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PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
(3n Birds from Lu/j.n, Mindoru, Masbate. Ticnn, Cuyn, Cu
Capivan Sulii. and Palawan
l:h lUcHMiH,'. Mi
BULLETINS
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
On Birds from Luzon, Mindofo, Masbate, Ticao, Cuyo, Culion,
Ca^^ayan Sulu, and Palawan
By Kickari) (\ M( ;(iki';(;()Ji
I.ssiKff JaniKirif 10, UUK]
MANILA:
lU'REAU OF PliHLIC I'lilNTINCJ
1903.
it^i^ift^llV;
ON BIRDS FROM LUZON, MINDORO, MASBATE,
TICAO, CUYO, CULION, CAGAYAN SULU, AND
PALAWAN.
By Richard C. McGregor,
This paper is the first of a proposed series of reports on collections
made for the Philippine Museum, an institution established by an act of
the Philippine Commission. It summarizes the more important results
of: (1) Five weeks collecting at Mariveles, Bataan Province, Luzon;
(2) various two-day trips about Manila; (3) three months in Ticao and
Masbate; (4) a hurried visit to the Islands of Mindoro, Cuyo, Culion,
Cagayan Sulu, and Palawan.
But one of the species obtained appears to be new. The discovery, near
Manila, of the males of Grant's two Luzon Orioles and the extension of
the range of Cinnyris whiteheadi are most interesting.
The nomenclature in this paper follows that of the first three volumes
of Sharpens Hand List and the Catalogue of Birds.
The work has been directed by Commissioner Dean C. Worcester, Sec-
retary of the Interior, to whom the author is indebted for the use of books
and assistance in many ways.
ZOOGRAPHICAL NOTES.
CAGAYAN SULU.
The avifauna of this island has heretofore been known only from the
small collection of birds made during the short stop of the yacht Marchesa
and subsequently described by Guillemard. We were able to collect here
for only two days during a brief stop of the Government steamer Oeneral
Alava, The two highest hills of the island are crowned with small patches
of forest and its eastern portion is in places somewhat thickly covered
with brush and a few forest trees. By far the greater part of the island
is overgrown with a tall grass known as "cogon," although there are some-
what extensive banana plantations and cocoanut groves. During our
short stay we collected two specimens of Uroloncha fuscans. This capture
is of interest, not only as adding a species to the Philippines but also be-
cause it furnishes an additional indication that the island is Bornean (cf.
Worcester, Proc. IT. S. N. M., XX, p. 574). In all, twelve species were
added to the known avifauna of Cagayan Sulu, but none of the others
throws any new light upon the zoological relationships of the birds of this
little known island.
3
OXJYO.
Only five species of birds have been heretofore recorded from this
island. Cuyo is without forest properly so called, but has a number of
mangrove swamps, numerous cocoanut groves and mango trees, and is in
many places well covered with brush. But a part of one afternoon was
devoted to collecting, the General Alava, on which we were journeying,
arriving at noon of one day and sailing at daybreak on the following
morning. During this short time twenty-two species were added to the
known avifauna of the island. Of these a Chibia is here described as new.
A Cinnyris identical with or closely allied to 0. aurora of Palawan and
the Calamianes group was seen but not collected. The only mammal
collected was a Tupaia somewhat closely allied to 2\ javanica Horsf . of
Palawan and the Calamianes Islands, but clearly distinguished from the
latter species by its conspicuously larger size. The meager evidence at
hand suggests the conclusion that Cuyo belongs to the Balabac-Palawan-
Calamianes group, but that some of its species of birds and mammals have
undergone considerable modification during a long-continued period of
isolation. The island is worthy of more careful study than has been
given it, and full collections will be made at the earliest convenient
opportunity.
TICAO.
Ticao, a small, well-wooded island to the northeast of Masbate and
midway between that island and Luzon, had not been visited by a collector
previous to our trip there, and its zoographical position was therefore un-
known. Our collections prove that it belongs with the central Philippine
group (Pan ay, Guimaras, Negros, Masbate), and that its avifauna is
most nearly like that of Masbate. With the exception of four species of
wide distribution, every land bird taken in Ticao has been or is here
recorded from Masbate. On the other hand, of the following sixteen
characteristic central Philippine species, known from Masbate, twelve
were taken in Ticao.
Cha7'act eristic central Philippine species known from Masbate and Ticao.
Species.
Phabotreron nigrorum
Spilornis panay ensis
Penelopides panini
Loriculiis regulus
Xantholaema roseum
Chrysocolaptes xanthocephalus-
Dicrurus mirabilis
Oriolus nigrostriatus
Aethopyga botiita
Dicaeum dorsale
Zosterops nigrorum __^
Hyloterpe winchelli
Orthotomus castaneieeps
Cittocincla superciUaris
Artamides panayensis
Rhlpidura albiventris
Masbate.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ticao.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ticao, like Masbate, shows a slight relationship to Luzon in the
presence of Ceyx cyanipectus and Dicaeum ruhHventer (cf. Worcester,
1. c. pp. 577 and 578).
NEW SPECIES,
Chibia Cuyensis n, sp.
Sp. chars. — Similar to Chibia palawanensis Tweed., but larger; bill
much longer and deeper.
Type. — No. 24, male ( ?) Philippine Museum collection. Cuyo Island,
Philippines, collected December 11, 1901, by R. C. McGregor and A.
Celestino.
Description of type. — Wings, tail, and upper tail coverts dark glossy
green ; all other parts dark blue black ; feathers of crown, nape, and breast
tipped with metallic blue black; the spangles brgader on the head, nar-
rower on the breast; back slightly metallic; tail feathers but slightly
graduated, tip of outer one curved upward and outward. Total length,
12 inches.
Female. — Like male but a little smaller.
Measuremetits.
Species,
C. cuyensis (type)
C. cuyensis (female)
C. palawanensis (male) .
Wing.
5.95
5.92
5.40
Tail.
4.98
*4.78
4.71
1.10
1.10
1.08
Culmen.
1.26
1.24
Bill from
nostril.
Depth of
bill at
angle of
gonys.
Middle
toe with
claw.
0.93
.89
.76
0.48
.47
.40
1.15
1.02
.95
♦Tail not fully grown.
SPECIES NEW TO THE PHILIPPINES.
Querquedula querquedula {Linn.). — A male was killed at Taguig on
the Laguna de Bay, Luzon, January 12, 1902. February 6 a live pair
said to have come from Laguna were purchased in a Manila market.
Spatula clypeata (Linn.). — A fine plumaged male and a male in im-
mature plumage, found in the Manila market February 4, 1902, were said
to have been shipped from Nueva Ecija, Luzon. A male in immature
plumage was killed March 16, 1902, by Dr. F. S. Bourns near Orani,
Bataan Province, Luzon. Others were seen at the same time and several
specimens were reported to have been killed at the Laguna de Bay.
Phalacrocorax carho (Linn.). — A female specimen of this cormorant
was taken near Hermosa, Bataan, February 2, 1902. A cormorant, very
likely of this species, was seen at the northern end of Ticao Island, April
11, 1902.
Tachornis infnmata (Scl.). — A series of seven small forked-tailed
swifts from Ticao Island add another genus and species to the Philippine
list. As Tachornis infumata ranges over Burma and the Malay Peninsula
to Borneo and Java it might have been expected to reach these islands.
6
Our specimens agree well with the descriptions (Cat. B, XVI, p. 468),
except in being somewhat smaller in wing and tail, as may be seen by the
following measurements :
Locality.
Length,
about.
Wing.
"""""' ■' ^^^
4.6
4.44
4.47
Late-^al
rectrices.
Central
rectrices.
Asiai
4.5
4.37
4.33
2.2
L98
2.00
1 3
Ticao, 4 males __
1.22
Tlcao, 3 females
1 26
1 From Catalogue of Birds.
Note. — In the description of T. batasslensis (1. c, p. 466) the lateral rectrices are
given as 3.5, which would place it under ''a^ lateral rectrices more than 3 inches in
length -^ -5^ -5^ parva and allies' ' in the key, where the species does not belong.
The length given is probably a slip for 2.5 inches.
Uroloncha fuscans (fass,). — A pair of this species were shot from a
flock on Cagayan Sulu, December 14, 1901.
Sturnia sinensis (Gm.). — A skin of a male of this species was brought
to the museum by a Manila taxidermist. He tells me that it was killed
at Malabon, near Manila, on March 13, 1902.
UNDESCRIBED PLUMAGES.
Capi'imtdgus griseatus Wald. — This species is represented in the collec-
tion by five specimens taken at Mariveles, Bataan Province, Luzon, the
latter part of February. One marked female was undoubtedly incorrectly
sexed. The sexes differ about as in (7. affinis. The female is apparently
undescribed and for the sake of bringing out the differences in the sexes
the wing and tail of the male are here more fully described than in the
Catalogue of Birds.
Male. — Rectrices; two external pairs, including shafts, white at ends
for almost 2 inches, the tips of outer pair mottled on outer web to a
greater or less extent with brown^ which may invade the inner web and in
some cases is indicated on the second pair. Primaries ; first four marked
at their middle with a pure white spot which is narrowly bordered with
rich fulvous; white of first primary on inner web only, but reaching to
shaft, which is dark brown. Extending for nearly an inch on the outer
web and opposite the white spot is a narrow edge of fulvous. On the
second, third, and fourth primaries the white spot extends across both
webs, the section of shaft included being more or less white as well.
Female. — Rectrices ; all but two middle pairs marked with bars of dark
brown and pale fulvous, the webs notched and margined with pale ful-
vous. The bars are very irregular and almost obsolete on the margins of
the rectrices. At tip of outer pair on the inner web is an ill defined spot
of pale fulvous gray. Shafts dark brown, but light at tips. A partly
grown outer tail feather has the gray replaced with pure white and the
shaft is white for half an inch at the tip. Primaries ; first with a spot of
pale fulvous on inner web, not reaching to shaft ; a fulvous edge to outer
web as in the male, shaft dark brown. Second, third, and fourth each
with a spot of pale fulvous extending across both webs. In some speci-
mens these spots are more or less white near their centers. Shaft of
second primary is dark brown or it may be partly white on the section in-
cluded in the fulvous spot as are the shafts of the third and fourth.
Measure^nenfs.
Male
Male
Malei—
Female .
Female _
nng.
Tail.
Tarsus.
6.74
4.04
0.70
6. 28
3.73
.70
6.65
3.88
.70
6.46
3.78
.73
6.48
3.96
.67
1 Marked female, but undoubtedly a male.
1 fully agree with Mr. Ogilvie Grant that the plate of this species (Cat.
Bds., XVI, PI. XI) does not represent the coloration. All of our speci-
mens are gray with none of the bright rufous on head and breast which
the illustration shows.
Oriolus alhiloris Grant. — As the type of this species, a female, seems to
be unique, it gives me pleasure to present a description of the adult male
from a single specimen collected near Mariveles, Bataan Province, Luzon,
at not over 500 feet elevation.
Above, including exposed parts -of wing except tips of primaries, dark
golden yellow, brighter and clearer on rump and upper tail coverts; top
of head a little duller than back. Lower parts rich golden yellow; lower
throat and breast dusky; flank feathers wdth distinct dusky median
stripes. Lores conspicuously white, the white extending backward to be-
low center of eye ; white on chin very indistinct. Webs of primaries dusky
brown; outer web edged with olive yellow; inner web brown, broadly
edged with clear golden yellow for basal half or more ; secondaries similar
but the outer webs entirely yellow; lining of wing clear yellow. Tail
slightly rounded ; webs olive yellow, each feather except central pair with
a clear yellow terminal spot and a dark brown subterminal spot on inner
web; the yellow spots increasing and the dark spots decreasing in size
from the outer to the inner feather; shafts bright yellow, white at base.
Colors of soft parts in flesh. Iris pinkish mottled with gray as in 0.
chinensis; bill dark reddish brow^n, with a dark brown spot on basal por-
tion of lower mandible ; legs dark horn blue ; nails horn brown.
The measurements of this specimen are given under the next species.
Oriolus isabellae Grant, — Like 0. albiloriSy this species was described
from a single female and no more have been reported.
Male. — Ad. Mariveles, Bataan, Luzon. Above dark yellow, slightly
tinged with olive, the rump slightly lighter, the head slightly darker.
Eyelids and entire lower parts bright yellow. Primaries and secondaries
8
dark brown broadly edged with olive yellow, the inner web broadly edged
with clear pale yellow on basal half or more. Tail dark olive yellow, inner
webs edged with' lighter yellow; the outer pair narrowly tipped on inner
web with pale yellow ; shafts clear yellow, pale toward bases. Colors of
soft parts in flesh. Iris carmine ; bill, legs and nails plumbeons blue.
A female taken in the same locality is similar to the male.
Measurements of Oriolus isahellae and 0. alhiloris.
No.
722
492
635
Species.
O. isabellae Male ___
do j Female-
O. albiloris \ Male _-.
Mar. 14
Feb. 22
Mar. 5
k
B
60
^
Zs
§fl
3
^
s
«
H
s?
8.50
M.27
13.15
0.96
0.73
0.87
0.89
8.25
H. 20
13.16
.96
.74
.90
.83
8.00
4A7
2.94
.75
. 55
.80
.87
1 Feathers more or less worn.
These two species of Oriolus are easily distinguished from one another
by the great difference in size and color of bill, as well as by the markings
of the tail and the presence or absence of dark stripes on the flanks.
Orthotomus chloronotus Grant. — The type, from Cabo Engaiio, North-
ern Luzon, appears to be the only specimen known of this species. Two
males, taken at Mariveles, Bataan Province, Luzon, agree with the de-
scription (Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 117) of the type, which is also a male.
The female, which is similar to the male, is here described from a Mari-
veles skin collected February 27, 1902.
Female adult. — Like the male but throat and breast less gray, probably
an individual difference. Top and sides of head, including eye, and
thighs, dull chestnut; back, wings, upper and under tail coverts, and a
wash on flanks rich olive green, the wings a little lighter than back ; feath-
ers of cheeks, ear-coverts, throat and breast white, narrowly and irregu-
larly edged with gray ; belly white ; greater wing coverts a little yellowish
forming an indefinite light area ; bastard wing edged with light chestnut ;
edge of wing and a wash on the white wing lining and axillaries, bright
lemon yellow ; quills dark brown broadly edged on their inner webs with
pale buff; tail feathers rufous brown edged on basal half with yellowish
green, and, except central pair, narrowly tipped with pale yellowish.
Colors of soft parts in flesh. Iris light brown; bill horn brown, lower
mandibk^ much the lighter; legs, feet and nails light horn brown.
Measureme^its of O. chloronotus from, Mariveles.
Sex.
Male ^-
Male „-.
Female
Wing.
Tail.
1.94
1.95
1.95
1.80
1.77
1.61 (!)
Culmen.
0.70
.67
.67
Tarsus.
0.82
.78
.82
NOTES ON SOME OF THE RARER SPECIES.
Nettopus coromandelianus (Gm,). — The Luzon records for this duck
ire increased by two males killed by Commissioner Worcester at Morong,
on Laguna de Bay^ the latter part of December, 1901.
Fuligula fuligula (Linn.). — The Luzon record of this species rests
upon three young birds taken by Maitland-Heriot at Laguna de Bay. We
have a pair of adults taken, in January, at Jala Jala, on the same lake.
Gollocalia marginata Salvad. — The Luzon record of this species has
rested up to this time upon a specimen collected by Herr Othberg, doubt-
fully marked Manila. Last winter we were fortunate in getting four
specimens at Mariveles. These measure as follows :
Number.
Date.
Sex.
Wing.
Tail.
Tarsus.
622
Mar. 4
Mar. 5
Feb. 20
Feb. 27
Male
Female___
Female _._
Female ___
4.04
3.95
4.05
3.83
1.60
1.56
1.55
1.60
0.33
638 - —- -— _ - _
.36
485 — — .
.36
581 _
.32
Cinnyi^is whiteheadi Grant. — January 5, 1902, at Jala Jala, on Laguna
de Bay, we shot a full plumaged male of this black-backed sun-bird and
from the same clump of bushes a male of C. sperata in moult from worn
young (?) plumage to the adult. At Mariveles, Bataan, in February and
March I killed from the same flower bush two males of G. whiteheadi and
many of G. sperata. It is evident, then, that the ranges of these two spe-
cies overlap for at least the distance from Mariveles to Jala Jala and that
the two forms, closely allied as they are, may occur at one time in the
same territory.
Anthothreptes griseigularis Tweed. — This form has been recorded from
Mindanao, Sakuyok, and Samar and was taken by Whitehead in ISTorthern
Luzon in the Provinces of Lepanto and Isabela. For some reason these
Luzon records are omitted from Bourns and Worcester's distribution list
(Proc. U. S. N. M., XX). Grant suggests that ''probably it is met with
only at considerable elevations.'' The capture by us of three males and a
female at not over 500 feet elevation in Bataan Province may therefore
be of interest.
Gittocincla superciliaris (Bourns and Worcester). — Five male Citto-
cinclw, two from Ticao and three from Masbate, and evidently belonging
to this species, yield some characters not given in the original description.
By Bourns and Worcester the wide superciliary strip is considered the
most noticeable difference between G. superciliaris and G. luzoniensis. In
our single Luzon male from Mariveles this white stripe is quite as pro-
nounced as in any of the central island specimens at hand, and, moreover,
is weakly Joined to its fellow of the opposite side by a few white feathers
across the forehead. In two specimens of superciliaris there are small
white tips on the three outer rectrices, tho^ reduced to a small dot on the
third pair ; another shows spots on two pairs ; yet another with badly dam-
10
aged tail retains but one of the outer three pairs of feathers and it is white
tipped. The remaining specimen has a fully grown and unworn tail but,
curiously, shows not a trace of white. Three of the specimens show a few
concealed white feathers in middle of lower back as noted in C. nigrorum
(cf. Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 547). The bend of the wing is black; in no case
white as stated in the original description. The species is readily dis-
tinguished from C. luzoniensis by the black rump, upper tail coverts, and
wing coverts, by the paler flanks, and by the almost total suppression of
white on the tail. The tarsus measure, 0.86, given in the original de-
scription, is evidently an error. Extremes and averages of five males of C
superciliaris from Masbate and Ticao are as follows: Wing, 3.08 to 3.28
(average, 3.15) ; tail^ 2.65 to 2.85 (average, 2.72) : exposed culmen, 0.56
to 0.61 (average, 0.58) ; tarsus, 1.04 to 1.12 (average 1.08).
I found this species not at all the silent bird described by Bourns and
Worcester. The males were heard singing nearly every day, but kept so
well to the bush that it required considerable time and patience to get
specimens.
Cyanomyias coelestis (Tweed.). — A male of this beautiful blue fly-
catcher was killed near Mariveles on March 14, the same day and from a
small tree next the one from which I shot the niale Oriolus isabellae half
an hour later.
NEW LOCALITIES FOR KNOWN SPECIES.
The following species are now authentically recorded for the first time,
it is believed, from the localities named :
Spatula clypeata ( Linn. ) . Sturnia sinensis ( Gm. ) .
Querquedula querquedula ( Linn. ) . Cyanomyias coelestis ( Tweed. ) .
Phalacrocorax carbo (Linn.).
Leucotreron leclancheri (Bp. ).
MINDORO.
CULION.
Fregata ariel (Gould). Anthothreptes malaccensis (Scop.
Motacilla melanope Pall.
Spilopelia tigrina (Temm. ).
PALAWAN.
CAGAYAN SULU.
Columba griseigularis (Waldenand Collocalia francica (Gm.).
Layard). • Eudynamis sp. inc.
Amaurornis plioenicura (Forster). Cehtropus sinensis (Stephens).
Anous stolidus (Linn.). Uroloncba fuscans (Cass.).
Fregata ariel (Gould). Hemicbelidon griseisticta (Swinh.).
Butastur indicus (Gm.). Hirundo gutturalis Scop.
Alcedo ispida ( Linn. ) .
11
sterna bergii Licht.
Charadrius dominicus (P. L. S.
Miiller).
Ochthodromus geoffroyi ( Wagler ) .
Numenius arquatus (Linn.).
Limosa novae zelandiae Gray.
Totanus calidris (Linn.).
Heteractitis brevipes ( Vieil. ) .
Tringoides hypoleucus (Linn.).
Demiegretta sacra (Gm.).
Bubulcus coromandus (Bodd.).
Butorides javanica (Horsf.).
Haliastur intermedins Gurney.
Alcedo ispida Linn.
Halcyon chloris ( Bodd. ) .
Calornis panayensis (Scop.).
Chibia cuyensis n. sp. antea.
Oriolus chinensis Linn.
Lanius lucionensis Linn.
Artamus leucogaster ( Wagler ) .
Monticola solitaria (P. L. S. Miil-
ler).
Hemichelidon griseisticta (Swinh. ).
Hirundo guttural is Scop.
MASBATE.
Osmotreron axillaris (Bp.).
Amaurornis olivacea (Meyn).
Caprimulgus manillensis Wald.
Xantholaema roseum (Dumont).
Corone philippina Bp.
Megapodius cumingi Dillwyn.
Excalfactoria lineata ( Scop. ) .
Gallus gallus (Linn.).
Osmotreron axillaris (Bp.).
Phabotreron nigrorum Sharpe.
Carpophaga aenea (Linn.).
Myristicivora bicolor (Scop.).
Streptopelia dussumieri ( Temm. ) .
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.),
xiypotaenidia torquata ( Linn. ) .
Poliolimnas cinereus (Vieil).
Amaurornis olivacea ( Meyer's ) .
Gallicrex cinerea (Lath.).
Ochthodromus mongolus (Pallas).
Aegialitis peroni (Bp.).
Aegialitis alexandrina (Linn.).
Tringoides hypoleucus ( Linn. ) .
Rhyacophilus glareola ( Gm. ) .
Gallinago sp ?
Demiegretta sacra (Gm. ).
Bubulcus coromandus ( Bodd. ) .
Butorides javanica (Horsf.).
Pyrrherodias manillensis ( Meyers ) .
Ardctta cinnamomea (Gm.).
Gorsachius melanolophus (Raffles).
Kycticorax manillensis Vig.
Dendrocygna arcuata Horsf.
Anas luzonica Fraser.
Phalacroccrax carbo Linn.
Circus sp. inc.
Ha liaetus leucogaster (Gm.).
Haliastur intermedius Gurney.
Motacilla flava Linn.
Parus elegans Lesson.
Megalurus ruficeps Tweed,
lole philippinensis (Gm.).
Lalage terat (Bodd.).
TICAO.
Loriculus regulus Souanc^.
Chry socolaptes xanthocephalus Wal-
den and Layard.
Corone philippina Bp.
Sarcops calvus ( Linn. ) .
Calornis panayensis (Scop.).
Dicrurus mirabilis Walden and
Layard.
Oriolus chinensis Linn.
Munia jagori Martens.
Alauda gulgula Franklin.
Motacilla melanope Pallas.
Motacilla flava Linn.
Anthus rufulus Vieil.
Aethopyga bonita Bourns and Wor-
cester.
Cinnyris sperata ( Linn. ) .
Cinnyris jugular is (Linn.).
Anthothreptes chlorigaster Sharpe.
Dicaeum rubriventer Lesson.
Dicaeum pygmaeum (Kittlitz).
Zosterops nigrorum Tweed.
Parus elegans Lesson.
Hyloterpe winchelli Bourns and
Worcester.
Lanius lucionensis Linn.
Artamus leucogaster (Wagler).
Phylloscopus borealis (Blasius).
Pratincola caprata (Linn.).
Megalurus ruficeps Tweed.
Megalurus palustris Horsf.
Orthotomus castaneiceps Walden.
12
TicAo — continued.
Ninox philippensis Bp.
Eurystomus orientalis (Linn).
Pelargopsis gigantea Walden.
Ceyx cyanipectus (Lafr.).
Halcyon gularis (Kuhl).
Halcyon chloris (Bodd.).
Penelopides panini ( Bodd. ) .
Caprimulgus manillensis Wald.
Tachornis inf umata ( Scl. ) .
Collocalia troglodytes Gray.
Cacomantis merulinus ( Scop. ) .
Eudynamis mindanensis (Linn.).
Centropus viridis ( Scop. ) .
Cacatua haematuropygia (P. L. S.
(Miiller).
Prioniturus discurus (Vieill).
Tanygnathus luconensis (Linn.).
Cisticola exilis (Vig. and Horsf.).
Monticola solitaria (P. L. S. Miil-
ler).
Copsychus mindanensis (Gm.).
Cittocincla superciliaris Bourns and
Worcester.
lole philippinensis (Gmelin).
Pycnonotus goiavier ( Scop. ) .
Artamides panayensis Steere.
Lalage terat ( Bodd. ) .
Hypothymis occipitalis Vig,
Rhipidnra nigritorquis Vig.
Rhipidura albiventris Sharpe.
Cyornis philippinensis Sharpe.
Hirundo guttural is Scop.
Hirundo javanica Sparrman.
Pitta erythrogaster Temm.
r
^
MM^Sl.
C^UiL, C Mr^sZ ?^
BULLETINS
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
II
LIST OF BIED 8KINS OFFEEED IN EXCHANGE
MANFLA:
BURKAl' OF iTin.K' rRIXTrXG
190:;.
BULLETINS
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
II
LIST OF BIRD SKINS OFFEKEI) IN EXCHANGE
MANILA:
BUREAU OF PUBLIC PRINTING.
1903.
EXPLANATORY NOTE.
The Philippine Commission has passed an act providing for the estab-
lishment of a Museum of Ethnology, Natural History, and Commerce,
and has made a preliminary appropriation to be used in the gathering of
material pending the erection of a suitable museum building for the
housing of exhibits and the preservation of study specimens. Systematic
collecting of the birds and mammals of the Archipelago was begun some
months since, and will be steadily prosecuted. Series of species of birds
and mammals at present known will be secured as rapidly as may be pos-
sible, and collecting operations will be extended to regions which have not
hitherto been visited. The establishment of a Coast Guard Service of
twenty staunch steam vessels makes it possible to land, and to call for, col-
lectors at points which have hitherto been nearly or quite inaccessible.
The collections thus far secured were obtained on a trip made by the
Secretary of the Interior and the Commissioner of Public Health in
search of a site for a leper colony, during which the Islands of Mindoro,
Cuyo, Cagayan de Jolo, Palawan, and Culion were briefly visited, and by
some weeks of systematic collecting in the Province of Bataan (Luzon),
and on the Islands of Ticao and Masbate.
Except in case of the rarest species, only first-class skins will be sent
out, and no others will be received in exchange. The Philippine Museum
especially desires to secure representative collections of bird skins from
Borneo, the Moluccas, Formosa, and the Asiatic coast region adjacent to
the Philippines, preference being given to the species of genera known to
be represented in the Philippine Archipelago.
Where lists of desiderata are furnished, effort will be made to secure
the material desired as the different parts of the Archipelago are reached
by our collectors. Especial attention is being given to the securing of
large series of specimens of the more interesting species.
Communications should be addressed to the Philippine Museum,
Manila, P. I.
Deak C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
3
LIST OF BIRD SKINS OFFERED IN EXCHANGE.
PHASIANID^.
Excalfactoria lineata (Scop.).
Gallus gallus (Linn.). Male.
TURNICIDJ3.
Tumix fasciata (Temm.). Male and female.
TRERONID^.
Osmotreron vernans (Linn.). Male.
Osmotreron axillaris (G. K. Gray). Male and female.
Phabotreron leucotis (Temm.). Male.
Phabotreron nigrorum Sharpe. Male and female.
Leucotreron leclancheri (Bp.). Male.
Carpophaga aenea (Linn.). Male and female.
Myristicivora bicolor (Scop.). Male.
PERISTERID^.
Streptopelia dussumieri (Temm.). Male.
Geopelia striata (Linn.).. Male and female.
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.). Male and female.
RALLID^.
Hypotaenidia torquata (Linn.). Male and female.
Poliolimnas cinereus Sharpe. Male.
Gallicrex cinerea (Gm.). Male.
Podiceps philippensis (Bonn.). Male and female.
ARDEIDJ3.
Bubulcus coromandus (Bodd.). Male.
Butorides javanica (Horsf.). Male and female.
Pyrrherodias manillensis (Meyers). Male.
Ardetta cinnamomea (Gm.). Male.
ANATIDiE.
Dendrocygna arcuata (Horsf.). Male and female.
Anas luzonica Praser. Male and female.
Querquednla qiierquedula (Linn.). Male.
Spatula elypeata (Linn.). Male.
FALCONID^.
Microhierax erythrogenys (Vig.). Male.
BUBONID^.
Ninox philippensis Bp. Male.
CACATUID.^.
Cacatua haemal uropygia (P. L. S. Miiller). Female.
PSITTACIDiE.
Prioniturus discurus (Vieill.). Male and female.
Prioniturus cyaneiceps Sharpe. Male.
Prioniturus Inzonensis Steere. Male.
Tanygnathus Inzonensis (Linn.). Male and female.
Bolbopsittacns lunulatus (Scop.). Female.
Loriculus philippensis (P. L. S. Miiller). Male and female.
Loriculus regnlns Sonance. Male and female.
CORACIID^.
Enrystomus orientalis (Linn.). Male and female.
ALCEDINID^.
Pelargopsis gigantea Walden. Female.
Alcedo ispida Linn. Female.
Ceyx eyanipectns (Lafresaye). Male and female.
Halcyon gularis (Kuhl.). Male and female.
Halcyon chloris (Bodd.). Male and female.
BUCEROTIDiE.
Penelopides panini (Bodd). Male and female.
MEROPID^.
Merops bicolor Bodd. Male and female.
Merops philippimis Linn. Male and female.
CAPRIMULOID.^.
Caprimulgus manillensis Tweed. Male and female.
Caprimnlgus griseatns Tweed. Male and female.
MACROPTERYGID^.
Macropteryx comata (Temm.). Male.
CYPSELID^.
Tachomis infumata (ScL).
Collocalia fuciphaga (Thnnberg). Male.
Collocalia francica (Gm.). Male.
Collocalia troglodytes Gray. Female.
Collocalia marginata Salvad. Female.
CUCULIDJi;.
Cacomantis merulinus ( Scop. ) . Male.
Eudynamis mindanensis (Linn.). Male.
Centropus viridis (Scop.). Male and female.
Dryococcyx harringtoni Sharpe. Male.
Dasylophus superciliosiiB (Cuvier). Male and female.
CAPITONID^.
Xantholaema haematoceplialum (P. L. S. Miiller). Male.
Xantholaema rosenm (Dnmont). Male.
PICIDiE.
lyngipicus validirostris Blyth. Male and female.
Chrysocolaptes haematribon (Wagler). Female.
Chrysocolaptes xanthocephalns (Walden & Layard). Male and fema
Microstietus funebris Tweed. Male and female.
Thriponax javensis (Horsf.). Male.
PITTID^.
Pitta erythogastra Temm. Male and female.
Pitta atricapilla Lesson. Male and femxale.
MUSCICAPIDiE.
Hemichelidon griseisticta (Swinhoe). Male and female.
Cyornis philippinensis (Sharpe). Male and female.
Gerygone simplex Cabanis. Male and female.
Hypothymis occipitalis (Vig.). Male.
Rhipidnra nigritorquis Vig. Male.
Rhipidura albiventris Sharpe. Male and female.
Zeocephns rufns (G. R. Gray). Female.
CAMPOPHAGID^E.
Artamides striatus (Bodd.). Male and female.
Artamides panayensi-s (Blyth.). Male and female.
Lalage terat (Bodd). Male and female.
PYCN^ONOTID^.
Chloropsis palawanensis Sharpe. Male and female,
lole philippensis (Gm.). Male and female.
Microtarsus melanocephalus (Gm.). Male.
Pycnonotns goiavier (Scop.). Male and female.
Pycnonotns cinereifrons Tweed. Male.
ARTAMID^.
Artamus leucogaster (Wagler). Male and female.
STURNIDiE.
Acridotheres cristatellus (Gm.). Male.
Sarcops calvus (Linn.). Male and female.
Calornis panayensis ( Scop. ) . Male and female.
ORIOLID^.
Oriolns chinensis Linn. Male and female.
PLOCEID^.
Munia jagori Martens. Male.
Mnnia cabanisi Sharpe. Male and female.
ALAUDID.E.
Alanda gugnla Franklin. Male and female.
Mirafra philippinensis W. Ramsay. Male.
MOTACILLIDJB.
Motacilla flava Linn. Male and female.
Anthus rufulus Vieil. Male and female.
PARIDJE.
Parus elegans Lesson. Male and female.
Parns semilarvatus (Salvad.). Male.
LANIID^.
Hyloterpe winchelli Bourns & Worcester. Male and female.
Lanius lucionensis Linn. Male and female.
Lanius nasntus Scop. Male and female.
DICEURID^.
Dicmrus balicassins ( Linn. ) . J'emale.
Dicrurus mirabilis Walden & Layard. Male and female.
Buchanga palawanensis Whitehead. Male and female.
CERTHIIDJB.
Rhabdornis mystacalis ( Temm. ) . Male.
Dendrophila mesoleuca Grant. Female.
NECTARINIIDiE.
Aethopyga shelleyi Sharpe. Male.
Aethopyga bonita Bourns & Worcester. Male.
Aethopyga flavipectus Grant. Male.
Cinnyris sperata Linn. Male and female.
Cinnyris jugularis ( Linn. ) . Male.
Cynnyris aurora (Tweed). Male and female.
Cynnyris whiteheadi Grant. Male.
Anthothreptes malaccensis (Scop.). Male.
Anthothreptes griseigularis Tweed. Male and female.
MBLIPHAGIDiB.
Zosterops nigrorum Tweed. Male and female.
DECAED^.
Dicaeum rubriventer Lesson. Male and female.
Dicaenm dorsale Sharpe. Male.
Dicaeum pygmaeum (Kittlitz). Male and female.
Prionoehilus inexpectatus Hartert. Male.
Piprisoma aeruginosnm (Bourns & Worcester). Male.
TIMELIID^.
Megalurus ruficeps Tweed. Male and female.
Megalurus palustris Horsf . Male and female.
Orthotomus castaneiceps Sharpe. Male and female.
Orthotomus chloronotus Grant. Male.
Cisticola exilis (Yig. & Horsf.). Male and female.
Copsychus mindanensis (Gm.). Male.
Cittocincla superciliaris Bourns & Worcester. Male.
TURDID^.
Monticola solitaria (P. L. S. Mliller). Male and female.
BULLETIN
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
BIRDS FROM BENGUET PROVINCE, LUZON, AND FROM THE ISUNDS
OF LOBANG, MINDORO. CUYO, AND CAGAYANCILLO
i
By Richard C. McGregor
No. 3
Issued January SO, 1904
MANILA:
BUREAU OF PUBLIC PRfNTfNG
1904.
8377
BULLETIN
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
BIRDS FROM BENGUET PROVINCE. Ll^ZON. AND FBOM THE ISLANDS
OE LORANii. MINDORO. CEYO, AND CAfiAYANflLLO
By Richard C. McGrl:gor
NT ' >
MANILA:
i{ri{}:.\r iw jTin.ic i-riniinc;
1904.
BIRDS PROM BENGUET PROVINCE, LUZON, AND
PROM THE ISLANDS OP LUBANG, MINDORO,
CUYO, AND CAGAYANCILLO.
By Richard C. McGregor.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE.
In this paper, which is the second in the series of reports on zoo-
logical collections made for the Philippine Museum, are recorded all
identified species of birds collected or observed on recent expeditions
to the Islands of Lubang, Verde, Cagayancillo, and Agutaya, and to
the Province of Benguet, Luzon; also species recently secured in Cuyo
and Mindoro, which are believed to be new to those islands.
As a result of lack of necessary literature, it has proved impossible to
identify certain of the species collected. This is especially the case with
the birds of prey. These unidentified species will be listed in a supple-
mentary paper after the receipt of the literature which we at present
lack.
As in the first paper of this series, the nomenclature of this paper
follows closely that of Sharpe's Hand List and of the Catalogue of
Birds.
The work of collecting has been directed by Commissioner Dean C.
Worcester, Secretary of the Interior, to whom the author is indebted
for the use of literature and other assistance. Mr. Chas. W. Richmond
has kindly examined and identified specimens of several species.
ZOOGRAPHICAL NOTES.
LUBANG.
The Lubang Group lies west of Cape Santiago, Luzon, and north of
Cape Calavite, the western point of Mindoro. The group as a whole is
nearer Mindoro than Luzon. Lubang Island is about 20 miles from the
Batangas coast and but little more than half that distance from the
nearest point in Mindoro. Lubang i§ approximately 15 miles long by
6 wide. In, the central part of the island are mountains of moderate
altitude well covered with forest. Near the coast are extensive rice
fields and grassy hills. Two small streams enter the sea near Port Tilig,
and at their mouths are more or less extensive mangrove swamps, the
3
resorts of kingfishers, golden-eyes, doves, flycatchers, and various
species of water birds. Extensive tide flats tempt thousands of waders
to make Lubang their winter headquarters. Several interesting spe-
cies of birds were seen, but not secured, notably a fish hawk, two species
of herons, and a small swift, the nest of which was found in a rocky
cave. During our stay, from October 18 to November 8, we found the
weather fine, although a strong wind, blowing almost continuously,
interfered to some extent with collecting.
The forests on Lubang are poor in birds. Many of the flycatchers
common in Luzon were rare or lacking. The most persistent search
failed to reveal Ceyx of any kind. Pycnonotus, Orthotomus^ and the horn-
})ills seem to l)e al)sent, and none of the parrots was seen. The wood-
peckers, except Triygipicus^ were conspicuous by their absence.
At the end of the present paper are recorded seventy-five species for
Lubang. Witli a single ex(;eption, Anthothreptes (Morigastei% these are
all kno\vn from Luzon, and the occurrence of the following characteristic
Luzon si)ecies leads us to group Lubang with Luzon, Marinduque, and
Catanduanes:
Dicfeiiin rulniventer. lole philippiriensis.
Zosteroi)8 nieyeni, Artamides striatus.
(hUimha (/ri>>ei</id(m^, which was secured in Lubang, has not yet been
recorded from Mindoro.
MINDOEO.
Nearly the entire montli of December, 1902, was spent in Mindoro,
tlie first sto|) being at Puerto Galera, at which point the forest is easily
reached from tlie ])ea,cli. Before doing much here we moved to Calapan
with the hope of rcMXching some of the small islands south and east of
Mindoro. The launch upon whi(ih we counted w^as so busy that w^e
finally changed oin- plans, went to Verde Island for two days, and then
returned to Manila l)y way of Puerto Galera and Batangas.
Sixteen of tlie species collected are believed to be new to the Mindoro
fauna, jdthougli all of them are already known from Luzon. The rare
swift, (hlloralia viaryluiita^ and the spoonbill, Hpatula dypeata^ were noted
from Luzon in my last paper.
VPIRDE.
Verde is a small island in mid-channel between Mindoro and Luzon.
There are doubtless many more species on the island than w^e obtained
during our two-days* visit, but the presence of Dkxum nihrimnter^ Zos-
terops meyeni^ and lole philippinenHk^ and the absence of the peculiar Min-
doro species, indicate tliat Verde is a detached fragment of Ivuzon.
OUYO.
We first visited Cuyo in December, 1901, securing a number of spe-.
cies new to the island and specimens of a Chihia which was described as
new. On our way to Cagayancillo in January, 1903, and again on our
return from that island in March of the same year, we did some addi-
tional collecting while waiting for transportation. None of these are of
interest except a Scops, not yet identified, and a Cinnyris^ which, as
suspected, is identical with the Palawan form (C. (nirora). Additional
specimens of Chibia cuyensls confirm the characters already given. (Bull.
Phil. Mus. No. 1, p. 5.)
AGUTAYA.
Agutaya is a small island of the Cuyos Group lying a short distance
north of Cuyo. In less than an hour spent on the beach we noted eight
species. Several specimens of Cinnyris aurora are identical with our
Cuyo and Culion examples. There are neither streams nor forest on
the island, and it is probable that nothing of importance will be found
there.
CAGAYANCILLO.
Cagayancillo is the largest island of the group known as the Caga-
yanes. Cuyo lies 75 miles to the northwest; the southernmost point of
Panay is 45 miles to the northeast, while the Negros coast is some 55
miles due east. If the existing charts are reliable, the Cagayanes Islands
are separated from Panay, Negros, and Cuyo by deep water; in fact,
deep water is shown all about the group, but a chain of small islands,
bars, and shoals extending southwest from the Cagayanes is suggestive
of a former closer connection in that direction. Cagayancillo is some
5 miles long by 1 mile wide, and in no part attains an elevation of more
than a few hundred feet. Over the whole island is scattered rough
coral rock, and on the shore in many places are masses of coral "rag,"
now dark from exposure, but showing a snowy white interior wlien
broken. The entire southern side of the island is bordered by a long
crescent-shaped reef, inside of which is an excellent harbor for small
vessels, once they have passed through the narrow and tortuous chan-
nel. The vegetation is scanty. Along the beach an) the ever-pres(^nt
cocoanut trees. Occasional fine mangos, small clumps of l)amboo,
some mangrove, and various scrubby trees, together with masses of
rank grass and tall weeds, make up the most noticeable lioral features.
There are no streams and but little marshy ground.
From the fact that we were able to reach every point on the island, I
feel reasonably certain that we secured nearly every species of land
bird which occurs there. A night heron (Nydicorax) and the gannet
(Sida) were the only species seen and not collected. While most of the
species of Cagayancillo are common, wide-ranging forms, a few are most
interesting. Ohmyris a/iirora has been known only from the Balabac-
Palawan-Calamianes Group and the Cuyos. Zosterops is a genus, and
Hypotcxnldia Umpiata, Exdlina euryzonoides, LmnohmnuH fmcus, Iliero-
coccyx fugax^ and Centropus viridis are species not recorded from the
6
Palawan Group, but known from Negros and Mindanao. Carpophaga
^nckeringl is known from the Sulu Group.
The fauna? of Cuyo and Cagayancillo are distinct. In Cuyo we find
Ninox, Scops, and Chibia; in Cagayancillo we find Zoderops and Carpo-
phaga. I feel certain that none of these genera is common to the two
islands. The curious mammal, Tapaia, is common on Cuyo, but lacking
on the southern island, and the large fruit bats of the two islands appear
to be of distinct species. I collected a number of rats on Cagayancillo,
but suspect they are only the common Mm rattus. One rat was seen on
Cuyo.
From the above data I have concluded that Cagayancillo is an oceanic
coral island of recent formation, whose bird population is composed of
stragglers, the majority of which have probably come in from Negros or
Mindanao. CinvyriH is evidently a wanderer from Cuyo or Paragua.
BENGUET PROVINCE, LUZON.
The birds of Benguet were made known to science through the collec-
tions of Mr. John Whitehead. During April, May, and June of the
last year the Pliilippine Museum has had collectors working in the
vicinity of Irisan, an elevation of about 4,000 feet on the trail between
Naguilian, La Union, and Baguio, Benguet. This location proved to be
a most fortunate one, as nearly all of the new species taken by White-
head were collected together with several species previously known only
from IjC panto.
UNDESCRIBED PLUMAGES AND NOTES ON THE RARER SPECIES.
Leucotreron leclancheri (Bp. ).
A young male from Lubang has the pectoral band just indicated and
the chin spot cliestnut. No adults were seen.
Carpophaga pickeringi Cass.
This tine pigeon has been recorded from Sulu, Sibutu, and Cagayan
Sulu and we now have specimens from Cagayancillo, where it was
abundant. Considering the size of the island and the almost total
absence of trees, it was a great surprise to find a Carpophaga. All the
birds killed were very fat. We found them feeding on blossoms and
leaves as well as on fruit.
C'oLiiMBA GRisEiGULARis ( W'aldeu and Layard).
An innnature male, the only example taken in Lubang, differs from
the adult in having the feathers of upper parts bordered with metallic
green instead of purple. The green on wing coverts is mostly lacking
and many of the breast feathers are edged with brown. The beautiful
purple of lower throat and l)reast is indicated only. These differences
have been recorded l)y Grant. (Ibis, 1895, p. 469.)
Geopelia stkiata (Linn.).
This dove has been recorded from Luzon and Saniar. In Liibang it is
rare, where a nest, containing two sHghtly incubated eggs, was found the
latter part of October.
Fregata ARIEL (Gould).
One male specimen from Cagayancillo.
Fregata aquila (Linn.).
Of this frigate bird also we obtained a fully adult male.
LiMNOB^NUS Fuscus (Linn.).
This small rail has been recorded from Luzon, Leyte, and Mindanao.
A single fine specimen was secured on Cagayancillo. We have several
specimens taken near Manila.
Gallinago GALLiNAGO (Linn.).
Although this species seems to be rare in the Philippines, 1 beheve a
specimen from Calapan, Mindoro, is correctly identified with G. gallinago.
It agrees well with the description and is distinct from the common
Luzon species.
Butorides JAVANICA (Horsf. ).
A partial albino female from Lubang has the wings witli coverts and
lining, tail and coverts, belly, flanks, thighs, and rump white; back and
long secondaries seal brown; first two primaries and some of the coverts
lightly washed with brown.
Spatula clypeata (Linn.).
Another spoonbill was found in the Manila market on Noveml)er 18,
1902. A specimen was killed near Calapan, Mindoro, in December.
SuLA piscATRix (Linn.)?.
On the day we left Cagayancillo there were dozens of ganuets fishing
a few miles offshore. They are doubtfully referred to this species.
Batrachostomus microrhynchus Grant.
An adult female of this rare and curious species was killed at Irisan,
Benguet, May 16. The hunter reported that it was perched on a large
horizontal limb in dense woods in company with another, which escaped.
Grant records two specimens from Lepanto and one from Cabo Kngafio.
The measurements of our specimen are about the same as those of the
type. Chord of culmen, 0.74; width of bill at gape, 1.22; wing, 5.04;
tail, 4.04; tarsus, 0.65. Iris pale yellowish; edge of eyelids brown; bill
light horn brown, cutting edge on basal half dull pea green; inside of
mouth bright pea green; legs, feet, and nails dirty white.
Scops LONGicoRNis (7 rant.
The type of this owl is a male from Benguet. Of the only other speci-
men, collected by Whitehead in Lepanto, the sex is not given. A male
was collected at Irisan on May 20. J^ill dirty dull green, tij) and cutting
edge dark brown, cere dirty flesh color at base and dull yellowish over
nostrils; iris bright yellow; legs and feet light flesh; nails gray, darker
at tip. May 26, a female was shot as she left her nest in a small pine
stub. Three young biixis were found in the old woodpecker hole which
served for the nest. The natal down is pure light gray. This is soon
replaced by a soft gray plumage barred with brown, darker on the head
and upper parts. The wings and tail develop feathers similar to those of
the aduU. The adult male and female are alike in plumage.
Measurements of Scops longicornis.
No.
Date.
Sex.
Wing.
Tail.
Culmen.
Tarsus,
2683
May 20
May 26
Male
5.67
5.96
2.57
2.84
0.68
0.70
1.22
2742
Female _
1 18
Pelakoopsis gouldi Sharpe.
In Lubang a single specimen was killed in a mangrove. It is iden-
tical with Mindoro specimens.
Caprimulgus manillensis Wald,
Fairly abundant near camp in Benguet, but by no means easily killed.
The single male secured agrees perfectly with the night-Jar of Ticao and
Masbate. Hartert says: "A large white spot on the throat." (Cat.
Bds. XVI, p. 544.) In each of our nine specimens there are two large
white spots on the throat distinctly separated by brown and buff feathers.
The wliite feathers forming these patches are tipped with deep hlackish
brown, and subterminally marked with buff. Hartert (1. c.) dismisses
the subject of the young plumage with the remark: "The young bird is
simihir to the adult." A specimen apparently in first plumage differs
so greatly from the adult tliat I venture to give the more important char-
acters. Male.juv., PhiL Mas. Coll. JVo. 1088; Ticao, May 21, 1902. ~-\]^-
per parts similar to adult but lacking the blackish brown on the head,
exciept for a few small spots; top of head dark silvery gray; the not
fully grown wings and tail similar to those of the adult; white throat
patches wanting, })eing indicated by two small buff areas; feathers of
the l)reast vermiculated with light brown and light buff with light buff
tips; on the belly and sides the markings tend to bars. The under
surface is more similar to the adult of C. griseatus than to the adult of
C. m.aniUensh.
COLLOCALIA W^HITEHEADI Grant.
During the past year we have secured swifts at a number of locahties,
and in all cases the tarsi were carefully examined before skinning to
determine the presence or absence of plumes. According to Grant
(Ibis, 1895, pp. 459-461), C, whiteheadi has the tarsi bare and C. fuci-
'phaga lias the tarsi feathered. If this character is worth anything, and it
probably is, we have specimens of C. lohUeheadi from Cagayancillo, Verde,
and Luzon. C, francica was abundant on Cagayancillo, but ivhiteheadi
must have been very rare. Of seventeen specimens but one is referable
to the latter, killed February 10. One specimen was shot from a flock on
top of Verde December 18. At Irisan, Benguet, C. faclphoffa Avas found
associated with icMteheadi^ both being shot from the same flock.
December 31, 1901, three swifts were killed at Santa Mesa near ^lanila.
Although no examination was made at the time, I fail to find a single
tarsal plume now and believe these birds must also l)e referred to C.
ivhitcheadi. The upper parts of all these specimens (fuciphaga and
whUeheadi) are dark sooty brown faintly glossed with dark green. Tlio
fork of tail measures from 0. 22 inch to 0. 34 inch.
Nestlmg, Irisan^ Benguet, May 19, 1903. — Almost ready to leave the
nest. PJumage like the adult, but above more sooty and lacking the
green gloss; lower parts grayer. Iris darker brown than in adult; bill
and nails black; legs pale flesh;^in a much younger nestling the colora-
tion is the same. In the adult the legs are dark reddish brown.
Callocalia linchi Horsf. and Moore.
This little swift is common about Irisan. Scarcely a day passed
without its being seen. It has a provoking habit of dodging among the
tree* branches which makes it an uncertain mark. We collected about
a dozen examples, including nestlings. The young are very much like
the adults, but the upper parts are strongly glossed with green, Avhile in
the adult the wings and tail have a dark steel-blue gloss. The dift'erence
is slight, but easily seen. In the nestling bill and nails are black; legs
light flesh.
Although I have not yet killed one of the giant ChMane, the genus
most certainly inhabits Luzon. I repeatedly saw large swifts in Benguet
and I fired at them near Mariveles, Bataan. It is only by good fortune
that they are found low enough to kill. Colloadia troglodyte-^ prol)ably
occurs in Benguet, for I saw a small white-rumped swift there several
times.
COLLOCALIA MARGINATA Salvad.
In Mindoro numbers of these birds were seen feeding over a mangrove
swamp near the beach. One was killed at Puerto (jalera on Decem])er
20, 1902.
Cacomantis merulinus (Scop.).
Jwv., No. 2SSS, April 26, 1908, Irisan, Bmgucf.— Upper parts blackish
brown, the feathers edged with clear pale cinnamon; lower i)arts very
pale yellowish, broadly barred with blackish ])rown; posteriorly the l)ars
become much narrower; wings and tail blackish brown, broadly notched
and barred with clear pale cinnamon like the head and l)ack; rectices
tipped with white. Celestino, my native assistant, tells me that this
bird was on the ground and being fed by one of the small flycatchers,
Ahrornis mgroruin (Moseley).
10
Iyngipicus validirostris Blythe.
Five specimens of this small woodpecker from Lubang agree perfectly
with Luzon and Mindoro examples.
Prionititrus montanus Grant.
This beautiful parrot has been known only from Lepanto. We were
so fortunate as to secure several specimens near Irisan, Benguet, includ-
ing two fine adult males.
CiiiBiA cuYENsis McGrcgor.
On our recent visit to the Island of Cuyo this species was found to be
abundant and a small series collected enables me to give additional data
concerning its measurements.
Ten males measure: Wing, 5.56-5.98 (average, 5.81); tail, 4.92-5.43
(average, 5.19); culmen, 1.22-1.28 (average, 1.24); bill from nostril,
0.89^.95 (average, 0.92).
Ten females measure: Wing, 5. 32-5. 97 (average, 5. 73) ; tail, 4. 76-5. 37
(average, 5.12); culmen, 1.14-1.28 (average, 1.21); bill from nostril,
0.84-0.96 (average, 0.90).
MOTACILLA OCULARIS Swiuh.
A female, killed on Lubang November 3, has a black plastron on the
chest and the feathers of the fore neck black at the tips.
Aethopyga flavipectus Grant.
Abundant on the Island of Lubang. Two specimens from Mariveles,
Bataan, Luzon, differ slightly from the Lubang birds. With more ma-
terial, it may be necessary to give another name to the latter, but for the
present it may stand as flavipectus.
CiNNYRIS AURORA TwCcd.
Very abundant on Cuyo and Cagayancillo. Specimens from these
islands are identical in coloration with typical examples. It was also
found on Agutaya, one of the Cuyos Group.
Anthothreptes chlorigaster Sharpe.
In their distribution list of Philippine birds, Worcester and Bourns
give tliis species as being found in Luzon. This is doubtless a misprint,
A. grimyularis being the Luzon species. Anthothreptes chlorigaster was
aV)undant on Lubang. A large number from there agree very well
with a pair from Ticao, except in having slightly longer bills. Another
comparison will be made wlien more material is at hand.
Dic.EUM luzoniense Grant.
Fairly abundant about Irisan. Three immature males have the red
tliroat patch indicated by a few red feathers; otherwise the under parts
resemble the coloration found in the adult female; upper parts dark
gray; wings sliglitly glossed with dark green; secondaries and coverts
edged and tipped with greenish yellow. The bill in the young bird
11
is very dark brown, except basal two-thirds of lower mandible, Avliich
is yellow. These young males were taken April 20 and May '2I. A
much younger male, taken April 28, lacks all of the red throat patch
and the bill is more extensively yellow. Legs of young, dark ])rown;
but in the adult, black. The condition of the ovaries in specimens
examined indicates that a second brood is raised early in May.
ZosTEROPs sp. inc.
A brilliantly colored Zosterops is abundant on Cagayancillo and it
probably represents an undescribed species.
Cephalophoneus validirostris (Grant).
Nestling, No. 2399, Irisan, Benguet, May i, 1903.— Th(^ nestling is
very similar to the adult, but the upper parts are uniform dark gray,
darker than in adult and lacking the light gray band on forehead; chin,
throat, fore breast, and sides of neck white; remainder of lower ))arts
strongly washed with rusty cinnamon; a narrow median line of white
down breast and belly; the breast crossed with obsolete dusky bars; sec-
ondaries margined with buff; tail tipped with buff. Iris gray; l)ill clear
yellow, slightly dusky along culmen; legs and feet white; nails light
gray. A nest containing three young was found April 20. The ])limi-
age of a fully grown young bird of May 16, No. 2644, is in every Avay
similar to the nestling, but the bill, legs, and nails are darker.
Cephalophoneus nasutus (Scop.).
Nestling, No. 2681, Iriscw., Benguet, May 20, iP(9<^.— Head and neck
blackish brown, the feathers more or less tipped with buff; hind neck,
back, and scapulars rufous chestnut, irregularly barred with dusky;
lower back, rump, and upper tail coverts clearer chestnut and unl)arred;
lower parts as in adult, but sides and breast extensively cinnamon, crossed
by faint dusky bars; lower belly and thighs white; wings blackish brown,
secondaries and most of the coverts with margins of the same color as
the back; rectrices just showing cinnamon tips. Iris gray; ])ill dark
gray above, white below, in gape light yellow; legs and feet very light
gray, almost white, nails a little darker. In one specimen, !)ut a few
days out of the nest, the faint bars are lacking l)oth al)ove and below.
In the adult the mantle is clear ashy gray, sharply defined against
the black of hind neck.
Brachypteryx poliogyna Grant.
This species was described from Lepanto. It is extremely rare in
Benguet Province, our party killing but two specimens. Its rarity may
be more apparent than real as it is found only in tliick undergrowth and
makes no noise so far as I could observe. Iris dark, bill black, legs
and nails dark brown. Measurements of a female, collected May 22,
are: Wing, 2.47; tail, 1.60; tarsus, l.lii; culmen, 0.53; bill from
nostril, 0.32.
12
Hyloterpe albiventris Grant.
Juv., No. 2360, Irisan, Benguet, April 27, 1903. — Above dark reddish
brown, lighter on rump; lower parts light reddish brown, brighter
posteriorly; wings blackish brown, first four primaries edged with white,
the inner primaries and bastard wing edged with olive; secondaries and
coverts margined with olive brown and reddish brown; the very short
tail light olive green. In fully grown young birds this nestling plum-
age is intermingled with that of the adult, producing very curious
effects.
Chimarrhornis bicolor Grant.
Rare and difficult to obtain. A male and female w^ere killed by us
near Irisan. Bill and nails black; legs and feet ver}^ dark irown.
Measurements of Chimarrhornis bicolor.
No.
Date.
Sex.
Wing.
Tail.
Tarsus.
Culmen.
2684
May 20
May 5
Male -
3.03
2.94
2.22
2.20
0.96
0.96
0.56
2475
Female
0.58
Megalurus rijficeps Tweed.
While this species is abundant about Irisan, M. palustris was not once
seen, although it is common enough in the vicinity of Trinidad and
Baguio.
ZosTERORNis w^hiteheadi Grant.
Our specimens have the crown duller than, and lack the yellow line
over eye, show^n in plate (Ibis, 1894, PI. XV). Bill black, legs and feet
dull greenish, nails light horn gray, iris brown.
PsEunoTHARRHALEUs CAUDATUS Grant.
This is another Lepanto species whose range we have extended to
Benguet. Three males w^ere obtained near Irisan.
Measurements of Pseudotharrhaleiis caudatus.
No.
Date.
Sex.
Wing.
Tail.
Culmen.
Tarsus.
2316
Apr. 25
May 12
May 22
Male _
2.40
2.42
2.46
3.38
3.38
3.27
0.58
0.61
0.62
1.05
1.02
1.04
2575
Male __ _
2702
Male _
The bill, legs, feet, and nails are dark brown; lower mandible lighter;
iris tan brown.
lOLE PHILIPPINENSIS (Gm. ).
The fruit thrush of Lu bang does not differ from the Luzon form.
Several Verde specimens are of a curiously light plumage, but may be
referred to the Luzon species; they are certainly not lole raindorensis,
which is a very distinct species.
13
Pericrocotus novus Wardlaw Ramsey.
The Luzon Pericrocotus seems to be undescribed, and as we were so for-
Dunate as to secure five specimens near Irisan, Bengu-et, I venture to give
descriptions of the plumages at some length. Grant had specimens from
Benguet and Albay and one male from Negros. He does not describe
the plumage, and remarks: ''I have now, however, ascertained beyond
doub^ that the specimen in question (from Benguet) is Pericrocotus novw^
of MaJ. Wardlaw Ramsey" (Ibis, 1895, p. 110). As the Major's only
specimen was lost in the mail and as he took no description of it, I fail
to understand how we can know what it was like.
Adult male, No. 2500, Coll Phil Mm., Irisan, BcngKct, May 7, 1903.—
Throat, neck, sides of neck, head, and mantle black with a very faint
dark steel-blue gloss; lower back, rump, and upper tail coverts rich
Pompeian orange; lower parts, except throat, rich orange, becoming more
intense on the under tail coverts; wings black crossed !)y two bars of
orange formed by colored areas on primaries, secondaries, and greater
coverts; on the quills these markings have corresponding spots on the
inner webs which form a diagonal band of dark buff, seen when inside
of wing is examined; lining of wing pale orange- tail viewed from above
mostly black; from below mostly fiery Pompeian orange; this results
from the fact that the short outer rectrices are black on about basal half
only, while the long central feathers are black for their whole length,
only the outer web being orange near the tip. Bill, legs, and nails
black. Length, 7.25 inches.
Adult female, No. 2Jf99, Coll. Phil Mus., Irisan, Benguet, May 7, 1903.—
Markings somewhat as in the adult male, but the orange replaced by
rich lemon yellow, which extends over the throat, sides of neck, and cliin
and also forms a narrow frontal band which extends backward on eacli
side to over center of eye; the head and mantle are black, but lack the
gloss seen in the male.
Immature male, No. 21^97, Irisan, Benguet, May 7, 1903. — Resembles
the adult female in having the frontal band at base of bill, and in hav-
ing the chin and throat yellow. The under parts are pale orange, largely
mixed with pale lemon yellow^, the under tail coverts being altogether
of the latter color; the rectrices are pale orange tipped wdth lemon; the
central pair totally black. On the head and mantle there are many
blackish brown feathers tipped with pale buff, and other glossy black
feathers of the new plumage. The lower back and rump are orange
with a mixture of lemon. The wing markings are very light orange.
Immature femMe, No. 2801, Irisan, Benguet, June 1, 1903. — Nearly all
of the tail molted out. Exactly like adult female, but many feathers
of head, mantle, sides of neck, and wings are brown with buff margins.
Stoparola nigrimentalis Grant.
Nestling, No. 274-0, Irisan, Benguet, May 25, 1903. — ^"Above ])lackish,
each feather broadly tipped with yellow^ish brown; below dark l)uff, the
14
feathers edged with l)lack; median area on abdomen white; the partly
grow^n wing feathers show the bine outer web as in the adult. Some of
the dark l)rownish down still adheres to feathers of head and baek. Bill
brown, pale yellow in corners of mouth; legs and feet pale flesh; nails
light horn l)rown.
NEW LOCALITIES FOR KNOWN SPECIES.
-The following species are now authentically recorded for the first time,
it is l)elieved, from the localities named:
Gallusgallos (Linn.).
Exealf actor ia lineata (Scoi). ).
Osniotreron axillariH (Bonap.).
Phabotreron leucotis (I'ennn.).
Leucotreron leclancheri (Bonap.).
Cari)op}iaga aenea (Linn.).
Cohnri])a griseigularis (Wald. and Lay-
ard ) .
8trei)topclia duBsuniitui (Tenim.).
Onopopelia humiliH (Tenim.).
( reo] )elia striata ( Linn. ) .
Chalco})lia])H indica (Linn.).
Arenaria interpres (Linn.),
(/haradrins doniinicuH (1\ L. S. Midi.).
Ochthodronms tycoffroyi (Wagler).
Ochtliodronius niongoliis (Pall. ).
Aegialitis dnbia (Scop.).
AegialitiH peroni (Bonap.).
NumeninH variegatns (Scop.).
HeteractitiB brevipes (Vieill.).
Tringoides hyj)oleucuH (Linn.).
Rhvacophalus glareola ((Jniel.).
(rallinago niegala Swinh.
Rostratida capcnsis (IJnn.).
Garzetta garzetta (Linn.).
Dennegretta sacra (Gniel.).
Bubnlcus coroinandas (Bodd.)
Biitorides javanica (Ilorsf. ).
Anas luzonica Fraser.
Butastur indicus (Gniel.).
Haliastur intermedins Gnrney.
l\dergoj)sis gouldi Sliarpe.
Alcedo ispida Linn.
Halcyon gularis (Kuld).
Halcyon chloris (Bodd.).
Mei'ops bicolor Bodd.
Caconiantis nierulinus (Scop.).
Centropus viridis (Scop.).
Cacatuahaenuitnropygia(P. L. S. Midi.),
lyngipicus validirostris Blytli.
Corone philipjnna Bonap.
Sarcops calvus (Linn.).
Dicrunis balicassius (Linn.).
Oriolns chinensis Linn.
Mania jagori Martens.
Motacilla ocularis Swinh.
Motacilla nielanope Pali.
Motacilla flava Linn.
Anthus rufnlus VieilL
Anthus gnstavi Swinh.
Aethopyga flavipectus Grant.
Cinnyris sperata (Linn.).
Cinnyris jugularis (Linn.).
Anthothreptes chlorigaster Sharpe.
Dicaeum rubriventer Less.
Dicaeum pygniaeuni (Kittl.).
Piprisonia aeruginosuni (Bourns and
Wore).
Zosterops nieyeni (Bp.).
Otoinela lucionensis (Linn.).
Artanius leucogaster (Wagler).
Acanthopneuste boreaUs (Bias.).
Pratincola caprata (Linn.).
Megalurus ruficeps Tweed.
Cisticola exilis (Vig. and Ilorsf.).
Petrophila manilla (Bodd.).
Coi)sychus mindanensis (Gniel.).
lole philippinensis (Gmel.).
Artaniides striatus (Bodd.).
Lalage terat (Bodd.).
1 1 en lich el idon gri seisticta (Swinh.).
Gerygone simplex Cabanis.
Hypothyinis occipitalis Vig.
Rliipidura nigritorquis A^ig.
Zeocephus rufus (G. R. Gray).
Ilirundo javanica Sparrm.
Pitta erythrogastra Tennn.
Excalfactoria lineata (Scop.
Turnix fasciata (Tennn.).
Geopelia striata (Linn.).
15
Charadrius dominicus (P. L. S. Miill.)-
Gallinago gallinago (Linn.)-
Bubulcus coromandus (Bodd.).
Anas luzonica Eraser.
Spatula clypeata (Linn.).
Halcyon coromandus (Latham).
Merops pliilippinensis Linn.
Collocalia marginata Salvad.
Surniculus velutinus Sharpe.
Hierococcyx fugax (Horsf. ).
Mirafra philippinensis Wardlaw Eamsey.
Anthus gustavi Swinli.
Gerygone simplex Cabanis.
YEKDE.
Osmotreron axillaris (Bonap.).
Carpophaga aenea (Linn.).
Streptopelia dussumieri (Temni.).
Geopelia striata (Linn.).
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.).
Hypotaenidia torquata (Linn.).
Tringoides hypoleucus ( Linn. ) .
Butastur indicus (Gmel.).
Haliaetus leucogaster (Gmel.).
Eurystomus orientalis (Linn.).
Alcedo ispida Linn.
Halcyon gularis (Kuhl).
Halcyon chloris (Bodd.).
Collocalia whiteheadi Grant.
Tanygnathus lucionensis (Linn.).
Corone philippina Bonap.
Sarcops calvus (Linn.).
Dicrurus balicassius (Linn. ) .
Oriolus chinensis Linn.
Motacilla melanope Pall.
Cinnyris jugularis (Linn.).
Dicaeum rubriventer Less.
Zosterops meyeni Bonap.
Otomela lucionensis (Linn. ).
Artamus leucogaster (Wagler).
Acanthopneuste borealis (Bias.).
Cisticola exilis (Vig. and Horsf.).
Petrophila manilla Bodd.
Copsychus mindanensis (Gmel.).
lole philii:>pinensis (Gmel.).
Pycnonotus goiavier (Scop.).
(lerygone simplex Cabanis.
Hypothymis occipitalis Vig.
Khipidura nigritorquis Vig.
Pitta erythrogastra Temm.
Streptopelia dussumieri (Temm.).
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.).
Ochthodromus mongolus (Pall.).
Aegialitis alexandrina (Linn.).
Limonites ruficollis (Pall.).
Fregata sp.
Scops sp.
Ninox japonica (Temm. and Sch. ).
Collocalia francica (Gmel.).
Eudynamis mindanen^^is (Linn.).
Cinnyris aurora (Tweed.).
Acanthopneuste borealis (Bias.).
Lalage terat (Ikxld.).
Rhipidura nigritorquis Vig.
Hirundo javanica Sparrm.
AGUTAYA.
streptopelia dussumieri (Temm.).
Tringoides liypoleucus (Linn.).
Sterna bergii Lichtens.
Eregata sp.
Calornis panayensis (Scoj). ).
Cinnyris aurora (Tweed.).
Otomela lucionensis (Linn.).
Petrophila manilla Bodd.
CACAYANCIELO.
Megapodius cumingi Dillwyn.
Leucotreron leclancheri (Boinq). ).
Carpophaga pickeringi Cass.
Streptopelia dussumieri (Tenun.).
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.).
Hypotaenidia torquata (Linn.).
Rallina euryzonoides (Lafresn. ).
Limnobaenus fuscus (Linn.).
Arenaria interi)res (Linn.).
Ochthodrouuis geoffroyi (AVagler).
Ochthodronuis mongolus (Pall.).
Aegialitis dubia (Scop.).
Numenius variegatus (Scop.).
Heteractitis brevi|)es (VieilL).
Tringoides hypoleucus (Linn.).
Garzetta garzetta (Linn.).
Demiegretta sacra ( ( Jmel. ) .
Butorides javanica ( 1 1 orsf . ) .
Sida j)iscatrix?
Eregata aquila (Linn.).
Fregata ariel ( Gould ) .
Astur soloensis (Horsf.).
Astur cuculoides (Teuun.).
Butastur indicus (Gmel.).
Eurystonuis orientalis (Liiui. ).
Alcedo ispida Linn.
Halcyon chloris (Bodd.).
Merops bicolor Bodd.
Collocalia whiteheadi Grant.
16
Collocalia francica (Gmel.)-
Hierococcyx f ugax ( Horsf . ) .
Cacomantis merulinus (Scop.)-
Eudynamis mindanensis ( Linn. ) .
Centropus viridis (Scop.).
Corone philippina Bonap.
Calornis panayensis (Scop.).
Oriolus chinensis Linn.
An thus gustavi Swinh.
Cinnyris aurora (Tweed.).
Zosterops sp.
Otomela lucionensis (Linn.).
Acanthopneuste borealis (Bias.).
Petrophila manilla Bodd.
Lalageterat (Bodd.).
Heniichelidon griseisticta (Swinh.
SPECIES FROM IRISAN, BENGUET PROVINCE, LUZON.
The birds of the Luzon highlands are so little known that it seems
worth wdiile to give a complete list of what we found, more especially
as the exact locality is knowai.
Gal I us gallus ( Linn. ) .
Phabotreron leucotis (Teniin. ).
Ptilocolpa carola Bp.
Macropygia tenuirostris Bp.
Butorides javanica (Horsf.).
Accipiter manillensis (Meyen).
Butastur indicus (Gm, ).
P^eiidoptynx philippensis (Kaup).
Scops longicornis Grant.
BatrachoHtouius niicrorhynchus ( J rant.
Eurystonius orientalis (Linn.).
Alcedo isj)ida Linn.
Halcyon gularis (Kuhl.).
Hydrocorax hydrocorax (Linn.).
Caprinudgus manillensis Wald.
CoUocalia fuciphaga (Thunb. ).
Collocalia lincbi Horsf. and Moore.
Collocalia wbiteheadi Grant.
Macropteryx coniata (Teniin. )•
Hierococcyx spaverioides (Vig. ).
Cacomantis merulinus (Scop.).
Ijepidogrammus cunungi (Fraser).
Prioniturus montanus ( rrant.
Loriculus philippensis (P. L. S. Miill.).
lyngipicus validirostris Blyth.
Chrysocolaptes liaematribon ( Wagler).
Tbriponax javensis ( Horsf. ) .
Corone pbilippina Bp.
Sarcops calvus ( Linn. ).
Munia jagori Martens.
Munia cabanisi Sbarpe.
Uroloncha everetti (Tweed.).
Loxia lu7.oniensis Grant.
Motacilla melanope Pall.
Motacilla flava Linn.
Anthus rufuluH Vieil.
Anthus gustavi Swinh.
Anthus maculatus Hodgs.
Dendrophila mesoleuca Grant.
Eudrepanis jefferyi Grant.
Dicaeum pygniaeum ( K i ttl. ) .
Dicaeurn luzoniense Grant.
Dicaeum obscurum Grant.
Zosterops meyeni Bp.
Pardaliparus elegans Less.
Hyloterpe albiventris Grant.
Cephalophoneus nasutus (Scop.).
Cephalophoneus validirostris (Grant).
Artamus leucogaster (Wagler).
Acanthopneuste borealis (Bias.).
Horornis seebohmi (Grant).
Pratincola caprata (Linn.).
Brachypteryx poliogyna Grant.
Chimarrhornis bicolor Grant.
Megalurus ruficeps Tweed.
Megalurus i)alustris Horsf.
Phyllergates philippinus Hartert.
Cisticola exilis (Vig. and Horsf.).
Merula thomassoni Seebohm.
Petrophila manilla Bodd.
Zosterornis wbiteheadi Grant.
Pseudotharrbaleus caudatus Grant,
lole philippinensis (Gm.).
Artamides striatus (Bodd.).
Pericrocotus novus AVardlaw Ramsey.
Hemichelidon griseisticta (Swinh.).
Muscicapula luzoniensis Grant.
Muscicapula westermanni Sharpe.
Rhipidura cyaniceps ( Cass. ) .
Culicicapa heliathea ( Wall. ).
Abrornis nigrorum (Moseley).
Stoparola nigrimentalis Grant.
o
BULLETIN
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
No. -4
feuf.I M,nj 1.1, sum
THE BIRD^ OF WLAYAN AND FIHiA, liABUyAN (11101:1'
BY RICHARD C. MCGREGOR
MA "^ I LA
lU'" I'ctii.rc piiiNTii
1904
BULLETIN
PHILIPPINE MUSEUM
"No. -1
Is^nr'l Mai/ ir>, i'.'O'j
THE BIRDS OF CALAIAN m WA. IIAIil \AN
'UAliD
By Richard C. McGrkgor
MANILA
HUUE.MI OF I'Ulil.lC rlilNTINi;
1904
THE BIRDS OF CALAYAN AND PUGA, BABUYAN
GROUP.
By Richard C. McGregor.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE.
Due north of Luzon are a number of small islands known as the
Babuyanes, and north of this group are the Batanes. The small lot of
birds secured on Fuga Island by Mr. John Whitehead has been the
only collection known from any of these islands. In August, 1903, we
took a steamer to Aparri, in north Luzon, where after much delay we
secured a native boat to take us to the Islands of Fuga and Calayan in
the Babuyanes. I intended to visit Camiguin as well, but owing to
the light and variable breezes it was found to be impracticable.
The present paper deals with the collection of over 1,000 skins which
was made on Calayan and Fuga. A few species from Luzon and other
islands are also discussed in their proper order. Three species from
Ticao and one from Lubang, overlooked or not idt^ntified before, are
now recorded for the first time and may be added to my lists from
those islands in former bulletins. The nomenclature of this paper fol-
lows closely that of Sharpe's Hand List and the Catalogue of Birds.
Salangana has been substituted for CoUocalia, and Otus for Scops. My
thanks are due to Secretary Worcester, who has continued to direct our
collecting operations, and to Dr. Charles W. Richmond, of the United
States National Museum, who has kindly identified a number of doubt-
ful species.
The following species are described as new:
Turnix worcesteri. Eudynamis frater.
Macropygia phaea. Zosterops flavissima.
Otus cuyensis. Hyloterpe fallax.
Otus calayensis.
The following forms are new to the Philippines:
Sphenocercus formosse. Acrocephalus sorgophilus.
Oceanodroma, species. Chelidon dasypus.
Sterna fluviatilis. Chvicola riparia.
Polionetta zonorhyncha. Astur cuculoides.
Mareca penelope. Turdus pallidus.
Spodiopsar sericeus. Antigone sharpei.
Chrysomitris spinus. Fringilla montifringilla.
Saxicola senanthe.
The following appear to be new to Luzon:
Pandion haliaetus. Locustella ochotensis.
Tachornis infumata.
Added to list of Ticao birds :
Charadrius dominicus. Heteractites breYipes.
Anthus gustavi. Circus melanoleucus.
Added to list of Liibang birds :
Spizaetus limnaetiis.
LIST OF PLATES.
I. Fig. 1, Immix worcesteri, new species, type ?; fig. 2, T. whiteheadi Grant, ?.
II. Antigone sharpei Blanf.
Ill and IV. Felecanas philippensis Gm.
V. Fig. 1, Hyloterpe alhwerdris Gmni ?; fig. 2, H. fallax, new species, type ?;
fig. 3, //. philippinensis Walden 9 •
ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL NOTES.
FUGA.
The name Fuga is scarcely known among the natives at Aparri^ and
on the island itself^ as well as on Calayan, Enga is known as ^^Babuyan.^^
The round island marked ^'^Babuyan^^ on the maps and situated about
30 miles to the northeast of Calayan is called ^^Babuyan Claro^^ by the
natives. Off Musa., marked on the map as the only town on I^uga, the
anchorage is poor, the ground being very foul. A sandy beach^ sheltered
by the two small islands Bari and Rigatin (the latter marked ^^Mabac^^
on my map), exists at the western end of the island, though there
are plenty of hidden rocks here as elsewhere about the island.
F'uga is a low, scantily wooded island 12 miles long by 4 miles wide,
distant about 18 miles from the nearest point of the Luzon coast. Along
the shore is a fringe of small trees and brush, while the low, rolling
ground of the interior is covered only with grass and a few stunted
guava bushes. The island is of coral formation, and along the northern
shore there are evidences of several elevations in steep coral cliffs, the
summits of which are 100 feet or more above the present beach. There
are no streams on the island. The seven days devoted to Fuga were
quite enough to determine the general character of its bird fauna and
to secure typical specimens of Hypsipetes fugensis, which were the main
objects of our visit.
The island is scarcely worth a visit, as there is no forest and few
birds. Besides the fruit thrush, Cinnyris and Eudynamis are the only
birds of interest. Grant records seven species from F^uga. These were
collected by Whitehead and are :
Megapodius cumingi. Endynamis sp. inc.
Carpophaga nucbalis. Hypsipetes fugensis.
Accipiter gularis. Oriolus chinensis.
Ninox japonica.
To these must be added Butastur indicus, Ilaliaetus leucogaster, and
Falco peregrinus, recorded by Whitehead in his Field Notes ^ on Phil-
ippine Birds. During our stay we observed 22 additional species, bring-
ing the number of Fuga birds up to 32.
UNRECORDED BIRDS OBSERVED ON EUGA.
Galkis gallus. Centropiis viridis.
Streptopeha dussumieri. Coroiie philippina.
Chalcophaps indica. Calornis panayensis.
Charadrius dominicus. Munia jagori.
^giahtis peroni. Anthus rufukis.
Orthoramphus magnirostris. Cinnyris whitehead!.
Demiegretta sacra. Dicaeum pyginseum.
Ninox japonica. Otomela hicionensig.
Eurystomus orientaHs. Acanthopneuste borealis.
Halcyon chloris. Cisticola exilis.
Merops bicolor. Hinindo gutturalis.
Eudynamis f rater.
All of these are Philippine birds or common migrants, except Eudy-
namis frater, which is here described from Calayan, and IJypsipetes
fugensis, which is of an Asiatic genus with representatiye species in
Japan, Loo Choo, and Formosa. The Fuga species is abundant on
Calayan. The only other species of interest is Cinnyris wliiteheadi,
now recorded for the first time outside of Luzon. Zoologically Fuga
must be classed with Calayan because of the occurrence of the three
species mentioned and the absence of all the peculiar Luzon genera.
CALAYAN.
Calayan lies about 25 miles north of Fuga and is a little larger than
that island. It has a moderately high central ridge of hills. The whole
island is covered with heavy forest interspersed with occasional patches
of tall ^^cogon^^ grass. The natives told me that numerous species of
valuable timber trees abound. I know only that the woods are well
suited for woodpeckers, hornbills, etc. The absence of such birds was
a continual wonder to me. Along the beach Just above high water is
a belt of large-flow^ered trees known locally as "butun'^ — Tagalo name,
"by-ac-to-ro.'^ N^othing of value in the way of birds was ever taken in
these butun trees except a small hawk, several specimens of which were
killed here and nowhere else. Wild guavas are abimdant. An inferior
variety of banana is planted to a considerable extent, though it can
not be said that it is cultivated. Cocoanut trees exist in small patches.
Tobacco, corn, rice, and camotes are cultivated in quantities sufficient
for local use. I understand that some rice is exported in case of a
large crop. I was told that a good quality of cotton is grown, but I
did not see any of it. Carabaos and pigs, both of which may have
escaped from domestication, appear to be the only wild mammals.
1 Field Notes on Birds Collected in the Philippine Islands in 1893-1896 [part 1],
Ibis, 1899, pp. 81-111.
There are numerous small rivers on Calayan, four of them being
within a mile of the town. The island seems to have been pretty much
all under the sea, for I found coral limestone extensively over the lower
parts and at the highest points visited. Near the eastern point of
the island, however, there are fairly well-preserved basaltic columns.
The climate is excessively wet. During the time we were there
scarcely thirty-six consecutive hours passed without at least a shower.
In November and December there were continuous heavy rains, which
interfered seriously with our work. The strong northerly and north-
easterly winds reduced the temperature below the point of comfort. On
October 20 a typhoon, which destroyed the church and many houses,
cut down all of the bananas and ruined much of the rice, which was
nearly ripe. The natives told me that this was the strongest wind they
had ever seen.
Some 95 species of birds were noted on Calayan, of which the fol-
lowing are Philippine :
Leucotreron leclancheri. Uroloncha everetti.
Amaurornis olivacea. Cinnyris whiteheadi.
Podicipes phihppinensis. Dicseum pygmseum.
Salangana marginata. Zosterops meyeni.
Eudynamis mindanensis. Pardaliparus elegans.
Corone philippina. Muscicapula luzonensis.
Oriolus chinensis.
The above species are enough to outweigh the presence of two Asiatic
genera (nypsipetes and Sphenacercus).
Calayan, Fuga, and probably the other Babuyanes (Camiguin, Dalu-
piri, and Babuyan) belong zoologically with the Philippines, but by
no means can they be joined with the Luzon group. The genera llypsi-
peies and Sphenocercus, with representative species of Macro pygia, Otiis,
Eudynamis, and Hyloterpe, give Calayan a very distinct fauna. The
negative evidence is even stronger, for of the forty or fifty species
peculiar to the Luzon group only Cinnyris whiteheadi and Zosterops
meyeni occur on ('alayan. The following genera are altogether wanting:
PenelopideSy Dicrurus, BendropJiUa, Megalurus, Orthotomus, Cittocin-
cla, Pycnonotus, Artamides, Hypothymis, Rhipidura, Pitta; also all the
woodpeckers, parrots, sunbirds (but one), and flower-peckers (but one).
As we spent four months on the island there is little probability that any
of these forms occur and were overlooked.
A number of species added to the Philippine list from Calayan are
of interest, but as they are probably migrants they afford no evidence
as to the fauna! relationship of the Babuyanes. It is probable that
most of them will be taken in Luzon.
NOTES ON THE SPECIES OBSERVED.
Megapodius cumingi Dillwyn.
Abundant on Fuga, where several specimens were killed and many
more were seen. Few seen on Calayan, but many of the pinkish eggs
brought in by the natives during September and October. Small young
''tabon'' were killed early in October. The Calayan name is "ou-cong.''
Gallus gallus (Linn.).
Abundant on Fuga; rare on Calayan.
TuRj^^ix WHiTEHEADi Grant; Handbook Game Birds, II, 1897, p. 276.
Known only from three birds purchased in Manila by Mr. John
Whitehead. In August, 1902, we rediscovered this species in the Quinta
Market, Manila. The natives said the birds were caught at Paraiiaque,
which is a town on Manila Bay. In our series of twenty skins the sexes
constantly differ, and I add a description of the adult female, together
with a series of measurements:
Adult female.^-No. 1322, Philippine Museum Collection. Purchased
in Quinta Market, Manila, August 26, 1902. Probably from Parahaque.
Description. — Similar to adult male, but distinguished by a dark
chestnut collar, narrow on hind neck, wide on sides of neck. General
color of upper parts black; feathers of head broadly tipped with dull
chestnut; down middle of head from bill to hind neck a distinct line
of pale straw yellow, terminated by the cervical collar; remainder of
feathers on upper parts barred with dull chestnut; some of the inter-
scapulars edged with whitish; lateral feathers of lower back, rump, and
upper tail coverts broadly edged and tipped with dark buff. Primaries
light brown edged with paler; primary coverts rather blackish brown;
bastard wing blackish brown, the largest plume broadly edged with
white externally; secondaries light brown with a mottled edging of
darker brown and whitish ; tertiaries and scapulars much like the back,
the latter broadly edged with huffy yellow; secondary coverts mostly
dull chestnut, each feather with a large black spot and light buff edges.
Whole sides of face pale buff, most of the feathers black tipped, fore:^head
similar. Chin, upper throat, lower breast, and abdomen white; lower
throat and upper breast covered by a patch of dark buff, which also
extends over sides of these areas; some feathers on sides of these areas
each with a large black spot; a few feathers under wings largely dull
chestnut. Total length, 5.25 inches; wing, 2.26; tail, 1.02; culmen,
0.43; depth of bill at angle of gonys, 0.14; tarsus, 0.73; middle toe
with claw, 0.60.
Measurements of Turnix whiteheadi.
Sex.
Wing.
Tail.
Culmen.
Tarsus.
Male _
2.32
2.40
2.30
2.32
2.23
2.38
2.53
2.36
2.42
0.90
1.10
.87
.66
.80
.88
.85
.80
.72
0.40
.36
.40
.40
.38
.41
.89
.42
.38
0.72
.68
65
Do _
Do ..__ ,__ _
Do
Do___
.70
65
Female- _____
72
Do_ _
66
Do
Do
.68
.68
8
Turnix whiteheadi evidently begins nesting in August^ for several
live birds from the market during that month contained eggs. Two of
these eggs we were able to preserve entire. As may be seen by the
measurements^ they are rather short. The short diameter crosses the
long diameter near* its middle, and the outline slopes gently to the
smaller end, producing a shape less pyriform than in the eggs of our
x4merican partridges.
DESCRIPTIONS.
No. 1. August 26, 1902. — White with numerous obscure lilac-shell
markings; around the larger end a band of dark sienna 0.20 inch wide,
whose edges are ragged and near which are a very few brown spots.
The dark zone incloses a white and unspotted area 0.35 inch in diameter.
This egg measures 0.78 by 0.63.
No. 2. August 16, 1902. — Very similar to the other egg, but the dark
band more broken on margins and entire larger end to middle covered
with a dark-brown wash. The edge of this color area is well defined
and slightly irregular, a few fine specks along its edge; smaller end of
egg with a faint brown wash. This egg measures 0.79 by 0.65.
If egg No. 1 w^ere half immersed in strong coffee it would be colored
nearly like egg No. 2. As these eggs were taken from the oviduct —
that is, before they were deposited normally — I am inclined to think
that they may be somewhat abnormal, or not fully colored, and No. 1
especially tends to confirm this idea.
TURNIX WORCESTERI, new species.
Type. — No. 1350, adult female, Philippine Museum Collection. Pur-
chased in Quinta Market, Manila, August 30, 1902. Probably from
Parailaque, Luzon.
Description. — General color above, black; on the forehead, spotted with
white; on crown and nape, feathers tipped with pale but! and some
edged with white, producing an incomplete white line on middle of head
(this line may be perfect in a well-made skin) ; feathers on back and
rump barred and tipped with pale buff, on the interscapular area edged
also witli white; feathers on sides of face mostly white with black tips;
lores white; feathers on sides of neck black, each with a wide subterminal
bar of white; a small black spot behind ear; breast and throat rusty
buff, extending up each side of the white chin area as rusty buff tips
to the feathers and bounded above by the black-tipped white feathers
of malar region; flanks, under tail coverts, and sides of abdomen and
breast are also rusty buff, but paler; center of abdomen white; a few
feathers on sides of abdomen are barred with blackish brown. Primaries,
their coverts, and secondaries blackish gray; four outer primaries nar-
rowly edged with whitish; secondaries barred with whitish on outer
web. Scapulars like the back but with wide edges of whitish buff.
/!
9
Secondary coverts blackish mottled and edged with pale buff. Tail
blackish, edged with pale buff. Bill pale bluish; legs flesh pink, nails
slightly darker; irides very pale yellow. Length, 5 inches; wing, 2.80;
tail, 0.93; culmen, 0.41; depth of bill at angle of gonys, 0.23; tarsus,
0.66; middle toe with claw, 0.71.
This bird is known to us from the type specimen purchased in the
market where it was found with others of the same genus. It is readily
distinguishable from any other Luzon Turnix by its very deep, short bill.
Sphexocercus FOiiMOs^ Swinh. ; Salvadori, Cat. Bds., XXI, p. 13, PL L
Fairly abundant on Calayan, where it is called "pu-nai,'' a name used
for Osmotreron in many of the Philippine Islands. This bird may be
distinct from the Formosa species, which is said to occur in the moun-
tains of that country, but I can iind nothing in our series of a dozen
skins to justify a separation, and a comparison will be necessary for
final identification. The genus is new to the Philippines.
Leucotreron leclanoheri (Bp.).
Three specimens from Calayan agree with some from Luzon and
Mindoro. Shy and difficult to obtain.
Carpophaga nuohalis Cab.; Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 487 (Fuga) ; White-
head, Ibis, 1899, p. 487.
' Both Grant and Whitehead were very sure that the single specimeu
which they had from Fuga was distinct from C. miclialis of Luzon.
Our four .skins from Fuga and Cahiyan are alike and bave a dark-
purplish nuchal band. W'ith no Luzon material at hand for comparison
it is necessary to let these stand as nuchalis. Fairly common on Fuga
and abundant on Calayan.
About the middle of Xovember these birds collect in large flocks, sonu!-
times numbering 100 or more. They are easily killed if they ba])p(^n
to pass near one, but when feeding or resting in trees they take fright
at the first sign of danger. All specimens killed were extremely fat,
so that good skins were out of the question. Xame on Calayan, ''balug.''
CoLUMBA GRiSEiGULARis (Wald. and Layard).
A few were seen in the tops of the heaviest timber. One killed was
so fat that I made no attempt to get more.
MACROPYGIA PIUilA, new species.
Specific characters. — Somewhat similar to M. tenuirostris Bp., but
larger and much darker; the inner webs of first three primaries unifonn,
the others but narrowly, if at all, edged with rufous.
Type. — Xo. 3933, adult male, Philippine Museum Collection, Calayan
Island, Babuyanes, P. I. Collected Xovember 18, 1903, by R. C. Mc-
Gregor and A. Celestino.
Description. — Upper parts, including wings and tail, blackish brown ;
back and rump feathers with wide edges of very dark-bluish slate (these
10
edges are very obscure) ; entire head dark chestnut brown, a little lighter
on forehead, the occiput and nape dark; entire side of head below and
behind eye of same shade as forehead ; the chin and upper throat light
chestnut,^ restricted laterally by dark sides of face; rest of lower parts
dark chestnut brown, minutely vermiculated with black, which is
heaviest on breast, where the black tends to form crescent marks; sides
of neck and top of head' also finely vermiculated. Abdomen, under
tail coverts, and axillaries uniform dark chestnut (in one specimen the
black specks and vermiculations extend onto abdomen and under tail
coverts) ; breast and abdomen with a vinous wash; lining of wing dark
chestnut mixed with blackish brown. Upper breast, sides of neck, and
hind neck metallic green when held toward the light, metallic purple
when held away from the light. Wings uniform blackish brown above;
below the first three primaries are without chestnut margins ; the inner-
most primaries are narrowly margined with chestnut on basal half.
From ahovc^ tlie short outer pair of tail feathers chestnut, with a wide
blackish bar near tip ; second pair mostly blackish with a wide diagonal
chestnut bar about 2 inches from tip; remaining feathers blackish
brown. Bill brown with reddish base; legs dark reddish brown, nails
brown; irides of three rings, outer crimson, middle black, inner straw.
Total length, 16.25 inches; wing, 7.78; tail, 7.80; culmen, 0.70; tar-
sus, 0.94.
Type of female.— ^0. 3714, Philippine Museum Collection. Calayan
Island, October 23, 1903. Collected by E. C. McGregor and A. Celestino.
Description. — Resembles the male, but feathers of lower throat exten-
sively black with chestnut tips; just posterior of the light chin spot
the feathers are almost solid black, some having chestnut bases and
others chestnut tips; the sides of neck are blackish with small chestnut
specks on feathers, behind ear coverts forming irregular bars. No metal-
lic gloss below and much restricted above where it is mostly green, only
a faint trace of purple being detected. Colors of bill, legs, and eyes
as in male. Total length, 16 inches; wing, 7.70; tail, 7.68; culmen,
0.70; tarsus, 0.85.
The present species seems to be one of the darkest forms yet described.
It is larger and darker than tenuirostris of the Philippines, which is
said to have the tail much darker chestnut brown than the allied phasea-
nella (Australia) and erniliana (Java, North Borneo, Lombok). It
certainly does not approach the wide ranging rufieeps (Java, Sumatra,
Borneo, ancT^Malay Peninsula), which has the wing only 5.5-5.8 inches.
(Cat. Bds., Vol. XXI, p. 347.)
The species is rather abundant on Calayan, and its habits do not
differ from those of M. tenidrosiris. Like Sphenocercus, it was feeding
on tree fruits when we reached the island in September, but a typhoon
during the latter part of October cut down most of the higher fruiting
branches with their protecting foliage and both these species of doves
11
were then found in small trees and bushes. Known to the natives as
"a-la-ga^'-dang.'^
With regard to the female plumage of M. tenuirostris, our specimens
tend to confirm the statements of Salvadori (Cat. Bds.) and Grant
(Ibis, 1895, p. 470) that the adult female differs in plumage from
the male. One of our specimens from Benguet taken May 1, 1903,
showed unmistakable signs of being a breeding female and resembles
the plumage described for young birds, including the "broad rufous-
cinnamon edges on the upper wing coverts.'' A breeding male taken
at the same time and place has rufous-cinnamon edges to the wing
coverts. It seems probable that two or perhaps three seasons are required
for either sex of this species to attain the ftilly adult plumage.
Streptopelia dussumieri (Temm.).
Eare on Calayan, where it is called "pagau.''
Onopopelia humilis (Temm.).
One of a pair killed in a Calayan rice field November 13 ; no others
seen.
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.).
This green ground dove occurs in its usual numbers on both islands
visited. One specimen from Fuga, where the species is rather more
common than on Calayan, is albinistic. A few feathers on the breast,
abdomen, shoulders, back, and rump and one tail feather are pure wbite.
(No. 2995; Coll. Phil. Mus.) On Calayan it is caUed "li-mu'-kin."
SuLA SULA (Linn.) ?
September 7 as we were nearing the Island of Calayan a pair of
gannets circled about our boat. They were probably of this species, but
I never saw them again and in fact have never seen gannets near a
beach in the Philippines.
Antigone sharpei Blanf. ; Sharpe, Hand List Birds, p. 178 (Malay
Peninsula, etc.).
Antigone antigone Sharpe, Cat. Bds., XXIII, p. 264.
This bird is well known to the Tagalos as "tipol,^' but seems to be
unrecorded from these Islands. A mounted specimen said to have been
taken at Aparri has been received in exchange from Father Sanchez,
of the Jesuit Museum, Manila. Secretary Worcester had a live bird
of this species for some time, said to have been taken in Candaba swamp.
The bird is now in the Botanical Gardens, Manila.
DissouRA episcopus (Bodd.) ?
A large bird believed to have been of this species was occasionally seen
on Calayan.
PoLiOLiMNAS (?) species.
Once or twice I flushed a small rail from a rice field on Calayan, but
could not be sure as to the genus. A liberal reward offered for a "took-
12
ling'' resulted in the production of two black downy young on October
8^ but no adults.
Amaurornis olivacea (Meyen).
One specimen from Calayan; several others seen. The local name is
"ba-na-ti-ran.''
Gallinula ohloropus (Linn.).
One immature specimen from Calayan.
PODIOIPES PHILIPPENSIS (Boun.).
There is no place on Calayan where one would expect to find grebes,
and I was surprised to get a specimen on the small river near town.
The specimen was taken November 15 and is in fall plumage, lacking
any trace of rufous. Skins taken by us at Jalajala, Laguna de Bay,
on January 5, 1902, have attained nearly the complete plumage of the
breeding bird.
OcEANODROMA, species.
On July 28 while our steamer was weathering a typhoon at Mariveles
near the mouth of Manila Bay I secured a single mangled petrel still
alive. The native boy from whom I bought it said that two or three
had come aboard two nights before. The bird is an Oceanodroma of
the mclania style of coloration, but the skin is in such bad condition,
lacking the tail altogether, that I can not make out the species. The
family appears to be unrecorded from the Philippines.
I believe Puffinus leucomelas is the only species of Tubinares so far
recorded from these Islands. I have not yet taken a shearwater here,
but more than once have seen them of! the west coast of Luzon, and when
going from Aparri to Calayan in a native boat large Tubinares, certainly
of two species, were seen. One may have been an albatross.
Sl'EHNA FLUVIATILIS Kaum.
October 21, after a strong typhoon, two terns appeared off the beach
at Calayan. One killed appears to be an immature male of the above
spcx^es.
Ortiioiiamphus magnirostrts ( Vieill.) .
Three specimens from Calayan and Fuga. Occurs sparingly along
tb.e beaches of both islands. In Calayan known as ^^ta-ba-la-lan.''
Glarjola orientalis Leach.
A few specimens taken on Calayan.
Hydropjiasis cjiirurgus (Scop.).
One killed December 5 on Calayan.
CilARxVDRIUS DOMINICUS (P. L. S. MillL).
Abundant in flocks on both Calayan and Fuga. On Calayan it is
called '^^ca-sa-huit''.^^ We have a specimen in mottled plumage, a male,
13
which was taken on Ticao April 17, 1902. The species should be added
to the list of birds from that island.
^GIALITTS DUBIA (Scop.).
Fairly abundant on Calayan.
zEgialitis alexandrina (Linn.).
Fairly abundant on Calayan.
iEoiALITIS PERONI (Bp.).
Fairly abundant along beaches on both Fuga and Calayan.
OCHTHODROMUS MONGOLUS (Pall.).
Two specimens from Calayan.
Heteractitis brevipes (VieilL).
One killed on Calayan October 21 was the only specimen seen. A
female was collected on Ticao May 27, 1902, and is to be added to the
Ticao list.
Tringoides hypoleucus (Linn.).
Abundant on Calayan.
Rhyagophilus glariola (Gm.).
One specimen from Calayan.
LiMONITES RUFICOLLIS ( Pall. ) .
Very rare; one killed October 23 on Calayan.
GrALLINAGO STENURA (Kuhl). .
Snipe were abundant on Calayan, and the only one preserved is of
this species, of which the only previous Philippine record is Mindanao.
About Manilsi Gallinago megala Swinh. is the common species. Two
specimens of G. gallinago (Linn.) were taken by us at Pandacan, a
suburb of Manila, but stermra appears to be rare.
Key to the PJdlippine species of Gallinago.
A. Tail feathers, 20 or more, the outer ones stiffened and very narrow; dark
bars on axillaries wider than the white bars.
a. Tail shorter, about 1.90 inches; outer feathers narrower,^ G. dennra.
6. Tail longer, about 2.10 inches; outer feathers wider G. megala.
B. Tail feathers, usually 14, normal; dark bars of axillaries narrow
or obsolete '^' O-lHrwgo.
Nycticorax nycticorax (Linn.).
A dozen or more roosted during the day in a thicket of trees near the
beach. A young bird was preserved. Another was killed as it sat alone
in some brush near a small stream. Calayan only.
MeSOPHOYX INTERMEDIA Wagl.
One or two pairs on Calayan feeding in same fields as JMmlcus. One
female collected.
14
Demiegketta sacra (Gm.).
Observed about the beaches of Fuga and Calayan.
BuBULCUS coiiOMANDUS (Bodd.).
A small band always to be seen in company with the cattle on Calayan.
Local name, "la-guac/' The species was not noted on Fuga.
BUTORIDES JAVANICA (Horsf.).
Eare; one specimen from Calayan.
Ardetta sinensis (Gm.).
From Calayan only, where a live bird was brought to us October 23.
Local name, "rat.''
POLIONETTA ZONORIIYNCHA (Swinh.).
Anas zonorhyncha Salvadori, Cat. Bds., XXVII, p. 211.
On December 7 a dozen birds of this species rested on a small river
near the beach, and a single female was killed. This is probably its
most southern capture. Bill jet black with a broad tip of bright yellow ;
most of the nail black; irides tan brown; legs and feet light salmon;
nails black; webs dusky.
QUERQUEDULA QTJERQUEDULA (Llmi).
A male in ragged plumage was collected October 29 on Calayan.
Nettium crecca (Linn.).
Querquedula crecea Whitehead, Ibis, 1899, p. 501 (Benguet Province).
Secretary Worcester killed two males in Bulacan, Luzon, in January,
1903. A male, October 2G, and a female, November 10, were killed on
Calayan.
FuLiGULA FULiGULA (Linn.).
Salvadori says of this species: ^'Accidental in the Malay Archipelago
(.Philippines and Borneo)." I believe, however, that it is a regular fall
and winter visitant to our northern islands at least. We have specimens
from the Laguna de Bay, Luzon, and it was common on Calayan con-
sidering the scant accommodation for ducks. I have seen numbers of
them in Quinta Market, Manila. Parties of from two to five could
usually be found on a small river or some of the carabao wallows, where
they feed on small fresh- water mollusks or the larvse of frogs.
Mareca PENELOPE (Linn.) ; Salvadori, Cat. Bds., XXVII, p. 231.
A male from Calayan, November 2G. No more were seen. Previously
unrecorded from the Philippines.
Spatula clypeata (Linn.).
One specimen from Calayan. "Dulumpapa" is the name used for
any species of the duck tribe.
PeLECANUS PIIILIPPEN8TS Gm.
The Philippine pelican has been recorded but rarely from the Islands
and probably it is strictly confined to fresh-water marshes and lakes
15
of the largest islands. Possibly it occurs on Luzon only. Whitehead
did not meet with it, and neither the Steere expedition nor the Menage
expedition obtained a specimen. A specimen of this species in the
Museum was killed by Secretary Worcester in Tarlac Province, Luzon,
February 22, 1904. The two accompanying plates of the pelican are
from photographs of a live bird owned by Secretary Worcester.
Phalacrocorax caebo (Linn.).
Calayan. The first specimen was seen and killed October 26. This
bird retains some white feathers of the young plumage, and another,
taken November 11, is nearly pure white below. After this date three
or four cormorants took up quarters along the river. Known as "casili/'
although this name belongs properly to the snake bird (Plotus). "Da-
lumpapa'^ and "^^papa'^ also are used as names for the cormorant by
people of Calayan.
Ciiicus SPiLONOTUS Kaup ; Sharpe, Cat. Bds., 1, p. 58.
About a dozen marsh hawks were collected on Calayan. Two of tliese
are nearly adult and seem to be C. spilonotus. Some of the young birds
agree with Sharpens description of the young of C. cvruginosas, but after
reading what Grant says I believe these birds are the young of spilonotus.
(Cf. Crant, Ibis, 1895, p. 437.) A small Circus from Ticao and three
from Calayan are probably immature examples of C. melanoleucus,
though we have no description of the young l)ird.
PiTITECOPHAGA JEFEERYI Grant.
The Philippine Museum has acquired by exchange a male of this fine
eagle. It is said that the bird came from Albay Province, Luzon. Senor
Andres Celestino tells me that it was taken alive and k(!pt for some
time in a cage. This seems quite probable, as the tail is badly broken
and the primaries are clipped. Chord of culmen, 2.90; depth of upper
mandible at base of culmen, 1.46 ; width of upper mandible where cere
meets tomium, 0.66; tarsus, 3.88; tail, about, 13; wing over, 20. I feel
reasonably certain that I fired at a bird of this species at Irisan. 1
believe there is no positive record of its having bc^en taken in Luzon.
AcciPiTER GULAKis (Temm. and Schl.).
This little hawk was fairly common on Calayan and easily killed in
the fringe of "butun'' trees along tbe beach. Tbe species seems to have
been migrating, as I saw none after October 4. One of these l)irds
killed September 22 had met with a curious accident. A twig about 5
inches long and one-eighth inch in diameter had passed through a fold
of skin back of the wing and about an inch of the twig protruded above.
I imagine the stick was picked up when the hawk struck at some bird
or lizard.
AsTUR cucuLOiDES (Temm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. Bds., I, p. 115, PI. \Y, fig. 2 ;
McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., No. 3, p. 15.
16
As this species seems to be new to the Philippines I should state that
the record is based upon a single specimen from Cagayancillo Island
identified for me by Dr. Kichmond. Bill blue black, greenish at base;
cere orange; feet light orange; nails black; iris very dark brown. The
stomach contained a lizard.
SpiZAiiTUS LiMNAiiTUS (Horsf.) ; Sharpe, Cat. Bds., 1, p. 273.
A male specimen killed by us on Lubang in November.
Spizaetus philippensis Gumey; Sharpe, €at. Bds., I, p. 261 (foot-
note) .
This species is to be added to list of Irisan, Benguet, birds. At Mari-
veles also we collected a male in February, 1902. In the description in
Catalogue of Birds, fourth line from bottom, "thighs and toes'' should
read "thighs and tarsi.''
BUTASTUll INDICUS (Gm.).
Abundant on Calayan. On September 18 and again on the 22d there
were large flocks of this species sailing and circling overhead fully 200
yards high. Over forty were counted in one flock. Before these dates
none had been seen. On October 14 I noted numbers flying low down,
and killed one. Again on October 17 and 18 great numbers passed
overhead in long, straggling bands flying in one direction. iVfter this
the species was often seen, and one bird was taken in a trap .set for
fruit thrushes. JSTative name, "coo-yab^"
Falco pehegrinus Timst.
A female from Calayan; others seen. This, like the various species
of Circus, is called "ma-ma-6o."
Fandion iialiaetus (Linn.).
A female taken at Puerto Galera, Mindoro, in December. A mounted
specimen in the Museum was taken in the vicinity of Manila. Secretary
Worcester killed another over some marsh land near Manila. This
species seems to be unrecorded from Luzon.
Haliaetus leucogastee (Gm.).
Observed on Fuga and Calayan.
KiNOX MiKDORENSis Grant.
No. 1767, adult male, Philippine Museum Collection. Puerto Galera,
Mindoro. Collected December 2, 1902, by R. C. McGregor and A.
Celestino.
Description. — Top of head, neck, and sides of neck narrowly barred
with buff; feathers of throat with broad blackish shaft stripes; a large
and conspicuous white area on each side of throat. Most of the under
parts tawny buff with narrow brown bars and touches of white ; lighter
and whiter posteriorly; under tail coverts white. On scapulars and
greater coverts large white spots, roundish in form on the latter. Tail
dark brown with about eight narrow buff bars. The feathers below eye
17
and of ear coverts are elongated and decomposed, the tips of longest
feathers being merely hairs. Wing, 6.30; tail, 3.50 ; tarsns, 1.19 ; cul-
men, from base of bill, 0.76.
This example appears to be the second known specimen of Ninox
mindorensis. The type, a female, was collected by Whitehead "in the
lowlands about the base of Monte Dulungan, in Mindoro.'' Judging
from Grants description of the female (Ibis, 1896, p. 463), the sexes
of this species are similar. The bird is so different from N. philip-
pinensis that I took it to be a young bird at first. Dr. Eichmond
examined our specimen and confirmed my identification.
Ninox ppiilippinensis Bp.
An immature male from Aparri, August 8, appears to be of this
species. The bird came aboard our steamer in the evening.
Ninox japonica (Temm. and Schl.) ; Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 141 (Fuga).
Several specimens from Calayan, where it is called "cok-cok," are
identical with three from Fuga and with one from Cuyo, the latter iden-
tified by Dr. Eichmond.
OTUS ' CUYENSIS, new species.
Scops sp. McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., No. 3, p. 15.
Type.— 1:^0. 1900, adult male, light phase, Philippine Museum Col-
lection. Cuyo Island, Paragua Province, P. I. Collected January 12,
1903, by E. C. McGregor and A. Celestino.
Description, — Feathers of head and neck heavily streaked with black-
ish brown, the edges more or less notched with whitish and light rufous;
^'horns'' also blackish, but edges rufous ; back dark rufous, finely speckled
with blackish, clearer rufous on upper tail coverts. Each outer scapular
with a large white spot on outer web followed by a blackish spot on tip
and bordered toward base by a dark brown line. Chin and upper throat
whitish with narrow brown shaft stripes, the webs marked more or less
with cinnamon ; remainder of under parts dark cinnamon, more or less
cross-barred with white and dark brown, each feather with a blackish
brown shaft stripe; the coloration is heaviest across the upper breast
owing to the greater width of the shaft stripes and reduction of the
white areas; middle of abdomen almost pure white; the flank feathers
with narrow shaft lines and wide white bars; thighs rufous brown;
wings mostly sandy cinnamon more or less mottled with brown; outer
web of primaries regularly notched with five or six spots of white
or whitish cinnamon bordered with dark brown; similar notches on
secondaries but less prominent owing to darker color of spots. Quills
below brownish .with slightly lighter irregular and almost obsolete bars.
Bastard wing with similar light notches on outer web; on the first
1 Otus, Pennant. Cf. Stone, Auk, 1903, p. 275.
15426 2
18
feather the notches are white. Coverts generally uniform^ but some
feathers of median series with large white patches on outer webs. Tail
about the same as back with about eight irregular and almost obsolete
cross bars. The short plumulaceous feathers below and behind the eye
are finely mottled with pale cinnamon, brown, and whitish. Behind
ear the feathers of incomplete ruff broadly tipped with blackish brown
forming a prominent dark band on side of head. Bristly feathers of
lores whitish at bases; tips blackish brown; the longest about 0.80 of
an inch; anterior bristles pale cinnamon. Tarsi feathered to bases of
toes. Bill, cere, and feet dirty brown; nails, horn brown; irides, yellow.
Total length, 9.25 inches; wing, 6.68; tail, 3.25; culmen, 0.89; tarsus,
1.38; middle toe with claw, 1.30.
Type. — No. 2185, adult female, light phase. Philippine Museum
Collection. Cuyo Island. Paragua Province, P. I. Collected March 5,
1903, by E. C. McGregor and A. Celestino.
Not essentially different from male, but white notches on primaries
and bastard wing with a cinnamon wash. Total length, 9.25 inches;
wing, 6.90; tail, 3.27; culmen (tip broken), 0.83; tarsus, 1.38; middle
toe with claw, 1.26.
No. 1912, January 12, 1903, red phase. — The pattern of coloration is
the same as in the light phase; white and whitish markings nearly all
replaced by rufous; chin and upper throat and modified feathers below
and behind eye almost clear rufous ; blackish brown markings on breast
very wide. A few whitish bars on abdomen and flanks.
I have been unable to define the specific characters for this owl, as
we have on hand none of the other species except 0. longicornis, with
which of course this has nothing to do. Dr. Richmond, who examined
specimens, writes: "ikpparently new. Does not belong to the lempigi
group, but more inclined to the menadensis style of coloration.^^ This
bird is abundant on Cuyo and is known as "bu-cao.'' The female type
was flushed from the end of a hollow horizontal limb where she probably
had a nest with i}.gg^, as the ovary contained one iigg soon to be deposited.
I greatly regretted that we had to leave Cuyo the next day and were
thus unable to get the eggs.
OTUS OALAYENSIS, new species.
Type. — No. 4058, adult nuile, light phase. Philippine Museum Col-
lection. Calayan Island, P. I. Collected December 15, 1903, by R. C.
McGregor and A. Celestino.
DescripUon. — Lower parts dark cinnamon finely mottled with brown
and white, a few feathers on throat and breast with dark-brown shaft
stripes or spots; abdomen, flanks, and under tail coTerts extensively
white with very little cinnamon and the brown mostly reduced to fine
speckles; thighs and tarsi cinnamon with cross lines of dark brown.
Upper parts dark rnfous finely mottled with blackish brown, producing
19
a rather rniiform coloration; lores^, continuous with a line above eyes,
white; tips of nasal and loral bristles dusky brown or cinnamon, the
longest about 0.80 of an inch. Modified feathers of ear-coverts and
below eye finely speckled with white and dark brown; behind this the
incomplete ruff forms a conspicuous rufous band along side of head, but
most of the feathers tipped with dusky brown. Feathers of "horns'^
dark rufou^ with irregular blackish spots toward tips. Wings coverts
and scapulars about same as back, some of latter with a large white area
on outer web. Exposed surface of quills and tail similar and a little
lighter than back; tail crossed by several irregular lighter bars. Quills
dusky brown; outer webs of outer primaries notched with pale cinnamon;
inner webs of quills crossed by pale cinnamon bars which become very
wide on secondaries. Tarsi feathered nearly to toes. Bill, feet, and
nails brown, the feet with a slight green wash; irides bright yellow.
Total length, 8.50 inches wing, G.BG; tail, 3.35; culmen, 0.84; tarsus,
1.23 ; middle toe with claw, 1.13.
Type of female. — No. 4077, Philippine Museum Collection. Calayan
Island, P. I. Collected January 2, 1904, by E. C. McGregor and A.
Celestino. In every way similar to the male. Total length, 8.00 inches;
wing, 6.48; tail, 3.20; culmen, 0.83; tarsus, 1.24: middle toe with claw,
1.12. In the red phase the white markings except a few bars and freckles
on abdomen and flanks are replaced by rufous.
This species is common enough on Calayan, but like all the small owls
rather difficult to obtain. We took a pair in the light phase and a pair
in the red phase of plumage. They were often heard calling in tlu^ woods
and one flew into our house early one morning. Known to the natives
as ^^cok-cok bahuy,'' or pig owl, from a notion that it follows the wild
hogs. Its call may be written "cok-cok,^^ but Ninox, to which the natives
apply the name ^^cok-cok,^^ was silent except for a low chattering as it
flew goatsucker-like after beetles. Otus was often found about houses
near the forest. Its food was beetles and locusts.
EuRYSTOMUS ORiENTALis (Linn.).
Abundant on both Calayan and Fuga. Known as ''to-ga-tac."
Alcedo ispida Linn.
Rather scarce along the beach and rivers of Calayan. The native
name given me for this kingfisher is ''ma-min-di'-ta.'' Ceyx is lacking
on Calayan.
Halcyon cokomandus (Latham).
More common on Calayan than on any otluir island we have visited.
This speci(^s was found in deep woods and thickets, wliere it fed upon
land mollusks and small land crahs. Knowu as ''sa-luc-sac.''
Halcyon chloims (Bodd.).
Seen on Fuga only.
20
Halcyon lindsayi (Vigors).
One of my hunters killed a male of this species at his home in Silang,
Cavite Province, Luzon, and brought it to Manila.
Merops bicolor Bodd.
Several seen on Fuga.
Caprimulgus jotaka Temm. and Schl.; Bourns and Worcester, Minn.
Acad. Sci., Oc. Papers, vol. 1, p. 42 (Palawan).
One female from Calayan, where it is extremely rare and shy. In
Bulletin No. 1 I described the female plumage of Caprimulgus griseatus,
I have now received from Mr. William Eagle Clarke his fourth paper on
Negros birds and find that he had already described this plumage.
Salangana^ marginata (Salvad.).
Collocalia marginata McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., No. 1, p. 9; ibid, No. 3, p. 9.
This little swift, previously believed to. be extremely rare, was abun-
dant on Calayan during our entire stay. During the stormiest weather
it was feeding for many hours and often in company with the smaller
swallows. If the weather was calm large parties of swifts hawked high
about the trees or played among the tree tops, occasionally turning a
somersault with no apparent reason. At other times, when the wind was
strong off shore, they were found hunting low near the beach, thus
securing the protection of a thick fringe of trees which grew just above
high water. During such times it was an easy matter to get near them,
as they had little fear. I caught one with a butterfly net on a stormy
day. Two were brought me alive which were said to have entered houses.
Local name, "nido^^; also called by some ^'sa-lum-pi-ping-aii,^^ but the
latter name refers more strictly to the various species of Hirundo.
In September most of the birds had the first primary but partly grown
and this is true of a few up to the middle of November or later. Speci-
mens with flesh-colored feet, which I take to be young of the year, do
not differ from the adult in plumage, nor is this peculiar, for the nestling
of 8. linclii is almost exactly like the adult. In these two species a
single plume grows from the upper side of the hind toe, the tip of the
plume reaching about middle of claw.
Measurements of Salangana marginata.
No.
Sex.
Locality.
Date.
Wing.
Tail.
3383
Male
Calayan
Sept. 29
Oct. 4
Oct. 7
Oct. 25.
Nov. 19
Sept. 24
Oct. 4
Oct. 7
Oct. 17
Nov. 15
4.12
4.03
4.03
4.20
4.08
4.10
4.15
4.00
4.04
4.06
1.59
3465
do
do -
1.56
3503
do
do
1.66
3724
do
do -
1.80
3944
do_ __
do
1.59
3285
Female
do -
1.63
8464
do-
do
1.63
3505
do
do >
1.64
367]
do_ _
do „_
1.65
8913
do
do w - -
1.60
^ Salangana, Geoffr. St.-Hilaire.
p. 301.
Cf. Richmond, Proc. CJ. S. N. M., Vol. XXV,
21
Ch^tura^ species.
Large swifts were seen a few times on both Fnga and Calayan. Dur-
ing a heavy rain I saw a party flying low, but to my disgust they all
took to the hills before I could come within range.
Tachornis infumata (ScL); McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., 1 p 5
(Ticao).
During a recent trip to Anao, Tarlac Province, we were fortunate in
killing a bird of this species. A few others were seen, but it was by
no means common. This fork-tailed swift is now recorded from Luzon
for the first time.
EUDYNAMIS MINDANENSIS (Linn.).
Occurs on Calayan in same localities as the following species, but is
much less common. The two species are known to the natives as
''tu-ao6.'' Probably occurs on Fuga also, but during our short stop
there we got samples of the larger species only.
There seems to be much variation among the females of this species
as stated by Captain Shelley (Cat. Bds., XIX, p. 317). Xone of our
female specimens is barred with white on upper tail coverts and tail as
described by' Shelley and they are probably young birds. However, that
the very young female bird is black there is no doubt, as our series from
Calayan contains females in which the black and spotted plumages are
variously mixed. For example, a female taken October 2 has seven tail
feathers uniform black and three tail feathers black barred with rufous
buff. The uniform feathers are evidently of the old plumage. We have
others in which the wings and body feathers show similar mixtures.
Whitehead got one male Eudynamis on Fuga which Grant was unwill-
ing to refer to any described species, pointing out, however, that it was
larger than E. mindanensis. On Calayan we found both large and small
birds of this genus, the large ones being by far the more common. For
this species I propose a new name.
ENDYNAMIS FRATER, new species.
EwfynamU sp. inc. Gkant, Ibis, 1896, p. 126 (Fuga).
Endynamis mindanensw Whitehead, Ibis, 1899, p. 394 (Fuga).
Specific characters. — Similar to E. mindanensis (Linn.), but much
larger, the female more nearly uniform black above and with head more
rufous.
Type. — Xo. 3697, male, Philippine Museum Collection. Calayan
Island, Babuyanes, P. I. Collected October 22, 1903, by R. C. McGregor
and A. Celestino.
Description. — Entire plumage glossy blue-black. Bill dusky greenish;
irides crimson; legs and feet dark steel blue; nails brown. Total length,
19.25 inches; wing, 9.52; tail, 9.34; exposed culmen, 1.24; bill from
nostril, 0.87.
22
2^ype.—No. 3201, female, Philippine Museum Collection. Calayan
Island. Collected September 18, 1903, by K. C. McGregor and A.
Celestino.
Description of female. — Above dark brown with a faint purple gloss
on wing coverts and scapulars. Top of head, neck, and sides of face
with shaft stripes of rufous; back, rump, and wings with small spots
of tawny rufous. Quills and tail barred with same color. Lower parts
buff (inclining to white on middle of breast) barred with black. A
more or less distinct white band from base of bill to below posterior edge
of ear coverts, wider posteriorly ; below this a wide band of dark rufous
mixed with black; ear coverts similar; chin and throat striped with
black and tawny buff. Bill dusky greenish; irides crimson; legs and
feet steel blue; nails brown. Total length, 19.25 inches; wing, 9.45;
tail, 8.94; exposed culmen, 1.25; bill from nostril, 0.88.
Habitat. — Calayan and Fuga, Babuyanes group, P. I.
MemuremeMs of Eudynamu mindanensis.
W65
1717
1906
1972
2149
1217
752
3182
3141
3270
3402
3444
Male -
„___do-
____do_
„___do _
_.__do-
__-_do_
____do_
____do_
____do-
__-_do -
____do.
-___do _
Locality.
Puerto Galera-
_do
Cnyo_
Cagayancillo-
_do_
Masbate .
Ticao
Calayan-
do—
_do_.
-do-.
-do-
Date.
Dec. 2
Wing.
Tail.
Cul-
men.
1.19
8.22
7.93
Nov. 23
7.72
7.68
1.06
Jan. 13
8.34
7.75
1.06
Jan. 25
7.75
7.80
1.14
Feb. 13
7.62
7.35
1.20
July. 1
8.46
7.94
1.20
Apr. 15
8.00
7.82
1.14
Sept. 17
7.38
7.11
1.12
Sept. 15
7.45
7.15
1.16
Sept. 23
7.90
7.44
1.10
Sept. 30
7.25
7.18
1.11
Oct. 3
7.88
7.38
1.08
Bill
from
nostril.
.74
.75
.76
.85
.80
.78
.76
.70
.80
.75
Measureme7its of Eudynamis f rater.
No.
8032
3183
3697
3139
3308
3612
3628
Sex,
Male _._
.—do —
.— do —
.— do—
.— do —
.— do-__
— do —
Locality.
Fuga (albino)
Calayan (albino) .
Calayan (type) — .
-do
_do_
-do_
-do-
Date.
Wing.
Tail.
8.80
Cul-
men.
Sept. 1
9.36
1.26
Sept. 17
10. 25
9.00
L28
Oct. 22
9. 52
9.34
1.24
Sept. 15
9.44
8.90
1.24
Sept. 25
9.19
10.00
1.32
Oct. 12
9.55
9.00
1.16
Oct. 13
9.08
9.08
1.25
Bill
from
nostril.
.87
.87
.85
In spite of the great variation in the size of these cuckoos, as shown
by the accompanying tables, I believe the large birds represent a distinct
species. At least some of the variation in wing and tail measurements
is due to the more or less incomplete growth of these parts. This spe-
cies has a strong tendency to albinism. The following specimens are
interesting :
No. SlJiO, male, Calayan, September 15, 1903. — In left wing one of
the greater coverts and tip of longest primary white. In right wing
whitt^ spot on one short tertiary and on one primary covert. One white
feather on abdomen. One buff barred feather on abdomen.
23
No. S612, male. Galayan, October 12, iPO-i.—Abdomen and side of
hind neck each with one white feather.
No. S0S2, male. Fuga, September 1, iPO^.— Except wings and tail
entire plnmage with many white feather, sides of neck, breast, and
abdomen more than half white. Six tail feathers more or less white
toward base. Wings black except primary coverts, which are all white
on one wing; nearly all white on the other wing; some of primaries
mottled with white. One secondary pure white in each wing.
No. S18S, male; Calayan, September 17, 190S. — White much as in
No. 3032 except wings and tail, which are normal except one partially
white feather in right wing. Many feathers of abdomen and thighs and
sides of breast black barred with buff. This seems to be an aberrant
specimen.
No. 17 OS, female; Puerto Galera, Mindoro, Novem,ber 22, 1902. — Is
a specimen of Centropus mindorensis with a white feather in crown and
two or three white feathers in breast. Captain Shelley notes a similar
albinism in the British Museum specimen. Steere (List of Bds. and
Mams. Philippines, p. 12) says of this species: "All black with bronze-
green reflections. Head duller black. Wings slightly shaded with
rufous, more apparent on edges of primaries.'' In this specimen of ours
the head is quite as green as any other part and there is no rufous what-
ever on wings.
CucuLUS CANORus Linn.
Five skins from Calayan, where the species is not rare. A half-grown
female taken October 4 seems to indicate a late breeding season.
Centropus viridis (Scop.).
Eather rare and shy on Fuga and Calayan. Usually travels through
the tops of thick clumps of brush or hides in bamboo thickets. Local
native name, "si-ga-cok^''
CORQNE PHILIPPINA Bp.
Abundant on Fuga and I scarcely ever saw so many before as there
are on Calayan. It is known as "uac-uac,'' and this name seems to be
applied to the species in all the Islands. The above spelling is according
to native style. In English I would write "wak,'' the "a'' broad. Uni-
versally hated, as it spoils corn, eats small chickens, and carries off any
fish or meat left unguarded. I have seen crows carry off young chickens,
but can not say how much they injure crops.
Calornis panayensis (Scop.).
A flock of fifteen or twenty on Fuga, but curiously this common bird
was not once seen on Calayan.
Sturnia viOLACEA (Bodd.).
Abundant on Calayan for a short time. First seen October 8, when
a flock of fifty or more were feeding in a fruit tree. Small parties also
24
feeding in fruit-bearing bushes. None were noted after October 16.
Local name, "bilit china.^^
Sturnia sinensis (Gm.).?
One specimen killed September 15 is apparently of this species, but
lacks the tawny buff color of our Luzon specimen.
Spodiopsar sericeus (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. Eds., Xill, pp. 44 and 665.
Heterornis servicea Cassin, U. S. Japan Exp., Vol. il, p. 238, pi. 5, 1856.
A specimen from Calayan seems to be some sort of Spodiopsar, and
possibly the above in winter plumage. The back of our bird is brown,
not "light ashy-gray. ^^ Otherwise it agrees with the description in the
Catalogue of Birds and with the plate referred to above, which is omitted
from the synonyms in the catalogue.
Oriolus ohinensis Linn.
Kecorded from Fuga by Grant, where we found it abundant. Also
conspicuous on Calayan, where it is called "kee-au,^^ in imitation of
its cry.
MuNiA JAGORi Martens.
Rare on Fuga and Calayan. In this species there is much variation
in the extent of black on the lower parts and in the color of the neck.
In Fo. 529, Mariveles, Bataan Province, Luzon, the black is continuous
from chin to belly, the breast having only the sides chestnut; head and
neck are almost uniformly blackish brown, the forehead black, however.
In No. 2862, Irison, Benguet Province, the black of breast and belly
are separated by the chestnut for a quarter of an inch and the neck is
brown, not blackish. This is the most usual style of coloration and the
variations may be due partly to age. At present I refer all of our speci-
mens to M. jagori.
IJrolonciia everetti (Tweed.).
Occurs sparingly in Calayan, where it is known as *^^bi-lit.^^
Emberiza sulfuhata Temm. and Schl.
First seen on Calayan early in November, during which month five
were collected. Very few others were seen. It was difficult to get, as
it frequented low brush and was put up more by accident than otherwise.
Whitehead collected this species in Luzon.
Fringilla montifringilla Linn. ; Sharpe, Cat. Bds., XII, p. 178.
A rare migrant to Calayan, where three males in winter plumage were
taken. First seen October 29, when two were killed. The third one
killed ISTovember 30. A few others seen. The genus is new to the
Philippines.
Chrysomitris spinus (Linn.).
Two males and two females killed on Calayan November 27. No
others were seen. This genus appears to be new to the Philippines.
25
MoTACiLLA OCULARIS Swinh.
The specimen recorded from Lubang (Bull. Phil. Mus., No. 3, p. 10)
is a young female in first winter plumage with the crown like the back
and the white frontal band just indicated. We now have a female from
Calayan in second winter plumage, killed October 10. In this specimen
the black forms a narrow crescent on the breast.
MOTACILLA MELANOPE Pall.
Common along the streams of Calayan. Sometimes found about
towns.
MoTACiLLA FLAVA Linn.
Usually in flocks in clearings or open grassy spots. Taken on Calayan.
LlMONIDROMUS INDICUS (Gm.).
A female specimen from Calayan October 7. Measurements: Wing,
3.10; tail, 2.80; exposed culmen, 0.50; tarsus, 0.86. Balabac appears to
be the only previous Philippine record for this species.
Anthus gustavi Swinh.
Specimens from Calayan, where it is not common. Found only in
woods or thickets and never in flocks. Among our birds from Ticao I
find a specimen of this species in fresh spring plumage. It was killed
April 30. Omitted from list in Bulletin No. 1.
Antrus maculates Hodgs.
A single male in fresh fall plumage was taken November 19 on Cala-
yan. This specimen is more strongly olive above and the spots below
are heavier than in April specimens from Benguet, Luzon. The spotted
pipit has been recorded from Palawan and Luzon.
Anthus rufulus Vieill.
Specimens taken on Fuga and Calayan.
Anthus cervinus (Pall.).
This species has been recorded , from Balabac, Luzon, and Mindanao.
We now have a large series from Calayan, showing all stages of fall
plumage. Some of these lack any trace of the fawn color and others
have the color covering the whole side of the face and extending wt»ll
onto the breast. Red-throated pipits were first detected November 3, l)ut
were probably present much earlier. They were found invariably in
small flocks near town, squatting low in the short grass or feeding on
refuse thrown out from the houses, where they perhaps picked up bits
of meat and rice.
CiNNYRis WHiTEHEADi Grant.
Abundant on both islands visited. During September found feeding
in the bananas and cocoanuts and difficult to kill. Later, however, with
the flowering of various small bushes, this fine species was found to be
abundant and numbers were obtained without trouble. Calayan and
26
Fuga specimens are in every respect like those of Luzon in the Museum.
Males in immature plumage were found during our entire stay and
enable me to trace the plumage development with some certainty. In
young birds the plumage is much like that of the female, with the
upper parts grayer and lacking much of the olive green.
The brilliant adult plumage is first indicated by a few scattered red
feathers on belly, metallic purple feathers in throat, black feathers of
back, and metallic green of rump. These areas do not develop with
any great regularity or in fixed sequence. In one specimen, with but
a touch of red on each side of forebreast and three or four green feathers
in rump, the purple along sides of chin and throat and black on side of
neck is developed far in advance of others, with the belly very extensively
green. The first new feathers, however, usually appear somewhere in
the large red patch of breast and the green of rump, then the throat,
black of back, and lastly top of head. The molt of wing can not be
followed with much satisfaction and seems to bear but a general relation
to molt of the body plumage, but there is usually considerable red in
the breast before any new wing feathers show. The coverts appear to
be first to change, followed by the inner secondaries, though in some
the inner primaries change earlier than the secondaries. The tail molt
is usually under way before that'of the wing. One female has a single
bright red feather on side of breast. There is no doubt as to the sex
of this specimen. The Calayan name for Cinnyris is "sa-uit' sa-uit^''
DiCiEUM PYGM^UM (Kitt.).
Fairly abundant on both Calayan and Fuga.
ZOSTEROPS MEYENI Bp.
Abundant on Calayan, going about in small parties in the brush or
at other times feeding in the high trees. There is some variation in
the extent of yellow on the breast, but this is largely due to season. A
skin from Benguet is very dingy, showing contact with smoke or burnt
timber, just as lias been observed in many United States birds. Name
in Calayan, "ti-tit.^^
ZOSTEROPS FLAVISSIMA, new species.
Zosterops sp. inc., McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mup., No. 3, p. 11.
Specific characters. — Similar to Z. aureiloris Grant, but larger; upper
parts lighter, top of head and sides of head and neck yellower.
Type. — No. 2110, male in freshly molted plumage. Philippine Mu-
seum Collection. Cagayancillo Island, Paragua Province, P. I. Col-
lected February 7, 1903, by P. C. McGregor and A. Celestino. Upper
parts bright olive green, perhaps slightly more yellow on crown and
neck, the upper parts exactly as in Z. meyeni in fresh plumage. Lower
parts rich golden yellow, of the same color as the chin and throat in
meyeni, slightly paler posteriorly; sides of head and neck like crown,
27
flanks washed with olive; quills and coverts edged with same bright
olive green as back, except first long primary and large feathers of
bastard wing^ which are blackish brown; inner webs of quills margined
with white; under wing coverts white with pale, yellow wash; axillaries
and edge of wing yellow, the latter darker; tail brown, edged above
with olive green, the inner webs with narrow whitish margins. Prom
gape to and below eye a black line; circle of eye feathers silky white;
across the forehead and reaching eye on each side, a band of golden
yellow shading into the color of the crown. Measurements of type:
Length, 4.50; wing, 2.20; tail, 1.T4; exposed culmen, 0.43; bill from
nostril, 0.32; tarsus, 0.65. Female like male, possibly a trifle lighter
below.
Measurements of 20 skins of each are as follows:
Males: Wing, 2.14-2.29 (average, 2.22); tail, 1.60-1.80 (average,
1.69; exposed culmen, 0.40-0.47 (average, 0.44); bill from nostril,
0.29-0.35 (average, 0.32) ; tarsus, 0.62-0.74 (average, 0.68).
Females: Wing, 2.11-2.27 (average, 2.17); tail, 1.58-1.75 (average,
1.65) ; exposed culmen, 0.40-0.46 (average, 0.43) ; bill from nostril.
0.30-0.34 (average, 0.32) ; tarsus, 0.63-0.80 (average, 0.68).
This species appears to be most nearly related to Z. aureiloris, but is
distinguished by its larger size. I have compared ftavissinia witb a
March specimen of aureiloris from Mariveles and the two species are
distinct. Our few skins of Z. nigrorum are in bad plumage, but that
species is evidently much darker and greener than the new species.
Grant gives the following dimensions for Z. aureiloris :
''Adult male. — Total length about 4.5 inches, wing 1.85-2.05, tail
1.4-1.5, tarsus 0.6.
"Adult female. — Total length about 4.5 inches, wing 1.95-2.05, tail
1.4-1.5, tarsus 0.6.^'
Abundant on Cagayancillo, where it is known as ''tammig.''
Pardaliparus elegans (Less.).
A number of skins from Calayan.
Saxicola (enanthe (Linn.) ; Seebohm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 391.
A male bird killed near our house on Calayan October 24 is probably
of this species in winter plumage. I believe this genus is unrecorded
from the Philippines.
HYLOTERPE PALLAX, new species.
Specific characters. — Nearly related to //. philippinensis Walden, but
at once distinguished by the paler and less extensive yellow on under
surface and the heavier shaft streaks on throat.
Type.— 1^0. 4040, adult male. Collection Philippine Museum, Cala-
yan Island, Babuyanes, P. I. Collected December 9, 1903, by R. C.
McGregor and A. Celestino.
28
Description.— Read above grayish brown, very slightly olive; the rest
of the upper parts, including tail and exposed edges of all wing feathers,
dark olive green; ear coverts and region around eye grayish brown, a
little lighter than top of head (in many specimens, probably immature,
this area has a faint reddish wash) ; chin and throat white with distinct
dusky shaft lines, bordered posteriorly by an obscure crecentric, dusky
band; sides of breast and flanks dusky olive green; breast, abdomen, and
under tail coverts yellow ; anteriorly paler, but on under tail coverts
nearly as rich sulphur yellow as in H. pUlippinensis ; thighs yellow;
edge of wing, under wing coverts, and axillaries white, washed with
yellow ; inner edge of quills edged with white. Bill black, legs plumbeous
blue; nails flesh. Total length, 6 inches; wing, 3.19; tail, 2.60; tarsus,
0.83 ; exposed culmen, 0.60.
Type.— 1^0. 3485, adult female, Collection Philippine Museum. Cala-
yan Island, P. I. Collected October 6, 1903, by E. C. McGregor and
A. Celestino.
In all respects like the male. Total length, 6 inches; wing, 3.12; tail,
2.70; tarsus, 0.88; exposed culmen, 0.56.
Ten males measure: Wing, 3.11-3.30 (average, 3.19) ; tail, 2.57-2.84
(average, 2.64); exposed culmen 0.55-0.63 (average, 0.59); tarsus,
0.77-0.88 (average, 0.83).
Ton females measure: Wing 3.00-3.28 (average, 3.14) ; tail, 2.48-2.80
(average, 2.60) ; exposed culmen, 0.54-0.62 (average, 0.58) ; tarsus,
0.76-0.89 (average, 0.82).
This well-marked race was perhaps derived from H. philippinensis.
The latter species, however, has the entire lower breast, abdomen, and
under tail coverts rich sulphur yellow. A comparison with H. alhiventris
is unnecessary, as that species has the posterior under surface white,
with but a faint wash of yellow on under tail coverts. The majority of
our specimens, which I take to be slightly immature, have the bill dark
brown, the lower mandible a little the lighter. The variation in plumage
is slight, consisting in the sides of face and breast band being washed
more or less with faint reddish and in a slight variation in the strength
of shaft streaks on throat. Some examples have a little more olive on
crown and in others the exposed margins of inner primaries are washed
with reddish brown, both of which points I take to be signs of slight
immaturity.
This new form was abundant on Calayan and was found in thickets
along the beach as well as in the deepest forests. Occasionally seen
singly, but more often in bands of four to six or seven. Numerous
specimens were secured without difficulty, as it was quite fearless, passing
from the ground or low brush to the high trees and down again with
little regard to the collector's presence. It was often killed by mistake,
as it had a habit of perching motionless in low, thick brush or on the
branch of a tall tree, when its plain colors made it difficult to identify.
29
For this reason I think its name appropriate. The native name is
^'sa-mot ba-sit^^' which means "little Hypsipetes/'
Otomela lucionensts (Linn.).
Abundant on Fnga and Calayan. On the latter island known as
"ta-laF.^^
ACANTHOPNEUSTE BOREALIS (BlaS.).
Occurs on both Fuga and Calayan, but not common.
AcROCEPHALUs soiiGOPPiiLus (Swinh.); Seebohm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 94
(Amoy).
A little reed warbler collected at Taguig on the Laguna de Bay,
January 19, 1902, is probably 'of this rare species known only from
China. Dr. Richmond says that the specimen comes nearer to A. sorgo-
philus than to anything else he can find. Actual comparison with the
type is probably necessary. The bird was killed in a bunch of reeds
over the water and others could probably be found in the same locality.
AcROCEPHALUs ORiENTALis (Tomm. and Schl.).
Chinese reed warblers were very abundant on Calayan. September 25
and for a week after the guava and pangdan bushes were fairly alive
with them. We have other specimens from Pandacan, a suburb of
Manila (identified by Dr. Richmond), and from Taguig, on the Laguna
de Bay.
LOCUSTELLA OCHOTENSIS (Midd.).
Recorded from Marinduque by Steere and from Mindoro by Grant.
In January, 1902, we got two specimens in rice fields at Pandacan.
These were identified by Dr. Richmond. On Calayan we secured fifteen
examples.
LocusTELLA FASCiOLATA Scebohm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 109, PL Y.
One specimen from Calayan is referred to this species.
HoRORNis SEEBOHMi (Grant).
We found this bird not uncommon at Irisan, where we took eight
specimens. The young plumage is undescribed.
Juvenile. — No 2615. Sex? Philippine Museum Collection. Irisan,
Benguet. Collected May 14, 1903, by R. C. McGregor and A. Celestino.
Similar to the adult, but entire upper parts including head of a uniform
olive rufous (in the adult forehead and crown are dark-russet brown
without the olive wash) ; superciliary stripe, sides of face, and entire
under parts strongly suffused with dirty olive, paler on chin and throat,
and with a slight rufous tinge on posterior parts. Wings and tail as
in the adult.
HORORNIS CANTURIENS (Swinh.).
Dr. Richmond identifies a skin from Mariveles as of this species. Pre-
viously recorded for Luzon, but rare. We got about a dozen specimens
on Calayan.
30
HoRORNis MiNUTA (Swinh.), Sharpe, Hand List Bds., lY, p. .236.
Cettia minuta Seebohm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 141.
Four specimens from Calayan are closely related to this species, but
without other specimens I can not make a positive identification.
Chimarrhornis bicolor Grant; McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., No. 3,
p. 12.
In my last paper I noted a pair of this rare species. My native
hunters, who remained in Benguet for some time after my return to
Manila, brought down two additional specimens. An adult male was
taken June 22. The plumage of the other is worth noting, as it is a
young male of the year.
No. 2900, Irisan, Benguet, June 9, 190S. — The plumage is dark slate,
almost dead black, a little paler on abdomen ; wing coverts and feathers
of lower parts tipped with gray; tail and wings are new and like those
of the adult. New adult plumage shows in a few new feathers on head,
back, breast, and abdomen.
CiSTicoLA EXiLis (Vigs. and Horsf.).
Occurs on both islands visited. On Fuga it was found in dry, grassy
fieids and killed in small guava bushes. On Calayan it is confined to
the rice fields and is known by the name/'^tic-tic-ru-bo,^^ the first half
of which is probably derived from its song.
TuRDUS PALLiDUS Gm. ; Sharpe, Hand List Bds., IV, p. 138.
Merula pallida Seebobm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 274,
One specimen from Calayan agrees fairly well with a single skin from
tlie market at Nagasaki, Japan. The species is at once distinguished
by the pale breast and flanks and the broad white tips of outer tail
feathers.
TuRDUS CHRYSOLAUS Tcmm. ; Sharpe, Hand List Bds., IV, p. 139.
Merula chrysolaus Seebohm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 275.
First observed November 28, when one of my hunters managed to
mangle a specimen. After this date numbers were seen, usually in
guavas and other thick brush. Extremely wild, so that only a dozen
or so were secured. Known to the natives as '^^pir-pi-ru-ca.^^
TuRi)ii8 OBSCiiRUS Gm. ; Sharpe, Hand List Bds., IV, p. 140.
Merula obscnr a Skeboitm, Cat. Bds., V, p. 273.
But two specimens of this paler species were killed on Calayan.
]^i:TROPHrLA MANILLA Bodd.
In Calayan this species is fairly common about town, perching on
stone walls, fences, or buildings.
Calliope calliope (Pall.).
Calayan is the first island where we have found this species. On
November 8 our first specimen was taken in a trap by a native boy. A
few clays later it became abundant. In the early morning and for a
31
short time before dark its whistling call was heard on every side. Though
common this species is by no means easy to secure in good shape, as it
stays in heavy underbrush and is constantly on the move. If the hunter
waits patiently near a patch of guavas or bamboo thicket he will hear
a rather low but clear two-syllable whistle. This may be rendered by
the Tagalo name ''piloy'' perhaps as well as by any other word. This
is repeated four or five times with great deliberation, then follows a low
throaty "chuck/' also repeated several times. Calliope has a pretty, low,
warbling song, but does not often favor the listener with his song. ' Even
the ''piloy series may not be repeated by the same bird for half an hour.
However, another bird at some distance will answer with this plaintive
and far-carrying call note. To get sight of one means a long wait, and
then it is not at all likely that you can more than see the bird. At the
least noise it flies into the thickest part of its retreat. I was unable to
find anyone on Calayan who had a name for the species. A specimen
was purchased in Quinta Market, Manila, February 29, 1904.
Hypsipetes fugeistsis Grant; Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 113.
Grant's statement that "the top of head and neck are hrown, like the
hack, instead of dark, slate gray" is misleading. The back is brown, the
feathers faintly edged with dark olive brown, and while the head and
neck are brown the feathers are edged with dark slate-gray, which makes
considerable contrast between neck and mantle. The birds of Fuga and
Calayan are identical, except -that the latter have slightly longer bills.
Bills from nostrils, in eight males from Fuga, measure 0.63-0.71 (aver-
age, 0.68). In the same number of males from Calayan I find 0.69-0.78
(average, 0.72). Ten specimens of each sex from Cahayan taken in
October yield the following measurements :
Males: Wing, 4.70-5.10 (average, 4.93); tail, 4.50-5.04 (average,
4.80) ; culmen, 1.02-1.10 (average, 1.07) ; tarsus, 0.82-0.97 (average,
0.91).
Females: Wing, 4.64-4.80 (average, 4.73); tail, 4.35-4.64 (average,
4.53); culmen, 0.98-1.10 (average, 1.02); tarsus, 0.84-0.94 (average,
0.91).
A specimen from Fuga has two white feathers in the crown. No.
3797, a male from Calayan, has the lower parts except chin and throat
crossed by narrow obsolete light bars and the mantle and back are simi-
larly barred. Otherwise the plumage is normal.
The molt of body plumage was about over when we rc^achcd tlie
Islands, but the wings and tail often contained l)oth old and new feathers
up to the first of November.
The illustration of the *^^foot of Hypsipetes psaroides, to show tarsal
envelope without scutes" (Cat Bds., VI, p. 35), by no means represents
the condition in H. fngerisis, for the tarsi of this species are certainly
scutellated in the specimens of our large series. Four specimens of //.
amaurotis from Nagasaki, Japan, also show scutellated tarsi. According
32
to the key to genera of the sub-family Brachypodinse (t. c. p. 2.), this
character puts these species in the genus Ixocincla. Neither can Hypsi-
petes and lole be distinguished on the character of strongly or scantily
developed rictal bristles. The tarsi of the latter, at least in the species
mindorensis and philippinensis, are booted, which is perhaps enough to
separate that genus from Hypsipetes.
Common on Fuga and even more abundant on Calayan, where the
species fairly swarms. Wherever there are bushes or trees fruit thrushes
may be heard on every side. Their song differs considerably from that
of lole philippinensis and is pitched in a higher key. They have harsh
call and alarm notes similar to those of lole. During October and
November this species forms an important item of food for the people
of Calayan. They are easily trapped, especially if the fruit of a small
red pepper, of which these bulbuls are especially fond, is used for bait.
They feed extensively on guavas during December and January. One
native easily took 15 to 20 birds in a forenoon, but if the traps are not
visited often the trapper finds nothing but a pair of legs for his pains.
The crow is commonly reputed to be the culprit, and with good reason
I believe. We caught a crow in one of our traps and at another time a
hawk, Butastur indicus. I found these bulbuls an agreeable addition
to my table in an island where fresh food is scarce at the best. Its
name among the people of Calayan is "samot.^^
Pericrocotus cinereus Lafres.
One specimen, October 23. Calayan. Eare and hard to secure, as it
travels in the highest trees and is always on the move.
Hemichelidon griseisticta (Swinh.).
A few specimens from Calayan, where it is rare.
MusoiCAPiJLA luzoniensis Grant.
A few specimens from Calayan, where it is rare and shy. Mr. Rich-
mond has called my attention to a misprint in the tarsus measurements
of this species, which is given as ''l.T' in the original description (Ibis,
1894, p. 506). For two males from Irisan, Benguet, I find this measure-
ment to be 0.70 and 0.72 of an inch, respectively. Females measure
about the same. Grant (loc. cit.) states that the upper parts are "^Vithout
any trace of bluish.^^ All of our specimens are certainly blackish blue
above.
Juvenile plumage. — No. 2878, female, Irisan, Benguet, June 7, 1903.
No. 2939, male, Irisan, June 17, 1903.
Description of young male. — Upper parts dusky brown, each feather
with a rusty yellowish buff spot, on the top of head and nape rather
streaked; upper tail coverts rusty; sides of head like top without any
indications of the adult markings ; wings brown, the coverts bluish, each
feather with a large buff spot; chin, throat, and upper breast white with
a wash of buff; breast more heavily washed with buff, each feather with
33
black eclges^ producing a more or less striped effect; belly and under tail
coverts white; lining of wing, axillaries, and flanks yellowish buff. In
the back of this specimen there are several new bluish slate feathers of
the adult plumage.
The female specimen is very much like the male, but upper parts
slightly dull olive and washed rather than spotted with rusty buff. Tbe
tail is brown like the wings. Bill dusky above, lighter at tip, lower
mandible and angle of mouth yellowish; legs white, nails light gray.
Chelidon dasypus Bp.
Two specimens from Calayan. These agree well with Sharpens descrip-
tion of Japanese birds (Cat. Bds., Vol. X, p. 93). Both our birds are
females. In one of October 31 the feathers of hind breast and belly
have narrow but distinct dusky shaft stripes. In the other of November
2 these feathers are pure white with a slight gray wasli along sides. In
both the rump feathers show dusky shafts. Bill black; irides dark
brown; legs pale flesh; nails light brownish.
This species was rare on Calayan and seemed to affect the couipany
of Ilirundo striolata, sailing slowly about usually well out of reach. It
was only by extreme patience that the two examples w^ere takeu.
Clivicola riparia (Linn.).
Two specimens from Calayan, taken October 30 and November (>
respectively, are undoubtedly of this species, whicli seems to be a new-
record for the Philippines. Both are inmiature birds, showing the
whitish to wing coverts, secondaries, upper tail coverts, and rump said
to be characteristic of the young (cf. Ridgway, Man. N. A. Bds.,
p. 463, 1887).
HiRUNDO GUTTURALIS Scop.
Obtained on Fuga and Calayan. On the latter island it was al)undant,
hawking from early morning till late in the evening and in all weatbers.
"Salumpipingau'' is the native name of the swallow on Calayan.
HiRUNDO STRIOLATA (Boic).
Seen only near the town on Calayan, where it a|)peared irregularly.
Two or three were seen October 15, but on tbe ITth during a light rain
50 to 100 flew low about the church and rested on the roof. Tlie next
day and for several days not one was seen. Again on the 29th several
were collected, and so on during our stay; at times feeding over rice
fields or open grassy places at considerable altitude; rarely resting on
the ground. On one such occasion I killed seven with a single load of
No. 12 shot.
I am following previous Philippine records in referring tlie mosque
swallow of Calayan to H, siriolata, but there are several points in which
our birds do not agree with the description. In the key to the species
of Ilirundo, japonica and striolata come together under "stripes on rump
15426 3
84
very distinct" (Cat. Bds., Vol. X, p. 125), but on page 162, where the
type of striolata is described, we find "lower back and rump light chest-
nut rufous with narrow blackish shaft lines, not very distinct.'' Now
in all of our twenty-five adult birds the black shaft lines are very distinct.
The wing measurements are intermediate between those given for japo-
nica and striolata, thus being near Hirundo suhstriolata Hume. It is
also stated that striolata has "no rufous on base of forehead.'' In our
specimens there is a narrow but distinct frontal line of rufous passing
back over lores and eye to large triangular patch on side of head. Phil-
ippine birds need to be compared with typical specimens.
No. S788, immature male. — Calayan Island, P. L, October 31, 1903.
Pattern and color same as in adult, except back and top of head
browner with less metallic blue; chestnut patch on side of head lighter;
rump creamy white with three or four chestnut feathers of adult plum-
age; tail and wings browner and lacking blue gloss; tertiaries and coverts
more or less tipped with whitish; the ground color of under parts is
not much different from the adult, but the characteristic shaft stripes
are everywhere lighter and greatly reduced, becoming obsok^te on under
tail coverts and absent on axillaries and lining of wing, except along
edge of wing where there are a few narrow lines. Bill, legs, and nalLs
black.
MeasuremeMts of Hirundo striolata.
No.
Sex.
Locality.
Date.
3681
Male _-
" ■
Calayan
Oct. 17
Oct. 22
Oct. 29
_ do
3696
do
do
3746
do
do-
3747
^do
do _ -
3672
Female- -i.
do --
Oct. 17
do
3676
_do _
do
3750
do
do
Oct. 29
Nov. 21
_-. ..do_ .
3957
do
do
3958
do
do
Wing.
Tarsus.
4.64
3.72 '
0. 54
4.82
3.98 i
.60
4.74
.61
4.84
3.95
, 55
4.72
3.75 1
.61
4.76
3.65 1
.58
4. 75
3.84 i
.60
4. 79
3.79 1
.60
5. 02
3.86 j
1
. 59
o
BOUND
001881935
m-.,.
*'H»
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
3 9015 0131
6 2097
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