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Full text of "New twentieth century peaches bred and tested in New Jersey, 1938-1939 / Propagated and distributed by the New Jersey Peach Council."

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Historic,  archived  document 

Do  not  assume  content  reflects  current 
scientific  knowledge,  policies,  or  practices. 


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ed  and  Tested  in  New  J 


Goldeneast 


Propagated  and  Distrib 


EW  JERSEY 


NEW  BRUNSWICia  N 


TH 


H  COUNCIL 


IwintiQtlt  ^entu 


OFFICERS  AND  DIRECTORS 

OF 

THE  NEW  JERSEY  PEACH  COUNCIL,  INC. 


CHARLES  D.  BARTON,  Tice -Pres. 
Marl  ton 


LESTER  COLLINS,  Pres. 
Moorestown 


ARTHUR  J.  FARLEY,  S^ec'y  tf- 
New  Brunswick 


Trecis. 


DIRECTORS 


J*VCK  ECKHARDT,  Hanimonton 
HARRY  F.  HALL,  Moorestown 
ROBERT  P.  HULSART,  Manasquan 

BYRON  T. 


WILLIAM  T.  MADARA,  Richwood 
LATON  M.  PARKHURST,  Hanimonton 
ERNEST  S.  RACE,  Belvidere 
ROBERTS,  Marlton 


The  Peach  Council  Examining  Trees  and  Fruit  of  the  Garden  State  Nectarine 


New  Commercial  Peach  Varieties 
and  One  N  ew  Nectarine 


IRIOGEM 

SUNHIGH 

SUMMERCRESI 


NEWDAY  GOLDEN  GLOBE 

GOLDENEASI 

AFIERGLOW  GARDEN  SIAIE 

(NECTARINE) 


The  Be3innin3  of  a  New  Era  in  Peach 
and  Nectarine  Varieties 


T1  le  old  varieties  of  peaches  such  as 
Greensboro,  Carman,  Champion,  and 
Early  Crawford  no  longer  meet  modern 
requirements.  The  demand  today  is  for 
large,  red  all  over,  firm,  attractive  fruits 
that  are  as  sleek  and  trim  as  a  racehorse. 
Fruits  blanketed  to  their  “chins”  in  fuzz 
or  peaches  which  are  hard  today  and 
mush  tomorrow  are  not  wanted.  The 
public  wants  peaches  first  of  all  that  look 
appetizing  and  Inscions  and  then  prove 
to  be  as  good  as  they  look. 

Since  1914,  the  New  Jersey  Agricultural 
Exi)eriment  Station  at  New  Brunswick 
has  been  condneting  extensive  breeding 
work  with  peaches  to  obtain  varieties 
that  will  meet  the  modern  public  demand 
and  to  replace  old  varieties  like  Greens¬ 
boro,  Carman,  Champion,  Slappey,  and 
the  Crawfords  which  are  no  longer  profit¬ 
able  in  New  Jersey. 

Beginning  in  1925,  trees  of  named 
varieties  from  this  breeding  work  were 
available  for  commercial  planting. 

A  recent  survey  (1938)  by  the  New 
Jersey  State  Department  of  Agriculture 
reveals  that  in  a  period  of  about  eleven 
years  one  of  the  New  Jersey  Station  intro¬ 
ductions,  namely.  Golden  Jubilee,  is  now 
the  third  ranking  variety  in  the  state  in 
total  number  of  trees  of  all  ages.  It  is  ex¬ 
ceeded  in  number  of  trees  only  by  Elherta 
and  J.  H.  Hale.  Goldeneast,  another  new 
introduction,  is  the  fifth  leading  variety 


in  the  state  and  two  others,  namely,  Sinn- 
niercrest  and  Eclipse  are  included  in  the 
first  twelve.  The  latest  trends  in  the  popu¬ 
larity  of  varieties  are,  however,  indicated 
by  the  number  of  trees  of  the  different 
varieties  that  have  been  planted  within 
the  past  three  years.  The  recent  state 
survey  shows  that  seven  out  of  the  ten 
leading  varieties  were  bred  by  the  New 
Jersey  Station. 

The  first  varieties  bred,  named,  and 
introduced  by  the  Station  about  1925, 
including  Rosebud,  Marigold,  Sunbeam, 
Oriole,  Golden  Jubilee,  Cumberland, 
Eclipse,  and  Amhergem  as  a  group,  far 
exceeded  the  old  standard  varieties  which 
they  replaced.  Varieties  which  are  now 
being  named  and  introduced  during  what 
may  he  termed  the  second  decade  of 
breeding  show  a  marked  advance  over 
the  previous  introductions.  This  is  espe¬ 
cially  true  with  regard  to  fruit  size,  firm¬ 
ness  of  flesh,  slow  rate  of  ripening,  high 
edible  quality  and  reduction  in  fuzziness. 
The  new  varieties  such  as  Triogem, 
Golden  Globe  and  Goldeneast  not  only 
rival  the  Crawfords  in  quality  as  grown 
in  New  Jersey  but  exceed  them  in  size, 
firmness  of  flesh  and  all  around  attrac¬ 
tiveness  for  modern  markets.  It  was  un¬ 
believable  a  few  years  ago  that  such  high 
quality  peaches  could  he  developed  that 
would  ripen  in  New  Jersey  as  early  as 
August  1st. 


The  New  Jersey  Peach  Council 


The  actual  breeding  of  a  new  variety 
of  peach  is  the  first  step  in  the  improve¬ 
ment  of  saleable  fruit  for  the  market. 
The  second  step  is  the  propagation  and 
distribution  of  the  variety  true-to-name 
to  practical  growers,  and  its  successful 
commercial  culture  and  marketing. 

The  New  Jersey  Agricultural  Experi¬ 


ment  Station  and  the  New  Jersey  State 
Horticultural  Society  realized  in  1928 
that  some  cooperative  organization  was 
necessary  to  insure  to  the  peach  growers 
of  the  state  the  practical  benefits  of  the 
peach  breeding  work.  An  organization  of 
commercial  growers  was  therefore  formed 
in  1928  and  incorporated  under  the  name 


1 


THE  BEGINNING  OF  A  NEW  ERA  IN  PEACH  AND  NECTARINE  VARIETIES 


of  the  New  Jersey  Peach  Coimcil.  The 
two  chief  ohjectives  of  this  organization 
are:  1.  To  encourage  and  support  the 
scientific  breeding  of  better  varieties  of 
peaches  at  the  New  Jersey  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station,  and  2.  To  provide  a 
dependable  and  satisfactory  means  of 

Trees  Now 

Following  a  decade  of  selection  and 
commercial  testing,  the  Peach  Council 
now  has  available  for  planting  a  supply 
of  trees  of  seven  new  peaches  and  one 
new  nectarine.  Fruits  of  all  of  the  varie¬ 
ties  have  been  offered  for  sale  in  both 
retail  and  wholesale  markets,  and  they 


propagating  and  distributing  trees  of 
worthy  new  varieties  to  growers  in  order 
to  insure  to  them  the  greatest  possible 
benefits  of  the  breeding  program. 

All  nursery  trees  offered  to  growers 
are  propagated  in  cooperation  with  the 
Princeton  Nurseries,  Princeton,  N.  J. 

Available 

have  consistently  outsold  the  fruits  of 
such  old  varieties  as  Carman  and  Slappey 
and  even  Elberta  in  many  instances.  A 
new  era  in  high  quality  edible  peaches  is 
at  hand.  You  cannot  be  behind  the  times 
in  the  selection  of  varieties  and  expect  to 
remain  in  the  peach  business. 


It  Will  Pay  to  Buy  Good  New  Varieties 


The  old  quick  softening  “wastey”  varie¬ 
ties  are  no  longer  profitable.  A  new  va¬ 
riety  which  has  not  been  commercially 
tested  for  several  years  in  more  than  one 


environment  is  just  a  gamble.  It  costs 
too  much  money  to  plant  and  bring  an 
acre  of  peach  trees  to  bearing  age  to  have 
them  prove  to  be  “duds.” 


Good  Varieties 

Large,  high-colored,  firm,  good  quality 
peaches  this  year  have  sold  from  $0.25  to 
more  than  $1.00  per  bushel  wholesale 
above  old  varieties  such  as  Carman  and 


are  Worth  More 

Slappey.  Trees  of  the  latter  varieties 
would  be  costly  as  a  gift  and  they  will 
become  more  and  more  difficult  to  sell 
each  year. 


Well  Grown,  H  ealthy.  Vigorous  Trees  are  Worth  More 


Under  modern  practices,  approximately 
one  hundred  or  a  few  more  or  less  peach 
trees  are  planted  to  the  acre.  An  addi¬ 
tional  cost  of  a  few  cents  per  tree  often 
discourages  some  growers  from  the  pur¬ 
chase  of  high  class  stock.  However,  if  the 
difference  in  price  represents  a  better 
source  of  hud  wood,  a  better  and  more 


uniform  source  of  root  stock  and  better 
handling  of  trees,  it  is  cheap  insurance. 
When  small,  weak,  root  mutilated,  or 
partly  dried  out  peach  trees  are  pur¬ 
chased,  the  loss  in  dead  and  weak  trees 
is  sometimes  as  iiigh  as  ten  per  cent.  The 
grower  is  not  only  faced  with  the  trouble 
of  replanting,  hut  also  with  an  irregular 


2 


THE  BEGINNING  OF  A  NEW  ERA  IN  PEACH  AND  NECTARINE  VARIETIES 


orchard  from  the  very  hegiiiiiiiig.  Re¬ 
plants  also  increase  the  danger  of  obtain¬ 
ing  trees  imtrue-to-name. 

Even  if  all  the  nursery  trees  planted 
actually  live  hut  make  a  poor  growth,  the 
fact  that  the  trees  require  an  extra  sea¬ 
son  or  two  of  growth  before  attaining 
profitable  hearing  is  often  very  costly. 
Modern  competition  in  the  peach  busi¬ 


ness  has  increased  the  importance  to  the 
grower  of  obtaining  vigorous,  healthy, 
medium  to  large,  high  class  trees  in  order 
to  insure  a  uniform  and  maximum  growth 
as  soon  as  the  trees  are  planted.  One  can¬ 
not  afford  to  lose  a  year  or  more  of  time 
in  the  development  of  a  commercial 
peach  orchard  and  besides  a  vigorous 
growth  is  a  more  healthy  growth. 


Brief  Accurate  Facts  About  the  Varieties 


Superlatives  and  gaudy  “circus  poster” 
pictures  are  sometimes  used  in  an  attempt 
to  sell  fruit  trees.  This  catalog  attempts 
to  describe  the  new  varieties  as  practical 
growers  would  discuss  them  when  anxious 
to  learn  their  true  worth. 

The  parentage  of  each  variety,  the 
flower  type,  the  set  of  fruit  buds,  and  the 
approximate  date  of  ripening  in  compari¬ 
son  with  Elberta  are  given  in  tabular 
form  at  the  back  for  convenience  in  mak¬ 
ing  comparisons  between  varieties.  The 


peach  varieties  are  described  in  the  ap¬ 
proximate  order  of  ripening. 

No  claim  is  made  that  the  new  varieties 
described  in  this  catalog  are  any  more  re¬ 
sistant  to  the  common  peach  diseases  than 
the  older  commercial  varieties  such  as 
Elberta.  Such  diseases  as  peach  scab  and 
brown  rot  attack  all  varieties  to  some  de¬ 
gree.  One  should  expect  that  it  will  re¬ 
quire  as  good  cultural  skill  to  grow  the 
new  varieties  as  it  does  the  old.  Give 
them  good  care. 


Triogem  (N.  J.  70) 


An  early,  oval,  red  all  over,  firm,  yellow 
freestone  peach,  ripening  about  two  days 
later  than  Golden  Jubilee  or  at  least  20 
to  25  days  before  Elberta.  It  colors  well 
even  in  the  center  of  the  tree  while  it  is 
still  firm.  It  ripens  slowly  and  hangs  to 
the  tree  even  after  it  becomes  firm  ripe. 
It  is  a  better  shipping  peach  than  Golden 
Jubilee  and  it  has  more  red  color.  The 
fruits  may  be  smaller  than  those  of 
Jubilee  but  the  cheeks  round  out  well 
and  the  edible  quality  is  high.  There  is 
no  complaint  by  either  growers  or  dealers 
about  its  firmness  or  appearance.  The 
pubescence  is  short  and  no  “defuzzing” 
machine  is  required  to  make  it  look  at¬ 
tractive.  No  commercial  variety  now  of¬ 
fered  at  its  season  compares  with  it  in 
“all-around”  fruit  qualities. 


The  trees  are  medium  in  size  and  com¬ 
pactness  and  succeeded  better  than  some 
varieties  where  a  combination  of  phos¬ 
phorus,  nitrogen  and  potash  deficiency 
occurred  in  one  orchard  in  New  Jersey. 
The  trees,  however,  require  good  peach 
soil  and  good  culture. 

The  variety  is  as  hardy  or  a  little 
hardier  than  J.  H.  Hale  in  the  dormant 
state.  The  opening  buds  and  flowers  have 
resisted  unfavorable  weather  conditions 
very  well.  If  only  a  small  percentage  of 
the  bud  set  develops  into  fruits  it  “makes” 
a  crop. 

In  most  seasons  in  New  Jersey  the  trees 
will  require  early  and  thorough  thinning. 

A  colored  cut  of  the  variety  is  priirted 
upon  the  hack  cover. 


3 


BRIEF  ACCURATE  FACTS  ABOUT  THE  VARIETIES 


Newday  (N.  J.  79) 

All  early  commercial  yellow  peach, 
promising  for  trial  in  regions  similar  to 
central  and  southern  New  Jersey.  It  is  a 
somewhat  easier  peach  to  grow  to  a  good 
market  size  than  Triogeni.  For  this  rea¬ 
son  some  growers  may  prefer  it.  The 
fruit  is  large,  oval,  firm,  high  colored, 
yellow-fleshed  and  of  good  quality.  When 
well  grown  it  resemhles  somewhat  and  is 
fully  equal  to  Elherta  in  appearance.  It 
ripens  about  a  week  after  Golden  Jubilee 
or  about  20  days  before  Elherta.  It  colors 
well  before  it  is  ready  to  pick  and  hangs 
to  the  tree  well  even  after  it  becomes 
ripe.  The  flesh  sometimes  adheres  some¬ 
what  to  the  pit,  especially  when  picked 
firm  to  hard  or  green  ripe.  Nevertheless, 
this  has  not  appeared  to  decrease  the  de¬ 
mand  for  it  from  commercial  test  orchards. 

The  foliage  and  tree  habit  is  character¬ 
istically  vigorous  and  upright  spreading. 
It  is  another  peach  which  withstands 
handling  well  and  looks  well  on  the  mar¬ 
ket  and  is  superior  to  Golden  Jubilee  in 
shipping  qualities  and  it  has  a  somewhat 
more  ‘‘sprightly”  flavor. 


Golden  Globe 


Newday 


Golden  Globe  (N.  J.  73) 

The  general  market  demand  is  for 
peaches  of  2^  or  2^  inch  minimum  diame¬ 
ter.  There  is  a  special  or  limited  demand 
for  very  large  specimens.  If  it  is  grown 
well  and  thinned.  Golden  Globe  is  a  peach 
that  makes  a  baseball  look  small. 

It  is  a  very  large,  early  yellow  peach  of 
extra  good  edible  quality  and  usually  a 
freestone  in  New  Jersey.  It  ripens  a  day 
or  two  later  than  Triogem  as  a  rule  or  20 
to  25  days  before  Elherta.  The  flesh  ripens 
rather  slowly  and  the  fruits  hang  to  the 
tree  for  a  long  time,  making  it  a  favor¬ 
able  one  to  market  both  wholesale  or 
retail. 

The  tree  is  vigorous  and  upright 
spreading. 

If  the  dormant  fruit  buds  were  a  bit 


4 


BRIEF  ACCURATE  FACTS  ABOUT  THE  VARIETIES 


more  winter  luirdy  the  variety  would  out¬ 
class  the  standard  named  varieties  of  its 
season  for  size,  firmness,  attractiveness 
and  edihle  quality.  The  variety  should 
I>e  tested  in  a  limited  way  in  regions  simi¬ 
lar  to  central  and  southern  New  Jersey  hy 
anyone  who  desires  an  early,  large,  showy, 
yellow  peach  of  luscious  flavor.  For  gen¬ 
eral  commercial  jiurposes,  however.  Trio- 
gem,  Newday  or  Sunhigh  will  prohahly 
lie  more  satisfactory  as  a  rule. 

Sunhi'sh  (N.  J.  82) 

A  red  all  over,  bright,  smooth,  firm 
jieach  that  appeals  to  the  buyer.  It  ripens 
a  few  days  before  Goldeneast  and  actually 
‘■‘sets  up”  the  market  for  that  variety.  One 
grower  states,  “It  is  the  peach  that  really 
goes  to  town  with  me.”  It  colors  well  all 
over  before  it  ripens  and  it  softens  slowly, 
making  it  an  ideal  peach  to  handle  com¬ 
mercially.  The  flesh  is  an  attractive  yel¬ 
low  and  it  is  generally  freestone,  but 
sometimes  the  flesh  adheres  slightly,  par¬ 
ticularly  when  picked  “hard  ripe,”  but 
this  has  not  affected  the  strong  demand 
for  it  in  the  New  York  and  Philadelphia 
districts.  The  tree  is  a  vigorous,  spread- 


Sunhigh 


Goldeneast 

ing  grower  and  the  dormant  fruit  l)uds 
are  somewhat  more  hardy  than  Golden¬ 
east.  This  is  one  reason  for  its  popularity 
with  growers  in  northern  New  Jersey.  It 
topped  the  market  when  in  season  in 
New  Jersey  in  1938. 

It  is  recommended  for  planting  in  re¬ 
gions  where  climatic  conditions  are  some¬ 
what  similar  to  northern  and  central  New 
Jersey. 

Goldeneast  (N.  J.  87) 

A  very  large,  oval,  firm,  melting,  high 
colored,  yellow  fleshed  peach  ripening  at 
the  same  season  as  Ililey  and  Eclipse,  or 
about  14-15  days  before  Elberta.  The 
pubescence  or  fuzz  is  relatively  light  like 
J.  H.  Hale.  The  red  coloring  of  the  fruits 
begins  well  in  advance  of  the  shipping 
stage  and  softening  of  the  flesh  proceeds 
slowly  before  and  after  it  is  picked,  mak¬ 
ing  it  an  ideal  peach  for  the  wholesale 
and  retail  market.  The  fruits  hang  to  the 
tree  well  even  after  they  become  firm 
ripe.  This  is  a  distinct  advantage  to  the 
grower. 

( Continued  on  page  8) 


y 

t 

\ 


lliQ  A/qw  l/atietie5  Seen 


New  York  Liked  Th  em 

The  following  sales  figures  ^vere  taken  from  the  U.  S. 
1).  A.  daily  market  reports  for  New  York  City,  N.  Y. : 

August  2,  1938 — Netv  Jersey  Bus.  Bskts.  U.  S.  1 


Golden  Jubilee .  $1.75-2.75 

Mostly  .  2.00-2.50 

66s  .  2.00-2.50 

Delicious  .  1.621/2 

Slappey  .  1.50 

Triogem  large .  2.25-2.50 

1/2  Bus.  Bskts. 

66s  and  Triogem  large .  1.25-1.50 

Golden  Jubilee .  1.25-1.50 

Slappev  . 75-1.25 

Hiley  .  1.00-1.50 

Eclipse  . 75-1.50 

Mostly  .  1.00-1.25 

August  4,  1938 — New  Jersey  Bus.  Bskts. 

Golden  Jubilee .  2.00-2.50 

66s  .  2.00-2.50 

Hileys  .  2.00-2.50 

Carman  .  1.25-1.75 

Few  large  Triogem  and  Sunbigb,  high  as. . .  .  3.00-3.25 

August  11, 1938 — New  Jersey  Bus.  Bskts.  U.  S.  1 

Goldeneast  and  Sunbigb,  best .  2.00-2.75 

Poorer  . 1.25-1.75 

Golden  Globe .  1.50 

Hileys  .  1.00-1.25 


tfX 


Ton 


A  Fancy  Pack  of  Goldeneast 


The  New  Varieties  Were  the 
Gems  of  the  Market 

The  following  sales  figures  were  taken  from  the  reports 
of  sales  at  the  Glasslioro,  N.  J.,  auction  market: 


August  1,  1938— Bushels 

No.  1  Cumberland .  $1-35 

No.  1  Kathryn .  1.73 

2-inch  Golden  Glolie .  2.00—2.75 

2V2-incb  Golden  Globe .  2.50 

No.  1  Slappey .  1.55 

No.  1  Golden  Jubilee .  1.55—2.50 

2'/4-iiicb  Goldeneast .  2.45-2.60 

2-incb  Goldeneast .  1.83-2.50 

2y2-inch  Triogem .  2.60 

2-inch  Triogem .  2.50 

August  2,  1938 — Bushels 

No.  1  Kathryn .  1.85-2.00 

2V2-incb  Kathryn .  2.05 

2-incb  Triogem .  2.10-2.45 

2'/4-incb  Triogem .  2.40-2.90 

No.  1  Golden  Globe .  2.65—2.80 

2*/i-incb  Sunbigb .  3.10 

2  incb  Goldeneast .  2.15-2.45 

2>/4-incb  Goldeneast .  3.00-3.15 


lading  a  Truck  with  Newday  and  Golden  Globe 


Fruit  Grotvers  Examining  an  Orchard  of  Triogem 


Goldeneast  as  Picked  “Orchard  Run” 


6 


7 


BRIEF  ACCURATE  FACTS  ABOUT  THE  VARIETIES 


Goldeneast 

(  Continued) 

The  yellow-orange  color  of  the  flesh  is 
not  only  exceptionally  attractive  hnt  it 
retains  this  color  well,  after  the  peaches 
are  sliced.  It  does  not  turn  an  nnappetiz- 
ins  brown  as  does  the  flesh  of  some 
varieties. 

The  tree  is  upright,  spreading  and 
vigorous  and  the  dormant  buds  are  me¬ 
dium  in  hardiness.  The  variety  appears 
to  be  best  adapted  to  regions  with  a  cli¬ 
mate  similar  to  southern  New  Jersey. 

The  edible  quality  of  the  fruit  is  much 
superior  to  Elberta  and  lacks  the  bitter¬ 
ness  of  that  variety. 

Goldeneast  has  received  wide  commer¬ 
cial  test  in  New  Jersey.  It  was  first  sent 
to  the  wholesale  market  in  considerable 
quantities  in  1936  under  the  name  New 
Jersey  87.  It  “topped”  all  varieties  in  price 
on  the  New  York  and  Philadelphia  mar¬ 
kets  for  several  days.  It  outclasses  such 
peaches  as  Slappey  and  South  Haven  in 
all-around  market  qualities. 

A  colored  cut  appears  upon  the  front 
cover  page. 

Summercrest  (N.  J.  94) 

Early  in  the  summer  consumers  of 
peaches  in  the  East  do  not,  as  a  rule,  ap¬ 
pear  to  object  if  peaches  are  somewhat 
tart,  but  in  late  August  many  persons 
seek  a  peach  which  is  quite  sweet  and 
free  from  bitterness.  Summercrest  is  a 
large  oval,  yellow  freestone,  which  meets 
these  requirements  as  it  develops  in  New 
Jersey.  It  is  the  one  yellow-fleshed  peach 
that  persons  who  always  buy  Belle  of 
Georgia  will  accept  and  call  for  more. 
No  one  wants  an  Elberta  after  eating  a 
ripe  Summercrest. 

The  fruit  is  not  quite  as  high  colored 
as  Triogem,  Sunhigh  or  Goldeneast,  but 
colors  well  if  the  trees  are  not  too  vege¬ 
tative. 

The  tree  is  an  exceptionally  vigorous 


Summercrest 


grower  in  the  nursery  and  in  the  orchard. 
It  responds  to  good  culture  like  any  va¬ 
riety,  but  it  can  be  made  too  vegetative 
by  too  rich  or  moist  soil  and  the  fruit 
may  then  lack  high  red  color.  In  other 
words,  it  may  be  termed  a  good  peach  for 
a  light  soil  and  one  a  bit  low  in  nitrogen. 
Some  commercial  growers  in  New  Jersey 
have  withheld  nitrogen  entirely  since  the 
trees  attained  bearing  age.  It  is  as  hardy 
as  J.  H.  Hale  and  adapted  to  regions  simi¬ 
lar  to  central  and  southern  New  Jersey. 


Orders  will  be  filled  according 
to  the  sequence  in  which  they 
are  received.  To  obtain  the 
best  selection  of  varieties  and 
trees  you  should  place  your 
order  without  delay. 


8 


BRIEF  ACCURATE  FACTS  ABOUT  THE  VARIETIES 


Summercrest 


Afterglow  (N.  J.  84) 

Ell)erta  is  still  the  most  exteiisiv('lv 
<»:rown  commercial  peach,  hut  is  i^radiially 
losing  favor  with  eastern  consumers,  par¬ 
ticularly  ill  wet  seasons  ami  when  grown 
ill  northern  districts.  The  fruit  is  too 
often  rather  acid  and  hitter  and  lacking 
ill  peach  aroma  and  flavor.  Afterglow  as 
grown  in  New  Jersey  is  distinctly  less  acid 
and  hitter  and  of  higher  peach  flavor. 
Furthermore,  eastern  markets  are  not  in¬ 
frequently  well  supplied  with  peaches  at 
the  Elherta  season.  A  peach  which  ripens 
from  3  to  5  days  after  Elherta,  therefore, 
often  meets  a  cleared  and  stronger  market. 

The  fruits  are  large,  round  oval  in 
form  and  heconie  almost  comjiletely  over¬ 
spread  with  red  color.  The  flesh  is  yel¬ 
low,  stained  with  red  about  the  pit  and 
free.  The  trees  of  Afterglow  are  more 
vigorous  and  the  fruit  buds  and  trees 
have  been  more  winter  hardy  than  J.  H. 
Hale  and  Elherta  at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 


Afterglow  Peaches  Are  Red  All  Over  and  “Air”  Free  About  the  Pit 


9 


BRIEF  ACCURATE  FACTS  ABOUT  THE  VARIETIES 


An  Outstanding  New  Nectarine 


Garden  State 

(U.  S.  Plant  Patent  92) 

The  nectarine  is  a  horticultural  varia¬ 
tion  of  the  peach  which  is  centuries  old. 
It  is  not  a  hybrid  between  the  peach  and 
the  plum  as  is  often  erroneously  stated. 
It  is  sometimes  called  a  fuzzless  peach 
because  the  skin  is  as  free  of  pubescence 
as  the  plum.  The  pit  or  stone  resembles 
that  of  a  peach.  The  nectarine  has  been 
comparatively  little  cultivated  because 
the  fruit  of  the  varieties  available  is  too 
small  and  it  has  been  difficult  for  growers 
to  obtain  large  enough  yields  of  large, 
smooth  fruit. 

The  Fruit  is  Large 

The  Garden  State  Nectarine  overcomes 
these  faults  to  a  remarkable  degree.  In 
fact,  it  is  a  greater  improvement  over  the 
available  varieties  of  nectarines  for  the 
East  than  the  Golden  Jubilee  peach  was 
over  such  peach  varieties  as  Greensboro. 
The  fruit  outclasses  in  size,  color  and 
quality  all  other  named  nectarines  on  the 
New  Jersey  Agricultural  Experiment  Sta¬ 
tion  grounds,  including  Cardinal,  Lord 
Napier,  Surecrop,  Goldmine  and  Hunter. 
At  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  in  1938,  one 
tree  produced  6.5  sixteen  quart  baskets 
of  fruit,  or  more  than  three  bushels.  Well 
developed  specimens  are  two  inches  in 
diameter  and  above. 

It  Colors  Early 

The  fruit  attains  an  orange-yellow  un¬ 
dercolor,  overspread  with  red,  several 
days  before  the  fruit  is  firm  ripe,  making 
it  an  excellent  shipping  variety.  It  is  a 
fit  companion  in  this  respect  to  such  mod¬ 
ern  peaches  as  Sunhigh  and  Goldeneast. 
It  ripens  at  about  the  same  season  as  the 
Goldeneast  and  Hiley  peaches  and  hangs 
well  to  the  tree. 


Garden  State  Nectarine 

The  tree  is  a  vigorous  grower  with  dis¬ 
tinctive  leaf  characters.  It  is  medium 
hardy  and  apparently  adapted  to  regions 
with  a  climate  similar  to  central  and 
southern  New  Jersey. 

The  Japanese  beetle  consumed  the  fruit 
of  such  nectarines  as  Cardinal,  Lord  Na¬ 
pier  and  Flaming  Gold  before  they  even 
became  ripe  enough  to  pick  for  market 
in  1938  at  New  Brunswick,  in  spite  of 
good  spraying.  The  Garden  State,  on  the 
other  hand,  became  firm  ripe  before  the 
beetles  began  to  attack  them. 


Nectarines  require  the  highest 

grade  of  cultural  skill . 

including  the  selection  of  the 
orchard  site,  fertilization, 
spraying  and  thinning  of  the 
fruit. 


10 


Be  Particular  About  Your  Source  of  Trees 


Too  often  in  the  past  when  even  a 
single  new  variety  of  fruit  has  heen  in¬ 
troduced  more  than  one  variety  has  ac¬ 
tually  heen  distributed  under  the  new 
name  as  in  the  case  of  tlie  Wilma  and 
Shipper’s  Late  Red  peaches  in  recent 
years. 

Where  as  many  as  seven  new  varie¬ 
ties  are  introduced  the  chance  for  mix¬ 
tures  and  suhstitutions  is  greatly  in¬ 
creased.  In  fact,  it  requires  an  acquaint¬ 
ance  with  the  tree  characters  and  per¬ 
sonal  integrity  on  the  part  of  the  propa¬ 
gators  if  the  varieties  are  to  he  kept 
distinct. 

The  Source  of  Bud  Wood 

Practical  experienced  fruit  growers  do 
not  need  to  be  told  how  important  it  is 
that  nursery  stock  be  propagated  with 
buds  cut  from  trees  true-to-name.  Unfor¬ 
tunately  comparatively  few  persons  can 
identify  even  a  few  varieties  of  peaches 
in  the  orchard. 


A  period  of  not  less  than  four  summers 
as  a  rule  is  necessary  to  l)ring  a  commer¬ 
cial  peach  orchard  into  hearing.  Four 
seasons  of  tillage,  pruning,  spraying,  con¬ 
trol  of  pests  and  general  care.  What  a 
disappointment  and  loss  if  the  trees  at 
that  time  prove  to  be  a  lot  of  misfits  or 
have  some  serious  weakness  or  disease! 
In  these  modern  times  it  is  important  to 
know  just  who  really  grew  the  trees  and 
where  they  were  grown.  The  particular 
grower  will  not  wish  to  plant  trees  that 
have  been  “jobbed  around.”  There  is  too 
much  at  stake. 

is  of  the  Utmost  Importance 

By  cooperation  with  state  service  agen¬ 
cies  the  New  Jersey  Peach  Council  has 
devoted  special  attention  to  making  cer¬ 
tain  that  the  source  of  the  bud  wood  of 
the  new  varieties  is  carefully  selected 
from  true-to-name  trees. 


Freedom  from  Virus  Disease 


Peach  yellows  was  the  disease  most 
dreaded  by  peach  growers  for  years.  Now 
the  danger  is  increased  by  additional 
virus  diseases  including  little  peach, 
phoney  peach,  red  suture  and  the  X  dis¬ 
ease.  All  can  be  distributed  by  budding 

Root 

From  a  commercial  standpoint,  hardy, 
productive  peach  trees  mean  a  hardy, 
healthy,  vigorous  root  stock.  Seedlings 
of  some  peaches  make  poor  stocks  be¬ 
cause  the  trees  are  more  susceptible  to 
collar  rot  and  various  root  troubles.  In 
recent  years,  some  of  the  sources  of  peach 
seed  have  become  more  variable  in  type 
and  quality  and  less  dependable.  Peach 
pits  are  sometimes  collected  from  a  great 
variety  of  tree  types,  including  commer¬ 
cial  varieties,  which  means  a  great  varia- 


in  the  nursery  row.  The  Peach  Council 
has  cooperated  with  state  service  agencies 
in  doing  everything  possible  to  insure 
that  the  nursery  stock  offered  for  sale 
of  the  new  varieties  is  free  from  virus 
diseases. 

Stocks 

tion  in  the  vigor  and  type  of  trees  which 
develop  in  the  nursery  and  in  the  or¬ 
chard.  The  New  Jersey  Peach  Council 
has  not  overlooked  this  situation.  The 
peach  stock  offered  for  sale  in  the  fall  of 
1938  and  in  the  spring  of  1939  has  heen 
grown  from  seed  of  a  single  varietal  type 
secured  from  a  region  free  from  virus  dis¬ 
eases  such  as  yellows,  little  peach  and 
the  phoney  disease.  This  tends  to  insure 
a  healthy  uniform  type  of  root  system 
upon  all  of  the  trees. 


11 


Nursery  Trees  Should  Have  Good  Reserve 

of  Plant  Food 


The  New  Jersey  Peach  Council,  through 
state  service  contacts,  checks  as  far  as  is 
possible  the  nutrient  condition  of  the  soil 
of  the  land  on  which  the  stock  of  trees  is 
grown.  When  peach  trees  are  grown  on 
land  deficient  in  one  or  more  of  the  com¬ 
mon  nutrients  and  are  then  planted  on 
land  that  is  also  deficient  in  the  same 


nutrients  the  trees  are  unlikely  to  grow 
well  and  a  percentage  may  even  die  the 
first  summer  after  planting.  It  is  there¬ 
fore  important  for  a  commercial  peach 
grower  to  purchase  nursery  trees  that 
have  stored  up  a  good  supply  of  all  nu¬ 
trients  in  their  tissues  before  they  are  dug 
for  sale  and  distribution. 


Ca  re  in  Digging  and 

Even  when  nursery  peach  trees  have 
been  propagated  upon  good  root  stock 
and  well  grown,  their  value  for  planting 
can  he  seriously  injured  by  careless  dig¬ 
ging  and  handling.  Drying  out  of  the 
trees  either  at  the  time  of  digging,  when 


Handl  ing  of  Trees 

placed  in  the  storehouse  or  when  in  tran¬ 
sit  may  when  planted  cause  the  trees  to 
make  a  poor  start  and  be  more  susceptible 
to  injury  by  peach  aphis,  dry  weather  or 
a  deficiency  of  one  or  more  elements  in 
the  soil. 


Peach  Tree  Grades  and  Prices 


25  to  100 

100  to  250 

250  to  500 

500  to  1,000 

Over  1,000 

Grade 

trees 

trees 

trees 

trees 

trees 

24  to  3  feet . 

,  .  .  .  24  cents 

22  cents 

20  cents 

18  cents 

16  cents 

3  to  4  feet . 

,  .  .  .  30  cents 

28  cents 

26  cents 

24  cents 

22  cents 

4  to  5  feet . 

. . . .  30  cents 

28  cents 

26  cents 

24  cents 

22  cents 

Over  5  feet . 

28  cents 

26  cents 

24  cents 

22  cents 

Less  than  25  trees,  50  cents  each,  all  trees  to  he  of  the  3  to  4  foot  grade  or  larger. 

Nectarine  Tree  Prices 

Grade  1  to  10  trees  10  to  25  trees  Over  25  trees 

3  to  4  feet,  or  4  to  5  feet  and  over.  .  $1.00  each  75  cents  each  Write  for  prices 

These  prices  include  truck  delivery  to  some  central  point  in  New  Jersey,  such  as 
Moorestown,  Hammonton,  Glassboro,  Freehold,  or  Lebanon,  if  the  number  of  trees 
ordered  makes  such  delivery  practical.  Trees  may  also  be  secured  at  the  Princeton 
Nurseries,  near  Kingston,  if  the  order  has  been  accepted  by  the  New  Jersey  Peach 
Council.  Small  shipments  to  distant  points,  including  all  orders  for  less  than  25  trees, 
will  he  sent  by  express  collect  unless  otherwise  specified  on  the  order  blank. 


PLACING  ORDERS 

All  orders  for  trees  should  be  sent  to  the  New  Jersey  Peach  Council,  Inc.,  Box 
710,  Princeton,  New  Jersey.  Orders  approved  by  the  Peach  Council  will  be  turned  over 
to  the  Princeton  Nurseries  with  instructions  to  fill  the  order  and  make  delivery  as  speci¬ 
fied  on  the  order  blank.  A  deposit  ecpial  to  10  per  cent  of  the  total  cost  of  the  trees 
is  required  with  each  order  and  the  balance  before  delivery.  Five  per  cent  discount 
for  cash  with  order.  The  grade  specified  in  the  order  will  he  furnished  unless  the 
supply  of  trees  of  that  grade  is  exhausted  in  wliich  case  another  grade  listed  at  the 
same  price  will  lie  substituted. 


12 


Tabulated  Details  About  Varieties 


Variety 

Parentage 

Flower 

Type 

Bud  Set 

Days  Ripe 
Before  Ellrerta 

Trio  gem  (7()j 

J.  H.  Hale  X  Marigold 

Medium 

20-25 

20-25 

Golden  Globe  (73) 

J.  H.  Hale  X  Marigold 

a 

20-25 

20-25 

Newday  (79) 

J.H.  HaleXN.  J.  4()  C.  S. 

a 

15-20 

18-20 

Siiiibigli  (82) 

J.H.  HaleXN.  J.  40  C.  S. 

10-15 

16-18 

Goldeneast  (87) 

Elberta  X  N.  J.  38  E.  G. 

Large 

15-20 

14-15 

Snmmercrest  (94) 

J.  H.  Hale  X  Cumberland 

Medium 

15-19 

3-7 

Afterglow  (84) 

J.  H.  Hale  X  N.  J.  27116 

a 

12-15 

3-5  after 

Garden  State  Nectarine 

Elberta  0.  P.  0.  P. 

Large 

20-25 

14-15  Itefore 

C.  S.  =  Carman  X  Slappey  E.  G.  =  Elberta  X  Greeiisl)oro 

O.  P.  =  Open-pollinated 


Our  Block  of  Nursery  Trees  in  August,  1938 


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