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Historic,  Archive  Document 

Do  not  assume  content  reflects  current 
scientific  knowledge,  policies,  or  practices. 


RETURN  TO  POMOLOGY 

' SECTION  op  nomenclature 


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1.  Sections  of  Propagating  Houses.  2.  Penna.  Railroad  Siding  to  Packing  House.  3.  jDelivery  Motor  Truck. 

4.  Loading  Shipments.  5 and  6.  Sections  of  Packing  Houses. 


KEfuRN  TO  POHOLOG7 
SECTION  OF  NOMENCLATURE 


23 


Preliminary  Remarks 

YEARS,  with  their  successes  and  failures,  have  elapsed  since  our  business  began 
by  the  erec^on  °f  one  small  greenhouse  with  about  one  acre  of  ground.  Today,  after 
LrVj2  the  ^aPse  °f  over  a century*  with  15,000  feet  of  glass  and  nearly  1,000  acres  of 

/ rr\  land,  we  feel  that  our  efforts  to  supply  the  best  nursery  stock  that  can  be  grown  have 

hJfi  ^ J not  been  in  vain.  With  the  experience  gained  throughout  this  long  period,  by  im- 

proved  systems  of  cultivation  and  an  earnest  desire  to  merit  the  confidence  of  our 
customers,  we  trust  to  be  favored  with  the  influence  and  patronage  of  our  friends  in 
the  future  as  in  the  past. 

Starting  out  with  the  intention  and  belief  that  every  tree  and  plant  sold  should  be  true  to  name  and 
of  the  best  quality,  as  far  as  human  skill  can  make  it,  we  confidently  believe  this  course  has  been  the  main- 
spring of  our  success,  and  of  the  confidence  reposed  in  us  by  thousands  of  planters  in  every  section  of  the 
country. 

All  fruits  and  ornamental  plants  when  first  introduced,  provided  they  show  merit,  are  at  once  procured 
and  thoroughly  tested  before  sending  out  to  our  customers.  In  cases  where  it  is  not  possible  to  make  a 
personal  test  we  are  careful  to  ascertain  the  reputation  of  the  introducer  in  every  instance,  so  that  we  may 
rely  upon  his  statements,  until  such  time  as  we  are  able  to  grow  sufficient  quantities  for  dissemination. 

Our  Nurseries  are  located  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  West  Chester,  Pa.,  twenty-seven  miles  west  of 
Philadelphia,  and  with  which  we  have  nearly  hourly  communication  by  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad. 

Our  Office  is  directly  adjoining  Maple  Avenue  station  (West  Chester),  and  is  ten  minutes’  walk  from 
the  main  station,  in  West  Chester.  A trolley-car  ( fare  thirty  cents)  leaves  Sixty-ninth  and  Market  streets, 
Philadelphia,  every  thirty  minutes  for  West  Chester. 

Our  Large  and  Commodious  Packing-houses,  covering  several  acres  of  ground,  enable  us  to  do  all  of 
our  grading,  assorting,  and  packing  work  strictly  under  cover,  so  that  our  stock  is  not  exposed  to  the  sun 
or  the  wind.  A Pennsylvania  Railroad  siding  runs  directly  into  our  packing-houses,  thus  giving  us  the 
most  improved  and  perfect  packing  and  shipping  facilities. 

The  Shipping  Season  begins  in  March  or  April  in  the  spring  and  October  in  the  autumn.  The  exact 
date  depends  upon  the  weather  conditions  at  the  Nurseries.  Our  stock  is  dug  and  shipped  as  early  in  the 
season  as  practicable  for  the  best  results,  and  even  though  vegetation  may  be  somewhat  advanced  in  cer- 
tain localities  when  the  goods  are  received,  the  stock  being  dormant  when  shipped,  can  be  planted  without 
risk  and  will  give  entire  satisfaction. 

Exceptional  Care  is  taken  in  digging  trees  -and  plants  to  prevent  unnecessary  mutilation  of  the  roots, 
which  are  the  vital  organs  of  the  vegetable  world.  With  the  best  o'  care,  however,  some  roots  will  be  more 
or  less  broken,  owing  to  the  peculiar  underground  growth  of  many  species. 

Accurate  Grading  of  all  stock  receives  strict  attention,  so  that  our  customers  may  rely  upon  receiving 
the  sizes  ordered;  at  the  same  time,  we  beg  our  customers  not  to  overlook  the  fact  that  different  varieties 
have  different  habits  of  growth;  some  of  the  choicest  varieties  of  fruits  and  ornamentals  are  frequently 
light  growers  in  the  nursery.  Our  desire  always  is  to  give  the  best  of  each  class  or  variety. 

Our  Nurseries  are  Annually  Inspected  by  a special  agent  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  who  has 
granted  us  a certificate  that  he  believes  our  stock  to  be  free  from  the  presence  of  infectious  diseases  and 
injurious  insects,  which  might  be  transferred  from  the  nursery  to  the  orchard  or  garden.  As  an  additional 
precaution,  we  have  two  fumigating  houses,  in  which  our  trees  are  treated  before  shipment. 

Notice.  All  quotations  are  made  subject  to  the  stock  being  unsold  at  the  time  the  orders  are  received 
by  the  company,  and  all  orders  accepted  upon  condition  that  they  will  be  void  in  case  the  stock  ordered  is 
injured  by  drought,  frost,  or  other  casualties,  before  the  shipping  season  arrives. 

Warranty.  We  exercise  the  strictest  supervision  in  the  propagation  of  our  trees  and  plants,  using  the 
utmost  care  to  have  the  same  genuine  and  reliable;  and  whilst  we  hold  ourselves  prepared  to  replace,  on 
proper  proof,  any  that  might  prove  untrue,  we  do  not  give  any  warranty,  express  or  impl  ed,  and  in  case 
of  errors  on  our  part,  it  is  mutually  agreed  between  the  customer  and  ourselves  that  we  shall  not  at  any 
time  be  held  responsible  for  a greater  amount  than  the  original  purchase  price  of  trees  or  plants. 

Visitor*  are  at  All  Times  Welcome  and  will  be  cheerfully  shown  over  our  grounds,  whether  purchasers 
or  not.  As  we  feel  a pardonable  pride  in  our  collection  of  rare  trees,  hybrid  roses,  etc.,  all  interested  in 
their  culture  are  invited  to  inspect  the  results  of  our  work. 

HOOPES,  BRO.  & THOMAS  COMPANY 

West  Chester,  Pa. 


Part  I.  Fruit  Department 
APPLES 

Taking  into  consideration  its  hardiness,  productiveness  and  general  commercial  value,  the  Apple  stands  at  the 
head  of  our  list  of  fruits.  In  selecting  the  most  important  varieties  for  cultivation,  it  has  been  our  constant  aim 
to  secure  only  those  of  standard  excellence,  and  in  no  instance  to  recommend  a novelty  without  ascertaining  its 
history  from  a reliable  source.  Although  a few  of  the  kinds  herein  enumerated  are  almost  universally  popular 
everywhere,  others  are  not  satisfactory  except  in  certain  favored  localities.  We  have  divided  the  list  of  varieties 
into  sections,  according  to  their  ripening  season.  This  is  intended  for  the  latitude  of  the  middle  states,  conse- 
quently those  residing  further  north  or  south  should  make  due  allowance  for  their  respective  locations. 

Insects  and  Diseases 

The  failures  in  fruit  growing  are  mostly  caused  by  insects  or  fungus  diseases,  but  thanks  to  the  scientific 
investigator,  remedies  have  been  discovered  that  are  easily  applied. 

APPLES — Borer — This  little  worm  enters  the  trunk  at  the  ground.  Examine  the  tree  in  June  and  September, 
and  cut  out  the  grub  with  a knife,  or  open  out  the  hole  and  run  a knitting  needle  in.  It  will  follow  the  course 
of  the  little  rascal  and  finish  him. 

His  presence  will  be  noticed  by  the  sawdust  around  the  tree  at  the  top  of  the  ground.  One  of  the  oldest  and 
still  one  of  the  best  methods  to  prevent  damage  is  to  mound  up  the  earth  about  the  trunks  of  the  tree  to  a 
height  of  ten  or  more  inches  early  in  June  and  removing  it  again  in  the  fall.  This  method  is  inexpensive  and  will 
protect  the  trees  from  a large  percentage  of  the  borers. 

CODDLING  MOTH,  or  Apple  Worm. — This  is  the  main  cause  of  so  much  imperfect  fruit  and  is  easily  pre- 
vented by  spraying  with  arsenate  of  lead  (paste),  2 lbs.,  to  50  gallons  of  water,  first  spraying  as  soon  as  petals  fall 
and  repeat  in  ten  days. 


Section  I — Summer  Apples 

Astrachan  Red.  Rather  large;  color  bright 
red,  with  a distinct  bloom;  flesh  white,  crisp, 
juicy,  quite  acid.  Vigorous  and  productive.  July. 

Benoni.  Medium,  roundish  or  slightly  conical; 
bright  yellow,  with  deep  red  stripes  and  dots ; 
flesh  yellow,  rich,  tender,  subacid,  very  good.  Aug. 

Carolina  Red  June.  Medium  size,  oblong; 
deep  red;  whhe  flesh,  juicy,  subacid,  tender  and 
pleasant.  Hardy,  and  a good  bearer.  July. 

Cornell’s  Fancy.  Medium  size,  oblong-coni- 
cal; color  yellow,  handsomely  striped  with  red; 
flesh  white,  crisp,  tender,  juicy,  pleasantly  sub- 
acid. Productive  and  a vigorous  grower.  Aug. 

Early  Colton.  Medium  to  large;  whitish  yel- 
low, tinted  with  red;  quality  excellent.  A hand- 


some Apple.  First  to  middle  of  July. 

Early  Harvest.  Very  productive  with  good 
cultivation.  Medium  size,  roundish;  smooth, 
bright  straw-color;  flesh  white,  juicy,  crisp  and 
tender,  with  a rich  subacid  flavor.  July. 

Early  Strawberry.  Medium,  roundish;  striped 
with  red  on  a yellowish  ground;  tender,  sprightly 
subacid,  with  an  agreeable  perfume.  Aug. 

Early  Ripe.  Medium  roundish  oblate;  pale 
yellow,  sprinkled  with  a few  gray  dots ; flesh 
white,  tender,  juicy,  subacid;  very  productive. 
July. 

Golden  Sweet.  Rather  large,  roundish;  pale 
straw-color;  sweet,  tender,  rich  and  excellent. 
Tree  vigorous,  spreading  and  very  productive. 
Aug.  and  Sept. 


2 


Primate.  Medium,  roundish ; light  yellow ; 
flesh  white,  tender,  juicy,  subacid;  fine  for  dessert. 
A fair  grower  and  productive.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Starr.  Large  oblate;  color  yellowish-green; 
flesh  rather  coarse,  juicy,  subacid.  A profitable 
market  variety.  Only  suitable  for  light  soils. 
Middle  of  July. 

Summer  Hagloe.  Large;  color  bright  red; 
flesh  white,  juicy,  subacid.  July. 

Summer  Pearmain.  Medium,  oblong;  red, 
streaked  with  yellow;  flesh  yellow,  especially  ten- 
der, subacid,  with  a rich  flavor.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Summer  Pippin.  Nyack  Pippin.  Large;  yel- 
low with  slight  blush;  best  quality.  First  of  Aug. 

Summer  Queen.  Large,  roundish  conical; 
yellow,  prettily  striped  with  red ; flesh  yellow, 
spicy,  rich  and  rather  acid.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Summer  Rambo.  Medium  to  large;  green, 
striped  with  red  on  the  sunny  side;  pleasant, 
sprightly  subacid  and  good.  Early  in  Sept. 

Sweet  Bough.  Large  Yellow  Bough.  Rather 
large,  roundish;  pale  greenish  yellow;  flesh  white, 
tender,  very  sweet,  and  of  agreeable  flavor.  Tree 
forms  a round  head;  moderately  vigorous.  Aug. 

Summer  Rose.  Fruit  small,  roundish,  yellow 
streaked  with  red;  flesh  tender,  juicy,  very  good. 
First  of  August. 

Tetofsky.  A Russian  Apple.  Medium  size,  ob- 
late conical  striped  with  red  on  a yellow  ground ; 
flesh  white,  juicy,  subacid.  Aug. 

Townsend.  Medium  size,  oblate;  pale  yellow, 
striped  with  red;  flesh  white,  tender,  subacid  and 
of  agreeable  flavor.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Williams  Early  Red.  Medium;  color  dull 
red;  fine  quality;  tree  a poor  grower.  July. 

Yellow  Transparent.  Russian  origin.  Medium, 
roundish  oblate;  color  changing  from  white  to 
clear  yellow ; flesh  tender,  subacid,  very  good. 
Tree  a light  grower,  hardy  and  bears  early.  First 
of  July. 

Section  II — Autumn  Apples 

Alexander.  Russian  origin.  Large  size,  coni- 
cal ; greenish  yellow,  striped  with  orange  and 
bright  red;  flesh  yellowish  white,  juicy,  subacid. 
Oct. 

Autumn  Strawberry.  Medium  size,  roundish ; 
whitish,  striped  with  red  and  covered  with  a thin 
bloom;  flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  tender,  with  a pleas- 
ant subacid  flavor.  Sept,  and  Oct. 

Duchess  of  Oldenburgh.  Russian  origin. 
Medium  size,  roundish  oblate;  yellow,  streaked 
with  red;  juicy,  sprightly  subacid.  Bears  abun- 
dant crops.  Fine  for  market.  Sept. 


Fall  Pippin.  Very  large,  roundish;  rich  golden 
yellow ; flesh  white,  tender,  with  a delicious  aro- 
matic flavor.  Oct.  and  Nov. 

Gravenstein.  Large,  flattened;  rich  yellow 
with  splashes  and  stripes  of  bright  red;  flesh 
juicy,  tender,  subacid,  crisp  and  of  fine  flavor. 
Sept,  and  Oct. 

Holland  Pippin.  Very  large,  roundish;  pale 
yellow,  with  a brownish  red  cheek;  flesh  almost 
white;  acid,  but  tender  and  rich.  Sept,  and 
Oct. 

Jefferis.  Medium  or  rather  large,  oblate  or 
roundish;  yellow  splashed  and  striped  with  red; 
flesh  white,  tender,  rich  and  juicy.  Of  moderate 
growth,  but  productive.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Maiden’s  Blush.  Rather  large,  oblate;  pale 
yellow,  with  a bright  crimson  cheek  and  a fine 
waxy  appearance;  flesh  white,  tender,  pleasant 
subacid.  Aug.  and  Sept. 

Ohio  Nonpareil.  Large,  roundish  oblate;  yel- 
low, marked  with  red;  flesh  yellowish  white,  ten- 
der, rich  subacid,  very  good.  Oct. 

Porter.  Rather  large,  clear  bright  yellow;  fine- 
grained, juicy,  tender,  sprightly  subacid,  with  an 
agreeable  aromatic  flavor.  Sept. 

Pound  Sweet.  Large;  greenish  white;  flesh 
white,  sweet  and  good,  excellent  for  cooking. 
Oct. 


Cornell’s  Fancy  Apple — Page  2 


3 


Autumn  Apples— continued 

Rambo.  Medium  size;  yellowish  white,  striped 
with  dull  red;  tender,  rich  and  fine  flavored.  Oct. 
to  Dec. 

Red  Bietigheimer.  German  origin.  Very 
large;  light  yellow,  almost  covered  with  purplish 
crimson;  flesh  white,  firm,  subacid.  Sept. 

Strode’s  Birmingham.  Medium,  conical; 
smooth,  rich  yellow,  with  a few  gray  dots ; flesh 
yellow,  juicy,  with  a sprightly  subacid  flavor. 
Growth  upright  and  vigorous;  productive.  Sept. 

Wolf  River.  A large  variety;  resembling  the 
Alexander,  but  of  better  quality. 

Section  III — Winter  Apples 

Albemarle  Pippin.  Yellow  Newtown  Pippin . 
Medium,  roundish  and  oblique;  yellow,  with  a 
bright  red  cheek;  crisp,  firm,  juicy,  with  a rich, 
high  flavor.  Tree  of  slow  growth.  Dec.  to  May. 

Baldwin.  Large,  roundish;  yellow,  nearly  cov- 
ered with  red;  flesh  yellowish  white,  crisp,  juicy, 
with  a rich,  high  flavor.  Tree  a vigorous  grower 
and  very  productive.  Dec.  to  March. 

Bellefleur.  Yellow  Bellflower.  Large,  oblong 
and  tapering;  smooth,  pale  yellow,  with  an  occa- 


sional red  cheek;  crisp,  juicy,  tender,  with  a 
sprightly  subacid  flavor.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Belmont.  Gate.  Medium  to  large;  lemon-yel- 
low, occasionally  with  a bright  red  cheek;  flesh 
yellowish,  juicy,  tender,  crisp.  Nov.  to  Jan. 

Ben  Davis.  Large,  roundish  ovate;  yellow, 
striped  with  red;  flesh  whitish,  subacid.  A prof- 
itable market  variety.  Dec.  to  March. 

Bismarck.  German  origin.  Large,  roundish 
and  flattened;  whitish  yellow  with  streaks  of 
bright  crimson;  juicy,  almost  tender.  Dec. 

Delaware  Winter.  Large,  roundish  oblate; 
bright  red;  juicy,  firm,  subacid  and  sprightly 
aromatic.  Tree  vigorous  and  spreading,  an  early 
and  annual  bearer  and  a long  keeper.  Jan.  to 
May. 

Delicious.  Fruit  large,  long,  tapering  and  un- 
evenly shaped;  color  dark  red  or  crimson;  flesh 
tender  with  a rich,  highly  flavored  juice.  It  has 
a very  fragrant  aroma.  Nov.  to  Jan. 

Dickinson.  Originated  in  West  Chester,  Pa., 
from  seed  of  the  Yellow  Bellefleur.  Large,  ovate, 
inclining  to  conical;  yellow,  covered  with  faint 
streaks  of  red;  mild,  subacid,  juicy  and  agreeable. 
Prolific  and  regular  bearer.  Jan.  to  March. 


2-Year  Apple  Block 

4 


Winter  Apples— continued 

Dominie.  Medium,  flattish,  bright  greenish 
yellow,  with  stripes  and  splashes  of  bright  red 
and  russet  spots;  flesh  white,  exceedingly  tender 
and  juicy,  with  a very  pleasant  flavor.  Dec.  to 
March. 

Fallawater.  Very  large,  globular,  inclining  to 
conical;  yellowish  green  shaded  with  dull  red; 
flesh  greenish  white,  crisp,  juicy,  tender,  with  a 
decidedly  pleasant  flavor.  Nov.  to  Feb. 

Fameuse.  Sno7v.  Very  popular  in  northern 
districts.  Medium,  roundish  and  flattened;  deep 
red;  flesh  snow-white,  juicy,  very  tender,  sprightly, 
with  a slight  perfume.  Nov.  and  Dec. 

Gano.  Large,  roundish,  dark  brilliant  red ; 
flesh  yellow,  fine-grained,  tender,  pleasant,  mild 
subacid.  A good  shipper  and  late  keeper.  Tree 
a vigorous  grower  and  very  productive.  Superior 
to  Ben  Davis,  which  it  resembles.  Feb.  and 
March. 

Gilliflower.  Black  Gilli flower.  Fruit  medium 
to  large,  oblong,  conic;  skin  tough,  yellow  striped 
or  covered  with  dark  red;  flesh  rather  coarse; 
mild  subacid,  aromatic.  Good  for  dessert.  Oct. 
to  January. 

Greening,  Rhode  Island.  Large,  roundish 
and  flattened;  dark  green,  flesh  yellow,  tender, 
rich  and  juicy,  with  an  aromatic  flavor.  Nov.  to 
Feb. 

Greenville.  Downing’s  Winter  Maiden’s  Blush. 
Medium  to  large,  oblong  conical ; yellow,  with  a 
bright  red  cheek;  crisp,  tender,  juicy,  with  a mild 
subacid  flavor;  very  good.  Jan.  to  March. 

Grimes’  Golden.  Greatly  prized  as  a hardy 
variety,  producing  annual  crops.  Medium,  round- 
ish oblate;  rich  golden  yellow,  with  small  dots; 
flesh  yellow,  juicy,  tender,  crisp,  rich,  sprightly 
subacid,  with  a fine  aroma.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Hubbardston  Nonsuch.  Large  to  very  large, 
roundish  oblong;  yellowish  ground  with  stripes 
and  spots  of  red;  flesh  yellow,  juicy,  tender, 
sweetish  and  rich.  Nov.  to  Jan. 

Ingram.  Medium,  roundish  conical;  yellow, 
sprinkled  with  bright  carmine  stripes;  flesh  juicy 
and  of  excellent  flavor.  Very  late  in  spring. 

Ivanhoe.  Medium ; yellow,  with  a slight  blush  ; 
flavor  crisp,  sprightly,  excellent.  Jan.  to  June. 

Jonathan.  A beautiful  native  fruit  of  un- 
doubted excellence.  Medium,  roundish  conical; 
smooth,  light  yellow,  almost  covered  with  red 
stripes  and  deep  red  in  the  sun;  flesh  white,  juicy, 
tender,  with  a mild  vinous  flavor.  Nov.  to  March. 

Kaighn’s  Spitzenburg.  Origin  Gloucester 
County,  N.  J.  Fruit  rather  large,  oblong,  yellow 


striped  with  red;  flesh  coarse,  crisp,  juicy,  sub- 
acid. Nov.  to  Jan. 

King  of  Tompkins  County.  Large,  globular; 
yellow,  striped  and  shaded  with  crimson;  flesh 
yellow,  tender,  juicy,  with  a rich,  aromatic  flavor. 
Vigorous  and  productive.  Dec.  to  March. 

Lady  Apple.  Very  small,  flattish;  skin  smooth, 
glossy,  yellow  with  a bright  red  cheek;  flesh 
white,  tender,  crisp,  juicy,  with  a subacid,  agree- 
able flavor.  Dec.  to  May. 

Lankford’s  Seedling.  Medium ; yellow,  striped 
with  red;  flesh  firm,  juicy,  subacid.  Jan.  to  May. 

Lawver.  Large,  roundish ; deep  red ; flesh 
firm,  crisp,  subacid  and  of  aromatic  flavor.  Jan. 
to  May. 

Longfield.  Russian  origin,  but  liable  to  blight 
in  some  sections.  Medium  to  large ; covered  with 
red  stripes;  rich,  sprightly  subacid.  Dec.  to  April. 

Mann.  Medium,  roundish  oblate;  deep  yellow, 
often  with  a brownish  red  blush  in  the  sun;  flesh 
yellowish,  juicy,  mild,  subacid.  Jan.  to  April. 

McIntosh  Red.  Large;  skin  yellow,  nearly 
covered  with  bright  red;  flesh  white,  tender  and 
juicy.  Tree  very  hardy.  Nov.  to  Feb. 

Monmouth  Pippin.  From  Monmouth  County, 
N.  J.  Large ; pale  yellow,  with  a red  cheek ; 
juicy,  brisk,  aromatic.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Morris  Sweet.  Originated  in  Bucks  County, 
Pa.  Large,  dull  green,  sweet  and  good  quality. 
Dec. 

Nero.  Medium  to  large;  dark  red;  quality 
good;  regular  bearer;  late  keeper.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Newtown  Pippin.  Green  Newtown  Pippin. 
Medium,  roundish;  dull  green,  with  a blush  on 
the  sunny  side;  flesh  greenish  white,  juicy,  crisp, 
with  a fine  aroma  and  delicious  flavor.  Slow 
grower;  requires  high  cultivation.  Dec.  to  May. 

Northern  Spy.  Large,  roundish  oblate,  coni- 
cal; pale  yellow;  covered  with  stripes  of  purplish 
red  in  the  sun;  flesh  white,  tender,  fine-grained, 
slightly  subacid,  with  delicious  flavor.  Dec.  to 
June. 

Nottingham  Brown.  Large,  red;  flesh  white, 
juicy,  good.  Tree  a poor  grower.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Paragon.  Mammoth  Black  Tung.  A seedling 
of  Winesap,  resembling  its  parent,  but  superior. 
Large;  deep  red;  flesh  yellowish,  crisp,  firm,  with 
a pleasant  flavor.  A strong  grower  and  an  early 
and  abundant  bearer.  Dec.  to  April. 

Peck’s  Pleasant.  Medium  to  large,  roundish 
or  somewhat  flattened ; greenish  yellow,  with  a 
red  cheek;  flesh  yellowish,  fine-grained,  juicy, 
tender,  crisp,  with  subacid  flavor.  Nov.  to  March. 


5 


Winter  Apples — continued 

Pennock.  Fruit  quite  large,  oblique;  deep  red, 
with  numerous  gray  dots;  flesh  yellow,  tender 
and  juicy,  with  a sweetish  flavor.  Nov.  to  March. 

Pewaukee.  Origin,  Wisconsin,  from  seed  of 
the  Duchess  of  Oldenburgh.  Medium  to  large, 
roundish  oblate ; bright  yellow,  striped  and 
splashed  with  dark  red;  flesh  white;  slightly 
coarse,  subacid.  Tree  very  hardy.  Jan.  to  May. 

Polly.  A new  and  very  promising  Apple  from 
Lawrence  County,  Pa. ; highly  recommended. 
Medium  to  large,  oblong-conical;  pale  greenish 
yellow,  with  streaks  of  red  and  deep  red  or  car- 
mine in  the  sun;  juicy,  rich  and  excellent.  Jan. 
to  March. 


whitish  yellow,  with  a blush  and  numerous  rus- 
set patches;  tender,  juicy,  with  a rich,  pleasant, 
musky  flavor.  Vigorous  and  productive.  Nov. 
to  March. 

Rome  Beauty.  Large,  roundish ; yellow,  striped 
with  red;  flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  tender,  sprightly 
subacid.  A late  bloomer.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Russet,  American  Golden.  Sheep  Nose.  Be- 
low medium,  roundish  ovate;  dull  yellow,  almost 
covered  with  russet;  flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  tender, 
with  a rich  spicy  flavor.  Dec.  to  March. 

Russet,  English.  Medium,  roundish  or  coni- 
cal; pale  yellow,  mostly  covered  with  russet;  flesh 
yellowish  white,  crisp,  with  a pleasant  flavor. 
Jan.  to  May. 


Stayman  Winesap  Apple— Page  7 


Pyle’s  Red  Winter.  Pyle’s  Large  Red.  Large, 
round ; yellow,  shaded  with  pale  red ; flesh  whitish 
yellow,  crisp,  juicy,  subacid.  Jan.  to  March. 

Rawle’s  Janet.  Never  fail.  Medium,  oblate- 
conical  ; yellow,  striped  with  red ; flesh  whitish 
yellow,  juicy,  tender,  agreeable;  blooms  late.  Feb. 
to  June. 

Red  Romanite.  Cart  House.  Small  or  me- 
dium, roundish,  conical ; yellow,  nearly  covered 
with  red;  flesh  juicy,  fine-grained,  subacid.  Feb. 
to  April. 

Ridge  Pippin.  Rather  large,  roundish  conical, 
distinctly  ribbed;  yellow,  with  russet  dots;  flesh 
yellowish,  crisp,  juicy,  with  a mild,  sweetish 
flavor,  slightly  aromatic.  March  and  April. 

Roman  Stem.  Below  medium,  roundish ; 


Russet,  Golden.  Medium,  conic  or  roundish ; 
golden  russet  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  yellowish 
white,  rich,  tender,  mild  subacid.  Jan.  to  April. 

Russet,  Roxbury.  Boston  Russet.  Large, 
roundish,  a little  flattened ; dull  green,  covered 
with  deep  russet ; flesh  greenish  white,  slightly 
crisp,  somewhat  rich,  subacid  flavor.  Jan.  to 
June. 

Smith’s  Cider.  Medium,  roundish  oblate;  yel- 
low, shaded  and  striped  with  red;  flesh  whitish, 
crisp,  juicy,  tender  and  mild  subacid.  Tree  vig- 
orous and  productive.  Dec.  to  March. 

Smokehouse.  A popular  old  variety  in  Penn- 
sylvania, where  it  originated.  Above  medium, 
roundish  oblate;  yellow,  shaded  and  striped  with 
red;  flesh  yellowish,  crisp,  juicy,  rich  and  sub- 


6 


Winter  Apples— continued 


acid.  A rather  crooked  grower  but  productive. 
Sept,  to  Feb. 

Spitzenburg,  Esopus.  Large,  oblong  and  ta- 
pering; skin  smooth,  bright  red,  with  numerous 
russet  dots;  flesh  yellow,  crisp,  juicy,  with  a 
brisk,  rich  flavor.  A moderate  bearer.  Dec.  to 
Feb. 

Stark.  A long  keeper  and  profitable  market 
fruit.  Large,  roundish;  greenish  yellow,  shaded 
and  striped  with  red;  flesh  yellowish,  rather 
coarse,  juicy,  mild  and  subacid.  Growth  upright, 
vigorous  and  productive.  Jan.  to  May. 

Stayman  Winesap.  Raised  from  seed  of  the 
old  Winesap  by  Dr.  Stayman,  of  Kansas,  but 
better  in  every  way  than  its  parent.  Medium  to 
large,  roundish  oblong;  bright  red,  occasionally 
streaked;  flesh  yellow,  crisp,  juicy,  with  a rich 
delicious  flavor.  Tree  very  vigorous.  The  most 
profitable  winter  Apple  for  the  middle  states. 
Dec.  to  May. 

Sutton  Beauty.  Medium  or  above,  roundish 
oblate  conic;  yellow,  shaded  and  striped  with 
crimson;  flesh  whitish,  juicy,  tender,  crisp  and 
pleasant  subacid.  Nov.  to  Feb. 

Talman’s  Sweet.  Medium,  roundish ; whitish 
yellow,  with  a blush  on  one  side;  flesh  white, 
fine-grained,  with  a sweet,  rich  flavor.  Tree 
hardy  and  very  productive.  Nov.  to  Apr. 

Twenty-Ounce.  Very  large,  roundish;  green- 
ish yellow,  striped  and  mottled  with  deep  red 
flesh  sprightly  subacid,  good.  Oct.  to  Jan. 

Wagener.  Medium  to  large,  roundish  oblate; 
yellow  shaded  and  marked  with  red,  often  full 
deep  red ; flesh  yellowish,  tender,  aromatic,  mild 
subacid.  Nov.  to  Feb. 

Wealthy.  From  Minnesota;  recommended  for 
hardiness,  etc.  Medium;  roundish  oblate;  yellow, 
shaded  and  striped  with  rich,  deep,  crimson  in  the 
sun;  flesh  white,  fine-grained,  tender,  juicy,  vinous 
subacid.  Tree  vigorous.  Dec.  to  Feb. 

Westfield  Seek-no-Further.  Large,  roundish 
conical ; greenish  ground,  covered  with  dull  red ; 
flesh  white,  tender,  fine-grained,  with  a rich  Pear- 
main  flavor.  An  excellent  dessert  fruit.  Oct.  to 
Feb. 

Willow  Twig.  Medium,  roundish ; light  yel- 
low, shaded  and  striped  with  deep  red ; flesh  yel- 
lowish green,  subacid,  not  very  rich.  Jan.  to  May. 

Wine.  Hay’s,  or  Penna.  Red  Streak.  Above 
medium ; roundish,  deep  red,  occasionally  with 
yellow  stripes;  flesh  yellowish  white,  juicy,  crisp, 
rich  and  pleasant  flavor.  Oct.  to  March. 

Winesap.  Medium,  roundish  oblong;  smooth, 
dark  red ; flesh  yellow,  crisp,  firm,  with  a rich, 


high  flavor.  An  irregular  grower,  but  an  early 
and  productive  bearer.  Profitable  for  market. 
Nov.  to  May. 

Winter  Banana.  Fruit  large,  pale  yellow,  with 
a pinkish-red  blush ; flesh  somewhat  crisp,  tender, 
juicy,  aromatic.  Dec. 

Winter  Sweet  Paradise.  Quite  large,  irregu- 
lar roundish  oblate;  dull  green  with  a brownish 
blush;  flesh  white,  juicy,  sweet,  fine-grained, 
sprightly  and  excellent.  Nov.  to  March. 

York  Imperial.  Johnson’s  Fine  Winter.  Highly 
esteemed  in  Pennsylvania,  where  extensively 
planted.  A profitable  market  variety.  Medium  to 
large,  oblate,  oblique;  whitish  shaded  with  crim- 
son; flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  firm,  crisp  and  pleas- 
antly subacid.  Tree  very  productive.  Nov.  to  Feb. 

Section  IV — Crab  Apples 

General  Grant.  Large,  yellow,  with  stripes  of 
dark  red,  almost  black;  flesh  white,  moderately 
fine-grained,  mild  subacid  flavor.  Sept,  and  Oct. 

Hyslop.  Large,  in  clusters,  roundish  ovate; 
dark  rich  red,  covered  with  a thick  blue  bloom ; 
flesh  yellowish,  subacid.  Excellent  for  cooking 
purposes  and  for  converting  into  cider.  Oct. 

Large  Red.  Red  Siberian  Crab.  Roundish 
ovate;  brilliant  red  on  a pale  yellow  ground; 
flesh  acid  and  greatly  esteemed  for  preserves  and 
jellies.  Tree  rather  small. 

Large  Yellow.  Medium,  almost  round;  pale 
yellow ; flesh  similar  to  the  preceding,  and  of 
equal  use  for  preserving  purposes.  The  tree  is 
exceedingly  ornamental  when  full  of  fruit. 

Montreal  Beauty.  Large,  roundish  oblate ; 
bright  yellow,  mostly  covered  with  bright  rich 
red;  flesh  yellowish,  firm,  rich  and  acid.  This  is 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  Crabs.  Sept,  to  Oct. 

Martha.  Below  medium ; bright  yellow,  shaded 
with  light  red;  flesh  mild,  clear,  tart;  has  no  equal 
for  sauce  and  fair  to  eat  uncooked.  Oct.  to  Nov. 

Sweet-Scented.  Malus  Coronarius,  L.  Our 
native  species,  worthy  of  culture  for  its  charming 
fragrant  rose-colored  blossoms.  Large,  globular; 
translucent,  fragrant  greenish  yellow  fruit.  Tree 
of  rather  strong  growth,  20  feet  high.  Oct. 

Transcendent.  Medium,  roundish  oblong, 
flattened  at  the  ends;  golden  yellow,  with  a crim- 
son cheek  and  a delicate  white  bloom ; flesh  yel- 
low, crisp,  with  pleasant  subacid  flavor.  Sept. 

Van  Wyck  Sweet.  Large,  roundish;  smooth, 
whitish,  shaded  and  mottled  with  bright  red ; flesh 
whitish,  moderately  juicy,  rather  rich,  honeyed, 
sweet.  Vigorous  and  productive.  Sept. 

Whitney’s  No.  20.  Large,  striped  or  almost 
red  when  fully  ripe;  flesh  yellowish  white,  very 
juicy,  subacid.  Excellent  for  eating  and  canning, 
as  well  as  for  cider.  Vigorous.  August. 


7 


PEARS 


Section  of  our  Two-year-old  Pear  Trees 


Whether  for  market  or  home  consumption,  this  fruit  is  highly  esteemed  for  its  excellent  quality  and  generally 
attractive  appearance.  They  will  not  stand  neglect  so  readily  as  the  apple,  but  will  abundantly  repay  the  orchardist 
for  all  the  extra  care  and  attention  required.  Although  preferring  a strong  loam,  Pears  may  be  profitably  grown 
on  any  character  of  soil  not  too  dry,  nor  yet  retentive  of  water. 

To  obtain  best  results,  an  annual  application  of  bone-dust  and  old  well-rotted  manure  is  absolutely  indispensable. 
The  modern  system  of  spraying  the  trees  with  poisonous  solutions,  thus  destroying  injurious  insects  and  parasitic 
fungi,  cannot  be  too  highly  recommended,  as  without  their  aid  it  is  impossible  to  obtain  good  crops  of  perfect 
fruit. 

Standard  Pears,  or  those  grown  on  Pear  roots,  are  decidedly  preferable  for  general  cultivation,  but  when  several 
varieties  are  desired  in  a small  area  of  ground,  Dwarf  Pears  worked  on  quince  roots  are  admissible.  The  latter, 
however,  require  high  culture  and  constant  attention,  especially  in  the  matter  of  pruning.  Varieties  in  the  follow- 
ing list  that  are  best  suited  for  the  quince  stock  are  marked  Q. 


Section  I — Summer  Pears 

Bartlett.  Large,  oblong,  clear,  yellow,  with 
mostly  a pale  blush  on  sunny  side;  flesh  white, 
fine-grained,  juicy,  sweet  and  of  highly  aromatic 
flavor.  A profitable  market  variety.  Regular  and 
abundant  bearer.  Sept. 

Bloodgood.  Medium,  turbinate;  yellow  with 
russet  markings;  flesh  yellowish  white,  melting, 
buttery,  with  a rich,  aromatic  flavor.  Aug. 

Clapp’s  Favorite.  Large,  obovate,  ovate;  skin 
thin,  pale  yellow,  marked  with  pale  crimson  and 
fawn-colored  dots;  flesh  white,  fine-grained,  juicy, 
buttery,  rich  and  sweet.  Aug.  and  Sept.  Q. 

Doyenne  d’Ete.  Small,  roundish  obovate,  skin 
smooth,  yellow,  with  bright  red  cheek ; flesh  white, 
juicy,  melting,  with  a sweet  agreeable  flavor.  Last 
of  July. 

Koonce.  Medium  obovate;  yellow,  with  bright 
carmine  cheek;  quality  good  and  not  inclined  to 
rot  at  the  core.  July. 

Manning’s  Elizabeth.  Small,  obtuse,  pyri- 
form; bright  yellow,  with  handsome  red  cheek; 


flesh  white,  juicy,  melting,  sweet  and  of  pleasant 
flavor.  Very  productive  and  reliable.  August. 

Osband’s  Summer.  Small,  roundish  ovate; 
yellow,  with  a bright  red  cheek  and  brown  dots; 
flesh  white,  melting,  juicy,  with  a rich,  sweet 
flavor.  Aug.  Q. 

Wilder’s  Early.  Small  to  medium,  pale  yellow 
ground,  with  shading  of  brownish  carmine;  flesh 
whitish  yellow,  fine-grained,  tender,  with  a 
sprightly  subacid  flavor.  Aug. 

Section  II — Autumn  Pears 

Belle  Lucrative.  Fondante  d’  Automne.  Me- 
dium, obovate  to  globular;  pale  yellowish  green, 
with  slight  russet  markings;  flesh  melting,  juicy, 
sugary,  rich  and  delicious.  Sept. 

Beurre  d’Anjou.  One  of  the  most  popular  and 
reliable  of  its  season.  Large,  obtuse,  pyriform; 
dull  yellowish  green,  sometimes  with  a dull  red- 
dish cheek;  flesh  whitish,  juicy,  melting,  with  a 
brisk  perfumed  flavor.  Oct  to  Dec.  Q. 

Beurre  Clairgeau.  Large,  pyriform;  yellow, 
shaded  with  orange;  flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  but- 


8 


Kieffer  Pear 

tery,  with  a sugary  perfumed  flavor.  Oct.  to  Jan. 

Duchesse  d’Angouleme.  A magnificent  large 
fruit  when  successfully  grown.  Very  large,  ob- 
long, obovate;  dull  greenish  yellow,  with  russet 
markings;  flesh  white,  very  juicy,  buttery,  with  a 
rich,  excellent  flavor.  Tree  a strong  grower. 
Oct.  Q. 

Flemish  Beauty.  Large,  obovate,  pyriform; 
pale  yellow,  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  yellowish 
white,  juicy,  melting,  sweet  and  rich.  Last  of 
September.  Q. 

Garber’s  Hybrid.  One  of  the  Japan  seedling 
Pears,  raised  by  J.  B.  Garber,  of  Pennsylvania. 
Very  large,  oval,  narrowing  at  both  ends;  yellow; 
flesh  whitish,  juicy,  sweet  and  very  pleasant.  Sept. 

Howell.  Above  medium,  roundish  pyriform; 
pale  yellow,  with  mostly  a bright  red  cheek  and 
russet  dots;  flesh  whitish,  melting,  juicy,  with 
brisk  vinous  flavor.  Sept,  and  Oct.  Q. 

Idaho.  Large,  globular;  yellow,  brownish  red 
on  the  sunny  side;  flesh  melting,  juicy,  rich  and 
excellent.  Sept,  and  Oct. 

Kieffer’s  Hybrid.  From  seed  of  the  Chinese 


Rutter  Pear— Page  io 


Autumn  Pears — continued 


Sand  Pear;  originated  near  Philadelphia.  Large, 
roundish  oval;  golden  yellow,  with  patches  of  rus- 
set; flesh  whitish,  somewhat  coarse,  juicy,  sweet 
and  good.  Unsurpassed  for  canning.  Growth 
strong  and  very  productive.  Oct.  and  Nov. 

Le  Conte.  Undoubtedly  another  hybrid  from 
the  Chinese  Sand  Pear.  Large,  pyriform;  smooth, 
pale  yellow,  quality  good,  juicy  and  pleasant.  Tree 
remarkably  vigorous,  healthy  and  free  from  blight. 
A prolific  bearer  and  profitable.  Oct. 

Pottstown.  A new  seedling  Pennsylvania  Pear. 
Medium,  pyriform;  greenish  yellow,  with  a bright 
red  cheek;  flesh  fine-grained,  juicy,  with  a deli- 
cious flavor.  Tree  a straight,  upright  grower  and 
an  abundant  bearer.  Fruits  last  of  September, 
but  may  be  kept  until  December. 

Roosevelt.  A new  variety  originated  in  France. 
Fruit  roundish  pyriform;  color  yellowish  green; 
flesh  melting,  juicy,  rich  and  good.  We  fruited 
this  Pear  in  1911  and  1912  and  found  it  an  enor- 
mous bearer.  We  think  it  will  be  very  profitable. 
Oct. 

Rossney.  A new  variety,  highly  recommended. 
Originated  at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  where  it  is 


9 


HOOPES,  BRO.  &JHOMAS  .COMPANY 


Autumn  Pears — continued 

free  from  blight  and  very  hardy.  Medium  to 
large,  oblate,  obtuse,  pyriform ; creamy  yellow, 
with  bright  red  cheek;  flesh  tender,  rich,  sugary, 
fine-grained  and  melting.  Tree  vigorous  and 
productive.  Sept,  and  Oct. 

Rutter.  Native  of  West  Chester,  Pa.  Medium 
to  large,  almost  globular;  greenish  yellow,  sprin- 
kled and  marked  with  russet;  flesh  white,  rather 
juicy,  melting  and  vinous.  Good  grower  and 
bearer.  Oct.  and  Nov.  See  illustration. 

Seckel.  A native  fruit  of  the  highest  excel- 
lence. Small;  yellowish  russet,  with  a red  cheek; 
flesh  whitish,  buttery,  very  juicy,  melting,  with  a 
delicious,  rich,  spicy  flavor.  Tree  hardy,  a regular 
and  abundant  bearer.  Poor  grower.  Aug.  to 
Oct.  Q. 


Sheldon.  Medium,  roundish  obovate;  greenish 
yellow,  covered  with  russet ; flesh  whitish,  melting, 
juicy,  sweet,  rich  and  aromatic.  Tree  vigorous, 
erect,  hardy  and  a good  bearer.  Oct. 

Vermont  Beauty.  A fine  New  England  Pear. 
Medium,  obovate,  obtuse,  pyriform ; yellow,  with  a 
bright  red  cheek  spotted  with  russet ; flesh  whitish, 
melting,  juicy,  rich  and  aromatic.  Oct. 

Worden- Seckel.  Medium,  buttery,  juicy  and 
fine-grained,  with  the  rich,  spicy  flavor  of  the 
Seckel.  Tree  a poor  grower.  Oct.  to  Dec. 

Section  III — Winter  Pears 

Lawrence.  Unsurpassed  as  an  early  winter 
Pear.  Medium,  obovate,  obtuse,  pyriform;  lemon- 
yellow,  marked  with  russet;  flesh  whitish,  melting, 
very  juicy,  sweet  and  aromatic.  Dec. 


PEACHES 


Section  of  our  30-acre  Peach  Block 


The  Peach  is  unquestionably  one  of  the  most  popular  fruits  for  orchard  culture,  and  when  in  perfection  the 
most  delicious  for  home  use,  and  with  proper  culture  is  easily  grown.  The  soil,  climate  and  general  conditions 
in  our  nurseries  are  ideal  for  Peach  growing,  combining  all  the  elements  for  producing  strong,  healthy  trees,  with- 
out the  aid  of  artificial  or  stimulating  fertilizers;  hence  since  the  establishment  of  our  business  we  have  devoted 
much  time  and  a large  area  to  the  raising  of  Peach  trees  for  the  needs  of  large  orchardists,  as  well  as  small 
planters  everywhere. 

In  former  years  the  great  Peach  belt  was  considered  to  lie  in  Delaware,  Maryland  and  southern  latitudes, 
but  in  later  years  many  northern  orchardists  have  found  it  the  most  profitable  fruit  they  grow  provided  they  obtain 
a good  healthy  tree  with  well-ripened  wood,  like  those  we  produce  on  our  selected  soil.  We  have  many  testi- 
monials from  our  customers  in  the  state  and  farther  north  who  have  been  planting  our  Peach  trees  for  twenty 
years,  and  they  say  they  owe  their  success  to  the  health  and  productiveness  of  our  trees. 

The  Peach  succeeds  best  on  light  soil,  moderately  rich  and  kept  clean  by  constant  cultivation.  Severe  pruning 
when  the  young  trees  are  set  in  the  orchard  is  necessary  for  the  best  results.  All  side  branches  should  be  pruned 
to  within  two  or  three  buds  of  the  body  and  the  leader  cut  well  back.  Peach  trees  should  branch  low  and  be 
annually  headed  in,  in  order  to  produce  a round,  compact  head.  After  the  fruit  sets,  a judicious  thinning  of  the 

crop  will  greatly  benefit  the  fruit,  not  only  in  size,  quality  and  appearance,  but  will  really  increase  the  yield.  Look 

out  for  the  borer,  and  use  the  same  remedy  recommended  for  Apples.  Lime  or  wood  ashes  placed  against  the 
trunk  will  tend  to  keep  the  fly  from  depositing  the  egg,  and  is  also  a good  fertilizer. 

THE  YELLOWS. — This  is  the  most  serious  disease  of  the  Peach,  and  although  scientists  have  been  trying  for 

forty  years  to  find  the  cause  and  discover  a remedy,  they  have  not  succeeded.  The  only  thing  we  know  is  that 
it  will  destroy  the  tree  and  is  liable  to  spread  through  the  orchard;  therefore,  whenever  it  appears,  dig  up  the 
tree  and  burn  it.  The  disease  is  easily  detected  by  the  young  wire-like  shoots  coming  out  from  the  limbs  and  bear- 
ing small  yellow  leaves.  The  fruit  is  also  small  and  ripens  prematurely.  When  these  symptoms  are  noticed 
destroy  the  tree  at  once. 


10 


Peaches— con  ti  nued 

Admiral  Dewey.  Medium;  yellow,  shaded  with 
bright  red;  flesh  yellow  and  of  excellent  flavor. 
Middle  of  July. 

Alexander.  Semi-cling;  medium,  round,  with 
a deep  suture;  whitish,  almost  covered  with  red; 
flesh  white,  sweet  and  juicy.  Middle  of  July. 

Belle  of  Georgia.  A seedling  raised  at  Mar- 
shallville,  Ga.,  and  a full  sister  of  Elberta,  both 
originating  the  same  year.  In  growth  it  has 
proven  extremely  hardy  and  a sure  bearer  at  the 
North.  Skin  rich  creamy  white,  with  a bright 
red  cheek  on  sunny  side;  quality  delicious.  Sea- 
son last  of  August  or  early  September. 

Bilyeu’s  Late  October.  Large,  white,  with  a 
pretty  blush ; flesh  white,  rich  and  firm.  Oct. 

Bronson.  Large;  yellow,  with  a crimson  cheek; 
flesh  yellow  and  of  good  flavor.  First  of  Sept. 

Captain  Ede.  Ripens  a few  days  before  El- 
berta; early  and  enormous  bearer;  fruit  uniform 
size;  color,  lemon-yellow  with  red  cheeks;  perfect 
freestone;  quality  good.  One  of  the  finest  can- 
ning Peaches.  Last  of  August. 

Carman.  Large;  yellowish-white  with  bright 
red  cheek;  flesh  white,  juicy,  with  a pleasant 
flavor.  Early  in  August. 

Chair’s  Choice.  Origin,  Anne  Arundel  Co., 
Md.  Large,  yellow,  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  yel- 
low, firm  and  of  good  quality.  A strong  grower 
and  bears  well;  fruits  early.  Middle  of  September. 

Champion.  One  of  the  hardiest  and  most  reli- 
able varieties,  originating  in  Illinois.  Very  large; 
creamy  white,  with  a bright  red  cheek;  flesh 
creamy  white,  firm,  sweet  and  delicious.  Tree 
vigorous  and  very  productive.  Middle  of  August. 

Chinese  Cling.  Clingstone;  large,  roundish 
oval ; creamy  white,  shaded  with  red ; flesh  white, 
juicy,  melting.  First  to  the  middle  of  September. 

Christiana.  Very  large;  yellow,  with  red 
cheek;  flesh  yellowish,  juicy,  melting  and  very 
agreeable.  Last  of  September  and  first  of  Oc- 
tober. 

Conkling.  Large,  round ; golden  yellow, 
marked  with  crimson;  flesh  pale  yellow,  very 
juicy,  sweet,  vinous  and  excellent.  Last  of  Aug. 

Cooledge’s  Favorite.  Large;  clear,  smooth 
white,  with  a mottled  crimson  cheek;  flesh  juicy, 
melting,  sweet,  with  a rich  flavor.  August. 

Crawford’s  Early.  Large,  oblong;  yellow  with 
a showy  red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  juicy  and  melt- 
ing, with  a sweet,  rich  flavor.  Middle  of  August. 

Crawford’s  Late.  One  of  the  finest  and  most 
esteemed  Peaches  for  all  uses.  Large,  roundish, 
yeHow,  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  deep  yellow, 


melting,  juicy,  rich  and  delicious.  One  of  the 
most  profitable  market  varieties.  Sept. 

Crosby.  Medium ; splashed  and  striped  with 
red;  flesh  firm,  yellow,  sweet,  juicy  and  rich. 
Last  of  August. 

Druid  Hill.  Large,  roundish ; greenish  white, 
with  a reddish  cheek;  flesh  white,  melting,  juicy, 
with  a rich  vinous  flavor.  Middle  of  September. 

Early  Canada.  From  the  Province  of  On- 
tario, Canada.  Almost  freestone;  medium  size, 
roundish ; greenish  white,  with  light  and  dark  red 
covering;  flesh  juicy,  sweet  and  pleasant.  Early 
in  July. 

Early  Rivers.  Large;  pale  yellow,  with  pink 
cheek;  flesh  juicy,  rich  and  melting.  Last  of  July. 

Elberta.  An  unusually  popular  and  very  hand- 
some Peach.  Very  large,  oblong  with  deep  su- 
ture; yellow  with  red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  juicy, 
rich  and  of  delicious  flavor.  Tree  a vigorous 
grower  and  very  productive.  Last  of  August. 

Engle’s  Mammoth.  A new  seedling  variety 
from  Michigan,  in  the  way  of  Crawford’s  Late; 
large ; clear  deep  yellow,  with  bright  red  shading ; 
flesh  juicy,  rich  and  pleasant.  Last  of  September. 


11 


Belle  of  Georgia  Peach 


Peaches — continued 


Fitzgerald.  A Canadian  variety,  hardy  and 
handsome  in  appearance.  Large,  roundish;  bright 
yellow,  suffused  with  red;  flesh  deep  yellow,  sub- 
acid, juicy  and  agreeable.  An  improved  Early 
Crawford.  Middle  of  August. 

Fitzhugh.  A new  early  Peach  from  Arkansas 
ripening  ten  days  earlier  than  any  other  variety. 
White  with  a pink  blush;  fine  flavor;  free  from 
rot.  Last  of  June. 

Flater’s,  or  Yellow  St.  John.  Large;  resem- 
bles Crawford’s  Early,  deeper  in  color;  flesh  yel- 
low, sweet,  juicy  and  high-flavored.  First  of  Aug. 

Foster.  Similar  to  Crawford’s  Early  and  popu- 
lar for  marketing;  large,  roundish;  yellow,  with  a 
red  cheek;  flesh  very  juicy,  slightly  subacid,  rich 
and  agreeable.  First  of  August. 

Fox’s  Seedling.  Large,  round,  a little  com- 
pressed; white,  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  sweet, 
juicy  and  excellent.  Middle  to  last  of  September. 

George  the  Fourth.  Large,  round,  with  broad 
suture ; pale  yellowish  white,  with  bright  red 
cheek;  flesh  melting,  juicy,  with  a delicious  rich 
flavor.  Middle  of  August. 

Globe.  A fine  Pennsylvania  seedling;  very 
large,  globular ; golden  yellow,  with  a decided  red 
blush;  flesh  yellow,  firm,  juicy,  rich.  Last  of  Sept. 


Elberta  Peach — Page  n 


Golden  Drop.  Medium,  roundish ; yellow, 
shaded  with  red;  flesh  yellow,  juicy,  rich.  Sept. 

Golden  Dwarf.  This  is  an  exceedingly  inter- 
esting dwarf  ornamental  tree,  bearing  excellent 
fruit.  Clingstone;  medium;  golden  yellow,  with  a 
mottled  red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  juicy,  rich  and 
luscious.  Fine  for  pot  culture.  Sept,  and  Oct. 

Greensboro.  Originated  in  Greensboro,  N.  C., 
and  is  the  best  of  our  early  Peaches;  large,  round; 
yellow,  with  a bright  red  covering;  flesh  white, 
very  juicy,  and  of  excellent  flavor.  Middle  to 
last  of  July. 

Hale’s  Early.  Liable  to  rot  in  some  sections. 
Sub-clingstone;  medium;  white,  with  a red  cheek; 
flesh  white,  juicy  and  very  good.  Last  of  July. 

Heath  Cling.  The  most  satisfactory  clingstone. 
Very  large,  oblong  with  suture;  creamy  white, 
with  a faint  blush;  flesh  greenish  white,  tender, 
juicy,  melting.  Oct. 

Heath  Free.  Very  large,  oblong;  pale  greenish 
white,  with  red  cheeks;  flesh  greenish  white,  melt- 
ing, juicy  and  pleasant  flavor.  Middle  of  Sept. 

Hemphill.  Originated  in  the  garden  of  Judge 
Hemphill,  of  West  Chester,  Pa.  Very  large; 
white,  with  a red  cheek;  flesh  white,  juicy  and  ex- 
cellent. October  7,  a specimen  measured  9 Y\ 
inches  in  circumference.  On  October  14,  one 
from  the  tree  measured  2 Lz  inches  in  diameter. 

Hiley.  Seedling  of  Belle  of  Georgia.  Fruit 
large,  more  highly  colored  than  the  Belle,  which  it 
resembles.  As  beautiful  and  as  good  as  Mountain 
Rose  and  a week  earlier;  flesh  white,  sweet  and 
delicious.  Middle  of  August. 

Horton’s  River.  A seedling  of  Early  Rivers; 
and  similar  to  it,  only  ripens  later.  Middle  of 
August. 

Hyne’s  Surprise.  A new  early  variety,  and 
perhaps  the  earliest  of  the  true  freestones.  Me- 
dium ; white,  with  a bright  red  cheek ; flesh  white, 
juicy  and  of  an  agreeable  flavor.  Last  of  July. 

Iron  Mountain.  Similar  to  Ford’s  Late,  intro- 
duced from  Iron  Mountain,  N.  J.  Large;  pure 
white  skin;  flesh  white  to  the  stone,  solid,  juicy, 
sweet  and  excellent.  Last  of  Sept,  or  first  of  Oct. 

Italian  Dwarf.  A remarkable  little  tree,  well 
suited  for  orchard  house  culture.  Medium  or 
rather  small;  white;  flesh  white,  juicy,  with  a 
pleasant  flavor.  A specimen  in  a pot,  only  2 feet 
high,  produced  a dozen  fine  Peaches.  Sept. 

Klondike.  Originated  in  York  County,  Pa., 
very  like  Fox’s  Seedling,  and  remarkable  for  size 
and  beauty.  Very  large;  whitish,  nearly  covered 
with  brilliant  red;  flesh  white,  juicy,  sweet  and 
of  delicious  flavor.  Middle  to  last  of  September. 


12 


HOOPES,  BRO.  &*T  HO  MAS  4C.QM  P AN  Y 


Peaches— continued 


Large  Early  York.  Medium  to  large;  round- 
ish; whitish,  with  marblings  and  spots  of  red  and 
bright  red  cheek;  flesh  white,  juicy,  fine-grained, 
rich  and  excellent.  Last  of  August. 

Lemon  Cling.  Clingstone;  large,  oblong;  yel- 
low, with  a red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  firm,  with  a 
rich,  subacid  flavor.  Last  of  September. 

Lord  Palmerston.  Large  English  variety, 
grown  by  Thos.  Rivers.  Whitish,  with  a pink 
cheek;  flesh  firm,  melting,  rich  and  juicy.  Last 
of  September. 

Magnum  Bonum.  A large  and  handsome 
Peach  introduced  from  Maryland,  where  it  is 
very  popular,  and  of  excellent  quality;  yellow 
flesh.  Last  of  September. 

Mary’s  Choice.  Also  introduced  from  the 
Maryland  orchards.  Large  to  very  large;  yellow, 
with  fine  red  blush  on  one  side,  and  of  good 
quality.  Middle  of  September. 

Matthew’s  Beauty.  A cross  between  Elberta 
and  Smock.  Fruit  large;  skin  golden  yellow, 
streaked  with  red ; flesh  yellow,  firm  and  excellent 
flavor.  Ripens  one  to  two  weeks  after  Elberta. 

Mayflower.  From  North  Carolina;  is  abso- 
lutely red  all  over,  making  it  a very  valuable 
variety  for  market.  First  of  July. 

Moore’s  Favorite.  Similar  to  Oldmixon  Free. 
Large,  roundish,  with  a suture;  white,  with  a 
large  bright  blush;  flesh  white,  juicy,  fine,  with  a 
rich,  vinous  flavor.  Early  September. 

Morris  White.  Medium  to  large,  oval;  creamy 
white,  occasionally  with  a dull  red  cheek;  flesh 
white,  juicy,  melting,  sweet,  rich  and  somewhat 
firm.  Middle  of  September. 

Mountain  Rose.  Medium  to  large;  roundish; 
whitish,  nearly  covered  with  a pretty  red ; flesh 
white,  juicy,  sweet  and  somewhat  vinous.  Vigor- 
ous and  productive.  Middle  cf  August. 

New  Prolific.  Large  yellow;  ripens  just  after 
Crawford  Early.  Fine  quality  and  a good  shipper. 

Niagara.  Originated  in  Niagara  County,  N.  Y. 
Similar  to  Elberta  and  better  in  quality,  ripening  a 
little  later.  Tree  hardy  and  healthy  and  has  re- 
sisted all  attacks  of  leaf  curl  and  other  diseases. 

Oldmixon  Free.  One  of  the  most  profitable 
market  varieties.  Large,  mostly  roundish;  pale 
yellowish  white,  with  deep  red  cheek  and  mar- 
blings; flesh  white,  tender,  sugary  and  of  vinous 
flavor.  Last  of  August. 

Reeves’  Favorite.  From  Salem,  N.  J.  Large, 
roundish  or  somewhat  oval;  yellow,  with  a red 
cheek;  flesh  yellow,  melting,  juicy,  vinous,  with  a 
pleasant  flavor.  Middle  of  Sept. 


Sallie  Worrall.  Large,  roundish;  creamy  white, 
shaded  with  light  red;  flesh  white,  melting,  juicy, 
rich  and  vinous.  Last  of  September. 

Salway.  A fine  English  Peach,  succeeding  well 
here,  both  for  market  and  home  use.  Large;  yel- 
low, with  a red  cheek;  flesh  deep  yellow,  melting, 
juicy,  rich  and  of  fine  flavor.  First  of  October. 

Smock’s  Free.  One  of  the  most  profitable 
market  varieties.  Large,  oval,  somewhat  com- 
pressed ; light  yellow,  mottled  with  red,  some- 
times with  a red  cheek;  flesh  yellow,  somewhat 
rich.  Last  of  September. 

Sneed.  An  Alabama  seedling,  originating  from 
the  Chinese  Cling.  Clingstone ; medium  to  large, 
oval;  rich  creamy  white,  with  beautiful  red  cheek; 
flesh  white,  very  sweet  and  juicy.  Early  July. 

Stephens’  Rareripe.  Large;  white,  shaded  with 
red;  flesh  white,  rich,  vinous,  juicy,  excellent 
flavor.  Hardy  and  regular  bearer.  Last  of  Sept. 

Stump  the  World.  An  excellent  market  Peach 
from  New  Jersey.  Large,  roundish;  creamy  white, 
with  a bright  crimson  cheek;  flesh  white,  juicy, 
high  flavored.  Vigorous  and  productive.  One  of 
the  best  of  the  later  Peaches.  Middle  to  last  of 
September. 

Susquehanna.  Griffith.  From  central  Pennsyl- 
vania. Very  large;  deep  yellow  ,with  a showy  red 
cheek;  flesh  yellow,  sweet,  juicy,  with  a delicious 
rich  flavor.  Only  a moderate  bearer.  Sept. 

Triumph.  Almost  freestone;  large;  yellow, 
nearly  covered  with  red;  flesh  yellow,  juicy,  with 
a very  agreeable  flavor.  First  of  July. 

Troth’s  Early  Red.  Medium,  roundish;  whit- 
ish, with  a bright  red  cheek  in  the  sun ; flesh  white, 
sweet,  juicy  and  pleasant.  Last  of  July. 

Waddell.  Fruit  medium;  white,  nearly  covered 
with  red;  flesh  firm,  rich  and  sweet.  Last  of  July. 

Wager.  Medium,  oblong  oval;  light  golden 
yellow;  flesh  yellow,  juicy,  firm,  sweet  and  slightly 
vinous.  Very  productive  and  hardy.  Early  Sept. 

Ward’s  Late  Free.  Medium  to  large,  round- 
ish ; white,  with  a handsome  red  cheek ; flesh 
white,  rich,  melting,  juicy  and  excellent.  First  of 
October. 

Wheatland.  Large  to  very  large,  roundish ; 
deep  yellow,  shaded  with  crimson ; flesh  yellow, 
juicy,  sweet  and  of  fine  quality.  First  of  Sept. 

Wonderful.  Not  unlike  Smock  in  appearance. 
Large,  globular ; rich  golden  yellow,  partly  cov- 
ered with  red;  flesh  yellow,  rich,  firm  and  high- 
flavored.  Productive.  Last  of  Sept. 

Yellow  Rareripe.  Large,  roundish;  deep 
orange-yellow;  flesh  deep  yellow,  melting,  juicy, 
with  a rich  vinous  flavor.  Last  of  August. 


13 


PLUMS 


A block  of  Plum  Trees  in  our  Nursery 


For  the  convenience  of  our  customers  we  have  divided  our  list  of  varieties  into  three  sections,  which,  although 
somewhat  artificial,  will  convey  a general  idea  of  the  adaptability  of  the  various  kinds  to  the  uses  for  which  they 
are  intended.  The  great  enemy  to  plum  culture  is  the  Curculio.  The  best  treatment  is  to  spray  with  arsenate 
of  lead  (paste),  2 pounds  to  SO  gallons  of  water,  first  spraying  as  soon  as  the  petals  fall,  and  repeat  in  ten  days. 
Examine  trees  for  the  borer,  the  same  as  instructed  for  Apples  and  Peaches.  If  the  Black  Knot  appears  cut  off 
the  branches  below  the  diseased  part  and  burn  them,  to  prevent  spreading. 


Section  I — European  Plums 

Although  some  of  the  following  varieties  origi- 
nated in  this  country,  their  parentage  is  undoubt- 
edly European,  and  they  are  in  most  respects 
different  in  growth  and  character  from  both  the 
Japanese  and  native  Chickasaw  Plums.  In  this 
list  the  most  luscious  varieties  are  to  be  found ; 
although  less  reliable  than  the  newer  Japanese 
forms,  all  may  be  grown  with  little  trouble  and 
expense,  provided  due  attention  is  given  to  pre- 
vent the  Curculio  from  destroying  crops. 

Bradshaw.  Niagara.  Large,  oval-obovate ; 
reddish  purple,  with  a light  blue  bloom;  flesh 
yellowish,  juicy,  pleasant,  partly  adhering  to  the 
stone.  A vigorous  grower;  very  good.  August. 

Coe’s  Golden  Drop.  Very  large,  oval;  light 
yellow,  with  rich  red  spots  on  the  sunny  side; 
flesh  yellow,  somewhat  firm,  rich,  sweet,  delicious 
and  adhering  closely  to  the  stone ; very  good. 
Last  of  September. 

General  Hand.  Large,  roundish  oval;  deep 
golden  yellow,  slightly  marbled;  flesh  pale  yellow, 
moderately  juicy,  sweet  and  good;  freestone. 
Sept. 


German  Prune.  Very  large,  long,  oval;  pur- 
ple, with  a thick  blue  bloom;  flesh  green,  firm, 
sweet;  separates  freely  from  the  stone.  Tree 
bears  enormous  crops,  hanging  late;  vigorous. 
Sept. 

Imperial  Gage.  Above  medium,  oval;  pale 
green  until  fully  ripe,  when  it  is  tinged  with  yel- 
low; flesh  greenish,  juicy,  melting,  rich  and  fine 
flavored.  Quality  best.  Early  Sept. 

Lombard.  Medium,  roundish;  delicate  violet- 
red,  with  a thin  bloom;  flesh  yellow,  juicy  and 
agreeable,  adhering  to  the  stone.  Tree  very  vigor- 
ous, hardy  and  productive.  August. 

Moore’s  Arctic.  Medium;  purplish  black  cov- 
ered with  thin  blue  bloom;  flesh  greenish  yellow. 
Juicy  and  sweet  but  coarse. 

Reine  Claude  de  Bavay.  Large,  roundish ; 
greenish  yellow,  faintly  striped,  with  a thin  bloom ; 
flesh  yellow,  melting,  juicy,  sugary,  rich  and  ex- 
cellent; freestone.  Last  of  Sept,  and  first  of  Oct. 

Shropshire  Damson.  Medium,  obovate;  pur- 
ple, covered  with  a thick  blue  bloom ; melting, 
juicy,  subacid,  separating  partially  from  the  stone. 
Tree  exceedingly  productive.  Sept. 


14 


Plums— continued 


Bradshaw  Plum— Page  14 


Section  II — Native  Plums 

Wild  Goose.  An  improved  variety  of  the 
Chickasaw,  of  strong  growth  and  comparatively 
free  from  the  depredations  of  the  Curculio;  large; 
bright  red,  with  a gray  bloom;  juicy,  sweet  and 
good.  Very  productive.  Last  of  July. 

Section  III — Japan  Plums 

This  class  of  Plums  is  the  most  popular  for  the 
Middle  States;  they  bear  enormous  crops  and  the 
fruit  is  not  injured  by  the  Curculio,  which  makes 
the  growing  of  the  European  varieties  almost  pro- 
hibitive unless  spraying  or  jarring  is  resorted  to. 

Abundance.  Large,  roundish;  freestone;  am- 
ber, turning  to  a rich  cherry  color  with  a whitish 
bloom;  flesh  light  yellow,  juicy,  tender,  sweet  and 
excellent.  Vigorous  and  very  productive.  Aug. 

Apple.  Nearly  freestone;  large,  reddish  pur- 
ple; flesh  pale  red,  firm,  sweet  or  subacid,  rich  and 
high-flavored.  Middle  of  September. 

Burbank.  Large,  nearly  globular ; clear  cherry- 
red,  with  thin  lilac  bloom;  flesh  deep  yellow,  rich, 
very  sweet,  with  a peculiar  and  agreeable  flavor. 
Vigorous,  and  very  early  bearer.  Last  of  August. 

Chabot.  Clingstone.  Large,  oblong;  yellow, 


almost  covered  with  carmine;  flesh  yellow,  firm, 
subacid,  very  good.  Last  of  July. 

Chaleo.  Large,  flattish ; deep  reddish  purple; 
flesh  yellow,  very  sweet,  exceedingly  fragrant  and 
almost  stemless.  Middle  of  September. 

Hale.  Clingstone.  Large,  round  ; bright  orange, 
mottled  with  cherry-red;  flesh  yellow,  juicy  and 
delicious,  slightly  subacid.  Middle  of  September. 

October  Purple.  Another  Burbank  seedling. 
Large;  purplish  maroon;  flesh  yellow,  juicy  and 
sweet.  Tree  hardy,  very  prolific.  Last  of  Sept. 

Ogon.  Roundish;  freestone;  bright  golden 
yellow,  with  faint  bloom ; flesh  yellow,  firm,  rich, 
sweet  and  dry;  excellent  for  canning.  Last  of 
July. 

Persian  Purple.  Prunus  Pissardi.  Although 
grown  for  its  beautiful  purple  foliage,  the  fruit  is 
used  for  cooking.  Fruit  bright  crimson,  but  not 
first  quality.  Makes  a fine  effect  when  planted  in 
beds  of  shrubbery.  Usually  free  from  Curculios. 

Red  June.  The  earliest  good  large  Plum  of  its 
class.  Large ; clingstone ; purplish  red,  with  blue 
bloom;  flesh  yellow,  solid,  juicy  and  subacid.  A 
good  keeper.  Middle  to  end  of  June. 


Burbank  Plum 


15 


Japan  Plums-  continued 

Satsuma.  Large,  globular ; dark  purplish  red, 
with  blue  bloom;  flesh  dark  red,  firm,  juicy  and  of 
excellent  quality.  Tree  a strong,  vigorous  grower. 
Succeeds  well  at  the  North.  August. 

Simon’s.  Prunus  Sim'oni.  A 'hardy  Plum  from 
China.  Large,  flat;  cinnamon-colored;  flesh  firm, 
sweet,  with  a peculiar  aromatic  flavor  and  rather 
astringent.  August. 


Wickson.  Large  to  very  large,  obconical; 
changing  from  white  to  pink;  flesh  firm,  sugary 
and  excellent.  One  of  Burbank’s  seedlings.  Sept. 

Willard.  One  of  the  earliest  Japan  Plums. 
Medium;  roundish,  oblong;  bright  red,  dotted 
freely  with  small  spots;  flesh  white,  firm,  and  of 
excellent  quality.  First  of  August. 


CHERRIES 

For  the  convenience  of  planters  we  have  catalogued  our  Cherries  under  two  headings — the  Hearts  and  Bigar- 
reaus,  which  embrace  all  the  sweet  varieties,  and  the  Dukes  and  Morellos,  constituting  those  with  a tart  flavor. 
Stiff,  clayey  soils,  retentive  of  water,  will  surely  cause  disease  and  premature  death.  Cherries,  especially  the  tart 
varieties,  will  pay  a good  interest  on  the  capital  invested  for  market,  and  all  classes  are  indispensable  to  the  fruit 
garden  for  home  consumption.  Spraying  with  poisonous  solutions  destroys  all  insect  enemies  and  insures  a crop 
of  perfect  fruit,  which  is  an  absolute  necessity  if  intended  for  marketing. 


Downer’s  Late.  Medium  size,  roundish  heart- 
shaped  ; bright  red,  mottled  with  amber ; flesh 
tender,  sweet,  with  a fine  flavor.  First  of  July. 

Elton.  Large,  pale  yellow,  spotted  with  red 
next  the  sun;  flesh  almost  tender,  juicy,  rich  and 
luscious.  Middle  of  June. 

Governor  Wood.  One  of  Professor  Kirtland’s 
seedlings.  Large,  roundish  heart-shaped ; light 
yellow  marked  with  red;  flesh  tender,  juicy,  sweet, 
rich  and  delicious.  Middle  of  June. 

Ida.  Large;  yellow;  red  cheek;  sweet  and  lus- 
cious, one  of  the  best  light-colored  Cherries.  June. 

Mercer.  Large;  dark  red;  sweet;  good  ship- 
per. Tree  hardy  and  an  upright  grower.  June. 

Napoleon.  A grand  Bigarreau  Cherry.  Very 
large,  heart-shaped;  pale  yellow,  with  a bright 
red  cheek;  flesh  very  firm,  juicy,  with  an  excellent 
flavor.  Tree  a strong  grower  and  productive. 
First  of  July. 

Ohio  Beauty.  Another  of  Professor  Kirtland’s 
fine  seedlings.  Large,  obtuse,  heart-shaped;  yel- 
lowish, nearly  covered  with  red;  flesh  juicy,  brisk 
and  tender.  Very  good.  Middle  of  June. 

Rockport.  One  of  the  handsome  Kirtland  seed- 
lings. Large,  roundish  heart-shaped;  fine,  beauti- 
ful, red  color;  flesh  firm,  juicy,  sweet  and  rich, 
with  a pleasant  flavor.  Early  in  June. 

Schmidt’s  Bigarreau.  A Belgian  seedling. 
Large,  roundish  oblate ; dark  blackish  purple ; 
flesh  dark,  juicy,  with  a fine  rich  flavor.  July. 

Windsor.  One  of  the  newer  varieties  of  much 
promise.  Large;  liver-colored;  flesh  firm  and  of 
excellent  quality.  Tree  hardy,  very  productive, 
and  remunerative  for  market.  July 

Yellow  Spanish.  One  of  the  most  profitable 
of  the  firm-fleshed  Cherries.  Very  large,  obtuse 


Section  I — Hearts  and  Bigarreaus 

Black  Eagle.  Above  medium;  deep  purple  or 
nearly  black;  flesh  deep  purple,  juicy,  tender,  rich 
and  delicious.  First  of  July. 

Black  Tartarian.  Perhaps  the  finest  table 
Cherry  in  the  entire  list.  Very  large,  heart- 
shaped;  bright,  glossy  purplish  black;  flesh  tender, 
juicy,  rich  and  of  best  quality.  Middle  of  June. 


Y ellow  Spanish  Cherry 


16 


Hearts  and  Bigarreaus— continued 

heart-shaped ; whitish  yellow,  with  bright  red 
cheek;  flesh  pale  yellow,  juicy,  rich,  sweet  and 
delicious.  Last  of  June. 

Section  II — Dukes  and  Morellos 

The  Dukes  of  this  class  make  large  trees, 
almost  or  quite  as  large  as  the  Hearts  and  Bigar- 
reaus, while  the  Morellos  grow  about  the  same 
size  as  peach  trees. 

Dyehouse.  Medium  ; bright  red  ; flesh  tender, 
juicy,  with  a sprightly  subacid  flavor.  Middle  of 
June.  Ripens  a week  before  Early  Richmond. 

Early  Richmond.  Early,  or  True  Kentish.  In- 
dispensable for  marketing  or  home  use.  Medium- 
round ; fine  deep  red;  flesh  melting,  juicy,  spright- 
ly, rich  acid  flavor.  Vigorous  and  productive. 
Middle  of  June. 

English  Morello.  A profitable  and  excellent 
variety.  Large,  roundish ; very  dark  red  or  nearly 
black;  flesh  purplish  red,  juicy,  tender.  Last  of 
July. 

Mayduke.  A popular  old  variety.  Large, 
roundish  or  obtuse  heart-shaped;  dark  red;  flesh 


light  red,  juicy,  melting,  tender,  rich  and  excel- 
lent at  maturity.  A superior  sort.  First  of  June. 

Monarch.  A magnificent  new  tart  Cherry,  in- 
troduced from  the  West.  Very  large;  dark  red. 
Fine  for  canning.  Tree  hardy  and  productive. 
July. 

Montmorency.  Excellent  for  every  purpose 
and  very  profitable.  Large;  red;  flesh  rich  and 
pleasantly  acid.  Hardy,  vigorous  and  very  pro- 
ductive. A sure  cropper.  Should  be  in  every 
orchard.  First  of  July. 

Ostheimer.  A splendid  new  Cherry  from  Ger- 
many of  the  English  Morello  type;  very  hardy, 
large,  heart-shaped,  almost  black;  flesh  reddish 
purple,  rich  subacid  and  fine.  Last  of  July. 

Reine  Hortense.  This  variety  is  of  French 
origin  and  very  desirable.  Large,  roundish, 
elongated;  bright  lively  red,  somewhat  marbled; 
flesh  juicy,  tender,  subacid  and  delicious.  Last 
of  July. 

Royal  Duke.  Large ; dark  red ; flesh  reddish, 
tender,  juicy  and  rich.  Ripens  about  two  weeks 
after  Mayduke.  Last  of  June. 


APRICOTS 

The  Apricot  is  subject  to  the  same  drawbacks  to  its  culture  as  the  plum,  the  Curculio  being  prone  to  attack  all 
smooth-skinned  fruits  more  or  less.  The  remedy  as  prescribed  under  the  heading  of  Plums  should  be  practiced  also 
with  the  Apricot.  The  trees  should  be  planted  on  a northern  exposure,  to  prevent  injury  from  late  frosts  to  the 
blossoms,  which  require  a check  to  their  too  early  expansion. 

The  Russian  varieties  were  brought  to  the  United  States  by  the  Russian  Mennonites,  several  years  since,  and 
have  proven  universally  hardy,  annual  and  abundant  bearers. 


Alexis.  Russian.  Another  new  and  very  hand- 
some variety.  Medium  to  large;  yellow,  with  a 
red  cheek;  flesh  slightly  acid.  July  10. 

Breda.  An  excellent  small  Apricot  for  the  des- 
sert. Small,  roundish;  dark  orange;  flesh  deep 
orange,  rather  juicy,  rich,  high-flavored,  and  free- 
stone. Fine  for  preserving.  First  of  August. 

Harris.  Large,  roundish,  with  deep  suture; 
rich  golden  yellow,  with  faint  blush ; excellent 
quality  and  freestone.  First  of  July. 

J.  L.  Budd.  Russian.  Probably  the  best  of  its 


class.  Large,  white,  with  red  cheek;  flesh  sweet 
but  rather  dry,  with  a sweet,  almond-like  kernel. 
First  of  August. 

Moorpark.  Freestone.  Large,  roundish;  deep 
orange  color;  flesh  bright  orange,  firm,  juicy,  with 
a rich  and  luscious  flavor.  Makes  a compact  tree. 
First*  of  August. 

Peach.  An  old  French  variety,  and  one  of  the 
finest  of  the  list.  Very  large,  roundish,  somewhat 
flattened;  yellow  to  deep  orange;  flesh  yellow, 
rich,  juicy,  and  of  high  flavor.  Last  of  July. 


NECTARINES 

This  fruit  is  a mere  sport  of  nature,  or,  rather,  variety  of  the  peach,  with  a smooth  skin;  subject,  like  the 
plum  and  apricot,  to  being  stung.  The  remarks  under  those  headings  apply  to  this. 


Boston.  Large;  deep  yellow,  with  a bright 
blush  and  mottlings  of  red ; sweet  and  of  a 
peculiarly  pleasant  flavor;  freestone.  First  of 
Sept. 

Early  Newington.  Large;  pale  green,  nearly 
covered  with  red;  flesh  greenish  white,  juicy,  rich 
and  sweet.  Clingstone.  First  of  September. 


Early  Violet.  Rather  large,  roundish ; pale 
yellowish-green,  nearly  covered  with  red ; flesh 
whitish,  rich,  juicy,  melting  and  delicious.  Last 
of  August. 

Elruge.  Freestone;  medium;  pale  green,  almost 
covered  with  deep  violet  or  red;  flesh  melting, 
juicy,  rich  and  high-flavored.  Last  of  August. 


17 


Nectarines— continued 

Hunt’s  Tawny.  Freestone;  medium,  roundish 
ovate;  pale  orange,  with  red  cheek;  flesh  deep 
orange,  juicy,  rich  and  melting.  First  of  August. 

Red  Roman.  A very  old  English  Nectarine. 
Clingstone;  large  roundish;  greenish  yellow,  with 


a brownish  red  cheek;  flesh  greenish-yellow,  firm, 
juicy,  rich  and  vinous.  First  of  September. 

Stanwick.  One  of  the  latest  English  varieties. 
Freestone;  medium;  pale  greenish  white,  shaded 
with  violet;  flesh  white,  rich,  juicy,  tender  and 
sugary.  It  was  grown  in  England  from  a stone 
brought  from  Syria.  Last  of  September. 


QUINCES 

The  Quince  is,  in  all  varieties,  unfit  for  eating  raw.  It  is,  however,  much  esteemed  when  cooked.  For  preserv- 
ing it  is  everywhere  valued,  and  an  excellent  marmalade  is  made  from  it.  When  stewed  it  is  frequently  used  to 
flavor  apple  sauce,  pies  and  other  pastry.  Dried  Quinces  are  excellent. 

It  requires  a good,  deep  soil,  which  should  be  kept  clean  and  mellow,  with  an  occasional  dressing  of  manure; 
but  does  not  need  a severe  pruning  like  many  other  varieties  of  fruit;  a careful  thinning  out  of  the  old  dec'ayed 
wood  will  be  sufficient.  Keep  a vigilant  search  after  the  borer. 


Apple,  or  Grange.  Large  to  very  large,  round- 
ish, with  short  neck;  golden  yellow;  flesh  firm  and 
of  fine  flavor.  October. 

Bourgeat.  Large,  roundish;  golden  yellow; 
smooth  and  tender  when  cooked.  Oct.  to  Feb. 

Champion.  Noticeable  for  its  early  bearing 
and  superb  appearance.  Very  large,  mostly  oval; 


deep  yellow;  excellent  quality.  Tree  very  prolific 
and  vigorous.  A good  keeper. 

Meech’s  Prolific.  Large,  roundish  pear-shaped; 
bright  orange;  fragrant  and  of  excellent  quality. 
Ripens  in  midseason. 

Rea’s  Mammoth.  Large,  roundish,  with  short 
neck;  golden  yellow,  very  beautiful;  quality  ex- 
cellent. Strong  grower  and  productive.  October. 


MULBERRIES 


Downing’s  Everbearing.  This  variety  origi- 
nated from  the  seed  of  the  Morus  multicaulis, 
fruit  large,  of  a dark  purplish  black  color;  flesh 
juicy,  rich,  sprightly  and  delicious.  Very  produc- 
tive and  ripening  its  fruit  in  succession  for  a long 
time. 

Russian.  Brought  from  southern  Russia  by  the 
Mennonites.  Tree  very  hardy  and  a rapid  grower; 
specimens  six  years  old  are  20  feet  high  and  6 to 


8 inches  in  diameter;  very  prolific,  commencing  to 
fruit  when  three  years  old. 

Teas’  Weeping  Mulberry.  Grafted  on  a 
straight  stem,  it  forms  a perfect  umbrella-shaped 
head,  with  long,  slender  branches  drooping  to  the 
ground;  one  of  the  prettiest  small  weeping  trees. 

White  Mulberry.  Morus  alba.  Native  of 
China.  Fruit  white  and  sweet,  formerly  grown 
for  feeding  silk  worms. 


NUT-BEARING  TREES 


Almond,  Hard-Shell.  A fine,  hardy  variety, 
with  a large,  plump,  sweet  kernel.  The  tree  is 
very  ornamental,  as  it  produces  large,  showy?  pale 
rose-colored  flowers  in  abundance. 

Almond,  Soft-Shell.  This  is  the  “Ladies’  Al- 
mond” of  the  shops,  and  although  preferable  to 
the  former,  is  not  quite  so  hardy. 

Filbert,  American.  Wild  Hazelnut.  This  forms 
a large,  branching  shrub,  from  6 to  8 feet  high, 
producing  good  crops  of  nuts,  which  are  inferior 
in  quality  to  the  English,  but  the  plants  are 
hardier. 

Filbert,  English.  The  fruit  of  this  is  larger 
and  of  better  quality  than  that  of  our  native 
species,  but  the  plants  are  not  quite  so  reliable. 

Pecan.  A large  slender-growing  tree  found 
generally  in  the  southern  States,  valuable  for  its 
oblong  thin-shelled  smooth  nuts,  with  delicious 
kernels. 


Shellbark.  Carya  alba , or  Hicoria  ovata.  A 
handsome,  tall,  native  tree,  producing  large  crops 
of  excellent  nuts.  Our  stock  is  grown  from  extra 
fine,  thin-shelled  nuts. 

Walnut,  Black.  Juglans  nigra.  A valued  large 
native  tree,  yielding  roundish,  rough  dark  nuts  of 
excellent  flavor.  It  is  a rapid  grower,  and  the 
timber  is  greatly  in  demand. 

Walnut,  English.  Juglans  regia.  Not  entirely 
hardy  in  the  Middle  States,  except  in  sheltered 
locations.  It  forms  a tree  of  the  largest  size  and 
bears  good  crops  -of  delicious,  thin-shelled  nuts. 

Walnut,  Japan.  Juglans  Sieboldi.  Nuts  large 
and  borne  in  clusters.  Shell  rather  harder  than 
the  preceding,  but  with  sweet,  rich  flesh. 

Walnut,  White,  or  Butternut.  Juglans  cin- 
erea.  A medium-sized  tree,  with  gray  bark,  yield- 
ing oblong,  pointed  nuts.  Grows  rapidly  and  is 
an  attractive  tree  for  lawn  or  landscape.  Sept. 


18 


GRAPES 

Hardy  or  outdoor  Grapes  should  be  grown  on  a well-drained  border,  made  rich  and  deep,  with  a liberal  supply 
of  ground  bones,  ashes,  etc. 

The  best  trellis,  in  our  estimation,  is  made  as  follows:  procure  strong  chestnut  or  cedar  posts,  8J4  feet  long; 
set  them  6 feet  above  ground  and  stretch  wires,  tightly  fastening  them  to  each  post  by  means  of  large-headed 
wrought  nails;  these  wires  should  be  18  inches  apart,  and  the  posts  set  about  8 or  10  feet  distant;  plant  the  vines, 
one  in  each  space,  between  the  posts. 

But  one  shoot  should  be  permitted  to  grow  the  first  year,  which  may  be  pinched  off  at  the  top  wire  to  induce 
development.  The  second  year,  two  shoots  or  canes  may  be  allowed  to  grow  after  cutting  off  the  former  season’s 
wood  close  to  the  bottom  wire.  At  the  end  of  the  year  these  two  canes  should  be  trained  horizontally  along  the 
bottom  wire,  one  in  each  direction.  New  shoots  will  then  start  out  and  all  buds  should  be  rubbed  off  excepting  those 
desired  to  form  the  fruiting  canes,  say  about  1 foot  distant.  These  should  be  regularly  tied  to  the  wires  and  occasion- 
ally pinched  to  induce  fruitfulness.  Bagging  is  a necessity  if  best  results  are  expected  and  desired.  An  annual  appli- 
cation of  ground  bone  and  rotted  manure  is  a requisite  to  success.  Dates  of  ripening  are  approximate  for  this 


locality. 

Agawam.  Rogers’  No.  15.  Bunch  large,  shoul- 
dered; berry  large,  round,  reddish  brown,  tender, 
vinous  and  of  excellent  flavor.  October  10. 

Brighton.  Bunch  large,  shouldered ; berries 
medium  to  large,  dark  red,  tender,  very  little  pulp, 
sweet,  juicy,  slightly  aromatic  and  very  good. 
September  20. 

Campbell’s  Early.  Bunch  large,  shouldered; 
berry  large,  glossy  black,  with  blue  bloom,  juicy, 
sweet,  and  free  from  foxiness.  October  1. 

Catawba.  An  old  popular  variety.  Bunch  me- 
dium, shouldered;  berry  large,  reddish  purple, 
juicy  sweet,  rich,  aromatic  and  excellent.  Oct.  10. 

Clinton.  Bunches  medium  or  small;  berry 
small,  almost  round,  black  with  bloom,  juicy,  with 
a pleasant  flavor  when  thoroughly  ripe.  Oct.  10. 

Concord.  One  of  the  most  popular  and  reliable 
varieties  we  possess.  Bunch  large,  compact  and 
shouldered;  berry  large,  round,  almost  black  with 
blue  bloom,  juicy,  buttery  and  very  sweet.  Sep- 
tember 25. 

Delaware.  Bunch  small,  compact;  berry  small, 
round,  translucent  light  red,  very  sweet  and  aro- 
matic. An  early  and-  abundant  bearer.  Vine 
hardy.  September  25. 

Eaton.  Bunch  very  large,  shouldered;  berry 
very  large,  round,  purplish  with  blue  bloom,  juicy, 
tender,  vinous  and  very  pleasant.  Oct.  1. 

Green  Mountain.  From  the  Green  Moumains 
of  Vermont.  Bunches  rather  large  and  shoul- 
dered; berries  medium,  greenish,  white,  thin  skin, 
juicy,  with  tender  and  sweet  pulp.  September  10. 

Merrimac.  Rogers’  No.  19.  Bunch  medium, 
rather  short;  berry  large,  round,  black,  juicy,  ten- 
der, sweet  and  of  excellent  quality.  October  10. 

Moore’s  Diamond.  Berry  medium,  round, 
greenish  white,  rich,  juicy,  sweet  and  pleasant.  A 
vigorous  grower  and  prolific  bearer.  Sept.  20. 

Moore’s  Early.  Bunch  large;  berry  large, 
black  with  a blue  bloom,  juicy,  sweet,  and  of  an 


agreeable  flavor.  Highly  esteemed  for  market. 
September  15. 

Niagara.  Bunches  large  and  compact,  some- 
times shouldered ; berry  large,  light  greenish  yel- 
low or  amber-colored,  thin  skin,  melting,  sweet, 
juicy,  with  a fine  aroma  and  flavor.  Productive 
and  a regular  bearer.  September  25. 

Pocklington.  A seedling  from  the  Concord. 
Bunch  very  large,  compact,  sometimes  shouldered ; 
berry  very  large,  round,  light  golden  yellow,  juicy, 


19 


Campbell's  Early  Grape 


Grapes — continued 

sweet  to  the  center,  and  of  a pleasant  flavor. 
September  25. 

Salem.  Rogers’  No.  22.  Bunch  large,  short  and 
compact;  berry  large,  round,  reddish  copper  color, 
tender,  juicy,  sweet,  with  a pleasant  aromatic 
flavor.  Ripens  soon  after  Delaware.  Oct.  10. 

Ulster.  Bunches  small  to  medium  and  com- 
pact; berries  medium  to  large,  dull  copper  color, 
juicy,  sugary,  rich  and  very  pleasant.  October  10. 


Wilder.  Rogers’  No.  4.  One  of  the  best  of  its 
class.  Bunch  large,  compact,  shouldered;  berry 
large,  round,  black  with  a blue  bloom,  juicy, 
sweet,  rich,  tender  and  somewhat  aromatic. 
October  10. 

Worden.  Similar  to,  but  better  than  Concord. 
Bunch  large,  shouldered;  berry  large,  black,  with 
light  bloom,  juicy,  sweet,  lively  and  pleasant 
flavor.  A strong  grower  and  very  productive. 
September  20. 


RASPBERRIES 


Columbian.  Very  large;  dark  red,  almost  pur- 
ple; rich,  juicy  and  delicious.  Wonderfully  pro- 
lific and  a good  shipper;  very  vigorous,  requiring 
more  room  than  other  varieties. 

Cumberland.  A mid-season  Blackcap.  Fruit 
of  the  largest  size  and  loads  its  canes  with  hand- 
some fruit  of  the  best  quality.  One  of  the  best 
market  berries. 

Cuthbert.  Queen  of  the  Market.  Cane  tall  and 
vigorous;  berries  large,  conical,  rich  crimson  and 
very  handsome;  best  quality,  and  carries  well; 
very  productive.  Season  medium  to  late. 

Golden  Queen.  Large;  beautiful  translucent 
yellow  color,  and  exceptionally  firm.  Very  pro- 
ductive. Season  same  as  Cuthbert. 

Gregg.  One  of  the  largest  Blackcaps,  and  a 
popular  market  variety;  very  prolific;  season 
medium. 

Kansas.  One  of  the  best  of  the  early  ripening 
Blackcaps ; the  berries  are  large  and  showy ; 
hardy. 

Marlboro.  A variety  from  Ulster  County, 
N.  Y.  Canes  very  strong,  healthy  and  vigorous ; 
berries  large,  bright  red  color,  good  quality  and  a 
good  shipper;  early. 

Miller’s  Red.  A stout,  healthy,  vigorous 
grower  and  very  hardy.  Bright  red,  with  a rich 
fruity  flavor.  Ripens  with  the  earliest. 

Munger.  A fine  new  Blackcap.  It  is  larger, 
hardier,  more  productive,  better  in  quality  and 
ripens  five  to  eight  days  later  than  Gregg. 

Plum  Farmer.  From  Adams  County,  Pa. 
Claimed  to  be  the  largest,  most  productive,  best- 
colored  and  most  attractive  blackcap  in  cultivation. 
Ripens  early,  and  bulk  of  the  crop  in  a short 
time. 


Souhegan.  It  is  large,  of  good  quality,  enor- 
mously productive,  and  ripens  a week  to  ten  days 
before  other  Blackcaps.  Very  hardy. 

WINEBERRY 

A Japanese  Raspberry.  Fruit  borne  in  clusters 
in  a hairy  bur  something  like  a chestnut;  of  a 
bright  red  color  and  particularly  good  for  jellies. 
Very  vigorous  and  hardy. 


Plum  Farmer  Raspberry 


BLACKBERRIES 

The  cultivation  of  this  very  delicious  and  healthy  fruit  is  attended  with  so  little  trouble  and  expense  that 
every  garden,  however  small,  should  have  at  least  one  dozen  plants.  For  cooking  purposes  they  are  unsurpassed, 
and  will  yield  a dark  wine  of  excellent  quality. 


20 


Blackberries— continued 

Early  Harvest.  A valuable  very  early  variety. 
Medium  size,  glossy  black  and  of  excellent  qual- 
ity. Of  dwarf  growth  and  vigorous. 

Eldorado.  Large,  jet-black,  melting,  sweet  and 
delicious,  without  a hard  core. 

Iceberg.  Fruit  white  when  ripe.  More  of  a 
curiosity  than  valuable. 

Kittatinny.  Large,  glossy,  black,  juicy  and 
sweet.  Originated  in  Warren  County,  N.  J. 

Logan.  Raspberry-Blackberry.  Form,  size  and 
shape  of  large  blackberries;  dark  red;  mild,  agree- 
able flavor.  A curious  novelty  for  the  garden. 

Lucretia.  Dewberry.  Best  of  its  class.  A low 


trailing  form,  with  large,  handsome,  sweet  and 
luscious  fruit.  Hardy  and  productive. 

Snyder.  Medium  size,  no  hard  core,  and  of  ex- 
cellent quality.  Hardy,  and  a vigorous  grower. 

Taylor.  Fruit  of  fair  size,  ripens  all  over  and 
has  no  core.  Absolutely  hardy  and  a long  liver; 
free  from  rust. 

Wachusett  Thornless.  Medium,  juicy,  sweet, 
and  of  excellent  flavor.  Canes  with  a few  thorns. 

Ward.  Fruit  larger  than  Eldorado;  rich,  sweet 
tender  and  melting;  no  hard  core;  the  best  market 
berry.  Canes  very  hardy. 

Wilson’s  Early.  A very  popular  and  excellent 
berry.  Large;  very  early,  sweet  and  luscious. 


GOOSEBERRIES 


AMERICAN 

Houghton.  A hardy  native  kind,  bearing  an- 
nually enormous  crops  of  fine  fruit,  and  free  from 
mildew;  a very  vigorous  grower. 


Wilder  Currant 


Downing.  A seedling  of  Houghton;  upright 
grower,  very  vigorous  and  productive.  Fruit 
much  larger  than  Houghton;  whitish  green  flesh, 
soft,  very  juicy  and  good.  The  best  for  family 
use  and  very  profitable  for  market. 

Smith’s  Improved.  The  fruit  is  large,  light 
green,  sweet  and  excellent;  productive.  Grown 
from  seed  of  the  Houghton  by  Dr.  Smith,  of 
Vermont. 

ENGLISH 

Industry.  Whinham’s.  Especially  adapted  to 
our  climate.  Of  the  largest  size;  color  dark  dusky 
red  and  quality  good.  Enormously  productive, 
twenty-six  tons  of  this  fruit  having  been  grown 
on  2>l/2  acres  of  land  in  England. 

CURRANTS 

No  garden,  however  small,  is  complete  without  a liberal 
supply  of  Currants.  There  is  no  fruit  which  stands  neglect  so 
well,  or  that  will  repay  the  cultivator  more  for  good  liberal 
culture  and  plenty  of  manure.  White  Hellebore  sprinkled 
over  the  bushes  when  the  dew  is  on  them  will  effectually 
destroy  the  currant  worm. 

Cherry.  La  Versaillaise.  Bunch  rather  short; 
berries  very  large,  deep  red,  quite  acid.  Shoots 
stout,  erect  and  vigorous. 

Fay’s  Prolific.  Bunch  long;  berry  large,  rich 
red,  subacid  and  fine-flavored.  Strong  grower 
and  exceedingly  productive.  Very  valuable. 

Lee’s  Prolific.  Bunch  medium;  berry  very 
large,  quite  black,  and  unsurpassed  for  jellies. 

Perfection.  This  is  a cross  between  Fay's  Pro- 
lific and  White  Grape.  Color  red;  as  large  or 
larger  than  Fay’s  and  clusters  average  larger. 
Prolific. 

White  Grape.  Bunch  moderately  long;  berry 
very  large,  yellowish,  sweet  and  excellent.  The 
best  white  Currant  grown.  Very  productive. 


21 


ASPARAGUS 


Section  of  a 6-acre  block  of  1-year  Asparagus 


Barr’s  Mammoth.  Very  large  size;  specially 
tender  and  of  fine  flavor. 

Columbian  Mammoth.  Very  large  shoots  of 
a white  color,  productive  and  vigorous. 

Conover’s  Colossal.  An  old  favorite  variety, 
both  for  market  and  home  use. 


Giant  Argenteuil.  A French  variety  said  to  be 
early,  producing  large  stalks  and  a good  cropper. 
A very  popular  variety. 

Palmetto.  This  is  a variety  from  the  South, 
succeeding  well  wherever  tested.  It  is  very  early. 


RHUBARB 

Myatt’s  Linnaeus.  This  is,  without  doubt,  the  best  variety  in  cultivation.  Stalks  long  and  heavy,  without 
being  in  the  least  stringy  or  tough,  with  a mild  subacid  flavor. 


NUMBER  OF  TREES  OR  PLANTS  SUFFICIENT  TO  PLANT  AN  ACRE, 
AT  VARIOUS  DISTANCES  APART 


3 by  3 

4 by  4 

5 by  5 

6 by  6 
8 by  8 

10  by  10 


NO.  OF  TREES  NO.  OF  TREES 

4,840  12  by  12  302 

2,722  15  by  15  193 

1,742  18  by  18  134 

1,210  20  by  20  108 

680  25  by  25  69 

435  30  by  30  48 


The  number  of  plants  required  for  an  acre  at  any  given  distance  apart  may  be  ascertained  by 
dividing  the  number  of  square  feet  in  an  acre  (43,560)  by  the  number  of  square  feet  given  to  each 
plant,  which  is  obtained  by  multiplying  the  distance  between  rows  by  the  distance  between  the  plants. 


DISTANCES  FOR  PLANTING 


FEET  APART 

Standard  Apples  30  to  35 

Dwarf  Apples  8 

Standard  Pears  25 

Dwarf  Pears  10 

Cherries,  Sweet  25 

Cherries,  Morello  12 


FEET  APART 

Plums,  Peaches,  Apricots  and  Nectarines..  ..  15 

Quinces  and  Grapes  10 

Currants,  Gooseberries,  Raspberries,  Rhubarb  4 

Blackberries  4 to  6 

Asparagus  3x4  to  6 


22 


SPRAYING  CALENDAR 

We  present  this  table  to  assist  Fruit  Growers  in  spraying  at  the  right  time  and  with  the  correct  solution. 
Good  results  cannot  be  expected  without  the  spraying  is  carefully  done.  Never  spray  when  fruit  trees  arc  in 
bloom.  We  prefer  arsenate  of  lead  to  paris  green. 


NAME  OF  PLANT  VARIOUS  APPLICATIONS  OF  SPRAYING  SOLUTIONS 

INSECT  AND 


FUNGI 

First  Spraying 

Second  Spraying 

Third  Spraying 

Fourth  Spraying 

APPLE  — Coddling 
Moth,  Canker 

Worm,  Bud  Moth, 
Apple  Scab. 

When  buds  are  swell- 
ing apply  Bor- 

deaux. 

i 

Before  blossoms  open, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

• 

When  blossoms  have 
fallen,  Bordeaux 

and  Arsenate. 

Twelve  days  later, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

PEAR  — Coddling 
Moth,  Leaf  Blight, 
Scab  and  Psylia. 

Before  buds  swell, 
Bordeaux. 

Before  blossoms  open, 
Bordeaux,  Kerosene 
Emulsion  for  Psylia. 

After  blossoms  fall, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate, Kerosene 

Emulsion  for 
Psylia. 

1 Fourteen  days  later, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

L 

PLUM  — Curculio, 
Rot,  Aphis. 

1 Just  before  buds  open, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
• senate. 

After  blossoms  fall, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

Twelve  days  later, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

| Kerosene  Emulsion 

for  Aphis. 

CHERRY  — Rot  and 
Aphis. 

Just  before  buds  open, 
Bordeaux,  Kerosene 
Emulsion  for  Aphis. 

When  fruit  has  set, 
Bordeaux. 

Twelve  days  later, 
Bordeaux,  if  signs 
of  Rot  are  present. 

1 Kerosene  Emulsion  if 
Aphis  is  present. 

PEACH  — Rot,  Mil- 
dew and  Curculio. 

As  buds  are  swelling, 
Bordeaux. 

Before  blossoms  open, 
Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

After  blossoms  have 
fallen,  Bordeaux 

and  Arsenate. 

Two  weeks  later, 

Bordeaux  and  Ar- 
senate. 

GRAPE  — Rot  and 
other  Fungous  Dis- 
eases. 

When  buds  are  be- 
ginning to  swell, 
Bordeaux. 

As  buds  are  opening, 
Bordeaux. 

Two  weeks  later, 

Bordeaux. 

Two  weeks  later,  Bor- 
deaux. 

Any  of  the  above  formulas  for  spraying,  with  full  directions  for  pruning  and  after  management,  will  be  sent  to 
customers  free  on  application. 


Why  Hoopes,  Bro.  & Thomas  Company’s 
Trees  are  so  Popular 

West  Chester  is  situated  27  miles  west  from  Philadelphia,  and  500  feet  above  tide- 
water; the  soil  is  a gravelly  loam,  the  best  for  making  plenty  of  fibrous  roots  and  good 
healthy,  well-ripened  wood.  This  is  the  reason  trees  grown  in  this  section  have  become 
so  popular  and  well  known  over  the  country,  as  they  transplant  easily,  and  start  right  off 
to  grow,  while  those  raised  in  a heavy,  stiff  soil  make  very  few  fibers,  only  large  or  tap- 
roots, and  when  transplanted  stand  frequently  for  two  or  three  years,  until  they  make 
new  roots  to  push  the  growth.  Trees  grown  on  low  lands  will  often  make  a stronger 
and  more  luxuriant  growth,  but  such  growth  is  usually  at  the  expense  of  the  trees,  as 
they  fail  to  properly  ripen  their  wood  before  winter,  and  hence  are  liable  to  injury  by 
extreme  cold.  This  can  only  be  discovered  by  cutting  off  some  of  the  limbs,  when  the 
center,  or  heart,  will  be  found  to  be  black.  The  trees  may  live  for  a few  years  after 
transplanting,  but  will  soon  die  or  become  poor,  stunted  specimens. 

Our  soil  at  West  Chester  is  peculiarly  adapted  by  nature  to  the  healthy  growth  of 
young  nursery  stock,  so  that  we  are  able  to  develop  hardy,  healthy  and  thrifty  trees, 
vines  and  plants  with  an  abundance  of  fibrous  roots.  Fibrous  roots  and  good  healthy 
well-ripened  wood  are  the  two  essentials  to  successful  transplanting  and  long  life. 

Trees  grown  on  high,  bleak  situations  are  exposed  to  the  cold  winter  winds,  and  are 
more  hardy  and  rugged  than  those  grown  in  more  protected  places;  this  is  why  our 
trees  do  equally  well  in  cold,  bleak  New  England,  or  the  blizzard  prairies  of  the  West  and 
Northwest  and  in  the  warm  sunny  South.  West  Chester  grown  trees  transplant  better, 
come  into  bearing  earlier,  and  give  better  general  satisfaction  than  those  grown  in  any 
other  section  of  the  country. 


23 


Part  II.  Ornamental  Department 

Nursery  Stock  for  Ornamental  purposes  has  always  been  a leading  feature  in  our  business,  and  we  can  show 
specimens  of  many  of  the  leading  varieties  planted  from  thirty  to  fifty  years;  from  our  experience  during  that  time  we 
are  enabled  to  advise  purchasers  of  the  best  things  to  plant.  We  are  constantly  adding  to  our  stock  everything  that 
is  new  and  valuable  and  believe  we  have  the  best  collection  of  choice  Ornamentals  in  the  country. 


EVERGREENS  (Coniferae) 

The  cultivation  of  Conifers  has  been  a leading  specialty  in  this  establishment  since  its  origin.  With  a view  of 
testing  the  adaptability  of  the  various  species  and  varieties  to  our  climate,  a “Pinetum,”  four  acres  in  extent,  was 
planted  with  specimens  of  each  kind  that  could  be  procured.  A number  of  the  tender  and  half-hardy  kinds  have  suc- 
cumbed to  the  severity  of  our  winters,  but  the  health  and  beauty  of  the  many  grand  specimens  remaining  attest  the 
congenial  character  of  our  soil  and  climate  to  their  needs.  With  the  knowledge  thus  gained  by  practical  experience 
we  have  eliminated  from  commercial  propagation  many  kinds  of  doubtful  usefulness  in  our  climate,  and  added  others 
which  have  proven  of  great  value. 


The  following  list,  therefore,  contains  only  such  as  we 
object  being  not  to  swell  the  list  of  names,  but  rather  to 
patrons. 

ABIES.  Fir 

A genus  composed  mostly  of  large  trees  of  a 
formal,  conical  outline  and  rich  in  color.  The 
leaves  are,  for  the  most  part,  in  two  ranks,  flat- 
tened, dark  green,  glossy  and  whitened  beneath, 
the  cones  always  standing  erect  with  the  scales 
deciduous  at  maturity.  They  delight  in  deep  rich 
soil,  and  in  such  will  make  an  astonishingly 
rapid  growth. 

A.  balsamea.  Balsam  Fir,  Balm  of  Gilead.  A 
well-known  native  species,  beautiful  when  young, 


believe  we  may  recommend  to  planters  without  reserve,  our 
make  a reliable  suggestive  Catalogue  that  will  benefit  our 

but  short-lived,  and  eventually  presenting  an 
open,  straggling  form.  It  is  deep  green  in  color, 
rapid  in  growth  and  unquestionably  hardy. 

Abies  Cephalonica.  Cephalonian  Fir.  An  ex- 
ceedingly beautiful  tree  from  the  mountains  of 
Cephalonia,  where  it  attains  the  height  of  60 
feet.  It  has  proved  quite  hardy  with  us.  The 
leaves  are  dark  green  and  shining  above,  with  a 
silvery  glaucous  tint  beneath.  The  form  is 
strictly  conical  and  the  tree  a rapid  grower. 

A.  concolor.  White  Silver  Fir.  A native  of  the 


24 


Abies  concola — continued 

Western  States,  from  Arizona  and  Utah  to  the 
California  Sierras,  and,  unlike  many  of  the 
Pacific  slope  conifers,  is  quite  reliable  in  the 
Eastern  States.  It  eventually  forms  a very 
large  tree,  with  leaves  long,  pale  glaucous  green, 
and  very  attractive.  Closely  allied  to  A.  grandis, 
but  with  rough  gray  bark. 

A.  Nobilis.  Noble  Silver  Fir.  The  foliage  is  of 
a rich  glaucous  green  color,  and  the  tree  attains 
a great  height.  From  northern  California. 

A.  Nordmanniana.  N ord matin  s Fir.  One  of  the 
most  popular  and  available  Evergreen  trees 
known  to  planters.  Unquestionably  hardy,  of 
rapid  growth,  perfect  in  outline,  with  foliage  of 
rich,  deep  glossy  green,  it  thus  combines  all  the 
excellence  needful  in  a tree  of  this  class.  It  is  a 
native  of  the  Crimea,  but  succeeds  in  all  local- 
ities and  situations. 

A.  pectinata.  European,  or  Common  Silver  Fir. 
A tree  of  the  largest  size,  of  rapid  growth,  with 
deep  shining  green  foliage,  and  is  in  some  sec- 
tions quite  popular. 

var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Silver  Fir.  An 
extremely  attractive  and  very  rare  conifer.  The 
form  is  strictly  upright,  remarkably  dense,  and 
usually  branched  thickly  from  the  ground  up, 
ending  in  a straight  leading  shoot;  foliage  dark 
shining  green. 

A.  Veitchii.  Veitch’s  Fir.  From  the  mountains 
of  Japan.  Leaves  bright  green,  silvery  white 
below.  A very  hardy  and  beautiful  tree. 

CEDRUS.  The  True  Cedar 

This  genus  is  very  popular  in  the  South,  where 
they  are  all  hardy  and  make  stately  trees.  The 
following  are  reasonably  hardy  with  us. 

C.  Atlantica.  Mount  Atlas  Cedar.  Makes  a large 
tree  and  is  the  hardiest  of  the  true  Cedars.  The 
leaves  are  of  a light  greenish  color  and  grow 
in  clusters  along  the  branches.  The  tree  is 
rather  open  and  loosely  formed. 

C.  Atlantica  glauca.  Mount  Atlas  Silver  Cedar. 
A variety  of  the  above  with  beautiful  glaucous 
bluish  green  foliage.  Grows  more  compact  and 
is  hardier  than  the  species. 

C.  Libani.  Cedar  of  Lebanon.  This  fine  Conifer 
is  reasonably  hardy  in  the  Middle  States.  Al- 
though making  a regular  conical-shaped  tree 
when  young,  it  eventually  assumes  a perfect 
tabular  form  with  age,  the  branches  being 
strictly  horizontal. 

CHAMAECYPARIS.  Retinospora 

This  charming  group  of  Conifers  from  Japan 
has  been  separated  from  the  Cupressus,  or  true 
Cypress.  They  are  so  satisfactory  and  so  exceed- 


ingly ornamental  that  they  are  the  most  popular 
evergreen  of  the  present  day.  They  should  be 
sheared  or  clipped  every  year  to  keep  them  in 
good  shape. 

C.  obtusa.  Obtuse-leaved  Retinospora.  This  is 
the  largest  of  the  group,  attaining  a height 
of  60  to  100  feet  in  Japan.  It  is  a rapid-grow- 
ing, handsome  tree,  with  small,  scale-like,  light 
green  leaves  and  drooping  branches.  Its  hardi- 
ness is  unquestionable  throughout  the  Middle 
States. 

var.  Lycopodoides.  This  variety  has  a curious 
twisted-like  growth,  the  foliage  being  much 
compressed. 

var.  filicoides.  Fern-like  Retinospora.  A very 
attractive  garden  variety,  attaining  a height  of 
4 or  5 feet,  and  bearing  a general  resemblance 
to  its  parent,  C.  obtusa.  Its  name  is  derived 
from  the  peculiar  and  graceful  arrangement  of 
its  branchlets.  The  leaves  are  deep  green,  with 
a slight  glaucous  tint  on  the  under  side, 
var.  gracilis.  Color  dark  green;  graceful 
habit. 

C.  pisifera.  Pea-fruited  Retinospora.  A smaller 
tree  than  C.  obtusa,  slender  in  growth,  with  ele- 
gant feathery  foliage.  It  is  a hardy,  graceful 


Chamaecyparis  pisifera  aurea— Page  26 


25 


Chamaecyparis  pisifera — continued 

and  rapid-growing  evergreen,  with  yellowish 
green  foliage  marked  with  glaucous  lines  below, 
var.  compacta.  Compact  Retinospora.  A very 
pretty  form  of  the  pisifera,  making  a round, 
compact  small  tree. 

var.  argentea.  Silver-spotted  Retinospora.  A 
very  distinct  and  pretty  variety  of  the  above, 
having  the  foliage  liberally  sprinkled  with  pure 
white  dots.  It  is  fully  as  hardy  as  the  species. 
C.  pisifera,  var.  aurea.  Golden-variegated 
* Retinospora.  Also  very  distinct  and  pretty. 
It  is  quite  as  hardy  and  conspicuous  as  the 
preceding,  and  should  be  more  liberally  used 
in  collections.  From  the  neighborhood  of 
Yeddo  in  Japan.  All  the  young  foliage  is 
marked  with  rich  golden  yellow, 
var.  filifera.  Thread-like  Retinospora.  An  ele- 
gant drooping  form,  especially  noticeable  in  a 
group  of  Conifers.  The  thread-like  pensile 
branchlets  are  very  graceful,  and  are  furnished 
with  small,  sharp-pointed,  glossy  green  leaves. 
Unusually  distinct. 

var.  filifera  aurea.  Golden  Thread-like  Reti- 


nospora. This  variety  keeps  its  bright  yellow 
color  all  the  year,  making  it  very  attractive  and 
striking. 

var.  liptoclada.  Upright  growth,  compact  pyra- 
midal. Similar  to  Irish  Juniper  in  form.  Light 
green  color. 

var.  plumosa.  Plume-like  Retinospora.  A 
small  tree,  15  or  20  feet  high,  but  only  a garden 
form  of  some  species  in  Japan.  It  forms  a very 
dense-growing  large  tush  of  conical  habit,  bears 
the  shears  well,  and  is  certainly  a great  addition 
to  our  cultivated  dwarf  Conifers.  Branchlets 
numerous  and  feathery,  with  deep  green  leaves, 
var.  plumosa  aurea.  Golden  Plume-like  Reti- 
nospora. Without  doubt  one  of  the  most  strik- 
ing and  desirable  little  evergreens  for  our  cli- 
mate. Habit  of  growth  similar  to  preceding, 
but  with  its  terminal  shoots  and  young  foliage 
of  a bright  golden  yellow  tint.  Very  distinct, 
hardy,  and  useful  for  grouping.  Should  be  fre- 
quently sheared. 

var.  squarrosa.  We  have  two  very  distinct 
forms  grown  under  this  name,  Sieboldi  and 
Veitchi;  the  latter  is  better  in  every  way.  A 


Back  row,  left  to  right  — Sciadopitys  verticillata,  page  30;  Thuya  pyramidalis,  page  31;  Juniperus  Cracovian,  page  27. 
Centre — Chamaecyparis  plumosa  aurea,  page  26;  Thuya  falcata  nana,  page  32. 

Front  row—  Chamaecyparis  veitchii,  page  26;  Thuya  globosa,  page  31;  Chamaecyparis  pisifera  aurea,  page  26; 

Box  latifolia,  page  59. 

26 


A Planting  of  our  Evergreens 
Chamaecyparis  squarrosa— continued 


beautiful  heath-like  plant,  with  sharp-pointed, 
silvery  foliage,  and  of  compact,  pyramidal 
growth.  Makes  a fine  contrast  in  color  with  the 
plumosa  aurea. 

C.  Nutkaensis.  Cupressus  Nutkcensis.  Nootka 
Sound  Cypress.  Grows  from  Sitka  to  Oregon. 
Foliage  deep  glaucous  green;  conical  in  out- 
line; branches  drooping. 

CRYPTOMERIA.  Japan  Cedar 

Extensively  planted  in  Japan  on  avenues  and 
for  timber.  There  is  only  one  species,  but  several 
varieties.  The  best,  in  our  opinion,  is  the  fol- 
lowing : 

C.  Japonica,  var.  Lobbi.  This  variety  is  hardier 
than  the  species,  more  compact,  and  the  bright 
green  leaves  change  to  a beautiful  bronze  color 
at  the  approach  of  cold  weather. 

JUNIPERUS.  Juniper 

A genus  of  small  to  medium-sized  trees  and 
shrubs  widely  disseminated  over  the  world,  from 
the  arctic  to  the  tropical  regions.  The  name  Cedar 
being  applied'  to  some  of  the  species  is  a misnomer, 
as  the  Junipers  are  very  distinct  from  the  last- 
named  genus  of  true  Cedars. 

J.  Chinensis,  var.  aurea.  (/.  Japonica  aurea.) 
Upright  form  with  young  branchlets  golden 
yellow,  the  color  becoming  more  brilliant  in 
the  full  sun. 

J.  Chinensis,  var.  procumbens  repens.  A dwarf 
low  form  of  Chinese  Juniper.  A fine  ever- 
green for  covering  rocks ; color  grayish  green. 
J.  communis  alpina.  Canadian  Trailing  Juniper. 
A dwarf  creeping  form  of  the  Common  Juni- 


per, with  distinct  bright,  silvery  foliage.  A 
native  of  our  most  Northern  States,  and  espe- 
cially suited  to  rocky  hillsides  and  the  borders 
of  groups.  Being  somewhat  impatient  of  re- 
moval, due  care  must  be  exercised  in  planting 
both  the  species  and  the  following  variety. 

Juniperus  communis,  var.  alpina  aurea.  Golden 
Trailing  Juniper.  A well-marked  form  of  the 
preceding,  with  bright  golden  yellow  foliage  and 
a prostrate  growth.  It  is  strictly  hardy,  and 
one  of  the  choicest  dwarf  Conifers  in  the  entire 
list.  For  grouping  with  other  low-growing 
evergreens  the  contrast  in  tint  and  habit  is  ex- 
ceedingly pleasing. 

var.  Cracovia.  Polish  Juniper.  A native  of  the 
vicinity  of  Cracow,  quite  hardy  and  of  attractive 
habit.  It  is  erect  in  growth  and  not  unlike  the 
Irish  Juniper  in  general  character,  although 
somewhat  resembling  the  Swedish  variety, 
var.  Hibernica.  Irish  Juniper.  It  is  remarkably 
fastigiate  in  growth,  with  all  the  branches 
closely  appressed,  and  the  foliage  a silvery 
bright  green.  Growth  rapid  and  uniform. 

var.  Suecia.  Swedish  Juniper.  This  variety  is 
less  stiff  and  precise  in  growth  than  the  preced- 
ing, being  rather  more  straggling  in  habit,  with 
a peculiar  yellowish  glaucous  tint  pervading 
every  portion  of  the  plant. 

J.  Macrocarpa  (/.  Neoboriensis).  A shrub  or 
small  tree  of  dense  pyramidal  habit;  color  dark 
brown,  glaucous.  Comes  from  the  Mediterran- 
ean region. 

J.  Sabina.  Savin  Juniper.  A hardy  species  from 
the  sub-alpine  districts  of  southern  Europe  as 


27 


Juniperus  Sabina — continued 

well  as  the  northern  portions  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  It  is  of  broadly  spreading 
habit,  very  deep  green,  and  useful  for  planting 
along  the  front  of  groups,  etc.  Especially  desir- 
able for  rockwork  and  planting  in  light  sandy 
soil  where  many  evergreens  refuse  to  thrive. 

J.  virginalis  globosa  ( Ibuka ).  From  Japan. 

Grows  in  the  form  of  a ball;  very  dwarf. 

J.  Virginiana.  Red  Cedar.  This  native  tree  is  so 
well  known  it  scarcely  needs  a description.  It 
is  very  useful  in  massing  with  other  evergreens, 
var.  glauca.  Blue  Virginian  Cedar.  One  of  the 
prettiest  forms  of  the  common  Red  Cedar.  Its 
silvery  foliage  makes  it  very  attractive, 
var.  pendula.  Weeping  Red  Cedar.  The 
branches  all  have  a pendulous  tendency,  making 
a pretty  weeping  evergreen. 

PICEA.  Spruce 

The  true  Spruces  are  natives  of  the  colder  sec- 
tions of  Europe  and  Asia,  as  well  as  of  North 
America,  and  are,  with  few  exceptional  species, 
entirely  reliable  with  us.  They  are  among  the 
most  ornamental  of  our  entire  list  of  available 
trees,  growing  readily  in  any  good  soil  and  form- 


Picea  Canadensis 


ing  regular  shaped  pyramidal  specimens  even  when 

old. 

P.  Alcoquiana.  Alcock’s  Spruce.  One  of  the 
newer  evergreens  from  Japan,  where  it  grows 
to  a large  size,  with  light  green  leaves  marked 
underneath  with  silvery  lines.  It  has  proven  en- 
tirely hardy  and  very  distinct  in  general  char- 
acter. Of  rather  slow  growth  when  young,  but 
rapidly  increasing  in  size  after  being  fully  estab- 
lished. 

P.  Canadensis  (Syn.,  P.  alba).  White  Spruce.  A 
medium-sized  tree  from  the  northern  portions  of 
the  United  States,  Canada,  etc.,  with  a compact 
habit  of  growth,  regular  conical  outline,  and 
soft  glaucous  green  color. 

P.  excelsa.  Norway  Spruce.  This  highly  popular 
evergreen  is  so  well  known  as  to  scarcely  need  a 
description.  It  is  a general  favorite  with  all 
planters  at  the  North  on  account  of  its  hardi- 
ness, rich  green  color,  graceful  habit  and  adap- 
tation to  all  well-drained  soils.  It  is  a native 
of  Europe,  and  forms  a large-sized  specimen, 
branched  to  the  ground,  with  numerous  droop- 
ing branchlets  which  add  to  its  attractiveness. 
A rapid  grower. 

var.  inverta.  Weeping  Norway  Spruce.  A re- 
markably drooping  form  of  the  foregoing  spe- 
cies, with  the  branches  hanging  closely  to  the 
body  of  the  tree.  The  leaves  are  slightly  larger 
and  of  a brighter  green  than  the  type.  It  is 
quite  as  hardy  as  the  above,  and  worthy  a place 
in  collections  of  such  odd  sports, 
var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Spruce.  A very 
remarkable  variety,  strictly  upright  in  its 
growth ; and  resembling  the  Lombardy  Poplar  in 
habit;  in  fact,  the  arrangement  of  its  branches 
is  exactly  the  reverse  of  those  on  the  type.  It 
is  hardy,  easily  grown  and  increases  rapidly  in 
size. 

P.  orientalis.  Eastern  Spruce.  One  of  the  most 
beautiful  and  easily  grown  of  all  the  rarer 
classes  of  Conifers.  A native  of  Armenia,  where 
it  forms  dense  forests  on  the  mountain  sides.  It 
is  not  so  large  as  the  Norway  Spruce,  but  very 
dense  in  structure,  with  numerous  short,  sharp, 
deep  green  leaves.  The  outline  is  strictly  pyra- 
midal, with  less  of  a drooping  character  than 
the  Norway,  although  fully  as  hardy  and  at- 
tractive. 

P.  polita.  From  Japan.  Leaves  bright  green, 
rigid  and  placed  thickly  around  the  stout 
branches.  One  of  the  most  distinct  Spruces  and 
very  beautiful  and  attractive. 

P.  pungens.  Colorado  Spruce.  Perhaps  the  most 
attractive  conifer  in  our  entire  list  of  avail- 


28 


Picea  pungent — continued 

able  species.  It  is  entirely  hardy,  of  compara- 
tively rapid  growth,  has  an  elegant  glaucous 
green  tint,  and  a perfect  outline. 

P.  pungens  glauca.  Koste/s  Colorado  Blue 
Spruce.  Unquestionably  the  finest  of  all  the 
evergreen  family;  the  beautiful  silvery  blue 
color  together  with  its  fine  pyramidal  form  com- 
bine to  make  it  the  most  desirable  tree  for  all 
collections. 

P.  pungens  glauca  var.  Hoopesii.  A variety  se- 
lected by  ourselves.  A better  color  than  any  of 
the  Pungens  strain ; the  blue  is  more  intense 
than  Roster’s;  very  handsome. 

P.  Douglasi.  Douglas  Spruce.  A tall,  pyramidal 
tree  growing  from  Colorado  to  the  Pacific 
Coast,  where  it  attains  a height  of  200  feet  and 
is  the  most  valuable  timber  tree  of  the  North- 
west. Leaves  dark  or  bluish  green,  spreading 
at  sides  of  the  branches.  A fine  tree  of  great 
hardiness. 

PINUS.  Pine 

In  an  economic  point  of  view  this  genus  is  the 
most  valuable  in  the  Coniferae,  and  for  ornamental 
purposes  it  is  second  to  none.  The  several  species 
are  distributed  over  the  greater  portion  of  the 
world,  in  all  extremes  of  climate  and  soil.  Fortu- 
nately we  of  the  Middle  States  are  enabled  to  suc- 
ceed with  a large  number  of  beautiful  kinds,  of 
which  the  following  are  the  most  reliable  for  gen- 
eral culture. 

P.  Austriaca.  Austrian  Pine.  A rapid-grow- 
ing species  from  the  mountains  of  the  Austrian 
Empire.  It  has  very  stout  branches,  with  long, 
rigid  bluish  green  leaves,  and  presents  a massive 
appearance  in  contrast  with  other  Conifers.  It 
is  very  hardy,  not  specially  particular  in  regard 
to  soils,  and  valuable  for  windbreaks,  etc. 

P.  Cembra.  Swiss  Stone  Pine.  A handsome 
hardy  species  from  central  Europe  and  northern 
Asia,  with  a regular  conical  outline,  deep  green 
foliage  and  compact  growth.  It  is  a small  or 
medium-sized  tree,  although  in  its  native  habitat 
it  attains  a height  of  100  feet.  Unlike  many 
other  Pines,  it  retains  its  branches  to  the 
ground. 

P.  excelsa.  Himalayan,  or  Bhotan  Pine.  One  of 
the  most  elegant  evergreens.  The  branches  are 
disposed  in  regular  whorls,  with  long,  slender, 
drooping,  glaucous  green  leaves.  It  is  a native 
of  the  Himalaya  mountains,  growing  at  high 
elevations,  and  is  quite  hardy  here.  Attains  a 
height  of  from  50  to  100  feet. 

P.  Montana  (Syn.,  P.  Mugho,  P.  Pumilio,  etc.). 
Mountain  Pine.  This  dwarf  species  is  of  the 


very  greatest  importance  to  the  landscape  gar- 
dener, owing  to  its  extreme  hardiness,  dark 
somber  green  color,  low,  spreading  growth, 
adaptation  to  rough  soils,  etc.  It  is  a native  of 
the  sub-alpine  districts  of  central  Europe,  where 
it  grows  either  as  a straggling  bush  of  5 feet 
or  a small  dense  tree  of  15  feet. 

P.  Ponderosa.  Heavy  Wooded  Pine,  Bull  Pine. 
A hardy  tree  from  the  Pacific  coast  attaining  a 
height  of  100  feet;  very  vigorous,  with  dark 
green  foliage. 

P.  Strobus.  White  Pine.  This  is  the  most  im- 
posing of  all  the  Pines  native  to  the  eastern 
states.  It  forms  a large,  straight  tree,  from  100 
to  160  feet  in  height,  with  horizontal  branches 
clothed  with  long,  slender,  slightly  glaucous 


Picea  pungens— Page  28 


29 


Pinus  Strobus — continued 

leaves.  The  most  popular  Pine  for  general 
planting,  and  makes  a majestic  tree  when  full 
grown. 

P.  sylvestris.  Scotch  Pine.  A rapid-growing, 
very  hardy  evergreen,  especially  adapted  for 
windbreaks  and  grouping.  It  is  a native  of 
central  and  northern  Europe,  forming  large 
trees  with  pleasing  glaucous  green  leaves.  Al- 
though quite  ornamental  when  young,  this  spe- 
cies is  more  picturesque  than  beautiful  with 
age. 

PSEUDOTSUGA 

This  genus  is  separate  from  the  true  Spruce  on 
account  of  variation  of  the  type  or  standard.  It 


should  be  planted  in  deep,  thoroughly  drained 
soils. 

P.  DOUGLASII.  Douglas  Spruce 

From  Colorado.  Pyramidal  tree  attaining  200 
feet  in  height ; leaves  light  green  above,  glaucous 
below.  A rapid  grower  and  very  handsome. 

SCIADOPITYS.  Umbrella  Pine 

From  Japan.  The  growth  of  this  tree  is  dif- 
ferent from  all  other  evergreens.  The  genus  con- 
sists of  only  one  species. 

S.  verticillata.  A tall  tree  of  narrow,  pyramidal 
habit,  with  linear,  rather  large  needle-like  leaves 
in  whorls. 


TAXUS.  Yew 


Unfortunately  this  attractive  genus  of  ever- 
greens is  not  so  reliable  in  our  climate  as  we  might 
wish,  but  when  duly  sheltered  and  in  proper  soil, 
the  different  species  frequently  attain  good  size 
and  become  among  the  most  delightful  of  large 
shrubs.  For  grouping,  as  well  as  formal  garden- 
ing, they  are  especially  adapted,  and  as  they  bear 
free  pruning  their  value  is  greatly  enhanced. 

T.  baccata.  Common,  or  English  Yew.  An  old 
and  popular  evergreen  seen  in  all  English  gar- 
dens. Of  very  slow  growth,  but  in  time  at- 
tains the  height  of  a small  tree.  Very  bushy, 
with  rich  dark  glossy  green  foliage  and  spread- 
ing habit. 

var.  aurea.  Golden  Yew.  The  margin  and  tips 
of  the  leaves  of  this  variety  have  a golden  yel- 
low color  making  it  very  conspicuous  and  hand- 
some. Has  a low  bushy  habit, 
var.  elegantissima.  Similar  to  the  above,  but 
of  a slightly  different  color, 
var.  fastigiata.  Irish  Yew.  A remarkable  up- 
right form,  very  distinct  and  handsome.  Has  a 
rich  dark  green  color. 

var.  fastigiata  aurea.  Golden  Variegated 
Irish  Yew.  Resembles  the  above, 
but  has  rich  yellow  marblings  and 
spots  on  the  young  shoots, 
var.  gracilis  pendula.  Weeping 
English  Yew.  A very  striking  va- 
riety with  pendulous  branches. 

T.  cuspidata.  Japanese  Yew.  A 
small  tree  from  Japan  that  has 
proven  entirely  hardy  with  us.  It 
has  large,  dark  glossy  green  leaves 
and  a compact  habit  of  growth, 
var.  nana.  ( T . Brevifolia.)  A 
dwarf  compact  form  of  the  above 
with  shorter  leaves. 


Sciadopitys  verticillata 

The  largest  specimen  in  this  country — it’s  on  our  grounds 


var.  Washingtoni.  A vigorous 
form  with  larger  leaves  partly  col- 
ored golden  yellow. 


30 


THUYA.  Arborvitae 

The  Arborvitaes  of  North  America  are  very  dis- 
tinct from  those  of  the  Old  World  in  many  essen- 
tial points.  Our  plants  are  more  hardy,  grow 
larger,  and  are  adapted  to  a greater  variety  of 
purposes  than  the  Oriental  varieties.  For  hedging 
they  are  cheap,  grow  quickly,  and  bear  the  shears 
well.  The  species,  as  well  as  the  numerous  gar- 
den forms,  are  especially  adapted  for  ornamental 
planting. 

T.  gigantea  (T.  Lobbi).  Lobb’s  Arborvitce.  Grows 
like  the  Siberian  Arborvitae  but  more  upright. 
A very  compact  and  pyramidal  form, 
var.  aurea.  Lobb’s  Golden  Arborvitce.  A va- 
riety of  the  preceding,  with  the  tips  of  the 
branches  a golden  yellow  color. 

T.  occidentalis.  American  Arborvitce.  This  well- 
known  tree  is  a native  of  the  northern  portion 
of  our  continent,  is  entirely  hardy  in  all  situa- 
tions, and  not  particular  in  regard  to  soils.  It 
forms  a dense  tree,  from  25  to  50  feet  high, 
growing  in  an  erect  conical  form,  and  is  of  rapid 
growth.  No  evergreen  bears  the  shears  with 
less  injury  than  this. 

var.  Brinckerhoifi.  Brinckerhoff’s  Arborvitce. 
A distinct  and  exceedingly  attractive  variety, 
resembling  the  Siberian  Arborvitae  in  outline 
and  density,  but  of  a charming  golden  yellow 
tint.  During  the  spring  months  the  young  growth 
is  specially  noticeable  and  contrasts  beautifully 
with  the  darker  hue  of  other  forms.  It  is  quite 
hardy  and  reliable  in  the  northern  states, 
var.  compacta.  Parsons'  Arborvitce.  A dwarf, 
compact  form  of  rather  slender  growth  and  pale 
yellowish  green  color.  Is  a popular,  reliable 
variety.  It  is  of  slow  growth,  broad  and  com- 
pact, and  suitable  for  cemeteries, 
var.  conica  densa.  Dwarf  Dense  Arborvitce. 
One  of  the  best  of  the  smallest  bush-like  ever- 
greens, with  a conical  outline.  Of  very  compact 
growth  and  dark  green  color.  One  of  the  most 
popular  of  the  dwarf  Arborvitaes. 
var.  ericoides.  Heath-like  Arborvitce.  It  is 
merely  a dwarf  form  of  the  American  Arbor- 
vitae, with  the  first  leaves  of  the  species  per- 
petuated— in  other  words,  an  arrest  of  vegeta- 
tion. It  is  of  conical  form,  very  dense  with 
linear,  sharp-pointed  leaves,  changing  to  a dull 
brownish  red  in  winter. 

var.  George  Peabody.  This  is  the  most  con- 
spicuous and  elegant  of  variegated  or  golden- 
tinted  Conifers.  It  is  a rapid  grower,  having 
foliage  plentifully  marked  with  deep  golden 
yellow.  As  in  all  of  this  class  of  trees,  the  early 
summer  growth  is  much  more  beautiful,  and 


quite  hardy,  combining  all  the  elements  of  suc- 
cess. 

var.  globosa.  Globe-headed  Arborvitce.  An- 
other of  the  popular  dwarf  forms,  globular  in 
outline,  and  dense  in  construction.  It  is  a very 
pretty  shade  of  green,  needs  no  clipping,  and  is 
always  reliable. 

var.  Hoveyi.  A dwarf  variety,  compact  and 
globular  in  form;  the  foliage  is  a bright,  yel- 
lowish-green. 

var.  pumila.  Booth’s  Dzvarf  Arborvitce.  An 
excellent  dwarf  variety,  raised  in  a German 
collection.  It  makes  a neat  little  bush,  very 
dense  and  perfect  in  form.  The  outline  is  per- 
fectly rounded  and  the  color  a fine  shade  of 
green. 

var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Arborvitce.  A 
remarkably  columnar  form,  with  all  the 
branches  rigidly  erect;  dark  green,  compact, 
very  desirable.  As  conspicuous  as  the  Irish 


Tsuga  Canadensis— I’age  32 


31 


Thuya  pyramidalis — continued 

Yew  and  much  hardier  than  that  popular  Eng- 
lish evergreen. 

var.  pyramidalis  Douglasi.  Douglas’s  Pyra- 
midal Arborvitce.  A comparatively  new  and 
very  distinct  variety  from  Waukegan,  Illinois. 
Like  the  above,  it  is  exceedingly  erect  in  habit, 
very  compact,  and  of  a pleasing  deep  green 
color. 

var.  Sibirica.  Siberian  Arborvitce.  This  well- 
known  popular  variety  is  one  of  the  most  use- 
ful evergreens  for  the  northern  states,  com- 
bining as  it  does  excessive  hardiness,  regular 
conical  outline,  and  a peculiar  dark  green  and 
remarkably  dense  foliage. 

var.  Vervaeneana.  Vervcene’s  Variegated  Ar- 


tint;  the  latter  is  retained  throughout  the  sea- 
son. 

var.  falcata  nana.  Falcate  Arborvitce.  From 
Japan.  Is  of  a dense  conical  form  with  light 
green  foliage.  Very  compact, 
var.  pendula  (T.  filiformis).  Weeping  Orien- 
tal Arborvitce.  The  pendulous  thread-like 
branches  are  very  curious  and  effective. 

var.  pyramidalis  aurea.  A pyramidal  form 
with  the  leaves  tipped  with  a golden  yellow 
color. 

TSUGA.  Hemlock 

A small  genus  of  evergreen  frequently  classed 
with  the  Spruces,  although  botanically  distinct. 
The  trees  belonging  to  this  group  are  all  of  re- 


A planting  of  our  stock  in  a sunken  garden 


borvitce.  A remarkably  attractive  kind,  the  foli- 
age being  beautifully  marked  with  golden  yel- 
low spots.  During  early  summer  the  young 
growth  is  tinted  with  the  same  bright  hue, 
which  changes  in  winter  to  a brownish  orange, 
var.  aurea  (Biota).  Golden  Arborvitce.  The 
young  growth  is  a rich  golden  yellow.  It  is 
round,  compact  and  handsome, 
var.  aurea  nana.  Dwarf  Golden  Arborvitce. 
A beautiful  dwarf  compact  evergreen  with  foli- 
age of  a golden  yellow  color.  One  of  the  best 
dwarf  evergreens. 

var.  elegantissima.  Rollinson’s  Arborvitce. 
An  upright  fastigiate  growth  and  fine  golden 


markably  graceful  habit,  and  their  foliage  pre- 
sents a more  light  and  feathery  appearance  than 
that  of  either  the  Spruces  or  the  Firs,  to  both 
of  which  they  are  closely  allied. 

T.  Canadensis.  Hemlock  Spruce.  A well-known 
native  of  the  northern  states,  and  among  our 
most  valued  hardy  Conifers.  It  is  a tree  of  the 
largest  size,  of  a regular  conical  form,  with 
long,  slender  branches,  drooping  gracefully  to 
the  ground.  The  dark  green  foliage  is  re- 
markably pleasing,  and  the  growth  rapid  in 
congenial  soils.  One  of  the  best  evergreens  for 
ornamental  hedge  planting,  as  it  holds  its  dark 
green  color  through  the  winter.  It  is  better 


32 


Tsuga  Canadensis — continued 

known  in  cultivation  as  Abies  Canadensis,  one 
of  the  most  beautiful  and  useful  of  native 
evergreens.  Found  in  hilly  or  rocky  woods ; 
very  common  northward. 

var.  nana.  Dwarf  Hemlock.  A curious  dwarf 


form  which  is  very  much  smaller  in  all  its 
parts  than  the  common  Hemlock;  in  fact,  it  is 
merely  a little  round-headed,  compact  bush, 
very  twiggy  and  deep  green  in  color,  and  is  ex- 
ceedingly valuable  for  the  shrubbery  and  all 
kinds  of  ornamental  landscape  work. 


DECIDUOUS  TREES 

It  has  been  our  constant  endeavor,  from  the  commencement  of  this  business,  to  test  all  species  and  marked  va- 
rieties of  deciduous  trees  that  would  endure  our  climate,  and  in  consequence  we  have  discarded  a large  number  that 
have  failed  to  meet  the  requirements  of  planters.  Of  the  many  standard  reliable  kinds,  we  annually  grow  immense 
blocks  for  parks,  cemeteries,  etc.,  so  that  we  are  at  all  times  prepared  to  supply  fine  specimens  at  reasonable  rates. 
We  endeavor  to  grade,  dig  and  handle  these  with  the  greatest  possible  care,  and  with  the  experience  of  more  than 
half  a century  to  aid  us,  we  feel  that  our  system  is  nearly  perfect.  Of  many  species  we  can  furnish  extra-sized  speci- 
mens that  have  been  transplanted  and  pruned  to  avoid  danger  in  removing. 


ACER.  Maple 

A.  Campestre.  English  Maple.  Native  of  Eu- 
rope, forming  a medium-sized  tree,  with  pecu- 
liar corky  bark  and  spreading  branches.  It  is 
a singularly  pretty  tree  on  the  lawn,  entirely 
hardy  and  easily  grown  on  dry  soil. 

A.  Colchicum  rubrum.  Red  Colchicum  Maple. 
An  attractive  species  from  Japan,  hardy,  and 
of  medium  size.  Leaves  are  dark  green  above 
and  paler  below.  The  greatest  beauty  of  this 
tree  lies  in  the  bright  red  tint  of  its  young 
leaves  arid  twigs. 

A.  Ginnale.  Siberian  Maple.  A small  tree  from 
Japan;  leaves  bright  green,  turning  to  a bril- 
liant red  in  the  fall. 

A.  Negundo  (Syn.,  Negundo  aceroides) . Box 
Elder,  Ash-leaved  Maple.  A large  native  tree 
of  very  rapid  growth.  It  is  suited  to  all  soils, 
although  found  in  a wild  state,  along  streams, 
etc. 

A.  Pennsylvanicum.  Striped  Maple.  A small 
tree,  native  of  the  northern  states.  Its  marked 
characteristic  is  the  greenish  bark,  striped  with 
dark  lines. 

Acer  platanoides.  Norway  Maple.  The  most 
popular  species  of  the  Maple  group,  either  for 
the  lawn  or  street  planting.  It  forms  a per- 
fect, rounded  head,  with  large,  deep  green  foli- 
age, is  quite  hardy,  very  compact,  grows  rap- 
idly. 

var.  purpurea.  Geneva  Purple-leaved  Maple. 
One  of  the  newer  introductions,  with  fine 
large  foliage,  light  purple  in  spring  but  intensi- 
fying in  color  as  the  season  advances.  Good 
grower  and  very  distinct. 

var.  Schwedleri.  Schwedle/s  Purple-leaved 
Maple.  A distinct  and  beautiful  variety,  with 


large,  deep  purple  leaves  in  spring  and  early 
summer.  Purplish  green  late  in  the  season.  A 
hardy  and  vigorous  tree  for  the  lawn. 

A.  palmatum.  Japan  Maple.  See  Deciduous 
Shrubs  for  descriptions. 

A.  Pseudo-platanus.  Sycamore  Maple.  From 
Europe,  forming  a large  tree  of  rapid  growth, 
with  spreading  branches.  It  is  inferior  to  the 


Acer  Saccharinum  var.  Wierii— Page  34 


33 


Acer  Pseudo-platanus — continued 

Norway  Maple,  mainly  on  account  of  its  won- 
derful propensity  to  produce  seed,  hence  a 
more  open  head  and  ragged  appearance. 

var.  purpureum.  Purple-leaved  Sycamore  Ma- 
ple. Distinct  from  the  species  on  account  of 
the  pretty  purplish  tint  on  the  under  side  of 
the  foliage.  Vigorous  grower,  hardy. 

A.  rubrum.  Red,  Scarlet,  or  Swamp  Maple.  One 
of  our  most  valued  native  trees,  although  of 
rather  slower  growth  than  some.  Leaves  of 
medium  size,  changing  in  autumn  to  the  most 
gorgeous  tints  of  scarlet,  crimson  and  orange. 

A.  saccharinum  (Syn.,  A.  dasycarpum).  Silver 
Maple.  This  common  native  species  is  a tree 
of  the  largest  size  and  most  rapid  growth.  It 
was  for  many  years  the  most  popular  street 
tree  grown,  but  its  large  size  is  a detriment 
for  this  purpose.  Leaves  silvery  white  be- 
neath. 

var.  pyramidalis.  Pyramidal  Silver  Maple. 
An  upright  form  resembling  the  Lombardy 
Poplar. 

var.  Wierii.  WiePs  Cut-leaved  Maple.  One 
of  the  most  available  of  the  cut-leaved  class 
of  ornamental  trees.  The  tree  is  a strong 
grower  with  pendulous  branches,  and  the  foli- 
age is  fern-like  in  appearance.  Forms  a beauti- 
ful specimen  on  the  lawn,  hardy,  and  very  dis- 
tinct. 

A.  saccharum.  Sugar,  or  Rock  Maple.  A charm- 
ing tree  for  avenues  or  lawn  planting,  with  a 
large,  perfectly  rounded  head,  dense  in  con- 
struction, and  with  bright  green  leaves.  It 
forms  a specimen  of  large  size,  is  moderately 
rapid  in  growth,  and  always  in  demand. 

AESCULUS.  Horse-Chestnut  l 

A genus  distinguished  from  Pavia  by  rough- 
ness of  fruit  and  somewhat  rougher  leaves.  Quite 
popular  for  street  trees  and  lawn  planting,  al- 
though subject  to  leaf-blight  during  summer.  En- 
tirely hardy  and  adapted  to  all  soils,  but  growing 
best  in  moist  and  loamy  soil.  The  flowers  are 
showy  and  interesting. 

2E>.  Hippocastanum.  Common  Horse-Chestnut, 
A large  tree,  native  of  northern  India.  Has  a 
symmetrical  head,  large,  digitate  leaves  and 
large,  conspicuous  panicles  of  white  spotted 
flowers.  Growth  rather  slow.  A fine  tree  for 
avenue  planting. 


^Esculus  Hippocastanum  var.  fl.  pi.  Double- 
flowering Horse-Chestnut.  Not  so  strong  a 
grower  as  the  species.  The  flowers  are  double 
and  very  showy. 

var.  rubra.  Red-flowering  Horse-Chestnut. 
The  flowers  are  red,  which  makes  a very 
pretty  contrast  with  the  common  Horse-Chest- 
nut. 

EL.  turbunata.  Japan  Horse-Chestnut.  Very 
large  foliage;  white  flowers,  distinct  and  fine. 

AMELANCHIER.  Service  Berry 

A.  Canadensis.  Shadbush.  A native  tree  grow- 
ing from  New  England  to  the  Gulf.  Its  white 
flowers  are  among  the  earliest  shown  in  the 
spring.  The  berry  is  edible  when  it  becomes 
a dark  purple  color. 

AILANTHUS.  Tree  of  Heaven 

Formerly  was  a very  popular  tree  for  street 
planting  in  the  built-up  portion  of  large  cities, 
as  its  vigorous  habit  enables  it  to  withstand  the 
smoke  and  gases. 

A.  glandulosa.  Tree  of  Heaven.  A rapid-grow- 
ing tree  from  China  not  affected  by  gas  or 
smoke. 

BETULA.  Birch 

A genus  of  hardy  trees,  some  of  which  are 
> natives  of  the  United  States.  They  are  rapid  in 
growth,  graceful  in  form  and  well  adapted  for 
landscape  work,  either  in  groups  or  avenues. 

B.  Alba.  White  Birch.  This  is  the  common 
Birch  of  Europe,  with  silvery  white  bark,  small, 
smooth  leaves,  and  a pleasing  drooping  habit. 


Catalpa  Bungei—  Page  35 


Betula  Alba— continued 

var.  laciniata.  Cut-leaved  Weeping  Birch. 
One  of  the  most  popular  ornamental  trees, 
owing  to  its  charming  drooping  habit  and  ele- 
gant fern-like  foliage.  It  succeeds  best  at  the 
north,  where  it  is  less  likely  to  lose  its  lower 
branches. 

var.  pendula  Youngi.  Young's  Weeping  Birch. 
A very  graceful  form,  with  long,  slender 
branches  reaching  to  the  ground.  It  is  entirely 
distinct  and  very  striking  in  a collection, 
var.  purpurea.  Purple-leaved  Birch.  The 
leaves  are  a bright  purple  color  in  the  spring, 
but  fade  during  the  summer  to  a dull  green, 
var.  Nigra.  Rivers’,  or  Red  Birch.  A tall  na- 
tive tree,  with  deep  green  foliage  turning  to  a 
dull  yellow  in  the  fall. 

B.  lenta.  Cherry,  Sweet,  or  Black  Birch.  At- 
tains the  height  of  about  50  feet,  with  numer- 
ous slender  branches  which  are  pleasantly  aro- 
matic. 

B.  papyrifera.  Paper  or  Canoe  Birch.  A na- 
tive of  North  America.  Trunk  very  white 
with  papery  bark;  forms  a large  and  hand- 
some tree. 

B.  lutea.  Yellow  Birch.  A native  tree  with 
silvery  gray  bark;  leaves  dark  green  turning  to 
yellow  in  the  fall. 

BROUSSONETIA 

A rapid-growing  tree  from  Asia,  said  to  with- 
stand the  smoke  and  gases  of  cities  which  injure 
so  many  trees. 

B.  papyrifera.  Paper  Mulberry.  Native  of 
China,  where  it  is  cultivated  for  paper-mak- 
ing. It  has  large  round  leaves,  and  is  a rapid 
grower. 

CARPINUS.  Hornbeam 

C.  betulus.  European  Hornbeam.  A hardy  or- 
namental tree,  growing  taller  than  the  Ameri- 
can species;  leaves  purplish  when  young,  then 
green,  turning^llow  in  the  fall. 

C.  Caroliniarifa.  American  Hornbeam.  A small 
tree  making  a dense  round  head.  Resembles 
the  Beeches  especially  in  the  bark  of  the  trunk. 

CATALPA.  Indian  Bean,  Etc. 

A genus  composed  of  about  seven  species,  some 
of  which  are  natives  of  this  country.  The  large 
foliage  and  long  panicles  of  beautiful  white  or 
mottled  flowers,  as  well  as  their  rapid  growth, 
have  caused  them  to  be  very  popular  with  plant- 
ers. Suited  for  low  grounds. 


Chionanthus  Virginica — Page  36 


C.  Bungei.  Dwarf  Catalpa.  From  eastern  Asia, 
but  quite  hardy  with  us.  It  forms  a round, 
dense  head,  and  is  especially  attractive  when 
grafted  standard  high  on  a straight  stem. 

C.  bignonioides,  var.  purpurea.  Purple-leaved 
Catalpa.  The  young  shoots  and  foliage  early 
in  the  season  show  a decided  purplish  tint; 
otherwise  as  in  the  species. 

C.  speciosa.  Large  Indian  Bean.  A western 
species  growing  to  a large  size,  and  with  faintly 
mottled  flowers,  in  large  showy  clusters,  fol- 
lowed by  curious  long  beans  that  give  the  tree 
a most  picturesque  aspect  in  winter. 

CELTIS.  Hackberry 

C.  occidentalis.  Nettle  Tree,  Hackberry.  Grows 
wild  from  North  Carolina  northward.  Leaves 
light  green,  fading  to  yellow  in  autumn;  fruit 
black  like  a small  cherry. 


35 


CERCIDIPHYLLUM.  Kadsura  Tree 

A rapid-growing,  hardy  tree  from  Japan,  only 
one  species  belonging  to  the  genus. 

C.  Japonicum.  A compact  pyramidal  tree.  Leaves 
bright  green,  changing  to  yellow  and  scarlet  in 
the  autumn. 

CERCIS.  Red-Bud 

The  only  recommendable  and  thoroughly  reli- 
able species  attaining  the  size  of  a tree  is  de- 
scribed below.  It  is  beautiful  when  in  flower, 
which  is  in  advance  of  die  leaves  in  early  spring. 
C.  Canadensis.  American  Judas  Tree.  A small, 
native  tree,  hardy  and  well  adapted  for  the 
outer  edge  of  groups,  etc.  It  blooms  very  pro- 
fusely in  clusters  of  a reddish  purple  color,  the 
earliest  flowering  tree ; very  desirable  during 
last  of  April  and  May. 

CERASUS.  Cherry 

The  newer  introductions  of  Double-flowering 
Cherries  from  Japan,  which  literally  cover  the 
tree  with  their  double  flowers,  are  exceptionally 
showy  and  handsome. 

C.  Padus.  European  Bird  Cherry.  A small  tree 
with  spreading  branches.  Native  of  Europe. 
When  covered  with  long,  drooping  clusters  of 
white,  highly  fragrant  flowers  in  the  spring  it 
is  very  attractive. 

C.  pendula.  Japanese  Weeping  Cherry.  A truly 
beautiful  small  or  medium-sized  tree  with  long, 
very  slender  branches  and  a multitude  of  pretty 
pink  flowers.  It  is  quite  hardy  and  forms  a 
conspicuous  object  in  a collection,  resembling 
a living  green  fountain. 

C.  Pseudo-Cerasus.  Japanese  Double- flowering 
Cherry.  These  magnificent  trees,  of  which  we 
cultivate  two  distinct  colors,  cannot  be  ade- 
quately described,  except  by  comparing  them 
with  charming  double  roses.  One  form  has 
white  flowers  and  the  other  bright  pink  blooms. 
Both  are  hardy  and  reliable. 

C.  serotina.  Wild  Black  Cherry.  A well-known 
native  species,  forming  quite  a large  tree, 
with  elongated  racemes  of  conspicuous  white, 
fragrant  flowers  preceding  globular,  dark  pur- 
ple fruit. 

CHIONANTHUS.  Fringe  Tree 

A small  genus,  with  one  representative  in  this 
country,  all  small  trees  with  very  beautiful, 
fringe-like  flowers,  followed  by  a dark  purplish 
fruit,  shaped  like  an  olive. 

C.  Virginica.  American  Fringe  Tree.  A small 
tree,  producing,  in  May  and  June,  numerous 
panicles  of  snow-white  drooping  flowers. 


CLADRASTIS.  Yellow-Wood 

C.  lutea  (Syn.,  C.  tinctoria,  Virgilia  lutea ). 
American  Yellow-Wood.  A small  tree,  with 
smooth  bark,  smooth  leaflets,  and  beautiful 
white  flowers.  It  is  a native  of  Kentucky  and 
Tennessee,  but  quite  hardy,  and  reliable  in  cul- 
tivation. 

CORNUS.  Dogwood 

Although  a large  genus,  the  following  is  thj 
only  species  that  may  be  classed  as  a small  tree. 
It  seems  too  well  known  to  need  a description, 
but  is  indispensable  in  all  ornamental  grounds, 
either  grown  singly  or  for  grouping. 

C.  Kousa.  Minute  flowers  in  summer  in  form 
of  a small  ball  acuminate  in  center  of  four 
petal-like  calyx,  with  edible  fruit. 


Cornus  florida 


C.  florida.  Flowering  Dogwood.  Usually  a small 
tree,  with  rough  bark  and  spreading  branches. 
Leaves  ovate,  dark  green,  changing  in  autumn 
to  brilliant  crimson.  The  bracts  of  the  invo- 
lucre, or  floral  covering,  are  pure  snow-white 
and  very  abundant.  The  berry-like,  bright 
scarlet  fruit  is  also  quite  ornamental, 
var.  pendula.  Weeping  Dogwood.  A decidedly 
pendulous  form  of  the  preceding,  with  all  its 
good  qualities  and  no  defects.  It  is  a remark- 
ably conspicuous  object  on  the  lawn  at  all 
times,  and  should  be  extensively  planted, 
var.  rubra.  Red-flowering  Dogwood.  This 
differs  from  the  parent  in  havin.  the  con- 
spicuous bracts  of  the  involucre  bright  rosy 
red  or  pink  in  color.  The  autumnal  tints  are 
fully  as  brilliant  as  in  the  other  forms.  It  is 


36 


Cornus  florida  rubra — continued 

undeniably  one  of  the  most  deserving  novel- 
ties introduced  for  many  years,  and  appears 
to  great  advantage  when  planted  in  contrast 
with  the  white  form. 

CRATAEGUS.  Thom 

A large  family  of  mostly  small  trees  and  gen- 
erally hardy  at  the  North.  The  flowers  are  usu- 
ally white  or  pink,  in  terminal  corymbs,  followed 
by  drupe-like  fruits  that  are  quite  ornamental 
when  ripe. 

C.  Carrieri.  Comes  to  us  from  Holland  and 
is  said  to  be  the  most  beautiful  Hawthorn. 

C.  Crus-galli.  Cockspur  Thorn.  A small  tree 
with  dark  glossy  green  leaves  turning  in  the 
fall  to  bright  orange  and  scarlet;  has  long 
sharp  spines  and  bright  red  fruit. 

C.  monogyna  alba  fl.  pi.  Double  White- flower- 
ing Thorn.  A form  of  the  Hawthorn,  with 
clusters  of  pure  white  flowers  resembling  little 
roses,  during  May  and  June. 

var.  coccinea  fl.  pi.  Paul’s  Double  Scarlet- 
flowering Thorn.  A conspicuous  and  very 
beautiful  variety,  producing  scarlet  flowers  in 
the  same  manner,  and  as  double  as  the  above. 
A tree  in  bloom  is  a notable  sight, 
var.  rubra  fl.  pi.  Double  Red-flowering  Thorn. 
An  excellent  companion  to  the  foregoing;  in- 
florescence rose-colored  or  reddish,  double  and 
fine. 

DIOSPYROS.  Persimmon 

Although  there  are  quite  a large  number  of 
Asiatic  species  belonging  to  this  genus,  there  is 
but  one  that  is  entirely  reliable  at  the  North.  The 
Persimmons  are  grown  chiefly  for  their  fruit, 
which  is  a large,  pulpy  berry,  very  astringent 
when  unripe,  but  edible  after  being  subjected  to 
the  action  of  frosts. 

D.  Virginiana.  American  Persimmon,  Date 
Plum.  Commonly  a medium-sized  tree,  native 
of  the  United  States,  with  dark,  furrowed  bark 
and  deep  green  foliage.  The  fruit  is  roundish, 
reddish  yellow  and  sweet. 

FAGUS.  Beech 

The  Beeches,  especially  the  different  varieties 
of  F.  sylvatica,  are  of  the  greatest  use  in  land- 
scape gardening.  They  are  all  hardy  and  love  a 
deep,  rich  soil  to  develop  their  greatest  beauty. 
Mostly  of  large  size,  but  not  very  rapid  in 
growth. 

F.  Americana.  American  Beech.  One  of  our 
finest  native  trees,  with  smooth  bark,  spreading 


branches  and  symmetrical  head.  The  smooth, 
light-colored  bark  makes  this  tree  look  hand- 
some in  winter. 

F.  sylvatica.  European  Beech.  This  forms  a 
grand  specimen,  of  large  size,  has  round,  com- 
pact head  and  deep  green  foliage.  The  branches 
are  almost  universally  upright  in  growth,  while 
those  of  the  American  species  are  horizontal 
and  drooping. 

var.  heterophylla.  Fern-leaved  Beech.  A very 
handsome  form,  with  charming  fern-like  foliage 
and  perfectly  rounded  outline.  It  is  reasonably 
rapid  in  growth  when  fully  established,  and 
makes  an  unusually  attractive  specimen. 

var.  pendula.  Weeping  Beech.  One  of  the 
most  effective  and  elegant  drooping  trees 
known.  It  forms  a large  specimen,  with 
spreading  pendulous  branches  and  dark  green, 
glossy  leaves.  Rather  impatient  of  removal. 

var.  purpurea.  Purple-leaved  Beech.  An  indis- 
pensable ornament  for  every  lawn.  The  rich 
purple  foliage  is  so  decided  and  beautiful  that 
no  other  tree  is  better  adapted  for  notable 
and  charming  contrasts  in  grouping.  Our  trees 
are  all  grafted  from  the  celebrated  “Rivers” 
variety,  which  is  eminently  superior  to  all 
other  forms. 

var.  purpurea  pendula.  Weeping  purple-leaved 
Beech.  A somewhat  recent  novelty,  uniting  the 


Fraxiniu  Americana— Page  38 


37 


Fagus  sylvatica  purpurea  pendula — continued 

peculiar  lovely  purple  tints  of  the  preceding 
with  the  decidedly  drooping  habit  of  the  ordi- 
nary green-leaved  weeping  form. 

FRAXINUS.  Ash 

All  deciduous  trees  of  medium  or  large  size, 
very  stately  and  well  adapted  for  large  lawns. 
Owing  to  a tendency  to  sport  into  all  manner  of 
curious  varieties,  there  are  quite  a large  number 
propagated,  but,  after  thoroughly  testing  most  of 
these,  we  have  discarded  all,  mainly  on  account 
of  the  dreaded  “borer.” 

F.  Americana.  American  White  Ash.  One  of 
our  most  majestic  native  trees;  of  large  and 
rapid  growth,  with  spreading  branches.  Very 
suitable  for  large  lawns  with  abundance  of 
space  to  develop  its  beauty.  More  reliable  than 
F.  excelsior. 

GINKGO.  Maidenhair  Fern  Tree 

Professor  Sargent  says,  “The  Ginkgo  is  perhaps 
the  most  beautiful,  as  it  certainly  is  the  most 
interesting  tree  to  be  seen  in  Japan.”  The  charm- 
ing avenues  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  planted  with 
this  tree  are  proofs  of  its  value  for  this  purpose. 
A notable  example  is  near  the  Department  of 
Agriculture. 

G.  biloba  (Syn.,  Salisburia  adiantifolia) . A me- 
dium-sized tree  of  upright  growth,  and  in  high 
esteem  for  lawn  or  avenue  planting.  It  in- 
creases rapidly  in  size  and  is  remarkably  free 
from  disease  or  insects.  The  only  tree  known 
that  has  no  mid-rib  in  the  leaf,  which  are 
similar  to  the  Maidenhair  Fern. 

GYMNOCLADUS.  Kentucky  Coffee 

A monotypic  genus  of  a single  native  species, 
which  grows  to  a large  size;  very  tall,  with  long, 
naked  branches  almost  destitute  of  branchlets, 
and  bipinnate  leaves.  Flowers  conspicuous,  in 
terminal  racemes  followed  by  large,  thick  pods. 

G.  Canadensis  ( G . dioica ).  Kentucky  Coffee. 
A lawn  tree  of  no  mean  decorative  effect,  owing 
to  the  exceptional  aspect  of  its  growth.  It 
increases  rapidly  in  size,  and,  being  entirely 
hardy,  may  be  highly  recommended.  A tall  large 
tree  with  rough  bark. 

KOELREUTERIA 

From  China.  It  has  proved  entirely  hardy  and 
reliable.  It  is  a small,  very  free-flowering  orna- 
mental tree  with  spreading  branches. 

K.  panticulata.  Panicle- flowered  Kcelreuteria. 

Of  small  or  medium  size,  with  coarsely  toothed, 
ovate  leaflets,  turning  golden  yellow  in  autumn. 


Flowers  in  large,  loose  terminal  panicles, 
showy,  yellow,  preceding  large  bladdery  cap- 
sules. 

LABURNUM.  Laburnum 

Quite  a large  genus,  composed  mostly  of  shrubs, 
although  the  following  may  be  classed  as  a small 
tree.  Flowers  pea-shaped  and  usually  yellow  in 
color. 

L.  vulgare.  ( Cytisus  Laburnum.)  Golden  Chain. 
Beautiful  pale  green  bark.  The  long,  drooping 
racemes  of  golden  yellow  flowers  are  especially 
attractive. 

LARIX.  Larch 

Cone-bearing  trees,  with  deciduous  leaves,  pyra- 
midal in  growth  and  with  long,  drooping  branches. 
Leaves  needle-shaped,  changing  in  autumn  to 
bright  yellow.  Should  be  transplanted  in  autumn 
or  very  early  in  spring. 

L.  Europaea.  European  Larch.  A first-class  tree 
for  the  lawn;  of  rapid  growth  and  large  size. 
Decidedly  the  most  valuable  of  the  genus,  and 
perhaps  the  most  beautiful,  the  pendulous 
branchlets  adding  a charm  to  its  perfect  con- 
ical outline. 

var.  pendula.  Weeping  Larch.  This  is  a very 
distinct  and  striking  form,  with  the  branches 
contorted  and  drooping.  When  grafted  stand- 
ard high  it  makes  a pretty  weeping  tree,  with 
all  the  good  qualities  of  the  English  Larch. 

L.  leptolepis.  Japan  Larch.  A pyramidal  tree 
with  horizontal  branches.  A fine  tree  for  the 
lawn. 

LIQUIDAMBAR.  Sweet  Gum 

Large  tree,  with  curious,  star-shaped  handsome 
leaves  and  rough,  corky  bark,  both  on  the  main 
stem  and  branches.  Native  of  North  America  and 
very  common  at  the  South  in  low,  moist  ground. 
L.  styraciflua.  Sweet  Gum.  It  is  a rapid  grower 
when  once  established,  and  has  elegant,  glossy, 
deeply  lobed  foliage,  forming  a rounded,  spread- 
ing head. 

LIRIODENDRON.  Tulip  Tree 

A small  genus,  belonging  to  the  Magnolia  fam- 
ily; it  is  no  mean  representative  of  that  elegant 
group  of  ornamental  trees.  It  is  of  the  largest 
size. 

L.  Tulipifera.  Yellow  Poplar.  This  grand  Amer- 
ican tree  is  unequaled  when  permitted  sufficient 
space  to  develop  its  proportions.  As  a large 
lawn  tree  it  has  no  imperfections;  should  be 
included  in  the  smallest  list  of  showy  flowering 
species. 


38 


MAGNOLIA.  Magnolia 

This  magnificent  family  is  indeed  difficult  to 
surpass  in  the  flora  of  the  world.  Taking  into 
consideration  their  rapidity  of  growth,  clean 
healthy  foliage,  beautiful  flowers,  regularity  of 
form,  comparative  freedom  from  insects  and  dis- 
ease, and,  lastly,  their  general  hardiness,  we  can- 
not say  too  much  in  their  favor. 

Section  I.  American  Magnolias 
M.  acuminata.  Cucumber  Tree.  One  of  our 
largest  native  trees,  forming  a straight  trunk, 
with  oval,  light  green  leaves  and  greenish  yel- 
low flowers  in  June.  One  of  the  most  esteemed 
specimens  for  large  lawns;  of  rapid,  upright 
growth. 

M.  macrophylla.  Great-leaved  Magnolia.  Al- 
though a southern  species,  this  succeeds  admir- 
ably in  the  Middle  States,  forming  a medium- 
sized tree,  with  leaves  from  1 to  3 feet  long,  and 
immense  white  flowers. 

M.  tripetala  (Syn.,  M.  umbrella).  Umbrella  Tree. 
A rapid-growing,  medium-sized  species,  with 
large,  dark  green  leaves  and  large  white,  slight- 
ly fragrant  flowers.  Quite  hardy  and  reliable 
here. 

M.  Virginiana  (Syn.,  M.  glauca).  Siveet  Bay. 
One  of  the  most  desirable  small  trees  known 
to  gardeners.  The  leaves  are  sub-evergreen, 
leathery,  deep  green  above  and  glaucous  be- 
neath; flowers  creamy  white,  deliciously  fra- 
grant. 

Section  II.  Asiatic  Magnolias 

The  trees  described  in  Secs.  II  and  III  bloom 
before  the  leaves  appear. 

M.  conspicua.  Yulan  Magnolia.  A medium-sized 
tree  from  China,  with  obovate  leaves  and  erect, 
pure  white  flowers.  It  is  one  of  the  most  con- 
spicuous and  beautiful  of  the  foreign  species 
and  well  adapted  for  lawn  purposes. 

M.  obovata  (Syn.,  M.  purpurea).  Purple  Mag- 
nolia. A large  shrub  or  small  tree  with  short, 
dark  leaves  and  numerous  dark  purple  tulip- 
like flowers.  It  is  entirely  hardy,  and  adapted 
for  grouping  with  other  large  shrubs.  Native 
of  China. 

M.  stellata.  Star  Magnolia.  A small  tree,  native 
of  Japan.  Flowers  very  numerous,  white,  about 
3 inches  across;  flowers  open  before  the  leaves. 

Section  III.  Hybrids 

M.  Lennei.  Red-flowering  Magnolia.  One  of  the 
most  valuable  of  the  family,  on  account  of  its 
conspicuous  reddish  purple  flowers  and  its  ten- 
dency to  bloom  throughout  the  season.  Leaves 
not  unlike  those  of  M.  conspicua  and  inflores- 
cence similar  to  that  of  its  parent,  M.  obovata. 


M.  Norbertiana.  Norbert’s  Magnolia.  A fine, 
strong-growing  hybrid,  raised  from  seed  of  M. 
conspicua  crossed  with  M.  obovata,  and  partak- 
ing of  the  character  of  each.  It  is  somewhat 
similar  to  M.  Soulangeana,  but  darker  in  color. 


Magnolia  Soulangeana 


M.  Soulangeana.  Soulange’s  Magnolia.  A grand 
variety  in  the  way  of  the  preceding,  but  the 
purple  marking  on  the  flowers  is  very  decided 
and  beautiful.  It  is  a strong  grower,  and  forms 
a handsome  small  tree,  blooming  profusely  late 
in  April. 


MALUS.  Apple 


Malus 

•4  Spectabilis 


This  genus,  rep- 
resented by  our 
familiar  orchard 
fruit,  contains  sev- 
eral elegant  ornamental  varieties 
well  adapted  for  the  lawn.  Those 
from  Japan  are  especially  attrac- 
tive when  in  full  bloom,  and  have 
proved  hardy  with  us. 

M.  angustifolia  fl.  pi.  Bechtel ’c 
Double- flowering  Crab  Apple. 


39 


Malus  angustifolia — continued 


This  elegant  Crab  Apple  is  deserving  of  unlim- 
ited praise,  not  only  on  account  of  the  beauty  of 
its  rose-like  flowers,  but  for  their  delicate  per- 
fume. It  makes  a small  tree,  with  oblong  dark 
green  leaves.  Flowers  bright  pink. 

M.  coronaria.  American  Crab  Apple.  A small 
native  tree  worthy  of  cultivation  for  the  lawn. 
Flowers  numerous,  rose-colored,  and  delight- 
fully fragrant.  Fruit  greenish  yellow,  also  very 
fragrant.  Pyrus  coronaria  of  the  older  botanies. 

M.  prunifolia.  Siberian  Crab  Apple.  A small 
tree,  native  of  Siberia,  beautiful  both  in  flower 
and  fruit.  We  cultivate  about  ten  distinct 
varieties,  described  in  our  Fruit  Department. 

M.  spectabilis.  Chinese  Crab  Apple.  A native  of 
China,  growing  from  20  to  30  feet  in  height, 
with  flowers  in  large  sessile  umbels,  of  a rich, 
deep  rose-color  during  May.  The  flowers  are 
only  semi-double,  but  exceedingly  attractive. 

M.  Toringo.  Japanese  Apple.  Says  Professor 
Sargent : “In  early  spring  this  is  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  of  the  trees  found  in  our  gar- 
dens, where  it  is  perfectly  hardy,  and  it  covers 
itself  every  year  with  fragrant  pink  or  red 
single  or  semi-double  flowers.” 

M.  floribunda.  Free- flowering  Crab  Apple.  One 
of  the  distinct  and  pretty  forms  of  the  above. 
The  flowers  change  from  rose  to  pure  white, 
and  are  produced  in  great  abundance.  Fruit 
small,  not  larger  than  peas,  and  very  orna- 
mental. 

var.  Parkmani.  Parkman’s  Double- flowering 
Crab  Apple.  Another  new  and  uncommonly  at- 
tractive variety,  with  beautiful  pendent  flowers, 
very  double,  and  bright  red  in  color. 


MOHRODENDRON  (Halesia) 

Silver  Bell 


A s m a 1 
genus  o 
three  species 
native  o 
south  easteri 
North  Amer 
ica ; hard; 
here  and  exceed 
i n g 1 y attractive 
when  in  bloom 
They  are  s m a 1 
trees,  with  drooping  bell 
shaped  flowers  in  short  ra 
cemes  early  in  the  season. 


Mohrodendron 

(Halesia) 

Carolinium 


M.  Carolinium  (Syn.,  Halesia  tetraptera ).  Snow- 
drop Tree.  An  attractive  little  tree,  with  mostly 
ovate  dark  green  leaves  and  fascicles  of  white 
flowers  in  March  and  April.  When  in  bloom 
this  pretty  species  appears  covered  with  its  pend- 
ent white  bells.  Hardy  and  fine. 

MORUS.  Mulberry 

Deciduous  trees  of  medium  size,  valued  princi- 
pally for  their  fruit,  although  grown  for  orna- 
ment as  well.  The  foliage  is  used  almost  ex- 
clusively as  food  for  silkworms.  The  species  are 
generally  hardy  and  of  rapid  growth,  with  broad, 
spreading  tops. 


Morus  alba  pendula 


M.  alba,  var.  pendula.  Weeping  Mulberry.  This 
unique  form  was  raised  by  John  C.  Teas,  of 
Carthage,  Mo.  It  is  decidedly  one  of  the  most 
perfect  and  natural  weeping  trees  in  the  entire 
class  of  such  novelties.  Entirely  hardy,  with 
long,  slender  branches,  pendulous  to  the  ground. 
A form  of  the  Russian  Mulberry,  with  similar 
foliage  and  fruit.  See  also  Fruit  Department. 

NYSSA.  Tupelo 

N.  sylvatica  (Syn.,  N.  multiflora).  Sour  Gum. 
A very  large  native  tree,  with  horizontal 
branches  and  shining  leaves.  Found  mostly  in 
low  grounds,  but  succeeds  well  in  high  situa- 
tions and  forms  really  beautiful  specimens. 
Bark  very  rough;  foliage  changes  in  autumn  to 
a brilliant  crimson. 

PAULOWNIA.  Empress  Tree 

A monotypic  genus,  native  of  China  but  culti- 
vated in  Japanese  gardens.  Leaves  very  large, 
those  on  young  trees  often  of  immense  size. 
Flowers  in  terminal  panicles,  very  conspicuous, 
fragrant  and  beautiful. 


40 


Paulo  wnia— con  t in  ued 


POPULUS.  Poplar 


P.  imperialis.  Paulo  wnia.  A very  showy  and 
valuable  ornamental  tree  of  large  size  and  rapid 
growth.  The  flowers  are  blue,  or  rather  bluish 
lilac,  and  in  shape  not  unlike  those  of  the 
gloxinia.  Blooms  in  early  summer  and  is  hardy 
here. 

PERSICA.  Flowering  Peach 

The  showiest  of  all  the  flowering  trees;  the 
large  double  blossoms  are  like  small  roses  and 
are  scattered  thickly  over  the  tree.  A group  of 
the  different  colors  is  very  effective. 

P.  vulgaris,  var.  alba,  fl.  pi.  Double  white 
flowering  peach. 

var.  rosea  fl.  pi.  Double  rose-flowering  Peach, 
var.  sanguinea  fl.  pi.  Double  red-flowering, 
var.  versicolor  fl.  pi.  Double  striped-flowering, 
var.  fol.  atropurpurea.  Dark  purplish  red 
leaves. 

PLATANUS.  Plane  Tree 

A small  genus,  found  in  the  northern  temperate 
zone.  The  various  species  are  large,  of  rapid 
growth,  and  esteemed  for  their  value  as  lawn 
trees  or  for  avenues.  They  are  frequently  known 
as  Sycamores. 


A genus  of  exceedingly  rapid-growing  trees, 
with  heart-shaped,  toothed  leaves,  and  mostly 
angular  branches. 


Populus  nigra  Italica — Page  42 


Platanus  orientalis 


P.  orientalis.  Oriental  Plane,  or  Buttomvood. 
An  exceedingly  valuable  tree  for  avenue  plant- 
ing, owing  to  its  quick  growth,  immunity  from 
injurious  insects  and  diseases,  and  clean,  healthy 
foliage.  It  is  also  prized  for  the  lawn,  where  it 
makes  a quick  shade  and  presents  a unique 
appearance. 


P.  balsamifera.  Balsam  Poplar,  or 
Balm  of  Gilead.  A tall-growing 
tree,  leaves  bright  green,  silvery 
underneath ; buds  have  a resin- 
ous odor. 

P.  alba  Bolleana.  Silvery  Upright 
Poplar.  A very  distinct  form  of 
the  well-known  Silver  Abele. 
with  a strictly  erect  habit  and 
white  foliage. 

P.  deltoides  (Syn.,P.  ntonilifera) . 
Carolina  Poplar,  Cottonwood. 
Perhaps  the  most  popular  of  all 
rapid-growing  trees  for  avenues 
and  streets.  Is  a healthy,  hardy 
tree,  with  ample  foliage.  Of  up- 
right growth ; needs  an  occa- 
sional pruning. 

var.  folius  aureus.  Van  Geert's 
Golden  Poplar.  Similar  to  the 
Carolina  Poplar  in  growth,  etc.,  but  with  foliage 
of  a golden  tint.  It  forms  an  attractive  contrast 
to  other  trees  on  the  lawn. 

P.  grandidentata  penduliformis  (Syn.,  P. 
Graccea  pendula).  Weeping  Poplar.  A decid- 
edly pendulous  form,  with  long,  slender 


41 


Populus  grandidentata  penduliformis — continued 

branches,  and  bright  green,  dentate  leaves.  The 
growth  is  strong,  the  tree  hardy  and  reliable. 

P.  nigra  Italica  (Syn.,  P.  dilatata).  Lombardy 
Poplar.  Every  one  is  acquainted  with  this  old 
relic  of  a generation  of  past  gardeners.  It  is 
the  most  fastigiate  of  erect-growing  trees,  and 
for  marked  effects  in  grouping  it  has  no  equal. 
P.  “Volga”  (?).  Russian  Poplar.  A new  and 
very  much  eulogized  tree,  of  whose  antecedents 
we  have  but  little  information. 

PYRUS.  The  Pear 

P.  salicifolia  argentea  pendula.  Weeping  Pear. 
The  genus  is  a native  of  Siberia.  The  silvery 
foliage  and  pendulous  habit  combine  to  make  it 
a striking  weeping  tree. 

QUERCUS.  Oak 

The  most  valuable  genus  of  trees  in  the  entire 
list,  not  only  for  their  estimable  lumber,  but  for 
their  value  as  forest  trees,  for  parks  and  lawns  of 
every  description.  In  congenial  soils  and  with 
proper  cultivation,  they  are  not  of  slow  growth, 
and  their  spreading  heads  and  healthy  foliage 
entitle  them  to  prominence. 


Quercus  palustris 


Q.  alba.  White  Oak.  One  of  the  largest  of  our 
native  deciduous  trees.  Although  common  in 
our  forests,  it  is  certainly  unsurpassed  for 
lawns,  where  it  can  develop  its  proportions. 
Leaves  smooth,  bright  green  above,  glaucous 
beneath. 

Q.  coccinea.  Scarlet  Oak.  A large  tree,  native 
of  the  United  States,  with  deeply  lobed  leaves 
of  shining  green,  changing  in  autumn  to  bril- 
liant scarlet. 

Q.  macrocarpa.  Bur  Oak.  A native  western  tree, 
striking  in  character  and  of  medium  size.  The 
branches  are  usually  covered  with  corky  bark, 
and  the  large  leaves  are  distinctly  marked,  be- 
ing very  deeply  lobed,  pale  beneath. 

Q.  marilandica  (Q.  Nigra).  Black  Jack.  A me- 
dium-sized tree  with  large,  dark  green,  glossy 
leaves;  grows  in  dry  rocky  soil. 

Q.  palustris.  Pin  Oak.  Perhaps  the  most  popular 
species  for  ornamental  planting.  Generally  of 
medium  size,  with  drooping  branches  and  bright 
green,  shining  leaves.  For  either  lawn  or  ave- 
nue planting  it  is  an  exceedingly  handsome  tree. 
Q.  Phellos.  Willow  Oak.  As  its  name  suggests, 
this  beautiful  native  tree  resembles  the  willow 
family  in  the  shape  of  its  leaves,  which  are  nar- 
row and  without  any  lobes.  It  grows  rapidly 
and  forms  a large  or  medium-size  tree.  Grows 
in  low  grounds. 

Q.  prinus.  Chestnut  Oak.  A fine,  large  native 
tree,  found  mostly  in  moist  soil,  but  well  adapted 
to  dry,  light  ground.  Leaves  resemble  the  chest- 
nut in  character. 

Q.  Robur.  British  Oak.  A large  umbrageous 
species  that  has  proved  generally  reliable  with 
us.  The  foliage  is  not  unlike  our  White  Oaks, 
but  smaller.  Tree  a rapid  grower  when  fully 
established,  and  valuable  for  lawn  planting, 
var.  concordia.  Golden-leaved  Oak.  An  ele- 
gant ornamental  tree,  with  notable  rich  yellow 
foliage,  rarely,  if  ever,  scorching  in  the  full 
sun.  It  is  a good  healthy  grower,  and  very  con- 
spicuous in  a collection;  in  fact,  the  best  golden- 
leaved form  in  the  entire  list  of  deciduous  trees. 
Q.  rubra.  Red  Oak.  Another  estimable  native 
species  of  large  size,  with  cut,  smooth,  shining 
leaves,  turning  brilliant  red  in  autumn.  It  is  a 
moderately  rapid  grower  when  established,  and 
is  always  a marked  type  among  the  Oaks. 

RHUS.  Sumac 

A large  genus,  mostly  shrubs,  several  of  which 
are  natives  of  the  United  States.  From  an  orna- 
mental point  of  view,  they  are  valuable  for  the 
conspicuous  panicles  of  fruit  and  brilliant  au- 


42 


.COMPANY  jj 


Rhus — continued 


Rhus  Cotinus 

tumnal  foliage.  Of  very  easy  cultivation,  and 

best  adapted  for  massing. 

R.  Cotinus.  Mist  Tree,  Smoke  Tree.  A showy 
small  tree  producing,  during  summer,  a multi- 
tude of  light,  feathery  panicles  of  pale  purplish 
or  pink  flowers.  Native  of  the  south  of  Europe, 
but  hardy  with  us. 

var.  atropurpurea.  Similar  to  the  above  with 
darker  colored  flowers. 

R.  hirta  (Syn.,  R.  ty pinna).  Staghorn  Sumac. 
Attains  the  height  of  a small  to  medium-sized 
tree,  with  pinnate  leaves,  and  shoots  covered 
with  a velvety  pubescence.  The  foliage  in  au- 
tumn changes  to  a bright  yellow  tint.  A native 
species  of  value  for  landscape  work. 

For  other  species,  see  Deciduous  Shrubs 

ROBINIA.  Locust 

R.  Pseudacacia.  Yellow  Locust.  A well-known 
popular  timber  tree,  of  large  size  and  erect 
growth,  with  rough  bark  and  pendent  racemes 
of  white,  exceedingly  fragrant  flowers. 

SASSAFRAS.  Sassafras 

S.  officinale  (Syn.,  Laurus  Sassafras).  Sassafras 
Tree.  Of  medium  height,  with  pale  green 
leaves,  woolly  when  young.  Tree  30  to  60  feet 
and  occasionally  90  feet  high.  Young  branches 
bright  green.  It  is  very  desirable  for  orna- 
mental planting. 

SALIX.  Willow 

This  extensive  genus  of  deciduous  trees  and 

shrubs  is  found  throughout  the  temperate  or 


colder  parts  of  the  world.  In  size,  the  species 
vary  from  the  creeping  plant  of  only  2 or  3 
inches  in  height  to  trees  of  the  largest  magnitude. 
Only  a few  species  are  of  sufficient  importance  to 
include  among  our  ornamental  trees. 

S.  Babylonica.  Common  Weeping  Willow.  This 
old  Asiatic  species  is  the  perfection  of  a pen- 
dulous tree;  is  perfectly  hardy,  and  a rapid 
grower.  In  the  near  vicinity  of  bodies  of  water 
the  Weeping  Willow  succeeds  admirably,  mak- 
ing a large  tree. 

S.  Babylonica,  var.  Salamoni.  Solomon’s 
Weeping  Willow.  A distinct  form  of  the  above, 
with  stronger  growth,  more  glaucous  leaves,  and 
apparently  larger  in  all  its  parts.  It  is  a recent 
French  introduction. 

var.  “Thurlow’s  Weeping  Willow.”  A new 

form  of  the  preceding,  valued  mainly  on  ac- 
count of  its  extremely  hardy  constitution,  suc- 
ceeding perfectly  where  the  Babylonian  Willow 
will  not  thrive. 

S.  caprea  pendula.  Kilmarnock  Willow.  A creep- 
ing form  of  the  Goat  Willow,  which,  when 
grafted  on  upright  stems,  makes  very  attractive 
little  trees. 

S.  pentandra.  Shining-leaved,  Willow.  A mod- 
erate-sized tree,  native  of  Great  Britain,  with 
smooth,  shining  branches  and  large,  glossy 
foliage. 

S.  petiolaris  (Syn.,  6*.  rosmarinifolid).  Rose- 
mary-leaved Willow.  A native  shrub,  with  long, 
narrow,  smooth,  glaucous  leaves.  When  grafted 
on  straight  stems  they  form  elegant  little  minia- 
ture trees,  creating  a charming  effect  in  garden- 
ing. 

S.  purpurea.  Fountain  Willow.  This  is  frequently 
grown  as  the  American  Willow,  but  the  title  is 
a misnomer,  owing  to  its  being  a native  of  Eu- 
rope. It  is  naturally  a low,  spreading  shrub, 
but  when  grafted  standard  high  makes  a beau- 
tiful specimen. 

S.  vitellina  var.  aurea.  Golden  Willow.  Branches 
golden  yellow,  much  brighter  color  in  the  spring 
just  before  the  leaves  appear. 

S.  vitellina  Britzensis.  Red  Bark  Willow.  Very 
attractive  in  winter  with  its  bright  red  bark. 

SOPHORA.  Pagoda  Tree 

S.  Japonica.  A medium-sized  tree  with  green 
bark.  Flowers  white,  borne  in  loose  panicles. 

SORBUS.  Mountain  Ash 

This  group  of  showy  trees  was  formerly  in- 
cluded in  the  genus  Pyrus,  but  we  follow  the 
latest  authorities  in  separating  them.  It  is  rather 


43 


Sorbus— continued 


a small  genus,  native  of  the  northern  temperate 
zone,  and  valued  for  the  beauty  of  its  fruit.  The 
foliage  is  handsome,  turning  orange-red  in  the 
fall. 

S.  Americana.  American  Mountain  Ash.  A 
small  tree,  with  smooth  bark  and  bright  green, 
pinnate  leaves.  The  greatest  beauty  of  this  spe- 
cies consists  in  the  large  clusters  of  red  berries. 

S.  Aucuparia.  European  Mountain  Ash.  This 
differs  from  the  above  in  having  pubescent 
leaves  and  clusters  of  orange-colored  fruit.  It 
is  a valuable  tree  for  planting  near  the  sea- 
coast,  as  it  resists  the  salt  air  well.  The  large 
cymes  of  white  flowers  are  very  attractive, 
var.  pendula.  Weeping  Mountain  Ash.  A curi- 
ous and  formal  variety  of  the  above,  with  a de- 
cidedly pendulous  habit. 

var.  quercifolia.  Oak-leaved  Mountain  Ash. 
It  is  an  erect  grower,  with  deeply  lobed  leaves, 
green  above  and  grayish  pubescent  beneath. 

TAXODIUM.  Deciduous  Cypress 

A small  genus  of  American  trees  belonging  to 
the  Conifers,  although  its  leaves  are  deciduous. 
The  light  green  airy  foliage  is  2-ranked  and  linear. 
Trees  are  of  large  growth,  very  erect  and  conical 
in  outline,  with  straight  trunks.  Found  in  low, 
swampy  soil. 

T.  distichum.  Bald  Cypress.  A native  of  our 
southern  states,  but  entirely  hardy  and  very 
satisfactory  with  us.  This  large  and  valuable 
tree  has  quite  an  air  of  distinction  on  the  lawn, 
grows  rapidly,  and  succeeds  peifectly  in  dry 
soils,  as  well  as  in  localities  saturated  with 
water. 

var.  pendulum  (Syn.,  Glyptostrobus  pendulus, 

T.  sinensis  pendulus , etc.).  Weeping  Glypto- 
strobus, or  Cypress.  This  unique  and  beautiful 
tree  is  only  of  medium  size,  with  an  outline 
similar  to  the  Lombardy  Poplar,  but  having  its 
branchlets  drooping  at  maturity.  The  leaves  are 
all  closely  appressed  to  the  twigs  and  twisted, 
entirely  unlike  those  of  the  species.  It  was  for 
a long  time  considered  a distinct  genus,  but  is 
now  known  to  be  only  a curious  form  of  our 
Deciduous  Cypress. 

var.  pendulum  novum.  New  Weeping  Cy- 
press. Another  form  of  recent  introduction, 
with  branches  and  branchlets  of  a decided 
drooping  habit.  In  all  other  respects  identical 
with  the  species. 

TILIA.  Linden 

Handsome  large  tree  of  rapid,  healthy  growth, 
well  suited  for  either  lawn  planting  or  for  ave- 


nues. The  leaves  are  cordate  and  toothed,  with 
pretty,  very  fragrant  cream-colored  flowers  ar- 
ranged in  cymes. 

T.  Americana.  American  Linden,  or  Basswood. 
This  is  one  of  our  finest  rapid-growing  trees, 
forming  a large  open  head,  with  much  larger 
foliage  than  the  following  species.  It  is  a val- 
uable tree  to  the  apiarist  on  account  of  the 
honey  secreted  in  its  flowers. 

T.  Europaea.  European  Linden,  Lime  Tree.  An 
elegant  ornamental  tree,  with  a more  compact 
form  than  the  preceding.  The  leaves  are  also 
smaller,  although  of  similar  shape. 

var.  argentea.  Silver-leaved  Linden.  Among 
our  choicest  ornamental  trees;  has  no  defects. 
It  is  a rapid  grower,  with  very  large  foliage, 
pale  green  on  the  upper  side,  and  downy  white 
beneath. 

var.  pendula.  Weeping  Linden.  Another 
charming  variety,  combining  a graceful,  droop- 
ing habit  with  the  beautiful  silvery  foliage  of 
the  preceding  form. 

var.  platyphyllos.  Broad-leaved  Linden.  About 
the  same  size  as  the  European  with  broad,  large 
green  leaves  turning  to  yellow;  flowers  large 
and  fragrant.  The  first  Linden  to  bloom  in  the 
spring. 

ULMUS.  Elm 

A valuable  genus  of  trees,  some  of  which  attain 
a very  large  size.  All  are  specially  graceful  and 
appropriate  for  lawn-planting.  They  prefer  low, 
moist  ground,  but  succeed  in  soil  moderately  dry 
if  of  good  quality.  Of  rapid  growth  and  spread- 
ing, more  or  less  pendulous  habit. 

It  is  only  within  the  last  few  years  that  Elms 
could  be  grown  south  of  New  York,  on  account 
of  the  Elm  beetle  defoliating  the  tree,  but  they 
seem  to  have  disappeared.  We  have  an  avenue  of 
American  Elms  planted  on  the  road  running 
through  our  nursery  that  will  compare  favorably 
with  the  beautiful  trees  at  New  Haven. 

U.  Americana.  White,  or  American  Elm.  One 
of  the  grandest  native  forest  trees.  Of  large 
size,  with  the  branches  gracefully  drooping  in  a 
remarkably  picturesque  manner.  Either  on  the 
lawn  or  for  avenues,  it  is  difficult  to  surpass, 
var.  pendula.  Weeping  American  Elm.  A 
striking  variety  of  the  above,  having  its 
branches  even  more  spreading  and  pendulous 
than  the  species. 

U.  racemosa.  Corky  White  Elm.  An  excellent 
species,  mostly  resembling  the  preceding,  but 
with  corky  ridges  frequently  noticed  on  the 
branches. 


Ulmus— continued 

U.  scabra  ( U . Montana).  Scotch  or  IVych  Elm. 
A large  tree  with  wide  spreading  branches  and 
large  foliage. 


var.  pendula.  Camperdown  Weeping  Elm. 
When  grafted  on  a tall  stem  it  will  spread  out- 
ward and  downward.  Its  dark  green  foliage 
makes  it  a very  attractive  tree  for  the  lawn. 


DECIDUOUS  SHRUBS 


* 

!;•* 

Berberis  Thunbergii — Page  47 


Owing  to  the  increased  demand  for  this  class  of  plants,  we  have  for  several  years  past  paid  special  attention  to 
their  culture,  so  that  we  believe  our  collection  is  unexcelled  in  the  country.  An  annual  application  of  old,  well-rotted 
manure  or  rich  compost  must  be  dug  into  the  soil  around  shrubs  to  obtain  favorable  results. 

Different  varieties  of  Shrubs  have  their  own  individuality  which  we  should  strive  to  maintain,  therefore  in  pruning 
they  should  not  be  sheared  to  a form,  but  their  natural  beauty  preserved.  The  best  rule  to  go  by  is  to  cut  them  back 
when  they  have  finished  flowering;  the  old  growth  should  be  thinned  out  occasionally,  while  suckers  and  sprouts  from 
the  roots  should  be  removed  when  they  appear. 


ACER.  Maple 

The  Japan  Maples  enumerated  here  are  among 
the  most  attractive  large  shrubs  in  use. 

After  carefully  testing  the  long  lists  of  varieties 
found  in  foreign  catalogues,  we  are  fully  con- 
vinced that  the  following  constitute  the  cream 
of  the  collection  and  are  all  it  is  advantageous  to 
cultivate. 

A.  palmatum  {A.  polymorphum).  Japan  Maple. 
The  ordinarily  green  form  with  palmate  leaves, 
which  change  in  autumn  to  a beautiful  crimson. 
It  is  highly  deserving  of  cultivation,  as  it  forms 
a large,  compact  mass  of  attractive  foliage. 

var.  atropurpureum.  Blood-Red  Japan  Maple. 
This  is  among  the  most  serviceable  and  attract- 
ive shrubs  suited  to  our  climate.  The  rich  pur- 
ple foliage  is  retained  until  the  latter  part  of 
summer,  and  is  always  exceedingly  distinct  from 
that  of  other  forms.  Naturally  of  dwarf  habit, 


it  needs  only  an  occasional  clipping  of  strag- 
gling shoots. 

var.  aureum  (A.  Japonicum  aureum).  Golden 
Variegated  Japan  Maple.  The  lobes  in  the 
foliage  of  this  very  marked  variety  are  not  so 
deeply  cut  as  in  the  species,  and  the  outline  in- 
clines to  an  oval,  but  the  color  through  most  of 
the  season  is  light  yellow. 

var.  dissectum  atropurpureum.  Purple  Cut- 
leaved Japan  Maple.  In  color  the  same  shade 
of  purplish  red  as  Atropurpureum,  but  with 
the  leaves  cut  into  fine  fringe-like  segments, 
which  present  a charming  and  unique  appear- 
ance. Not  so  vigorous  as  the  last, 
var.  filicifolium.  The  leaves  are  more  deeply 
cut  than  the  species. 

var.  sanguineum.  Scarlet  Japan  Maple.  Differs 
from  Atropurpureum  in  the  tint,  being  a bright 
scarlet  shade  of  red,  but  does  not  hold  its  color 
as  well  through  the  summer.  It  is  less  vigorous 
in  growth,  with  rather  more  slender  branches. 


45 


Acer  atropurpureum — Page  45 


AESCULUS.  Horse-Chestnut 

A genus  consisting  mostly  of  large  trees.  The 
following  species  is  a low,  spreading  shrub,  with 
smooth  fruit  and  rather  smaller  and  smoother 
leaves  than  the  Horse-Chestnut  proper. 


smaller  petals  than  the  species.  A very  pretty 
little  shrub  of  easy  cultivation,  growing  4 to  6 
ft.  high. 

AMORPHA.  False  Indigo 

A group  of  hardy,  rapid-growing  shrubs,  not 
especially  handsome,  but  valuable  for  massing  in 
uncultivated  locations. 

A.  canescens.  Lead  Plant.  A small  sized  dense 
growing  shrub ; flowers  bright  purple  in  dense 
clustered  racemes  in  June.  From  the  middle 
west.  Well  suited  for  rock  work. 

A.  fruticosa.  Common  False  Indigo.  A tall 
native  shrub  of  very  easy  cultivation,  blooming 
freely  in  June.  The  violet  flowers  are  crowded 
in  terminal  spikes.  Of  rapid  growth.  Height, 
6 to  8 feet. 

ARALIA  (Ginseng  Family) 

Quite  a large  order,  embracing  several  herba- 
ceous plants.  The  large,  shrubbery  species  are  of 
the  easiest  cultivation  and  are  frequently  em- 
ployed for  producing  subtropical  effects,  on  ac- 
count of  their  compound  leaves.  The  greenish  or 
white  flowers  are  produced  in  large  umbels.  Trees 
attain  a height  of  30  to  40  feet. 


IE.  parviflora  (Syn.,  AE.  macrostachya) . Dwarf 
Horse-Chestnut.  Only  a few  feet  high,  but 
spreads  over  several  yards.  It  blooms  in  June 
and  July  in  very  long,  loose  panicles  of  whitish 
flowers. 

ALNUS.  Alder 

Small  trees  or  large  shrubs  specially  well  suited 
for  massing  in  low,  wet  soils.  Their  abundant 
foliage  and  curious,  pendent  catkins  of  male 
flowers  in  spring,  as  well  as  their  entire  hardi- 
ness, entitle  them  to  more  notice  than  they  re- 
ceive. 

A.  rugosa  (Syn.,  A.  serrulata).  Smooth  Alder. 
This  is  the  common  native  Alder  of  the  middle 
states,  and  is  usually  found  along  streams, 
growing  from  6 to  12  feet  high,  with  bright 
green  leaves,  smooth  on  both  sides.  It  shows  to 
advantage  when  in  large  masses. 

AMELANCHIER.  Juneberry 

A genus  of  small  trees  or  shrubs  bearing  ra- 
cemes of  white  flowers  in  April  and  May,  fol- 
lowed in  June  by  small,  sweet,  purplish  fruits. 

A.  botryapium.  Common  Dwarf  Juneberry. 
Leaves  whitish,  woolly  when  young,  giving  the 
bush  a rather  attractive  appearance.  The  fruit 
is  often  used  for  cooking,  is  juicy  and  of  good 
flavor. 

A.  rotundifolia.  Round-leaved  Dwarf  Juneberry. 
It  has  broad,  roundish  foliage  and  rather 


A.  Chinensis  (Syn.,  A.  Japonica ).  Chinese  Her- 
cules’ Club.  Assumes  the  proportions  of  a 
small  tree,  with  prickly  stems  and  graceful, 
compound  leaves. 

A.  spinosa.  Hercules’  Club,  Angelica  Tree.  A 
native  shrub  with  stout,  prickly  stems  and  large 
bipinnately  compound  leaves.  Height,  30  to  40 
feet. 

AZALEA.  False  Honeysuckle 

A genus  of  the  most  charming  deciduous  shrubs 
in  cultivation.  They  require  a loose,  friable  soil, 
abounding  in  vegetable  matter.  Old  rotted  sods 
and  peat,  or  leaf-mold  from  the  woods,  are  excel- 
lent for  the  purpose.  For  massing  in  partially 
shaded  locations  nothing  can  be  more  attractive. 
A.  amoena.  Dwarf  Azalea.  See  Evergreen 
Shrubs. 

A.  arborescens.  Smooth  Azalea.  A tall  native 
shrub,  often  attaining  10  feet  in  height.  Flowers 
rose-colored  and  highly  fragrant.  Found  in 
mountains  of  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  etc. 

A.  gandavensis  (Syn.,  A.  Pontica ).  Ghent  Hy- 
brid Azalea.  At  present  we  list  them  as  above. 
Although  preferring  a shaded  situation,  they 
will  succeed  in  almost  any  position  not  too  hot, 
provided  the  soil  is  properly  prepared  and  fur- 
nished with  a liberal  mulch.  The  flowers  range 
in  color  from  pale  yellow  to  brilliant  red,  and 
are  especially  showy  in  May.  These  superb 


46 


HOOPESvBm  &*THOMAS  C0MRANY 


Azalea  gandavensis — continued 

shrubs  are  richly  deserving  of  a little  extra 
care,  forming,  as  they  do,  one  of  the  most  at- 
tractive features  in  any  garden.  They  will  at- 
tain a height  of  4 to  6 feet. 

A.  Hinode-giri.  See  Evergreen  Shrubs. 

A.  lutea  (Syn.,  A.  caletidulacea) . Flame  Azalea. 
Found  wild  in  the  mountains  of  Pennsylvania, 
Virginia,  Kentucky  and  southward.  It  is  per- 
haps the  most  elegant  of  all  our  native  species 
when  covered  with  brilliant  orange-red  flowers, 
which  open  simultaneously  with  the  leaves.  Gen- 
erally forms  a large  shrub,  attaining  even  a 
height  of  10  feet. 

A.  nudiflora.  Wild  Honeysuckle.  Our  wild 
Azalea,  found  common  throughout  the  eastern 
states.  Takes  kindly  to  cultivation  in  proper 
soil  and  partially  shaded  locations.  During 
April  it  produces  an  abundance  of  flesh-colored 
or  pink  flowers  and  grows  4 or  5 feet  high. 

A.  Sinense  (Syn.,  A.  mollis).  Japanese  Azalea. 
A remarkably  showy  race,  blooming  quite  early 
in  the  season.  Flowers  large,  brilliant  yellow, 
rose  color  and  red.  It  is  of  easy  cultivation 
and  very  attractive  when  grown  in  beds,  grow- 
ing 2 to  3 feet  high. 

A.  Vaseyi  (Syn.,  Rhododendron  Vaseyi).  Vasey’s 
Azalea.  From  the  mountains  of  North  Carolina. 
Entirely  hardy  at  the  North,  and  exceedingly 
attractive.  The  flowers,  which  appear  before 
the  foliage,  are  a pretty  shade  of  pink  with 
mottled  throats.  It  is  quite  a rapid  grower  and 
free  bloomer.  Height,  4 to  5 feet. 

A.  viscosa.  Swamp  Honeysuckle.  This  neat  spe- 
cies is  found  throughout  the  North,  usually  in 
low,  swampy  places,  but  succeeds  on  high  ground 
under  proper  conditions.  The  flowers  are  pure 
white,  very  fragrant  and  clammy.  It  generally 
grows  from  4 to  6 feet  high  and  blooms  freely 
in  June  and  July. 

BERBERIS.  Barberry 

A genus  composed  of  prickly  shrubs,  with  yel- 
low flowers  in  drooping  racemes  in  early  spring, 
followed  by  red  fruit.  This  is  a very  effective 
group,  not  only  for  planting  on  the  lawn,  but  for 
forming  neat  little  hedges  on  the  boundaries. 
They  are  all  reasonably  hardy,  not  particular  in 
regard  to  soil,  and  of  quick  growth. 

B.  vulgaris.  Common  Barberry.  The  wild  Bar- 
berry of  Europe,  which  has  become  naturalized 
in  New  England.  Our  ordinary  B.  Canadensis 
is  probably  only  a form  of  it.  Foliage  bright 
green,  with  bristly-toothed  margins.  Fruit 


bright  scarlet  and  showy.  Grows  5 to  6 feet 
high. 

var.  purpurea.  Purple-leaved  Barberry.  A 
well-known,  serviceable  shrub,  differing  from 
the  above  in  its  deep  purple  leaves.  It  is  doubt- 
less the  best  dark-leaved  shrub  in  the  entire 
list  and  is  easily  grown  in  any  good  soil.  Dur- 
ing May,  when  in  bloom,  the  contrast  is  espe- 
cially noticeable. 

B.  Thunbergii.  Thunberg’s  Barberry.  It  is  a 
native  of  China,  but  was  introduced  from  Japan. 
It  forms  a compact  bush  of  3 to  4 feet  high, 
with  neat  little  leaves  that  change  to  rich  scarlet 
in  autumn.  The  abundance  of  bright  red 
fruit  is  exceedingly  attractive.  It  bears  the 
shears  well  and  makes  a dense  hedge. 

BUDDLEIA 

A free-flowering  shrub.  Not  entirely  hardy  in 
the  North ; should  be  planted  in  sheltered  situa- 
tions. 

B.  Lindleyana.  Leaves  dark  green;  flowers 
violet-purple.  Native  of  China,  the  hardiest  of 
the  family. 

BUTNERIA  (Syn.,  Calycanthus) 

Strong-growing  shrubs,  about  5 to  6 feet  high, 
with  ample  foliage,  natives  of  the  mountains  of 
Virginia  and  southward.  Curious  purplish  flowers 
terminate  the  branches,  and  exhale  an  odor  of 
ripe  fruit. 

B.  fertilis  (Syn.,  Calycanthus  glaucus).  Glau- 
cous-leaved Calycanthus.  This  species  grows 
much  larger  than  any  other  in  the  genus,  and 
produces  larger  flowers. 

CALLICARPA 

French  Mulberry 

A genus  of  medium-sized  shrubs,  valuable  for 
their  attractive  violet-colored  berries,  which  are 
produced  in  great  abundance  in  the  axils  of  the 
leaves.  The  flowers  are  inconspicuous,  appearing 
in  early  summer. 

C.  Americana.  French  Mulberry.  Leaves  dark 
green,  downy;  fruit  violet-purple,  borne  in 
great  profusion.  Very  showy. 

C.  purpurea.  Purple-fruited  Callicarpa.  It  forms 
a neat  round  bush  about  4 feet  in  height  and 
during  autumn  the  branches  are  literally  cov- 
ered with  a wealth  of  purplish  lilac  berries 
or  drupes. 

CARAGANA.  Siberian  Pea 

Mostly  tall-growing  shrubs.  The  flowers  are 
pea-shaped,  yellowish  and  produced  abundantly 
in  May.  In  good  soil  this  shrub  grows  very  rap- 


47 


Caragana— continued 

idly,  and  is  well  adapted  for  the  background 
of  masses. 

C.  arborescens.  Tree-lilze  Caragana.  A fine  spe- 
cies attaining  the  size  of  a small  tree.  When 
covered  with  its  elegant  pea-shaped  blossoms 
it  makes  a choice  specimen. 

CARYOPTERIS 

One  of  the  newer  introductions  from  China, 
which,  with  us,  is  more  like  a herbaceous  plant 
than  a woody  shrub.  The  root,  however,  is  en- 
tirely hardy,  and,  as  the  bloom  always  appears 
on  the  young  shoots,  there  is  an  abundance  of 
flowers  every  season. 

C.  Mastacanthus.  Blue  Spircea.  An  elegant  little 
plant,  with  verbena-like  bloom,  blooming  freely 
until  late  in  autumn.  The  flowers  are  pale  blue 
or  lavender,  and  exceedingly  attractive.  The 
plant  attains  a height  of  3 to  4 feet. 

CEANOTHUS.  Red  Root 

A genus  embracing  quite  a number  of  species, 
all  of  which,  however,  are  unsatisfactory,  except 
our  own  common  native  shrub,  as  below.  The 
flowers  are  arranged  in  oblong  terminal  fascicles, 
freely  produced  and  quite  attractive.  Partial  to 
dry  banks. 

C.  Americanus.  New  Jersey  Tea.  Generally 
grows  about  3 or  4 feet  high,  bushy  and  spread- 
ing, with  an  abundance  of  pure  white  flower- 
clusters  in  June  and  July. 

CEPHALANTHUS.  Button-Bush 

Hardy  shrubs  bearing  flowers  in  dense,  globular 
heads  in  July,  and  found  in  a wild  state  on  the 
margins  of  streams  and  swamps.  They  will,  how- 
ever, succeed  perfectly  on  high  ground. 

C.  occidentalis.  Western  Cephalanthus.  This  is 
sometimes  known  as  “Pond  Dogwood.”  It  bears 
very  attractive  white  flowers  in  spherical  heads. 
Attains  a height  of  from  3 to  5 feet. 

CERCIS.  Judas  Tree 

Large  shrubs  or  small  trees,  very  ornamental 
and  of  easy  cultivation.  Leaves  rounded,  heart- 
shaped.  Noted  for  their  reddish  purple  flowers  in 
small,  umbel-like  clusters  in  advance  of  the  foli- 
age. Growth  quite  rapid  in  good  soil. 

C.  Canadensis.  Red  Bud.  See  Deciduous  Trees. 
C.  Chinensis.  Japan  Judas  Tree.  Usually  known 
as  C.  Japonica.  One  of  the  most  useful  intro- 
ductions into  American  collections.  It  grows  6 
to  7 feet  high,  compact  and  rounded  in  outline, 
and  is  a perfect  mass  of  color  when  in  bloom. 
The  purplish  red  flowers  which  cover  the 


branches  before  or  just  as  the  leaves  begin  to 
appear  make  it  very  attractive. 

CITRUS.  Japan  Orange 

A member  of  the  Citrus  family,  which  embraces 
the  orange,  lemon,  lime,  shaddock,  etc. 

C.  trifoliata.  Hardy  Orange.  This  curious 
Orange  is  very  thorny  and  has  roundish  leaflets 
in  threes.  It  produces  a small,  yellowish,  worth- 
less, but  rather  ornamental  fruit.  Hardy  as  far 
north  as  Philadelphia. 

CLETHRA.  White  Alder 

Among  the  most  easily  cultivated  shrubs  be- 
longing to  the  Ericaceae.  Although  found  growing 
in  low,  wet  ground,  the  Clethras  succeed  appar- 
ently as  well  in  high  situations.  Greatly  admired 
for  their  cheerful  racemes  of  fragrant  white 
flowers. 

C.  acuminata.  Tall 
Clethra.  From 
the  mountains  of 
Virginia,  North 
Carolina,  etc., 
where  it  forms  a 
large  shrub  or 
small  tree,  with 
large  acuminate 
leaves  pale  be- 
neath.  The 
drooping  racemes 
of  white  flowers 
are  quite  attrac- 
tive. 

C.  alnifolia.  Sweet 
Pepper  Bush.  A 
small  or  medium 
sized  shrub, 
mostly  growing 
from  3 to  5 feet 

Clethra  alnifolia  high,  and  pro- 

ducing, in  late 
summer,  numerous  upright  racemes  of  very 
fragrant  white  flowers.  The  flowers  are  full  of 
honey  and  very  attractive  to  bees. 

COLUTEA.  Bladder  Senna 

A genus  composed  of  a few  shrubs  bearing  pea- 
shaped yellow  flowers  in  June  in  axillary  racemes; 
perhaps  all  are  but  varieties  of  one  species,  de- 
scribed below.  Natives  of  the  middle  and  south 
of  Europe. 

C.  arborescens.  Arborescent  Colutea.  A very 
rapid-growing,  large  shrub.  The  bloom  is  suc- 
ceeded by  large,  bladder-like  pods  or  legumes, 
assuming  a reddish  tint  at  maturity. 


48 


COMPTONIA.  Sweet  Fern 

A genus  of  native  shrubs.  Composed  of  one 
species,  closely  allied  to  the  Sweet  Gale  family. 
The  leaves  are  lobed,  deep  green,  and  delightfully 
fragrant. 

C.  peregrina  (Syn.,  C.  asplenifolia).  Sweet  Fern. 
A small  bush  not  over  1 or  2 feet  in  height, 
admirably  adapted  for  planting  dry  banks,  etc. 
It  is  quite  fern-like  in  appearance  and  aro- 
matic. 

CORNUS.  Dogwood 

With  the  exception  of  C.  florida,  the  family  of 
Dogwoods  are  not  showy  when  in  bloom,  but  they 
are  especially  useful  for  the  rich  coloring  of  the 
bark  in  some  species,  and  the  bright  autumnal 
tints  in  the  foliage  of  almost  all.  They  are  rapid- 
growing, bushy  shrubs,  attaining  a height  of  6 to 
8 feet.  Of  great  value  to  the  landscape  architect. 
C.  alba.  Red-branched  Dogwood.  A shrub  6 to  8 
feet,  with  erect  stems  and  bright  blood-red 
branches.  Makes  a striking  effect  in  winter. 
Very  useful  in  mixed  borders  of  shrubs. 

C.  alternifolia.  Blue  Dogwood.  A native  plant, 
which  forms  a large  shrub  or  small  tree.  The 
peculiar  arrangement  of  the  branches  gives  the 
shrub  a tabular  or  flattened  aspect.  The  bark 
is  greenish,  striped  with  white;  the  fruit  is  deep 
blue. 

C.  amomum  (Syn.,  C.  sericea ).  Silky  Dog- 
wood. A native  shrub,  found  usually  in  low, 
damp  soil,  but  succeeding  well  on  high  ground 
also.  Bark  purplish;  leaves  have  a silky  pubes- 
cence on  the  under  side.  Fruit  pale  blue; 
growth  less  rapid  than  in  most  other  species. 

C.  candidissima  (Syn.,  C.  paniculata).  Panicled 
Dogwood.  A medium-sized  rapid-growing  shrub 
with  numerous  panicles  of  pure  white  flowers. 
The  branches  are  smooth  and  gray,  with  ovate- 
lanceolate  foliage,  whitish  beneath.  Fruit  abun- 
dant and  pure  white. 

C.  circinata.  Round-leaved  Dogwood.  A large 
shrub,  with  greenish  branches  and  roundish 
oval  leaves,  woolly  underneath.  The  fruit  is 
light  blue. 

C.  Mas.  Cornelian  Cherry.  This  introduced  spe- 
cies forms  a large  shrub  or  low  tree.  It  is  re- 
markable for  the  beauty  of  its  yellow  flowers 
and  large,  brilliant  scarlet  fruit. 

C.  sanguinea.  English  Dogwood.  The  true  C. 
sanguinea  is  very  unlike  C.  stolonifera,  having 
dark  purplish  red  bark  and  dark  purple  fruit. 
It  is  not  nearly  so  effective  for  ornamental  pur- 
poses as  the  latter.  It  is  occasionally  sold  under 
the  name  of  C.  Sibirica. 


var.  foliis  variegatis.  Variegated  Dogwood. 
A form  of  the  preceding,  having  the  foliage  dis- 
tinctly marked  with  pure  white.  It  stands  the 
direct  rays  of  the  sun  with  reasonable  success, 
but  in  partial  shade  the  effect  is  enhanced. 
Hardy. 

C.  Spaethi.  Golden-leaved  Dogwood.  This  is  evi- 
dently a chance  variety  of  one  of  the  foregoing 
species,  probably  C.  alba,  and  is  a decided  ac- 
quisition to  ornamental  grounds.  The  foliage 
is  richly  marked  with  yellow  variegations,  and 
does  not  burn  badly  in  the  full  sun. 

C.  stolonifera.  Red-twigged  Dogwood.  This 
is  often  confused  with  C.  alba,  which  has  erect 
branches,  while  C.  stolonifera  is  of  a spreading 
habit  and  the  branches  are  of  a dark  purplish 
red  color.  Fruit  white  or  lead-colored, 
var.  aurea.  Golden-twigged  Dogwood.  A form 
of  the  preceding,  just  introduced  into  cultiva- 
tion. The  bark  is  bright  golden  yellow. 

CORYLUS.  Hazel 

A genus  of  strong-growing,  rather  coarse 
shrubs,  but  well  suited  for  planting  belts  and 
masses  in  large  plantations.  The  fruit  is  also 
valuable,  and  the  shrubs  are  worthy  of  culture 
for  this  alone.  They  are  all  hardy  and  no'  par- 
ticular in  regard  to  soil. 

C.  Americana.  Common  Hazel.  The  nuts  pro- 
duced by  this  species  are  smaller  than  those  of 
the  European,  but  are  sweet  and  of  fine  flavor. 
C.  Avellana,  var.  laciniata.  Cut-leaved  Hazel. 
A form  of  the  European  Hazel  or  Filbert,  with 
the  foliage  deeply  incised  or  laciniated. 
var.  purpurea.  Purple-leaved  Hazel,  or  Fil- 
bert. The  foliage  of  this  attractive  form  is  rich 
purple  on  first  opening  out,  and  for  several 
weeks  thereafter,  but  changes  to  a dark  purplish 
green  in  autumn. 

CYDONIA.  Quince 

This  well-known  genus,  valuable  for  its  fruit, 
contains  but  one  really  ornamental  shrub.  They 
are  all  quite  hardy  and  exceedingly  attractive 
when  in  bloom,  being  useful  not  only  for  the  lawn 
but  for  hedging  purposes  as  well. 

C.  Japonica  (Syn.,  Pyrus  Japonica).  Japan 
Quince.  This  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  bril- 
liant-flowering shrubs.  We  grow  large  blocks 
of  seedlings  every  year,  and,  as  they  sport  into 
every  conceivable  tint,  a group  of  them  is  very 
attractive. 

DAPHNE.  Daphne 

A genus  of  low-growing  shrubs,  noted  for  the 
exquisite  fragrance  of  their  flowers.  They  prefer 


49 


Daphne— continued 

well-drained,  light  soil,  not  too  rich  in  stimu- 
lating manures. 

D.  Cneorum.  Dwarf  Daphne.  This  dainty  little 
species  has  persistent  leaves.  It  rarely  exceeds 
12  inches  in  height,  but  is  spreading  in  char- 
acter. The  pretty  clusters  of  pink  flowers  are 
very  fragrant,  and  continue  in  bloom  for  some 
time  during  early  summer.  Excellent  for  edg- 
ing azalea  beds,  as  they  require  the  same  kind 
of  soil  to  thrive  properly. 

D.  Mezereum.  Flowers  lilac-purple,  very  fra- 
grant, appearing  before  the  leaves,  almost 
hiding  the  naked  branches. 

DEUTZIA.  Deutzia 

A genus  of  Japanese  shrubs,  from  4 to  6 feet 
high,  flowering  in  June.  They  are  rapid  in  growth, 
easily  cultivated  and  exceedingly  attractive  in 
bloom.  The  large-growing  kinds  are  available 
for  screens  and  ornamental  hedges. 

D.  crenata.  Crenate-leaved  Deutzia.  One  of  the 
best  of  hardy  shrubs,  bearing  a great  profusion 
of  single  white  flowers  on  long,  slender 
branches.  Preferred  by  some  to  the  several 
double-flowering  kinds. 

var.  fl.  pi.  Double- flowering  Pink  Deutzia.  So 
named  on  account  of  the  distinct  pink  or  red- 
dish stripes  on  the  petals  of  the  flowers.  The 
bloom  is  perfectly  double,  resembling  little 
rosettes  and  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  dis- 
tinct of  the  group. 

var.  candidissima.  Double  White- flowering 
Deutzia.  This  extremely  beautiful  double  form 
has  snow-white  flowers  and  blooms  in  the  great- 
est profusion.  It  makes  up  well  in  flower  deco- 
rations, and  is  a valuable  specimen, 
var.  “Pride  of  Rochester.”  It  is  rather  earlier 
in  flowering  than  the  others ; double,  white, 
with  a tint  of  rose  on  back  of  petals. 

D.  gracilis.  Slender-branched  Deutzia.  One  of 
the  most  valuable  shrubs  in  the  entire  list.  Ex- 
cellent for  forcing  under  glass.  It  forms  a 
small  round  plant,  2 feet  in  height,  blooming 
freely  early  in  June.  Pure  white. 

D.  Lemoinei.  Lemoine’s  Deutzia.  A newly  in- 
troduced variety  obtained  by  M.  Lemoine,  of 
France,  by  crossing  D.  gracilis  on  D.  parvi flora. 
Although  the  habit  is  dwarf — about  3 feet — the 
flowers  are  large,  pure  white  and  produced 
freely. 

D.  parviflora.  Small- flowered  Deutzia.  Intro- 
duced from  northern  China,  where  it  is  a beau- 
tiful large  shrub,  with  stout  branches  and  large 
corymbs  of  pure  white  flowers. 


DIERVILLA.  Weigela 


A group  of  very  beau- 
tiful shrubs,  growing  4 to 
6 feet  tall.  They  were 
introduced  from  Japan 
and  are  entirely  hardy 
with  us.  We  adhere  to 
the  correct  classification 
of  Diervilla,  although  the 
genus  is  popularly  known 
as  Weigela.  They  bloom 
in  May  and  June. 

D.  floribunda.  “Eva 
Diervilla  florida  Rathke  ( Syn.,  W ei- 

nana  variegata  gela , Eva  Rathke)  . A 

new  and  exceedingly 
showy  variety,  with  bright  red  flowers  borne 
freely  during  early  summer.  It  is  very  distinct 
and  decidedly  the  best  of  its  color.  Rather 
slender  in  growth. 


D.  florida  (Syn.,  Weigela  rosea).  Rose-colored 
Weigela.  Its  handsome  rose-colored  flowers 
are  produced  with  remarkable  freedom.  Hardy 
and  of  compact  growth. 

var.  Candida  (Syn.,  Weigela  Candida).  White- 
flowering Weigela.  This  is  a distinct  and  valu- 
able plant,  much  superior  to  most  of  the  white 
Weigelas. 

var.  nana  variegata.  Variegated  Weigela.  The 
leaves  are  variegated  with  white  and  the  flowers 
are  lighter  in  color  than  D.  florida’s,  but  it  is 
equally  as  free  in  bloom.  The  growth,  however, 
is  not  so  robust  as  the  latter,  and  requires  less 
trimming  to  preserve  its  compact  form. 

The  following  varieties  have  been  selected  as 
the  best  of  the  recent  introductions : 

Dame  Blanche.  Flowers  very  large,  ivory-white, 
center  clear  yellow. 

Coquette.  Large,  deep  pink  flowers. 

Gustave  Mallet.  Flowers  pink,  with  white 
margin. 

Mont  Blanc.  Flowers  very  large,  pure  white. 


DIMORPHANTHUS 

A genus  of  shrubs  and  herbaceous  plants  from 
China  and  Japan.  Closely  related  to  Aralia. 


50 


Dimorphanthus— continued 

D.  Manshuricus.  A tall-growing  shrub,  with 
prickly  stems  and  very  large,  multifid,  hand- 
some leaves.  It  is  a rapid  grower  and  speedily 
produces  a grand  effect  when  planted  in  groups. 
Quite  hardy  with  us,  and  showy  when  in  bloom. 

DIRCA.  Leatherwood 

A small  genus,  composed  of  a single  species 
and  very  distinct  in  character.  It  forms  a round, 
compact  bush  from  2 to  5 feet  high,  with  exceed- 
ingly tough  bark.  The  bright  yellow  flowers  are 
produced  in  small  clusters  before  the  leaves. 

D.  palustris.  Moosewood.  It  is  a northern  native 
shrub.  The  flowers  are  small  and  yellow,  and 
produced  in  clusters ; they  are  followed  by  small 
reddish  poisonous  fruit.  The  Indians  used  the 
bark  for  thongs. 

ELAEAGNUS.  Oleaster 

A family  of  large  shrubs,  growing  6 to  8 feet 
high ; noted  for  the  silvery  appearance  of  the 
leaves  and  the  showy,  berry-like  fruit. 

E.  longipes.  Edible-fruited  Oleaster.  One  of  the 
most  ornamental  of  the  genus,  bearing  a profu- 
sion of  large,  bright  red  fruits  that  are  edible 
and  pleasant  to  the  taste.  Flowers  yellowish 
white. 

EUONYMUS.  Spindle  Tree 

A genus  composed  of  very  dissimilar  plants,  a 
portion  of  which  are  evergreens  and  others  decid- 
uous. Again,  while  some  species  assume  the  size 
of  small  trees,  others  are  merely  dwarf  shrubs  or 
trailing  vines.  The  deciduous  species  are  all  quite 
hardy  and  valuable  for  their  fruit,  as  well  as  for 
their  bright  autumnal  foliage.  They  are  of  easy 
culture  and  readily  adapt  themselves  to  most 
soils.  Valuable  for  grouping  on  the  outer  edge  of 
woodlands. 

E.  alatus.  Cork-barked  Euonymus.  One  of  the 
most  charming  shrubs.  Attractive  during 
autumn,  when  full  of  its  bright-colored  fruit, 
and  when  the  foliage  is  brilliant  crimson-scarlet, 
the  effect  is  unsurpassed.  Bark  corky. 

E.  Americanus.  Strawberry  Bush.  A small 
native  shrub,  ^lier  upright  or  trailing,  with 
bright  green  leaves  and  rough,  warty  crimson 
pods  that,  bursting,  reveal  their  bright  scarlet 
seed-coverings. 

E.  atropurpureus.  Burning  Bush.  This  is  a tall 
shrub,  with  smooth,  deeply  lobed  scarlet  pods 
drooping  on  long  stems.  It  is  one  of  the  most 
valuable  native  shrubs  for  ornament. 

E.  Europaeus.  European  Burning  Bush.  This 
forms  a small  tree  at  maturity,  and  is  one  of 


the  old-fashioned  species  still  in  demand.  Its 
specially  attractive  feature  is  the  rich  crop  of 
crimson  fruits  in  autumn,  from  which  the  well- 
known  common  name  is  derived. 

EXOCHORDA 

This  comparatively  new  genus  is  closely  related 
to  the  spiraea.  The  only  good  species  is  the  One 
described  below,  which  is  perfectly  hardy,  a vigor- 
ous grower  and  an  abundant  bloomer. 

E.  grandiflora.  Pearl  Flower.  A remarkably 
conspicuous  and  beautiful  shrub  when  covered 
with  its  multitude  of  snow-white  flowers,  which 
are  larger  than  those  of  any  of  its  near  con- 
geners, the  spiraeas.  At  maturity  it  forms  a 
large  shrub  8 to  10  feet  high,  clothed  with  hand- 
some, smooth  green  leaves.  A native  of  China. 
Blooms  in  May. 

FORSYTHIA.  Golden  Bell 

A valuable  genus  of  shrubs  growing  5 to  6 
feet  high;  from  China  and  Japan;  blooms  very 
early  in  spring.  Flowers  yellow,  drooping,  borne 
in  great  profusion. 

F.  Fortunei.  Fortune’s  Forsythia.  A strong- 
growing species,  with  stout,  erect  branches  and 
rich  green  foliage,  blooming  in  April  and  con- 
tinuing for  some  time. 

F.  intermedia.  Intermediate  Forsythia.  Erect  In 
growth,  somewhat  slender,  very  profuse  in 
bloom. 


Forsythia  suspensa 


F.  suspensa.  Weeping  Forsythia.  The  long, 
slender  shoots  curve  elegantly  to  the  ground, 
and  when  covered  by  a wealth  of  bright  yellow 


51 


Forsythia  suspensa — continued 

flowers,  present  a pleasing  feature  in  any  col- 
lection. 

F.  viridissima.  Golden  Bell.  It  comes  from  the 
north  of  China  and  blooms  early  in  May. 
Flowers  rather  paler  in  color  than  the  others, 
but  very  profuse  and  attractive. 

HAMAMELIS.  Witch-Hazel 

A small  genus  of  shrubs,  the  single  species 
being  found  all  over  the  Atlantic  States.  The 
yellow  flowers  appear  in  little  clusters  late  in 
autumn,  during  the  fall  of  the  leaf,  and  the  fruit 
matures  during  the  following  summer. 

H.  Virginiana.  Common  Witch-Hazel.  This  fine 
native  shrub  has  oval,  toothed  leaves  turning 
yellow  or  orange  in  autumn.  It  is  a valuable 
aid  to  the  gardener  in  forming  large  masses  of 
bright  foliage. 

HIBISCUS.  Althaea 


Large  shrubs,  grow- 
ing from  8 to  10  feet 
high.  Very  popular 
for  hedges  and  screens.  The 
many-colored  flowers,  bloom- 
ing in  September  and  Octo- 
ber, make  the  Althaea  one  of 
the  most  desirable  shrubs. 


Hibiscus  D.  indicates  Double; 

E.  indicates  Semi-double. 

H.  Syriacus.  Rose  of  Sharon.  The  following 
varieties  are  distinct  and  can  be  highly  recom- 
mended. 


Amaranthus.  Rich  purple;  fine.  E. 

Albus  oculatus.  A large  flower;  white  with  a 
distinct  lake-red  eye.  E. 

Bicolor.  White,  with  red  stripes.  E. 

Carnea  plena.  White,  tipped  with  pink.  E. 


Comte  des  Flandres.  Bright  maroon.  D. 
Duchess  de  Brabant.  Deep  crimson.  D. 
Elegantissima.  Bright  pink,  prettily  striped.  E. 
“Fleur  Blanche.”  Pure  white,  single  flower. 
Incarnatus.  Pure  flesh-color.  D. 

Jeanne  d’Arc.  Pure  white;  very  full,  and  supe- 
rior to  any  double  white  known.  D. 
Paeoniflora.  Large,  pink;  beautiful.  D. 
Ranunculseflora.  White,  with  maroon  center.  E. 
Sanguinea.  Dark  crimson.  D. 

Variegatus,  fl.  pi.  Purple,  leaves  variegated.  D. 
“Violet  Claire.”  Clear  violet.  E. 

Seedlings.  Mixed  colors.  Fine  for  screens. 


HYDRANGEA 

Hardy  and  half-hardy  shrubs,  natives  of  the 
United  States,  China  and  Japan.  The  splendid 
corymbs  of  flowers  are  very  attractive  and  beau- 
tiful. 

H.  arborescens.  Wild  Hydrangea.  A native 
species  found  from  Pennsylvania  to  Florida. 
A vigorous-growing  shrub,  with  mostly  fertile 
white  flowers  in  flat  cymes, 
var.  sterilis.  Hills  of  Snow.  A new  variety  of 
great  promise,  the  large  showy  white  flowers, 
like  the  snowball,  cover  the  plant  with  great 
profusion,  and-  last  nearly  all  summer. 

H.  Hortensia.  Garden  Hydrangea.  A well-known 
old  species  from  China.  Flower-heads  large, 
showy,  with  a pretty  pink  tint,  which  changes  to 
blue  when  iron  filings  or  swamp-muck  are 
mixed  with  the  soil. 

var.  cvanoclada  (Syn,  var.  ramulis  pictus). 
Red-branched  Hydrangea.  This  is  a valuable 
and  very  showy  form  with  dark  chocolate- 
colored  stems  and  large  corymbs  of  bright  red 
flowers. 

var.  Otaksa.  A meritorious  variety  from  Japan 
with  very  large  corymbs  of  beautiful  pink 
flowers. 

var.  Thomas  Hogg.  Another  Japanese  intro- 
duction with  snow-white  corymbs  of  flowers, 
resembling  the  common  snowball,  although  very 
much  larger. 

var.  rosea.  A fine  variety  with  rosy  red  flowers. 

H.  paniculata.  Panicled  Hydrangea.  A valuable 
Japanese  shrub,  with  long  panicles  of  white 
flowers,  blooming  earlier  than  its  showy  variety 
and  in  less  compact  trusses, 
var.  paniculata  grandiflora.  Great-panicled 
Hydrangea.  This  is  surely  one  of  the  best  in- 
troductions of  later  years.  Growth  strong  and 


52 


1 


iiGOPES,:Bm  &»THOMAS  COMPANY  V / 

* iteft  i wr  itr^  ° - 


i*V  *v.V 

Hydrangea  paniculata  grandiflora — continued 


erect,  with  Immense  panicles  of  snow-white 
bloom,  if  the  soil  is  rich. 

H.  quercifolia.  Oak-leaved  Hydrangea.  A dis- 
tinct shrub  with  spreading  branches.  Flowers 
in  large  white  panicles.  June.  Height,  5 to  6 
feet. 

H.  radiata  (Syn.,  H.  nivea,  of  Michx).  Snowy- 
leaved Hydrangea.  A native  of  the  Southern 
States,  but  hardy  with  us.  The  ovate  leaves 
are  snow-white  beneath  and  very  handsome. 
The  flat  cymes  are  not  very  noticeable,  but  have 
rather  large  sterile  white  flowers  around  the 
margins. 


Hydrangea  arborescens  sterilis — Page  52 


HYPERICUM.  St.  John’s- Wort 

Shrubs  and  herbs,  with  mostly  yellow  flowers. 
The  form  is  compact  and  rounded,  with  some- 
what persistent  leaves. 

H.  Moserianum.  A novelty  of  decided  merit  on 
account  of  its  large,  glistening  golden  yellow 
flowers,  produced  freely  from  midsummer  until 
hard  frost.  It  is  quite  dwarf  in  habit.  Height, 
3 to  4 feet. 

H.  prolificum.  Shrubby  St.  John’s-lVort.  This 
excellent  shrub  blooms  profusely  from  the 
middle  of  summer  until  autumn,  and  its  bright 
yellow  flowers  are  especially  attractive  at  this 
season.  It  is  sub-evergreen  in  character.  Height, 
2 to  3 feet. 

ILEX.  Holly 

The  deciduous  species  are  among  our  choicest 
shrubs  with  ornamental  fruit.  They  are  partial 
to  low,  moist  situations,  although  this  feature  is 
not  strictly  essential.  Height,  6 to  10  feet. 

I.  monticola.  Large-leaved  Holly.  A mountain 
species,  rare  in  cultivation,  with  smooth,  sharply 


serrate  leaves,  changing  to  crimson  in  autumn. 
The  reddish  or  purplish  fruit  is  very  showy. 

I.  verticillata.  Black  Alder.  It  flowers  during 
May  and  June  in  clusters  of  small  white  bloom 
which  are  succeeded  by  brilliant  scarlet  fruits  in 
autumn. 

ITEA.  Itea 

A small  genus,  found  near  the  Atlantic  coast 
from  New  Jersey  to  Florida. 

I.  Virginica.  Virginian  Itea.  Admirably  suited 
for  planting  in  low,  moist  soil,  where  it  pro- 
duces a multitude  of  pure  white  flowers  in  June. 
It  resembles  a willow  in  habit  and  foliage. 
Height,  3 to  4 feet. 

JASMINUM 

The  varieties  of  Jessamine  are  mostly  vines  or 
shrubs  that  are  not  hardy.  The  following  is  the 
only  one  that  can  be  recommended. 

J.  primulinum.  A new  hardy  Japanese  Jessamine 
of  bushy  growth.  The  plant  is  covered  with 
star-shaped  yellow  fragrant  flowers. 

KERRIA.  Corchorus 

A genus  of  Japanese  shrubs  which,  according  to 
some  botanical  authors,  is  classed  with  Corchorus. 
They  are  mostly  hardy  here,  although  occasionally 
injured  by  the  winter.  The  bright  yellow  flowers 
are  exceedingly  attractive.  Bark  pale  green. 

K.  Japonica.  Globe  Flower.  Leaves  bright  green, 
turning  to  yellow  in  the  autumn.  The  bright 
yellow  flowers  make  a good  contrast  when 
planted  with  other  shrubs. 

var.  fl.  pi.  Double-flowering  Corchorus.  It 
blooms  profusely  from  the  last  of  June  until 
autumn,  with  double  globular  flowers, 
var.  variegata.  Variegated-leaved  Corchorus. 
This  is  not  so  vigorous  in  growth  as  the  pre- 
ceding. It  has  decided  white  markings  on  the 
leaves. 

LESPEDEZA.  Bush-Clover 

A large  genus  of  perennial  plants,  found  abun- 
dantly in  our  woodlands.  The  following  culti- 
vated species  is  bush-like  in  appearance,  with 
leaves  in  threes. 

L.  Sieboldi  (Syn.,  Desmodium  f’cnduliflorum). 
Japan  Bush-Clover.  Forms  a mass  of  twiggy 
branches  3 or  4 feet  in  height.  During  late 
summer  and  early  autumn  it  is  very  beautiful, 
with  numerous  drooping  clusters  of  bright  pink 
flowers.  Although  strictly  an  herbaceous  plant, 
the  general  appearance  strongly  suggests  a 
woody  shrub. 


53 


LIGUSTRUM.  Privet 

In  addition  to  their  recognized  value  for  hedg- 
ing purposes,  the  Privets  are  all  useful  for  plant- 
ing on  the  lawn.  The  bloom  is  in  terminal 
racemes  of  white  flowers ; the  leaves  in  the 
various  species  are  exceedingly  dissimilar  and 
sub-evergreen.  The  berries,  also,  are  quite  orna- 
mental. Height,  8 to  10  feet. 

L.  Amurense.  Amoor  River  Privet.  Native  of 
China.  Leaves  dark  green.  Popular  for  hedges 
in  the  South,  where  it  is  nearly  evergreen. 

L.  Ibota.  Chinese  Privet.  A noticeable  species, 
both  in  growth  and  foliage.  It  is  very  vigorous, 
has  distinct,  deep  green  leaves  and  numerous 
racemes  of  pure  white,  fragrant  flowers.  Ex- 
cellent for  hedging  purposes  and  forms  a beau- 
tiful specimen  plant. 

var.  Regelianum.  Regel’s  Privet.  A form  of 
Ibota  with  spreading  branches ; smaller  and 
more  compact. 

L.  ovalifolium.  California  Privet.  The  most 
popular,  as  it  is  the  most  available  hedge  plant 
with  deciduous  leaves.  Growth  strong,  with 
beautiful  glossy  foliage  and  showy  racemes  of 
pure  white  bloom.  Native  of  Japan. 

LONICERA.  Bush  Honeysuckle 

A genus  composed  of  twining  vines  and  erect 
bushy  shrubs.  The  most  valuable  of  the  latter 
class  are  described  below ; the  former  under  the 
heading  of  vines  and  creepers.  They  are  in  de- 
mand not  merely  on  account  of  their  pretty 
flowers,  but  also  for  the  attractive  fruit  so  plenti- 
fully produced  in  autumn.  Height,  5 to  6 feet. 

L.  fragrantissima.  Early  Fragrant  Honeysuckle. 
Introduced  from  China.  Valued  for  the  ex- 
treme earliness  of  its  bloom  as  well  as  the  very 
decided  fragrance  of  its  whitish  flowers. 

L.  Ledebouri.  LedebouPs  Honeysuckle.  From 
California.  Very  distinct,  with  red  flowers  in 
May. 

L.  Morrowi.  Morrow’s  Upright  Honeysuckle.  A 
species  from  Japan.  It  is  a strong,  upright 
grower,  blooming  profusely  in  May  and  June; 
flowers  pure  white.  During  autumn  its  bright 
red  berries  are  especially  attractive. 

L.  Tatarica.  Tartarian  Honeysuckle.  This  fine 
species  has  long  been  in  cultivation  and  is 
highly  esteemed  for  its  fragrant  pink  flowers 
and  beautiful  orange-colored  berries.  It  flowers 
in  May. 

var.  alba.  White  Tartarian  Honeysuckle.  Differs 
only  in  the  color  of  the  flowers,  which,  in  this 
variety,  are  pure  white. 


var.  grandiflora.  Large- flowering  Tartarian 
Honeysuckle.  It  is  a strong  grower  and  prolific 
bloomer,  with  large  pink  flowers  prettily  striped 
with  white.  The  berries  are  also  as  conspicuous 
and  showy  as  the  others. 

MYRICA.  Wax-Myrtle 

A group  of  shrubs  chiefly  valued  on  account  of 
the  pleasing  fragrance  of  the  numerous  resinous 
glands  dotted  over  the  surface  of  the  foliage. 
They  are  of  very  easy  culture  in  almost  any  soil, 
especially  in  light  or  sandy.  Evergreen  at  the 
South,  but  deciduous  with  us. 

M.  cerifera.  Bayberry.  A native  shrub,  with  an 
agreeable  aromatic  odor,  common  along  the 
coast  in  sandy  soil.  Although  generally  of 
rather  dwarf  size,  in  good  soil  it  frequently 
attains  a height  of  6 or  8 feet.  Valuable  for 
massing  where  many  of  our  shrubs  will  not 
succeed. 

M.  Gale.  Sweet  Gale.  Another  native  species 
found  along  the  margins  of  streams  in  the 
mountains.  It  is  a northern  shrub,  growing 
from  3 to  5 feet  high. 

OPULASTER.  Wild  Opulus 

A small  genus  of  shrubs  separated  from  the 
Spiraea  family.  Their  distinguishing  features  are 
palmately  lobed  foliage  and  white  flowers  in  ter- 
minal corymbs.  Height,  8 to  10  feet. 

O.  opulifolius.  Ninebark.  A tall,  coarse-growing, 
much-branched  shrub,  with  bark  peeling  off  in 
strips.  The  conspicuous  reddish  heads  of  fruit 
remain  on  the  plant  for  a long  time.  Flowers  in 
round  corymbs  and  very  conspicuous.  Growth 
rapid.  This  is  the  Spiraea  opulifolia  of  older 
botanies. 

var.  aurea.  Golden  Spiraea.  A distinct  form  of 
the  above,  with  the  foliage  of  a decided  yellow- 
ish tint,  which  holds  its  color  well  all  through 
the  season.  Used  for  hedging,  as  well  as  for 
groups. 

OXYDENDRUM.  Sourwood 

A genus  consisting  of  a single  species  separated 
from  Andromeda.  It  forms  a small  tree  with 
acuminate  leaves,  quite  sour  to  the  taste. 

O.  arboreum  (Syn .,  Andromeda  arborea).  Sorrel 
Tree.  This  pretty,  graceful  species  is  covered 
during  April  and  May  with  long,  drooping 
racemes  of  white  flowers. 

PAEONIA.  Peony 

There  are  two  distinct  classes  belonging  to  this 
beautiful  genus,  one  of  which  is  strictly  herba- 
ceous, with  tuberous  roots;  the  other  forms  me- 


54 


HOOPES:  BRQ, 

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&*THOMA3  COMPANY 


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Paeonia— continued 

dium-sized  shrubs  with  woody  stems  and 
branches.  For  description  of  the  former,  we 
refer  to  the  heading  of  Hardy  Perennials. 

P.  moutan.  Tree  Peony.  The  gorgeous  large 
flowers  of  named  varieties  are  exceedingly  at- 
tractive when  properly  grown,  as  they  require 
a deep  rich  soil,  with  an  abundance  of  well- 
rotted  manure. 


PRUNUS.  Plum 

Trees  or  shrubs  with  quite  showy  flowers,  white 
or  pinkish  in  color  and  clustered. 

P.  Japonica  ( Amygdalus  pumila).  Double  Divarf 
Rose  Almond.  A popular  little  shrub,  with  a 
great  profusion  of  charming  double  rose-colored 
flowers  early  in  May.  Height,  3 to  4 feet.  We 
also  grow  the  Double  Dwarf  White  Almond. 


PHILADELPHIA.  Mock  Orange 

A group  of  shrubs  frequently  listed  under  the 
misnomer  of  Syringa,  which  is  the  generic  title  of 
the  Lilacs,  thus  causing  confusion  between  the 
two  very  distinct  families.  They  are  all  hardy 
and  easily  grown,  with  white,  mostly  fragrant 
flowers  in  great  profusion.  Height,  5 to  6 feet. 
Boule  d’Argent.  Flowers  double  pure  white. 

P.  coronarius.  Garland  Mock-Orange.  This  old- 
time  favorite,  with  its  wealth  of  creamy  white 
flowers  and  rich  orange-blossom  fragrance, 
should  be  included  in  the  smallest  collections. 

var.  nanus  aureus.  Golden  Mock-Orange,  or 
Syringa  (incorrectly).  A beautiful  variety, 
with  the  foliage  all  golden  yellow,  which  stands 
the  direct  rays  of  the  sun  without  scorching. 
It  is  a dwarf  in  habit  and  blooms  quite  freely, 
var.  nivalis  fl.  pi.  Double  Snow-White  Mock- 
Orange.  This  is  another  double-flowering  form, 
with  pure  white  bloom  and  decidedly  odorous, 
var.  grandiflorus.  Large-flowered  Mock  Orange. 
A well-marked  form  of  the  preceding,  with 
larger,  very  conspicuous  white  flowers. 

P.  Lemoinei.  Hybrid  Mock-Orange.  Flowers 
white  and  very  fragrant,  literally  covering  the 
plant  in  early  June.  Grows  4 to  6 feet  high. 

P.  purpurea  maculatus.  A small  compact  bush ; 
flowers  white  with  a purplish  rose  spot  in 
center. 

PIERIS.  The  Stagger-Bush,  Fetter-Bush 

P.  Marianum.  Andromeda  Marianum.  Leaves 
dark  green,  mostly  evergreen.  The  nodding 
white  flowers  are  among  the  first  to  appear  in 
the  spring.  Height.  2 to  4 feet. 

POTENTILLA.  Cinquefoil 

A very  large  genus  of  shrubs  and  herbs,  all 

natives  of  the  northern  temperate  zone.  Height, 

2 to  3 feet. 

P.  fruticosa.  Shrubby  Cinquefoil.  A native 
shrubby  species,  of  erect  habit,  very  compact, 
and  with  long,  silky,  pubescent  leaves.  The 
flowers  are  pretty,  of  a bright  yellow  color; 
blooms  all  summer. 


P.  Pissardii.  rurplc-lcaved  Plum.  One  of  the 
most  valuable  small  trees  or  large  shrubs  with 
purple  foliage.  The  leaves  as  well  as  the  young 
shoots  are  a rich  tint  of  reddish  purple,  which 
they  retain  most  of  the  season.  Eight  to  10 
feet  high. 


Spirea  van  Houttei — Page  57 


P.  triloba.  Double-flowering  Plum.  A compara- 
tively recent  introduction  from  China,  with 
pretty  semi-double  pink  flowers  so  closely  set 
along  the  branches  as  to  resemble  a beautiful 
spike.  Height,  6 to  8 feet. 

PTELEA.  Hop  Tree 

A genus  of  small  trees  or  large  shrubs,  recom- 
mended on  account  of  their  wafer-like  seeds. 

P.  trifoliata.  Hop  Tree,  U’afcr  Ash.  A large, 
round-headed  shrub  with  greenish  white  flowers 
in  April. 

var.  aurea.  Goldefi  Hop  Tree.  A variety  of  the 
above,  with  golden  yellow  leaves,  the  color 
continuing  all  summer. 

RHODOTYPOS 

A small  genus  of  shrubs  introduced  from  Japan. 
In  general  appearance  the  flowers  resemble  those 
of  the  Kerria  or  Corchorus,  but  the  habit  of  the 
plant  is  quite  distinct. 

R.  kerrioides.  White  Kerria.  The  flowers  are 
pure  white  and  make  their  appearance  late  in 
summer.  Growth  upright.  Height,  5 to  6 feet. 


55 


RHUS.  Sumach 

The  aborescent  species  will  be  found  under  the 
heading  of  Deciduous  Trees.  The  autumnal  colors 
are  really  gorgeous  tints  of  crimson  and  scarlet. 
The  gay  leaves  glisten  as  if  varnished,  making 
their  colors  seem  all  the  brighter. 

R.  copallina.  Mountain  Sumach.  A good  species, 
with  dark  green,  glabrous  leaves.  The  branches 
and  stalks  are  downy,  and  the  leaf-stems  are 
margined  with  wings. 

R.  glabra.  Common  Sumach.  The  foliage  in 
autumn  is  a brilliant  crimson,  and  the  ovoid 
terminal  panicles  of  fruit  are  bright  purple. 

R.  glabra,  var.  laciniata.  Cut-leaved  Sumach. 
Leaves  deeply  and  numerously  divided  into  fine, 
shred-like  segments,  so  as  to  resemble  the 
fronds  of  some  delicate  fern.  The  foliage 
changes  in  autumn  to  bright  crimson. 

RIBES.  Currant 

A group  of  deciduous  shrubs  highly  valued  for 
their  fruit. 

R.  aureum.  Missouri  Currant.  Has  been  long  in 
cultivation  and  is  greatly  esteemed  for  the  de- 
lightful, spicy  fragrance  of  its  rich,  golden  yel- 
low flowers.  Fruit  is  black  and  edible. 

R.  Gordonianum.  Pink  Flowering  Currant.  A 
hybrid  between  R.  aureum  and  R.  sanguinea. 
Flowers  rose  colored  in  profuse  racemes. 

R.  sanguineum.  Red  Flowering  Currant.  A 
large  shrub  with  red  branches.  Flowers  a pur- 
plish red  or  rose  color. 

ROBINIA.  Locust 

This  small  genus  of  native  trees  and  shrubs  is 
mentioned  in  the  list  of  Deciduous  Trees.  The 
following  species  is  too  dwarf  fonthat  division  of 
our  Catalogue. 

R.  hispida.  Rose  Acacia.  A small  shrub,  2 to  3 
feet  high,  from  the  mountains  of  Virginia, 
North  Carolina,  etc.,  but  is  entirely  hardy  here. 
It  is  prized  for  its  numerous  racemes  of  pinkish 
or  purple  flowers,  and  is  highly  attractive  when 
planted  in  large  masses.  The  long,  graceful 
flower-racemes  are  quite  fragrant. 

RUBUS.  Bramble 

Perennial  herbs  and  shrubby  plants,  some  of 
which,  as  the  Blackberry  and  Raspberry,  are 
among  our  most  valuable  small  fruits. 

R.  odoratus.  Pur  pie- flowering  Raspberry.  A 

native  shrub,  with  large,  lobed,  pubescent  leaves 
and  numerous  terminal  flowers  of  a purplish 
tint.  June.  Height,  3 to  5 feet. 


SAMBUCUS.  Elder 

A genus  of  large  shrubs  of  the  easiest  cultiva- 
tion, attractive  both  in  flower  and  fruit. 

S.  Canadensis.  American  Elder.  The  great 
cymes  of  snow-white  flowers  in  June  are  ex- 
ceedingly showy,  and  the  autumn  display  of 
deep  purplish  fruit  is  very  attractive. 

S.  nigra  aurea.  Golden  Elder.  This  is  a very 
attractive  form  of  the  Common  European 
Elder,  with  bright  yellow  leaves. 

S.  pubens.  Red-berried  Elder.  A native  shrub, 
with  long  cymes  of  pure  white  flowers  in  May, 
followed  by  large  clusters  of  bright  scarlet 
fruit.  Height,  5 to  7 feet. 

SPIRAEA.  Meadow  Sweet 

A large  genus  of  hardy  shrubs  and  perennial 

plants,  the  greater  portion  being  well  adapted  for 

ornamental  gardening. 

S.  albiflora  (S.  Japonica  alba).  Dwarf  White 
Spircea.  Quite  dwarf  and  dense  in  habit,  with  a 
profusion  of  white  corymbs  of  flowers. 

S.  arguta.  It  resembles  somewhat  S.  Thunbergi, 
but  is  of  even  more  slender  habit.  In  early 
spring  it  is  a perfect  mass  of  snow-white  bloom 
on  long,  pendent  branchlets. 

S.  ariaefolia.  A very  pretty  species  from  the 
Pacific  coast.  Of  medium  size  and  compact 
habit,  with  slender  branches  and  a profusion  of 
white  flowers  in  early  summer. 

S.  Billardi.  Billard’s  Spircea.  A medium-sized 
shrub,  producing  spiked  panicles  of  bright  rose- 
colored  flowers  in  July. 

S.  Bumalda.  A dwarf  Spiraea  that  begins  to 
flower  in  June  and  continues  until  frost.  Its 
rosy  pink  flowers  are  arranged  in  flat  corymbs, 
var.  “Anthony  Waterer.”  It  is  a sport  from 
the  preceding,  and  has  beautiful  rich  crimson 
flowers.  The  bloom  is  continuous  throughout 
the  season. 

S.  Cantoniensis  (S.  Reevesii,  or  Reevesiana).  A 
shrub  4 feet  in  height;  enormous  blooms  of 
pure  white  flowers;  the  branches  bend  over  with 
the  weight  of  the  inflorescence, 
var.  fl.  pi.  Double- flowering  Reeve’s  Spircea. 
Same  as  above,  but  with  double  flower. 

S.  Douglasi.  Flowers  deep  pink,  in  dense  pan- 
icles. July  and  August. 

S.  Japonica  (Syn.,  S.  callosa).  Fortune’s  Spircea. 
A medium-sized  shrub  from  Nepal  and  Japan, 
with  flat  umbels  of  bright  pink  flowers  in  June 
and  July;  profuse  bloomer.  Almost  universally 
listed  as  S.  callosa. 

var.  rosea  superba.  Flowers  are  a charming 


56 


Spiraea  rosea  superba — continued 

shade  of  bright  rose-color  and  produced  abun- 
dantly by  midsummer.  It  is  also  more  dwarf  in 
habit  than  its  parent. 

S.  Lindleyana.  Flowers  white,  blooming  in  mid- 
summer. 

S.  prunifolia.  Plum-leaved  Spircra.  A tall,  erect- 
growing  shrub,  with  lanceolate  leaves,  and  a 
great  profusion  of  small,  very  double  white 
flowers  before  the  foliage  in  early  spring.  The 
bloom  extends  the  entire  length  of  the  branches, 
hence  the  common  title  of  “Bridal  Wreath.” 
Height,  5 to  6 feet. 

S.  salicifolia.  Willow-leaved  Spircra.  A free- 
growing  native  species  of  medium  size,  with 
crowded  panicles  of  white  flowers  in  July. 

S.  Thunbergi.  Thunberg’s  Spircra.  A medium- 
sized bush,  with  numerous  slender  branches, 
narrow  linear  leaves,  and  a great  profusion  of 
small  snow-white  flowers  in  early  spring. 

S.  tomentosa.  Hardback.  Flowers  in  short 
racemes,  crowded,  bright  rose-color,  appearing 
in  July.  Height,  3 to  4 feet, 
var.  alba.  White- flowering  Hardback.  This  is 
a variety  of  the  above,  differing  only  in  the 
color  of  its  bloom,  which  in  this  is  pure  white, 
very  conspicuous,  and  decidedly  showy. 

S.  trilobata.  This  elegant  shrub  is  entitled  to 
almost  unlimited  praise.  Of  medium  height, 
entirely  hardy,  a virogous  grower,  with  an 
abundance  of  lovely  pure  white  flowers  in  May. 
Height,  4 feet. 

var.  Van  Houttei.  Van  Houtte’s  Spircra.  This 
is  perhaps  the  most  popular  Spiraea  at  the 
present  time.  It  closely  resembles  the  above, 
but  is  perhaps  more  branching  and  drooping  in 
character.  Flowers  pure  white,  profuse,  and 
exceedingly  beautiful.  Height,  6 feet. 

STAPHYLEA.  Bladder-Nut 

A small  genus  of  shrubs,  with  trifoliate  Jeaves. 

They  bloom  in  drooping  racemes  or  panicles  of 

white  flowers,  followed  by  greenish  capsules. 

S.  Bumalda.  Japanese  Bladder-Nut.  Flowers 
pure  white,  pendent,  followed  by  two-celled 
capsules.  June.  Grows  about  6 feet  high. 

S.  pinnata.  European  Bladder-Nut.  Large,  with 
pinnate,  glabrous  leaves  and  drooping  racemes 
of  white  flowers  in  June.  Height,  10  to  12  feet. 

S.  trifolia.  American  Bladder-Nut.  A native 
species,  with  smooth,  striped  bark.  Flowers  in 
long,  pendent  racemes,  bell-shaped,  pure  white, 
in  May.  Height,  6 to  8 feet. 


STEPHANANDRA 

A small  genus,  which  has  proved  entirely  relia- 
ble and  satisfactory.  The  deeply  lobed  leaves  im- 
part a fern-like  appearance  to  the  shrubs. 

S.  flexuosa.  A medium-sized  shrub  of  very  com- 
pact growth,  with  numerous  slender  branches 
densely  clothed  with  leaves  tinged  with  red 
when  opening,  changing  to  red  and  yellow  in 
the  fall.  Flowers  in  clusters,  small,  greenish 
white.  Height,  3 to  4 feet. 

STYRAX 

Beautiful  trees  and  shrubs,  with  elegant,  small, 
drooping,  bell-shaped  flowers,  arranged  in  leafy 
racemes. 


Viburnum  plicatum — Page  59 


S.  Japonica.  Japan  Styrax.  A superb  rare  shrub 
or  small  tree  from  the  mountains  of  Japan.  It 
is  very  satisfactory  with  us,  producing,  in  June, 
a multitude  of  charming  little  bell-shaped  flow- 
ers that  are  white  and  deliciously  fragrant. 
Height,  8 to  9 feet. 

SYMPHORICARPUS.  Snowberry 

Native  shrubs,  growing  3 to  5 feet  high.  Com- 
pact in  form,  with  numerous  slender  twiggy 
branches.  Leaves  oval,  downy  beneath,  with  clus- 
ters of  whitish  flowers,  followed  by  numerous 
clusters  of  white  or  red  berries.  The  latter  are 
very  ornamental. 

S.  racemosus.  Snowberry.  Valuable  for  its 
clusters  of  immaculate  white  berries  in  autumn, 
which  remain  on  the  plant  for  a long  time. 

S.  Symphoricarpus  (S.  vulgaris) . Indian  Cur- 
rant, Coral  Berry.  A small  native  shrub,  with 
dense  clusters  of  pinkish  flowers,  succeeded  by 
numerous  purplish  red,  roundish  berries. 


57 


SYRINGA.  Lilac 

A well-known  genus  of  hardy  shrubs,  growing 
8 to  10  feet  high;  highly  valued  for  the  beauty 
and  fragrance  of  their  flowers,  which  are  in 
terminal  panicles  and  very  freely  produced. 

S.  Amurensis  pendula.  Weeping  Lilac.  When 
grafted  high,  the  long,  slender  branches  are 
exceedingly  picturesque  and  beautiful.  Flowers 
in  large  white  panicles. 


var.  Obelisque.  Panicles  large,  double,  white, 
var.  President  Grevy.  Large,  double,  blue, 
var.  pyramidalis.  Large,  semi-double  flowers. 

var.  Rubra  de  Marly.  Purplish  flowers.  Used 
for  forcing  by  the  Parisian  florists, 
var.  Senateur  Volland.  A bright  rosy  red; 
double. 

var.  Souvenir  de  L.  Spath.  Large,  purplish 
red. 


S.  Chinensis  (Syn.,  S.  Rothomagensis).  Rouen 
Lilac.  Its  immense  panicles  are  of  a rich  tint 
of  purple  or  dark  lilac  and  very  fragrant, 
var.  Metensis.  Trusses  of  a pale  reddish  lilac, 
var.  Saugeana.  Red  Rouen  Lilac.  Bloom  red- 
dish lilac  in  tint. 

S.  Japonica.  Japan  Lilac.  Found  on  the  moun- 
tains of  Japan,  where  it  attains  a height  of 
25  or  30  feet,  with  a stem  12  inches  in  diam- 
eter. Leaves  large,  deep  glossy  green;  large 
clusters  of  elegant  fragrant  flowers  appear  late 
in  the  season. 

S.  Persica.  Persian  Lilac.  A large  shrub,  with 
slender  branches  and  large  panicles  of  purplish 
lilac  flowers.  Quite  fragrant.  Blooms  in  June, 
var.  alba.  White  Persian  Lilac.  A variety  of 
the  above  with  white  flowers. 

S.  villosa.  Himalayan  Lilac.  Foliage  large,  not 
unlike  that  of  the  White  Fringe.  Flowers  later 
than  the  others,  rosy  pink,  and  in  large  panicles. 
S.  vulgaris.  Common  Lilac.  Flowers  bluish  pur- 
ple and  in  fairly  large  panicles. 

Syringa  vulgaris,  var.  alba.  Common  White 
Lilac.  The  old-fashioned  white-flowering 
variety. 

var.  Charles  X.  Large  panicles,  reddish 
purple. 

var.  Geant  des  Batailles.  Bright  blue,  single 
flowers. 

var.  hyacinthaeflora.  Large  trusses  of  double, 
lilac-rose  colored  flowers,  with  a reddish  tint  in. 
bud.  Early 

var.  Jean  Bart.  Double  claret-rose,  dark  red 
in  the  bud. 

var.  Langius.  Delicate  shade  of  lilac,  tinted 
with  fawn  color.  Late. 

var.  La  Tour  d’Auvergne.  Double,  pale  rosy 
lilac. 

var.  Leon  Simon.  Double,  bright  bluish  color, 
var.  Marie  Legraye.  One  of  the  best  single 
white  varieties;  large  trusses, 
var.  Mme.  Casimir  Perier.  Double  white, 
var.  Monsieur  Lepage.  Large  lilac-blue  flow- 
ers. 


var.  Ville  de  Troyes.  Reddish  lilac  in  color, 
var.  Virginalis.  Fine  trusses,  pure  white, 
var.  Virginite.  Double,  clear  flesh  color. 

TAMARIX 

Tall  shrubs,  natives  of  Europe,  Asia  and  Africa. 
Excellent  for  planting  near  the  seacoast. 

T.  Gallica.  French  Tamarix.  Presents  an  attract- 
ive appearance,  because  of  its  heath-like  foliage 
and  pretty  pink  flowers  in  May. 

T.  juniperiana  (T.  plumosa  and  T.  Japonica ). 
Native  of  Japan.  Bright  green  feathery  foliage, 
with  pink  flowers  in  August. 

T.  tetrandra.  It  is  a strictly  erect  grower,  with 
charming  light  feathery  foliage  and  with  rosy 
pink  flowers  during  summer. 

VIBURNUM.  Haw,  Sloe,  Etc. 

Large  shrubs  found  almost  all  over  the  world. 
Flowers  mostly  in  compound  cymes,  the  outer  row 
of  inflorescence  in  some  species  being  sterile.  In 
addition  to  the  various  Snowballs,  our  native 
species  are  well  worthy  of  extensive  use,  the 
clean,  healthy  foliage  alone  recommending  them 
to  notice.  They  flower  in  May  and  early  in  June. 
Height,  5 to  8 feet. 

V.  acerifolium.  Maple-leaved  Arrow-Wood.  A 
medium-sized  native  shrub,  with  flat  heads  of 
white  flowers  in  May  and  clusters  of  black 
berries  in  the  fall. 

V.  cassinoides.  Withe-Rod.  A native  shrub  of 
medium  size,  with  large  cymes  of  small  white 
flowers.  Berries  pink,  changing  to  blue  at 
maturity. 

V.  dentatum.  Arrow-Wood.  A tall  native  shrub, 
with  creamy-white  flowers  in  early  June.  Fruit 
dark  blue,  almost  black. 

V.  lantana.  Wayfaring  Tree.  Native  of  Europe. 
Forms  a tall  shrub,  10  to  15  feet  high.  Its 
large  cymes  of  white  flowers  are  succeeded  by 
black  berries. 

V.  Lentago.  Sheepberry,  Nannyberry.  A native 
species,  usually  a large  shrub.  Cymes  of  flowers 
large,  pure  white  and  showy,  followed  by  clus- 
ters of  round  bluish  black,  sweet,  edible  fruit. 


58 


Viburnum— continued 

V.  macrocephalum.  Large-headed  Viburnum. 
This  grand  shrub  has  immense  round  heads  of 
flowers,  snow-white  and  exceedingly  attractive. 
It  is  unusually  difficult  to  propagate,  and  conse- 
quently is  still  verv  rare. 

V.  molle.  Soft-leaved  Arrow-Wood.  A native 
shrub  of  large  size,  with  densely  pubescent 
ovate  leaves,  and  cymes  of  pure  white  flowers 
succeeded  by  clusters  of  blue  fruit. 

V.  opulus.  Cranberry  Tree.  A large  native 
shrub.  The  outer  flowers  in  the  cymes  are  large, 
conspicuous  and  pure  white.  The  fruit  rs  orna- 
mental, bright  red,  translucent  and  acid, 
var.  sterile.  Snowball.  A form  of  the  preced- 
ing, with  large,  globular  heads  of  pure  white 
sterile  flowers,  hence  the  term  of  Common 
Snowball. 

V.  prunifolium.  Black  Haw,  Sloe.  A large  native 


shrub.  Cymes  of  flowers  very  attractive,  snow- 
white,  appearing  in  May.  The  compressed 
bluish  black  drupes  are  sweet  and  edible. 

V.  tomentosum.  Hairy  Japan  Viburnum.  It 
forms  a large  shrub,  with  beautiful  cymes  of 
flowers,  the  outer  inflorescense  being  sterile  and 
very  showy.  A very  valuable  plant. 

var.  plicatum.  Japan  Snowball.  A popular  and 
exceedingly  attractive  variety  of  the  above,  pro- 
ducing numerous  globular  beads  of  snow-white 
sterile  flowers.  The  foliage  is  dark  green.  One 
of  the  finest  shrubs  in  the  catalogue. 

XANTHOCERAS 

A small  genus  from  the  north  of  China,  grow- 
ing about  8 to  10  feet  high. 

X.  sorbifolia.  Foliage  resembling  the  Mountain 
Ash.  Flowers  white,  changing  from  yellow  to 
red. 


EVERGREEN  SHRUBS 

A few  of  this  class  of  shrubs  are  only  partially  hardy  at  the  North  and  require  a somewhat  sheltered  position 
from  the  severe  northwest  winds  in  winter.  They  form  beautiful  clumps  on  the  lawn,  and  are  also  prized  as  single 
specimens.  For  hedges,  some  of  them  are  particularly  valuable  and  can  be  trimmed  to  any  desired  shape.  The  fruit  of 
some  of  the  species  is  quite  a feature  of  their  winter  beauty. 


AUCUBA  Gold  Dust  Tree 

From  Japan,  where  it  forms  a large  shrub,  with 
branches  verticillate,  and  laurel-like  foliage.  Will 
succeed  in  the  open  air  if  planted  in  the  shade. 

A.  Japonica.  Japan  Aucuba.  The  beauty  of  this 
evergreen  consists  in  its  handsome  leaves,  plen- 
tifully sprinkled  with  yellow  dots.  It  produces 
its  red  berries  quite  freely  in  Japan,  but  does 
not  fruit  with  us. 

AZALEA..  The  Evergreen  Azalea 

The  various  deciduous  forms  are  described  on 
pages  46  and  47.  The  only  two  evergreen  species 
of  value  are  described  below. 

A.  amoena.  Hardy  Evergreen  Azalea.  A small 
bushy  shrub  with  small  green  leaves,  changing 
in  winter  to  a rich  bronze  color.  In  the  spring 
the  whole  plant  is  covered  with  beautiful  pur- 
plish-red flowers.  Very  useful  as  an  edging  for 
beds  of  Rhododendrons  or  Kalmias. 

A.  Hinode-giri.  From  Japan.  Very  similar  to 
the  above  in  growth  and  foliage,  but  the  flowers 
are  of  a brilliant  scarlet  color,  more  showy  than 
A.  amoena. 

BE1RBER1S.  Mahonia 

The  evergreen  species  are  fairly  hardy  in  the 
Middle  States,  although  the  foliage  is  frequently 
injured. 


B.  aquifolium  (Syn.,  Mahonia  aquifolium) . A 
small,  spreading  shrub,  with  smooth,  spiny, 
holly-like  leaves  and  racemes  of  rich  golden 
yellow  flowers,  succeeded  by  roundish  purple 
berries  in  autumn. 

Berberis  Japonica.  Mahonia  Japonica.  Leaves 
large,  bright,  glossy  green ; flowers  in  long  rich 
yellow  racemes;  berries  bluish  black,  covered 
with  bloom.  Native  of  China  and  Japan. 

BUXUS.  Box 

A small  genus  of  evergreens,  the  several  vari- 
eties ranging  from  a low  bush  to  a small-sized 
tree.  They  are  natives  of  Europe  or  Asia  and 
readily  cultivated,  although  some  are  occasionally 
injured  by  severe  winters. 

B.  Japonica.  Chinese  or  Japanese  Box.  The 
several  varieties  are  very  handsome  and  at- 
tractive on  the  lawn.  The  following  are  among 
the  most  useful: 

var.  angustifolia.  Narrow-leaved  Chinese  Box. 
var.  latifolia.  Broad-leaved  Chinese  Box. 
var.  longifolia.  Long-leaved  Chinese  Box. 
var.  rotundifolia.  Round-leaved  Chinese  Box. 

B.  sempervirens.  Common  Tree  Box.  A very 
large  shrub  or  small  tree,  with  thick,  leathery, 
dark  shining  green  leaves.  Both  the  species  and 
its  numerous  varieties  are  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance in  gardening. 


59 


Buxus—  continued 

B.  sempervirens,  var.  argentea.  Silver-leaved 
Box.  A very  distinct  form,  with  the  foliage 
profusely  marked  with  whitish  spots  and  irreg- 
ular lines. 

var.  aurea.  Golden-leaved  Box.  Similar  to  the 
Common  Tree  Box  except  the  yellow  stripes 
and  blotches  on  the  foliage, 
var.  myrtifolia.  Myrtle-leaved  Box.  This  very 
distinct  variety  is  quite  compact  in  growth  and 
forms  a dense,  pyramidal  shrub.  The  multi- 
plicity of  small,  obovate  leaves  is  very  at- 
tractive. 

var.  pyramidalis.  This  is  the  common  Tree 
Box  sheared  in  a pyramidal  form;  very  com- 
pact and  attractive.  We  also  have  them  on  a 
stem  18  inches  high,  the  top  of  which  is  trimmed 
round  like  a ball. 

var.  suffruticosa.  Dwarf  Box.  This  well- 
known  and  highly  appreciated  old-fashioned 
shrub'  is  of  the  greatest  importance  for  edging 
walks,  etc.,  in  symmetrical  gardening,  as  no 
other  species  is  so  well  adapted  for  that  purpose, 
var.  thymifolia.  Thyme-leaved  Box.  A very 
compact,  dwarf-growing  variety,  with  remark- 
ably small,  lanceolate  leaves. 

EUONYMUS.  Spindle  Tree 

In  addition  to  the  species  of  this  genus  de- 
scribed under  the  heading  of  Deciduous  Shrubs, 
there  are  a few  important  plants  belonging  to  this 
evergreen  division.  With  a slight  protection  they 
will  succeed  in  the  open  air  in  the  Middle  States. 
E.  Japonicus.  Japan  Euonymus.  This  is  usually 
a large  shrub,  specially  adapted  to  the  vicinity 
of  the  seacoast,  and  in  sheltered  spots  inland. 
It  has  large,  thick,  leathery,  shining  foliage, 
var.  argenteus.  Silvery  Variegated  Euonymus. 
This  distinct  form  is  plentifully  sprinkled  with 
pure  white  markings. 

var.  “Due  d’ Anjou.”  This  pretty  new  French 
variety  is  curiously  marked  and  shaded  with  a 
lighter  tint  of  green. 

var.  radicans.  Trailing  Euonymus.  The  vine- 
like character  of  growth  and  the  evergreen 
foliage  adapt  it  for  many  useful  purposes, 
var.  Carrieri.  A low  shrub,  with  ascending  and 
spreading  branches  and  shiny  leaves, 
var.  variegatus.  Variegated  Trailing  Euony- 
mus. A valuable  variation  from  the  above, 
with  white  markings  on  the  foliage. 

KALMIA.  American  Laurel 

A small  genus  of  North  American  evergreen 


shrubs  with  leathery  leaves  and  attractive  flowers. 
They  require  moist,  shaded  localities,  and  well- 
drained  soil. 


K.  latifolia.  Mountain  Laurel,  Calico-Bush.  One 
of  the  most  valuable  shrubs  for  massing  in 


Kalmia  latifolia 

woods  and  shady  spots.  It  forms  a medium- 
sized or  large  evergreen,  with  smooth,  oval, 
bright  green  leaves.  The  pink  and  white  flow- 
ers are  borne  in  corymbs. 

LEUCOTHOE 

Desirable  evergreen  shrubs,  with  showy  white 
flowers.  They  do  better  in  moist  porous  soils 
and  should  be  heavily  mulched  with  forest  leaves. 
L.  Catesbii.  Cateshy  Leucothoe.  Drooping  An- 
dromeda. A hardy  shrub  with  leathery  ever- 
green leaves  turning  a pretty  bronze  color  in 
the  autumn.  Flowers  creamy  white,  fragrant. 

PYRACANTHA.  Evergreen  Thorn 

The  following  species  is  an  evergreen  shrub, 
which  is  greatly  appreciated  wherever  known: 

P.  coccinea.  Fiery  Thorn.  A low,  straggling 
shrub,  growing  to  advantage  among  rocks  and 
over  stone  walls.  It  has  smooth,  small  ever- 
green leaves  and  round,  bright  scarlet  fruit. 

RHODODENDRON.  Rose  Bay 

This  superb  genus,  which  comprises  a great 
diversity  of  named  varieties,  is,  without  doubt, 
the  most  beautiful  and  attractive  group  in  the  en- 


I 


Rhododendron — continued 

tire  list  of  ornamental  shrubs.  Flowers  in  large 
heads  of  white,  rose,  red  and  purple,  with  all  the 
intermediate  tints.  Plant  in  partially  shaded  lo- 
cation and  mulch  with  long  manure  or  leaves. 
After  blooming,  all  seed-pods  must  be  removed 
to  insure  fine  flowers  the  next  year. 

R.  Catawbiense.  Carolina  Rose  Bay.  This 
parent  of  most  of  the  hardy  hybrid  varieties  is 
found  on  mountain  ranges  from  Virginia  south- 
ward. Flowers  violet-purple,  in  large  heads. 


A Planting  of  Rhododendrons 

RHODODENDRONS,  CATAWBA  HYBRID 
VARIETIES 

The  following  will  all  prove  satisfactory  and 
hardy  in  the  northern  states,  and  are  superior  to 
the  many  doubtful  forms  that  are  injured  by  the 
severity  of  our  winters.  These  are  first-class 
plants,  with  balls  of  peaty  earth  attached  to  the 
roots,  and  mostly  supplied  with  flower-buds  for 
immediate  effect. 

Album  grandiflorum.  Blush,  changing  to  white. 
Large  truss. 

Atrosanguineum.  Intense  blood-red. 

Caractacus.  Rich  purplish  crimson;  splendid 
truss.  Desirable. 

Catawbiense  album.  Pure  white.  Quite  hardy 
and  satisfactory. 


Charles  Dickens.  Dark  scarlet.  Habit  and  foli- 
age fine.  Reliable. 

Delicatissimum.  White,  faintly  edged  with  blush. 
Beautiful. 

Everestianum.  Rosy  lilac,  spotted  with  red,  pret- 
tily fringed. 

General  Grant.  Bright  red. 

H.  W.  Sargent.  Bright  crimson;  enormous 
trusses. 

Lady  Armstrong.  Pale  rose,  very  much  spotted. 
Beautiful. 

Lady  Clermont.  Brilliant  red. 

Lee’s  Purple.  Rich  dark  purple  in  fine  clusters. 
Parson’s  grandiflorum.  Red. 

Purpureum  grandiflorum.  Fine  purple;  large 
flower  and  truss. 

Roseum  elegans.  An  elegant  bright  rose-color. 
Roseum  superbum.  Rose. 

Also  other  beautiful  varieties. 

R.  maximum.  Great  Laurel,  Rose  Bay.  A large 
shrub  or  small  tree,  with  deep  green  leaves  and 
large  trusses  of  elegant  rose-colored  to  whitish 
flowers,  with  yellowish  spotted  throats.  Found 
along  the  mountain  ranges  of  the  northern  At- 
lantic states,  where  it  forms  immense  masses  in 
some  localities,  and  always  proves  attractive. 

YUCCA.  Spanish  Bayonet 

A genus  of  mostly  tender  evergreen  plants,  with 
numerous  rigid,  spine-pointed  leaves,  and  tall, 
showy  panicles  of  white,  cup-shaped  flowers.  The 
following  species  is  entirely  hardy  at  the  north, 
and  useful  in  ornamental  gardening. 

Y.  filamentosa.  Adam’s  Needle.  Stem  short 
and  leafy,  with  green  or  glaucous,  long-linear 
leaves,  having  numerous  thread-like  filaments 
along  the  margins.  The  tall  flower-stem  lifts 
a panicle  of  creamy  white  flowers.  It  is  very 
hardy  and  fine. 


Selected  List  of  Trees 

DESCRIBED  IN 

Acer  platanoides,  var. 

» Schwedleri. 

Acer  polymorphum,  and  its 
var. 

Amygdalus  Persica,  var.  folia 
atropurpurea. 

Berberis  vulgaris,  var.  pur- 
purea. 

Cornus  sanguinea,  var.  foliis 
variegatis. 

Cornus  Spaethii. 


and  Shrubs  with  Variegated  and  Colored  Foliage 

THEIR  RESPECTIVE  PLACES  IN  THE  CATALOGUE 


Cornus  stolonifera,  var.  mar- 
ginata. 

Corylus  avellana,  var.  pur- 
purea. 

Diervilla  florida,  var.  nana 
variegata. 

Fagus  sylvatica,  var.  purpu- 
rea. 

Hibiscus  Syriacus,  var.  varie- 
gatus  fl.  pi. 


Kerria  Japonica,  var.  varie- 
gata. 

Philadelphus  coronarius,  var. 
nanus  aureus. 

Populus  deltoides,  var.  foliis 
aureis. 

Prunus  Pissardi. 

Ptelea  trifoliata,  var.  aurea. 

Quercus  Robur,  var.  Con- 
cordia. 

Sambucus  nigra  aurea. 


61 


Shrubs  Suitable  for  Planting  in  Shady  Situations 


Barberry,  European  and 
others. 

Box,  in  variety. 

Cornus  paniculata. 
Cornus  sanguinea. 
Cornus  stolonifera. 


Clethra  alnifolia. 
Deutzia  gracilis. 
Deutzia  scabra. 
Mahonia  aquifolium. 
Myrtle. 


Privet,  in  variety. 
Rhododendron. 

Rubus,  in  variety. 
Symphoricarpus  racemosus. 
Symphoricarpus  vulgaris. 


Flowering  Shrubs  in  the  Order  in  Which  They  Bloom 


APRIL 
Daphne  Cneorum. 
Spiraea  Thunbergii. 

MAY 

Forsythia,  in  variety. 
Cydonia  Japonica. 
Prunus  Pissardi. 
Prunus  triloba. 

Prunus  Japonica. 
Spiraea  prunifolia. 
Spiraea  arguta. 

Spiraea  Van  Houttei. 
Spiraea  trilobata. 
Viburnum  Lantana. 
Honeysuckle  Tatarica. 
Wistaria. 


Deutzia  gracilis. 

Deutzia  Lemoinei. 

Lilacs,  in  variety. 

JUNE. 

Halesia  tetraptera. 

Styrax  Japonica. 

Spiraea  Cantonensis. 
Spiraea  Cantonensis  fl.  pi. 
Viburnum  sterile. 
Viburnum  plicatum. 
Philadelphus,  in  variety. 
Diervilla,  in  variety. 

Lilac  Japonica. 

Lilac  Villosa. 

Paeonies,  Herbaceous. 
Clematis  Jackmani. 


Sambucus  Canadensis. 
Deutzias,  in  variety. 
Rhododendrons. 

JULY 

Spiraea  Billardi. 

Spiraea  Bumalda. 

Spiraea  A.  Waterer. 

Kerria  Japonica. 

Rhodotypus  kerrioides. 

AUGUST 
Hibiscus  (Althaea). 
Hydrangea  paniculata  grand- 
iflora. 

Clematis  paniculata. 


Shrubs  Which  Produce  Ornamental  Fruit  Succeeding  the  Flowers 


Berberis.  Bright  scarlet  fruit. 
Callicarpa.  Purple  fruit. 
Cornus,  in  variety.  Blue, 
white,  scarlet  and  red  fruit. 
Elaeagnus  longipes.  Red  fruit. 
Euonymus,  in  variety.  Scarlet 
and  red  fruit. 


Lonicera  Tatarica,  in  variety. 

Red  and  yellow  fruit. 
Mahonia.  Bluish  berries. 
Rubus,  in  variety.  Red  fruit. 
Symphoricarpus  racemosus. 
White  fruit. 

Sambucus.  Purple  fruit. 


Symphoricarpus  vulgaris.  Red 
fruit. 

Viburnum  lantana.  Dark  pur- 
ple fruit. 

Viburnum  Opulus.  Red  fruit. 


Peo  Aania  Block 
62 


Clematis  paniculata — Page  64 

VINES 

The  following  vines  may  be  divided  into  four  classes,  according  to  their  several  methods  of  climbing.  (1)  Those 
clinging  by  means  of  disk-tipped  tendrils,  as  the  Virginia  Creeper.  (2)  Those  with  aerial  roots  which  fasten  to  walls, 
etc.,  as  the  English  Ivy.  (3)  Those  attaching  themselves  to  surrounding  objects  by  means  of  a twining  stem,  as  the 
Celastrus.  (4)  Vines  with  leaf-stem  or  petioles  that  clasp  their  support,  as  the  Clematis. 

Climbing  plants  are  decidedly  useful  in  our  gardening  operations;  some  species  for  showy  flowers,  others  for 
beauty  of  foliage.  They  are  of  easy  cultivation,  but  require  attention  in  the  matter  of  training. 


ACTINIDIA.  Silver  Vine 

Natives  of  the  Himalayas  and  eastern  Asia, 
where  they  flourish  with  remarkable  vigor. 

A.  arguta  (A.  polygama ).  This  is  probably  the 
most  desirable  species.  The  fruit  is  V/2  inches 
long,  canary-yellow,  and  translucent.  The 
white,  sweet-scented  flowers,  much  resembling 
the  Hawthorn,  are  followed  by  bunches  of  edible 
berries. 

AKEBIA 

A small  genus  of  Asiatic  vines,  only  one  of 
which  is  of  sufficient  importance  for  ornamental 
use.  The  curious,  fragrant  flowers  are  composed 
of  three  thick  fleshy  sepals.  They  make  a hand- 
some show  when  in  full  bloom. 

A.  quinata.  It  is  very  graceful  in  habit,  with  at- 
tractive foliage  and  dull,  reddish  purple  fra- 
grant flowers,  which  are  produced  in  late  spring 
or  early  summer.  Fruit  very  showy. 

AMPELOPSIS.  Deciduous  Creepers 

An  important  family  of  vines,  climbing  by 
tendrils.  The  foliage  is  glossy  green  in  summer, 
turning  to  the  most  brilliant  tints  of  crimson  and 
scarlet  during  the  autumnal  season.  Panicles  of 
dark  blue  or  purplish  berries;  quite  attractive. 

A.  heterophylla.  Asiatic  Creeper . Small,  heart- 
shaped  leaves.  The  numerous  berries  are  porce- 
lain-blue; conspicuous  and  very  attractive. 


A.  quinquefolia.  Virginia  Creeper.  A very  vig- 
orous vine,  climbing  to  the  top  of  the  tallest 
tree.  Leaves  dark  green  above,  pale  beneath, 
changing  to  deep  red  in  autumn. 

A.  Veitchi.  Japan  Ivy,  Boston  Ivy,  etc.  One  of 
the  most  deservedly  popular  vines  for  covering 
walls,  masses  of  rocks,  etc.,  that  we  possess. 
The  3-lobed  leaves  are  glossy,  and,  during  au- 
tumn, in  their  radiant  dress  of  crimson,  are  re- 
markably attractive. 

ARISTOLOCHIA.  Pipe  Vine 

A robust  twining  vine,  with  large,  coarse  leaves 
and  unique  purplish  flowers. 

A.  macrophylla  (Syn.,  A.  Sipho).  Dutchman's 
Pipe.  A native  of  the  southern  United  States. 
A vigorous  .vining  vine,  with  large,  round,  kid- 
ney-shaped leaves  and  very  curious  brownish 
purple  flowers,  shaped  similar  to  a Dutch  pipe. 

CELASTRUS.  Staff  Tree 

Mostly  climbing  shrubs,  of  which  but  one  is  a 
native  of  North  America.  They  are  mainly  valu- 
able for  their  attractive  fruits,  in  the  form  of 
bright  capsules  which,  in  splitting  open,  disclose 
the  scarlet  seed-coverings.  Strong  growers,  with 
bright  foliage. 

C.  articulatus.  Japan  Celastrus.  A native  of 
Japan,  where  the  leafless  branches  covered  with 


63 


Celastrus  articulatus — continued 

bright  fruit  are  sold  in  the  towns  for  house 
decoration. 

C.  scandens.  Climbing  Bittersweet.  A native, 
twining,  woody  vine,  of  vigorous  growth.  It 
has  bright  orange  capsules  that  open  in  autumn 
and  reveal  the  scarlet-coated  seeds.  Bright  with 
fruit  until  late  in  winter. 

CLEMATIS.  Virgin’s  Bower 

This  is  one  of  the  most  useful  genera  of  flowers 
for  ornamenting  trellises,  verandas,  etc.,  while 
the  light,  feathery  foliage  of  the  small-flowered 
species  and  their  great  profusion  of  beautiful 
bloom  entitles  them  to  precedence. 

Sec.  1.  Small-Flowering  Clematis. 

C.  crispa.  Marsh  Clematis.  A beautiful  native 
species,  with  nodding,  solitary,  bell-shaped 
flowers. 

C.  flammula.  Fragrant  Virgin’s  Bower.  It  is 
vigorous,  with  an  abundance  of  small  white  fra- 
grant flowers. 

C.  montana.  Mountain  Clematis.  A vigorous 
climber.  Native  of  the  Himalayas.  Flowers 
white,  resembling  the  Anemone;  sweet  scented. 
C.  orientalis  (C.  grave olens) . A rapid-growing 
vine;  native  of  the  Himalayas;  flowers  yellow. 
C.  paniculata.  Japan  Clematis.  Very  valuable 
on  account  of  the  wonderful  masses  of  pure 
white  delightfully  fragrant  flowers.  The  vine  is 
very  vigorous ; the  best  small-flowered  Clematis. 
C.  viorna.  Red-flowering  Clematis.  A pretty 
vine,  with  elegant  little  bell-shaped  flowers  of 
bright  scarlet,  with  distinct  yellow  tips. 

C.  virginiana.  Native  Virgin’s  Bower.  A vig- 
orous vine  that  blooms  in  August.  The  large, 
leafy  panicles  of  pure  white  flowers  are  fra- 
grant and  quite  showy. 

C.  vitalba.  Traveler’s  Joy.  Native  of  Europe. 
It  is  a very  woody  vine,  attaining  a height  of 
25  or  30  feet,  and  has  large  panicles  of  green- 
ish white,  almond-scented  flowers. 

C.  viticella.  Virgin’ s-Bower  Clematis.  A native 
of  the  south  of  Europe.  Only  a moderate 
grower,  with  numerous  blue  or  violet-colored 
flowers  on  long,  nodding  stems,  produced  all 
summer. 

Sec.  2.  Large-Flowering  Clematis 
Henryi.  A grand  Clematis.  Its  large  creamy 
white  flowers  have  6 to  8 sepals.  Popular. 
Jackmani.  The  most  reliable  of  all  the  large- 
flowering  varieties.  Flowers  large,  of  an  intense 
violet-purple  color. 

Mme.  Edouard  Andre.  Violet-red. 


HEDERA.  Ivy 

The  Ivies  are  mostly  hardy  in  sheltered  spots 
and  grow  freely.  The  evergreen  leaves  form  the 
chief  attraction  of  this  old,  well-known  genus. 

H.  Helix.  English  Ivy.  A strong,  vigorous-grow- 
ing evergreen  vine,  with  large,  deep  glossy 
green  leaves. 

JASMINUM.  Jessamine 

A large  genus,  mostly  confined  to  the  warmer 
regions  of  the  Old  World.  They  are  either  shrubs 
or  climbing  vines,  with  white  or  yellow  flowers, 
generally  quite  fragrant. 

J.  nudiflorum.  Naked-flowering  Jessamine.  A 
reasonably  hardy  species,  blooming  very  early 
in  spring,  in  advance  of  the  foliage.  Its  wealth 
of  rich  golden  yellow  flowers  makes  it  very 
showy.  Although  not  a true  climbing  vine,  it 
is  excellent  for  training  over  trellises,  etc. 

J.  officinale.  Common  White  Jessamine.  Only 
partially  hardy  at  the  North,  except  in  warm, 
sheltered  situations.  It  is  a vigorous  grower, 
with  long,  slender  green  shoots  and  a profusion 
of  pure  white,  deliciously  fragrant  flowers. 

LONICERA.  Honeysuckle 

They  are  either  shrubs  or  climbing  vines.  The 
former  are  described  under  the  heading  of  De- 
ciduous Shrubs ; the  latter  only  will  be  enumerated 

here. 

L.  Fuchsioides.  Red-flowering  Honeysuckle.  A 
strong  grower,  bearing  bright  red  flowers. 

L.  Japonica  A strong-growing  climber,  15  feet 
tall;  leaves  half-evergreen;  flowers  white, 
changing  to  yellow,  often  purplish  outside,  very 
fragrant. 

var.  Chinensis.  Chinese  Evergreen  Honey- 
suckle. Unsurpassed  for  trailing  over  rocks  and 
covering  waste  places.  Flowers  white  and  yel- 
low-buff, in  great  profusion. 

var.  Halliana.  Hall’s  Evergreen  Honeysuckle. 
A very  popular,  strong-growing  and  free-bloom- 
ing variety,  fine  for  almost  any  purpose.  It  has 
beautiful  white  flowers,  produced  very  freely 
and  very  fragrant.  Subevergreen. 

var.  aurea  reticulata.  Golden-veined  Honey- 
suckle. The  leaves  are  elegantly  veined  and 
marked  profusely  with  pure  yellow.  It  flowers 
very  freely.  Subevergreen. 

L.  Heckrotti.  Everblooming  Honeysuckle.  Leaves 
smooth,  glaucous  beneath,  with  a profusion  of 
flowers  all  summer  and  autumn,  ending  only 
with  severe  frost;  color  pinkish  lilac. 


64 


Lonicera— contiuued 

L.  periclymenum  Belgica.  Monthly  Dutch 
Honeysuckle.  A favorite  old  form  of  the  wood- 
bine, flowering  occasionally  all  summer.  Red 
and  yellow,  and  exceedingly  fragrant. 

L.  sempervirens.  Red  Coral  Honeysuckle.  “Red 
Trumpet.”  Flowers  in  verticils,  scarlet,  trumpet- 
shaped. Evergreen  at  the  South, 
var.  flava.  Yellow  Coral  Honeysuckle.  “Yellow 
Trumpet.”  Similar  to  the  preceding,  but  has 
yellowish  shoots  and  bright  yellow  flowers. 

LYCIUM.  Box-Thorn 

Shrubs  or  woody  vines,  frequently  spiny,  with 
greenish  white  or  purplish  flowers  and  ornamental 
berries. 

L.  vulgare.  Matrimony  Vine.  Stems  slender, 
trailing  or  erect,  mostly  spiny,  with  glabrous 
leaves  and  purplish  flowers,  changing  to  green- 
ish white.  Berries  attractive  in  autumn,  round, 
orange-red. 

PASSIFLORA.  Passion-Flower 

A very  extensive  genus  of  climbing  vines, 
mostly  natives  of  tropical  countries.  The  follow- 
ing is  the  only  hardy  species. 

P.  incarnata.  Passion-Flower.  This  herbaceous 
perennial  has  large  3-lobed  leaves,  and  climbs 
to  a height  of  20  to  30  feet  in  a season.  Flowers 
white,  with  a pink  or  purplish  center  and  ex- 
ceedingly ornamental.  Root  quite  hardy. 

PERIPLOCA.  Silk  Vine 

A group  of  plants  belonging  to  the  Asclepia- 
daceae,  or  milkweeds,  all  inhabiting  warm  coun- 
tries, although  the  following  species  is  hardy  here. 
P.  Graeca.  Grecian  Silk  Vine.  An  introduced 
hardy  climber,  with  cymes  of  brownish  purple 
flowers  in  August.  The  foliage  is  dark  green 
and  smooth  and  the  tufts  of  silky  appendages 
to  the  seeds  are  quite  ornamental. 

PUERARIA.  Kudzu  Vine 

A hardy  vigorous  vine,  growing  40  to  50  feet  in 
a season.  Natives  of  China  and  Japan;  flowers 
violet,  blotched  with  yellow,  fragrant;  blooms 
in  early  summer. 

P.  thunbergiana.  Flowers  pea-shaped,  purple, 
blooming  on  the  older  woody  stems  in  late  sum- 
mer. 

TECOMA.  Trumpet  Vine 

Quite  a large  genus  of  climbing  vines,  mostly 
natives  of  warm  regions,  of  both  the  Old  World 
and  the  New.  They  adhere  to  their  supports  by 
means  of  aerial  rootlets. 


T.  grandiflora.  Great  Trumpet  Flower.  A beau- 
tiful species  from  China.  The  panicles  of  large 
flowers  are  pale  orange  color  and  very  conspicu- 
ous. It  is  a strong  grower,  with  bright,  glossy 
foliage.  One  of  the  most  showy  climbing  vines, 
with  its  beautiful  orange-colored  flowers. 

T.  ra dicans.  American  Trumpet  Flower.  A 
strong,  hardy,  woodv  vine,  growing  30  to  40 
feet  high.  The  flowers  are  in  corymbs,  trum^ 
pet-shaped,  scarlet,  with  veins  in  the  throat.  A 
native  of  the  United  States. 

VINCA.  Periwinkle 

A small  group  of  trailing  vines,  with  large  soli- 
tary blue,  pink  or  white  flowers  in  the  axils  of  the 
leaves.  They  are  of  considerable  importance  to 
the  gardener,  especially  for  cemetery  planting. 
Adapted  for  growing  beneath  the  shade  of  trees, 
etc. 

V.  major.  Greater  Periwinkle.  The  most  vigor- 
ous grower  of  the  genus.  The  flowers  are  pale 
blue,  very  large  and  attractive.  Excellent  for 
rockeries  as  well  as  for  vases,  etc. 
var.  variegata.  Variegated  Large  Periwinkle. 
This  distinct  and  pretty  variety  is  a rapid 
grower,  with  handsome,  mottled  leaves  and 
large  flowers. 

V.  minor.  Lesser  Periwinkle.  Much  smaller  in 
all  its  parts  than  the  preceding  species.  It  has 
very  dark  green,  shining  leaves  and  purplish 
blue  flowers. 


Wistaria  Chinensis — Page  66 

WISTARIA 

A genus  of  climbing  vines,  entirely  hardy  and 
exceedingly  ornamental  when  in  bloom.  They 


65 


Wistaria— continued 

have  pinnate  leaves  and  long,  drooping  racemes  of 
elegant  flowers. 

W.  Chinensis.  Chinese  Wistaria.  A very  beau- 
tiful popular  species,  with  racemes  of  pale  lilac 
flowers  borne  in  great  profusion  in  May.  It  is 
a vigorous  climbing  vine  and  creates  a fine 
show  when  clambering  over  trees.  The  stems 
grow  quite  large,  climb  high  and  twine  tightly. 
The  growth  is  very  rapid,  frequently  at  the  rate 
of  15  to  20  feet  in  a season. 

var.  alba.  Chinese  White  Wistaria.  In  all  re- 
spects similar  to  the  species,  except  in  color  of 
the  flowers,  which  are  white  and  borne  in  great 
profusion,  making  a splendid  show.  Makes  a 
very  pretty  contrast  to  the  species  with  its  blue 
flowers. 

var.  fl.  pi.  Double- flowering  Wistaria.  The  in- 


dividual flowers  are  perfectly  double  and  of  a 
bluish  lilac  color. 

W.  frutescens.  American  Wistaria.  Native  of 
the  United  States.  A rampant  grower,  produc- 
ing numerous  dense,  short  racemes  of  lilac- 
purple  flowers  early  in  June, 
var.  alba.  A variety  of  the  above,  with  pure 
white  flowers. 

var.  magnifica.  Racemes  six  to  eight  inches 
long  with  flowers  one  inch  across.  Color  lilac 
with  a yellow  spot.  The  clusters  are  larger, 
denser  and  bloom  longer  than  the  species. 

W.  multijuga.  Japan  Wistaria.  A rare  and 
unique  climber,  quite  distinct  from  the  others. 
The  racemes  are  immense,  hanging  in  very  long 
open  clusters  of  deep  blue  flowers,  and  making 
a charming  display. 

var.  alba.  A variety  of  the  above,  with  white 
flowers. 


ROSES 


A view  in  one  of  our  Propagating  Houses.  Roses  on  center  bench.  Evergreens  on  side  benches. 

As  the  Rose  has  always  held  the  foremost  rank  in  the  entire  list  of  cultivated  plants,  and  fairly  earned  the  title  of 
the  “Queen  of  flowers,”  we  have,  in  accordance  with  the  popular  demand  for  the  last  sixty  years,  made  its  cultiva- 
tion a prominent  feature  in  the  floral  department  of  our  establishment.  We  cannot  say  that  we  grow  every  variety 
known,  neither  have  we  the  least  ambition  so  to  do;  but  in  justice  to  ourselves  we  desire  to  state  that  the  list  we  offer 
to  our  customers  assuredly  embraces  all  the  desirable  qualities  that  any  one  can  justly  expect  in  these  lovely 
flowers.  Every  new  variety  that  promises  to  be  valuable  is  put  on  trial  as  soon  as  it  is  introduced,  and,  if  found 
wanting  in  any  of  the  requisite  essentials,  it  is  dropped  at  once  to  make  room  for  others  that  we  know  to  be  superior. 

Class  I.  Hybrid  Perpetual  Roses 

There  can  be  no  question  as  to  the  superior  value  of  this  group  of  hardy  Roses.  They  include  all  the  requi- 
sites of  perfection,  except  the  one  quality  of  being  ever  blooming,  and  even  in  this  they  are  not  entirely  deficient, 
as  some  varieties  flower  occasionally  during  the  autumn  months.  The  numerous  kinds,  especially  of  recent  intro- 

66 


Roses— continued 

duction,  embrace  some  of  the  greatest  acquisitions  to  the  flower  garden,  being  of  the  largest  size,  rich  in  color, 
and  of  delightful  fragrance.  A strong  soil  is  absolutely  necessary  to  grow  them  to  perfection,  and  frequent  appli- 
cations of  liquid  manure  early  in  the  season  will  prove  highly  beneficial.  This  class  is  the  Remontant  of  the  French 
growers. 


A House  of  Young  Roses 


Alfred  Colomb  (Lacharme,  1865).  This  fine  va- 
riety is  exceeded  in  popularity  only  by  its  pa- 
rent, General  Jacqueminot.  Flowers  brilliant 
clear  red,  large  and  full,  with  a perfect  globu- 
lar form. 

Anne  de  Diesbach  (Lacharme,  1858).  Sometimes 
known  as  Glory  of  France.  Color  clear  car- 
mine-rose, large  and  cupped.  Seedling  from 
La  Reine. 

Baron  de  Bonstetten  (Liabaud,  1871).  Very  deep 
red  and  crimson,  in  the  way  of  M.  Boncenne, 
but  larger,  fuller,  and  of  more  vigorous  growth. 

Baroness  Rothschild  (Pernet,  1867).  A robust 
grower,  but  difficult  to  propagate.  Beautiful 
clear  pale  rose,  tinted  with  white.  Very  large 
and  double. 

Captain  Hayward  (Bennett,  1894).  Flowers 
large;  color  bright  crimson,  like  General  Jac- 
queminot. 

Clio  (W.  Paul,  1895).  Flesh-color,  shaded  in  the 
center  with  rosy  pink;  of  globular  form  and 
very  large. 

Coquette  des  Alpes  (Lacharme,  1857).  Almost 
pure  white;  medium  size,  good  form.  Belongs 
to  the  Hybrid  Noisette  class.  One  of  the  very 
best  of  the  whites. 


Duke  of  Edinburgh  (W.  Paul  & Son,  1868). 
Brilliant  scarlet-crimson,  shaded  with  maroon ; 
large  and  full. 

Eugene  Furst  (Soupert  & Notting,  1876).  Vel- 
vety crimson,  shaded  with  a deep  tint.  Beau- 
tiful. 

Frau  Karl  Druschki  (P.  Lambert,  1901).  White 
American  Beauty.  Pure  white;  flowers  large 
and  full.  A fine  new  Rose. 

Francois  Levet  (Levet,  1880).  Grows  vigorously 
and  blooms  abundantly,  especially  during  au- 
tumn. Color  clear  pale  rose;  size  medium. 

General  Jacqueminot  (Roussellet,  1853).  Very 
vigorous  and  free-blooming.  Brilliant  crimson, 
large,  not  full,  but  producing  splendid  buds. 

Gloire  Lyonnaise  (Guillot  fils,  1885).  A very 
strong  grower,  blooming  in  autumn.  White, 
slightly  tinted  with  yellow  in  center. 

John  Hopper  (Ward,  1862).  Large,  full,  rose- 
colored  flowers  having  crimson  centers. 

Jubilee  (M.  H.  Walsh,  1897).  Flowers  large; 
color  bright  crimson  and  very  fragrant. 

Mme.  Gabriel  Luizet  (Liabaud,  1878).  Pale 
pink,  large  and  full.  One  of  the  best  of  its 
color. 


67 


Hybrid  Perpetual  Roses— continued 

Mme.  Plantier  (Plantier,  1835).  Flowers  white, 
very  double;  popular  for  cemetery  planting. 

Magna  Charta  (W.  Paul  & Son,  1870).  Strong 
grower,  free  bloomer  and  large  foliage.  Color 
bright  pink,  suffused  with  carmine;  large,  full. 

Marchioness  of  Lome  (W.  Paul  & Son,  1889). 
Bright  rose-color,  full,  finely  cupped,  fragrant. 

Margaret  Dickson  (A.  Dickson  & Sons,  1891). 
An  exceedingly  valuable  variety  of  strong 
growth.  Almost  white,  with  pale  flesh  in  cen- 
ter. Free-blooming  and  very  double. 

Marshall  P.  Wilder  (Ellwanger  & Barry,  1884). 
A beautiful  Rose  quite  similar  to  Alfred  Co- 
lomb.  Bright,  cherry-carmine,  larg«  and  full. 
Free-blooming. 

Mrs.  John  Laing  (Bennett,  1888).  A free 
bloomer.  Color  satiny  rose;  very  double  and 
finely  formed. 

Paul  Neyron  (Levet,  1878).  Raised  from  Victor 
Verdier,  and  a vigorous  grower.  Probably  the 
largest  flower  belonging  to  this  class.  Color 
dark  rose  ; fine  form  and  habit. 

Prince  Camille  de  Rohan  (E.  Verdier,  1861). 
Crimson-maroon,  very  rich  and  velvety. 

Ulrich  Brunner  fils  (Levet,  1882).  A seedling 
from  Paul  Neyron,  of  strong  growth,  with 
bright  cherry-red  flowers,  very  large  and  full. 

Vick’s  Caprice  (J.  Vick,  1889).  A vigorous, 
free-blooming,  very  distinct  variety.  Bright 
pink,  very  prettily  striped  with  clear  white. 
Desirable. 

Class  II.  Hybrid  Tea  Roses 

This  class  includes  some  of  the  finest  Roses  in 

the  whole  catalogue ; they  combine  the  beauty  and 

fragrance  of  the  Teas  with  the  hardiness  of  the 

Hybrid  Perpetuals. 

American  Beauty  (Bancroft,  1885).  Although 
strictly  a Hybrid  Tea,  this  elegant  Rose  is 
usually  classed*  among  the  Hybrid  Perpetuals. 
Very  large,  double,  bright  carmine-red.  Fine 
for  forcing. 

Antoine  Rivoire  (Pernet-Ducher,  1896).  Large 
and  double ; pale  rose,  orange  center  petals, 
bordered  carmine. 

Bessie  Brown  (W.  Paul  & Son).  Creamy  white, 
flowers  large,  of  good  substance. 

Betty.  Color  coppery  rose,  overspread  with 
golden  yellow. 

Blumenscmidt.  Pure  bright  yellow,  tinted  with 
rose. 

Cardinal  (Cook).  Reddish  crimson;  double, 
free-flowering;  very  fragrant. 


Chateau  des  Clos  Vogeat.  Blackish  crimson, 
almost  black. 

Climbing  Killarney.  An  exact  counterpart  of 
Killarney,  of  vigorous  climbing  habit. 

Climbing  Meteor.  Dark  velvety  crimson. 

Climbing  Mme.  Caroline  Testout.  Satiny  rose; 
strong  grower. 

Climbing  Wootton.  Violet-crimson;  strong 
grower. 

Col.  Leclerc.  Reddish  crimson. 

Cherry  Ripe.  Rosy  crimson;  free  blooming; 
very  fragrant. 

Etoile  de  France.  Red  or  crimson-velvet. 

Florence  Pemberton  (Dickson  & Sons).  White, 
shaded  with  rose. 

George  C.  Wand.  Orange  vermilion. 

Gruss  an  Templitz  (W.  Paul  & Son,  1899).  Bril- 
liant cinnabar-scarlet,  shaded  with  velvety  fiery 
red.  A very  effective  decorative  rose;  fine  for 
massing. 


Frau  Karl  Druschki — Page  67 


Harry  Kirk.  Deep  sulphur  yellow. 

Kaiserin  Augusta  Victoria  (Lambert  & Reiter, 
1892).  Pure  white,  with  a very  pale  lemon  tint 
in  the  center.  A grand  new  Hybrid  Tea. 

Killarney  (A.  Dickson  & Sons,  1899).  Buds  long 
and  pointed;  brilliant  imperial  pink.  Free 
bloomer;  hardy.  A grand  new  Rose. 


68 


Hybrid  Tea  Roses— continued 

La  France  (Guillot  fils,  1857).  Pale  peach-color, 
with  rose  center;  large  and  full,  forming  exqui- 
site buds. 

La  Detroit.  A vigorous  grower.  Pink,  outer 
petals  cream-color;  very  fragrant. 

May  Miller.  The  back  of  the  petals  copper  and 
bright  pink,  upper  surface  peach  and  apricot.  A 
very  beautiful  Rose. 

Mme.  Caroline  Testout  (Pernet-Ducher,  1891). 
An  elegant  Rose.  The  color  is  clear  pink,  and 
the  fragrance  very  pronounced. 

Mme.  A.  Veysset.  A distinct  sport  from  La 
France,  with  striped  flowers.  Sometimes  known 
as  “Striped  La  France.” 

Mme.  Valerie  Baumey.  Light  flame  with  golden 
center  shaded  salmon.  (A  golden  Cochet.) 

Mile.  Augustine  Guinoisseau  (Guinoisseau, 
1890).  Almost  pure  white,  with  simply  a slight 
tint  of  flesh-color.  In  all  other  respects  the 
same  as  its  parent,  La  France. 

Mme.  Ravary.  Orange  yellow. 

Mme.  Segond  Weber.  Rosy  salmon;  very  large 
flower;  strong  grower. 

Meteor  (Geschwind,  1887).  Dark  velvety  crim- 
son. 

Mrs.  Jardine  (Dickson  & Sons).  Rosy  pink. 

Mrs.  Robert  Garrett  (Cook).  Delicate  soft  pink, 
both  in  flower  and  bud. 

Mrs.  Robert  Peary  (Dingee  & Conard,  1898).  A 
white  climbing  Rose,  raised  from  Kaiserin  Au- 
gusta Victoria.  Large  double  flowers. 

Mrs.  A.  R.  Waddell.  Rosy  scarlet,  opening  cop- 
pery salmon. 

Mrs.  Aaron  Ward.  Coppery  orange  in  open  bud; 
pinkish  fawn  when  fully  opened. 

Magnafrano.  Deep,  rich,  brilliant  crimson.  Con- 
stant and  abundant  bloomer. 

Mad.  Abel  Chatenay.  Rosy  carmine;  very 
double. 

Mad.  Jules  Grolez  (Guillot,  1897).  Large,  full, 
bright  rose. 

My  Maryland  (Cook).  Salmon-pink;  strong 
grower. 

Princess  Bonnie.  Large,  solid  crimson;  very 
fragrant  . 

Radiance.  Rosy  pink. 

Rhea  Reid  (Hill).  Reddish  crimson. 

Richmond  (E.  G.  Hill  & Co.).  Red-scarlet;  free 
flowering. 

Souvenir  de  la  Wootton  (Cook,  1889).  A fine 
Hybrid  Tea  of  native  origin.  Color  bright 
crimson.  We  also  grow  a climbing  variety. 


Souvenir  du  President  Carnot  (I.  Pernet,  1895). 

Delicate  flesh-color,  shaded  with  white. 

White  Killarney.  A pure  white  sport  from  Kil- 
larney. 

Class  III.  Everblooming  Roses 

We  group  together  under  the  one  general  head- 
ing of  Everblooming,  all  varieties  that  flower 
freely  throughout  the  season.  It  comprises  the 
Teas,  Bourbons,  Bengals  or  Chinas,  Noisettes  and 
Polyanthas  together  with  all  their  numerous  in- 
termediate forms  and  hybrids.  As  a rule,  they 
are  not  entirely  hardy  in  the  northern  states  with- 
out protection,  but  the  dwarfer  kinds  are  readily 
preserved  by  cutting  the  entire  plant  down  in  the 
autumn  to  within  6 or  8 inches  of  the  ground, 
and  covering  with  soil  or  long,  strawy  stable  ma- 
nure. The  exquisite  buds  produced  by  some  of 
the  varieties,  and  the  delightful  fragrance  of 
others,  especially  the  Teas,  render  them  very 
popular  for  house  plants. 

Anna  Muller.  Bright  rose-pink;  blooms  in 
clusters. 

Baby  Dorothy.  Polyantha  Rose.  A new  pink 
baby  rambler;  a dwarf  Dorothy  Perkins. 

Baby  Rambler  (Mme.  Norbert  Levavesseur).  A 
dwarf  Polyantha  Rose,  with  crimson  flowers 
similar  to  Crimson  Rambler. 

Baby  Rambler  (Anchen  Muller).  Same  as  pre- 
ceding, with  pink  flowers. 

Bon  Silene  (Hardy,  1839).  Color  bright  rose, 
delicately  tinted  with  fawn,  sometimes  quite 
light.  Deliciously  scented. 

Bridesmaid.  It  is  a charming,  clear  bright  pink 
in  color,  and  much  superior  to  its  well-known 
parent. 

Burbank.  Cherry-rose;  very  free  blooming. 
Caroline  Goodrich.  Deep,  rich  velvety  crimson. 
Caroline  Marniesse.  Blush-white,  strong 
grower;  very  free  in  bloom. 

Catherine  Zeimet  (White  Baby  Rambler).  Dou- 
ble pure  white,  blooming  in  large  trusses. 
Christine  de  Noue  (Guillot,  1891).  Tea  Rose. 
Color  rosy  crimson,  center  salmon-rose;  very 
double,  large,  imbricated,  fragrant. 

Chromatella  (Coquereau,  1843).  Syn.,  Cloth  of 
Gold.  A climbing  Noisette.  Flowers  very  large, 
double,  bright  golden  yellow. 

Clothilde  Soupert  (Soupert  & Notting,  1890).  A 
beautiful  Polyantha;  white,  shaded  with  pink. 
A free  grower  and  an  exceedingly  free  bloomer, 
making  a very  desirable  and  showy  variety  for 
outdoor  bedding. 

Duchess  of  Edinburgh  (Nabonnand,  1875).  Color 
deep  crimson;  large  and  full  flower. 


■ 


69 


HQ0||S^B|0.  fcTHPMASTflMMNVaM 


Everblooming  Roses — continued 


Etoile  de  Lyon  (Guillot,  1882).  Color  rich  saf- 
fron-yellow, brighter  in  the  center;  very  large 
and  full,  blooming  profusely. 

Gloire  de  Dijon  (Jacotet,  1853).  Very  vigorous 
in  growth,  forming  a good  climber.  Color  yel- 
low, shaded  with  salmon,  very  large  and  full; 
superb  in  bud. 

Golden  Gate  (Dingee  & Conard).  Creamy  white, 
with  yellow  at  base  of  petals. 

Helen  Good.  Yellow,  suffused  with  pink;  very 
large  and  fine. 

Helen  Gould.  One  of  the  hardiest  everbloom- 
ers.  Color  rosy  crimson,  flowers  full  and  per- 
fectly double;  makes  beautiful  buds:  A cross 

between  Kaiserin  Augusta  Victoria  and  Mme. 
Caroline  Testout. 

Hermosa  (Manchesau,  1849).  This  beautiful  old 
Rose  is  almost  too  well  known  to  need  a de- 
scription. Rosy  pink;  an  abundant  bloomer. 

Leonie  Lamesch.  Polyantha  Rose.  Deep  cop- 
pery red. 


Maman  Cochet 


Maman  Cochet  (S.  Cochet,  1893).  A very  popu- 
lar variety  for  bedding  out  in  the  open  ground, 
as  well  as  for  pot  culture  during  summer.  Sal- 
mon and  clear  rose  beautifully  blended.  Large 
double  flower  and  splendid  bud  with  stout 
stems. 

Marechal  Niel  (Pradel,  1864).  Flowers  large 
and  full,  rich  deep  yellow,  with  a delightful 
odor. 

Marie  Van  Houtte.  Creamy  white;  very  free. 


Marion  Dingee  (Dingee  & Conard  Co.,  1892).  It 
blooms  continuously  all  summer  long.  Color 
bright  crimson,  large  and  full. 

Mary  Washington.  Flowers  white,  medium 
size,  borne  in  clusters. 

Mosella  (Lambert  & Reiter,  1896).  Polyantha 
Rose,  with  double  little  flowers.  White,  with  a 
yellow  center,  tinted  with  rose. 

Papa  Gontier  (Nabonnand,  1883).  Color  dark 
crimson,  with  rosy  carmine  center. 

Perle  des  Jardins  (Levet,  1874).  Straw-color, 
center  orange-yellow.  Large  and  beautiful 
buds. 

Perle  des  Rouges  (Paul  & Son).  Dwarf  Poly- 
antha Rose,  color  deep  velvety  crimson;  small 
and  double,  produced  in  clusters. 

Phyllis.  Carmine-pink,  white  center. 

President  Wm.  R.  Smith  (Maiden’s  Blush). 
Creamy  white,  pink  shadings;  strong  grower 
and  very  free-blooming. 

Reine  Marie  Henriette  (A.  Levet,  1878).  A very 
free-growing  climber,  belonging  to  the  Tea 
class.  Flowers  large  and  full.  Color  bright 
cherry-red. 

Safrano  (Beauregard,  1839).  A popular  old  Rose, 
chiefly  valued  for  its  exquisite  apricot  buds. 

Solfaterre  (Boyeau,  1843).  Large  and  full,  fine 
sulphur-yellow. 

Souvenir  de  la  Malmaison  (Beluze,  1843). 
Flowers  very  double.  Clear  flesh  color. 

Souvenir  de  Pierre  Notting.  Apricot-yellow. 

The  Bride  (May,  1887).  A beautiful  pure  white 
sport  from  Catherine  Mermet;  very  double. 

White  Bon  Silene.  Pure  white;  very  fragrant. 

White  Maman  Cochet  (Cook,  1898).  A sport 
from  Maman  Cochet.  The  white  flowers  have 
their  outer  petals  tinted  with  pale  rose  or  pink. 

William  Allen  Richardson  (Ducher,  1879).  A 
strong-growing  Noisette,  producing  freely  fine 
orange-yellow  flowers  of  medium  size. 

Yellow  Maman  Cochet.  A Cochet  Rose  with 
deep  sulphur-yellow  color. 

Class  IV.  Moss  Roses 

The  greater  portion  of  the  Moss  Roses  are  only 

annual  bloomers,  but  a few  really  good  kinds  are 

known  as  “Perpetual,”  and  bloom  occasionally 

during  the  autumn. 

Blanche  Moreau  (Moreau-Robert,  1881).  Per- 
petual. Pure  white,  large,  full,  and  of  perfect 
form,  the  buds  and  flowers  produced  in  clusters. 

Comtesse  de  Murinais  (Vibert,  1843).  Large 
and  double,  of  free  growth,  flowering  abun- 
dantly during  autumn. 


70 


Climbing  American  Beauty 

Hoopes,  Bro.  & Thomas  Company,  West  Chester,  Penna.  Memphis,  Tenn.,  May  8,  1912. 

Gentlemen  : — About  fifteen  months  ago  I purchased  from  you  a Climbing  American  Beauty  rose  bush.  I„ast  season  it 
covered  a trellis  4 feet  wide  and  12  feet  high.  After  an  unusually  severe  winter  for  Memphis,  we  found  that  not  a single 
root  of  the  reeds  was  damaged  by  the  cold.  We  did  not  cover  it  or  make  any  attempt  to  protect  it  in  any  manner  whatever. 
This  year  it  is  one  glorious  mass  of  color.  This  morning  I attempted  to  count  the  roses  and  got  past  2^,0  with  so  many  more 
as  to  make  the  job  wearisome  ; so  I quit  counting.  I should  judge  that  there  were  at  least  350  roses  in  bloom  at  one  time 
with  more  than  that  many  buds  ready  to  bloom  in  a few  days.  People  are  going  out  of  their  way  in  carriages  and  auto- 
mobiles to  pass  by  our  house  to  see  this  rose  bush  It  is  a work  of  art,  and  you  are  entitled  to  the  gratitude  of  thousands  of 
people  for  bringing  this  rose  to  public  attention.  Such  a large  number  of  people  have  asked  me  for  your  address  the  last 
few  days  that  I think  you  will  get  a crop  of  Memphis  orders  next  season  and  perhaps  some  this  season. 

Very  truly  yours,  Edgar  A.  Pettingill. 


71 


Moss  Roses — continued 

Crested,  or  Cristata  (Vibert,  1827).  Properly  a 
Hybrid  China,  with  superb  large  crested  buds. 
Free-blooming  habit.  Flowers  large  and  full, 
beautiful  rose-color. 

Princess  Adelaide  (Laffay,  1854).  Abundant 
bloomer;  flowers  of  medium  size,  full,  pale  rose 
color. 

Raphael.  A fine  autumnal  bloomer,  with  luxuri- 
ant foliage  and  very  mossy.  Color  pale  rose. 

Salet  (Lacharme,  1854).  Perpetual.  Bright  rose, 
with  blush  edges,  quite  mossy ; blooms  in 
clusters. 

William  Lobb  (Laffay,  1856).  Flowers  of  me- 
dium size,  carmine,  shaded  with  violet. 

Class  V.  Climbing  Roses 

Under  this  heading  we  group  Roses  quite  dis- 
similar in  character,  but  alPof  which  climb  freely. 
It  includes  the  popular  Prairie  Roses  and  the 

comparatively  new  class  of  Ramblers. 

Baltimore  Belle  (S.  Feast,  1843).  Flowers  very 
distinct,  almost  white,  with  a faint  pink  tint;  a 
strong  grower. 


Christine  Wright 


Christine  Wright  (H.  B.  & T.,  1903).  A strong- 
growing Climbing  Rose,  with  large,  thick,  leath- 
ery foliage;  flowers  4 inches  in  diameter;  color 
bright  clear  pink,  almost  double,  borne  in  clus- 


ters— as  many  as  fourteen  buds  and  flowers  in 
a cluster.  Very  beautiful  in  bud  and  a very  val- 
uable Rose.  It  never  has  shown  signs  of  black 
spot  or  mildew.  Hardy. 

Climbing  American  Beauty.  This  is  one  of  our 
own  seedlings,  obtained  by  crossing  the  Ameri- 
can Beauty  with  an  unnamed  seedling.  Color 
rosy  crimson,  similar  to  its  pollen  parent ; flower 
three  to  four  inches  in  diameter  and  fragrant ; 
finely  formed  on  long  stems.  Blooms  very  freely 
in  May  and  June,  and  occasionally  during  the 
summer.  The  plant  is  a strong  grower,  making 
shoots  ten  to  twelve  feet  in  a season,  and  per- 
fectly hardy.  Foliage  of  good  size,  deep  glossy 
green  color;  does  not  mildew;  is  not  subject 
to  black  spot,  and  remains  on  until  frost. 

Climbing  Clothilda  Soupert.  A climbing  variety 
of  that  good  old  Polyantha  Rose,  Clothilde 
Soupert.  Flowers  white,  shaded  with  pink;  a 
free  bloomer. 

Climbing  Hermosa.  An  Everblooming  Rose. 
Hardy  and  vigorous.  A sport  from  the  popular 
old  Hermosa. 

Columbia  (H.  B.  & T.,  1903).  Strong  grower, 
climbing  habit ; good,  clean,  shiny  foliage ; 
flower  4 to  5 inches  in  diameter.  Bud  very 
beautiful;  pure  salmon-pink  in  color,  borne 
singly  on  long  stems;  very  sweet-scented,  semi- 
double. Hardy. 

Crimson  Rambler  (Turner,  1894).  No  introduc- 
tion of  later  years  has  so  permanently  become 
so  popular  as  this  superb  variety.  It  is  a pro- 
digious bloomer,  an  extremely  vigorous  climber, 
and  the  lovely  little  double  crimson  flowers, 
borne  in  enormous  clusters,  render  it  indis- 
pensable in  the  smallest  collection. 

Dawson  (Jackson  Dawson).  Raised  from  seed 
of  Multiflora  crossed  by  Gen.  Jacqueminot.  Its 
long  shoots  are  covered  during  the  blooming 
season  with  pretty  clusters  of  fragrant,  bright 
pink,  semi-double  flowers. 

Dorothy  Perkins.  Origin,  Wichuariana  crossed 
with  Gabriel  Luizet.  Flowers  borne  in  clusters ; 
color  clear  shell-pink  and  fragrant. 

Edwin  Lonsdale  (H.  B.  & T.).  A very  profuse 
bloomer.  Flowers  quite  double,  pale  lemon- 
white,  with  a delicate  Tea  fragrance. 

Empress  of  China  (Jackson  & Perkins,  1893). 
Blooms  continuously  all  the  season.  Color  rosy 
red  or  pink;  slightly  fragrant;  medium  size. 

Greville  (Syn.,  Seven  Sisters).  An  old  Rose, 
producing  large  clusters  of  bloom,  the  individual 
flowers  being  very  different  in  color,  and  vary- 
ing from  light  to  dark  red. 


72 


Climbing  Roses— continued 

Lady  Gay.  Flowers  cherry-pink,  fading  to  white; 
vigorous  grower;  hardy. 

Philadelphia  Rambler.  An  improvement  on 
Crimson  Rambler.  The  flowers  are  larger,  more 
double  and  of  a darker  crimson  color. 

Prof.  C.  S.  Sargent  (H.  B.  & T.).  Origin,  Wichu- 
raiana  crossed  by  Souvenir  d’Auguste  Metral. 
Rich  golden  yellow  in  bud;  open  flowers  of  fine 
form,  very  double,  delicate  buff,  fragrant. 

Queen  of  the  Prairies  (S.  Feast,  1843).  A very 
vigorous  grower;  produces  large  trusses  of 
bright  red  flowers,  with  occasional  white  stripes 
on  the  petals. 

Robert  Craig  (H.  B.  & T.).  The  color  is  yel- 
low, shaded  with  apricot,  deepening  in  the 
center. 

Tausendschon  (Thousand  Beauties).  Pink  shad- 
ing to  rosy  carmine;  strong  clean  grower. 

White  Rambler  (Lambert,  1896).  It  is  a strong, 
rampant  grower,  producing  large  clusters  of 
small,  double  white  flowers  in  great  profusion. 

William  C.  Egan  (Jackson  Dawson,  1900).  This 
Rose  was  produced  by  crossing  Gen.  Jacquemi- 
not on  R.  Wichuraiana,  but  shows  no  trace  of 
either  in  its  bloom.  The  flower  is  large  and 
very  full,  clear  flesh-color.  Although  only  an 
annual  bloomer,  it  remains  in  flower  several 
weeks. 

Yellow  Rambler  (Lambert,  1896).  Aglaia  of 
former  lists.  The  large  bloom  clusters  are  com- 
posed of  white  flowers  with  yellow  centers, 
opening  pure  white. 

Class  VI.  Austrian  Roses 

We  offer  only  budded  plants,  owing  to  the  im- 
possibility of  growing  them  on  their  own  roots. 

Harrison’s  Yellow  (Harrisoni).  A slender  but 
vigorous  grower,  with  distinct  golden  yellow 
flowers. 

Persian  Yellow  (Willock,  1833).  Has  long,  slen- 
der shoots,  with  small  bright  green  foliage. 
Flowers  yellow,  double  and  very  attractive ; 
blooms  freely  on  the  wood  of  the  previous  year. 

Class  VII.  Rugosa  Roses 

A species  of  Japanese  plants  of  easy  culture  and 
entirely  hardy,  with  large  single  flowers.  Very 
handsome  in  the  shrubbery  border;  glossy  leaves, 
and  large  bright  red  seed-pods  in  autumn. 

Rugosa  (Thunberg).  See  special  list  of  Rose 
species. 


Rugosa  alba  (Thunberg).  Similar  to  the  species, 
but  with  pure  white,  single  flowers,  and  blooms 
occasionally  throughout  the  season. 

Agnes  Emily  Carman  (Carman).  Originated  by 
crossing  Persion  Yellow  on  R.  rugosa.  The 
flowers  are  very  abundant,  bright  crimson  and 
are  produced  frequently  all  summer  long. 

Conrad  Ferdinand  Meyer.  Strong  grower; 
large,  double,  full,  clear  silvery  rose. 

Dawson’s  hybrid  rugosa  (Jackson  Dawson). 
Origin,  Gen.  Jacqueminot  crossed  on  R.  rugosa. 
Flowers  brilliant  crimson-scarlet. 

Mme.  Georges  Bruant  (Bruant,  1888).  Cross 
between  R.  rugosa  and  Sombreuil.  It  has  charm- 
ing long,  pointed,  pure  white  buds.  Blooms 
freely  all  summer. 

New  Century.  Double,  pink,  with  bright  red 
centers,  borne  in  clusters  fragrant,  like  the 
Sweetbrier. 

Sir  Thomas  Lipton.  Double  white;  good  foliage; 
constant  bloomer. 

Nova  Zembla.  Delicate  flesh  color;  strong  grow- 
er; free  bloomer. 

Class  VIII.  Sweetbrier  Roses 

This  is  the  Rosa  rubiginosa  of  botany. 

Common  Sweetbrier.  Growth  very  vigorous. 
Branches  thickly  clothed  with  numerous  prickles. 

LORD  PENZANCE’S  HYBRID  SWEET- 
BRIERS 

Amy  Robsart.  Charming  deep  rose. 

Anne  of  Geierstein.  Rich  dark  crimson. 

Brenda.  Delicate  shade  of  peach. 

Flora  Maclvor.  White,  tinted  with  rose. 

Meg  Merrilies.  Bright  crimson.  Distinct. 

Rose  Bradwardine.  Beautiful  rose-color. 

Class  IX.  Species  of  Roses 

It  is  only  within  recent  years  that  single-flower- 
ing Roses  have  been  appreciated.  They  convey 

an  exceptional  sense  of  natural  methods,  and  their 

multitude  of  dainty  flowers  is  always  pleasing. 

Rose  Carolina.  Swamp  Rose.  A native  species, 
common  in  low  grounds.  The  pale  pink  flowers 
are  arranged  in  corymbs. 

R.  humilis  (Syn.,  R.  lucida ).  Dwarf  Rose.  Low- 
growing  native  species  found  along  roadsides, 
etc.  A pretty  little  plant  with  pink  flowers. 

R.  multiflora.  Many-flowered  Rose.  A native 
of  China  and  Japan;  pale  red,  single  flowers. 

R.  rubiginosa.  Sweetbrier  Eglantine.  Rather 


73 


Species  of  Roses — continned 

slender  but  rapid-growing  species.  Leaflets 
highly  aromatic.  Flowers  mostly  pink.  For 
description  of  the  newer  hybrids,  see  Class 
VIII. 

R.  rugosa  (Thunberg).  A sturdy  shrub,  with 


large  deep  green,  wrinkled,  glossy  foliage  and  a 
succession  of  bright  rose  flowers  all  summer, 
followed  by  large,  bright  red  fruit. 

R.  Wichuraiana.  Memorial  Rose.  Charming 
trailer  from  Japan;  produces  numerous  clusters 
of  white  fragrant  flowers  in  July. 


HEDGE  PLANTS 


California  Privet  Hedge 

Whether  for  defensive  or  ornamental  purposes,  a well-kept  hedge  forms  one  of  the  most  attractive  features  about 
a residence. 

California  Privet  is  the  most  popular  hedge  plant  of  today.  It  is  nearly  an  evergreen,  holding  its  foliage  until 
after  Christmas.  Is  a rapid  grower,  easy  to  transplant  and  will  make  a perfect  hedge  sooner  than  any  other  shrub. 

“Evergreen  hedges”  may  very  properly  be  divided  into  two  distinct  classes,  which  in  the  planting,  selection  of 
varieties,  and  after-management,  differ  very  essentially  from  each  other;  first,  those  intended  strictly  for  shelter,  or 
to  conceal  unsightly  objects;  and  second,  the  true  ornamental  hedge.  The  former  require  less  care,  are  intended 
mainly  for  the  unfrequented  portion  of  the  grounds,  and  frequently  need  no  attention,  except  an  occasional  clip- 
ping of  the  stronger  branches,  and  a heading-in  of  the  taller  plants. 

Among  the  deciduous  trees  and  plants  are  many  that  are  admirably  suited  for  hedge  plants;  and,  lastly,  flowering 
shrubs,  with  their  annual  wealth  of  bloom,  form  very  attractive  screens  and  barriers. 

As  a general  rule  of  guidance,  we  offer  the  following  brief  hints  on  planting.  After  thoroughly  working  the 
soil  of  a strip  at  least  4 feet  wide  and  as  long  as  the  hedge  is  to  extend,  open  a trench  through  the  middle  of  the 
strip,  and  with  a careful  person  to  hold  and  range  the  plants,  let  one  or  more  assistants  thoroughly  pulverize  and 
fill  in  the  soil  about  the  roots.  Before  setting,  dip  each  plant  in  a thin  puddle  of  mud,  and  place  evergreens  from 
1'5  to  18  inches  apart  in  the  row;  California  Privet  should  be  but  9 inches  apart;  deciduous  trees  and  shrubs,  12  to 
18  inches  apart. 

The  following  list  comprises  the  leading  varieties  of  trees  and  plants  useful  for  hedging  purposes. 

DECIDUOUS  TREES— 

English  Beech,  English  Maple,  Japan  Maple,  Crataegus  (Thorn),  Flowering  Apple. 

74 


Hedge  Plants— continued 

EVERGREEN  TREES— 

American  Arborvitae,  Hemlock  Spruce,  Norway  Spruce,  Retinosporas. 

DECIDUOUS  SHRUBS— 

California  Privet,  Ibota  Privet,  Regel’s  Privet,  Berberis  Thunbergii,  Japan  Quince, 
Deutzias,  Weigelas,  Altheas,  Bush  Honeysuckles,  Philadelphus,  Spireas,  Lilacs. 

The  Osage  Orange  makes  the  best  defensive  hedge,  but,  it  being  so  liable  to  be  infested  with  the  San  Jose  scale, 
we  do  not  advise  planting  it. 


HERBACEOUS  PEONIES 

The  value  of  this  noble  flower  is  just  beginning  to  be  appreciated.  Following  the  Rhododendron  in  bloom,  it  is 
equally  showy,  and  makes  a continuous  flowering  of  these  two  plants  for  several  weeks.  By  planting  Hardy  Phloxes 
in  the  same  bed  with  Peonies  you  can  have  a continuous  bloom  from  the  last  of  May  until  September.  It  takes  one  or 
two  years  for  the  roots  to  get  established;  they  will  then  produce  a profusion  of  flowers  which  will  increase  in  size 
and  numbers  each  year  as  the  roots  grow  larger  and  stronger.  The  tops  die  down  each  autumn  and  come  up  again  in 
the  spring.  We  have  a large  collection  of  the  finest  varieties  from  the  best  Holland  growers  and  will  be  glad  to 
send  the  names  on  application. 


HARDY  PHLOXES 

Next  to  the  Peony  the  numerous  varieties  of  Phlox  paniculata,  comprising  so  many  different  colors,  are  the 
most  beautiful  and  showy  of  all  Herbaceous  Plants.  They  are  easily  grown,  will  succeed  in  any  good  garden  soil, 
but  should  be  taken  up  and  divided  about  every  third  year  to  get  the  best  results.  We  have  endeavored  to  obtain 
the  best  varieties  we  could  select  from  the  French  and  other  growers. 


Athis.  Lilac-pink. 

B.  Comte.  Purple;  one  of  the  best  dark  varieties. 
Bridesmaid.  White;  large  crimson  eye. 

Champs  Elysee.  Rich  purple  crimson. 
Coquelicot.  Flowers  large  and  of  a fiery  red 
color. 

Eclaireur.  Purplish  crimson. 

Florence.  Pure  white. 

Henri  Murger.  Pure  white,  carmine  center. 

Inspector  Elpel.  Fine  salmon  pink  with  darker 
eye. 

La  Soleil.  Salmon-pink. 


Le  Pole  du  Nord.  White,  crimson  eye. 

La  Vogue.  Large,  silvery  rose. 

Lothair.  Large;  rich  salmon-color,  crimson  eye. 
Madagascar.  Large  mauve,  white  star  in  center. 
Marmorata.  White  and  pink. 

Miss  Lingard.  White,  light  lilac  eye. 

Mad.  P.  Langier.  Clear  crimson,  deeper  eye. 
One  of  the  best. 

Pantheon.  Large,  beautiful;  pink  or  salmon- 
rose. 

Richard  Wallace.  White,  with  violet  center. 

R.  P.  Struthers.  Bright  rosy  red,  crimson  eye. 

F.  G.  Von  Lassburg.  Pure  white,  very  large. 


HARDY  PERENNIALS 

Under  this  heading  we  group  a choice  collection  of  hardy  plants.  Good  light  garden  soil  is  sufficient  and  a 
slight  coat  of  long  manure  during  winter. 


Acanthus  latifolia.  Flowers  rosy  white;  August 
and  September;  2 feet. 

Anemone.  Japanese  Windflower. 

Anemone,  Queen  Charlotte.  Semi-double  pink. 

Anemone,  Whirlwind.  Semi-double  white.  Au- 
gust till  frost. 

Aconitum  napellus.  Long  spikes  of  blue  and 
white  flowers ; 3 to  5 feet. 

Alyssum  saxatile.  Gold  Tuft.  Yellow. 

Anchusa  Italica.  A fine  hardy,  herbaceous  plant, 
4 to  5 feet;  flowers  a beautiful  blue. 

Anthemis  tinctoria.  Chamomile.  Pale  yellow ; 
blooms  all  season. 


Aquilegia  Canadensis.  Native  species;  red 
flowers. 

Aquilegia  chrysantha.  Large  yellow  flowers 
with  long  spurs. 

Aquilegia  ccerulea.  Large;  blue  and  white  with 
long  spurs. 

Aquilegia  flabellata  nana  alba.  A dwarf  va- 
riety; white  flowers. 

Aquilegia  glandulosa.  Blue,  white  tips.  Siberia. 

Arabis  alpina.  Rock  Cress.  Flowers  white; 
early-spring ; dwarf. 

Armeria  formosa.  Sea  Pink.  Narrow  leaves; 
pink  flowers. 


75 


Hardy  Perennials — continued 

Aruncus  Sylvester  ( Spiraea  Aruncus).  Goafs 
Beard.  Tall;  white  flowers  in  long,  loose 
panicles. 

Asclepias  tuberosa.  Butterfly  Weed.  Bright 
orange. 

Asclepias  incarnata.  Beautiful  flesh-colored 
bloom. 

Asperula  odorata.  Sweet  Woodruff.  Dwarf 
flowers,  white  leaves ; very  sweet-scented. 

Aster.  Blooms  in  autumn;  very  showy. 

Astilbe  cordata.  Panicles  of  white  flowers. 

Baptisia  Australis.  False  Indigo.  Dark  blue. 

Bocconia  cordata.  Plume  Poppy.  White. 

Campanula  calycanthema.  Cup  and  Saucer. 
Canterbury  Bells.  In  three  colors,  pink,  blue 
and  white.  Flowers  single;  May  and  June;  2 
to  3 feet. 

Campanula  carpatica.  Bellflower.  Flowers  blue; 
blooms  all  season ; 6 inches. 


Campanula  glomerata.  Bellflower.  Flowers  vio- 
let blue;  June  to  August;  18  inches. 
Campanula  grandis.  Bellflower.  Large  violet 
blue;  May  and  June;  18  inches. 

Campanula  persicifolia  grandiflora.  Peach  Bells. 

Flowers  large  blue;  2 to  3 feet. 

Campanula  persicifolia  alba.  Peach  Bells. 

Flowers  white;  2 to  3 feet. 

Campanula  gigantea  Moreheimi.  Peach  Bells. 
Flowers  large  double  white;  June  and  July;  2 
feet. 

Campanula  pyramidalis.  Chimney  Bellflower. 

Flowers  blue;  4 to  5 feet. 

Campanula  trachelium.  Chimney  Bellflower. 
Flowers  large  blue;  July  and  August;  2 to  3 
feet. 

Cerastium  tomentosum.  Mouse  Ear.  White; 
very  dwarf. 

Ceratostigma  plumbaginoides  ( Plumbago  lar- 
pentce).  Leadwort.  A creeping  plant,  with  rich 
blue  flowers. 


Hardy  Chrysanthemums 


CHRYSANTHEMUMS  (Hardy) 

Ashbury.  Sulphur  white;  aster  flower. 

Bohemia.  Pure  yellow;  aster  flower. 

Dundee.  Dark  red;  aster  flower. 

Excelsior.  Orange  yellow;  aster  flower. 

Fred.  J.  Reddish-orange;  aster  flower. 

Hero.  Clear  pink;  aster  flower. 

Hyos.  Primrose  pink;  aster  flower. 

Julia  Lagravere.  Crimson  maroon;  aster  flower. 
King  Phillip.  Rosy  pink;  aster  flower. 


Queen  of  Bulgaria.  Violet  rose;  aster  flower. 
Queen  of  Whites.  Creamy  white;  aster  flower. 
Sylvia.  Scarlet  bronze;  aster  flower. 

Triomphe  d’Or.  Golden  yellow;  aster  flower. 
Windalis.  Orange  yellow;  aster  flower. 

Chrysanthemum  hybridum.  Shasta  Daisy. 

White;  blooms  all  summer. 

Clematis  Davidiana.  Shrubbery  herbaceous  va- 
riety; lavender-blue  tubular  flowers.  August 
and  September. 

Coreopsis.  Three  species,  with  golden  bloom. 


76 


Chrysanthemums— continued 

Delphinium  belladonna.  Everblooming  Lark- 
spur. Turquoise  blue;  from  June  until  frost; 

2 to  3 feet. 

Delphinium  Chinense.  Flowers  gentian  blue;  18 
inches. 

Delphinium  Chinense  album.  White  Larkspur. 

Delphinium  elatum.  Flowers  blue  with  black 
center;  3 to  5 feet. 

Delphinium,  Duke  of  Connaught.  Flowers  blue 
with  white  eye;  2 to  3 feet. 

Delphinium  formosum.  Flowers  rich  blue  with 
white  eye;  2%.  feet. 

Delphinium  cashmerianum.  Flowers  dark  blue ; 
15  inches. 

Dianthus  barbatus.  Sweet  William.  All  colors 
mixed. 

Dianthus  nanus  flora  plena.  Double  dwarf 
Clove  Pink;  mixed  colors. 

Dianthus  plumarius.  Garden  Pink.  Single  and 
double. 

Dicentra  spectabilis.  Tall,  early;  rosy  pink. 

Dictamnus  fraxinella.  Pale  purple  flowers. 

Digitalis.  Foxglove.  In  four  colors,  lilac,  pur- 
ple, rose,  and  white;  3 to  4 feet. 

Euphorbia  corollata.  Flowers  small,  white. 

Funkia.  Four  species,  different  colors. 

Gaillardia  grandiflora.  Red  and  yellow  bloom. 

Geranium  sanguineum.  Bright  red  flowers. 

Eupatorium  ageratoides.  Small  white  flowers. 

Eupatorium  coelestinum.  Flowers  lavender 
blue;  from  June  until  frost;  18  to  24  inches. 

Eupatorium  purpureum.  Joe  Pye  Weed.  Purple. 

Geum  coccinea.  Dark  crimson. 

Gypsophila  paniculata.  Infant’s  Breath.  Small 
white  flowers. 

Helenium.  Riverton  Gem.  Old  gold  and  terra- 
cotta; iy2  to  3 feet. 

Helianthus.  Sunflower.  Two  species;  yellow, 
single  flowers. 

Helianthus  multiflorus  fl.  pi.  Large,  double 
golden  yellow  flowers  in  July  and  August. 

Heliopsis  pitcheriana.  Orange  Sunflower. 

Heliopsis,  var.  semi-plena.  Orange  Sunflower. 
Semi-double  form. 

Helleborus  niger.  Christmas  Rose.  Flowers 
greenish  white,  2 to  3 inches  across.  Very  early 
spring. 

Hemerocallis.  Several  species;  yellow  and  or- 
ange. 

Heuchera  sanguinea.  Blooms  crimson-scarlet. 


Hibiscus  crimson  eye.  Flowers  pure  white  with 
eye  of  velvety  crimson. 

Hibiscus  Moscheutos.  Large  white  or  pink 
flowers. 

Hibiscus  palustris.  Flowers  large  pink. 

Hollyhocks.  Double;  all  colors. 

Hollyhocks  Allegheny.  Large  fringed  flowers. 
Several  colors;  double. 

Hollyhocks,  double.  In  five  colors,  maroon, 
rose,  red,  white  and  yellow. 

Hollyhocks,  single.  In  three  colors,  pink,  red 
and  white. 

Hollyhocks  Allegheny.  Single  mixed  colors. 

Hyacinthus  candicans.  Cape  Hyacinth.  A 
snow-white  summer-blooming  Hyacinth,  3 to  5 
feet  in  height,  twenty  to  thirty  bell-shaped 
flowers. 

Iberis  Gibraltarica.  Hardy  Candytuft.  White 
tinted  with  red. 

Iris  Germanica.  German  Flag.  Thirty-five  beau- 
tiful named  varieties.  Also  several  botanical  spe- 
cies of  merit,  including  I.  Sibirica  and  varieties. 

Iris  Kaempferi.  Japanese  species.  An  elegant 
assortment  of  colors;  25  named  varieties. 

Lathyrus,  White  Pearl.  Hardy  Sweet  Pea.  Pure 
white. 

Lathyrus  Pink  Beauty.  Hardy  Sweet  Pea.  Pink. 

Lavandula  vera.  Lavender.  Fragrant,  blue 
flowers,  1 to  2 feet. 

Liatris.  Three  species.  Tall  purple  spikes. 

Lobelia  cardinalis.  Brilliant  scarlet  bloom. 

Lupinus  polyphyllus.  In  three  colors,  blue,  white 
and  rose. 

Lychnis  Chalcedonica  fl.  pi.  Bright  scarlet. 

Lychnis  coronaria  ( Agrostemma  coronaria). 
Mullein  Pink.  Bright  crimson. 

Lychnis  Haageana.  Mixed  orange  scarlet  and 
crimson;  12  inches. 

Lysimachia  clethroides.  Beautiful  white  flowers. 

Lythrum  roseum  superbum.  Long  spikes  of 
purple. 

Matricaria  capensis  alba  plena.  Flowers  dou- 
ble white;  blooms  all  season;  18  to  24  inches. 

Mertensia  Virginica.  Lungwort.  Rich  purplish 
blue. 

Monarda  flstulosa.  Wild  Bergamot.  Red  flowers. 

Mysotis  palustris.  Forget-me-not.  Blue  flowers. 
6 inches. 

Pachysandra  procumbens.  Very  dwarf ; white. 

Papaver  nudicaule.  Dwarf  Poppy.  Yellow  and 
white. 


77 


Chrysanthemums — continued 

Papaver  orientale.  Oriental  Poppy.  Deep  scar- 
let; very  showy. 

Pardanthus  Chinensis.  Blackberry  Lily.  Or- 
ange color. 

Pentstemon  barbatus  Torreyi.  Bright  scarlet. 

Pentstemon  digitalis.  Large,  showy,  bell-shaped 
pale  flowers. 

Phlox  paniculata.  Perennial  Phlox.  See  page  70. 

Phlox  subulata.  Mountain  Pink.  Creeping,  with 
pink  bloom. 

Phlox  subulata  alba.  Similar  to  above,  but 
white. 

Physostegia  Virginiana.  False  Dragonhead. 
Pale  rose. 

Platycodon  grandiflora.  Bell-flower.  Pale  blue. 

Platycodon  mariesii.  Large,  open,  bell-shaped 
flower,  rich  violet-blue;  plant  dwarf  and  com- 
pact. July  and  August. 

Polyanthus.  Flowers  all  colors,  mixed.  9 inches. 

Polemonium  reptans.  Corymbs  pale  blue  flowers. 

Primrose  vulgaris.  Cowslip.  Mixed  colors. 

Primula  veris.  Cowslip.  Hardy  spring-flower- 
ing ; mixed  colors. 

Pyrethrum  hybridum.  Dwarf  double  and  single; 
mixed. 

Rudbeckia  fulgida.  Flowers  orange  yellow ; Au- 
gust and  September;  3 feet. 


Rudbeckia  Newmanni.  Flowers  orange  yellow; 
July  to  October. 

Rudbeckia  purpurea.  Purple  cone  flower.  July 
to  October;  3 feet. 

Rudbeckia  laciniata  fl.  pi.  Golden  Glow.  Flow- 
ers on  long  stems,  double,  bright  golden  yellow. 

Saponaria  Caucasica  fl.  pi.  Soapwort.  Double 
rose. 

Scabiosa  Caucasica.  Pale  lilac,  blue  flowers. 

Scabiosa  Japonica.  Flowers  lavender-blue;  2*4 
feet.  Blooms  all  summer. 

Sedum  spectabile.  Beautiful  heads  of  pink 
bloom. 

Solidago.  Goldenrod.  Yellow  flowers;  several 
species. 

Stokesia  Cyanea.  Flowers  lavender-blue,  2 feet. 
July  to  frost. 

Thalictrum  aquilegifolium.  Pale  lemon-color. 

Tradescantia  Virginica.  Spiderworl.  Several 
kinds. 

Ulmaria  rubra  ( Spircea  lobata ).  Purplish  pink. 

Ulmaria  pentapetala  ( Spircea  Ulmaria).  Meadow 
Sweet.  White. 

Ulmaria  pentapetala  variegata.  Leaves  striped 
with  yellow. 

Valeriana  officinalis.  Garden  Heliotrope.  Flow- 
ers old-rose  color,  sweet  scented. 

Veronica.  Spikes  of  deep  blue  flowers. 


ORNAMENTAL  GRASSES 


Arundo  Japonica.  Bambusa  Metake.  Japanese 
Cane.  Native  of  Japan.  Stems  6 to  8 feet 
long,  leaves  6 to  12  inches  long;  rich  green 
color,  nearly  white  on  under  side. 

Erianthus  Ravennae.  Plume  Grass,  Hardy  Pam- 
pas Grass.  A native  of  southern  Europe,  form- 
ing tall  clumps,  with  long,  silky  panicles  of  a 
whitish  or  violet  color.  It  is  very  plume-like  in 
autumn. 

Miscanthus  Sinensis  (Syn.,  Eulalia  Japonica ). 
This  ornamental  grass,  popularly  known  as  Eu- 
lalia, forms  a large  clump  of  long,  recurved 
green  leaves,  with  flower-stems  5 to  6 feet  high, 
var.  variegata.  Variegated-leaved  Eulalia.  Like 
the  above,  only  its  leaves  are  striped  lengthwise. 

Miscanthus  Sinensis  Zebrina.  Zebra-leaved  Eu- 
lalia. A singular  variety,  with  the  leaves  striped 
crosswise. 

Miscanthus  gracillima  univittata  (Syn.,  Eulalia 
gracillima).  Forms  large  clumps  of  long,  nar- 
row leaves,  bright  green,  with  the  mid-rib  of  a 
whitish  tint. 


Panicum  virgatum.  A native  species,  3 to  4 feet 
in  height,  with  deep  green  leaves  and  delicate 
graceful,  open  panicles  of  very  pretty  flowers. 

Phalaris  arundinacea  picta.  Ribbon  Grass.  A 
distinct  variegated  variety,  having  its  leaves 
elegantly  striped  with  white.  It  is  a low-grow- 
ing plant,  spreading  in  character. 


78 


BULBS  AND  TUBERS 


Class  I.  Hardy  Bulbs 

All  bulbs  enumerated  in  this  class  should  be 
planted  in  the  autumn.  The  soil  should  be  rich, 
light  and  thoroughly  drained.  In  planting  set  the 
bulbs  from  2 to  6 inches  deep,  depending  upon 
their  size,  and  envelop  each  in  pure  sand. 
Convallaria  majalis.  Lily-of-the-V alley . An  old 
garden  plant,  with  numerous  small  white  bells. 
Crocus.  One  of  the  eailiest  of  our  spring  flowers. 
Galanthus  nivalis.  Snowdrop . The  earliest  of 
our  spring  flowers.  Pure  white  bells.  Very 
dwarf.  Single  and  double. 

Hyacinths,  Single  and  Double.  Named  varieties 
and  assorted  colors. 

Jonquils.  Blooms  early.  Yellow,  fragrant; 
dwarf. 

Lilium.  The  queen  of  bulbs.  The  following 
Lilies  are  all  hardy,  bloom  freely,  and  are  easily 
grown. 

L.  auratum.  Golden-banded  Lily.  From  Japan. 
Large  white,  with  maroon  spots  and  yellow 
bands  down  the  center  of  each  petal. 

L.  superbum.  Native.  Beautiful,  rich  orange- 
spotted,  pendent  flowers. 

L.  speciosum  rubrum  (L.  lancifolium).  A fine 
Japan  species.  White  with  rose-colored  spots. 
Large  flowers. 

L.  speciosum  album.  A variety  of  the  above, 
with  pure  white  bloom. 

L.  speciosum  melpomene.  A variety  of  L.  spe- 
ciosum rubrum;  richer  in  color  and  much  larger 
in  size  with  erect  stems. 

Lilium  tigrinum.  Tiger  Lily.  Orange-spotted 
bloom. 


L.  umbellatum.  Bright  red,  with  small  black 
spots.  Very  distinct. 

Narcissus.  Flowers  with  beautiful  tints  of  yel- 
low and  orange. 

Tulips,  Single,  Double  and  Parrot.  A splendid 
collection,  embracing  all  colors.  Named  or 
mixed. 

Class  II.  Tender  Bulbs 

Bulbs  in  this  class  should  be  planted  in  the 

spring. 

Cannas.  Strong-growing  plants,  unexcelled  for 
sub-tropical  bedding.  Several  splendid  va- 
rieties named. 

Colocasia  esculenta.  Robust,  with  enormous 
leaves. 

Dahlias.  We  offer  a complete  collection  of  both 
single  and  double,  large  and  small-flowering 
kinds.  28  named  varieties. 

Gladiolus.  Summer-blooming  bulbs  of  every  im- 
aginable color.  A choice  set  of  named  as  well 
as  mixed  kinds. 

Tigridia.  Tiger  Flower.  Excellent  for  bedding. 

Tigridia  conchiflora.  Yellow. 

Tigridia  grandiflora.  Red. 

Tritoma.  Ofter  called  Red-Hot  Poker  Plant,  in 
allusion  to  its  large  orange-scarlet  spikes  of 
flowers. 

Tuberoses,  Double  Italian.  Very  popular  for  its 
spikes  of  creamy  white  fragrant  flowers. 

Tuberoses,  Pearl.  A newer  variety,  dwarfer  in 
growth. 


79 


INDEX 


PAGE 

Abies 24,  25 

Acer 33,  34.  45 

Actinidia 63 

Adam's  Needle  . . . . 61 

JEsculus 34,  46 

Ailanthus 34 

Akebia 63 

Alder 46 

Alder,  Black 53 

Alder,  White  48 

Almond 18 

Alnus  ...  ....  46 

Althaea 52 

Atnelanchier 34,  46 

Amorpha 46 

Ampelopsis 63 

Andromeda 54,  55 

Angelica  Tree 46 

Apple,  Flowering  . . .39,40 

Apples .2,  7 

Apricots 17 

Aralia 46 

Arborvitse 31,  32 

Aristolochia 63 

Arrow-wood 58 

Ash  38 

Asparagus  22 

Aucuba 59 

Azalea 46,  47,  59 

Balm  of  Gilead 41 

Barberry 47 

Basswood 44 

Bayberry 54 

Beech 37 

Berberis 47,59 

Betula 34, 35 

Birch 34,  35 

Bittersweet,  Climbing  . . 64 

Blackberries 20,  21 

Black  Jack  Oak 42 

Bladdernut 57 

Box  . 59,  60 

Box  Thorn 65 

Brambl  e 56 

Broussonetia 35 

Buddelia 47 

Bulbs  and  Tubers  . . .79 

Burning  Bush 51 

Butneria 47 

Button  Bush 48 

Butternut 18 

Buxus 59,  60 

Calico  Bush 60 

Callicarpa 47 

Calycanthus  47 

Caragana  . 47,  48 

Carpinus 35 

Caryopteris 48 

Catalpa 35 

Ceanothus 48 

Cedar 25 

Cedar,  Japan  .......  27 

Cedar,  Red 28 

Cedrus  25 

Celastrus 63,  64 

Celtis  35 

Cephalanthus 48 

Cerasus  36 

Cercidiphyllum  ...  .36 

Cercis 36,  48 

Chamsecyparis  . . 25,  26,  27 

Cherries 16,  17 

Cherry,  Flowering  ....  36 

Chionanthus 36 

Cinquefoil 55 

Citrus 48 

Cladrastis 36 

Clematis 64 

Clethra 48 

Clover,  Bush 53 

Colutea  48 

Comptonia 49 

Coral  Berry 57 

Corchorus 53 

Cornelian  Cherry  ....  49 

Cornus 36, 49 

Corylus 49 

Cottonwood 41,  42 

Crab-Apple,  Flowering  39,40 


PAGE 

Crab-Apples 7 

Cranberry  Tree 59 

Crataegus  . 37 

Cryptomeria 27 

Cucumber  Tree  ...  39 

Currants 21 

Currant,  Flowering  . . 56 

Cydonia 49 

Cypress,  Deciduous  ...  44 

Daphne 49,  5° 

Deciduous  Trees  . .33,  45 

Deutzia 50 

Diervilla 50 

Dimorphanthus  . . .50,  51 

Diospyros  37 

Dirca 51 

Dogwood 36,  49 

Dutchman’s  Pipe  Vine  . . 63 
Klseagnus  ...  ...  51 

Elder 56 

Elm 44,  45 

Empress  Tree  . . . . 40,  41 

Euonymus 51,  60 

Evergreens 24,  33 

Exochorda 51 

Fagus  37 

Fetter  Bush 55 

Filbert 18  49 

Fir 24,  25 

Forsythia 51,  52 

Fraxinus  . 38 

Fringe  Tree 36 

Fruit  Department  . . . 2,  22 

Ginkgo 38 

Globe  Flower 53 

Gold  Dust  Tree 59 

Golden  Bell 51,  52 

Golden  Chain 38 

Gooseberries 21 

Grapes 19,  2 > 

Grasses,  Ornamental  . . 78 

Gymnocladus 38 

Hackberry 35 

Halesia  40 

Hamamelis 52 

Hardhack 57 

Haw 58,  59 

Hazel ....  49 

Hedera 64 

Hedge  Plants 74,  75 

Hemlock 32,  33 

Hercules’  Club 46 

Hibiscus 52 

.Hills  of  Snow 52 

Holly  53 

Honeysuckle 64,  65 

Honeysuckle,  Bush  ...  54 
Honeysuckle,  False  . 46,  47 
Honeysuckle,  Swamp  . . 47 
Honeysuckle,  Wild  ...  47 

Hop  Tree 55 

Hornbeam 35 

Horse-Chestnut  . . . . 34,  46 

Hydrangea 52,  53 

Hypericum 53 

Hex 53 

Indian  Bean 35 

Indian  Currant  ■ • • 57 

Indigo  False  46 

Itea  53 

Ivy,  Boston  63 

Ivy  English 64 

Ivy,  Japan 63 

Jasminum 53,  64 

Jessamine 53,  64 

Judas  Tree 36,  48 

Juneberry 46 

Juniper 27,  28 

Juniperus 27,  28 

Kadsura  Tree 36 

Kalmia 60 

Kentucky  Coffee  Tree  . . 38 

Kerri  a 53 

Kerria,  White 55 

Koelreuteria 38 

Kudzu  Vine 65 

Eaburnum 38 

Earch 38 

Earix 38 


Eaurel,  American  ....  60 

Eaurel,  Great 61 

Eaurel,  Mountain  ....  60 

Eeatherwood  51 

Eespedeza 53 

Eeucothoe 60 

Eigustrum 54 

Eilac 58 

Dime  Tree 44 

L,inden 44 

Iyiquidambar 38 

Eiriodendron 38 

Eocust 43,  56 

Eon:cera 54,  64,  65 

Eycium  65 

Magnolia  39 

Mahonia 59 

Maidenhair  Fern  Tree  . . 38 

Malus 39,  40 

Maple 33,  34,  45 

Matrimony  Vine 65 

Meadow  Sweet  . . . . 56,  57 

Mist  Tree 43 

Mock  Orange 55 

Mohrodendron 40 

Morus  40 

Mountain  Ash  . . . . 43,  44 

Mulberries 18,  40 

Mulberry,  French  ....  47 
Mulberry,  Paper  ....  35 

Myrica ...  54 

Nanny  berry 58 

Nectarines  17,  18 

Nut-bearing  Trees  ....  18 

Nyssa 40 

Oak 42 

Oleaster  51 

Opulaster 54 

Opulus,  Wild 54 

Orange,  Japan 48 

Oxydendrum  54 

Pae'onia 54,  55,  75 

Pagoda  Tree 43 

Passiflora 65 

Passion  Flower  ....  65 

Paulownia 40,  41 

Peach,  Flowering  ....  41 

Peaches 10,  13 

Pearl  Flower  , 51 

Pears 8,  10 

Pear,  Weeping 42 

Pea,  Siberian 47 

Pecan 18 

Perennials,  Hardy  . . 75,  78 
Peonies,  Herbaceous  ...  75 

Peony 54 

Periploca 65 

Periwinkle  ...  ....  65 

Persica  41 

Persimmon 37 

Philadelphia 55 

Phloxes 75 

Picea 28,  29 

Pieris, 55 

Pine 29,  30 

Pinus 29,  30 

Pipe  Vine  63 

Plane  Tree 41 

Plantanus 41 

Plum.  Flowering  . . . . 55 

Plums 14,  16 

Poplar 41,  42 

Populus 41,  42 

Potentilla 55 

Privet 54 

Prunus i ....  55 

Pseudotsuga 30 

Ptelea 55 

Pueraria 65 

Pyracantha 60 

Pyrus 42 

Quercus 42 

Quince,  Flowering  ....  49 

Quinces 18 

Raspberries 20 

Raspberry,  Purple-flower- 
ing . . .' 56 

Red-Bud 36-48 

Red  Root 48 


PAGE 

Retinospora  ....  25,  26,  27 
Rhododeudron  . . . . 60,  61 

Rhodotypos .55 

Rhubarb 22 

Rhus 42.  43,  56 

Ribes 56 

Robinia . 43,  56 

Rose  Acacia 56 

Rose  Bay .-60,  61 

Roses 66,  74 

Rubus 56 

Salix 43 

Sambucus 56 

Sassafras 43 

Sciadopitys  30 

Senna,  Bladder 48 

Service  Berry 34 

Sheepberry 58 

Shellbark 18 

Shrubs,  Deciduous  . . 45,  59 
Shrubs  Evergreen  . . 59  61 

Silk  Vine 65 

S;lver  Bell 40 

Silver  Vine 63 

Sloe 58,  59 

Smoke  Tree 43 

Snowball 59 

Snowberry 57 

Snowdrop  Tree 40 

Sophora 43 

Sorbus 43,  44 

Sorrel  Tree 54 

Sourwood 54 

Sour  Gum  40 

Spanish  Bayonet 61 

Spindle  Tree 51,  60 

Spiraea  .......  56,  57 

Spiraea,  Blue 48 

Spraying  Calendar  ....  23 

Spruce 28,  29,  30 

Staff  Tree 63,  64 

Stagger  Bush 55 

Staphylea 57 

Stephanandra 57 

St.  John’s  Wort 53 

Strawberry  Bush 51 

Styrax 57 

Sumac 42,  43,  56 

Sweet  Bay 39 

Sweet  Kern 49 

Sweet  Gale 54 

Sweet  Gum 38 

Symphoricarpos  .....  57 

Syringa 58 

Tamarix 58 

Taxodium 44 

Taxus 30 

Tecoma  65 

Thorn 37 

Thorn,  Evergreen  ....  60 

Thuya 31,32 

T ilia 44 

Traveler’s  Joy 64 

Tree  of  Heaven 34 

Trumphet  Vine 65 

Tsuga 32,  33 

Tulip  Tree 38 

Tupelo 40 

Ulmus 44, 45 

Umbrella  Pine 30 

Umbrella  Tree 39 

Viburnum 58,59 

Vinca 65 

Vines 63,  66 

Virginia  Creeper 63 

Virgin’s  Bower 64 

Wafer  Ash 55 

Walnut 18 

Wax  Myrtle 54 

Wayfaring  Tree 58 

Weigela 50 

Willow 43 

Wineberry 20 

Wistaria  .' 65,  66 

Witch  Hazel 52 

Withe-rod 58 

Xanthoceras 59 

Yellow-wood 36 

Yew 30 

Yucca 61 


Press  of  The  Eeeds  & Biddle  Co.,  Philadelphia 


ahr  suit  is  bright,— thr  air  is  rlrar, 

CTljr  hurting  sutallnuis  soar  atth  sing, 
Auh  front  thr  statrlg  rims  H hrar 
(Ihr  blnr-birh  groghrsifittg  firing. 

Cangfrllntu.