, rust, scab, smut, blight, etc., have long been baffling because their real nature was
unknown. Spraying is now the most approved method of preventing the majority of these
diseases, and the formulas for mixtures and solutions that have been found most successful
are here given. Spraying machines for applying these solutions are sold in all the markets.
For Fungous Diseases of the Apple and Pear the following solutions are recom-
mended .
Formula i. Paris green. {Poisonous.) Use one-fourth pound of Paris green to 50 gal-
lons of water. Keep well stirred.
formula 2. London purple. (Poisonous.) Use one-fourth pound of London purple to
50 gallons of water. Keep well stirred. This formula is perhaps more liable to injure the
foliage than Paris green.
Formula j. Kerosene emulsion. Kerosene emusion is made by adding two parts of
kerosene to one part of a solution made by dissolving half a pound of hard soap in one
gallon of boiling water, and churning the mixture through a force-pump with a rather small
nozzle until the whole forms a creamy mass which will thicken into a jelly-like substance on
cooling. The soap solution should be hot when the kerosene is added, but of course must
not be near a fire. The emulsion thus made is to be diluted before using with nine parts
of cold water.
Formula 4. Bordeaux mixture.
Sulphate of copper (blue vitriol, blue-stone) 6 lbs.
Quick lime 4 lbs.
Water 22 gals.
Dissolve the sulphate of copper in two gallons of hot water to hasten the solution. Di-
lute this solution with fourteen gallons of water. Slake the lime, which must be fresh (i. <•.,
not partly air-slaked), slowly, with six gallons of water, stirring the mixture while so doing
to a smooth paste. After this is slightly cooled, pour it slowly into the copper solution,
stirring the whole rapidly at the same time. For use this mixture must be stirred and
strained through fine brass or copper gauze.
Formula 3. Ammoniacal carbonate of copper.
Carbonate of copper 3 oz.
Commercial ammonia (22°) 1 qt.
Water 22 gals.
Add the ammonia to the carbonate, and when dissolved dilute to twenty-two gallons
with water, forming a clear solution.
Apple and Pear Blight. Cut off and burn all affected parts as soon as noticed.
Apple-Scab. Spray with Formula 5 just after the leaves expand, and repeat three or
four times through the season.
Black-Rot in Grapes, (i) Spray with Bordeaux mixture, Formula 4, beginning
early in the season, and repeating about every two weeks as long as danger lasts ; or during
the latter half of the season use Formulas. ' (2) Manila paper bags securely pinned over
the bunches early in the season are a preventive of the rot, and also a protection against
birds, wasps, etc. 4
Powdery Mildew in Grapes. Dust the vines with powdered sulphur two or three
times during the season.
Descriptive Catalogue.
Insect?.
APPLE-TREE Borers. The Round-headed Apple-tree Borer {Saperda Candida) is a
grub hatched from the egg of a brownish beetle with two longitudinal white stripes along its
back, which deposits its eggs early in summer near the surface of the ground, where the
bark is tender. As soon as hatched, the grub gnaws its way into the inner bark or sapwood,
and continues to girdle and perforate the trunk during three summers, coming out of the
tree at the end of three years in the butterfly form, again to continue the propagation of the
species. There are a number of remedies for this pest: (i) P2xamine the tree, and cut
the borers out with the point of a knife, or kill them by thrusting a flexible wire as far as
possible into the holes. The place where the larva enters can usually be detected by the
sawdust-iike castings that are pushed out. (2) To prevent the parent moth from laying
eggs, apply to trunk of tree the last of April or early in May, and again about a month
later, a solution made by mixing one quart of soft soap with two gallons of water heated to
boiling, and then add a pint of crude carbolic acid. Apply with a scrub-brush or cloth.
Pkach-Borers {JEgeria cxitiosa) . These grubs hatch from eggs deposited (usually
during May, but also at different times until last of September) by a slender, dark blue
four -winged moth. They become small white borers, penetrating and devouring the bark
and sapwood, emerging again the next spring in the winged form, and depositing eggs for
another generation. The remedies are : (1) Cut out the borers as recommended under
apple-tree borers. (2) Earth up (about one foot high) around the trunks of the trees in
early spring, and level down in October ; and when leveling down, if any grubs have entered
trace and kill them. (3) If you don't earth up, apply the solution recommended for paint-
ing the trunks of apple-trees for borers.
All borers that infest nut-trees, shade-trees and grape-vines should be hunted out and
killed.
Caterpillars. Of these the most destructive is Clisiocampa Americana. Every one
is familiar with the web-like nests which they form on the twigs and in the forks of the
branches in the spring. Destroy these nests as soon as they appear in the spring. Do this
work in the early morning, on small trees stripping the nests off by hand and crushing
1 hem under foot ; on larger trees, use apole with a fork on the end, and by twisting in the nest,
pull down and destroy. Or apply Formula 1 or 2, given above, just at the time you spray for
the codlin-moth, as the same application destroys both.
The Canker-Worm ( A/iisopteryx vernata). The sluggish, wingless female moth
rises out of the ground very early in spring, and slowly ascends the trunk of the tree, laying
{ £gfi in clusters on the bark, to which they are secured by a grayish varnish. These usually
hatch about the time the young leaves begin to grow, when the little worms at once begin to
feed on the foliage. Encircle the trunk of the tree with bands of canvas or heavy paper
four or five inches wide, which have been thickly smeared with tar or the residuum of kero-
sene oil, thus trapping the female moth. Or use formula 1 or 2, at the same time and as
recommended for codlin-moth.
The Grape-vine Flea-Beetle {Hallica chalybea) . Dust the plants with a mixture
of one part of Paris green or London purple to fifty parts of flour, land-plaster or leached
ashes ; one application is usually sufficient.
The Grape Leaf- Hopper {Erythroncara vitis). Pass between the rows at night
with a torch, shaking the vines to start the insects. They will fly to the light and be de-
stroyed.
Plant Lice. Spray with kerosene emulsion (Formula 3).
Scolythus Rugulosi s. A minute insect that punctures the upper base of the spurs
of the peach. We can only suggest the burning of all affected trees in June as soon as
noticed.
Apple- Worm or Codlin-Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella). The parent moth of this
insect deposits its eggs in spring in the blossom end of the young apple, before the latter
has turned down on its stem. From this egg there hatches a small worm that eats its way
towards the core, feeding and increasing in size as the apple develops, causing the fruit to
drop prematurely. Apply Formula 1 or 2, just after the blossoms have fallen and before
tiie young apple has turned down on the stem ; and in case there is a washing rain soon
afterward, repeat the application. Apply by means of a force-pump and spray-nozzle,
throwing the liquid above the tree so that it will settle in a fine mist.
Curculio {Conolraclulus nenuphur). This greatest enemy of the plum and some
other stone fruits, also affects the apple and other kinds. Jar the trees and catch the insects
upon sheets and burn or otherwise destroy them. Another remedy is to spray the plum
trees soon after blossoms fall with Formula 1 or 2, repeating the application once or twice at
intervals of ten days. On plums of the Wild Goose class, or on peach trees, use a weaker
solution, not more than one ounce to fifteen gallons of water, always keeping the mixture
well stirred.
INDEX
Page
Abele 81
Acacia 81
Akebia 96
Alder 81
Almonds 56,89
Althaea 89
Ampelopsis 96
Apples 11-26
Apples, Crab 24,81
Apples, Varieties suited to certain lo-
calities 24-26
Aoricots 52
Arbor- Vitae 86
Ash 81,85
Asparagus . 79
Azalea 89
Basswood, American 82
Beech 81,85
Berberry 89
Birch 81,85
Bird-Cherry 81
Blackberry 73>74
Bladder Senna 89
Box 87
Box-Elder 81
Butternuts 56
Calycanthus 89
Catalpa 81
Cedar 87
Cherries 48-52
Cherry 82,85
Chestnuts 55
Chinese Cork Tree 81
Cions and Buds of Fruit Trees 79
Clematis 96
Climbers and Creepers 96-98
Crape Myrtle 91
Cryptomeria 87
Currants 66,67
Cypress 81,87
Daphne 91
Deciduous Hedge- Plants 98
Deciduous Trees 81-85
Deutzia 91
D elytra 9S
Dogwood 85
Elm .... 82,85
Enemies of Fruit Trees and Plants . 104,105
Euonymus 87,91
Evergreens 86-89
Evergreen Hedge-Plants 98
Evergreen Thorn 91
Exochorda 91
Figs 79
Filberts or Hazel Nuts 56
Fir 87
Flowering and other Shrubs .... S9-96
Forsythia 91
Fringe 91
Fringe- Tree ... 82
Fruit Department 1 1-79
General Instructions 6-10
G<
Grapes
Halesia
Hardy Herbaceous Flowerim
Hawthorn
Hazel
• °3
58-65
Plants . . 98
.... 82,92
91
Hedge Plants 70
Herbaceous Paeonies 98
Hickory Nut 56
Holly 8*
Honeysuckle 92.96.98
Page
Hornbeam §2
Horse-Chestnut 82
Hydrangea 92
Ivy 98
Japan Globe- Flower 92
Japan Quince ... 92
Jessamine 98
Judas-Tree 82
Juneberry 72
Juniper 88
Kentucky Coffee 82
Kcelreuteria 82
Laburnum 82
Larch 82
Lilac 92,94
Linden 82,83,86
Locust 83
Magnolia 83,84,88
Mahonia 88
Maiden-hair Tree
Maple 83
Mimosa 84
Mountain Ash 84,86
Mulberry 84,85
Nectarines 53
Nut-Bearing Trees 55,56
Oak 84
Orange, Japanese Hardy 56
I Ornamental Department So-89
Osage Orange 84
Paeonia 94
Paulownia 84
Peach 84
Peaches 34~43
Pears 27-34
Pecan 56
Periwinkle 98
Persimmon, Japanese 57
Pine 88
Plum 94
Plums 43-46
Plums, Japanese or Oriental 46,47
Poplar 84
Preface 2-5
Privet 94
Quinces 54
Raspberries 67-72
Retinospora . . . .' 88
Rhubarb 79
Roses 99-i°3
Salisburia . . 84
Shellbark 56
Snowball 94
Snowberry 94
Sophora . 84
Spiraea 94
Spruce 8^,89
Strawberries 75~79
Sweet Gum 84
Syringa 94.96
Tamarix 96
Trumpet- Flower 9S
Tulip Tree 84
Walnuts 50
Washingtonia 89
Weeping Trees 85,8c
Weigela 96
Willow 85,86
Wineberry 72
Wistaria 08
Yellow Wood 85
Yew 89
Yucca 98
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CUT-LEAVED WEEPING BIRCH.
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