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ILLUSTRATED
AND

DESCRIPTIVE

CATALOGUE

Fruit and Ornamental

2),
oy g

rea

TREES

Fo)

Small Fruits
Peeonies

Hardy Border Plants
Shrubs

Roses, Etc.

UBLISHED BY
ROCHESTER LITHOGRAPHING COMPANY
an

Notice to Customers

1. Orders should be sent in as early as possible,
that there may be plenty of time for shipping long
distances when necessary. is

2. Buyers ordering by letter, should write out their
orders plainly, on a separate list, and not on the body
of the letter. It will prevent mistakes in the hurry
of the packing season.

3. Give plain and explicit shipping directions.
When none are given we forward according to our best
judgment; but in no case do we assume any respon-
sibility after the delivery of stock in good condition
to the forwarder.

4, All orders from unknown correspondents must
be accompanied with the cash or satisfactory refer-
ences.

5. If the varieties of fruit ordered cannot be sup-
plied, others equally as good, and ripening about the
same season, will be substituted, unless ordered to the
zontrary.

6. We recommend that purchasers leave the selec-
tion of varieties with us, as far as possible merely
stating the proportion of summer, fall and winter fruit
wanted, as our experience enables us to select such
sorts as are adapted to the locality. We will cheerfully
give our personal attention to all such orders, and our
customers can depend on getting, not only the best
varieties, but those that are best adapted to the loca-
tion.

7. Immediate notice should be given to us of any
error in filling out an order, so that we may at once
rectify the mistake, or give a satisfactory explanation.

ee, > trOGUCtiOnN.’. ... -

E TAKE PLEASURE IN PRESENTING a New Edition of our Descrip-
tive Catalogue, carefully revised and corrected by the addition of
descriptions of our new and promising sorts, and the omission of such as
greater experience and progress in horticulture and floriculture have
proved no longer worthy of general dissemination.

The continued patronage of our friends, as shown by their frequent
and increasing orders, assures us that our efforts to please them are appreciated.
This will stimulate us to still greater efforts, and will warrant us in making expendi-
tures necessary to secure the best results.

Nothing better illustrates the progress of our country, the advance in civilization
its people are making and the fact that they are learning to live better, than the

greatly increased and continuing demand for nursery stock, both fruit and orna-
mental.

While this demand is stimulated in part by the knowledge of the great profits
which result from the systematic planting and careful cultivation of many kinds of
fruit, it is by no means Jimited to this incentive. In every rank and station of life,
including the humblest and the most opulent, those residing in town and country peo-
ple are beginning to see that nothing can add so much to the comforts of living as a
constant supply of the best varieties of the different fruits for home use, and nothing
will do so much to adorn their homes, gratify a sense of the beautiful, and produce
refinement in their families as the planting of such well-selected varieties of orna-
mental trees, shrubs, roses, clematis, etc., as the ground about their houses will permit.

Some persuade themselves that the demand for fruit and fruit trees has already
reached its limit, but canning and the improved methods of factory drying (still in
their infancy) have increased the domestic consumption of the different fruits, by
rendering them nearly as good as fresh throughout the year, and that by means of
these processes and improved facilities for shipping fresh fruits, the fruits of the
United States can be exported to the remotest quarters of the globe. Millions upon
land and sea are now supplied who have hitherto been deprived of such luxuries and
no one can doubt that the setting of trees and plants for the production of large and

small fruits at a much better profit than can be derived from ordinary farm crops,
is also in its infancy.

We would not tempt the uninitiated with the promise of a large fortune in a
few years without labor or trouble, but we do say, that the business of fruit growing,

conducted with energy, perseverance and intelligence, will bring an ample and sure
reward.

Good ecultivation—by which we mean keeping the ground sufficiently fertile and
at all times mellow and free from weeds, together with thorough drainage, either
natural or artificial—is absolutely necessary to success. This with judicious pruning

and proper selection of varieties suitable for the locality will, in nearly all portions
of the United States, produce gratifying results.

We devote our personal attention to every branch of our business: We aim to
include ic our assortment the best varieties in each class, for market and family use,

and persons ordering from us may rely upon our giving careful attention to their
interests.

4 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Hints on Transplanting, Etc.

Preparation of the Soil—Prepare a rich,
deep bed of mellow soil, and have the land
sufficiently drained to relieve the roots from
standing water. To insure a fine growth,
land should be in as good condition as is
required for a crop of wheat, corn or pota-
toes.

Preparation of Trees or Other Stock—We
use great care in digging and packing, but
the loss of some small roots and fibers is
unavoidable. If stock is properly prepared
before it is planted, no permanent injury
will result from this, but the preservation of
the natural balance between top and roots
renders a vigorous cutting back of the for-
mer absolutely necessary in most cases. And
therefore, prune off broken ends of roots,
if any (a smooth cut root granulates or
makes ready to extend soover than one
broken off), cut back the tops to the extent
of about one-half the previous season’s
growth, taking care at all times to prune
in such a manner as will tend to develop a
well-formed head, sufficiently open to admit
air and light freely. Evergreen and other
ornamental trees, the beauty of which de-
pends on preserving their natural form,
should be pruned very little. Hence, great
pains should be taken in planting and caring
for these. If not ready to plant when the
stock arrives, ‘‘heel it in’’ by placing the
roots in a trench and covering them with
mellow earth, well packed. ;

Planting—Make the holes large enough to
admit the roots without any cramping or
bending, and deep enough to bring the tree
to its natural depth. The fine surface soil
should be used in covering the roots, and
this should be carefully worked among them.
If the ground is dry it is well to pour in
some water when the hole is partially filled.
See that the ground is firmly and solidly
packed over all parts of the roots by exert-
ing the full weight of the planter upon it, so
that there will be no opportunity for dry
air or frost to enter and destroy roots de-
prived of the full benefit of their natural
protection. Omission to pack the earth sol-
idly is a most frequent cause of failure in
planting nursery stock. Fill the holes full
enough to be even with the surrounding
surface after the fresh earth settles. Al-
as ways remove the label when planting. If
this is left until the tree is grown, the connecting wire often cuts into and destroys
the tree or branch to which it may be attached. Never use wire in contact with
roots. When planting dwarf trees set them low enough to cover the stock upon which
they are budded, but not lower. Large standard trees should be staked and tied
so that the wind will not loosen the roots. This should be so done that the bands
will not chafe the trees. It is a very good way to drive two stakes and confine the
tree between straw or hay bands stretched from stake to stake.

Mulching—When trees or bushes are planted, they should be mulched or covered
with a layer of coarse manure or litter from three to six inches deep for a space of
say, two feet more in diameter than the extent of the roots. This keeps the earth
moist and even temperature.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 5

After-Culture—Grass should not be allowed to grow about young trees or plants.
The ground should be cultivated for a space of at least a foot outside the roots. If
the ground is poor it should be enriched with surface applications of manure. Pruning
should be varied according to the condition of the tree and the purpose of the planter.
It should be done regularly every spring before the buds swell any. In this way the
removal of large branches will be avoided.

Fall Planting —When planted in the fall, all trees should be banked up at least
one foot high until spring. This overcomes the tendency of the trees to heave out,
protects them from mice and prevents the roots from freezing before they have taken
hold of the soil. In planting roses, shrubs, vines, and other delicate stock in the fall,
the tops should be nearly or quite buried with mellow earth during the first winter.
The surplus earth should be removed in the spring.

Injured Trees—If trees are received in a frozen state, place the package unop-
ened in a cellar, away from frost and heat, until thawed out and then unpack. If
partially dried from long exposure, bury entirely in the ground or place in water
from 12 to 24 hours,

WINTERINC NURSERY STOCK PRODUCED IN THE FALL

In sections where the winters are very severe, it is not advisable to set out young
trees and plants in the fall, but the practice cf procuring them in the fall and plant-
ing them in the spring is becoming more and more popular as experience has demon-
strated its advantages. In the fall nurserymen are not hurried with their own plant-
ing; the season for shipping is comparatively long, and the weather not nearly so
changeable as in the spring. Railways are not so much hurried and there is much
less chance for injurious delays than in the spring. It being practicable to plant
trees so procured as soon as the frost is out, they become thoroughly established the
first season.

There is a popular impression that trees dug in the fall and heeled in over winter
are worthless. If the heeling is well done there could not be a greater mistake.
Peach and some other young trees, if left standing during the first winter are fre-
quently killed or injured by frost, while if dug in the fall and treated as below
described, they come through bright and uninjured.

To insure success, select a dry spot where no water will stand during the winter,
having no grass near to invite mice. Dig a trench deep enough to admit one layer of
roots, and sloping enough to admit the trees to lay at an angle of not more than 30
degrees with the ground. Having placed one layer of roots in this trench; cover them
with mellow earth extending well upon the bodies and see that this is firmly packed.
Then add another layer of trees overlapping the first, and continuing as at first until
all are heeled in. As soon as this is done, cover the tops so well with evergreen
boughs that they will be thoroughly protected from winds. Roses and other small
stock may be wholly covered with earth.

DISTANCES FOR PLANTING

Standard,» Apples mer mitered sis hey clea dee wd eae tuaiere es eos 40 feet apart each way
Standard Pears and Strong Growing Cherries .......... AU eek eg eee
Duke. andsiMorelipn @bherrics ens eis) e Sos ae see ome ss Ieee ita’ re OO See oh
Standard Plums, Peaches, Apricots and Nectarines....16 to 18 ‘‘ fies Sei
DwartRearg prim snontee teas Se seg oa. ee a cine es Gs boa Oe Lae, Se Oe ani ngeioay Face
Dwarf Applegan prereset macy a 2x!) a as Wessiaine ss 28 TO? OL an PN eee cee
Quinees, . cape mere te ote lioes 5 kc a de ue cess LOWE tee sey OC AS
Gila DOS, 51 acetate ian eed ee eet ec rows of 10 to 16 feet apart; 7 to 16 feet in rows.
CIE TLS) eae mea Se MTSE eon on Se cas ones Gia are Bae e ewan cick eels 4 feet apart.
Raspberries wae: Pla @im@uee tes ai slskty nj aisisic: aration soe oa Say ee eo 3 to 4 by 5 to 7 feet.
Straw berries: Tome NCUMeMUAINe Gyre oa ca Palade Cece costco ee 1 by 3 to 3% feet.
Strawberries) ton -cardenscmiturews, << hice. ccks cscs ccrcaceceeses ve 1 to 2 feet apart.
NUMBER OF TREES ON AN ACRE
30. feet apart each way............ ieee Oereetsanare each Way .s.. 2. «sms 435
250%! Stay, ree per Sark Sich coe caetrche cco i 70 Soe ee bavi d tam She con aia Se 680
AVM salen 302 CIE GELS ET SOR Nahe PTUs Maha NC i PF Sn 1210
DS eae Se Gs tei: 2a ag a 135 SERS ES Ee OR Re Goel eee 1745
Tipe Siar eet oe en aig ks 205 Ae ise MEF ps ta ia Fes ae tes eee 2725
1 RE aE eer, ea 300 SiC ee et Le ot tee Sw Stile Aas 4840

Rule—Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants
are apart in the rows, and the product will be the number of square feet, for each
plant or hill, which, divided into the number of square feet in an acre (43,560), will
give the number of plants or trees to the acre.

6 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Fruit Department

APPLES

The first fruit of importance is the Apple. Its period of ripening, unlike that of
other fruits, extends nearly or quite through the year. By making judicious selections
of summer, autumn and winter sorts, a constant succession can be easily obtained of
this indispensable fruit for family use.

There is no farm crop which, on the average, will produce one-fourth as much
income per acre as will a good apple orchard. The average prices paid for the fruit
is steadily on the increase, and the immense demand for home consumption, foreign
shipping, canning and evaporating, assures us that they will continue to increase.

If apples are planted at the rate of fifty trees per acre, rows of peach trees can be
planted between the apples which, growing more quickly than the apple trees, soon
protect them from the winds, and thus prove a great benefit to them. After eight or
ten years of productiveness, as the space is needed for the apples, the peach trees may
be removed, leaving the orchard better for the protection, and at the same time having
yielded the planter a large return for his outlay and labor.

SUMMER

Astrachan, Red—Large roundish; nearly
covered with deep crimson, overspread
with a thick bloom; juicy, rich, acid,
beautiful. The tree is a vigorous
grower, with large foliage and a good
bearer. August.

Benoni—<An -excellent early apple. Tree
vigorous and upright, hardy and _ pro-
ductive. A valuable variety for home
or market. Flesh yellow, tender, pleas-
ant, sub-acid; core small. August.

Caroline Red June—(Red June)—Medium
size, red; flesh white, tender, Juicy,
sub-acid; an abundant bearer. June.

Early Harvest—Medium to large; pale
yellow; fine flavor. Tree a moderate,
erect grower, and a good bearer; a
beautiful and excellent variety for both
orchard and garden. Middle to end of
August.

Early Strawberry—Medium, striped with
deep red; tender, sub-acid and excel-
lent; a poor grower but productive.
August.

Golden Sweet—Rather large; pale yel-
low; very sweet and good. Strong
grower and good bearer. August.

Keswick Codlin—Large, conical; tender,
juicy, acid; excellent for cooking. Tree

erect, vigorous, productive and early in
bearing. July to October.

Primate—Above medium; straw color,
tinged with blush; tender, fine-grained,
juicy and sub-acid; a vigorous grower
and abundant bearer. Ripens August
and September.

Summer Queen—Medium to large, round-
ish; surface yellow, blotched and
streaked with red, flesh yellow and
tender, with an acid, aromatic flavor.
July and August.

Sops of Wine—Medium size, oblong, red;
flesh white, often stained; mild and
pleasant; productive. August and Sep-
tember.

Tetofsky—A Russian apple which has
proved profitable for market growing.
Hardy as a Crab. Fruit good size nearly
round; yellow, beautifully striped with
red; flesh white, juicy, pleasant, acid,
aromatic. July and August.

Yellow Transparent—A Russian variety.
Tree an upright grower and a very early
and abundant bearer. Fruit of good
size; skin clear white, turning to a
pale yellow; flavor acid and very good.
Ripens from ten days to two weeks
earlier than Early Harvest.

BRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 7

AUTUMN

Alexander—(Emperor)—Of Russian or-
igin. Large, deep red or crimson; flesh
yellowish-white, crisp, tender, with
pleasant flavor. Very hardy. October.

Autumn Strawberry—Medium, streaked;
tender, juicy, sub-acid, fine; vigorous
and productive. September and Octo-
ber.

Duchess of Oldenburg—Of Russian origin.
Large size, roundish, streaked with
red and yellow; flesh whitish, juicy;
flavor sprightly sub-acid; tree a vigor-
ous grower, very hardy; very early
and abundant bearer. While it is in-
dispensable in the North, it is almost
equally so in the South. September.

Fall Jennetting—Large, oblate; pale
greenish-white with a blush; tender,
juicy, mild and sub-acid. Tree vigor-
ous, spreading and productive. Novem-
ber.

Fall Pippin—Very large; yellow, tender,
juicy and rich. Tree vigorous. Octo-
ber to December.

Fameuse—(Snow Apple)—Medium size,
roundish, oblate; whitish ground,
striped with deep red; flesh very white
juicy and pleasant. Tree very hardy;
one of the most valuable Northern
sorts. November and December.

Haas—(Gros Pomier. Fall Queen)—Me-
dium to large, slightly conical and
somewhat ribbed; pale greenish-yellow,
shaded and striped with red; flesh fine,
white, sometimes stained; tender, juicy,
sub-acid, good. Tree vigorous and very
hardy; upright grower with well-
formed head; bears early and abun-
dantly. September to November.

Jersey Sweet—Medium; striped red and
green; very sweet, rich and pleasant.
Good grower and bearer. September
and October.

Lowell—(Orange, Tallow or Greasy Pip-
pin)—Large, oblong; skin oily, pale
yellow; brisk, juicy, rather acid flavor.
Good for table and cooking. Septem-
ber and October.

Maiden’s Blush—Medium size, flat, quite
smooth and fair; pale yellow, with
beautiful red cheek; tender, sprightly,
pleasant, acid flavor. Fair grower and
good bearer. September and October.

Porter—Rather large; yellow, tender, rich
and fine. Moderate grower, but pro-
ductive. September.

SWEET BOUGH

Gravenstein—Large, striped and _ beau-
tiful; tender, juicy and high flavor;
vigorous. and productive. September
and October.

Pumpkin Sweet—(Pumpkin Russet)—A
very large, round, yellowish russet
apple, very sweet and rich. Tree a
vigorous, rapid, upright grower; val-
uable. October and November.

8 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Rambo—Medium; yellowish, streaked
with dull red and somewhat dotted;
mild, tender and good. Fine grower,
productive; more especially valuable in
the West. October to December.

Red Beitigheimer—A rare German vari-
ety. Fruit large to very large; skin
pale-green color, mostly covered with
purplish-crimson; flesh white, firm, sub-
acid, with a brisk, pleasant flavor.
Tree a fine grower, abundant bearer.
September and October.

Sherwood’s Favorite, or Chenango Straw-
berry—Medium size; oblong and indis-
tinctly ribbed; of a light color, splashed
with dark crimson; flesh white, juicy,
very mild and tender, slightly sub-acid.
Very much esteemed for the table, and
popular wherever grown. September.

Smoke House—Large, yellow, shaded with
bright red; flesh firm, crisp, juicy and
fine-flavored. Especially esteemed in

slightly stained, crisp, juicy and vinous.
Tree hardy and productive. Septem-
ber. :

Stump—aA well tried apple. Of good size,
roundish, conical; flesh firm, crisp,
juicy, tender, sprightly sub-acid; green-
ish-yellow, stained with red; beautiful-
ly fair, and has commanded the highest
prices wherever shown. October to
December. .

Sweet Bough—Large, pale greenish-yel-
low; tender and sweet. Moderate
grower and good bearer. August.

Twenty Ounce—Very large, nearly round;
yellow, striped with red; quality good;
vigorous and good bearer; popular as
a market variety. November and De-
cember.

Walter Pease—Fruit very showy and
attractive, and as a dessert or fancy
market apple has no superior. Core
very small, flesh white, fine-grained;
quality best; mild, juicy, slightly sub-

Pennsylvania. October and November. acid, with a rich, sweet, aromatic
St. Lawrence—Large, yellowish, striped flavor. Tree vigorous and very pro-
and splashed with carmine; flesh white, ductive. New. September.
WINTER

America—Originated not far from the
Potomac, and brought to notice at the
close of the Civil War. One of the
best and most popular apples brought
to the Washington markets. Tree a
vigorous grower and an annual bearer
of uniform and perfect fruit. Season,
February and March.

Arkansas Beauty—Large to very large;
deep red, tender, yet firm; one of the
handsomest apples grown; quality good.
Tree hardy, vigorous and very produc-
tive. December to May.

Arkansas Black—Fruit large, round, ob-
long covered all over with very dark
red. Much darker than Wine Sap; flesh
orange yellow. A splendid keeper.

Bailey Sweet—Large; deep red, tender,
rich, sweet; vigorous, upright, good
bearer. November to April.

Bismarck—Introduced from New Zea-
land. Very large, remarkably hand-
some and showy; flesh yellow, tender,
juicy; quality good; extremely hardy
and prolific; bears early. Season No-
vember to February. New.

Baldwin—Large, roundish, deep bright
red; crisp; sub-acid, good flavor. Tree
vigorous, upright and very productive
of fair handsome fruit; one of the best
and most popular winter apples. Jan-
uary to April.

Baxter—Originated in Canada, on the
banks of the St. Lawrence. Above
medium size; dark red, spotted; mild,
sub-acid, quality good.

Belle de Boskoop—Pronounced one of the
most beautiful and profitable of the
Russian varieties. Large, bright yel-

low, light red on sunny side, flesh
crisp, firm, juicy, sprightly sub-acid;
quality very good. A late keeper.

Bellefleur, Yellow—Large, yellow, with
blush cheek; very tender, juicy, sub-
acid. In use all winter. Very valuable.
A moderate grower and good bearer.

Ben Davis—(New York Pippin, Ken-
tucky: Streak, etc.)—A large, handsome,
striped apple of good quality. Tree
very hardy, vigorous and productive.
A late keeper. Highly esteemed in the
West and Southwest.

Bethel—Large, deep red; flesh crisp and
tender. A native of Vermont, where it
is highly prized for its quality and the
extreme hardiness of the tree; a mod-
erate grower. December to February.

Boiken—A new variety from Transyl-
vania, Europe. Very hardy and a
young and continuous bearer. Flesh
snow white, fine-grained. An excellent
dessert fruit from January to June.

Bottle Greening—Resembles Rhode Is-
land Greening, but tree a better grower
and much hardier. A native of Ver-
mont. December to March.

Cooper’s Market—Medium, conical, yel-
low striped with crimson; flesh white,
tender, brisk sub-acid. Vigorous, up-
right grower. December to May.

Cranberry Pippin—A first rate apple.
Tree healthy and a good annual bearer.
Fruit large; flesh juicy, sub-acid, and
of good flavor.

Delaware Red—Medium to large; bright
red, highly colored; flesh fine grained,
crisp, juicy, sub-acid, excellent; re-
markable* for its long-keeping quali-
ties. An early and abundant bearer.
November to February.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 9

NORTHERN SPY

Dominie—A large, flattened, greenish-
yellow apple, with red stripes; flesh
white, tender, juicy. Good grower,
very productive; finest in the West.
November to April.

Fallawater—(Fornwalder, Tulnehocken)
—Very large, globular, yellowish-green,
dull-red cheek; juicy, crisp, pleasant,
sub-acid flavor. Tree a strong grower,
very productive even while young.

- November to March.

Franklin Sweet—Originated in Franklin
Co., Me., and is considered very desir-
able. Perfectly hardy and good quality;
fair size; flesh white and very juicy;
color similar to Bellefleur. Has been
kept until March. A very valuable
winter sweet apple.

Gano—Originated in Missouri. Form
conical, good size and smooth; deep
red, shaded on sunny side to mahogany;
very attractive; flesh pale yellow, fine
grained, tender, pleasant, mild, sub-
acid; is a good shipper and keeper.
Tree healthy, vigorous and hardy. An
annual and prolific bearer. February
to May.

Gideon— Raised in Minnesota, from Crab

seed, by Mr. Gideon. An upright
grower; medium to large; color yellow,
with vermilion blush on sunny side;

mild acid; quality ELE good. Decem-
ber to March.

Grimes’ Golden—(Grimes’ Golden Pip-
pin)—An apple of the highest quality;
medium to large size, yellow. ‘Tree

_ hardy, vigorous, productive. January
to April.

Hubbardston Nonsuch—Large; _ striped
yellow and red; tender, juicy and fine;
strong grower ‘and good bearer. No-
vember to May.

Huntsman’s Favorite—A _ reliable va-
riety for South and West. Tree a good
grower and hardy; bears young and
regularly. A good sort for general use.

Hurlburt—Medium size, conical; yellow,
shaded with red striped and splashed
with darker red; flesh white, crisp and
tender; juicy, mild, sub-acid, quality
excellent; begins to bear while young
and continues with regularity and con-
stant crops; very hardy and suited to
the extreme North. In season during
midsummer,

Iowa Blush—A large, handsome apple.
Good keeper. Tree vigorous and
hardy. JFlesh rich, sub-acid, excellent
flavor. November to February.

Jonathan—Fruit medium roundish; skin
yellow nearly covered with dark or
lively red; fine grained, very tender

fe) ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Tree slender and
shoots.

and finely flavored.
spreading, with light-colored
November to April.

King—(Tompkins County)—Large and
handsome; striped red and yellow. Tree
vigorous and productive. One of the
best. November to May.

Lady Apple—A beautiful little dessert
fruit; flat, pale yellow with a deep red

cheek; juicy, rich and pleasant. No-
vember to May.
Longfield—A Russian variety imported

some years since. Tree a free, upright
grower, early and abundant bearer;
medium to large; yellow, with a blush
on the sunny side like the Maiden’s
blush; rich, sprightly sub-acid; quality
as good as the I‘'ameuse and somewhat
like it. December to March.

Magog Red Streak—Origin Vermont.
Bears annually large crops; valuable
for its extreme hardiness, vigor, pro-
ductiveness and long-keeping; fruit
medium, roundish, skin yellow, shaded
with light red; flesh yellowish, a little
coarse; moderately juicy, mild sub-acid.
December to March.

Mammoth Black Twig—One of the most
profitable of all apples. Resembles the
Wine Sap, but is a better grower. An
excellent keeper.

Mann—Fruit medium to large, roundish
oblate, nearly regular; skin deep yellow
when fully ripe; flesh yellowish, half
fine, half tender, juicy, mild, pleasant,
sub-acid. The tree grows straight and
symmetrical and makes a large tree in
the orchard. It is an early and annual
bearer.

McIntosh Red—An exceedingly valuable,
hardy, Canada sort; medium size, near-
ly covered with dark red; flesh white,
fine, very tender, juicy and refreshing.
A good annual bearer of fair, hand-
some fruit. Resembles the Fameuse,
but larger and more hardy, and fully.
equal in quality to this standard sort.
November to February.

Milding—Fruit large; skin smooth, whit-
ish-yellow, splashed with rich red;
flesh tender, juicy, sub-acid; tree a
strong, fine grower and very produce.
tive. December to February.

Mo. Pippin—Large; rich red, with darker
red stripes; very handsome and of fair
quality.

Monmouth Pippin—(Red Cheek Pippin)
—Large, greenish-yellow, with a fine
red cheek; juicy ,tender and _ good.
Tree erect, good and productive. Keeps
well till March or April.

Newtown Pippin—One of the very best
apples as to quality. Tree a light
grower while young. Very juicy, crisp
and highly delicious flavor; fine keeper,
Does not succeed in all sections. De-
cember to May.

Nodhead—(Jewett’s Fine Red)—Medium
size; greenish, white striped and
splashed with crimson having a dull,
grayish bloom; flesh tender, juicy,
almost sweet. Popular in Northern
New England on account of its great
hardiness. A good grower and bearer.

Northwestern Greening—This apple is the
best keeper we have—keeping in good
condition generally till May. The apple
is very large and of beautiful form,
and being of fair quality is bound to
become very popular. The tree, when
young, is a fine upright grower; spread-
ing top when bearing.

Northern Spy—Large; roundish, slightly
conical, somewhat ribbed, striped, with
the sunny side nearly covered with
purplish-red; flesh white and tender
with a mild, sub-acid, rich and delicious
flavor; in perfection in January and
keeps till June. The tree is a strong,
upright grower, and forms a very com-
pact head. Should be kept open by
pruning so as to admit the air and
light freely.

North Star—Large; very handsome; per-
fectly hardy; vigorous, quality fine; a
seedling of Duchess, which it resem-
bles, but less tart and better quality.

Okabena—Originated near Lake Oka-
bena, Minn. It is a hardy, vigorous
grower; early and productive bearer.
Fruit medium size, striped with red
similar to Duchess; quality good with
mild sub-acid flavor; season medium.
Good dessert and cooking apple. This
is an excellent variety to follow Duch-
ess.

Cpalescent—New. All who have exam-
ined the Opalescent regard it as the
handsomest apple grown. It is not
only highly colored but susceptible of
a very high polish, reflecting objects
near it like a mirror. This feature
nakes it a highly prized sort for fruit
stands. The flesh is yellowish, tender,
juiey and good, size large to very
large and color light shading to very
dark crimson. Season December to
March.

Ontario—A cross between Wagener and
Northern Spy. Fruit large to very
large; flavor a brisk sub-acid, sprightly,
slightly aromatic; season mid winter
to late winter. One of the best apples
both for commercial purposes and for
home use.

Paragon—Large to very large; deep red;
tender yet firm; one of the handsomest
apples grown; quality extra good. Tree
hardy, vigorous, very productive. Sea-
son December to May.

Patten’s Greening—Seedling of the
Oldenburg and equals it as an orchard
tree in hardiness and bearing: Large
equally for eating and cooking. Sea-
son October to January or later.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. II

Peck’s Pleasant—Large; pale yellow,
very tender and rich, with a Newtown
flavor. Tree erect and fine bearer.
November to March.

Peerless—Tree a very fine, straight, up-
right grower. Originated from seed of
Duchess planted by J. G. Miller, near
Faribault, Minn, It is quite hardy
and productive; fruit medium size, of
a pleasant, sub-acid flavor; color, red
on a yellowish-green ground. Stem
short and hangs on the tree well; per-
fectly hardy here.

Pewaukee—A seedling from Duchess.
Fruit medium to large, striped and
splashed; flesh yellowish-white; flavor
sub-acid, rich, aromatic, spicy; quality
good. Tree strong grower and very
hardy. January to June.

Plumb’s Cider—A native of Wisconsin,
where its hardiness has been abun-
dantly proved. Tree vigorous, round-
headed and productive. Flesh whitish,
fine, tender, juicy, mild, sub-acid. Sep-
tember to January.

Rawle’s Janet—(Never Fail)—Medium,
roundish, ovate, greenish-yellow,
streaked with red; crisp, rich and juicy.
One of the best and longest keepers in
the South and Southwest.

Red Canada—(Old Nonsuch of Mass.,
Steele’s Red Winter)—Mediun, oblate,
red, tender, crisp, rich, sub-acid, re-
freshing and delicious. Tree thrifty,
but a tender grower. Productive.
January to May.

Red Russett—Said to be a cross between
the Baldwin and Rox Russet. Good
grower, regular bearer, and resembles
the Baldwin. Flesh crisp, juicy, pleas-
ant sub-acid. Keeps till April and
May. Good eating in February. Fruit
always large, uniform and handsome.

Rhode Island Greening—Large; greenish-
yellow; tender, juicy and rich, with
rather an acid flavor, growing strong
and spreading and an abundant bearer.
December to April.

Rolfe—Originated in Maine, about the
45th degree. Fruit large, of magnifi-
cent appearance; color dark red; an
abundant and annual bearer, and where
known the fruit outsells all others of
its season. Quality prime, both for
eating and cooking. One of the very
best. November to January.

Rome Beauty—Large, yellow, shaded
with bright red; flesh yellowish, tender,
juicy, sub-acid; moderate grower. No-
vember to February.

Rubicon—A comparatively new apple
most beautiful and showy; a poor
grower and regular bearer; medium
size; yellow, shaded with bright red;
juicy and firm, with bresk, sub-acid
flavor. December to June.

Russet, Golden—Medium size, dull russet
with a tinge of red on exposed side;
flesh generally crisp, juicy and high

flavored. Tree vigorous grower and a
great bearer; very popular. November
to April.

Russet, Roxbury or Boston—Medium to
large; greenish or yellow russet; crisp,
good, sub-acid flavor. Tree vigorous
and productive; very popular on ac-
count of its long keeping. June.

Salome—New, hardy, productive; keeps
the year around; ripens into fine con-
dition in winter and remains fresh,
plump and juicy till summer. Has
stood the test and proved itself with-
out arival. January to May.

Seek-no-Further—( Westfield) — Medium
to large, slightly russeted with dull red
stripes; tender, rich, spicy and fine;
good grower and bearer. November to

February.
Smith’s Cider—Medium, striped; flesh
tender, juicy, sub-acid; very popular

in Pennsylvania and Western States.
December to March.

Spitzenburg, Esopus—Medium to large,
deep red; flesh yellow, crisp, sub-acid,
high flavored. Tree a light-grower in
the nursery, but bears and grows well
transplanted in rich soil. November
to April.

Stark—Esteemed as a long keeper and
valuable market fruit. Fruit large,
roundish; skin greenish yellow, much
shaded with light and dark red, and
sparkled with brown spots; flesh yel-
lowish, juicy, mild sub-acid. January
to May.

Sutton Beauty—Fruit large, waxy yellow
striped with crimson; flesh white, ten-
der, juicy, mild acid; quality good and
a remarkable keeper. Tree vigorous, a
handsome grower, very productive.
One of the most valuable market sorts
in Western New York.

Talman’s Sweeting—Medium, pale yel-
low, slightly tinged with red; firm, rich
and very sweet; the most valuable bak-
ing apple; vigorous and _ productive.
November to April.

Wagener—Medium to large; deep red in
the sun; flesh firm sub-acid and excel-
lent; very productive, bears very
young. December to May.

Walbridge—Medium size, striped with
red; handsome, and of excellent qual-
ity; vigorous grower and productive;
very hardy and considered of great
value in the North and Northwest.
March to June.

Wealthy—A native of Minnesota, where
it has proved perfectly hardy, vigorous
and productive; fruit of medium size,
uniform size, pleasant, acid, good
red, streaked with white; quality good.
December to February.

Willow Twig—Tree hardy and produc-
tive; fruit tender, with a pleasant sub-
acid flavor. Valuable for late keeping.

12 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Wine Sap—Medium, dark red, sub-acid,
excellent. Tree a moderate grower and
abundant bearer. A favorite market
variety in the West. December to May.

Winter Banana—lIt has stood the severest
tests. Tree is hardy and will succeed
in very cold climates; its wonderful
productiveness will bring quicker and
larger returns than any other apple in
the orchard. The fruit has a richness
of flavor that cannot be described. It
surpasses in aromatic taste the choicest
pear, plum, apricot, peach, cherry or
any other fruit grown. Flavor very
rich, spicy and aromatic. Flesh golden
yellow, fine grained, firm and juicy.
Tree a very strong grower and will
grow to be a tree of immense size,
very suitable for lawn or shade, the
leaf being nearly double the size of
other apple sorts.

Wismer’s Dessert—Size medium to large.
Smooth, beautifully colored with yel-
low, shaded with bright red, in stripes
and blotches, marked with russet dots.
Exquisite delicious flavor, juicy, melt-
ing, buttery, pear-like texture. Tree a
strong grower and extremely hardy.

Wolf River—Tree very hardy and pro-
ductive; fruit large and handsome, red
color, flesh white and of exceedingly
fine quality; sub-acid.

Yellow Bellfiower—Tree a strong grower
and abundant bearer; fruit medium to
large; flesh white, fine grained, tender,

juicy, sub-acid. November to Feb-
ruary.
York Imperial—Of medium size, trun-

eated, oval, angular; skin greenish-yel-
low; flesh tender, crisp, aromatic.
Highly esteemed in Pennsylvania,
where it originated.

EXTRA HARDY, OR IRON-CLAD APPLES

The opinion has prevailed that the attempt to produce valuable apples in the
Northern sections of New York, New England and the adjoining portions of Canada,
Wisconsin, Minnesota and other sections unfavorable for general fruit growing, must
prove a failure. While this is true as to many varieties successfully grown in more
temperate or favorable regions, its general application is quite erroneous. Experience
in growing Russian or other varieties of Northern origin, has shown that a limited
variety of fine apples can be grown as far North as Montreal, and that some of these
varieties may be planted with equal profit in all sections, North and South.

Select varieties best adapted to your location and in case you are not familiar
with the varieties, we will be pleased to assist you at any time.

CRAB APPLES

Within the past few years much attention has been given to improving this class
of fruit, because of their adaptability to cold sections, where only a few varieties of
apples can be successfully grown. These efforts have been attended with marked suc-
cess. Crab apples succeed equally well in all sections, and are valuable for cider, pre-
serving, jelly, ornament and some of the improved sorts are excellent for eating.
Sent to the Hastern markets they command a very high price.

Excelsior—Raised from seed of Wealthy,
in Minnesota. Very hardy, productive
and one of the best flavored varieties.
September.

Florence—Originated in Minnesota. The
hardiest of all; an early and profuse
bearer; when in full fruit the most
ornamental tree grown; larger and far
superior to Transcendant. MRipens
about the same time.

General Grant—Tree an erect, vigorous
grower; fruit in dense clusters; quality
equal to Duchess of Oldenburg. Oc-
tober to December.

Hewe’s Virginia—Rather small;
acid; esteemed for cider.

Hyslop—Almost as large as Early Straw-
berry Apple; deep crimson; very popu-
lar on account of its large size, beauty
and hardiness. Keeps well into the
Winter.

Lady Elgin—Fruit beautiful, resembling
the Lady Apple. Flesh yellowish, mod-
erately juicy, mild sub-acid. Tree a
vigorous grower and very productive.
November. and December.

round,

MARTHA

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 13

Large Red Siberian—About an inch in
diameter, grown in clusters; yellow,
lively scarlet cheek. ‘Tree erect, vig-
‘orous, bears young and abundantly.
September and October.

Transcendent—Medium to large; round-
ish, oblong; golden yellow, with a rich
crimson cheek, covered with a delicate
white bloom; flesh yellow, crisp and
when fully ripe, pleasant and agree-

Large Yellow Siberian—Nearly as large able; perfectly: hardy; young and abun-

as above; fine amber c> golden-yellow

color, dant bearer. September and October.

Martha—Rriscu from the seed of Duch- : :
ess of Oldenburg. Resembles the V@2 Wyck—Large; skin mottled with
Transcendent, but larger. Handsome, bright red; sweet. Tree vigorous.
showy fruit; bears enormously; said

to be equal if not superior to all others
for sauce.

Montreal Beauty—Fruit large, bright yel-
low, nearly covered and shaded with
rich red; one of the most beautiful of
all Crabs in appearance. Flesh yellow-
ish, rich, firm and acid. Very good.
October and November.

Virginia—Unsurpassed by
Tree hardy.

any other.
Fruit highly flavored.

Whitney’s Seedling—Large, averaging
- one and one-half to two inches in diam-
eter; skin smooth, glossy, green striped,
splashed with carmine; flesh firm,
juicy and rich. A great bearer and
very hardy. Tree a vigorous handsome
grower. Has no superior.

Quaker Beauty—A hardy, strong-growing
sort; bears large crops of fine fruit.
Deceniite: to May.

PEARS

The cultivation of this noble fruit is rapidly extending as its value is appre-
eiated. The range of varieties is such that, like apples, they can be had in good eat-
ing condition from August until early spring.

The melting, juicy texture, the refined flavor and the delicate aroma of the Pear,
give it rank above all other fruits except the Grape. The Pear, like most things
highly desirable, and valuable, cannot be had without attention and labor. The rela-
tive prices of the Apple and Pear being about as one to five, purckasers of the latter
can well afford to give the trees the high cultivation necessary to secure the best
results.

‘Dwarf Pears must always be planted sufficiently deep to cover the junction of
the Pear and Quince two or three inches—the soil made rich and well tilled and about
one-half the previous summer’s growth cut off each spring. Under this treatment
Dwarfs are everywhere successful. The side branches should not be removed higher
than one foot from the ground in Dwarfs, while the Standards may be trimmed to the
height desired. ‘Train in pyramidal form. Ripen the fruit in the house. Gather
when, on gently lifting the fruit, the stems will readily separate from the limb. Place
in a dark room until fully matured. Winter Pears may hang on the trees until there
is danger from frost, then place in a dry cellar for maturing.

The letters ‘‘D or S’’ appended to the descriptions of varieties, indicates favoy-
able growth, either as ‘‘Dwarfs’’ or ‘‘Standards’’ and when placed together, that
they succeed as either. Those designed as ‘‘slow growers’’ are usually small trees.

SUMMER.
Bartlett—Large size, often with a beau- Clapp’s Favorite—A large, fine pear, re-

tiful blush next the sun; buttery, very
juicy and high flavored. Tree a strong
grower, bearing early and abundantly.
Very popular. Last of August and first
of September. S.

Beurre Giffard—An excellent variety;
medium; greenish-yellow, red in the
sun; very early. Tree slender but
healthy; very productive. August. D.
and S.

Brandywine—Above the medium; yellow-
ish-green, melting, sweet. Vigorous and
productive. Last of August. D. & S.

sembling the Bartlett, but without its
musky flavor; pale lemon-yellow, with
brown dots; fine texture, melting, but-
tery, juicy, with a rich, sweet, delicate
vinous flavor. Tree hardy and very
productive. Very desirable in all sec-
tions and especially so where other va-
BPs fail. August and September.
Sar dss B

Dearborn’s Seedling—Rather small; pale
yellow, melting and delicious. Tree
vigorous, rapid grower; bears young
and abundantly. August. D. & S.

14 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

——— eee

Doyenne d’Ete—Small; melting, sweet,
yellowish. Tree vigorous and produc-
tive... D; & 8.

Koonce—The handsomest, best and most
valuable very early pear.

Lawson—tTree healthy, a strong grower,
early bearer and profitable sort. Of
splendid quality for a very early pear.
It colors beautifully. Red cheek with
yellow shading.

Le Conte—Trce very vigorous and pro-
ductive, partaking of the nature of the
Chinese Sand Pear, of which it is a

seedling. Fruit large, skin smooth,
pale yellow. Quality fair. Ripens
about with Bartlett.

Madeleine—Medium;_ yellowish-green

very juicy, melting, sweet. A _ fair
grower and productive. August. D.
& S.

Manning’s Elizabeth—Small to medium;
bears in clusters; crimson and gold
color; very beautiful; melting, rich,
sugary, sprightly, perfumed; flavor
excellent. and

Tree a good grower

AUTUMN

Bartlett-Seckel—A cross
between the Bartlett
and the Seckel, combin-
ing in itself the rich-
ness and high flavor
peculiar to these well-
known varieties. Tree
hardy, vigorous and
productive. Fruit of
good size, well colored
and handsome.

CLAPP’S FAVORITE

very productive. One of the very best
early pears. August.

Osband’s Summer—Medium; yellow,
with red cheek; half melting, mild and
pleasant; fine flavor and excellent. A

fair grower and productive. August.
D. & 8.
Petite Marguerite—Medium size; skin

greenish-yellow, with brownish-red
cheek and covered with greenish dots.
Ilesh fine, melting, juicy, vinous and
of first quality. Upright grower and
an early and abundant bearer. Suc-

ceeds admirably as a Standard or
Dwarf. August or September.
Rossney—A new and excellent pear,

raised from seed at Salt Lake City,
Utah. In size medium to large; very
fine grain, flesh melting and juicy; very
sweet. Ripens two weeks after Bart-
lett.

Souvenir du Congress—Imported from
France, and of great promise. Fruit
large and exceedingly handsome; beau-
tiful yellow with bright red in the
sun; melting and juicy with a musky
flavor, rather tender. September. S.

Tyson—Rather large, bright yellow, with
brown cheek; melting, sweet and deli-
cious. September. D. & S.

Wilder—Handsome, melting, sweet, pleas-
ant and of the best quality for an early
pear. One of the best keeping pears.

AUTUMN
Columbia — See Bartlett-
Seckel

Belle Lucrative — (Fond-
ante d’Atonne)—A fine
large pear; vellowish-
green, slightly russeted;
melting and delicicus.
Good grower and _ pro-
ductive. September and
Oetober. D. & SB.

Beurre Bosc—Large; yel-
low russet; half melt-
ing, high flavored and
excellent. September
and October. S.

Beurre Clairgeau — Very
large, pyriform; yellow
and red; nearly melt-
ing, high-flavored. Tree
a very good grower, an

early and abundant
bearer. A magnificent
market fruit. One of

the finest acquisitions.
October and November.
D&S.

Beurre d’Anjou—A large,
fine pear, buttery and
melting, with sprightly,
vinous flavor. Tree a
fine grower and good
bearer. October to Jan-
uary. D. & S.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC 15

EL ————

Buffum—Medium size; yellow, somewhat
covered with reddish-brown and russet;
buttery, sweet and excellent. A stout
and upright grower. D. & S.

Duchess d’Angouleme--Very large; green-
ish-yellow, sometimes a little russeted.
Makes a beautiful tree. Does best on
quince. One of the best. October and
November. D.

DUCHESS D’ANGOULEME

Early Harvest—(Chambers’or Kentucky)
—Originated in Maryland, and valued
as a profitable early variety. The best
and most profitable market pear of its
season. I*ruit medium to large; rich
golden-yellow, with red cheek next the
sun, thickly covered with gray dots.
August. D. & S.

Eastern Belle—Originated near Bangor,
Me. Seedling of Belle Lucrative, which
it somewhat resembles; hardy enough
to endure the cold of all Northern sec-
tions. Flesh juicy, rich and melting,
with a musky flavor. September. S.

Flemish Beauty—Large, beautiful, juicy,
melting, rich and fine. Strong grower
and good bearer; hardy everywhere.
September and October. D. & S.

Howell—Large, light waxen yellow, with
a fine red cheek; handsome, rich, sweet,
melting, perfumed, aromatic flavor.
Tree an upright free grower, an early
and profuse bearer. Very hardy and
valuable. September and October. D.
& §.

Idaho—Size large, nearly globular, ob-
tusely ribbed; color light rich yellow,
surface covered with many small dots;
cavity very deep and narrow and
strongly furrowed; stem small and
calyx closed; flesh white, fine-grained,
buttery, melting and rich. September
and October.

Kieffer’s Hybrid—Tree a remarkable
grower, with so vigorous a constitution
that it rarely if ever blights. Fruit of
fine size, rich color and good quality.
Brings high prices in competition. with
other varieties. Best when picked at
maturity and house ripened. October
and November.

Louise Bonne de Jersey—Rather large;
greenish-yellow, with a bright-red
cheek; juicy, buttery and melting;
excellent. Very productive; a fine
grower on both pear and quince. Sep-
tember and October.

Onondaga—(Swan’s Orange)—A_ very
large, melting and highly flavored yel-
low pear. Vigorous and_ productive.
Oetober and November. D. & S.

President—Raised by Dr. Shurtleff, of

Massachusetts, where it is very popu-
lar. Fruit large, roundish, obvate;
somewhat irregular; flesh yellcowish-
white, rather coarse, juicy, slightly
vinous. Good. Early in November.

Rutter—Iruit medium to large, and
nearly globular; skin rough, greenish-
yellow, sprinkled with russet; flesh
white, moderately juicy, nearly melting,
sweet, slightly vinous. Tree a moderate
grower and good bearer. Very good.
October and November.

Seckel—Small; rich yellowish-brown; one
of the best and highest flavored pears
known. Productive. September and
October. D. & S.

Sheldon—Medium to large; yellow and
red; very excellent. From Wayne
County,"N. Y. Tree a fine grower and
productive; must be double worked to
erow on quince. October.

Vermont Beauty—A most desirable pear.
The fruit is of medium size, very hand-
some, being yellow with a bright car-
mine cheek; the flesh is rich, juicy,
aromatic, of the best, and almost equal
to the Seckel. Ripens immediately
after the Seckel.

Worden-Seckecl—Originated in Oswego
County, N. Y. It is a seedling of the
Seckel, and is equally as good in qual-
ity as that variety and more juicy, with
an aroma equally as rich and inviting,
while in size, color, form and appear-
ance it is decidedly superior. The color
is yellow with light red on the sunny
side. Tree hardy and an enormous
bearer, and the fruit is ripe just after
the Seckel. All lovers of good pears
should have trees of this variety.

16 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

LL LE

WINTER
Beurre Easter — Large; pale yellow, pear is distinguished for its very small
sprinkled with round dots, often dull amount of core and seed, some speci-
red cheek; quality good. One of the mens being almost entirely without

best winter pears.
Best on quince. D.
Duchess de Bordeaux—Large size, with
very thick tough skin, which renders it
very valuable keeper for winter use;

Keeps all winter.

flesh melting, juicy, rich; keeps till
March. S.
Glout Morceau—Large; sweet, melting,

One of the best
Vigorous and pro-

juicy and buttery.
early winter pears.
ductive. OD.
Josephine de Malines—Medium; yellow,
slightly russet; flesh buttery, juicy and
sweet; a fine keeper. Productive; a
poor grower. December to March. D.

Lawrence—About medium; yellow, thick-
ly dotted; with a very fine, rich flavor;
one of the best. Tree a moderate
grower and very productive. Decem-
ber to January. S.

Lincoln Coreless—A remarkable late win-
ter pear, from Tennessee. Keeps well
until middle of March. Very large,
handsome appearance, good quality,
and with but few if any seeds. This

either. Color golden yellow. Tree a
good grower and very productive.

Mount Vernon—Medium to large; of rich,
russet color; flesh juicy, rich, melting,
with a spicy flavor. November to Jan-
uary. D. & S.

President Drouard—A very good looking
and large winter pear, ripening from
March to May, with a delicate and
abundant perfume; melting and juicy.
The tree grows vigorously; succeeds
well as a Dwarf. D. & S.

Vicar of Winkfield—(Le Cure)—Large,
long, not first quality, but desirable for
its productiveness. Best on quince. —
November to January. D. & S§S.

Winter Bartlett—A new and valuable
sort; much like the Bartlett, but later.

Winter Nellis—Medium in size; yellow-
ish-green and russet; fine-grained, melt-
ing, rich and delicious; one of the best
winter pears. Tree straggly, slender
grower, but veo productive. Decem-
ber. 8.

CHERRIES

There are few more desirable trees than the Cherry. It may be planted near the
street, or used to tine avenues as an ornament, and it will at the same time produce

an abundanée of delicious fruit.

thrive in any well-drained location.

This may be eaten out of hand, preserved, or it will
find a ready market at highly profitable prices for shipping, canning, etc.

The trees

The Duke and Morello, or acid varieties, are

thoroughly hardy, while the Heart and Bigarreau, or sweet sorts, will successfully
resist very cold weather and may be grown in most places.

The Cherry may be grown for market with great profit.

Many varieties are

regular and abundant bearers, and fruit commands a good price in the market.

HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES

Bing—This grand new Black Cherry was /.Coe’s Transparent—Medium size;

originated by Seth Luelling, of Mail-
waukee, Oregon. One-half larger than
Luelling (Black Republican). Flesh
very solid, flavor of the highest qual-
ity. Tree thrifty, upright grower, very
hardy and productive. A fine shipping

_And market variety.

Black Eagle—Large, black; very tender,
juicy, rich and high flavored, Vigorous
grower and productive. First to fif-
teenth of July.

- Black Tartarian—Very large; bright pur-

plish-black; half tender, juicy, rich, ex-
cellent flavor. Tree a vigorous orower
and productive. Last of June or July,

Centennial—A new white cherry ama
should be planted by everyone.

pale
amber, red in the sun; tender and juicy,
rich, handsome; one of the best. Strong
erower; productive. Last of June.

/_Compass Cherry—A cross between the

Rocky Mountain Cherry and the Na-
tive Plum, and resembles both. The
most remarkable fruit of recent origi-
nation. Hardy as any wild plum.
Sweet, juicy and excellent flavor. Mar-
velously prolific bearer. Grows on any
soil. Fruits every year—never misses.
Bears second year after planting. Good
shipper and a fine cooker. The only
cherry that is perfectly hardy in Min-
nesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, the Dakotas
and Montana.

_/Downer’s Late Red—Large; light red;
tender, juicy and delicious. Vigorous
and productive. Middle of June.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC 17

ikeman—Large, black, sweet, solid and

meaty. Tree vigorous grower. Its late-
ness makes it the most desirable.

Lfarly Purple Guigne—(Early Purple)—
The earliest fine variety; medium,
heart-shaped; tender, juicy and sweet.
Tree rather a slender grower, but very
hardy and productive. First to middle

fof June.

next the Vigorous

red sun.

~Elton—Large and fine flavor; pale ee.

light
grower. Last of June.

L@overnor Wood—Very large, rich; light
yellow with red cheek; juicy and sweet.
One of the very best. Late in June.

,_-SBnight’s Early Black—Large; black, ten-
der, juicy, rich and excellent. Good
grower and productive. Middle to last
of June.

/ Gambert—Size very large, form roundish
heart-shaped, cavity medium, stem long,
slender, surface smooth, glossy, color
dark purplish-red, with numerous
minute indented russet dots, flesh dark
purplish-red, meaty and of firm texture,
stone oval, semi-cling, small for so
large a fruit, flavor sweet or very mild
sub-acid, aromatic, rich, quality very
good.

f/ Iuelling—(Black Republican)—A native

of Oregon. Fruit very large, shining

black; flesh very solid and firm, fine; a

good keeper and will bear transporta-

tion well. Tree a moderate grower and
rather tender; an early and profuse
bearer.

- ;

Napoleon Bigarreau—Very
yellow or red; firm, juicy and sweet.
Vigorous grower and very productive;

large;

pale

one of the best. First of July.

Rockport Bigarreau—Large; pale amber
with clear red; a very excellent and
handsome cherry. Good grower and
bearer. Last of June.

Sand—-Ripens in September; fruit good
for general use; originated in the Sandy
Desert, but grews well and is hardy in
West Virginia; grows three feet high
and spreads out right at the ground,
and no climbing to get the cherries.
Bears from two to four years old. Free
/ from knots or any other defects.

Schmidt’s Bigarreau—A most promising
cherry; fruit of immense size, of rich
deep black; flesh dark, tender, very
juicy, with a fine flavor; bears abun-
dantly and makes a most noble dish
for the table.

Windsor—Seedling, originated at Wind-
sor, Canada; fruit large, liver-colored;
flesh remarkably firm and of fine qual-
ity. Tree hardy and very prolific. A
valuable late variety for market and
for family use.

Yellow Spanish—Large; pale yellow, with
red cheek; firm, juicy and excellent;
one of the best light colored cherries;
vigorous and productive. Last of June.

DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES

These, for the most part, are round-headed; fruit generally acid, though some

varieties have a very rich, pleasant flavor.
growth than the preceding class and well adapted for Dwarfs or Pyramids.

The trees are naturally of a smaller
The

Morellos are more slender and spreading in habit than the Dukes, which are of stocky,
upright growth. Both are more hardy than the Hearts or Bigarreays, and in large
demand where the latter cannot be grown to advantage.

_-Baldwin—Tree upright vigorous grower,
forming round head; leaves large,
broad; fruit large, almost round, very
dark transparent wine color; flavor
slightly acid, yet the sweetest and rich-
est in the Morello type; unexcelled in
earliness, vigor, hardiness, quality and

ee
Belle Magnifique—Fruit large, roundish;
skin bright red; flesh tender, juicy,
sprightly sub-acid; one of the finest of
this class of cherries. Tree hardy, vig-
orous and very productive. Ripens last

of July.
vy Brusseler Braune—New; latest of all
cherries. Originated in Europe. Very

hardy, wonderfully productive;
brown-red; very large and handsome.
The most profitable market variety in
cultivation. A strong grower and bet-
ter bearer than Early Richmond; fruit
much larger.

Dyehouse—Partakes of both the Duke
and Morello in wood and fruit; a very
early and sure bearer; ripens a week
before Early Richmond, of better qual-
ity and quite as productive.
arly Richmond—Medium size; dark red;
melting, juicy, sprightly acid flavor.
This is one of the most valuable and
popular of the acid cherries, and is
unsurpassed for cooking purposes. Tree
a slender grower, with a roundish,
spreading head, and is exceedingly pro-
ductive. The most hardy of all vari-
eties, uninjured by the coldest winters
when almost every other variety has
been killed. Ripens through June.

dark.—-Empress Eugenie—Fruit large, dark red,

very rich, tender ard sub-acid. Tree
heads very low. Ripe about July Ist.
glish Morello—Medium to large; black-
ish-red, rich, acid, juicy and good.
Very productive. August.

So y
=
= 235 ——

= = YN
sS=S=
—
FJ) 2 =

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

WS | i"
aN!)
\ | il

| a N : |

BALDWIN

j 4
“ Ida—Originated in Pennsylvania, andd Montmorency Large—A large, red acid

there wel) tested and grown extensive-
ly; ripening with the May Duke, and
tree equally as hardy. The hardiest

sweet cherry known. Quality excellent./ o

~ Late Duke—Large; light red, late and

fine. Last of July.

Leib—A new Morello, one week later

than Early Richmond, and claimed to
be very superior.

{Louis Phillippe—Large size; flesh red,

May Duke—Large; red, juicy and rich;

' Montmorency Ordinaire

tender, juicy, with mild sub-acid flavor.
Very vigorous and productive. Of
great value. A native of France.

an old excellent variety. Vigorous and
productive. Middle of June.

—A beautiful large,
red acid cherry,
larger and finer than
Early Richmond and
fully ten days later.
Being extraordinary
prolific and hardy, it
can be recommended
as a variety of great
value.. Tree a free
grower.

MONTMORENCY LARGE

cherry; larger than Early Richmond
and fully ten days later.

livet—A new Duke, of French origin.
Unlike most others of this class, it is
said to be very early and to ripen over
a long period. Fruit very large, globu-
lar, and of a deep shining red; tender,
rich and vinous, with a sweet sub-
acidulous flavor.

rleans Cherry—One of the best sour
cherries for cooking and shipping pur-
poses. Ripens with Large Montmo-
rency. Keeps well, and is loaded with
fruit every year. Free from black
knots and bears very young.

stheim—A hardy cherry from Russia.
It has been tested in the severest win-
ters of Minnesota and has been found
perfectly hardy. Fruit large, roundish,
ovate; skin red; dark at maturity;
stalk long; flesh liver-colored, tender,
juicy, almost sweet.

Reine Hortense—Very fine; large, bright-

red, juicy and delicious. Vigorous and

productive.

Wwragg—Fruit large, bright-red, translu-

cent; stalk long; flesh firm, rich, sweet,
excellent.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 19

IMPROVED ROCKY MOUNTAIN DWARF CHERRY

From Colorado where it has been under cultivation for some time and received the
highest endorsement from the leading horticulturists and fruit growers of that state.
As hardy as a Wyoming sage bush, it has withstood a temperature of 40 degrees below
zero unharmed in either fruit, bud or branch. Exceedingly productive—sixteen
quarts having been picked from a three-year old bush. The fruit is jet black when
ripe, and in size averages somewhat larger than the English Morello, its season of
ripening being after all others are gone. In flavor it is akin to the sweet cherries.
Worthy of cultivation for an ornamental shrub. When in bloom will grace any lawn
with its mass of white flowers.

PLUMS

The plum, like the pear and other fine fruit, attains its greatest perfection on
heavy soil. The cureulio, a small, dark-brown beetle, often stings the fruit, causing
it to drop off, but the following directions, faithfully observed, wi!l secure a crop of
this splendid fruit everywhere.

As soon as the blossoms are fallen, spread two sheets under the tree, and give the
tree a sudden jar by striking a smart blow with a hammer upon the stub of a limb
sawed from the tree for the purpose; the insects will drop on the sheets and can be
killed. Collect all fallen fruit and burn or feed the swine. Repea: che operation every

day for two or three weeks.

It should be done before sunrise.

The cost of protecting entire orchards from the attacks of this enemy will not
exceed ten cents per tree for the entire season.
Black knots should be cut out when they appear, and the disease will soon be

conquered.

Abundance—Large; bright red with yel-
low cheek; flesh light yellow, very
juicy, tender, with delicious sweetness;
early, annual, profuse bearer. Septem-
ber. :

ABUNDANCE

Aikin (Nigra)—Found wild in Atkin
County, Minnesota, (near Lake Itasca)
and introduced by The Jewell Nursery
Co. in 1896. Has the most northern
origin of any commercial plum and is
also one of the very earliest to ripen,
fully two weeks before DeSoto. Fruit
large greenish yellow, ground covered
with brilliant red, turning to dark red
when ripe. Flesh, yellow, rich, tender,
juicy and sweet. Stone remarkably
thin and almost free. Of splendid
market quality, especially on account
of earliness.

Beauty of Naples—A new variety, of the
highest promise; size large, color
greenish-yellow, flesh firm, juicy and
very fine flavored. Tree very hardy
and prolific. Middle of September.

Botan —Lemon-yellow ground, nearly
overspread with bright cherry and
heavy bloom; large to very large; ob-
long, tapering to a point like Wild
Goose; flesh orange-yellow, melting,
rich and highly perfumed. August. ~

Bradshaw—-Fruit very large, dark violet-
red; flesh yellowish-green, juicy and
pleasant. Tree vigorous, erect and
productive. Middle of August.

_ Berckman’s—A fine Japan plum. Tree of

remarkable vigor, with long, spreading,
willowy branches; exceedingly produc-
tive, and when well thinned grows to
large size. Obtuse, conical; deep blood-
red when ripened in the sun; moderate-
ly juicy, excellent quality. Ripens with
Abundance.

Burbank—Large, globular, cherry-red,
mottled yellow color; flesh yellow;
melting, juicy, sweet; semi-cling. One
of the best. Ripe July 1st to 10th.

Charles Downing—Vigorous, healthy tree.
Truit large, handsome and excellent.
One of the best of the Wild Goose type.

Chabot — (Japan) —A_ splendid plum.
Flesh sweet and of excellent flavor.
Ripens about the middle of August,
when all other plums are gone.

Cheney— (Nigra) — Fruit irregular, oval,
medium to large; color a dark and
rather dull red with slight blue bloom,
skin thick; flesh yellow and firm; stone
large, pointed, oval, much flattened,
cling. Season early. Tree a fine, vig-
orous, upright grower with large or-
namental flowers. Found in La Crosse,
Wis., and introduced by E. Marcie.
One of the best and hardiest of the
early varieties and will be found of
value in every orchard as there are few
sorts of its season.

20 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Coe’s Golden Drop—Large aud _ hand-
some; light yellow, firm, rich, sweet;
one of the best of late plums. Last
of September.

De Soto—(Americana) — Probably the
most grown of any plum of the Amer-
ican group. Found wild on the Miss-
issippi at De Soto, Wisconsin, and in-
troduced in 1863 by Elisha Hall. Qual-
ity unsurpassed and productiveness al-
most too great; tree should be well
fed and the crop thinned to prevent
overbearing and improve size of fruit.
Season medium. Fruit, medium; or-
ange overlaid with crimson; flesh yel-
low and firm; of fine flavor and qual-
ity. Has been found a profitable mar-
ket variety and excellent for all home
uses.

Empire State—Origin, Central New York.
Tree thrifty, healthy and hardy, a reg-
ular and profuse bearer. Fruit of extra
large size, good quality. Unsurpassed
for home use and unequalled for market.

Fellenberg—(Italian Prune)—A fine late
prune; oval, purple; flesh juicy and de-
licious; parts from the stone; fine for
drying. Tree very productive. Sept.

Forest Garden—(Americana) — Fruit
large, nearly round, dull purplish red
with thin bloom; flesh yellow, some-
times reddish next the stone; firm,
sweet and of pleasant flavor; cling.
Season medium. One of the most, ex-
tensively grown varieties in North-
western orchards and generally re-
ported as a profitable sort. The tree
is a thrifty, upright grower, bears
early and regularly, and seldom fails
to produce a good crop. Found wild

‘near Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and intro-
duced about 1862.

General Hand—Very large, oval; golden-
yellow; juicy, sweet and good. First
of September.

German Prune—A large, long oval vari-
ety, much esteemed for drying; color
dark purple; uf very agreeable flavor.
September.

Giant Prune—(California)—The largest
prune known, the fruit averaging 1%
to 2 ounces each. Its unequaled size,
handsome appearance, rare keeping
qualities, great productiveness and high
quality places it at the head of the
prunes for home use or market.

Grand Duke—Fruit oval with a short
neck. Skin dark, almost a darkish-pur-
ple, but reddish when shaded and cov-
ered with blue bloom. Flesh greenish-
yellow, adhering closely to the stone;
very brisk, with a sweet and rich flavor
when fully ripe.

Green Gage—Small; considered the stand-
ard of excellence; slow grower. Middle
of August.

Guii—Extensively grown for market,
having proved to be one of the most
profitable for that purpose. Tree a
hardy, very strong, vigorous upright
grower, spreading with age and bear-
ing; an early and abundant bearer.
Fruit large, roundish, oval; skin dark
purple, covered with a thick blue
bloom; flesh pale yellow, a little coarse,
rather firm, juicy, sweet, sprightly,
sub-acid; free-stone. Season last of
August and first of September.

Hale—New;
round plum.
Very late.

a very handsome, large,
Best of all Japanese sorts.

Hytankayo—(Japanese)—Large to very
large. Commences to ripen immediately
after Wild Goose; larger than Wild
Goose and of a meaty character, much
finer and better shipper. Conical in
shape; color deep purplish red, slightly
mottled when over ripe; flavor good,
sub-acid. Tree inclining to dwarf.

Imperial Gage—(Flushing Gage, Prince’s
Iinperial Gage)—Fruit large, oval; skin
pale green, flesh juicy, sweet, rich and
excellent. Tree very vigorous and
productive. Middle of August.

Jefferson—Large, yellow, reddened in the
sun; juicy, rich and delicious; one of
the best. Last of August.

Lincoln—This is said to be one of the
most remarkable plums yet introduced.
The largest of all the hardy varieties,
specimens of the fruit weighing as
much as four ounces each; it is of the
finest quality, even surpassing its
parent, the Green Gage. It ripens ear-
ly, 1s wonderfully prolific, and is eur-
eulia proof.

Lombard—Medium, round, oval, violet-
red; juicy, pleasant and good; adheres
to the stone. Tree vigorous and pro-
ductive. Last of August. A valuable
market variety; one of the most hardy
and popular.

Magnum Bonum, Red—(Egg)—Large;
red, firm flesh, sub-acid. First of Sept.

Magnum Bonum, Yellow—(Egg)—Large;
yellow; fine for culinary purposes. Las
of August.

Marianna—An accidental seedling origi-
nated in Texas. An unusually strong,
rapid grower. Fruit larger than the
Wild Goose. Round and of a peculiar
light red color. Its productiveness is
marvelous, and it ranks among the
best, if not the best of the Chickasaw
varieties. August.

Milton—Perfectly hardy; a great bearer
of fine fruit. The earliest plum in the
world—ripening July 10th. Resembles
Wild Goose in apearance very much,

Monarch—Tree very

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 21

RED JUNE

Miner—An improved variety of the
Chickasaw; originated in Lancaster,
Pa. Medium size, oblong, pointed apex;
skin dark, purplish red, slightly mot-
tled, with fine bloom; flesh soft, juicy,
vinous ;adheres to the stone. Excellent
for canning and cooking and esteemed
for market in the West. Tree hardy,
vigorous and productive. Early in
October.

thrifty, hardy,
healthy and handsome. Fruit largest
size often six inches in circumference;
dark purple nearly round; flesh pale
yellow, parts freely from stone, pleas-
ant, juicy and first rate quality. An
early and regular bearer.

Moore’s Arctic—Size medium or below;

skin purplish black, with a thin blue
bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy,
sweet and pleasant flavor. Is claimed
to be the hardiest plum grown and so
far free from black knots. Tree
healthy, vigorous; an early and abun-
dant bearer,

Niagara—A vigorous, productive variety;

valuable both for dessert and cooking;
fruit large and handsome, remaining
well on the tree; flesh juicy, rich and
fine flavored. Last of August.

Ogon—Fruit large, round, bright golden-

yellow, with faint bloom and some red
on the sunny side; flesh firm, sweet,
rich and dry. Tree vigorous and hardy.
August.

22 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

2 sss

Peach—vVery large and, handsome; dull
red, good, very productive. Last of
August.

Pond’s Seedling—A magnificent English
plum; light red, changing to violet;
flesh rather coarse. Tree a good grower
and an abundant bearer. One of the
most attractive trees in cultivation.

Pottawattamie—A cross of Chickasaw
and Sweedish Sloe. Quality excellent;
an immense early annual bearer; cur-
culio proof. Tree perfectly hardy; a
strong, vigorous grower; most profit-
able tree for the fruit grower.

Prince’s Yellow Gage—Rather large,
golden yellow; flesh rich, sugary and
melting; very hardy and productive; a
favorite sort. August.

Prunus Simoni—(Apricot Plum)—A dis-
tinct species from China. Growth
erect, flowers small, white, appearing
early in spring; fruit large, flattened,
of the size and appearance of a Nectar-
ine, and of a brick red color; flesh yel-
low, with a peculiar aromatic flavor.

Quackenboss—Large oblong, oval, deep
purple, a little coarse; sprightly, juicy,
sweet and excellent; adheres slightly
to the stone. Tree a rapid upright
grower and productive. Valuable for
market. October.

Red June-—(Red Nagate)—Medium size,
pointed; color deep red-purple; flesh
yellow; quality good; cling. A good
market variety.

Reine Claude De Bavay—Large, greenish-
yellow, spotted. with red; firm, juicy,
sugary, and of fine quality; very pro-
ductive. September.

SURPRISE

Satsuma—Native of Japan—The tree
looks much like the Wild Goose, and is
not likely to prove more hardy than
Kelsey. The fruit has a pleasant
flavor, and unlike all others, has red
flesh, with a remarkably small stone.

Shipper’s Pride—The fruit is of a large
size, it being no uncommon occurrence
to find specimens measuring two inches
in diameter each way, as it is nearly
round; a semi-cling, of a handsome,
dark purple color; excellent for canning
and an unusually good shipper, arriv-
ing at its destination in good order,
and keeping a long time in excellent
condition,

Shropshire Damson—(or Prune Damson)
An English variety ef great merit
for preserving. Large, and much more
desirable than the common Damson.
Tree vigorous grower, very free from
attacks of curculio; hardy and an abun-
dant bearer. October.

Spaulding—Tree a strong grower, with
broad, rich, dark foliage; fruit large,
yellowish green with marblings of
deeper green and a delicate white
bloom; flesh pale yellow, very firm,
sprightly, sugary and rich; fine for
canning. Claimed to be curculio proof.

Stanton—Originated in New York State.
The tree is a vigorous, healthy grower;
fruit medium to large, nearly round,
deep purple with blue bloom; quality
best. Ripens and keeps rather late.

Stoddard—One of the largest of the na-
tive plums. Originated in Iowa. Light
pinkish-red color and very handsome,
with a tough, sweet skin; excellent
quality.

Surprise—(Hortulana) — A variety
introduced about 1899 by Mr. Mar-
tin Penning of Sleepy Eye, Minn.,
and it is said by many to be the
finest in quality of any of the cul-
tivated varieties in the native
Minor group, also the hardiest of
that type. Fruit large to very
large; skin medium, thick, tender;
bright red; flesh pale yellow,
meaty and of fine flavor; quality
extra good. Season medium. Tree’
an upright, vigorous, healthy
grower and is everywhere reported
very productive. A splendid va-
riety for either home or commer-
cial culture and should be found
in every collection.

Tatge—Evidently a seedling of the
Lombard. Is larger, more nearly
round, darker in color and finer
quality than that well known and
excellent variety. Claimed to be
the hardiest, most productive and
longest-lived plum known.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 23

nnn nee eeeTESETE nnn SEE

TENNANT PRUNE

Turkish Prune—The largest and decided-
ly the best of the prune family and
very like the Italian prune in most re-
spects. Splendid for drying, canning
or using fresh.

Tennant Prune—Originated in Oregon.
Very promising on the Pacific Slope.
If it does equally well in the East
it will equal or surpass in all respects
our largest and best prunes.

Washington—Large, green, somewhat red-
dened; juicy, sweet and fine; very pro-
ductive. Last of August.

Weaver—This remarkable plum was
found near Cedar Rapids, lowa, grow-
ing in the old Indian camping groun®™.
Flesh firm, with flavor resembling the
Apricot. As a substitute for the peach
it has no rival. Cureulio proof.

Wickson Japan—Very large, growing car-
mine, with a heavy white bloom; flesh
firm, sugary, delicious; stone small. Re-
markable for its long keeping qualities.
Tree of vigorous, upright growth.

Wild Goose—An improved variety of the
Chickasaw, evident in the great vigor
of the tree and increased size of the
fruit which is nearly as large as the
Green Gage. Skin purple, with a
bloom; flesh juicy, sweet and adheres
to the stone. Last of July.

Willard—Medium size, round, not point-
ed; color dark, clear red, with minute
yellow dots; yellow-fleshed, sweet and
of a fair quality. The tree is very dis-
tinct and hardy and matures the foli-
age earlier than any other Japanese
variety, which is quite an important
feature with this race of plums.

Wolf—tThis is an enormous bearer and
bears annually. Fruit large and of
good quality; color bright red. Splen-
did for eating.

Wyant—Americana)—Fruit medium to
large, slightly oblong; color purplish-
red, inclining to orange on shaded side;
stone semi-cling; skin thick; flesh rich
yellow sometimes red next the stone;
quality good. Tree is a spreading
grower and is reported very pro-
lific. A fine appearing plum; some
growers consider it superior to Weaver,
but that seems still an open question.
It is certainly a splendid plum for
both home use and market. Originated
with Mrs. Mary Wyant (Iowa) about
1871,

Yellow Egg—(White Magnum Bonum,
White Egg Plum)—Fruit of the very
largest size; skin yellow, with numer-
cus white dots; flesh yellow, rather
coarse, sub-acid; fine for cooking. Tree
vigorous and productive. Last of Aug.

NEW JAPAN PLUMS

Introduced by Luther Burbank

Apple—Is a wonderful keeper; the most
luscious and delightful plum we ever
tasted; nothing could be better. Its
great size, vigorous growth of tree and
perfect imitation of an apple, as well
as beauty of color, will make it most
valuable.

America—This giant plum _ originated
from seed of the well-known ‘‘ Robin-
son’’ from a cross with the Japanese
plum ‘‘Botan,’’ and is from the same
combination which produced ‘‘Gold’’
and ‘‘Juicy,’’?’ both of which have,
proved generally hardy throughout the
United States, and no doubt America
will prove quite as hardy. Color, coral
red.

EBartlett—Nothing like this latest wonder,
the Bartlett Plum, has ever before been
produced, aud the world of fruit grow-
ers who so expectantly wait for the
magical producticns will here read of
tne marvel for the first time. A won-
derful combinaticn of fruit is this, in
reality a plum, but in quality almost
the exact counterpart of the pear from
which it is named.

Chalco—The fruit, which ripens just be-
fore Burbank, is large, flat like a toma-
to, deep reddish-purple, with very
sweet, rather firm, exceedingly fra-
grant, yellow flesh and a small seed.
Like the Apricot Flum, the fruit is

24 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

almost as stemless as a peach, and com- ask as full ripeness is reached. Tree
pletely surrounds the older branches as hardy, vigorous and compact grower.
thick as it can stick, like kernels on a Leaves dark glossy green. Bears im-
huge ear of corn. meuse crops of even sized fruit while

very young; never fails. Surpasses all
other varieties in keeping and carrying
qualities. Flesh firm, even when dead
ripe, but melting and juicy, with a deli-
ciousness indescribable. Will command
the highest price in both home and
foreign markets.

October Purple—It is a splendid grower;
ripens up its wood early to the tips;
bears enormously every season; fruits
‘Call over’’ the old wood on spurs, in-
stead of away out on the branches like
many other varieties. Fruit very uni-
form and large, many specimens meas-
uring over seven inches in circumfer-
ence. It is a superb late variety.

Shiro—From Wickson and _ Robinson.
Fruit egg-shaped, medium size, suture

CLIMAX indistinct; smooth, bright yellow, trans-

parent; bloom thin, white; cling; qual-

Climax—Cross of Simoni and _ Botan. ity good. Remarkable for its great

Very large, measuring 6% by 7% productiveness, rivaling the Burbank
inches in circumference; heart-shaped; in this respect.

a superbly rich plum, extremely early
—ripens in the coast countries early in Sultan—It is a cross between Wickson

July, before any other good plum. and Satsuma. It is large, being over
Color of flesh yellow; sweet and delli- two inches in diameter and nearly
cious, with a pineapple fragrance. round in shape. The surface is smooth,
Maynard—In size it is very large, often dark wine-red or garnet, being very
measuring seven and one-half inches in handsome. The flesh is garnet color,
circumference. Form nearly round, too, and rich looking. In flavor it is
slightly flattened at the ends, of richest excellent, being tart enough, yet not
crimson-purple, deepening to royal dam- sour, but a delicious sub-acid.

PEACHES

The ease with which Peach trees may be cultivated, their comparative freedom
from disease, the short period before they become productive, with the immense demand
for the fruit and the facility with which it may be shipped into distant markets, makes
peach growing extremely profitable.

To secure healthy, vigorous and fruitful trees, the ground must be keep clean and
mellow, and it should receive an occasional dressing of wood ashes. It should be

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 25

remembered that peaches are all borne on wood of the previous season’s growth, and
that this makes it absolutely necessary to prune the trees yearly, to remove dead
branches and to let in light and air, and keep the trees in good shape to produce bear-

ing wood.

Admiral Dewey—This is another triumph
in the production of very early peaches.
There is no known variety that can
compare with it in the qualities that
go to make a desirable early market
variety. Perfect freestone.

Alexander’s Early—Medium size; skin
greenish white nearly covered with rich
red, flesh melting, juicy, sweet. Tree
vigorous and productive. Ripens two
weeks earlier than Hale’s Early.

Amelia—Very large, conical; white, near-
ly covered with crimson; juicy, melt-
ing, vinous, sweet and of high flavor.
July 1st to 10th.

Amsden’s June—(Amsden)—Originated
at Carthage, Mo., in 1882. Medium
size; skin greenish- white, nearly cov-
ered with purple in the sun; ripens
with the Alexander and closely resem-
bles that variety, but some think it a
little higher flavor.

Barnard’s Early—aA fine yellow peach of
good quality. Very popular in Michi-
gan. An excellent canner.

Baldwin’s Late—Large, oblong; greenish-
white with red cheek; juicy and well-
flavored. October 10th.

Beer’s Smock—Large to very large; yel-
low, with red cheek; flesh yellow and of
the very best quality for the season;
freestone. A regular and enormous
bearer, making it very desirable for
market purposes. Last of September.

Belle of Georgia—Very large; skin white,
with red cheek; flesh white, firm, and
excellent flavor; the fruit is uniformly

* large and showy; very prolific bearer.
A seedling of Chinese Cling.

Bokara, No. 3—Seventy-five per cent.
hardier than any other peach. Imported
by Professor Budd, from Bokara.

Capt. Ede—Originated in Southern [lli-
nois, and among leading fruit growers
considered one of the best orchard
peaches. Ripens with Crawford’s Early.
Freestone. Very hardy. Yellow with
carmine cheek.

Carman—In size it is large; shape some-
what oblong, resembling its probable
sister, the great Elberta, the tree also
resembling this variety. Its color is
pale-yellow, covered for the most part
with a deep blush, while the skin is
very tough; the flesh is quite juicy and
tender with a fine flavor, and a free-
stone. Its time of ripening is exactly
that of Early Rivers.

Chair’s Choice—Bearing at four years of
age four or five bushels of fruit; large
size; firm, yellow; very handsome and
of good quality. Ripens between Craw-
ford’s Late and Smock.

Champion—Very large; many specimens
measuring ten inches in circumferences;
creamy-white with red cheek; flavor de-
licious, sweet, rich and juicy; very
hardy, productive. August. Free.

Chinese Cling—This type has of late
years produced several improved seed-
lings, which, although not all attaining
the enormous size of the original va-
riety, are, however, of better flavor and
less predisposed to decay, and of less
straggling habit of growth.

Cooledge’s Favorite—Large, white with
crimson cheek; flesh pale, very melting
and juicy, with a rich, sweet and high
flavor; beautiful and excellent. Tree
vigorous and productive. Last of Aug.

Crawford’s Early—A magnificent, large,
yellow peach of good quality. Tree
vigorous and very productive. Its fine
size, beauty and productiveness makes
it one of the most popular sorts; no
other variety has been so extensively
planted.

Crawford’s Late — (Late Crawford) —
Fruit of large size; skin yellow, or
greenish-yellow, with dull red cheek;
flesh yellow. Tree vigorous, moderately
productive; one of the finest late sorts.
Last of September.

Crosbey— (Excelsior) — Originated near
Lowell, Mass. Tree low, spreading,
willowy habit of growth; fruit buds
hardy, so that ‘‘Crosbey’’ produces full
annual crops where others fail; fruit me-
dium size, rich orange yellow, splashed
with carmine on the sunny side; per-
fect freestone; pit small; flesh yellow,
juicy, tender, sweet and rich.

Early Canada—Originated at Jordan,
Canada. As early as the earliest. Of
good size, of firm quality and hand-
Some appearance. Its earliness, origin,
and the fact that the flesh cleaves from

. the stone almost as freely as with the
later varieties, creates an unusual de-
mand for trees of this variety.

Early Louise—Larger than Early Beat-
rice, very thin skin and delicate aro-
ma; excellent variety for home con-
Sumption only, as it is too tender to
carry great distances. Maturing from
June 8 to 15th. Tree very prolific.

Early Rivers—Large; color creamy white,
with a delicate pink cheek; flesh melt-
ing, with a remarkably rich flavor.
Larger and ten days later than Alex-
ander. One of the finest peaches for
home use or near-by market.

26 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Early Tillotson—Medium, white, covered
with red, melting, good; very prolific;
a favorite market variety; stands ship-
ping well. Ripe from June 20th to 25th.

Elberta—The great market peach of the
South and Southwest. It is perfectly
hardy at the North, and is confidently
believed by the most experienced fruit
growers of the North to be one of the
very best peaches for home use or mar-
ket. Ripens with Crawford’s Early.

foster—Originated in Medford, Mass.
Large deep orange red, becoming very
dark red on the sunny side; flesh yel-
low, very rich and juicy, with sub-acid
flavor. Ripens with Early Crawford.
Very handsome.

Garfield or Brigdon—A new peach, orig-
inated in Cayuga Co., N. Y. Flesh yel-
low, very rich and juicy; color deep
orange-red. Middle of September.

ELBERTA
Everbearing—One of the most remark-

Globe—A rapid, vigorous grower and
enormous bearer; fruit very large glob-
ular in form; flesh firm, juicy, yellow,
shaded with reddish crimson towards
the pit or stone; quality good, very rich
and luscious. September and October.

able peaches of the season. The first
ripening averages 3144 inches long by
3 inches broad. The size of the sec-
ond and following crops diminishes
gradually, until that of the last ripen-
ing is about two inches in diameter. A
supply of the fruit may,-therefore, be
secured from the same tree for several
weeks.

Fitzgerald—A seedling found at Oakville,
Ontario, where it stands the winters
perfectly, and for the past four years
has cropped regularly. It is undoubtedly
very hardy, and the fruit averages
larger than any variety we know of.

Golden Drep—Large. golden yellow, with
red cheek, in the sun; flesh yellow,
juicy, rich and very good. ‘Tree very
hardy, productive. Ripeus hetween
Hill’s Chili and Smock.

Governor Hogg—This most wonderful

Quality first-class, freestone, and we

. recommended it with entire confidence.
Flaters, or Yellow St. John—Large round
ish, orange-yellow, with deep red cheek;
juicy, sweet and high flavored; flesh
yellow; prolific, an excellent peach. It
ought to have a place in every orchard.
Middle of June.

peach originated five miles north of
Tyler, Smith County, Texas, and was
discovered in 1892. It is one of the
most valuable peaches known. Fruit
very large, superior richness and flavor;
white with red cheek; it resembles the
Chinese Cling in sizeandcolor. A pro-
lifie bearer and vigorous grower.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC.

Greensboro—The largest and most beau-
tifully colored of all the early peaches.
Of good quality; juicy; a freestone,
but adheres slightly; ripens perfectly
to the seed and with the Alexander,
which makes it of great value as a
market peach.

Hale’s Early—Medium size; greenish-
white, with red cheek; first quality.
Tree healthy, good grower and produc-
tive. The earliest good peach we have
and promises to be a leading orchard
variety.

Heath Cling—(White Heath Cling)—
Originated in Maryland, where it is
much esteemed. Of large size and good
quality. -

Henrietta, or Levy’s Late—Flesh yellow
to the seed, to which it adheres
slightly. Very sweet and sufficiently
firm to bear transportation when fully
ripe 1,000 miles in good order; flavor
good with fine aroma.

Hiley—Very vigorous and hardy trees.
Large fruit of rich, creamy white color,
with rich blush on sunny side. Excel-
lent quality. Freestone.

Hill’s Chili—Tree very hardy; slow grow-
er, great bearer; excellent; late.

Honest John—Medium to large, yellow;
flesh yellow, of good quality. Tree vig-
orous and productive. First of Sep-
tember.

Indian or Blood—Large dark claret, with
deep red veins; downy; flesh deep red;
very juicy, vinous and refreshing. Mid-
dle of August.

Jacques Rarepipe—Very large, deep yel-
low; has a high reputation. Last of
August.

Kalamazoo—Originated in Kalamazoo. A
strong grower; bears full loads of fruit
at two years old; size very uniform;
pit small; flesh thick, yellow and of fine
quality; skin golden-yellow, with red
cheek. Tree very hardy and reliable
bearer. Ripens between Early and
Late Crawford.

Klondyke—The most remarkable peach
in size, color and flavor of the age.
This marvelous peach originated in
York Co., Pa., from a pit of Old Mixon,
pollenized by Heath Cling. Tree a
strong, upright, robust grower, with
large, long luxuriant foliage, a perfect
picture of health; very productive.

Lady Ingold—Resembles Early Crawford,
but of better quality and a few days
later. Superior for canning.

Large Early York—Large; white with
red cheek; fine grained, very juicy, rich
and delicious; vigorous and productive;
one of the best. Last of August.

Lemon Free—A new seedling, originated
in Ohio; resembles somewhat the Smock
Free, but is in every way finer, larger
and of better quality. A regular and
prolific bearer, with fruit sometimes
measuring twelve inches in circumfer-
ence, and of finest color and flavor.
Ripens first of October. Freestone.

Lord Palmerston—Originated with the
celebrated nurseryman, Thomas Rivers,
of England. Fruit very large, skin
whitish, with a pink cheek; flesh firm,
melting, rich and sweet. Last of Sep-
tember.

Mamie Ross—Seedling of Chinese Cling,
which it resembles. Fruit of good size;
skin white; flesh firm, juicy and of good
quality.

Matthew’s Beauty—Originated in Ran-
dolph County, Ga. Handsome appear-
ance, round, golden yellow, with beau-
tiful red cheek on the sunny side; per-
fect freestone; flesh firm. The best
shipper. Tree is a heavy, stocky grow-
er, its fruit buds and blossoms among
the most hardy. Ripening at a time
when the market is almost bare of fine
fruit, is bound to be very profitable.

Mayflower—LEarliest peach known. Ripens
one week before Sneed; color red
all over, beautiful appearance. Carries
well to market not being tender like
Sneed. Blooms very late, crop never
entirely cut off by late frosts, size me-
dium, quality good. Tree an upright
good grower, a very prolific bearer.
Originated in Copiah Co., Miss.

Michigan Early—Medium size; white,
with red cheeks, handsome; flesh white,
firm and of fine quality. An early and
good bearer. Middle of August.

Mountain Rose—Large, red; flesh white,
juicy, rich and excellent. One of the
best early peaches, ripening with
Troth’s Early, and much larger and
finer than that variety. Should be in
every collection. . First of August.

Morris White—Medium; straw _ color,
tinged with red; juicy and delicious.
Productive. Middle of September.

Old Mixon Cling—Large; pale yellow,
with red cheek; juicy, rich and high
flavored. One of the best clingstone
peaches. Last of September.

Old Mixon Free—Large; pale yellow
with a deep red cheek; tender, rich
and good. One of the best. First to
middle of September.

Picquet’s Late—Very large; yellow, with
red cheek; flesh yellow, buttery, rich,
sweet and of the highest flavor. Matur-
ity from end of August to middle of
September. This variety seldom fails
to produce a crop of fruit, one of the
most profitable late yellow peaches
South and West.

28 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

MAYFLOWER

Ray—Above medium size; white flesh,
with red blush; firm and good shipper
and a good seller on the market. Trees
are strong growers, noticeably so, com-
pared with other varieties. A regular
bearer. The fruit continues in ripening
longer than any other variety we know,
and we earnestly recommend that our
customers plant this valuable Peach for
profit in all commercial orchards.

Reeves’ Favorite—Large, roundish; skin
yellow, with a fine red cheek; flesh yel-
low, red at the stone; juicy, melting,
with a vinous flavor. A good, hardy
variety. September.

Slappey—Hardy sort. Ripens in June in
Georgia. Is free of excessive rot and
keeps splendidly. Fiesh yellow, sweet,
excellent flavor. I'reestone.

Sallie Worrell—Very large; white.
good. September.

Salway—Fruit large, roundish; deep yel-
low, with a rich, marbled, brownish-
red cheek, flesh yellow, firm, juicy, rich
and sugary. An English variety; prized
highly as a late, showy market sort.

Very

Schumaker—Fruit medium to large;
juicy, melting and rich. Parts freely
from stone when fully ripe. Ripens

middle of July.

Sneed—A good grower and productive.
A profitable variety. Good quality.
Color white, with red cheeks.

Snow’s Orange—Medium; orange-yellow,
with dark-red cheek; flesh yellow and
of good quality. Hardy and very pro-
ductive. Beginning of September.

Steadley—Fruit very large, of a greenish-
white color; flesh white to the stone
and of a delicious flavor. Early in
October.

Stump the World—Very large, roundish;
skin white, with a bright red cheek;
flesh white, juicy and good. Last of
September.

Thurber—Large to very large; skin
white, with light crimson mottlings;
flesh very juicy, vinous and delicate
aroma; of exceedingly fine texture.
Maturity middle to end of July.

Triumph—tThe earliest freestone and the
earliest yellow-fleshed peach known.
The greatest acquisition yet in a peach.
Ripens with the Alexander.

Victor—The earliest peach known; ripen-
ing ten days earlier than the Sneed.
The tree is a very vigorous, compact
grower and regular and immense
bearer. The fruit is of a very pleasant,
sub-acid flavor; equals the Alexander
in size, ripens thoroughly and is a semi-
cling.

Wager—Large; yellow, juicy, and of a
fair flavor. Trees produce fruit in
great quantities. Last of August.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 29

Waterloo—Of medium to large size; color
whitish-green, marbled with red, deep-
ening into dark purple crimson in the
sun; flesh greenish-white, with an abun-
dance of sweet, vinous juice; adheres
some to the stone, like Amsden, Hale’s
Early, ete. July 14th.

Wheatland—Originated with D.S. Rogers,
near Rochester, N. Y. Mr. R., who has
large orchards, including the leading
sorts, thinks this is the finest of all.
Fruit large; color golden-yellow, with

crimson tint; flesh firm and of fine
quality. Ripens between Crawford’s
Early and Late.

Wonderful—A freestone; color rich gold-
en-yellow, overspread with carmine. It
ripens after nearly all other varieties
have disappeared, and is a remarkable
keeper. Tree wonderfully prolific.

Yellow Rareripe—Large deep yellow,
dotted with red; melting, juicy, with a
rich flavor. Ripens one week later than
Crawford’s Early. Closely resembles
Jacques’ Rareripe.

NECTARINES

A most delicious, smooth skinned fruit, which thrives wherever peaches will grow,
but is liable to be stung by curculio and requires the same treatment as plums.

Boston Nectarine—Very large and hand-
some; deep yellow, with a bright blush,
and mottles of red; flesh yellow to the
stone; sweet, with a pleasant and pecu-
liar flavor. Freestone.

Early Violet—Medium size; yellowish-
green, nearly covered with dark pur-
plish red; juicy, rich and _ highly
flavored. Last of August.

Eiruge—Medium size; pale green, with
dark red cheek; flesh pale green, very
juicy and rich. First of September.

New White—Large, white, nearly round;
flesh white, tender, very juicy, with
a rich vinous flavor; stone small, and
separates freely. August.

Red Roman—Largest size; greenish-yel-
low, with a dark, dull, red cheek; flesh
yellowish; fine grower and productive.
First of September.

APRICOTS

A delicious fruit of the plum species, valuable for its earliness.
attacked by curculio and requires the same treatment as the plum.

crops, ripening in July and August.

Alexander—Very hardy; an immense
bearer; fruit large, yellow, flecked
with red; very beautiful, sweet and
delicious. July.

Alexis—Very hardy; an abundant bearer.
Yellow, with red cheek; large to very
large; slightly acid, rich and luscious.
July.

Breda
red; juicy, rich and vinous.

Small; dull orange, marked with
Produce-

tive and hardy. First of August.
Catherine—Very hardy,
medium
good.

vigorous and
productive; sized; yellow;

mild sub-acid;

MOORPARK

It is liable to be
It bears immense

Early Golden—(Dubois)—Small;
orange, juicy and sweet.
productive. First of July.

Gibb—Tree hardy, grows symmetrical,
productive; fruit medium, yellowish
sub-acid, juicy and rich. Last of June.

Harris—Equal in size and quality to the
best cultivated; recommended for its
hardiness and good bearing qualities.
June 20th to July Ist.

J. L. Budd—tTree a strong grower and
profuse bearer. Fruit large, white,
with red cheek; sweet, juicy, with a
sweet kernal, as fine flavored as an

almond. The best

late variety, and a

decided acquisition.

pale
Hardy and

August.

Moorpark—One of the
largest, orange, with
a red cheek; firm,
juicy, with a rich
flavor; very produc-
tive. August.

Nicholas—Tree hardy
and prolific; fruit me-
dium to large; white,
sweet and melting. A
handsome and valu-
able variety. July.

Peach — Very large;
orange, with a dark
cheek; juicy and high-
ly flavored.

30 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

QUINCES

The Quince is of late attracting a great deal of attention as a market fruit.
Scarcely any fruit will pay better in the orchard. The tree is hardy and compact in
growth, requiring but little space; productive; gives regular crops and comes early
into bearing. The fruit is much sought after for canning for winter use. When put
up in the proportion of about one quart of quinces to four quarts of other fruit it
imparts a delicious flavor.

It flourishes in any good garden soil, which should be kept mellow and well
enriched. Prune off all the dead and surplus branches, and thin out the fruit if bear-
ing too freely.

Bourgeat—A new, golden, prolific variety,

(_-of the best quality; ripening shortly
after Orange and keeping until mid-
winter. Tree a remarkably strong
grower, surpassing all others.

Orange—Large, roundish; bright golden-
yellow; cooks tender and is of very ex-
cellent flavor. Valuable for preserves
or flavoring; very productive; the most
popular and extensively cultivated of
the old varieties. October.

Champion—Fruit very large, fair and Pineapple—The name comes from the

handsome, surpassing other varieties in
this respect; bears abundantly while
young; flesh cooks as tender as an
apple and without hard spots or cores;
flavor delicate, imparting an exquisite
quince taste and odor to any fruit with
which it is cooked. The most valuable

flavor which is suggestive of the pine-
apple. The fruit in form and in size re-
sembles the Orange Quince, but is
smoother and more globular. Makes a
superior jelly; possessing a most ex-
quisite and delicious flavor not equalled
by any other quince.

of all.

_/ Meech’s Prolific—The most prolific of all

Le known varieties; ripens between the

f Orange and Champion. Bears very
early, usually a full crop at three years;
quality unsurpassed and size large.

Rea’s Mammoth—A seedling of the
Orange Quince; one-third larger, of the
same form and color; fair, handsome;
equally as good and said to be as pro-
ductive. Tree a hardy and healthy
grower.

GRAPES

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The Grape is the most healthful of all fruits, and the most highly esteemed for
its many uses. It can be secured by every one who has a garden, a yard or a wall.
It can be confined to a stake, bound to a trellis, trained over an arbor or extended
until it covers a large tree or building, and it still yields its graceful bunches and
luscious, blooming clusters. Capable of most extraordinary results under wise man-
agement, it is prone, also to give the greatest disappointment under bad culture or
neglect. Other fruits may be had from plants that know no care, but grapes are only
to be had through attention and forethought. We will endeavor to point out a few
essential points in its successful culture, and refer the cultivator to other and more
extended works for more details.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 31

Soils—Good grapes are grown on various soils, sandy, clayey, loamy, ete. The
soil must be well drained, and there should be a free exposure to the sun and air.
Hillsides, unsuitable for other crops, are good places for grapes.

Crops—Crop grapes moderately if you would have fine, well-ripened fruit. A
vine is capable of bringing only a certain amount of fruit to perfection, proportioned
to its size and strength; but it usually sets more fruit than it can mature; reduce the
crop early in the season to a moderate number of good clusters and cut off the small
inferior branches; the remainder will be worth more than the whole would have been.
A very heavy crop is usually a disastrous one.

Pruning—Annual and careful pruning is essential to the production of good
grapes. If the roots are called upon to support too much wood, they cannot bring to
maturity a fine crop of fruit. The pruning should be done in November, December,
February or March, while the vines are entirely dormant.

Trained Vines—There are many methods of training grape vines, but as trellises
are most generally employed, we will confine our suggestion to a description of the
trellis method. To construct a trellis take posts of oak, cedar or chestnut 8 to 10 feet
long, set them 3 feet in the ground and about 12 feet apart. Stretch No. 9 galvanized
wire tightly along the posts and fasten them to each. Let the first wire be 18 inches
from the ground and the distance between the wire 12 inches. Wooden slats about
one by two inches may be substituted for wires. Trellises should be at least 10 feet
apart, a greater distance preferable. Set the vines about 20 feet apart. Prune the
vines to two canes for two years after they are planted. In February or March these
canes should be cut back to 5 or 6 feet each, and tied along the lower wire or slat of
the trellis horizontally.

Fruited Grape Vine

When the growth commences in spring the young shoots must be reduced by
disbudding so that they may stand about a foot apart on the cane, selecting of course
strong healthy shoots; as they grow they are tied up to a second, third and fourth
wire or slat, and all other superfluous ones removed, as well as the. young laterals,
which will appear on vigorous vines; but the first fruit-bearing shoots are allowed to
extend themselves at will until September, when they may be pinched off at the end
to assist the ripening of the wood. The vine in autumn, with the fruit on, will present
the appearance of the above cut and before pruning in the autumn, after the leaves
are off the following appearance. The next pruning, which may be done in November
or December, if it is desirable to lay the vines down and cover them over for the win-
ter; or in February or March if not laid down, consists in cutting back all young
wood of the previous year’s growth (except such shoots as may be required to extend
the horizontal arms). to within one or two good buds of the bearing canes on the
lower wire, giving the vine the appearance of the following cut:

Bearing Vine Before Pruning Pruned Vine

Each season thereafter the vines are to be treated in the same manner, cutting
back every year to the lower wire or slat, extending the vine only in a horizontal
direction, thinning vines in the rows by digging up every other plant, if necessary,
but never growing any grape above the second wire, and renewing the bearing canes
by new shoots from the stumps when required.

32 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIP PIVE CATALOGUE

Gathering and Keeping—Grapes for keeping, to be used in their fresh state,
should be allowed to remain upon the vines until perfectly matured, but not much

longer. Pick them when perfectly dry.

Let them stand in open baskets or boxes for

about ten days in a cool, dry room, and after sorting out all decayed and imperfect
berries, pack them in shallow boxes and cover closely. Use no paper, but basswood

or elm boxes, if convenient.
they flavor the fruit disagreeably.

Pine and other resinous woods should not be used, as
After packing, keep the boxes where it is both

ocol and dry. Under careful management some varieties may be kept until spring.

CLASS I—BLACK GRAPES

Barry—(Rogers’ No. 43)—Bunch large,
but rather short; berries large, round-
ish, much like Black Hamburg; deli-
cate, sweet and tender. Ripens with
Coneord. Vine vigorous and productive.
One of the largest and finest of the
Rogers’ Hybrids.

Campbell’s Early—This is not a chance
seedling, but the result of carefully
conducted experiments by the orig-
inator through successive crossings of
the most promising varieties which he
had produced or tested within the past
thirty years.

Champion—A large grape of medium
quality; a strong grower and very
hardy; the earliest of all; succeeds in
all sections, and this makes it one of
the most valuable market grapes.

Clinton—Bunches small and very com-
pact; berries small and _ sprightly.
When thoroughly ripe is a good table
grape and keeps well.

Columbian—Very strong grower, with
thick, leathery leaves. Regarded with
high flavor on account of its large size,
showiness and early ripening. Ripens
with Moore’s Early.

Concord—A large, handsome grape, ripen-
ing a week or two later than Isabella;
very hardy and productive. Succeeds
over a great extent of country, and,
although not of the highest quality, it is
one of the most popular market grapes.

Haton—Black; bunch and berry of the
very largest size; not quite so early
nor sweet as its parent, the Concord,
but less foxy; pleasant, juicy, with ten-
der pulp. Vine very vigorous, healthy
and productive. Originated in Massa-
chusetts.

Early Ohio—The earliest black grape
known; ripens ten days to two weeks
before Moore’s Early. Bunch large,
compact and shouldered; berry medium,
covered with heavy bloom; as hardy
or more so than the Concord. A
vigorous grower, very productive and
of good quality. Berry adheres firmly
to the stem. One of the best shippers.
The only early grape that will not shell.

Hartford Prolific—Bunches rather large;
berries large, globular; color almost
black, covered with a beautiful bloom;
of a fair quality, ripens three weeks
before the Isabella; valuable for its
abundant bearing and early maturity.

Isabella—An old standard sort, highly
prized where it will thoroughly mature.
Bunches long, large, loose; berries
large, oval, sweet and musky; a good
keeper.

Merrimac—(Rogers’ No. 19)—Bunch
medium to large; berry large, sweet
and rich; vigorous and productive; one
of the earliest and best of the Rogers’
sort.

Mills—Black. Originated in Canada.
Vine vigorous, hearty and healthy; sup-
posed to be a cross between a native
and foreign variety; bunch very large,
long and shouldered; berry medium to
large; adheres firmly to the stem; flesh
firm, meaty, rich and sprightly.

McPike—Originated by H. G. McPIKE,
of Mount Lookout Park, Alton, [linois.
A seedling of Worden, with all its good
qualities, unequaled leaf, perfect char-
acter in every point, superb quality,
color and flavor like the Worden; ber-
ries very large, measuring over three
inches in circumference; easily the best
grape grown.

Moore’s Early—Bunch large; berry round
(as large as the Wilder or Rogers’ No.
4); color black, with a heavy blue
bloom; quality better than Concord;
vine exceedingly hardy; has never been
covered in the winter, and has been
exposed to a temperature of more than
twenty degrees below zero without in-
jury to it; has been entirely exempt
from mildew or disease. Its earliness
makes it desirable for an early crop,
and more particularly adapts it to New
England and the northern portion of
the United States, maturing as it does,
ten days before the Hartford and
twenty before the Concord.

Wilder—(Rogers’ No. 4)—lLarge and
black; bunches generally shouldered;
berry round and large; flesh buttery,
with a somewhat fibrous center; sweet,
rather sprightly; ten days earlier than
the Isabella.

Worden—This new variety is a seedling
of the Concord, which it greatly re-
sembles in appearance and flavor, but
the berries are larger. The fruit is said
to be better flavored and to ripen sev-
eral days earlier.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 33

CLASS II—RED AND PURPLISH GRAPES.

Alice—A red grape, of very vigorous
growth and hardiness; in quality fully
equal to Delaware by actual test.
Ripening with or before Concord and
keeping in perfect condition, without
cold storage throughout the winter. It
does not shell and under suitable con-

ditions will raisin instead of rot. Vine
very productive.
Agawam—(Rogers’ No. 15)—Large,

round, early and of great vigor of
growth. Rich, peculiar aromatic flavor.
Considered by Mr. Rogers as the best
of his strictly red Hybrids. September.

Amber Queen—A new and promising va-
riety which originated in Massachu-
setts. Bunch and berry of medium size;
color light amber; flesh tender to the
center; juicy, sprightly and delicious.
Larger than and as early as Delaware.

Brighton—A cross between Concord and
Diana Hamburg. Flesh rich, sweet and
of the best quality. Ripens earlier
than Delaware. Vine vigorous and
very hardy. This variety has now been
thotoughly tested, and without an
equal among early grapes.

Catawba—Well-known as the gréat wine
grape of Ohio, Kentucky, ete. Bunches
large and loose; berries large, of a cop-
pery-red color, becoming purplish when
well ripened, two weeks later than
Isabella; requires the most favorable
soils and situations, good culture and
warm seasons to mature in Western
New York.

Delaware—Still holds its own as one of
the finest grapes; bunches small, com-
pact, shouldered; berries rather small,
round; skin thin, light red; flesh very
juicy; without any hard pulp, with an
exceedingly sweet, spicy and delicious
flavor. Vine moderately vigorous,
hardy and productive. Ripens two
weeks before the Isabella.

Goethe—(Rogers’ No. 1)—Vine vigorous,
productive; flesh tender to the center,,
juicy, sweet pleasant, slightly aromatic.
A good grape.

Jefferson—Vine very vigorous, extremely
hardy; bunch very large, often double,
shouldered, compact; berries large,
roundish oval; light red, with a thin
lilac bloom; combines the sugary rich-
ness of the Brighton, the tender meaty
flesh of the Iona, with just enough
vinous flavor to make the fruit deli-
ciously sprightly and unsurpassed.
Ripens with Concord.

Lutie—It is the earliest in market; never
known to rot; vine perfectly hardy, a.
strong grower and enormously produc-
tive. Vines two years old from cuttings
have produced each twenty-five pounds.
of choice fruit. Flavor equal to Dela-
ware, sweet and rich.

Lindley—(Rogers’ No. 9)—Bunch long
and compact; flesh sweet; ripens soon
after Delaware. One of the best and
earliest of the Rogers’.

Moyer—A new grape originated in Can-
ada. In habit of growth and hardiness
it resembles the Delaware very much
but ripens earlier. Flavor sweet, deli-
cious; skin tough but thin; pulp tender
and juicy.

Perkins—Vine vigorous and productive;
bunch compact and shouldered; ripens
before Isabella.

Salem—(Rogers’ No. 22)—This is re-
garded as the best of Mr. Rogers’ hy-
brids. Bunch large; berry large, round;
flesh tender, juicy, with a rich, aromatic
flavor; slight pulp; a good keeper.

Vergennes—Originated at Vergennes, Vt.,
near Lake Champlain. The Originator
says of it: ‘Clusters large; berries
large; color light amber; flavor rich
and delicious, ripening here fully as
early as Hartford Prolific.’’ Its keep-
ing qualities are superior.

Woodruff Red—This very large and hand-
some red grape is a seedling of Con-
cord. Vine a very strong grower; free
from disease and very hardy; bunch
large, shouldered, berry very large and
does not drop from the stem.

CLASS III—WHITE GRAPES.

Duchess—Bunch large (often eight inches
long) shouldered, compact; berries me-
dium size, greenish white; flesh tender,
without pulp; flavor sprightly, rich and
delicious. Ripens about with Concord.
Vine a strong grower and very hardy.

Empire State—A purely native variety;
remarkable strong grower; foliage re-
sists mildew; extremely hardy, very
productive; fruit ripens early, of best
quality; hangs firmly to the stem; con-
tinues a long time on vine; remarkably
good keeper.

Green Mountain—A very early and deli-
cious grape; pulp tender and _ sweet,
with but one or two seeds; bears young
and profusely, and ripens from the 25th
of August to the 1st of September. The
only grape thus far tested that ranks
first, both in earliness and quality.

Lady—Originated in Ohio. A seedling
from Concord. Bunch and berry me-
dium size, light greenish-yellow, cov-
ered with white bloom; flesh tender
and sweet, lacking character. Vine
_ hardy and productive.

34 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

NIAGARA

Lady Washington—Vine very vigorous;
berry medium to large, round; color
deep yellow, with a tinge of delicate
pink where exposed to the sun, and
covered with thin, white bloom.

Martha—Native of Missouri. Bunches
medium, shouldered; berry large, round-
ish; flesh similar to Concord; a little
foxy, but very good; ripens earlier
than Concord. Vine vigorous and
hardy. Deservedly popular.

McKinley—A large BARLY WHITE
GRAPE, as large as the Niagara and
productive; strong grower, and robust
foliage. It is a cross between Niagara
and Moore’s Early. It was originated
near where the Niagara Grape orig-
inated. It is fully ten days earlier
side by side. Bunches very large and
compact, very sweet with no acid
around the seeds and no puckery taste
in the skin. It is the coming Harly
Grape for market.

Moore’s Diamond—-A vigorous grower,
with dark, healthy foliage; entirely
free from mildew. A prolific bearer;
bunches large, handsome and compact,
slightly shouldered; color delicate
greenish-white, with rich yellow tinge
when fully ripe. Skin smooth and free
from specks; pulp tender, juicy and
nearly transparent, with very few
seeds; berry about the size of Concord.

Quality best; rich, sprightly and sweet.
Ripens about two weeks before Con-
cord. :

Niagara—This white grape is justly re-
garded as one of the very best known;
very fine quality for a table grape;
very prolific, hardy and fine grower.

Pockington—Is a seedling from Concord;

fruit a light golden-yellow, clear, juicy
and sweet to the center, with little or
no pulp; bunches very large, some-
times shouldered; berries round, very
large and thickly set. First of Sep-
tember.

“Prentiss—A pure native seedling. Vine

. vigorous and hardy; clusters of a good
size, compact; berries medium to large;
flesh tender, sweet, with a pleasant
aromatic flavor. Very productive, in-
clined to overbear. Ripens about with
Concord.

Rebecca—A fine and delicious white
grape; berry and bunch medium size.
Vine a free, slender grower and abun-
dant bearer; not quite hardy. Ripens
almost as soon as the Delaware. We
regard it as one of the highest flavored
of our native grapes; recommended par-
ticularly for careful garden culture.

Rommel—Large, greenish-yellow, tender,
melting, of fine quality; vigorous and
hardy. ;

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 35

FIG. 3
Planted too Shallow

Planted too Deep. Right way of Planting

Strawberries may be successfully grown on any soil adapted for garden purposes,
or where good crops of grain or potatoes can be raised. The ground should be well
prepared, thoroughly enrichedfi and should be kept free from weeds,

In the Middle and Northern States the plants should be set during the months of
April and May. Pot plants that will produce some berries in the season following the
planting may be set in August or September, but these are necessarily expensive.
Plants taken from the open ground in August or September are much more liable to
injury in transit than those sent in the spring, and need careful shading and water-
ing until established.

Three hundred bushels per acre is not an unusual crop. In our lists we indicate
pistillate sorts with the letter P.

Bederwood—Fruit large, conical, pright’...Gandy—A very strong growing plant;
red and of excellent quality. All things moderately productive; fruit large, uni-
considered, this is one of the very best form shape, bright color, and good
early varieties. Plant a good healthy quality; season late. A cross between
grower. Jersey Queen and Glendale. Ripening
Brandywine—A new variety of Pennsyl- two weeks after the Sharpless,
4 vania origin, very highly recom-
mended; of immense size and fine quak..Glen Mary—(P)—A new variety espe-
ity; firm and shapely; large berry. cially recommended for vigor and pro-

Medium to late.

lent flavor, sweet sub-acid, and in size

ubach’s No. 5—Ver rolific, of excel-
hg y P ,

simply immense—berries averaging
large—many over 2% inch in diam-
eter and 7 inches in circumference. Its
equal has not been produced on this
continent.

i Charles Downing—A general favorite,

succeeding everywhere under all sys-
tems of culture. Medium to large;
bright crimson; handsome; moderately
firm and of superior quality. One of
the best for home use.

‘Clyde—The Clyde is considered one of

the best Strawberries of recent intro-
duction. Ripens early; as large as
Bubach, or larger; better quality and
much finer. The plant is strong and
healty; foliage light green.

rescent Seedling—(P)—Large, averag-
ing larger than Wilson’s Albany; coni-
eal; color a handsome bright scarlet;
quality very good. In productiveness
unequalled, having produced over 400
bushels per acre, Plants very strong
and vigorous. A most valuable market
sort.

ductiveness of plants, size and beauty
of berries and of excellence of flavor.
Medium to late. —

_-Sxeenville—it leads for productiveness,

market, home use, and general pur-
poses; combines earliness, firmness,
large size, good quality; very even and
fine color, with wonderful vigor and
health of plant; free from rust, and
attains its greatest productiveness
when planted near Bederwood.

Cffaverland—(P)—Large, healthy, vigor-

ous-growing plant; very productive;
fruit large, conical, with slight neck;
Ee in size and shape; bright red;
rm,

Z-Sessie—Plant a strong, robust grower,

similar to Sharpless. On most soils it
is a robust, healthy plant; long, stout
fruit stalks hold the fruit well up from
the ground. Berries of the larger size;
medium to dark red color all the way
through; firm and solid and of the most
excelent quality; very few small ber-
ries and none of the larger ones of ir-
regular shape.

36 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Marshall—Season late. Berries deep blood
red to center, flavor very much like
the wild berry. Foliage large and vig-

orous. While it will not perhaps yield
as many quarts to the acre as some
medium sized berries, yet it is the best
extra large berry. It makes compara-
tively few runners in hills to get
largest berries.

McKinley—Well tested and proved to be
a superb variety in every respect.
Flesh firm, quality excellent. Plant
vigorous, healthy and a _ wonderful
yielder.

New Home—tThis berry is certainly very
fine; a vigorous and thrifty grower;
the berries large and even in size; an
abundant producer. Should be planted
by all berry growers, either for market
or home use.

Parker Earle—A_ splendid berry; uni-
formly large, regular, conical with a
short neck; color glossy scarlet-crim-
son; ripens all over; flesh moderately
firm, no hollow core; quality good;
flowers perfect; always setting perfect
fruit. Plant very vigorous, healthy
and remarkably productive.

Senator Dunlap—This berry is one of
the best. Very productive, plants very
strong and thrifty, producing immense
quantities of large, fine, juicy fruit,
which always sells at top market prices.

Sample—A new variety that has been
tested and found satisfactory in every
respect.

Sharpless—Very large; average specimen
under good cultivation measuring 1%
inches in diameter; generally oblong,
narrowing to the apex, irregular, often
flattening; clear light red, with a
smooth, shining surface; firm, sweet,
with a delicious aroma. Vigorous,
hardy and very productive when raised
in the hills with runners cut off.

Shuckless—This is the most remarkable
strawberry every introduced. In pick-
ing it parts readily from the stem, the
shucks remaining on the stem instead
of the berry, which makes it of great
practical value for table use. Plant a
strong grower, hardy, and a late
bloomer; produces berries of uniform
size and color.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. aT

/ “Sy i ee

“Timbrell—The vine is a thrifty grower,

with rank, dark foliage, after the

nature of Parker Earle, and the berry

is large, symmetrical, dark crimson

color, which runs through the flesh. It

is a good yielder of large, handsome

berries, so firm they will stand long

shipments in good condition. Ripens
late.

“Van Deman—Very early; an immense
cropper; good canner. Quality will
rank with the best.

* Warfield No. 2—Berry dark red, conical

Ln shape; flavor much like Wilson when
Tipe; sweet and rich; a _ vigorous
grower, with long, penetrating roots to
resist the drought; tall leaves to pro-
teet the blossoms from frost.
ilson’s Albany—Medium to large; dark
red; very hardy, vigorous and produc-
tive.. The most widely known and uni-
versally successful strawberry.

LA. Bob splendid new sort and
worthy of a trial.

RASPBERRIES

Coming immediately after Strawberries, when there is a dearth of other fresh
fruit, Raspberries are equally desirable for planting in the garden for home use and
in the field for market. They are easily cultivated. Beds seldom require renewing.
Their season of ripening is long. The fruit bears transportation well, and aside from
its demand for immediate consumption, it brings highly remunerative prices for
drying and canning.

Plants in good soil and manure it from time to time freely. The hills should be
not less than four feet apart each way, with two of the plants on a hill. Cut out the
old and weak shoots each year, preserving not over six for fruiting. If the location
is much exposed and the plants inclined to kill down seriously, they may be bent over
in the fall on mounds of earth formed at one side of the hills and covered sufficiently
to keep them down until spring. Surplus suckers take strength from the bearing
plants. They should be cut away or hoed up frequently.

Raspberries may be made very profitable with good cultivation.

CLASS I—RED AND YELLOW VARIETIES.

,Brandywine—(Susqueco)—Large; bright hardiness, and the exceeding produc-
red; very firm. Valuable for market on tiveness of its choice red, rich, pure-
account of its fine shipping qualities. flavored berries. It thrives where

Cardinal—A surprise in the fullness of others fail; it will pay; it is not a

L~ its merits—its great growth, extreme novelty, but a variety of great merit.

(/_ Caroline—A seedling from
Brinkle’s Orange, combining
the peculiar melting and lus-
cious flavor of that variety
with canes of great vigor, en-
tire hardiness and extreme pro-
ductiveness. Color pale salmon;
berries large and of fine qual-
ery.
~—“Columbian—The greatest Rasp-
berry of the age. It is a seed-
ling of the Cuthbert, grown
near the Gregg, and is believed
to be a cross between the two.
It is enormously productive; of
large size and excellent quality.
Season of fruiting from July
12th to August 15th. It has
stood 28 degrees below zero
without injury; is propagated
L-COLUMBIAN from the tips, and does not

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

sucker. The color is dark red; adheres
to the stem; does not crumble in pick-
sng, and is a splendid shipper. It has
yielded over eight thousand quarts per
acre.

Cuthbert—(The Queen of the Market)—
'. Large, conical; deep rich crimson; firm,
of excellent quality. A vigorous
grower, entirely hardy and immensely
productive. ‘‘I regard it as the best
raspberry for general
Charles Downing.

Golden Queen—This variety is a seedlin

¥ of the Cuthbert, but the color of the
fruit is a rich golden-yellow. The flavor
is of the highest quality; in size equal
to Cuthbert. Immensely productive; a
very strong grower and hardy enough
for entire northern latitudes, having
stood uninjured even when the Cuth-
bert suffered.

Haymaker—The most vigorous grower of
all raspberries. Very hardy. Fruit
very large, conical; color bright red,
and very attractive; flavor superb;
delicious for table use and splendid for
eanning. It is a prodigious bearer, of
long season; fruit of fine texture; does
not drop from the bush. A _ superb
/ . shipper.
~Hansell—Medium to large, color bright
crimson; flesh firm, quality best. Canes
vigorous, entirely hardy, and very pro-
ductive. Very early.

Herbert—A Canadian seedling. Has been

_ tested at N. Y. Exp. Station and by

many large growers, all giving it very
favorable reports. In hardiness, it
easily takes first place. The cane is
very strong and vigorous, leaves large
and healthy, and has never been af-
fected by Anthracnose, or disease of
any kind. Fruit bright red, somewhat
oblong, the largest of all red raspber-
ries. Flavor, very sweet and juicy, the
very best for table use. Enormously
productive will bear twice the crop

eulture.’’—/

of either Cuthbert or Loudon, under
the same conditions. Season, 5 to 6
days before Cuthbert. Holds its size
well to the end of season.

/-Tapanese Wineberry—Strong grower and

handsome; somewhat smaller than the
red raspberries; sparkling and attrac-
tive, flavor rich, rather acid; excellent
for jelly. Deep amber.

King—Large, crimson; firm; flavor very
good; hardy. A new variety. An
abundant and early bearer.

Lcudon—Ripens with the earliest and
hangs to the last. In productiveness
it is beyond any red raspberry known,
and is a famous shipping berry. It is
as hardy as the Turner and is of su-
perior quality.

Marlboro—The best early red raspberry
for the North, ripening soon after the
Hansell. Hardy and productive.

,-Miller’s Red—Vigorous and sturdy in

cane; very early. Fruit large and pro-
fuse; beautiful and brilliant in color;
sweet, luscious flavor. Nothing in the
way of red raspberries since the advent
of the Cuthbert can be compared with
the Miller in point of value.
Philadelphia—An old market sort of
moderate size and fair quality; very
hardy and productive. Still grown

[ largely in some places.

-Reliance—A seedling from Philadelphia,
but much more valuable. Flesh firm,
quality good; canes hardy and produc-
tive. A valuable sort.

/ Royal Church—Berry large, dark crimson-

hardy, firm and of good quality. Flavor

exceedingly delicious, aromatic and
_ sprightly. Berries do not crumble in

picking, and have very few seeds.
conical, handsome;
dull red; six good berries weigh an
ounce; flavor very fine, par excellence;
a desert kind. Canes stout, support- _
ing themselves; a very heavy cropper.
Hardy.

CLASS II—BLACK CAPS

Gumberland—This new berry is a very
valuable acquisition, with its greatly
superior size it combines the equally
valuable characteristics of great firm-
ness, splendid quality and wonderful
productiveness. The plants are entirely
hardy, very vigorous and healthy, and
seem entirely unaffected by either An-
thracnose or ‘‘yellow blight.’’ In sea-
son of ripening it follows Palmer and
Souhegan, and precedes Gregg a short

- time, making it a mid-season variety.

Harhart—Strong, stocky grower, with an
abundance of stout, heavy spines; very
hardy; fruit of large size, jet black
and good quality, commencing to ripen
early and continues till frost.

“Gault Perpetual—Fruit immense size;
commences to ripen with Gregg, con-
tinuing two or three weeks longer,
when fruit on young canes commence
to ripen, continuing till frost. Young
canes frequently produce clusters of 80

{ to 100 perfect berries.

Gregg—Of good size, fine quality, very
productive and hardy. It takes the
same position among black caps as
Cuthbert among the red sorts. No one
ean afford to be without it.
ohnston’s Sweet—Smaller than _ the
Gregg, of same color. A good strong
grower, healthy and hardy, ripening
with Tyler; stands up well in picking
and handling. .

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC 39

CUMBERLAND

el
Kansas—Canes are of strong growth, very Ohio—A very strong growing hardy sort;

“ hardy and prolific, with tough, healthy,
clean foliage. Its season second early,
ripening after Souhegan, but much
earlier than Gregg. It is beyond ques-
tion, a variety of great value.

Mammoth Cluster—The largest black cap’ i
Souhegan—A new variety commended

except Gregg. Canes of strong growth
and very prolific. Berries large and of
fine quality.

unger—Excels all others in size and
productiveness—5 to 8 days later than
Gregg.

fruit nearly as large as Mammoth Clus-
ter; more productive than any other
variety, and one of the most if not the
most valuable for market.

very highly as a market sort by those
who have grown it. Said to be enor-
mously productive, perfectly hardy and
free from disease of any kind.

GOOSEBERRIES

This fruit is useful for cooking, when green or ripe, and it may be canned with
such facility that it is beginning to be cultivated very extensively for both home use

and market.

It requires the same cultivation and treatment for worms as the currant. The
worms attack the Gooseberry before the currant bushes, and if a few of the former
are set near a currant plantation, and the worms exterminated on these, there will
be little if any trouble from them on the currant bushes.

The American varieties, though not qu

, fine quality and are not subject to mildew.

“Champion—A new variety introduced 4
from Oregon, where it originated; fruit
large, round; an immense bearer, and
entirely free from mildew. One of the
best yet introduced.

( Geantanat new strong growing va-

riety of the English type. Very prom-
ising. Fruit white, of the largest size
and enormously productive. Its size,
beauty, productiveness and good qual-
ity will make it very popular with
intelligent and energetic fruit growers.

{ Columbus—A new American seedling.
Gooseberry of the English type. It is
of large size, oval in form, skin green-
ish-yellow, smooth, of fine quality.
Plant a strong, robust grower, with
large spikes of thorns. Foliage large
and glossy. Has never shown a trace
of mildew. We confidently recommend
it as one of the best of its class.

ite so large as the English sorts, are of

owning—Originated at Newburgh, N. Y.

*Fruit much larger than Houghton;

roundish, light green, with distinct
veins; skin smooth; flesh soft, juicy
and very fine flavored. Vigorous and
productive. The most valuable Amer-
ican sort.

English Gooseberries—The varieties of

English Gooseberries are almost in-
numerable. The fruit is generally large
and handsome. The best sorts are
Crown Bob and Industry (red), and
Whitesmith (green), which in favor-
able localities do extremely well.

ZGolden Prolific—A remarkably strong,

vigorous and upright grower, with
dark-green glaucous foliage. which re-
sists mildew perfectly, and persistently
hangs on until the end of the season.
The fruit is of the largest size, oblong,
good, sample measuring 1%4 inches in
length. Color golden-yellow; flavor de-
cidedly good; very productive.

~Houghton’s Seedling—A vigorous Ameri!

can sort, very productive, free from
mildew. Fruit medium, roundish,
smooth of a. pale red color; tender,
sweet and of a delicious flavor.

/Industry—This is said to be the best Eng-

lish Gooseberry yet introduced. It is
of vigorous, upright growth, a great
cropper. The berries are of the largest
size, dark red, hairy, rich and agree-
able, of fine quality and excellent flavor
New and very desirable, as it is the
largest grown. Size 1144 to 2% inches.

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

~~ Pearl—Originated by Prof. William Saun-

ders, of the Experimental Station, Ot-
tawa, Canada. It has also been thor-
oughly tested at nearly all the experi-
mental Stations in the United States
and reports are unanimous in its favor.
It is a wonderful cropper, strong
grower and free from mildew. Fruit
third larger than Downing.

Red Jacket—(Josselyn)—This new Amer-

ican Gooseberry is as large as the
largest English variety. Berry smooth;
very prolific and hardy; quality and
foliage the best.

VICTORIA

Keepsake—Color white or light yellow. (Smith’s Improved—From Vermont.

Quality as good or better than the
Industry, and more productive than
that variety.

Mountain Seedling—From Lebanon, N. Y.

Very large, oval, brownish red, with
long stalk; skin smooth, thick; flesh
sweet; strong, but a rather straggling
grower.

Large oval, light green, with bloom;
flesh moderately firm, sweet and good.
Vigorous grower.

_/ Victoria—This new gooseberry is a won-

der. It is the strongest grower the
greatest cropper, and finest flavored of
Red Gooseberries. It is superior to In-
dustry in its growth, yielding larger
crops of its delicious high flavored
fruit, which is superb in quality—and
ripens ahead of Industry. We bespeak
for its great success.

CURRANTS

Ripe just before Raspberries are gone, continuing in prime order for several
weeks, there is no more useful fruit than the currant, and is among the easiest to
cultivate.

Plant in rows four feet apart each way, if practicable. Light and air will do as
much to enhance the value of currant bushes as with other plants. Keep the ground

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES Ee. AI

mellow, free from weeds, and
in a good state of fertility,
and prune freely every spring.
Should the currant worm ap-
pear, dust a little white helle-
bore powder from a small,
coarse bag, over the bushes
when the leaves are damp. In
some instances it may be nec-
essary to repeat this process,
but the trouble and expense of
exterminating the worms is
trifling; if the powder is ap-
plied as soon as the worms
appear.

Black Champion—Bushes large,
and flavor of fruit particu-
larly delicious. It hangs
long on the bunches, and un-
like other varieties, bears
the severest pruning without
detriment.

Black Naples—Very large;
black, rich, tender, and ex-
cellent for jellies and wines;
very productive.

Cherry—Very large, deep red,
rather acid; bunches short.
Plants erect, stout, vigorous
and productive.

Crandall— Perfectly hardy,
very strong grower; adapted
to all soils, a profitable mar-
ket variety, as it keeps a
long time after being picked;
very large, averaging three
times as large as huckleber-
ries; sells at highest prices.

Fay’s Prolific—Originated in

Chautauqua County, N. Y.
A cross between Cherry and Victoria;
of large size, fine flavor and claimed
to be five times as prolific as the
Cherry. A great acquisition.

La Versaillaise—Very large, red; bunch
long, of great beauty and _ excellent
quality; one of the finest and best and
should be in every collection. Very
productive.

Lee’s Prolific Black—A new English
variety. The fruit is large and of
superior quality; the bush is a vig-
orous grower and enormously produc-
tive, rendering it very profitable.

North Star—It is claimed for this variety
that it is the best growing, the best
flavored, and the most prolific red cur-
rant.

Pomona—aA new red currant.
best.

Red Cross—A new red currant of large
size and superior quality; exceedingly
vigorous and productive, with long
fruit stems.

One of the

PERFECTION

Perfection—Originated by Chas. G
Hooker, Rochester, N. Y., a cross be-
tween I'ay’s Prolific and White Grape.
Color is a beautiful bright red. Size as
large as the Fays or larger, the clusters
averaging longer. It is the most pro-
ductive: large red currant of which we
have any knowledge. Season of ripen-
ing is about the same as that of Cherry
or Fay. Quality rich, mild, sub-acid,
plenty of pulp with few seed. Less
acid and of better quality than any
other large red currant in cultivation.
A good grower, with very large healthy
folhage. Awarded the Barry, Fifty
Dollar Gold Medal of the Western New
York Horticultural Society, July, 1901,
after three years trial. The first fruit
to receive this grand prize. Received
Highest Award given any new fruit at
The Pan-American Exposition, also re-
ceived prize at Louisiana Purchase Ex-
position, St. Lou's, 1904.

42 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

_Victoria—A splendid variety, ripening
two or three weeks later than the

others and continuing in fine condition
for a long period. Bunches extremely

long; berries of medium size, brilliant
red and of the highest quality.

White Grape—Very large, yellowish-
white, sweet or very mild acid; excel-
lent quality and valuable for the table.
The finest of the white sorts. Very dis-

tinct from White Dutch, having a low
spreading habit, and dark-green foli-

age. Very productive.
| White Imperial—New and of great value; ; , Wilder—Very large, light red, unequaled
fruit larger and stems longer than for table, canning or market; enor-
White Grape; enormously productive; mously productive; flavor delicious,
quality mild, delicious, sub-acid. mild acid,

BLACKBERRIES

This excellent and profitable fruit should be planted for garden use in rows six
feet apart, with plants four feet apart in the rows; for market, in rows eight feet

apart, with plants three feet apart in the rows. Give the plants the same cultivation

as Raspberrics.

/ Agawam—Ripens earlier than other kinds, “ Eldorado—This . remarkable berry has
and has a flavor similar and equal to been cultivated twelve years and under
the wild berry. Perfectly hardy. careful test at different experimental

stations. It has never winter-killed or
failed to produce a full crop of the

finest fruit. Vine vigorous and hardy,
enduring the winter of the far North-
west; berries sweet, melting, without
any hard core, and keeping ten days
after picking.

Ancient Briton—A new and valuable
blackberry. Perfectly hardy and very
productive. It ripens early and con-
tinues in fruiting a long time.

Blower—Originated in the celebrated
small fruit belt of Chautauqua County,
N. Y., where it has been thoroughly Erie—Very large and very hardy. A
tested for several seasons. Claimed to strong grower and great bearer, pro-
be the hardiest, most productive, the ducing larger, sweeter berries, earlier
finest quality and to bring on the mar- in ripening, than any other sort.
ket the highest price of all blackber-
ries. Has produced 2694 berries on one
bush, 2720 quarts on 1-3 acre. Large
size, jet black, good shipper, best qual-

Iceberg—This remarkable berry was orig-
inated by Luther Burbank. The fruit

ity, unexcelled productiveness are the
main characteristics of this splendid
new sort.

Early Harvest—A variety of great prom-

ise, being exceedingly early in time of
ripening and always _ reliable.
canes are strong and upright in growth,
branching stout and vigorously. Hard-
ier than Kittatinny or Lawton; an
enormous bearer. Berries sweet and of
the highest quality, though not as large
- as some varieties.

The |

Kittatinny—Large,

is not only white but so transparent
that the seeds, which are unusually

small, can be seen in the ripe berries.
The clusters are larger, and the berries

sweeter and more tender and melting
than those of the Lawton, its parent.
Is quite up to the average in hardiness
and productiveness. A great novelty.

black, sweet, soft
when black. Very hardy; ripens up
gradually like the Lawton. One of the
best, except in Northern sections.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC.

\_-Lawton—(New Rochelle)—tThe well-

}

known market variety.

“Lucretia—(Dewberry)—One of the low-

Kas

growing, trailing blackberries; in size
and quality it equals any of the tall-
growing sorts. Perfectly hardy, healthy
and remarkably productive, with large,
showy flowers. The fruit, which ripens
early, is often one and one-half inches
long, by one inch in diameter; soft,
sweet and luscious throughout, with no
hard core; ripe before late raspberries
Should be mulched to keep

berries from the ground. We highly

are gone.

recommend this variety.

Wilson’s Early, and ripens as early as
Early Harvest. Rich and luscious, melt-
ing in the mouth—no core whatever.
The canes are exceedingly prolific, very
low, stocky and strong, and free from
rust, double blossom, and all other dis-

eases,

Mercereau—-Remarkable strong grower,

upright, producing stout stocky canes.
Claimed to be the hardiest blackberry,
standing uninjured 20 degrees below
zero without protection. An enormous
producer of extra size berries which
are brilliant black and retain their
color under all conditions; extra qual-

ity; sweet, rich and melting, without

core. Unsurpassed as a shipper and
keeper. Its season is early to midsum-
mer,

Minnewaska—This valuable new berry

has the following good qualities: It is
extremely hardy, wonderfully produc-
tive, of excellent quality, being with-
out the hard core so often found in

blackberries, is very early, and con-
tinues in fruiting until very late.

xwell—It is as large or larger than

Snyder—Extremely hardy;

‘aylor’s

SL ee Western New York. A

strong erect grower with strong stem,
branching freely; will root from tip of
branches like a Raspberry. Hardy,
having endured 20 degrees below zero
and produced a good crop. Forms a
neat compact bush 4 to 5 feet high,
producing its immense fruit abun-
dantly. Fruit is sweet and luscious
without hard core, of extra high flavor,
jet black, small seeds; firm enough to
ship and handle well. Very large size, _

resembling the Wilson and fully equal
to that grand variety, with the addi-
tion of hardiness.

ane |

enormously
productive; medium size; no hard, sour
core; half as many thorns as Lawton

or Kittatinny, and they are nearly
straight and short.

Prolific—It is so extremely
hardy as to have stood 30 degrees below
zero unharmed. Berries large (nearly
as large as Kittatinny) and of
the highest quality. Canes of strong,

44 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

spreading growth, and in produc-
tiveness it is simply remarkable,
fully equaling in this respect the
Snyder, which it nearly doubles in
‘size, It ripens with Kittatinny.

\AWachusett .Thornless—Of fair size
and excellent quality. Canes
hardy, of strong, healthy growth.
It is almost free from thorns, and
fairly productive.

¢ Ward—A New Jersey wonder. Un-
doubtedly a seedling of the Kit-
tatinny, which it resembles, hav-
ing all of its qualities and none
of its defects. A healthy, strong
grower with sturdy canes produc-
ing fine large fruit, black through-
out, without core, and of excel-
lent quality. Has never suffered
from winter injury in New Jersey.
An exceedingly prolific sort, the
bushes being covered with its fine
fruit, produced as many bushels
per acre as the Wilson in its prime.

Piilson’s Early—Large, sweet, fair

- flavored; very productive. Ripens
up the fruit together, and is
earlier than any other variety.
Requires protection in some locali-
ties.

ASPARAGUS

This earliest and finest of spring vegetables is among the easiest cultivated and
most profitable. A bed once planted suffers no deterioration for thirty years or more,
if it is properly attended to and well manured.

Cultivation—See that the ground is well drained, naturally or otherwise; work
it up fine and deep, and make it very rich with well-rotted barnyard manure. Locate
the plants eight inches apart in rows three feet apart. Spread out the roots in a
trench made deep enough to permit their crowns to be covered with three or four
inches of mellow earth. Give the bed liberal dressings of manure at intervals, and
except near the seashore, three pounds of salt per square yard early every spring.
Do not cut for use until the plants have grown two seasons.

WARD

Conover’s Colossal—This variety is much and a better yielder, and more even
superior in size and quality to any and better in growth, and that it will
other, being remarkably tender and fine eventually supersede the old favorite.
flavored. The average bunches contain fifteen

shoots, measuring 1314 inches in Gir-

Palmetto—Until recently we believed cumference and weighing nearly two
that Conover’s Colossal was the best pounds. It has been tested both North
sort known, but we are now forced to and South, and has proved entirely suc-
concede that the Palmetto is earlier cessful in every instance.

RHUBARB, OR PIE PLANT

This deserves to be ranked among the best early products of the garden. It
affords the earliest material for fine pies and fresh table sauce, continues long in use,
and is valuable for canning. Make the ground rich and deep and thus secure a more
tender growth.

Early Scarlet—Rather small, but early Myatt’s Linnaeus—Large, early, tender
and good. and fine. The very best of all.

POMEGRANATES

Purple Seeded or Spanish Ruby—Large Sub-acid—Medium to large, dull red on
yellow with crimson cheek; meat pur- yellow ground; meat sub-acid, and
plish-erimson, sweet and of best qual- much esteemed in the preparation of
ity. cooling beverages.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC.

OLIVES

Picholine—Synonyms; Lechin, Coleasse,
Piquette, Saurin, Plant d’Istres, Coias,
Coiasse, etc. A variety much esteemed
in California for its rapid growth and
ly; makes excellent oil, and stands as
the best for picking.

Olives have been cultivated on the Coast
of Georgia and South Carolina for
many years, and an excellent quality of
oil has been produced. A _ peculiarity
of the olive is that it flourishes and

early bearing. The tree is also less sub-
ject to damage by insects than most
other varieties and ripens its fruit in
12 months, thus bearing a crop annual-
bears abundant crops on rocky and bar-
ren soils where no other fruit trees are
successful. Olive trees begin to bear
fruit at from 8 to 10 years of age, but
should not be planted farther North
than this section, where they are some-
times injured by excessive cold.

MULBERRIES

Downing’s Everbearing—The beau-
ty of this as a lawn or street tree
is quite enough to commend it;
but in addition it yields an abun-
dant supply of its large, refresh-
ing berries for about three
months. ‘‘I regard it as an indis-
pensable addition to every fruit

garden; and I speak what I think A EO COTA 5
when I say I had rather have one Geet e VOOLS
tree of Downing’s Everbearing CSOs hes (9)
Mulberry than a bed of Straw- aos A SNK eS <
berries.’’—Henry Ward Beecher. ee) 22) g Bie
New American—A new variet ENG ORS es)
forming a very beautiful fee Ss e) CON
p g 7 9 EAJqH aS CONG ys
very hardy and productive. Su- \ Zy/ DO
perior to Downing. V7 NOES AN are
Russian—A very hardy, rapid- Vf A\N GU aera ED
growing timber tree sb nas 7 ee (% DESe
value, especially at the West. In- i \ Ques \
troduced by the Mennonites. & Y Wieer>
Foliage abundant; and said to be i \ | =
very desirable in the culture of i)

silk worms. Fruit of good size
and produced in great abundance.

DOWNING MULBERRY

NES

For Description See Ornamental Trees

ENGLISH WALNUT

American Sweet Chestnut
Black Walnut

Butternut

English Walnut

Spanish Chestnut

Shelf Bark Hickory

SHELL BARK HICKORY

SCIONS AND STOCKS

_ We are prepared to furnish nurserymen and those about starting nurseries, with
Scions and Stocks of the very best quality and at low rates.

ORANGE

Satsuma, or Oonshiu—A seedless variety
of the Mandrin or Kid Glove class; of
dwarf habit, and has withstood a cold
of 20 degrees below freezing here.

Plants are all grafted upon Citrus Tri-
foliata, and may be said to be hardy in
this latitude. Flowers are produced
freely, but fruit does not set profusely.

46 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Ornamental Department

While most people appreciate well arranged and well kept grounds, large or small,
many fail to realize that they too can have equally fine grounds. We frequently
observe a few roses growing in thick turf, with no attention given to pruning or cul-
tivating. Under such circumstances good results cannot be expected.

Aside from the pleasure of having fine trees, shrubs, vines and flowers in the
grounds surrounding a home, few realize how much these add to the commercial value
of the place. A purchaser having to decide between a house with bare and unkept
grounds and one surrounded by fine ornamentals, invariably chooses the latter at a
marked advance in price, because he sees that he will at once enjoy what it would
otherwise take some years to secure. Sagacious-men are led by a knowledge of these
facts to plant fine trees and shrubs about vacant lots they are intending to put upon
the market. Lots thus planted readily secure purchasers at good prices when bare
grounds go begging for buyers.

HOW TO PLANT
AND
WHAT TO PLANT

Do not make the mistake of planting at random all over the grounds. A fine, well
eut lawn is one of the handsomest features of a place. Trees may be planted along a
lane or avenue leading to the house, or dotted about the lawn on lines radiating from
the house. This will secure light and air with good views from the house. Upright
shrubs and roses should be planted in beds, each class by itself, about the borders of
the grounds. These beds should be well cultivated and the plants annually pruned.
When the growth of the plants has made them very thick, some should be taken out.
It will not do to plant so little that years must elapse before a fine effect will be
produced. A surplus should be planted at first and this gradually taken out. Vines
should be planted near the house and allowed to climb upon and about it, or they may
be trained on posts, arbors or stakes, placed in suitable location on the lawn.

A detailed list of desirable ornamental trees and shrubs would be little less than
a recapitulation of our entire list; but as few have room for all, we here present a
list of the most desirable in each class, and refer the reader to the proper places in
the catalogue for descriptions of them.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 47

ias i i Horse
ing Trees, May—White Dogwood, Magnolias in variety, Judas Tree,
Cred Double Ries ain Cherry; June—white Fringe, Pores a: Arcee
Ash, Thorns in variety, Catalpa, Syringaefolia, Lindens in variety, Virgilia Lutea;
— Sweet Chestnut.
a es ee for their Form and Foliage—Cut-leaved Weeping Birch, Purple-
feaved Birch, Kilmarnock Willow, Weeping Mountain Ash, eee ee
Ash, European Weeping Ash, Camperdown Weeping Elm, erable eae aa ao
pean Linden, White-leaved Weeping Linden, Salisburea, Norway Maple, ve S ou
leaved Maple, Imperial Cut-leaved Alder, Purple-leaved Beech, Fern-leaved 5 en
Evergreen Trees—Norway cate aaa Pine, Scotch Pine, Siberian Arbor
i i merican Arbor Vitae, etc. :
bee se eee Shrubs—April— Daphne Mezereon; May—Forsythia, J apan
Quince, Double Flowering Plum, Dwarf Double Flowering Almonds, Spiraea Pruni-
folia, Lilacs in variety. Tartarian Honeysuckle, Cornus Mascula Variegata; June—
Deutzia Gracilis, Deutzia Crenata flore pleno, Viburnum Plicatum, Snowball, Wiegelia
in variety, White Fringe, Syringa, Calycanthus (at intervals through summer), Red
Dogwood ’ Herbaceous Paeonies, Spiraea Lanceolata, Tamarix Africana, Halesia,
Japan Globe Flower; July—Spirea Callosa Alba, Spiraea Callosa, _ Herbaceous
Paeonies; August and September—Althaea in variety, Hydrangea Grandiflora.
Climbing and Trailing Shrubs—Clematis in variety (flower from 4 une to Novem
ber) Ampelopsis Vietchii, American Ivy, Climbing Honeysuckle in variety (flower
all summer), Aristolochia Sypho (flower in May and June), Akebia Quinata, Wistaria.
Evergreen Shrubs—Rhododendron in variety, Mahonia, Dwarf Box.
Roses—Climbing and Moss, blooming in June; Hybrid Perpetaul and Perpetual
Moss, blooming at intervals all summer; and tender roses, blooming constantly.

,. UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS. TREES

Alder—(Alnus).

IMPERIAL CUT LEAF—
(Laciniata Imperialis)—A
charming tree of stately
graceful growth, having
large and deeply cut foli-
age. Vigorous and hardy;
one of the best lawn trees.

Apple—(Sorbus).

CHINESE DOUBLE FLOW-
ERING — (Spectabilis) —
Double white, fragrant

flowers in cluster. May.
oe CECARINUS) a. ce fs aes
/ ACUBA-LEAVED — (Acu-
baefolia)—A fine tree with
variegated gold-blotched
leaves, valuable for plant-
ing near purple trees.

EUROPEAN—(Excelsior) —
A lofty tree of rapid
growth, with spreading
head, pinnate leaves and
black buds.

EUROPEAN - FLOWERING
—(Ornus) — Grows from
20 to 30 feet high; flowers
greenish-white, fringe-like;
produced early in June in
large clusters at the ends
of the twigs.

GOLD-BARKED — (Aurea)
—A conspicuous tree at all.
times, especially in winter,
on account of the yellow
bark and twisted branches.

WILLOW-LEAVED —(Sali-
cifolia)—A beautiful vari-
ety of fine form, rapid
growth, having narrow,

CATALPA BUNGEI wavy leaves.

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

IEEE

Beech (Fagus).
EUROPEAN—(Sylvatica)—A __ beauti-
ful tree, growing to the height of 60

or 80 feet.

FERN-LEAVED—(Heterophylia) —An
elegant tree of symmetrical habit,
having beautifully cut foliage.

PURPLE-LEA VED—(Purpurea) —Dis-
covered in a German forest. An
elegant vigorous tree, growing 40 to
50 feet high. Foliage deep purple,
changing to crimson. Like all vari-
eties of the Beech, this is difficult to
transplant, hence small trees three
feet high are preferable.

Birch (Betula).
EUROPEAN WHITE—(Alba)—A fine
tree of moderate size, with silvery
bark and slender branchcs.

JAPAN CHESTNUT

PURPLE-LEAVED—(Folis Purpureis)
—A variety possessing the vigorous
habits of the species, and having the
rich purple foliage.

Catalpa.

BUNGEI—A species from China, of
dwarf habit, growing only from 3 to
5 feet high. Foliage large and
glossy. (See cut page 47.)

SPECIOSA—A variety originating in
the West; more upright and symmet-
rical in its growth than the common
Catalpa (Syringaefolia), and _ blos-
soms two or three weeks earlier.
Very valuable for timber, fence posts,
railroad ties, etc., possessing wonder-
ful durability. A very ornamental
and valuable tree.

SYRINGAEFOLIA—A native of the
South. A rapid-growing, beautiful
tree, with very large, heart-shaped
leaves and pyramidal clusters of
white and purple flowers a foot long.
Late in July.

Cherry (Cerasus).

DWARF WHITE-FLOWERING—(Hu-
milis fl. pl.)—A variety of the
Morello, with double white flowers.
Both this and the succeeding are
very ornamental.

LARGE DOUBLE-F LOW ERIN G—
(Flore alba pleno)—A variety of the
Heart Cherry, with pretty double
flowers.

TEAS’ JAPANESE HYBRID—It has
large, luxuriant foliage, and large,
handsome white
flowers. In rapid-
ity of growth, it
rivals the most
luxuriant trees of
temperate cli-
mates, while its
hardinesshas
been demonstrat-
ed by its stand-
ing uninjured
twenty-five de-
grees or more be-
low zero.
Chestnut.
AMERICAN — A
well-known forest
and nut-bearing
tree of great
value for orna-
mental purposes.
SPANISH—A _ val-
uable species for
both ornamental
and fruit. It
forms a hand-
some lawn tree and produces fruit
three or four times as large as the
American variety. Not hardy North
of Philadelphia, Pa.
NUMBO—A New Jersey seedling of
the Spanish Chestnut, and claimed
to be as hardy as the American.
JAPAN—Tree medium sized and de-
cidedly ornamental. It fruits when
very young; nuts are much larger
than the Spanish and equal to it in

flavor. Believed to be a great acqui-
sition. Not hardy North of Phila-
delphia, Pa.

Dogwood.

AMERICAN WHITE—(Florida) — A
native tree of fine form and beauti-
ful foliage, growing from 20 to 25
feet high, producing white flowers
three inches in diameter early in
spring before the leaves appear. A
very desirable tree.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 49

a RD Rn

<<”

ee LR a NF EET SD

AMERICAN ELM

RED FLOWERING — First dissemi-
nated by Thomas Meehan and con-
sidered a great acquisition.

Elm (Ulmus).

AMERICAN WHITE—(Americana)—
The noble, spreading, drooping tree
of our own woods. One of the
grandest and hardiest of park or
street trees, :

ENGLISH — (Campestres)—An erect,
lofty tree, with rather small leaves.

PURPLE—(Stricta Purpurea) — A
beautiful variety; leaves of rich pur-
ple color when young.

SCOTCH or WYCH—(Montana)—A

| fine spreading tree of rapid growth,
| foliage large.

Horse Chestnut (Aeculus).

RED-FLOWERING — (Rebicunda) —
Not so rapid or fine a grower as the
white; foliage of a deep green and
blooms later, with showy red flowers.

WHITE-FLOWERING —(Hippocas-ta-
num)—A very beautiful well-known
tree, with round, dense head, dark-
green foliage, and an abundance of
showy flowers in early spring.

Horse Chestnut, Smooth-Fruited (Pavia).

OHIO BUCKEYE—(Flava)—Has pale
green leaves and showy yellow flow-
ers. A fine small tree. A very
erooked and irregular grower.

Judas Tree, or Red Bud (Cercis).

Laburnum (Cytisus).

Larch (Larix).

Linden (Tilia).

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

SMALL BUCKEYE—(Rubra)—A
small sized tree with dark red
flowers; very crooked and irreg-
ular grower.

AMERICAN — (Canadensis) — A
small growing tree, covered with
delicate pink flowers before the
leaves appear.

GOLDEN CHAIN—Bears long,
pendant racemes of yellow flow-
ers in June, showy and beautiful.
Should be in every lawn.

EUROPEAN — (Europaea) — An
excellent, rapid-growing pyra-
midal tree; also valuable for
timber. Small branches droop-
ing.

AMERICAN — (Americana) — A
rapid-growing, beautiful native
tree, with very large leaves and
fragrant flowers.

EUROPEA N—(Europaea)--A very
fine pyramidal tree, with large
leaves and fragrant flowers.
Only desirable on large grounds.

WHITE or SILVER-LEAVED—
(Argentea)—A handsome, vigor-
ous growing tree; large leaves,
whitish on the under side, and has a
beautiful appearance when ruffled by
the wind. One of the best.

Magnolia—One of the most beautiful

species of flowering trees. Being dif-
ficult to transplant, small trees three
or four feet high are preferable.

ACUMINATA—(Cucumber Tree) — A
beautiful pyramidal growing native
species, growing to the height of
sixty or seventy feet, with large
glossy leaves; flowers yellow, tinted
with bluish purple.

CONSPICUA—(Chinese White)—Tree
of medium size and shrublike growth.
Flowers are large, pure white, very

numerous, and appear before the
leaves.

LENNEI—(Lennei’s Magnolia) — Re-
cently introduced; foliage large;

flowers dark purple, and although
not a symmetrical grower, a superb
variety.

SOULANGEANA — (Soulange’s Mag-
nolia)—A French Hybrid; a rather
irregular grower; foliage large, ¢'s-
Sy and massive; flowers very iarge,
three to five inches in diameter,
white and purple. Very effective.

MAGNOLIA
SPECIOSA—(Showy Flowering Mag-

nolia)—A good grower; tree gen-
erally round-headed and of fine form;
flowers a little smaller and of a
lighter color than those of Soulan-
geana, but being produced in won-
derful profusion, this is one of the
best varieties.

Maple (Acer).

ASH-LEAVED—(Negundo fraxinifol-
ium)--A fine, rapid-growing variety,
with handsome, light-green pinnated
foliage and spreading head. Very
hardy.

BLOOD-LEAVED JAPAN—Of dwarf
habit and rounded form; foliage five-
lobed and serrated; reddish crimson
in June. A charming variety and one
of the best of the Japanese Maples.

JAPAN MAPLE—(Acer’ Polymor-
phum)—Growth slow and _ shruby;
foliage small, five-lobed and of a
bright cheerful green in spring and
summer, changing to a lovely dark
crimson in autumn; perfectly hardy
and one of the most beautiful and
valuable of small sized trees.

NORWAY—(Plantanoides)—A native
of Europe. Its large, compact habit,
broad, deep green shining foliage,
and its vigorous growth, renders it
one of the most desirable species for
streets, parks and lawns.

‘FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. oa

JAPAN MAPLE

(ACER POLYMORPHUM

WEIR’S CUT-LEAVED — (Weirii
Laciniatum)—A Silver Maple with
remarkable and beautiful dissected
foliage. Of rapid growth; shoots
slender and drooping, giving it a
very graceful appearance. Should
be in every collection. While it
makes a large tree if undisturbed, it
will bear any amount of pruning, and
may be easily adapted to small lawns.

PURPLE-LEAVED SYCAMORE —
(Purpurea)—A strong, rapid grower;
foliage deep green on the upper sur-
face and purplish-red underneath.
Produces a fine effect with other
trees.

SCARLET—(Rubrum)—A native vari-
ety of medium size, producing deep
red blossoms before the leaves ap-
pear. In Autumn the leaves change
to a brilliant scarlet, rendering the
tree very effective.

SUGAR, or ROCK—(Saccharinum )—
The well-known native variety, val-
uable both for the production of
sugar and as an ornament in lining
unpaved streets and avenues. A
stately form and fine, rich foliage
rencer it justly popular as a shade
tree.

SCHWEDLER’S NORWAY—(Schwed-
lerii)—A beautiful variety, with the
young shoots and leaves of a bright
purplish and crimson color, which
changes to purplish green in the
older leaves. One of the most val-
uable trees of recent introduction.

SILVER-LEAVED—(A. dasycarpum)
—One of the most ornamental of the
species; the under surface of the
leaves a soft white. It is exceedingly
rapid in its growth, often making
shoots six feet long in a season; val-
uable as a street tree.

Mountain Ash (Sorbus).

EUROPEAN — (Aucuparia) — A fine
hardy tree; head dense and regular;
covered from July till winter with
large clusters of bright red berries.

OAK-LEAVED — (Quercifolia) — A
hardy tree of fine habit; height and
breadth from 20 to 30 feet; foliage
simple and deeply lobed. A very fine
lawn tree.

Oak (Quercus).

PIN—The Pin Oak is undoubtedly the
most valuable variety for all practi-
cal purposes. The foliage is dense,
finely divided, of a beautiful shining
green that colors to sparkling red
and yellow in fall. The tree is easily
transplanted and grows well on wet
or dry ground; -is in fact, the quick-
est growing of all the Oaks. As an
avenue and street tree it is un-
equaled, and it is one of the best for
park planting.

Peach (Persica).

DOUBLE ROSE-FLOWERING—(Flore
Rosea Pleno)—Flowers pale _ rose
color, double; produced in _ great
abundance and very handsome.

DOUBLE WHITE-FLOWERING —
(Flore Alba Pleno)—Very ornamen-
tal; flowers pure white; hardy.

NORWAY MAPLE

52 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Poplar (Populus).
BOLLEANA—(New) —Pyramidal
form, leaves dark green on up-
per side, brilliant silver beneath.
Very beautiful; 8 to 9 feet.

CAROLINA—Pyramidal in form
and robust in. growth; leaves
large, pale to deep green.

LOMBARDY—(Fastigiata) —Well
known for its erect, rapid
growth and commanding form;
very desirable in large grounds
and along roads to break the
average height and forms of
other trees.

SILVER-LEAVED — (Alba) — A
tree of wonderful rapid growth
and spreading habit; leaves
large, dark rich green above and
white as snow beneath.

Salisburia.

MAIDEN HAIR TREE—(Adian-
tifolia)—One of the most beau-
tiful of lawn trees. A native of
Japan. Of medium size, rapid
growth and rich, glossy, fern-
like foliage. Rare and elegant.

ORIENTAL SYCAMORE

P| oe a0
+ a oe fe
wemiitnante 44 a, pi

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CAROLINA POPLAR
Sycamore.

ORIENTAL or PLANE TREE—
As an ornamental tree for large
grounds, or as a shade tree for
street planting, this has no supe-
rior. A rapid grower, attains a
large size, and is very graceful.
Foliage heavy, and not subject
to the ravages of insects. Espe-
cially valuable for ety planting,
as it is not affected by smoke
or gas.

Thorn (Crataegus).

DOUBLE-SCARLET—(Coeeinea fi.
pl.)—Flowers deep crimson with
scarlet shade; very double and
considered larger than the dou-
ble red; fine rich foliage.

DOUBLE-WHITE—(Alba flore
pl.)—Has small double white
flowers.

PAUL’S DOUBLE SCARLET—
(Coccinea fl. pl. Plaulii)—Flow-
ers large, deep carmine scarlet.
Superior to any other variety.

Tulip Tree (Liriodendron).
TULIPIFERA—A magnificent na-
tive tree with broad, glossy,.
fiddle-shaped leaves and beauti-
ful tulip-like flowers; allied to

the Magnolias, difficult to trans-
plant unless of small size.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 53

Texas Umbrella—A very rapid growing
and spreading tree; has light colored,
fern-like foliage. Not hardy in the
Northern or Middle States.

Walnut (Jugans).

BLACK WALNUT—(J. Nigra)—A
native species of large size and ma-
jestic form; foliage beautiful, being
composed of from thirteen to seven-
teen leaflets.

JAPAN WALNUT—Japan Walnuts
are found growing wild in the moun-
tains of Northern Japan, and the
tree is, without doubt, as hardy as
an oak. The nuts which are pro-
duced in extreme abundance, grow
in clusters of 15 to 20. and have
shells thicker than the Persian Wal-
nut, but not so thick as the Black
Walnut. The meat is sweet, of the
very best quality, with flavor like
that of the butternut, but less oily
and much superior. The trees grow
with great vigor, assuming a very

handsome form; needs no pruning,
mature early, bear young, and are
more regularly productive than the
Persian Walnut. Having an abun-
dance of fibrous roots the Japanese
Walnut transplants as safely as the
apple.

BUTTERNUT or WHITE WALNUT—
(J. Cinera)—A native tree of me-
dium size, spreading head and gray-
ish-colored bark.

ENGLISH, or MADERIA NUT—(.
Regia)—A handsome tree which pro-
duces fine fruit. Should be more ex-
tensively planted as it is quite hardy.

Willow (Salix).

ROSEMARY-LEAVED — (Rosmarini-
folia)—Budded five to seven feet
from the ground, it makes a very
handsome, round-headed small tree;
branches feathery, foliage silvery.

Yellow Wood (Virgilia Lutea).
One of the finest of American trees,
resembling the Robinias, with long
racemes of white, sweet-scented
flowers in June.

WEEPING DECIDUOUS TREES

Much attention is now given to this class of trees, and we place them separately

for the convenience of our patrons.

The superior grace and beauty of the weeping

varieties render them especially adapted.to yard, lawn or cemetery. No collection
is complete without them; among ornamentals they have no superior.

Ash (Fraxinus).

EUROPEAN WEEPING — (Excelsior
Pendula)—The common well-known
sort; one of the finest lawn and arbor
trees, covering a great space and
growing rapidly.

GOLDEN BARK WEEPING—(Aurea
Pendula)—An elegant variety; bark
in winter as yellow as gold.

Beech (Fagus).

WEEPING—(Pendula)—A native of
Belgium, A fine, vigorous and beau-
tiful tree, attaining a large size;
though ungainly in appearance when
divested of its leaves, it is extremely
graceful and effective when covered
with its rich, luxuriant foliage.

Birch (Betula).

CUT-LEAVED WEEPING —(Pendula
Laciniata)—Extremely vigorous and
hardy. Mr. Scott, in his ‘‘Suburban
Home Ground,’’ says of it: ‘‘No en-

graving can do it justice; like the
palm tree of the tropics, it must be
seen in motion, swaying in the light-
est breeze, its leaves trembling in
the heated summer air, its white
bark glistening through the bright
foliage and sparkling in the sun, to
enable us to form a true impression
of its character.’’

ELEGANT WEEPING — (Elegans) —
First exhibited at the Paris Exposi-
tion in 1879, where it attracted great
attention. It has beautiful foliage
and an elegant weeping habit. It is
very desirable in grounds that admit
variety.

YOUNG’S WEEPING — (Youngii) —
Originated near Milfred, Eng., where
it was found trailing on the ground.
Grafted into stems at some height,
it forms pendulous heads, drooping
to the ground in fine thread-like
shoots; very beautiful.

54 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Cherry (Cerasus).
EVER-FLOWER-
ING WEEPING
(Semperflorens )
A Tyery. fine
drooping vari-
ety with beauti-
ful globular
head that bears
flowers and fruit
all summer,

Elm (Ulmus).

CAMPERDOWN
WEEPING —A
vigorous grower
and forms one
of the most pic-
turesque droop-
ing trees. Leaves
large, dark-green
and glossy, and
cover the tree
with a luxurious
mass of verdure;
very desirable. CAMPERDOWN WEEPING ELM

SCOTCH WEEPING—(Montana Pendula)—A vigorous growing tree with graceful
drooping branches; very distinct.
Linden, or Lime Tree (Tilia).

WHITE-LEAVED WEEPING—(Alba Pendula)—A fine tree with large leaves and
drooping branches.

Mountain Ash (Sorbus).

WEEPING—(Aucuparia
Pendula)—A beautiful
tree, with straggling,
weeping branches;
makes a fine tree for
the lawn; suitable for
covering arbors.

Teas’ Weeping Russian

Mulberry.

A weeping variety of
the now well-known
Russian Mulberry; per-
fectly hardy in sum-
mer and winter; with-
stands extreme heat
and cold, and grows
naturally in a very
graceful form.

Poplar (Populus).
LARGELEAVED
WEEPING— (Grandi-
denta Pendula)—A
variety having when
grafted standard high,
long slender branches,
like cords, which
droop very graceful-
ly; foliage large, dark
shining green, and
deeply serrated. One
of the finest weeping

trees tn cultivation. TEA’S WEEPING MULBERRY

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 55

Willow (Salix).

AMERICAN WEEP-
ING — (Purpurea
Pendula)-An Amer-
ican dwarf, slender-
branched species;
grafted five or six
feet high, it makes
one of the most or-
namental of small
weeping trees;
more hardy than
the Babylonica.

BABYLONICA
WEEPING — The
well-known ¢om-
mon weeping wil-
low.

KILMARNOCK
WEEPING — (Ca-
prea Pendula)—An
exceedingly grace-
ful tree with large,
glossy leaves; very
hardy.

WISCONSIN WEEP-
ING—Of drooping
habit and hardier
than Babylonica.
Valuable on _ ae-
count of its ability
to resistsevere cold.

BABYLONICA WEEPING WILLOW

EVERGREEN TREES

Evergreens are very desirable, but they are difficult to transplant, and both the

time and manner of transplanting should be looked to.

They should never be set in

the fall after the growth of other trees has ceased. They may be set in August, or
after they have started in May, but they should be subjected to as little exposure as

possible and be set with great care.

Arbor Vitae (Thuja).

AMERICAN—(Occidental:s)—This is
one of the very finest evergreens for
hedges. It is very hardy, and if set
at the proper time, with care and
without due exposure, it may be re-
lied upon to live, but_small plants 12
to 18 inches high, which have been
transplanted several times, are pref-
erable. It bears shearing better than
any other variety and may be made
a very beautiful and dense hedge or
screen to divide grounds or for any
purpose where it is not required to
resist cattle or other animals.

COMPACTA—A dwarf, compact vari-
ety, with a conical head; of bright
green color; perfectly hardy. A na-
tive of Japan.

PYRAMIDALIS—(New)—Of upright,
compact habit, similar to the Irish
Juniper. Very desirable.

SIBERIAN—(Siberica)—One of the
best of the genus of this country;
exceedingly hardy, keeping color well
in winter; growth compact and pyra-
midal; makes an elegant lawn tree.

TOM THUMB—-Similar to the Heath-
Leaved, but more desirable; remark-
able for slow, compact growth; valu-
able for planting in cemeteries and
small places where large trees are
not admissible.

Cedar, Red.

J. VIRGINITANA—A well-known Amer-
ican tree, with deep green foliage;
makes a fine ornamental hedge plant.

Fir.

BALSAM or SILVER—Leaves dark
green above, silvery beneath, retain-
ing their color during the severest
winter; grows rapidly and is very
hardy.

56 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

CONCOLOR—The Concolor is_ the
Queen of Firs, clothed in robes of
ermine and emerald. Its delicate,
feathery foliage and handsome
shades of coloring render this one of
the most beautiful lawn trees.

Juniper (Juniperus).

AMERICAN UPRIGHT — A remark-
able pretty little tree, with dense
upright growth and handsome fas-
tigiate form. The ends of the young
shoots have a recurving habit, which
renders the foliage quite graceful.

JRISH—(Hibernica)—Very erect and
tapering in its growth, forming a col-
umn of deep green foliage; a pretty
little tree or shrub, and for its beauty
and hardiness is a general favorite.

SCALEY-LEAVED — (Squamata) —A
very striking, hardy variety, spread-
ing widely upon the ground and form-
ing a very handsome evergreen bed.

SAVIN—(Sabina)—A low spreading
tree, with handsome, dark green
foliage; very hardy, and suitable for
lawns and cemeteries; can be pruned
to any desired shape and made very
ornamental.

SWEDISH — (Suecica) — Similar to
the Irish, though not so erect, with
yellowish-green foliage of somewhat
lighter color than the preceding

forming a beautiful pyramidal small
wees

PYRAMIDAL ABOR VIT4z

Pine (Pinus).
AUSTRIAN or BLACK—(Austriaca)—
A remarkably robust, hardy spread-
ing tree; leaves long, stiff and dark

green; growth rapid; valuable for
this country.

MUGHO (Dwarf) — Very distinct,
leaves short, stiff, a little twisted
and thickly distributed over the
branches; does not grow tall, but
spreads over the ground, generally
assuming a globular form; very
dense.

SCOTCH—(Sylvestris)—A fine, robust,
rapid-growing tree, with stout, erect
shoots and silver-green foliage.

WHITE—(Strobus)—The most orna-
mental of all our native pines; foli-
age light, delicate or silvery green;
flourishes in the poorest soils.

Retinospora.

RETINOSPORA PLUMOSA—An ex-
ceedingly handsome small evergreen
from Japan, with a feathery, light
green foliage.

RETINOSPORA PLUMOSA AUREA—
Like the preceding, a plant of great
beauty; foliage soft plume-like, of a
golden yellow color; close and com-
pact habit; should be in every ama-
teur collection.

RETINOSPORA OBTUSA NANA —
One of the finest of the family in
showy arrangement of foliage, dwarf,
dense, slow-growing habit, and depth
of color.

RETINOSPORA OBTUSA NANA
AUREA—A beautiful golden form of
above, foliage full, rich yellow, the
deepest shade of all golden ever-
greens.

RETINOSPORA ARGENTEA — The
bright green foliage is silver tipped
and mottled with creamy white.

RETINOSPORA SQUARROSA—Dense
erowth; soft beautiful silvery blue
foliage, arranged in spirals.

RETINOSPORA GRACILIS AUREA—
A graceful small tree, the fern like
young shoots of a light golden color.

Spruce (Abies).

COLORADO BLUE—(Picea Pungens)
A rare, elegant tree with foliage of
a rich blue. One of the most distinet
and striking of all the spruce family.
A free grower and perfectly hardy.

HEMLOCK or WEEPING—(Canaden-
sis)—An elegant, pyramidal tree,
with drooping branches and delicate
dark foliage like that of the Yew;
distinct from all other trees. It is a
beautiful iawn tree, and makes a
highly ornamental hedge.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 57

NORWAY— (Excelsa) __
—A_ lofty,
tree ii:
pyramidal habit, re-

Beene

PYGMAEA—A dwarf variety of the

Norway; grows from three to four

feet high; very compact.

markably elegant anc
rich, and as it gets
age, has fine, grace
ful pendulous bran-
ches; it is exceed-j{
ingly picturesque and 2
beautiful. Very pop
ular, and deservedly &
so, and should be
largely planted. One
of the —best., ever-
greens for hedges.

ERECT ENGLISH—A very fine pyra-
midal variety of the English Yew,

with dark green foliage; hardy and

desirable. Much used for hedges.

NORWAY SPRUCE

UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS

Aralia.

ALTHAA

Althea, or Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus).

The Althaeas are fine, free-growing
flowering shrubs of very easy culti-
vation. Desirable on account of flow-
ering in August and September,
when nearly every other tree or
shrub is out of bloom.

DOUBLE RED—(Rubra flore pleno).

DOUBLE PURPLE—(Purpurea flore
pleno).

DOUBLE WHITE—(Alba flore pleno).

SINGLE RED—(Rubrum).

SINGLE PURPLE—(Purpurea).

SINGLE WHITE—(Alba).

VARIEGATED-LEAVED DOUBLE-
FLOWERING—(Flore pleno fol var-
iegata)—A conspicuous variety, with
foliage finely marked with light yel-
low. Flowers double purple. One of
the finest variegated-leaved shrubs.

SPINOSA—Imported from Europe. A
very wonderful large shrub, or small
tree, which resembles the Palm. It
has dark green fern-like foliage of
enormous size and bears long pan-
icles of white flowers in August. It
has been thoroughly tested and found
perfectly hardy. Invaluable, as it
gives a tropical appearance to the
lawn.

JAPONICA—Of same family as above,

but of Japanese origin. Very prom-
ising.
Azalea.
JAPANESE—This class has larger

flowers and blooms earlier in the sea-
son than the Ghent varieties. The
colors are chiefly red and yellow and
shades of the same. They should be
planted in partial shade.

PONTICA or GHENT—Natives of Asia
Minor. Grow from 38 to 4 feet high.
The Ghent Hybrids which we offer,
combine nearly all colors and possess
a delightful perfume. They rank
next to the Rhododendrons for dec-
oration of lawns and_ pleasure
grounds. Bloom through May and
June. They must receive slight pro-
tection in the winter and should be
planted where there is partial shade
and on loose, peaty soil, where there
is abundance of moisture. In the
latitude of Philadelphia they are
perfectly hardy.

Almond (Prunus).

DOUBLE ROSE FLOWERING—(Jap-
onica rubra fl. pl.)—A beautiful small
shrub bearing in May, before the
leaves appear; small, double rose-like
flowers closely set upon the twigs.

DOUBLE WHITE FLOWERING—
(Japonica alba fl. pl.)—Produces
beautiful white flowers in May.

58 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

BRANCH OF BECHTEL’S DOUBLE-FLOWERING CRAB

Barberry (Berberis).

PURPLE-LEAVED — (Purpurea) — A
very handsome shrub, growing from
three to four feet high, with violet
purple leaves and fruit. Makes a fine
ornamental hedge.

EUROPEA N—(Vulgaris)—A fine shrub
with yellow flowers in drooping ra-
cemes produced in May or June,
followed with orange-scarlet fruit.

THUNBERGII—A native of Japan. A
pretty species, of dwarf habit, small
foliage, changing to a _ beautiful
coppery-red in autumn. Valuable as
an ornamental hedge.

Calycanthus, or Sweet-Scented Shrub
(Calycanthe).

The wood is fragrant, foliage rich, flow-
ers of rare chocolate color, having’ a
peculiarly agreeable odor. Flowers
in June and at intervals afterward.

Ciethra.

ALNIFOLIA—(White Alder)—A na-
tive shrub of low and dense growth;
leaves abundant and light green; has
numerous spikes of small, white fra-
grant flowers. Blooms abundantly in
July.

Crab.

BECHTEL’S DOUBLE-FLOWERING
AMERICAN CRAB—(Pyrus Augus-
tifolia)—-A medium-sized, hardy or-
namental tree of great beauty. When
in bloom this tree presents the ap-
pearance of being covered with roses,
scenting the atmosphere for a long
distance with a perfume equal to
that of any rose. Unlike many other
trees, it does not bloom until the
leaves are fully developed, which
adds greatly to its beauty. See eut—

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 59
a

Currant (Ribes).

CRIMSON FLOWERING—Produces an
abundance of crimson flowers in early
spring.

YELLOW FLOWERING—A native
species with yellow flowers.

Daisy.

SHASTA—Probably no hardy plant has
been so highly spoken of in American
Horticultural Press as this produc-
tion of Luther Burbank, the result
of crossing our native field Daisy
with some of the choicer European
varieties, and bearing beautiful clear,
glistening white flowers, and bloom
ing continuously from early summer
until late fall; perfectly hardy with-
out protection, even in the most ex-
posed location.

Daphne.

COMMON MEZEREON—A native of
Northern Europe. Small, branches
erect, with clusters of pink flowers
in March. The earliest flowering
shrub we have.

WHITE—(Alba)—A variety with white
flowers.

Deutzia.

This valuable species of plants comes
to us from Japan. Their hardiness,
luxuriant foliage and profusion of
attractive flowers render them de-
servedly among the most popular of
flowering shrubs. The flowers are
produced in June in racemes four to
six inches long.

LEMOINETI—A hybrid obtained by
Mons. Lemoine, of France, by cross-
ing the well-known Deutzia Gracilis
with Deutzia Parviflora. - Flowers
pure white, borne on stout branches
which are of upright growth. Habit
dwarf and free-flowering. A decided
acquisition,

CRENATA — (Double-flowering, flore
pleno)—F lowers double white, tinged
with rose. One of the most desirable
flowering shrubs in cultivation.

GRACILIS—(Slender Branched) —A
charming variety introduced by Dr.
Siebold. Flowers pure white and so
delicate that they are very desirable
for decorative purposes.

PRIDE OF ROCHESTER—A new va-
riety raised from Deutzia Crenata,
and exceeding all others in size of
flowers, length of panicle, profuse-
ness of bloom and vigorous habit; a
charming acquisition to the list of
Deutzias.

SCABRA — (Rough-Leaved) — An ex-
ceedingly profuse white flowering
shrub.

SHASTA DAISY >

Dogwood (Cornus).

RED BRANCHED — (Sanguinea) —A
native species, very conspicuous and
ornamental in the winter, when the
bark is a blood red.

VARIEGATED CORNELIAN CHER-
RY—(Cornus Mascula Variegata)—
A small tree or shrub producing clus-
ters of bright yellow flowers early
in spring before the leaves appear.
Has beautiful foliage, variegated
with white. Decidedly the prettiest

variegated shrub in cultivation.

\
\
\ \,,

SN Lup RS

2 DNase) S&S
CORNUS-ELEGANTISSIMA VAR.

ELEGANTISSIMA VARIEGATA—An
improvement on the preceding, and
one of the finest variegated shrubs;
of rapid growth, foliage beautifully
marked with creamy white and
tinged with red, while some leaves
are entirely white; should be in every
collection.

60 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Elder (Sambucus).

A well-known shrub,
which blossoms in
spring and afterward is
covered with handsome
berries; there are sev-
eral varieties.

GOLDEN—(S. Aurea)—
A beautiful variety
with light yellow leaves,
which hold their color
well and render the
plant very conspicuous
and effective.

Euonymus—(Burning Bush
or strawberry tree)—
A very ornamental and
showy bush, whose chief
beauty consists in its
brilliant berries, which
hang in clusters from |
the branches until mid- |
winter; berries rose-
colored; planted with a
background of Ever-
greens the effect of
contrast is very fine.

Elaeagnus Longipes.

A well-known shrub of
spreading habit, dark
green foliage, silvery-
white beneath, with
yellow flowers and
bright red fruit that is
beautiful as an orna-
ment on the bush and
is esteemed very highly
by many for use in
place of cranberries. cS,
Within the last few So “
years there have been PURPLE FRIN
many thousand plants imported from
Europe, the demand having far ex-
ceeded the supply of American W HITE—(Chinonanthus Virginica)—

ges eR TE NRA RAR A

SOTERA
:

i
| i

ANTON EU Sit An entirely different plant from the
Filbert. preceding; has handsome, large foli-
PURPLE-LEA VED—(Corylus avellana age and racemes of delicate white
atropurpurea)—A vigorous shrub, flowers that hang like finely-cut

with large, deep purple leaves; very
ornamental; produces good fruit.

Forsythia, or Golden Bell (Forsythie

shreds or fringes of white paper.

Viridissima). Globe Flower (Kerria Japonica).

A very singular and quite ornamental A slender green-branched shrub, five or
shrub. Its branches in the early six feet high, with globular yellow
spring before the leaves appear, are flowers from July to October.

covered with bright golden yellow

pendulous flowers.
Golden Glow Flower, Summer Chrysan-

themum—(Rudbeckia Laciniata).
A hardy perennial plant, growing eight

Fringe.

PURPLE or SMOKE TREE—A very
elegant and ornamental large shrub,

with curious, hair-like flowers, which, feet high, branching freely and bear-

being a pinkish brown color, give it ing by the hundreds, on long grace-
(a4 +

the names, “‘Purple Fringe and ful stems, exquisite double blossoms

‘Smoke Tree.’’ The blossoms are in ;
July, sometimes literally covering of the brightest golden color and as

the tree and remaining all summer. large as the Cactus Dahlia.

PRUELTAND ORNAMENTAL ‘TREES, ETC. 61

Halesia (Snow Drop Tree).

SILVER BELL—A beautiful large
shrub, with handsome white bell-
shaped flowers in May. Very desir-
able.

Honeysuckle (Lonicera).

RED TARTARIAN—A beautiful shrub;
vigorous and producing large bright-
red flowers striped with white, in
June.

WHITE TARTARIAN—A large shrub
having white flowers, in May and
June.

Hydrangea.
ARBORESCENS STERILIS -(Hills of

Snow)—This superb new Hydrangea
is a variety of the hardy native spe-
cies H. arborescens, commonly found
‘“wild’’ in most of the states east of
the Mississippi river. The sterilis is
likewise absolutely hardy and _ is,
moreover, of easy culture and is an
exceedingly prolific bloomer. A five
year old plant has produced one hun-
dred and twenty-six perfect blooms
at one time.

HYDRANGEA ARBORESCENS STERILIS

FRAGRANTISSIM A—AImost an ever-
green; a hardy, vigorous bushy-grow-
ing shrub, reaching a height of five
or six feet; flowers bright-red and
exquisitely fragrant; foliage dark
rich green, which is retained in all
its beauty until spring, when flowers
and néw foliage appears. A great
acquisition.

Hop Tree, or Shrubby Trefoil (Ptelea).

A large shrub, or small tree, of rapid
growth and robust habit. Fruit
winged and in clusters. Flowers in
June.

OTAKSA—Foliage a beautiful deep-

green. Produces immense clusters of
rose-colored flowers in profusion, in
July. Should be planted in tubs.

PANICULATA GRANDIFLORA —A

fine, hardy shrub, growing to the
height of eight or ten feet; flower
white, in great pyramidal panicles a
foot long, produced in August or
September, when most other shrubs
are out of bloom.

RED-BRANCHED — The highest au-

thorities pronounce it the grandest
plant for the house or verandas that
has ever been introduced. The wood
is distinct red and the flowers pink,
of great beauty and immense size.

62 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

THOMAS HOGG—A half-hardy variety
of great beauty; flowers pure white,
produced from July to September.
Requires some winter protection.

TREE FORM HYDRANGEA—The Hy-
drangea Paniculata Grandiflora is one
of the very finest of hardy shrubs,
but when grown in standard or tree
shape it is especially showy and
striking. It forms a graceful and
dwarfish tree, not reaching more than
eight to ten feet in height, and is ex-
tremely effective for lawn decora-
tions, whether standing singly or in
masses. The immense trusses of bloom
appear at just the time when other
flowers are scarce, and last from the
first of August until frost comes. It
is entirely hardy and very easy to
grow.

Japan Maple.
Very beautiful and very expensive.
BLOOD-LEAVED—A bushy shrub with
deep cut leaves. The young growth
is of a very brilliant crimson. One
of the best.

GOLDEN-LEAVED—A beautiful va-
riety. Foliage richly shaded with
gold and green.

RED-LEAVED—An interesting vari-
ety. The young growth is of a deep
red, changing to a brilliant green.

ROSE PINKED LEAVED—A slow
grower, with small leaves margined
with rosy pink; distinct and beauti-
ful.

Lilac (Syringa).

FRAU DAMMANN—This is the best
white lilac grown. The panicle or
truss is immense, flowers of medium
size and pure white. This and Lud-
wig Spaeth are the two best lilacs of
recent introduction.

LUDWIG SPAETH—New, and _ be-
lieved to be the finest of its class.
Color purplish red. A great acquisi-
tion.

MARIE LE GRAYE—A free grower,
producing magnificent large trusses
of purest white flowers, which are
very fragrant and showy. Highly
recommended as perhaps the best of
the white lilacs.

MADAME LEMOINE—New and very
promising. Flowers double white.

PERSIAN, PURPLE or WHITE—Fo-
liage resembles the Privet more than
the lilac. Flowers are most abundant.

PURPLE COMMON—(Vulgaris)—The
well-known sort.

RED—Rubra Insignus)—New and one
of the choicest of its color.

FRAU DAMMANN
WHITE, LARGE FLOWERING—(AI-

ba Grandiflora)—Very large;
white tufts of flowers.

VILLOSA or TREE—A remarkable new
species from Japan, becoming a good-
sized tree; foliage dark-green, glossy;
flowers small, feathery, but formed
in great panicles, often 18 inches
long; very light straw color; blooms
a month later than other lilacs.

WEEPING—New—A beautiful weep-
ing tree; produces large clusters of
beautiful, intensely sweet flowers. A
great acquisition.

Plum (Prunus).

DOUBLE FLOWERING—(P. Triloba)
—A very desirable shrub, introduced
from Japan. Flowers semi-double, of
delicate pink, upwards of an inch in
diameter, thickly set; hardy; flowers
in May.

PRUNUS PISSARDII—tThe tree is a
decided contrast in itself. The leaves,
as they first appear, on the tips are
a beautiful orange color, and they
mature to a rich purple, clear and
distinet, growing darker as the sea-
son advances. The leaves remain
until late in the fall—a decided con-
trast to other shrubs.

pure

Privet.

BOX-LEAVED—A variety of erect
habit, with short, dark, thick green
leaves, which remain on the plant
until very late in the autumn, One
of the best for the lawn.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 63

LAUREL-LEAVED—Leaves are larg-
est of any of this class; distinct and
fine.

CALIFORNIA—A vigorous, hardy va-
riety of fine habit and foliage, espec-
ially valuable for hedges where pro-
tection against cattle is not essential.

Quince, Japan (Cydonia).

SCARLET—Has bright scarlet crimson
flowers in great profusion, early in
spring. One of the best hardy
shrubs; makes a _ beautiful orna-
mental hedge.

BLUSH—A beautiful variety with
white and blush flower.

Snowball (Viburnum).

COMMON—(V. opulus)—A well-known
favorite shrub of large size, with
globular clusters of pure white flow-
ers in the latter part of May.

JAPANESE—(Virburnum Plicatum)—
From North China; has very rich
deep green foliage, of handsome form
and beautiful globular heads of pure
white flowers, quite distinct from
those of the common sort. A very
desirable shrub.

TREE SNOWBALL—(Viburnum Opu-
lus)—This is the old fashioned and
very showy Snowball grown in tree
form and is one of the best early
bloomers. It is very conspicuous and
attractive in tree form and far more
handsome than the bush form. This
is the first time this grand old favor-
ite has been offered in tree form,
and we recommend it as a novelty;
worthy of a place everywhere.

Spiraea.

ANTHONY WATERER—This beauti-
ful variety has the same habits as its
parent, the Bumalda. It blooms
about the close of June, continuing
throughout the entire season. It is
useful for edging, planting in masses
or a single specimen, where a low,
bushy shrub is required.

BILLA RDI—(Billard’s Spirea)—
Rose-colored; blooms nearly all sum-
mer.

BLUE SPIREA—(Caryopteris Masto-
canthus)—A fine, low-growing shrub,
from China, growing from 2 to 3
feet; blooms during entire season
and until late in the fall; flowers of
the most pleasing rich lavender blue.
A great acquisition.

BUMALDA—New, and considered one
of the finest of this class. Flowers
brilliant pink, with variegated foli-

age.
CALLOSA ALBA—A white flowering

variety of dwarf habit; very fine;
remains in flower all summer.

GOLDEN-LEAVED—(Foliis Aureis) —
A beautiful dwarf plant with golden-
yellow foliage. It keeps its color the
entire season, and creates a very
pleasing effect among other shrubs.

PRUNIFOLIA FLORE PLENO—A
beautiful shrub from Japan, with
double white flowers in May.

REEVESII, or LANCE-LEAVED—A
charming shrub, with narrow-pointed
leaves and large, round clusters of
white flowers that covers the whole
plant.

| ee |

SPIRZA VAN HOUTTEI

VAN HOUTTEI—(S. Van Houtteii)—
The most showy of all the Spiraeas,
and one of the very best flowering
shrubs in cultivation. The plant is
a rather tall, upright grower, with
long, slender branches that droop
gracefully with their weight of
foliage and flowers. Flowers pure
white, in great clusters and whorls,
forming cylindrical plumes two or
three feet long. This is one of the

hardiest of all the Spiraeas. See
eut—
Strawberry Tree. (See Euonymus).
Syringa.

MOCK ORANGE—(Philadelphia cor-
onarius)—A well-known very hardy
shrub, with showy white flowers,
which are very fragrant.

LARGE FLOWERING—(E. Grandi-
florus)—Large, showy flowers. A
valuable variety.

GOLDEN-LEAVED—(P. Foliis Aureis)
A beautiful new variety with bright
yellow foliage, which affords pretty
contrasts with other shrubs, espec-
ially with the purple-leaved variety.

64 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

SYRINGA

PURPUREA MACULATA —This is a
glorious sterling novelty of the pop-
ular Mock Orange. It is notable in
having a blotch of purple at the base
of each petal, forming a ring of pur-
ple around the center of each flower
making it an exceedingly distinct
variety. In habit- itis trim and com-
pact. Awarded First Class Certifi-
cate by the London Royal Horticul-
tural Society.

VARIEGATED—A magnificent new
variety, with beautiful foliage, some-
what similar to the Variegated
Althaea. Very rare as yet; a great
acquisition.

Weigela (Diervilla).

AMABILIS, or SPLENDENS—Of ro-
bust habit, large foliage and pink
flowers. Blooms freely in Autumn;
a great acquisition.

CANDIDA—Thought by some to be the
best of all. Of vigorous habit, an
erect grower; flowers pure white,
produced in great profusion in June,
the plants continuing in bloom
through the summer.

DESBOISII—A beautiful variety with
deep rose-colored flowers resembling
Roses, but much darker.

EVA RATHKE—New. A remarkably
free bloomer. Very distinct color,
being a rich red, quite different from
anything heretofore offered.

FLORIBUNDA—(Crimson Weigela)—
The flowers are dark crimson, with
white stamens projecting from them
reminding one somewhat of Fuschia
flowers. It blooms in the spring with
other Weigelas, but if plants are
topped off after young growth has
been made, they bloom profusely in
the fall. One of the best.

HORTENSIS NIVEA—Flowers pure
white, retaining their purity during
the whole time of flowering; foliage
large.

ROSEA—An elegant shrub with fine
rose-colored flowers. Introduced from
China by Mr. Fortune, and consid-
ered one of the finest plants he has
discovered. Quite hardy; blooms in
May.

VARIEGATED-LEAVED—(Fol Varie-
gata)—Leaves bordered with yellow-
ish-white, finely marked; flowers
bright pink.

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WEIGELIA, VAR. LEAVED

EVERGREEN SHRUBS

Ashberry (Mahonia).

HOLLY-LEAVED — (Aquifolia) — A
most beautiful shrub, with glossy,
holly-like leaves, which change to
brownish-green in winter, with clus-
ters of bright, yellow flowers in May.

Box (Buxus).

DWARF — (Suffruticosa) — The well-
known variety for hedge.

TREE BOX—Several sorts.

Euonymus.

RADICANS VARIEGATA—A charm-
ing shrub of dwarf and trailing
habit; it is perfectly hardy and has.
foliage beautifully variegated with
silvery white tinted with red in the
winter. Unsurpassed for edging.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 65

LLL

Rhododendron—In variety.

These are the most magnificent of all
evergreen shrubs, with rich, green
foliage and superb clusters of showy
flowers. They require a peaty soil,
free from lime, and a somewhat
shaded situation; they do best near
the seashore and will repay all the

care that may be bestowed in pre-
paring a bed suited to their wants.

Thorn, Evergreen—(Crataegus Pyracan-
tha)—The Evergreen Thorn is a low,
bushy shrub, compact, dwarf habit,
retaining its foliage well. Bears
orange-scarlet berries; makes a pretty
hedge.

HARDY CLIMBING SHRUBS

Ampelopsis.

AMERICAN IVY, or VIRGINIA
CREEPER (A. Quinquefolia)—A na-
tive vine of rapid growth, with large,
luxuriant foliage, which in Autumn
assumes the most gorgeous crimson
and purple coloring.

A. VEITCHII—(Veitchi’s Ampelopsis)
—Japan. Leaves a trifle smaller and
more ivy like in form than the pre-
ceeding. Overlapping each other they
form a dense sheet of green. It grows
rapidly and clings to the surface of
even a painted brick wall with great
tenacity. The foliage is especially
handsome in summer and changes to
a scarlet crimson in autumn. For cov-
ering walls, stumps of trees, rocks,

DUTCHMAN’S PIP

Aristolochia, or Dutchman’s Pipe.
SIPHO—A rapid growing vine, with
magnificent foliage, ten to twelve
inches in diameter, and curious pipe-
shaped, yellowish-brown flowers.

Hydrangea, Climbing.

A handsome, rapid-growing vine with
almost the characteristic in flower
and foliage of the Hydrangea Pani-
culata. It clings with tenacity to
any object by which it may be
planted and attains a height of fifty
feet; has large white flowers.

Honeysuckle (Lonicera).

CHINESE TWINING—(Japonica)—A
well-known vine, holding its foliage
nearly all winter. Blooms in July
and September and is very sweet.

HALL’S JAPAN — (Halleana) —A
strong vigorous evergreen variety,
with pure white flowers, changing to
yellow. Very fragrant, covered with
flowers from June to November.

JAPAN GOLDEN-LEAVED — (Aurea
reticulata) —A handsome variety,
having foliage beautifully netted or
variegated with yellow.

MONTHLY FRAGRANT—(Belgica)—
Blooms all summer. Flowers red and
yellow. Very sweet.

SCARLET TRUMPET--(Sempervirens)
A strong grower and produces sear-
let, inodorous flowers all summer.

Ivy.

COMMON ENGLISH—(Hedera Helix)
The Ivy, being an evergreen, not
very hardy, and suffering from ex-
posure to the winter sun, should be
planted on the north side of build-
ings or walls. It is very effective
grown in pots for inside decoration.

Matrimony Vine.

A vigorous hardy climber. It will
soon cover any desired space. It has
dark green foliage and beautiful
flowers and loads of small berries,
which are seen in all parts of the
country at Christmas time.

Trumpet Vine—(Bignonia Radicans)—A
splendid climber and hardy, with
clusters of large trumpet-shaped,
scarlet flowers in August.

Wistaria.

CHINESE PURPLE — (Sinensis) — A
most beautiful climber of rapid growth
and producing long, pendulous clusters
of pale blue flowers. When well estab-
lished, makes an enormous growth; it
is very hardy and one of the most
superb vines ever introduced.

CHINESE WHITE—(Sinensis Alba)—
Introduced by Mr. Fortune, from
China, and regarded as one of his
greatest acquisitions. Rather tender.

66 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

CLEMATIS OR VIRGIN’S BOWER

None among hardy perennials exceed in beauty and effectiveness the finer sorts

of Clematis.

As a climber for the veranda, a screen for fences, for pillars along

garden walks, for training on walls or arbors, in masses on rockwork, or cultivation
in pots, it has no rival among strong-growing blossoming plants. The Clematis should
be grown in rich, deep, sandy loam, and be well mulched with rotten manure in winter.
The richest sheets of bloom and largest flowers are obtained where it has partial
shade and a liberal supply of water at the roots.

CLEMATIS JACKMANNI
Coccinea—Distinct from other varieties;

bright coral scarlet flowers.
October.

Crispa—A handsome native variety, with
nodding, bell-shaped lavender purple
fragrant flowers, which are an inch
or a little more in length and breadth
with revolute sepals; very distinct.

Paniculata—A native of Japan. A beau-
tiful and rapid growing climber,
which in a very brief time will cover
any ordinary veranda. The flowers
are small, pure white and delightfully
fragrant, and are borne in enormous
masses, almost concealing the foliage.
Entirely free from blight and re-
garded as a great acquisition.

July to

LARGE FLOWERING.

Alexandra—This is one of the continuous
blooming sorts of real merit. The
flowers are large and of a pale red-
dish-violet color. Desirable. July to
October.

Baron Veillard—(New)—Flowers large
and very abundant; a handsome rose
color. One of the best of its class.

Duchess of Edinburg—This is one of the
best of the double white varieties.
The flowers are pure white, four
inches across; very deep. They are
also remarkably sweet scented.

Fair Rosamond—Free growing and hand-
some. The flower is fully six inches
across; the color is white with a
bluish cast, having a light wine-red
bar up the center of each sepal.
Flowers very fragrant.

Gem—A new and perpetual-blooming va-
riety. The flowers are of a deep lav-
ender blue. June to October.

Henryii—This is the finest of all white
Clematis and should find a place in
every collection. It is not only a
vigorous grower, it is a remarkably
free and continuous bloomer, begin-
ning with the earliest and holding on
with the latest. Flowers large, of a
beautiful creamy white, with reddish-
chocolate anthers. June to October.

Jackmanni—This is, perhaps, the best-
known of the fine perpetual Clematis,
and should have eredit for the great
popularity now attending this family
of beautiful climbers. The plant is
free in its form of growth and an
abundant and _ successful bloomer,
producing flowers until frozen up.
The flowers are large, of an intense
violet-purple, remarkable for its vel-
vety richness. Jackmanni has no |
superior and very few, if any equals. |
July to October.

John Gould Veitch—Sent from Japan in
1862. The flowers are very hand- ,
some, distinct, large, double, and of
light blue or lavender color. June.

Kermessina Splendida—This is the most
profuse bloomer of all the Clematis,
commencing in early summer and
continuing through the season; liter-
ally covered with scarlet crimson |
flowers. Not subject to blight, and |
is a vigorous grower.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 67

Languinosa Candida—A variety of the
above, having large delicately-tinted
grayish-white flowers, which become
white after the flowers are fully ex-
panded. One of the best. July to
October.

Lawsoniana—One of the finest of all; a
vigorous grower and _ continuous
bloomer. The flowers are very large,
often nine inches in diameter. Open-
ing a rich glistening, rosy purple,
they gradually change to a mauve
purple. June to October.

Lucie Lemonie—New. Flowers white,
double, large and well formed; com-
posed of 75 to 90 petals; very showy.
June.

Madam Edouard Andre—First seen in
this country at the World’s Fair, at
Chicago; flowers large, abundant and
a beautiful crimson purple. Beyond
doubt the finest of its class.

Miss Bateman—One of the most charm-
| ing of the spring flowering hybrids,
having large white flowers with
chocolate-red anthers and somewhat |
fragrant. May and June.

_ Prince of Wales—This is one of the very

| profuse flowering varieties of vigor-

ous habit; showy and free. The flow- Star of India—A very showy, very free

CLEMATISP ANICULATA

ers are of a deep purple, with a red flowering sort, with large flowers;
bar in the center of each flower leaf. first of a reddish plum color, chang-

Ramona—Said to be an American seed- ing to a violet purple, with turkey
ling of the Jackmanni type, one of red bar in the center of each flower
the strongest growers; flowers lav- leaf. A distinct variety of great
ender blue, similar to the Gem. merit. July to October.

BULBOUS AND TUBEROUS ROOTED PLANTS

The ease with which bulbous-rooted plants are cultivated is no small thing in
their favor. While seeds of annuals often fail to come up, or when, after growing,
the plants die in transplanting. or are otherwise checked in their growth, and while
bedding plants are frequently discouraged by the change from the hot house to the
border—while shrubs require frequent pruning, trimming and constant watching and
training to keep them in proper condition for blooming, a bulb only requires to be
put in the ground at the proper time and place, and it will afterwards take care of
itself, abundantly rewarding the grower for affording it an opportunity to become
‘‘a thing of beauty,’’ and consequently ‘‘a joy forever.’’

Early in the spring, usually by March 1st, we see the Snow Drop and Crocus
forcing themselves through the still frozen ground. These are followed in quick
succession by Crown Imperials, Hyacinths and Tulips, all of which will be in flower
long before it is generally considered time to ‘‘make garden.’’ As there is not a
week through the season that there is not the natural flowering time for some of this
class of plants, a bed planted with them alone would never be out of bloom from early
spring till the autumnal frosts, and with a little attention at the time of planting, a
succession of the most gorgeous flowers can be had through the entire season.

.|| FOR FALL PLANTING
il

/Anemones, Colchicum, Spring and Autumnal flowering. Crocus, named or mixed.
Crown Imperials. Iris, (Fleur de Lis). Jonquils. Lilies—(See Bulbs for spring
planting). Ranunclus. Snow Drops.—Double and Single.

FOR SPRING PLANTING

Caladium Esculentum. Dahlias. Day Lily (Funkia). Gladiolus. Lily, Auratum—
(Gold Banded Lily). lLancifolium Album—(White Japan). Lancifolium
Rubrum—Red Japan). Lily, Lancifolium Roseum—(Rose Japan). Candidum
—(Common White Lily). Lily of the Valley. Madeira Vine. Trigridi—(Tiger
Flower). Tritoma—(Red Hot Poker). Tuberoses.

68 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

PAEONIES
A SPLENDID CLASS OF SHRUBS, flowering in all shades, from red and lilac

to white, with blooms from four to eight inches in diameter.

Many of them are very

double and have a delicate and refreshing fragrance; they are easily cultivated and

require but little protection.

CLASS I—PAEONIA MOUTAN TREE PAEONIAS

Alba Plena—Double white, shaded with
purple at the center.

Banksii—(Chinese Double Blush Paeony)
—Very large, fragrant flowers; rosy
blush with purple center. One of
the finest.

Moutan—The parent species is a native
of China. The varieties are hand-

some flowering shrubs, attaining
from six to eight feet in height, in
about ten years, with proper care.
The flowers are remarkably striking,
of gorgeous colors, very numerous
and enormous in size, often measur-
ing from six to nine inches across,
and appearing in May.

CLASS II—CHINESE HERBACEOUS PAEONIES

These are beautiful, showy, and easily
cultivated plants, blooming from the be-
ginning of May till the end of July.
They should be placed in every garden.
A selection will give a continuous bloom
for three months. We offer the best sorts
varying from pure white, pink, rose, dark
red, purple and deep crimson.

Fringed Leaved Paeonies—(Paeony Ten-
fil. pl.)—Foliage a _ bright
lively green, in long thread-like fila-
ments, giving it the appearance of
fringe. Scarlet crimson;
variety; perfectly hardy.

uifolia,

a choice

ANEMONE JAPONICA (Wind Flower)

Red Flowering—A distinct and beautiful
species; flowers 214 inches in diam-
eter, bright purplish rose, with golden
yellow centers, borne in great pro-
fusion from September to November.
Height 2% feet; habit neat and com-
pact; very desirable and effective as
a pot plant, and in lines or masses
in beds or mixed borders.

White Flowering—A distinct and beauti-
ful variety of the preceding; flowers
21% inches in diameter, pure white,
center golden yellow, borne in great
profusion from September to Novem-
ber. -

Whirlwind, Double White Flowering—
New and. beautiful, with ragged
edges.

CANNA, CROCUS, DAHLIAS, ETC.

CANNA.

Stately and highly ornamental plants,
for both flowers and foliage. They
attain a height of 2 to 5 feet, and
may be grown single or in masses.
Leaves green or brownish red; flow-
ers scarlet, crimson, yellow, cream,
etce., variously marked.

CROCUS—A universal favorite and one
of the earliest garden ornaments;
should be planted about two inches
deep. Color, blue, white, yellow and
striped.

DAHLIAS—There is nothing that, with
the same amount of money invested,
will give more show of flowers than
Dahlias. We offer dry bulbs or
tubers.

GLADIOLUS—The Gladiolus is the most
attractive of all the summer flower-
ing bulbs, and deserves a place in
every garden, as it is sure to flower
and do weli with very little care.
Set the bulbs from 6 to 9 inches
apart, and about 4 inches deep. Plant
from middle of March to first of June.

HYACINTHS.

The most beautiful and fragrant of
early spring flowering bulbs, much
used for winter forcing.

IRIS (German).

The true ‘‘Fleur de Lis,’’ the na-
tional flower of France. They are
perfectly hardy. Plants well estab-
lished produce from 50 to 100 spikes
of bloom, deliciously fragrant and
fine for cutting. In beauty the flow-
ers rival the finest Orchids.

‘Kaemferii (Japan).

Finest of all the Iris family. The
flowers are of immense size, from 6
to 8 inches in diameter, and of the
most beautiful and delicate shades.
They are perfectly hardy, and flower
in great profusion during June and
July. The Iris thrives best if planted
in moist soil.

JONQUILS (Narcissus Jonquils).
Pretty varieties of the Narcissus,
having a very agreeable fragrance;
adapted to either pots or outdoor cul- |
ture. The bulbs being small, six or
eight may be put in a 6-inch pot.

LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY.
This is as hardy as any plant can
possibly be, and when planted in the »
open ground will increase rapidly.
We can ship either in the spring or |

autumn.

res a

Tulips—Without these

bulbs, for one or two
months of beautiful
spring weather, our
gardens would present
a bare appearance.
We know of nothing
that for the money
invested will give a
more gorgeous show
during early spring
and there is nothing
more -easily grown
than the Tulip. Should
be planted in October

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 69

or November.

LILIUM LONGIFLORUM

LILIES (Lilium)

No class of plants capable of being cultivated out of doors possesses so many
charms; rich and varied in color, stately and handsome in habit, profuse in variety,
and of delicious fragrance. They thrive best in dry, rich soil, where water will not
stand in winter. After planting they require very little care, and should not be
disturbed for several years. Established plants bloom more freely than if taken up

annually.

Auratum—(Gold Banded Lily of Japan)
—Flowers very large, of a delicate
ivory white color, thickly dotted
with rich chocolate crimson spots,
with a bright golden band through
the center of each petal. The finest
of all lilies.

Candidum—tThe old-fashioned pure white
garden lily. One of the hardiest.

Harrisii—(The Bermuda Easter Lily)—
Flowers large, trumpet shaped, pure
waxy white, gracefully formed and
delightfully fragrant. The ease with
which it can be forced into flower in
winter has made it wonderfully pop-
ular as a winter flower.

HEDGE

Longiflorum—A well known and beautiful
variety, with snow-white trumpet-
shaped flowers that are very fra-
grant, quite hardy and blooms freely
in the open ground in June and July.

Tiger Lily—Bright orange scarlet with
dark spots; a strong growing, showy
variety, and entirely hardy. Suce-
ceeds well everywhere.

Speciosum Rubrum—White, beautifully
spotted red; flowers in August. One
of the most useful of the Lily family,
hardy and flowering well under all
circumstances.

Speciosum Album—Very fragrant large
flowers, pure white with a green run-
ning through the center of each petal.

PLANTS

Hedges are valuable as a defense against animals, as wind-breaks, to protect
orchards, gardens or farms unduly exposed, and as ornamental fences or screens to
mark the boundaries of a lawn or cemetery lot.

DEFENSE AND ORNAMENT HEDGES

Buckthorn—(Rhamus)—One of the most
popular and effective plants. A fine,
robust grower, of European origin,
with dark green foliage, white flow-
ers and small black fruit in fall.

Honey Locust—For turning cattle and as
a farm hedge, is much the best in
the Northern States. It is of vigor-
ous growth, perfectly hardy, thrives
with ordinary care and is sufficiently
thorny to be impenetrable. -

Osage Orange—In the South and South-
west is in great favor. Too tender
for this climate.

Quince, Japan—See description, page 63.

HEDGE FOR WIND-BREAKS

Norway Spruce is the best. Its vigorous
habit, rapid dense growth, when
properly sheared or pruned, large
size and entire hardiness, are char-
acteristics not easily obtained in any
other evergreen.

American Arbor Vitae comes next. Belts
of pine are also useful as a protec-
tion. |

70 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

CALIFORNIA PRIVET
ORNAMENTAL HEDGES OR SCREENS

American and Siberian Arbor Vitae, Nor-
way Spruce, and especially Japan
Quince and Purple Barberry, all de-
scribed in their appropriate places in
this Catalogue, make beautiful
screens or hedges.

The Crimson Rambler Hedge—This rose
is such a strong, rampant rapid
grower that it soon makes a most
desirable hedge or screen for a fence.

Trained along a wire fence and
planted three to four feet apart, they
form a perfect screen and when in
full bloom with its thousands of
miniature crimson roses in clusters
makes a truly magnificent sight.

Privet, California—A pretty shrub with
smooth, shining leaves and spikes of
white flowers; also makes a beautiful
hedge. Perfectly hardy.

BORDER PLANTS.

We offer a fine assortment of the best varieties of these useful plants, which are
exceedingly valuable on account of their hardiness, easy culture and showy appear-

ance.
year. We name our leading sorts.

Anchusa Italica—(Heavenly Blue Flower)
Dropmore variety-true—The most
important Blue Flowered Hardy
Border Plant we have. It is a
strong, vigorous plant of branching
habit and perfectly hardy. It grows
to a height of 3 feet the first season
planted, making a stout bush that is
literally covered with the Purest
Blue flowers, one inch in diameter
during July and August.

- Dielytra— (Bleeding Heart)—Rosy, heart-
shaped flowers hanging in great pro-

fusion from a gracefully curved
stem. May and June.
Fox-Glove— (Digitalis).
Long bell shaped flowers on stems

three to four feet high; white and
red; very showy. July to September.
Gaillardia Grandiflora—(Blanket Flower)
Flowers large, brightly colored and of
perfect form.

They will mostly live all winter in the open ground and bloom freely every

Hollyhocks—A fine collection of colors.
Larkspur—(Delphinium).

Flowers in terminal spikes in brilliant
blue, purple, white or red. June to
August.

Phlox.

The Phlox is one of the most interest-
ing of all our herbaceous perennial
plants, and commends itself to every-
one,

Veronica lLongifolia Subsessilis

The handsomest hardy border-plant.
Color of flowers, a lovely amethystine
blue. It is a superb hardy perennial,
growing to the height of two feet,
flowering persistently in summer and
late fall. It succeeds in any soil.

Yucca—(Adam’s Needle).

Handsome evergreen plants, with long,
narrow, palm-like leaves, and tall up-
right stems, bearing showy, cream-
like flowers. July.

eh ame

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. yu

“Bs long as there’s a sun that sets
The Rose will have its glory.”

AYE are constantly adding the most

promising new kinds to our list,
and have one of the best grown and
best selected stocks of Roses in the
COUNTEFY .

Cultivation—Roses require plenty of manure and good cultivation. Old and
decayed branches and at least half the previous season’s growth should be cut away
early each spring, and a little cutting back after the first blooming will insure more
late flowers. The so-called tender Roses must be carefully protected in winter by
covering them with leaves and evergreen boughs; and the hardy sorts will be rendered
more vigorous and productive of fine flowers, if they, too, are similarly protected.

Insects—See page 82.

Our Roses are strong plants grown out of doors, well rooted and every way desir-
able. They have already bloomed before being sent out, and are in every respect
much better and stronger plants than the ones that are so fully advertised and sent
out by mail, which are small, tender shoots, started in a greenhouse, and after a few
weeks sent out before they have established growth and constitution enough to stand
the shock of transplanting.

CLASS A—HARDY PERPETUAL OR REMONTANT ROSES

In this class are included the so-called ‘‘Hybrid Noisette,’’ also a few of the
‘“‘Hybrid Teas.’’ These two groups contain some very beautiful varieties which
cannot be omitted from any good list of Roses for outdoor cultivation, but as they
are much more tender than any other in this class, they must be thoroughly protected
in winter by a covering of forest leaves or other light litter. We also include Summer
Roses (Hybrid China and others), blooming but once in the season, but very hardy
and beautiful. As for the rest of this class, it comprises many of the most beautiful
roses in cultivation, and as they are hardy and easy of culture, they must be, as a
class the most popular and reliable for the multitude of planters. To insure their
blossoming freely in the autumn, however, they must be cut back in the summer, and
a portion of the first crop of flowers sacrificed.

The most of our roses are propagated on their own roots from cuttings. They
are never liable to throw up suckers of an inferior kind.

72 : ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Alfred Colomb—Brilliant carmine crim-
son, very large, full, of fine globular
form and extremely fragrant.

Anne de Diesbach—One of the best and
most satisfactory Hybrid Perpetual
Roses. A strong, vigorous grower, ex-
tremely hardy, producing very large,
double flowers, of a lovely shade of
carmine and delightfully fragrant.

American Beauty—Large, globular; deep
pink, shaded with carmine; delicious
odor; has proved to be a most de-
lightful variety for forcing and may
be found valuable for cultivation out
of doors.

Augusta Mie—Delicate pink, finely cup-
ped. A vigorous grower.

Baron de Bonstetten—Rich, velvety, ma-
roon; large, full. A splendid sort.

Black Prince—Dark velvety crimson,
almost black. A good grower and
most magnificent rose.

Bessie Brown—This is a noble rose of
extra fine quality and bears large
full flowers of extraordinary depth
and fullness and is deliciously sweet;
color, pure white, clouded and flushed
with flesh pink.

Caprice—A true hybrid perpetual, per-
fectly hardy; a strong grower, a
great bloomer. It has attracted a
great deal of attention both on the
Pacific Coast and the East. Valued
chiefly as a novelty, being striped
pink and white.

Caroline de Sansal—Clear delicate flesh
color; fine form; a strong grower and
one of the best of its color.

Caroline Marniesse—(Noisette) --Creamy-
white, flowers small and full, and
borne in very pretty clusters; an ex-
ceedingly free bloomer; low growing
(18 inches) and especially desirable

for the border of a bed; entirely
hardy.
Clio—A rose of remarkable beauty.

On the style of Baron Roths-
child, having like it, large hand-
some flowers, of fine globular
form, which are produced in
great abundance. Color a deli-
cate flesh, shaded in center with
rosy pink. A magnificent rose
in every particular.

Conrad F. Meyer—Splendid, large,
elegantly formed buds and flow-
ers, 34 to 4 inches across and
perfectly double—color, rich
peachy yellow, delicately tinged
with silver rose; very fragrant,
entirely hardy and valuable in
every way.

Coquette des Alps—White, slightly
shaded with carmine; form semi-
cupped; wood long jointed; large
handsome flowers. The strongest
grower of the entire class.

Coquette des Blanches—Pure white,
sometimes faintly tinged with

=~ Pink; flowers of medium size, some-
what flat, but full and very pretty;

eamagrowth more bushy and semmetrical
than any of the others; one of the

E*. hardiest.

Dinsmore—Scearlet crimson, large, double,
very fragrant; free bloomer; one of
the finest roses.

Duchess of Albany—Vivid crimson; flow-
ers expand, and developing a beauti-

ful shade; autumnal bloomer. Bud-
ded plants.
Duke of HEdinburgh—Bright crimson,

large, double flowers, slightly fra-
grant. Foliage large and attractive.
A free bloomer early in the season.
Earl of Dufferin—One of the finest roses
of recent years; red and velvety
crimson, shaded with dark maroon.
Large flower,,finely formed, vigorous
grower. One of the very finest dark
roses and should be in every garden.
Etoile de Lyon—(Star of Lyons)—The
best pure deep yellow rose for garden
planting, hardy and beautiful.
Etoile de France—(Star of France)—One
of the most magnificent new roses
introduced in the past few years. It
is a strong healthy grower, quite
hardy and a quick and abundant
bloomer, makes beautiful large-
pointed buds and extra large fully
double flowers, three and one-half to

four and one-half inches across.
Color,’ intense brilliant crimson, very
fragrant.

Frau Karl Druschki or (Snow Queen)—
It is perfectly hardy everywhere and
a most vigorous grower, throwing up
enormous shoots which are covered
with snow white blossoms. Although
we have many so-called white roses,
it is a fact that before the introduc-

FRAU KARL DRUSCHKI

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC 73

tion of Frau Karl Druschki we have
not had a pure snow-white hardy
rose. Heretofore the white roses
have been tinged with pale pink or
cream color. A grand rose sure to
be in great demand.

Fisher Holmes—One of the choicest of
perpetual roses. Bush is vigorous and
produces freely of superb blossoms.
Color brilliant carmine crimson.

Francois Levet—Cherry red; medium
size; well formed; one of the Paul
Verdier style; very free bloomer and
vigorous grower.

large and very fine; one of the hand-
somest and most showy roses of this
color. Beautiful in the bud, semi-
double when full grown. Of fine free
growth; a universal favorite.

General Washington—Fine crimson; very
full and double; a moderate grower;
one of the handsomest roses when
well grown.

Glorie de Margottin—New. This is the
brightest colored rose yet introduced
and is in every way a most desirable
variety, being a good, strong, vigor-
ous grower and free bloomer; good
for either forcing or outdoor culture.

Golden Gate—A rose of surprising beauty,
extra large, very double and full
also delightfully fragrant. Rich
ereamy white; beautifully tinged
with golden yellow and _ bordered
with clear rose, a constant bloomer,
extra fine.

Gruss an Teplitz—(Virginia R. Cox, or
Crimson Hermosa)—This grand rose
has proved one of the best and most
valuable hardy crimson ever-bloom-
ing roses for garden planting ever
introduced. The color is dark rich
¢erimson passing to velvety fiery red,
one of the very brightest colored
roses we know. Flowers large, full
and sweet; very showy and hand-
some; blooms constantly, throwing
up fresh buds and flowers the whole
growing season. It is a healthy vig-
orous grower, entirely hardy here.
Cannot be recommended too highly;
everyone should have it.

Helen Gould—The most satisfactory rose
of its color for general planting ever
introduced. Better than American
Beauty. Beautiful long-pointed buds,
and immense, full and perfectly dou-
ble flowers. Color warm, rosy crimson.

Helen Keller—F lowers large, of most per-
fect form and fragrant. Color bril-
liant rosy cerise. A vigorous grower
and very free bloomer. A most dis-
tinet and lovely rose.

Her Majesty—A remarkably strong-grow-
ing variety, often throwing up shoots
six feet in length; the flowers are of

unusual size, specimens having been
exhibited that were fully six inches
across. Color a beautiful, clear, sat-
iny pink.

J. B. Clark—A strong and upright grower.
Exceedingly vigorous. Very fragrant.
A genuine treat is in store for every-
one who plants it.

John Hopper—A seedling from Jules
Margottin; fertilized by Mme. Vidot.
Bright rose with carmine center;
large and full; light red thorns, not
numerous; a profuse bloomer and
standard sort.

John Keynes—A strong grower and as
hardy as any of the perpetual fam-
ily. Flowers very large and fine;
brilliant carmine. A splendid rose.

Jubilee—Flowers very large; color de-
scribed as intense crimson, maroon
red; fragrant, strong and lasting.
Plant very vigorous; large, dark
green foliage.

Jules Margottin—Bright cherry-red; large
and full; free flowering and hardy.

GRUSS AN TEPLITZ

Killarney—The best hardy garden rose.
The color is an exquisite soft pink,
of fine satin texture, with a rare and
delightful fragrance. The buds are
remarkably beautiful. The more they
expand the richer and more beautiful
becomes the color. It flowers con-
tinually from June until November.
It is perfectly hardy and will stand
our severest winters.

La France—Delicate silvery rose; very
large and full; an almost constant
bloomer; equal in delicacy to a Tea
Rose; the most pleasing fragrance of
all roses; only a moderate grower,
but most desirable.

La Reine—Brilliant, glossy rose, very
large, cupped and beautiful; a very
hardy useful rose.

Lady Helen Stewart—Another beautiful
and valuable variety. Bright crim-
son, scarlet; large, full and of per-
fect form; highly perfumed.

74 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Liberty—Deep bright crimson scarlet, one
of the richest colored roses we have;
beautiful buds and large full flowers,
very fragrant; a constant bloomer;
fine for house culture and cut flowers.

Louis Van Houtte—Crimson, maroon, me-
dium size, sometimes large, full, A
tender sort, but very free blooming
and altogether the best crimson rose
we have. A moderate grower.

Lord Penzance—(Sweet Brier )—Foliage
sweetly scented; strong grower, per-
fectly hardy. Colors in variety.

Margaret Dickson—Of magnificent form,
white with pale flesh center; petals
very large, shell shaped, and of great
substance; foliage very large, dark
green.

Mabel Morrison—A sport from Baroness
Rothschild. Flesh white, changing to
pure white; in the autumn tinged
with rose; double cup-shaped flowers,
freely produced. It is one of the
best white hybrid perpetuals.

Madam Gabriel Luizet—For loveliness in
color, fragrance, size and freedom of
blooming qualities, this rose has no
equal to-day; equally good as a bed-
ding rose out doors. Pink, distinct,
very large, cup-shaped, somewhat
fragrant. As an exhibition rose will
rank with its rival, Baroness Roths-
child.

Madam Plantier—Pure white, medium
size, full; flowers produced in great
abundance early in the season.

Mad. F. Kruger—Named after the wife
of Oom Paul Kruger, President of
the late South Africa Republic. Fine
large buds and flowers fully double
and borne well up on strong, vigor-
ous bushes; color soft rose pink, ele-
gantly shaded with crimson and
amber; very handsome and showy and
delightfully sweet.

Mamam Cochet—Silvery pink; a most
wonderfully beautiful French rose of
great value. The beautiful, big,
elongated buds and full blown dou-
ble flowers are exquisitely charming,
while the fragrance is rich and deli-
cious. The color is fleshy pink, with
the inner side of petals silvery rose.
Grows vigorously and blooms with
great freedom.

Marie Bauman—Brilliant carmine crim-
son; large, full, of exquisite color
and form; very fragrant, extra fine.
Budded plants.

Marchioness of Dufferin—A new rose
which has attained much popularity.
It is of enormous size, beautiful rosy
pink, suffused with yellow at the base
of petals; a very strong rapid grow-
er; considered one of the finest.

Marie Rady—Vermillion, shaded with
erimson; large, very full, of fine glo-
bular form. A fragrant, superb sort.

MARCHIONESS OF LONDONDERRY

Marchioness of Londonderry—I vory
white, fine form, highly perfumed;
plants vigorous and free flowering.
Unquestionably one of the largest
roses, blooms attaining a diameter
of six inches when fully developed,
and one of the sweetest of the Hy-
brid Perpetuals.

Magna Charta—Bright pink, suffused
with carmine; very large, full and
fragrant with magnificent foliage. A
free bloomer. For the earliest deep
color is still the best.

Marshall P. Wilder—Raised from the seed
of the General Jacqueminot. It is of
vigorous growth, with healthy foli- »
age; flowers large, semi-globular, full,
well-formed; color cherry-carmine.
In wood, foliage, form and. flower, it
resembles Alfred Colomb.

Mrs. John Laing—New. As a budding
rose this is undoubtedly one of the
best varieties yet introduced, being
hardly ever out of bloom all summer.
Color a beautiful shade of delicate
pink; of large size and very fra-
grant. It is also a good forcer from
January onwards,

Mrs. R. G. Sherman Crawford—Color deep
rosy pink, outer petals shaded with
pale flesh, white at base of petals;
flowers large, of perfect inbricated
form and freely produced, flowering
from early summer until late in au-
tumn. Growth vigorous. Awarded
gold medal of the National Rose So-
ciety of England and many first-class
certificates. A valuable addition.

Merveille de Lyon—Pure white, shaded
and marked with satin; flowers very
large, double and of beautiful cup
shape. A _ seedling from Baroness
Rothschild. A superb variety.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 75

Meteor—As a dark crimson perpetual
blooming rose, this ranks as one of
the best yet introduced of any class.
It is especially valuable for summer
and fall, blooming either in the
greenhouse or in open ground, and
where there is a demand for fine
roses in summer this variety will be-
come a great favorite.

Madam George Bruant—(White)—A seed-
ling from the Japan Rose—Rosa
Rugosa and Tea Rose—Sombrieul.
From these it gets exquisite sweet-
ness and its everblooming character.
Considered by the best judges to be
of great value.

Paul Neyron—This magnificent rose, by
far the largest variety in cultivation;
very double and full, of beautiful
deep rose color, and delightfully fra-
grant; borne upon vigorous, upright
shoots in great abundance through-
out the entire season. We recom-
mend this variety very highly for
general planting as it is calculated to
give more satisfaction to the masses
than any other known variety.

Persian Yellow—Deep, bright yellow;
small but handsome; double; a very
early bloomer, and much the finest
hardy yellow rose.

Pierre Notting—Blackish-red, shaded with
velvet; globular form, very large and
full, and one of the finest dark roses.
Needs some winter protection.

Pius IX.—Deep rose, tinged with car-
mine, large and full; a robust grower
and profuse bloomer,

Prince Camille de Rohan—Deep, velvety
crimson, large, moderately full. One
of the darkest in cultivation and a
splendid rose.

Rhea Reid—This is the best Rose intro-
duced in 1908. It is a rich red, very
double, fine form and a constant
bloomer.

Soliel D’Or—(Golden Sun)—New. Hardy
yellow rose; foliage glossy. Robust
in growth and is sure to be popular.

Sunrise—This is one of the most beauti-
ful everblooming Roses in ecultiva-
tion; the flowers are extra large,
perfectly double and delightfully
tea-scented. Dark peachy red, ele-
gantly shaded with orange and crim-
son—like the Sunrise tints seen in
the summer sky—a strong, healthy
grower and free bloomer.

Sunset—The new orange yellow Rose;
ground color deep orange yellow,
thickly shaded with dark ruddy
crimson; beautiful buds and large
full flowers, deliciously tea-scented.
A strong, healthy grower and aD
dant bloomer.

Ulrich Brunner—A superb rose; a seed-
ling from Paul Neyron; extra large,
bold flowers; full and globular; petal
large and of good substance; color
rich, glowing crimson, elegantly
lighted with scarlet; fragrant.

Victor Verdier—Fine, bright rose, shaded
with carmine; very hardy and a fine
bloomer; a splendid rose.

ROSA RUGOSA

This is a very interesting group, of
Japanese origin. The flowers are mostly
single. The plant is highly ornamental
on account of its good habit and beauti-
ful glossy foliage.

Rugosa Alba—A species from Japan.
Single, pure white flowers of five
petals; highly scented; a eo
shrub.

Rugosa Rubra—Another Japan variety.
Flowers single, of a most beautiful
bright rosy crimson, succeeded by
large berries of a rich rosy red color,
and are a great addition to the orna-
mental character of the plant. Makes
a beautiful low hedge.

HARDY CLIMBING ROSES

Baltimore Belle—Pale blush, nearly white;
double; the best white climbing rose.

Blue Rambler—(Veilchenblau)—V iolet
Blue. Hailed by the German rose
growers as the forerunner of a gen-
uinely cornflower blue rose. It is a
seedling of Crimson Rambler. The
blossoms, massed in large umbels, are
semi-double, of medium size. The
color, on first unfolding, is either red-
dish pink or purplish pink then turns
amethyst, and finally steel blue as the
flower fades. The general color im-
pression is that of the March violet.
The yellow stamens appear in sharp
contrast to the blue petals. The plant
is vigorous in growth, with shining
green foliage and few but sharp
thorns. So far it has not suffered
from mildew and is considered one
of the most hardy ramblers.

Crimson Rambler—(Climbing Polyantha)
—A wonderful rose from Japan,
bearing immense trusses of deep:
crimson flowers, which hold their
beautiful color a long time without
fading. The plant is a very vigorous
grower and thus makes a splendid
climbing rose, though it may also be
grown in bush or pillar form. When
in full bloom and covered as it is
with its great trusses of flowers, con-
taining thirty to fifty blossoms "each,
it is a most magnificent sight. It has
proved entirely hardy in this coun-
try, and is a very great acquisition
to our rose garden.

ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE
SS

CRIMSON RAMBLER

—y ss

a4 >.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. a7

Climbing Jules Margottin—Carmine rose,

fine in open flower and in bud; the
best of all climbing sorts. It may
be grown either as a pillar Rose or by
pruning, kept in bush form, it should
be in every collection.

Climbing Meteor—(Red)—One of the

finest bright “crimson hardy Ever-
blooming Climbing Roses ever intro-
duced; makes exquisite buds and
large beautifully shaped flowers of
the true Jacqueminot color.

LADY GAY

a
Dorothy Perkins—A hybrid of Rosa

Wichuraiana and Mme. Gabriel
Luizet. In its foliage, growth, and
habit of blooming, it is remarkably
like Crimson Rambler, but the flowers.
are more double and of a beautiful
shell-pink color, and hold a long time
without. fading. The flowers are also
very sweetly scented, a characteris-
tic not possessed by most other Roses
of the Rambler family.

Empress of China— A
perpetual blooming
climber. The color
is a dark red in the
bud, and changes as
the flower opens and
grows older to a
lighter red or pink,

Gem of the Prairie—Car-
mine crimson occa-
sionally blotched
with white; a cross
hybrid between
Madam Laffay and
Queen of the Prairie.

Greville, or Seven Sisters
—Crimson, changes
to blush; flowers in
large clusters.

Lady Gay—This Rose is
superior to crimson
Rambler of which
it is a seedling and
which it closely re-
sembles in habit of
bloom and vigor of
growth. The flowers
(in large, loose clus-
ters) are of a deli-
cate cherry pink
color, fading to soft
tinted white. The
effect of a plant in
full bloom with the
combination of soft
white flowers, cherry
pink buds and deep
green of the foliage
is indeed charming.
It is perfectly hardy
and unsurpassed for
climbing work.

Mary Washington—One
of the hardiest of
ever-blooming clim-
bers, a remarkably
free bloomer, pro-
ducing medium-sized
pure white flowers |
in large clusters. An
extra strong grower
when established.

Pink Rambler—Flowers
medium size, pink
in clusters. Very
pretty.

78 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

Queen of the Prairie—Bright rosy red,
frequently striped with white; large,
compact and globular.

Tausendschon — (Thousand Beauties) —
New. Imagine a luxuriant climbing
rose literally covered with thousands
of bright blossoms, borne in clusters
and quite double. Colors of every
imaginable shade, from white to deep
pink. A hardy vigorous grower with
few thorns and handsome foliage.

Victor Verdier Climbing—Resembles Vic-
tor Verdier, of which it is a seedling,
but having a decided climbing habit.
This variety is particularly desirable
on account of its vigorous constitu-
tion and free flowering habit.

DWARF PERPETUAL RAMBLERS

Baby Rambler—This
new rose is 4
cross between
Crimson Rambler
gud, 7G lomye 70%
Polyanthus, and
may be described
as a dwarf form
of the widely
known and popu-
lar climbing rose,
Crimson Rambler,
being hardy, vig-
orous and perpet-
ual flowering.
The flowers are
large, well form-
ed, of a crimson
red color, and
borne in clusters.

Pink Baby Rambler—
(Anny Muller)—
This new Pink
Baby Rambler is
of the same free
flowering Polyan- oe
tha class as the Peay ett

Crimson Baby Rambler. The blos-
soms are a fascinating shade of deep
rose with petals curled and twisted,
producing a fluffy effect. Its hardi-
ness, vigorous habit of growth, with
well-branched bushes and healthy,
rich green foliage, are all qualities
which (just. as in the case of the
Crimson Baby Rambler) commend it
to the careful buyer.

White Baby Rambler—(Schneewittchen
or Snow)—One of the most charming
Roses in the Polyantha class is this
little rose. It continues to bloom
all Summer through with amazing
freedom and fullness. Bushes can-
delabra shaped and each branch bear-
ing from 15 to 50 little flowers,
ecreamy-white passing to snow-white.
A truly charming rose and affords
an abundance of flowers for cutting.

White Rambler—Similar in origin, habit
of bush and bloom to Crimson Ram-
bler, but not so strong a grower.

Wichuriana—(Memorial Rose) —Charm-

ing trailer from Japan; produces
numerous clusters of white fragrant
flowers in July. Very hardy and vig-
orous. Valuable as a covering for
banks, rockeries, etc., and for use in
cemeteries,

Yellow Rambler—(Aglaia)—The hardiest
yellow climbing rose yet introduced.
Very fragrant and a very vigorous
grower; a worthy companion to the
wonderful Crimson Rambler.

\2/

BABY RAMBLER
MOSS ROSES

Blanche Moreau—Pure white, large, full
and of perfect form; the buds and
flowers produced in clusters and
freely furnished with a deep green
moss. A valuable variety.

Blanche Robert—Flower pure white, large
and full; buds very beautiful. A
rampant grower, being almost as vig-
orous as a climber.

Countess de Murinais—Pure white, large,
very desirable; the finest white moss.

Crested—-Deep pink buds, surrounded
with mossy fringe and crest; very
beautiful and fragrant; growth slen-
der.

Glory of Mosses—A moderate grower.
Flowers very large, appear to best
advantage when full; color pale rose.

FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES, ETC. 79

Luxemburg—Deep crimson; fine grower.

Princess Adelaide—A vigorous grower,
pale rose, of medium size and good
form.

Perpetual White—Pure white.

Salet—A vigorous grower and perpetual
bloomer. Light rose, large, full. The
best of the class. A true perpetual
moss, blooming at intervals from
June to November.

White Bath—White, sometimes tinged
with flesh; attractive in bud and
open flower. This is by far the best
white moss.

PERPETUAL TENDER ROSES

Under this head we include all classes
of Tender Roses—Bourbon, China, Nois-
ette and Tea, and indicate the class to
which each variety belongs with the let-
ter B, OC, N, or T, respectively.
Agrippina—(C)—Red, velvety crimson;

moderately double; fine in buds; val-
uable for planting out. One of the
best.

Bon Silene—(T)—Rosy carmine, shaded
with salmon; fragrant and very free
flowering. Valuable for the buds.

Bride—(T)—A lovely pure white Tea
Rose of large size. Admirable for

forcing as well as for summer flower-
ing. The buds have more substance
than Niphetos, are full and double,
and possesses the good characteristics
of Catherine Mermet.

Bridesmaid—An exquisite rose, both in
bud and open flower; bright, clear
pink, large and very double, stems
long and stiff; foliage handsome and
glossy. Excellent for both summer
and winter flowering.

Catherine Mermet—(T)—Bright flesh
color, with the same peculiar lustre
possessed by La France. Large, full
and beautiful. One of the finest Teas.

Cornelia Cook—(T)—Pale yellowish
white, tinged with flesh. A superb
rose when well grown.

Glorie de Dijon—(T)—Climber. A com-
bination of salmon, orange and buff;
early; large, and of good globular
form; hardy.

Hermosa—(B)—Bright rose; a most con-
stant bloomer; hardy; one of the best.

KAISERIN AUGUSTA VICTORIA

Kaiserin Augusta Victoria—(T)—A
superb rose, to which too much praise
cannot be given. It is of soft pearly
white, fragrant, a strong, healthy
grower, with bold, beautiful foliage.
Flowers are borne in profusion, on
long, graceful stems, every shoot be-
ing crowned with a magnificent
flower.

Lyon—A splendid new Hybrid Tea
direct from France. A rose of rare
excellence. The form is full and
globular with large broad petals of
good texture. The flowers are re-
markably rich in color, being a
‘‘shrimp pink at ends of the petals,
center coral red or salmon _ pink
shaded with chrome yellow.’’ It is
‘‘very fragrant’’ and above all a
‘‘perpetual and incessant bloomer.’’
At Lyons it received the ‘‘Prize of
Honor with warmest congratulations
of the judges.’’ One of the best
new roses.

80 ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE
eee

Marechal Neil—(N)—Deep yellow; very
large, very full, globular, highly
scented; requires. careful treatment.
It should be severely pruned. - The
finest yellow rose.

Mad. Caroline Testout—A very handsome
rose. A profuse bloomer. Flowers
large and of a pretty rose color.

Niphetos—(T)—Pale, yellowish-white,
often snowy white. Long, large buds.
Very beautiful.

Papa Gontier—(T)—Rich cherry red, re-
verse of petal crimson; large, semi-
double, fragrant, free flowering;
very popular for winter forcing.

Perle des Jardins—(T)—A beautiful
straw color, sometimes deep canary;
very large, full, and of fine form;
stiff shoots or stems, and very free
flowering.

Richmond—Last Winter during the An-
nual Convention of the American
Rose Society in Washington, some
200 members called on President
Roosevelt and presented him with
the finest bouquet from their Exhi-
bition. It was a vase of Richmond
Roses. It is a grand rose for house
culture and forcing, producing splen-
did buds and flowers on fine long
stems. Bright glowing scarlet crim-
son, exceedingly bright and beautiful.

Safrano—(T)—Saffron and apricot. A

CRIMSON RAMBLER TREE ROSE

very free bloomer. One of the oldest
and best varieties, especially when
used in the bud state.

Souvenir de la Malmaison—(B)—Pale
flesh with a fawn shade; very large,
showy, beautiful. An old favorite.

White La France—(Augustine Guinois-
sea)—Buds and flowers are extra
large, very full and finely formed,
and delightfully perfumed. It blooms
all through the season and is a rose
that everyone will like to have.

POLYANTHA ROSES

This charming class is from Japan and
of recent introduction. The foliage and
flowers are very small, the latter being
produced in clusters. They are of slender
growth and produce extremely beautiful
little flowers. They are quite as hardy as
many well known varieties that are con-
sidered perfectly hardy. We offer four
of the best.

Cecil Brunner—Salmon nine deep scar-
let center. Very small flower, deli-
cately scented.

Clothilde Soupert—Medium sized, very
double, produced in clusters; pearly
white, with rose lake center, some-
times producing red and white flow-
ers on same plant. Considered one
of the best, if not the best of its
class.

Parquette—An old standard
white variety; flower
pure white, about an
inch in diameter.
Flowers in clusters
from five to fifty blos-
soms.

Perle D’Or—Nankeen yel-
low with orange center.
Bush very branching,
blooming in clusters of
twenty to thirty flow-
ers,

TREE ROSES

These are top-grafted or
budded upon strong grow-
ing wild stocks at a dis-
tance of 3% to 4% feet
from the ground. They thus
form tree-shaped plants,
nicely headed, and with
proper care they are very
desirable. We offer them
in all colors.

Crimson Rambler Tree Rose
The beauty and vigor
of this remarkable rose
is now well known
from ocean to ocean,
but grown as a tree, it
is a novelty sure to be-
come even more popu-
lar than in bush form.
Its great vigor and
hardiness make it espe-
cially adapted for this
form of growth.

Insect Enemies and How to Destroy Them

We embody herewith brief but plain descriptions of the various insects which attack different
classes of trees and plants, and in each case the best known remedy. Our directions can be relied
upon implicitly, and we need only ask our friends and customers to follow the directions in each
case to the letter.

DIRECTIONS FOR PREPARING THE REMEDIES.

Paris Green or London Purple—These poisons are used either in solution or dry form. In
solution one pound is mixed with from 100 to 300 gallons of water, the strength depending on
the plant sprayed and the insects to be destroyed. The poison should first be mixed with enough
water to form a paste, after which the full quantity may be added. It is always best to add one
or two pounds of lime for each pound of the green, as the danger to foliage will be much lessened
thereby. Paris Green alone is sometimes applied in dry form. It is best, however, to mix each
pound with ten pounds of flour or plaster. The liquid is much less objectionable, and we would
in all cases recommend it.

Kerosene Emulsion—Take common bar soap, one-half a pound, water one gallon, and kero-
sene two gallons. Shave the soap into the water, then beat the whole until all the soap is dis-
solved; add the soap liquid, boiling hot, to the kerosene, and churn for ten minutes by pumping
it back into itself: when cool, the emulsion should have the consistency of thick cream or soft
butter, this depending somewhat upon the kind of soap used.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE GRAPE—The Flee Beetle

This small, steel blue insect, appears in early spring, and at once begins eating the tender
foliage. After eating about a moment the female beetle deposits small yellow eggs on the foliage.
These soon hatch into small larvae. which continue the work of destruction.

Remedies—Spray with Paris Green, one pound, and one and one-half pounds lime to 200
gallons of water, as soon as the beetles are noticed. Two applications of this solution at inter-
vals of a week or ten days, will usually destroy all the insects.

The Rose Bug

It makes its appearance early in the summer, devouring flowers, young fruit and leaves.
The beetle is about half an inch long and of a brown color.

Remedies—The best results have followed the use of Pyrethrum, which should be applied
in solution at the rate of one ounce to two gallons of water.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE APPLE—The Coddling Moth

The little white caterpillar, whose affects are so familiar to everyone, is the larvae of a small,
nocturnal, gray moth. The moth deposits her eggs on the blossom end of the fruit. As soon
as the eggs hatch the larvae eats its way into the young fruit; the rest of the story is well
known to every one.

Remedies—Spray the trees with Paris Green or London Purple at the rate of one pound to
250 gallons of water, add one and a half pounds of lime,. first when the flowers are falling and
again when the fruit is the size of peas. ;

The Canker Worm

This measuring worm eats the green portion of the leaf, giving the tree a brownish color,
as though scorched by fire. The worms appear in early spring, and when full grown are an
inch long.

Remedies—Spray the trees when the leaves are one-third grown, with Paris Green solution,
one pound to 200 gallons of water, add one and a half pounds of lime.. Usually one spraying
will be sufficient, but if the worms appear to be on the increase a second application will be
advisable.

Apple Tree Tent-Caterpillar

The large silken nests made by this insect are familiar to every one. The caterpillars appear
in May or June, and in five or six weeks have attained their full size.

Remedies—Cut out and burn the nests as soon as they are seen, taking the precaution to do
this in the morning when the caterpillars are all in. This, together with one or two sprayings
of Paris Green solution, having a strength of one pound to 200 gallons of water, and one and
a half pounds of lime, will effectually rid the trees of the pest.

The Apple Aphis

Apple trees are often attacked early in the season by this insect. The lice are quite small
and green in color. By sucking the juices from the young growth they greatly interfere with
the functions of the latter, and as a result the tree has a sickly, yellow appearance.

Remedies—Spray with kerosene emulsion at the rate of one gallon to twenty of water, as
soon as the lice appear. Repeat the treatment in eight or ten days if necessary. A decoction
made by soaking over night four or five pounds of tobacco stems, or refuse tobacco of any kind,
in five gallons of water, will also be found an excellent remedy against the lice.

The Oyster Shell Bark Louse

There are frequently seen on the trunks, branches and twigs of the apple tree, small, whitish
shells, resembling in shape those of an oyster. Under these shells are numerous small lice busily
engaged in sucking the sap from the tree.

Remedies—Scrape the trees thoroughly in spring before the leaves appear and then paint the
trunk and large limbs with a thick solution made by dissolving one quart of soft soap in halt a
gallon of hot water. Two ounces of crude carbolic acid added to this will also increase its effi-
cacy. Make no further theatment until the middle of May, when kerosene emulsion, one gallon
to twenty-five gallons of water, should be applied. It is always best to apply the emulsion soon
after the lice hatch.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE PEACH—The Black Aphis

Numbers of this small, shiny black insect may be seen in the spring on the leaves and twigs
of the peach. ‘The lice often do a great deal of damage above ground as well as below on the roots.

_ Remedies—For the form above ground, spraying with kerosene emulsion, one gallon to
thirty-five gallons of water, is the most effective remedy. The first spraying should be made as
soon as the lice appear; if necessary, this should be followed by others at intervals of a few
days until the trees are rid of the pest. Under the ground the lice are best destroyed by digging
in tobace:s stems or dust among the trees. The tobacco is scattered on the ground to the depth
of half an inch or more, then dug in with a spade or fork.

Peach Yellows

This is one of the few diseases as to which very little is positively known, except its effects
It usually makes its appearance about mid-summer, causing the foliage of the tree to turn yellow,
and soon thereafter the body and large limbs will throw out a considerable number of weak,
yellow leaved suckers. Tf the tree is loaded with fruit it will be under size, little or no flavor,
and ripen prematurely.

Remedies—The moment that you feel sure that a tree is affected with yellows, dig it up root
and branches and burn it, and plant any tree that you like, other than a peach tree, in its place.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE PEAR—The Pear Tree Slug

This insect attacks the leaves, eating away the green portion so that nothing remains but the
parchment-like tissues and veins. Tt appears usually the latter part of June and again in August.
5 Remedies—Spraying with a simple solution of milk of lime, made by mixing two pounds of
lime, in twenty gallons of water, will often rid the tree of this pest. The first application should
be made as soon as the slugs are noticed; if necessary, others should follow in a week or ten
days. By adding a little Paris Green, say one ounce to the lime of milk, the latter will be made
more effectual. :

The Scurfy Bark Louse

This insect resembles the Oyster Shell Bark Louse already described as attacking the apple.
Remedies—The same as for Oyster Shell Bark Louse.

Pear Elight

_ It is understood by the best authorities, both practical and scientific, that the cause of the
disease is absolutely unknown, and there is but one certain remedy, namely to cut out the blighted
parts promptly on appearance of the disease and burn them.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE PLUM—The Curculio

This little grub originates from eggs deposited by a small, dirty gray beetle, when the
flowers are still small.

Remedies—-The most reliable way now known of dealing with Curculio is to spray it with
Paris Green. ‘The first application should be made when the flowers are falling, using a solution
made by mixing one pound of Paris Green in 200 gallons of water, and adding one and a half
pounds of lime. In a week or ten days make a second application, and follow this by another
after the lapse of same length of time.

The Plum Tree Aphis

This insect resembles the one occurring on the peach, and like it may be destroyed by
spraying with kerosene emulsion, made by mixing ‘one gallon of the concentrated emulsion in

twenty gallons of water.
Black Knot

The most scientific as well as practical fruit growers in the country are by no means agreed
as to the cause of Black Knot on plum and cherry trees, but they are entirely agreed as to the
only know remedy, namely: Just as soon as the Black Knot appears cut it out, removing the
branch at least two inches below where the knot appears. Burn the affected parts and follow
this method promptly, thoroughly, and in most cases, you will have exterminated the disease
before it has done serious damage.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE CHERRY

The Cherry is injured by plant lice, resembling those occurring on the peach or plum. The
Pear Tree Slug also attacks the leaves, while the fruit is infested by the Plum Curculio.
Remedies—The remedies given under peach and pear insects should be adopted in this case.

Black Knot

Cherry trees are affected with Black Knot the same as the plum trees, and the same remedies
snould be used.

INSECTS AFFECTING THE CURRANT AND GOOSEBERRY—The Currant Worm

The perfect form of the worm is a small fly, which lays its eggs on the leaves in early spring. .

As soon as the eggs hatch, the worms eat circular holes in the foliage. As the worms increase
in size, they become more voracious, often riddling the leaves.

Remedies—<As soon as the worms are seen, spray the plants with a solution made by mixing
one ounce of Hellebore in two gallons of water.

The Currant Aphis

The insect attacks the leaves, causing them to curl and turn brown. The lice are usually
abundant iu early summer, but as hot weather advances they disappear.
Remedies—Spray with kerosene emulsion, one gallon to twenty gallons of water, as soon as

the lice are noticed.
INSECTS AFFECTING THE ROSE

The Rose Bug—The same as sometimes attacks the grape. Remedies—The same.
The Green Aphis—The same that attacks the apples. Remedies—The same.
The Black Aphis—The same that attacks the peach and other trees. Remedies—The same.

PAGE
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Fruit _Tree_ Pests

Remedies, Sprays,
Dips, Etc.

SRNBAMNAMA NE,
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Davis County Nurseries
Roy, Utah

Be Davis County Nsseries,

ARSENATE OF LEAD.

uead- Arsenate, =. 285... ae ee ee 6 Ibs.
Wie bOr i ioce 0k can aM a eee ene eg ees 120 gal.

This mixture stays in suspension better than Paris Green, and will ad-
here to the foliage longer. It is, however, more expensive and, except for
the late sprays, it has little advantage over the Paris Green.

WARNING.

Fruit growers are cautioned to use great care in handling arsenical and
other disinfectants. Properly handled, with due care and caution there
is'no danger from their use. No bad results will follow the use of fruit
which has been properly sprayed.

KEROSENE EMULSION.

Soap owe APES See SOR co, Se ee ee 1) “ib:
FRCTOSENE 5.1. 0-4. | RE ee ee «io He eee 2 gal.
lot: (Wrater: ! 0.20 2 sepia eater Oe eae ee I teal:

Dissolve one pound of hard soap in one gallon of hot water; remove
from the fire and while still boiling, add two gallons of kerosene, stir violently
pump back and forth throngh a spray pump until the mixture takes on the
appearance of whipped cream. Dilute with ten times as much water. Skim-
med milk may be used as a substitute for the soap in making the emulsion,
using one gallon of hot milk to two gallons of kerosene, stirring the same
as when the soap is used; add water as above.

HYDROGYANIC ACID GAS.

For every 100 cubie feet of space in shed or tent (allowing for the
space occupied by the trees or shrubs) take:

Cyanide of Potassium, C. P. 98 per cent............ 1 oz.
Stal pplamie Ae eee se ae ee eS a) eee Ue ee l soz:
NWiei Geet eels hose sok ter k ck Slab ey 5 ACE Lule) C8 te Sean 4 02.

Directions: First place the eathern vessel in which the gas is to be
generated in a convenient place in the shed, and then put in the water,
pour the acid into the water, and finally add the cyanide of potassium by
dropping it into the vessel from the end of a string suspended over a
limb or twig after the room is vacated by the operator; close the door
and submit the trees to the fumes for about 45 minutes. Open the door
and allow the gas to escape before attempting to remove the trees, as it
is deadly to inhale.

CAUTION: Extreme care must be used in handling the gas, as it
is most fatal to inhale. A single inhalation is death to everything that
breathes. The separate ingredients are also poisons.

LIME-SULPHUR MIXTURE.

Sur paar eae en ae eee a ae 15 Ibs.
Bresh, unslacked}lime.) a ee 20 Ibs.
Waiter | aces cl ay Sire ee came Renee ee ey As directed

_ Davis County Nurseries. _ _3

Peach Twig Borer.

A dark brown worm that bores into the buds and young shoots early
in the spring, causing them to wilt. It passes the winter in the crevices in
bark and little burrows in the crutches. They are two broods; the second
one bores into the fruit as well as into the young shoots.

Remedies: Spraying in spring just before buds start with lime sul-
phur mixture, or kerosene emulsion, thoroughly soaking the bark on trunks
and limbs, is the best remedy. Prune off all affected twigs and burn them.
Picking off and destroying the wormy fruit will lessen their number. Arsen-
ate of lead, 3 lbs. per 100 gallons, just before blossoming time.

Peach Tree Borer.

A wasp-like moth which flies in the daytime in early summer and lays
eggs on the tree trunks close to the ground. The young borer hatches in
midsummer and works down into the ground and bores around the tree
just beneath the bark until fall, and again in the spring until it becomes
full grown. They can be easily be detected by the gummy mass which
exudes.

Remedies: Scrape the dirt away from the tree in fall and spring
and cut out all borers found. They may be kept out by wrapping the tree
trunk with building paper early in May. Dig the dirt away for three or
four inches, wrap the tree with paper, tying the top lightly, and hilling
up around the bottom.

The Flat-Headed Borer.

A pale greenish-white grub with a large head, attacking the apple
and sometimes other trees, especially young and sickly ones, which it
often girdles and kills.

Remedies: Same as for peach tree borer.

Woolly Aphis.

Appears on the trunk and branches of the apple tree, as white woolly
patches which show a red color when erushed. Later in the season they
migrate to the smaller limbs and twigs. Another form occurs below the
ground where they form knot-like swellings along the roots.

Remedies: Spraying with lime-sulphur mixture in winter, or kerosene
emulsion in summer, will hold them in check. Pure kerosene or a strong
emulsion driven with force against the patches in early summer will tend
to keep them down. For the root infesting form scraping away the dirt
and seattering several pounds of tobacco stems to the tree has been recom-
mended. ‘‘Black leaf tobacco extract,’’ 1 part to 70 parts water is very
effective and used almost entirely in Colorado now.

Red Spider or Brown Mite.

Minute reddish or greenish mites working on leaves and stems of fruit
and shade trees and sucking their juices so that they turn yellow and
die. They can usually be detected by the sickly yellowish color of the

A. Davis CountyaNursentes 2

plant along with a slight webbing or the presence of reddish mites. The
Brown Mite lays bright red eggs in the fall, usually in clusters on the
main trunk or branehes, and, when numerous, easily seen at a distance.

Remedies: The lime-sulphur spray in the spring just before the buds
start is the easiest means of destroying the eggs. In summer spray with
a strong kerosene emulsion of whale oil soap, one pound to five or six gal-
lons of hot water. Flowers of sulphur dusted upon infected trees, or a spray
made by using 1 lb. of sulphur to 2 or 3 gallons of water containing a small
amount of soap. A spray pump with a good agitator is necessary to keep
sulphur mixed with water.

GRASSHOPPERS.

When adjoining crops are harvested or when lands or pastures dry up,
grasshoppers are apt to come into orehards and vineyards and do consid-
erable damage to the fruit and even to the trees or vines. Young
orchards are often stripped of leaves and bark in a few days in this way.
They are particularly fond of grapes.

Remedies: The best way is to keep them out by eatehing them from
other crops or waste land with the hopper catcher before they start to
migrate. Sowing a mixture of one pound of arsenic, 10 pounds bran or
shorts and 38 pounds sugar along the edges will kill them off in large
numbers.

Onee in the orehard or vineyard they may be poisoned by using the
same mixture either seattered or in little piles. They ean be driven out
by moving them over one row at a time in the direction the wind is
blowing. They ean be caught best in the early morning or late evening.

Apple Aphis.

The shiny black eggs of this pest may be found during the winter on
the terminal twigs and strong growing shoots. They are usually placed
around the buds and in the ecrotches. The lice hatch about the time the
leaves start and soon curl them up, and, if numerous, stunt the growth of
the tree.

Remedies: Winter spray with a lime-sulphur mixture will destroy the
eggs. When only a few trees are affected, a strong kerosene emulsion may
be used or the eggs may be erushed by the hand. Just after the eggs
hatch an ordinary kerosene emulsion will kill the young. Later they curl
the leaves so that a spray will not reaeh them. Black leaf tobaceo extract,
1 gallon to 70 gallons water.

Plum Aphis.

Just as soon as the lice appear and before they have eurled the
leaves around them, spray with kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap, using
a coarse spray and with considerable foree. Black leaf as recommended
for other aphids.

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