Flora Londinensis, or, Plates and descriptions of such plants as grow wild in the environs of London : with their places of growth, and times of flowering, their several names according to Linnæus and other authors : with a particular description of each plant in Latin and English : to which are added, their several uses in medicine, agriculture, rural œconomy and other arts

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LUNVDEUXVEL

In which the Plants contained in the third Fafciculus, are arranged according
to the Syftem of Lixw vs. |

Latin Name. Clafs and Order.

. Veronica officinalis — Bicis
Lycopus europzus —
Circea lutetiana
Iris Pfeudacorus

I

2 Dianpria Monogynia.
3

4

5 Avena flaveícens

6

/

3

9

InrANDpRIA Momogynue

TRIANDRIA Digynia.

elatior ——
OMM

j Aira praecox

8 Montia fontana | "TRIANDRIA Trigynia.
) Dipfacus fylveftris —— |
to Scabiola Succifa —— Deme

1I Centunculus minimus —
12 Sagina procumbens Mox
13 Myofotis {corpioides paluftris ——
14 Lyfimachia Nummularia ——
^15 Anagallis tenella —^

16 Vinca minor —
17 Chenopodium Bonus Henricus
18 Sambucus Ebulus
19 Linum catharticum

. TETRANDRIA Zefragynia.

PENTANDRIA Monogynia.

TETRANDRIA Monogynia.

PENTANDRIA Digynia.
PENTANDRIA Trigynia.
PENTANDRIA Pentagynia.

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20 Fritillaria Meleagris —— HEXANDRIA Monogynia.
21 Rumex acutus —— — —— )
22 ——-—— obtufifollum —— —- -—-, HrxawDRIA Trigynia.
23 — maritimus ——- aem] 1
| 24 Epilobium montanum oer —— Ocranpria Monogynia.
25 Sedum 'l'elephium — — —— *
a 2 dafyphyllum "TE ——t£ DoDECANDRIA Pentagynia.
po 27 Agroftema Githago e
r 28 Lythrum Salicaria — -—— — — . DoDECANDRIA Monogynia.
29 Sempervivum tectorum C E Dopecanpria Dodecagynia,
T o Fragaria fterilis — — ares
| e iE E Anferina — — AM v M E
32 Papaver Rhoeas amt ie sid AN ——. PorvawpatA Monogynis.
j 33 Betonica officinalis ———À ——) /
1 34 Stachys fylvatica ——— Sacre DIDYNAMIA Gymnofbermia.
? E paluftris. : eme—À—— — —— j
|. 36 Scutellaria galericulata —— — l| Dipynamia Angiofpermia.
i M 37 Antirrhinum. fpurium — — ——
H 38 Braffica muralis —— ——
" 39 Cardamine amara a ——( Terrapynamia Siliquofa.
B 40 — pratenfis CUIU ——
b 41. Sifymbrium fylveftre — I ——
4 2 Geranium pyrenaicum — — —' MOoNADELPHIA Decandria.
i 43 Malva rotundifolia »t vty ——. MownanErPHUiA Polyandria.
rt 44 Lathyrus pratenfis T re ——
1 45 ‘Trifolium agrarium [e —— —( DriapsrLPHIA Decandria.
b 46 repens a ——
ài 47 Medicago arabica Rares ——
u 48 Hypericum Androfemum ——— ——)
H 49 hirfutum ——— xcd PoLYADELPHIA Polyandria.
NS humifufum ——— ——
Soa Picris echioides ——— ——4
: 52 Hypochzris radicata ———— "scd
i 53 glabra ———— a —— > Syncenesia Pelygamia equalis.
h 54. Carduus marianus ——— ma |
; .55 Bidens cernua — ——— L6
: 56 Inula dyfenterica — p :
5 pulicaria | | . t SYNGENESIA Polygamia fuperffua.
] §8 Viola paluftris —— ——— SYNGENESIA Monogamia.
| 59 Orchis Morio — ——— — : dei
| 60 Ophrys ovata A = zd GYNANDRIA Dvrandria.
| » Typha EV 3284 3A —76 Monoecia Polyandriae
63 Carex pendula == wow m qu .
t 64 Hydrocharis M an pas m Dlononchs oe ae
N 6; E os x db tibegia ER aid
66 Bryum fubulatum ——. Es
67 Bryum argenteum MSN P» Cryptocamia Mufci
cefpititium ee
68 Hydnum aurifcalpium E dE
69 Agaricus glutinofus cedo e t po me
OH ep Pec Eee — —— Cryrrogamia Fungi,
2. Phallus impudicus — —

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| ONCE ITA ER

In which the Latin Names of the Plants

are arranged Alphabetically.

Plate.

Avena flavefcens z be e Mg
elatior : a 4 PU.
Aira praecox - - = - - 5
Anagallis tenella - E z " AME.
Agroftema Githago ^ : i JEU
Antirrhinum fpurium ^ ^ 2^ 37
Agaricus glutinofus : » : - 69
plicatilis - " 3096
oftreatus 2 E Y EO
Betonica officinalis " - » = 33
Braffica muralis - - - - 398
Bidens cetnua - - - £ - 55
Bryum fubulatum - - t - 66
argenteum - - E 4 67
cefpititium - ^ : Am
* Circza lutetiana - - = x MN
Centunculus minimus - - ECT
Chenopodium Eonus Henricus - - - 17
Cardamine amara = z E ENS
pratenfis - - Je NETS
Carduus marianus Bo e e - ar ert
Carex pendula - E à a e
Dipfacus fylveftris - . y 35.225
Epilobium montanum E M d NET
Fritillaria Meleagris - - - 20
Fragaria fterilis x ^ 2: S
Geranium pyrenaicum - ^ x42
Hypericum Androfemum : - 48
hirfutum " z 3 = T7039
- humifufum : : 4 - 50
Hypocheris radicata - ne sy EN gg
labra - - , AE 3 53
Hydrocharis Morfus Rane : 4 3b
Hypnum purum - 2 m ne i IN
Hydnum aurifcalpium - : : OU
Iris Pfeudacorus - = z M ong
Inula dyfenterica - - hdi e - 56
pulicaria - * M - sg
Lycopus europzus - 3 H X Tm
Lyfimachia Nummularia : E Ed eio a
Linum catharticum - z á à 9
Lythrum Salicaria - : : aS
Lathyrus pratenfis - * 4 IUE
Montia fontana - » V DB
Myofotis fcorpioides — - ^ * à MET
Malva rotundifolia T A ?! een
Medicago arabica - E r zoe
Orchis morio * 3 A SED
Ophrys ovata - NIC * - 60
Potentilla Anferina - = ~ - gl
Papaver Rhoeas - - - - 58
Picris echioides - = " g^ eR
Phallus impudicus - - E 2x
Rumex acutus - - 2 E:
obtufifolium T : hs ee
maritimus ^ 5 E REST
Scabiofa Suceifa E E 2 TO
Sagina procumbens - - A See
Sambucus Ebulus - - MEUS)
Sedum Telephium - - . = 25
dafyphyllum - * : - 26
Sempervivum tectorum - = z m A
Stachys fylvatica - x 2d
paluftris - 3 N "v.
Scutellaria galericulata " * ^ 36
Sifymbrium fylveftre : é MAD SEAT T:
Trifolium agrarium 3 t 4 CY suae
repens : : ouo
Typha latifolia - ; x E
anguftifolia E b " «62
Veronica officinalis - 2 ^ TS
Vinca minor = - a v 16
Viola paluftris - - E a1 55

IN VIDUIEE X CBE
In which the Englifh Names of the
Plants are arranged Alphabetically.

Plate.

All. heal : . . : 35
Betony wood : : JH 53
Bryum awl-fhaped : : . . 66
filvery , re : 297

——— matted A 1 ‘ UNE
Blinks T A : 3 -— -
Cockle : x Ae
Carex pendulous e " s s
Cranes-bill mountain s; 4 42
Claver e : : * 47
Clover Dutch 3 3 . « 46

Catftail broad leaved

Devils bit | :
Enchanters- Nightthade common d os.
Elder dwarf . : . e Rs
Flax purging : i e . 19
Fluellin round- leaved : : « 13g
Fritillary common : . . . 20
Frog-bit : : d 64.
Flag yellow " . : ~ 4
Fleabane common : 4 : n
{mall . ; : Se
Good King Henry j : . . 17
Hawk weed long-rooted s : «752
fmall flowered P -- 53
Hypnum meadow i ^ ee * 65
Hydnum ear-picker : ; à . 68
Houfeleek : : . 29
Hair-grafs early : ° . «7
Hemp-agrimony nodding . ° E 0M
Hooded- Willow-herb common ; . 30
Ladies-fmock ccmmon UNE S . a
bitter MPO ES . 49,
Loofeftrife purple- fpiked s à . . 293
Mufhroom flimy : M . 69^
— plaited ; ; 4 «098
oyfter : : . g^ TEE
Moneywort : Af 9 VE . 44
Moufear-fcorpion-grafs : : . 181
Mallow round-leaved « . . 43.
- Morell fünking à “ t . 72H
Nettle-hedge . . 348
Orpine = . 25
Oat-grafs yellow . i
tall : |
Orchis meadow x 4
Ox-tongue ; !
Pimpernel bog ; .
Pimpernel-baftard : : ik . ik
Poppy fmooth round-headed : = + 3a
Pearlwert procumbent . ; , . US
Periwinkle fmall : : : i
Rocket ftinking : ; : . 39
water : . : . 45
Strawberry barren : . . NE
Saint John's Wort hairy E ^ . 49
trailing r s . $39.
Silver-weed : : : ^ . M8
Stonecrop thick-leaved 3 : . . 26.
Speedwell male ; : ' ^ "S
Werefoi hop" -— . , : . . $3
Twayblade ^. : : . 60.
'Thiftle milk " : A : . 54.
Teafel wild r : : . EM
Tutfan : 1 * : : à j
Vetchling yellow d » .
Violet bog : ^ : ^ .
Willow-herb wood : . . .
Water-horehound "AL - ; "

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196

VERONICA OFFICINALIS. Marg SpezgpwELL.

VERONICA Lm. Gen, Pl. Dianpr1a MoNOGYNIA
Cor. Limbo 4. partito, lacini infima anguítiore. Capfula bilocularis.
Rau Syn. Gen. 18. HERBEH FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO.
VERONICA officinalis {picis lateralibus pedunculatis, foliisoppofitis, caule procumbente Lin, Syf. Pegetab,
p. 56 Sp. PL. t4. FI. Suec. n. 12.
VERONICA caule decumbente, foliis fcabris, petiolatis, ovatis, ex alis racemofa. Haller Hi
VERONICA officinalis. Scopo. Fl. Carn. n. 21.
VERONICA mas fupina et vulgatiffima Baud. pit. 246.
VERONICA vera et major. Ger. emac. 626. ||
VERONICA mas vulgaris fupina. Parkins. 550. Ra. Syn. p.281. The male Speedwell or Fluellin,
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. b. 4. '
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 27.
Oeder Fl. Dan. 1. 248.
GEUAESULICUUUTUU Ue am c LC MEE E E APT NE DR m RE E E Lr e re Oe E e E TR T IE
RADIX perennis, fibrofa. Nw" : ROOT perennial and fibrous.
CAULES palmares feu fpithamzet, teretes, hirfuti, rigi- * STALKS from three to feven inches in length, round,
| duli, repentes. t hirfute, ftiffith, and creeping.
FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, prefertim inferiora, hir- : LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footftalks, efpecially the
futula, ferrata, pollicaria, inferiora bafiangut y lower ones, fomewhat hairy, ferrated, about
tata, fuperiora ovali-oblonga, obtufa, paulo ¥ an inch in length, the lower ones narrowed
ajora. fubfeffilia. at the bale, the upper ones of an oblong or
majora, fubfeffili i he bafe, the upp f blong
Y oval fhape, obtufe, fomewhat larger than the
1 lower ones and nearly feffile.
: FLOWER-BRANCHES fingle, or growing in pairs,
à from the fide near the top of the ftalk, out of
4 the ale of the leaves, ftanding on a foot-ftalk,
: upright, naked, downy, the flowers placed on
+ fhort foot-ftalks without any regular order.
: FLORAL-LEAF, one placed fingly under each flower,
z linear, obtufe, downy, ícarce the length of
4 the calyx, and upright.
* CALYX: a PERIANTHUM of one leaf, deeply divi-
4 : piy div
h ded into four fegments, befet with rough hairs
4 which are glandular at the top, the fegments
: oval pointed, and nearly equal. fig. 1 )
4
4
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+ Me 540,

RACEMI folitarii, five gemini, in fummitate laterales,
axillares ex folis, pedunculati, ere&i, nudi,
pubefcentes, floribus fparfis, brevius pedicel-
latis.

BRACTEZ ad flores, folitariz, lineares, obtufz, pu-

befcentes, longitudine vix calycis, erectz.

CALYX: Pertanrutum monophyllum, quadripar-
titum, hirfutum, pilis apice glanduligeris,
laciniis ovato lanceolatis fubeequalibus. jig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, rotata; Tubus brevis, albidus,

Limbus quadripartitus, dilute violaceus, venis
faturatioribus pictus, lacinus ovatis, obtufis,
inzqualibus ; tribus majoribus fubzequalibus,
unica duplo anguftiore. jig. 2.

COROLLA monopetalous and wheel-fhaped; the
Tube fhort and whitifh; the Limb divided
into four fegments, of a faint violet colour,
painted with, more deeply coloured veins, the
iegments ovate, obtufe and unequal; the
three largeft nearly equal; the fingle one twice

as narrow as the others. ffe. 2.

STAMINA: two FILAMENTS, of a whitifh colour,
inferted into the tube, and longer than the
corolla; ANTHERZ heart fhaped, of a blue-
ifh colour; PoLLen white. jig. 24

PISTILLUM: Getmen fomewhat ovate, obtufe,
flatten’d, clammy, groovedon each fide, fur-
rounded at its bafe by a gland; Srvrg.
thread-fhaped, a little thickened towards the
top, of a violet colour; Stigma as if cut
off. fig. A.

SEED-VESSEL: a heart fhaped flattened Cap/ule, a
little longer than the calyx. fig. s.

SEEDS numerous, {mall, flattened, of a pale brown

i colour. jig. 6.

STAMINA: FizAMENTA duo, albida, tubo inferta,
) corolla longiora; ANTHER# cordate, coeru-
lefcentes; PorrEN album. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : Germen fubovatum, obtufum, com-
preffum, vifcofum, utrinque fulcatum, bafi
glandulà cin&um; STYLUus filiformis, verfus
apicem paululum — incraffatus, violaceus ;
STIGMA truncatum. //g. 4e

PERICARPIUM : Caffula cordata, compreffa, calyce
| paulo longior. jig. 5°
SEMINA plurima, parva, compreffa, pallide fufca.

fig. 6

ON dry mountainous fituations, as on Hampftead Heath, and about Charlton Wood, we find this Species of
Veronica in great abundance, producing flowers from June to Auguft or later. à; ;

Its principal diftinguifhing character is its creeping ftalk, which in fome fituations is more ftrictly fo than in

others, I have obferved it on fome dry heaths, creeping clofe to the earth, and in other places fcarcely procumbent,
d 3 es "

: j - i : c {s degree
but it always has this character 1n a greater or le gree. | ;
In the Sous of its bloffoms it varies much, they being in fome fituations almoft blue, in others reddifh, and in

others white; and it is faid to fave been found with double flowers.

When it meets with a luxuriant foil, its ftalks will extend a foot or two, and its leaves equal thofe of the
Veronica Chamedrys in fize. et | ; 1 MET

Many writers Dis the Materia Medica, have been lavith of their encomiums on its virtues, Ru TY thus fpeaks
of it. x 4 ^ à 1 ry » . LI Le

** It has a faint fmell which is not difagreeable, to the tafte it is bitterifh and fomewhat aftringent; the ex-
€ tract of it wasalfo bitter and aftringent, but that prepar’d with fpirit of wine ftronger than that prepared with

— ** water, and both fomewhat acrid, the bitternefs refides moftin the refinous part.

* An infufion of it on the addition of Vitriol of Iron became of a greenifh brown colour, and with Arsrow
€€ black ; aper it made red.

ic de o ufe the cleanfing and aftringent powers which it poffeffes, place it among the principal vulne-
* raries, bad ulcers it cleanfes, and difpofes them to heal; I have myfelf been witnefs of its efficacy in this refpect,
** applied to an inveterate cancerous ulcer in the form of a cataplafm, from difcharging a thin ichor, it produced a
&c 4 : :

e ur found ferviceable alfo in the Itch, and other cutaneous difeafes, made into a gargle with the ad-
* dition of Honey of Rofes, it cures the Thrufh, and other ulcers of the mouth and throat, rp

* Taken inwardly it relieves the afthmatic, attenuating and promoting the expectoration of vifcid phlegm, and
* drank as Tea, it alfo proves ferviceable in wounds or ulcers of the Lungs, &c. &c.

Thefe good effects related with fo much coufidence by the Dr. we have tranflated, and prefent to our readers,
ihould they not be exaggerated the Veronica officinalis has very unmeritedly fall'n into difute,

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Lvcopvs EUROPEUS. WaTER HoREHOUND.

LYCOPUS Lin. Gen. P. Dianpr1A MonoGynia
Cor. 4. fida: lacinia unica emarginata. Stamina diftantia, Semina 4. retufa.
Raii. Syn. Gen. 34. SUFFRUTICES ET HERBJE VERTICILLATJE.
LYCOPUS europceus foliis finuato-ferratis. Lin. 5yff. Vegetab. p. 63. Sp. Pl. p. 30. Fl. Suec. n, 31.
LYCOPUS foliis acute ferratis et appendiculatis. Haller Hif. 220.
LYCOPUS europeus. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 29.
LYCOPUS paluftris glaber 7. K. H. 191.
MARRUBIUM paluftre glabrum Baub. p. 230.
MARRUBIUM aquaticum. Ger. emac. 700.
MARRUBIUM aquaticum vulgare. Parkins. 1232. Ram. Syn. p. 236. Water Horehound.
Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot.

RADIX perennis, repens.

CAULIS pedalis, ad tripedalem, erectus, quadratus,
hirfutus, ad bafin ufque ramofus; Rami
oppofitt. |

FOLIA oppofita, ovata, acuta, feffilia, fubrugofa,
hirfutula, finuato-ferrata,

ROOT perennial and creeping.

STALKS from one to three feet in height, upright, four
corner'd, befet with rough hairs, branched
quite to the bottom ; Branches oppofite.

LEAVES oppofite, cvate, pointed, feíhle, fomewhat
wrinkled, flightly hirfute, fawed at the edge,
the incifions deep and fomewhat waved.

FLOWERS fmall, and white, difpofed round the joints
in thick whirls.

CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM of one leaf, tubular, and
hirfute, flightly divided into five fegments,
which run out toa fine point. fig. 1. ;

COROLLA monopetalous and white, Tube cylindrical,
fhort, Limb divided into four fegments, blunt,
fpreading, villous within, the fegments near-
ly equal, the uppermoft notched, all of them
efpecially the lower one dotted with red,

FLORES parvi, albi, ad genicula in verticillos denfos
difpofiti,

CALYX: PEgrAN THIUM monophyllum, tubulatum,
femiquinquefidum, hirfutum, lacinus acu-
minatis. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, alba, Zwbus cylindraceus,
brevis, Limbus quadrifidus, villofus, laciniis
fubzequalibus, fuperiore emarginata, omnibus
prafertim inferiore rubro punctatis. fig. 2. 3.

Ji. Ze Be

STAMINA: two Filaments, longer than the corolla,
at firft bent in, afterwards ftraight; ANTHERE
fmall, fomewhat crefcent-like and whitith.

STAMINA: Firamenta duo, corolla longiora,
primum inflexa, demum recta; ANTHERJE
parva, fublunulate, albidz. fig. 4.

PISTILLUM: Germen quadrifidum, fubfantia glan-
dulofà ad bafin cin&tum ; Srrvs filiformis,
re&us, longitudine Staminum; STIGMA
bifidum. fig. 5. |

SEMINA quatuor, jig. 9. fufca, nitida, oleo quafi illinita,
fubtriangularia, externe planiuícula, linea,
fubcordatain medio impreflà, interne medio ad
angulum producto, lateribus fubinvolutis.
jg. 6. externe. fig. 7. interne vifum.

Jig. 4.

PISTILLUM : GerMEN divided into four parts, fur-
rounded at bottom by a glandular fubftance ;
STvLE filiform, ftraight, the length of the
Stamina; STIGMA bifid. fig. 5.

SEEDS four, jig. 9. brown, thining as if anointed with
oil, fomewhat triangular, externally flattifh,
with an impreffed fomewhat heart-fhaped line
in the middle, internally the middle running
out toa point or angle, the fides fomewhat
rolled in fg. 6. feen externally. fg. 7. in
tegnally.

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THIS is one of the moft common plants one meets with in Meadows, by the fides of rivers, and ftreams of
water, it flowers in Auguft and September. . :

In its habit it manifefts the greateft affinity with the Herbe verticillate of Ray, but like the genus Salvia, dif-
fers from them in its fructification. ;

The leaves vary in being more or lefs hairy, and more or lefs finely divided.

In fome Meadows it abounds fo much as to be noxious to the farmer; Cattle appear never to touch it x ite
root being of the creeping kind, renders it difficult of extirpation.

It is faid to give a durable ftain to whatever it touches, to be ufed by the French as an affiftant ingredient
in dyeing black, aud by Gypfies in flaming their fkins. Lin fors fuec. Haller. bift, helv.

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Circ#a LUTETIANA. LEmcHaNrERSs NioHrsHADE

CIRCJEA Liz. Gen. Pl, DiANDRIA Monocynia
Cor. dipetala. Ca, diphyllus, fuperus. Sem. 1. biloculare.
Rad. Syn. Gene 19. 20. HERBE VASCULIFERJE, FLORE DIPETALO ET TRIPETALO.

CIRCAEA /ufetiana, caule ere&o, racemis pluribus, foliis ovatis, Li. Syfi. Vegetab. p. 55. Sp. Pl. p. 12.
FI, Suecic. n. 6.

CIRCAEA foliis {ubcordatis fubferratis. Haller bifl. n. 813.
CIRCEA lutetiana. Scopolt, Fl. Carn. n. 6.
CIRCUEA lutetiana. Lob. ic. 266. Ger. emac. 351.
CIRCAZEA lutetiana major. Park. 351.
SOLANIFOLIA Circeza dicta major. Bauh, pin. 168.
OCYMASTRUM verrucarium. J.B. 11. 977. Rai. Synops. P 289. Enchanters Nightfhade.
Ocder. Fl. Dan. t. 256.

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 20.
Hudfon. FI. Angl bs 10.

RADIX perennis, repens, ftolonibus albis.
CAULIS pedalis ad fefquipedalem, fuberectus, teres,

levis, geniculis incraffatis, purpurafcentibus,

ROOT perennial and creeping, its young fhoots white.
STALKS from a foot to a foot and half in height,
nearly upright, round, ímooth, the joints

fam iusy {welled and purplifh, branched.
RAMI oppofiti, longi, inferne foliofi, fuperne pubef- y BRANCHES oppofite, long, on the lower part leafy,
centes. on the upper downy.

FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, fübcordata, acuta, lavia,
inferne pallidiora, margine dentata.

LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on foot-ftalks, fomewhat
heartfhaped, pointed, fmooth, of a paler green
on the under fide, the edge toothed.

FLOWERS fmall, whitifh, placed on the tops of the
branches in racemi.

FLOWER-STALKS alternate, finally turned down-
wards.

CALYX: a PeriantHium of two leaves, which are
ovate, hollow, turned back, of apurpie colour,
fitting on one common footftalk. fg. 1. 9.

COROLLA: two Perats inverfely heartthaped, the
length of the calyx, fpreading, equal, flefh-
colour'd and feffile fig. 2.

STAMINA: two FiLAMENTS, very fine, upright, of
a white colour; ANTHER# roundifh, rather
large, of a whitifh colour. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen placed below the calyx,
hifpid, and grey ; Sryve filiform, the length
of the Stamina ; ST1GMA bifid, of a bright red
colour. jig. 4. 8.

SEED-VESSEL: aCarsuLE fomewhat egg-fhaped,
but confiderably broadeft at one end, flatten'd,
hifpid, the hairs hooked at the extremity,
having two cavities and two valves, and open-
ing ftom the bottom to the top. fig. 5. 6.

SEEDS two, oblong, narroweft at the bottom. fig. 7.

FLORES parvi, albidi, fummitatibus ramulorum ra-
cematim infidentes.

PEDUNCULI alterni, demum deflexi.

CALYX: Pertantuium diphyllum, foliolis ovatis,
concavis, deflexis, purpureis, pedunculo com-
muni infidentibus. fig. 1. g.

COROLLA: PETALA duo, obcordata, longitudine

calycis, patentia, aqualia, carnea, feffilia.

fig. 2.

STAMINA: Firamenta duo, capillaria, erecta,
alba; ANTHER# fubrotunde, majuifcule,
albida. fig. 3.

PISTILUM: GERMEN inferum, hifpidum; Srytus
filiformis, lengitudine Staminum; STIGMA
bifidum, ruberrimum. jig. 4. 8.

PERICARPIUM: CaersurLA dE SEO UE. com-
preffa, hifpida, pilis uncinatis, bilocularis,
bivalvis, a bafi ad apicem dehifcens. jig. 5. 6.

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SEMINA duo, oblonga, inferne anguftiora. fig. 7.

THE Enchanters Nighifbade is a plant by no means uncommon in particular fituations, as in fhady lanes, in
orchards, under hedges, walls, and in woods, it flowers in July and Auguft; the Botanift will difcover many
beauties in its fru&tification, the gardener finds a difficulty in deftroying it, its root being of the creeping kind.

Its feeds being arm’d with little hooks are apt to adhere to ones cloaths.

The caterpillar of the Sphinx Elpenor or Elephant Hawk Moth which chiefly confines itfelf to the Galiwm palufire
or marfh Ladies Bedfraw has fometimes been found feeding on this plant, nor is this the only inftance of its de-
parture from its ufual food, in the Autumn of feventy-nine the fame fpecies of caterpillar was fent. me from
the country, the plant on which it was there found was the Arum Dracunculus or Dragons, one very diffimilar
in its nature to the Gaium, I have often had occafion to obferve that fome caterpillars will perifh unlefs they
have their peculiar food, while others will devour any vegetable that prefents itfelf; who would think that the
Phalena Brafice, would feed heartily, and be nourifhed by the leaves of the deadly Night/hade, or the roots of the
Onion? yet I have myfelf been an eye witnefs to both inftances. .

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IRIS Lim. Gem, Pl. Trranprr1a Monocynta.

Cor. Limbo 4. partito: Pefalis alternis reflexis. Stigmata petaliformia.
Rai. Syn. Gen. 26. HERBA RADICE BULBOSA PREDIT&.
IRIS Pfeudacorus corollis imberbibus, petalis interioribus ftigmate minoribus,
Sy/t. Vegetab. b. 79. Sp. Pl. p. 56. FI. Suec. n. 27

IRIS caule inflexo, foliis enfiformibus ;. petalis ere&is, minimis, reflexis, imberbibus. Haller Hift. n. 1260. ©

IRIS Pfeudacorus. Scopoli. Fl. Carn. n. 49.

IRIS paluftris lutea. Ger. em. 5o.

ACORUS adulterinus. Bauh. pin. 74.

ACORUS paluftris, five Pfeudo-iris et Iris lutea paluftris, Park 1219. Rai

. S fte eT. Y llo rater
Flower-de-luce. ite B. 174. ellow wa

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 14..— Ligbtfoot, FI. Scot. f. 86. Oeder. FI. Dan. 1. 404.

folis enfiformibus, Din.

RADIX perennis, craffitie pollicis, horizontalis, foris
nigricans, intus rubicundus, {pongiofus, fu-
perne plurimis fibrillis rigidis obtecta, inferne
dimittens radiculas longas, albidas, rugofas.

ROOT perennial, the thicknefs of ones thumb, hori-
zontal, externally blackifh, reddifh with-
infide, and fpongy, the upper part covered
with numerous rigid fibres, its lower part
fending down many long, whitifh, wrinkled,
{tringy roots.

LEAVES from the root, two or three feet high, up-
right, broad, fword-fhaped, with a prominent
midrib, at bottom riding one on another and
covered with a glutinous fubftance, thofe on
the ftalk fhorter, alternate, forming a fheath
at the bottom.

STALKS from one to three fect in height, upright,
alternately inclined from joint to joint, round,
Ímooth, and {pongy.

FLOWERS upright, fhowy, of a yellow colour.

FLOWER-SLALKS proceeding from the ale of the
leaves, round, but flattened on one fide and
Ímooth.

CALYX, aSrATHA containing two or three flowers, of
two, three, or four valves according to the
number of flowers.

COROLLA deeply divided into fix fegments: the
three outermoft fegments or Per ars large,
ofa roundith oval fhape, turning back, painted
at the bafe ofthe broad part with lines of a
reddifh brown colour, and at the bottom of
the claw or narrow part having the appear-

! " ance of two {mall holes. fig. r. 2.

STAMINA: three. Firtamenrs flat and tapering ;
ANTHER# oblong, yellow, edges purplith,
bent down by the ftigma preffing on them,
having two cavities which are linear and
open on the under fide. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen placed below the corolla,
three cornered, the angles blunt and grooved;
STYLE flender, fhorter than the ftigma;
STIGMA very large, deeply divided into three
fegments, of a yellow colour, the fegments
oblong, above keel-fhaped, below con-
cave, at the top veiny, fawed at the edge
and fubdivided into three fegments of which
the middle one is very fhort and placed under-
neath. fig. 4. 5. 6.

SEED-VESSEL an oblong, angular CarsuLE, of
three cavities and three valves. fg. 7.

SEEDS numerous, large, of a yellowifh colour and
flattened on both fides, jig. 8.

FOLIA radicalia, bi aut tripedalia, erecta, lata, en-
fiformia, nervo eminente, bafi equitantia,
caulina breviora, alterna, bafi vaginantia.

CAULIS pedalis ad tripedalem, ere&us, e geniculo ad
geniculum alterne inclinatus, teres, levis,
{pongiofus.

FLORES erecti, f{peciofi, flavi.

PEDUNCULI axillares, femiteretes, glabri,

CALYX: SrATHA biflora aut triflora, bivalvis, trival-
vis aut quadrivalvis fecundum | numerum
florum.

COROLLA fexpartita; PETALA tria exteriora ampla,

ovato rotundata, reflexa, lineis rubris feu ex
rubro-fufcis ad baíin laminz pitta, ad bafin
unguis biforaminofa, tria interiora primo
erecta, cito inflexa, ftigmate breviora, oblonga,
bafi anguftata, intus cava. fig. I. 2.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tria, fubulata, comprefía
ANTHERZ oblonge, lutez, marginibus pur-
purafcentibus, ab incumbente {tig mate in
arcum depreflz, biloculares, loculz lineares,

* inferne dehifcentes, jig. 3.

PISTILLUM: GzawEN inferum, oblongum, trigonum,
angulis obtufis fulcatis ; STYLUS tenuis,
germine brevior ; STIGMA maximum, tripar-
titum, flavum, lacinüs oblongis, fuperne
carinatis, inferne concavis apice trifidis, ve-
nofis, ferrulatis, fegmento medio breviflimo,
infero. fig. 4. 5. 6.

PERICARPIUM : Carsura oblonga, angulata, tri-
locularis, trivalvis. fig. 7.

STAMINA plurima, magna, flavefcentia, utrinque
comprefia. fig. 8.

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MANY of the plants of this tribe recommend themfelves to our notice by the beauty and delicacy of their
bloffoms, fome by their medicinal, and others by their oeconomical ufes ; the prefent plant may perhaps put
in its claim on each of thefe accounts, and though its flowers may not poflefs the fragrance {fo grateful in the
Iris perfica, the magnificence which aftonifhes in the /ufana, or the variety of colours which glow in the verficohr,
yet thofe who have examined its ftructure muft allow it to be at once. beautiful, delicate, and fingularly curi-
ous; the Stigma in particular deferves to be noticed by the Student, being in form and" fubftance more like the
petals than the part it really is. TF 4 tul dk

As toits medicinal powers the root is without fmell, vifcid, and of a fweetifh tafte, its infufion and
decoétion at firft very fweet, then highly aftringent, prefently producing a fenfe of heat in the throat, which
continued with me for more than twelve hours. Rutty Mat Med.

An infufion of it became black on the addition of Vitriol of iron. id.

In diving it lofes much of its acrimony. id. ~~ tion

Cut into the form of peafe it is ufeful to deftroy the proud flefh in iffues, and promotes their difcharge 7d.

The juice has been ufed to promote fneezing, but being highly acrimonious of itfelf, a few drops of it mix'd
with milk has been ufed to produce that effe& in the tooth-ach. 7d.

The juice of the root has alfo been recommended to be applied to creeping ulcers, and being confidered as
poffeffing confiderable aftringent powers, it has been adminftered in fluxes but very injudicioufly according to
fome modern experiments made with it, (ad Edinburg Med. Effays) by which it was found that eighty drops of
this juice repeated every hour or two, proved an excellent purgative where Jalap and Gamboge had in vain been
exhibited. On the whole it appears to be a violent medicine, and to be ufed with great caution. The only
account we have of its oeconomical ufes is, that an infufion or decoction of it like that of galls and other vege-

_table aftringents is capable with the addition of iron of being converted into ink, or of dying black, to both of
which purpofes it has long been applied in Scotland and the adjacent Iles. Sibbald. Lighifoot. :

It is a very common plant in marfhy meadows, by the fides of rivers, ponds, &c. and flowers in the begin-
ning of July. . EN Me

Planted in the garden where the foil is moift, it encreafes exceedingly both by root and feeds.

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AVENA FLAVESCENS. YELLOow Oat Grass.

AVENA Lin. Gen. Pl. Trianpria Dicynta.
A Cal. 2-valvis, multiflorus: arifta dorfali contortà.
Rai Syn. Gen. 27. HERBE GRAMINIFOLIJ FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMIFERE.

AVENA flavefcens panicula laxa, calycibus trifloris brevibus, flofculis omnibus ariftatis, Lin. Syft.
Vegetab. p. 105. Sp. Pl.118. F7. Suec... p. 103.

AVENA triantha, locuftis teretibus, calycina gluma altera minima, petiolo villofo. Haller. Hiff. p. 1497-
GRAMEN avenaceum pratenfe elatius, panicula flavefcente, locuftis parvis. Ra Syn. p. 407.

GRAMEN avenaceum, fpica parva flavefcente, locuftis parvis. Moris. Hzff. a. p. a1. £8. t. 9. fig. 42.
Scheuch. Agro. p.223. t. 4. f. 18. Ji 3: p r5 7: HE: 42

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. $3.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 106.
Schreber. Gram. tab. 9.

RADIX perennis, culta manifefte repens.

CULMUS pedalis ad bipedalem, erectus, teres, tribus
aut quatuor geniculis purpurascentibus in-
ftructus, hirfutulus.

FOLIA plana, ad duas lineas lata, unà cum vaginà
quae ftriata eft pilis modice longis hirfutula.

ROOT perennial, when cultivated manifeftly creeping.

STALK from one to two feet high, upright, round,
furnifhed with three or four purplifh joints,
and covered with numerous fhort hairs.

LEAVES flat, rarely exceeding two lines in breadth,
together with the fheath which is finely
grooved covered with hairs of. a moderate
length.

PANICLE three inches and more in length, while the
{piculz flower fpreading as wide as poffible,
of a yellowifh green colour and upright; af-
terwards clofing together, with the fpicule
moftly one way, and becoming of a yellowifh
brown colour and fhining. à

SPICULAE {mall, containing two, three, or four flowers,

d all of which have awns. fig. 3. 4.9.

CALYX. .A glume of two valves which are unequal,

: fomewhat membranous, pointed, one larger
than the other. fig. 1. 2.

COROLLA. A glume of two valves which are un-
equal, the leaft fomewhat tranfparent, mem-
branous, white, and bifid, the largeft marked
with three or four green nerves, hollow, bifid,
and furnifhed with an awn. fig. 3. 6.

NECTARY : two {mall G/zmes, the length of the ger-
men, jagged at top. fig. 8.

AWN fpringing from about the middle of the back of
the larger valve, in the living plant ftrait,
almoft twice the length of the valve, in the
dried one crooked back. fig. 4. g.

STAMINA: three FirAMwENTS very fine, the length
of the flowers; ANTHERZ yellow, forked at
both ends. fig. 5.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN oval, naked: SryYLeEs two,
very much branched, growing from the top.
of the germen, and hanging down. fig. 7.

SEED oblong, pointed, naked, inclofed in the larger

valve.

PANICULA triuncialis et ultra, dum florent fpicule
quam.maxime diffufa, e flavo virefcens, erecta ;
poftea coar&ata, fubfecunda, e flavo-fuíca,
fplendens.

SPICULAE parve, biflorz, etiam triflorz et quadriflore,
flofculis omnibus ariftatis. fig. 3. 4. 9.

CALYX: Gluma bivalvis, valvulis inzqualibus, fub-

membranaceis,acuminatis, altera majori. fig. 1.2.

COROLLA: Gluma bivalvis, valvulis inzequalibus, al-
tera minore fubdiaphanà, membranacea, peni-
tus alba, apice bifida, altera majori tribus aut
quatuor nervis viridibus infignita, concava,
bifida, ariftata. fig. 3. 6.

NECTARIUM: Glumule duse longitudine germinis,
apice laciniate. fig. 8.

ARISTA ex dorfo circa medium valvulz majoris erum-
pit, in viva planta recta, valvulà duplo fere
longior, in ficca recurva. fig. 4. 9.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tria, capillaria, longitudine
florum, ANTHERE flava, bifurcatz. . fig. 5.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN ovale, nudum; Svr: duo,
ramofiffimi, ex apice germinis, deflexi. fig. 7.

SEMEN oblongum, acuminatum, nudum, valvulà
| majori inclufum

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The term flavefcens has with propriety been piven to this fpecies of Avena, as its panicle, efpecially on clofing after
it has flowered, is of a yellower hue than any of the others, and this is one character which may ferve to diftin-
guifh it; added to this it is one of the leaft of the genus, its panicle is finely divided, its fpiculz are fmall, delicate,
and generally contain two perfe& flowers; and its leaves and ftalks are confantly hairy: cultivated in a garden, it
becomes larger in every refpeét, and the fpiculz contain three or more flowers.

We may remark that the Arifta or Beard in the living plant is ftrait, but crooked in dried fpecimens.

Though not fo common as the Avena elatior, it is to be found in moft paftures, efpecially fuch as are elevated, in
fome meadows, and frequently on graffy banks by the road fide, it flowers about the end of June.

Mr. SriLLINGELEET has not enumerated this grafs among his valuable ones, yet it is more deferving of that
diftin&ion than fome of thofe he has figured, efpecially the mountain and filver Hair-grafs, the latter of which is a
trifling annual with refpe& to agriculture, unworthy of the Farmer's notice: the yellow Oat-grafs is a perennial,
forms in many counties a principal part of the fineft pafturage on the downs, and in divers meadows contributes to
the goodnefs as well as greatnefs of the crop, As to time, it is not fo early as many of the Poas, nor 1s it fo late as
fome of the Agroffis tribe ; on the whole, from the remarks 1 have made on it in its wild and cultivated ftate, I would
recommend it as one of the few out of the many Englifh graffes worth the husbandman's attending to.

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AVENA ELATIOR. "arr Oar.Gnass

AVENA Lim. Gem, P]. Trianpria DicvNIA
Cal. 2 valvis, multiflorus : arifta dorfali contorta.

Rai. Syn. Gen. 27. HERBA GRAMINIFOLIE FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMIFERE.
AVENA ear paniculata, calycibus bifloris, flofculo hermaphrodito fubmutico, mafeulo ariftato.

Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. b. 104. Sp. PI. p. 117. Fl. Suec. N. 102. i
AVENA diantha folliculis bafi villofis, majoris arifta geniculata. Haller Fifi. n. 1492.
GRAMEN nodofum avenacea panicula. Baub. f 2. Scheuchs. Agroft p. 239.
GRAMEN caninum nodofum. Ger. em. 23.
GRAMEN caninum bulbofum vulgare. Park. 1075.
GRAMEN avenaceum elatius, juba longa fplendente Raji. Meth. 179. Syn. f» 406. 4.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. f. 53.

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 105.

Oeder. Fl. Dan. t. 165.

Schreber Gram. t. 1.

a eS Te a I
RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris plurimis, flexuofis, Y ROOT perennial, fibrous, the fibres numerous, crooked,
; fufcis, intertextis. — E x4 of a brown colour, and matted together.
CULMI bi aut tripedales, etiam ultra, ere&ü, tribus Y STALKS from two to three feet high, or even more,
quatuorve geniculis purpurafcentibus diftincti, upright, having four or five joints of a pur-
teretes, leves, bafi in bulbillos fzpe excref- plifh colour, round, fmooth, the bafe often
cente. j rowing out and forming {mall bulbs.

FOLIA caulina, fpithamea, etiam pedalia, duas trefve $ LEAVES of the ftalk fix or feven inches or even a
lineas lata, una cum vagina ftriata, levia. foot in length, from two to three lines in
breadth, together with the fheath ftriated and
Ímooth.

PANICLE long, even the length of a foot, upright,
fhining, loofely clofing together, branches
numerous, unequal, growing in fome degree
to one fide.

PANICULA longa, etiam pedalis, ere&a, fplendens,
laxe coarctata, zamul;s plurimis, inaequalibus,
fubfecundis. ;

SPICUL/E containing two flowers, the one male and
the other hermaphrodite. fg. r.

CALYX: a Glume of two valves, the valves unequal,
membranous, pointed, whitifh, the largeft
marked with three and the fmalleft with one

| - green nerve. fig. 2.

COROLLA maris: valvule duz, longitudine zequales, COROLLA of the male flower; compofed of two

altera majore, concava, nervis fex viridibus valves, equalin length, the largeft hollow,

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altero mafculo. fig. 1.

CALYX, Gluma bivalvis, — valvulis inzqualibus,
-membranaceis, acutis, albidis, majore nervis
tribus viridibus, minore unico infignitis. fig. 2.

ariftata, Arifia infra medium exferta, ípiculà at top, pointed and bearded; Beard or awn

longiore, geniculata, inferne fpiraliter contorta, growing out from below the middle of the

fuperne 1etacea; altera planiufcula, apice valves, longer than the fpicula, and jointed,

bicufpidata; valvule bermapbrodit: quoad for- on the lower part fpirally twifted, cn the upper

mam vix difcrepant, at nervus medius prope briftle fharped, the leaft flattith and termina-

apicem valvulz exterioris, in ariftam brevem ing in two points; the valves of the herma-

excurrit, et bafis ejufdem valvulz pilis plu- phrodite flofcule differ but little from the

rimis obtegitur. fig. 3. 4. male one as to fhape but the midrib in the
outer valve runs out into a fhort awn and the
bottom of the fame valve is covered with
numerous hairs. fig. 3. 4.

NECTARY: two ímall G/umes, lanceolate, fome-
what globular at bottom.

STAMINA: three FILAMENTs very fine, ANTHERE
oblong, yellow, and forked.

PISTILLUM: Germen fomewhat ovate, villous;
STYLES two, large, very much branched and
hanging down. jig. 7.

SEED oblong, {mooth, contained loofely within the
glumes of the calyx which are hairy at bot-
tom, fig. 8. 9. 1o.

NECTARIUM Glumule duz lanceolate, bafi fubglo-
bofz. fre. 6.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria ; ANTHERJE
oblongze, flavze, bifurcate.

PISTILLUM: Germen fubovatum, villofum; STrvri
duo, magni, ramofiffimi, reflexi. fig. 7.

SEMEN oblongum, leve, intra glumas calycinas bafi
pilofas, liberum frg. 8. 9. 10.

Experience muíft determine how far this Grafs deferves the attention of the Farmer, thus much I may inform
him, that itis one of the earlieft Graffes in. the Spring, that it produces a great crop, and when cut down after
feeding, it has flower'd afrefh in the autumn, thefe are certainly fome of the neceflary requifites in a good Grafs,
yet it does not often occur in meadows but is rather fond of growing on banks, in hedges and on the borders of
fields, where it is very confpicuoufly in bloffom in ‘fume and September, neverthelefs 1 have occafionally {een it
growing in Paftures ; the only objection to it perhaps is 1ts coarfenefs, which however fhould not prevent the Farmer
from giving it a fair trial.

In particular fituations the upper part of the root or rather bafe of the ftalk becomes knobby, and it then forms
the Gramen caninum nodofum of GERARD, this in fome arable Land, I have been informed is very troublefome, and
eradicated as Couch ; inftances often occur in which a valuable plant in one fituation is a perfect weed in another.

It is the moft common of all our Oat-graffes and is therefore not liable to be miftaken for any other of the
fame genus. J LS

As it varies with refpect to its root, fo does it alfo with regard to its arifte, of which in general there 1s only
one to each fpicula, but fometimes each flofcule contained in the ífpicula has an arifta, 1n which cafe one 1s ufually
longer than the other. : , TI

In the grafles no chara&ter 1s more inconftant than that of the awn, arifta, or beard, in fome grafles whofe character
it is to be zu£ice it is prefent as in the Lolium perenne, Agroflis capillaris, and alba ; and in others whofe character it
is to be ariffate itis wanting, as in. the Agrofiis canina, the ftriking alteration in the appearance of the grafs from
this circumftance has often been the caufe of multiplying fpecies unneceflarily.

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AIRA Linnei, Gen. Pi, Trianpria DriGYNIA.

4

Cal. 2-valvis, 2-florus. Flofcul: abíque interje&to rudimento.

Raii Syn. Gen. 27. HERB GRAMINIFOLIZ FLORE IMPERFECTO CULMIFERBJX.
)

AIRA precox folis fetaceis; vaginis angulatis, floribus paniculato fpicatis, flofculis bafi ariftatis.

Linnei Syft. Vegetal. p. 96.

GRAMEN paniculatum minimum molle. Bor. Monfp. App.

GRAMEN parvum precox paniculà (potius fpicà) laxà canefcente. Rais Syn. ed. 3. 5. 408. tab xxii fig. 3.
i 4 |j e &

GRAMEN avenaceum, capillaceum, minimis glumis minimum. Breynii.

GRAMEN phalaroides, fparfà paniculà minimum anguftifolium. Barrel Ic. 44. 1. tah. iv. fe
P 2. 44 tah. 1v. Ig.

Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. b. 95.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. 31. ed. 2. p. 36.

Oeder. Fl. Dan 383.

RADIX annua, fibrofa.

CULMI plures, fimplices, bi aut triunciales, femipe-
dales etiam occurrunt, teretes, leves, erecti

FOLIA radicalia fepius linearia, convoluta, marcida ;
caulina vagina breviora, fuberecta, paululum
recurvata, obtufiufcula ; Membrana pro ratione
foli longa, alba, culmum circumvolvens, in
plantis adhuc tenellis notatà digna; Vagina
ftriata, fubventricofa.

PANICULA coarétata, fpiciformis, mollis, femiunci-
alis, aut uncialis.

SPICULAZE biflorz, biariftate, fig. 1. auct.

CALYX: Grumwa bivalvis, valvulz fubzequales, ovato-
acutz, fubmembranacez, carina ad lentem

{cabra, fig. 2.

COROLLA: GrvMaA bivalvis, valvule fubzquales,
longitudine calycis, altera majori, bicufpida-
ta, ariftatà ; arifta infra medium glume po-
fita, corolla duplo longior, plerumque recta,

SE» 3. 5

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tria, capillaria, breviffima :
ANTHERZ minime, flavefcentes, fig. 4.

PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum: SrYyrLi duo, ad

bafin ufque ramofi.

SEMEN oblongum, hinc convexum inde concavum,
bicufpidatum, ariftatum, bafi pilofum, fig. 6, 7.

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ROOT annual, and fibrous.

STALKS feveral, fimple, from two to three inches,
fometimes even to fix inches high, round,
{mooth, and upright.

LEAVES, near the root generally linear, rolled up;
and withered; thofe of the ftalk fhorter than
the fheath, nearly upright, but bending a ht-
tle back, and fomewhat blunt; the Membrane,
for the fize of the leaf, long, white, furround-
ing the ftem, ftrikingly confpicuous in the
plant while young; the Sheath finely grooved,
and bellying a little in the middle,

PANICLE clofed together, and refembling a fpike,
loft, half an inch or an inch in length. ~

SPICUL AE containing two flowers, each of which has
an arifta, fig. 1, magnified, |

CALYX: a GrvMwE of two valves, the valves nearly .
equal, oval, and pointed, fomewhat mem-
branous, the keel appearing rough when
magnified, fig. 2. — |

COROLLA: a GrzvuME of two valves, nearly equal,
of the length of the calyx, one of which is
larger than the other, terminated by two long
points, and furnifhed with an arifta; the a-
rifta growing out from below the middle of
the glume, twice the length of the corolla,
and generally ftrait, fig. 3, 5.

STAMINA : three FrLAMEN TS, fine, and very fhort :
ANTHER# very minute, and yellowifh, fig. 4.

PISTILLUM: Germen oblong: SrYyrEs two, and
branched to the bottom.

SEED oblong, convex on one fide, and hollow on the
other, having two points, with an arifta,
- hairy at bottom, jig. 6, 7.

THE fra precox is very common on moft of our heaths about town, particularly on Black-heath.

It flowers in April and May, and ripens its feed in June.

SCHEUCHZER mentions its growing fometimes to the height of fourteen inches, a height it rarely attains with us.

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MONTIA Lin. Gen. P]. TRIANDRIA 'T'RIGYNIA.

Cal. 2 phyllus. Cor. x petala irregularis. Caps. 1 locularis, 3. valvis.
Ra. Syn, Gen. 24. HERBE PENTAPETALA VASCULIFERJE,
MONTIA fontana Lin. Syff. Veget. p. x10. Sp. Bl. 129. Suecic, n. 115.
MONTIA Haller. Hif. n. 301.
PORTULACA arvenfis. Baub. pin. 282.
CAMERARIA arvenfis minor. D//, Gifs. 46.
PORTULACA exigua feu arvenfis Camerarii J. B. III. 678.
PORTULACA tricoccos. Pet. Herb. Brit. 10. 12.
ALSINE flofculis conniventibus. Merr. pin.
ALSINEFORMIS paludofa tricarpos flofculis, albis inapertis. Pluk. Alm. a1. T. 7. £5.

ALSINE parva paluftris tricoccos, Portulaca aquatica fimilis. Ra. Sym. p. 352. {mall water Chicks
weed or Purflane by fome called Blinks.

Oeder. Fl. Dan. t. 113.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2 p. 60.
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. p. 110.

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RADIX annua, fibrofa.

CAULES plurimi, teretes, glabri, rubentes, in terram
reclinati et fubinde radices agentes, duorum,
triumve digitorum longitudine, ramofi et cre-

^ bris geniculis intercept.

FOLIA oppofita, feffilia, oblonga, acutiufcula, prope

| bafin anguftata, fubcarnofa, glabra, pallide
Virentia.

PEDUNCULI plerumque terni, uniflori, axillares,
peractà florefcentià recurvati, poftea erecti,
folus longiores, e {quama membranacea pro-
deuntes.

ROOT annual, and fibrous.

STALKS numerous, round, fmooth, reddith, {preading
on the ground, and fometimes ftriking root,
two or three inches in length, branched and
jointed.

LEAVES oppofite, feffile, oblong, fomewhat pointed,
narrowed near the bafe, rather flefhy, fmooth
and of a pale green colour.

FLOWER-STALKS generally growing three together,
each fupporting one flower, proceeding from a
little fcale in the bofom of the leaves, as foon
as the flowering is over hangiug down, after-

wards becoming upright and longer than the
leaves,

CALYX: aPzniawTHIUM of two leaves: the leaves
oval, concave, obtufe, upright, and permanent,

4
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4
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CALYX: PrEnrANTHIUM diphyllum; foliolis ovatis, 4
concavis, obtufis, erectis, perfiftentibus. :

Jig 1. 9. ! ] TES: Vise CEST.

COROLLA monopetala, quinquepartita, alba, lacinis $ COROLLA of one petal, deeply divided into five feg-
tribus, alternis, minoribus, ftaminiferis. jig. A ments, of a white colour, the three alternate
EU 4 Dm leaft, having the ftamina attached to

Ds them. fig. 2. 3. 4.
* STAMINA: three flender Firamenrs fhorter than
: the corolla to which they are connected:
* ANTHERE {mall and white frg. 4.
à PISTILLUM : Germen large at top, {mall at bottom,
& and fomewhat triangular; Sryzes three,
$ villous, fpreading; Stigmata fimple. fig. 5.
A SEED-VESSEL: the permanent and encreafing CaLyx,
cut off as it were at top contains a CAPSULE
: of the fame fhape as the germen, of one cavi-
4 ty and three valves, the valves ovate, and
* pointed, each containing one feed on the fall-
i ing of which they become thread fhaped and
: a little longer than the calyx. fig. 6. 7. 8. 10.
4 SEEDS black and fomewhat kidney-fhaped. jig. 11.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA tria, capillaria, corollà bre-
viora, cui inferta: ANTHERJ parva, albz.

ama

An GERMEN turbinatum, fubtriangulare ;
SrvrLr tres, villofi, patentes; STIGMATA
fimplicia. fig. 5.

PERICARPIUM: Catyx permanens, auctus, trun-
catus, continet CAPSULAM, turbinatam, uni-
locularem, trivalvem, valvulis ovatis, acutis,
monofpermis, demiffo femine filiformibus,

calyce paulo longioribus. fig. 6. 7. 8. 10.

SEMINA nigra, fubreniformia. fg. 11.

THIS plant of which there is but one fpecies appears firft to have had a generic character beftowed on it by
DirrkNius, who called it Cameraria.in honour of CawERAR1vs a German Phyfician and Botanift; Micwextr
afterwards figured it among his Nova Genera and gave it the name of Montia in commemoration of his country-
man Mom: an Italian Botanift, which name has been adopted by LiNN zvs.

Its parts of fructification which are reprefented in a magnified ftate, on the Plate, and of which a particular
defcription is given are fingular enough to juftify thefe Authors in making it a diftinct Genus. — —

The Englifh name of Binks has perhaps been given to this plant from the blofloms ufually appearing in a half
opened ftate, but when the Sun fhines on them they are fully expanded.

- It grows in wet places, efpecially on the moift gravelly parts of Heaths, where the water flagnates in the
winter, on Black-Heath, Hampftead-Heath, and in other fimilar fituations it is very common, flowering in May and
ripening its feed in the beginning of June.

— Tt is eafy of Cultivation but not remarked for its utility in any refpect; the feed may probably be the food of
dmall Birds.

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!JOIPSACUS SYLVESTRIS. WILD TEASEL,

DIPSACUS Lin. Gen. PI. 'TETR ANDRIA Monocynra |
Calyx communis, polyphyllus ; proprius fuperus. Recept. paleaceum.

Ra. Sym. Gen. 8. LHiERBJE CORYMBIFERIS. AFFINES.
DIPSACUS capitulis ovatis, folis arcuatis circumvallatis, ariftis Íquamarum reQtis.. Haller hiff. n. 198.
DIPSACUS fylveftris fcu Labrum Veneris. 7. B. III. 74.
DIPSACUS fylveftris aut Virga paftoris major. C. B. pin. 385.
DIPSACUS fylveftris. Ger. emac. 1164. Parkins. 984.

i fludfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. po 6.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. 5. 113.
Facquin FL. Aufir. 1. 40%

ROOT biennial, fimple, furnifhed with large fibres.

STALK from three to fix feet high, branched, round,
ftriated, hollow, {pinous, fpines near the
bafe but few, near the heads very numerous,

— . . — leng and fharp.

LEAVES: radical leaves of the firft years plant
fpread on the ground in a circular form, are
of an oblong oval fhape, bluntifh at the point,
notched on the edges, wrinkled, and rough
with {pines thinly {catter’d over the leaf,
thofe of the flalk at leaft the lowermoft ones,
are lefs wrinkled, and united at the bafe in
fuch a mahner as to form a large cavity,
which contains water after rain, of an oval
pointed fhape, notched, and thinly befet with
{pines on the edge and mid-rib, the uppermof
leaves flightly united at the bafe, narrower,
entire, and almoft free from fpines.

HEADS numerous, growing fingly on footftalks, up-
right, of an oblong egg fhape, fomewhat
pointed at top. |

FLOWERS purple, firft breaking forth about the
middle of the head.

INVOLUCRUM compofed of many leaves which are
fomewhat linear, rigid, befet with, fmall
fpines, bending upwards, the length of the
heads, unequal.

CALYX: the Perranratum of each flofcule is very

. minute, green and edged with hairs. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetalous, tubular ; the Zz£e funnel-
fhaped, narrowed at the bafe, whitifh and
flightly villous if magnified ; the Limb divi-
ded into four fegments, upright, purple, the

| fegments obtufe, the outermoft largeft. fig. 2.

STAMINA: four Firaments, of a whitifh colour,
very fine, ftraight, inferted into the tube of
the corolla; ANTHER# incumbent, oblong,
of a violet colour. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen placed below the calyx, four
cornet'd, whitifh, grooved, the edge on the
upper part green; SrmvrsE thread-fhaped,
white, a .little fhorter than the corolla,
Stigma channeled and bent a little in.

RADIX biennis, fimplex, fibris majufculis donatts.

CAULIS tripedalis ad orgyalem, ramofus, teres,
ftriatus, inanis, inferius fpinis rarius difpofitis, |
prope capitula creberrimis horridus.

FOLIA radicalia primi anni fupta tertam in orbem
{parfa, ovato-oblonga, obtufiufcula, crenato-
ferrata, rugofa, {pinulis rarioribus afpera,

- caulina faltem inferiora minus rugoía, bafi
adeo connata ut finum magnum efficiant, poft
pluvias aqua plenum, ovato-acuta, crenata,
{pinis ad marginem et nervum medium ra-
rius obfitum, /#mma minus connata, magif-
que lanceolata, integerrima et fere inermia.

CAPITULA plurima, folitaria, erecta, ovato-oblonga,
fubacuminata.

FLORES purpurei, circa medium capituli primo
erumpentes.

INVOLUCRUM polyphyllum, foliolis fublinearibus,
rigidis, fpinulofis, furfum arcuatis, long
tudine capituli, inzequalibus,

CALYX: PERIANTHIUM proprium, tninimuütm, viride,
ciliatum. fg. I. |
COROLLA monopetala, tubulofa; Zabus infundibull-
formis, bafi attenuatus, albidus, ad lentem
villofulus ; LrMBus quadrifidus, erectus, pur-
pureus, laciniis obtufis, extima majori. fig. 2.

STAMINA: FiraMenraA quatuor, albida, capillaria,
recta, tubo corollae inferta; ANTHER# in-
cumbentes, oblonga, violacez. jig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen inferum, tetragonum, albi-
dum, fulcatum, margine fuperne viridi;
SrTYLus filiformis albus, corollà paulo brevior;
STrcGMA canaliculatum, fubinflexum jig. 4.

5. 6.

fig: 4+ 5. 6.

RECEPTACLE chaffy chaff the length of the Stamina,
rigid, bearded, the uppermoft longeft, at bot-
tom hollow, and fomewhat triangular; the
Beard or awn running out to a long, ftraight,

and fomewhat hifpid point. fig. 8.

RECEPTACULUM paleaceum, paleis longitudine
ftaminum, rigidis, ariftatis, fupremis longi-
oribus, . bafi concavis, fubtriangularibus ;
Arifia acuminata, reQa, hifpidula. fig. 8.

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‘THE antient Botanifts always confidered the wild and the manured Teafel as two diftin& fpecies, and "till the
time of Linneus but one opinion prevailed on the fubject, that great Botanift too haftily concluded that the Dip-
[acus fullonum was only a variety of the [ylvefiris, fome few have implicitly followed that opinion, but Haller and
Yacquin diftinguifhed by their nice difcernment and accurate defcriptions unite in confidering the /ylvefiris as a
{pecies totally diftin&t from the fullonum: n the manured 'Teafel the leaves of the Involucrum are fhort and hoti-
zontally extended, in the wild one they are long and encircle the head, the Palez in the former are always hooked
at the extremity, in the latter never, tho' cultivated, many other diftin&ions will be pointed out when we give the
hiftory and manner of cultivating the manured "Teafel.

This fpecies grows very commonly on the edges of paftures, in uncultivated places, by road fides, and flowers

uly to September.
d rad colle&ted in the bafon form'd by the union of the leaves towards the bottom of the ftalk is faid to
cure warts on the hands if feveral times wafhed with it, and hence Ray conjectures this plant might have received
its name of Labrum Veneris. "
* Cattle in general even the Afs appear to avoid it; as 1s fhewn by the dried ftems and heads which remain afl
the winter, but there is a fmall Moth about twice the fize of the Euonymella, fpeckled with black, which finds
its way into this formidable plant, and makes a comfortable and fecure dotniciliuna of its fpinous head. vid.
Moufet Theat. Infect. p. 256. Rai catal. plant. circa Cant. p. 45.

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Scabiofa fuccifa. Devils-bit, or Meadow Scabious.

SCABIOSA Lia. Gen. Pi. TETRANDRIA Monocywia
Cal. communis polyphyllus ; proprius duplex füperus. Recept. paleaceum f, nudum.
Rai. Syne Gen. 8. HgRBJE CORYMBIFERIS AFFINES.
SCABIOSA Succifa corollulis quadrifidis aequalibus, foliis caulinis dentatis, floribus fubglobofis.
SCABIOSA J/uccifa corollulis quadrifidis zequalibus, caule fimplici, ramis approximatis, foliis lanceolato-
ovatis integerrimis. Lin, Sy/t. Vegetab. p. 142.
SCABIOSA caule trifloro, floribus convexis, foliis radicalibus ovatis, caulinis lanceolatis. Haller. Hif. 201.
SCABIOSA /uccifa Scopoli Fl. Carniol p. 95. m. 138.
SUCCISA glabra et hirfuta B. pin. 269.
MORSUS DrasoL: Ger, em. 726.

MORSUS Dz4azox1 vulgaris flore purpureo Parkins. 491.
SCABIOSA radice fuccifa, ore globofo. Raz. Sys. 191. Devil's-bit.

Hudfos. FI. Angl. ed. 2. 5. 63.
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. 5. 114.

ROOT when full grown, nearly the thicknefs of the
httle finger, often growing obliquely, bit off
as it were or ftumped at the extremity, and
furnifhed with long whitifh fibres.

STALKS from a foot to a footand a half high, nearly
upright, with us rarely fingle but divided
into two, three or more branches, round,
befet with rough hairs and of a reddifh colour.

LEAVES next the root, oval, ftanding on fhort foot-
ftalks, ofa deep green colour, running a lit-
tle way down the footftalk, entire at the
edge, cover'd on both fides with long, rough
hairs; thofe on the ftalk oppofite, connate,
lanceolate, fparingly toothed on the edge, the
uppermoft nearly linear and entire.

HEADS of the flowers nearly round, blue, fingle, fit-
ting on long, naked or almoft naked flower
flalks.

CALYX: the general PErntanrurum fupports many
florets, 1s fpreading and compofed of many
leaves, which are of an oval pointed fhape,
edged with hairs, fomewhat gibbous at the
bafe, furrounding and fitting on the receptacle
in various rows, of which the innermoft are
gradually the fmalleft fig. 1. 11. Perianthium of
each floret double, the lower one four corner'd,
hairy, inclofing the germen, fig. 2, the upper
one fitting on the germen, divided deeply into
five fegments fhaped like briftles. fig. 3.

COROLLA monopetalous, tubular, divided into four
obtufe fegments, the three lowermoft of
which are nearly equal, the uppermoft fome«
what longeft. fig. 4.

STAMINA: four FiLAMENTs, tapering to a point,
almoft twice the length of the corolla; An-
THER# oblong, incumbent, of a violet co-
Jour; PorrgN white. fig. 5.

PISTILLUM : Germen very ímall whitifh, rarely
cylindrical, inclofed within the calyx; SrvrE
thread fhaped, while the Antherz are fhed-
ding the pollen, the length of the lower lip
of the corolla; Sricma round, flat, with a
deprefiion in the middle. fig. 6. 7. 8.

SEED oblong, angular, grooved, befet with rough

hairs and crownd with five fete or briflles.

Sig: 10.

RADIX adulta craffitie fere digiti minimi, fepe obli-
qua, praemorfa, fibris longis albidis przedita,

CAULIS pedalis, ad fefquipedalem, fubere&us, nobif-
cum raro fimplex, at in duos, tres, vel plures
ramos divifus, teres, hirfutus, rubefcens.

FOLIA radicaliaovalia, petiolisbrevibus infidentia, fatu-
rate viridia, in petiolum breviter decurrentia,
integerrima, pilis longis utrinque hirfuta,
caulina oppofita, connata, lanceolata, rariter
dentata, fuprema fublinearia, integerrima.

CAPITULI Florum fubglobofi, cerulei, folitari, pedun-
culis longis nudis feu parum foliofis infiden-
tibus.

CALYX: PerrantTHium commune multiflorum, patens,
polyphyllum; foliolis ovato-acutis, ciliatis,
bafi fubgibbofis, feriebus variis receptaculum
cingentibus, eique infidentibus, quorum inte-
riora gradatim minora; //g» I. Et. Perianibium
proprium duplex, inferius tetragonum, pi-
lofum, germen includens; jig. 2. fuperius
germini infidens, quinquepartitum, lacinus
ictacels, jige 2.

COROLLA monopetala, tubulofa, quadrifida, laciniis
obtufis, tribus inferioribus fubzqualibus, fu-
periore longiore. fig. 4-

STAMINA: FrrAMENTA quatuor, fubulata, corolla
fere duplo longiora; ANTHER# oblonge,
incumbentes, violacez ; Por. LEN album. jig. 5.

PISTILLUM : Germen minimum, albidum, cylind-
raceo-ovatum ; SrYrvs filiformis, dum
antherz polhnem dimittunt longitudine labii
inferioris corolle; Sricma orbiculatum,

medio depreffum. fig. 6. 7. 8.

SEMEN oblongum, fulcato-angulofum, hirfutum,
etis quinque coronatum. jig. 10.

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THE Devils bit is one of thofe few plants which adorn our Paftures in Autumn, and is capable of adding
fome beauty even to the flower Garden, in which it grows much more branched than in its wild ftate and
continues in bloflom from Auguft to the end of O&tober ; like Plantain and many other herbs, the root. when

TOWR 1 ed at the extremity. a
1: Lus (iie Moses du Fryers as I fuppofe being the firft inventors of the Fable) faid, that e:
« Devill envying the good that this Herbe might do to mankinde, bit away part of the root and thereof came the
* name of Succifa or Devils bit. Parkinfon Theat, p. 491. ;
Modern pra&itioners not finding thofe wonderfull good effe&s have rejected ew at MES
According to Brrcivs the root poflefles an aftringent quality, and the infufion of it is bitterifh, but not un-
the tafte. B
Prec Calerpillié of one of the Fritillary Butterflies (Papilio maturna of Linnzus, the greafy Fritillary of the
Aurelians) feed on the leaves of this fpecies,

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CiwruNcuLUs minimus. Bastarp PiwPERNEL.

CENTUNCULUS Li. Gen. PL "TYETRANDRIA MonocGynia.

Cal. 4 fidus. Cor. 4. fida, patens. Stam. brevia. Caps. 1 locularis,
circum{cifla. | |

Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERB& FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO.
CENTUNCULUS minimus. Linnai Syf. Vegetab, p. 133. Spec. Plantar. p. 169. Flor. Suec. TI Ud
CENTUNCULUS, Haller. Hifi.
CENTUNCULUS, Dilie. Catal. Gifs. p. 161 et App. 5. x11. Lab. 5.
ALSINE paluftris minima, flofculis albis, fru&u Coriandri exiguo. Mentz. Pug. Icon.
ANAGALLIS paluftris. Vaillant. p. 1a. 4. 4. f. 2.

ANAGALLIDIASTRUM exiguum foliis lanceolatis alternis, flore albo fugaci et vix confpicuo. Mf.
cheli nov. gener. p. 14. £. 18. Hudfon, Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 63.

ROOT annual, fimple and fibrous.

STALK from half an inch to an inch in height or more,
fimple or branched at bottom, fomewhat up-

right, round, and {mooth.

LEAVES alternate, feffile, ovate, pointed, entire at
the edge, ímooth, fomewhat flefhy and
Ípreading.

FLOWERS very minute, fingle, in the ale of the
leaves, without footftalks.

CALYX a Periantuium divided deeply into four
fegments, fpreading, and permanent; the
Íegments ovato-lanceolate, brown on the
edge, and longer than the corolla. fig. 1.

COROLLA purplifh, monopetalous, fomewhat wheel-
fhaped; Tuse globular; Lime divided into
four fegments, which are upright, and of a
pointed oval fhape, finally clofed and fitting
like a calyptra on the top of the capfule.

RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa.
CAULIS unguicularis ad pollicarem aut ultra, fimplex
feu ad bafin ramofus, fuüberectus, teres, glaber.

FOLIA alterna, fefülia, ovata, acuta, integerrima,
glabra, fubcarnofa, patentia.

FLORES minimi, folitarii, axillares, feffiles.

CALYX: PrenrANTHIUM quadripartitum, patens, per+
fiftens, laciniis ovato-lanceolatis, margine
fufcis, corolla longioribus. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, purpurafcens, fubrotata;
Tusus globofus; rrMBvus quadripartitus,
erectus, laciniis ovato-acutis ; demum claufis,
et calyptrz inftar capfulà infidentibus. fig. 2-

iocus
STAMINA: four Fi1rAMeEeNts fhorter than the co-

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quatuor, corolla breviora;
rola; ANTHER# very minute and yellow.

ANTHERJ minimz, flavae. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : GzaMzEN fubrotundum, intra tubum
corolle; Sryzus filiformis, longitudine ger-
minis et corolle, erectus, perfiftens; Sric-
MA fimplex. fig. 4.

PERICARPIUM: Carsura globofa, unilocularis,
circumíciffa. fig. 5.

fig. 3.

PISTILLUM, GERMEN roundifh, within the tube
of the corolla; Sryze filiform, the length
of the germen and corolla, upright and per-
manent; STIGMA fimple. fig. 4.

SEED-VESSEL: a CarsuLE of a globular fhape, of
one cavity, dividing horizontally in the
middle. jig.

SEEDS numerous, very fmall and fomewhat conical,

SEMINA plurima, minima, fubconica. fig. 6.
Jf&- 6.

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The Englifh Botanift is here prefented with a plant remarkable for the minutenefs of all its parts, but more
efpecially of its bloffoms, which are not expanded fo as to fhew the interior ftructure of the flower, unlefs the
fun fhines ftrongly on them, then we difcern its yellow ftamina; DirLLEN1vs, who firft gave to this plant the
name of Centunculus and made a new genus of it, remarks a circumftance deferving notice, which is that the
Corolla, which in moft of the rotacee (wheel-fhaped flowers) drops after blofloming, here continues, and covers
the top of the capfule.

From the fmall number of places in which this plant has been defcribed to grow, we have been led to
confider it as a much fcarcer plant than it really is. !

The firft time of my difcovering the Centunculus minimus was this fummer, when herbarizing in company
with Mr. Dyer; I found it on 4hford Common near his country feat, it there grew in tolerable plenty, in moiít
deprefled fituations, ufually overflown in the winter along with the Littorella Jacuftris, pafling from Afbford to
Hounflow Heath, Y there found it in fimilar fituations in greater plenty, Spergula nodofa in bloom, Veronica Serpyl-
lifolia and Sagina procumbens growing in abundance near it; this was about the middle of July, when the plant
had both flowers and capfules on it, and Auguft the arft plants from the fame place removed into my garden
and placed in a pot in a fhady fituation, were in great perfection, fo that the Centunculus is not fo fugacious
a plant as many.

It generally grows about the fize figured in the plate, but may, according to circumftances, be found much
larger, as well as much fmaller.

Its round capfules in the ala of the leaves, like fmall Coriander feeds, contribute moft to the difcovering of it-

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SAGINA PROCUMBENS. PROCUMBENT PEARLWORT.

SAGINA Linnei Gen. PL 'DIETRANDRIA 'TETRAGYNIA.

Cal. 4-phyllus. Petala. 4. Caps. 1-loculatis, 4-valvis, polyfperma.;

Ran Syn. Gen. 24. HERB PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFERJEE.

SAGINA procumbens ramis procumbentibus.

ALSINE tetraftemon foliis connatis, lanceolatis.

SAGINA procumbens. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 183.

Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. Sp. Plant. 185. Fl. Suec n. 155.
Haller bif. n. 861.

SAXIFRAGA anglicana alfinefolia. Gerard emac. 568.

CARYOPHYLLUS minimus mufcofus noftras. Parkinfon. 1340.

ALSINELLA mufcofo flore repens. Cat. Gifs. Rar. Syn. $. 345. Pearl-wort, Chickweed Breakftone.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 23.

Lightfoot. Flor. Scot. p. 125.

RADIX annua plerumque, in locis vero umbrofis fzepe
perennat.,

CAULES plurimi, in umbrofis humentibus repentes,
in aridis erecti, bi, triunciales, teretes, glabri,
geniculati, ramofi, proliferi.

FOLIA femunciam longa, oppofita, patentia, conna-
ta, fubulata, mucronata, glabra, faturate viri-
dia, fafciculatim ramos terminantia.

PEDUNCULTI axillares, plerumque uniflori, alterni,
foliis longiores, priusquam flores aperiuntur
apice nutantes.

CALYX: PrenrANTHIUM tetraphyllum, foliolis ova-
tis, concavis, perfiftentibus, patentibus, fig.1.

COROLLA : PETALA quatuor, minima, calyce triplo
breviora, alba, patentia, fepe manca, fis. 2.

STAMINA : FrLAMENTA quatuor, capillaria; Aw.
THERE fubrotundz, flave, fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: GzzMEx fubglobofum; Sryzr qua-
tuor, fubulati, recurvi, pubefcentes; Svric-
MATA fimplicia, fig. 4.

PERICARPIUM: Capsuta fubovata, pellucida, ca-
: lyce patulo infidens, unilocularis, quadriva-

lvis, frg. 5.

SEMINA numerofa, minima, rufa, receptaculo affixa,

ROOT generally annual, but in fhady places often

perennial.

STALKS numerous, in fhady moift places creeping,
in dry fituations upright, two cr three inches
inlength, round, fmooth, jointed, branched
and proliferous, |

LEAVES half an inch long, oppofite, fpreading, join-
ing at bottom, na:row, and tapering, termi-
nated by a fine hair-like point, fmooth, of
a deep green colour, and terminating the
branches in clufters.

FLOWER-STALKS growing from the ale of the
leaves, ufually fupporting one flower, longer
than the leaves, before the bloffoms open
nodding at top.

CALYX: a PzR1ANTTHIUM of four leaves, which are
oval, hollow, permanent, and fpreading, fig.1.

COROLLA: four PETAL3, very minute, three times
Íhorter than the calyx, white, fpreading, and
often imperfect, fig. 2.

STAMINA: four FIL AMENTS very fine; ANTHERE
roundifh and yellow, fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : Germen fomewhat globular; Srvr.ks
four, tapering, bending back a little, with
an appearance of down on them ; STIGMATA

fimple, fig. 4.

SEED-VESSEL: a CarsuLE fomewhat oval, and
pellucid, fitting on the fpreading calyx, hav-
ing one cavity and four valves, fig. 5.

SEEDS numerous, very fmall, of a reddifh brown
colour, and affixed to a receptacle.

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Few plants are more liable to miflead the young Botanift than this, as there are few that aflume fo great a va-
riety of appearance, in moift fhady fituations, efpecially if growing on the ground, it creeps and forms a thick clofe
turf and looks like a patch of grafs, the leaves are of a fine deep green and rather flefhy, on walls efpecially if it

be the fhady fide, it frequently grows upright even to the

height of fix inches, and is in every refpe& more flender, on

walls that are expofed to the fun it feldom grows more than two inches high, under all this diverfity, the fingu-
lar appearance of its feed veflels will in general eafily diftinguifh it, being placed on the center of the expanded

permanent calyx like a cup on a faucer.

Its petals arc very minute, generally imperfect and fometimes wanting.

It is not unufual to meet with it, having one fifth part of its fructification encreafed.

Being fond of a gravelly foil it often becomes a troublefome weed in gravel walks.

It continues to flower during the whole of the fummer.

In the leaves we have a good example of the folium mucronatum.

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FLORES pedunculati, fecundi; pedunculis alternis,

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Vlvosoris ScorRPIOIDES.

\VLOUSE-EAR SCORPION.GRASS.

MYOSOTIS Lin. Gen. P. PENTANDRIA Monocynta.
Cal. hypocrateriformis, 5. fida, Gthnplnan e Sats claufa fornicibus.
Rai Sym. Gen. 13. HERBH ASPERIFOLIA. |
MYOSOTIS Scorpivides feminibus levibus, foliorum apicibus callofis. Lin. Sy/t. Vecetab. Sp. Ph p. 188.
PL Suecic. s. 157.
SCORPIURUS radice longa fibrata perenni. Hall, bj]. sot. |
MYOSOTIIS Scorpioides. Scopolr n. 185.
ECHIUM {corpioides paluftre Baubin. pin. 2 5 A.
MYOSOTIS fcorpioides paluftris. Ger. emac, 337.
MYOSOTIS fcorpioides repens. Park. 691. Rai Sym. p. 222. n. a Water Scorpion«Grafs.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed 2. p. 78.
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. b. 232.

ROOT runs out to a great length through the water,
and fend down fibres from the joints.

STALK creeping at bottom, afterwards upright, from
one to two feet high, round, folid, branched,

{mooth, but often hairy.

LEAVES alternate, lanceolate, feffile, flightly decur-
rent, {mooth or hirfute, the edge often roll'd
back.

RACEMI long, dichotomous ; divaricating, the tops

. roll’d ine

FLOWERS ftanding on footitalks and growing all one
way ; footitalks alternate and upright.

CALYX: a PEnrANTHIUM of one leaf, tubular, hav-

ing five teeth and permanent. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetalous, falverfhaped, the Tube the
length of the calyx: the Limb flat, divided
into five blunt fegments with a flight notch
in each; the mouth clofed with five convex -

|». prominent yellow fcales or glands. fig. 2. 3. 6.

STAMINA : five Filaments, very fhort, placed in the
neck ofthe tube ; AN' THERE oblong, yellow,
the tips fwelled, and enclofed. fig. 4.

PISTILLUM: Germiwa four; STYLE thread fhaped,
the length of the tube of the corolla ; Stigma
blunt.

SEEDVESSEL wanting, the Calyx containing and
enclofing the feeds.

SEEDS four, oval, {mooth, blackifh, and fhining. fic. 5.

RADIX per aquam longe excurrit, et fibrillas e geni-
culis dimittit.

€AULIS bafi repens, dein erectus, pedalis aut bipe-
dalis, teres, folidus, ramoius, glaber, ixpe
hirfutus.

FOLIA alterna, lanceolata, fefflia, fubdecurrentia,
glabra five hirfuta, margine: fzepe revoluta.

RACEMI longi, dichotomi, divaricati, apicibus invo-
lutis.

erectis.
CALYX: PzniawTHivM: monophyllum, tubulatum,
quinquedentatum, perfiftens. fig. 1.
COROLLA monopetala, hypocrateriformis, Tubus lon-
eitudine calycis ; Lrmbus planus, femiquinque-
fidus, Jacinuis obtufis, fubemarginatis; Faux
claufa fquamulis quinque convexis, promi-
nentibus, luteis. ffe. 2. 3. 6.

STAMINA: FiEAMENTA quinque in collo tubi, bre-
viffima : AnTHER# oblongz, flavae, apicibus
tumidis, te&tee. jig. 4.

PISTILLUM : Germina quatuor; STYLUS filiformis,

longitudine tubi corolle ; Srrema obtufum.
PERICARPIUM nullum, Calyx femina in finu fovens.

SEMINA quatuor, ovata, glabra, nigri cantia, nitida.
Ji. 5.

Few plants affume fo great a variety of appéarances as the Myofotis Seorpioides, few accomodate themfelves to
fuch a diverfity of foil, and fituation ; the very different habit which this’ plant affumes in dry, and wet fitu-
ations, has induced Harrzm to divide it into two fpecies, viz. annual and perennial, the aquatic one having
according to him a perennial, and the other an annual root; we might perhaps be nearly as much juftified in
confidering fome others of its ftriking varieties as fpecies alfo, - particularly the one with yellow flowers and the
larger flowered one figured by R Av, but as Linn us and the generality of modern Botanifts agree in confider-
ing them all but ‘as one fpecies, we rather chufe to acquieíce in their determination ; fhould future obfervation
or experiment give us any reafon to fuppoíe them fpecies, we fhall be very. happy to do juftice to the opinion
ef Baron HALLER.

The aquatic variety here figured grows very commonly in wet ditches and rivulets, its flowers efpecially
in fhady fituations being much larger and more confpicuous than when growing in a dry foil are often re-
marked for their beauty and delicacy, they fomewhat refemble blue enanrel, and are a very pretty ornament fot
the edges of ponds. |

Oi dry ground it ufually occurs in fallow fields, and gardens but little cultivated ; the da Si ee
flowers is not unfrequent on dry fandy banks, and fometimes on walls; they all flower from May to
Auguft and September.

Linn.aus- fufpe&ts its being poifonous to fheep, vide Stling fleets mifcel. tracts. p« 355+ ed. 2-

n

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LvsrMaAcHiA INUMMULARIA. Monevworr

LYSIMACHIA Linnei, Gen. Pl. PEwTANDRIA Monocynta.
Cor. rotata. Caps. globofa, mucronata, ro-valvis.

Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBA FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO,
LYSIMACHIA Nummularia folus fubcordatis, floribus folitariis, caule repente. Lin. Syff. Veget. p. 165.
Sp. Pl. 5. 211. Fl. Suecic. p. 63. |
LYSIMACHIA caule proftrato, folus fubrotundis, petiolis alaribus unifloris, Haller. Hifi. Helv. n. 629,
LYSIMACHIA Nummularia. Scopoli. Fl. Carniol. n. 216.
NUMMULARIA major lutea. Baubin, Pin. 309.
NUMMULARIA. Gerard. emac. 630.

NUMMULARIA vulgaris. Parkinfon. 555.
Raii. Synop. p. 283, Moneywort, or Herb 'T'wo-pence,
Ocder. Flor. Dan. Ic. 49 »
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 87.
Lightfoot. Fl, Scot. b. 138.

ROOT perennial and fibrous, the fibres fimple, and

ftriking downward.

RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris fimplicibus, defcen-
dentibus,

STALKS numerous, fimple, trailing, towards the top
creeping and fomewhat branched, a foot or
more in length, fmooth, jointed, deeply
channeled on each fide, or four cornered,

CAULES plures, fimplices, procumbentes, verfus a-
picem repentes et fubramofi, pedales et ul-
tra, leves, geniculati, utrinque profunde ca-
naliculati, five tetragoni.

LEAVES ofa fhape betwixt ovate and round, oppofite,
upright, fmooth, fomewhat veiny, anda lit-
tle waved, fitting on fhort broad foot-ftalks,
which run down the main ftalk,

FOLJA ovato-orbiculata, oppofita, erecta, glabra, fub-
venofa, parum undulata, petiolis brevibus,
latis, decurrentibus, infidentia,

FLOWER-STALKS growing generally two together,
one oppofite the other, upright, the length
of the leaves, angular, gradually enlarged to-
wards the end,

PEDUNCULI plerumque bini, oppofiti, erecti, longi-
tudine foliorum, angulati, verfus apicem fen-
fim incraffati:

M

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

i

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Y

Y

T

M

Y

Y

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Y

Y

M

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Y

Y

i
FLORES lutei, majufculi, fubrotati. Y FLOWERS yellow, large in proportion to the leaves,
: and fomewhat wheel-fhaped.,
M
Y CALYX: a PeRiantuiv of five leaves, heart-fhaped
: and pointed, fomewhat keeled, the edges at
: bottom turning back, jig. 1.
Y
Y
i
M
i
Y
M
Y
Y
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
i
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Y
Y
Y

CALYX: PznrANTHIUM pentaphyllum, foliolis cor-
dato-acutis, erectis, fubcarinatis, marginibus,

bafi reflexis, jig. I.
COROLLA deeply divided into five fegments, which

are oval, pointed, and twice the length of the
calyx, flightly jagged and glandular on the
edge, if viewed with a microfcope, fig. 2.

COROLLA quinquepartita, laciniis ovatis, acutis,
patentibus, calyce duplo longioribus, fubero-
fis, margine glandulofà, adhibito microfcopio,

Qu MB
[9]

STAMINA: five FitAMENTS, tapering, upright,
glandular, and fhorter than the corolla: AN-
THER arrow-Íhaped, fig. 3, 4.

STAMINA: FIiLAMENTA quinque, fubulata, erecta,
‘glandulofa, corolla breviora; ANTHER# Ía-

gittatz, jig. 3, 4.
PISTILLUM : GznwrN nearly round: Srvrx thread-

fhaped, a little longer than the ftamina:
STIGMA fmall and blunt, fig. 5, 6.

PISTILLUM: GzaMEN fubrotundum: SrTYyrvs fili-
formis, ftaminibus paulo longior, nudus:
STIGMA parvum, obtufum, jig. 5, 6,

PERICARPIUM plerumque abortat. SEED-VESSEL rarely comes to perfection,

IT often happens that thofe plants which increafe much while in flower, either by their roots or ftalks,
feldom produce ripe feeds: this is the cafe with the Butterbur and Perrwinkle, as well as the prefent plant, on
which, though I have examined a great number of fpecimens, I have not hitherto been fortunate enough to difcover
capfules ripe and perfectly formed; yet it is probable, that in fome particular fituations, fuch may be found.

The name of Moneywort has been given to this fpecies from the roundnefs of its leaves, by which it is in one
inftance, diftinguifhed from the Lyfimachia nemorum. It grows in meadows, particularly on the edges of the ditches ;
alfo under hedges in moift fituations ; and is too common to need any particular place of its growth to be pointed out.

In a moift fituation, no plant thrives more in a garden, nor with lefs trouble: it continues a long while in
bloffm: but without this advantage, the beauty and fingularity of its foliage, is fufficient to recommend it.

The tafte of the leaves is fubaftringent, and very flightly acid; hence they ftand recommended by BoERHAVE
in the hot fcurvy, and in uterine and other hemorrhages, But their effects are fo inconfiderable, that common
practice takes no notice of them. Lewis’s Difp. p. 1984.

It is eaten by Kine and Sheep, not much relifhed by Goats, and refufed by Horfes. Lin. Amen. Acad. Pan. Suec,

uc

es
459. Bid

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ANAGALLIS TENELLA. Boo PiurEnNxEL

ANAGALLIS Lim Gen. Pl. PEN TANDRIA Monocynta.

Cor. rotata. Caps. circumfciffa.

Rar. Sym. Gem 18. HERBE FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI FLORE MONOPETALO.

ANAGALLIS tenella foliis ovatis acutiufculis, caule repente. Lin, Syft. Vegetab. p. 165. Sp. Pi.

POM

LYSIMACHIA tenella. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 87.
ANAGALLIS tenel/a Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 1 39-

NUMMULARIA minor flore purpurafcente, Bauhin pin. 310. Ger. emac,

630. Park 555. Rai. Sym.

f. 283. Purple-flowered Moneywort.

RADIX perennis, fibrofa.
CAULES plurimi, bipollicares aut palmares, teretes,
glabri, repentes, ramofi, geniculis purpureis.

FOLIA oppofita, parva, fubrotunda, integerrima, utrin-
que glabra, petiolis breviffimis 1nfidentia.

PEDUNCULI axillares, bini, longi, etiam pollicares,

erecti, demum incurvati, fimplices, uniflori.

FLORES fubcampanulati, pro ratione plante majuf-
culi, venis rubellis, faturatioribus picti, jig.

nce | M
CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quinquepartitum, laciniis
lanceolatis, concavis, rubro punctatis, corollà
brevioribus. 54 Been GO:

o,
o
COROLLA rotata, quinquepartita, laciniis ovatis,

erectis, acutiufculis, carneis, venisfaturatioribus

ftriatis. fig. 3. 4.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque, alba, pilofiffima,
pilis albis, fuberecs, articulatis: AN THERJE
ovate, flava. fig. .5 6. 7. 8.

PISTILLUM : Germen fubrotundum; STrvrvs fubu-
latus, antheris paulo longior, STIGMA
fimplex. jig. 9. A
PERICARPIUM: Capsuta circumfciffa, magnitudine
feminis coriandri, rotunda, pallida, levis. fig.
Tks ms

SMINA plurima, fubangulata, apice truncata. fig.

13: 0X4

44 Ay DED DED D> DDD D> Dr? DEDEDE D> DED DEDEDE D> DED DT D> DE DED HOMO D> DED DT D> DE-DE DAD DDD DPM DY

ROOT perennial and fibrous.

STALKS numerous from two to four inches long,
round, {mooth, creeping, branched, the joints
purple.

LEAVES oppofite, fmall, nearly round, entire at the
edge, {mooth on both fides, fitting on very
fhort foot-ftalks.

FLOWER-STALKS growing in pairs from the alze
of the leaves, even an inch in length, upright,
but finally bent downward, fingle, and fup-
porting one flower on each.

FLOWERS fomewhat bell-fhaped, rather large for the
fize of the plant, of a reddifh colour, and
painted with deeper colour'd veins. ffr. 3. 4.

CALYX: a Pertanruium deeply divided into five
fegments, which are lanceolate, concave,
dotted with red, and fhorter than the corolla.
DUET. EOS

COROLLA wheel-fhaped, deeply divided into five
fegments, which are ovate, upright, a little
pointed, of pale red, ftriped with veins of a
deeper colour. fig. 3. 4.

STAMINA: five FiILAMENTSs, of a white colour and:
very hairy, the hairs upright, white alfo and
jointed; ANTHERJE ovate and of a yellow
colour. Fig. 5. 6. 7. 8.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN roundifh ; Styze tapering,
a little longer than the Anthere; Stigma
fimple. Fig. 9.

SEED VESSEL: a round CarsurE, fmooth, of a
pale colour, about the fize of a Coriander
feed, {plitting horizontally in the middle.
Big. 11. 12.

SEEDS numerous, fomewhat angular and cut off at

top. Fig. 13. 14.

IF the horizontal divifion of the capfule, joined to the hairinefs of the filaments, be the characters which
conftitute the Genus agal/is, this plant is undoubtedly with much propriety referred to it by Linnaus, and
removed from that of Ly/imachia with which it was before connected; for it not only has an evident Capfula
circumfcifja, but the hairs of the filaments are alfo jointed, in which they refemble thofe of the Anagallis arvenfis
heretofore defcribed and figured in the beginning of this work— Producing ripe capfules but fparingly, and grow-
ing in fituations not always the eafieft of acceís, it 1s no wonder that thefe difcoveries fhould be of modern date.

Mr. Hunson in the fecond edition of his Flora Anglica without affigning any reafons, chufes to continue it a

Lyfimachia.

It is a very common plant on Bogs, indeed there is fcarce a bog of any extent on which it is not to be found,
the boggy part of Shirley-Common atfords it moft abundantly, it flowers in the months of June, July, and Au-
euft, and towards the end of the latter ripens its capfules.

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Vinca MINOR. SMALL PERIWINKLE

VINCA Lin. Gen. Pl. PENTANDRIA MonoGyNIA.
Rai Syn. Gen. 17 HERBIE MULTISILIQUA SEU CORNICULAT.E.
VINCA mrnor caulibus procumbentibus, foliis lanceolato ovatis, floribus pedunculatis. Lin. Sf. Vege
tab. p. 209. Sp. Pl. 304.
PERVINCA caulibus procumbentibus, foliis ovato lanceolatis, petiolis unifloris. Haller. brfl. 572.
CLEMATIS daphnoides minor. B. Pin. 301.
VINCA. PERVINCA minor. Ger. emac. 894.
VINCA PERVINCA vulgaris. Parkins. 380. Raii Sym. p.268. Periwinkle.
Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 91. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 147.

RADIX perennis, repens, fibrofa.

CAULES floriferi erecti, fimplices, dodrantales, aut pe-
dales, in fepibus etiam, vepris fuftentati ad
altitudinem humanam quandoque evehuntur,
debiles, teretes, glabri, utrinque fulco obfo-
lete notati, peracta florefcentià humi repent.

ROOT perennial, creeping and fibrous.

STALKS producing the flowers, are upright, fimple,
from nine inches to a foot in height, and fome-
times in hedges fupported by the bufhes,
they are raifed to the height of fix feet, weak,
round, fmooth, marked on each fide with a
groove faintly impreffed, when out of bloom
creeping on the ground.

LEAVES oppofite, ftanding on footftalks four times
Íhorter than the leaves themfelves, evergreen,
fomewhat like thofe of Privet, oval, and
pointed, fmooth and fhining, the edge per-
fe&ly entire, and naked, thofe on the flower-
ing ftalks of the moft lively colour.

THE FLOWERING STALK produces one or two
handfome flowers, fometimes more, of a blue
or purple colour, with a white eye, and much
difpofed to be double.

FLOWER-STALKS fupporting one flower, axillary,
alternate, nearly upright, almoft twice the

length of the leaves, round, {mooth and fhin-

M

Y

Y

Y

t

Y

M

Y

t

:
FOLIA oppofita, petiolata, petiolis foliis ipfis quadruplo i
M
Y
Y
T
Y
Y
1
Y
¥
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1
H
t
M
M
:

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Y
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Y
Y
Y
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Y
Y
Y
Y
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Y
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M
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M
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brevioribus, fempervirentia, liguftrina, ovato-
lanceolata, glabra, margine integerrima, nuda ;
in caulibus floriferis lzetius virentia.

CAULIS FLORIFERUS unicum aut duos flores, etiam
plures aliquando producit, caruleos, purpu-
reosve, pulchellos, ocello albo, ad plenitudinem

ronos.

PEDUNCULI uniflori, axillares, alterni, fubereéti,
folis duplo fere longiores, teretes, glabri, pur-
puraícentes.

e

CALYX: a PgnraNTHIUM deeply divided into five
fegments, three times fhorter than the corolla,
permanent, the fegments upright, pointed
and {mooth. fg. 1. — '

COROLLA monopetalous, falver-fhaped ; Tube below
cylindrical, above fpreading, having five
grooves, fomewhat rigid, externally fhining,
internally villous; Limb horizontal, deeply
divided into five fegments, which appear to
grow to the top of the tube, externally
broadeft and cut off obliquely.

STAMINA: five FILAMENTS, very fhort, bent in,
and afterwards back again, dilated above;
AN THER membranous, blunt, bent in, hairy,
producing its farina on each fide of the edge.

PISTILLUM: Germina two, roundifh, fomewhat
flattened at the fides by two fhining corpuf-
cles of the length of the germina; STYLE
inverfely conical, the length of the ftamina;

CALYX: Pza1ANTHIUM quinquepartitum, tubo co-
rolhe triplo brevior, perfiftens, laciniis erec-
tis, acutis, glabris. fig. t.

COROLLA monopetala, hypocrateriformis ; Zzbus in-
ferne cylindraceus, fuperne latior, lineis quin-
que infculptus, rigidulus, externe nitidus, in-
terne villotus; Lunbus horizontalis, quinque-
partitus, lacinüs apici tubi adnatis, extror-
fum latioribus, oblique truncatis,

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, breviffima, in-
flexa, retroflexa, fuperne dilatata; ANTHERE
membranacez, obtufz, incurvee, pilofze, mar-
ine utrinque fariniferz. fig. 9. 10.

PISTILLUM: Germina duo, fubiotunda, compreffa
corpufculis duobus ad latera, nitidis, longitu-
dine germinum ; STYLvs obverfe conicus,
longitudine ftaminum ; Sr1GMATA duo, in-
ferius orbiculatum, planum, margine vifci- STIGMATA two, the lowermoft orbicular,
dum, fuperius capitatum, pilofum, albiffi- flat, and clammy on the edge, the uppermoft
mum. jig. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. If. forming a little tuft of very white hairs.

WHOEVER looks into the tube of this flower with any degree of attention, muft be ftruck with the wifdom
fhewn in the formation of the parts contained within it; in all the plants I have feen I do not recollect any greater
inftance of care taken to preferve the tender parts of the fructification, each Anthera is terminated by a membrane
which bends over at top, and the membranes of all the Antherz clofing together, effectually feclude every thing
which might injure the parts of the fructification below them, diftinguifhed not lefs by the delicacy than the fin-
gularity of their ftructure. The filaments in their fhape fomewhat refemble a note of interrogation, the Antherze
in their {truéture are very fimilar to thofe of the violet, and open inwardly in the fame manner: the ftyle which
in moft flowers is broadeft at top 1s here flendereft; they are two in number, but fo clofely united, that, without
a magnifier, the divilion is fcarce to be perceived ; the ftigmata, according to Linnzus, are two in number 5 it is
moft probable, however, that the lowermoft, which is flat with a glutinous edge, and which forms a kind of ring
round the ftyles, is the true ftigma; the top is a little clevated above the ftigma, and appears like a round white
ball, which, when magnified, is found to confift of a number of hairs diverging from one center, in the microf-
cope it is a very pleafing fight; the ripe feed veflel of this plant I have not been able to difcover; they are moft
probably rarely produced. : "s

‘This fpecies of Periwinkle varies much in the colour of its blofloms, which are fometimes purple, fometimes of
a pale blue colour, and fometimes white; in the gardens it is alfo fold with divers forts of variegated foliage and
double bloffoms. Jm

At the foot of a fhelter'd hedge expofed to the morning fun, it flourifhes very much, efpecially if the foil be
moift, and affords a very pretty ornamental flower in the ipring months, nor is it fo fugacious as many, but will
continue in bloflom a month or fix weeks. ^a

Jt may probably be found wild in divers places about London; as yet, however, I have noticed it in one fpot
only, ve. in the hedge of a field on the left hand fide of Lordfhip Lane near Dulwich, where it had every ap-
pearance of being in a wild ftate.

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CnrgNoropivM Bonus Henricus. Goop Kinc Henry.

CHENOPODIUM. Lin. Gen. PL PE&NTANDRIA DIGYNIA.

Cal. 5 phyllus, 5 gonus, Cor.o. Sem. 1. lenticulare, fuperum.

Ras. Syn. Gen. 5, dERBX FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO
POTIUS.

CHENOPODIUM Bonus Henricus folis triangulari fagittatis integerrimis, fpici fitis aphyllis axil-
larnbus. Lin, Syft. Vegetab. p. 216. Sp. PI. p. "e 8. Fl. A fi. 214. picis compolitis aphyllis axil

CHENOPODIUM foliis triangularibus, undulatis, integerrimis, fubtus farinofis. Haller. bif. n. 1 578.
'CHENOPODIUM Bonus Henricus. Seopok. Fl. Carn. 278.

LAPATHUM unctuofum folio triangulo. Baub. pin, 11$.

BLITUM perenne. Bonus Heuricus dictum. Bonus Henricus T. B. 11. 965. Ger. emac. 329.

LAPATHUM un&uofum. Park. 1225. Rai Sys p. 156. common Englifh Mercury, or All-good.
Hudfon Fl Angl. ed. 2. p. 104. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 147.

RADIX perennis, ramofa. * ROOT perennial and branched.

CAULIS pedalis, ad fefquipedalem, ‘erectus, ad bafin X STALK from a foot to a foot and a half in height, at
teres, laevis, fuperne ftriato-angulatus, farina | bottom round and {mooth, upwards finely
diaphana adfperfus, ramofus. grooved, and fomewhat angular, covered with
tranfparent powdery globules, and branched.

LEAVES ftanding on footítalks, alternate, triangularly
arrow-iíhaped. fmooth, underneath veiny, of
a paler colour and mealy, fomewhat waved,
and entire at the edge.

SPIKE of flowers terminal, yellowifh, conical, naked,
mealy, below branched, above cluftered and
cylindrical.

CALYX: a Perianrurum of one leaf, deeply di-
vided into five fegments, which are fomewhat
wedpe-fhaped, concave, membranous at the
edge, and jagged at top. fig. 1.

COROLLA wanting.

STAMINA: five FILAMENTSs tapering, a little lorger
than the calyx ; ANTHERZ roundith, double,
and yellow. fig. 2.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN ovate, flattened; SrTvr&
wanting; STIGMA divided to the bafe into
two, three, or four fegments, which run out
toa point, are of a whitifh colour, and fpread-

FOLIA petiolata, alterna, fagittato-triangularia, levia,
fubtus venofa, pallidiora, et farinofa, fubun-
dulata, integerrima,

SPICA florum terminalis, lutefcens, conica, nuda, pul-
verulenta, inferne compofita, fuperne glome-
rata, cylindrica.

CALYX: PErianruium monophyllum, quinquepar-
titum, laciniis fubcuneiformibus, concavis,
margine membranaceis, apice dentato erofis.
fg. 1.

COROLLA nulla

STAMINA: FriLAMENTA quinque, fubulata, calyce
paulo longiora; ANTHER# fubrotundz, di-
dyme, flave. fig. 2 —

PISTILLUM: GERMEN ovatum, compreffum ; Sry-
Lus nullus ; STIGMA bipartitum, tripartitum,
aut etiam quadripartitum, laciniis acuminatis

albidis, patentibus. jig. 4.

3

PERICARPIUM nullum, calyx continens jemen uni-
cum, majufculum, fubreniforme, compreffum,
calycem excedens, epidermide tenui obte&tum.

ing. fig. 4»

SEED-V ESSEL wanting, the calyx containing a fingle
feed, large, fomewhat kidney-fhaped, flattened,
exceeding the calyx, and covered with a
fine skin, fig. 5.

FEMALE FLOWERS numerous among the herma-

phrodite ones.

Sig: 5-
FLORES FEMINE], plurimi, intra hermaphroditos.

A644: 44 4 44 AE GE 44 AE AE 44446 44 4130 446 44 1416 44644 44644 A4 4164 HE 4 164414 A44 444 A 44 S €

Several plants of the Orach and Goofefoot kind are gathered while young and tender by the poorer fort of
people to fupply the place of Spinach and other greens, one of them is the prefent plant, whofe excellence as a
pot-herb feems not to be fo generally known as it deferves ; at Boffon in Lincolnfbire, and probably in many other
places in the kingdom, they are fenfible of its value, itisthere univerfally cultivated, every one poffeffing the leaft
{pot of ground has his plantation of Englifh Mercury; by them it is confidered as fuperior to Spinach, and al-
ways preferred to it, yet, ftrange to tell! this ufefull herb is unknown to the greateft Herb-market in the world,
Covent-Garden.

To produce this defireable plant in its greateft perfection, fow the feed about March on a deep loomy foil pre-
pared as for Afparagus, let the fecdlings continue to grow till Autumn, about the middle of September, taking
advantage of a wet feafon, fet them out on a bed fimilar to that on which they were fown, about a foot apart,
keep them clear of weeds, and the enfuing Spring and Summer the plant will afford an abundant crop, the
young fhoots with their leaves and tops are to be cut as they fpring up, and being a perennial plant it will con-
tinue thus plentifully to produce for a great number of years; in the winter the bed is to be covered with dung,
which fhould be raked offas the Spring advances, when the earth around the roots is carefully to be dug or forked up.

As a medicine this herb is ranked among the emollients, but rarely made ufe of in practice; the leaves are
applied by the common people for healing flight wounds, cleanfing old ulcers, and other like purpofes.

It giows in uncultivated places, by road-fides, and particularly in the environs of Farm-yards, like moft of
the fame genus appearing to be fond of dung; it produces both flowers and feeds from May to Auguft.

From all the other Chenopodiums it differs in having a perennial root.

'The name by which it is moft commonly called is that of Mercury, a name which tends to confound it with
the other Mercuries (Mercurialis annua, and perennis) and which it were better if poflible to get rid of by ufing
the old botanic name of Good King Henry, ——

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SAMBUCUS EsvurLvus Dwarr ELDER.

SAMBUCUS Lin. Gen. Ph PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA
Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. s-fida. Bacca. 3-fpermas
Raii Sym Gem AmBonEs ET Frurices:

SAMBUCUS Ebulus cymis tripartitis, ftipulis foliaceis, cata herbaceo.; a Syft. Fever, fe Dry
. Sp. PL p. 385. Fl. Suecic. n. 266.

SAMBUCUS herbacea ; floribus unibellatis. Haller: bifl. n. 67i.

SAMBUCUS Ebulus. Scopoli Fl. Carm. h. 371.

SAMBUCUS huinilis feu Ebulus. Bauh. Pin, 456.

EBULUS five Sambucus humilis. Ger. emac. i426. Parkins. 209. Rai Syn. 461. Dwarf: Elde;.

Walwort, or Danewort.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. éd, 2. p. 130.
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. p. i71.

ROOT creeping, fcarce to be eradicated.

STALK fix feet high, herbaceous, roundifh, fmooth,
channeled, joints fomewhat enlarged, purp-
lith, branched above, the branches oppofite
and upright. |

LEAVES oppofite, pinnated, having four or fix pair
of pinnz with an odd one at the extremity,
with or without ftipule, the pinnz or fmall
leaves ovato-lanceolate, unequal at the bafe,
ferrated, veiny, fmooth above, downy with
a flight roughnefs underneath, and whiter,
the lowermoft often cut into lobes.

STIPULZE growing in fours, ftanding on foot-ftalks,
fomewhat heart-fhaped, ferrated, the upper-

. moft often bent back.

CORYMBUS terminal, divided into three branches,
which are fomewhat naked, the outer ones
roundith, the middle one flattened, compofed
of numerous cymz, ftanding on partial foot-
flalks, bloffoms alfo furnifhed with foot-
ftalks:

CALYX: aPERIAN THIUM of one leaf, placed above
the germen, having five teeth, which are
ay broad, pointed, upright and purple.
Osh.

COROLLA monopetalous, wheel-fhaped, divided in-
to five fegments, which are ovate, pointed,
hollow and turn’d back, externally at the tip
purphíh and wrinkled. fig. 2.

STAMINA : five Firamanrs, nearly upright, round-
ifh, thick, wrinkled, white, the length of
the corolla; ANTHER# frit reddiíh, large,
double, ata little diftance from each other,
parallel, oblong, grooved above, laftly be-
coming of a blackifh colour. fie. 3.

PISTILLUM : Germezn placed below the corolla,
iomewhat ovate, faintly angular, and fmooth;
STYLE none, STIGMATA three, fomewhat
kidney-fhaped, coloured, and glutinous.

Jg. 4. 5.

RADIX repens, vix eradicanda.

CAULIS orgyalis, herbaceus, teretiusculus, glaber,
undique ftriato-fulcatus; fubgeniculatus : ge-
niculis purpureis; fuperne rdmofus, ramis

oppofitis, erectis. | ob cred

FOLIA oppofita, pinnata, quadrijuga, feu fexjuga,
cum impari, ftpulata feu exftipulata; foliolis
ovato-lanceolatis, bafi inzequalibus, ferratis,
venofis, fupra glabris, fubtus pubefcenti-fca-
bris, pallidioribus, inferioribus fzpe lobato-
incifis.

STIPULA quaternz, petiolate, fubcordatz, ferratz,

fuperioribus fepe recurvatis.

CORYMBUS terminalis, tripartitus, ramis fubnudis,
exterioribus teretiufculis, intermedio com-
preflo; compofitus e cymis pluribus pedun-
culatis, nudis; floribus pedicellatis.

CALYX: Pertantatum monophyllum, fuperum,
quinquedentatum, dentibus ovato-acutis, e-
rectis, purpureis. jig. I.

COROLLA monopetala, rotata, quinquepartita, la-
ciniis ovato-acutis, concavis, reflexis, externe
ad apicem purpurafcentibus et tugofis. frg. 2,

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque, fuberecta, te e-
tiuscula, crafla, rugofa, alba, longitudine
corollae; ANTHER# primum rubicundz, mag-
ne, didymz, fibi invicem. paululum remo-
te, parallele, oblonge, fupra íulcatz de-

mum nigricantes. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN inferum, fubovatum, obfolete
angulatum, glabrum ; SrvrLvs nullus ; Stic-
MATA tria, fubreniformia, colorata, gluti-

nofa. fig. 4. 5.

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THE leaves, roots, and bark of the dwarf Elder havea naufeous, fharp, bitter tafte, and a kind of acrid
ungratefull fmeli; they are all {trong cathartics, and as fuch are recommended in Dropfies, and other cafes
where medicines of that kind are indicated. The bark of the root is {aid to be the ftrongeft ; the leaves the
weakeft; but they are all too churlifh medicines for general ufe: they fometimes evacuate violently upwards,
almoft always naufeate the ftomach and occafion great uneafinefs of the bowels: by boiling they become like
the other draftics milder and more fafe in their operation ; the berries of this plant are likewife purgative, but lefs
virulent than the other parts: arob prepar'd from them may be given to the quantity of an ounce as a cathar-
tic ; and in fmaller ones as an aperient and deobftruent in chronic diforders. In this laft intention it is {aid by
HarrLEm to be frequntly ufed in Swifferland in the dofe of a dram. Lewis’s Dip. 5. 137.

In moft Phyfic Gardens this plant is cultivated, but is rarely met with wild about London ; I have obíerved
it two places only, the one in a hedge which furrounds a part of Mr. BEavrov's Garden, Cupers-Bridge,
Lambeth Maríh, the other in a Lane leading down to Upton, Effex, by the garden wall of the late
Dr. ForHERGILL.

It differs from the common Elder in many refpets, particularly in being herbaceous, and in having a root
which creeps and is very troublefome in gardens, its leaves alío are narrower with more numerous pinne a:tached
to the mid-rib; the lower pinne of which are fubje& toa fingular variation as is fhewn in the figure.

Not lefs does it differ in its fru&ification as will appear from the defcription to which the reader is referred,

It flowers in June and July, and but rarely ripens se berries.

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LInuM CATHARTICUM. PURGING Prax

LINUM Lin. Gen. Pl. Pewranpria PENTAGYNIA Cal, 6 phyllus. Pet 5. Caps s. valvis, ro locu-
laris. Sem. folitaria.

Rau Syn. Gen. 24. HERBS PENTAPETALZ VASCULIFERA,

LINUM catharticum folis oppofitis, ovato-lanceolatis, caule dichotomo, corollis acutis. Lin. Sy/. Ve-
getah. p. 250. Sp. plant. p. 401. FL Suecic. p. 100.

LINUM folis conjugatis, ovatis, calycibus ariftatis, patulis, lanceolatis. Haller Hift. m. 839.

LINUM «atbarticum. Scopoli. Fl. Carn. n. 399.

LINUM pratenfe flofculis exiguis. Baubin. pin. 214.

LINUM fylveftre catharticum. Ger. emac. 560. Parkinfom 1336. Raii Sym. p. 362. purging or wild
Dwar£-Flax or Mill-mountain.

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. $. 174.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 134.

a —M——————————————————

RADIX annua, fibrofa. ROOT annual, and fibrous.
CAULIS paimaris aut dodrantalis, erectus, teres, levis,
{uperne ramofus.

STALK from three to nine inches high, upright,
round, fmooth, branched at top.

FOLIA oppofita, elliptica, fubere&a, levia, integer-
rima, glauca, in fummis ramis alterna,
lanceolata.

LEAVES oppofite, elliptical, nearly upright, fmooth,
perfectly entire, glaucous, on the tops of
the branches alternate, and lanceolate.

FLORES albi, ante anthefin penduh. FLOWERS white, before they blow pendulous.

CALYX: PzuawTHIUM pentaphyllum, perfiftens,

CALYX: a PeriantTuivum of five leaves and perma-
foliolis lanceolatis, erectis, carinatis. fig. 1.

nent, the leaves lanceolate, and upright,
with a prominent midrib. fig. 1.

COROLLA pentapetala, petalis Calyce duplo longi-
oribus, patentibus, ovatis, acutis, prope bafin
leviter coharentibus, trinervibus, unguibus

flayis. ffe. 2.

COROLLA compofed of five petals, which are twice
the length of the Calyx, fpreading, oval and
pointed, flightly uniting at the bafe, having

' three ribs and yellow claws. fig. 2.

STAMINA: Frr AMENTA quinque zequalia, fubulata,
bafi latiora, fubcoalefcentia ; Aw THERE fub-
rotunda, flave. fig. 3.

STAMINA: five FinaAMENTSs of equal length, ta-
pering, broadeft and flightly uniting at
bottom; ANTHER# roundifh and yellow.
f&- 3

PISTILLUM: GerMeEN angular; STvrEs five, the
length of the Stamina; STiGMATA round-
ih, and yellow. fig. 4. 5.

PISTILLUM: Germen fubovatum, angulatum;
StyLI quinque, longitudine ftaminum ;
SrIGMATA rotunda, flava. fig 4. 5.

PERICARPIUM: Capsura globofa, angulata, de-

cemlocularis,. quinquevalvis, Calyce tecta.

jig. 6.
SEMINA folitaria, ovata, planiufcula, flava, nitida.

Sw R^

SEED-VESSEL: a round, angular CarsvrE, with
ten cavities and five valves cover'd with

the Calyx. ffe. 6.

SEEDS fingle, oval, flattifh, yellow and fhining.
Jg. 7+

THIS fmall and delicate fpecies of Flax is a very common plant throughout the kingdom on billy |

fituations particularly where the foil is chalky, it alfo fometimes found in Meadows.

It Bowers in June, July and Auguft

An infufion in water or whey of a handfull of the frefh leaves, or a dram of them in fubftance when
dried, are faid to purge without inconvenience. Lewis Dip. p. 168.

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FRITILLARIA MELEAGRIS. Common’ Farritiary.

FRITILLARIA Lin. Gen. Pl. Hexanpria Monoeynta.

Cor. 6. petala, campanulata, fupra ungues cavitate neCtarifera. Stam.
longitudine corolla.

Rai. Syn. Gen. 26, HERB RADICE BULBOSA PRJEDI T X,

FRITILLARIA Meleagris foliis omnibus alternis, caule unifloro. Lin, Sy. Vegetadb. f. 269. Sp. Pi.
P- 436. FL. Sueeic. n. 283. 1

FRITILLARIA caule paucifloro folis caulinis gramineis alternis. Haller. bif. a. 1235
FRITILLARIA Meleagris. Scopoli Fl. Carm. m. 405.

FRITILLARIA precox purpurea variegata. — Baub. pin. 64.

FRITILLARIA vulgaris. Parkinfon. Parad. 4o.

FRITILLARIA variegata. Gerard. emac. 149. Ran. bii. p. 1106. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed, 2. p. 144.

RADIX: Bulbus magnitudine nucis avellana, folidus,
albus, fubrotundus, in plures feparabilis,
bulbo precedentis anni, marcido, rugofo in
thecá quafi inclufus.

CAULIS fpithameus et altior, erectus, teres, fimplex,
levis, glaucus, haud infrequenter purpurat-

i FESTIS:

FOLIA caulina quatuor, aut quinque, alterna, femi-
amplexicaulia, fublipearia, inferne rotundata,
fuperne concava, fubtortuofa, glauca.

ROOT: a bulb about the fize of a hazel nut, folid,
white, roundifh, divifible into feveral, inclo-
fed by the withered, wrinkly bulb of the
preceding year as in a cafe.

STALK from half a foot to a foot in height, upright,
round, fimple, glaucous, and not unfrequent-
ly purplifh.

LEAVES ofthe ftalk about four or five in number,
alternate, half embracing the ftalk, fome-
what linear, round on the under and hollow
on the upper fide, fomewhat twifted and
glaucous.

FLOWER: a fingle bloflom on the top of the ftalk,
large, pendulous, firft fomewhat pyramidal,
and afterwards bell-fhaped.

CALYX wanting.

COROLLA: fix Petats, of an oblong ovate fhape,
equal, beautifully checquer'd with purple and
white, and gibbous at the bafe. fig. 1.

NECTARY-a narrow cavity of a greenifh colour, near

the bafe of each petal, whence the external
protuberances. fig. 1.

STAMINA: fix FiLAMENTS, tapering, f{mooth,
whitifh, twice the length of the germen ;
ANTHERZ oblong, flattifh, with four groves,
and a greenifh point at the top of each, be-
coming fhorter by one half on the fhedding
of the Potten, which is of a yellow colour.

FLOS in fummitate caulis unicus, magnus, pendulus,
primum ovato-pyramidalis, tum campanula-
tus.

CALYKX nullus.

COROLLA: Petala fex, ovato-oblonga, zqualia, al-
bo et purpureo pulchre teffelata, bafi gibbofa.

fig. t. '
NECTARIUM: fovea fablinearis, virefcens, prope ba-
fin cujufvis petali unde gibbi externi. fy. 1.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA fex, fubulata, levia, albida,
germine duplolongiora; ANTHER# oblongz,
fubcompreffz, quadrifulcatz, mucrone viref-
cente inftructe, demiffo polline duplo bre-
viores; PoLLEN flavum. jig .2. 3.

dic. ae, Be

PISTILLUM: Geren fcarce manifeftly three cor-
nerd, of a green colour; SrvrE round,
downy, a little thicken’d above, divided into
three fegments, which are round, diverging,
and mark’d both internally and externally
with a groove, vifible with a magnifier ; Srie-
MATA fimple, villous. fig. 4. 5.

PISTILLUM: GEnMEN trigonum, viride; Stytus
teres, pubefcens, fuperne paululum incraffa-
tus, trifidus, laciniisteretibus, divergentibus,
interne et externe ad lentem canaliculatis ;
STIGMATA fimplicia, villofa. fg. 4. 5.

CAR AR RAAF HE He AL HALE AMAL AA ROAR EAL AE EAE ROI ALIA 44 EES 1644440 AE EKER HE HEA EE 4€ 44 44 444444

THE Fritillaria Meleagris is one of thofe plants which have been difcovered to be indigenous to this country,
fince the time of Mr. Ray; Mr. Bracxsrone is I believe the firft who mentions it as growing in Mawde Fields
near Rj//p Common Middlefex, plentifully, and in which place it had been obferved in his time for near fixty
years ; Mr. Hupson defcribes it as growing in the Meadows betwixt Mortlake and Kew, alfo near Endfeld; Mr.
CurLvM a very accurate and ingenious Botanift at kury St. Edmunds, has fent me plants which he found plen-
tifully in a wild ftate near that place, and this {pring I received information that it was found wild in a wood
belonging to Mrs. W 1zsow, of Bromley in Kent.

With thefe feveral authorities we may, J think with propriety, conclude that itis a real native of this Ifland ;
it is found in fimilar fituations abroad, in /y/vis et paluffribus, vid. JacoviN Fl. Auffr. F. 5. Ap. b. 45.

The bloffoms before they are fully expanded, bear jome refemblance to a fnake's head, whence they are called
by the country people in fore places Snake's Heads, alfo checquer’d Doffedi]. and Tulip. à

If the feafon be mild they flower in the begining of April, and are out of bloom in a fhort time.

It is only regarded as an ornamental plant, and as fuch has long been cultivated in gardens, in which many
beautiful varieties are to be met with.

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RumMex acuTus. SHanPPoiNTED Dock.

RUMEX Lin. Gen. HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA.

Cal. 3 phyllus. Petala 3 conniventia. Semen triquetrum,

Raii Syn. Gen. D. HERBJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS.

RUMEX acutus foribus hermaphroditis; valvulis dentatis graniferis,
Lin. Syft. Veg. p. 285. Sp. Pl. p. 478 Fi. Suecic. n. 316.

LAPATHUM petiolo latefcente, folus lanceolatis, calyce ferrato. Haller. bift. n. 1591.
LAPATHUM acutum. Gcopolt p. 292.

LAPATHUM folio acuto plano. B. pin. 115.

LAPATHUM acutum. Ger. emac. 388.

LAPATHUM acutum feu Oxylapathum. — f. Baub. 1I. 983.

folis cordato oblongis acuminatis,

LAPATHUM acutum majus. Park. 1224. Ram Sym. p. 142. Sharp-pointed Dock.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. v$5. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 188.

D Lx cC p Ll eccL GSS ga re el

RADIX perennis, craflitie digiti minimi aut major, in : ROO? e the RN of the little finger, or
terram profunde penetrans nec facile extra- } arger, penetrating deeply into the earth, and
ped MA in Dd. in o is, H n PN TUR ope a Co

ioris e avo fuica, cortice inter a- , EE 8 br » € -
Stet medulla albida. H nally of a yellowifh brown colour, the infide
‘ i of the bark ycllowifh, the pith whitith.

CAULIS bipedalis, ad tripedalem, craffitie penne P y STALK DUREE pus ME uU p
fering, teres, ftriatus, rubens, ramofus, fu- : SMS iq UON NER i pA te
perne flexuofus, rigidus, geniculis ftipulis ob- i is Weg hs p E m ng, the joints
foletis tectis. , Y overed with obfolete ftipulz.

RAMI caulifimiles, patentes, longiusculi, inferne fo- : WDR LU like ane i fpreading, longifh, on the
liofi. Y E OWE! pat ea a

FOLIA inferiora oblongo-ovata, acuta, bafi fubcordata, $ LEAVES at the bottom of the ftalk of an oblong, oval
plana, longitudine uncias quinque, latitudine : Íhape, pointed, at the bafe lomewhat heart-
duas, margine crenulato-crifpa, fubtus fibus $ fhaped, flat, about five inches in length and
plurimis minute reticulata, caulina fzepius un- i two 1n breadth, the edge notched, and fome-
dulata, attamen multo minus quam 1n rumice : ys UE Rh td YE

EAR U us es, n tk ufu-
VISEE i ally waved, but much lefs fo than in the curled
dock.
D es ER

FLORES parvi, numerofi, circa ramulos femiverticil- : FLOWERS {mall, numerous, difpofed about the bran-

latim difpofiti, idque alterne, penduli. Y eee half whirls, and that alternately, hang-
Y ing down. ; à

PEDUNCULI filiformes, ad bafin geniculati. E eU Í FLOWER-S TALKS filiform, with a joint at the bafe.

CALYX: Pertanruium triphyllum, foliolis minimis, y CALYX: a Per1anrurum compofed of three leaves,
fubfetaceis, concavis, rigidulis, perfiftentibus. t which are very {mall, narrow, pointed, hol-

i low, fomewhat rigid and permanent.

COROLLA Stamina et Piftillum, cum nullam notam y COROLLA Staminaand Piftillum having nothingin them
prebeant huic fpeciei peculiarem, ad valvulas í very peculiar, we país on to the valves con-
femen maturam continentes preterimus, ob y taining the ripe feed, which afford the prin-
quibus certe et facile diftinguitur. 1 cipal marks characterizing this fpecies.

VALVUL minima fi ad valvulas aliorum Rumicum i VALVES very fmall if compared with the valves of
noftratium comparantur, calyce duplo longi- y our other Docks, twice the length of the ca-
ores, oblongae, obtufiufcula, integerrimze, i lyx, oblong, bluntifh, entire at the edge, one
unicà idque exteriore femper granifera, reli- y and that the outer one DILE bearing a gra-
quis plerumque nudis, ex apice granule per Y nule, the others generally naked, from the
medium valyule decurrit linea prominula et : top of the granule through the middle of the
utrinque venz aliquot ope lentis ST ii : cr EN VOR e uM de 2m E fide es

iftingui poffint; Granule primum oblongz which, by the help of a glafs only, may be

Pn. e AMT in umbrofis pal- i difcerned a few veins; Granules at firft oblong,

lide, in apricis ruberrime. Y finally becoming round and prominent, in the
: : fhade pallid, in expofed fituations very red.

SEMEN unicum, triquetrum, flavefcens. ie SEED fingle, plineg SOTmeiags ald yellowith.

Fig. 1 Calyx. 2 Corolla. 3 Stamina. 4 Piftillum. 5 Val- : Fig. 1 The Calyx. 2 the Corolla. 3 the Stamina. 4 the
vulz cum granulis immaturis. 6 Semen. M Piftillum. 5 the Valves with the granules un-

Y ripe. 6 the Seed.

The Rumex acutus, ike the Rumex maritimus, is a plant by no means well underftood, either by Botanifts or
Simplers, both of which in their turn miftake it for fome other fpecies ; this I fhould not aflert, had 1 not
feen frequent inftances of fuch miftakes : fortunately it has a chara&er which need only to be pointed out to make
this fpecies as obvious as any plant in nature, and this is the {mallnefs of its {eed-valves, which are uniformly at
leaft thrice as fmall as thofe of any of our other Docks; the fpecies to which the Rumex acutus at firft fight has
the greateft refemblance, are the erifpus, the pulcher, and the maritimus, the firft of thefe 1s characterized by hav-
ing itsleaves very much curled, its feed valves almoft round, entire and very large, fo that they nearly hide the
branches, in this the leaves are much lefs curled, the feed-valves, although entire at the edge, are altogether as
{mall as in the crifpus they are large, and inftead of being roundifh are of an oblong fhape, the Whole plant vene
fine and delicate and the branches more fpreading; from the pulcher and maritimus it is at once difünguifhed, by
having the edges of its valves entire, which in thofe are toothed. PS

'TheSharp-pointed Dock is not confined to any particular place of growth, it 1s ound not only in Woods, hedge-
rows, and hedges, but alfo by the fides of rivers and roads; in fields and meadows it is lefs frequent : Camberwell
Grove is at prefent a good Habitat for it ; 1t flowers in June and July. The Rumex fanguineus differs in uo refpect
from the prefent plant, but in the colour of its veins, on this account I confider it mere ly as its variety,

It is the more necefiary that the Dock here figured fhould be thus pointed out, as it is an officinal plant, and

confidered as ufefull in the cure of fcorbutic and cutaneous diforders, both exhibited internally, and applied exter-
nally in ointments, cataplafms, and fomentations.

jar

An hy a

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Se ROE n
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nm
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PG.
tht y
;

INUMEX OBTUSIFOLIUS. Broap rkAvED Dock.
RUMEX Lime: Gen. Pi, HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA,
Cal. 3 phyllus. Petala 3 conniventia, Sem. 1 triquetrum.
Rai Syn. Gen. 5. HERRJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS.

RUMEX obtufifolius floribus hermaphroditis, valvulis dentatis graniferis, foliis cordato-oblongis obtufis
pubefcentibus. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 285. Sp. Pl. 478. Fi. Suecic. n. 315.

LAPATHUM folis ovatis, circa petiolum emarginatis, floribus denfe paniculatis, dentatis, verrucofis..
Haller. bift. Helv. n. 1592.

LAPATHUM vulgare folio obtufo. J. B. 11. 984. |
LAPATHUM fylveftre, folio fubrotundo. Baub. p. 115.
LAPATHUM fylveftre, folio minus acuto. Ger. emac. 388.
LAPATHUM fylveftre vulgatius. Park. 1225.
Rai Sym. p. 141. The moft common broad leaved wild Dock.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 155. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 189. |

ROOT perennial, running deeply and ftraightly into
the earth, tapering, the thicknefs of the
middle finger, on the outfide of a dirty
brown colour, internally yellowifh, in the
young ones fimple, in the old ones divided
into many branches. : |

STALK three feet high, upright, branched down to
the bottom, round, fmooth, upwards flightly
rough, grooved, folid and Jointed, joints co-
vered with obfolete, withered ftipulz.

LEAVES next the root of an heart fhaped oval form,
ftanding on footftalks, bluntith, veiny under-
neath, the middle generally very red, thofe
on the ftalk pointed and fomewhat waved.

LEAF-STALKS round underneath, above plano-con-
cave.

FLOWER-BRANCHES, proceeding from the ale of
the leaves, nearly upright, and furnifhed

RADIX perennis, in terram alte et recte defcendens, :
Y
¥
i
Y
1
i
M
Y
M
i
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
M
Y
Y
Y
¥
1 with but few leaves.
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
¥
¥
Y
Y
1
Y
Y
M
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
3
Y
Y
Y

fufiformis, craffitie digiti intermedu, foris for-
dide fufca, intus flavefcens, 1n Junioribus fim-
plex, in annofis multiplex, ramofus.

CAULIS tripedalis, erectus, ad bafin ufque ramofus,
teres, levis, fuperne Ícabriusculus, fulcatus,
folidus, geniculatus, geniculis füpulis obfo-
letis, marcescentibus veftitis.

FOLIA radicalia, cordato ovata, petiolata, obtufiufcula,
fubtus venofa, nervo medio fzepius ruberrimo,
caulina acuta, fubundulata.

PETIOLI fubtus rotundati, fuperne plano-concavi.
RACEMI forum axillares, fubere&i, nudiusculi.

CALYX: a Perranruivum of three leaves, which are
of a fhape betwixt lanceolate and linear, hol-
low, membranous at the edges, and fhorter

: than the corolla.

COROLLA: three oval PET Ars, bluntith, {preading,
membranous at the edges.

STAMINA: fix Filaments, very fhort and white ;
AwN'THERJE fomewhat linear, yellow and

. forked at top.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN three cornered, SrvrEs
three, very fine, turning back, and project-
ing from betwixt the clofed petals.

SEED-VESSEL none: the Corolla, which is com-
pofed of three valves, clofes and contains
the feed; the valves are oval, pointed,
and veiny, toothed on the edge, one of them
bearing a granule. fig. 1. 2. 3.

SEED fingle, three cornered and brown. fig. 4.

CALYX: PzarawTHIUM triphyllum, foliolis lanceo-
lato-linearibus, concavis, margine membra-
naceis, corollà brevioribus.

COROLLA: PzTALA tria, ovata, obtufiuscula, pa-
tentia, margine membranacea.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA fex, breviffima, alba; An-
THERJE fublineares, flava, apice bifide.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN trigonum ; STYLI tres, ca-

pillares, reflexi, inter rimas petalorum con-
niventium exferti; STIGMATA laciniata.
PERICARPIUM nullum : Corolla trivalvis, connivens,
includens femen; valvulis ovato-acutis, ve-
nofis, margine denticulatis, unica granifera.

fig. 1. De 3-
SEMEN unicum, triquetrum, fufcum.

OF all our Englifh Docks, this perhaps may be faid to be the moft common, and confidered as a weed the
moft pernicious, being the largeft and moft {preading, except the Water Dock, and refufed by cattle in general ;
hence the Hufbandman who wifhes to fee his grounds neat and clean has a rooted enmity to it, and for its def-
tru&tion an inftrument, called a Docking Iron, has been invented by fome one more ingenious than the reft,
which is frequently made ufe of; the purpofe of this inftrument 1s to draw the plant up by the root, from an
idea, that if 1t was-cut down ever fo clofe, while any part of the root remained, it would grow again; but this
idea has perhaps been too haftily aflumed, frequent mowmg mofi certainly deftroys it, and frequent {pudding it is pre-
famed would have the fame effect, but unlefs it be done carefully, and at ftated periods, little good is to be ex-
pected. i Y "m
In all forts of cultivated ground, in Farm Yards, Courts, by the fides of Ditches, and elfewhere, we find this
fpecies moft abundantly, it flowers at the latter end of June, and ripens its feed in July and Auguft, — —

Our prefent plant is fubje&t to as little variety as any of the Docks, its broad bottom leaves readily diftin-

uith it, and thefe, though they may differ fomewhat in fize according as the foil is more or lefs luxuriant. vary
but little in their fhape, in general the younger the plant the more obtufe are its radical leaves,

wie
: Poument obtus fetu 2224
va PETS T An Gy SS

i
2.
"e
j
E.

p i:

Ibid P
ey, 34 a iy

163

P
J

Ruwzx maritimus. Smart Warer

<I

1 s
t Ys
Bi P
Pt zi

OCK,

RUMEX Lin Gen. Pl. HEX ANDRIA TRIGYNIA. i oe rs ! *

x x. _ Cal. 3. phyllus. Petala 3. conniventia. Sem. 1. triquetrum.

Rai Sys. Gen. 5. HERBJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO VEL APETALO POTIUS.
RUMEX maritimus floribüs hermaphroditis**valvulis dentatis sraniferis, folis linearibus. Lin. Syf.

Vegetab. p. 285. Sp. Pl. 478. Fl. Suecic, n. 313. — |
LAPATHUM petiolis latefcentibus, folis longe lanceolatis, floribus verticillatis varices, Haller
| bif. n. 1590.

LAPATHUM aquaticum, anguftiffime acuminato folio. Bocc. mus. 2. p. 142. t. 115.

LAPA'THUM aureum elomerulis denfis. Pet. Herb. T. 2. jig. 8.
ANTHOXANTHON. 7 B. 11 988. anguftifolium polyfpermon. Merret pin.
LAPATHUM aureum Pet. herb. t. 5. f. 7. longo anguftoque folio, Anthoxanthé plurimo accedens;

verticillis rarioribus caulem cingentibus, femine majori. Rai Sys. f. 142. Golden Dock.
Hudfon. FI.. Angl. ed. 2. p. 155.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 118.

RADIX perennis, fufiformis, foris ex rubro fufca, in-
tus ruberrima, fapore adftringente, et ingrato.

ROOT perennial and tapering, externally of a reddith
brown, internally of a bright red colour, its

|. . _ tafte aftringent and unpleafant.

STALK from two to three feet high, branched, of a
reddifh cólour, grooved, and flightly rough.

LEAVES next the root ftanding on long fooftalks, ob-
long and lanceolate, a little narrowed at the
bafe, of a blueifh green colour, flattifh, but
flightly waved and notched on the edge, the
top leaves of a fhape betwixt linear and lance-
olate, having on the upper fide ícarce any
appearance of veins, and ufually bent up-

bes wards. .

FLOWERS mofily of a yellowifh colour, placed a-
round the ftalk in numerous thick whirls.

CALYX: aPEsnriATHIUM of three leaves, which are
lanceolate, upright, hollow, and bent a little
inwards. .

COROLLA: three Perats; oval and pointed, of a
green colour, the edge near the bottom fur-
nifhed with two or three fine, long teeth, the
valves when full grown producing grains
which are oblong, tumid and rather large.
Fille Bee”

STAMINA : fix Filaments very fine and very fhort;
ANTHERZ oblong, upright, double and yel-
low.

PISTILLUM : Germen three corner'd ; SrvrEs three,
very flender, projecting from betwixt the
junctures of the clofed petals, ST1GMATA
jagged.

SEED-VESSEL none.

SEED fingle, three corner'd, fhining, contain’d with-
in the clofed corolla. fig. 3.

CAULIS bi aut tripedalis, ramofus, rubicundus, ful-

. catus, fcabriufeulus.

FOLIA vadicalia longe petiolata, dodrantalia aut peda-
lia, oblongo lanceolata, bafi paululum anguf-
tata, e viridi czeruleícentia, planiufcula, mar-
gine undulato-crenata, /uperiora lineari-lance-
olata, fuperne fere avenia, plerumque furfum
curvata.

FLORES fepius flavefcentes, circa caulem in denfis et
numerofis glomerulis verticillatim difpofiti.

CALYX: PzaiawTHIUM triphyllum, foliolis lanceo-
latis, ere&is, concavis, paululum incurvis,

COROLLA: PETALA tria, ovato-lanceolata, viridia,
margine prope bafin duobus aut tribus denti-
bus fetaceis inftructa, granifera, granulis,
adultis fuper valvulis, oblongis, tumidis, ma-

juículis. fig. r. 2.

STAMINA: FirAMENTA fex, capillaria, breviffima ;
ANTHERJE oblonge, erecta, didyme, flave,

PISTILLUM : GERMEN trigonum; STYLI tres, ca-
pilares, inter rimas petalorum conniventium
exferti; SrTrGMA TA laciniata.

PERICARPIUM nullum.

SEMEN unicum, triquetrum, nitidum, corolla inclu-

fum. frm. 3.

OF all the different fpecies of Docks which this country produces, this feems to have been the leaft underftood ;
yet are its chara&teriftic marks not lefs ftriking, nor its varieties more remarkable than any of the other fpecies.

That our plant is the Rumex maritimus of Linnzus no one can doubt that reads his defeription in the Flora Suecica ;
the character ‘of the radix rubra fo peculiar to it which is given in the Syflema Fegetabilimm, is an additional
confirmation -of it.

The three fpecies of Lapathum viz. n. 4. 5. 10 added to thofe of Ray by Di_ientvs in the third edition of
the Synopfis and mark'd with an afterifk are doubtlefs to be referred to this plant and confidered only as fome of
its varieties. :

The name of maritimus feems but ill applied, as it is by no means confined in its growth to the Sea fhore,
the term palufiris which Mr. Hupsow has given to a fpecies which I profefs my felf totally ignorant of would
perhaps be more fuitable for it. .

The plant here figured grows in the greateft plenty in the neighbourhood of my Garden St. Georges Fields, fo
that I have had frequent opportunities of obferving it in all its ftates, its moft ftriking character when in flower
or feed is the number and narrownefs of the leaves on its branches; when viewd more clofely, we are {truck
with the number and length of the teeth on the edges of the feed valves, which valves are frequently though not
always of a yellowifh colour and furnifhed with remarkably large and long grains, if any doubt remains refpecting
the fpecies, the roct on being cut acrofs exhibits a beautifull red colour equal to any carmine, and which is a
character that I have hitherto always found to be conftant to this fpecies.

The natural fituation of the Rumex maritimus is a moift one; thus we find it on the edges of wet ditches,
and rivulets, tho’ not unfrequently in paftures or drier ground, on the former particularly if the fituation be fhel-
tered and the foil luxuriant it will grow to the height of three or four feet, having radical leaves a foot long and
three inches broad which when young affume a fomewhat glaucous appearance, in the latter it feldom grows
more than a foot high and then its radical leaves are about fix inches long and one inch or fomewhat more broad,
(outlines of both thefe leaves are reprefented on the plate) but in neither of thefe fituations does it lofe its cha-
racter above ipecified.

It is not only in the neighbourhood of St. Georges Fields that I have noticed this fpecies but in fimilar fitua-

MA 4644 161644944 4: 444644 16 44 4444 44444444 EEE EAE AE AE ALAR AE KEKE MELE t9 € HEHE FO 4E4E 4S HEHE HEHEHE HE

tions in many places around London, and I doubt not but it is a very common plant in many parts of England,

It flowers in July, Auguft and September ;; I remember once to have feen the leaves having red veins like
thofe of the Rumex fanguineus. r
It is one of thofe Docks which are the leaft noxious to the Farmer; the roots I have beeu informed are fre-

quently dug up and fold for thofe of the fharp pointed Dock.

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EiLoBUM MONTANUM. Woop WiLtow.ntns.

EPILOBIUM Linnei Gen. Pl. Ocranpria MoNoGYNIA

Calyx quadrifidus. Petala quatuor. Capfula oblonga, infera. Semina pappofa.

Rai SysopJ. Gen. 22. HERBH VASCULIFERJE FLORE TETRAPETALO ANOMALA,

EPILOBIUM foliis oppofitis, ovatis, dentatis, Linncei Sy/t. Vegetab. p. 296. FI. Suecic. n. 329.
EPILOBIUM foliis ovato-lanceolatis, glabris, dentatis, Haller Hift. % 996.
CHAMAENERION montanum Scopoli Fl. Carn. p. 270.

LYSIMACHIA filiquofa glabra major. Baubin p. 245.

LYSIMACHIA filiquofa major Parkinjon. 548.

LYSIMACHIA campeftris. Gerard emac 478. Raii. Hif. p. 861. ‘The greater fmooth-leaved codded
Willow-herb or loofe ftrife. Syn.

Hudfon. FI. Angl. ed. 2. p. 4.
Lightfoot FI. Scot. 5. 198.

RADIX perennis, fublignofa, fibrofa, gemmulis ruber-

rimis fuperne inftructa.

CAULIS pedalis ad tripedalem, erectus, rubicundus,
teres, fubpubefcens, fuperne ramofus, fepe
vero fimplex.

RAMI oppofiti. | |

FOLIA oppofita, pedicellis breviffimis bafi connatis
infidentia, ovato acuta, argute dentata,
fuperne glabra, inferne pallidiora, venofa,
hirfutula, imis faepe ruberrimis.

CALYX: PeriantTHium fuperum, tetraphyllum,
foliolis lanceolatis, nervo medio confpicuo,

Hees

COROLLA: PETALA quatuor, obcordata, profunde
emarginata, pallide purpurea, calyce longiora,
patentia. jig. 2.

STAMINA: FirLAMENTA octo, fubulata, alba,
quorum quatuor alterna breviora, AN THERJE
flavefcentes. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN tetragonum, inferum, pre-
longum, fulcatum; Srytus albus, longi-
tudine ftaminum, apice paululum incraffatus ;
Stigma quadrifidum, album, laciniis paten-
tibus, non vero revolutis. fig. 4. 5.

SEMINA minima, pappofa. jig. 6.

ROOT perennial, fomewhat woody and fibrous, on its
upper part furnifhed with little buds of a
bright red colour.

STALKS from one to three feet high, upright, of a
red colour, round, fcarce preceptibly downy,
branched above, but often fingle.

BRANCHES oppofite.

LEAVES oppcfite, fitting on very fhort footftalks,
whote bafes unite, ovate and pointed, fharp-
ly toothed on the edges, on the upper fide
Ímooth, on the under fide of a paler colour,
veiny and very flightly hairy, the bottom
ones often of a bright red colour.

CALYX: a PEn1AN THIUM placed above the germen,
compofed of four narrow pointed leaves, in
which the midrib is confpicuous. fig. 1.

COROLLA four Perats inverfely heart-fhaped, deeply
notched, of a pale purple colour, longer than
the calyx and fpreading. fig. 2.

STAMINA eight Firaments, tapering, of a white
colour, four of which are alternately fhorter ;
ANTHEZ yellowifh. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen four cornered, placed be-
neath the calyx, very longand grooved; STYLE
white, the length of the ftamina, thickened
a little at top; ST1GMA divided into four feg-
ments, white, the fegments {preading but not
rolled back. fig. 4. 5.

SEEDS very {mall and downy. jig. 6.

MOST of the Willow-herbs that we have already figured, have grown in wet fituations, this rather delights
in Woods, Hedge-rows, fhady Lanes, and Hedges, fometimes it is alfo found on Walls in Courts and Areas ; it

flowers from June to Auguft.

We fometimes find it having three or four leaves at each joint, a variety to which moft of this family is

fubject.

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SEDUM TELEPHIUM ORPINE

SEDUM Lm. Gen. P], Decanpria PENTAGYNIA.

Cal. 5-fidus.

Caps. 5.

Cor. s-petala. Sguame neCtarifere 5 ad bafin germinis.

Raii Syn. Gen. 17. FHERBE MULTISILIQUH SEU CORNICULATA.

SEDUI foliis planiufculis ferratis, corymbo foliofo caule erecto.
616, Fl. Suecic, n. 400.

Lin. Syft. Vegetab. p. 358. Sp. Pl.

SEDUM androgynum foliis confertis, ferratis, floribus denfe umbellatis. Haller. Eft. 9 4.

SEDUM Zelepbium. Scopoli FI. Carniol. p. 323.

TELEPHIUM vulpare. Baubin. Pin. 287.

ANACAMPSEROS, vulgo Faba craffa. Y. B. III. 681.

TELEPHIUM feu craflula major vulgaris. Park. 726.

CRASSULA feu Faba inverfa Ger. 416. Ran Syn. p. 269.

Hudfon. F1. Angl. ed. 2. p. 195.

RADIX perennis, tuberofa.

CAULES plurimi fimul enafcuntur, pedales, bipedales,
et ultra, erecti, fimplices, teretes, fohdi, ru-
bicundi, et fpe rubro pun&áti.

FOLIA fparfa, conferta, erecta, feffilia, ovata, dentata

idque varie, glabra, carnofa, glauca.

FLORES in fummis caulibus et ramulis (in quos fum-
mi caules dividuntur) in umbellas denfas di-
gefti, faturate purpurei, nobifcum rariffime
albi.

CALYX: PrrRIANTHIUM minimum, carnofum, quin-
quefidum, laciniis acutis. fig. r.

COROLLA: Perata quinque, lanceolata, acuminata,
plana, fuperne purpurea, fubtus albentia. jig.

e.

STAMINA: Fit AMENTA decem, fubulata, longitu-
dine corollae, ANTHER# fubrotundz, purpu-
rafcentes. (fig. 3. |

PISTILLUM : Germina quinque, oblonga, definentia
in flylos tenuiores, coloratos; STIGMATA
minima. (ig. 4.

PERICARPIUM: CarsuLE quinque, acuminate,
erectum. (fig. 5.

SEMINA plurima, minima.

r2 PEPE PE DE Dr LEP DPE PDD PED 97 F-9797 D E P RRPRPrRRPMRROROR)SRRR

Orpine or Live long.

ROOT perennial and tuberous.

STALKS many, growing up together, from one to two
feet high, and upwards, upright, unbranched,
round, folid, reddifh, and often dotted with

red.
LEAVES placed on the ftalk fo as nearly to cover it,
in no regular order, upright, feffile, ovate,
indented and that varioufly, fmooth, flefhy,
and of a blueifh green colour.
FLOWERS placed on the tops of the ftalks and
branches (into which the tops of the ftalks
divide) in clofe umbells, of a deep purple
colour, very rarely white with us.
CALYX: a PeriaNTHIUM, very minute, and flefhy,
the fegments pointed. fig. 1.
COROLLA: five lanceolate petals, running out toa
long point, flat, purple above, and whitith
underneath. fig. 2.
STAMINA: ten Fir AMEN S tapering, the length of
the corolla; ANTHER# roundifh, and fome-
what purple. fig. 3.
PISTILLUM : five Germina, of an oblong fhape,
terminating in five, flender, coloured ftyles;
STIGMATA, very minute. fig. 4

SEED-VESSEL: five, acuminated, upright CAPsvLEs.

fig» 5
SEEDS numerous and very fall

Of our Englith Stonecrops, this is the only one that has flat leaves, and confequently is diftinguifhed with the
utmoft facility ; it partakes however of the flefhy nature of the others.

It is a beautiful plant both in its foliage and flowers, and being eafily cultivated, is met with in moft gardens,

where it will often grow a yard high.

It is faid to vary in its leaves and bloffoms, the former being fometimes found entire at the edge, and the latter

of a white colour. '

I have found it wild in many places about London, but moft plentifully in the vicinity of Chariton and Shooter's
Hill; it grows among the herbage on the confines of woods and flowers in July and Auguft.

Linn us informs us that the Caterpillar of the Phalena alpicola feeds on its leaves.

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SEDUM DASYPHYLLUM. lHickLEAvED SToNEcRop.

SEDUM Lime Gen. Pl DecanpriA PENTAGYNIA,
Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. 5-petala. Squame neCtarifer 5 ad bafin germinis. Caps. 5.

Raii Syn. Gen. 17. HERB MULTISILIQUE SEU CORNICULA T.

SEDUM dafyphyllum folis oppofitis ovatis obtufis carnofis, caule infirmo, floribus fparfis. Linn, Syf.
Vegelab. f« 358. Spec. Plant. 618.

SEDUM foliis conicis, obtufis, glaucis, reticulatis ; caule ramofo vifcido, Haller. Hif. s. 961,
SEDUM dafyphyllum. Scopoli. Fl. Carn. n. 555.
SEDUM minus circinato folio. Bauhin. Pin. 283.

- SEDUM foliis cordato-ovatis compreffis fzepius oppofitis, floribus fparfis. Savy. Mon/p. 8.
SEDUM foliis femiglobofis fubovatis feffilibus quadrifariam imbricatis. Wachend. ultr. 391.

AIZOON dafyphyllum, Dalech. Hif. 1133.
Rau Syn, ed. 4. f. 271.
Hudfon. Fi. Angl, 172. ed. 2. f. 197.

PLANTA perennis. The PLANT is perennial.
CAULES plurimi, triunciales et ultra, teretes, debiles,

STALKS numerous, about three inches high, round,
vifcofi, fimplices, erecti, bafi repentes.

weak, clammy, fimple, upright, and creep-
ing at bottom.

FOLIA pro ratione plantz magna, plerumque oppofita,
cordato-ovata, adnata, carnofa, glauca, in-
terne planiufcula, externe convexa, punctata,
fape rubore quafi reticulata, circa medium
caulis majora, inferiora interne excavata.

LEAV ES, in proportion to the plant, large, generally
oppofite, of an heart-fhaped oval figure, grow-
ing to the ftalk, flefhy, of a blueifh green co-
lour, flattifh on the infide, and convex on the
outfide, dotted, frequently veined with red,
largeft about the middle of the ftalk, the

lowermoltt hollow on the infide.

PEDUNCULI ramofi, vifcidi, priufquam flores ape-

riuntur nutantes.

FLOWER-STALKS branched, clammy, before the

flowers open hanging down,

FLORES intus albi, externe rubentes. FLOWERS white on the infide, externally reddifh.
CALYX: PrniANTHIUM fexpartitum, parvum, laci-
niis ovatis, carnofis, vifcidis, fig. 1, parum

auct,

CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM divided into fix fegments,
{mall, the fegments oval, ficfhy, and vifcid,
fg. 1,:a little magnified.

COROLLA: PzrALA fex, ovato-acuta, plana, pa-
tentia, calyce triplo longiora, carinata, fiz. 2,
magn. nat. -

COROLLA: fix Perazs, oval and pointed, flat,
{preading, three times the length of the calyx,
midrib projecting, fig. 2, natural fize.

NECTARIA fex, fingulum glandula minima flava

NECTARIES fix, each a fmall yellow gland, placed
fingulo germiniad bafin extrorfum pofita, fig. 5.

externally at the bottom of each germen, fig. 5.

STAMINA: Firamenta plerumque duodecim, fu-
bulata, longitudine corolla: ANTHER# pri-
mum fubrotundz, rubra, demum compreffz :
PorLLEN flavum, jig. 3.

STAMINA: FrirAMENTS moft commonly twelve, ta-
pering, the length of the corolla: AN THERE,
firft roundifh, and of a red colour, lafily flat-
ten'd: the PorrEN yellow, jig. 3.

PISTILLUM : Germina fex, oblonga, definentia in
STYLOS tenuiores; STIGMATA fimplicia, re-
curvata, jig. 4.

PERICARPIUM: Carsurz fex, pallide fufcz, in

trorfum dehifcentes.

PISTILLUM: fix Germina, oblong, terminating in
flender Stytes: SriGMATA fimple, and
bending down, fig. 4.

SEED-VESSEL: fix CarsurEs of a pale brown co-

lour, opening internally.

SEMINA minima, flavefcentia. SEEDS very minute, and yellowiíh.

SUCH perfons as are fond of decorating the rock work of their gardens with plants, cannot fele& one
better adapted to the purpofe than the prefent fpecies of Stonecrop. Tt grows without any trouble, in any
. afpect, multiplys very much by young fhoots, and looks beautiful throughout the year. Indeed it is ftrange that
it has not yet made its way more univerfally into gardens.

I have frequently noticed it on the walls about town. It grows particularly in great abundance on a wall near
Chelfea Hofpital, on the left-hand fide of the horfe-road, on turning the corner out of Paradife-Row ; likewife on a
wall on the left-hand fide of the lane leading from Kenfington gravel-pits to Acton; and elfewhere.

Its thick white leaves readily diftinguifh it from every other fpecies of Stonecrop.
Botanifts have differed widely in the defcriptions of thefe, as willappear from a perufal of the Synonyms.

It flowers in June ; and has generally one additional part more throughout the whole of the fru&tification than
the Sedum acre, and other Stonecrops, |

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AGROSTEMA GITHAGO. COCKLE.

AGROSTEMA Lin Gen. Pl, DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Cal. 1-phyllus, coriaceus, Petala 5 unguiculata: Limbo obtufo, indivifo.
Capf. 1-locularis.

Raii Syn. Gen. 24 HERBE PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFER E.

AGROSTEMA Githago hirfuta, calycibus corollam aquantibus,} petalis integris nudis. Liz. Syf.
| Veg. p. 361. Sp. PL 624. Fl. Suecic. n. 407.

LYCHNIS calycibus longiffime caudatis. Haller. Hift. 926.

LYCHNIS Githago. Scopo Fl. Carn. n. 527.

LYCHNIS fegetum major. Baud. p. 204-

" PSEUDO-MELAN'THIUM Ger-emac. 1087.

LYCHNOIDES fegetum five Nigellaftrum. Park. 632. Rais Syn. 338.
Hudfon FI. Angl. ed. 2. p. 198.

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 238.
Oder. Fl. Dan. t. $76.

RADIX annua.

CAULIS ere&us, bipedalis, teres, fiftulofus, hirfutus,
fuperne ramofus. ;

FOLIA oblongo-lanceolata, carinata, bafi connata, utrin-
que hirfuta, pilis ad bafin folii longioribus.

FLORES folitarii, fpeciofi, purpurei.

CALYX: Prerranruium monophyllum, quinquefi-
dum, profunde fulcatum, angulofum, pilo-
fum, laciniis lanceolatis, fubnudis, carinatis,
corollà longioribus.

COROLLA: PzTALA quinque, magna, fpeciofa,
purpurea, obcordata, bafi albida, venis paucis
faturate viridibus interrupte notatis; Unguis
fublinearis, longitudine fere limbi, jig. 1.

STAMINA: Fir AMENTA decem, fubulata, quinque
ad, bafin petalorum inferta, quinque feriora in-
tra petala locata: ANTHER pallide purpureze,
{ubfagittate. fig. 2. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germen fubrotundo-conicum, viride,
glabrum : STYLI quinque, filiformes, albidi,
pilofi, ere&i, apicibus paululum reflexis; ST16-
MATA fimplicia. jig. 4. 5.

PERICARPIUM : Capsura magnitudine fere glandis,
calyce exficcato tectum, ore quinquedentato,
lineis decem elevatis notatum. fig. 6.

SEMINA pluruma, majufcula,
exafperata. fig. 7.

angulata, eleganter

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Cockle.

ROOT annual.

STALK upright, about two feet high, round, hollow,
hirfute, branched at top.

LEAVES of an oblong lanceolate fhape, keel’d, uni-
ting at the bafe, hairy on both fides, the hairs
at the bafe of the leaves longeft.

FLOWERS ftanding fingly on the tops of the ftalks,

Íhowy and purple.

CALYX: a Perianruium of one leaf, divided into
five fegments, of a hard fubftance, deeply
grooved, angular and hairy, the fegments
lanceolate, flightly hairy, with a prominent
midrib, and longer than the corolla.

COROLLA: five Perats, large, fhowy, of a purple
colour, and inverfely heart-fhaped, the bafe
whitifh, marked with a few interrupted
veins of a deep green colour ; C/aw fomewhat

linear, almoft the length of the limb. jig.

E-

STAMINA: ten FILAMENTS, tapering, five inferted
into the bafe of the petals, and five later ones
placed betwixt the petals; Aw THER of a
pale purple colour, and fomewhat arrow-
fhaped. fig. 2. 3.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN of a roundiíh conical fhape,
Ímooth, and of a green colours STvrzs five,
thread-fhaped, whitifh, hairy, upright, the
tips bending a little back; ST16MA T A fimple.

Jig» 4- 5.

SEED-VESSEL; a CarsurE almoft the fize of an
acorn, covered with its dried calyx, having
ten ribs, the mouth fplitting into five teeth.

ig. 6.
SEEDS numerous, largifh, angular, with a furface
like fhagreen. fig. 7.

————— a

July.

The Cockle is a very common plant in moft Corn-fields about London and elfewhere; it flowers in June and

Like the red Poppy it contributes to ornament our fields, but is rarely found in gardens.

A miller informed me he never wifhed to to fee any of it among the corn he ground, as it-had a very great ten-

dency to clog his mill-ftones.

The feeds being large and mealv, probably afford food to feveral forts of birds. ;,
Its medical virtues, highly extolled by former writers, are difregarded in the prefent practices

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LYTHRUM Lia. Gen. Pl.

DopECANDRIA MomwoGrNia.

Cal. 12 fidus. Petala 6. calyciinferta. Caps. 2. locularis, polyfperma.

Raii Syn. Gen. 25. HERBH HEXAPETALJE ET POLYPETALJE VASCULIFERJE..

LYTHRUM J3alicaria foliis oppofitis cordato lanceolatis floribus fpicatis dodecandris. Lin, Syft. Vegetab.

p.371. Spec. plant. 640.

SALICARIA foliis lanceolatis, fubhirfutis, floribus {picatis,

Fi. Suec. n. 422.

Haller. bifl. 8 54.

LYTHRUM Salicaria. Scopoli Fl. Cara. n. 565. Lyfimachia fpicata purpurea. Baub. pin. 246.”

SALICARIA vulgaris purpurea foliis oblongis. Tourm Inft. Raii Syn. p. 367. Purple fpiked Willow-

herb, or Loofe-ttrife.

LYSIMACHIA purpurea Ger. emac. 476.
Fl. Scot. p. 206.

Parkinfor. 546. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 206. Lightfoot,

RADIX perennis, crafla, ramofa, fublignofa, in latum
extenfa.

CAULIS bipedalis ad tripedalem, erectus, inferne gla-
ber, tetragonus, fuperne pubefcens, pentago-
nus: angulis acutis, membranaceis, ícabris,
ramofis.

RAMI fuperiores fparfi; inferiores oppofiti, tetragoni,
{cabri, minutim pubefcentes, ereéti, breviuf-
culi, frequentes.

FOLIA fefülia, amplexicaulia, lanceolata, acuta, tri-
pollicaria, fupra glabra, fubtus minutim pu-
befcentia, fcabriufcula, venofa, margine Íca-
bra, patentia; inferiora oppofita, fuperiora
fparfa, ramea oppofita.

SPICZE terminales, cylindric, e glomeribus florum
compofitze, conglomeribus remotiuículis, cir-
citer o&ofloris, bra&eà fulcitis.

BRACTEZ glomerum {olitarie, ovate, longius acute,
fubtus villof, calycibus longiores, fubpur-
puree; florum lineari-fubulate, parviuículz,

CALYX: PznrawvHiUM tubulatum, turbinato-cylin-
dricum, ftriatum, hirfutum: ore truncato,
12 fido: laciniis purpurafcentibus; quarum
fex alterna fubulate, hirfute, erectae; fex
alia alternze parvae, ovato acutiufcule, in-
flexie, concave, apice minutim barbatze. jig. 1.

COROLLA purpurea: PETALA 6, cuneiformi-oblonga,
obtufo rotundata, erecta, calyce longiora,
margine calycis intra lacinias calycis longiores
inferta, patentia. ^ Petala ante eruptionem
calycis tubo intrufa funt et recondita; hinc
poftmodum erumpunt et quafi e calyce extra-

huntur. fig. 2.

STAMINA: Filamenta 12, fubulata, albida, calycis
parieti intra tubum inferta, quorum fex lon-
giora tubo calycis paulo longiora; 6 breviora
intra tubum recondita; Zmizbere inferiores
ovatz, lutea, incumbentes, fuperiores pur-

purez. fig. 3
PISTILLUM: GERMEN fuperum, ovatum, acutum,

utrinque fulcatum, glabrum, viridefcens ;
Sry cus cylindricus, albus, corolla vix longior;
STIGMA capitatum. /ig. 4.

PERICARPIUM : Carsura oblonga, tecta, bilocularis.
E on
SEMINA plurima, minima. fig. 7.

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ROOT perennial, thick, branched, fomewhat woody,
widely extended. X"

STALK from two to three feet high, upright, below
Ímooth, four-cornered ; angles fharp, mem-
branous and rough; branched.

BRANCHES: the upper ones placed without any
order ; the lower ones oppofite, four-cornered,
rough, and flightly downy, upright, fhort-
ifh, and numerous.

LEAVES feffile, embracing the ftalk, lanceolate
pointed ; about three inches long, above
Ímooth, underneath flightly downy, rough-
ith, and veiny, {preading; the lower ones
oppofite, the upper ones placed without any
regular order, thofe of the branches oppofite.

SPIKES terminal, cylindrical, compofed of clufters of
flowers, which are placed at a little diftance
from each other, and confift of about eight
flowers fupported by a floral leaf.

FLORAL-LEAV ES of the clufers folitary, oval with
a long point, underneath villous, longer than

the flower-cups, and purplifh, thofe of the

flowers fmall, nearly linear, and running out
toa point.

: a PERIANTHIUM tubular, cylindrical but

wideft at top, ftriated, hirfute, the mouth as

if cut off, divided into twelve purplifh leg-
ments, fix of which run out to a long point,
are hirfute and upright, the other fix which
are alternate with the preceding fix are fmall,
ovate, pointed, bend inward over the ftump,

are hollow and minutely bearded at top. fig. 1.

COROLLA purple. PETALs 6, of an oblong wedge
fhape, blunt at the extremity, upright and
longer than the calyx, inferted into the edge
of the calyx betwixt its longeft fegments, and
Ípreading, the. Petals, before they break out,
are as it were thruft into and hid in the tube
of the calyx, from whence they afterwards
burít forth, and are as it were drawn out of
the calyx. fig. 2.

STAMINA : 12 Filaments, tapering and whitifh, in-
ferted into the infide of the calyx, of which
the fix longeft are fomewhat longer than the
tube of the calyx, and the fix fhorteft hid
within the tube; Anruer® ovate and in-
cumbent, the lowermoft yellow, the upper-
moft purple. ff. 3,

PISTILLUM : Germen above the calyx, ovate, point-
ed, with a groove on each fide, fmooth, green-
ih; STYLE cylindrical, white, {carce longer
than the Corolla; Stigma forming a little
head. i

SEED-VESSEL: an oblong Capfule, covered by the
calyx, of two cavities. Jis 5 6s

SEEDS numerous and very fmall. fe. 7.

CALYX

'The beautiful long fpikes of purple flowers which this plant plentifully produces during the latter part of the

Summer, render it a confpicuous ornament on the banks of rivers, ponds, ditches, &c, where it grows almoft
univerfally in this country; brought into the garden it flourifhes without any trouble, and is a very proper plant

to grace the fhrubbery.

Its qualities appear to be of the aftringent kind, hence it has been recommended by De Harn
Vid. rat. med. part. 4. p. 195.

tracted Diarrhzas and Dyfenteries.

in long pro-

It generally remains untouched by cattle, I have this year obferved its leaves very much eaten by the Cater-

pillar of a Trentbedo.

The ftru&ure of the bloffom isfingularly curious, and will amply repay the botanift the trouble of
Ihave noticed a variety with three leaves at a joint, in which the ftalk was hexagenal,

difleting it.

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SEMPERVIVUM TECTORUM. HovszrLErk.
SEMPERVIVUM Lin. Gen. P. Dodecanparia Dopecacynta. Cal, 12. partitus Petala xa. Caps
| Jule 12. polyfperme.
Raii Sys. Gen. 17. HERB MULTISILIQUE SHU CORNICULATS.
SEMPERVIVUM Z7ecerum folis ciliatis propaginibus patentibus. Linn. Sy/. Vegetab. pr 178. Sp. Pi,
664. FI, Suec. n. 428.
SEMPERVIVUM rofulis glabris ciliatis, petalis conglutinatis, lanceolatis, hirfutis, quatuordenis,
Haller. bif. n. 949.
SEDUM te&orum. Scopoli Fl. Carm m. 529.
SEDUM majus vulgare. Baubin. pin. 283. Parkinfon. 730.
SEMPERVIVUM majus Ger. emac, 510. Rai Syn. p. 269: Houfeleck,
Hudjon. Flor. Angl. ed. 2. Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. p. 251.
RADIX biennis, ramofa, plurimis fibrillis inftru&a, ROOT biennial, branched, and furnifhed with nume-
rous fibres.

LEAVES next the root difpofed in the form of a full
blown double rofe, fefüle, wedge-fhaped,
fomewhat more than an inch long, flefhy,
thick, above flat, on the under fide a little
convex, fmooth on both fides, beneath whi-
tith, the edges fringed with hairs, and gene-
rally tinged of a reddifh colour, pointed, up-
right, the outer ones largeft, the inner ones

_ gradually fmalleft,

OFFSETTS ftanding on long footftalks, globular, the
fize of a pidgeon’s egg or larger, formed fome-
what like the cone of a pine, the leaves lay-
ing one over another and upright.

FOOTSTALKS of the offfets cylindrical, round, iron-
colour'd, flightly wooly, {tretching out to a
confiderable length, naked, {pringing from

.. the bafe of the root near the leaves.

FLOWERING-STEM from nine inches to a foot in
height, upright, round, wooly, of a reddifh
colour, leafy, at top branched, the branches
fuftaining the flowers, {preading, and bend-
ing back.

FLOWERS numerous, crouded, upright, growing
all one way, of a flefh colour.

CALYX: aPertanrutium divided ufually into twelve
Ícgments, which are lanceolate, hirfute, edg-
ed with hairs, clammy, and purplifh at top.

COROLLA: twelve or more PErALS twice the length
of the calyx, lanceolate and flefh coloured.

SIAMINA : FILAMENTS varying very much both in
fhape and number, generally fourteen, flen-
der and tapering ; ANTHER# roundifh and

urple.

PISTILLUM : twelve Germina placed in a circle,
upright, terminating in the fame number of
Ípreading STyLEs; STIGMATA pointed.

SEED-VESSEL: numerous oblong Carsurrs, fiat-
ten'd, outwardly terminating in a point, and
opening inwardly.

SEEDS numerous, roundifh and fmall.

FOLIA radicalia in formam Rofe plenz difpofita,
feffilia, cuneiformia, plufquam pollicaria, car-
nofa, crafla, fupra plana, fubtus convexiuf-
cula, utrinque glabra, inferne albida, mar-
gine ciliata, et fzepius rubore tin&a, acumi-
nata, erecta, exteriora majora, interiora fen-
fim minora.

PROPAGINES longius petiolate, globofe, magni-
tudine ovi columbini vel ultra, ftrobiliformes,
imbricatz folus erectis.

PETIOLI propaginum cylindrici, teretes, ferruginei,
lanuginofi, longius exporrecti, nudi, e bafi ra-
dicis prope folia, exeuntes.

SCAPUS dodrantalis aut pedalis, erectus, teres, lanu-
einofus, rubicundus, foliofus, apice ramofus,
ramis floriferis patentibus, recurvis.

FLORES plurimi, conferti, erecti, fecundi, carnei.

CALYX: PrznAwTHivuM plerumque duodecemfidum,
Jaciniis lanceolatis, hirfutis, ciliatis, vifcofis,
apice purpureis.

COROLLA: PETALA duodecim et ultra, calyce du-
plo longiora, lanceolata, carnea.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA numero et figura maxime
variantia, plerumque duodecim, fubulato-te-
nuila; ANTHER# fubrotunde, purpurea.

PISTILLUM : Germina duodecim in orbem pofita,
erecta, definentia in SryLos totidem patentes;
STIGMATA acuta.

PERICARPIUM : Capsut# oblonge, comprefiz,
extrorfum acuminate, introrfum dehifcentes.

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SEMINA plurima, fubrotunda, parva.

Mr. Ray, in his Synopfs, and Mr. Licutrroor, in his Flora Scotica doubt whether the Houfeleek be originally
a native of this country, however that be, it is now fo common a plant on the houfe, or wall of every one that is
in the leaft fond of plants, that we fhall not apologize for introducing it among our London plants.

HALLER defcribes it among his Stw/erland plants, and having gathered it on the Alps in its truly wild ftate, he
enters very minutely into its defcription, and among other peculiarities he takes notice of the uncommon appears
ance which the Filaments often aflume, and which is indeed fuch an appearance as would much puzzle an inex-
perienced Botanift, the Filaments as he truly obferves are of two kinds, the one perfect and fimilar to the generality
of Filaments, the other even when young are evidently enlarged towards the end, and throw out from their fub«
ftance little oblong white corpufcles like the eggs of fome infeét, which indeed I firft took them to be, not having
then looked into Haller, but on examining a great number of flowers at different {tages of their growth I found
they were common to many filaments, and that thofe flaments which were thus enlarged were alfo more glutinous
than the others, the Antherz on their extremities were fomewhat imperfect, as the fru&tification proceeded towards
‘maturity, the filaments continued to enlarge about the middle, while the top was drawn out to a kind of beak
indeed in this ftate they feem to partake more of the nature of the Piftillum than of the Filaments, and for fach
would be liable to be taken, on cutting them through they appeared hollow and contained fome of the (ame cor-

_ pufcles which were obfervable on the outfides of many of them, fo that from their prefent appearance it was im-
poffible to know that they were originally filaments, which may ferve as a caution to ftudents that in examining
of flowers they fhould always begin with fuch as are not expanded. Vid. 1. 2. 3-4. 5. 6. 7, 8.

Houfeleek has been univerfally confidered as a cooler, the leaves bruifed, or its juice have been applied to burns
Ípreading ulcerations, fiflures of the tongue, the piles, inflammations of the eye, &c. the juice mixt with a little
alum and honey is recommended for the thrufh in children, and the leaves themfelves are frequently applied ta
corns.

Linnus informs us that this plant is a prefervative to the coverings of the houfes in Smoland, it certainly
may with the leaft poflible trouble be made quickly to cover the whole roof of a houfe, whether that roof
confifts of tiles, thatch, or wood, by fticking the offsetts on with a little earth or Cow Dung ; and if it fhould
not be found to have the good effect here fpoken of, which Iam by no means inclined to doubt, it forms at leaft a
very pretty ornament on Barns, Stables, Out-Houfes and Walls, particularly in the month of July when it flowers,

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FRAGARIA sTERILIS. BARREN STRAWBERRY.

FRAGARIA Lim. Gen P]. IcosanDRIA Potycynia.

Cal. to. fidus. Petala 5. Receptaculum (eminum ova-
tum, baccatum, deciduum.

Rai Syn. Gen. 25. HERB SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERMJE,

FRAGARIA feriis caule decumbente, ramis floriferis laxis. Lin. Sy/. vegetab. p. 396. Sp. Pl. 409.

FRAGARIA caule proftrato, foliis ternatis retufis fericeis. — Haller. bifl. belo. 1113.

FRAGARIA /erilis. Bauh. pin. 327.
FRAGARIA minime vefca. Park. 758.

FRAGARIA minime vefca feu fterilis, Ger. emac. 998.
FRAGARIA non fragifera, vel non vefca. J.B. 2. 395. Raii Sym. ed. 3. p. 254.
Hudfon El. Angl, ed. 2. p. 222. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 288.

RADIX perennis, nigricans, fublignofa.
CAULES plurimi, fpithamai, procumbentes, crafli,
fuffruticofi, caftanei, ftipulis hirfutis tecti.

FOLIA e furculis annotinis prodeunt, ternata, obovata,
ferrata, pilofa, fericea, fubtus albida, petio-
lis valde pilofis.

STIPULZE radicales, plurimz, ovato acuminate, mem-
branacez.

PEDUNCULI plurimi, afcendentes, teretes, pilofi,
biflori, bra&teà trifoliata inftru&i.

FLORES albi, parvi.

CALYX: PrniANTHIUM monophyllum, planum, fe-
midecemfidum, jig. 3, ex laciniis, quinque
ovato acuminata funt inter petala, petalis paulo
longiora, quinque lanceolata, petalis paulo
breviora, omnibus pilofis. fig. 1.

COROLLA: PrrALrA quinque, alba, parva, fubro-
tunda, patentia, remota, calyci inferta.

STAMINA : FiLAMENTA viginta circiter, in orbem
pofita, fubulata, alba, primum inflexa, de-
mum erecta, corolla breviora; ANTHERE
flavae, biloculares, fiz. 4. s.

JPISTILLUM: GznMINA numerofa, minima, in ca-
pitulum colle&a, fubreniformia; Srvri fim-
plices, lateri germinis inferti; STIGMATA
fimplicia. fig. 7, 8, 9.

RECEPTACULUM foris intra germina et filamenta
glandulofum feu pulpofum, villofum, minia-
tum; fruciás intra germina pilofum. fig. 6.

SEMINA plurima, exfucca, in capitulum collecta, e
flavo fuíca, appendiculo fubvillofo, fig. 10. 11.

his plant indeed feems to be the link.
In all the woods about London, as alfo on
.ripens.its feed.

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ROO'T perennial, blackifh and woody.

STALKS numerous, fix or feven inches in length, pro-
cumbent, thick, fomewhat fhrubby, of a
chefnut colour, and covered with hairy fti-

pula.

LEAVES grow out of the laft years fhoots, three to-
gether, inverfely oval, fawed at the edges,
hairy, filky, whitifh underneath, ftanding on
footítalks which are very hairy.

STIPUL next the root, numerous, oval and pointed,
of a membranous texture.

FLOWER-STALKS numerous, afcending, round,
hairy, fupporting two flowers, and furnifhed
with a three-leav'd bractea.

FLOWERS white and {mall

CALYX: a Periantuium of one leaf, flat, divided
half way down into ten fegments, fig. 3. of
thofe, five which are betwixt the petals are
oval, with a long point, fomewhat longer
than the petals fig. 1. five lanceolate, a little
fhorter than the petals, and all of them hairy.

fig. t.

COROLLA: five, white, fmall, roundifh, {preading
PETALSs, remote from each other, and fixed
to the calyx. fig. 2.

STAMINA : about twenty FILaMENTs, placed in a
circle, tapering, white, at firft bending in-
wards, afterwards upright, fhorter than the
corolla; ANTHERZ yellow, having two cavi-
ties: en do Ga

PISTILLUM : Germina numerous, minute, forming
a little head, fomewhat kidney-fhaped ;
STYLES fimple, inferted into the fide of the
germen; STIGMATA fimple, fig. 7, 8, 9.

RECEPTACLE of the flower betwixt the germina
and filaments glandular or pulpy, villous and
of a fcarlet colour, of the fru betwixt the
germina hairy. jig. 6.

SEEDS numerous, pulplefs, forming a little head, of

a yellowifh brown colour, with an appen-
dage to each fomewhat villous. fig. 10. 11.

THE name of Sterilis by which this fpecies of Strawbery is diftinguifhed, has not been given it becaufe
the plant does not produce perfe& feed, but becaufe it affords no eatable fruit; its leaves point it out asa Straw-
berry, but its fructification has a greater affinity with the Potentilla, betwixt which genus and the Strawberry

fome heaths, we find it in bloflom as early as March, and in June

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PoTENTILLA ANSERINA. SILVER-WeEED.
POTENTILLA Lin. Gen. Pl. Icosanpria Porycintra

Cal. 10. fidus. Petala $. Sem, fübrotunda, iuda, receptaculo parvo
exfucco affixa.

Rai. Syn. Gen. 25. HERBE SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERM E.
POTENTILLA Anferina iohis pinnatis ferratis, caule repente, pedunculis unifloris. Lin.
.P- 396. Spec. PL 5. 710. FI. Suec. a. 452.

SyR. Vegetab

FR AGARIA caule repente, foliis pinnatis ferratis, fubtus tomentofis, petiolis unifforis Haller. bif. 1126.
POTENTILLA Znferina. Scopoli. FJ. Cara. n. 616.
POTENTILLA Baubin. pin. 321. Park. 593.

ARGENTINA Gerard. emac. 993

PENTAPHYLLOIDES Argentina dicta Raii. Syr. p. 456. Wild Tanfy, Silver-weed.

Hudjon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. t. 222.
Lightfoot FI. Scot. 5. 268.
Ocaer. Fl. Dan. t. 544.

n nu pue ae OO a a a ac M E Eee RS iL uRLs E Ie i icai "X

RADIX perennis, ramofa, extus nigro fufca feu albida
| pro ratione etatis, fibrillofa, defcendens.

CAULES feu potius flagella, plures, in longum ex-
tenfze, teretes, geniculate, rubicunda, pubeí-
centes, repentes.

FOLIA fubtus villofa, albido-cinerea, fupra pubefceh-
tia, viridia, fzepe etiam villofa, cinerea, peti-
olata, pinnata cum impari: follis feffilibus,
oppofitis, ovalibus, incifo-ferratis ; quorum
inferiora fenfim minora; radicalia longius
petiolata, procumbentia.

STIPULZ patviufcule, ovales, acute, in ipfo petiolo
communi inter paria foliolorum, fuperne fef-
files, oppofitz, integerrimze, fubtus pariter
villofze. | ;

PETIOLI villofi, fupra plani, bafi vagina concava,
membranacea, tenera, pabefcente, in petiolum
utrinque decurrente.

VAGIN & cauling, h. e füpule, ad genicula caulis
| folitariz,, apice bifidze, fepe multifide, feren-
tes foliolum oblongum dentatum,

FLORES pedunculati, ex vaginis caulis f{tipulaceis,
folitarii.

PEDUNCULI teretes, villofi, uniflort, erecti.

CALYX: PERIANTHIUM monophyllum, villofem,
1o. fidum : laciniis ovatis, imbricatis, patenti
reflexis ; quarum 5 interiores integrae, acuti-
uícule, bafilutefcentes; exteriores 5 obtu-

fiufcule, incifz. fig. 1.
PETALA quinque, lutea, nud obtufa, feffilia, calyci

inferta. fig. 2. 4 |
STAMINA: FiLAMENTA plurima, fubulata, lutea,

calyci inferta, erecta; ANTHER# cordate,
obtufze, erectz, utrinque plane. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: Germrna plurima, ovata, obufa, alba,
villo receptaculi circumdata ; Sryv1 fubulati,
germinis lateri adnatt, lutefcentes, ftamimi-
bus breviores, STIGMATA truncata. fig. 4» 5.

REÉCEPTACULUM barbatum.

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ROOT perennial, branched, externally of a dark brown
or whitifh colour according to its age, fur-
inia with {mall fibres, and penetrating
deep. |

or rather runners, feveral extended to a con-
fiderable length, round, jointed, reddith,

, downy and creeping.

LEAVES hoary on the under fide, of à whitifh: ath-
colour, on the upper fide downy, and green,
though fometimes alfo hoary and filvery,
ftanding on footftalks, pinnated, with an
odd one at the extremity ; the fmall leaves
feffile, oppofite, oval, deeply cut in on the
edge; the lowermoft gradually the fmalleft ;
the radical ones ftanding on longer footftalks.
than the others and procumbent.

STIPULZ fmall, oval, and pointed, placed on the com-
mon footftalk itíelf, betwixt each pair of the
{mall leaves, above {feffile, oppofite, entire,
underneath hoary alfo.

LEAF-STALKS villous, flat on the upper fide, form-
ing a fheath at the bottom, which is hollow,
membranous, tender, downy, running down
each fide of the leaf ftalk.

SHEATHS of the Galks or rather the {tipulz of the

runners, are placed fingly at the joints, bifid
and often multifid at tep, bearing an oblong
indented fmall leaf.

FLOWERS ftanding on footftalks, proceeding fingly
from the joints of the runners.

FLOWER-STALKS round, villous, upright, fupport-
ing one flower.

CALYX: aPznrANTHIUM of one leaf, villous, divi-
ded into xo fegments, which are ovate, the
edges laying one over the other, Ípreading,
and fomewhat turned back, the 5 innermoft
are entire, rather pointed, yellowifhat the bafe,
the outermoft bluntifh and jagged fig. 1.

PETALS five, of a yellowith colour, ovate, obtufe, fef-
file, twice the length of the calyx, very much
expanded, and inferted into the Calyx. fiz. 2.

STAMINA: numerous FILAMEN Ts, tapering, yellow,
inferted into the Calyx, upright ; ANTHERE
heartfhaped, blunt, upright, flat on both fides.

STALKS

pista ren’: GERMINA numerous, ovate, obtufe,
white, furrounded by the hairs, of the recep-
tacle ; SrvrEs tapering, growing out of the
fide of the germen, of a yellowifh colour,
fhorter than the ftamina; STIGMATA trun-
cated. fig. 4

w^
RECEPTACLE hairy.

FEW plants render themfelves more confpicuous by the whitenefs of their leaves than the Potentilla Anferina,
indeed its old name of Argentina was derived from this very circumftance ; it muft be remark’d however that in this
particular it is fubje& to much variation, the leaves being fometimes filvery on both fides, and fometimes entirely
green, but it is moft commonly found with the upper fide of the leaves green, and the under fide filvery ; the
more clayey the foil, the whiter the leaves are generally found to be. oi | A

It is a plant which thrives moft in moift fituations, efpecially if the foil be clayey, and the water apt to ftag-
nate on it, in fuch fituations it may be found almoft every where about London, flowering from July to Sep-

tember.

Ray informs us on very refpe&table authority that the Boys about Settle in Yorkfhire, call the roots of thefe
plants by the name of Moors, and that in the winter feafon they dig them up and eat them, and that he him-
{elf had been a witnefs to their being turned up and greedily devoured by fwine—it deferves the confideration of
the farmer how far thefe animals may be render'd ufeful in this refpe&, not as to this plant only, but many others

which are either noxious or ufelefs.
Its medicinal virtues are wholly out of repute.

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Papaver Ruoras. SMOOTHROUNDHEADED Poppy.

PAPAVER Lin. Gen. PL Poryanprra MoNOGYNIA.

Cor. 4-petala. Cal. 2-phyllus. Cap/u/a 1-locularis, fub ftigmate perfiftente
poris dehifcens. |

Ras Syn. Gen. 22. Herepm® VASCULIFERE FLORE TETRAPETALO ANOMALJE.
PAPAVER Rbwas capfulis glabris globofis, caule pilofo multifloro, foliis pinnatifdis incifis. Lin.
$yf. vegetab. p. 407. Spec. plant. p. 726. Fl. Suecic. n. 468.
PAPAVER. foliis femipinnatis hifpidis fru&u ovato glabro. Haller. bif. s». 1064.
PAPAVER Rbeas Scopoli. Fl. Carm. n. 648.
PAPAVER erraticum majus. Baubin pin. 1716
PAPAVER Ribas Ger. emac. 371.
PAPAVER erraticum Rhoeas five fylveftre. Park. 397.
PAPAVER laciniato folio, capitulo breviore glabro annuum Rhoeas di&um. RaZ Sym. p. 308.
Red Poppy or Corn Rofe.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 230.
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. p. 269.

RADIX annua, fimplex, fibrofa,

CAULIS pedalis ad bipedalem, erectus, ramofus, te-
res, bafi purpurafcens, hifpidulus, pilis bafi
bulbofis.

FOLIA feffilia, bafi fubvaginantia, utrinque. hirfuta,
pinnatifida, incifa, laciniis feu foliolis inz-
qualitet dentato ferratis, dentibus margine
revolutis, apice callofis et fpinula terminatis,

ROOT annual, fimple and fibrous.

STALK from one to two feet high, upright, branched,
round, purphíh at bottom, fomewhat hif-
pid, the hairs bulbofe at the bafe.

LEAVES feffile, forming a kindof fheath at bottom,
hairy on both fides, pinnatifid and jagged,
the {mall leaves into which the large one is
divided unequally toothed, or fawed, each
tooth rolled back at the edge, callous at top
and terminated by a fmall fpine.

FLOWER-STALK upright, each fupporting one
flower, round, hifpid, the hairs projecting
horizontally.

CALYX: a PEnrANTHIUM of two leaves, ovate, hif-
pid, the leaves hollow, membranous on the
edge and deciduous.

COROLLA: four petals, large, {preading, unequal,
of a bright ícarlet colour, marked at the bafe
with a fhining black fpot.

STAMINA: FILAMENTS numerous, purple and very
ülender; ANTHER#® roundith, flatten'd: Por-
LEN green. fíg. I. 2.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN ovate, cut off at top; STvrE
wanting; ST1GMA convex and radiated, rays
about ten of a purple colour. fg. 9.

SEED-VESSEL, fhape of an egg cutoff at top, where
it is {colloped, fmooth, mark'd with as ma-
ny raifed lines as there are ftigmata, and
covered with the ftigma which is permanent,
flat, and alfo fcolloped on the edge. fig. 4.

SEEDS numerous, very minute, of a dark purple
colour. fig. 5.

PEDUNCULI erecti, uniflori, teretes, hifpidi, pilis

patentibu S.

CALYX: Pertantuium diphyllum, ovatum, hifpi-
dulum, foliolis concavis, margine membra-
naceis, deciduis.

COROLLA: PzrALA quatuor, magna, patentia,
nzqualia, coccinea, ad bafin macula nigra,
nitidà notata.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA numerofa, purpurea, ca-
pillaria; ANTHER# fubrotunde, compreflze;
PorrEN viride. fg. 1.2.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN ovatum, truncatum; Sry-
Lus nullus, Stigma convexum, radiatum ;
radiis circiter decem purpureis. fig. 3.

PERICARPIUM: Carsura ovata, apice truncata, et
crenata, levis, lineis elevatis tot quot ftigmata
notata, fügmate plano perfiftente crenato

tecta. fig. 4.

SEMINA plurima, minima, ex atro-purpurafcentia.

Jig. 5

WE have growing wild in the neighbourhood of London, four different fpecies of Poppy that have fome
affinity both in their foliage and flowers to one another, viz. the Papaver Rheas ímooth-round-headed Poppy,
Papaver dubium {mooth-long-headed Poppy, Papaver hybridum prickly-round-headed Poppy, and Papaver Ar gemone
prickly-long-headed Poppy. of thefe the firft, which is here figured is by far the moft common ; growing chiefly
in Corn-fields, it has acquired generally the name of Corn Poppy, in fome countries it is diftinguifhed by the
name of Red-Weed.

A Syrup made from an infufion of the flowers is ufed by the Apothecary, more for the fake of the beautiful
colour it imparts to the medicine, than from its pofleffing any active principle; the Gardener is carefull to cul-
tivate its numerous varieties, while the Farmer is no lefs anxious to root it from his fields, in which it is often
fo predominant as to appear like the real crop. .

Although a Corn-field be its moft ufual place of growth it is neverthelefs frequently found on dry banks and
on walls, and according to fuch fituations it varies extremely in its foliage, but conftantly retains two of its
ftriking characters, viz. the round or rather urn-fhaped form of its capfules, and the proje&ing hairs on the
flowering ftem; thefe always difünguifh it from the uium to which it is very nearly allied.

It flowers from June to Auguft,

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BETONICA OFFICINALIS. Woop Berony.

BETONICA Lm. Gen. Pl. Dipynamia GywNosPERMIA Cal. ariftattiss Corolle lab. fuper: adfcendens,
planiufculum ; Yubus cylindricus.
Ras Syn. Gem. 14. SuFFRUTICES ET Herp& VERTICILLATA: — |
BETONICA officinalis fpica interrupta, corollarum lacinia labii intermedia emarginata, Lin. Spec. Pl.
- P. 810. Fl. Suecic. m. 515. — am ,
BETONICA foliis petiolatis, imis cotdatis, fuperioribus ovatis, crenatis, fpica brevi, foliis infidente,
| Haller Hif. n. $64.
BETONICA officinalis Scopoli FI. Carniol p. 422.
BETONICA purpurea. Baubig pin. : ^ , nt
BETONICA vulgaris ore purpureo Parkinfon. p. 238. Gerard emat. 714. Rait Syn. b. 238. Wood-Betony:
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2.

fe)

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. |. 311.

RADIX perennis, craflitie minimi digiti, horizontalis,
fublignofa, e luteo fufca, tranfverfim rugofa,
fibus plurimis albidis, tenacibus, fibrillofis,
alte defcendentibus inftructa.

ROOT perennial, the thicknefs of the little finger,
horizontal, fomewhat woody, ofa yellowith
brown colour, wrinkled traníverfely, and fur-
nifhed with numerous, long, whitifh, tough,
fibrous ftrings. |

STALKS a foot or more in height, upright, generally
fimple, in gardens branched, four-corner'd,
the corners obtufe, and two of the fides more
deeply hollowed than the others, roughifh,
the hairs, fomewhat rigid, turning down-
ward and prefs'd towards the ftalk, jointed,

the joints near the top of the ftalk removed
far from each other,

LEAVES next the root ftanding on long footftalks,
of an oblong heart-fhaped figure, bluntly
notched, obtufe, veiny and fomewhat wrink-
led, covered with few hairs, but dotted all
over with {mall hollow points, the edge fring-
ed with hairs, thofe on the fialk, oppolite,
narrower, and rather ferrated than crenated,

hanging down, the edges generally curled
back.

FLOWERS purple, growing in a fpike.

SPIKE terminal, oblong, compofed of feveral feffile
clofe whirls, the lowermoft of which are moft

| . commonly remote from the others,

BRACT numerous, placed under each whirl, lan-
ceolate, and a little fhorter than the Calyx.

CALYX: a PERrANTHIvM tubular, internally villous,
broadeft at top, having five teeth, which ter-
minate in five long points, and are permanent,

CAULIS pedalisaut ultra, erectus, plerumque fimplex,

: in hortis ramofus, tetragonus, angulis ob-
tufis, lateribus duobus magis excavatis, fca-
briufculus pilis rigidulis, deorfum verfis,
fub appreflis, geniculatus, geniculis fuperne
icmotis,

FOLIA radicalia longe petiolatà, oblongo-cordata, cre:
nata, obtufa, venofo-rugofa, fubnuda, undi-
que minutim punctata, punctus excavatis,
margine ciliata, cau//a oppofita, anguftiora,
potius ferrata quam crenata, reflexa, margi-
nibus fzpius revolutis,

FLORES purpurei, fpicati.

SPICA terminalis, oblonga, e plurimis verticillis fef-
filibus, approximatis compofita, inferioribus
Ízpius remotis. ,

BRACTE/E plurimz, verticillis fubje&ze, lanceolate,

calyce paulo breviores.

CALYX: PEn1AN THIUM tubulatum, internevillofum,

turbinatum, —quinquedentatum, ariftatum,

perfiftens. fig. 1.
COROLLA monopetala, Zudus incurvus, infra glaber,

albus, fupra purpureus, extus et intus pubef-
cens, calyce longior, Labium fuperius fubro-
tundum, integrum, planum, erectum, infe-
rius trihdum ; J/acinula media latior, fubro-
tunda, emarginata. fiz. 2.

UC

COROLLA monopetalous ; the 725e bending inwards,
below fmooth and white, above purple, downy
both within and without, and longer than
the calyx; the upper Lip roundifh, entire,
flat, and upright, the lower one divided into
three fegmients, the middle one of which is
broader than the others, roundifh with a
notch in the middle. fig. 2.

STAMINA : four Fx, AMENTS, tapering, white, and
downy, longer than the tube, of which the
two lowermoft are fomewhat the fhorteft;
ANTHER# of a reddifh purple colour, com-
pofed of two roundifh lobes. fiz. 3.

PISTILLUM : Germen divided into four parts ; Style
tapering, whitifh, fmooth, fomewhat longer
than the Stamina; Stiema bifid. fg. 4. 6.

NECTARY fe. s.

SEEDS four, brown, fmooth, three corner, the
outermoft fide convex the innermoft gibbous.

| Jg. 7.

ANTONIUS MUSA Phyfician to the Emperor AucusTUs wrote an
gan to be held in fuch efteem in Italy as to occafion the Proverb vende Ia tonica et compra la Betonica that is fell
your coat and buy Betony and when they withed to extol a perfon they would fay Tu hai piu viria, che non ha la
Betonica,. you have more virtues than Betony. Matth. in Diofcor. p. 943. Rai Hift. p> 550.

The leaves and flowers of Betony have an herbaceous roughi
weak aromatic flavour. This herb has long beena favourite among writers on the Materia Medica who have not been
wanting to attribute to it abundance of good qualities. Experience does not difcover any other virtue in Betony
than that of a mild corrobotant ; as fuch, an infufion or light decoction of it may be drank às tea, or a faturated
tin&ure in rectified fpirit given in fuitable dofes, in laxity and debility of the vifcera, and diforders proceeding from
thence. ‘The powder of the leaves, fnuffed up the nofe, provokes Íneezing, and hence Betony is fotnetimes made
an ingredient in fternutatory powders: this effe&t does not feem to be owing, asis generally {nppofed to any pecu-
liar ftimulating quality in the herb but to the rough hairs which the leaves are cover’d with. The roots of this
plant differ greatly in quality from the other parts: their tafte is bitter and very nauíeous : taken in a {mall dofe
they vomit and purge violently, and are fuppofed to have fomewhat in common with the roots of Hellebore.
Lewis Difp. b. 103.

Betony grows abundantl
guft and September.

Ray obterves that is is fometimes found with white and fometimes with flefhcolour'd bloffoms,

STAMINA: FrrAMENTA quatuor, fubulata, alba,
pubefcentia, tubo longiora, quorum duo in-
feriora paulo breviora; ANTHER® e rubro
purpurafcentes, biloba, lobis fubrotundis.

Mos Bs

PISTILEUM: GERMEN quadripartitum ; Styius fub-
ulatus, albidus, glaber, ftaminibus paulo
longior: Strema bifidum, fig. 4. 6.

NECTARIUM fe. z.

SEMINA quatuor, fufca, glabra, triquetra, latere ex-
teriore convexo, interiore gibbofo. fg. 7.

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DrACHYS PDYLvVATICA. Hence NzrrLE

STACHYS Lm. Gen, Pi.

Coroll@ lab. fuper. fornicatum, lab. inferius lateribus reflexum, intermedia

Dipynamia GYMNOSPERMIA,

1 majore emarginata, Stamina defloratà verfus latera reflexa.
Rai Syn, Gen. 24. SUFFRUCTICES ET HERBA VERTICILLAT E.

STACHYS [ylvatica verticillis fexfloris, foliis cordatis petiolatis, Liz.

Fi. Suecic. n. $26.

CARDIACA foliis cordatis ferratis, verticillis nudis, fpicatis. Haller. bif. n. 216.

STACHYS /ylvatica. Scopoli FI. Carniol. n. 706.

. LAMIUM maximum fylvaticum fotidum. — Bauh. pin. 231.

GALEOPSIS vera.

Ger. emac. 709.

GALEOPSIS legitima Diofcoridis. Park. 608. Ravi Syn. ed. p. 343. Hedge-Nettle.

GALEOPSIS five urtica iners magna foetidiffima. y. B. III. 853.

Hudfon FL Angl. ed. 2. p. 259. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 312.

*

RADIX perennis, repens.

. CAULIS erectus, pedalis ad tripedalem, quadrangula-

ris, hirfutus, ramofus.

RAMI oppofiti, fubere@i, cauli fimiles.

FOLIA petiolata, cordata, acuta, ferrata, venofa, utrin-
que hirfuta.

PETIOLI hirfuti, longitudine foliorum.

FLORES faturate at vivide purpurei, verticillati, laxe
{picati, verticillis fexfloris, brevibus pedicel-
lis infidentibus ; ad fingulum geniculum fetz
duodecim, utrinque fex, floribus fubje&tze.

CALYX: Pertanruium monophyllum, campanula-
tum, hirfutum, vifcidum, pun&is prominulis
Ícabrum, purpurafcens, | quinquedentatum,
dentibus acutis, patentibus, fupremo paulo
longiore. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, ringens, purpurea, tubus bre-
viffimus, albus, fauce tenuior, apice ftrangu-
latus, et interne villofus; P'aux nitida, fub-
cylindracea, paululum incurvata, fuperne vil-
lis minimis adfperfa ; Labium fuperius ovatum,
obtufum, integerrimum, inferne concavum,
fuperne convexum, vifcidulum, Ladium in-
ferius majus, trifidum ; albo pulchre varie-
gatum, lacinulà intermedia fubemarginata,

replicata. (fig. 2. 3. 4.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quatuor, quorum duo paulo
longiora, purpurea, nitida, medio paululum
incrafíata, et pilofa; ANTHER# primum ob-
{cure violacez, demum nigricantes ; PoLLEN

| album. fig. 5.
PISTILLUM: Germen quadripartitum ; Srvrvs fili-
formis ; fitu et longitudine ftaminum ; Sric-

MA bifidum, acutum. fig. 6. 7. 8.
NECTARIUM: G/andula majuícula, totam bafin ger-

minis cingens. fig. 9.
PERICARPIUM nullum ; Calyx continens
SEMINA quatuor, ovata, angulata. fig. 10.

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ROOT perennial, and creeping.

STALK upright, from one to three feet high, íquare,
hirfute and branched.

BRANCHES oppofite, nearly like the ftalk.

LEAVES ftanding on footftalks, heart-fhaped, pointed,
ferrated, veiny, hirfute on both fides.

LEAF-STALKS hirfute, the length of the leaves.

FLOWERS of a deep but bright colour, growing
in whirls and forming a loofe fpike, about fix
flowers in each whirl, fitting on fhort flower-

. ftalks, at each joint, twelve fetz or fine point-
.ed leaves, fix on each fide, placed under the
flowers.

CALYX: a Perrantuium of one leaf, bell-fhaped,
hirfute, vifcid, rough with little prominent
points, of a purplifh colour, having five point-
ed fpreading teeth, of which the uppermoft
is fomewhat the longeft- fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetalous, ringent, purple, the tube
very fhort, white, flenderer than the faux,
ftrangled at top where it is villous on the in-
fide; Faux fhining, fomewhat cylindrical,
bending a little down, on the upper part co-
vered with numerous fhort hairs; the upper
Lib ovate, obtufe, entire, below concave,
above convex, and fomewhat vifcid, the lower
Lip large, trifid, beautifully variegated with
white, the middle fegment flightly notched,
and having its fides folded back. fig. z. 3. 4.

STAMINA: four FiLAMENTS, two of which are a
little longer than the others, purple, fhining,
thickened a little in the middle and hairy ;
ANTHERJ at firft of a dull violet colour, fi-
nally blackifh; PorrEwN white. fig 5s.

PISTILLUM : GznMzEN divided into four parts; STYLE
thread-fhaped, fituated with and of the fame
length as the ftamina; Sticma bifid, and
pointed. fig. 6. 7. 9.

NECTARY:alargifh G/azd furrounding the whole
bafe of the germen. fig. 9.

SEED-VESSEL none, the Calyx containing.

SEEDS; four ovate and angular. fig. to.

In the parts of fru&ification, there is a confiderable fimilarity betwixt this fpecies and the paluftris, but in the

form of its leaves it differs very materially.

It grows in almoft every fhady ditch about London and elfewhere, and flowers in June and July, its blofioms
have fufficient beauty to recommend them, and they might perhaps be more an object of admiration, did not the

plant, on being in the leaft bruifed, ímell difagreeably, if not bruifed, its fcent is rather of the agreeable kind.
The Snail, excepted few animals, appear to relifh it. |

Sy Veg. p. 447. Sp. Pl. 811.

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STACHYS PALUSTRIS. CLOWN’s ALLHEAL.

STACHYS Lin. Gen. P]. DipyNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.

Corolle lab. fuper. fornicatum, lab. inferius lateribus reflexum, intermedia
majore emarginata. STAMINA deflorata verfus latera reflexa.

Raii Syn. Gen. 14. SUFFRUTICES ET HERBJE VERTICILLATA.

STACHYS paluftris verbes fubfexfloris, folis lineari lanceolatis femiamplexicaulibus feffilibus.
Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 447. Sp. Pl. 811. Fl. Suec. n. 528.

STACHYS folis hirfutis, elliptico-lanceolatis, breviter petiolatis, verticilis fpicatis. ^ Haller Hi.
Delve

STACHYS falufiris. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 707.
STACHYS paluftris feetida. Baub pin. 2.36.
. SIDERITIS Anglica ftrumofa radice. Park. 587.
PANAX coloni. Gerard. emac. $.1005. Ra Sym. p. 242. Clown's Allheal.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p: 313.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 259+

RADIX perennis, repens, ftolonibus plurimis, albis, pet
terram in longum extenfis, quorum extremi-
tates fub finem eftatis in tubera intumef-
cunt.

CAULIS bipedalis, erectus, ramofus, fiftulofus, qua-
drangularis, lateribus planiufculis, angulis
hifpidulis, pilis deorfum verfis, geniculatus,
geniculis pilofis, purpureis.

RAMI cauli fimiles.

FOLIA oppofita, feffilia, fubamplexicaulia, lanceolata,
patentia, ferrata, fubrugofa, nervo medio fub-
tus fcabriufculo.

ROOT' perennial, creeping, fhoots numerous, white,
extending under ground to a great length,
their extremities at the clofe of the fummer
becoming tuberous,

STALK two feet high, upright, branched, hollow,
four corner'd, the fides flattifh, the corners
fomewhat hifpid with hairs which turn down-
ward, jointed, the joints hairy, and purple.

BRANCHES like the ftalk.

LEAVES oppofite, feffile, flightly embracing the ftalk,
lanceolate, fpreading, ferrated, fomewhat
wrinkly, the midrib on the under fide of the
leaf roughifh.

FLOWERS of a pale purple colour, growing in whirls
which form a fpike, in each whirl is ten
flowers, eight placed circularly, and one on
each fide above them.

SPIKE fix or eight inches high.

FLOR AL-LEA V ES ovate and pointed, entire, hirfute,
threerib'd, and turned downward.

CALYX: a Pertan THIUM of one leaf, tubular, divided
into five fegments, flightly hirfute, purplifh,
marked with ten elevated lines, the mouth
open, the teeth nearly equal and pointed. fig.1.

COROLLA monopetalous, ringent; fuse very fhort,
cylindrical, crowned internally with hairs;
moutb oblong, fomewhat flattened and a little
bent, marked with two prominent dots at the
bafe of the upper 4p; upper 4 upright, fome-
what ovate, arched, nicked, and vifcid at top;
the lower / larger, divided into three feg-
ments, beautifully variegated with white and
purple, the middle fegment very large and
hollow. fig. 2. 3. 4.

STAMINA ; four FILAMENTS, two of which are fome-
what fhorter than the other two, hairy when
magnified, thickeft in the middle, reddifh and
fhininp; ANTHER#, ofa purplith black co-
lour; PorLrEN white. fig. 5. 6.

PISTILLUM: Germe_n divided into four parts; STYLE
thread fhaped, the length of the ftamina;

. Sricma bifid, and pointed. fg. 7. 8. 9.

FLORES verticillati, fpicati, pallide purpurei, verti-
cillis decemfloris, octo in circulum difpofitis,
uno utrinque fuperimpofito.

SPICA fpithamza, erecta.

BRACTE ovato-acuminatz, integerrime, hirfute,
rinerves, deflexe.

CALYX: PerrantHium monophyllum, tubulatum,
quinquefidum, hirfutulum, purpurafcens, li-
neis decem elevatis notatum, ore patulo, den-
tibus fubaequalibus, acuminatis. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, ringens, fubus breviffimus,
cylindraceus, pilis interne coronatus, faux
oblonga, compreffiufcula, fubincurvata, punc-
tis duobus prominulis ad bafin labii fuperioris,
labium fuperius ere&um, fubovatum, fornica-
tum, emarginatum, fuperne vifcidum, /abium _
inferius majus, trifdum, albo et purpureo
pulchre variegatum, lacinulà intermedia maxi-
ma, concava. fig. 2. 3. 4»

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quatuor, quorum duo paulo
breviora, ad lentem fubpilofa, medio craffiora,
rubicunda, nitida; ANTHER# e purpureo-
nigricantes ; PorüzN album. jig. 5. 6.

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PISTILLUM : GznMEN quadripartitum; SrYyrus fli- 4$
formis longitudine ftaminum ; Sriema bifi- :

dum, acutum. fig. 7. 8. 9. H

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Gerarp has been extremely lavifh in his praifes of this plant as a vulnerary, whence it has acquired its name
of Clown’s Wound-wort, or All-heal. He mentions the cafe of a labouring man, who in reaping cut a deep gafh
in his leg, which by the application of this herb was prefently healed, and which doubtlefs would have healed
equally {oon from the application of any other (imple herb, or a little dry lint. In found conftitutions nature often
performs wonders in this way, which generally are attributed to the application.

It behoves the Farmer to know it, as it is a very noxious plant in many corn-fields, encreafing very much by
its roots, which towards the clofe of the fummer become tuberous at their extremities; it encreafes alfo by feed.
Hogs are faid by Linwaus to be fond of the roots; when the crop is off they may probably be turned into thofe
fields where the plant abounds to great advantage. } ; :

It is not confined to corn fields, but is often met with by road fides, efpecially in moiftfituations. It flowers
in July and Auguft.

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SCUTELLARIA galericulata, Common Looped W ILLow-HERA.

SCUTELLARIA Lin. Gen. Pl. Dipynamia GyMNosPERMIA. Calyx ore integro: poft florefcentiam

claufo, operculato.

Rai Sym. Gen. 14. SUFFRUTICES ET. HERBH VERTICILLATJE.

SCUTELLARIA galericulata folis cordato-lanceolatis crenatis, floribus axillaribus. Lin. Svf. Vegetab.
f: 457. Sp. Ph 835. FI. Suecic. n. 538.

CASSIDA folis oblonge cordatis crenatis verticillis nudis bifloris. Haller Hifl. 280.

CASSIDA galericulata. Scopoli Fl. Carnil. 74.

LYSIMACHIA czrulea galericulata, feu Gratiola cerulea, Baub. pin. 246.

LYSIMACHIA galericulata. Gerard. emac. 477.

GRATIOLA cerulea, f. latifolia major. Park. 221.

CASSIDA paluftris vulgatior flore czruleo. Ra Syn. $. 244. Hooded Willow-herb.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. p. 265.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot. 320.

RADIX perennis, tenuis, geniculata, alba, repens.
CAULES pedales aut bipedales, erecti, quadrati, la-
teribus concaviufculis, bilineatis, geniculati,

rigiduli, ramofi, ramis oppofitis, fuberectis.

FOLIA oblongo-cordata, obtufiufcula, 1nzequaliter cre-
nata, fuperiora acuta.

BRACTEJE due, minimz, fetacez, ad bafin pedun-
culi.

FLORES bini, fecundi, czrulei, villofi, fubtus albidi.

CALYX: PER1AN THIUM monophyllum, breviffimum,
tubulatum : ore truncato, fquamula incum-
bente operculi inftar claufihs. fig. 1.

COROLLA monopetala, ringens. Tubus breviflimus,
retrorfum flexus. Faux longa, compreffa. La-
bium fuperius concavum, trifidum : Jacinula media
concava, emarginata; Jaferalibus planis, acu-
tiufculis, intermedize fubjectis. Labium infe-
rius latius, emarginatum, jig. 2.

STAMINA : FILAMENTA quatuor alba, medio craf-
fiora et ad unum latus villofula, duo breviora :
ANTHERJ parve, lutez. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN quadripartitum; STYLUS

fuperne paululum incraffatus, STIGMA fim-

lex, incurvatum, acuminatum. fig. 4. 5. 6.

PERICARPIUM nullum, Calyx bipartibilis, operculo
claufus, capfulz vicem gerens.

SEMINA 1 ad 4 fubrotunda, pallide fuíca, fuper-
ficie fcabra. fig. 9. 10.
RECEPTACULUM íeminum fubrotundum. jig. 8.

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ROOT perennial, flender, jointed, white and creeping.

STALKS from one to two feet high, upright, fquare,
the fides a little hollow'd and mark'd with
two lines, jointed, füffifh, branched, the
branches oppofite and nearly upright.

LEAVES of an oblong heart fhape, fomewhat blunt,
ftanding on footftalks, rather wrinkly and
unequally crenated, thofe on the top of the
plant pointed.

FLORAL-LEAVES two, very fmall and fetaceous,
at the bafe of the flower ftalk.

FLOWERS growing in pairs, one way, of a blue co-
lour, downy, and whitifh underneath.

CALYX: a PER1aANTHIUM of one leaf, very fhort,
and tubular; the mouth as if cut off, having
a fcale on it which feems to do the office of
a lid. jig. 1.

COROLLA monopetalous and ringent. Tube very
fhort and bent backwards. Throat long, com-
prefled. upper Lip hollow, and trifd, the
middle fegment hollow and nicked; the fide ones
flat, pointed and placed under the middle one,
Lower Lip broad and nicked. fig. 2. —

STAMINA: four white Fir AMENTS, thickeft in the
middle and a little villous on one fide, two
fhorter than the others; ANTHER#& {mall
and yellow. jig. 3.

PISTILLUM : GerMe_n divided into four parts, SryLE
towards the top a little thickend; Sriema
fimple, hooked and pointed. fig. 4. 5. 6. .

SEED-VESSEL: none, the Calyx which fplits into
two parts, being clofed by its lid anfwers
the purpofe of a capfule.

SEEDS from one to four, roundifh, of a pale brown
colour, with a roughifh furface. fig. 9. 1o.

RECEPTACLE of the feeds roundith. fig. 8.

BOTANY would certainlf pleafe more in the ftudy of it, were the Genera as in the prefent inftance diftin&ly
characterized, the fingular and curious conftruétion of the Calyx in this genus is very deferving of a minute

attention.

This fpecies of Scutellaria grows commonly on the edges of rivers and ponds, and flowers in June, July and

Au gult.

It has a very encreafing root, and hence fhould cautioufly be introduced into the Garden.

HALLER attributes to it the fmell of Garlick which it fcarcely merits.,

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ANTIRRHINUM SPURIUM. Rouup.LEAvED FLUELLIN.

ANTIRRHINUM Lm. Gen. P]. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMÍA;

Cal. 5. phyllus. Corolle bafis deorfum prominens, netarifera. Capfula 2-
locularis. |

Ra Syn.Gen. 19. HERBE FRUCTU SICCO SINGULARI, FLORE MONOPET ALO.

AN'TIRRHINUM Jjurium folis ovatis alternis, caulibus procumbentibus. Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 464.
"Sp. Pl. 854.

ANTIRRHINUM caule procumbente, foliis villofis, ovatis, imis conjugatis, fuperioribus alternis. Haller.
ZI. p. 771

ANTIRRHINUM JputSum. | Scopoli Fl, Carniol. 771.
ELATINE folio fubrotundo. Bauhin pin. 252. Park. 533.
VERONICA foemina Fuchfii feu Elatine Ger. em. 625.
LINARIA Elatine di&a folio fubrotundo.

Ran Syn. p.* 282. Round-leaved Female Fluellin.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 272.

The Antirrhinum fpurium bears fo great an affinity in its habit and fruCtifications (vid. fig. 1, 2, 3.) to the
Elatine, that it would be fuperfluous to defcribe it minutely; it is fufficiently diftinguifhed from that plant by its
leaves alone, which in this fpecies are always round, in that haftate, at leaft thofe of the ftalk, for in both fpecies
the leaves next the root are roundifh and generally indented; of the two the /purzum is the largeft plant.

Although Linnzus has given it the name of /purium, there is no reafon to fuppofe it the fpurious offspring
of the Elatine, as the two plants generally grow feparate. About Alton, in Hampfhire, the jurium abounds in many
corn fields, without the leaft mixture of the E/atime; and about Coomb-wood, in Surry, the Elatzne may be found in
plenty, without the leaft traces of the /puwrium: while in fome counties they grow promifcuoufly in the fame field.

The round-leaved is by far the fcarceft plant near town ; I found it laft July tolerably plentiful and in bloffom,
in acorn field betwixt Beckenham and Shirley Common.

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Brassica MURALIS. Wirp Rocker.

BRASSICA Lune: Gen. PL TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.
Cal. erectus, donnivens. Sem globofa. Glandula inter ftamina breviora
et piftillum, interque longiora et calycem.
Rai Syn. Gen. 21. Herpm TETRAPETAL# SILIQUOSZ ET SILICULOSA.
BRASSICA murals foliis lanceolatis finuato ferratis leviufculis, caule erecto glabro. Hudfon Fl. Angl.
p. 290-
ERUCA foliis glabris, pinnatis, pinnis linearibus difformibus. Haller hif. n. 461.
ERUCA fylveftris. Matt. in Diofc. p. 531. cum icone.
ERUCA tenuifolia perennis flore luteo. Ff. B. 2. 861.
ERUCA fylveftris. Gerard emac. 246.
ERUCA fylveftris vulgatior. Parkinfon. 818.
ERUCA fylveftris major vulgatior foetens. Hi. Ox. II. 230. Raz Syn. p. 296. Wild Rocket.

RADIX perennis, fublignofa, intra muros profunde
penetrans, vix evellanda.

CAULIS fefquipedalis, erectus, ramofus, teres, bafi
fublignofus, perennans.

ROOT perennial, fomewhat woody, penetrating deep
into the walls, fcarcely to be pulled out.

STALK a foot and a half high, upright, branched,
round, at bottom fomewhat woody and pe-
rennial, 1

LEAVES pinnatifid and jagged, {mooth, fpreading,
of a difagreeable fmell.

CALYX before the flowers are expanded has the ap-
pearance of having two horns, which are
fhort, and furnifhed with one, or two hairs ;
on the expanfion of the petals, it is compofed
of four, oblong, hollow leaves, two of which,
being gibbous at top hang down, and the
other two ftand upright. fig. 1. 2. 3.

COROLLA four PrTArs, rather large, twice the
length of the calyx, clawed, upright, and of
a yellow colour. fig. 4.

NECTARY : four Glands, two placed on the outfide
of the bafe of the filaments, unufually long,
externally bent in at top, two placed on the
infide of the bafe of the filaments, fhorter and
roundifh. fig. 7. 8.

STAMINA: fix Firaments, two of which are fhort-
er than the reft, tapering, upright and yel-
lowifh; Aw THER x laying acrofs the filaments,
and fomewhat arrow-fhaped. fic. c.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN oblong, flender, Style very
fhort ; ST1GMA forming a little head. fig. 6.

SEED-VESSEL: a Pod about an inch and a half long,
round, mark’d on each fide witha prominent
line. frg. 9.

SEEDS numerous, ímall, brown, fomewhat oval, and
a little flatten'd.

FOLIA pinnatifido-laciniata, glabra, patentia, odoris
ingrati.

CALYX priufquam flores aperiuntur quafi bicornis,
cornibus brevibus, pilo uno, alterove inftru&-
155 flore aperto tetraphyllus, foliolis oblongis,
concavis, duobus cum apicibus gibbofis deor-
fum tendentibus, duobus ereQs. fig. 1. 2. 3.

COROLLA: PzrALA quatuor, majufcula, calyce

duplo longiora, unguiculata, erecta, flava.

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Eom Glandule quatuor, duo extra bafin
filamentorum preter morem longz, apice ex-
trorfum incurvate, duo intra bafin filamen-
torum breviora, fubrotunda. jig. 7. 8.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA fex, quorum duo breviora,
fubulata, erecta, flavefcentia; ANTHERJE 1n-
cumbentes, fubfagittate. jig. 5.

PISTILLUM: Germewn oblongum, tenue; STYrLvs

| breviffimus ; STIGMA capitatum. jig. 6.

PERICARPIUM: Svligua íeíquiuncialis, teres, u-
trinque linea prominenti notata. jig. 9.

SEMINA plurima, minuta, fufca, fubovata, compref-
fiufcula.

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MaTTHIOLUS, one of the firít Botanifts who has taken notice of this plant, calls it Eruca fylveffris, and has
iven us a tolerable good figure of it, fufficient at leaft with his annexed defcription to identify it: Caspar Bav-
HINE quotes this plant from Matthiolus, with this addition, Eruca fylveftris major lutea caule afpero, now there cer-
tainly is no appearance either in the plant, in Matthiolus's defcription, or figure, which juftifies thofe expreffions,
for as TournerorT obferves in his Hifl, des plantes des environs de Paris the branches have fometimes a few {mall
hairs on them but by no means can they be called rough, this defcription of Bauhine's has therefore created much
confufion, nor is the name of J. BAvuiwE which Tournefort has adopted perhaps totally free from objection, the
term Zenuifolia though proper when placed as the oppofite to /at/fol/z, in the prefent inftance is liable to miflead.

Did we entertain the leaftidea of the infufficiency of Matthiolus’s, figure or defcription, TourNEForT and Ray

have defcribed it with fo much accuracy as to leave no doubt of their being well acquainted with it, they both
particularize its difagreeable fmell, Tournefort’s expreflions are fon odeur approche de celle des builes fétides re£tifiées
fur la chaux vive; Rays odor tolius planta fetidus et ingratus, noffris [altem naribus ; if any thing more were wanting
to their defcriptions we might add fome peculiarities in its fructifications, as that the Calyx before it opens ap-
pears to have two little fhort horns from each of which iffue one or more fine hairs, when the flower is expanded
two of the leaves of the Calyx ftand almoft upright, while the other two bend back, and that two of the glands
are uncommonly long.

Mr. Hupsox in the firft edition of his Flora Anglica, calls this plant Brafica Erucaftrum, in the fecond edition
he has made it a new fpecies, it certainly does not accord with LiNwN xvs's fpecific defcription of that plant, its
fru&ifications denote it to be a Braffca, and it does not agree with any of the other fpecies of Braffica in Lixw vs,
I have therefore adopted Mr. Hupson’s name.

The Garden Rocket Braffca Eruca was formerly much cultivated in Gardens for medicinal ufe and for Sallads ;
but is at prefent lefs common, the feeds have a pungent tafte of the muftard kind but weaker, they have long
been celebrated as aphrodifiacs, and may, probably, have in fome cafes a title to this virtue in common with other
acrid plants, and this as Ray obferves, was not only the opinion of the Phyficians but alfo of the Poets of former
times, which he illuftrates by the following quotations :

Man TIAL. Et Fenerem revocans Eruca morantem.

CoLuMELLA, Excitat ad Venerem tardos Eruca maritos.

Ovip. Nec mins Erucas jubeo vitare falaces. :

The Brafica muralis grows very plentifully in and about London, and is I believe of general growth on moft of
the old Walls and Caftles throughout England, with us in particular it grows on the walls around the Tower, at
the back of Bedlam, and near Hyde-Park, it is alfo frequently found among rubbifh, it flowers during the greateft
part of the fummer. +6 |

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CaARDAMINE AMARA. Bitter LapigssMock.

CARDAMINE Lin. Gen. Pi, TetTrapyNamia Stxievosa. Sigua elaftice diffiliens, valvulis revo-
) lutis. Stigma integrum, Ca/yx fubhians.

Rait Syn. Gen. 21. HERBA TETRAPETALJE SILIQUOSJE et SILICULOSJE.

CARDAMINE amara foliis pinnatis axillis ftoloniferis. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. pe 497. p. 915« Fl. Suecic. n.
596. |

CARDAMINE folis pinnatis, fubrotundis, angulofis. Haller. bif. 474.

CARDAMINE ftolonifera ScopoZ, ic. 39 ?

NASTURTIUM aquaticum majus et amarum. Baub. pin. 104.

CARDAMINE flore majore elatior. Tourn. Inf. R. H. Rau Syn. 291. Bitter Crefles.
Hudjon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 294. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 350-

RADIX perennis, tenuis, albida, repens.
CAULIS pedalis ad bipedalem, ere&tus, bafi ftoloniferus,
flexuofus, fubangulatus, glaber, ramofus.

ROOT perennial, flender, whitifh, and creeping.

STALK from one to two feet high, upright, at bottom
throwing out runners from the ale of the
leaves, crooked, fomewhat angular, {mooth,
fhining, and branched.

LEAVES mext the root large, round, and almoft per-
fectly entire ; on the fialk nearly upright, pin-
nated, confifting for the moft part of three
pair of pinnz with an odd one, pinnz oblong,
angular, each angle terminated by a fmall
tooth or point, fmooth, the edge, if viewed
with a magnifier, appearing finely ciliated,
the terminal pinna larger than the others,
and divided into more angles.

FLOWERS white, confidering the largenefs of the
plant rather fmall, very like thofe of the com-
mon Ladies-fmock, but never coloured.

PEDUNCULES without any bra&za, round, {mooth,
and alternate.

CALYX: aPEniANTHIUM of four leaves, the leaves
oblong, hollow, upright, yellowifh, membra-
nous at the edge, and deciduous. fig. r.

COROLLA: four PETALs, fomewhat upright, white,
with a greenifh bafe, of an oblong-oval Íhape,
füghtly notched, flat, with lines deeply en- -
graven, ig. 2.

STAMINA: fix FILAMENTS, two of which are fhorter
than the others, tapering and white; An-
THERJE incumbent, purple, the top rolled

FOLIA radicalia magna, rotundata, fubintegerrima 5
caulina íubere&a, pinnata, pinnarum paria
plerumque tria cum impari, pinnz oblongz,
angulatz, angulis denticulo terminatis, leves,
margine ad lentem vifee minutim ciliate, ex-
timá majori et in plures angulos divisà.

FLORES albi, pro magnitudine plantz, minores, flof-
cubs Cardamines pratenfis perquam fimiles,
nunquam vero colorati.

PEDUNCULI ebra&zati, teretes, leves alterni.

CALYX: PertantHium tetraphyllum, foliolis con-
cavis, erectis, flavefcentibus, margine mem-
branaceis, deciduis. fig. 1.

COROLLA: PETALA quatuor, fuberecta, alba, bafi
virefcentia, oblongo-ovata, fubemarginata,
plana, lineis profundis exarata. fig. 2.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA fex, quorum duo breviora,
fubulata, alba; Aw HERE incumbentes, pur-
purez ; apicibus convolutis, fig. 5. 3.

GLANDULZE ut in Cardamine pratenfi. fig. 7.

GERMEN compreffum, minute articulatum, longitu-
dine ftaminum ; STYLus brevis, obliquus ;
STIGMA minimum. (fig. 4.

PERICARPIUM : Si/;gua et Semina ficut in Cardamine
pratenfi, nifi majora. fig. 8. 9.

up. fig. 5. 3.
GLANDS asin the common Ladies-fmock. fir. 7.
GERMEN flat, finely jointed, the length of the fta-
mina; STYLE fhort and oblique; STIGMA

very minute. fig. 4.
SEED-VESSEL: Pod and Seeds fimilar to thofe of the.

common Ladies-fmock, but larger. fig. 8. 9.

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The Cardamine amara differs from the pratenfis in divers refpects, yet its affinity is fo confiderable as often to
occafion its being miftaken for 1t; if the following characters, which diftinguifh it in particular from that plant,
are attended to, the ftudent will not eafily be mifled. !

The Cardamine pratenfis isa plant common in almoft every wet meadow, this on the contrary is much more
local, and rather affects to grow on the edges of rivulets and ftreams of water, than in the open meadow; the
ftalk-leaves of the pratenfis are ufually narrow, the fides clofing almoft together, thefe on the contrary are large,
broad, and very angular, more refembling indeed the water-crefs, from which fimilarity this plant has obtained
among the old Botanifts the name of Nafurtium ; it is in every refpect a larger plant than the pratenfis, its bloffoms
excepted, which are nearly of the fame fize; and, asin the pratenfis they are always of a purple colour, more or
leis deep, fo in this they are always perfectly white, the antherz, which in the pratenfis are of a yellow colour,
here form a ftriking contraft, and appear of a deep purple, and that, fo far as I have obferved, invariably, the
tips of them are alfo more curled up; the ftyle, which in the pratenfis is upright, in the amara has an unufual
obliquity in it, which I believe has not been noticed; towards the bottom of the ftalk the amara is more difpofed
to throw out runners from the ale of the leaves than the pratenfis, but this character depends, in a confiderable
degree, on the circumftances of fituation, moifture, &c. the pratenfis has a fimilar difpofition in degree, and I
have {een it throw out roots from the midrib of the bottom leaves.

This plant may be confidered as one of our plantz rariores, I have noticed it here and there on the banks of
the Thames, and the creeks running from it about Batterfea and Chelfea, Mr. Alchorne has obíerved it about Lew-
yam, and in the neighbourhood of Uxéridge, it grows in abundance.

it flowers in May, and ripens its feed in June.

Irs virtues and ufes remain to be difcovered, it has a ftrong biting tafte of the crefs kind, but not that degree
of bitternefs which would juftify the epithet amara.

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Carpamine Prarensis. Common | Laprgssuock.

CARDAMINE Lin. Gen. PI. TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA Siliqua elaftice diffiliens valvulis revolutis.
| Stigma integrum. Cal. fubhians.

Rai Syn. Gen. 21. FERBE TETRAPETALJE SILIQUOSJE ET SILICULOSJE.

CARDAMINE fraftenfis folis pinnatis : foliolis radicalibus fubrotundis, caulinis lanceolatis. Lin. Sf
Vegetab. p. 497. Sp. Pl. gis. Fl. Suec. n. 585.

CARDAMINE foliis pinnatis, radicalibus fubrotundis, caulinis linearibus. Haller. Diff. n. 473.
CARDAMINE pratenfis, Scopol; Fl. Carn. n. 819.

NASTURTIUM pratenfe magno flore Bauh. p. 104. /

FLOS CUCULI Dod. pempt. 592.

CARDAMINE Ger. emac. 259;

NASTURTIUM pratenfe majus five Cardamine latifolia. Parkins 285. Ra Sym p. 299. Ladies

Smock or Cuckow-flower.

Hudfon Fl, Angl. ed. 2. p. 294. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 349+

SE ETUR X LIUM aT ST ccc NECI CIE MI MA eel A

RADIX perennis, craffiufcula, alba, multis fibris te- : ROOT M P white furnifhed with a
nuibus capillata. i arge tuit ox fine fibres. |
CAULIS dodrantalis, ere&us, apice parum ramofus, Y STALK about nine inches high, upright, at top à

teres, obfolete angulofus, levis, firmus, pur- i little branched, round, Ícarce perceptibly
purafcens. : pales {mooth, ftiffifh, with a purplifh
inge.

FOLIA radicalia faepius manca, in orbem fparfa, pin- P LEAVES next the root frequently imperfect, fpreading
nata, pinnis fubrotundis, inequahter triden- Y in a circular form, pinnated, the pinne round-
tatis, extimo majori, et fiepius quinque den- 3 ifh, running out into three unequal angles or
tato, breviflime pedicellata, levia; caulina Y teeth, the outermoft largeft, and having for
pinnata, erecta, pinnis plurimis, confertis, i the moft part five angles, ftanding. on very
fublinearibus, concavis. Y fhort footftalks and {mooth; thofe on the

¥ {talk pinnated, upright, the pinnze numerous,
i growing thickly together, fomewhat linear
M and hollow.

RACEMUS terminalis, pedunculatus, nudus, glaber. $ RACEMUS, or Flower-bunch, terminal, furnithed
i with footftalks, naked and fimooth.

CALYX: Pertantuium tetraphyllum, foliolis ova- $ CALYX: a PEnrANTHIUM of four leaves, which are
to-oblongis, obtufis, margine membranaceis, i oval, obtufe, membranous at the edge, hol-
concavis, alternis bafi gibbofis, deciduis. jig. 1. Y low, the alternate ones gibbous at the bafe,

i and deciduous. fig. r.

COROLLA cruciformis, dilute purpurea feu albida; d COROLLA crofs-fhaped, of a pale purple or whitifh
Petala obovata, fubemarginata, unguibus fla- y colour ; Petals inverfely oval, flightly notched,
vefcentibus, longitudine calycis. jig. 2. i claws E a yellowifh colour, the length of the

calyx. fig. 2.
STAMINA: FiLAMENTA fex, fubulata, quorum duo j STAMINA : fix Filaments, tapering, the two fhort-
| breviora, incurvata; ANTHERJ cordato line- i eft of which bend inward; Ax THER x heart-
ares, incumbentes, flava. fig. 3. i a yet linear, incumbent and yellow.
| $. 3°

NECTARIUM : Glandule quatuor, quorum duo fila- i NECTARY à four Glands, two of which furround the

mentorum breviorum bafin cingunt, duo ex- y bafe of the fhorteft filaments, and two are

tra bafin flamentorum longiorum locantur. i placed on the outfide of the bafe of the long
filaments.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN cylindraceum, tenue; Sry- : PISTILLUM: Germen cylindrical, and flender;
LUS breviffimus; Sricma capitatum, fta- i STYLE very fhort; Stigma forming a little
minibus paulo brevior. jig. 4. s. i head, and not quite fo long as the flamina.
Vio A Ee

PERICARPIUM : S///qua cylindraceo-compreffa, bi- : SEED-VESSEL a Pod cylindrical, and fomewhat
locularis, bivalvis, valvulis dehifcendo fpira- t flattened, of two cavities and two valves,
raliter revolutis. fig. 6. 7. Y

3 : M the valves in opening curling up. fig. 6. 7.
SEMINA plurima, comprefla, flavefcentia. fig. 8. ¥ SEEDS numerous, flattened and yellowith. 1529:

The flowers of the Cardamine pratenfis were a few years fince introduced into practice, and recommended as fer-
viceable in various fpafmodic complaints by Sir W. Baker, in the firft volume of the Medical ÜTranfattions, fach
as the convulfive Afthma, fpafms of the abdominal and other mufcles, St. Vitus's Dance, Epilepfy, &c. the dofe
recommended was from a icruple to half a drachm or more of the powder of the dried flowers, to be taken
morning and evening.

From the difufe into which this medicine has fallen, it fhould feem that it had not anfwered the expectations
of fucceeding practitioners neither here nor abroad. Vid. Murray s Apparat. Medicam. V. 2. p. 2

It gives a name to the Papilio Cardamine or Orange-tip Butterfly, which according to Linnvs feeds on it.

Sometimes it is found with double flowers, in which ftate it is kept in the gardens of the curious, wh
it requires a moift fhady fituation.

In the colour of its blofloms it js fubje& to much variation, they are ufually white, with a tinge of purple, and

ornament our meadows in the delightful month of May, as defcribed by Shakefpeare in Loves Labour loft :
When daifies py d and violets blue,
4nd cuckow-buds of yellow hue,
4nd iADY-sMocKs all filver white
Do paint the meadows with delight, &c.
It probably acquired its plain Englifh name of Lady-fmock from the white appearance which its bl
to the meadows where it abounds, refembling linen bleaching on the grafs:

“* When maidens bleach their Summer {mocks,”

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_ a practice very general formerly, when moft families {pun and bleached their own linen.

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SISYMBRIUM Linnai. Gen. Plant, '"lUgTRADYNAMIA Sizravosa.
Siliqua. dehifcens valvulis re&iufculis. Ca. patens. Cor. patens,
Rad. Syn. Gen, 231. Hersam TETRAPETALE SiLIQVOs ET SILICULOSA.
SISYMBRIUM fylveftre filiquis declinatis oblongo-ovatis, foliolis lanceolatis ferratis, Lin. Syff,
vegciab. p. 49".
SISYMBRIUM foliis pinnatis, pinnis dentatis diffitis Haller. Hf. 1. 48 &

SISYMBRIUM Roripa? Stofoli Fl. Carniol. p. 823.

SISYMBRIUM paluftre repens Nafturtii folio. Tournefort plant autour de Paris pie
ERUCA fylveftris minor luteo parvoque flore Bauhin pin. 98.

ERUCA quibufdam fylveftris repens, flofculo luteo Baub, Hif. a p. 866.

ERUCA aquatica Ger. emat, 248. Park. 1242. Rai. Sym. 297. Water-Rocket, Rais. Hif. p. 908.
Hud[on. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 296.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot 5. 351.

RADIX perennis, albida, tenuis, infigniter repens,
plurimis germinibus tuberculofa.

ROOT perennial, whitith, flender, remarkably cree-
| ping, thickly befet with germs which give
J it a knobbed appearance.

STALKS nuümerous, a foot high, nearly upright,
weak, fometimes purplifh, fmooth, fomewhat _
angular and finely grooved, branched, the
branches very flightly hairy.

LEAVES next the root pinnatifid, the pinnz or fmall
leaves fomewhat oval, toothed or fawed, and
{mooth, the leaf ftalk purplifh, leaveson the
ftalk alternate, ferrated or entire.

FLOWER-STALK hollowed above.

FLOWERS fmall and yellow.

FLOWER-STALK : the general flower-ftalk bent in
and out and fupporting many flowers, the
partial ones alternate, fpreading almoft ho-
rizontally, or bent a little upwards, generally

. longer than the pod. |

CALYX: a PEn1TANTHIUM of four leaves, which are

oval, hollow, upright, equal and yellowith.

CAULES plurimi, pedales, fübere&i, debiles, inter-
dum purpurafcentes, glabri, angulato-ftriati,
ramofi, ramis hirfutulis.

FOLIA radicalia pinnatifida, pinnis fubovatis, denta-
to-ferratis, levia, petiolo purpurafcente, cau-
lina alterna, fubpinnatifida, pinnis lanceo-
latis, ferratis, integrifve.

PETIOLUS fuperne canaliculatus.

FLORES parvi, lutei.

PEDUNCULUS communis multiflorus, flexuofus,
Pedunculi proprii alterni, patentes, aut furfum
paululum curvati, filiqua plerumque longi-
ores.

CALYX: Pznt1ANTIUM tretraphyllum, foliolis ovatis,
concavis, erectis, zqualibus, flavefcentibus,

jio. 1; |
COROLLA: PETALA quatuor, unguiculata, obtufa,

Jed es
COROLLA: four Perars each having a claw, and
patentia, calyce paulo longiora, fig. 2.

blunt at the point, {preading and a little
longer than the calyx, fig. 2.
NECTARY .: four glands, of a deep green colour,
united in a circle.
STAMINA : fix filaments, two of which ate fhorter
than the others, tapering, and yellow, Ax-
THER# laying acrofs the Filaments. fy. Dx

NECTARIUM: Glandule quatuor, faturate virides,
in circulum coadunate.

STAMINA: Firament fex, quorum duo breviora,
fubulata, flava; Amw'rHERgx incumbentes,

Jig. 3-
PISTILLUM : Germen oblongum, teres, longitudine

ftaminum, fig. 5, SrYyrvs breviffimus ; Sr16-
MA capitatum, villofum. fig. 4.

PISTILLUM : Germen oblong, round, the length
of the ftamina fig. 5, STYLE very fhort ;
STIGMA forming a httle head and villous.

SJB 4
SEED-VESSEL a fhort Pod, fearce half an inch
long, round, bending upwards, generally

abortive. fig. 6,

PERICARPIUM: SiriQUA brevis, vix femuncialis,
teres, furfum curvata, plerumque abortiva,
fig. 6,

S€€«€ 4S 4846 4 444 A€4€ 44-4616 LE HOKE 4 44 1114414164444 44 464444 ERE LE 44/4444 44940 HELE KE EERE RE LEE:

TOURNEFORT in his Hyfoire des Plantes des environs de Paris, has defcribed our plant with much accuracy,
it appears from his account to be plentifull not only along the banks ofthe See, but in the the courts before
Houfes, and in moft moift fituations, it is alfo defcribed by Ray, in his Hf. Plant; with us it is not of fuch
general growth but in thofe fituations in which it does occur we find it in great abundance; the watery part of
Tothill Fields Weflminfier is over run with it; 1 fcarcely know any plant that requires to be introduced into a Gar-
den with more caution than this; efpecially if the ground be moift.

It continues to flower from June to September. Both Ray and Tournerort mention the feeds of this plant,
it is probable they found it growing in a dry fituation favourable to their ripening, the feed veflells which I have

- had an opportunity of feeing have all proved abortive, which I fufpeét is natural to the plant as it encreafes fo
confiderably by its root; —. f
This plant affords no ftriking generic character, but may be referred to almoft any Genus in the Order.

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(JER ANIUM pyrenaicum. perennial | JOVES-F OOT CRANESBILL.
| GERANIUM Lin. Gen. Pl. MoNADELPHIA DECANDRIA.
Monogyna. Stigmat. 5. Fruéfus roftratus, 5-coccus.
Rai Syn. Gen. 24. HERBH PENTAPETALE VASCULIFERE,
GERANIUM fyrenaicum pedunculis bifloris, foliis inferioribus quinquepartito-multifidis, rotundatis ;
fuperioribus trilobis, caule ere&o. Linn. Syfl. Vegetab. pr 514.
GERANIUM pedunculis bifloris, foliis multifidis, laciniis obtufis, inzequalibus, petalis bifidis, Gerard,

Fl. Gallo-prov. p. 434. fig. 16.2. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed 2. p. 302. Lightfoot FL. Scot. p. 367. —

RADIX perennis. . | ¥ ROOT perennial. . .
CAULES fubereéti, pübefcentes, pedales, et ultra, ra- M STALKS nearly upright, and downy, à foot high, or
mofi, geniculdti, geniculis paululum incraf- $ more, branched, and jointed, the joints a lit-

tle fwelled.

LEAVES of the root of a roundifh figure, fomewhat
hirfute, and veiny, the edge often reddifh;
divided into feven lobes, each of-which is fub-
divided into about three bluntifh fegments,
terminated by a fhort point, the middle feg-
ment the largeít; thofe of the flat oppofite;
compofed of fewer lobes, and thoíe more

. widely feparating behind. .

LEAF-STALKS zexz the root very long, round, and
downy, exhibiting if cut acrofs four white
dots on their extremities.

STIPULZE: four at each joint, two on each fide; fur-
rounding the joint, divided into two or three
dz, rubentes, perfiftentes. Íegments; of a reddifh colour and permanent.

PEDUNCULI pubefcentes, bifidi, biflori, Pedicelh Y FLOWER-STALKS downy, bifid, fupporting two

, Y

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FOLIA radicalia rotundata, hirfutula, venofa, margine
fepe rubicunda, feptemlobata, lobis fubtri-
fidis, lacinüs obtufiufculis, mucronatis, in-
termedia majore; caulma oppofita, lobis pau-
cioribus, iifque poftice magis remotis.

PETIOLI radicales, przlongi, teretes, pubefcentes, fi
difcindantur extremitatibus fuis puncta qua-
tuor alba exhibentes.

STIPUL/ ad fingula genicula quaternz, utrinque

bine, genicula ambientes, bifida, vel trifi-

minoribus notati, the general one, and furnithed at bottom with
four {maller füpule. .
FLOWERS largifh and purple, before they open hang-
ing down, afterwards bécoming upright.
CALYX: a PEnrawTHiIUM divided into five oval
pointed fegments, terminated by a fhort brown
bluntifh point, having three ribs, edged with
hairs, and flightly clammy. fig. 1.
COROLLA: five PETALS twice the length of the
calyx, inverfely heart thaped, bifid at top, at
| bottom villous. fig. 2.
NECTARY : five yellowith Glands placed at the bot-
tom of the Stamina. fig. s.
STAMINA: ten FiLAMENTS, purplifh at top, AN-
THERE blueifh ; PorrEN white and globular.
The outer row of antherz fhed their pol en
firft and then drop off, but are never infertile.

FLORES majufculi, purpurei, antequam aperiuntur
nutantes, poftea erect. |

CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quinguepartitum, laciniis
ovato-lanceolatis, brevi mucrone fufco obtu-
fiufculo terminatis, trinervibus, ciliatis, fub-
vifcofis. jig. 1.

COROLLA: Perata quinque, calyce duplo longi-
ora, obcordata, apice bifida, bafi villofa. fig. 2.

NECTARIUM : Glandule quinque flavefcentes ad bafin
Staminum. fg. 5.

STAMINA: FrirAMENTA decem, alba, apice pur-
purafcentia; AN THERE coerulefcentes; Por-
LEN album, globofum. Antherz extus pofite
pollen pra ceteris dimittunt, et dein deci-
dunt, nunquam vero abortiunt. fig. 3. Y Js 3:

PISTILLUM : GERMEN pentagonum, viride; Stytus $ PISTILLUM: GznuEN five corner'd, ofa green co-

fulcatus; STriGMATA quinque, longitudine i lour; STYLE grooved; SriGMATA five, the

Antherarum. fig. 4. i length of the Antherze. fig. 4. ;

FRUCTUS pentacoccus, 4ri//us carinatus, hirfutulus. : FRUIT compofed of five prominent feeds, Jeed-cover-
fig. 6. Y mg mark'd with a prominent line, and flightly

H hirfute. fig. 6.
SEMEN ovatum, fufcum, lzve. * SEED oval, brown; and fmooth.
The great fimilarity exifting between the prefent Geranium, the molJe, and rotundifolium, has occafioned no {mall
confufion among the fynonyms of Authors, which as Haller obferves, are covered with impenetrable obfcurity.

Neverthelefs an attentive obfervance of the plants themfelves, as they grow wild, will fhew that they may be
diftinguifhed without any great difficulty. In treating of the mole which is the moft liable to be MU rr
this fpecies, I obferved that it was fubje& to many varieties, particularly in tbe colour of its bloffoms, that its
ftalks, always procumbent when the plant grew alone, were liable to grow upright among grafs and Beo 'e. and
that in fome rich paftures the flowers approached almoft to the fize of thofe of the prefent ene Fae culti-
vated moft of our Englifh Geraniums I can with certainty declare that the molle is ftriétly an annual, and ee -
renaicum perennial, this then conftitutes an effential difference between the two, befides, the pyrenaicum vult
grows to twice the fize, its bloffoms alfo are more than thrice as large, it is never procumbent but diva "
nearly upright, and it is likewife, with us at leaft, a much fcarcer plant. y

Mons: GEnAn» in his Flora Galloprevincialis has the merit of firft giving an accurate defcription and figure of this
plant, he fuppofes it to be the Geranium columbinum perenne Byrenaicum maximum o£ TourNEFORT Sd Lin-
NJEUS has given it the name of pyrenaicum; Mr. Hupsown in the firft edition of his Flora Anglica called it perenne
but in the laft he has adopted the name of Linnus, I have hitherto found this plant growing wild in one {pot
only, viz. in the dry part of the pafturage in Batterfea Fields, on the left hand fide of the road as you pafs from
London by the Thames fide, betwixt the Red Houfe and Chelfea Bridge, ee

In Chelfea Garden it comes up as a weed and is there found alfo with white flowers.

It blows in June and July.

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MaLva ROTUNDIFOLIA. lDwanr MarrLow.

MALVA Linnaei Gen. Pi,
Cal. duplex: exterior triphyllus.

MoNADELPHIA POLYANDRIA.

Arilli plurimi, monofpermi.

Rau Syn. Gene 15. HERB SEMINE NUDO POLYSPERM E.

MALVA rotundifolia caule proftrato, foliis cordato-orbiculatis obfolete quinquelobis, pedunculis fru&ife-

ris declinatis.

Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. 5. 520.

MALVA caule repente, foliis cordato orbicularibus, obfolete quinquelobis. Haller bif. n. 1070.

MALVA rotundifolia.

MALVA fylveftris pumila. Ger. em. 930.

Scopolt Fl. Carn. n. 858.
MALVA fylveftris folio rotundo. B. pin. 314.

MALVA fylveftris minor. Park 299. Ra ym. 251. Small wild Mallow or Dwarf Mallow.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. fe 307.

Lightfoot. Flor. Scot. p. 375.

—————— —— ——————————————————————————— daÁ

RADIX annua, in terram alte defcendens, albida.

CAULES plures ex una radice, proftrati, dodrantales,
etiam pedales et ultra, teretes, pubeícentes,
extus purpurafcentes.

FOLIA alterna, petiolata, utrinque minutim pubef-
centia, fcabriufcula, fubrotundo reniformia,
quinque vel feptemloba; lobis rotundatis,
margine ferrata, fubtus fubfeptemnervia, ex-
trema fenfim majora.

PETIOLI teretes, elongati, pubefcenti-fcabri, fupra
fulcati. |

STIPULJE duz, oppofite, parviufcule, lanceolate,
acute, ciliate, pubefcentes. ,

FLORES plerumque gemini, pedunculati, axillares,
pedunculis petiolis brevioribus, filiformibus,
teretibus, pubefcentibus, fzepius inzequalibus.

CALYX: Peritanruium duplex, exterius triphyl-
lum ; foliolis lineari fubulatis, obtufis ; in-
terius campanulatum, pubefcenti ícabrum,
quinquefidum ; laciniis ovato acutis, erectis,
carinatis, margine ferratis, fubundulatis.

Jig- 1.
COROLLA alba, venis rubellis pida, PETALA

quinque, lineari cuneiformia, cbtuía, emar-
ginata, calyce paulo longiora, ere@a fubfei-
üha. fig. 2.

STAMINA: FILAMENT A. plurima, monadelpha, co-
lumna cylindrica, glabra, corolla breviore,
fuperne breviter libera. vj

ANTHER parve, fubrotundz, echinatz, undique
nutantes. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN orbiculatum, depreffum, in-
fra receptaculum corolle; Sryz1 plures,
fubulati, ere&i, vix pubefcentes, longitudine
ftaminum ; Sr16MATA fimplicia, fig. 4.

SEMINA ut in fylveftri, at minora. fig. 5.

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ROOT annual, ftriking deep into the earth, of a
whitifh colour.

STALKS feveral from one root, laying proftrate on
the ground, from nine to twelve inches in
length or more, round, downy, and moft com-
monly purplifh.

LEAVES. alternate, ftanding on footftalks, covered
on both fides with a fine down, flightly
rough, of a roundifh, kidney-fhaped form,
ufually divided into five or feven roundith
lobes, ferrated at the edge, having generally
on the under fide feven ribs, thofe fartheft
from the root gradually largeft.

LEAF-STALKS round, long, downy, with a flight
roughnefs, grooved on the upper fide.

STIPUL two, oppofite, fmallith, lanceolate, point-
ed, edged with hairs and downy.

FLOWERS generally growing in pairs, connected to
flower ftalks, which fpring from the ale
of the leaves, and which are fhorter than the
leaf-ftalks, thread íhaped, round, downy,
and for the moft part unequal.

CALYX: a double PezniANTHiUM, the outer one
compofed of three linear tapering leaves,
bluntifh at the point; the inner one bell-
fhaped, downy, with a flight roughnefs, di-
vided into five fegments, of an oval pointed
fhape, upright, keel'd, the edge ferrated and
flightly waved. fig. 1.

COROLLA white, ftriped with reddifh veins, PETALS
five, of a narrow wedge fhape, blunt, notch-
ed at the extremity, a little longer than the

| calyx, upright, nearly feffile. ffe. 2.
STAMINA: FiLAMENTS numerous, united into one
ody, the column cylindrical, fmooth, fhort-
er than the corolla, at top fhort and loofe.

ANTHER fmall, roundifh, prickly, hanging down
all around. ffe. 3.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN orbicular, flatten'd, placed
below the receptacle of the corolla; SrvrEs

numerous, tapering, upright, fcarcely downy,
thelength of theftamina; Stigma‘ A fimple.4.

SEEDS as in the fylveftris, but fmaller. fig. 5.

We meet with this fpecies of Mallow on dry Banks, alfo under Pales and Walls in great plenty, it is obvioufly

diftinguifhed from the common mallow by having a
with red.

It continues to blow from June to September.

procumbent ftalk, and {mall white flowers flightly tinged

Harrzz end Scorori defcribes the ftalk as creeping, our plant certainly does not creep.

x or MON En
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Laruvgus pRATENSIS. MkEADpow. VETCHLINOG.

LATHYRUS Lim. Gen, Pl DriApELPGIiA DECANDRIA,

Stylus planus, fupra villofus, fuperne latior,
Cal. laciniz fuperiores 2 breviores.

Raii Syn. Gen. 23 HERBJE FLORE PAPILIONACEJESEU LEGUMINOSJE. ~

LATHYRUS fratenfis pedunculis multifloris, cirrhis diphyllis fimpliciffimis: foliolis lanceolatis. Lin’

Syft. Vegetab. p. 552.

Sp. pl. p. 1033.

LATHYRUS fcapis multifloris, foliis lanceolatis, capreolis fimplicibus. Haller. hift. 436.
LATHYRUS pratenfis, Scopoli Fl. Carniol. p. 64.

LATHYRUS fylveftris luteus, foliis une Baubin. pit. 344.

LATHYRUS luteus fylveftris dumetorum. ' Baub: bif. 2. p. 304. £. 304.

LATHYRUS fylveftris flore luteo. Ger. emac. 1231. Park. 1062. Rari Syn. p. 320. "Tare-everlafting,
! common yellow baftard Vetchling.

Hudjon, FI. Angl. p. 317. ed. 2... Lzghtfoot Fl. Scot. p. 391. Oeder. Fl, Dan. ic. 527.

RADIX perennis, albida, repens. u
CAULIS. pedalis, etiam tripedalis et ultra, debilis,

cirrhis fuftentatus, angulatus, fubpilofus,
ramofus.

FOLIA bina, lanceolata, trinervia, fubtus villo-
fula.

PETIOLI trigoni, fubpilofi, longitudine ftipularum.

STIPULZE fíemifagittatz, latitudine foliorum, hamis
duobus fubinde inftru&i.

PEDUNCULI tetragoni, longi, fubo&oflon.
FLORES lutei, ere&i, racemofi, fecundi.
PEDICELLI teretes, villofi, longitudine calycis.

CALYX: PEniANTHIUM monophyllum, tubulatum,
breve, cylindraceum, fubpilofum, quinque-
dentatum, dentibus acuminatis, inferioribus
longioribus, furfum paulifper curvatis, jig. 1.

COROLLA papilionacea, «vex//um fubemarginatum,
reflexum, prope bafin fuperne foveis duabus
intus prominentibus notatum fig. 235; le
duz ; apice rotundate fig. 3; Caria longitu-
dine alarum. frg. 4.

STAMINA: FitLAMENTA diadelpha, (fimplex et no-
vemfidum, jig. 5. 6. affurgentia; AN THERE
fubrotundz, flavae.

PISTILLUM : GzawEN viride, compreflum, oblon-
gum; STYLUS erectus, fuperne latior apice
acuto; STIGMA 3 medietate ftyli ad apicem
antice villofum. fig. 7. a fculptore male ex-

reffum.

PERICAR PIUM : Legumen fefquiunciale, compreffum,
nigricans, continens Semina o€to ad duodecim,
fubrotunda.

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ROOT perennial, whitifh and creeping.

STALKS a foot high, fometimes even three feet or
more, weak, fupported by its tendrils, angular,
flightly hairy, and branched.

LEAVES growing in pairs, lanceolate, having three

ribs,.and flightly downy underneath.

LEAF-STALKS three-cornered, fomewhat hairy, the
length of the ftipulz.

STIPUL in the fhape of an half arrow, the breadth
of the leaves, fometimes having two projec-
tions behind.

FLOWER-STALKS four cornered, long, fupporting
about eight flowers.

FLOWERS yellow, upright, growing in a bunch, all
one way.

PARTIAL FLOWER-STALKS round, villous, the

| length of the calyx.

CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM of one leaf, tubular, fhort,
cylindrical, fomewhat hairy, furnifhed with
five teeth, which are long and pointed, the
lowermoft longeft, and bent a little upwards.

COROLLA papilionaceous, Standard flightly notched,
turned back, on the upper fide near the bafe
marked with two little cavities which proje&
inwards, fig. 23 Wings rounded at top fiz. 33
Keel the length of the wings jie. 4.

STAMINA: ten FILAMENTS, rifing upwards, nine
united together, and one forming a feparate
body; fig. 5. 6. AN THER X roundifh and yellow.

PISTILLUM: GznMEN green, flattened, oblong;
STYLE upright, broadeft above with a pointed
top; Sriema from the middle of the ftyle
to the top villous on the fore part, fig. 7.
badly expreffed in the engraving.

SEED-VESSEL a Pod an inch and an half long, flat-
ten'd, of a blackifh colour, containing from
eight to twelve roundifh Seeds.

THE following obfervations on this plant by the ingenious author of Effays relating to Agriculture and rural
Affairs, will not be unacceptable to fuch of our readers as are fond of Hufbandry and rural improvements ; before
I had feen his remarks, I had often thought it a plant which at leaft deferved a trial, and might, in particular

foils, be cultivated to advantage.

I remember once in particular to have feen a piece of füff toil belonging to

Lord Loughborough, at his feat near Mitcham, which produced an excellent crop of pafturage, contifüng chiefly

of this plant,and the Feftuca pratenfis.

It gxows very frequently in paftures and hedges, and flowers in. June and July.

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© ‘The common yellow vetchling, Lathyrus pratenfis, or everlaiting-tare, might likewife be on many occafiong
cultivated with profit by the farmer. It grows with great luxuriance in ftiff clayey foils, and continues to yield
annually for any length of time, a great weight of forage, which is deemed to be of the very beft quality : and

‘as it is equally fit for pafture or for hay, the farmer would have it in his power to apply it to the one or the

other of thefe ufes, at any period that might beft fuit his convenience.—It is likewife attended with this far-
ther advantage, that as it continues to grow with equal vigour in the end of fummer as in the beginning

‘ thereof, it would admit of being paftured upon in the fpring, till the middle or even the end of May, fhould

it be neceflary ; without endangering the lofs cf the crop of hay : which cannot poffibly be done with rye-grafs,

‘or any other plant ufually cultivated by the farmer, except clover; which is equally unfit for early pafture or

for hay. ‘This plant would be the more valuable to the farmer that it grows to the greateft perfection on fuch
foils as arealtogether unfit for producing fain-foin ; the only plant hitherto cultivated that feems to poffefs quali-
ties approaching to thofe of this one—It muft, however, be acknowledged, that the difficulty of procuring feeds
of this plant in abundance, muft be a very great bar to the general cultivation thereof: for although thefe ripen
very well in our climate, yet the quantity that it produces is fo inconfiderable, and the difficulty of getting them
feparated from the pod is fo great, as to make it neceffary to gather them by the hand; in which way the
quantity obtained mutt be very trifling. ‘To counterbalance this defe&, however, it may be obferved, that it is

* not only an abiding plant, which never leaves the ground where it has been once eftablifhed ; but that it alfo

increafes fo faft by its running roots, that a very few plants at firft put intoa field, would foon {pread over the
whole and ftock it fufficiently. If a {mall patch of good ground is fowed with the feeds of this plant in
rows about a foot diftant from one another, and the intervals be kept clear of weeds for that feafon, the
roots will fpread fo much as to fill up the whole patch next year; when the flalks may be cut for green fodder
or for hay. Andif that patch were dug over in the fpring following, and the roots taken out with the hand,
it would furnifh a great quantity of plants, which might be planted in fuch fields as you meant to have filled
with this, at the diftance of two or three feet a-part; which would probably there take root, and quickly
overfpread the whole field. And as there might always be a fufficient quantity of the roots left to fill again
the patch frem whence they were taken, it would be ready to furnifh a frefh fupply the next feafon, and
might thus continue to ferve as a nurfery for ever afterwards. It appears to me, that this would be the moft
likely method of propagating this plant with eafe; but I have not as yet had fufficient experience thereof to
be able either to tell precifely the expence of it, or to anfwer pofitively for the fuccefs thereof in all cafes.”

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STIPUL binz, ovato-acuminatz, ftriate.

TnairoriuM AGRARIUM. Hop Treroi

TRIFOLIUM Lin. Gen. Pl. DrapktPHIA DECANDRIA,
Flores fubcapitati, Legumen vix calyce longius, non dehifcens, deciduum,

Ra Syn. Gin. 23. HERBJE FLORE PAPILIONACEO SEU LEGUMINOSJE,

wl"

TRIFOLIUM aerarium fpicis ovalibus imbricatis: vexillis deflexis perfiftentibus, calycibus nudis, caul
erecto. Lin. Syf. Keg. b. 574. Sp. Pl. 1087, Fl. Sere. 671.

TRIFOLIUM fpicis ovatis denfiffimis, ftrepentibus, caulibus diffufis. Haller. bif. n. 363.

TRIFOLIUM agrarium. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 931.

TRIFOLIUM pratenfe luteum capitulo Lupuli vel agrarium. — Baub. pin,

TRIFOLIUM luteum minimum, Ger. emac. 1186. Raii Syn. p. 330. Hop-Trefoil.

Oeder. Fil. D. t. 558.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 328.

|
|

]
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. p. 409. ‘|

RADIX annua. ROOT annual.

CAULIS palmaris aut dodrantalis, plerumque diffu- ¥ STALK from fix to nine inches in length, generally
fus, teres, villofus, ramofus, fruticulofus, {preading, round, villous, branched, a little
fzepe rubens. . hard or fhrubby, often of a reddifh colour.

STIPULZE growing in pairs, oval, pointed, and |
ftriated. |

LEAVES of an oblong heart-fhape, generally fmooth, |
finely rib'd, the ribs ftrait, fharply fawed
about the margin.

LEAF-STALKS round, and fomewhat fhorter than _
the leaves themfelves. |

FLOWER-STALKS upright, naked, much longer
than the leaf. ftalks.

FLOWERS about forty, ftanding on very fhort foot-
ftalks, which are fcarce perceptible, laying
very clofe one over the other, and forming
largeifh heads of a roundifh fhape, which at
firít are yellow, and afterwards brown.

CALYX: a PEn1ANTHIUM very minute, membra-
nous, yellowifh, with difficulty diftinguifhed
or feparated from the corolla, having five
teeth, of which the two uppermoft are very
fhort, the three lowermoft fetaceous, hairy,
and fhorter than the corolla. fig. 1.

COROLLA twice the length of the calyx, perma-
nent; Standard nearly upright, rib'd, the
edge ferrated, the flowering being over, it
becomes encreafed in fize and turns back;
Wings clofing, fhorter than the ftandard ; Keel
very {mall, within the wings and fhorter
than them. fig. 2.

SEED-VESSEL: a Pop covered with the corolla,
membranous, containing one feed, the fides
being very thin, foon decay, and leave no-
thing but the future with its point. fig. 4.

SEMEN unicum, nitidum, fufcum five aurantiacum. SEED fingle, fhining, of a brown or orange colour.

SB» 5. fig s.
The name of Hop Trefoil has been with much propriety beftowed on this plant, as the little heads formed by the

FOLIA oblongo-cordata, plerumque nuda, nervofa,
nervis plurimis, rectis, acute ferrata,

PETIOLI teretes, folus ipfis paulo breviores.
PEDUNCULI eredi, nudi, petiolis multo longiores.

FLORES quadraginta circiter, imbricatim denfiffime
glomerati, vix manifefte pedicellati, capituli
majufculi, fubrotundi, primum lutei, demum
fuici.

CALYX: PERIANTHIUM minimum, membranaceum,
flavefcens,' a corolla egre diftinguendum, aut
feparandum, quinquedentatum, dentibus duo-
bus fuperioribus breviffimis, tribus inferiori-
bus fetaceis, pilofis, corolla brevioribus. fig. 1,

COROLLA calyce. duplo longior, perfiftens, Pexzllum
fuberectum, nervofum, margine ferratum,
pera&a florefcentia magnitudine augetur, et
deorfum fleQitur ; A/e conniventes, vexillo
breviores: Carima minima, intra alas, ufque
brevior. fig. 2. |

PERICARPIUM: LEcvMEN corolla te£&um, mem-
branaceum, monofpermum, parietibus tenu-
iffimis, cito corrumpentibus, relicta tantum
futura cum mucrone. fig. 4.

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. flowers are larger and more refembling the hop than thofe of any of the other fpecies.

We are carefully to diftinguifh it from the Trifolium procumbens, than which it is in every refpect larger, and lefs
procumbent.

It is by no means an uncommon plant in dry paftures, on the borders of fields, and in gravelly foils ; in fome
fields I have obferved it naturally to form a confiderable part of the Farmers crop, which though a fimall one was
judged to make excellent fodder. ;

It is perhapsone of thofe plants which merits the further attention of the Hufbandman.
June and July are the months in which it ufually flowers,

ScoroLI doubts, and apparently with great propriety, whether the Trifolium fpadiceum of Lxxw.&vs be a fpecies
difün& from this. | | |

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TuirorivM repens. Dorcn Crovzn
TRIFOLIUM Linnei Gen. Pl, DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA |
Flores fubcapitati. Legumen vix calyce longius, non dehifceis, deciduum.
Raii Synopf.Gem 24. HERBA FLORE PAPILIONACEO SEU LEGUMINOSJE.
"TRIFOLIUM repens capitulis umbellaribus, leguminibus tetrafpermis, caule repente. Lin, Sy/t. Vegetab.
B. 572. Sp. Pl. f. 1080. Flor. Suec. n. 665.
TRIFOLIUM caule repente ; fpicis depreflis; filiquis tetrafpermis. Haller Hif. n. 367.
TRIFOLIUM repens Scofoli. FI, Caraiol.
"TRIFOLIUM pratenfe album C. B. pin. 324.
TRIFOLIUM minus pratenfe, flore albo Ger. emac. 1185. Parkinfon. 1110. Raj. Syn. 5. 327. White-
flower'd Trefoil.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 5.324.
Lightfoct Fl. Scot. 5. 404.

RADIX perennis, fibrofa. ROOT perennial and fibrous.

CAULES plurimi, repentes, late fparfi, teretes, fim- $ STALKS numerous, creeping, fpreading wide, round,
plices, glabri, virides, feu purpurafcentes. unbranched, fmooth, green, or purplith.

STiPULZE ovato-lanceolate, venofa, venis purpuraf- 4 STIPULA® ovate and pointed Nie: the veins
centibus. —— purplith. ui

FOLIA terna, variabiha, nunc ovata, obtufa, nunc 4 LEAVES growing three together, variable as to their
obcordata, emarginata, acute ferrata, viridia, fhape, being pe E ovate and blunt
feu purpurafcentia, macula lunulata albicante fometimes inverfely heartfhaped and TN
plerumque notata. at the end, fharply fawed round the edge,
of a green or purplifh colour and having
moft commonly a whitifh mark in the center.

FLOWER-sTALKS very long, upright and ftriated.

FLOWERS generally white. but fometimes purplith,
growing in a cluiter, the young ones upright,
the old ones hanging down and becoming

he brown.

CAPITULA majufcula, prafertim in cultà platita, y HEADS large, efpecially in the cultivated plant, and
{pheerica. of a round fhape.

4
4
4
4
4
4
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4
4
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X
:
PEDUNCULI longiffimi, eredti, ftriati. i
Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

1

:

CALYX: PEnrAN THIUM monophyllum, quinqueden- ji CALYX: a PEnrANTHIUM of one leaf, having ten

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FLORES plerumque albi, purpurafcentes étiam oc-
currunt, glomerati, junioribus erectis, ma-
turis deflexis, fufcis.

tatum, feepius coloratum, ftriis decem eleva- teeth, generally coloured, marked with ten
tis notatum, dentibus fetaceis, duobus fupe- ribs, the teeth briftle-fhaped, the two up-
| rioribus paulo longioribus. ffe. 1. permoft fomewhat the longeft. fig. 1.
COROLLA papilionacea, calyce duplo longior; VEx- 4 COROLLA papilionaceous, twice the length of the
ILLUM oblongum, fubemarginatum, reflexum, calyx; Stanparp oblong, flightly notched
Jig. 2. Atm duz, vexilo multo breviores ; at the extremity, and turning back; fig. a.
jig. 3. Carina breviffima, bafi bifida. fig. 4. W inGs two, much fhorter than the ftandard ;
fig. 3. KEEr very fhort, divided at the bafe.

Sik 4.

STAMINA: ten FriLAMENTSs, one fingle, the reft
united into one body; fig. 5.6. ANTHERE
fmall, and yellow.

PISTILLUM : Germen oblong, roundifh; STrvrg
tapering, the length of the germen ; Sr1c-

| MA yellowifh, forming a little head. fig. 7.

SEED-VESSEL: an oblong, round, jointed pod, jig. 85

terminating in a point and containing

SEEDS from two to four. fig. 9.

STAMINA: FirAwENTA diadelpha, fimplex et novem-
fidum ; fig. 5.6. ANTHER# parve, lutez.

PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, teretiufeulum ;
SrTvLus fubulatus, longitudine germinis ;
STIGMA flavefcens, capitatum. jig. 7.

PERICARPIUM: Lecumen oblongum, teres, mu-

| cronatum, torulofum. fig. 8. continens

SEMINA duo ad quatuor. jig. 9.

THE creeping or Dutch Clover may be confidered as one of our moft valuable Britifh plants, the greateft part
of the feed ufed in this country is imported from Holland, where it is cultivated on account of its feed, and hence
it has acquired the name of Dutch Clover, as it isa plant which grows naturally wild in this country, on dry,
gravelly, and indifferent foils, it is probable it might alfo be cultivated for the fame purpofe in many parts of
Great Britain, where land and labour are cheap, and that to great advantage.

The quantity of Seed fold annually in this country is aftonifhingly great, Meffrs. Gordon and Dermer who do
not particularly deal in this article fell every year forty or fifty tons weight of it.

Thofe plants which have creeping roots or ftalks have the advantage of moft others in point of growth, and
when a plant of this kind growing naturally in a barren foil, comes to have the advantage of cultivation, it
flourifhes amazingly, fo does the Dutch Clover, a fingle feedling of which I have known in a garden to cover
more ground than a yard íquàre, in one fummer.

Although this plant does not grow fo tallas fome others, yet the vaft number of ftalks, leaves, and blof-
foms which it throws out produces a great bottom in a pafture, and thereby ftamp a particular value on it.

It is not a plant however which makes any great figure in the fpring, but its chief excellence confifts in its
producing herbage in dry fummers, late in the feafon, when moft of the graffes are burnt up, ir then covers the
fields with a beautiful verdure, and affords plenty of food to the Cattle, or hay for a fecond crop.

There is an idea very prevalent among farmers, that afhes alone fpread on land will produce this plant in
abundance, they do not know, or will not believe, that the plant previoufly exifted in the ground, and is only
render'd larger and more confpicuous by the manure. |

Of the Trifolium repens Y have obferved two remarkable varieties, viz. one with leaves of a deep purple colour,
cultivated in gardens as an ornamental plant, the other proliferous, having fmall heads of leaves growing out
of the flowers, this I found feveral years ago on the left-hand fide of the canal, leading from Limehoufe to
Bromley, there are likewile feveral other varieties, which depend on the richnefs and poverty of foil.

\-

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iy .

cy. cipipilis duplo
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UP

GLE

Menpicaco ARABICA. Heart toon COLAVER.

MEDICAGO Lm. Gen. Pl. DiàpgLPHiA DEcANDRiA: Legumen compteffum, cochleatum,; Carina
; corollz a vexillo deflectens.
Rai Syn. Gen. 23, HERB FLORE PAPILIONAGEO $EU LEGUMINOS JE.
MEDICAGO polymorpha leguminibus cochleatis, ftipulis dentatis caule diffufo. Lin. Syfl. Fegetab. p.
577. Sp. pl 1097. )
MEDICA foliis emarginatis, ferratis, racemis paucifloris, filiquis globofis echinatis. Hal/er; bifl. n.
383.
MEDICAGO polymorbba. Scopoli FI. Carn. n. 942.
TRIFOLIUM cochleatum folio cordato maculato. Bauhin. pin. 329.

TRIFOLIUM cordatum Ger. emac. 1190. Park. 1115. Rait Sym. 333. Heart Trefoil or Claver.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 331:

RADIX annua, fibrofa.
CAULES plures, pedales, et ultra, procumbentes, an-

gulati, ftriati, purpurafcentes, pilofi, ramofi.

ROOT annual and fibrous.
STALKS numerous, about a foot

in length, or more,

procumbent, angular, ftriated, purplifh, hai-
ry, and branched

LEAVES growing three together, inverfely }

FOLIA terna, obcordata, mucronata, obfolete ferrata,

2 : 1eart-fha-
levia, macula purpurea in medio notata.

ped, terminated by a fhort point, faintly
fawed, fmooth, with a purple fpot in the
middle of each

4

LEAF-STALKS above grooved and hairy.
STIPULZE two, the fhape of halfan arrow, and ferrated.
FLOWERS growing generally two together, ftanding
on footítalks which are round, hairy, and
fhorter than the footftalks; Brace very
Ímall, at the bafe of each flower-ftalk, and
a hairy feta or briftle betwixt the flowers
of the fame length with the flowers.
CALYX: a Pertanrurum of one leaf, tubular, fome-

what bell-fhaped, hairy, divided half way

PETIOLI fuperne canaliculati, pilofi.

STIFULZE binz, femifagittate, ferrate.

FLORES plerumque bini, pedicellati, pedunculis tere-
tibus, pilofis, petiolis brevioribus; Bracva
minima, ad bafin cujufvis pedicelli, et feta
pilofa inter flofculos longitudine florum.

1
Y
¥
¥
Y
Y
Y
i
Y
Y
H
H
i
Y
M
1
Y
H
Y
Y
f
CALYX: Pertantuium monophyllum, tubulofum, Y
fubcampanulatum, pilofum, femiquinque- 3
fidum, laciniis acuminatis, fubzqualibus, $ down in five fegments, which are pointed
URNA NN ES i nearly equal and purplith. fig: 1.
COROLLA papilionacea, flava; Vexillum fubrotun- $ COROLLA papilionaceous, and yellow; Standard
dum, emarginatum, reflexum, lineis fa- ; roundifh, notched at the end, and turning
bte que sadbatin notatum. fig. 2. Ale i back, marked at its bafe with lines of a
duz, parva, vexillo breviores, crocez, ¥ deeper yellow colour. fig 2. Vings two, {mall
apice paulo fecedentes. Carina conca- i fhorter than the ftandard, faffron coloured,
va, obtuta, alis paulo longior. Y feparating a little from one another at the
y tips. Keel hollow, blunt, a little longer
i than the wings. fa. 5
* STAMINA: FILAMENTS uniting into two bodies al-
: moftto the tips, tube bending upward; Aw-
M THERA very minute and yellow. fg, pie
i PISTILLUM : Germen green, oblong, below where
i the ftyle. begins notched, foon {pirally
i twifting itíelf, and from its upper part
: throwing out little fpines; STvrE ta-
M penng, upright; Stigma terminal,
: , and very minute. Ji M CERT
y SEED-VESSEL: a Pod of a roundiíh cylindrical fhape,
: cut off at each end, fpinous, and {pi-
rally twifted up. fe. ^.

c

SEED rather large, kidney-thaped, dud yellowith. fis. 8.

STAMINA: FiraMENTA diadelpha, coalita fere ad
apices, tubus furfum curvatus ; AN THERJE
minime, flava. fig .3. 4. |

PISTILLUM: Germen viride, oblongum, fubtus ubi

ftylus incipit emarginatum, cito fefe {pi-
raliter contorquens, et fuperne fpinulas
agens; STYLUS fubulatus, erectus;
STIGMA terminale, minimum. fig .5 .6.

PERICARPIUM : Legumen fubrotundo-cylindraceum,
utrinque truncatum, íÍpinulofum,

| {piraliter contortum — fig. 7.
SEMEN majufculum, reniforme, flavefcens, fig. 8.

The plant here figured is intended to reprefent the Trifolium cochleatum folio cordato maculata
Rav and the Medicago polymorpha var. arabica of LiNN &vs ; how far it is in i
and fome other authors are juftified in making fo many varieties of one fpecies *
viding one genus into fo many fpecies efpecially MoNsrEguR GERARD
this plant and this only of the prefent tribe as far as I have hitherto
London; future obfervation added to culture may perhaps enable me h
fubje&.

The prefent plant is fubje& to confiderable variation in fize as alfo with refpe& to the brightnefs of the
fpots on 1ts leaves.

It flowers in May and June.

On the edges of Charlton Sand-pits it
ders offieldsin a variety of other places.

When it grows luxuriantly one is tempted to fuppofe that it wou'd afford good fodder for cattle, it feems at
leaft to deferve a trial.

of BaunIneE and
tfelf a variety, how far LiNN us
, or how far others are right in di-
, it would ill become me to determine,
{een is common in the neighbourhood of
ereafter to fpeak more decidedly on the

grows in very great plenty and is not uncommon on banks and the bor-

. H 7 . . . Z5 . B P" kx A ‘ ác.
_® Asthe orbicularis, feutellata, tornata, turbinata, intertexta, arabica, coronata, ciliaris, birfuta, rigidula, minima, muricata, nisra, laciniata.
| Linnai Syft. Fegetab. p.-578.

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77 OJ"TMHINTMPD.

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HYPERICUM ANDROS&MuUM. TUTSAN.

HYPERICUM Lin, Gen. P]. Pony ApELPHIA PoLYANDRIA
Cal. 5. partitus, Petala 5. Filamenta multa, in 5 phalanges bafi connata, Capfula.

Rau Syn. Gen, 24. HERB PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFERA,

HYPERICUM Androfeemum floribus trigynis, fructibus baccatis, caule fruticofo ancipiti, Lin. Sy/t.

Vegetab. p. 583. Sp. Pl. p. 1102.

ANDROSZEMUM maximum frutefcens.
ANDROS/EMUM vulgare. Park, 575.
CLYMENUM Italorum. Ger. emac. 548.

B. Pin. 280,

HYPERICUM maximum Androfemum vulgare dittum. Raii Syn. ‘Tutfan or Park-leaves.

Hudfon Ft. Angl. ed. 2. p. 332.
Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 415.

RADIX perennis, craffa, lignofa, rubens, fibras lon-
iffimas emittens.

CAULES fuffruticofi, ancipites, bipedales et ultra, ra-
mofi, rubentes, glabri.

FOLIA oppofita, feffilia, ovata, integerrima, lzvia,
inferne pallidiora, venis plurimis parum ex-
tantibus reticulata, per aetatem rubicunda, in-
ferioribus plerumque minoribus.

FLORES flavi, pro ratione plantz parvi, in Cyma varié
divifa difpofiti.

CALYX: PrniaNTHIUM quinquepartitum, laciniis
ovatis, obtufis, fubnervofis, 1nzequalibus, erec-
tis, demum reflexis.

COROLLA: PETALA quinque, ovata, obtufa, fub-
equalia, calyce paulo longiora, patentia, con-
caviuscula, apicibus paululum inflexis, deci-
dua

STAMINA: FriLAMENTA plurima, ultra quadraginta,
corolla longiora; ANTHER#® parve, fubro-
tundaz.

PISTILLUM: Germewn fubrotundum, nitidum, fla-
vefcens; STYLI tres, longitudine germinis,
ere&i; STIGMATA parva, rotundata.

PERICARPIUM : CarsurA ovato-rotundata, primo
baccaformis, e flavo virefcens, dein ruberri-
ma, demum nigricans, exfucca, trilocularis,
feminibus plurimis minimis referta

1
Y
M
Y
Y
i
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
M
1
Y
4
4
Y
M
Y
Y
M
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M
M
M
H
Y
1
Y
HM
M
H
Y
M
M
Y
Y
Y
Y
H
t
H
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Tox,

ROOT perennial, thick, woody, of a reddifh colour,
fending out very long fibres.

STALKS fomewhat fhrubby, flightly winged, two feet
high and upward, branched, of a reddifh co-

. lour and fmooth.

LEAVES oppofite, feffile, ovate, entire, {mooth, paler
on the under fide, reticulated with numerous
veins which proje& but little, becoming through
age of a reddifh or purple colour, the lower-
moft generally the leaft.

FLOWERS of a yellowifh colour, fmall for the fize of
the plant, difpofed in a Cyma vaiioufly di-
vided. .

CALYX: a Perianruium deeply divided into five
fegments, which are ovate, obtufe, fomewhat
rib'd, unequal, upright, finally turned back.

COROLLA: five PET ALS, ovate, obtufe, nearly equal,
a little longer than the calyx, fpreading, fome-
what hollow, the tips bending a little inward,
deciduous.

STAMINA: FiLAMEN Ts numerous, more than forty,
longer than the corolla; Aw THER {mall and
roundifh

PISTILLUM : Geren roundifh, fhining, yellowifh ;
STYLEs three, the length of the germen,
upright; SriGMATA, {mall and roundifh.

SEED-VESSEL; a CaPsuLE of a roundifh egg-fhape,
at firft affuming the appearance of a berry of
a yellowifh green colour, afterwards of a
bright red colour, laftly blackifh, having three
caries which are filled with numerous {mall

eeds,

The French call this plant Toute faine, Allheal, (vide Tourn. Hit. des PL) whence as PARKINSON obferves, we
have evidently borrowed our Englifh name of 727/22. They appear to have been equally fond of attributing vul-
nerary qualities to plants as our countryman Gerarp, but perhaps on no better grounds, the Tutfan and the AJ
heal being now equally negle&ed. Its other name of Park-leaves, by which it is lefs frequently called, it has
doubtlefs acquired from being commonly found in Parks.

We may remark of the Androfemum, that neither Hatter, Linnaus, Jacauin, ScoroLr, or CEpER enume-

rate it 1n their refpective Flora's.

In many parts of England it is by no means an uncommon plant; it is chiefly found in or near Woods.

About London all our Hypericums abound more than this,

the Oak of Honour Wood, near Peckham Rye,

adjoining Norwood.

which I have met with in one wood only, viz.
It flowers in July and Auguft, and ripens its

feed-veffels, which have much the appearance of berries in September,

It is not uncommon in Gardens,

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Hypericum umsuruUM. Harry Sr. Joun; Wonr.

HYPERICUM Lin Gen. Pl. Pony ApELPHIA POLYANDRIA,
Cal. s, partitus, Petala 5, Filamenta multa, in $ phalanges bafi connata.
Capfula.

Raii Sys. HERBE PENTAPETALJ VASCULIFER.

- HYPERICUM hirfutum foribus trigynis, calycibus ferrato-glandulofis, caule tereti erecto, foliis ovatis
fubpubefcentibus. Lin. Sy. Pegetab. Sp. Pl. 1105. FI. Suec. n. 682.

HYPERICUM foliis ovatis, per oram punctatis, calycibus lanceolatis, ferratis, globuligeris, Haller. bif.
n. 1042.

HYPERICUM hbirfutum Scopoli Fl. Carniol. p. 92. n» 945.

ANDROS/EMUM birfutum, Baubin. pim 280.

HYPERICUM Androfzmum di&um. Baub. bi. III. 382.

ANDROSAEMUM alterum hirfutum. Col. ecpbr. 1. p. 75. t. 74.

ANDROSZEMUM Afcyron di&um, caule rotundo hirfuto, Moris. hif. a. p. 971. f. 5. t. 6. É. 11.

HYPERICUM villofum ere&um, caule rotundo. Vourzefort. Inft. 235. Raii Syn. 'Tutàn St. Joha's Wort,
Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 333. Lightfoot FI. Scot. p. 419.

* ROOT perennial, fibrous, the fibres brown, rigid, and
: fomewhat woody.
Y STALK a foot and a half to three feet high, upright,
i fohd, reddifh, round, hairy, or downy, ge-
¢ nerally fimple, but fometimes branched,
i though much lefs fo than the common Saint
d . John's Wort.
¥ LEAVES alternately oppofite, oblong, obtufe, feflile,
i hoary on each fide, the edge finely ciliated,
Y marked with feven ribs, and very minute
t tranfparent dots fpread all over its furface.
: BRANCHES: rudiments of branches confifüng of four
Y leaves forming a crofs are generally obíerved
: in the ale of the leaves, thefe however are
$ fometimes wanting, and fometimes are drawn
¥ out into branches.
FLORES flavi, terminales, in panicula, oblonga, fub- H FLOWERS yellow, terminal, in an oblong panicle
{picata. Y forming a kind of fpike.: |

CALYX: PERIANTHIUM quinquepartitum ;. laciniis i CALYX: a PERIANTHIUM divided into five fegments ;

Y

Y

M

Y

M

M

Y

t

M

Y

Y

Y

t

Y

i

Y

Y

M

M

M

Y

Y

Y

t

Y

t1

RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris fufcis, rigidis, fublig-

nofis.

CAULIS fefquipedalis, ad tripedalem, erectus, folidus,
rubicundus, teres, pubefcens, plerumque
fimplex, ramofus etiam occurrit, rarius vero
quam in hyperico perforato.

FOLIA alterne oppofita, oblonga, obtufa, feffilia, utrin-
que villofula, margine minutim ciliata, fep-
temnervia, punctis diaphanis minutiffimis
per totam fuperficiem adfperfa.

RAMI: rudimenta rami conftantes foliolis quatuor. de-
cuffatis in axillis foliorum fzepius obfervantur,
hzc vero aliquando omnino defunt, et non-
nunquam in ramcs producuntur.

lanceolatis, bifulcis, margine glandulofis, fo- which are lanceolate, with two grooves, and
liola etiam et gemm*e calyci fubje&a glan- glandular on the edge, the {mall leaves and
dulis nigris pedicellatis ornantur. jig. 1. buds below the calyx are alfo ornamented with
. black glands placed on footftalks. jig. 1.
COROLLA: five PETALSs of a yellow colour and ob-

COROLLA: PETALA quinque, flava, oblongo-ovata,
long oval fhape, blunt, fpreading and ftriated.

obtuía, patentia, ftriata. fig. 2.

! SUPE
STAMINA: from twenty to thirty FiLAMENTS ob-
{curely divided into three bundles or fafciculi,
very fine, ftrait, yellow and fhorter than the
Corolla; Antherz roundifh, double, yellow.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA viginti, ad triginta, in tres
phalanges obfcure divifa, capillaria, recta, fla-
va, corolla breviora; ANTHER# fubrotundz,

didymz, flava. fig. 3.

Jf&- 3.

PISTILLUM: GERMEN roundifh: SrvrEs three,
fimple, fpreading, the length of the ftamina,
STIGMATA fimple. fig. 4.

SEED-VESSEL an oblong capfule of three cavities and
three valves. fig. 5.6,

SEEDS numerous and very minute. fig. 7.

PISTILLUM : Germen fubrotundum. STYLI tres,
fimplices, diftantes, longitudine ftaminum ;
STIGMATA fimplicia. fig. 4. _ i |

PERICARPIUM: Caf/ula oblonga, trilocularis, tri-
valvis. fig. 5. 6.

SEMINA plurima, minima. jig. 7.

The more antient Botanifts paying but little regard to the nicety of diftinction, overlooked this fpecies of
Hypericum; CoLuMNA poflefng greater difcernment than his predeceffors appears firft to have figured and de-
fcribed it ; by fuperficial obfervers it may eafily be miftaken for the common St. John’s Wort, but differs
from itin being a taller plant, having a ftalk perfe&ly round and hoary, and the edges of the calyx befet with
black glands, it is alfo more Pe to grow in woods and coppices, though it is frequently met with in hedges.

ers in July and Auguft.

k ie vleatifully in à £d juft beyond Dulwich College, alío about the Oak of Honour Wood near Peck-

ham, and moft of the Woods near Town.

TA
Ayporium
es

2 Map s

162

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LivPERICUM HUMIFUSUM. TRAILING Sr. JOHN's WORT.
|

HYPERICUM Z;ne;:. Gen. Pl. Poty 4ApEtLPHIA PoLyANDRIA. j

Cal. 5. partitus. Petala 5, Filamenta multa, in 5. phalanges bafi connata.

| Capfula. :
Rau. Syn. Gen. 24 HERBE PENTAPETALJE VASCULIFERJE. f
HYPERICUM humifufum foribus trigynis axillaribus, folitariis, caulibus ancipitibus proftratis fili- |
formibus, folis glabris. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 332. Sp. Pl. 110 5. Fl. Suecic. 681. |

HYPERICUM caule proftrato, folis ovatis, calycibus ferratis punétatis. Haller. bift. b. 5. ts 1039. |
HYPERICUM minus fupinum vel fupinum glabrum, C. Baub. pin. 279. | |
HYPERICUM minus fupinum. Park. 572. |
HYPERICUM fupinum glabrum. Ger. emac. 541. Raii. Syn. p. 342. the leaft trailing St. Johns Wort. :

Hudfon. Fl Angl. ed. 2. p. 332. |

Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. 5. 418. |

]
,
1
4
1

|

i)

RADIX perennis, lutefcens, fibrofa.
CAULES plures ex eadem radice, fpithamzi, procum- |

bentes, teretes, vix manifefte ancipites, lzeves,
rubentes, fummitate ramofi.

STALKS feveral from the fame root, about half a foot
in length, procumbent, round, fcarce percep-
tibly two edged, fmooth, of a reddifh colour:
and branched at top. 1
LEAVES oppofite, oblong, oval, obtufe, fmooth, en-
tire, dotted on the edge with black. j
CALYX a PrEniANTHIUM divided into five fegments, |
which are large, unequal, oval, oblong, the
edge turned back and fawed as it were with
black glands, terminating in a red point. f. i
COROLLA : five oblong yellow Perats, blunt at the!
end, a little longer than the calyx, and dotted
on the edge with glands. fig. 2. J
STAMINA: FizAMENTs feldom more than twenty,
diftin&ly divided into three bodies ; ANTHER xl
very {mall and yellow. fig. 3.
PISTILLUM: GERMEN roundifh ; SrvrEs three, find
ple, fpreading, the length of the flamina!
STIGMATA fimple. fig. 4. |
SEED-V ESSEL an oblong oval Capfule, membranous,
of three cavities, of a very bright red colour
before it is ripe. |
SEEDS numerous and very minute.

ROOT perennial, of a yellowifh colour and fibrous. |

T
:
j
!

FOLIA oppofita, oblongo ovata, obtufa, glabra, inte-
gerrima, margine punctis nigris notata. ——

CALYX: PrniawTHIUM quinquepartitum, lacinus
magnis, inzequalibus, ovato oblongis, margine
reflexis et glandulis ferrato punctatis, mucrone
rufo terminatis. fig. 1.

COROLLA: PETALA quinque, oblonga, flava, obtufa,
calyce paulo longiora, margine glandulis
punéata. fig. 2. :

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA raro ultra viginti, in tres
phalanges diftin&e divifa; AN THERE mini-
mz, flavae. fig. 3.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN fubrotundum, Srvrr tres,
fimplices, diftantes, longitudine ftaminum;
STIGMATA fimplicia. fiz. 4.

PERICARPIUM : CarsurLA oblongo ovata, membra-
nacea, trilocularis, immatura ruberrima.

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SEMINA plurima, minima.

'Turs is the leaft of all our Hyfericums, but fcarcely inferior to any of them in beauty and delicacy.

It grows frequent enough, in gravelly paftures, in fields that have long lain fallow, and likewife on heaths,
efpecially where the foil is moift and clayey.

It flowers in June, July, and Auguft.

ScororLr without any good grounds, fufpe&s it to be a monftrous vareity of the Hypericum perforatum, from
which it differs almoft as much as it is poffible for one fpecies to differ from another.

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PICRIS Linngi. Gen. Pl SvwGENESIA,.POLYGAMIA HQUALIS.

Recept. nudum. Ca^ calyculatus, Pappus plumofus. Sem. traníverfim fulcata.

Rai Syn. Gen. 6. HERB# FLORE COMPOSITO; NATURA PLENO LACTESCENTES,

PICRIS ecbioides perianthiis exterioribus pentaphyllis, interioribus ariftato majoribus. Linnei, $yfl.

Vegetab. b. $93. Spec. Plant. 1114.
HIERACIUM echioides capitulis cardui benedic.
BUGLOSSUM luteum. Gerard. emac. 798.

Baubin. Pin. 128.

LINGUA BOVIS. Parkinfon, 800. Ram Syn. p. 196, Lang de boeuf.
i Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 5. 342.

RADIX annua, ramofa.

CAULIS bi aut tripedalis, ramofiffimus, ramis divari-
catis, erectus, rubens, ftriatus, fpinofus, fpi-
nis plurimis, horizontalibus, apice hamatis.

FOLIA amplexicaulia, oblonga, acuta, tuberculofa,
Ípinofa.

PEDUNCULI fulcati, verfus apicem fenfim incraffati.

CALYX communis duplex, exterior maximus, penta-
phyllus, Involucro fimilis, foliolis. cordatis,
{pinofis, interior imbricatus, {quamee exterio-
res paucz, minimze, inzquales, interiores e-
rete, equales, ariftate, fig. 1, 2, carinate,
carina cum ariftà hifpidis, fetze inferiores un-
culis quatuor apice inftructis, fig. 3, fuperio-
res {pinofe, fimplices, longiores.

COROLLA compofita, Corollule hermaphrodite, tu-
bulofz, flave; Tubus tenuis, pilofus, fir. 4,
albidus; Limbus quinquedentatus, dentibus
inzequalibus.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, capillaria, bre-
vifima: ANTHERJE in tubum tenuem, flavum,
coalitee.

PISTILLUM: Germen oblongum, leve, album:
SrvrLvs fihformis, antheris longior: Srtic-
MATA duo, reflexa.

SEMEN oblongum, rufum, tranfverfm minutiffime
ftriatum.

PAPPUS ftipitatus, pilofus, jig. 5-

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ROOT annual, and branched.

STALK two or three feet high, very much branched,
(the branches divaricating,) upright, of a red-
difh purple colour, ftriated, and fpinous, the
fpines numerous, horizontal, and hooked at

| the extremity.

LEAVES embracing the ftalk, oblong, pointed, co-

vered with tubercles and fpines.

FLOWER-STALKS grooved, and gradually enlarged

towards the extremity.

CALYX common. to many florets, and double; the
exterior one large, and compofed of five heart-
fhaped prickly leaves, which refemble an In-
volucrum ; the inner one imbricated; the
outermoft fcales few, fmall, and uneven; the
innermoft upright, equal, terminating with
an arifta, fig. 1, 2, keeled, the keel toge-
ther with the arifta hifpid, the little {pines
on the lower part terminating in four {mall
hooks, jig. 3, thofe on the upper part fimple -

and longer.

COROLLA compound; the Florets hermaphrodite,
and yellow ; the Tube flender, hairy, fic. 4,
and whitifh ; the Limb terminated by five un-
equal teeth.

STAMINA: five Firaments, very fine and fhort:
ANTHER united in a flender, yellow tube.

PISTILLUM: Germen oblong, fmooth, and white .
STYLE thread-fhaped, and longer than the
antherz : STIGMATA two, turning back.

SEED oblong, of a reddith orange colour, very finely
ftriated tranfverfely.

DOWN ftanding on a foot-ftalk, and hairy, fig. s.

THE only ufe to which we find this fingular plant to have been applied, is as a pot-herb. Rai. Hf. $. 233.

to which purpofe its appearance is certainly no recommendation.

It grows not unfrequently on banks, on the edges of fields, and in woods that have been cut down; and flowers

in June and July.

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' HyPOCHUERIS RADICATA. LONG-ROOTED

LAWKWEED.

HLYPOCHERIS Linx. Gen. Pl. Sync. PoLYGAMIA mQUALIS. Recept. paleaceum. Cal. fubimbricatus.

Pappus plumofus.

Rai Syn. Gen. 6. HERBZ FLORE COMPOSITO NATURA PLENO LACTESCENTES.

HYPOCHZERIS radicata folis runcinatis obtufis fcabris, caule ramofo nudo levi, pedunculis Íqua-

mofis. Lin, Sp. Pl. p. 1140.

Fl, Suecic. ". 709.

HYPOCH ARIS folis femipinnatis hirfutis, caule nudo, brachiato. Haller. Hift. p. 3. m 3.

ACHYROPHORUS radicatus. Scopo/i. FI. Carn. s. 997.

HIERACIUM Dentis leonis folio obtufo majus. Bauhin. pin. 127.

HIERACIUM longius radicatum. Lob. ic. 238. Gerard. emac. 298. Parkinfon. 790. Rai. Sym. long

rooted Hawk weed.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2.

Oeder. FI. Dam ic. 150.
Lightfoot Fl. Scat. p. 443.

RADIX perennis, craffitie digiti minimi, alte in terram
defcendens, albida, plerumque fimplex, lac-
teícens.

FOLIA radicalia, fupra terram expanfa, planiufcula,

oblonga, obtufa, finuato-dentata, dentibus
fubobtufis, hirfuta, pilis fimplicibus, erectis,
e punctis prominulis prodeuntibus, caulina
nulla.

CAULES fepe plures ex eadem radice, pedales aut
bipedales, fubereéti, nudi, fquamis folum bre-
vibus, ovato-acutis, ciliatis, ad exortum ra-
morum inftructi, glaberrimi, glauci, fubftriati,
tenaces, folidi, ramofi.

PEDUNCULI longi, fquamis paucis obfiti, verfus
apicem. paululum incraffati.

CALYX communis imbricatus, fquamis ovatis, acu-
tis, glabris, apice rufis, carina ciliata pilis

rigidulis. jig. 1.
COROLLA Comfpofita, imbricata; Corollulis herma-

phroditis, zqualibus, numerofis, Propria mo-
nopetala, ligulata, truncata, quinque-dentata,

tubo apice pilofo. fig. 2. 3.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque, capillaria; Aw.
THERA in tubum coalite, flave.
PISTILLUM : Germen ovatum ; Srvrvs filiformis,

longitudine Staminum ; $Zzgmata duo, reflexa.

SEMEN oblongum, rufum, ftriatum. fig. 5,
PAPPUS füpitatus, plumofus. |
RECEPTACULUM paleaceum, palez longze, nitide,

membranacez, concava. jig. 4.

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ROOT perennial, the thicknefs of the little finger,
running deeply into the earth, generally fim-
ple, of a whitifh colour, and milky within.

LEAVES next the root expanded on the ground, flat-
tifh, oblong, obtufe, finuated and toothed
(the teeth bluntifh,) hirfute, the hairs fimple,
upright, and proceeding from little promi-
nent points; ftalk leaves none.

STALKS often feveral from the fame root, one or two
feet high, nearly upright, naked, inftead of
leaves having only fhort, oval, pointed fcales,
edged with hairs at the fitting on of the bran-
ches, very {mooth, glaucous, fomewhat ftri-
ated, tough, folid, and branched.

FLOWER-STALKS long, befet with a few fcales,
towards the top a little thickend.

CALYX common to many florets, compofed of fcales
which are of an oval fhape, pointed, fmooth,
reddifh at top, the keel edged with ftiffifh
hairs. fig. 1.

COROLLA Compound, the florets laying one over
another, hermaphrodite Florets equal and
numerous ; cach Floret monopetalous, tubular
at bottom and fpreading at top, cut off at the -
extremity and terminating in five teeth, the
tube hairy at top. fig. 2. 3.

STAMINA: five FILAMENTS, very fine; ANTHERA

! uniting in a tube, of a yellow colour. |

PISTILLUM : Germen oval; Sryze thread-fhaped,
the length of the Stamina; SriGMATA two,
turning back.

SEED oblong, reddifh and finely grooved. fig. 5.

DOWN ftanding on a foot-ftalk and feathery.

RECEPTACLE chaffy, chaff long, fhining, membra-
nous, and hollow. fe. 4.

THIS. fpecies of Hypocheris receives its name of radicata from the length ofits root, by which it is parti-
cularly diftinguifhed from the Leontodon autumnale L1NN: or Hieracium radice fuccifa of BAUHIN, in its fructi-
fication it agrees with the Hypocheris glabra already figured, fize excepted, the fame membranous Pale
fo obfervable in that plant ferve equally to chara&erize the genus in this fpecies, which is altogether as com-

mon with us as the other is fcarce.

It grows on dry Banks, alfo on Heaths, in Meadows and Paftures, and in the early part of the Summer
its blofloms render it a very confpicuous plant in thofe fituations.

In barren foils particularly on Heaths itis much fmaller than the plant here figured, but its hairinefs and
the fize of its blofloms will always prevent its being miftaken for the Hypocheris glabra.

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HvrocuzRi GLABRA. SMALL-FLOWERED Hawkween.

HYPOCHJERIS Linnazi Gem Pi. S¥NGENESIA POLYGAMIA HQUALIS.
Receptaculum paleaceum. Cal. fübimbricátus. Paus plumofus.

Raii Sym Gen. 6. HERBH FLORE COMPOSITO NATURA PLENO LACTESCENTES,

HYPOCHARIS glabra, calycibus oblongis imbricatis, caule ramofo nudo, foliis dentato-finuatis,
Linn. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 601. Sp. Pl. ps 1140,

HYPOCHARIS folis glabris femipinnatis. Haller. Catal. Plant. Gotting. b. 421+ Hifl. Plant. addend
| ad tom. 1. v. 3» p. 190.

HIERACIUM minus dentis leonis folio oblongo glabro. Bauhin. pin. 127.

HYPOCHJERIS chondrillo folio, parvo flore. Vasllant. aci. 1721. f. 214;

HIERACIUM parvum in arenofis nafcens, feminum pappis denfe radiatis. Rav. Syn, 166.

HIERACIUM minimum. Col. ecpb. I. 27. ic.

Hud[on. Fl. Angl. p. 303. ed. 2. f» 347

Oeder. FI. Dan. Ic. 424.

Lightfoot. Fl. Scots f. 442.

ROOT annual, about the thicknefs of a crow quill,
tapering, furnifhed with few fibres, of a pale
brown colour.

LEAVES of the root numerous, fpread on the ground,
about the length of the little finger, and of the
fame breadtb, finuated, or deeply indented,
a little broadeft at top, fmooth, but not per-
fe&tly fo, the edges particularly, being thinly
befet with {tiffith hairs ; thofe on the flalt few,
and very minute.

STALKS ufually feveral, about feven inches high,
nearly upright, divided into two or three
branches, round, almoft naked, and of a
glaucous colour. |

FLOWER-STALKS ícaly, a little thickened under

|» the flower.

FLOWERS very fmal/, and yellow.

CALYX common to many flowers, at firft cylindrical,
when the flowering is over, becoming of an
oblong conical fhape, and /arge; the /cales
Ímooth, placed one over another, of an oval

RADIX annua, craffitie penne coracis, fufiformis, :
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paucis fibrillis inftru&ta, pallide fufca.

FOLIA radicalia plurima, füpra terram expanfa, longi-
tudine minimi digiti, et ejufdem circiter lati-
tudinis, finuato-dentata, ad apicem paulo la-
tiora, glabriufcula, margine przfertim pilis
hifpidulis ciliata, lactefcentia ; caulina pauca,
minima.

CAULES plerumque plures, fpithamai, fuberecti, in
duos vel tres ramos divifi, glauci, teretes,

fubnudi.
PEDUNCULI fquamofi, fub floribus paululum in-

craffati.

FLORES minimi, lutei.

CALYX communis, primum cylindraceus, peractà
florefcentià oblongo conicus, magnus ; fquamze
leves, imbricatim pofite, ovato-lanceolate,
inzquales, apicibus rubris.

COROLLA compofita, imbricata, uniformis ; corollulis
hermaphroditis, zequalibus, numerofis; pro-
pia monopetala, tubus infundibuliformis, apice
hifpidulus, fig. 5 5 limbus planus, quinqueden-
tatus, fig. 2.

COROLLA compound, the florets placed one over the
other, of an uniform fhape, hermaphrodite,
equal, and numerous; each floret monopeta-
lous; the tube funnel-fhaped, with a few
Siififo hairs at top, fig. 35 the limb flat, with
five teeth, fig. 2.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque, in tubum coalita, eq five FILAMENTs united into a tube,
|y. he

PISTILLUM: Geren placed beneath each fingle flo-
ret, fig. 6: STYLE thread-fhaped, the length
of the ftamina: STiGMATA two, bending
back, fig. s.

RECEPTACLE chaffy, chaff hollow, narrow, poin-
ted, fhining, the length of the down, and
deciduous, fig. 1.

SEEDS nearly linear, tapering to a point at bottom,
of a chefnut colour, fig. 7, viewed with a
magnifier, finely grooved, and rough, fig. 8,
thofe in the circumference feffile, thofe in the center
landing on foot-ftalks.

PAPPUS inzqualis, plumofus, rigidulus, fic. 9. y DOWN uneven, feathered, and ftiffifh, fig. 9.

fig. 4. ;
PISTILLUM : GznMEN infra corollam propriam,

fig. 6: Srvrvs filiformis, longitudine ftami-

num: Stigmata duo reflexa, fig. 5.

RECEPTACULUM faleaceum, palez concave, lan-
ceolate, acuminate, nitidz, longitudine pap-

i, decidua, fig. 1.
SEMINA fublinearia, bafi acuminata, caftanea, jig. 7,
lente vifa lineata, fcabra, fig. 8, 1n radio feffi-

lia, in difco petiolata.

In the third edition of Ray’s Synopfis, there is an accurate account given of this plant, which he informs us,
he omitted in his Hi/. Plant. not being certain at that period, whether it was not a variety of fome other plant of
the fame family. It muft be admitted, that many of the plants of this clafs, very much refemble one another at
firft fight, whence the ftudent is apt to confider them as a difficult tribe: but however ftrongly the objection of a

Similarity of babit may be urged againít the Hypocheris glabra, whoever has once feen it in bloflom, will never
miftake it for any other; the flowers being remarkably {mall for a plant of this kind, not exceeding the fize of
a filver threepence, while the heads containing the feeds, are altogether as large in proportion to the fize of the
plant. This fimilarity of habit, may be one caufe why this plant is not oftener found; but a more particular one,
perhaps, is the fhort time of the flowers expanfion, as it does not open till about nine of the clock in the morning,
and fhuts again about one or two in the afternoon.

Harrzn's account of the feeds of this plant is very juft: thofein the center have foot-ftalks, and thofe in the
circumference none; hence this plant unites thofe genera, whofe characters are drawn from this circumftance.

I have found this fpecies of Hypocheris in tolerable abundance on Black-heath, particularly under Greenwich Park
Wall, on the South-fide. By Ray it is mentioned to grow, on the authority of Doopy, in the fields between
Kingfion and Richmond; by Mr. Hupson, about Br//o/; near Norwich, by Mr. Pircurorp; and in Scotland,
though rarely, by Mr. Licurroor. |

It delights in a gravelly or fandy foil, and expofed fituation ; and flowers in June.

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CARDUUS MARIANUS Mirk T uisTLE

CARDUUS Inu Gen. Pl. SywGENESIA POLYGAMIA JZEQUALIS.

Calyx ovatus, imbricatus fquamis fpinofis. Receptaculum pilofum.

Raii Syn. Gen. 18. HERBAEFLOREEXFLOSCULIS FISTULARIBUS COMPOS1TO, SIVE CAPIT ATE.

CARDUUS marianus folis amplexicaulibus haftato pinnatifidis fpinofis ; calycibus aphyllis: fpinis cana-

liculatis duplicato fpinofis. Linn. Syfi. Vegetab. 5. 605. Sp Pl. 1153.

SILYBUM nervis foliorum albis.

Haller. Hifl. n. 181.

CIRSIUM maculatum. Scopoli Fl. Carniol. $. 130.

CARDUUS albis maculis notatus vulgaris. Baubin. Pim. p. 281.

CARDUUS marie. Gerard. emac. 1150.

CARDUUS marie vulgaris. Parkinfon. 976.

Raii Synop. p. 195. Common Milk Thiftle, or Ladies Thiftle,
Hudfon. Fl, Angl. ed. 2. B. 353.

Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. b. 454.

RADIX annua.

FOLIA radicalia fupra terram. expanfa, pedalia, bipe-
dalia et ultra, pinnatifido finuata, nitida, mar-
gine fpinofa, fuperne venis albis reticulatis
pica, fubinde vero immaculata, Cau/za am-
plexicaulia, patentia, fuprema recurvata, bafi
cauli adprefla. |

CAULIS tripedalis, ad orgyalem, ramofus, inferne
craffitie digiti intermedii, tomentofus, fulca-
tus, fuperne nudus, ftriatus.

FLORES folitarii, magni, purpurei.

CALYX: Folia quz calycem componunt varia funt,
inferiora nempe rotundata, fpinis ciliata ; inter-
media utrinque ad bafin fpinis ciliata, acumi-
nata, patentia, ripida, fuperne canaliculata,
fpina flavefcente terminata; fuperiora et interi-
ora lanceolata, inermia, apice purpurea, mar-

pinibus, fiffis, fig. 1, 2, 3.

COROLLULJAE infundibuliformes, tubo tenuiffimo,
curvato, albo, fig. 4.5 Limbo erecto, quinque-
fido, bafi fubglobofo, nitido, intus melleum
liquorem fundente, laciniis linearibus, zequa-
libus.

STAMINA: FirAMENTA quinque, capillaria, bre-
viffima : AN THERE purpurez, in tubum tenu-
ifimum coalitz, fig. 6.

PISTILLUM : GznMEN ovatum, compreffum, album :
SrvLus filiformis, ftaminibus longior, prope
apicem circulo villorum coronato, dein utrin-

que fulcato et apice bifido, fig. 7.

SEMINA plurima, ovata, fubangulata, nitida, nigri-
cantia, pappo obliquo, rigidulo, fimplici, al-
bido coronata.

RECEPTACULUM pilofüm,

ROOT annual.

LEAVES next the root, expanded on the ground,
from one to two feet or more in length, finua-
ted, and pinnatifid, fhining, the edge fpinous,
on the upper fide painted with white veins,
which forma kind of net work, but fometimes
wholly green; Jeaves on the flalb partly fur-
rounding the ftem, fpreading, the uppermoft
leaves bent back, the bafe of each prefled clofe
to the ftalk.

STALK from three to fix feet high, branched, at bot-
tom about the thicknefs of the middle finger,
downy, grooved, at top naked, and finely
channeled,

FLOWERS one on each ftalk, large, and purple.

CALYX. The leaves which compofe the calyx are

: various ; the lowermoft are of a roundiíh
fhape, and edged with fpines; the middle
ones edged with {pines towards the bottom,
and running out to a point, fpreading, rigid,
hollow on the upper fide, and terminating in
a yellowifh fpine; the upper and innermoft
leaves lanceolate, without fpines, purple at top,
and notched on the edges, fig. 1, 2, 3.

FLORETS funnel fhaped; tube very flender, bent,
and white, fig. 4; Limb erect, divided into
five fegments, at bottom fomewhat globular,
and fecreting a honey liquor withinfide, the
Ícgments linear, and equal in length.

STAMINA : five Firamenrs, very fhort, and fine:
ANTHER purple, united into a very flender
tube, fig. 6.

PISTILLUM: Germewn oval, flattened, and white:
STYLE thread-fhaped, longer than the ftami-
na, crowned near the top with a circle of
fhort hairs, from thence grooved on each fide,
and bifid at top, fig. 7.

SEEDS numerous, oval, fomewhat angular, fhining,
of a blackifh colour, crowned witha ftiffith,
fimple, white down, growing obliquely.

RECEPTACLE hairy. .

THE beautiful milk white veins which form an irregular net work on the upper fide of the leaves of this
fpecies of Thifle, joined to its grandeur, render it an object which ftrikes the attention of moft : and where thefe
veins exift, they ferve alfo very well to characterize the plant: the leaves however are frequently wholly green;
in which cafe, it becomes neceffary to have recourfe to fome of its other characters, than which none are more
confpicuous than the ftrong fpines which defend the bloffom,

The feeds are large, and contain a portion of oil, whence they have fometimes been made ufe of in emulfions :
but they more often ferve as food for the Goldfinch, and other granivorous birds.

It is a very common plant on our banks, by the fides of roads, and among rubbifh, and flowers in May and
June. The variety with green leaves, I have obferved on the banks near Kennington "lurnpike.

Did it not occupy fo much fpace, its beauty would recommend it as a garden plant.

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Bivens cERNUA. Noppinc W ATER-HEMP - A GRIMONY.
BIDENS Lia Gen. Pl. SvwoENEsIA PotycAMiA 7ÉovALIS. Recepft. paleaceum. Pappus ariftis erectis
{cabris. Ca]. imbricatus. Cor. rarius flofculo uno alterne radiante inftructus.

Rai. Syn. Gem. 8. HERBE FLORE COMPOSITO DISCOIDE SEMINIBUS PAPTO DESTITUTIS
CORYMBIFERJE DICTA,

BIDENS cernua foliis lanceolatis amplexicaulibus floribus cernuis feminibus erestis. Lin. Syft. Vegetab.
f. 610.

BIDENS foliis feffilibus ferratis, floribus nutantibus circumvallatis. Ha/jer. Hifl. 120.
BIDENS ceraua Scopoli FJ. Carniol. 5. 176. 0. 2.

CANNABINA aquatica folio non divifo. Baub. pin. 321.

VERBESINA. pulchriore flore luteo. 7. B. IL 1074.

EUPATORUE Canzabinz feeminze varietas altera Ger. emac. 71r.

EUPATORIUM aquaticum folio integro. Parkins. 596.

VERBESINA minima. D/len. Cat. Gifs. 167. et App. 66. Raii. Syn. ed 3.1. 7. f. a.

Rai, Sym. 5. 187. Water-Hemp-Agrimony with an undivided leaf.
Hudjon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 356.
Lighifoot. Fl. Scot. 5. 463.

RADIX ‘annua, fibrofa, fibris plurimis, majufculis,
alte defcendentibus.

CAULIS pedalis, bipedalis, et ultra, erectus, ramofus,
bifpidulus, :purpurafcens, rubro pundatus,
inferne teres, fuperne fulcato-firiatus, rami.
oppofiti, fubere&i.

FOLIA oppofita, indivifa, modice connata, ovato-
lanceolata, patentia, ferrata, utrinque levia.

ROOT annual, and fibrous, the fibres numerous, large,
branched, «running deep.

STALK from one to two feet high or more, upright,
branched, fomewhat hifpid, purplifh, dotted
with red, below round, above ftriated, the
branches oppofite and nearly upright.

LEAVES oppofite, undivided, moderately connate,
ovato-lanceolate, {preading, ferrated, and
fmooth on both fides.

FLOWER-STALKS ftriated.

FLOWERS of a yellowifh green colour, finally
drooping, generally radiated.

CALY X common to all the florets leafy, confifting of
about feven leaves, which are of a fhape be-
twixt linear and lanceolate, finely fawed at the
edge, rib'd, turning back and longer than
the corolla.

PEDUNCULI firiati.

FLORES e luteovirefcentes, demum cernui, plerumque
radiati.

CALYX communis, foliaceus, foliolis circiter feptem,
lineari-lanceolatis, ferrulatis, nervofis, reflexis,
corolla longioribus.

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COROLLA: P&r ALA exterioradecem circiter, oblongo- & COROLLA: the exterior PETALS about ten in num-

ovata, acutiufcula, nitida, e flavo-virefcentia, 4 ber, of an oblong oval fhape, fomewhat point-

apice inflexa, lineis parallelis nigricantibus 4 ed, and bending in at the top, of a yellowith

pi&a, exempta margine; Froscurr in difco : green colour, fhining and marked with blackifh

numerofi, zquales, hermaphroditi, infundi- + parallel lines except the margin, the FLowERS

buliformes, flavi; Zubuscylindraceus, longi- 4 in the center numerous, equal, hermaphro-

tudine limbi feu paulo longior, Limbus cam- : dite, funnel fhaped and of a yellow colour ;

panulatus, quinquedentatus, dentibus fub- + the Tube cylindrical the length of the limb or

fubreflexis. fig. 1. 2. 3 a little longer, the Lzmb bell-fhaped, having
4 five teeth which turn fomewhat back. fig. 1. 2.
4 STAMINA: five FILAMENTS, very fine; ANTHERJE
: blackifh, forming a loofe tube. jig. 3.
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STAMINA : FILAMENTA quinque, capillaria; AN-

THERE nigricantes, in tubum laxum coali-

tz. fig. 3- |

PISTILLUM : GERMEN angulatum, fubconicum, albi-
dum, apice truncatum, fuperne e quatuor
angulis, ariftis quatuor longitudine fere flof-
culi inftru&um. jig. 6.

PISTILLUM: Germen angular, fomewhat conical,
whitifh, cut off at top, furnifhed above with.
four beards or awns proceeding from the four
angles almoft the length of the flower and
befet with little hooks bending backward. fi¢.6.

SEED of a dark olive colour, inverfely conical, four
cornered, the corners and beards befet with
little hooks bending backward. fig. 7.

RECEPTACLE chaffy or' befet with numerous lan-
ceolateleaves having the ftructure of the petals
and being as long as the florets, fig. 5.

SEMEN olivaceo-nigrum, obverfe conicum, tetrago-
num, angulis arifüfque retrorfum fcabro ha-
mofis. fig. 7.

RECEPTACULUM paleaceum Pajeis ftru&urz petalo-

rum, lanceolatis, longitudine flofculorum.
SiS» 5-

THE Genus Bidens of Linnaus is chiefly characteriz'd by the ftu&ure of its. feeds, which. according to its
name fhou’d be furnifhed with two teeth or awns, to neither of our Englith fpecies does this name however
wellaccord, as the one has generally three and the other four; the awns are furnifh d with fmall fharp hooks,
(a curious object for the microfcope) by means of which they often tick to ones cloaths, and Mr. Lieur-
rooT mentions that they have been known fometimes to deftroy the Cyprinus auratus or Gold Fifh by adhering
to their Gills and Jaws. JANI ri WV

We have two fpecies of Eidens common in this country viz the tripariita and cernua, the tripartita is common
ou the edge of almoft every pond, the cermua delights rather to grow in the water ittelf, in the ditches about St.
Georges Fields, in the pond adjoining Hornfey Wood, and in fimilar fituations about London it is very frequently
met with, it flowers in the month of September, a month later than the ¢ripartita, —— .

Like all other plants it is fubje& to vary, being fometimes found without its exterior petals, and fometimes in
very drys feafons when the Sun has exhaled the water from the pond it has grown in, it has been found fo
dwarfifh as not to exceed two or three inches in height, a plant of this kind is figured on the plate, jig. 8, DILLEnivs
finding it in this ftate, defcribed and figured it is in his edition of Rays Synopfis, as a difün& fpecies and Linnz-
us probably relying on his authority adopted it as fuch in his Species plantarum but H ALLER who-iad.fcen the es
very juftly confiders it as only a variety and Mr. Ligutroor concurs with him in opinion, Mr, Hupson with his
ufual inaccuracy in the fecond edition of his Flora anglica gives it as a variety of the iripartita. —

The flowers of this {pecies have a ftrong and not a very difagreeable fmell, hence they promife to poflefs fome
medicinal powers, it is faid by Linn aus, to dye yellow, but not fo powerfully as the zrparfi/a.

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INULA DYSENTERICA. Common EF LEABANE.

INULA Lin. Gen Pi. SyNGENESIA Porvo. SupERFL.
Recept. nudum. Pappus fimplex. Anthere bafi in duas fetas definentes.
Rai. Syn. Gen. 7. HERBA FLORE COMPOSITO, SEMINE PAPPOSO NON LACTESCENTES,
FLORE DISCOIDE.

INULA dyjfenterica fohis amplexicaulibus cordato-oblongis, caule villofo paniculato, fquamis calycinis
fetaceis. Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. p. 637. Lin. Spec. pl. p. 1237. FI, Suecic. n. 557.

ASTER folis amplexicaulibus, undulatis, fubtus tomentofis. Haller, bifl. s. 79.
ASTER Dyfentericus. Scopoli. Fl. Carn. n. 1079.

CONYZA media afteris flore luteo vel tertia diofcoridis. Baub, pin. 265.

CONYZA media Matthioli, flore magno luteo, humidis locis proveniens. 53. B. II. 105o.

CONYZA media Ger. emac. 482. HERBA DvsENTERICA. Cat. Altdorf. Raii. Syn. p. 174. Middle Fleabane.
Hud/on. Fl. Angl. p. 368:
Oeder. Fl. Dan. t. 410. ;

RADIX perennis, repens, albida, craffitie pennz an-
ferinz, majufculis fibris donata.

CAULIS pedalis ad bipedalem, erectus, ramofiffimus,
teres, firmus, folidus, lanuginofus.

ROOT perennial, creeping. whitifh, the thicknefs of
a goofe quill, furnifhed with largifh fibres.
STALK from one to two feet high, upright, very
much branched, round, firm, folid, with a
wooly furface.

LEAVES alternate, fct thickly together, fpreading,
embracing the ftalk, oblong, obfcurely ferra-
ted, underneath woolly, above fomewhat hir-
fute, of a dull green colour.

BRANCHES numerous, like the ftalk, upright, the

FOLIA alterna, conferta, patentia, amplexicaulia, ob-
longa, obícure ferrata, inferne tomentofa,
fuperne fubhirfuta, obfcure viridia.

RAMI plurimi, cauli fimiles, ere€ti, ferioribus altius

rovectis. lateft growing to the greateft height.
FLORES flavi, procul confpicui, numerofi, fubco- 2 FLOWERS yellow, confpicuous at a diftance, nume-
rymbofi. rous, and forming a kind of corymbus.

CALYX: communis, imbricatus, foliolis laxis, fub-
linearibus, hirfutis.

CALYX: common to many florets, the leaves placed
one over another, fomewhat linear and hir-
fute.

COROLLA compound and radiate, hermaphrodite
Florets equal and exceedingly numerous in the
center. Female ligulate, numerous, growing
clofe together, in the circumference. Each
Hermaphrodite floret funnel fhaped, the limb
divided into five fegments which are nearly
upright, fig. 7. Female ligulate, fomewhat li-
near, terminating in three teeth. fg. 1.
STAMINA in the Hermaphrodite flower ; five Fina-
MENTS thread-fhaped and fhort. ANTHERE
forming a cylindrical tube, compofed of five
fmaller linear ones united, each terminating
below in two ftrait fetee or threads the length.
of the filaments.

PISTILLUM ofthe Hermaphrodite florets: GERMEN
oblong and fomewhat hifpid ; Srvrt thread-
fhaped, the length of the ftamina; ST1GMA
bifid and turning back. fig. 8. ofthe female
Florets; GERMEN as in the Hermaphrodite
ones. fig. 3. STYLE the length of the tube;
STIGMA bifid.

DOWN hairy. fi. 4, 5, 6.

COROLLA compofita, radiata, Coro//ule hermaphro-
dite, zquales, numerofiffima in difco. Fe-
mince ligulate, numerof, confertz in radio.
Propria Hermaphroditis infundibuliformis,
limbo quinguefido, erectiufculo, ffe. 7. Femi-
nea ligulata, fublinearis, tridentata. jig. 1.

STAMINA Hermaphroditis: FILAMENTA quinque,
filiformia, brevia. ANTHERA cylindrica, com-
pofita ex minoribus quinque linearibus, coali-
tis: fingulis inferne definentibus in fetas duas
rectas longitudine filamentorum.

PISTILLUM Hermaphroditis: GERMEN oblongum,
hifpidulum ; Srvrvs filiformis, longitudine
ftaminum ; Stiema bifidum, reflexum jig. 8.
Femineis: GERMEN ut in Hermaphrodito ;
fs. 3. STYLvs longitudine tubi, ST1GMA
bifidum. fig. 2.

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PAPPUS pilofus. fig. 4. 5. 6.

Ar the clofe of the year this plant contributes not a little to enliven and beautify the fides of our moift ditches,
to the Farmer it however affords no very pleafing fpe&tacle when it overruns as it frequently does. large tracts of
Land and gives it a barren uncultivated appearance.

Linnzus in his Flora Suecica mentions his having been informed by General Ker that the Ruffians in their
expedition againft the Perfians were cured of the Bloody Flux by means of this plant, whence it has probably _
obtained its name of dyfenterica, had it poffeffed any efficacy in this difeafe fuperior to the medicines in general
ufe it would moft probably have been retain’d in the prefent practice. Ray has obferved that the leaves when
bruifed {melt like Soap, Rutty informs us that the juice is faltifh and warms the mouth a little, that the
decoétion is fomewhat acrid in the throat, at the fame time aftringent and turning green with vitrol of Iron,
that the infufion is fomewhat aftringent, very bitter in the throat, and turning black with vitriol of Iron.

Cattle in general diflike it.

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INULA Lin. Gen. Plant, SvwcENESIA Porycamia SuPERFLUA, Recepi, nudum, Pappus fimplex,

Anthere bafi in fetas duas definentes.

Ras. Syn. Gem 7.

Herb FLORE COMPOSITO, SEMINE PAPPOSO NON LACTESCENTES,

FLORE DISCOIDE.

INULA Pulicaria folis amplexicaulibus undulatis, caule proftrato, floribus fubglobofis. Lim 5. Pr,

5. 1239.

ASTER folis amplexicaulibus, undulatis, hirfutis, radiis breviffimis, Haller. Hi. m 9o.

ASTER Pmwlicarius. Scopoli Fl. Carn. t. 1080.

CONYZA minor flore globofo. Baubin pin. 266.

CONYZA minima. Gerard emac, 482. Raii. Syn. f. 174. {mall Fleabane
Hudfon. Fl, Angl. B. 369.
Oeder, FI. Dan. icon. 613.

RADIX annua, fibrofa, albida, articulata, plerumque
curvata. ;

CAULIS fpithameus, taro ultra pedalem, nobifcum
plerumque erectus, ramofiffimus, teres, pur-
purafcens, pubefcens, fubflexuofus ; Kam: al-
terni, cauli fimiles.

FOLIA alterna, oblongo-lanceolata, amplexicaulia,

hirfutula, undulata, tortuofa,

FLORES parvi, numerofi, hemifphzrici, lutei, fum-
mitatibus ramulorum infidentes, peduncu-
lati; poft nati fupra primos eminentes.

CALYX communis imbricatus, fquame numerofe,
inzquales, fublineares, erecta, tomentofz.

COROLLA compofita: Corollule ^ Hermapbrodite
equales, numerofiffime in dico, limbo quin-
quefido, ere&o, extus minutiffime glaudulofo,
jig. 5, Feminee liguiate, numerofe, confertee
in radio; carina ad lentem fcabriufcula, /mbo
breviffimo, plerumque tridentato. fig. s.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA quinque, capillaria ; An-
THER flave, longitudine corolle, fingulis
fetis duabus tenuiffimis ad bafin inftrudtis,

Jig- 9, 10, I1.
PISTILLUM: Geamen Hermaphroditis et Feminzis

oblongum, teres, album, pilis rigidulis fub-
appreffis hirfutum. fig. 2, 4. STYLUS co-
rollà longior; SriGMA bifidum, lacinis re-

flexis. fig. 3, 6.

. SEMEN oblongum, nigricans, hifpidulum, teres;
pappo fimplici, rigidulo, fragili, longitudine
feminis coronatum. jig. 8.

RECEPTACULUM nudum, pun&is prominulis fca-
brum. fig. 7.

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ROOT annual, fibrous, whitifh, jointed, generally
crooked.

STALK from feven inches to a foot in height, feldom
more, with us generally upright, very much
branched, round, purplifh, downy, fome-
what crooked; Branches alternate, and like

the ftalk.

LEAVES alternate, oblong, and lanceolate, embra-
cing the ftalk, flightly hairy, waved at the
edges and twifted.

FLOWERS fmall, numerous, hemifpherical and yel-
low, fitting on the tops of the branches and
having foot ftalks, the laft blown ftanding

.... confiderably above the others.
CALYX common to many florets, ícales lying one

over another, numerous, almoft linear, up-

right, equal and woolly. _

COROLLA compound, Hermaphrodite Florets equal,
exceedingly numerous in the center, the limb
divided into five upright fegments, and ex-
ternally very minutely glandular, fig. 5. Fe-
male Florets in the circumference flat: at the
extremity, numerous, clofe together, the
keel or midrib underneath a little rough, the
[mb very foort, ufually terminating in three
teeth. fig. 1.

STAMINA: five F1LAMENTS, very fine; ANTHER E
yellow, the length of the corolla, each fur-
nifhed at bottom with two flender fete or
briftles. ffr. 9, 10. 11.

PISTILLUM : Germen both in the Hermaphrodite
and Female Florets oblong, round, white,
hirfute with ftiffifh hairs which are fomewhat
prefs'd toit; fig. 2, 4, SryrE longer than
the corolla; Stigma bifid, the fegments
turning back. fig. 3. 6.

SEED oblong, blackifh, round and a little hifpid,
crown'd with a fimple, ftiffifh, brittle down,
the length of the feed. fg. 8. |

RECEPTACLE naked, roughifh from little promis
nent points. fig. 7.

LINNAEUS in his Genera Plantarum informs us that the Inula is principally characterized by having two {mall
Sete or Briftles proceeding from the bafe of each Anthera, and that it is by this circumftance in an efpecial man?
ner diftinguifhed from the Genus fer, yet notwithftanding this, both Haller and Scopoli have thought proper te
join it with that genus; although a peculiar charaéter, it might perhaps be confidered by them as too minute
to found a Genus on, in this ipecies it requires a good eye and fome finall dexterity to difcover them, yet they
are fufficiently vifible ; independent of them however, there is on the face of the two geneta fuch an evident
diffimilarity that a ftudent would never expe& to find then arranged together

This fpecies às not fo common as the dy/enterica, nor is it like that a perennial.—It generally grows ih places
overflowed in the winter, on the borders of Ponds particularly in à ftiffith foil and flowers in September,

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VIOLA PALUSTRIS.

Boc Viortrr.

VIOLA Lin. Gen. Pl. SyNGENESIA Ionic MA

Cal. s-phyllus. Cor. s-petala, irregularis, poftice cornuta. Caps. fupera

3-valvis, r-locularis.

Rau Syn. Gen. 24.

Hersam PENTAPETAL/E VASCULIFERE.

VIOLA acaulis, folis reniformibus. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. b. 668. Sp. Pl. p. 1324. FL Suecic. n. 786.
Haller. bifl. n. 560.

VIOLA paluftris rotundifolia glabra.

Moris. bii. 2.75. qus. fes. 35s f- 5. Plot. Oe. 144. E. 9.
f: a Ras asy d. 9623.

Hudfon FL Zngl ed. 2. p- 379.

Lightfoot FL, Scot. p. 506.

Oeder FI. Dan. t 8 3.

RADIX perennis, repens, albida, dentata, hinc in-
de gemmis albis inftructa, plurimis fibrillis ra-
mofis capillata.

STIPULAE radicales plurime, ovato-acutz, ferrulate.

PETIOLI glabri, femicylindracei, interne concavi,
ad lentem vifi pun&is minutiffimis purpureis

notati.

FOLIA fubreniformia, tenera, nitida, crenata, ve-
noía, fubtus haud infrequenter purpurafcen-
tia. ;

PEDUNCULI radicales, uniflori, petiolis duplo lon-

giores, fubtetragoni.

BRACTE duo, lanceolate, oppofitze, ad bafin fer-

rulatz, infra medium pedunculi polite.

FLORES parvi, pallide purpurei.

CALYX: PrEnrANTHIUM parvum, petalis duobus fu-
perioribus fere occultum, — pentaphyllum,
foliolis oblongis, obtufis, fuperioribus apice
recuivis. fig. 4.

COROLLA: PzrALA quinque, pallide purpurea, duo-
bus fuperioribus deorfum flexis, longitudine
fere calcaris nectarit, . petala lateralia {ubtor-
tuofa, ftria unica fimplici notata, bafi barbata,
fig. 2. infima venis purpureis ramofis pulchre
picta, in calcar breve obtufum poftice excur-
rente. fig. 3.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA quinque brevifhma; AN-
THERJE biloculares, in tubum vix coalescen-
tes, membrana aurantiaca terminatz. fiz. 4.
auct.

PISTILLUM: Germen fubovatum; Srvrvs ba’ cur-
vatus, fuperne incraffatus, antheris longior;
SticmMa pudo oculo bifidum apparet ; jig. 5.
armato ficutad. jig. 6.

PERICARPIUM: CarsuLA oblonga, trigona, tri-
valvis.

SEMINA plurima, fubrotunda.

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ROOT perennial creeping, whitifh, toothed, here
and there furnifhed with white buds, and a-
bundantly fupplied with branched fibres.
STIPULZE next the root numerous, ovate, pointed,
and flhghtly fawed.

LEAF-STALKS {mooth, femicylindrical, internally

hollow, view’d witha glafs appearing to be

finely dotted with purple.

LEAVES fomewhat kidney-fhaped, tender, fhining,

notched, veiny, on the under fide frequently

purplith.

FLOWER-STALKS fpringing from the root, twice

the length of the leaf-ftalks, fomewhat qua-

drangular y

FLORAL-LEAVES two, lanceolate, oppofite, fine-

ly fawed at the bafe, and placed below the

middle of the flower-ftalk.

FLOWERS fmall, of a pale purple colour.

CALYX :a Perrantuium, {mall and almoft hid by the

two uppermoft petals, compofed of five leaves,

which are oblong, obtufe, the uppermoft

turn'd back at top. fig. 1.

COROLLA five PETALs, of a pale purple colour, the
two uppermoft bent back, almoft the length
of the {pur of the ne&ary, the fide pétals
fomewhat twifted, marked with one fimple

. ftreak, and bearded at the bottom, the low-
ermoft beautifully painted with branched
veins of a purple or reddifh colour, running
out backward into a fhort blunt fpur. fe. 2. 3.

STAMINA: five FrLAMENTS very fhort, ANTHERE
bilocular, fcarcely united in a tube, termi-
nated by an orange colour'd membrane. yfg.
4. magnified.

PISTILLUM: Germen fomewhat ovate; STYLE

crooked at bottom, thicken’d at top, longer

than the anthere ; Sriema to the naked eye
bifid. fig. 4. when magnified appearing as at
fig. 6. |

SEED-VESSEL an oblong, three-corner'd CarsvrLE.

of three valves.

SEEDS numerous and roundifh.

IT isin Bogs only that we find the P7e/a palufiris, the leaft fhowy of all our Enghfh Violets, and in fuch
fituations it generally abounds, on the boggy part of Shirley Common near Croydon, it may be found in flower in

April and May.

It is diftinguithed from the other fpecies by the peculiarity of its place of growth, the greater roundnefs of its
leaves, the palenefs of its flowers, and the extraordinary form of its’ fügma, wid. pi. fig. 6. In its ceconomy it
refembles the Viola odorata, bzrta, &c. producing ripe feeds without perfect blofloms, and that in a greater
quantity and for a longer continuance than any of the others. 4

A Violet with red ftriped blofloms is mentioned by Parkinson, under the name of Viola rubra friata Ebora-
cenfis which is confidered by Mr. Ray and later writers, as only a variety of the prefent plant.

227

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Osncus Morwo. Meranow Onrcuis.

ORCHIS Lian. Gen, Pl GywANDRIA Dianpria. Neéfarium corniforme pone florem.
Rai Sym. Gen. 26 HERB# RADICE BULBOSA PRJEDITJE.

ORCHIS Morio bulbis indivifis, nectarii labio quadrifido crenulato: cornu obtufo adícendente, petalis
obtufis conniventibus. Lin. Syff. Vegetab. p. 674. Sp. Pl. p. 1333. FL. Suec. n. 794.

ORCHIS radicibus fubrotundis, petalis galez lineatis, labello trifido crenato, medio fegmento emargi-
nato. Haller. bift. m. 1281. t. 33.

ORCHIS Morro. Scopol: Fl. Carniol. n. 1110.
ORCHIS morio femina. — Baubiz. pin. 82. Parkins. 1347.
CYNOSORCHIS morio femina. Ger. emac. 208. Rai Syn. 377. ‘The Female Fool-ftones.
Hudfon, Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 383. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 514. Oeder. FI. Dan. Tab. 253

ROOT : two roundifh Bulbs of the fize of a hazel nut
or even of a nutmeg, above as in moft of the
plants of this tribe furnifhed with largifh

. Ípreading fibres, {melling ftrong and rank.

STALK from fix or feven inches to a foot or more in
height, upright and leafy.

LEAVES embracing the ftalk, lanceolate, marked
with lines, fhining on the upper fide, un-
derneath filvery, the bottom ones for the
moft part turning back and varioufly con-
torted.

FLOWERS few in number, from fix to eight, feldom
more than twelve, of a purple colour,
fitting loofely on the ftalk.

BRACTZEA or Floral leaf, almoft the length of the
germen, purplifh and incumbent.

COROLLA: five Perats, all of which clofe together
and form the helmet, of thefe the two

outermoft are ftrikingly marked with
» green parallel lines.

LIP large, purple, whitifh in the middle and dotted,
having three lobes, of which the two fide ones
turn downward, the middle one fhorteft with a
notchin it, all of them finely fawed. Spur nearly
the length of the germen, flightly notched at top
and tending upward.

STAMINA: two FiLAMENTS; ANTHERZ green,

club-fhaped, íplitting into two lamellze.
SE ne Pa ves

RADIX: Bulb; duo, fubrotundi, magnitudine nucis
avellanee aut etiam mofchate, fuperne ut in
plerifque hujus generis fibris majufculis pa-
tentibus inftructi, odore fubhircino.

SCAPUS [fpithamazus, ad pedalem et ultra, erectus,
foliofus.

FOLIA amplexicaulia, lanceolata, lineata, fuperne ni-
tida, inferne fubargentea, ima reflexa, et quo-
dammodo intorta.

FLORES pauciores, fex five octo, raro ultra duodecim,
purpurei, laxe difpofiti.

BRACTZEA longitudine fere germinis, purpurafcens,
incumbens.

COROLLA: PEerALA quinque, omnibus in galeam
conniventibus, quorum duo exteriora
prefertim lineis quinque parallelis, viri-
dibus notantur.

LABELLUM amplum, purpureum, medio albidum,
punctatum, trilobum, lobis lateralibus
deflexis, medio breviore emarginato,

omnibus ferrulatis. Calcar longitudine
fere germinis, fubemarginatum, furfum
tendens.

STAMINA: FitAMENTA duo; ANTHERE virides,
clavate, bilamellate. fig. 2. 3. 5.

«t4 4454-0444 44 44 ELE EAE 44 EERE 445 44049 HE HE EEE HE 616 AEE 44 H6 16144466

Moft of the plants of the Orchis tribe as already has been obferved have bulbous roots which are yearly re-
newed, they do not however encreafe in that abundant manner which many other bulbous-rooted plants are
known to do; as yet I have not heard of any one that has raifed them from feed, nor can I boaft a fa& of that
kind myfelf, yet frequent obfervation almoft confirms me in the opinion that they muft be propagated from feed,
if this be not admitted, how fhall we account for fo many young plants being found together as are frequently
obferved ? I have myfelf feen from twenty to thirty young plants of the Bee Orchis growing within a foot of each
other, and it is well-known they feldom or never encreafe by the root; accurate and repeated obfervation in na-
tural hiftory is capable of preducing much information, and will it is hoped e're long fatisfa&torily elucidate this
doubtful fubject. |

Some writers on tlie Materia Medica have pronounc'd this to be the true plant which produces the oriental
Salep, while others fuppofe it to be fome other fpecies, there 1s ene circumftance which makes it impoflible that this
fpecies fhould produce all the Salep as many of the roots in that drug appear palmated like thofe of the Orchis Macu-
lata, whereas had they been the produce of the Orchis Morio they would all have appeared round, it would therefore
appear moft probable that the Salep is formed from a number of the different fpecies mixed together; there feems
to be no propriety in confining it to this fpecies alone, the mafcula, the maculata, the bifolia, and fome others
have as large or larger roots than this, and their quality appears to be the fame.

The Orchis Morio grows in meadows that are moderately dry, fuch as the Cowfip is ufually found in, and
fometimes they are fo numerous as to empurple the {pot they grow on.

It aflumes all the changes of colour from a deep purple to a white, indeed there is no Orchis more variable in
this refpect, but in all its varieties it retains more or lefs ftrongly the green lines on its fide petals which obvi-
oufly diftinguifh it from all our other Orchis's.

It flowers in May and June.

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DUE YSUOVATmTmA-. ] wWAYBLADSE.

OPHRYS Lin. Gen. Pl, GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.
Neétarium fubcarinatum.
Raii Syn. Gen. 29. HERB RADICE BULBOSA PREDITA.

- OPHRYS ovata bulbo fibrofo, caule bifolio, foliis ovatis, necari labio bifido. Lin. Syft. 'zgetab. p. 667.

Sp. Pl. 1342. FL. Suec. n. 908.

EPIPACTIS foliis binis ovatis, labello bifido. — Haller. bif. 1291. t. 37-

OPHRYS ovata, Baubin. Pin. 87.

Ger. emac. 402.

BIFOLIUM fylveftre vulgare Parkins. 504. Ravi Syn. 385. Common Twayblade.

FL Dan. 4. 137. Hudfon Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 388. Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 523.

RADIX perennis, fibrofa, fibris plurimis, teretibus,
cylindricis, contortis. |

SCAPUS pedalis et ultra, folidus, teres, villofus, fub-
vifcidus, foliolis paucis perbrevibus, alternis,
acuminatis, vaginantibus inftructus.

FOLIA bina, prope terram, inferiore bafi fua fuperi-
oris bafin ambiente, ovata, mucronata, quin-

uenervia.

FLORES herbacei, fpicati, laxe et difüin&te infidentes.

SPICA przlonga, angufta.
Fig. 1. ad 12. exhibent partes fructificationis ficut per
lentem apparent.

Fig. 1. ad 6. Flos antice vifus.
Fig. 1. 4. $. PETALA exteriora
anguftiora.

Fig. 6. Labellum Nectarit bifidum, in fitu naturali

fzepius inflexum.

latiora, 2. 3. interiora

Fig. 7. Squama fuperior, fig. 10. Sguama inferior,
(fuftentaculum Halleri) inter quas theca fta-
minum quafi in forcipe continetur.
Fig. 12. Thecaftaminum, cum ftaminibus inclufis.

Fig. 8. Theca ftaminum, demiffis ftaminibus, fic. 9.

Fig. 15. STAMINA cum ANTHERIS bilamellofis, flavis,
feorfim exhibitis.

Fg. 11. Stigma. "
Fig. 15. PERICARPIUM nat. magnitud.

'To render the characters of this genus, which are very difficult of invefti
they are reprefented in a magnified ftate, and particularly referred to.

Y
Y
Y
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
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Y
Y
1
Y
1
Y
M
M
Y
1
Y
1
Y
Y
M
Y
1
Y
Y
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Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
M
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
3
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ROOT perennial, fibrous, fibres numerous, round, cy-
lindrical, matted together.

STALK a foot or more in height, folid, round, vil-
lous, flightly vifcid, and furnithed with very
fhort, alternate, pointed fheathing leaves.

LEAVES growing in pairs, near the ground, the lower
one by its bafe furrounding the bafe of the
upper one, ovate, pointed, with five ribs.

FLOWERS of a greenith colour, growing in a fpike,
fitting loofely and diftin&ly.

SPIKE very long and narrow. |

fig. 1. to 12. exhibit the parts of the fru&tification as
they appear through a magnifier,

Fig. 1. to 6. a flower feen in front.

Fig. 1. 4. 5. the outer broadeft Perars, 2. 3. the in-
ner and more narrow ones.

6. the Lip of the Necrary, which in its natural

fituation is generally bent inward.

7. the fuperior Sguama, fig. 10. the inferior Sgua-
ma (the futtentaculum of Haller) between
which the cafe containing the ftamina is held
as in a pair of forceps.

12. the Cafe of the ftamina, with the ftamina en-
clofed.

Fig.
Fig.

Fig.

Fig. 8. the Cafe of the ftamina, the ftamina havine
fallen out, fig. 9. J

Fig. 15. the STAMINA with the ANTHERS compofed
of two lamellz of a yellow colour fhewn by
themfelves.

Pig. 11. the Stigma.

7. 15. SEED-VESSEL of its natural fize.

gation, eafy to the Botanic Student,

It will be feen on comparing, how very different they are from thofe of the Orchis.

This fpecies of Ophrys is the moft common of the whole genus, and may be found in moft of the woods

about London, particularly fuch as have a moift foil, as about Shooter's-hill, and

dows and on Heaths.

A variety with three leaves is row and then met with.

It flowersin May and June.

fometimes it is found in Mea-

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TypuHa Major Greater CarsrAiL

TYPHA Linnei Gen. Plant. MoNoECiA TRIANDRIAs

Masc. Ámentumcylindricum. Cal. obfoletus, 3 phyllus,

Cor. ©. FEM. Amentum cylindricum, infra mafculos. Caf,

capillo villofo. Cer. o. Sem. 1. infidens pappo capillari.

Rai Sys. HERBH GRAMINIFOLIE NON CULMIFER& FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO.

TYPHA Jatfoha folis fubenfiformibus, fpica mafcula femineaque approximatis, Lin. Sy. Vegetab.

p. 702. Sp. pl. 1377.
TYPHA clava unica. Haller. hift. n. 1305.
TYPHA latifolia. Scopo; Fl. Carniol. p. 214.

TYPHA paluftris major. JBaubin. p. 20.

TYPHA paluftris maxima. Parkinfon, 1204;

TYPHA Ger. emac. 46. Raii Syn. p. 436. Great Catftail or Reed-mace. Hudjom Fl. Angh ed. 2. p. 400.

Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. $38.

RADIX perennis, repens, craffitie pollicis, articulata,
fpongiofa, radiculis, fibrillofis, albidis inftructa,
furculi albidi, teneri, in mucronem rigidam
abeuntes, more tritici canini.

CULMUS tripedalis ad fexpedalem, fimplex, erectus,
. foliofus, teres, levis.

FOLIA alterna, erecta, tortuofa, bafi fubenfiformia,
carnofa, fuperne plana, glauca, unciam fere
lata, bi aut tripedalia, longiffima vagina cau-
lem involventia.

SPATH duz, deciduz, una ad fpice mafcule bafin,
altera ad ejus medium.

FLORES mafculi numerofiffimi in Amento erecto, cul-
mum terminante.

CALYX, nullus.

COROLLA, nulla. ]

STAMINA: FILAMENTUM antequam antherz polli-
nem dimittunt, breviffimum, fuftinens An-
theram unam ad quatuor, demiflo polline pen-
dulum, et antheris longius ; ANTHERJ ob-
longe, flava, quadrifulcate, glandulà virei-
cente terminate. fig. 1. 2. 3. 4»

FLORES feminei numerofiffimi, in amento, mafculino
fubje&o et contiguo.

PISTILLUM: GzRMEN ovatum, minimum, pedunculo
brevi infidens; Sryzus fuperne incraflatus ;
STIGMA nigrum.

SEMEN minimum. pedunculatum, ariftatum, pedun-
culo pappofo. jig.

3 A
RECEPTACULUM amenti mafculi pilofum.

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ROOT perennial, creeping, the thicknefs of one’s
thumb, cone Ípongy, furnifhed with {mall
fibrous roots of a whitifh colour, the young”
fhoots white, tender, terminating in a* fharp
hard point, like that-of the common couch

rafs.

STALK [n three to fix feet high, fimple, upright,

| leafy, round and fmooth.

LEAVES alternate, upright, twifted, at bottom fword
fhaped and flefhy, at top flat, and of a blueifh
colour, about an inch in breadth and two or
three feet in length, inclofing the ftalk in a
very long fheath.

SHEATHS two, deciduous, one placed at the bottom

of the male fpike, the other at the middle.

FLOWERS of the male very numerous, in an up-
right Catkin, terminating the ftalk.

CALYX wanting.

COROLLA wanting.

STAMINA: the FiLAMENT before the fhedding of
the pollen is very fhort, fuftaining from one
to four Antherz, the pollen being fhed, they
hang down and become longer than the an-
there; ANTHER oblong, yellow, with four
grooves, and terminated by a greenifh gland.

ig 1535. 37 de

FLOWERS of the female extremely numerous, in a
catkin placed under and contiguous to the
male catkin.

PISTILLUM : GznMEN oval, very minute, fitting on
a fhort footftalk; SrvrE& thickened above;
STIGMA black.

SEED very fmall, fitting on a footftalk, and termi-
nated by an arifta, the footítalk downy, fig. 5.

RECEPTACLE of the male-catkin hairy.

THE appearance of the Typha Major, when its fpike is nearly ripe, is fufficiently ftriking to engage the at-
tention even of the moft incurious; it is not therefore to be wondered at, that Gentlemen, who are fond of
Plants, fhould introduce it on the edges of their ponds, or that Painters fhould make. iG od con{picuous Plant
in their reprefentations of water; the Gentleman fhould however be apprized, that it has a creeping root,
which encreafes very much, foon choaks up a {mall piece of water, and overpowers other aquatics ; thus dif-
ficult to keep within proper bounds, the moft eligible mode of cultivating it 1s found to be in fome border of
the garden, where, if the foil be moift, it will flourifh and produce fpikes more abundantly than in the water.

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"Phe quantity of impregnating duft contained in the male fpike is exceedingly great, though proportioned
indeed to the aftonifhing number of feeds in the female fpike below; if thefe feeds are endowed with a vege-
tative power, (and that they are not I cannot affert from experiment) Nature will appear to have been unu-
fually folicitous in the prefervation of this Plant; but it often happens, as elfewhere has been obferved, that
many of thofe plants which encreafe very much by their roots feldom produce perfect feed, as in the Money-
wort, Butterbur, Water Violet, &c. here indeed the feed appears to come to its greateít perfection; they are,
it is true, exceedingly minute, but this is no argument againit their growth, as the feeds of the Ferns, which
are infinitely fmaller, are known to vegetate, and fo are thofe of the Moffes, which are yet fmaller; for, what-
ever fome Botanifts may affert to the contrary, the fine powder contained in their capfules, is as much feed as
that contained in the capfules of the Ferns.

To afcertain the fac relative to the Typha, and to learn whether it encreafes in any confiderable degree from
the feed, I propofe fticking round fome pond where it is not known to grow, feveral {pikes with the feeds juft
beginning to blow off, and fhall relate the effects of this experiment under the Sparganium, or Burreed.

The parts of fructification in this plant being very minute, are with difficulty inveftigated. Linnzus, who
examined and defcribed them without the affiftance of a magiifier, is therefore excufable, if he has not been fo
minutely accurate in his defcription of them, as he is in moft others. |

'The Calyx which he defcribes does not appear to be the Calyx, but rather fome of the hairs proceeding from
the receptacle, and which indeed appear more evidently to be fo, from the hairy appearance of the receptacle
when the ftamina are dropt off; on one Filament are fupported one, two, three, or four Anthere, and that indif-
criminately, fo that there does not appear to be any great propriety in placing it in the order Triandria, it would
be much leís puzzling, and perhaps more agreeable to the fyf{tem, to place it in the order Polyandria, there be-
ing many ftamina, and all of them united to one receptacle,

The ufes to which this plant are applied are but few.

The Roots are faid to be eaten as a fallad. Haller. bift. ex. auct. Gledit.

The downy feeds ferve for ftuffing pillows. Haller. bif. MOT.

Coopers ufe the leaves to faften the hoops round their cafks. Lin. ex auct. Ruppit. |

According to Hatter, cattle eat the leaves which are fufpected to be poifonous by SCHREBER. —

It grows in ponds, ditches, and by the fides of rivers in many places about London, and flowers in July.

TypHa Minor. SMALLER CarsrAiL.
TYPHA L»mei Gen. Pi. Moworcta TRIANDRIA.
Masc. Arhenttim cylindricum, Cz/. obfoletus, 3
phyllus Cor. o. FEM. Amentum cylindricum, infra
mafculos. Cal. capillo villofo. Cor. o. Sem. 1. inf

dens pappo capillári.

Rai Sys HERRE GRAMNIIFOLIJ NON CULMIFERJE FLORE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO.

TYPHA jeu foliis femicylindricis, fpica mafcula femineaque remotis. Lin, Sy/. vegetabs p. 702.
pe pl. 1375.
TYPHA clava Bde ferninina remota. Haller. bift. 1306.
TYPHA angufüfolia, Stopoli. FJ. Carniol. p. p. 21h.
TYPHA paluftris minor, Bauhin pin. p. 20.
TYPHA minor Parkinfon, 1204. Rai Syn. 436.
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. p. 400.

THE Typha Minoris 4 much fearéer plant about London than the Major, from which it differs fpecifi-
cally in having much narrower leaves and flenderer fpikes, the male {pike being alfo diftant from the female about
an inch; in the ftru&ure of its parts and its general ceconomy it refembles the other.

I have obferved jt growing near Baterfea, where it is now deftroyed; alfo on the middle of Woolwich Common,
where the Botanift may probably find it a hundred years hence. It flowers at the fame time as the Major.

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Cankgx Penvuta. PEsNpUvULOvs Carex.

Carex Lin. Gen. PL MowoECIiA TRnIANDRIA;

Masc. 1 phyllus.

o. Neéarium inflatum,

Cor. o. FEM. Amentum imbricatum.

3 dentatum.

Cal. 1 phyllus. Cor.

Germen triquetrum, intra neCtarium.

Rau. Syn. Gen. 28 HERBA GRAMINIFOLIZ NON CULMIFERJE IMPERFECTO SEU STAMINEO.

Carex fpicis femininis pendulis longiffimis, capfulis mucronatis ovatis. Haller.

hift. 1396.

Carex pendula, {picis fubfeffilibus pendulis, mafcula erecta, femineis cylindricis longiffimis, capfulis

fubrotundis acuminatis.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. % p. 411.

GRAMEN fpica pendula longiore et anguftiore B. pm 6. Pr. 13. 7f. B. 11. 497.

GRAMEN cyperoides fpica pendula longiore. Parkins. 1267. Rati. Syn. p. 420. Many-{piked Cyperus-

graís with long pendulous heads.

RADIX perennis, non vero repens.

CULMUS tripedalis, ad orgyalem in folo lztiori etiam
accedit, triqueter, levis, fuperne ftriatus, fo-
liofus.

FOLIA femunciam lata, viridia abfque ullà glaucedine,

oris nervisque fubafperis, minute ferrulatis,

minus vero quam in multis aliis hujufce ge-
neris.

omnes pendule, fuprema e floribus mafculis
omnino compofita, craffa, bafi tenuior, fecun-
da et tertia feminez apice incraffate, ubi an-
drogynz, inferiores feminez, lineares, lon-

giffimz.

SPICZE-

Flores mafculi.
SQUAMUE ovato-lanceolate, acuminatz, e fufco pur-
purafcentes, concave, trinerves, fig. I.

STAMINA: FiLAMENTA tria, capillaria, demiífo pol-
line longitudine fquamarum; ANTHERE
lineares, quadrifulcatz, flavae. fig. 2. 3. 4.

Flores feminei.

SQUAM ut in maículo. fig. 5.

NECTARIUM inflatum, ovato oblongum, glabrum,
collo cóntra&o. fig. 6.

PISTILLUM : GzRMzN triquetrum, intra NeCtarium ;
STYLUus breviffimus; STIGMATA tria, filifor-
mia, pubefcentia. fig. 7. 8.

SEMEN unicum, ovato acutum, triquetrum.

«14644 446 AAA A AH HH Ar KE MELE LH HA EEE 64 6 16 FEKETE «em 6A 6A HELE ALG

ROOT perennial, but not creeping.

STALK three feet high, in a rich foil growing even
to the height of fix feet, three cornered
{mooth, at top ftriated, leafy. à

LEAVES half an inch broad, green without any glau-
cous appearance, fomewhat rough from being
finely fawed, but much lefs fo than many
others of this genus.

SPIKES: all of them pendulous, the uppermoft com-
pofed entirely of male flowers, thick, but
flender at its bafe, the fecond and third fe-
male, thick at top, with a mixture of male
and female flowers, the lower ones female
linear, and very long. i

Flowers of the male.

SCALES narrow-oval, running out to a long point, of
a brownifh purplecolour, hollow, with three
ribs. fig. 1.

STAMINA: three FirAwENTS very fine, on the
fhedding of the pollen becoming as long as
the ícales A ANTHERJE linear with four
grooves, and of a yellow colour. fe. 2, 2,

Flowers of th: female. d rus

SCALES as in the male. fig. 5.

NECTARY inflated, of an oval oblong fhape, fmooth
the neck contracted. jig. 6. à

PISTILLUM: Germen three cornered, within the
Ne&ary; STYLE very fhort; SriGMATA
three, thread-fhaped, and downy. fig. Fawn

SEED fingle, oval pointed, and three cornered.

We have here given for the firft, a figure and defcription of the Carex pendula, one of a numerous tribe of
plants, diftinguifhed not lefs by the fingularity of their fructification, than the difficulty which attends an invet
tigation of their feveral fpecies, from this difficulty the prefent plant may however claim a total exemption, for .
in whatever fituation it is found, its long, pendulous, female {pikes at once diftinguith it, thefe when young are
very flender, as the feeds ripen they become much thicker and cylindrical.

This elegant fpécies 1s found in great abundance in the moift hedges about Hamfead and Highgate, flowering

in May and ripening its feeds in June.

It is not applied fo far as our knowledge at prefent extends to any particular purpofes.

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HYDROCHARIS Lumzei. Gen, Pl. DiogciA. ENNEANDRIA, |
Masc. Spatha 2 phylla. Cal. 3 fidus. Cor. 3
ftylifera. Fam. Cal. 3 fidus. Cor. 3 petala.
polyfperma infera,

petala Filam. 3 interiora
Styli 6. Caps. 6 locularis;

HYDROCHARIS. Lime Syf. Vegeta. p. 746. Spec. Pl. 1466. FL Suecic. n. 914.

HYDROCHARIS. Haller. bif. 4. 1068.
NYMPHAEA alba minima. Bauh. f. 193.
MORSUS RAN/E Parkinfon. 1252.
MORSUS RANJAE Gerard. emac. 818.

STRATIOTES folio afari, femine votanti Rai. Syn. p. 290. The leaft white Water Lilly or Frog-bit,
Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed 2. p. 436.

Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. 5. 622.

RADIX : Flagellis in longum extenfis facile multiph-

catur hzc planta, nutrimentum hauriens per

radiculas albas, fibrillofas, in limum profunde
defcendentes.

FOLIA fex, five o&o, natantia, rotundato-reniformia,
carnofa, glabra, integerrima, fubpellucida,
venis paucis circularibus, plurimis tranfverfis
notata, fubtus rubella.

PETIOLI fpithamei, craffi, pellucidi, lineis plurimis
decuffati.

SPATH & in utraque fexu plurimz, radicales, ovate,
pellucidz, in mafculis etiam circa medium pe-
dunculi enafcuntur binz, flofculos tenellos,
inapertos quafi in veficà continentes.

PEDUNCULI longitudine petiolorum, erecti; mafculi
triflori aut quadriflori; feminei uniflori, craf-
fiores.

Mas. "e

CALYX: Perranruium triphyllum, foliolis ova-
tis, concavis, flavefcentibus, membranaceis,
patentibus. fig. 1.

COROLLA: Perava tria, alba, plana, rugofula, te-
nerrima, bafi flava.

STAMINA: FILAMENTA novem, in tres ordines dif-
pofita; quorum intermedius ordo ftipitem fu-
bulatum e bafi fua interiore, ftyli ad inftar
exferit, et 1n centro collocat, Duo reliqui or-
dines bafi connectuntur, ut internum et ex-
ternum cohzreat filamentum ; ANTHERA
fublineares, biloculares, flavze. fig. 2.3.4. 5.6.7.

PISTILLUM : GzaMiNISs rudimentum in centro. f. 8,

Femina.
CALYX: PERIANTHIUM ut in mare, fuperum.

COROLLA ut in mare.

PISTILLUM : Germewn fubovatum, inferum : 9STvr1
fex, longitudine calycis, patentes, compreffi,
bifido-canaliculati; STiGMATA bifida, acu-
minata. fig. 9. I1 1.

NECTARIUM : G/andule tres, flavae, germen coronant.

fig. 10. >
PERICARPIUM: CarsurA coriacea, fubrotunda,
fexlocularis.
SEMINA numerofa, minima, fubrotunda.

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ROOT: this plant eafily multiplies itfelf by means of
runners which fhoot out to a great length,
and is fupported by long fibrous roots, which
penetrate deep into the mud.

LEAVES fix or eight, fwimming, of a roundifh kid-
ney fhape, flefhy, fmooth, perfectly entire,
fomewhat tranfparent, marked with a few
circular but numerous tranfverfe lines, reddifh
underneath.

LEAF STALKS fixor feven inches long, thick, tranf-
parent, having numerous crofs' bars.
SHEATHS in both fexes numerous, next the root, oval,
and tranfparent, in the male plant alfo a pair
grow out about the middle of the flower ftalk
which contain the tender unopen'd bloffoms

as in a bladder.

FLOWER-STALKS the length of the leaf falks, up-
right; the male producing three or four flow-
ers, the female one only, thicker in fize,

Male. —

CALYX: a PEn1ANTHIUM of three leaves, which are
oval, concave, yellowifh, membranous and
Ípreading. fig. 1.

COROLLA: three, white, flat Petals a little crumpled,
very tender, and yellow at bottom.
STAMINA: nine Firaments, difpofed in three rows,
of which each in the middlemoft puts out
from its bafe on the infide a ftyle like fubftance
which is placed in the center of the flower.
The two other rows are conneéted at bottom
fo that the internal and external filament ad-
here together; ANTHER#® yellow, nearly li-

near, with two cavities. fic. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. S

PISTILLUM ; the rudiment only of a GERMEN in the

center. fig. 8.
Female.

CALYX: a Perianthium as in the male, placed above
the Germen.

COROLLA as in the male.

PISTILLUM : GERMEN fomewhat oval, beneath the
calyx; STYLEs fix, the length of the calyx,
{preading, flat, forked and channel’d ; Stric-
MATA forked and pointed.

NECTARY : three yellow Glands crown the germen.

SEED-VESSEL,: a roundith, leathery Capfule, with
fix cavities.
SEEDS numerous, very minute, and roundifh.

Mos of the deep ditches with a muddy bottom, having a flow current of water, and which abound in the
vicinity of the Thames, have their furface cover'd with this plant in Autumn, at which period its blofloms

which are uncommonly delicate make their appearance. .

The leaves and indeed the whole ftru&ure and oeconomy of the Frog-bit is exceedingly curious, and defer-

ving the minute attention of the inquifitive Botanift.

Its particular ufes we feem at prefent unacquainted with.

Ray mentions a variety of it with fweet, double flowers, growing in a ditch at the fide of Audrey Cau/ey

near a wooden bridge in the Ifle of Ely.

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Hypnum PURUM Mrapow Hypnum.

HYPNUM Lin. Gen. Pl, CayeroGAMIA Musct.
— Anthera operculata, Ca/yptra levis, Filamentum laterale ortum e perichztio.
Raii Syn. Gen. 3. Musci. |
HYPNUM purum farculis pinnato-fparfis fubulatis, foliis ovatis obtufis conniventibus. Lin. Syff. Vegetab.
p. 108. Sp. Pl. 1594. FI. Suecic. 1031.
HYPNUM ramis terctibus, foliis ovato lanceolatis, fetis prelongis, capfulis inclinatis, ariftatis.
HYPNUM purum. Scopoli FI. Carniol. n. 1326.
HYPNUM cupreffifórme vulgare, foliis obtufis. Dillen muje. p. 309 fig. 45.
MUSCUS fquamofus cupreffiformis. Vaillant Bot. parif. p. 138. n. 15. Tab. 28. f. 3.
HYPNUM terreftre ere&um, ramulis teretibus, foliis inter rotunda et acuta medio modo fe habentibus.

Rai. Syn. 81.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. b. $04.

Lightfoot Fl. Scot. p. 753.

STALKS roundifh, fomewhat upright, fimple or

branched, fcaly, fhining, the tops generally
: thicken'd.

SMALL BRANCHES numerous, irregularly pinnated,
tapering, generally bent back.

LEAVES ovate, obtufe, but terminated by a fhort point
orawn, convex on one fide and concave on
the other, tender, fhining, numerous, laying
clofely one over the other, of a pale green
colour. fig. 1. magnif.

PEDUNCLES not unfrequent with us in the month

of November are from one to two inches in
length, upright, below of a bright red colour,
above yellowifh, a little crooked and fhining.

PERICHA:TIUM oblong, fcaly, fcales upright, lan-
ceolate and prefs'd to the bulb. fig. 2.

CAPSULES when full grown are fomewhat ovate, and
a little nodding fig. 5. 8. Calyptra membranous,
fmooth, at frit upright fig. 4. foon falling off
Jig. 33 Operculum thort and conical fig. 6. 7 ;
the outer C///e numerous, tapering, fome-
what rigid and of a reddifh brown colour, the
the internal ones connected by a membrane
and converging to a point; Pollen or feed of a
greenifh colour. fig. 10.

CAULES teretiufculi, fubereQi, fimplices feu ramofi,
{quamofi, nitentes, apicibus plerrumque craf-
fioribus.

RAMULI pinnato-fparfi, teretiufculi, fubulati, plerum-
que recurvi. .

FOLIA ovata, obtufa, mucronata, convexo concava,
tenera, nitida, denfe imbricata, adprefla, pal-
lide virentia fig. 1. auc.

PEDUNCULI nobifcum non raro occurunt menfe
Novembri, unciales et biunciales, erecti, infer-
ne ruberrimi, fuperne flavefcentes, parum
flexuofi, nitidi.

PERICHATIUM oblongum, fquamofum, fquamz
ere&ze; lanceolate, adpreffz. fig. 2.
CAPSULZ adultz fubovatz, parum nutantes; fig.

5. 8. Calyptra membranacea, levis, primo
erecta fig. 4. cito caduca fig. 3. Operculum breve,
conicum, fig. 6. 7; Cilie, externz plurimze,
fetacez, rigidula, rufefcentes ; interne mem-
brand connexa, apice convergentes; Pullen

feu Semen vireícens. fig. 10.

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THE Hypnum purum. has been confidered as producing its Fructifications but fparingly, yet if it be examined
at the proper feafon of the year viz. in the month of November, the period of its greatett perfection, it will not be
found deficient in this refpe&, at that time its leaves are of a bright green colour, but as the plant advances they
change to a yellower hue than moft others.

DinLENIUs makes no mention of the Calyptra belonging to this mofs, from whence it would appear that like
moft other Botanifts he examined it at too late a period; in general thofe Capfules which have a fhort-Operculum
carry the Calyptra but a little while, as in the prefent plant, while thofe in which the operculum is long bear it
often to the falling off of the operculum itfelf as in the Bryum undulatum. .

This is one of the moft general Moffes we have, growing in woods, in paftures and by hedge fides univerfally, in
the former it is moft frequently found with its capfules, the oak of Honour Wood and the woods adjoining. pro-
duce it in this ftate at the time above mentioned in the greateft plenty ; being a mofs generally free from all impuri-
ties it is made ufe of by the anglers in Lancafhire and probably in other counties to {cour their worms iu. D.

bif. mufe. b. 310.

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Bryum suBULATUM. Áwr.sHAPED Bryum

BRYUM Lin. Gen. Pl. Cryprocamia Mvscir.

Anthera operculata. Calyptra levis. Filamentum e tubercule terminali
ortum, |

Rai Syn. Gen. 3. Musct.

BRYUM /ubulatum antheris ere&is fubulatis, furculis acaulibus. Lin. Sy/t. Vegetab. p. 797» Sp. Pl,
p. 1581. Fl. Suec. n. 99r.

BRYUM caule breviffimo, foliis lanceolatis, capfulis longiffimis, operculo praelongo. Haller. bifi. 1827.
BRYUM /ubulatum. Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 1304. |
BRYUM capfulis longis fubulatis. Dyll. Mujc. 350. f. 45. f. 16.

BRYUM ere&is longis ct acutis falcatis capitulis, calyptra fubfufca, foliis ferpylli pellucidis, Rai
Syn. 9%, Vail Bot. Par. $2253 f. 9.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. f. 4766
Lightfoot. Fl. Scot. b. 719.

1 Ue J :

ROOTS black, fibrous, a little branched.

STALKS nearly feffile, growing clofe together, fimple
or branched.

LEAVES ovato-lanceolate, fpreading, tranfparent, of
a pale green colour, moderately keel'd, ter-
minated by a fhort point, as magnified. fig. t.

PEDUNCULES an inch or more in heigth, of a pale
yellow colour, twifted when dry, furnifh'd
with an oblong bulb. fig. 2.

CAPSULES very long, cylindrical, fomewhat orange
coloured and crooked, fig. 3; thofe of the
preceding year ftraighter, of a purplifh brown
colour, from the mouth of which proceeds
a little trunk or horn compofed of the cilia
twifted into a tube, but loofe at top. Sige 6, 7,

RADICES nigra, fibrillofe, parum ramofz.

CAULES fubfeffiles, deníe coacervati, fimplices vel
ramofi.

FOLIA ovato-lanceolata, patentia, pellucida, pallide
viridia, modice carinata, mucrone brevi ter-
minata, ad lentem vila. fig. 1.

PEDUNCULI unciales et ultra, pallide lutefcentes,
ficci contorti, bulbillo prediti oblongo. fig:

2s

CAPSULAE prelonge, cylindracez, fubaurantiacz,
incurve. fig. 3, annotinz rectiores e fufco-
purpurez, e quarum ore egreditur trunculus
feu cornu, e ciliis in tubum contortis com-
pofitum, apice vero liberis. ffe. 6, 7, 8, 9;
Calyptra longitudine fere capfule, acumina-

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ta. ffg.4. 9, 9. Calyptra almoft the length of the
capfule, having a long point. fig. 4.
OPERCULUMA capfulà duplo brevior, acuminatum. $ OPERCULUM twice as fhort as the capíule and poin-
fg. 5.

ted. fig. 5.

FEW of the Moffes are fubje& to fo little variety, or more eafily difcovered than the Bryum fubulatum,
before it puts forth its capfules we are ftruck with the broadnefs of its leaves and their ftar-like expanfion ; as it
advances the capfules while covered by their Calyptras are untually long, pointed, and in general a little bent
whence it has acquired the Englith name of dw/-/haped, the capfule in its laft ftate after lofing both its Calyptra
and Operculum, is peculiarly diftinguifhed bv the protrufion of a fubftance from its mouth, of a whiter colour
than the body of the capfule, this fubftance when magnified is found to confift of a number of threads or
filaments forming a thin fpiral tube, yet loofe and unconnected at top, fee fig. 7, 8, 9, the tube is formed
before the operculum falls off, for its {piral line may be obferved through the tranfparent operculum when it is
ina young ftate: DirrEwivs ufing a {mall magnifier, has not done juftice to this very fingular and curious
character.

This Mofs is not uncommon on banks furrounding woods, alfo in fhady lanes; I have obferved it in great
plenty ona bank onthe right hand fide as you enter Sbirley-Common, pafling through Shirley from Croydon, alfo
about Charlton and Coombe Woods.

It produces its Capfules in February and March.

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Bryum ARGENTEUM. Sitver Brayum.
BRYUM Lin. Gen. Pl. Crvprocamia Musct. )
Anthera operculata. Calyptra lewis. Filamentum e tuberculo terminali orturm
Rait. Syn. Gen. 3. Musct.
BRYUM argenteum antheris pendulis, furculis cylindricis imbricatis levibus. Liz. Syf. Vegetal. p. 789.
Sp. Pl. 1586. P. Suecic. s. 1008.
BRYUM caulibus teretibus, capfulis ovatis acuminatis pendulis. Haller. bif. 1821.
BRYUM argenteum. Scopo. P]. Carn. n. o | |
BRYUM pendulum julaceum argenteum et fericeum. Dill. mufc. 392. t. 56. f. 62.
MUSCUS {quamofus argenteus, erica folio. Vaillant. paris. 134. t. 26. f. 3.
MUSCUS minimus e viridi argenteus, capitulis oblongis cernuis. Mori. Diff. 3. p. 627. £. 15. t. 6. £. 17.

Confertim nacitur, cauliculis feffilibus, in ramulorum
aliquot furculos teretes, (duarum trium li-
nearum) divifis.

FOLIA ovata-lanceolata, acuta, pilo terminata, qua-
druplici alterna ferie difpofita, tam ar&e cauli
appreffa funt, ut nonnifi per lentem diftingui
pofünt, pilis creberrimis, fericeis, argenteis.

Stalks growing clofe together and feffile, dividing into
round furculi two or three lines in length.

Y
Y
:
¥ LEAVES oval pointed, terminated by a hair, difpofed
: in an alternate quadruple row, {fo clofely
i preffed to the ftalk, as to be fcarce vifible.
Y without a magnifier, the hairs exceedingly
; a: numerous, filky, of a filver colour. —
PEDUNCULI circa hiemem furgunt e bafi cauliculo- € PEDUNCLES arife from the bottom of the ftalks, a+
rum, ab aliquot lineis ad femunciam longz, ; bout winter, from a few lines to half an inch
inferne purpurez, fuperne pallidiores. Y in length, below purplifh, above paler.
CAPSUL.JE ovatz, nutantes, lutez, verfus fetam ru- ¥ CAPSULES oval, pendulous, yellowifh, but near the
bicundz, quz ab initio virides, et rectz ante i peduncle reddifh, when young green, and up-
maturitatem fuere. Operculum breve, obtu- y right. Oferculum íhort, obtufe and of an o-
fum, aurantiacum. Ora ciliata, Calyptra e vi- Y range colour. Mouth ciliated, Calypira ofa
ridi fufca, quz nonnifi in junioribus capfulis 3 greenifh brown, and only vifible in the young
reperitur. + capfules,

It is not poffible in painting to do juftice to the filvery appearance which this little mofs ufually puts on, and
which in general obvioufly diftinguifhes it from all our other Bryums, this filvery hue it however lofes in fome
fituations and appears of a green colour, efpecially in moift fhelter'd places, where the leaves not only become
greener but laxer alfo and the furculi grow toa much greater length, in this ftate it is figured by DILLENIus
as a diftin&t fpecies, the furculi vary much likewife in their fhape fometimes becoming very fine and almoft
thread fhaped as reprefented at fig. 2. 3. | n

The Bryum argenteum produces its Capfules as early as December and January, and this their early appear-
ance is one reafon why they are not not fo often found as fome others, but added to this it does not produce
fru&ifications fo plentifully as fome other Bryums, large patches of it being often found perfectly barren.

It is very common on Walls and Banks.

Fig 1. to 7. reprefent it of its natural fize in its various ftates, fig 8. to 12 magnified.

BryvuM C2ASPITICIUM MATTED BryumM.

BRYUM ce/piticium antheris pendulis, foliis lanceolatis acuminato-fetaceis, pedunculis longiffimis.
Lin. Syfl. Vegetab. 5. 799. Sp. Pl. p. 1586. FI. Suecic. 1010.
HYPNUM foliis ovato-lanceolatis ariftatis patulis, capfulis ovatis obtufis pendulis. Haller. bifl. 1790.
BRYUM pendulum ovatum cefpiticium et pilofum, feta bicolori. Dill. Mufc. 396. tab. 50. f. 66.
MUSCUS capillaceus minimus, capitulo nutante, pediculo purpureo. Vaill. paris. 134. t. 29. f. 7.
MUSCUS trichoides capitulo parvo reflexo, pediculo ima medietate rubro, fumma luteo-viridi. Moris.

H. Ox, Ill. p. 629. f xv. t. 6. f. xv. Ran. Sym p. 100. n. 44.

STALKS growing clofely together, form broad turfs
particularly on walls and gravelly fituations.

CAULICULIS in denfos czfpites congeftis, lata ftrata
efficit, fupra muros imprimis et in terra gla-
reofa. fig. 3.

SURCULI ipfi breves, et ad aliquot tantum lineas fu-
per terram eminentes, fig. 1. 4. fubramofi,
inferius multo tomento fufco obfiti.

o * 2M

SURCULT themfelves fhort, raifed a few lines only
above the earth, fomewhat branched, fe; i. 4.
below cover’d with a brown wooly kind of
fubftance.

LEAVES ímall, clofely compacted, oval pointed, ter-
minated by a grey hair, of a pale yellowifh
green colour, filky, fhining ; under a magni

Y
i
Y
M
Y
Y
1
i
:
FOLIA exigua, denfe congefta, ovato lanceolata, pilo ¥
incano terminata, pallide e luteo viridia, feri- i
cea, fplendentia, fub lente in humida planta y
pellucida. fig. 14. 16. ¥ fier, in the moift plant tranfparent. fig. 14. 167
PEDUNCULI unciales, fg. 5. inferne purpurez, fu- i PEDUNCLES about an inch in length, fe. 5. below
perne lute, e furculorum annotinorum ro- $ purple, above yellow, proceeding from the
fula terminali prodeunt, fig. 1. inter ramulos, : top of the laft years furculus fig. 1. between
five potius furculos juniores, bulbillo inftruc- $ the branches or rather younger furculi, fure
fis o con Y nifhed with a {mall bulb. jig. 2.
CAPSULA ex ovato-cylindrica, ab initio erecta fig. 7. : CAPSULE ofan oval cylindrical form, at firft upright.
tenuior, deinde fenfim craflefcens, pendula, t Jig. 7. flender, afterwards becoming gradually
fig. 8.9, 11. fublutea, operculo te&a papilli- i thicker and pendulous, fig. 8, 9, 11. of a yel-
formi, miniato, nitido, quo fecedente ora ap- y lowifh colour, coverd with a ímall, fhort,
paret ciliata. fig. 12. Y prominent red and fhining operculum, which
E . falling off the mouth appears ciliated. fig. 12.
€ CALYPTRA on the young capfules upright, fender,
¥ conical, and of a pale brown colour, in thote
i more advanced reddifh brown, and inclined to

one fide. fig. 7, 9, 9.

CALYPTRA in junioribus erecta, gracilis, conica, pal-
lide fufca, in adultioribus rufa, inclinata.

Jg. 7. 9 9.

+t

Tuts fpecies of Bryum is very commonly met with on Walls alfo on gravelly and fandy foils producing its

Capfules in February, March and April, it varies much in fize, in the fhape of, its leaves and the length of its
Surculi,

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Hypnum avuRIsCALPIUM. Fir HyvpNuvwv

HYDNUM Li. Gen, Pl. Cryptocamia Fuwcr.
Fungus horizontalis fubtus echinatus.
Rai. Syn. Gen. 1. Fune.
HYDNUM aurifcalpium füpitatum, pileo dimidiato. Lin. Syf. Vegetab. 5. 822. Spec. Plant. p. 1648. FL
Suecic. 1100. Lappon 524.
ECHINUS petiolo gracili laterali, pileolo plano obfcuro. Haller Hif. s. 2321.

ERINACEUS parvus hirfutus exfulvo fufcus, pileo femiorbiculari, pediculo tenuiore. Mich. Gen. [324
t. 72. ££; S.
FUNGUS erinaceus parvus in conis abietis nafcens. Buxb. Cent. 1. t. 57. f. 1.

FUNGUS erinaceus parvus pediculo longiore aurifcalpium referens buxei coloris. Buxb. ball. 129. t. 829.

ERINACEUS minimus aurifcalpium referens. Ce/s. Ups. 20. |

FUNGUS erinaceus efculentus parvus, pediculo longiore, aurifcalpium referens, buxei coloris, in ftrobilis
pini eveniens. Kram, tent. 146.

Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 5. 628.
Lightfoot Fl. Scot.

Rofes Elem. of Bot. app. t. 3.
Scheffer. Fung, tab. 143.

From the decayed cones or {mall branches of the fir
{prings this Fungus. | !

STALK from one to three inches in height, thicken'd
at bottom and fomewhat wooly, from thence
to the top gradually tapering and befet with
numerous, fhort, horizontal, and fomewhat
rigid hairs, which give it a manifeft rough-
nefs.

Ex ftrobilis feu ramulis emortuis pini nafcitur hic :
Y
Y
4
4
4
4
4
i

PILEUS magnitudine unguis indicis, plerumque di- : HEAD or cap the fize of the forefinger nail, in ges
4
4
4
4
Y
Y
4
$
4
4
i

Fungus. |
STIPES pollicaris feu bipollicaris, inferne incraffatus,
fublanuginofus, fuperne ad apicem fenfim
attenuatus, pilis numerofis brevibus, rigidulis,
horizontalibus fcabriufculis.

midiatus, rotundato-reniformis, horizontalis, neral halved, of roundifh kidney-thape,
fuperne planiufculus, fafciis luteis et fufcis horizontal, on the upper fide flattifh, marked
in orbem difpofitis notatus, hirfutus, demum with yellow and brown ftripes circularly dif-
nigricans, inferne canefcens, echinatus, jig. 1. difpofed, hirfute, finally becoming black, un-
Echini plurimi, conferti, acuminati, fimplices. derneath of a greyifh colour, and prickly,
NoD fig. r. Prickles numerous growing thickly

together, fumple, and running out to a. point,

Ju. 2-

SOME of the more antient Botanifts have given to this fpecies of Hyduum the name of aurifcalpium or ear-
picker, from its refemblance to the inftrument ufed for that purpofe, but it fhould be obferved that it is only when
young or fmall that it bears this refemblance.

Its habitat is on the half decayed branches, and cones of the Fir Tree, efpecially the latter, moft probably it is
not attached to any particular fpecies, the Cones on which I found it were of the Pinus fylveftris.

In the time of Mr. Rav, it was not known to be a native of Great Britain, of late years it has been found
by feveral inquifitive Botanifts in various parts of the Kingdom, as in Scotland by Mr. Licutroor, near Norwich
by Mr. Rose, and in a {mall pine wood oppofite to, and by the road only feparated from Lord MamsrriErLp's
Houle near Hampflead by Mr. Dixon, and from which wood the {pecimens here reprefented were taken.

The fifth of O&ober 1780, I found a great number of them in the faid wood in the greateft perfeGtion, they
grew in the moift part of the wood out of the cones buried under the dead leaves.

In its ufe it does not appear to be very important, at leaft immediately to us, KRAMER applies to it the epithet
of efculenius, but of all the Fungi this is the leaft proper for eating, as it is not only {mall in quantity but
biting to the tafte, and tough as leather.

To the Student it affords a very good example of the Genus Hydnum.

190

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AGARICUS GLU TINOSUS. SLIMY Mosunoow.

AGARICUS Li Cu. PL Funct:

Fungus horizontalis, fubtus lamellofus.

Raii. Syn. Gen. 1. Funct.

AGARICUS glutinofus pileo hemifphaerico ftramineo viícido, lamellis horizontalibus, annulo obfoleto,

FUNGI pratenfes minores, externe vifcidi, albi et lutei, pediculis brevibus, Ra Sym p. 7. 2 ?

—

STIPES plerumque folitarius, fubinde multiplex,
bipollicaris ad palmarem, craflitie pennae
coracis, filiformis, albidus, pene folidus,
tubo. minimo, glutinofus.

ANNULUS paulo infra pileum obfoletus.

iJLEUS uncialis, ad biuncialem, ftramineus, in adultis
hemifphzricus, femper convexus, et glutine
plus minufve obductus, pluviis madefactus
magis fufcefcit, et diaphanus evadit, unde
ftriatus aliquando apparet.

STALKS generally fingle, fometimes cluftered, from,
two to four inches in height, the thicknefs of
a crow quill, thread-fhaped, whitifh, almoft
folid, the tube being very fmall, glutinous.

RING a little below the cap, fcarce perceptible.

CAP from one to two inches in breadth, of a ftraw
colour ; in the full grown ones hemifpherical,
always convex, and more or lefs glutinous,
wet with rain it becomes browner and tranf-
parent, fo that it fometimes appears as if
ftriated,

GILLS numerous, fingle, of a brownifh purple colour,
clouded, whole ones about twenty, horizon-
tal, fig. 1. three fhorter ones placed betwixt
them jig. 2. 3. they throw out a Powder of
a brownifh purple colour.

Fig. 5. a {mall piece of the gill magnified, in which
are fhewn the Cap/ules which contain the
{ceds placed four together,

LAMELL/Eplurimz, fimplices, e fufco purpurafcentes,
nebulofa, integris circiter 20, horizontalibus,
fig. 1. tribus brevioribus interpofitis, fig. 2. 3.
Pulverem effundunt e fufco purpuraícentem.

Fie. s. Fruftulum lamella vitro audum, exhibens Cap-
NS * " "arab
falas icminiferas quaternas.

d A4 44 p e AA AAA DY De ED OF SEES S6

Lithologia mibi criflas non eriget, fays LiNN vs in the preface to his mineralogy; he might with equal pro-
priety have applied the fame expreffions to himfelf refpecting the Fungi, as in the laft edition of his Syfema vege-
vabilium we are prefented with no more than twenty-four fpecies of Jgarici Stipitati, or Mufhrooms with ftalks :
‘{reHELI on the contrary has given us Six-hundred and thirty-four; Ray in the third edition of his Sysop/is has
üfty-feven {pecics, fourteen of which are added by DirLENIUS; GrLEDITSCH who has written a particular trea-
ife on the F'ungz, reduces the Zgarici to thirty-two fpecies, but informs us that there are one hundred and twenty
snore, involved in much obfcurity; Scopori deícribes one hundred and fourteen, and HALLER one hundred and
thirty four; Mr. Hupson in the laft edition of his F/ora Anghca enumerates forty fix, and Mr. Ligurroor accu-
xately deferibes twenty in his Flora Scotica ; and yet amidft all thefe enumerations and defcriptions, {carce any
two of them are agreed about the fame Fungus; of the hundred and fourteen deferibed by Scosor: there are
only eleven which have the names of Linnaus, the procerus of ScoPoLr is the annulatus of Lion room, the
weriaceus of lacarrrooT is the pratenfis of Hupson, while the coriaceus and pratenfis of Scorori differ from
both theirs.

Amidft this confufion of Authors, arifing partly from the intricacy of the fubje&, and partly from their inatten-
tion to fpecifte charagters, we fhall be often obliged to be fparing in our fynonyms, and occafionally find it necef-
dary to introduce a new name asin the prefent inftance.

Although the Fungus here figured is a very common one, we are not able with abfolute certainty to fay that
átiscither in Rav, Liannaus, ScoroLr, Ligurroor, or Hupson, the name of g/u£inofus is therefore given it, as
it always is more or lefs flimy, and which fliminefs is not confined to the upper part of the cap, but extends to
she ftalk : this character joined to the roundnefs of the cap, and the horizontal appearance of the gills, which
form a ftraight line from the edge of the Cap to the ftalk, wil} always readily diftinguifh this Mufhroom.

‘The Cap varies in fize from two lines to two inches in diameter, and the ftem from one to four or five in
height, the ufual colour of the cap is of a pale ftraw colour, fometimes inclined more to the yellow, and fome-
times more to a dirty brown, efpecially when wet; it is gradual in its decay, not quickly diffolving as fome do, nor
drying up hike others. |

It moft commonly grows fingly, but fometimes fprings up in clufters, efpecially on thofe fpots where dung
has been thrown.

Its place of. growth is in expofed, and elevated paftures, efpecially fuch as are moift, it may indeed be found
in moít meadows, and fometimes in great abundance, the particular places where I have been accuftomed to find
it plentifully, are on Peckbam-Rye, and in the paftures about the Oak of Honour Wood, alfo in the pafture one
afcends, before entering Hornfey-Wood, going from Ilington.

About the latter end of O&ober they are moft plentiful, but may be found earlier as well as later.

» | i j
"There is nothing acrimonious or difagrecable in the tafte of it, yet its appearance will not recommend it to
the lovers of Mufhrooms.

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AGARICUS PLICATILIS. — PLAITED MusHroom.

AGARICUS Lin. Gen. Pl. CavrrocAMtA Funct. -
Fio iddiblircdtilis, fubtus lamellofus.
Rai. Syn. Gem 1. FuxGr. : EISE CE
AGARICUS plicatilis ftipitatus, pileo campanulato feu plano, murino, pellucido, plicato.
AGARICUS crenulatus membranaceus coerülefcens:fulcatus, centro papillari, cet exili. Muller. Fi.
n ata ts Say ae M eee ea a an co
FUNGUS perpufillus, pediculo oblongo, pileolo tenui, utrinque ftriato, fen flabelli ^ modum plicatili

Raij. Syn. p. 8. n. 24?

Batarr. Fung. Tab, 27. B. C.

STIPES folitarius, in adultis biuncialis et ultra, mag-.% STALKS fingle, in thofe which are full grown two
nitudine culmi triticei minoris, erectus, teres, _ inches or more in height, the fize of a {mall
filiformis, fiftulofus, levis, albus, tener. ; wheat ftraw, upright, round, of the fame:

Th kris eae he . thicknefs throughout, hollow, fmooth, white,

. and tender. | |

CAP when it firft fprings up is about the fize of the.
a kernel of a hazle nut, of a yellowifh brown

Y
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PILEUS cum primo erumpit nucleum nucis‘avellane Y
magnitudine zquat, e flavo-fufcus, vix ma- $

nifefte ftriatus, cito oblongo campanulatus Y colour, ícarce preceptibly ftriated,..it foon

evadit, ftri: fubundulatz magis luculenter i | . becomes of an oblong bell-fhape, the fmall

apparent, color in murinum incipit tranfire, Y .; ^. : furrows appear more evidently, are fome-

nunc adultus, forma in campanulatam muta- Y . ^ what waved, and the colour changes to grey

tur, mox evafura plana, uncialis feu fefqui- Í or moufe colour, now full grown, 1t becomes

uncialis, murinus, vertice plano, fufco feu ¥ more bell-fhaped, and afterwards appears

albido, tenellus, plicatus; cutis diaphanus, Y flat, is from an inch to an inch and half in

fne carne, fuperne farinà nullà adfperfus, $ diameter, of a moufe colour, tender, plaited,

faftigiis plicarum fubvillofis, peracta floref- Y the crown flat, brown or whitifh ; the fkin

centia margo invertitur et nigrefcit. i tranfparent, without any flefh, at top not

: Y fprinkled with meal, the ridges of the plaits

i | fomewhat villous, when the fru&ification is

¥

du

over, the edge becomes black and turns in.
LAMELL~ pauce, concolores, pulverem fubtilifimum ¥ GILLS few, of the fame colour as the cap, throwing
e czruleo-nigricantem effundentes. : | out a very fine powder of a blueifh-black
Y colour,

THE Mufhroom here figured in its feveral ftatesis one of thofe, whofe caps in decaying diffolve into a black
liquid, thefe in general are of fhort duration, and this being of fo thin and delicate a fubftance is particularly fo.
On the twelfth of September ten or,twelve of thefe of different ages made their appearance on a grafs plat in my gar-
den, and on the fixteenth no traces of them were to be fcen.

, Its ufual place of growth is in Paftures, Meadows, and Grafs Plats, in all of which it is not unfrequent in the
Months of September and October.

"The Cap is fo remarkably plaited, or fan-like, that we could not but prefer a name expreflive of fo characte-
riftic a circumftance to MurLERs term crenulatus, the Agaricus tenellus of Mr. Hupson approaches fo near to ours
from his defcription, that we fhould have confidered it as the fame, had not PLvkENETS figure quoted by him bees
very different.

200

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AGARICUS OSTREATUS. IUSHROOM,
AGARICUS Lin. Gen. P]. CavrrocAMIA FuNGI.
Fungus horizontalis, fubtus lamellofus.
Rau Syn. Gen. 1. Funct.

AGARICUS offreatus fabftipitatus, fafciculato-imbricatus; pileo cinereo obovato, margine involuto;
lamellis albidis decurrentibus; bafi fubanaftamofantibus.

AGARICUS oftreatus: “facquins Fl. Aufir, t. 104.

Menfibus Decembri et Januarii e truncis arborum pre-
fertim falicis nobifcum excrefcunt Fungi
icone annex4 illuftrati; plurimi plerumque
fimul erumpunt, imbricatim congefti, diu
manent et demum: exficcanturs

In the months of December and January the Fungi
iluftrated by the annexed figure, grow with
us principally out of the trunks of willow
trees; they üfually come forth in clufters
heap'd one on another, remain a confiderable

—. —. time and finally wither,

STALK : although the cap is for the moft part con-
nected to the trunk of the tree by its bafe,
yet in fome fpecimens the ftalk or part of a
{talk more evidently appears, cover'd with the

Ua ills which run down it.

CAP variable both im fize and fhape as is reprefented
on the plate, in the young ones convex,
{mooth, moufe coloured, blueifh, the edge
intire, rolled in; in the older ones flattifh,
or a little hollow, and brown; the bafein the
lower ones coverd with a white kind of
down ; flefh very white, thick; aud fweetifh

| to the tafte.

GILLS at firft white; afterwards of a reddifh ath co-
lour, numerous, thin, unequal, from two
lines to fix in breadth, decurrent, uniting fo
as to form a kind of network at bottom;
juteelefs.

STIPES ; etfi pileus trunco arboris utplurimiüri bafi
fui adne&itur nihilominus in quibufdam fpe-
ciminibus flipes feu pars ftipitis Magis lu-
culenter apparet, lamellis decurrentibus tec-
ta.

PILEUS magnitudine, e£ forma varius, ficut in icone,
in junioribus convexus, levis, rhurinus,
cerulefeens, margine integro, involuto, in
fenefcentibus planiufculus feu parum. conca-
vus; fufcus, bafi in inferioribus tomento ni-
veo obductà; caro albiffima, craíía, fubdul-
Cis. :

LAMELLAE primum albe, demum ex rufó-cinerez,
lurimgze, tenues, inzquales, a lineis duabus
ad fex late, decurrentes, bafi anaftomofantes,

exfucez.

We GA S AI Ae A eve KEKE LEE 44 4644 464444414 4644 4€44 44 44 46 eee

Confidering the fize and fingularity of this Mufhroom, andthat is by nó méans uncommon, it is matter
of furprize that it fhould have efcaped the notice of our Englifh Botanifts; one reafon perhaps may be affigned,
viz. that it makes its appearance later in the feafon than moft others * m December and January when the wea-
ther has been mild I have found it on the bodies of the old Willow Trees, in the neighbourhood of Saint Georges-
Fields ; Mr, Dickson has obferved it on the Elm, im Saint James's-Park, and JacóuiN from whom we bor-
row the name of ofreatus, defcribes it as growing out of the Walnut.

As this fpecies and another with a faoty ftalk which we propofe hereafter to figure, are almoft the only ones
that are found on trees fo late in the year, it cannot eafily be miftaken, tho’ like moft of the family it 1s given to fport;
in general it grows in clufters of three, fix, or more of different fizes, placed one over another, bearing a dif-
tant refemblance to oyfters, when young and perfect they are of a moufe colour with a bloom on them like
that of a plum, the edge is rolled in, the gills are white, decurrent, and beautifully anaftamofe at bottom, but
it is not in every fpecimen that this diftinguifhing character is obfervable, asit grows old the pileus turns up (vid.
uppermoft fig. on the plate) the gills become of a brownith colour, and frequently much waved, and the whole
withers on the tree, the two lowermoft figures on the plate reprefent the Fungus in its young ftate and fhew

both fides. |

To the fmell itis flightly fragrant, to the tafte mild, but in chewing tough.

27 b

Q pares OMPUMMUS

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ly

PuHarLus iMPUDICUS SriNKING MongsgrLi

PHALLUS Lim. Gen. P. Cryptocamia Funci, |. |
| Fungus fupra teticulatus, fubtus levis:

. Rad. Sym. Gen. 3. Funet | | A | ! | ( |
PHALLUS impudicus volvatus füpitatus, pileo cellulofo. Lins Syf. Vegetab. p. 822. Spec. Plant 1648:
n. ! IE odes A2 12:61
PHALLUS impudicus, Scopoli Fl. Carn. n. 1605:

FUNGUS foetidtis, pénis imaginem referens. C. B. pin. 374. 0 "S cue.
PHALLUS Hollanaicus Park. 1322. Ra. Sym. p. 12. Hudfon. Fl. Angl. ed. 2: p. 629. Lightfoot. Fl. Scot.
p. 1044. Fl, Dan. f. 175. Scheffer Icon. Fung. t: 196. 197. 198.

ciiam: E.

RADIX fibrofa; fibris majufculis, teretibus, albis,
paulo infra tertam repentibus, quibus hic
illic accrefcunt globuli albi, qui juftam mag-
nitudinem acquifiti; fupra terram eminent et

Volvee dicuntur. fig. i. 2.

ROOTS fibrous, the fibres large; round, white; creep-
ing a little under the furface of the earth, to
which grow here and there white globules or
tubercles, which when full grown project
above the furface of the earth and are called

Loe Mole OrmBogstot. 2,

EGGS roundith, a little flattened at the bafe, fmooth;
the fize of a tennis ball, white; heavy, covered
with an outer coat of a moderate thicknefs,
immediately under which lies a thick mafs
of tranfparent jelly of a yellowifh brown

Ier E Goloi A Ea rs. .

STALK: on the burfting of the egg the ftalk rifes up;
andis about the thicknefs of the thumb,
four inches arid more in height, a little crook-
ed, round; white, fpongy, hollow, very light

and pointed at both ends. fig. 6.

CAP fomewhat conical; fitting loofely on the ftalk, at
firít {mooth, folid, of án olive colour, and
flippery, íoon becoming highly fetid, the
cells being as yet filled with the matter con-
taining the feed, which flowing out or being
eaten by flies, the outer furfáce appears cel-
lular, the inner a little wrinkled, the top as
if cut off, very white oblong and open.
Jis Ae 7.8.

VOLVA fubrotunda, bafi paululum comptefla, levis,
magnitudine pile palmariz, alba, ponderofa,
tunica fatis crafíà exterius tecta, cul proxime
fubeft gelatina quzdam pellucida, flavo-fufca.

Jg. 3. 5.
STIPES: difrupta volva, exfurgit ftipes, craffitie pol:

licis, palmaris et ultra, paululum curvatus,
teres, albus, levis, fpongiofus, fiftulofus, utrin-
que acuminatus. fig. 6.

PILEUS fubconicus, ftipiti laxe infidens, primo levis,
folidus, olivaceus, lubricus, mox foetidiffimus,
cellulis materie feminiferà externe pofita
adhuc repletis, quà diffluente aut mufcis ex-
fucta, fuperficies externa cellulofa apparet,
interna parum rugofa, vertice truncato, albif-

fimo, oblongo, pervio, fig. 4. 7. 8.

IN the months of Auguft, September, and O&tober thisfingular Phenomenon of the Fungus tribe makes its ap-
pearance in. Woods; Hedgerows, and Hedges, in fome places abundantly, in others rarely, near London it has been
found in Coombwiood, and Norwood, but more plentifully in a fmall fir wood near the Spaniard Hampftead-heath,
before remarked for producing the Hydnum aurifcalbium s in this wood on the 24th of September 1780 I difcovered
near a dozen growing within à {mall {pace of each other, fome were full grown, others in their egg ftate, rifen
about half way out of the $roünd; aid when taken up appearing like fo many fmall tennis balls, vid. figs 23
feveral of thefe I carefully carried home, one which was in its greateft perfection my draughtfman for the fake of
more conveniently drawing took with him to the Spaniard (a place of entertainment on the fpot,) but the fetor
arifing from it quickly pervading every part of the houfe and rendering it intolerable we were obliged to get
rid of it. oW

On perpendicularly dividing with a fharp knife otie of thofe I had taken home, I was not more ftrück with the
beautiful appearance which the furface of each half exhibited, than the thick mafs of pure, tranfparent jelly, of
a brownifh yellow colour, depofited betwixt two membranes, immediately under the outer furface, and which
enveloped the fungus as yet in embryo. wid. fiz. 3.

On examining my Fungi in their egg ftate the next morning, I had the fatisfa&ion to obferve that in one of them;
the cap of the fungus had juft broke through its integuments, and was pufhing itfelf up through the jelly, I
thought this a proper opportunity of obferving how quick it wasinits growth, and found that from the time of
its breaking through the outer fkin (half paft eight o'elock) to the time that it acquired its full height a fpace
intervened of about five hours, in which time it had grown three inches and three quartets; an inftance of the
quicknefs of vegetation fcarce credible, and perhaps not to be equalled by any other plant. ——

The Cap on its firft coming forth, being covered with the jelly through which it had paffed» and being alfo of
a light olive colour but perfectly opake not unaptly refembled a lump of bird-lime. wid. fig. 45 this appearance it
retained 'till eleven o'clock, when in fome parts it became of a darker colour, at half paft twelve, the whole
outer furface of the cap was changed to a very dark olive, it now began to {mell very oftenfively, flies came iuto
the room and fettled on it, a little paft one, it began to diffolve, and drop off, and the cells containing this fub-
ftance about the top of it began to be vifible. fig. 7 ; it was now placed out of doors when the Pileus was alinoft
immediately covered with feveral fpecies of Flies moftly of the larger fort, who inftead of fticking to and perifhing
on it as related by Gledit/ch in about two hours left the cells perfectly empty wd, fig 8.

The difagreeable fmell arifing from the Phallus impudicus which alone is often fufficient to dete& it, and from
which it has acquired in fome parts of the kingdom the name of Stink-horns has ufually been compared to Car-
rion, and generally confidered as the effe&ts of its putrefaction to me the {mell appears to be altogether /uz
generis, and not to arife from putrefaction, at leaft a general putrefaction of the plant it firft arifes from the
fubftance lodged 1n the cells on the out-fide of the pileus, which conftitute the generic character of the Phallus,
and with which the feeds of this plant are doubtlefs incorporated; as foon as this fubftance begins to liquefy;
the effluvia is perceptible, at this time every other part of the plant is perfe&ly fweet, not excepting the
jelly which it muft be allowed afterwards acquires a difagreeable odour, apparently from its putrefacticn —=
the Flies allured by the effluvia from the pileus, do not fettle on it, to depofit their éggs as on the Stapelid
fetida or putrid meat, but merely to feed on it, and which they appear to do moft delicioufly ; fcarcely ever
fuffering a drop of the liquid to fall on the ground, whence this fpecies would foon become extin&, had not
provident nature fupplied it with a root which like the Potatoe throws out numeroüs offsetts,

This plant affords nourifhment not only to various fpecies of flies, but alfo to Snails and Slugs who are ex-
tremely fond of its ftem. 3

We may remark that the top of the cap has fometimes two perforations, inftead of one its ufual number,

pars

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ROSS qp 0 og OD S 9 eet qm o» os P DD OD 5 O0 5 9 5 s: SS 5s 0 sg

BREE o Pag oap ge Pp ge Ego gp Pec o E EE

INDEX,

In which the LixxzawN Names of the
Plants contained in the 1ft, 2d, and 3d
Fafciculi, are arranged Alphabetically.

10 Anthoxanthum odoratum

12 Aira aquatica -

praecox

22 Alopecurus myofuroides

23 Avena flaveícens

24 elatior
36 Anagallis arvenfis
4 tenella

49 ZEthuía Cynapium
54 Alfine media =
92 Agroftema Githago

106 Adonis autumnalis

1:3 Anemone nemorofa

Ed

(agreftis Lin.)

121 Ajuga reptans -
128 Antirrhinum Cymbalaria
129 — Elatine

131 ———- fpurium -
130 —- lAnariá

136 Arabis Thaliana
189 Arum maculatum

196 Atriplex haftata

197 Afplenium Scolopendrium

212 Agaricus ovatus

213 fimetarius
214. glutinofus
2d plicatilis
216 oftreatus

78 Adoxa Mofchatellina
19 Bromus mollis

— fterilis

— hirfutus

79 Butomus umbellatus
123 Betonica officinalis
137 Braflica muralis

170 Bidens cernua ;

175 Bellis perennis s

200 Bryum {coparium
— undulatum
202 ——— hornum
203 ——— truncatulum
— viridulum
205 ——— fubulatum
_ 206 ——— argenteum
207 ——— ceipititium
9 Circza lutetiana

42 Centunculus minimus

38 Convolvulus fepium
arvenfis

47 Conium maculatum
50 Chenopodium album

£2 — polyfpermum

53 —— — Bonus Henricus
83 Chryfofplenium oppofitifolium

93 Ceraftium femidecandrium

— viícofum
95 ——— vulgatum
96 ———— aquaticum

114 Caltha paluftris

138 Cardamine amara

171 Carduus marianus
190 Carex pendula -
26 Dipfacus pilofus .
27 — fylveftris
132 Digitalis purpurea
133 Draba verna

64 Epilobium hirfutum

65 villofum

66 ——— tetragonum
67 anguftifolium
68

-— montanum
69 Erica tetralix

— viride i

39 ——— pratenfis 2

Fafe.

L]
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176 Butterbur Ls]

AEN. 19 RB X

In which the Englifh Names of the
Plants are arranged Alphabetically.

«Jj
=

12 Aira water
113 Anemone wood
52 Allfeed "
104 Avens m-
125 All-heal e
19 Brome-Grafs foft ve
21 hairy ftalk'd — E
20 ———— barren -—
200 Bryum broom --
201 curled —
202 Íwan's neck —
263 —— ——— brown ! eu
204 green
205 awl-fhaped -
206 —— — filvery 1 -—

207 matted
156 Birds-foot-T'refoil common
71 Biftort common —

—

we — —

121 Bugle common —
6 Brook-lime e
191 Burnet ~ -
123 Betony wood x: M

25 Blinks = =
I41 Crane's-bill Hemlock-leav'd
ftinking or herb Robert
doves-foot common
mountain —
128 Cymbalaria ivy-leav'd —
54 Chickweed common É
39 Convolvulus large white

39 —— — field =
102 Cinquefoil common
107 Crowfoot round-rooted
upright meadow —
pale-leav'd -—
wood =
112 celery-leav'd
189 Cuckow- pint vo
177 Colts-foot —

go Campion red de

28 Cleavers common

92 Cockle =
190 Carex pendulous —
158 Claver =
155 Clover Dutch -
192 Cats-tail broad-leav'd
narrow-leav'd _
175 Daify common =
133 Draba vernal -—
116 Dead-Nettle purple
white =
165 Dandelion common

€0 Dock curl’d =
fharp pointed -
broad-leav'd E
63 narrow-leav'd =

31 Devil’s-bit —
127 Eye-bright red —
173 Erigeron purple =

9 Enchanters Nightfhade common
55 Elder dwarf —

56 Flax purging a

79 Flowering Ruth =
48 Fools-parfley _
129 Fluellin fharp pointed
round-leav'd
132 Foxglove purple -—
13 Fefcue grafs flote
147 Fumitory common
22 Foxtail-grafs field
57 Fritillary common -
195 Frog-bit =

md —

l

]
{
NR NWO WwW RH SB B o o9 dO PR DD M
Www M RPWOWW RHR MR oM C9 09 02 03 09 US. IN. I9 DIS RN HH eH PL OS D 8 m VO O9 S D DH H8 |
bys M Bom MUS m oW onm :

cinerea -—
98 Euphorbia Peplus ~
Heliofcopia -

127 Euphrafia Odontites a

135 Eryfimum Alliaria —
149 Ervum hirfutum e
— tetrafpermum
173 Erigeron acre pe

18 Feftuca fluitans =

57 Fritillaria Meleagris "x

tor Fragaria fterilis -

147 Fumaria officinalis =
28 Galium Aparine =

104 Geum urbanum RS

122 Glechoma hederacea 2

14r Geranium cicutarium

144 — pyrenaicum —
35 Hottonia paluftris =

41 Hedera Helix —
58 Hyacinthus non fcriptus
160 Hypericum pulchrum

161 ———— perforatum -

162 ———— hirfutum m
demere humifufum c
I64 ——-—- Androfemum

168: Hypocheris radicata =

— glabra =
195 Hydrocharis Morfus Rane

208 Hypnum proliferum =

— fericeum =
210 —-——— purum =
217 Hydnum aurifcalpium

11 iris Pfeudacorus =
59 Juncus campeftris ij
178 inula dyfenterica =
- pulicaria —
8 Lycopus europzus E
42 Lonicera Periclymenum
45 Lyfimachia Nummularia

JO Linum catharticum a
go Lychnis dioica E
PUE ed Flos cuculi Hs

97 Ly thrum Salicaria Lx

116 Lamium purpureum EN
117 —-——-— amplexicaule a

118 ——— album -

156 Lotus corniculatus

159 Lathyrus prateniis x

165 Leontodon Taraxacum

166 Lapfana communis = —
25 Montia fontana |
44 Myoftotis fcorpioides =

145 Malva fylveftris -

: rotundifolia =

157 Medicago lupulina —

—— arabica =

194 Mercurialis perennis —
89 Oxalis Acetofella -
148 Orobus tuberofus E.

185 Ophrys apifera -—

ovata =

187 Orchis mafcula =

Morio =

199 Ofmunda fpicant —

14 Poa annua = ae

rigida =
pratenfis —
trivialis -

29 Plantago lanceolata —

major —
102: Potentilla reptans -—
Anferina =
19r Poterium Sanguiforba

198 Polypodium vulgare

71 Polygonum Biftorta —
22 Perficaria. =
73 penfylvanicum

74 var: caul: macul:
75 Hydropiper

76 aviculare —
77 = minus -
211 Polytrichum fubrotundum
218 Phallus impudicus -
105 Papaver Rhoeas E
172 Picris echioides -

60 Rumcx crifpus | ~

— robertianum ha

MOOD Ne Hf H Hm Rom oM om IUS H Tq DD SO Wo DUO HEN H H|H M NW NW DH

II
178

33

136
110
29
3°
211
105
46

106 Pheatants-eye

Flag yellow
Fleabane common
Ímall -
Groundfel common

Golden Saxifrage common

. Ground-Ivy e

Goofefoot "nes
purple-jointed
Good King Henry
Harts-tongue -
Hemlock ome
Heath crofs-leav’d

fine-leav’d

a:

Hottonia water “2

Hypnum proliferous
filky

Honeyfuckle common
Henbit

Hyacinth Eug
Hawkweed long rooted
fmall flowered
Hydnum ear-picker
Houfeleek —

meadow Er

Hair-grafs early -—
Hemp-Agrimony Water

Hooded willow-herb common

Ivy ~ —
Knot-grafs cornmon
Ladies-fmock common |
== bitter

—

Loofeftrife purple-fpiked
Moufear-chickweed marth

. leaft

common

broad-leav'd
Marfh- Marygold
Moíchatel tuberous
Medick hop =
Meadow-grafs hard
Ímooth-ftalk'd
rough-ftalk'd
Mercury Dogs =
Mallow common
————- round-leav'd
Mufhroom Egg

———— pucker'd

———- ílimy a

— —— plaited —

Moneywort -—
Moufear-fcorpion-grafs
Morell ftinking

. Nipplewort E
Nightfhade woody
— garden —
Nettle hedge —
Orchis Bee -
—— early fpotted

— meadow
Orach iuge
NIU

Oat-grafs sator

Oxtongue =
Pimpernel common

— —— bo =

——— baftard =

Pink meadow —
Pea wood =
Poa common dwarf
Perficaria {potted leav'd
— pale flowered ,
— — — {potted ftalk’d
— —— biting =
— {mall creeping
Polypody common
Panfie wild =
Pearlwort upright

— procumbent

Podded Moufear
Pilewort —
Plantain narrow-leav'd
— common
Polytrichum dwarf

— tall i

— oyfter =

Poppy {mooth- M ete

Periwinkle {mall

Ll

I
I

— —
— —

——obtufifoliu

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- obtufifolium

65 ——— maritimus
107 Ranunculus bulbofus

108 hirfutus

HOO) Soe acris. —
110 ——— Ficaria =

III auricomus

112 fceleratus

31 Scabiofa fuccifa

a2 Sagina procumbens

erecta —

4o Solanum Dulcamara

nigrum

49 Scandix Anthrifcus
SE Sambucus Ebulus
2o Saxifraga granulata

tridactylites

84 Stellaria Holoftea
82 Saponaria officinalis
85 Sedum album —

86 acre —
87 dafyphyllum
88 'Telephium

Yoo Semperviv um tectorum
124 Stachys fylvatica

paluftris

126 Scutellaria galericulata
140 Sifymbrium fylveftre

7 *onchus oleraceus

174 Senecio vulgaris
11g Thymus Acinos

Serpyllum

134 Thlafpi Burfa-paftoris

151
152 fubterraneum
i53 fragiferum
154 agrarium

I55 — repens

176 Tuflago Petafites
| 37 TET ERI Farfara

192 Typha major E

46 Vinca minor -

2

3 vant
4 ———— hederifolia
5

6

- minor

j Veronica agreftis

chamedrys
ferpyllifolia

— arvenfis
Becabunga
officinalis

MÀ

115 Verbena officinalis
180 Viola odorata T

181 hirta
182 canina
183 tricolor
184 paluftris

acutus diis

'Trifolium ornithopodioides

|
l
We D m Ho MUS m I I t o9 9 HOS 09 KH NOW p. ED. DP BN m o d 3 C2 OO COW OH HN PD YN DN HOH m Td m POW D T YN HD HOD 03 03
5 »

— —— male
7 Sowthittle common

~ _ 59 Ruth hairy field -
-— — 137 Rocket ftinking :
L = I 40 — Water —
-— — 98 Spurge {mall garden -—
— — 99 fun = =
— — 160 St. John's-wort fmall upright
= 161 -— common
-— — 162 hairy -— =
E a 163 trailing —
- -— 49 Scandix rough-feeded i
= — 80 i Oe white -—
— — 9r — rue-leav'd =
— — 85 Stenzel white flowered
— — 86 —common yellow
= = 87 — thick-leav'd ay
+ -— 134 Shepherds-purte -—

Speedwell procumbent garden

——— geimander-leav'd
~———-- {mooth-leav’d
ivy-leav'd

wall -—-

Spleenwort rough
Sauce-alone -—
Stitchwort greater
copewort -—
strawberry barren
Silver-weed -—
Tine-tare rough-podded
——— {mooth podded
Teafle {mall —
— wild

—

Toadflax common yellow
'Thyme Bafil =

Trefoil fubterraneous
—— birds-foot true
Strawberry

——- hop =
Twayblade =
Thifile milk i

Tutfan

— wild zs

Vernal-grafs m Ícented

Vervain ub
Violet fweet-fcented
hairy zm
Logs ae

Hm Bog E
Vetchling yellow
Wood forrel -

Willow-herb large- werddi

—— hoary »
——— {quare-ftalk’d
rofebay E
wood

Water- send

=

E

" Ww B D b B hl US U) im iH HM oH MOSS CO C9 FD I dodo HH Ho O9 Vo i HD BS B D OS BD DH Hom ROO HI oH l)e HU O9 HK EN

General INDEX to.the Plants of the Firft, Second, and Third Fafcicult,

as arranged according to the Syfiem of LINN AUS.

Plate

Dranprra MONOGYNIA.

1 Veronica agreftis

2,
d E V
4
5
6
7
8
9

---- Chamedrys
——---- ferpyllifolia
——---- hederifolia
—— —--- arvenfis
——--- Becabunga
--- officinalis
Lycopus europzeus
Circa lutetiana

13 —— pracox

Plate Plate
Dranpria Dicynia. 14 Poa annua
15 ——~rigida
10 Anthoxanthum odoratum r6 pratenfis
17 trivialis
Trianpria Monocynia. 18 Feftuca fluitans
19 Bromus mollis
1I Iris Pfeudacorus 20 -- fterilis
21 --- hirfutus
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. 22 Alopecurus myofuroides
23 Avena flavefcens
12 Aira aquatica 24 Avena elatior

Plate
'TRIANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
2; Montia fontana
TETRANDRIA MoNOGYNIA.
26 Dipfacus pilofus
25 ————. Íylveftris
28 Galium Aparine
29 Plantago lanceolata
40 ———— major
31 Scabiofa Succila
2 Centunculus minimus
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA.
33 Sagina procumbens
34 erecta
PenTranpria MoNOGYNIA.
35 Hottonia paluftris
5 Anagallis arventis
37 - tenella
38 Convolvulus fepium
39 ————— arvenfis
40 Solanum Dulcamara
nigrum
42 Lonicera Periclymenum
43 Hedera Helix
44 Myofotis fcorpioides paluft.
45 Lyfimachia Nummularia
46 Vinca minor
PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA.
47 Conium maculatum
48 Aithufa Cynapium
49 Scandix Anthrifcus
£o Chenopodium album

m - viride
52 polyfpermum
53 - Et Bonus Henricus

PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
54 Alfine media
55 Sambucus Ebulus
PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.
56 Linum catharticum
HexaANDRIA MoNoGYNIA.
7 Fritillaria Meleagris
© Hyacinthus nontcriptus
g Juncus campeftris
HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
60 Rumex crifpus

61 obtufifolium
62 acutus
63 maritimus

OcrANDRIA MoNOGYNIA.
64 Epilobium hirfutum

65 —- villofum

66 —-——--- tetragonum
67 —- anguftifolium
68 —-montanum

69 Erica tetralix

cinerea,
OcTANDRIA DIGYNIA.

71 Polygonum Biftorta

72 = —-- Perficaria
73 — penfylvanicum
74 ——————- var. caule maculato

75 ——-- Hydropiper
76 ——-- aviculare
2 minus
OcTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA.
78 Adoxa Mofchatellina
ENNEANDRIA HEXAGYNIA.
79 Butomus umbellatus
DEcaAmDpRIA Dicynia.
80 Saxifraga granulata
81 = -- tridactylites
82 Saponaria officinalis

83 Chryfofplenium oppofitifolium

DECANDRIA TRIGYNIA.
84 Stellaria Holoftea
DECANDRIA PENTAGYNI Ae
85 Sedum album .
86 - acre
87 — dafyphyllum.

NUM

Plate
88 ——-— Telephium
89 Oxalis Acetofella
go Lychnis dioica
- Flos cuculi
92 Agroftema Githago
93 Ceraftium femidecandrium
94 ———— vifcofum
— vulgatum
6 ————— aquaticum
DopecanpDria MonoGynia.
97 Lythrum Salicaria
DoDECANDRIA 'lRIGYNIA.
98 Euphorbia peplus
99 ———— Heliofcopia
DoDECANDRIA DopECAGYNIA.
100 Sempervivum tectorum
IcosANDRIA POLYGYNIA.
tot Fragaria fterilis
102 Potentilla reptans
103 —Anferina
104 Geum urbanum
PorLrvyaNpbRIA MoNoGYNIA.
rog Papaver Rhoeas
PoLYANDRIA PoLYGYNIA.
106 Adonis autumnalis
i07 Ranunculus bulbofus

108 — —-—--- hirfutus
109 --—— ACTS

II0 ——— —-——— Ficaria
IDHD o ——— auricomus
II2 {celeratus
113 Anemone nemorofa

114 Caltha paluftris
DIpyYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.

Verbena officinalis

II.

one Lamium purpureum
117 - amplexicaule
118 - album

119 Thymus Acinos

120 —- Serpvllum
121 Ajuga reptans

122 Glechoma hederacea

123 Betonica officinalis

124 Stachys fylvatica

125 paluftris

126 Scutellaria galericulata
DipynaMia ANGIOSPERMIA,

127 Euphrafia Odontites

128 Antirrhinum Cymbalaria

129 Elatine
130 ———— Linaria
131 fpurium

132 Digitalis purpurea
TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA.

133 Draba verna

134 Thlafpi Buría paftoris
TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.

135 Eryfimum Alliaria

136 Arabis thaliana

137 Braffica muralis

138 Cardamine amara

139 - pratenfis

140 Sifymbrium fylveftre
MoNADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

141 Geranium cicutarium

142 robertianum
143 —— molle
144. pyrenaicum

MoNADELPHIA PoLYANDRIA,
145 Malva fylveftris
146 —-——-— rotundifolia
DraApErLPHIA HEXANDRIA.
147 Fumaria officinalis
DrapEr?HiA DECANDRIA.
148 Orobus tuberofus
149 Ervum hirfutum
150 —-——-— tetrafpermum
151 Trifolium ornithopodioides
152 ———— fubterraneum
153 ——— fragiferum

Plate

154 —-——— agrarium
155 ——- repens
156 Lotus corniculatus
157 Medicago lupulina
158 arabica

159

Lathyrus pratenfis

PoLYADELPHIA PoLYANDRIA.¥

160

SYNGENESIAPOLYGAMIA QUALIS.

105
166
167
168
169
170
p»

172

SYNGENESIA PoLYGAMIA SUPERS

173
174

195
196

197
198
199

200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211

212

212
214
215
216
217
218

Hypericum pulchrum

— perforatum
— ————hitfuütuim
—— ——— — humifufum
—— — —-— Androfazernum

Leontodon Taraxacum
Lapíana communis
Sonchus oleraceus
Hypocherris radicata
—dglabra
Bidens cernua
Carduus marianus
Picris echioides

FLUA.
Erigeron acre
Senecio vulgaris
Bellis perennis
Tufhilago Petafites
— Farfara
Inula dyfenterica
pulicaria
SYNGENESIA MONOGAMIA.
Viola odorata
hirta
canina
tricolor
-——— paluftris
GYNANDRIA ÜIANDRIA,
Ophrys apifera
—— —--— ovata
Orchis mafcula
— Morio
GYNANDRIA PoLYANDRIA.
Arum maculatum
Monogcra 'l'RIANDRIA.
Carex pendula
Monokcrta PoLYANDRIAse
Poterium Sanguiforba
Typha latifolia
— anguftifolia
DioEc1a ENNEANDRIA,
Mercurialis perennis -
DrioECrA MoNADELPHIA.
Hydrocharis Morfus Rane
PorvcAMiA MoNOoECIA.
Atriplex haftata
CRvPTOGAMIA FILIices<
Aíplenium Scolopendrium
Polypodium vulgare
Ofmunda fpicant
CnvPTOGAMIA Musci.
Bryum fcoparium
undulatum
hornum
truncatulum
— viridulum
fubulatum
Bryum argenteum
cefpititium
Hypnum proliferum
Íericeum
urum
Polytrichum fubrotundum
CryYPTOGAMIA FuNG!,
Agaricus ovatus
— fimetarius
— glutinofus
— plicatilis
——-— offreatus
Hydnum aurifcalpium
Phallus impudicus

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