The Vrooman Franquette walnut : a hardy productive tree producing a large, delicious nutritious nut

Historic, Archive Document

Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

I

VROOMAN FRANQUETTE WALNUT

A HARDY, PRODUCTIVE TREE

PRODUCING A

LARGE, DELICIOUS, NUTRITIOUS NUT

SALEM NURSERY COMPANY

SALEM : OREGON

a

“To the would-be walnut orchardist
we would say: Enter upon your task
with enthusiasm, tireless vigilance and
ready adaptability. There lies before you
a possible and very profitable rich harv-
est of those joyful hours of pleasant labor
well rewarded, and a harvest of golden
ducats, and a strong, clear conscience
that the world is the richer for your ef-
forts.”—Mrs. E. M. Vrooman.

Vrooman Pure Strain Franquette

Walnut and Its Possibilities

When You Plant Another Tree, Why Not Plant the Vrooman Franquette
Walnut? Then Besides Sentiment, Shade and Leaves, You May
Have a Perennial Supply of Nuts, Which Will Furnish You the
Most Delicious, Nutritious and Healthful Food Which Has Ever
Been Known.

View of Vrooman Franquette Walnut block of trees in our nursery, indicating the
size of trees we are prepared to deliver.

JfcjROBABLY NO OTHER WALNUT, or for that matter any particular variety
Jkl of fruit, has won such a prominent position in its class in so short a time
as has the Vrooman Pure Strain Franquette. The walnut industry is one of
such immense possibilities that we cannot hope to do it justice in this book-
let, but shall endeavor to confine ourselves to a few of the important features as
applicable to the Vrooman Franquette particularly. This splendid variety, which
practically embodies all the essential qualities of a successful nut, particularly
one suited for our more northern sections, .is the result of proper selection and

Three

Vrooman Franquette—A Hardy , Productive Tree

One of the largest Franquette trees in Salem, Oregon, belonging to Mrs. Nellie Knox,

1541 North Front street.

self-pollination, thus tending to unify the most desirable features of this good
nut. The Vrooman Franquette has proven itself practically self-fertile, that is, it
does not need to be planted with other varieties to make it bear nuts. In the
Vrooman Franquette variety the unfavorable hybrid feature is eliminated. A
hybrid nut is- caused by the cross-pollination of two or more varieties, usually
rendering the product unlike either parent. In the case of the Vrooman Franquette
this does not exist, but trees of the same variety pollinate each other, thereby
producing a pure strain Franquette nut or what some would term a thoroughbred.
Trees grown from this stock can be relied upon to produce nuts of practically
equal quality, size and quantity as the parent trees.

Investigation Reveals Pure Strain Franquette

In the year 1905 the late Mr. Leon Girod, himself a practical nurseryman,
was representing us in California, one of his duties being to carry on the walnut
investigation we had started. The result was, after making a thorough survey
of the country for either individual trees or a grove from which strictly depend-
able stock could be obtained for our propagations, he located a grove near Santa
Rosa, California, which at that time was owned by the late Mrs. Emily Vrooman.
This grove was most unusual in that it contained 1,000 trees all of one variety.
All these trees were grafted from stock which could be traced directly back to
the old Franquette tree in France, which is familiar to most nurserymen and
horticulturists as one of the best bearing varieties known. Due to the fact that
there are no other varieties than the Franquette in this thousand tree grove,

Four

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious 'Nut

Showing Walnut trees planted along Burrell Avenue in the Lewiston Orchards,
Lewiston, Idaho. These trees were^planted in 1907; picture taken in 1910.

and there being no other varieties within a quarter of a mile of it, makes this
orchard especially suited for producing propagating stock. Accordingly we en-
tered into a contract with the owner to obtain the entire output of this orchard
for a long term of years; thus we were assured of getting strictly reliable stock
for our propagations.

Gradually Increases in Favor and Popularity

Time has proven that our expectations of the Vrooman Franquette were not
misplaced, for every year has seen it gradually increase in favor and popularity
— even in the face of well-known and established varieties — until now our nursery
contains more walnuts than probably any other two or three nurseries combined,
and the Vrooman Franquette leads all other varieties in the standpoint of demand.

The Nut

The meat of the Vrooman Franquette is generally conceded to be the most
delicious walnut on the market. It is considerably larger than the average nut,
a fair sample measuring from If to 2 inches in length. The accompanying illus-
trations will give the reader a true conception of its size. The shell of this nut
is medium in thickness, belonging neither to the hard or soft shell types. It is

Five

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

View of Walnut trees on Burrell Avenue, Lewiston, Idaho, same as shown on preced-
ing page but taken three years later, 1913, from opposite direction.

unusually well sealed, making it an especially good commercial nut because of it
standing the necessary handling, preparatory to marketing, without cracking
open; which causes the kernel to dry out and lose all of its flavor. The kernel is
unusually full of light colored meat, rich, sweet and of delicate flavor. The Vroo-
man Franquette demonstrates its superior qualities by finding a ready market at
from 3 to 5 cents per pound above the average run of nuts.

Vrooman Franquette Bears Young

That the Vrooman Franquette is an early producer is amply illustrated in
the following pages, showing photographs of trees in actual bearing as young as
four years from transplanting. The following remarks by some well-known au-
thorities may prove interesting to the reader. Colonel Henry E. Dosch, well
known in Oregon as a horticultural authority, says, concerning walnut culture:

Franquette More Hardier and Prolific

“My first investigations of the walnut were rather discouraging on account
of finding so many trees, then probably 20 years old, that were bearing no nuts.
I concluded that there was something responsible for this condition not charge-
able to our soil and climate, and learned that these trees were the most tender
varieties growing in southern California and had been brought there by the Cath-
olic friars from Spain. Even there they are now discarded, owing to their
irregular blooming. The staminate, or male blossoip, appears several

Six

Producing a Large , Delicious, Nutritious Nut

This shows the yield of one small branch of a Walnut tree belonging to Mr. Robert

Schleicher, Lewiston, Idaho.

weeks ahead of the pistillate, or female blossom; hence no pollen and no
nuts. This led me to investigate further, and I bought and planted a number
of French varieties, including the Praeparturien, Franquette, Mayette, Parisienne
and Chaberte. Out of these I finally selected the Franquette and Mayette as
being best adapted to our soil, climate $nd market, giving preference to the
Franquette, which I think is somewhat hardier, a more regular bloomer and a
little more prolific.

Adaptability of Our Various Soils

“In order to thoroughly test the adaptability of the Franquette and May-
ette to our various soils and sections, I gave away several hundred yearling trees,
and have received most gratifying reports, whether planted on the Puget Sound,
Columbia River Valley, Coast country, red hill lands, or on hollow lands in the
Willamette Valley. However, in walnut growing three things are most essential
and it is difficult to say which is most important, but they are Soil, Generation
and Variety. While walnuts do well on all soil, even rocky soil, they are grate-
ful to kind treatment when planted in a fairly rich soil, but there must be no
hard-pan. The sub-soil must be loose and open so the roots can grow down as
far as they desire, for as soon as they reach hard-pan the tree stops growing and
pf course this lessens the nut crop.

Seven

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

Showing a section of a Walnut tree belonging to Robert Schleicher, Lewiston, Idaho.

The absence of leaves caused by grasshoppers.

Influence of Pollination

“There has been considerable controversy about trees from first gener-
ation nuts bearing smaller nuts than grafted trees. I have not found it so,
for I had as large and fine nuts on my trees grown from first generation seed as
those from grafted trees; but also found that both kinds have some small nuts
as well as large nuts; which led me again to study that point, and have reached
the conclusion that the difference in size is due to pollination and starvation.
When in the spring the pistillate blooms appear they usually come in pairs and
generally are of equal size, until one of them forges ahead in growth and vigor
by being better pollinated, and being stronger uses more nourishment, or in
other words, the small one is starved out, making little growth and in conse-
quence produces a smaller nut. It seems to be the law of Nature — the survival
of the fittest.

Walnut Growing Profitable

“Walnut growing under favorable conditions is as profitable, if not more so,
than any other branch of fruit raising, and as Oregon imports annually over
$400,000.00 worth of nuts, it seems a good business proposition.”

Vrooman Franquette a Hardy, Late Blooming Variety

Judge Lieb, of San Jose, California, who has rp$d§ a thorough study of

JSight

Producing a Large , Delicious, Nutritious Nut

A profitable Walnut tree belonging to Thomas Brurik, Polk County, Oregon. Last
year this tree bore 6 bushels of nuts, or equivalent to about $50 worth.

walnuts in almost every condition, obtaining samples and particulars from many
foreign and American growers, referring to varieties for Central and Northern
California, says: “But two varieties need to be considered — the Franquette ar.d
the Mayette — but on account of the latter’s tendency to start early in the spring,
is not considered as profitable; whereas the Franquette, being a well-known late
blooming variety, is to be preferred.”

Northern Sections Produce High-Grade Nuts

The late Felix Gillet, of Nevada City, California, in one of his articles on

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

walnut culture, said: * ‘Walnut culture in the Willamette Valley, Oregon,- has

the advantage over nuts grown in Southern California in having a smooth, white
shell without a prominent seam, while the meat is fat, the pellicle of a pale
yellow, and the quality fine.” To this might be added the fact that the ex-
treme heat of some southern sections causes the nuts to sunburn, as well as in-
juring the tree. This results in the nuts having a bitter taste in place of the
sweet, pleasant flavor found in the northern product. Naturally the remarks of
Mr. Gillet would apply equally well to other northern sections as to the Willam-
ette Valley in particular.

Remarks of Prof. Ralph E. Smith , a Recognized Walnut Authority

In Bulletin No. 231, published by the Agricultural Department of the Uni-
versity of California, Prof. Ralph E. Smith, plant pathologist and superintendent
of Southern California Pathological Laboratory and Experiment Station, who is
recognized as one of the best walnut authorities in California , among other things
concerning the Franquette says:

Franquette Recognized as a Standard

“The Franquette is undoubtedly our best proven variety for Central and
Northern California, and has one great advantage over any other variety for that
section, that it has been thoroughly tested, and its merits and demerits well es-
tablished. As regards quality of nut, this variety may be taken as a standard,^
as it is undoubtedly the best of any variety which has been widely tested in Cali-
fornia. Its characteristic and uniform shape, light, attractive color, both of
shell and meat, firm sealing yet easy cracking quality, and the particularly pleas-
ing flavor and consistency of the meat, all go to make the Franquette nut one of
the very highest quality.

“The variety is also strong in freedom from blight and spring frost injury ,
on account of its very late season of coming out. The thick husk and abundant
foliage protect the nuts from sunburn to a very large extent, and the variety is
not especially susceptible to any other trouble.

“Franquette nuts have commonly sold for nearly twice the price of Cali-
fornia seedlings.

Our Company Recognizes Superior Merit

“The present standing of the Franquette as the leading Northern Califor-
nia and Oregon variety is based on the success of the Vrooman grove at Santa
Rosa. This sixty-acre walnut orchard was planted by the late Mrs. Emily Vroo-
man at a time when walnut growing north of Santa Barbara county was abso-
lutely unknown, and as a result of Mrs. Vrooman’s investigations of and confi-
dence in the Franquette, the quality of this variety is well established. Through
the influence of our company, who bought the scions and nuts from the
Vrooman orchard for a period of several years, the fame and popularity
of the Franquette is largely extended, and many others have become familiar
with and planted the Franquette on a considerable scale, both in Central and
Northern California and Oregon.”

Concerning the flavor Prof. Smith says: “It is sweet and free from bit-

terness, with a characteristic nutty flavor, approaching that of a hickory nut.
The consistency of the meat is also characteristic, being soft, or oily,”

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious Nut

This is a Franquette Walnut tree, four years from transplanting, on Ferry street
between Sixth and Seventh, Albany, Ore. Note the splendid yield of this young tree.
There is no more desirable tree for planting on your curb or in your front or back
yard, than the Vrooman Franquette Walnut.

Possibilities of Walnut Culture

Much might be said on this point. When one takes into consideration,
however, that in the year 1909, according to statistics compiled by the United
States Department of Commerce and Labor, there were 26,157,000 pounds of
walnuts, valued at over $2,250,000, imported into this country, and that in 1912
the importations had increased to over 37,000,000 pounds, valued at over $4,-

Eleven

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

000,000 — we get a fair idea as to the immense market there is for good walnuts
in this country, and if you have ever compared imported nuts with home grown
nuts you will appreciate that the home grown product is of a very much better
grade and higher quality. As Dr. Walgamot, in his letter on Page 12, states that
some of the leading merchants of Portland told him that they sold twelve times
as many walnuts as all other kinds of nuts combined, shows conclusively that
there is a demand already existing for this product.

Regular and Reasonable Profits

It is claimed by some of the largest walnut growers in Southern California
that some of their individual trees produce as high as $40 worth of nuts per year,
while the general average is between $20 and $25 per tree. Figuring 27 trees to
the acre— which is the number required if set 40 feet apart— it means at least
$540 to $675 per acre. From the little attention required by walnut trees they have
been termed the “Lazy Man’s Orchard.” It is much as Mr. Foss says in his letter
on Page 23: “It is not the selling price we are so much after as it is the amount

left after all expenses are paid.” Considering the fact that walnuts are probably
the most easily handled orchard crop to be had, the net returns per acre will com-
pare most favorably with any other line.

WELL PLEASED WITH THE WALNUT TREES.

“Your favor of the 3rd just received. I am well pleased with the walnut
trees you shipped me this fall, also the peach trees that came with them. I be-
lieve the walnut will do as well here in the hills as any fruit and walnut trees the
size I received will grow easily and quickly. You may refer any one to me you
wish to.” — W. J. Cameron, Derby, Ore., Dec. 9, 1913.

« — o —

A BANKER’S OPINION-

“I am pleased to be able to say in regard to the Vrooman Franquette Walnut
trees ordered of you, that the trees were delivered in the very best of condition
about the first of this month. The stock exceeded my expectations in size and ap-
pearance. Further, I desire to express my highest appreciation of the treatment I
h&ve received at your hands — your prompt and cordial attention to my order and
the manner in which and the character of the stock with which it was filled.

“While my experience with the walnut has been very limited, yet I share
with you the optimistic view of the possibilities of this enterprise. I am inter-
ested in the success of your effort to secure for it the recognition it deserves, and
shall be pleased to be helpful to you in any way possible in the furtherance of
the undertaking.

“My trees are planted in good form and in what we think is a most favor-
able location. We are very hopeful of the best results here and will doubtless
be in the market for another shipment of this same class of stock next year.
Kindly keep me on your list.

“Please accept my most cordial thanks for the dozen special trees delivered
to me by your agent here.

“Please be free to refer to me in any case where I may be of service to
you.” — W. H. Gore, Medford, Ore., Dec. 17, 1913.

(Mr. Gore is president of the Medford National Bank.)

Twelve

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious Nut

A 4-year-old Vrooman Franquette Walnut belonging to L. E. Blaine, of Albany, Ore.,
which is estimated to have a half bushel of nuts on it.

SINGLE WALNUT TREE PRODUCES $70 WORTH OF NUTS.

Juliaette, Ida., Oct. 19, 1913.

“Right in the heart of Juliaette this season 280 pounds of walnuts were
gathered from a single tree. The ground has never been cultivated and the tree
has grown in cramped quarters. At 25 cents per pound this tree produced a crop
worth*$70. One of our salesmen, who is familiar with this tree, advises that it
is undoubtedly of the Franquette variety, as the tree has the characteristics and
theInut*is"of£this'type.

Thirteen

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

Fourteen

“One Walnut tree at the home of C. H. Lew, Escondido, California, is re-
ported to have produced 275 pounds of nuts last year. Pacific Rural Press.

50
0) Oh

A 3-year-old Franquette, corner State and

14th street, Salem; bore 8 nuts in 1913.

Vancouver, Wash., Dec. 22, 1913. —
Gentlemen: I owe you an apology for

not answering your letter sooner, but it
was mislaid. The acre of orchard spoken
of contained 55 trees and produced a
little over 3700 pounds of nuts, which
brought 20 cents per pound. The trees
are of the Franquette and Mayette va-
rieties and are seedlings. Any further
information you may desire will be gladly
given.— B. Norman Sturgess, for O.
D. Sturgess.

N. B. — The reader will observe that
Mr. Sturgess realized the neat sum of
$740 from his “one-acre Walnut Grove. ”
The best possible evidence and the
strongest arguments in favor of walnuts
is the cold, hard, demonstrated facts
that the walnut trees are putting up in
their own behalf. When the right va-
riety is planted, the possibilities open to
orchardists in walnut culture through-
out the entire Western states is beyond
the fond dreams of the most optimistic.

Producing a Large , Delicious, Nutritious Nut

Walnut tree on the property of Dr. E. P. Geary, Medford, Ore. Dr. Geary
says: “My walnut grove is almost an accident * * * they grew in

spite of all kinds of neglect. We never took the walnut very seriously until we
found many more nuts than we could use, and last year had $100.00 worth to
sell. I think the walnut tree is ideal for beauty and profit on any farm or door-
yard on which it will grow. ’ 7

Fifteen

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

This shows a portion of the walnut tree in the previous illustration be-
longing to Dr. Geary at close range. How would you like to have several walnut
trees bearing like this one?

Sixteen

Producing a Large , Delicious, Nutritious Nut

Franquette Walnut belonging to Mr. John Spurgeon, Clarke county, Washington. Ob-
serve the lower limbs weighted with their burden of nuts.

“For the last six years my 23-year-old Walnut tree averaged about 200
pounds of nuts per year. ” — Mrs. W. R. Kirk, Brownsville, Oregon.

Seventeen

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

This is another heavy bearing Walnut tree owned by Mr. John Spurgeon, fruit grower,

Clarke county, Washington.

“The Franquette Walnuts I bought of you last Spring have done fine. They
were planted June 1st, and have now made a growth of two feet.” — Michael
Konni, Peck, Idaho.

Eighteen

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious Nut

A 6-year-old walnut tree, Lewiston, Idaho, bearing its first delicious nuts this year.

“I have four different varieties of Walnut trees in bearing, and can say that
my Franquette is by far the best that I have. It blooms later, yields more nuts
and I get 3 cents per pound more for them than for other varieties,” — H. Meh-
LANN, San Luis Obispo, California.

Nineteen

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

Another sample of prolific Walnut trees which are to be found almost any place
through the Willamette Valley and tributary sections.

“I am confident the Walnut industry is to become one of the important hor-
ticultural industries of Oregon. Walnut growing appeals especially to conserva-
tive persons who are looking for an industry which permits regular and reason-
able profits. I believe that those who use good judgment in the selection of site,
soil and trees, will obtain as good net returns upon their investment as can be
obtained in any branch of the fruit business, and that the net returns will come
more regularly from Walnuts than from almost any other horticultural product..”
— H. M. Williamson, Henry Building, Portland, Oregon.

Twenty

Producing a Large , Delicious, Nutritious Nut

F~ '■

A Franquette Walnut in the vicinity of Albany, Ore., showing its early bearing
proclivities. This tree is 5 years old from transplanting.

“My first walnut trees were planted about 23 years ago, they were 3 year
olds and began bearing the third year after planting; the others were yearling
trees planted about twenty years ago and began bearing the fourth year after
planting. One seedling tree is nearly if not quite 40 feet high and is covered
every year with nuts, but of small size, the other trees are trained low. As to
yield there are too many children, squirrels and Blue Jays, saying nothing of
men, who are interested in walnuts, so that the crop when gathered does not
represent the whole yield by any means; nevertheless, I get several sacks of
nuts. The yield is quite even, last year was the only one when I had a short
crop.— Henry Hewett, Portland, Oregon.

Twenty-cne

Vrooman Franquette — A Hardy , Productive Tree

“I have an English Walnut tree on my place 1£ miles from Talent, which is
now about 12 years old. This tree began bearing when 5 or 6 years old and has
borne every year since. Last year it had over 100 pounds of nuts and this year
I am sure there are twice as many. This tree has had no pruning, spraying or
care of any kind. My only regret is that I did not put out a commercial orchard,”
— F. S. McDonald, Talent, Oregon.

This shows an 8-year-old tree on the farm of Mr. Stratton, near Albany, Ore., showing
its early bearing proclivities. This tree is 5 years old from transplanting.

Twenty-two

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious Nut

“I firmly believe that the
Franquette Walnut will be
the best paying crop that
can be grown here, and that
on account of its blooming
so much later than most
other varieties it will escape
the late Spring frosts. In
23 years residence here I
have turned from the apple
and pear andpinned my faith
to the walnut. Have visited
the large groves both in
Oregon and California, and
each visit makes me more
enthusiastic over our possi-
bilities here. Beside a few
old bearing trees I have ten
acres in walnuts, mostly 3
and 5 years of age, and will
plant the balance of my place
this season. Am growing
trees at present under sev-
eral conditions. Have some
planted in an irrigated al-
falfa meadow with only a
small circle spaded around
the tree and these have
made a better growth than
those in the cultivated area,
due mainly to shading I be-
lieve. It will probably pay
to shade young trees for at
least two seasons. In con-
clusion, wish to emphasize
the fact that the main thing
in favor of the walnut is the
low cost of growing the
trees and ease of harvesting
the crop with a very small
expense account. It is not
the selling price we are so
much after as it is the
amount left after all ex-
penses are paid. This is
where the walnut is a win-
ner.”— E. E. Foss, R. F.
D. 1, Talent, Oregon.

Mr. E. W. Fish, of Salem, Ore., and one of his Vrooman Franquette trees, sec-
ond year from planting. The surroundings show that Mr. Fish is a thorough horticul-
turist and appreciates the value of intelligent cultivation.

“In my grove of English walnuts there are 15 trees running from 7 to 9
inches in diameter six inches from the ground. They were planted in 1906, be-
ing 1 year old at time of planting. When four years old they bore a few nuts,
perhaps a dozen; about 125 pounds at seven, and this, the eighth year, there will be
a still further gain. The soil is a gravelly, clay loam; perhaps 20 inches under
this a compact clay gravel, seemingly hard to penetrate, but the roots work
down under it somehow. Trees have had clean cultivation and fairly good care.
Personally I am well satisfied for the nuts are of fine quality and size. I see no
reason why the English (or Persian) walnut should not do well in this part of the
state if planted right and taken care of properly.” — W. J. Dean, Talent, Ore.

Twenty-three

Vrooman Franquette— A Hardy , Productive Tree

TWELVE TIMES AS MANY WALNUTS CONSUMED AS ALL OTHER KINDS OF

NUTS COMBINED.

“Five years ago I purchased from your company sufficient walnut trees of
the Vrooman Franquette variety to plant 35 acres — thirty acres of grafted trees
the balance 1-year-old seedlings. The grafted ones have done fine and I gathered
my first crop this year; while few in number they are well filled and large, which
the photograph I am sending you will show— six of the nuts measuring 12 inches.

“I believe from observation, the Franquette (Vrooman) the best variety
for Oregon plantings and am much encouraged as to the outlook for walnut grow-
ing in this state. I have asked several grocerymen what proportion of walnuts
they sell as compared with other nuts, and the average is nearly twelve times
as many walnuts AS all other nuts combined. People are beginning to
know the food value of walnuts and when they realize that one pound of wal-
nuts (varieties like the Franquette) contains as much nutriment as three
pounds of beef OR mutton there will be more eaten and some of the high cost
of living will be solved.

“I would not take less than $1000 per acre for my walnut planting at this
time.”— Dr. F. H. Walgamot, Portland, Ore., Dec. 2, 1913.

— o —

“BEST WALNUTS WE HAVE EVER EATEN.”

“Both your communications under date of the 1st were duly received, to-
gether with the generous supply of Vrooman Franquette Walnuts, which we do
not hesitate to pronounce the best walnuts we have ever eaten.” — Glen Bros.,
Inc., Per E. S. Mayo, President; Rochester, N. Y., Dec. 16, 1913.

— o —

“I WISH I HAD PLANTED MORE.”

“The Vrooman Franquette Walnut trees you sent me came all 0. K. I am
so well pleased with them that I now wish I had ordered more. Have you any
more of the same size and kind on hand.” — J. A. Copeland, Myrtle Creek, Ore.,
March 10, 1913.

(The size Mr. Copeland has reference to is our 5 to 6 foot grade, the kind
we recommend as giving the best satisfaction and results.)

— o —

MR. HANLEY SAYS HE HAS FOUND WALNUT TREES THE EASIEST OF ALL

TREES TO TRANSPLANT.

“Five years ago I planted 35 second generation walnut trees — thirty being
of the Franquette and five of the Mayette varieties. They all lived and those
that have not been broken off or planted in the shade of larger trees have made
an excellent growth with little care.

“I have found them the easiest of all trees to transplant. Their lateness
in budding in the spring will make them a success as a nut tree in this valley”—
A. E. Hanley, Central Point, Ore., Oct. 27, 1913.

Twenty-four

Producing a Large , Delicious , Nutritious Nut

Ornamental as Well as Useful

Not only is the Vrooman Franquette tree a very desirable orchard tree, but
it stands high as an ornamental shade tree for planting on the grounds around a
residence. It also makes a splendid avenue or street tree. What would be nicer
than to plant a row of Vrooman Franquettes on either side of a driveway leading
from your home to the road, or planting a row of trees along the front of your
property? It would only be a few years until these trees would be producing a
crop sufficient to more than pay your taxes. They are to be preferred to the
average shade tree, such as maples, elms, etc., and besides giving the same serv-
ice as these trees, will produce a profitable crop as well. The Vrooman Franquette
should be included in every home orchard, along with other lines of fruit.

The Tree We Recommend

On Page 3 you will find a partial view showing the kind of trees we are
selling. They are large, heavy rooted, clean, first-class trees. Experience has
demonstrated that a large walnut tree with a good strong constitution and heavy
root system transplants more successfully than does a smaller tree. We consider
the larger tree the most satisfactory and economical in the long run.

The Time to Plant Is — Now

Don’t put off planting at least a few Vrooman Franquette walnut trefes.
Nothing increases the value of your property like good nursery stock, and par-
ticularly walnuts. Trees planted now will be yielding you nuts for your own use
at least in a few short years, and by that time the demand for walnuts, based on
the increase of the past few years, will be such that your trees will be worth a
good deal of money. As an illustration of the value of these trees we cite this
incident: About three years ago one of. our salesmen sold a man in this Valley

several walnut trees with the understanding that in two years time if he was not
satisfied the salesman would take back the trees and refund the money. When
the appointed time came the salesman called on his friend, stating that he had
come for the walnut trees, according to the agreement made at the time of the
sale. To make a long story short, the customer stated he would not consider
selling those trees for $10 each. You will be in exactly the same position a few
years hence if you will plant some trees now.

FILBERTS

^THE FILBERT, or Hazel as it is often called, is best suited of all nut-bear-
ing trees to garden culture. They are generally described as shrubs or
low trees. In “Nut Culture in the United States” published by the United
States Department of Agriculture, it states:

“All are unisexual, having staminate blossoms in catkins, developed in the
axils of the leaves, on the wood growth of the previous year. The catkins are
visible as early as August of the previous season, and in March and April scatter
the pollen freely. The pistilate blossoms compose a star-like tuft of crimson
stigmas projecting beyond the short, scaly bud, the inner scales of which keep
pace with the growth of the enlarging pistils so as to nearly or wholly enclose it

Twenty-five

Filberts

at maturity. The pistillate blossoms sometimes bloom later in the spring than
the staminate ones on the same bush, and in such cases it is necessary to supply
pollen from other sources, at the proper time, to secure crops of nuts. ’ 9

In this section the Barcelona blossom in January and du Chilly in February.

A. A. Quarnberg, the nut expert of Clarke County, Washington, says:

“The Filbert is another commercial
nut of much promise in the Northwest,
which by climatic conditions is especi-
ally adapted to its culture. The Filberts
consumed in the United States must
either be produced in the Northwest or
continue to be imported from foreign
countries, as repeated efforts to raise
them in Eastern and Southern states
have been so discouraging that the busi-
ness has now practically been abandoned.
There is, therefore, a ready market for
almost any amount of Filberts that may
be grown in this part of the country, and
favorable conditions for their culture is a valuable asset and a resource worth
developing.

“The industry is yet in its infancy, but is expected to advance more rapid-
ly now that it is known that it can be made a success. The Filbert is not gener-
ally known and appreciated as it deserves to be, a good Filbert is mild and a fine
flavor.

“As far as known the first experimental Filbert trees of European vari-
eties were planted in Clarke County in the spring of 1894 by Nat. M. Norelius,
Henry J. Biddle and the writer. In the following years others planted in small
quantities, but it remained for John E. Norelius in 1900 to set out enough trees,
300 in number, to be called an orchard, and which at that time was the largest
Filbert orchard in the Northwest. Each year has since added to the number of
planted trees so the time is not far distant when Filbert culture will be numbered
among the important industries of the country. • 9

The soil and climate of Southwestern Washington and the Willamette Val-
ley has been demonstrated to be well adapted to Filbert raising, by growing the
largest and finest of European varieties for a number of years, and the superior
quality can easily be proven by tasting them.

FILBERTS AS FILLERS.

The Filbert is well adapted to be used as a filler for Walnut orchards as it
will come into bearing early and will never reach a height to interfere with the
Walnut trees and may be easily removed when the Walnuts need all the space.
They are usually grown in tree form and not as bushes when planted in commer-
cial orchards, and are usually planted about 10 feet each way.

“The thin, unfruitful twigs are removed and the fruitful limbs shortened
back nearly to the female buds. Care should be taken to leave sufficient male
catkins for an ample supply of pollen. The fruit spurs are near the extermities
of the last years growth, and nuts are more abundant where light and air have
ready access. In the fifth or sixth year trees should bear considerable fruit.
Trees of this age in England are reported to produce 3 to 4 pounds’of nuts each, ”
says “Nut Culture in the United States. ”

Successful Filbert orchards are also grown at Monmouth, Springfield, Eu-
gene, Shaw, Corvallis and other points in the Willamette Valley.

SALEM NURSERY COMPANY,

Salem, Oregon.

Filbert Orchard of A. A. Quarnberg-, Clarke
County, Washing-ton.

Twenty-six

SALEM NURSERY COMPANY

SALEM : OREGON

Extensive Growers of

Fruit, Shade and Ornamental Trees
Flowering Shrubs, Roses, Vines, Etc.

and the

Vrooman Franquette Walnut

Fositions Open for Capable Salesmen