Horse industry headed in the
right direction
The horse industry, as every other industry, is moved and
molded by buying and preference trends It's important for
horse breeders to know where the industry is headed so they
can make informed decisions in future breeding plans
"The 1998 Horse Breeders and Owners Conference,
Red Deer. January 10 to 11, 1998. will present an excellent
opportunity for Albertans involved in the horse industry to
hear first-hand about some of the trends influencing the
industry," says Les Burwash. head of equine programs. Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "There are two
excellent presentations on the horse industry and trends on
this year's agenda."
Dr. Matthew McKav-Smith, medical editor for Equus magazine,
has been involved in the horse industry for over 20 years. With
Equus since its inception, he's been in an excellent position to
observe and follow the trends and changes in horse care
practices. McKav-Smith will present and discuss his findings
on the subject of horse industry trends
Don Burt, past president of the Alberta Quarter Horse
Association, is well respected as a judge in the industry. He has
been involved with the horse industry and in promoting horses
for over 50 years Burt is very up-front with what's happening
and where the industry is going and is responsive to the needs
of the people in the industry His presentation Forging the
Future for the 2/'' Century promises to be very informative.
McKay-Smith and Burt are two of 14 internationally recognized
speakers on the agenda for the 1998 Alberta Horse
Breeders and Ou ners Conference
The conference is arranged so that attendees can follow four
lines of interest Quarter Horse. Arabian. Thoroughbred and all
breeds. While many follow the program designed for a
particular breed preference, conference participants can
attend any of the sessions and will receive the printed
materials from all sessions.
Conference registration is $75 per person For more
information about the conference, contact Les Burwash in
Airdrie at (403)948-8532. Government numbers are toll-free
by dialling 310-0000 to connect to a RITE line.
Contact: Les Buru ash Boh Coleman
(403) 948-8532 (403) 427-5096
This Week
Horse industry headed in the right direction
1
4-H Leaders •• All Aboard'
2
Market focus - the way to produce
2
Responding to Challenge
2
Site specific management and precision agriculture
workshop
3
Transportation issues take lead at Grain Summit
follow-up
3
Appointments to Agricultural Products Marketing
Council
4
Briefs
5
/dlberra
AGBICU^jBt. FOOO AND
RLUA,. DEVELOPMENT
Agri-News'* is published weekly Reprinting ol articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
ime spacmg is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Palutke
AGRI-I
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
January 5, 1998 - page 2
4-H Leaders - 'All Aboard'
More than 300 4-H volunteer leaders from across Alberta will
join guests from the western provinces and Montana at the
1998 Alberta 4-H Leaders' Conference. Leaders will travel to
Red Deer for a busy weekend of learning and fun,
January 16-18, 1998. The sessions designed for both new and
experienced leaders follow the theme All Aboard. Through
the educational sessions and informal sharing, leaders will be
encouraged to stay on track and make the right connections in
4-H.
"The variety of topics gives leaders the skills needed to prepare
Alberta youth for leadership roles in their communities and
the agriculture industry," says Penny Wilkes, leadership
specialist with the 4-H Branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development (AAFRD).
"The conference is a great opportunity for seasoned leaders to
share their project ideas and successes with new leaders,"
adds Kathy Hougham, AAFRD, co-chair of the conference
planning committee.
"Positive attitudes trigger enthusiasm and enhance creativity,"
says Terri Knox from Serviced Enhanced Training, Winnipeg.
Knox, the keynote speaker at the conference, will present
practical ways for leaders to provide quality service to
members, other leaders and parents. She will offer tips to
build self esteem, set goals and skillfully solve problems.
Workshops include topics on public speaking,
entrepreneurship, Internet, livestock projects and challenges
of change.
This is the 56,h annual 4-H Leaders' Conference. A highlight of
the weekend will be the induction of Ken Cox, Camrose, and
Angus Park, Trochu, to the 4-H Hall of Fame. Major onference
sponsors are: Alberta Pool, United Grain Growers, Lammle's
Western Wear and AAFRD.
Leaders may still register for the conference. The cost is $80.
See the Cloverleaf Quarterly magazine for registration details
or contact your regional 4-H specialist for an application form.
Contact: Penny Wilkes Kathy Hougham
(403) 422-4H4H (403) 422-4H4H
Market focus - the way to
produce
What do consumers want? That's a question producers need to
ask before they plan the next year of production.
"A production focus is needed to produce a crop, animal or
product, but a market focus is essential to be sure the product
addresses marketplace demands and satisfies customers,"
says Jean Wilson, business development adviser with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "To achieve a global
market focus involves learning more about the uses of
products and modifying or changing production to suit the
consumer."
At Managing Agriculture for Profit '98 (MAP), Mike
Leslie of Nakodo Consulting will take participants through the
basic shift in understanding that will help producers develop a
market-focused mind set.
"Leslie is one of several keynote speakers at the 1998 MAP
conference," adds Wilson. "MAP is held at the Holiday Inn,
Red Deer from January 27 to 29. The theme that links many of
the presentations is Responding to Change."
The conference and its presentations are designed to get
producers and processors thinking about the exciting
possibilities of the future. Other speakers on the MAP '98
agenda include: Jerry Bouma, Edmonton management
consultant, addressing changing trends in food and agriculture
and Gordon Colledge, a dynamic speaker, who will close the
conference with a challenge to work closely together.
"The highlight of the conference is always the producers and
processors who share their experiences on how they are
managing change," says Wilson. "The sessions, discussions,
idea sharing and networking have a unique way of leaving all
attendees inspired."
MAP '98 is organized by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development and Alberta Financial Services Corporation with
major support from the Agriculture and Food Council and the
Alberta Pool.
For program and registration information, call toll free
1-800-387-6030.
Contact: Jean Wilson Carmen Andrew
(403) 415-2146 (403) 742-7500
Responding to Challenge
Responding to Challenge is the theme for the 1998 Banff Pork
Seminar at the Banff Centre on January 13 to 16. Speakers
from Canada, the U.S., and the Netherlands will provide
essential information on a variety of topics of interest to
everyone in the pork industry.
"The seminar kicks off with an opening reception on January
13 and continues until noon on January 16," says Marvin
Salomons, pork specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "The program features a very strong line-
up of seminars and workshops. Major seminar topics
scheduled target subjects of boar and sow fertility, effective
aids to decision making, challenges in nutrition, addressing
environmental concerns, and identifying risk factors in a
competitive pork industry."
Cont d on page J
Speakers will discuss how the pork industry must identify and
respond to environmental concerns and also look at the risk
factors involved in marketing pork products around the world.
Featured speakers include: Dr. Billy Flowers, North Carolina
State University; Dr. Bas Kemp from the Netherlands;
Dr Jerry Shurson and Dr Larry Jacobson, University of
Minnesota; Fred Mitchell. Intercontinental Packers in
Saskatoon; and. Dr. Cate Dewey University of Guelph.
"Delegates can choose to attend various workshops held on
each of two afternoons of the conference." adds Salomons.
"This year, workshop topics cover the important areas of staff
motivation and training, breeding herd management,
improving the use of records in decision making, and lastly
swine feeding program diagnostics. Half of the workshops are
repeated the second day so participants have the opportunity
to attend all workshops of interest to them."
Registration fee for the conference is $215 per person and
includes the opening reception on Tuesday, lunches all three
days, an evening social on Wednesday and a copy of the
proceedings. Individuals are urged to register and make
accommodations arrangements early.
Registration forms are available at all Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development District Offices, at most feed and
veterinary supply outlets, and pig assembly yards. More
information and registration forms and can be obtained by
calling Aileen Reilly at the Banff Pork Seminar office
(403) 492-3232, Edmonton, e-mail:
reiliy(« afns.ualberta.ca or Marvin Salomons, publicity
chairman. (403) 340-5336, Red Deer,
e-mail: marvin.salomons(f agric.gov.ab.ca
Contact: Aiken Reilly Mart in Salomons
(403) 492 3236 (403) 340-5336
Site specific management and
precision agriculture workshop
Understanding site specific management, land resources, and
the technology involved in precision farming is key to being
able to use these tools effectively. Two-day workshops are being
held throughout Alberta between January and March. 1998, for
groups of farmers and agricultural industry personnel.
"Precision farming technology is discussed in length during
the two-day sessions." says Tom Goddard, soil conservation
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Presentations on protecting, preserving and
enhancing soil and water resources, basic soils and geography,
using soil survey reports, using aerial photographs for field
mapping, and resource management planning, will give those
attending a very solid understanding of these topics."
As part of the workshop, an aerial photo enlargement of each
participant's farm will be available. Learning how to interpret
January 5, 1998 - page 3
and use the aerial photographs and develop site specific
management strategies including soil sampling, makes tin
workshop a real benefit to producers
"Since the first lime they were offered in l9lH. the growing
interest in these workshops indicates farmers are pleased with
what the workshops are providing, adds Goddard The
emergence of the new technologies and increasing number of
skills needed by farmers shows an ongoing need for
workshops, courses and seminars."
The Farm Business Management Program (FBMP) is providing
ma|oritv funding for the workshops In addition, each
participant pa\s a $75 fee which covers the cost ol their aerial
photo enlargement and curriculum binder.
Farmers can access the workshops by contacting
LandWise Inc. (403) 320-0407. Lethbridge,
e-mail: landwise(" telusplanet.net. Ag retailers who are
co-sponsoring the workshops; their local FBMP office or
Tom Goddard (403) 427-3720,
e-mail: tom.goddardf" agric.gov.ab.ca
Contact: Tom Goddard
(403) 427-3720
Transportation issues take lead
at Grain Summit follow-up
At the winter meeting of the Pacific North West Economic
Region (PNWER) in Coeur d Alene. Idaho, agriculture
representatives from Pacific northwest stales and Canada
reaffirmed their commitment to continue work on the
recommendations that came out of the June 199" Grain
Summit in Seattle. Producer organizations represented at the
meeting included the Idaho (Irani Producers Association.
Idaho Barley Commission. Oregon \Xheat Commission and the
Washington Barlev Commission
Producers indicated they will continue to work with Canadian
organizations to hold follow-up meetings in early 1998 to
discuss and develop actions and strategies to achieve
resolution of outstanding Gram Summit recommendations.
"Our Commission was unable to attend the Seattle meeting,
but we support the recommendations and we are keenly
interested in working with our state and Canadian
counterparts to deal with these issues." says Norman Goetze of
the Oregon Wheat Commission. "Oregon wheat producers are
equally concerned about trade issues and the need to pursue
more efficiencies in transportation and market development "
Transportation issues dominated the discussions at the
PNWER Agriculture Working Group meeting Evan Hayes of the
Idaho Grain Producers .Associations indicates." Grain
movement is a ma|or problem in Idaho, with grain piled up on
Oml d on page 4
January 5, 1998 -page 4
farms and there is no ability to get it moving. Vie are beholden
to the railways and they are not performing. It is imperative
that we maintain an efficient barge system."
"There is little alternative and no competition in the system,"
adds Bar Olberding of the Idaho Grain Producers Association.
"Idaho, Oregon and Washington truck weights are lower than
those in Alberta, Montana and other states and we lack the
ability to compete in truck movement of grain, particularly in
the domestic market."
Two recommendations were passed by participants at the
meeting:
• that PNWER request the U.S. Surface Transportation Board
and the U.S. Congress to provide remedies to the captive
rail shipment of agriculture commodities in the western
United States.
• that PNWER request the U.S. Department of Agriculture to
support the raising of the maximum gross truck weights in
Idaho, Oregon and Washington to 129,000 pounds, and
that the USDA respond to PNWER's request with comments
as soon as possible.
"Western Canadian grain producers organizations remain
committed to continuing the Grain Summit process and look
forward to working with their American counterparts on
follow-up activities," says Ken Moholitny (Alberta Grain
Commission) PNWER co-chair for the Agriculture Working
Group. "The recommendations from this meeting will be
shared with them."
PNWER Grain Summit Recommendations
Whereas agricultural trade is of great importance to the
economies of Canada and United States, and recognizing
that a number of barriers exist which constrains grain trade
between both countries, grain producer organizations
attending the June 14, 1997 PNWER Grain Summit Meeting
in Seattle, Washington unanimously agree to the following
recommendations:
1. It is recommended that the United States eliminate its
export subsidies and that both countries eliminate
discretionary pricing beyond normal commercial practice;
modify domestic agriculture policies to remove imbalances
and trade distortions in both countries and work together
to persuade other countries to do likewise.
2. It is recommended that Canada move to cash buying and
selling of wheat and barley to allow for price discovery and
arbitrage.
3. It is recommended that Canada eliminate Tariff Rate
Quotas on United States barley.
4. It is recommended that Canada and United States move
towards trade in wheat and barley on value-based
specifications.
5. It is recommended that Canada and United States eliminate
end-use certificates on wheat trade.
6. It is recommended that Canada and Untied States adopt
non-discriminatory access to each others' grain handling
and transportation infrastructure.
7 It is recommended that Canada and the United States
standardize trucking regulations.
8. It is recommended that Canada deregulate and create a
commercially driven and competitive rail transportation
system for grain.
Contact: Ken Moholitny
(403) 427-3078
Appointments to Agricultural
Products Marketing Council
Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, has announced the appointments of two
Albertans to the Agricultural Products Marketing Council.
Ron Sutka of Cranford farms, land originally homesteaded by
his grandfather, has a strong agricultural background. As well
as a position as vice-president of the Taber P.ast/West Local
Beet Growers' .Association, Sutka is past vice-president of
Alberta Sugar Beet Growers Marketing Board and past 2nd
vice-president of Canadian Sugar Beet Producers' Association.
He also served in various capacities with other associations
and marketing boards.
George Murphy, originally from the state of New York, moved
his family to Alberta in 1973- In 20 years as a full-time farmer
near Peace River, he raised grain, oilseed, grass seed, peas and
alfalfa. He served 14 years as director of the Nampa Seed
Processors Co-op, and was involved with the Alberta Pulse
Growers Commission and Farming for the Future. Now in
semi-retirement, Murphy devotes his time to harvesting
several hundred acres of alfalfa.
"These two proven leaders with their level of experience in the
agricultural and marketing sectors will enhance the level of
expertise on the Agricultural Products Marketing Council,"
says Stelmach. "I look forward to working with them."
The eight member Agricultural Products Marketing Council
oversees the agricultural marketing boards and commissions
in Alberta. The Council mission is to enable commodity
organizations to assist producers in their efforts to be more
profitable and globally competitive in Alberta's expanding
agriculture and food industry.
Sutka and Murphy have been appointed to three-year terms
with the Council.
Contact: Ron Glen Brian Rhiness
(403) 427-2164 (403) 427-2137
January 5, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Farm machinery economics
Although a common part of every operation, farm machinery
decisions are becoming more complex. Alternatives and
choices abound in the marketplace. To help answer some of
the questions farm managers face, a four-day course is being
offered on Farm Machinery Economics. February 11. 12. IS
and 19 at the Provincial Building in Taber. Questions on
whether to repair or replace; buy new or used; lease, buy or
custom hire will be addressed. The tools and skills using
sound economics and computer programs to analysis various
alternatives for equipment ownership and use will be
presented. The program will also consider appropriate farm
equipment sizing based on individual operations. Registration
fee is $138 per person. For more information or to register,
contact Gordon Williams (403) 320-3313 or Brad Smith
(403) 223-7907. To register, call 1-800-572-0103, ext. 3323.
Feedlot production seminar
A day of discussion of current feedlot topics for cattle
managers, consultants and veterinarians is planned at the
Black Knight Inn. Red Deer, on January 21. 1998. The Red
Deer Feedlot Production Seminar includes sessions on
controlling feedlot runoff and design implications; manure
utilization; resources for beef industry expansion in Alberta;
feed bunk management - barley processing; feed bunk
management - fiber in rations; and. sorting cattle - a
management tool. As well as the information provided during
the sessions, several feedlot resources will be on display The
Livestock Expansion and Development Team will also be on
hand as a resource to participants. Registration fee is $25 per
person and registration deadline is January 16. 1998. For
more information, contact Rob Hand, beef specialist or
Dolores Mason, client service representative both with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. (403) 340-5364 or
e-mail masonC" agric.gov.ab.ca
Production of bedding plants in
greenhouses
In cooperation with the Alberta Greenhouse Growers
.Association, Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development
is organizing two workshops on the production of bedding
plants in greenhouses. The focus of these workshops is in
knowledge management Specialists will deliver information
on greenhouse environments, seeding, transplanting, fertilizer
and water management. Integrated pest management will be
discussed in the afternoon sessions. The first workshop is at
the Agriculture Centre, Lethbridge, on January 27, 1998 The
second workshop is scheduled at the Crop Diversification
Centre - North. Edmonton, on February 10, 1998 Both
workshops will be held from 9 00 a m to 4:00 p.m. There is a
cost of $32.10 with cheques payable to the Alberta Greenhouse
Growers Association. For further information, contact
Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza (403) 415-2303. Edmonton Alberta
government number are toll free by dialing 310-0000 to
connect to a RITE line.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
i mill i
3 3286 51423 9504
v9
GO CO CO CO CO GO C/
January 12, 1998
Agriculture Week now an
autumn affair
Agriculture Week is now being celebrated in the fall and will be
called Agriculture and Food Week The change from
March to October came as a result of discussions between Ed
Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development and Growing Alberta executives.
"Serious thought goes into making changes to any tradition,"
says Stelmach. "By making a switch to mid-October, there is
better opportunity for Albertans to take part. Agriculture and
Food Week will come right on the heels of Thanksgiving, a
time when all Albertans, both urban and rural, recognize
agriculture as a giving' industry, one that is committed to
growing Alberta's economy and quality of life."
"From the Thanksgiving turkey to the potatoes and carrots,
even the cranberries, what you eat is the result of agriculture,"
says Paul Hodgman. executive director. Growing Alberta. "It's
time we took the momentum of the season one step further.
Also, by moving Agriculture and Food Week to Thanksgiv ing,
there is a better opportunity to have a strong presence in our
schools as this is the time they tend to feature agriculture and
food."
Furthermore, the Alberta Agriculture Hall of Fame ceremony,
held every other year, will coincide with Agriculture and Food
Week on October 16. 1998. not March of 1999 as previously
planned.
Formed in 1995. Growing Alberta is an industry-government
partnership designed to educate the urban public about the
agriculture and food industry's commitment to responsible
stewardship and the delivery of safe and wholesome food.
Growing Alberta, representing many farm commodity groups
and food industries, is an integral part of the shared industry
and government vision to expand Alberta's primary agriculture
industry to $10 billion and the value-added food industry to
$20 billion by 2005.
Agriculture and Food Week will be held from October I2,h
(Thanksgiving) to October l6lh, 199H (Agriculture Hall of Fame
Ceremony).
Contact: Ron Glen Paul Hodgman
(403) 427-2137 (403) 986-4788
This Week
Agriculture Week now an autumn affair
1
Strawberry and raspberry - the Alberta flavors
2
Supply chains - links to the future
2
Key Leaders focus on 4-H
2
The future is pulsing
3
Growing the farm business
3
Briefs
4
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AND
BUBAL DEVELOPMENT
p\jb*r*h.oq Branch
Agri-News"1 is published weekly Reprinting of articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
line-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Palutke
AGRi-i mum mrnm
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
January 12, 1998 - page 2
Strawberry and raspberry - the
Alberta flavors
The AJberta berry crop industry continues to grow rapidly.
Consumers, both urban and rural, have discovered the taste of
locally grown fresh fruits.
"New hardy, fresh and juicy varieties, improved management
techniques and a variety of marketing outlets allow Alberta
consumers availability to these crops from June to October,"
says Lloyd Hausher, fruit crop specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Although it's
estimated that there are more than 200 producers presently
growing berries in Alberta, the demand continues to outstrip
supply."
To meet a growing demand for production information from
present and potential or new producers, the 12lh annual
Commercial Berry Production School is scheduled for
February 11 to 12, 1998 at the Regency Hotel, Edmonton.
The school, designed for both new and established growers,
will provide basic information for those entering the industry
and the latest developments and recommendations on
production and marketing of berry crops.
"The first day includes information on requirements for
setting up a berry farm, location, site selection, signs,
marketing channels, customer expectations and
opportunities," says Hausher. "Time will also be devoted to the
specifics of raspberry production including: plant types, plant
sources, establishment, fertility, crop management, pest and
weed control, irrigation, harvest, marketing, and production
estimates. Both floricane, summer fruiting, and primocane,
fall fruiting, types will be discussed."
Day two will be solely devoted to strawberry production.
Similar topics, with additions such as mulching and
ammonification of mulch will be covered. Both Junebearing
and day-neutral strawberry types will be covered.
"Established, experienced producers will give brief overviews
of how they got started and their current production
practices," adds Hausher.
The Berry School is co-sponsored by the Alberta Market
Gardeners Association (AMGA). Registration is available at the
door for individual or both days. Non-AMGA member rates are
$50 per person per day or $90 for both days. Reduced rates
are available for members. Registration starts at 8:00 a.m.
each day.
For more information on berry production or registration,
contact Lloyd Hausher at (403) 362-1309. Government
numbers are toll free by dialing 310-0000 to connect to a RITE
line.
Contact: Lloyd Hausher
(403) 362-1309
Supply chains - links to the
future
The Canadian agri-food system will be increasingly
characterized by supply chains. In fact, so much so that in
the future, a primary produce or a food processor operating
completely independently will become a rarity. So stated an
article in the spring 1997 Value Added Advisor, a newsletter
written by Toma and Bouma Management Consultants.
"Jerry Bouma will address the idea of supply chains in his
presentation on Changing Market Trends in Food and
Agriculture at Managing Agriculture for Profit '98," says Jean
Wilson, business development adviser with AJberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development.
MAP '98 is being held at the Holiday Inn in Red Deer, January
27 to 29, 1998. The conference and its presentations are
designed to get producers and processors thinking about the
exciting possibilities of the future.
"Gordon Colledge, a dynamic and entertaining speaker who
has participated in several MAP conferences in the past will
reinforce the importance of working together in his keynote
address that ends the conference," adds Wilson. "He will talk
about the importance of building networks and business
contacts in today's changing world. Individuality is no longer
the way to successful business."
To kick off the conference, Gordon McKnight, a futurist, will
ask participants if they are Ready for a Changing World. The
conference promises to get off to an inspiring and unusual
start with this presentation.
"The highlight of the conference is always the producers and
processors who share their experiences on how they are
managing change," says Wilson. "The sessions, discussions,
idea sharing and networking have a unique way of leaving all
attendees inspired."
MAP '98 is organized by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development and Alberta Financial Services Corporation with
major support from the Agriculture and Food Council and the
Alberta Pool.
For program and registration information, call toll free
1-800-387-6030.
Contact: Jean Wilson Carmen Andrew
(403) 415-2146 (403) 742-7500
Key Leaders focus on 4-H
Key 4-H Leaders from across Alberta spent a weekend focusing
on 4-H and sharing information. Approximately 30 dedicated
leaders met at the Alberta 4-H Centre in Westerose to
participate in Key Leader training in November, 1997.
Cont d on page 3
Key Leaders are volunteers who assist 4-H club leaders and
district 4-H council members by providing expertise and
support. Penny Wilkes, provincial 4-H home economics and
leadership specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, explains, "Key Leaders are valuable partners in
4-H. They are the link between the regional 4-H specialists,
district councils and clubs. Key Leaders provide a wealth of
information and resources that enrich the 4-H experience for
members and club leaders. " Each of the Key Leaders is
appointed by their district 4-H council.
Learning how to orientate new 4-H club leaders into Alberta's
4-H program was the main focus of the training Key Leaders
were updated on the revised horse, canine and crafts projects.
The highlight of the weekend was a dynamic session on
coaching skills led by Hugh Phillips from H. P Training Works.
In addition, the Key Leaders participated in a discussion on the
results of the National 4-H Measures of Success and the
Alberta 4-H Needs .Assessment. John Tackaberry, .Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development, Edmonton, and
Jerome Stang, Camrose UFA welcomed the new key leaders
into the program this year. UFA are the exclusive sponsors of
the Key Leader program, and the success of the training is a
direct result of their continued support.
Contact: Penny Wilkes
(403) 422-4H4H
January 12, 1998 - page 3
Other benefits for pulse crops on stubble include their abilitv
to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere Because of this, they are
not affected by low nitrogen levels to the same degree as other
crops
"Research in Swift Current has shown that pea>- and lentils do
not rely on deep sub-soil moisture to the same extend as
wheat or mustard, adds Dunn "This was confirmed in trials
that showed pea yields on stubble were NX per cent of summer
fallow compared with wheat and mustard yielding only f»6 and
60 per cent on stubble."
Peas and lentils are well suited to be direct seeded in the drier
soil zones. Standing stubble helps provide a protective
microclimate for a growing crop during the early growth
stages. Direct seeded yields were 10 per cent higher for peas
and 15 per cent higher for lentils compared to tilled plots in
southwest Saskatchewan research trials.
"Clayton and Miller also emphasized the weed control
challenges for first time pulse crop growers," says Dunn
"Perennial weeds must be controlled the year before and in-
crop control of grassy and broadleaf weeds must be early Both
peas and lentils are very poor competitors with weeds."
Copies of Clayton and Miller's presentations are available. To
receive a copy, contact Rob Dunn, (403) 381-5117.
Contact: Rob Dunn
(403) 381-5117
The future is pulsing
At the Innovations for Reduced Tillage and Pulse Production
seminar held in December, researchers George Clayton,
Lacombe Research Centre, and Perry Miller. Semi-Arid
Research Centre, noted that pulses are an excellent fit for
reduced tillage cropping systems. Peas and lentils are
especially good for drier parts of the prairies.
"At the conference, researchers described the results from
several crop rotation trials in southwest Saskatchewan," says
Rob Dunn. Lethbridge regional conservation coordinator with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "Yield and
protein levels for spring wheat were found to be higher when
grown on pea or lentil stubble as compared to wheat stubble
This confirms the benefits of pulses in rotation observed in
studies from the wetter regions of the prairies."
Peas and lentils are well suited to recropping in the drier soil
zones because they are very efficient in converting available
water to yield. Peas have performed surprisingly well, out
yielding and showing more drought tolerance than spring
wheat.
"The critical period for heat or drought stress on peas is
during the flowering period," says Dunn. "For this reason,
peas should be seeded as early as possible in the drier soil
zones to encourage pod set by early July. "
Growing the farm business
A farm transfer resource guide is now available from
Agriculture Financial Services Corporation and Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development The guide.
Growing the Farm Business Together provides a list of
steps farm families should consider when doing farm
succession planning.
"Doing succession planning as early as possible and with open
communication with all family members are the most
important aspects of a succession plan." says Garry Bradshaw.
management specialist with the agricultural business
management branch of Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development "The guide offers six steps to help farm families
make good decisions about the succession plan "
The guide lists the tasks in each step of the process and
provides outcomes that can be expected when each step is
complete. It is also gives a comprehensive listing of resources
available that can help the planning process at each step.
"Copies of Crouing the Farm Business Together are
available by contacting the local Alberta Agriculture office."
adds Bradshaw
CM d on page 4
January 12, 1998 - page 4
Succession planning publications and videos available at local
district offices or the Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street,
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, include:
• Who's managing the farm - video (available from the
Edmonton office only) - $40 (plus GST)
• Finding common ground - video (available from the
Edmonton office only) - $40 (plus GST)
• Finding common ground - workbook - $8 (plus GST)
• Ownership and farm transfers - $8 (plus GST)
• Business arrangements - $8 (plus GST)
• Farming as a corporation - $8 (plus GST)
• Farming as a partnership - $8 (plus GST)
• Operating as a joint venture - $8 (plus GST)
• Tax management strategies for farmers - $ 10 (plus GST)
• Putting it on the table - CD-ROM (test version only)
\
Please add $2 shipping and handling charges (plus GST) for
all orders being mailed out.
Home study courses available through local district offices or
the Home Study Program, 201, 70C0 - 113 Street, Edmonton,
AB T6H 5T6, include:
• Creating an ownership plan - free
• Farming is about people - workbook and video - $50 (plus
GST)
• workbook only - $ 10 (plus GST)
• Financial files - $ 1 5 (plus GST)
• Retirement files - $ 1 5 (plus GST)
• Training the next generation - $30 (plus GST)
• Farm estate planning - $35 (plus GST)
Please add $2 shipping and handling charges (plus GST) for
all orders being mailed out.
Contact: Garry Bradshaw (403) 556-4244
RihEi°"al Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
Agri-News Briefs
3 3286 51423 9629
""Hill III llll
Alberta farms and farmland
In 1996, there were 58,990 farms in Alberta. The 1996 Census
of Agriculture shows that this is up three per cent from 57,245
in 1991. Total farmland increased as well by one per cent.
Although there was an overall increase, Alberta's average farm
size is 881 acres, down from 898 acres in 1991. Alberta
accounted for 24.6 per cent of Canada's gross farm receipts
and average provincial farm revenue was up 26.3 per cent to
$134,107. Expenses also increased by 23.4 per cent to
$1 13,057. The average value of capital per farm in the
province is $680,577. Compared to 1991, Alberta seeded acres
were up 2.7 per cent but summer fallow area was down
18.9 per cent. Irrigated crop area rose to 1.28 million acres
which is 63 8 per cent of all irrigated land in Canada. The no
till area was 1.94 million acres, up 215.3 per cent from 1991.
Sales of prepared foods on the rise
A survey of supermarket prepared food sections, completed by
the Canadian council of Grocery Distributers and Food
Marketing Institute in fall, 1997, showed that the average
percentage of store sales dollars from prepared food has
increased three-fold in Canada and doubled in the U.S. Among
other trends in supermarket activities the survey noted that
store brands continue to outpace overall market growth,
increasing sales by 10 per cent. The average price per item
carried in supermarkets was $1 .96 in Canada and $2.29 in the
U.S. Seafood sections are the number one addition to
supermarket sections, followed by deli sections.
Harvesting profits
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development is organizing
a Harvesting Profits from Produce conference, at the
Crossroads Hotel, Calgary, on February 1 1 to 13, 1998. The
conference focuses on post-harvest handling and marketing of
fresh fruits, vegetables and potatoes. Technical and
informatio.. .sessions, geared to commercial producers and
produce buyers, provide up-to-date trends in the industry.
Some of the presentations include: food safety and the impact
of HACCP; electronic information in the produce industry;
potato prospects in the food service industry; the Canadian
produce industry, now and in the future; dealing with
reputable buyers; Produce Marketing Association's study on
produce trends; produce handling and precooling technology;
and, logistic and transportation partners. For more
information please contact Betty Vladicka, Crop Diversification
Centre North, Edmonton, (403) 415-2305 or (403) 422-1789;
fax (403) 422-6096.
CANADIANA
JAN 21 m
GO GO GO GO 00 C/
January 19, 1998
Fun or deadly fun, you decide
To many farmers, a snowmobile is almost as important in the
winter as a combine is in the summer. Depending on the
amount of snow, it might be your only means of transportation
to the other side of the farm. There have even been times
when it's the only way to get the kids to school. The
snowmobile is used to check on livestock, haul a few small
bales or some freshly cut wood and helps in a variety of other
activities. Whether it's work or play, safety should be of utmost
importance because a snowmobile, just like any other piece of
machinery on the farm, can be deadly.
Snowmobiling is becoming an increasingly popular sport in
Alberta. As a result, over the last few years, there have been
more snowmobile collisions than ever before. In the 1996/97
snowmobile season, hospital emergency departments treated
107 patients for snowmobile-related injuries, 40 per cent were
not wearing helmets. Of those injured, 92 were driving, 10
were riding and five were being towed behind a snowmobile.
In 1996, there were seven deaths compared with one in 1990.
Why the drastic increase? For starters, there was plenty of
snow through most parts of the province over the last couple
of winters and plenty of snow means plenty of snowmobilers.
From 1990 to 1996, a total of 24 people have been killed in
snowmobile-related incidents in Alberta. Of the 24 fatalities,
23 were male. Twenty of the deaths occurred in the northern
region of the province. Ten deaths involved young Albertans
under the age of 25. Eight of the snowmobilers hit a stationary
object or animal, five incidents involved a collision with
another vehicle or snowmobile and three incidents involved an
avalanche. Of the 18 fatalities in which the blood alcohol level
was analyzed. 11 had consumed alcohol.
So where are these snowmobilers coming from''' Statistics from
1994 help answer that question. In 1994, a tragic snowmobile
year, 114 snowmobile operators were hospitalized in Alberta.
Of those, 1 1 per cent involved residents of Edmonton or
Calgary. Another 60 per cent of hospitalizations involved
people living in urban centers. Less than 30 per cent of those
injured were .Alberta farmers.
January 18 to 24
is
International Snowmobile
Safety Week
That doesn't mean Alberta farmers can rest easy 'While not
having the final statistics from last year, we do know that
during the 1996-97 snowmobile season, there was a sharp
increase in safety-related incidents Being a safe rider means
riding within your own capabilities," says Louise Sherren.
executive director of the Alberta Snowmobile .Association.
"Many of the problems can be avoided by using common
sense."
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Fun or deadly fun, you decide
1
Dairy management specialist
2
The warmest, driest December on the books
3
Grain beetles, common but preventable
3
Rural leadership for the 21s' Century
3
On-farm nutrient management
4
Briefs
5
Liberia
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AMO
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Agri-News'* is published weekly Reprinting of articles >s encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
line-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Paiutke
AGRI-
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
January 19, 1998 - page 2
Solomon Kyeremanteng, manager of Alberta's Agriculture
Farm Safety Program, agrees. "It's a simple matter of being
familiar with the terrain. Most farm people know their
surroundings, they know where their fences are, they know
where it's safe to ride. Then you have some of the urban
snowmobilers, who at times end up trespassing on private
property, who don't know their surroundings and don't know
where the fences are."
There have been some incidents, however, in which snow has
either melted or packed at such a rapid rate, a fence suddenly
appears where only days before it was completely covered in
snow. Even farmers have been known to hit their own fences,
particularly in cases such as this.
Already, Alberta has recorded its first snowmobile-related
fatality of 1998. The victim was a teenaged male who struck a
fence pole on the family farm.
Whether the problem lies with rural or urban residents, safety
education is the key to preventing collisions and fatalities. 4-H
offers snowmobiling as a project, one of about 30 available to
young people between the ages of nine and 20. Members learn
basic skills, proper dress, safety habits and laws governing the
sport.
Alberta 4-H Head Mahlon Weir is a strong supporter of the
program. "What I like about the project is that it provides a
safe, fun environment for young Albertans to learn the basics,"
he says. But the education doesn't end in the classroom.
"Skills and attitudes developed while being positively
influenced by knowledgeable adult volunteer leaders, in a 4-H
club environment, last the member a lifetime," says Weir.
Safety programs are important, but just as important is
common sense when it comes to avoiding accidents. Research
shows that alcohol, speed, driving at night, unsafe operation
and operator inattention are common contributing factors in
snowmobile injuries. Controlling these factors could
significantly reduce the number of injuries and deaths. When
speed and a daring attitude ride together, accidents and death
can all too often be the destination.
After anxiously awaiting the arrival of snow, thousands of
snowmobilers are now getting set to take to the trails and the
importance of safety education, safety campaigns and
common sense are increasing. As more riders take the time to
participate in these programs available to them and take the
time to think, snowmobiling will remain a wonderful way to
spend the winter season.* Statistics courtesy of the Injury
Prevention Centre, Alberta Snowmobile Association and
Alberta Transportation and Utilities.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng Mahlon Weir
(403)427-4227 (403)427-4463
Louise Sherren
403)453-8668
Dairy management specialist
On December 8, 1997, Dr. Divakar Ambrose, was named the
new dairy management specialist with the Beef and Dairy
Group of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. He
is a veterinarian by training with a graduate degree in Animal
Reproduction from India and a doctoral degree in
Reproductive Physiology from the University of British
Columbia and has several years of experience in reproductive
management of dairy cattle. He has served as veterinarian for
a Provincial Milk Producers Federation in India, and has held
research and/or teaching positions at the University of Florida
(U.S.A.), University of British Columbia (Canada) and the
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and National Dairy
Research Institute (India).
"Ambrose has received advanced training and has expertise in
ultrasonography, embryo transfer and in-vitro embryo
production. He has done research on dairy cattle reproduction
in collaboration with well-known reproductive physiologists in
different parts of the world," says Dale Engstrom, head of the
Beef and Dairy Group. "His recent research at the University of
Florida focused on methods to enhance reproductive efficiency
in dairy cattle, particularly under heat-stress conditions and
addressed methods to improve embryo survival in cattle,
nutrition-reproduction interactions and the use of
recombinant bST in lactating Holstein cattle. He has extensive
experience and knowledge in the application of newer
management tools such as timed artificial insemination and
timed embryo transfer. This knowledge was acquired working
with large commercial dairy farms under North American
conditions."
Ambrose will be part of the staff of the new Dairy Research and
Technology Center, a joint venture of the University of Alberta,
Alberta Milk Producers and Alberta Agriculture, Food & Rural
Development. Over the next few months he will be developing
a research program aimed at improving reproductive
performance in Alberta dairy herds.
Ambrose welcomes input to the development of this program
from dairy producers, industry technical representatives and
veterinarians.
Contact: Dr. Divakar Ambrose Dale Engstrom
(403)422-0807 (403)427-4516
e-mail: divakar. ambrose@agric.gov.ab. ca
Cont 'd on page 3
January 19, 1998 - page 3
The warmest, driest December
on record
Both November and December had warm, dry conditions
typical of what can be expected in Alberta when El Nino occurs
December's temperature departures from normal were
double the departure reported for November
"The overall provincial average temperature was 7 3 degrees
above normal and the provincial average precipitation was well
below normal for December in Alberta," says Peter Dzikowski.
agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "December is usually the second coldest and
the fifth driest month of the year. December, 1997 was the
warmest and driest on record for several Alberta locations."
The 7.3 mm provincial average precipitation was 15.2 mm
below the 1961 to 1990 average of 22.5 mm for December.
All regions reported below normal precipitation in December.
The Peace region was the wettest, reporting 68 per cent of
normal December precipitation Amounts of 1.4 to 30.4 mm.
or five to 1 1 3 per cent of normal were reported in Alberta.
Grande Prairie Airport recorded 30.4 mm of precipitation,
1 13 per cent of normal. In contrast, Red Deer Airport reported
only 1.4 mm of precipitation, the driest December on record
over the past 60 years.
The provincial average temperature was 7.3 degrees above the
1961 to 1990 average of -1 1.2 degrees C. Most .Alberta
locations reported monthly average temperatures ranging
from four to 12 degrees above normal.
"Temperature departures increased from southern to
northern Alberta," says Dzikowski. "The northeast, northwest
and Peace regions reported the greatest temperature
departures. The northeast region departure was 9 1 degrees
above normal while the northwest and Peace region departure
was 8.9 and 8.6 degrees respectively. The central region
departure was 7.3 degrees while the southern region was
5.7 degrees warmer than normal. The warm, windy, dry
conditions and bare ground set the stage for the serious grass
fire in southern Alberta."
Edmonton International Airport and Beaverlodge CDA reported
the warmest December on record based on 37 and 70 years of
record, respectively. Ballater CDA reported the greatest
temperature departure in Alberta. 1 1.8 degrees above the
monthly average of -14.4 degrees for December.
Averages are based on data recorded at 45 Environment
Canada climate stations across the province.
You can find more details at the Ropin' the Web Internet site
at: http:Wwww.agric.gov.ab.ca climate
Find information on typical Ei Nino conditions at Environment
Canada's Internet site at:
http://www.mb.ec.gc.ca TSino PNR_charts_English.html
Contact: Peter Dzikouski
(403)427-3594
Grain beetles, common but
preventable
Rustv gram beetles are like the common cold. lhe\ 're aka\s
around in small numbers When conditions are right, they
invade stored grain and reproduce at a staggering rale.
"An invasion of grain beetles results in loss of grain quality
and quantity," says Gordon Frank, crop specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Brooks "It also
means grain that's unsaleable through most gram buying
locations."
Grain should be below 15 degrees Celsius as soon after harvest
as possible. Aeration helps considerably with this drying and
temperature lowering. Even with aeration, however, there can
be problems. Warm, wet spots can concentrate at the top of
the bin and this is where the problem with gram beetles first
gets going.
"Prevention is important. At this time of year, the best action is
to monitor temperature and visually check stored gram,
moving quickly with control measures if beetles are found."
says Frank "If hot spots or insects are found, control is
possible in the cold weather by moving the grain to cool it In
most cases, treatment will be required."
There are two natural diatomaceous earth products available
in Alberta that can be used to treat grain beetles, Protect-It and
Insecto. Some success has been seen by applying these two
products to the surface where beetles are concentrated but,
both are best applied by mixing into the grain.
Contact: Gordon Frank
(403)362-1212
Rural leadership for the 21st
Century
Sustaining economic development for sur\i\al is the most
important major issue facing agriculture and community
leaders in Alberta for the next 10 years, states a study released
at the Leadership 2000 conference in October, 1997.
"After two years of research. Alberta Leadership Education for
Agricultural Development (LEAD) released study findings,"
says Kathleen ()/mun. rural development specialist with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. Smoky
Lake "According to the study, the biggest barrier to leaders
successfully addressing major issues is allocating time to
lead."
Alberta LEAD includes representatives from Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development, the University of
Alberta Faculty of Extension and Rural Education and
Development Association (REDA).
Conl d on page -t
January 19, 1998 - page 4
Other major challenges identified by rural leaders in the study
include:
• influencing political processes and government decisions
affecting agriculture industry and rural communities; and,
• maintaining quality of life, services and the sustenance of
the rural community.
The largest barriers being faced, include:
• marketing knowledge needs in the global context; and,
• rural population's struggle with changes re-shaping rural
communities.
"Over 80 per cent of survey respondents agreed that the
development of leadership capacity for collective or group
decision making and collective/group acn'on is required by the
agriculture industry and rural communities to meet future
needs," says Maureen Barns, rural development advisor with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Edmonton.
"External forces, such as globalization and trade agreements,
are seen as forcing change in behavior in both agriculture
industry and rural communities."
Important leadership behaviors that lead to success are
transformational leadership skills, those that will change the
agriculture industry and rural communities. They include:
establishing communication networks; inspiring a shared
vision; constantly learning; showing openness to new ideas;
and, willingness to identify and address new problems.
Copies of the research abstract, recommendations and copies
of the full report are available by calling John Melicher of
REDA at (403)451-5959-
Contact: Maureen Barnes Kathleen Ozmun
(403)427-4369 (403)656-3613
On-farm nutrient management
A lot of discussion about manure is going on these days.
Livestock producers are taking a closer look at manure
management and need to know how to make the most of the
nutrients in manure.
"Manure management is certainly an issue that is on the
minds of Alberta farmers and ranchers," says Peter Kuperis,
agrologist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Understanding manure management is the
focus of a series of nutrient management workshops
sponsored by Alberta Agriculture's conservation and
development branch and the Canada-Alberta Farm Business
Management Program."
Producers can attend a one-day session that will closely
examine nutrient and manure management to sustain soil and
water quality. Issues being covered include: general best-
management practices for the safe and economic handling of
animal manures; environmental liability; and, guidelines and
standards from the provincial Code of Practice.
"Producers who want to develop a nutrient management plan
for their operation can attend a two-day workshop," adds
Kuperis. "The workshop will use aerial photographs and other
information to develop a nutrient management plan that is
specific to each producer's land resources. The workshop will
also help producers develop manure management strategies
and identify the best management practices for their own
operations."
These one and two-day workshops are being held throughout
Alberta, January through March, 1998. For session dates and
locations, contact Peter Kuperis, conservation economics
agrologist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, (403)427-3819.
Contact: Peter Kuperis
(403)427-3819
January 19, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Alberta Board member on the CFIA
Ben Thorlakson of Airdrie wa.s appointed to the Ministerial
Advisory Board on the Canadian Food Inspection Agency
(CFIA) on December 23, 1997 by Agriculture and Agri-Food
Minister Lyle Vanclief. Thorlakson is president of Cattleland
Feedyards Ltd. and has actively represented the interests of the
Canadian beef industry for 20 years. He has served as vice-
president of the Canadian Cattlemen's Association, past chair
of the .Alberta Cattle Commission and former president of the
Alberta Cattle Feeders .Association. Thorlakson's experience
also includes membership on the Management Board of the
Alberta Science and Research Authority, co-chair of the
CanadaA I.S. Animal Health Working Group and being a
member of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Beef Working Group. Members of this Ministerial Advisory
Board were chosen for their knowledge and areas of expertise
related to the CFIA mandate of food safety, market access and
consumer protection.
Exploring organic alternatives
The three-day conference. Exploring Organic Alternatives, is
being held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan on February 8, 9 and
10, 1998. The conference is an opportunity for farmers,
organic or conventional, to exchange ideas and learn from one
another. Speakers will present insights in organic farming
systems and how to go about changing from conventional to
organic farming. The benefits of organic farming will be
discussed at the conference and workshops will be provided
For registration information, contact Hart Haidn. conference
coordinator, at (306)956-0832, fax: (306)956-0834,
or e-mail: hhaidnCa sk.sympatico.ca or call
Joanne Kowalski at (306)966-8893, fax: (306)966-8894,
or e-mail: jck(c fc.usask.ca For biographies on guest
speakers, a copy of the events calendar, organizers' profiles
and registration and travel information visit the conference
website at www3.sk.sympatico.ca/hhaidn
Native plants workshop
Growing and Marketing Native Plants: a workshop for
potential growers is a one-day workshop held at Olds
College on February 2 1 . 1998. The workshop is part of an
initiative to encourage growth of the native plant industry.
Native plants are in demand for industrial reclamation,
beautification projects, restoration of historic sites, and are
used by florists, nursery trades and aboriginals. They are
adapted to the .Alberta climate and, once established, require
minimum care. Topics covered at the workshop include: what
are native plants: future trends in the industry; demand/
supply issues; seed suppliers and sources; site selection and
preparation; planting methods and equipment; maintenance
of the stand; disease control; harvesting techniques and
equipment; seed processing and cleaning; regulations on seed
quality; markets and marketing; and. contracts and pricing.
The workshop is designed to give potential growers the
information they need to make planning decisions and get
started. Registration is $25 and includes lunch. For more
information, contact Heather Gerling or Suzanne Gill at
(403)427-6597.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51423 9744
Rural Crime Watch Week
Rural Crime Watch Week this year is February 1 to 7. Rural
Crime Watch (RCW) promotes crime prevention throughout
the province and includes rural residents in the program as
extra eyes and ears' working together with the RCMP.
"During Rural Crime Watch Week, local associations are
encouraged to work with the media in the area and hold events
to profile their associations.'' says Lynn Roberts, president of
the Alberta Provincial Rural Crime Watch Association.
There are currendy 108 community RCW associations in the
province with a combined membership of approximately
20,000 households. The program, started as a pilot project in
1979, has one major goal to decrease rural crime that affects
farmers, ranchers, acreage owners and others who have a
vested interest in rural communities.
The 18th annual RCW workshop is a major provincial event
where all associations across the province and neighboring
provinces have the opportunity to get together, share ideas and
listen to informative speakers address a variety of topics.
"The Alberta Provincial Rur.d Crime Watch Association works
with the workshop hosts in organizing the annual workshop."
says Cliff Munroe. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's liaison with the RCW program. "The Association
includes representatives from a number of RCW associations in
Alberta as well as honorary directors from Alberta
Environmental Protection, Alberta Farmers Advocate. Alberta
Justice. Alberta Livestock Marketing. Alberta Cattle
Commission. United Farmers of Alberta and the RCMP."
This year's workshop is hosted by Stony Plain & District Crime
Prevention Association and is being held at the Horizon Stage.
Spruce Grove. For more information about the workshop,
contact Pam Heinz (403) 067-3320 or the Alberta Provincial
RCW Association office (403) 422-0922.
Contact: Cliff Munroe Lynn Roberts
(403) 422-7249 (403) 470-0627
Hidden salinity causes crop
losses
It is now possible to measure and map soil salinity in the field
A n.apping process using the EM 38 Electromagnetic
Induction Salinity Meter identifies low levels of salinity not
previously recognized that can cause yield losses in sensitive
crops. Salinity mapping along with yield monitoring and site
specific agriculture makes it possible to determine the salinity
tolerances of crops and yield losses in the field under a crop's
growing conditions.
"In the past, soil salinity was determined by soil sampling and
analysis," says Dr. Colin McKenzie. soil and water research
agronomist. Crop Diversification Centre South (CDCS) Alberta
c on I d on page 2
This Week
Rural Crime Watch Week 1
Hidden salinity causes crop losses 1
1997 -a good year for Alberta farmers 2
Set the stage for newborn calf health 3
Alberta Agriculture Hall of Fame nominations 4
AgriFuture is pulsing 4
Briefs 5
/dlberta
AGRICULTURE. POOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Pubfisfimg B'ftnch
Agn-News is published weekly Reprinting ot articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewntlen edition with wider
line-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Palutke
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
January 26, 1998 -page 2
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "It was labor
intensive, cosdy and didn't provide the information necessary
to describe the variability of salinity within a field. The EM 38
Meter records conductivity readings proportionate to the
amount of salts in the soil solution. Direct soil contact isn't
required, so a number of readings can be taken at a lower
cost than traditional sampling methods."
When the EM 38 Meter is towed behind an ATV, it's possible to
rapidly and accurately map salinity. With global positioning
methods, using two receivers, one travelling along with the EM
38 and a second receiver base station at a fixed location or
radio tower, readings can be accurately positioned within a few
centimetres.
"We've been using this technology at the CDCS to research
salinity tolerance of crops being grown in Alberta," says
McKenzie. "Salinity tolerances have seldom been determined
by field experiments because of extreme variability of saline
soils. Much of the data on salinity tolerances was obtained
from experiments done in greenhouses at Riverside, California.
These tolerances differ greatly from what a farmer encounters
in the field. As a result, salinity tolerance values in literature
may not be relevant in Alberta field conditions."
Findings show that some special and horticultural crops have
low salinity tolerances. Soil with an electrical conductivity (EC)
of 14 dS/m (deci Siemens/meter - a Siemens is a unit of
electrical conductance) or above is easy to recognize since it is
white for a part of the year and only grows a few salt tolerant
weeds. Sods with an EC of eight to 14 dS/m are also usually
recognized by the farmer. They show some white areas for part
of the year and are difficult to till. These types of soils have
increased numbers of salt tolerant weeds. Many crops grown
in these soils have considerably reduced growth and yield.
Soils with an EC or three to eight dS/m may cause major
reductions in the growth of salt sensitive crops, and can cause
some yield reduction in most other crops. Salinity of this level,
often not recognized by the farmer, may only occur on
portions of a field and is referred to as 'hidden salinity'. Many
solonetzic soils in central and northern Alberta and many
irrigated soils in southern Alberta have an EC in the three to
eight range.
"Several field experiments on many of the special and
horticultural crops grown in Alberta have been conducted by
researchers at the CDCS," adds McKenzie. "Salinity tolerance
and mortality rates for various species of ornamental trees and
shrubs, as well as 28 ..pedes of forage and turf grasses have
been identified. Work done with precision agriculture projects
has helped identify salinity tolerances for barley and dry beans.
This research shows the salinitv tolerance of barley to be about
half of that measured in controlled experiments."
Alberta producers should avoid planting salinity sensitive crops
such as peas, beans, corn, lentils, Kentucky blue grass,
strawberries and most coniferous trees in areas with hidden
salinity. Salinity measurements can be made cheaply, rapidly
and accurately with an EM 38 Metre. The measurements and
data collected can be used to prepare detailed salinity maps.
Data obtained from direct Geld measures in southern Alberta
on salinity tolerances of dry beans, barley, trees, shrubs and
turf provide reliable information for management decisions by
the agriculture, nursery and landscape industries.
Contact: Dr. Colin McKenzie
(403) 362-1347
1997 - a good year for Alberta
farmers
"From a weather perspective, the big story was that both
November and December had warm, dry conditions typical of
what can be expected in Alberta when El Nino occurs," says
Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "December, 1997
was the warmest and driest on record for several Alberta
locations." The 1997 average annual temperature was one
degree warmer than the average for the 1961 to 1990 period.
The province averaged 474.2 mm of precipitation, 15.8 mm
above the long term average. Averages are based on data
recorded at 29 Environment Canada climate stations across
Alberta.
"From a crop perspective, the well above normal June
precipitation helped crops, especially with a very dry July and
August," says Dzikowski. "Most regions received significant
rains in May and June providing adequate moisture for crop
growth. However, the below normal precipitation during the
summer slowed crop growth and development. The warm
sunny weather returned in August providing much needed heat
for the late developing crops and good harvest weather."
For the province as a whole, the year began with temperatures
below normal and ended with well above normal
temperatures. In contrast to January, February was warm.
March and April's below normal temperatures delayed the
start of growing season.
"Precipitation was near normal for the first four months of
1997," says Dzikowski. "May and June temperatures were near
normal and precipitation totals were above normal providing
good moistur" for crops. However, high soil moisture and cool
temperatures delayed seeding operations and slowed crop
growth and development July, usually the second wettest
month of the year, was very dry. Crops in southern and central
regions showed signs of drought stress while excess moisture
stressed crops in the Peace and northern central regions."
The cool, cloudy early summer raised concerns of late
maturing crops and increased risk of frost damage reducing
quality. In addition, severe summer weather caused damage to
crops and property in p:irts of Alberta. There were reports of
cont 'd on page 3
hail, damaging winds, funnel clouds and flooding in
northeastern and southwestern Alberta.
June, typically the wettest month of the year, was the wettest
month in the year with an average of 101.3 mm of rain, about
131 per cent of normal. A dry July raised concerns about too
little moisture for crop development during the critical grain
filling stage, however July 's warm w eather allowed crops to
develop and mature rapidly .
The excess moisture in northeast and southwest Alberta
slowed haying operations while the southern region reported
the lowest precipitation totals for July and August, about 25 to
75 per cent of normal, causing drought stress in some dry land
crops.
"Warm, sunny weather in August provided many areas the
much needed heat for the late developing crops," says
Dzikowski. "September's temperature was 2.2 degrees above
normal and the average precipitation was near normal
providing good harvest weather for most Alberta farmers.
The Peace region, however, reported almost double the
average precipitation in September.
"The first widespread frost occurred between September 17
and 19," adds Dzikowski. "That's about one week later than
the average first fall frost date for most agricultural regions of
Alberta. Temperatures dropped to between 0 and -4.3 degrees.
The frost was followed by warm, dry weather until the end of
the month providing ideal harvest weather."
Growing degree day totals for April 1 to September 29 were
two weeks ahead in the northeast northwest and Peace regions,
one week ahead in the southern region and near normal in the
central region.
October was cool in most of Alberta, slowing harvest
operations and fall field work.
Both November and December had warm, dry conditions
typical of w hat can be expected in Alberta when El Nino
occurs. December's temperature departures from normal
were double the departure reported for November.
December, 1997 was the warmest and driest on record for
several Alberta locations. Most Alberta locations reported
monthly average temperatures ranging from four to 12 degrees
above normal.
"In many parts of the province conditions differed quite a bit
from what the provincial averages show," says Dzikowski. "For
example, the annual total precipitation at Bow Island was
167.1 mm, 51 per cent of the long term average. This was
typical for much of southern Alberta and the northern Peace
region.
"In contrast. Peace River received more than two times that
amount, 548.3 mm, 142 per cent of its 1961 to 1990 average.
Lacombe CDA reported the greatest precipitation departure,
receiving 806.4 mm, 184 per cent of it's long term average."
January 26. 1998 - page 3
You can find more details on die Ropm The Web Internet rite
.it http:\\www.agrie.gov.ab.ca\dimate
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
Set the stage for newborn calf
health
Even if calving doesn't start until mid-March, it's time to start
thinking about calf health. Managing for calf health and vigor is
beneficial and necessary.
"The management of a cow herd during the 60 days before
and after calving is the most critical of the entire year." says
Brian Koberstein, beef specialist widi Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development. "The condition of a beef cow at
calving, both in terms of her 'fatness' and her immunological
status, is crucial.''
The two months before and after calving set the stage for a
cow's productivity, ability to cycle and rebreed. As well, it is an
extremely important time for calf health and vigor.
It is essential to evaluate the situation early enough to be in a
position to react if required. Avoiding problems such as
scours, poor conception and lower pregnancy rates are a few
conditions that need to be considered when working toward
reducing and eliminating production shortfalls.
"If scours were a problem last year, focus on why," says
Koberstein. "Immunity status, colostrum quality and volume
and hygiene can all play a part in this problem. An early visit
with a veterinarian, beef specialist or nutritionist to discuss
how vaccinations, increased vitamin E levels and cow body
condition factor into a planned calving strategy is a wise step to
take."
If conception rates were unacceptable and is wasn't a bull
related problem, the causes need to be determined and dealt
with now. As a matter of good herd management, at this
critical period in the biological cycle, it's time to evaluate
overall cow herd status.
Contact: Brian Koberstein
(403)361-1240
January 26, 1998 - page 4
Alberta Agriculture Hall of
Fame nominations
Nominations for the 1998 Alberta Agriculture Hall of Fame are
now being accepted.
"There are thousands of individuals who dedicate their lives to
the agriculture industry in this province, from the farmer in the
field to people in research, processing and marketing," said Ed
Stelmach, Mhv'ster of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "But there are those who have made such a
significant contribution that their achievements cannot be
overlooked. The Hall of Fame recognizes these individuals."
Being inducted into the Hall of Fame is the highest honour
Alberta Agriculture bestows on those who have gained wide
recognition for their successful endeavours and achieved
outstanding careers in agriculture, food or rural development.
Any Albertan who has made an exceptional contribution at the
local, provincial, national or international agriculture level is
eligible for nomination.
Since its inception in 1951, the Hall of Fame has honoured 102
men and women who exemplify agricultural leadership and
accomplishment. Those chosen to be inducted into the Hall of
Fame this year will be honoured October 16, 1998, during
Agriculture and Food Week.
Nomination forms are available at any Agriculture district office
or by contacting Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Communications Division, J. G. O'Donoghue
Building, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton AB T6H 5T6 or by
phoning (403) 427-2127.
All nomination forms must be returned by March 15,
1998
Contact: Bard Haddrell
(403) 427-2127
Agri Future is pulsing
On February 4 to 6, 1998, a number of agricultural
associations are collaborating on one major event at the
Westerner Park in Red Deer.
"AgriFuture 1998 brings together farm groups and the
agriculture industry at one venue," says Doug Halberg,
president of Alberta Pulse Growers Commission. "Six
producers' groups, representing thousands of farmers will
come together to hold their annual meetings at one place and
at the same event. The industry is very excited about this event."
Members of the six groups involved, Alberta Canola
Commission, Alberta Reduced Tillage, Alberta Conservation
Tillage Society, Soil Conservation Canada, Alberta Pulse
Growers' Commission and Alberta Oat Producers, will have the
opportunity to network with other groups while attending a
number of sessions on a wide range of topics.
The theme of the three-day event is Fields of the Future.
Session topics include: weed control in transgenic canola;
putting together a direct seeding system; benefits of pulse
crops in rotations; fall seeded canola; pulse crop harvest
management; and more.
"Member response to the event has been excellent," adds
Halberg. "Westerner Park will be a very interesting place,
pulsing with activity during the first week of February."
Registration fee is $ 1 50/single or $220/farm pair. For further
information on AgriFuture 1998, contact Pat Kennedy, event
marketing director, (403) 342-2757, fax: (403) 340-0691.
Contact: Doug Halberg Janette McDonald Adam
(403) 889-2208 (403) 986-9398
January 26, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Basic pruning workshops
Two-day workshops, suited to beginning arborists, landscape
maintenance contractors, municipal employees or Albertans
interested in tree and shrub pruning are being offered through
Landscape Alberta Nursery Trades Association (LANTA). The
workshops are scheduled for the Alberta Vocational College,
Calgary. February 12 and 13. 1998: Crop Diversification Centre
North, Edmonton, March 12 and 13, 1998: and. Muskoseepi
Park. Grande Prairie, April 7 and 8, 1998. Instructors Brendan
Casement - agroforestry and horticultural specialist. Brian
Breneman - horticulture specialist and Thean Pheh -
ornamental research technologist, will cover topics on plant
structure, insects and diseases of trees and shrubs and
pruning. Workshop fees are $ 1 19 plus GST (LANTA members
$99 plus GST). The fee includes all instruction, workbook,
certificate and coffee breaks. Attendees must bring their own
basic pruning tools. For more information, contact LANTA
(403) 489-1991: toll free: 1-800-378-3198,
fax: (403) 444-2152.
Future Food
The Canadian Council of Grocery Distributors (CCGD) is
holding the 1998 Western Regional Conference on January 29
and 30 at the Coast Plaza Hotel. Calgary. The conference
provides market, retail and trend information to the grocery
industry. Speakers from across Canada will conduct sessions
on topics that include: tomorrow's food choice: biotechnology
for a hungry planet: meal solutions; retailing in the new
millennium and future food - new products and services.
Registration fee is $225 (includes GST). For further
information, contact Bryan Walton, vice president western
region, CCGD, (403) 250-6608.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51423 9868
00 00 00 00 00 00 OC
February 2, 1998
Minister to develop regulations
on intensive livestock
operations
Development of a new regulatory approach to intensive
livestock operations in Alberta is underway.
"I have instructed my staff within the Ministry to develop a
discussion paper on what kinds of options we should
consider," said Ed Stelmach, Minister of Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development. "I also want to have a full and
frank discussion on the implications of all the options under
consideration."
Once the discussion paper is prepared, the Department will
consult with stakeholders and the public. Following these
consultations, a draft proposal will be presented to the
Standing Policy Committee on Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. The discussion paper should be available by the
end of March. Details on the consultation process will be
announced at that time.
"One of the recommendations from the Growth Summit was
to consider greater provincial involvement in permitting
decisions or the appeal process." said Stelmach. "The status
quo is a blend of municipal and provincial responsibilities. In
most cases that works well but sometimes the status quo isn't
good enough. What we're searching for here is an even better
system."
The Minister is also reviewing the findings of a study called
Agricultural Impacts on Water Quality in Alberta - an
Initial Assessment, released on January 23, 199H by the
Canada-Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture
(CAESA) Water Quality Committee.
"I'd like to congratulate the committee members for their
work," Stelmach commented. "There are still a lot of
questions to be answered, but the Government of Alberta and
our department are committed to doing whatever is necessary
to help protect the quality of water in this province."
FEB 9
Alberta Agriculture takes a lead role in working with industry
to ensure environmental sustajnability in the agriculture
industry and was a key partner in the CAESA Uater Quality
report along with Alberta Environmental Protection. Alberta
Health. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Environment
Canada.
Cant d on page J
This Week
Minister to develop regulations on intensive
livestock operations
1
Alberta environmentally sustainable agriculture
program
2
Top 10 Alberta agriculture facts
3
Manure happens - make the most of it
4
Best manure management practices
4
Farm transfer education fairs
5
500 attend annual equine conference
6
Briefs
7
/dlberra
AG»ICUITUR£. FOOO AND
RUBAL DEVELOPMENT
Agri-News'" >s published weekly Reprinting ol articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
ime-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor Lee Anne Paiutke
AGRI-
CO
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
February 2, 1998 - page 2
The study identified several key areas needing more work:
education, enforcement, research and monitoring. Actions
that Alberta Agriculture and industry have taken include:
• forming the Alberta Environmentally Sustainable
Agriculture (AESA) Council as an industry-led group to
promote environmentally friendly farming practices and
encourage a pro-active approach by industry to
environmental challenges;
• providing $5 million per year through the AESA program.
This money represents a doubling of the provincial
government's investment over the previous fiscal year,
making up the shortfall after the federal government
discontinued funding under the Green Plan. Under the
AESA program, producers and processors are working
together to reduce the industry's impact on the
environment;
• initiating a $ 1 50,000 Environmental Impact Study to
ensure growth in the agriculture sector is responsible and
sustainable;
• conducting technology transfer and education efforts to
increase producers' knowledge of better environmental
management practices;
• creating a livestock development and expansion team to
conduct research on intensive livestock operations and
publishing a developer's guide for establishing and
managing livestock operations;
• updating the Code of Practice for the Safe and Economic
Handling of Animal Manures, to reflect current practices
being used in the field by Alberta Agriculture site
engineers;
• Alberta Agriculture Research Institute (A\RI) sponsoring a
number of research projects related to the management of
manure;
• more than 200 agricultural staff around the province,
including engineers, agronomists and experts in livestock
and crop production, farm business management and soil
conservation specialists are available to assist farmers and
municipalities in siting, design and overall management
practices.
Stelmach congratulated industry for taking a pro-active role in
addressing environmental concerns in the intensive livestock
sector. For example, the Alberta Cattle Commission (ACC) is
establishing a water quality task force to look at ways the
industry can be more pro-active in protecting the province's
water supply. As well, the ACC received approval of 23 research
projects, totalling $7 million, under the Canada-Alberta Beef
Industry Development Fund.
The Alberta Pork Producers Development Corporation
administers a similar industry development fund. Under this
fund, research to address environmental issues including
manure, odour and water are priorities.
Copies of the CAESA Water Quality report are available from
the Publications Office of AJberta Agriculture, 7000 - 1 13
Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, or by phone - (403)427-0391.
Contact: Ron Glen - Executive Assistant to the
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development
(403)427-2137
Ray Bassett - Assistant Deputy Minister
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development
(403)427-1957
Alberta environmentally
sustainable agriculture program
In April 1997, Ed Stelmach, the Minister of Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development, announced the formation of a new,
long-term environmental program for the agri-food industry
called the Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture
(AESA) Program. The /VESA program replaced the Canada-
Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture (CAESA)
Agreement, a five-year federal-provincial agreement that
concluded in March 1997.
At that time, Stelmach said the Government of Alberta
recognizes the importance of continuing to find ways to make
the agri-food industry more environmentally sustainable. One
of the ways to do that is to ensure the industry has the best
science and information available to protect natural resources.
The AESA program provides funding for research, extension
and monitoring. Funding is available to rural municipalities,
agriculture organizations, agricultural processors,
environmental groups and aboriginal organizations for
education and demonstration activities.
The AESA program is made up of the following four
components:
• transfer of technology to farmers and ranchers
• technology development and demonstration to processors
• monitoring changes to soil and water quality
• research to find new technologies and management
practices
Funding for the program is $5 million per year. This
commitment represents a doubling of provincial investment in
dedicated environmentally-sustainable agriculture
programming. It also allows for a meaningful program to be
continued into the future now that federal cost-sharing is no
longer available. The program is directed by a council
composed of a cross-section of industry and stakeholder
representatives. A list of the members of the AESA Council is
attached. The Council was appointed by the Minister from
Cont d on page J
February 2, 1998 - page 3
nominations received from industry and stakeholder
organizations. It is responsible for ensuring that the program
meets the needs of the industry in its search for improved
environmental management.
Members of the AESA Council
Bruce Beattie. ( hair
Sundre
Roger Bryan
Camrose
Ken Dietzler
Lacombe
Doug Hall
Airdrie
Bernard Kotelko
Vegreville
Colin Kure
Innisfail
Gerry Lewis
Edmonton
Glenn Logan
Lomond
David Oseen
Turin
Terry Rachuk
Nisku
Don Sawyer
Condor
Ron Svanes
Carmangav
Donna Tingley
Edmonton
Harold I'nruh
VauxhaJI
Charles Westra
Gibbons
Ben Boettcher
Wanham
Brian Colgan
Edmonton
Don Fluney
Dewberry
John Kolk
Picture Butte
Fred Kraft
Edmonton
Renald Lamoureux
Fort Saskatchewan
Gary Lilge
Valleyview
Gary Nason
Calgary
John Petruic
Calgary
Charles Rypien
Athabasca
Bill Stewart
Hairy Hill
Jack Swainson
Red Deer
Clifford Tuininga
Veerlandia
Nico Van der Giessen
Bezanson
Top 10 Alberta agriculture facts
Agriculture in Alberta contributes considerably to the
provincial economy The important facts and figures of
agriculture and value-added agri-food products in the province
are often, tinfortunatelv. not known bv most Altaians
The following 10 facts answer a few of the questions AJbertans
may have about Alberta's agriculture mdusirv
1 The value of farm cash receipts gives a good picture of how
Alberta's farmers and ranchers are doing The value is
updated by Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's statistics and production economics
branch throughout the year The value of farm cash
receipts for 19% totalled $6.39 billion That s an increase
of 8.5 per cent from 1995 s total of $5 89 billion Alberta
ranks second in Canada for farm cash receipts, just
behind Ontario at$d ol billion and ahead of Saskatchewan
at $5.44 billion.
1 The processing industrv also had a record breaking vrur in
1996. Food and beverage shipments for 1996 were at an
all-time high of $6.84 billion That's an eight percent
increase from 1995 ($6.33 billion).
3- The agriculture industrv in Alberta is growing at a rate that
out-strips most of the other major industries in the
province. Alberta's potential for continued growth is very
encouraging.
4. The industry needs help identifying new value-added
market opportunities. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development is prepared to help Alberta producers in this
area. The department recently announced a $35 million
investment in a new value-added corporation
5. Agriculture creates jobs Alberta Agriculture has estimated
that industrv growth will create close to 100.000 new |obs
in both the primary and processing sectors over the next
seven years.
6. Alberta Treasury statistics show that agriculture creates
more jobs per investment dollar than either energy or
education. For every $100,000 invested in agriculture and
related industries. 2.6 |obs are created
7. Agriculture is the third largest employer in the province
One in three Albertans is employed either directly or
indirectly in the agriculture industry.
8. AJberta has more cattle than any other province in Canada
On July 1. 1996. there were more than five million head of
cattle in the province Alberta also has Canada s third
largest hog population.
9. Alberta began a new-look crop insurance program in
1997 On average, farmers will pav 25 per cent less for
their premiums The federal and provincial governments
have assumed a larger share of the premium and risk for
basic coverage
Cont'd on p0gt 4
February 2, 1998 - page 4
10. Alberta was expected to lead the country in economic
growth in 1997. The provincial economy was forecast to
grow by 3 6 per cent in 1997, compared with 3.0 per cent
for Canada as a whole.
These are just 10 facts about the agriculture industry and
agriculture growth in the province. For more information,
contact the statistics and production economics branch of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development at
(403)427-4011.
Contact: Michael Adam
(403)422-2886
Manure happens - make the
most of it
Livestock manure is receiving increasing public attention.
Ground and surface water quality degradation from
agricultural sources is regarded as an environmental concern.
Proper management is being closely looked at to determine
handling, application timing and application rates.
"There are many management factors that must be
considered when planning and dealing with manure disposal
and use," says Dr. Ross McKenzie, research scientist - soil
fertility with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"Excessive applications, applied repeatedly over a number of
years is an example of mismanagement that eventually results
in nutrient overloading in soil. Nutrient overloading, poor
handling or poor timing of manure applications can lead to
water quality problems. Proper management practices can be
used to use manure as a valuable nutrient resource rather
than as a contaminant and waste."
iManure is an excellent 'organic' fertilizer containing
nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and many other
nutrients. It can physically benefit the soil, adding organic
matter which improves soil tilth and structure. Because it is
organic however, there is a perception that it can't be harmful
to soils or the environment. While there's no question that
proper amounts of manure added to soil can be beneficial, too
much can lead to problems.
"To prevent problems from developing, intensive livestock
operators must use best manure management practices
(BMP)," says McKenzie. "It is very important to remember
that BMP will vary from farm to farm, depending on the
climate zone the farm is located in, the type and number of
animals in confinement, the total amount of manure
produced and how the manure is handled, stored and
applied."
Other factors that must be considered are the amount of land
available to apply the manure, soil types on the farm, types of
crops grown and crop yield potential. BMP must be developed
specifically for each farm.
"Producers must take a pro-active approach to manure
management to ensure both the sustainability of the farm and
the environment," adds McKenzie. "Following a step by step
approach is essential in planning best manure management
practices for each farm in Alberta."
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie
(403)381-5126
Best manure management
practices
Intensive livestock operators must use best manure
management practices (BMP) to prevent problems from
developing. A step by step approach, specifically developed to
the individual operation, location and soil composition, is
essential.
"The place to start planning BMP is to determine how much
total manure is produced by the livestock operation," says
Dr. Ross McKenzie, research scientist - soil fertility with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The Alberta
Agriculture booklet Code of Practice, provides general
estimates of manure produced. However, amounts produced
vary considerably depending on methods of storage and
handling. The most accurate way is to weigh every truckload of
manure that is removed."
The next factor that needs attention is ensuring a sustainable
on-farm location to store manure. In the case of solid manure,
storage is needed for up to six months while waiting for
appropriate times to apply the manure to fields.
"The storage site must be on soil with very low permeability to
prevent contaminants from seeping into the subsoil and
possibly the ground water," says McKenzie. "It's very
important to ensure leachate from manure piles can't leave
the storage area in surface runoff during heavy rain or rapid
snow melt."
In the case of liquid manure storage, seepage from the
containment area must be prevented. Containment areas can
be lined using flexible membranes or other types of
impermeable material. In all cases, surface water runoff must
be diverted away from manure storage areas.
"Where to apply the manure and at what rates to apply are the
two factors that require the greatest attention." says McKenzie.
"Application involves identifying the fields where manure can
be applied, determining the acreage of each field and soil
testing each field separately. In determining where and how
much to apply, soil sampling to a depth of two feet (90 cm)
must be analysed for nitrate-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium,
sulphate-sulphur, boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, pH
and electrical conductivity. Twenty random sampling sites
across each field are needed to make up a composite soil
Cont d on page 5
February 2. 1998 - page 5
Simple. Each field should be analysed each year, either in late
fall or early spring. This information, needed to identify which
nutrients are deficient in each field, is the planning basis that
determines how much of each nutrient should be added to the
soil to supply adequate levels for crop growth
In addition, soil sampling to a depth of four feet (1.2 metres)
is recommended every few years to ensure potential nutrient
leaching is not developing If a problem is recognized earlv it
can be dealt with before it becomes a serious concern.
"Information must be gathered and put together to develop a
manure management plan," adds McKenzie. "Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development has developed a set
of calculation sheets to help producers work through the
process. These worksheets are excellent in helping develop a
BMP They help producers understand how much manure can
be applied to different crops and fields based on crop removal
rates in different soil and climate areas. It may seem like a
daunting exercise, but it is essential in planning a manure use
program."
In situations where intensive livestock producers don't have a
large enough land base to spread manure, there is an
opportunity to work with neighbors. Commercial fertilizer
prices have dramaticallv increased over the past several years
One alternative is for neighbors close to a feedlot or intensive
livestock operation to use manure to organically beat the
rising cost of commercial fertilizers.
The booklet. Code of Practice can be purchased for S 10,
plus GST. from Alberta Agriculture district offices and the
Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6.
or by calling ttoll free 1-800-292-5697 (please add $2, plus
GST, for shipping and handling).
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie
(403)381-5126
Farm transfer education fairs
To launch the new resource guide Growing the Farm
Business Together a series of five Farm Transfer Education
Fairs is planned to introduce farm families to the outlined
six-step planning process.
"The farm transfer fairs include resource displays and
speakers to increase awareness of the process of transferring
labor, management and ownership of a farm business from
one generation to the next." explains Janice McGregor, rural
development specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development.
Speakers scheduled throughout the day focus on farm transfer
issues and provide practical solutions and options to consider
in transfer planning. These experts will be available to answer
individual questions and suggest resources to assist in
designing and implementing farm transfer.
Gam Brad.shaw. management specialist with farm business
management branch Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development, will introduce the six-step transfer process
savs McGregor Bradshaw uiallenges farm families to openlv
communicate their individual and lamilv goals Me will explain
win discussing land transfers and farm machinery ownership
and spending some time thinking about how the business will
train and integrate new management talent, are important
factors in the transfer process."
Ted Ford. Alberta Treasurv Branches, handles a session on
Affordable. Desirable and Profitable These three key issues
regarding the financial health of the farm business need to be
addressed to ensure the retiring generation can afford to retire
while leaving enough to operate a viable farm business
"Taxation issues, always a popular topic, will be covered bv
Merle Good, tax law business arrangements specialist with the
agricultural business management branch. Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development. "Good will show how taxation
can affect farm transfer decisions Rollovers, capital gains and
inventory concerns will also be addressed."
Business arrangements will be covered by a panel of experts
including a lawyer, accountant and financial planner It is
important to seek feedback from a wide variety of experts in
developing and implementing your plan
Dates and locations for the fairs is listed below. Fairs will be
open from 1 00 PM to 8:00 p.m. in each location.
February 10. 1998 Westlock Inn, Westlock
February 11. 1998 Stony Motor Inn. Stony Plain
February 12. 1998 Barrhead Inn. Barrhead
February 17. 1998 Camrose Regional Exhibition. Camrose
February 18. 1998 Killam Legion. Kjlliam
There is no charge to attend the fairs, but please pre-register
with an Alberta Agriculture office.
For further information regarding the scheduling of individual
speakers, contact Janice McGregor Copies of the free resource
guide Growing the Farm Together are available at Alberta
Agriculture offices and the Alberta Agriculture's Publications
Office. 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB TdH 5T6
Contact: Janice McGregor
(403)939-4351
February 2, 1998 - page 6
500 attend annual equine
conference
On January 9 and 10, 1998, 500 horse enthusiasts converged
on Red Deer to attend the l6'h annual Horse Breeders and
Owners Conference. Only in Alberta, was the most often
heard comment describing this well planned, highly
informative event.
Internationally respected speakers covered a range of topics
dealing with nutrition, exercise, conformation, dental health,
reproduction, the equine market, networking and horse
alliance groups, equipment and tack - and Albertans involved
in the growing horse industry soaked up every bit of the
information.
"I'm here to learn, socialize and meet other people in the
industry," said first time conference attendee, Roman
Kneblewski or White Eagle Ranch Inc., Caroline. "It's
important to keep up with new research and the direction this
industry is headed."
"The sessions on breeding and reproduction are what interest
me the most," noted Dennis Dodds of Thunder Valley Farms,
Black Diamond. "I've imported some good stock and want to
produce even better horses. Education and research are
certainly part of reaching that goal. Breeding horses and being
involved in the sport and industry aren't fads, they're a way of
life."
The conference, coordinated by the horse industry section of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, receives
critical acclaim each year from attendees as well as invited
speakers and presenters. "This would never happen in Texas,"
said Ken Carson, business manager of Valor Farm, Pilot Point,
TX, and member of the Texas Thoroughbred Breeders
Association. "It's a wonderful opportunity for people in Alberta
to have an event like this to go to."
Conference organizers, Les Burwash, head of equine
programs, Bob Coleman horse specialist, and Doug Milligan,
head of the pork, poultry & horse branch, all with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, spend considerable
time with representatives from breed associations to make
sure the sessions cover issues and topics that concern and
interest Alberta horse breeders and owners. The invited
speakers are always experts in their chosen fields, recognized
internationally by the horse industry. Overall, the quality of
presentations were the best that have been given at the
conference.
"This is our fourth conference," said Neil and Mary Duggan of
Khaarga Arabians, Gwynne. "Each time, you can't help but
learn at this conference. The information provided is really
good and of real value. The sessions on maintenance,
nutrition and care were excellent. We especially like the great
variety of speakers and topics."
This annual conference is supported by a number of sponsors:
Alberta Treasury Branch, Canadian Dehydrators Association,
Champion Feed Services Ltd., Diamond V Mills Inc., Horse
Publications Group, the Jones Boys Saddlery and Western
Wear, Merial Canada (Equalan), United Farmers of .Alberta.
A.E.F. Western Riding Coaches of Alberta, Wild Rose Equine
Ranching .Association (NAERIC member), the Alberta Society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"We are grateful to our sponsors for their help in making the
conference such a success," says Burwash. "For the past five
years, a donation from conference proceeds has been made to
the Equine Health Research Fund at the Western College of
Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon. The college is a leader in
equine research. Their research findings are always available
and of value to all horse owners and breeders. Again this year,
because of the tremendous response, we'll be sending a
donation to support the college and help fund equine
research.
The Horse Owners and Breeders Conference is held each year
in January. It has become known as one the premier horse
conferences in North America. Several speakers are already
confirmed for next year's event on January 8-10, 1 999
Contact: Les Burwash Bob Coleman
(403)948-8532 (403)427-5096
February 2. 1998 -page 7
Agri-News Briefs
Alberta Quality Awards
Alberta Quality Awards promote and recognize Alberta
organizations for their commitment to quality, dedication to
continuous improvement and achievements in organizational
performance. The program is open to Alberta organizations
engaged in manufacturing and service (private sector),
education, health care, government (public sector) or not-for-
profit enterprises Deadline for submissions to the Alberta
Quality Awards Program for 1998 is March 16. For more
information about this award program, contact Kari Taylor
(403)423-6878; toll free: 1-800-224-0848;
fax: (403)426-1509: e-mail: kari_taylor(c the-alliance.com
Alberta Horticulture Congress
At the 1997 Alberta Horticultural Congress held in November
in Edmonton, the horticulture industry was recognized as a
significant contributor to the Alberta economy. Keynote
speaker. Brian Smith. Woodlea Nurseries. Southampton.
England, highlighted the conference by sharing his marketing
strategies with attendees. Plans for the 1998 combined trade
show and Congress are well underway. The event will be held
in Edmonton at the Mavfield Inn and Trade Centre on
November 12 and 13, 1998.
Nursery growers seminar
Landscape Alberta \urser\ Trades Vssocialion (I.ANTA) is
holding a Nursery Growers Seminar on February 13 and N.
19l)8 ai ths Crossroads Hotel in Calgary Topics ranging from
field grown fertility, nursery efficiency to industry trends and
what's new in roses, perennials and woody plants will be
covered Speakers include John B\land. general manager of
Byland's Nurseries; Mario Lanlhier. manager with Crop
Health; Rick Durand. owner of Prairie Shade Consulting
Service; and. Jim Stolzenburg. active member of the
Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association For further
information, contact LANTA at (403)489-1991. Edmonton or
toll free 1-800-378-3198.
Beginner sheep production course
Olds College is offering an introductory course on the sheep
industry on February 7 and 8. 1998. The course consists of
one and one-half days of classroom instruction and a half dav
in the Olds College Sheep Enterprise Students have the
opportunity to get hands-on. how-to experience in vaccinating,
drenching ewes, foot trimming, ear-tagging, docking tails and
stomach tubing lambs. Classroom instruction covers basic
economics, sheep breeds, basic sheep nutrition, predators,
overview of sheep diseases and lambing supplies and
procedures. For more information or to register, contact
Joanne Letourneau (403)556-8377, Olds College
National Library ot Canada
Bibliotheaue nationale du Canaite
Dlllllllllll
3 3286 51512 7013
February 9, 1998
New crops and new diseases
Crop production trends in the prairies have moved to
diversification and increased production of exotic herbs,
spices, essential oil and medicinal plants. Along with these
new crops can come diseases that have rarely, if ever, been
seen on the prairies before.
'The plant pathology team at Crop Diversification Centre-
South, (CDCS) are discovering new diseases and documenting
their incidence on the prairies," says Dr. Kan Fa Chang, plant
pathologist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. CDCS Brooks. "Plant pathologists spend part of
their time looking at diseased plants, isolating the pathogens
believed to be responsible, then introducing the pathogen to a
healthy plant like the one the disease was originally found on
in order to prove it is the true cause of the problem. The other
part of their time is spent searching for controls, whether
chemical, biological or cultural for diseases. The pathology
group works with many of the horticultural and specialty crops
in the province."
New diseases have been found at the CDCS. In August 1996.
Chang reported Sclerotica stem rot on a crop called stevia for
the first time. Stevia. an annual plant that comes from
Paraguay, is used as a low calorie sweetener in South East Asia
and South America. It is 100-300 times sweeter than regular
sugar (sucrose). The stem rot disease was discovered in the
research plots at CDCS and until that time it had not been
described on the prairies before.
"The second host that the stem rot was found on was purple
coneflower (echinacea)." adds Chang. "Echinacea is a
perennial herb that is grown as an ornamental and also has
uses as a medicinal herb. Once again the disease had not been
described before but showed up in the research plots at CDCS
in 1996 In the spring of 1997. stem rot occurred in echinacea
fields at Vernon BC. Stem rot could impact the production of
this crop in both the field and greenhouse."
Also in the spring of 1997 at Vernon BC. botrytis blight was
discovered on coneflowers. Chang isolated the pathogen from
affected plants and identified it This disease also could have
significant impact on the productivity of this crop
Chang, along with Dr. Sheau-rang Hwang. Alberta Research
Council, Vegreville, has done extensive work studying the
yellows diseases of caraway, calendula, echinacea, monarda
and valerian Yellows diseases are caused by microorganisms
called phytoplasmas. These are smaller than bacteria, but
Cont d on page .
This Week
New crops and new diseases
1
Annual ryegrass pasture
2
Trails to 2000, AAR1 1998 Farming for the Future
conference
2
New scholarship fund seeks 4-H applications
2
No spring fire surprises
3
There 's gold in them th 'ar manure piles
4
When and how to apply manure
4
Trucking - a critical step in getting product to
market
5
Briefs
6
Liberia
agriculture, rooo AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Pbbfct'vng B'»nch
Agri-News'" is published weekly Reprinting of articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
line-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Paiutke
AGRI
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
February 9, 1998 - page 2
larger than viruses and are responsible for over 200 diseases
in a variety of plants. The best known yellows disease is aster
yellows, which attacks vegetables such as carrots.
These organisms survive and reproduce in plant tissue, and
are transmitted by insects, like leafhoppers, which feed on the
phloem of the plant.
"iManagement of yellows includes focusing on both the
pathogen and the vector," says Chang. "This includes
monitoring for leafhoppers and controlling their numbers
when they begin to increase. Producers should also control
perennial weeds and avoid planting susceptible crops close to
fields of other susceptible crops."
Contact: Dr. Kan Fa Chang
(403)362-1334
Annual ryegrass pasture
Annual crops can be a valuable part of the regular farm or
ranch forage program. Historically, cereal crops have been
used as the primary source of annual pasture but in the past
few years, annual ryegrass has received a lot of attention as an
alternative source of annual pasture.
"In 1997, a number of on-farm demonstrations were
conducted in southern Alberta to evaluate the potential for this
grass for summer grazing and as a source of stockpiled fall
grazing," says Gordon Hutton, crop specialist - forages with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The results
from these projects indicate that annual ryegrass can provide
high quality forage from early summer through to November."
The trials also indicated that stocking rates and cattle live
weight gains per acre are very dependent on seasonal
moisture.
Annual rvegrass is a very shallow-rooted grass and is best
suited to irrigation or cropping areas that receive 10 to 14
inches of rainfall though the growing season.
"Under good moisture conditions, live weight gains obtained in
1997 ranged from 440 lbs per acre for summer pasture to an
estimated 100 pounds per acre when used as stockpiled fall
pasture," adds Hutton. "Due to the high forage quality, this
pasture program is well suited for use with yearlings or
weaned calves."
Costs for seeding this crop range from $45 to $70 per acre.
Further information on the results of the ryegrass on-farm
projects is available by contacting Hutton at (403)948-8502.
Contact: Gordon Hutton
(403)948-8502
Trails to 2000
AARI 1998 Farming for the
Future conference
The Alberta Agricultural Research Institute hosts the Farming
for the Future conference on March 12, 1998, at the
Medicine Hat Lodge in Medicine Hat.
"At the conference, the results of research and demonstration
projects supported by AARI are presented," says conference
coordinator Joan Unger of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Topics being covered are soil and water
management, crop production, livestock production and value
added processing. The presentations are of direct interest to
producers, processors, specialists and researchers.
Information about the many AARI programs will also be
available."
A multi-media presentation on AARI programs will open the
one-day conference, followed by speakers covering various
projects from the On-Farm Demonstration Program. Four
concurrent sessions on resource conservation, crop, livestock
and value-added research results are presented in the
afternoon. Each of the concurrent sessions will run twice.
"The conference concludes with a banquet at which the
Honorable Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, is the featured speaker," adds I nger.
"Displays complementing the day's topics will help showcase
the important role research plays in the growth of the
agriculture and food industry."
Conference registration fee is $60.00. It covers attendance of
all sessions, refreshments, luncheon, banquet and published
proceedings.
Producers, processors, specialists and researchers are
especially invited to take part in this unique opportunity to
learn about the latest advances in research and technology.
Contact: Joan ( nger
(403)422-6555
email: unger((i agric.gov.ab.ca
New scholarship fund seeks
4-H applications
Fifty new $1,000 IVOMEC" scholarships have been developed
from money granted by Merial Canada Inc. Additional funds
will also be donated by Merial Canada Inc. to support 4-H
programming.
"To qualify for an IVOMEC " 4-H Scholarship, 4-H members
must meet eligibility criteria and complete an application form
available from their regional 4-H specialist," says Mike
Nowosad of the Canadian 4-H Council.
Qml d on page j
All applications must be accompanied by a 400-750 word
essay in either English or French on the following topic:
Since the beginning of this century, a progression of
ingenious farming methods have advanced the
Canadian cattle industry and agriculture in general A>
we embark on the 2V century, what innovations can
you imagine that could further advance the cattle
industry or agriculture in general?
"We are very honored to be able to contribute to 4-H youth
education through the support of our customers," say s Jean-
Claude Noel, associate director of marketing for Merial Canada
Inc. "Our intent in creating the IYOMEC® 4-H scholarships is
to foster and support a tradition of ingenuity in 4-H youth."
Eligibility criteria:
1. Applicants must be 16 years of age by January 31. 1998.
2. Applicants must have been 4-H members for at least two
years, and have been registered as 4-H members within the
last five years.
3. Entrants are eligible whether or not they have participated
in another 4-H national or international awards program.
4. Applicants are required to submit a completed application
form, signed by a local 4-H leader or regional 4-H
specialist.
5. Applicants must submit an essay with their completed
application form. Essays will be judged for style, subject
knowledge, originality, quality and interpretation of
research.
6. Winners must use the funds within four years from receipt
of the award for attendance at a university, college or other
post-secondary institution while studying an agriculture
related course. Funding may be used for tuition, books
and/or lodging.
Applications from 4-H members across Canada are being
accepted from now until March 31. 1998 for the 51,000
rVOMEC* 4-H Scholarships. Winners are announced in June,
1998. Send completed applications form along with the essay
to:
CANADIAN 4-H COUNCIL
1690 Woodward Dr. Suite 208
Ottawa. ON K2C 3R8
Attention: Judy Gallant, program manager
Tel: (613) 723-4444 'Fax: (613) 723-0745
Application forms will also be distributed to participating
veterinary clinics and farm supply stores. For more
information, please contact your regional 4-H specialist or the
provincial 4-11 office
Contact: Mike Sowosad Carol Sullivan
Canadian 4-H Council <403)422-4INII
1613)723-4444
February 9, 1998 - page 3
No spring fire surprises
Spring is coming and it s important to finish off those winter
tasks so the new season doesn t hold any nastv surprises The
fall of 1997 was extremely dry and there is the possibility of a
drv spring and of high fire hazard
"If clearing land and pile burning was done list fall, now is the
time to check windrows or brush piles to see if they are still
burning," says Bill Bereska. manager, wildfire and Air
Operations with Alberta Environmental Protection \X ith a drv
fall, there's a good chance of hold-over fires either in the piles
themselves or possibly in the ground The best time to check if
they are still burning is on a cold morning with no wind
Smoke should be visible if there is still fire burning."
.mother good sign indicating still burning piles is patches of
melted snow around or near the piles With spring
approaching, adequate cleared areas around still burning
windrows and brush piles is an important safety feature
"Repiling the windrows or brush piles to complete the burn
may be required," says Bereska. "To ensure the burn is
completely out. spread any remaining debris out the snow to
prevent hold over fires. Remember that as of April I. 1996,
burning permits are required."
If you live in the Forest Protection Area of Alberta, notify the
local district office with the legal description of the burn area
and discuss your concern of possible holdover fires with the
Land and Forest Service (LFS). Staff with LFS may choose to
have the area scanned after the snow is gone using infrared
technology to detect any fires still burning. If any are found,
the landowner is notified.
To ensure a fire-free spring on your property, follow these
simple rules:
• inspect the exterior of rural residences at least once a year,
preferably before summer:
• maintain a fuel-free area around homes by removing
flammable plants from beside the house and clearing
nearby ground vegetation, stumps, rotting logs, branches,
brush and other flammable materials A large green lawn is
ideal:
• ensure debris or windrows resulting from land clearing arc-
no more than 60 metres (200 feet) long;
• leave an eight metre (25 foot) break between each
windrow;
• surround the area to be burned by a guard of at least 1 5
metres (50 feet) clear of flammable material.
• only light as main brush piles as can be kept under
control:
• ensure windrows are at least 25 metres (75 feet) away from
uncleared land or standing hazardous fuels;
• separate parallel windrows by at least 15 metres (50 feet).
Oml d tin page y
February 9, 1998 - page 4
• ensure every fire is supervised by a responsible person
approved by the forest officer or guardian; and,
• have fire fighting equipment at the fire site. As a minimum,
include one axe, two round point shovels, one hand pail
and a supply of at least 200 litres of water.
For further fire safety information, contact your local Land and
Forest Service district office.
Contact Bill Bereska Bob Young
(403)427-2545 (403)422-5172
When neighboring farmers can take advantage of win-win
situations like this, the whole agricultural community
benefits."
A sound manure management plan is essential in any farming
operation. Crop specialists at Alberta Agriculture district offices
are a resource that can be used when working through the
planning process.
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie
(403)381-5126
There's gold in them th'ar
manure piles
It's difficult to put an exact dollar figure to the nutrient value
of manure because of the variability in nutrient content and
the nutrients are released over a period of years. Benefits such
as better tilth are also hard to quantify. However, manure does
have value.
"The nutrients available in manure can lower a farmer's
fertilizer costs considerably," says Dr. Ross McKenzie, research
scientist - soil fertility with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "If commercial nitrogen (N), phosphate
(P,0.)and potassium (K,0) fertilizers have values of $0.35,
0.30 and 0.20 per pound, respectively, and feedlot manure has
a content of 21 lbs - N, 18 lbs - P,0. and 26 lbs - K,0 in each
ton of manure, then the approximate value of one ton of
feedlot manure is $18. If the manure was applied at 10 tons
per acre, the value of the nutrients applied would be $180/
acre. Keep in mind, however, that only about half of the N and
P will be available in the year of application in case of feedlot
manure."
A 10 ton/acre application rate should provide enough nutrients
in the first year of application to meet the nutrient
requirements of an 80 bushel/acre barley crop. If 10 tons of
manure are applied each year, the decay rate of nutrients
released from the manure must be taken into account.
The cost of delivery and spreading the manure is betweenZ
$3 and $5 per ton depending on the hauling distance. At a
10 ton/acre application rate, the total cost per acre of the
manure could be $30 to $50. This is excellent value
considering that about $180/acre of nutrients are being added
to the soil.
"Producers within five to eight miles of a confined livestock
operation should consider using manure as a fertilizer
source," adds McKenzie. "The potential to purchase manure
by paying for delivery and spreading has a double benefit. The
confinement operator can dispose of extra manure and a
nearby neighbor has an excellent source of fertilizer for the
cost of transport. Also, manure applied to machine leveled or
eroded fields will also improve the physical quality of the soil.
When and how to apply manure
Good fertilizer planning begins with soil testing. Unless a
farmer knows what nutrients are needed and in what
amounts, fertilizing is shooting in the dark.
"Random soil sampling is one of the basics, it's something
that should be done each and every year," says Dr. Ross
McKenzie, research scientist - soil fertility with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "If manure has
been used for fertilizer in previous years, representative
manure samples should be taken yearly and analyzed for total
and available nutrients, specifically nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium."
Available nutrient refers to an element in the soil that can be
readily absorbed by growing plants. Total nutrient refers to an
element in the soil in both plant available and unavailable
forms.
"When determining manure application rates, available
nutrients and the portion of the unavailable nutrients that will
be released from manure in the year of application must be
matched to crop nutrient requirements in each field," says
McKenzie. "Book values of typical nutrient levels can be
obtained from the Code of Practice Keep in mind that
nutrient content of manure is highly variable, depending on
source, feed and method of storage."
When fertilizing with manure it's difficult to exactly meet crop
requirements for all nutrients. When manure is applied based
on one nutrient, other nutrients will either be over or under
applied. Complicating the situation further, nutrients such as
nitrogen and phosphorus are contained in a number of
different available and unavailable compounds. In this way if
not monitored by representative manure samples and soil
sampling, repeated applications over a period of years can
result in excessively high soil phosphorus levels.
"Crop rotation as part of the over-all farm plan is an effective
tool in balancing nutrients in soil," says McKenzie. "For
example, applying manure annually to five years of barley
silage to meet the nitrogen requirements may have to be
followed by four years of alfalfa to draw down the phosphorus
soil levels. Another alternative is to apply manure to meet the
Cnnt d on page 5
phosphorus crop requirements and supplement with nitrogen
There is no single best answer, but there are alternatives "
The decision of when to apply manure is relatively easy.
Manure should only be applied in early spring or after harvest
and before freeze-up in the fall. Manure can't be spread
during the growing season when annual crops are actively
growing and manure application onto perennial crops is not
normally recommended due to potential runoff and air qualitv
factors. The only exception is if liquid manure can be shanked
directly into the soil. Spreading manure onto frozen soils isn't
recommended due to the possibility of runoff problems from
rapid snow melt which can carry dissolved and solid manure
particulate into surface waters.
"When solid or liquid manure is applied, it should be
incorporated into the soil the same day as it is applied." adds
McKenzie. "Incorporation is critical to prevent nitrogen losses
to the air and prevent air quality concerns. The longer manure
is left on the soil surface, the greater the nitrogen loss that
reduces the value of the manure as a nitrogen fertilizer.
Immediate incorporation of manure also prevents potential
runoff.'*
The booklet. The Code of Practice for Same and
Economic Handling of Animal Manures, can be
purchased for S 1 0. plus GST. from Alberta Agriculture district
offices and the Publications Office. 7000 - 1 13 Street,
Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6, or by calling toll free 1-800-292-5697
(please add $2, plus GST. for shipping and handling).
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie
(403)381-5126
Trucking - a critical step in
getting product to market
Trucking is identified as a concern facing rural food
processors. When it comes to trucking everything goes much
smoother when the responsibilities of the processor and those
of the company carrying your product are known.
"From the trucking company 's point of view, optimum use of
space is the key consideration." says Kerry Engel, rural
development specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. "It's important for processors to take full
advantage of space w hen packaging and palleting a product.
Packaging companies are an excellent source of information
on the best packing plan for different product tvpes."
Products must be secured on pallets before shipping When it
comes to palleting, there are several things to remember.
Stack as much as possible onto one pallet, space is of the
essence. Secure pallets with stretch wrap. Ask the trucking
company about free exchange of pallets. Processors must
request that pallets are not to be stacked on top of their pallets
if it would cause a problem with the product.
February 9. 1998 -page 5
"Another thing to consider is insuring the shipment. sa\s
Engel. "A good trucking company will earn a minimum
insurance of $200 pound packaged weight on all products it
transports However, if the value of a product is more than
that, processors can purcha.se additional insurance from the
trucking company Don t forget, trucking companies bxse
everything on packaged weight For example, if sending jam,
the packaged weight will include the product, the |ars and the
packaging."
Always check to see what the carrier s insurance covers and
ask for details in writing It should cover: temperature abuse
(but only if the carrier is informed in writing that the product
requires temperature control), trailer incidents, damaged
products, and missing products.
The Northuest Processor newsletter (available through
Alberta Agriculture offices) has put together a chart
highlighting transportation companies, their contacts, costs
availability of reefer trucks, delivery schedule, insurance costs
and packaging. The companies highlighted include: FedEx.
I PS, Versa Cold, Greyhound. Canada Post, Canadian
Freightways and CanPar (These companies were most
frequently identified as being used by small rural processors
and farm produce growers. )
The winter edition of the Sorthuest Processor newsletter
highlights how processors have overcome shipping obstacles
It also has shipping advice from retailers, trucking and
insurance basics and a shipping options chart to make
transportation concerns a little easier to deal with. Call
(403)349-4465 if you would like be put on the mailing list for
the Sorthu est Processor
Contact: Kerry Engel
(403)349-4-^65
February 9, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library ot Canada
Bibliotheque na ipnale du Canada
3 3286 51512 6429
Breaking the pea yield barrier
Alberta Pulse Growers Commission (Zone 3), Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Alberta Reduced
Tillage Initiative and participating industry are sponsoring a
leading edge pea seminar and trade show. Breaking the Pea
Yield Barrier is being held at the Westlock Community Hall,
Westlock, on February 26, 1998. Topics of discussion include:
new pea varieties, start-up for success, inoculants, ascochyta
control for standing pea crops, direct seeding, pea herbicides
and getting top dollar for pea crops. Pre-register by February
23 by calling the Barrhead Alberta Agriculture office at
(403)674-8213.
What weeds reveal about soil
deficiencies
Scouting weeds may help farmers with preliminary soil
checks. It may be that a soil problem is contributing to the
type and severity of the weed infestation. A Florida agri-
horticulture company has collected data on what some
common weeds may be saying about soil conditions:
Lamb's quarters - rich, fertile soil; decayed organic matter,
high humus;
Quackgrass - wet, anaerobic soil, high aluminum (toxic);
low calcium and high magnesium and sodium;
Russian thistle - salty soil, low calcium, low decomposition
of organic matter;
Smartweed - wet, poorly drained soil;
Foxtail barley - wet soil, possibly high salts and low calcium,
compaction, possible acid, unavailable potassium and trace
elements;
Chickweed - high organic matter at surface, low mineral
content;
Crabgrass - tight, crusted soil, low calcium, inadequate decay
of organic matter;
Dandelion - low calcium, organic matter not decomposing.
While weeds may give a general indication that there could be
a soil problem, soil testing is the only way to determine the
exact extent of nutrient deficiency or over-loading.
(Information taken from Circle-One International's discussion
on weeds.) Website: wwwcircle-one.com/weeds.html
1998 ACTS Soil Conservation Farm
Family
The Alberta Conservation Tillage Society (ACTS) has named
Cam Hancock and family of Marwayne, AB, as this year's
Provincial Soil Conservation Farm Family. The Hancock family
will be presented with the award at the society's annual
banquet on February 4, 1998 in Red Deer. The Hancock farm
switched over to zero-till in 1983- It was one of the first farms
in east-central Alberta to adopt this method. Hancock has also
shared his experience with other producers, speaking
throughout the province and spending many hours in unpaid
consultation with farmers considering adopting reduced tillage
or zero-till methods. "The Hancocks are definitely a highly
focused, conservation-minded family," says Russ Evans,
executive manager of ACTS. "It is an honor for the Alberta
Conservation Tillage Society to present to them the 1998
Provincial Soil Conservation Farm Family Award." For further
information, contact Cam and Maxine Hancock at
(403)847-2634.
Steak Out '98
The annual beef producers update for northeast Alberta is on
February 1 1 and 12, 1998. Each year, Steak Out is held in
three communities. This year the seminars are in:
Glendon - RCMP Hall
February 1 1 5:30 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.
In nisfree - Community Hall
February 12 10:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.
Hughenden - Community Hall
February 12 6:30 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.
Steak Out '98 features four industry speakers addressing
current production and marketing topics such as: grazing
systems and growing food grass; electron I.D. systems and
their use; cattle market outlook and update; and, marketing
strategies for cow/calf producers. The seminar is organized by
beef specialists and Ag fieldmen and sponsored by the local
Agricultural Services Board and United Farmers of Alberta
(UFA). For information and registration, contact the beef
specialists in St. Paul, Smoky Lake, Vermilion and Wainwright,
or the Ag fieldmen in Bonnyville, Two Hills, Vegreville and
Provost.
Alberta's first dairy research
facility
How do you turn an average cow into a highly productive dairy
cow? The research needed to answer that question, and main
others dealing with production and quality of milk, will now be
conducted right here in Alberta. On February 2, 1998, a new
addition to the Dairy Research and Technology Centre at the
University of Alberta was officially opened by Hon. Ed
Stelmach, Minister of .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Robert Krueger, chairman of Alberta Milk
Producers and Roger Smith, vice president of research at the
U of A.
"The newly expanded facility is the only dairy research facility
in Alberta," says Stelmach. "The research conducted here will
benefit producers, processors and all Albertans who use dairy
products. This unique facility is an example of industry,
academia and government working together with no
institutional barriers."
The Centre now has 90 new stalls that allows the U of A to
expand its herd size to 135 milking cows, improve feed mixing
and preparation facilities and adds office space for staff.
"A facility like this one is very important to the Alberta dairy
industry," says Krueger. "The opportunity to generate Alberta
based research is a real bonus. Research conducted in other
provinces and in other countries doesn't always take into
consideration the weather and other factors that play a part in
Alberta production."
"The strength of the U of A is research," adds Smith. "U of A is
one of the top five research universities in Canada. The Faculty
of Agriculture plays an important part in achieving and
maintaining that status. Agriculture has always been a big part
of the U of As history and is certainly part of its future."
The dairy research unit at the university employs 14 people
and provides research facilities for a team of 1 1 researchers. It
also features 180 acres of crop to maintain 1,700 tonnes of
feed for the university herd.
XAN4
Some of the research projects already identified by the Centre
include work with feed efficiency and milk conversion.
Fashionably referred to as designer milk', research will be
conducted to help producers understand how breeding,
nutrition and management factors influence production to
make milk that is lower in fat and higher in protein The end
benefit would be a higher quality milk tailor made to fit
changing consumer demands.
"The research planned at the Centre extends beyond the farm
gate and even beyond the conventional food groups." says Dale
Con d on fxtge 2
This Week
Alberta's first dairy research facility
1
Comparing precision agriculture software
2
Elements of an effective beef breeding program
2
Canaryseed in western Canada
3
January - cool and dry
3
Alberta company shows 4-H support
4
Briefs
4
*
Abetia
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
IVbklh.ng B'jnch
Agri-News'" is published weekly Reprinting ol articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
line spacmg is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Palutke
AGRI-I
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
February 16, 1998 - page 2
Engstrom, head of the beef and dairy group, Alberta
Agriculture. "For example, researching the feasibility of
increasing individual, high value components in milk is
already on the Centre's slate of projects. In the future,
components such as conjugated linolenic acid (CLA), a
product only produced by cows and other ruminants, may be
harvested from milk. U of A scientists are currently studying
the tumour preventative capabilities of this compound."
Dairy research conducted at the Dairy Research and
Technology Centre in Alberta will help the provincial dairy
industry maintain efficiency and market competitiveness and
assist in the development of new technological and
environmental practices.
Contact: Dale Engstrom (403)427-4516
Dr. John Kennelly - Chair, Dept. Of Agricultural,
Food and Nutritional Science, U of A
(403)492-2131
Comparing precision
agriculture software
A comparative study of some precision agriculture software
available in the marketplace is now complete. The study was
conducted by LandWise Inc. in association with the Canada-
Alberta Farm Business Management Program (FBMP).
The software was compared for efficiency in four basic areas:
• managing, accessing and analysing physical record keeping
and field-mapping data;
• factors such as map resolution, import-export capabilities,
cost-effectiveness and service and help information;
• improving the quality of information by providing
capabilities such as yield and economic analysis and
enhanced interpretation of spatial data; and,
• improving communication among farm managers and
among farmers and suppliers.
"The original study proposal was to examine only 10 software
packages assessing seven factors," says Craig Smith, FBMP
representative. "The project team, Ron McNeil, Brenda Sawyer
and Carolyn Bowen, went well beyond the original intent by
looking at 43 software packages assessing 55 factors in a
comparative matrix. The detail of the study is impressive."
The study makes useful recommendations for hardware and
software requirements. When choosing a software package,
being user-friendly and readily available technical support are
the two most important factors.
Producers should consider the following questions when
making software decisions:
• can a demo copy be used prior to purchase?
• will technical support be available in a timely fashion?
• is there a cost for the support?
• what is the learning curve for the software?
• will this software connect to accounting/business
management software?
• will the software read data from a yield monitor?
• what will the software be used for?
Detailed report information can be found on the Internet. The
study is posted on the FBMP web page at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/economic/mgmt/fbmp.html
and on the LandWise web page at:
http://www.telusplanet.net/public/landwise
For further information, contact Anita Lunden, Agriculture
business management branch, (403)556-4278 or Craig Smith,
FBMP representative, (403)626-3448.
Contact: Craig Smith
(403)626-3448
Elements of an effective beef
breeding program
The beef industry is a dynamic and exciting industry. The large
number of production factors that impact the business also
make it a challenging industry.
"One of the areas in beef production that producers have 100
per cent responsibility for is the genetic makeup of their
cattle," says Brian Koberstein, beef specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Bull selection and
the cows retained or purchased set the stage for the genetic
potential and suitability of a cow herd. Because producers
have complete control over this area of their operation, it's up
to them to capitalize on it."
It's critical to select cattle that are suited to the intended
market, personal management practices and the environment.
The best genetic addition to a herd should be based on
suitability.
"There are no 'wrong cows' in today's industry, but there
certainly are cases of the wrong cows in a given situation,"
adds Koberstein. "It's important to evaluate individual
breeding programs on an ongoing basis. As long as producers
have done their homework/ground work, they will know why
they have a certain type of cow or are using a certain type of
bull."
The optimum breeding program provides the type of cattle that
maximizes profitability. To maximize profitability the
management system specific to each operation, including
marketing and environment, must be taken into
consideration.
Contact: Brian Koberstein
(403)361-1240
Canaryseed in western Canada
Annual canary grass (phalaris canariensis L ) commonly
known as canaryseed, is a significant crop in western Canada
There are no established grades for canaryseed as the crop
doesn't fall under the authority of the Canadian Grain Act,
although the Canadian Grain Commission does perform
dockage analysis on submitted samples. Exporter
specifications are usually designated as having 99 per cent
minimum seed purity analysis with a maximum of four per
cent dehulled seed.
"Canada accounts for almost 75 per cent of the world
production of canaryseed," says Dr. Stan Blade, plant breeder '
agronomist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Edmonton. "At this point, the only market for
this crop is as a major component of seed mixtures for wild
and caged birds. The price volatility of canaryseed causes the
acreage seeded to canaryseed to fluctuate dramatically.
Canaryseed can be grown in most parts of .Alberta, except for
the drier regions of the brown soil zone. The crop can grow in
most areas where wheat production is successful."
For producers contemplating a canaryseed crop, seeding
should be done in May. Seeding rates range from 27 to 35
pounds per acre. Seedlings are poor competitors, making
chemical weed control almost a necessity. Several herbicides
are registered for use on canaryseed. As well, the crop may be
subject to insect attack, particularly from aphid species.
Septoria leaf mottle has also been a significant disease in some
regions in the past few years. Land selection is critical, since
the crop will tiller excessively in areas of high fertility and
moisture.
"Keet and Elias are currently the two canaryseed varieties
used in western Canada," adds Blade. "Of these varieties,
selected from the L'SDA collection originating from Iran, Keet
is earlier and has better lodging resistance. A hairless
canaryseed variety was registered in February 1997. This
variety, developed by Dr. Pierre Hucl at the University of
Saskatchewan, is being yield tested at the Crop Diversification
Centre North (CDCN), Alberta. Advantages of this glabrous
(hairless) cultivar include: reduction and or elimination of
itchiness during harvesting and processing, elimination of
traditional polishing required with other varieties and
reduction in shipping costs due to an eleven per cent increase
in seed packing. However, the hairless cultivar appears' to be
approximately 10 per cent lower in yield than Keet."
With improved handling characteristics of this hairless cultivar,
it is anticipated that the high protein and oil content of
canaryseed may expand its uses to other processing purposes.
On-going research projects include work on the development
of a canaryseed variety that could be used as a sesame seed
replacement and investigation into resistance of leaf mottle
disease.
February 16, 1998 - page 3
It is anticipated that seed lor hairless canaryseed will be
available for sale in 1W8 through the Canadian Special Crops
Association.
Contact: l)r Stun Blade
(403)422-1789
January - cool and dry
January is usually the coldest month of the year The overall
1998 provincial average temperature was 3 4 degrees below
normal and the 16 8 mm provincial average precipitation was
7.5 mm below normal (based on the 1961 to 1990 average of
23 3 mm) for January.
'Alberta's weather during January was much colder after two
months of above normal temperatures." says Peter D/ikowski.
agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Kural
Development. "Cold arctic air dominated the weather the first
half of the month with daily minimum temperatures reaching
-25 to -40 C most nights. Temperatures returned to near
normal values the third week of January and the month ended
with above normal temperatures similar to Alberta's
December, 1997 weather."
The provincial average temperature was 3 4 degrees below the
1961 to 1990 average of -13 0 degrees C. Alberta locations
reported monthly average temperatures ranging from near
normal to seven degrees below normal.
All regions reported cooler than normal temperatures.
Southern region reported a departure of 1.8 degrees, central
region departure was 4.2 degrees below normal and the
northeast and northwest regions departures were both
3 6 degrees below normal. The Peace region departure was
3 8 degrees colder than normal.
"The Peace region had the most precipitation in the province,
reporting 89 per cent of normal January precipitation," adds
Dzikowski. "All regions reported below normal precipitation in
January for the second month in a row These averages are
based on data recorded at 45 Environment Canada climate
stations across .Alberta."
Details on Alberta's weather and climate can be found on
Agriculture's Internet site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca climate
Contact: Peter Dzikouski
(403)427-3594
February 16, 1998 - page 4
Alberta company shows 4-H
support
Lammle's Western Wear recently donated some revenues from
the sale of their new Lammle's Lifestyle Card to the future
development of Alberta's 4-H program. Doug Lammle
presented the $ 16,359 00 cheque to Gordon Sherwood,
chairman of the 4-H Foundation of Alberta at the recent
provincial 4-H Leaders' Conference.
"4-H was a unanimous choice by staff and management at
Lammle's," comments Lammle. "The future of Alberta lies in
the hands of our youth. The province's quality 4-H program
with the contributions of its volunteer leaders, produces young
Albertans skilled to take on challenges in their communities
and in the agriculture and food industry. I've seen firsthand
the positive effects of 4-H on our youth."
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
hi mi in nun
3 3286 51512 6544
Annually, Lammle's contributes more than $40,000 to
Alberta's 4-H program. This sponsorship includes several
provincial 4-H programs: Leaders' Conference, Club Week,
Provincial Congress, Horse Classic, Selections and People
Developing People. As well, 4-H participants at all levels of
4-H programming receive Lammle's coupons ranging from a
15 per cent to 25 per cent discount.
Lammle's Western Wear is an Alberta owned and operated
company with locations throughout the province. "We are
proud of Alberta 4-H'ers and challenge other Alberta-based
companies to support our youth," adds Lammle.
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 427-4H4H
Agri-News Briefs
Dollars and Sense
This year's Western Canadian Dairy Seminar is being held on
March 10 to 13 at the Capri Centre, Red Deer. The seminar
speakers will present the latest information in dairy
production and technology for commercial dairy producers,
researchers, agri-businesses, service and supply
representatives, extension and education specialists. In
addition to the formal program, the seminar provides ample
opportunity for informal discussion with speakers and
resource people. During the three days, participants will hear
presentations on feeding and management strategies, risk
management, nutrition, health and production, and new
products. Registration fee is $180 (plus GST) per person.
One-day rates are available. For further information, contact
Aileen Reilly at (403)492-3236, fax: (403)492-9130 or e-mail:
areilly@afns.ualberta.ca
Designer marketing and new-age
agricultural
Designer agriculture, from creating new transgenic plants that
resist herbicides and insects to tailoring the fatty acid profiles
of specialty oils and products, is the new age of agriculture
according to the Canola Council of Canada. The Council's 1998
convention is targeting designer agriculture and will look at
industry transformation and future technologies, agronomic
tools and industry needs. The 31" annual convention of the
Canola Council of Canada is being held in Saskatoon, SK on
March 14 to 17, 1998. For more information, contact Dave
Wilkins (204)982-2108, Winnipeg, MB, or e-mail:
wilkinsd@canola-council.org
Alberta quality pork program
coordinator now on staff
L. Dawn LeBlanc began duties as Alberta Quality Pork Program
Coordinator on January 5, 1998. Born and raised in New
Brunswick, LeBlanc has a B.Sc.(Agr) major in animal science
from the Nova Scotia Agricultural College in Truro, Nova Scotia,
where her undergraduate research topic was the effect of
oxytocin on boar semen qualities. She is also currently
completing her M.Sc. in agriculture specializing in swine
management, working on a thesis project to investigate the
performance of Biotech and Cover-All shelters. "My job is to
work with producers, packers and swine veterinarians in
Alberta to coordinate efforts in the implementation of a
provincial quality assurance program," says LeBlanc. "I am
working with Dr. Julia Keenliside to make necessary changes
to the provincial program for the introduction of a national
quality assurance program in the spring of 1998." LeBlanc can
be reached at: (403)427-4538 or e-mail:
dawn.leblanc@agric.gov.ab.ca
CO GO CO CO CO CO cc
February 23, 1998
Alternative livestock market
study
The final report on the Market Study of Alternative
Livestock Meats and Other Value-Added Products in
Domestic and International Markets is now available.
"Prompted bv the potential of the alternative livestock
industry, an alternative livestock product team was established
in 1994 to assist Alberta producers venturing into these new-
niche markets," says Doug Bienert, market researcher with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. 'An
Alternative Livestock Steering Committee was formed, and this
committee pointed out the need for a report on the status of
the industry and its potential market. The study, completed in
November 1997, provides updated information on the
alternative livestock market as well as potential markets for
meat and value-added products."
The study, contracted to Brett Oliver-Lyons, looked at uses of
alternative livestock meats in the province. Most meat sales
were to white-table restaurants. Of the 44 white-table
restaurants surveyed, results were very positive. Chefs were
generally happy with the products and consumer acceptance
was high. Price of the product and consistency of the cut sizes
and quality were the main concerns.
"The largest problems producers face are high cost of
processing, limited access to federally approved processing
facilities and a very limited distribution system." says Oliver-
Lyons. "Limited access to federally approved processing
facilities is also limiting export market development. And the
lack of European Union (EL ) approved processing facilities is
the biggest problem in developing El' markets."
Processing costs in the few Federal facilities would decrease
with increased numbers of animals being processed.
Producers, however, cannot afford to produce larger numbers
of animals without markets readily available to them.
"Of the surveys returned by importers. Asian countries are the
most interested in importing Canadian product for their
markets, says Oliver-Lyons. 'Alberta producers, however.
would have difficulty in supplving the long-term demand of
five metric tonnes per month requested by just one of the
responding Asian importers under current market
conditions."
There is presently very little manufacturing of value-added
products from alternative livestock in Alberta There is almost
no manufacturing of finished leather, oil. hair or feather
products outside of the arts and crafts and small cottage
businesses.
Conl d on page .
This Week
Alternative livestock market study
1
Minister appoints new Farmers ' Advocate
2
Selecting an alfalfa variety
2
Special crops - call it diversification
3
White cockle control project
4
Dirt and soil are not the same
4
Alberta s agri-food export performance under
Free-Trade
4
Briefs
5
Liberia
AGBKrUL-uRI FOOO AND
RU«Al DEVELOPMENT
f\ibfcsh.ng Branch
Agri-News'" ia puOlisned weekly Reprinting of articles 'S encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition witn wider
line-spacing is avaiiapie to media editors upon request Ed'ior - Lee Anne Paiutke
AGRI-i
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
February 23, 1998 - page 2
"Value-added products will probably generate a significant
dollar return for most of the animals categorized as alternative
livestock," adds Oliver-Lyons. "Leather processing has a great
potential and there is already some interest from other
countries in purchasing green hides from Alberta producers or
processors but issues of numbers, hide grading transportation
and prices must first be resolved."
The study gives eight recommendations for industry growth
and development. They are:
• establishment of meat grading systems
• development of education and promotional material
• access to EL'/Federal processing facilities
• Alberta based leather tanning and manufacturing
• web site development
• cooperation between producers of different alternative
livestock species
• developing US markets
• research
"There is a need for more research in areas such as lowering
production costs and increasing the survival rates of
offspring," says Oliver-Lyons. "Of course, market research and
development must also keep pace to keep the alternative
livestock industry growing."
Copies of Market Study of Alternative Livestock Meats
and Other Value-Added Products in Domestic and
International Markets are available by contacting
Oliver-Lyons at (403)427-4535.
Contact: Doug Bienert (403)427-46/6
Minister appoints new Farmers'
Advocate
Dean Lien of Warner was appointed the new Farmer's
Advocate of Alberta by Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development.
"Mr. Lien has more than 27 years of farming experience as
well as previous business experience in agriculture and public
relations," says Stelmach. "His strong background in
mediation will also be a real asset to the Ministry."
Lien was recommended by a selection committee consisting of
farmers and officials with the Personnel Administration Office.
His related community experience includes being a member
of the Farm Debt Review Board, a Councillor and Reeve with
the County of Warner and a Senate Member of the University of
Lethbridge. He also has a strong working knowledge of the
farming community and owns and operates his own farm in
Warner.
Lien's mediation background includes organizing and
coordinating a Mediation Seminar in Northern Ireland and he
possesses certificates in mediation from the Interlex Group of
Canada and CDR Associates of Boulder, Colorado.
"Agriculture is changing and growing rapidly, especially in the
smaller communities in my area," says Lien. 'As a farmer, I
can relate to other farmers. I'm glad to have the opportunity to
serve in such a capacity."
The Farmers' Advocate office acts as an independent source of
information and mediation covering many of the agriculture-
related concerns raised by rural Albertans. Lien begins his new
duties immediately.
Contact: Ron Glen Bard Haddrell
(403) 427-2137 (403) 427-5312
Selecting an alfalfa variety
The number of varieties available in Alberta makes selecting
an alfalfa more difficult.
"In many cases, it's difficult to obtain comparative production
and longevity information particularly on some of the new
private varieties," says Harvey Yoder, crop specialist, forages
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Lac La
Biche. "Alberta Agriculture coordinates Regional Variety Trials
for many varieties. For varieties not included in these trials,
producers need to depend upon is data provided by the seed
dealer."
When selecting an alfalfa variety, consider the following:
• how long will alfalfa remain in the rotation;
• will the alfalfa be used mainly for pasture, hay, cash crop or
a combination of these;
• is it acceptable to sacrifice additional yield for longevity or
vice versa?
"Most alfalfa varieties fit into one of four major types:
Standard, Flemish, creeping rooted or Dryland and Siberian,"
says Yoder. "Standard types of alfalfa are most commonly
grown, have a tap root and are considered winter-hardy. They
are often used in rotations that will be in production for at
least four to five years, or more. Standard varieties include:
Algonquin, Beaver, Vernal, Local Grimm and Peace."
Flemish varieties are not as winter-hardy as Standard types but
do provide greater regrowth potential for second cuts. These
varieties have a very deep purple flower and are more
productive that Standard types particularly for the first two or
three years of stand. Flemish varieties are best adapted for
short rotations and are used for producing hay for the deny
industry or selling alfalfa as a cash crop. Flemish varieties
include: Alouette, Anchor, Angus, Surpass and MultiKing 1.
"The Dryland or creeping rooted varieties were developed for
drier areas of the province and in most cases are used for
pasture production," says Yoder. "The creeping rooted types of
alfalfa have a creeping root with the crown set deeper in the
Cont d on page J
soil. These varieties are very winter-hardy and can withstand
grazing pressure, although not as productive as the Standard
or Flemish types In many cases, creeping rooted types don't
produce a reasonable second cut. These varieties have
variegated and mixed color blossoms ranging from white to
light purple flowers and are crosses between Siberian types
and Standard or Flemish types. Creeping rooted types include
Spredor 2, Rambler. Rangelander and Heinrichs "
Siberian alfalfa types have yellow flowers and are extremely
winter hardy. They are not as productive, particularly in
southern Alberta. I'nder northern Alberta conditions, it may
produce a good first cut but no second cut. Anik is the only
Siberian type registered.
A few new varieties are sold as multifoliate. Traditional alfalfa
plants have three leaflets per leaf. Multifoliate varieties have
the genetic potential to produce four or more leaflets per leaf
resulting in a higher leaf to stem ratio. This trait is influenced
by environmental conditions with optimum growing conditions
giving the highest expression. Varieties such as Legend 2.
MultiKing 1 and Gala are multifoliate varieties
"Most of the new varieties have been selected for greater
disease and insect resistance and plant breeders have
attempted to increase the quality and production,'' adds Voder
"Areas north of Red Deer don't generally experience disease
and insect problems in alfalfa. However, in southern .Vlberta
and particularly in the irrigated areas, producers should
consider selecting alfalfa varieties resistant to disease or insect
pests for that specific area."
Alfalfa varieties that are more winter-hardy are generally not as
productive. Knowing the end use and the major category the
alfalfa variety fits in to, will help in the selection process
More information on varieties of alfalfa, establishment and
production is available in the factsheet Varieties of
Pereneial Hay and Pasture Crops for Alberta (Agdex
FS 120732). Information is also available on pages 23 to 25 in
the 1998 Alberta Seed Guide Producers can also contact
an .Vlberta Agriculture forage specialist or look up crops on
Agriculture's homepage at www.agric.gov.ab.ca
Contact: Harvey Yoder (403)623-5218
Special crops - call it
diversification
Special crops are providing a diversification opportunity for
many farm families. The problem is often which one to
choose. Peas, beans and lentils were once the special crops of
choice. Now in the pulse crops alone there are also fababeans.
chick peas, lathyrus and others.
"The pulses, plus mustard seed, canary seed and safflower, are
big acreage special crops." says Neil Miller, crop specialist,
pulse and special crops with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
February 23, 1998 - page 3
Rural Development, Lacombe "Also being grown
commercially on a fairh large scale are coriander, carawav and
mint On a smaller scale, there's ginseng, borage, quinoa, dill
basil and a number of other herbs, spices, pharmaceuticals
and nutraceuticals."
Alberta Agriculture, at the two Crop Diversification Centres in
Brooks and Edmonton, are testing echinacea, sage,
chamomile, low THC hemp, dill, carawav. coriander, cilantro.
hyssop, tarragon, stevia. savory, basil, parslev l<>\age a id
monarda. Screening these plants in different locations
throughout the province gives producers an indication of their
adaptability to Alberta conditions.
"The problem with many of these crops is not growing but
marketing them." says Miller. "Established markets don't exist
for many crops and buyers don't know the qualm Alberta
growers are able to produce. A small amount of product can
be sold through farmers' markets and other local markets but
when producers make the jump to large commercial scale
production they can have problems finding a market. This is
why developing a marketing plan is essential for producers
thinking of growing one of these special crop."
Some special crops are attracting a lot of attention, especiallv
hemp, ginseng and echinacea.
• Hemp can't be grown legally in Canada, although new
regulations are being drafted that could make growing
possible.
• Ginseng is being tried by a few small scale growers across
the province. It's a high investment crop, subject to winter
kill, disease and prices have also been declining It must be
grow n under shade cloth or in the shade of trees and takes
four to five years for the roots to reach marketable size
• Echinacea is harvested for its roots and leaves Lack of
organized markets has been a hindrance to the
development of this crop
Opportunities are developing for main herbs, spices,
pharmaceutical and nutraceutical crops and the industry will
continue to diversify, grow and prosper. New growers should be
sure to investigate before investing by first checking with a
special crop specialist to see if there are any demonstration
plots and information on the crop(s) being considered Then,
prepare a business plan Alberta Agriculture's rural business
development specialists can help in this area
Contact: Sell Miller (403)-82-33<)l
February 23, 1998 - page 4
White cockle control project
White cockle is a particularly troublesome weed for some
Alberta farmers. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, in conjunction with farmers, started researching
various chemical controls at Millet and Fort Kent.
"The project, started in 1997, tests several herbicides on
barley, herbicide resistant canola and as a dormant spray on
forage stands," says Ron Hockridge, crop specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Wetaskiwin.
"First year results have been compiled, but it is too early to
report any findings from the project. The project will be
carried through until 1999 after which a report will be made
available."
White cockle is a biennial or short-lived perennial that
reproduces by seed. It can be controlled by cultivation, but
must be tilled deeply enough to cut the roots off below the
crown. With the amount of seed that's in the soil, this method
usually doesn't give satisfactory results and new seedlings
emerge after the crop is up. The problem can also be
compounded when dealing with under-seeded forages because
the cockle plants overwinter and out-compete the forages
before they have a chance to establish.
"Cutting is not a good solution to white cockle," adds
Hockridge. "Though the plant doesn't spread vegetatively, it
puts up new leaves when cut. With an established root system
in place, a healthy plant forms very quickly and the only
feasible control appears to be herbicides."
There are currently no herbicides registered for the control of
white cockle and various chemical controls are being tested as
part of this study.
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403)361-1240
Dirt and soil are not the same
The word dirt, a rather dirty word in the first place, conjures
up images of vacuuming, dusting and washing up. Soil, on the
other hand, is something living and desirable. Soil supports
life and farmers do their best to build it up. Soil is not just
dirt'
"A healthy soil has a balance of minerals, organic matter, air
and water," says Gordon Frank, crop specialist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development, Brooks. "The soil is
partially filled with soil water and soil air. Soil air is rich in
carbon dioxide. It dissolves in the soil water forming carbonic
acid, which dissolves mineral compounds required by growing
plants. This happens the best when soil structure has large
granules and aggregates."
Healthy soils contain organic matter, the storehouse of
nitrogen. Organic matter also contains other minerals
required by plants. It is the energy and nutrient source for
living organisms and improves moisture storage, structure
and aeration.
"Prairie soils had five to eight per cent organic matter before
breaking," says Frank. "Now, most have only two to three per
cent. Also, the proportion of only slightly decomposed organic
matter or humus has declined. Humus is black and gives soil
its dark color."
A healthy soil contains a diverse group of living organisms.
These organisms decompose organic matter and release
nutrients. They release carbon dioxide which aids
decomposition and are able to destroy toxic compounds. Some
of these living organisms fix nitrogen, others carry nutrients
throughout the soil and create channels for air and water flow.
"In the past, producers relied on straw, green manure and
livestock manure to replace soil organic matter," adds Frank.
"Tillage, in general, destroys soil structure, soil organic matter
and soil organisms. Reduced or zero tillage, combined with
direct seeding has the potential to reverse this trend. All
producers should be aiming for healthier soil, anything less is
just dirt."
Contact: Gordon Frank
(403)362-1212
Alberta's agri-food export
performance under Free-Trade
Since the inception of the free trade agreement (FTA) between
Canada and the U.S. on January 1, 1989, Alberta has realized
benefits from the agreement. As tariffs have dwindled or been
eliminated, exporters have enjoyed substantial savings and bi-
lateral trade has increased.
"Due to the effective dispute settlement mechanism
introduced under FTA. and the overall positive trade
environment created by the agreement, Alberta's agri-food
exports to the U.S. have exhibited a significant and prolonged
growth," says Michael Adam, senior statistician, statistics and
production economics branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, Edmonton. "In total, Alberta's annual
agri-food exports to the U.S. have increased in value by 281
per cent since free trade, rising from $608.6 million in 1989 to
$2-32 billion in 1996."
The corresponding Canadian growth was 183 per cent,
increasing from $3.58 billion to $10.11 billion. Partial data
(January through September) show continued growth in 1997
for both Alberta and Canada. Complete data for the Alberta
statistics are available through the statistics and production
economics branch.
"Remarkably, exports of value-added products to the U.S.
jumped 342 per cent from a 1989 value of $229. 1 million to
$1.01 billion in 1996. These products include: fresh, frozen
Cont d on page 5
and processed meats; processed alfalfa, canola oil; wheat
flour; bakery products; other cereal preparations; fruit and
vegetable preparations; other manufactured foods and animal
feeds; and beverages." adds Barbara Pekalski. acting trade
statistician, statistics and production economics branch.
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "This
compares with a growth of 170 per cent ($433.3 million to
$1.17 billion) for primary (or bulk) commodities, including
live animals and crops."
The agri-food products exported from Alberta to the U.S. in
1996 consisted of 51 per cent primary commodities and s9
per cent value-added products and by-products B\
comparison, the split in 1989 was 61 per cent primary and V)
per cent value-added. On the other hand, the corresponding
composition at the Canada level has remained relatively stable
at roughly 34 per cent primary and 66 per cent value-added
February 23, 1998 - page 5
Owing to the phenomenal increase in exports under tree trade
the I S is a very important market for Vlberta s agri-food
products The proportion of total agri-food exports destined for
the I S. rose from a IMS') level of about 33 per cent to around
SO per cent in ll)% The corresponding ratios for Canada were
39 and 52 per cent, respectively.
"The increase in exports of agri-food products from Vlberta to
the U.S. has contributed immenseh to Canada 's overall
balance of agri-food trade with that country' sj\s Adam This
balance has improved significantly from a net import of
nearly $64 1 million in ll)8l) to a net export of almost $3
billion in 1996 "
Undoubtedly, Alberta's agricultural sector (and Canada's) has
benefited immensely from the FTA. Future benefits should be
even more substantial with the complete elimination of tariffs
scheduled for January 1. 1998 under the original FTA terms
Contact Michael Adam Barbara Pekalski
(403)422-2886 (403)427-5386
Agri-News Briefs
Ostrich - the smart choice
February is Heart Month. On average, it is estimated that
Canadians eat about 25 per cent more fat than is
recommended for daily dietary intake. Research his also
linked a high-fat diet to increased risk of heart disease.
Ostrich, a low fat, red meat, can be substituted for other red
meats in any conventional recipes, and taste isn't the only
benefit. Ostrich is:
• low in calories, less than beef or chicken
• a red meat, comparable to beef in iron and protein content
• tender, unique in taste but not unlike beef
• a healthy alternative to traditional meats
• low in fat (only 2 per cent fat content)
• the choice of health-conscious consumers who won't
sacrifice flavor.
For more information about Ostrich health benefits,
availability and handling and preparing tips, contact Jay
Champion, president of the Canadian Ostrich Association at
(403)638-2575.
1998 varieties of cereal and oilseed
crops
The Varieties of Cereals and Oilseed Crops for
Alberta - 1998 factsheet (Audex 100/32) is now available It
provides information on individual varieties and indicates
cereal and oilseed production areas within the province.
Important agronomic characteristics are included for varieties
of wheat, oats, barley flax, canola, triticale and rye. The
information will help farmers choose varieties that may be
best suited to their particular farming programs Relative
yields for six production areas are included along with
information on comparative maturity rates, disease and seed
treatment information for the varieties. This information was
sent to all Alberta farmers in the Farm, l ight and Pott er
1998 Seed Guide If you missed it. copies are available at the
Publishing Branch. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB Toll 5T6 or at
all .Vlberta Agriculture district offices.
February 23, 1998 - page 6
Survival of the meat industry
A series of six meetings called Business Survival in the
Changing Meal Industry is being held across the province.
The meetings are a chance for meat processors to come
together for an informative afternoon and gain some insight
on planning strategy for the future. Sessions topics include:
where the industry is today; are you ahead or behind; and,
how can you keep up. The half-day sessions, running from
1:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m., are coordinated by the Meat
Processing Industry, a project with marketing services, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development; Industry
Development; the Alberta Meat Processors Association
(AMPA); Processing Industries; and Alberta Health and Rural
Development Services. Session dates are:
February 24 Grande Prairie February 26 Morinville
March 4 Airdrie March 5 Lethbridge
March 9 Red Deer March 12 Vegreville
Sessions are free to anyone in the industry, such as abattoir
operators, mobilers, poultry and secondary meat processors.
For more information, contact Susan Kastelen, president
AMPA, (403)467-8933 or Jackie Anderson, rural development
specialist - business, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Rimbey, (403)843-2201 (government numbers
are toll free by first dialling 310-0000).
Alberta hemp symposium
There are many changes taking place with hemp regulations
and in considering hemp as an alternative crop for Alberta
producers. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development
has been conducting hemp field trials to determine where and
how this crop grows in Alberta. Information on these field
trials will be shared at the Alberta Hemp Symposium at the
Black Knight Inn, Red Deer on March 10, 1998. The
symposium, co-sponsored by Alberta Agriculture and Alberta
Agriculture Research Institute, features presentations on: the
hemp growing trials conducted by the Crop Diversification
Centre - North (CDCN), producer experiences in both the
black and dark brown soil zones, building products and
processing, textile properties of Alberta grown hemp, paper
production and the marketing possibilities and Alberta agri-
fibre initiatives. There will also be a panel discussion on the
subject Does Hemp have a Future.1' Symposium attendees will
also have the chance to speak with hemp product retailers and
private breeders. Registration is requested before March 5.
1998. Registration fee is $35 and includes lunch, coffee and
GST. For more information, contact Wayne Goruk at
(403)427-3122 or the CDCN at 422-1789.
National Library of Canada
^ Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51512 6668
MAR s i93fl
00 00 00 GO 00 00 c
March 2,1998
Peas, p/fifs and protein
To produce today's high indexing, fast growing pigs, producers
must pay close attention to animal feed requirements. Adding
a protein source to grain is essential to meet pigs' potential for
optimum growth. Canadian experience shows that peas, a high
quality protein and energy source, can be a cost effective feed
ingredient in swine diets.
".As a protein ingredient, peas are high in lysine, the most
limiting amino acid necessary for pig growth," says Neil Miller,
crop specialist, pulse and special crops with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. Lacombe. "Peas are
also an effective energy source and a source of highly
digestible phosphorus. This combination of protein, lysine,
energy and phosphorus makes peas a very desirable feed
ingredient for use in swine diets."
Weanling pigs are capable of growing rapidly and using feed
efficiently. They require a highly digestible, nutritionally
balanced diet to perform well. Pigs weaned at four weeks of
age can use up to 30 per cent peas in the diet. Earlier weaned
pigs should have a lower amount.
"During the growing and finishing stages, peas can be fed as
the only supplemental source of protein." says Miller "When
peas are used as the only supplemental protein, care should
be taken to ensure adequacy of other essential amino acids
the same as when using any one source of protein. The higher
lysine content of pea protein and digestible energy of peas,
allows peas to be used in combination with other protein
sources to achieve superior overall nutrient contents and
potential feed savings in diets."
In Alberta, many hog feeders are combining peas and canola
meal to provide an alternative to soy meal. In tests, the pea -
canola meal blends resulted in superior growth rates
compared to the soy meal control diet.
The characteristics that place peas in demand in grower-
finisher diets can be used to good advantage in drv and
lactating sow diets, too. High protein quality and digestible
energy make peas particularly useful in lactating sow diets.
The use of peas in sow diets should only be limited by cost.
availability and quality They are also useful in boar diets
"When using peas, as with any feed ingredient, it is
recommended that all ingredients be cleaned to remove
dockage." adds Miller. "All feed ingredients including water
should be analyzed Separate rations should be formulated for
the various stages of growth. This is best done by a qualified
nutritionist. To test the efficiency of specific feed rations and
formulations, the producer should grind the ration to meet the
nutritional needs of the pig. measure the feed ration and
analyze performance."
Contact: Neil Miller (403)782-3301
This Week
Peas, pigs and protein
1
Two new AgVenture business profiles
2
Heaves in horses
2
Provincial weed survey
3
Cows have agri-tourism potential
3
Alberta loves the Taste of Success
4
Sheep production course, a big hit
4
Time to plan for ground squirrel control
5
Briefs
6
Coming Agricultural Events
7
A\\xx\a
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Agri-News'" is published weekly Reciting ol articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
ime-spacmg is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Paiutkc
AGRI-I
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
February 2, 1998 - page 2
Two new AgVenture business
profiles
Two new AgVenture Profiles have just been added to the series
of factsheets that address issues and risks in emerging agri-
businesses and industries. This year, AgVenture profiles were
produced for the commercial Rhea industry and the
commercial Alpaca industry.
"The profiles address key is^es of importance to Albertans
considering venturing into new agriculture industries or niche
markets," says Lynn Stegman, rural development specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Lacombe. "Each AgVenture gives an overall perspective of the
industry and its status in western Canada."
The factsheets provide information on regulatory aspects of
the industry, marketing opportunities and production
requirements in the industry. Economic, finance and key
management issues relevant to each industry are also
highlighted.
"AgVentures also include a section listing key information
resources for further research." adds Stegman.
The Commercial Rhea Industry AgVenture,
Agdex 484/830-3, along with industry and marketing
information, includes valuable information on breeding,
managing eggs, incubation, hatching and rearing chicks.
The Commercial Alpaca Industry AgVenture,
Agdex 491/830-1, includes information on care and
management of fibre and fleece as well as primary markets for
this product. The factsheet goes into some detail on the land,
facilities and fencing requirements in an alpaca operation.
"Experiencing success in these new, diversified industries is
very important," says Stegman.
"Producers are encouraged to pick up copies of AgVenture
profiles to help them review and research potential markets,
industry requirements and economic considerations of these
new agri-businesses and alternative livestock opportunities."
AgVenture profiles have been developed for the following
industries:
• Alternative Straw Use Industry
• Essential Oils Industry
• Ginseng Industry
• Commercial Saskatoon Berry Industry
• Fresh Vegetable Market Gardening Industry
• Herb/Spice Industry
• Commercial Dried Flower Industry
• Greenhouse Bedding Plant Production and Marketing
• Private Woodlot Enterprises
• Meat Goat Industry
• Commercial Elk Industry
• Commercial Ostrich Industry
• Commercial Rhea Industry
• Commercial Emu Industry
• Fresh Water Aquaculture Industry
• Commercial Alpaca Industry
• Commercial Bison Industry
• Commercial Wild Boar Industry
AgVenture profiles are available through local Agriculture
district offices or Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's publications office, 7000 - 1 13 Street,
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Contact: Lynn Stegman
(403)782-3301
Heaves in horses
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or heaves is
not a new problem in horses. COPD, usually a lung disease of
older horses, results in chronic coughing, difficulty breathing,
exercise intolerance and abnormal lung sounds. These
symptoms are the result of the narrowing of small airways of
the lungs caused by the inflamation and thickening of tissues,
constriction of smooth muscles that surround the airways, an
accumulation of mucous and exudates with lumens.
"Stables where dusts and molds are common, are usually
were signs of COPD will show up," says Dr. Hugh Townsend,
veterinarian of internal medicine at the Western College of
Veterinarian Medicine, University of Saskatchewan. "Prepared
roughage, such as hay and dry feed contribute to the disease.
COPD is rarely seen in horses kept out of doors. This only
emphasizes the importance of good ventilation."
At the 1998 Horse Owners and Breeders Conference,
Dr. Towruier.d spoke on the subject of COPD, its management,
prevention and treatment. He says, "Technically heaves is
called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However,
recurrent airway obstruction may be a better name because
most cases go into remission when the environment is
changed. Difficulty in breathing occurs when susceptible
horses are exposed to moldy feeds or dusty conditions."
When a horse shows signs of heaves, the most important thing
owners can do is manage the situation and the environment.
This means removing the animal from the cause, usually
barns with straw bedding and inadequate ventilation.
On-going management includes:
• don't bed with straw, use high quality wood shavings or
shredded paper;
• use high quality hay that had low moisture content when
baled;
Conl d on page j
February 2, 1998 -page 3
• cubed or pelleted rations are a better feed for these horses.
• improve ventilation and dust control; and.
• avoid stabling.
"Prevention is the key to controlling this disease." adds
Townsend. "Keeping horses outside with access to a wind-
break with overhead shelter is probably one of the most
important preventative steps that can be taken. If the horse
must be stabled inside, be sure to use low dust bedding and
keep it clean. Avoid placing the horse in dusty environments
for any length of time as this will irritate the lungs and airways
bringing on a COPI) attack
"Researchers are trying to find answers to questions of
susceptibility and determine if there are any factors that
indicate a predisposition to COPI). It's important to ascertain
what causes the reaction - whether it is linked to
hypersensitivity or tnper-responsiveness and whether or not
there could is genetic predisposition and this research
continues."
When it comes to treating COPI). there are bronchiodilator
drugs that can be used to ease the symptoms, however,
management and prevention are the preferred methods of
treatment.
Contact: Bob Coleman Dr. Hugh Townsend
(403)427-5096 (306)966-7097
Provincial weed survey
In a 1997 provincial weed survey, chickweed, stinkweed and
wild buckwheat were dominant annual broad-leaved weeds.
The survey was coordinated by Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development cereal and oilseed specialists in
cooperation with Agriculture and Agri-Canada.
"About 685 fields of spring wheat, barley, oats and canola were
surveyed in 20 locations throughout each field." says Ty
Faechner. cereal and oilseed specialist with Alberta Agriculture.
Stony Plain. "Fields were randomly picked to represent agro-
ecological regions of the province."
Green foxtail and wild oats were the dominant grass weeds in
the early 1970 s. Wild oats has increased in abundance slighth
since that time. Green foxtail decreased from the second most
abundant weed species in the 1970 s to 17th in 1997.
"The survey shows that perennial weeds all increased in
abundance," says Faechner. "Quackgrass occurred in three
times as many fields in 1997 as in the 1970 s. Dandelion and
perennial sow-thistle occurred in twice as many fields in 1997
compared to the 1970 s. This may be a reflection of the trend
to less tillage.
Wild mustard, tartary buckwheat and Russian thistle each had
large decreases in their abundance. Weeds to watch include
cleavers, common groundsel and pineapple weed which each
had large increases in their abundance.
The influence of management practices on weed population
shifts will be investigated using data from a four-pjiy
questionnaire sent to farmers last fall." adds Faechner
Results of this questionnaire are not expected before the fall
of 1998."
For more detailed information on a regional bxsis contact one
of the cereal and oilseed specialists who coordinated the weed
survey includingjohn Huffman at Grande Prairie (5W-52N5)
Trevor Schoff at Camrose (679-1210), Greg I'richuk at
Drumheller (823-1675). Gordon Parker at Vulcan (485-2256),
or Ty Faechner at Stony Plain (963-6101) Linda Hall with the
Agronomy Unit of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development in Edmonton acted as provincial coordinator.
Contact Ty Faechner
(403)963-6101
Cows have agri-tourism
potential
As the I'rban Sprawl continues, quiet countrv vacation spots
will continue to grow in popularity Already, campsites are filled
to overflowing at peak times during the year and the
opportunity to offer a comfortable alternative is verv real
"There is a niche that farms could fill in providing an
affordable cost alternative for vacationers." savs Janice
McGregor, rural development specialists - business with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development "From a
quiet farm cabin in the woods to the adsenture of doing some
of the farm chores such as egg-gathering, fixing fence or
counting cattle, a farm vacation spot can offer much to the
vacationer looking for an agricultural experience."
To take advantage to the opportunity of establishing a vacation
farm, the farm needs to be vacationer-fnendK That means the
house, yard, cabin and the landscape Consider the long-term
direction of the landscape of the farm. Plan strategically to
preserve the natural aesthetics, natural shelterbelts and
protected watercourses that add to the attractiveness of the
farm. Where appropriate, carefully develop walking trails and
use user-friendly fences.
"The future of the west countrv with its natural aesthetics will
be a growing attraction to the tourism industry in the next 10
years," says McGregor "In the future, land and farms ma\ be
valued for their agri-tourism potential as much as for their
agricultural potential '
Rural development specialists with Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development ha\e extra information that ma\ be of
interest on this subject For more information, contact Sharon
Homeniuk in Wesllock (403)963-6101; Morlev K|argaard.
St Paul (403)645-6301; Katln Lowther. Olds (403)550h22(>.
Brenda Lea MacPhail in Medicine Hat (403)529-3616;
Conl d on page ■)
February 2, 1998 - page 4
Janice McGregor, Morinville (403)939-4351; Mary Ellen
Norgard. Vulcan (403)485-2236; Leona Reynolds-Zayak,
Vermilion (403)853-8101; Lynn Stegman, Lacombe
(403)782-3301; Marian Williams, Camrose (403) 679-1210;
and, Jackie Anderson in Rimbey (403)843-2201.
Contact: Janice McGregor
(403)939-4351
• Down to Earth Greenhouses (ruby garden herbal vinegar),
Sexsmith
• River Valley Syrup (birch syrup), Edmonton
• Red Hot Mama's Salsa Ltd, (salsa), Banff
The consumer taste panels where these products will be
sampled will be held in Sherwood Park - March 9;
Camrose - March 10; Drayton Valley - March 11;
Lethbridge - March 11; Lacombe - March 12; and,
Grande Prairie - March 13, 1998.
"Through their participation in Taste of Success, processors
receive 50 consumer evaluations of their product, assessment
of packaging and labelling content and design, as well as
feedback on their business and marketing plan. They can also
attend a Promotion and Market Development workshop where
they receive assistance on developing a promotional package
for their business, learn how to make a product presentation
to a food broker and be interviewed by local media," says
Goad.
Alberta's processing industry is growing rapidly and the Taste
of Success is one of the programs specifically designed to
assist Alberta processors develop products to a market ready
stage. The processors in Taste of Success primarily market
through farmers' markets, local restaurants, gift stores, gift
basket companies or abattoirs. Many are now ready to take the
next step and scale-up their production to meet increasing
market demand for their product.
Alberta processors interested in expanding their food business
or learning more about the Taste of Success can call the local
rural development specialist - business or agri-food
development consultant.
Contact: Karen Goad Janice McGregor
(403)538-5629 (403)939-4351
Alberta loves the Taste of
Success
The Taste of Success, the only program of its kind in Alberta,
provides a unique opportunity for Alberta food processors to
have their products tasted and evaluated. This year, 27
products were submitted for the first round of evaluations. Of
these, 18 products will continue on in the program and be
evaluated at six consumer panels throughout the province.
"The products were chosen based on strict criteria of
acceptability, saleability and business planning," says Karen
Goad, agri-food development consultant with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Grande Prairie.
"Taste of Success is a major commitment for the department
specialists involved, but the service it provides is invaluable for
the processors who make it through the whole process. The
efforts of the processors who get their business plan together,
their packaging and label design in place and their products in
to the specialists for evaluation are also very much
appreciated."
The 18 food processors who's products will continue on to
consumer taste panels are:
• In A Pinch (spice blends), Edmonton
• Creative Cakes (creamy carrot pecan cake), Red Deer
• Alberta Ostrich Products (ostrich medallions), Lacombe
• Tasty Sensations (Butter Nut Crunch), Okotoks
• Provost Meat Packers (honey pepperoni sticks), Provost
• The Boccaline Grotto Italian Swiss Restaurant (Swiss salad
dressing), Canmore
• Prairie Wide Ostrich Product Ltd (smoked ostrich meat),
Sherwood Park
• Marion's Yummy Meat Filled Buns (meat filled buns),
Rocky
• Country Garden Herbs (herbal butter mix), Lethbridge
• Prairie Hot Mustard (hot mustard), Bow Island
• Aussie Goodies (low fat fruit cake), St Albert
• Overwater Farm (gourmet potato), Olds
• Sylvia's Kitchen Service (Alberta prime gravy mix), Millet
• Sport Dog Ltd (pork sausage), Rocky
• Humble Pies (ground beef and pork pies), Turner Valley
Sheep production course, a big
hit
A course held at the Olds College on February 7 and 8, 1998,
attracted 24 new and prospective sheep producers. The
Beginner Sheep Production course featured an introduction to
the industry, instruction in sheep breeds, basic economics,
basic sheep nutrition, common diseases and lambing
practices.
"The course instructors were Susan Hosford,, and myself,"
says Dr. Cathy Gallivan, sheep development advisor w ith
Alberta Agriculture. "Participants were kept busy in the
classroom for the first day and a half and on the second day,
the course moved to the Olds College sheep barn where Olds
College employees Kim Woolfitt, sheep technician, and Grace
Cont d on page 5
February 2, 1998 -page 5
Frost. International Projects and former instructor in the
Animal Health Technology program, joined us in the hands-on
instruction."
Techniques such as catching and tipping, foot trimming,
condition scoring, vaccinating and drenching of adult sheep
were practised. Students were also shown how to lamh ewes
and care for newborn lamhs. including eartagging. docking,
castration, tattooing and stomach tubing.
"The exceptional level of participation in the sheep production
course, combined with other recent events, indicates a
renewed interest in the sheep industry hy new producers,"
adds Gallivan.
Olds College is offering additional courses in sheep production
during the remainder of 1998. As a result of the interest in the
last course, the Beginner Sheep Production course will he
offered again on the weekend of March 21 and 22. 1998.
Sheep Shearing and Wool Handling is scheduled for April 4
and 5. Intermediate Sheep Production is planned for the
weekend of November 7 and 8. w ith speakers on grazing,
predator control, lamh carcass improvement, computerized
record-keeping, nutrition, crossbreeding, flock health and
more.
For more information on any of these courses or to register,
contact Joanne Letourneau at Olds College, (403)556-8377.
Contact: Dr. Cathy Gallivan
(403)224-3962
Others put forth the argument that ground squirrels (un-
exhausted their tat supph and will turn to cannibalism eating
road killed squirrels, prior to green-up
Food baits treated with Strychnine or anticoagulants arc
registered for ground squirrel control. sa\s Bourne Some
are whole grain mix or extruded pellets, while others, such as
Rozol, are a concentrate to be mixed on gram All baits seem
to give varying results However, the best results occur when
placed out in accordance with baiting instructions on the
label."
Over the past year, the manufacturers of strychnine mixed
grain baits. Ready-To-l'se (RTU) baits, have improsed the
quality of bait by, among other things, using fresh, clean gram
and maintaining qualitv control testing of finished products
Purchasers of RTU strychnine baits will receive a
questionnaire with their purchase." adds Bourne Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development strongly encourages
end-users to complete and send in the questionnaire to the
address indicated. Responses from end-users will help
document use patterns and results of RTU bait. The
Department, with federal authorities, will work to improve
baits in accordance with responses.
If producers have questions about ground squirrel control,
please contact John Bourne. Box 24. 4701 - 52 Street,
Vermilion, AB T9X 1J9 or by calling (403)853-8225
Contact: John Bourne
(403)853-8225
Time to plan for ground squirrel
control
w ithin the next few weeks, ground squirrels will emerge from
their winter hibernation. Now is the time to plan and organize
your control effort for these field nuisances.
"The first ground squirrels to appear are adult males, followed
in a few weeks by females," says John Bourne, vertebrate pest
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Juvenile ground squirrels from last year are
the last to emerge and follow soon after the emergence of the
females.
The only effective way to remove ground squirrels is with
poison-treated bait. The best time to offer it appears to be early
spring before green-up when other food sources such as
grasses and forbs are scarce.
There has been much speculation about the best time to bait
ground squirrels. Some experts claim newly emerged adults
are more interested in staking out territory and usually have
lots of body fat to keep them going until green-up. If this is the
case, ground squirrels are not any hungrier in spring than at
other times of the year.
February 2, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
Worm watch
A new program to collect data on the biodiversity of
earthworms at the Lethbridge Research Centre (LRC), has
sparked national attention. The program shows dramatic
potential as a tool for science education and for the
development of indicators for soil health and quality. The
potential of the study stems from earthworms' unique role as
indicators of soil health and productivity. Using information on
the species diversity and habitat distribution of earthworms,
scientists can develop a database for assessing the
sustainability of various land and environmental practices. The
project's first phase, aimed at school students, blends science
and education offering a way to both sample earthworm
populations nationwide and teach children about soil ecology.
Students from kindergarten to high school will act as 'census
takers' for the earthworms in their area. Any class in rural or
urban communities can participate. The Worm Watch program
offers students an easy introduction to experimental design
and further studies on the soil ecosystem. The program will
also help fill a major knowledge gap in the scientific
community as currently less than 10 per cent of Canada's land
mass has been surveyed for earthworms. Data collected will
assist in promoting better soil management across Canada.
The LRC is Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada's western
regional headquarters for soil sustainability research. Schools
and teachers interested in participating will receive Worm
Watch kits and a list of support available in the province. For
further information, contact Dr. Jill Clapperton, soil ecologist
at LRC, (403)317-2294 or Ron McMullin, technology transfer
officer with LRC, (403)327-4561.
Agricultural processing industry
employment program
Guidelines for the 1998 Agricultural Processing Industry
Employment Program are now available at Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development offices throughout the province.
The object of the program is to provide career-related
experience and skill training opportunities in Alberta's
processing industry for students enrolled in a post-secondary
institution. This program will reimburse the employer for one-
third of the employee's monthly wage to a maximum of $500
per month and provide workers compensation coverage for
program employees. Students must be enrolled in a degree,
diploma or certificate program and must be returning to
school in the fall or winter. For more information, contact the
local Alberta Agriculture office.
Funding for Alberta farm women
The Alberta Farm Women's Network (AFWN) is offering
funding support to farm women wanting to gain knowledge
about diversifying or starting a farm business venture. This
can be training or courses in how to move toward value-added
products, production, processing, marketing and financing.
Support of $ 100 per day to a maximum of three days is
available for conferences, short courses or seminars. For
further information or applications, contact AFWN at
(403)627-3007 or fax (403)627-4157.
New WAA executive director
The Board of Directors for the Woodlot Association of Alberta
have named Rod Scarlett as the association's new executive
director. Scarlett will play a significant role in fulfilling and
delivering the association's recently approved strategic plan,
the Green Paper. The .Association's latest initiative is a Non-
timber Forest Products workshop slated for March 26, 1998 at
Olds College. For more information on Scarlett's appointment,
the WAA and its initiatives, contact the WAA at (403)453-1754,
e-mail: woodlot(« telusplanet.net or visit their website at
http://www.telusplanet.net/publicAvoodlot
Workshop targets competitive
intelligence
First there was market intelligence, and now businesses are
looking to competitive intelligence as a business tool.
Competitive intelligence is the subject of a one-day workshop
March 18, 1998 in Westlock for businesses looking to enter the
export market or to improve their position in the market
place. Facilitator Jonathan Calof has an international
reputation in competitive intelligence and presented a series of
workshops on this topic in southern Alberta last fall. The
workshop will introduce participants to the information they
need to be competitive, where to find competitive intelligence,
how to create and build a competitive intelligence capability in
your company and an Internet demonstration of how to gather
"smart" intelligence. Workshop enrollment is limited to 30
people. The $150 registration fee includes resource materials
and lunch. .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development is
a co-sponsor of the event. For more information, or to register,
contact David Pattison with .Alberta Economic Development in
Edmonton at (403)422-6648.
February 2, 1998 - page 7
Coming Agricultural Events
March, 1998
Calgary Seed Fair and Hay Show
March l - i
Stampede Park
Calgary, Alberta
Alberta Poultry Industry Council Annual Meeting
March 2 - 4
Capri Hotel
Red Deer. Alberta
Contact: Roger King (403)488-2125
Holistic Management Two-day Workshop - Making Decisions
March 2 - 3
Capri Hotel
Red Deer, Alberta
Contact: Randee Halladay (403)729-2472
Farm Salinity & Alkali
March 2
1:30 pm- 3:30 pm
M.D. of Cypress #1 Office
Dunmore. Alberta
Contact: Dave Spencer, Medicine Hat
Phone: (403)29-3616 Fax: (403)528-5213
Cattlesimm
March 3 -9:30 am -3:30 pm
High River Prov Bldg
High River, Alberta
Fee: $20.00 plus GST
Contact: AAFRD High River District Office (403)652-8300
Fax: (403)652-8306
1998 Saskatchewan Pork Expo
March 3 - 4
10:00 am - 5:00 pm
Trade Centre, Saskatoon Prairieland Exhibition
Saskatoon. Saskatchewan
Contact: Wendy Hayes (306)933-5078
Fix: (306)933-7352
AgExpo
March 4 - 7
Lethbridge and District Exhibition Pavilion
Lethbridge, Alberta
Peace County Classic Agri Show
March 5 - 7
Evergreen Park
Grande Prairie, Alberta
Prairie Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Conference 98
March 5 - 7
Saskatoon Inn
Saskatoon. Saskatchewan
Contact: Al Slinkard (306) 966-4978
Fax: (306) 966-5015
Cattlesimm
March 5 -9 30 am - 3 30 pm
High River Provincial Building
High Riser. Alberta
Fee: $20.00 plus GST. lunch on \our own
Contact: AAFRD High River District Office (403)652 X300
Fix: (403)652-8306
1998 Western Canadian Dairy Seminar, 16th Annual
March 10-13
Capri Centre
Red Deer. Alberta
Phone: (403)492-3236 Fax: (403)492-9130
E-mail: areillyC" afns ualberta.ca
Cattlesimm
March 10-9 30 am - 3:30 pm
High River Provincial Building
High River. Alberta
Fee: $20.00 plus GST. lunch on your own
Contact: AAFRD High River District Office (403)652-8300
Fax: (403)652-8306
Free and Easy - Three part Professional Development for
Educators
March 1 1
8:00 am - 6:30 pin
V of A Campus
Edmonton. Alberta
Fee: Free
Contact: Betty Gabert -Ag in the Classroom (403)427-2171
Fax: (403)422-7755
Cattlesimm
March 12
9:30 am - 3:30 pm
High River Provincial Building
High River. Albtrta
Fee: $20.00 plus GST. lunch on vour own
Contact: AAFRD High River District Office (403)652-8300
Fix: (403)652-8306
February 2, 1998 - page 8
Pasture Weed Identification and Control Course
March 13
1:30 pm-4:30 pm
Rimbey prov bldg, conference room
Rimbey, Alberta
Contact: Alberta Agriculture, Client Service Representative
Phone: (403)843-2201 or (403)783-3333
Fax: (403)843-4150
Land Resource Management Workshop
March 13
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Youth Centre (5007 - 50 Ave)
Forestburg, Alberta
Fee: $35 (incl. 50cmX50cm aerial photo, resource binder &
roast beef dinner)
Contact: Battle River Research Group
Phone: (403)679-1212 Fax: (403)679-1219
Alberta Pork Congress - PORK '98
March 18 - 19
Westerner Park
Red Deer, Alberta
Contact: Margorie Zingle
Phone: (403)244-4487 Fax: (403)244-2340
Northlands Farm & Ranch Show includes Pedigreed Seed
Show
March 25 - 28
Northands Agricom
Edmonton, Alberta
North American Conference on Pesticide Spray Drift
Management
March 29 - April 1
Holiday Inn by the Bay
Portland, Maine
Contact: Tammy Gould (207)287-7593
Fax: (207)287-6558
April, 1998
The Second International Symposium on Egg Nutrition and
Newly
Emerging Ovo-Bio Technologies
April 5 - 8
Banff Centre
Banff, Alberta
Contact: Linda Callan (403)492-0169
Satellite Conference for the 1998 Nutrient Requirements of
Swine
April 14-15
U of A
Edmonton, Alberta
Fee: To be announced
Contact: Michelle Follensbee and Ron Ball
Phone: (403)415-0828 and (403)492-7151
Fax: (403)427-1057
Integrated Waste Management Composting Conference '98
April 16-17
Olds College
Olds, .Alberta
Contact: Kelly MacKinnon (403)556-4683
Alberta Beef Congress
April 23 - 24
Westerner Park
Red Deer, Alberta
Contact: Ken Ziegler (403)845-8200
May, 1998
Visions 98: "Agriculture, Food and the Enviornment for the
21" Century"
May 7 - 8
Black Knight Inn
Red Deer, Alberta
Fee: $125.00, Reg before April 17 -$110, Member $1 15/$90
Contact: Glenn Hurst (403)291-2430
Fax: (403)291-2641
June, 1998
Bubbles In Food - International Conference
June 9-11
University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology
Manchester, U.K.
Contact: Dr. Grant Campbell
Phone: +44 l6l 200 4472
Fax: +44 161 200 4399
3rd Annual Alberta Poultry Producers' Workshop
June 16- 18
Red Deer Lodge
Red Deer, Alberta
Contact: Warren Chorney (403)250-1197
Western Canada Farm Progress Show
June 17 - 20
Regina Exhibition Park
Regina, Saskatchewan
February 2, 1998 -page 9
Pacific Northwest Grain & Feed Association Annual Meeting
& Conference
June 20 - 24
Sun Valley Resort
Sun Valley. Idaho
Contact: Jonathan Schlueter, Portland, Oregon (503)227-0234
Fax: (503)227-0059
Alberta Branch CSGA Annual Meeting
June 28 - 30
Westin Hotel
Edmonton. Alberta
Contact: Bill Witbeck
CSGA Alberta Branch General Manager
Phone: (403)782-4641 Fax: (403)782-5514
Hitting The Mark - Beef Improvement Federation - 30th
Annual
Meeting and Research Symposium
June 30 -July 3
Calgary, Alberta
Contact: Canadian Beef Breeds Council
Phone: (403)730-0350 Fix: (403)275-8490
July, 1998
International Triticale Symposium
July 26-31
Red Deer Lodge
Red Deer. Alberta
August, 1998
Ninth International Wheat Genetics Symposium
August 2 - 7
University of Saskatchewan
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Contact: Pierre Hucl (306)966-8667
Unity In Diversity, Annual Holistic Management conference
August 5 - 7
Ponoka Legion
Ponoka, Alberta
Contact: Cindy Hudson (403)372-2190
November, 1998
Fall Focus 98
November 10
Camrose Regional Exhibition
Camrose. Alberta
Contact: Rosemary Snider (403)855-2286
Opportunities & Profits II - Special Crops into the 21"
Century Conference
November 1 1 - 13
Convention Inn
Edmonton. Alberta
Contact: Wayne Goruk (403)427-3122
Fax: (403)427-5921
fled Deer International Agri- Trade
November 12-15
Westerner Park, 4847A - 19th Street
Red Deer, Alberta
Saskatchewan Pork Industry Symposium November 12 ■ 13
Saskatoon Inn
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Contact: Wendy Hayes (306)933-5078
Fax: (306)933-7352
Model-it: Application of Modelling as an Innovative
Technology in the Agri-Food Chain
November 29 - December 2
Wageningen. Netherlands
Phone: +3 1 3 17.49 02 85
Fax: +3 1.3 17.41 85 52
E-mail: MODEL-IT@ATO.DLO.iNL
January 1999
Horse Breeders and Owners Conference
January 8 - l(), 1999
Capri Centre
Red Deer. Alberta
Contact: Les Burwash (403)948-8532
February 2, 1998 -page 10
Coming agricultural events notice joss S&
3 3286 51512 6783
1. Do you know of any provincial (Alberta), national or international agricultural meetings, conferences or conventions coming in 1998
or 1999? Please give the name of the event (s):
2. When is the event being held?
3. Where is the event being held? Include city or town; hotel or convention centre, if known:
4. Please give name, city or town, and phone number of a contact person for each event listed:
5. This form has been completed by what organization? Please include your phone number:
Please return this form by May 21, 1998 to:
Lee Anne Palutke, Agri-News Editor
Communications Division
J.G. O'Donoghue Building
7000 - 113 Street
Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6
Phone: (403)422-6958
Fax: (403)427-2861
E-mail: palutke@agric.gov.ab.ca
"Coming agricultural events" is published quarterly in Agri-News.
The next list will be June 1, 1998.
CANALHA^AA
00 00 00 00 00 OOC
March 9, 1998
Safety message from the
Minister
Farming is one of the few professions in the world in which we
live on the work-site. I can't think of a better, more positive
place to raise our children. Yet, agricultural chemicals, fuel,
veterinary products, large animals, dust, noise and stress are
among the many hazards that can threaten the health of
Canadian farm families.
Changing the behaviour of farm families from the children to
the grandparents is an ongoing process, one that takes a
commitment from the entire community. It's through
cooperative efforts of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the
Canadian Coalition for Agricultural Safety and Rural Heath,
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and other
stakeholders that our farmers receive current and useful
safety information.
A great deal of progress has already been achieved to help
Alberta farm families become more aware of the risks on their
farms, but there is still much work to be done. Everyone
agrees that children in particular need to be protected from
injury on the farm. You don't need to have a teaching degree,
just common sense, to teach children about farm safety. The
number of farm fatalities in 1997 is down from the previous
year and that is certainly a step in the right direction. However,
we can not rest until there are no farm accident deaths.
As we gear up for what we hope will be a productive growing
season, it's my hope that farm safety education will take a
front seat to other activities this summer. Let's continue
working together to end all farm injuries during the 1998
growing season.
My children have spent most of their lives on the farm, as have
I, my father and my grandfather. In fact, this year, my family is
celebrating its l()(),h anniversary on the homestead. I assure
you, A Safe Farm is a Great Place to Grow All the best
for a prosperous and safe 1998 growing season.
Hon. Ed Stelmach
Minister of Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development
This Week is
Farm Safety Week
This Week
Safety message from the Minister
Year-round message from a committed team 2
Centre 's reach extends across generations 2
Farm safety part of AWI centennial 3
Children, farm safety and John Deere 3
Singer speaks out for farm safety 4
4-H puts safety first 4
Tune in the Great Farm Noise Hunt and save your
hearing 5
Finding farm safety on CD-Rom 5
Briefs 6
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AMD
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Agri-News™ is published weekly Reprinting ol articles is encouraged Your
comments and suggestions are welcome A typewritten edition with wider
ime-spacing is available to media editors upon request Editor - Lee Anne Palutke
AGRI-i Iffiffllflll'llflll'l
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development - Publishing Branch, Phone: (403) 427-2121
March 9, 1998 -page 2
Year-round message from a
committed team
A national awareness week is an opportunity' to put special
emphasis put on farm safety, but safety on the farm is
something for every day of the year says Alberta's farm safety
program manager.
"Our message year-round is that a safe farm is great
place to grow, not just National Farm Safety Week from
March 11 through 18," says Solomon Kyeremanteng manager
of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's farm
safety program.
"Safety needs to be part of everyday operations on Alberta
farms," he adds. "We know that injuries, and sadly sometimes
deaths, occur that involve farm machinery and livestock, but
the emphasis of the farm safety message is one of positive
prevention.
"There are so many Albertans and Alberta organizations
working toward safer farms and safe farm families, we as a
team can't help but make a positive difference," he says.
Besides the provincial farm safety program, many agricultural
and rural organizations are addressing farm safety issues. The
initiatives range from a Women of Unifarm hearing
conservation project and an Alberta Womens' Institutes (AWI)
children's book series, through to annual summer farm safety
day camps sponsored by the Delia and District Ag Society to
year-round farm safety and rural health programs at a farm
safety centre in Raymond.
"Farm machinery dealerships, other agri-businesses and even
companies with rural connections also get involved in local to
provincial activities," notes Kyeremanteng. "For example, John
Deere Limited is currently involved in its fifth provincial safety
campaign for elementary school children. Nova and TransAlta
are also long-time program sponsors."
A recent multi-partner project is noteworthy for its approach
says Kyeremanteng. "To really make a difference the farm
safety message has to be positive - must focus on what can be
done to change the situation. It's not enough to tell people
what is wrong, instead we want to show them a better
approach."
This positive approach took the form a media campaign
suggested by the farm safety program; funded by the Canadian
Agricultural Safety Program (CASP); supported by broadcasters
CFRN-TV in Edmonton, CFCW radio out of Camrose and CISA-
TV in Lethbridge; spearheaded by agricultural societies from
across the province; co-ordinated and monitored by the AWI.
"Projects that bring together diverse partners that do
something concrete to reduce injuries and fatalities on our
farms will change the statistics and prove that safe Alberta
farms are a great place to grow every day of the year,"
concludes Kyeremanteng.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng (403)427-4227
Centre's reach extends across
generations
A generation gap doesn't exist at the North American Farm and
Environmental Safety Centre. Its doors - and programs - are
open to all ages.
"We're aiming to take the farm safety message to as many
people as possible," says Willard Paxman, chair of the non-
profit society that operates the Centre.
Currently, less than a year after the Centre opened, the major
programming push is on child injury prevention says
coordinator Linda West. "Our focus in 1998 is on teaching
children responsibility for their own safety. They learn how to
recognize danger and determine what action is appropriate to
avoid injury."
Programs will be available at the Centre, located in the
southern Alberta community of Raymond, and at schools in
southern Alberta.
Because the Centre is so new, opening in June 1997,
awareness of the Centre and its programs are also a focus for
1998. West describes the strategy as reaching captive
audiences at trade shows, meetings and seminars.
Those audiences will find out more about the research,
displays and programs available at the Centre. The 1,500
square foot building houses a model farm with 14 different
potential accident sites; interactive displays on the science of
safety; displays on such topics as protective clothing, fire safety
and machinery hazards; and, a book and video library.
During the summer, the Centre is open to the public. Between
September and April, tours must be booked in advance. So far,
4-H, Scout and school groups have taken tours.
"The Centre also organizes and offers courses for adults such
as farm first aid, fire arms safety, pesticide application and
farm family health issues," notes West.
There is a strong community and partnership element in the
Centre. Volunteer labor helped build the facility that is run by a
non-profit society. The Centre has been supported by the Town
of Raymond and both provincial and federal agriculture
departments.
"The Centre's mandate is to reach out to link and cooperate
with other organizations such as the Women of Unifarm and
even farm safety groups in Montana and Idaho," adds West.
Outreach will go global when the Centre goes on-line with its
own Internet homepage this spring. The website
http://www.telusplanet.net/public/farmsafe
will feature program and resource information as well as
outline the Centre's mission and principles.
For more information, contact West in Raymond at
(403)752-4584, fax: (403)752-3643 or write:
Box 291, Raymond, AB TOK 2S0.
Contact: Linda West (403)752-4585
Farm safety part of AWI
centennial
The Alberta Women's Institutes (AWI) didn't just celebrate its
centenary in 1997. it left a listing legacy in schools across the
province.
The legacy is class sets of 30 children's books with a farm
safety message. Written by Alberta author David Paulsen.
Tractor Trouble is the first in a planned Close Encounter
series published by AWI.
Janet Halberg, AWI executive director, describes farm safety as
a natural fit with her organization that has supported rural
families and communities since it was established in Alberta in
1897. and in Alberta in 1909. "Safety of the family has always
been dear to us," she explains. "We've always had some type of
farm safety project on the go."
Projects have ranged from those on a branch level to
provincial in scope. Local branches, for example, have
supported provincial farm safety campaigns by distributing
contest information to school children in their area. Last
summer, two central AWI constituencies - a number of
branches are know as a constituency - organized a highly
successful farm safety day camp near Pine Lake.
"The goal was to have an event where children not only hear
the message, but were shown the message and hopefully
would retain the message," says Faye Mayberry, Ridgewood Wl
president when the camp was held last August.
Working with machinery dealerships, agricultural pesticide
and fertilizer companies and a government research station,
children between the ages of six and 13 experienced farm
safety at a dozen interactive stations. Stations ranged through
all-terrain vehicle and lawn-mower safety, to how to approach
an animal, to seeing what happened to a dummy when it got
caught in running machinery.
On the provincial level, in 1995 the AWI was chosen to be the
lead agency for the Alberta component of the four-year, $4
million Canadian Agricultural Safety Program (CASP). CASP's
primary objective is to decrease farm injuries and fatalities
across the nation and raise the awareness level of farm safety
issues. AWTs role includes chairing a board that approves
provincial projects.
One example was a major media campaign that started in July
1997. The partnership includes Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development's farm safety program, agricultural
businesses and agricultural societies across the province and
three broadcasters - CFRN Edmonton, CFCW Camrose and
C1SA Lethbridge. The upbeat campaign featured testimonial-
type farm messages as the farm safety thought of the day'.
AWI monitored and coordinated the project.
While CASP is slated to end on March 31. 1999. AWTs
commitment to farm safety will continue. Currently book two
of the Close Encounters series is being developed with
March 9, 1998 - page 3
assistance from AW I members across the province Author
Poulsen is seeking storv ideis from members in \W I \ |(>2
branches that he can weave into a second book about kirue
animal safety
For more information about AW I or CASP in Alberta, contact
Halberg in F.dmonton at (403) tSK-5282
Contact: Janet Halberg
(403)488-5282
Children, farm safety and John
Deere
A winning team will be brought together again during National
Farm Safety Week as the fifth farm safety campaign for
elementary school students sponsored bvjohn Deere Limited
and the .Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development farm
safety program is launched.
"We're very excited to be working together again." says
Solomon Kyeremanteng. farm safety program manager. "Our
past partnership with John Deere has been successful beyond
measure in the response from young students and the things
we've learned from them
"Now I'm looking forward to seeing what the children have to
tell us about why a safe farm is a great place to grow "
A Safe Farm Is a Great Place to Crow is the theme of the
awareness contest. It follows on the heels of previous
campaign such as / Care postcards. Super Safety Hero,
Interview with a Farm Accident and the Key to Farm Safety
contests. As with the other contests, students are invited to
make a farm safety message, in words or pictures, based on
the theme.
Their entries will be eligible for prizes and will be used in
other farm safety awareness campaigns Two grand prizes will
be awarded - one trip for four to F.dmonton and another to
Calgary that include an NHL game. Second prizes of 100
knapsacks with coolers and 50 third prizes of insulated lunch
bags will also be awarded
"Reaching children has had a ripple effect in the whole farm
community They become more aware and their awareness
touches their families. Involvement of agri-businesses such as
John Deere widens the circle," says Kyeremanteng
Wlnle each campaign has had the same basic goal and
approach, all have been unique and been a tremendous way of
promoting farm safety We at John Deere Limited are
enthusiastic
about continuing this partnership and our commitment to
safer farms," says Bonnie Hayden, marketing communications
manager for John Deere Limited
Cant d on page •)
March 9, 1998 -page 4
The 1998 campaign will be officially launched at Delia School
on March 1 1 at 2:00 p.m. by Debbie Nelson, honorary chair of
the awareness week in Alberta, Kyeremanteng and
representatives of a local John Deere dealership.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng Bonnie Hayden
(403)427-4227 (403)945-7314
the launching place for the newest provincial student farm
safety campaign on March 1 1 at 2:00 p.m. The campaign will
invite students to draw or write why a safe farm is a great place
to grow. The contest is sponsored by Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development's farm safety program and John Deere
Limited.
Nelson won't limit her championship of farm safety to the
national awareness week. This spring, she'll go on a cross-
country promotional tour of radio stations from Vancouver to
the Maritimes. She says she plans to have more than music to
talk about, and will give the same treatment to her farm safety
message as she did to // Doesn 7 Really Matter, The song was
given to her producer by a writer who asked "to save it for
someone who can sing it from the heart."
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng
(403)427-4227
4-H puts safety first
Alberta's 4-H program takes the same learn to do by doing
approach to safety as it does with members' club projects.
"Along with the fun of learning and working with animals and
machinery comes responsibility," says Carol Sullivan,
provincial 4-H communications and marketing specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"For example, the first section in the new horse project
manual is all about safety. The reminder is that caution must
be taken, even around the quietest horse," she adds.
This isn't the only example. All livestock club members learn
proper handling techniques. Woodworking club members
learn ways to work safely with tools. Snowmobile club
members learn safe and skillful operation of the snowmobile.
"Safe techniques learned in 4-H are taken home to the family
farm, a practice that fits with this year's National Farm Safety
Week theme, A Safe Farm is a Great Place to Grow," says
Sullivan. "During the club year many 4-H clubs supplement
their safe practices with training in basic first aid. Even junior
4-Hers learn how to react in emergencies. Agriculture
production can be hazardous. The 4-H experience teaches
members to be alert to work-related hazards, but should
accidents happen, the first aid training can be a lifesaver."
Safety in 4-H doesn't end with spring achievement days and
livestock sales. 4-H camp counselors receive emergency first
aid training by Eric Jones, senior safety officer with Alberta
Agriculture. "We focus on prevention and first aid in a camp
setting" says Jones. "We tour the site and trails to spot hazards
like bee hives and uneven paths. The sessions have helped
decrease the incidence of injury during the camps."
Singer speaks out for farm
safety
"I know this is what my Dad would want me to do, not just
sing, but help people out," says 21-year old Debbie Nelson
from her family home near Delia in central Alberta.
Nelson's fourth single, // Doesn t Really Matter, from her
Royalty Records debut CD No Money Down has just been
released to radio and has already received good reviews. Her
passion for her music had always been influenced by her
father. Her love for her father is also influencing a cause that
she is combining with her career.
From March 1 1 through 18, Nelson will be the honorary chair
for National Farm Safety Week in Alberta. When she speaks,
she'll speak from experience and from the heart.
Nearly three years ago, her father died in a tractor rollover.
The accident was difficult not just because of his death, but
because of his careful attitude to farm safety. Nelson recalls
him as 'always so careful'. Heart-shaped stickers, familiar to
most prairie families, reminding him to take care because his
family loved him were all over his farm machinery.
But, the small tractor he was using didn't have a rollover bar.
When it slipped on a hill and tipped over, he was trapped and
died instantly. While a rollover bar might have saved his life,
it's a "maybe if" that Nelson doesn't like to think about.
However, encouraging people to add rollover protective
structures (ROPS) is part of her message to the farm
community, so "other families don't go through what we did,"
she says.
While growing up, both she and her older brother were given a
sense of the necessity for safety around their mostly grain
farm. That meant staying away from power take-offs (PTOs)
and big machinery. Nelson says it's also important that
children learn appropriate actions in dangerous situations,
such as how to turn off a PTO if someone is caught in one.
The long-time 4-Her, once a member of the Drumheller Valley
4-H Lamb Club and the Craigmyle Menagerie, made a
commitment to the farm safety team before the national
awareness week. Nelson has already spoken at schools and to
4-H groups. She'll be a featured speaker in early March at a
regional 4-H event.
As well, Nelson will help kick off National Farm Safety Week in
Alberta at the school where she started kindergarten and
graduated from high school 13 years later. Delia School will be
Cont 'd on page 5
New this summer, is a first aid session for all 12 to 14 year-
olds who attend the Battle Lake camps. Jones also conducts an
annual safety audit of the Alberta 4-H Centre at Battle Lake.
This includes the lodge, dormitory, trails and beachfront area
With staff and -4-H counselors, Jones developed emergency
procedures to use at the Centre. Besides the safety plans, there
are two St. John's Ambulance certified first-aiders on staff. The
campers to counselor ratio is eight to one, and all camps with
waterfront activities are supervised by a qualified lifeguard.
"We want our members to experience the challenges and fun
of camp in the safest conditions possible" adds Sullivan.
For more information on 4-H call (403) 422-4H-H1 or visit the
Alberta 4-H web site at
http://www.agric.gov.ab ca riiraldev/4h/ index.html
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 422-4H4H
Tune in the Great Farm Noise
Hunt and save your hearing
There's another resource besides soil and water Alberta
farmers might want to add to their conservation list - their
own hearing.
Loud sounds produced by farm. shop, garden and recreation
equipment make hearing injury a real risk for agriculture
workers. Both noise and pleasant sounds, such as music, can
be loud enough to cause permanent hearing loss that can
become gradually worse over a number of years.
TUNE-IN Farm Safety, an interactive hearing safety kit
developed by the Women of Uniform, in partnership with
Professor Susan Haske, University of Alberta, can help farm
families. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development's
farm safety program also consulted on the project.
"The hearing conservation kit helps identify loud sounds on
the farm that may be hazardous to hearing," says Carol
Sullivan, provincial 4-H communications and marketing
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "It contains The Great Farm Noise Hunt video,
hearing protectors, a sound level meter, time-weighted
exposure guidelines, information handouts, posters and safety
alert stickers. The star of the multi-media kit is the animated
character called SLiM - the sound level meter, who takes farm
families on noise safety hunts."
4-H groups are some of the young Albertans the kits were
designed for. The kits can be a starting point for hearing safety
hunts to find loud sounds. Participants then choose either
turn down the sounds or wear hearing protection.
The Tune-In kit. which received both federal and provincial
funding, is also an award winner.
March 9, 1998 - page 5
"We're pleased the TUne ln hearing conservation project was
awarded Cold recognition bv the Council for Advancement and
Support of Education (CASE), an international competition in
the area of publications for student audiences," says Florence
Trautman, Women of Uniform president
The Women of I'nifarm hope these kits will encourage rural
Albertans to make healthy choices when it comes to their
hearing," she adds.
4-H clubs can borrow the hearing conservation kit from their
regional 4-H specialist. It is also available on loan from the
Multi-Media Library of Alberta Agriculture Fax your request to
(403)427-2861 or e-mail to ken.blacklev" agric.gov.ab.ca
Contact: Carol Sullivan Florence Trautman
(403) 427-4499 (403) 452-7605
Finding farm safety on CD-Rom
A traditional printed child's guide to farm safety has moved
into the high technology sphere with the release of Lost on
the Farm, an interactive CD-Rom game.
"Like the past child's guides this CD-Rom approach lets young
students learn and test their farm safety knowledge at the
same time." says Solomon Kyeremanteng. manager of Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development's farm safety
program.
This high technology approach to reach elementary age
students was supported by two long-time sponsors of the
former Child's Guide to Farm Safety series, Nova Corporation
and TransAlta Utilities As well, the project was supported by
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Canadian Coalition for
Agricultural Safety and Rural Health, the Canadian Agricultural
Safety Program (CASP) and Alberta Women's Institutes.
"This project was important because we tried a new approach,
and because our sponsors were willing to and excited about
going high tech." says Kyeremanteng. "The project also
recognizes that Alberta students and schools are computer
literate and the CD-Rom was an appropriate way to bring farm
safety to them."
Currently the CD-Rom is being distributed to Alberta schools
free of charge.
For more information about Lost on the Farm, contact the
farm safety program in Edmonton at (403)427-2171. The call
is toll-free by dialing 310-0000 first.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng
(403)427-4227
March 9, 1998 -page 6
^— — ^— ^— ^— ^— National Library of Canada
Agri-News Safety Briefs j j|°Jf j "Jf "jtf |fa]j ]
3 3286 51512 6908
Canadian farm safety facts
• Farm tractors are associated with 48 per cent of work-
related farm fatalities. Tractor rollovers and runovers are
the leading causes of death. In most cases, there was no
rollover protective structure (ROPS) on the tractor;
• entanglement in unguarded, moving machinery is a
leading cause of bodily injury on Canadian farms;
• the farm operator is the one facing the greatest risk of fatal
injury;
• 10 per cent of work-related and 20 per cent of non-work
related farm fatalities involve children under the age of 16
years. Runovers are the most common cause;
• the highest risk category for work-related farm fatalities is
men over 60;
• work-related farm fatalities occur mostly in the summer
months of July through September, and occurrences were
highest on Mondays and Tuesdays; and,
• more non-tractor, machinery fatalities are associated with
harvesting than planting activities.
IS
March 16, 1998
Progress in animal industry
research
Staff in the animal industry division of Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development create new information through
research so Alberta producers stay on the leading edge of
technology in livestock production. It is also a part of the
division's responsibility to transfer this new technology to
producers in an efficient manner.
"Research information that is generated is usually subject to
review, often by peers, and only then is it accepted as being
applicable to certain production situations,'' says Dr. Laki
Goonewardene, manager - research support, animal industry
division. Alberta Agriculture. "One way of validating a research
article is to submit it to a scientific journal for publication. The
editor of the journal usually sends the manuscript to two
experts on the subject and publication depends on their
reviews. The Canadian Journal of Animal Science (CJAS) is one
such journal that publishes Canadian work that relates to basic
and applied animal sciences."
Using the number of submissions to the CJAS in 1996 and
1997 is one way to measure the progress and competency in
animal production research. A comparison with Universities
and Ag-Canada research stations shows where Alberta
Agriculture stands.
In 1996, provincially there were five manuscripts submitted,
four of which were from Alberta Agriculture. The total number
submitted (Canada, USA and other countries) was 137. The
department's contribution was about three per cent. Though
that may seem rather small, it's ahead of UBC (1) and
University of Montreal (1), Ag-Canada - Lacombe (3) and
equal to University of Laval and University of Manitoba and
Ag-Canada Lennoxville. The University of Alberta had 13.
University of Guelph 8. and Ag-Canada - Lethbridge 14.
Tn 1997, provincially there were eight manuscripts submitted
seven of which were from Alberta Agriculture," says
Goonewardene. "There were a total of 141 manuscripts
submitted and the department's contribution was five per
cent. Based on the number of manuscripts submitted. Alberta
(qearing Up for
Spring
This Week
Progress in animal industry research
1
Alberta quality pork program
2
Macro- and micro-nutrients effect yield
3
Flushing bars reduce wildlife mortality
4
Stocking rates help manage bison
4
Eight driving forces shape agri-food demand
5
Pest predictions '98
6
Bedding plants and greenhouse industry
7
Biological weed control
7
1998 Crop Protection With Chemicals Guide
8
Fibre hemp -how it measures up in Alberta
9
Beekeeping in Alberta
10
Aquaculture - look what's been done
11
Agra Load provides tracking for grain industry
11
4-H - more than you ever imagined
12
Al^Y'JVOWS Publishin9 Branch' Tel: <403> 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
/dlbsrfa
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
January 12, 1998 - page 2
Agriculture ranked number five, behind University of Guelph
and University of Saskatchewan with 13 each, Ag-Canada -
Lethbridge with 11, Ag-Canada - Lacombe with 10 and the U
of A with 8.
There has been significant progress in beef and dairy resource
materials, also. The beef and dairy group of the animal
industry division has developed a number of useful resource
materials that are being used considerably by industry. These
products include both computer software and publications.
The following table gives you an idea of the demand for and
sales of these materials.
Material
Year printed
Total printed
Total #
to date
sold
Beef herd binder
1987
9,850
8,726
Cowchip$
1991
900
725
Cattle Nutr.Course
1990 (2nd ed)
1900
1661
CowBytes
1990
550+ upgrades
625
Dairy Prod. Course
1986 (2nd ed)
1863
1863
DairyBytes
1995
200
63
A total of $1,010,790 in revenue has been generated by the
sale of these products and additional software products are
being developed by Alberta Agriculture staff, Dr. John Basarab,
Dr. Erasmus Okine, Rob Hand, Rick Corbett and Darrel
Bignell.
"Value-added products are not being left out of the research
loop either. In 1997, some very interesting research was
conducted on the value of insect protein in animal feeds,"
adds Goonewardene.
A well known ecologist, C. F. Hodge (1919), calculated that a
pair of house flies can produce in five months, if all flies
survived, enough flies to cover the earth to a depth of 47 feet.
It sounds absurd ecologically, but it expresses the tremendous
reproductive potential of some insects. Our focus is usually on
insects as enemies of man. However, if we focus on Hodge's
layer of flies it is an impressive pile of animal protein.
"The quality of insect protein is superior to that of soybean
meal and is therefore a suitable substitute as an animal feed,"
says Goonewardene. "House fly pupae and larvae contain 60.2
and 56.4 per cent protein, respectively. The fat content of
pupae is 20.2 per cent and larvae 16.9 per cent. This
combined with the high protein level makes the insect meal
an excellent substitute for meat, fish meal or soymeal in fish
or poultry diets."
Currently, fish feeding studies (Rainbow trout) are being
conducted using whole dried larvae and pupae produced by
growing larvae and pupae on oat hulls, a plant processing
waste material which is of little commercial value. In Canada,
fish farming is becoming a standard animal production
system. This growing industry is totally dependent on the
supply of inexpensive animal protein. This value-added feed
source will help the fish industry by providing an alternate
protein source, thereby reducing the cost of fish production in
Alberta.
This research is being done by Dr. Badruddin Ali Khan in
collaboration with Ron Beck.
Contact: Dr Laki Goonewardene
(403)427-4545
Alberta quality pork program
As the leader in Canadian Pork Quality Assurance Programs,
Alberta has slowed its pace in recent months while taking part
in the National Technical Working Group on Quality .Assurance.
The working group was put into place by the Canadian Pork
Council (CPC) to develop national standards for pork quality
assurance (QA).
"Individual provincial initiatives were quickly brought together
within the CPC to improve efficiency and eliminate
duplication," says Dawn LeBlanc coordinator of the Alberta
Quality Pork program, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Established national standards will be
beneficial in the export market where the international
marketplace recognizes pork from Canada rather than from
individual provinces."
The Technical Working Group for the national QA program is
made up of producers, veterinarians and government
specialists from across Canada. This committee is working
toward an April 1998 deadline to launch a national program
focussing on food safety concerns on-farm. The first issues
being closely considered and scrutinized under the QA
program are the issues of drug residue avoidance and broken
needles.
The Alberta working committee consists of four producers, a
practising veterinarian, a feed industry representative and
processor a representative. This committee has been editing
and reviewing proposed standards, guidelines and written
materials being developed for both the national and provincial
level programs. As the four producers are also participating in
the project, they provide practical input into the mechanics of
running the program. The input of this group, as well as other
producers and veterinarians has been invaluable in developing
a practical and effective program.
Within the Alberta program, LeBlanc began in January, 1998 as
coordinator of the Alberta quality pork program. She will be
working with provincial swine veterinarian Julia Keenliside and
the Alberta quality assurance working committee to develop
and implement the national program for Alberta producers.
"The Alberta Quality Pork program began in 1996 when
producers, processors and government decided that setting
standards to document the safety and quality of Alberta pork
Conl d on page 3
was necessary." adds LeBlanc. "The Alberta Pork Producers
Development Corporation. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development and Fletcher's Fine Foods worked together to
develop and test a pilot program involving about 60 producers
This pilot program has been running for a little more than a
year. Regardless of the status of the national program, the
Alberta qualitv pork program will be ready to be opened up to
all Alberta producers this April "
Alberta Quality Pork is a voluntary program that developed
standards for good production practices and will attempt to
bring on-farm critical control points to the attention of
producers. It consists of producer and employee education,
documentation of good production practices on-farm. third
party verification of records and production practices, and
carcass quality and viscera health information for the
producers. Producers who meet the standards of the program
will be certified as Alberta Qualitv Pork Producers and must be
re-verified on a regular basis to maintain this status.
"The implementation of such a program holds benefits for the
producers as well as the industry," savs LeBlanc. "For the
producer, there is a potential for decreased drug costs and
trim demerits, a reduced risk of violative residues and
established check points to allow for fast and easy
identification of any problems that arise. It is an effective
management tool and provides the producer with extra health
and carcass information from the packers. The
documentation of treated animals and the extra information
from the packers gives producers a better idea of how their
management decisions impact the final product."
Quality Assurance will benefit the industrv through an
improved image to the consumer, a reduced risk of violative
residues, improved market access and marketability and
increased information on carcass quality
Contact: Dawn LeBlanc
(403)427-4538
Macro- and micro-nutrients
effect yield
If the nitrogen applied last year was supposed to yield a crop of
at least 80 bushel/acre of quality feed barley but only 60
bushel/acre of mediocre grain was taken off. there are
questions that need to be addressed before next planting
season.
"One of the first things that should be done is a
comprehensive soil test," says Dr. leuan Evans, plant disease
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Soil testing is an essential tool for determining
nitrogen, phosphate, potash, sulphur levels and identifying
other nutrient needs. When doing the soil test be sure to avoid
high and low or atypical areas of the field."
January 12, 1998 - page 3
An 80 bushel acre crop of barley needs over 1 00 lbs of
nitrogen. nO lbs of phosphate (P O ) 8S lbs ot potassium
(K.O) and N lbs of sulphur for both straw and gram
production. The gram itself lakes out "0 lbs of nitrogen. 50 lbs
of phosphate. 20 lbs of potash and 6 lbs of sulphur The
balance of the nutrient (fertilizer) requirements is left in the
straw.
If any of these macro-nutrients were low or deficient, much
of the nitrogen application is wasted. s.i\s Evans. "If soil test
results show that macro-nutrient levels are fine, micro-
nutrient levels should be checked Again this can be done with
soil testing samples."
As production puts heavier demands on cropland,
micronutrients can be depleted. These micronutrients are also
essential for optimum crop production
"If soil testing shows copper levels of 0 5 ppm (parts per
million) and zinc levels of 0.4 ppm. yield will definitely suffer. "
says Evans. "For Alberta cropland, it is now recommended that
soil copper and zinc levels should be over 10 ppm. European
and Australian recommendations are around 15 ppm for
copper and 3.0 ppm for zinc as minimum levels for cereal
production.
"If a barley crop gets only half the zinc or copper micro-
nutrients it needs, producers can expect up to a 50 per cent
drop in yield or high percentages of thins."
Barley also has requirements for iron, boron, manganese,
calcium and magnesium. These micro-nutrients are usually
present in most soils. Soil testing will also show if any of these
other micronutrients need to be added to the fertilizer mix.
"Approximately one acre in five on the prairies is low to
limiting in copper and about one is seven is low in sulphur."
adds Evans. "The importance of soil testing can't be stressed
enough. Especially where sandy, sandv loam, high organic and
peat soils or soils receiving high amounts of livestock manure
are concerned. These soils are often nutrient deficient or
unbalanced in one or more macro- or micro-nutrients."
Nutrients alone are not entirely responsible for depressed yield
and quality. Drought, flooding, frost, herbicide residues,
insects and disease are all factors that must be considered.
However, producers have complete control over the nutrient,
or fertilizer, status of a crop. It makes sense to eliminate
deficient macro- and micro-nutrient levels from the equation
for success.
Contact: Dr. leuan Evans
(403)427-7098
January 12, 1998 - page 4
Flushing bars reduce wildlife
mortality
First-cut haying activities coincide with the peak waterfowl
nesting season, and often many nesting ducks fall victim to a
cutting mower. Central Alberta farmers will now be able to save
nesting waterfowl by installing a flushing bar to their mowers.
"Ducks, songbirds and a wide variety of mammals are
attracted to hay lands as nesting sites and nurseries for their
young, and are highly vulnerable during the first cut," says
Brett Calverley, field biologist with Ducks Unlimited Canada.
This spring, flushing bars are being supplied and installed for
farmers in central Alberta. It will add to over 17,000 acres
being mowed annually with these devices in place.
The flushing bar is made of lightweight aluminum, and easily
attaches to the front of tractors for use with pull-type hay
cutting equipment. Chains, which are attached to the bar, drag
through the hay as the machine moves. This motion frightens
the nesting ducks and other wildlife to move away from the
path of the mower.
"Farmers are generally very accepting of technology that will
allow them to maintain their current hay production system,
as well as save wildlife," says Calverley. "Approximately 80
farmers across central Alberta have signed 10-year
commitments to use flushing bars on their pull-type mowers."
A study conducted on central Alberta first-cut hayfields in 1994
found that 100 per cent of the duck hens survived hay cutting
activities when a flushing bar was used, whereas 48 per cent of
all nest attending hens were killed with standard hay cutting
techniques. "1997 was the first of a two-year study evaluating a
similar device for self-propelled mowers," he says.
Ducks, songbirds, deer fawns and numerous other mammals
are also expected to benefit from this technology. The flushing
bar project is being funding jointed by the North American
Waterfowl Management Flan, and Environment Canada under
an Action 21 grant.
Producers interested in the flushing bar program can contact
Barry Bishop at the Ducks Unlimited office in Camrose,
(403) 672-6786.
Contact: Brett Calverley
Ducks Unlimited Canada
(403)489-2002
Stocking rates help manage
bison
Stocking rates may be one of the most important management
tools a bison rancher uses to ensure herd health and
happiness, says a forage specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development.
Bjorn Berg says setting a proper stocking rate will assure
adequate food resources for all animals in the herd.
"The first step is to determine the carrying capacity of the land
to set a stocking rate for grazing bison," says Berg. "Carrying
capacity is the number of animals an area will support without
undue harm to the plants and soil.
"You need to take half and leave half of the forages available. If
you take all in a given year, there's nothing left for the plant to
survive for the next winter and it could take years to get your
plants back."
In a confined grazing situation, the animals may graze heavily
in a grassland area and leave areas under trees and shrubs
under-utilized. It becomes necessary to know the demand that
is going to be placed on the ground with having a minimum
impact on the plants.
To do this, Berg says it's simply a matter of analyzing the
parcel of land to be used for grazing. Producers must
determine the forage availability on both dryland and wetland
acres. Berg gives the northern Fescue Prairie at Camp
Wainwright in AJberta as an example. That area may produce
500 to 1000 pounds/acre, whereas southern mid-grass prairie
found at Suffield in southern Alberta may only produce 250 to
750 pounds per acre.
Forage availability of wetlands such as northern sedge
meadows at Bonnyville, AJberta could produce up to 2500
pounds per acre.
Berg recommends that up to half of the forage produced on
native rangelands should remain unharvested to maintain the
range condition and productivity.
When calculating a stocking rate for bison, it is important for
producers to think of the ranch as a whole unit, rather than
just the pasture alone. Feed is part of the carrying capacity, but
it is also important to know the landscape ind plants.
Matching the animal needs to the forage quality, and
understanding what the animal demands and the forage
supplies are is strongly recommended. Where investigated
(mostly native range), bison prefer grasses and sedges slightly
more than cattle, and forbs and shrubs somewhat less. "Bison
will reduce their intake if they don't like what they're eating,"
says Berg. "If this is the case, bison will start increasing their
grazing time, searching for food, and as a result, will begin to
roam."
Cunt d on page 5
January 12, 1998 - page 5
Stocking rates also need to be managed to maintain a pasture
reserve. This extra forage helps maintain the intake rate on
bison and provide reserves for the forage stand to overcome
the effects of drought and winter
"The key is finding the optimum number of animals for the
land available by analyzing the acreage for open grasslands,
wetlands and trees," Berg adds. "Once you've found this
number, you can decide whether to stock two bison per acre
or 10 bison per acre."
Contact: Bjom Berg
(403)679-1210
Eight driving forces shape agri-
food demand
The agri-food industry is changing rapidly As time becomes
even more precious to people, changes in how and what they
eat become more pronounced. A 1997 study The Pursuit of
Quality, a Sustainable Growth Strategy1 for the
Alberta Agri-Food Sector by Toma & Bouma Management
Consultants, points to eight specific factors that have a huge
impact on what consumers want and how producers and
processors can supply that demand.
"The agri-food industry in Alberta is a thriving and growing
part of agriculture in the province," says Lou Normand.
director of processing industry division. Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "It is important for Alberta agri-
food producers and processors to understand the trends
shaping this changing industry. The study commissioned in
1997, gives us some real insights into global trends."
The eight driving forces' identified in the report are:
• population and demographic changes in North America;
• food for health and food as medicine;
• rapid growth in demand for food products in the Pacific
Rim;
• technology advancements in food production, processing
and information systems;
• growth of global food production and marketing systems;
• public concern with food safety and origin;
• competition for markets (competitor response); and.
• the growing importance of trade and trade agreements.
"Rising life expectancy and falling birth rates are significant
trends in Alberta's major markets, Canada and the U.S.," says
Normand. "Along with the increase in the average age of these
consumers there are also factors of smaller average household
size, a slowing or lowering of household income growth and
changing patterns in both work and recreation in the family
unit. These factors effect the type of food and food products
families choose and impacts where and how meals are
consumed, at home, in restaurants, drive thru or pick up
These Lifesty le changes also change the retail side of the
industry Convenience and ready-to-serve food sections are
growing in grocery stores and supermarkets Home meal
replacement products are being seen 111 restaurants, specials
stores and supermarkets Alternative retail outlets, specializing
in ethnic foods, health foods and organic foods are also
making their presence felt in the market All of these changes
are a direct result of consumers increasing demand for
wholesome, high-quality and convenient food and food
products.
"Probablv the trend effecting the commoditv side of agri-food
the most is the demand for food as medicines and food for
health." adds Normand. "Focussing on cereals, oilseeds and
herb crops, consumers are looking for health enhancing foods
and natural ingredients. Terms such as functional foods,
phyto-pharmaceuticals. nutraceuticals. carotenoids and
aeolian plants are helping shape personal diet requirements
It's predicted that professional services offering customized
diets based on age, weight, health, stress levels, disease
pressures and'or metabolism will be one of the fastest growing
'service' industries in western Canada and I'.S."
Research and development in the functional or nutraceutical
areas of foods is second only to the research and development
for food safety. It includes work with whole grains, portions of
grains (oat and wheat bran), oil extracts and secondary
products (bee pollen). Added benefits derived from natural
plant ingredients in herbs, oilseeds, pulse crops and tropical
plants are constantly being advertised, and consumers, looking
for extra benefits from the food they eat. are paying attention
to the health science in foods and food products.
"Understanding how these two factors change agri-food
demands and attitudes is the first step in staying on the
leading edge of agri-food processing." says Normand.
"Producers and processors are in a position where they must
stay informed to plan intelligently. Consumer studies are one
of the planning tools available to the agri-food industry"
For a copy of the report, contact the agri-food innovation
initiative group (403)422-3166.
Contact: Lou Normand
(403)427-3166
January 12, 1998 - page 6
Pest predictions '98
Forewarned is forearmed. When dealing with crop pests,
knowing what insects to be on the lookout for is the first step
in being able to quickly treat a pest situation when it arises.
"This year, there are three pests in particular that farmers
should be checking for. These are Bertha armyworms,
grasshoppers and lygus bugs," says Mike Dolinski, specialist in
entomology with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "In the case of Bertha armyworm, parasitism in
central and northern Alberta has been increasing to a point
where the risk of Bertha infestation should be low but there is
still risk north of the Yellowhead (#16) Highway. Farmers
north of Hwy 16 should monitor their fields in late July and
early August to get an idea of the Bertha population in their
fields."
The whole Peace River block has the highest risk for Berthas.
Predictions of population numbers comes from monitoring
the Berthas and the parasites that attack Berthas. There is
usually a delay of two to three years before a population of
parasites can bring the pest under control.
"The population numbers from last fall are such that farmers
shouldn't panic," says Dolinski. "However, they should be on
the look out for Bertha armyworms so that if there is a need to
treat, they are able to quickly respond to the problem."
When checking a field and counting Bertha armyworms,
remember that any more than 15 per square metre is the
population density point where chemical treatment becomes
necessary.
"The grasshopper population is gradually building, mostly in
southeast Alberta," says Dolinski. "Farmers should make note
of where they saw grasshoppers last fall and check those areas
again in early spring, especially if it is a hot and dry spring."
Although not expecting any outbreaks of any consequences in
1998, the province is at the leading edge of a grasshopper
resurgence. If Alberta farmers experience a good spring and a
long, dry fall (excellent weather for egg-laying) it could bring a
more severe problem in 1 999-
Lygus bugs in canola are the really big potential pest problem
for 1998. Last year, 300,000 to 400,000 acres in south and
central Alberta had to be sprayed for lygus bugs. On top of that,
many fields, right through the province including the Peace
River region, were infested but not treated because the
problem wasn't identified in time.
"We're going into 1998 not knowing enough about lygus bug
mortality and how the population will survive winter and
build-up this spring to make any accurate prediction," says
Dolinski. "Last year was the first year there was an outbreak
situation in Alberta. There was an increase in lygus bug
populations in almost the total province. Farmers have to be
surveying canola fields and checking for lygus bugs from just
prior to bud stage, right through to harvest."
Lygus bugs feed only on the reproductive parts of plants, the
bud, bloom and then the seed in the pods. If farmers are
finding a significant number of lygus bugs at the bud stage,
they can assume that those adults are lying eggs and it's their
progeny that harm the seed pods in canola. If large numbers
of adults are found through the bud and early flowering stages,
farmers will likely have to spray right at the end of bloom.
"Spraying at the end of bloom, the recommended time, means
that we will concede some of the buds and blossoms to the
bugs but protect the soon to be developing pods," adds
Dolinski. "If a farmer sweeps a field at early bud stage and
finds lots of lygus bugs, high enough numbers to prevent the
plants from coming into bloom, it may be necessary to spray
early. While it takes care of the immediate problem, it also
means farmers may need to spray again in the late bloom
stage.
"The economic threshold for lygus is determined near the end
of bloom using a sweep net.
The threshold is 1.5 lygus/sweep based on three sets of 10
sweeps/set. In other words, if there are more than 15 lygus
bugs found in 10 sweeps, you are close to having to make a
decision on control. We're unsure of how much damage the
bug does to canola late in the growing season but the damage
definitely decreases as the seeds in the pods mature."
Alberta Agriculture staff will be carrying out lygus bug
monitoring programs provincially. Each region will have a
monitoring program for this pest. Farmers should contact
their local cereal and oilseed specialist for updates on lygus
bug numbers in their area.
All canola producers will receive a factsheet on lygus bugs in
their Canola Commission newsletter later this year outlining
details on identification, detection and control.
"Bertha armyworms, grasshoppers and lygus bugs are the
three pests farmers will want to pay special attention to this
year," says Dolinski. "One other pest that should always be
scouted for is flea beetles. Flea beetles overwinter as adults
and there were a number of producers that had problems with
them last fall. Those producers who saw lots of flea beetles last
fall should watch for signs of flea beetles in early spring at
emergence. Provincially, big problems with flea beetles are not
anticipated this year."
Contact: Mike Dolinski
(403)422-4873
January 12, 1998 - page 7
Bedding plants and greenhouse
industry
In response to the rapidly growing greenhouse industry, two
bedding plants production workshop were held in Lethbridge
and Edmonton and attracted l()c) participants.
"Eighty per cent of the Albertans who attended the workshops
are planning to build new greenhouses," says Dr. Mohyuddin
Mirza. greenhouse crops specialist with Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development. "These people are seriously
considering starting into the greenhouse business."
For 1998. the greenhouse crops industry has expanded to grow
more vegetables, cut flowers and bedding plants, with major
expansion occurring in the area of vegetable production. There
are currently 4b acres of seedless cucumbers, nine acres of
tomatoes and five acres of peppers in Alberta.
"There is considerable interest in growing cluster tomatoes
because of consumer demand for the product." says Mirza.
"Cluster tomatoes appear attractive to consumers because of
better flavor and presentation. In cases of these types of
tomatoes, the entire cluster is harvested and sold as such."
The production of good quality roses and other cut flowers has
been gradually increasing. Alberta has been able to compete
with imported flowers due to the better quality and shelf-life.
Roses, alstroemerias, oriental lilies and asters may last up to
three weeks if properly handled.
"The tree seedling production sector is now being handled by
1 1 growers," adds Mirza. "More than 50 million seedlings will
be grown in Alberta this year for reforestation purposes."
The industry is branching out in many directions with new
cultivars and crops. In 1998, more than half a million plugs of
the medicinal plant echinacea, commonly called purple
cone flower, are expected to be grown for field planting. This is
a new area in crop diversification in the province and there is
a potential to establish a value-added industry to process
medicinal plants such as echinacea and many others.
Contact: Dr Mohyuddin Mirza
(403)415-2303
Biological weed control
The biological control of weeds, as an ll tentative 10 herbicides,
is the focus of much research in Alberta Biological control is
the use of a weed's natural enemies to control it Natural
enemies are arthropods (insects, mites and their relatives),
bacteria and fungi that eat or cause disease in the weed Much
of the work currently being done in Alberta involves the
release of insects to control problem weeds.
"Insects have some advantages over herbicides. savs Jim
Tansey, weed biological control technologist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "These biological
control agents are much more selective than herbicides as
each variety will only attack one kind of weed As their
population grows, an initial release of a small number of
insects can provide continuous control over a large area. The
insects attack very tough weeds like leafy spurge and bladder
campion and they can be used in many places, such as near
water, where herbicides can't be used. Another attractive
feature of biocontrol is its negligible environmental impact.
There are none of the problems associated w ith herbicide
residues, contaminated groundwater or weed chemical
resistance to worry about with these insects."
Potential biological control agents must stand up to several
levels of very rigorous testing In the case of insects, these tests
include exposing the insect to a large variety of plant species. If
the insect eats only the target weed, even when starved, it goes
to the next level. The insect is then, pending federal approval,
released on caged and carefully monitored sites. If the insects
surv ive the w inter and are successful at damaging or
suppressing the weed on these sites, they can be distributed to
other parts of the prov ince. These tests are designed to ensure
the safety of valuable crop, forage and native plant species and
evaluate the effectiveness of the insects at suppressing weeds.
There are several insects available to control weeds in Alberta
and most do best on rangeland. pasture land and other non-
cultivated areas w here they are not disturbed.
"Among the biocontrol agents now available, beetles that
attack leafy spurge, a creeping perennial range, pasture and
grassland weed, have been the most effective." savs Tansey.
"One of the reasons that leafy spurge is so difficult to control
with more traditional methods is its very extensive root
system. It allows the plants to grow back very quicklv when cut
and also protects the plant from herbicides. Adult Apbtbona
spp. beetles are defoliators and the larvae, which causes most
of the damage to the plant, work underground on the roots
There are now five ty pes of spurge beetles available to help
control this weed. Each type of beetle is best suited to a
specific soil type and habitat. For example, black dot spurge
beetle do best in exposed, dry, sandy soils; copper spurge
beetles like moist shaded areas: and. black spurge beetles
prefer moist, loamy soils.
Cont 'd on page 8
January 12, 1998 - page 8
The black dot spurge beetle has been successful, reducing
spurge density by 95 per cent in a number of areas, but the
effectiveness of the other beetles is still being evaluated. As
part of this evaluation, 95 releases of black spurge beetles
were made throughout Alberta last summer. Information from
these sites will give a better understanding of the conditions
best suited to these insects. In addition, two species of fly to
control leafy spurge are also being looked at.
"Tortoise beetles are currently being used to control the deep-
rooted perennial weed, bladder campion," says Tansey. "This
weed is commonly found in waste areas, gravel pits and
roadsides. These insects have become established on several
sites and have had some success at suppressing the weed.
Work is also being done on biocontrol agents to combat
scentless chamomile. A seed weevil looks promising and has
become established on sites in Drayton Valley, Nisku,
Edmonton, Vegreville and Grande Prairie. In addition,
biocontrol agents for common and dalmatian toadflax,
common tansy, field bindweed, purple loosestrife and hound's
tongue are also being examined."
None of these insects will eradicate the weeds that they attack.
Instead, they will reduce weed numbers to levels that don't
affect normal land use, such as grazing, and keep them there.
"An Agri-fax factsheet is currently being prepared to provide
more detailed information on the biological control agents
available, the screening process used to assess their safety and
effectiveness, some tips for people with release sites on their
land and more information for those who would like to try
biological control," adds Tansey.
Farmers, ranchers and landowners interested in obtaining
biological control agents for weeds should contact the local
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development crop
specialist, municipal agricultural fieldman, Dr. Alec McClay at
the Alberta Research Council in Vegreville (403)632-8207, or
Jim Tansey (403)422-0885 and Dan Cole (403)422-0919, both
at Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Edmonton. Landowners with potential weed biocontrol
experimental sites or questions, can contact Dr. Rose
DeClerck-Floate at Agriculture and Agri-Foods Canada in
Lethbridge (403)327-4561.
The only stipulation to getting a biological control site is that
the release area should not be mowed, sprayed, burned,
cultivated or otherwise disturbed.
Contact: Jim Tansey Dan Cole
(403)422-0885 (403)422-0919
1998 Crop Protection With
Chemicals Guide
To meet pesticide, herbicide and other chemical treatment
needs for this year's crops, get the information needed to
make the best decisions. The Crop Protection With
Chemicals guide is produced each year to keep Alberta
farmers up to date with information on herbicides,
insecticides, fungicides and rodenticides.
"Commonly known as the Blue Book, the 1998 issue is easy to
use," says Shaffeek Ali, provincial weed specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's pest prevention
and regulatory unit and editor of the '98 guide. "It's the most
up-to-date guide of its kind and includes new pesticide
registrations, formulation changes, minor use registrations
and a complete guide to safety including protective clothing
and first aid."
Details on the latest registered mixes and mix restrictions,
application tips, expected results, storage and first aid
precautions are included in the guide along with a listing of
the weeds, diseases or pests controlled by each chemical.
Some of the new features in the '98 Blue Book are:
• a complete listing of pesticide container disposal sites with
contact names and telephone numbers;
• chemical group numbers are on the same page as the
chemical for quick reference for herbicide resistance
management;
• an improved chart on Group Classification by Modes of
Action;
• new pesticide registrations; and.
• minor use changes.
"The guide includes information on new chemicals, the latest
registered mixes, manufacturers application tips, expected
results, storage and first aid precautions," adds Ali.
"Even though it gets bigger each year, we have been able to
keep the cost down. It's still only $10, plus GST, a great value
that helps farmers protect their investments by helping them
choose the right way to chemically treat their crops."
Early identification of grass and broad-leaved weeds also saves
time and money. Alberta Agriculture's Weed Seedling Guide
($8 plus GST) helps farmers correctly identify weed seedlings,
the first step in taking appropriate action to deal with weeds.
The pocket sized guide contains information on 40 broad-
leaved weeds and 10 grasses. It's organized by cotyledon (seed
leaf) shape to make identification easier. The 49 illustrations
and 50 full-colour photos of weed seedlings and the glossary of
terms make this quick reference a publication farmers will
want to have on hand.
Cont d on page 9
January 12, 1998 -page 9
Professionals who work with herbicides will want to add Hou
Herbicides Work - Mechanisms of Action to their
reference resources ($25 plus GST). It's well-illustrated and
explains in technical detail how herbicides work.
This new publication provides the technical aspects and
information on how herbicides enter and move in plants, how
they break down in the plant and soil, how they are affected by
water quality and spray volume, and how the four major
herbicide groups control weeds.
These three publications are available at all Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development district offices or the
Publications Office at 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton, AB
T6H 5T6. Credit card orders can be placed by calling
1-800-292-5697. Shipping and handling cost per order is $2,
plus GST.
"Identification, advance planning and proper use are
important factors in protecting crops." says All. "Arming
yourself with the information you need is cost effective and it
makes good sense."
Contact Shaffeek Ali
(403)422-4909
Fibre hemp - how it measures
up in Alberta
In the past three years, there has been a renewed interest in
the production of fibre hemp {Cannabis saliva L) in Alberta.
Its potential and diversification caught the attention of many
Alberta producers and processors looking for crops that can be
expanded beyond traditional commodities.
"Since 1995. fibre hemp research plots have been planted in
Alberta." says Dr. Stan Blade, plant breeder and agronomist
with AJberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"Alberta producers were very interested in gaining province
specific data on fibre hemp, its growth rate, hardiness and
yield potential. Two test plots, licensed by the Health Protection
Branch of Health Canada, were managed by Alberta
Agriculture. Since the testing first began. Health Protection has
been looking at how commercial production of the crop could
be licensed in Canada. New regulations and production
guidelines should be finalized by Summer, 1998."
Fibre hemp is an annual herbaceous plant that flourishes in
temperate regions. All cultivars tested in Alberta are low-THC
cultivars. Canada has adopted the 0.3 per cent THC standard
established by the European Union as the concentration for
non-psychoactive strains suitable for legal fibre production.
Plant growth in Alberta is vigorous. Fibre hemp can reach
heights of up to nine metres (30 feet) but the usual average in
commercial production is two to four metres (6.5 to 12 feet).
Fibre hemp has been subjected to intensive breeding
programs in Europe attempting to increase baM fibre yield and
quality." savs Blade "The plant consists ol .i single mam stalk
with an external sheath of baM fibre and an interior core of
white, fibrous hurd The plant can be used for a wide urietv of
purposes including: rope-makjng. textiles, paper production
and construction materials Fibre hemp seed hxs been used as
a source of high qualitv oils for both industrial and edible
uses. Protein content of fibre hemp seed oil is 22 per cent,
which compares favorably to several legume oils "
Uses of fibre hemp are varied and numerous In 1907. a
$60,000 Ontario research grant was given to the Natural Order
Ltd to study which strain of hemp provides the most seed, the
highest qualitv oil and how the oil can be used by industry In
Britain, a commercial company uses the hurd as an animal
litter product and processes bast fibre into mats used for
bedding horses. Recent research programs have dedicated
over I S. $9 million to determine whether fibre hemp can be
used to develop a pulp and paper industry in the Netherlands
"Results from low-THC fibre hemp research in ll)95 and 1996
indicated the crop would grovy well in an AJberta environment
However, there was little understanding of how hemp cultiyars
would varv in their performance in different areas of Alberta."
adds Blade. "The experimental design was set up to evaluate a
range of cultivars in varying soil ty pes and growing conditions
Two plant densities were also used to. at the same time,
answer questions on whether seed production was a viable
alternative for the region."
Plots were planted in randomized complete block design, with
different cultivars and two planting densities The plots were
harvested when it was determined that the crop had no further
opportunity to develop due to frost or cold weather
"Data were collected on plant development, biomass
productivity and seed production." says Blade. "Height
measurements were taken throughout the growing season and
one metre samples were harvested from each plot at
physiological maturity, There was considerable variance in
plant growth between test plots. The results showed higher
productivity in the area where there were higher levels of
precipitation and extended periods of warm weather Total
biomass ranged between 8.92 and 17.32 tonnes ha
The harvested portions of the plants were bagged separately
and threshed Seed samples were sent to the University of
Manitoba for fatty acid, tocopherol and trienol composition
analysis.
"Results also showed that seed production was possible in the
province," says Blade. "Composition of seed samples from
four cultivars indicated an excellent saturated: unsaturated
fatty acid ratio."
Conl d on page It)
January 12, 1998 - page 10
The monounsaturated fats in fibre hemp seed oil is composed
primarily of oleic acid. Humans can manufacture their own
oleic acid and though not required in the diet, several studies
have show that dietary oleic acid can reduce blood plasma
cholesterol levels. The polyunsaturated fats are essential fatty
acids that cannot be produced by the human body. Their role
in reducing plasma cholesterol levels is well-documented. The
seed oil also contains useful compounds such as stearidonic
acid and high levels of tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma and
delta) as well as alpha tocotrienols. Tocopherols and other
compounds have been identified as anti-oxidants, which some
research has identified as anti-cancer compounds. The
presence of these tocopherols and alpha tocotrienols indicate
why the oil could be valued as an economic product.
"The 1997 low-THC hemp research trials provided useful
information in beginning to assess the potential of hemp as an
economic crop for producers in Alberta," says Blade. "It is also
clear that there's a great deal of variability in hemp cultivars,
and that the crop responds to agronomic manipulation. The
ecological conditions within regions also plays a significant
role in productivity."
Although questions still remain to be answered regarding this
crop, the collaboration of producers and Alberta Agriculture
staff has successfully initiated the development of a useful
empirical base to make decisions on the economic value of
hemp.
Contact: Dr. Stan Blade
(403)422-1789
Beekeeping in Alberta
Beekeeping in Alberta goes back to at least 1885 when the
Henderson family brought in a few hives of bees by train from
Ontario. Since then Alberta beekeeping has grown into a more
than $20 million dollar industry that provides employment for
many Albertans and an enjoyable hobby for many others. It
also provides pollination services for many important crops -
over 20,000 colonies are involved in the production of hybrid
canola seed and borage pollination is starting to become
important. Last and not least - the long days, favorable climatic
conditions and large acreages of nectar secreting plants let
Alberta beekeepers produce over 20 million pounds annually
of the best honey in the world.
"There are about 750 beekeepers in Alberta operating 175,000
colonies of bees," says Kenn Tuckey, provincial apiculturist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Edmonton. "But, this doesn't really give a clear idea of the
scale of this important aspect of agriculture in Alberta. In any
season about 150 Albertans who have beekeeping equipment
are without bees in their hives. Another 400 beekeepers are
hobbyists with less than 50 colonies. The next group is 125
sideline beekeepers with up to 600 colonies of bees. The last
group of 75 are the commercial beekeepers who make most
or all of their income from beekeeping."
The members of the commercial beekeepers group operate
from 600 to 10,000 colonies. Currently there is a modest
growth in the Alberta industry but most change is occurring as
older beekeepers sell their operations or pass them on to the
next generation. If they meet certain criteria, Alberta
beekeepers are eligible to participate in a honey crop
insurance program and the NISA (Net Income Stabilization
Account) and FIDP (Farm Income Disaster Program)
programs.
Alberta's 750 beekeepers are only about 7 per cent of the
1 1,000 beekeepers in Canada but they operate 33 per cent of
Canada's 520,000 colonies and produce about 33 per cent of
the average Canadian honey crop. Because beekeeping makes
such a good hobby, very populous provinces such as Quebec,
Ontario and British Columbia have large numbers of
beekeepers but relatively few colonies of bees.
"Beekeeping is relatively inexpensive to get into when
compared to some other forms of agriculture," adds Tuckey.
"A large beekeeping operation can be operated from 10 acres
of land or less. To be successful, a beekeeping operation must
be located in an area where there is large acreages of
blooming crops to provide nectar and pollen to the bees. The
major investment for a beekeeper is the hives that his bees
live in."
Beekeepers place their bee colonies in many small clusters or
bee yards throughout the surrounding countryside so a good
truck is also a necessity. Since honey is a food product, a
quality building is needed as a base of operations - for storage
of material and, more importantly, as a place to extract the
honey crop.
Unfortunately, there are not a lot of places to learn beekeeping.
Fairview College annually offers a course to train beekeeper
technicians or helpers. Many of Alberta's new beekeepers are
graduates of this program. In even numbered years Simon
Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia offers an
extensive course taught by people who already have at least
some experience with honey bees. From time to time
introductory beekeeping courses are offered by local extension
education groups.
"The Apiculture program of AJberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development offers assistance to prospective
beekeepers," says Tuckey. "The Alberta Beekeepers .Association
publishes a newsletter which provides information on a
monthly basis. The Association's annual convention in
November is also a good place to obtain up-to-date
information and local beekeepers associations are good places
to meet beekeepers and exchange information and ideas.
Cont 'd on page II
January 12, 1998 -page 11
However, the best way to learn beekeeping is to work hand in
hand, in the bee yard, with an experienced beekeeper."
Contact: Kenn Tuckey
(403)415-2314. Edmonton
e-mail: tuckey '(3 agric.gov.ab.ca
Doug Colter
(403)837-2211. Fabler
colter{(i agric.gov.ab.ca
Aquaculture - look what's been
done
In the spring of 1997, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development assumed full responsibility for aquaculture in
the province from Alberta Environmental Protection. Alberta
Agriculture is responsible for the administration of
aquaculture licencing, marketing, research, development and
technology transfer.
"A new aquaculture section was formed under Alberta
Agriculture's animal industry division." says Duncan Lloyd,
aquaculture section head with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. " The transfer is consistent with the
department's commitment to assist the growth and
development of this industry in the province."
The transfer will better address customer and industry needs,
facilitating their capabilities to compete, diversify, create value-
added products and contribute to rural development.
"It became imperative that the aquaculture section establish
itself quickly in order to assist the aquaculture industry," adds
Lloyd. "In 1997. staff licenced 86 commercial facilities and
2300 recreational fish farmers. A Research and Advisory
Committee was formed to gather industry and other stake-
holder input and form partnerships in potential new research
initiatives and value-added product development."
In 1997, w ork began on a new Aquaculture Bulletin that w ill
be published three times a year and will feature articles of
interest to the industry. Technical reference material and
books were purchased for the new Aquaculture library and are
available for loan to industry. In partnership with the
Lethbridge Community College, the first three of a nine-
module technical educational transfer program was developed.
To assist industry in preparation of risk assessments for the
introduction of new aquaculture species into the province, a
new procedures manual and process consistent withthe
National Policy was adopted. With input from industry, a five
year (1998-2003) Aquaculture Business Plan section was
prepared to address the specific responsibilities of: financing,
marketing, the development of research, extension/education,
disease surveillance, managing risk, staff development, and
protection of national resources.
"The main challenges facing Alberta's aquaculture industry is
sustainabihty both economic and environmental," says Lloyd
"To maintain profit, issues of water qualitv water access
effluent treatment, and disease control will be addressed in
1998 Use of water re-circulation technology allows fish to be
raised year-round in a controlled environment in almost am
location in Alberta ."
Industry growth will occur by working in partnership with the
Alberta Fish Farmers Association to significantly increase the
number and size of intensive aquaculture operations,
development of qualm aquatic recirculation systems, and
adding value to products through processing and other market
strategies.
Contact. Duncan Lloyd
(403)381-5539
AgraLoad provides tracking,
invoicing for grain industry
drain buyers and sellers in the western Canadian marketplace
can now take full advantage of credit, delivery, dispute, price
and basis risk protection through AgraLink Exchange Ltd The
company officially implemented the final components of its
exchange services on February 2. 1998.
"AgraLoad is the tracking system used by AgraLink that
provides counter-parties the ability to schedule and monitor
delivery, to track loading and unloading, and accurately record
weights. AgraLoad is like having your own grain transportation
system at your fingertips, complete w ith an unbiased dispute
resolution panel." says AgraLink president Sheldon Fulton.
"AgraLoad allows customers to manage their loads interactively
with their counter-party, w ith the risk protection of an
Exchange to backstop the delivery.
The facility is designed to eliminate the two major concerns
raised with anonymous electronic trading by ensuring the
credit-worthiness of the counter party (customers must meet
the financial criteria of the Exchange) and assuring the
performance of delivery and qualitv standards
"The financial clearing service includes the clearing of trades,
invoicing and payment process for all deliveries." savs Fulton
"All customers are required to go through the financial review
process and post margin accounts with the Exchange
AgraLink and its investors recentlv completed an agreement
with the TD Bank and Alberta Agriculture Financial Services
Corporation for a total S3 million backstop facility providing a
necessary reserve fund to the financial clearing component of
the Exchange.
Cunt d on page 12
January 12, 1998 - page 12
"The Exchange is a technological evolution in bringing buyer
and seller together efficiently and anonymously in the grain
industry," says marketing vice-president Greg Lore. 'AgraLink
provides measurable benefits through a system designed by its
customers. Industry participants told us they want real-time
price discovery and market information, lower marketing
costs, convenience, and better risk management services. The
advanced user-friendly technology delivers these needed
benefits to customers who must adapt to an increasingly
complex marketplace. Using technology that is already present
in the marketplace makes it easy for most anyone to access
and use AgraLink.
AgraLink customers currently include major grain companies,
livestock feeders, feed mills, hog operations and producers.
AgraLink provides real-time, cash market information and the
ability to transact via AgraLink's proprietary software and
secure Internet transmissions. The system combines proven
technology with the structure and discipline of formal
commodity exchanges, by providing real-time price discovery
for feed grains in western Canada (currently feed wheat,
barley, peas and milling oats).
"The result is performance through a cost-effective, secure
and open trading arena for Western Canadian agricultural
products," says Fulton. Anyone interested in viewing the grain
market, from feedlot and feed mill operations, to producers
and grain elevators, will find this service helpful."
A consortium of financial and industry leaders in agribusiness
backed the multi-million dollar AgraLink venture. Calgary
investors Manvest Inc., Dox Investments, AgriVest Capital
Corporation, and Trimac partnered to launch the AgraLink
Exchange system in January, 1997. AgraLink's new corporate
offices are located at Suite 200, 1055 - 20th Avenue, NW,
Calgary, Alberta.
Contact: Sheldon Fulton Greg Lore
(403)210-2144 (403)210-2144
http://u>wu>. agralink. ca
At the club level, 4-H'ers learn how to run a meeting. They
learn the responsibilities of executive and committee
positions, how to make motions and report on their activities.
As they Learn To Do By Doing through their club projects,
they appreciate the value of extra effort. Participating in events
from the local to international levels, 4-H'ers, recognize the
dynamics of competition.
The recent Measures of Success study looked at the impact of
the 4-H program in Canada on members, families and alumni.
It proved what industry leaders have noted for years: 4-H gives
youth the edge to compete in today's world. 4-H'ers gain
leadership skills, communication skills, decision-making and
financial management skills. They develop self-confidence and
self-esteem. They are prepared to become responsible citizens
active in their communities.
"All this is accomplished in a caring environment lead by
volunteer adult leaders. And the most important component is
fun for everyone - 4-H'ers, their families and leaders." adds
Sullivan. "The members plan their activities so there are many
opportunities to meet new people and begin lifetime
friendships."
4-H'ers stand out in their communities. They are active in
their schools, churches and youth groups. Former 4-H'ers are
well represented in boardrooms from the local agricultural
society to the corporations of the global marketplace.
Join 4-H today! Call (403) 422-4H4H or visit the Alberta 4-H
web site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/ruraldev/4hyindex.html
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 422-4H4H
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51512 7021
4-H - more than you ever
imagined
Spring is here and that means Alberta 4-H'ers are busy
working on their speeches for club, district and regional
speak-offs. To complete and get credit for the year, 4-H'ers
must take part in a communications activity.
"Alberta's 4-H program encourages the development and
growth of communications skills in all members. 4-H
communications activities vary from doing demonstrations,
chairing club meetings, voicing radio spots to competing in
public speaking competitions," says Carol Sullivan, provincial
4-H communications and marketing specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
Agri -News
CANADIANA
MA& 24 I99fl
March 23, 1998
Spring soil preparation
Perhaps nothing can influence the health of a planting,
whether it be a vegetable garden, flower bed or perennial
border, like good soil preparation. Poor soil is at the root of
many plant health problems.
There are some basic steps to follow when preparing soil.
First, invest in a soil test. A soil test is like a road map that tells
you where you are and where you want to go. It can determine
pH level, organic matter content, available nutrients and the
texture of soil.
"There are a couple of things to keep in mind when taking soil
samples," says Shelley Barkley. information officer at the Crop
Diversification Centre-South, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "Use clean tools to take the sample The
depth of the sample will depend on what is going to be grown
- for flower and vegetable gardens samples take surface
samples from the first six inches and the same number of
samples from six to 12 inches deep. It is not possible to test all
the soil in a garden, so take these random samples and mix
them in a clean pail for each soil depth.
"Taking three samples from flower beds less than 10 square
metres is usually sufficient. Increase the number of samples
by two sites per 10 sq. m in beds over 10 sq. m. To take a
sample with a shovel, remove one shovel hill to the proper
depth. Cut a clean soil slice about 1.5 cm thick from the hole
surface, trim away the soil on each side of the shovel so a 2.5
cm strip remains."
Immediately after taking samples, mix the soil in each
container well, then remove about 500 ml of soil and dry on a
clean piece of paper This step is vital! The nitrogen levels will
not be accurate if the soil has not been dried within 24 hours
of taking the sample. Soil testing is done by private labs all
over the province, check the yellow pages of the telephone
book.
"Perennial weeds can be a giant problem, especially in
perennial plantings like fruit crops or perennial plantings."
adds Barkley. "Before planting any of these perennial crops, a
systemic, non-residual, non-selective herbicide like glyphosate
will help to remove those stubborn weeds."
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Spring soil preparation
1
New livestock protection system in place
2
Rats — not for sale in Alberta
2
Alberta farms are becoming safer places
to grow
3
Mild, dry winter weather continues in February
3
FBMP calls for proposals
4
Money for STARS and the 4-H Foundation
4
Agronomic mapping
5
Briefs
6
AQXl-JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
AGRICULTURE. FOOO AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
March 23, 1998 -page 2
After applying the herbicide, wait 14 days to be sure the
vegetation is dead before roto-tilling. After working the soil up,
it's time to start adding the amendments. Organic matter is
critical to soil, improving physical, chemical and biological
properties. In clay soils, organic matter actually creates
structure, which increases the air space in soil and improves
water drainage. In sandy soils organic matter increases both
moisture and nutrient retention.
"Peat moss, leaf litter, animal and green manures, mushroom
compost and compost are all excellent forms of organic
matter," says Barkley. "Work the organic matter into the soil as
deeply as possible. This encourages plants to root deeply and
improves drought tolerance. Soil that can be worked with your
hands has sufficient organic matter. Manures can be used to
increase the soil nutrition, but an excess of animal manure
can increase soil salinity. The maximum rate of animal
manures is 100 kg for 10 sq. m (220 lbs/100 square feet)."
If the addition of fertilizer is indicated by the soil test, it can be
incorporated along with the organic matter.
Time spent preparing the soil is not as fun as time spent
choosing or even planting plants, but it is essential to the
establishment and continued health of plants.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403)362-1305
New livestock protection
system in place
The responsible and humane care of livestock in Alberta is the
mandate of the new Alberta Livestock Protection System
(ALPS). This innovative initiative is a partnership of Alberta
Agriculture Food and Rural Development (AAFRD), the Alberta
Foundation for Animal Care (AFAC), representing the livestock
industry, and the Alberta Society for the Prevention of the
Cruelty to Animals (Alberta SPCA), representing public
concern for animal welfare.
"The livestock industry is growing in Alberta and we must
show the public, by our actions, that the humane treatment of
the livestock in our care is a priority," says Ed Stelmach,
Minister of Alberta Agriculture. "ALPS is a pro-active initiative
and clearly demonstrates the industry's commitment to
animal care."
ALPS has been created in direct response to growing public
and producer concern for an effective, accountable and
coordinated province-wide program targeting animal care.
"This concern is even more important in view of the projected
expansion of livestock numbers in Alberta in the next decade,"
states Peter Schuld, chairman of AFAC. "Increasingly, animal
welfare is becoming a trade issue. We want to have a humane
treatment of farm animals system that places Alberta in a
leadership position, worldwide."
"Traditional animal welfare organizations, like the Alberta
SPCA, have a greater opportunity to protect and improve the
well-being of animals by working with AFAC and exemplary
producers of the livestock industry, not opposing them," says
Joy Ripley, president of the Alberta SPCA. "ALPS demonstrates
this positive approach. It meets the needs of farm animals, the
expectations of the producers and the public."
Alberta Agriculture is providing new funding of $480,000 for
each of three years for the coordinated programs of ALPS. The
fund is administered by a joint committee of Alberta SPCA,
AFAC board members and the provincial government. The four
program areas are:
• livestock care response and enforcement service - ensures
compliance with animal welfare legislation,
emphasizing enhanced preventative action by trained
resource people.
• data collection and benchmarking service - provides
information to objectively identify problems, track
improvement and successes and have accurate facts
to communicate.
• education and training - provides producers, handlers
and special constables the most current information
on animal handling methods.
• public awareness provides public information about
the responsible care and handling of farm animals.
Contact: Neil McDonald Susan Church
(403) 447-3600 (403) 932-8050
Ray Fenton
(403) 427-4615
Rats - not for sale in Alberta
An incident at a north eastern Alberta pet shop prompted
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development to remind
Albertans that pet rats of any kind are not allowed in Alberta.
"The manager of the pet shop selling young rats as pets,
believed they were legal for sale in Alberta," says John Bourne,
vertebrate pest specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "As it turned out, he was unaware that
possessing live rats in Alberta is illegal. The pet show supplier
was aware that rats are not allowed in Alberta and apologized
for the inadvertent shipment of rats to the pet shop. Five of the
six animals in question were recovered by municipal and
provincial authorities and the sixth had been used for snake
food."
The provincial rat control program began over 48 years ago.
The possession of live rats became illegal when rats were
officially placed on the 'agriculture pest' list. This law remains
unchanged today - No person shall keep, sell or purchase
Cont d on page 3
Hie rats unless he is in possession of a permit issued bv
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
This law applies to laboratory, pinto, hooded or collared rats
that are all derivations of the Norway rat The onlv exception to
this rule are specified institutions that keep rats for research
purposes such as universities, authorized bv the Department
to keep laboratory rats, that are really Norway rats.
The Department receives many inquiries each year from the
public about keeping rats in Alberta. Most inquiries involve
people moving to Alberta and wanting to bring their pet rat
with them. A few inquire about keeping rats to feed to their pet
reptiles or for school menageries or displays and other
assorted reasons.
"Rats are one of the most destructive pests known to man,"
says Bourne. "Throughout history, rats have ravaged mankind
from the earliest recordings of stored grain famines to the
infamous black death plague of the middle ages. In Canada,
rats cause millions of dollars of loss through structural
damage to farm buildings and other structures as well as the
consumption and contamination of grain, feed and foodstuffs.
Also, rats are carriers of many infectious diseases of livestock,
pets and humans. Rats are very prolific; a pair of rats can
produce over 10,000 offspring in less than two years."
The Department operates a well-developed rat-control
program that annually spends over a quarter of a million
dollars to keep rats out. The program has been very successful
and .Alberta is known world-wide for being rat-free. Several
articles and publications are written or televised annually on
the success of .Alberta's rat control program.
Contact: John Bourne
(403)853-8225
Alberta farms are becoming
safer places to grow
What month of the year is the most risky to work on a farm? If
you picked May, you're right - at least, as far as the new 1997
statistics indicate. Last year, there were 1,385 farm-related
injuries reported. That's down over 15 per cent from the 1,637
injuries reported in 1996.
"A majority of these injuries are cuts, bruises and broken
bones," says Solomon Kyeremanteng. farm safety program
manager, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"While the numbers are still less than stellar, they are most
certainly a step in the right direction."
In 1997, there were 17 fatalities on Alberta farms, down from
21 in 1996, a 20 per cent reduction. "Injuries on the farm
may not completely disappear," says Kyeremanteng, "But each
of those fatalities was preventable. Again, the figures are down
and that's a positive sign."
March 23, 1998 -page 3
For the second straight \ear. there were more ni|unes Irom
livestock H3 per cent) than in)iiries from machinery
(2l) per cent)
Other 1997 statistics gathered from Mberta hospitals reporting
to the Farm Accident Monitoring System include:
• over 50 per cent of livestock injuries involved the handling
of cattle,
• for machinery, tractors were involved in the most injuries,
followed by augers;
• fingers and thumbs were the body parts most often
injured;
• 18 to 34 year olds reported the highest number of injuries.
• 80 per cent of the injuries involved males; and.
• children accounted for over 1 4 per cent of total farm
related injuries.
Recently, a new CD-ROM called Lost on the Farm, a farm
safety adventure game, was distributed to rural elementary
schools across .Alberta. "Programs such as this will go a long
way in further reducing farm injuries in .Mberta." adds
Kyeremanteng.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng
(403) 427-2171
Mild, dry winter weather
continues in February
February had above normal temperatures and below normal
precipitation totals.
"February started with above normal temperatures the first
week," says Peter Dzikowski. agri-weather specialist with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "Warm
temperatures continued into the second week of February in
the Peace and central regions. Temperatures soared well above
normal in southern Alberta where daily maximum
temperatures reached 10 to 15 degrees C During the last two
weeks temperatures remained near to above normal."
The provincial average temperature was 4.8 degrees above the
1961 to 1990 average of -9 3 degrees C Most Alberta locations
reported monthly average temperatures 1.5 to 9 3 degrees
above normal.
"Except for the first two weeks in January, the 1997 98 winter
is shaping up to be one of the mildest on record," savs
Dzikowski. "November. December, the last half of January and
February had warm, dry conditions typical of what can be
expected in Alberta when El Nino occurs Februarv s
temperature departures from normal were similar to the
departure reported for December."
Omt d on page 4
March 23, 1998 - page 4
February's greatest temperature departures, about 4.5 to
9 3 degrees above normal, were reported in the northeast and
northwest regions.
Banff reported the smallest temperature departure, 1.6
degrees warmer than the monthly normal temperature of
-5.4 degrees.
The provincial average precipitation of 4.9 mm was 12 mm
below the 1961 to 1990 average of 16.9 mm. These averages
are based on data recorded at 48 Environment Canada climate
stations across Alberta.
"The Peace region was the wettest reporting only half of
February normal precipitation. Amounts of 4.4 to 20.6 mm, or
10 to 74 percent of normal were reported. All other regions
reported less that one third of normal February precipitation,"
adds Dzikowski.
You can find more details at the Ropin' The Web Internet site
at: http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/climate
You can find more information on typical El Nino conditions at
Environment Canada's Internet site at: http://
www.mb.ec.gc.ca:80/Nino/ENSO_English_top_page.html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403)427-3594
FBMP calls for proposals
The Canada/Alberta Farm Business Management Program
(FBMP) is accepting applications for projects. Activities
covered in this programming year can begin immediately and
run until March 30, 1999, anywhere in Alberta.
"All types of management programming is considered for
funding," says Anita Lunden, FBMP coordinator. "Funds are
available for classroom training and for distance delivery
training. Distance delivery includes everything from Internet
courses to cassette tapes a farm manager can listen to at home
or while working. Also considered for funding are research
projects from the private sector or from public sector
agencies."
Of special interest to FBMP are proposals that come from
producer groups. Several management clubs have been
funded in the past and are eligible again this year.
"It is encouraging when farm managers take control of what
they want to learn and come to us with a plan. Financial
support can make the plan a reality," says Lunden.
FBMP will also consider proposals from commodity groups, as
long as they contain a management focus.
"In the past, commodity groups' applications often dealt with
production issues," adds Lunden. "That is not our mandate. If
the group needs help with a project dealing directly with farm
business management, it will be considered carefully."
In order to be eligible for funding, projects must fall within
one of the four management priority areas of FBMP These
priority areas include: managing change and management
mind set; environmental and societal; marketing; or
technology and information transfer.
A complete package outlining the philosophy of FBMP and the
requirements for funding is available from Lunden's office,
call (403)556-4218 (dial 310-0000 first for toll free access).
Application forms can also be downloaded off the Internet. The
Internet address is
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/econoniic/mgmt
Potential applicants are urged to act quickly as funds are
limited.
Contact: Anita Lunden Aria Trueblood
(403)556-4218 (403)954-3745
Money for STARS and the
4-H Foundation
The last calf to sell at the upcoming Lakedell 4-H Beef
Achievement Day Show and Sale will be a special one. The
proceeds from it's sale will be donated to the Alberta Shock
Trauma Air Rescue Service Foundation (STARS) and the 4-H
Foundation of Alberta.
Donations for purchasing the calf came from Void Jones and
Void Auction, Lakedell Beef Symposium, Perry and Dalyce
Sunquist, and Fred and Carolyn Gainer. Neil and Joan Stone
donated the hay. Insurance on the calf was sponsored by
Cooperators and the feed came from Calmar Feeds. The calf is
being cared for by the Gist family.
"4-H members decided to sell the calf at the end of the sale
because, in the past, that calf has brought in the most money,"
says Janet Stone, leader, Lakedell 4-H Beef Club. "Our
members are frequent visitors to the Alberta 4-H Centre at
Battle Lake and we'd like to help out the 4-H Foundation of
Alberta with their wish list."
"STARS was chosen as the other recipient of the proceeds
because of the important service it offers rural Albertans in
times of need," adds Stone.
STARS is a non-profit, volunteer-supported organization that
provides emergency helicopter ambulance service at no cost to
the patient. STARS is designed to work with existing emergency
services in rural communities. Critically ill patients and those
with life-threatening injuries are cared for and flown from
outlying areas of southern and north-central Alberta to urban
hospitals with more extensive treatment facilities. Over
90 per cent of Alberta's population can be reached by STARS
helicopters and medical personnel.
Cont d on page 5
The crews consist of a pilot, a co-pilot, a critical care nurse
and a paramedic. This team is on standby 1-i hours a day A
specialty physician is also available when needed. As a result,
STARS can respond within 10 minutes of being dispatched.
Since 1985, STARS has flown over 5.000 missions. Many are to
accident scenes, including motor vehicle, industrial and
agricultural accidents. It also transfers patients in need of
higher levels of medical care from rural to urban hospitals.
These patients could be suffering medical conditions such as
cardiac difficulties or be accident victims previously taken to
rural hospitals. The STARS helicopters are also capable of
carrying transport incubators for premature infants in
distress.
"STARS, appreciates being the charity of choice for several
Alberta 4-H clubs over the past couple of years," says Chris
Maxwell, volunteer coordinator with STARS. "We're impressed
with the philanthropic character of 4-H'ers. These young
Albertans deserve recognition for their efforts to help others."
The Lakedell 4-H Beef Club show and sale will be held
Saturday, April 18, 1998 at the Lakedell Recreation Complex
('/> mile south on Lakedell Centre Road, Westerose). The show
starts at 9:30 am with the sale beginning at 3 00 pm.
Contact: Carol Sullivan Janet Stone
(403H22-4H4H (403)586-2363
Agronomic mapping
Precision farming technology is the fastest growing area of
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. Over 17,000
combine yield monitors have been sold in North America since
1994, with over 165 of them in Alberta. Seed equipment
manufacturers are offering variable rate fertilizer and seed
options for site specific application. The alternative to
uniformly applied inputs is managing each area in a field
according to its unique weeds or soils characteristics. GPS has
given farmers the ability to precisely locate a field area and
apply inputs to specific areas.
"Soil types, weed populations, micro-climates and yield vary
across fields." says Ty Faechner. crop specialist - cereals and
oilseeds, with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Current agronomic practices involve uniform
application of inputs to whole fields despite variability. A
Farming for the Future project investigated weed mapping,
soil compaction mapping and demonstrated various GPS tools
that are applicable."
March 23, 1998 -page 5
Linear scouting for Canada thistle ga\e the best results for
mapping weed infestations Cereal, oilseed and pulse crops
near Spruce Grove, Leduc and Olds were mapped for Canada
thistle using an ATY (all-terrain vehicle) mounted with
differential GPS A quarter section (160 acres) field can be
mapped in two hours with an ATA speed of 25 kph Tagged
weeds need to be visible within the crop canopy to afford
reliable control Fields were mapped at the six to seven leaf
stage of the cereals, flowering stage (8-10 nodes) of peas and
the pre-bolting stage of canola No crop damage due to wheel
tracks was observed after three to four days.
"Penetration resistance was measured using a manually
operated recording penetrometer and geographic locations
were recorded at these locations." adds Faechner. " Mapping
soil penetration resistance was inconclusive regarding
placement of soil remediation practices such as deep ripping
and lime application However, a clearer picture of how soil
penetration varies across topography and landscape was
obtained when used in conjunction with yield maps."
Penetration resistance measurements hold some promise for
the delineation of landform areas within a field With temporal
and spatial variation of penetration resistance, it was suggested
measurements need to be recorded at various times
throughout the growing season
Contact: Ty Faechner Roger Andreiuk
(403)963-6101 (403)986-8985
March 23, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library ol Canada
Bibliotheque natipnale du Canada
3 3286 51512 6437
New beef specialist in Olds
Jeff Millang has joined Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development as the new beef specialist in Olds. Millang was
raised on a purebred Charolais farm in the Camrose area. He
graduated from the U of A in 1987 and worked seven years as
district agriculturist in Three Hills and Coronation. For the
past three years, Millang was the farm management specialist
at Stettler. He has been involved with several applied research
project over the years and his expertise and experience in beef
production, marketing and farm finance will benefit beef
producers in the Olds area. Special interests include using
computer and Internet technology and helping farmers use
these new technologies as tools in their businesses. "I'm
looking forward to working with producers in nutrition,
production management, facilities, costs of production,
genetics and production records and analysis," says Millang.
He can be reached at the Olds district office (403)556-4220.
Scholarship for agriculture or home economics extension
The David Butchart Pope Scholarship was established for the
encouragement and assistance of young people from Alberta
farms to attend extension courses in agriculture or home
economics study at the U of A. Preference is given to members
or former members of boy's and girl's clubs (4-H) for farm
children. The scholarship was established by a bequest to the
U of A by David Anderson Pope in memory of his son David
Butchart Pope. Applications are invited from young men and
women from Alberta farms. The David Butchart Pope
Scholarship award is an amount equal to the total cost of
course tuition for extension course in the Faculty of Extension,
transportation and accommodation, up to a maximum of
$500. Further information and an application form are
available on the U of A extension Internet site at:
http://www.extension.ualberta.ca/erm/dbp_forni.html
Livestock care conference
The Alberta Foundation for Animal Care is coordinating the
Livestock Care Conference '98 - industry growth and animal
welfare. The conference is being held at the Crossroads Hotel
in Calgary on March 27, 1998. Topics covered include: animal
welfare and agriculture, livestock transportation, impact of
consumer demands and activists' threats, and preparing for
the future. The day's activities also includes a question and
answer session where attendees can ask questions of the
conference speakers. Registration is $75 (includes GST). For
further information, contact the AFAC at (403)932-8050;
fax (403)932-8052 or e-mail afac@cadvision.com
Organic producers workshop
The Alberta #1 Chapter of the Organic Crop Improvement
Association (OCIA) is sponsoring a workshop for organic
producers and those interested in becoming certified organic
producers on April 18, 1998 at the Legion Hall in Stony Plain.
The workshop will deal with topics of certification process, the
audit (paper) trail, inspector requirements, post inspection
needs, soil balancing, weed and insect control and changing
the farming philosophy. Presentations by workshop speakers
Irene Mihailuk, Chapter secretary, and Dave LePine B.Sc,
farm training specialist and member of the Certification
Committee, will emphasize new procedures. Registration fee is
$20 per person. For further information, contact Don Wagner,
president OCIA Alberta #1, (403)892-3018, Darwell, or Irene
Mihailuk (403)675-5478.
Agri -News
March 30,1998
Another hemp symposium
planned
A low-THC hemp symposium, held in Red Deer on .March 10.
attracted 220 Albertans. The symposium sold out quickly and
several people wanting to attend were disappointed that
registration filled. Based on the enthusiasm and interest of
possible Alberta producers, a second Low-THC Hemp
Symposium is scheduled for April 8 at Edmonton Northlands
AgriCom.
"In the past three years, there has been a renewed interest in
the production of fibre hemp {Cannibis saliva L.) in Alberta,"
says Dr. Stan Blade, plant breeder agronomist. Crop
Diversification Centre - North. Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. "There is a great deal of interest and
speculation in the crop's potential. Expansion beyond
traditional crop commodities makes good sense in the global
market. Since 1995. fibre hemp research plots were grown in
various parts of Alberta to evaluate the potential of this crop
for both seed and fibre production."
This research shows that fibre hemp can be successfully grown
in western Canada. The crop responds to good soil and good
agronomic practices including proper fertilizing and weed
control
"Various potential uses for low-THC hemp and possible
markets were discussed at the symposium." says Blade. "The
crop hasn't been grown in Canada for 60 years, and in that
time, other fibre crops have replaced fibre hemp for most
uses. The major uses for fibre hemp are textile, paper-making,
hemp fibre board and the potential of hempseed oil.
"We have observed good seed production at some of our
research plots in Alberta, and we have several companies in
the province capable of pressing this oil. which is high in
unsaturated fats and anti-oxidants. The potential for both oil
and fiber will be pursued at the Edmonton symposium."
Textiles from fiber hemp are currently available in Alberta The
question is whether local production of these textiles can
compete with imported products. The cost of developing a
fiber processing mdustrv is high Markets must be developed
and the cost of hemp fiber for commercial use must be kept
competitive with other fiber crops (cotton, flax and cereals).
"There are still many production questions that need to be
answered before commercial production can be optimized."
adds Blade. "The changes in regulations that allow producers
to grow low-THC hemp is just a first step."
Conl d on pQge 2
This Week
Another hemp symposium planned
1
A look at the Crop Diversification Centre
- South 2
Alberta 's warm, dry, El Nino winter
2
Pigs and public health
3
Animal health lab routine services
being privatized
4
U. S. trade
4
Briefs
6
ASXi"JVGWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
March 30, 1998 - page 2
For further information about the Low-THC Hemp
Symposium in Edmonton, contact Wayne Goruk, program
development coordinator with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, (403)427-3122.
Contact: Dr. Stan Blade
(403)422-1789
A look at the Crop
Diversification Centre - South
The Crop Diversification Centre South (CDCS), operated by
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, has a long
partnership with agriculture in the province. In 1935, it was
known as the Provincial Horticultural Station. It continues to
represent the diversifying nature of the business of agriculture.
"Over the years the Centre s role has changed significantly,
says Shelley Barkley, information officer at CDCS.
"Demonstration of horticulture crops is still important,
however, the Centre's main role is supporting the commercial
horticulture and special crops industry in Alberta through
applied research projects and information services."
.Alberta's horticulture and special crops industries are fast
growing sectors in agriculture. Farm gate values are estimated
between 350 and 400 million dollars, not to mention a
substantial value-added processing sector. Horticulture is
generally divided into: fruit crops (strawberries, raspberries,
Saskatoons and chokecherries), greenhouse crops (vegetables,
cut and potted flowers, bedding plants and tree seedlings),
nursery crops (trees, shrubs and sod), potatoes (processing
for french fries and potato chips, seed and table stock) and
vegetables (vegetables for processing, market gardens and
fresh market). Special crops include: dry beans, sugar beets,
field peas, lentils, herbs and spices, mints, hemp, ginseng and
grass seed.
"Much of the applied research program that the Centre
conducts is related to improving production methods for all
these crops and includes variety evaluation, weed control,
plant disease management and irrigation management," says
Barkley. "Staff at the Centre work directly with producers and
producer organizations, part of the crop diversification
mandate. "During it's history, the Centre has been actively
involved in the introduction of a number of new crops or crop
types to Alberta. Recent examples include; greenhouse
peppers, day-neutral strawberries, Saskatoons, essential oil
crops and amenity grass seed. Staff have also been involved
with projects related to shipping fresh vegetables to Japan,
improving the quality of pre-peeled vegetable products and the
development of cottage-scale processing.
The Centre is currently co-ordinating a provincial Dutch Elm
Disease (DED) prevention program. Alberta is free of DED,
however, neighbours to the south and east have the disease
and statistics indicate that it is naturally spreading in Alberta's
direction. The most important message concerning DED is do
not bring firewood into Alberta.
"The Centre has a wealth of knowledge about horticulture and
special crops," adds Barkley. "This knowledge is there to be
used by the producers, processors, the agricultural service
industry and the public. The Centre produces a number of
newsletters that are distributed to specific commodity groups.
Commodity-based field days are held on a regular basis and
are advertised to producers. For Internet users, horticulture
and special crops information is available on Alberta
Agriculture's website: www.agric.gov.ab.ca"
CDCS encourages visitors to the grounds and demonstration
gardens, open during daylight hours throughout the year.
Visitors can inspect the Golden Prairie Arboretum, a collection
of over 500 species of trees and shrubs, all labeled. A rose
garden provides a sensational experience. Visitors will also see
collections of perennials and annual flowers. A visit to CDCS
provides an opportunity to see the most promising new annual
flower varieties in [he All America Test Garden. See first-hand
mature size of many trees and shrubs, always useful when
deciding what to plant in a particular spot.
Guided tours of research plots are available Monday through
Friday 9:00 am to 3:00 pm, except holidays. Tours are by
appointment only, arrangements can be made by calling
(403)362-1305.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403)362-1305
Alberta's warm, dry, El Nino
winter
The 1997/98 winter is shaping up to be one of the warmest
and driest on record. The provincial average temperature for
November 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998 was 2.9 degrees
warmer than normal. The provincial average precipitation total
for the same period was 36.6 mm, 45 per cent of normal.
"This winter has been the exact opposite of last winter," says
Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with AJberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "In 1996-97,
Alberta experienced temperatures well below normal and
above normal precipitation.
"The unique aspect of this winter is that the warm, dry
conditions were province-wide and persisted for three and a
half of the four winter months. November, December, the last
half of January and February had warm, dry conditions typical
of what can be expected in Alberta when El Nino occurs. The
only cold, snowy weather reported occurred in the first half of
January."
Cont 'd on page 3
In November, monthly average temperatures ranged from one
to four degrees above normal. The averages are based on data
recorded at 45 Environment Canada climate stations across
Alberta.
"December was the wannest and driest on record for several
Alberta locations." says D/.ikowski "Most Alberta locations
reported monthly average temperatures ranging from four to
12 degrees above normal."
Cold Arctic air dominated the weather the first half of January
with daily minimum temperatures reaching -25 to -40 C most
nights. Temperatures returned to near normal values the third
week of January. The month ended w ith a return to above
normal temperatures
Warm, dry conditions continued in Februarv as temperatures
soared well above normal in southern Alberta where daily
maximum temperatures reached 10 to 15 degrees C. During
the last rwo weeks temperatures remained near to above
normal.
"Precipitation totals for the four months November to
February, add up to only 18 per cent of the annual total
precipitation in Alberta. But, keep in mind that winter is our
dry season." adds D/ikowski.
You can find more details on Alberta Agriculture's website at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca climate
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403)427-3594
Pigs and public health
Human infection from pig parasites is uncommon in Canada,
even among pig producers With our current production
systems, the general public is not likely to be exposed to or
become infected by any diseases of pigs. However, handling
pigs or pig manure without exercising adequate hygiene or
drinking untreated surface water might expose people to some
risk of illness.
"A public risk can exist if pig manure is not handled and
disposed of properly, and surface or groundwater
contamination occurs,'- says Dr. Julia Keenliside DVM,
provincial swine veterinarian with Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development "The guidelines set for the handling
of pig manure and for intensive livestock operations in Alberta
were specifically designed to guard against occurrences that
could lead to contamination of groundwater."
Some of the concern has been over parasites, such as giardia
and Cryptosporidium entering the water supply, and from
exposure to eggs of the pig roundworm when manure is
spread on the land.
March 30, 1998 -page 3
Pig roundworm {/Lscuris suum) - this parasite can infect
humans when infected pig manure is handled without taking
sanitarv precautions Mich as hand washing In Canada. ca.se s
have occurred when toddlers handled pig manure in gardens
so caution should be exercised when exposing children to
infected manure Infection may produce no symptoms but can
sometimes cause illness The human immune system
generally prevents eggs from developing, however, ingestion of
a large number of eggs will cause infection Pig roundworm
infection is very rarely reported in Canada, even in people who
routinely handle pigs and manure The worm is easily
controlled on the farm through medication and roughly 70 per
cent of the pigs marketed in Alberta are free from this parasite
Giardia (Beaver Fever) - this parasite is common in livestock,
wildlife and pets and is found even in pristine watersheds.
Giardia can cause diarrhea and illness in humans, which can
last several days or weeks. Outbreaks are caused by
breakdowns in water treatment facilities or sewage
contamination of the water supply Direct transmission from
livestock to humans has not been proven, so livestock's role in
human infection is unclear.
Cryptosporidium (Crypto) - is common in livestock, wildlife
and pets. It can cause diarrhea and illness lasting several davs
to weeks. Outbreaks are associated with fecal contamination of
drinking water, often human sewage. Sometimes it's difficult
to determine the source of contamination, and livestock
contamination has been suspected as a source. Because pigs
are usually housed indoors and manure is contained, they
represent less risk of watershed contamination than livestock
that is allowed direct access to streams and rivers. Evidence
shows that strains of Crvpto from livestock can infect humans
While the Cnpto parasite is very small, it can normallv be
filtered out by municipal water-filtration systems. Concerns
arise when contaminant loads become very high, which may
allow crypto to get through the water treatment process.
"While these parasites can infect humans, the risk from pigs
must be kept in perspective." adds Keenliside "Those at
highest risk, the people working inside pig units and
veterinarians, rarely report illness from these parasites.
"Everyone should be aware that household pets also harbor
similar parasites, including roundworms, giardia and Crvpto
All ty pes of feces, w hether from pets, livestock or w ildlife
present risk and should be handled hygienical!) to prevent
illness."
Contact: Dr Julia Keenliside. DVM
(403)42. -4614
March 30, 1998 - page 4
Animal health lab routine
services being privatized
The role of the Animal Health Laboratories (AHL) branch of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development is changing.
For 58 years the labs have accepted animal submissions for
routine post-mortem examination. This is one of the services
to the livestock industry that has changed in recent years.
"New international trade agreements have increased demands
to provide information about the health status of all animals in
the province," says Dr. Cornelia Kreplin, manager of the AHL
branch. "The focus of the branch is changing to produce
information that is needed more and more to sustain
domestic and international market access and to support
improved competitiveness of livestock and livestock products."
Several other trends in Alberta livestock industries contributed
to the decision of the AHL's move toward becoming a
surveillance organization. These include a change in the focus
of private veterinary practice in the province. Many
veterinarians in Alberta have developed specialized knowledge
in livestock groups, such as feedlot animals, cow/calf, dairy
and swine. In addition, there has been a substantial growth in
the number of private veterinary diagnostic labs in the
province.
"The private sector in .Alberta can now provide the majority of
routine veterinary diagnostic services," says Kreplin. "The
examination of portions of animals and animal fetuses was
handed over to private labs in November, 1996. Starting April
I, 1998, all animals for routine post-mortem examination will
no longer be accepted by government labs. Routine post-
mortem will be carried out by private practice veterinarians
with support from private veterinary diagnostic labs."
Provincial AHLs will continue to ensure all essential veterinary
diagnostic services are available to Alberta's livestock
producers and veterinarians. Staff in all four locations will be
available to answer questions, provide assistance with post
mortems in difficult cases and continue to perform testing not
available in private laboratories.
"As of April 1, government labs will focus resources and
activities on surveillance of key livestock diseases such as
Salmonellosis, Johne's disease and Porcine Reproductive and
Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)," adds Kreplin. "Diseases such
as these have the potential to limit production efficiency and
become a barrier to trade. They are considered important on a
provincial level. Provincial labs will also pursue the
development and application of new tests to establish the
incidence and distribution of specific diseases within the
province."
For further information regarding animal health lab services,
contact:
Dr. Cornelia Kreplin Edmonton (403)427-6406
Dr. Mary Vanderkop Lethbridge lab (403)381-5190
Dr. Jim Henderson Fairview lab (403)835-2238
Dr. Jim Hanson Edmonton lab (403)422-1923
Dr. Jane Pritchard Airdrie lab (403)948-8575
Contact: Dr. Cornelia Kreplin
(403)427-6406
U.S. trade
Often, members of the Government of .Alberta, including those
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, talk
about tremendous market opportunities overseas. Alberta has
a lot to offer places such as Japan and China, and those
countries can offer many things in return. It's certainly not a
market to ignore. But while forging this relationship, we must
not forget about the United States - Alberta's number one
trading partner.
In 1997, Alberta exported $5 billion worth of agri-food
products, almost half of which ($2.44 billion) were shipped to
the United States. The majority of exports are shipped
throughout the Pacific Northwest, including Idaho, Montana,
Oregon, Washington and .Alaska.
"The Pacific Northwest has also become an important
springboard for Alberta products being shipped to Asia and the
Russian Far East." says Ed Stelmach, Minister of Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Numerous Asian
and Russian trading companies based in Seattle and Portland
are purchasing from Alberta for these markets. Increased
purchasing and increased exports translate into an increase in
jobs.
"When such a huge trade relationship exists, it stands to
reason that there are going to be a few irritants here and there.
Agriculture and food tend to have particular sensitivities and in
this case more so. as the majority of trade is competitive
rather than complementary. There's no question that it's in
the best interest of both the U. S. and Canada to clear the air of
irritants whether they deal with the import and export of sugar,
potatoes, wheat, barley, hogs, cattle and, of course, dairy and
poultry. Recognizing the importance of market access and
exports to our growing agriculture and food industry, Alberta
has been, and will continue to urge the federal government to
negotiate a comprehensive free trade agreement with the U.
S.in order to avoid these irritants, and more importantly, to
facilitate the growing trade of agriculture. Of course, such an
agreement will have to consider appropriate mechanisms and
time lines for adjustment on both sides of the border."
"It doesn't hurt to let the Americans know how the
Cont d on page 5
Government of Alberta feels about trade issues and that we
don't have to follow the beat of our drummer, which in this
case, is the federal government," continues Stelmach, "In late
February, I visited Washington. D C While there, I had a
chance to talk with a number of people directly involved in
trade initiatives such as the World Trade Organization (WTO),
Asia-Pacific Economic Conference (APEC) and the North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
T covered a wide range of issues with Senators and
Congressmen and Administration officials. We had excellent
exchanges, particularly when talking about the Canadian
Wheat Board (CW B) and grain trade issues. The Americans are
determined, it would seem, to make the CW B a trade
negotiations issue. My message in Washington was that Alberta
is committed to free trade and favors a comprehensive
approach to trade negotiations in agriculture and food. The
support received was quite positive. I frequently took the
opportunity to explain Alberta's fiscal disciplines and its results
along with our policy of reduced government intervention in
agriculture and the economy in general. All in all, our
American friends were well briefed on Alberta's economy and
stature within Canada. The reception we received throughout
our stay bodes well for future talks with influential people in
Washington."
For more information about U. S. trade or other issues,
contact Mr. Stelmach s constituency office (403)632-6840 or
Edmonton office (^03)427-2137. A toll-free call can be made
by dialing 310-0000 then the seven-digit number.
Contact: Ron Glen
(403)427-2137
March 30, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51512 6551
A list of Alberta's Farmers' Markets
The new 1998 Alberta Farmers' Markets guide is now available.
The guide lists 100 Farmers' Markets that are open weekly
throughout the province. While days and hours of operation
differ, Farmers' Markets have many things in common. At the
markets, a variety of Alberta-grown agricultural products, such
as vegetables, fruits, eggs and meats can be found. Many
markets feature Alberta-processed jams, jellies and relishes as
well as baked items and international specialties. Handcrafted
items, made by Albertan crafters, can also be found. The guide
is available, free of charge, at all Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development offices. For further information about
Alberta's Farmers' Markets, contact Simone Demers-Colins at
(403)422-1789 or e-mail: demers(«>agric.gov.ab.ca
Nutrient requirements of swine
international satellite symposium
The National Research Council's (NRC) 10th edition of the
Nutrient Requirements of Swine will be released via an
international satellite symposium originating at Iowa State
University, April 14 and 15, 1998. The program is targeted
toward professionals in swine production. Authors of the 10th
edition will evaluate nutrient requirements for growth and
reproduction; mineral, vitamin and water requirements; and,
minimizing nutrient excretion. This edition includes the NRC
book plus a Windows'" software package to help estimate
nutrient requirements for all stages of production. In addition
to eight hours of satellite time, downlink site programs will use
case studies to familiarize attendees with the software. The
Alberta Pork Research Centre will host a downlink site at the
University of Alberta. This site is one of 25 sites across North
.America. Pre-registration for the two-day symposium is $150
(plus GST). Continuing education credits have been approved
for members of the Alberta Veterinary Medical .Association.
Participants are encouraged to bring a laptop computer. For
information on attending the International Symposium on
the Nutrient Requirements of Swine at the University of
Alberta, contact Michelle Follensbee (403-415-0828);
fax (403-427-1057).
A forum for sharing
The National Agriculture Awareness conference - A Forum
For Sharing, is scheduled for April 5 to 7, 1998 at the Best
Western Village Park Inn, Calgary. The conference is
coordinated by the Alberta Agriculture in the Classroom
program in partnership with the Alberta Agriculture Education
Network, Canadian Federation of Agriculture and Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada. This series of workshops and sharing
sessions present a unique opportunity for sharing ideas,
materials and resources. Registration is $200 per person. For
further information, contact Donna-Rae Coatta at
(403)427-2171.
Food Processor's Federation of
Northeast Alberta
An open-house to showcase a profile of the proposed shared-
use food processing facility and present a project update is
planned for April 6, 1998. The Food Processor's Federation of
Northeast Alberta have arranged for the reception to begin at
6:30 p.m. at the multi-purpose room of the Recreation Centre
in St. Paul. The Federation is a not-for-profit corporation
comprised of northeast area agricultural producers, food
processors and other interested entrepreneurs. The goal is to
establish a shared-use, federally inspected, food processing
facility in northeastern Alberta. The open-house for area
residents is an opportunity to discover what this project could
mean to the area and the benefits that may be realized from it.
For more information and to confirm attendance, contact
Morley Kjargaard at (403)645-6301. Government numbers are
toll free by dialing 310-0000 first.
APfl 8
April 6,1998
Irrigation Act-
recommendations for change
On March 9th, the Standing Policy Committee on Agriculture
and the Environment approved the final report and
recommendations of the Irrigation Act Review Committee.
Last June, Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development appointed MLAs Glen Clegg, Ron Stevens
and Ron Hierath to an MLA review committee to examine the
province's legislation governing irrigation in the 1 3 irrigation
districts in southern Alberta. This Act, proclaimed in 1968,
established the rules and procedures for the orderly
formation, operation and dissolution of the districts.
"The Irrigation Act needed to be reviewed as part of the Klein
government's commitment to assess all legislation by 1998,"
says Stelmach. "The legislation is almost 30 years old and a lot
has changed in the irrigation community since 1968."
Public meetings were held in Taber, Picture Butte and Brooks
last July. From these meetings and written submissions, the
review committee got a sense for what the issues or concerns
were with the current legislation. Based on this input, the)
developed a draft report and policy recommendations. The
draft report was mailed to everyone who had participated in
the process or requested a copy.
In November, the review committee met with the Alberta
Irrigation Projects Association, representatives of the districts
and Irrigation Council. They also received 17 written
submissions in response to the draft report. The final report
and recommendations of the committee were based on the
feedback received.
Some of the changes recommended by the review committee
are:
• The new Act. named the Irrigation Districts Act, signifies
that it governs irrigation within districts. Alberta
Environmental Protection also licenses over a quarter
million acres of private irrigation outside the districts, to
which the legislation doesn't apply;
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Irrigation Act - recommendations for change
1
Leaf and berry spot disease of Saskatoon berries 2
Volunteers - the heart of 4-H
Does El Nino mean drought in Alberta ? 3
Free & Easy helps teachers spin
information webs 3
Mineral nutrition for beef cows
Briefs
Affi-News
Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
April 6, 1998 -page 2
• The role of Irrigation Council will change. Rather than
approving many of the day to day activities of the district
boards, the Council will monitor the operation of the
districts, the maintenance and condition of the irrigation
works and the financial performance of the districts, based
on annual reports submitted by the districts. Council will
also hear all appeals, except those involving compensation,
which will go before the Land Compensation Board;
• Water rates to non-irrigators will be appealable;
• Irrigators will be allowed to move water entitlements
between their own parcels of land, on an annual basis. This
will enable them to rotate crops which cannot be grown on
the same land two years in a row, due to risk of disease or
pests;
• If the Boards wish, they can now appoint members who are
not irrigation farmers;
• Boards will have a means of taking action if a water user is
wasting water; and,
• Boards will be required to submit five-year seepage control
plans and update them at least every three years. Priority
will be given to addressing seepage on non-irrigated lands
and landowners will be able to appeal the plans for their
district.
The final report is being mailed to everyone who received a
copy of the draft, and those who have asked to be put on the
mailing list. To receive a copy, contact Len Fullen, project
manager, Policy Secretariat, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, 7000 - 113 Street, Edmonton, AB
T6H 5T6, phone (403)422-2070, fax (403)422-6540 or
e-mail fullen@agric.gov.ab.ca
A draft bill is being tabled during the current sitting of the
Alberta Legislature. The draft legislation will be available in
early summer for review and comment. New legislation is
expected to be enacted during the 1999 spring sitting of the
Legislature.
Contact: Len Fullen
(403)422-2070
Leaf and berry spot disease of
Saskatoon berries
Since 1990, the Saskatoon berry industry has been seriously
threatened by a leaf and berry spot disease caused by a fungal
pathogen, Entomosporium mespili. Known also as
Entomosporium disease, it causes yellowing and ultimately
pre-mature falling of leaves and spotting, cracking, and
deformation of fruit.
"Saskatoon berry is becoming an important fruit crop for the
Canadian Prairies. The acreage devoted to the crop is
increasing annually," says Dr. Piara Bains, plant pathologist at
the Crop Diversification Centre - North (CDCN), Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Edmonton.
"Entomosporium's effect on the fruit's appearance can cause
marketing problems for Alberta growers. Saskatoons are
handpicked and sold via the "U-Pick" marketing system, for
which an aesthetically pleasing product is an important
requirement. Alternatively, the fruit is mechanically harvested
for processing into pie fillings, jams, jellies and syrups.
Commercial food processors, who are the major purchasers of
the mechanically harvested saskatoon, also require an assured
supply of high quality fruit."
Entomosporium disease flourishes under wet conditions.
Cultural operations that increase air movement through the
orchard will help to reduce the disease. Research conducted at
CDCN, has resulted in the registration of Topas 250E
(propiconazole) and Kumulus DF (sulphur) to control leaf
and berry spot disease of Saskatoon. Topas, a systemic
fungicide, is registered for a maximum of three sprays at white
tip, petal drop and green fruit stage, and with a 38 day
pre-harvest interval. Kumulus, a contact fungicide, has a pre-
harvest interval of one day.
"Early Topas applications will keep the pathogen population in
check and inhibit the spread of the disease," says Bains. "If
weather conditions are very favorable for disease development,
after the final Topas spray, Kumulus can be applied to control
the disease. Use of a systemic and a contact fungicide
combination is an effective way to control the disease and
reduce the development of resistance in pathogens to
fungicides. Always apply fungicides according to the label
instructions."
Different Saskatoon berry cultivars have varying levels of field
susceptibility to natural infection by E. mespili. Disease
observations taken at CDCN indicate that overall, Parkhill,
Success, and Thiessen were comparatively less susceptible
than Forestburg, Honeywood, Northline, Pearson, Pembina,
Regent and Smoky.
Contact: Dr. Piara Bains
(403) 415-2302
Volunteers - the heart of 4-H
National Volunteer Week in Canada, April 19 - 25, 1998, is
dedicated to volunteers of every kind. It is held to recognize
the valuable and significant contributions volunteers make to
our society.
"Volunteers are the heart of Alberta's 4-H program," says
Mahlon Weir, head of the 4-H Branch, Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development (AAFRD). More than 2800
leaders donate time and expertise to 4-H in the province. They
encourage young Albertans to Learn To do By Doing through
club projects, communication and leadership activities."
Cont 'd on page 3
4-H members and their families, together with the 4-H
Branch, the Alberta 4-H Council and the 4-H Foundation of
Alberta, salute 4-H leaders and community supporters for
their dedication. "The extent to which our volunteers
contribute to the 4-H program can't be over emphasized,"
adds Weir.
The 4-H program is also enriched by the financial and in-kind
donations of facilities and volunteer time from organizations
such as agricultural societies, recreation boards and local
businesses. This support enables 4-H members, leaders, and
council members to hold meetings, livestock sales, camps and
other activities. Members and leaders also receive community
sponsorship to attend events away from home.
Alberta's 4-H program has leaders celebrating 35 years of
involvement in the program. Many sponsors have remained
committed to 4-H since the program began over 80 years ago.
Together they make 4-H . . . more than you ever imagined!
For more information on Alberta's 4-H program call
(403) 422 4H4H or visit the 4-H website at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/ruraldev/4h/index.htrnl
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403)422-411411 (4444)
Does El Nino mean drought in
Alberta?
El Nino has become a household word this past winter. The
large area of the equatorial Pacific ocean with above normal
surface water temperatures contributed to unusual weather
patterns in many parts of the world. In Alberta, and in many
parts of Canada, above normal temperatures and below
normal precipitation were common this winter. The dry
winter, and below normal fall soil moisture in southern
Alberta, has raised concerns about drought this summer.
"Many Albertans are wondering if El Nino means drought in
Alberta," says Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The answer
depends on what you look at. If you look at spring runoff,
especially from the plains rather than the mountains, then the
answer is yes. If you mean agricultural drought, which usually
means growing season rainfall, then the answer is no."
It is possible that parts of Alberta may experience drought
conditions during some part of the 1998 summer. However,
there is no solid basis on which to forecast agricultural
drought conditions in Alberta for the spring or summer of
1998. Climate analysis by Environment Canada of spring and
summer precipitation following El Nino events revealed no
consistent evidence of widespread below normal rainfall in
Alberta.
April 6, 1998 -page 3
"Fall and winter conditions, especially in southern Alberta,
have left many dryland growers more susceptible to the effects
of a drier spring or summer," says Dzikowski "The soil
moisture reserves that help carry crops through dry periods,
are not as good as many would like, but are part of the climate
of the region."
The good news is that the effect of El Nino on Alberta usually
diminishes during the spring The return to more normal
winter-like weather in March is not proof of this However,
climate analysis by Environment Canada indicates that both
temperature and precipitation in Alberta generally return to
near normal in the spring and summer after an El Nino event
"The prudent approach is to prepare for drought conditions as
a general risk management strategy," adds Dzikowski. "If there
is information, either based on your own conditions, such as
soil moisture or rainfall records, or a good long lead forecast
for several months or a season ahead, then increase your level
of preparedness accordingly. Planning for drought is one way
to reduce its harmful effects and minimize the economic
impact and hardship it can bring."
For more information on long lead seasonal climate forecasts
and Environment Canada's El Nino analysis, visit the .Alberta
Agriculture's website at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/links/climate.html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403)427-3594
Free & Easy helps teachers spin
information webs
On March 11, at the University of .Alberta, 53 urban teachers
and student teachers participated in a unique professional
development opportunity. Free & Easy '98 is designed to give
teachers information on the how and whys of Agriculture that
can be used in classrooms to build a better understanding of
Alberta's agriculture industry.
"Decisions are based on webs of information formed by a
lifetime of experiences," says Betty Gabert, coordinator of the
Ag in the Classroom program with .Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development "These webs are unique to each
person and they continue to grow and change as new
information and experiences are added. The message
delivered to teachers at this year's event was that today 's food
supply depends on hi-tech science. The Faculty of Agriculture.
Forestry & Home Economics hosted hands-on labs and mini-
lectures on food quality and production."
Discussions on classroom applications and support strategies
rounded out the day that introduced the many resources
available to teachers Each participant received a kit that
includes 3.000 pages of lesson plans and support resources.
Conl d on page 4
April 6, 1998 -page 4
"This event is offered to teachers at no cost," says Gabert. "A
long-standing partnership between Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, the UFA and the U of A provides Free
& Easy to give teachers first-hand experience and
understanding of the agriculture industry."
A second part of this program gives 12 of the Free & Easy
participants an opportunity to enjoy an agriculture industry
tour and Bed & Breakfast farm stay with UFA members. The
tour is planned for May 30 and 31, 1998. "UFA has committed
more than $180,000 over the eight years this program has
been developing," adds Gabert. "Their support in furthering
information and understanding of Alberta's agriculture
industry is much appreciated."
Contact: Betty Gabert Cindy Dixon
(403)427-4225 (403)427-4311
Mineral nutrition for beef cows
Mineral and vitamin supplements are often essential for the
overall health of a beef cow herd. Feeding the proper level of
required minerals and monitoring intake will go a long way
toward ensuring a healthy, productive herd. A basic
understanding of ruminant nutrition is important in making
decisions regarding minerals.
"There is an overwhelming amount of information and
numerous different opinions when it comes to mineral
nutrition of a herd," says Brian Koberstein, beef specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development in
Wetaskiwin. "One of the most important things to consider is
proper intake levels. Intake levels should be monitored on a
regular basis. Intake of free choice mineral is quite variable at
best, however, it's often the best that can be done. Ideally,
minerals and vitamins would be measured out and
administered on a regular basis. While this would guarantee
all cattle were getting required amounts of supplements, it
would also be very difficult and time consuming in many
cases."
For the most effective free choice method, avoid offering more
than one mineral or salt alternative at any given time. The
'smorgasbord' approach to mineral supplement is often
extremely ineffective. Cattle don't know what they need and
basically go to the mineral for the salt. Offering one vitamin/
mineral/salt mixture is generally the best alternative. To adjust
intake levels, producers can vary the salt level in the mixture.
"Minerals high in phosphorus are often challenging to feed by
free choice as the phosphorus sources tend to be
unpalatable," says Koberstein. "Producers should choose
supplements wisely and carefully. Feed manufacturers have
done some very good things with their minerals to improve
and regulate intake, however, there are always the exceptions.
"Nutrition is a critical factor through calving season and into
breeding. Balanced rations will help meet production goals.
Feeding expensive products that aren't necessary can be a
huge waste. Local beef specialists can be consulted and will
have a good basic look at a herd's nutrition and make
recommendations."
Contact: Brian Koberstein
(403)361-1240
April 6, 1998 -page 5
Agri-News Briefs
ALPACA family event
The Alpaca Livestock Producers and Co-operators .Association
(ALPACA) have organized a free family event and alpaca show
for April 18, 1998 at the Agriculture Centre in Riviere Que
Barre. The day will be filled with enjoyable learning events.
Instructional displays on alpaca, alpaca products and alpaca
ranching include hands-on shearing, tooth trimming, halter
training, judging of show animals, fibre and fashion products.
The Riviere Que Barre Young People's Youth Group will be on
hand to entertain children. The day starts at 9 00 a.m. with
demonstrations, show and sale continuing until 5 00 p.m. For
further information, contact Mitch Berlinic (403)939-2928 or
fax (403)939-7478.
Ginseng annual general meeting &
conference
The Alberta Ginseng .Association is holding their annual
general meeting and conference on April 18, I W8 at the Ked
Deer Lodge The agenda includes presentations on research
done at .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's
Crop Diversifications Centres (North and South), .Alberta
ginseng diseases and ginseng growing in .Alberta. Discussion of
the ginseng industry in B.C and Saskatchewan are also
planned. Registration is $35/person or $50 couple. For more
information or to register, contact Ed Stelkovics
(403)675-2799, Athabasca.
New grains research analyst with
AGC
Ms. Brenda Brindle joined the .Alberta Grain Commission
(AGC) on April 3. 1998 as the new grains research analyst.
Brindle has a B.Sc. (Agric) in Food Science and an M.Sc. in
Rural Economy. For the past 17 years, she worked for KeaAgra
Management Services providing grain market and strategic
planning advisory services directly to farmer clients and
conducting workshops on marketing and small business
management. In her position with AGC, Brindle will coordinate
and conduct research and analysis required by the
Commission and work closely with farmers, farm
organizations and government agencies in dealing with grain
related issues. The AGC plans to increase its focus on business
plan activities and will be conducting meetings and workshops
on issues affecting the grains, oilseeds and special crops
industry. Brindle's expertise and background are well suited to
this change in focus. For further information, contact Brindle
at (403)427-3077, Edmonton.
Growing for markeL.gettmg to
market
The Fruit Growers Society of .Alberta (FGS.A) and .Alberta Food
and Rural Development are coordinating a full-day. hands-on
working session on April 25. 1998 at the Neil Crawford
Provincial Centre, Edmonton. The fruit industry is growing in
Alberta and across the Prairies, and producers are finding that
planning is needed to take advantage of increased markets.
There has recently been increased interest and growth in
prairie fruit production and in offering diverse fruit products
to restaurants, retailers and processors. The working session
will look at the opportunities, strengths and challenges of the
fruit industry and the FGS.A. There will be a chance to discuss
and build on participant ideas and consider the steps that
should be taken to meet emerging market opportunities.
Producers are working hard to build a stronger fruit industry
on the Prairies, the workshop is an opportunity to work
together and network w ith other producers Cost of the
workshop is $15 and includes morning refreshments and
lunch. Registration deadline is April 17 and space is limited to
40 participants so register early. For more information contact
Sharon Faye (403)422-2961. Kathleen Ozmun (403)656-3613,
or Nadine Stielow, FGS.A (403)998-0481.
APR J6
April 13,1998
Province to consult Albertans
on options for livestock
regulations
The discussion paper on regulatory options for livestock
operations in the province was released for public review by
Ed Stelmach. Minister of Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development (AAFRD) on March 30, 1998.
"Back in January, I asked my staff to ~raft different regulatory
options for consideration." says Stelmach. "They've come up
with various options that should generate good public
discussion on the issue."
The discussion paper is a response to concerns expressed by
municipal governments, livestock developers and private
citizens regarding the current process for approval of new
livestock facilities and the framework for monitoring and
enforcing the env ironmental sustainability of existing livestock
operations.
Alberta Agriculture staff received valuable assistance from
Alberta Environmental Protection. Alberta Health and Alberta
Municipal Affairs when drafting the options.
Each copy of the Discussion Paper includes a mail-in
questionnaire to solicit as much public input as possible.
Open houses and stakeholder meetings will be held in April
and May to discuss the options presented, and these meetings
will be widely advertised. More information about the
consultations is also available on Alberta Agriculture's Internet
webpage. The address is:
http://^"ftTv.agric.gov.ab.caeconomic/poIic>/ilo.htnil
"We're open to new ideas and new options, not just what's
been identified in the discussion paper," says Stelmach.
"We're looking for the broadest possible consultation from all
Albertans, not just those involved in the livestock industry"
Alberta Agriculture staff would like to receive responses by
June 1, 1998. Results from the questionnaires and public
meetings will be compiled into a summary document that will
be brought forward to the Standing Policy Committee on
Agriculture and Rural Development. Following that, further
defined proposals regarding livestock operations and possible
regulations will be irculated for consultatioi a!, .his fall
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Province to consult Albertans on options for
livestock regulations
1
Grass seed production research
2
Legislation to delegate administration of Brand
Inspection Services
2
Second annual 4-H project fair
3
Student applications for 1998 SFEP and GCP
3
Minimizing calving difficulty
4
MAP - 20 years of excellence
4
Province's best 4-H speaker
5
Briefs
5
kSXl-JV&WS Publishing Branch. Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
... AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrmews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
April 13, 1998 -page 2
Copies of the package are available for interested industry
representatives, local government and the public to participate
in the process. Anyone wishing to obtain a copy of the
discussion paper should call the Policy Secretariat office of
Alberta Agriculture (403) 422-2070. Copies are also available
at Alberta Agriculture district offices and rural municipal
offices around the province.
Contact: Ron Glen Mike Pearson
(403) 427-2137 (403) 422-2070
Grass seed production
research
The Peace River region of Alberta is Canada's largest grass seed
producing area. It accounts for about half of the total Canadian
seed production. In southern Alberta, research into
commercial production of Kentucky bluegrass seed is done at
the Crop Diversification Centre - South (CDCS) by the forage
unit. This group has been exploring the agronomy of irrigated
Kentucky bluegrass seed production since 1987.
"Close proximity to US markets and the favorable dollar for
export have soutiiern Alberta producers diversifying into
amenity and forage grass seed production," says Henry Najda,
forage agronomist, CDCS, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. ".Also, Alberta producers have a history of
producing a consistent and quality product, and this
strengthens our market position considerably."
The forage unit did a major agronomy project on Kentucky
bluegrass seed production under irrigation in cooperation with
Dr. Colin McKenzie, soil and water specialist at CDCS. Through
its research, the group has been able to make the following
recommendations:
• row spacings of 30 to 40 cm are ideal at a seeding rate of
2 to 3 kg/ha depending on the seed size of the variety
selected;
• nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in the fall to provide
an equivilant of 130 kg/ha (0-60 cm soil N plus fertilizer N)
for the first production year and increased to
180 to 200 kg/ha for second and third year production;
and,
• irrigation is essential for Kentucky bluegrass seed
production but the total water use is lower than for most
other irrigated crops.
"Kentucky bluegrass requires burning the field after harvest to
remove crop residues for disease and pest control," says
Najda. "Burning also allows for a favorable environment for
reproductive tillers to develop. As a result, a protocol for
burning Kentucky bluegrass seed fields was developed. A video,
A Safe and Perfect Burn, was also produced to
demonstrate proper burning techniques."
The video is available at Alberta Agriculture district offices or
through the Multi Media Branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, main floor, 7000 - 113 Street, Edmonton,
AB T6H 5T6.
"Another grass currently under investigation is perennial
ryegrass," adds Najda. "This grass is not very winter-hardy,
however, perhaps with proper management, a single, high-
yielding seed harvest would be possible. The group is looking
at agronomic considerations such as row spacing and seeding
rate, nitrogen requirements and companion cropping."
Companion cropping is usually not encouraged in Kentucky
bluegrass seed production, as seed yields the subsequent year
can be reduced by as much as 60% depending on the
companion crop used. Companion cropping perennial
ryegrass with cereals for either silage or grain or fall seeding
(up to September 1) after a grain or silage crop has been
harvested is currently being looked at and considered.
Preliminary tests have indicated that both fall seeding and
using wheat as a companion crop have been quite successful
in commercial production.
The increased interest in grass seed production, not only in
Alberta but throughout western Canada, has resulted in a new
testing program being initiated. The Western Grass Seed
Testing program, headquartered at CDCS, will be responsible
for seed collection and distribution, data analysis and report
collation. Species and variety performance trials sponsored by
various seed companies will give producers and contracting
seed companies an indication of which varieties are
economical for commercial production. Test sites located in
British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba will
include the major soil zones and irrigated sites.
Contact: Henry Najda (403)362-1346
Legislation to delegate
administration of Brand
Inspection Services
Bill 41, proposed legislation that would delegate the
administration of brand inspections to the cattle industry was
introduced in the Provincial Legislature on April 2, 1998.
"Industry pays the full shot for brand inspection and feels the
private sector could provide the services more efficiently than
government," says Ed Stelmach, Minister of Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Industry wants
more say in the services it pays for and gets. Government
would like industry to take more responsibility, both
administratively and financially, for the services it finds most
valuable. Although industry will be providing brand inspection
services, producers have asked that responsibility for the Act
and regulations remain with the Government. Bill 41 fulfils
that request."
Cont d on page 3
The Government's Brand Inspection Service is responsible for
all aspects of registry, licensing, enforcement and identification
of cattle being sold. Currently, brand inspectors work for the
government and revenue from brand inspections comes to
government. There are 35 brand inspectors and 45 part-time
staff around the province.
It is being proposed that all the services be transferred
together to a new industry partnership group called Livestock
Identification Services (LIS), and the income and expenses
associated with running the service be transferred as well.
The service will be accountable, both to the Government and
to the industry it serves. A Secretariat will be appointed from
Alberta Agriculture to be the Minister's liasion for the service,
handling questions or complaints and monitoring the
administration of the program and the legislation to make
sure It's being run appropriately.
Industry actively supports the brand inspection change. LIS is
made up of these major cattle industry associations:
• Alberta Auction Markets Association
• Alberta Livestock Dealers and Order Buyers Association
• Alberta Cattle Feeders Association
• Alberta Cattle Commission
• Western Stock Growers Association.
Producers with questions regarding the proposed new LIS
brand inspection service should contact their representatives
on these associations for more information.
Contact: Ron Glen Cliff Wulff
(403)427-2137 (403)422-6256
Second annual 4-H project fair
4-H members and leaders will want to be in Olds on July 29 to
31, 1998 for Project Fair.
"Project Fair is a three-day event that focuses on homemaking
and non-livestock projects." say Lori McRae. 4-H resource
development coordinator with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. 'Members from across the province can
participate in hands-on mini-sessions, a project bowl, bench
show, fashion show and demonstration competition ."
Gifts from the kitchen, entrepreneur, computers,
woodworking, rope making and sewing trademarks are a few
of the mini-sessions being offered.
"Major sponsors of Project Fair include Lammle's Western
Wear and United Farmers of Alberta." adds McRae. 'The
program fee is $40 for members and $20 for leaders and
parents. Applications should be received at the provincial 4-H
office by June 1, 1998."
Members are responsible for their own meals,
accommodation and travel costs. Camping and residence
packages are available from Olds College
April 13, 1998 -page 3
Program information and application forms are available in
the 1908 Provincial Spring and Summer Program booklets
or from a regional 4-H specialist
Contact: Lori McRae
(403)422-411411 (4444)
Student applications for 1998
SFEPandGCP
Summer Farm Employment Program (SFEP) applications will
be available soon Students may also be able to earn high
school credits through the Green Certificate Farm Training
Program (GCP).
"SFEP provides Alberta's youth the opportunity to gain farm
work experience as part of Alberta's Summer Temporary
Employment Program (STEP)," says Christine Paproski.
program delivery specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "Since the program began in 1972, it has
helped more than 36.000 young people learn more about
farming."
Through the program, full-time farmers receive assistance to
hire young Albertans from July 1 to August 31 The Alberta
government pays up to half of the employee's monthly wage to
a maximum of $330 per month
"Prospective employees must be between 15 and 24 years of
age and they cannot be a relative of the employer." says
Paproski. "Employment must be a minimum of 30 hours per
week."
Up to 500 young people will be accepted into the 1998
program Application forms are processed on a first-come,
first-served basis and employers and employees must apply
together.
Application forms and program guidelines for SFEP are
available on May 4 from Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development field service offices. Application forms will be
accepted until all program funds are committed or May 29,
whichever comes first.
"Interested employers and employees should also consider
applying for the GCP" adds Robert Hombrook. supervisor. GCP
"The GCP allows students to earn high school credits while
learning farm skills in a practical, hands-on training situation
Emplovers and employees may be on the SFEP and the GCP at
the same time."
Contact Christine Paproski. SFEP (403)427-3124
Robert Hombrook. GCP (403)427-4218
April 13, 1998 -page 4
Minimizing calving difficulty
A new multi-media, interactive CD, Minimizing Calving
Difficulty is now available. The CD was developed by Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development to assist cow/calf
producers, beef specialists and consultants, veterinarians and
educators minimize calving difficulty.
"Calving difficulty cost Canada's beef industry $105 million
annually," says Dr. John Basarab, beef management specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The
CD presents information on the effect of various genetic and
non-genetic factors on the calving difficulty."
Information on genetic factors includes:
• breed of sire and dam
• birth weight and calculating probable calf weight
• sire selection for growth, pelvic area and carcass traits
• heifer selection for growth, biological efficiency and pelvic
area
• calf sex and shape
Information on non-genetic factors includes:
• nutrition
• body condition of dam
• heifer's weight at calving
• age of dam
• climatic conditions
• calving management
"The CD also highlights methods of minimizing calving
difficulty and shows examples of malpresentations, the growth
of a fetus during gestation and video clips on a normal
delivery," says Basarab.
The CD works on Windows 31, Windows 95 and Macintosh
applications and requires a computer with a CD-ROM drive, a
sound card and a minimum speed of 60 MHZ. It features
colorful slides and video clips, an interactive worksheet and
the distinctive voice of Jack Howell, commentator for the
agriculture radio show Call of the Land.
"The CD take about one hour to examine and the viewer can
interrupt the presentation at any time and move on to
different sections," adds Basarab. "AnimaGraphics Inc.
provided the expertise for the design and production of this
multi-media presentation."
The CD, authored by Basarab with the assistance of beef cattle
veterinarian Dr. Joyce van Donkersgoed, costs $30 (plus GST)
and can be purchased by calling (403)427-2283 or by mailing
a cheque made out to the Alberta Provincial Treasurer to
Laura Plant, Agronomy Centre, 6903 - 1 16 Street, Edmonton.
AB T6H 5Z2. Add $2 (plus GST) for shipping and handling for
addresses outside of Alberta and $5 (plus GST) for
non-Canadian addresses.
Contact: Dr. John Basarab (403)427-4544
MAP - 20 years of excellence
The MAP '98 (Managing Agriculture for Profit) Conference,
held January 27 to 29, 1998 in Red Deer, marked 20 years of
excellence for the conference. This year's conference focused
on understanding the changing marketplace and explored
opportunities in adding value to traditional agricultural
enterprises.
"Keynote speakers, Dennis McKnight, Jerry Bouma, Mike
Leslie and Gordon Colledge all provided stimulating thought."
says Doug Barlund, business development advisor with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The presentations
were designed to help Alberta producers consider and
capitalize on changes in the marketplace, demographics,
consumer demands, food safety, economics, diet preferences,
market and distribution channels and people development."
MAP began as Managing Agricultural Technology for Profit
(MATFP) in 1978, held at the Banff Centre for Education. The
conference was spearheaded by the Farm Business
Management branch. Dr. Hiram Drache, one of the conference
speakers, addressed modern business techniques and also
closed the conference with a session on Where will your farm
be in five years?
"MATFP was such a hit that two conferences were presented in
1979, one in Banff and one in Peace River," says Barlund. "In
1993, the conference moved to Red Deer, a central location
that provides greater flexibility for people to attend."
Many people contributed time and creative energy to make
M\P '98 a success. The M\P planning team was a collaborative
effort by several Alberta Agriculture staff.
MAP is sponsored and supported by many agri-industry
players, including: Alberta Wheat Pool, Red Deer TV, UFA,
Ag & Food Council, The Cooperators Insurance, Farm Business
Management Initiative, Alberta Treasury Branches, Royal
Bank, Bank of Montreal, Olds College, Western Producer,
Agrium, Farm Credit Corporation, Golden Stem Co-op and
Data Transmission Network.
After providing Alberta farmers and producers with a forum for
accessing top quality information and ideas for 20 years, the
MAP planning team is reflecting on the design and concept of
MAP and exploring options for 1999 and beyond. The team is
seeking advice and ideas to shape the future of this event. To
be involved, contact Wilson Loree, member of the MAP
planning team, at (403)556-4213-
Contact: Doug Barlund Wilson Loree
(403)864-3574 (403)556-4213
Province's best 4-H speaker
Amy Fox's speech on this year's topic Today 's Modern
Cowboy. A Steward of the Environment... " earned her
the title as Alberta's best 4-H public speaker in 1998.
"Fox. an Armena 4-H Beef Club member from Hay Lakes, was
one of 14 top 4-H'ers who qualified for the recent competition
in Calgary. All 14 had to speak at a minimum of three levels of
competition to reach the provincial finals." says Kathy
Hougham, 4-H project officer with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development. "Each finalist had less than one week
to research and prepare a four to six minute speech on the
selected topic. Fox's The Myths and Facts of the Cattle
Industry, plus her impromptu speech won her first place."
In second place was Kate San ford from Stony Plain and
Brienne McLane from Hussar received third place honours.
Sanford is a member of the Lakemere 4-H Beef Club and
McLane is from the Hussar Nifty Knots 4-H Club.
April 13, 1998 - page 5
Judging the prepared speeches for the competition were Jim
Fisher from Q91 Radio. Jerry Hall of the 4-H Foundation of
Alberta and Caylene Groeneveld with Simmental Country
magazine. The impromptu nidges were Lynn McDonald-
Palmer with Alberta Pool. Cheryl Mueller from the 4-H Alumni
and Barrie Harrison from executive communications branch
Alberta Agriculture.
"I was very impressed with the research and depth of
treatment of the prepared speech topic by all the finalists,
says Jim Fisher of Q91 Radio "Each speaker was outstanding
and it was very difficult to choose the top speaker
The 199K Provincial 4-H Public Speaking Competition was
sponsored by Calgary Exhibition & Stampede and Alberta
Agriculture.
Contact: Kathy Hougham
(403)422-411411 (4444)
Agri-News Briefs
Hemp symposium video pack
Interest in learning what's involved in growing hemp has
increased enormously since the federal government agreed to
allow hemp to be grown under license. A recent Alberta Hemp
Symposium attracted a sell-out crowd to hear from experts in
the field. In response to the interest in this topic, video copies
of many of the symposium's sessions are now available.
Tape 1 - Where Do Vie Stand; and. Producer Experiences
Growing Hemp
Tape 2 - Potential For Agricultural Fibers; and. Hemp in
Paper-Making
Tape 3 - Potential For Hemp; Manufacturing and Retailing
Hemp Products; and, Cleaning Hemp Seed and Agricultural
Value-Added Engineering Centre (AYEC) Opportunities
Tape 4 - How Can Hemp Be Marketed; and Developing Agri-
Fibre Industries in Alberta
Each tape costs $20 (plus S3 shipping and handling and GST).
The complete set of four tapes costs $70 (plus S3 shipping and
handling and GST). To order, contact the Multi-Media Branch.
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
100A, 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6. phone
(403)422-3951, or e-mail ken.blackJey(a agric.gov.ab.ca
Cheques or money orders (payable to the Provincial
Treasurer) or credit cards are accepted.
Oat story workshop
A single-day workshop, the Oat Story, sponsored by Canadian
Institute of Food Science and Technology (CIFST), is being
held at the Edmonton Golf and Country Club on April 27,
1998. The workshop will provide participants an opportunity to
explore the most current approaches to research. This is a
chance to examine the possibilities of specific cereal grain
application(s) in all food areas. The workshop costs are SI 50
for CIFST members. $200 for non-members and S75 for
students. To register or for more information, phone
(403)492-5362.
National Library of Canada
Bibliothfique nationale du Canada
3 3286 51512 6791
April 20. 1998
Intensive livestock operations -
open house schedule
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development will be
holding 16 open houses around the province to get public
input on regulatory options for livestock operations.
Oil March 30, 1998, Ed Stelmach. Minister of Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development, released a
Discussion Paper on Regulatory Options for livestock
Operations. The open houses are intended to increase
awareness of the discussion paper and encourage individuals
and groups to fill out the accompanying questionnaire. Teams
of resource people from Alberta Agriculture and various
government departments including Environmental Protection,
Health and Municipal Affairs, will be available to answer
questions about the options presented and the new draft Code
of Practice for Responsible livestock Development
and Manure Management Local municipal government
councillors and staff are encouraged to attend the open
houses.
"I've said from the beginning that we arc open to all
suggestions and ideas," says Stelmach. "All those involved are
looking forward to getting a wide variety of views on various
options, including options that may not have been identified in
the document."
The public is encouraged to drop in. obtain more information
and fill out a questionnaire. The open houses will run from 1
p.m. until 8 p.m.. to encourage as main people as possible to
participate. A list of meeting locations, times and dates is
included and will be widely publicized in local newspapers.
The discussion paper was created in response to concerns
expressed by municipal governments, livestock developers and
private citizens regarding the current process for approval of
new livestock facilities, as well as the framework for
monitoring and enforcing the environmental sustainability of
existing livestock operations.
Alberta Agriculture staff would like to receive all responses b\
June 1. 1998. Results from the questionnaires and open
houses will be compiled into a summary document that will
be brought forward to the Standing Policy Committee on
Onii (I on page -
This Week
Intensive livestock operations public meetings
schedule
1
Managing fertility in a direct seeding system
2
Farm Implement Act review
3
Alberta 4-H Club top supporter of
national program
3
PNWER - a team to be proud of
4
Seeding pastures for grazing
4
4-H explores the freedoms of Canada
5
Water system spring maintenance
6
Briefs
7
A&Tl-JVOWS Publishin9 Branch< Tel: <403> 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861 /^ibCffQ
^5 AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
April 20, 1998 -page 2
Agriculture and Rural Development. Following that, further
defined proposals regarding livestock operations and possible
regulations will be circulated for consultation later this fall.
Each copy of the discussion paper includes a mail-in
questionnaire to solicit as much public input as possible.
Anyone wishing a copy of the discussion paper may call the
Policy Secretariat office of Alberta Agriculture at (403)422-
2070. The discussion paper is also available on the Internet on
Alberta Agriculture's webpage at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/economic/policy/ilo.html
Copies are also available through Alberta Agriculture district
offices.
Contact: Ron Glen Mike Pearson
(403) 427-2137 (403) 422-2070
Regulatory Options for Livestock Operations
Open House Schedule
Grande Prairie - Tuesday, April 28, 1998
Location: Trumpeter Inn
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Fairview - Wednesday, April 29, 1998
Location: Dunvegan Motor Inn
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Lac La Biche - Wednesday, April 29, 1998
Location: McArthur Place
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Vermilion - Thursday, April 30, 1998
Location: Elks Hall
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Lacombe - Tuesday, May 5, 1998
Location: Lacombe Legion Hall
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Warburg - Tuesday, May 5, 1998
Location: Warburg Community Hall
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Barrhead - Wednesday, May 6, 1998
Location: Neighborhood Inn
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Coronation - Wednesday, May 6, 1998
Location: Lions Recreation Centre
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Morinville - Thursday, May 7, 1998
Location: Municipal District of Sturgeon #90 Office
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Ryley - Thursday, May 7, 1998
Location: County of Beaver #9 Office
Time: 2:00-8:00 p.m.
Ponoka - Tuesday, May 12, 1998
Location: Crossroads Restaurant
Time: 2:00- 8:00 p.m.
Taber - Tuesday May 12. 1998
Location: Municipal District of Taber #14 Office
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Drumheller - Wednesday, May 13, 1998
Location: Drumheller Inn
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Medicine Hat - Wednesday May 13, 1998
Location: Medicine Hat Exhibition & Stampede -
Cypress Centre
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Claresholm - Thursday, May 14, 1998
Location: Claresholm Community Hall
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Didsbury - Thursday May 14. 1998
Location: Memorial Complex - Curling Rink
Time: 2:00 - 8:00 p.m.
Managing fertility in a direct
seeding system
Producers reducing tillage operations and moving to direct
seeding often ask about changes in nutrient requirements and
how they can best provide crops with all necessary fertilizer
when using a direct seeding system
"Nitrogen requirements may change as tillage is reduced or
eliminated," says Rick Taillieu. reduced tillage agronomist with
the Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative (ARTI), in Olds. "As crop
residues are left on the soil surface, the rate of decomposition
begins to slow. The nitrogen in the crop residue remains in the
organic form, making it unavailable to plants for a longer
period of time. Additional nitrogen may be required during the
transition to direct seeding until a new balance is attained."
The cooler soils in the spring associated with direct seeding
make some nutrients, including phosphorous and potassium,
less available to the growing crop. Additionally, these nutrients
aren't readily mobile in the soil so product placement as well
as rates is critical. Phosphorous and potassium, nutrients
which help promote early spring growth and healthy crop
competition, should be placed with the seed or very near the
seed row.
"A number of different fertilizer placement options are
available to producers at seeding time," adds Taillieu. "In a
single shoot system, fertilizer and seed are delivered through
the same tube. When used with a high disturbance opener like
a sweep, this allows for high fertilizer rates by using a greater
percentage of the seed bed. Double shooting, which delivers
seed and fertilizer separately, can be used with a number of
different ground openers including low disturbance knives. It
allows fertilizer to be placed near the seed but safely in its own
furrow."
Cont d on page 3
April 20. 1998 -page 3
To see some of the different systems uiul openers in action, be
sure to attend the provincial direct seeding dav at the ARTI Red
Deer direct seeding dav on July 7, 1998.
"Fertility management is a key component in successful direct
seeding systems." says Taillieu "It is important to understand
what is required by each crop in a rotation and what is
available to that crop. Regular soil testing will provide this and
allow producers to monitor changes in the Fertility of the soil
from year to year."
Contact: Rick Taillieu Peter Gamache
(403)556-8235 (403)427-336/
Farm Implement Act review
A review of the Farm Implement Act (FIA) was announced by
Ed Stelmach. Minister of Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. For several years discussions have been under
way between the prairie provinces to develop harmonized
legislation. The new legislation, standardizing warranty-
requirements and other areas that will enhance inter-
provincial trade, is tentatively scheduled for tabling in the
1999 spring session.
"The Act provides warranty and qualitv protection for
purchasers of new equipment and offers standards for repair
services." says Dean Lien, FIA Administrator. "In this review,
we will be seeking input from manufacturers, distributors,
dealers and farmers."
The seven-member Farm Implement Board will provide
valuable feedback for the development of the new legislation
The Board provides advice to the Minister on matters arising
out of the FIA and works closely with the Farmers Advocate
Office.
"There are currently two vacancies for farm members on the
Board," adds Lien. "The Board seeks individuals with a strong
farming background, an understanding of contract and
servicing of farm equipment and familiarity with the
regulatory process."
Appointments to the Board are for a three-year term
Members are paid remuneration and expenses for meetings
attended. The Farmers Advocate Office can provide further
information on the Farm Implement Act and Board
"This promises to be a very active and busy time." says Lien.
T look forward to the FL\ review and the more Alberta farmers
who get involved with this initiative the better the Act will serve
Albertans in the future."
Contact: Carolyn Makouecki Dennis Budney
(403)427-2188 (403)427-2/88
Alberta 4-H Club top supporter
of national program
Even in tough limes, local h - II clubs remain committed to
supporting and strengthening their program at the national
level Once again in 1997-98. 4-11 clubs across the country
enthusiastically held fund raisers contributing several hundred
dollars in support of the Canadian 4-H Council and this year's
contributions have put accumulated club donations at $1. $00
collected over the past five vears
"The National 4-H Club Fund program was designed to provide
clubs with the opportunity to support National 4-H programs
and services." says Carol Sullivan, provincial 4-H
communications and marketing specialist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development "More than 40
clubs have participated over the past four years with the
western provinces being the biggest supporters, donating more
than 88 per cent of total contributions Manitoba and
Saskatchewan lead the way with the greatest number of donors
and Alberta holds the distinction of making the largest
contribution and consequently, the highest accumulated total
donations Contributions have ranged from S 1 0 to $500 and
each one, regardless of its size, is equally appreciated. Funds
have been raised through bake sales, raffles, car washes and
other events. Each participating club has received a letter of
thanks and an appreciation certificate for their efforts and has
been recognized in Council publications."
Each year the top contributing club receives a special award.
The Canadian 4-H Council is pleased to recognize the Freedom
Naples 4-H Multi Club of Alberta as this year's top donor.
Other 1996 participants include: Sturgis 4-H Multiple Club.
(SK). Arm River 4-H Multiple (SK). Humboldt 4-H Multiple
(SK), Buckhorn 4-H Club (BC) and the Durham West 4-H
Association. (ON).
The Canadian 4-H Council is pleased that members recognize
the importance and value of the program. Many clubs have
written about the merits of 4-H and expressed their
appreciation of the programs, services and national 4-H
opportunities offered by the Canadian 4-H Council. The
Council thanks everyone for their kind words and generous
support
"All 4-H clubs are encouraged to get involved." adds Sullivan.
"Financially supporting the national 4-H organization could
mean more delegates to national programs, creation of new
programs and services, expansion of the supply service and
wider circulation of publications Each participating club
decides when and how they want to raise funds and the
amount of profit they wish to donate. No contribution is too
small."
Conl d on page ^
April 20, 1998 -page 4
Anyone interested in providing a donation or learning more
about this initiative should contact the national office, Angie
Friend, Communications Coordinator, 1690 Woodward Dr.,
Suite 208, Ottawa ONK2C3R8.
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403J422-4H4H (4444)
PNWER - a team to be proud of
Farmers agree that when you want a job done in the most
efficient manner, you're better off working as a team rather
than as an individual. There's nothing like having all the
combines in your community working as a team to complete
the harvest before the dew gets too heavy, or all the neighbors
pitching in to battle a stubborn grass fire.
"The concept of teamwork also applies to being a 'player' in
the global economy," says Hon. Ed Stelmach, Minister of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "I'd like to
tell you about an important team that Alberta plays on: The
Pacific NorthWest Economic Region (PNWER).
"PNWER consists of Alberta, British Columbia and the
American states of Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Oregon and
Washington. Recently, the Yukon Territory also came on board.
The population of this region is over 18 million and if PNWER
was a single country, it would rank 10lh among the world's
industrial economies. The Pacific NorthWest Economic Region
was established almost a decade ago. You might not have
heard much about it, but I have a feeling that's about to
change before long. That's because, for the first time, a
legislator outside the state of Washington holds the position of
president. That person is David Coutts, MLA for Livingstone-
Macleod. Coutts joined me on a recent trip to Washington, D.C.
to talk with Senators and Congressmen about Bill C-4 and U.S.
trade.
Coutts and I also talked with these influential American
politicians about PNWER."
PNWER is a partnership between public and private sectors.
Each province and state pays dues, which are matched by the
private sector. PNWER's goal is to make the entire region
globally competitive. In some .Asian and European
communities, the public sector helps open the door for
business so the private sector can make the sale. That's what
PNWER is designed to do. By being a partner in PNWER,
Alberta can bring regional issues to the forefront for discussion
by people in the region who are affected.
"Alberta farmers have much more in common with farmers in
the Pacific northwest than with farmers in central and eastern
Canada," says Stelmach. "Environmental issues, water quality
issues, infrastructure and lack of railway competition, to name
a few, are issues we all share. The PNWER Committee is
meeting in June in Portland. It'll focus on agricultural
environmental issues and will likely follow up the grain
summit from last June. Perhaps this one will be called Grain
Summit II.
"PNWER is kind of like a pot-luck supper. The more people
involved and the more they bring to the table, the better it is.
PNWER has the full support of Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development and I'm confident Mr. Coutts will do a fine
job as president."
If you would like more information about the Pacific
NorthWest Economic Region, contact Stelmach s constituency
office at (403)632-6840 or the Edmonton office at
(403)427-2137. The phone number for David Coutts' office in
Edmonton is (403) 427-1828 and his constituency office
number is (403) 553-2400. Government numbers are toll-free
in Alberta by dialing 310-0000 and then the seven-digit
number.
Contact: Ron Glen
(403)427-2/37
Seeding pastures for grazing
Pasture establishment can provide many years of prosperity
and satisfaction or a few years of frustration followed by
expensive tillage.
"Pasture species selection, variety choice, seeding method and
grazing management are all important to successful pasture
establishment," says Lome Erickson, forage specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Rimbey.
"Choosing the correct grass and legume species for the
location and grazing use is step one. Although regrowth
potential after grazing is an important consideration, it's not
always best to go after the newest, most productive grass on
the list."
Carefully consider the limitations of the location, the timing of
grazings and the stocking rate. Pasture species suited to poorly
drained areas must tolerate some flooding and be able to form
a dense sod. Reed Canary Grass, Meadow Foxtail and Creeping
Foxtail are good wetland grasses, but grazing must be managed
to keep them from becoming too mature and unpalatable.
Alsike Clover is the best adapted of the legumes to wet
conditions.
Cont d on page 5
April 20, 1998 - page 5
"Of tlie grasses, Orchardgrass is one of the most productive in
intensive grazing systems," says Erickson. "It requires good
management of moisture, fertility and grazing to remain
productive. Meadow Brome also regrows well and is more
winter hardv and drought tolerant than Orchardgrass Smooth
Brome and Timothy are widely used in pastures but are better
suited to hay production because of their limited regrowth
potential."
In central Alberta. Kentucky Bluegrass and White Clover are
good choices if the pasture will be under heavv continuous
grazing. Bluegrass has a tolerance to repeated short clipping
and creates a dense sod. Creeping Red Fescue also forms a
dense sod and maintains its quality well when stockpiled for
earlv spring grazing.
The most drought tolerant grasses are Russian Wildrye, Altai
Wildrye, Crested Wheatgrass. Intermediate Wheatgrass and
Slender Wheatgrass. Seeding a legume with the grass increases
pasture quality and enhances soil nitrogen.
"Keeping the legume component below 50 per cent of the mix
limits bloat problems, adds Erickson. "High percentage
legume pastures give the greatest animal performance but
require better grazing and fertility management. Creeping
rooted alfalfas are best adapted to grazing pressures but are
less productive than Standard or Flemish types. Bloat resistant
alfalfa are under development and should be available soon.
Birdsfoot Trefoil, Cicer Milkvetch and Sainfoin are low bloat
legumes but are more difficult to manage than alfalfas or
clovers. Recent research shows that seeding Sainfoin and
alfalfa together reduces the risk of bloat on pastures."
For information on seeding pastures, contact an Alberta
Agriculture forage specialist.
Contact: Lome Erickson
(403)843-220/
4-H explores the freedoms of
Canadians
Canadian citizenship carries with it many roles and
responsibilities but also offers numerous opportunities, rights
and freedoms unparalleled in many countries. Fifty-three 4-H
members from across Canada examined their rights, roles and
responsibilities to their nation as they gathered in Ottawa.
March 27 to April 2 to participate in the 27th Annual National
4-H Citizenship Seminar. Participating in the conference from
Alberta were Kvley Johnason - Lakedell 4-H Beef and Lakedell
4-H Lighthorse clubs from Westerose. Leif Brost - Irvine 4-H
Beef Club from Irvine. Susann McGowan - Killam 4-H Light
Horse Club from Killam. Chad Meunier - Meadowview 4-H
Multi Club from Barrhead, Lindsey Sakariassen - Heads &
Heels Stockdog Club from Carstairs and Lea Wacovvich -
Sturgeon Clever Clovers 4-H from Redwater.
The theme of this year s conference ( amulii Tin- Freedom
To Be. focussed on the opportunities inherent in living in our
country and the importance of ownership and Glared
responsibility" says Carol Sullivan, provincial 4-H
communications and marketing specialist with \lberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development "Delegates learned
that everv Canadian has an equallv important role to play in
Canada's social fabric and future Conference participants
explored the issue of Canadian divcrsitv and multicultltralism
with a speaker addressing Cross Culturalism and Race
Relations. They also viewed a live performance of a Native
Dance Troupe from Cornwall Island and discussed their
culture with them Participants attended a Citizenship Court
Ceremony where they re-affirmed their Canadian citizenship
side by side with individuals being sworn in as new
Canadians."
Other conference sessions, including an address by Member of
Parliament. Paul Steckle. were devoted to learning about how
our government works. Delegates toured the Parliament
Buildings and Supreme Court, viewed Question Period and
joined MP's from their home ridings for a Parliamentarv
Luncheon. Delegates also sat in the Senate while being
addressed by the Speaker of the Senate. Gildas Molgat. and
were then hosted in his chambers for an informal reception
and discussion. Delegates also experienced the political
process first-hand by participating in a simulated House of
Commons debate. Political parties formed to argue the
controversial issues surrounding Euthanasia.
"The success of any 4-H event is largely due to the generous
financial assistance provided by its sponsors." adds Sullivan.
"Major supporters of the 1998 conference include:
Department of Canadian Heritage. Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada. Ambassador Trav el Plus Golf & Cruise Centre, the
Masonic Foundation of Ontario. Canadian Pacific. Canadian
Imperial Bank of Commerce. Canadian Seed Growers'
Association. SeCan Association. Manitoba 4-H Council.
Canadian Cattlemen's Association and University of Guelph."
Canadian 4-H Council officials join the 1997 delegates in
thanking this year's conference sponsors for their valuable
support and their commitment to the 4-H movement and
Canada's rural youth
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403)422-411411 (4444)
April 20, 1998 -page 6
Water system spring
maintenance
Springtime means it's time to start thinking about well and
water system maintenance. There are over 200,000 water wells
in Alberta and many rural families rely on these systems as
their only water source.
"There are a few steps that should be followed to check on-
farm wells and water systems before other spring work gets
into full swing," says Ken Williamson, agriculture engineering
technologist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. Red Deer.
Shock chlorinating a well - iron and sulfate bacteria are
common well problems. They cause iron staining and a rotten
egg odour in the water. Controlling them usually involves
twice-a-year shock chlorination of the well. Spring is a good
time to do this.
Recharge the air pressure tank - a properly operating
pressure tank protects the pump from turning on and off
every few seconds. The tank contains compressed air and
water. In many tanks the air will get absorbed into the water,
causing a water-logging condition. This causes the pump to
kick on and off every time a small amount of water is used.
The constant on and off cycles will damage the pump motor.
Recharging the tank in the spring will add to the life of the
pump if the pressure tank is the type that needs regular
recharging.
Check the well pit - well pits can be major routes of well
contamination, especially during spring runoff. Many pits get
partially filled with surface water or shallow ground water in
the spring. If this happens, be sure to replace the pit with a
pitless adaptor or, at least, put a sump pump in the pit to keep
it dry and make sure there is a sanitary seal on the top of the
well casing. (Locating a well in a well pit was banned in 1993
under the .Alberta Environmental Protection and Enhancement
Act but many older wells are still located in pits and have a
high potential for contamination.)
Watch for deterioration of quality water during spring run off
or heavy rains - if well water becomes murky in the spring it
could be due to a poor well casing seal or another old well in
the yard. Either one can allow runoff to get into an aquifer and
contaminate a well. Old unused wells should be properly
plugged to prevent contamination of ground water.
Three videos on maintaining wells are available at Alberta
Agriculture offices; Planning and Construction, Managing
and Maintaining, and Shock Chlorination. The videos can
also be purchased, separately or as a series, from .Alberta
Agriculture, Publications Office, 7000 - 113 Street, Edmonton.
Alberta T6H 5T6, or call toll free 1-800-292-5697.
Planning and Construction $10.00 (plus GST)
Managing and Maintaining $ 10.00 (plus GST)
Shock Chlorination $20.00 (plus GST)
Please add $2.00, plus GST, for shipping and handling.
Contact: Ken Williamson
(403)340-5324
April 20, 1998 - page 7
Agri-News Briefs
MAP '98 on video
Videos of key sessions from the Managing Agriculture for Profit
'98 (MAP '98) are now available. This annual conference is an
in-depth look at the opportunities and prospects for the
agriculture and food industry in Alberta. The videos, a
comprehensive set of information on the challenges facing
agriculture and food industries, are a reference tool producers
and processors will want have on hand. There are 1 5 videos in
the complete set
Future of the Industry -
Are You Ready for a Changing World!'
Changing Market Trends in Food and Agriculture
Responding to Change
The Customer is King
Plan on Planning
Market Sessions -
A Taste of Japan
Europe - Are There Really Opportunities?
Doing Business in Mexico and Latin America
The U.S. Market - So Near and Vet So Far
China - Hot and Hustling
Business Sessions -
New Generation Co-ops
Family Business Integration
Marketing Co-operativelv
Financing a Business
Is the Investment Worth the Risk?
The videos cost: one to four videos (§ $20 each (plus GST);
five to fourteen videos (5 $15 each (plus GST); or the
complete conference package is $199 (plus GST) Please
include a shipping-and-handling fee of $3 (plus GST) per
order for Canadian orders, or $6 (plus GST) per order for
out-of-Canada buyers. To order, contact Ken BlackJev.
Multi-Media Branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, 100A, 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB T6H
5T6. Make cheques payable to the Provincial Treasurer. Visa
and MasterCard are accepted by calling (403)422-3951 or
e-mail ken.blackley(« agric.gov.ab.ca
Clydesdales making a come back
The Wild Rose Draft Horse Association is offering the largest
number of Clydesdales ever consigned to an All-Breeds auction
in western North America at the May 2. 1998 sale in Olds
Twenty-six head of Clydesdale and Clvdcsdale-Shire cros^
mares, stallions and geldings are consigned In the past vearv
the Clydesdale breed hasn't been well represented at the Olds
sale, but members of the active Alberta Clydesdale Vssociation
are throwing their full support behind the 1998 sale in hopes
that Olds will become the showcase Clydesdale sale for all of
western North America. There are also over SO head of quality
Belgian and Percheron draft horses consigned to the event.
David Carson, well known Listowel. Ontario draft horse
auctioneer, will be presiding over the auction. For more
information, contact Bob Ruthven of the Alberta Clydesdale
Association at (-103)464-0679. Sherwood Park
b>0
April 27, 1998
Alberta is the SAFEST place to
grow
Let's face facts, farming is a dangerous occupation and try as
we might to be as cautious as we can. injuries and sometimes
fatalities occur. Another fact, however, is that Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development can and is doing
something about it.
The department, along with the agriculture industry in Alberta,
is on the leading edge of farm safety initiatives. Most recently
the department released an interactive CD-ROM called Lost
on the Farm, aimed at elementary school children. The CD-
ROM was created to raise awareness about farm safety among
rural students.
Over the last few years. Alberta Agriculture's farm safety
program has taken a positive approach to encouraging safety
practices on the farm. "Telling farmers what they can and
cannot do simplv doesn't work anymore." says Solomon
Kyeremanteng. manager of Alberta Agriculture's farm safety
program. "Instead, we've decided to give our farmers all the
safetv information we can. From there, they'll make the best
informed decision for them and for their families I think it's
working!"
Recently-released statistics from the Canadian Agricultural
Injury Surveillance Program show that between 1991 and
1995. Albert;i had the lowest number of work-related farm
fatalities based on farm population in the entire country. "All
farmers take their occupation seriously," savs Kyeremanteng
"We should all be proud of the fact that Alberta farms are the
safest places to grow in Canada."
Between 1991 and 1995. Alberta recorded 66 work-related
farm fatalities, or 7.5 fatalities per 1 ()().()()() farm population.
This compares to 10 fatalities per 100.000 in Saskatchewan.
12.1 in Manitoba. 12.8 in British Columbia, 13 4 in Ontario.
14 in Quebec and 16 7 in the Atlantic provinces Alberta sits
well below the Canadian average of 1 1.6 fatalities per 100.000
farm population.
"This is a time of mixed emotions." savs Kyeremanteng. "On
one hand, we can celebrate that Alberta is doing wonders in
terms of farm safety. However, we must still think of those who
died and what we can do to prevent similar tragedies in the
future."
For more information or to receive the new poster Work-
Related Farm Fatalities in Canada contact
Kyeremanteng at (403) 427-4227.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng UOj) 427-4227
This Week
Alberta is the SAFEST place to grow
1
Crop rotations and direct seeding
2
Pre-seed weed control in direct seeding
2
Snowy March weather
3
Time to smell the roses!
4
Briefs
5
AfSTl-NeWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861
/dlberra
^5 AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
April 27, 1998 - page 2
Crop rotations and direct
seeding
Developing a good, flexible rotation is important in direct
seeding systems.
"Stu Brandt and others from the Scott Research Station have
found that developing a good rotation can increase yields,
increase the amount of nitrogen the soil supplies, enhance
weed control, reduce diseases and improve economics." says
Peter Gamache, Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative (ARTI)
program manager. "The use of cereals, oilseeds, pulses and
legumes in a rotation can be very beneficial."
Dwayne Beck in Zero Tillage Advancing the Art
(Manitoba-North Dakota Zero Tillage Association - 1997)
points out that direct seeding rotations should be more
intense than conventional till rotations. Since direct seeding
enhances moisture supply, it is important to use crops that use
more water or to add a crop in a fallow system. Failure to use
the extra water in a no-till system increases weeds and
diseases and lowers profits.
"Beck also says that part of developing a rotation involves
increasing diversity as well as intensity," says Gamache. "Crop
diversity can spread risk, allow herbicide rotations to manage
weeds, reduce diseases, manage workloads and create good
seed beds for subsequent crops. Diversity increases as the
years separating the same crop type increase. It is enhanced
by including grasses and broadleaf crops, spring and fall sown
crops, and warm and cool season crops. Adding biennial and
perennial crops further increases diversity"
Research at Melfort (moist black soil zone) and Scott (moist
dark brown soil /one) has shown that the yield of cereals on
the stubble of oilseeds or peas was higher than on cereal
stubble (AgriFuture 1996). Yield of oilseeds was higher on
cereal or pea stubble and pea yield was greater on cereal or
oilseed stubble. The introduction of a legume such as peas to
the rotation increased the amount of nitrogen that the soil
supplied and consistently increased wheat protein at Scott.
Rotations can enhance weed control by allowing for products
from all herbicide groups to be used. The risk of weed
resistance is reduced, more cost effective herbicides can be
selected and timing of weed control can be varied. Competitive
perennial crops such as alfalfa can help reduce weed problems
and costs. Fall seeded crops such as winter wheat and fall rye
can be very competitive with winter annuals
"Crop rotation can reduce soil and residue borne disease."
adds Gamache. "Infected residues have a chance to
decompose and spores are less likely to find suitable hosts.
Broadleaf crops require a longer interval between similar,
susceptible crops than cereals, while oilseeds and pulses may
be susceptible to the same diseases, such as sclerotinia.
Increasing diversity in the rotation can increase the interval
between the same crops and helps to control disease.
"Residue management is critical in a direct seeding system,
Crop rotation is another tool to manage residue. More diverse
rotations may allow producers to avoid growing back to back
high residue Tops. Less residue may ease planting concerns
the following spring. It may also be beneficial in high moisture
areas where snow catch may not be desirable in some years,
Adequate residue to prevent wind and water erosion is always
important."
Designing rotations to make the most of a direct seeding
system is a challenge. For more help call one of the ARTI
agronomists or Alberta Agriculture crop specialists. For more
information, contact ARTI program manager. Peter Gamache
at (403) 427-3361. or ARTI agronomists, Mark Olson in Leduc
(403) 980-4898, Ron Heller in Vermilion (403) 853-8101,
RickTaillieu in Olds (403) 556-8235 and, after May 12,
Grant Nelson in Stettler (403) 742-7546.
Contact: Peter Gamache
(403) 427-336/
Pre-seed weed control in direct
seeding
The current trend in field crop production across the prairies
is direct seeding. A common practice used by direct seeders is
to "burn-off " any green plant growth (weeds & volunteer crop)
with a herbicide before seeding. The idea is to conserve soil
moisture and nutrients while reducing competition for the
crop to be seeded.
"There are a couple of recent research reports that provide an
interesting look at fine-tuning this pre-seeding weed control
strategy," says Ron Heller, Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative
(ARTI) agronomist in Vermilion. "Garry Ropchan. research
coordinator for Central Peace Conservation Society (CPCS) in
Spirit River, reports that skipping the pre-seed burn off. even
with 100 per cent disturbance of the seed bed at the time of
seeding (40' Concord air drill with 12 inch sweeps on 10 inch
spacing and 2 inch tillage overlap) resulted in lower crop
yields than when the pre-seed application was done."
In this field trial, the yield difference for a pre-seed Roundup
treatment at one litre per acre compared to no treatment,
measured out to 30.1 bushels per acres and 250 bushels per
acre respectively of Quest canola. The report indicates a pre-
seeding weed control advantage of $36.50 per acre (increased
net return).
"Another report by Ropchan I found particularly interesting
suggests that yields in direct seeding may be affected by the
delay between the burn off application and the seeding date,"
says Heller.
Cant d on page j
April 27, 1998 -page 3
CPCS has a project to evaluate the effect of different d.ivs
before seeding (DBS) intervals. In l lWd. tor a field of Brier
barlev direct seeded on June 1 1 . the results were summarized
as follows:
1 DBS produced a significantly higher yield than 1°. DBS and
h DBS
2 19 DBS produced a significantly higher bushel weight than
8 DBS and 4 DBS.
In 1997. a field of Roblin wheat direct seeded on May 30 was
evaluated for yield effect of three different bum-off days (two
before seeding and one after). Measured yields were 32.0
bushels per acre (19 DBS) and 32.8 bushels per acre (7 DBS)
The lowest yield was 25.9 (five days after seeding) The
conclusions drawn are:
1. better performance prior to seeding;
2. good control as early as 2.5 weeks before seeding;
3. about one week before seeding seems to be ideal.
"This second report included a discussion on the interaction
of dying plants, disease pathogens, and roots." adds Heller.
Apparently, with the application of a burn-off herbicide, the
dving plants are unable to fend off disease pathogens
(rhizoctonia. pythium, etc.) that soon move into the roots and
quickly multiply Potentially, a direct seeded crop could be
susceptible to varying degrees of attack by increased
populations of root pathogens, depending on the interval
between spraying and seeding. How significant or true this
may be for direct seeders requires further study. "
To summarize the application in practical terms for direct
seeding weed control:
• Don't count on high disturbance seeding to replace a pre-
seed application of a bum-off herbicide. As a rule. earK
control of weeds and volunteers conserves the seed bed
moisture and nutrients for your crop and will favor
improved yields
• Pav close attention to the timing of a pre-seed herbicide
application relative to your seeding date. More than just the
threat of active weed growth, flushes, or regroulh before
the crop establishes seems to be involved. ..perhaps a weed
die-off " factor exists.
Contact Ron Heller
(403) 853-8101
Snowy March weather
March weather was shown with above rormal precipitation
and near normal temperatures
"During the first part ol March, most locations in \lberta
reported snow with near normal temperatures s.i\s Peter
D/ikowski. agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development Cold Arctic air returned,
dropping temperatures to below normal Temperatures quicklv
returned to above normal in mid-March.
The provincial average precipitation of 28 3 mm was 7 9 nun
above the 1961 to 1990 average of 20.4 These averages are
based on data recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate
stations across Alberta
"A late winter snow storm in southern Alberta March 15 and
Id. dropped 20 to 40 mm of precipitation." savs D/ikowski.
"Over the two days. Calgarv reported 36 2 mm of precipitation,
about two and a half times the average for March An
additional 10.6 mm of precipitation fell on March 22. the
second day of spring bringing Calgary's monthly precipitation
total to 59 4 mm or 412 per cent of normal This was typical of
most stations in southwest Alberta "
The western half of the prov ince and all of the southern region
reported above normal precipitation while the eastern half
reported below normal precipitation. Amounts of 3 1 to
134.8 mm, or 16 to 505 per cent of normal were reported.
High Rjver received the most precipitation. 134.8 mm.
505 per cent of normal Coronation reported 3 1 mm of
precipitation in March, only 16 per cent of it's long term
average.
The provincial average temperature was 0.5 degrees above the
1961 to 1990 average of -4.1 degrees C. "Above normal
temperatures during the last week of March helped to melt
some of the snow." adds D/ikovvski.
Alberta locations reported a wide range of monthly average
temperatures from 0 to 3 degrees below normal in the
southern region, to 0 to 3 9 degrees above normal in all other
regions. Temperature departures of about 3 to 3 9 degrees
above normal were reported in the Peace region.
More details on Alberta s weather are available on the Alberta
Agriculture Internet site
http: ww«uigric.gOV.ab.ca climate index. html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
April 27, 1998 - page 4
Time to smell the roses!
As you travel along highway one between Calgary and Medicine
Hat, you may be impressed by the vastness of the prairie,
especially the stretch between Medicine Hat and Brooks. It is
hard to believe that amidst the stark prairie there is a jewel, a
place where the green grass beckons, and the visual dance of
the colorful annuals hypnotizes. You would drive right by and
not even know it exists as it is set back from the highway. This
oasis is the Crop Diversification Centre South (CDCS). Now to
many people of Alberta this sounds like a new place, but this
facility has been here since the early I950's and has been in
horticulture and special crops since the 1930 s - it was just
known as the Provincial Horticulture Station or The Hort.
CDCS is just 5 km east of Brooks on the south side of
Highway 1.
"CDCS offers the weary traveller a rest-bit from the summer
heat," says Shelley Barkley, information officer with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The large trees
and green grass of the picnic area are a favorite spot. Many
travellers stop with picnic lunch to enjoy some shade and
pretty surroundings then wander through the landscaped
grounds to admire the plants. The grounds are open during
day light hours seven days a week."
At CDCS, visitors will find the Golden Prairie Arboretum,
established in 1981. The collection contains 531 prairie hardy
deciduous trees and shrubs. It's a place to see some odd and
wonderful stuff, as well as some time honored favorites. Here
visitors can admire 120 different lilacs in every shade of
purple, pink and white imaginable, the poplars that were
developed here and carry "Brooks" in their name and even
shorts pine caragana. Every tree and shrub is labelled, so
bring along a pencil and paper. Whether spring, summer or
fall, the arboretum is a spectacular place to wander.
"The Forever Green Pinetum, a collection of coniferous trees
and shrubs, was established in 1986 but many of the large
specimens in this group were planted in the 1950"s. says
Barkley. "There are a total of 120 trees and shrubs in the
pinetum from Scots pine to weeping larch. Plants here are
labelled, also. On days when the southern Alberta winds are
blowing, this is often the calm refuge on the grounds.
"A place that the vounger set have christened "the maze" is
actually the rose garden. Many of the early Canadian rose
cultivars and crosses made by rose breeders like Skinner,
Bugnet and Wallace can be found within the walls of the
spruce hedge. There are 24 1 rose specimens that include the
hardy, reliable shrub roses to the tender hybrid tea roses New
Canadian roses, the Explorer and Parkland series, can also be
seen here. These roses on their own hardy roots are from
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada's breeding programs."
The Annual Flower Display a show stopper, is located near the
entrance to the grounds. Here visitors can stroll through the
All American Selection (.US) trials. The AAS is a respected
organization that coordinates results from test sites all over
North America to provide the widest possible distribution for
cultivar recommendations for Canada and the I SA. CDCS. one
of two test sites in Alberta, grows new cultivars sent by AAS.
The annual flower garden displays flowers grown from seed
donated by various seed companies, past winners of AAS and
the new cultivars under testing. Each row is labelled so
gardeners and professional growers can choose cultivars for
their own use.
Tours of the research plots are available to the public Monday
through Friday 9:00 am to 3:00 pm, except holidays. Plot tours
are about 45 minutes. While out in the plots visitors can see
some of the exciting research being done in new varieties and
the culture of horticultural and special crops. Tours are by
appointment.
Stop and smell the flowers this summer at the Crop
Diversification Centre South.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403)362-Ij05
April 27, 1998 -page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Egg quality contest
Plans have been set for the 1998 Egg Quality Contest. Egg
producers can bring their egg entries to one of three locations
according to this schedule:
May 12 Edmonton. Lilydale
Mav 13 Calgary. Sparks Farm Eggs and Lucern Eggs
May 14 Lethbridge, Coaldale Egg. Agriculture Canada
western depot
Awards for the contest will be presented on June 17, 1998 at
3 30 p.m. at the Red Deer Lodge as part of the Poultry
Workshop The 3rd annual Poultry Producers Workshop
includes producer's sessions on: Start clean. Stay clean: Why
we need it: Food safety: Egg quality: and. Sharing the market
For further information, contact Alberta Egg Producers Board
(403)250-1197, Calgary.
Beaver lodge beekeepers' field day
The 45* annual Beaverlodge Beekeepers' Field Day is on June
lb at the Beaverlodge Research Centre. The date is later than
in previous years to help accommodate beekeepers who are
busy in early June with nuc preparation and requeening
management. The program includes commercial and
beekeeping displays as well as research highlights. The
afternoon includes guest speakers, researchers and provincial
apiarists addressing bee-related topics and reports from the
Alberta Beekeepers Association and the Canadian Honey
Council. For further information, contact Don Nelson,
research centre. Beaverlodge. (403) 354-5122 or e-mail:
nelsondf" em.agr.ca
Milk - an important daily choice
As. one of the four food groups, milk and milk products are an
important dail\ food choice Calcium, in particular, is essential
for development and maintenance of strong bones and heart,
nerve and muscle function Milk is also fortified with
vitamin D. essential for calcium absorption Canadian cheeses
are a tasty way to obtain calcium According to Canada s Food
Guide to Healthy Eating, one serving of milk and milk
products must contain at least 2~'5 mg of calcium. The size of
a 50 g piece of cheese is about 3 " \ l"x 1": shredded. 50 g is
about 1, 3 to 1/4 cup. Young children need at lease two to three
servings; pre-teens and teens require three to four servings
and adults need two to four servings daily For further
information, contact Alberta Milk Producers. (403) 453-5942.
For toll free outs.de the Edmonton area, call 1-800-252-7530.
Mpi-News
tm
May 4,1998
Waterborne parasite study gets
full funding
A three year project to determine possible sources of the
waterborne parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia
lamblia in the North Saskatchewan River basin, has been
granted full funding from the Canada-Alberta Beef Industry
Development Fund. Alberta Agriculture Research Institute
(AARJ) and received significant in-kind contributions from
stakeholders.
"Cryptosporidium and Giardia are intestinal parasites that can
infect humans and cause scours in young calves." says
Dr. Merle Olson, professor of Microbiology and Infectious
Diseases at the University of Calgary. "The parasites can be
transmitted to other livestock or people through ingestion of
fecally contaminated food or water."
"Cryptosporidium and Giardia can be a significant threat to
public health," says Sandra Cooke, biologist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development, and project
manager of this multi-discipline, multi-stakeholder research
project. "We have researchers from the Universities of Alberta
and Calgary. Alberta Environmental Protection, Regulatory
Services and Water Sciences Branch, Aqualta. EPCOR, Alberta
Research Council-Vegreville. Alberta Health as well as Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development as full partners in
this research. Health Canada has also been approached to
partner in this research program."
Both Cryptosporidium and Giardia can cause severe
gastrointestinal illness (watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps,
nausea, low-grade fever, and dehydration) in humans. Giardia
is more commonly known as the parasite that causes Beaver
Fever'. People with healthy immune systems who get infected
with Cryptosporidium can recover in 7 to 10 days; however, in
severe cases, people with weakened immune systems (people
undergoing chemotherapy. AIDS patients, the elderly or
infants) can die from this illness.
Potential sources of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in surface
water include runoff from livestock manure, human sewage
effluents and sewage lagoon discharges and wildlife feces that
reach surface water.
Continued on page 2
This Week
Waterborne parasite study gets full funding
1
Alberta's 1997 agri-food exports
2
Seeding management for direct seeding
3
More news on an old pest - sclerotinia
4
Brooks to host youth exchange
4
Canadian Quality Assurance Program
5
Direct seeding into sod
6
Briefs
ASXl-JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 V^lbCffQ
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
May 4, 1998 -page 2
"Aqualta has been monitoring for Cryptosporidium and
Giardia in the raw and treated river water for the City of
Edmonton for the past seven years" says Les Gammie, PhD.,
director of quality assurance, Aqualta. "Filtration during the
water treatment process can remove 99-9 to 99 99 per cent of
all the Cryptosporidium and Giardia; however, it is not a
100 per cent guarantee that these parasites will not get into the
treated water supply. High levels of turbidity or suspended
particles in the water can compromise the filtration process
causing an increased risk of these parasites reaching the
treated water supply. If there is any significant compromise in
a water treatment system, health authorities immediately issue
boil water advisories to safeguard the public."
In the spring of 1997, the Capital Health Authority issued two
boil water advisories for people with compromised immune
systems. As a result, stakeholders came together to discuss the
issue of elevated levels of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the
North Saskatchewan River at Edmonton. A three-year research
project was proposed to identify all possible sources of
Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the North Saskatchewan River
basin, upstream of Edmonton. The primary objective of the
research is to develop strategies to protect surface water from
parasite contamination. The goals of this comprehensive
research project are to determine whether cattle, human
sewage effluent and wildlife are significant sources of parasites
to surface water.
Information gained from this research will benefit producers,
health authorities and water and wastewater treatment
facilities. Research results will also be beneficial to other
regions of Alberta and Canada.
Contact: Sandra Cooke
(403) 427-3397
Alberta's 1997 agri-food exports
Alberta's international exports of raw commodities and
processed agri-food products reached a record $5.0 billion in
1997, up marginally from $4.9 billion (revised) in 1996. From
a national perspective, Alberta accounted for one-quarter of
Canadian total agri-food exports, valued at $20.7 billion.
"The upward trend towards value adding exports continued in
1997," says Barbara Pekalski, acting trade statistician with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Exports of
value- added processed products rose 13 9 per cent to
$1.9 billion. At the same time, exports of raw farm products
dropped 6.3 per cent to $31 billion from $3 3 billion (revised)
in 1996. This was the first decline during the last five years
(1993 to 1997). Although exports of raw commodities remain
higher than value-added exports, the proportion of raw
products continues to decline."
In 1988, revenue from exports of raw farm products
represented 75 per cent of Alberta's total agri-food exports,
compared to 62 per cent in 1997. During the same period, the
proportion of value-added products increased from
25 per cent to 38 per cent in 1997. These trends reflect the
growing importance of value-added processed products in
Alberta's agri-food exports.
Top 10 commodities, accounting for 78 per cent of the
province's 1997 total agri-food exports, were;
• wheat ($1,379 million)
• beef and veal ($691 million)
• live cattle ($661 million)
• canola seed ($444 million)
• barley ($226 million)
• pork ($177 million)
• raw hides and skins ($l6l million)
• oilseed cake and meal ($92 million)
• canola oil ($90 million)
• barley malt ($87 million)
"Wheat remains Alberta's largest export commodity
accounting for 27 per cent of total agri-food export revenue in
1997 (down from 30 per cent in 1996)," says Pekalski. "The
quantity of exported wheat, at 6.0 million tonnes, rose
15 per cent over 1996. However, reflecting lower grain prices
in 1997, export values of wheat declined by seven per cent to
$1,379 million. Barley shipments fell 35 per cent to $226
million from the 1996 record value of $347 million. As well,
quantity declined 25 per cent to 1.1 million tonnes."
Canola seed exports rose in 1997, both in value (19 2 per cent
to $443.7 million) and in quantity (17.1 per cent to
1.0 million tonnes ). Increased shipments of canola seed to
Japan contributed substantially to this growth. Among the
other oilseeds, flaxseed exports showed a strong increase in
value (37 per cent) and quantity (43 per cent).
Exports of live cattle were down in 1997 from 1995 and 1996,
mainly due to higher domestic slaughter and declined
shipments to the United States. The number of live cattle
shipped from Alberta to other countries fell 19 0 per cent from
the 1996 level to 590,312 head and the value dropped
1 1 per cent to $661 million. As well, the number of live hogs
exported dropped 17 2 per cent to 364,893 head.
"On the positive side, lower exports of live cattle and hogs were
offset by increased exports of beef and pork," adds Pekalski.
"The value of beef exports rose significantly by 36.5 per cent to
$691 million and quantity was up 21 percent to 216,732
tonnes. Exports of pork were up 17.6 per cent in value and
16 per cent in quantity. Both products continued to be major
value-added exports to foreign countries."
Continued on page 3
May 4, 1998 - page 3
The primary destination of Alberta agri-food exports remains
the United States at $2 4 billion, about half of total
international exports in 1997. The next nine largest markets
were:
• Japan ($714 million)
• Iran ($201 million)
• People's Republic of China ($151 million)
• Mexico ($135 million)
• Indonesia ($133 million)
• .Algeria ($127 million)
• South Korea ($114 million)
• Belgium ($82 million)
• Brazil ($64 million)
These top 10 markets represented 83 per cent of Alberta's
value of agri-food exports in 1997, down from 85 per cent in
1996.
"Compared to 1996 export levels, the U.S. market grew
5.6 per cent. Among the top 10 markets, the greatest increase
in exports was recorded for Algeria, at 91 per cent, due to
significant purchases of wheat," says Pekalski. "Also, exports
to Iran rose by 30 per cent from 1996. because of higher
wheat sales. These increases were offset by sharp declines in
exports to Brazil (down 50 per cent) and China (down
66 per cent). Lower shipments of wheat to these two markets
contributed to these declines. The major factor contributing to
sharply lower wheat exports to China was the record domestic
production of wheat in 1996-97. China was a major buyer of
.Alberta wheat during the last five years. Exports to Japan
(Alberta's second largest market) rose three per cent, while
exports to Mexico fell six per cent."
Detailed information on Alberta's agri-food exports is available
from the Statistics Unit, Production Economics and Statistics.
(403) 427-4011, fax (403) 427-5220
Contact: Barbara Pekalski
(403) 427-5386
Seeding management for direct
seeding
With the low amount of snowfall and rain to date, farmers in
many areas of the province are concerned about a potentially
dry spring. Interest in the practice of direct seeding or reduced
tillage is at an all time high across the prairies. However, there
are a number areas that farmers are asking about when it
comes to reduced tillage and seeding management
"Soil temperature is one subject that comes up repeatedly in
talking about reducing the number of tillage passes," says
Mark Olson, crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. "The large majority of farmers believe
that tillage is required to warm-up (he soil and thai later
emergence and maturity occurs with direct seeded crops
Studies across Western Canada have shown a one to two
degree C difference in temperature of the seedbed in favor of
conventional tillage compared to direct seeded soils This
difference in seedbed soil temperature between s\ stems
disappears by mid summer
Farmers that have experience in direct seeding handle the
seedbed temperature difference in a number of ways," savs
Olson. "Seeding shallower is a common solution, because of
soil moisture reserves right on the surface Another practice
used is a high disturbance seeding pass with wide sweeps on
an air-seeder to get some blackening of the soil surface above
the seed row This, in theory increases the albedo or soil
surface's ability to absorb heat and warms the soils faster
Disturbance limited to jusl above the seedrow is probably
more desirable since an undisturbed residue layer will result
in cooler temperatures between the rows and may create an
unfavorable environment for weed growih
"Another factor to consider is the order in which crops are
seeded. Cooler season crops, such as field peas, are seeded
first since this crop will germinate at lower temperatures than
cereals and oilseeds Farmers seeding into cooler soils will
also use a seed treatment to protect the seed and seedling
from fungal diseases found in the soil. Last, the use of good
quality seed.seed with a high germination and vigor will
certainly help eliminate differences between seeding systems "
The handling of large amounts crop residues and chaff is the
second concern fanners often ask about. Ideally, chaff and
straw management starts with the combine in the fall prior to
moving into this system. Even distribution of straw and chaff is
paramount since it allows seeding equipment to operate more
effectively and provides good soil to seed contact. Soil to seed
contact is most important since a condition known is hair
pinning, when straw is pushed into the soil stranding newly
germinated seedlings from the soil, will result if the straw and
chaff is not spread.
"Achieving even chaff and straw distribution this spring will be
a challenge." adds Olson Harrowing spreads straw, presses
loose straw into the soil surface and breaks up piles However,
chaff w hich makes up 1 3-35 per cent of the residue doesn't
spread very well using conventional harrows, such as the
diamond tooth."
Heavy harrows which have aggressive spreading action are one
option used by farmers who direct seed. Heavy harrows under
the right moisture conditions (usually dry, warm dav tune
temperatures and high speed), will break up stubble and straw
and do an adequate job of spreading chaff Farmers using
either conventional or heavy harrows may have to test the field
a number of times before environmental conditions allow the
equipment to do an acceptable job A second harrowing
operation to achieve good even distribution may be required
Continued on page 4
May 4, 1998 -page 4
Farmers using conventional harrows who don't have access to
heavy harrows, must use caution since the harrows do not do
an acceptable job of spreading chaff. Hair pinning, especially if
using double disc seeders, may cause uneven emergence and
disastrous results. In these instance a tillage pass before
seeding may be the best option.
"As in any new practice on the farm, fine tuning, common
sense and experience make the system successful - and direct
seeding or reduced tillage is no exception," says Olson.
Contact: Mark Olson
(403) 980-4898
More news on an old pest -
sclerotica
Alberta canola producers are familiar with most aspects of
sclerotinia. The disease is caused by a fungus. The disease
overwinters in the form of sclerotia, which can remain in the
soil for at least five years.
"Small, flesh-colored, golf tee shaped structures produce the
spores that spread the disease in fields, says Jim Broatch,
cereal and oilseed specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, Provost. "The disease is promoted by
moisture, warm weather and the presence of flower petal
remains that act as a food source for the sclerotia. Reduced
yields are the result."
If conditions that favor the disease are present and since
spores can also be spread by wind for several kilometres,
producers can assume the disease is present in canola. A
more reliable indicator of disease level is a petal test kit.
Timing is important and fungicide application must occur in
the 20 to 50 per cent bloom stage, depending on the choice of
products. The 20 per cent bloom stage occurs four to eight
days after flowering starts and the 50 per cent bloom stage can
be up to 14 days after flowering starts but can vary with variety
and growing conditions. Both ground and aerial application
methods can be used.
"To decide if controls should be used in canola crops, the
benefit must out-weigh the costs, which run about $22 per
acre," adds Broatch. "Remember that besides a yield
advantage, producers should also get higher grades because of
more even crop maturity and dry down in the swath, less
swath rot, less green seed.
"These decisions are always difficult and made more difficult
with the limited time frames, weather influences and product
costs. Alberta Agriculture's cereal and oilseed specialists are
available and only a phone call away."
Contact: Jim Broatch
(403) 753-687!
Brooks to host youth exchange
The communities of Canmore, Cochrane and Brooks will each
host a group of 16 young people from Canada, Poland and the
Ukraine from September to November, 1998 on a Canada
World Youth exchange program. This two and a half month
stay in Alberta communities is the first portion of a seven-
month learning experience. The second stage takes place in
Poland.
"Canada World Youth is a private, non-profit organization that
offers young people a non-formal education program based on
community and international development," says Gordon
Frank, crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Brooks. "The program is carried out through
exchanges between young Canadians 17 to 20 years-of-age and
young people in Asia, Africa, Latin America, the Carribean,
Central and Eastern Europe. Funding is provided by private
donors and the Canadian International Development Agency
(CIDA)."
Since 1971, over 22,000 young people have participated in
Canada World Youth's exchange programs across Canada and
in over 40 countries. Tens of thousands of people throughout
the world have shared this unique learning experience with
them and thousands of families and communities have
welcomed these young people into their homes and work
environments.
"Eight young Canadians were selected from across Canada to
participate in the exchange and will be accompanied by a
qualified field staff person or project leader who will be
responsible for the group," says Marcus Glickman, program
coordinator with Canada World Youth, Edmonton. "The Polish
counterparts will be chosen from youths involved with the
Water Supply Foundation, a private voluntary organization
active in rural development in Poland. The Ukrainian youth
will be coming from the Ostroh Academy, a small university
located in western Ukraine. These eight youths will also be
accompanied by a project leader from Poland."
The Canadian project leader arrives in the community in mid-
June to begin the project development for the exchange. The
16 participants arrive in the beginning of September.
"The project leader will be looking for host families for the
exchange," adds Glickman. "What Canada World Youth
primarily looks for in a host family is an openness and
enthusiasm to share part of their home life with two young
people; in exchange, it is hoped that their lives will be
enriched by these new interactions. Each host family will have
two exchange participants, one from Canada and one from
Poland or the Ukraine. A billeting stipend to host families can
be provided by Canada World Youth."
Continued on page 5
For more information about becoming a host family or about
the program, contact G'ickman or Chariene Ball, program
officer, at the Edmonton Office of Canada Uorld Youth (403)
432-1877.
Contact: Gordon Frank Marcus (Hickman
(403) 362-1212 (403) 432-1877
Canadian Quality Assurance
Program
The Canadian Pork Council (CPC) officially announced the
launch of the Canadian Quality Assurance Program (CQA™) in
Ottawa on April 8th. In a press conference designed to
announce the program to industry partners and the
agricultural press, CPC president Edouard Asnong emphasized
that the program is a producer-driven initiative to ensure the
hogs that leave our farms meet the stringent food safety and
quality demands of today's consumers. Asnong also noted that
no single group can take on the task of assuring quality It has
to be addressed at every step of the producer-to-consumer
chain. The CQA™ program is our producers' contribution to
achieving that goal.
Comments by Jim Smith, a producer from Innisfail, Alberta
and Chair of the CQA'" Technical Working Committee,
explained that this is not a reaction to food safety problems in
the industry Canadian pork products continue to be
recognized for quality in markets throughout the world. But in
today's highly competitive global food markets, the key to
maintaining and building market share lies in meeting
customer demand.
"The CQA'" program is based on the principles of HACCP an
internationally recognized food safety concept that requires the
identification of potential hazards in the production chain."
says Dawn LeBlanc, coordinator of Alberta Quality Pork. "As
one of the members of the national Technical Working
Committee so aptly described it. the basics of this program are
to Write ,:. do it. and record if. The program has been
designed to demonstrate to customers of Canadian pork, both
here at home and for our trading partners, that Canadian hog
producers are committed to the highest production
standards."
The program is completely voluntary Producers who decide to
enrol in the program are required to complete an assessment
manual for their farm. This manual puts forward questions for
the producer to consider and answer. These may be simple
yes/no questions, they may ask the producer to write a
protocol, for example for use in mixing feed on-farm or the
question may ask the producer to itemize the types of
medications that are used on this farm and how they are used.
After the manual has been completed, the necessary records
as outlined by the program must be kept. When the producer
has completed the assessment manual and maintained
May 4, 1998 -page 5
complete records for a period of no less than three months,
he she may contact their delivery agency or herd health
veterinarian (provided that he she has been trained as a
program validator) to arrange for the validation of their
records and protocols
"The purpose of this validation is not to "pass" or "fail" a
producer based on their replies or record keeping but to work
with producers to maintain and raise the quality of an alreadv
well-respected product, savs LeBlanc
In reference to the record keeping. Smith commented that
producers will find those records will help them maintain
quality and production consistency in the final product
"Most producers are already meeting the standards set out bv
the program," adds LeBlanc "Those producers who may not
be meeting all of the standards will find suggested guidelines
in the Producer Manual to help them make the necessary
changes to meet these ,>;andards."
The standards adopted bv the Canadian Quality Assurance
program include all of those that had been in place for the
Alberta Quality Pork (AQP) pilot program plus some
additional. This being the case, the CQA'" will be replacing the
AQP program but the name will be maintained for the
provincial delivery agency Producers, processors and
veterinarians from across Alberta, the Alberta Pork Producers
Development Corporation, representatives from Alberta
Agriculture, and Fletcher's Fine Foods have played an integral
role in the development of both the provincial pilot program
and in providing feedback to develop the national program.
These groups will continue to be active in providing feedback
as the CQA™ program continues to develop
More information will be made available in the coming
months on the Canadian Pork Council web site
http: 'www.canpork.ca
In Alberta, the provincial delivery agency. Alberta Quality Pork,
can be reached at (403) 422-4844 or by
e-mail: Quality.Pork(" agric.jjov.ab.ca
"In the coming months. Alberta Quality Pork representatives
will be travelling to various areas of the province to conduct
information and enrollment meetings with producers, savs
LeBlanc. "These will be announced in the Western Hog
Exchange newsletter. New Fresh News, or contact Alberta
Quality Pork lor more information."
Contact Dawn LeBlanc
(403) 427-4844
May 4, 1998 -page 6
Direct seeding into sod
Five years of research, by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's conservation and development branch
research team in Edmonton, led by John Keng, has generated
some valuable information that could save producers a lot of
time and money. The team studied the agronomics and
economics of direct seeding canola, peas, barley and wheat
into sod.
"Results from these tests show that planning ahead is
advisable," says Eric Oosterhuis, former Alberta Reduced
Tillage Initiative (ARTI) agronomist. "Better results will be
obtained when the sod field is sprayed the year prior to
seeding. A longer time interval between spraying and seeding
gives more time for the sod to breakdown. Apply Round Up at a
rate of 2.0 litre per acre in the fall or a split application of
15 litre per acre in the fall plus 0.5 litre per acre the next
spring.
"Forages must be sprayed when the grasses are at least eight
inches tall and actively growing. The study included a mixture
of 240 ml 2,4-D in the fall applied Roundup. Caution should
be used with 2,4-D as residual effects can harm subsequent
crop growth of field peas or canola. The forages should not be
used for livestock feed if 2,4-D was applied prior to
harvesting."
Seed size appears to have a major effect on the success of
crops direct seeded into sod. Small seeded crops don't appear
well suited for direct seeding into sod. Their shallow seeding
depth requirements results in the seed being placed in the
thatch layer, resulting in poor seed to soil contact; poor
moisture uptake by the seed and, therefore, poor germination,
emergence and yield.
"Barley, having an average size seed, is a very competitive crop
and appears to be well suited for direct seeding into sod," says
Oosterhuis. "Ensure a barley variety resistant to cereal leaf
disease is selected as Net-blotch and Scald can transfer from
the decaying forage grass roots onto the new barley plant
roots. Field-peas that have a very large seed size appear to be
very well suited for direct seeding into sod. They are not
subject to cereal leaf disease and, because they are inoculated
with nitrogen fixing bacteria called Rhizobia, they generate the
best net return for producers."
Nitrogen fertilizer requirements for crops direct seeded into
sod tend to be quite high, around 90 pounds per acre of actual
N. The microbes or microscopic sized insects living in the soil
that break down the forage residues, feed on the N— fertilizer
as a source of energy and then return to breaking down the
forage residue. These microbes tend to "tie-up" the nitrogen
fertilizer resulting in nitrogen not available for crop growth
until a later period.
"Properly inoculated field peas form pinkish nitrogen-fixing
nodules on the roots of the pea plants,' adds Oosterhuis.
"These nodules contain bacteria organisms called rhizobia.
The rhizobia fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and supply it
directly to the pea plant. This symbiotic relationship between
the rhizobia and the pea plant eliminates the nitrogen tie-up
fertilizer N. The cost to inoculate field peas is much cheaper
compared to fertilizing."
The research study also involved a comparison of two different
types of direct seeding equipment. They compared a zero-till
machine using a John Deere 750 series drill equipped with
disc type openers to a low disturbance direct seeder using a
Harmon air-drill equipped with narrow hoe type openers. The
results reflected that the small amount of soil disturbance
experienced from the narrow hoe type openers created a
better seed to soil contact environment for all of the crop types
studied as they tended to yield slightly higher than the crops
seeded with the zero till 750 series drill.
"For more information on direct seeding into sod contact your
nearest ARTI agronomist or Alberta Agriculture specialist,"
says Peter Gamache, ARTI program manager.
Contact: Peter Gamache
ARTI program manager
(403) 427-3361
May 4, 1998 - page 7
Agri-News Briefs
Fertilize grass to increase yield
A grass yield of two ions per acre removes 70 pounds of
nitrogen. 20 pounds of phosphorus, 90 pounds of potassium
and 10 pounds of sulphur. In order for a grass stand to
maintain itself, these nutrients must be replaced. If adequate
fertilizer isn't used, three to five years of continuous forage
production can deplete soil nutrient reserves and cause a
serious nutrient deficiency. Soil test to determine levels of
nutrients required. Nitrogen will be the main nutrient
component, but applications of phosphorous have also shown
benefits of increased yield. Broadcast applications are
common for hayland and the largest benefit is seen when
fertilizer is applied earlv in the spring. Either 34-0-0 or 46-0-0
can be used as a nitrogen source although 46-0-0 should only
be used when air and soil temperatures are cool and ideally
when rainfall is imminent. Fertilizer benefit is always the best
under good moisture conditions, but a well-rooted grass stand
provided with adequate nutrients will make better use of
limited moisture. For more information, contact Ross
Hutchison, forage specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development (403) 826-3388, Bonnyville, or any of
Alberta Agriculture's forage specialists.
Direct seeding in wet years
The proceedings from the January 15. 1998 Direct Seeding in
Wet Years conference are now available. Approximately 120
people from across the Peace region attended the workshop
held in Fairview. The workshop was sponsored by Alberta
Reduced Tillage Initiative, Peace Region Alberta Agriculture
fieldmen. Aiberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture.
Monsanto, Farm Credit Corporation, Ducks Unlimited and
Fairview College. For more information or a copy of the
proceedings, contact John Zylstra. conservation coordinator,
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Peace
region. (403) 835-2291.
Farm Operations Cost Guide
The l^H Farm Operations Cost Guide I tgdex #825 1 1 is
now available The sur\c\ summary organizes and reports
1997 custom rates for certain custom operations on Alberta
farms Farmers may find custom rates useful as a guide for
machinery management, budgeting and financial planning for
credit needs The custom rates can also be used as a guide in
negotiating settlements for work performed Lenders,
educators, government institutions and others doing budgeting
or planning analysis may also find custom rates helpful Along
with the custom rates survey summary, the Guide includes a
farm machinery cost guide and a section on calculating farm
machinery costs. The Guide. $5 plus GST, is available at all
Alberta Agriculture offices or through the Alberta Agriculture.
Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6
Credit card orders, VISA or MasterCard, call toll free
1-800-292-5697. Add S2 plus GST for shipping and handling
for all phone orders.
Pulse challenge
The Alberta Pulse Growers Commission is holding an incentive
program for first time growers to try 40 acres of pulses crops
in their rotation. A 25 per cent discount is available from
participating seed suppliers, including seed treatment:
Cyanamid for Odyssey or Bayer for Sencor; and MicroBio
Rhizogen for SelfStik inoculant Discounts are available to
growers who:
• have never grown a pulse crop (peas, beans, lentils);
• have not grown a pulse crop since 1992; and,
• are existing pulse growers and want to try a new pulse crop.
For more information, contact the Pulse Challenge. Alberta
Pulse Growers Commission (403) 986-9398
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada^
3 3286 51512 7104
May 11,1998
Dutch elm disease awareness
week
Dutch Elm Disease (DED) has killed millions of elms
throughout North America since its introduction in 1930. The
disease is on the move in the south eastern corner of
Saskatchewan according to 1997 surveys where thousands of
elms were infected last year, and it is also heing fought in
Montana. Alberta still has the largest DED-free stands of
American elms in the world.
"The week of June 1-5. 1998 has been proclaimed Dutch Elm
Disease Awareness Week in Alberta by the Minister of
.Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development, Honourable
Ed Stelmach and by the Society to Prevent Dutch Elm Disease
(STOPDED)," says Janet Feddes-Calpas, Dutch Elm Disease
Coordinator, with the Crop Diversification Centre - South,
Alberta Agriculture, Brooks. "STOPDED. a nonprofit
organization, and Alberta Agriculture are working partners in
keeping Alberta free of this deadly disease and its costly
consequences. They are asking the assistance of the general
public to help save our beautiful American elm trees."
STOPDED members include nurserymen, landscapes,
commercial and municipality arborists, provincial and
municipal parks staff, research scientists, and other interested
Albertans. The goal is to preserve and protect the Alberta elm
trees from DED.
In March of 1997. STOPDED received funding from Human
Resources Development Canada (HRDC), to provide new and
sustainable employment opportunities within STOPDED's
Prevention Program. As a result of this funding. STOPDED has
hired personnel on a province-wide basis.
"STOPDED employees are presently completing a province-
wide elm inventory, recording the condition and size of each
tree and increasing public awareness on DED in all
municipalities," says Feddes-Calpas. "A complete elm
inventory supplies the basic information necessary for an
effective management program should DED appear in Alberta
The information will identify areas where intensive
surveillance is necessary due to the number and or condition
of the elm trees. A more accurate dollar value of the elms can
also be made using the inventory information
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Dutch Elm Disease awareness week 1
Control of leaf and berry spot disease 2
Protecting livestock from coyotes 3
Water wells that last 3
New Alberta Agriculture videos spark interest 4
4-H gives youth the edge on careers 4
Canadian 4-H delegation chosen for travel to US 5
Opportunities and profits 5
Briefs 6
ASXi-JV^WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403) 427-2861 /dlbCffO
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
May 11, 1998 -page 2
"DED is a disease caused by a fatal fungus that clogs the elm
tree's water conducting system, causing its leaves to wilt and
the tree to die, usually within one or two seasons. The fungus
which affects all species of elm is spread mainly from one tree
to another by two species of insect vectors, the smaller
European elm bark beetle, and the native elm bark beetle.
These two beetles are attracted to elm trees that are dying or
have recently died from stresses such as DED to breed. Once
they have pupated and turned into adults they leave their
brood gallery and fly to healthy elms to feed thus transporting
the fungus on their bodies from one tree to the next."
For this reason, it is important that elm firewood not be
transported into or within Alberta as it may be harboring the
bark beetles that carry the deadly DED fungus. Firewood is
also confiscated at all the Alberta-Montana border crossings.
Monitoring for the beetle is done every year throughout the
province. Although DED has not been reported in Alberta, the
smaller elm bark beetle has been found in Calgary, Edmonton,
St. Albert, Strathcona County, Vauxhall and High River.
"All municipalities are being encouraged to develop a DED
prevention program," adds Feddes-Calpas. "A DED Response
Plan has been completed for the province of Alberta outlining
the responsibilities of organizations in the management of
DED."
STOPDED is asking the public to:
• Take preventive measures by keeping your elm trees
healthy, vigorous and properly pruned.
• Water elms well from April to mid-August To allow the tree
to harden off for the winter, watering should be stopped
mid-August followed by a good soaking or two before
freeze-up.
• Remove dead branches and trees that provide beetle
habitat. Since elm bark beetles are attracted to fresh tree
wounds, pruning should be done between October 1 and
March 31 when the beetles are not in their active stage.
• Dispose of all elm wood. Take it to local landfills or burn,
bury or chip it, because elm wood provides ideal breeding
sites for the tiny elm bark beetle that spreads Dutch elm
disease.
• Learn how to identify the signs of Dutch elm disease and
beetle activity so that you can report them to the nearest
DED Hotline. Symptoms usually appear in mid-June to
mid-July when the leaves wilt or droop, curls up and
become brown. Leaves on trees infected later in the season
usually turn yellow and drop prematurely. All these
symptoms are accompanied by brown staining in the
sapwood, just below the bark.
• Become more involved in the preservation of elm trees,
become a STOPDED non profit organization member.
DO NOT:
• DO NOT store elm firewood!
• DO NOT transport elm firewood!
• DO NOT prune elms between April 1st and September
30th!
Until there is a cure, prevention remains the most
effective form of control. For more information on Dutch
elm disease or the DED prevention program visit the
STOPDED Internet site at
http://ww.agric.gov.ab.ca/crops/trees/ded.html
or call the hotline closest to you.
Brooks (403) 362-0271
Medicine Hat (403) 529-8333
Calgary (403) 221-4686
Red Deer (403) 342-8234
Edmonton (403) 496-6905
Strathcona County (403) 467-5800 (ext: 33 1 5)
Lethbridge (403) 320-3075
St. Albert (403) 459-1592
Lloydminister (306) 825-6184
Provincial DED Hotline - Toll free 310-0000 and ask for
362-1300
Contact: Janet Feddes-Calpas
(403) 362-/337
Control of leaf and berry spot
disease
The successful joint effort between saskatoon berry growers
and Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development
researchers resulted in the development of an effective control
measure of Entomosporium leaf and berry spot disease of
saskatoon berries.
"The disease caused significant economic losses to saskatoon
growers in previous years. The losses from this disease,
however, are now a thing from the past," says Dr. Piara Bains,
research scientist/plant pathologist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Alberta growers provided
research funds, helped to obtain research funds from other
funding agencies and provided free access to orchards to
conduct the research."
Although there is always room for improvement, saskatoon
growers are satisfied that effective measures have been
developed to control this disease. An integrated management
approach was taken to combat this disease.
"Research on control strategies resulted in the registration of
two fungicides by Pest Management Regulatory Agency, Health
Canada," says Bains. "The fungicides are Topas 250E
(propiconazole) and Kumulus DF (sulphur). Integrated
Cont d on page 3
control strategy also included the evaluation of susceptibilities
of various saskatoon cultivars to the pathogen and evaluation
of the role of litter in disease development."
The result of this successful joint effort is that there is now a
very reduced risk of the disease. Growers can experience full
yield potential from saskatoon bushes without the losses
caused by this disease.
Contact: Dr. Piara Bains
(403) 415-2302
Protecting livestock from
coyotes
Spring time means calving and lambing on many Alberta
farms. It's also a time when farmers should be closely
watching to see that stock, and the new offspring, are
appropriately protected from coyotes.
"Unfortunately, dozens of young and newborn calves and
lambs are injured or killed by coyotes every year because they
are not adequately protected," says John Bourne, vertebrate
pest specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Vermilion. "Young livestock are very vulnerable
and require close attention during the first few weeks following
birth.
Once coyote predation on lambs and calves begins it can be
difficult to control, which puts other animals at risk as well.
The best way to control coyote predation is to prevent it. There
are many steps farmers can take to help prevent coyote
predation. Here are a few recommendations:
• Remove all dead livestock, stillborns and afterbirths from
the farm property. Burn, deep bury and lime cover dead
stock or have them taken to a rendering plant.
• Always confine cows and ewes that are about to give birth,
particularly those with their first born. Ewes with lambs
should be confined for at least two weeks after birth; cows
and calves at least one week.
• Keep fences well maintained, particularly barrier fences of
multi-strand design (high tensile steel wire) or woven wire.
Barrier type fences can be electrified by adding a single
strand of electric wire at the base of or above the fence.
Coyotes prefer to dig under or pass through a fence so the
fence wire must be as close to the ground and as tight as
possible. Remember, holes in or depressions under page
wire fences or leaning or loose wire fences are not much of
a deterrent to coyotes.
• Electric fences made of seven or more strands of high
tensile steel wire with good grounding and a powerful
energizer will help keep coyotes out. Such fences can last
as long as conventional woven wire fences and cost less to
build.
May 11, 1998 -page 3
• Confine livestock at night in lighted corrals where the risk
of predation is high Avoid pastures where predation is
severe, at least until young animals are several weeks old
• Use guard animals such as donkevs or, dogs to protect
livestock. Guard animals need to be properlv introduced to
livestock before placing them in a herd or flock For best
results consult a reputable breeder
• Removing coyotes by using a firearm, traps or snares.
w here legal, w ill keep coyotes away Check with municipal
or provincial authorities beforehand Calling and shooting
or hunting coyotes is another good way to protect your
property. Always keep your firearm sighted in and ready for
use.
More information is available in two publications:
Preventions and Control of Coyote Predations. $5 plus
GST. and Fencing with Electricity. $10 plus GST These
publications can be purchased at ail district offices of Alberta
Agriculture or through the Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13
Street, Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6. Call toll free 1-800-292-5697
for Visa and MasterCard orders. Add $2 plus GST for shipping
and handling.
Contact: John Bourne
(403) 853-8225
Water wells that last
The new updated version of Water Wells ... that last for
generations publication is now available in district Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development offices across the
province. Copies of this free publication are also available from
agricultural water specialists located in the regional Agriculture
offices in Barrhead and Red Deer.
"The 90-page water well manual was designed to provide rural
Albertans with some basic information on groundwater
resources and wells." says Bob Buchanan, agricultural water
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. "The manual is intended to
assist people in making wise decisions when planning new-
wells or troubleshooting problems with older wells Over the
years we've found that people don't understand groundwater
and wells and this leads to many wells failing prematurely The
manual contains 12 modules that will assist people in
understanding the factors that affect groundwater supply and
quality. The requirements of a properly designed and
constructed water well are also included as well as modules to
help well owners manage, maintain and protect their water
wells more effectively."
Cont d on page 4
May 11, 1998 -page 4
Alberta Agriculture also has three accompanying videos for
rent to clients. The names of the videos are:
• part one Planning and Construction $10 plus GST
• part two Managing and Maintaining $10 plus GST
• part three Shock Chlorination $20 plus GST
Videos are available for sale from the multi-media branch in
Edmonton at the price listed. To purchase, call
(403) 422-3951. For toll free access outside the Edmonton
area, dial 310-0000 first.
The manual and videos were produced jointly by Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Alberta
Environmental Protection and the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation
Administration, with revisions assistance from the Alberta
Water Well Drillers Association.
"On behalf of the agencies involved in the development of this
information series we hope you will use the manual and
videos to help your water wells to last for generations," adds
Buchanan. "We welcome any comments or questions you have
on the manual or videos."
Contact:
Bob Buchanan
(403) 674-8252
Ken Williamson
(403) 340-5324
New Alberta Agriculture videos
spark interest
Two new Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development
produced videos are getting a lot of attention around the
province.
Both Handling and Feeding Sheep and Ins and Outs of
Saskatoon Production are recent additions to the Alberta
Agriculture library and sales systems. "We've had quite a good
initial response on both," says multi-media branch
information officer, Ken Blackley. "Both contain good, solid
information that can help producers get the job done."
The first, Handling and Feeding Sheep, emphasizes the
need to understand the animal. "Handling sheep isn't the
same as handling other livestock," says Blackley. "Because of
their smaller size and easy temperament, they must be dealt
with differently than cattle or swine. This video really brings
this out, and has lots of good ideas to help producers get a
better understanding of what makes a good sheep facility."
The second, The Ins and Outs of Saskatoon Production,
is a must-see for Saskatoon producers or those considering get
involved with the crop.
"Saskatoon production is really a growing industry here in the
province," says Blackley, "And a lot of successful commercial
and U-Pick operations owe their success to their planning and
to their knowledge about the crop. This video is a real help in
this as it shows you what to look for , what to avoid and the
steps you can take to ensure a profitable Saskatoon harvest."
Both videos can be borrowed for a small service fee from any
Alberta Agriculture district office, or from the central multi-
media library in Edmonton. Both are also available for sale
from the multi-media branch in Edmonton at a cost of $25
each plus shipping-and-handling and GST where applicable. To
purchase, call (403)422-3951. For toll free access outside the
Edmonton area, dial 310-0000 first.
Contact: Ken Blackley
Phone (403) 422-3951 or Fax (403) 427-2861
4-H gives youth the edge on
careers
The workforce of the 90's is a changing one that often leaves
young people faced with harsh realities. Increased
competition, fewer jobs, higher mandatory skill and education
requirements. Young people must make all the right choices
early in order to gain an edge.
"The 4-H program is committed to giving young people that
edge and provides training through its National 4-H Careers
Conference to achieve this goal," says Carol Sullivan,
provincial 4-H communications and marketing specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "The 1998
conference, held in Winnipeg, Manitoba, March 28 to April 5,
used industry tours, workshops and speaker presentations to
encourage 4-H members to explore and carefully consider the
various career opportunities available to them, both in the
agriculture sector and other industries."
Alberta's Kim Wieting, a member of the 4-H Busy Brushes
Club from Drayton Valley, and Diane Ringle, a member of the
DCC Ridgevalley 4-H Beef Club, from DeBolt, joined 18
national 4-H delegates and 33 senior Manitoba 4-H members.
They attended the conference, participating in panel
discussions, examining careers choices and entrepreneurship.
They also received valuable career guidance and employment
tips through a job preparation workshop.
"The conference delegates then had the opportunity to put
their skills into practice during mock interview sessions," says
Sullivan. "Several experienced and high calibre professionals
contributed to the conference; Ray Cote of University of
Manitoba Career Planning and Placement as well as Lise
Tanguay, Human Resources of Monsanto Canada. There was
also a panel of young rising entrepreneurs who talked about
creating opportunities to build your own future. Delegates also
had the opportunity to visit a variety of Winnipeg area
businesses and organizations including facilities such as
United Grain Growers, the Royal Bank of Canada, the Herzing
Career College Institute and the Winnipeg Commodity
Exchange."
Cont 'd on page 5
The success of any 4-H event is largely due to the generous
financial assistance provided hy its sponsors Numerous
companies and provincial sponsors support National 4-H
Careers Conference. Canadian 4-H Council sponsors providing
major support for the 1998 conference included: Prairie Fools
Inc., Investors Group, Royal Bank of Canada, Pioneer Hi-Bred
Limited, Canada Safeway and Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada
Canadian 4-H Council officials join Manitoba organizers and
the 1998 delegates in thanking this year's conference sponsors
for helping to develop tomorrow's industry leaders.
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
Canadian 4-H delegation
chosen for travel to US
Ten senior 4-H members were chosen again this year to
represent their province and Canada internationally at the
68th Annual U.S. National 4-H Conference at the National 4-H
Centre in Washington, D.C. Congratulations to our deserving
Canadian ambassadors which included Albertans Kristi Stelter,
Bindloss 4-H Multi Club from Bindloss and Leanne Holt.
Thorhild 4-H Crafty Creators from Redwater.
"The conference, held March 26 - April 4, brought together
320 delegates from across the United States as well as our
Canadian contingent and other guests from Costa Rica," says
Carol Sullivan, provincial 4-H communications and marketing
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "The theme of this year's event was S'etwork for
Action - Are you into It? The focus, as in the past, was to help
chart the future of the 4-H program. The conference is not a
workshop where delegates are taught but a working conference
that encourages delegates to work together to develop
recommendations for change, as well as innovative ideas and
approaches that will improve the direction of the overall 4-H
program and make 4-H better for future generations.
Delegates participated in consulting group sessions working on
issues facing youth such as Making the Transition from School
to Career. Community Crime Prevention. Healthy Lifestyle
Choices and Serving the Community. Delegates also visited the
Canadian Embassy and other points of historical and political
interest around Washington, including Capitol Hill. Prior to
their US experience, Canadian delegates assembled in Ottawa
for an orientation which included tours of Parliament Hill, the
Supreme Court and a ceremony at Citizenship Court.
May 11, 1998 -page 5
Canadian participation in this prestigious I S conference has
been fully funded bv The Semex Alliance since 1987 Semev a
world leader in livestock genetics, maintains that, "Today's
youth are the key to tomorrow's agricultural industry; our best
resource and our future." The Canadian 4-H Council, the
1998 delegates, and the more than one hundred delegates
who have travelled to the US before them under the
sponsorship of The Semex Alliance, are very grateful lor their
involvement, support and generosity.
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
Opportunities and profits
Alberta producers should mark their calendars now and plan
to attend Opportunities and Profits II - Special Crops
into the 21st Century The new date for the conference is
November 1 to 3, 1998, in Edmonton at the Convention Inn
South. The conference was originally scheduled for November
11 to 13, but to avoid overlap with other agriculture events, it
is now scheduled a week earlier.
"If the interest in the recent hemp symposiums is any
indication, there are many producers and processors
enthusiastic about special crops and new opportunities" says
Wayne Goruk. the special crops conference chair. "Over 500
people participated in the recent hemp symposiums held in
Red Deer and Edmonton. People are looking for information
and ideas on production, processing and marketing "
Production, processing and marketing information are the key
topics on the agenda of the Special Crops conference There
will be more information about hemp Dr Stan Blade will
share harvesting experiences. Other special crops will also be
discussed at length Pea butter, mustard, medicinal plants,
lentils, and herbs and spices are just a few of the crops being
featured.
"Researchers, processors and farmers will share experiences."
says Goruk. "Producers looking at the potential for profit in
Alberta from these special crops will want to attend ."
For more information on the conference and registration,
contact Goruk at (403) 427-3122.
Contact: Wayne Goruk Dr Stan Made
(403) 427-3122 (403) 422-1789
May 1 1, 1998 - page 6 Nationa, Library 0i Canada
Bibliothgque nationale du Canada
Agri-News Briefs
* 3 3286 51512 7229
Spring harvesting strategies for
dealing with deer excreta
The Canadian Grain Commission (CGC) encourages farmers to
develop strategies to deal with deer excreta in spring harvested
grain. Buyers of Canadian grain have made it clear that they
don't want to receive grain containing excreta. Some potential
strategies might involve:
• preventing deer from accessing grain which is stored in
piles on the ground
• cleaning the grain before delivering it to the elevators
• finding alternative markets
Dealing with this material has caused significant problems and
slowed grain movement. Various measures have already been
taken to deal with these problems. The recently appointed
Barley Cleanliness Committee will recommend new measures
in the near future. The CGC is the federal agency responsible
for establishing and maintaining Canada's grain quality
standards. As well, the CGC regulates the grain industry to
ensure the integrity of grain transactions. The head office is
located at 303 Main St., Winnipeg, Manitoba. For more
information, contact Tom Askin (204) 983-2758 or
e-mail: taskin@cgc.ca
CWB and OWPMB comparative
study
A study, commissioned by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, provides information and compares the Ontario
Wheat Producers Marketing Board (OWPMB) and the
Canadian Wheat Board (CWB). The differences and similarities
between the two boards are cf interest to farmers in Alberta
and across the country. Copies of the 107-page study are now
available upon request, at no charge, by contacting the Policy
Secretariat Division of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, J.G. O'Donoghue Building, 3rd floor,
7000 - 113 Street, Edmonton AB T6H 5T6, or
phone: (403) 422-2070.
1998 Provincial Direct Seeding
Demonstration
The 1998 Provincial Direct Seeding Demonstration will be held
July 7 at the Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative's (ARTI) direct
seeding site just west of Red Deer. On May, 10 to 12 direct
seeding drills will seed at the site. The same drills will seed
again on July 7. The 80 acre site is a must see for producers. It
features not only the direct seeding drills but numerous direct
seeded plots. Barley, wheat, canola, peas and forages will be
grown in the plots and include some late fall seeded canola
and cereals. Producers will be able to see some of the do's and
don'ts of direct seeding related to residue management,
fertilizer placement and seeding depth. Weed control plots will
include Roundup Ready Canola, surface applied, non-
incorporated granular herbicides, harvest staging trials,
Lontrel/Roundup in canola, and new weed chemistry. Other
plots include seed treatments, seeding depths and timing of
weed removal and direct seeding into forages. Monsanto, Dow
AgroSciences, Westco, Agrium and Agriculture Canada have
extensive plots at the site. The Red Deer direct seeding site is
located one kilometre west of the intersection of Highway 2
and 32 Street on the west side of Red Deer. The site is open
throughout the growing season for self-guided tours. For more
information on the site and the equipment field day call
Michelle McKinnon at (403) 948-8512.
Pasture school
The Western Forage/Beef Group are holding a pasture school
at the Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, on June 15 to 17,
1998. Topics covered in the seminar and field sessions
include: pasture ecology, grass/legume growth and
development, managing pasture production, grazing nutrition,
pasture plant identification, pasture fertility and nutrient
cycling, pasture production and sustainability, pasture species,
and many more. Presenters are leading edge graziers,
consultants, forage and beef researchers and extension
specialists. Pre-registration with payment is required as
attendance is limited. The pasture school costs $240 per
person and $160 for each additional family member (includes
GST). For further information, contact Cathy Hendrickson
(403) 782-8030 or Grant Lastiwka (403) 782-8028, Lacombe.
Agri -News
Nil
19%
May 18, 1998
Ellerslie beef cow research
project
Cow/calf production has accounted for a very small percentage
of beef production research. The majority of research done in
support of the beef industry focuses on the feeding sector and
as a result great advances have been made in this area.
"The cow calf sector of the industry is faced with many
challenges and has a much lower level of support in terms of
production related research," says Brian Koberstein. beef
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. Wetaskiwin. "The past 20 years have shown a
continuing rise in input costs and the price of calves hasn't
kept pace. This means that cow calf producers have had to
find production enhancing or cost saving ways to raise calu's
Producers have been forced to find ways to improve
production efficiency to stay in business. Cost of production
surveys conducted over the past 10 years, generally show very
tight profit margins."
The Ellerslie Beef Cow Research project, a cooperative effort
between the University of Alberta, Alberta Agriculture's
northwest region beef specialists and the Lakedell Agriculture
Society, was instigated to find ways to reduce the overall cost of
producing calves to increase profit margins and return to
investment. The project focuses on the highest single variable
cost in producing a calf, feeding the cow through the dormant
season, winter feeding during the cow's dry period. The initial
goal was to compare winter feeding strategies and the types of
cows being fed.
"During the first year. 24 producers from across Alberta
contributed 200 cows to be fed at Ellerslie." says Koberstein.
"The cows were fed in 50 groups of four. They were sorted by
biological type (British. British-Continental cross and
Continental), body condition (fat. moderate and thin) and
body weight. The goal was to have all cows in a moderate body
condition (condition score 3) at the end of the trial.
March 2, 1998. In other words, the thin cows were fed to gam.
the fat to lose and the moderate to hold condition.
"The thin cows cost 32 per cent more to feed than the fat
cows. The thin cows gained 1.02 pounds per day. moderate
cows gained 0 71 pounds per day and the fat cows gained
0.60 pounds per day while on test. These are preliminary
results as the statistical analysis hasn't yet been completed."
Data is being analyzed and a summary paper will be published
upon completion. It is anticipated that the summary paper will
be available by late summer. 1998.
Contact Brian Koberstein
(403)361-1240
This Week
Ellerslie beef cow research project
1
Reminders for breeding season
2
Where vegetables come from
2
Summer-like weather in April
2
Selections '98 sends 4-H members Motorin' on
their Way
3
Briefs
4
hSX\~N6WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbdTG
^1 AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: wwvv.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
May 18, 1998 -page 2
Reminders for breeding season
A sound health program and good nutrition are standard
requirements of any breeding program. Reproductive
performance is poor in cows with low level energy rations
during the last trimester of pregnancy.
"Cows that are maintained with adequate to high levels of
nutrition have excellent reproductive performance," savs
Trevor Yurchak, beef specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, Athabasca. "Sound health programs,
while always important, are absolutely necessary in cow/calf
operations and become even more important in an artificial
insemination (AI) program.
"When poor management is responsible for the lack of good
cattle condition, estrus synchronizing will not enhance overall
pregnancy rates, increase conception or benefit reproductive
performance in non-cycling or subfertile cows. Producers
must remember that performance is influenced more by
environmental factors than genetic factors."
During the breeding season, it is wise to keep cows distributed
over the feed resource so the nutrient level is kept high. At this
time of the year, observation and management are essential.
Breeding season is labor-intensive when some of the most
important 'riding' is done.
Reproductive efficiency has a great impact on the economic
returns of a ranch. Good management and record-keeping can
shorten the calving season resulting in a more efficient use of
income and labor.
"Fertility records are the easiest of all performance records to
keep," says Yurchak. "They show the level of management and
environment more accurately than any other record a
producer can keep. All cows that lost their calves or didn't
calve should be marked."
As well as providing the necessary nutrition, producers should
make sure that a mineral-salt mixture is available for the
cattle and that the mixture has adequate levels of minerals for
preventing problems, such as grass tetany.
Contact: Trevor Yurchak (403)675-2252
Where vegetables come from
Vegetable research and industry development activities at the
Crop Diversification Centre South (CDCS) in Brooks support a
growing industry of market gardeners, commercial growers
and processors in Alberta.
"Many consumers fail to appreciate or even understand that
there are over 10,000 acres of vegetables grown and marketed
in Alberta," says Shelley Barkley, information officer CDCS,
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Produce at
farmers' markets is easily identified as locally grown. However,
at the retail store the consumer is faced with a wide range of
fresh and processed vegetable products that are not clearly
identified as having come from a farm in Alberta."
Lack of consumer knowledge greatly hurts the industry in
Alberta. Considerably more growth could be gained if
consumers were more familiar and loyal to buying Alberta
grown vegetables.
"Research into the production of vegetables in southern
Alberta has achieved growth in close to 17 crops marketed in
the province," says Barkley. "The most successful crops in
terms of acreage grow n and volume sold are carrots, cooking
onions, cabbage and sweet corn. The testing of varieties on an
annual basis is required to keep consumers exposed to the
best culinary and nutritional qualities available in vegetable
crops. Annually, there are over 500 varieties in 17 crops on
trial at the CDCS research farm. The producers of these crops
are then exposed to these most productive varieties through
workshops, tours, and written facts on their merits. Once the
producer grows these varieties at the farm, the consumer
buying locally grown produce can enjoy the freshest produce
available."
Aside from testing varieties for local adaptation, research
efforts directed at answering production problems that
producers encounter are investigated. Fall planting of garlic;
planting techniques that could contribute to earlier production
of celery; the influence plant density has on carrot root sizing
and yield; are only a part of the production research activities
undertaken at CDCS.
Farm visits by the crop specialist are designed to assist
producers with direct farm consultation relative to production
and marketing problem.
"Some of the best vegetables come from Alberta. Astute
consumers will look for the Made in Alberta symbol on the
cello package," adds Barkley. "That's the first and most
valuable identifying mark that the product comes from Alberta
producers. The second identifying mark is to look for the
Canada grade standard. If the Canada grade terminology is
used, the consumer can be assured it is a product that is at
least grown in Canada. The name and location of the packer
helps to further identify produce origin. An Alberta address or
location provides further evidence the product is likely of local
origin."
Contact: Shelley Barkley (403)362-/305
Summer-like weather in April
Dry conditions continue as Alberta experiences summer-like
weather in April with above normal temperatures and near
normal precipitation.
"Most locations reported near to above normal temperatures
in early April," says Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
Cont 'd on pu^e j
May 18, 1998 -page 3
"Temperatures were above to well above normal during the
second half of April."
The provincial average temperature was 2.7 degrees above the
1961 to 1990 average of 4.0 degrees C. These averages are
based on data recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate
stations across Alberta.
All Alberta locations reported above normal monthly average
temperatures. Temperatures ranged from 0.6 to 4.2 degrees C
above normal. Temperature departures of 2.8 to 3 9 degrees
above normal were reported in the Peace region.
The provincial average precipitation of 28.0 mm was 1.7 mm
above the 1961 to 1990 average of 26.3 mm.
"The central and north east regions reported above normal
precipitation, the southern and north west regions reported
near normal." says Dzikowski. "The Peace region reported
below normal precipitation totals Provincially. amounts of
6.6 to 69 5 mm, or 21 to 307 per cent of normal were
reported."
Wainwright CFB reported the greatest precipitation departure
with 63.8 mm or 305 percent of normal. On the dry side.
Peace River Airport reported 1.1 mm of precipitation in April,
only 7 per cent of it's long term average.
You can find more details at the Alberta Agriculture Internet
site: http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca navigation sustain/
climate index. html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski (403)427-3594
Selections '98 sends 4-H
members Motorin' on their Way
The annual Alberta 4-H Selections program was held in Olds
on May 1 to 4, 1998 and 142 senior 4-H members attended.
This year's theme, Motorin' My Way focused on the busy
and fast-paced lives of senior 4-H members. Delegates listened
to several guest speakers and participated in small-group
sessions designed to improve management of time, finances,
stress and life challenges.
"The Selections program has a two-fold purpose, one of which
is that it provides senior members with opportunities to
network with other 4-H members from around the province in
an educational context." says Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H
programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development.
"Members are their own experts on the challenges they
experience every day. These delegates gain valuable knowledge
and understanding from sharing with their peers." reflects
program administrator, Shari Hanson. This philosophy was
reflected in the small-group learning opportunities provided
throughout the weekend.
Keynote speaker Jesse Wallin of the Red Deer Rebels hockey
team spoke from his own experiences wallm moved awav
from home at the age of Id and lost his father that vear
Recently drafted to the NHL. wallin spoke to 4-H members
about stress management, goal setting and maintaining
perspective in life He encouraged the delegates to become
informed, involved, and never turn down an opportunity to
invest in themselves.
Bryn Theissen of Sundre entertained delegates with cowboy
poetry to emphasize the importance of humor in managing
stress. Sue Audenaert of the Alberta Treasurv Branches - Olds,
answered delegates' questions on money management and
other financial issues Guest speaker Tracv Tarves gave an
engaging presentation on her personal challenges and
experiences studying shorebirds in the Sub-Antarctic As a
volunteer, Tarves lived in isolated conditions for six months
with fellow researchers. She challenged delegates to take
advantage of opportunities "Volunteering may cost you
something, but the rewards are threefold," said Tarves
The other main goal of the Selections program is to recognize
the most outstanding 4-H members in the province of Alberta
Delegates were evaluated throughout the weekend by their
facilitators and peers for their leadership, cooperative
behavior, maturity, confidence, communication and
knowledge. Former 4-H experience and community
involvement was also considered in the selection process. All
4-H members present were congratulated for their
accomplishments. Special recognition was also given to the
sponsors of the Selections program. Lammle's western Wear.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development.
Vanessa Belair of Fort Saskatchewan was selected from the
delegates as the 1998 recipient of the prestigious Alberta 4-H
Premier's Award. Belair was presented with an award tropin
by Richard Marz, MLA Olds-Didsbury-Three Hills, on behalf of
Premier Ralph Klein, who will make an official presentation at
a later date. Belair. an active member of the Gibbons Light
Horse Club, becomes one of 15 4-H Ambassadors chosen to
promote 4-H throughout the province.
Fifty-nine other delegates were chosen to represent the
province of Alberta on 12 major exchanges and tours
throughout Canada and the United States These members will
be given many opportunities in the next year to increase their
awareness of North American lifesty le, agriculture,
government, business, and international affairs.
For more information, visit the Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development web site at:
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca ruraldev 4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark Carol Sullivan
(403) 948-8510 (403) 422-4H41I (4444)
May 18, 1998 -page 4
Agri-News Briefs
Directory of organic food producers
and processors
The 1998 Alberta Organic Food Producers and Processors
Directory is now available. The directory gives current
information so that producers and processors in the province
can keep in contact with each other. It's also an excellent first-
line of contact for potential buyers of Alberta organic products.
The directory is a joint initiative by Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, the Organic Crop Improvement
Association and Alberta's organic producers and processors
and the information presented is based on membership
details supplied by the respective organizations. For further
information or a copy of the directory, contact Gregory Wolff
(403) 422-4912 or Mike Dolinski (403) 422-4873-
A Dairy Dozen Years!
The 12lh Annual Alberta Dairy Congress (ADC) is scheduled for
June 3 to 5, 1998 at the Black Gold Centre, Leduc. The three-
day congress features: Holstein, Jersey and goat shows; a
separate junior dairy show; peewee showmanship class; milk
drinking contest; free pancake breakfasts; trade show and
BBQ. A new feature this year is Product Information Sessions
by exhibitors and sponsors of the ADC. Sessions run at
different times throughout the congress and are designed to
give businesses a chance to show current and new products or
services. This year's Holstein and Jersey sales, on Thursday
evening, features Holsteins selected from the Master Breeder
Herds of AJberta in addition to other high quality
consignments. For further information contact the ADC at
(403) 986-8108 or check the ADC webpage at:
http://www.rdke.com/albertaholstein/shows.html
Dairy Day - open house
The University of AJberta, Alberta Milk Producers and Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development are holding a Dairy
Day - Open House on June 12, 1998 at the Dairy Research
and Technology Centre, Edmonton. Formal presentations will
be made on the subject of: selecting barley varieties to
maximize grain and forage production; feeding management
of grains and forages for production, health and reproduction;
and, designing milk to meet consumer demands. Attendees
are welcome to participate in workshops and panel
discussions, view interactive research demonstrations and take
a tour of the Dairy Research Centre. For further information or
to register, contact Sharon Katzeff (403)492-9565,
fax (403) 492-4265 or e-mail skatzeff@agns.ualberta.ca
Three new herb factsheets
Three new factsheets are now available to help .Alberta
producers considering fenugreek, dill and caraway production
in Alberta. Herbs are attracting a lot ot attention as alternative
crop possibilities in the province. When considering a new,
specialized crop there are several variables producers need to
be aware of. It is always beneficial to research a new crop
variety before planting it. The factsheets cover many aspects of
these three herb crops, general description, how they adapt to
different soil types and moisture conditions, their uses, special
agronomy information specific to the crop and weed, disease
and insect management. The factsheets are available at all
Alberta Agriculture district office and at the publications office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton T6H 5T6. Ask for:
Dill - Agdex #147/20 3, Caraway - Agdex #147/20-4 and
Fenugreek - Agdex #147/20-5.
Water quality monitoring report
information meeting
A meeting is being held on June 3, 1998 at the Red Deer Lodge
to discuss the CAESA Water Quality Monitoring Report and
future endeavors in the field of water quality as it relates to the
agriculture industry. The meeting will provide additional
information about the report released earlier this year.
Researchers who contributed to the report will make
presentations on their individual projects and future plans for
monitoring and extension. The meeting is open to anyone in
the agriculture industry interested in learning more about
agriculture's impact on water quality. The cost is $20 and
payment for registration will be accepted at the door. For
further information or to pre-register before May 29, contact
Tara Donald, regional conservation technician in Barrhead, at
(403) 674-8255, fax (403) 674-8309, e-mail
tara.donald@agric.gov.ab.ca or Michelle McKinnon,
regional conservation agrologist in Airdrie, at (403) 948-8512,
fax (403) 948-2069, e-mail
michelle.mckinnon(y agric.gov.ab.ca
Agri-flfefra
MAY
*9 m
May 25, 1998
Mobile Air Quality Lab
Sniffing out and measuring odors from intensive hog
operations is what the Mohile Air Quality Lahoratory was
designed to do. The Lah was unveiled on April 30. 1998 at the
Alberta Research Council's (ARC) site in Vegreville. The work
to produce a facility for detecting and quantifying odor, was
part of a year-long joint venture between ARC, Alberta Fork
Producers Development Corporation, the University of Alberta
and Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"Alberta Agriculture actively partners with industry and
research facilities to address public concerns. The odor from
intensive livestock operations was one of these concerns that
required our attention," says Dr. Terry Church, leader of the
livestock expansion and development team with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Responsible and
environmentally sustainable livestock expansion is very
beneficial for the province. This lab is a positive demonstration
of our on-going commitment to addressing issues that cause
public concern
The lab has two instruments: the Aroma Scan that has the
potential to identify types and sources of odors and an
olfactometer that measures the intensity of odors.
Benchmarks are being set. based on readings from in and
around hog barns. Once the sources of nuisance odors in
existing operations are identified, the information and
benchmarks will be used to create predictive tools. These tools
will be used to evaluate odor impact when planning future
livestock expansion.
"Over the next six months, a lab team will visit sites around
Vegreville and Red Deer to take air samples from hog barns
and from just above the surface of hog lagoons." says David
Helmer, intensive livestock operations research engineer,
livestock expansion and development team. Alberta
Agriculture. Red Deer. "Once benchmarks have been set, the
lab will be used by Alberta hog producers as they plan new
construction or expansion of existing facilities Using this new
technology will go a long way in reinforcing the fact that
agriculture industries in Alberta are environmentally aware
and willing to use new technology to improve planning and
working practices."
Cotti d on ptfge 2
This Week
Mobile Air Quality Lab
Southern soil and crop diagnostic field school 2
Farmers' Markets in Alberta - a direct channel of
distribution 2
Alberta farmers say it's time for change 3
Grazing and range management in the Peace 3
Workshop explores cosmetic ingredients
fundamentals 4
4
5
Never too early to scout a field
Growing better quality trees and shrubs
It's time to enjoy Alberta greenhouse grown
products
Briefs
Agll-NeWS Publishi"9 Branch' Tel: (403)427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861
/dlberra
^5 AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
May 25, 1998 - page 2
Alberta Agriculture will coordinate seminars and information
sessions to make the results of the sampling available to the
industry and the public.
Contact: Dr. Terry Church David Helmer
(403) 422-2522 (403) 340-5339
Southern soil and crop
diagnostic field school
The southern Alberta Soil and Crop Diagnostic Field School is
being held at the Lethbridge Research Centre from June 19 to
July 3, 1998. This is the second year that a diagnostic field
school has been conducted at the centre.
"The diagnostic field school teaches hands-on soil and crop
management problems and diagnostic techniques to farmers,
government and industry agronomists, to help them identify
problems associated with today's crop production systems,"
says Dr. Ross McKenzie, with the agronomy unit of Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "This year, the field
school is focussing on barley, winter wheat and forage
production. Over 500 uniquely different plots will be seeded to
demonstrate crop production techniques and problems."
The field school site is located southwest of the Lethbridge
Research Centre's main building, south of Goal Road. There
will be a number of tours of the plots by the corporate
sponsors: Agrium, Cargill, Zeneca, Gustufson, UFA, AgPro and
Alberta Financial Services Corporation.
"On June 27 and July 2, individuals can book to go through the
intensive training at the field school," says McKenzie. "The
registration costs is $175 per person. Sessions are limited to
25 people. To register, contact the Agronomy Unit office in
Lethbridge at (403) 381-5126."
There are also three half-day tours planned especially for
producers.
• Forage field day - June 19 from 1 :00 to 4:00 p.m.,
co-sponsored with the Foothills Forage Association, to
register call 1-888-541-6911,
• Winter wheat field day - June 26 from 9:00 a.m. to
12:00 noon, co-sponsored with the Alberta Winter Wheat
Producers Commission, to register call
(403) 328-0059,
• Barley field day - June 26 from 1:00 to 4:00 p.m.,
co-sponsored by the .Alberta Barley Commission, to register
call the agronomy unit of Alberta Agriculture at (403) 381-
5126.
"A number of Agri Canada and Alberta Agriculture research
scientists and crop specialists will be on hand to discuss the
training modules included in the school," says McKenzie. "The
modules are: soil fertility and fertilizers: seed quality and
seeding issues; weed control and herbicides; insect
identification and crop damage; plant diseases; soil salinity;
crop varieties; and, direct versus conventional seeding."
The school is a collaborative effort of both Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada and Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. It is also funded by a number of corporate and
industry sponsors.
"The school is proving to be very successful and a good
learning tool for Alberta producers," adds McKenzie. "Plans
are already in the works for 1999 when the field school will
focus on special crop production."
For more information on the 1998 Southern Alberta Soil and
Crop Field Diagnostic School, contact Alberta Agriculture's
agronomy unit in Lethbridge (403) 381-5126.
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie
(403) 381-5842
Farmers' Markets in Alberta - a
direct channel of distribution
Farmers' markets are flourishing in .Alberta. In 1998 there are
100 markets throughout the province registered with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Although the
markets in Alberta are busy and thriving, they are looking at
ways to make their markets more successful and ultimately
provide increased sales to the vendors and a meaningful
experience for consumers.
"In 1996 the .Alberta Farmers' Market Association together
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and the
University of .Alberta undertook a study to better understand
the benefits and opportunities available to markets, vendors
and consumers from farmers' markets in Alberta," says Joyce
Lencucha, agri-food development consultant with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "A report on the
two-year study, conducted with market managers, vendors and
consumers at Alberta approved farmers' markets, is now
available. Special thanks to the Central Region - On Farm
Demonstration Committee, Agricultural Research Institute for
the funding of this research project."
The results of the study provide valuable benchmark data. It
provides excellent specific vendor and consumer
demographics. The results also answer questions such as why
consumers visit farmers' market and what products they are
buying, what products vendors are selling, their reasons for
selling at the farmers' market and other marketing methods
they use.
"The Alberta Farmers' Market Association is organizing
regional workshops throughout the province to share research
information and discuss ways that local vendors, market
managers and communities can use the information to
Cont d on page 3
improve their markets and service to consumers. " adds
Marian Williams, rural development specialist - business,
Alberta Agriculture. "The workshops also feature an update on
the public health review for farmers' markets and there is also
an opportunity to view the new video. Safe Food Practices
for Small Processors '
Every one interested in marketing through farmers' markets is
welcome to attend these workshops, held from 9:50 am to
3:00 p.m. in the following locations:
Lacombe - May 25 Agriculture Building
5030- 50th Street. Lacombe
St Paul - May 27 Provincial Building
5025-50 Street. St. Paul
Taber - June 2 Provincial Building
5011 49 Ave Taber
Grande Prairie - June 9 Provincial Building
10320-99 Street, Grande Prairie
For a copy of the report, more information about the
workshops or to register, contact Joyce Lencucha, agri- food
development specialist in Red Deer (phone 340-5358) or
Marian Williams, rural development specialist - business in
Camrose (phone 679-1210).
Contact: Joyce Lencucha Marian Williams
(403) 340-5358 (403) 679-1210
Alberta farmers say it's time for
change
Alberta farmers' attitudes, beliefs and directions for change to
the grain handling and transportation system have now been
documented by the Alberta Grain Commission (AGC). Twelve
focus groups were held in February and March, 1998. Farmers
were randomly selected within a 100-mile radius of twelve
communities, representing a good cross-section of small,
medium and large-scale farming operations.
The report, titled Alberta Farmers Speak Out About the
Grain Handling & Transportation System, formed a key
part of the Alberta Grain Commission's submission to Justice
Willard Estey's grain transportation review.
What did Alberta farmers say? Based on the focus groups:
• Alberta farmers want their responsibility and accountability
to end when their grain is delivered to the local elevator.
• AJberta farmers want responsible parties, from elevator to
port, to be accountable and to reduce the costs and the
time from elevator to ship. Alberta farmers need better
control of their risks.
• Alberta farmers say marketing issues and solutions can't be
separated from handling and transportation issues and
solutions. More storage capacity is not the answer. They are
May 25. 1993 -page 3
increasingly reiving on crops that go into the local markets
IS a way to solve the problems of the handling and
transportation s\stem.
• Alberta farmers are tired of the debate over improving the
grain export system and are sceptical that improvements will
be made or that people will listen.
The Alberta Gram Commission will continue to rely on farmer
input on grain industry issues." says Ken Moholitny chairman
of the AGC. "The Commission is made up of six farmers from
various parts of the province and three representatives from
the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development The
mandate of the AGC is to review any and allmatters relating to
the grain and oilseeds sectors, make recommendations to the
Minister of Agriculture. Food and Rural Development and to
conduct appropriate activities that promote the on-going
growth and development of the grains industry."
Copies of the focus group study are available from the Alberta
Grain Commission at (403) 427-7329
Contact: Ken Moholitny Brenda Brindle
(403) 427-3078 (403) 427-3077
Grazing and range management
in the Peace
Range ecology, grazing forested pastures and tame pastures,
logging and grazing, extending the grazing season, animal
nutrition and range management planning are some of the
items on the agenda for the Peace Region 's 4th Annual
Stockmen's Range Management Course
"Six years ago. the Stockmen's Course was started in southern
Alberta. For the last three years, a northern version of this
course has been offered to Peace Country producers," says
Donna Lawrence, range management specialist for public
lands. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "This
year, the course has expanded to three locations because of it's
popularity with producers. By holding courses in these
different areas, producers will receive information that is as
local as possible."
The afternoon portion of the course, is being held at nearbv
grazing leases where producers can get hands-on experience
identifying range plants, assessing range condition and setting
stocking rates.
The Peace stockmen's courses are being held at Goodfare Hall,
near Beaverlodge. on June 18; the Agri-Plex in High Prairie on
June 23; and. the Rec-Plex in Fort Vermilion on June 26.
"One of the main activities at the course is identify ing range
plants and knowing which ones are grazed by cattle and which
ones aren't." says Lawrence. "It's important for producers to
know which plants are used so they can more accurately
estimate how much useable forage they have on their pasture
and set correct stocking rates."
Cont d on page 4
May 25, 1998 -page 4
Registration deadline for the course is the end of May. To
register, call Lawrence or Colin Stone at (403) 624-6345.
Registration forms are also available at all Public Lands or
AJberta Agriculture office in the Peace Region. Course fee,
$50 per person and $75 per pair, includes a Stockmen's
Course Binder that is full of range management information
(pairs must share a resource binder). Space is limited to
40 participants at each location, so register early.
Contact: Donna Lawrence
(403) 624-6345
Workshop explores cosmetic
ingredients fundamentals
An overview of cosmetic ingredients and a better
understanding of how those ingredients work for the non-
chemist is the focus of an Alberta Agriculture workshop June
15 and 16, 1998 at the Red Deer College.
"Ingredients are the key to how and why cosmetics can
improve your skin or scent your bath water. For a beginner
cosmetic processor or someone interested in product
development who isn't a chemist, understanding ingredients is
key to being more comfortable talking about and selling your
product," says Joyce Lencucha, agri-food development
specialist with AJberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development and workshop organizer.
Cosmetic processors and product developers are two of the
groups this workshop has been designed for. "The workshop is
really for anyone who wants a better understanding of the
industry, and more particularly about ingredients, their effects
and the latest trends," says Lencucha.
Maurice Hevey, the workshop instructor, has 30 years
experience in the cosmetic industry and current is president
of a product development consulting firm based in Minnesota.
Hevey's career started in the development and testing labs of
Clairol and Max Factor. Besides product development, he's
also worked in quality assurance, process development and
control, packaging programs and regulatory affairs.
Hevey will define natural, synthetic, chemical and organic
ingredients, introduce you to the language of ingredients,
identify ingredient sources, outline ingredient classifications
and functions, examine ingredient labeling laws and regulatory
issues, describe high performance plant extracts and oils and
discuss industry trends. He'll also look at scale up and
manufacturing.
Participants will also have the opportunity to showcase their
products at an evening session on June 15.
Registration for the two day workshop is $100. One
accommodation option for workshop participants is the
Red Deer College residence at $23.25 per person.
To register, contact AJberta Agriculture in Red Deer toll-free by
dialling 310-0000 and then 340-5364.
Contact: Joyce Lencucha
(403) 340-5358
Never too early to scout a field
The crops aren't even in the ground and field scouting is
already being done. Early detection of problems is often key to
a successful effect. Many aspects of growing crops are out of a
producers control, so it's important to take advantage of
situations where meaningful influence can be realized.
"Field scouting usually involves walking a field with a goal in
mind," says Ron Hockridge, crop specialist with AJberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Wetaskiwin.
"Knowing the problems a crop can encounter and having an
idea of when to expect those problems to show-up, helps set
field scouting goals. Control action can be taken once a
problem is identified, but the first thing is knowing where to
look for adverse factors."
In the spring, crop emergence is probably the biggest issue.
Observing how even the stand is and doing plant counts gives
an indication of whether or not there's an adequate stand. At
the same time, checking for seedling diseases and insects can
be done. Most importantly, look for germinating weeds. Weeds
germinating near the time of crop emergence can cause more
yield loss than any other factor.
"When it comes to weed control, one strategy is to establish a
thick, healthy crop," says Hockridge. "The theory, borne out by
research data, is that a rapidly growing crop suppresses weed
growth through competition for water and nutrients. Research
done at the AJberta Environmental Centre by Dr. John
O'Donovan, concluded that the amount of yield reduction
caused by a given weed population is reduced by three per
cent for each day that the weeds emerge after the crop.
Dr. Neil Harker found that delaying weed removal until after
the three-leaf stage of canola plants greatly reduced yields.
However, weeds emerging after the canola had three pairs of
leaves had very little effect on canola yields."
It's also good to look for nutrient deficiencies early in the
growing season. Much of the production potential of cereal
crops is determined by the time they are in the five-leaf stage.
From that stage on potential can't be improved but it can be
lost. If a deficiency is found during field scouting, the producer
needs to determine what action to take. Mobile elements,
nitrogen or sulphur, can be added and crop respc-w is
immediate. For some of the minor nutrients, it's better to wait
for the proper stage and apply a foliar spray.
"Producers can't do much if an immobile nutrient, such as
phosphorous, is in short supply. What is needed is warmer
conditions to make more of the soil bound reserves available
Cont 'd on page 5
to the plant..'' says Hockridge. "The welfare of crops needs to
he looked after through the whole growing season. Field
scouting lets producers diagnosis a problem early and that can
have a greater effect on yield."
Contact Ron Hockridge
(403) 361 1240
Growing better quality trees and
shrubs
Growing better quality trees and shruhs in Alberta is the
challenge undertaken by the nursery crops research group at
the Crop Diversification Centres South and North (CDCS and
CDC.N) and the commercial nursery industry
"In Alherta. a woody plant crop requires two to 10 or more
years to reach salable size." says Christine Murray, nursery
crops specialist at the CDCS. Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. "A single crop of trees must grow rapidly
during the short intense season and. before growing mature
enough to harvest, may have to survive all of Alberta's climatic
extremes: rapid changes in temperature due to Chinook
winds, extreme cold, drought and extreme heat. In spite of
these challenges. Alberta's nursery growers continue to grow
quality products for the market."
At CDCS research programs are designed to deal with many of
the significant production issues of the nursery industry.
Currently, there are on-going trials evaluating the fertility of
field and container-grown trees and shrubs as well as the
effectiveness of different container growing media. Since both
field and container-grown crops must be overwintered, it's
necessary to develop fertility programs that maximize plant
growth during the season while also slowing growth in the late
summer so the crop will harden off sufficiently to survive the
winter.
"A nitrogen fertility trial, to develop guidelines for field-grown
deciduous and coniferous species is being conducted under
irrigation in Brooks and at a dryland site in Kdmonton," says
Murray. ' For container-grown plants, research is being done to
test the efficiency of controlled-release fertilizers that are
applied to the crop at planting and release fertilizer throughout
the growing season."
Plants grown in containers are not generally grown in field soil
but in a medium composed of a number of products which
may include: peatmoss, sawdust, bark chips, sand, soil. etc.
Researchers at CDCS evaluate the growth of woody plants in
different container media. Container media hau ueen
composed of various forestry by-products, pulp and paper mill
and nursery composts. Horticultural use provides an
environmentally sustainable alternative use of these waste
products.
May 25, 1998 -page 5
"Since I OSS. (DCS has been a cooperalor with Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada (MFC) in Morden, Manitoba m the Prairie
Regional Trial (PRT) for evaluating the hardiness and
landscape qualitv of woody plants. " adds Murrav "New
cultivars from the MFC woody plant breeding program are
evaluated as well as some selections from indliStr)
Since 1983, the nursery crops program, in cooperation with
the Landscape Alberta Nursery Trades Association Growers
Group Research Committee and nursery growers from such
diverse locations as Fairuew. Bowden. Red Deer. Calgary and
Coaldale. have been involved with the Regional Woods Plant
Test Project (RWPTP) In the trial, new woody plant cultivars
and species from around North America are evaluated for
hardiness and landscape quality over five seasons, at five
nursery sites as well as CDCS and CDCN.
After graduating from either the PRT or RWPTP at the Centre,
woody plants are moved to permanent sites in the Golden
Prairie Arboretum or Forever Green Pinetum. These
collections are excellent living reference material for
professional horticulturists as well as the general public. The
grounds at CDCS are open to the public daily until dusk
Results of the RWPTP are available on Alberta Agriculture's
Internet site at: www.agric.gov.ab.ca, crops trees rwptp
Contact: Dr. Christine Murray
(403) 362-1313
It's time to enjoy Alberta
greenhouse grown products
Local grocery stores cam a variety of vegetables. To enjoy the
taste of a good quality cucumber, vitamin C rich tomatoes and
flavorful and juicy peppers make sure that they are Alberta
grown.
According to Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crops
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Locally grown vegetables are now in the peak
of their production. There is no doubt that we grow the best
cucumbers, tomato, peppers and lettuce right next to
Edmonton in the Lacombe area, in the Redchff-Medicme Hat
area and throughout the province where several small growers
have established greenhouses. Most aspects of production are
controlled so quality and safety are ensured."
A good quality, raw tomato about three inches in diameter has
25 calories. 2.03 grams of fibre, and 0.2 grams of fat It will
provide vitamin A (25 per cent of recommended daily amount
- RDA). vitamin C (47 per cent of RDA). folacm (13 per cent of
RDA). niacin (5 per cent of RDA). riboflavin (3 5 per cent of
RDA) and thiamin (6.2 per cent of RDA) Tomatoes also
provide minerals, like calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron
and main others.
Conl d on page 6
May 25, 1998 -page 6
"The production of good quality lettuce is gradually
increasing," adds Mirza. "A visit to a farmers' market will show
what is being produced locally.
"We grow the best roses in the world, just next door to
Edmonton. Alberta's flower expertise isn't limited to roses, but
also Asiatic and oriental lilies, alstroemerias and many more."
This is the season of bedding plants. A visit to a greenhouse
will prove the value of locally grown plants. When picking out
bedding plants, pick plants that are green, compact and close
to blooming or already blooming.
Contact: Mohyuddin Mirza
(403) 415-2303
Agri-News Briefs
New Video Release....
Marketing food to the public carries a lot of responsibility. The
product has to look and taste good and has to be free from
contamination. Food safety is a main concern of companies
producing food products. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development has just released a new video, Safe Food
Practices for Small Processors. This 25 minute video
outlines the basics of good manufacturing practices and points
out a number of action steps processors can follow to ensure
their product is safe. Emerging businesses selling at Alberta
approved farmers' markets or a growing business selling
product into the specialty food market will find this video very
informative. To borrow the video and accompanying resource
kit, contact your local A\FRD office.
Access Asia
Access Asia features 20 Asian buyers accompanied by Trade
Commissioners from five countries. The agri-food solo show is
being held on June 7 and 8, 1998 at the Blackfoot Inn, Calgary.
The event will give Alberta producers a chance to get product
feedback, evaluate foreign markets and have one-on-one
meeting sessions with buyers. Access Asia is a joint initiative of
the Alberta Food Processors Association, Food Beverage
Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Registration
deadline is May 29, 1998. For a registration package, contact
Justin Sugawara, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
(403) 495-4144.
AVEC open house
The Research Centre of the Agricultural Value-added
Engineering Centre (AVEC) is holding an open house on
Friday, June 5, 1998. This open house will interest agricultural
processors (food and non-food), researchers, processing
service providers and anyone with an interest in agricultural
processing. The Centre is located approximately 1.2 km south
of Ellerslie Road on 127th Street in south Edmonton. AVEC, a
new program of the engineering services branch of Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, was launched in
June, 1997. The goal of the AVEC is to help meet the
engineering needs of Alberta's growing value-added processing
industry. Funding for this program is provided by the
Agriculture and Food Council through the Canadian Adaptation
and Rural Development Fund (CARDF). Viewing of facilities,
equipment and displays from 1:30 to 5:00 p.m. Opening
ceremonies at 2:00 p.m. AVEC's staff and representatives from
associated agencies will be on hand to explain details of the
program and answer questions. The Centre works with the
processing industry to solve agricultural processing problems
through research, improve or redesign equipment, provide
engineering advice or develop ideas into commercial products
or services. For more information about AVEC or the open
house, contact (403) 427-8764 or (403) 415-2682. These
numbers can be reached toll free from anywhere in Alberta by
first dialing 310-0000.
Controlling greenhouse problems
Diagnosing and managing disease and insect problems in
greenhouse crops is the subject of a workshop on Wednesday
July 8, 1998 from 9 am till 4 p.m. The workshop is sponsored
by the Alberta Greenhouse Growers Association and organized
by the staff from Crop Diversification Centre North and Alberta
Research Council. Vegreville. The workshop provides a lot of
practical information for growers and will focus on using
biological means to control problems. The workshop will be
held at Crop Diversification Centre North. Fort Road and 175
St. Edmonton. The cost is $42.80 and cheques are payable to
the Alberta Greenhouse Growers Association. In the morning
session the discussion subject is diagnosing nutritional
disorders and diagnosing and managing diseases from root
rots to leaf spots. In the afternoon the discussion will be
From apbids to wbiteflies. Two of the world's best
entomologists. Dr. Ken Fry and Kris Pruski will teach in the
afternoon.
Pre-registration is required. For further information, contact
Mohyuddin Mirza (403) 415-2303.
Farm Safety and the livestock
industry
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development are
producing a set of farm safety modules for the livestock
industry The modules outline the factors involved in farm
safety and provide examples, guidelines and tips on making
the job of raising livestock as safe as possible. Eventually
modules will be produced for all types of livestock including
hogs, sheep, goats, buffalo, elk etc. The project is coordinated
by Eric Jones of the Farm Safety Program. Wayne Goruk and
Marcia Hewitt-Fisher both of Central Program Support. They
are currently focusing on the cattle industry, dividing it into
three main parts: Cow-Calf, Feedlot and Dairy. The (low-Calf
portion will be completed first. The group is very interested in
gathering knowledge on this subject from Alberta producers. If
you have information on the safety aspects of the cow-calf
industry, please contact Marcia Hewitt-Fisher in Edmonton at
(403) 427-3315. This numbers can be reached toll free from
anywhere in Alberta by first dialing 310-0000.
National Library of Canada
Bibliothdque nationale du Canada
III 11 1 II I III HI
3 3286 51512 7468
AM&ews
June 1, 1998
Clients give Agriculture staff
top marks for service
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development's regional
advisory services (RAS) received top marks from clients in a
recent survey of service provided by district offices over the
past two years. Client groups interviewed for the survey also
said the demand for these services is likely to increase in the
coming years.
"Client satisfaction is vital to our service Meeting the service
needs of clients effectively ensures that Alberta Agriculture is
able to meet its mandate of helping the agriculture and food
industry build a prosperous future in Alberta." says .Man Hall,
director, central region. Alberta Agriculture in Red Deer.
The survey conducted by Serecon Management Consulting, an
independent consulting firm, invoked interviews with 1,022
farmers, 103 agri-businesses, 51 agricultural organizations
and associations and 50 value-added enterprises.
"Almost ail farmers interviewed had some form of contact w ith
district office staff in the last two years and of them,
83 per cent are satisfied, nine per cent neither satisfied nor
dissatisfied and just four per cent dissatisfied." says Lori Nagy,
communications consultant with Alberta Public Affairs. "Over
75 per cent of farmers recall a number of benefits from the
contacts with staff. Many said they learned a new technique,
improved a skill or received a solution to a specific problem.
Interestingly, half of the respondents who had been in contact
with RAS in the last two years were able to recall a decision or
change they made as a result of that contact."
Many different decisions or changes were described, the most
frequent were changes to crops and livestock production as
well as the use of different pest control chemicals and farm
management practices in general. The results of these changes
were positive, with 88 per cent saying the change worked out
well.
"Farmers indicated the highest levels of satisfaction with the
staff 's friendliness and helpfulness, confidentiality, knowledge
of where to get information, accessibility by phone, knowledge
or expertise in their areas of specialization, objectivity,
understanding of local conditions and helpfulness in solving
immediate production problems." says N'agi. "The majority of
specialists and client service representatives met or exceeded
the expectations of farmers with an average rating of
83 per cent."
Cont d on page 1
This Week
Clients give Agriculture staff top marks
for service
1
Watch for the yellowheaded spruce sawfly
2
St. John Ambulance teams-up with APGA
2
Land Agents Licensing regulation review
3
Performance-tested Ram sale
3
Pasture minerals
4
Briefs
5
Coming Agricultural Events
6
A&l-JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 ^IbCTfQ
AGRICULTURE, FOOD ANO
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca ™ral development
June 1, 1998 - page 2
Overall, a majority of farmers believe district services would be
missed if the services were no longer available in their area.
The high levels of satisfaction with RAS services suggest the
move to a specialist system is working.
"The district offices and services of the department were
restructured in 1994 in response to the evolving role of
government and the needs of the agricultural industry in
Alberta," says Hall. "The new, restructured organization is
focused on providing specialist services from the 52 district
offices. A network of specialists respond to the needs of
farmers, agri-businesses, agriculture organizations and value-
added enterprises, providing them with expert information and
personal service."
RAS is responding to what clients said in the survey by
implementing a number of suggestions; including:
• creating a directory of RAS services that will be distributed
to all farmers, agri-businesses and processors;
• providing more agriculture information on the
Alberta Agriculture Internet site
<www.agric.gov.ab.ca> ;
• upgrading computer hardware and software to enhance
district office e-mail capabilities and electronic services for
clients;
• offering new courses and seminars; and,
• more partnering initiatives with clients.
As well, 13 project teams have been set up to implement
suggestions by clients. These teams will deal with everything
from business planning, external promotion,
communications, to training and staff development.
The demand for RAS services will increase in the next few
years. "Alberta Agriculture is facing challenging times and staff
are working together to meet the increasing demand for
services. Determining how to maintain and strengthen
customer service while maximizing the contribution to the
growth of the agriculture and food industry is the primary
challenge," adds Hall.
To meet future demands for services, RAS plans to strike more
partnerships with agri-businesses and industry organizations,
improve the use of technology and continue to find more
efficient ways of doing business.
For more information, contact Alberta Agriculture by dialing
toll free 310-0000 and asking for the closest district office.
Contact: Alan Hall Lori Nagy
(403) 340-7611 (403) 422-5647
Watch for the yellowheaded
spruce sawfly
If you lost the new growth of your spruce last June and all that
is left is yellow colored twigs, you'll want to be on the outlook
for the yellowheaded spruce sawfly. The insect tends to not
move far, in fact, it will often re-infest the same tree.
"The damage begins with only parts of the new tendei needles
being eaten away," says Shelley Barkley, information officer at
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Crop
Diversification Centre South, Brooks. "As the pest grows, so
does its appetite. Eventually it will eat whole needles, working
its way back into the older growth."
Characteristics of an infected tree are shabby appearance and
a yellowish-brown color. In severe cases the tree can be
stripped of all its needles. Repeated attacks over several years
can result in the death of the tree.
"Seeing this insect before it causes sever damage is the first
step in control," adds Barkley. "The yellowheaded spruce
sawfly is well camouflaged and looks a lot like the needle it is
eating. Newly hatched larvae are caterpillar-like and yellowish
green in color. They have either a yellow or green head.
Mature insects are 2 cm in length with either a yellow or red
head. The waxy looking body is green with grey-green stripes
running from head to tail. Feeding stops in mid-July when the
larvae drop to the ground where they spin a cocoon in the soil
to spend the winter."
Controlling this insect is very simple, hand picking or hosing
the tree down with water is one option. Chemicals registered
for the control of yellowheaded spruce sawfly include,
malathion, diazinon and permethrin.
Remember the toughest thing about controlling this pest is
actually seeing them.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403) 362-1305
St John Ambulance teams-up
with APGA
A custom-made First Aid on the Farm course has been
developed through the joint efforts of St. John Ambulance and
the Alberta Potato Growers Association (APGA).
"This collaboration was made possible through the hard work
and tireless promotion of farm safety by Eric Jonc . farm safety
specialist with .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development," says Michael J. Cearns, director business
development, Alberta Provincial Headquarters, St. John
Ambulance. "Roger Jaeger of the APGA was the association
contact and he too deserves much of the credit for making this
groundbreaking initiative a reality."
Cont 'd on page j
"Farm safety is a very important component of every-day farm
life," says Cearns "As a matter of fact First Aid on the Farm
courses across Alberta have increased by an astounding
165 per cent in the first quarter of 19l)8 We encourage all
agriculture associations to continue this trend. We hope all
farm families and farm workers will remember to work safely
Collectively we can lower injury and fatality rates across the
province."
'Alberta Agriculture takes farm safety very seriously," adds
Jones. "The department has had a farm safety program in
operation for years. Its focus is communicating to Albertans
about the safe handling of farm equipment and livestock.
Farming is one of the most dangerous professions and farm
workers need to know and respect that fact Always remember,
to work safely."
Contact: Eric Jones Michael Cearns
(403) 427-4231 (403) 452-6163 ext. 238
Land Agents Licensing
regulation review
The Department of Environmental Protection has initiated a
major review of the Land Agents Licensing Regulation and
the Land Agents Licensing Exemption Regulation and would
like input. Feedback from the people affected by these
regulations is very important to ensure that they are practical
and serve their purpose. The regulations are of particular
interest to landowners, land agents and industry.
"The Land Agents Licensing Act and regulations apply to
persons engaged full-time or part-time in negotiating for or
acquiring interests in land," says Gerald Kress. Alberta
Environmental Protection. "They also apply to persons who
charge a fee to offer advice to an owner or his agent with
respect to negotiations for or acquisitions of interests in land.
Interests in land include interests acquired for right of ways
and other surface uses that could be subject to a right of entry
order under the Surface Rights Act or that could otherwise be
expropriated. Typically this includes drilling and mining
operations, laying of pipelines and the construction of power
lines."
The Act and the regulations provide for: the licensing of land
agents, exemptions from the Act, controls with respect to the
negotiation process, standards of conduct, powers of the
Registrar, the establishment of an advisory committee, penalty
assessment and a hearing and appeal process.
"A Discussion Paper has been prepared to help Albertans
understand the regulations and the proposed changes." says
Kress. "The Discussion Paper can also be made available upon
request in an alternate print format, larger print or audio tape
for Albertans who require an alternate form of
communication."
June 1, 1993 - page 3
Albertans can obtain a copy by contacting Alberta
Environmental Protection, Land Agents Licensing, 2 floor,
South Petroleum Playa. WIS - IDS Street, Edmonton. AH
T5K2GS
Albertans interested in providing input should obtain a copy of
the Discussion Paper and send their comments in before
June IS. 1998.
For further information, or if there are questions, contact
Gerald Kress at 427-35^0 in Edmonton In Alberta,
government numbers are toll free by calling 310-000(1 first
Contact: Gerald Kress
(403) 427-3570
Performance-tested Ram sale
The Western Suffolk Sire Reference Program (formerly the
Alberta Suffolk Sire Reference Scheme) is holding its first
production sale on June 27, 1998 at the Olds Cow Palace.
"At the first sale of its kind in Alberta. 40 Suffolk rams will be
offered, including ram lambs and yearlings," says Cathy
Gallivan, sheep development advisor with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Olds. "The animals are chosen
on the basis of their index for lean growth Every animal in the
saJe will have this index, as well as Expected Progeny
Differences (EPD) for growth rate, muscle depth and fat depth
Rams will be inspected by a veterinarian and must pass a
rigorous physical cull."
"The program was started in 1995 to assist Suffolk breeders to
select animals for lean growth," says Greg Alexander, president
of the Western Suffolk Sire Reference Program "Members of
the program create genetic links between flocks using artificial
insemination. In the spring of each year, lambs are weighed
and ultrasound measurements of muscle depth and fat depth
are taken. The genetic links between different flocks created b\
artificial insemination allow for the calculation of between-
flock EPDs The EPDs mean that the genetic merit of a ram in
one flock can be compared to that of a ram in another flock,
even though the two flocks have different management and
feeding programs."
The sale will feature animals from each of the seven member
flocks, including offspring of Thistlestone 245E. an imported
British Suffolk ram, and other British bloodlines.
For more information on the program or sale, contact
Greg Alexander (403) 948-2271 or Gerry Schalin. program
secretary, (403) 556-2802.
Contact: Cathy Gallivan Greg Alexander
(403) 224-3962 (403) 948-227
June 1, 1998 - page 4
Pasture minerals
Pasture forages are good sources of calcium, phosphorus and
some trace minerals. However, given the expected productivity
of livestock, in most areas of the province, it's difficult to meet
all of the animal's requirements for macro and trace minerals
without some supplementation while grazing.
"The phosphorus content of grasses and legumes is relatively
high in the spring and declines as the plant matures," says
Terry Holmgren, beef specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, St. Paul. "By mid-July, the
phosphorus content may be below breeding cow
requirements. This may result in a phosphorus deficient diet
mid-way through the breeding season. Research has
demonstrated that supplying phosphorus on pasture to
breeding cows can increase fall pregnancy rates by 10 to
15 per cent."
On grass or legume pasture, a mineral supplement should
contain equal parts of calcium and phosphorus, often referred
to as a 1:1 mineral. Range minerals also contain certain trace
minerals such as copper, zinc, manganese, selenium and can
be purchased with or without added salt.
"Be sure to check the level of trace minerals present in a
range of mineral supplements," says Holmgren. "Nutrient
analysis of legume and grass pastures done by Alberta
Agriculture's soil and feed testing lab show that Alberta
pastures may be up to 93 per cent inadequate in copper,
69 per cent inadequate in manganese, 94 per cent inadequate
in zinc and 66 per cent inadequate in selenium. Keeping this
in mind, a trace mineral supplementation program should
supply up to 100 per cent of an animal's total requirements."
Alberta Agriculture recommended target levels of 2,000 to
3,000 mg/kg of copper, 8,000 to 10,000 mg/kg of manganese,
10,000 to 12,000 mg/kg of zinc and 30 to 80 mg/kg of
selenium in salt and mineral mixes. Addition of trace mineral
salt to a salt free mineral can be used to supplement the trace
mineral levels if necessary, but don't add salt containing
selenium to a mineral already containing recommended
selenium levels.
"Minerals can either contain salt or be salt free. If the mineral
is salt free, adding salt to the 30 to 50 per cent level will
enhance consumption of the mineral," adds Holmgren.
"Adjusting the amount of salt can be used as a way to increase
or decrease consumption. As a rule of thumb with most range
minerals, target consumption of at least 40 grams or
VA ounces per day. Salt is in addition to this."
Contact: Terry Holmgren
(403) 826-3388
June 1, 1998- page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Common Buckwheat - not a true
cereal
Buckwheat was termed a wheat because it was used in the
same way as wheat. However, it does not belong to the grass
family and isn't considered a true cereal. A new factsheet on
buckwheat produced by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, was designed to help producers understand this
annual. The agronomy, seeding, rotations, fertilization and
harvesting of buckwheat are covered in the factsheet along
with information on pest management, storing and marketing
the harvested product. Producers interesting in adding
buckwheat to their rotation, should ask for a copy of this
factsheet, Agdex 118/20-2. Copies are available at all district
offices and at the Publications Office, main floor,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
AWWP regional meeting
The Alberta Winter Wheat Producers Commission is holding a
regional meeting on June 9, 1997 starting at 1 00 p.m. at the
Lacombe Research Centre. The agenda includes an update on
what the Commission has been doing and a brief discussion
on the Regulatory Review currently in progress Don Salmon of
the Lacombe Research Centre, Dan Haeney with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and Dr. Rick Butts
with the Lethbridge Research Centre are three of the speakers
on the agenda. This information meeting on the agronomics
and marketing of winter wheat is free. For further information,
contact Sharol Siewert (403) 328-0059-
Veterinary Parasitology: Laboratory
Procedures
A new manual for veterinarians, animal health technologists
and other animal care professionals is now available.
Veterinary Parasitology: Laboratory Procedures,
authored by Murray Kennedy. John MacKinnon and Gary Higgs
and published by Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, gives guidelines for collecting and examining
samples for parasites or stages of parasites, eggs, cysts,
proglottids and so on. The book includes drawings that clearly
illustrate how to follow the procedures. Diagnostic procedures
described in the text are relevant for use in the classroom or a
general veterinary practice. Because therapeutic treatment
often depends on the results obtained from procedures, the
book offers explanations on the limitations of the procedures
and results obtained. Comments provided in the margins offer
practical information and tips on the sample to be collected:
number needed for sample, short-comings of the test, aid to
interpreting results. Appendix I is a quick reference for
collecting and examining samples when specific parasites are
suspected. In addition. Appendix II provides an alphabetical
listing for all the solutions used for testing and lists clear
procedures for preparing them. Cost of this publication is
$30 plus GST. Copies are available at all Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development district offices or at Alberta
Agriculture's Publications Office. 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton,
AB T6H 5T6. VISA and MasterCard orders can be placed by
phone. 1-800-292-5697. Please add $2 plus GST for shipping
and handling.
June 1, 1998 -page 6
Coming Agricultural Events
June 1998
Farmers ' Market Workshops
June 2
9:30 a.m. -3:00 p.m.
Provincial Building
Taber
Contact: Marian Williams
(403) 679-1210
Fax: (403) 679-1219
1998 Forage Competition and the 12th Annual Alberta Dairy
Congress
June 3 - 5
Black Gold Centre
Leduc
Contact: Deb Hofstra
(403) 986-1099
Fax: (403)986-1099
CAESA Water Quality Report Information Meeting
June 3
8:00 a.m. -4:00 p.m.
Red Deer Lodge
Red Deer
Contact: Tara Donald
(403) 674-8255
Fax: 674-8309
Agricultural Value-Added Engineering Centre (AVEC)
open house
June 5
Research Centre, south of Ellerslie Road on 127 Street
Edmonton
Contact: AVEC
(403) 427-8764 or 4 15-2682
Stock Dog - Sheep Dog Trial - Hills of Peace
June 6 - 7
Wetaskiwin
Contact: Norm Schmuland
(403) 352-6908
Access Asia
June 7 - 8
Blackfoot Inn
Calgary
Contact: Justin Sugawara
(403) 495-4144
Lygus Bug Field Day
June 8
1:00 p.m.
George Dawson Inn
Dawson Creek, B.C.
Contact: John Huffman
(403) 538-5285
Alberta Winter Wheat Producers Commission - regional
meeting
June 9
Lacombe
Contact: Sharol Siewert
(403) 328-0059
Farmers' Market Workshops
June 9
9:30 a.m. -3:00 p.m.
Provincial Building
Grande Prairie
Contact: Marian Williams
(403) 679-1210
Fax: (403) 679-1210
Bubbles In Food - International Conference
June 9-H
University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology
Manchester, U.K.
Contact: Dr. Grant Campbell
+44 161 200 4472
Fax: +44 161 200 4399
Dairy Day - open house
June 12
Dairy Research and Technology Centre
U of A - Edmonton
Contact: Sharon Katzeff
(403) 492-9565
e-mail: skatzeff @agns.ualberta.ca
Peace Regional 4-H Days
June 12 - 14
8:00 a.m. -4:00 p.m.
Evergreen Park
Grande Prairie
Fee: $5.00
Contact: Stacy Murray
(403) 835-2241 Fax: (403) 835-3233
June 1, 1998- page 7
Drayton Valley Ag Society Presents "Livestock Show 98''
June 13
10:00 a.m. -6:00 pm
Omni-Plex
Drayton Valley
Contact: Ann Neumeyer
(403) 542-4034
Western Forage Beef Group (Seminar and Field Session)
Grazing School
June 15-17
Lacombe Research Centre
Lac^mbe
Contact: Grant Lastiwka
(403) 782-8028 Fax: (403) 782-6120
J" Annual Alberta Poultry Producers' Workshop
June 16-18
Red Deer Lodge
Red Deer
Contact: Warren Chorney
(403) 250-1197
Western Canada Farm Progress Show
June 17 - 20
Regina Exhibition Park
Regina, Saskatchewan
Stockmen's Range Management Course
June 18
8:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m.
Goodfare Hall
W of Hwy2on SecHwy671
Beaverlodge
Contact: Donna Lawrence
(403) 624-6345
Stock Dog - Pincher Creek Cattle Penning
June 19
Pincher Creek
Pincher Creek
Contact: Brian Delinte
(403) 628-2290
Cowboy Poetry and Western Art - Gathering of '98
June 19-21
Pincher Creek
$5 general day admission. $25 evening ticket. S50 weekend
pass
Contact: Pincher Creek Information Centre
(403) 627-5855
Stock Dog Clinic featuring Texan Dana McKenzie
June 19-21
10:00 a m. - 5:00 p m
Hunter Hill Stables
Sherwood Park
Contact: Gerry Qumn-Kucv
(403) 467-0199
Fax: (403) 467-3467
Japanese Gardens - Professional Development Course -
Landscaping
June 19-20
7:00 a.m. -4:00 p m
Devonian Botanic Garden
Edmonton
Fee: $95
Contact: Devonian Botanic Garden
(403) 987-2064
Pacific Northwest Grain & Feed Association Annual Meeting
& Conference
June 20 - 24
Sun Valle) Resort
Sun Valley. Idaho
Contact: Jonathan Schlueter
Portland, Oregon
Phone: (503)227-0234
Fax: (503)227-0059
1998 Stockmen 's Range Management Course
June 22 - 24
7:00 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.
Beaupre Hall
Cochrane
Fee: $100 ($160 for couples)
Contact: Brenda
(403) 381-5486 Fax: (403) 381-5792
Stockmen 's Range Management Course
June 23
8:00 a.m. -7:00 p m
Agriplex
High Prairie
Fee: $50 00 per person and $75.00 per pair
Contact: Donna Lawrence
(403) 624-6345
Stock Dog Trial -Red Deer Highland Games
June 26 - 27 (8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.)
Westerner Grounds
Red Deer
Fee: Novice-$20 Pro-Novice-$30 00 ()pen-$40 00 ($5
deduction for ASDA Members)
Contact: Larry Bell. RR2
Delburne. AB TOM 0\
(403) 749-2475 Fax: 403-749-2475
June 1, 1998 - page 8
45th Annual Beaverlodge Beekeepers' Field Day
June 26
Beaverlodge Research Centre
Beaverlodge
Contact: Don Nelson
Phone: (403) 354-5122
Stockmen's Range Management Course
June 26
8:00 a.m. -7:00 p.m.
Recplex
Fort Vermilion
Fee: $50.00 per person and $75. 00 per pair
Contact: Donna Lawrence
(403) 624-6345
Stock Dog Trial - Wanham Sheep Dog Trial
June 26 - 27
Wanham
Contact: Al Connell
(403) 694-2503
Southern Alberta Soil & Crop Diagnostic Field School
June 27 - 2
8:00 a.m. -4:00 p.m.
Lethbridge Research Centre
Lethbridge
Fee: $175.00/person
Contact: Dr. Ross McKenzie or
Terry Sheen
(403) 381-5126 Fax: (403) 381-5765
Rural Heritage Drivings Show
June 27
Mix Agricultural Society Grounds
Alix
Contact: Allison Magee
(403) 784-3436
Stock Dog - Cardston Remington Day, Arena Trial
June 27
Cardston
Contact: Mark Heggie
(403) 653-5139
Alberta Branch CSGA Annual Meeting
June 28 - 30
Westin Hotel
Edmonton
Contact: Bill Witbeck
CSGA Alberta Branch General Manager
(403) 782-4641 Fax: (403) 782-5514
Stock Dog - Goldenrod Sheep Dog Trial
June 28 - 29
Airdrie
Contact: Denis Nagel
(403) 946-4299
Hitting The Mark - Beef Improvement Federation - 30*
Annual Meeting and Research Symposium
June 30 - July 3
Calgary
Contact: Canadian Beef Breeds Council
(403) 730-0350 Fax: (403) 275-8490
July 1998
Stock Dog - Calgary Stampede Stock Dog Shoot Out
July 3 - 4
Calgary Stampede Grounds
Calgary
Contact: MAX
(403) 261-0266
1998 Provincial Direct Seeding Day
July 7
9:30 a.m. -4:00 p.m.
1 km west of Hwy 2 - 32 St exit
Red Deer
Contact: Michelle McKinnon
Conservation Coordinator
(403) 948-8512 Fix: (403) 948-2069
Diagnosing and Managing Disease and Insect Problems in
Greenhouse Crops
July 8
9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.
CDC North, 17507-Fort Road
Edmonton
Fee: $42.80 including GST
Contact: Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza
(403) 415-2303 Fax: (403) 422-6096
Direct Seeding Demonstration School
July 8
1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m.
8 km east of High River on Highway #23
High River
Contact: Wally Sawchuk or Terry Sheen
(403)381-5820 or 381-5126
Fax: (403) 381-5765
Stock Dog - Alberta Open Jackpot, Busby Sheep Dog Trial
July 11 - 12
Busby
Contact: Richard Tipton
(403) 584-2258
Parelli Natural Horsemanship Clinic
July 11-14
Olds College Arena
Olds
Fee: Primary clinic $400 & Secondary clinic $400. Auditor
tickets are $100 clinic
Contact: Mary Ann and Don Marcellus
(403) 556-1PNH (556-1764)
Fax: (403) 556-3635
4-H Beef Heifer Show
July 12-14
Bashaw Ag Grounds
Bashaw
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4444
Flagstaff County 1998 Provincial Agricultural Service Board
Summer Tour
July 14- 17
Sedgewick Recreation Centre
Sedgewick
Contact: Brent Hoyland, Flagstaff County
(403) 384-3537
4-H Dairy Show
July 17 - IS
Westerner Exposition
Red Deer
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4444
Stock Dog - Yankee Valley dog Trial
July 18- 19
Airdrie
Contact: Milton Scott
(403) 948-6960
NUTRACON 98: Nutraceuticals, Dietary Supplements,
Functional and Medical Foods
July 20 - 22
Hyatt Regency Hill Country Resort Hotel
San Antonio. Texas
M.D. of Rocky View Annual Agricultural Tour
July 23
Calgary Area agricultural sites
Calgary
Contact: Tim Dietzler
(403) 230-1401
Strategic Partnerships to Successfully Commercialize
Agricultural Biotech
July 23 - 24
The Sutton Place Hotel
Chicago, Illinois
June 1, 1998 - page 9
Stock Dog ■ Homestead Trial, sheep dog trial
July 25 - 26
Coronation
Contact John Forrest
(403) 575-2271
4-H Horse Classic & Project Fair
July 29 - 51
Olds College-
Olds
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4444
International Triticale Symposium
July 26 -31
Red Deer Lodge
Red Deer
August 1998
Stock Dog - Heritage Acres, Sheep Dog Trial
August 1 - 2
Pincher Creek
Contact: Joanne Wells
(403) 627-5588
Ninth International Wheat Genetics Symposium
August 2 - 7
University of Saskatchewan
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Contact: Pierre Hucl
(306) 966-8667
Unity In Diversity, Annual Holistic Management conference
August 5 - 7
Ponoka Legion
Ponoka
Contact: Cindy Hudson
(403) 372-2190
4-H Judging Competition
August 7 - 8
Olds
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4444
Stock Dog - Alix Ag Society, Stock Dog Trial
August 7 - 8
.•Mix
Contact: Sandy
(403) 747-2017
June 1, 1998 - page 10
1998 Gateway Research Organization (GRO) Plot Tour
August 12
12:00 p.m. -7:00 p.m.
Westlock Community Hall
Westlock
Contact: Gateway Research Organization
(403) 349-4546 Fax: (403) 349-5937
North America Weed Management Association Annual
Conference and Tour
August 18-20
Idaho, U.S.
Idaho Falls, Idaho, U.S.
Contact: Marilyn Nelson
(208) 785-8066, Blackfoot, Idaho
The Versatility Challenge
August 29
Alix Agricultural Society Grounds
AJix, Alberta
Fee: $50.00
Contact: Allison Magee
(403) 784-3436
September 1998
Stock Dog - Australian Cattle Dog Specialty & Herding Trials
September 1 - 3
Quickheels Ranch & Kennels Reg'd
Savona, B.C.
October 1998
Poultry Service Industry Workshop
October 8 - 9
8:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
Kananaskis Lodge
Kananaskis
Contact: Narine Singh
(403) 415-0827 Fax: (403) 427-1057
Agriculture Week
October 12-16
Alberta
Contact: Ron Glen
(403) 427-2137
November 1998
OPPORTUNITIES & PROFITS II - Special Crops into the 21"
Century Conference
November 1 - 3,
Convention Inn
Edmonton
Contact: Wayne Goruk
(403) 427-3122
Fax: (403) 427-5921
Fall Focus 98
November 10
Camrose Regional Exhibition
Camrose, Alberta
Contact: Rosemary Snider
(403) 855-2286
Red Deer International Anri-Trade
November 12-15
Westerner Park, 4847A - 19th Street
Red Deer
Saskatchewan Pork Industry Symposium November 12 ■ 13
Saskatoon Inn
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Contact: Wendy Hayes
(306) 933-5078
Fax: (306) 933-7352
Model-it: Application of Modeling as an Innovative
Technology in the Agri-Food Chain
November 29 - December 2
Wageningen
Wageningen, Netherlands
+ 31.317.49 02 85
Fax: +31.317.41 85 52
E-mail: MODEL-IT@ATO.DLO.NL
September 1999
XXXVI International Apicultural Congress
September 13 - 18, 1999
Vancouver Trade and Convention Centre
Vancouver, B.C.
Contact: Apimondia '99
June T. 1998 -page 11
Coming agricultural events notice
Do you know of any provincial (Alberta), national or international agricultural meetings, conferences or conventions coming in l«)()s <>r
Please state the name of the event (s):
When is the event being held?
Where is the event being held? Include city or town: hotel or convention centre, if known:
Please give name, city or town, and phone number of a contact person for each event listed:
This form has been completed by what organization? Please include your phone number:
Please return this form by August 21, 1998 to:
Lee Anne Palutke. Agri-News Editor
Communications Division
J.G. O'Donoghue Building
7000- 113 Street
Edmonton. Alberta T6H 5T6
Phone: (403) 422-6958
Fax: (403) 427-2861
E-mail: palutke^' agnc govab ca
' Coming agricultural events" is published quarterly in Agri-News.
The next list will be September 7, 1998.
hgv\-News"
June 8, 1998
Agricultural lease review
recommendations
\ll Albertans are now invited to review the interim report of the
Agricultural Lease Review Committee. This report, dealing with
the management of public land in the White Area (Settled
Area) of AJberta. has been submitted to the Ministers of
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and Environmental
Protection. The Agricultural Lease Review Committee is now
asking for the feedback of Albertans on the interim report.
"The recommendations came about from what Albertans told
us throughout the 23 meetings we held from one end of the
province to the other. In addition, we received hundreds of
written submissions. The report addresses many issues that
were presented to the Committee over the course of the public
review period last fall." says Tom Thurber, MLA. Drayton
Yalley-Calmar and chairman of the Agricultural Lease Review
Committee. "Now it's time to develop policy for our public
lands that will take us well into the next century'
Individuals who requested a copy of the interim report will
receive it in the mail. Copies are available by calling
(403) 427-3595 (toll-free in Alberta by first dialing 310-0000).
or downloading the report from Alberta Agriculture's Internet
site. The address is
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca ruraldev publands aglease/
index.html
Comment sheets are included with the interim report and
available on the web site.
"Comments from Albertans on the interim report are very-
important to the Committee and are key to finalizing the
report." says Thurber. All comments should be received by the
end of September, 1998.
The Agricultural Lease Review Committee held 23 public
meetings in 20 locations during October and November of
1997. The final report on the Agricultural Lease Review will be
released later this vear.
Contact: Tom Thurber. MLA
(403) 415-0981
(Legislature)
Roger Marvin
(403) 427-3595
This Week
Agricultural lease review recommendations
1
Summary of key recommendations - Agricultural
Lease Review Committee 2
Purple Loosestrife Eradication Program
Fencing made easy
Linking soil and water
Weed control in field peas - the critical step
Briefs
I'JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
June 8, 1998 - page 2
Summary of the key recommendations of the
Agricultural Lease Review Committee
Tom Thurber, Chairman - MIA Drayton Valley - Calmar
1. Review process
The Agricultural Lease Review Committee held 23 public
meetings in 20 locations during October and November of
1997. Written submissions were accepted until December
31, 1997. Public feedback will be considered in formulating
a final report.
2. General philosophy
The interim report recommends a change in the status
quo. It outlines the philosophy for a new arrangement
between the Province, as the land owner, and its lease
holders. The report firmly conveys the need to maintain the
current public land base. It confirms that public land
currently used for agriculture will continue to see
agriculture as a priority.
3. Surface compensation for industrial activities
Surface compensation was one of the most common
concerns arising from the public review. The interim report
recommends a new surface compensation arrangement
between the Province and its agricultural lease holders. The
report recommends that compensation for activities on
public land should recognize the Province is the land
owner and, as such, should collect a larger share of the
surface compensation.
Surface compensation is currently paid to the lease holder
when a development occurs on the lease. These payments
are made directly to the lease holders. As a result, the exact
amount of compensation is not available. There are about
3,400 grazing lease holders who do not have any oil and
gas activity on their lease land and about 2,300 who do.
The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers
estimates that its members paid over $26 million in 1994
to agricultural lease holders. Government estimates suggest
that 2,300 grazing lease holders receive over $15 million in
total in annual rental alone. If first year payments, seismic
surface compensation and compensation for access to
other resources such as sand and gravel were included, the
payments would likely exceed $40 million. This figure
wouldn't include payments for damage to lease holders
improvements such as fences.
Surface compensation is not divided evenly as it is based
on the amount of activity on the land. For example, on
26 grazing leases, over $4 million in annual oil and gas
compensation is paid to the lease holders while they pay an
estimated $438,000 in grazing fees and municipal taxes.
The interim report recommends the area of an industrial
development should be removed from the agricultural
disposition. The Province, as the land owner, would collect
all compensation and rental currently paid and would
provide the agricultural disposition holder with a first year
and annual reimbursement for each activity. These
reimbursements would be made to cover increased
management pressures created from the development.
Annual compensation would be capped at the amount the
disposition holder pays in yearly agricultural fees. Damage
to agricultural disposition holder's improvements such as
fences would be paid directly to the disposition holder by
the developer. Existing developments would continue under
the current arrangements until January 1, 2002. Should
this proposal be adopted, all new oil and gas and other
developments would be approved under the new
arrangements.
The interim report recommends that exploration for
natural resources such as oil and gas should be approved
by the Province without the negotiated consent of the
agricultural disposition holder.
4. Sale of public land
The interim report recommends the continued use and
preservation of public land under government ownership.
However the report recommends the orderly sale of vacant
public land in the Peace River block which is not required
for government programs and conservation.
5. Recreational access to public land
The interim report recommends that the Province, as the
land owner, should designate the lease holder as the "gate
keeper" for recreational access to the land. Recreational
users who wish to access leased lands must contact the
lease holder. The lease holder would be able to control
access and deny unreasonable access. If the recreational
user felt that the "gate keeper's" denial of access was
unreasonable he could ask the Province, as the land owner,
to review their concerns.
6. Liability for recreational access
The interim report recommends that permission slips
should be provided to the lease holder to use in granting
access to recreational users. The signing of permission
slips would limit the liability of the lease holder.
7. Good Stewardship
The interim report recommends that the lease holder's
good stewardship of the lease be rewarded with increased
tenure of up to 20 years.
8. Lease Rates
The interim report recommends the grazing disposition
holder be charged an increased fee for his grazing rental
which would include municipal taxes. The Province, as the
land owner, would pay the taxes directly to the municipality,
currently the responsibility of the lease holder. Rental rates
will be further reviewed after the changes recommended in
the interim report have been implemented and a new land
owner/tenant relationship has developed.
Purple Loosestrife Eradication
Program
Since 1994, the Alberta Purple Loosestrife Management
Committee has promoted eradication of purple loosestrife
through public awareness and active control measures under
the Purple Loosestrife Eradication Program.
"The Purple Loosestrife Eradication Program has been very
successful in decreasing numbers of purple loosestrife
throughout the province." says Shaffeek Ali. specialist with
weed control and pest regulatory services. Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Of the 80 confirmed sites for
Alberta, five of which were newly discovered in 1997. 17 sites
have been devoid of purple loosestrife for the past two or more
years. That brings the number of active infestations to a total
of 63 sites Several sites with high population levels were
reduced significantly and the committee is very pleased to
report that we can see an end in sight."
The aggressive and prolific nature of purple loosestrife make it
a danger to wetlands in Alberta. There are no registered
herbicides to control this weed. Once the weed gets even a
small foothold in a water body, it spreads at an alarming rate
choking out all other vegetation. This in turn causes wildlife
and fish to leave the area.
"Purple loosestrife is a perennial weed that produces about
2.5 million seeds per plant per year." says Ali. "The seeds are
spread through streams, rivers and lakes and being highly
competitive, the seeds germinate quickly.
"The weed flowers from mid-July through September. This is
the best time to look for purple loosestrife. It grows from one
to three metres tall and has a long, vertical spike with bright
pink purple flowers. Five to six petals grow on each flower.
Leaves are tongue shaped with smooth edges and are attached
directly to a four sided stem. Removing the plant before it
produces viable seed is important."
There are several ways for Albertans to get involved with the
program and contribute to the conservation of wetland and
riparian (river and stream banks) habitat:
Participate in the purple loosestrife plant exchange:
even though the greenhouse industry in Alberta has voluntarily
agreed not to sell Lythrum. the plant is still present in many
gardens Ornamental Lythrum cultivars were once thought to
be sterile, however, research has shown that the ornamental
variety can cross pollinate and produce viable seed. The plant
exchange program allows homeowners to remove purple
loosestrife and all ornamental Lvthrum from their gardens
and bring the plants to participating greenhouses for exchange
and proper disposal. Dig out any purple loosestrife plants,
making sure to get the entire plant including roots, and seal
them carefully in a dark plastic garbage bag. Bring these to a
participating greenhouse and. in return, these greenhouses
have agreed to provide one free four-inch plant or an in store
June 8, 1998 - page 3
discount (some limits apply) Be sure to check with the
greenhouse to confirm that they are a participant in the
program In lore taking the plants in.
Participate in one of this year's Purple Plant Pulls
volunteers are crucial to the success of eradicating wild
infestations of purple loosestrife Since infestation numbers
are small in Alberta, hand pulling and digging remains the
major method of control. In 1997. northern Alberta had
38 volunteers contribute 172 hours to dig out or clip purple
loosestrife. Four hundred large bags of the pulled plants were
hauled away. In southern Alberta from July 28 to August Jl,
1997, the Bow Rner Project through the Community Service
Program organized 241 prisoners to pick 1.584 bags of weeds
including purple loosestrife.
Several Purple Plant Pulls are being organized for various
locations around Alberta during the months of July and
August. To get involved, simply contact the Purple Loosestrife
Eradication Program coordinator at (405) 422-2240.
" The beautiful killer is under attack. There are several
European beetles that may provide relief to weary volunteers
trying to get a handle on the larger purple loosestrife
infestations in Canada." says Ali. "Studies are being conducted
on two European leaf eating beetles and one root weevil that
feed exclusively on purple loosestrife. The larva, and to some
extent the adults, of the beetles eat the leaves of purple
loosestrife and feed on the flowering buds. Studies have shown
that this feeding can prevent flowering within a three-year
period. Results look promising and these beetles may be just
what the wetland doctor ordered, especially in provinces such
as Ontario where infestations of purple loosestrife are so high
that there is no hope of controlling it by hand."
This year in Alberta, hundreds of leaf eating beetles will be
released on two sites of purple loosestrife The sites for release
were chosen based on the size of the infestation and the
location (near or in sensitive water bodies). It is still unknown
whether the beetle populations will be able to survive Alberta
winters and whether the beetles will be able to increase their
numbers enough to be effective, but scientists are hopeful. A
close vatch will be kept on these test sites and it will be several
years before the full impact of the release program is known
Color brochures are available from Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development district office and from Alberta
Environmental Protection's Fish and \X ildlife offices
throughout the province. For more information or to report a
purple loosestrife infestation, contact the local municipal weed
inspector.
Contact: ShaJJ'eek Mi Cindy Verbeek
(403) 422-4909 (403) 422-2240
June 8, 1998 -page 4
Fencing made easy
Smooth wire electric fencing is probably the fastest, easiest
fencing available. The evolution of new low impedance style
energizers (fence chargers) make it possible to control all
manner of animal from sheep to bears with much less labor
than before.
"Fencing technology, as with most forms of technology, is
advancing by leaps and bounds," says Trevor Yurchak, beef
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Athabasca. "There are even 'smart' fence
chargers complete with computer chips that monitor fence
conditions daily and automatically make adjustments. Electric
fencing can mean real time savings to producers making
major pasture improvements."
Learning how to use electric fencing technology can help
Alberta producers save thousands of dollars and hours of
maintenance time. Some tips to keep in mind when
considering electric fencing include:
• adequate earth grounding - poor grounding gives weak
shocks. Install several ground rods, at least three that are
six to eight feet long, galvanized and attached with good
ground clamps. Electricity must complete a full circle back
to the charger through the ground;
• don't use different type of metals - when steel wire is
hooked up to copper, electrolysis happens and the metal
becomes corroded, making a poor contact and weakening
the shock power;
• spacing of fenceposts - 50 foot spacing on flat land is too
close. The fence acts like a rubber-band. Without the
proper resiliency, when an animal runs into the wire the
insulators could break or posts get knocked out of the
ground. When posts are spread far enough apart, 80 to 100
feet, the wire bends to the ground and pops back up;
• wire tie-offs - some specifications call for braces every
quarter mile (1,320 feet) to tie the wire off. However, tie-
offs set at 5,280 feet actually adds more elasticity in the
fence wire, reducing the chance of wires breaking;
• remove old or existing fences - old fence wire can come
in contact with the new electrified wires and this almost
always causes a complete short in the fence;
• watch the heavy, long, wet grass - it can drain a lot of
power from the fence. To help overcome this, hook-up the
lower wires separate from the other wires and install a
switch for the lower wire so they can be turned off when the
grass is tall;
• purchase good quality, long-lasting insulators -
sunlight deteriorates plastic. The black insulators are
usually treated to resist degradation by ultraviolet light;
• install solar panels correctly - solar panels should be
installed directly facing the sun. If not installed correctly,
they will not function properly;
• kinks will cause breaks in high-tensile wire - don't
hit this kind of wire with a hammer, always cut out a
damaged section of high-tensile wire and splice it. Hand-
tied square knots make the strongest splice;
• wire spacing - keep wires at least five inches apart:
• a voltage meter - takes the guessing out of the job;
• wire size - the larger the wire, the more electricity it will
carry. For over 20 miles of hot fence. 12.5 gauge is a good
choice;
• proper fence charger - choose the correct fence charger
for the job. If a smooth wire fence doesn't have enough
electricity behind it, the animal will walk right through it.
"Producers should choose a low-impedance fence charger.
Purchase one from a dependable supplier and that offers a
warranty and carries replaceable components," adds Yurchak.
"Electric fencing can be a great time and cost saver, don't be
afraid to use it. Find a good fence supplier and learn about this
technology, and if it fits production needs, give it a try."
Three fencing demonstration locations, each displaying seven
different fence types and end braces, are being set up at Flat
Bush, Smith and Athabasca. For more information, contact
Yurchak at (403) 675-2252.
Contact: Trevor Yurchak
(403) 675-2252
Linking soil and water
Alberta's diverse landscape of grasslands, parklands and
countless wetlands make it one of the most important places
in North America for breeding, staging and migrating waterfow l
and other bird species. 1998 marks the 12'h year of project
work under the North American Waterfowl Management Plan
(NAWMP).
"NAWMP is making a difference restoring and managing
wetland ecosystems in Alberta and that makes a big difference
in the recovery of North American waterfowl populations,"
says Brent Markham, chairman of the Alberta NAWMP board,
and assistant director, wildlife management, Alberta
Environmental Protection. "The project promotes partnerships
of public and private agencies, organizations and individuals
for conservation. It represents a commitment to habitat
conservation, restoration and enhancement projects across
provincial, national and international borders."
Preserving biological diversity in rural landscapes is the basis
of environmental stewardship. NAWMP brings together the
knowledge, resources and tools necessary to sustain a healthy
rural landscape. NAWMP land management programs are
delivered under the Alberta Prairie CARE (APC) Program. APC
is working directly with landowners in dozens of .Alberta
communities to manage landscapes in a manner that provides
benefits to both wildlife and agriculture.
Cont d on page 5
June 8, 1998 -page 5
Four bionics have been defined in Alberta and NAWMP has
concentrated efforts in three of these bionics, the Peace
Parkland Biome, Aspen Parkland Biome and Prairie Biome.
The landscape in the Boreal Forest Biome has been impacted
less and is not a major focus area for NAWMP work.
"More than 4.500 farmers and ranchers are involved in
Alberta Prairie CARE," savs John Hermans, head of the
conservation and development branch with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "Some of the
environmentally sustainable agriculture practices that
contribute to the success of the NAWMP program include: a
land-use exchange, managed grazing systems, reduced tillage,
delayed haying, the use of flushing bars, conservation lea.se
agreements and easements, and demonstrations."
An April 1996 to March 1997 progress review. Linking Soil &
Water: Conservation for future generations, contains
Alberta Prairie CARE field reports and project highlights. From
1986 to March 1997. more than $64 million were spent in
Alberta to conserve over 550.000 acres of wetlands and
uplands for wildlife and sustainable agriculture benefits. In the
1996 97 fiscal year, more than SI 1 million was spent in the
province and an additional 59.654 acres were secured. The
cooperation and active participation of many Alberta farmers
keeps NAWMP moving toward the goal of healthier, more
resilient rural landscapes."
Funding for the NAWMP in Alberta comes from American and
Canadian sources. The major financial partners are U.S
federal and state governments. Ducks Unlimited Inc.,
Canadian federal and provincial governments, Ducks
Unlimited Canada and Wildlife Habitat Canada. Funding for the
NAWMP from Alberta Environmental Protection amounts to
10 per cent of the total funds available for NAW MP in the
province. Alberta's contribution is leveraged many times to
provide expenditure and ecological benefits for Albertans.
For more information about the North American Waterfow l
Management Plan in .Alberta, information about how to get
involved or for a copy of Linking Soil & Water, contact Brett
Calverley, NAWMP provincial coordinator. 202, 10470 - 176
Street, Edmonton. AB T5S 1L3 or phone (403) 489-2002.
Contact: John Hermans
(403) 427-3908
bermansio agric.gov. ab. ca
Brent Markham
(403) 422-9557
bmarkham (5 em .gov. ab.ca
Weed control in field peas - the
critical step
In field peas, weed control can make or break the crop Field
peas are not competitive and need closer attention when it
comes to weed control than any of the other ma|or crops
grown in Alberta.
Field preparation - it's impossible to move a seeded field
now but thinking about where to put peas can give an idea of
what to expect. The most important question producers should
ask is - were steps taken to eradicate perennial and winter-
annual weeds from the field prior to seeding' If thistle was
present in a field last year and nothing was done about it. be
ready for another go-round with thistle this year.
"It's important to spray early." says Terry Buss, pulse and
special crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "S iraying early is probably the most important
thing I have lean -A about controlling weeds in field peas. Peas
are very susceptible to damage from many of the broadleaf
herbicides used. Because of this, low field pea herbicide
concentrations or high water rates are used. This means that
the most effective control of broadleaves will occur if they are
sprayed when still small W hen weed seedlings are no bigger
than a Loonie' at the two to four-leaf stage, is a good rule of
thumb
"For later emerging weeds that the spray application misses,
remember, early emerging weeds compete well with the crop
and result in yield losses. The later emerging weeds can also
decrease yield, but at least there are some larger crop plants to
compete with them. Peas don't compete well but they have a
much better chance against small weeds than larger advanced
ones. If continual flushes of weeds such as cleavers and
chickweed are a concern then a herbicide with at least a
season long residual may be a good choice."
Know weed types - field pea chemicals are costly so knowing
which weeds are present in a field will help ensure that the
right products are being used for the weeds causing problems.
The tendency is to want to use the option that kills the greatest
variety of weeds. However, if a producers know s w hat weeds
are present, it may be possible to choose cheaper alternatives
This means taking the time to scout fields properly
If you have any questions or concerns about weed control 111
field peas, contact the Alberta Agriculture Vermilion District
Office (403) 853-8101
Contact: Terry Buss
(403) 853-8240
June 8, 1998 - page 6 National Library ol Canada
Bibliotheque natipnale du Canada
'Hill""
Agri-News Briefs
3 3286 51534 4139
New milk production techniques
Alberta dairy farmers will be shown new milk production
techniques at the Dairy Research and Technology Centre's
Dairy Day. During the morning sessions on June 12, 1998,
producers and support industry representatives have the
opportunity to hear and participate in discussions on topics
such as grains and forages for production, selecting barley
varieties and designing milk to meet consumer demand.
Concurrent workshops scheduled for the afternoon include:
feeding management, health and reproductive management
survival of the fittest and mining milk. Tours and
demonstrations round-out the afternoon. For more
information, contact Cheryl Robb, communications specialist
with Alberta Milk Producers, (403) 453-5942 or
1-800-252-7530
A new factsheet for Coriander
Coriander is an annual herb that belongs to the carrot family.
Once ripe, the seeds have a sweet citrus/mint/musty aroma
that has been prized for centuries. The Coriander factsheet,
Agdex 147/20-2, provides information on the crop's adaptation
to Alberta soil types and weather; yield and uses; seeding,
fertilization, harvest and storage; weed and pest management;
and, marketing. Copies of this free factsheet are available at all
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development district
offices or at Alberta Agriculture's Publications Office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Two additional intensive livestock
operations public meetings
In addition to the 16 open houses held during April and May
1998, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development is
holding two more public meetings on June 22 at the
Heritage Inn, Brooks and on June 23 at the Picture Butte
Community Centre. Both meetings begin at 2:00 p.m. and
will run until approximately 6:00 p.m. Anyone wishing a copy
of the Discussion Paper on Regulatory Options for
Livestock Operations can call the Policy Secretariat office at
(403)422-2070. The discussion paper is also available at
Alberta Agriculture district offices and through the Internet on
Alberta Agriculture's webpage at:
http://ww.agric.gov.abxa/economic/policy/ilo.html
Each copy of the discussion paper includes a mail-in
questionnaire. Public input on regulatory options for livestock
operations is extremely important and to ensure all Albertans
have an opportunity to respond, the deadline for receiving
questionnaires has been extended to the end of June 1998. All
responses should be sent to: Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, Policy Secretariat, 301, 7000 - 113 Street,
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, attention: Mike Pearson. Results from
the questionnaires and open houses will be compiled into a
summary document that will be brought forward to the
Standing Policy Committee on Agriculture and Rural
Development. For further information, contact Mike Pearson
(403) 422-2331.
JUH i
June 15, 1998
Weed free hay
The demand for inspected and certified weed free hay is
growing within Alberta and across North America. Several rural
municipalities are partnering with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development to offer a volunteer weed free hay
inspection and certification program in 1998.
"The spread of noxious and restricted weeds through hay is
well documented." says Shaffeek Alt, weed control specialist
with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development,
Edmonton. "The direct and indirect costs associated with the
spread of weeds has fuelled the demand for a clean hay
product."
Under this pilot program, hay must be inspected on a field bv
field basis prior to cutting. Based on a reasonable and prudent
visual inspection by qualified personnel using a standardized
inspection procedure, hay found to be free of viable seed or
propagules, portions of weeds that can result in new weeds
being propagated, as designated in the Alberta Standard or
National Parks Standard, may be certified.
"After visual inspection, a Certificate of Inspection is issued if
the field meets the requirements, says Ali The certificate
confirms that the hay has met the inspection criteria. Hay
inspected and certified as weed free will bear an inspection
tag."
If hay is being produced for personal use, weed free hay will
prevent weeds from infesting or spreading to other fields. For
producers selling their product, weed free hay may bring a
premium price.
"Hay contaminated with noxious or restricted weeds can
create a very costly situation on feeding sites and in fields
where livestock manure is spread," says Ali. "Feeding weedy
hay on native range or in riparian areas can introduce
aggressive, invasive weedy plant species and productivity may
be lost forever. It is very possible that National parks in the
province will require that only certified weed free hay is used
in the parks in the near future."
Based on the operation of the pilot program this year, a
provincial-wide program may be offered in the future. There is
tremendous value, monetary and environmental, in producing
weed free hay For answers to general questions about the
Alberta pilot program, contact All at Alberta Agriculture's pest
prevention and management unit (403) 422-4909-
Conl d on fiiigv 2
This Week
Weed free hay
1
Nuffield scholars tour southern Alberta
2
Algae in dugouts and sloughs
2
Getting a new pig-barn up and running
3
Deadline extended for options for livestock
regulations
4
Early May felt like summer
4
Briefs
5
AffLl-JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCTfd
' AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
June 15, 1998 -page 2
Hay producers in cooperating municipalities can contact the
municipal agricultural fieldman for details on local weed free
hay inspection and certification pilot programs. These areas
include:
• M.D. of Brazeau (403) 542-7777
• County of Camrose (403) 672-4765
• M.D. of Clearwater (403) 845-4444
• M.D. of Greenvievv (403) 524-4445
• M.D. of Rocky View (403) 230-1401
• M.D. ofYellowhead (403) 325-3782
Contact: Shajfeek Mi
(403) 422-4909
Nuffield scholars tour southern
Alberta
Since 1949, over 700 Nuffield Agricultural Scholars from
Australia, Canada, France, New Zealand, Russia, the U.K. and
Zimbabwe have travelled the world studying agricultural
topics. Each scholar is selected as a professional member of
the agricultural community and pursues excellence through
the International Nuffield Farming Scholarship Scheme.
"World Nuffield Scholars conferences are held every three
years," says Neil Reid, Nuffield Scholar 1976, Taber. "The
conference was held in Canada in 1983 and is being held in
Canada again this year, in Ontario. The post conference tour
was organized primarily by Saskatchewan Scholars and is
being held in western Canada."
This year's contingent of 60 overseas guests and scholars on
the western tour are from Australia, New Zealand, Zimbabwe,
England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland and are joined by
Canadian hosts. Many of the scholars have achieved
prominence in their own countries and the group probably
represents the most distinguished group of international
farmers to visit western Canada.
The touring group arrives in Medicine Hat on the evening of
July 22. A presentation is being made to the group by Rick
Martin of the Eastern Irrigation District at 9:00 p.m. There will
be opportunity to meet and network with the scholars during
the evening.
On July 23, they travel to Head-Smashed-ln Buffalo Jump for
lunch; on to Bar-U Ranch in Claresholm, owned and operated
by Orrin Hart, Canadian Nuffield Scholar 1951, where they stay
for a barbecue supper; and then on to Banff for the night.
For further information, contact Reid at (403) 223-1862,
Doug Visser, Canadian Scholar 1995, (403) 472-61 19 or
Rod Bradshaw, Canadian Scholar 1994, (403) 227-1020.
Contact: Neil Reid
(403)223-/862
Algae in dugouts and sloughs
From spring to fall, algae can be a problem with pasture water
supplies. Whether in dugouts, sloughs or stock tanks, getting
rid of algae growth is on the minds of Alberta stock growers.
"Algp.e are microscopic plants that live in water," says Ken
Williamson, agriculture engineering technologist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Red Deer. "There
are hundreds of species of algae and they seem to adapt to
almost any environment from the boiling hot springs of
Yellowstone to water bodies in the Arctic. Like any plant, they
require sunlight and basic nutrients, such as nitrogen and
phosphorous. Some algae, like stringy algae found in stock
tanks, are adapted to thrive in the clean cold water
environment with very low nutrient levels. Other algae, such as
the blue-green algae, prefer warm stagnant water with high
levels of phosphorus."
Most algae is just a nuisance. It plugs pipes and screens and
looks unsightly but otherwise isn't a problem. Some forms,
however, can be dangerous. Some species of blue-green algae
are toxic. They form toxins that can affect the nervous system
or internal organs, such as the liver. These algae are usually
most dangerous after a period of warm sunny weather when
growth is rapid and the algae concentrates to one end of a
pond.
"If algae is toxic, an animal can die within minutes of drinking
from the water," says Williamson. "The most common forms
of blue-green algae look like grass clippings in the water or
make the water look like pea soup."
There are several ways to deal with this potential problem:
• provide clean water for livestock
• keep an eye on surface water sources - if algae problems
occur, get cattle away from the water
• treat the water early, before there is a significant amount of
algae
• if water with a significant algae bloom is treated, keep
livestock away for about two weeks to allow any toxins that
may be there to dissipate.
"The most common treatment for algae bloom is copper
sulphate, bluestone," says Williamson. "The maximum
recommended dose is 1/4 to 1/2 pound per 100,000 gallons of
water. Too much bluestone will kill other aquatic life such as
fish and zoo plankton. Many of the zooplankton actually feed
on algae and provide some natural algae control. Clearly a case
of more is not better. Be careful to treat the water with the
correct amount of bluestone.
"If algae in a pond are toxic, bluestone can make the toxicity
problem worse. Bluestone ruptures the cell wall and causes
the toxin to be released all at once. It is extremely important to
keep animals away from the water in this situation.
Cont d on page 3
All alternative treatment is to use hvdrated lime to control
algae. The lime treatment settles the algae to the bottom and
doesn't allow the toxin to be released. The lime also
precipitates most of the phosphorous in the water, effectively
starving the algae for the rest of the season. The down-side of
lime treatment is that it requires relatively large amounts of
lime and it is best done bv a custom lime applicator. A typical
farm dugout will often need 500 to 1,000 pounds of lime.
Alberta Agriculture has several factsheets on algae control:
Dugout Maintenance - Agdex# FS7l6(B31),
Hydrated Lime for Algae Control - Agdex# FS7 lb(B37)
and Blue-Green Algae Poisoning of Cattle -
Agdex# FS666-4. They are available free of charge from any
Alberta Agriculture district office or from the publications
office. 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton. AB
Contact: Ken Williamson
(403) 340-5324
Getting a new pig-barn up and
running
Some of the most important steps in getting a new barn up
and running is spending time checking the construction
details of the building and planning start-up pig flow and
breeding programs.
"It is essential to complete the necessary post-construction
checks and set up general management plans." says Marvin
Salomons, pork specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development in Red Deer. "It's a good idea to have all of
the key people involved when equipment is being installed.
They are not only good quality control agents but may have
practical suggestions and ideas that can easily be incorporated
at this stage."
Several things can be done to prepare the barn before animals
arrive:
• prevent clogged sewer lines by removing all construction
debris from the pits;
• prepare the pits by adding at least six inches of water. A
bacterial starter can be added to aid future manure
decomposition;
• wash or spray cement with de-toxified sulfuric acid.
Untreated new cement can inhibit ideal bacterial growth in
pits for up to two years;
• pressure wash floors and slats at least three times before
pigs come in contact with them. This helps remove any
sharp cement abrasions or chips;
• disinfect the entire barn just before pigs arrive;
• smooth all welds and sharp edges. Test surfaces by running
a hand along them;
June 15, 1998 -page 3
• ensure concrete floors are warmed up - especialh in the
winter by pre-heating rooms for at least two weeks before
pigs are introduced,
• provide confinement bars or belts to lock small gilts into
stalls; and.
• pre-test all heating and ventilation systems before stocking
"To make start-up easier on pigs and staff, bring in new gilts
weekly for the first month and then switch to bi-weekly." sa\s
Salomons "Have the supplier stockpile gilts for at lease a
month before receiving the first batch. This allows the supplier
to get enough weight and age on them "
New producers will be able to breed enough from their first
batch to meet breeding targets and still leave the smallest ones
to cycle and breed on their next heat. Gilts cycling but no; bred
should be recorded and the information transferred to a
breeding prediction chart.
"Gilts should get initial vaccinations for purvo and erysipelas at
least one month before delivery and a second booster one
week before delivery," adds Salomons. If they haven't
received their second booster, producers should administer
this on arrival. All gilts should be tagged on arrival and again
when they are bred."
Decide early whether natural or artificial insemination (Al)
breeding will be done. At start-up. it may be better to do less
than 50 per cent AJ. Boars should be stockpiled by the supplier
for at least a month before delivery and always get at least
18-month old boars for ideal gilt stimulation and heat
checking.
"It may be easier to use boars for the first breeding and then
put gilts in stalls and Al for subsequent breedings." says
Salomons. "Be sure all staff have lots of experience in Al
Courses are available and trainers can be brought into a new
operation and instruct staff on-site."
Once bred, move gilts into farrowing at least one week before
the farrowing date. Have all farrowing equipment and
medicines in place. Also, farrowing stress can be reduced by
playing taped sounds of nursing and noisy pigs.
"Men dealing with livestock, there can be problems such as
gilts getting out of stalls, irregular cycles, repeats, abortions,
off-feed, scours and so on These upsets are all part of a
livestock operation and producers must deal with them. It's
good to know that there are pork specialist producers can call
in all areas of the province," says Salomons.
Contact: Mart in Salomons
(403) 340-5336
June 15, 1998 - page 4
Deadline extended for options
for livestock regulations
People in Alberta now have more time to make their views
known on how livestock operations in the province should be
regulated.
"We're adding two more open houses to the schedule and
extending the deadline for submissions on the Discussion
Paper,'' said Mike Pearson, with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development's policy secretariat. "We understand that
spring is a busy time of the year, and not just for farmers. This
is an important issue, and we believe that those who still want
to participate in the process will welcome the extra time."
The new open houses will be held on June 22 in Brooks at
the Heritage Inn, and in Picture Butte on June 23 at the
Picture Butte Community Centre. Both open houses will
run from 2:00 to 6:00 p.m. Those interested in participating
may drop in, obtain more information and fill out a copy of
the written questionnaire that comes with the discussion
paper. As well, the deadline for submissions of the
questionnaire has been extended to June 30, 1998. The
original deadline was June 1.
Alberta Agriculture has already held 16 open houses around
the province to get public input on regulatory options for
livestock operations. Approximately 400 individuals attended
these open houses. A) I 18 open houses are intended to
increase awareness of the discussion paper and encourage
individuals and groups to fill out the accompanying
questionnaire. Resource people from Alberta Agriculture as
well as various government departments, including
Environmental Protection and Municipal Affairs, will be
available to answer questions about the options presented as
well as the new draft Code of Practice for Responsible
Livestock Development and Manure Management.
Local municipal government councillors and staff in Brooks
and Picture Butte are encouraged to attend the open houses.
The discussion paper was created in response to concerns
expressed by municipal governments, livestock developers and
private citizens regarding the current process for approval of
new livestock facilities, as well as the framework for
monitoring and enforcing the environmental sustainability of
existing livestock operations.
Results from the questionnaires and open houses will be
compiled into a summary document that will be brought
forward to the Standing Policy Committee on Agriculture and
Rural Development. Following that, further-defined proposals
regarding livestock operations and possible regulations will be
circulated for consultation later this year.
Each copy of the discussion paper includes a mail-in
questionnaire to solicit as much public input as possible.
Anyone wishing a copy of the discussion paper should call the
policy secretariat office of Alberta Agriculture at
(403) 422-2070. The discussion paper is also available on the
Internet on Alberta Agriculture's website. The address is:
http://wwTv.agric.gov.ab.ca/economic/policy/ilo.html
Copies of the discussion paper can be picked up at .Alberta
Agriculture district offices. So far, approximatelv S.500 copies
of the discussion paper have been distributed.
Contact: Mike Pearson Bard Haddrell
(403) 422-2070 (403) 427-5312
Early May felt like summer
All Alberta locations reported above normal monthly average
temperatures for the second month in a row. The provincial
average May temperature was 2.8 degrees above the 1961 to
1990 average of 10.2 degrees C. and the April provincial
average temperature was 2.7 degrees above normal.
"May started with daytime temperatures reaching around
thirty degrees," says Peter Dzikowski. "Temperatures returned
to slightly above normal the second and third week of May. The
warm weather continued to the end of the month, however
some locations reported localized frost damage late in the
month."
May temperatures ranged from 0.8 to 5.7 degrees C above
normal. The Peace Region reported the greatest temperature
departures, 3-9 to 4.7 degrees above normal. These averages
are based on data recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate
stations across Alberta.
"Growing degree day totals for May were ten days ahead of
normal in the southern region, two to three weeks ahead in
the north east, north west and central regions, and three and a
half weeks ahead in the Peace region," says Dzikowski.
"Growing degree day totals are used for comparing the
progress of a growing season to the long-term average and are
useful for estimating crop development stages and maturity
dates."
The provincial average precipitation of 43. 2 mm was 4.3 mm
below the 1961 to 1990 average of 47.5 mm.
The southern region reported above normal precipitation. The
northeast, northwest, central and Peace regions reported
below normal precipitation totals. Amounts of 1 1.4 to
184.8 mm, or 1 1 to 26 1 per cent of norma! were reported. The
eastern half of the central and north east regions, and parts of
the Peace region were the driest areas in May.
Cont 'd on fwge 5
June 15, 1998 - page 5
"Stavely west reported the greatest precipitation departure with
171.2 mm or 324 per cent of normal." adds Ozikowski On the
dry side. Lac La Bache reported 5.8 mm of precipitation in
May. only 1 1 per cent of it's long term average.
'The Environment Canada temperature anomalv forecast for
June, 1998 is for helow normal temperatures for Alberta.
Climatology indicates that summer months with below normal
temperatures tend to have above normal precipitation Above
normal temperatures in May were associated with below
normal precipitation in most of Alberta."
You can find more details at the Robin' The Web Internet site:
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca navigation, sustain climate/
index.html
Contact: Peter Dzikawski
(403) 427-3594
Agri-News Briefs
Drought Watch - website provides
essential information
Provides information on drought risks and how to tailor
farming practices to unusually dry weather, Drought Watch is a
new PFRA website. Up-to-date information on drought
conditions in Western Canada is available on-line. PFRA is
monitoring the impacts of drought on water supplies, soil
degradation and agricultural production to give producers the
most up-to-the-moment information possible. Features that
suggest activities to reduce drought vulnerability are being
built and will be included on the website. The information is
easily downloadable and is presented in high resolution and
color format. .VII information, including maps, is ready to be
used as handout material for presentations or used in print or
electronic new reports Links to other websites are built in so
that producers can access additional information on crop
reports, climate conditions, reservoir levels, streamflow,
snowpack. groundwater levels and cropping information. The
website address is:
http: Www.agr.ca pfra drought.htm
Further information is available by contacting Ted O'Brien
(306)780-6000 in Regina, or one of the PFR\ offices in
Alberta.
Builders of Alberta Award presented
to Ag Association
On May 22. the University of Alberta honored eight groups with
a one-time only Builders of Alberta Award. Created as part of
the U of As 90"1 anniversary celebrations, the award recognizes
groups that have made a significant contribution to Alberta's
growth since 1908. Contributions to social, economic,
educational, cultural, business, health and professional
aspects of provincial growth were eligible. Since the formation
of the Edmonton Agricultural Society in 1879, Ag Societies
have been an integral part of community life for both rural
and urban centres in Alberta. There are now 300 societies
throughout Alberta that have a strong partnership with
government, communities and organizations. These societies
are involved in providing programs and facilities that enrich
rural life and benefit Altaians of all ages. Ag Society fairs/
exhibitions were the original marketing centres for Alberta
products, services and resources and they continue this
function today, generating over SI 50 million annually. For
further information, contact Wendy Pruden, executive assistant
for the Alber'a Association of Agricultural Societies.
(403) 427-2174.
June 15, 1998 -page 6
1998 forage competition winners
Wheat genetics symposium
At the 12lh annual Alberta Dairy Congress, held in Leduc on
June 3 to 5, 1998, this year's forage competition winners were
announced. The Best Forage Sample award went to Darrell
Graff of Vulcan. Other forage producers who stacked up in the
competition are:
Class 1 - legume hay:
5 - George Beutler, Leduc
Class 2 - grass/legume hay mix:
1 - Darrell Graff, Vulcan
2 - Alfred Hildebrandt, Calmar
3 - Ray Galas, Clyde
4 - Richard and Dianne Andersen, Evansburg
1 - Ray Galas, Clyde
2 - Jeffrey Miller, Markville
3 - Andersons, Rimbey
The 9'h International Wheat Genetics Symposium is being held
at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, on August 2 to 7,
1998. This is the second time the IWGS will be held in Canada.
The symposium covers all aspects of wheat genetics and
breeding. The program includes invited and contributed
papers and posters and a referred proceedings including
papers and posters will be available at the symposium.
Information is available on-line at:
http://www.usask.ca/agriculture/cropsci/winter_wheat/
9th_iwgs/
For further information, contact Pierre Hucl (306) 966-8667,
Doug Knott (306) 966-4953 or Carolyn Ouellet
(306) 966-4944.
4 - John and Brenda Dewitt, Millet
Class 3 - grass hay:
1 - Ed Wedman, Leduc
2 - Alfred Hildebrandt, Calmar
3 - Arthur Balkan, Edmonton
4 - George Beutler, Leduc
5 - Jack Vanderhoef, Wetaskiwin
Class 4 - haylage:
1 - Rob Scheltus, Lacombe
2 - Tom Stoker, Lacombe
3 - John and Brenda Dewitt, Millet
4 -JET. Dairy Farms, Lacombe
5 - Houweling Farms, Coaldale
Class 5 - cereal silage:
1 - Joe Deunk, Leduc
2 - Andersons, Rimbey
3 - Ed Reirson, Leduc
4 - Jake Wedman, Leduc
5 - John and Brenda Dewitt, Millet
Class 6 - export hay:
1 - Gordon Reid and Sons, Cremona
2 - Wilfred Knight, Tees
3 - Jim Anderson, Rimbey
4 - George Beutler, Leduc
"The overall quality of this year's entries was average to
slightly above average," says Fred Young, crop specialist,
forages, with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Evansburg. For further information, contact
Young at (403) 727-3673.
k&\-News
CAMAUHANA
JUfl «" Ml
June 22, 1998
The changing face of rural
landscape
For over 20 years, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development has been concerned over the loss of agricultural
land. As a result, since 1976. the department has regularly
monitored additions and deletions to the land base. Results
are now available from the most recent study and you might
be pleasantly surprised.
"From 1991 to 1995, Alberta did not lose any agricultural land
to development. On the contrary, there was a five-year net gain
of over 20,000 acres," savs Mike Pearson, senior policy analyst
with policy secretariat. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "This happened because of policy changes in
the early 1990s, including the phasing out of government
financing for the purchase of land. The changes led many
holders of public lands leases with options to purchase to
finalize the sale of the land, adding to the agricultural land
base. Municipalities also continue to make responsible
land-use planning decisions that protect agricultural users."
The net loss of agricultural land over two decades is
253-000 acres. When compared to the provincial agricultural
land base, this represents only one-half of one-percent. It is
recognized that the overall quality of our land base is changing
very slightly over time. While most land additions are of lower
quality, about half of the land deletions are of higher quality.
Alberta Agriculture does not believe the agricultural land base
is in jeopardy, but that doesn't mean it's time to be
complacent. Even more demands on the agricultural land base
are expected in the future.
"In addition to public land sales no longer being encouraged,
oil and gas activity is at a 20-year high," says Pearson. Also,
residential subdivisions have been increasing since the mid-
1980s. As urban residential developments move into rural
areas, the number of nuisance complaints may increase. This
will present special challenges to the agricultural industry."
Alberta Agriculture believes it's important to continue
collecting agricultural land base data. This information is a
valuable tool to municipalities that will continue to make
responsible planning decisions.
"There will always be changes to our landscape." adds
Pearson. "Alberta Agriculture doesn't become involved in
individual subdivisions or zoning changes. This power is in the
hands of local governments. Municipalities can do a good job
in balancing the needs for residential and industrial
developments, and the need to maintain a viable productive
agricultural land base."
Contact: \tike Pearson (403) 422-2070
This Week
The changing face of rural landscape
1
Why diversify?
2
Italian Ryegrass
2
FBMP seeks project applications
3
Lygus bug look-out
3
Drilling Waste Management
4
Briefs
4
AfSri-JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
^-^ AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
June 22, 1998 -page 2
Why diversify?
Diversification of crop and livestock production is of
considerable interest to Alberta producers. Staff in Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's New Crop
Development Unit are constantly looking for new kinds of
crops that might be adapted to commercial production.
"Through diversification, farmers strive to increase
productivity and marketability of their crops and profitability of
their operations," says Dr. Ron Howard, unit leader of the New
Crop Development Unit, Brooks. "Before selecting an
alternative crop, producers need to get the answers to some
key questions. How much will it cost to produce? What is the
end product and how can it be used? How strong is the market
for it? What quality and consistency of supply are needed?
What will the economic returns be?"
When trying out a new crop for the first time, producers
should start on a small scale. Crops that require only minor
farm equipment and management changes in comparison to
those already being grown are often the best choice. Crops that
need major changes in equipment and management will be
more costly and difficult to grow. Other important factors to
consider are the availability of local production information,
previous experience in growing alternative crops, risk from
pests and diseases, and access to knowledgeable crop
specialists or certified crop advisors.
"Canola, pulses, essential oil crops, forage seed and various
horticultural crops are examples of past crop diversification
successes in .Alberta," adds Howard. "Today, Alberta
Agriculture staff are looking at alternative crops that have
potential uses as exotic human foods, medicines, animal
feeds, nutraceuticals, fibres, energy sources and industrial raw
materials."
Diversification is expected to play an ever increasing and
important role in the future growth of Alberta's agricultural
industry, especially as new crops come into use or different
ways are found in which to use traditional crops.
Contact: Dr. Ron Howard
(403) 362-1328
Italian Ryegrass
Cow condition and calf weight gains are often compromised in
the fall because of low quantity or quality of grass. The use of
winter cereals or annual ryegrass can boost calf gains and cow
condition in the fall while at the same time reducing winter
feed costs.
"Intercropping or seeding spring and winter cereals together
can provide high quality extra fall grazing," says Patrick
Ramsey, PAg., beef specialist - cow/calf with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "When fall cereal
such as fall rye, winter wheat or winter triticale, is seeded in
spring it remains in the vegetative state and provides excellent
grazing after the spring cereal is harvested for greenfeed or
silage."
Annual or Italian Ryegrass is a new idea for providing excellent
quality late fall grazing. Italian Ryegrass grows best on irrigated
land or in areas with 20 inches of annual rainfall. Seeded at
10-12 lbs/acre and fertilized like a normal grain crop, it
produces large yields of palatable forage. Italian Ryegrass
doesn't harden off for winter and keeps growing late into the
fall, resulting in a nutrient quality similar to barley silage.
Annual Ryegrass yields more than oats, fall rye or winter wheat
in areas of adequate moisture.
"Three Farming for the Future (FFF) projects were conducted
in the Longview and High River areas last summer to evaluate
Italian Ryegrass under our growing conditions," says Ramsey.
"When annual Ryegrass was seeded as a mono crop very good
growth occurred. Early weaned calves were put onto the
55 acre pasture after weaning in mid September and had
virtually no sickness. The 217 calves averaged 2.7 Ibs/head/day
over 3 1 days for a total of 373 lbs of beef per acre. Cows went
into winter in better condition and were able to winter graze
longer than with later weaning."
When Italian Ryegrass was seeded as an intercrop with oats on
27 acres, excellent growth occurred. Yearlings were used to
graze off the oats and were sold at the end of July. The
64 yearlings averaged 2.9 Ibs/head/day over 30 days for a total
of 204 lbs of beef per acre. The regrowth was grazed with
240 early weaned calves averaging 0.7 Ibs/hd/day over 37 days
and produced another 247 lbs of beef per acre.
When Italian Ryegrass was seeded with barley silage on 90
acres the regrowth was not as good. However, 35 nursing
calves gained 4.4 Ibs/head/day over 33 days for a total of 48 lbs
of beef per acre on the Italian Ryegrass, compared to
50 nursing calving which gained 3 9 Ibs/head/day over 33 days
for a total of 107 lbs of beef per acre on 60 acres of fall rye.
The fall rye pasture was then grazed by 85 cow/calf pairs for
another two weeks after the Italian Ryegrass was gone but had
the advantage of being seeded on chem-fallow. Moisture may
have been limiting for the Italian Ryegrass in this location as it
received 12 inches of rain compared to 14 inches at the above
two locations. Winter wheat or fall rye seeded with barley silage
in the spring would have been more economical than Italian
Ryegrass, and have the advantage of being grazed the following
spring.
For more information on extending the grazing season,
reducing cost of production, or Italian Ryegrass call your
nearest beef or forage specialist with .Alberta Agriculture.
Contact: Pat Ramsey
652-8303
June 22, 1998 -page 3
FBMP seeks project
applications
The Canada Alberta Farm Business .Management Program
(FBMP) is calling for project applications for the 1998/99
programming year. There is no deadline for applications, so
interested Alhertans are urged to act quickly as funds will he
allocated on a first come - first served basis.
"The application process is very straight forward." says FBMP
representative, Aria Trueblood. "All that is required initially is
a two-page letter of application. The proposal is reviewed by a
committee. Requirements after the review are based on factors
such as the funding level requested or suggestions for
modification made by the review committee."
The initial letter of application requires a basic amount of
information; who is applying, the target audience to be
reached, the area of management, the learning activity
addresses and the dollars required. Projects are reviewed
monthly, so the waiting time to hear back is short. If the
funding level requested is large, a more detailed proposal with
a detailed budget and evaluation strategy are required next.
Smaller projects need only a detailed budget.
"Private sector firms, government agencies and individual
members of farmer groups are encouraged to apply," says
Trueblood. "The funding application must, however, deal with
some aspect of farm management. Production topics do not
qualify."
FBMP will help cover the cost of speakers and hall rental for
conferences, learning activities (face to face or distance
delivery) and research projects. FBMP has helped support a
number of local marketing clubs, made up of groups of
farmers meeting regularly to hone their marketing skills.
"The Program looks at a wide variety of projects." adds
Trueblood. "If a group or individual thinks their project or
project idea may qualify, they should call FBMP"
FBMP can also help expand on ideas for learning events.
Program representatives have the experience and the contacts
needed to get in touch with specialists and event organizers.
A full information package that includes the format for
submitting proposals is available by calling 510-0000 and
asking for or dialing 556-4218.
Contact: Aria Trueblood
(403) 556-4218
Lygus bug look-out
Uith the year being so earl\ and dry, crops were generally
seeded a lot sooner than normal Canola that would have |iist
been seeded in early June was already getting ready to flower
"In keeping with earlier crops, pests are also much further
advanced than normal." says Jay Byer. cereal and oilseed
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. Bonnyville "One pest of canola that became a
concern last year was lygus bugs Lygus bugs attack canola at
two stages -- when the flower buds are just forming and when
the seeds in the pods are young and juicy. This year, producers
began to see damage in early seeded crops as soon as bolting
started."
Knowing what to look for is the first step in taking action
against lygus bugs. There are two signs of early problems with
lygus bugs:
• flower buds are normally a bright green before flowering. If
lygus bugs have been active in budding canola. flower buds
will appear whitish and do not fully develop, and
• actual bugs will be present and can be found. Lygus bugs
are greenish colored shield-shaped bugs with distinctive
lighter triangular areas immediately behind the head.
"There are two ways to look for lygus bugs, the first is the
easiest - call a local agrologist and have them sweep the
suspect field with a sweep net to assess the lygus bug problem
Sweeping can be done using a 5-gallon pail, also." says Byer.
"The recommended method is to sweep 180 degrees at arm's
length. Get down to the crop level when sweeping. Do
10 sweeps at 10 sites in various parts of the field. Count and
keep track of the numbers you find."
In the bud to early pod stage, after doing a complete
assessment, if an average of 1.5 lygus bugs per sweep are
found, there may be a problem. In the late pod stage, more
than two bugs per sweep is a problem and it may be necessary
to consider spray ing.
"Producers are encouraged to contact their local Alberta
Agriculture office for more information on lygus bugs or for a
consultation regarding the need to spray,' adds Byer.
Contact: Jay Byer
(403) 826-3388
June 22, 1998 -page 4
Drilling Waste Management
A visual display of acceptable drilling waste disposal options is
now available in a new video called Drilling Waste
Management.
"Drilling affects the surface of the land and the people who
own or occupy it," says Jan Patterson, information specialist
with public lands branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Edmonton. "Landowners and residents may
find it useful to be aware of drilling waste regulations and
practices. This new video was designed to show the various
ways drilling waste should be disposed of."
In October 1996, three government agencies, Alberta Energy
and Utilities Board, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development and Alberta Environmental Protection, published
Guide 50: Drilling Waste Management. The guide regulates the
proper disposal of drilling wastes. It was the result of industry,
government and representatives from the Alberta public
working together to develop requirements.
"The video takes the requirements set out in the guide and
explains proper disposal of drilling waste from oil and gas
operations in .Alberta." says Patterson. "The disposal of drilling
waste must be done using environmentally acceptable
methods and it's important for landowners to know what these
methods are and be aware of their rights in these situations."
Issues surrounding drilling waste disposal are explained in the
video from the oil and gas industry's, government agencies'
and landowner's points of view.
Copies of the video can be purchased for $10 plus GST through
the Alberta Agriculture publications office, main floor,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6. To order by phone,
call the toll free line, 1-800-292-5697. Both VISA and
MasterCard are accepted. Please add $2 plus GST for shipping
and handling.
Contact: Jan Patterson
(403) 427-4684
Agri-News Briefs
National Library ol Canada
Bibliothequena ipnaledu Canada
Special crops field day
Quizzical about quinoa? Mulling over millet? Seeking info on
St. Johnswort? Puzzled about peas? Enthralled over echinacea?
Concentrating on caraway and coriander? July 30 at the Crop
Diversification Centre North (CDCN) is the chance to see 150
different species being evaluated for their potential in Alberta.
The field day includes a tour of the test plots of pulse crops,
spice crops, culinary herbs, aromatic species, medicinal plants
and other alternate crops. As well, the day features
presentations and discussions concerning fibre hemp
research, research on new species for the province,
information on special crops currently being produced and
other related CDCN programs. Registration is $10. Please
confirm attendance by calling (403) 422-1789. For further
information, contact Dr. Stan Blade, Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, (403) 422-1789.
Dairy Award of Distinction
nominations
The Westerner Championship Dairy Showcase committee is
seeking nominations for the Provincial Dairy Award of
Distinction. This annual award is presented to a maximum of
three Alberta Dairy farmers, business people or families who
have made a major contribution to the .Alberta dairy industry.
3 3286 51534 4378
Nominations in the form of resumes or outline letters should
be faxed to Westerner Park (403) 341-4699- Deadline for
nominations is 12:00 noon, August 14, 1998. Winners will be
announced and contacted in August. Award presentation takes
place at an awards banquet during the Dairy Showcase event,
October 29 to 31, 1998 at Red Deer's Westerner Park. The
award program is supported by UFA and the Canadian Imperial
Bank of Commerce. For further information and nomination
criteria, contact Leigha Graf (403) 309-0209, Red Deer.
Medicinal & culinary herbs
There is tremendous interest in the herb market. For Alberta
herb growers, it's important to know what crops to plant to be
able to realize a profitable harvest in the summer, fall or
possibly next year. During the afternoon of June 27, 1998 at
Blooming Prairie, 10351 - 76 Avenue, Edmonton, a seminar
on Production, Processing & Marketing of Medicinal
& Culinary Herbs is being offered. Katie Benschop, owner of
Blooming Prairie, will talk about the opportunities in the
production of medicinal and culinary herbs. Topics from seed
selection to marketing will be covered. Cost of the seminar is
$35 per person or $60 per couple. For more information, call
(403) 431-1451.
b<?/
JLiN >>9 1998
June 29, 1998
A balanced approach to nutrient
management
Nutrient management combines livestock production, manure
handling, agronomy and crop production in a way that
balances the recycling of nutrients in the production of
agricultural products. Maintaining such a balance minimizes
the degradation of soil and lessens the impacts to air and
water
"Before getting to a balanced approach, there needs to be a
change in the concept of manure disposal to one of nutrient
recycling." says Neil Miller RAg. crop specialist, pulse and
special crops with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Optimum rates of manure application
consistent with crop use must be determined. This will reduce
the manure odor pollution, eliminate the risk of groundwater
contamination from manure and the risk of manure and other
natural runoff from fields. Using a balanced approach will also
reduce the buildup of soil salinity."
There needs to be a matching of manure disposal and crop
use. This involves different application rates for different soil
and agroclimatic regions.
"Agriculture should be seen as a recycling industry, not a
polluter." says Miller. "We already know that using the concept
of back-tlood irrigation on lowlands, and the subsequent
haying of those areas, can take many pollutants (plant
nutrients) out of runoff water. Determining disposal and
uptake of micronutnents and macro-nutrients in soil is an
essential step."
As livestock numbers increa.se in the province, it's important
to understand the impact of agriculture on the environment A
recent studv Impacts of Agriculture on Water Quality
in Alberta, showed that agriculture does impact the
environment. Alberta Agriculture is developing guidelines that
match manure disposal to crop use. both for macro- and
micronutrients.
"While it's important for agriculture to promote the recycling
of nutrients, farmers and investors need to know that what
they are doing in the short term is environmental!)
sustainable in the long term." adds Miller
Cunt d on page _'
This Week
A balanced approach to nutrient management
1
Safer summer-time barbecues
2
Horticulture week '98
2
Feedlot survey finds new biocontrol option for
cattle pests
3
1998 Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer Show
4
1998 Provincial Direct Seeding Day
4
Balanced fertility
4
Fall seeded canola and reduced tillage
5
Briefs
6
^XI-JVGWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCTfd
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
June 29, 1998 - page 2
To accomplish balanced nutrient management there must be:
• safe storage of livestock manure to prevent the loss of plant
nutrients;
• manure applied in amounts to match the plant nutrient
requirements, without any running off or leaching away;
• crop analysis for feed quality;
• rations formulated to best meet the requirements of the
type of livestock being fed; and.
• livestock ration feeding that minimizes waste.
"Properly balanced nutrient management can reduce both
odors and the amount of manure produced," says Miller.
"Recycling helps agriculture be sustainable."
Contact: Neil Miller
(403) 782-3310
Safer summer-time barbecues
Summer is synonymous with barbecue. And barbecue isn't
barbecue without steaks, chicken, chops and big, fat, juicy
hamburgers. However, with barbeque season in full swing it's
important to take care when handling and cooking meat.
"While haemorrhagic colitis has been nicknamed hamburger
disease, ground beef isn't the only culprit," says Linda St.
Onge, food scientist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "All undercooked beef, pork and poultry, as well
as unpasteurized milk, are ideal for the growth of the E.coli
bacteria responsible for haemorrhagic colitis."
"In the last few years, incidents of hamburger disease have
declined, and that's a very positive sign," says St. Onge. "The
disease is a gastrointestinal illness caused by E.coli bacteria.
The bacteria produces a poison, or toxin, that damages the
intestinal lining and results in haemorrhagic colitis.
Symptoms include: severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea,
dehydration and a mild fever, two to eight days after eating
contaminated food."
Recommendations from Alberta Health on treating hamburger
disease are very explicit:
• see your doctor if you experience bloody diarrhea
• do not take medication to stop the diarrhea, unless
prescribed by your doctor
• drink lots of clear fluids
• in most cases, antibiotics are not useful
"Recovery from the disease is usually noticed within two
weeks," adds St. Onge. "In a very small number of cases, the
E.coli toxin results in a serious, sometimes fatal complication
called Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HI'S). This kidney failure
can result in the need for dialysis and, eventually, kidney
transplant. It is especially dangerous to young children, the
chronically ill and the elderly."
The most effective way to combat haemorrhagic colitis, is to
practice good, hygienic food handling and preparation.
There are a few basic food-handling precautions when cooking
meat that will prevent illness:
• cook ground beef and chicken thoroughly so there is no
pink in the centre and juices are clear;
• internal temperature of larger cuts of meat must be at least
140°F to kill the bacteria. The temperature can be checked
with a meat thermometer;
• don't let raw or cooked meat sit at room temperature.
Serve cooked meats immediately or keep hot and cook
prepared hamburger patties or other meats immediately or
refrigerate;
• refrigerate or freeze meats as soon as possible after buying;
• thaw frozen meats in the refrigerator or in a microwave and
not at room temperature;
• wash your hands thoroughly before and after handling food
and raw meats;
• wash all utensils, cutting boards and counters with hot
soapy water to prevent bacteria in raw meats from
contaminating other foods;
• wash all utensils or plates that have been in contact with
raw meats before using again;
• use separate cutting boards for raw meats, cooked meats
and other foods (or wash the cutting board thoroughly after
each use) ; and,
• avoid unpasteurized milk.
"Summer is a great season to enjoy. Being a little more careful
with food prep is not only easy to do but will result in a safer
summer for .Alberta families," says St. Onge.
Contact: Linda St. Onge (403) 986-4793
The Food Safety Information Hotline
1-800-892-8333
Horticulture week '98
Olds College is hosting the 34'h annual Hort Week on July 19 to
24. Each year the event is attended by both amateur and
professional gardeners.
"Hort week is an opportunity for everyone to enjoy themselves
while learning more about horticulture," say s F.die Stelkovics,
hort week coordinator. "Participants can learn new skills and
brush-up on old ones. It's a chance to get up-to-date
information on new industry developments. Professional
designers, floral shop managers and amateur gardeners will
all find something new to learn. A wide variety of information
will be presented by experts in the horticulture and floriculture
industries. Hort week has helped earn Olds College its
industry-wide reputation for green-thumb excellence. This
year's event continues that tradition."
Cont d on page j
Workshops, courses and mini-seminars are being ottered on
everything from alpine gardens to water gardening in
containers. New this year is a herb growers school with
subjects ranging from growing echinacea to St Johnswort,
specialty crops processing to organic certification.
Special interest courses include birch bark basketry
beekeeping to wine and beer making. Other interesting items
include guest speakers Lois Hole and Jan Mathers, garden
walks and the 3'd Annual Hort Week Mini-Market.
For more information, contact Stelkovics at Olds College.
1-800-661-6537 or check out the website:
http: www.oldscollege.ab.ca
Contact: F.die Stelkovics
(403) 556-8254
Feedlot survey finds new
biocontrol option for cattle
pests
A two-year survey of feedlots across Alberta has identified a
naturally occurring parasitic wasp with potential as a biological
control tool against biting flies that attack cattle.
"Tricbomalopsis sarcopbagae is a tiny native wasp that kills
stable flies that cost feedlot operators in the province an
estimated $7 million in lost production each year." says
project coordinator. Dr. Kevin Floate of the Lethbridge
Research Centre. "It also attacks house flies, a nuisance pest
for people living near feedlots. If further study is successful,
the wasp could be commercially available as a control option
to producers within five years."
The finding is the result of an extensive survey conducted
through the cooperation of feedlot operators and both federal
and provincial researchers. Twenty-two participating feedlots
were sampled by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada's
Lethbridge and Ottawa research centres and Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
"If proven effective for biocontrol. the wasp would give feedlot
operators a much-needed control alternative." says Floate.
"Flies cause discomfort and stress in cattle, resulting in
production losses. The painful bites of stable flies can reduce
weight gain and feed conversion efficiency in feeder cattle up
to 20 per cent, while house flies are more of a nuisance to
workers and nearby homeowners
"Research shows that a more comfortable animal is a more
productive animal. So pest control not only improves animal
welfare, it increases returns to producers."
Biological control or biocontrol uses natural enemies to
control a target pest without harming desirable organisms.
Harmless to people and livestock, these parasitic wasps act as
June 29, 1998 -page 3
a natural biocontrol agent b\ laving eggs inside tl\ pupae
When the wasps hatch, they eat the developing flics
Some species of parasitic wasps used lor biocontrol in 'he
United States have trouble overwintering in Alberta This is not
a problem for T sarcopbagae.
"The two major advantages of this wasp are that it is well
adapted Id Alberta and it produces main offspring for each ll\
pupa attacked That makes it cheaper to rear than other
species of wasps and potentially more elective to use over the
long-term." says Floate "Less than one per cent of fl\ pupae
sampled were attacked by wasps of any species, but biocontrol
strategies that increase the number of wasps could
significantly reduce pest fly populations ."
These parasites by themselves are unlikely to provide sufficient
fly control. Their use is intended as part of an overall
integrated pest management program that includes improved
sanitation and more selective use of pesticides.
Eggs of stable flies and house flies are laid in wet bedding or
hay. manure and rotting silage, he savs. Sanitation can help
keep fly populations down, but Alberta feedlot operators have
few options for major pest problems.
"Some producers opt for chemical controls, but insecticides
can be difficult to apply effectively." Floate says. "Plus,
research has shown that flies eventually build up resistance to
insecticides in subsequent generations, so we need to find
more sustainable control options."
Further studies will evaluate the potential of the native
T. sarcopbagae as a biocontrol agent for the region The
research also may benefit dairv producers, since fly-induced
stress can reduce milk production by up to seven per cent.
Feedlots sampled in the survey had a minimum one-time
holding capacity of 1,000 cattle. With one exception, each
feedlot was sampled in both 19% and 199" Feedlots were
selected from grassland, parkland, and boreal forest regions of
Alberta, with twelve from the grassland region where the
feedlot industry is concentrated.
Samples were taken by placing free/e-killed fly pupae in the
feedlots. retrieving them one week later and identifying the
emergent wasps. In all. 10 species of parasitic wasp were
identified. Of the parasitized pupae. 1~\ per cent were attacked
by T. sarcopbagae. making it the second-most prevalent
species in the survey
In related work, scientists at the Lethbridge Research Centre
are investigating the potential of a non-native wasp.
Muscidifurax raplorellns, that is available commercially for
fly control. Preliminary tests suggest the wasp cannot
overwinter in Alberta, but multiple releases throughout the
summer may reduce fly numbers
Contact: Or Kevin Floate Ron McMullin
(403) 317-2242 (403) 327-4561.
f ax (403) 382-3156
June 29, 1998 -page 4
1998 Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer
Show
4-H Beef Club members from across the province are gearing
up for the 22nd annual 4-H Provincial Beef Heifer Show in
Bashaw, Alberta. The show will be held July 12th to 14th and
will feature purebred and crossbreed cattle from seventy-seven
4-H Beef Clubs across the province.
"This year the show has increased in popularity' again, with
475 animals already registered," says Henry Wiegman,
provincial 4-H agriculture specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Three hundred 4-H members
will be competing for top honours in judging, team grooming,
breed classes, interbreed conformation, the herdsmanship
competition, project bowl contest, showmanship and
freshman classes. Across all classes and categories, the total
number of entries is a staggering 2,650."
The United Farmers of Alberta, Alberta Treasury Branches,
American Breeders Service - Canada, the Bashaw Agricultural
Society, Alberta 4-H Programs Trust and Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development are providing generous
sponsorship for this event.
The Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer Show will be held at the Bashaw
Agricultural Grounds, events running from 2:30 p.m. to 9 p.m.
Sunday, 8:30 a.m. to 9 p.m. Monday, and 8:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Tuesday. Spectators are encouraged to come take in the show.
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
email: henry. iviegman(aagric.gov.ab.ca
1998 Provincial Direct Seeding
Day
The 1998 Provincial Direct Seeding Demonstration will be held
on July 7 at the Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative's (ARTI)
direct seeding site just west of Red Deer.
In early May, 10 direct seeding drills seeded at the site. The
same drills will seed again on July 7. The following drills will
be demonstrated on site:
• John Deere 1820 Air Hoe - Stealth paired row openers
• Flexi-Coil 5000 - Stealth paired row openers
• Flexi-Coil 5000 - 5 inch single shoot spread
• Flexi-Coil 6000 - double shoot Barton openers
• ConservaPak
• Concord 2812 - Farmland SB4
• Morris Maxim - Gumbo boot paired row
• Bourgault 5710 4 inch spread with midrow banders
• Ezee-On 7550 - 4 inch shovel with Farmland SB1
• Harmon 3680 - Eagle Beak openers
"The 80 acre site is a must see for producers, savs Peter
Gamache. program manager,
Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative. "It features not only the
direct seeding drills but numerous direct seeded plots. Barley
wheat, canola. peas, forages and fall seeded canola are seeded
in the plots. Producers will be able to see some of the do's and
don'ts of direct seeding related to residue management,
fertilizer placement and seeding depth. "
Weed control plots will include Roundup Ready canola. surface
applied, non-incorporated granular herbicides, harvest staging
trials, Lontrel/Roundup in canola, and new weed chemistry.
Other plots include seed treatments, seeding depths and
timing of weed removal and direct seeding into forages.
Monsanto, Dow AgroSciences, Westco, Agrium and Agriculture
Canada have extensive plots at the site.
The Red Deer direct seeding site is located one kilometer west
of the intersection of Highway 2 and 32 Street on the west side
of Red Deer. The site is open throughout the growing season
for self-guided tours. For more information on the site and the
equipment field day call 1-800-251-6846.
Contact: Peter Gamache
(403) 427-3361
Balanced fertility
Balanced fertility is a key factor in producing any crop
successfully. For canola, the weak link is often a shortage of
sulphur.
"Nitrogen is recognized as an important component in
building proteins, but sulphur is also needed." says Ron
Hockridge, crop specialist, cereals and oilseeds, with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "A ratio of 10 or
12 pounds nitrogen to one pound of sulphur may be
appropriate for cereals but canola needs a ratio more in the
range of eight to one."
There are several reasons for sulphur to end up in short
supply. The first is uneven distribution across the field. Vast
differences occur naturally from site to site in many fields. If
you use our normal soil testing method of forming a
composite sample from many cores, the results can fool you.
High tests from one or two cores make it appear that levels are
adequate across the whole field while, in fact, much of the
field may be deficient.
"Sulphur availability is another key issue," says Hockridge
"Normally, plants use this nutrient in the organic form.
Elementary sulphur has to be converted by soil micro-
organisms before it can be used. The rate of conversion
depends on many factors including size of particles, moisture,
temperature and others."
Cont d on page 5
Fanners naturally want to apply the elemental form because it
is cheaper A good strategy is to apply elemental sulphur the
year before seeding canola so it will be available when the crop
needs it. That isn't the only approach though
"It helps to recognize the symptoms of extreme sulphur
deficiency." adds Hockridge "Qipped leaves that are purple on
the back usually indicate a problem Plants are often spindly
and the situation occurs in patches in the field. Even yellowing
of some leaves could be an indication of a less severe
deficiency. If in doubt, take soil and tissue samples from the
areas that appear to be affected and have them analysed."
Sulphur is a mobile element, so you can correct the problem
after the crop is growing. Reversing earlier damage may not be
possible, but farmers who have applied ammonium sulphate
at the bolting stage have seen remarkable effects on the final
y ield. Check strips in theses fields have shown that the most
limiting nutrient does indeed determine the yield.
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403)361-1240
June 29, 1998 -page 5
"One reason is inadequate cleaning of a spraver tank which
means some residue of a herbicide is causing less than
expected growth and vigor in canola." says Zylstra "The
second possibility is that volunteer canola of a different varictv
in the field is dying from the herbicide and giving the
appearance of a suffering field In this situation, some plants
will be dving and others will be perfect!) healthy The third
possibility is that the variety is not as tolerant to drought
conditions when it is spraved with herbicide."
Producers that have this situation occurring in a field are
encouraged to contact the local agrologist to help discover the
reason.
Contact John Zylstra
(403) 835-229/
Fall seeded canola and reduced
tillage
Dormant seeding canola in the fall for early spring
germination is a practice that is attracting more and more
interest. Fall seeding allows the possibility of reducing the
spring workload and moves up the maturity date of the canola
crop
"Fall seeding eliminates spring tillage operations and that
helps conserve moisture for the crop." says John Zylstra.
conservation coordinator. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. Fairview "In areas where growing Rapa(polish)
varieties of canola is common, dormant fall seeding allows the
possibility of growing higher yielding Napus (argentine)
varieties."
Herbicide tolerant v arieties of canola are often used for
dormant fall seeding since they allow a different and usually
more effective approach to weed control However, this spring,
several fields of herbicide tolerant canola have experienced
either reduced vigor or a proportion of dy ing plants after
spraying for weeds. Several reasons could exist for these
problems
June 29, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library ot Canada
Bibliothequenaipnaledu Canada
""TIS'STSM 3784
Landscaping with woody plants in
Alberta
Using woody plants (trees, shrubs and bushes) for landscaping
can be a little intimidating. Knowing how tall a tree will get or
how much spread to allow for a shrub can make the decision
making process easier. Since 1993, the Regional Woody Plant
Test Project (RWPTP) has evaluated new woody plant species
and cultivars in Alberta. The project is a cooperative trial
among Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's
Crop Diversification Centres (CDC) North and South, the
Landscape Alberta Nursery Trades Association Growers Group
and Research Committee and five current and three past
nursery cooperators. For the project, plants are monitored for
landscape quality and hardiness for six years. After this
evaluation period, recommendations are made for each plant
for the various .Alberta climatic regions. Before purchasing
trees or other woody plants, check the RWPTP section on the
Alberta Agriculture Internet site:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/crops/trees/rwptp/main.html
From ash, birch, burning bush, chokecherry and crabapple to
dogwood, elder, hydrangea, larch, Russian olive, walnut and
willow, over 50 species of trees and shrubs are included in the
information on-line. The site features photos of most of the
woody plant species that have been tested. For more
information, contact Shelley Barkley; CDCS, (403) 362-1305.
Water facts
Water., it comes out of the tap or from the well, it runs in the
rivers and sloshes around in abundance in Alberta lakes, and,
for the most part, it's taken for granted. The following are a
few little known water facts:
• the average Canadian uses 286 litres (63 gallons) of water
per day, compared to 200 litres (44 gallons) of water used
per day by people in Sweden and Great Britain and
150 litres (33 gallons) of water used per day by people in
France;
• metered municipal water systems use about 20 per cent
less water than unmetered services;
• a running tap flows at a rate of 4.5 gallons per minute; and.
• a tap that drips one drip per second can waste up to
2,000 gallons of water per year.
Agri-flfewy
JUL
13
July 6, 1998
State-of-the-art cereal research
centre opens in Lacombe
Farmers are the big winners with a new cereal research centre
that was officially opened at the Field Crop Development
Centre in Lacombe on June 23. 1998.
"The James H. Helm Cereal Research Centre will benefit
farmers in several different ways." said Ed Stelmach. Minister
of Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "The
facility makes use of new genetic technologies, reducing the
length of time it takes to develop different cereal varieties.
Right now it can take 10 to IS years to develop a new variety
with conventional plant breeding These technologies can cut
this time by two-thirds, getting the new genetics to farmers
much more quickly."
Minister of Alberta Public Works. Supply and Services,
Stan Woloshyn. presented the official opening plaque to
Dr. Helm. The Chairman of the Alberta Barley Commission.
Brian Kriz. also attended.
"I appreciate all the support we've received over the years
from producers, especially the barley producers." said
Dr. Jim Helm. "We're looking forward to being able to
continue our efforts to improve and develop new cereal
varieties for Alberta."
The Helm Centre was built at a cost of about Si. 6 million,
under a unique cost-sharing agreement between the Alberta
Barlev Commission (ABC). Alberta Agriculture and Public
Works. Supply and Services. The ABC committed funds, up to
$500,000. with the Government of Alberta investing
approximately $1.1 million. Farmers also provide funding to
support the research that will be carried out in the facility.
This state-of-the-art facility uses modern technology to
simulate ideal growing conditions for barley. The building will
house four large growth rooms, two of which are alreadv
complete. Each room is like having a little outdoor field.
Special artificial lighting simulates the high level of light in the
red spectrum during sunrise - light that is important to trigger
pollination and contributes to stronger, more health) plants
CaiU d on page J
This Week
State-of-the-art cereal research centre opens in
Lacombe
1
Food safety line calls hit 7000
2
Spicier mite season
2
Tree seedlings for reforestation
3
Reaping Alberta-grown rewards
3
4-H members prepare for summer leadership at
LTCS '98
4
Distemper in coyotes and wolves
4
1998 Provincial 4-H Dairy Show
4
Influential food trends for 1998
5
Briefs
6
Af£Xi-]V(?WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 V^lbdTQ
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
July 6, 1998 - page 2
There are also planting cabinets, for disease research, that can
produce pathogens to test cereal varieties for disease
resistance. These precision cabinets can simulate winter
growing conditions to minus 20 degrees Celsius - essential to
break the dormancy of the seed.
The effect of this technology will be to literally custom-make
the type of barley seed that a particular customer may require,
whether it's a shorter-straw barley or hulless barley, with better
disease resistance, a shorter growing season, higher protein
content or a combination of these traits.
As well, the research carried out at the Centre could ultimately
result in lower input costs for farmers and possibly even lower
costs for consumers. The quality of the seed developed at the
Helm Centre will further enhance Alberta's competitive
advantage in research and development.
"Plant breeding is, and will be even more so in the future, a
highly technical and sophisticated science," said Mr. Kriz.
"We expect that the life span of new varieties will be
increasingly short and production will be targeted to meet the
specific needs of diverse end-users. Reducing the length of
time it takes to introduce new varieties will be critical in
advancing the grain industry in this province."
Mr. Kriz added that the money invested by the Alberta Barley
Commission and the Government of Alberta will provide
benefits to farmers for many years. "We are proud to be part of
this development and are happy to see it finally come to
fruition," he said.
It is estimated that research over the last 20 years at the
Lacombe Field Crop Development Centre has yielded
economic returns to the Alberta economy of greater than
$100 for every dollar invested.
Contact: Ron Glen Dr. James Helm
(403) 427-2137 (403) 782-4641
Clifton Foste Jan Berkowski
(403) 291-9H1 (403) 422-0326
Food safety line calls hit 7000
During its three years of operation, the Alberta Home
Economics Association (AHEA) Food Safety Info Line has
responded to more than 7,000 consumer questions and
concerns about food safety.
"The volume of calls continues to increase as does the
complexity of the questions," says coordinator Debbie Brekke.
"Call content is logged onto a data base. Just over 15 per cent
are related to processed foods with shelf life and storage being
the greatest concerns."
Almost 14 per cent of total calls are related to vegetables.
Close to half of these were questions dealing with canning,
preserving and freezing. The third largest category of
questions dealt with poultry and the storage and safe approved
methods of handling poultry products.
"In addition to answering the hotline, the Food Safety Info Line
staff have undertaken a major role in consumer food safety
education," says Brekke. "A number of educational resources
have been developed for distribution to consumers and there
is an ongoing media campaign to build awareness of the
service the info line provides."
The Food Safety Info Line, launched by the AHEA in June 1995,
provides Albertans with direct access to accurate food safety
information through a toll free line, the media and Internet.
The info line was recently granted non-profit society status.
The first annual meeting of the AHEA Food Safety Info Society
was held in Calgary on May 30, 1998.
"AHEA designed the info line program to answer questions and
concerns about the food supply from the farm to the table
including agricultural practices, regulatory controls, food
production and processing, residues in food, packaging,
labeling, shelf life, consumer food handling and storage." adds
Brekke.
Food Safety Info Line food safety specialists are located in
Calgary and Edmonton. The line is answered Monday through
Friday from 10:00 a.m. to noon and 1:00 p.m to 4:00 p.m.
During non-business hours, messages can be left on the
answering service.
Contact: Debbie Brekke
(403) 287-0098 or 1-800-892-8333
Spider mite season
Hot dry conditions are ideal for spider mite development.
Spider mites were first observed in high numbers around
Brooks in 1997. They are a concern in alfalfa seed production.
"The mites are barely visible because they are only 0.4 mm
long." says Gordon Frank, crop specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Brooks. "Spider
mites usually occur on the underside of leaves. Lightly infested
leaves will have a stippled appearance and heavily infested
leaves turn completely yellow and dry up. Spider mites
infestation can cause entire plants to die."
Early detection helps reduce damage so it's important to look
for the mites now.
"Spider mites suck juice out of the plant," adds Frank. "Leaves
turn yellow and dry up completely. Mites are a concern
because, once established they seem to persist in an area."
Cont d on page 3
July 6. 1998 - page 3
Control will only be necessary in hot dry years. Products
specifically formulated for mites are registered in other areas
At present. Alberta must rely on general insecticides to
suppress mite populations Cvgon has shown some control hut
is also highly toxic to bees in the field If planning to use this
product, please give advance notice to all beekeepers in the
area.
Contact: Gordon Frank
(403) 362-/2/2
Tree seedlings for reforestation
Alberta greenhouse crops industry is known for vegetables,
flowers and bedding plants. Total acreage under cover is
approximately 200 acres. But the greenhouse industry doesn't
stop there.
"Tree seedlings for reforestation have been grown in AJberta
greenhouses for the past 10 years." says Dr Mohynddin Mirza.
greenhouse crops specialist at Crop Diversification Centre
North. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "At a
recent meeting of the Alberta Forest Nursery Association held
in Medicine Hat. it was reported that close to 100 million
seedlings are being grown in greenhouses for reforestation
projects in Alberta. There is also a possible need for the
industry to grow another 10 to 15 million seedlings in the
1999-2000 season due to the forest fires in the province
May; 1998."
Growing tree seedlings to specific target specifications is a
challenge under dry Alberta conditions. Seedlings are grown
either for July-August delivery for direct planting or for freezer
storage for planting in the next season. Both cropping
schedules require different management practices to set buds
on the seedlings and make them hardy for planting.
"Seedlings for winter storage are seeded in March and they set
buds under natural day light conditions. They are harvested in
late November for freezer storage." says Mirza. "Seedlings for
July-August delivery are seeded in January and hardening is
done in late May or early June when there is plenty of light. To
slow down the growth at that time requires the use of black
out curtains, cooler night temperature, controlled watering
and a careful use of nitrogen."
Reforestation companies have specific requirements and want
spruce seedlings to be dark blue, shiny and waxed and have a
good bud set on them. This type of healthy seedling has the
best chance of surviving in the forest climate and competing
effectively with other plants.
Contact: Mobyuddin Mirza
(403) 4/5-2303
Reaping Alberta-grown rewards
The thought of sowing seed, weeding, watering and watching
small plants grow and produce fruits and vegetables sounds
like heaven to some However, some Albertans would rather
spend a Saturday afternoon picking out produce at the closest
Farmers Market or Market Garden than toiling in their own
garden.
Market gardeners can be found across the entire province
Many producers sell at the farm gate, either pick-your-own or
pre-picked at their farm market," says Lloyd Hausher. fruit
crops specialist at Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's Crop Diversification Centre - South "Many
fresh produce marketers also attend the numerous farmers'
markets in Alberta. The value of fresh, locally grown, qualitv
produce demanded by health conscious consumers has
spurred expansion of this industry."
Over 30 types of vegetables and five types of fruit are on the
market at one time of the year or another Many producers
specialize in one or more crops and grow only certain
vegetables and fruit, others provide a veritable smorgasbord of
Alberta grown produce.
"At farmers' markets and market gardens throughout the
province, locally grown strawberries, broccoli, cauliflower,
lettuce, green onions, peas, radishes and rhubarb can be
found at varying times of the summer." adds Hausher. "Crops
such as saskatoons, raspberries, beans, beets, cabbage,
carrots and summer squash will be coming into their prime
shortly."
Many Alberta farms produce strawberries, and many of these
are the Junebearing type that are ready now Later strawberries
(day-neutrals) produce most of their crop in the fall, usually
producing the heaviest in August and September.
The Alberta Market Gardeners Association distributes an
updated brochure of growers each vear. listing the producers'
farm, directions to the farm, phone number, the type of
produce grown and sales method of each operation. This year,
122 grower-members are listed in the Come to Our Farm
brochure.
The 199X Alberta Farmers ' Markets Guide lists 100
farmers' markets in operation in the province Davs and hours
of operation, addresses and phone numbers and a location
map are included in the brochure.
Copies of Come to Our Farm and the 1998 Alberta Farmers
Markets Guide are available at the Alberta Agriculture
publications office. 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6
Come to Our Farm is also available by calling the Alberta
Market Gardeners Association at 1-800-661-AMGA (2642).
Contact: Lloyd Hausher
(403) 362-1309
July 6, 1998 -page 4
4-H members prepare for
summer leadership at LTCS '98
An enthusiastic group of 4-H Members gathered at the Alberta
4-H Centre in Battle Lake, June 29 to July 3, to participate in
the 1998 Provincial 4-H Leadership Through
Counselling Seminar (LTCS). This year the program was
full, training more than 90 future counsellors in effective
leadership and facilitation.
"4-H members participate in educational sessions on
leadership, self-esteem, problem solving, group skills,
program planning, first aid and understanding youth. They
also take responsibility for planning fun activities at the
program," says Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H programs
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "This gives the delegates foundational
knowledge and practical experience in leadership and
facilitating." Many of the 4-H'ers in attendance were
commissioned to be part of counselling teams at regional
4-H junior summer camps this July and August.
One of the highlights of the program was the LTCS Experience,
a series of group challenges to improve the strength of the
counselling teams. Delegates also took part in mini-Olympics,
a carnival, dance and formal banquet.
The Wetaskiwin Federated Co-op and the .Alberta 4-H Programs
Trust provide sponsorship for this valuable program. With this
continuing support, LTCS has grown more popular each year.
For more information, visit the Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development web site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
Distemper in coyotes and
wolves
Canine distemper was diagnosed in eight wild coyotes and one
wolf in the Calgary area during the January to mid-April 1998
time period. Animals were found dead or were shot by police
or wildlife officers.
"Clinical signs observed in the animals were similar and
consisted of fearlessness, possible blindness and
complacency," says Dr. Mejid Ayroud DVM with the Airdrie
Animal Health Laboratory, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Aggression did not seem to be a clinical feature
of any animal submitted."
The coyotes examined were of mixed sex. The wolf was an
adult female in good body condition. Three juvenile coyotes
and one adult were in poor shape with depletion of body fat
stores, and three adults and one juvenile were in good body
condition.
"The proximity of this outbreak to a large urban centre, and
the resulting citizen observation and cooperation, provided
veterinarians with a unique opportunity to document a disease
affecting wild carnivores and to rule out rabies as a possible
diagnosis by detection early in the course of the disease," adds
Ayroud. "The outbreak of distemper occurred during the
breeding season of coyotes and may have spread by the
increasing tendency of coyotes to roam along with the higher
occurrences of physical contact during that time of year."
Sitings of wild animals displaying uncharacteristic behaviour
or other signs of disease should be reported immediately to
the closest Alberta Animal Health Laboratory or to the local
Environmental Protection, Fish and Wildlife office.
Contact: Dr. Mejid Ayroud
(403) 948-8575
1998 Provincial 4-H Dairy Show
The 52nd annual 4-H Provincial Dairy Show is being held
Wednesday, July 15th and Thursday, July 16th in Red Deer
at the Westerner Grounds. This year's event is made possible
by support from two major sponsors, the Dairy Industry and
the Red Deer Westerner Exposition .Association. In total, more
than 40 organizations and individuals provide support for the
Dairy Show.
"All 4-H dairy members are welcome to compete in project
skill classes such as the dairy Skillathon. clipping competition,
judging contest and dairy showmanship. Also, each club can
enter three animals per age category in the conformation
classes," says Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H agriculture
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "We're expecting to have between 60 and 70
participants involved in the show, or 50 per cent of Alberta
Dairy Club members."
The annual Dairy Show is an excellent opportunity for
members to gain show experience at a provincial level, as well
as knowledge and skills about the dairy industry. Spectators
are more than welcome. Classes will be held on July 15 from
9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. and on July 16 from 9:00 a.m. to
4:30 p.m. at the Red Deer Westerner Grounds.
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4H4II (4444)
email: henry, wiegman (a agric.gov. ab. ca
July 6, 1998 - page 5
Influential food trends for 1998
Business plans, especially in industries such as agriculture
and agri-food, should be based on the most current, relevant
information.
"Keeping up-to-date on the latest consumer trends can make a
huge difference to producers in the intensely competitive food
industry;" says Janice McGregor, rural development specialist -
business, with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Morinville.
Some of the trends Alberta agri-food processors and
businesses should be aware of include:
• fruit popularity is rising - especially wildberries,
tangerine, lime and flavor blends
• the "In' desserts - dessert samplers; rustic sweets; such
as free-form tarts; hot and cold pairings (sorbets and ice
creams with warm cake); flavored custard; upscale ice
cream sandwiches; nostalgic desserts (doughnuts, s'mores
and homemade cotton candy)
• preparation method - high-textured packaging' (phyllo-
wrapping. spice-crusting, panko breading, crisp potato
enrobing), flavor-rubbed' meats
• the breads that make the meals - breadbaskets,
flavored tortilla wrappers, portable bread cones, ethnic
variety breads
• convenience food.s - ethnic soups to -go; wraps,
smoothies, filled bread cones
• red-hot cuisines - Greek Turkish. Moroccan. Persian,
equatorial Asian (Indonesian. Thai. Vietnamese). Cuban,
Brazilian. Med-Rim Fusion and ('lassie Diner (chili, pot
roast, mac n'cheese)
• vegetables in the spotlight beets, butternut squash
pumpkin, wild greens. Yukon gold potatoes, black beans
wild mushrooms
• restaurant themes on the rise Mid l ast ba
Brazilian steakhouse. Sicilian grotto, dinner and dancing,
global markets
A few of the current hot' product descriptors include fresh,
organic, roasted, home-made and crusted' When designing
packaging or advertising, working in a few trendy descriptors
can make a real difference in consumer's initial reaction
"Whether the business is a restaurant, farmers' market,
market garden, agri-food processor or farm-gate operation,
knowing the prevalent trends can help producers make
decisions on what to grow, what to produce and how to
package and advertise a product. " adds McGregor "Alberta
products are in demand throughout the world market It's
important to keep them in the lime-light and on the leading-
edge."
Contact: Janice McGregor
(403) 939-4351
July 6, 1998 -page 6
Agri-News Briefs
Elk Expo
Alberta's elk industry is experiencing considerable growth. The
AJberta Elk Association (AEA) now lists 375 members, more
than triple from four years ago. The industry is gearing up for
the 11th Annual Elk Expo, slated for July 8 and 9, 1998 at the
Red Deer Westerner Exhibition Grounds. The two-day event
includes a show of elk antler velvet and live animals featured
in an elk show and a select auction sale. Organizers expect
about 30 head to be entered in the sale. The Expo features
educational seminars on elk health, management and
marketing. An extensive trade fair of elk products and services
is also offered during the Elk Expo. For further sale
information, contact Brian Burrington (403) 845-6207,
Rocky Mtn. House; for trade show information, contact
Sheldon Foss (403) 556-6551, Olds; for Expo and banquet
information, contact the AEA (403) 388-3324.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
ii in nun in
3 3286 51534 3909
Ins and Outs of Saskatoon
Production
Saskatoon production is a growing industry in Alberta. Many
successful commercial and U-Pick operations owe their
success to good planning and knowledge of this interesting
and versatile fruit. For producers looking to improve their
Saskatoon crop, or for those just getting started in the
business, a new video shows what to look for, w hat to avoid,
and what steps can be taken to ensure a profitable Saskatoon
harvest. The 18-minute-Iong video, Ins and Outs of
Saskatoon Production (#188 VT) is available at the
Publications Office, AJberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. The video can be purchased for $25 plus GST. It
is also available for loan from all AJberta Agriculture district
offices.
CANAJJIANA
July 13, 1998
Safer summer sun
When it comes to sun protection the best advice is wear
protective clothing and augment that with a hat and some
sunscreen.
Wearing protective clothing, long sleeved shirts and hats, is
always recommended when people are working out in the sun
or are exposed to sun." says Eric Jones, farm safety
representative with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Slip, slap and slop are words to work by - slip
on some clothing, slap on a hat and slop on some sunscreen
of at least a sun protection factor of 15 (SPF 15). These are a
few things you can do to minimize sun damage to your skin."
Sun damage to skin is cumulative. Any change in skin colour,
tanning and burning, indicates that your skin has been
damaged by exposure to UVB and UVA rays from the sun.
"It is estimated that in Canada this year 64.000 new cases of
non-melanoma skin cancer will be reported. In Alberta this
year, it is estimated that there will be 160 new cases of
malignant melanoma in men and 140 new cases of malignant
melanoma in women." adds Jones "About 80 per cent of a
person's lifetime exposure to the sun's harmful UV rays occurs
before age 18. so children are especially in need of protection
from the sun."
A wide range of fabrics have been tested for their ability to
block I 'YR and have SPF ratings University of Alberta research
shows that some polyester in fabric provides slightly more
protection than 100 per cent cotton: tightly woven fabrics
increase protection: darker colored fabrics absorb more UVR
and are more protective; heavier fabrics provide higher SPF
ratings; several layers of lightweight fabric increase protection:
and dry fabrics are generally one third more protective than
wet fabrics.
Coal d on page 2
This Week
Safer summer sun
1
Bedding plant industry review
2
Advance forage insurance payments for
dry areas
2
Advance forage insurance payments -
Background information
3
Growing strong with the Alberta greenhouse
industry
3
Late June rain helps farmers
4
Time to think about Christmas Poinsettias
4
Alberta 4-H representative attend Youth
Leadership seminar
4
4'" Annual Provincial 4-H Horse Classic
5
Grain, livestock and soil
5
Briefs
6
ASKl-jVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCTfd
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
July 13, 1998 - page 2
"Alberta's farmers and ranchers should take note of
Environment Canada's daily UV index and, because they are
more likely to be outside during the peak hours of 1 1 a.m. and
4 p.m., dress accordingly. The UV index is often mentioned on
local radio stations as part of their weather forecast," says
Jones. "When the UV index is high (7-9), as often experienced
in'July and August, a wide brimmed hat, long sleeved tightly
woven shirt, pants and a generous application of sunscreen
are definitely called for to prevent skin damage."
Skin cancer can be prevented. Just remember to Slip on the
right clothing, Slap on a wide brimmed hat and Slop on an
SPF 15 sunscreen.
Additional information can be obtained from the Farm Safety
Program of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
your local pharmacist, the Canadian Dermatology Association
or the National Call Centre for the Canadian Cancer Society at
1-888-939-3333.
Contact: Eric Jones
(403) 427-4231
Bedding plant industry review
Bedding plants season has almost come to a close according to
Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crops specialist at the Crop
Diversification Centre North, Edmonton. Most of the growers
contacted described the season as successful with steady sales
from April to June.
"Spring was about two weeks early this year and all the plants
in gardens are flowering early as well," says Mirza. "The
bedding plants industry is constantly changing with new plant
material being introduced from Europe. During the 1998
season, hanging baskets using plants like Bacopa were very
popular items. Many growers could not keep up with the
demand.
An exciting plant for future is going to be Petunia with its new
varieties like New Wave and Purple Wave. In BC, these varieties
are being used for landscaping because of their trailing habits
and dark colors. It can be used in hanging baskets, window
boxes and landscapes. These plants do require fertilizer on a
regular basis while planted in a garden.
"This year in Alberta, most growers were sold out of new
geranium varieties like snow fire very early," says Mirza.
"Consumers seemed to really like its white and pink color
combination. New varieties keep the bedding plant industry
vibrant and dynamic. Stopping by the local greenhouse and
nursery is often an adventure in finding out what's new."
Contact: Mohyuddin Mirza
(403) 415-2303
Advance forage insurance
payments for dry areas
In response to the continuing dry conditions developing in
parts of .Alberta. Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development instructed the Agriculture Financial
Services Corporation to begin the process of advancing
payments on hay and pasture acres insured for 1998. This
marks the first time that such a payment has been made
under the hay and pasture component of crop insurance.
"Nobody has to tell producers how dry it is out there," says
Stelmach. "Some farmers are having to truck in hay from
other parts of the province, or they're having to truck out their
cattle to graze elsewhere in Alberta. We're estimating that
approximately 1 ,000 producers in the dry areas, with forage
insurance, will receive $4 to 5 million in advance funding.'"
Once the crop year is over, insurance adjusters will assess the
total amount of farmers' losses and pay out the balance,
depending on how much coverage producers purchased. Right
now, forage crop conditions are estimated to yield less than
50 per cent of what's considered normal in areas where there
has been no significant amount of rainfall in the past
12 months.
Alberta's farm safety net package, which includes Crop
Insurance, FIDP Disaster Assistance Loans along with the NISA
program, has consistently dealt with similar weather-related
losses.
Producers who chose not to take out forage insurance may be
eligible under the Farm Income Disaster Program (FIDP) for
income losses due to lack of rain for the 1998 tax year. FIDP
triggers a payment when a farmer's net income in a single
year drops more than 30 per cent from the previous three-
year average.
Stelmach also requested a review of affected municipalities to
determine their eligibility for a tax deferral of drought induced
sales of breeding stock. If so, he will make this
recommendation to the federal government.
"I encourage producers who are facing hay and pasture losses
due to dry conditions to get in touch with their local AFSC
office to get more information on the 1998 advance on forage
insurance," adds Stelmach.
Applications will be available in the first part of July.
Contact: Ron Glen Merle Jacobson
(403) 427-2137 (403) 782-8229
July 13, 1998 - page 3
Advance forage insurance
payments - Background
information
Severe drought conditions over the past year have adversely
affected cattle producers, particularly in the Peace River block
and eastern Alberta. Hay and pasture growth has been slow
and well below average. As a result, many cattle producers are
having to buy feed for cattle, pasture their ll)98 hay acres or
relocate cattle herds to other pastures in the province.
Because the current situation is so serious, for the first time,
the Minister of Agriculture. Food and Rural Development
instructed the Agriculture Financial Services Corporation
(AFSC) to make adjustments to its forage insurance claim
payment schedule. Normally, pasture claims are paid in late
October or early November of the same year in which the
claim is made. Because of the drought, and the steps
producers have to take to address the situation, they need
access to funds to help with the additional and unforeseen
costs. AFSC will provide advance funds to forage clients of up
to 50 per cent of coverage (on selected coverage levels). This
advance provides a portion of the client's projected final
indemnity payment.
It is estimated that up to 1.000 producers with forage
insurance could apply for the advance and that the total
amount of money paid out could be between S4 and $5
million. AFSC is taking steps to minimize the risk of
overpayment: however, if some producers are overpaid, they
will be required to repay the overpayment.
Although dry conditions are most prominent in the Peace
River Block and eastern Alberta. AFSC will also consider
applications from the other dry areas in the province.
This payment program only applies to producers who
purchased hay or pasture insurance for the 1998 crop year.
Producers not covered by such insurance may qualify for a
claim under the Farm Income Disaster Program (FIDP)
All producers with questions regarding either program are
encouraged to call their local AFSC office.
Contact: Ron Glen
(403) 427-2137
Growing strong with the Alberta
greenhouse industry
The rush of spring, as flower beds and gardens are planted, it's
easy to see this time of year as the beginning of the
horticultural season. Not so for greenhouse growers.
"Bedding plant greenhouses start their season in February so
that crops will be ready for Albertans to transplant into their
yards in May and June." says Jim Calpas. "Alberta greenhouse
vegetable growers start their crops even earlier, tomatoes and
peppers are seeded in November, cucumbers in December
and January The fruits of this labour start showing up in the
produce department of stores in March, with the imps
producing right through until the following November
Greenhouse crop production is the most intensive form of
crop production known and Alberta has a very strong
greenhouse industry There are 73 hectares (ISO acres) of
greenhouse production in the province contributing over
$63 million to the Alberta economy annually
"Bedding plant production accounts for 62 per cent of the
greenhouse production area in Alberta." says Calpas "Cut
flowers, potted flowers, foliage plants, cucumbers, tomatoes,
peppers and tree seedlings for reforestation, are also major
greenhouse crops in the province."
The greenhouse industry in Alberta is steadily expanding and
the Greenhouse Crops Program at the Crop Diversification
Centre South (CDCS) at Brooks, works to support the
continuing development of this vibrant industry.
"The Greenhouse Crops Program has both extension and
research components that operate to assist the Alberta
Industry" explains Calpas. "The extension service delivers
technical production information to both entrv level and
established growers. The research program operates in about
1.400 square metres (15.000 square feet) of greenhouse space
at CDCS and develops new production techniques, investigates
performance of new greenhouse varieties and generates
information which is specific to Alberta's greenhouse growing
conditions for a variety of crops. The research program goes
hand-in-hand with the extension program by developing the
technical information that is transferred to the growers
The research greenhouses at the Centre are managed just as a
commercial greenhouse would be. Crops are grown at the
same planting density, using the same varieties and growing
techniques as commercial growers. In this way when research
results are published, growers know that the results relate
directly to their own growing systems. The research
greenhouses are also operated to be as environmentally
friendly as possible, there are no pesticides used in the
production of the vegetable crops grown at the Centre
The program at CDCS operates in close cooperation with the
Greenhouse Crops Program at the Crop Diversification Centre
North in Edmonton. Together these programs address the
research and extension concerns of greenhouse growers
throughout the province. The staff of both centres publish a
monthly newsletter for the greenhouse industry called
Greenhouse Coverings This newsletter is available on
Alberta Agriculture's Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca
Contact Jim Calpas
(403) 362-1312
July 13, 1998 - page 4
Late June rains help farmers
During the last week of June, the first widespread rain of the
growing season covered the southern two thirds of Alberta.
Precipitation totals of 50 to 125 mm were reported in southern
and central regions. The north east region reported between
25 and 50 mm. The Peace region remained dry with isolated
showers of 0 to 25 mm.
"Many parts of the province had conditions very different from
what the monthly averages show," says Peter Dzikowski, agri-
weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "During the first three weeks of June a pattern
developed with showers covering most of the southern and
central regions, leaving the northeast, northwest and Peace
regions dry."
The Alberta provincial average precipitation of 98.9 mm was
251 mm above the 1961 to 1990 average of 73.8 mm. All
agricultural regions reported above normal precipitation
except the Peace region. Amounts of 14 to 210.2 mm, or 22 to
277 per cent of normal, were reported. The Peace region and
parts of eastern Alberta were the driest areas in June.
"Medicine Hat reported the greatest precipitation departure
with 155 8 mm or 277 per cent of normal," says Dzikowski.
"About 99 mm of this amount was reported on June 27, the
most precipitation reported for one day at Medicine Hat in the
past 55 years. On the dry side, High Level reported 14 mm of
precipitation in June, only 22 per cent of it's long term
average."
The provincial average June temperature was 0.4 degrees
below the 1961 to 1990 average of 14.4 degrees C. The Peace
region reported above normal monthly average temperatures.
The northeast and northwest regions reported near normal
temperatures while the southern and central regions reported
below normal temperatures.
June temperatures ranged from 3 3 degrees below normal to
1.6 degrees above normal. These averages are based on data
recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate stations across
Alberta.
"Growing degree day totals from April 1 to June 28 were six
weeks ahead of normal in the Peace region, three and a half
weeks ahead in the north east region, two weeks ahead in the
central region, one week ahead in the southern region and
near normal in the northwest region," adds Dzikowski.
"Growing degree day totals are used for comparing the
progress of a growing season to the long-term average and are
useful for estimating crop development stages and maturity
dates."
You can find more details at the Robin' The Web Internet site:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/navigation/sustain/climate/
index.html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
Time to think about Christmas
Poinsettias
By the middle of July, rooted cuttings of poinsettias will start
arriving in Alberta greenhouses so that Albertans can get a nice
quality plant by late November.
"Growing poinsettias is a horticultural challenge because these
plants require special care in terms of temperature and
fertilizer management," says Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza.
greenhouse crops specialist, located at the Crop Diversification
Centre North, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Edmonton. "Warm temperatures can slow down
the development of color in bracts and cooler temperatures
can slow down the growth of plants."
Poinsettias change color starting around the third week of
September when natural day light is getting less than
12 hours. This coloring process can be stopped or slowed if a
yard light is left on or if the greenhouse is too close to other
sources of light like cars.
"Poinsettias also need high amount of nitrogen and
molybdenum," says Mirza. "Alberta growers use a higher
amount of copper as part of the fertilizer program and that
helps with the shelf life of the plant. In November and
December, when it comes time to shop for poinsettias, look
for .Alberta grown poinsettias, they have better quality."
Contact: Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza
(403) 415-2303
Alberta 4-H representatives
attend Youth Leadership
Seminar
Four Alberta 4-H'ers were recently given the unique
opportunity to participate in the annual Provincial Youth
Leadership Retreats held at Blue Lake Adventure Lodge in
Hinton, Alberta. The seminars were held in two sessions over
the summer. The first session took place June 28th to July 3rd,
the second July 5th to 10th. Delegates will also return for a
follow-up seminar in October.
The Alberta 4-H Programs Trust provides sponsorship so that
delegates from the Alberta 4-H program can participate in the
annual seminar. Eran Hawkwood of Cochrane, Janice Laidlaw
of Bow Island, Deanna Vogel of Foremost, and Kindra Wagstaff
of Sedalia were selected to attend the seminar at the Provincial
4-H Selections program in May. These delegates were chosen
from 142 members based on their leadership abilities,
interpersonal skills, community involvement and 4-H
experience.
Cont d on page 5
July 13, 1998 - page 5
"The purpose of the program is to enhance leadership,
communication and self-awareness skills in youth who are
considered leaders in their communities,'' says Marguerite
Stark, provincial 4-H programs specialist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "The program
combines small group learning opportunities and group
challenges to encourage the development of effective and
dynamic leaders " Delegates participated in sessions and
discussions on group dynamics, values, goals and
relationships. There are also many opportunities to participate
in outdoor recreation and fun activities throughout the week.
For more information on 4-H Programs, visit the Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development Internet site at:
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact Marguerite Stark Eran Hawkwood
(403) 948-8510 (403) 932-6186
Janice Laidlatv Deanna Vogel
(403) 545-2740 (403) 867-3709
Kindra Wagstaff
(403) 326-2213
4th Annual Provincial 4-H Horse
Classic
Over 170 4-H members and volunteers will gather at Olds
College July 29 to 31, 1998 for the Provincial 4-H Horse
Classic. Horse Classic, a part of 4-H Project Congress, is an
exciting program that challenges the knowledge and skills of
4-H horse project members.
"Members will participate in team competitions that test their
equine knowledge, communication skills, and marketing
skills." says Henry Wiegman. provincial 4-H agriculture
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "4-H'ers will benefit from knowledge presented
in Industry Clinics, and also learn from one another
throughout the three-day program."
The general public is welcome to come and observe the
displays, demonstrations and marketing presentations put on
by the participants in Horse Classic. Events of interest to
spectators include: Horse Bowl at 3 p.m. and Team and
Individual Demonstrations at 7 p.m Wednesday July 29th,
judging contest at 10 a.m. Thursday. July 30th, and the
Individual Marketing Contest at 8 a.m. Friday, July 31st.
Horse Classic is made possible by generous support from
Lammle's Western Wear and United Farmers of Alberta.
For more information on -t-H Programs, visit the Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development Internet site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca 4h
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-411411 (4444)
Grain, livestock and soil
With the reduction of subsidized freight rates, increased
construction of inland gram terminals (two large terminals
being built at Rvcroft). and the demolition of many older grain
elevators, farmers are investigating alternative grain markets
and alternative income sources. The question is. what affect
will this have on soil quality in Alberta?
"In the past, feed grain was often moved by the train-load to
eastern or western ports." says John Zylsira. soil conservation
coordinator, Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
Fairview "It was sometimes commented that the outcome of
the feed grain in these train-loads was. for every four rail
cars - one ended up as meat and the other three ended up as
manure. So in a sense. Alberta was shipping carloads of
manure down the railway."
This manure is really organic material filled with nutrients
that Alberta soils produced and then lose to soils in other parts
of Canada or the world.
"Manure shipped out of province represents a lost opportunity
in terms of improving Alberta soils." says Zylstra. "Many
Alberta soils could benefit from the additional organic material
that manure contributes. Manure provides a more stable
source of nutrients for plant growth and helps make soils
more drought tolerant."
An increase of livestock production to use the forage and feed
grain produced in the province will not only provide an
alternative income source, but can also provide a benefit to
soil quality in most areas of the province, recycling more
nutrients in the area where they were produced. A well
managed nutrient cycling plan contributes to the financial
viability of agriculture and to the maintenance and
improvement of soil quality.
Contact: John Zylstra
(403)835-2291
July 13, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51534 4022
Precision farming week
Olds College is hosting the first Precision Farming Week on
July 27 to 31, 1998. The week gives producers, machinery
dealership personnel, agronomists, researchers and chemical
applicators a unique opportunity to experience precision
farming tools and techniques at this hands-on summer
conference. The week-long event offers four courses:
• Fundamentals of precision farming
• Farm record keeping and data collection for precision
farming
• Precision farming equipment operation, and
• Decision support systems and crop modelling
There is also a two-day conference and trade show planned for
July 28 and 29- The conference features 16 speakers in three
concurrent sessions emphasizing machinery, profitability,
hardware, software, agronomy, soils and environmental
sustainability. For further information on Precision Farming
Week, contact the Doug Pearce, Dean, Agricultural Mechanics
and College Accessing, Olds College, (403) 556-8284.
Protecting Bees from insect spray
This year in Alberta, there are four insects that could cause
problems for both crop producers and beekeepers - Lygus
bugs, Bertha Army Worms, Grasshoppers and possibly
Cabbage Seed Pod Weevil. These insects are being closely
monitored and if their population levels become
"economically significant" it could lead to wide spread
spraying. Beekeepers are urged to be aware of the potential
dangers and take steps to acquaint themselves with the
situation in their area. Something as simple as talking to area
producers and asking to be advised if spraying is imminent
could make a huge difference. The bees in Alberta apiaries and
beeyards can be protected from the effects of insecticides with
a little cooperation and advance preparation. For further
information, contact Kenn Tuckey, provincial apiculturist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
(403) 422-1789.
Alberta Farmers' Market Week
Ever tried birch syrup on pancakes? How about semusas as
appetizers for next week's party? Goat cheese anyone?
Combine these intriguing taste opportunities with an
abundance of fresh fruits and vegetables, and it adds up to an
Alberta shopping experience without comparison. ..a visit to an
Alberta Farmers' Market. To encourage Albertans to try this
unique shopping experience, markets throughout the province
are planning special events for Alberta Farmers' Market week,
July 19 to 25. Free coffee and a chance to chat... strawberry
festivals. ..quilt shows. ..complimentary cake and continuous
free draws. With this year's early growing season, the best of
Alberta grown vegetables and fruits are available earlier and in
large quantities. Help Farmers' Market vendors celebrate the
bounty of their work with a visit to the local Farmers' Market
during this special week. For a complete listing of the markets
currently operating in the province, contact Simone Demers
Collins, Farmers' Market administrator, (403) 422-1789, or
contact the market manager in the local area. There are also
copies of the .Alberta Farmers' Market brochure, a list of
markets and their hours of operation, available from the
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development publications
office, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Kgvi-News
July 20, 1998
Tall stubble, a practical snow
management tool
Droughts in southeastern Alberta during the 1980 s resulted in
considerable interest in ways to manage stubble to conserve
soil moisture. In the brown soil zone, tall stubble has proven
to be the most practical snow management tool.
A study was initiated in 1993 by the Chinook Applied Research
Association, the M.I), of Acadia, Alberta Agriculture Food and
Rural Development, and Farming for the Future to study crop
and soil responses under three stubble handling methods in a
durum wheat-fallow rotation. The study, at a site south of
Acadia Valley, compared tall stubble from direct combining,
short stubble from swathing and alternate height trap strips
"The alternate height trap strips, made by direct combining
the crop at two different stubble heights showed no advantages
in snow accumulation, soil moisture gain or crop yield." says
Allan Howard, soil moisture specialist. Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development, Lethbridge. "Tall stubble
showed the best combination of snow trapping and soil
moisture conservation. The short stubble, while not as
effective in snow trapping, had overwinter soil moisture gains
that were similar to the tall stubble.
"The short stubble treatments had the cut straw chopped and
blown evenly over the soil surface, creating a mulch that
reduced evaporation. There was no direct effect of the
treatments on crop yield. The results suggest that in the Brown
zone, where snowfall is limited, good residue management
practices, such as direct combining, and well-chopped, evenly
spread straw can be effective moisture conservation tools. Trap
strips may be best used under special conditions, such as
lodging, where stubble must be cut very short."
A new treatment was added in 1996 to examine the effect of
baling and removing straw from short stubble. Preliminarv
results suggest that when the straw mulch is not present, less
moisture is conserved.
"The study is planned to continue at least through the year
2000," adds Howard.
The timing of spring snows and rains, fall moisture contents,
and surface runoff during snowmelt are factors that influence
overwinter soil moisture gains. In this study wet fall soils were
present in two of the four years, and a late spring snow
following ground thaw, happened in another year. These
reduced the differences between the treatments. To fully
assess the treatments, data from several years must be
evaluated.
Contact: Allan Howard (403) 381-5861
This Week
Tall stubble, a practical snow management tool
1
4-H members travel Canada
2
4-H delegates take in Operation Enterprise '98
2
Straw and chaff management critical to direct
seeding success
2
Alberta delegates attend Montana 4-H Congress
4
Farmers have more time to complete paperwork
for FIDP claims
4
Blooming opportunities on the prairies
5
Briefs
6
ASXi-JV&WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCTfQ
^— ' . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinewsia>agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
July 20, 1998 -page 2
4-H members travel Canada
The annual Royal Bank 4-H Interprovincial Exchange launched
in Calgary, July 6 lo 8, 1998. Five excited Alberta 4-Hers were
present to bid farewell to their home province for two weeks,
and five 4-H members from Eastern Canada arrived for a stay
in Alberta.
"Alberta delegates travelled to different provinces in Canada.
Rlieana Flitton of Vulcan went to Manitoba, Cindy Vermeeren
of Scandia went to New Brunswick, Erin Murphy of Bonnyville
travelled to Nova Scotia, Robyn Hayvvard of Calgary was able to
visit Ontario, and Kate Kroetsch of Heisler travelled to Prince
Edward Island," says Marguerite Stark provincial 4-H
programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development.
The Royal Bank of Canada, sponsors of this opportunity for
4-H members to travel Canada, hosted a sendoff banquet for
the delegates on the evening of July 6. 4-H'ers were greeted by
guest speakers from the Royal Bank of Canada, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and a delegate from
last year's exchange. On the morning of July 7, the members
were at the airport to leave for their respective provinces.
Also on July 7, a group of delegates arrived in Calgary from the
eastern provinces to stay with 4-H families in Alberta until
July 20. The visiting 4-H members were treated to the sights of
Calgary and a morning welcome banquet on July 8, also
hosted by the Royal Bank of Canada. The five guests to our
province were: Jeanette Crouse of Nova Scotia, staying with the
Cadiuex family of Lac La Biche; Belinda Gray of New
Brunswick, staying with the Sheehan family of Carstairs; Ian
Richardson of PE L, staying with the Turre family of Halkirk;
Tracy Caswell of Ontario, hosted by the Dear family of
Wetaskiwin and the King family of Manning; and Kim Mozdzen
of Manitoba, staying with the Hawkwood family of Cochrane
and the Kumpula family of Lac La Biche.
"The Royal Bank Interprovincial Exchange is an excellent
opportunity for 4-H'ers to learn about agricultural diversity in
Canada," says Stark. "Delegates also learn about different
customs and lifestyles across provinces while developing
lasting relationships with rural families in other provinces."
4-H'ers participating in the exchange return home on July 20.
For more information on 4-H programs, visit the Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development Internet site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-85/0
Rheana Flitton Robyn Hayward
(403) 897-2/45 (403) 931-2569
Cindy Vermeeren Kate Kroetsch
(403) 362-3852 (403) 889-2226
Erin Murphy
(403) 826-5477
4-H delegates take in Operation
Enterprise '98
Two senior 4-H members from Alberta were given the exciting
opportunity to participate in Operation Enterprise, a
management and leadership development seminar in
Lloydminster, Saskatchewan, July 6 to 13. The seminar allowed
delegates to network with top business executives in
discussions and workshops.
Amanda Cole of New Norway and Erin Smith of Jarvie were
chosen to attend the conference during the Provincial 4-H
Selections Program in May. They were selected from 142
delegates based on their community involvement, leadership
abilities, interpersonal skills and 4-H experience.
The Nelson Lumber Foundation and AEC Pipelines each
provided sponsorship to send Cole and Smith to the seminar.
"Operation Enterprise is a program designed to equip young
adults for the corporate world they will enter in the future.
Discussions are based at a round table where delegates
discuss current issues in business and professionalism with
knowledgeable facilitators," says Marguerite Stark, provincial
4-H programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "The program also focuses on effective
communication skills, responsible leadership and problem
solving. Delegates leave Operation Enterprise with a greater
sense of their own professional development and transferable
skills for the future."
For more information on 4-H Programs, visit the Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development website at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
Amanda Cole Erin Smith
(403) 855-2572 (403) 954-3978
Straw and chaff management
critical to direct seeding
success
For farmers thinking of direct seeding next spring, getting the
system in place right now, before harvest is critical. To ensure
a successful direct seeding system, the first step is straw and
chaff management. This is especially true of the heavy residue
of straw and chaff, conditions often found in the black and
grey wooded soil zones of the prairies. Residue not spread
properly creates seeding problems such as hair pinning with
the disc-type openers, plugging between the sweeps of air-
seeders, weed control problems, as well as, cooler soil
temperatures and delayed crop emergence where piles are left
undisturbed.
Conl d on page 3
"Even and wide distribution of straw and chaff with a spreader
that will work under the very worst conditions one might
encounter is paramount." says Mark Olson, agronomist.
Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative, Leduc. "Most new combines
come equipped with good straw and chaff spreaders or are
easily adapted to after market units. However, when it comes
to older combines, converting to a better spreading system is
usually more difficult ."
The cost, spread width, intended purpose - chaff spreader
only or combination of straw and chaff spreader - and ty pe of
drive, varies between units (a comparison chart that includes
dealerships in western Canada known to the author, follows).
As for the plugging of the shanks, cutting stubble height to the
equivalent, or shorter, compared to the shank spacing of your
seeding tool will all but eliminate the problem.
July 20, 1998 -page 3
"Crop rotation is another important management tool in
dealing with heavy residues." savs Olson Avoiding planting
high residue crops back to back has been quite effective
Alternating low residue crops like canola and field peas with
the cereals, and working forages into the rotation can help In
rotations where heavy residue crops are back to back,
removing the straw through baling periodically probablv isn't
that detrimental to the soil quality especially if it's returned
back to the field in the form of manure Last, the use of semi-
dwarf varieties has helped eliminate difficult residue
situations."
Farmers thinking of switching to direct seeding must do their
homework. Chaff and straw management is just one piece of
the puzzle. For more information call the closest Alberta
Reduced Tillage Initiative agronomist.
Contact: Mark Olson (403) 980-4898
Cost f.o.b.
Brand name location
Cost
Width of spread
Warranty
Comments
Kirby
Dutch Industries Filo
Butte, SK
(306) 7814820
$2094 plus GST
40' to 50'
depending whether
spreading just
chaff or both and
straw moisture
conditions.
1 year
Primarily for chaff spreading but cone
adapter can be fitted for straw spreading.
Plumb into hydraulics of pickup. Won't fit
Gleaner combines without major
modifications. Sales not sure of horsepower
requirements.
Redekop
Saskatoon, SK
(306) 931-6664
$4800 plus GST
35' to 40' varying
with straw
moisture
conditions.
1 year
on rotor
blades
Spreads both chaff and straw. Easily
adapted to new models of Case III. New
Holland TR96-98 series. Massey. Gleaner
and John Deere. Will not fit older Massey
combines like 760 or 860 models. Require
25 to 35 horsepower.
Spreadmaster
Stewart Steel Inc.
Weyburn. Sk
(306) 8424411
$1150 plus GST
30' varving with
straw moisture
conditions.
None
Primarily a chaff spreader. Made for Case
III combines exclusively Belt driven.
Horsepower requirement is 1.
Hurricane
Kayline Rep Sales
Saskatoon, Sk
(306) 934-0884
$1650 plus GST.
Belt driven units
are 25 % less.
30' varying with
straw moisture
conditions.
1 year
Primarily a chaff spreader. Mavbe belt or
hydraulic driven. Suggest a separate
hydraulic pump and reservoir unit for
Massey 760 or 860.
Rodono Rotor
Rodono Industries
Clive, AB
(403) 784-3864
$1800 plus GST
30' varying with
straw moisture
conditions.
2 year
Primarily a chaff spreader. Rotor replaces
drum. Belt driven so horsepower
requirements are about the same.
■ prices are based on outfitting a Massey 760 or 860 model and may increase or decrease depending on the model of combine and adaptability of unit
■ prices are as of June 15. 1998
July 20, 1998 -page 4
Alberta delegates attend
Montana 4-H Congress
Four Alberta 4-H members departed for Bozeman, Montana
on July 3, 1998 to attend the annual Montana State 4-H
Congress. Curtis Burger of Stony Plain, Carol Luca of
Foremost, Trisha Lyster of Mayerthorpe and Quinn Wagstaff of
Sedalia were selected to be guests at the congress during the
Provincial 4-H Selections program in May. These delegates
were chosen from 142 members based on their leadership
abilities, interpersonal skills, community involvement and 4-H
experience. Mary Remple of Lethbridge and Lynne Lyster of
Mayerthorpe acted as chaperones on the trip.
"The members and their chaperones attended the Montana
4-H State Congress on July 7lh to 10th," says Marguerite Stark,
provincial 4-H programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "At the congress they observed
contest clinics, livestock judging, public speaking, and
demonstrations. Events such as Agriculture Olympics,
barbeques, World Games and dances facilitated a fun
environment in which to explore the Montana 4-H experience.
The Congress is a unique opportunity for delegates to network
with a greater diversity of 4-H members and leaders. Delegates
are able to gain new perspective on 4-H projects and programs
when they experience them outside of a Canadian context."
The Alberta 4-H Programs Trust provided sponsorship to make
this award trip possible.
The Alberta delegation had many exciting experiences while en
route to and from Bozeman. Chaperones and delegates took
advantage of opportunities to see tourist sites, enjoy a
Whitewater rafting trip and tour historical and landscape sites
such as Cameron Falls, Lewis and Clark Caverns and the Old
Montana Prison. The members and chaperones stopped in
Nevada City to see various tourist sites, including a live theatre
presentation, before returning to their Alberta homes on
July 13, 1998.
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
Farmers have more time to
complete paperwork for FIDP
claims
Farmers have until this fall to supply supporting information
for any claims under the Farm Income Disaster Program
(FIDP).
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Ed
Stelmach says the Government recognizes that this is a busy
time of year for farmers. "The detailed information required
for a claim under FIDP is necessary, but we understand that
some farmers find the process time-consuming. We've
streamlined the process as much as possible, and made it
fairer for all farmers applying for a FIDP claim."
Alberta farmers applying to make a claim for the 1997 tax year
must still submit the completed first page of the FIDP
application form with the basic information, such as name
and land location. This first page of the application, along with
the $50 application fee, must be post-marked by the
July 31- 1998 deadline. However, they now have until
September 30. 1998, to provide the rest of their supporting
information to the Agriculture Financial Services Corporation
(AFSC).
If farmers choose not to send in the rest of their application
before September 30, their cheque will not be cashed.
The Farm Income Disaster Program is a voluntary, whole-farm
safety net program that works with crop insurance to protect
farmers against severe and uncontrollable reductions in farm
income. Farmers can apply if their margin (the difference
between agricultural income and eligible expenses) drops
more than 30 per cent in any one year, compared with their
previous three-year average.
FIDP was first introduced for the 1995 tax year. The program
has recently been extended another year beyond the three-year
pilot period, making it available to Alberta farmers for the
1997 and 1998 tax years. Early FIDP claims received to date for
the 1997 tax year are up over the same period last year. Most
applications are coming from the Peace Country, where
farmers have faced two successive years of extremely wet
conditions. This trend is similar to last year, when FIDP paid
over $13 million to farmers in the Fairview region, the area
with the highest percentage of claims in that year.
For the 1996 claim year, FIDP helped 3,628 farmers, paying a
total of $57.4 million, or an average of $15,825 per applicant.
FIDP application forms are available through all AFSC offices.
For more information, or an application form, farmers can
call 1- 800-851-5070.
Contact: Ron Glen Dave Schurman
(403) 427-2/37 (403) 782-8330
Blooming opportunities on the
prairies *
Alternative crops, including herbs, spices, flowers and
decorative grasses, are making their presence known in the
market place. These novel crops have just started being viewed
as crops that can be raised for commercial profit. Familiarity
with the demand for the different crops is the difficult part of
making decisions on what and how much to plant.
"This year, pussy willows were in great demand," says Katie
Benschop. owner and operator of Blooming Prairie,
Edmonton. "The business turned over almost twice as many
pussy willows as last year and ran out of stock every few days.
It was reported that in New York City, pussy willows were selling
for $70 U.S. a bundle."
Some of the crops being grown to supply an increasing
demand include millet, durum, oats, poppies, flax and
numerous varieties of flowers. The dried flower business is
very good in Alberta with quite a few growers and lots of
customers.
"One of the next steps in the ornamental grasses and flower
industry involves value-added processing, such as glycerine
treatments and dyeing." says Benschop. "There is a very-
strong interest in herbs, too. St. John's Wort is being planted
from Lethbridge to Grande Prairie and many growers are
trying Echinacea. The demand for dried culinary herbs is also
growing and there is room for many more growers in this
market."
Fresh herbs are also under-produced in the province and new
growers on a medium scale would likely find a willing and
eager market supplying local restaurant and grocery trade.
Larger volume growers usually concentrate on the dried herb
market.
A big area of interest is the production of seeds of Alberta
native wild flowers, grasses and woody plants for reclamation
and horticultural uses. Municipal and industrial plantings
make up a large part of this market. Wild collected seed isn't a
sustainable practice and there is a need to devote some
farmland into production of these specialty seeds. The market
for non-native seeds of all ty pes is also underdeveloped in
Alberta and is another area growers could consider.
Production of fresh flowers for the summer market isn't
keeping up with demand this year, either. Supply is very low
and that means there's room for new growers of field grown
fresh cuts for the Edmonton and Alberta market.
July 20. 1998 -page 5
"Research and development for these new alternative crops is
one of the areas of focus at the Crop Diversification Centres
North and South (CDCN and CDCS)," says Dr Stan Blade,
special crops agronomist, new crop development branch.
CDCN, Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development "The
market for these new crops fluctuates greatlv and many
growers find it difficult to match the demand to what the) have
growing Alberta's special crop growers need to develop all the
skills and the infrastructure for production, processing,
handling and marketing It is something that will take time, a
little trial and error and success, but growing herb, spice,
essential oil. decorative grasses and flower crops can be a
profitable venture "
To answer some of this need for information, workshops and
seminars have been held throughout the province and others
are planned.
• a special crops field day and tour is scheduled at the CDCN.
Edmonton, on July 30 (contact - (403) 422-1789)
• the .Alberta Pulse Growers Commission is holding a Zone 3
tour on July 23 that will stop at the New Pulse and Special
Crops plot at Namao (contact - (403) 674-8213)
• the Barrhead Agriculture Service Board Tour is planned for
August 6 and will be stopping at APGC-Zone 3 Pulse &
Special Crops plot at Barrhead (contact - (403) 674-3330
For further dates and information on special crops tours and
seminars, check the Coming Events listing on the Alberta
Agriculture Internet site: http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/event/
A list of events and additional information are also available on
the Blooming Prairie website: http: Www.grower.com
Contact. Dr. Stan Blade Katie Benschop
(403) 422-1789 (403) 431-1451
bloomingUi oanet. com
July 20, 1998 -page 6
Agri-News Briefs
BiWiolheque natipnaie ou o
3 3286 51535 0292
Alberta Hemp Symposia
Proceedings
Proceedings from the recent Hemp Symposia, held in Red
Deer and Edmonton, are now available. The symposia covered
a multitude of topics relating to the growth, varieties, viability
and opportunities in hemp production. Transcripts of
presentations on the manufacturing of hemp panel prototypes,
indigo print and paperworks, the market for hemp oil and
developing agri-fibre industries in Canada are all included. The
proceedings also feature the presentations by Earth Cellulose
Building Materials, CanHemp Corporation and the True North
Hemp Company. Fibre hemp research plots have been grown
in various parts of Alberta since 1995. These test plots are
helping Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development
specialists evaluate the potential of this crop for both seed and
fibre production and help determine which of the low-THC
fibre hemp varieties are best suited to Alberta's climate and
soil conditions. Research results of all western Canadian field
data are also included in the publication. Copies of Alberta
Hemp Symposia Proceeding can be purchased for
$10 plus GST from the Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street,
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, by calling 1-800-292-5697
(please add $2 plus GST for shipping and handling of phone-in
orders).
Lethbridge Research Centre
expanding bean research
Additional funding from Alberta Pool's Bean Business Unit will
help the Lethbridge Research Centre pursue several projects
that will benefit Alberta bean producers. With the funding from
Alberta Pool ($250,000) and grants from Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada's Matching Investment Initiative program,
the bean program is expected to release at least one new
variety each year over the five-year agreement. For Alberta,
early-maturing, upright varieties are needed along with
improved market characteristics such as bright, shiny colored
seed coats. These are just two characteristics identified for
research under the agreement. Two new dry bean lines, an
early maturing small red and a high-yielding large-seeded
pink, received support for registration this year and an
improved pinto variety is expected next year. For further
information, contact Ron McMullin at the Lethbridge Research
Centre (403) 327-4561.
SPCA's 1998 Farmer of the Year
The Alberta SPCA is now inviting nominations for the 1998
Farmer of the Year Award. The award is presented annually to
a successful farmer whose husbandry methods take into
account both the physical and psychological well-being of his
or her animals. This may be demonstrated by a modified
intensive housing system to better suit the animals or by the
use of alternatives to intensive systems. The deadline for
nominations is September 11, 1998. The 1998 awards will be
presented on October 17. Nomination forms are available by
contacting the Alberta SPCA Annual Awards,
10806 - 124 Street, Edmonton, AB T5M 0H3 or by phoning
(403) 447-3600.
i
JUL 27
July 27, 1998
Agri-business development
certificate program
An Agri-Business Development Certificate program is being
offered this fall for business advisors in conjunction with the
Centre for New Venture Development, Faculty of Management.
University of Calgary. This program is sponsored by Royal Bank
of Canada. Meyers-Norris-Penny and Canada Alberta Farm
Business Management Program.
"The program is designed to guide participants through a
comprehensive, business development and technology
commercialization process, centred on real-life projects the
students bring with them," says Doug Barlund, Business
Development Advisor with Alberta Agriculture. Food & Rural
Development. "Topics presented will include searching and
screening ideas, assessing feasibility, securing resources,
operational strategies, production and control, legal issues and
growth."
This learning process, offered at the University of Calgary,
includes six days of in-class work, plus work on a major
project during the intervals between class days. The program
emphasizes the importance of on-going professor-student
contact throughout the whole process via fax, telephone and
e-mail, particularly in the intervals between in-class sessions.
The goal of the course is for participants to work through the
process using a case study or business development project,
resulting in a completed business plan at the end of the
program. Participants have the opportunity to present their
final plan to a business review panel for critiquing.
"The real advantage is that participants get an appreciation of
what it's like to be an entrepreneur going through the process
and selling their idea to bankers or investors." adds Barlund.
"This program is open to anyone involved in business
development, but particularly those who are providing advisory
services to emerging entrepreneurs and small business
enterprises. "The first in-class, learning module begins
October 21 to 23, 1998. with subsequent module on
December 3 and 4, 1998 and concluding February 19. 1999
This program is financially supported by FBMP Royal Bank,
Meyers Norris Penny and Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. Registration cost is $500.00 per person.
Accommodation, travel and meals are extra.
Contact: Janice Atwood
(403) 220-7877
wlong((i acs. ucalgary. ca.
Doug Barlund
(403) 556-4245
barlund (3 agric.goi s ab. ca
This Week
Agri-business de velopment certifica te program 1
New resource from Home Study 2
ATB provincial 4-H judging competition 2
Milk does a body good - in more ways than one 2
Agriculture disaster management web page 3
Shell & 4-H help teens learn about themselves and
the environment 3
Briefs
ASTi"JVGWS Publishing Branch. Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
July 27, 1998 -page 2
New resource from Home Study
An all new Animal Health for Cattle is the latest home
study release. While it is not a do-it-yourself veterinary
manual, it helps producers understand the principles of
disease and how to work with a veterinarian to prevent disease
and establish a preventative health management program.
"People who have used the resource in the past have said that
they were better prepared for calving and typical cow diseases
and felt more confident in making decisions," says Faye
Douglas Phillips, manager, instructional design unit,
agricultural education and community services, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
Animal Health for Cattle is designed to help producers:
• recognize signs of disease in the various body systems
• prevent disease in a breeding herd
• provide basic nursing care to sick animals
• use prevention techniques, such as: depopulation,
disinfection, fumigation, pest control
• implement a feedlot herd health program
• recognize signs of disease in the different classes of cattle
"The course provides practical guidelines on how to recognize
animal disease and appropriate first aid and emergency care
skills to use before you call a veterinarian," adds Douglas
Phillips.
The first five chapters cover the principles of disease and
poison prevention in all livestock.
Topics covered include:
• diagnosis and treatment principles
• prevention techniques
• monitoring health and productivity
• animal welfare issues
• food safety practices
The last four chapters cover reproductive diseases of cattle and
the diseases related to breeding cattle, calves and feedlot.
Animal Health for Cattle costs $45 plus GST ($48.15).
Canadian orders from outside Alberta require an additional
$2 (plus GST) handling fee and U.S. orders a $5 fee. All other
countries add a $20 handling fee per course.
To order, write the Home Study Program, #201, 7000-113
Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6 and make cheques payable
to the Provincial Treasurer or order using your Visa or
MasterCard by calling either (403) 427-2171 or leaving a
message on the 24 hour service order phone (403) 427-2404.
For more information on the home study program, check the
web site at http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca
Application forms and information for this and other home
study courses are also available from Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development offices or by calling the home study
program at (403) 427-2171. Government numbers are toll
free by first dialing 310-0000.
Contact: Faye Douglas Phillips
(403) 427-2171
ATB provincial 4-H judging
competition
Alberta Treasury Branches (ATB) is once again providing
exclusive sponsorship for the Provincial 4-H Judging
Competition, August 7 to 9, 1998. This livestock judging
competition will be held at Olds College, in conjunction with
the Olds Agriculture Society Mountain View Country Fair.
"The top 4-H judges from across Alberta will be competing in
14 classes that test their ability to judge livestock, do written
and oral reasons, present reasons from a microphone and
answer recall questions," says Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H
agriculture specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Members will also participate in instructional
clinics on judging swine, horses, dairy, sheep and beef."
Representation comes from each of the seven 4-H regions in
Alberta, totalling an expected 80 4-H competitors and
15 volunteers. Each region sends a designated number of
members, selected at local judging competitions. The top
17 judges at the provincial competition will have the
opportunity to represent Alberta at national and international
competitions throughout next year.
"A four-member team will attend the Northern International
Livestock International 4-H Judging Seminar, November 20 to
24, at Agribition '98 in Regina," adds Wiegman. "At this
seminar, four members will be named the Denver Western
4-H Roundup Judging Team and will travel to Denver in
January of 1999- One of the 4-H judges will be named Denver
Western Stock Show Collegiate 4-H Delegate and will also travel
to Denver in January 1999 "
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
Milk does a body good - in
more ways than one
It's slightly mind-boggling, but if researchers are correct, milk
may soon prove to be of greater importance to humans than
was previously thought.
With funding from the Alberta Agricultural Research Institute
(AARI) and Beatrice Foods, Dr. Lech Ozimek, on behalf of the
Alberta Dairy Association Research Unit at the University of
Alberta's Department of Food. Science and Nutrition, recently
completed a project looking into the development of novel
value-added products from milk for pharmaceutical and food
sectors.
Cow s-milk consists chiefly of water, fat. carbohydrate, protein
and minerals The protein fraction in particular is responsible
for many of the functional characteristics used in the
manufacture of dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, sour
cream and buttermilk The composition and relative
proportions of the various components of the protein fraction
give bovine milk its unique physiochemical, biochemical and
nutritional properties.
"Through manipulation of environmental and physical
parameters such as pH. temperature and mechanical stress
that protein performance can be altered, allowing the product
to be used for different things," says Dr. Ozimek.
While Dr. Ozimek's work proves that the proteins can be
separated and extracted, the speed and efficiency with which
these processes are performed must be improved. As a result,
he is currently working on the design and development of
novel, high added value, low volume nutraceutical products for
pharmaceutical and food uses derived from milk
One thing is certain: milk will continue to be a valuable
commodity in Alberta - and abroad.
Contact: Dr. Lech Ozimek
(403) 492-2665
Agricultural disaster
management web page
The first in a series of disaster management web pages can
now be accessed on Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's Internet site. The series helps farmers
anticipate, prepare for and reduce the impact of potential
agricultural disasters. The drought page provides information
to help farmers better protect their operations in the event of
dry conditions. As government will not compensate individuals
for insurable losses, it's important that producers be aware of
all available tools to help manage their own risk.
"The website emphasizes preparedness, and includes
information which farmers can use to make plans and adjust
practices in order to minimize their own operational risks. "
says Laurel Aitken. program development specialist with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "For
instance, the drought page includes a checklist of managerial
practices such as preserving soil moisture through reduced
tillage, crop insurance. FIDP considerations, crop choices, and
much more. The checklist provides a step-by-step decision
making process over the course of a dry year and features
links to more detailed information about risk management
July 27, 1998 -page 3
options available to the producer There are also links to a
variety of articles and other sites dedicated to drought.''
Producers can find the drought page and general disaster
information at:
http:/ www.agric.gov.ab.ca. navigation sustain agdiMStCT
A number of other disaster pages are being developed,
including fire, tornados, toxic spills and other events that
could affect a farming operation Look for a flood page later
this year.
Contacts: Laurel Aitken
(403) 427-3012
e-mail: laurel, aitkeniii agric.gov. abca
Shane Chetner
(403) 427-36/5
e-mail: shane. chetner(a agric.gov ab. ca
Shell & 4-H help teens learn
about themselves and the
environment
The Alberta 4-H program welcomes Shell Canada Limited as a
sponsor of the Provincial 4-H Program. People Developing
People (PDP). Over 200 members at this year's program will
participate in Shell Canada Environmental Day, a set of
sessions and activities that focuses on conservation and
environmental management.
"Vie are very excited that we can offer a very well-rounded
program this year, including a new environmental focus," says
Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H programs specialist with
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "We're also
adding a third week of the program to accommodate more
members."
"At Shell, we believe doing is the best part of learning." savs
Catherine Kroll. Shell Canada Limited community affairs
representative. "We are delighted to work with Alberta 4-H to
help their members learn more about the environment and
discover how they can make a positive impact on the
environment."
PDP is a personal development program for 4-H members
13 to 15 years of age. With support form Shell Canada.
Lammle's Western Wear and Alberta Pool, 4-H'ers have the
opportunity to increase self-awareness and individual growth
in a fun and challenging environment.
For more information, visit the Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development website at:
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca ruraldev 4h index 1 html
Contact: Marguerite Stark Catherine Kroll
(403) 948-8510 (403) 691-2082
July 27, 1998 -page 4
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51535 1027
1 998 Alberta Horticultural Congress
The 1998 Alberta Horticultural Congress and Prairie West
Trade Show is being held at the Mayfield Inn and Suites,
Edmonton, November 12 to 14, 1998. This event is organized
for professional growers in the landscape, market gardening,
greenhouse, fruit growers, and flowers and herb industries.
Last year, at the 10lh anniversary of this combined event,
600 registrants attended the technical sessions and a total of
1500 people visited the trade show. This year's conference
features keynote speaker Jeff Mowatt. Mowatt's presentation is
titled How to Manage Multiple Priorities. He addresses how
to turn chaos into order and how to stop being so busy and
become amazingly productive. For further information or to be
added to the mailing list, contact Shirley Alton, Congress
coordinator, (403) 415-2324.
Fat isn't a bad word
Nutrition scientists say that eating too much fat isn't healthy.
But, scientists also say people shouldn't take this to the
extreme of being "fat-phobic". It isn't healthy to eliminate all
fats or foods that are naturally high in fat, they should just be
eaten in moderation. Some fat is important in any healthy diet
because it provides energy, essential fatty acids and the fat
soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Eating a variety of foods also
applies to different types of fat in a diet. Some foods are
naturally high in fat. For example, dairy products and some
meats contain a fat called CLA (conjugated linoleic acid).
Studies show that CLA reduced cases of stomach, breast and
colon cancers. Dairy products have different amount of fat to
suit different tastes and different nutrient needs. All milk
products offer energy and 15 essential vitamins and minerals
including calcium. Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating
suggests adults have two to four servings of milk products each
day; and it's recommended that adolescents and growing
children have four servings each day. For further information,
contact the Alberta Milk Producers (403) 453-5942 in
Edmonton or toll free at 1-800-252-7530.
Manure management research for
environmental sustainability
Research to evaluate different types and loading rates of
manure to black chernozemic soils is being conducted at three
locations in Alberta. Guided tours are being offered of the sites
during the second week of August, 1998. Dates and locations
of the tours are:
Edmonton Research Station (UofX)
August 11 1:00 -4:00 p.m.
Four types of manure applied, each at four annual spring
application rates. Manure sources include dairy, poultry,
swine solid and swine liquid. Application rates of 0, 20, 40,
and 60 t/lia wet weight will test the revised Code of Practice
(1998), nitrogen and phosphorous loading rates.
Pioneer Study Site (Uo£\)
August 1 1 4:00 - 5:00 p.m.
Flexible site to accommodate emerging needs for
preliminary assessments of feasible mixed manure
treatments. Phosphogypsum sub-treatments were applied
to the experiment to evaluate the potential desalinization
effects of manure.
Moore's Feedlot Research Site (Harmattan)
August 12 12:00 -4:00 p.m.
Research on mixtures of beef manure and wood by-product
mixtures. Four types of manure ranging from calf to
finishing with variations of wood by-product contents as
well as one treatment of bark and sawdust. The manure
application rates tested are 0, 20, 40, 60 t/ha wet weight to
test the revised Code of Practice (1998) arranged in a
randomized block design.
At all three test sites, the soils, vegetation and surface water
will be investigated. To register, or for more information,
contact Lynette Esak or Michelle Cabalt, Can-Ag Enterprises
Ltd., (403) 434-0400, Edmonton.
Agri -News
AUG
August 3, 1998
4-H'ers take Agriculture
Development Tour to NWT
Twenty-four 4-H members had the opportunity to participate
in the 4-H Alberta 'Northwest Territories Agriculture
Development Tour, July 14 to 23, 1998.
"The tour is an excellent opportunity for Alberta 4-H'ers to
learn about agricultural diversity in the Northwest Territories
and Alberta," says Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H programs
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Members make connections with the
agriculture industry and network with 4-H members from the
Northwest Territories, a great way to learn about different parts
of Canada."
Vanessa Belair of Fort Saskatchewan. Adam Boe of Mannville.
Clinton Conway of Innisfree, Bill Davis of Valleyview, Amanda
Earl of Crossfield, Lisa Eshpeter of Daysland. Kevin Fletcher of
Airdrie, Murray Greilach of Barrhead, Kierstin Heiberg of
Kingman. Amber Howard of Vermilion, Erin Krause of
Vermilion. Lee-Ann Lohr of Stettler, Amy McLenaghan of
Barrhead. Quinn Murphy of Altario, Todd Murphy of Altario,
Wes Nail of Carstairs, Joanne Nolte of Morinville, David Ogden
of Bezanson, Natisha Parker of Three Hills, Kevin Pederson of
Barrhead, Nichole Rude of Sedalia. Micheal Tiltgen of Bowden,
Melissa Turre of Halkirk, and Tyler Walton of Hanna were
chosen to participate in the tour at the 1998 Provincial 4-H
Selections program in May. Delegates were selected based on
their leadership and interpersonal skills, community and
4-H involvement.
"The twenty-four participants and adult chaperones camped
en route to Yellowknife, visiting various agricultural processing
and production facilities," adds Stark. "Some of their
educational experiences included visiting market gardens, an
experimental farm, a honey farm and plant, forage producers,
forestry areas, and learned about transportation and fishing.
The group visited Twin Falls, Hay River, Fort Vermilion and
other sites while on the trip, taking in various tourist
attractions and events."
The 4-H Alberta. Northwest Territories Agriculture
Development Tour is sponsored by the Alberta Treasury
Branches and the Alberta 4-H Programs Trust.
Contact: Marguerite Stark Wendy Boge (cbaperone)
(403) 948-8510 (403) 422-2906
This Week
4-H'ers take Agriculture Development
Tour to NWT " 1
County of Barrhead conservation plan complete 2
Outstanding local showmanship at provincial 4-H
Beef Heifer Show 2
52nd annual provincial 4-H Dairy Show a huge
success 4
Keeping lawns healthy in summer 5
Briefs 6
AffXl'JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861 ^IbdtG
. AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agnnews(g)agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
August 3, 1998 -page 2
County of Barrhead
conservation plan complete
A few years ago the County of Barrhead became began
developing a conservation plan. It was decided to adapt/adopt
a similar process as the County of Stealer used for its
conservation plan. With this goal set, Leon Marciak of
Conservation and Development Branch, Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development was approached to help with the
process. Through the hard work and cooperation of many
people and agencies, the plan is now complete.
"Conservation planning at the municipal level is an effective
way to integrate social, economic and physical aspects of land
management because municipalities are responsible for the
well-being of the population and natural resources," says
Marciak.
The issue of sustainable land management is becoming
increasingly complex, involving factors such as: compatibility
between land uses; local job opportunities; preservation of
wildlife habitat; scenic qualities and historic sites;
enhancement of recreation and tourism activities; control and
abatement of pollution; property rights; trends in public
ownership; and, provincial and federal regulations. The
municipal conservation planning process can help local
government to evaluate and integrate these broad areas of
concern and to select the best options.
"The County of Barrhead's plan has three main components,"
says Tara Donald, regional conservation technologist with
Alberta Agriculture. "First, it provides a user-friendly inventory
of the soil, water and wildlife resources in a county, outlining
the effects of land use on these resources. This information is
essential as a base for developing appropriate policy and
program directions in resource management.
"Next, the plan identifies conservation issues in a county. The
issues are determined through formal data collection and local
experience. This provides a strong foundation for the
development of specific, locally supported conservation
activities.
"Finally, the plan outlines objectives and recommendations to
address the high priority issues. This provides a framework for
a county to develop specific projects and set budgets and time
lines."
Recommended actions resulting from a county conservation
plan are best undertaken as cooperative efforts, supported and
implemented through programs and projects of the three
levels of government, non-government agencies, industry and
producer groups. The plan provides a guide for county
activities under such programs as the Alberta Environmentally
Sustainable Agriculture (AESA) program.
"The plan provides a strategic framework for a continuing
process toward sustainable land management," adds Donald.
"It represents the best available knowledge and information at
the time of writing the plan. The plan can also be used as a
reference for information on land resources, programming
planning and agricultural production."
The agencies involved with the development of the County of
Barrhead's plan include: Alberta Agriculture's conservation
and development branch and public lands division, Prairie
Farm Rehabilitation Association, Alberta Environmental
Protection, Barrhead Economic Development, and the County
of Barrhead Agriculture Service Board.
Contact: Leon Marciak Tara Donald
(403) 427-3689 (403) 674-8255
Marilyn Flock - County of Barrhead
(403) 674-3331
Outstanding local
showmanship at provincial 4-H
Beef Heifer Show
The Bashaw Agricultural Society Grounds came alive from July
12 to 14, 1998. The focus of all the excitement was 300 4-H
members and over 410 cattle competing for top honours at
the Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer Show. Enrollment in this annual
program was up by 15 per cent from last year, showing its
popularity among 4-H members and leaders. As in previous
years, the animals and showmen demonstrated outstanding
quality across all classes and categories.
Seventy-eight 4-H clubs were represented, that's almost 45 per
cent of all beef clubs in Alberta. Local 4-H'ers were involved in
many competitions and events throughout the show.
"Events at the Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer Show focus on more
than quality of livestock, they are diverse in nature, rewarding
members for demonstrating exemplary knowledge, skill and
attitudes," explains Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H agriculture
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Competitors work as individuals, pairs and
teams throughout the three-day competition. A herdsmanship
award is also given to the 4-H club showing the most
sportsmanship, neatness and consideration for the safety of
others. This year, honours in the Herdsmanship Competition
went to St. Paul 4-H Multi Club."
The Team Grooming Competition launched the show on
Sunday afternoon. Brady Gardner and Tyson Gardner of the
Eagle 4-H Beef club took first place in the junior category,
Cody Boulton and Robyn Mader of the Calgary Region claimed
the intermediate title, and Erin Chromik and Bryce Sutter of
the Flagstaff district placed first in the senior competition.
These members were presented with their awards by Chad
Ross, business unit manager, western Canada for American
Breeders Service, Patron of the Day.
Cont d on page 3
Also on Sunday, teams of four demonstrated their knowledge
of cattle anatomy and care In the Beef Bowl competitions. The
winning team in the junior category consisted ofAlisha
Armstrong, Bassano 4-H Beef; Kayleigh Gulseth, Calmar
"Heart of the Country" 4-H; Kyle Lawrence, Chipman 4-H Beef
Club and Crystal Young, Lin-Berry-Buck 4-H Beef. The
successful intermediate team was Susan Leslie, Iron Creek
4-H Beef; Matthew Rustemeier, Bon Accord 4-H Beef; Kevin
Schlegel, Calmar "Heart of the Country" 4-H and Teresa
Welsch, Foothills 4-H Beef. The senior team claiming top
honours was Kelly Butler, Bashaw 4-H Beef; Curtis Berger,
Lakemere 4-H Beef; Morwenna Hodgetts, Camrose 4-H Beef
and Christine Schmitke, Cardston Chinook 4-H Beef.
The judging competition had two phases, the individual
conformation judging and team show ring judging. In the
individual competition, Eric Fehlauer of Calmar "Heart of the
Country" 4-H placed first in the junior class, Amy Fox of
Armena 4-H Beef placed first among the intermediates, and
Carth Rancier of Iron Creek 4-H Beef was the first place senior
judge. Rancier was also named the top judge overall in
individual reasons and placings. Winners in the judging
competition were presented with their awards on Mondav b\
Ron Winter on behalf of .Alberta Treasury Branches. Monday 's
Patron of the Day.
In the show ring judging competition members act as ring
man and judge, demonstrating their ability to organize and
evaluate a ring of show animals. The dynamic team of judge
Crystal Young, Lin-Berry-Buck 4-H Beef Club and ringman
Kelly Northley. Bashaw 4-H Beef took first place in the junior
category. The top senior team was made up of judge Alison
Fehlauer, Calmar "Heart of the Country" 4-H and ringman
Erin Krause. Vermilion 4-H Beef.
The Freshmen competition is an important part of the Beef
Heifer Show. These classes were only open to members who
have not attended the show before. The overall champions
were: Justine Schneider, Chipman 4-H Beef Club. Grand
Champion Junior Freshmen; David Shneider, Chipman 4-H
Beef Club, Grand Champion Intermediate Freshmen and
Christine Schmidke. Cardston Chinook 4-H Beef Club, Grand
Champion Senior Freshmen.
The showmanship competition, also sponsored by Alberta
Treasury Branches, allowed 4-H'ers to demonstrate their skills
as exhibitors. Members were judged on their ability to
effectively showcase their animal for the official judge. The top
Showmen were: Jillian Arntzen of the Iron Creek 4-H Beef
Club, junior Showmanship Grand Champion; Mark Shologan
of the Pembina West 4-H Beef Club, intermediate
Showmanship Grand Champion and Alison Fehlauer of the
Calmar "Heart of the Country" 4-H, senior Showmanship
Grand Champion.
August 3, 1998 -page 3
On Tuesday morning, judges began to choose the top purebred
and crossbred animals in yearling, two \ear old with calf, three
year old with calf and breeding project herd classes Carmen
Wright of the Irricana 4-H Beef and Multi club claimed the
Supreme Grand Champion Crossbred with her Charolais-cross
yearling. Kahluial 51 The purebred classes showcased
Gelbvieh. Red Angus, Charolais, Hereford, Limousin, Black
Angus. Simmental, Shorthorn, Pinzgauer. Murrav Grey, Salers
and many more The Supreme Grand Champion Purebred title
went to Stacy Young of the Lin-Berry-Buck 4-H Beef Club,
showing her Simmental two year old, RJY Miss Black Amanda
9F The winners of the conformation classes were presented
with their awards by Jerome Stang and John Lee on behalf of
the I'nited Farmers of Alberta. Tuesday 's Patron of the Day.
In order to reward participation and success across all events
at the Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer Show. Grand Aggregate
Awards are presented to one member in each age category.
The awards are primarily based on participation in Team
Grooming or Project Bowl, Judging. Showmanship and
Conformation classes. When members' scores in these
competitions were added to determine their final placing, the
junior Grand Aggregate was Tyson Gardner of the Eagle 4-H
Beef Club, the intermediate award went to Dan Yanderwell.
White Rose 4-H Beef & Multi Club, and the senior Grand
Aggregate award winner was Alison Fehlauer. Calmar "Heart of
the Country" 4-H. In addition to these awards, four individuals
were chosen to attend the Xatiorial Young Cattlemen of the
Year program in Bashaw July 13 to 16, 199H. Based on
aggregate points, the representatives at the program were:
Tyson Gardner, Crystal Young, Matthew Gosling and Heather
Marcinkoski.
The closing ceremonies on Tuesday afternoon honored the
three sponsors of the Provincial Beef Heifer Show: Alberta
Treasury Branches. I'nited Farmers of .Alberta and
American Breeders Service - Canada "4-H members,
successful at events such as the Provincial 4-H Beef Heifer
Show, go on to become successful and influential members
of .Alberta's beef industry, " said Rob Smith, master of
ceremonies. This was made clear by observing the high quality
of showmanship and judging exhibited by members
throughout the show. The Heifer Show is hosted by the
Bashaw Agricultural Society and administered by Alberta
Agriculture.
Contact: Henry Wiegmm
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
August 3, 1998 - page 4
52nd annual provincial 4-H Dairy
Show a huge success
There was a great deal of excitement surrounding the 70 cattle
and 50 4-H members at the Red Deer Westerner Exposition
Grounds on July 15th and 16th. The Alberta 4-H Provincial
Dairy Show is an annual event that showcases the best of 4-H
dairy projects in Alberta.
"The show rewards the knowledge and skills of 4-H members
who compete in the clipping, project bowl, judging and dairy
husbandry competitions," says Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H
agriculture specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "This year we had more than 500 entries in the
show, across all classes and categories."
The annual show was launched Wednesday, July 15 with a
sponsored breakfast for 4-H delegates and leaders, followed by
the clipping competition. Nancy Ronald, of the Lacombe 4-H
Dairy Club took first place honors in the junior category. Logan
Chalack, from the Mountain View 4-H Dairy Club took the
intermediate honours, and Dereck Van Sickle also from the
Mountain View Dairy Club was placed first in the senior class.
Dereck Van Sickle was also named the top member overall in
the clipping competition.
The Project Bowl competition allows members to demonstrate
their dairy knowledge as a team. The team of Dereck Van
Sickle, Nathan Taylor, Jessica Simanton, and Craig Fenske
claimed this fun competition. The judging competition
Wednesday afternoon tested members' skills in assessing the
conformation and quality of a group of dairy cattle. Top
honours in the junior judging went to Lee Simanton of the
Lacombe 4-H Dairy club. The intermediate prize went to Jillian
Chalack of the Mountain View 4-H Dairy Club, and the top
senior judge was Linsey Chalack of the Mountain View 4-H
Dairy club. As the top conformation judge overall, Linsey
Chalack was invited to return to the 1999 dairy show as a
junior judge.
On Wednesday afternoon members participated in a new
competition, the Dairy Skillathon. A series of skill stations that
tested the members' knowledge in dairy science and
husbandry. Nancy Ronald of the Lacombe 4-H Dairy Club took
the junior title in this competition, Jillian Chalack of the
Mountain View 4-H Dairy Club took the intermediate title, and
Matt Hofstra of the Rollyview 4-H Dairy Club took the senior
title.
The Showmanship competition tested members' abilities to
display their animal in the show ring. Kim Reitveld of the Roily
View 4-H Dairy Club took the junior showman title, Cristine
Hofstra of the Roily View 4-H Dairy Club took the intermediate
title, and Linsey Chalack of the Mountain View 4-H Dairy Club
was named senior showman. Linsey Chalack was also named
the supreme champion in the showmanship competition and
as a result, she will have the opportunity to return to the 1999
dairy show as a junior judge.
Show ring judging is a team event in which top judges act as
ringmaster and judge to organize and evaluate a ring of
livestock. Judges are evaluated based on their confidence,
microphone reasons and skills, appearance and organization.
Linsey Chalack and Dereck Van Sickle of the Mountain View
4-H Dairy Club took top honors in this competition.
The conformation classes, held Thursday at noon, were a
major attraction. Animals were divided into seven individual
categories. Cristine Hofstra of Roily View 4-H Dairy Club,
showing Detimdale Balance Delight was named top calf in the
intermediate category. Linsey Chalack of Mountain View 4-H
Dairy Club, showing Wendon Mason Recca, took top honors in
the senior calf class and Amanda Taylor of the Roily View 4-H
Dairy Club showing her calf, Bernalta Rudolph Guess, received
the march calf champion. Jillian Chalack of the Mountain View
4-H Dairy Club, showing Wendon Milan Lucinda, won the
junior yearling title, and Sarah Ronald of the Lacombe 4-H
Dairy Club, took the senior yearling champion with her heifer,
Roneamar Seven Zero Eight. Linsey Chalack of Mountain View
4-H Dairy Club won the summer yearling title showing,
Wendon Rudolph Jan while the top winter yearling was Donalta
Cerise Mason, shown by Dereck Van Sickle of the Mountain
View 4-H Dairy Club. At the completion of all the individual
conformation classes, a Grand Champion class was held to
name the top animal at the show. Linsey Chalack of Mountain
View 4-H Dairy claimed the Grand Champion title with her
heifer, Wendon Mason Recce.
Sarah Ronald of Lacombe 4-H Dairy was named Reserve
Champion with her heifer, Roneamar Seven Zero Eight.
The final conformation class at the dairy show was the herd
class, which allows clubs to showcase their members' projects
as a breeding herd. The Mountain View 4-H Dairy received the
Champion Club Herd award.
The herdsmanship competition at the dairy show is based on
an individual's ability to be helpful to other people at the show,
their tidiness and cleanliness, and their knowledge and
conduct while at the show. The following members received
the Herdsmanship Award: Alexandra Van Zanten, Green Acres
Dairy 4-H Club; Jillian Chalack, Mountain View 4-H Dairy Club;
Kathryn McDowell, Usona 4-H Dairy Club; Jennifer Rietveld,
Roily View 4-H Dairy Club; Laurena Ronald and Lee Simanton,
Lacombe 4-H Dairy Club.
"The Provincial 4-H Dairy Show is an excellent experience for
the project members who participate," adds Wiegman.
"4-H'ers gain valuable show experience in a provincial ring,
they expand their knowledge and skills, and they network with
other 4-H members from around the province in a friendly
and competitive atmosphere."
The Dairy Industrv and Red Deer Westerner Exposition provide
sponsorship for the annual Dairy Show. It is also supported by
more than forty other generous contributors.
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
Keeping lawns healthy in
summer
What measures 50 ft by 50 ft and creates enough oxygen for a
family of four every day? That blanket of green in the front
yard. Many people think the front lawn just lavs there, but
along with creating oxygen, a well-maintained grassed area
absorbs noise and airborne pollutants like dust, soot and
carbon dioxide.
"Keeping a lawn healthy and growing lush and green is
realitively easy with a little care and attendance and regular
maintenance," says Shelley Barkley, information officer at the
Crop Diversification Centre South, Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development. "Whether in an urban setting or a
sweeping rural landscape, lawns require regular mowing.
Depending on moisture levels and daytime heat, that could
mean at least once, possibly twice a week during the
summer."
If lawn is left to grow too long, two mowings may be necessary
to take it to the recommended height. The first pass with the
mower should remove one third of blade height and the
second cut should reduce the lawn to the desired height. For
summer-time, 2.5 to 3 inches (6.3 - 7.6 cm) is optimum
height for a healthy lawn.
"Leaving lawns at these higher heights will help reduce
moisture loss that causes heat stress to grass. "says Barkley.
If experiencing sufficient rainfall, lawns do quite nicely with
only regular mowing. However, lawns need thorough watering
at least every 10 days. Thick lawns significantly slow down
water runoff and are very efficient in directing moisture into
the soil. Even light rainfall, can hold significant benefits for
healthy lawns. If, however, there has been no rainfall, a good
soaking of two inches (5 cm) should be applied. With
reasonable water pressure, this should take approximately
one-half hour with a sprinkler. It's time to water the lawn
when it changes color to a blue-green, or when foot prints are
noticeable in the turf when walked on.
"Nothing is more aesthetically pleasing than a beautiful lawn."
adds Barkley. "And. when the heat is on in the summer, that
lush expanse of grass can be 10 to 14 degrees cooler than
non-grassed soil and up to 30 degrees cooler than decking,
asphalt or concrete. No wonder lawns are the favorite lounging
place on hot summer days."
August 3, 1998 -page 5
A variety of pests can cause problems in lawns The
publication Backyard Pest Management in Alberta
valuable resource that contains information on over 150 pests
that commonly damage trees, shrubs, lawns, flowers and
gardens It help when identifying whether insects, disease or
weeds are causing the problems in a lawn Copies of the
publication are available at Alberta Agriculture district offices
or the Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB
T6H 5T6, phone 1-800-292-5697. Price of the publication is
$5 plus GST, please add $2 plus GST for shipping and handling
on phone or mail-in orders.
Other resources, such as the Prairie Gardener Leaflets, are
available through the Landscape .Alberta Nursery Trades
Association (403) 489-1991 in Edmonton, or toll free
1-800-378-3198.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403) 362-1305
August 3, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibiiotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51535 1142
Time to mind the tea roses
The wintering of tea roses begins in summer. Stop fertilizing
the plants at the end of July and, in August, cut roses with
shorter stems. Cut backwater in September, but never let the
plants dry out. After several hard frosts, water the plants well,
head the canes back to 20 to 25 cm and put winter insulation
in place. Put about 30 cm of insulating material, such as
peatmoss, compost or soil around the canes and the crown.
Don't pack the material too tightly. In the spring, about the
time the native poplars begin leaving out, begin gently
removing the insulating material from the plant. For more
information, contact Shelley Barkley at the Crop Diversification
Centre South, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, (403) 362-1305.
1998 ASJA Classic Horse Show
The Alberta Show Jumping Association (ASJA) is holding their
annual show on August 27 to 30 at the Tyrrell Farms, Calgary.
This year, the four-day horse show format is augmented by a
third showring indoors and offers numerous 2 '6" hunter
divisions including the Pony Hunter, Novice Rider and Novice
Horse. With the added divisions, the ASJA Pony Medal and Pony
Medal year end Final will also be offered at the show. Other
changes to the prize list include the addition of Pre-Green and
Combined Hunter Divisions in the main showring. On the final
day, in the jumper ring, there will be three events:
the 4 '6" Alberta Cup, the Mini Prix and the addition of a
3'6" Child/Adult Jumper Class. The annual ASJA banquet and
awards night will be held on August 29 at the Hospitality Inn,
Calgary. The banquet includes the announcement of the CET
Regional Final winners and all of the year end cooler and
scholarship presentations. For further information, contact
Stephanie Christmann (403) 256-4637, Debbie Garside
(403) 256-2288 or Donna Hammer (403) 275-9418.
Grazing Alfalfa
Alfalfa, a very drought tolerant grass, is at times used as
grazing forage. The obvious concern is bloat. While there is
always some risk when grazing alfalfa, it has tremendous feed
value. Some things to keep in mind are:
• younger animals are more bloat prone than older animals
• some animals are very bloat susceptible and may need to
be removed from alfalfa grazing
• most bloat occurs on immature, rapidly growing alfalfa.
Once alfalfa has flowered the risk of bloat is considerably
reduced
• generally, the more mature the alfalfa, the less the risk of
bloat
• when introducing cattle to alfalfa make sure they are well
fed first. Move cattle onto alfalfa around mid-day, away
from primary grazing times (morning and evening)
• once cattle are on alfalfa leave them unless bloat risks
become too high. Gradual introduction to alfalfa creates
more problems with bloat
• provide some dry feed (hay or straw bales) on pasture
• observe cattle regularly, especially in the mornings
• if cattle appear to be starting to bloat, running them
around the pasture will often help them release gas
buildup
• severe bloat cases require stomach tubing and a vegetable
or mineral oil, or stabbing through the rumen wall to
release gases
• rumensin capsules for yearlings or feeding Bloatgard
pellets markedly reduces bloat incidences and their
severity.
For further information, contact Terry Holmgren, beef
specialist - cow/calf, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development (403) 645-6301.
Harvest Day in Donalda
On August 1 1, the Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative (ARTI) in
cooperation with Ducks Unlimited Canada is holding a Harvest
Day. The Harvest Day begins at 10:00 a.m. and runs until
2:00 p.m. On site, fall seeded canola (Quest) and winter wheat
(Kestrel) will be discussed. The agronomy unit also has feature
plots on the site. Various combines (including the Lexion 485
Combine) will be present for a harvest demonstration. The
Harvest Day is located one mile West and two miles North of
the town of Donalda (LLD - N 1/2 of 12 - 42 - 19 W4 M) For
further information, contact Grant Nelson, ARTI agronomist at
(403) 742-7546 or e-mail: grant. nelson@agric.gov.ab.ca
Agri -News
August 10, 1998
So/7 quality benchmark
sampling
Long-term soil sampling to monitor soil quality across Alberta
landscapes starts this fall. Soil quality benchmark sites are
currently being selected by the conservation and development
branch of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, in
partnership with agri-businesses, research associations and
other divisions of Alberta Agriculture.
"Monitoring these benchmark sites is part of the Alberta
Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture (AESA) Soil Quality
Monitoring Initiative," says John Zylstra, regional conservation
coordinator with Alberta Agriculture. "There are two goals for
this program. The first is to determine the state of soil quality
across Alberta and the second is to determine the risk of
change in soil quality with various management practices."
The fall benchmark sampling across Alberta will provide
baseline soil information; test and validate simulation models
(crop growth, wind erosion, water erosion); and, monitor
changes in soil quality over time on a field basis.
"As well as providing data for modelling, the benchmark sites
will give an indiction of year to year changes in soil fertility
status at the same point," says Zylstra. "They will also provide
data on the landscape effects upon soil properties."
Within the agricultural region of .Alberta, there are nearly 100
ecodistricts, or areas of similar topography, soil, vegetation and
climate. Alberta Agriculture will monitor sites within 40 to 50
ecodistricts throughout Alberta for the next five to 10 years.
These soil quality benchmark sites will be representative of
soil-landscape patterns and agronomic practices within a given
ecodistrict.
"At each benchmark site, soil and plant sampling will occur at
three landscape positions: shoulder, mid-slope and toe slope,"
adds Zylstra. "Information supplied by landowners is
important to the initial characterization of the sites. They will
assess the soil data collected and provide input for simulation
models. Land management information required from
farmers includes: crop rotations and crop cultivars; fertilizer
applications; weed control practices; tillage system; harvest
method; and, grazing practices.
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Soil quality benchmark sampling 1
Packaging retains freshness 2
Fall cutting alfalfa 2
Crop walks benefit the entire community 3
4-H summer camp a journey to remember 3
New draft irrigation legislation ready for public
comment 4
"F" stands for Farm in the new AFAC name 4
Briefs 5
ASXl-JVOWS Polishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861 vdlbCTfd
' AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
August 10, 1998 -page 2
"The information collected will give detailed soil quality status
on a range of soils across Alberta and landscape effects on soil
quality and soil quality risk assessment. It will also provide a
cross validation data set across Alberta for soil quality
modelling efforts and a record of year-to-year changes in soil
properties at constant sites in the province."
Contact: John Zylstra
(403) 835-2291
Packaging retains freshness
New research findings are helping to keep the 'fresh' in fresh
vegetables.
"Once fresh produce is harvested, normal tissue respiration
that is the taking in of oxygen and giving off of carbon dioxide,
water and heat, reduces quality of produce by causing
undesirable changes in appearance, taste and texture," says
Janet Panford with the National Research Council.
Recent research conducted by Panford while a food scientist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
indicated that Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) can
extend the shelf life of fresh produce by slowing down the rate
of respiration and reducing moisture loss. The process
involves modifying the composition of the natural atmosphere
inside a package by surrounding the food product with a
selected combination of gases, normally found in the
atmosphere we breathe, and then sealing the package.
The research tested samples of head and romaine lettuce,
carrots, broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower.
"The study found that highly perishable products such as cut
lettuce, cole slaw and cauliflower, can be kept fresh under
altered gases and ready to eat for up to seven days," Panford
says. "Broccoli was found to stay fresh longer when carbon
dioxide was not allowed to rise excessively inside the package.
Carrot sticks have excellent keeping quality (28 days) in
altered gas environment."
With the possibility of an extended shelf life for Alberta's fresh
vegetables, greater economic value can be realized by Alberta
growers and processors, with a greater variety and health
benefits realized by consumers.
Contact: Dr. Janet A. Panford
National Research Council
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Ph. (306) 975-4711
Janet Kanters
Alberta Agriculture Research Institute
(403) 422-1072
Fall cutting alfalfa
The time of taking the last cut of alfalfa may affect the amount
of winter injury, winter kill and the yield of next year's first cut.
The last cut can influence the amount of food reserves left in
the plant over winter and that impacts the new spring growth.
"Winter survival and productivity of alfalfa are influenced by
plant food reserves in the roots," says Richard Guitard, cereals
and oilseeds specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Valleyview. "Food reserves are required to
harden off the plant in fall, carry it through the winter and be
sufficient to start a vigorous new growth in the spring. Along
with food reserves, a plant cover, either top growth left in the
field or higher stubble after cutting, helps hold snow and
provides insulation for the crowns and roots."
Studies by Lacombe Research Station on the effect of different
fall harvest dates have indicated differences in winter survival
and the yield the following year. In these trials, the first cut was
harvested in late June or early July and second cut at eight
different dates from August 13 to October I.
"The critical harvest period was from mid-August to early
September at the Lacombe sites," says Guitard. "Critical
harvest period being the time when the last cut of hay is taken
resulting in the greatest yield loss of the first cut the following
year. Delaying the second cut until September 10 to 17
resulted in a yield increase of 20 to 25 per cent compared to
harvesting the final cut in mid-August to early September. The
critical harvest period will vary with location. Generally, there
is very little regrowth after early September."
Food reserves in alfalfa decline rapidly in the initial period
following cutting because the reserves are used to produce
new growth. The balance between demand on reserves and
replenishment from photosynthesis is reached in about three
weeks after cutting dates. Three weeks after cutting an
accumulation of reserves begins. It may take four to six weeks
following cutting for reserves to again reach the level they were
at harvest. Taking the last cut of alfalfa later ensures that there
is very little regrowth before freeze-up leaving food stores in
reserve for the plant to over-winter.
"Other factors, such as variety of alfalfa, fertility level of field,
age of stand, cutting height and the stage of growth at the time
of taking the final cut, also affect winter survival and winter
injury of alfalfa plants," adds Guitard. "Disadvantages of
delaying harvest until after the critical harvest period include
problems with drying the crop and leaf loss if there is frost
damage. Generally there are no problems with nitrate buildup
in second cut alfalfa. If frost does occur before cutting the
second crop, there shouldn't be a buildup of nitrates in the
same manner as occurs with annual crops harvested after a
frost."
Cont 'd on page 3
A feed test for nitrates is a good idea as it gives exact levels
present and should nitrate levels be high, other feed can be
used to dilute and balance the feed ration.
Contact Richard Guitard
(403) 524-3301
Crop walks benefit the entire
community
At this time of year there are limited activities that will improve
a crop. However, potential insect and disease problems can be
spotted and yield loss situations can be observed to prevent
future problems.
"One of the best observation methods that can be employed is
to get a group of neighbors together with a cereal and oilseed
specialist and do a crop walk," says Jay Byer, cereal and
oilseed specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Bonnyville. "A crop walk is a group of interested
individuals checking a number of fields, looking for unusual
crop conditions that can be identified and dealt with in a
positive, supportive manner. Crop walks, that can improve the
bottom line for all involved, are supported by the Alberta
Canola Producers Commission (ACPC)."
During a crop walk, the following problem areas are
specifically looked for: insects and diseases can still be stealing
yield. Spotting conditions that could build up into major
problems before harvest can improve the bottom line for an
individual producer and could also prevent the spread of these
conditions to neighboring fields.
A cooperative approach to crop walking can help identify
problems such as:
• fertility and weeds - nutrient deficiencies can be a major
problem and it's often too late to deal with them but
deficiencies can lead to increases and spread of weed
seeds. These seeds can spread to other farms by natural
methods and cause problems for the whole area
• seeding problems - observing how various seeding
methods work can lead to changes in farming practices for
all involved. New seeding methods that result in better,
more vigorous weed competitive crops can also be a benefit
to the entire community.
"Calling the local crop specialist and getting together with
neighbors to conduct a crop walk can really be beneficial,"
adds Byer. "Alberta Agriculture corp specialists are more than
happy to be of help."
Contact: Jay Byer
(403)826-3388
August 10, 1998 -page 3
4-H summer camp a journey to
remember
Over the course of this summer, 300 4-H members embarked
on a journey of self awareness and fun at Alberta 4-H
intermediate and junior summer camps
"Keeping with this year's summer theme, Mapping Your
World Through 4-H. delegates at Intermediate camp
(ages 12 to 14 years) travelled Around the World in Five Days
via fun activities featuring Africa, South America, Australia,
Antarctica and Canada," says Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H
programs specialist with .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "4-H'ers participated in educational sessions
led by staff and special guests featuring 4-H, agriculture, the
environment and first aid. Intermediate campers were also
treated to special opportunities such as an overnight camp-
out, sports day, fashion show, a chili cook-off and the infamous
4-H 500, a fun-packed relay event."
Junior campers (ages 9 to 12 years) took part in the theme
All about You and Your World throughout their week at camp
These delegates participated in small-group sessions on 4-H,
agriculture, the environment and self-awareness. Some
exciting activities at Junior camp included picnic lunches,
watermelon carving, ice cream sculpting, talent show,
campfire, sports, Capture the Flag and a carnival.
"Junior and intermediate camps are a fun and exciting
experience for .Alberta 4-H'ers," says Marguerite Stark.
"Delegates can build relationships with youth from around the
province while learning about themselves and the world they
live in."
Union Pacific Resources, Nova Gas Transmission and .Alberta
Agriculture provide sponsorship for Alberta 4-H Summer
Camps. Plans are already underway for the 4-H provincial
camping program in 1999
For more information on 4-H projects and programs, visit the
.Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development web site at:
http:/ wwTv.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
August 10, 1998 - page 4
New draft irrigation legislation
ready for public comment
Albertans can make their views known on the new draft
legislation covering changes to irrigation districts and their
governance under the Irrigation Act.
This legislation has governed irrigation districts in southern
Alberta for the past 30 years. As part of the Government of
Alberta's commitment to assess all provincial legislation, the
Honourable Ed Stelmach, Minister of Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, appointed an MLA Review Committee
in early 1997 to review the Irrigation Act. Ron Stevens, MLA
(Calgary-Glenmore), Ron Hierath, MLA (Cardston-Taber-
Warner) and committee chairman Glen Clegg, MLA
(Dunvegan) conducted a thorough study and public
consultation of the Irrigation Act . Their recommendations are
contained in the recently released draft legislation.
"Among the many changes in the draft, the new legislation
would give the irrigation districts greater autonomy in how
they manage their affairs," says Clegg. "The districts would
also be more accountable to their irrigators and other water
users."
"Because the draft legislation has changed dramatically in
both appearance and content, we have put together an
interpretive guide to help the reader better understand what
changes have occurred and where similar sections were
located in the old Act," says Len Fullen, project manager for
the review. "While legislation may not be leisurely reading, we
want to ensure that the draft is well reviewed. We hope that the
interpretive guide will help to make the reader more
comfortable with the proposed changes."
To obtain a copy of the draft legislation, write to:
Len Fullen
Project Manager, Irrigation Act Review
# 301, J. G. O'Donoghue Building
7000 - 113 Street
Edmonton AB T6H 5T6
Telephone: (403) 422-2070
Fax: (403) 422-6540
E-mail: fullen@agric.gov.ab.ca
Written comments should be provided to the same address
prior to September 15, 1998.
Contact: Glen Clegg, MLA Len Fullen
(403) 427-1806 (403) 422-2070
"F" stands for Farm in the new
AFAC name
The Alberta Foundation for Animal Care is now called Alberta
Farm Animal Care Association (AFAC). The acronym, AFAC,
will remain as is. The word Association will follow for business
purposes.
"By using the word Farm instead of Foundation, we
distinctively describe what the organization is and its
purpose", says Peter Schuld, AFAC chairman. "As well as being
a requirement of the Societies Act, the term Association well
describes the organization as a group coming together for a
joint purpose.
"We intend to increase AFAC's profile with both the rural and
urban public. The livestock industry's progressive attitude
towards responsible animal well-being is the message we want
to deliver. This name change is a simple step to enhance this
communication".
AFAC is funded by 130 livestock organizations, agribusiness
and individual producer members. It's mandate is to promote
responsible animal care. Since it's inception in 1993, AFAC has
set up an Animal Care Action Line and Resource Team
(ALERT), spearheaded Canada's first review of humane
livestock transportation, co-developed a new province-wide
4-H program: Learning About Animal Welfare, co-developed a
cattle handling and hauling training program and developed
educational resources for schools.
AFAC's most recent accomplishment is a unique partnering
with Alberta SPCA and Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development to provide a coordinated approach to ensuring
livestock protection in Alberta and to identify problem areas
needing improvement. This working partnership is known as
ALPS (Alberta Livestock Protection System).
Contact: Ray Fenton
(403) 427-4615
August 10, 1998 -page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Watch nitrate levels in newly cut
greenfeed
When cutting cereals for greenfeed or silage and there has
been a frost, it's important to be aware of the potential for
nitrate poisoning of stock. Usually if the frost is not too severe,
three to four days is all that's required for the nitrate levels to
be reduced to acceptable levels. Nitrate levels in the plant will
be high if the plants are young or the field has been heavily
fertilized. Most cereals at this time of year are advanced
enough that nitrated levels shouldn't be a serious problem.
Cereals harvested for silage do not usually have a problem as
the level of nitrate is reduced by the fermentation process and
diluted by the moisture present. For further information,
contact Richard Guitard, cereals and oilseeds specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Valleyview,
(403) 524-3301.
Hey, Honey ... what's it all about
A new factsheet, Commercial Honey Industry, is now
available from Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. This agriculture business profile,
Agdex 616/830-1, introduces honey production and marketing
as a potential business opportunity. It is an overview that
focuses on the key management issues in developing and
operating a honey enterprise in Alberta. The Ag-Venture
factsheet provides industry highlights, historical data and
regulatory, production and marketing information. In chart
form, it also includes capital investment requirements and
operating cost breakdowns for different sized operations.
Commercial Honey Industry is available from AJberta
Agriculture district offices and the publications office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
AESA Farm-Based Project Directory
now available
A directory of the 1998/99 Alberta Environmentally
Sustainable Agriculture (AESA) farm-based projects is now
available. The AESA farm-based grants assist agricultural
service boards, agricultural and environmental organizations,
and Native groups to encourage practices that reduce
agricultural impacts on the environment. A total of 589
projects across the province received $2,152,476 addressing
this broad issue in 1998/99 In the directory, AESA farm based
projects are listed by management issue and region. Each
entry indicates the group doing the project, a contact name
and number, a brief project description and location
(if available) The management issues addressed are: manure
management; livestock facility design and siting; sustainable
grazing systems; riparian area management; responsible pest
management; sustainable cropping systems; environmental
liability; agriculture waste management (not manure);
shelterbelts, agroforestry and woodlot management;
comprehensive farm resource management and municipal
resource management. The directory also provides summaries
of percent funding by management issue. To receive a copy of
the directory, call Therese Tompkins (403) 427-3588. The
directory is also available on Alberta Agriculture's Internet site
at www.agric.gov.ab.ca/sustain/aesafarmbaseindex.html
k.&\-News
August 17, 1998
Brand inspection discussion
paper released
The public consultations on delegating brand inspection
services to the cattle industry are set to begin. The Minister of
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Ed Stelmach,
announced today the release of the discussion paper on
operating regulations as well as the schedule of public
meetings.
"During the debate on Bill 41,1 committed to a public
consultation process on the regulations relating to brand
inspection," says Stelmach. "Alberta Agriculture
representatives will hold meetings with various producer
groups and others interested in the process, to increase
awareness of the proposed changes in the regulations required
for delegation and give people the opportunity to make their
views known."
The public is invited to attend the meetings. The schedule of
dates and locations follows. All meetings start at 10:00 a.m.
and should be finished by 12:30 p.m.:
August 10 - Grande Prairie, Provincial Building
August 12 - High River, Highwood Auction Mart
August 13 - Vermilion, Provincial Building
Stelmach leaves open the possibility that additional meetings
may be scheduled in other parts of the province if there is
enough interest. Bill 41, passed by the Legislature in May,
provides for Stelmach to delegate the administration of brand
inspection to the cattle industry. The Bill has not yet been
proclaimed, as there are details to work out in the process of
delegating the administration of Brand Inspection services to a
new. not-for-profit industry partnership group called LIS.
The founding members of Livestock Identification Services
(LIS) are the:
• Alberta Auction Markets Association
• Alberta Livestock Dealers and Order Buvers Association
• Alberta Feeders Association
• Alberta Cattle Feeders Association
• Alberta Cattle Commission
• Western Stock Growers Association
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Brand inspection discussion paper released
1
Alberta Brand Service frequently asked questions
2
Profile of farm operators now available
3
Chafed by chaff rows? Even spreading is the key!
3
Fertilizer and water management in greenhouse
crops
4
4-H members go the distance at Club Week '98
4
Infrastructure program assists with sustainable
development
5
4-H members venture off the beaten path' at
POP '98
6
Agri-ville report complete
6
Briefs
7
gn-News
Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
August 17, 1998 - page 2
The Western Stock Growers Association has recently expressed
its intent to withdraw from LIS and the negotiations.
Copies of the discussion paper and the four Acts relating to
brand inspection as well as the proposed regulations are
available on the Internet, through Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development's website. The address is:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/brands
For phone-in requests call (403) 422-7197 or fax request to
(403) 422-9746. The Department would like to receive all
written submissions by September 1, 1998.
Producers with questions regarding the proposed new brand
inspection service may contact their LIS representatives for
more information.
Contact: Ron Glen Cliff Wulff
(403) 427-2137 (403) 422-6256
Alberta Brand Service
frequently asked questions
What Acts and regulations are being amended at this
time?
The Brand Act, the Livestock Identification and Brand
Inspection Act, the Livestock and Livestock Products Act and
the Stray Animals Act.
Amendments to the related regulations and new delegation
regulations.
Work is now ongoing to finalize the necessary amendments to
the regulations and to conclude the negotiation of a delegation
agreement.
What brand inspection functions does government
currently perform, and which functions will be
performed by LIS in the future?
Virtually all of the same functions performed by government
will be continued by LIS. These include:
• Maintaining the Brand Registry.
• Inspecting all cattle and horses and some other livestock
species for ownership identification at major points of sale.
• Issuing licenses to Livestock Dealers, Livestock Dealers'
Agents, Stock Yards, and Stock Yard Operators, assessing
applications, guaranteeing security and suspending or
cancelling licenses as circumstances require.
• Handling and disposing of stray animals as outlined in the
legislation.
• Appointing the Administrator under the Livestock and
Livestock Products Act.
• Enforcing the four Acts and associated regulations.
• Providing advice and assistance under a number of other
industry related Acts such as the Livery Stable Keepers Act,
the Line Fence Act, the Feeder Association Guarantee Act,
the Livestock Diseases Act, the Animal Health Act
(Canada) and the Criminal Code (Canada).
The Minister of Alberta Agriculture retains responsibility for
the related provincial acts and regulations, which provide the
legislative foundation for the Service. This responsibility
cannot be delegated.
Will clients notice any change in the services they
receive now?
Initially, LIS expects very little change in the Brand Service.
However, in the future, when LIS considers improvements to
make the service more responsive to industry needs, it intends
to consult with all segments of the industry. Any changes that
require amendments to regulations will require the
appropriate approvals of either the Minister or Cabinet.
Will there be any changes to Brand Service fees?
For delegated functions:
• Fees for existing services will remain the same for two
years. Thereafter, LIS will be allowed to set fees below or to
a maximum specified by the Minister in the regulations
• For other related services, LIS will make rules, subject to
the Minister's approval, that could include fees
• For new activities, LIS will be able to set its fees at the levels
it requires to provide efficient service
How will the Government ensure that the Service is
operated in a fair and equitable manner for the benefit
of the industry?
Government retains hill responsibility for the Acts and
regulations that outline how the delegated functions must be
performed. Also:
• Appeal procedures and trust hinds will be in place
• LIS reporting requirements will be specified in regulation
and include the need for financial statements, operating
reports, performance measure reporting, annual business
plans and a periodic third party evaluation
• Government will maintain a small Secretariat to liaise with
LIS and monitor its performance
• The Minister may revoke the delegation at any time with or
without cause, and either LIS or the Province may
terminate the arrangement with six months' notice
Profile of farm operators now
available
A new publication, A Profile of Alberta Farm Operators
and their Farms - 1996, is now available from Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Information on
gender, age, hours of work, off- farm work, and farm type are
included for at your fingertips' reference. It also contains
historical data that show how these demographics have
changed.
"Demography is the most powerful and most under-utilized
tool we have to understand the past and forecast the future.
Demographics play a critical role in a nations's economy and
social life, and affect each one of us as individuals," says
Dr. David Foot in his book Boom, Bust and Echo: How to
Profit From the Coming Demographic Shift.
The more we understand about the demographics of Alberta's
farm population, the better able we will be to help the industry
adapt and change. Some of the highlights from the publication
include:
• 82,455 farm operators manage 59,005 farms
• 26.5 per cent of operators are female; 73 5 per cent are
male
• Average age of operators is 48.2 years. Average age of
female operator is 46.4 years; average age of male operator
is 48.9
• Since the 1991 Census, the number of women farming
alone increased 33 per cent. In comparison, the number of
men farming alone increased 1 .8 per cent
• Since 1991 . the number of operators under 35 decreased
191 per cent overall. The number of operators 70 years
and over increased 24.4 per cent. This aging trend among
farm operators reflects a similar greying trend among
Canada's working population
• Women work fewer hours on the farms compared to men:
55.7 per cent of male operators work over 40 hours/week
compared to 33 per cent of females. Even females farming
alone report working fewer hours on the farms compared
to males farming alone
• Half of all operators report off-farm work. This includes
operators who receive payment for off-farm work
(318 per cent) and those who operate one or more
businesses other than their farm (17.8 per cent)
• There is an inverse relationship between participation in
off-farm work and gross farm receipts. Over 80 per cent of
all operators participating in off-farm work have total gross
farm receipts under $100,000 (1995 dollars)
• Women and men are about equally likely to do off-farm
work, but women tend to work fewer hours than men at
paid off-farm jobs
August 17, 1998 -page 3
• 49 per cent of the business operated b\ farmers are
services such as accounting, machinery repair, bed and
breakfast. Sales such as real estate account for
19 per cent, followed by construction (18 per cent)
A more complete picture of .Alberta farm operators will be
available in the fall when Agriculture Canada releases figures
from the Agriculture-Census link. This will include education
and occupation information, as well as family demographics
For a copy of A Profile of Alberta Farm Operators an J Their
Farms - 1996 call Jean Wilson with the Agricultural Business
Management Branch at (403)415-2146 or Chuanliang Su with
the Production Economics and Statistics Branch at
(403)422-2887.
Contact: Jean Wilson
(403) 415-2/46
Chafed by chaff rows? Even
spreading is the key!
Straw and chaff residues must be spread evenly in direct
seeding systems. Uneven spreading can lead to equipment
plugging, poor seed germination, nutrient tie-up and
infestations of diseases, weeds or insects.
"The most practical way to manage crop residues is with a
straw and chaff spreader on your combine," says Murray
Green, provincial farm machinery specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Airdrie Extra
operations between harvesting and planting just to manage
crop residues are time-consuming and costlv
"The amount and condition of straw and chaff at the back of
the combine dictate the best choice of spreading and chopping
equipment. Both straw and chaff must be finely chopped and
evenly spread over the entire width of the cut."
For more information on crop residue management issues in
direct seeding, see the following factsheets:
• Residue Management for Successful Direct Seeding,
Agdex 570-4
• Equipment Issues in Crop Residue Management,
Agdex 519-4
• Handling Difficult Crop Residue Conditions, Agdex 519-2
These factsheets are available at Alberta Agriculture district
offices, the publications office, 7000 - 1 13 Street. Edmonton.
AB T6H 5T6 or through the Alberta Agriculture Internet site:
http:/ Wft-w.agric.gov.ab.ca/agdex'500 index. In ml
Contact Murray Green
(403) 948-8525
August 17, 1998 - page 4
Fertilizer and water
management in greenhouse
crops
Greenhouse crop production requires close attention to
watering and fertilizing practices.
"Cucumber, tomatoes and peppers grown in sawdust may
require up to 70 applications of water mixed with nutrients,"
says Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crops specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Crop
Diversification Centre North (CDCN), Edmonton. "Computers
are programmed to deliver between 100 to 150 ml of water per
square metre of the greenhouse space when light is over
100 joules per sq. cm. On a sunny, hot day individual plants
can receive up to six litres of water."
Highly soluble fertilizers, including nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese,
copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and chloride are delivered
though a water drip system.
"It is quite a challenge to design a proper fertilizer program if
a grower isn't familiar with various aspects of fertilizer
management," says Mirza. "For example, it's important to
know about dissolved minerals in water. If sodium level is over
100 ppm (parts per million) then the water quality for
greenhouse irrigation is marginal."
How the nutrients are delivered to plants and the quantity of
nutrients that need to be leached out from root zone depend
on various factors like light, temperature and transpiration. All
these factors are inter-connected with the crop growth and
development.
"A basic understanding of fertilizer chemistry and the uptake
of nutrients by plants is required to achieve above average fruit
production," adds Mirza.
Similar water and fertilizer management practices are
required for crops like chrysanthemums, poinsettia and
bedding plants.
The greenhouse staff at CDCN has prepared a publication
called Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Management,
CDCN #98-GP-2. This 28-page publication discusses basic
aspects of nutrient uptake by plants, the role of individual
nutrients in plant growth and how to prepare a fertilizer
program. This free publication is available by calling CDCN
(403) 422-1789.
Contact: Mohyuddin Mirza Muhammad Younus
(403) 415-2303 (403) 415-2317
4-H members go the distance at
Club Week '98
The campus at Olds College came alive filled with 161
enthusiastic 4-H members on July 21-26. These 4-H'ers, ages
15 to 21 years, were in Olds to attend Provincial 4-H Club
Week, an annual personal development program sponsored by
Alberta Pool, United Grain Growers, Lammle's Western Wear,
the Bank of Montreal and the Alberta 4-H Program Trust. This
year's theme, Go the Distance, encouraged members to
achieve goals and expectations while constantly striving to set
new and better ones.
"The goal of Club Week is to encourage delegates to find a
positive direction in life and develop the confidence and
competence to pursue that direction," says Marguerite Stark,
provincial 4-H programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Delegates are given tools to
build a base from which they may venture out on the journey
which is, essentially, the rest of their lives." 4-H members
participated in small and large group sessions, activities and
discussions that facilitated personal development and growth.
"Club Week is a life-changing experience for many of the
delegates who attend," continues Stark. "The relationships and
memories they take away from this program last for a
lifetime." One of the highlights of Club Week '98 was the
Celebration of Overcoming Adversity session, where
delegates heard from five guest speakers. Veena Chandra, a
Canadian woman from Red Deer spoke about overcoming
challenges as an immigrant from India. Duane Daines, world-
famous rodeo cowboy from Innisfail, shared his experience of
beginning a new life after an accident that left him paralysed
from the waist down. Sean and Robin Demko shared their
incredible sense of humour with the delegates as they talked
about the world of deafness. Ella Iantkow, accompanied by her
husband Lou, talked about her experience as a person who is
blind, and Laurel McCartney, a cancer patient from Calgary,
shared her positive attitude and life philosophy with the
delegates. McCartney is presently undergoing an experimental
cancer treatment and has been given a limited time to live.
Delegates were challenged and moved by the positive attitudes
and motivational messages of the speakers.
Delegates were involved in organizing activities for one another
throughout the program. 4-H'ers had fun facilitating and
participating in such events as a talent show, masquerade
dance, mini-Olympics, barbeque and banquet. Physical and
leisure sessions were organized by the staff at the program,
and encouraged delegates to relax and expend their physical
and creative energy.
Cont d on page 5
August 17, 1998 - page 5
On Friday afternoon, delegates listened to motivational guest
speaker Brenda Finley. television broadcaster, actress and
international reporter. Through many shared experiences,
Finley encouraged the delegates to believe in their dreams and
trust their instincts. The banquet on Saturday evening honored
the major sponsors of Club Week, and was attended by Dan
Mulbach, Alberta Pool; Steve Murphy, Bank of Montreal and
Mahlon Weir, 4-H Branch, Alberta Agriculture. Delegates were
also able to meet with special guests from Kazakhstan at the
formal banquet. The Hurricane Kumkol Munai Youth
Ambassadors are in Canada for four weeks, accompanied by
former Alberta 4-H'ers Rob Smith and Kyla Makowecki. Smith
is in Kazakhstan to assist in the operation of farm owned by
Hurricane Hydrocarbons of Calgary. Makowecki is there to
launch a 4-H program for the local youth. .As the guest speaker
at the banquet, Smith encouraged delegates to map their life
journey to a destination of happiness. Speaking from his own
experience, Smith was an excellent example of how 4-H may
help Club Week delegates Go the Distance in the future
The week concluded with a special candle lighting ceremony, a
reflective fantasy journey on the week's activities, and a first-
time watching of the 1998 Club Week video. Plans are already
underway for an exciting and challenging program in 1999-
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
Infrastructure program assists
with sustainable development
Municipalities in Alberta have a new infrastructure program to
assist with the treatment of wastewater for agricultural
processing. Cabinet approved a new three-year, $35 million
pilot program to be administered by Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development. Funding will be provided from
existing government resources.
"Municipalities want to take advantage of the opportunities for
economic growth and expansion that result from agriculture
processors locating in their communities." comments Premier
Ralph Klein. "We believe the Alberta Advantage is even stronger
than before, with the lowest overall tax rates, lower natural gas
rates and a highly-skilled workforce. And now communities
will have greater financial ability to improve their industrial
water and wastewater infrastructure. As a former environment
minister, I also know that this type of infrastructure is
important to promote sustainable development."
The Premier, along with Alberta Agriculture Minister Ed
Stelmach, made the announcement at the sod-turning
ceremony for the new Lamb-Weston potato processing plant
just outside Taber.
Infrastructure is a basic requirement in a griming economy
and provides a level playing field for businesses to create jobs,
economic activity and wealth," says Stelmach "Most people
think infrastructure provides such essentials as hospitals,
schools, roads, sewers for domestic and industrial use. power
and water. This program will assist municipalities in the
provision of basic services to agricultural processors who have
chosen to locate or expand in Alberta I'm pleased that the
Municipal District of Taber meets the qualifications to take
advantage of this program and is eligible for up to
approximately $5 million from the Province toward the total
wastewater infrastructure costs, estimated at approximately
$15 million "
The new infrastructure program is called Municipal Industrial
Wastewater Infrastructure for Agricultural Processing. Its
purpose is to help municipalities invest in industrial water and
wastewater infrastructure to accommodate new agricultural
processing development, strengthen and diversify their
economic base and facilitate major new investment in value-
added agriculture processing in Alberta
This program is a new initiative that will provide funding over a
three-year period as follows: 1998/1999 - up to $10 million;
1999/2000 - up to $10 million, and 2000/2001 - up to
$15 million.
Eligible applicants include all municipalities in Alberta,
including cities, municipal districts, counties, improvement
districts or special areas. Provincial funding will be capped at
two tiers:
• maximum of one-third (33 3 per cent) of eligible
infrastructure costs for smaller rural municipalities with a
population under 30,000
• Maximum of 15 per cent of eligible infrastructure costs for
municipalities with populations of over 30.000
Funding will only be made available to eligible municipalities
that have already secured matching municipal and private
sector investment. Infrastructure projects must be in excess of
$2 million of capital costs.
Contact: Fay Orr
Director of Communications
Office of the Premier
(403) 422-4905 (office)
(403) 913-7371 (cell)
Ron Glen (403) 427-2137
Ron Popek (403) 427-3166
August 17, 1998 -page 6
4-H members venture 'off the
beaten path' at PDP '98
In the first of three programs this summer, 63 4-H members
took part in the Alberta 4-H provincial program People
Developing People (PDP) July 26 to 31. PDP is an exciting
personal development program for 13 to 15 year olds, held at
the 4-H Centre in Westerose, Alberta. Because of exceptional
interest in the program this year, a third week of programming
was added to accommodate over two hundred members
throughout the summer.
"We are excited that new programming was added to PDP this
year," explains Marguerite Stark, provincial 4-H programs
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Members participated in Shell Canada
Environmental Day and Lammle's Western Wear Personal
Development Day. These two days addressed specific issues
that are relevant to the delegates' lives." Shell Canada Limited
and Lammle's Western Wear are patrons of PDP, Alberta Pool is
also a strong supporter of the program.
This year's theme, Off the Beaten Path, encouraged members
to venture into unfamiliar territory and discover new things
about themselves and the world around them. In sessions and
group discussions, delegates were encouraged to be
themselves and discover how interacting with others can
encourage personal growth. Some of the activities and
challenges at PDP included staged hearings on a current
environmental issues, sessions on Alberta 4-H, Canada, self-
awareness, peer pressure, communication, and many fun
activities such as a talent show, dance, banquet, camp-out and
outdoor games.
"PDP is an excellent opportunity for 4-H'ers to network with
other members from around the province," adds Stark. "Small
group discussions and large group activities help members
grow in new skills and knowledge while building valuable
relationships."
The excited 4-H members who attended the program in its
first week in 1998 agree that PDP is an exciting and valuable
experience they will remember long into the future. Plans are
already underway for an exciting and challenging program in
1999.
For more information on 4-H projects and programs, visit the
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development web site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark
(403) 948-8510
Agri-ville report complete
Steppingstones Partnership Inc. of Edmonton has completed
the final report on the pilot project Agri-ville: On-Line Farm
Management Clubs. Agri-ville is an on-line farm management
club initiated by the Canada/Alberta Farm Business
Management Program (FBMP) that is designed to use Internet
technology to create a virtual community. Agri-ville is located
on the Internet at. www.agri-ville.com
"As of June 1998, Agri-ville had 952 members," says Craig
Smith, FBMP representative. "This well exceeds the initial
objective to have 200 members in the first pilot year. The
project has been extremely successful with over 152,000 hits
between March 18 and June 29, 1998."
The program evaluation shows some interesting
demographics. About 75 per cent of the members are men in
the 35 to 44 age category. A third had high school education, a
third had a college diploma and a third had a university
degree. Over half had farm revenues of $100,000 to $500,000.
At the time the report was completed, 69 per cent of the
members were from Alberta and the majority of the others
were from Saskatchewan and Manitoba.
"The best achieved objective was enabling farmers to use the
Internet as an educational, communications and marketing
tool," says Smith. "Also very important to the members was
the creation of an on-line community that provided easy
access to experts and training. The evaluation showed that
farmers are interested in access to timely information, the
ability to ask other farmers and experts questions and the
opportunity to 'chat' and exchange ideas."
Given the favorable response, Agri-ville is staying on-line for
another year. Improvements to meet client needs and to
increase the membership base are being made. This
agricultural site offers an excellent source of timely
information. For more information on Agri-ville, check the
on-line site or call FBMP representatives Craig Smith
(403) 626-3448 in Glenwood, Aria Trueblood (403) 954-3745
in Westlock, or Nan Bartlett (403) 835-4288 in Fairview.
Contact: Craig Smith
(403)626-3448
August 17, 1998 - page 7
Agri-News Briefs
Peas that make the grade
A new factsheet produced by Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development covers many of the strict guidelines for
achieving top grade in green peas. The lowest grade for human
consumption, Canada No. 2, requires that samples have no
more than one per cent other classes (off-types or admixture)
three per cent or less bleached seed and five per cent or less
total damage with minimum earth tag. There are other quality
factors used in green pea grading, but off-types, bleaching and
earth tag are the three main standards that if not met,
downgrade green pea samples to livestock feed. The market
for green peas is relatively stable and Albertans who grow and
harvest their crop with care can produce green peas that make
the grade. Several production 'dos' and 'don'ts' are listed in
Green Peas. Copies of the factsheet are available at Alberta
Agriculture district offices and at the publications office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton. AB T6H 5T6.
Farm Family Awards 1998
This year marks the 30"1 anniversary of the Alberta Farm
Family Awards. Recipients were judged on their farm (modern
farming practices, farming self-improvement, farmstead
appearance, family participation) and the family's work in and
support of their community. The northern 1998 Farm Family
Awards where sponsored by TELLS and Northlands Park.
Acknowledge at a luncheon during Klondike Days in
Edmonton, recipients this year, include:
• Earl and Sue Allen & Ward Allen and family, Jarvie
• Nick and Lillian Bezovie and family, Willingdon
• Paul and Francis Bogner and family, Berwyn
• Eric and Irene Boman and family, Valleyview
• Ken and Peggy Danyluk and family, Smoky Lake
• Bud and Esme Duncan and family, Rocky Mountain House
• Aaron and Audrey Falkenberg and family, Sherwood Park
• Andy and Leonie Frey and family. Peace River
• Michael and Mary Hayes and family, Worsley
• Joe and Elaine Kauffman and family. Tofield
• John and Linda Kirk and family, Abee
• Norman and Bonnice Lind and family Cherhill
• Ken and Inga Lueck and family, Gwynne
• Will and Cheryl Marx and family. High Prairie
• John and Jean Milne and family. Fairview
• Morris and Linda Movald and family, Breton
• Terry and Shirley Nichols and family. Castor
• William and Nikki Nychka and family, Beaverlodge
• Raymond and Brenda Pare and family, Wainwright
• Victor and Albina Pasemko and family, Redwater
• Randy and Charlaine Pasemko and family, Redwater
• Dave and Jean Prichard and family, Killam
• Arnold and Ivy Pugh and family, Ponoka
• Peter and Emily Sanocki and family, Eaglesham
• Ken and Ruth Sarin and family, Edson
• Victor and Elsie Saskiw and family, Innisfree
• Ray and Kathy Shandro and family, Andrew
• Simon and Dorothy Tiemstra and family, Neerlandia
• Lillian Wallis and Sons, Fort Assiniboine
• Garry and Josie Webber and family, Stony Plain
During Stampede week, the Calgary Stampede Stock Show and
the Bank of Montreal sponsored the southern Farm Families
Awards. Farm Families acknowledged include:
• Jim and Betty Doenz and family, Warner
• Francis and Bonnie Gardner and family, Nanton
• Joe and Nancy Jeffray and family, Airdrie
• Arne and Ernajohansen and family, Carseland
• Louis and Jean Latimer and family. Olds
• Randy and Anne Luehr and family, Taber
• Elroy and Edith 0 Hara and family, Foremost
• Gary and Delores Pearson and family, Delia
• Ken and Jean Pickett and family, Bassano
• Edward and Avis Robins and family, Blackie
• Barry and Sandy Schorr and family, Irvine
• Quentin and Anne Stevick and family, Pincher Creek
• David and Marie-Ann Takeda and family, Picture Butte
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale rJu Canada
III Hill II Ul
3 3286 51560 7840
Kgti-News
August 24, 1998
Special crops into the 21st
century
Speakers have been confirmed and leading edge topics
finalized for Opportunities and Profits II - Special Crops
into the 21st Century The conference, at the Convention Inn
in Edmonton on November 1 to 3. 1998. will offer those
interested in crop diversification extensive ideas and
networking opportunities.
Dr. Lyle Cracker, who has over 30 years of experience in the
special crops area, will open the conference with a talk on The
Potential for Crop Diversification in the Sew Millennium.
Dr. Cracker is a professor at the I'niversity of Massachusetts
teaching courses on herbs, spices and medicinal plants. He
organizes a I'niversity Herbfest annually to highlight research
in aromatic and medicinal plants. Research interests focus on
essential oil synthesis and composition of several herbs. Other
related interests involve natural products and their potential in
the future.
"Dr. Cracker will set the stage for several of the speakers the
first morning," says Dr. Stan Blade, special crops agronomist
with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
"Dr. Ernest Small from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada will
address the question Why is Diversification Important for
Canada''' A success story on diversification will be shared by
Dr. Al Slinkard from the I'niversity of Saskatchewan."
Participants can select sessions from four different streams on
Monday afternoon and Tuesday morning. Pulses, alternative
crops and medicinal plants are the three main topics. The
fourth choice covers a variety of topics: wildcrafting, potatoes,
hemp and canary seed are some of the sessions offered in the
stream titled the Next Millennium. A producer panel will share
their special crops experiences on Tuesday afternoon to close
the conference.
"The speakers include a good mix of producers, processors
and researchers." adds Blade. "Industry displays and
networking opportunities will give participants time for lots of
informal discussion."
More information and registration brochures are available at
any Alberta Agriculture district office, or call
Dr. Stan Blade (403) 422-1789, Wayne Goruk(403) 427-3122,
or Kathy Lowther (403) 556-4220.
Contact: Dr. Stan Blade (403) 422-1789
This Week
Special crops into the 21s' century 1
Alberta 4-H members venture to California 2
July, almost picture perfect 2
4-H horse enthusiasts province-wide attend Horse
Classic '98 3
Day-neutrals, berry delicious 3
1998 4-H Project Fair a huge success 4
Briefs 5
ASTl-JV6WS Publishin9 Branch< Tel: <403> «7-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861 /dlbCffG
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
August 24, 1998 - page 2
Alberta 4-H members venture to
California
From August 6 to 13, two Alberta 4-H members had the
unique opportunity to take part in the 1998 4-H California
Exchange, sponsored by the Canadian Imperial Bank of
Commerce (CIBC). Kirk Clark of Fawcett and Shandra Ramsay
of Bluffton were awarded the trip at the Provincial 4-H
Selections Program in May. Clark and Ramsay were selected
based on their leadership and interpersonal skills, community
and 4-H involvement.
"Members benefit in numerous ways from 4-H exchange
programs," says Marguerite Stark provincial 4-H programs
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "4-H'ers are able to learn about a different
geographical area, network with members from California,
build relationships, and experience a different culture."
The two delegates were treated to a send-off banquet on
August 6, hosted by CIBC, then boarded their plane for Davis,
California.
While in California, Clark and Ramsay attended the 1998
California 4-H Leadership Conference, August 7 to 9. As the
only Canadian representatives at the conference, the two
Alberta 4-H'ers joined California 4-H members and leaders in
dynamic sessions on facilitation, accessing resources, games
and various topics on leadership skills and strategies.
"The conference component of this exchange provides a
unique opportunity for the delegates to bring skills in
leadership and facilitation home to their own communities."
continues Stark. "The fun, cultural experience of travelling to
California, combined with the challenges of the conference,
make for an extremely valuable experience."
For the four days following the conference, Clark and Ramsay
were each hosted by a California 4-H family. They returned to
their Alberta homes on August 13.
For more information on 4-H Programs and Projects, visit the
Alberta Agriculture web site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Marguerite Stark Kirk Clark
(403) 948-8510 (403) 954-3932
Shandra Ramsey
(403) 843-3747
July, almost picture perfect
July started with near normal daytime temperatures, changing
to above normal temperatures during the second week.
Temperatures cooled to slightly below normal by mid-July The
above normal temperatures returned for the last part of the
month.
The Alberta provincial average temperature was 1.9 degrees
above the 1961 to 1990 average of 16.7 degree C.
July temperatures ranged from slightly above normal to
3 degrees C above normal. All regions reported above normal
temperatures. These averages are based on data recorded at
62 Environment Canada climate stations across Alberta.
"Growing degree day totals from April 1 to August 2 were about
four weeks ahead of normal in the Peace, northwest and
central regions, and about three weeks ahead in the southern
and northeast regions," says Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "This suggests an early harvest with little
concern about frost problems. Growing degree day totals are
used for comparing the progress of a growing season to the
long-term average and are useful for estimating crop
development stages and maturity dates."
June and July are usually the wettest months of the year in
Alberta. This July, the southern region reported above normal
precipitation while all other regions reported near to below
normal precipitation. Amounts of 20.8 to 164.4 mm, or 30 to
377 per cent of normal were reported. The Peace region and
northwest region and eastern parts of the southern region
were the driest parts of Alberta in July.
Claresholm reported the greatest precipitation departure with
164.4 mm or 377 per cent of normal. On the dry side,
Whitecourt reported 31-6 mm of precipitation in July, only
30 per cent of it's long term average.
The provincial average July precipitation of 60 mm was
10.1 mm below the 1961 to 1990 average of 70.1 mm.
You can find more details at Alberta Agriculture's Internet site:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/navigation/sustain/climate/
index.html
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
4-H horse enthusiasts province-
wide attend Horse Classic '98
With 120 members from 30 Alberta 4-H Light Horse Clubs and
75 volunteer leaders on hand, the 1998 Provincial 4-H Horse
Classic was a resounding success. The annual event, now in its
fourth year, continues to grow in popularity among 4-H
members, parents and leaders Many new faces and clubs
were at this year's event.
"This program provided an exciting and challenging three days
for the members and leaders in attendance." says Henry
Wiegman. provincial 4-H agriculture specialist with Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development "The program focus
encourages participation through 4-H members comparing
horse knowledge, enhancing skills and socializing with other
4-H horse project members."
"The participation focus of the program plus the support from
our two co-sponsors; Lammle's Western Wear and the United
Farmers of .Alberta, with patronage from Airdrie Trailer Sales
Ltd., gave all attending 4-H Horse project members the
opportunity to succeed." adds Wiegman.
Throughout the three-day program, members competed in
teams and as individual in junior, senior and specific age
categories. All members were entered in the Hipplogy class, a
contest that tested members' knowledge and skill in five
phases: knowledge stations, identification stations,
conformation and performance judging, a quiz and team
problems. The top four senior members in the Hippolog\
contest are chosen each year to be part of the Denver Western
4-H Horse Classic Award Trip January 6 to 13. 1999- The trip is
co-sponsored by Lammle's Western Wear and UFA. The four
senior members who will represent Alberta at the international
competition in Denver are: Christy Hoy of the Pembina North
Light Horse Club. Shell! Paulson of the Rainbow Riders 4-H
Light Horse Club (Stettler area). Kyley Johanson of the
Lakedell 4-H Light Horse Club and Adelle Peterson of the
Trochu Valley Riders 4-H Club.
Members also competed in an Illustrated Talk contest. In
teams and as individuals. 4-H'ers showed exceptional
demonstration skills and knowledge of equine subject matter.
In the Horse Bowl contest, teams of members answered
questions in a fast-paced and fun competition. On Friday
morning, the marketing competition allowed members to
demonstrate their communication skills in a simulated
industry situation. Marketers tried to sell a specified horse to a
panel of judges, drawing on their own knowledge and using
provided information. The marketers at Horse Classic showed
no lack of creativity and competence as many horses were
"sold" throughout the few hours of competition.
Learning opportunities came in many forms throughout the
program, beginning with Horse Industrv Workshops.
Participants heard from experts who gave demonstrations on
ranch horses, dressage and jumping and endurance riding.
August 24, 1998 -page 3
Horse Classic participants also had the opportunity to listen to
guest speaker Bill Gordon of Forse Consulting Services, Fort
Saskatchewan Gordon gave a motivational talk entitled
May the Forse Be WUb You Speaking from his own
experience, Gordon outlined ke\ components to personal
growth and success.
Horse Classic '98 concluded with an award ceremony that
recognized the accomplishments of the participants, as well as
the generous contributions of the sponsors and volunteers.
Hemic Ficner, United Farmers of Alberta, spoke to the
members and leaders at the program. "UFA is proud to be
associated with 4-H and programs such as Horse Classic We
believe this program and the members associated with it have
a significant place in .Alberta's future " Sincere appreciation
was expressed by the organizers and attendees of the program
to United Farmers of Alberta, Lammle's Western Wear, and
Airdrie Trailer Sales Ltd Plans are already underway for an
exciting program in 1999
For more information on 4-H programs and projects, visit the
Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development web site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Henry Wiegman Dwayne Grover
(403) 422-4444 (403) 782-5528
Day-neutrals, berry delicious
Alberta is the largest producer of day-neutral strawberries in
Canada with about 450 acres in production Alberta's cool
nights and the keen interest of market gardeners have enabled
the growth of this sector of the straw berry industry. While
many Alberta market gardeners grow both day-neutral and
Junebearer types of straw berries, other provinces grow mostly
Junebearer. These are available for only about three to four
weeks in June and into July.
" With Junebearers, flower initiation is dependent on the short
days of the previous fall and they fruit the following summer.
Flower initiation in day-neutrals is not day-length dependent,"
says Judy Butt, promotions manager for the Alberta Market
Gardeners .Association. "They produce some fruit in the early
summer, but warm summer temperatures slow down fruit
production in July and earlv August. Berry production
commences when temperatures are cooler again in mid- to
late August."
Alberta market gardeners have planted dav-neutral
strawberries in response to consumer demand for berries all
summer-long. There are usually just a few days between the
end of the harvest for Junebearers and the start of the day-
neutral harvest.
Conl d on page 4
August 24, 1998 - page 4
"Day-neutrals produce fruit from mid- to late August until
after a couple of hard frosts," says Butt. "Depending on the
year, day-neutrals can be picked as late as early October."
Day-neutral strawberries were first developed in California in
the 1970's. Varieties such as Tristar, Seascape and Fern grow
well in Alberta's late summer and fall climate and show higher
sugar content as the nights get cooler.
"Another tasty bonus of late strawberries is their flavour and
firmness," adds Butt. "That extra firmness makes for great
jams and preserves that can be enjoyed months from now.
And they're available when all kinds of fresh vegetables are
ready for harvest. A trip to an Alberta market garden means
getting strawberries and a variety of veggies in one easy trip!"
A list of Alberta's market gardens is available from all Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development district offices, the
publications office, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6
or by calling the Alberta Market Gardeners Association at 1-
800-661-2642.
Contact: Judy Butt
(403)826-1709
1998 4-H Project Fair a huge
success
The second annual 4-H Project Fair, held at Olds College
Campus July 29 to 31, was host to 36 4-H members and
1 5 leaders from across Alberta.
"The program was a huge success," says Lori McRae, 4-H
resource development coordinator with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Participants gained valuable
experience and knowledge through mini-sessions,
competitions and exchanging ideas with other 4-H members
and leaders from around the province."
Project Fair, a part of provincial 4-H Project Congress, is a
showcase of 4-H homemaking and non-livestock projects.
Members contribute their 4-H projects to a bench show and
competition, providing a colourful and interesting display
throughout the three-day program. A highlight of this year's
program was the Project Bowl, a fast-paced and fun
competition that tested team members' knowledge of projects.
Five 4-H members and one 4-H leader were also commended
for doing independent demonstrations for the participants at
the program. Fun activities at the program included a dance,
pizza party and structured recreation.
"Mini-sessions at Project Fair were an excellent opportunity for
members and leaders to learn about new project ideas and
club activities," says McRae. "Excellent resource staff
presented workshops and sessions on many topics: Agriculture
and the Internet, Christmas in July, Entrepreneur, Gifts from
the Kitchen, How to Build Beautiful Bones, Painting
Techniques, Rope Making and Woodworking. All of the
participants at Project Fair took new knowledge and fun ideas
from the sessions back to their clubs for the upcoming project
year."
In the concluding session at Project Fair, members were
joined by all Congress participants to hear from keynote
speaker Bill Gordon of Forse Consulting Services, Fort
Saskatchewan. Gordon gave a motivational talk entitled
May the Forse Be With You. Speaking from his own
experience, Gordon outlined key components to personal
growth and success.
"Project Fair combines fun activities, learning opportunities
and friendly competition to create a valuable experience for
the members and leaders who attend," continues McRae.
"We are encouraged by the program's growth, and are
optimistic about increasing participation and programming in
1999."
Project Fair is sponsored by Lammle's Western Wear, United
Farmers of Alberta and the Alberta 4-H Program Trust.
Contact: Lori McRae
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
August 24, 1998 -page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Interested in growing hemp?
Alberta Hemp Symposia Proceedings, a new publication
from Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, gives
information from a cross-section of specialists on hemp
production, processing and marketing. The book presents 17
papers that were given at two symposia held in Red Deer and
Edmonton in the spring of 1998. Albertans interested in
growing or processing low-THC industrial hemp will find this
85-page book helpful. It is said that fibre hemp could be
Canada's answer to cotton. In Europe, this high-yielding crop
is claimed to improve soil structure, suppress weeds and be
free from disease and pest problems. Included in the
publication are farmers' experiences over three years of farm
trials; value-added opportunities for hemp processors;
markets for industrial hemp; and, a look at some of the
50,000 products that can be made from hemp. Copies of
Alberta Hemp Symposia Proceedings cost $10. plus GST, from
the Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H
5T6. To order by phone, call toll free 1-800-292-5697. Please
add $2, plus GST. for shipping and handling for mail orders.
1998 Alberta Horticultural Congress
The 1998 Alberta Horticultural Congress and Prairie West
Trade Show are being held at the Mayfk Id Inn on November
12 to 14, 1998. This conference for professional growers offers
over 40 technical sessions Topics include:
• marketing of Prairie fruit
• panel of Saskatoon berry growers discussing harvesting,
irrigation, planting and fertilizing
• keynote speaker, Jeff Mowatt speaking on how to enhance
service and retain customers
• Prairie xeriscaping by Sara Williams
• how to handle PVO operations
• meeting the needs of the wholesale buyers - Wayne Haryett
• starting a herbs or cut flower business and growing and
marketing medicinal herbs
• high wire system for cucumbers - Simon Voogt. White
Rock B.C.
• propagating native wood plants - Ken Wright
Programs for the 1998 Congress will be available in
September. For further information, or to be added to the
mailing list, contact Shirley Alton at (403) 415-2324.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51535 1381
August 31, 1998
Potato quality contributes to
value-added processing
Growing high-quality potatoes for processing requires the best
soil, irrigation water, large on-farm capital and operating
investments, and intensive management. Alberta has all of
these requirements and they contribute to Alberta's booming
food processing industry.
"The high quality of processing potatoes grown by potato
producers in southern Alberta was instrumental in attracting a
world-scale potato processing plant to Alberta," says Give
Schaupmeyer. potato agronomist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Crop Diversification Centre
South (CDCS), Brooks.
Lamb-Weston, Inc., a Coa\gra company, is building a state-of-
the-art potato processing plant in southern Alberta. The
ground-breaking ceremony was held on Friday, July 31 at
the plant site 10 km east of Taber. Construction on the
$100 million plant is underway and will be completed by the
spring of 1999 The plant will produce frozen french fried
potatoes and other related frozen products.
The new Lamb-Weston plant will have a short and long-term
impact on AJberta's economy. In addition to the plant
construction cost, potato producers in southern Alberta will
spend between $20 and $25 million in the next year on new
on-farm storages. And each year they will spend between
$10 and $15 million on inputs to grow the potatoes for the
new Lamb-Weston plant.
"Three companies already operate potato processing plants in
Alberta." says Schaupmeyer. "Old Dutch Foods and FritoLay
manufacture potato chips in plants in Calgary and Taber.
Maple Leaf Potatoes produces frozen french fries and other
frozen potato products at their Lethbridge plant. Several
smaller processors make various potato products including
dehydrated potato granules. When the new plant is operating.
Alberta's potato processing plants will process between 300
and 400 thousand tons of raw potatoes annually with a farm-
gate value of about $40 million. The estimated value of potato
products processed in Alberta will be between $250 and
$300 million annually."
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Potato quality contributes to value-added
processing
1
1998 ATB provincial 4-H judging competition
2
Deadlines for AARI research projects
getting close
3
AARI research projects
3
Early harvest has its own problems
4
Does it pay to cover hay?
4
Briefs
6
Agri-News
Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
/dlberfa
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
August 31, 1998 -page 2
Quality and yield are important for potato processors and
growers alike. French fry processors require potatoes with
high dry matter as they produce crisp, mealy fries with low oil
content. Growers require high yields so they can pay for the
huge investments and annual operating costs.
"Growing high yields of quality potatoes requires large capital
and operational outlays," explains Schaupmeyer. "Potato
equipment and storage buildings cost between $3,000 and
$4,000 per acre of production. In addition to these
investments are the costs of land and irrigation systems that
range from about $1,500 to $2,500 per acre in southern
Alberta depending on location, soil type and irrigation systems.
New growers getting into potato production can reduce capital
expenses by purchasing good used equipment, however,
on-farm storages, which cannot be bought 'used', cost about
$125 per short ton or about $2,500 per acre of production."
Cash costs vary from farm to farm and year to year, but range
from about $1,200 to $1,600 per acre. These include annual
costs per acre of about $200 for seed, $ 1 50 for fertilizer,
$200 for pest management. Rent in the Taber area for potato
land was about $250 to $275 per acre in 1998.
Expenditures don't ensure a high yield of quality potatoes.
Field and storage management is intensive and small
deficiencies in inputs or the incorrect decisions at many
critical points can have a devastating affect on quality and
yield. Three- and four-year rotations and top-quality seed
reduce diseases. Adequate fertility and irrigation adds to both
yield and quality. Weeds, insects and diseases can all ravage an
expensive potato crop if allowed to flourish.
"To maintain growth and overall plant health, potato fields are
closely monitored from the time plants emerge until they are
killed by frost or foliage desiccants in the fall," adds
Schaupmeyer. "Potatoes require uniform moisture levels that
must be checked daily especially in the heat of summer when
total weekly use can exceed V/2 inches (40mm) of water. Many
sandy potato soils only contain about this much water in the
root zone and growers typically irrigate twice each week with
3/4 inch (20 mm) each application during peak growth during
hot weather. Most fertilizers are added prior to or at planting.
However, to ensure uniform growth and adequate nutrient
supplies for bulking, or tuber development, growers apply
nitrogen fertilizers through their irrigation systems. Growers
take tissue samples and soil samples every week or 10 days to
monitor the nutrient levels so that fertilizers are not wasted or
that the crop is never short of plant food. Based on the results
of these tests, fertilizers are added through the irrigation water
as required."
With the right management decisions and inputs, most
growers can expect to harvest between 15 and 25 tons per acre
of potatoes for processing.
Potatoes are processed right out of the field in summer, but
from October to July or even August, potatoes for french frying
must be stored in modern sophisticated storage buildings
where temperature and humidity are precisely controlled.
Contrary to common belief, protecting potatoes from frost is
not a main concern of potato growers. But stored tubers are
living organisms that breath and generate heat that must be
dissipated by complex ventilation systems that control tuber
temperature. Without adequate humidity, stored tubers shrink,
which reduces quality and yield. High humidity increases the
risk of condensation on the roof which can drip onto the crop
and cause serious storage rot losses. Condensation is
controlled with thick roof insulation and air flow.
Contact: Clive Schaupmeyer (403) 362-/314
Fax: (403) 362-1306
e-mail: schaupm @agric.gov. ab. ca
1998 ATB provincial 4~H judging
competition
Olds College could hardly contain the excitement and
enthusiasm of the 80 4-H'ers who gathered on campus for the
Alberta Treasury Branches Provincial 4-H Judging Competition.
August 7 to 9 "This is a very high-caliber competition,"
explains Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H agriculture specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"Members qualify to come here by judging livestock at the
regional level. This means that all of the competitors are
among the best young livestock judges in the province."
"The focus of this program is the development of skills that
will make 4-H members successful in the livestock industry,"
continues Wiegman. "Members learn to make judgements on
the quality of livestock, develop oral communication and
marketing skills, make and defend decisions, practice written
communication, and develop personal confidence." Unlike
many competitions, 4-H Provincial Judging equips competitors
before they enter the ring with instruction by official judges
and industry experts. This year, participants had the
opportunity to listen to seminars on judging sheep, swine,
horses, dairy cattle, beef cattle, how to answer recall questions
and how to give oral reasons. Competitors judged 13 classes in
total, giving oral and written reasons on various classes of the
five species. The delegates at the program impressed officials
at the competition with the high quality of judging presented.
Sunday morning, an awards banquet concluded the
competition. The top 17 judges at the ATB Provincial 4-H
Judging Competition were chosen to represent Alberta at
National and International judging competitions throughout
the year. The Northern International Livestock Exhibition and
the International 4-H Judging Seminar at Agribition in
November, Denver Western Round-Up and Denver National
Cont'd on page J
Western Stock Show in January of 1999 will all have
representation from Alberta by the top judges from this
program. Members were presented with their awards b\ K.i\
Montroy of Alberta Treasury Branches; Olds This program was
sponsored exclusively by Alberta Treasury Branches and
hosted by Olds Agricultural Society.
Contact: Henry Wiegman
(403) 422-4444 (4H4H)
Deadlines for AARI research
projects getting close
Submission deadlines for the Alberta Agricultural Research
Institute (AARI) grant programs are quickly approaching The
provincial corporation enhances the contribution of the
agriculture and food industry to Albertans through research
and technology transfer.
"AARI coordinates and funds research conducted in the private
sector, the universities and government research centres
said Dr. Ralph Christian, AARI executive director. "An average
of $1 1 million per year flows through AARI in support of
research and technology transfer efforts that benefit
Albertans."
The benefits the industry receives from the research and new
technologies are passed on to consumers who enjoy high
quality, safe food. In addition, new employment and wealth are
generated for Albertans.
AARI funds research with distinct emphasis on innovative
projects aimed at increasing the global competitiveness and
profitability of Alberta's agriculture and food industry,
improving the environmental sustainability of the industry,
developing new commodities and value-added products and
generating scientific information and technology
Vie wouldn't be where we are today without the financial
support of AARI," commented Kevin Kelly, controller at Quality
Fast Foods in Edmonton. "Together with the researchers at the
Leduc Food Processing Development Centre and the University
of Alberta, we pioneered modified atmosphere packaging
technology. This extended the shelf life of refrigerated
sandwiches from five to 35 days." The research was conducted
in the early 1 990 ' s and. since then. Quality Fast Foods has
grown from 12 employees to close to 100. The company's
product is shipped across Canada and the Pacific Northwest
USA. Quality Fast Foods sandwiches are found in convenience
stores, schools, and Price-Costco.
Aimed at developing new knowledge, technology and
management practices that reduce the impact of the
agriculture and food industry on the environment, the
research component of the .Alberta Environmentally
August 31, 1998 -page 3
Sustainable Agriculture (AESA) program is also managed by
AARI. Applications for funding must be received by
November 1. 1998
The call for proposals for both the Fanning for the Future
Matching Grants and Direct Funding programs will go out soon
with a deadline of November 1, 1 998 The Matching Crams
Program stimulates private sector support for agricultural
research by offering to match funds contributed bv private
industrv for approved projects. A recent studv of A\RI
Matching Grant projects covering a wide array of agriculture
commodities and resources showed that, for every taxpayer
dollar invested in the research $78 is returned to Alberta All
the evaluated projects contained additional matching funds
from private sector. The total funds amounted to over
$2.3 million and this investment returned over $200 million
to the agriculture and food industry and society.
Contact: Dr. Ralph Christian
(403) 422-1072
AARI Research Projects
In 1997/98, AARI funded close to 200 research projects under
a diverse range of agricultural commodities and interests.
These include beef and dairy; cereals and oilseeds; forage,
pulse, vegetable and other crops; policy economics and
marketing; pork, poultry, sheep and other livestock and
resource conservation. A majority of projects are funded
through matching contributions with industry. In addition.
1 14 on-farm demonstration projects were funded b\ .AARI in
1997/98.
In 1998/99. 31 beef and dairy research projects are under way
with help from AARI. .Also funded through AARI are: 38 cereals
and oilseeds projects: 38 forage, pulse, vegetable and other
crops projects: eight policy, economics and marketing
projects; 35 pork, poultry, sheep and other livestock projects;
and 24 resources conservation projects.
The .Alberta Agricultural Research Institute also commits funds
directly to beef industry research, such as the Canada Alberta
Beef Industry Development Fund (BIDF) research program.
The purpose of this program is to financially support protects
that contribute to the improvement of beef production
efficiency, profitability and long term sustainability of the
industry. The due date for the last submission of pre-proposals
for the BIDF program is October 15, 1998.
As well, AARI is responsible for managing the research
component of the Canadian Beef Industry Development Fund
(CBIDF). a national beef research funding program financed
by the Canadian beef industry Submissions for CBIDF were
received July 31. 1998 The Value-Added Technology Transfer
program supports the transfer of new technology or innosatne
products from research laboratories to .Alberta's value-added
Conl d on page J
August 31, 1998 -page 4
agri-food processing industry. Approved projects are funded on
50/50 cost-shared basis with industry partners. Applications
are accepted year round.
The expected results of AARl's investment in research are
advances in knowledge and technology that have the potential
to improve industry productivity, income and employment,
making a significant contribution to the prosperity and well
being of Albertans.
Contact: Dr. Ralph Christian
(403) 422-1072
Early harvest has its own
problems
The early harvest this year has caused a lot less stress for
farmers. This doesn't seem to apply to everyone though. Even
an early harvest brings its own set of decisions to make. After
all the worries of getting the crop this far, a small error could
wipe out much of the profit.
"Crop maturity, or when to cut is the most common question
of the day," says Ron Hockridge, crop specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Wetaskiwin.
"Gauging crop maturity was expected for canola, but it appears
to be a problem in cereals too. While no one can give a definite
answer on the best time to harvest, there are some opinions.
"The biggest problem in canola this year stems from uneven
emergence. Most of the canola crop was seeded earlier than
normal. In many cases the seed was broadcast onto dry soil
and harrowed in. Some canola germinated right away but most
stands were thin and patchy due to the lack of spring rain. A
decent rain three weeks later led to germination of seeds still
in the soil and most canola fields filled out to adequate plant
populations. These plants were three weeks later than the
early emerging crop. They caught up to some extent but are
probably still a week to ten days further away from the ideal
swathing stage. Some fields did not finish filling out until the
big rains started near the end of June."
The ideal stage for swathing is supposed to be when 30 to
40 per cent of seeds have started to turn colour. However, with
Argentine varieties it's possible to swath at 10 to 15 per cent
colour change if weather conditions dry the crop down slowly.
For Polish varieties, 20 to 25 per cent colour change is more
appropriate. For the fields with two stages of crop, it can be left
until 40 per cent colour change on the early emerged plants
before it looses too much from shelling. By that time, there
should be 10 per cent colour change in the later crop.
"In these cases, a judgement on which end will create greatest
losses needs to be made," says Hockridge. "It is probably not
worthwhile waiting on the plants that germinated at the end of
June because they are not likely to ripen in time.
"With cereal crops, the late growth of tillers is causing the
most concern. Under dry conditions plants only put on the
number of tillers they were able to support. When rain and
better growing conditions came along, they developed more
tillers. The two main factors to consider here are when the
tiller started growing and characteristics of the variety being
grown. Tillers that appeared on wheat the first week in July are
unlikely to mature so it's better to cut these crops as soon as
the main stems are ready. Wheats generally stand up very well
and they do not shell readily, so it's possible to wait for some
tillers to ripen. Varieties of barley with bent over heads can
lose much of their yield if left too long. While it's alright to wait
on a variety like Earl, Falcon should be swathed on time. It's
important to know the variety to make the judgement."
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403) 361-1240
Does it pay to cover hay?
In many areas of Alberta, this year's hay crop is coming in
strong with yields as good or better than average. Markets are
under speculation with prices still being established. Although
there was some carry-over from last year, the demand by
drought stricken farmers in the east will use up any extra feed
grown in Alberta and this demand is good for prices.
"A question that producers need to answer for themselves is
whether a bale shed or tarps for round bales are a justifiable
expense," says Ken Ziegler, beef specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Rocky Mountain
House. "In a market of abundance, sellers need every possible
edge to make a product attractive to buyers. This edge not only
establishes a reasonable price but helps establish the sale.
After all, a sale at market value is still better than no sale at all.
It's the edge that is critical when marketing to a distant buyer
who needs assurances on the condition of the hay being sold."
When hay is too plentiful, the possibility exists to keep hay over
the winter into the following spring or for sale into the next
year's feeding season. A hay stack then becomes an object of
speculation. Is it better to sell now or hold out for a slightly
better price? One question that must be asked is whether or
not the quality of the hay can be kept so that the hay still has
value to the buyer.
"In a year of feed abundance and being in a selling situation,
the value of covering hay is immense," says Ziegler. "When
considering the amount already invested in land, fertilizer,
machinery and labor, the extra expense in covering the stack
must be weighed against the significant dividends that could
be realized."
Conl d on page 5
The decision of whether to build a bale shed or use iarps also
needs to be considered Hay sheds are relatively major capital
investments but. once built, can last for many years without
repair costs.
"Bale sheds are also very convenient for machinery access for
stacking or retrieving hay." adds Ziegler "They are also very
versatile for storing machinery, lumber or recreational
equipment when not used for storing hay. Sheds can also be
excellent tax write-offs in years of abundant income.
"Tarps, on the other hand, are versatile in their capital cost
and the ability to change location of the stacks. They allow feed
to be left in the field and still be covered. Tarps don't last as
long as sheds but their per-ton-of-feed-covered cost is not as
great. Cost savings need to be offset with the added labor of
covering the stack each year and removing the tarps when
accessing feed."
The short answer in this decision is that it does pay to cover
hay for several reasons. Some of these reasons include:
• covering hay preserves it from rain damage:
• it allows producers to sell more feed after long-time
storage;
• it puts the producer in a stronger selling position in times
of abundant feed;
• it allows storing feed through a time of poor hay prices;
• it allows producers to command premium prices in the
market place; and.
• it lets producers buy feed when the price is low and store it
away for winter feeding.
"The majority of Alberta's feed hay is fed to beef cattle," adds
Ziegler. "The issue of covering feed is critical to every cow-calf
producer."
Contact: Ken Ziegler
(403) 845-8200
August 31, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51535 1506
Opportunities and profits...
Albertans interested in special crops can mark November 1 to
3, 1998 on their calendars. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, in consultation with industry, has planned a
Special Crops Conference, Opportunities and Profits in
the 21s' Century, that will be held at the Convention Inn,
Edmonton. The goal of the conference is to inform
participants about practical information related to the field
scale production, processing, value-added and marketing of
special crops. The conference is an opportunity to: learn about
agricultural fibre possibilities and new crop innovations;
explore commercial opportunities with native species of
special crops; learn about opportunities in medicinal plant
production and processing and other nutraceuticals; find out
how to manage the information explosion; and, network with
producers, marketers, processors and agri-business people.
Conference registration fee is $125 prior to October 1, 1998
and $150 after October 1 (GST exempt). Make cheques
payable to Alberta Agricultural Research Institute (AARI).
Registration form and fee can be mailed to Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Central Program Support,
#306, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6. For
further information, contact Wayne Goruk (403) 427-3122,
Dr. Stan Blade (403) 422-1789 or Kathy Lowther
(403) 556-4220. For toll free access in Alberta, dial 310-0000
first.
Farm Family Awards 1998
(correction)
During this year's Calgary Stampede International Stock Show,
Minister of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
Ed Stelmach, along with Mike Casey, Calgary Stampede
director, and Pam Robertson, Alberta senior vice-president of
the Bank of Montreal, presented the annual Farm Family
Awards to 13 southern Alberta families. Southern Farm
Families acknowledged include:
• Don & Judy Chapman, Lethbridge
• Ron & Donna Davis, Cowley
• Jim & Ann Geldreich, Bow Island
• James &Joan Graham, Brooks
• Hartley & Hannah McDonald, Vulcan
• Peter & Netta Huvenaars, Hays
• Clifford & Betty Larsen and Harvey & Marie Larsen,
Standard
• Cecil &Joy Longson, High River
• Hugh & Betty Lynch-Staunton, Lundbreck
• Don & Elaine Moe, Morrin
• Mike & Tom Morkin, Claresholm
• Donald & Gayna Welsh, Milk River
• Daryl & Evelyn Winkler, Calgary
Toadflax control in direct seeding
Toadflax is a noxious weed in annual crops and pastures in
Alberta. It is a perennial weed, spread by a creeping root
system or by seed, that originated in the steppes of
southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia and was probably
introduced to the Peace River area in the 1920s as a
contaminant in alfalfa seed. To provide information on this
weed, a new factsheet Toadflax Control in Direct Seeding
(Agdex 519-18) has been produced by Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. The factsheet, part of the Direct
Seeding series, includes information on identifying the weed,
control and prevention of toadflax. Copies are available free
from all Alberta Agriculture district offices and from the
Publications Office, 7000 - 1 13 Street Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Agri -Pfews
September 7, 1998
ALPS takes action in
compromised farm animal issue
Overseeing the responsible and humane care of livestock in
Alberta is the mandate of the new Alberta Livestock Protection
System (ALPS). One of the first initiatives ALPS is focusing on
is the issue of compromised livestock and the handling of
these animals.
"A compromised animal is one that is injured, in poor health,
weak or suffering debilitating conditions," says Dr. Ray Fenton,
head of Animal Welfare for Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Good husbandry practices in Alberta have
reduced the number of compromised farm animals, however,
animals do become sick or injured. When addressing animal
health, producers must act responsibly."
Under no circumstances are compromised animals to be
marketed through nor transported to auction markets. These
compromised animals should be humanely disposed of
through appropriate channels available to producers.
Recommendations for the humane disposition of
compromised livestock are in place in Alberta. The Codes of
Practice for the Care and Handling of Farm Animals
are available for all livestock and farmed deer. They outline
recommended procedures for handling compromised
livestock and are used as guidelines by enforcement agencies.
Hogs, beef cattle, dairy cattle, veal calves, horses, sheep and
poultry all have their own Code of Practice. Copies of these
Codes can be obtained from the respective provincial livestock
organizations.
Alberta's Animal Protection Act has recently undergone a
major revision. The maximum fine for conviction under the
Act was increased to $20,000. Alberta Farm Animal Care
(AFAC), representing Alberta's livestock industry, supports this
maximum penalty increase
"Livestock producers will not ignore nor defend any inhumane
treatment of the animals in our care." says Peter Schuld. AFAC.
chairman and dairy and beef cattle producer. "Responsible
animal care is a priority for Alberta producers. This penalty
increase is a reflection of this priority ajid the attitude of our
rural communities."
Quit d on page J
This Week
ALPS takes action in compromised farm animal
issue 1
Deadline extended for comments on Draft Irrigation
Districts Act 2
Special crops the wave of the future 3
Greenhouse clean-up 3
Greenhouse problems to watch for 4
Advance planning for winter feeding 4
To swath or not to swath? 5
Farm machinery fires - a harvest hazard 5
Briefs 6
Coming agricultural events 7
A$L*1~JVCWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbdtQ
- . , m-jT^ •■ . AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agnnews Editor e-mail: agnnews aagric.gov.ab.ca rural development
September 7, 1998 - page 2
There are different degrees of compromise and producers
must determine whether an animal can be salvaged. If the
animal cannot be used because of food quality reasons or due
to humane reasons, it should be euthanized on the farm.
Slaughter options for animals that can be used include
emergency slaughter on the farm/feedlot for very weak,
downers, or animals with broken legs that should not be
loaded; or transporting the live animal using special provisions
directly to the closest licensed slaughter facility.
"When a producer has a compromised animal, a number of
decisions must be made," says Fenton. "Some of the factors
that must be considered are food safety, humaneness and
economics. It makes no sense to transport and try to market
an animal that has a condemnable condition. Guidelines are
set up to help producers who find themselves with a
compromised animal make the necessary decisions. Anyone
who loads and transports animals is subject to federal and
provincial livestock transportation regulations and are legally
responsible for the animals being transported."
In Alberta, mobile butcher services are available to provide
on-site slaughter service. This service provides another option
for producers who have compromised animals that should not
be transported. If an animal is butchered on-site, the meat
and organs can only be used by the owner and immediate
household, they cannot be sold.
"Under provincial policy, there is provision for killing an
animal on the farm and selling the meat within the province,
if done properly," explains Fenton. "In order for the meat from
animals killed on-site to be eligible for sale, an antemortem
inspection of the live animal by a veterinarian is required. This
inspection must be carried out immediately prior to stunning.
If the live animal passes antemortem inspection, it may then
be stunned and bled.
"Bled-out animals must then be delivered by the owner or the
mobile butcher service to a provincially licensed abattoir
within 30 minutes from the time of stunning. Skinning,
evisceration and post-mortem inspection must be done at the
abattoir. A written, signed copy of the antemortem inspection,
that includes time of inspection, stunning and bleeding, must
accompany the carcass."
The livestock industry is growing in Alberta and humane
treatment of livestock is a priority. .ALPS is a pro-active
initiative and clearly demonstrates the industry's commitment
to animal care. It is a partnership of Alberta Agriculture, AFAC
and the Alberta Society for the Prevention of the Cruelty to
Animals (Alberta SPCA).
As the enforcement arm of the newly-created ALPS, the Alberta
SPCA has recently hired three new constables. Their seven
constables, located in Strathmore, Edmonton and Fairview,
enforce the Animal Protection Act, investigating animal abuse,
neglect and cruelty cases across Alberta. The constables will be
increasing their inspection visits to auction markets across the
province. The Alberta SPCA anticipates that future convictions
for animal cruelty in Alberta will result in substantial increases
in penalties.
ALPS was created in direct response to growing public and
producer concern for an effective, accountable and
coordinated province-wide program targeting animal care.
Increasingly, animal welfare is becoming a trade issue. Alberta
is a world leader in humane treatment of farm animals, a
reputation livestock producers value highly.
Toll free numbers have been set up by AFAC and the Alberta
SPCA to provide further information and to receive calls
concerning farm animal health and care. Representatives of
AFAC can be reached at 1-800-506-CARE (2273) and the
Alberta SPCA number is 1-800-445-9003.
Contact: Dr. Ray Fenton (403) 427-4615
Deadline extended for
comments on Draft Irrigation
Districts Act
The September 15, 1998 deadline for comments on the
proposed draft Irrigation Districts Act, which will govern the
operations of irrigation districts, has been extended by the
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Ed
Stelmach.
"The deadline for comments is now October 15, 1998," says
Stelmach. "Many people have indicated that harvesting
operations have not allowed them to study the proposed
legislation and make their comments known to the
Department. We want to ensure that all comments and
concerns of irrigation district board members, producers and
the public are made to us before we proceed with the final
draft."
This important legislation governs the operation of the
1 3 irrigation districts in southern Alberta. They service more
than 1,250,000 acres of irrigated land and provide reliable
water supplies to 48 communities and thousands of rural
residences.
The draft legislation has been available to the public for review
and comment since July 14, 1998. Introduced of a new bill is
expected during the Spring 1999 Legislature Session.
"I want to be sure that interested parties have enough time to
review this draft legislation and make their comments to us
before we proceed to develop the final bill," adds Stelmach.
"We want to ensure that the new legislation meets the needs of
Albertans well into the next century."
Copies of the draft are available from Alberta Agriculture's
Policy Secretariat (403) 422-2070. Government numbers are
toll free in Alberta by dialing 310-0000 and then the number.
Contact: Ron Glen Brian Colgan
(403) 427-2137 (403) 422-4596
September 7, 1998 - page 3
Special crops the wave of the
future
Twenty years ago bright yellow fields of canola made people
ask "Vihat's that7" Ten years ago acre upon acre of field peas
aroused the same question. What will be the profitable crop in
the 21st century' To get some insight into the answer to this
question, plan to attend the Special Crops Conference -
Opportunities and Profits in the 21st Century.
This conference will be held at the Convention Inn in
Edmonton on November 1 to 3 You'll have an opportunity to
hear producers, researchers and industry representatives
share their ideas on future crop possibilities. You'll have time
to see displays, and meet with other producers. You' II hear
some diversification ideas for your farm.
The conference begins Monday morning with several excellent
speakers who will focus on potential crop diversification
opportunities. On Monday afternoon and Tuesday morning
you'll have a chance to focus on specific topics. If your interest
lies in pulse crops, you can hear six speakers share their
experience. Another stream focuses on medicinal plants. You
can learn about botanical-based pharmaceuticals, ginseng,
echinacea and what the buyers are looking for in medicinal
crops.
Several sessions focus on spices in the Alternative Field Crops
session. Learn what buyers are looking for world-wide or hear
about the success of Spitz Sunflowers from owner Tom Droog.
A variety of topics will be presented in the session titled The
Next Millennium. Wildcrafting, dry beans, potatoes and canary
seeds are a few of the topics. And if you think hemp will be the
"canola" crop of the future you'll want to hear Stan Blade's
talk on "Is There Hope for Hemp"?
New value added initiatives is one of the conference topics.
How you assess the feasibility of a new venture will be
presented by Kathy Lowther . a business development
specialist. A panel discussion "Is Diversification an Option?"
concludes the conference.
For more information on this conference, pick up a
registration brochure at any Alberta Agriculture district office.
Contact Wayne Goruk Dr. Stan Blade
(403) 427-3122 (403) 422-1780
Kathy Lowther
(403) 556-4220
Greenhouse clean-up
As the autumn is getting closer it is the right time to start
thinking about clean up in greenhouses Sanitation is a vers
important element of the pest and disea>e prevention
program. It is essential to minimize conditions that allow pests
to enter greenhouses and survive from crop to crop
"Vhen the crop is finished, remove plants from the
greenhouse, clean up plant residues and dispose by burning,
burying or hauling away," says Dr. Mohvuddm Mir/a.
greenhouse crops specialist, with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development. Crop Diversification Centre North,
Edmonton. "The weeds that hide under the benches and
escape detection are the major source of insect problems.
Whiteflies and spider mites can easily survive and over- winter
on those weeds and on twines and clips as well."
Starting new plants in a greenhouse with an existing crop
should be avoided. If there is a high pest infestation, applv a
pesticide to plants in the greenhouse before removing them -
this will prevent spreading of pests to other greenhouses
during removal process.
"Commonly recommended chemicals for crop clean up do not
completely eliminate all the pests." says Kris Pruski.
entomologist with Alberta Agriculture "There are several
factors that should be taken under consideration:
temperature, strength of the product, wettability, action time,
humidity and water quality. Very hard waters have alkaline pH
and that may reduce the effectiveness of insecticides and
pesticides. Washing the greenhouse with water and soap
proved to be effective especially with high pressure jets. Then-
are several chemicals which can be used for clean up
including Dibrom. Thiodan. Diazinon. Lannate, DDVR
Remember to follow the proper rate (on the label). These
chemicals have longer lasting residues and will strongly affect
biological control agents. Please, allow enough time before
introducing biologicals to your new plantings
It has also been observed that an application of a
0.5% solution of household bleach or an ammonium
compound i.e. Germex is very effective in cleaning. Caution:
DO NOT MIX bleach and ammonia compounds - a hazardous
chlorine gas may result. Use either bleach or ammonia
separately. Yirkon is another registered chemical for
greenhouse cleaning between crops.
"Greenhouse operators should also remember to clean up
irrigation lines," adds Jim Calpas, greenhouse crops specialist
with Alberta Agriculture. Crop Diversification Centre South.
Brooks. "The best cleaning solution is a diluted acid at a pH of
two. Allow the solution to stay in the lines for 24 hours and
then flush with water."
Contact. Dr Mobyuddin Mirza Jim Calpas
(403) 425-2303 (403) 362-1312
Kris Pruski
(403) 415-2316
September 7, 1998 - page 4
Greenhouse problems to
watch for
This year has probably been the worst on record for Lygus
bugs in field crops, especially canola crops. Lygus bugs can
also move into and become a problem in greenhouse crops,
primarily cucumbers and peppers. Growers have also reported
seeing them on chrysanthemums and other ornamental
crops.
"Lygus bugs are comprised of a number of species of similar,
but distinct bugs," says Jim Calpas, greenhouse specialist with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Crop
Diversification Centre South (CDCS), Brooks. "The adults are
about six millimetres long and three millimetres wide and
range from pale green to reddish brown in color. They have a
distinctive "V" shaped mark on the upper centre of their
backs. Adult lygus bugs are good fliers and will quickly move
and fly away when approached. Young lygus bugs (nymphs)
are wingless and are light green in color."
Both adult and nymphs feed at the growing points of
greenhouse crops by inserting their piercing and sucking
mouthparts into the young tissue. Feeding damage may
eventually kill the growing points of the plants. Feeding on
pepper fruit can also cause deformed fruit.
"In past years, the incidence of lygus bugs in greenhouses has
peaked during mid to late summer. Even this late in the
season, growers should be on the look-out," says Calpas.
Late blight has been confirmed in commercial potato fields in
Alberta. Greenhouse tomato growers should be aware that late
blight, caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans, can also
infect tomato plants. There is the possibility that late blight
spores can move in to greenhouse tomato crops from nearby
potato fields or even garden potato plots.
"Late blight is usually a disease that does well under cool, wet
conditions," says Calpas. "However, some aggressive strains
have adapted to hot, wet conditions and this is apparently the
type of late blight that Alberta potato growers are faced with
this year."
The first symptoms on tomato plants are irregular, water-
soaked, green-black spots on the edges and tips of older
leaves. Under humid conditions these areas expand rapidly
causing the collapse of the leaflets and leaves. Fruit infection
can also occur as green-brown, water soaked spots spread
across the surface of the fruit.
"It is also time to take note of tomato fruit cracking
problems," says Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crop
specialist, Alberta Agriculture, Crop Diversification Centre
North (CDCN). Edmonton. "Fruit cracking is generally due to
irregular watering practices and when watering is started when
the plants are not actively transpiring."
If you notice any of these types of symptoms occurring in
greenhouse crop, contact the CDC South (403) 362-1300 or
CDC North (403) 422-1789 in Edmonton, as soon as possible.
Contact: Jim Calpas Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza
(403) 362-1312 (403) 415-2303
Kris Pruski
(403) 415-2316
Advance planning for winter
feeding
When it comes to a winter feeding plan, the benefits of early
planning are many.
"Most producers think about how much feed is going to be
needed to carry a herd through an Alberta winter and plan
accordingly," says Brian Koberstein, intensive livestock
operations engineer with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Barrhead. "Taking the next step beyond that is
where benefits to an operation come in."
There are a few questions that, asked early can put producers
in a position to capitalize on opportunities in the marketplace.
For instance knowing:
• how good is the feed on hand?
• where will different classes of roughage or grains best be
used?
• is there an opportunity to market surplus or high quality
feed?
• is there a need to purchase supplemental feeds:
• are there alternatives to supplemental feeds that could be
considered?
"Knowing the quality of feed early enough to manage it
properly is a huge benefit," says Koberstein. "It can mean that
hay with a higher protein level can be targeted into a post-
calving ration or that some straw can be rationed in when
using this high quality hay on dry cows. This situation can
even allow for some feed to be sold.
"The same can be said if testing shows that hay quality is
poorer than expected. Supplemental feeding or mixing in grain
ensures that a cattle herd can maintain good condition
throughout the winter."
It is easy to fall into a 'feeding rut'. Evaluating the winter
program should be done annually. While it takes a little time,
being prepared for the winter feeding period early is always a
positive step to take.
"The overall feeding period goal is to meet production goals as
efficiently as possible," adds Koberstein. "The chance of
achieving this goal increases as the awareness of feed quality,
quantity and price increases. Both over-feeding and under-
feeding can be avoided."
Contact: Brian Koberstein (403) 361-1240
September 7, 1998 - page 5
To swath or not to swath?
W ith the variability in field maturity within a field this year, the
bin question is what to do with canola crops. Swath early and
take advantage as the first flush of the crop matures, and hope
the rest matures along with it? Wait for the later maturing
plants and hope the more mature seed stays in the podv Look
at preharvest weed control? Let the crop stand and straight
combine?
"This year, it's important to look at crop stages and potential of
each - the first thing is to get a good assessment of what each
crop is like and the proportion in each stage," says Jay Byer,
crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Get out of the truck for this check. It is easv to
be misled both ways by the color of the field this year, so the
evaluation must be done by opening some pods. Very often a
crop that's turning color will still be full of only green seeds,
but it can also be that fields where the plants look green have
good seed change in the majority of the crop."
Get right into the field and start opening pods of the various
stages of the canola. Open pods through the entire main stem
of Argentine or Polish canola. Polish seeds tend to mature the
same throughout the stem: Argentine will mature faster at the
bottom than at the top of the main stem.
"An Argentine canola plant that is ready to swath will have
good color change on the seeds at the bottom of the main
stem, roughly one third of the seeds with at least a touch of
color change on the middle third of the main stem, and the
top could have all green, but hard seeds," says Byer. "The
standard recommendation is that the field should be started
slightly earlier than this stage, so that the majority of the crop
is cut at the right stage of maturity. Look at plants in all the
various stages of maturity to help make the swathing
decision."
The potential of each stage must be evaluated. With a variety of
maturity stages in the field, decisions are sometimes a
challenge. This is where the color of the field is important
Once maturity is assessed, the proportion or percentage of the
plants that are at each stage must be determined. Within a
single field, the color of the plants indicates the relative
maturity, however, the color that indicates ripeness can vary
considerably from field to field. To get some idea of the yield
potential of each stage, consider the pods on the main stem
and the amount of branching. This should be an indication of
which stage has the most yield potential. That is the stage
producers should try hardest to keep.
"To look for the proportion of each stage, drive around the
perimeter of the field, and look for the proportion of each
stage through the whole area." adds Byer. "Knowing the
proportion of each flush and the potential yield of each flush
helps when making decisions on how many flushes can be
reliably expected to get into the bin."
Polish tends to last longer before shelling out. but is more
susceptible to alternana This means that waiting to catch tin-
last maturing plants may not always be a paving proposition
Be aware that swathing a crop that is too green may reduce
seed size, cause some green seed problems in extremely hot
weather conditions and cause potential downgrading If there
is too much green crop in the field, waiting to avoid grade
reduction may be necessary.
"Reallv late plants within an otherwi.se mature crop will not
make seed and may increase the time it takes the swath to dry
down." says Byer. "The seeds will likely shrivel up and will be
blown out the back end of the combine Waiting for them will
likely only result in losses in the rest of the crop and would
only be worth waiting for if they are by far the majority of the
crop and there is a good chance of them maturing before frost
hits."
A frost would lock in the remaining chlorophyll and has the
potential to reduce grade. Preharvest weed control may help
speed dry dow n time, especially if there are lush weeds in the
crop. Preharvest weed control will also help when straight
combining a crop, a practice becoming more common in
Polish canola. Producers are also trying this harvest method in
Argentine without too much yield loss, provided the crop is
even and well knitted together.
Contact: Jay Byer
(403) 826-3388
Farm machinery fires - a
harvest hazard
Recent weather in the province has for the most part been hot
and dry While this means that harvest season started a little
early this year, it also means that conditions are right for
combine fires.
"Each year, farm equipment fires cause millions of dollars in
damages in Alberta and most of these occur during the harvest
season." says Solomon Kyeremanteng. head of Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development's farm safety
program. "When conditions are dry, grain dust and chaff can
easily build up in tractor or combine motors These highly
combustible products can and do result in equipment fires.
Awareness and preparedness are the key to making sure that
an equipment fire doesn't get out of control."
Most equipment fires begin in the engine area. Almost half of
the reported machinery fires are caused by mechanical or
electrical failures or malfunction, including short circuits and
worn parts. But it is agricultural products (such as straw, hay.
grain, chaff) that are most often initially ignited Electrical
insulation and combustible or flammable liquids and gases
are ranked the second and third most commonly ignited
materials in farm machinery fires.
Conl d on pugc 6
September 7, 1998 - page 6
Observing some routine precautions can give Alberta farmers
a safety edge against equipment fires:
• check combine and tractor wiring to ensure there are no
worn electrical connections;
• be sure that all equipment is in good repair;
• worn or damaged bearings should be replaced
• worn or damaged v-belts should be replaced
• when refueling, shut off the engine and allow a hot engine
to cool - use this time to check on chaff and grain dust
build-up
• do NOT smoke when refueling farm machinery
• remove the gas cap slowly and fill the tank with care
• avoid overfilling the tank
• have a 10 B:C fire extinguisher within reach, preferably
mounted on the tractor or combine
• dry-chemical extinguishers are most effective for out-door
use
• a second extinguisher should be located just inside the
door of any building near fuel tanks
• for good all-around fire protection, a tri-class 2A-10 (or 20)
B:C extinguisher should be considered
"Farm safety is a year-round goal," adds Kyeremanteng.
"Taking a few moments to do simple safety' checks, timing
breaks to coincide with re-fueling to allow hot engines to cool
down, are just a couple of things that could make a big
difference to farmers in Alberta this harvest season."
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng
(403) 427-4227
Agri-News Briefs
Farm woodlot opportunities
The theme for the 1998 Prairie Woodlot Meeting is Farm
Woodlot Opportunities. The meeting is scheduled for
September 23 and 24, 1998 in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba.
Focus will primarily be on the economic benefits to farm
producers, micro forestry contractors and the farm
community. The meeting, open to anyone interested in
woodlot management and agro-forestry, is a casual forum
where landowners, government and non-government
organization representatives, provincial woodlot associations,
consultants and private forestry delivery agencies can share
experiences and insights. The agenda includes provincial
reports from Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba and a
micro-forestry contractor panel discussion. The planned field
tour includes stops at four micro forestry operations,
including hardwood and softwood vvoodlots, mills, a coal fired
kiln and examples of Manitoba native wood products.
Registration fee is $20 per person. For further information,
contact Shane Tornblom, field manager, Manitoba Habitat
Heritage Corporation, (204) 522-8733.
Rural electricity information
seminars
The Alberta Federation of REAs Ltd. (AFREAs) and the Alberta
Association, of Municipal Districts and Counties are presenting
information seminars in Grimshaw- September 15,
Edmonton - September 17 and Red Deer - September 18. The
seminars will provide details of how the new Provincial
Electricity Restructuring Legislation will affect rural electricity
consumers. The morning session is presented by the
Department of Energy and covers legislation as it applies to
electrification associations and rural consumers. Afternoon
sessions cover the business aspects of the rural electrification
associations and a session providing information on the
provision of electricity supply to rural consumers. Cost of the
seminar is $10. To register, contact AFREAs before
September 8, 1998 at (403) 417-3396.
September 7, 1998 - page 7
Coming agricultural
events
September, 1998
Stock Dog - Australian Cattle Dog Specialty & Herding Trials
September 1 - 3
Quickheels Ranch & Kennels Reg'd
Savona, B.C.
Fee: Herding Clinic $22 dog, Seminar $20
Contact: Meaghan Thacker
Quickheels Ranch
Phone: (250) 373-2389
Western Food and Beverage Show
September 16-17
Vancouver. BC
Contact: Meteor Show Productions
Phone: (416) 229-2060
Fall Harvest Show and Sale
September 20
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village
East of Edmonton
Contact: Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village
Phone: (403) 662-3640
1998 Prairie Woodlot Meeting - Farm Woodlot Opportunities
September 23-24
Portage la Prairie, Manitoba
Contact: Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation
Phone: (204) 522-8733
City Slickers ' Harvest
September 24
9:00 am - 3:30 pm
Big Springs Road, Airdrie
Contact: Betty Gabert
Phone: (403) 427-4225 Fax: (403) 422-7755
October, 1998
Poultry Service Industry Workshop
October 8 - 9
8:00 am- 12:00 pm
Kananaskis Lodge
Kananaskis
Contact: Narine Singh
Phone: (403) 415-0827 Fax: (403) 427-1057
Thanksgiving Harvest Festival
October 10
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
Blooming Prairie, Edmonton
Contact: Blooming Prairie
Phone: (403) 431-1451 Fax: (403) 433-6440
Agriculture and Food Week
October 12-16
Alberta
Contact: Bard Haddrell
Phone: (403) 427-5312
Northeast Ag Expo
October 17-18
11:00 am -4:00 pm
Ag Corral and Curling Rink Lobby
St. Paul
Fee: $50.00/livestock pen; $25.00 for a value-added table
Contact: Morley Kjargaard
Phone: (403) 645-6301 Fax: (403) 645-2848
Hostex '98
October 18-20
Toronto. Ontario
Contact: Canadian Restaurant and Food Services
Phone: (416) 923-8416
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 19, 8:30 am
Stockade Convention Centre
5521 - 49 Ave
Lloydminster
Fee: $170 until Oct 2, $195 after Oct 2
Contact: John Melicher. REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax: (403) 452-5385
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 20, 8:30 am
Lethbridge Lodge. 320 Scenic Drive
Lethbridge
Fee: $170 until Oct 2. $195 after Oct 2
Contact: John Melicher. REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax; (403) 452-5385
September 7, 1998 - page 8
Product Distribution Solutions for Rural Processors
October 20, 9:00 am - 3:30 pm
St. Stephen's Catholic Church - Parish Hall
Lacombe
Fee: No fee. Pre-registration is required before October 13
Contact: Alberta Agriculture, Lacombe
Phone: (403) 782-3301 Fax: (403) 782-5514
Introductory Risk Management Using Futures & Options
(For Husbands & Wives)
October 21 - March 10, 1999
6:30 pm-9:30 pm
Lethbrige
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 21, 8:30 am
Coast Plaza, 1316 32 St NE, Calgary
Fee: $170 until Oct 2, $195 after Oct 2
Contact: John Melicher. REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax: (403) 452-5385
Farm Estate/Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource Fair
October 22, 9:30 am - 3:45 pm
Falher
Phone: (403) 836-3351 Fax: (403) 836-3529
Farm Estate/Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource Fair
October 23, 9:30 am - 3:45 pm
Grimshaw
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
Phone: (403) 836-3351 Fax: (403) 836-3529
Farm Estate/Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource Fair
October 24, 9:30 am - 3:45 pm
Grande Prairie Provincial Bldg.
Grande Prairie
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
Phone: (403) 836-3351 Fax: (403) 836-3529
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 27, 8:30 am
Grande Prairie Inn, 1 163 Clairmont Rd
Grande Prairie
Contact: John Melicher, REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax: (403) 452-5385
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 28,8:30 am
Convention Inn, Edmonton
Fee: $170 until Oct 2, $195 after Oct 2
Contact: John Melicher, REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax: (403) 452-5385
Agriculture Tax Update for Professionals
October 29, 8:30 am
Holiday Inn, Red Deer
Fee: $170 until Oct 2, $195 after Oct 2
Contact: John Melicher, REDA
Phone: (403) 451-5959 Fax: (403) 452-5385
November, 1998
OPPORTUNITIES & PROFITS II - Special Crops into the 21"
Century Conference
November 1 - 3
Convention Inn, Edmonton
Contact: Wayne Goruk
Phone: (403) 427-3122 Fax: (403) 427-5921
Native Plant Summit IV- Native Plant Production
November 2 - 4, 7:00 pm - 4:30 pm
Sheraton Cavalier Hotel, Calgary
Contact: Heather Gerling
Phone: (403) 427-4658 Fax: (403) 422-4244
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
November 4 - 19, 6:30 pm - 9:30 pm
Lethbridge
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Business Management & Analysis
November 6 - February 1, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Lethbridge
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Fall Focus 98
November 10
Camrose Regional Exhibition, Camrose
Contact: Rosemary Snider
Phone: (403) 855-2286
Saskatchewan Pork Industry Symposium
November 12-13
Saskatoon Inn, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Contact: Wendy Hayes
Phone: (306) 933-5078 Fax: (306) 933-7352
Red Deer International Agri-Trade
November 12-15
Westerner Park, 4847A - 19th Street
Red Deer
Alberta Horticultural Congress. Prairie West Trade Show
November 12 - 14, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm
Mayfield Inn, Edmonton
Contact: Shirley Alton
Phone: (403) 415-2324 Fax: (403) 422-60%
Annual General Meeting - Flower & Herb Growers
Association of Alberta
November 14, 9 00 am - 5:00 pm
Mayfield Inn. Edmonton
Contact: Trace Johnston, president FHGAA
Phone: (403) 448-1722
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
November 24 - December 1
6:30 pm - 9:30 pm
Cardston
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
November 24 - 26. 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Pincher Creek
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Model-it: Application of Modelling as an Innovative
Technology in the Agri-Food Chain
November 29 - December 2
Wageningen. Netherlands
Phone: +31. 317.49 02 85 Fax: +31. 317.41 85 52
E-mail: M OD E L- 1 T@ ATO. DLO. N L
December, 1998
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 1 - 18. 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Vulcan
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradlev Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Western Canadian Grazing Seminar
December 2 - 3
Mayfield Inn. Edmonton
Contact: Lorene Cunningham
Phone: (403) 443-7544
September 7, 1998 - page 9
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 2 - 4
9:30 am - 4:00 pin
Taber
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Alberta Barley Commission Annual Meeting
December 2 - 3
Capri Centre. Red Deer
Contact: Mona Carder
Phone: (403) 291-91 1 1 or 1-800-265-91 1 1
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 7 - 16. 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Claresholm
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 9-11, 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
High River
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 9-11, 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Foremost
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
January, 1999
Farm Succession Resource Fair
January 2. 1999
10:00 am -3:00 pm
Provincial Building. Medicine Hat. Alberta
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fix: (403) 223-3396
Land & Crop Management Using Precision Farming Software
(Farm Trac)
January 7 -21, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Lettibridge
Fee: $185 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
September 7, 1998 - page 10
Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference
January 8- 10, 1999
Capri Centre, Red Deer
Fee: $75
Contact: Les Burwash
Phone: (403) 948-8532
Banff Pork Seminar
January 12 - 15, 1999
6:00 pm- 1:00 pm
Banff Centre, Banff
Fee: $165.00 plus gst, before Dec. 15, 1998, $215 after
(1998 rates, subject to revision)
Contact: Ms. Aileen Reilly
Phone: (403) 492-3236 Fax: (403) 492-9130
Seed Plant Convention
January 14-16, 1999
Westin Hotel, Edmonton
Contact: Bill Witbeck
Phone: (403) 782-4641
Fax: (403) 782-5514
Farm Succession Resource Fair
January 14, 1999
10:00 am -3:00 pm
Animal Husbandry Building
Lethbridge, Alberta
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
January 14 - 22, 1999
9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Medicine Hat
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Focus On Agriculture Conference
January 15 - January 16, 1999
6:00 pm-4:30 pm
Kinsmen Community Center, Ponoka
Contact: Joyce Crandall
Phone: (403) 783-5777 Fax: (403) 783-5776
Agriculture and Food Council - Leaders Challenge
Conference
January 22 - 23, 1999
1:00 pm-5:00 pm
Capri Centre, Red Deer
Contact: Jean Wilson
Phone: (403) 415-2146 Fax: (403) 427-5220
Farm Machinery Economics
January 26 - February 9, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Animal Husbandry Bldg.-L.C.C.
Lethbridge
Fee: $165.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Alberta Branch CSGA Annual Meeting
January 27 - 29, 1999
Westin Hotel, Edmonton
Contact: Bill Witbeck
Phone: (403) 782-4641 Fax: (403) 782-5514
Advance Farm Accounting
January 28 - 29, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Lethbridge
Fee: $155.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907
Fax: (403) 223-3396
February, 1999
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
February 10 - 24, 1999
Evening course, 6:30 - 9:30 pm
Lethbridge
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
February 10- 12, 1999
Three full days, 9:30 am - 4:00 pm
Lethbridge
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Machinery Economics
February 15 - 23, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Taber
Fee: $165 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
September 7, 1998 - page 1 1
Advanced Precision Farming Course Using Farm Trac &
Farm Site
February 25 - 26. 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Animal Husbandry Building, Lethbridge
Fee: $200
Contact: Bradlev Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
March, 1999
Land & Crop Management Using Precision Farming Software
(Farm Trac)
March l - 8, 1999
9:00 am - 4:00 pm
Taber
Fee: $185 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
Phone: (403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
August, 1999
Agriculture Institute of Canada Annual Conference
August 8- 10, 1999
University of Prince Edward Island
Charlottetown, PE.I.
Contact: Kais Deelstra
Phone: (902) 368-4842 Fax: (902) 368-4857
September, 1999
XXXVI International Apicultural Congress
September 13-18. 1999
Vancouver Trade and Convention Centre
Vancouver, B.C.
Contact: Apimondia '99Coming agricultural events notice
September 7, 1998 - page 12
Coming agricultural events notice
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51570 9661
Do you know of any provincial (Alberta), national or international agricultural meetings, conferences or conventions coming in
1998, 1999 or 2000?
2. Please state the name of the event (s):
3. When is the event being held?
4. Where is the event being held? Include city or town; hotel or convention centre, if known:
5. Please give name, city or town, and phone number of a contact person for each event listed:
6. This form has been completed by what organization? Please include your phone number:
Please return this form by November 22, 1998 to:
Lee Anne Palutke, Agri-News Editor
Communications Division
J.G. O'Donoghue Building
7000 - 113 Street
Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6
Phone: (403)422-6958
Fax: (403)427-2861
E-mail: palutke(« agric.gov.ab.ca
"Coming agricultural events'' is published quarterly in Agri-News.
The next list will be December 7, 1998.
Agri -News
September 14, 1998
First pulse harvest survey
The pulse industry in Western Canada is expanding rapidly.
From 300.000 acres in 1990 to 2.7 million acres in 1998. And
exports have risen along with the production. Canada is the
world's largest exporter of feed peas and lentils. As production
expands, provincial grower organizations and the Canadian
Grain Commission recognize the need to sample and analyze
pulse crops right off of the combine.
This need is being answered by the initiation of the Pulse
Honest Survey for the Prairie Provinces The survey
will give the trade and the domestic buyers a very accurate
picture of the quality of our crop each fall.
"The grain industry has been conducting comprehensive
sampling for a very long time. The pulse industry is newer and
this comprehensive survey will give traders and hog producers
a yardstick to measure the quality of prairie pulse crops," says
Janette McDonald, general manager of the Alberta Pulse
Growers Commission. "There had never been a mechanism to
sample, collect and test crop from all different regions of the
prairies before. Now the pulse industry will have documented,
detailed information to give to customers about the
characteristics of pulse crops each year '
As well as an expanding domestic livestock feed market, there
is excellent export potential of pulse crops. The survey will
provide a documented average across the Prairies that give
protein, grade, digestible energy and lysine on composite pea
samples. Lentil samples will provide the grade, seed size
distribution and the cooking times on composite samples.
"Alberta and the other prairie provinces produce clean, high
protein pulse crops," says McDonald. "The survey will help
pulse growers convince hog producers that peas and pulse
crops are excellent feed. For right now. the main goal is to
capture an increased share in the domestic livestock feed
market."
Documenting the quality standard of pulse crops across the
prairie provinces starts at the farm For this first survey. 1.000
pea growers and 500 lentil growers from across the prairies
were asked to fill in sample boxes and send them in to the
Canadian Grain Commission lab in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Quit d on page 2
This Week
First pulse harvest survey
l
UofC offers certificate program for agri-business
development
2
Starting a new greenhouse business
2
To till or not to till
3
4-H delegates participate in international affairs
seminar
3
Weighing the worth of ingredients
4
Crop storage
4
Briefs
5
ydlbcrra
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
September 14, 1998 - page 2
To encourage participation in Alberta, all farmers who return
their pulse samples will have their name entered to win a
travel certificate for $200.00 from Carlson Wagonlit Travel.
"We're anticipating that 200 farmers from across Alberta will
send in their crop samples," says McDonald.
By the end of November of each year, a comprehensive
representation of the quality of pulse crops for that year will be
available to farmers.
Contact: Janette McDonald (403) 986-9398
UofC offers certificate program
for agri-business development
An Agri-Business Development Certificate program sponsored
by Royal Bank of Canada, Meyers-Norris-Penny and Canada/
Alberta Farm Business Management Program (FBMP) is being
offered this fall. The program, for business advisors, is being
held in conjunction with the Centre for New Venture
Development, Faculty of Management, University of Calgary.
"Designed to guide participants through a comprehensive
business development and technology commercialization
process, the program is based on real-life projects the
students bring with them," says Doug Barlund, business
development advisor with Alberta Agriculture, Food & Rural
Development. "This program is offered at the University of
Calgary and includes six days of in-class work, plus work on a
major project during the intervals between class days."
Participants will work through the process using a case study
or business development project, and at the end of the
program have completed a business plan. There will be an
opportunity for participants to present their final plan to a
business review panel for critiquing.
"The real advantage is that participants get an appreciation of
what it's like to be an entrepreneur going through the process
and selling ideas to bankers or investors," adds Barlund. "The
program is open to anyone involved in business development,
but particularly those who are providing advisory services to
emerging entrepreneurs and small business enterprises."
The first in-class module begins October 21 to 23, 1998. A
subsequent module begins December 3 and 4, 1998 and
concludes February 19, 1999- The program is supported by
FBMP, Royal Bank, Meyers Norris Penny and Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Registration
$500.00 per person. Accommodation, travel and meals are
extra.
Contact: Janice Atwood
(403) 220-7877
wlong@acs. ucalgary. ca.
Doug Barlund
(403) 556-4245
barlund (cvagric.gov. ab. ca
Starting a new greenhouse
business
Every year, more than 200 enquiries to start a greenhouse
business are received at the Crop Diversification Centres North
and South (CDCN&CDCS).
"About 30 'would be growers' will actually visit the specialists
and about eight of those will actually build greenhouses," says
Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crops specialist, CDCN,
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Edmonton.
"The growth rate of the greenhouse industry has been between
four and seven per cent during the past decade."
Going into a greenhouse crops production and marketing
business requires a certain amount of knowledge in many
areas of greenhouse construction, maintenance, plant raising
systems, environmental control systems, irrigation technology,
plant management and many other related areas.
"To begin with one must prepare a business plan which may
be a very simple write up of what the operator wants to do,"
says Mirza. "It's important to understand the market demand
and gross revenue potential of various crops, operating and
production costs and cash flow projections."
"Some production schedules of greenhouse grown vegetables
have a strong influence on cash flow projections," says Jim
Calpas, greenhouse crops specialist, CDCS, Brooks. "One can
start harvesting seedless cucumbers in 60 days from seeding
while tomatoes take 100 to 110 days and peppers take about
130 days. Furthermore, producers must provide a break
between crops so that the greenhouse can be sanitized to
reduce insect and disease infestations."
Greenhouse design has undergone several changes over the
past decade. The trend is to build high-roof greenhouses with
natural ventilation, a design that makes it easier to maintain
optimum temperature and relative humidity levels.
What crops to grow is another challenge. The greenhouse
program has several publications on economics, crop
management, sources of material and supplies, including:
• Greenhouse Bedding Plant Production and Marketing -
AGDEX 281/830-1
• Bedding Plants Production Guidelines - CDCN-GP-1
• Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Management - CDCN-GP-2
• A Summary of Greenhouse Crops in Alberta - CDCN-GP-4
• The Making of a Successful Greenhouse Project -
CDCN-GP-5
• Cost Analysis of Greenhouse Cucumber and Tomato
Production - Agdex 821-66
These publications are available from the Crop Diversification
Centre North, Edmonton.
Contact: Mohyuddin Mirza Jim Calpas
(403) 415-2303 (403) 362-1312
Sepetember 14, 1998 - page 3
To till or not to till
Fall tillage is a long standing practice in Alberta. It has been
used to manage residues, incorporate herbicides, prepare a
seedbed for next spring, apply or incorporate fertilizer, control
weeds and bury disease carrying residue. Some believe tillage
is required to open up soils to enhance moisture infiltration.
"There are good reasons to reduce or eliminate or at least
minimize fall tillage," says Allan Howard, soil moisture
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's Alberta Reduced Tillage Initiative (ARTI),
Lethbridge. "Fall tillage dries the soil and knocks down
stubble, reducing snow catch. If planning to apply fertilizer,
consider a knife or coulter opener to minimize soil
disturbance and stubble knockdown, and then direct seed in
the spring. Direct seeding systems increase snow catch and
leave a residue mulch that protects the soil from exposure to
sun and wind when there is no snowcover. Soil moisture levels
are better under direct seeding systems because evaporation is
reduced and melt from captured snow increases reserves in
the spring."
Along with increased soil moisture, direct seeding systems
increase organic matter, increase soil organisms, reduce input
costs, reduce labor inputs, increase cropping options and
conserve energy. There are also several studies that show that
direct seeding results in comparable, if not better, yields than
conventional tillage systems. Over the long term, reduced
tillage from direct seeding improves soil tilth and that results
in better infiltration and less runoff to collect in those low
areas.
"Research has shown that soils tilled in the fall are drier than
untilled fields come springtime. Opening up the soil exposes a
much higher surface area to air," adds Howard. "That not only
results in more drying but it can speed up organic matter
decomposition. Excessive fall tillage leaves fields with
inadequate residue to capture snow and prevent wind and
water erosion. With no cover, the soil surface is exposed to
more wetting and drying. The combined effect of exposing
more soil to air and to wetting and drying leads to crusting of
the soil surface. In addition to making a difficult seedbed,
crusted soils have higher runoff, meaning less rain and
snowmelt can be stored in the soil for crop use. Once crusts
have formed, farmers feel that they have no option but to till to
break it up and this compounds the problem. There is a
growing amount of research results to show that zero-till and
direct seeded systems have improved crusted soils."
Tillage also destroys macropores created by earthworm activity.
Jill Clapperton of the Lethbridge Research Station has observed
higher numbers of earthworms in zero tillage systems. Leaving
residues on the surface feeds and increases earthworm
populations. Earthworms are thought to play a major role in
reducing the incidence of common root rot. They also increase
organic matter cycling in the soil and improve soil tilth.. Better
water infiltration results.
If planning to reduce or eliminate fall tillage, be sure to review
all aspects of the system, including residue management,
fertilizer application, weed control, seeding equipment and
rotations. Switching to a direct seeding system requires careful
thought and planning, the further ahead the better. Discuss
the decision with other farmers who have tried it, check with
one of the ARTI agronomists and talk to as many
knowledgeable people as possible.
"When switching to a direct seeding or reduced tillage system,
be prepared to look for long-term benefits," concludes
Howard. "Sometimes it can take three to four years to reall)
see the benefits, but most direct seeders agree that they are
worth it."
Contact: Allan Howard Peter Gamache
(403) 381-586/ (403) 427-336/
4-H delegates participate in
international affairs seminar
Two Alberta 4-H members were given the opportunity to attend
the annual Seminar on the United Nations and International
Affairs (SUNIA) at the Goldeye Centre near Nordegg, Alberta.
The seminar was held in two sessions during August. Ian
Horner of the Sturgeon Clever Clovers 4-H Club and Christy
Wahl of the Telbot Sharp Edges 4-H Club were chosen to attend
the seminar at the Provincial 4-H Selections Program in May.
Delegates were selected based on their leadership abilities,
interpersonal skills, community involvement and 4-H
experience.
Horner and Wahl joined more than 130 high school students
at SUNIA for a week filled with fun, recreation and learning.
Delegates were given the unique opportunity to investigate
political, economic and social issues with diplomats from the
United States, Canadian Foreign Affairs and International
Trade.
"Simulations of Security Council hearings, group examination
of international affairs and the opportunity to network with
youth from across Western Canada make SUM A an
unforgettable experience," says Marguerite Stark, provincial
4-H programs specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development.
Beyond the exceptional educational experience at SUNIA,
Horner and Wahl participated in an exciting recreational
program that included canoeing and hiking in the Rockv
Mountains, a fun international bazaar night and other group
activities. The SUNIA award trip was made possible bv
sponsorship from Calgary Exhibition & Stampede.
Contact Marguerite Stark lari Horner
(403) 948-85/0 (403) 973-6205
Christy Wahl
(403) 578-2025
September 14, 1998 - page 4
Weighing the worth of
ingredients
If food processors are only as good as the ingredients they use,
then sourcing and using ingredients are basic to the
production side of their business.
"The goal of a processor is to produce the same top quality
product every time," says Janice McGregor, rural development
specialist - business with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Morinville. "But that may be a challenge if
availability of ingredients changes with the seasons. For
example, if locally grown fresh fruits and vegetables are used -
what happens during the rest of the year? Are frozen or canned
ingredients an option, or should imported ingredients be
considered?"
It's important to use the same specific ingredients to maintain
quality and consistency. If a certain brand of canola oil is used,
use it all the time. Changing brands or types of oil may also
change the product's flavor.
Scaling up a home recipe to a commercial batch can cause
complications in either the recipe - a change in ingredients -
or in finances - buying large quantities.
"Be precise. A scale may be the best investment made," says
McGregor. "Its benefits include improved product consistency,
lowered costs and improved inventory control as well as
adhering to government regulations."
A scale is only one piece of equipment a processing business
may need. Determine what is needed before equipment is
bought. Equipment suppliers have good selections of new and
used equipment or if buying equipment is out of financial
reach, it may be possible to rent or lease space in a
commercial kitchen.
"Equipment, ingredient and supply issues are all in the
spotlight of the Northwest Processor's summer issue," adds
McGregor. "This free quarterly newsletter, put together by
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development specialists,
links rural processors with research, technology and
information."
For more information about the food processing industry, or to
get on the Northwest Processor mailing list, contact McGregor
at 939-4351 (toll-free via 310-0000).
Contact: Janice McGregor
(403) 939-4351
Crop storage
On first look, it appears that there should not be any problems
with crop storage this year. A good stretch of dry weather lately,
means most of the crop should come off dry. But, experience
indicates that appearances could be deceiving. Crops have
spoiled in other years when harvesting conditions appeared
ideal.
"Heating in crop storage bins can start in two ways," says
Ron Hockridge, crop specialist cereals and oilseeds, with
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Wetaskiwin.
"First, the grain is still living so it respires and produces heat
naturally. At higher temperatures respiration is faster so there
is likely to be more activity in a grain that was put up hot at the
outset. Secondly, there are usually weed seeds, pieces of plant
and various contaminants in crops when they're harvested.
These unwanted materials may be higher in moisture and
start the process going. Insects and fungi that feed on the grain
and contaminants also respire, giving off heat.
"Moisture rebound in crops after they go into storage, is a
subject that producers talk about. This is explained in various
ways, but it is safe to say that moisture may increase in the
bin. It will also be higher in some areas of the bin than in
others. These pockets become hot spots for biological activity.
The problem seems to be worse in steel bins than in wooden
bins that breathe, but it can happen in any storage facility."
Deterioration in storage is a higher risk in some crops than
others. Fine seeds with little room for air movement between
them tend to be of greater concern. Looking at the moisture
content where the crop is considered dry is a good guideline
for estimating relative risk.
"In a year such as this one, farmers can do a couple of things
to ensure the safe storage of their crops," adds Hockridge.
"Monitoring bins should be done often in the first few weeks
to catch any problems at the beginning. If possible, aerate the
grain to make sure it is both dry and cool for long term
storage."
Several fact sheets that provide information on moisture and
temperature suitable for grain storage are available at Alberta
Agriculture district offices and at the publications office,
7000 - 1 13 Street Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, including:
• Factors Affecting Deterioration of Stored Grain -
Agdex FS 732-1 1
• Solar Grain Drying - Agdex FS 736-9
• Grain Drying with Natural Air - Agdex FS 736- 1 2
• Movement of Natural Air Through Grain - Agdex 736-1 1
"I'm sure everyone is pleased with the good harvesting
conditions at an early stage this year. Now it's important to
minimize the hidden risks that can accompany these
conditions," says Hockridge.
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403) 361-1240
Sepetember 14, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Food processing safety video
A new 26-minute video. Safe Food Practices for Small
Processors, outlines the basics of good manufacturing
practices and gives a number of steps processors can follow to
ensure their product is safe. Food safety should be a main
concern for any company producing a food product. When
marketing food to the public, a processor must make sure the
product looks and tastes good and, most importantly, is free
from contamination. The information contained in the video
is especially suited to emerging businesses selling product at
fanners' markets or into the specialty food market. The video
provides instruction on how to prepare, handle and package
food safely and on how to store food properly. The video can
be ordered from Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development, publications office, 7000 - 113 Street,
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, or by calling toll free
1-800-292-5697. Cost of the video is $35 plus GST. Please add
$2 plus GST for shipping and handling.
Conflict resolution is a learned skill
Journey to Consensus is a 30-minute video that comes
complete with a 39-page process guide. Knowing how to set the
tone for negotiation; establish a mutual agenda; set out the
task; identify common interests; develop options and reach
consensus are all skills considered and discussed in this
educational package. The video and process guide walk
through an interest-based negotiation model that uses a
multi-party, land use. conflict scenario. Various negotiating
skills and techniques are identified to help managers and
participants hone the necessary skills should they ever be in a
conflict resolution situation. The video and guide are also
helpful training tools for people teaching interest-based
negotiation. The package is available from the Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development publications office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, or by calling toll
free 1-800-292-5697. Cost of the package is $50 plus GST.
Please add $2 plus GST for shipping and handling.
The Alberta Horticultural Congress
The 1998 Alberta Horticultural Congress is being held at the
Mayfield Inn and Suites on November 12 to 14, 1998. The
sponsoring associations are the Landscape Alberta Nursery
Trades Association, the .Alberta Greenhouse Growers
Association, the Alberta Market Gardeners .Association, the
Fruit Growers Society of Alberta and the Flowers and Herb
Growers Association. The congress sessions are finalized and
50 technical speakers fill the three-day agenda. Running in
conjunction with the Congress is the Prairie West Trade Show
that will feature 220 booths for professional growers. Congress
programs are being mailed out to professional growers in
September. For further information or be added to the mailing
list, call the Alberta Horticultural Congress at (403) 425-2324
and leave a company name, address and phone number.
Agr i rNews
September 21, 1998
Safeguarding Alberta's Elms
The American elm tree (I Imus americana) is the most
popular shade tree in Alberta and well adapted to the harsh
climate. Many people are surprised to learn that the American
elm is not native to Alberta although it is in Saskatchewan and
Manitoba.
"Elm trees have been good for Alberta, often making up
50 per cent of the urban trees." says Janet Feddes-Calpas,
Dutch Elm Disease Prevention Coordinator with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
The elm tree has been under attack throughout Europe and
North America. Dutch Elm Disease (DED) and the insects that
spread the disease, the smaller European elm bark beetle
(SEEBB) and native elm bark beetles (NEBB), have been
responsible for virtually wiping out these beautiful trees in
some areas. The elm tree has found sanctuary in Alberta and,
to date there has not been a confirmed case of Dutch Elm
Disease in the province. However, this disease is running
rampant in Saskatchewan and Montana, and many believe that
it is only a matter of time before DED starts killing Alberta's
elms.
"All is not doom and gloom when it comes to saving the
Alberta elms against this deadly disease," says Feddes-Calpas.
"A prevention program involving an elm tree maintenance
program, monitoring for the beetles. DED surveillance, an elm
inventory and increasing public awareness can minimize elm
tree losses. Experience in Great Falls, Montana and Winnipeg,
Manitoba has shown that although they have been battling the
disease for the last 10 to 20 years, with a good prevention
program in place they have managed to keep their annual elm
losses down to one to two per cent."
The front line of Alberta's elm defence is a cooperative effort
between Alberta Agriculture's Dutch Elm Disease Initiative,
based at the Crop Diversification Centre South. Brooks, and
STOPDED, (Society To Prevent Dutch Elm Disease). This non-
profit society is made up of Alberta's provincial and
municipality staff, nurserymen, landscapes, arborists,
research scientists and concerned Albertans.
"The Alberta Agriculture Dutch Elm Disease Initiative (DEDI)
prevention program monitors .Alberta's border crossings to
prevent elm wood from entering the province." continues
Feddes-Calpas. "DED and the elm bark beetles can hide in elm
firewood, and once in Alberta, will attack our elms. Elm wood
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Safeguarding Alberta s Elms 1
Changes to Alberta s Water Act 2
Students and sheep flock to school 2
Agricultural use for industrial by-products 3
Y2K - the new bug to watch for 4
Briefs 5
Afflfi 'MOWS Publishin9 Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861 ^IbCffQ
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
September 21, 1998 - page 2
must not be transported or stored. In addition, the prevention
program is involved in an extensive public awareness
campaign to educate AJbertans about the threat of Dutch Elm
Disease and what can be done to prevent.
STOPDED crews are also active throughout Alberta taking
inventory of Alberta's elms. This inventory identifies where the
elm trees are located, and what condition they're in. A healthy
elm is less likely to become a target, as elm beetles prefer to
initially search out weak trees to breed in. It's estimated that
Alberta's elm trees are worth a staggering $500 million!"
DED and the beetles that spread the disease are declared pests
under the Alberta Agriculture Pest Act and there are
guidelines outlining the proper procedure for removal and
disposal of dead elm trees. There are also guidelines for
handling living elm trees.
"Elm bark beetles are attracted to fresh cuts on pruned elm
trees like flies to honey, and if the beetles are carrying DED,
the end result is disastrous for the elm," adds Feddes-Calpas.
"Once infected with the fungus the elm tree will die. To
minimize the chance that bark beetles will be drawn to elm
trees, pruning elm trees is only allowed from October 1 to
March 31 when the elm bark beetles are not active. However, it
is equally important that dead wood be pruned out of elm
trees as the beetles are naturally on the look-out for dead elm
wood for their breeding sites. All elm wood must be disposed
properly by either burning or burying to avoid it becoming a
haven for the beetles."
Although no DED has been found in Alberta, the SEEBB have
been found for the fifth year in Calgary and the fourth year in
Edmonton. Approximately 480 sites in Alberta are being
monitored for the SEEBB and the NEBB beetles by using sticky
traps. Alberta Agriculture takes care of 164 with the remaining
being taken care of by the larger cities which all have a good
prevention program in place. Monitoring for the beetles is
carried out each year throughout the province to determine if
the beetles are present. If either the SEEBB or the NEBB is
found, surveillance of the disease and beetle monitoring
locations is increased in that area.
"A group effort is required for successful DED prevention.
STOPDED is asking the public to help with the fight to keep
Alberta DED free," says Feddes-Calpas. "Often, as is the case
with so many treasurers, its value isn't realized until its gone.
Working together, we can save Alberta's elms."
For more information on DED or the program, contact the
Dutch Elm Disease Hotline by dialing toll free 310-0000 and
then asking for 362-1337. Information is also available on the
Alberta Agriculture Internet site at:
http://www.agTic.gov.ab.ca/pests/diseases/ded/index.html
Contact: Janet Feddes-Calpas
(403) 362-1337
Changes to Alberta's Water Act
Alberta's new Water Act introduces significant changes to the
management of water resources in the Alberta.
"It is important for recreational users and anyone involved in
or acting for the agriculture industry, the oil and gas industry,
municipalities, utilities, to understand how this piece of
legislation will work and the impact it will have on water
users" says Donna Tingley of the Environmental Law Centre.
The Environmental Law Centre is holding a one day workshop
October 23, 1998 at the McDougall Centre in Calgary to
address Alberta's new Water Act which is expected to come
into effect this fall. The workshop is held in partnership with
the Legal Education Society of Alberta with funding support
from Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's
Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture (AESA)
Program and Alberta Environmental Protection. A panel of law
professionals and a government representative involved in
implementing the Act will cover licencing requirements,
environmental considerations and issues that are of particular
concern to agricultural producers, the energy industry and
municipalities.
"The AESA Council is pleased that the legal profession is taking
a leading role in educating not only its members, but the
agriculture industry and all water users on the impacts of this
legislation. Water quality is a priority area for the agriculture
industry and this workshop provides valuable information on
environmental aspects of the new Water Act to Alberta's
agricultural water users," adds Bruce Beattie, Chair of the
AESA Council. The AESA Council directs the AESA Program
which provided funding support to the workshop.
The cost of the workshop is $150 for those registering before
October 9, 1998 and $180 after October 9, 1998. To register
for the conference, call 1-800-282-3900.
Contact: Donna Tingley Bruce Beattie
(403) 424-5099 (403) 638-3735
Students and sheep flock to
school
The Western Suffolk Sire Reference Program hosted
30 students from Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia
at a fresh semen artificial insemination (AI) school on
August 22, 1998 at the Olds Cow Palace.
"The instructor for the course was Dr. Brian Buckrell of the
Ontario Veterinary College," says Dr. Cathy Gallivan, organizer
of the conference. "Buckrell developed the Guelph system for
transcervical AI in sheep and is the operator of the Ontario
semen collection facility for sheep and goats."
Cont 'd on page 3
Prior to the AI school, Dr Buckrell spent considerable time at
the Olds College flock management semen collection facility' in
Bowden. working with owners Drs. Ileana Wenger and Lynn
Tait, and with Olds College 246G and Strand 97G, the two
reference sires being used by the Western Suffolk Sire
Reference Program in 1998. During the course, the best
methods of collecting, extending and storing fresh semen were
reviewed.
"The course covered information on the normal breeding
cycle of ewes and different methods of synchronising the cycle
for natural mating, artificial insemination and out-of-season
breeding," says Gallivan. "Many factors affect the success of an
Al program. These include: the age of the ewe, the
synchronization program, stress, body condition, health,
environmental temperatures, semen dose and quality.
Knowing how to manage these factors and having the
opportunity to practice AI techniques and verifying motility in
collected sperm, made the school a day very well spent."
The Western Suffolk Sire Reference Program was started in
1995 to help Suffolk breeders in Alberta select their sheep for
lean growth. Using a combination of AI, ultrasound and
between-flock EPDs, the members of the program have seen
the Lean Growth Index increase from an average of 100 for all
lambs weighed and ultrasounded in 1996 to an averaged of
111 for all lambs weighed and ultrasounded in 1998.
"A selection of rams with Lean Growth Indexes of at least 115
were offered at the program's first ram sale on June 27,
1998," adds Gallivan. "The sale was combined with
educational seminars, a free lamb barbecue and a trade fair. It
is planned to hold the sale annually and next year's sale is
scheduled for July 3, 1999 "
For more information on the Western Suffolk Sire Reference
Program or the AI School, producers can contact Gallivan at
(403) 224-3962 or visit the website at
http://www.telusplanet.net/public/gallivan/west.htm
Contact: Dr. Cathy Gallivan
(403) 224-3962
gallivan (5 telusplanet. net
Agricultural use for industrial
by-products
Since the late 60's, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the
University of .Alberta and Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development have been researching the management of acid
soils. Crop tolerance of soil acidity, crop response to lime and
effectiveness of liming materials was the focus of this research.
Lime from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains was the
source of lime used in these experiments, however, alternative
materials such as marl and industrial by-products are also
being evaluated.
September 21, 1998 - page 3
It has been shown that a single application of lime can last
15 or more years," says Jerome Lickacz, forage agronomist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Edmonton. "The research also shows that alternative materials
such as marl, burned or quicklime and hydrated lime are
effective liming materials when the application rate is adjusted
for purity and particle size."
Liming has been shown to decrease soil crusting and improve
water infiltration, especially in low organic matter soils and
soils with elevated levels of sodium.
"Due to the cost of transportation, there is increased interest
in using alternative liming materials," says Lickacz. "By
products produced by municipalities and industrial facilities
are usually disposed of in landfills or on-site. Alberta
Agriculture has cooperated with other government agencies
and industry to assess the potential of using these materials in
agriculture."
By-product materials with liming value have been identified
and assessed to determine suitability7 for land application. The
cities of Red Deer and Edmonton are now land-spreading lime
sludge produced during the water softening process at the
cities' municipal water treatment plants. In some situations,
lime sludge is spread in conjunction with sewage sludge.
"Some pulp mills and saw mills are also interested in land-
spreading by-products on agricultural land. Regulatory
approval is required in most instances. This approval is
contingent on there being no adverse environmental effect on
the soil, crop or water and there must be a benefit to the
agricultural industry."
Investigations initiated at Peace River, Athabasca and Drayton
Valley are being used to assess the liming value of materials
currently being land filled. A field trial near Peace River to
assess the potential uptake of trace elements by forage and
cereal crops has been completed. Regulatory approval for land
application of wood ash and other by-product liming materials
is now under discussion.
"There is also interest expressed in land-spreading composted
yard waste produced at pulpmills and sawmills on agricultural
soils," adds Lickacz. "These materials may be beneficial on
low organic matter soils that are poorly aerated, have a low
rate of water entry and are prone to crusting after intense
rainfall. The compost has been used to a limited extent during
reforestation and as an organic amendment on agricultural
soils."
Research is underway to evaluate the effect pulp mill waste
materials may have on nitrogen availability and the use of
sulphur by-products produced at sour gas processing plants.
Evaluating these waste materials and determining if they have
value as land spread fertilizers and organic matters is one step
in reducing industrial waste in Alberta and making effective
use of industrial by-products.
Contact: Jerome Lickacz (403) 422-1231
September 21, 1998 - page 4
Y2K- the new bug to watch for
When computers came into general use, memory space was
one of the big concerns. To save digits, most earlier software
used only the last two digits of the year, abbreviating 1998 to
98. The concern now is that after the date 12-31-99
(December 31, 1999) the computer rolls the date to 01-01-00
and many computers will assume that the date is
January 1, 1900, not 2000.
What's the big problem? Well some bizarre things have already
happened. A shipment of canned fish was sent back to Norway
from Buenos Aires because the computer said that the
shipment exceeded the 'best before' date.
"For agriculture, the problems with the year 2000, or Y2K as
it's being called, focuses on farm computers," says George
Rock, farm management specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Leduc. "Many farm operators
who don't use the computer for anything but doing books may
only experience a few days delay. But there is a lot more to the
problem than personal computers.
"The worry in agriculture comes from embedded chips. These
are microprocessors found in cellular phones, microwave
ovens, cars, trucks and farm equipment such as milking
machines. While some chips may be Y2K compliant, other
manufacturers may have switched suppliers during a
manufacturing process."
The Canadian Federation of Agriculture (CFA) has set up a Y2K
computer project to work on the problem. Barbara Warner,
with CFA recommends taking steps to ensure farms are Y2K
compliant. The first step is to do a 'walkabout' taking note of
everything that is computerized in an operation. Look at
equipment, look for a digital output.
"This means looking at feed systems, milking systems,
thermostats and ventilation systems," says Rock. "If anything
has a digital readout, it needs to be investigated further. Draw
up a plan to determine which equipment is system-critical and
which equipment could wait a few days. Contact dealers to
determine if the embedded chips are Y2K compliant, and
following up with a letter. Ask for responses in writing. Don't
forget, some problems may be covered by warranty."
A contingency plan is also a step that should be taken. Have a
clear plan, along the lines of a disaster plan, that outlines what
can be done manually if systems fail. If there are critical needs
that cannot be operated manually, it is imperative that these
systems are checked.
There is information available for farmers who feel the year
2000 may pose problems. Canadian Farm Business
Management published an extensive article on Y2K in the July/
August 1998 issue of On the farm Canadian Farm Manager.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada has an extensive web site
devoted to the Y2K problem. The Internet address is:
http://www.agr.ca/policy/y2k/Iinks_e.html
"If problems are encountered during the investigation of farm
machinery and systems, keep in mind that the federal
government has accelerated capital cost allowance deduction
to offset replacement hardware and software costs. Eligible
hardware and software must be Y2K compliant, bought
between January 1, 1998 and June 30, 1999 to replace non-
compliant hardware and software," says Rock.
More information on the accelerated capital cost allowance
deduction is available by contacting Revenue Canada or a
chartered accountant.
Contact: George Rock
(403)986-8985
September 21, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Woodlot Association of Alberta
The third annual general meeting of the Woodlot Association of
Alberta is being held at the Coast Terrace Inn, Edmonton, on
October 16 and 17, 1998. Also featured, will be the Private
Woodlot Market Place/Trade Fair. The two-day event is
intended to present business opportunities to private woodlot
owners; allow businesses to establish potential partner or
supplier relationships; provide for the show and sale of
existing private woodlot products; display services and
products for private woodlot owners; and, provide exposure for
various private woodlot market opportunities. Booths will be
open from 4:00 to 10:00 p.m. on October 16 only. Albertans
interested in private woodlot management and private woodlot
owners are encouraged to attend. For more information,
contact the Woodlot .Association of Alberta at (403) 453-1754
or call toll free 1-800-871-5680.
New Agriculture web site launched
The Wild Rose Agricultural Producers unveiled its new web site
located at www.wTap.ab.ca
Wild Rose members and the public can access a variety of
information on the organization and on agriculture. As
Alberta's agriculture industries continue to grow, they require
quick access to reliable information and the Internet is one of
the avenues being used more and more. The Wild Rose
organization welcomes new information and feedback on the
new site. An open invitation to visit and provide comments and
suggestions for improvement was extended to all Alberta
producers by .Man Holt, Wild Rose president. For further
information, contact Rod Scarlett, executive director. Wild Rose
Agricultural Producers, (403) 451-5912 ore-mail:
wrap (2 pIanet.eon.net
Agri ?News
September 28, 1998
City Slickers share the bounty
Timing is everything - and what better timing for the City
Slickers Harvest than just before Thanksgiving, which is also
this year's Agriculture and Food Week in Alberta.
"Thanksgiving is probably the one time of the year when just
about everyone gives a thought to harvest time and the efforts
that go into producing food," says Betty Gabert, of the Ag in the
Classroom program with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "What better time to take 1,000 .Alberta inner
city students and 200 Airdrie school students to the City
Slickers Farm site and have them participate in a real
harvest."
Now in its second year, the program was initiated as part of
Ag in the Classroom and it gives some Alberta kids, Grades 4 to
6, an opportunity to be involved with the agriculture industry.
"Few city children ever get the chance to actually see the
beginning steps of how food is produced and it's important to
instill an appreciation of this essential Alberta industry in our
next generation," says Gabert. "The City Slickers Harvest is a
unique event that gives the kids a great, healthy experience
where they can feel really good about the outcome of their
work and actually see the benefits to the community. The
program organizers work with commodity groups to donate
the profits from the harvest, about 20 per cent of it's total
value, to the Calgary Interfaith Food Bank and the Canadian
Food Grains Bank. Last year, the amount donated was valued
at $3,000."
While the program didn't significantly increase the number of
kids at the harvest, the City Slickers Harvest program has a
long-term. 10 year plan to further develop the site as an
interpretive tourism site, expanding its scope as an interpretive
area for school field trips and day tours.
"The harvest is a really special event for the kids and this year.
Olds College is bringing a delegation from China to showcase
the event as an example of community communication and
involvement," adds Gabert. "It is turning into a great
opportunity for exchange. Also this year, we've had interest
expressed by a community in northern Alberta and the
possibility is good that another City Slickers site may be up and
operating soon."
Cont d on page 2
This Week
City Slickers share the bounty
1
Safety in numbers
2
Opportunities and profits
3
Venting gassy wells
4
New deadline for environmental programming
grants
4
Livestock Advisory Group recommendations to
SPC
this fall
5
New directors named at Alberta s Crop
Diversification Centres
5
Briefs
6
A&Xl-jVCWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 ^IbCffCI
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
September 28, 1998 - page 2
The founding partners of the City Slickers program are: Alberta
Wheat Pool, Dow AgroSciences Canada, Inc., the Airdrie Ag
Society and Ag in the Classroom. These partners, along with
sponsorship from the Alberta Canola Producers Commission,
Alberta Barley Commission and United Farmers of Alberta
(UFA) Cooperative, have funded many of the Ag in the
Classroom programs dedicated to bringing an agricultural
element into the Alberta education curriculum.
On September 24, 1998, the City Slicker kids harvested the
crop grown on land donated by the Airdrie Ag Society. The kids'
agriculture experience included grain harvesting, real-life
experiences with farm animals, stacking bales, identifying
weeds and bidding with play money at an auction.
"Ag in the Classroom and City Slickers are inviting agriculture
related industries to get involved this year and top-up the
donation being made by the kids," says Gabert. "On October 7,
1998 at 1:30 p.m. at the Calgary Interfaith Food Bank, City
Slickers will be making its donation from this year's harvest.
We encourage other industry members, producers, processors
and companies to join us there and be a part of the event.
"In the spirit of sharing the bounty of our harvest, this is an
ideal place to donate new and traditional Alberta-made
products. The nature of the Food Bank is that most people
only receive Food Bank support occasionally, and the rest of
the time they are consumers in Alberta grocery stores. Alberta
processors are encouraged to donate and, at the same time,
give Alberta consumers a chance to sample their products."
For more information about City Slickers, Ag in the Classroom
and the October 7 event, contact Betty Gabert at
(403) 427-2171.
Contact: Betty Gabert
(403) 427-2171
Safety in numbers
Safety isn't something that just happens! It's a learned
behaviour, that is why Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's Farm Safety Program places such emphasis on
spreading the farm safety message to Alberta children and
farm families.
Oden Sandelin of Ardmore and Meghan Nannt of Rolling
Hills demonstrated their skills in communicating their
favourite farm safety message and are the two Grand Prize
winners in the recent John Deere Farm Safety Contest.
Oden Sandelin, age 10, grade 4, Ardmore School
Meghan Nannt, age 10, grade 4, Rolling Hills School
"The farm safety program is always well received by children,
families and communities," says Solomon Kyeremanteng,
head of the Farm Safety Program, Edmonton. "Farm safety is a
serious message, but adding some fun and excitement when
delivering that message has made the farm safety program a
success. Targeting children gives the program exposure to a
wider audience and we have found that the children and their
families are clearly the ones who benefit from a safety
conscious change in attitude."
A Safe Farm is a Great Place to Grow is the on-going
theme championed by the Farm Safety Program and the
campaign slogan for the Farm Safety Contest, sponsored in
partnership with John Deere Limited.
Conl d on page 3
September 28, 1998 - page 3
On a special entry form. Alberta's rural school children,
grades one to four, were asked to pick one of their favourite
things about a safe farm, draw a picture or tell a story about
why their safety message makes a safe farm a great place to
grow up. Entries were to be mailed to Alberta Agriculture
before the entry deadline of June 15 and were then judged
over the summer months.
"We received 3,000 entries from all over the province," says
Kyeremanteng. "As usual, the children's creativity exceeded all
our expectations. They know more about farm safety than we
give them credit for. One of the most rewarding features is that
when we see farm safety messages become life skills, we know
we've all won!"
The contest prizes consisted of two Grand prizes - one family
trip for four to Calgary and one family trip for four to
Edmonton including overnight accommodation and tickets to
an NHL hockey game; 50 - I9 prizes of knapsacks with cooler
bags; and, 100 - 2nd prizes of insulated lunch bags.
"We were very pleased that Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development once again asked John Deere to participate in
their farm safety program," says Bonnie Hayden manager,
Marketing Communications, John Deere Limited, Grimsby,
Ontario. "This is the fifth Alberta Agriculture campaign in
which our company has participated. We and our John Deere
dealers are deeply committed to farm safety and feel this
program is a tremendous way of creating safety awareness
amongst rural communities in this province."
Contest prize presentations were coordinated by local John
Deere Limited dealerships throughout the province. From
grades one through four, Alberta school kids are doing an
excellent job communicating farm safety.
"Alberta children clearly demonstrate that they know how
important farm safety is. Parents also need to practice farm
safety and be conscientious role models." adds Kyeremanteng.
"Farm safety brings its own rewards. A Safe Fartn is a
Great Place to GrowV
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng Bonnie Hayden
(403) 427-4227 (905) 945-7314
Opportunities and profits
Special Crops Product Team of the Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, in consultation with the special crops
industry, has planned the Second Conference in this decade on
Opportunities and Profits into the 21st Century on
November 1-3, 1998 in Edmonton.
"The first such Conference was held in July 1995 in Calgary."
says Nabi Chaudhary, chairman of the special crops product
team with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
"It attracted almost 200 participants. Since the First
Conference on special crops, several developments have taken
place in this sector of the agriculture industry Many new crops
that have been grown for several centuries in the Far East are
now being tried in North America. Commercial production and
recent production trials of crops such as borage, echinacea,
garlic, fenugreek, chick peas, dill, ginseng, hemp, cumin,
coriander and others, have shown that these new and
emerging crops have great potential to improve net farm
income and for crop diversification purposes."
The recent downward trend in major cereal grains and
oilseeds prices has also generated a lot of interest among
producers for these new and emerging special crops. The
small field pea crop of the 80 s occupied almost 500,000 acres
in Alberta in 1998. Similarly, other special crops, like lentils,
mustard, sugar beets, beans, canary seed, caraway, sunflower,
mints, dill and safflower are showing considerable increase in
area across the prairies . Herb and medicinal plants
production is also on the rise. It is estimated that total area of
all these crops in Alberta reached almost 800.000 acres in
1998. It is expected to increase at a higher rate in the years to
come.
"The Opportunities and Profits II Conference brings together
researchers, traders, processors, and producers with hands on
experience to share their knowledge with conference
participants on field scale production, processing, value-
adding, niche markets, and
international and domestic marketing of special crops," adds
Chaudhary. "The conference also provides an excellent
opportunity to interested parties to increase their network. The
resource people for the conference, local, national and
international are well known experts and experienced in their
respective areas."
In addition to receiving financial support from several
chemical, fertilizer, seed companies and financial institutions,
this conference is being co-sponsored by Alberta Agriculture
Research Institute: Agriculture and Food Council - Canadian
Adaptation and Rural Development Fund (CARDF); Agriculture
& Agri-Food Canada - Agri-Food Trade 2000
More information and registration brochures are available at
any Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development district
offices or by calling: Wayne Goruk at (403) 427-3122.
Dr. Stan Blade at (403) 422-1789 or Kathy Lowther at
(-103) 556-4220.
Contact Nabi Chaudhary
(403) 422-4054
September 28, 1998 - page 4
Venting gassy wells
It seems that every year there are reports of natural gas
explosions and fires in pump houses. Usually, no one is
injured but it's a dangerous situation. This type of explosion
can happen when gassy wells aren't vented properly. Natural
gas in farm water wells is a common problem in Alberta.
Usually there is not enough gas to be usable, just enough to be
a nuisance, and sometimes enough to be an explosion hazard.
"Methane gas is colourless and odourless," says Ken
Williamson, agricultural water specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Red Deer. "At high
enough levels the gas can be seen or heard bubbling in the
well. Often the gas is dissolved in the water due to the high
pressure and low temperature down in the well. When the well
is pumped hard and the water level is drawn down, the gas will
come out of solution, due to the reduced pressure, and form
gas bubbles. If this gas is trapped somewhere, such as in a
well pit or pump house, it can build up to an explosive level.
The spark from a pump motor or pressure switch can then set
off an explosion."
There are several ways to prevent a dangerous situation from
occurring. One is to make sure the well casing is vented to the
outside. Fortunately, most new wells are located away from
buildings and use pitless adaptors and vented caps. Some
older wells, located in pits, pump houses, and house
basements, are the ones with the highest risk, particularly in
the winter when these structures are sealed up to protect them
from freezing. In these situations the top of the well casing
must be vented to the outside.
"Gas can also accumulate in pressure tanks and hot water
heaters," adds Williamson. "When this happens, the gas builds
up until it spurts out of household taps. The burst of gas can
knock a drinking glass out of someone's hand or catch fire if
there is a source of ignition. Gas release vents can be installed
on some pressure tanks and on hot water heaters. These will
not totally solve all gas problems, but can make them
tolerable."
The only way to completely remove dissolved gas from water is
to spray it into a ventilated tank and then repressurize the
water with another pump.
For more information, the Alberta Agriculture's Agri-fax,
Dissolved Gases in Well Water (Agdex 716 Dl 8), discusses
gassy well problems in more detail. It is available at all Alberta
Agriculture district offices and at the publications office,
7000 - 113 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Contact: Ken Williamson
(403) 340-5324
New deadline for environmental
programming grants
The deadline for applications to the Farm Based component of
the Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture (AESA)
program has been moved ahead to November 30, 1998.
"The deadline was moved to November 30 in order to
streamline the planning and application process," says Bruce
Beattie, chair of the AESA Council which directs the program.
"Feedback received from municipalities and some
organizations prompted the AESA Council to change last year's
January deadline so that it coincides with year-end financial
and work planning."
Agricultural service boards, agricultural and environmental
organizations and Native groups can apply for funding under
the AESA Farm Based component to carry out extension
projects that reduce agricultural impacts on the environment.
Under the program, applicants are required to prepare three-
year plans outlining priority issues for their organization,
program details and activities, partnerships and budget. Funds
are provided on a cost-shared basis.
"Last year, the AESA Farm Based component funded
589 projects totalling over $2 million," says Beattie. "Projects
funded range from direct seeding demonstrations to manure
management workshops to riparian area assessments and
demonstrations. The Council was extremely pleased with the
quality and variety of projects carried out in the past year and
looks forward to the continuation of many of these projects as
well as new projects."
The AESA program was implemented by Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development in 1997 to continue the
development and adoption of management practices and
technologies that make the agricultural production and
processing industry more environmentally sustainable.
In addition to the Farm Based component, the program also
provides funding for research, monitoring of soil and water
quality and developing more environmentally friendly food
processing practices.
Applications for the Farm Based component of the /VESA
Program are available from the Conservation and
Development Branch, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, #206, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, Alberta
T6H 5T6, or by calling (403) 422-4385. Applications are also
available on the Alberta Agriculture Internet site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/navigation/sustain/about/
index.html
Contact: Bruce Beattie Carol Betlac
(403) 638-3735 (403) 427-3885
Livestock Advisory Group
recommendations to SPC this
fall
This fall, the Government of Alberta is releasing the results of
the recent public consultation process on regulatory options
for livestock operations. As well, a newly-appointed
stakeholder advisory group plans to share its
recommendations on how to best facilitate responsible
development and operation of livestock operations.
"Albertans want government to ensure that the livestock
industry develops and prospers in a manner that is
environmentally sustainable and protects human health. They
also want local matters to remain with municipal
government," says Mike Pearson with the Policy Secretariat of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "This
message was given to the provincial government during the
recent consultations and was echoed by the stakeholder
advisory group formed by the Minister of Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Ed Stelmach."
Over 800 Albertans attended 18 open houses across the
province to share their views on how livestock operations
should be regulated. As well, the advisory group received
238 written submissions from interested Albertans and
organizations. The advisory group was formed to assist in the
review of public response to the Regulatory Options for
Livestock Operations Discussion Paper. The Discussion Paper
was published last March in response to concerns expressed
by municipal governments, livestock producers and private
citizens regarding the current process for approval of new
livestock facilities.
The Discussion Paper also asked for the public's input on
maintaining the environmental sustainability of existing
livestock operations. Comments were made on the approval
process, operating regulations, compliance and enforcement
options. These ideas will become the basis for
recommendations to be brought to the Standing Policy
Committee (SPC) on Agriculture and Rural Di.elopment in
November, 1998. The advisory group anticipates that if new
regulations are required to meet its objectives, these
regulations may be implemented in 1999-
The purpose of this process is to ensure that new and
expanding intensive livestock facilities are properly sited,
designed and operated based on sound science to ensure
minimum risk of soil and water contamination and minimum
odour nuisances. These same standards may also apply to
existing operations. Ideally, all stakeholders would understand
their roles and responsibilities. Alberta Agriculture continues
to facilitate responsible livestock development and is working
toward efficient and effective approval processes.
"We appreciate the time and effort that people put into their
responses." adds Pearson. "The responses are very thorough
Alberta has a reputation for providing the world with high
September 28, 1998 - page 5
quality food We want to maintain our competitive edge in
global markets with our producers' continued commitment to
sustainable farming practices."
Governments and industry across Canada have also expressed
interest in the Regulatory Options for Livestock Operations
Discussion Paper.
The advisory group is co-chaired by Barry Mehr. .Assistant
Deputy Minister, Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development and Aaron Falkenberg, Alberta Chicken
Producers. The advisory group members include
representatives from the Alberta Association of Municipal
Districts and Counties, Alberta Urban Municipalities
Association, Environmental Law Centre, Regional Health
Authorities of Alberta, Alberta Cattle Commission, Alberta Pork
Producers. Alberta Cattle Feeders' .Association, Alberta Milk
Producers, .Alberta Agriculture, Alberta Environmental
Protection, Alberta Health and Alberta Municipal Affairs
Contact: Barry Mehr Mike Pearson
(403) 427-2442 (403) 422-2070
New directors named at
Alberta's Crop Diversification
Centres
Dr. Stan Blade. PAg., was recently appointed Director of the
Crop Diversification Centre North (CDCN). Edmonton. CDCN is
a research station, supported by the plant industry division of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, which is
actively involved in research associated with special crops,
greenhouse production, vegetables, apiculture, entomology,
seed potatoes, nursery crops, plant pathology and tissue
culture and other diversification opportunities.
"The potential for crop diversification in Alberta is very
exciting," notes Blade "We anticipate continued collaboration
with producers and processors to grow and add value to a
growing arrav of crops in the province."
Blade was also named Leader of the New Crop Development
Unit, responsible for the special crops program. The Unit has
the mandate to conduct production and processing research
on a wide variety of potential new crops for the province. The
Unit has scientists and technical staff based in Edmonton,
Lacombe, Falher and Brooks. Blade's own special crops
research program will continue under his guidance, with
emphasis on pulses, spices, medicinal plants and fibre
species.
Dr. Ron Howard was recently appointed Director at the Crop
Diversification Centre South (CDCS), Brooks, and as Leader of
the Horticulture Unit in the plant industry division. Howard
will oversee the activities of over three dozen permanent staff
working in the areas of research, technology transfer,
administrative support and farm operations.
Conl d on page 6
September 28, 1998 - page 6
"There are significant opportunities for expansion of primary
production and value-added processing within the
horticultural industry in the province," says Howard. "I am
pleased to be associated with such a dynamic and fast-growing
industry and look forward to working with the many dedicated
people and organizations involved in it."
With over 23 years experience with Alberta Agriculture, he will
be responsible for directing programs concerned with
production, protection, storage, processing and marketing of
fruits, vegetables, greenhouse crops, potatoes and nursery
crops. These programs and their associated staff are based at
CDCS and CDCN. Howard will also continue to do research and
extension work related to plant disease management.
The horticultural industry in Alberta is currently valued at over
$250 million. Blade and Howard, in their capacity as
Directors, will actively encourage further development of this
industry.
Contact: Dr. Stan Blade Dr. Ron Howard
(403) 422-1789 (403) 362-1300
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51594 8400
Agri-News Briefs
Agribusiness Management Training
The new Alberta Green Certificate initiative, Agribusiness
Management, is based on an industry approved curriculum
reflecting knowledge and skills in all areas of management. A
major feature of the program is the use of the Internet to
connect program participants with acknowledged experts. As in
all Green Certificate apprenticeship style training, the Green
Certificate in Agribusiness Management will be granted when
performance standards have been met. The program is
available throughout the province and the course runs from
November 1998 to April 1999- The cost, approximately $500,
is dependent on the number of participants at each location
sharing resources. For further information, contact a regional
Green Certificate Training Specialist or Green Certificate,
Agriculture Education and Community Services, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development at (403) 427-4308;
fax: (403) 422-7755; ore-mail: don.bushe@agric.gov.ab.ca
Poinsettia production
Two Poinsettia Production Open Houses, hosted by the Alberta
Greenhouse Growers Association are scheduled for October 7,
1998, at Balzac Garden Centre and Greenhouses, #237 Main
Street, Balzac, Alberta and October 14, 1998 at Morinville
Greenhouses. Start time for both open houses is 1:00 p.m.
and will continue until approximately 4:30 p.m. The topics
covered will include: Challenges to Growing High Quality
Poinsettias and How to Manage Insect Pests. Each day will
wind up with a tour of the greenhouse facilities. For further
information and to register, contact Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza at
Alberta Agriculture's Crop Diversification Centre North, (403)
415-2303.
1 998 Agronomy update
Alberta Agriculture will be holding the annual Agronomy
Update conference in Lethbridge on January 21 to 22, 1999
The conference is intended to provide an update on the latest
agronomic research going on in the province. Over 30
speakers will be discussing their latest results. There will be a
number of sessions with most having an in-depth panel
discussion period. Sessions include:
• Soil fertility and soil management - new fertilizer products,
elemental S fertilizer, measuring soil quality and soil health
• Manure management update - lessons from long-term
research plots, composting manure and new research
projects being initiated
• Silage production - utilizing barley, triticale and corn for
silage
• Insect update - outbreak forecasts, new research,
developing crop resistance to insects, environmental
impact of insecticides and bio-control of insects
• Crop production research - including canola and cereal
research, growing high protein wheat and optimizing pea
production
• Crop rotation research - why rotations are critical to
optimizing yields and importance of rotations in disease
control
• Herbicide and weed update - precision spraying of
weeds, controlling dandelions in zero-till and hay,
effect of time of weed removal on yields, integrated
weed management, update on weed resistance to
herbicides and implications for on-farm herbicide
management.
For more information or to register, contact Ross McKenzie
(403) 381-5842 or Alberta Agriculture staff at the agronomy
unit office (403) 381-5126, Lethbridge.
Agri -News
October 5, 1998
Laugh a little - learn a little
Humour is often used to drive home a message. A chuckle or
a smile seem to act as a memory enhancer. Mixing humour
with agricultural messages is the idea behind a new industry
sponsored program called The Flip Side of Agriculture
"Ag in the Classroom. Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's educational program, is partnering with
agriculture industries to make cartoon and information
columns available to Alberta media and agriculture media in
western Canada for use as weekly insertions." says Bern
Gabert. Ag in the Classroom program manager. "We have the
first 10 ready and they will be delivered to Alberta print media
this week. The Flip Side program is intended mainly to raise
awareness of the Ag in the Classroom program which has been
in operation in Alberta for 14 years."
Timing of the production of the first Flip Side pieces, the week
of October 5. make it possible for print media to begin using
the series during this year's Agriculture and Food Week,
October 11 to 17. The Flip Side of Agriculture is intended to
inform and entertain. The columns and cartoons are being
offered for media's use on a regular basis.
United Grain Growers (UGG) are the industry sponsors for the
first 10 pieces. Included with the introductory package, media
will find a re-order form that they can submit back to Ag in the
Classroom to receive regular Flip Side additions.
"Anyone wishing access to the weekly columns and cartoons
for reprint are welcome to them," adds Gabert. "The only
restriction is that the columns and cartoons are not to be used
for resale. We hope to continue producing Flip Side cartoons
and accompanying columns on a variety of agricultural
subjects. Agriculture industries are invited to sponsor future
additions. For their sponsorship, their company logo would be
featured on the cartoons."
Agriculture industries can contact Betty Gabert at
(403) 427-4225 for further information on the Flip Side of
Agriculture and for details on what sponsorship entails.
The Flip Side of Agriculture
Mrs. Turkey has a right to be upset: a flock of turkevs usually
numbers in the thousands. Every year, two million turkevs are
raised commercially in Alberta. The result is approximately
14 million kilograms of fresh turkey (not all eaten at
Thanksgiving, of course)
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Laugh a little - learn a little 1
Spice crops and related weed science 3
Agri-business management training 4
Harvest time and Thanksgiving 5
Rat sighting season 5
Comprehensive risk management 6
Briefs 7
A^Cl'JVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbdtCI
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Octobers, 1998 -page 2
Turkeys and Thanksgiving dinner go way back. The Pilgrims
who arrived in North America in the 17,h century are generally
credited with first serving turkey at a feast to celebrate the
harvest, later known as Thanksgiving. In fact, this was one of
the many things copied from their aboriginal friends.
The turkey at that first feast didn't look exactly like our turkeys
now. For one thing, it was a wild turkey the Pilgrims had on
their plates. The average wild turkey cock weighs between
seven and eight kilograms, about the same as a medium-sized
domestic turkey today. The difference is that modern turkeys
have been selectively bred for plump, tender breasts and
thighs. In comparison, wild turkeys look as if they spend most
of their time working out at the gym. They're leaner, more
muscular and, unlike today's turkeys, have wings large and
strong enough to enable them to fly quite well.
Our modern turkeys can be proud of their ancestry. They have
the distinction of being the only major source of meat to
originate in North America. Native tribes in Mexico and the
southwestern United States began domesticating wild turkeys
as early as 400 A.D. Early explorers of the New World took the
birds back to Europe, where they quickly became popular.
These European turkeys were later reintroduced to North
America by the colonists. Over time, selective breeding
resulted in larger, meatier birds with large breasts and tiny
useless wings.
Here's a feather in the turkey's cap: 46 per cent is edible,
more than any other type of poultry. Pound for pound, it is
usually less expensive than beef, pork or lamb. Clearly, the
turkey has more to recommend it than simply tradition. No
wonder it keeps on being invited onto our Thanksgiving dinner
tables.
Vne F(?P SMe of A^tcJi
You wa*-r ss.e +o Cook Tnavikj-
feck ?[? get stuffed, tom 1
The Flip Side of Agriculture
Alberta farms and ranches are becoming home to a variety of
exotic birds and beasts. From elk to emus; angora rabbits to
rhea; non-traditional livestock are part of the trend toward
diversity in Alberta agriculture.
Some of the new faces on farms have always been found in
AJberta - elk. bison and deer, to name just a few. But otheis
are true exotics.
Several large, flightless birds are also starting to pop up on
menus as alternatives to prime rib. The ostrich, an immigrant
from South Africa, has been joined by emus from Australia
and rhea from South America. In addition to low-cholesterol
red meat, these big birds provide interesting leather for boots
and bags, and oils used in cosmetics.
Llamas are quickly becoming a familiar sight, and are now
being joined by their alpaca cousins. Alpacas were originally
domesticated over 5,000 years ago in South America. Both are
raised primarily for their warm, soft, strong hair. Alpacas have
the distinction of once clothing the royal families of the
ancient Inca civilization.
And, if you still can't find the perfect sweater, take heart.
Angora, cashmere and mohair adorn the backs of still other
exotic species and breeds finding their way to Alberta. So, next
time you're driving in a rural area, take a second look at
what's looking over the fence. You may be surprised at what is
looking back at you.
"The flip Side o-f Agn'c^ | -/-ore
And yer+e"iVi' rue you all
have jobs o* Algeria -Taws'?.'/
Abzm
V.K'iu \liku il.c
\K:-l.l KjMSCsiltjllv
:n the ( laswwKti Pnwai
Contact: Betty Gabert
(403) 427-4225
Spice crops and related weed
science
In Alberta, some producers have chosen spice crops to
diversify their crop production choices. The major spice crops
in western Canada are caraway and coriander which are grown
on approximately 18,250 and 9,300 acres, respectively
"Alberta produces 2. 700 acres of caraway." says Rudy Esau,
weed scientist at Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's Crop Diversification Centre South (CDCS),
Brooks. "No published data are available on coriander
production in Alberta. However, there are small pockets of
coriander production across the province. According to the
1996 Census of Agriculture, dill was produced on almost 1,800
acres in Western Canada and about 440 acres in Alberta
Cumin is grown on a smaller scale in Saskatchewan and
Alberta."
Caraway is most commonly grown as a biennial crop although
annual varieties are being developed. Its uses are mainly for
flavouring baking and cheese products. The seeds of coriander
and cumin are also used for flavouring foods and are an
ingredient in curry. Dill is grown mainly for its oil which is
used in pickles and other foods.
When considering spice crops, producers should be aware of
the crops' special weed control problems and other agronomic
management aspects. Production and management of these
special crops, with the exception of cumin, have been studied
at CDCS.
"The Weed Science Program at CDCS has conducted a number
of tests to develop herbicide programs for caraway, coriander
and dill," says Esau. "These three crops and cumin are
botanically related as members of the parsley or Apiucecie
family. Carrot is also related to these spice crops, so some of
the weed control practises already developed for carrot were a
starting point for developing a weed control program for spice
crops."
Caraway, coriander and dill are tolerant to trifluralin (Treflan
and related products) and ethalfluralin (Edge), however, only-
Edge is registered for use in these crops. Poast is registered for
the control of certain grasses, including the suppression of
quackgrass. Caraway, generally is seeded with a companion
crop, therefore growers must ensure that the herbicide used is
compatible with both crops.
October 5, 1998 -page 3
"Companion crops for caraway production have been
investigated by Dr. Refe (iaudiel. who until his recent
retirement, was responsible for the Special Crops Program at
CDCS," adds Esau "In both study years. flax and barley caused
significant reductions of carawav seed production in the
following year. Canola was only tested one vear. but no caraway
seed yields were realized in the first harvest. To develop a
herbicide program with safety on both crops is more difficult
and restrictive depending on the choice of a companion crop.
Coriander has been successfully used as a companion crop at
CDCS
Screening trials with various herbicides have shown that
metribuzin, clopyralid. MCPA and several others are too toxic
to caraway. Herbicides to control Canada thistle and perennial
or annual sow thistle are not available for use in these spice
crops, but a product is available to control wild mustard
Linuron (Afolan, Lorox. Linuron 480) herbicide, commonly
used for commercial carrot production, provides control of
wild mustard, has been tested for caraway, coriander and dill.
Of these three crops, dill is the most sensitive to linuron
products. After research trials in Alberta atid Saskatchewan.
Afolan F was registered via the minor use of pesticides
program for the 1997 growing season for caraway and
coriander seedlings; Afolan F had been registered for dill
earlier. Lower than label rates of linuron have been evaluated
for dill from 1994 to 1997. Oil yields of dill and carvone
content were not significantly affected when a combination of
Edge preplant incorporated followed by linuron application at
the two-leaf stage of the crop. The combination of these two
herbicides provided the best weed control and crop safety to
dill.
"The Weed Science Program continues to generate information
on weed management programs for special crops." says Esau.
"Work is underway for desi chickpeas, canaryseed, and dry
beans. In previous years, development work for fenugreek,
spearmint, peppermint, and basil was also conducted In
addition, the persistence of several soil persistent herbicides
used in special crops is also being investigated."
Contact: Rudy Esau
(403) 362-1331
October 5, 1998 - page 4
Agri-business management
training
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Green
Certificate Program, an apprenticeship style competency based
training program, has announced a new Agribusiness
Management Certificate. This comprehensive training initiative
brings together all factors of production and operations
management, financial management, human resources
organizational planning, marketing, risk management,
business development and enterprise management.
"As in all Green Certificate Programs, the Agribusiness
Management Certificate is based on an industry-approved
curriculum with objective performance standards," says Don
Bushe, consultant to Agriculture Education & Community
Services, Alberta Agriculture Food & Rural Development. "The
curriculum sets out the knowledge to be learned and provides
the benchmark for performance. On-the-job application of
skills and knowledge is provided by the participating
agribusiness."
A grant from the Farm Business Management Program
(FBMP) provides participants with self-study video and print
resources. Applying skills on-the-job is aided by contact with
experts on key content topics using the conferencing facilities
of the Internet.
As part of the program, trainees receive: up to 20 printed
modules; as many as six video tapes; and, access to experts
on-line.
On-line expert assistance includes, Dr. Len Bauer, noted rural
economist, who heads the panel of experts presenting the
basic economics, production management, risk, and financial
topics and Lome Owen, human resources expert, coordinates
the discussion applying staffing topics. In addition, a panel of
experts representing commodity groups and enterprises
particular to the participants will be identified to guide the
application of marketing theory.
"Agribusiness Management Training starts in November 1998
and continues through April 1999," says Bushe. "There are
three testing periods where participants will be asked to
demonstrate their mastery of the objectives. All participants in
Agribusiness Management Training receive a Certificate of
Participation. Each participant's training record monitors
progress in earning a Green Certificate in Agribusiness
Management. When the objectives and standards in the
curriculum have been met, the Green Certificate in
Agribusiness Management is granted."
For further information, program details, costs, on-line
addresses and topics, contact:
Agriculture Education & Community Services
Alberta Agriculture Food & Rural Development
7005 - 114 Street
Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6
Phone: (403) 427-4308
Fax: (403) 422-7755
e-mail: don.busheC" agric.gov.ab.ca
Or, contact a regional Green Certificate Training Specialist:
Southern Region
John Calpas
Lethbridge Community College
3000 College Drive
Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6
Phone: (403) 320-331 1
Fax: (403) 317-3540
e-mail: Imvanden(« raptor.lethbridge.ab.ca
Central West Region
Garry Clark
Alberta Agriculture
Box 4535, Provincial Building
Barrhead, AB T7N 1A4
Phone: (403) 674-8213
Fax: (403) 674-8362
e-mail: shirley.lynesfa agric.gov.ab.ca
South Central Region
Cara Anderson
Olds College
4500 - 50th Street
Olds.AB T4H 1R6
Phone: (403)507-7928
Fax: (403)556-4711
e-mail: canderson(3 admin. oldscollege.ag.ca
South Central Region
Janet Veno
Olds College
4500 - 50th Street
Olds, AB T4H 1R6
Phone: (403) 556-4663
Fax: (403) 556-4711
e-mail: jveno(§ admin. oldscollege.ag.ca
North East Region
Walter Scott
Alberta Agriculture
Provincial Building, 4701-52 St, Box 519
Vermillion, AB T9X 1J9
Phone: (403) 853-8223
Fax: (403) 853-4776
e-mail: pat.feenstra(5 agric.gov.ab.ca
Cont it an page 5
North West Region
Peggy Johnson
Fairview College
Box 3000
Fairview, AB TOH 1L0
Phone: (403) 835-6737
Fax: (403) 835-6783
e-mail: spjohn(a telusplanet.net
Contact: Don Busbe
(403) 427-4308
Harvest time and Thanksgiving
Harvest has been bountiful Summer was warm and sunny.
Winter isn't here - yet. .VII solid reasons for being thankful.
•Thanksgiving is a harvest celebration. Canadian Thanksgiving
celebrations are the result of combining both European and
North American traditions. " says Linda St Onge. food scientist
with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. Leduc.
"Settlers celebrated harvest time and the abundance of food
gathered that would sustain them over the coming winter.
Celebrating the harvest usually included adding new foods to
the feast that weren't available in the old country ."
Whether choosing turkey, chicken, ham or beef, be sure to
prepare, cook, serve and store the Thanksgiving feast properly
and safely. Preparation time is probably the most labour
intensive. Handling raw meat deserves some extra care and
attention. Be sure to wipe down surfaces both before and after
preparing meat. Use clean utensils for cutting, scoring and
lifting. Be sure to wash utensils in soapy water before using
again.
"It takes very little time to sanitize the surface where raw meat
has been sitting before chopping up vegetables but it makes a
huge difference in controlling the transfer of bacteria." says St.
Onge. "The best rule to follow is to wash all surfaces and all
utensils before and after using them. Use a tablespoon of
bleach in a gallon of water to wipe surfaces on which raw
meats have been prepared. This step helps eliminate
bacteria."
Make sure to follow the guidelines for temperature and time to
thoroughly cook meats. Meat thermometers make it easy to
monitor the internal temperature of meats to ensure they are
cooked properly.
"After meal clean-up and storing are equally important." notes
St. Onge. "Be sure to wrap and refrigerate meats as soon as
possible after the meal is over. Vegetables and sauces should
be wrapped and refrigerated right away. also.
"Have a safe, wholesome holiday. Remember, taking a few
extra minutes can make a big difference with holiday left-
overs."
October 5, 1998 -page 5
Thanksgiving dinner ideas are many and varied Alberta s
producer groups have interesting ideas on serving traditional
dishes with some new twists Alberta Turkev Producers
( )().•>) 465-5755; Alberta Chicken Producers (4()3) 488-2125;
Alberta Pork Producers (403) 47-4-8288; and. Alberta Cattle
Commission (403) 275-4400 all provide information to the
Alberta public about their product including cooking and
handling instructions and interesting, innovative recipes for
making your Thanksgiving feast.
Contact: Linda St. Onge
(403) 980-4873
Rat sighting season
Late summer and early fall is when many rodent species are
on the move in search of winter quarters and new territory. It's
also a time when Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development receives the greatest number of suspect rat
sightings.
"Young muskrats. pocket gophers, ground squirrels and mice
are often misidentified as Norway rats." says John Bourne,
provincial vertebrate pest specialist with Alberta Agriculture.
Vermilion. "Circumstances surrounding the sightings of
rodents place heavy suspicions on the Norway rat. For
instance, a medium sized rodent scurrying down an alley at
dusk or an animal with a long, hairless-tail running across an
open parking lot are unusual locations for ordinary rodents.
That coupled with the fact that most Albertans don't know
what a Norway rat looks like, are the main causes for the
increase in rat sighting calls."
Young rodents disperse from their family unit and seek new
territory in late summer and early fall. Unfortunately, this
often lands the naive, relatively clueless creatures into some
very unlikely settings. Young muskrats crossing roadways at
dusk or juvenile gophers, ground squirrels and muskrats in
dimly lit garages, lumber yards, vacant lots, on sidewalks or
curbs lead people to believe that the creatures must be rats.
"In other situations, unidentified rodent remains found at
back doors or on lawns, cause residents to suspect a rat." adds
Bourne. "An adult Norway rat is no small rodent. Adults can
weigh up to one pound and measure over 15 inches in length,
which includes a six to seven inch tail A young muskrat is
almost exactly the same size and weight, but will appear larger
because of its soft, thick undercoat.
"The distinguishing features of a Norway rat. apart from its
size is the cylindrical or rope-like, tapered tail that is nearly as
long as the body and is covered with short bristly hairs.
Another major feature is the rat's colouring; the underbelly is
w hitish or buff while the sides and back are distinctly tan or
brownish in color The hair is short with no undercoat or
guard hairs. Rats also have long facial whiskers."
Cont'd on page 6
October 5, 1998 - page 6
Norway rat droppings are unique. They are best described as
the size and shape of a black olive pit (1/2 to 3/4 inch), shiny
black in color and blunt at both ends.
"The most important steps to take in reporting a suspicious
rodent is to contact an Alberta Agriculture office as soon as
possible and, where applicable, preserve as much evidence,
such as animal remains, as possible," says Bourne.
To report a suspicious rodent sighting, call (403) 853-8225.
The number is toll free in Alberta by dialling 310-0000 first
and then dialling or asking for 853-8225.
Contact: John Bourne
(403) 853-8225
Comprehensive risk
management
Farming is influenced by many factors, some under a farm
manager's control and some totally outside that control. A
recent paper by the Canadian Farm Business Management
Council (CFBMC) states that, "the purpose of risk
management is not to eliminate risk entirely, but to manage
risk to an acceptable level for effective farm performance".
"The concept of risk management is being talked about a great
deal lately," says Nan Bartlett, program representative for
Canada-Alberta Farm Business Management Program (FBMP).
"Introduction to Risk Management, a U.S. Department of
Agriculture publication, gives two main reasons for this. First,
because many factors are beyond their control, farm and
ranch managers are in a volatile risk environment. These
factors include: global and national integration of agriculture;
changing consumer demands and concerns; the rapid
development of new technology; and, changes in the
composition of the farm population.
"Second, the potential to take advantage of new opportunities
to increase earnings and net worth through more disciplined
risk management has never been greater."
Comprehensive risk management is a holistic approach to
addressing the full range of risk variables in an integrated way.
Each decision a farm manager makes impacts another. For
instance, marketing plans can increase creditworthiness and
have a positive benefit on the cost of credit.
"Risk management is a process, not an end product," says
Bartlett. "It allows farm managers to take advantage of new
opportunities and farm with confidence in a rapidly changing
world."
Farmers looking for more information on risk management
are invited to take advantage of some upcoming opportunities.
The Canadian arm of Business Management Council and the
Canadian Federation of Agriculture are offering an Agriculture
Risk Management Conference in Hull, Quebec on October 28
and 29, 1998. The two days focus on identifying emerging
issues in Canadian agriculture and the implications of
emerging risks for farm and agri-business managers. For
more information, phone 1-888-232-3262 or visit the CFBMC
Internet site at http://www.cfbmc.com
"Closer to home, the Alberta FBMP is focusing the fall edition
of the Right Now publication on risk management," adds
Bartlett. "Farmers and ranchers will find it in mailboxes in
mid-October."
Contact: Nan Bartlett
(403)835-4288
Octobers, 1998 -page 7
Agri-News Briefs
Horse Whisperer training
Chris Irwin, known as the Canadian Horse Whisperer, is beint;
brought to Alberta by Olds College to teach a course on this
unique skill, called Discover Your Horse Sense. The course,
being held in partnership with the Okotoks Agricultural
Society, is scheduled lor on October 23 to 25 in Okotoks. While
the course is already full, spectators can attend for a 525 per
day fee. Irwin, who has released a book and a series of
instructional videos on his training methods, regularly lectures
at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine at the University
of Saskatchewan. He has an extensive background in a wide
variety of horse disciplines and has earned 18 National U.S.
Championships in riding and driving. Because interest has
been so keen. Olds College is inviting Irwin back and will offer
Discover Your Horse Sense again in 1999. For more
information about auditing the fall course or receiving
information on next year's course dates, contact Jennifer
Hunder or the Olds College Kxtension department at
1-800-661-6537 or (403) 556-8344 in Olds.
1999 Banff Pork Seminar
The 1999 Banff Pork Seminar (BPS) is being held on January
12 to 15, 1999 at the Banff Centre for Conferences. The theme
of the seminar is Risk Factors to Profit and Growth. Seminar
highlights include sessions on: how to survive and thrive in
tomorrow's pork industry; solving problems of new bams and
introducing new stock; production without risk to soil, water,
air and human health; and. managing production for
increases efficiency The program also includes an opportunity
to discuss current topics, a poster session featuring Alberta
research activities and several interactive workshops. For more
information, contact Banff Pork Seminar at
(403)492-3236, fax: (403)492-9130. e-mail:
bps(// agns.ualberta.ca or. visit the BPS Internet site at:
http://www.afns.ualberta.ca bps
Fundamentais of extrusion
processing
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Food
Processing Development Centre is offering a course on
extrusion processing on November 9 to 11. 1998 at the Centre
in Leduc. The three-dav seminar and workshop will provide an
overview of extrusion processing and address a range of
processing application aeeds throughout the value-added
agricultural industry. Discussions as well as actual
demonstrations of both theoretical and practical issues related
to the design and operation of extrusion processes are
included. Registration fee for the course is $400 plus GST.
Registration deadline is November 2. For more information,
contact Connie Phillips at the Centre, (4()3)l)SO- -iS(>5 or
e-mail: connie.phillips(ff agric.gov.ab.ca
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51594 8467
October 12, 1998
Use resource centres to
research agri-business ideas
Agriculture and Food Week is a great catalyst to encourage
Albertans to stop by one of the many business and
diversification resource centres across the province and
research their agri-business ideas. The centres are there to
help turn ideas into businesses.
Agriculture and Food Week, October 12 through 16,
celebrates the contribution of agriculture and food industries
in Alberta. "From our perspective, this week could also be the
stimulus for rural entrepreneurs to look at how to venture into
new agriculture and food businesses," notes Janice McGregor,
rural development specialist - business with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Morinville. "We're
encouraging people to come into a centre because they are
designed for rural entrepreneurs to research new ventures,"
she adds.
Many of the centres are located in Alberta Agriculture offices.
Some can be found in public libraries. A list of locations is
attached.
Each resource centre offers clients a wide variety of
information about how they can start or grow their agri-
business venture. This includes business plan and marketing
information as well as specifics on alternative livestock,
horticulture, food processing and agri-tourism. Resources,
from books to cassette tapes, can be borrowed free of charge.
"The centres complement the services and resources rural
development specialists - business offer to rural
entrepreneurs such as business start-up information and
Ag-Venture industry profiles." says Marian Williams, rural
development specialist - business. Camrose.
This Week is
Agriculture and Food Week
Putting Harvest Back Into Thanksgiving
This Week
Use resource centres to research agri-business
ideas
1
4-Her's promote "Alberta Made"
2
Meeting farm labour laws in the hog industry
3
Apples for Teachers
3
Prairie berries - Alberta 's sweet success story
4
Ministers make recommendations on grain
handling and transportation
5
Briefs
6
Conl d on page 2
A$X\-]V(}WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbdtQ
. ..... . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrmews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
October 12, 1998 - page 2
Each centre also includes an Internet kiosk where users can
check what the worldwide web has to offer in their particular
area of interest. An already established set of bookmarks can
take them directly to sites already identified as useful and
informative.
Some of the resource centres have been developed with the
assistance and co-operation of other organizations in the
community. For example, the Hanna centre is staffed by the
Hanna Association for Life Long Learning, one of the centre
partners. Other partners include the local Chamber of
Commerce, Meridian Community Futures, the Hanna Public
Library and Alberta Economic Development.
For more information, contact the local rural development
specialist - business or call the local Alberta Agriculture
district office to get connected.
Contact: Cathy Wolters Janice McGregor
(403) 349-4465 (403) 939-4352
Marian Williams
(403) 679-1210
Rural Development Specialists - Business
• Linda Hawk, Hanna (403) 854-5500
• Sharon Homeniuk, Stony Plain (403) 963-6101
• Morley Kjargaard, St. Paul (403) 645-6301
• Tim Keating, Falher (403) 837-221 1
• Kathy Lowther or Donna Fluery, Airdrie (403) 948-8537
• Elvira Smid, Medicine Hat (403) 529-3616
• Janice McGregor, Morinville (403) 939-4352
• Leona Reynolds-Zayak, Vermilion (403) 853-8101
• Lori-Jo Graham, Claresholm (403) 625-1445
• Lynn Stegman, Lacombe (403) 782-3301
• Jan Warren, Vulcan (403) 485-2236
• Marian Williams, Camrose (403) 679-1210
• Cathy Wolters, Westlock (403) 349-4465
(Kerry Engel returns November 1998)
Resource Centre Locations
Except as indicated, the centre can be found at the Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development district office.
Central
Airdrie - public library
Canmore - public library
Coronation
Hanna
Lacombe
Olds
Three Hills
Rocky Mountain House - Memorial Public Library
Northeast
Camrose
St. Paul
Sedgewick
Smoky Lake
Vermilion
Wainwright
Peace
Falher
Northwest
Leduc
Morinville
Stony Plain
Westlock
South
Claresholm
Medicine Hat
Vulcan
High River - Highwood
Business Development Centre
4-Her's promote "Alberta Made
Thirteen 4-H members were recently selected to promote
Alberta food and beverage products across the province. These
Alberta Made Ambassadors are part of a network promoting
local industry, seeking growing markets for Alberta farm
products, spurring community economic activity and creating
jobs across Alberta.
"We chose Alberta's 4-H program to work with because it
attracts people that are passionate about agriculture and their
community. We've since learned how highly skilled and well-
trained 4-H'ers are in communication and leadership. They
are also eager to learn more about the capacity agriculture and
food industry has for value-added initiatives," says Ken Gibson,
president of the Alberta Food Processors Association (AFPA).
Early in October, the Alberta Made Ambassadors received
training that included overviews of Alberta's food industry,
providing quality service, developing a marketing plan, and
dealing with the media.
Each Alberta Made Ambassador has been teamed with a local
coach who works in Alberta's food industry. Together with their
coach they will develop a marketing program for their
community. Marketing activities may include: presentations to
school, community and business groups, participation in local
fairs, and sessions with grocers and restaurant owners. The
coaches are encouraged to impart lessons beyond just the food
industry to help the 4-H'ers develop an entrepreneurial
attitude and form the beginning of a career network.
"We hope the program raises awareness of the impact the food
and beverage industry has on Alberta's economy, as well as the
variety and world-class quality of locally processed Alberta
Made food and beverage products," adds Gibson. "Alberta's
food and beverage industry needs a skilled, energetic and
enthusiastic workforce to compete in our global knowledge-
based economy. Another exciting feature of the Alberta Made
Cont'd on page 3
Ambassador program is exposure to the vast array of potential
careers in food and beverage processing for the youth involved
in the program
Ambassadors receive a bursary during a 13 week internship.
I- port satisfactory completion of their internship, the Alberta
Made Ambassadors receive a matching bursary to attend a
post-secondary institution in the province.
Contact: Ken Gibson (403) 444-2272
Carol Sullivan (403) 422-4114/1(4444)
Meeting farm labour laws in the
hog industry
As the number of intensive livestock operations increases and
the nature of farm labour changes, the laws governing farm
workers are under examination. In Alberta, farm workers are
not covered by standard employment laws. This means they
are not guaranteed a minimum wage, compensation for
overtime nor are they eligible for paid holidays or workers'
compensation.
"In 1997, a survey of workers on Alberta hog farms was
conducted by Alberta Agriculture. Agricultural Education and
Community Services Branch to provide information on the
working conditions in the industry," says Michelle Follensbee,
tech-transfer specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development.
The survey results represent 25 producers, mostly farrow-to-
finish, with an average herd size of 539 sows. According to the
survey, staff are paid at the following rates:
Alberta Alberta
Hourly Wages Monthly Wages
Average
Range
Average
Range
Experienced
Technicians
$9.69
$6 to 1 3
$1,883
$1,200 to 2,300
Technicians
in training
$8.29
$6 to 1 1
$1,750
$1,600 to 2,000
Production
Manager
NA
NA
$3,075
$2,000 to 4,400
Unit Manager
$14
NA
$2,360
$1,800 to 3,000
"The survey also showed that technicians received at least one
day-off per week and 46 per cent of employers paid their
employees for statutory holidays. Twenty per cent of employers
provided workers' compensation coverage and 59 per cent
reported sickness and accident coverage for staff with 50 to
100 per cent of the premiums paid by the employer," says
Follensbee.
In 1998, .Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development and
the Alberta Pork Producers Development Corporation
commissioned a study on the socio-economic impact of hog
October 12, 1998 - page 3
operations in Alberta Forty-four producers, mostly farrow-to-
finish, were surveyed and farm size was represented according
to the following categories:
• 1 1 per cent of the sample had less than 50 sows
• 30 per cent of the sample had 50 to 1 25 sows
• 1 6 per cent of the sample had 1 25 to 250 sows
• 43 per cent of the sample had greater than 250 sows
The average number of full-time employees on surveyed farms
was 2.44. This number accounts for all paid employees
including operators, full-time employees, part-time employees
and paid family labour. The number of full-time employees
ranged from 0.208 for the smallest farms to 5.1 for operations
with greater than 550 sows. The average wage reported for full-
time labour was $35,256 (ranging from $28,800 for full-time
labour on farms with less than 50 sows to $36,454 for full-
time labour on farms in the 50 to 125-sow category).
"Although these surveys only represent a moderate portion of
the total Alberta industry, both clearly show that some hog
producers are meeting and exceeding minimum labour
standards." adds Follensbee. "Minimum wage in Alberta was
increased to $5.40 from $5 per hour in October 1998.
"When assessing the current labour standards in the livestock
industry, particularly the hog industry, it is important to note
that stiff competition to attract and keep skilled workers has
led to the use of competitive wages, benefit packages, training
programs, company share opportunities and bonus programs.
While the issue of regulating farm labour is being resolved it
must be acknowledged that many producers and farm
organizations already voluntarily exceed the minimum
standards of labour and provide excellent opportunities for
their employees."
Contact: Michelle Follensbee
(403) 4/5-0828
Apples for Teachers
A new resource is making it easy for Alberta and western
Canadian teachers to incorporate agricultural information into
curriculum fit for school children, K to 12 Apples for
Teachers, a CD ROM database, will be distributed to teachers
across western Canada in October, 1998.
Com d on fuige 4
October 12, 1998 - page 4
"We're excited about this resource. It features the new artwork
and the new image for Ag in the Classroom," says Betty Gabert,
Ag in the Classroom coordinator with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, Edmonton. "The Apples for Teachers
CD features all Ag in the Classroom resources, over
3,000 pages of information and background teachers can use
and incorporate into lessons."
The CD is a product produced by Ag in the Classroom on
behalf of the Western Canadian Agriculture Education Council,
a working group of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and
British Columbia's Ag in the Classroom programs.
"The CD was designed to meet the curriculum needs of all
four provinces involved," says Gabert. "It is a cooperative effort
that progressed through several growing and developing stages
before the Council was confident it would be a useful tool for
western Canadian teachers.
"In the early stages, we took the CD to teachers' conventions
to get their feedback on the CD contents and on 15 different
CD jacket designs. We wanted to make sure that the artwork
wasn't just eye-catching but was useful and informative.
Alberta artist, Greg Huculak designed the jacket and it really
combines art and utility, exactly what the Council wanted."
The Apples for Teachers CD is fully text searchable by word or
phrase and has point and find features. It is a library of
agriculture information, complete lesson plans, background
resources, ideas for enrichment, applied science labs and
story books that will help teachers build custom-made
lessons. Teachers can select lesson plans by curriculum fit,
grade level, themes or issues.
"To a great extent, young Albertans no longer realize the
importance of agriculture in the province, to the economy and
to our lifestyle," adds Gabert. "It's important to bring
agriculture into our classrooms, and Apples for Teachers
makes it easy for teachers and fun for students to learn more
about agricultural industries. Ag in the Classroom programs
foster awareness and understanding of agriculture and food so
that future citizens will be prepared to make responsible
decisions regarding the industry."
Apples for Teachers is sponsored by United Grain Growers
(UGG), Agrium and Ag in the Classroom, Alberta. UGG and
Agrium hope that [he Apples for Teachers collection will
inspire teachers to integrate the theme of agriculture with
classroom activities for the benefit of western Canadian vouth.
Contact:
Betty Gabert
(403) 427-4225
Prairie berries - Alberta's sweet
success story
Only a few years ago, it was difficult to find a farm or market
gardener producing fresh fruit for sale in Alberta. That's been
changing rapidly. Pick-your-own, pre-picked fruit, and large
commercial operations have been advancing rapidly in the
province.
"It is estimated that there are more than 350 producers of
fresh fruit crops in Alberta at present," says Lloyd Hausher,
provincial fruit crops specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development. "Strawberries, saskatoons and
raspberries are the major crops being produced, with
commercial plantings of chokecherry, also known as wild
black cherry, and black currants being established."
Although not the largest crop in acres planted, strawberries
presently dominate the gross farm receipts of the berry
industry in Alberta. More than 200 producers province-wide
produce these berries on farms ranging from two to 28 acres.
The majority of strawberries are sold pick-your-own or at the
farm gate, with a limited amount sold through farmers'
markets.
Two kinds of strawberries are produced in Alberta. The most
common commercial-types are the Junebearing strawberry,
that produces for about four to six weeks usually during the
month of July under Alberta conditions, and the day-neutral
strawberry, a true everbearer that produces from July until
freeze-up. Most of the production from this plant is obtained
in August and September. Alberta presently has the largest
acreage of day-neutral strawberries in North America outside
of Florida and California.
"Alberta's harsh winter has some benefits over other berry
producing regions of North America," says Hausher. "Many
insect and disease problems experienced elsewhere haven't
surfaced here. Although yields may not be comparable to
California, they have been steadily increasing and consumers
are willing to pay a premium price for the taste, quality and
freshness of locally produced berries."
Saskatoon (rnis-sask-quah-loornina) orchards continue to be
established in large acreages and are the first commercial or
machine-harvested fruit crop on the prairies. This new berry-
on-the-block, the Saskatoon soon proved itself as a
commercially viable fruit crop.
"The first plantings of this fruit crop were established in the
late 1960 s and early 70's in the Peace River area and the
Bowden-Carstairs regions of the province," says Hausher.
"When these first plantings began to produce (usually three to
four years after establishment) it became evident that they
could be produced under orchard situations.
Cont d on page 5
"Being a crop which was only years removed from the wild
proved to be very challenging for a number of years Disease,
insect and weed control were early priorities and emphasis
was placed on the development of management tools. "
The saskatoon industry has two distinct segments. Direct
market, which includes the pick-your-own and farm gate sales,
and the larger commercial or machine harvest for a value-
added market. Most direct market operations range in size
from two to eight acres, while producers looking at machine
harvesting have planted acreages ranging from 10 to 70 acres.
Many growers are looking at expansion in the area of
160 acres. Presently there are approximately 20 Saskatoon
harvesters in Alberta. While there remain many production
challenges ahead of the Saskatoon industry, an increased effort
is being directed toward the marketing area.
"Raspberry production also continues to increase in
popularity." adds Hausher. Once a crop only produced in
central Alberta, raspberry operations can now be found in all
parts of the province. A new type of raspberry that produces
fruit on current seasons' growth has allowed producers in the
chinook zone of the province a reliable source of raspberry
production. The primocane or fall-fruiting raspberry, of which
four cultivars are now recommended through research
evaluations, are mowed to the ground each spring and
commence fruiting mid-August. Similarly to strawberries,
most summer-fruiting and fall-fruiting raspberries are sold at
the farm gate via pick-your-own."
On the horizon, black currants and chokecherry plantings are
being established with machine harvest and value-added uses
being evaluated.
Production of Alberta's prairie berries is expanding rapidly,
facilitated by strong basic research, technology transfer and
industry support. Many workshops, production school, and
seminars are held yearly for both new and established
growers. Information on prairie berries and planned
workshops is available from the Crop Diversification Centre
South (403) 362-1300.
Contact: Lloyd Hausher (403) 362-1309
Ministers make
recommendations on grain
handling and transportation
Ministers responsible for agricultural transportation in
Western Canada today released their Phase II submission to
the Head of the Grain Transportation Review, Mr. Justice
Willard Estey.
Alberta's representatives believe there are several key
recommendations to improve the integration and efficiency of
the grain handling and transportation system, increase
competition and address customer needs while improving
farmer returns.
October 12, 1998 -page 5
"One main point of this Review is to remove the inefficiencies
in the system," said Walter Paszkowski, Minister of
Transportation and Utilities. "We're recommending that the
CWB institute a policy of calling for competitive tenders for
delivery of Board grains, in response to the specific needs of
each customer That way, we reduce storage costs by putting
into the system only the grain that the customer wants, in
order to meet a specific contract and delivery date."
"Wherever possible, participants should rely on commercial
contracts to pull grain through the system," he added. "This
will ensure that responsibility and accountability go hand in
hand."
The report indicates that we must increase competition in the
grain handling system, and ensure that the efficiency savings
are returned to farmers. "We believe that competition is
required to ensure that the grain handling and transportation
system is as efficient as possible." said Ed Stelmach. Minister
of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
The Minister also expressed concern that failures within the
system always come out of farmers' pockets, adding that it is
time that farmer liability was capped.
The report contains a number of recommendations for Justice
Estey:
• Grain marketers should actively monitor and manage
vessel arrivals. When the CWB enters into contracts with
terminals and customers for Board grains, it is imperative
to ensure that the arrival of a customer's product at port
closely coincides with the arrival of the ship carrying the
grain.
• Restructuring of grain collection activities should be
encouraged to create 25-50 car blocks of grain destined to
one export terminal.
• Federal regulatory control over rate setting should remain
in place until there is adequate evidence that federal rail
policy is providing competitive outcomes. Having regulated
rates will keep the rates lower for farmers.
• In order to promote competition at the farm level and in
the "basis", grain companies should be allowed to attract
Board grains directly from farmers to meet their contract
commitments
This report was part of the second phase of Justice Willard
Estey's review of the Canadian grain handling and
transportation system, to be completed by Dec. 31. 1998.
Justice Estey is gathering information to develop
recommendations and implementation plans to reform the
system and to establish clear roles and responsibilities for all
system participants. Alberta's submission is available through
the Internet on Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development's Internet website at:
http: /ww.agric.gov.ab.ca/ ministry consultations/
grain_review table.html.
Cunt d on page 6
October 12, 1998 - page 6
Phase one of Justice Estev's report set out kev issues and National Library of Canada
, Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
provided the basis for discussing ways to improve the system.
Justice Estey was appointed in December, 1997, to conduct a
comprehensive review in response to grain industry 3 3286 51594 8459
stakeholders. Over the course of the review, Justice Estey will
examine all aspects of the system, including institutional,
legislative and regulatory, physical, and operational issues.
Contact: Ron Glen Brian Hlus
(403) 427-2137 (403) 427-2080
Ray Bassett
(403) 427-1957
Agri-News Briefs
November courses at Olds College
Olds College offers a Seed Technology Workshop on
November 18 to 20, 1998. The seminar is of special interest to
seed cleaning plant personnel, seed growers, seed trade
members and company representatives, seed marketers and
others interested or involved in the seed industry. The seminar
features the latest in seed developments, markets and
equipment use. Shared learning, new ideas and exchanges are
the focus of this 1998 workshop. Registration prior to
November 4 is $155 plus GST. Workshop fee after November 4
is $180 plus GST.
Also this fall, the College offers a three-day Seed Protectant
Pesticide Applicator Certificate course. The course runs
November 25 to 27, 1998 and covers topics such as pesticide
safety, diseases, seeds act, spill prevention, disposal,
calculations, seed protection chemicals, formulations,
legislation, transportation, equipment calibration and
warehousing standards. The course ends with a Pesticide
Applicator Certification exam. It is not mandatory to write the
exam while at the College. It can be written at various locations
throughout Alberta during the year. Course fees are: before
November 12 - $250 plus GST, after November 12 - $275 plus
GST. For further information or to register, contact Olds
College Extension Services at (403)556-4684.
Early registration for 1998 Hort
Congress
Early registration for the 1998 Alberta Horticulture Congress
ends October 17, 1998. Market gardeners, greenhouse
growers, landscape and nursery operators, fruit growers or
flower and herb growers planning to attend the Congress are
encouraged to take advantage of the early registration. Early
registration is $95 plus GST. After October 17, registration fee
is $175 plus GST. The Congress is offering 62 technical
sessions and a featured keynote speaker. Programs and
registration forms are available by calling the Congress office
at (403)415-2324.
Leaders Challenge conference
The theme of the upcoming Leaders Challenge conference is
Agri-Industry: Boundless Growth? The conference is
being held at the Capri Hotel and Convention Centre in Red
Deer on January 22-23, 1999 Agri- Industry: Boundless
Growth?, a follow-up to the January 1997 Leaders Challenge
conference Seizing the $20 Billion Opportunity organized by
the Agriculture and Food Council, will focus on where the
industry is headed and where the boundaries to growth are
likely to be in the future. The conference provides an
opportunity to not only meet other industry representatives
but customers, government representatives and potential
partners. Current issues, trends and the latest successes in
Alberta's Agri-Industry, as well as challenges of the shifting and
emerging boundaries of the industry will be explored.
Delegates have the chance to: hear from industry experts on
key topics, participate in media sessions on important issues
facing the industry, and visit value chain displays. Areas for
discussion include emerging industries such as bio-tech and
functional foods, value chains, implications of the Post Crow
era, investment and finance, niche marketing, food safety, and
the latest on global trade negotiations. For further information,
contact Don Diduck at the Alberta Congress Board at
(403) 421-9330, e-mail: congress@sas.ab.ca
Agri -l¥ews
October 19, 1998
Record honey crop
Despite problems in a few areas, a mild winter, a good spring,
timely rains and good beekeeping all contributed to provide
Alberta's beekeepers with a record honey crop.
"The mild winter of 1 997/98 provided ideal conditions for
beekeepers to keep their bee colonies alive from October
through to spring,'' says Kenn Tuckey, provincial apiculturist
with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "For
the last few winters, over-winter colony losses have averaged
about 20 per cent. This year, beekeepers reported losses of
only about 10 per cent. Honeybee colony numbers in Alberta
are expected to be 10 per cent higher than last year, simply as
a result of this unexpected improvement in wintering. Even
more important than the level of losses is that this spring, the
colonies were much stronger, on average, with very few of the
weak colonies that often fail to prosper.
"This spring, the weather continued to favour beekeepers, just
as it favoured other aspects of agriculture. The warm
temperatures allowed the bees to easily expand their brood
nests and to produce large populations of honeybees well
ahead of the normal schedule. As it turned out. this was
fortunate because many of the honey plants also bloomed
ahead of schedule Indeed, in 1998 many beekeepers started
extracting their honey crops in June, at least two weeks earlier
than any previous year."
The spell of dry weather during June raised concerns for many
beekeepers. Since the nectar that the bees collect from the
flowers is about SO per cent water, adequate ground water
supplies are as important to beekeepers as they are to other
farmers. The rains late in June came just in time to sustain the
nectar flow through the summer
"Ideal conditions only work if beekeepers are prepared for
them." adds Tuckey. "Alberta's beekeepers have been very
careful to test for and protect their bees from diseases and the
two species of parasitic mites that are gradually becoming
established all through the province. In addition, beekeepers
recognized and reacted appropriately to the early season. This
year, beekeeping by-the-caiendar would have been disastrous.
A great deal of the honey crop would have been missed and
many colonies would have swarmed."
In a few areas of the province, beekeepers suffered loss of
honeybee populations because of the inappropriate spraying of
canola fields to control lygus bugs. When the honeybee field
force is killed, the colony is no longer able to gather a surplus
crop of honey In some cases, the beekeeper's crop was
reduced by at least 100 pounds for each affected colony
C.ont d im page 2
This Week
Record honey crop 1
Manure: let's not waste the resource 2
Safety? It's Cool! 3
Risk management information - Right Now! 3
Weaning time 4
Briefs 4
Pi!SX\~]VOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffCI
, . . . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ah.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
October 19, 1998 - page 2
Alberta's colony count will be up from 1997, to approximately
200,000 colonies. Except for the colonies devoted to
pollination, it appears that the average Alberta honey crop will
be up to approximately 200 pounds per colony (compared to
135 pounds in 1997, and a 30 year average of 141 pounds). In
one area, beekeepers reported crops of only 100 pounds per
colony, but many areas reported crops up to 350 pounds. The
total honey crop will be somewhat over 30,000,000 pounds.
"Zeneca Seed Company and AgrEvo are both involved in
producing hybrid canola seed in southern Alberta," continues
Tuckey. "For these crops, bees are required to carry pollen
from the male plants to the female plants. Two or three
colonies of honeybees are required to ensure adequate
pollination per field. During 1998, some 40,000 colonies of
honeybees were devoted to this important aspect of
beekeeping. As it happens, canola pollination must be done at
the same time as the normal honey flows in the rest of the
province. Because of the heavy bee population, and the lack of
any other nectar sources in the areas, these honeybee colonies
produce only a minimal honey crop, perhaps 35 pounds per
colony. To compensate for the honey loss, beekeepers are paid
a fee for the pollination work. Both companies express a
desire to expand their operations but they are limited by the
number of honeybee colonies available."
Provincial apiculturist Kenn Tuckey, stationed at the Crop
Diversification Centre North, and apiculturist Doug Colter,
stationed in Falher, provide support service to the Alberta
beekeeping industry. They are involved in inspecting and
testing bee hives and colonies for diseases and parasitic mites.
As well, they provide direct assistance to Alberta's beekeepers
and to would-be beekeepers. People with an interest in
beekeeping in Alberta are invited to contact them for
information.
A new beekeeping book is being produced by Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. The new book will
soon be available from the Publications Office of Alberta
Agriculture, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6 or
by calling 1-800-292-5697.
Contact: Kenn Tuckey
(403) 415-2314
kenn. luckeyCq agric.gov. ab. ca
Doug Colter
(403) 837-2211
cloug. co/ter((( agric.gov. ab. ca
Manure: let's not waste the
resource
The first week of November offers a tremendous opportunity
for livestock operators to learn more about manure and its
value as a resource. Four workshops throughout Alberta have
been set up to discuss various issues related to manure
management. The workshops are intended to help producers
maximize the benefits of this natural resource, while
minimizing negative impacts on soil, water and air.
Dr. Jessica Davis, soils scientist from the Colorado State
University, is contracted through Agri-Food and Agriculture
Canada to provide a perspective on this issue of manure
management at the workshop. Her research is in the area of
manure as a fertilizer for crops. As well, she has dealt with the
water quality issues as they relate to manure management.
Working with feedlot, dairy, swine, layer and broiler manures,
Davis has determined optimum application methods and rates
while protecting both ground and surface water quality.
Various organizations are taking advantage of Davis' visit in
Alberta and have invited other speakers to present additional
topics of interest to producers resulting in a full day agenda on
manure issues.
"In southern Alberta the workshops targeted at feedlot
operators are being held on November 3 in Picture Butte and
November 5 in Cheadle," says Karen Yakimishyn, regional
conservation coordinator with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "Maximize the Benefits of Your
Feedlot Manure - Feedlot Tour & Workshops discusses
issues relating to feedlot manure management. Tips on how to
develop feedlot manure management plan and discussion on
the best management practices for feedlot manure will be part
of the agenda."
For either of these sessions, contact the County of Lethbridge
at (403) 381-5801 or .Alberta Agriculture in Strathmore at
(403) 934-3355 for more information.
Two awareness workshops for livestock producers called
Manure: Let's Not Waste The Resource are scheduled for
the central and southern regions. The first workshop will be
held on November 4 in Claresholm and the second workshop
on November 6 in Red Deer. Other agenda items, in addition
to Davis, include Being a Good Neighbour, Best
Management Practices for Manure, We all Live in a
Watershed (A Look at Water Quality) and an update on the
Code of Practice.
For more information on these events, call the Alberta
Agriculture Offices in Lethbridge at (403) 381-5126 or
Red Deer (403) 340-5364.
Contact.- Karen Yakimishyn
(403) 340-5325
Safety? It's Cool!
It's Cool to be safe! It's Cool to practice safety! It's Cool to
be on the safe side of things! Safety.' It 's Cool!
It 's Cool is the theme of the new farm safety promotion
organized by the Farm Safety Program and sponsored by
PanCanadian Petroleum Limited, and the Canadian
Broadcasting Corporation. The promotion is aimed at Alberta
teenagers. Teenagers often help with chores, working in barns
and on heavy machinery. Farm work can be dangerous and
teenagers shouldn't take unnecessary chances. That's the
message that will be sent from their peers ... teen to teen.
"Teens talking to teens is more effective than adults telling
teens what to do." says Solomon Kveremanteng. head of the
Farm Safety Program with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "When teens get to work on a project like this, it
has a long-term impact on the way they think about safety Past
experience has shown clearly that peer counselling' works."
Alberta's rural high school students are being challenged to
use their creativity to script and shoot a 30 second television
commercial on a farm machinery safety or livestock handling
safety.
"The student or students who produce the best overall
commercial will win a $2500 scholarship towards their post-
secondary education and their school will win a new video
recorder." says Kveremanteng. "The winning commercial will
then be professionally produced and will air in the spring
during Hockey Night in Canada. Second and third place
winners receive S 1 500 and $1000 scholarships, respectively"
A contest information package is being sent to all rural Alberta
high schools in November. The contest begins in November
and submissions should be sent to Solomon Kveremanteng by
March 31. 1999. Information packages are also available by
contacting the farm safety program at (403) 427-4227.
"PanCanadian is a solid member of Alberta's rural
communities, where we operate hundreds of oil and natural
gas wells. Many of the safety practices our employees use
everyday were first learned when they worked on farms in
their youth," savs John O'Donnell. PanCanadian's manager of
Corporate and Community Relations. "PanCanadian is pleased
to sponsor It's Cool, which will help Alberta's farmers, both
young and old. increase the safety of their operations. "
"As a partner in this excellent farm safety educational program
in Alberta, and as a broadcaster to all regions of the province,
we welcome the opportunity to promote and broadcast the
farm safety message to all those involved in farming and
agriculture." Brian Gray, regional sales manager. CBC
Television. "CBC Television is very proud to be involved in this
project and looks forward to a long term commitment with
our farm safety partners. PanCanadian Petroleum Limited.
Alberta Agriculture, rural high schools and their students and
the farm communities of Alberta "
October 19, 1998 - page 3
Submissions can be mailed to:
Alberta Farm Safety Program
#201,7000 - 113 Street
Edmonton, AB T8C 1 BS
Contact: Solomon Kyeremantetlg Alan Boras
(403) 427-4227 (403) 716-4040
Brian Cray
(403) 468-2352
Risk management information -
Right Now!
Due to the overwhelming response to the pilot issue of
Right Sou !, the Farm Business Management Program (FBMP)
is publishing a second issue, scheduled to be in Alberta rural
mailboxes in October.
"Response to the Spring 1998 issue of Right Sou1 was very
positive." says FBMP provincial coordinator Anita Lunden "We
received hundreds of reply cards from farm managers who
read the magazine and wanted to know more. They also told
us to be sure they received the next issue."
The Fall 1998 Right Sou ! deals with the topic of risk
management. Risk management is a process for dealing with
all of the variables that exist in the volatile world of agriculture
There are many factors that impact on a farm business, some
of which a farmer has control over, and some totally outside
his control. Risk management is not meant to eliminate risk
entirely, but to manage risk to an acceptable level for effective
farm performance.
"Articles in the magazine profile farm managers who have
seen risk as an opportunity and used creative tools to help
them minimize the highs and lows of the agriculture
industry,'' says Lunden. "Every article contains tips and hints
that can be applied to a farm operation, right now ' As well,
readers have the opportunity to write in for more information
on the topics discussed."
FBMP is combining the fall issue of Right Sou ! with its fall
Program Guide.
In past years, the program guide, containing all of the
learning opportunities sponsored by FBMP has been sent to
Alberta rural mailboxes on its own," adds FBMP coordinator
Nan Bartlett. "This fall, it will be a pull-out supplement to the
Right Sow' magazine. Farm managers will receive a learning
tool in their mailboxes, as well as a calendar of learning events
taking place all over Alberta in the months ahead."
Alberta farmers should find a copy oi Right Sou ' with the
program guide insert in their mailboxes before October 23
Anyone not receiving a copy, should call 310-0000 and then
dial 556-4218 for toll free access, to request a copv
Contact Anita lunden Van Bartlett
(403) 556-4278 (403) 835-4288
October 19, 1998 - page 4
Weaning time
For the last few weeks, many quality 1998 calves have changed
hands at local auction markets and moved to be wintered,
grassed and/or finished and marketed in 1999 Some
producers, however, retain their calves and winter them on the
farm.
"Retained calves need to go through a battery of management
steps to reduce or eliminate weaning stress that can result in
digestive problems, respiratory ailments, reduced daily gains
and in extreme cases death," says Bill Grabowsky, beef
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Wetaskiwin. "It is advisable, and an encouraged
practice, to pre-wean calves two to three weeks prior to the
actual weaning date to reduce weaning stress."
There are several steps involved to aid success in weaning.
These include:
• try to predetermine the weather. Aim for an extended
period of dry, cool, stable weather conditions. Extra stress
can be caused during pre-weaning when the calves must
also experience rain or snowfall at the same time;
• handle calves with the least amount of noise and sorting
stress. Good facilities are a must. Once calves are weaned,
lots of dry bedding, water and palatable feed (medium
quality hay) should be available;
• if calves are placed back on stockpiled grasses, put them in
with a few older cows. The older cows seem to help the
calves adjust to being weaned. Feed introduction in the pre-
weaning period also helps calves adjust when actual
weaning takes place;
• vaccinate the calves with a recommended series of
inoculations. Remember to keep records of all vaccines
used and try to needle only in the right places;
• feed bunk management is critical when dry-lotting calves.
Remove stale feed so all calves have a balanced, nutritious
ration available at all times. Feed could be available in a
creep feeder or by restricting a large feeding area to calves
only. Feed changes should be made gradually and not
abruptly. Lots of quality water is needed; and,
• provide a hospital pen for any sick calves. Accurate records
for temperature, drugs and treatment should be kept for
each calf. Pre-weaning stress can bring on respiratory
problems and, if caught early, minimal losses will result.
"The suggestions listed are by no means complete," says
Grabowsky. "They should be considered a start only. Producers
need to make their own weaning decisions that fit their
weaning program. Reducing sickness and any losses from
weaning stress does have a major impact on profits, so
producers will want to pay close attention to their calves at this
time of year."
Contact: Bill Grabowsky
(403) 361-1240
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51594 8335
Agri-News Briefs
People, pastures & profits
Alberta Forage Council, in conjunction with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, is sponsoring the
second Western Canadian Grazing Conference, being held on
December 2 and 3. 1998 at the Mayfield Inn, Edmonton. The
two-day conference is designed for producers wanting to
improve their pasture production knowledge and techniques.
The conference theme is People, Pastures & Profits, and is
aimed at helping farmers get more pounds and profit from
pastures. Speakers include experienced grass farmers,
researchers and forage specialists from the western provinces
and the U.S. Participants can choose the sessions that interest
them; poster presentations from western Canada's forage and
research associations provide examples of gra/ing-related
trials and demonstrations; and, a trade show features pasture-
related exhibits. Complete registration fees for the event are
$100. For more information or to register, contact Lorene
Cunningham at the Alberta Forage Council office
(403) 443-7544, e-mail: abforage(« telusplanet.net. or
fax: (403) 443-7530.
Agri -News
October 26,1998
Good heat in 1998 growing
season
The April to August average growing season temperature in
1998 was 1.9 degree warmer than the average for the 1 96 1 to
1990 period. The province averaged 262.8 mm of
precipitation, 131 mm below the long term average.
"Albertans's enjoyed summer-like weather in April and May
with well above normal temperatures and near normal
precipitation," says Peter Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "From
a crop perspective, the warm dry spring allowed producers to
seed early."
May started with daytime temperatures reaching around 30
degrees. Temperatures returned to slightly above normal the
second and third week of May. The warm dry weather
continued to the end of the month creating water supply
concerns of emerging crops and pastures.
In early June, a light frost with minimal damage occurred as
result of the near zero degrees temperatures in northern and
eastern Alberta.
"During the first three weeks of June, a pattern developed with
showers covering most of the southern and central regions,
leaving the northeast, northwest and Peace regions dry," says
Dzikowski. "During the last week of June, the first widespread
rain of the growing season covered the southern two thirds of
Alberta."
In June, precipitation totals of 50 to 125 mm were reported in
southern and central regions. The northeast region reported
between 25 and 50 mm. The Peace region remained dry with
isolated showers of 0 to 25 mm. The late June showers
provided timely moisture for crop growth in many of the dry
areas.
"Excess moisture in south and central Alberta slowed haying
operations in July, while the northeast and Peace regions
remained dry," adds Dzikowski. "July started with near normal
daytime temperatures, changing to above normal
temperatures during the second week. Temperatures cooled to
slightly below normal by mid-July The above normal
temperatures returned for the last part of the month. July
temperatures ranged from slightly above normal to three
degrees Celsius above normal. This, followed with warm sunny
weather in August, provided good harvest weather'
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Good heat in 1998 growing season
1
Transfer of Brand Inspection services nears
completion
2
Hort Congress - a whole lot to offer
2
What to feed the cows?
3
Native Plant Summit IV
3
Netherlands and Alberta sign formal agreement
4
Fall weed control
4
Briefs
5
J^^Cl'JVOWS Punishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /^IbOTtG
.... _ .. ... _ . AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agnnews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agnc.gov.ab.ca rural development
October 26, 1998 - page 2
Growing degree day totals from April 1 to September 30 were
about three to four weeks ahead of normal in Alberta,
contributing to early crop maturity and allowing for the early
harvest with little concern about fall frost.
Although frost was reported in parts of the Peace and southern
regions on September 19, the first widespread killing frost
occurred on September 29 and 30. That's about two weeks
later than the average first fall frost date for most agricultural
regions of Alberta. Temperatures dropped to between 0
and - .7 degrees. The frost was followed by warm, dry weather
until the end of the month providing ideal harvest weather.
"In many parts of the province conditions differed quite a bit
from what the provincial averages show," continues Dzikowski.
"For example, the growing season precipitation at Stavely West
was 547.2 mm, 214 per cent of its long term average. This was
typical for much of southern Alberta and the western half of
the central and north west regions.
"In contrast, Peace River received only 113 mm which was half
of it's normal precipitation. These averages are based on data
recorded at 49 Environment Canada climate stations across
Alberta."
More details regarding Alberta's weather can be found on
Alberta Agriculture's internet site at:
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
Transfer of Brand Inspection
services nears completion
As of November 1, 1998, Brand Inspection services will be
transferred from Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development to the cattle industry. The announcement of this
change was made on October 13, 1998 by the Minister of
Agriculture, Ed Stelmach, and Dale Wilson, the Chairman of
Livestock Identification Services (LIS) Ltd.
The Act, Cabinet regulations and the delegation agreement
providing for the transfer of Brand Inspection services to LIS
are in place and the transfer will take place at 12:01 a.m. on
November 1, 1998.
"I am pleased that the negotiations between Alberta
Agriculture and LIS have reached a successful conclusion on a
delegation agreement," says Stelmach. "This Government
continues to get out of the business of being in business.
Brand Inspection is a commercial service to the cattle
industry, paid for by the cattle industry."
LIS is a not-for-profit corporation formed by Alberta livestock
associations to operate the Brand Service. The founding
members are:
• Alberta Auction Markets Association
• Alberta Cattle Commission
• Alberta Cattle Feeders' Association
• Alberta Livestock Dealers and Order Buyers' Association
• Feeder Associations of Alberta
• Western Stock Growers Association
LIS will perform virtually all of the same functions currently
done by the Brand Inspection Service. The important
exception is that the Minister of Agriculture will remain
responsible to the Legislature for the related provincial acts
and regulations that provide the foundation for the Service.
This responsibility cannot be delegated.
Brand staff with Alberta Agriculture have received their formal
notices and, for those who are eligible, details regarding
severance options.
"Alberta Agriculture officials have done everything possible to
ensure the staff have been treated fairly and that the
Government has met its obligations under the Master
Agreement with the Alberta Union of Public Employees," says
Cliff Wulff, special projects officer with Alberta Agriculture. "All
affected employees have been provided with detailed
information on their rights and entitlements under the Master
Agreement and with a number of contacts for assistance
during this time of transition. All affected staff have had and
will have the opportunity to look for jobs with other employers,
including LIS."
"All those involved in these negotiations have done a good job
in seeing them through," adds Stelmach. "All the criteria that
were set out have been met. Staff have been treated fairly, and
the concerns of the cattle industry have been addressed."
"At the outset, producers should not notice any real difference
in the service they receive, nor in the fees charged," says
Wilson. "LIS intends to consult with industry to consider any
improvements to make the Service more responsive to
industry needs, and prior to new fees being implemented."
Contact: Cliff Wulff Ken Weir
(403) 255-2459 General Manager, LIS Ltd.
(403) 422-6256
Hort Congress - a whole lot to
offer
Saskatoon and chokecherry production is a growing industry,
reports the Fruit Growers Society of Alberta. With any industry,
there comes a time when cooperative efforts are needed to
advance the industry to the next level of success. Gary Storey,
professor at the Department of Agricultural Economics,
University of Saskatchewan, recently reported that it is
important for industry players to recognize the need for
collective action.
Cont 'd on page 3
"Storey is one of the keynote speakers at this year's
Horticulture Congress," says Sharon Faye, horticulture
resource officer with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Edmonton. "The 1998 Hort Congress focuses on
many aspects of the horticulture industry and many crop
types, prairie fruit is an expanding part of the industry and is
receiving considerable attention from growers."
The Congress, held at the Mayfield Inn, Edmonton on
November 12 to 14, 1998, offers 62 technical sessions on
topics ranging from getting started growing and selling
culinary herbs to perennial trends; standard production
systems in the U.S. to roses and gerberas; branding perennials
to opening the farm gates to tourism.
"The agenda for the Congress is varied and is one of the most
impressive put together," adds Faye. "All aspects of the
industry will be dealt with in one or more of the sessions.
Whether growers are interested in programs available, how to
get started, how to manage and prioritize, how to market, grow
more and sell more, there will be something for all
professional greenhouse growers."
Programs and registration packages are available by calling the
Congress office at (403) 415-2324. Registration fee for the
three-day Congress is $175 plus GST.
For information on commercial fruit sessions, contact Don
Fossum (403) 467-6992 or Nadine Stielow (403) 998-0481,
both members of the Fruit Growers Society of Alberta.
Contact: Sharon Faye Shirley Alton
(403) 422-2961 (403) 415-2324
What to feed the cows?
What is the most cost effective way to feed cows during the
winter months? Is it hay, straw: and grain, chaff and silage or
snow balls and fresh air? This question has probably been
asked many times. Now is a good time to think about what
livestock will eat this winter.
"As with most questions there is no easy answer, but that's a
good thing," says Lome Erickson, forage specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Rimbey. "A shortage
of easy answers keeps us all searching for other possibilities,
and, if everyone used the same solution to the winter feed
problem, the commodities that supplied that solution would
become very expensive."
Two things that determine the ideal winter feeds are the cows
and the resources available to either produce or buy feeds. In
other words, the most cost effective choice of feeds will be
different for every farm or ranch and may vary from year to
year.
"Optimally, cost effective feed means being able to use the
lowest cost ration that enables animals to meet their
production potential." adds Erickson. "A 1,100 pound cow
October 26, 1998 - page 3
calving in May can be expected to behave like a buffalo and
graze through snow all winter some years and part of the
winter in other years as long as enough good quality feed is left
under the snow This is a very low cost feed program but the
output is also low compared to a 1600 pound cow calving in
January. This cow has a much greater production potential and
naturally requires a greater quantity and a higher quality feed
input to reach that potential."
What is the best feed for your livestock? In order of quality and
cost from lowest to highest, the most common feed choices
are: chaff, straw, hay, silage and grain. Winter grazing of
grasses and legumes will likely fall somewhere between straw
and silage depending on what is under the snow. The feed
quality of winter grazed swaths can range from poor hay to
good silage depending on maturity of the crop at cutting.
The lower output (LO) cow can do well on the lower end feeds;
chaff, straw, winter grazing and hay, but the higher output
(HO) cow must rely more on the high end feeds; swath
grazing, hay, silage and/or grain. The challenge is to design a
feed program for the HO cow that is as cost effective as for the
LO cow when production is taken into account. On the other
side, too many high end feeds for the LO cow will not be as
cost effective because she cannot produce enough to pay for
them.
"In summary, LO cows must be wintered mostly on low cost
feeds with higher valued feeds used as supplements to meet
nutrient requirements," concludes Erickson. "The HO cow will
require the higher cost feeds, with low cost feeds added when
conditions will allow it, to reduce costs. Maximizing the length
of the grazing season with stockpiled grass or swath grazing is
likely as important as making a wise choice of feeds in
controlling costs."
Contact: Lome Erickson
(403) 843-2201
Native Plant Summit IV
Alberta's native plants will be the topic of discussion at the
Native Plant Summit IV, being held at the Sheraton Cavalier
Hotel, Calgary, on November 2 to 4, 1998.
"Native plants are becoming popular for low maintenance
garden plantings in private yards and public places, such as
parks and schools," says Suzanne Gill, land reclamation
specialist with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural
Development. "Native species are also often used to re-
vegetate oil and gas disturbances and improve the
environment when an area is reclaimed after a disturbance."
Native plants are those species that were found in Alberta pre-
European settlement. They include grasses, wildflowers,
shrubs and trees. Currently. Alberta's native plant industry is
Cont d on page 4
October 26, 1998 - page 4
in its infancy and while there is a high demand for reasonably
priced local native plant material and seed, the supply is low.
"There is a need for high quality, reasonably priced seed of
adapted native plant varieties," says Gill. "The conference will
focus on the many topics surrounding this industry and will
hopefully act as a catalyst, generating interest in this growing
industry."
Topics being covered at the conference include:
• getting a local native plant industry up and running;
• production issues for native grasses, broad-leaved species,
shrubs and trees; and
• planting methods, site selection, weed control, harvesting,
seed cleaning and storage of native species.
A group of provincial government and private industry
interests has organized the conference in conjunction with the
Northern Great Plains Native Plant Committee. The committee
is dedicated to the enduring benefit of the Northern Great
Plains. Their goal is to conserve, protect and enhance native
plant communities. In an effort to enhance biodiversity
benefits, they promote the establishment of native plant
material on public and private lands. This vision will be greatly
enhanced through the development of adequate supplies of
high quality, reasonably priced seed of adapted native plant
varieties.
"The U.S. has moved ahead on many of their native plant
issues and the conference is drawing on their experiences with
speakers from Minnesota, Washington, D C., Nevada, Montana
and North Dakota," adds Gill.
Conference and registration information is available by
contacting the conference administrator, Gail Millman at
(403) 444-6336, Edmonton.
Contact: Suzanne Gill
(403) 427-4655
Netherlands and Alberta sign
formal agreement
On September 21, 1998, a Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) between Agrotechnological Research Institute (ATO-
DLO), Netherlands, and the Food Processing Development
Centre (FPDC), Alberta was signed.
"The MOU formally establishes an exchange program between
the ATO-DLO and the FPDC that will see research scientists
from both countries visit and work with one another," says
Barry Mehr, assistant deputy minister of production and
marketing, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"The official signing by Doug Radke, deputy minister of Alberta
Agriculture, Tjeerd Jongsma, head of food and food processing
at ATO-DLO and myself, formalized the exchange program that
began in April 1997 with a four month secondment of Connie
Phillips, extrusion specialist at FPDC to ATO-DLO."
ATO-DLO is an organization involved in fundamental and
applied scientific research for agriculture and horticulture. It
was founded in 1989 and targets research activities to enhance
the value-added aspect of agricultural and horticultural
materials. ATO-DLO's three main areas of focus are:
optimizing products and processes in agricultural and
industrial production chains; developing food processing
technologies and food products; and, developing non-food,
industrial processing technologies and products based on
renewable agricultural raw material.
ATO-DLO has a staff of over 600 research workers, including
250 scientists. The institute's buildings house over 50
laboratories and three technology halls.
"The opportunity to work closely with and share research
findings and technology with such an advanced and
progressive institute is an amazing opportunity for Alberta's
agricultural industries," adds Mehr. "We were very pleased to
host the ATO-DLO delegation during September are looking
forward to the signing ceremony taking place in Frankfurt,
Germany on November 3, 1998 at the Food Ingredients Europe
Show. Hank Huizing, director of ATO-DLO, will be singing on
behalf of that organization. We anticipate a long-standing,
productive association with ATO-DLO in the future."
Currently, Miriam Quataert, scientist with ATO-DLO, is working
at the FPDC for a three-month period, on a project evaluating
functional ingredients in pasta products. The project is
partially funded by the Western Economic Partnership
Agreement (WEPA).
Contact: Barry Mehr Connie Phillips
(403) 427-2442 (403) 980-4865
Fall weed control
This year's early harvest is providing farmers extra time and
opportunity for fall weed control.
"There are three types of weeds to look for when considering
weed control options: annuals, winter annuals and
perennials," says Trevor Schoff, cereal and oilseed specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Camrose. "Annuals include weeds such as wild oats, wild
buckwheat and chickweed. Annual weeds have already done
their damage, they have competed with crops and, in most
cases, have already produced seed. The freezing temperatures
just around the corner will finish off any annual weeds that are
still growing."
Winter annuals, weeds such as stinkweed, flixweed,
shepherd's-purse and narrow-leaved hawk's-beard, can
germinate in the spring and produce seed the same year.
Cont d on page 5
However, they often germinate in the late summer or fall,
overwintering as a rosette and then produce seed the following
year. These weeds are small and may not look threatening
right now, but as soon as the ground thaws in the spring, they
will grow and develop a strong tap root.
"It is much easier to kill winter annuals in the fall," says
Schoff. "If daytimes remain warm, winter annuals can be
controlled until freeze-up. Leaving control as late as possible
allows the maximum number to germinate. An application of
2,4-D is a cost effective method of weed control. Rates as low
as 0.34 litre/acre of 2,4-D amine 500 effectively control
stinkweed and shepherd's purse. Narrow-leaves hawk s-beard
requires 0.57 l/ac. Glyphosate at 0.51 1/ac is also effective on
most winter annuals."
Perennial weeds include quackgrass, Canada thistle, perennial
sow-thistle and dandelion. They regrow from an established
root system each spring and nutrients and water flow within
the perennial plant from the root to the top of the plant. This
upward flow from a large, established root system makes it
difficult for herbicides to move into the root system and
effectively control the plant in the spring.
October 26, 1998 - page 5
"Late summer and fall movement in the perennial is from the
top down into the root system, as the plant builds food
reserves in the roots for the following year. Herbicide control is
more reliable at this time of year because more herbicide
reaches the root system," says Schoff. "In years when crops
are removed early, opportunities to spray perennials after
harvest provide very successful weed control with glyphosate
as long as the perennials are actively growing and have enough
regrowth to adequately absorb the herbicide."
Glyphosate products can be used to treat perennial weeds up
to and after a mild frost. Generally, rates of one litre per acre
are adequate. Glyphosate must be applied three to five days
prior to a killing' frost. Dicamba products alone, or in
combination with glyphosate, for thistle control must be
applied two weeks prior to a killing frost.
"Tillage can be an effective method for winter annual weed
control, however, it isn't very effective on perennial weeds,"
adds Schoff. "Herbicide application can be a cost effective
method of fall weed control and also allows stubble to be left
standing to trap snow and prevent erosion."
Contact: Trevor Schoff
(403) 679-1210
Agri-News Briefs
Success by Design
Five new factsheets have been produced by Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development for the Success by Design series
of publications. The factsheets include: Guidelines for
Conducting Business in a Meeting - Agdex #1922-31-1;
Effective Meetings - Agdex #1922; Effective Leadership -
Agdex #1912-1; Effective Committees - Agdex #1921-60;
and, Working With Volunteers - Agdex #1926-30. The
Success by Design series provides information to
organizations and community groups to help them manage
more effectively and efficiently. Success by Design factsheets
are available at all Alberta Agriculture offices and from the
publications office, 7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6.
Feed peas for sale
The Alberta Pulse Growers have launched a Feed Peas for Sale
listing on the internet. Buyers and sellers of feed peas can
access the listing at the address: www.pulse.ab.ca
The website is also linked through Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development's internet site, at:
www.agric.gov.ab.ca Feed peas are a proven feed ingredient
that maintains performance and meat quality. The new Feed
Peas for Sale listing lets pea traders, brokers, feed
manufacturers and livestock producers know where there are
feed peas available. Sellers can list their peas at their local
Alberta Agriculture district office or can put their information
directly on-line on the pulse site. For further information,
contact the .Alberta Pulse Growers Commission at
(403) 986-9398, Leduc.
October 26, 1998 - page 6
1998 Farmer of the Year
Each year, the Alberta Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals (SPCA) looks for a full-time farmer who takes
exceptional care of the animals in their care. This year,
Colleen and Dylan Biggs, cattle farmers from the TK Ranch
south of Coronation, were named the 1998 SPCA Farmer of the
Year. The Biggs use a low-stress technique developed by Bud
Williams to move animals. The end result is a calmer herd and
this reduces the frequency of sickness and dependence on
medication as well as increasing farm profitability. The Biggs
have made stress management an integral part of their herd
health program and have made it the cornerstone of the
quality control parameters in place for their Thomas Koehler
Meats label. They are committed to their low-stress program
and Dylan Biggs teaches low-stress handling techniques to
others.
Manure management program
Alberta cattle producers are invited to attend manure
management workshops, hosted by the Lethbridge Research
Centre (LRC). The workshop, Maximize the Benefits of your
Feedlot Manure, will be held in two venues on November 3 at
Picture Butte and on November 5 at Cheadle. Each session
begins with a morning tour of a local feedlot. Topics being
covered include: an overview of soil, water and air concerns;
update on the new Code of Practice for Responsible Livestock
Development and Management; tips on how to develop a
feedlot manure management plan; and, the best management
practices for feedlot manure. The workshops are financially
supported by the Canada Alberta Beef Industry Development
Fund Visiting Scientist Program. Workshop cost is $20 per
farm unit, to a maximum of three people. To register for the
Picture Butte session, call the County of Lethbridge
(403) 381-5801 and to register for the Cheadle session, call
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development in
Strathmore at (403)934-3355.
Alberta farm writers acknowledged
by peers
Six members of the Alberta Farm Writers Association (AFWA)
were recently presented awards at the Canadian Farm Writers
Federation (CFWF) Annual Conference and Awards Banquet.
Among the award recipients were: Pete Montana from RD-TV,
silver award for his program - 'Pigs in Your Space'; Diane
Finstad of RD-TV, bronze award for her program - Direct
Seeding Demo'; Tracey Feist, freelance writer working for
Alberta Bison Association, bronze award for a news release on
the Alberta Bison Meat Chart; Tracey Feist, freelance writer
working for the North American Waterfowl Management Plan,
wins the gold award for the publication - 'Linking Soil & Water:
Conservation for Future Generations'; Mark Kihn, freelance
writer, for his article 'Chipping in on the Farm' which
appeared in the Calgary Herald; and, Page Newton, freelance
writer, for her article A Strategic Plan Drives this Young
Couple's Success', which appeared in Cattlemen magazine.
The AFWA exists to serve the common interests of agricultural
journalists, including reporters, editors and broadcasters, as
well as those in business and government whose primary
responsibility is agricultural communications. For further
information, contact Janet Kanters, AFWA secretary/treasurer,
(403) 926-2157.
National Library of Canada
(ll(?'Dlio heoue nationale du Canada
III III 'II!1 II Mlllllllllll illinium
3 3286 51594 8210
Agri -News
November 2, 1998
Going Global
An international panel of trade experts are speaking at the
Going Global conference, being held in Red Deer on November
12 and 13. 1998. The conference is organized by the Alberta
Agri-Industry Trade Group (A\1TG), Alberta Pool and Alberta
Agriculture. Food and Rural Development.
"The conference is an opportunity for Albertans to learn about
the implications of the 1999 World Trade Organization (WTO)
negotiations on the Canadian agri-food sector," says Dale
Riddell. AAITG co-chair. "At the conference, Albertans will also
have a chance to contribute to the development of
recommendations for the negotiating positions the
Government of Canada will take to the bargaining table in
Geneva in the fall of 1999 "
Speakers at the conference, some of the world's most
informed trade policy people, include: His Excellency Nestor
Osorio, chair of the WTO Agriculture Committee; Honourable
Ed Stelmach, Minister of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development; and Honourable Lyle Vanclief, Minister of
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Gus Schumacher, U.S.
Undersecretary for farm and foreign agriculture services;
Greg Wood. Australian High Commissioner to Canada; and,
Jonathan Fried. Canada's chief trade negotiator. The Dean of
Business at the University of Alberta, Mike Percy is the
conference moderator and business editor Diane Francis is
the keynote speaker at the November 12 banquet
"Alberta exports about 65 to 70 per cent of everything
produced in the province." says Ray Bassett. .Assistant Deputy-
Minister of planning and development with Alberta Agriculture
and AAITG co-chair. "There are tremendous opportunities to
increase the profitability for .Alberta fanners. To reach our
potential, as a province, we need to facilitate greater market
access, including addressing any possible local or international
problems that could limit trading opportunities. The ViTO is
the forum where these opportunities and barriers can be
addressed. It's important that Albertans be informed and
aware of the issues being discussed at the 1999 negotiations."
To receive additional information about the two-day event, or
ask questions about last minute registration, contact
Cheryl Grolway at the conference office (403) 422-1817 or
e-mail: grolway(« ajp-ic.gov.ab.ca
Contact: Ray Bassett Cheryl Grolway
(403) 427-/957 (403) 422-1817
This Week
Going Global
1
4-H CAN make a difference!
2
Ideal harvest weather continued through
September
2
Prairie fruit and the science of Saskatoons
3
Extension time in the sheep industry
3
Agronomy update
4
Alberta farmers insured more crops in 1998
4
Briefs
5
A^Xl'JVOWS Punishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffQ
AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
November 2, 1998 - page 2
4-H CAN make a difference!
November 2 through 8, 1998 is National 4-H Week, and the
late W J. Elliot, principal of the Olds School of Agriculture and
tounder of the 4-H clubs in Alberta, would have been proud. In
the last 81 years, Alberta's 4-H program has gone from cows
and cooking... to the internet and entrepreneurs, and today,
4-H members are just as comfortable on the information
highway as they are on the farm.
"The recent Measures of Success study looked at the impact of
the 4-H program in Canada," says Carol Sullivan, provincial
4-H media and marketing specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "It proved what industry leaders
have known for years: 4-H gives youth the edge to compete in
today's world. The study showed that 4-H Alumni are better
educated, more often employed, much more often employed
in the agriculture and food industry and they report
substantially higher incomes than the national average for
Canadians. They are also more involved in community
organizations."
During National 4-H Week, Alberta 4-H'ers will be
demonstrating that 4-H CAN Make a Difference. At
Farmfair International '98, being held in Northlands Park,
Edmonton, 4-H members will accept donations to the Food
Bank Network Association. In return for their donations,
visitors to Farmfair International will receive an Alberta Made
food coupon, sample or recipe. The food donations will be
distributed to Food Banks across Alberta.
"Together with their volunteer leaders, 4-H'ers pursue the 4-H
motto Learn To Do By Doing as they participate in club
activities and 4-H projects," adds Sullivan. "Alberta Treasury
Branches will be showcasing the work of Alberta 4-H'ers with
local 4-H Clubs' displays.
Wherever they live, on a farm or acreage, in a town or the city,
Alberta's youth belong in 4-H. Alberta's 4-H program has
something for everyone including projects in conservation,
computers, livestock, veterinary science, photography, crafts,
the entrepreneurial project, Business Cent$ and much more.
Now that's something to celebrate!
To join 4-H call (403) 422-4H4H or visit the 4-H web site at
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/4h
Contact: Carol Sullivan
(403) 422 4H4H
Ideal harvest weather continued
through September
Warm, dry conditions in September helped farmers complete
one of the earliest harvests on record.
"The overall provincial average temperature was 2.3 degrees
above normal and the provincial average precipitation was less
than half the normal for September in Alberta, '' says Peter
Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Edmonton. "These conditions
provided good harvest weather for most Alberta farmers."
September temperatures ranged from near normal to
4.9 degrees Celsius above normal. All regions in the province
reported above normal temperatures.
"Growing degree day totals from April 1 to September 30 were
about three to four weeks ahead of normal," says Dzikowski.
"This contributed to early crop maturity and allowed for the
early harvest with little concern about fall frost.
"Although frost was reported in parts of the Peace and
southern regions on September 19, the first widespread killing
frost occurred on September 29 and 30. That's about two
weeks later than the average first fall frost date for most
agricultural regions of Alberta. In mid-September,
temperatures in some regions dropped to between 0 and
-77 degrees. This first frost was followed by warm, dry weather
until the end of the month providing ideal harvest weather."
All regions reported below normal precipitation. Amounts of
2.8 to 99 4 mm, or 10 to 174 per cent of normal were
reported. The Peace region and north east region were the
driest parts of Alberta in September, leading to continued
concern over water supply shortages.
"Pincher Creek reported the greatest precipitation departure,
174 per cent of normal about 99 4 mm," adds Dzikowski. "On
the dry side, Milk River reported 2.8 mm of precipitation in
September, only 10 per cent of it's long term average."
The provincial average September precipitation of 20.5 mm
was well below the 1961 to 1990 average of 44.2 mm. These
averages are based on data recorded at 62 Environment
Canada climate stations across Alberta.
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
November 2, 1998 - page 3
Prairie fruit and the science of
Saskatoons
For many years, growing Saskatoon plants for commercial fruit
production required some knowledge, a little guesswork and
lots of experience based on trial and error.
"In agriculture, as in any business, the trial and error method
can be very time consuming and expensive," says Nadine
Stielow of the Fruit Growers Society of Alberta. Fort
Saskatchewan. Production questions arise that range from
how the plants mature and their flowering and fruiting
potential, right down to what is the best way to store the
harvested fruit."
For prairie fruit growers, a broader knowledge of production
issues may increase the quantity and quality of marketable
fruit. These issues will be addressed at the Alberta Horticulture
Congress, November 12 to 14. 1998 at the Mayfield Inn.
Edmonton.
Dr. Jocelyn Ozga, associate professor at the U of A, has been
teaching and conducting research in the department of
agricultural, food and nutritional science at the university for
the last six years. Her areas of research include studying
Saskatoon fruit development. She will address the topics of
flower and fruit development and present information from
recent studies that compare flowering patterns and fruit
development in four cultivars of Saskatoons.
Dr. Rick Knowles, professor in the department of plant science
at the U of A, specializes in the field of post-harvest physiology
of horticultural products. This topic involves understanding
how fruits and vegetables ripen and how they behave after
harvest. Such knowledge will help producers store produce in
the best way possible. Knowles, along with Suzy Rogiers, has
studied the ripening process in Saskatoons and has been
working on methods to keep harvested Saskatoon berries
fresh for long periods of time. He also has experience with
controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage. At the Hort Congress, he
will talk about the ripening process in Saskatoons. CA storage
systems and a method of cooling produce that is very efficient.
Many topics on prairie fruit orchards, crop production and
marketing will be covered at the Congress. Programs and
registration packages for the Hort Congress are available by
calling the Congress office at (403) 415-2324. Registration for
the three-day Congress is SI 75 plus GST.
For information on commercial fruit sessions, contact Don
Fossum (403) 467-6992 or Nadine Stielow (403) 998-0481.
both members of the Fruit Growers Society of Alberta.
Contact. Saditic Stielow Sharon Faye
(403) 998-0481 (403) 422-2961
Shirley Alton
(403) 415-2324
Extension time in the sheep
industry
November is the time when extension activities in the sheep
industry kick into high gear at Olds College and around the
province.
"Earlier this year, the Alberta Sheep & Wool Commission
(ASWC) identified several barriers to growth in the sheep
industry," says Susan Hosford. sheep development advisor
with Alberta Agriculture. Food and Rural Development. "One of
the critical factors in resolving most of the barriers is
education on a variety of issues To address two education
needs, grazing and predator control, it is planned to take some
educational sessions on the road."
The first stop for the traveling road show' is at the Lethbridge
Research Station conference room on November 12 at
7:30 p.m. Further information on this session is available by
contacting Kim Stanford at (403) 381-5150.
On November 13, the session is being held at the Lacombe
Research Station administration building in conjunction with
the Zone 4 meeting of the ASWC. The meeting starts at
2:00 p.m. and the educational session at 7:30 p.m. Further
information on this session is available by contacting Hosford
at (403)877-2226.
The last session is planned for November 14 at Courtesy
Corner in Rycroft. The program starts at 9:00 a.m. with the
Zone 7 ASWC, continued with the annual general meeting of
the Peace River Lamb Growers and followed by the educational
session. Contact for this day's meetings and session is Ernie
Hills (403) 532-0290.
"The featured speaker at the sessions is Dr. Ben Bartlett,
veterinarian, sheep producer and livestock extension agent
from Michigan State University He will speak on pasture and
grazing management." says Hosford. "John Bourne, vertebrate
pest control specialist with Alberta Agriculture will cover
predator control for sheep producers. Each session also
includes a presentation by a local forage specialist."
Olds College is offering a course on Sheep Shearing and Wool
Handling on November 28 and 29. 1998. Information on this
course is available by contacting Jennifer Hunder
(403) 556-4734, Olds
The Beginner Sheep Production School is scheduled for
February 6 and 7, 1999 This seminar is of interest to anyone
in the sheep industry who is looking to upgrade their
knowledge
Registrations for the Intermediate Sheep Production School on
November 7 and 8, 1998 have already been filled. For
information on future intermediate course dates, contact Olds
College extension services at (403) 556-4734.
Contact: Susan Hosford
(403) 877-2226
November 2, 1998 - page 4
Agronomy update
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development is holding
the annual Agronomy Update Conference in Lethbridge on
January 21 to 22, 1999
"The conference is intended to provide an update for farmers
and specialists on the latest agronomic research being
conducted in the province and over 30 speakers will be
discussing their latest results," says Dr. Ross McKenzie, soil
fertility specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Lethbridge. "A number of the planned sessions
include in-depth panel discussion periods."
Conference sessions include:
• Soil fertility and management - new fertilizer products,
elemental S fertilizer, measuring soil quality and soil
health;
• Manure management update - lessons from long-term
research plots, composting manure and new research
projects being initiated;
• Silage production - using barley, triticale and corn for
silage;
• Insect update - outbreak forecasts, new research,
developing crop resistance to insects, environmental
impact of insecticides and bio-control of insects;
• Crop production research - including canola and cereal
research, growing high protein wheat and optimizing pea
production;
• Crop rotation research - why rotations are critical to
optimizing yields and the importance of rotations in
disease control; and,
• Herbicide and weed update - precision spraying of weeds,
controlling dandelions in zero-till and hay, effect of time of
weed removal on yields, integrated weed management,
update on weed resistance to herbicides and implications
for on-farm herbicide management.
Conference registration cost is $65. For more information, or
to register, contact the agronomy unit office in Lethbridge,
(403) 381-5126.
Contact: Ross McKenzie
(403) 381-5842
Alberta farmers insured more
crops in 1998
Attracted by lower premiums and concerned about dry field
conditions, Alberta farmers bought crop insurance on
9 5 million acres of production in 1998. That's up 12 per cent
- or one million acres - from 1997 levels, the second
substantial coverage increase in as many years.
"In direct response to farmer feedback, Agriculture Financial
Services Corporation (AFSC) reduced premiums an average of
25 per cent for the 1997 crop year," says Ed Stelmach Minister
of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Farmers took
advantage of lower premiums by insuring 8.5 million acres of
crop in 1997, an increase of 1.2 million acres over 1996."
For 1998, AFSC took its New Look Crop Insurance a step
further, giving farmers more flexibility in their coverage
options and providing a new premium discount for farmers
who insured all their crops.
"Even though 1998 s insured acres increased by one million,
AFSC wrote only 282 more contracts than in 1997," adds
Stelmach. "That means average policyholders insured about
90 per cent of their seeded acreage in 1998, compared to the
more customary level of 70 per cent to 80 per cent."
"The growth in acres covered is a result of seasonal factors
combined with the excellent value AFSC offers farmers," says
Brian Manning, president and managing director of
Agriculture Financial Services Corporation. "AFSC sells risk
management and peace of mind. With the dry fall and winter
of 1997-98, Alberta farmers weren't taking any chances on
losing their income to natural perils. We're delighted that
AFSC's greater flexibility and lower premiums made crop
insurance an easy decision."
In 1998, 75 per cent of farmers who purchased crop insurance
also added a hail endorsement rider to their policy to protect
against losses due to hail. Farmers can also purchase straight
hail insurance without buying crop insurance. In 1998,
4.8 million acres were insured through this program.
AFSC is a provincial Crown corporation with 49 offices across
Alberta. It provides farmers and agri-businesses with crop
insurance, income protection and financing options.
Contact: Ron Glen Brian Manning
(403) 427-2137 (403) 782-8225
November 2, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Cheese lovers rejoice!
Studies show that along with good dental care, cheese can help
reduce dental cavities. Researchers have pointed to a number
of ways in which cheese can help keep teeth healthy. The
calcium and phosphorous in cheese are slowly released as you
eat. These minerals go into tooth enamel and help strengthen
or re-mineralize the enamel in teeth. Some researchers
believe the fat in cheese may coat teeth arid act as a barrier
between food and the bacteria that can cause cavities. Casein,
one of the proteins in cheese, may also help protect teeth.
Finally, cheese reduces the acidity of saliva, that in turn
reduces the risk of tooth decay. Eating a piece of cheese is a
wise dental choice and something to smile about. For more
information, contact the Alberta Milk Producers
(403) 453-5942 in Edmonton or toll free in Alberta
1-800-252-7530.
Reduced tillage conference and
trade show
Exploring Cropping Opportunities for Dryland and Irrigation, a
reduced tillage conference and trade show, is being held on
December 1 and 2, 1998 at the Cypress Centre in Medicine
Hat. The conference's two-day program is organized under the
direction of farmers from southern Alberta and addresses
reduced tillage and weed control for both dryland and
irrigation situations. Topics being discussed include: cropping
systems, forage production, control of weeds, pulse
production, rotations for reduced tillage, residue management
and fertility considerations Advance registration fees are $25
for a one-day pass or $40 for a two-day pass. Registration is
required bv November 2". 1998. For further information,
contact Carol Willms at .'.iberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development at (403) 529-3616.
Cm 1998
The Canadian Western Agribition (CwA) is held from
November 22 until November 29 in Regina, Saskatchewan. The
1998 Agribition features more livestock events than ever
before. Many demonstrations, competitions, shows and sales
are planned, including:
• 16 purebred beef breeds, nine of which are Canadian
National Shows:
• Texas Longhoms trophy steer show, mature female show
and prospect steer show;
• the Canadian National Bison show and sale;
• an Elk sale;
• North America Equine Ranching Information Council's
(NAERIC) Super Team competition;
• NAERIC's Select Ranch Horse competition and sale;
• Canadian Cutting Horse Association non-pro & open
competition;
• CWA dressed meat competition;
• Draft horse hitch show and junior showmanship;
• Junior swine show;
• Boer goats show and sale;
• premiering this year, a dairy goat show and sale; and,
• a llama show and sale, to name but a few.
For more information on the Canadian Western Agribition
1998, contact Marci Desroches (306) 586-8553, Regina.
Saskatchewan.
Agri -News
November 9, 1998
Two east central Albertans
chosen for 4-H Hall of Fame
On Octob'T 28. Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development, announced the 1998 inductees to the
Alberta 4-H Hall of Fame. The announcement was made as
part of the preparations leading up to National 4-H Week,
November 2 to 8, 1998.
"Together, Dwayne Grover of Stettler and Diane Maull of
Metiskovv have dedicated close to 75 years to Alberta's 4-H
program," says Stelmach. "Their leadership and initiative has
made an impact at all levels of 4-H."
As the youngest member inducted into the 4-H Hall of Fame,
Dwayne Grover is known locally as Mr. 4-H. Former members
say that Grover has the ability to cultivate skills in both
children and adults that they didn't realize they possessed.
Grover grew up in the Byemoor 4-H Beef Club and was the first
leader of the Rainbow Riders 4-H Horse Club. Locally, he has
held executive positions on the Stettler district council and
several committees. He was instrumental in the development
of several member programs including Mind Your Own
Business, the east central judging, knowledge and marketing
clinics, rodeos, light horse shows and STARS Rides for Life.
Grover's knowledge and talents have been enlisted in both the
planning and delivery of such provincial events as the
Provincial -4-H Leaders' Conference, Showcase '92. Provincial
Equine Advisory Committee. 4-H rodeo project and the new
horse project material.
In addition to his 4-H activities. Grover was recognized as an
Alberta Treasury Branches' Great AJbertan and the 1998
Volunteer of the Year for the Alberta Quarter Horse Association.
He was also involved with the Sylvan Lake and Stettler
Agricultural Societies and the Alberta Summer Games.
Diane Maull began her 4-H career as a member, where she
was awarded a trip to the Toronto Royal winter Fair She served
as a 4-H alumni member and leader of the Czar-Metiskow 4-H
Club. She has also held several positions at all levels of 4-H
including chairing Showcase '92 and being president of the
Alberta 4-H Council and chair of the Cookbook Committee.
Maull is currently vice-chair of the 4-H Foundation of Alberta.
During her term as president, Maull guided the 4-H Council
through a transition period of budget reduction. She was a
member of the 4-H Partners Team when 4-H was a Silver
Recipient at the Premier's Award of Excellence ceremonies m
1997.
Conl d on page 2
This Week
Two east central Albertans chosen for 4-H Hall of
Fame 1
Designer genes at the dinner table
Fall fertilizing
Economic trends in Alberta 's hog production 3
Alberta 4-H'ers compete in Montana 3
New land stewardship resource 3
Briefs 4
A^C\~]V@WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /^foOTlO
, . _ ..^ ... — . . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.an.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
November 9, 1998 - page 2
Maul! is also active in other community initiatives. She has
participated in Canadian Girls In Training, Women of Unifarm,
the regional hospital advisory board and the Wainwright
Progressive Conservative Association. In 1991, Maull and her
husband received the Alberta Farm Family Award.
"Dwayne Grover and Diane Maull have both dedicated many
years to Alberta's 4-H program. It is appropriate that we pay
tribute to them during National 4-H Week," adds Stelmach.
They will be officially inducted into the Alberta 4-H Hall of
Fame at the 4-H Leaders' Conference Banquet in Red Deer on
January 16, 1999.
Contact: Penny Wilkes
(403) 422-4H4H (4444)
Designer genes at the dinner
table
A public food biotechnology conference, Designer Genes at
the Dinner Table, is being held at the University of Calgary on
March 5 to 7, 1999 This major citizens' conference on food
biotechnology will bring together participants from British
Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba to consider
the social impacts of genetic modification of food products.
"For the first time in Canada, ordinary citizens are being
invited to participate as the main players in discussions with
experts on the future of food," says Edna Einsiedel,
communications professor at the University of Calgary. "The
recent release of the Canadian Biotechnology Strategy, which
relies extensively on public consultation and involvement,
makes this conference very timely."
In addition to the general public, regulators, scientists and
representatives of consumer and environmental organizations
will attend as experts to answer specific questions from the
citizen panellists.
"Although it has been used for 10 years in Europe, this unique
process has never been tried in Canada before," says
conference manager Deborah Eastlick. "This conference gives
regular people an opportunity to participate in a high level
discussion and possibly influence public policy through
recommendations made during the conference."
The report of the citizen panel from the conference will be
distributed to the Canadian public, industry and will be
submitted to the seven federal ministries responsible for
biotechnology - Industry, Agriculture and Agri-Food. Health,
Environment. Fisheries and Oceans, Natural Resources and
International Trade.
"An invitation was extended to the public in September." says
Eastlick. "Over 320 responses were received from Western
Canada, from which 15 panellists will be selected to participate
at the March conference along with eight to 12 experts."
For more information on the conference, or to be on the list to
receive the citizen panel report, contact Deborah Eastlick at
(403) 220-3925 in Calgary or e-mail gedisgn@ucalgary.ca
Contact: Deborah Eastlick
(403) 220-3925
e-mail: mtkelly@ucalgary. ca
Fall fertilizing
Deciding on a fall fertilization program is a difficult chore any
year. Research data show that fall application can return a
better yield response than applying in the spring when
conditions are dry, but there is some loss of effectiveness when
there is excess moisture.
"Fertilizer prices are often lower in the fall and there may be
some tax advantage to buying inputs before year end," says
Ron Hockridge, crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, Wetaskiwin. "Fall fertilizing can also
mean time savings during the busy spring period, an
important factor to consider. On the other hand, finding spare
money to buy inputs that far ahead of the growing season can
be a challenge."
This year, the decision was made harder by an early harvest
and an open fall. Farmers certainly had more time to get fall
work done but timing of application has become the key
question.
"In the past, specialists have recommended that soil testing be
delayed until soil temperatures where fertilizer is placed are
below four degrees Celsius," says Hockridge. "Research shows
that soil nutrient levels remain virtually unchanged between
fall and spring at that point. However, recent work by Westco
shows that soil nutrient losses are normally very low when
fertilizer is applied before this time. Taking all the information
available and making a decision is where farming becomes an
art as much as a science."
Research attempts to measure what is normal and how much
variation away from the norm you can expect in any given year.
Researchers replicate plots to find how much variation there is
in a year and tries to repeat this experiment several years to
get answers that apply to the varying climate of a particular
area. In order to control costs, extreme conditions that seldom
occur are ignored. These answers do not apply to every
situation.
"In applying the results from research, farmers need a clear
understanding of the experiments that were done and the
conditions being faced." adds Hockridge. "In the case of
fertilizer, loss is a function of temperature, moisture, the
amount of time at that temperature and several other factors.
Research gives farmers benchmark data for making decisions.
The farmer needs to judge how well the data fits his situation
and anticipate changes that will affect the decision.
Cont d on page 3
November 9, 1998 - page 3
"Weather trends in the province indicate that soils that are
above four degrees Celsius won't stay that way long enough to
make a significant difference on fertilizer losses. Farmers who
are going to apply fertilizer this fall, should probably start
now"
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403) 361-1240
Alberta 4-H'ers compete in
Montana
Alberta 4-H member judges did very well at the Northern
International Livestock Exposition (NILE) Livestock Judging
Competition held in Billings. Montana in October Four Alberta
4-H'ers traveled to Montana to compete in the competition
which involved over 350 contestants in three divisions.
"The Alberta team consisted of Heidi Hofstra of Millet, Carolyn
Miller of Balzac, Stephanie Brander of Airdrie and Kirstine
Nicol of Etziko." says Henry Wiegman, provincial 4-H
agriculture specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "They competed in the Senior 4-H Division with
over 80 other participants."
Team Alberta finished in eighth place overall. They were also
sixth overall for their reasons and second in swine judging. In
addition to doing very well as a team, members had excellent
individual results. Heidi Hofstra, a Rollyview 4-H Dairy Club
member was first in swine judging and sixth overall. Carolyn
Miller of Airdrie 4-H Beef Club was fourth in swine judging and
Kirstine Nicol of the Shortgrass Beef Club was seventh in beef
judging. These placings mark the best performance the Alberta
Team has had in three vears of competing at the NILE.
4-H members who traveled to the NILE earned a place on the
team based on their results last August at the Alberta 4-H
Provincial Multi Species Judging Competition held in Olds.
Alberta also sends a team of eight judges to the Agribition
International Multi Species Judging Competition in Regina in
late November and a team of eight judges to the Denver,
Colorado Western Regional 4-H Judging Competition in
January, 1999.
The NILE judging award trip was made possible through the
support and co-sponsorship of .Alberta 4-H Programs Trust,
Alberta Treasury Branches, and Lammle's Western Wear.
Contact. Henry Wiegman
(403) 422 4II4II
Economic trends in Alberta's
hog production
Market price fluctuations have a significant effect on
profitability. A model has been developed to track a number of
input costs and revenue for Alberta over a period of time and
compare these numbers to other areas in North America.
"The study was based on a 600 sow farrow-to-finish model
operation with constant production efficiency,'' says Fred
Schuld, pork programs coordinator with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Edmonton. "Four cost variables
were examined: feed, labour, capital depreciation, capital
interest, and revenue. Quarterly data was collected from 1989
to 1998"
Many observations were made, including:
• feed costs have declined by 30 per cent since the second
quarter of 1996;
• feed costs ranged from 35 to 50 per cent of revenue;
• the other cost items examined were much less variable
than feed costs:
• hog prices were higher than long-term averages for most of
1996 and 1997; and,
• margins fluctuated widely primarily due to hog prices and.
to a lesser exte-'. feed costs.
Further details from this study are available and producers arc
encouraged to contact Richard Heikkila at (403) 422-4088 or
Fred Schuld at (403) 427-5320. Also, the full text of this study
has been posted to Alberta Agriculture's web site:
http: www.agric.gov.ab.ca livestock, pork/baconbits/
index.html
Hog prices are published on the Internet at these sites:
• httpVAuuv.agric.gov.ab.ca economic/ stats/wklvstck.html
• http: \uvw FBMlnet.ca bulletin fbmbul03.htm
• http: /www.gov.mb. co/ agriculture/ news/mmgo.html
• http www.albertapork.com/markets.htm
Contact: Fred Schuld Richard Heikkila
(403) 427-4592 (403) 422-4088
New land stewardship resource
A new resource centre and referral service wis launched on
internet on October 23. 1998. The site. Land Stewardship
Resource Centre contains numerous references on the best
available resources, websites, conservation programs and
contacts. The site address is:
http :// www. La n dS t e war d s h i p . o rg
"Producers looking !'< - practical tips on water quality,
biodiversity, grazing management, private woodlots.
conservation tillage, homes and gardens, can find information
through this new on-line information clearinghouse.'' says Ken
Gurr of the Land Stewardship Centre of Canada (LSCC). "The
Cont d on page ■)
November 9, 1998 - page 4
site also features a virtual general store with special sections
devoted to Alberta made products, environmentally
sustainable products, a network of volunteer land stewards,
and an on-line Kitchen Table forum."
The goal of this on-line service is to make information easily
accessible and practical for public use. Promoting good land
stewardship and making sure information is readily available
is essential for maintaining healthy landscapes now and in the
future.
"From farmers and ranchers to acreage owners and backyard
gardeners, people want to know what's available, what they can
do right now on their land and what the benefits of practicing
sound land stewardship are," adds Gurr. "The Resource
Centre was developed to help answer questions and inspire
people to take practical, positive actions to look after their land
in an environmentally friendly way."
The Resource Centre, a free public service available on
internet, was developed with funding and support from many
organizations including: Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development's AESA (Alberta Environmentally Sustainable
Agriculture program), Environment Canada-Eco Action 2000,
Ducks Unlimited Canada/North American Waterfowl
Management Plan, Alberta Environmental Protection, Alberta
Cattle Commission, Alberta Sport, Recreation, Parks & Wildlife
Foundation, Alberta Pacific Forest Industries, Earthkeeping,
Alberta Environment Network and FEESA (Friends of
Environmental Education Society of Alberta).
"In addition to the website, Albertans can phone in with
stewardship questions," says Gurr. "The number to call is
(403) 458-5700. Plans are to have a 1-800 service up and
running in 1999 "
Contact: Ken Gurr
(403) 458-5700
e-mail: Lscgurr@compusmart. ab. ca
§286 51594 7915
Agri-News Briefs
Leaders Challenge Conference
Agri-Industry: Boundless Growth? is the theme of the
upcoming Leaders Challenge conference being held at the
Capri Hotel and Convention Centre in Red Deer on January 22
to 23, 1999. The conference is a follow-up to the January 1997
Leaders Challenge conference, Seizing the $20 Billion
Opportunity, organized by the Agriculture and Food Council.
The 1999 conference focuses on where the industry is headed
and where boundaries to growth are likely to be in the future.
It provides an opportunity to meet other industry
representatives, customers, government representatives and
potential partners. Current issues and trends, the latest
successes in Alberta's Agri-Industry and challenges of the
shifting and emerging industry boundaries will be explored.
Delegates will hear from industry experts on key topics,
participate in media sessions on important issues facing the
industry, and visit value chain displays. Areas for discussion
include: emerging industries, bio-tech and functional foods,
value chains, implications of the Post Crow era. investment
and finance, niche marketing, food safety, and the latest on
global trade negotiations. For further information, contact Don
Diduck at the Alberta Congress Board at (403) 421-9330,
e-mail: congress© sas.ab.ca
Agri -News
November 16, 1998
Get soaked!
Soaking yard and garden plants, trees and shrubs in the fall is
an important step in preparing plants for the winter. Fall
watering can recharge the moisture supply in the root zone
and in the plants, if they are still absorbing water.
"In the fall, after the first frost, but before the soil is frozen, fill
the soil profile around trees and shrubs with water," says
Shelley Barkley, information officer at the Crop Diversification
Centre, Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Brooks. "When done too late in the fall, the plants may not
able to absorb this water into their root systems, but soaking
may still help protect the roots from drying out when there is
little or no snow cover. That final soaking also ensures that
water is available early in the spring. On the other hand, if the
plants can still take the water in and move it up and into the
branches, buds and needles, they will go into winter in the
best possible shape. Irrigate the shallow-rooted species twice
to be sure there is ample water in the root zone."
When fall watering, knowing how long to let the water run has
no set rule and is not easily answered. A lot of factors such as
soil texture, water pressure and water flow, need to be
considered.
"It is important to recharge the root zone with water, but be
sure the plants are not sitting in a puddle." says Barkley. "A
word of caution if dealing with newly planted trees in a beau
clay soil with poor drainage, watch how much water you apply
and when. If the water applied is not absorbed into the soil, it
can freeze and heave the root ball partially out of the ground."
It is easy to focus on trees and shrubs when watering, but
don't overlook watering the other perennial plants in the yard
and garden as well. Strawberries, raspberries and flowering
perennials will all come through winter in better shape if they
are watered in late fall.
"Fall watering will not overcome the stress caused by
inadequate watering during the growing season." adds Barkley.
"Proper watering practices during the spring and summer,
plus fall watering, will help plants to come through the winter
in the best possible health.
Contact: Shelley Barkley
(403) 362-1305
This Week
Get soaked! 1
Annual horse breeders and owners conference 2
Care and handling of farm animals 2
Scentless chamomile biocontrol 2
Special weed problems 3
Sliding down the cattle cycle 4
Briefs 4
A^JCl'JV&WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dltX3ffQ
. . _ .. .. . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agnc.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
November 16, 1998 - page 2
Annual horse breeders and
owners conference
Each year in Alberta, the horse industry section of Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development organizes the
Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference. The
event is the premier horse conference in North America and
one that Alberta's horse enthusiasts look forward to. The 1999
conference is being held on January 8, 9 and 10, 1999 at the
Capri Centre in Red Deer.
"The 1999 conference features 14 internationally recognized
speakers," says Les Burwash, manager of equine programs
with Alberta Agriculture. "The organizing committee has put
together an excellent program of speakers and presentations.
Topics such as new equine nutrition and research, pre-
purchase exams, trailer safety, and the value of a versatile
horse are included in the agenda."
The conference is arranged so that attendees can follow four
streams of interest - Arabian, Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred
and all breeds. While many follow the program designed for a
particular breed preference, conference participants can
attend any of the sessions and will receive the printed
materials from all sessions.
The program starts with a wine and cheese reception on
Friday, January 8 at 7:00 p.m. Saturday's sessions begin at
8:40 a.m. Brian Keating of the Calgary Zoo presents Secret
Springs: Classic Wild Africa as the Saturday evening special
feature and on Sunday, the conference wraps up with another
full day of sessions.
Conference registration is $75 per person. For more
information about the 1999 conference, contact Burwash in
Airdrie at (403) 948-8532. Government numbers are toll-free
by dialing 310-0000 to connect to a RITE line.
Contact: Les Burwash
(403) 948-8538
Care and handling of farm
animals
When it comes to the care and handling of farm animals,
specific Codes of Practice have been established for the various
species. These codes of practice give clear guidelines regarding
acceptable practices for rearing, transportation and marketing
of Alberta livestock.
"A series of fact sheets, each four pages in length, provides an
overview of the national Codes of Practice," says Dr. Ray
Fenton, head of the animal welfare for Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "They are perfect for classroom
use, agricultural awareness programs, agricultural fairs and
exhibitions, and media. They can also be used to increase
awareness among other segments of the agri-food sector."
Fact Sheets are now available for: beef cattle, dairy cattle, pigs,
poultry, sheep, veal calves, horses and farmed deer. The new
fact sheets outline all groups involved in the development of
the detailed Codes of Practice.
Alberta Agriculture has assumed responsibility for the printing
and distribution of the fact sheets within the province. Copies
are available at no charge from the Alberta Farm Animal Care
Association (AFAC), veterinary associations, livestock and farm
organizations, Alberta Agriculture district offices and by calling
Julie Popowicz, animal welfare branch, Alberta Agriculture, at
(403) 422-4844 or fax (403) 427-1057. Government numbers
are toll-free by dialing 310-0000 to connect to a RITE line.
When supplies run out, reproductions may be made from
copies received. The fact sheets are also available on the
Canadian Agri-Food Research Council (G\RC) website:
www.carc-crac.ca
"Recommended Codes of Practice for the Care and Handling of
Farm Animals are nationally developed guidelines for the
proper care and handling of the different species of farm
animals," adds Fenton. "The Codes are voluntary and are
intended to be used as an educational tool in the promotion of
sound husbandry and welfare practices. The Codes
contain recommendations to assist farmers and others in the
agriculture and food sector to compare and improve their own
livestock management practices. Presently, there are eight
Codes, and two more are under development."
Contact: Dr. Ray Fenton Julie Popowicz
(403) 427-4615 (403) 422-4844
Scentless chamomile biocontrol
A seed weevil released six years ago as a biocontrol agent for
the noxious weed scentless chamomile has successfully
established in Western Canada.
"Researchers at the Alberta Research Council (ARC) and
Lethbridge Research Centre (LRC) have jointly monitored the
establishment of the seed weevil since its release," says
Dr. Alec McClay, weed biocontrol specialist with ARC. "Recent
surveys show good establishment in approximately 70 per cent
of release sites."
Scentless chamomile is a severe problem in cropland and
waste areas of the black, grey and dark brown soil zones of
Western Canada. With seed production of up to 1.8 million per
square metre and no major enemies in Canada, the European
weed has spread rapidly.
"Scentless chamomile is an aggressive competitor with crops,"
says weed biocontrol specialist Dr. Rosemarie DeClerck-Floate
with LRC. "It can significantly reduce the yield of spring and
winter wheat and various perennial crops."
Conl d on page 3
Few chemicals are registered for use on scentless chamomile
and few are effective once the plants pass the seedling stage
About 10 years ago. scientists began considering biological
agents to control the weed. The European seed-feeding weevil.
Apion hookeri was the first biocontrol agent screened for safe
release in Canada and is the one researchers have been
working with for several years. The tiny, black weevil is about
two millimetres in length. It develops from egg to adult in the
seed heads of scentless chamomile and, once well established,
is capable of reducing seed production by feeding on
developing seeds.
"In the late 1980s, as part of the research protocol, scientists
at the Agriculture Canada and Agri-Food Canada Research
Centre in Regina conducted quarantined studies to ensure the
weevil would not attack plants of economic importance or any
closely- related plant species native to North America. During
that time, the European weevil was found to have already
made it to North America on its own. A population was
discovered on scentless chamomile in Nova Scotia, where field
studies on related plants confirmed that it was attacking only
scentless chamomile.
The European weevil was given regulatory approval for release
in 1992. with the Nova Scotia population also approved for
release in Western Canada. The insect has since been released
at numerous sites in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and
British Columbia.
"We've determined that 71 per cent of releases monitored for
the past five years have been successfully established," McClay
says. According to his results from experimental field plots in
.Alberta, the seed weevil has shown year-to-year increases of up
to 17-fold from an initial release of 38 adults made five years
ago. In mass-rearing cages, the increase reached 64-fold. At
field sites in Saskatchewan where the weevil was released in
1995, about 10 to 17 per cent of the seed heads checked had
been attacked by the insect.
Researchers have also found the number of weevils per seed
head is increasing at some sites. At a 1995 release site near
Canwood. Saskatchewan. 17 adults were found on one seed
head, a record so far for a field release. "Given that it takes
about 1 5 weevils per head to completely destroy the
approximately 170 seeds produced by a flower, we hope to see
a reduced scentless chamomile seed bank in the future as
seed weevil numbers continue to increase," DeClerck-Floate
says.
Scientists have discovered that the biocontrol agent can move
quickly within and between scentless chamomile patches. In a
study near Edmonton, researchers found that the weevil had
migrated up to 800 metres from the original release point,
three years after the release was made. At Vegreville. weevils
were found up to four kilometres away after five vears Once
the weevil has been established in a region where scentless
November 16, 1998 - page 3
chamomile is a problem, McClay and DeClerck-Floate expect
that it will be able to find and colonize new patches of the
weed without much help from weed control technicians
Contact: Dr. Rosemarw DeClerck-Floate
(403) 317-2270
Dr. Alec McClay Ron McMullin
(403) 632-8207 (403) 327-4561
Special weed problems
Special weeds is a term used to describe weeds that are less
common than others and hard to control. Obtaining good
information on the subject is often difficult, too.
"Good information on controlling special weeds is essential."
says Gordon Frank, crop specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development, Brooks. "Where to get that
information can sometimes pose a problem. In AlSerta, the
publication Crop Protection with Chemicals, more
commonly referred to as the "blue book", is updated each
year."
Other sources of information can often help farmers target
their weed control programs to specifically deal with their
unique weed problems. Manitoba Agriculture has a listing of
some special weeds and some of the herbicide options that
can be used to control them. Taking information from other
jurisdictions and modifying it to be effective in Alberta can give
farmers extra options for weed control. It is advisable to
contact one of the provincial crop specialists or weed and pest
control specialists to be sure chemical applications work
under Alberta's unique climate and growing conditions.
Some special weeds that cause problems for Alberta farmers,
include:
• Curled Dock - Roundup or Touchdown is effective when
weeds are in the early bud stage. MCPA or 2.4-1) amine give
top growth control.
• Goat's Beard - 2,4-D amine applied in early fall or early
spring.
• Field Horsetail - MCPA amine or salt formulation should
be used to control this weed after the weeds have fully
emerged. This gives top growth control Amitrol in non-
cropland when the weed is actively growing will give better
control but is costly and non-selective.
• Milkweed - Amitrol T can be used in non-cropland
Roundup or Touchdown type products are effective in non-
crop situations. Milkweed should be in the bud to bloom
stage and since not all plants reach this stage at the same
time, repeat treatments may be required. When dealing
with Milk-weed, don't apply herbicides to plants covered
with dust
Conl d on page i
November 16, 1998 - page 4
• Round-leaved Mallow - 2,4-D can be used when weeds
are in the two- to four-leaf stage.
"Special weeds are special for a reason," adds Frank. "There
are no quick fixes for problems with these weeds. The
products mentioned are part of one of the tools farmers can
use in conjunction with good cultural practices to control
these weeds."
"Knowing ahead of time which weeds will appear next spring
gives farmers advance preparation time," says Shaffeek Ali,
provincial weed and pest control specialist with Alberta
Agriculture. "Take some time over the winter months to
contact one of Alberta's crop specialists, weed and pest
specialists or a local herbicide dealer to get a clear picture of
the types of herbicides and application amounts that may be
needed next spring to combat weed problems."
Always remember, when using herbicides, follow label
direction for exact rates and registered crops.
Contact: Gordon Frank Shaffeek Ali
(403) 362-1212 (403) 422-4909
Sliding down the cattle cycle
The cattle markets are bullish these days, in a marketing sense
anyway. Word from the media is in favor of rising prices and
the growth side of the cattle cycle. There are some reasons to
think this may not be entirely true.
"The Canadian market has been enjoying reasonable, if not
stellar, cattle prices," says Doug Walkey, market specialist with
.Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Lacombe.
"The pricing mechanism is unchanged, with slaughter cattle
setting the trend, and feeder cattle being priced based on the
slaughter price less feed costs. This year, the feed costs have
looked lower than in the past few years, and feeders have been
bid accordingly."
There are a number of reasons why the cattle market may still
be falling. The first is the exchange rate. Reasonable slaughter
cattle prices have been the result of a weak Canadian dollar in
relation to US currency. The comparable US price was near
$64/cwt as of the beginning of November, hardly a profitable
level for our US neighbors. Worse yet, it is unprofitable enough
to encourage them to cut back on their herds again this year.
The second issue is the high slaughter weights of cattle.
Economic pressures on finishers encouraged them to add
extra weight to the carcass, in spite of a sizable discount. For
most of this year, the price of fed heifers has been higher than
steers, a clear discount on larger-than-acceptable carcass
weights. While this appears to be easing, there has still been
more beef per head sold into the market.
"A third consideration is the large crop of cattle being
slaughtered," adds Walkey. "Calves going to market now were
born in 1997, before anyone did much downsizing of their
herds. We have a large calf crop being marketed and that
means plentiful meat."
Yet another consideration are competitive meats: supplies of
pork and chicken are up, increasing the total meat supplies on
the market.
"Put it all together, continued culling, large carcass weights,
large slaughter numbers and large supplies of competitive
meats, and it is small wonder that cattle prices are still
trending on the downward side of the cycle," says Walkey.
"Are cattle on the upside of the next cycle? Perhaps. The
market is nowhere near the lows set in April 1996 at $54/cwt
US. History will likely record that as the low for this cycle. On
the other hand, the trend hasn't been broken out of yet. With
luck, this will happen over the winter as the US lowers it's
breeding cow herd."
For more information, check with a local beef or market
specialist with Alberta Agriculture.
Contact: Doug Walkey
(403) 782-3301
e-mail: doug. ivalkey@agric.gov.ab.ca
National Library of Canada
3 3286 51594 7857
Agri-News Briefs
The future of food and agribusiness
The 4,h annual Agri-Food Outlook conference is being held in
four centres in Canada in 1998: December 3 in Winnipeg,
Manitoba; December 4 in Calgary, Alberta; December 7 in
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; and December 9 in Kitchener,
Ontario. The conference is coordinated by the Outlook
Partners: George Morris Centre, the Bank of Montreal, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Manitoba
Agriculture, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food, Ontario
Agricultural Leadership Alumni and the Ontario Ministry of
Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. This year's theme is The
future of food and agribusiness: creating your own...
The day-long sessions include presentations on the future of
food; macroeconomic outlook; grains and oilseeds outlook;
commodity outlooks; and, the future of agribusiness.
Concurrent sessions on hogs, poultry, dairy, beef and potatoes
are also featured. Corporate sponsors for the conference
include: Agrium, Cargill Limited, C\SCO, Dow AgroSciences
and the Canadian Farm Business Management Council.
Registration for the conference is $l60.50/single and
$294.25/double (fees include GST). For more information on
the conference or registration, call the Outlook Infoline at
1-800-206-0391.
Agri ^ews
November 23, 1998
Final agricultural lease review
report released
The Agricultural Lease Review Report was jointly released by
the Honourable Ed Stelmach, Minister of Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development and the Honourable Ty Lund, Minister
of AJberta Environmental Protection, on November 12, 1998.
The Agricultural Lease Review Committee, chaired by Tom
Thurber, the MLA for Drayton Valley-Calmar, produced a final
document after going through an extensive public review
process. Thurber has been asked to assist the ministers with
the implementation of the legislative and policy changes
required from this Government Report.
"This report recommends a change in the status quo," says
Thurber. "It outlines the philosophy for a new arrangement
between the landowner - the Province - and our leaseholders.
There have been some changes to provisions of the Interim
Report. Stakeholders will be involved in developing the
implementation of a number of the provisions of the Report.
The changes will be implemented during 1999 "
The Agricultural Lease Review Committee was formed in May
1997, to consult with Albertans and provide recommendations
on issues affecting the management of public land in the
settled (White) area of the province. Twenty-three public
meetings were held across the province in October and
November 1997. An Interim Report was released in May 1998
and the public was invited to submit comments on that
Interim Report until September 30. 1998.
Individuals or groups that indicated during the public review
process that they would like to receive a copy of the final
Report will receive theirs in the mail.
Others who are interested in receiving a report may order one
by telephone or download the report from Alberta Agriculture's
website. Telephone (403) 427-3595 (toll-free in Alberta by first
dialing 310-0000), or on the Internet at:
http://w^Tv-.agric.gov.ab.ca/ruraldev/publands/aglease/
index.html
Contact: Torn Thurber. MLA
(403) 415-0981
Roger Mart in
(403) 427-3595
This Week
Final agriculture lease review report released
1
Dandelion control project
2
Warm conditions continued into October
3
Agri-Ville is open for business
3
Berry Production: alternative farm revenue
generation
4
Manure Management workshops
4
What can yearling radiographs tell us?
5
People, Pastures & Profits
6
Briefs
7
Agri-News
Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax: (403) 427-2861
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ah.ca
/dlberra
AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
November 23, 1998 - page 2
Agricultural Lease Review
Report - Summary of Provisions
Sale of Public Land - Continued use and conservation of
public land under provincial ownership is confirmed. These
public lands are an asset of the province. This intention will be
tempered with orderly sales of vacant public land in the
Northern Alberta Development Council Area, primarily in the
Peace River Block, which are not required for provincial
programs and conservation. The only other exceptions are the
possible sale of cultivated land where conservation concerns
do not exist and the possible sale of fragmented and/or
fractional pieces of public land.
Recreational Access to Public Land - The leaseholder, as
"gate-keeper", will be given the right to control access for
recreational purposes. The province would:
• act as arbiter if there are disputes concerning unreasonable
denial of access, and
• provide permission/waiver of liability slips for the
leaseholder to issue. These slips would not be mandatory
but should transfer much of the leaseholder's "duty of
care" responsibilities to the recreational user.
Industrial Access and Surface Compensation - The area
to be used for new petroleum and natural gas development,
aggregate extraction or other industrial use will be removed
from the agricultural lease. The leaseholder would be
compensated directly by the industrial user for damages and
would have his operational concerns addressed. The province
would collect surface rental for the industrial development.
This rental would be based on regional comparisons of private
land compensation agreements. A portion of the new funds
flowing to the province would be used for conservation and
resource management.
Agricultural leaseholders with existing industrial
developments will have their current arrangements
"grandfathered" for 10 years to allow the agricultural
leaseholders to adjust to the new system.
Municipal Taxes - The grazing fee will include all municipal
taxes and rental rates.
Rental Rates - The rental rates will be addressed after this
new arrangement between the landowner (Province) and the
tenant has been established.
Lease Terms - The term of an agricultural lease will be
10 years and increased to 20 years as a reward for good
stewardship as determined by the leaseholder's adherence to
a "Good Stewardship Code of Practice."
Assignment - The current method of administering
assignment fees will be maintained. The province, as the
landowner, will not attempt to capture the majority of the
value of the lease on assignment to another party, as suggested
in the Interim Report. .Assignments within the "family" would
continue to be subject to a nominal flat fee.
The name - The current name, public land, will continue.
Where to now - Thurber has been asked to assist the
Ministers of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development
and Alberta Environmental Protection with the
implementation of the legislative and policy changes required
from the report.
Dandelion control project
Dandelions rank amongst the toughest weeds to control in a
direct seeding system. They adapt well to the high surface
mulch and good soil moisture conditions of a low disturbance
planting system. Experience has taught that sweep tillage, low
glyphosate rates and many of the common in-crop herbicides
will only suppress mature dandelions.
Last fall, Scott Meers and Rob Dunn initiated a Southern
Alberta Research Association (SARA) trial to look at
interactions between fall, spring pre-plant and in-crop control
measures. Trial sites were Nobleford and Langdon with both
direct seeded to cereals using a Conservapak seeder.
"The best in-crop control was Ally plus 2,4-D ester, followed
closely by Ally plus Curtail M," says Rob Dunn, crop specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Lethbridge. "This supports earlier research by Alberta
Agriculture's Agronomy Unit where Ally plus 2,4-D ester
provided the best control. Caution must be used in drier
regions with Ally because of cropping restrictions."
An interaction was noted, where there was more regrowth in
Ally treated plots when dandelions were suppressed from
either tillage or pre-plant herbicide. Strong suppression likely
interfered with in-crop herbicide uptake.
"Express Pack and Prestige suppressed mature dandelions
while Target provided minimal suppression," continues Dunn.
"Long term control in these plots relied on good pre-plant
treatments. All of the in-crop product combinations were
applied at labeled rates.
"The best pre-plant treatment combination at Langdon was fall
Roundup at 1.0 L/acre plus a spring burn-off with .5 L/acre.
Control dropped off sharply for fall treatments without the
spring burn-off. Fall herbicide treatments were effective at
Langdon but not at Nobleford because of drought."
For spring pre-plant treatments, Amitrol-T at 1.8 L/acre was
slightly better than Roundup at 1.0 L/acre at both locations.
However, both fall and spring pre-plant treatments were only
providing season long control of mature dandelions. Many
plants had begun to recover by mid-summer and were actively
growing after harvest.
It should be noted that Amitrol-T is not currently registered for
pre-plant application at low rates and may result in crop
injury. Most of the fall treatments also received a burn-off
treatment of .5 L/acre of Roundup before planting.
Cont d on page 3
"Plots that received a single cultivation were amongst the
poorest for long term control." adds Scott Meers. cereals and
oilseeds crop specialist, with Alberta Agriculture "Perennial
dandelions cut off by tillage tended to bounce back later in the
spring from deeper roots. They emerged after the in-crop
spray which reduced overall control. We also noticed this effect
on dandelions along the seed rows in no-till treatments. For
example, plants uprooted during planting were the only
remaining plants in some of the Ally treated plots after
harvest."
The study continues with sites established this fall near
Blackie, Claresholm and Lethbridge. Thanks to past year
support from cooperators Doug Wright at Nobleford and
Richard Wagner at Langdon. along with financial and product
support from the Alberta Environmentally Sustainable
Agriculture Program, Monsanto, Dupont and Dow
Agrosciences.
Contact: Rob Dunn Scott Meers
(403) 381-535/ (403) 934-3355
Warm conditions continued into
October
Alberta temperatures have been above normal four months in
a row, and eight out of ten months for 1998. October
temperatures were above normal in most areas of Alberta.
Only the weather recording stations at Rocky Mountain House.
Milk River, Coronation and Grande Prairie reported below
normal temperatures.
October temperatures ranged from 1.3 degrees below normal
to 2.3 degrees C above normal. The overall provincial average
temperature was 0.7 degrees above normal and the provincial
average precipitation was slightly above normal for October in
Alberta. These averages are based on preliminary, unverified
data recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate stations
across Alberta.
"The first day of October was sunny and warm with day time
temperatures reaching about 20 degree C," says Peter
Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "The next few days, cooler
temperatures and rain showers were reported, however, warm
weather continued until October 7. During the second week of
October cool, wet weather returned. About five to 20
millimeters of precipitation were reported, providing some soil
moisture recharge prior to the ground freezing. Conditions
were warm and dry the last two weeks of October. The month
ended with cooler, more seasonable weather."
The provincial average October precipitation of 24.4 mm was
4.2 mm above the 1961 to 1990 average of 20.2 mm,
"The southern region reported below normal precipitation in
October," adds Dzikowski. "The north east region and Peace
November 23, 1998 - page 3
Region reported near normal precipitation while the central
region and north west region reported above normal
precipitation. Amounts of 1.6 to 83.8 mm, or 12 to
498 per cent of normal were reported."
Lacombe reported 83 8 mm, the greatest precipitation
departure at 498 per cent of normal. On the dry side, Milk
River reported 1.6 mm of precipitation in October, only
12 per cent of it's long term average.
"A w idespread snowfall covered most of Alberta in the second
week of October," says Al Howard, soil moisture specialist with
Alberta Agriculture. "It helped recharge soil moisture reserves
across the province. Most of the benefit was to areas in west
central Alberta where precipitation was heaviest. The very dry
soils in the Peace region also improved slightly as a result of
the snow.
"The snow was not enough to add to subsoil reserves in
southern Alberta, where soils remain very dry throughout
most of the region. .Soil moisture levels remain moderate to
dry through most of the eastern half of the province, with
moderate to high moisture levels in the west central region."
For more information, contact Peter Dzikowski in Edmonton
at (403) 427-3594 or Al Howard in Lethbridge at
(403) 381-5861.
Contact: Peter Dzikowski Al Howard
(403) 427-3594 (403) 381-5861
Agri-Ville is open for business
Agri-Ville. an interactive, agricultural website, offers the
farming community a variety of ways to learn.
"Agri-Ville is a great way to meet producers from throughout
the prairie provinces and learn what works for them," savs
Nan Bartlett, program representative with the Canada/Alberta
Farm Business Management Program (FBMP).
There are a number of ways to participate in the Agri-Ville
community Meeting rooms provide a place to post comments
or answer someone else's questions about a number of
specific topics
"Membership is free and the rewards are unlimited." says
Bartlett. "Each individual adds to the discussion at his own
convenience. When a question is posted, anyone wishing to
add comments or offer suggestions can post their responses
immediately or whenever their schedule permits."
Meeting rooms are based on subject matter. The current list
includes: cereals and oilseeds; beef production; commodity
marketing; developing new markets; intensive livestock;
technology; and. farm management.
"The website also allows producers to chat' in real time."
adds Bartlett. "Community Chat Nights and Guest Speaker
Nights offer the opportunity to discuss current issues with
Conl d on page 4
November 23, 1998 - page 4
subject matter experts and other producers. Community Chat
Nights are unstructured and take place every Tuesday and
Wednesday evening at 8:30 p.m. Guest Speaker Nights feature a
resource person who presents information on a pre-scheduled
topic, followed by an informal discussion. Upcoming Guest
Speaker Nights will discuss: deer farming opportunities; year-
end tax planning; and, marketing barley. Dates and times are
listed on the site, along with easy to follow directions for
participating in a 'chat'."
Less interactive, but equally informative are a library that
features links to other sites, lists of resources, news articles
posted by numerous subject matter experts and weather and
market outlooks.
Agri-Ville can be located on the Internet at www.agri-ville.com
For more information, contact Bartlett (403) 835-4288 or
e-mail: bartlett@peacenet.com
Contact: Nan Bartlett
(403) 835-4288
Berry Production: Alternative
Farm Revenue Generation
Interested in turning that spare 20 acre patch of ground into
cash in the bank? Is the thought of physically working the soil
and plants appealing? Does meeting new people spark interest?
Ever thought of producing berries?
"More and more farmers and acreage holders are turning that
extra piece of ground into a profitable alternative agricultural
crop," says Lloyd Hausher, fruit crops specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Pick-your-own
berry operations, once a minor entity in the Alberta
horticultural industry, now number in the hundreds across the
province."
Consumer demand for pick-your-own and Alberta-grown
prairie fruit has fueled the expansion . Consumers are
becoming more health conscious, demanding fresh, quality
fruit at a fair price. Knowing where your fruit comes from, how
it is grown and the farmer who grows it, is becoming
increasingly important.
"With the development of new varieties of strawberries and
raspberries, consumers can now obtain fresh-picked fruit of
these crops from early July until freeze-up, mid-September to
October," says Hausher. "The personal service provided at the
farm gate is also something the customer is looking for which
may be lacking at the large grocery outlet."
As demand for fresh, quality product continues to increase so
does the opportunity for Alberta's established berry producers
or prospective new berry producers.
"Strawberries, raspberries and saskatoons are the three most
sought after direct-market berry crops," adds Hausher. "Some
growers are branching out to other crops such as
chokecherries, pincherries, black and red currant and sour
cherries as demand at their specific location warrants."
Most of Alberta's direct-market berry industry is u-pick or
pick-your-own based. This reduces the harvest labor input of
the operation, which can be used for field supervision and
sales. Although at present it is minor, there is an increasing
quantity of fruit being sold pre-picked at the farm gate and
farmers' market.
Regardless of how is it marketed to this point (other than a few
specific locations) growers continue to have more demand
than product. Most producers end up with a mailing/phone list
at the end of the year of people still wanting berries.
"Proximity to a large urban center (customers) is most
important if looking at starting a direct-market berry farm,"
explains Hausher. "Water for irrigation, shelter, soil type and
topography are also considerations.
"Very little capital input is needed as machinery required is
minimal. Most producers have obtained a good to very good
rate of return from these farm operations based on their
managerial ability and weather cooperation."
Persons interested in this rapidly expanding industry may want
to attend the upcoming berry school being held at the Red
Deer Lodge in Red Deer on January 27 and 28, 1999- The
13th Annual Commercial Berry Production School will cover
general requirements of establishing a berry farm as well as
the specifics of producing strawberries, raspberries and
saskatoons for direct market sales.
Contact: Lloyd Hausher
(403) 362-1309
Manure Management
workshops
Getting a handle on manure management and making the
most of nutrients in manure may be just a workshop away.
The Farm Business Management Program (FBMP) is teaming
up with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's
conservation and development branch, the Alberta Cattle
Commission and LandWise Inc. to offer one- and two-day
workshops on nutrient resource management, especially
manure management.
"The workshop is titled Understanding Farm/Ranch Resources
for Manure Management," says Tamara Lewis, conservation
economics agrologist with Alberta Agriculture. "With the new
code of practice for Responsible Livestock Development and
Manure Management coming out as well as the discussion
paper on Regulatory Options for Livestock Operations, there is
a need for producers to take a proactive approach to this area
of management."
Cont 'd on page 5
November 23, 1998 - page 5
"There is a lot happening in the area of manure management
in the province this year," savs Craig Smith. FBMP
representative. "We feel these workshops offer producers a
results-based opportunity to make things happen on their
individual operation."
The two-day workshop offers a practical, hands-on experience
for the participants. They will work with aerial photographs of
their own property, to develop a resource management plan
implementing best management practices that reflect current
proposals from the code of practice and regulatory options.
"Strong action is important to maintain a positive image with
neighbors and community," adds Smith.
Locations for the workshops are:
Warburg Nov. 30 - Dec. 1
Wetaskiwin Dec. 2 - 3
Hanna Dec. 7 - 8
High River Dec. 8 - 9
Airdrie Dec. 14-15
Drayton Valley Dec. 16-17
Brooks Duchess Jan. 6 - 7
Barrhead Jan. 11-12
Stony Plain Jan. 13-14
Lethbridge Jan. 18-19
Innisfail Jan. 20-21
Lacombe Jan. 26 - 27
Camrose Feb. 1 - 2
Vermilion/Elk Point Feb. 8 - 9
Ft. Macleod Feb. 10-11
Castor Feb. 16-17
Stettler Feb. 18-19
Three Hills Feb. 22 - 23
Oven Feb. 24
Hines Creek Mar. 1 - 2
Grande Prairie Mar. 3 - 4
It is important for ranchers and farmers to register a least
three weeks ahead of time in order to get the aerial
photographs of their operation in place. The cost of the two-
day workshop is $125. which includes the aerial photographs
and lunch both days.
For more information on the workshops, contact
Tamara Lewis (403) 427-3819, the AJberta Cattle Commission
(403) 275-4400, or Craig Smith (403) 626-3448.
Contact: Tamara Lewis Craig Smith
(403) 427-3819 (403) 626-3448
What can yearling radiographs
tell us?
The field of equine research, diagnosis and arthroscopic
surgery has advanced dramatically. The newest research
involving radiographs of young horses and how skeletal
development affects longevity and performance as adults,
particularly as it applies to racehorses, is one of the featured
presentations at the 1999 Horse Breeders and Owners
Conference.
Alberta has a growing population of sport horses that are
involved in a variety of disciplines; dressage, endurance racing,
hunter jumper, roping, barrel racing and thoroughbred racing,
to name but a few," says Les Burwash, head of equine
program with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "At this year's conference, we are pleased to
feature Dr. Wayne Mcllwraith, Professor of Surgery and
Director of Equine Sciences at Colorado State University He
has pursued basic research in equine joint disease and joint
pathobiology during his years as equine surgeon at CSU which
began in 1979 "
Mcllwraith has written four textbooks in equine surgery and
equine arthroscopic surgery and some 175 refereed
publications and textbook chapters. He was made a Fellow of
the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons in 1992 for
meritorious contributions to learning in equine joint disease
and joint surgery. He has also received numerous awards and
honors for his continued work in his chosen field.
"We are very fortunate to have Dr. Mcllwraith as one of our
14 internationally recognized speakers at the 1999
conference," adds Burwash. "Each year we try to put together
a panel of speakers that cover many aspects of the horse
industry, from general interest to very specific topics such as
equine joint disease. This year is no exception, we have an
excellent panel of speakers and look forward to the 1999
conference with great enthusiasm."
The Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference is
the premier horse conference in North America and one that
Alberta's horse enthusiasts always look forward to. The 1999
conference is being held on January 8. 9 and 10. 1999 at the
Capri Centre in Red Deer.
The conference is arranged so that attendees can follow four
streams of interest - Arabian, Quarter Horse. Thoroughbred
and all breeds. While many follow the program designed for a
particular breed preference, conference participants can
attend any of the sessions and will receive the printed
materials from all sessions.
Conference registration is $75 per person. For more
information about the 1999 conference, contact Burwash in
Airdrie at (403)948-8538. Government numbers are toll-free
by dialing 310-0000 to connect to a RITE line.
Contact: Les Burwash (403) 948-8538
November 23, 1998 - page 6
People, Pasture$ & Profit$
Alberta Forage Council, in conjunction with Alberta Agriculture
Food and Rural Development, is sponsoring the second
Western Canadian Grazing Conference, to be held at the
Mayfield Inn in Edmonton, December 2 & 3, 1998.
This two-day conference is designed for both new and
experienced producers who want to improve their pasture
production knowledge and techniques. The aim of the
conference is to help farmers get more pounds and profit from
their pastures!
"The conference theme, People, Pastures and Profits was
chosen to reflect the potential of tame pasture grazing, as well
as a reminder that improved pasture management skills will
net producers more greenbacks from their green pastures,"
says Greg Griffin, conference chairman. "Topics for this
conference were chosen based on feedback from the very-
successful 1996 Western Canadian Grazing Conference."
Conference speakers include experienced grass farmers,
researchers and forage specialists from the western provinces,
as well as the United States. Burt Smith will use observations
from his recent tour of Canada and the U.S. in a look at the
importance of pasture and its place in the successes of
farmers world-wide. Smith hails from Hawaii, and is well-
known in the international grazing community. Gregg Simonds
will share some tips to restoring the resources and profitability
in the beef industry, while working in harmony with nature.
Simonds' background as manager of the Deseret Ranch in
Utah provides him with a diverse source of real-life knowledge.
A three-person panel will discuss the how-to and why of
successful grazing practices, including species selection,
fertility, management, stocking rates and economics.
Producers Ray Fausak (Evansburg, AB) and Don Campbell
(Meadow Lake, SK) will join Scott Wright (Forages Unit,
Lacombe, AB) on the panel.
Other conference topics include:
• farming in Kazakhstan (Ray Gesshe, Olds College).
• Canadian forage industry (Duane McCartney. Ag Canada,
Lacombe)
• selecting and managing forage species for grazing (Harvey
Yoder, Alberta Agriculture, Lac LaBiche and Mona Kirkland,
Scott, SK).
• developing a grazing system (Jim Bauer, Acme).
• maximizing profits with forages for cow/calf producers
(Ron Noble, Marwayne and Wyett Swanson, Provost).
• rejuvenation of pasture (Ulla deBruijn, Ponoka and Bart
Lardner, University of Saskatchewan).
• supplementation of grazing cattle (Dan Undersander,
Wyoming).
• early pasture weaning (Christoph Weder, Alberta
Agriculture, Vermilion and Pat Rutledge, Monitor).
• grazing alfalfa and other legumes (Greg Griffin, Bluesky
and Bjorn Berg, Alberta Agriculture, Lethbridge).
• improving aspen pastures (Henry Rosing, Lake Francis, MB
and Gerry Ehlert, Alberta Agriculture, St. Paul).
"Select-a-Sessions allow participants to choose the sessions of
most interest to them," adds Lorene Cunningham with Alberta
Forage Council. "There is also an evening 'bearpit' session
planned for informal discussion with the speakers. Perhaps
most importantly there will be ample time for attendees to
exchange information and experiences with other conference
participants."
A trade show of pasture-related exhibits and poster
presentations from western Canada's forage and research
associations provide further examples of grazing-related trials
and demonstrations.
Complete registration fees for the two-day event are $100. For
more information, or to register for the conference, contact
Cunningham at the Alberta Forage Council office;
phone (403) 443-7544, fax (403) 443-7530 or
e-mail abforage@telusplanet.net
Contact: Lorene Cunningham
(403) 443-7544
November 23, 1998 -page 7
Agri-News Briefs
Farm property assessment and
taxation
A discussion paper by Alberta Municipal .Affairs addresses the
possible changes to farm property assessment and taxation.
Specific issues addressed include:
• definition of farming operations;
• assessment of woodlots;
• valuation of farmland for property assessment purposes;
• intensive versus extensive agriculture operations;
• assessment of land not used for farming operations;
• farm residential site valuation for assessment purposes
• farm residential tax exemption;
• business tax on farming operations; and
• tax rate subclasses for farm property.
Each issue includes background information, options for
consideration and associated impacts of each option. The
paper also includes a section for comments on each specific
issue. The deadline for comments on the paper has been
extended to December 9, 1998. Copies are available at local
municipal offices, MLA constituency offices or by calling
310-0000 and dialing 422-1377 or on the Internet at
http://www.gov.ab.ca/ma
For further information, contact Dean Dyck, farm
management specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, (403) 340-7007.
Canola industry goes to the tropics
The Canola Council's 32nd Annual convention is in Puerto
Vallarta, Mexico from March 14 to 17, 1999- The theme of the
'99 convention is Trade and Utilization and plenary sessions
feature speakers from across North America. Mexico has
shown itself to be a rapidly growing export market and to
stimulate trade and provide for better information exchange,
the Canola Council isn't waiting for Mexico to come to them,
their taking the convention to Mexico. During the 4-day event,
participants will have opportunities to interact with the
Mexican industry and hear how better trade and oil and meal
use can be fostered. As well as conference activities, tours,
recreational events and a golf tournament are being planned.
For further information about the convention, contact Dave
Wilkins at (204) 982-2108 or e-mail:
wilkinsdfa canola-council.org or visit the Council's website:
www.canola-coucil.org/ about 99convention/info.htm
Farm machinery economics
Farm machinery decisions are part of every operation.
Questions on whether to repair or replace; buy new or used;
lease, buy or custom hire, are becoming more complex.
Farmers wishing to learn the tools and skills of using sound
economics and computer programs to analyze the various
alternatives for equipment ownership and use will oe
interested in a Farm Machinery Economics course being held
in Lethbridge on January 26 and 27, 1999 and againon
February 8 and 9, 1999- Alternatives and choices will be
discussed at length and consideration will be given to
determining the appropriate farm equipment sizing based on
an operation. For example, calculating the minimum annual
acreage or hours of use to justify the investment. Cost of this
two-day course is $165. To register, call Lethbridge Community
College at (403) 320-3323 For further information, contact
Brad Smith (403) 223-7907 or Gordon Williams
(403) 330-3031.
New scholarship announced at
Special Crops Conference
At the opening of the Special Crops Conference.
Opportunities and Profits II Into the 21s' Century,
CV Technologies, a local natural health products company and
a conference partner, announced a scholarship for an
undergraduate student at the University of Alberta. The
scholarship was established in recognition of the interest of
Alberta Agriculture in special crops, and in recognition of the
importance of the contributions of the Special Crops Product
Team. It is called the AAFRD - Special Crops Product
Tearn/CV Technologies Special Crops Scholarship The
initial value of the scholarship is one thousand dollars
(S 1.000) annually. CV Technologies success is related and
connected to scientific research and scientific excellence. They
have established this scholarship in recognition of their work
with the University of Alberta and Alberta Agriculture. Food and
Rural Development - Special Crops Product Team. During the
scholarship announcement, CV Technologies stated that they
are honored to have these associations. For more information,
contact Nabi Chaudhary at (403) 422-4054 or Wayne Goruk at
(403) 427-3122.
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
Agri -News
November 30, 1998
Bee book for western Canada
Beekeeping and honey production are buzzing businesses in
Alberta. They have grown every year as more AJbertans set up
hives or add colonies to their operations. In fact, the great
weather Alberta experienced in 1998 helped beekeepers enjoy
record honey production across the province.
Alberta's honey crop increased by about 50 per cent in
1998," says Kenn Tuckey, provincial apiculturist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "To assist this
growing industry in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan
and Manitoba, a new book. Beekeeping in Western
Canada, was produced. This reference book contains a
wealth of information that both prairie beekeepers and people
considering beekeeping will find valuable. It is the only book
that focuses on helping beekeepers manage honey bees under
prairie conditions."
Beekeeping in Western Canada is a 172 page, full-color
comprehensive guide that will help beekeepers get started in
beekeeping or help them manage their existing colonies better.
"The beekeeping book contains expert input from the
provincial apiculturists in Canada's four western provinces and
gives the best possible information on keeping bees on the
prairies," says Tuckey. "Learning about the spring
management of bees, winter feeding, honey extraction, honey
bee health and marketing your beeswax, pollen and honey
crops by reading is much more economical than learning by
trial and error.
"Alberta is the largest honey-producing province in Canada,
providing about 40 per cent of the nation's honey, so we can
certainly bring in a honey of a crop.' For anyone wanting to
know how to be part of such a growing industry, this new book
will be a real benefit."
Beekeeping in Western Canada, Agdex # 616-4, costs $25 00
plus GST. It is available at all Alberta Agriculture district offices,
by contacting the Alberta Agriculture Publications Office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6 or by calling toll
free in Alberta 1-800-292-5697 or (403) 427-0391 in the
Edmonton area. When ordering by phone or mail, please add
$2 (plus GST) shipping and handling fee.
Contact: Kenn Tuckey
(403) 415-2314
This Week
Bee book for western Canada 1
Thurber Report positive for agriculture 2
Increased emphasis on greenhouse
crops research 2
Native plant production 3
Safety nets help Alberta 's farmers 4
Alberta 4-H'er wins National Public Speaking Title 4
Report shows spills impact cattle 5
Briefs 6
PiSXX'JVCWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 ^ibCffQ
' . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
November 30, 1998 - page 2
Thurber Report positive for
agriculture
The recently released Agricultural Lease Review report, also
known as the Thurber Report, will have impacts on
agricultural operations. The effects of the proposed changes
set out several environmentally and agriculturally positive
regulations that the industry will benefit from.
"The report reinforces long-term use of existing grazing lands
in the settled area of the province, the 'White Area'," says
Tom Thurber, MLA Drayton Valley/Calmar, and chairman of
the Agricultural Lease Review Committee. "Grazing is a
necessary part of any grassland ecosystem and the report
supports the use of public lands for long-term grazing. It also
tackles surface compensation and public access to public
lands. These two recurring issues are specifically addressed."
A code of practice for grazing activities outlining the acceptable
manner of grazing makes it possible for good land stewardship
to be rewarded with longer tenure. It sets up guidelines and
measures for use that are clear and which must be adhered to.
"The report states that the current method of setting and
paying assignment fees will continue," says Thurber. "The one
exception recommended in the report is that when shares of a
corporation holding grazing leases are traded, an assignment
fee is paid. This means shares traded in a corporation that
holds a grazing lease will face the same assignment fee as
individuals."
Approximately 25 per cent of Alberta's beef cow herds depend
to some extent on public land for summer grazing and use
private land mostly for winter feed. This means that
75 per cent of beef operators operate totally on private land for
summer and winter feed needs. Removing oil and gas
compensation revenue, except for compensation from
damages, makes the public land lease arrangements similar to
those typical of renting private land. This change will help
eliminate the perception, that public land leases provide unfair
'cheap' grazing for some producers.
"The report comes out very strongly in support of family farms
and ranches," adds Thurber. "Family assignments, either
individual or corporate, will be charged a nominal flat fee that
is less than fees paid outside families for transferring the
lease. This way a family operation doesn't incur undue
expense when working through succession from one
generation to another, helping to preserve the integrity of the
family farm."
Provision has been made to put in place mechanisms to
monitor and control recreational access. The liability between
the lease holder and the recreational public are more clearly
defined, also. Having clearer guidelines regarding the roles
and responsibilities of all parties and having in place a means
of communicating between parties will help Albertans deal
fairly and justly with this issue.
"Partial funding will be available for things such as resource
enhancement, resolving multiple use conflicts, research and
education that will further protect and enhance this natural
resource," says Thurber.
Anyone interested in receiving a report can order one by
telephone (403) 427-3595 (toll-free in Alberta by first dialing
310-0000) or download the report from Alberta Agriculture's
website at: http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/ruraldev/publands/
aglease/index.html
Contact: Tom Thurber, MLA Roger Marvin
(403) 415-0980 (403) 427-3595
Increased emphasis on
greenhouse crops research
Alberta's greenhouse industry is a dynamic and vibrant
component of Alberta's horticultural and agricultural sector.
The industry is estimated at approximately 180 acres, with a
value of $63 million annually to the Alberta economy.
Bedding plants, vegetables, cut and potted flowers, and tree
seedlings make up the majority of the crops grown under the
most intensive crop production systems known. Alberta's
greenhouse industry has been expanding at a rate of seven to
10 per cent each year as the industry meets the challenge
posed by greenhouse expansions in Ontario, British Columbia
and the U.S.
"The Greenhouse Crops Program at the CDCS works to
promote the sustained expansion of the Alberta greenhouse
industry by improving crop production techniques and the
development of alternative crops through a comprehensive
research and extension program," says Jim Calpas,
greenhouse research and extension specialist at Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Crop
Diversification Centre South (CDCS), Brooks. "The program in
Brooks works in cooperation with its sister program at the
Crop Diversification Centre North in Edmonton. Greenhouse
extension has historically been the main focus of the
Greenhouse Crops Program, but as the industry has
developed, the research commitment of the program has
increased."
Alberta has a distinct growing environment and crop
production techniques developed in other growing areas does
not always translate to Alberta greenhouse growing conditions.
Alberta greenhouse growers require information generated in
Alberta that is relevant to Alberta greenhouse growing
conditions. "The program at Brooks operates out of
approximately 20,000 square feet of research greenhouses,"
continues Calpas. "There is one full-time research and
extension specialist and one full-time technologist position
with an additional 10 month technologist position. Research
Cont d on page 3
now accounts for approximately 60 per cent of the program's
activities and 40 per cent is dedicated to extension."
The research program has both applied and basic
components. Current applied research projects include; the
investigation of using carbon dioxide enrichment for cost
effective yield increases in greenhouse vegetable crops, Scotch
bonnet peppers and Chinese vegetables as crop diversification
opportunities for Alberta greenhouse vegetable growers and
greenhouse statice as a crop diversification opportunity for cut
flower growers.
"The major focus of the basic research component is the
development of biological controls for the control of
greenhouse crop disease problems," adds Calpas. "Currently
research is directed at developing a biological control for Gray
Mold caused by Botrytis cinerea, a common greenhouse
disease which affects both ornamental and vegetable crops."
The Greenhouse Crops Program receives considerable support
from Alberta greenhouse grower organizations such as the
Red Hat Coop and the Alberta Greenhouse Growers
Association. Support also comes in from the greenhouse
supply industry. Alberta's greenhouse industry is increasing its
commitment to research through partnering with the
Greenhouse Crops Research and Extension program at CDCS.
Contact: Jim Calpas
(403) 362-1312
Native plant production
At the Native Plant Summit IV, held November 2 to 4, 1998 in
Calgary, 230 growers, seed suppliers, researchers, consultants,
native plant users, government and agency staff, students, and
members of the general public gathered to hear experienced
practitioners share their knowledge and expertise in growing
and using native plants.
"In previous years, these Summits have been held in North
Dakota and Saskatchewan, and there's a different theme each
year," says Heather Gerling, with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "While some of the 230 attendees were
from the U.S. and other provinces, 160 were from Alberta. It is
great to see such interest in native plant production,
attendance was up considerably from 150 in 1997."
The use of native plant materials has increased dramatically
throughout North America in the last ten years. This increased
demand has fostered the development of businesses growing
native plant materials. The number of native plant growers in
the western U.S., for example, has increased from five to 150
since the late 1980 s.
"In Alberta, native plant materials have been used in
reforestation and in other revegetation efforts since the
1970's," says Gerling. "However, the use of native plants for
reclamation and urban naturalization in .Alberta really started
November 30, 1998 - page 3
expanding in the last five years. As a result, supplies are
extremely short and diversity of material is very limited. This
was a major impetus for bringing this conference to Alberta."
Resource pooling and combining energies to develop
innovative approaches to ensure the continued existence of
native plant resources is needed. The Northern Great Plains
Native Plant Committee (NGPNPC), a regional working group
of the Federal Native Plant Conservation Committee, was
formed in 1994. It includes members from North Dakota,
South Dakota, northern Nebraska, eastern Montana, Wyoming
and southern Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. The intent
is to bring together individuals, agencies and groups interested
in management technology and local sources for native plant
species.
The Summit featured 38 speakers addressing issues such as:
industry challenges, how to get a local native plant industry up
and running, the effects of government policy and guidelines
on the industry, supply of and demand for native plant
materials, how far materials should be moved, the ethics of
wild seed harvesting and reflecting genetic variation in native
plantings.
"Production of native grasses and production of native forbs
(wildflowers) and woody plants, information on obtaining
native species, germination and establishment, maintenance,
harvesting, and processing of native plant material were of
special interest to attendees," adds Gerling. The plenary
sessions were videotaped and will be available soon in the
Alberta Agriculture Multi-Media library. Audiotapes of all
sessions will also be available through the Multi-Media library.
Proceedings will be available in January.
An important outcome of the Summit was the formation of a
committee to develop a table in the Canada Seed Act for
grading seed of native species. A number of suggestions for
changes to the current system were voiced, including the
acceptance of tetrazolium chloride (TZ) tests for viability, seed
grade tables that include individual seed counts for invasive
species (now bulked together as other crop), GPS locations for
source-identified seed from production fields, GPS locations
for source-identified seed from production fields, confidential
GPS locations for source-identified seed from wild harvest
sites, and the use of accredited botanists as crop inspectors.
The new Draft Native Plant Revegetation Guidelines for .Alberta
was given to conference delegates. These guidelines are
currently out for public review. The document can be viewed
on the Public Lands website,
http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/ruraldev/publands/nprg/, or
copies obtained by calling the Public Land Management
Branch at (403) 427-3595.
Next year's Summit will be held in the United States, likely in
North Dakota. The theme will be "Biodiversity". For copies of
abstracts from Native Plant Summit IV and other conference
information contact Gerling at 427-4658
Contact: Heather Gerling (403) 427-4658
November 30, 1998 - page 4
Safety nets help Alberta's
farmers
Farmers who had it toughest in 1998 will be the first to get
help under a six-point plan announced by Ed Stelmach, the
Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"For many farmers, 1998 has been a very difficult year," says
Stelmach. "The largest losses generally occurred in two areas:
crop losses due to drought, and a substantial drop in hog
income because of low prices. Our priority over the next few
months will be to help those who need our safety net
programs the most."
The areas most severely affected by drought conditions in
1998 include the eastern part of Alberta from Bonnyville in the
north to Medicine Hat in the south, and several areas of the
Peace. Losses in hog income occurred around the province.
The six-point plan includes:
1. priority processing for applications from hog producers and
drought-stricken areas filed under the Farm Income
Disaster Program (FIDP);
2. faster processing and settlement of crop insurance claims;
3. a more flexible Developing Farmer Loan to restore working
capital and provide financial restructuring;
4. continued low interest rates on the Disaster Assistance/
Crop Loss loans, and payments that can be deferred for the
first two years of the loan for farmers experiencing severe
financial difficulties due to multiple years of crop losses;
5. continued availability of operating capital under the Alberta
Farm Development Loan (AFDL) program offered through
commercial lenders; and,
6. financial counselling services for all producers requiring
assistance.
These programs exist to address drastic declines in farm
incomes. No new programs are being announced, but
producers have many effective options from which to choose.
The FIDP is a whole-farm safety net program available to all
producers, whether or not they have purchased crop
insurance. Crop insurance will cover losses specific to drought
and Agriculture Financial Services Corporation's (AFSC)
lending and disaster assistance loan programs can provide
much-needed working capital and financial assistance.
AFSC is relocating insurance adjusters to the most severely
affected areas, and claims staff are working overtime in several
areas to ensure claims processing and delivery of cheques is
faster than last year.
Settling claims faster is a province-wide priority for Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "We plan to have
the majority of insurance claims processed by Christmas -
well ahead of 1997," says Stelmach. "Over the last few years,
several changes have been made to Alberta's safety net
programs to respond more quickly to specific disasters. These
changes, combined with ensuring delivery times are improved,
means producers will get the help they need faster."
Farmers requiring more information on these programs are
encouraged to contact their local AFSC office.
Contact: Ron Glen Andrew Church
(403) 427-2137 (403) 679-/301
Alberta 4-H'er wins National
Public Speaking Title
Sixteen year old Amy Fox, from the Armena 4-H Beef club took
top honours at the Canadian Young Speakers for Agriculture
competition held at Toronto's Royal Winter Fair. Amy's speech
titled Call of the Land dealt with the topic of inter-generational
transfers of the family farm.
Amy was the youngest of 31 competitors from across Canada.
Each competitor was required to give a five to seven minute
prepared speech on a current issue in the agriculture industry.
They also had to introduce and thank another contestant.
"The competition was at a very high level", says Kathy
Hougham, provincial 4-H communication development
specialist. "Fox had very stiff competition as most of the other
contestants were in university."
Also competing from Alberta was Amanda Dixon, a member of
the Spruce Grove 4-H Beef club.
Early this year Fox won the provincial 4-H public speaking
competition in Calgary. Fox attends school in Hay Lakes and is
a provincial 4-H ambassador.
Agritalk, Canada's first daily interactive agriculture show,
sponsored Fox's airfare to Toronto. Other sponsors of Fox's
trip were: Friends of Lacombe Outsiders 4-H Multi Club, West
Central Region Fun Fair, Lacombe Agencies, Lacombe Tire,
Bentley Agencies, and Judy Gordon. Amy's first place prize was
sponsored by the Farm Credit Corporation.
For more information on joining 4-H call (403) 422-4H4H.
Contact: Kathy Hougham
(403) 422-4H4H
Report shows spills impact
cattle
A new report released on November 19. 1998, details the field
investigation of two cattle ranches located within four
kilometres of a January 1994 sour gas pipeline leak. The 1994
Livestock Field Investigations of two Ranches
Associated with a Pipeline Break report contains
information on the health status and disease conditions
observed in the two cattle herds, provides exposure analyses
and examines plausible causes and biological explanations of
the adverse effects observed.
"This report is another step toward increasing our
understanding of the impact that accidental releases of sour
gas and condensate can have on the health of cattle," says
Dr. Ralph Christian, executive director of the Alberta
Agriculture Research Initiative, Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development.
"The report is based on current veterinary medical knowledge
of the causes of diseases in cattle, and as far as possible,
provides veterinary medical explanations of the adverse effects
observed," says Dr. Robert Coppock, DVM, manager of the
-Alberta Research Council's toxicology program, Vegreville.
"Both ranches experienced an unexpected high mortality in
neonatal calves following the spill and clean-up effort, that no
consistent pattern of disease could explain."
The study demonstrates that spills can have an impact on
cattle. Some of the documented effects, eye and respiratory
irritation and nervous system effects, are consistent with
exposure to irritating gases and/or petroleum hydro carbons.
Although not as easily defined, behavioral effects, such as
aggression and estrous-like (in-heat) behaviour in a large
number of pregnant cows, poor mothering in post-partum
cows, failure to thrive in the calves and evidence of immune
deficiency were also noted.
"Alberta is in a unique situation due to the high overlap
between cattle and the oil and gas production areas," adds
Christian. "Knowing what to do and what to expect in an
unexpected, uncontrolled sour gas release situation is
essential. It is hoped that this report will give some insight into
the situation that occurred in 1994 and help producers plan
ahead and be able to react quickly should another event
occur."
November 30, 1998 - page 5
The report deals only with the one sour gas spill incident, a
leak estimated to have started on January 6, 1994. The
estimated volume of petroleum released into the environment
was 40 thousand cubic metres of sour gas and 50 nV of sour
condensate. (Note: an error in the Executive Summary of the
first print run of the report, states the estimated volume of
sour gas released as 40 million cubic metres; this should read
40 thousand cubic metres.)
The report does not attempt to deal with the effects of air
exposures in cattle in the field. More scientific data on dose-
response relationships are needed before safe levels of
exposure can be determined.
The report is available through the Publications Office,
7000 - 1 13 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, or by calling toll
free in Alberta 1-800-292-5697 or (403)427-0391 in the
Edmonton area. Copies of the report are available for $ 1 5 plus
GST. For mail orders, please add $2 (plus GST) shipping and
handling fee.
Contact: Dr. Ralph Christian Dr. Bob Coppock
(403) 422-1072 (403) 632-8304
November 30, 1998 -page 6
Agri-News Briefs
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
3 3286 51595 5249
Finding agreement on difficult
issues
Community decisions often require public involvement and
input. With this comes an increase in the range and diversity
of the 'points of view' to be considered. Unresolved conflict
can be costly not just in terms of time and money but in the
cost to relationships among people within a community or
organization. A workshop, hosted by Alberta Agriculture, Food
and Rural Development, is designed for those involved in
public decision making. It will show participants how to
constructively involve the public in important community
decisions. Using case studies, participants will first discuss the
process of public involvement, barriers, pitfalls and keys for
success (one day workshop). There will be opportunities to
practice these skills and apply the process to real life
situations during the second part of the workshop. Dates and
locations for the workshops are:
Workshop one - An Introduction to Conflict Management:
Ponoka December 7, 1998
Sunnybrook Hall January 19, 1999
Claresholm TBA
Workshop two - Finding Common Ground in Decision
Making:
Grande Prairie February 11 - 12, 1999
Red Deer TBA
Randy Leal of Conflict Management Systems, Edmonton, will
deliver the workshops. For more information, contact: Tamara
Lewis, Alberta Agriculture, Edmonton, (403) 427-3819 or
Louise Starling, Alberta Agriculture, Red Deer, (403) 340-5306.
If calling after January 25, 1999, remember some Alberta
phone numbers change area code from 403 to 780.
Pulse production in central Alberta
Alberta Pulse Growers Commission (APGC) is holding a
meeting for pulse growers on December 10, 1998, at
10:00 a.m. in the Black Knight Inn, Red Deer. As well as the
annual meeting for Zone 2, APGC, the day-long session
includes presentations on agronomy and weed control; the
feed pea mission to China; use of feed pea in hog rations; zone
pulse research in central Alberta; protein content of pea in
central Alberta; and, pea markets and outlook. Registration for
the meeting is $10, and may be paid at the door. For more
information, contact Neil Miller, pulse and special crop
specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Lacombe (403) 782-3301.
Pricing workshops planned
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's agri-food
development branch is sponsoring a number of one-day
pricing workshops across the province this winter. These
regional workshops are aimed at food processors interested in
marketing their products through a broker or distributor into
the retail market. Products in a variety of food categories,
including grocery, produce and meats, are targeted. The
workshops are ideal for entrepreneurs planning to enter the
retail market in the next 6 to 24 months, or who have their
first retail contract. Dates and locations are:
• December 9 Morinville Janice McGregor (939-4351)
• January 12 Grande Prairie Karen Goad (538-5285)
Red Deer Joyce Lencucha (340-5358)
Camrose Marian Williams (679-1210)
Medicine Hat Karen Hoover (38 1 -5 1 30)
January 19
January 26
February 2
February 3
Jan Warren (485-2236)
Vulcan
Please register at least one full week in advance to ensure a
place in the workshop. Government numbers are toll free by
dialing 310-0000 first and then dialing the number.
Farmland values
Farm Credit Corporation (FCC) estimates that Canadian
farmland values rose 2.2 per cent from January 1998 to
July 1998. The increase estimated for Alberta farmland for that
same time period is 4.9 per cent. FCC contributes the south
and central regions of Alberta for driving the land price trend.
Irrigated and special crop land increased in value considerably,
influenced by announcements of industry growth, such as the
potato processing plant in Taber. In northern Alberta, farmland
prices were reported as weak to stable for the same six-month
period. For further information on farmland value in western
Canada, contact Roy Hjelte at (306) 780-3489, Regina,
Saskatchewan.
December 7, 1998
Alberta pledges fast, flexible
loans for hog producers
Alberta hog producers can get a quick cash injection of up to
$50,000, as part of a re-designed package of bridge financing
options intended to assist producers dealing with an industry-
wide credit crisis.
"The hog industry in Alberta is facing unprecedented low
prices caused by uncontrollable global factors," says
Ed Stelmach, Minister of .Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development. "Everyone recognizes that the hog industry is
cyclical in nature, but no one could have predicted that prices
would fall this far, this fast."
Producers can now get a quick cash injection of up to $50,000,
as part of a redesigned package of bridge financing options.
The changes include provisions made under the Agriculture
Financial Services Corporation (AFSC) Developing Farmer
Loan Program:
• the maximum amount available under a "quick injection"
loan is being increased from the current $15,000 to
$50,000; and,
• producers will have an option to defer payments for
principle and interest during the first two years of the loan.
Preliminary estimates are that up to $15 million in funds
could be advanced under this initiative. Hog producers are
encouraged to contact their local AFSC loans office to make an
appointment to discuss their options.
Changes have also been made to the Farm Income Disaster
Program (F1DP), to allow outstanding accounts payable to be
included in the application and to recognize producers' year-
end that are different from December 31. These producers will
be able to apply under FIDP sooner than in the past.
The revamped Developing Farmer Loan program is available to
producers to restore working capital and assist with financial
restructuring. FIDP is available to producers suffering from
disastrous declines in whole-farm income. Both programs are
administered by AFSC.
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Alberta pledges fast, flexible loans for hog
producers
1
Background information on the changes to
Developing Farmer Loan and FIDP
2
A chilling development
3
Horse conference in Red Deer
3
Water erosion potential on Solonetzic soils
4
Briefs
6
Coming Agricultural Events
7
P^!^[\~JVGWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbCffCI
.... _ .. ... _ . AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews a agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
December 7, 1998 - page 2
"These changes open up a number of financial options for all
hog producers in the province," says Roger Charbonneau,
chairman of the Alberta Pork Producers Development
Corporation. "We are dealing with desperate financial times.
These new options will help hog producers stabilize their
operating credit and begin the process of rebuilding."
"It's clear that Alberta has the best combination of safety nets
in the country," adds Stelmach. "These changes provide
several options for the hog industry during difficult times.
We're continuing to offer better flexibility to producers without
aggravating existing international trade agreements, so
everybody benefits."
AFSC is a provincial Crown corporation with 49 offices across
Alberta. It provides farmers and agri-businesses with unique
financial services, including crop insurance, income
protection and financing.
Contact: Ron Glen Andrew Church
(403) 679-1301 (403) 427-2137
Background information on the
changes to Developing Farmer
Loan and FIDP
The changes to Agriculture Financial Services Corporation's
(AFSC) Developing Farmer Loan and Farm Income Disaster
Program (FIDP) are designed to respond to the needs of
producers experiencing a severe decline in farm income.
Producers should contact their local AFSC loans office to make
an appointment to discuss their options.
• Developing Farmer Loan:
The Developing Farmer Loan program provides flexibility in
addressing a wide range of financial needs due to an
agricultural setback, including restoration of working
capital and financial restructuring.
When hinds are needed to restore working capital or settle
outstanding accounts payable, the "quick injection"
provision allows access to loans of up to $50,000. The
previous maximum allowed under this provision was
$15,000.
The program has been expanded to include the deferral of
principal and interest payments during the first two years
of the loan. This provision was previously only available to
farmers suffering multiple years of crop losses. Interest will
be amortized over the remaining balance of the loan
period. Loan repayment periods are available for up to
20 years.
Developing Farmer Loans are available at competitive
commercial interest rates, and rates are fixed for the life of
the loan to encourage long-term financial stability. The
maximum amount available to producers under the
Developing Farmer Loan is $1 million.
• Farm Income Disaster Program (FIDP);
FIDP is a whole-farm safety net program, and all
agricultural commodities are eligible. If a farm's annual
net margin in 1998 (the difference between allowable farm
revenue and expenses) falls below 70 per cent of the farm's
average of the previous three years, producers could be
eligible for a FIDP payment, up to the 70 per cent margin
level.
Application forms will be available from local AFSC offices
in January, 1999- There is no premium to pay, but a
$50 application fee is required. Farmers need to include
information from their 1998 income tax return (plus the
previous three years) along with the FIDP application.
Some recent improvements to the FIDP program have
been made. The first is the inclusion of eligible outstanding
accounts payable in the application process. Previously,
producers had to pay accounts by December 31 in order
for the amount of the expense to be included in the FIDP
application. The new provision allows the inclusion of the
difference between the beginning and end of year accounts
payable, including those not yet paid, to ensure an accurate
year end farm income is reflected.
The second significant change to the FIDP program is that
the application deadline has been changed, to seven
months after the year-end date of the applicant's farm
business. Previously, the deadline for all FIDP applications
was July 31 of the year following a producer's claim year,
regardless of when that year-end fell. So, a producer with a
year-end of March 31, 1997 would previously have had a
deadline of July 31, 1998. The change means producers
with year-end dates other than December 3 1 no longer
have to wait as long to apply for FIDP
A chilling development
AJberta produce is high in quality and flavour when first
harvested. However, compared with imported produce, Alberta
fruits and vegetables do not keep as long on the market shelf.
This is because the heat contained in the produce is not
quickly removed after harvest.
Produce quality and flavour can be preserved after harvest by
cooling. The Agricultural Value-added Engineering Centre
(AVEC), together with AJberta Market Gardeners Association
(AMGA) is working toward designing and developing cooling
methods for market gardeners in the province. AVEC is a
program administered by the engineering services branch of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development.
"The need to cool produce as soon as it is harvested is an
essential part of horticultural production," says Ike Edeogu, an
engineer with AVEC. "Just like refrigeration of food stuffs in a
home, cooling fruits and vegetables after harvest helps
maintain produce quality and freshness for longer periods.
When heat is removed, natural spoiling processes are slowed
down. The rate of deterioration or spoiling is directly
proportional to the amount of heat contained in the produce."
Alberta Agriculture undertook the task of helping market
gardeners find solutions to the problems associated with the
introduction and application of cooling techniques in their
operations. While the benefits are clear, the cost of cooling
units can be prohibitive.
Work on the development of a cooling system for produce
grown in Alberta has been on-going for three years. The
outcome has favoured using ice, rather than direct
refrigeration, as the cold source for cool:. ^.
"Ice can be used to chill water which is then used to hydro-
cool produce." says Edeogu. "It can also be directly applied to
containerized produce. A third effective method is to chill air
by directing the air through a bed of ice chunks, for example
ice cubes. This method of forced-air cooling uses the ice-
chilled air to cool the produce."
The multi-functional nature of ice as a cold source is definitely
an advantage to market garden operations. It eliminates the
need to purchase cooling equipment for each technique. As
well, unlike direct refrigeration systems, the daily ice
production requirement can be lessened by spreading it out
over time. The outcome would be smaller and cheaper
equipment.
This year, a prototype forced-air cooler, designed to fit on the
back of a pick-up truck, was built by AVEC. It consists of a
40 x 48 inch plastic pallet bin, for the ice bed; a 12 x 48 inch
duct with openings to allow air through; and a 40 x 48 inch
plastic pallet to stack 20 x 24 x 9 inch plastic containers A
$300 centrifugal fan was mounted in the cooler and powered
by a $400 four-horsepower gasoline engine. The fan was linked
to the gas engine by a belt, pulleys and a shaft. The gas engine
was mounted in a compartment built into the outside wall of
December 7, 1998 - page 3
the cooler. A trap door was also built in the outside wall of the
cooler to allow participants to view and demonstrate the ice
bed compartment and to load the ice into the pallet bin.
"Preliminary trials on the performance of the prototype cooler
were conducted in August 1998," adds Edeogu "The results
were satisfactory and enabled some modifications to be made
to the unit to make it more efficient."
In addition, field demonstrations and displays were conducted
so producers could see the prototype cooler and offer their
comments about it. Over 20 growers saw the cooler this year.
"The outcome of the demonstrations and displays of the
forced-air cooler was successful," concludes Edeogu.
"Producers in various parts of AJberta had the chance to see it
in operation and were excited and supportive of the project.
There are still some issues related to the design, ice bed
configuration, operation of the cooler and minimizing capital
and operating costs that still need to be addressed. These
issues continue to be investigated and worked on by AVEC."
A factsheet on precooling, its benefits and the design and
operation of a portable forced-air cooler is being published
and should be available in the first quarter of 1999
Contact: Ike Edeogu
(403) 415-2359
Horse conference in Red Deer
Each year in AJberta, the horse industry section of AJberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development organizes the
Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference This
event is the premier horse conference in North America. The
1999 conference is scheduled for January 8, 9 and 10. 1999 at
the Capri Centre in Red Deer.
"The conference is an event Alberta horse enthusiasts always
enjoy" savs Les Burwash. manager of equine programs with
Alberta Agriculture. "The internationally recognized speakers
on the agenda and the chance to meet and talk to other horse
breeders and owners make the conference an event well worth
attending "
The topical issues that will be addressed at the 1999
conference include:
Horse Health
• Correlation of Radiographs in Yearlings to Soundness in
Mature Horses - Dr. Wayne MCllwraith. professor of
surgery and director of equine sciences at Colorado State
I'niversity. Fort Collins, Colorado
• Neu Horizons in Therapeutic Shoeing and Hoof Care -
Rod Sigafoos, American Farrier Association certified
journeyman farrier and head of the Horseshoe Research
Laboratory Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
Cunt d on page 4
December 7, 1998 - page 4
• When Good Drugs Do Bad Things - Dr. Trish Dowling,
teaches clinical pharmacology at the Western College of
Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
• Trailer Safety - David Wilson, Santa Rosa Junior College,
Santa Rosa, California
Equine Nutrition
• More Than Ever, Horses Need Forage - Dr. Bob Coleman,
horse extension specialist and equine nutritionist,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
• Significance of Water Quality and Quantity on Horse
Health - Dr. Nadia Cymbaluk, managing veterinary at
Linwood Equine Ranch, Carberry, Manitoba
• What 's New in Equine Nutrition Research -
Dr. Bob Colman, horse extension specialist and equine
nutritionist, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
The Horse Industry
• Trends in the Horse Industry - Julie Kimball, director of
market development for the American Paint Horse
Association, Fort Worth, Texas
• Producing and Marketing Ranch Horses - Glenn Blodgett,
Burnett Ranches Ltd. Horse division director, Guthrie,
Texas
• Texas Ranch Horse Program - Dr. Glenn Blodgett,
Burnett Ranches Ltd. Horse division director, Guthrie,
Texas
• Taxation and Horse Cents - Fred Mertz, Canada/Alberta
Farm Business Management Program board member,
Calgary, Alberta
Purchasing the Right Horse
• Pre-purchase Examinations on Performance Horses -
Dr. Dan French, board certified in equine surgery,
Okotoks, Alberta
• The Value of a Versatile Horse - Joyce Loomis reining and
barrel horse trainer, Wayne, Oklahoma
• The Backyard Race Horse - Janet Del Castillo, horse
trainer and the author of the book "Backyard Racehorse",
Winter Haven, Florida
• Dealing With Horses in Transition... Changing Their
Lifestyle - Dr. John Steiner, American College of
Theriogenologists, Lexington, Kentucky
"The main areas of interest covered by our guest speakers
include, nutrition; horse health care; new training practices;
and. the horse industry as a business," adds Burwash.
The conference program is designed for a particular breed
preference, Arabian, Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred and all
breeds. However, conference participants can attend any of the
sessions and will receive the printed materials from all
sessions.
"Each year, a special, social event is planned for the
conference and this year we have arranged for Brian Keating,
head of Conservation Outreach Calgary Zoological Society, to
present Secret Springs: Classic Wild Africa on Saturday
evening," says Burwash.
Conference registration is $75 per person. For more
information about the 1999 conference, contact Burwash in
Airdrie at (403) 948-8538.
Contact: Les Burwash
(403) 948-8538
Water erosion potential on
Solonetzic soils
In Alberta, about 30 per cent of the arable land falls into the
Solonetzic soil category. A characteristic feature of this soil is
an impermeable hardpan at five to 30 centimetres from the
soil surface. This hardpan limits water infiltration and root
penetration, and results in increased runoff. The resulting
water erosion removes valuable top soil, making land less
productive.
"Producers often ask how current farm practices impact the
sustainability of soil productivity," says Andy Jedrych, design
engineer with the conservation and development branch of
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "They want
to know whether crop rotation, residue management and
conservation tillage are helping maintain soil productivity or
are they contributing to soil degradation.
"Water erosion potential on agriculture land on Solonetzic soil
has been studied for the past four years in central Alberta,
near Tofield. Sediment delivery and runoff rates from two
one-acre watersheds and from two 0.044 plots during spring
snow melt and summer rainfall events have been monitored.
Rainfall effect on water erosion under continuous cropping,
summerfallow and different residue levels soil conditions were
examined."
Results of the study show that almost 57 per cent of the total
runoff volume from the two watersheds and two erosion plots
can be attributed to summer rainfall events. However, more
than 90 per cent of total soil loss was credited to these events.
This finding contradicts a general belief that most soil loss in
Alberta occurs during snow melt events.
When rating rainfall events, a likelihood of a similar event
occurring is used to measure the event. A common rainfall
event is given a two-year return period, meaning that there is
every likelihood to expect a similar amount of rain from a
single storm at least every two years. Severe rainfall events,
which happen less often, are rated similarly. A 50-year return
period rating, for example, identifies a storm of significant
magnitude that should only be expected once in 50 years.
Cont d on page 5
December 7, 1998 - page 5
"In this study, most low-intensity rainfalls, those having a
return period of every two to five years, had little impact on
the total soil loss," says Douwe Vandenvel, soil and water
conservation engineer with Alberta Agriculture. "However, the
two historical single storm events, one in 1996 and one in
1998, with a frequency of more than a 10 and SO year return
period, accounted for nearly 70 per cent of total soil loss
during the four-year study period."
During the 1998 growing season, soil loss was monitored from
watersheds under summer fallow and continuous cropping
conditions. Normally, under the same cropping system, one
watershed was delivering twice as much sediment at the other
one. However, under fallow conditions, the same watershed
delivered over 10 times more sediment. This data suggests
that soil loss on a summer fallow field is about five times
higher than on a continuous cropping field.
"During the 1996 monitoring year, two storms, both with a
10 year return period, occurred over the summer, one in
August and one in September," adds Jedrych. "The August
storm occurred before crop swathing, when the soil surface
had 76 per cent canopy cover and only four per cent residue
cover. The September rain occurred after crop harvesting and
combining, when the soil surface had nearly 100 per cent
residue cover. Soil loss caused by the September storm was
negligible. However, soil loss caused by the August storm was
22 to 47 times higher on the watersheds. These results are a
direct measurement of the benefit of maintaining a good crop
residue cover on a soil surface."
Contact: Andy Jedrych Douwe Vandenvel
(403) 427-3692 (403) 427-3629
December 7, 1998 - page 6
Agri-News Briefs
Holistic agriculture and resource
management
A one-day seminar on holistic management of Alberta's
agricultural and natural resources is planned for January 22,
1999 at the Westerner Park, Red Deer. Alan Savory, a renowned
international speaker, wildlife biologist and the founding
director of the Centre for Holistic Management is the day's
speaker. A new book by Savory has received much praise from
agricultural organizations and publications such as the
Stockman Grass Farmer and the Rocky Mountain Institute.
Benefits to managing holistically include: improving land base
while increasing production and profits; cutting down or
eliminating petrochemical inputs without sacrificing crop or
livestock conditions; the framework for holistic decision
making requires no specialized knowledge or elaborate
technology and is applicable in every environment and
management situation. Cost of the seminar is $75 plus
GST per individual and $125 plus GST per couple. For further
information or to register, contact Randee Halladay at
1-800-946-5476.
Introducing Al in swine herds
Introducing and using artificial insemination in swine herds is
the main topic at the Swine Stockhandlers' Workshop. The
workshop is scheduled for the afternoon of January 12, 1999 at
Olds College, Animal Science Building, Room 6 14. Phil Burke,
gene transfer service manager for PIC, USA is the guest speaker.
He is responsible for introducing, monitoring and
troubleshooting Al in PIC multiplication and commercial herds.
He is also an expert on boar stud design and management.
Having spent considerable time on small and large sow
operations in the US and England, Burke will have much
information to share with Alberta producers managing herds of
any size where AJ is being used or being introduced. The
workshop includes hands-on opportunities. Participants will be
able to work with reproductive tracts to gain a better
understanding of the anatomy of sows, and they will work with
semen to learn techniques to improve Al success and learn
methods to evaluate semen quality. Live animals will not be
used. Cost of the workshop is $40 (including GST) for the first
person from a farm and $35 for each additional person from
the same operation. Space is limited, and pre-registering before
January 8, 1999 is recommended. For more information or to
register, contact Michelle Follensbee (403) 415-0828
(government numbers are toll free by dialling 310-0000 first)
or e-mail: michelle.follensbee^' agric.gov.ab.ca
Farm safety campaign wins the
Golden Ribbon
The Canadian Association of Broadcasters Golden Ribbon
Award is awarded annually. This year, in the Community
Service category, Alberta's Win With Farm Safety was
awarded the honour. The safety campaign was initiated jointly
with CISA TV in Lethbridge and Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development's Farm Safety Program. CISA TV made a
commitment to promote the benefits and report on
agriculture, a commitment evident in their daily newscasts,
in-depth weather reports and agriculture programming. The
campaign was launched in two phases. During the
introduction phase, the safe farm concept was communicated
to farm families. Alberta farm families were asked to explain
their common-sense approach to safety and highlight their
home-grown safety inventions. Based on submissions, six TV
commercials were produced and aired. The second phase of
the campaign consisted of a contest for grade five students.
The students were asked to produce a two to three minute
video or a book presentation on farm safety. Six of the entries
were selected and took centre stage during the North American
Seed Fair in Lethbridge. The public was asked to choose the
best entry and Eastbrook Elementary School was judged to be
the public's choice. The Win With Farm Safety was a positive
message campaign designed to make an impact on Alberta's
agricultural community and it succeeded.
December 7, 1998 - page 7
Coming Agricultural Events
December, 1998
Farm Business Management & Analysis
November 30 - February 1. 1999
Lethbridge
Fee: $450.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 7-14
Claresholm
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Understanding Farm/Ranch Resources for Manure
Management
December 7 - 8
Provincial building. Hanna
Fee: $125. 00 includes aerial photograph and lunch both days
Contact: Tamara Lewis
(403) 427-3819 Fax: (403) 422-0474
Farming for Profit
December 8
Douglas Theatre. Agriculture Centre
Airdrie
Contact: Ted Darling
(403) 948-8524 Fax: (403) 948-2069
Alberta Winter Wheat Producers Commission Annual
Meeting
December 8
Sven Ericksen's Restaurant
Lethbridge
Fee: Pre-Reg. $25. Reg. at meeting $30
Contact: S. Siewert
(403) 328-0059 Fax: (403) 328-0969
All About Beef
December 8
Provincial Building. Vermilion
Fee: $5.00
Contact: Christoph Weder
(403) 853-8101 Fax: (403) 853-4577
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 9-11
High River
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
December 9-11
Foremost
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Profit Management for the Hog Industry Seminar
December 9
Red Deer Lodge Hotel
Red Deer
Contact: Art Lange
(403) 632-5423 Fix: (403) 632-5495
Understanding Farm/Ranch Resources for Manure
Management
December 9 - 10
Provincial Building, High River
Fee: $125.00 includes aerial photograph and lunch both days
Contact: Tamara Lewis
(403) 427-3819 Fax: (403) 422-0474
Alberta Pulse Growers Zone 2 Annual Meeting
December 10
Black Knight Inn
Red Deer
Contact: Alberta Pulse Crovvers Commission
(403) 986-9398 Fax: (403) 986-9398
Pulse production in central Alberta
December 10
Black Knight Inn
Red Deer
Fee: $10
Contact: Neil Miller
(403) 782-3301 Fax: (403) 782-5514
Farming For Profit
December 10
Community Hall. Westlock
Contact: Bob Winchell
(403) 674-82 1 3 Fix: (403) 674-8302
December 7, 1998 - page 8
Peace Country Elk Expo & Select Sale
December 11-12
Evergreen Park
Grande Prairie
Contact: Harriet T. Pollon
(403) 766-2807
Understanding Farm/Ranch Resources for Manure
Management
December 14-15, 1998
Provincial Building, Airdrie
Fee: $125. 00 includes aerial photograph and lunch both days
Contact: Tamara Lewis
(403) 427-3819 Fax: (403) 422-0474
Silage Symposium
December 14
St. Vincent Hall
St. Vincent
Fee: $25.00
Contact: Harvey Yoder
(403) 623-5218 Fax: (403) 623-5422
1998 Silage Symposium & Silage Workshop
December 15
Legion Hall, Vermilion
Contact: Christoph Weder
(403) 853-8101 Fax: (403) 853-4577
All About Beef
December 15
Hardrive Cafe
Dewberry
Fee: $5.00
Contact: Christoph Weder
(403) 853-8101 Fax: (403) 853-4577
Silage Symposium and Workshop
December 16
9:30 am -4:30 pm
Lacombe
Fee: $25.00
Contact: Harvey Yoder
(403) 623-5218 Fax: (403) 623-5422
Understanding Farm/Ranch Resources for Manure
Management
December 16-17
Black Gold Inn, Gold Room
Drayton Valley
Fee: $125. 00 includes aerial photograph and lunch both days
Contact: Tamara Lewis
(403) 427-3819 Fax: (403) 422-0474
January, 1999
(In January 1999, the new area code 780 comes into effect
for central and northern Alberta. For more information,
contact Testis at 1-888-223-0300.)
Farm Succession Resource Fair
January 2, 1999
Provincial Building, Medicine Hat
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Land & Crop Management Using Precision Farming Software
(FarmTrac)
January 6 -8, 1999
Lethbridge
Fee: $185.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Western Canadian Wheat Growers Association Annual
Convention
January 6 - 8
Sheraton Cavalier
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Fee: To Dec 15 - $185; after Dec. 15 - $210
Contact: WCWGA Office
Fax: (306) 586-2707, Saskatoon, SK
Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference
January 8-10
Capri Centre
Red Deer
Fee: $75
Contact: Les Burwash
(403) 948-8538
Swine Stockhandler's Workshop
January 12
Olds College
Contact: Michelle Follensbee
(403) 415-0828 Fax: (403) 427-1057
Banff Pork Seminar
January 12-15
Banff Centre
Fee: $165.00 plus GST, before Dec. 15, 1998, $215 after (1998
rates, subject to
revision)
Contact: Ruth Ball
(403) 492-3236 Fax: (403) 492-9130
All About Beef
January 12
Provincial Building, Vermilion
Fee: $5 00
Contact: Christoph Weder
(780) 853-8101 Fax: (780) 853-4577
December 7, 1998 - page 9
Positive Public Relations
January 14-21
Legion Hall, Berwyn
Fee: $25. 00 includes 2 lunches (two days of workshop)
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
(780) 836-3351 Fix: (780) 836-3529
Seed Plant Convention
January 14-16
Westin Hotel
Edmonton
Contact: Bill Witbeck
(780) 782-4641 Fax: (780) 782-5514
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
January 14-22
Medicine Hat
Fee: $195 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Peace Country Beef Congress
January 15-16
J. E. Hawker Pavilion, Fairview College
Fair view
Contact: Brad Fournier
(780) 835 2291 Fax: (780) 835 3600
Focus On Agriculture Conference
January 15-16
Kinsmen Community Center
Ponoka
Contact: Joyce Crandall
(403) 783-5777 Fax: (403) 783-5776
Cattlemen's Corral Crop Visions
January 19 - 20, 1999
Agricultural Exhibition Grounds
Lloydminster
Contact: Terry Buss
(780) 853-8101 Fax: (780) 853-4577
Farm Succession Planning - Provincial Tour
January 19
Lethbridge Lodge. Lethbridge
Fee: $50 first person and $25 each additional family member
Contact: Brad Smith
(403) 223-7907
Farm Succession
January 19
Lethbridge Lodge
Lethbridge
Fee: $50 person. $25 additional family member
Contact: Bradlev Smith
Agronomy Update
January 21-22
Lethbridge Lodge Hotel
Lethbridge
Fee: $80.00
Contact: Rob Dunn
(403) 381-5351 Fax: (403) 382-4526
Farm Succession Planning - Provincial Tour
January 21
Crossroads Hotel
Calgary
Fee: $50 first person and $25 each additional family member
Contact: Ted Darling
(403) 948-8524
Holistic Management Seminar (Allan Savory)
January 22
Westerner Park
Red Deer
Fee: $75 each or $125/registrant & spouse
Contact: Randee
1-800-946-5476
Agriculture and Food Council - Leaders Challenge
Conference
January 22 - 23
Capri Centre
Red Deer
Contact: Jean Wilson
(403) 415-2146 Fax: (403) 427-5220
Agriculture and Resource Management for the 21st Century
January 22
Westerner Park
Red Deer
$75.00/person or $125 00/couple ( + GST)
Contact: Randee Halliday
1-800-946-5476 Fix: (430) 729-2472
Alberta Veterinary Medical Association Annua! General
Meeting
January 22
Westin Hotel
Calgary
Farm Machinery Economics
January 26 - Februan l)
Animal Husbandry Bldg. - L.C.C.
Lethbridge
Fee: $165 00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
(403) 223-7907
Fax: (403) 223-3396
December 7, 1998 - page 10
Farm Succession Planning - Provincial Tour
January 26
Denham Inn
Leduc
Fee: $50 first person and $25 each additional family member
Contact: Dean Dyck
(780) 340-7007
All About Beef
January 26
Hardrive Cafe
Dewberry
Fee: $5.00
Contact: Christoph Weder
(403) 853-8101 Fax: (403) 853-4577
1999 Provincial Agricultural Service Board Conference
January 26 - 28
Convention Centre, Calgary
Contact: Doug Henderson
Phone: (403) 526-2888
Alberta Branch CSGA Annual Meeting
January 27 - 29
Westin Hotel
Edmonton
Contact: Bill Witbeck
(780) 782-4641 Fax: (780) 782-5514
Farm Succession Planning - Provincial Tour
January 27
Golden Inn
Grande Prairie
Fee: $50 first person and $25 each additional family member
Contact: George Monner
(780) 835-2241
Advance Farm Accounting
January 28 - 29
Lethbridge
Fee: $155.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
February, 1999
Agri Future Farm Technology Expo
February 3 - 5
Westerner Park
Red Deer
Contact: Alberta Conservation Tillage Society
(403) 572-3600 Fax: (403) 572-3605
Alberta Pulse Growers Annual Meeting
February 5
Westerner Park
Red Deer
Contact: Alberta Pulse Growers Commission
(403) 986-9398 Fax: (403) 986-9398
Beginner Sheep Production
February 6 - 7
Olds College
Contact: Olds College Extension Office
Phone: (403) 556-8344
Farm Estate/Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource Fair
February 8
Falher
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
(780) 836-3351 Fax: (780) 836-3529
Farm Estate and Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource
Fair
February 9
Grimshaw
Fee: $50/person (and $30 for the second person from your
farm operation)
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
(780) 836-3351 Fax: (780) 836-3529
Farm Accounting Using Quickbooks
February 10-12
Lethbridge
Fee: $195.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
Farm Estate/Transfer Planning Workshop and Resource Fair
February 10
Provincial Bldg, Grande Prairie
Fee: $50.00/person ($30 for additional person from same
farm operation)
Contact: Margurite Thiessen
(780) 836-3351 Fix: (780) 836-3529
Western Barley Growers Annual Conference
February 11 - 12,
Banff Park Lodge
Contact: Kathy Cooper
(403) 291-3630 Fax: (403) 29 1 -984 1
Farm Machinery Economics
February 15-23
Taber
Fee: $165.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fax: (403) 223-3396
December 7, 1998 - page 1 1
Advanced Precision Farming Course Using Farm Trac &
Farm Site
February 25 - 26
Animal Husbandry Building
Lethbridge
Fee: $200
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fix: (403) 223-3396
Grain World: Agriculture Outlook Conference
February 28 - 2
Lombard Hotel
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Fee: $200 before Feb 5; $225 after
Contact: Caroline Wiley
(204) 983-4236 Fax: (204) 983-4993
March, 1999
Land & Crop Management Using Precision Farming Software
(FarmTrac)
March 1 - 8
Taber
Fee: $185.00
Contact: Bradley Smith
(403) 223-7907 Fxx: (403) 223-3396
Western Canada Dairy Seminar
March 9- 12
Capri Centre
Red Deer
Contact: David Croy
(403)381-5106
Peace Country Classic Agri-Show
March 11-13
F.vergreen Park
Grande Prairie
Contact: Randy J. Whelan
(780) 538-0144
Alberta Association of Agricultural Societies (AAAS) Annual
Meeting & Convention
March 19-21
Coast Plaza Hotel
Calgary
$1 15.00/delegate & $70.00/ guest package
Contact: Wendy Prudrn
(403) 427-2174 Fax: (403) 422-7755
April, 1999
Sheep shearing and wool handling
April 3 - 4
Olds College
Contact: Olds College Extension Office
(403) 556-8344
May, 1999
12th World Meat Congress
May 17-20
Dublin, Ireland
Contact: Lena Williams, Bord Bia
Phone: +353 1 668.5155
June, 1999
Alberta Women's Institutes 90th Anniversary Convention
June 9- 10
Olds College
Contact: Alberta Women's Institutes, Executive
(403) 488-5282 Fax: (403) 488-5282
July, 1999
Crop Improvement Day 99
July 6
Field off #9 Highway NE-10-28-3-W4
Oven
Contact: Trevor Wallace
(403) 664-3899; Fax: (403) 664-2549
Calgary Stampede
July 9- 18
Stampede Park
Calgary
Agricultural Service Board Provincial Tour, Summer 1999
July 13-16
Omniplex, Drayton Valley
Contact: Tennie McCracken
(780) 542-7777
13th International Farm Management Congress
July 19 - 24
Holiday Inn
Durban. South Africa, Natal
Fee: est $600 US
Contact J Wilson Loree
(403) 556 4213 Fax: (403) 556 7545
December 7, 1998 - page 12
August, 1999
Agriculture Institute of Canada Annual Conference
August 8- 10
University of Prince Edward Island
Charlottetown, PE.I.
Contact: Kais Deelstra
(902) 368-4842 Fax: (902) 368-4857
October, 2000
World Dairy Expo
October 4 - 8, 2000
Dane County Expo Center
Madison, Wisconsin
Contact: World Dairy Expo
(608) 224-6455 Fax: (608) 224-0300
September, 1999
XXXVI International Apicultural Congress
September 13-18
Vancouver Trade and Convention Centre
Vancouver, B.C.
Contact: Apimondia '99
World Dairy Expo
September 29 - 3
Dane County Expo Center
Madison, Wisconsin
Contact: World Dairy Expo
(608) 224-6455 Fax: (608) 224-0300
July, 2001
XIV International Plant Nutrition Colloquium
July 28 - 3, 2001
University of Hannover, Germany
Contact: IPNC Secretariat
Phone: -h 49- (0) 5 1 1 -762-2626
Fax: +49-(0)5 11-762-3611
November, 1999
Red Deer International Agri-Trade
November 10-13
Westerner Park, Red Deer
Contact: Pat Kennedy
(403) 343-7800
July, 2000
Calgary Stampede
July 7 - 16, 2000
Stampede Park
Calgary
August, 2000
World Poultry Conference
August 20 - 25, 2000
Palais Des Congres
Montreal, Quebec
Contact: Events International Meeting Planners
(514) 286-0855 Fax: (514) 286-6066
December 7, 1998 - page 13
Coming agricultural events notice
l. Do you know of any provincial (Alberta), national or international agricultural meetings, conferences or conventions coming in 1999
or 2000?
2. Please state the name of the event(s):
3. When is the event being held?
4. Where is the event being held? Include city or town; hotel or convention centre, if known
5. Please give name, city or town, and phone number of a contact person for each event listed:
6. This form has been completed by what organization? Please include your phone number:
Please return this form by February 15, 1999 to:
Lee Anne Palutke. Agri-News Editor
Communications Division
J.G. O'Donoghue Building
7000 - 113 Street
Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6
Phone: (403)422-6958
Fax: (403)427-2861
E-mail: palutkef" agric gov.ab ca
"Coming agricultural events" is published quarterly in Agri-News.
The next list will be March 1, 1999
Agri '-News
December 14, 1998
Major minerals
Most livestock producers in Alberta feed minerals. Some add
them in a grain mix and some provide them on a "free-
choice" basis. In beef cattle, major minerals are those needed
by the animals in large amounts and trace minerals are those
required in very small amounts. The questions surrounding
minerals is determining what kind, when, and at what levels.
"Too much of any one mineral can cause harm, and
requirements of a particular mineral depends on what's
available in the feedstuffs and the species, size and sex of the
animal.'' says Bill Grabowsky, beef specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "Requirements vary
by the type of animal as well as the stage of production the
animal is at."
Some of the major minerals are calcium and phosphorus and
the levels of each vary with what is being fed. For example,
grains are high in phosphorus while legume hay is high in
calcium. Supplementing either of these is often needed when
fed alone or in combination with other feedstuffs. Deficiencies
of these two minerals can lead to decreased milk production,
rickets and poor reproductive and calf performance. Ratios of
calcium and phosphorus is very important and can be as
minimal as 1:1 but never beyond 7:1.
"Animals' mineral needs must be met and the surest way to
accomplish this is to add the required minerals to the diet,
whether grain mix or silage mix." says Grabowsky "Minerals
that are fed free-choice should be monitored and weekly
intake noted. This way. excess or reduced amounts can be
corrected. In free-choice mineral supplements, salt is usually
added to improve consumption as phosphorus is not very
tasty."
Producers can talk to their feed suppliers and order mineral
supplements containing 3: 1. 2:1, 1:1 and 0:1 levels of calcium
and phosphorus. Along with the these minerals, other major
minerals like sodium, chlorine magnesium, potassium, sulfur
are added in.
"Along with the micro or trace minerals, other minerals such
as selenium and copper are often also added" adds
Grabowsky "To know which is the best buy in mineral
supplements, calculate out the percentages in the bag and
determine a cost per pound."
Cont '& on page 2
This Week
Major minerals 1
Winter ventilation in greenhouses 2
Picking out the perfect turkey 2
Research - food for thought 3
Trailer safety 3
Briefs 4
PSSDlX'IVOWS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbOTtd
. . . , _.. _ . _ AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agnc.gov.ab.ca rural development
December 14, 1998 - page 2
Now is the time, before winter gets too severe, to evaluate the
beef feeding program that will take a herd through to spring.
Ration balancing can help fine-tune rations for profit and
production. Producers are encouraged to drop by Alberta
Agriculture offices to discuss winter mineral feeding programs
or give one of the provincial beef specialists a call.
Contact: Bill Grabowsky
(403) 361-1240
Winter ventilation in
greenhouses
Greenhouse ventilation in winter and early spring is a real
challenge because of the cold outside air. Greenhouses that
aren't equipped with a winter ventilation system face a
problem of high relative humidity that can seriously slow down
the growth of plants by slowing the root development.
"During winter, ventilation is required for reasons other than
cooling," says Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza, greenhouse crops
specialist, Crop Diversification Centre North, Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Edmonton. "Most
greenhouses are tighter structures and natural infiltration may
no longer be adequate to control humidity and carbon dioxide
levels. This is particularly true for polyethylene greenhouses."
A recirculating fan with an attached perforated polyethylene
tube, a motorized air inlet louvre, an exhaust fan and a
humidistat are essential components for a winter ventilation
system. The capacity of the recirculating fan should be at least
10 per cent greater than the winter maximum rate of
2cfm/sq.ft of greenhouse floor area. This ensures that the cool
air brought in by the exhaust fan adequately mixes with the
warm air and is exhausted outside. The exhaust fan should be
hooked to a humidistat.
A publication on greenhouse ventilation is available from the
CDCN by calling (403) 422-1789. In Alberta, provincial
government numbers are toll free by dialling 310-0000 first.
Contact: Dr. M Mirza
(403) 415-2303
Picking out the perfect turkey
Buying, storing, thawing and preparing - a lot goes into a
turkey dinner before it is enjoyed on that special occasion.
"Turkey is synonymous with celebration events and dining at
it's very best," says Lorea Ladner, food scientist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Leduc. "Starting at
the very beginning, a successful turkey supper starts with
buying the bird. As with all packaged food, examine the food
and its packaging at the store and again before it is used. Avoid
turkeys in damaged, ripped or torn packaging."
Turkey is a perishable product, so storing is very important,
also. If purchased well ahead of time, store turkey in the
freezer at -18 C or lower until ready to thaw.
"Thawing a turkey is always a subject that generates many
questions: what is the safest method? what is the quickest
method? should a turkey be thawed slowly in the refrigerator,
immersed in water or left to thaw at room temperature? All
valid questions," says Ladner. "Never thaw a turkey on the
kitchen counter! It is recommended that turkey be thawed in
the refrigerator. A platter or plate large enough to catch any
juice is advisable. Give yourself plenty of time to thaw the
turkey, several days, in fact. Defrosting time can be calculated
as 24 hours for every five pounds of turkey."
Turkey can also be defrosted in cold water. Be sure that it is in
a leak proof plastic container or plastic wrap. The water should
be changed about every half hour. Be sure to cook the turkey
immediately after thawing.
"Preparation time is probably the most labour intensive part of
a celebration dinner, adds Ladner. "Whether choosing turkey,
chicken, ham or beef, be sure to give some extra care and
attention to handling, preparing, cooking and serving meats.
Be sure to wipe down surfaces both before and after preparing
meat. Use clean utensils for cutting, scoring and lifting. Be
sure to wash utensils in soapy water before using again."
It takes very little time to sanitize the surface where raw meat
has been sitting before chopping up vegetables but it makes a
huge difference in controlling the transfer of bacteria. The best
rule to follow is to wash all surfaces and all utensils before and
after using them. Use a tablespoon of bleach in a gallon of
water to wipe surfaces on which raw meats have been
prepared. This step helps eliminate bacteria.
"When the bird, roast or leg of lamb is ready to be popped into
the oven, make sure to follow the guidelines for temperature
and time and thoroughly cook meats," says Ladner. "Meat
thermometers make it easy to monitor the internal
temperature of meats to ensure they are cooked properly.
Have a safe, happy and healthy celebration season."
Contact: Lorea Ladner
(403) 980-4869
December 14, 1998 - page 3
Research - food for thought
Winter is a good time for fanners to consider the many options
for next year's cropping plans. A good place to get information
to assist in making changes during the next growing season is
by looking at this year's research results.
"When looking at this past season's research results, it's
important to remember that while they may not yet be
packaged' for easy access, they have some good points to bear
in mind," says Ron Hockndge, cereal and oilseed specialist
with Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development,
Wetaskiwin. "There is some difficulty in applying research to
farm situations. Researchers try to hold all other factors
constant in order to measure one particular variable.
"On the farm, many factors vary at once and these other
variables can enhance or mask the effect of the other
variables. Take crop response to various rates of fertilizers, for
example. Fertilizer trials are conducted with good weed control
and adequate plant populations. This may not always be the
case in practical application."
In 1998. Agriculture Canada scientists at Lacombe completed
the first year of testing interactions among variables. The
preliminary results raise some interesting ideas. For example,
an economical response to fertilizers at higher than
recommended rates can be realized but only if weeds are
removed very early: delaying weed control to the four-leaf
stage of the crop negates much of the benefit of extra fertilizer
"Preliminary results do not refute previous recommendations
made by crop specialists." adds Hockridge. "Many of the
standard recommendations continue to be valid and still hold
true. Practices that contribute to improved yield include early
seeding, early weed removal, good plant population levels and
a high level of plant nutrients in balance with each other.
"While tests haven't been done long enough to provide valid
conclusions, they do stimulate a lot of thought about
production practices and their effects."
Contact: Ron Hockridge
(403) 361-1240
Trailer safety
An interest in horses and trailer safety gave David Wilson his
start in the horse trailer repair business in 1978. A Safe Trailer
is a Happy Trailer, and that motto has helped W ilson build a
successful business as well as making him a sought-after
speaker on the subject at many conferences in and around
Canada and the U.S.
"The organizing committee for the 1999 Alberta Horse
Breeders and Owners Conference have arranged for
David Wilson to conduct a session on Trailer Safety," says Les
Burwash, head of equine programs, Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development, Airdrie. "The conference features
16 internationally acclaimed speakers and this year's agenda
is full of presentations that Alberta horse enthusiasts will find
interesting and informative."
Wilson has been involved in the horse industry since he was a
teenager. He is past president of the Santa Rosa Driving and
Riding Club. Redwood Empire Appaloosa Club. Sebastopol
Ranglers and is presently Master of Bellevue Grange, Santa
Rosa, California. Wilson has given safety lectures at horse
clubs and humane societies across the continent.
The conference program is designed for a particular breed
preference, Arabian, Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred and all
breeds. However, conference participants can attend any of the
sessions and will receive the printed materials from all
sessions.
"The main areas of interest covered by our guest speakers
include, nutrition; horse health care: new training practices:
and, the horse industry as a business," adds Burwash.
Conference registration is $75 per person l or more
information about the 1999 conference, contact Burwash in
Airdrie at (403) 948-8538.
Contact: Les Burwash
(403) 948-8538
National Library of Canada
Bibliotheque nationale du Canada
I I
III III II
3 3286 51595 5488
December 14, 1998 - page 4
Agri-News Briefs
Principles and procedures of plant
tissue culture
The Fruit Growers Society of Alberta, Alberta Seed Potato
Growers Association and the Crop Diversification Centre North
are offering a two-day course, January 27 and 28, 1999- The
course includes hands-on training on tissue culture
techniques used in propagation of seed potato, fruit crops,
landscape plant material and other selected species. The
course objective is to educate participants in day-to-day
operation of a commercial plant tissue culture laboratory and
to familiarize them with the production of plants via in vitro
techniques. A registration fee of $200 plus GST, includes all
materials and instruction costs, coffee and lunch. The
deadline for registration is January 15, 1999- Contact
Dr. Mohyuddin Mirza (403) 415-2303 or Kris Pruski
(403) 415-2316.
Oldman River Basin water quality
workshop
The Oldman River Basin Water Quality Initiative is
holding its second annual workshop at the Lethbridge Lodge
Hotel on January 12, 1999- The meeting is an opportunity for
the initiative workgroups to present their activities and findings
to the broader group of stakeholders. It is also a framework for
planning the year two activities for the initiative. The Oldman
River Basin Water Quality Initiative was established to bring
together leaders from health, agriculture, environment,
municipalities, education and industry to ensure a continual
supply of fresh, clean water to the communities along the
Oldman River Basin. Registration is at 8:00 a.m. and the
one-day meeting is expected to wrap-up by 4:30 p.m. Cost of
registration is $30 and registration deadline is
January 5, 1999- For further information or to register, contact
Wendy Granson in Lethbridge at (403) 382-6650.
Daily price info for herb, fruit and
vegetable markets
Today's Market Prices (TMP) is an on-line service that gives
daily price information on more than 180 herbs, fruit and
vegetable commodities from all wholesale markets of Canada,
USA, Mexico, Latin America, Brazil, Europe and Asia. TMP
takes all the data and prepares tables ordered by product,
market or origin of the commodity, including variety, size,
packaging type and bid price. Weather, market conditions of
the day and offerings trend information is also available. The
TMP service is completed by a Green Links page, where agri-
surfers can contact hundreds of related sites, and a Green
Business Corner, where product offerings or requests can be
electronically posted. For more information, contact TMP by-
e-mail at webmaster@todaymarket.com The address of
TMP's on-line service is http://www.todaymarket.com
Agri -News
December 21, 1998
Financial management
counselling for farmers
Farming is a risky business. When income drops, expenses
climb, or both happen at the same time, financial problems
can put a strain on the farm. A third party opinion is often
useful to guide a producer during this difficult time. The
Financial Management Counselling Service, offered by
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, can help farmers work
through financial difficulties.
"The Financial Management Counselling Service is available to
Canadian farmers experiencing farm financial problems," says
Dean Dyck, farm management specialist with Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. "For a nominal fee,
this service provides qualified counsellors to work with
farmers to help prevent more serious financial problems. The
service helps farmers assess their current financial position
and develop a plan for future success."
To be eligible for this service, a producer should be or will be
experiencing one or more of the following:
• incurring losses;
• facing decreasing margins;
• having difficulty paying bills as they come due;
• not revolving the operating loan - unable to reduce the loan
balance regularly, or the loan will not be extended: and.
• timing and amount of income and payments don't match,
putting a strain on cash flow.
"When a producer signs up for the program, a qualified
consultant is assigned to assess the current financial position
of the farm and develop a plan for future success," says Dyck.
"These consultants are understand farming and farm
businesses. In fact, many are farmers themselves."
Producer must have their basic farm bookkeeping in order or
readily accessible. Using these records, the consultant will
prepare an up-to-date set of financial statements, including an
income and expense statement for the past two \ears. a
current balance sheet, and a one- to two-year income and
expense projection based on continuing the existing operation.
The consultant will then analyze the statements and look at
the overall operation to identify any problems and possible
alternatives. In the final stage, the consultant will work with
the producer to develop a two- or three-year operational plan,
including ca.sh flow and income and expense projections.
Cont d on page 2
This Week
Financial management counselling for farmers
1
Vis the season to think safety
2
Plan ahead for turkey leftovers
2
Backyard race horse
3
Warm conditions continue into November
3
Preg check or not?
4
Agri-Industry: Boundless Growth?
4
Briefs
5
Pi!^[\-]V6WS Publishing Branch, Tel: (403) 427-2121 Fax:(403)427-2861 /dlbdTO
. . ^ l i • ... „ AGRICULTURE. FOOD AND
Internet site: www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agrinews Editor e-mail: agrinews@agric.gov.ab.ca rural development
December 21, 1998 - page 2
"The fee is $100 and the process takes only three to five days,
spaced out over a few months," adds Dyck.
To enroll for the service, call toll free 1-888-495-3212. The
Financial Management Counselling Service can also be
reached on the Internet at:
http://aceis.agr.ca/policy/adapt/fcs.html
For producers who don't have Internet access, check with local
libraries or schools.
Contact: Dean Dyck
(403) 340-7007
Vis the season to think safety!
Safety is an important part of Alberta farm life everyday of the
year. During the holiday season, days are full and evenings can
be long but the farm chores still must be done.
"The festive season is a time of year to pay particular attention
to safety on the farm," says Solomon Kyeremanteng, head of
the Farm Safety Program with AJberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development. "The pace is often very fast during this
holiday and it can sometimes seem like there's just no time to
relax. Getting over tired can lead to trouble."
During a recent campaign Win With Farm Safety, the safe
farm concept was communicated to southern AJberta farm
families. Families were asked to explain their common-sense
approach to safety and highlight their home-grown safety
inventions. Many good ideas were sent in by Albertans, one
being to make sure that being over-tired doesn't jeopardize
safety when working on the farm.
"This is a time to rejoice, spend time with friends and family,"
adds Kyeremanteng. "Our wish for the holiday season is that
farmers pace themselves so they don't compromise the task at
hand nor their personal safety. Remember to work safely and
play safely this season and throughout the year."
Farm Safety is a positive message that is making an impact on
Alberta's agricultural community. The recent safety campaign
was initiated jointly with CISA TV' in Lethbridge and Alberta
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's Farm Safety
Program. The campaign won the Canadian .Association of
Broadcasters Golden Ribbon Award; one of the highest awards
a media campaign can receive.
Contact: Solomon Kyeremanteng
(403) 427-4227
Plan ahead for turkey leftovers
You've thawed it, stuffed it, cooked it, the whole family enjoyed
it and you know there's at least a couple of meals left on that-
there b;rd. Taking a little extra care with wrapping and
refrigerating or freezing the leftover turkey will ensure that
when it's time to make another turkey dish, the meat will still
be fresh, tasty and healthy.
"It all begins with deciding how big a turkey to buy," says
Janice Shields, promotion coordinator for Alberta Turkey
Producers. "By estimating about one pound per person, there
should be enough turkey left after the big feast for some tastv
'plan-overs' afterwards."
Keep these helpful hints in mind when handling leftover
turkey meat:
• remove the turkey meat from the bone and remove the
stuffing
• turkey gravy and stuffing should be stored separately in
their own containers
• promptly refrigerate leftovers in smaller portions or in
shallow containers so the meat cools quickly
• leftovers should be re-heated to 160°F (71°C)
• gravy should be brought to a rolling boil and stirred during
reheating
• refrigerated turkey leftovers should be used within four
days
• for longer storing, freeze in air-tight containers or wrap the
meat well before freezing
• gravy and stuffing should be used within two days
"There are several sources of information where Alberta
consumers can get food safety information," says Lorea
Ladner, food scientist with AJberta Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development, Leduc. "The Alberta Home Economics
Association has a toll free hotline devoted food safety. The Food
Safety Info Line (FSIL), accessible by dialing 1-800-892-8333,
is answered by professional home economists. Information on
safe food handling practices is also available on the Canadian
Food Inspection Agency's website at www.cfia-acia.agr.ca"
"For recipes that use leftover turkey, such as Turkey Corn
Chowder or Crunchv Turkey and Cranberry Pie, visit the
Alberta Turkey Producers website at
http://www.abturkey.ab.ca/ click on What's New' and
then go to the recipes section. This section features lots of
information on buying, preparing and serving Alberta Turkey."
Contact: Lorea Ladner Janice Shields
(403) 980-4869 (403) 465-5755
Backyard race horse
It's called the Black Stallion' syndrome It refers to people
who always wanted to own a race horse but don't participate in
the racing industry because of the cost and perceived danger
to horse and rider alike.
"Horse racing is a fascinating sport." says Les Burwash,
manager of equine programs with Alberta Agriculture. Food
and Rural Development. Airdrie. At the 1999 Alberta
Horse Breeders and Owners Conference, Janet Del
Castillo will make a presentation called Backyard Race Horse
She encourages horsemen to do most of the early work
themselves. A practice that saves a tremendous amount in
training costs and protects the health and soundness of the
horse."
Del Castillo uses her personal experiences as a basis for her
program. She picked up a throw-away mare, donated to a
children's home, and turned her into a solid stakes winner in
Florida, winning purses totalling S3 15.000. By training and
conditioning the horse herself, the mare ran soundly for five
years.
"The presentation by Del Castillo is very motivational and
thought provoking," says Burwash. "She will cover points on
how to purchase a prospective race horse, general
conformation for racing, where to go to find a prospective
horse, what to look for in bloodlines, how to begin and what to
avoid in the business of horse racing. The main thrust of her
presentation focuses on keeping a horse sound in the process
of training and how that training can be done on the farm "
Each year in Alberta, the horse industry section of Alberta
Agriculture organizes the Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners
Conference. The event is the premier horse conference in
North America and one that Alberta's horse enthusiasts look
forward to. The 1999 conference is being held on
January 8, 9 and 10. 1999 at the Capri Centre in Red Deer
"The 1999 conference features l-i internationally recognized
speakers." says Burwash. "The organizing committee has put
together an excellent program of speakers and presenters
again this year. Topics such as new equine nutrition and
research, pre-purchase exams, trailer safety, and the value of a
versatile horse are also included in the agenda."
The conference is arranged so that attendees can follow four
streams of interest - Arabian, Quarter Horse. Thoroughbred
and all breeds. W hile many follow the program designed for a
particular breed preference, conference participants can
attend any of the sessions and will receive the printed
materials from all sessions.
December 21, 1998 - page 3
Conference registration is $75 per person. For more
information about the 1999 conference, contact Burwash in
Airdrie at (403) 948-8538. Government numbers are toll-free
by dialing 310-0000 to connect to a RITE line.
Contact: Les Burwash
(403) 948-8538
Warm conditions continue into
November
Preliminary data indicate Alberta's climate of 1998 through
November was the warmest since 1987 and the second
warmest since 1941 Temperatures have been above normal
five months in a row. and nine out of eleven months for 1998.
November temperatures were above normal for most stations
in Alberta. Temperatures ranged from one degree below
normal to 3-7 degrees C above normal during the month. The
overall provincial average temperature was one degree above
normal.
"November started off sunny and warm with day time
temperatures reaching about 10 degree C," says Peter
Dzikowski, agri-weather specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development. "Daytime temperatures slowly
fell to near freezing by the end of the first week, however the
warm weather returned the second week of November. During
the third week of November the below normal temperatures
returned. Temperatures were above normal the last week of
November with little precipitation reported."
The provincial average precipitation was slightly below normal
for November in Alberta. The weather averages reported here
are based on data recorded at 62 Environment Canada climate
stations across Alberta.
"The provincial average November precipitation of 15 mm was
4.7 mm below the 1961 to 1990 average of 19 7 mm," adds
Dzikowski. "The province is heading into its dry season.
December to February when monthly precipitation amounts
are less than half of the average in summer months."
The northwest region reported near normal precipitation and
all other agricultural regions reported below normal
precipitation in November. Amounts of 1.6 to 39. 2 mm, or
1 1 to 207 per cent of normal were reported.
Stavely west reported 39 2 mm, the greatest precipitation
departure, 207 per cent of normal. On the dry side, Medicine
Hat reported 1.6 mm of precipitation in November, only
1 1 per cent of the area's long term average.
Contact: Peter Dzikowski
(403) 427-3594
December 21, 1998 - page 4
Preg check or not?
Some beef producers pregnancy check their cow herds every
year and others do not. Preg checking is a management
decision that each producer must make for their own
operation. While it certainly isn't mandatory, there are many
reasons for checking for open cows.
"Reproductive value is probably the most important criteria in
evaluating the decisions to preg check or not," says Bill
Grabowsky, beef specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development, Wetaskiwin. "Whatever the reason for
culling open cows, producers should consider all of the
advantages and disadvantages."
Part of many producers normal culling program includes
replacing open cows with bred heifers. If a cow is open and
has a bad udder, has a fertility problem, or has a temperament
problem, it is generally sent to market and replaced with a
bred heifer.
"Identifying open cows by preg checking, gives producers the
option to feed out and rail grade the cow when the market is
higher, 'adds Grabowsky. "Traditionally, market prices for cull
cows are better in January, February and March. If feed costs
per pound of gain are low and death loss and sickness aren't a
problem, a dollar can be made in this situation."
Feeding open cows over the winter may not be economical if
there is a shortage of feed. Winter feed per cows runs at about
$1.00 per head per day and replacing or finding extra feed is
costly.
Purebred producers sometimes risk keeping open cows when
the value from the next sale of her purebred offspring will
compensate one year's losses with the profit earned the
following year. The sought after genetics, such as high rate of
gain, may be more valuable than the cost of overwintering the
purebred cow. This decision is based purely on profit potential.
"Lastly, many producers pregnancy check their herd mainly
because it's a good, normal management practice to do so,"
adds Grabowskv. "Cull cows and open cows are usually
replaced with 'in-herd', genetically superior pregnant heifers.
Herd performance is usually improved by adopting this
practice. Base culling decisions on fertility and it will be the
best tool a producer can use to keep or cull open cows."
Contact: Bill Grabowsky
(403) 361-1240
Agri-Industry: Boundless
Growth?
A conference for all Agriculture stakeholders is being held at
the Capri Hotel and Conference Centre, Red Deer, on
January 22 to 23, 1999- The conference focuses on where the
industry is headed and where the boundaries to growth are
likely to come up in the future.
"The conference provides an opportunity to meet other
industry representatives, customers, government
representatives and potential partners," says Don Diduck,
conference organizer at the Alberta Congress Board.
"Delegates will have the chance to hear from industry experts
and participate in sessions on the role of media in promoting
the industry."
Participants will be able to actively join in discussions on
functional foods, value chains, implications of the post-Crow
era, investment and finance, niche marketing, food safety, and
the latest on global trade negotiations.
"Conferences such as this are an excellent place to voice ideas
and opinions," says Diduck. "The agenda is full of speakers of
the highest calibre and plenty of time has been designated to
allow for free-flowing discussions. The keynote speaker for the
conference is Dr. Grant Devine, former Premier of
Saskatchewan."
Speakers include: the Honourable Ed Stemach, Minister of
Afberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development; Joe
McGuire, parliamentary secretary to the Minister of
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Dr. Michael Percy, Dean of
the Faculty of Business at the University of Alberta; Doug
Campbell, president of Campbell Agribusiness; Garnet
Altwasser, president of Lakeside Packers/IBP; Cam Crawford,
chairman, AgriVest Capital Corp.; Aron Falkenberg, chairman,
Alberta Chicken Producers; Dr. Susan Lutz. coordinator of
functional foods, Centre of Excellence at the University of
Alberta; Ron Pettitt, branch head, Food Processing Centre,
Leduc; Dianne Finstad. agriculture director of RDTV; Judy
Schultz, food editor. Edmonton Journal; Ric Swihart,
agricultural editor, Lethbridge Herald; and. Ian McDonald,
producer/announcer. CISA TV. Lethbridge.
Conference registration is $200 (plus GST). Registration before
January 8, 1999 is recommended. There is a late fee of $25
when registering after January 8.
For further information about the conference, contact Diduck
at the Alberta Congress Board (403) 421-9330 or e-mail:
congress@sas.ab.ca
Contact: Don Diduck
(403) 421-9330
December 21, 1998 - page 5
Agri-News Briefs
Protecting livestock from weather
Protection from wet and windy conditions during winter can
reduce teed requirements of cattle and sheep by 20 per cent or
more. Protective shelter also reduces the incidence of fever
and pneumonia. Efficient and inexpensive shelters of eight to
10 feet high fences with 20 per cent porosity, should be
provided when and where practical. Snow fences and tree
bluffs can be used to advantage if available. It is important for
the health of the herd to provide well-drained, adequately
bedded areas. Access to a shed to keep rain and snow off
livestock is desirable as long as the building or shed is
properly ventilated. For further information or to ask
questions about winter maintenance of livestock, contact the
district Alberta Agriculture office and ask for the beef or
livestock specialist.
One Man's Trash is Another Man's
Treasure
The annual Direct Seeding Workshop in Fairview on
January 14, 1999 will cover a wide variety of topics. Direct
seeding issues, such as successful crop rotations, climate
conditions in the Peace, transgenic and fall seeding of canola,
pea inoculation use and application, row spacing, time of weed
removal and spraying out of fescue are all on the agenda.
Speakers at the workshop include: Gary Martens, University of
Manitoba; Gary Ropchan, Central Peace Conservation Society;
Gary Coy, Canola Council: Wendal Rice, Beaverlodge Research
Center; as well a.s staff members from Alberta Agriculture.
Food and Rural Development: Roger Andreiuk, Lawrence
Papworth and Shane Chetner. The workshop is being
coordinated by Alberta Agriculture with support from Prairie
Farm Rehabilitation Administration (PFR\) and the Alberta
Reduced Tillage Initiative (ARTI). Registration is $10.00 at the
door and includes a copy of the proceedings. For more
information, contact Rand\ Perkins, acting conservation
coordinator with Alberta Agriculture, at (403) 835-2291,
Fairview.
Farm succession
A series of seminars on Succession Planning is planned for
1999. The seminars feature a team of excellent speakers to
address the topic of succession planning. They include:
Barbara McNeil, McNeil & Associates, whose ability to
understand and explain the importance of family relationships
in succession planning is the reason she is the lead-off
speaker; Phil Remind and Tracy Hanson, lawyers with the firm
of Duncan and Craig. Renaud has lectured throughout the
province on estate planning, mediation and family law and
Hanson, a professional agrologist and lawyer who understands
the southern Alberta farming and ranching industry;
Dereka Thibault. chartered accountant with Manulife Financial
who will speak on farm taxes; and Garry Bradshaw. farm
management specialist with Alberta Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development who has for the past 20 years, worked with
hundreds of farm families and written many of Alberta
Agriculture's succession planning publications. The two main
sponsors of the seminar series are Manulife Financial and the
Legacy Group. Dates and locations for the seminars are:
• Lethbridge Lodge, Leth bridge January 19, 1999
• Crossroads Hotel, Calgary January 21, 1999
• Denham Inn, Leduc January 26, 1999
• Golden Inn, Grande Prairie January 27, 1999
Cost of the seminar is $50 for the first person and $25 for
each additional family member. To register, call
1-800-387-6030, both Visa and MasterCard are accepted. For
further information, contact Brad Smith (403) 223-7907.
Taber; Ted Darling (403) 948-8524, Airdrie; Dean Dyck
(403) 340-7007; or George Monner (403) 835-2241, Fairview.
( Note: In January 1999. the new area code 780 comes into
effect for central and northern Alberta. For more
information, contact Telus at 1-888-223-0300.)
December 21, 1998 - page 6
Business is Surf in'
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development and
Canadian Rural Computer Services Inc. (CRCS) are offering
hands-on internet training, especially designed for farmers
and agribusinesses. Harvesting the Internet, is a one-day
training course focussing on the specific use of the internet as
a business tool in agriculture. Alberta Agriculture specialists
work with CRCS instructors showing participants how to
maximize the benefits of using the internet to get information
that will be valuable to Alberta farm businesses. CRCS uses a
mobile computer lab to deliver the course just about anywhere
in the province. Agricultural organizations interested in
providing internet training for their members can contact Ted
Darling, farm management specialist with Alberta Agriculture,
Airdrie at (403) 948-8524 or Jory Lamb, CRCS in Calgary at
(403) 263-2727. Starting this season, Albertans will be able to
take the Harvesting the Internet course from home by through
the Agri-Ville schoolhouse at http://www.agri-ville.com
Preparing for the new millennium
and beyond
The 3rd Annual Convention and Seminar of the Wild Rose
Agricultural Producers (WARP) is being held on
January 7 and 8, 1999 at the Red Deer Lodge. During the
two-day event, the seminar will feature several presentations
on subjects such as: Farm Financing for the Future; Changing
Times in the Grain Business; International Trade and the
WTO; Municipal Partnerships; Rail Transportation and
Agriculture; Biotechnology; and, Canadian Perspectives for the
Year 2000. Cost for the seminar and convention is $80 per
person. The names of all those pre-registered before
December 31, 1998 will be entered in a draw to win a $100 gift
certificate from UFA and lodging at the Red Deer Lodge on
January 7. For further information, contact Rod Scarlett at
WRAP at (403) 451-5912 or e-mail: info(a wrap.ab.ca Check
the WRAP website at:
http://www.wrap.ab.ca/newsletter_3.html
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